Wikipedia tnwiki https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsebe_ya_konokono MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.12 first-letter Pego Faphegileng Puisano Modirisi Puisano ya modirisi Wikipedia Puisano ya Wikipedia Setshwantsho Puisano ya setshwantsho MediaWiki Puisano ya MediaWiki Tempolete Puisano ya tempolete Thuso Puisano ya thuso Karolo Puisano ya karolo TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 2077 53543 53313 2026-07-29T07:52:29Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53543 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox website | name = Wikipedia | logo = [[File:Wikipedia-logo-v2-tn.svg|250px]] | logo_caption = Sekano sa [[Wikipedia]] | screenshot = Wikipedia Portal Screenshot (2022).svg{{!}}border | screenshot_alt = Wikipedia portal showing the different languages sorted by article count | collapsible = yes | caption = Tebego ya tsebe ya konokono ya Wikipedia ka komputara | type = [[Maranyane a encyclopedia]] | language_count = {{NUMBEROF|languages|Wikipedia}} | country_of_origin = United States | owner = {{Unbulleted list|[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|}} | authors = {{Unbulleted list|[[Jimmy Wales]]|[[Larry Sanger]]}} | url = {{URL|https://www.wikipedia.org/|wikipedia.org}} | commercial = Nyaa | registration = Wa ithopela | num_users = [[List of Wikipedias#Statistics totals|>{{formatnum:{{#expr:{{NUMBEROF|ACTIVEUSERS|totalactive.wikipedia}}}}}}]] active editors<ref> To be considered [[Special:ActiveUsers|active]], a user must make at least one edit or other action in a given month.</ref><br />[[list of Wikipedias#Statistics totals|>{{formatnum:{{#expr:{{NUMBEROF|USERS|totalactive.wikipedia}}}}}}]] registered users | launch_date = {{Start date and age|mf=yes|p=yes|br=yes|2001|1|15}} | current_status = Active | content_license = {{Nowrap|[[Creative Commons license|CC Attribution / Share-Alike]] 3.0}}<br />Most text is also dual-licensed under [[GNU Free Documentation License|GFDL]]; media licensing varies | programming_language = [[LAMP (software bundle)|LAMP]] platform<ref name="roadchap">{{cite web |url=https://rogchap.com/2011/09/06/top-40-website-programming-languages/ |title= Top 40 Website Programming Languages |website= rogchap.com |author= Chapman, Roger |date= September 6, 2011 |access-date= September 6, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130922015103/https://rogchap.com/2011/09/06/top-40-website-programming-languages/ |archive-date= September 22, 2013}}</ref> | oclc = 52075003 }} Wikipedia [e] ke [[:en:Encyclopedia|ensaetlopedia]] ya mahala ya maranyane e e kwadilweng le go tlhokomelwa ke setšhaba sa baithaopi, ba ba itsiweng jaaka [[:en:Wikipedians|Bawikipedia]], ka [[:en:Open_collaboration|tirisanommogo e e bulegileng]] le serweboleta sa [[:en:Wiki|wiki]] sa [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]]. E tlhomilwe ke [[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Jimmy Wales]] le [[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] ka ngwaga wa 2001, Wikipedia e ntse e amogelwa fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 2003 ke [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]], [[:en:501(c)(3)_organization|mokgatlho wa Amerika o o sa direng dipoelo]] o o tshegediwang thata ke meneelo ya babadi.<ref>[[:en:Lisa_Seitz-Gruwell|Seitz-Gruwell, Lisa]] (October 23, 2023)[[foundationsite:news/2022/11/03/7-reasons-you-should-donate-to-wikipedia/|. "7 reasons you should donate to Wikipedia"]]. [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20241008212455/https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/10/23/7-reasons-you-should-donate-to-wikipedia/ Archived] from the original on October 8, 2024. Retrieved December 27, 2023.</ref> Wikipedia ke buka e kgolo go tsotlhe ya [[:en:Reference_work|tshedimosetso e e dirisediwang go batla tshedimosetso,]] gape ke yone e e balwang thata mo ditsong.<ref>[https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher "Wikipedia is 20, and its reputation has never been higher]". ''[https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher The Economist]''. January 9, 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210107165356/https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher Archived] from the original on January 7, 2021. Retrieved February 25, 2021.</ref><ref>[[:en:Chris_Anderson_(writer)|Anderson, Chris]] (May 8, 2006). [https://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1975813_1975844_1976488,00.html "Jimmy Wales – The 2006 Time 100".] ''[https://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1975813_1975844_1976488,00.html Time]''. [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/500px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png Archived] from the original on October 12, 2022. Retrieved November 11, 2017.</ref> Kwa tshimologong e ne e le teng ka Seesemane fela, Wikipedia e godile [[:en:List_of_Wikipedias|go fitlha dipuo di feta]] [[:en:List_of_Wikipedias|makgolo a mararo]] mme ke nngwe ya [[:en:List_of_most-visited_websites|lefelo la tshedimosetso mo maranyaneng tse di etelwang thata]] mo lefatsheng go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2026. [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]], e e nang le [[:en:Article_(publishing)|dipego]] di feta didikadike di le supa, e sa ntse e le yone e kgolo go gaisa tsotlhe mo dikgatisong, tse mmogo di nang le dipego di feta didikadike di le masome a a marataro le bosupa mme gape e amogela maeto a a fetang didikadike di le sekete le makgolo a matlhano tsa didirisiwa tse di farologaneng le diphetogo di ka nna didikadike di le lesome le boraro kgwedi le kgwedi, e leng palogare ya diphetogo di ka nna tlhano ka motsotswana. Go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2025, mo e ka nnang karolo ya masome a mabedi le botlhano mo lekgolong ya batho ba ba etelang Wikipedia ba ne ba tswa kwa lefatsheng la United States, fa lefatshe la Japane le ne le emela mo e ka nnang karolo ya bosupa mo lekgolong, mme mafatshe a United Kingdom, Germany le Russia tsotlhe di ne di emela mo e ka nnang karolo ya botlhano mo lekgolong nngwe le nngwe.<ref>[https://www.similarweb.com/website/wikipedia.org/#geography "wikipedia.org]". ''Similarweb''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200605091241/https://www.similarweb.com/website/wikipedia.org#geography Archived] from the original on June 5, 2020. Retrieved January 9, 2026.</ref> Wikipedia e ile ya akgolwa ka ntlha ya popego ya yone ya ka fa gare le setso, e e [[:en:Democratization_of_knowledge|kgontshang go dira gore kitso e nne ya]] [[:en:Democratization_of_knowledge|puso ya batho ka batho]], le ka ntlha ya go akaretsa dilo tse dintsi ka dikgang tse di farologaneng, [[:en:Censorship_of_Wikipedia|Wikipedia e ile ya tlhotlhomisiwa]] ke dipuso dingwe tsa bosetšhaba, go simolola ka ditsebe tse di rileng go ya kwa saeteng yotlhe, ka dinako tse dingwe ka ntlha ya go kgala puso kgotsa ka ntlha ya diteng tse di tsewang di le bosula .<ref>Treisman, Rachel (April 1, 2022). [https://www.npr.org/2022/04/01/1090279187/russia-wikipedia-fine "Russia threatens to fine Wikipedia if it doesn't remove some details about the war]". ''[[:en:NPR|NPR]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221202215844/https://www.npr.org/2022/04/01/1090279187/russia-wikipedia-fine Archived] from the original on December 2, 2022. Retrieved January 22, 2023.</ref><ref>Skipper, Ben (December 7, 2015). [https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/chinas-government-has-blocked-wikipedia-its-entirety-again-1532138 "China's government has blocked Wikipedia in its entirety again"]. ''International Business Times UK''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180503111142/https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/chinas-government-has-blocked-wikipedia-its-entirety-again-1532138 Archived] from the original on May 3, 2018. Retrieved May 2, 2018.</ref> Ensaekolopedia eo e kile ya tshwaiwa diphoso ka ntlha ya go sekamela mo letlhakoreng le le lengwe mo mokgweng wa yone wa go tlhagisa tshedimosetso. Sekao ke go se neye basadi tshiamelo e e lekanang le ya banna (gender bias) le go sa emele dinaga tsa Borwa jwa Lefatshe (Global South) ka tekatekano. Gape, boikanyego jwa tshedimosetso ya Wikipedia bo ne bo belaelwa gantsi mo dingwageng tsa bo-2000, mme go simolola kwa bofelong jwa dingwaga tsa bo-2010, e simolotse go amogelwa le go akgolwa thata. Ditlhogo tsa Wikipedia tse di buang ka ditiragalo tse di sa tswang go diragala di dirisiwa gantsi ke batho ba le bantsi e le metswedi ya tshedimosetso ya bosheng. [[Category:Wikipedia]] == Ditso == Go ne ga lekeletswa diensaetlolopedia tse di farologaneng tsa tirisanommogo tsa mo mafaratlhatlheng (inthanete) pele ga go simololwa ga Wikipedia, mme tsotlhe tsa atlega fela e seng mo go kalo kalo. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Garber |first=Megan |date=October 12, 2011 |title=The contribution conundrum: Why did Wikipedia succeed while other encyclopedias failed? |url=https://www.niemanlab.org/2011/10/the-contribution-conundrum-why-did-wikipedia-succeed-while-other-encyclopedias-failed/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210114540/https://www.niemanlab.org/2011/10/the-contribution-conundrum-why-did-wikipedia-succeed-while-other-encyclopedias-failed/ |archive-date=February 10, 2023 |access-date=June 5, 2016 |website=Nieman Lab}}</ref> Wikipedia e simolotse e le lenaneo le le tlaleletsang Nupedia, e leng thulaganyo ya mahala ya mafaratlhatlha a inthanete ya ensaetlolopedia ya puo ya Sekgoa e makwalo a yone a neng a kwalwa ke baitseanape le go sekasekwa ka fa tlase ga thulaganyo e e tlhomameng. <ref name="KockJungSyn2016">{{Cite journal |last=Kock |first=Ned |author-link=Ned Kock |last2=Jung |first2=Yusun |last3=Syn |first3=Thant |date=2016 |title=Wikipedia and e-Collaboration Research: Opportunities and Challenges |url=https://cits.tamiu.edu/kock/pubs/journals/2016JournalIJeC_WikipediaEcollaboration/Kock_etal_2016_IJeC_WikipediaEcollaboration.pdf |url-status=live |journal=[[International Journal of e-Collaboration]] |publisher=IGI Global |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=1–8 |doi=10.4018/IJeC.2016040101 |issn=1548-3681 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160927001627/https://cits.tamiu.edu/kock/pubs/journals/2016JournalIJeC_WikipediaEcollaboration/Kock_etal_2016_IJeC_WikipediaEcollaboration.pdf |archive-date=September 27, 2016}}</ref> E tlhomilwe ka Mopitlo a le malatsi a le boferabongwe, ngwaga wa 2000, e le ya Bomis, e leng kompone ya web portal . Batho ba bagolo ba yone e ne e le Mookamedi-mogolo wa Bomis e bong Jimmy Wales le Larry Sanger, morulaganyi-mogolo wa Nupedia mme moragonyana wa Wikipedia. Nupedia e neilwe teseletso lantlha ka fa tlase ga teseletso ya yone ya Diteng tse di Buletsweng tsa Nupedia. Pele ga Wikipedia e tlhongwa, Nupedia e ne ya fetogela kwa Teseletso ya Dikwalo ya Mahala ya GNU se se rotloediwa ke Richard Stallman . Gantsi Wales o fiwa tlotla gore o ne a kgona go tlhalosa ka botlalo maikano a go dira ensaetlolopedia e makwalo a yone a kgonang go kwalwa le go baakangwa ke setshaba , fa Sanger ene a bokelwa go tswa ka leano la go dirisa wiki go fitlhelela maikano ao. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-01-15 |title=Tech Rewind: How Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia came to be |url=https://www.mid-day.com/lifestyle/health-and-fitness/article/tech-rewind--how-wikipedia--the-free-encyclopedia-came-to-be-15915177 |access-date=2026-01-08 |website=Mid-day |language=en}}</ref> Ka Firikgong a le malatsi a le lesome, ngwaga wa 2001, Sanger o ne a ntsha mogopolo mo dithomelong tsa Nupedia go tlhama wiki gore e bereke go "thusa" lenaneo la Nupedia. <ref name="nupedia feeder from WP 1" group="W">{{Cite news|last=Sanger|first=Larry|date=January 10, 2001|title=Let's Make a Wiki|url=https://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html|access-date=December 26, 2008|publisher=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref> === Tshimololo le kgolo === Wikipedia e simolodisitswe ka Firikgong a le malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2001, (ka dinako tse dingwe le bidiwa "Letsatsi la Wikipedia"), {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|page=7}} e le kgatiso e le nngwe ya puo ya Sekgoa e e nang le leina la kgolagano ya ''www.wikipedia.com'', mme le ne la bolelwa ke Sanger mo dithomelong tsa Nupedia. Leina le, le le duleng ka Sanger go thibela tshenyo epe e e ka nnang teng mo leineng la Nupedia, <ref>{{Cite news|last=Larry Sanger|author-link=Larry Sanger|date=11 January 2001|title=Re: [Advisory-l] The wiki...|publisher=Nupedia mailing list|url=http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html|access-date=10 July 2026|archivedate=14 April 2003|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20030414021138/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html}}</ref> le simolotse mo motswakong wa mafoko ''wiki'' le ''encyclopedia'' . Wales o boletse gore kgopolo ya Wikipedia e ne ya tlhotlhelediwa ke dikgopolo tsa thulaganyo e e sa rulaganngwang e e neng e amana le Friedrich Hayek le [[Austrian School|Sekolo sa tsa itsholelo sa kwa Austria]] morago ga gore moitseanape wa tsa itsholelo yo o ratang kgololesego e bong Mark Thornton a supe megopolo ye . <ref>{{Cite news|date=2009-04-15|title=Wikipedia's Model Follows Hayek - WSJ|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB123976347774119699}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Mangu-Ward |first=Katherine |date=2007-05-30 |title=Wikipedia and Beyond |url=https://reason.com/2007/05/30/wikipedia-and-beyond/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210725210204/https://reason.com/2007/05/30/wikipedia-and-beyond/ |archive-date=July 25, 2021 |access-date=2026-04-21 |website=Reason.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Segolobogolo, Wales o ne ya tlhotlhelediwa ke polelo ya ga Hayek ya Tiriso ya Kitso mo Setšhabeng e e neng e bolela gore e ne e le "konokono" mo mogopolong wa gagwe ka ga "kafa a ka laolang lenaneo la Wikipedia ka teng". <ref name=":0" /> Molao wa tsamaiso ya yone o o botlhokwa wa " pono e e sa tseyeng letlhakore " o ne wa simolola mo ngwageng wa yone wa ntlha . {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|page=29}}Mme fela, go ne go na le melao e mmalwa, mme e ne e bereka e sa laolwe ke Nupedia. Bomis kwa tshimologong e ne e ikaeletse gore e nne kgwebo e e dirang dipoelo. <ref name="Seth-Finkelstein">{{Cite news|date=September 25, 2008|title=Read me first: Wikipedia isn't about human potential, whatever Wales says|work=[[The Guardian]]|location=London|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2008/sep/25/wikipedia.internet|access-date=January 23, 2023}}</ref> Wikipedia e ne ya bona bakwadi/batlatsi ba ntlha go tswa mo Nupedia, dipego tsa ''Slashdot'', le go dira dikgolagano tsa enjene ya patlo ya webo. Dikgatiso tsa puo di ne tsa tlhamiwa go simolola ka Mopitlo 2001, mme palo yotlhe ya tse di ne di dirisiwang di le lekgolo le masome a le marataro le bongwe kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2004. Nupedia le Wikipedia di ne tsa nna mmogo go fitlhela disefara tsa Nupedia di emisetswa ruri ka 2003, mme dikwalo tsa yone di ne tsa tsenngwa mo Wikipedia. Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e fetile letshwao la dikwalo tse di didikadike di le pedi (2 million) ka Lwetse a le malatsi a le boferabongwe, ngwaga wa 2007, mme se se ne sa e dira gore e nne ensaetlolopedia e kgolo go gaisa tsotlhe tse di kileng tsa kokoanngwa, e feta ''Ensaetlolopedia ya Yongle'' e e neng ya dirwa kwa China ka nako ya puso ya ga Ming ka 1408, e e neng e tshwere rekoto ya teng dingwaga di ka nna makgolo a le marataro. Ka ntlha ya go tshaba papatso ya dikgwebo le go tlhoka taolo, badirisi ba Wikipedia ya Sepanishe ba ne ba tswa mo Wikipedia go tlhama {{Lang|es|[[Enciclopedia Libre]]}} ka Tlhakole 2002. <ref name="EL fears and start 1" group="W">{{Cite web |title=[long] Enciclopedia Libre: msg#00008 |url=https://osdir.com/ml/science.linguistics.wikipedia.international/2003-03/msg00008.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081006065927/https://osdir.com/ml/science.linguistics.wikipedia.international/2003-03/msg00008.html |archive-date=October 6, 2008 |access-date=December 26, 2008 |website=Osdir}}</ref> Morago ga moo Wales o ne a ntsha kitsiso ya gore Wikipedia ga e kitla e bontsha dikgang tsa ipapatso mme ya fetola kgolagano ya dikhomphiutha go tswa go ''wikipedia.com'' go ya go ''wikipedia.org'' . <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=Vibber |first=Brion |date=August 16, 2002 |title=Brion VIBBER at pobox.com |url=https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2002-August/003982.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140620071550/https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2002-August/003982.html |archive-date=June 20, 2014 |access-date=December 8, 2020 |website=[[Wikimedia]]}}</ref> Morago ga paka ya ntlha ya kgolo e e kwa godimo, <ref name="wikisym slowing growth 1" /> go lebega selekanyo sa kgolo ya Wikipedia ya Sekgoa go ya ka dipalo tsa dikwalo tse disha le tsa bakwadi e ne ya tsholetsega thata go bapa le ngwaga wa 2007 o simolola. <ref name="guardian WP user peak 1">{{Cite news|title=Wikipedia approaches its limits|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2009/aug/12/wikipedia-deletionist-inclusionist|access-date=March 31, 2010}}</ref> Kgatiso e e ne ya fitlhelela dikwalo di le didikadike di le tharo ka Phatwe 2009. Dikwalo di ka nna sekete le makgolo a le boferabobedi di ne di tsenngwa mo ensaetlolopedia ye ka letsatsi ka ngwaga wa 2006; ka 2013 palogare eo e ne e tsamaela makgolo a le boferabobedi. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=((Editors of Wikipedia)) |author-link=Special:History/Wikipedia:Modelling Wikipedia extended growth |title=Wikipedia:Modelling Wikipedia extended growth |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Modelling_Wikipedia_extended_growth |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110826234512/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Modelling_Wikipedia%27s_growth |archive-date=August 26, 2011 |access-date=January 23, 2023 |website=Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Setlhopha kwa Lekalaneng la Dipatlisiso la Palo Alto se ne sa amanya go fokotsega mo ga kgolo le "go oketsega ga kgokagano le ditshenyegelo tse di kwa godimo, go se akarediwe batho ba basha mo lenaneong, le go gana diphetogo tse disha". Ba bangwe ba ne ba akantsha gore kgolo e ne ya fokotsega ka gonne dikwalo tse di ka bidiwang " [[wiktionary:low-hanging fruit|tse di motlhofo thata]] "— tsa ditlhogo tse di tshwanelwang ke go nna dikwalo—di ne di setse di tlhamilwe le go agiwa thata. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Cohen|author-link=Noam Cohen|title=Wikipedia&nbsp;– Exploring Fact City|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/29/weekinreview/29cohen.html}}</ref> Ka Ngwanatsele 2009, mmatlisisi mongwe kwa Sekolong sa dithuto tse dikgolwane sa Rey Juan Carlos kwa Madrid, kwa Spain, o ne a fitlhela gore Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e ne e latlhegetswe ke bakwadi/batlatsi ba le dikete di le masome a mane le boferabongwe mo dikgweding tsa ntlha tse tharo tsa 2009; fa e bapisiwa, e ne e latlhegetswe ke bakwadi ba le dikete di le nne le makgolo a le boferabongwe fela mo pakeng e e tshwanang ka 2008. <ref name="guardian editors leaving 1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2009/nov/26/wikipedia-losing-disgruntled-editors|title=Wikipedia falling victim to a war of words|work=The Guardian|location=London|first=Jenny|last=Kleeman|date=November 26, 2009|access-date=December 13, 2016}}</ref> ''Pego ya The Wall Street'' e ne ya umaka melao e e farologaneng e e dirisiwang mo go direng dikwalo le dikganetsano tse di amanang le diteng tsa one gareng ga mabaka a a dirang gore go nne le tlwaelo ya kgang ye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fowler |first=Geoffrey A. |last2=Angwin |first2=Julia |date=November 27, 2009 |title=Volunteers Log Off as Wikipedia Ages |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB125893981183759969 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221204041034/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB125893981183759969 |archive-date=December 4, 2022 |access-date=January 23, 2023 |website=[[The Wall Street Journal]]}}</ref> Wales o ne a ganetsa dikgang tse ka 2009, a ganela dikgang tsa phokotsego le go belaela mokgwa wa patlisiso eo. <ref name="telegraph Wales WP not losing editors 1">{{Cite news|last=Barnett|first=Emma|date=November 26, 2009|title=Wikipedia's Jimmy Wales denies site is 'losing' thousands of volunteer editors|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|location=London|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/wikipedia/6660646/Wikipedias-Jimmy-Wales-denies-site-is-losing-thousands-of-volunteer-editors.html|access-date=March 31, 2010}}</ref> Morago ga dingwaga di le pedi, ka 2011, o ne a amogela gore go nnile le phokotsego e nnye, a lemoga phokotsego go tswa go "bakwadi ba ba fetang dikete di le masome a mararo le borataro go le sekae" ka Seetebosigo 2010 go ya go ba le dikete di le masome a mararo le botlhano le makgolo a le boferabobedi ka Seetebosigo 2011. Mo go yone potsolotso eo, o ne a bolela gape gore palo ya bakwadi e ne e "tlhomame e bile e tswelelela pele". <ref name="wiki-women">{{Cite news|last=Rawlinson|first=Kevin|date=August 8, 2011|title=Wikipedia seeks women to balance its 'geeky' editors|newspaper=The Independent|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/wikipedia-seeks-women-to-balance-its-geeky-editors-2333605.html|access-date=April 5, 2012}}</ref> Setlhogo sa lekwalo la 2013 la ''MIT Technology Review'', "Go wela tlase ga Wikipedia", se ne sa belaela polelo e, sa bega gore fa e sale ka 2007 Wikipedia e ne e latlhegetswe ke nngwetharong ya bakwadi ba yone ba ba ithaopileng, mme sa akantsha gore ba ba setseng ba ne ba tlhomile mogopolo thata mo dintlheng tse dinnye. <ref name="Simonite-2013">{{Cite journal |last=Simonite |first=Tom |date=October 22, 2013 |title=The Decline of Wikipedia |url=https://www.technologyreview.com/2013/10/22/175674/the-decline-of-wikipedia/ |url-status=live |journal=[[MIT Technology Review]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220731083716/https://www.technologyreview.com/2013/10/22/175674/the-decline-of-wikipedia/ |archive-date=July 31, 2022 |access-date=November 30, 2013}}</ref> Ka Phukwi 2012, ''The Atlantic'' e ne ya bega gore palo ya batsamaisi le yone e ne e fokotsega. <ref name="Meyer-2012">{{Cite news|last=Meyer|first=Robinson|date=July 16, 2012|title=3 Charts That Show How Wikipedia Is Running Out of Admins|work=The Atlantic|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/07/3-charts-that-show-how-wikipedia-is-running-out-of-admins/259829|access-date=January 23, 2023}}</ref> Ka Ngwanatseele 2013, bukana ya ditshwantsho ya ''New York'' e ne ya bolela jaana, "Wikipedia, webosaete ya borataro e e dirisiwang thata, e lebagane le mathata a tsamaiso ya one." Palo ya bakwadi ba esaentlolopedia ya Sekgoa ba ba e dirisang gangwe le gape fa e sa le ka nako eo e ntse e tlhomame morago ga nako e telele ya go wela tlase. <ref>{{Cite news|last=F.|first=G.|date=May 5, 2013|title=Who really runs Wikipedia?|newspaper=The Economist|url=https://www.economist.com/the-economist-explains/2013/05/05/who-really-runs-wikipedia|access-date=November 26, 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mandiberg |first=Michael |date=February 23, 2020 |title=Mapping Wikipedia |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2020/02/where-wikipedias-editors-are-where-they-arent-and-why/605023/ |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211115131524/https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2020/02/where-wikipedias-editors-are-where-they-arent-and-why/605023 |archive-date=November 15, 2021 |access-date=November 26, 2021 |website=The Atlantic}}</ref> Ka Firikgong a le malatsi a le masome a mabedi, ngwaga wa 2014, Subodh Varma yo o neng a begela ''The Economic Times'' o ne a supa gore ga se fela gore kgolo ya Wikipedia e ne e eme, e ne e "latlhegetswe ke palo ya dipono tsa dikwalo di ka nna lesome mo lekgolong ngogola. Go nnile le phokotsego ye e ka nnang dikadikadike di le dikete tse pedi (2 billion) fa gare ga Sedimonthole 2012 le Sedimonthole 2013. Diphetolelo tsa yone tse di ratiwang thata ke tsone tse di eteletseng pele mo tsebeng: dipono tsa dikwalo tsa Wikipedia ya Sekgoa di fokotsegile ka lesome le bobedi mo lekgolong (12%), tsa mofuta wa Sejeremane di fokotsegile ka lesome le bosupa mo lekgolong (17%) mme tsa mofuta wa Sejapane di fokotsegile ka boferabongwe mo lekgolong (9%)." <ref name="economictimes.indiatimes.com">{{Cite news|last=Varma|first=Subodh|date=January 20, 2014|title=Google eating into Wikipedia page views?|work=The Economic Times|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/29094246.cms|access-date=February 10, 2014}}</ref> Varma o ne a tlatsa a re, "Le fa baokamedi ba Wikipedia ba akanya gore se se ka tswa se bakilwe ke diphoso tsa go tsaa dipalo, baitseanape ba bangwe ba akanya gore lenaneo la Google la Knowledge Graphs le le simolotsweng ngogola le ka tswa le ne le tsaya badirisi ba Wikipedia." <ref name="economictimes.indiatimes.com" /> Fa go ikgolagangwa le ene, Clay Shirky, morutintshi-mmogo kwa Sekolo sa dithuto tse dikgolwane sa New York le modiri ka ene kwa Lekalana la Setšhaba le mafaratlhatlha a Inthanete la Berkman Klein la Harvard o ne a bolela gore o belaela gore bontsi jwa go fokotsega ga go lebelewa ga ditsebe go bakilwe ke Dikerafo tsa Kitso, a bolela jaana, "Fa o ka kgona go bona karabo ya potso ya gago mo tsebeng ya patlo, ga o tlhoke go [tobetsa] go ya pele." <ref name="economictimes.indiatimes.com" /> Kwa bokhutlong jwa Sedimonthole 2016, Wikipedia e ne ya fiwa maemo a botlhano mo webosaeteng e e itseweng thata mo lefatsheng lotlhe ka bophara. <ref name="Alexa">{{Cite web |title=Alexa Top 500 Global Sites |url=https://www.alexa.com/topsites |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210203120227/https://www.alexa.com/topsites |archive-date=February 3, 2021 |access-date=December 28, 2016 |website=[[Alexa Internet]]}}</ref> Go ema ka Firikgong 2023, go setse go nopotswe dikwalo di le dikete di le masome a matlhano le botlhano le makgolo a le bosupa le masome a le boferabongwe le bongwe (55 791) tsa Wikipedia ya Sekgoa makgetho a le dikete di le masome a le boferabongwe le bobedi le makgolo a le mararo (92 300 ) mo dibukaneng tsa barutegi, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Citations of Wikipedia as an Online Resource |url=https://exaly.com/online-resource/146983/en.wikipedia.org |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221104134042/https://exaly.com/online-resource/146983/en.wikipedia.org |archive-date=November 4, 2022 |access-date=November 4, 2022 |publisher=exaly}}</ref> tse go tswa mo go tsone tiriso ya dikitso tsa dikhomphiutha e neng e le tsebe e e nopotsweng thata. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Citations of Cloud Computing |url=https://exaly.com/online-document/8348259/articles/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221104134042/https://exaly.com/online-document/8348259/articles/ |archive-date=November 4, 2022 |access-date=November 4, 2022 |publisher=exaly}}</ref> === Dithulaganyo tse di berekang le yone === Wikipedia e tlhamile mananeo a le mmalwa a a berekang le ensaetlolopedia, tse gape e leng diwiki tse di tsamaisiwang ke [[Wikimedia Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] . [[Wikimedia Foundation|Mananeo a mangwe a Wikimedia]] a a akaretsa Wiktionary, lenaneo la bukana ya ithunthuntso mafoko e e neng ya simololwa ka Sedimonthole 2002, Wikiquote, kokoanyo ya dinopolo tse di tlhamilweng beke morago ga gore Wikimedia e simololwe, <ref>{{Cite book |last=Woods |first=Dan |year=2007 |title=Wikis for dummies |last2=Theony |first2=Peter |publisher=[[Wiley (publisher)|John Wiley & Sons]] |isbn=978-1-118-05066-8 |edition=1st |location=Hoboken, NJ |page=58 |chapter=3: The Thousand Problem-Solving Faces of Wikis |oclc=1300481129 |ol=5741003W}}</ref> Wikibooks, kokoanyo ya dibukathuto tsa mahala tse di kwadilweng ka tirisanommogo, <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=((Editors of Meta-Wiki)) |author-link=m:Special:History/Talk:Science Hypertextbook project |title=Talk:Science Hypertextbook project |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=153077 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230319183224/http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=153077 |archive-date=March 19, 2023 |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki}}</ref> [[Wikimedia Commons]] . e e neng e diretswe metswedi ya dikgang ya kitso e e gololesegileng, Wikinews, ya bobegadikgang jo bo dirisanang mmogo, le Wikiversity, lenaneo la go tlhama didirisiwa tsa go ithuta tsa mahala le go tlamela ka ditiro tsa go ithuta ka inthanete. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=((Editors of Wikiversity)) |author-link=v:Special:History/Wikiversity:History of Wikiversity |title=Wikiversity:History of Wikiversity |url=https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Wikiversity:History_of_Wikiversity |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150724204635/https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Wikiversity:History_of_Wikiversity |archive-date=July 24, 2015 |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=Wikiversity |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Lenaneo le lengwe la Wikipedia, Wikispecies, le nankolola mefuta ya ditshedi tsotlhe, mme ga e a bulegela go ka tlaletswa ke setšhaba. <ref>{{Cite journal |date=February 18, 2005 |title=NET News: Calling All Taxonomists |journal=Science |volume=307 |issue=5712 |page=1021 |doi=10.1126/science.307.5712.1021a |s2cid=220095354 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Ka 2012, Wikivoyage, e leng kaedi ya mesepele e e ka tlaleletswang, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Luyt |first=Brendan |date=January 1, 2020 |title=A new kind of travel guide or more of the same? Wikivoyage and Cambodia |journal=Online Information Review |volume=45 |issue=2 |pages=356–371 |doi=10.1108/OIR-03-2020-0104}}</ref> le Wikidata, e leng motheo wa kitso o o ka tlaleletswang le one, di ne tsa simololwa. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=Roth |first=Matthew |date=March 30, 2012 |title=The Wikipedia data revolution |url=https://diff.wikimedia.org/2012/03/30/the-wikipedia-data-revolution/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210114634/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2012/03/30/the-wikipedia-data-revolution/ |archive-date=February 10, 2023 |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=Diff |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> === Diphitlhelelo === [[File:List_of_Wikipedia_articles_by_language_-_March_2024.svg|thumb|[[Cartogram]] showing number of articles in the top 88 Wikipedias ({{as of|2024|3|lc=y|post=).}} The size of the circles for Wikipedias that have less than a million articles is fixed and not proportional to the size of the Wikipedia. The smallest Wikipedia that made the cutoff is the [[Haitian Creole]] Wikipedia with 69K articles.{{efn|As of April 2026, the [[Haitian Creole]] Wikipedia, with 72K articles, is in 91st place when ranked by number of articles.}}<br /> The languages are roughly grouped by region: <br />{{hlist|{{legend0|#4C0099|[[Northern Europe]]}}|{{legend0|#CC0000|[[Southern Europe]]}}|{{legend0|#CCCC00|[[Eastern Europe]]}}|{{legend0|#CC6600|[[Middle East]]}}|{{legend0|#4C9900|[[East Asia]]}}|{{legend0|#00CDFF|[[Indian subcontinent]]}}|{{legend0|#660000|[[Sub-Saharan Africa]]}}|{{legend0|#808080|[[Central Asia]]}}|{{legend0|#6600CC|[[Caribbean]]}}}} ]] Ka Firikgong 2007, Wikipedia e ne ya nna nngwe ya diwebosaete tse di lesome tse di tumileng thata kwa Amerika, go ya ka Comscore Networks. <ref name="Comscore-2007">{{Cite web |date=February 15, 2007 |title=New Year's Resolutions Reflected in January U.S. Web Traffic |url=https://ir.comscore.com/static-files/45b068e1-1cee-412a-b48f-21ec34e7b59d |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210819190445/https://ir.comscore.com/static-files/45b068e1-1cee-412a-b48f-21ec34e7b59d |archive-date=August 19, 2021 |access-date=January 23, 2023 |website=[[Comscore]] |page=3 |format=PDF}}</ref> Ka badirisi ba yone ba ba kgethegileng ba le didikadike di le masome a mane le bobedi le dikete di le makgolo a le boferabongwe (42.9), e ne ya nna mo maemong a boferabongwe, e feta ''The New York Times'' (maemo a lesome) le Apple (maemo a lesome le bongwe). <ref name="Comscore-2007" /> Se se ne sa tshwaya koketsego e e bonalang go feta Firikgong 2006, fa Wikipedia e ne e le mo maemong a bomasome a le mararo le boraro, ka badirisi ba kgethegileng ba le didikadike di le lesome le boferabobedi le dikete di le makgolo a le mararo ka (18.3 million). Ka 2014, e ne ya amogela dipono tsa ditsebe di le didikadike di le dikete tse di boferabobedi (8 billion) kgwedi le kgwedi. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Wikimedia Traffic Analysis Report&nbsp;– Wikipedia Page Views Per Country |url=https://stats.wikimedia.org/wikimedia/squids/SquidReportPageViewsPerCountryOverview.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111020212633/http://stats.wikimedia.org/wikimedia/squids/SquidReportPageViewsPerCountryOverview.htm |archive-date=October 20, 2011 |access-date=March 8, 2015 |publisher=Wikimedia Foundation}}</ref> Ka Tlhakole a le malatsi ae boferabongwe, 2014, ''The New York Times'' e ne ya bega gore Wikipedia e ne e na le &nbsp;dipono tsa ditsebe di le dikadikadike di le dikete tse dilesome le boferabobedi (18 billion) le badirisi ba ba kgethegileng ba le didikadike di le makgolo a le matlhano (500 million) ka kgwedi, "go ya ka ditekanyetso tsa comScore". <ref name="small screen">{{Cite news|last=Cohen|first=Noam|author-link=Noam Cohen|date=February 9, 2014|title=Wikipedia vs. the Small Screen|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/02/10/technology/wikipedia-vs-the-small-screen.html?_r=0|access-date=January 22, 2023}}</ref> Go ema ka Mopitlo 2023, e ne le mo maemong a borataro ka go tuma go ya kaSimilarweb.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Similarweb |title=Top Websites Ranking – Most Visited Websites In The World |url=https://www.similarweb.com/top-websites/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220210041116/https://www.similarweb.com/top-websites/ |archive-date=February 10, 2022 |access-date=March 4, 2023 |website=[[Similarweb]]}}</ref> Jeff Loveland le Joseph Reagle ba nganga gore, mo tsamaisong, Wikipedia e latela mokgwa wa tsela e e telele wa diensaetlolopedia tsa ditso tse di kokoantseng ditokafatso ka bonya ka bonya ka " go kokoanya ga stigmergy ". <ref name="sagepub WP and encyclopedic production 1">{{Cite journal |last=Loveland |first=Jeff |last2=Reagle |first2=Joseph |date=January 15, 2013 |title=Wikipedia and encyclopedic production |journal=New Media & Society |volume=15 |issue=8 |page=1294 |doi=10.1177/1461444812470428 |issn=1461-4448 |s2cid=27886998}}</ref> <ref name="theatlantic WP actually a reversion 1">{{Cite web |last=Rosen |first=Rebecca J. |date=January 30, 2013 |title=What If the Great Wikipedia 'Revolution' Was Actually a Reversion? |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2013/01/what-if-the-great-wikipedia-revolution-was-actually-a-reversion/272697 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221229051117/https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2013/01/what-if-the-great-wikipedia-revolution-was-actually-a-reversion/272697/ |archive-date=December 29, 2022 |access-date=February 9, 2013 |website=[[The Atlantic]]}}</ref> Ka Firikgong a le malatsi a le lesome le boferabobedi, ngwaga wa 2012, Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e ne ya nna le seabe mo motseletseleng wa ditshupetso tse di rulagantsweng kgatlhanong le melao e mebedi e e neng e tshitshintswe kwa Lekgotlaneng la United States — Molao wa go Emisa go Utswa bodiratsi/dikwalo mo mafaratlhatlheng (SOPA) le Molao wa PROTECT IP (PIPA)—ka go fifatsa ditsebe tsa yone dioura di le masome a mabedi le bone . <ref name="LA Times Jan 19">{{Cite news|title=Wikipedia: SOPA protest led eight million to look up reps in Congress|url=https://latimesblogs.latimes.com/technology/2012/01/wikipedia-sopa-blackout-congressional-representatives.html|access-date=March 6, 2012}}</ref> Batho ba feta didikadike di le lekgolo le le lengwe le masome a mabedi ba bone tsebe e e neng e tlhalosa go fifafatsa moo e e neng e tsere maemo a diteng tsa ensaetlolopedia nakwana e e seng ya sennela ruri. <ref name="BBC WP blackout protest 1">{{Cite news|title=Wikipedia joins blackout protest at US anti-piracy moves|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-16590585|access-date=January 19, 2012}}</ref> <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=SOPA/Blackoutpage |url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/SOPA/Blackoutpage |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622185443/https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/SOPA/Blackoutpage |archive-date=June 22, 2018 |access-date=January 19, 2012 |publisher=Wikimedia Foundation}}</ref> Ka Firikgong 2013, 274301 Wikipedia, e leng asteroid, e ne ya bidiwa ka Wikipedia; <ref>{{Cite news|last=Workman|first=Robert|date=January 5, 2013|title=Asteroid Re-Named 'Wikipedia'|work=[[Space.com]]|url=https://www.space.com/19643-asteroid-named-wikipedia.html|access-date=January 23, 2023}}</ref> ka Phalane 2014, Wikipedia e ne ya tlotlomatswa ka ''Sefikantswe sa Wikipedia'' ; <ref>{{Cite news|last=Katz|first=Leslie|date=October 27, 2014|title=A Wikipedia monument? It's true (we're pretty sure)|work=[[CNET]]|url=https://www.cnet.com/tech/services-and-software/a-wikipedia-monument-its-true-were-pretty-sure/|access-date=January 23, 2023}}</ref> mme, ka Phukwi 2015, ditshutiso tsa Wikipedia di le lekgolo le le lengwe le borataro (106) mo go tse di dikete di le bosupa le makgolo a le mane le masome a le bosupa le boraro (7 473) tse di nang le ditsebe di le makgolo a le masupa 700 di ne tsa nna teng e le Wikipedia e e Gatisitsweng . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sawers |first=Paul |date=June 18, 2015 |title=You can soon buy a 7,471-volume printed version of Wikipedia for $500,000 |url=https://venturebeat.com/business/you-can-soon-buy-a-7471-volume-printed-version-of-wikipedia-for-500000/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221017154940/https://venturebeat.com/business/you-can-soon-buy-a-7471-volume-printed-version-of-wikipedia-for-500000/ |archive-date=October 17, 2022 |access-date=January 24, 2023 |website=VentureBeat}}</ref> Ka Moranang 2019, sefofane sa Iseraele se se fologang mo ngweding, Beresheet, se ne sa wela mo godimo ga [[Ngwedi]] se tshotse dikhophi tsa dikwalo tsa Wikipedia ya sekgoa tsotlhe di gateletswe mo dipoleiting tse ditshesane tsa nikele; baitseanape ba re go ka direga gore dipoleiti tse di ne tsa seka tsa amega fa tiragalo e ya go wa ga sefofane e diragala. <ref name="WRD-20190805">{{Cite news|last=Oberhaus|first=Daniel|date=August 5, 2019|title=A Crashed Israeli Lunar Lander Spilled Tardigrades On The Moon|work=[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]]|url=https://www.wired.com/story/a-crashed-israeli-lunar-lander-spilled-tardigrades-on-the-moon/|access-date=August 6, 2019}}</ref> <ref name="VOX-20190806">{{Cite news|last=Resnick|first=Brian|title=Tardigrades, the toughest animals on Earth, have crash-landed on the moon&nbsp;– The tardigrade conquest of the solar system has begun.|url=https://www.vox.com/science-and-health/2019/8/6/20756844/tardigrade-moon-beresheet-arch-mission|date=August 6, 2019|work=[[Vox (website)|Vox]]|access-date=August 6, 2019}}</ref> Ka Seetebosigo 2019, baitseanape ba maranyane ba ne ba bega gore 16 GB otlhe wa dikwalo tse di tswang mo Wikipedia ya Sekgoa o tsentswe mo DNA ya maitirelo . <ref name="CNET-20190629">{{Cite news|last=Shankland|first=Stephen|date=June 29, 2019|title=Startup packs all 16&nbsp;GB of Wikipedia onto DNA strands to demonstrate new storage tech&nbsp;– Biological molecules will last a lot longer than the latest computer storage technology, Catalog believes.|work=[[CNET]]|url=https://www.cnet.com/news/startup-packs-all-16gb-wikipedia-onto-dna-strands-demonstrate-new-storage-tech/|access-date=August 15, 2023}}</ref> Ka Firikgong a le lesome le boferabobedi, 2023, Wikipedia e ne ya simolodisa webosaete e ntšha e e baakantsweng , e e bidiwang " Vector 2022 ". <ref name="Pearl-2023">{{Cite web |last=Pearl |first=Mike |date=January 18, 2023 |title=Yes, Wikipedia looks weird. Don't freak out. |url=https://mashable.com/article/new-wikipedia-redesign |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230120012235/https://mashable.com/article/new-wikipedia-redesign |archive-date=January 20, 2023 |access-date=January 23, 2023 |website=[[Mashable]]}}</ref> <ref name="Tech Desk-2023">{{Cite web |last=Tech Desk |date=January 18, 2023 |title=Wikipedia gets a facelift after 10 years: A look at new interface and features |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/technology/wikipedia-gets-a-facelift-after-10-years-a-look-at-new-interface-and-features/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230119054103/https://indianexpress.com/article/technology/wikipedia-gets-a-facelift-after-10-years-a-look-at-new-interface-and-features/ |archive-date=January 19, 2023 |access-date=January 22, 2023 |website=The Indian Express}}</ref> E ne e na le tsebe ya lenaneo e e tlhamilweng sesha, e sutisetsa tafole ya diteng kafa molemeng go e dira baara e e kafa thoko, le diphetogo di le dintsi fa go tobediwang teng go tlhopha tse o batlang go di dirisa jaaka sedirisiwa sa go tlhopha puo. <ref name="Tech Desk-2023" /> <ref group="W">{{Cite news|date=January 18, 2023|title=Wikipedia Gets a Fresh New Look: First Desktop Update in a Decade Puts Usability at the Forefront|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-a-fresh-new-look-first-desktop-update-in-a-decade-puts-usability-at-the-forefront/|access-date=January 22, 2023}}</ref> Ntšhafatso e e ne ya amogela tsibogo e e sa siamang kwa tshimologong, segolobogolo fa bakwadi botlhe ba Wikipedia ya Seswahili ba ne ba tlhopha go busetsa diphetogo morago. <ref name="Pearl-2023" /> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Rauwerda |first=Annie |date=January 18, 2023 |title=Wikipedia's Redesign Is Barely Noticeable. That's the Point. |url=https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/wikipedia-redesign-vector-2022-skin.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230120005241/https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/wikipedia-redesign-vector-2022-skin.html |archive-date=January 20, 2023 |access-date=January 23, 2023 |website=Slate Magazine}}</ref> Bobedi jo, Sanger le Wales ba ne tsenelela dipotsolotso tse di phatlalatsa kwa bokhutlong jwa 2025 ka ga dikakanyo tsa bone ka ga maemo le seemo sa Wikipedia, go fitlha go felela fa dingwageng tsa one tse di masome a mabedi le botlhano e ntse e le mo tirisong ka Firikgong a le lesome le botlhano, ngwaga wa 2026; Wales o ne a tlhagelela mo thulaganyong ya dikgang tsa PBS mo lenaneong la GZERO World e e neng e botsolodiwa ke Ian Bremmer mme Sanger o ne a tlhagelela mo Dikgannyeng tsa Fox, e e neng e botsolodiwa ke Ashley Rindsberg . Buka ya ga Wales ya ''Melao e e Supa ya go Ikanyega'' e ne ya gatisiwa ke Penguin Random House ka Phalane 2025 . E ne ya tlhalosiwa ke mogatisi jaaka "kakanyo e e tseneletseng ka ga mathata a lefatshe a go ikanyega le kitso" e le buka e e kanokang "melao ya go tshepana" e e letleletseng kgolo le katlego ya Wikipedia. <ref name="Penguin">{{Cite web |title=The Seven Rules of Trust |url=https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/734278/the-seven-rules-of-trust-by-jimmy-wales-with-dan-gardner/ |access-date=22 October 2025 |website=[[Penguin Random House]] |language=en}}</ref> === Ditlamorago tsa maranyane a botlhale jwa maiterelo (generative AI ) mo dipalong tsa dipono tsa ditsebe tsa Wikipedia === Fa e sa le ka Firikgong 2024, Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia o begile koketsego ya sephatlo mo lekgolong ya tiriso tsa dibandwith go tswa mo go bapaleng diteng tsa bobegakgang mo mananeong a one otlhe. Go ya ka mokgatlho yo, kgolo e e amana le mananeo a a iperekisang ka boone, kgotsa di-bot tsa " scraper ", tse di kokoanyang ditshutiso tsa kitso mo ditsebeng tsa Wikimedia gore di dirisiwe mo go katiseng didirisiwa tse ditona tsa puo le ditiro tse di amanang le tsone. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Weaver |first=Tanya |date=2025-04-04 |title=AI scraper bots putting costly strain on Wikimedia infrastructure |url=https://eandt.theiet.org/2025/04/04/ai-scraper-bots-are-putting-costly-strain-wikimedias-infrastructure |access-date=2025-10-22 |website=eandt.theiet.org}}</ref> Ka Phalane 2025, Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia o ne wa bega palo kakanyetso e le boferabobedi mo lekgolong ya phokotsego ya pharakano fa go bapisiwa le kgwedi e e tshwanang ka 2024 mo diponong tse di dirilweng ke batho. Ba bua gore se se bontsha tiriso ya Maranyane a botlhale jwa maitirelo le metswedi ya dikgang di sedimosa ka fa batho ba ratang go batla kitso/dikgang ka teng. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ha |first=Anthony |date=2025-10-18 |title=Wikipedia says traffic is falling due to AI search summaries and social video |url=https://techcrunch.com/2025/10/18/wikipedia-says-traffic-is-falling-due-to-ai-search-summaries-and-social-video/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251221202413/https://techcrunch.com/2025/10/18/wikipedia-says-traffic-is-falling-due-to-ai-search-summaries-and-social-video/ |archive-date=December 21, 2025 |access-date=2025-10-22 |website=TechCrunch}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Marshall |date=2025-10-17 |title=New User Trends on Wikipedia |url=https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/10/17/new-user-trends-on-wikipedia/ |access-date=2025-10-22 |website=Diff}}</ref> == Tirisanommogo ya bakwadi == [[File:History_Comparison_Example_(Vector).png|thumb|Dipharologano tse di gateletsweng mo dikwalong tsa setlhogo se le sengwe]] === Melawana === Ka ntlha ya go tuma ga Wikipedia mo go ntseng go oketsega, dikgatiso dingwe, di akaretsa le tsa Sekgoa, di simolodisitse melawana e e laolang go tlaleletsa dikwalo fa gongwe. Ka sekai, mo Wikipedia ya sekgoa le dikgatiso dingwe tsa dipuo, badirisi ba ba nang le diphetogo di le lesome tsa dikwalo mme gape ba na le malatsi a le mane e le badirisi ke bone fela ba ba ka dirang dikwalo tse disha. Mo Wikipedia ya Sekgoa, gareng ga tse dingwe, ditsebe tse di bakang dikganetsano thata, tse di masisi, kgotsa tse di nang le kgonagalo ya go senngwa di ile tsa sirelediwa ka selekanyo se se farologaneng. <ref>{{Cite news|last1=Hafner|first1=Katie|date=June 17, 2006|title=Growing Wikipedia Refines Its 'Anyone Can Edit' Policy|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/06/17/technology/17wiki.html|access-date=December 5, 2016}}</ref> Tsebe e e senngwang gantsi e ka nna "e e sireleditsweng bontlhabongwe" kgotsa "e e sireleditsweng e netefaditswe gape e atolositswe", se se rayang gore ke fela bakwadi ba ba "tlhomamisitsweng" kgotsa ba ba "netefaditsweng mo go atolositsweng" ba ka e fetolang. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=12–13}}Setlhogo se se bakang dikganetsano thata se ka nna sa lotlelwa gore e nne batsamaisi fela ba ba ka dirang diphetogo. Lekwalo la 2021 mo ''Columbia Journalism Review'' le ne la supa melawana ya Wikipedia ya go sireletsa ditsebe jaaka "gongwe tsela e e botlhokwa thata" e e nang le yone ya go "laola mmaraka wa yone wa megopolo". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Harrison |first=Stephen |last2=Benjakob |first2=Omer |date=January 14, 2021 |title=Wikipedia is twenty. It's time to start covering it better. |url=https://www.cjr.org/opinion/wikipedia-is-twenty-its-time-to-start-covering-it-better.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117150508/https://www.cjr.org/opinion/wikipedia-is-twenty-its-time-to-start-covering-it-better.php |archive-date=January 17, 2023 |access-date=January 15, 2021 |website=[[Columbia Journalism Review]]}}</ref> Wikipedia e abetse di- bot ditiro dingwe . tsamaiso ya algorithm ya mofuta yoo e bonolo go tsenngwa mo tirisong le go lekanyediwa, mme go gana go amogela diphetogo mo go itirisang (automated rejection ) go ka tswa go nnile le seabe mo go fokotsegeng ga bakwadi ba ba matlhagatlhaga ba Wikipedia. <ref name="Ren-2024">{{Cite journal |last=Ren |first=Yuqing |last2=Zhang |first2=Haifeng |last3=Kraut |first3=Robert E. |date=February 29, 2024 |title=How Did They Build the Free Encyclopedia? A Literature Review of Collaboration and Coordination among Wikipedia Editors |url=https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3617369 |url-status=live |journal=ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction |volume=31 |issue=1 |pages=1–48 |doi=10.1145/3617369 |issn=1073-0516 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240912194101/https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3617369 |archive-date=September 12, 2024 |access-date=September 12, 2024}}</ref> Di-bot di tshwanetse go amogelwa ke badirisi pele ga ditiro tsa tsone di tsenngwa mo tirisong. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|page=36}} Mo dikgannyeng tse dingwe, bakwadi botlhe ba letlelelwa go romela diphetogo, fela go tlhokega tshekatsheko mo bakwading bangwe, go lebilwe diemo dingwe. Ka sekai, Wikipedia ya Sejeremane e boloka "diphetolo tse di tlhomameng" tsa dikwalo tse di fentseng go tlhatlhobiwa mo go rileng. Morago ga diteko tse di tsereng nako e telele le dipuisano tsa badirisi, Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e ne ya tlhagisa thulaganyo ya "diphetogo tse di santseng di letilwe" ka Sedimonthole ngwaga wa 2012. <ref name="BInsider pending changes intro 1">{{Cite news|last=Henderson|first=William|date=December 10, 2012|title=Wikipedia Has Figured Out A New Way To Stop Vandals In Their Tracks|work=[[Insider Inc.|Business Insider]]|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/pending-changes-safeguard-on-wikipedia-2012-12|access-date=January 22, 2023}}</ref> Ka fa tlase ga thulaganyo ye, diphetogo tsa badirisi ba basha le ba ba sa kwadisiwang mo dikwalong dingwe tse di bakang dikganetsano kgotsa tse di nnang di senngwa di sekasekwa ke badirisi ba ba tlhomameng pele ga di gatisiwa. <ref>{{Cite news|last1=Frewin|first1=Jonathan|date=June 15, 2010|title=Wikipedia unlocks divisive pages for editing|journal=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/10312095|access-date=August 21, 2014}}</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, melawana ya go tlaleletsa dikwalo e fokotsa go nna le seabe ga bakwadi ga mmogo le maiteko a go kabakanya morafe wa badirisi. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ajmani |first=Leah |last2=Vincent |first2=Nicholas |last3=Chancellor |first3=Stevie |date=September 28, 2023 |title=Peer Produced Friction: How Page Protection on Wikipedia Affects Editor Engagement and Concentration |url=https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3610198 |url-status=live |journal=Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction |volume=7 |issue=CSCW2 |pages=1–33 |doi=10.1145/3610198 |issn=2573-0142 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240915061444/https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3610198 |archive-date=September 15, 2024 |access-date=September 15, 2024}}</ref> Dikwalo tse di amanang le kgotlhang ya Iseraele le Palestina di bewa ka fa tlase ga tshireletso e e atolositsweng e e netefaditsweng. <ref name="Harrison-2023">{{Cite news|last=Harrison|first=Stephen|date=October 26, 2023|title=Wikipedia Is Covering the War in Israel and Gaza Better Than X|url=https://slate.com/technology/2023/10/wikipedia-elon-musk-gaza-hamas-israel-x-twitter-dispute.html|access-date=December 20, 2023|work=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]|issn=1091-2339}}</ref> Bakwadi gape ba ka dira phetogo ya go boela morago mafoko a bone gangwe fela ka letsatsi go ralala ensaetlolopedia yotlhe mme ba ka thibelwa ruri go tlaleletsa dikwalo tse di amanang le yone. Melawana e e simolotswe ka 2008. <ref name="Benjakob-2020a">{{Cite news|last=Benjakob|first=Omer|date=October 4, 2020|title=The Second Intifada Still Rages on Wikipedia|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2020-10-04/ty-article/.highlight/the-second-intifada-still-rages-on-wikipedia/0000017f-e7fb-da9b-a1ff-efff2c230000|access-date=March 6, 2024|newspaper=[[Haaretz]]}}</ref> Ka Firikgong 2025, Komiti ya Katlholo e ne ya simolodisa "melawana e e lekalekanang ya go tlaleletsa dikwalo", e e tlhokang gore badirisi ba ba nang le dithibelo ba neele fela nngwetharong ya diphetolo tsa bone mo dikwalong tse di amanang le kgotlhang ya Iseraele le Palestina le fa go se na melao epe ya boitshwaro jo bo sa siamang e e robilweng. <ref name="Elia-Shalev-2025">{{Cite web |last=Elia-Shalev |first=Asaf |date=January 24, 2025 |title=Edit wars over Israel spur rare ban of 8 Wikipedia editors — from both sides |url=https://www.jta.org/2025/01/23/israel/edit-wars-over-israel-spur-rare-ban-of-8-wikipedia-editors-from-both-sides |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250610091420/https://www.jta.org/2025/01/23/israel/edit-wars-over-israel-spur-rare-ban-of-8-wikipedia-editors-from-both-sides |archive-date=June 10, 2025 |access-date=May 27, 2025 |website=[[Jewish Telegraphic Agency]]}}</ref> === Tshekatsheko ya diphetogo === [[File:Wikipedia_editing_interface.png|thumb|tsebe ya diphetolo ya Wikipedia]] Le fa diphetogo di sa sekasekwe ka thulaganyo, sofotewere ya Wikipedia e tlamela ka didirisiwa tse di letlelelang mongwe le mongwe go sekaseka diphetogo tse di dirilweng ke ba bangwe. Tsebe ya Ditso ya lekwalo lengwe le sengwe e golagana le diphetolo dingwe le dingwe tsa yone.{{efn|Revisions with libelous content, criminal threats, or copyright infringements may be removed completely.}} Mo dikwalong ka bontsi, mongwe le mongwe o ka lebelela diphetogo tse disha mme gape a baakanya diphetolo tsa ba bangwe ka go tobetsa kgokagano e e mo tsebeng ya Ditso tsa lekwalo la teng. Badirisi ba ba kwadisitsweng ba ka nna ba tlhokometse dikwalo tse di ba kgatlhang ka go nna le "lenaneo la ditebelelo" gore ba kgone go itsisiwe ka diphetogo. "Kanoko ya ditsebe tse disha" ke thulaganyo e mo go yone dikwalo tse di sa tswang go tlhamiwa di tlholwang go bona gore a di na le mathata a a bonalang. Ka 2003, moithuti wa setlankana sa PhD sa dithuto tsa itsholelo Andrea Ciffolilli o ne a bolela gore ditshenyegelo tse di kwa tlase tsa go nna le seabe mo wiki di ne tsa dira gore go nne le tlhabololo ya tirisanommogo, le gore dikarolo tsa mofuta yoo di ne di letlelela gore go nne motlhofo go bona diphetolo tse di fetileng tsa tsebe, mme go ne go thusa ka "dikatlholo tse di agang" go na le "dikatlholo tse di senyang". <ref name="FMonday collaborative effort 1">{{Cite journal |last=Ciffolilli |first=Andrea |date=December 2003 |title=Phantom authority, self-selective recruitment and retention of members in virtual communities: The case of Wikipedia |journal=First Monday |volume=8 |issue=12 |doi=10.5210/fm.v8i12.1108 |doi-access=free}}</ref> === Tshenyo === Phetogo epe e e tshosetsang go thokgama ga Wikipedia ka bomo e tsewa e le go senya. Mefuta e e tlwaelegileng thata e e bonalang ya go senya e akaretsa go oketsa ka dilo tse di fatlhang le metlae e e sa siamang; gape e ka akaretsa ipapatso le mefuta e mengwe ya spam. Ka dinako tse dingwe bakwadi ba senya dikwalo ka go tlosa diteng kgotsa go tsenya tsebe e e senang sepe gotlhelele. Mefuta e e sa tlwaelegang thata ya tshenyo, jaaka go tlaletsa dikwalo ka dikgang tse di utlwalang mme di se boammaaruri ka bomo, di ka nna dingalo thata go lemosega. Batho ba ba senyang dikwalo ba ka tsenya fomate e e sa amaneng le sepe, ba fetola motheo wa tsebe jaaka setlhogo sa tsebe kgotsa go aroganngwa ga yone ka ditlhopha, ba dirisa khoutu e e ka fa tlase ga lekwalo ka boferefere, kgotsa ba dirisa ditshwantsho ka tsela e e kgoreletsang. [[File:John_Seigenthaler_Sr._speaking.jpg|alt=White-haired elderly gentleman in suit and tie speaks at a podium.|left|thumb|Mmegadikgang wa MoAmerika John Seigenthaler (1927–2014), setlhogo sa tiragalo ya buka ya botshelo jwa ga Seigenthaler]] Tshenyo e e bonalang ka kakaretso e motlhofo go ka ntshiwa mo dikwalong tsa Wikipedia; nako ya bogare ya go e lemoga le go e baakanya ke metsotso e le mmalwa. Le fa go ntse jalo, tshenyo ye nngwe e tsaya lobaka thata go ka lemogwa le go baakanngwa. Mo tiragalong ya buka ya botshelo jwa ga Seigenthaler, mokwadi mongwe yo o neng a ipipile leina a sa itsiwe o ne a tsenya kgang ye e e seng boammaaruri mo lekwalong la botshelo jwa moeteledipele wa sepolotiki wa Amerika e bong John Seigenthaler ka Motsheganong 2005, a mo kaya mo go maaka jaaka mmelaelwa wa polao ya ga John F. Kennedy . E ne ya nna e sa baakanngwa dikgwedi di le nne. Seigenthaler, mookamedi yo o simolotseng ''USA Today'' le motlhami wa lekgotlana la kgololesego ya Lekalana la Phetolo ya Ntlha kwa Sekolo sa dithuto tse dikgolwane sa Vanderbilt, o ne a leletsa motlhami-mmogo wa Wikipedia e bong Jimmy Wales mme a mmotsa gore a o na le tsela epe ya go itse gore ke mang yo o tsentseng kgang ye e senang boammaaruri yeo. Wales o ne a re ga itse, le fa mong wa molato a ne a feleletsa a latedisiwa. <ref name="book The World is Flat 1">{{Cite book |last=Friedman |first=Thomas L. |year=2007 |title=The World is Flat |publisher=[[Farrar, Straus & Giroux]] |isbn=978-0-374-29278-2 |page=124}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Buchanan |first=Brian |date=November 17, 2006 |title=Founder shares cautionary tale of libel in cyberspace |url=https://archive.firstamendmentcenter.org/news.aspx?id=17798 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221140311/https://archive.firstamendmentcenter.org/news.aspx?id=17798 |archive-date=December 21, 2012 |access-date=November 17, 2012 |publisher=[[First Amendment Center]]}}</ref> Morago ga tiragalo e, Seigenthaler o ne a tlhalosa Wikipedia e le "sedirisiwa sa patlisiso se se nang le diphoso gape se sena maikarabelo". Tiragalo e e ne ya dira gore go dirwe diphetogo tsa melawana kwa Wikipedia tsa go gagamatsa go netefadiwa ga dikwalo tse di buang ka matshelo a batho ba ba tshelang. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Helm|first=Burt|title=Wikipedia: "A Work in Progress"|url=https://www.businessweek.com/stories/2005-12-13/wikipedia-a-work-in-progress|date=December 13, 2005|access-date=July 26, 2012}}</ref> === Dikganetsano le dintwa tsa go tlaleletsa dikwalo === Bakwadi ba Wikipedia gantsi ba na le go sa dumalane mabapi le diteng, tse di ka tlotliwang mo ditsebeng tsa Puisano tsa dikwalo. Dikganetsano di ka felela ka diphetogo tse di gaisanang gangwe le gape mo dikwalong, tse di bidiwang "ntwa ya go tlaleletsa". <ref name="NBC WP editorial warzone 12">{{Cite news|last=Coldewey|first=Devin|date=June 21, 2012|title=Wikipedia is editorial warzone, says study|department=Technology|work=[[NBC News]]|url=https://sys03-public.nbcnews.com/technology/wikipedia-editorial-warzone-says-study-838793|access-date=March 26, 2021|archivedate=August 26, 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826113318/http://sys03-public.nbcnews.com/technology/wikipedia-editorial-warzone-says-study-838793}}</ref> E bonwa ke botlhe jaaka seemo se se senyang didirisiwa mme go sena kitso epe e e mosola e e tsengwang, <ref>{{Cite book |last=Kalyanasundaram |first=Arun |date=December 2015 |title=2015 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC) |last2=Wei |first2=Wei |last3=Carley |first3=Kathleen M. |last4=Herbsleb |first4=James D. |publisher=IEEE |isbn=978-1-4673-9743-8 |location=Huntington Beach, CA |pages=276–287 |chapter=An agent-based model of edit wars in Wikipedia: How and when is consensus reached |citeseerx=10.1.1.715.2758 |doi=10.1109/WSC.2015.7408171}}</ref> gape e a kgalwa ka e tsewa e dira ngwao ya gore bakwadi ba nne le kgaisano e nang le kgotlhang <ref>{{Cite book |last=Suh |first=Bongwon |date=2009 |title=Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Wikis and Open Collaboration |last2=Convertino |first2=Gregorio |last3=Chi |first3=Ed H. |last4=Pirolli |first4=Peter |publisher=ACM Press |isbn=978-1-60558-730-1 |location=Orlando, FL |pages=1–10 |chapter=The singularity is not near |doi=10.1145/1641309.1641322 |doi-access=free}}</ref> se se amangwang le dikarolo tsa bong tsa banna tsa setso . <ref>{{Cite news|last=Torres|first=Nicole|date=June 2, 2016|title=Why Do So Few Women Edit Wikipedia?|url=https://hbr.org/2016/06/why-do-so-few-women-edit-wikipedia|access-date=August 20, 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bear |first=Julia B. |last2=Collier |first2=Benjamin |date=March 2016 |title=Where are the Women in Wikipedia? Understanding the Different Psychological Experiences of Men and Women in Wikipedia |journal=Sex Roles |volume=74 |issue=5–6 |pages=254–265 |doi=10.1007/s11199-015-0573-y |s2cid=146452625}}</ref> Dipatlisiso di itebagantse thata le, sekai, go tlhoka botho ka dikganetsano, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Khazraie |first=Marzieh |last2=Talebzadeh |first2=Hossein |date=February 7, 2020 |title="Wikipedia does NOT tolerate your babbling!": Impoliteness-induced conflict (resolution) in a polylogal collaborative online community of practice |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378216620300771 |url-status=live |journal=Journal of Pragmatics |volume=163 |pages=46–65 |doi=10.1016/j.pragma.2020.03.009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240914115833/https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378216620300771 |archive-date=September 14, 2024 |access-date=September 15, 2024}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Smirnov |first=Ivan |last2=Oprea |first2=Camelia |last3=Strohmaier |first3=Markus |date=December 1, 2023 |editor-last=Ognyanova |editor-first=Katherine |title=Toxic comments are associated with reduced activity of volunteer editors on Wikipedia |url=https://academic.oup.com/pnasnexus/article/doi/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad385/7457939 |url-status=live |journal=PNAS Nexus |volume=2 |issue=12 |doi=10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad385 |issn=2752-6542 |pmc=10697426 |pmid=38059265 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007101400/https://academic.oup.com/pnasnexus/article/doi/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad385/7457939 |archive-date=October 7, 2024 |access-date=September 15, 2024 |doi-access=free |article-number=pgad385}}</ref> tlhotlheletso ya dikampa tsa bakwadi tse di gaisanang, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lerner |first=Jürgen |last2=Lomi |first2=Alessandro |date=December 21, 2020 |title=The free encyclopedia that anyone can dispute: An analysis of the micro-structural dynamics of positive and negative relations in the production of contentious Wikipedia articles |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378873318300467 |url-status=live |journal=Social Networks |volume=60 |pages=11–25 |doi=10.1016/j.socnet.2018.12.003 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241126001010/https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378873318300467 |archive-date=November 26, 2024 |access-date=September 15, 2024}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Morris-O'Connor |first=Danielle A. |last2=Strotmann |first2=Andreas |last3=Zhao |first3=Dangzhi |date=April 4, 2023 |title=The colonization of Wikipedia: evidence from characteristic editing behaviors of warring camps |url=https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JD-04-2022-0090/full/html |url-status=live |journal=Journal of Documentation |volume=79 |issue=3 |pages=784–810 |doi=10.1108/JD-04-2022-0090 |issn=0022-0418 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231020151300/https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JD-04-2022-0090/full/html |archive-date=October 20, 2023 |access-date=November 14, 2023}}</ref> popego ya dipuisano, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ziembowicz |first=Karolina |last2=Roszczyńska-Kurasińska |first2=Magdalena |last3=Rychwalska |first3=Agnieszka |last4=Nowak |first4=Andrzej |date=October 3, 2022 |title=Predicting conflict-prone disputes using the structure of turn-taking: the case of Wikipedia |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1369118X.2021.1924224 |url-status=live |journal=Information, Communication & Society |volume=25 |issue=13 |pages=1987–2005 |doi=10.1080/1369118X.2021.1924224 |issn=1369-118X |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007091334/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1369118X.2021.1924224 |archive-date=October 7, 2024 |access-date=September 15, 2024}}</ref> le phetogo ya dikgotlhang go tlhoma mogopolo mo metsweding. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chhabra |first=Anamika |date=August 25, 2020 |title=Proceedings of the 16th International Symposium on Open Collaboration |last2=Kaur |first2=Rishemjit |last3=Iyengar |first3=S. R.S. |publisher=ACM |isbn=978-1-4503-8779-8 |pages=1–10 |chapter=Dynamics of Edit War Sequences in Wikipedia |doi=10.1145/3412569.3412585 |access-date=September 15, 2024 |chapter-url=https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3412569.3412585 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240915052238/https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3412569.3412585 |archive-date=September 15, 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="Ruprechter">{{Cite journal |last=Ruprechter |first=Thorsten |last2=Santos |first2=Tiago |last3=Helic |first3=Denis |date=September 9, 2020 |title=Relating Wikipedia article quality to edit behavior and link structure |journal=Applied Network Science |volume=5 |issue=1 |doi=10.1007/s41109-020-00305-y |issn=2364-8228 |doi-access=free |article-number=61}}</ref> Taha Yasseri wa Sekolo sa dithuto tse dikgolwane sa Oxford o ne a sekaseka dikgotlhang tsa go tlaleletsa/kwala dikwalo le go rarabololwa ga tsone mo patlisisong ya 2013. <ref name="Yasseri-2014">{{Cite book |last=Yasseri |first=Taha |author-link=Taha Yasseri |year=2014 |title=The Most Controversial Topics in Wikipedia: A Multilingual and Geographical Analysis |last2=Spoerri |first2=Anselm |last3=Graham |first3=Mark |last4=Kertész |first4=János |author-link4=János Kertész |publisher=Scarecrow Press |editor-last=Fichman, P. |doi=10.2139/SSRN.2269392 |ssrn=2269392 |editor-last2=Hara, N.}}</ref> Yasseri o ne a nganga gore go boela morago mo go bonolo fela kgotsa ditiro tsa "go dirolola" e ne e se selekanyo se se botlhokwa thata sa boitshwaro jo bo sa siamang jwa tiro kwa Wikipedia. O ne a ikaegile boemong jwa seo ka leano la "bakwadi ba le babedi ba bereka mmogo go boela ditlaleletso morago", le e leng gore mokwadi a le mongwe o tlaabo a busetsa morago go tlaleletsa ga mokwadi yo mongwe yo morago ga moo, ka tatelano, a boelang go busetsa tlaleletso ya mokwadi wa ntlha morago. Maduo a ne a tsenngwa mo lenaneong la diphetolelo di le mmalwa tsa dipuo tsa Wikipedia. Dikgotlhang tsa dipalo tse tharo tse di tona mo Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e ne e le tsa dikwalo tsa ga George W. Bush, botlhokapuso, le Muhammad . <ref name="Yasseri-2014" /> Fa go bapisiwa, mo Wikipedia ya Jeremane, dikgotlhang tsa dipalo tse tharo tse di tona ka nako ya patlisiso e ne e le tsa dikwalo tse di neng di bua ka Croatia, Scientology, le megopolo ka tiragalo ya 9/11 . <ref name="Yasseri-2014" /> Ka 2020, babatlisisi ba ne ba supa dikgato tse dingwe ka maitsholo a bakwadi, go feta go boela morago ditlaleletso ka bobedi, go supa dikgotlhang tsa go tlaleletsa dikwalo go ralala Wikipedia. <ref name="Ruprechter"/> Bakwadi gape ba ngangisana ka go phimolwa ga dikwalo mo Wikipedia, ka dingangisano tse di ntseng jalo di ka nna dikete di le makgolo a le matlhano fa e sa le Wikipedia e simololwa go tloga ka 2019. Fa lekwalo le sena go tlhophiwa go phimolwa, kganetsano gantsi e laolwa ke ditlhopo tsa ntlha (gore a le bolokwe kgotsa le phimolwe) le ka go umaka melawana ya tse di rileng tsa setlhogo. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mayfield |first=Elijah |last2=Black |first2=Alan W. |date=November 7, 2019 |title=Analyzing Wikipedia Deletion Debates with a Group Decision-Making Forecast Model |url=https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3359308 |url-status=live |journal=Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction |volume=3 |issue=CSCW |pages=1–26 |doi=10.1145/3359308 |issn=2573-0142 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240915025504/https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3359308 |archive-date=September 15, 2024 |access-date=September 15, 2024}}</ref> == Melao le diteng == Wikipedia e na le mafelo a maina a a farologaneng a le lesome le bongwe mme dikwalo tsa yone di teng mo ''lefelong la maremelelo'' . Mafelo a mangwe a maina a na le ketapele pele ga setlhogo sa tsebe ya one mme a diragatsa maikaelelo a a farologaneng. Sekai, lefelo la maina a lenaneo le o a dirisa ketapele ''ya Wikipedia'' mme gape le dirisediwa dipuisano tse di amanang le go ipusa. Bontsi jwa babadi ga ba itse ka mafelo a a mangwe a maina. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|page=3}} Melaometheo ya morafe wa badirisi ba Wikipedia e akareditswe mo "Dipilara tse Tlhano", fa melaometheo e e tseneletseng ya go tlaleletsa dikwalo e tlhagisiwa mo melaong le dikaedi tse dintsi tse di diretsweng go bopa diteng mo go tshwanetseng. Dipilara tse tlhano tseo ke: * Wikipedia ke ensaetlolopedia * Wikipedia e kwadilwe ka tsela e e sa tseyeng letlhakore * Diteng tsa Wikipedia ke tsa mahala tse mongwe le mongwe a ka di dirisang, a di tlaleletsa, le go di anamisa * Bakwadi ba Wikipedia ba tshwanetse go tshwarana ka tlotlo le maitseo * Wikipedia ga e na melao e e kgopo Melao e e tlhamilweng ke badirisi e bolokwa mo lefelong la maina la Wikipedia, mme bakwai ba Wikipedia ba kwala le go tlhabolola melao le dikaelo tsa webosaete go ya ka tumalano ya badirisi. <ref name="pcworld who's behind WP">{{Cite web |date=February 6, 2008 |title=Who's behind Wikipedia? |url=https://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/id;1866322157;fp;2;fpid;2 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080209110303/https://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/id%3B1866322157%3Bfp%3B2%3Bfpid%3B2 |archive-date=February 9, 2008 |access-date=February 7, 2008 |website=PC World |page=2}}</ref> Kwa tshimologong, melao ya dikgatiso tse e seng tsa Sekgoa tsa Wikipedia e ne e beilwe mo thanolong ya melao ya Wikipedia ya Sekgoa. Fa e sa le ka nako eo e ile ya fapoga golo gongwe. === Melao ya diteng le dikaelo === Go ya ka melao ya morafe wa badirisi ba Wikipedia ya Sekgoa, lekwalo lengwe le lengwe mo Wikipedia le tshwanetse go nna le setlhogo se se maleba go nna mo [[wiktionary:encyclopedic|ensaetlolopedia]] mme e se lekwalo le le kwadilweng kana le utlwalega jaaka buka ya tlhaloso ya mafoko. Setlhogo gape se tshwanetse go fitlhelela maemo a Wikipedia a "notability", se se rayang gore setlhogo se tshwanetse gore a bo se kile sa akarediwa thata mo metsweding e e ikanyegang e e ikemetseng ka nosi mo setlhogong sa lekwalo leo. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=53–54}}Wikipedia e ikaeletse go fetisa fela kitso e e setseng e tlhomilwe gape e lemogwa ka jalo ga e a tshwanela go tlhagisa dipatlisiso tsa ntlha tsa setlhogo sa palo. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|page=32}}Ditlhogo tsa dipalo tse dingwe, jaaka tsa mapolotiki le barutegi, di na le melwana e e kgethegileng. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=53–54}}La bofelo, Wikipedia e tshwanetse go supa karolo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore. Se se fitlhelelwa ka go soboka metswedi e e ikanyegang, go dirisa puo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore, le go tlhomamisa gore go tlhagisiwa dintlha tse dintsintsi go ikaegile ka gore di tlhagelela go le kana kang. Dikgang/kitso gape e tshwanetse gore a bo e ka netefadiwa. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=5–7}}Lekwalo le le senang dinopolo le ka nna la tshwaiwa kgotsa la phimolwa gotlhelele. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|page=33}}Se ka dinako tse dingwe se ka dira gore go phimolwe lekwalo(tshedimosetso) , le fa e le boammaaruri, e le gore ga e na metswedi sentle. <ref name="IHT WP valid info wrong removable 1">{{Cite news|last=Cohen|first=Noam|author-link=Noam Cohen|date=August 9, 2011|title=For inclusive mission, Wikipedia is told that written word goes only so far|page=18|newspaper=[[International Herald Tribune]]}}</ref> Jaaka fa melao ya Wikipedia e ntse e fetoga mo tsamaong ya nako, gape e nna dingalo, palo ya yone e ile ya gola. Ka 2008, go ne go na le ditsebe tsa melao di le masome a mane le bone le ditsebe tsa dikaelo di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a le mane le boferabobedi (248); ka 2013, barutegi ba ne ba bala ditsebe tsa melao di le makgolo a le mararo le masome a le boferabobedi le boraro (383) le ditsebe tsa dikaelo di le makgolo a le mane le masome a le mane le boferabongwe (449). <ref name="Ren-2024"/> == Tsamaiso/Puso == Puso ya ntlha ya Wikipedia e ne ya kopanya dikarolo tsa puso ya batho ka batho le tsa tatelano ya maemo fa nako e ntse e tsamaya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sanger |first=Larry |author-link=Larry Sanger |date=April 18, 2005 |title=The Early History of Nupedia and Wikipedia: A Memoir |url=https://features.slashdot.org/story/05/04/18/164213/the-early-history-of-nupedia-and-wikipedia-a-memoir |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090525051304/http://features.slashdot.org/features/05/04/18/164213.shtml |archive-date=May 25, 2009 |access-date=January 24, 2023 |website=[[Slashdot]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kostakis |first=Vasilis |date=March 2010 |title=Identifying and understanding the problems of Wikipedia's peer governance: The case of inclusionists versus deletionists |url=https://firstmonday.org/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/2613/2479 |url-status=live |journal=First Monday |volume=15 |issue=3 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210310125049/https://firstmonday.org/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/2613/2479 |archive-date=March 10, 2021 |access-date=March 26, 2021}}</ref> Lekwalo ga le tsewe e le la motlhami wa lone kgotsa mokwadi ope yo mongwe, le fa e le yo go buiwang ka ene (setlhogo) mo go lone. Bakwadi ba ba mo maemong a a siameng mo morafeng ww badirisi ba ka kopa ditshwanelo tse dingwe tsa bodirisi, se se ka ba nayang bokgoni jwa setegeniki jwa go dira ditiro dingwe tse di kgethegileng. Ditshwanelo dingwe tsa bodirisi di neelwa ka go itirisa (automatically), jaaka ditlhopha tse ''di netefaditsweng ka go itirisa'' le ''tse di netefaditsweng tse di atolositsweng'', fa dingwaga tsa akhaonte le diphetogo tsa dikwalo tse di batliwang di fitlhelelwa. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=12–13}} === Batsamaisi === Bakwadi ba ba nang le kitso ya bodirisi ba ka tlhopha go tsenelela ditlhopho tsa " botsamaisi ", jo bo akaretsang bokgoni jwa go phimola ditsebe kgotsa go di thibela gore di se ka tsa fetolwa mo dikgetseng tsa tshenyo e e masisi kgotsa dikgotlhang tsa dikwalo. Batsamaisi ga ba a tshwanela go nna le dithata dipe tse di kgethegileng tsa go dira ditshwetso; go na le seo, dithata tsa bone di lekanyeditswe thata mo go direng diphetogo tse di botlhokwa thata tsa mananeo mme ka jalo ga di letlelelwe bakwadi ba ba tlwaelesegileng, le go diragatsa dithibelo tse di ikaeletseng go thibela bakwadi ba ba kgoreletsang go dira diphetogo tse di senang mosola. <ref name=":6" group="W" /> Ka 2012, bakwadi ba le mmalwa ba ne ba nna batsamaisi fa ba bapisiwa le dingwaga tsa pele tsa Wikipedia, bontlhabongwe jwa lobaka la kgang e e le gore thulaganyo ya go tlhatlhoba batsamaisi ba ba ka nnang teng e ne e setse e gagametse thata. <ref name="Meyer-2012"/> Ka 2022, go ne ga nna le kopo e e neng ya baka dikganetsano thata ya botsamaisi ka ga maikutlo a ntlhopheng yo o neng a le kgatlhanong le Trump; kwa bofelong, ba ne ba newa botsamaisi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Harrison |first=Stephen |date=June 16, 2022 |title=Inside Wikipedia's Historic, Fiercely Contested "Election" |url=https://slate.com/technology/2022/06/wikipedia-administrator-election-tamzin.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220824123521/https://slate.com/technology/2022/06/wikipedia-administrator-election-tamzin.html |archive-date=August 24, 2022 |access-date=July 22, 2022 |website=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]}}</ref> === Tharabololo ya dikgotlhang === Mo tsamaong ya nako, Wikipedia e tlhamile thulaganyo ya go rarabolola dikgotlhang e e sa tlhomamang tota-tota. Go tlhomamisa tumalano gareng ga morafe wa badirisi, bakwadi ba ka tlhagisa dikgang kwa makgotlaneng a badirisi a a maleba, ba batla dikakgelo kwa ntle ka dikopo tsa maikutlo a boraro, kgotsa ba simolola dipuisano tsa morafe wa badirisi ka kakaretso, yo o bidiwang "kopo ya kakgelo", e mo go yone di-bot di tsenyang puisano eo mo lenaneong le le kopantsweng la dipuisano, mme bakwadi a bo ba lalediwa go tsaya karolo, mme morago ba sutlhe puisano eo mo lenaneong morago ga malatsi a le masome a boraro. Le fa go ntse jalo, bakwadi ba na le tshwanelo ya go tswala (le go sutlha) puisano eo pele kgotsa morago ga nako. Fa maduo a puisano a sa bonale sentle, mokwadi yo o gaufi yo o sa amegeng yo gantsi a leng mo maemong a a siameng a ka ntsha katlholo go ya ka maatla a mabaka a a ntshiwang le palo ya batho ba ba ngangisanang mo matlhakoreng otlhe. <ref name="Bandler-2024">{{Citation|last=Bandler|first=Aaron|date=June 21, 2024|title=Wikipedia Editors Label ADL Only Reliable for Antisemitism When 'Israel and Zionism Are Not Concerned'|url=https://jewishjournal.com/news/united-states/372532/wikipedia-editors-label-adl-only-reliable-for-antisemitism-when-israel-and-zionism-are-not-concerned/|access-date=May 3, 2025}}</ref> Badirisi ba Wikipedia ba gatelela gore thulaganyo e ga se go tlhopha ka go umaka dipego tsa maikutlo mo dipuisanong tseo jaaka "!vote", e mo go lone letshwao la kgakgamatso e leng letshwao la go ganetsa ka tsela e e utlwalang mme le bidiwa "nnyaa". <ref>{{Citation|last=Harrison|first=Stephen|title=Wikipedia's War on the Daily Mail|date=July 1, 2021|work=Slate|url=https://slate.com/technology/2021/07/wikipedia-daily-mail-generally-unreliable.html|access-date=May 13, 2025|issn=1091-2339}}</ref> Wikipedia e rotloetsa ditharabololo tsa dikgotlhang, tse Jemielniak a reng di kgethegile thata mo dithutong tsa mokgatlho, le fa go nnile le kgatlhego ya bosheng jaana mo go ageng tumalano mo lephateng le. <ref name="Jemielniak">{{Cite book |last=Jemielniak |first=Dariusz |year=2014 |title=Common Knowledge?: An Ethnography of Wikipedia |publisher=[[Stanford University Press]] |isbn=978-0-8047-9120-5 |location=Stanford, CA |doi=10.2307/j.ctvqsdrf9 |jstor=j.ctvqsdrf9}}</ref> Reagle le Sue Gardner ba nganga gore mekgwa ya go aga tumalano e tshwana le e e dirisiwang ke ba-Quakers . <ref name="Jemielniak" />{{Rp|page=62}}Pharologanyo le diphuthego tsa ba-Quaker ke go tlhoka motsamaisi fa go na le go sa dumalana, e leng seabe se se tshamekiwang ke mokwaledi mo diphuthegong tsa Ba-Quaker. <ref name="Jemielniak" />{{Rp|page=83}} ==== Komiti ya Katlholo ==== Komiti ya Katlholo e okametse thulaganyo ya bofelo ya tharabololo ya dikgotlhang. Le fa gantsi dikgotlhang di tsoga ka ntlha ya go sa dumalane ka megopolo e mebedi e e ganetsanang ka lekwalo le tshwanetseng go balega ka teng, Komiti ya Katlholo e gana tota ka go dira tshwetso ka tlhamalalo ka mogopolo yo o tshwanetseng go amogelwa. <ref name="Hoffman-2009">{{Cite journal |last=Hoffman |first=David A. |last2=Mehra |first2=Salil K. |date=March 5, 2009 |title=Wikitruth Through Wikiorder |url=https://scholarlycommons.law.emory.edu/elj/vol59/iss1/3/ |url-status=live |journal=Emory Law Journal |volume=59 |issue=1 |ssrn=1354424 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613214656/https://scholarlycommons.law.emory.edu/elj/vol59/iss1/3/ |archive-date=June 13, 2021 |access-date=November 15, 2024}}</ref> Ditshekatsheko tsa dipalopalo di supa gore komiti ya Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e itlhokomolosa diteng tsa dikgotlhang mme go na le moo e remelela thata mo goreng dikgotlhang di tsamaisiwe jang, e sa dire thata go rarabolola dikgotlhang le go dira kagiso fa gare ga bakwadi ba ba ganetsenang, mme e ntsha bakwadi ba ba dingalo e ntse e letla bakwadi ba tlhaga go boela go tsaya karolo gape. <ref name="Hoffman-2009"/> Ka jalo, komiti ga e laole diteng tsa dikwalo, le fa ka dinako tse dingwe e kgala diphetogo tsa diteng fa e tsaya gore diteng tse disha di tlola melao ya Wikipedia (sekai, fa diteng tse disha di tsewa di tsaya letlhakore).{{efn|The committee may directly rule that a content change is inappropriate, but may not directly rule that certain content is inappropriate.}} Ditharabololo tse di dirisiwang gantsi di akaretsa dikgalemo le go beewa leitlho thata( di dirisiwa mo dikgetseng di le masome a le marataro le boraro mo lekgolong (63%)) le go kobela ruri bakwadi mo dikwalong (masome a le mane le boraro mo lekgolong (43%)), dikgang tsa setlhogo (masome a le mabedi le boraro mo lekgolong (23%)), kgotsa mo Wikipedia (lesome le borataro mo lekgolong(16%)). <ref name="Hoffman-2009" /> Go kobelwa ruri mo go feletseng mo Wikipedia gantsi go beetswe fela dikgetse di tshwana le go ipaya o le motho yo mongwe le boitshwaro jwa go sa dirisana le batho ba bangwe sentle . Fa boitshwaro e se go ipaya o le motho yo mongwe kgotsa go nna kgatlhanong le go tshela sentle le batho ba bangwe, mme e le jwa dintwa tsa dikwalo le go roba melao e mengwe ya go tlaleletsa/kwala dikwalo, ditharabololo di na le go ema ka dikgalemo fela. <ref name="Hoffman-2009" /> == Morafe wa badirisi == [[File:Wikimania_-_the_Wikimentary.webm|start=00:04|thumbtime=00:16|thumb|Setshwantsho sa motshikinyego saWikimania 2005{{snd}}bokopano jwa ngwaga le ngwaga jwa badirisi ba Wikipedia le mananeo a mangwe a a tsamaisiwang ke [[Wikimedia Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]], o ne o tshwaretswe kwa Frankfurt am Main, kwa Jeremane, ka Phatwe a le malatsi a le mane go fitlhela a le boferabobedi.]] Lekwalo lengwe le lengwe le modirisi mongwe le mongwe wa Wikipedia o na le tsebe e a amanang le yone gape e e kgethegileng ya "puo". Dilo tse di bopa tsela ya konokono ya dipuisano gore bakwadi ba kgone go abelana megopolo, go rulaganya le go ngangisana. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Viégas |first=Fernanda B. |author-link=Fernanda B. Viégas |last2=Wattenberg |first2=Martin M. |author-link2=Martin M. Wattenberg |last3=Kriss |first3=Jesse |last4=van Ham |first4=Frank |date=January 3, 2007 |title=Talk Before You Type: Coordination in Wikipedia |url=https://www.research.ibm.com/visual/papers/wikipedia_coordination_final.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070205111038/https://www.research.ibm.com/visual/papers/wikipedia_coordination_final.pdf |archive-date=February 5, 2007 |access-date=June 27, 2008 |publisher=Visual Communication Lab, [[IBM Research]]}}</ref> Morafe wa Wikipedia o tlhalositswe fa o tswana le setlhopha sa bodumedi, <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2005/dec/15/wikipedia.web20|title=Log on and join in, but beware the web cults|first1=Charles|last1=Arthur|date=December 15, 2005|access-date=December 26, 2008}}</ref> le fa go sa tewe ka mekgwa e e sa lolamang fela ka dinako tsotlhe.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2003/TECH/internet/08/03/wikipedia/index.html|title=Wikipedia: The know-it-all Web site|first1=Kristie|last1=Lu Stout|publisher=CNN|date=August 4, 2003|access-date=December 26, 2008}}</ref> Go rata go nna seoposengwe ga one, le fa go tlhoka go mpampetsa mo go akaretsang go tlhokomologa dintlha tsa go itshupa, go biditswe " go nna kgatlhanong le go itseela kwa maemong a a kwa godimo " . <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=Sanger |first=Larry |author-link=Larry Sanger |date=December 31, 2004 |title=Why Wikipedia Must Jettison Its Anti-Elitism |url=https://www.kuro5hin.org/story/2004/12/30/142458/25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211101011352/http://www.kuro5hin.org/story/2004/12/30/142458/25 |archive-date=November 1, 2021 |access-date=March 26, 2021 |website=[[Kuro5hin]], Op–Ed |quote=There is a certain mindset associated with unmoderated Usenet groups [...] that infects the collectively-managed Wikipedia project: if you react strongly to trolling, that reflects poorly on you, not (necessarily) on the troll. If you [...] demand that something be done about constant disruption by trollish behavior, the other listmembers will cry "censorship", attack you, and even come to the defense of the troll. [...] The root problem: anti-elitism, or lack of respect for expertise. There is a deeper problem [...] which explains both of the above-elaborated problems. Namely, as a community, Wikipedia lacks the habit or tradition of respect for expertise. As a community, far from being elitist, it is anti-elitist (which, in this context, means that expertise is not accorded any special respect, and snubs and disrespect of expertise are tolerated). This is one of my failures: a policy that I attempted to institute in Wikipedia's first year, but for which I did not muster adequate support, was the policy of respecting and deferring politely to experts. (Those who were there will, I hope, remember that I tried very hard.)}}</ref> [[File:Editing_Hoxne_Hoard_at_the_British_Museum.ogv|right|thumb|Badiri ba Wikipedia le batlhokomedi ba [[Motlobo wa ditso wa Borithane]] ba dirisana mmogo mo lekwalong la Hoxne Hoard ka Seetebosigo 2010.]] Wikipedia ga e tlhoke gore bakwadi ba yone le ba na le seabe ba itshupe gore ke bomang. Fa Wikipedia e ntse e gola, potso ya "Ke mang yo o kwalang Wikipedia?" e ne ya nna nngwe ya dipotso tse di neng di botswa thata teng.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kittur |first=Aniket |year=2007 |title=CHI '07: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems |publisher=Viktoria Institute |chapter=Power of the Few vs. Wisdom of the Crowd: Wikipedia and the Rise of the Bourgeoisie |citeseerx=10.1.1.212.8218}}</ref> Jimmy Wales o kile a bolela gore ke fela "morafe&nbsp;... setlhopha se se ineetseng sa baithaopi ba le makgolo a le mmalwa" se se dirang bontsi jwa ditshwaelo mo Wikipedia le gore ka jalo lenaneo le "le tshwana fela le mokgatlho mongwe le mongwe yo o tlwaelesegileng". <ref name="blodget">{{Cite news|last=Blodget|first=Henry|date=January 3, 2009|title=Who The Hell Writes Wikipedia, Anyway?|work=[[Insider Inc.|Business Insider]]|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/2009/1/who-the-hell-writes-wikipedia-anyway|access-date=January 26, 2023}}</ref> Ka Wikipedia e ikaegile ka tiro ya boithaopo, bakwadi gantsi ba remelela mo dikgannyeng tse di ba kgatlhang. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=61–62}} Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e na le dikwalo di le didikadile di le bosupa le dikete di le makgolo a mabedi le boferabongwe le masome a le matlhano le bone ({{self-reference link|Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}}}), bakwadi ba ba kwadisitsweng ba le didikadike di le masome a matlhano le boraro le dikete di le makgolo a marataro le masome a le bosupa le botlhano le makgolo a le mararo le masome a le mane le bongwe ({{self-reference link|Special:ListUsers|{{NUMBEROFUSERS}}}}), le bakwadi ba ba ba tlhaga ba dinako tsotlhe ba le dikete di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a le mane le boferabongwe le makgolo a le mararo le masome a le boferabobedi le bosupa( {{self-reference link|Special:ActiveUsers|{{NUMBEROFACTIVEUSERS}}}} ). Mokwadi o tsewa a le tlhaga fa a dirile phetogo/tlaleletso e le nngwe kgotsa go feta mo malatsing a le masome a mararo a a fetileng. Bakwadi ba ba palelwang ke go sela morago mekgwa ya Wikipedia, e e tshwanang le go saena ditshwaelo tsa tsebe ya puisano, ba ka supa ka tlhamalalo gore ke batho ba ba tswang kwa ntle ga Wikipedia, mme se sa oketsa kgonagalo ya gore badirisi ba ba mo teng ga Wikipedia ba ka nna ba lebisa kgotsa ba fokotsa ditshwaelo tsa bone. Go nna modirisi yo o mo teng ga Wikipedia go akaretsa ditshenyegelo tse di sa reng sepe: motsaakarolo o solofetswe go ithuta dikhoutu tsa maranyane tse di rileng tsa Wikipedia, go ineela mo thulaganyong e ka dinako dingwe e leng dingalo ya go rarabolola dikgotlhang, le go ithuta "ngwao e e makatsang e e humileng metlae le dikakgelo tsa mo teng". <ref name="labor squeeze on WP 1" /> Bakwadi ba ba sa tseneng mo teng ga ensaetlolopedia ke " badirisi ba maemo a bobedi " mo Wikipedia ka tsela nngwe, <ref name="labor squeeze on WP 1">{{Cite journal |year=2010 |title=Wikipedia's Labor Squeeze and its Consequences |url=https://digitalcommons.law.scu.edu/facpubs/5/ |url-status=live |journal=Journal on Telecommunications and High Technology Law |volume=8 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230126220032/https://digitalcommons.law.scu.edu/facpubs/5/ |archive-date=January 26, 2023 |access-date=January 26, 2023 |via=Santa Clara Law Digital Commons}}</ref> ka gonne "batsayakarolo ba amogetswe semmuso ke maloko a morafe wa wiki, ba ba nang le kgatlhego e e tseneletseng mo go somareleng boleng jwa tiro e e ntshiwang, go lebilwe go nna le seabe ga bone mo go tswelelang", <ref name="legal edu and WP 1">{{Cite journal |date=March 2007 |title=Wikipedia and the Future of Legal Education |journal=Journal of Legal Education |publisher=[[Association of American Law Schools]] |volume=57 |issue=1 |pages=3–9 |jstor=42894005}}</ref> mme ditso tsa go nna le seabe tsa bakwadi ba ba sa itsiweng ba sa ikwadisa mme ba lemogwa ka . diaterese tsa bone fela ga di amane le mokwadi ope ka tlhomamo. <ref name="legal edu and WP 1" /> Bakwadi ba basha gantsi ba sokola go tlhaloganya marara a Wikipedia. Bakwadi ba ba nang le maitemogelo/kitso ba rotloediwa gore ba seka ba "tlhasela" badirisi ba ba sha gore ba kgone go dira mowa wa go amogela batho. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=10–11}} === Dipatlisiso === Patlisiso ya 2007 e e dirilweng ke babatlisisi go tswa kwa Dartmouth College e bone gore "badirisi ba ba sa itsiweng le ba ba sa tseyeng karolo thata mo Wikipedia&nbsp;... ke motswedi o o ikanyegang wa kitso fela jaaka badirisi ba ba ikwadisang mo saeteng e". <ref name="sciam good samaritans 1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?id=good-samaritans-are-on-the-money|title=Wikipedia "Good Samaritans" Are on the Money|work=Scientific American|date=October 19, 2007|access-date=December 26, 2008}}</ref> Jimmy Wales o boletse ka 2009 gore "[Go] bonala gore go feta sephatlo mo lekgolong (50%) ya diphetogo tsotlhe di dirwa ke 0.7% fela ya badirisi&nbsp;... Batho ba le makgolo a matlhano le masome a mabedi le bone&nbsp;... Mme tota, bobedi mo lekgolong (2%) e etlhaga thata, e leng batho ba le sekete le makgolo a mane , ba dirile 73.4% ya diphetogo tsotlhe." <ref name="blodget"/> Le fa go ntse jalo, morulaganyi wa ''Business Insider'' gape e le mmegadikgang Henry Blodget o bontshitse ka 2009 gore mo bontlhengbongwe jwa dikwalo tse di tlhophilweng fela go sena lenaneo, bontsi jwa diteng tsa Wikipedia (tse di lekanngwang ka selekanyo sa mokwalo o o tsentsweng o o sa ntseng o le teng go fitlha ka sampole ya bosheng) di tlhamilwe ke "batho ba ba tswang kwa ntle", fa bontsi jwa go kwala le go fomata go dirwa ke "badirisi ba ba mo teng". <ref name="blodget" /> Ka 2008, setlhogo sa bukana ya ditshwantsho le dikgang y''a Slate'' e ne ya bega gore "bongwe fela mo lekgolong la badirisi ba Wikipedia ke bone ba ba dirang mo e ka nnang sephatlo sa diphetogo tsa saete e." <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.slate.com/id/2184487|title=The Wisdom of the Chaperones|date=February 22, 2008|first=Chris|last=Wilson|work=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]|access-date=August 13, 2014}}</ref> Mokgwa o wa go sekaseka go tsaa karolo o ne wa ganetswa morago ke Aaron Swartz, yo o neng a lemotsha gore dikwalo di le mmalwa tse a neng a di tsaya disampole di ne di na le dikarolo tse ditona tsa diteng tsa tsone (tse di lekanngwang ka palo ya ditlhaka) tse di neng di dirilwe ke badirisi ba ba nang le dipalo tse di kwa tlase tsa bokwadi/go tlaleletsa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Swartz |first=Aaron |date=September 4, 2006 |title=Raw Thought: Who Writes Wikipedia? |url=https://www.aaronsw.com/weblog/whowriteswikipedia |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140803134036/https://www.aaronsw.com/weblog/whowriteswikipedia |archive-date=August 3, 2014 |access-date=February 23, 2008}}</ref> Thutopatlisiso ya 2008 e fitlhetse gore batho ba Wikipedia ba ne ba sa dumalane thata, ba sa bulegela megopolo, e bile ba se kelo-tlhoko go feta ba bangwe, <ref name="liebertonline view on WP users 1">{{Cite journal |last=Amichai-Hamburger |first=Yair |last2=Lamdan |first2=Naama |last3=Madiel |first3=Rinat |last4=Hayat |first4=Tsahi |year=2008 |title=Personality Characteristics of Wikipedia Members |journal=CyberPsychology & Behavior |publisher=Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. |volume=11 |issue=6 |pages=679–681 |doi=10.1089/cpb.2007.0225 |pmid=18954273}}</ref> le fa kakgelo morago e ne ya supa diphoso tse di masisi, di akaretsa gore phatliso e ne e supa go bulegela megopolo mo go kwa godimo le gore dipharologano tsa setlhopha sa taolo le disampole di ne di le dinnye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McGreal |first=Scott A. |date=March 11, 2013 |title=The Misunderstood Personality Profile of Wikipedia Members |url=https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/unique-everybody-else/201303/the-misunderstood-personality-profile-wikipedia-members |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230716155007/https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/blog/unique-everybody-else/201303/the-misunderstood-personality-profile-wikipedia-members |archive-date=July 16, 2023 |access-date=June 5, 2016 |website=[[Psychology Today]]}}</ref> Go ya ka patlisiso ya 2009, go na le "bosupi jwa kganetso e e golang go tswa mo morafeng wa badirisi ba Wikipedia mabapi le diteng tse disha". <ref name="newscientist WP boom to bust 1">{{Cite web |last=Giles |first=Jim |date=August 4, 2009 |title=After the boom, is Wikipedia heading for bust? |url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17554-after-the-boom-is-wikipedia-heading-for-bust.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150421215605/http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17554-after-the-boom-is-wikipedia-heading-for-bust.html |archive-date=April 21, 2015 |access-date=September 18, 2017 |website=New Scientist}}</ref> === Kabakanyo ya badirisi === Dipatlisiso di le mmalwa di supile gore bontsi jwa batsaakarolo ba ba ithaopileng mo Wikipedia ke banna. Maduo a patlisiso ya [[Wikimedia Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] ka 2008 a supile gore bakwadi ba Wikipedia ba le lesome le boraro mo lekgolong(13%) fela e ne e le basadi. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Cohen|first=Noam|author-link=Noam Cohen|title=Define Gender Gap? Look Up Wikipedia's Contributor List|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/31/business/media/31link.html?_r=0|work=The New York Times|date=January 31, 2011|access-date=October 28, 2013}}</ref> Ka ntlha ya se, dikolo tsa dithuto tse di kgolwane go ralala United States di ne tsa leka go kgothatsa basadi go nna batsaakarolo ba Wikipedia. <ref name="CBC News-2013" /> Ka tsela e e tshwanang, bontsi jwa dikolo tse di kgolwane tse, di akaretsa Yale le Brown, di ne di akgola baithuti ba ba tlhamang kgotsa ba ba tlaleletsa lekwalo le le amanang le basadi mo go tsa maranyane kgotsa mafaratlhatlha.<ref name="CBC News-2013">{{Cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/ocad-to-storm-wikipedia-this-fall-1.1412807|title=OCAD to 'Storm Wikipedia' this fall|work=CBC News|date=August 27, 2013|access-date=August 21, 2014}}</ref> Andrew Lih, morutintshi-mogolo gape e le mankge wa maranyane, o ne a re lebaka la go bo a ne a akanya gore palo ya banna ba ba nang le seabe e feta palo ya basadi thata ke ka gore go itshupa o le mosadi go ka nna ga dira gore motho a ipeye mo kotsing ya "boitshwaro jo bo maswe, jo bo tshosang". <ref name="Bloomberg 2016">{{Cite news|date=December 22, 2016|title=Is Wikipedia Woke?|work=Bloomberg Businessweek|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2016-12-22/how-woke-is-wikipedia-s-editorial-pool?|access-date=September 21, 2022}}</ref> Dipego di supile gore MaAforika a emetswe ke dipalo tse di kwa tlase tsa bakwadi mo Wikipedia. <ref name="memeb">{{Cite web |last=Walker |first=Andy |date=June 21, 2018 |title=The startling numbers behind Africa's Wikipedia knowledge gaps |url=https://memeburn.com/2018/06/wikipedia-wikimania-africa-numbers/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230319170357/http://memeburn.com/2018/06/wikipedia-wikimania-africa-numbers/ |archive-date=March 19, 2023 |access-date=January 26, 2023 |website=memeburn}}</ref> == Dikgatiso tsa dipuo == Mo bogompienong, go na le dikgatiso tsa dipuo di le makgolo a mararo le masome a mane le bosupa ({{NUMBEROF|active|Wikipedia}}) tsa Wikipedia (tse gape di bidiwang ''diphetolelo tsa puo'', kgotsa fela ''Wikipedias'' ). Go tloga ka {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}, di-Wikipedia tse thataro tse dikgolo, ka tatelano ya palo ya dikwalo, ke tsa Sekgoa ({{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|1}}), {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|2}}, Sejeremane {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|3}}, Sefora {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|4}}, {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|5}}, le {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|6}} . <ref name="WP list of WPs by article 1" group="W">{{Cite web |title=Wikipedia:List of Wikipedias |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias#All_Wikipedias_ordered_by_number_of_articles |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224190350/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias#All_Wikipedias_ordered_by_number_of_articles |archive-date=December 24, 2018 |access-date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTDAY}}, {{CURRENTYEAR}} |website=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki}}</ref> DiWikipedia tsa bobedi le ya botlhano ka botona di beilwe mo maemong ao ke bot e e tlhamang dikwalo ya Lsjbot, e ka go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2013 e neng e tlhamile dikwalo di tsamaela sephatlo mo Wikipedia ya Se-Swedish, le bontsi jwa dikwalo mo Wikipedia ya Se-Cebuano le ya Se-Waray . Dipuo tse ka bobedi ke tsa Philippines . Mo godimo ga tse thataro tse di kwa godimo, di-Wikipedia tse dingwe di le lesome le bobedi di na le dikwalo tse di fetang sedikadike nngwe le nngwe ya tsone ( Se{{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|7}}, Se{{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|8}}, Se{{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|9}}, Se{{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|10}}, {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|11}}, {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|12}}, {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|13}}, {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|14}}, {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|15}}, {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|20}} {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|16}}, {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|21}} {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|17}}, le {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|18}} ), tse dingwe di le bosupa go feta di na le dikwalo tse di fetang dikete di le makgolo a matlhano {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|22}}, {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|23}}, {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|24}}, le {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|25}} ), tse dingwe tse di masome a mane le bone ba di na le tse di fetang dikete di le lekgolo , mme di le masome a boferabobedi le bobedi di na le tse di fetang dikete di le lesome. <ref name="WP list of WPs by article 1" group="W"/> E e tona go gaisa, Wikipedia ya Sekgoa, e na le dikwalo di feta didikadike di le bosupa le dikete di le makgolo a mabedi (7.2 million). Go tloga go ema ka Firikgong 2021, Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e amogela masome a le mane le boferabobedi mo lekgolong (48%) ya pharakano e e kokoantsweng ya Wikipedia, mme palo e e setseng e kgaogantswe mo gareng ga dipuo tse dingwe. Dikgatiso tse di kwa godimo di le lesome di emela mo e ka nnang masome a le boferabobedi le botlhano mo lekgolong (85%) ya pharakano yotlhe. Ka Wikipedia e beilwe mo Webo ka jalo e le ya lefatshe ka bophara, batsaakarolo mo kgatisong e le nngwe ya puo ba ka nna ba dirisa diteme (tsa puo e le nngwe) tse di farologaneng kgotsa ba ka tswa ba tswa kwa mafatsheng a a farologaneng (jaaka go ntse ka kgatiso ya Sekgoa).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2026)">citation needed</span>'' &#x5D;</sup> Dipharologano tse di ka baka dikgotlhang dingwe ka ga dipharologano tsa go peleta (sekao, colour kgatlhanong ''le color'' ) <ref name="WP spelling MOS 1" group="W">{{Cite web |title=Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Spelling |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Spelling |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210104005104/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Spelling |archive-date=January 4, 2021 |access-date=November 6, 2023 |website=Wikipedia}}</ref> kgotsa matlhakore. <ref name="WP countering bias 1" group="W">{{Cite web |title=Wikipedia:WikiProject Countering systemic bias |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Countering_systemic_bias |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210104005153/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Countering_systemic_bias |archive-date=January 4, 2021 |access-date=December 11, 2023 |website=Wikipedia}}</ref> Le fa dikgatiso tse di farologaneng tsa dipuo di tshegetswa ka melao ya lefatshe lotlhe jaaka " pono e e sa tseyeng letlhakore ", di farologana mo dintlheng dingwe tsa melao le tiriso, segolobogolo mo go reng a ditshwantsho tse di sa newang teseletso ka kgololesego di ka dirisiwa ka maikaelelo a tiriso e e siameng . <ref name="WP meta fair use 1" group="W">{{Cite web |title=Non-free content |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Non-free_content |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230116024114/http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Non-free_content |archive-date=January 16, 2023 |access-date=January 27, 2023 |website=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki}}</ref> <ref name="IBM visual WP 1">{{Cite journal |last=Viégas |first=Fernanda B. |date=January 3, 2007 |title=The Visual Side of Wikipedia |url=https://www.research.ibm.com/visual/papers/viegas_hicss_visual_wikipedia.pdf |journal=Visual Communication Lab, IBM Research |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061024012919/https://www.research.ibm.com/visual/papers/viegas_hicss_visual_wikipedia.pdf |archive-date=October 24, 2006 |access-date=October 30, 2007}}</ref> Diteng tsa dikwalo tse di buang ka setlhogo se le sengwe di ka farologana thata magareng ga dipuo, go ikaegile ka gore bakwadi ba dirisa metswedi efe le mabaka a mangwe. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fians |first=Guilherme |date=September 16, 2025 |title=Wikipedia: Editing the narrative |url=https://www.ciol.org.uk/wikipedia-editing-narrative |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250924020710/https://www.ciol.org.uk/wikipedia-editing-narrative |archive-date=September 24, 2025 |access-date=September 27, 2025 |publisher=[[Chartered Institute of Linguists]]}}</ref> Jimmy Wales o tlhalositse Wikipedia jaaka "maiteko a go tlhama le go anamisa ensaetlolopedia ya mahala ya boleng jo bo kwa godimo jo kgonegang mo mothong mongwe le mongwe mo lefatsheng ka puo ya gagwe". Le fa kgatiso nngwe le nngwe ya puo e dira e ikemetse ilka nosi, go dirwa maiteko mangwe a go di okamela tsotlhe. Di golagantswe ka bontlhabongwe ke Meta-Wiki, le wiki ya Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia e e neetsweng go tlhokomela mananeo otlhe a yone (Wikipedia le a mangwe). <ref name="WP metawiki maintenance 1" group="W">{{Cite web |title=Meta-Wiki |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130714061722/https://meta.wikimedia.org/ |archive-date=July 14, 2013 |access-date=March 24, 2009 |publisher=Wikimedia Foundation}}</ref> Sekai, Meta-Wiki e fa dipalopalo tse di botlhokwa mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa puo tsa Wikipedia, <ref name="WP meta stats 1" group="W">{{Cite web |title=Meta-Wiki Statistics |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Statistics |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080326192946/http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Statistics |archive-date=March 26, 2008 |access-date=March 24, 2008 |publisher=Wikimedia Foundation}}</ref> gape e tlhokomela lenaneo la dikwalo tse Wikipedia nngwe le nngwe e tshwanetseng go nna le tsone. <ref name="WP meta articles on all sites 1" group="W">{{Cite web |title=List of articles every Wikipedia should have |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_articles_every_Wikipedia_should_have |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080321020418/http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_articles_every_Wikipedia_should_have |archive-date=March 21, 2008 |access-date=March 24, 2008 |publisher=Wikimedia Foundation}}</ref> Lenaneo le le amana le diteng tsa kwa tshimologong tsa dithuto: bayokerafi, ditso, dithuto tsa dipopego tsa lefatshe, tsa setšhaba, setso, maranyane, mafaratlhatlha, le dipalo. <ref name="WP meta articles on all sites 1" group="W" /> Ga go thona gore dikwalo tse di amanang thata le puo e e rileng di se ka tsa nna le tse di tshwanang le tsone mo kgatisong e nngwe. Sekai, dikwalo tse di buang ka ditoropo tse dinnye kwa United States di ka nna tsa nna teng fela ka Sekgoa, le fa di fitlhelela ditlhokego tse di kgethegileng tsa mananeo a Wikipedia tsa dipuo tse dingwe. [[File:User_-_demography.svg|thumb|Palo kakanyetso ya botsaakarolo go tswa mo dikgaolong tse di farologaneng mo lefatsheng lotlhe ka bophara go ya kwa dikgatisong tse di farologaneng tsa Wikipedia <ref name="PLoS One 2012" />]] Dikwalo tse di ranotsweng di emela fela karolo e nnye ya dikwalo mo dikgatisong di le dintsi, ka gore dikgatiso tseo ga di letlelele gore dikwalo di ranolwe ka botlalo mo go itirisang (automated). Dikwalo tse di leng teng ka dipuo tse di fetang bongwe di ka fa "dikgokagano tsa interwiki", tse di golaganyang le dikwalo tse di tshwanang le tsone mo dikgatisong tse dingwe. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Massa |first=Paolo |last2=Scrinzi |first2=Federico |date=January 4, 2013 |title=Manypedia: Comparing language points of view of Wikipedia communities |journal=[[First Monday (journal)|First Monday]] |volume=18 |issue=1 |doi=10.5210/fm.v18i1.3939 |doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Manual:Interwiki |url=https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Interwiki |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101203112631/https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Interwiki |archive-date=December 3, 2010 |access-date=January 27, 2023 |website=MediaWiki |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Thuto-patlisiso e e gatisitsweng ke ''PLOS One'' ka 2012 le yone e ne ya nna le palo kakanyetso ya dikarolo tsa go nna le seabe mo dikgatisong tse di farologaneng tsa Wikipedia go tswa kwa dikgaolong tse di farologaneng tsa lefatshe. E ne ya bega gore selekanyo sa diphetogo tse di dirilweng go tswa kwa Amerika Bokone e ne e le masome a le matlhano le bongwe mo lekgolong (51%) mo Wikipedia ya Sekgoa, le masome a le mabedi le botlhano mo lekgolong (25%) mo Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e e motlhofo . <ref name="PLoS One 2012">{{Cite journal |last=Yasseri |first=Taha |last2=Sumi |first2=Robert |last3=Kertész |first3=János |author-link3=János Kertész |date=January 17, 2012 |title=Circadian Patterns of Wikipedia Editorial Activity: A Demographic Analysis |journal=[[PLOS One]] |volume=7 |issue=1 |arxiv=1109.1746 |bibcode=2012PLoSO...730091Y |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0030091 |pmc=3260192 |pmid=22272279 |doi-access=free |article-number=e30091}}</ref> === Dipalo tsa bakwadi ba Wikipedia ya Sekgoa === Ka Mopitlo a rogwa, 2014, ''The Economist'', mo lekwalong la setlhogo sa "Isago ya Wikipedia", e ne ya umaka tshekatsheko e e amanang le tshedimosetso e e gatisitsweng ke Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia e e bolelang gore "palo ya bakwadi ba mofuta wa puo ya Sekgoa e wetse tlase ka nngwetharong mo dingwageng di le bosupa." <ref name="economist1">{{Cite news|date=March 1, 2014|title=The future of Wikipedia: WikiPeaks?|newspaper=The Economist|url=https://www.economist.com/news/international/21597959-popular-online-encyclopedia-must-work-out-what-next-wikipeaks|access-date=March 11, 2014}}</ref> Seelo sa go tlhokafala ga bakwadi ba ba tlhaga mo Wikipedia ya Sekgoa se ne sa umakiwa ke ''The Economist'' jaaka se se farologaneng thata le dipalopalo tsa Wikipedia e e mo dipuong tse dingwe (Wikipedia e e seng ya Sekgoa). ''The Economist'' e ne ya bega gore palo ya ba na le seabe ba ba nang le palogare ya diphetogo di le tlhano kgotsa go feta ka kgwedi e ne e eme golo go le gongwe fa e sale ka 2008 mo Wikipedia ya dipuo tse dingwe, e le bakwadi ba ka nna dikete di masome a mane le bobedi (42 000) mo gare ga dipharologano tse e seng tsa sepe tsa dipaka tsa bakwadi ba ka nna dikete di le pedi go ya kwa godimo kgotsa kwa tlase. Palo ya bakwadi ba ba tlhaga mo Wikipedia ya Sekgoa, fa e bapisiwa mo go tsepameng, e ne ya umakiwa e le kwa setlhoeng ka 2007 e tsamaela dikete di le masome a matlhano (50,000) mme ya wela kwa tlase go nna dikete di le masome a mararo (30,000) kwa tshimologong ya 2014. <ref name="economist1" /> Go farologana le seo, tshekatsheko ya Wikipedia ka dipuo tse dingwe (Wikipedia e e seng ya Sekgoa) e supa katlego mo go tshwareng bakwadi ba ba tlhaga ka tsela e e kgonang go ntšhwafadiwa le e e tswelelang, ka dipalo tsa bone di nna di sa fetoge di nna fela fa diketeng di le masome mane le bobedi. Ga gona kakgelo epe e e dirilweng mabapi le maemo a a farologaneng a melao ya bokwadi mo Wikipedia ka dipuo tse dingwe (Wikipedia e e seng ya Sekgoa) e ka ntshang tsela e nngwe e e kgonegang mo Wikipedia ya Sekgoa go tokafatsa sentle dielo tsa go tlhokafala ga bakwadi mo Wikipedia ya puo ya Sekgoa. <ref name="economist1"/> == Kamogelo == <sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia&action=edit &#x5B; tlhabolola &#x5D;]</sup> [[Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2014]] [[Category:All articles containing potentially dated statements]] <ref name="Jemielniak"/> Ba ba neng ba e sekaseka ba boletse gore Wikipedia e bontsha go tsaya letlhakore ka tsela e e sa siamang .Ka 2010, mokwadi wa ditlhogo le mmegadikgang Edwin Black o ne a tlhalosa Wikipedia e le motswako wa "boammaaruri, bonnete jo bo sa felelang, le maaka mangwe". <ref name="EdwinBlack">{{Cite news|first=Edwin|last=Black|author-link=Edwin Black|date=April 19, 2010|work=[[History News Network]]|publisher=[[Columbian College of Arts and Sciences]]|title=Wikipedia – The Dumbing Down of World Knowledge|url=https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/125437|access-date=October 21, 2014}}</ref> Metswedi e le mmalwa ya dikgang le baitseanape ba beile Wikipedia molato wa go tsaya letlhakore mo megopolong . Motlhami-mmogo wa Wikipedia Larry Sanger, yo o tlogetseng Wikipedia ka 2002 go tlhoma diwebosaete tse di gaisanang, o boletse gore Wikipedia e fetogile "maaka" e phatlalatsa dikgang tsa molema mo sepolotiking mme a tlhagisa gore lefelo le (Wikipedia) ga le sa tlhole le ikanyega.Ka 2022, molwela-kgololesego John Stossel o ne a ntsha mogopolo wa gore Wikipedia, lenaneo le a neng a le tshegetsa ka madi nako nngwe, go ne go lebega le fetogile thata mo tsamaong ya nako mo go tseyeng letlhakore la molema, segolobogolo mo dikgannyeng tsa sepolotiki. <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 27, 2022 |title=Wikipedia Bias |url=https://www.johnstossel.com/wikipedia-bias/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221209214140/https://www.johnstossel.com/wikipedia-bias/ |archive-date=December 9, 2022 |access-date=January 29, 2023 |website=StosselTV}}</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, beke e le nngwe morago ga go kobiwa ga ga Vibber, WMF e ne ya koba babereki ba le barataro fa e ntse e tswala [[Wikimedia Foundation|setlhopha sa yone sa Community Tech]], mme se sa gakatsa maiteko a go ithola marapo ga bakwadi le go feta. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Greis |first=Friedhelm |date=28 May 2026 |title=Nach Entlassung von Entwicklern: Wikipedia-Autoren drohen mit Streik |trans-title=After dismissal of developers Wikipedia writers threaten strike |url=https://www.golem.de/news/nach-entlassung-von-entwicklern-wikipedia-autoren-drohen-mit-streik-2605-209132.html |url-status=live |access-date=2026-06-15 |website=Golem.de |language=de}}</ref> Baokamedi ba WMF ba ne ba bolela gore babereki ba Community Tech ba ka dira dikopo tsa maemo a a farologaneng mo mokgatlhong, le gore thulaganyo ya lenaneo la dikeletso e tla rulaganngwa sesha, gape gore WMF e tla amogela lekgotlana le le bonang tshegetso e bontsi go tswa mo babereking. Ba bangwe ba ne ba tshwaya diphoso ka tsela e e tshwanang. <ref name="Orlowski2005">{{Cite news|last=Orlowski|first=Andrew|date=December 16, 2005|title=Wikipedia science 31% more cronky than Britannica's Excellent for Klingon science, though|url=https://www.theregister.com/2005/12/16/wikipedia_britannica_science_comparison/|access-date=February 25, 2019}}</ref> Moitseanape wa tsa Itsholelo Tyler Cowen o ne a kwala jaana: "Fa ke ne ke ka tshwanelwa ke go akanyetsa gore a Wikipedia kgotsa setlhogo sa lekwalodikgang se se buang ka itsholelo se ka tswa se le boammaaruri morago ga go akanya ka lobaka lo loleele, ke ne ke tla tlhopha Wikipedia." O akgela ka gore metswedi mengwe ya setso ya dibuka tse e seng tsa dipolelo di na le go tlhoka tekatekano ga thulaganyo, mme maduo a padi tse, go ya ka kakanyo ya gagwe, di begwa go feta selekanyo mo dikwalong tsa dibukana tsa ditshwantsho mmogo le tshedimosetso e botlhokwa e e sa feleletsweng mo dipegong tsa dikgang. Amy Bruckman o nganga gore, ka ntlha ya palo ya basekaseki, "diteng tsa tsebe e e tlwaelesegileng ya Wikipedia tota ke mofuta o o ikanyegang go gaisa wa tshedimosetso o o kileng wa tlhamiwa". <ref name="PC 2021">{{Cite news|last=Stuart|first=S.C.|title=Wikipedia: The Most Reliable Source on the Internet?|url=https://www.pcmag.com/news/wikipedia-the-most-reliable-source-on-the-internet}}</ref> Ka Lwetse 2022, mmegadikgang wa ''The Sydney Morning Herald'' e bong Liam Mannix o ne a bolela gore: "Ga go na lebaka la go solofela gore Wikipedia e nnete .&nbsp;... Mme le fa go ntse jalo e nnete [go ntse jalo]." Batshwayadiphoso ba bolela gore go bo Wikipedia e bulegile le go tlhoka metswedi e e siameng ya bontsi jwa tshedimosetso/kitso go dira gore e se ka ya ikanyega. <ref name="TNY reliability issues 1">{{Cite news|last=Schiff|first=Stacy|author-link=Stacy Schiff|date=July 23, 2006|title=Know It All|magazine=[[The New Yorker]]|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2006/07/31/know-it-all|access-date=January 29, 2023}}</ref> Go tsibogela kgang ya bakwadi ba ba duelwang go bua ka dikgang dingwe le dikgang tsa go bokwadi tse di sa senolwang, Wikipedia e ne ya bega mo lekwalong mo ''The Wall Street Journal'' gore e ne ya nonotsha melao ya yone kgatlhanong le go kwalwa/tlaleletsa mo go sa senolwang. <ref name="Elder-2014">{{Cite news|date=June 16, 2014|title=Wikipedia Strengthens Rules Against Undisclosed Editing|magazine=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/BL-DGB-35861|access-date=January 29, 2023}}</ref> Wales o gatelela gore diensaetlolopedia tsa mofuta ope fela gantsi ga di a tshwanela go dirisiwa jaaka metswedi e e ka umakiwang, mme ga go a tshwanela go ikaegiwa ka tsone. Setlhopha sa tekeletso se ne sa laelwa go ithuta pele ga ba tla mo ntlwaneng ya borutelo le go bona ditshwaelo ka bonako pele ga ba tsena (mofuta wa ntlwana ya borutelo e e fetotsweng), fa setlhopha sa taolo se ne sa newa ditaelo tse di tlhamaletseng mo ntlwaneng ya borutelo (mofuta o o tlwaelegileng wa mo ntlwaneng ya borutelo). Morago ga moo ditlhopha tse di ne tsa laelwa go dirisana mmogo go tlhama dikwalo tsa Wikipedia, tse di neng di tla bewa matshwao go ya ka boleng morago ga dithutopatlisiso. Ka Mopitlo a le malatsi a le matlhano, 2014, Julie Beck, fa a ne a kwalela bukana ya ditshwantsho ya ''The Atlantic'' mo lekwalong le le bidiwang "Motswedi wa #1 wa Dingaka wa Tshedimosetso ya Tlhokomelo le Botsogo: Wikipedia", o ne a bolela gore "sephatlo mo lekgolong sa dingaka di batla tlhaloso ya malwetsi mo saeteng ya (Wikipedia), mme bangwe ba kwala dikwalo tse ka bobone go tokafatsa boleng jwa tshedimosetso e e leng teng." Mo lekwalong le le latelang mo ''The Atlantic'' la Motsheganong a le malatsi a bosupa, ka ngwaga wa 2014, setlhogo se ne se re "A Wikipedia e ka Tsamaya e Nna Mokwalo o o Tlhomameng wa Kalafi?", Julie Beck o ne a nopola mafoko a ga James Heilman wa WikiProject Medicine a re: "Gore fela dikgokedi tsa kitso di sekasekilwe ke balekane ga go reye gore ke tsa boleng jo bo kwa godimo." Beck o ne a oketsa a re: "Wikipedia e na le thulaganyo ya yone ya go sekaseka ga balekane pele ga dikwalo di ka tlhaolwa jaaka tse di 'siameng' kgotsa tse di 'tlhagisiwang'. Heilman, yo o kileng a nna le seabe mo thulaganyong eo pele, a re kwa tlase ga 'bongwe mo lekgolong' jwa dikwalo tsa kalafi tsa Wikipedia di ne tsa atlega." <ref name="theatlantic.com" /> === Go akaretsa ditlhogo le go tsaya letlhakore === Wikipedia e batla go tlhama tshoboko ya kitso yotlhe ya batho ka sebopego sa ensaetlolopedia ya mo inthaneteng, ka setlhogo sengwe le sengwe se akareditswe ka ensaetlolipedia mo lekwalong le le lengwe. E re ka e na le di-terabyte tsa mafelo a go baya mo disiking, e ka nna le ditlhogo tse dintsi thata go feta tse di ka akarediwang ke ensaetlolopedia epe e e gatisitsweng . Selekanyo se se tlhomameng le mokgwa wa go akaretsa ditlhogo mo Wikipedia o nna o sekasekwa ke bakwadii ba yone, mme go sa dumalane ga go tlwaelesega (bona go phimola le go akaretsa ). <ref name="Economist disagreements not uncommon">{{Cite news|date=March 6, 2008|title=The battle for Wikipedia's soul|newspaper=The Economist|url=https://www.economist.com/printedition/displaystory.cfm?story_id=10789354|access-date=March 7, 2008|issn=0013-0613}}</ref> <ref name="telegraph WP torn apart 1">{{Cite news|title=Wikipedia: an online encyclopedia torn apart|newspaper=The Daily Telegraph|date=November 10, 2007|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/3354752/Wikipedia-an-online-encyclopedia-torn-apart.html|access-date=November 23, 2010}}</ref> Wikipedia e na le dilo tse batho bangwe ba ka nnang ba di fitlhela di sa amogelesege, di kgopisa kgotsa di na le ditshwantsho tse di fatlhang tsa tlhakanelo dikobo. Molao wa gore "Wikipedia ga e bipe" ka dinako tse dingwe e itshupile e tsosa dikganetsano: ka 2008, Wikipedia e ne ya gana boikuelo jwa mo inthaneteng kgatlhanong le go akarediwa ga ditshwantsho tsa ga Muhammad mo kgatisong ya Sekgoa ya lekwalo la yone la ga Muhammad, go nopotswe molao o. <ref>{{Cite news|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230130231600/https://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/05/books/05wiki.html|date=February 5, 2008|title=Wikipedia Islam Entry Is Criticized|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/05/books/05wiki.html|access-date=January 30, 2023|issn=0362-4331|archivedate=January 30, 2023}}</ref> Go nna teng ga ditshwantsho tse di fatlhang tsa tlhakanelo dikobo, ga mmogo le dilo tse di masisi tsa sepolotiki le bodumedi mo Wikipedia go dirile gore di bipiwe ke balaodi ba bosetšhaba kwa China le Pakistan, gareng ga mafatshe a mangwe. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moon |first=Mariella |date=March 12, 2022 |title=Prominent editor of Russian Wikipedia pages detained in Belarus |url=https://www.yahoo.com/now/mark-bernstein-russian-wikipedia-pages-detained-in-belarus-104102452.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220313173559/https://www.yahoo.com/now/mark-bernstein-russian-wikipedia-pages-detained-in-belarus-104102452.html |archive-date=March 13, 2022 |access-date=January 30, 2023 |website=[[Yahoo! Inc. (2017–present)|Yahoo!]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Arthur |first=Charles |date=December 8, 2008 |title=Wikipedia row escalates as internet watchdog considers censoring Amazon US over Scorpions image |url=http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2008/dec/08/amazon-internet-censorship-iwf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210114545/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2008/dec/08/amazon-internet-censorship-iwf |archive-date=February 10, 2023 |access-date=January 30, 2023 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> Ka thulaganyo ya yone ya "Wikipedia e Rata Metlobo ya dibuka", Wikipedia e dirisane mmogo le metlobo ya dibuka e metona ya setšhaba di tshwana le Motlobo wa dibuka wa Setšhaba wa New York wa dithuto tsa bodiragatsi go atolosa go akaretsa ga yone ditlhogo le dikwalo tse di sa emelwang sentle. <ref name="NYT subjects and articles">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/21/theater/editing-wikipedia-at-the-new-york-public-library-for-the-performing-arts.html|title=Wikipedia's Deep Dive Into a Library Collection|last=Petrusich|first=Amanda|work=The New York Times|date=October 20, 2011|access-date=October 28, 2011}}</ref> Patlisiso nngwe ya 2011 e e dirilweng ke babatlisisi kwa Sekolo sa dithuto tse di kgolwane sa Minnesota e bontshitse gore bakwadi ba banna le ba basadi ba remelela mo dikgannyeng tse di farologaneng tsa bokwadi. Go ne go na le basadi ba le bantsi mo setlhopheng sa "batho le dithuto ysa bodiragatsi", fa banna ba ne ba remelela thata mo tsa "lefatshe le maranyane". Mokwadi mongwe wa ''The Guardian'' ka 2014 o ne a bolela gore go dirilwe maiteko a mantsi go tlamela ka dikgokedi tsa kitso tsa lenaneo la badiragatsi ba basadi ba ditshwantsho tsa tlhakanelo dikobo go na le lenaneo la bakwadi ba basadi . <ref name="GuardianAugust2014">{{Cite news|date=August 7, 2018|title=The Guardian view on Wikipedia: evolving truth|work=[[The Guardian]]|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/aug/07/guardian-view-wikipedia-evolving-truth|access-date=January 31, 2023}}</ref> ==== Go tsaya letlhakore ga thulaganyo ==== Melao ya Wikipedia e ka nna ya lekanyetsa "bokgoni jwa yone jwa go emela kitso ya lefatshe lotlhe ka boammaaruri". Ka sekai, Wikipedia e tsaya fela metswedi e e gatisitsweng e le e e ka ikanngwang. Kitso ya molomo ya ditso tsa Setso ga se ka metlha e bonalang mo dikgatisong. Ditlhogo tse di kgaphetsweng kwa thoko le tsone di ka tlhoka go akarediwa thata mo metsweding e e ikanyegang. Ka jalo diteng tsa Wikipedia di lekanyeditswe ka ntlha ya go tlhoka tekatekano mo go tona ga thulaganyo. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=37, 38, 47}} Dithuto tsa thuto tsa Wikipedia di bontshitse gore palogare ya motsaakarolo mo Wikipedia ya Sekgoa ke monna yo mosweu wa Lekgoa yo o rutegileng, yo o nang le tshekamelo ya gore ke lekgoa la monna, wa dingwaga di le lesome le botlhano go ya kwa go di masome a mane le boferabongwe (15–49), go tswa kwa lefatsheng le le tlhabologileng, le bontsi jwa yone e leng la Bokeresete. <ref name="Livingstone2010">{{Cite journal |last=Livingstone |first=Randall M. |date=November 23, 2010 |title=Let's Leave the Bias to the Mainstream Media: A Wikipedia Community Fighting for Information Neutrality |url=https://www.journal.media-culture.org.au/index.php/mcjournal/article/view/315 |url-status=live |journal=M/C Journal |volume=13 |issue=6 |doi=10.5204/mcj.315 |issn=1441-2616 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221121135911/https://www.journal.media-culture.org.au/index.php/mcjournal/article/view/315 |archive-date=November 21, 2022 |access-date=November 23, 2022 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Ntlha ya pono e e tsamaelanang (POV) e emetswe go feta selekanyo. <ref name="Hube2017">{{Cite book |last=Hube |first=Christoph |date=April 3, 2017 |title=Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on World Wide Web Companion – WWW '17 Companion |publisher=International World Wide Web Conferences Steering Committee |isbn=978-1-4503-4914-7 |location=Republic and Canton of Geneva, CHE |pages=717–721 |chapter=Bias in Wikipedia |doi=10.1145/3041021.3053375 |chapter-url=https://doi.org/10.1145/3041021.3053375}}</ref> <ref name="Bjork-James-2021">{{Cite journal |last=Bjork-James |first=Carwil |date=July 3, 2021 |title=New maps for an inclusive Wikipedia: decolonial scholarship and strategies to counter systemic bias |journal=New Review of Hypermedia and Multimedia |volume=27 |issue=3 |pages=207–228 |bibcode=2021NRvHM..27..207B |doi=10.1080/13614568.2020.1865463 |s2cid=234286415}}</ref> Go tlhoka tekatekano mo ga dipalopalo tsa bakwadi go felela go baka gore go nne le go tlhoka tekatekano mo setsong, mo go tseyeng letlhakore mo go tsa bong, le mo Wikipedia . <ref name="Ackerly-2022">{{Cite journal |last=Ackerly |first=Brooke A. |last2=Michelitch |first2=Kristin |date=2022 |title=Wikipedia and Political Science: Addressing Systematic Biases with Student Initiatives |journal=PS: Political Science & Politics |volume=55 |issue=2 |pages=429–433 |doi=10.1017/S1049096521001463 |s2cid=247795102 |doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book |last=Beytía |first=Pablo |date=April 20, 2020 |title=Companion Proceedings of the Web Conference 2020 |publisher=Association for Computing Machinery |isbn=978-1-4503-7024-0 |series=WWW '20 |location=New York |pages=806–810 |chapter=The Positioning Matters |doi=10.1145/3366424.3383569 |access-date=May 8, 2023 |chapter-url=https://doi.org/10.1145/3366424.3383569 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240428132221/https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3366424.3383569 |archive-date=April 28, 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref> Go na le mefuta e mebedi e e anameng ya go tsaya letlhakore, e e ''sa tlhamalalang'' (fa setlhogo se tlogetswe) le ''e e tlhamaletseng'' (fa POV e e rileng e emetswe go feta selekanyo mo lekwalong kgotsa ke dikgokedi tsa kitso). <ref name="Hube2017" /> Ditshekatsheko tsa barutegi tsa dikwalo tsa Wikipedia di fitlhetse gore le fa dikwalo di nna di le nnete bile di se na tshedimosetso e e fapogileng, ga di a felela e bile ga di tlhagise dipono tsotlhe ka tsela e e sa tseyeng letlhakore . <ref name="Ackerly-2022"/> Ka 2011, Wales o ne a bolela gore go sa lekalekane ga kakaretso ya ditlhogo ke sesupo sa palo ya bakwadi, a nopola ka sekai "dibuka tsa botshelo tsa basadi ba ba tumileng mo ditsong le dintlha tse di amanang le tlhokomelo ya bana ba ba sa ntseng ba le bannye". <ref name="wiki-women"/> Padi ya Phalane a le malatsi a masome a mabedi, 2013, e e kwadilweng ke Tom Simonite mo ''Tlhatlhobong ya Maranyane'' ya MIT ya setlhogo se se reng " Go wela tlase ga Wikipedia " e ne ya bua ka ditlamorago tsa go tsaya letlhakore ga thulaganyo le go fokotsega ga melawana mo [[Wikipedia|go fokotsegeng ga palo ya bakwadi]] . <ref name="Simonite-2013"/> Patlisiso e e dirilweng ke Mark Graham wa Lefelo la Inthanete la Oxford ka 2009 e bontshitse gore go anamisiwa ga ditlhogo tsa dikwalo go ya ka mafelo ga go lekalekane thata, mme Aforika ke yone e e sa emelwang sentle. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Graham |first=Mark |date=November 12, 2009 |title=Mapping the Geographies of Wikipedia Content |url=https://zerogeography.net/post/144973716228/mapping-the-geographies-of-wikipedia-content |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161002051150/https://zerogeography.net/post/144973716228/mapping-the-geographies-of-wikipedia-content |archive-date=October 2, 2016 |website=Zerogeography}}</ref> Mo dikgatisong di le masome a mararo tsa dipuo tsa Wikipedia, dikwalo le dikarolo tsa ditso ka kakaretso di ikaegile ka Yuropa mme di remeletse mo ditiragalong tsa bosheng. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Strohmaier |first=Markus |date=March 6, 2017 |title=Multilingual historical narratives on Wikipedia |url=https://search.gesis.org/research_data/SDN-10.7802-1411?doi=10.7802/1411 |publisher=[[GESIS – Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences]] |chapter=KAT50 Society, Culture |doi=10.7802/1411 |quote=Wikipedia narratives about national histories (i) are skewed towards more recent events (recency bias) and (ii) are distributed unevenly across the continents with significant focus on the history of European countries (Eurocentric bias). |access-date=January 31, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230131023846/https://search.gesis.org/research_data/SDN-10.7802-1411?doi=10.7802/1411 |archive-date=January 31, 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> === Diteng tse di masisi === Wikipedia e ile ya kgalwa ka ntlha ya go letlelela tshedimosetso ka ga diteng tse di botlha thata. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Maxton|first=Richard|date=September 9, 2008|title=Wikipedia attacked over porn pages|journal=Macquarie Network|url=http://livenews.com.au/Articles/2008/09/09/Wikipedia_attacked_over_porn_pages}}</ref> Ditlhogo tse di bontshang se batshwayadiphoso bangwe ba se biditseng diteng tse di sa siamang (tse di tshwanang le boloko jwa setho, setopo, serwe sa bonna sa motho, molomo wa serwe sa bosadi, le go nna maponapona) di na le ditshwantsho tse di botlha le tshedimosetso e e feletseng e e ka bonwang motlhofo ke mongwe le mongwe yo o nang le inthanete, go akaretsa le bana. Lefelo le gape le akaretsa diteng tsa tlhakanelodikobo tse di tshwanang le ditshwantsho le ditshwantsho tsa motshikinyego tsa go itshwaratshwara dirwe tsa tlhakanelodikobo le go rota, ditshwantsho tsa zoophilia, le dinepe tsa difilimi tsa tlhakanelodikobo mo dikwalong tsa lone. Gape le na le dinepe tse e seng tsa thobalano tsa bana ba ba sa aparang . Setlhogo sa Wikipedia se se buang ka ''Virgin Killer'' —alebamo ya 1976 ya setlhopha sa mmino wa rock sa Jeremane sa Scorpions —se na le setshwantsho sa khabara ya ntlhantlha ya alebamo eno, se se bontshang mosetsana yo o sa aparang sepe yo o sa ntseng a gola . Khabara ya ntlhantlha e e neng ya gololwa e ne ya baka dikganetsano mme ga bewa e sele mo mafatsheng a mangwe. Ka Sedimonthole 2008, go kgona go bona lekwaloa Wikipedia ''ya Virgin Killer'' go ne ga thibelwa malatsi a le mane ke bontsi jwa batlamedi ba ditirelo tsa Inthanete kwa United Kingdom morago ga gore Mokgatlho wa Internet Watch (IWF) o dire tshwetso ya gore khabara ya alebamo e ne e le setshwantsho se se sa siamang se se seng kafa molaong mme wa tsenya URL ya lekwalo le mo "lenaneong la dikwalo tse di tlositsweng" la tlamela ba ditirelo tsa inthanete kwa Borithane ka lone. <ref name="Register ISP censorship">{{Cite news|title=Brit ISPs censor Wikipedia over 'child porn' album cover|first=Cade|last=Metz|newspaper=[[The Register]]|date=December 7, 2008|url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2008/12/07/brit_isps_censor_wikipedia|access-date=May 10, 2009}}</ref> Ka Moranang 2010, Sanger o ne a kwalela Biro ya Dipatlisiso ya Bosetšhaba lekwalo, a tlhalosa matshwenyego a gagwe a gore ditlhopha tse pedi tsa ditshwantsho tse di mo Wikimedia Commons di ne di na le ditshwantsho tsa thobalano tsa bana, mme di ne di tlola molao wa puso wa Amerika wa ditshwantsho tse di leswe . <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.smh.com.au/technology/technology-news/wikipedia-rejects-child-porn-accusation-20100428-tsvh|title=Wikipedia rejects child porn accusation|date=April 29, 2010|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|access-date=May 14, 2017}}</ref> <ref name="Inquirer child abuse allegations">{{Cite news|date=April 29, 2010|title=Wikipedia denies child abuse allegations: Co-founder grassed the outfit to the FBI|work=The Inquirer|url=https://www.theinquirer.net/inquirer/news/1603521/wikipedia-denies-child-abuse-allegations|access-date=October 9, 2010|archivedate=May 1, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100501174521/http://www.theinquirer.net/inquirer/news/1603521/wikipedia-denies-child-abuse-allegations}}</ref> Moragonyana Sanger o ne a tlhalosa gore ditshwantsho tse, tse di neng di amana le go tlhakanela dikobo le bana le tse dingwe tse di neng di amana le go tlhakanela dikobo le bana, e ne e se tsa bana ba mmatota, mme o ne a re e ne e le " ditshwantsho tse di leswe tsa go sotlaka bana ka thobalano ", ka fa tlase ga Molao wa PROTECT wa 2003 . Molao oo o thibela ditshwantsho tsa thobalano tsa bana le dinepe tsa dipopae le ditshwantsho tsa bana tse di fatlhang go ya ka molao wa Amerika . Sanger o ne a tlhagisa gape matshwenyego a gagwe ka go kgona go bona ditshwantsho tse di mo Wikipedia tse kwa dikolong. <ref name="TET child porn accusations">{{Cite news|title=Wikipedia blasts co-founder's accusations of child porn on website|date=April 29, 2010|journal=The Economic Times|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/infotech/internet/Wikipedia-blasts-co-founders-accusations-of-child-porn-on-website/articleshow/5871943.cms|access-date=April 29, 2010}}</ref> Mmueledi wa [[Wikimedia Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] Jay Walsh o ile a gana kgang ya ga Sanger ka maatla, a re Wikipedia e ne e se na "dilo tse di ka bonwang di se ka fa molaong. Fa re ne re na le tsone, re ne re tla di tlosa." Morago ga ngongorego ya ga Sanger, Wales elne ya phimola ditshwantsho tsa tlhakanelodikobo kwa ntle ga go buisana le morafe wa badirisi. Fa bakwadi ba baithaopi ba sena go nganga gore tshwetso e e dirilwe ka bonako, Wales o ne a ithaopela go tlogela dithata dingwe tse a neng a di tshwere jaaka karolo ya maemo a gagwe a go nna motlhami-mmogo. O ne a kwala mo molaetseng o o yang kwa lenaneong la go romela melaetsa la Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia gore kgato e ne e le "mo kgatlhegong ya go rotloetsa dipuisano ka ga dikgang tsa mmatota tsa filosofi/diteng, go na le go nna ka ga me le ka fa ke tsereng kgato ka bonako ka teng". <ref name="BBC News Wales cedes rights">{{Cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/10104946.stm|title=Wikimedia pornography row deepens as Wales cedes rights|work=BBC News|date=May 10, 2010|access-date=May 19, 2010}}</ref> Batshwayadiphoso, ba akaretsa le Wikipediocracy, ba ne ba lemoga gore bontsi jwa ditshwantsho tse di fatlhang tse di phimotsweng mo Wikipedia fa e sale ka 2010 di tlhagile gape. <ref name="XBIZ">{{Cite news|date=September 17, 2013|title=Wikipedia Gives Porn a Break|work=XBIZ.com|url=https://newswire.xbiz.com/view.php?id=169017|access-date=November 10, 2013}}</ref> === Sephiri === Matshwenyego mangwe a sephiri mo kgannyeng ya Wikipedia a amana le tshwanelo ya motho ya go nna moagi yo o ikemetseng go na le go nna motho wa setšhaba mo matlhong a molao. <ref>{{Cite book |last=McStay |first=Andrew |date=2014 |title=Privacy and Philosophy: New Media and Affective Protocol |publisher=[[Peter Lang (publisher)|Peter Lang]] |isbn=978-1-4541-9163-6 |series=Digital Formation |volume=86 |doi=10.3726/978-1-4539-1336-9}}</ref>{{efn|See [https://web.archive.org/web/20101130081035/https://texaspress.com/index.php/publications/law-media/731-law-a-the-media-in-texas--libel-cases "Libel"] by David McHam for the legal distinction.}} Ke ntwa fa gare ga tshwanelo ya go sa itsiwe mo inthaneteng le tshwanelo ya go sa itsiwe mo botshelong jwa mmatota . Melao ya sephiri ya Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia e bolela gore, "re dumela gore ga o a tshwanela go tlhoka go tlamela ka tshedimosetso ya gore o mang gore o nne le seabe mo mokgatlhong wa kitso ya mahala", mme e bolela gore "tshedimosetso ya gago" e ka nna ya abelanwa "Ka mabaka a semolao", "Go Go Sireletsa, Rona le Ba bangwe", kgotsa "Go Tlhaloganya le go Lekeletsa". <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Privacy policy |url=https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Privacy_policy |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230131204008/https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Privacy_policy |archive-date=January 31, 2023 |access-date=February 1, 2023 |website=Wikimedia Foundation}}</ref> Ka Ferikgong 2006, kgotlatshekelo ya Jeremane e ne ya laela gore Wikipedia ya Jeremane e tswalwe mo teng ga Jeremane ka gonne e ne e bolela leina ka botlalo la ga Boris Floric, aka "Tron", yo o neng a tlhasela mo maranyaneng yo o tlhokafetseng. Ka Tlhakole a le malatsi a le boferabongwe, ngwaga wa 2006, taelo e e neng e le kgatlhanong le Wikimedia Deutschland e ne ya menolwa, mme kgotlatshekelo ya gana kgopolo ya gore tshwanelo ya ga Tron ya go nna le sephiri kgotsa ya batsadi ba gagwe e ne e gatakiwa. <ref name="heise Tron public issue 1">{{Cite news|last1=Kleinz|first1=Torsten|title=Gericht weist einstweilige Verfügung gegen Wikimedia Deutschland ab [Update]|url=https://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/Gericht-weist-einstweilige-Verfuegung-gegen-Wikimedia-Deutschland-ab-Update-173587.html|work=Heise Online|publisher=[[Heinz Heise]]|date=September 2, 2006|language=de}}</ref> Wikipedia e na le " " se se dirisang Znuny, e leng lefelo la sofotewere ya mahala ya motswedi o o bulegileng sa OTRS <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Volunteer Response Team |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Volunteer_Response_Team |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230202072211/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Volunteer_response_team |archive-date=February 2, 2023 |access-date=February 1, 2023 |website=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki}}</ref> go emelana le dipotso ntle le tlhoka go senola maina a batho ba ba amegang. Se se dirisiwa, ka sekai, mo go netefatseng tetla ya go dirisa ditshwantsho le metswedi e mengwe ya dikgang mo lenaneong. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=OTRS – A flexible Help Desk and IT-Service Management Software |url=https://www.otrs.com/en/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131030215341/https://www.otrs.com/en/ |archive-date=October 30, 2013 |access-date=June 9, 2012 |website=Open Technology Real Services |publisher=OTRS.com}}</ref> Mo bokhutlong jwa Moranang 2023, Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia o itsisitse gore Wikipedia ga e kitla e ineela mo ditlhomamisong dipe tsa dingwaga tse di ka tlhokwang ke molao wa UK wa Molao wa Pabalesego ya Inthanete . Rebecca MacKinnon wa Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia o ne a bolela gore go tlholwa mo go ntseng jalo go tlaa lhulana le boineelo jwa webosaete jwa go kokoanya tshedimosetso e nnye ka batho ba ba tsenyang letsogo le babadi ba yone. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-65388255|title=Wikipedia will not perform Online Safety Bill age checks|work=BBC|date=April 28, 2023|access-date=May 1, 2023}}</ref> === Kgethololo ya bong === Wikipedia e ne ya tlhalosiwa ka 2015 e le lefelo le e nang le setso sa ntwa sa [[Go Tlhaola Batho ka Bong|go tlhaola batho ka bong]] le go tshwenya . <ref name="Paling">{{Cite web |last=Paling |first=Emma |date=October 21, 2015 |title=Wikipedia's Hostility to Women |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/10/how-wikipedia-is-hostile-to-women/411619/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221231105811/https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/10/how-wikipedia-is-hostile-to-women/411619/ |archive-date=December 31, 2022 |access-date=October 24, 2015 |website=[[The Atlantic]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Auerbach |first=David |date=December 11, 2014 |title=Encyclopedia Frown |url=https://www.slate.com/articles/technology/bitwise/2014/12/wikipedia_editing_disputes_the_crowdsourced_encyclopedia_has_become_a_rancorous.html |url-status=live |journal=Slate |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151023233133/http://www.slate.com/articles/technology/bitwise/2014/12/wikipedia_editing_disputes_the_crowdsourced_encyclopedia_has_become_a_rancorous.html |archive-date=October 23, 2015 |access-date=October 24, 2015}}</ref> Go lemogiwa ga tiriso ya puo e e sotlang gone ga buiwa fa e le lebaka le le neng la tlhagisiwa ka 2013 la go tlhoka tekatekano ya bong jwa bakwadi Wikipedia. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Murphy|first=Dan|date=August 1, 2013|title=In UK, rising chorus of outrage over online misogyny|work=[[The Christian Science Monitor]]|url=https://www.csmonitor.com/World/Security-Watch/Backchannels/2013/0801/In-UK-rising-chorus-of-outrage-over-online-misogyny|access-date=February 1, 2023}}</ref> Go nnile le di-Edit-a-thon go rotloetsa bakwadi ba basadi le go oketsa go akaretsa dikgang tsa basadi. <ref>{{Cite news|title=High Museum to host virtual Wikipedia edit-a-thon to boost entries about women|url=https://www.ajc.com/lifestyles/high-museum-host-virtual-wikipedia-edit-thon-boost-entries-about-women/TxxMEMGWHqFfaNMpV8y9DN/|access-date=October 24, 2020}}</ref> Ka Motsheganong 2018, mokwadi wa Wikipedia o ne a gana lekwalo le le neng le rometswe ka Donna Strickland ka ntlha ya go tlhoka go begwa mo metsweding ya dikgang. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Draft:Donna Strickland |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Draft:Donna_Strickland&oldid=842614385 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210114656/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Draft:Donna_Strickland&oldid=842614385 |archive-date=February 10, 2023 |access-date=February 1, 2023 |website=Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> <ref name="Schlanger-2018">{{Cite web |last=Schlanger |first=Zoë |last2=Purtill |first2=Corinne |date=October 2, 2018 |title=Wikipedia rejected an entry on a Nobel Prize winner because she wasn't famous enough |url=https://qz.com/1410909/wikipedia-had-rejected-nobel-prize-winner-donna-strickland-because-she-wasnt-famous-enough/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181025085329/https://qz.com/1410909/wikipedia-had-rejected-nobel-prize-winner-donna-strickland-because-she-wasnt-famous-enough/ |archive-date=October 25, 2018 |access-date=February 1, 2023 |website=[[Quartz (publication)|Quartz]]}}</ref> Dikgwedi di le tlhano morago ga tiragalo e, Strickland o ne a gapa Seetsele sa Nobel mo dithutong tsa Maranyane gore o na "le ditlhamo tse di tona mo lephateng la Maranyane a laser", mme a nna mosadi wa boraro go amogela seetsele se. <ref name="Schlanger-2018" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=October 2, 2018 |title=The Nobel Prize in Physics 2018 |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2018/press-release/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181002141926/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2018/press-release/ |archive-date=October 2, 2018 |access-date=February 1, 2023 |website=The Nobel Prize}}</ref> Pele ga a fenya seetsele se, Strickland o ne a umakiwa fela mo Wikipedia mo lekwalong le le neng le bua ka mmereki ka ene le mofenyi-mmogo wa seetsele e bong Gérard Mourou . <ref name="Schlanger-2018" /> Go kgaphelwa thoko ga gagwe mo Wikipedia go ne ga dira gore Wikipedia e bonwe molato wa go tlhaola batho ka bong, mme Corinne Purtill yo o neng a kwalela ''Quartz'' o ne a bolela gore "gape ke thuto e e tlhamaletseng ka dikotsi tsa go kgetholola ka bong mo metsweding ya dikgang, le ditlamorago tse di anameng tsa go sa emelwe sentle." <ref name="Purtill-2018">{{Cite web |last=Purtill |first=Corinne |date=October 3, 2018 |title=Sexism at Wikipedia feeds off the sexism in the media |url=https://qz.com/1412718/wikipedia-has-a-problem-with-sexism-so-does-the-media/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201022552/https://qz.com/1412718/wikipedia-has-a-problem-with-sexism-so-does-the-media |archive-date=February 1, 2023 |access-date=February 1, 2023 |website=[[Quartz (publication)|Quartz]]}}</ref> Purtill o amanya kgang e le go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong mo go begeng ga bobegakgang. <ref name="Purtill-2018" /> Patlisiso e e tseneletseng ya 2008, e e gatisitsweng ka 2016, ke Julia B. Bear wa Sekolo sa dithuto tse di kgolwane tsa Kgwebo ya sa Stony Brook le Benjamin Collier wa Sekolo sa dithuto tse di kgolwane sa Carnegie Mellon ba fitlhetse dipharologano tse di tona tsa bong mo go tshepeng boitseanape, go sa phuthologa ga bakwadi, le go tsibogela ditshwaelo tse di botlhokwa. "Basadi ba begile gore ga ba tshepe boitseanape jwa bone, ba tlhagisitse go sa phuthologa mo go tona mo bokwading(se gantsi se akaretsang kgotlhang), mme ba begile maikutlo a a seng molemo thata mo ditshwaelong tse di botlhokwa fa ba bapisiwa le banna." <ref>{{Cite journal |date=January 4, 2016 |title=Where are the Women in Wikipedia ? – Understanding the Different Psychological Experiences of Men and Women in Wikipedia |url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11199-015-0573-y |url-status=live |journal=Sex Roles |publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media|Springer Science]] |volume=74 |issue=5–6 |pages=254–265 |doi=10.1007/s11199-015-0573-y |s2cid=146452625 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211027122538/https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11199-015-0573-y |archive-date=October 27, 2021 |access-date=June 27, 2021}}</ref> === ''Dikwalo tse di tseneletseng tse di boferabongwe '' === ''"Dithesis di le boferabongwe"'' di kaya mogopolo wa diphetogo o o gatisitsweng ke Larry Sanger ka Phalane 2025. ''Dithesis tse di boferabongwe'' tsa ga Sanger mo Wikipedia di tlhagisa lenaneo la tshekatsheko e e botlhokwa la diphetogo la Wikipedia. Mogopolo o ke karolo ya maiteko a gagwe a a anameng a go lebagana le se Sanger a se tsayang e le dikgang tsa thulaganyo mo teng ga Wikipedia, tse di akaretsang, go tsaya letlhakore ga megopolo, go tlhoka go nna mo pepeneneng mo maemong a bakwadi, le tsamaiso e e sa direng sentle ya go dira ditshwetso e e theilweng morago ga ditumalano. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-10-04 |title=Wikipedia Co-Founder Unveils Plan To Fix Website's Biased 'Engine of Defamation' |url=https://www.nysun.com/article/wikipedia-co-founder-unveils-plan-to-fix-websites-biased-engine-of-defamation |access-date=2026-01-08 |website=The New York Sun |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-12-11 |title=Nine Theses on Wikipedia |url=https://larrysanger.org/nine-theses/ |access-date=2026-01-08 |website=LarrySanger.org |language=en-US}}</ref> == Tsamaiso == === Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia le mekgatlho e e amanang le one === [[File:Sue_Gardner_during_her_presentation_at_Wikimania_2013.jpg|thumb|Sue Gardner, mookamedi mogolo wa ntlha, ka 2013 kwa Wikimania]] Wikipedia e tshwarwa le go tlamelwa ka madi ke [[Wikimedia Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]], e leng mokgatlho o o sa direng dipoelo gape o tsamaisang mananeo a a amanang le Wikipedia tse di tshwanang le Wiktionary le Dibuka tsa Wikipedia . <ref group="W">{{Cite web |date=May 30, 2018 |title=Wikimedia Projects |url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/our-work/wikimedia-projects/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231011065720/https://wikimediafoundation.org/our-work/wikimedia-projects/ |archive-date=October 11, 2023 |access-date=February 1, 2023 |website=Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Mokgatlho o o ikaegile ka meneelo ya setšhaba le dithuso tsa madi go duelela ditiro tsa one. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Wikimedia's approach to coronavirus: Staffers can work 20 hours a week, get paid for full time|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2020/03/17/wikimedias-approach-coronavirus-staffers-can-work-20-hours-week-get-paid-full-time/|access-date=February 25, 2021|date=March 17, 2020}}</ref> <ref name="financialstatements" group="W">{{Cite web |date=October 12, 2022 |title=Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. – Consolidated Financial Statements – June 30, 2022 and 2021 |url=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/foundation/2/26/Wikimedia_Foundation_FY2021-2022_Audit_Report.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210114545/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/foundation/2/26/Wikimedia_Foundation_FY2021-2022_Audit_Report.pdf |archive-date=February 10, 2023 |access-date=June 5, 2016 |publisher=Wikimedia Foundation}}</ref> Pampiri ya 990 ya Tirelo ya Lotseno ya 2020 e bontsha lotseno lwa $124,60.&nbsp;milione le ditshenyegelo tse e ka nnang tsa $112,200 &nbsp;milione, ka dithoto tse di ka nnang $1 200,20 milione le tse di duelelwang di ka nna $11&nbsp;milione. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |date=May 17, 2022 |title=Wikimedia Foundation 2020 Form 990 |url=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/foundation/e/e4/Wikimedia_Foundation_2020_Form_990.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220524102009/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/foundation/e/e4/Wikimedia_Foundation_2020_Form_990.pdf |archive-date=May 24, 2022 |access-date=October 14, 2014 |website=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Ka Motsheganong 2014, Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia o ne wa bitsa Lila Tretikov jaaka Mookamedi-mogolo wa one wa bobedi wa khuduthamaga, a tsaya marapo a ga Sue Gardner. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |date=May 1, 2014 |title=Press releases/WMF announces new ED Lila Tretikov |url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Press_releases/WMF_announces_new_ED_Lila_Tretikov |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140503035438/https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Press_releases/WMF_announces_new_ED_Lila_Tretikov |archive-date=May 3, 2014 |access-date=June 14, 2014 |website=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> ''The Wall Street Journal'' e ne ya bega ka Motsheganong a le bongwe, 2014, gore dikitso tsa ga Tretikov tsa maranyane, go tswa mo dingwageng tsa gagwe kwa Sekolong sa dithuto tse di kgolwane sa California di naya Wikipedia tshono ya go tlhabologa ka tsela e e tsepameng thata e e kaelwang ke polelo ya gagwe e e boelediwang gantsi ya gore, "Tshedimosetso, fela jaaka phefo, e tlhoka go nna mahala." <ref name="Jeff Elder 2014">{{Cite news|date=May 1, 2014|title=Wikipedia's New Chief: From Soviet Union to World's Sixth-Largest Site|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/BL-DGB-34824|access-date=February 1, 2023}}</ref> <ref name="nytimes.com">{{Cite news|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210114542/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/02/business/media/open-source-software-specialist-selected-as-executive-director-of-wikipedia.html?_r=0|date=May 1, 2014|title=Media: Open-Source Software Specialist Selected as Executive Director of Wikipedia|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/02/business/media/open-source-software-specialist-selected-as-executive-director-of-wikipedia.html?_r=0|access-date=February 1, 2023|archivedate=February 10, 2023}}</ref> Setlhogo sone se sa ''Wall Street Journal'' se ne sa bega ka dikaelo tse tsa tlhabololo go ya ka potsolotso le mmueledi Jay Walsh wa Wikimedia, yo o neng a " re Tretikov o tla rarabolola kgang eo ya ( go duela batho go go buelelela ) e le selo se se tlang pele. 'Tota re kgaratlhela go dira dilo mo pepeneneng .&nbsp;... Re gatelela gore go duela bakwadi go go buelelela ga go amogelesege.' Maiteko a go akaretsa batho ba ba farologaneng ba ba nang le seabe, tshegetso e e botoka ya dipuisano tsa Wikipedia, didirisiwa tse disha tsa lefatshe, go bona diteng tsa selegae bonolo, le didirisiwa tse dintsi tsa badirisi mo lefatsheng la bobedi le la boraro le tsone ke ditlapele", Walsh o ne a bolela jalo. <ref name="Jeff Elder 2014" /> Morago ga go tsamaya ga ga Tretikov mo Wikipedia ka ntlha ya mathata a a amanang le tiriso ya karolo ya "tshireletso e e feteletseng" e mefuta mengwe ya puo ya Wikipedia e e amogetseng, <ref group="W">{{Cite news|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230125043521/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2014-08-13/News_and_notes|date=August 13, 2014|title=Media Viewer controversy spreads to German Wikipedia|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2014-08-13/News_and_notes|access-date=February 1, 2023|archivedate=January 25, 2023}}</ref> Katherine Maher o ne a nna Mookamedi-mogolo wa boraro wa Mokgatlho wa Wikipedia ka Seetebosigo 2016. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=Lorente |first=Patricio |date=March 16, 2016 |title=Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees welcomes Katherine Maher as interim Executive Director |url=https://diff.wikimedia.org/2016/03/16/board-welcomes-katherine-maher/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210114634/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2016/03/16/board-welcomes-katherine-maher/ |archive-date=February 10, 2023 |access-date=February 1, 2023 |website=Diff |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Maher o ne a bolela gore nngwe ya ditlapele tsa gagwe e tla nna kgang ya go tshwenngwa ga bakwadi e e tlwaelesegileng mo Wikipedia jaaka go supilwe ke lekgotlana la Wikipedia ka Sedimonthole. O boleletse ''Bloomberg Businessweek'' mabapi le kgang ya go tshwenngwa a re: "Go dira gore batho ba akanye gore se ke selo se se tlang pele mo morafeng wa badirisi.&nbsp;... [mme paakanyo eo e tlhoka gore] e tshwanetse go nna go feta go bua fela." <ref name="Bloomberg 2016"/> Maher o ne a nna mokaedi wa khuduthamaga go fitlha ka Moranang 2021. <ref name="axios">{{Cite web |last=Salmon |first=Felix |date=February 4, 2021 |title=Exclusive: End of the Maher era at Wikipedia |url=https://www.axios.com/exclusive-the-end-of-the-maher-era-at-wikipedia-c1ed1408-bab7-4308-9407-db093e24c80d.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204180613/https://www.axios.com/exclusive-the-end-of-the-maher-era-at-wikipedia-c1ed1408-bab7-4308-9407-db093e24c80d.html |archive-date=February 4, 2021 |access-date=April 16, 2021 |website=Axios}}</ref> Maryana Iskander o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Mookamedimogolo yo o tsenang ka Lwetse 2021, mme a tsaya maemo a ka Firikgong 2022. O ne a bolela gore nngwe ya dilo tse a tla remelelang mo go tsone e tla nna go oketsa kabakanyo mo morafeng wa badirisi ba Wikimedia. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Lima|first=Cristiano|date=September 14, 2021|title=Wikimedia taps leader of South African nonprofit as its next CEO|newspaper=The Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/09/14/wikipedia-maryana-iskander-ceo/|access-date=September 14, 2021|issn=0190-8286}}</ref> Iskander o ne a dira go fitlha ka Firikgong 2026, fa Bernadette Meehan a ne a tsaya marapo a go nna Mookamedimogolo. Wikipedia gape e engwe nokeng ke mekgatlho le ditlhopha di le dintsi tse di dirisanang le Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia mme di tsamaisiwa ka bonosi, tse di bidiwang [[Wikimedia Foundation|ditlhopha tse di dirisanang le mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] . Tse di akaretsa dikgaolo tsa Wikimedia (tse e leng mekgatlho ya setšhaba kgotsa e e kwa tlase ga ya setšhaba, jaaka Wikimedia Deutschland le Wikimedia Fora), mekgatlho ya ditlhogo (e e tshwanang le Amical Wikimedia ya setšhaba sa puo ya Se-Catalan ), le ditlhopha tsa badirisi. Ditlhopha tse di tsaya karolo mo go rotloetseng, go tlhabololeng, le go thusa Wikipedia ka madi. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Wikimedia chapters |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_chapters |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051112001834/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_chapters |archive-date=November 12, 2005 |access-date=February 1, 2023 |website=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki}}</ref> === Ditiro tsa sofotewere le tshegetso/kemo nokeng === Go dira ga Wikipedia go ikaegile ka MediaWiki, e leng sofotewere ya wiki e e itiretsweng, e le ya mahala gape e bulegile se se kwadilweng ka PHP mme se agilwe mo thulaganyong ya polokelo ya tshedimosetso ya MySQL . <ref name="nedworks database system" group="W">{{Cite web |last=Bergsma |first=Mark |title=Wikimedia Architecture |url=https://www.nedworks.org/~mark/presentations/san/Wikimedia%20architecture.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090303204708/https://www.nedworks.org/~mark/presentations/san/Wikimedia%20architecture.pdf |archive-date=March 3, 2009 |access-date=June 27, 2008 |publisher=Wikimedia Foundation}}</ref> Sofotewere e e akaretsa ditiriso tsa go dira mananeo a tshwana le puo e kgolo, dilo tse di farologaneng, thulaganyo ya go fetoladithempoleite, le go kaela gape URL . <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=MediaWiki Features |url=https://www.wikimatrix.org/show/mediawiki |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230202020544/https://www.wikimatrix.org/show/mediawiki |archive-date=February 2, 2023 |access-date=February 2, 2023 |website=WikiMatrix}}</ref> MediaWiki e na le teseletso ka fa tlase ga Teseletso ya Botlhe ya GNU (GPL) mme e dirisiwa ke mananeo otlhe a Wikimedia, ga mmogo le mananeo a mangwe a mantsi a wiki. <ref name="nedworks database system" group="W" /> <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Project:Copyrights |url=https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Project:Copyrights&oldid=262877 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211022061355/https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Project:Copyrights&oldid=262877 |archive-date=October 22, 2021 |access-date=February 2, 2023 |website=MediaWiki |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Kwa tshimologong, Wikipedia e ne e tsamaisiwa mo UseModWiki e e kwadilweng ka Perl ke Clifford Adams (Kgato ya ntlha), e kwa tshimologong e neng e tlhoka CamelCase go dira dikgokagano tsa dikwalo; mofuta wa go dirisa masaka a mabedi se ne sa tsenngwa moragonyana. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=UseMod: UseModWiki |url=https://www.usemod.org/cgi-bin/wiki.pl |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20001017191620/http://www.usemod.com/cgi-bin/wiki.pl |archive-date=October 17, 2000 |website=UseModWiki}}</ref> Go simolola ka Firikgong 2002 (Kgato ya bobedi), Wikipedia e ne ya simolola go dira mo enjeneng ya wiki ya PHP e e nang le polokelo ya tshedimosetso ya MySQL; sofotewere e e ne e direlwa Wikipedia ke Magnus Manske . Sofotewere ya Kgato ya bobedi e ne ya fetolwa gangwe le gape go emelana le tlhokego e e neng e oketsega ka lobelo lo logolo . Ka Phukwi 2002 ( Kgato ya boraro ), Wikipedia e ne ya fetogela kwa sofotewereng ya kokomane ya boraro, e leng MediaWiki, e e neng e kwadilwe ke Lee Daniel Crocker . Dikatoloso di le mmalwa tsa MediaWiki di tsentswe go atolosa tiro ya sofotewere ya MediaWiki. Ka Moranang 2005, katoloso ya Lucene <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=Snow |first=Michael |date=April 18, 2005 |title=Internal search function returns to service |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2005-04-18/Lucene_search |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120731211712/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2005-04-18/Lucene_search |archive-date=July 31, 2012 |access-date=February 2, 2023 |website=Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=Vibber |first=Brion |title=[Wikitech-l&#93; Lucene search |url=https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2005-April/016297.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130330033506/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2005-April/016297.html |archive-date=March 30, 2013 |access-date=February 26, 2009 |website=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> e ne ya tsenngwa mo patlong e e diritsweng mo teng ya MediaWiki mme Wikipedia e ne ya fetoga go tswa go MySQL go ya go Lucene go dirisiwa mo patlong. Moragonyana Lucene e ne ya emisediwa ka Patlisiso ya Cirrus e e theilweng mo Patlong ya Elastic . <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Extension:CirrusSearch |url=https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:CirrusSearch |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413230335/https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:CirrusSearch |archive-date=April 13, 2021 |access-date=February 2, 2023 |website=MediaWiki}}</ref> Ka Phukwi 2013, morago ga go dira diteko tse di tseneletseng tsa beta, katoloso ya WYSIWYG (Se o se Bonang ke se o se fiwang), VisualEditor, e ne ya bulwa gore e dirisiwe ke botlhe. <ref name="thenextwebve">{{Cite news|title=Wikimedia rolls out WYSIWYG visual editor for logged-in users accessing Wikipedia articles in English|url=https://thenextweb.com/insider/2013/07/02/wikimedia-rolls-out-its-wysiwyg-visual-editor-for-logged-in-users-accessing-wikipedia-articles-in-english/|access-date=February 2, 2023}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/wikipedia/10196578/Wikipedia-introduces-new-features-to-entice-editors.html|title=Wikipedia introduces new features to entice editors|access-date=August 18, 2013}}</ref> <ref name="TheEconomistVE">{{Cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/blogs/babbage/2011/12/changes-wikipedia|title=Changes at Wikipedia: Seeing things|access-date=July 28, 2013}}</ref> E ne ya ganwa le go tshwaiwa diphoso thata, mme ya tlhalosiwa e le " bonya gape e na le diphoso". <ref name="Orlowski, Andrew">{{Cite web |last=Orlowski |first=Andrew |date=August 1, 2013 |title=Wikipedians say no to Jimmy's 'buggy' WYSIWYG editor |url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2013/08/01/wikipedians_reject_wysiwyg_editor/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130804115056/http://www.theregister.co.uk/2013/08/01/wikipedians_reject_wysiwyg_editor |archive-date=August 4, 2013 |access-date=August 18, 2013 |website=The Register}}</ref> Karolo e ne ya fetolwa go tswa mo go tlhopheng go tswa go ya kwa go tlhopheng go tsena morago ga moo. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=Forrester |first=James |date=April 25, 2013 |title=The alpha version of the VisualEditor is now in 15 languages |url=https://diff.wikimedia.org/2013/04/25/visualeditor-alpha-in-15-languages/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210114634/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2013/04/25/visualeditor-alpha-in-15-languages/ |archive-date=February 10, 2023 |access-date=February 2, 2023 |website=Diff |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> === Go kwala mo go itirisang === Mananeo a dibalamakgolo(dikhompiutara) a a bidiwang di-bot gantsi di ile tsa dirisiwa go dira ditiro tse di motlhofo le tse di boelediwang, tse di tshwanang le go baakanya diphoso tse di tlwaelesegileng jaaka go peleta le mathata a mefuta ya tiriso, kgotsa go simolola dikwalo tse di tshwanang le go tsenya tsa dintlha tse digeographic ka mokgwa o o tlwaelegileng go tswa mo go wa tshedimosetso ya dipalopalo. <ref name="meetbots">{{Cite news|last=Nasaw|first=Daniel|date=July 24, 2012|title=Meet the 'bots' that edit Wikipedia|work=[[BBC News]]|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-18892510|access-date=February 2, 2023}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|last=Halliday|first=Josh|title=Boot up: The Wikipedia vandalism police, Apple analysts, and more|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2012/jul/26/boot-up-wikipedia-apple|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=July 26, 2012|access-date=September 5, 2012}}</ref> Mongwe wa bakwadi ba ba neng ba ntsha kganetsano, e bong Sverker Johansson, o ne a tlhama dikwalo ka bot ya gagwe ya Lsjbot, e go neng ga begwa gore e tlhama dikwalo di ka nna dikete di le lesome mo Wikipedia ya Se-Swedish ka malatsi a a rileng. <ref>{{Cite news|date=July 13, 2014|title=For This Author, 10,000 Wikipedia Articles Is a Good Day's Work|url=https://online.wsj.com/articles/for-this-author-10-000-wikipedia-articles-is-a-good-days-work-1405305001|access-date=August 18, 2014}}</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, go na le di-bot tse di diretsweng go itsise bakwadi ka go itirisa fa ba dira diphoso tse di tlwaelesegileng tsa bokwadi (tse di tshwanang le dinopolo tse di sa tsamaelaneng kgotsa masaka a a sa tshwaneng). <ref group="W">{{Cite news|last=Aude|date=March 23, 2009|title=Abuse Filter is enabled|publisher=Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2009-03-23/Abuse_Filter|access-date=February 2, 2023}}</ref> Diphetolo tse di supilweng ka maaka ke di-bot e le tiro ya mokwadi yo o kobilweng di ka busediwa ke bakwadi ba bangwe. Bot e e lwantshanang le go senya e rulaganyeditswe go lemoga le go ntsha tshenyo ka bonako. <ref name="meetbots" /> Di-bot di kgona go supa diphetogo go tswa mo diakhaontong tse di rileng kgotsa mo ditlhopheng tsa diaterese tsa IP, jaaka go diragetse ka nako ya go thuntshiwa ga sefofane sa MH17 ka Phukwi 2014 fa go ne go begwa gore diphetogo di dirilwe ka di-IP tse di laolwang ke puso ya Russia. <ref>{{Cite web |date=July 21, 2014 |title=MH17 Wikipedia entry edited from Russian government IP address |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/program/the-stream/2014/7/21/mh17-wikipedia-entry-edited-from-russian-government-ip-address |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161116002928/https://stream.aljazeera.com/story/201407211855-0023944 |archive-date=November 16, 2016 |access-date=July 22, 2014 |website=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]]}}</ref> Di-bot mo Wikipedia di tshwanetse go amogelwa pele di tsenngwa mo tirisong. Go ya ka Andrew Lih, go ne go tla nna thata go akanya ka go atolosiwa ga Wikipedia mo go diragalang gompieno go dira dikadikadike tsa dikwalo fa go ne go sa dirisiwe di-bot tse di ntseng jalo. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Lih |first=Andrew |year=2009 |title=The Wikipedia Revolution |publisher=[[Hachette Books]] |isbn=978-1-4013-0371-6 |pages=99–106 |oclc=232977686}}</ref> Ka Mopitlo 2026, moemedi wa AI, Tom, o ne a dira diphetogo mo Wikipedia ka fa tlase ga akhaonto ya TomWikiAssist. Akhaonto e e ne ya thibelwa ka ntlha ya go nna bot e e sa amogelweng. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Maiberg |first=Emmanuel |date=March 30, 2026 |title=An AI Agent Was Banned From Creating Wikipedia Articles, Then Wrote Angry Blogs About Being Banned |url=https://www.404media.co/an-ai-agent-was-banned-from-creating-wikipedia-articles-then-wrote-angry-blogs-about-being-banned/ |url-access=registration |access-date=April 12, 2026 |website=[[404 Media]]}}</ref> === Ditiro tsa hardwere le tshegetso/kemo nokeng === [[File:Wikipedia_webrequest_2022.png|alt=Diagram showing flow of data between Wikipedia's servers.|thumb|Setshwantsho sa lenaneo la thulaganyo go ema ka Phatwe 2022 [[Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from August 2022]] [[Category:All articles containing potentially dated statements]]]] Wikipedia mo bogompienong e dira mo ditlhopheng tse di kgethegileng tsa disefara tsa Linux tse di dirisang tsamaiso ya tiriso ya Debian . <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Debian |url=https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Debian |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418084905/https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Debian |archive-date=April 18, 2021 |access-date=April 9, 2021 |website=Wikitech |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Ka Firikgong a le masome a mabedi, 2013, Wikipedia e ne e fuduseditse lefelo la yone la konokono la tshedimosetso kwa lefelong la Equinix kwa Ashburn, kwa Virginia . <ref group="W" name=":0"/> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/archives/2013/01/14/its-official-equinix-ashburn-is-wikimedias-home/|title=It's Official: Ashburn is Wikipedia's New Home|first=Jason|last=Verge|access-date=June 5, 2016|date=January 14, 2013}}</ref> Lefelo la bobedi la tshedimosetso ya tiriso le ne la tlhamiwa ka 2014 kwa Carrollton, Texas, go tokafatsa go ikanyega ga Wikipedia. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Data centers - Wikitech |url=https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Data_centers |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230129081929/https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Data_centers |archive-date=January 29, 2023 |access-date=October 4, 2025 |website=wikitech.wikimedia.org}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bergsma |first=Mark |date=May 5, 2014 |title=Wikimedia Foundation selects CyrusOne in Dallas as new data center |url=https://diff.wikimedia.org/2014/05/05/wikimedia-foundation-selects-cyrusone-in-dallas-as-new-data-center/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180715011353/https://blog.wikimedia.org/2014/05/05/wikimedia-foundation-selects-cyrusone-in-dallas-as-new-data-center/ |archive-date=July 15, 2018 |access-date=October 4, 2025 |website=Diff}}</ref> Mafelo a a tshedimosetso ka bobedi a dira e le a konokono, mo dipakeng tse di farologaneng, mme e nngwe e dira jaaka ya bobedi ya tshedimosetso. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Switch Datacenter - Wikitech |url=https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Switch_Datacenter |access-date=October 4, 2025 |website=wikitech.wikimedia.org}}</ref> Ka 2017, Wikipedia e ne ya tsenya setlhopha sa go boloka tshedimosetso mo lefelong la Equinix kwa Singapore, e leng la ntlha la mofuta ono kwa Asia. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=⚓ T156028 Name Asia Cache DC site |url=https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T156028 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190512040933/https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T156028 |archive-date=May 12, 2019 |access-date=May 12, 2019 |website=Wikimedia Phabricator}}</ref> Ka 2022, go ne ga bulwa lefelo la go boloka tshedimosetso kwa Marseille, kwa Fora. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=⚓ T282787 Configure dns and puppet repositories for new drmrs datacenter |url=https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T282787 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210114545/https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T282787 |archive-date=February 10, 2023 |access-date=February 2, 2023 |website=Wikimedia Phabricator}}</ref> Ka 2024, go ne ga bulwa lefelo la go boloka tshedimosetso kwa São Paulo, e leng la ntlha la mofuta o kwa Amerika Borwa. <ref group="W" name="Magru">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=July 26, 2024 |title=The journey to open our first data center in South America |url=https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/26/the-journey-to-open-our-first-data-center-in-south-america/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240921054425/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/26/the-journey-to-open-our-first-data-center-in-south-america/ |archive-date=September 21, 2024 |access-date=November 29, 2024 |website=Diff |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Go ema ka Ngwanatseele 2024, ditlhopha tsa go boloka di-cache di kwa Amsterdam, kwa San Francisco, kwa Singapore, kwa Marseille le kwa São Paulo. <ref name=":13" group="W">{{Cite web |date=April 22, 2013 |title=Wikimedia servers |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_servers |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211120023847/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_servers |archive-date=November 20, 2021 |access-date=January 24, 2023 |website=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki}}</ref> <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Data centers |url=https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Data_centers |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230129081929/https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Data_centers |archive-date=January 29, 2023 |access-date=February 2, 2023 |website=Wikitech |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> === Dipatlisiso tsa mo teng le tlhabololo ya tsamaiso === Morago ga palo e e golang ya meneelo(madi) e e tsenang ka 2013 e e fetang dinomoro di le supa, <ref name="Simonite-2013"/> Mokgatlho o o fitlheletse selekanyo sa dithoto tse di bonwang di tshwanelega go akanyediwa ka fa tlase ga melaometheo ya itsholelo ya mokgatlho wa madirelo go supa tlhokego ya go beeletsa gape madi/meneelo mo dipatlisisong le mo tlhabololong ya Mokgatlho. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Scherer |first=Frederic M. |author-link=Frederic M. Scherer |date=2009 |title=Industrial Market Structure and Economic Performance |url=https://ssrn.com/abstract=1496716 |publisher=Academy for Entrepreneurial Leadership Historical Research Reference in Entrepreneurship, [[University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign]] |ssrn=1496716 |access-date=February 2, 2023 |orig-date=1970 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240428132257/https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1496716 |archive-date=April 28, 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref> Mananeo a mabedi a dipatlisiso tse di ntseng jalo tsa mo teng le tlhabololo a nnile tlhamo ya Modiri wa Ditshwantsho le thebo ya "Ke a leboga" e e fitlhelwang mo ditsong tsa go kwala, tse di neng tsa tlhamiwa go tokafatsa mathata a go lapisega ga mokwadi. <ref name="Simonite-2013" /> <ref name="Orlowski, Andrew"/> Dipalo kakanyetso tsa go beeletsa gape ke mekgatlho ya madirelo mo dipatlisisong tsa mo teng le tlhabololo di ne tsa ithutiwa ke Adam Jaffe, yo o kwadileng gore go ne go tshwanetse go laolwa selekanyo sa 4% go ya go 25% ka ngwaga, ka maranyane a maemo a a kwa godimo se se tlhokang seelo se se kwa godimo sa tshegetso ka go beeletsa gape mo mokgatlhong. <ref name="Trajtenberg-2002">{{Cite book |last=Trajtenberg |first=Manuel |year=2002 |title=Patents, Citations, and Innovations: A Window on the Knowledge Economy |url=https://direct.mit.edu/books/book/2593/Patents-Citations-and-InnovationsA-Window-on-the |last2=Jaffe |first2=Adam B. |publisher=[[MIT Press]] |isbn=978-0-262-27623-8 |pages=89–153 |doi=10.7551/mitpress/5263.001.0001 |access-date=February 2, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230202174803/https://direct.mit.edu/books/book/2593/Patents-Citations-and-InnovationsA-Window-on-the |archive-date=February 2, 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Ka maemong a 2013 a meneelo ya Wikimedia e kwadilwe jaaka e le didolara di le dikadikadike di le masome a mane ke botlhano, <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=Peters |first=David |last2=Walsh |first2=Jay |year=2013 |title=Wikimedia Foundation 2012–13 Annual Report |url=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Wmf_AR12_v11_SHIP_2pp_hyper_14jan14.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210114540/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Wmf_AR12_v11_SHIP_2pp_hyper_14jan14.pdf |archive-date=February 10, 2023 |access-date=February 2, 2023 |website=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> selekanyo sa tekanyetso se se badilweng se se akantshitsweng ke Jaffe sa go beeletsa gape mo dipatlisisong le mo tlhabololong se fa gare ga didolara di le 1.8.&nbsp;dimilione le 11.3&nbsp; milione ka ngwaga. <ref name="Trajtenberg-2002" /> Ka 2019, selekanyo sa meneelo se ne sa begwa ke Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia gore ke didikadike tsa di dolara di le lekgolo le masome a mabedi ka ngwaga, <ref group="W">{{Cite web |year=2020 |title=2019 to 2020 Annual Report – Statement of Activities – Audited (July 1, 2019 – June 30, 2020) |url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/about/annualreport/2020-annual-report/financials/#section-2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230202174803/https://wikimediafoundation.org/about/annualreport/2020-annual-report/financials/#section-2 |archive-date=February 2, 2023 |access-date=February 2, 2023 |website=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> go tlhabolola dipalokakanyetso tsa ga Jaffe tsa maemo a a kwa godimo a tshegetso go nna magareng ga dimilione di le $3.08 le 19,2&nbsp;milione ka ngwaga. <ref name="Trajtenberg-2002" />[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|alt=Wikipedia Library logo|thumb|Sekano sa motlobo wa dibuka wa Wikipedia]] === Dikgatiso tsa dikgang tse di mo teng === Mananeo a le mantsi a Wikimedia a na le dikgatiso tsa dikgang tsa mo teng. Lekwalodikgang la mo inthaneteng la [[Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia]] ''la The Signpost'' le ne la tlhongwa ka 2005 ke Michael Snow, motsamaisi wa Wikipedia yo o neng a tla nna leloko la khuduthamaga ya batlhokomedi ba Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia ka 2008. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCarthy |first=Caroline |date=July 18, 2008 |title=Wikimedia Foundation edits its board of trustees |url=https://www.cnet.com/culture/wikimedia-foundation-edits-its-board-of-trustees/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160301224408/https://www.cnet.com/news/wikimedia-foundation-edits-its-board-of-trustees/ |archive-date=March 1, 2016 |access-date=February 2, 2023 |website=[[CNET]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|archiveurl=Noam Cohen}}</ref> Kgatiso e e akaretsa dikgang le ditiragalo go tswa kwa Wikipedia ya Sekgoa, Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia, le [[Wikimedia Foundation|mananeo a mangwe a Wikipedia]] . === Motlobo wa dibuka wa Wikipedia === Bakwadi ba Wikipedia ka dinako tse dingwe ba sokola go fitlhelela metswedi e e duelwang e e tlhokegang go tokafatsa dikwalo. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|page=64}}Motlobo wa dibuka wa Wikipedia ke motswedi wa bakwadi ba Wikipedia o o nayang phitlhelelo ya mahala ya dikgatiso tse dintsi tsa mo maranyaneng, gore ba kgone go leba le go di nopola fa ba ntse ba kwala mo ensaetlolopedieng . <ref name="orlowitz">{{Cite journal |last=Orlowitz |first=Jake |date=January 2018 |title=The Wikipedia Library: the biggest encyclopedia needs a digital library and we are building it |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327963422 |url-status=live |journal=JLIS.it |volume=9 |issue=3 |doi=10.4403/jlis.it-12505 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240428132509/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327963422_The_wikipedia_library_The_biggest_encyclopedia_needs_a_digital_library_and_we_are_building_it |archive-date=April 28, 2024 |access-date=February 2, 2023 |via=[[ResearchGate]]}}</ref> Bagatisi ba feta masome a marataro ba tlhophile go dirisana mmogo le motlobo wa dibuka wa Wikipedia go tlamela ka phitlhelelo ya didirisiwa tsa bone: fa ICE Publishing e ne ya kopana go dira le bone ka 2020, mmueledi o ne a re "Ka go kgontsha bakwadi ba Wikipedia go fitlhelela diteng tsa rona mahala, re solofela go tsweledisa pele didirisiwa tse morafe o wa batlisisi ba di didirisang- ba kwala le go baakanya dikwalo tsa ditlhogo tsa Civil Engineering tse di balwang ke babadi ba le diketekete kgwedi le kgwedi." <ref name="hall">{{Cite web |last=Hall |first=Sam |date=June 24, 2020 |title=ICE Publishing partners with The Wikipedia Library |url=https://www.icevirtuallibrary.com/page/ice-news/106-wikipedia-library |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221113161530/https://www.icevirtuallibrary.com/page/ice-news/106-wikipedia-library |archive-date=November 13, 2022 |access-date=October 26, 2021 |website=ICE Virtual Library}}</ref> == Refferences == <references /> == Phitlhelelo ya diteng == === Teseletso ya diteng === Fa lenaneo le le simololwa ka 2001, mafoko otlhe mo Wikipedia a ne a akarediwa ke GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL), e leng teseletso ya Copyleft e e letlang go anamisiwa gape, go tlhamiwa ga dibuka tse di tswang mo go yone, le go dirisiwa ga diteng ga kgwebo fa bakwadi ba ntse ba na le tshwanelo ya tiro ya bone. GFDL e diretswe dibukana tsa tiriso tsa sofotewere tse di tlang le mananeo asofotewere ya mahala tse di nang le teseletso ka fa tlase ga GPL . Se se dirile gore e nne tshwetso e e bokoa ya bukana ya tshupiso ka kakaretso: ka sekai, GFDL e tlhoka gore dikgatiso gape tsa didirisiwa go tswa mo Wikipedia di tle le moriti o o feletseng ya mokwalo wa GFDL. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Frequently Asked Questions about the GNU Licenses |url=https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-faq.en.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220318014154/https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-faq.en.html |archive-date=March 18, 2022 |access-date=February 2, 2023 |website=GNU Operating System |publisher=[[Free Software Foundation]]}}</ref> Ka Sedimonthole 2002, go ne ga gololwa teseletso ya Creative Commons ; e ne e diretswe ditiro tsa botlhami ka kakaretso, e seng fela dibukana tsa tiriso tsa sofotewere. Lenaneo la Wikipedia le ne la batla go fetogela kwa Creative Commons. <ref name="WPF switch to CC" group="W">{{Cite web |last=Vermeir |first=Walter |date=December 1, 2007 |title=Resolution:License update |url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Resolution:License_update |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110903084619/http://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Resolution:License_update |archive-date=September 3, 2011 |access-date=December 4, 2007 |website=Wikimedia Foundation}}</ref> Ka gore GFDL le Creative Commons di ne di sa tsamaisane, ka Ngwanatseele 2008, morago ga kopo ya lenaneo, Mokgatlho wa Sofotewere ya Mahala (FSF) o ne wa golola mofuta o mosha wa GFDL o o neng o diretswe ka tlhamalalo go letla Wikipedia go naya CC BY-SA teseletso ya diteng tsa yone ka Phatwe 1, 2009 Ka Moranang 2009, Wikipedia le mananeo a yone a dingwe di ne tsa tshwara referantamo ya baagi botlhe, e e neng ya dira tshwetso ya go fetola ka Seetebosigo 2009. <ref name="MW licensing QA" group="W">{{Cite web |title=Licensing update/Questions and Answers |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Licensing_update/Questions_and_Answers |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200716170801/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Licensing_update/Questions_and_Answers |archive-date=July 16, 2020 |access-date=February 15, 2009 |website=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki}}</ref> <ref name="MW licensing timeline 1" group="W">{{Cite web |title=Licensing_update/Timeline |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Licensing_update/Timeline |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220817062932/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Licensing_update/Timeline |archive-date=August 17, 2022 |access-date=April 5, 2009 |website=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki}}</ref> <ref name="WP blog license migration" group="W">{{Cite web |last=Walsh |first=Jay |date=May 21, 2009 |title=Wikimedia community approves license migration |url=https://diff.wikimedia.org/2009/05/21/wikimedia-community-approves-license-migration |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210113042618/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2009/05/21/wikimedia-community-approves-license-migration/ |archive-date=January 13, 2021 |access-date=May 21, 2009 |website=Diff |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Go tshwarwa ga dithoto tsa ditshwantsho (sekai, dithoto tsa dinepe) go a farologana go ralala dikgatiso tsa puo. Dikgatiso tse dingwe tsa puo, jaaka Wikipedia ya Sekgoa, di akaretsa dithoto tsa ditshwantsho tse e seng tsa mahala ka fa tlase ga thuto ya tiriso e e siameng, <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Wikipedia:Non-free content |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Non-free_content |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230127162916/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Non-free_content |archive-date=January 27, 2023 |access-date=February 2, 2023 |website=Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> fa tse dingwe di tlhophile go se dire jalo, bontlhabongwe jwa lebaka e le ka ntlha ya go tlhoka dithuto tsa tiriso e e siameng mo mafatsheng a bone (sekai, mo molaong wa ditshwanelo tsa botlhami wa Japane ). Dithoto tsa ditshwantsho/bobegadikgang tse di akareditsweng ke diteseletso tsa diteng tsa mahala (sekai, Creative Commons ' CC BY-SA ) di abelanwa go ralala dikgatiso tsa puo ka polokelo ya Wikimedia Commons, e leng lenaneo le le tsamaisiwang ke Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Commons:Fair use |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Fair_use |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230131061136/https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Fair_use |archive-date=January 31, 2023 |access-date=February 2, 2023 |website=Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia |publisher=[[Wikimedia Commons]]}}</ref> Go amogela ga Wikipedia ga melao e e farologaneng ya boditšhabatšhaba ya ditshwanelo tsa botlhami mabapi le ditshwantsho go dirile gore bangwe ba lemoge gore go akaretsa ga yone ga dikgang tsa dinepe go saletse kwa morago ga boleng jwa mokwalo wa ensaetlolopedia e. <ref name="NYT photos on WP">{{Cite news|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130308110221/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/07/20/arts/20funny.html|title=Wikipedia May Be a Font of Facts, but It's a Desert for Photos|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/07/20/arts/20funny.html|access-date=March 9, 2013|archivedate=March 8, 2013}}</ref> Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia ga se moabi wa diteseletso tsa diteng mo Wikipedia kgotsa mananeo a a amanang le one mme ke tirelo fela ya go amogela batho ba ba nang le seabe mo Wikipedia le ba ba o nayang diteseletso, e leng maemo a a neng a sirelediwa ka katlego ka 2004 kwa kgotlatshekelo kwa Fora. <ref name="reuters French defamation case">{{Cite news|title=Wikipedia cleared in French defamation case|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/internetNews/idUSL0280486220071102|access-date=November 2, 2007}}</ref> <ref name="ars tech WP dumb suing case">{{Cite web |last=Anderson |first=Nate |date=May 2, 2008 |title=Dumb idea: suing Wikipedia for calling you "dumb" |url=https://arstechnica.com/news.ars/post/20080502-dumb-idea-suing-wikipedia-for-calling-you-dumb.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110806121938/http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/news/2008/05/dumb-idea-suing-wikipedia-for-calling-you-dumb.ars |archive-date=August 6, 2011 |access-date=May 4, 2008 |website=[[Ars Technica]]}}</ref> === Mefuta ya phitlhelelo === Ka gore diteng tsa Wikipedia di anamisiwa ka fa tlase ga teseletso e e bulegileng, mongwe le mongwe o ka di dirisa gape kgotsa a di anamisa gape ntle le go duedisiwa. Diteng tsa Wikipedia di gatisitswe ka mefuta e le mentsi, mo inthaneteng le kwa ntle ga inthanete, kwa ntle ga webosaete ya Wikipedia. Go na le diketekete tsa " mafelo a a tshwanang " a a gatisang gape diteng go tswa mo Wikipedia; tse pedi tse di tlhageletseng tse gape di akaretsang diteng tse di tswang mo metsweding e mengwe ke Reference.com le Answers.com . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Reference.com Expands Content by Adding Wikipedia Encyclopedia to Search Capabilities |url=http://www.lexico.com/about/pr20050915.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090225094122/http://www.lexico.com/about/pr20050915.html |archive-date=February 25, 2009 |website=Lexico Publishing Group, LLC}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Definition of Answers.com |url=https://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia/term/answerscom |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203151141/https://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia/term/answerscom |archive-date=February 3, 2023 |access-date=February 3, 2023 |website=[[PCMag]]}}</ref> Sekai se sengwe ke Wapedia, e e neng ya simolola go bontsha diteng tsa Wikipedia ka mofuta o o siametseng tiriso ya mogala wa letheka pele ga Wikipedia ka boyone e dira jalo. <ref name=":16" group="W">{{Cite web |last=Seifi |first=Joe |date=August 27, 2007 |title=Wapedia review |url=https://appsafari.com/utilities/1144/wapedia/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220423185926/https://appsafari.com/utilities/1144/wapedia/ |archive-date=April 23, 2022 |access-date=February 2, 2023 |website=appSafari}}</ref> Dienjini dingwe tsa patlo tsa webo di dirisa diteng tsa Wikipedia ka tsela e e kgethegileng fa di bontsha maduo a patlo: dikai tsa tsone di akaretsa Microsoft Bing ( ka maranyane a a tserweng mo Powerset ) le DuckDuckGo . Dikokoanyo tsa dikwalo tsa Wikipedia di gatisitsee mo disking tsa pono . Mofuta wa Sekgoa o o neng wa gololwa ka 2006 o ne o na le dikwalo di ka nna dikete di le pedi. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Wikipedia 0.5 available on a CD-ROM |url=http://www.wikipediaondvd.com/site.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130602060411/http://www.wikipediaondvd.com/site.php |archive-date=June 2, 2013 |website=Wikipedia On DVD}}</ref> Mofuta wa puo ya Se-Polish go tloga ka 2006 o na le dikwalo di ka nna dikete di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a le mane, <ref name="WM polish WP on dvd" group="W">{{Cite web |title=Polish Wikipedia on DVD |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Polska_Wikipedia_na_DVD_%28z_Helionem%29/en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221229040017/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Polska_Wikipedia_na_DVD_(z_Helionem)/en |archive-date=December 29, 2022 |access-date=December 26, 2008 |website=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki}}</ref> mofuta wa puo ya Sejeremane go tloga ka 2007/2008 o na le dikwalo di feta dikete di le makgolo a le marataro le masome a mabedi, mme mofuta wa puo ya Sepanishe go tloga ka 2011 o na le dikwalo di le dikete di le makgolo a le boferabobedi le masome a le boferabobedi le borataro. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=¿Qué es la CDPedia? |url=http://python.org.ar/pyar/Proyectos/CDPedia |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110702023520/http://python.org.ar/pyar/Proyectos/CDPedia |archive-date=July 2, 2011 |website=Py Ar |language=es}}</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, "Wikipedia ya Dikolo", motseletsele wa di-CD / di-DVD tsa Wikipedia tse di dirilweng ke Wikipedia le SOS Children, ke di tlhophilweng mahala go tswa mo Wikipedia e e diretsweng thuto ya bana ba dingwaga di le boferabobedi go ya go di le lesome le bosupa. <ref group="W">{{Cite news|title=2008–09 Wikipedia for Schools goes online|url=https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/2008-09_Wikipedia_for_Schools_goes_online}}</ref> Go nnile le maiteko a go tsenya karolwana e e tlhophilweng ya dikwalo tsa Wikipedia mo sebopegong sa buka e e gatisitsweng. <ref name="WP into books 1">{{Cite news|title=Wikipedia turned into book|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/howaboutthat/5549589/Wikipedia-turned-into-book.html|access-date=February 3, 2023}}</ref> <ref name="WP schools selection 1" group="W">{{Cite web |title=Wikipedia Selection for Schools |url=https://schools-wikipedia.org |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120804093730/https://schools-wikipedia.org/ |archive-date=August 4, 2012 |access-date=July 14, 2012 |website=Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Fa e sa le ka 2009, dibuka di le dikete di le masomesome tse di gatisitsweng fa di batliwa tse di thusitseng go dirwa ga dikwalo tsa Wikipedia tsa Sekgoa, Sejeremane, Se-Russia le Sefora di ile tsa gatisiwa ke kompone ya Amerika ya Books LLC le ke dikompone tse tharo tse di potlana tsa kwa Mauritius tsa mogatisi wa Jeremane VDM . Webosaete ya DBpedia, e e simolotsweng ka 2007, e ntsha tshedimosetso mo mabokosong a tshedimosetso le mo dipolelong tsa ditlhopha tsa Wikipedia ya puo ya Sekgoa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bizer |first=Christian |last2=Lehmann |first2=Jens |last3=Kobilarov |first3=Georgi |last4=Auer |first4=Sören |last5=Becker |first5=Christian |last6=Cyganiak |first6=Richard |last7=Hellmann |first7=Sebastian |date=September 2009 |title=DBpedia – A crystallization point for the Web of Data |journal=Journal of Web Semantics |volume=7 |issue=3 |pages=154–165 |citeseerx=10.1.1.150.4898 |doi=10.1016/j.websem.2009.07.002 |s2cid=16081721}}</ref> Wikimedia e tlhamile lenaneo la Wikidata ka maikaelelo a a tshwanang a go boloka dintlha tsa motheo go tswa mo tsebeng nngwe le nngwe ya Wikipedia le mananeo a mangwe a Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia le go e dira gore e nne teng ka sebopego sa bokao jo bo ka bodiwang, jwa RDF . <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Wikidata:Introduction |url=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Introduction |access-date=February 3, 2023 |website=Wikidata |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Go ema ka Tlhakole 2013, e na le diteng tse di fetang didikadike di le lesome. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Wikidata:Statistics |url=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Statistics |access-date=February 3, 2023 |website=Wikidata |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> WikiReader ke sediriswa se se kgethegileng se se balelang kwa godimo se se nang le moriti wa Wikipedia o o seng mo inthaneteng, e e neng ya simolodisawa ke OpenMoko mme ya gololwa la ntlha ka 2009. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=Moeller |first=Erik |date=October 13, 2009 |title=OpenMoko Launches WikiReader |url=https://diff.wikimedia.org/2009/10/13/openmoko-launches-wikireader/ |access-date=January 19, 2023 |website=Diff |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Go tsaya diteng tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia gore di dirisiwe gape go na le dikgwetlho, ka gore go dira ditshwantsho tse di tshwanang ka tlhamalalo ka Web crawler ga go rotloediwe. Wikipedia e gatisa " dithotobolo " tsa diteng tsa yone, mme tse ke tsa mafoko fela; go ema ka 2023 ga go na thotobolo e e leng teng ya ditshwantsho tsa Wikipedia. <ref name="WP image data dumps 1" group="W">{{Cite web |title=Data dumps/What's available for download |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Data_dumps/What%27s_available_for_download |access-date=February 3, 2023 |website=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki}}</ref> [[Wikimedia Foundation|Kgwebo ya Wikimedia]] ke tharabololo ya go dira dipoelo ka se. Dipuo di le mmalwa tsa Wikipedia le tsone di na le tafole ya dikgang, e mo go yone baithaopi ba arabang dipotso tse di bodiwang ke setšhaba. Go ya ka patlisiso e e dirilweng ke Pnina Shachaf mo ''Journal of Documentation'', boleng jwa tafole ya dikgang ya Wikipedia bo ka bapisiwa le tafole ya dikgang ya motlobo wa dibuka e e tlwaelesegileng, ka bonnete jwa masome a matlhano le botlhano mo lekgolong. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Shachaf |first=Pnina |date=October 16, 2009 |title=The paradox of expertise: is the Wikipedia Reference Desk as good as your library? |url=http://eprints.rclis.org/20329/1/Paradox%20of%20expertise-final.pdf |journal=Journal of Documentation |volume=65 |issue=6 |pages=977–996 |doi=10.1108/00220410910998951}}</ref> ==== Phitlhelelo ka mogala wa letheka ==== [[File:Wikipedia_on_Mobile_screenshot_(2024)_(cropped).png|thumb|Mogala wa letheka o o bontshang Tsebekgolo ya Wikipedia ya Sekgoa ka Phalane malatsi a le mabedi, 2024]] [[File:Wikipedia_page_views_by_device_type.webp|thumb|Dipono tsa tsebe ya Wikipedia go ya ka lefelo]] Sedirisiwa sa ntlha sa Wikipedia e ne e le gore badirisi ba kgone go bala le go kwaditeng tsa yone ba dirisa sedirisiwa fela sa patlo se se tlwaelesegileng sa webo ka kgolagano e e tlhomameng ya inthanete . Le fa diteng tsa Wikipedia di ntse di fitlhelelwa ka webo ya mogala wa letheka fa e sale ka Phukwi 2013, ''The New York Times'' ka Tlhakole 9, 2014, e ne ya nopola Erik Möller, mothusa mookamedi wa Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia, e bolela gore phetogo ya pharakano ya inthanete go tswa mo dikhompiutareng go ya kwa megaleng ya letheka e ne e le tona e bile e le selo se se bakang matshwenyego. Setlhogo sa ''The New York Times'' se ne sa bega dipalopalo tsa tshwantshanyo tsa diphetogo tse di dirwang ka mogala wa letheka a bolela gore, "Ke palo ya masome a le mabedi mo lekgolong ya babadi ba Wikipedia ya puo ya Sekgoa ba ba balang dikwalo ka megala ya letheka, palo e e kwa tlase thata go na le palo ya pharakano megala ya letheka mo mafelong a mangwe a bobegakgang, a bontsi jwa one a tsamaelang palo ya sephatlo mo lekgolong. Mme go fetogela kwa megaleng ya letheka go ntse bonya le go feta." Ka 2014 ''The New York Times'' e begile gore Möller o abetse "setlhopha sa batlhami ba disofotewere ba le lesome ba ba remelelang mo tirisong ya megala ya letheka", mo palong yotlhe ya babereki ba ka nna makgolo a le mabedi ba ba berekang kwa Mokgatlhong wa Wikimedia. Nngwe ya matshwenyego a matona a a umakilweng ke ''The New York Times'' ka "go tlhabaela" ke gore Wikipedia e rarabolole ka katlego mathata le palo ya bakwadi ba ensaetlolopedia ya mo inthaneteng e ba gogelang go kwala le go tlhokomela diteng tsa yone ka mogala wa letheka. <ref name="small screen"/> Ka 2023, babereki ba Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia ba ne ba godile go nna babereki ba ba fetang makgolo a le masupa. <ref name="WF10.23.23">{{Cite web |last=Seitz-Gruwell |first=Lisa |author-link=Lisa Seitz-Gruwell |date=October 23, 2023 |title=7 reasons you should donate to Wikipedia |url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2022/11/03/7-reasons-you-should-donate-to-wikipedia/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241008212455/https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/10/23/7-reasons-you-should-donate-to-wikipedia/ |archive-date=October 8, 2024 |access-date=December 27, 2023 |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Phitlhelelo ya Wikipedia ka mogala wa letheka e ne ya kgonega go tloga ka 2004, ka Porothokholo ya Wireless Application (WAP), ka tirelo ya Wapedia . <ref name=":16" group="W"/> Ka Seetebosigo 2007, Wikipedia e ne ya simolola en.mobile.wikipedia.org, e leng webosaete ya semmuso ya didirisiwa tse di senang megala. Ka 2009, go ne ga gololwa semmuso tirelo e ntšha ya megala ya letheka, e e mo go en.m.wikipedia.org, e e direlang megala ya letheka e e gatetseng pele thata e tshwana le iPhone, didirisiwa tsa Android, kgotsa didiriswa tsa WebOS . <ref name="WM mobile added 1" group="W">{{Cite web |date=June 30, 2009 |title=Wikimedia Mobile is Officially Launched |url=https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2009/06/wikimedia-mobile-launch |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100111101614/http://techblog.wikimedia.org/2009/06/wikimedia-mobile-launch/ |archive-date=January 11, 2010 |access-date=July 22, 2009 |website=Wikimedia Technical Blog |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Mekgwa e mengwe e le mmalwa ya go fitlhelela Wikipedia ka mogala wa letheka e ile ya bonala fa e sa le ka nako eo. Didiriswa le ditiriso di le dintsi di tokafatsa go bontshiwa ga diteng tsa Wikipedia mo megaleng ya letheka, fa tse dingwe gape di akaretsa ditiriso tse dingwe di tshwana le tiriso ya tshedimosetso ya Wikipedia e e tshwanang le tshedimosetso ya lefatshe . <ref name="androgeoid.com LPOI WP 1">{{Cite web |date=May 15, 2011 |title=Local Points Of Interest In Wikipedia |url=https://androgeoid.com/2011/04/local-points-of-interest-in-wikipedia |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110601092809/http://androgeoid.com/2011/04/local-points-of-interest-in-wikipedia/ |archive-date=June 1, 2011 |access-date=May 15, 2011 |website=AndroGeoid}}</ref> <ref name="ilounge iphone gems WP">{{Cite web |last=Hollington |first=Jesse David |date=November 30, 2008 |title=iPhone Gems: Wikipedia Apps |url=https://www.ilounge.com/index.php/articles/comments/15802 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090112235945/http://www.ilounge.com/index.php/articles/comments/15802/ |archive-date=January 12, 2009 |access-date=July 22, 2008 |website=iLounge}}</ref> App ya Android ya Wikipedia e ne ya gololwa ka Firikgong 2012, e ne ya tsenngwa ke batho ba ba fetang dikete di le makgolo a le matlhano le gape e nae dikakgelo tsa ditshekatsheko tse di siameng, mme ya bona maduo a a fetang bone mo botlhanong mo patlisisong ya badirisi ba ka nna dikete di le makgolo a mabedi 200 000 ba ba neng ba e tsenya go tswa mo Google. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=Finc |first=Tomasz |date=January 26, 2012 |title=Announcing the Official Wikipedia Android App |url=https://diff.wikimedia.org/2012/01/26/announcing-the-official-wikipedia-android-app/ |access-date=February 3, 2023 |website=Diff |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Wikipedia |url=https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.wikipedia&hl=en |access-date=February 3, 2023 |website=[[Google Play]]}}</ref> Mofuta wa iOS o ne wa gololwa ka Moranang a le boraro, 2013, mme wa nna le tshekatsheko e e tshwanang. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |date=August 4, 2014 |title=Wikipedia Mobile on the App Store on iTunes |url=https://apps.apple.com/us/app/wikipedia-mobile/id324715238 |access-date=August 21, 2014 |website=[[App Store (iOS/iPadOS)]] |publisher=[[Apple Inc.]]}}</ref> [[Wikipedia Zero (Setswana)|Wikipedia Zero]] e ne e le maiteko a Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia a go atolosa phitlhelelo ya ensaetlolopedia e kwa mafatsheng a a santseng a tlhabologa ka go dirisana le badiredi ba ditirelo tsa megala ya letheka go letla phitlhelelo ya mahala. <ref name=":17" group="W" /> <ref>{{Cite news|last=Ellis|first=Justin|date=January 17, 2013|title=Wikipedia plans to expand mobile access around the globe with new funding|url=https://www.niemanlab.org/2013/01/wikipedia-plans-to-expand-mobile-access-around-the-globe-with-new-funding|access-date=April 22, 2013|work=Nieman Lab}}</ref> E ne ya emisiwa ka Tlhakole 2018 ka ntlha ya go tlhoka go tsaya karolo ga badiredi ba ditirelo tsa megala ya letheka. <ref name=":17" group="W">{{Cite web |date=February 16, 2018 |title=Building for the future of Wikimedia with a new approach to partnerships |url=https://diff.wikimedia.org/2018/02/16/partnerships-new-approach/ |access-date=May 12, 2019 |website=Diff |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Andrew Lih le Andrew Brown ka bobedi ba dumela gore go kwala mo Wikipedia ka megala ya letheka go thata, mme se se kgoba marapo batho ba basha ba ba ka eletsang go tsenya letsogo. <ref name="Lih-2015" /> <ref name="Brown-2015" /> Lih o bolela gore palo ya bakwadi ba Wikipedia e ntse e a fokotsega morago ga dingwaga di le mmalwa, <ref name="Lih-2015" /> mme Tom Simonite wa ''MIT Technology Review'' o bolela gore popego le melao ke yone e e dirang se. Simonite a re bangwe badirisi [[Morafe wa Wikipedia|ba Wikipedia]] ba dirisa melao le dikaelo tsa go laola ba bangwe mme bakwadi bao ba na le kgatlhego e e tseneletseng ya go nna fela ka boitshwaro jo bo ntseng jalo. <ref name="Simonite-2013"/> Lih o boletse gore go na le go sa dumalane magareng ga batsayakarolo ba ba leng teng gore se se ka rarabololwa jang. Lih o tshogela bokamoso jwa Wikipedia jwa nako e telele fa Brown ene a tshaba gore mathata a Wikipedia a tla nna a le teng, mme diensaetlolopedia tse di gaisanang le yone ga di kitla ka e ema pele. <ref name="Lih-2015">{{Cite news|last=Lih|first=Andrew|date=June 20, 2015|title=Can Wikipedia Survive?|newspaper=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/21/opinion/can-wikipedia-survive.html|access-date=February 3, 2023}}</ref> <ref name="Brown-2015">{{Cite news|last=Brown|first=Andrew|date=June 25, 2015|title=Wikipedia editors are a dying breed. The reason? Mobile|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/jun/25/wikipedia-editors-dying-breed-mobile-smartphone-technology-online-encyclopedia|access-date=February 3, 2023}}</ref> === Phitlhelelo kwa China === Phitlhelelo ya Wikipedia e thibetswe kwa boremelelong jwa China fa e sa le ka Motsheganong 2015. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Henochowicz |first=Anne |date=May 20, 2015 |title=Chinese Wikipedia Blocked by Great Firewall |url=https://chinadigitaltimes.net/2015/05/chinese-wikipedia-blocked-by-great-firewall/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170504212406/https://chinadigitaltimes.net/2015/05/chinese-wikipedia-blocked-by-great-firewall/ |archive-date=May 4, 2017 |access-date=May 4, 2017 |website=[[China Digital Times]]}}</ref> Se se ne sa dirwa morago ga gore Wikipedia e simolole go dirisa encryption ya HTTPS, e e neng ya dira gore go bipa dilo dingwe go nne thata. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Perez |first=Sarah |date=June 12, 2015 |title=The Wikimedia Foundation Turns On HTTPS By Default Across All Sites, Including Wikipedia |url=https://techcrunch.com/2015/06/12/the-wikimedia-foundation-turns-on-https-by-default-across-all-sites-including-wikipedia/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200824001601/https://techcrunch.com/2015/06/12/the-wikimedia-foundation-turns-on-https-by-default-across-all-sites-including-wikipedia/ |archive-date=August 24, 2020 |access-date=June 3, 2020 |website=[[TechCrunch]]}}</ref> == Tlhotlheletso ya yone == === Motswedi o o ikanyegang wa go lwantsha dikgang tse di seng boammaaruri === Ka 2017–18, morago ga go tlhatloga ga dipeo tsa maaka, Facebook le YouTube ka bobedi di ne tsa itsise gore di tla ikaega ka Wikipedia go thusa badirisi ba tsone go sekaseka dipego le go gana dikgang tsa maaka. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hughes |first=Taylor |last2=Smith |first2=Jeff |last3=Leavitt |first3=Alex |date=April 3, 2018 |title=Helping People Better Assess the Stories They See in News Feed with the Context Button |url=https://about.fb.com/news/2018/04/news-feed-fyi-more-context/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230111152311/https://about.fb.com/news/2018/04/news-feed-fyi-more-context/ |archive-date=January 11, 2023 |access-date=January 23, 2023 |website=[[Meta Platforms|Meta]]}}</ref> <ref name="Cohen-2018" /> Noam Cohen, fa a kwala mo go ''The Washington Post'' o ne a re, "Go ikaega ga YouTube ka Wikipedia go baakanya seemo go akantsha ka lefelo le lengwe le le tlhokang dikgang tse di boammaaruri, e leng neteweke ya botsalano ya Facebook, e e neng ya itsise ngogola gore Wikipedia e tla thusa badirisi ba yone go tlosa ' dikgang tse di seng boammaaruri '." <ref name="Cohen-2018">{{Cite news|archiveurl=Noam Cohen}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Constine |first=Josh |date=April 3, 2018 |title=Facebook fights fake news with author info, rolls out publisher context |url=https://techcrunch.com/2018/04/03/facebook-author-info/ |access-date=July 15, 2021 |website=[[TechCrunch]]}}</ref> === Babadi === Ka Tlhakole 2014, ''The New York Times'' e ne ya bega gore Wikipedia e ne e le mo maemong a botlhano mo lefatsheng lotlhe mo diwebosaeteng tsotlhe, e bolela gore "Ka dipono tsa ditsebe di le didikadike di le lesome le boferabobedi le palo e e ka nnang dikadikadike di le makgolo a le matlhano ya baeng ba ba kgethegileng ka kgwedi,&nbsp;... Wikipedia e latela fela Yahoo, Facebook, Microsoft, le Google, e leng yone e tona go di feta tsotlhe e na le &nbsp;baeng ba ba kgethegileng ba le didikadike di le 1.2." <ref name="small screen"/> Le fa go ntse jalo, maemo a yone a ne a wela kwa tlase go ya kwa maemong a bolesome le boraro lefatshe ka bophara ka Seetebosigo 2020 ka ntlha ya go tlhatloga ga go tuma ga diwebosaete tsa China tsa go reka dithoto mo inthaneteng. <ref name="Alexa"/> Webosaete e e ne ya boela mo maemong a yone go tloga ka Moranang 2022. <ref name="Alexa" /> Mo godimo ga kgolo ya palo ya dikwalo tsa yone, Wikipedia e kgonne go ipaya mo maemong a go nna webosaete ya metswedi ka kakaretso fa e sa le e tlhongwa ka 2001. Palo ya babadi ba Wikipedia lefatshe ka bophara e fitlheletse didikadike di le makgolo a mararo le masome a marataro le botlhano kwa bokhutlong jwa 2009. <ref name="365M" group="W">{{Cite web |last=West |first=Stuart |date=2010 |title=Wikipedia's Evolving Impact: slideshow presentation at TED2010 |url=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/TED2010%2C_Stuart_West_full_presentation_updated_with_January_data.pdf |access-date=February 3, 2023 |website=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Lenaneo la Inthanete Pew le Botshelo jwa Amerika le ne ya fitlhela gore bongwetharo jwa badirisi ba Inthanete ba kwa United States ba ne ba etela Wikipedia. Ka 2011, ''Business Insider'' e ne ya fa Wikipedia tlhwatlhwa ya didikadike tsa didolara di le nne fa e ne e letlelela di-ipapatso. <ref>{{Cite web |last=SAI |date=October 7, 2011 |title=The World's Most Valuable Startups |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/2011-digital-100#7-wikimedia-foundation-wikipedia-7 |access-date=June 14, 2014 |website=Business Insider}}</ref> Go ya ka "Patlisiso ya Babadi ba Wikipedia ya 2011", palogare ya dingwaga tsa babadi ba Wikipedia masome a mararo le borataro , ka tekatekano e e ka nnang teng fa gare ga bong. Mo e ka nnang sephatlo sa babadi ba Wikipedia ba etela lefelo le makgetho a a fetang botlhano ka kgwedi, mme palo e e tshwanang ya babadi ba batla Wikipedia ka tlhamalalo mo maduong a bone mo dienjeneng tsa tshenko. Mo e ka nnang palo ya masome a le mane le bosupa mo lekgolong (47%) ya babadi ba Wikipedia ga ba lemoge gore Wikipedia ke mokgatlho o o sa direng dipoelo. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |date=February 6, 2012 |title=Research: Wikipedia Readership Survey 2011/Results – Meta |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Research:Wikipedia_Readership_Survey_2011/Results |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131209125719/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Research:Wikipedia_Readership_Survey_2011/Results |archive-date=December 9, 2013 |access-date=April 16, 2014 |website=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki}}</ref> Go ema ka Tlhakole 2023, Wikipedia e ngoka didirisiwa tse di kgethegileng di le didikadike di le pedi kgwedi le kgwedi, mme Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e amogela&nbsp;dipono tsa ditsebe di le didikadike di le lesome kgwedi le kgwedi. <ref name="Wikimedia_Stats" group="W">{{Cite web |title=Wikistats – Statistics For Wikimedia Projects |url=https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/all-wikipedia-projects |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200711051858/https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/all-wikipedia-projects |archive-date=July 11, 2020 |access-date=August 8, 2023 |website=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> ==== Bolwetsi jwa Covid-19 ==== Ka nako ya [[Bolwetse jwa Mogare wa Khorona 2019|bolwetsi jwa lefatshe lotlhe jwa Covid-19]], go bega ga leroborobo le ga Wikipedia le ntwa kgatlhanong le tshedimosetso e e seng boammaaruri go ne ga elwa tlhoko ke babegadikgang ba ditšhabatšhaba, mme ga tlisa koketsego ya babadi ba Wikipedia ka kakaretso. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Dodds|first=Laurence|date=April 3, 2020|title=Why Wikipedia is winning against the coronavirus 'infodemic'-GB|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/2020/04/03/wikipedia-winning-against-coronavirus-infodemic/|access-date=February 3, 2023|issn=0307-1235}}</ref> Noam Cohen o ne a kwala mo ''Wired'' gore maiteko a Wikipedia a go lwantsha tshedimosetso e e seng nnete e e amanang le leroborobo le a ne a farologana le a diwebosaete tse dingwe tse ditona, a re, "Ntle le fa Twitter, Facebook le tse dingwe di ka ithuta go rarabolola tshedimosetso e e semg boammaaruri ka tsela e e botoka thata, Wikipedia e tla nna lefelo la bofelo le le gaisang mo Inthaneteng." <ref name="Cohen-2020" /> Ka Phalane 2020, [[World Health Organisation|Mokgatlho wa Lefatshe Lotlhe wa Botsogo]] o wa dira kitsiso ya gore o ntsha ka kgololesego teseletso ya ditshwantsho tsa ithunthuntso tsa one le dilo tse dingwe go dirisiwa mo mananeong a Wikimedia. <ref>{{Cite news|date=October 22, 2020|title=Wikipedia and W.H.O. Join to Combat Covid-19 Misinformation|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/22/health/wikipedia-who-coronavirus-health.html|access-date=February 3, 2023}}</ref> Go ne go na le dikwalo tsa Wikipedia tse di amanang le COVID-19 di ka nna dikete di le bosupa mo diWikipedia go ralala DiWikipedia tse di lekgolo le masome a le boferabobedi le boferabobedi tse di farologaneng, go ema ka Ngwanatseele 2021. <sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia&action=edit &#x5B; tlhabolola &#x5D;]</sup> [[Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from November 2021]] [[Category:All articles containing potentially dated statements]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kenton |first=Amanda |last2=Humborg |first2=Christian |date=November 29, 2021 |title=Digital regulation must empower people to make the internet better |url=https://techcrunch.com/2021/11/28/digital-regulation-must-empower-people-to-make-the-internet-better/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220530140630/https://techcrunch.com/2021/11/28/digital-regulation-must-empower-people-to-make-the-internet-better/ |archive-date=May 30, 2022 |access-date=February 3, 2023 |website=[[TechCrunch]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFKentonHumborg2021">Kenton, Amanda; Humborg, Christian (November 29, 2021). [https://techcrunch.com/2021/11/28/digital-regulation-must-empower-people-to-make-the-internet-better/ "Digital regulation must empower people to make the internet better"]. ''[[TechCrunch]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220530140630/https://techcrunch.com/2021/11/28/digital-regulation-must-empower-people-to-make-the-internet-better/ Archived] from the original on May 30, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 3,</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Wales |first=Jimmy |date=August 26, 2021 |title=Learning to trust the internet again |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2021/8/26/learning-to-trust-the-internet-again |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210827002411/https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2021/8/26/learning-to-trust-the-internet-again |archive-date=August 27, 2021 |access-date=February 3, 2023 |website=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFWales2021">Wales, Jimmy (August 26, 2021). [https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2021/8/26/learning-to-trust-the-internet-again "Learning to trust the internet again"]. ''[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210827002411/https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2021/8/26/learning-to-trust-the-internet-again Archived] from the original on August 27, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 3,</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> === Bokao jwa Tlhotlheletso === [[File:Wikipedia_Monument_2.JPG|thumb|''Sefikantswe sa Wikipedia'' kwa Słubice, kwa Poland, se se dirilweng ke Mihran Hakobyan (2014)]] Diteng tsa Wikipedia gape di ile tsa dirisiwa mo dithutong, mo dibukeng, mo diphuthegong, le mo dikgetsing tsa kgotlatshekelo. <ref name="ssrn.com Wikipedian Justice 1">{{Cite journal |last=Sharma |first=Raghav |date=February 19, 2009 |title=Wikipedian Justice |doi=10.2139/ssrn.1346311 |s2cid=233749371 |ssrn=1346311}}</ref> Webosaete ya Palamente ya Canada e bua ka lekwalo la Wikipedia le le buang ka lenyalo la batho ba bong jo bo tshwanang mo karolong ya " dikgokagano tse di amanang le se" mo lenaneong la yone la "dipadi tse dingwe" tsa ''Molao wa Lenyalo la Semmuso'' . <ref name="parl.gc.ca same-sex marriage">{{Cite web |title=An Act respecting certain aspects of legal capacity for marriage for civil purposes |url=https://www.parl.ca/LegisInfo/en/bill/38-1/C-38?view=about |access-date=February 3, 2023 |website=LEGISinfo |publisher=[[Parliament of Canada]]}}</ref> Dipolelo tsa ensaetlolopedia e di ntse di dirisiwa thata jaaka motswedi ke mekgatlho e tshwana le dikgotlatshekelo tsa puso ya United States le Mokgatlho wa Lefatshe Lotlhe wa Dithoto Tsa Botlhale jwa tlhaloganyo —le mororo bogolo jang e le go tshegetsa tshedimosetso fela go na le gore tshedimosetso e e dirisiwe go tsaya tshwetso mo kgetsing. Diteng tse di tlhagelelang mo Wikipedia le tsone di ile tsa umakiwa jaaka motswedi le go umakiwa mo dipegong dingwe tsa Mokgatlho wa go tsaya ditlholwa wa United States . Ka Sedimonthole 2008, lekwalodikgang la maranyane ''la RNA Biology'' le ne la simolola karolo e ntšha ya go tlhalosa malapa a dimolekhule tsa RNA mme le tlhoka gore bakwadi ba ba neng ba na le seabe mo karolong e le bone ba romele lekwalo le le kwadilweng ka lelapa la RNA gore se gatisiwe mo Wikipedia. Wikipedia gape e dirisitswe jaaka motswedi mo bobegadikgannyeng, <ref name="ajr.org WP in the newsroom">{{Cite news|last1=Shaw|first1=Donna|date=February–March 2008|title=Wikipedia in the Newsroom|url=https://www.ajr.org/Article.asp?id=4461|access-date=February 11, 2008}}</ref> gantsi kwantle ga go tlhalosiwa, mme babegadikgang ba le mmalwa ba ile ba kobiwa mo ditirong ka ntlha ya go utswa diteng mo Wikipedia . <ref name="shizuoka plagiarized WP 1">{{Cite news|title=Shizuoka newspaper plagiarized Wikipedia article|date=July 5, 2007|url=https://www.japannewsreview.com/society/chubu/20070705page_id=364}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|last1=Richter|first1=Bob|date=January 9, 2007|title=Express-News staffer resigns after plagiarism in column is discovered|url=https://www.mysanantonio.com/news/metro/stories/MYSA010307.02A.richter.132c153.html}}</ref> <ref name="starbulletin.com Inquiry prompts dismissal">{{Cite web |last=Bridgewater |first=Frank |title=Inquiry prompts reporter's dismissal |url=https://archives.starbulletin.com/2006/01/13/news/story03.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230128202726/https://archives.starbulletin.com/2006/01/13/news/story03.html |archive-date=January 28, 2023 |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=[[Honolulu Star-Bulletin]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Coscarelli |first=Joe |date=July 29, 2014 |title=Plagiarizing Wikipedia Is Still Plagiarism, at BuzzFeed or the New York Times |url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2014/07/new-york-times-buzzfeed-wikipedia-plagiarism.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220818021218/https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2014/07/new-york-times-buzzfeed-wikipedia-plagiarism.html |archive-date=August 18, 2022 |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=Intelligencer |publisher=[[New York (magazine)|New York]]}}</ref> Ka 2006, bukana ya ''Time'' e ne ya lemoga go nna le seabe ga Wikipedia (mmogo le YouTube, Reddit, MySpace, le Facebook) mo kgolong e e bonako ya tirisanommogo mo inthaneteng le dipuisano tsa didikadike tsa batho lefatshe ka bophara. Ka Lwetse 16, 2007, ''The Washington Post'' e ne ya bega gore Wikipedia e ne e le selo se se botlhokwa thata mo letsholong la ditlhopho la 2008 kwa United States, e bua e re: "Go kwala leina la ntlhopheng mo Google, mme magareng ga maduo a ntlha go na le tsebe ya Wikipedia, go dira gore se se nne botlhokwa fela jaaka ipapatso epe fela e e tlhalosang ntlhopheng. Go setse go kwalwa le baakangwa dikwalo ka bontlhopheng ba maemo a botautona go ngangisanwa ka tsone makgetho a le mantsi letsatsi le letsatsi." <ref name="WP.com WP election usage">{{Cite news|date=September 17, 2007|title=On Wikipedia, Debating 2008 Hopefuls' Every Facet|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/09/16/AR2007091601699_pf.html|access-date=December 26, 2008}}</ref> Lekwlo la Reuters la Phalane 2007, la setlhogo sa "Tsebe ya Wikipedia letshwao la bosheng la maemo", le ne la bega gore mo bosheng go nna le lekwalo la Wikipedia le le buang ka wena go netefatsa go itsege ga motho. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Ablan|first=Jennifer|date=October 22, 2007|title=Wikipedia page the latest status symbol|work=[[Reuters]]|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/domesticNews/idUSN2232893820071022?sp=true|access-date=October 24, 2007}}</ref> Lengwe la makgetho a ntlha a Wikipedia e neng ya nna le seabe mo kgannyeng ya puso e ne e le ka Lwetse 28, 2007, fa Mopolotiki wa Moitaly e bong Franco Grillini a ne a botsa tona wa metswedi le ditiro tsa setso ka ga tlhokego ya kgololesego ya go bona dilo tsotlhe . O boletse gore go tlhoka kgololesego e e ntseng jalo go ne ga pateletsa Wikipedia, "webosaete ya bosupa e e batliwang thata", go thibela ditshwantsho tsotlhe tsa dikago le botaki jwa segompieno jwa Italy, mme a bolela gore se se senya thata lotseno lwa bajanala. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Grillini |first=Franco |author-link=Franco Grillini |date=March 30, 2009 |title=Comunicato Stampa. On. Franco Grillini. Wikipedia. Interrogazione a Rutelli. Con "diritto di panorama" promuovere arte e architettura contemporanea italiana. Rivedere con urgenza legge copyright |trans-title=Press release. Honorable Franco Grillini. Wikipedia. Interview with Rutelli about the "right to view" promoting contemporary art and architecture of Italy. Review with urgency copyright law |url=https://www.grillini.it/show.php?4885 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090330141810/https://www.grillini.it/show.php?4885 |archive-date=March 30, 2009 |access-date=December 26, 2008 |language=it}}</ref> [[File:Wikipedia,_an_introduction_-_Erasmus_Prize_2015.webm|thumbtime=00:36.00|thumb|Wikipedia, matseno – Seetsele sa Erasmus sa 2015]] [[File:Quadriga-verleihung-rr-02.jpg|thumb|Jimmy Wales o amogela seetsele sa 2008 sa Quadriga sa ''Letsholo la Tshedimosetso'' mo boemong jwa Wikipedia.]] Setlhopha sa tiro se se neng se eteletswe pele ke Peter Stone ( se se neng se tlhamilwe jaaka karolo ya lenaneo kwa Stanford la Thutopatlisiso ya Dingwaga di le Lekgolo ka Botlhale jwa Maitirelo ) mo pegong ya sone se ne sa bitsa Wikipedia "sekai se se itsegeng thata sa go batla batho ba le bantsi .{{nbsp}}... se se fetang thata metswedi ya tshedimosetso e e kokoantsweng ka fa go tlwaelesegileng ka teng, e tshwana le diensaetlolopedia le dithanolo, ka selekanyo le boteng". <ref>{{Cite web |last=<!-- Staff writer(s); no by-line. --> |date=September 2016 |title=Artificial Intelligence and Life in 2030 |url=https://ai100.stanford.edu/2016-report/section-i-what-artificial-intelligence/ai-research-trends |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221208003001/https://ai100.stanford.edu/2016-report/section-i-what-artificial-intelligence/ai-research-trends |archive-date=December 8, 2022 |access-date=September 3, 2016 |website=One Hundred Year Study on Artificial Intelligence (AI100) |publisher=[[Stanford University]]}}</ref> Mo setlhogong sa kakanyo sa 2017 sa ''Wired'', Hossein Derakhshan o tlhalosa Wikipedia jaaka " nngwe ya dipilara tsa bofelo tse di setseng tsa webo e e bulegileng le e e sa tlhomamang " mme a bapisa go nna teng ga yone jaaka motswedi wa kitso e e theilweng mo dikwalong le ditirelo tsa dikgang le tsa neteweke ya botsalano, mme tsone di dirisiwa thata jaaka thelebishene. Mo go Derakhshan, maikaelelo a Wikipedia jaaka ensaetlolopedia a emela ngwao ya Motlha wa Tshedimoso wa go dirisa tlhaloganyo go fenya maikutlo, selo se a se tsayang se le "mo kotsing" ka ntlha ya "go fetoga ka iketlo go tswa mo setsong sa go kwala go ya kwa go sa go tsaya dinepe, se se rayang go fetoga go tswa mo tirisong ya tlhaloganyo go ya kwa maikutlong, go tsamaelana le bodiragatsi". Go na le " {{Lang|la|[[sapere aude]]}} " ( {{literal translation|dare to know|lk=on}} go batla go itse), dineteweke tsa botsalano di dirile gore go nne le setso sa "go se go nne le sebete sa go batla go itse". Se se diragala gape fa Wikipedia e lebagane le "bothata jo bo tshwenyang thata" go feta go tlamelwa ka madi, e leng "seelo se se fokotsegang sa kgolo ya palo ya ba ba tsenyang letsogo mo webosaeteng". Ka ntlha ya mo, kgwetlho ya Wikipedia le ba ba e dirisang ke go "boloka Wikipedia le tsholofetso ya yone ya kokoanyo ya mahala le e e bulegileng ya kitso yotlhe ya batho mo gare ga phenyo ya thelebishene e ntšha le ya bogologolo—kafa go ka kokoanngwang le go bolokwa kitso ka teng fa go sena ope yo o kgathalang ka go itse." <ref>{{Cite news|last=Derakhshan|first=Hossein|author-link=Hossein Derakhshan|date=October 19, 2017|title=How Social Media Endangers Knowledge|url=https://www.wired.com/story/wikipedias-fate-shows-how-the-web-endangers-knowledge/|department=Business|magazine=[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]]|publisher=Condé Nast|issn=1059-1028|access-date=October 22, 2018}}</ref> ==== Dietsele ==== [[File:Wikipedia_team_visiting_to_Parliament_of_Oviedo_Spain_2015.JPG|thumb|Setlhopha sa Wikipedia se etetse Palamente ya Asturias]] [[File:Spanish_Wikipedians_meetup.jpg|thumb|Kopano ya badirisi ba Wikipedia morago ga moletlo wa kabo dietsele wa Asturias wa 2015]] Wikipedia e fentse dietsele di le dintsi, e amogetse dietsele tsa yone tsa ntlha tse pedi tse di tona ka Motsheganong 2004. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Trophy shelf |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Trophy_shelf |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki}}</ref> Sa ntlha e ne e le Nica ya Gauta ya Merafe ya Dijithale ya kgaisano ya ngwaga le ngwaga ya Prix Ars Electronica ; se se ne sa tla ka thuso ya madi a a kana ka €10 000 (£6 588; $12 700) le taletso ya go diragatsa go ipolela kwa Moletlong wa PAE Cyberarts kwa Austria moragonyana mo ngwageng oo. Sa bobedi e ne e le Sekgele sa Webby sa Baatlhodi sa setlhogo sa "morafe". <ref name="webbyawards WP awards 1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.webbyawards.com/webbys/winners-2004.php|title=Webby Awards 2004|publisher=The International Academy of Digital Arts and Sciences|year=2004}}</ref> Ka Lwetse 2008, Wikipedia e ne ya amogela seetsele sa Quadriga sa ''Letsholo la Tshedimosetso'' sa lephata la Jeremane mmogo le Boris Tadić, Eckart Höfling, le Peter Gabriel . Seetsele se se ne sa abelwa Wales ke David Weinberger . <ref name="loomarea.com WP award 1">{{Cite web |title=Die Quadriga – Award 2008 |url=https://loomarea.com/die_quadriga/e/index.php?title=Award_2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080915140714/https://loomarea.com/die_quadriga/e/index.php?title=Award_2008 |archive-date=September 15, 2008 |access-date=December 26, 2008}}</ref> Ka 2015, Wikipedia e ne ya abelwa gotlhe Seetsele sa ngwaga le ngwaga sa Erasmus,se se akgolang ditshwaelo tse di kgethegileng mo setsong, mo setšhabeng kgotsa mo dithutong tsa batho, <ref name="EP2015">{{Cite web |title=Erasmus Prize – Praemium Erasmianum |url=https://www.erasmusprijs.org/?lang=en&page=Erasmusprijs |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150115214241/https://www.erasmusprijs.org/?lang=en&page=Erasmusprijs |archive-date=January 15, 2015 |access-date=January 15, 2015 |website=Praemium Erasmianum Foundation}}</ref> le Seetsele sa Kgosigadi ya Asturias sa Tirisanommogo ya Boditšhabatšhaba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Premio Princesa de Asturias de Cooperación Internacional 2015 |trans-title=Princess of Asturias Award of International Cooperation 2015 |url=https://www.fpa.es/es/premios-princesa-de-asturias/premiados/2015-wikipedia.html?especifica=0&idCategoria=0&anio=2015&especifica=0 |access-date=June 17, 2015 |website=Fundación Princesa de Asturias |language=es}}</ref> Fa a bua kwa Palamenteng ya Asturia kwa Oviedo, toropo e e tshwarang moletlo wa dietsele, Jimmy Wales o ne a akgola tiro ya badirisi ba Wikipedia ya Asturia . <ref>{{Cite news|date=October 22, 2015|title=Los fundadores de Wikipedia destacan la versión en asturiano|language=es|newspaper=La Nueva España|url=https://www.lne.es/sociedad-cultura/2015/10/22/fundadores-wikipedia-destacan-version-asturiano/1830529.html|access-date=October 20, 2015}}</ref> ==== Metlae ==== Rrametlae Stephen Colbert o tshwantshitse kgotsa o umakile Wikipedia mo dikarolong di le mmalwa mo pontshong ya gagwe ya ''The Colbert Report'' mme a tlhama lefoko le le amanang le lone la ''wikiality'', le le rayang gore "mmogo re ka tlhama boammaaruri jo rotlhe re dumalanang ka jone—boammaaruri jo re sa tswang go dumalana ka jone". Sekai se sengwe se ka bonwa mo go "Wikipedia e Keteka Dingwaga di le makgolo a le masupa le masome a le matlhano tsa Boipuso jwa Amerika", lekwalo la tsebe ya ntlha ya Phukwi 2006 mo ''The Onion'', <ref name="onion WP 750 years 1">{{Cite web |date=July 26, 2006 |title=Wikipedia Celebrates 750 Years Of American Independence |url=https://www.theonion.com/articles/wikipedia-celebrates-750-years-of-american-indepen,2007/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100325234026/http://www.theonion.com/articles/wikipedia-celebrates-750-years-of-american-indepen,2007/ |archive-date=March 25, 2010 |access-date=October 15, 2006 |website=[[The Onion]]}}</ref> mmogo le lekwalo mo ''The Onion la'' 2010 la "Molao wa LA' Tsebe ya Wikipedia e Lebilweng Makgetho a le makgolo a le boferabobedi le masome a le bosupa le bone Gompieno". <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 24, 2010 |title='L.A. Law' Wikipedia Page Viewed 874 Times Today |url=https://www.theonion.com/articles/la-law-wikipedia-page-viewed-874-times-today,18521/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150405113731/http://www.theonion.com/articles/la-law-wikipedia-page-viewed-874-times-today,18521/ |archive-date=April 5, 2015 |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=[[The Onion]]}}</ref> Mo tiragalong ya metlae ya thelebišene ya Amerika ya Moranang 2007 ya ''The Office'', motsamaisi wa ofisi ( Michael Scott ) o bontshiwa a ikaegile ka lekwalo la kakanyetso laWikipedia go bona tshedimosetso ka maano a dipuisano go mo thusa go buisana ka tuelo e e kwa tlase ya mmereki. Babogedi ba lenaneo le ba ne ba leka go oketsa go umakiwa ga tsebe e mo tiragalong e jaaka karolo ya setlhogo sa mmatota sa Wikipedia se se buang ka dipuisano, mme maiteko a a ne a thibelwa ke badirisi ba bangwe mo tsebeng ya puisano ya setlhogo se. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Jesdanun|first=Anick|date=April 12, 2007|title='Office' fans, inspired by Michael Scott, flock to edit Wikipedia|newspaper=[[USA Today]]|url=https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/tech/webguide/internetlife/2007-04-12-office-wikipedia_N.htm|access-date=December 12, 2014}}</ref> " My Number One Doctor ", e leng karolo ya 2007 ya lenaneo la thelebišene ''la Scrubs'', e ne e tshameka ka kgopolo ya gore Wikipedia ke sedirisiwa se se sa ikanyegeng sa motswedi, go na le tiragalo e mo go yone Perry Cox a tsibogelang molwetse mongwe yo o reng lekwalo la Wikipedia le mmontsha gore go ja dijo tse di sa butswang go busetsa morago ditlamorago tsa kankere ya marapo mme a tlatsa gore mokwadi wa lekwalo leo ke yo o kwadileng la Kaedi ya dipontsho tsa lenaneo la Battlestar Galactica gape. Ka 2008, webosaete ya metlae ''ya CollegeHumor'' e ne ya tlhagisa motshameko wa ditshwantsho o o bidiwang "Morutuntshi Wikipedia", se mo go sone Morutuntshi Wikipedia wa maitirelo a laelang baithuti ka motswako wa dipolelo tse di sa netefadiweng le tse di sa utlwaleng sentle fale le fale.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Frucci |first=Adam |date=September 16, 2008 |title=If Wikipedia Was a Professor, College Would Be Awesome [Citation Needed] |url=https://gizmodo.com/if-wikipedia-was-a-professor-college-would-be-awesome-5050507 |access-date=May 28, 2026 |website=Gizmodo}}</ref> Motshameko wa metlae ''wa ga Dilbert'' wa Motsheganong a le boferabobedi, 2009, o bontsha moanelwa yo o tshegetsang polelo e e sa kgonegeng ka go re, "Mphe metsotso e le lesome mme o bo o tlhola Wikipedia." Ka Phukwi 2009, BBC Radio 4 e ne ya gasa motseletsele wa metlae e e bidiwang ''Bigipedia'', e e neng e beilwe mo webosaeteng e e neng e le setshwantsho sa Wikipedia. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Wolf |first=Ian |date=June 4, 2010 |title=Bigipedia given second series |url=https://www.comedy.co.uk/radio/news/319/bigipedia_given_second_series/ |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=[[British Comedy Guide]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFWolf2010">Wolf, Ian (June 4, 2010). [https://www.comedy.co.uk/radio/news/319/bigipedia_given_second_series/ "Bigipedia given second series"]. ''[[British Comedy Guide]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 4,</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Mengwe ya metshameko e e ne e tlhotlheleditswe ka tlhamalalo ke Wikipedia le dikwalo tsa yone. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Interview With Nick Doody and Matt Kirshen |url=https://www.comedy.org.uk/guide/radio/bigipedia/interview/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090731150008/http://www.comedy.org.uk/guide/radio/bigipedia/interview |archive-date=July 31, 2009 |access-date=July 31, 2009 |website=[[British Comedy Guide]]}}</ref> Ka Phatwe 23, 2013, webosaete ya ''New Yorker'' e ne ya gatisa dipopae tse di nang le mafoko a : "Hee, Manning, a o akanyeditse ntwa ya maemedi e se se tsileng go e simolola mo tsebeng ya gago ya Wikipedia?" <ref>{{Cite web |last=Flake |first=Emily |author-link=Emily Flake |date=August 23, 2013 |title=Manning/Wikipedia cartoon |url=https://www.condenaststore.com/-sp/Dammit-Manning-have-you-considered-the-pronoun-war-that-this-is-going-t-Cartoon-Prints_i9813981_.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012052730/https://www.condenaststore.com/-sp/Dammit-Manning-have-you-considered-the-pronoun-war-that-this-is-going-t-Cartoon-Prints_i9813981_.htm |archive-date=October 12, 2014 |access-date=August 26, 2013 |website=Conde Nast Collection}}</ref> Dipopae tse di ne di bua ka Chelsea Elizabeth Manning (yo o tshotsweng e le Bradley Edward Manning), molweladitshwanelo wa Moamerika, mopolotiki, le lesole la nako e e fetileng la Sesole sa United States yo o neng a sa tswa go tswa e le mosadi yo o fetogileng bong . <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 22, 2013 |title='I am Chelsea': Read Manning's full statement |url=http://www.today.com/news/i-am-chelsea-read-mannings-full-statement-6C10974052 |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=[[Today (American TV program)|Today]]}}</ref> Ka Seetebosigo 2024, ''Nature'' e ne ya gatisa tsebe ya puisano ya Wikipedia e e itlhametsweng ka fa tlase ga setlhogo se se reng "Fankase e e jang polasetiki e bakile letsatsi la katlholo" ka Emma Burnett. Tsebe e ya puisano e ne e amana le setlhogo se se itlhametsweng se se tlhalosang ditlamorago tse di sa ikaelelwang tsa go gololwa ga fankase e e jang polasetiki go phepafatsa mahura a a tsholotsweng. Lekwalo le le ne le na le ditlhogo tsa tsebe ya puisano tse di fitlhelwang mo Wikipedia, jaaka dipuisano tsa diphetogo mo tshekatshekong ya lekwalo. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Burnett |first=Emma |date=June 12, 2024 |title=Plastic-eating fungus caused doomsday[2] [3] |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-01723-z |journal=Nature |doi=10.1038/d41586-024-01723-z |issn=0028-0836 |pmid=38867010 |access-date=May 28, 2026 |doi-access=free}}</ref> === Kgatiso === [[File:WikiMedia_DC_2013_Annual_Meeting_08.JPG|right|thumb|Setlhopha sa Badiri ba Wikimedia ba kgaolo ya Wikimedia DC kwa phuthegong ya ngwaga le ngwaga ya Wikimedia ya DC ya 2013 ba eme fa pele ga ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' ''(kwa morago ka fa molemeng)'' kwa Bobolokelong jwa setšhaba jwa Amerika]] Ditlamorago tsa itsholelo tsa Wikipedia tse di bonalang thata e nnile loso lwa diensaetlolopedia tsa kgwebo, segolobogolo diphetolelo tse di gatisitsweng jaaka ''Encyclopædia Britannica'', tse di neng di sa kgone go gaisana le tse dingwe tsa mahala. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bosman |first=Julie |date=March 13, 2012 |title=After 244 Years, Encyclopaedia Britannica Stops the Presses |url=https://mediadecoder.blogs.nytimes.com//2012/03/13/after-244-years-encyclopaedia-britannica-stops-the-presses/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103001340/https://archive.nytimes.com/mediadecoder.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/03/13/after-244-years-encyclopaedia-britannica-stops-the-presses/ |archive-date=January 3, 2023 |access-date=January 26, 2015 |website=The New York Times}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 20, 2012 |title=Encyclopedia Britannica Dies At The Hands Of Wikipedia [Infographic] |url=https://www.gizmocrazed.com/2012/03/encyclopedia-britannica-dies-at-the-hands-of-wikipedia-infographic/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140629152825/http://www.gizmocrazed.com/2012/03/encyclopedia-britannica-dies-at-the-hands-of-wikipedia-infographic/ |archive-date=June 29, 2014 |access-date=June 14, 2014 |website=GizmoCrazed}}</ref> <ref name="FT effect on traditional media">{{Cite news|archiveurl=Christopher Caldwell (journalist)}}</ref> Padi ya ga Nicholas Carr ya 2005 ya "The amorality of Web 2.0 " e kgala diwebosaete tse di nang le diteng tse di tlhamilweng ke badirisi (jaaka Wikipedia) ka ntlha ya go dira gore batlhagisi ba diteng ba baitseanape (le, go ya ka pono ya gagwe, ba ba kwa godimo) ba tswe mo kgwebong, ka gonne "mahala a feta boleng ka dinako tsotlhe". Carr o ne a kwala gore "Se se tlhagelelang mo diponong tse di itumedisang tsa Web 2.0 ke taolo ya batho ba ba senang maitemogelo thata. Nna ga ke kgone go akanya ka sepe se se tshosang go feta se." <ref name="RType WP traditional media effect 1">{{Cite web |last=Carr |first=Nicholas |author-link=Nicholas G. Carr |date=October 3, 2005 |title=The amorality of Web 2.0 |url=https://www.roughtype.com/archives/2005/10/the_amorality_o.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220804031256/https://www.roughtype.com/?p=110 |archive-date=August 4, 2022 |access-date=July 15, 2006 |website=Rough Type}}</ref> Ba bangwe ba ganetsa mogopolo wa gore Wikipedia, kana maiteko a a tshwanang le yone, a tla tlosa dikgatiso tse di tlwaelesegileng gotlhe gotlhe. Chris Anderson, yo e kileng ya bo e le morulaganyi-mogolo wa ''Wired'', o ne a kwala mo go ''Nature'' gore mokgwa wa Wikipedia wa " botlhale jwa matshwititswiti " ga o kitla o tsaya maemo a dibukana tse di kwa godimo tsa Maranyane tse di nang le dithulaganyo tse di gagametseng tsa go sekasekwa . Tlhotlheletso ya Wikipedia mo kgwebong ya go gatisa dibuka tsa matshelo a batho e nnile selo se se tshwenyang bangwe. Molatedi wa tshedimosetso ya go gatisa dibuka Nielsen BookScan o boletse ka 2013 gore thekiso ya dibuka tsa matshelo a batho e ne ya wela tlase "ka mashetla tota". <ref name="Flood-2013" /> Kathryn Hughes, motlhatlheledi wa go kwala botshelo kwa Sekolong sa dithuto tse dikgolwane sa East Anglia le mokwadi wa dibuka tse pedi tsa botshelo jwa motho o ne a kwala jaana, "Se se tshwenyang ke gore, fa o ka kgona go bona tshedimosetso eo yotlhe go tswa mo Wikipedia, go setse eng sa botshelo jwa motho?" <ref name="Flood-2013">{{Cite news|last=Flood|first=Alison|date=February 7, 2013|title=Alison Flood: ''Should traditional biography be buried alongside Shakespeare's breakfast?''|journal=[[The Guardian]]|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/booksblog/2013/feb/07/traditional-biography-shakespeare-breakfast|access-date=June 14, 2014}}</ref> === Tiriso mo patlisisong === Wikipedia e dirisitswe thata jaaka khophase ya patlisiso ya dipuo mo thutapuong ya dikhompiutara, go batla tshedimosetso le go dirisa puo ya tlholego . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mayo |first=Matthew |date=November 23, 2017 |title=Building a Wikipedia Text Corpus for Natural Language Processing |url=https://www.kdnuggets.com/building-a-wikipedia-text-corpus-for-natural-language-processing.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230528034621/https://www.kdnuggets.com/2017/11/building-wikipedia-text-corpus-nlp.html |archive-date=May 28, 2023 |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=KDnuggets}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Lindemann |first=Luke |date=February 19, 2021 |title=Wikipedia Corpus |url=https://lukelindemann.com/wiki_corpus.html |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=lukelindemann.com}}</ref> Segolobogolo, gantsi e dira jaaka motheo wa kitso o o ikaeletseng bothata jwa go golaganya dilo, jo morago ga moo bo bidiwang "wikification", le bothata jo bo amanang le jone jwa go tlhalosa bokao jwa mafoko . Mekgwa e e tshwanang le wikification e ka dirisiwa gape go batla dikgokagano tse di "tlhaelang" mo Wikipedia. Ka 2015, babatlisisi ba Fora e bong José Lages wa Sekolo sa dithuto tse dikgolwane sa Franche-Comté kwa Besançon le Dima Shepelyansky wa Sekolo sa dithuto tse dikgolwane sa Paul Sabatier kwa Toulouse ba ne ba gatisa maemo a dikolo tse dikgolwane tsa ithutelo ditiro tsa lefatshe lotlhe go ya ka dinopolo tsa barutegi tsa Wikipedia. <ref name="mitmining">{{Cite news|title=Wikipedia-Mining Algorithm Reveals World's Most Influential Universities: An algorithm's list of the most influential universities contains some surprising entries|url=https://www.technologyreview.com/view/544266/wikipedia-mining-algorithm-reveals-worlds-most-influential-universities/|access-date=December 27, 2015|work=[[MIT Technology Review]]|date=December 7, 2015|archivedate=February 1, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160201174817/https://www.technologyreview.com/view/544266/wikipedia-mining-algorithm-reveals-worlds-most-influential-universities/}}</ref> <ref name="harvardisonlymarmow">{{Cite news|title=Harvard is only the 3rd most influential university in the world, according to this list|url=https://www.marketwatch.com/story/two-universities-beat-harvard-in-this-surprising-school-ranking-2015-12-09|access-date=December 27, 2015|work=[[MarketWatch]]|date=December 10, 2015}}</ref> <ref name="wikipediarankingtimesworldunifranche">{{Cite news|title=Wikipedia Ranking of World Universities: the top 100. List ranks institutions by search engine results and Wikipedia appearances|url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/features/wikipedia-ranking-world-universities-top-100|access-date=December 27, 2015|work=[[Times Higher Education]]|date=December 15, 2015}}</ref> Ba dirisitse PageRank, CheiRank le dithulaganyo tse di tshwanang " di latelwa ke palo ya go tlhagelela mo dikgatisong di le masome a mabedi le bone tsa dipuo tse di farologaneng tsa Wikipedia (tatelano e e fologang) le lekgolo la dingwaga le di tlhomilweng mo go lone (tatelano e e tlhatlogang)". <ref name="wikipediarankingtimesworldunifranche" /> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lages, J. |last2=Patt, A. |last3=Shepelyansky, D. |year=2016 |title=Wikipedia ranking of world universities |journal=[[European Physical Journal B|Eur. Phys. J. B]] |volume=89 |page=69 |arxiv=1511.09021 |bibcode=2016EPJB...89...69L |doi=10.1140/epjb/e2016-60922-0 |s2cid=1965378}}</ref> Patlisiso e e ne ya tlhabololwa ka 2019. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Coquidé, C. |last2=Lages, J. |last3=Shepelyansky, D.L. |year=2019 |title=World influence and interactions of universities from Wikipedia networks. |journal=[[European Physical Journal B|Eur. Phys. J. B]] |volume=92 |page=3 |arxiv=1809.00332 |bibcode=2019EPJB...92....3C |doi=10.1140/epjb/e2018-90532-7 |s2cid=52154548}}</ref> Ka Sedimonthole 2015, John Julius Norwich o boletse, mo lekwalong le le gatisitsweng mo pampiring ya dikgang ya ''The Times'', gore jaaka rraditso o ne a dirisa Wikipedia "makgetho a ka nna lesome le bobedi ka letsatsi", mme "ga ise e mo lapise". O ne a e tlhalosa e le "motswedi o o mosola jaaka ope fela o o leng teng", o o nang le mefuta e e anameng mo e leng gore ga go kgonege go bona motho, lefelo, kgotsa selo se e se tlogetseng go sa buiwa ka sone le gore o ne a ka se ka a kwala dibuka tsa gagwe tse pedi tsa bofelo kwa ntle ga yone. <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 13, 2015 |title=All hail Wikipedia |url=https://www.thetimes.com/article/all-hail-wikipedia-l6t9cnhkl5m |access-date=October 1, 2024 |website=The Times}}</ref> Thutopatlisiso ya MIT ya 2017 e supa gore mafoko a a dirisiwang mo dikwalong tsa Wikipedia a feleletsa a le mo dikgatisong tsa maranyane. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Thompson |first=Neil |last2=Hanley |first2=Douglas |date=February 13, 2018 |title=Science Is Shaped by Wikipedia: Evidence From a Randomized Control Trial |journal=MIT Sloan Research Paper No. 5238-17 |location=Rochester, NY |doi=10.2139/ssrn.3039505 |s2cid=30918097 |ssrn=3039505 |via=[[SSRN]]}}</ref> Dithuto tse di amanang le Wikipedia di ntse di dirisa go ithuta ka motšhini le botlhale jwa maitirelo <ref name="NYT-20230718">{{Cite news|last=Gertner|first=Jon|title=Wikipedia's Moment of Truth – Can the online encyclopedia help teach A.I. chatbots to get their facts right — without destroying itself in the process? + comment|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/07/18/magazine/wikipedia-ai-chatgpt.html#permid=126389255|date=July 18, 2023|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=July 19, 2023}}</ref> go tshegetsa ditiro tse di farologaneng. Nngwe ya dikarolo tse di botlhokwa thata ke go lemoga ka go itirisa ga go senngwa ga dikwalo le go sekaseka boleng jwa tshedimosetso mo Wikipedia. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Asthana |first=Sumit |last2=Halfaker |first2=Aaron |author-link2=Aaron Halfaker |date=November 2018 |editor-last=Lampe |editor-first=Cliff |title=With Few Eyes, All Hoaxes are Deep |journal=Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction |location=New York City |publisher=[[Association for Computing Machinery]] |volume=2 |issue=CSCW |at=21 |doi=10.1145/3274290 |issn=2573-0142 |doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Petroni |first=Fabio |last2=Broscheit |first2=Samuel |last3=Piktus |first3=Aleksandra |last4=Lewis |first4=Patrick |last5=Izacard |first5=Gautier |last6=Hosseini |first6=Lucas |last7=Dwivedi-Yu |first7=Jane |last8=Lomeli |first8=Maria |last9=Schick |first9=Timo |last10=Bevilacqua |first10=Michele |last11=Mazaré |first11=Pierre-Emmanuel |last12=Joulin |first12=Armand |last13=Grave |first13=Edouard |last14=Riedel |first14=Sebastian |date=2023 |title=Improving Wikipedia verifiability with AI |journal=[[Nature Machine Intelligence]] |volume=5 |issue=10 |pages=1142–1148 |arxiv=2207.06220 |doi=10.1038/s42256-023-00726-1 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Mananeo a a tsamaelanang == Diensaetlolopedia di le mmalwa tse di dirisanang tsa bobegakgang tse di akaretsang diphetolo tse di kwadilweng ke setšhaba di ne di le teng bogologolo pele ga Wikipedia e tlhongwa. Ya ntlha ya tsone e ne e le Lenaneo la BBC Domesday la 1986, le le neng le akaretsa mokwalo (o o tsentsweng mo dikhomphuteng tsa BBC Micro ) le dinepe go tswa mo bathong ba ba neng ba tsaa karolo ba feta sedikadike kwa UK, mme e ne e akaretsa thuto ka lefelo, botaki le ngwao ya UK. E ne e le ensaetlolopedia ya ntlha ya bobegakgang e e dipego (mme gape e ne e le yone ya ntlha e e tona ya bobegakgang e e golagantsweng ka dikgolagano tsa mo teng), ka bontsi jwa dikwalo di fitlhelelwa ka moalo wa UK. Setshwantsho sa bodirisi le karolo ya diteng tsa Lenaneo la Domesday di ne tsa dirwa mo webosaeteng go fitlha ka 2008 . Diensaetlolopedia di le mmalwa tse di nang le diteng tse di gololesegileng, tse di dirisanang mmogo di ne tsa tlhamiwa ka nako e le nngwe le Wikipedia (sekai , Everything2 ), mme moragonyana di le dintsi di ne tsa kopanngwa mo lenaneong le(sekai, GNE ). <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=The Free Encyclopedia Project |url=https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/encyclopedia.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250916022442/https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/encyclopedia.html |archive-date=September 16, 2025 |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=GNU Operating System}}</ref> Nngwe ya diensaetlolopedia tsa bogologolo tsa mo inthaneteng tse di atlegileng thata tse di neng di akaretsa dikwalo tsa batho e ne e le h2g2, e e neng ya tlhamiwa ke Douglas Adams ka 1999 . Ensaetlolopedia ya h2g2 e ne e sa gagamala thata, e remeletse mo dikwalong tse di nang le metlae mme gape di ruta. Diwebosaete tsa kitso ya tirisanommogo tse di neng tsa latela di tlhotlheleditswe ke Wikipedia. Tse dingwe di dirisa tshekatsheko e e tlwaelesegileng ya balekane, di tshwana le ''Ensaetlolopedia ya Botshelo'' le diensaetlolopedia tsa mo inthaneteng tsa wiki ''tsa Scholarpedia'' le Citizendium . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Encyclopedia of Life |url=http://naturalhistory.si.edu/research/eol |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=[[National Museum of Natural History]] |publisher=[[Smithsonian Institution|Smithsonian]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Scholarpedia: the free peer-reviewed encyclopedia |url=http://applied-neuroscience.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=79 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120222104006/http://applied-neuroscience.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=79 |archive-date=February 22, 2012 |website=Society of Applied Neuroscience}}</ref> Ya bofelo e simolotswe ke Sanger ka maiteko a go tlhama mofuta o mongwe o o ikanyegang wa Wikipedia. <ref name="JayLyman">{{Cite news|first=Jay|last=Lyman|url=https://www.crmbuyer.com/story/53137.html|title=Wikipedia Co-Founder Planning New Expert-Authored Site|publisher=LinuxInsider|date=September 20, 2006|access-date=June 27, 2007}}</ref> n2ecd5di8y8xgg4miljvgpcbauqrg3j 0 2987 53483 48080 2026-07-28T14:15:06Z JudithShe 9421 Ke okeditse thanolo ya tsebe e #Wikipedia25BW 53483 wikitext text/x-wiki {{merge|Matsieng footprints}} {{fix}} [[Setshwantsho:Botswana physical map.svg|thumb]] Dikgato tsa lenao la ga '''Matsieng ''' ke go gabiwa ga dikgato tse di bonweng kwa borwa jwa [[Botswana]] mo bokone jwa toropo kgolo ya Botswana ebong [[Gaborone ]]labofelo ngwaga wa makgolokgolo a mabedi, ngwao e tlhalosa ka mogaka wa badimo ba Batswana (ngwao ya morafe) yo o neng a etelela batho go aga mo bogareng jwa lefatshe. Lefelo le le batlile go tlholwa ke merafe wa Basarwa ba bogologolo. Dikgato tse ga di bonale o kare ke tsa nnete ka tholo,ka jalo mongwe o ka di bona o kare ke dikgato tse di tshwantshitsweng. Metsi aa mo mesimeng go dumelwa fa a dirisiwa mo ditirelong tsa morafe gape go solofelwa gore dikgato tse e ka tswa e le bontlha bongwe jwa ditirelo tse di neng di direlwa gaufi le mesima ya metsi kgotsa se e ka tswa e ne e le ditsheto tsa bogologolo. Lefelo le le nale digajo di le lekgolo,lesome le bosupa le mesima e le meraro mo mantsweng ee gabilweng gare ga<ref>Popego ya lefatshe ya Botswerere jwa matlapa ka Christopher Chippindale, George Nash</ref>ga ngwaga tse di makgolokgolo a le mararo le makgolokgolo a le lesome<ref>Popego ya lefatshe ya Botswerere jwa matlapa ka Christopher Chippindale, George Nash</ref>. == Thutamarope == Matsieng ke lefelo le le kwa borwa-bolthaba jwa [[Botswana]], gaufi le toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. Le itsege ka botaki jwa majwe kgotsa go gabiwa ga majwe mo go bidiwang Matsieng Footprints. Lefelo le le na le dikhuti tse go akanngwang di ka tswa di tlhamilwe ke makgwamolelo. A tlala ka metsi, mme gape gantsi batho ba mo gae ba a dirisa go baya metsi. Go na le mahuti a mabedi a a boteng mo lefelong leo; kwa bokone botlhaba ke kwa bontsi jwa btaki bo fitlhelwang teng.<ref name=":0">Walker, Nick (1997). "In the Footsteps of the Ancestors: The Matsieng Creation Site in Botswana". ''South African Archaeological Bulletin''. '''52''' (166): 95–104. doi:[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3889074?origin=crossref 10.2307/3889074]. JSTOR&nbsp;3889074.</ref> Bontsi jwa lefel le na le dikgato tse di gabilweng, tsa batho le tsa diphologolo, mme gape go na le ditshupo tsa diphologolo tse di tlwaelesegileng jaaka dithutlwa. Dikgato di dirilwe ka go kobonya, tsela ga go gaba ya batho ba bogologolo.<ref name=":1">Van Der Ryst, Maria; Lombard, Marlize; Biemond, Wim (2004). "Rocks of Potency: Engravings and Cupules from the Dovedale Ward, Southern Tuli Block, Botswana". ''South African Archaeological Bulletin''. '''59''': 1–11. doi:[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3889317 10.2307/3889317.] JSTOR&nbsp;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3889317 3889317.]</ref> Mo lefelong le, go na le bosupi jwa dilo tse di epolotsweng tsa bogologolo tse di kwadilweng kgwedi ya pele ga motlha wa lejwe, mme dibago tsone di ka tswa di dirilwe pele ke batsomi, kgotsa borrarona mogolwagolwane ba Basarwa.<ref name=":0" /> Matsieng o mogodimo ga majwe a motlhaba. Lefelo le le ne le dirisiwa e le lehuti la metsi la diruiwa tsa badisa ebile mekwalo le botaki jo bo koo bo itemogetse tshenyego ka ntlha ya go tsamaya kwa lefelong leo ka dinao mo go ntsi go fitlhelela mo bosheng. Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe lesome le borobabobedi, tshekatsheko ya dikgato tsa Matsieng ne ya diriwa ke Maria Wilman, o a neng a tsaya motshaso wa mekwalo e e farologaneng ya lefelo leo.<ref name=":0" /> Dikgato tsa batho mo lefelong leo di farologanngwa ka popego ya tsone, gantsi di le mo sebopegong sa tlhaka u kgotsa v wa direthe ka menwana e e supagalang sentle le boleele jwa di milimithara di le lekgolo le masome a mabedi le makgolo a mabedi le masome a robabongwe - fa go ntshiwa kgato e le nngwe ya dimilimithara di le makgolo a mararo le masome a mane.<ref name=":0" /> Dikgato ga se gantsi di bonwa di le pedi, ke di le palo potlana fela tse di supang gore ke kgato ya molema le ya moja; ga di supe tsela epe e e yang kwa lefelong lengwe ebile gantsi di patiwa ke maroo a a tshwanang le a katse.<ref name=":0" /> == Dikakanyetso == Go na le dipolelo di le mmalwa tsa ka Matsieng a tlhodilweng ka teng. Leinane la Matsieng le a tshwana mo bathong ba mo gae mo mafelong a a mabapi.<ref name=":0" /> Ngwao ya puo ya Batswana e supa fa Matsieng e le seganka se se neng se na le leoto le le lengwe, o a neng a tswa mo lehuting la metsi a na le diphologolo tsa gagwe. Dingwao tse dingwe di supa Matsieng a na le maoto a mabedi, mme phelelo ya polelo e ya tshwana. O ne a salwa morago ke [[Basarwa]], [[Bakgalahari cultural beliefs|Bakgalagadi]] le merafe ya [[Batswana]].<ref>Van Der Ryst, Maria; Lombard, Marlize; Biemond, Wim (2004). "Rocks of Potency: Engravings and Cupules from the Dovedale Ward, Southern Tuli Block, Botswana". ''South African Archaeological Bulletin''. '''59''': 1–11. doi:[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3889317?origin=crossref 10.2307/3889317.] JSTOR&nbsp;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3889317 3889317.]</ref> fa seganka le ba ba mo setseng morago ba tlhaga, ba ne ba tlogela dikgato mo lefatsheng le le borethe gaufi le lehuti la metsi, tse di neng tsa omelela mo tsamaong ya nako.<ref name=":0" /> Le ntswa go na le mafelo a le mmalwa a a supiwang Matsieng a dule mo go one, lefatshe la Matsieng ke lone le botlhokwa ka le na le leina le le tshwanang le moanelwa wa leinane. Ga go na o o itseng gore lefelo la Matsieng le ne le dirisediwa eng mo ditsong, le ntswa bontsi ba dumela le ne e le la go dira pula.<ref name=":1" /> Go fitlhelela mo bosheng, lefelo le ne le dirisiwa ke beng gae. Ba ne ba tla ka diphologolo tsa bone go di nosa mo mahuting a a nang le metsi. Gompieno le dirisiwa e le lefelo la go dira ditirel tsa ngwao, kwa beng gae ba direlang meletlo go tsisa pula ka dipaka dingwe.<ref name=":1" /> Le ntswa mekwalo e sa tlhole e dirisiwa go nosa, e sentswe ke go disetsa koo.<ref name=":0" /> == Metswedi == <references></references> [[Category:Lefelo la dilo tsa tlholego mo Botswana]] 53mwpivp89jdti6gh91gg3zh7038bxp 0 3276 53534 52981 2026-07-29T06:21:03Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53534 wikitext text/x-wiki Thuto tse''' dikgolwane mo [[Botswana|Botswana]]''' ke mahala kgotsa boitlhopelo.<ref name="ilab"> {1}Botswana {/1} [http://www.dol.gov/ilab/media/reports/iclp/tda2005/tda2005.pdf ''2005 Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor'' ]. Ba lekgotla le le inamololang mafatshe ka kakaretso, U.S. Lephata la metse selegae (2006). ''Koranta e e nale molaetsa go tsweng mo tshimologong, e e leng ponagadi ya {0 }phatalatsa.'' </ref><ref name="bbc"></ref> Mo ngwageng wa 2002, palo ya ntlha ee sa rurifadiwang e ne e le selekanyo sa lekgolo le boraro mo lekgolong, mme ee rurufaditsweng yone ya ntlha e ne e le masome a borobabobedi le motso mo lekgolong.<ref name="ilab"></ref> Go kgaogangwa ga bana ba ba tsewang mo dikolong go itebagantse le palo ya baithuti ba ba kwadisiwang kwa dikolong tse di potana gape ga go amane gope le go tsena sekolo sentle ga bana. Dipalo tse di ntsha tsa go tla sekolong mo dikolong tse di potana ga di mo Botswana.<ref name="ilab"></ref> Go ya ka dipalo tsa ngwaga wa 2001, masome a borobabobedi le borataro mo lekgolong a bana ba ba simolotseng dithuto tse di potana ba ne ba batlile go fitlhelela kwa lokwalong lwa botlhano.<ref name="ilab"></ref> Mo tsamaisong ya thuto ya mo Botswana, basimane le basetsana ba nale tepetepano mo go fiweng dithuto. Basetsana, ka gorialo, ba ka nna ba tswa mo dikolong tse dikgolwane ka ntata ya boimana.<ref name="ilab"></ref> [[Botswana|Botswana]] o dirile tse dintsi mo go tlhabololeng thuto morago ga go tsaya boipuso ka ngwaga wa 1966.{{Citation needed|date=June 2008}} Morago ga seo go ne go nale baalogani ba ba potana mo lefatsheng gape Batswana ba palo potana ba tsene dikolo tse dikgolwane. Ka ponagalo ya ditemane morago ga go tsaya boipuso le go oketsega ga madi a puso, go ne ga nna le koketsego ee kwa godimo ya go aba thuto mo lefatsheng. Baithuti botlhe ba ne ba fiwa dingwaga tse di lesome tsa go ithuta,se se ba fitlisetsa kwa dithutong tse dikgolwane tsa Junior Certificate. E ka ne e le bontlha bongwe jwa palo ya batho mo sekolong ba ba tsweledisang ka ngwaga tse pedi tsa mo sekolong se se golwane se se isang moithuti kwa mphong ya go fiwa setlankana sa Botswana General Certificate of Education (BGCSE). Fa o sena go tlogela sekolo, baithuti ba ne ba ka tsena sekolo mo dikolong tsa ithutelo tiro di le borataro mo lefatsheng,kgotsa ba ithuthuntsha mo dithutong dingwe tsa borutabana kgotsa booki. Moithuti yo o gaisitseng botlhe o ne a ya go tsena kwa mmadikolo ebong University of Botswana, Botswana College of Agriculture[https://web.archive.org/web/20120524171350/http://www.bca.bw/], le Botswana Accountancy College mo [[Gaborone|Gaborone]]. Palo ee ntsi ya bana ba kwa mmadikolo e solofetswe, fa kago ya bobedi ya mmadikolo mo lefatsheng, ebong Botswana International University of Science and Technology, e fediwa. Bontsi jwa bana ba felela ba tsene dikolo kwa dikholetsheng tse eseng tsa puso mo lefatsheng. Bontsi jwa baithuti ba tsengwa sekolo ke puso. Dipoelo ga di ise di ko di tshwantshangwe le tsa boleng jo bo rileng. Dikolo tse di potana di santse di tlhoka didirisiwa, gape barutabana ba duelwa madi aa kwa tlase go nale badiri ka bone ba kwa dikolong tse dikgolwane.{{Citation needed|date=June 2008}} Mo kgweding ya Ferikgong ngwaga wa 2006, Botswana o ne a simolodisa tuelo ya dithuto morago ga dingwaga ngwaga tse pedi tsa thuto ee neng e fiwa mahala .<ref name="bbc">{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/4601360.stm | work=BBC News | title=Botswana brings back school fees | date=2006-01-11 | accessdate=2010-05-01}}</ref> ==Bokhutlo== Thuto ke yone konokono ya botshelo ke moo go leng matshwanedi gore e tsewe ka tlhwaafalo.Baithuti ba tshwanetse go nna ba ithuta gore ba tle go atlega mo botshelong.Ke tshwanelo ya puso go bona gore baithuti ba fiwa dithuto tse di lebanyeng gore ba tle ba kgone go baya lefatshe mo maemong aa fa godimo bogolo jang baithuti ba kwa mmadikolo. ==Metswedi== {{reflist}} Dithuto mo Botswana di felela ka lekwalo la lesome le bobedi. ==Dikgolagano tsa kwa ntle== {{commons category|Education in Botswana}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20110117191700/http://www.moe.gov.bw/ Botswana Ministry of Education] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20090322042351/http://www.sacmeq.org/education-botswana.htm Education Statistics and Quality of Education in Botswana], Southern and Eastern Africa Consortium for Monitoring Educational Quality (SACMEQ) *[http://www.unesco.org/education/uie/documentation/Literacyinbotswana.pdf Literacy and education in Botswana bibliography] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20110928121434/http://www.infodev.org/en/Publication.387.html Information Communication Technology in Botswana] (e nankola kitso ka kakaretso) *[https://web.archive.org/web/20080514091311/http://www.bc.edu/bc_org/avp/soe/cihe/inhea/profiles/Botswana.htm Profile of higher education in Botswana] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20081203160324/http://www.unbotswana.org.bw/undp/docs/bots_education_final.pdf The impact of HIV/AIDS on education in Botswana] {{Education in Africa}} [[Category:Thuto mo Botswana]] {{Botswana-stub}} {{Education-stub}} == Dikaralo tsa thuto mo Botswana == === Sekolo sa bana ba bannye === Sekolo sa bana ba ba nnye, ke sekolo se se sa pateletsweng ,se akaretsa thuto ya bana ba ba nnye e e direlwang mo [[:en:Classroom|ntlwaneng ya borutelo .]]Sekolo se ke sa bana ba dingwaga tse di kwa tlase ga tse tlhano go ya go di le thataro. Dintlha tsa tlhokomelo ya bana ba ba nnye le thuto ya bone di ne tsa akarediwa mo melaong e e tlhabolotsweng ya thuto kgotsa (RNPE) ka ngwaga wa 1994. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2001 |title=Early Childhood Care and Education Policy: Based on the Framework of the Revised National Policy on Education (Rnpe) Government White Paper No. 2 of 1994 |url=http://www.africanchildforum.org/clr/policy%20per%20country/botswana/botswana_earlychildhood_2001_en.pdf |access-date=28 May 2022 |website=African Child Forum}}</ref> Boikarabelo bo bontsi jwa go fa ditlamelo tsa mananeo a thuto ya bana ba bannye bo mo makalaneng a dikgwebo tse e seng tsa ga goromente le a setšhaba go na le mo pusong.<ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Education |url=https://www.unicef.org/botswana/education |access-date=18 July 2026 |publisher=UNICEF Botswana}}</ref></ref> Ba ba thusang ka go tlamela thuto ya bana ba bannye e a bo ele fela go ikemela ka dinao ga bone go batla tshono ya go itshetsa ka kgwebo e, se e le go araba dikeletso tsa batsadi kgotsa batlhokomedi ba ba nang le letseno le le fa godimonyana e bile ba na le bokgoni jwa go isa bana ba bone dikolong tseo kgotsa e le go arabela diphetogo tsa ga segompieno mo lefatsheng ka bophara tsa paakanyetso ya thuto ya bana.<ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Maunganidze |first1=Langtone |last2=Tsamaase |first2=Marea |year=2014 |title=Early Childhood Education in Botswana: A Case of Fragmented “Fits” |url=https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ies/article/view/29736 |journal=International Education Studies |volume=7 |issue=5 |access-date=18 July 2026}}</ref></ref> Mananeo a le mantsi a a itebagantseng le baagedi ba mafelo a a farologaneng, dikgwebo, mekgatlho e e thusang e e sa direng dipoelo, merafe ya sedumedi le batho fela ba ba ikemetseng ka nosi ba tlhokomelo ya bana ke dikai tsa batho ba ba fang thuto ya bana ba ba iseng ba tsene sekolo. <ref name="Glavin"/> Sekolo sa bana ba bannye se ka akaretsa thuto ya sengwe le sengwe kgotsa se ka nna le dithuto tse e leng gore se tsepame mo go tsone thata, jaaka thuto ya botaki le tiro ya diatla, thuto ya bodumedi, katiso mo go tsa metshameko, kgotsa go ithuta puo ya batswakwa, fa godimo ga moo se ntse se e fa le ditlamelo tsa thuto ya kakaretso. Mosola wa thuto ya bana ba bannye ga o ka ke wa gatelelwa go feta selekanyo ka gore bana ba gola go ya ka kgolo ya tlhaloganyo ga mmogo le go buisana le batho. == Dikaralo tsa thuto mo Botswana == === Sekolo sa bana ba bannye === Sekolo sa bana ba ba nnye, ke sekolo se se sa pateletsweng ,se akaretsa thuto ya bana ba ba nnye e e direlwang mo [[:en:Classroom|ntlwaneng ya borutelo .]]Sekolo se ke sa bana ba dingwaga tse di kwa tlase ga tse tlhano go ya go di le thataro. Dintlha tsa tlhokomelo ya bana ba ba nnye le thuto ya bone di ne tsa akarediwa mo melaong e e tlhabolotsweng ya thuto kgotsa (RNPE) ka ngwaga wa 1994. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2001 |title=Early Childhood Care and Education Policy: Based on the Framework of the Revised National Policy on Education (Rnpe) Government White Paper No. 2 of 1994 |url=http://www.africanchildforum.org/clr/policy%20per%20country/botswana/botswana_earlychildhood_2001_en.pdf |access-date=28 May 2022 |website=African Child Forum}}</ref> Boikarabelo bo bontsi jwa go fa ditlamelo tsa mananeo a thuto ya bana ba bannye bo mo makalaneng a dikgwebo tse e seng tsa ga goromente le a setšhaba go na le mo pusong.<ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Education |url=https://www.unicef.org/botswana/education |access-date=18 July 2026 |publisher=UNICEF Botswana}}</ref></ref> Ba ba thusang ka go tlamela thuto ya bana ba bannye e a bo ele fela go ikemela ka dinao ga bone go batla tshono ya go itshetsa ka kgwebo e, se e le go araba dikeletso tsa batsadi kgotsa batlhokomedi ba ba nang le letseno le le fa godimonyana e bile ba na le bokgoni jwa go isa bana ba bone dikolong tseo kgotsa e le go arabela diphetogo tsa ga segompieno mo lefatsheng ka bophara tsa paakanyetso ya thuto ya bana.<ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Maunganidze |first1=Langtone |last2=Tsamaase |first2=Marea |year=2014 |title=Early Childhood Education in Botswana: A Case of Fragmented “Fits” |url=https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ies/article/view/29736 |journal=International Education Studies |volume=7 |issue=5 |access-date=18 July 2026}}</ref></ref> Mananeo a le mantsi a a itebagantseng le baagedi ba mafelo a a farologaneng, dikgwebo, mekgatlho e e thusang e e sa direng dipoelo, merafe ya sedumedi le batho fela ba ba ikemetseng ka nosi ba tlhokomelo ya bana ke dikai tsa batho ba ba fang thuto ya bana ba ba iseng ba tsene sekolo. <ref name="Glavin"/> Sekolo sa bana ba bannye se ka akaretsa thuto ya sengwe le sengwe kgotsa se ka nna le dithuto tse e leng gore se tsepame mo go tsone thata, jaaka thuto ya botaki le tiro ya diatla, thuto ya bodumedi, katiso mo go tsa metshameko, kgotsa go ithuta puo ya batswakwa, fa godimo ga moo se ntse se e fa le ditlamelo tsa thuto ya kakaretso. Mosola wa thuto ya bana ba bannye ga o ka ke wa gatelelwa go feta selekanyo ka gore bana ba gola go ya ka kgolo ya tlhaloganyo ga mmogo le go buisana le batho. Puso ya Botswana go simolola ka ngwaga wa 2015 e simolotse go bula mananeo a thuto ya bana ba bannye mo dikoleng tse dipotlana tse dintsi tsa puso mo lefatsheng ka bophara ka maikaelelo a go rotloetsa thuto ya bana ba bannye. <ref name="Glavin"/> Se se simolotse ka go bula ntlwana ya borutelo ya bana ba ba iseng ba tsene sekolo pele ga ba dira lokwalo la ntlha, se se dirwa morago ga baithuti ba lokwalo la bosupa ba fetsa go kwala ditlhatlhobo tsa bone tsa makgaolakgang. Dintlwana tsa bone tsa borutelo di ne di tlaabo di sena ope mo mafelong a ngwaga otlhe wa dithuto, ka jalo ka tsela e o ba ka kgona go amogela bana ba o ba ba dingwaga di le botlhano. Go tswelela ka seo, puso jaanong e tsenya tirisong lenaneo la dingwaga di le pedi la bana ba dingwaga di le bone le botlhano. Fa godimo ga moo, puso ya Botswana le yone e simolotse go ela tlhoko thata thuto ya bana ba bannye. == Dikaralo tsa thuto mo Botswana == === Sekolo sa bana ba bannye === Sekolo sa bana ba ba nnye, ke sekolo se se sa pateletsweng ,se akaretsa thuto ya bana ba ba nnye e e direlwang mo [[:en:Classroom|ntlwaneng ya borutelo .]]Sekolo se ke sa bana ba dingwaga tse di kwa tlase ga tse tlhano go ya go di le thataro. Dintlha tsa tlhokomelo ya bana ba ba nnye le thuto ya bone di ne tsa akarediwa mo melaong e e tlhabolotsweng ya thuto kgotsa (RNPE) ka ngwaga wa 1994. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2001 |title=Early Childhood Care and Education Policy: Based on the Framework of the Revised National Policy on Education (Rnpe) Government White Paper No. 2 of 1994 |url=http://www.africanchildforum.org/clr/policy%20per%20country/botswana/botswana_earlychildhood_2001_en.pdf |access-date=28 May 2022 |website=African Child Forum}}</ref> Boikarabelo bo bontsi jwa go fa ditlamelo tsa mananeo a thuto ya bana ba bannye bo mo makalaneng a dikgwebo tse e seng tsa ga goromente le a setšhaba go na le mo pusong.<ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Education |url=https://www.unicef.org/botswana/education |access-date=18 July 2026 |publisher=UNICEF Botswana}}</ref></ref> Ba ba thusang ka go tlamela thuto ya bana ba bannye e a bo ele fela go ikemela ka dinao ga bone go batla tshono ya go itshetsa ka kgwebo e, se e le go araba dikeletso tsa batsadi kgotsa batlhokomedi ba ba nang le letseno le le fa godimonyana e bile ba na le bokgoni jwa go isa bana ba bone dikolong tseo kgotsa e le go arabela diphetogo tsa ga segompieno mo lefatsheng ka bophara tsa paakanyetso ya thuto ya bana.<ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Maunganidze |first1=Langtone |last2=Tsamaase |first2=Marea |year=2014 |title=Early Childhood Education in Botswana: A Case of Fragmented “Fits” |url=https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ies/article/view/29736 |journal=International Education Studies |volume=7 |issue=5 |access-date=18 July 2026}}</ref></ref> Mananeo a le mantsi a a itebagantseng le baagedi ba mafelo a a farologaneng, dikgwebo, mekgatlho e e thusang e e sa direng dipoelo, merafe ya sedumedi le batho fela ba ba ikemetseng ka nosi ba tlhokomelo ya bana ke dikai tsa batho ba ba fang thuto ya bana ba ba iseng ba tsene sekolo. <ref name="Glavin"/> Sekolo sa bana ba bannye se ka akaretsa thuto ya sengwe le sengwe kgotsa se ka nna le dithuto tse e leng gore se tsepame mo go tsone thata, jaaka thuto ya botaki le tiro ya diatla, thuto ya bodumedi, katiso mo go tsa metshameko, kgotsa go ithuta puo ya batswakwa, fa godimo ga moo se ntse se e fa le ditlamelo tsa thuto ya kakaretso. Mosola wa thuto ya bana ba bannye ga o ka ke wa gatelelwa go feta selekanyo ka gore bana ba gola go ya ka kgolo ya tlhaloganyo ga mmogo le go buisana le batho. Puso ya Botswana go simolola ka ngwaga wa 2015 e simolotse go bula mananeo a thuto ya bana ba bannye mo dikoleng tse dipotlana tse dintsi tsa puso mo lefatsheng ka bophara ka maikaelelo a go rotloetsa thuto ya bana ba bannye. <ref name="Glavin"/> Se se simolotse ka go bula ntlwana ya borutelo ya bana ba ba iseng ba tsene sekolo pele ga ba dira lokwalo la ntlha, se se dirwa morago ga baithuti ba lokwalo la bosupa ba fetsa go kwala ditlhatlhobo tsa bone tsa makgaolakgang. Dintlwana tsa bone tsa borutelo di ne di tlaabo di sena ope mo mafelong a ngwaga otlhe wa dithuto, ka jalo ka tsela e o ba ka kgona go amogela bana ba o ba ba dingwaga di le botlhano. Go tswelela ka seo, puso jaanong e tsenya tirisong lenaneo la dingwaga di le pedi la bana ba dingwaga di le bone le botlhano. Fa godimo ga moo, puso ya Botswana le yone e simolotse go ela tlhoko thata thuto ya bana ba bannye. === Thuto-potlana === Thuto e e potlana e simolola ka kamogelo ya bana ba ba iseng ba simolole lekwalo la ntlha go fitlha ka lokwalo la bosupa. == Dikaralo tsa thuto mo Botswana == === Sekolo sa bana ba bannye === Sekolo sa bana ba ba nnye, ke sekolo se se sa pateletsweng ,se akaretsa thuto ya bana ba ba nnye e e direlwang mo [[:en:Classroom|ntlwaneng ya borutelo .]]Sekolo se ke sa bana ba dingwaga tse di kwa tlase ga tse tlhano go ya go di le thataro. Dintlha tsa tlhokomelo ya bana ba ba nnye le thuto ya bone di ne tsa akarediwa mo melaong e e tlhabolotsweng ya thuto kgotsa (RNPE) ka ngwaga wa 1994. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2001 |title=Early Childhood Care and Education Policy: Based on the Framework of the Revised National Policy on Education (Rnpe) Government White Paper No. 2 of 1994 |url=http://www.africanchildforum.org/clr/policy%20per%20country/botswana/botswana_earlychildhood_2001_en.pdf |access-date=28 May 2022 |website=African Child Forum}}</ref> Boikarabelo bo bontsi jwa go fa ditlamelo tsa mananeo a thuto ya bana ba bannye bo mo makalaneng a dikgwebo tse e seng tsa ga goromente le a setšhaba go na le mo pusong.<ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Education |url=https://www.unicef.org/botswana/education |access-date=18 July 2026 |publisher=UNICEF Botswana}}</ref></ref> Ba ba thusang ka go tlamela thuto ya bana ba bannye e a bo ele fela go ikemela ka dinao ga bone go batla tshono ya go itshetsa ka kgwebo e, se e le go araba dikeletso tsa batsadi kgotsa batlhokomedi ba ba nang le letseno le le fa godimonyana e bile ba na le bokgoni jwa go isa bana ba bone dikolong tseo kgotsa e le go arabela diphetogo tsa ga segompieno mo lefatsheng ka bophara tsa paakanyetso ya thuto ya bana.<ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Maunganidze |first1=Langtone |last2=Tsamaase |first2=Marea |year=2014 |title=Early Childhood Education in Botswana: A Case of Fragmented “Fits” |url=https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ies/article/view/29736 |journal=International Education Studies |volume=7 |issue=5 |access-date=18 July 2026}}</ref></ref> Mananeo a le mantsi a a itebagantseng le baagedi ba mafelo a a farologaneng, dikgwebo, mekgatlho e e thusang e e sa direng dipoelo, merafe ya sedumedi le batho fela ba ba ikemetseng ka nosi ba tlhokomelo ya bana ke dikai tsa batho ba ba fang thuto ya bana ba ba iseng ba tsene sekolo. <ref name="Glavin"/> Sekolo sa bana ba bannye se ka akaretsa thuto ya sengwe le sengwe kgotsa se ka nna le dithuto tse e leng gore se tsepame mo go tsone thata, jaaka thuto ya botaki le tiro ya diatla, thuto ya bodumedi, katiso mo go tsa metshameko, kgotsa go ithuta puo ya batswakwa, fa godimo ga moo se ntse se e fa le ditlamelo tsa thuto ya kakaretso. Mosola wa thuto ya bana ba bannye ga o ka ke wa gatelelwa go feta selekanyo ka gore bana ba gola go ya ka kgolo ya tlhaloganyo ga mmogo le go buisana le batho. Puso ya Botswana go simolola ka ngwaga wa 2015 e simolotse go bula mananeo a thuto ya bana ba bannye mo dikoleng tse dipotlana tse dintsi tsa puso mo lefatsheng ka bophara ka maikaelelo a go rotloetsa thuto ya bana ba bannye. <ref name="Glavin"/> Se se simolotse ka go bula ntlwana ya borutelo ya bana ba ba iseng ba tsene sekolo pele ga ba dira lokwalo la ntlha, se se dirwa morago ga baithuti ba lokwalo la bosupa ba fetsa go kwala ditlhatlhobo tsa bone tsa makgaolakgang. Dintlwana tsa bone tsa borutelo di ne di tlaabo di sena ope mo mafelong a ngwaga otlhe wa dithuto, ka jalo ka tsela e o ba ka kgona go amogela bana ba o ba ba dingwaga di le botlhano. Go tswelela ka seo, puso jaanong e tsenya tirisong lenaneo la dingwaga di le pedi la bana ba dingwaga di le bone le botlhano. Fa godimo ga moo, puso ya Botswana le yone e simolotse go ela tlhoko thata thuto ya bana ba bannye. === Thuto-potlana === Thuto e e potlana e simolola ka kamogelo ya bana ba ba iseng ba simolole lekwalo la ntlha go fitlha ka lokwalo la bosupa. Bana ba kwadisiwa mo sekolong se se potlana fa ba le dingwaga di ka nna thataro. Tsamaiso ya go ruta mo thutong ya sekolo se se potlana e laolwa ke thulaganyo ya dikolo ya lefatshe. Kgaolo ya sekolo e tlhopha dikaedi tsa tsamaiso ya go ruta le dibuka tse di bontshang maemo a go ithuta a puso ya lefatshe le ditekanyetso tsa maemo a mophato o o rileng. Go na le mefuta e le mebedi ya thuto e e potlana e e ka fitlhelwang mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Puso e fa thuto ya kakaretso ka teme ya Setswana, puo e ya Setswana e dirisiwa go ruta bana ga mmogo le teme ya Sekgoa. Lekalana la dikgwebo le fa dithuto tse puo ya thuto e leng Sekgoa fela, dikolo tse di bidiwa 'dikolo tsa Sekgoa'. == Dikaralo tsa thuto mo Botswana == === Sekolo sa bana ba bannye === Sekolo sa bana ba ba nnye, ke sekolo se se sa pateletsweng ,se akaretsa thuto ya bana ba ba nnye e e direlwang mo [[:en:Classroom|ntlwaneng ya borutelo .]]Sekolo se ke sa bana ba dingwaga tse di kwa tlase ga tse tlhano go ya go di le thataro. Dintlha tsa tlhokomelo ya bana ba ba nnye le thuto ya bone di ne tsa akarediwa mo melaong e e tlhabolotsweng ya thuto kgotsa (RNPE) ka ngwaga wa 1994. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2001 |title=Early Childhood Care and Education Policy: Based on the Framework of the Revised National Policy on Education (Rnpe) Government White Paper No. 2 of 1994 |url=http://www.africanchildforum.org/clr/policy%20per%20country/botswana/botswana_earlychildhood_2001_en.pdf |access-date=28 May 2022 |website=African Child Forum}}</ref> Boikarabelo bo bontsi jwa go fa ditlamelo tsa mananeo a thuto ya bana ba bannye bo mo makalaneng a dikgwebo tse e seng tsa ga goromente le a setšhaba go na le mo pusong.<ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Education |url=https://www.unicef.org/botswana/education |access-date=18 July 2026 |publisher=UNICEF Botswana}}</ref></ref> Ba ba thusang ka go tlamela thuto ya bana ba bannye e a bo ele fela go ikemela ka dinao ga bone go batla tshono ya go itshetsa ka kgwebo e, se e le go araba dikeletso tsa batsadi kgotsa batlhokomedi ba ba nang le letseno le le fa godimonyana e bile ba na le bokgoni jwa go isa bana ba bone dikolong tseo kgotsa e le go arabela diphetogo tsa ga segompieno mo lefatsheng ka bophara tsa paakanyetso ya thuto ya bana.<ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Maunganidze |first1=Langtone |last2=Tsamaase |first2=Marea |year=2014 |title=Early Childhood Education in Botswana: A Case of Fragmented “Fits” |url=https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ies/article/view/29736 |journal=International Education Studies |volume=7 |issue=5 |access-date=18 July 2026}}</ref></ref> Mananeo a le mantsi a a itebagantseng le baagedi ba mafelo a a farologaneng, dikgwebo, mekgatlho e e thusang e e sa direng dipoelo, merafe ya sedumedi le batho fela ba ba ikemetseng ka nosi ba tlhokomelo ya bana ke dikai tsa batho ba ba fang thuto ya bana ba ba iseng ba tsene sekolo. <ref name="Glavin">{{Cite web |last=Glavin |first=Chris |date=2017-01-25 |title=Education stages |url=https://www.k12academics.com/Education%20Worldwide/Education%20in%20Botswana/education-stages |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=K12 Academics |language=en}}</ref> Sekolo sa bana ba bannye se ka akaretsa thuto ya sengwe le sengwe kgotsa se ka nna le dithuto tse e leng gore se tsepame mo go tsone thata, jaaka thuto ya botaki le tiro ya diatla, thuto ya bodumedi, katiso mo go tsa metshameko, kgotsa go ithuta puo ya batswakwa, fa godimo ga moo se ntse se e fa le ditlamelo tsa thuto ya kakaretso. Mosola wa thuto ya bana ba bannye ga o ka ke wa gatelelwa go feta selekanyo ka gore bana ba gola go ya ka kgolo ya tlhaloganyo ga mmogo le go buisana le batho. Puso ya Botswana go simolola ka ngwaga wa 2015 e simolotse go bula mananeo a thuto ya bana ba bannye mo dikoleng tse dipotlana tse dintsi tsa puso mo lefatsheng ka bophara ka maikaelelo a go rotloetsa thuto ya bana ba bannye. <ref name="Glavin"/> Se se simolotse ka go bula ntlwana ya borutelo ya bana ba ba iseng ba tsene sekolo pele ga ba dira lokwalo la ntlha, se se dirwa morago ga baithuti ba lokwalo la bosupa ba fetsa go kwala ditlhatlhobo tsa bone tsa makgaolakgang. Dintlwana tsa bone tsa borutelo di ne di tlaabo di sena ope mo mafelong a ngwaga otlhe wa dithuto, ka jalo ka tsela e o ba ka kgona go amogela bana ba o ba ba dingwaga di le botlhano. Go tswelela ka seo, puso jaanong e tsenya tirisong lenaneo la dingwaga di le pedi la bana ba dingwaga di le bone le botlhano. Fa godimo ga moo, puso ya Botswana le yone e simolotse go ela tlhoko thata thuto ya bana ba bannye. === Thuto-potlana === Thuto e e potlana e simolola ka kamogelo ya bana ba ba iseng ba simolole lekwalo la ntlha go fitlha ka lokwalo la bosupa. Bana ba kwadisiwa mo sekolong se se potlana fa ba le dingwaga di ka nna thataro. Tsamaiso ya go ruta mo thutong ya sekolo se se potlana e laolwa ke thulaganyo ya dikolo ya lefatshe. Kgaolo ya sekolo e tlhopha dikaedi tsa tsamaiso ya go ruta le dibuka tse di bontshang maemo a go ithuta a puso ya lefatshe le ditekanyetso tsa maemo a mophato o o rileng. Go na le mefuta e le mebedi ya thuto e e potlana e e ka fitlhelwang mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Puso e fa thuto ya kakaretso ka teme ya Setswana, puo e ya Setswana e dirisiwa go ruta bana ga mmogo le teme ya Sekgoa. Lekalana la dikgwebo le fa dithuto tse puo ya thuto e leng Sekgoa fela, dikolo tse di bidiwa 'dikolo tsa Sekgoa'. === Thuto e e kgolwane === [[Setshwantsho:Kgari_sechele_secondary_school.jpg|thumb|230x230px|Sekolo se segolwane sa Kgari Sechele, sekolo se segolwane se se tsamaisiwang ke puso.]] Thuto ya sekolo se segolwane e simolola ka lekwalo le legolwane la ntlha go fitlhelela la botlhano (sekolo se segolwane mme se le fa tlase se simolola ka lowalo la ntlha go fitlhelela kwa go la boraro; sekolo se segolwane ebile se le fa godimo se simolola ka lokwalo la bone go fitlhelela kwa go la botlhano ). Baithuti gantsi ba fiwa kgololesego e le ntsi, ba tsamaya ba ya kwa dintlwaneng tsa borutelo tse di farologaneng, ebile ba fiwa tetla ya go tlhopha dingwe tsa dithuto tsa bone tse di bidiwang dithuto tsa maitlhophelo. Dingwaga tsa ntlha tse tharo tsa thuto e e kgolwane di isa kwa setlankaneng sa dithuto tsa makgaolakgang tsa lokwalo la boraro, mme morago ga dingwaga tse dingwe tse pedi tsa go ithuta baithuti ba kwala tlhatlhobo ya makgaolakgang ya lokwalo la botlhano. === Thuto ya ithutelo-tiro === [[Mmadikolo wa Botswana|Yunibesithi ya Botswana]], Yunibesithi ya Botho, [[Sekolo se Segolwane sa Limkokwing|Yunibesithi ya Limkokwing ya Thekenoloji ya Boitlhamedi]], [https://baisago.ac.bw/ Yunibesithi ya Ba Isago], [https://abm.ac.bw/ Kholetšhe ya ABM], <ref>{{Cite web |title=Welcome To ABM University College |url=https://abm.ac.bw/ |access-date=2022-05-28 |website=ABM University College |language=en-US}}</ref> Yunibesithi ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Botswana ya Maranyane le Boitseanape , <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-01-12 |title=Botswana International University of Science & Technology |url=https://www.biust.ac.bw/ |access-date=2022-05-28 |language=en-US}}</ref> [https://www.bou.ac.bw/ Botswana Open University], [https://www.buan.ac.bw/ Setheo sa Botswana sa Temothuo le Ditsompelo tsa Tlhago], Yunibesithi [https://web.archive.org/web/20240226183114/https://gips.co.bw/ ya Gaborone] [https://www.guc.ac.bw/ ya Dithuto] tsa Molao ke dikolo tse di fang thuto ya ithutelo tiro mo lefatsheng la Botswana. [[Mmadikolo wa Botswana|Yunibesithi ya Botswana]] ke sekolo sa setšhaba se se tlhomilweng ka ngwaga wa 1982 ka molao wa palamente <ref>{{Cite web |date=1982 |title=University of Botswana Act, 1982 |url=https://botswanalaws.com/StatutesActpdf/1982Actpdf/UNIVERSITY%20OF%20BOTSWANA%20ACT,%20NO.%2011%20OF%201982.pdf |access-date=28 May 2022 |website=Laws of Botswana}}</ref> mme ntlokgolo ya sone e kwa [[Gaborone]] . == Tlhomamiso ya tsamaelano ya thuto le seemo sa lefatshe la Botswana == E ne ya re mo nakong e e sa fediseng pelo, morago ga lefatshe la Botswana le sena go tsaya boipuso, ga lemogiwa gore tsamaiso ya thuto ga e fitlhelele matlhokego a setšhaba. E ne e tsentse mogopolo o montsi thata mo thutong ya buka mme ebile e ne e santse e na le matlhasedi a puso ya batho-basweu. Bontsi jwa dilo tse di neng di ithuthuntshiwa di ne di sa tsamaisane le seemo sa botshelo jwa SeAferika, ka jalo dipalo tsa baithuti ba ba neng ba tlogela sekolo di ne di le kwa godimo. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Glavin |first=Chris |date=2017-01-25 |title=Tswanification of the curriculum |url=https://www.k12academics.com/Education%20Worldwide/Education%20in%20Botswana/tswanification-curriculum |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=K12 Academics |language=en |archive-date=2021-05-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516024002/https://www.k12academics.com/Education%20Worldwide/Education%20in%20Botswana/tswanification-curriculum |url-status=dead }}</ref> Go ise go ye kae go ne ga lemogiwa gore go tlhokega phetogo. Baeteledipele ba lefatshe ba ne ba nna le mogopolo wa thulaganyo ya thuto e e neng e tlaa fa botlhe tshono ya go bona thuto e e rileng le go tshegetsa kutlwano magareng ga batho morago ga go lemoga gore setshaba sa Botswana se kgaogantswe go ya ka merafe e e farologaneng ka jalo ba le bantsi ba eme ka nosi.<ref>https://journals.ub.bw/index.php/mosenodi/article/download/1594/1013</ref>E ne ya re ka ngwaga wa 1977 komiti e e neng e tlhomilwe ke puso ya Botswana e ne ya phatlalatsa pego ka ga phetolo ya thuto ka setlhogo se se reng ‘thuto mabapi le kagisano’. <ref name=":1" /> Molao o wa ntlha wa setšhaba wa thuto (NPE) wa ngwaga wa 1977 o ne wa diriwa e le tsibogo ya baeteledipele ba lefatshe la Botswana, ka nako e o, go tswa mo mokgweng wa go ruta wa puso ya batho-basweu ba lefatshe la Borithane fa thuto e ne e le ya batho ba maemo a a rileng go ya kwa thulaganyong e e akaretsang botlhe.<ref>https://www.africabib.org/rec.php?RID=12460496X</ref> Jaaka go gakolotswe mo pegong, go ne ga tsenngwa dithuto tse dintsha tsa konokono mo tsamaisong ya dikolo, mme tsa dira gore thuto e nne maleba le lefatshe la Botswana. <ref name=":1" /> Maikaelelo a mokgwa yo wa thuto e, e ne ele go lebagana thata le tiro ya diatla gore baithuti ba kgone go bona tiro. fam153grzpvtjwjyojbhxnx2pq57tpi 0 3284 53550 26861 2026-07-29T10:26:25Z JudithShe 9421 Ke tsentse mola mo tsebeng e #Wikipedia25BW 53550 wikitext text/x-wiki {{distinguish|Sekaranga}} {{Infobox language |name = Sekalanga |nativename = ''Ikalanga'' |pronunciation = |states = {{ZWE}}<br>{{BWA}} |region = ##Southern Africa## |speakers = 850,000 |ethnicity = ##Kalanga people##<br>#formerly# ##Lemba people|Lemba## |familycolor= Niger-Congo |fam2=##Atlantic–Congo languages|Atlantic–Congo## |fam3=##Benue–Congo languages|Benue–Congo## |fam4=##Bantoid languages|Bantoid## |fam5=##Southern Bantoid languages|Southern## |fam6=##Bantu languages|Bantu## |fam7=##Shona language|Shona## #S#10# |iso3 = kck }} {{Incubator|code=kck}} '''Puo ya sekalaka ''' , kgotsa '''''Ikalanga/TjiKalanaga'' ''' ,ke puo ya Sebantu e e buiwang ke morafe wa Bakalaka, dingwaga tse di makgolokgolo a lekgolo le masome a matlhano mo [[Botswana|Botswana]] gape le makgolokgolo a makgolo a bosupa mo [[Zimbabwe|Zimbabwe]] '' diteme tsa mafatshe'' Ke puo ya Sebantu ee itsegeng ka go atabala ga modumo, e e farologanyeng e e pheletsang puo, gape le ditlhaka tse di bakang go hema Se batlile go tshwana le puo ya Seshona.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Ikalanga phonetics and phonology: a synchronic and diachronic study.|last=Mathangwane|first=Joyce T.|publisher=Stanford, CA: CSLI Publications.|year=1999}}</ref> Sekalaka se lemogiwa e le teme ya semmuso ke molaomotheo wa Zimbabwe wa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le boraro gape se rutiwa kwa dikolong kwa mafelong a babui ba puo e o ba leng bantsi. Teme ya Sekalaka e tshwana thata le diteme tsa Nambya, TshiVenda le KheLobedu tsa kwa Zimbabwe le [[Aforika Borwa|Aforika Borwa.]] ==Tshimologo== Bakalaka le Bashona ba fudugile mo ditlhopeng go tsweng mo kgaolong e e ngwefela mo bokone# Batho ba ba buang puo ya Sekalaka ba akanyediwa go nna ba ntlha# Ba agile pele mo Aferika Borwa# Matota a bone a metse a bidiwa matota a Mapungubwe# Puo ya bone e supa pharologanyo e e nyenyane mo go ya Bashona# #Khutliso ya gore Bakalaka ba bua jaaka Bashona ke nngwe ya khutliso e e dirilweng mo ditsong# Go tla tlhalogangwa gore e ke ntlwa e e ntseng e diragala mo dingwageng tse di borobabobedi gompieno# Moragonyana ka ngwaga wa 1927 barongwa ba Rhodesia ba ne ba batla go dira mokwalo o o akaretsang Seshona ka kakaretso, mme ga ba dumalana ka Sekalanga mo go akarediweng jaaka teme ya Seshona# Ba ne ba kopa thuso ya ga moipobodi Clement M# Doke, le baipobodi ba ba ithutileng Sebantu kwa Mmadikolo wa Witwatersrand# Morago ga ngwaga o mongwefela wa go ithuta mo Zimbabwe, o ne a khutlisa ka gore Sekalaka se ka seke se tshwane le Seshona ka gore ga se tshwane gope le mo go ka bitswang Seshona# Ka go rialo, teko e e motlhofo e e supang boammaruri jwa se ke e: bao ba ba buang teme e e bidiwang Seshona ga ba tlhaloganye Sekalaka fa ba bua Sekalaka, le fa Bakalaka ba tlhaloganya Bashona# ==Ditso tsa Puo ya Sekakalaka== Sekalaka ke puo e e pharologanyo ka boyone le dipuo tse di latelang: se se biditsweng TjiKalanga tjekuDombodema #jaaka se buiwa kwa kgaolong ya Plumtree, leina pele le biditswe ke UCCSA ngwaga wa 1929#, Lilima, Talahunda, Jahunda, Nanzwa#kgotsa Nambya#, Venda, Lobedu, Hlengwe gape le Lozwi# Go tshwanetse ga lemogwa gore tsotlhe tse ke dipuo tse di farologanyeng ka botsone, mme ka ditso di supa fa di simolotse kwa Bukalanga/Vhukalanga# #E tlhoka go atlolosiwa#### Sekalaka ke, sekai,yone puo e e nang le'''''l'' ''' modumo; tse dingwe tsa Seshona di nale modumao wa '''''r'' ''' fela# Puo e tshwana le ya setlhopa sa Balobedu-baka-Modjadji ba dipuo tse di akaretsang Shona, Karanga, Zezuru, Venda, Birwa, Tjililima le Shankwe# Go tsweng mo go se go dumelwa fa ba tswa mo bathong ba ba tlholegang kwa mafelong a ##Limpopo|Limpopo##/Drakensburg mo ##Aferika Borwa|Aferika Borwa## gape ba aga mo bokone jwa Botswana le mo Zimbabwe# Matota a bogologolo a Bakalaka a tshwana le matota a kwa Zimbabwe# Matota a nale dipopego tse di tshwanang le tsa kwa matoteng a Zimbabwe# Matota a kwa Mapungubwe a fetla a kwa Zimbabwe# Go elatlhoko mo go tlhomamisa gore baagi ba matota a kwa Zimbabwe ,Khami,Lusvingo le a mangwe mo bophirima jwa Zimbabwe gape le mo botlhaba jwa Botswana ke a Bakalaka# Bakalaka ke dikokomane tsa morafe wa Sebutua# ==Bokhutlo== Sekalaka ke puo ee tumileng fela thata mo Botswana,ebile batho ba nale kgatlhego ya go batla go se ithuta.Morafe wa bakalaka go dumelwa fa e le mengwe ya merafe e e utlwanang le kagiso ebile ba rata kutlwsisanyo thata. ==Metswedi== {{Reflist}} ==Tshekatsheko ya bakwadi== * Chebanne, A# M# &amp; Rodewald, M# K &amp; Pahlen, K# W# #1995# ''A re kwaleng Sekalaka: Buka ya go kwala sekalaka se se buiwang mo Botswana'' # Gaborone: Botswana Society# * Mathangwane, Joyce T# #1999# ''Ikalanga phonetics and phonology: a synchronic and diachronic study#'' Stanford, CA: CSLI Publications# ==Dikgolagano tsa kwa ntle== *{{ethnologue|kck}} *[http://llmap.org/languages/kck.html Map of Kalanga language #Ikalanga/TjiKalanaga# from the LL-Map Project] *[http://multitree.org/codes/kck Information about Kalanga language from the MultiTree Project] {{Languages of Botswana}} {{Languages of Zimbabwe}} [[Category:Dipuo tsa mo Botswana]] [[Category:Dipuo tsa mo Zimbabwe]] [[Category:Puo ya Shona]] {{nc-lang-stub}} oexxabp5bvrau7enxcaeicl6kzb5s14 0 8571 53523 53299 2026-07-29T03:00:42Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53523 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox religious biography|name=Samantha Mogwe|background=Samantha Mogwe, born to a Motswana father and a Zambian mother, brings a fused element of neo-soul/RnB.|nationality=Motswana|citizenship=Botswana|education=Degree in Theology|known_for=Music 🎵🎶}} '''Samantha Mogwe''' ke seopedi sa kwa [[Botswana]]. Mmino wa gagwe ke motswako wa R&B, Jazz le African.<ref>[https://allafrica.com/stories/201507270891.html "Quartet in Afrimma Awards Race". ''AllAfrica''.] July 26, 2015. ProQuest&#x20;1699094917. Retrieved March 6, 2023.</ref> == Botshelo le thuto == Mogwe o tsholetswe kwa [[Botswana]] ke mmaagwe wa kwa [[Zambia]] le rraagwe wa kwa Motswana. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20221129144004/https://www.samanthamogwe.com/about-me/ "Samantha Mogwe".] ''Samantha Mogwe''. Retrieved 27 February 2023.</ref><ref>[https://businessweekly.co.bw/news/samantha-mogwe-to-headline-womens-month-concert "Samantha Mogwe to headline Women's Month Concert".] ''The Business Weekly & Review''. 2021-08-29. Retrieved 2022-11-29.</ref> O na le dikirii ya Theology go tswa kwa [[Baptist Theological College]] kwa Rustenburg mme gape o ithutile mmino kwa [[Trinity College London]]. <ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20221129143906/https://tswalebs.com/celebrities/samantha-mogwe "Samantha Mogwe - TSWAlebs]". ''tswalebs.com''. Archived from the original on 2022-11-29. Retrieved 2022-11-29.</ref><ref>[https://www.botswanayouth.com/10-things-you-did-not-know-about-samantha-mogwe/ "10 Things You Did Not Know About Samantha Mogwe".] ''Botswana Youth Magazine''. 2017-08-03. Retrieved 2022-11-29.</ref> == Tiro == Mogwe o simolotse mmino wa gagwe a sa le monnye, o ne a dira la ntlha ka My African Dream ka ngwaga wa dikete tse le boraro (2003). Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone (2004) o ne a fenya Gabz Karioke Idols mme ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi (2008) e ne e le ene fela moemedi wa Botswana kwa Idols East Africa, a fitlha mo maemong a a kwa godimo a le masome a mabedi le bone .<ref name=":0" />O ne a golola alebamo ya gagwe ya ntlha e e bidiwang Transition ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015). <ref name=":0" />Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2018) o ne a golola pina e ntšha e e bidiwang "Secrets". <ref>[https://www.thegazette.news/lifestyle/samantha-mogwe-releases-new-music/ "Samantha Mogwe releases new music"]. ''Botswana Gazette''. Retrieved 2022-12-14.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bongwe (2021) o ne a golola ditshwantsho tsa pina "Beautiful". <ref>[https://www.thegazette.news/lifestyle/samantha-mogwe-releases-beautiful-visuals/ "Samantha Mogwe releases "Beautiful" Visuals".] ''Botswana Gazette''. Retrieved 2022-12-14.</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe wa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi (2022) o ne a golola pina e le nngwe e e bidiwang "Oxygen"<ref>[https://www.mmegi.bw/lifestyle/samantha-mogwe-drops-oxygen/news "Samantha Mogwe drops Oxygen"]. ''Mmegi Online''. 2022-08-07. Retrieved 2022-12-14.</ref>mme ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele o ne a golola EP e e bidiwang VII.<ref>Kaelo, Goitsemodimo (2022-10-02). [https://www.mmegi.bw/lifestyle/samantha-mogwe-ep-reflects-growth/news "Samantha Mogwe EP reflects growth".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 2022-12-14</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo le ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi (2022), Mogwe o ne a le mo lenaaneng la dipina tse di tshamekiwang thata kwa Botswana.<ref>Kaelo, Goitsemodimo (2022-08-16). [https://www.mmegi.bw/lifestyle/charma-gal-franco-lead-airplay-charts/news "Charma Gal, Franco lead airplay charts"]. ''Mmegi Online''. ProQuest&#x20;2702359447. Retrieved 2023-03-06.</ref>Mo kgatisong ya bo lesome le bobedi ya BOMU Awards Samantha o ne a tlhophiwa mo kgaisanong ya Best R&B, Best music video, best collaboration, best female artist and best song of the year (Marang).<ref>Kaelo, Goitsemodimo (2023-11-05). [https://www.mmegi.bw/lifestyle/samantha-mogwe-leads-bomu-nominations/news "Samantha Mogwe leads BOMU nominations".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 2024-01-16.</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro (2023) Bomu Awards e ne ya tshwara Kgatiso ya yone ya bo lesome le bobedi kwa Roya Aria Stadium kwa Tlokweng mme Samantha o ne a tsamaya ka dikgele tse pedi e le tirisanommogo e e gaisang le Mpho Sebina ka pina ya Marang le R&B e e gaisang ka alebamo ya VII. <ref>More, Ketshepile (17 Dec 2023). [https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/77096 "HAN-C RULES MUSIC AWARDS YET AGAIN".] ''dailynews''. Retrieved 16 January 2024.</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Mogwe o nyetse mme ebile o na le bana ba le babedi.<ref name=":0" />O itsege ka go nna sephiri ka ga botshelo jwa gagwe.<ref>"Mascom Live Sessions to Close the Year in Style". [[:en:AllAfrica|''AllAfrica''.]] October 28, 2015. ProQuest&#x20;1727940787.</ref> Dikgele le ditlhopho * 2003; My African Dream mo kgaolong ya go opela: Mofenyi wa bobedi * 2004: Gabs Kareoke Idols jaaka Motshameki yo Mmotlana: Mofenyi * 2014: Yarona FM Music Awards (YAMA): Winner Best female Artist of the year <ref name=":0" /> * 2014: Yarona FM Awards (YAMA): Winner Best Female Artist <ref name=":0" /> * 2015: BOMU Awards: Winner Best Packaged Album <ref>[https://allafrica.com/stories/201511020715.html "Charma Gal Finest".] ''AllAfrica''. November 1, 2015. ProQuest&#x20;1728616769. Retrieved March 6, 2023.</ref> * 2015: African Muzik Magazine Awards: Best Female Southern Africa nominee <ref>[https://allafrica.com/stories/201507270891.html "Quartet in Afrimma Awards Race".] ''AllAfrica''. July 26, 2015. ProQuest&#x20;1699094917. Retrieved March 6, 2023</ref> == Bona gape == * [[Vee Mampeezy]] * [[Sasa Klaas]] * [[Ross Branch]] == Metswedi == <references /> # # # # 078ghyerhyf4q2bdx0xb1hvs56ic1il 0 8645 53518 52964 2026-07-28T23:34:12Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53518 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Gaborone Dam 1.jpg|thumb|Gaborone dam]] '''North-South Carrier''' ke mafaratlhatlha a diphaephe mo [[Botswana]] a a isang metsi kwa borwa bokgakala jwa dikilomitara di le makgolo a mararo le masome a marataro go goroga kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. Karolo ya ntlha e ne ya fediwa ka ngwaga wa 2000.<ref name=":1">''[https://web.archive.org/web/20140120053227/http://www.jburrow.net/index.html?lf=1;pg=4 "Our Track Record"].''J. Burrow.Retrieved 2012-09-22</ref> Kgato ya bobedi ya lenaneo le e fedile ka ngwaga wa 2012,<ref name=":2">Modikwa,Onalenna.13 December 2011.''[http://www.trademarksa.org/news/dikgatlhong-dam-complete-ahead-schedule "Dikgatlhong dam complete ahead of schedule"].''Mmegi.Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20150621005906/http://www.trademarksa.org/news/dikgatlhong-dam-complete-ahead-schedule the original] on 21 June 2015.Retrieved 2012-09-21.</ref> mo go yone go ne ga okediwa diphaepe go tsaya metsi kwa letamong la [[:en:Dikgatlhong_Dam|Dikgatlhong]]. Kakanyo e ne ele gore go okediwe ka go tsaya metsi kwa [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambezi?wprov=srpw1_0 Zambezi] go oketsa ka dikilomitara di le makgolo a matlhano go tsena kwa go tse di makgolo a matlhano le masome a mabedi.<ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20221010225330/https://www.water.gov.bw/images/Draft%20Prefeasibility_Feasibility%20Report.pdf "Feasibility Design Study on the Utilization of the Water Resources of the Chobe/Zambezi River"].(''August 2010).Ministry of Minerals, Energy and Water Resources - Department of Water Affairs.Retrieved 2012-09-22.</ref> North-South Carrier ke lone lenaneo la boenjeneere le letona go gaisa mananeo otlhe a a kileng a nna teng mo Botswana.<ref>Central Statistics Office.(October 2009).[https://web.archive.org/web/20160305011242/http://www1.eis.gov.bw/EIS/Reports/Botswana%20Water_statistics%20report.pdf "''BOTSWANA WATER STATISTICS".''].Retrieved 2012-09-22.</ref> == Seemo sa loapi == [[Setshwantsho:North-South Carrier.svg|thumb|Route ya North-South Carrier]] Lefatshe la Botswana ke lefatshe le le sa itemogeleng dipula tse dintsi ka jalo le mo sekakeng. Go fitlha mo malobanyaneng, didiba di ne di dirisiwa go fitlhelela seelo sa letlhoko la metsi ka 80%.<ref name=":3">Swanepoel,Esmarie.11 November 2008.''[http://www.engineeringnews.co.za/article/botswana-water-utility-plans-to-duplicate-north-south-carrier-scheme-2008-11-11 "Botswana water utility plans to duplicate North South carrier scheme"].''Engineering News. Retrieved 2012-09-22.</ref> Mangwe a metsi a didiba a sale a nna bogologolo fa e santse go na dipula. Go epa metsi ga go kgonagale mo mafelong a metsi a sa ntshafadiweng go tswa mo lefatsheng.<ref name=":0">Bevanger,Kjetil.December 1994.[https://web.archive.org/web/20210628184534/http://www.nina.no/archive/nina/PppBasePdf/oppdragsmelding/320.pdf "The North-South Carrier Water Project in Botswana. A review of environmental impact assessments"].Norwegian Institute for Nature Research.Trondheim.ISBN 82-426-0531-9.</ref> Kgaolo ya botlhaba jwa Botswana e e nang le palo ya batho ba bantsi e mo mokgatsheng wa molapo wa [[Limpopo|Limpopo,]] o go bolelwang fa o tswetswe. Mokgatsha o kwa lefatsheng la [[Aforika Borwa]] o banni ba one ba dirisa metsi a a fetang a mokgatsha o nang le bokgoni jwa go a ntsha ka dimithara di le dimilione di le makgolo a robabobedika ngwaga. Metsi a felela a tsewa kwa molapong wa [[:en:Vaal_River|Vaal]] go fitlhelela seelo.<ref>UNEP.(2005)''[https://books.google.com/books?id=NPXKoHilf8kC&pg=PR9 ."Hydropolitical Vulnerability And Resilience Along International Waters: Africa"].UNEP/Earthprint.ISBN 978-92-807-2575-9''.Retrieved 2012-09-22.</ref> Pula gantsi e na ka paka ya selemo mo dikgweding tsa Phalane go fitlhelela ka ya Moranang, ka nako e selekanyo sa mogote se a bong se le masome a mararo. Mogote o o baka go fetoga ga metsi go nna mouwane ka pele. Pula ga e ikanyege. Nako ya lenyora e kgona go tsaya sebaka sa dingwaga. Go wela ga metsi gape mo lefatsheng go ko godimo jwa di milimithara di le makgolo a marataro le masome a robabongwe kwa kgaolong ya bokonebotlhaba ngwaga le ngwaga, mme e kwa tlase ka di milimitara di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a matlhano kwa borwabophirima ka ngwaga. Ka ngwaga kgonagalo ya gore metsi a fetoge go nna mouwane ke di milimitara di le dikete tse pedi. Lefatshe la Botswana le sephaphathi ka jalo ga le a siamela matangwana.<ref name=":0" /> == Tse di tlhokegang == Ka ngwaga wa 2008 lefatshe la Botswana le ne le na le palo ya batho ya milione,dikete di le makgolo a ferabongwe, masome a mabedi le bongwe. 83% ya batho e ne e le yone e e rutegileng.<ref>United Nations Economic Commission for Africa.(2009-12-04).''[https://books.google.com/books?id=YwGBHNzZbuwC&pg=PT63 "African Economic Outlook 2009 Country Notes: Volumes 1 and 2: Country Notes: Volumes 1 and 2"].OECD Publishing.ISBN 978-92-64-07618-1''.Retrieved 2012-09-22.</ref> Bontlha jwa batho ba ba neng ba na le metsi a phepa ebile a babalesegile go nowa e ne ya oketsega go tswa kwa go 77% go tsena kwa go 99% ka dingwgaa tsa 1996 go tsena ka 2006. Itsholelo ya lefatshe la Botswana e gola ka bofefo jaaka palo ya batho ba teng, segolo jang mo kgaolong ya Gaborone. Se se baka koketsego mo palong ya batho ba ba tlhokang metsi. Kgaolo ya Gaborone e na le letlhoko la 75% ya metsi kwa botlhaba jwa Botswana. Matamo a Gaborone le [[Bokaa]] ga o kgone go fitlhelela seelo se se golang ka bofefo se le ntswa go lekilwe go tlatswiwa metsi kwa Gaborone Water Treatment Works kwa Glen Valley. Moepo wa magala wa [[Morupule]] o dirisa didiba di le tharo go baya metsi mme o tsaya metsi mo NSC fa go tlhokega ka tiriso ya phaephe ya boleele jwa dikilomitara di le lesome le bosupa go tswa kwa [[Palapye]]. Go epiwa ga magala mo Botswana mo go tshwanang le ga [[:en:Waterberg_Coalfield|Waterberg coalfield]] kwa Aforika Borwa le gone go tla nna le seabe mo koketsegong ya letlhoko la metsi. Bontlha bongwe jwa metsi a a tswang kwa letamong la Dikgatlho bo tla dirisiwa kwa [[:en:Mmamabula|Mmamabula]] ka lenaneo la NSC. == Leano == Lenaneo la Botswana National Water Master Plan (NWMP) le supile mafelo a a solofetsang a matangwana kwa bokonebotlhaba kwa metsaneng e e kwa molapong wa Limpopo ya [[:en:Motloutse_River|Motloutse]] le [[:en:Shashe_River|Shashe.]] Lenaneo la North-South Carrier le ne la simolodisiwa go aga mafaratlhatlha a diphaephe a a tla tsayang metsi go tswa kwa mafelong a go a isa kwa a tlhokegang thata teng kwa mafelong a a gaufi le Gaborone kwa borwabotlhaba. Poeletso tshekatsheko ya tikologo e e dirilweng ka ngwaga wa 1994,e direlwa ba [[:en:Norwegian_Agency_for_Development_Cooperation|Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation]] ba ba neng ba ntsha dithuso tsa madi gore lenaneo le atlege, e ne ya supa fa mafaratlhatlha a a letlelesega. Phaephe e e tla fitlhiwa kwa tlase ga lefatshe. Dimela tse di tlholegang foo di tla boa di tlhoga mo tseleng e o fa mmu o o fa godimo le o o latelang e ntshitswe sentle ya boa ya busediwa e sa kopanngwa. Thulaganyo ya go agiwa ga letamo la Letsibogo mo molapong wa Motloutse le yone e ne e akareditse go ela tlhoko ka fa tikologong e ka amegang teng. Lenaneo le ne le kgaogantswe ka dikarolo di le pedi. Letamo la Letsibogo le agiwa ka karolo ya ntlha ka diphaepe tsa boleele jwa dikilomitara di le makgolo a mararo le masome a marataro go isa metsi a a leswe kwa borwa kwa a tlhatswiwang teng kwa Mmamashia, dikilomitara tse di lesome le botlhano kwa bokonebotlhaba jwa Gaborone. Kwa tshimologong ya karolo e go ne go dirisiwa letamo la Bokaa ele letangwana, mme go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go aga letangwana le le khurumditsweng gaufi le Gaborone go fokotsa tatlhegelo ya metsi ka go fetoga go nna mouwane. Letamo la bobedi la Dikgatlhong la agiwa kwa molapong wa Shashe ka karolo ya bobedi. Phaephe ya bobedi e e tla bapisanang le ya ntlha e tla isa metsi kwa go tllhatswiwang metsi teng le kwa letangwaneng gaufi le Gaborone. Karolo ya ntlha ya diphaephe e ne e tsaya metsi go tswa letamong la Letsibogo go bapisa stela ya botlhaba le seporo go ya Gaborone. Moalo wa diphaephe o ne o akaretsa diteishene di le nne tsa dipompo le lefelo le go tklhwatswiwang metsi kwa go lone kwa bokone jwa Gaborone. Diteishene ts dimpompo di ne di go nna kwa Letsibogo, moralane, Palapye le Serorome Valley. Seteishene sa Serorome se ne sa tlolosiwa gore se tle se tlhabololwe moragonyana. Go tla nna le ditanka tse di fokotsang bokete jwa metsi kwa Moralane, thaba ya Thoti, Mameno le Lose. Ditoropo le metse e e mo tseleng di tla sielwa metsi a a tswang kwa Palapye, a nosa Morupule le [[Serowe]], le kwa [[Mahalapye]] a nosa Kalamare le [[Shoshong]]. Metsi a a tswang kwa didibeng a tla tsengwa mo diphaepeng kwa [[:en:Palla_Road_railway_station|PallaRoad]] le Mmamabula, mme a tshelwe gape kwa letamong la Bokaa. == Kago == === NSC-1 === Letamo la [[Letamo la Letsibogo|Letsibogo]] le ne le agetswe lephata la ditswammung, kgotetso le Metsi ke Arup, e e neng e okametse go agiwa ga mabeelo a metsi le bogare jwa letamo. Letsibogo e boeng jwa di mitara di le milione.<ref>ARUP. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221207130021/https://www.arup.com/projects/letsibogo_dam.aspx "Letsibogo Dam".] Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20221207130021/https://www.arup.com/projects/letsibogo_dam.aspx the original] on 7 December 2022. Retrieved 22 July 2026</ref> J Burrow e ne ya isa ditirelo tsa boenjeneere di akaretsa leano,dipampiri tsa konteraka le go etelela pele go tlhopha kompone e e tla agang mo karolong ya NSC-1.<ref name=":1" /> Bophara jwa diphaepe tse di neng di dirisiwa mo NSC-1 bo ne bo tswa kwa mithareng o le mongwe le bone go ya kwa go bongwe le motso o le mongwe. Phaephe e ne e dirwa ka polaseteke e e nonotshitsweng ka galase le tshipi.<ref>B. Paya; G.T. Matsiara; I.J. Bettesworth; M. van der Walt; P. du Plessis; B. Bosman; D. Stephenson; N. Mbayi; A. Keabetswe (2012). [https://web.archive.org/web/20160303235720/http://www.ewisa.co.za/literature/files/ID107%20Paper107%20van%20der%20Walt%20M.pdf "BOTSWANA'S NORTH SOUTH CARRIER 2 WATER TRANSFER SCHEME"] (PDF). WISA 2012 conference. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 22 July 2026</ref> E ne ya tsengwa mo moseleng, ya epelwa mo mmung mo moselelng wa bophara jwa di mithara di le masome a mararo.<ref>Twort, Alan C.; Ratnayaka, Don D.; Brandt, Malcolm J. (27 December 2000). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=mabDwYWAhUsC&pg=PA570&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false Water Supply]''. Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>978-0-340-72018-9</bdi>. Retrieved 22 July 2026</ref> Lenaneo le ne le akaretsa phaephe, le diseteishane tse di pompang le lefelo le go tlhatswiwang metsi kwa go lone. Kago e tsere dingwaga di le tlhano.<ref name=":1" /> Lenaneo le lopile madi a kanang ka dimilione di le makgolo a mararo le masome a matlhano, mme e simolotse go breka ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi.<ref name=":3" /> Go ne ga nna le bothata ka go ala diphaepe tse di nonofaditsweng ka galase,se sa baka tiego mo fetseng lenaneo ka nako e neng e beilwe ya Ferikgong ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe. Go ne ga sutisiwa letsatsi le go ya kwa go Seetebosigo ngwaga ya 2000 e le yone goneng ga seka ga fediwa ka yone ka ntata ya go tlhoka go dira sentle ga diphaepe le dipompo. Se se ne sa baka koketsego ya madi go tswa kwa go a neng a akanyeditswe a didikadike di le sekete le makgolo a mabedi go ya kwa go di le sekete, le makgolo a matlhano<ref>Europa Publications (9 December 2003). [https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=jj4J-AXGDaQC&pg=PA98&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false ''Africa South of the Sahara 2004''.] Psychology Press. ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>978-1-85743-183-4</bdi>. Retrieved 22 July 2026</ref>. Fa e sale e bulwa NSc-1 e nnile le mathata a go ikanyega. Ka Moranang 2012 monna o neng a batlisisa ka ditswammung o ne a tsena ka mosele wa diphaephe mme a baka gore phaephe e thubege, mme metsi a di lithara di le sekete ka sephatlo sa motsotso a tshologela mo lefastheng le le gautshwane a epa khuti e e boteng. Metsi a ne a tswalwa mo dikgaolong tse di foo go fitlhela go baakangwa.<ref>Dzimiri, Ngonidzashe (26 April 2012). [https://web.archive.org/web/20120503170937/http://www.sundaystandard.info/article.php?NewsID=13798&GroupID=1 "Water supply under threat as North South Carrier pipeline is damaged".] ''Sunday Standard''. Retrieved 22 July 2026</ref> === NSC-2 === [[Setshwantsho:MainMall.jpg|thumb|Main Mall, tsela ya batsamaya ka dinao fela mo Gaborone]] Mo maanong a pele, NSC-2 e ne e tlaa ntsha metsi a didikadike di le masome a mane le botlhano jwa dimithara ka ngwaga ka tlhwatlhwa ya dibilone di le tlhano le botlhano.<ref>[[Paya, Matsiara, Bettesworth, et al.]] 2012, p.&nbsp;4.</ref> Kago ya [[letamo la Dikgatlhong]] kwa tlase ga [[noka ya Shashe]] e simologile ka Mopitlo ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabobedi.<ref>Modikwa, Onalenna (13 December 2011). [https://web.archive.org/web/20150621005906/http://www.trademarksa.org/news/dikgatlhong-dam-complete-ahead-schedule "Dikgatlhong dam complete ahead of schedule".] ''Mmegi''. Archived from the original on 21 June 2015. Retrieved 22 July 2026.</ref> Ke kago e e agilweng ka mmu, dimithara di le masome a mane le motso kwa godimo le di le nne kwa boleele, ka seelo sa go baya metsi sa didikadike di le makgolo a mane, gararo go feta [[letamo la Gaborone]].<ref>[[:en:North-South_Carrier#CITEREFDikgatlhong_dam_%E2%80%93_Jeffares_&_Green|Dikgatlhong dam – Jeffares & Green.]]</ref> Letamo le tlaa simolola go tshelwa ke noka ya Shashe ka paka ya pula ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi le some le bobedi go tsena wa dikete pedi lesome le boraro.<ref>[https://www.jgi.co.za/news/item/dikgatlhong-dam-construction-reaches-critical-stage "Dikgatlhong dam construction reaches critical stage : Construction Review".] Jeffares & Green. January 2012. Retrieved 22 July 2026</ref> Bontlha jwa ntlha jwa mosele wa NSC-2, NSC-2A, o tlaa kopanya letamo la Dikgatlhong le tanka ya NSC 1 kwa Moralane. Ka itsholelo e e sa iketlang ya mafatshefatshe, puso ya Botswana e ne ya tsaya tshwetso ya gore ka dingwaga tsa dikete pedi lesome le ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borataro ba tlaa itebaganya le go fetsa bontlha jwa NSC-2.1 le go tokafatsa NSC-1. Go agiwa ga NSC-2.2 go tswa kwa Moralane go ya Palapye go tlaa emisiwa mme go tsweledisiwe ka kabo madi ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bosupa go tsena dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bobedi. NSC-2.1 e isa metsi go stwa kwa sedibeng se se bayang metsi se sesha kwa [[Palapye]] go ya kwa go se sesha kwa Mmamashia ka mafelo a mabedi a masha. Tokafatso ya NSC-1 e tlaa akaretsa go isa metsi ka lobelo lo lo kwa godimo le go tsenya pompo e ntsha, ga mmogo le go tlhabolola diphaepe le tsela ya go tlhatswa metsi kwa borwa jwa diphaephe. Maano a pele a NSC-3 le one a simolotse, e le diphaephe tse dingwe mo mokgatsheng o o. Diphaephe tse tharo tse di ikemetseng di tlaa dira gore go nne le tshireletsole poelelo, le ntswa di tlaa dirisiwa ka mafaratlhatlha a ditlhaeletsanyo le taolo. Ka Seetebosigo ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bobedi, batsaya karolo ba ne ba bolelelwa fa kago ya diphaephe tsa NSC-2A go golaganya letamo la Dikgatlhong le NSC go saletse kwa morago. Bontlha jo jwa lenaneo bo ne bo simolotse ka Phalane ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le motso, bo tshwanetse go fela ka Phalane ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le boraro. Ba ba neng ba neetswe marapo a go aga, China Statye Construtcion Engineering Corp le ba ikoloi tse di epang ba mo gae, ba ne ba na le babereki ba le makgolo a mararo le masome a matlhano, ba le masome a supa le botlhano e le ba lotso lwa China. Tiego e bakilwe ke go retela ga madirelo kwa Palapye go dira diphaephe tsa boleng jo bo amogelesegang. Go ne go na le matshwenyego a gore ditiego tse dingwe di ka diragala fa go ka nna le bothata mo go thubeng majwe mo mokgatsheng go tswa kwa letamong la Letsibogo go ya kwa tankeng ya Moralane. Mo lefelong le, diphaephe tse disha di bapisitse tsa NSC-1, ka jalo go tshwanetswe gore go elwe tlhoko gore ga go diriwe tshenyo epe mo diphaepheng tse di leng teng.<ref name=":2" /> == Bokgoni jwa Zambezi == [[Setshwantsho:Zambezi River at junction of Namibia, Zambia, Zimbabwe & Botswana.jpg|thumb|Noka ya Zambezi kwa Kazungula, bokopano jwa mafatshe a mane a Namibia, Zambia, Botswana le Zimbabwe]] Ka dingwaga tsa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le dingwaga tsa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe dipuso tsa Botswana le Aforika Borwa di ne tsa simolola go buisana ka kgonagalo ya go goga metsi go tswa mo nokeng ya Zambezi e tshela mo lenaenong la North-South carrier. Mangwe a metsi a a tlaa isiwa kwa Aforika borwa. Mafatshe a mabedi a ne a akanyetsa go faposa noka ya Zambezi kwa Kazungula, maiteko a a neng a seka a amogelwa ke maloko a mangwe a lekgotla la Southern African Development Community (SADC). Go ne ga felelwa go rarabololwa ntwa ya gore ke mang mong wa metsi a Zambezi ke tsamaiso ya ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le botlhano ya mafaratlhatlha a metsi a a tlhakanetsweng le go tlhama bogogi jwa noka ya Zambezi. Le fa go nste jalo, go itlama ga dipuso tsa maloko go sala morago tumalano a bokoa ebile a ka se emelele diphetogo tsa seemo sa loapi.<ref>Moran, Daniel (15 April 2011). [https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=3B0kph7i_XYC&pg=PA239&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false ''Climate Change and National Security: A Country-Level Analysis''. Georgetown University Press.] ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>978-1-58901-741-2</bdi>. Retrieved 22 July 2026</ref> Mo tumalanonh, puso ya Botswana e abetswe metsi a mantsi go tswa kwa nokeng ya Zambezi gaufi le [[Kasane]]. NWMP e ne e akaretsa maano a lenaneo la Chobe/Zambezi, le tsaya didikadike di le makgolo a mane, masome a robabongwe le botlhano ka ngwaga go tswa kwa Zambezi go a dirisa mo go tsa temothuo ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le bobedi. Mo pegong ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi le lesome, lephata la ditswammung, kgothetso le metsi le ne la supa fa Botswaa a ka tlhoka metsi a mangwe a Zambezi go fitlhelela seelo se se tlhokiwang ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le masome a mabedi. Lephata le ne le solofetse go dira lenaneo la Chobe/Za,bezi ka pele, le go le golaganya le NSC. Lefatshe la Botswana le ne le buisantse ka maano a ho tsaya metsi kwa dikopanong tse di farologaneng tsa metsi a Zambezi, mme le sa itemogela kganetso epe.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20221010225330/https://www.water.gov.bw/images/Draft%20Prefeasibility_Feasibility%20Report.pdf "Feasibility Design Study on the Utilization of the Water Resources of the Chobe/Zambezi River"] (PDF). Ministry of Minerals, Energy and Water Resources - Department of Water Affairs. August 2010. Retrieved 22 July 2026</ref> Legato la ntlha le tla isa metsi kwa [[Pandamatenga]] go dirisiwa mo go tsa temo, fa legato la bobedi le tlaa isa metsi go tswa kwa Pandamatenga borwa go ya NSC. Diphaephe di tlaa ralala Francistown go kopana le NSC kwa tankeng ya ntlha (Moralane). Go tswa mo tseleng e e tlhophilweng, e tlaa nna dikhilomithara di le makgolo a matlhano go tsena makgolo a matlhano le masome a mabedi ka boleele. Puso ya Botswana e supa fa do tlhabolola diphaephe go ka fitlhelela letlhoko la mafatshe a a mabapi. Seteitshane se se tsayang metsi kwa Zambezi gape se ka isa metsi kwa [[Namibia|Namibia.]] Metsi a mangwe a pompiwa go tswa kwa [[Francistown]] go ya Bulawayo kwa [[Zimbabwe]].<ref>Varis, Olli; Tortajada, Cecilia; Biswas, Asit K. (29 April 2008). [https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=Z3ilzosWx4wC&pg=PA61&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false ''Management of Transboundary Rivers and Lakes''.] Springer. ISBN&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-3-540-74926-4|<bdi>978-3-540-74926-4</bdi>.]] Retrieved 22 July 2026</ref> == Kganetso == Go isa metsi kwa bathong go fitlhelela letlhoko la one mo dikgaolong tse di lenyora jaaka gaufi le Gaborone go ka nna le ditlamorago tse di sa siamang mo ditshabeng tse di tlaa latlhegelwang ke metsi. Go a kgonega gore go isa madirelo a a tlhokang metsi thata kwa mafelong a a nang le metsi e nne tsela e e tlhwatlhwa e kwa godimo e sena seabe sepe mo tikologong. Tumalano ya SADC ya ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le borataro ya go tlhakanela motlakase e ka bonwa e le sekai sa tsamaiso e.<ref>Haddad, Lawrence James (1997). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=4nYTmAhdAe0C&pg=PA233&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false Achieving Food Security in Southern Africa: New Challenges, New Opportunities]''. Intl Food Policy Res Inst. ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-89629-335-9|978-0-89629-335-9]]</bdi>. Retrieved 22 July 2026</ref> Lefatshe la Botswana le tshwanetse go dira mekgwa e mengwe ya itsholelo go dira dikgwebo ste dingwe gore di nne le dipoelo le go phadisana mo kgaolong mo go tsa itsholelo. Madi a a akanyediwang a didikadike di le lekgolo le masome a mabedi<ref>Publications, Europa (1 January 2003). [https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=jj4J-AXGDaQC&pg=PA98&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false ''Africa South of the Sahara 2004''.] Psychology Press. ISBN&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781857431834|<bdi>9781857431834</bdi>.]]</ref> a a dirisitsweng mo legatong la ntlha la North-South Carrier gongwe a ka bo a dirisitswe botoka mo diporojekeng tse dingwe, ka puso e lopa madi a a botoka go rotloetsa bareki go fokotsa tiriso ya metsi, le go gatelela tiriso e e siameng ya metsi a a teng. Me le ntse go ntse jalo, go dirisa madi a dipioelo tsa diteemane tsa Botswana mo tokafatsong ya metsi go tlwaelesegile mo batlhophing.<ref>Wohlmuth, Karl (2004). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=YA-9ZCRNVqgC&pg=PA421&redir_esc=y Private And Public Sectors: Towards a Balance]''. LIT Verlag Münster. p.&nbsp;421. ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>978-3-8258-6807-9</bdi>. Retrieved 22 July 2026</ref> == Metswedi == g8fwfc27uukry9nib6y754y4lw8iwmk 0 8693 53519 53343 2026-07-29T01:21:20Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 8 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53519 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Temperature Bar Chart Africa--1901-2020--2021-07-14.png|thumb|Setshwantso sa dipalopalo se se bontshang [[:en:Instrumental_temperature_record|phetogo ya mogote]] mo Aforika magareng ga 1901 le 2021, ka mmala o mohibidu o le bothitho mme botala jwa legodimo bo le tsididi go feta palogare (Palogare ya mogote ka nako ya ngwaga wa 1971 go ya kwa ngwageng wa 2000 e tsewa jaaka ntlha ya tshupiso ya diphetogo tse.)]] '''Phetogo ya seemo sa bosa mo Aforika''' ke matshosetsi a magolo ka gonne karolo ya eo ke nngwe ya dikgaolo tse [[:en:Climate_change_vulnerability|di mo kotsing]] thata ya [[:en:Effects_of_climate_change|ditlamorago tsa phetogo ya]] [[:en:Effects_of_climate_change|seemo sa bosa]], le fa e le yone e e bakang mesi e e kwa tlase ga karolo ya bone mo lekgolong ya lefatshe lotlhe e e dirang gore go nne le kgololo ya dighese tse di tshwarang mollo mo lefaufaung.<ref>Bank, African Development (5 November 2024). "[https://www.afdb.org/en/cop29/focus-africa Focus on Africa]". ''African Development Bank Group''. Retrieved 1 July 2026.</ref>Phetogo ya seemo sa bosa e baka mekgwa e e sa tlhomamang ya pula, d[[:en:Extreme_weather|itiragalo tse di feteletseng tsa]] [[:en:Extreme_weather|tepo loapi]] tse di diragalang kgapetsakgapetsa tse di jaaka [[:en:Drought|komelelo]], [[:en:Flood|merwalela]], le [[:en:Sea_surface_temperature|megote e e tlhatlogang ya boalogodimo jwa lewatle]] go ralala karolo e kgolo ya lefatshe e e naleng mafatshe a mantsi mo teng. Diphetogo tse di tshosetsa tshireletsego ya [[:en:Food_security|dijo]] le [[:en:Water_security|tshireletsego ya metsi]], [[:en:Biodiversity|mefutafuta ya ditshedi]], [[:en:Public_health|boitekanelo jwa setšhaba]], le [[:en:Economic_development|tlhabololo ya itsholelo]].<ref name=":0">Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (22 June 2023). "Africa". ''[https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/9781009325844/type/book Climate Change 2022 – Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability: Working Group II Contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change]'' (1&#x20;ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp.&#x20;1285–1456. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1017/9781009325844.011|10.1017/9781009325844.011]]. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-009-32584-4|978-1-009-32584-4]]</bdi>.</ref><ref>United Nations, UNEP (2017). "[http://www.unep.org/regions/africa/regional-initiatives/responding-climate-change Responding to climate change]". ''UNEP – UN Environment Programme''. Retrieved 1 July 2022.</ref> Aforika gone jaana e thuthafala ka bonako go feta lefatshe lotlhe ka palogare.<ref>World Meterological Organization (2 September 2024). [https://wmo.int/news/media-centre/africa-faces-disproportionate-burden-from-climate-change-and-adaptation-costs "Africa faces disproportionate burden from climate change and adaptation costs]". ''World Meteorological Organization''. Retrieved 16 September 2025.</ref> Phetogo ya seemo sa bosa e gakatsa matshosetsi a a leng teng a loago le itsholelo. Dikarolo tse dikgolo tsa baagi ba Aforika di ikaegile ka matshelo a a bosisi mo seemong sa bosa jaaka temothuo (karolo ya masome a matlhano le botlhano go ya kwa masome a marataro le bobedi mo lekgolong ya badiri mo Aforika e e kwa borwa jwa Sahara)<ref>Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (22 June 2023). "Africa". ''[https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/9781009325844/type/book Climate Change 2022 – Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability: Working Group II Contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change]'' (1&#x20;ed.). Cambridge University Press. p.&#x20;1289. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1017/9781009325844.011|10.1017/9781009325844.011]]. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-009-32584-4|978-1-009-32584-4]]</bdi>.</ref> mme di setse di tshela mo lehumeng, se se oketsang go tlhagelela ga bona mo ditshosong. Ditlamorago tsa botsogo di nna maswe le go feta fa [[:en:Hyperthermia|kgatelelo ya mogote]], [[:en:Disease_vector|malwetse a a tshelanwang ke dibopiwa tse di ananmisang bolwetse]] (a a tshwanang le [[:en:Malaria|malaria]] le [[:en:Dengue_fever|dengue]]), le letlhoko la dikotla di ntse di anama thata. Go feta sephatlo e leng karolong ya masome a matlhano le borataro mo lekgolong (56%) ya ditiragalo tse di fetang dikete tse pedi tse di kwadilweng tsa boitekanelo jwa setšhaba mo Aforika magareng ga ngwaga wa 2001 le ngwaga wa 2021 di ne di amana le phetogo ya seemo sa bosa.<ref>Africa CDC (7 July 2025). ''[https://africacdc.org/download/climate-change-and-health-strategic-framework-2025/ Climate Change and Health: Strategic Framework 2025]''. p.&#x20;vii.</ref> [[:en:Resource_depletion|Tlhaelo ya didirisiwa]] e na le seabe mo go fudugeng le dikgotlhang, bogolosegolo mo dikgaolong tse di bokoa. Mafelo a ditoropo, a gantsi a tlhaolwang ke mafelo a bonno a a sa tlhomamang, a lebane le dikotsi tse di kwa godimo tsa morwalela le mogote o o feteletseng.<ref name=":0" /> Temothuo ke nngwe ya makalana a a mo kotsing thata, ka bontsi jwa balemirui ba Aforika ba ikaegile ka dijalo tse di [[:en:Rainfed_agriculture|nosetswang ke pula]]. Pula e e fokoditsweng le e e sa bonelwang pele, e kopantswe le megote e e kwa godimo, e kgweetsa tatlhegelo ya bongola jwa mmu, [[:en:Desertification_in_Africa|go nna sekaka]] (bogolosegolo kwa [[:en:Sahara|Sahara]]) le go sutisa mafelo a a tshwanetseng a go gola. Diphetogo tse di fokotsa thobo ya dijalo tsa konokono, di nyatsa tshireletsego ya dijo le go gakatsa tlala. Boitekanelo jwa [[:en:Livestock|leruo]] bo ntse bo tsenngwa mo kotsing thata ke kgatelelo ya mogote le go fetoga ga mekgwa ya malwetse. Dithulaganyo tsa tikologo tsa lebopo le tsa lewatle di lebane le mawatle a a thuthafetseng le [[:en:Sea_level_rise|maemo a a tlhatlogang]], se se tshosetsang batshwaraditlhapi le mafelo a a nang le batho ba le bantsi a a mo lebopong.<ref>Fonjong, Lotsmart; Matose, Frank; Sonnenfeld, David A. (1 December 2024). [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S095937802400116X "Climate change in Africa: Impacts, adaptation, and policy responses"]. ''Global Environmental Change''. '''89''' 102912. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024GEC....8902912F 2024GEC....8902912F]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2024.102912|10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2024.102912]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0959-3780 0959-3780].</ref> Ditshenyegelo tsa itsholelo tsa phetogo ya seemo sa bosa di maswe thata. Ka palogare mafatshe a Aforika a lebane le ditatlhegelo tse di amanang le seemo sa bosa tse di fitlhang ko karolong ya bobedi go ya kwa botlhanong mo lekgolong ya [[:en:Gross_domestic_product|Palogotlhe ya Boleng jwa Ditlhagiso tsa Naga(GDP)]] ka ngwaga, fa ditshenyegelo tsa go [[:en:Climate_change_adaptation|tlwaela]] mo Aforika e e kwa borwa jwa Sahran di akanyediwa go nna didikadike tsa di dilara tsa lefatshe la USA di le masome a mararo go yab kwa masomemg a matlhano (USD 30-50 billion) ka ngwaga mo dingwageng di le lesome tse di tlang. Se se tshosetsa dipoelo tsa tlhabololo le go baya kgatelelo mo dipusong le mo ditheong tsa boditšhabatšhaba go kokoanya [[:en:Climate_finance|matlole a seemo sa bosa]].<ref>World Meteorological Organization (2024). ''[https://uneca.org/sites/default/files/ACPC/publication/State-of-the-Climate-in-Africa-2023_en.pdf State of the Climate in Africa: 2023]'' (PDF). Geneva. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-92-63-11360-3|978-92-63-11360-3]]</bdi>.</ref><ref>European Investment Bank (19 October 2022). ''[https://www.eib.org/en/publications/finance-in-africa-navigating-the-financial-landscape-in-turbulent-times Finance in Africa - Navigating the financial landscape in turbulent times]''. European Investment Bank. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-92-861-5382-2|978-92-861-5382-2]]</bdi>.</ref> Maano a Aforika a go itlwaetsa phetogo ya seemo sa bosa a tsepamisitse mogopolo mo go ageng nonofo ka [[:en:Climate-smart_agriculture|temothuo e e botlhale mo]] [[:en:Climate-smart_agriculture|seemong sa bosa]] , [[:en:Water_management|taolo ya metsi]] e e tswelelang, [[:en:Environmental_protection|tshomarelo ya tikologo]], le go matlafatsa dithulaganyo tsa boitekanelo le tsa mafaratlhatlha. Mekgwa e e baya kwa pele go tokafatsa puso, go kokoanya matlole le dipeeletso tsa seemo sa bosa, le go rotloetsa go tsaya karolo ga baagi go samagana le go nna mo kotsing ka botlalo.<ref>Tadesse, Debay (1 December 2010). [https://issafrica.org/research/papers/the-impact-of-climate-change-in-africa "The impact of climate change in Africa"]. ''ISS Africa''. Retrieved 16 September 2025.</ref><ref>Badji, Arfang; Ibanda, Angele; Akello, Sarah; Ekwamu, Adipala (2022). [https://afjrdev.org/index.php/jos/article/view/410 "Climate change impacts and adaptation strategies in Africa: Selected case studies"]. ''African Journal of Rural Development''. '''7''' (3): 209–274. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2415-2838 2415-2838].</ref><ref>Ngongolo, Kelvin; Gayo, Leopody (21 May 2025). [[doi:10.3389/past.2025.14225|"Climate change impacts and mitigation strategies in Sub-Saharan Africa's livestock production sector. A brief review"]]. ''Pastoralism: Research, Policy and Practice''. '''15''' 14225. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]][https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2025Pasto..1514225N :2025Pasto..1514225N.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.3389/past.2025.14225|10.3389/past.2025.14225]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2041-7136 2041-7136].</ref>Matlhomeso a karolo kgolo ya lefatshe e e naleng mafatshe a mangwe le a bosetšhaba a gatelela kgokagano ya makalana a mantsi, kamogelo ya maranyane, le kago ya bokgoni go tshegetsa tlhabololo e e tswelelang le go fokotsa [[:en:Climate_risk|dikotsi tsa seemo sa bosa]].<ref>African Union (28 June 2022). [https://au.int/en/documents/20220628/african-union-climate-change-and-resilient-development-strategy-and-action-plan ''African Union Climate Change and Resilient Development Strategy and Action Plan (2022-2032)''.] African Union.</ref> == Pabalesego ya metsi le go senyega ga metswedi == [[Setshwantsho:View of the surrounding at the Lake Kariba with hippos (6910358407).jpg|thumb|Lekadiba la Kariba]] Phetogo ya seemo sa bosa e dira jaaka selo se segolo se se sa tlhomamang ga tshireletsego ya metsi go ralala karolo kgolo ya lefatshe e e naleng mafatshe a mantsi ya Aforika, ka ditikologo tsa metsi tse di bontshang go sa tlhomama go go oketsegileng. Go ya ka pegelo ya Mokgatlho wa Lefatshe wa Maemo a Bosa (WMO) ya ''Seemo sa'' ''sa bosa mo Aforika ya ngwaga wa 2025'', maemo a bosa a a feteletseng le ditshupo tse di amanang le seemo sa bosa di amile bonnye jwa batho ba le didkadike di le lesome le boraro mme tsa baka dintsho tse di fetang dikete tse tharo tse di begilweng ka ngwaga wa 2025 fela, mme merwalela e ne ya dira go feta sephatlo sa seemo sa bosa sotlhe se se diphatsa.<ref name=":9">"[https://wmo.int/news/media-centre/extreme-weather-and-climate-events-impact-millions-africa-2025 Extreme weather and climate events impact millions in Africa in 2025]". World Meteorological Organization. 18 June 2026. Retrieved 19 June 2026.</ref>. Go gakala mo ga dikotsi go kgoreletsa go nna teng ga metsi a a fa godimo ga lefatshe le mafaratlhatlha a dikago, go fetola dikotsi tsa seemo sa bosa go nna mathata a metsi a itsholelo a a anameng.<ref>"[https://reliefweb.int/report/world/state-climate-africa-2025-enar State of the Climate in Africa 2025 &#x5B;EN/AR]&#x5D;". World Meteorological Organization via ReliefWeb. 18 June 2026. Retrieved 19 June 2026.</ref> === Diphoso tse dikgolo tsa letamo le motlhamo wa motlakase === Go nna mo kotsing ga dithulaganyo tse dikgolo tsa polokelo ya metsi mo dipharologanong tsa mogote tse di tsayang nako e telele go ne ga bontshiwa ka nako ya komelelo ya kgaolo ya ngwaga wa 2023 go ya kwa ngwageng ya 2025 kwa Borwa jwa Aforika, e e neng ya tlhaolwa jaaka komelelo e e maswe go gaisa e e amileng kgaolo mo dingwageng di feta lekgolo.<ref>[https://www.unocha.org/publications/report/mozambique/southern-africa-el-nino-regional-humanitarian-overview-september-2024 Southern Africa: El Niño Regional Humanitarian Overview] (Report). UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA). 20 September 2024. Retrieved 19 June 2026.</ref> E tlhotlhelediwa ke legato le le tseneletseng la El Niño le diphetogo tse di siameng tsa Dipole tsa Lewatle la India, ditlhaelo tsa pula di ne tsa baka go wela tlase ga ditso ga selekanyo sa metsi a Letsha la Kariba, letamo le legolo go gaisa mo Aforika le le dirilweng ke batho ka bogolo jo bo ka tsayang metsi .<ref>[https://wmo.int/resources/publication-series/state-of-climate-africa/state-of-climate-africa-2025 "State of the Climate in Africa 2025 Interactive]". World Meteorological Organization. 18 June 2026. Retrieved 19 June 2026.</ref> Go fokotsega ga bogolo jo bo ka tsayang metsi ya polokelo e e tshelang ya letamo go dirile gore ditlhomo tsa motlakase o o amanang le metsi di se ka tsa kgona go dira, ga pateletsa go kgaoga ga motlakase ka nako e telele le go abelwa metsi a a phepa go ralala mafatshe a Zambia le Zimbabwe, mme ga felela ka dikgoeletso tsa bosetšhaba tsa masetlapelo a komelelo go ralala ditšhaba di le thataro, go akaretsa Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi le Namibia.<ref>[https://reliefweb.int/report/angola/drought-southern-africa-angola-botswana-lesotho-malawi-mozambique-namibia-zambia-zimbabwe-public-health-situation-analysis-phsa-14-october-2024 Drought in Southern Africa: Public Health Situation Analysis] (Report). World Health Organization. 14 October 2024. Retrieved 19 June 2026.</ref> === Kgotlelego ya mafaratlhatlha le sediba se se kgabaganyang melelwane === Go farologana le seo, go akofisa ga ditiragalo tsa pula e e feteletseng go tshoseditse ka go lekana phitlhelelo ya metsi a a phepa. Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 2025, morwalela o o sa tshwanelang le o o bokete wa tshoganyetso kwa Nigeria o ne wa baka dintsho di feta makgolo a mabedi le go fekeetsa mafaratlhatlha a metsi a mmasepala a selegae, mme se sa baka go tlhakana ka tlhamalalo ga metsi a a elelang le mokgatšha wa metsi a ka fa tlase ga lefatshe mo lefelong la ditoropo o o seng ko teng le dithulaganyo tsa diphaephe tsa mmasepala.<ref>[https://wmo.int/resources/publication-series/state-of-climate-africa/state-of-climate-africa-2025 "State of the Climate in Africa 2025]". World Meteorological Organization. 18 June 2026. Retrieved 19 June 2026.</ref> Mo dibeiseneng tse di kgabaganyang melelwane jaaka kgaolo ya Letsha la Chad, thuthafalo e e tswelelang le diphetogo tsa pula e e sa tlhomamang thata di tswelela go fetola bogolo jo bo ka tsayang metsi tsa paka. Dikgobalo tse di tlholang mo lefelong le le leng teng la boalogodimo di nyatsa ka tlhamalalo motheo wa didirisiwa tsa batho ba feta didikadike di le masome a mararo go ralala Nigeria, Niger, Chad, le Cameroon, go bontsha ka fao go sa sireletsega ga metsi mo go bakiwang ke seemo sa bosa go ka dirang jaaka setlhotlheletsi sa tsitsipano ya lefatshe le sepolotiki le go fuduga ka pateletso.<ref name=":9" /> == Mesi ya digase tse di tshwarang mogote mo loaping == ''Tshedimosetso e e oketsegileng: [[:en:Climate_change_in_South_Africa#Greenhouse_gas_emissions|Phetogo ya]] [[:en:Climate_change_in_South_Africa#Greenhouse_gas_emissions|seemo sa bosa mo Aforika Borwa § Mesi ya digase tsa tse di tshwarang mogote mo loaping]], [[:en:Climate_change_in_Kenya#Greenhouse_gas_emissions|Phetogo ya]] [[:en:Climate_change_in_Kenya#Greenhouse_gas_emissions|seemo sa bosa kwa Kenya § Mesi ya digase tse di tshwarang mogote mo loaping]], [[:en:Climate_change_in_Nigeria#Greenhouse_gas_emissions|Phetogo ya]] [[:en:Climate_change_in_Nigeria#Greenhouse_gas_emissions|seemo sa bosa kwa Nigeria § Mesi ya digase tse di tshwarang mogote mo loaping]], le [[:en:Climate_change_in_the_Middle_East_and_North_Africa#Greenhouse_gas_emissions|Phetogo ya]] [[:en:Climate_change_in_the_Middle_East_and_North_Africa#Greenhouse_gas_emissions|seemo sa bosa kwa Botlhabagare le Aforika Bokone § Mesi ya digase tse di tshwarang mogote mo loaping]]'' Mesi ya digase tse di tshwarang mogote mo loaping tsa Aforika ka motho mongwe le mongwe e kwa tlase fa e bapisiwa le karolokgolo ya lefatshe e e naleng mafatshe a mantsi mo teng e mengwe.<ref>[https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/downloads/outreach/IPCC_AR6_WGII_FactSheet_Africa.pdf "Fact sheet - Africa]" (PDF). Retrieved 4 August 2024.</ref> Mesi e e tswang mo phetogong ya tiriso ya lefatshe ga e tlhomame, bogolosegolo mo [[:en:Central_Africa|Bogare jwa Aforika]] .<ref name=":36">Mostefaoui, Mounia; Ciais, Philippe; McGrath, Matthew J.; Peylin, Philippe; Patra, Prabir K.; Ernst, Yolandi (11 January 2024). [https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/16/245/2024/ "Greenhouse gas emissions and their trends over the last 3 decades across Africa"]. ''Earth System Science Data''. '''16''' (1): 245–275. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024ESSD...16..245M 2024ESSD...16..245M]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.5194/essd-16-245-2024|10.5194/essd-16-245-2024]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1866-3516 1866-3516].</ref> Motswedi o mogolo wa go sa tlhomamang o tswa mo diphetogong tsa ghese ya carbon dioxide mo lekalaneng la [[:en:LULUCF|LULUCF]] (khutshwafatso e e emetse tiriso ya lefatshe, [[:en:Land-use_change|phetogo ya tiriso ya lefatshe]], le dikgwa).<ref name=":36" /> == Ditlamorago == === Selekanyo sa mogote le phetogo ya seemo sa bosa === [[Setshwantsho:Koppen-Geiger Map v2 Africa 1991–2020.svg|thumb|Setshwantsho sa Aforika wa go tlhaola seemo sa bosa sa Köppen ka ngwaga wa 1991 go ya kwa ngwageng wa 2020]] [[Setshwantsho:Koppen-Geiger Map Africa future.svg|thumb|Setshwantsho sa mahatshe a Africa ka dingwaga tsa 2071 go ya kwa 2100 ka fa tlase ga boemo [[:en:Representative_Concentration_Pathway|jo bo tseneletseng thata jwa phetogo ya seemo sa bosa]]. Ditiragalo tsa maemo a a fa gare ga jaanong jaana di tsewa di le kgonagalo e ntsi<ref>Hausfather, Zeke; Peters, Glen (29 January 2020). [[doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00177-3|"Emissions – the 'business as usual' story is misleading]]". ''Nature''. '''577''' (7792): 618–20. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2020Natur.577..618H 2020Natur.577..618H.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00177-3|10.1038/d41586-020-00177-3]]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31996825 31996825].</ref><ref>Schuur, Edward A.G.; Abbott, Benjamin W.; Commane, Roisin; Ernakovich, Jessica; Euskirchen, Eugenie; Hugelius, Gustaf; Grosse, Guido; Jones, Miriam; Koven, Charlie; Leshyk, Victor; Lawrence, David; Loranty, Michael M.; Mauritz, Marguerite; Olefeldt, David; Natali, Susan; Rodenhizer, Heidi; Salmon, Verity; Schädel, Christina; Strauss, Jens; Treat, Claire; Turetsky, Merritt (2022). "[[doi:10.1146/annurev-environ-012220-011847|Permafrost and Climate Change: Carbon Cycle Feedbacks From the Warming Arctic"]]. ''Annual Review of Environment and Resources''. '''47''': 343–371. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2022ARER...47..343S 2022ARER...47..343S.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1146/annurev-environ-012220-011847|10.1146/annurev-environ-012220-011847]]. <q>Medium-range estimates of Arctic carbon emissions could result from moderate climate emission mitigation policies that keep global warming below 3°C (e.g., RCP4.5). This global warming level most closely matches country emissions reduction pledges made for the Paris Climate Agreement...</q></ref><ref>Phiddian, Ellen (5 April 2022). "[https://cosmosmagazine.com/earth/climate/explainer-ipcc-scenarios/ Explainer: IPCC Scenarios]". ''[[:en:Cosmos_(magazine)|Cosmos]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230920224129/https://cosmosmagazine.com/earth/climate/explainer-ipcc-scenarios/ Archived] from the original on 20 September 2023. Retrieved 30 September 2023. <q>"The IPCC doesn't make projections about which of these scenarios is more likely, but other researchers and modellers can. [[:en:The_Australian_Academy_of_Science|The Australian Academy of Science]], for instance, released a report last year stating that our current emissions trajectory had us headed for a 3°C warmer world, roughly in line with the middle scenario. [[:en:Climate_Action_Tracker|Climate Action Tracker]] predicts 2.5 to 2.9°C of warming based on current policies and action, with pledges and government agreements taking this to 2.1°C.</q></ref>]] Go etswe tlhoko fa [[:en:Instrumental_temperature_record|mogote wa moalo wa lefatshe]] ka kakaretsoo ile kwa godimo mo Aforika kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwagakgolo wa lesome le borobabongwe go ya kwa tshimologong ya ngwagakgolo wa masome a mabedi le bongwe ka bokana jwa mogote wa Celcius e le nngwe (1 °C), mme mo gae mogote oo kwa tlase kwa Sahel fa paka e e omeletseng e fela e leselekanyo sa mogote sa Celcius e le boraro (3 °C).<ref name=":3">''Rural societies in the face of climatic and environmental changes in West Africa''. Marseille: IRD éditions. 2017. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-2-7099-2424-5|<bdi>978-2-7099-2424-5</bdi>.]] [[:en:OCLC#OCLC|OCLC]]&nbsp;[https://www.worldcat.org/title/1034784045 1034784045]. Impr. Jouve.</ref>Go thuthafala ga Aforika go oketsegile ka lefela ntlha tharo ya selekanyo sa mogote sa Celcius (+0.3 C) go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1991 go ya ko ngwageng wa 2021 fa go bapisiwa le koketsego ya lefela ntlha pedi (+0.2) ka nako ya ngwaga wa 1961 go ya ko ngwageng wa 1910. Go fophakanyediwa olediwa gore ka ngwaga wa 2030, batho ba Aforika ba tla bo ba le mo kotsing ya go tlhatloga ga bogodimo jwa lewatle ka ntlha ya go tlhatloga ga mogote. Se se tla dira gore go [[:en:Agricultural_productivity|ntsha dikungo ga temothuo]] go fokotsege.<ref>Engel, Ulf (2024). Engel, Ulf (ed.). ''Yearbook on the African Union Volume 3 (2022)''. Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar: Brill. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-90-04-68308-2|<bdi>978-90-04-68308-2</bdi>.]]</ref> Diphetogo tsa pula tse di lemogilweng di supa dipharologano tsa sebaka le tsa nako jaaka go solofetswe.<ref name=":10">Collins, Jennifer M. (15 July 2011). [[doi:10.1175/2011JCLI3753.1|"Temperature Variability over Africa]]". ''Journal of Climate''. '''24''' (14): 3649–3666. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011JCli...24.3649C 2011JCli...24.3649C]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1175/2011JCLI3753.1|10.1175/2011JCLI3753.1]].</ref><ref>Niang, I.; O. C. Ruppel; M. A. Abdrabo; A. Essel; C. Lennard; J. Padgham, and P. Urquhart, 2014: Africa. In: ''Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability''. Part B: Regional Aspects. [https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/02/WGIIAR5-Chap22_FINAL.pdf Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change] [Barros, V. R.; C. B. Field; D. J. Dokken et al. (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 1199–1265.</ref> Diphetogo tse di lemogilweng mo megoteng le [[:en:Precipitation|pula]] di farologana go ya ka dikgaolo.<ref>Conway, Declan; Persechino, Aurelie; Ardoin-Bardin, Sandra; Hamandawana, Hamisai; Dieulin, Claudine; Mahé, Gil (February 2009). [[doi:10.1175/2008JHM1004.1|"Rainfall and Water Resources Variability in Sub-Saharan Africa during the Twentieth Century"]]. ''Journal of Hydrometeorology''. '''10''' (1): 41–59. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009JHyMe..10...41C 2009JHyMe..10...41C.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1175/2008JHM1004.1|10.1175/2008JHM1004.1]].</ref><ref name=":10" /> Dikai tsa ga jaana tsa seemo sa bosa (jaaka di sobokantswe mo [[:en:IPCC_Sixth_Assessment_Report|Pegelong ya Tshekatsheko ya Borataro ya IPCC]]) di bonelapele koketsego ya makgetlo le maatla a ditiragalo tsa komelelo le pula e e maatla.<ref name=":4">Armstrong, Andrew; Dyer, Ellen; Koehler, Johanna; Hope, Rob (2022). [[doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2022.102592|"Intra-seasonal rainfall and piped water revenue variability in rural Africa".]] Global Environmental Change. 76 102592. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2022GEC....7602592A 2022GEC....7602592A]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2022.102592|10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2022.102592.]]  Text was copied from this source, which is available under a [[ccorg:licenses/by/4.0/|Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License]]</ref> Gape di bonelapele phokotsego ya pula e e magareng mo e ka nnang gongwe le gongwe mo Aforika, ka tshepo e e magareng go ya go e e kwa godimo. Le fa go ntse jalo, diphetogo tsa pula ya selegae le ditirisano tsa loago le seemo sa bosa di ka bonala ka mekgwa e e tlhakaneng. Ka jalo, ditlamorago tse di kopanang tsa phetogo ya seemo sa bosa di tla farologana go ralala karolo e kgolo ya lefatshe e e naleng mafatshe a a mantsi mo teng. Mo metseng ya selegae, mekgwa ya pula e tlhotlheletsa tiriso ya metsi.<ref name=":4" /> [[Setshwantsho:Koppen-Geiger Map Africa future.svg|thumb|Setshwantso sa karolo kgolo ya Lefatshe ye naleng mafatshe ya Africa ya dingwaga tsa 2071 go ya kwa 2100 ka fa tlase ga boemo jo bo tseneletseng thata jwa phetogo ya seemo sa bosa . Ditiragalo tsa magareng ga jaana di tsewa di ka nna teng.]] Ditlhotlhomiso tse di dirilweng ka ngwaga wa 2019 di akanyeditse fa paka ya komelelo e tla tsaya lobaka ka nako ya dipula mme gape go nne le dipula tse di matsorotsoro mo Aforika.<ref name=":1">Kendon, Elizabeth J.; Stratton, Rachel A.; Tucker, Simon; Marsham, John H.; Berthou, Ségolène; Rowell, David P.; Senior, Catherine A. (2019). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6478940/ "Enhanced future changes in wet and dry extremes over Africa at convection-permitting scale"]. ''Nature Communications''. '''10''' (1): 1794. [[bibcode:2019NatCo..10.1794K|Bibcode]]:[[bibcode:2019NatCo..10.1794K|2019NatCo..10.1794K.]] [[:en:Digital_object_identifier|doi]]:[https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-019-09776-9 10.1038/s41467-019-09776-9.] [[:en:International_Standard_Serial_Number|ISSN]]&nbsp;[https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:2041-1723 2041-1723]. [[:en:PubMed_Central#PMCID|PMC]][https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6478940/ &nbsp;6478940]. [[:en:PubMed#PubMed_identifier|PMID]]&nbsp;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31015416/ 31015416.]</ref> Ka mafoko a mangwe "maemo a a feteletseng a bosa a tla gakalela pele".<ref name=":2">"[https://weather.com/news/climate/news/2019-06-18-africa-extreme-weather-drought-flood More Extreme Weather in Africa's Future, Study Says | The Weather Channel – Articles from The Weather Channel | weather.com"]. ''The Weather Channel''. Retrieved 1 July 2022.</ref> Patlisiso e fitlhetse gore bontsi jwa [[:en:Climate_model|dikai tsa seemo sa bosa]] ga di kitla di kgona go bona selekanyo sa diphetogo tseno ka gonne ga di letlelele [[:en:Atmospheric_convection|phetogo]] ya mowa mo dilekanong tsa tsone tse di makgwakgwa.<ref name=":1" /> === Go tlhatloga ga bogodimo jwa lewatle === ''Bona gape : [[:en:Floods_in_Africa|Merwalela mo Aforika]]'' [[Setshwantsho:Dar es Salaam (Aerial).jpg|thumb|Pono e e bonwang kwa godimo ya motsemogolo wa lefatshe la Tanzania, e leng Dar es Salaam.]] Mo [[:en:Africa|Aforika]], [[:en:Population_growth|kgolo ya batho]] mo isagong e oketsa dikotsi tse di bakiwang ke go tlhatloga ga bogodimo jwa lewatle. Batho ba ka nna didikadike di le masome a matlhano le bone ntlha pedi ba ne ba nna mo dikgaolong tsa lebopo tse di kwa tlase tse di tlhagelelang thata (LECZ) ka dingwaga tsa bo 2000. Palo e e tla menagana gabedi go fitlha go batho ba ka nna didikadike di le lekgolo le lesome ka dingwaga tsa bo 2030. Ka ngwaga wa 2060 e tla bo e le batho ba ka nna didikadike di le lekgolo le masome a borobabobedi le botlhano go ya go ko makgolong a mabedi le boraro, go ikaegile ka selekanyo sa kgolo ya baagi. Palogare ya tlhatlogo ya bogodimo jwa lewatle jwa kgaolo e tla nna mo tikologong ya selekanyo sa boleele jwa di centimetara di le masome a mabedi le bongwe ka ngwaga wa 2060. Ka nako eo ditiragalo tsa phetogo ya seemo sa bosa ga di kitla di dira pharologanyo e ntsi. Mme thutafatshe ya selegae le diphetogo tsa baagi di dirisana go oketsa go tlhagelela mo dikotsing tse di jaaka merwalela ya dingwaga di le lekgolo ka tsela e e raraaneng.<ref name=":5">Trisos, C. H., I. O. Adelekan, E. Totin, A. Ayanlade, J. Efitre, A. Gemeda, K. Kalaba, C. Lennard, C. Masao, Y. Mgaya, G. Ngaruiya, D. Olago, N. P. Simpson, and S. Zakieldeen 2022: [https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGII_Chapter09.pdf Chapter 9: Africa]. In Climate [https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/ Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability] [H.-O. Pörtner, D.C. Roberts, M. Tignor, E. S. Poloczanska, K. Mintenbeck, A. Alegría, M. Craig, S. Langsdorf, S. Löschke, V. Möller, A. Okem, B. Rama (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, New York, US, pp. 2043–2121 |doi=10.1017/9781009325844.011.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Abidjan des Lagune.jpg|thumb|Abidjan, e leng toropo e e nonofileng thata ya ikonomi ya Ivory Coast]] {| class="wikitable" |+Dipalopalo tsa batho mo dipoeng tsa merwalela tsa dingwaga di le 100.<ref name=":5" /> !Lefatshe !2000 !2030 !2060 !Kgolo go ya ngwaga wa 2000 goya kwa ngwageng wa 2060 |- |Egypt |7.4 |13.8 |20.7 |0.28 |- |Nigeria |0.1 |0.3 |0.9 |0.84 |- |Senegal |0.4 |1.1 |2.7 |0.76 |- |Benin |0.1 |0.6 |1.6 |1.12 |- |Tanzania |0.2 |0.9 |4.3 |2.3 |- |Somalia |0.2 |0.6 |2.7 |1.7 |- |Cote d'Ivoire |0.1 |0.3 |0.7 |0.65 |- |Mozambique |0.7 |1.4 |2.5 |0.36 |} # Mo didikadikeng tsa batho. Kholomo ya bobedi le ya boraro di akaretsa bobedi ditlamorago tsa kgolo ya baagi le bogolo jo bo oketsegileng jwa dipoa tsa morwalela ka nako eo. # Koketsego ya baagi ba lefelo le boemo jo bo kwa godimo jo bo utlwalang jwa kgolo ya baagi. [[Setshwantsho:ANKOMAH 20221122-009.jpg|thumb|Monna mongwe o lebile kwa ntle kwa lotshitshing lwa lewatle a le mo kagong e e sentsweng ke makhubu a a kwa godimo kwa [[:en:Chorkor|Chorkor]], e leng torotswana ya [[:en:Accra|Accra]]. Morwalela wa letsatsi le letsatsi o o bakiwang ke go tlhatloga ga bogodimo jwa lewatle, o oketsa [[:en:Coastal_erosion|kgogolego ya mabopo]] e e senyang matlo, mafaratlhatlha le dithulaganyo tsa tlholego tsa tikologo. Baagi ba le mmalwa kwa Coastal Ghana ba setse ba itemogela go fetoga ga makhubu a lewatle.]] Mo pakeng e e gaufi, go lebeletswe gore go fuduga mo gogolo go tla diragala mo kgaolong ya [[:en:East_Africa|Botlhaba jwa Aforika]] . Bonnye jwa batho ba le dikete tse makgolo a supa le botlhano koo go ka direga gore ba fudusiwe go tswa kwa mabopong magareng ga dingwaga tsa 2020 le 2050. Dithutopatlisiso tsa saense di akanyeditse gore ditoropo tse dikgolo di le lesome le bobedi tsa Aforika di tla tshegetsa tshenyo e e kokoantsweng ya didikadike tsa dilora tsa USA di le masome a marataro le botlhano ka ntlha ya boemo jwa phetogo ya seemo sa bosa jo bo "magareng" jwa [[:en:Representative_Concentration_Pathway|RCP4.5]] ka ngwaga wa 2050. Ditoropo tse Abidjan, Alexandria, Algiers, Cape Town, Casablanca, Dakar, Dar es Salaam, Durban, Lagos, Lomé, Luanda le Maputo. Ka fa tlase ga boemo jwa go ntsha mesi e e kwa godimo jwa RCP8.5 tshenyo e tla fitlha didikadike tsa di dolara tsa lefatshe la USA di le masome a borobabobedi le boratatro ntlha tlhano. Mofuta wa boemo jwa go ntsha mesi e e kwa godimo jo bo nang le ditlamorago tse dingwe go tswa mo go sa tlhomamang ga aese e e kwa godimo go tla akaretsa ditshenyegelo tse di ka fitlhang go didikadike tsa di dolara tsa lefatshe la USA di le lekgolo le masome a mararo le bosupa ntlha tlhano. Tshenyo e e tswang mo ditiragalong tse tharo tse di ikarabelang mo godimo ga "ditiragalo tse di nang le kgonagalo e e kwa tlase, tse di nang le tshenyo e e kwa godimo" e tla tlhatlogela kwa go didikadikeng tsa di dolara di le lekgolo le masome a borobabobedi le bosupa, tse makgolo a mabei le borataro le makgolo a mararo le masome a a borobabongwe le bosupa ka go latelana.<ref name=":5" /> Mo dikakanyetsong tse, motsemogolo wa Egepeto wa Alexandria o le nosi o dira mo e ka nnang sephatlo sa palo e.<ref name=":5" /> Batho ba le diketekete tse di makgolokgolo mo mafelong a yone a a kwa tlase ba ka tswa ba setse ba tlhoka go fuduga mo dingwageng tse di lesome tse di tlang.<ref>Michaelson, Ruth (25 August 2018). [https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2018/aug/29/alexandria-little-venice-egypt-climate-change-frontline "Houses claimed by the canal: life on Egypt's climate change frontline"]. [[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]. Retrieved 30 August 2018.</ref> Go ralala Aforika o o kwa [[:en:Sub-Saharan_Africa|borwa jwa Sahara]] ka kakaretso, tshenyo e e bakiwang ke go tlhatloga ga bogodimo jwa lewatle e ka fitlha karolo ya bobedi go ya kwa boneng mo lekgolong ya GDP ka ngwaga wa 2050. Le fa go ntse jalo palo e e ikaegile ka selekanyo sa [[:en:Economic_growth|kgolo ya itsholelo]] ya isago le [[:en:Adaptation|go tlwaela]].<ref name=":5" /> [[Setshwantsho:Leptis Magna amphitheatre - panoramio.jpg|left|thumb|Masalela a [[:en:Amphitheater|lefelo la bobogelo]] la Leptis Magna, mme lewatle le bonala kwa morago]] Mo pakeng e telele, Egepeto, Mozambique le Tanzania di ka nna le palo e kgolo ya batho ba ba amiwang ke morwalela wa ngwaga le ngwaga mo dinageng tsotlhe tsa Aforika. Tekanyetso e e tsaya gore thuthafalo ya lefatshe e tla fitlha selekanyo sa mogote wa Celcius tse nne (4 °C) kwa bokhutlong jwa lekgolo la dingwaga. Tlhatlhogo eo e amana le boemo jwa RCP8.5. Ka fa tlase ga RCP8.5, mafelo a botlhokwa a setso a le lesome a ne a tla bo a le mo kotsing ya morwalela le kgogolego kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwagakgolo. Tsena ke [[:en:Casbah_of_Algiers|Casbah ya Algiers]], [[:en:Carthage#Archaeological_site|Lefelo la Boepi la Carthage]], [[:en:Kerkouane|Kerkouane]], Leptis Magna Lefelo la Boepi, Medina wa Sousse, Medina wa Tunis, Lefelo la Boepi la Sabratha, Setlhaketlhake sa Robben, Setlhaketlhake sa Saint-Louis le Tipasa. Palogotlhe ya lesome le botlhano a [[:en:Ramsar_site|mafelo a Ramsar]] le mafelo a mangwe a boswa jwa tlholego a ne a tla lebana le dikotsi tse di tshwanang. Tseno ke [[:en:Bao_Bolong_Wetland_Reserve|Lefelo la Polokelo ya Lefelo le le Metsi la Bao Bolong]][[:en:Delta_du_Saloum_National_Park|,Lefelo la Bosetšhaba ya Delta du Saloum]], [[:en:Diawling_National_Park|Lefelo la Bosetšhaba ya Diawling]], Kolofo ya Boughrara, Kalissaye, Letsha la Lewatle le Lefelo la Mejerda, [[:en:Marromeu_Game_Reserve|Lefelo la Tshireletso ya Diphologolo tsa Marromeu]], Lefelo la Tshireletso ya Diphologolo tsa Diphologolo tsa Marromeu, Lefelo la Tshireletso la Tlhago la Ditlhare tsa Mangrove le Lefelo la Polokelo ya Diphologolo tsa Seal, Essed, Sebkhet Soliman, Lefelo la Tlhago la Kgatlhego ya Setšhaba la Somone, [[:en:Songhor_Lagoon|Lefelo la Tlhago la Ditshedi la Songor]], [[:en:Tanbi_Wetland_Complex|Lefelo]] [[:en:Tanbi_Wetland_Complex|le le dikago tse dintsi la Metsi la Tanbi]] le [[:en:Watamu_Marine_National_Park|Lefelo la Bosetšhaba ya Lewatle ya Watamu]].<ref name=":5" /> == Ditlamorago tsa loago le itsholelo == [[Setshwantsho:Access to wood and water appears to be severely impacted by climate change in Kenya and Cameroon.png|thumb|Dipholo tsa patlisiso go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2022 di bontsha gore go bonala dikgong le metsi go amiwa thata ke phetogo ya seemo sa bosa kwa Kenya le kwa Cameroon<ref>Bank, European Investment (5 June 2023). ''[https://www.eib.org/en/publications/20230098-eib-climate-survey-africa-and-middle-east The EIB Climate Survey: Africa and the Middle East]''. European Investment Bank. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-92-861-5534-5|<bdi>978-92-861-5534-5</bdi>.]]</ref>]] [[:en:Climate_change|Phetogo ya seemo sa bosa]] e tla ama Aforika ka bontsi ka ntlha ya mabaka a le mantsi. Ditlamorago tse di setse di utlwiwa mme di tla oketsega ka bogolo fa go sa tsewe dikgato tsa go fokotsa mesi ya khabone mo lefatsheng lotlhe. Ditlamorago di akaretsa megote e e kwa godimo, komelelo, go fetoga ga mekgwa ya pula, le go fetoga fetoga mo go oketsegileng ga seemo sa bosa. Maemo a a na le tshusumetso mo go direng le go diriseng ga maatla. Komelelo ya sešweng mo [[:en:African_countries|mafatsheng a a mantsi a Aforika]], e e ntseng e golaganngwa le phetogo ya seemo sa bosa, e amile ka tsela e e sa siamang bobedi jwa [[:en:Energy_security|tshireletsego ya maatla]] le kgolo ya itsholelo go ralala karolo e kgolo ya lefatshe e e naleng mafatshe a mantsi mo teng. Aforika e tla nna nngwe ya dikgaolo tse di amiwang thata ke ditlamorago tse di sa siamang tsa phetogo ya seemo sa bosa.<ref name=":37">''[https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/02/WGIIAR5-Chap22_FINAL.pdf Africa. In: Climate change 2014: impacts, adaptation and vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change]'' (PDF). 2014.</ref> Mabaka a go nna mo kotsing ga Aforika a farologane mme a akaretsa maemo a a kwa tlase a bokgoni jwa go tlwaela, go anamisiwa mo go bokoa ga maranyane, le tshedimosetso e e maleba go tshegetsa go tlwaela, le go ikaega thata ka dithulaganyo tsa temothuo go bona matshelo.<ref>Welborn, Lily (2018). ''Africa and climate change: Projecting vulnerability and adaptive capacity''. Institute for Security Studies.</ref> Mafatshe a le mantsi go ralala Aforika a tlhaolwa jaaka [[:en:Least_Developed_Countries|mafatshe a a sa Tlhabologang thata]] (LDCs) tse di nang le maemo a a bokoa a loago le itsholelo, mme ka ntlha ya se di lebagane le dikgwetlho tse di rileng mo go tsibogeleng ditlamorago tsa [[:en:Climate_change|phetogo ya seemo sa bosa.]]<ref>UNDP/GEF (2018). ''[https://www.thegef.org/sites/default/files/publications/CCA-Africa-Final.pdf Climate Change Adaptation in Africa UNDP: Synthesis of Experiences and Recommendations]'' (PDF). UNDP/GEF.</ref> Dikotsi tse di bonalang tse di supilweng mo Aforika mo [[:en:IPCC_Fifth_Assessment_Report|Pegelong ya Tlhatlhobo ya Botlhano]] ya [[:en:Intergovernmental_Panel_on_Climate_Change|IPCC]] di amana le dithulaganyo tsa tikologo, [[:en:Water_resources|go nna teng ga metsi]], le dithulaganyo tsa temothuo, ka ditlamorago mo tshireletsegong ya dijo.<ref name=":37" /> Ka ngwaga wa 2022, batho ba feta sekete di le borataro ba ba arabileng go tswa kwa mafatsheng a le lesome aAforika ba ne ba tsaya karolo mo patlisisong ya seemo sa bosa se se neng sa dirwa ke [[:en:European_Investment_Bank|Banka ya Dipeeletso karolokgolo ya lefatshe se se naleng mafatshe a mantsi sa Europe]].<ref name=":6">"[https://www.eib.org/en/surveys/climate-survey/5th-climate-survey/africa.htm 2022-2023 EIB Climate Survey, part 1 of 2: 88% of respondents believe that climate change is already affecting their everyday life]". ''EIB.org''. Retrieved 28 February 2023.</ref> Patlisiso e fitlhetse gore karolo ya masome a borobabobebdi le borobabobedi ya ba ba arabilweng ba boletse fa phetogo ya seemo sa bosa e utlwisa matshelo a bone botlhoko, fa karolo ya masome a marataro le bongwe mo lekgolong ya ba ba arabilweng ba boletse fa [[:en:Environmental_degradation|tshenyo ya tikologo]] e amile lotseno lwa bone kgotsa motswedi wa matshelo a bone.<ref>[https://www.eib.org/en/press/all/2022-554-eib-climate-survey-88-of-african-respondents-believe-that-climate-change-is-already-affecting-their-everyday-life "EIB Climate Survey: 88% of African respondents believe that climate change is already affecting their everyday life"]. ''European Investment Bank''. Retrieved 28 February 2023.</ref> Ditatlhegelo tse gantsi di bakwa ke [[:en:Drought|komelelo]] e e tseneletseng, go oketsega ga bogodimo jwa lewatle kgotsa [[:en:Coastal_erosion|kgogolego ya mabopo]], kgotsa ditiragalo tse di feteletseng tsa maemo a bosa jaaka [[:en:Flood|merwalela]] kgotsa ditsuatsue.<ref name=":6" /> Go feta sephatlo sa batho ba ba arabilweng ba Aforika (karolo ya masome a matlhano le bosupa mo lekgolong) ba rile bone kgotsa batho ba ba ba itseng ba setse ba tsere dikgato tsa go tlwaela ditlamorago tsa phetogo ya seemo sa bosa. Gareng ga dikgato tse ke dipeeletso mo didirisweng tse di somarelang metsi go fokotsa ditlamorago tsa komelelo le go phepafatsa mesele ya metsi pele ga morwalela.<ref name=":6" /> Karolo ya masome a mararo le bone mo lekgolong ya batho botlhe ba ba arabilweng ba Aforika ba rile phetogo ya seemo sa bosa ke nngwe ya dintlha tse di botlhokwa thata tse di lebaganeng le lefatshe la bona, gareng ga dintlha tse dingwe tsa botlhokwa tse di jaaka [[:en:Inflation|koketsego]] ya ditlhwatlhwa le phitlhelelo ya [[:en:Health_care|tlhokomelo ya boitekanelo]].<ref name=":6" /> === Ditlamorago tsa itsholelo === Afrika e thuthafala ka bonako go feta lefatshe lotlhe ka palogare. Dikarolo tse dikgolo tsa karolokgolo ya lefatshe e e naleng mafatshe a mantsi mo teng di ka nna tsa se ka tsa agiwa ka ntlha ya seo mme palogotlhe ya [[:en:Gross_domestic_product|dikumo tsa selegae tsa Aforika]] (GDP) e ka nna ya fokotsega ka karolo ya bobedi mo lekgolong ka ntlha ya tlhatlogo ya selekanyo sa mogote wa Celcius e le nngwe (1 °C) ya mogote ya palogare ya lefatshe, le ka karolo ya lesome le bobedi mo lekgolong (12%) ka ntlha ya tlhatlogo ya selekanyo sa mogote wa karolo ya Celcius ya bone (4 °C) ya mogote. Dithobo tsa dijalo di solofetswe go fokotsega thata ka ntlha ya go tlhatloga ga mogote mme go solofetswe gore dipula tse di maatla di tla na kgapetsakgapetsa le ka maatla mo Aforika yotlhe, go oketsa kotsi ya merwalela.<ref name=":38">[[:en:Climate_change_in_Africa#CITEREFEuropean_Investment_Bank2022c|European Investment Bank 2022c]].</ref><ref>[https://wmo.int/news/media-centre/climate-change-triggers-mounting-food-insecurity-poverty-and-displacement-africa "Climate change triggers mounting food insecurity, poverty and displacement in Africa]". ''public.wmo.int''. 18 October 2021. Retrieved 26 July 2022.</ref><ref>"[https://www.un.org/africarenewal/magazine/december-2018-march-2019/global-warming-severe-consequences-africa Global warming: severe consequences for Africa]". ''Africa Renewal''. 7 December 2018. Retrieved 26 July 2022.</ref><ref>[https://unfccc.int/news/climate-change-is-an-increasing-threat-to-africa "Climate Change Is an Increasing Threat to Africa]". ''United Nations Climate Change News''. 27 October 2020. Retrieved 26 July 2022.</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, Aforika e latlhegelwa ke madi a a fa gare ga didolara di le didikadike di le supa le didolara di le didikaike di le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga ka ntlha ya phetogo ya seemo sa bosa, mme go lebeletswe gore e tla fitlha go didolara di le didikadike di le masome a matlhano ka ngwaga wa 2030.<ref>Rathi, Akshat; Rao, Mythili (2 May 2024). "[https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-05-02/inside-the-bank-financing-africa-s-green-growth One Bank Is Turning Africa's Climate Vulnerability Into Opportunity]". ''www.bloomberg.com''. Retrieved 11 May 2024.</ref> ==== Temothuo ==== ''Pego e kgolo: [[:en:Effects_of_climate_change_on_agriculture#Africa|Ditlamorago tsa phetogo ya seemo sa bosa mo temothuong § Aforika]]'' Temothuo ke lekalana le le botlhokwa thata mo Aforika, le le nang le seabe mo matshelong le mo itsholelong go ralala karolo e kgolo ya Lefatshe e e naleng mafatshe a mantsi mo teng. Batho ba le bantsi ba ikaegile ka temothuo jaaka tsela ya go ikaga mo itsholelong le motswedi wa dijo. Ba le bantsi ba ikaegile ka metswedi e e bosisi mo seemong sa bosa. Go akanyediwa gore tiro ya dijalo e tlaa fokotsega go ralala Aforika e e kwa Borwa jwa Sahara. Ka palogare, temothuo mo Aforika e e kwa Borwa jwa Sahara e na le seabe sa karolo ya lesome le botlhano mo lekgolong ya GDP yotlhe.<ref name=":7">OECD/FAO (2016). ''[http://www.fao.org/3/a-i5778e.pdf OECD‑FAO Agricultural Outlook 2016‑2025]'' (PDF). OECD Publishing. pp.&#x20;59–61. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-92-64-25323-0|<bdi>978-92-64-25323-0</bdi>.]]</ref> Thutafatshe ya Aforika e dira gore e nne mo kotsing thata ya phetogo ya seemo sa bosa, mme karolo ya masome a supa mo lekgolong ya baagi ba ikaegile ka temothuo e e fepiwang ka pula go itshedisa.<ref>Läderach, Peter; Martinez-Valle, Armando; Bourgoin, Clement; Parker, Louis (27 March 2019). "[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6436735 Vulnerability of the agricultural sector to climate change: The development of a pan-tropical Climate Risk Vulnerability Assessment to inform sub-national decision making"]. ''PLOS ONE''. '''14''' (3) e0213641. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019PLoSO..1413641P 2019PLoSO..1413641P.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0213641|10.1371/journal.pone.0213641.]] [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6436735 6436735]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30917146 30917146].</ref> [[:en:Smallholding|Dipolase tse dinnye]] di dira karolo ya masome a borobabobedi mo lekgolong ya masimo a a lengwang mo Aforika e e kwa Borwa jwa Sahara.<ref name=":7" /> IPCC ka ngwaga wa 2007 e ne ya akanyetsa gore go fetoga ga seemo sa bosa le phetogo go tla tsenya ntshodikuno ya temothuo mo kotsing thata le phitlhelelo ya dijo<ref>Parry, M. L.; et&#x20;al., eds. (2007). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20181102223635/http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg2/en/spmsspm-c.html Summary for Policymakers: C. Current knowledge about future impacts]". ''Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change''. Cambridge University Press. Archived from [http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg2/en/spmsspm-c.html the original] on 2 November 2018. Retrieved 13 December 2023.</ref>:(tsebe ya lesome le boraro) Tekanyetso e e ne ya abelwa "tshepo e e kwa godimo". Dithulaganyo tsa dijalo, leruo le botshwaraditlhapi di tla nna mo kotsing e kgolo ya disenyi le malwetse ka ntlha ya phetogo ya seemo sa bosa ya isago.<ref name=":8">Dhanush, D.; Bett, B. K.; Boone, R. B.; Grace, D.; Kinyangi, J.; Lindahl, J. F.; Mohan, C. V.; Ramírez Villegas, J.; Robinson, T. P.; Rosenstock, T. S.; Smith, J. (2015). [https://web.archive.org/web/20230716201342/https://cgspace.cgiar.org/rest/bitstreams/55241/retrieve "Impact of climate change on African agriculture: focus on pests and diseases]". ''CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security''.</ref> Disenyi tsa dijalo di setse di dira mo e ka nnang bongwe mo borartarong ya ditatlhegelo tsa ntshodikuno ya polase.<ref name=":8" /> Phetogo ya seemo sa bosa e tla itlhaganedisa go anama ga disenyi le malwetse le go oketsa go diragala ga ditiragalo tse di nang le ditlamorago tse di masisi.<ref name=":8" /> Ditlamorago tsa phetogo ya seemo sa boswa mo ntshokunong ya temothuo mo Aforika di tla nna le ditlamorago tse di masisi mo tshireletsegong ya dijo le mo matshelong. Go tlhoka dikotla tse di farologaneng go ne ga baka go palelwa ke go ja dikotla dingwe tse di botlhokwa. Go tlhoka dikotla tse go ka baka tlhaelo ya vitamin A le madi. Se se ne se tlwaelegile thata go bonwa ka dinako tsa komelelo le tlhaelo ya dijo ka gonne ditlhopho di ne di le mmalwa.[citation needed] Magareng ga ngwaga wa 2014 le ngwaga wa 2018, Aforika e ne e na le maemo a a kwa godimo a go tlhoka tshireletsego ya dijo mo lefatsheng.<ref>''[http://www.fao.org/state-of-food-security-nutrition/en/ SOFI 2019 – The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World]''. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2021. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.4060/CB4474EN|10.4060/CB4474EN.]] [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-92-5-134325-8|<bdi>978-92-5-134325-8</bdi>.]] [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:241785130 241785130].</ref> Mabapi le dithulaganyo tsa temothuo, go ikaega thata ka temothuo ya go iphedisa e e fepiwang ke pula le kamogelo e e kwa tlase ya [[:en:Climate_smart_agriculture|mekgwa ya temothuo e e botlhale]] ya seemo sa bosa go na le seabe mo maemong a a kwa godimo a go nna mo kotsing ga lekalana. Seemo se okediwa ke go sa ikanyege ga, le phitlhelelo ya, tshedimosetso ya seemo sa bosa le tshedimosetso go tshegetsa dikgato tsa go tlwaela.<ref>Dinku, Tufa. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221101070648/https://ictupdate.cta.int/en/article/overcoming-challenges-in-the-availability-and-use-of-climate-data-in-africa-sid06fd8a811-e179-4fa5-9c8f-806bd2f27c3e "Overcoming challenges in the availability and use of climate data in Africa]". ''ICT Update CTA''. Archived from [https://ictupdate.cta.int/en/article/overcoming-challenges-in-the-availability-and-use-of-climate-data-in-africa-sid06fd8a811-e179-4fa5-9c8f-806bd2f27c3e the original] on 1 November 2022. Retrieved 13 December 2023.</ref> Dikgoreletsi tse di lemogilweng le tse di akanyediwang mo mekgweng ya pula ka ntlha ya phetogo ya seemo sa bosa di ka nna tsa khutshwafatsa dipaka tsa go gola le go ama thobo ya dijalo mo dikarolong di le dintsi tsa Aforika. Go feta moo, lekalana la temothuo mo Aforika le laolwa ke balemi ba banyennyane ba nang le phihlello e lekanyeditsweng ya maranyane le mehlodi ya go tlwaela.<ref>"[https://www.cropscience.bayer.com/en/stories/2018/supporting-sub-saharan-africas-farmers-closing-the-gap Supporting Sub-Saharan Africa's Farmers – Bayer – Crop Science]". ''www.cropscience.bayer.com''. Retrieved 15 August 2019.</ref> Go fetogafetoga ga seemo sa bosa le phetogo e nnile mme go tswelela go nna motswedi o mogolo wa go fetogafetoga ga tlhagiso ya dijo ya lefatshe go ralala mafatshe a a tlhabologang kwa tlhagiso e ikaegileng thata ka pula.<ref>Thornton, Philip K; Ericksen, Polly J; Herrero, Mario; Challinor, Andrew J (November 2014). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4258067 "Climate variability and vulnerability to climate change: a review"]. ''Global Change Biology''. '''20''' (11): 3313–3328. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014GCBio..20.3313T 2014GCBio..20.3313T.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1111/gcb.12581|10.1111/gcb.12581.]] [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4258067 4258067]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24668802 24668802].</ref><ref>HU, Tongxi; Zhang, Xuesong; Khanal, Sami; Wilson, Robyn; Leng, Guoyong; Toman, Elizabeth; Wang, Xuhui; Zhao, Kaiguang (19 June 2024). "[https://bpb-us-w2.wpmucdn.com/u.osu.edu/dist/7/24705/files/2024/09/review-climate-impact-crop-yield-machine-learning.pdf Climate change impacts on crop yields: A review of empirical findings, statistical crop models, and machine learning methods"] (PDF). ''Environmental Modelling & Software''. '''179''' (106119) 106119. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024EnvMS.17906119H 2024EnvMS.17906119H]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envsoft.2024.106119|10.1016/j.envsoft.2024.106119.]]</ref>Lekalana la temothuo le bosisi mo go fetogeng ga seemo sa bosa,<ref>Sabiiti, Geoffrey; Ininda, Joseph Mwalichi; [[:en:Ogallo_Laban|Ogallo, Laban]]; Opijah, Franklin; Nimusiima, Alex; Otieno, George; Ddumba, Saul Daniel; Nanteza, Jamiat; Basalirwa, Charles (2016). [https://jeas.agropublishers.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/JEAS-7-1.pdf "Nanteza and C. Basalirwa. 2016. Empirical relationship between banana yields and climate variability over Uganda"] (PDF). ''Journal of Environmental & Agricultural Sciences''. '''7''': 3–13.</ref> bogolosegolo go fetoga ga pula mo magareng ga dingwaga, mekgwa ya mogote, le ditiragalo tse di feteletseng tsa maemo a bosa (dikomelelo le merwalela). Ditiragalo tse tsa seemo sa bosa di bonelwa kwa pele go oketsega mo isagong mme di solofetswe go nna le ditlamorago tse di bonalang mo lephateng la temothuo.<ref name=":39">Sabiiti, Geoffrey; Ininda, Joseph Mwalichi; Ogallo, Laban Ayieko; Ouma, Jully; Artan, Guleid; Basalirwa, Charles; Opijah, Franklin; Nimusiima, Alex; Ddumba, Saul Daniel; Mwesigwa, Jasper Batureine; Otieno, George; Nanteza, Jamiat (2018). "Adapting Agriculture to Climate Change: Suitability of Banana Crop Production to Future Climate Change over Uganda". ''Limits to Climate Change Adaptation''. Climate Change Management. pp.&#x20;175–190. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/978-3-319-64599-5_10|10.1007/978-3-319-64599-5_10.]] [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-3-319-64598-8|<bdi>978-3-319-64598-8</bdi>.]]</ref> Se se tla nna le tlhotlheletso e e sa siamang mo ditlhwatlhweng tsa dijo, pabalesego ya dijo, le ditshwetso tsa tiriso ya lefatshe.<ref>"A1 – 1 Sustainability, food security and climate change: three intertwined challenges". ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20190601030918/http://www.fao.org/climate-smart-agriculture-sourcebook/concept/module-a1-introducing-csa/chapter-a1-1/en Climate-Smart Agriculture Sourcebook]''. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Retrieved 15 August 2019.</ref> Dithobo go tswa mo [[:en:Rainfed_agriculture|temothuong e e nosiwang ke pula]] mo mafatsheng a mangwe a Aforika di ka fokodiwa ka go fitlha karolong ya masome a matlhano mo lekgolong ka ngwaga wa 2020.<ref name=":39" /> Go thibela ditlamorago tse di senyang tsa isago tsa go fetoga ga seemo sa bosa mo tlhagisong ya dijo, go botlhokwa go baakanya kgotsa go tshitshinya melawana e e kgonegang go samagana le go fetoga ga seemo sa bosa mo go oketsegileng. Mafatshe a Aforika a tlhoka go aga letlhomeso la semolao la bosetšhaba go laola metswedi ya dijo go ya ka go fetogafetoga ga seemo sa bosa mo go solofetsweng. Le fa go ntse jalo, pele ga go tlhama melawana ya go samagana le ditlamorago tsa go fetoga ga seemo sa bosa, bogolosegolo mo lephateng la temothuo, go botlhokwa go nna le tlhaloganyo e e tlhamaletseng ya gore go fetoga ga seemo sa bosa go ama jang dijalo tse di farologaneng tsa dijo.<ref>Shah, Hassnain; Hellegers, Petra; Siderius, Christian (1 January 2021). [[doi:10.1016/j.crm.2021.100378|"Climate risk to agriculture: A synthesis to define different types of critical moments"]]. ''Climate Risk Management''. '''34''' 100378. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2021CliRM..3400378S 2021CliRM..3400378S]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.crm.2021.100378|10.1016/j.crm.2021.100378]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2212-0963 2212-0963].</ref> Se se maleba thata ka ngwaga wa 2020 ka ntlha ya tlhaselo e e masisi ya di [[:en:Locust|Tsie]] e e amang temothuo botlhaba jwa Aforika ka tsela e e sa siamang.<ref name=":40">Rosane, Olivia (27 January 2020). [https://www.ecowatch.com/locust-swarm-east-africa-2644928358.html "Worst Locust Swarm to Hit East Africa in Decades Linked to Climate Crisis"]. Ecowatch. Retrieved 6 February 2020.</ref> Tlhaselo e ne e amana le phetogo ya seemo sa bosa– mogote o o bothitho le pula e e bokete e e bakileng koketsego e e sa tlwaelegang ya palo ya tsie.<ref name=":40" /> Kwa Botlhaba jwa Aforika , phetogo ya seemo sa bosa e solofetswe go gakatsa makgetlo le bogale jwa komelelo le merwalela, e e ka nnang le ditlamorago tse di sa siamang mo lephateng la temothuo. Phetogo ya seemo sa bosa e tla nna le ditlamorago tse di farologaneng mo ntshokunong ya temothuo mo Aforika Botlhaba. Dipatlisiso go tswa kwa [[:en:International_Food_Policy_Research_Institute|Setheong sa Boditšhabatšhaba sa Patlisiso ya]] [[:en:International_Food_Policy_Research_Institute|Melawana ya Dijo]] (IFPRI) di tshitshinya koketsego ya thobo ya mmidi mo bontsing jwa Aforika Botlhaba, fela ditatlhegelo tsa thobo mo dikarolong tsa Ethiopia, [[:en:Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo|Rephaboliki ya]] [[:en:Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo|batho ka batho ya Congo]] (DRC), Tanzania le bokone jwa Uganda.<ref>"[http://www.ifpri.org/publication/east-african-agriculture-and-climate-change-comprehensive-analysis East African agriculture and climate change: A comprehensive analysis]". ''[[:en:International_Food_Policy_Research_Institute|International Food Policy Research Institute]] (IFPRI)''. 2013. Retrieved 21 September 2019.</ref> Diponelopele tsa phetogo ya seemo sa bosa le tsone di solofetswe go fokotsa bokgoni jwa lefatshe le le lemilweng go ntsha dijalo tsa bontsi le boleng jo bo kwa godimo.<ref>Kurukulasuriya, P.; Mendelsohn, R. (25 September 2008). ''[http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2008/09/11/000158349_20080911163038/Rendered/PDF/WPS4717.pdf How Will Climate Change Shift Agro-Ecological Zones And Impact African Agriculture?]'' (PDF). Policy Research Working Papers. The World Bank. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1596/1813-9450-4717|10.1596/1813-9450-4717]]. [[:en:Hdl_(identifier)|hdl]]:[[hdl:10986/6994|10986/6994]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:129416028 129416028].</ref> [[:en:Climate_change_in_Kenya|Phetogo ya seemo sa bosa kwa Kenya]] e solofetswe go nna le ditlamorago tse dikgolo mo lephateng la temothuo, le le fepiwang thata ke pula mme ka jalo le le mo kotsing e kgolo ya diphetogo tsa megote le mekgwa ya pula, le ditiragalo tse di feteletseng tsa maemo a bosa.<ref name=":41">Ministry of Environment and Forestry. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20220402131336/http://www.environment.go.ke/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/NCCAP-2018-2022-v2.pdf National Climate Change Action Plan (NCCAP) 2018–2022. Volume I]" (PDF). Archived from [http://www.environment.go.ke/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/NCCAP-2018-2022-v2.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2 April 2022. Retrieved 13 December 2023.</ref> Ditlamorago di ka nna tsa bonala thata mo mafatsheng a a omileng le a a omeletseng go sekae (di-ASAL) moo ntshodikuno ya leruo e leng tiro ya botlhokwa ya itsholelo le ya matshelo. Mo di-ASAL, go feta karolo ya masome a supa mo lekgolong ya dintsho tsa leruo ke ditlamorago tsa komelelo.<ref name=":41" /> Mo dingwageng di le lesome tse di latelang,[leng?] karolo ya masome a mtlhano le bobedi ya palo ya dikgomo tsa ASAL di mo kotsing ya go latlhegelwa ka ntlha ya kgatelelo e e feteletseng ya megote.<ref>Kenya Markets Trust (2019). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20230216210136/https://www.kenyamarkets.org/contextualising-pathways-to-resilience-in-kenyas-asals-under-the-big-four-agenda/ Contextualising Pathways to Resilience in Kenya's ASALs under the Big Four Agenda]". Archived from [https://www.kenyamarkets.org/contextualising-pathways-to-resilience-in-kenyas-asals-under-the-big-four-agenda/ the original] on 16 February 2023. Retrieved 13 December 2023.</ref> Phetogo ya seemo sa bosa e tla gakatsa go nna mo kotsing ga lekala la temothuo mo mafatsheng a le mantsi tsa Borwa jwa Aforika tse di setseng di lekanyeditswe ke mafaratlhatlha a a bokoa le go diega ga ditsenngwateng tsa maranyane le boitshimololedi.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20220728201021/https://www.climatelinks.org/sites/default/files/asset/document/2016%20CRM%20Fact%20Sheet%20-%20Southern%20Africa.pdf Fact sheet]" (PDF). ''www.climatelinks.org''. Retrieved 12 July 2020.</ref> Mmidi o dira mo e ka nnang sephatlo sa lefatshe le le lengwang mo Borwa jwa Aforika, mme ka fa tlase ga phetogo ya seemo sa bosa sa isago, thobo e ka fokotsega ka karolo ya masome a mararo mo lekgolong.<ref>[http://www.ifpri.org/publication/overview-southern-african-agriculture-and-climate-change "Overview &#x5B;in Southern African Agriculture and Climate Change&#x5D;]". ''www.ifpri.org''. Retrieved 8 August 2019.</ref> Megote e e oketsegang gape di rotloetsa go anama ga mefero le disenyi.<ref>Hachigonta, Sepo; Nelson, Gerald C.; Thomas, Timothy S.; Sibanda, Lindiwe Majele (2013). "Overview". ''[https://cdm15738.contentdm.oclc.org/utils/getfile/collection/p15738coll2/id/127787/filename/127998.pdf Southern African Agriculture and Climate Change: A Comprehensive Analysis]'' (PDF). International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). pp.&#x20;1–24. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]][[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-89629-208-6|&#x20;<bdi>978-0-89629-208-6</bdi>]].</ref> Phetogo ya seemo sa bosa e tla ama thata temothuo mo Bophirima jwa Aforika ka go oketsa pharologano mo tlhagisong ya dijo, phitlhelelo le go nna teng ga dijo.<ref>Brown, Molly E.; Hintermann, B.; Higgins, N. (January 2009). "[https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20090027893.pdf Markets, Climate Change and Food Security in West Africa"] (PDF). ''Environmental Science & Technology''. '''43''' (21): 8016–8020. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009EnST...43.8016B 2009EnST...43.8016B.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1021/es901162d|10.1021/es901162d]]. [[:en:Hdl_(identifier)|hdl]]:[[hdl:2060/20090027893|2060/20090027893]]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19924916 19924916]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:9412710 9412710].</ref> Pula e e kwa godimo, dipaka tsa komelelo tse di tsayang nako e telele le megote e e kwa godimo di solofetswe go ama ka tsela e e sa siamang ntshodikuno ya manioko, mmidi le dinawa mo Aforika Bogare.<ref name=":42">"[https://web.archive.org/web/20200728153008/https://www.climatelinks.org/file/4614/download?token=rlgPz1eX Climate Risks in the Central Africa Regional Program for the Environment (CARPE) and Congo Basin]". ''Climatelinks''. Archived from [https://www.climatelinks.org/file/4614/download?token=rlgPz1eX the original] on 28 July 2020. Retrieved 13 December 2023.</ref> Morwalela le kgogolego di solofetswe go senya mafaratlhatlha a dipalangwa a a setseng a lekanyeditswe mo kgaolong e e tla lebisang kwa ditatlhegelong tsa morago ga thobo.<ref name=":42" /> Thomelontle ya dijalo tsa itsholelo jaaka kofi le cocoa e a oketsega mo kgaolong mme dijalo tse di mo kotsing e kgolo ya phetogo ya seemo sa bosa.<ref name=":42" /> Dikgotlhang le go sa tlhomamang ga sepolotiki di nnile le tshusumetso mo seabeng sa temothuo mo GDP ya kgaolo mme tshusumetso e e tla gakadiwa ke dikotsi tsa seemo sa bosa.<ref>[https://www.un.org/en/africa/osaa/pdf/pubs/2013africanagricultures.pdf "Agriculture in Africa"] (PDF). ''United Nations''. 2013.</ref> Palogotlhe ya dikuno tsa selegae tsa Aforika (GDP) e ka nna ya fokotsega ka karolo ya bobedi mo lekgolong ka ntlha ya tlhatlogo ya selekanyo sa mogote sa Celcius e le nngwe (1 °C) ya mogote ya palogare ya lefatshe, le ka karolo ya lesome le bobedi mo lekgolong ka ntlha ya tlhatlogo ya selekanyo sa mogote sa Celcius sa bone (4 °C) ya mogote. [[:en:Crop_yield|Dithobo tsa dijalo]] di solofetswe go fokotsega thata ka ntlha ya megote tse di tlhatlogang le koketsego ya kgonagalo ya komelelo go ralala karolo ya . Mo godimo ga moo, go solofetswe gore dipula tse di maatla di tla na kgapetsakgapetsa le ka maatla mo Aforika yotlhe, mme seno se tla oketsa kotsi ya [[:en:Flood|merwalela]].<ref name=":38" /><ref>[https://wmo.int/news/media-centre/climate-change-triggers-mounting-food-insecurity-poverty-and-displacement-africa "Climate change triggers mounting food insecurity, poverty and displacement in Africa]". ''public.wmo.int''. 18 October 2021. Retrieved 26 July 2022.</ref><ref>[https://www.un.org/africarenewal/magazine/december-2018-march-2019/global-warming-severe-consequences-africa "Global warming: severe consequences for Africa]". ''Africa Renewal''. 7 December 2018. Retrieved 26 July 2022.</ref><ref>[https://unfccc.int/news/climate-change-is-an-increasing-threat-to-africa "Climate Change Is an Increasing Threat to Africa]". ''unfccc.int''. Retrieved 26 July 2022.</ref> === Maatla === [[Setshwantsho:M-Power solar in Tanzania (1080).jpg|thumb|Dipone tsa letsatsi le motlakase di tsentswe mo lapeng la mosadi mongwe wa kwa Tanzania.]] Ka palo ya batho e e oketsegang le tlhokego e e tsamaelanang ya maatla, tshireletsego ya maatla e tshwanetse go rarabololwa ka gonne maatla a botlhokwa mo tlhabololong e e tswelelang. Phetogo ya seemo sa bosa e amile makalana a maatla mo Aforika jaaka fa mafatshe a le mantsi a ikaegile ka tlhagiso ya maatla a metsi. Go fokotsega ga maemo a pula le komelelo go dirile gore maemo a metsi a nne kwa tlase mo matamong a a nang le ditlamorago tse di sa siamang mo go tlhagiseng maatla a metsi. Se se dirile gore go nne le tlhagiso e e kwa tlase ya maatla a motlakase, ditshenyegelo tse di kwa godimo tsa motlakase le go kgaoga ga motlakase kgotsa go kgaoga ga motlakase mo mafatsheng a mangwe a Aforika a a ikaegileng ka tlhagiso ya motlakase o o dirisiwang ka metsi. Dikgoreletsi tsa go dira maatla a metsi di amile makala a a farologaneng mo mafatsheng jaaka [[:en:Ghana|Ghana]], [[:en:Uganda|Uganda]], [[:en:Kenya|Kenya]] le [[:en:Tanzania|Tanzania]] ka tsela e e sa siamang. == Tlhaelo ya metsi == [[Setshwantsho:Water Shortage in Ethiopia (935).jpg|thumb|Tlhaelo ya metsi kwa lefatsheng la Ethiiopia]] Boleng le go nna teng ga metsi go senyegile mo mafelong a le mantsi a Aforika, bogolosegolo ka ntlha ya phetogo ya seemo sa bosa.<ref>Rankoana, Sejabaledi Agnes (1 January 2020). [[doi:10.1108/IJCCSM-04-2020-0033|"Climate change impacts on water resources in a rural community in Limpopo province, South Africa: a community-based adaptation to water insecurity"]]. ''International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management''. '''12''' (5): 587–598. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2020IJCCS..12..587R 2020IJCCS..12..587R.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1108/IJCCSM-04-2020-0033|10.1108/IJCCSM-04-2020-0033]].</ref> Metswedi ya metsi e mo kotsing mme e na le kgonagalo ya go amiwa thata ke phetogo ya seemo sa bosa ka ditlamorago tse dikgolo mo merafeng ya batho.<ref>[https://www.ipcc.ch/publication/climate-change-and-water-2/ "Climate Change and Water — IPCC]". Retrieved 8 August 2019.</ref> IPCC e bonelapele gore didikadike tsa batho mo Aforika di tla nna di lebane le kgatelelo e e oketsegileng ya metsi ka ntlha ya go fetoga ga seemo sa bosa le phetogo ([[:en:IPCC_Fifth_Assessment_Report|IPCC ngwaga wa 2013]]). Diphetogo mo mekgweng ya pula di ama ka tlhamalalo [[:en:Surface_runoff|go elela ga metsi mo godimo ga lefatshe]] le go nna teng ga metsi.<ref>Fowler, H. J.; Blenkinsop, S.; Tebaldi, C. (October 2007). "Linking climate change modelling to impacts studies: recent advances in downscaling techniques for hydrological modelling". ''International Journal of Climatology''. 27 (12): 1547–1578. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007IJCli..27.1547F 2007IJCli..27.1547F.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Water_Shortage_in_Ethiopia_%28935%29.jpg/500px-Water_Shortage_in_Ethiopia_%28935%29.jpg 10.1002/joc.1556]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:53472608 53472608].</ref> Phetogo ya seemo sa bosa e ka gakatsa gape mafelo a a nang le kgatelelo ya metsi go ralala Aforika – sekai, lefelo la Rufiji kwa Tanzania<ref>Conway, Declan; Geressu, Robel; Harou, Julien; Kashaigili, Japhet; Pettinotti, L.; Siderius, Christian (2019). [https://futureclimateafrica.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/tanzania_rufiji_river_basin_brief.pdf "Designing a process for assessing climate resilience in Tanzania's Rufiji basin]" (PDF). ''FCFA Country Brief''.</ref> – ka ntlha ya tiriso e e farologaneng ya lefatshe, le dikgwetlho tse di raraaneng tsa loago le sepolotiki. Phetogo ya seemo sa bosa mo karolokgolong ya lefasthe e e naleng mafatshe a a mantsi mo teng ya Aforika e fetotse thata modikologo wa metsi kgotsa wa metsi wa Aforika ka go dira gore pula e se ka ya tlhomama, go oketsa bogale jwa merwalela le komelelo, go fokotsa go ikanyega ga metsi a a kwa godimo le a a fa fatshe le gape go itlhaganedisa seelo sa mowafalo. Diphetogo tse tsa seemo sa bosa di dirile gore go nne le metsi a a dirisiwang mo gae le mo temothuong, go dira maatla ka bontsi jwa dinaga mo Aforika di dira maatla a tsona go tswa mo metsing le gape go tswelela ga thulaganyo ya tikologo mo Aforika.<ref name=":11">Isaacman, Allen; Musemwa, Muchaparara (1 October 2021). "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/355000708_Water_Security_in_Africa_in_the_Age_of_Global_Climate_Change Water Security in Africa in the Age of Global Climate Change]". ''Daedalus''. '''150''': 7–26. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1162/daed_e_01870|10.1162/daed_e_01870]] &#x2013; via ResearchGate.</ref><ref>[https://archive.uneca.org/sites/default/files/PublicationFiles/policy_brief_4_climate_change_and_water_in_africa_challenges_opportunities_and_recommendations.pdfhttps://archive.uneca.org/sites/default/files/PublicationFiles/policy_brief_4_climate_change_and_water_in_africa_challenges_opportunities_and_recommendations.pdf https://archive.uneca.org/sites/default/files/PublicationFiles/policy_brief_4_climate_change_and_water_in_africa_challenges_opportunities_and_recommendations.pdf]. <nowiki>{{cite book}}</nowiki>: Missing or empty |title= (help)</ref><ref>"[https://www.worldbank.org/en/programs/transboundary-waters/news News]". ''World Bank''. Retrieved 12 June 2026.</ref> === Matshosetsi a Botlhokwa a seemo sa bosa mo Tshireletsegong ya Metsi mo Aforika === * Pula e e sa tlhomamang: Mokgwa wa pula e e sa tlhomamang kgotsa e e sa bonelwang pele mo Aforika o nyatsa kgotsa o tsenya mo kotsing kungo ya ya dijalo le go itlhaganedisa go fokotsega ga metswedi ya metsi a ka fa tlase ga lefatshe. Bontsi jwa batho (Balemirui) mo karolong nngwe ya Aforika, ka tlwaelo ba ikaegile ka dipaka tsa dipula tse di bonelwang pele go jala dijalo tsa bona. Mo ntlheng e fa pula e nna e e sa tlhomamang, e ka diegisa pula kgotsa ya na ditsuatsue tse di maatla tse di ka amang balemirui mo go lemeng dijalo.<ref>[https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/opag-2021-0042/html?srsltid=AfmBOorEOnBGaZqgX15b1hSPcNAUiOvu0wK5fm8cclJLF5EMswne2RxW "Climate change stressors affecting household food security among Kimandi-Wanyaga smallholder farmers in Murang'a County, Kenya".]</ref> * Ditiragalo tsa Maemo a Bosa a a Feteletseng: Phetogo ya seemo sa bosa mo Aforika e e golaganeng le maemo a bosa a a feteletseng e ntse e tlwaelega ka iketlo go ralala karolokgolo ya lefatshe e e naleng mafatshe a a mantsi mo teng. Dipaka tse di telele tsa komelelo di isa kwa tlhaelong ya metsi, fa pula e e maatla le merwalela di senya dithoto le go oketsa go anama ga malwetse a a tshelanwang ke metsi kgotsa a a amanang le ona. * Dikgotlhang tsa Kgabaganyo ya Melelwane: phetogo ya seemo sa bosa e ka fokotsa go nna teng ga metsi mo mekgatsheng e e abelanwang. Tlhaelo ya metsi e ka baka gore mafatshe a a ikaegileng ka motswedi o le mongwe wa metsi di ka gaisana ka taolo le phitlhelelo e e ka felelang ka tsitsipano. Ka sekai, fa go akanyediwa Volta Basin, mafatshe a le mmalwa a Bophirima jwa Afrika di abelana Volta Basin. Fa lefatshe le ngwe le ka aga letamo kgotsa la goga metsi a mantsi, mafatshe a dingwe a a nang le metsi a a tshwanang a ka nna amogela metsi a mannye go baka go sa dumalane. Noka ya Nile gape e abelanwa ke mafatshe a a mantsi.<ref name=":11" /> === Ditlamorago tsa boitekanelo === ''Tshedimosetso e e oketsegileng: [[:en:Effects_of_climate_change_on_human_health|Ditlamorago tsa phetogo ya]] [[:en:Effects_of_climate_change_on_human_health|seemo sa bosa mo boitekanelong jwa batho]]'' Mafatshe a Aforika a na le ditsamaiso tsa boitekanelo jwa setšhaba tse di sa direng sentle mo lefatsheng.<ref name=":12">World Health Organization. (2014). ''The health of the people: what works: the African Regional Health Report 2014''. World Health Organization.</ref> Merwalo ya malwetse a a tshelanwang jaaka [[:en:Malaria|malaria]], [[:en:Malaria|schistosomiasis]], [[:en:Dengue_fever|dengue fever]], [[:en:Meningitis|meningitis]], tse di bosisi mo ditlamoragong tsa seemo sa bosa, di kwa godimo thata mo kgaolong ya Aforika e e kwa borwa jwa Sahara. Ka sekai, karolo ya masome a borobabongwe mo lekgolong tsa dikgetsi tsa [[:en:Malaria|malaria]] tsa lefatshe lotlhe tsa ngwaga le ngwaga di mo Afrika.<ref name=":12" /> Diphetogo tsa seemo sa bosa di tla ama go anama ga ditshwaetso tsa malwetsi a a tshelanwang mmogo le go fetola tshekamelo ya batho mo ditshwaetsong tseo. Go ya ka Pegelo ya Tshekatsheko ya Borataro ya IPCC, phetogo ya seemo sa bosa e kotsi thata mo boitekanelong jwa didikadike di le masomesome tsa Maaforika, ka gonne e ba tsenya mo megoteng e e sa siamang, maemo a tepo loapi a a feteletseng, le selekanyo se se oketsegileng le seelo sa phetiso ya malwetse a a tshelanwang.<ref>"Chapter 9:Africa". [https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGII_FinalDraft_Chapter09.pdf ''IPCC WGII Sixth Assessment Report'' (PDF)] (Final Draft).</ref> Phetogo ya seemo sa bosa , le go felela ka megote e e oketsegileng, ditsuatsue, komelelo, le go tlhatloga ga bogodimo jwa lewatle, di tla ama go tlhagelela le go anama ga malwetse a a tshelanwang go ralala lefatshe.<ref>Beard, C. B.; Eisen, R. J.; Barker, C. M.; Garofalo, J. F.; Hahn, M.; Hayden, M.; Schramm, P. J. (2016). [https://web.archive.org/web/20160607130925/https://health2016.globalchange.gov/vectorborne-diseases "Vector-Borne Diseases]". Retrieved 15 February 2017.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2021, [[:en:World_Food_Programme|Lenaneo la Lefatshe Lotlhe la Dijo]] ([[:en:World_Food_Programme|World Food Programme)]] (WFP) le ne la pega mathata a a tswelelang pele a dijo kwa borwa jwa Madagascar molato wa gore a bakilwe fela ke phetogo ya seemo sa bosa e seng ke ntwa kgotsa dikgotlhang. Go ne ga itsisiwe gore ke tlala ya ntlha e e bakilweng ke phetogo ya seemo sa bosa.<ref>Baker, Aryn (20 July 2021). [https://web.archive.org/web/20210723003745/https://time.com/6081919/famine-climate-change-madagascar/ "Climate, Not Conflict. Madagascar's Famine is the First in Modern History to be Solely Caused by Global Warming"]. ''Time''. Retrieved 24 July 2021.</ref><ref>Rodrigues, Charlene (22 July 2021). [https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/madagascar-famine-climate-crisis-b1888058.html "Madagascar famine becomes first in history to be caused solely by climate crisis"]. ''The Independent''. Retrieved 24 July 2021.</ref><ref>Harding, Andrew (24 August 2021). "[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-58303792 Madagascar on the brink of climate change-induced famine]". ''BBC News''. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> === Malaria === ''Pego ya konokono: [[:en:Climate_change_and_infectious_diseases#Malaria|Phetogo ya seemo sa bosa le malwetse a a tshelanwang § Malaria]]'' Mo Afrika [[:en:Malaria|malaria]] e tswelela pele go nna le ditlamorago tse di gakgamatsang mo bathong. Jaaka fa phetogo ya seemo sa bosa e tswelela, mafelo a a rileng a a ka nnang le phetiso ya malaria ngwaga otlhe, e e mo kotsing e kgolo a tla suta go tswa kwa lebopong la Bophirima jwa Aforika go ya kwa lefelong le le fa gare ga lefatshe la [[:en:Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo|Democratic Republic of Congo]] le [[:en:Uganda|Uganda]], le le bidiwang Dithaba tsa Aforika.<ref name=":13">Ryan, Sadie J.; McNally, Amy; Johnson, Leah R.; Mordecai, Erin A.; Ben-Horin, Tal; Paaijmans, Krijn; Lafferty, Kevin D. (2015). "[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4700390 Mapping Physiological Suitability Limits for Malaria in Africa Under Climate Change]". ''Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases''. '''15''' (12): 718–725. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015VBZD...15..718R 2015VBZD...15..718R.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1089/vbz.2015.1822|10.1089/vbz.2015.1822]]. PMC&#x20;4700390. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26579951 26579951].</ref> Dikgoreletsi tsa saense fa go sekasekwa dikelo tsa phetiso ya malaria tse di fetogang kwa Dithabeng tsa Aforika di tshwana le tse di amanang le go tlhaloganya ka bophara phetogo ya seemo sa bosa le malaria. Le fa go dira sekao ka diphetogo tsa mogote go bontsha gore go na le kamano magareng ga koketsego ya mogote le koketsego ya phetiso ya malaria, ditekanyetso di santse di le teng. Diphetogo tsa isago tsa baagi tse di amang [[:en:Population_density|kitlano ya baagi]], mmogo le diphetogo mo boitshwarong jwa menang, di ka ama dikelo tsa phetiso mme ke dintlha tse di lekanyetsang mo go tlhomamiseng kotsi ya isago ya go runya ga malaria, tse gape di amang thulaganyo ya paakanyetso e e siameng ya tsibogelo ya go runya.<ref name=":13" /> Mabapi le dikelo tsa phetiso ya malaria kwa Dithabeng tsa Aforika, mabaka le go tlhagelela go go bakwang ke diphetogo tse di masisi tsa tikologo jaaka seemo sa bosa tse di bothitho, diphetogo tsa maemo a bosa, le koketsego ya ditlamorago tsa batho jaaka go [[:en:Deforestation|rengwa ga dikgwa]], di tlamela ka maemo a a maleba a phetiso ya malaria magareng ga morwadi le moamogedi.<ref>Himeidan YE, Kweka EJ (2012). "[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3429085 Malaria in East African highlands during the past 30 years: impact of environmental changes]". ''Frontiers in Physiology''. '''3''': 315. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.3389/fphys.2012.00315|10.3389/fphys.2012.00315.]] [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3429085 3429085]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22934065 22934065].</ref> Ka tlhamalalo, malaria e bakwa ke dinwanamadi tsa ''Plasmodium falciparum'' le ''Plasmodium vivax'' tse di rwalwang ke monang wa ''Anopheles'' o o rwalang malaria. Le fa dinwa madi ya ''Plasmodium vivax'' e ka kgona go tshela mo megoteng e e kwa tlase, senwa madi sa ''Plasmodium falciparum'' se tla tshela fela le go ipoeletsa mo monang fa megote ya seemo sa bosa e le kwa godimo ga selekanyo sa mogote sa Celcius sa masome a mabdei (20 °C).<ref>[https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/about/distribution.html "Where Malaria Occurs]". ''Center for Disease Control and Prevention''. 14 November 2018. Retrieved 27 February 2020.</ref> Koketsego ya bongola le pula le yone e na le seabe mo go ipoeletseng le go tshela ga ditshwaetso bolwetsi tse di tshelanwang .<ref name=":14">[https://scied.ucar.edu/longcontent/climate-change-and-vector-borne-disease "Climate Change and Vector-Borne Disease"]. ''Center for Science Education''. 2011. Retrieved 27 February 2020.</ref> Go tlhagelela mo bolwetsi jwa malaria go tla nna kotsi e kgolo mo bathong fa palo ya menang ya ''Anopheles'' e e namagadi e e tshwaeditsweng ke setshedi se se tshelang ka go gobatsa sa ''Plasmodium falciparum'' kgotsa ''Plasmodium vivax'' e ntse e oketsega.<ref name=":14" /> Dithutopatlisiso di bontsha koketsego ka kakaretso ya go tshwanelega ga tlelaemete ya phetiso ya malaria e e felelang ka koketsego ya baagi ba ba mo kotsing ya go tsenwa ke bolwetse jono.<ref>Caminade C, Kovats S, Rocklov J, Tompkins AM, Morse AP, Colón-González FJ, et&#x20;al. (March 2014). "[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3948226 Impact of climate change on global malaria distribution"]. ''Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America''. '''111''' (9): 3286–3291. Bibcode:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014PNAS..111.3286C 2014PNAS..111.3286C]. doi:[[doi:10.1073/pnas.1302089111|10.1073/pnas.1302089111]]. [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3948226 3948226]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24596427 24596427].</ref> Se se botlhokwa thata ke koketsego ya kgonagalo ya leroborobo kwa bogodimong jo bo kwa godimo (jaaka Dithaba tsa Aforika). Megote e e tlhatlogang mo mafelong a di na le bokgoni jwa go fetola mafelo a ka tlwaelo a senang malaria go nna mafelo a a nang le malwetse a leroborobo a dipaka.<ref>Martens WJ, Niessen LW, Rotmans J, Jetten TH, McMichael AJ (May 1995). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1523278 "Potential impact of global climate change on malaria risk]". ''Environmental Health Perspectives''. '''103''' (5): 458–64. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1995EnvHP.103..458M 1995EnvHP.103..458M.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1289/ehp.95103458|10.1289/ehp.95103458.]] [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1523278 1523278]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7656875 7656875].</ref> Ka ntlha ya moo, dipalopalo tse dišwa di tla tlhagelela mo bolwetseng jo bo tla felelang ka dingwaga tse di itekanetseng tse di latlhegileng. Mo godimo ga moo, morwalo wa bolwetse o ka nna kotsi thata mo mafelong a a tlhokang bokgoni le didirisiwa tsa go tsibogela dikgwetlho le dikgatelelo tse di ntseng jalo ka katlego.<ref>Wu X, Lu Y, Zhou S, Chen L, Xu B (January 2016). "[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2015.09.007|Impact of climate change on human infectious diseases: Empirical evidence and human adaptation"]]. ''Environment International''. '''86''': 14–23. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016EnInt..86...14W 2016EnInt..86...14W]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.envint.2015.09.007|10.1016/j.envint.2015.09.007]]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26479830 26479830].</ref> Jaaka fa phetogo ya seemo sa bosa e sutisetsa mafelo a thutafatshe a phetiso go ya kwa Dithabeng tsa Aforika, kgwetlho e tla nna go batla le go laola mogare mo mafelong a a iseng a o bone pele.<ref>Tanser FC, Sharp B, le Sueur D (November 2003). [https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/24378625 "Potential effect of climate change on malaria transmission in Africa]". ''Lancet''. '''362''' (9398): 1792–8. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14898-2|10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14898-2]]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14654317 14654317]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:22850163 22850163].</ref> === Ditlamorago mo dikgotlhang le khudugo === [[:en:United_Nations_Environment_Programme|Lenaneo la Tikologo la Ditšhabakopano]] le dirile tshekatsheko ya tikologo ya morago ga [[:en:War|ntwa]] ya [[:en:Sudan|Sudan]] ka ngwaga wa 2007.<ref>UNEP (June 2007), ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304003632/http://postconflict.unep.ch/publications/sudan/00_fwd.pdf Sudan Post-Conflict Environmental Assessment]'' (PDF), Nairobi, Kenya: UNEP, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-92-807-2702-9|978-92-807-2702-9]]</bdi>, archived from [http://postconflict.unep.ch/publications/sudan/00_fwd.pdf the original] (PDF) on 4 March 2016, retrieved 18 January 2022</ref> Go ya ka pegelo e, dikgatelelo tsa tikologo kwa Sudan di amana le dikgang tse dingwe tsa loago, tsa itsholelo le tsa sepolotiki, tse di jaaka [[:en:Refugee|go fuduga ga batho]] le go gaisana ka [[:en:Natural_resource|ditsompelo tsa tlholego]]. Phetogo ya seemo sa bosa ya kgaolo, ka go fokotsega ga [[:en:Precipitation_(meteorology)|pula]], go ne go akanngwa gore e nnile nngwe ya dintlha tse di nnileng le seabe mo [[:en:War_in_Darfur|kgotlhang kwa Darfur]]. Ga mmogo le [[:en:Environmental_issues|dikgang dingwe tsa tikologo]], phetogo ya seemo sa bosa e ka ama tlhabololo ya nako e tlang ya Sudan mo go sa nnang sentle. Nngwe ya dikgakololo tse di dirilweng ke UNEP e ne e le gore baagi ba boditšhabatšhaba ba thuse Sudan go [[:en:Climate_change_adaptation|tlwaela]] phetogo ya seemo sa bosa.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20100602041622/http://postconflict.unep.ch/publications/sudan/03_disasters.pdf Ch 3. Natural Disasters]" (PDF), Natural Disasters and Desertification, archived from [http://postconflict.unep.ch/publications/sudan/03_disasters.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2 June 2010, retrieved 18 January 2022 in [[:en:Climate_change_in_Africa#CITEREFUNEP2007|UNEP 2007]], p. 69</ref> == Ditlamorago go ya ka dikgaolo == === Bogare jwa Aforika === ''Tshedimosetso e e oketsegileng: [[:en:Climate_change_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo|Phetogo ya seemo sa bosa kwa Lefatshe la puso ya batho ka batho ya Congo (Democratic Republic of Congo)]] le [[:en:Climate_change_in_São_Tomé_and_Príncipe|Phetogo ya]] [[:en:Climate_change_in_São_Tomé_and_Príncipe|seemo sa bosa kwa São Tomé le Príncipe]]'' Bogare jwa Aforika, bontsi jwa yone, e dikologilwe ke mafatshe a a naleng mawatle mme e tshosediwa ke phetogo ya seemo sa bosa go ya ka thutafatshe. Ka ntlha ya go fetoga ga seemo sa bosa ya lone le temothuo e e nang le pula, Aforika yo mo bogareng o solofetswe go itemogela makhubu a mogote a maleele le a a nnang teng kgapetsakgapetsa mmogo le koketsego ya dipheteletso tsa metsi.<ref>Diedhiou, Arona; Bichet, Adeline; Wartenburger, Richard; Seneviratne, Sonia I; Rowell, David P; Sylla, Mouhamadou B; Diallo, Ismaila; Todzo, Stella; Touré, N'datchoh E; Camara, Moctar; Ngatchah, Benjamin Ngounou; Kane, Ndjido A; Tall, Laure; Affholder, François (June 2018). [[doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aac3e5|"Changes in climate extremes over West and Central Africa at 1.5 °C and 2 °C global warming"]]. ''Environmental Research Letters''. '''13''' (6) 065020. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018ERL....13f5020D 2018ERL....13f5020D]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aac3e5|10.1088/1748-9326/aac3e5]]. [[:en:Hdl_(identifier)|hdl]]:[[hdl:20.500.11850/274346|20.500.11850/274346]].</ref> Megote ya lefatshe mo kgaolong e e tshwanetse go oketsega ka selekanyo sa mogote sa Celcius sa lesome ntlha tlhano (1.5 °C) go ya go ko Celcius ya mabedi (2 °C).<ref>Seneviratne, Sonia I.; Donat, Markus G.; Pitman, Andy J.; Knutti, Reto; Wilby, Robert L. (28 January 2016). "[https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/9482219 Allowable CO2 emissions based on regional and impact-related climate targets]". Nature. 529 (7587): 477–483. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1038/nature16542|10.1038/nature16542]]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26789252 26789252]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:205247437 205247437].</ref> Bokgoni jwa dikgwa tsa kwa [[:en:Congo_Basin|Congo Basin]] jwa go monya carbon dioxide bo fokotsegile. Phokotsego e e diragetse ka ntlha ya mogote o o oketsegang le komelelo e e bakang phokotsego ya kgolo ya ditlhare. Se se raya gore le dikgwa tse di sa rengwang di amiwa ke phetogo ya seemo sa bosa. Thutopatlisiso ya [[:en:Nature_(journal)|Nature]] e supa gore ka ngwaga wa 2030, sekgwa sa Aforika se tla monya ghese carbon dioxide e e kwa tlase ka karolo ya lesome le bone mo lekgolong (14%) go na le ka fa se neng se dira ka teng go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2005 go ya kwa ngwageng wa 2010, mme ga se kitla se monya epe gotlhelele ka ngwaga wa 2035.<ref>Grossman, Daniel (4 March 2020). "[https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-environment/the-congo-rainforest-is-losing-its-ability-to-absorb-carbon-dioxide-thats-bad-for-climate-change/2020/03/03/3363d218-5ca9-11ea-9055-5fa12981bbbf_story.html The Congo rainforest is losing ability to absorb carbon dioxide. That's bad for climate change]". Washington Post. Retrieved 6 March 2020.</ref> === Botlhaba jwa Aforika === ''Tshedimosetso e nngwe: [[:en:Climate_change_in_Kenya|Phetogo ya]]'' ''[[:en:Climate_change_in_Kenya|seemo sa bosa kwa Kenya]], [[:en:Climate_change_in_Tanzania|Phetogo ya]] [[:en:Climate_change_in_Tanzania|seemo sa bosa kwa Tanzania]], [[:en:Climate_change_in_Ethiopia|Phetogo ya]] [[:en:Climate_change_in_Ethiopia|seemo sa bosa kwa Ethiopia]], le [[:en:Climate_change_in_South_Sudan|Phetogo ya]] [[:en:Climate_change_in_South_Sudan|seemo sa bosa kwa Sudan Borwa]]'' E le mo e ka nnang gotlhelele mo boboatsatsi, pula mo [[:en:East_Africa|Botlhaba jwa Aforika]] e laolwa ke go fuduga ga dipaka ga setlhopha sa pula ya boboatsatsi.<ref>Nicholson, Sharon E. (2017). "[[doi:10.1002/2016RG000544|Climate and climatic variability of rainfall over eastern Africa".]] ''Reviews of Geophysics''. '''55''' (3): 590–635. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017RvGeo..55..590N 2017RvGeo..55..590N.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/2016RG000544|10.1002/2016RG000544.]]</ref> Botlhaba jwa Aforika bo tlhomololwa ke go fetogafetoga mo go kwa godimo ga pula ya lefelo le nako ka gonne e akaretsa go feta selekanyo sa mogote sa didikirii di le masome a mararo tsa boleele jwa bophara (go kgabaganya mola wa equator). E na le ditlhotlheletso go tswa kwa Mawatleng a India le Atlantic ka bobedi, mme e na le diponagalo tse dikgolo tsa thutafatshe (dithaba) mmogo le metsi a a kwa teng jaaka [[:en:Lake_Victoria|Letsha la Victoria]]. Ka jalo, paka ya pula e farologana go tswa mo pakeng e le nngwe ya pula ka ngwaga ka kgwedi ya Phukwi go ya kwa kgwedi ya Phatwe mo dikarolong tsa bokonebophirima (go akaretsa mafatshe a Ethiopia le Sudan Borwa, tse di golaganeng thata ka bosa le Bophirima jwa Aforika , ka phefo ya dipula ya paka ya Aforika Bophirima e e tlisang dipula) go ya go paka e le nngwe ya pula ka ngwaga ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole go ya kwa kgweding ya Tlhakole) mo borwa (go feta lefatshe la Tanzania) le mafelo a le mantsi a gaufi le mola wa bogare jwa lefatshe e e nang le dipaka tse pedi tsa dipula ka ngwaga,<ref>Dunning, Caroline M.; Black, Emily C. L.; Allan, Richard P. (2016). "[[doi:10.1002/2016JD025428|The onset and cessation of seasonal rainfall over Africa]]". ''Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres''. '''121''' (19): 11, 405–11, 424. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016JGRD..12111405D 2016JGRD..12111405D.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/2016JD025428|10.1002/2016JD025428]].</ref> mo e ka nnang ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo go ya kwa kgweding ya Motsheganong ("Dipula tse ditelele") le kgwedi ya phalane go ya go kwa kgweding ya Sedimonthole ("Dipula tse dikhutshwane"). Go farologana ga selekanyo se se boleta mo dipakeng tsa pula gantsi go golaganngwa le thutafatshe ya lefatshe le makadiba. Pharologano ya magareng ga ngwaga e ka nna kgolo mme ditaolo tse di itsegeng di akaretsa dipharologano tsa [[:en:Sea_surface_temperatures|megote tsa boalogodimo jwa Lewatle]] (SSTs) tsa dibeiseneng tse di farologaneng tsa lewatle, mekgwa e megolo ya go fetoga ga lefaufau jaaka [[:en:Madden–Julian_oscillation|Madden–Julian Osciliation]] (MJO)<ref>Vellinga, Michael; Milton, Sean (2018). "[[doi:10.1002/qj.3263|Drivers of interannual variability of the East African 'Long Rains]]'". ''Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society''. '''144''' (1): 861–876. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018QJRMS.144..861V 2018QJRMS.144..861V.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/qj.3263|10.1002/qj.3263.]]</ref><ref name=":15">Finney, Declan L.; Marsham, John H.; Jackson, Lawrence S.; Kendon, Elizabeth J.; Rowell, David P.; Boorman, Penelope M.; Keane, Richard J.; Stratton, Rachel A.; Senior, Catherine A. (5 February 2019). "[[doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0387.1|Implications of Improved Representation of Convection for the East Africa Water Budget Using a Convection-Permitting Model]]". ''Journal of Climate''. '''32''' (7): 2109–2129. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019JCli...32.2109F 2019JCli...32.2109F.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0387.1|10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0387.1.]]</ref> le ditsuatsue tsa boboatsatsi<ref name=":15" /><ref>Kilavi, Mary; MacLeod, Dave; Ambani, Maurine; Robbins, Joanne; Dankers, Rutger; Graham, Richard; Titley, Helen; Salih, Abubakr A. M.; Todd, Martin C. (December 2018). [[doi:10.3390/atmos9120472|"Extreme Rainfall and Flooding over Central Kenya Including Nairobi City during the Long-Rains Season 2018: Causes, Predictability, and Potential for Early Warning and Actions]]". ''Atmosphere''. '''9''' (12): 472. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018Atmos...9..472K 2018Atmos...9..472K]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.3390/atmos9120472|10.3390/atmos9120472.]]</ref> Dipula tse ditelele ke paka e kgolo ya go jala dijalo mo kgaolong. Go bonelapele ga gare ga dingwaga ga paka e go kwa tlase fa go bapisiwa le Dipula tse di Khutshwane, mme go omisa ga sešweng go farologana le diponelopele tsa seemo sa bosa sa isago e e metsi ("Kganetsano ya seemo sa bosa sa Aforika Botlhaba".<ref>Rowell, David P.; Booth, Ben B. B.; Nicholson, Sharon E.; Good, Peter (15 December 2015). "Reconciling Past and Future Rainfall Trends over East Africa". ''Journal of Climate''. '''28''' (24): 9768–9788. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015JCli...28.9768R 2015JCli...28.9768R.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0140.1|10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0140.1.]] [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:129146135 129146135].</ref>). Botlhaba jwa Afrika e nnile le komelelo e e nnang teng kgapetsakgapetsa le e e masisi mo masomeng a dingwaga a bosheng jaana, mmogo le merwalela e e senyang. Diphetogo tsa pula go tloga ka dingwaga tsa bo 1980 di bontsha phokotsego ka kakaretso mo dipuleng tsa paka tsa kgwedi ya Mopitlo go ya kwa kgweding ya Motsheganong (MAM) ka koketsego e nnye ka nako ya dipula tsa kgwedi ya Seetebosigo go ya kwa ya Lwetse (JJAS) le kgwedi ya Phalane go ya kwa kgweding ya Sedimonthole (OND),<ref>Bernhofer, Christian; Hülsmann, Stephan; Gebrechorkos, Solomon H. (6 August 2019). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6684806 "Long-term trends in rainfall and temperature using high-resolution climate datasets in East Africa]". ''Scientific Reports''. '''9''' (1) 11376. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019NatSR...911376G 2019NatSR...911376G]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1038/s41598-019-47933-8|10.1038/s41598-019-47933-8.]] [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6684806 6684806]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31388068 31388068].</ref> le fa go lebega go nnile le phokotsego ya bošeng mo dipuleng tsa MAM.<ref name=":27">Wainwright, Caroline M.; Marsham, John H.; Keane, Richard J.; Rowell, David P.; Finney, Declan L.; Black, Emily; Allan, Richard P. (12 September 2019). "'[[doi:10.1038/s41612-019-0091-7|Eastern African Paradox' rainfall decline due to shorter not less intense Long Rains]]". ''npj Climate and Atmospheric Science''. '''2''' (1): 34. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019npCAS...2...34W 2019npCAS...2...34W.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1038/s41612-019-0091-7|10.1038/s41612-019-0091-7.]]</ref> Mo isagong, pula le megote di solofetswe go fetoga mo Botlhaba jwa Aforika .<ref name=":17">Dunning, Caroline M.; Black, Emily; Allan, Richard P. (December 2018). "Later Wet Seasons with More Intense Rainfall over Africa under Future Climate Change". ''Journal of Climate''. '''31''' (23): 9719–9738. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018JCli...31.9719D 2018JCli...31.9719D.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0102.1|10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0102.1]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:52990163 52990163].</ref><ref>Muhati, Godwin Leslie; Olago, Daniel; Olaka, Lydia (1 October 2018). "[[doi:10.1016/j.gecco.2018.e00469|Past and projected rainfall and temperature trends in a sub-humid Montane Forest in Northern Kenya based on the CMIP5 model ensemble"]]. ''Global Ecology and Conservation''. '''16''' e00469. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018GEcoC..1600469M 2018GEcoC..1600469M.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.gecco.2018.e00469|10.1016/j.gecco.2018.e00469.]]</ref><ref name=":18">Rowell, David P.; Senior, Catherine A.; Vellinga, Michael; Graham, Richard J. (1 February 2016). "[[doi:10.1007/s10584-015-1554-4|Can climate projection uncertainty be constrained over Africa using metrics of contemporary performance]]?". ''Climatic Change''. '''134''' (4): 621–633. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016ClCh..134..621R 2016ClCh..134..621R.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s10584-015-1554-4|10.1007/s10584-015-1554-4.]]</ref> Dithutopatlisiso tsa sešweng ka ga diponelopele tsa seemo sa bosa di supa gore mogote o o magareng e ka oketsega ka bokana ka mogote jwa Celcius tse pedi go ya borarong (2–3 °C) mo bogareng jwa ngwagakgolo le selekanyo sa mogote sa Celcius tse pedi go ya kwa botlhanong (2–5 °C) kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwagakgolo.<ref name=":19">Bornemann, F. Jorge; Rowell, David P.; Evans, Barbara; Lapworth, Dan J.; Lwiza, Kamazima; Macdonald, David M.J.; Marsham, John H.; Tesfaye, Kindie; Ascott, Matthew J.; Way, Celia (1 October 2019). "[[doi:10.1007/s10584-019-02499-2|Future changes and uncertainty in decision-relevant measures of East African climate]]". ''Climatic Change''. '''156''' (3): 365–384. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019ClCh..156..365B 2019ClCh..156..365B.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s10584-019-02499-2|10.1007/s10584-019-02499-2.]]</ref> Se se tla ikaega ka [[:en:Climate_change_scenario|ditiragalo tsa kgololo]] mmogo le ka fa seemo sa bosa ya nnete e tsibogang ka teng fa e bapisiwa le mefuta ya dipoelo tse di ka nnang teng tse di bontshiwang ke dikai. Diponelopele tsa sekao tsa seemo sa bosa di na le go bontsha koketsego ya pula, bogolosegolo ka paka ya OND, e gape e akanyediwang go diragala moragonyana. Tiego e mo pakeng e khutshwane ya dipula, e golagantswe le go tsenelela ga Saharan Heat Low ka fa tlase ga phetogo ya seemo sa bosa.<ref name=":17" /> Le fa go ntse jalo, dikai dingwe di bonelapele go fokotsega ga pula,<ref name=":18" /><ref name=":19" /> mme mo dikgaolong dingwe le dipaka dingwe dikoketso tse dikgolo thata tsa pula tse di bonelwang pele di bontshitswe di akaretsa mekgwa e e sa dumelegeng ka ntlha ya diphoso tsa sekao se se rulagantsweng.<ref>Rowell, David P. (2019). [[doi:10.1029/2019GL082847|"An Observational Constraint on CMIP5 Projections of the East African Long Rains and Southern Indian Ocean Warming]]". ''Geophysical Research Letters''. '''46''' (11): 6050–6058. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019GeoRL..46.6050R 2019GeoRL..46.6050R.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1029/2019GL082847|10.1029/2019GL082847.]]</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, diphetogo tsa di-aerosol di tlamela ka phetogo ya pula e e sa tseweng mo ditshekatshekong tse dintsi tsa diponelopele tsa seemo sa bosa.<ref>Scannell, Claire; Booth, Ben B. B.; Dunstone, Nick J.; Rowell, David P.; Bernie, Dan J.; Kasoar, Matthew; Voulgarakis, Apostolos; Wilcox, Laura J.; Acosta Navarro, Juan C.; Seland, Øyvind; Paynter, David J. (13 September 2019). "[[doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0716.1|The Influence of Remote Aerosol Forcing from Industrialized Economies on the Future Evolution of East and West African Rainfall"]]. ''Journal of Climate''. '''32''' (23): 8335–8354. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019JCli...32.8335S 2019JCli...32.8335S]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0716.1|10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0716.1.]] [[:en:Hdl_(identifier)|hdl]]:[[hdl:10044/1/75583|10044/1/75583.]]</ref><ref name=":28">Rowell, David P.; Booth, Ben B. B.; Nicholson, Sharon E.; Good, Peter (7 October 2015). "Reconciling Past and Future Rainfall Trends over East Africa". ''Journal of Climate''. '''28''' (24): 9768–9788. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015JCli...28.9768R 2015JCli...28.9768R.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0140.1|10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0140.1.]] [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:129146135 129146135].</ref> Pharologano ya tlwaelo ya go oma ga pula ya MAM (dipula tse ditelele) mo Aforika Botlhaba jwa mola wa bogare, ka bontsi jwa dikai tse di bonelapele go koloba mo isagong e tshwailwe "kganetsano ya phetogo ya seemo sa bosa ya Botlhaba jwa Aforika"<ref name=":28" />, le fa go nnile le go boela mannong ga bošeng mo puleng.<ref name=":27" /> Dithutopatlisiso di bontshitse gore tlwaelo ya go omisa ga e kgonagale go nna ya tlhago fela, fela e ka kgweediwa ke mabaka a a jaaka di-aerosol go na le digase tsa tshwarang mogote molefaufaung,<ref name=":28" /> go tlhokega dipatlisiso tse dingwe. Go oma go bontshitswe go bakilwe ke paka e khutshwane ya dipula, mme go golaganngwa le go tsenelela ga Mogote wa Arabian Heat Low.<ref name=":27" /> Go tsamaelana le go sa tlhomamisegeng ga diponelopele tsa pula, diphetogo mo tshimologong ya [[:en:Rainy_seasons|dipaka tsa pula]] ga di tlhomamisege mo Botlhaba jwa Aforika jwa mola wa bogare wa lefatshe, le fa dikai tse dintsi di bonelapele dipula tse dikhutshwane tsa moragonyana le tse di metsi.<ref name=":17" /> [[:en:Indian_Ocean_Dipole|Dipole ya Lewatle la India]] (IOD) e itsege ka go tlamela ka taolo e e maatla mo go fetogeng ga magareng ga dingwaga mo dipuleng tse dikhutshwane,<ref>Black, Emily; Slingo, Julia; Sperber, Kenneth R. (1 January 2003). [https://doi.org/10.1175%2F1520-0493%282003%29131%3C0074%3AAOSOTR%3E2.0.CO%3B2 "An Observational Study of the Relationship between Excessively Strong Short Rains in Coastal East Africa and Indian Ocean SST]". ''Monthly Weather Review''. '''131''' (1): 74–94. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003MWRv..131...74B 2003MWRv..131...74B.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[https://doi.org/10.1175%2F1520-0493%282003%29131%3C0074%3AAOSOTR%3E2.0.CO%3B2 10.1175/1520-0493(2003)131&#x3C;0074:AOSOTR&#x3E;2.0.CO&#x3B;2.]</ref> mme dithutopatlisiso di bontsha gore di-IOD tse di feteletseng di ka oketsega ka fa tlase ga phetogo ya seemo sa bosa.<ref>Cai, Wenju; Wang, Guojian; Gan, Bolan; Wu, Lixin; Santoso, Agus; Lin, Xiaopei; Chen, Zhaohui; Jia, Fan; Yamagata, Toshio (12 April 2018). "[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5897553 Stabilised frequency of extreme positive Indian Ocean Dipole under 1.5 °C warming]". ''Nature Communications''. '''9''' (1) 1419. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018NatCo...9.1419C 2018NatCo...9.1419C.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1038/s41467-018-03789-6|10.1038/s41467-018-03789-6]]. [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5897553 5897553]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29650992 29650992].</ref> Lefatshe ka bophara, phetogo ya seemo sa bosa e solofetswe go lebisa kwa go gateleleng ga pula, ka pula e e feteletseng e oketsega ka seelo se se bonako fa go thuthafala go feta pula yotlhe<ref>IPCC (2018). [https://www.ipcc.ch/sr15/ "Global Warming of 1.5°C: an IPCC special report on the impacts of global warming of 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways, in the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change, sustainable development, and efforts to eradicate poverty"]. ''IPCC''. Retrieved 16 February 2020.</ref> Tiro ya sešweng e bontsha gore go ralala Aforika dikai tsa lefatshe di solofetswe go nyatsa seelo sa phetogo ya go oketsega ga pula e,<ref name=":1" /> mme diphetogo mo go feteletseng ga pula di ka nna tsa anama thata go feta tse di bonelwang pele ke dikai tsa lefatshe.<ref>Finney, Declan L.; Marsham, John H.; Rowell, David P.; Kendon, Elizabeth J.; Tucker, Simon O.; Stratton, Rachel A.; Jackson, Lawrence S. (22 January 2020). "[[doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0328.1|Effects of explicit convection on future projections of mesoscale circulations, rainfall and rainfall extremes over Eastern Africa"]]. ''Journal of Climate''. '''33''' (7): 2701–2718. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2020JCli...33.2701F 2020JCli...33.2701F]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0328.1|10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0328.1.]]</ref> Dikarolo tse di kwa borwa jwa Aforika Botlhaba di amogela bontsi jwa pula ya tsone mo pakeng e le nngwe ya pula ka nako ya mariga a hemisefere e e kwa borwa: mo godimo ga Tanzania pula ya paka e solofetswe go oketsega ka fa tlase ga phetogo ya seemo sa bosa ya isago, le fa go na le go sa tlhomamang.<ref name=":17" /> Go ya kwa borwa, mo godimo ga Mozambique, paka e khutshwane ka ntlha ya go simolola moragonyana e akanyediwa ka fa tlase ga phetogo ya seemo sa bosa ya isago, gape ka go sa tlhomamang go go rileng.<ref>Wang, Bin; Liu, De Li; Waters, Cathy; Yu, Qiang (2 October 2018). "Quantifying sources of uncertainty in projected wheat yield changes under climate change in eastern Australia". ''Climatic Change''. '''151''' (2): 259–273. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018ClCh..151..259W 2018ClCh..151..259W.] doi:[[doi:10.1007/s10584-018-2306-z|10.1007/s10584-018-2306-z]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:158743534 158743534].</ref> Jaaka sekai, [[:en:Kenya|Kenya]] e na le bothata jo bo kwa godimo jwa ditlamorago tsa phetogo ya seemo sa bosa. [[:en:Climate_hazards|Dikotsi tse dikgolo tsa seemo sa bosa]] di akaretsa [[:en:Drought|komelelo]] le [[:en:Flood|merwalela]] ka gonne go ka direga gore pula e nne e e tseneletseng e bile e se ka ya bonelwa kwa pele. [[:en:Climate_model|Dikai tsa seemo sa bosa]] di bonela pele gore megote e tla tlhatloga ka lefala ntlha tlhano go ya koselekanyong sa mogote sa Celcius tse pedi.<ref>World Bank Climate Change Knowledge Portal. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20231001012517/https://climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org/country/kenya/vulnerability Kenya (Vulnerability)"]. Retrieved 28 January 2021.</ref> Mo mafelong a a sa tlhomamang a toropong ya [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]] phelelo ya [[:en:Urban_heat_island|setlhaketlhake sa mogote wa toropo]] e oketsa bothata ka gonne e dira megote e e bothitho le go feta tsa tikologo. Se ke ka ntlha ya didirisiwa tsa go aga mo matlong, go tlhoka go tsenya mowa, lefelo le letala le le sesane, le go sa kgone go bona maatla a motlakase le ditirelo tse dingwe.<ref>Hirch, Aurther (November 2017). [https://hub.jhu.edu/2017/11/06/deadly-climate-change-disproportionately-affects-africa/ "Effects of climate change likely to be more deadly in poor African settlements]".</ref> === Bokone jwa Aforika === ''Karolo e ke nopolo go tswa mo [[:en:Climate_change_in_the_Middle_East_and_North_Africa|Phetogong ya]]'' ''[[:en:Climate_change_in_the_Middle_East_and_North_Africa|Seemo sa Bosa kwa Botlhabagare le Aforika Bokone.]]''[[Setshwantsho:Middle East map of Köppen climate classification.svg|thumb]] [[Setshwantsho:Koppen-Geiger Map Northern Africa future.svg|thumb|Ditshwantso tsa mafatshe tsa tlhaolo ya seemo sa bosa tsa Botlhabagare ga jaana (kwa godimo) le tse di bonelwang pele tsa Aforika Bokone tsa ngwaga wa di 2071 go ya kwa ngwageng 2100 ka fa tlase ga boemo jo bo tseneletseng thata jwa phetogo ya seemo sa bosa(kwa tlase). Ditiragalo tsa magareng ga jaana di tsewa di ka nna teng thata.<ref>Hausfather, Zeke; Peters, Glen (29 January 2020). "[[doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00177-3|Emissions – the 'business as usual' story is misleading"]]. ''Nature''. '''577''' (7792): 618–20. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2020Natur.577..618H 2020Natur.577..618H.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00177-3|10.1038/d41586-020-00177-3.]] [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31996825 31996825].</ref><ref>Schuur, Edward A.G.; Abbott, Benjamin W.; Commane, Roisin; Ernakovich, Jessica; Euskirchen, Eugenie; Hugelius, Gustaf; Grosse, Guido; Jones, Miriam; Koven, Charlie; Leshyk, Victor; Lawrence, David; Loranty, Michael M.; Mauritz, Marguerite; Olefeldt, David; Natali, Susan; Rodenhizer, Heidi; Salmon, Verity; Schädel, Christina; Strauss, Jens; Treat, Claire; Turetsky, Merritt (2022). "[[doi:10.1146/annurev-environ-012220-011847|Permafrost and Climate Change: Carbon Cycle Feedbacks From the Warming Arctic]]". ''Annual Review of Environment and Resources''. '''47''': 343–371. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1146/annurev-environ-012220-011847|10.1146/annurev-environ-012220-011847.]] <q>Medium-range estimates of Arctic carbon emissions could result from moderate climate emission mitigation policies that keep global warming below 3°C (e.g., RCP4.5). This global warming level most closely matches country emissions reduction pledges made for the Paris Climate Agreement...</q></ref><ref>Phiddian, Ellen (5 April 2022). "[https://cosmosmagazine.com/earth/climate/explainer-ipcc-scenarios/ Explainer: IPCC Scenarios]". ''[[:en:Cosmos_(magazine)|Cosmos]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230920224129/https://cosmosmagazine.com/earth/climate/explainer-ipcc-scenarios/ Archived] from the original on 20 September 2023. Retrieved 30 September 2023. <q>"The IPCC doesn't make projections about which of these scenarios is more likely, but other researchers and modellers can. [[:en:The_Australian_Academy_of_Science|The Australian Academy of Science]], for instance, released a report last year stating that our current emissions trajectory had us headed for a 3°C warmer world, roughly in line with the middle scenario. [[:en:Climate_Action_Tracker|Climate Action Tracker]] predicts 2.5 to 2.9°C of warming based on current policies and action, with pledges and government agreements taking this to 2.1°C.</q></ref>]] Ka ngwaga wa 2018, kgaolo ya [[:en:MENA|MENA]] e ne ya ntsha bokete jwa ditone di le didikadike di le tharo ntlha pedi tsa ghese ya carbon dioxide mme ya ntsha karolo ya borobabobedi ntlha supa mo lekgolong ya [[:en:Greenhouse_gas_emissions|mesi ya digase tse di tshawarang mogote mo loaping tsa lefatshe]] (GHG)<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20201011125320/http://www.globalcarbonatlas.org/en/CO2-emissions "CO2 Emissions]". ''Global Carbon Atlas''. Archived from [https://www.globalcarbonatlas.org/en/CO2-emissions the original] on 11 October 2020. Retrieved 10 April 2020.</ref> le fa e ne e dira fela karolo ya borataro mo lekgolong ya baagi ba lefatshe.<ref>[https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?locations=ZQ-1W "Population, total – Middle East & North Africa, World"]. ''World Bank Open Data''. Retrieved 11 April 2020.</ref> Mesi e e tswa thata mo lekalaneng la maatla,<ref>Abbass, Rana Alaa; Kumar, Prashant; El-Gendy, Ahmed (February 2018). "[http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/845102/1/An%20Overview%20of%20Monitoring%20and%20Reduction%20Strategies%20for%20Health%20and%20Climate%201%20Change%20Related%20Emissions%20in%20the%20Middle%20East%20and%20North%20Africa%20Region.pdf An overview of monitoring and reduction strategies for health and climate change related emissions in the Middle East and North Africa region"] (PDF). ''Atmospheric Environment''. '''175''': 33–43. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018AtmEn.175...33A 2018AtmEn.175...33A.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.11.061|10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.11.061.]] [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1352-2310 1352-2310]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210614234546/http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/845102/1/An%20Overview%20of%20Monitoring%20and%20Reduction%20Strategies%20for%20Health%20and%20Climate%201%20Change%20Related%20Emissions%20in%20the%20Middle%20East%20and%20North%20Africa%20Region.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 14 June 2021 &#x2013; via Surrey Research Insight Open Access.</ref> e leng karolo e e botlhokwa ya itsholelo e e ntsi ya [[:en:Middle_Eastern|Botlhabagare]] le ya [[:en:North_Africa|Bokone jwa Aforika]] ka ntlha ya dipolokelo tse dintsi tsa [[:en:Petroleum|mahura]] le [[:en:Natural_gas|ghese ya tlholego]] tse di fitlhelwang mo kgaolong eo.<ref>Al-mulali, Usama (1 October 2011). [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544211005226 "Oil consumption, CO2 emission and economic growth in MENA countries]". ''Energy''. '''36''' (10): 6165–6171. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.energy.2011.07.048|10.1016/j.energy.2011.07.048.]] [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0360-5442 0360-5442.]</ref><ref>Tagliapietra, Simone (1 November 2019). "[[doi:10.1016/j.esr.2019.100397|The impact of the global energy transition on MENA oil and gas producers]]". ''Energy Strategy Reviews''. '''26''' 100397. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.esr.2019.100397|10.1016/j.esr.2019.100397]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2211-467X 2211-467X.]</ref>Kgaolo ya Botlhabagare ke nngwe ya tse di [[:en:Climate_change_vulnerability|ka amiwang thata ke phetogo ya seemo sa bosa]]. Ditlamorago di akaretsa koketsego ya maemo a [[:en:Drought|leuba]], komelelo, [[:en:Heat_wave|makhubu a mogote]] le go [[:en:Sea_level_rise|tlhatloga ga bogodimo jwa lewatle]]. Diphetogo tse di bogale tsa mogote ya lefatshe le bogodimo jwa lewatle, go fetoga ga mekgwa tsa pula le go oketsega ga makgetlo a ditiragalo tsa maemo a [[:en:Extreme_weather|tepo loapi]] a a feteletseng ke dingwe tsa ditlamorago tse dikgolo tsa phetogo ya seemo sa bosa jaaka di supilwe ke [[:en:Intergovernmental_Panel_on_Climate_Change|Phanele ya Dipuso ka ga Phetogo ya Seemo sa Bosa]] (IPCC).<ref name=":29">IPCC, 2014: Climate Change 2014: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Core Writing Team, R.K. Pachauri and L.A. Meyer (eds.)]. IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland, 151 pp.</ref> Kgaolo ya MENA e mo kotsing thata ya ditlamorago tse di jalo ka ntlha ya tikologo ya yona e e omeletseng le e e omeletseng go sekae, e lebane le dikgwetlho tsa seemo sa bosa tse di jaaka pula e e kwa tlase, megote e e kwa godimo le mmu o o omileng.<ref name=":29" /><ref>El-Fadel, M.; Bou-Zeid, E. (2003). "Climate change and water resources in the Middle East: vulnerability, socio-economic impacts and adaptation". ''Climate Change in the Mediterranean''. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.4337/9781781950258.00015|10.4337/9781781950258.00015.]] [[:en:Hdl_(identifier)|hdl]]:[[hdl:10535/6396|10535/6396]]. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781781950258|9781781950258]]</bdi>.</ref> Maemo a seemo sa bosa a a rotloetsang dikgwetlho tse di jalo mo MENA a akanyediwa ke IPCC go nna maswe le go feta mo ngwagakgolong otlhe wa masome a mabedi le bongwe.<ref name=":29" /> Fa [[:en:Greenhouse_gas_emissions|mesi ya digase tse di kapang mogote mo loaping]] e sa fokodiwe thata, karolo ya kgaolo ya MENA e mo kotsing ya go sa kgone go agiwa pele ga ngwaga wa 2100.<ref>Broom, Douglas (5 April 2019). "[https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2019/04/middle-east-front-lines-climate-change-mena/ How the Middle East is suffering on the front lines of climate change]". ''World Economic Forum''. Retrieved 4 February 2020.</ref><ref>Gornall, Jonathan (24 April 2019). [https://www.euractiv.com/section/climate-environment/opinion/with-climate-change-life-in-the-gulf-could-become-impossible/ "With climate change, life in the Gulf could become impossible"]. Euroactive. Retrieved 4 February 2020.</ref><ref>Pal, Jeremy S.; Eltahir, Elfatih A. B. (26 October 2015). "Future temperature in southwest Asia projected to exceed a threshold for human adaptability". ''Nature Climate Change''. '''6''' (2): 197–200. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1038/nclimate2833|10.1038/nclimate2833.]] [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1758-678X 1758-678X.]</ref> ''Tshedimosetso e e'' ''oketsegileng: [[:en:Climate_change_in_Algeria|Phetogo ya]] [[:en:Climate_change_in_Algeria|seemo sa bosa kwa Algeria]] le [[:en:Climate_change_in_Morocco|Phetogo ya]] [[:en:Climate_change_in_Morocco|seemo sa bosa kwa Morocco]]'' === Aforika Bophirima le Sahel === ''Tshedimosetso e e oketsegileng: [[:en:Climate_change_in_Ghana|Phetogo ya]] [[:en:Climate_change_in_Ghana|seemo sa bosa kwa Ghana]], [[:en:Climate_change_in_Nigeria|Phetogo ya]] [[:en:Climate_change_in_Nigeria|seemo sa bosa kwa Nigeria]], [[:en:Climate_change_in_Senegal|Phetogo ya]] [[:en:Climate_change_in_Senegal|seemo sa bosa kwa Senegal]], [[:en:Climate_change_in_the_Gambia|Phetogo ya]] [[:en:Climate_change_in_the_Gambia|seemo sa bosa kwa Gambia]], le [[:en:Climate_change_in_Mali|Phetogo ya]] [[:en:Climate_change_in_Mali|seemo sa bosa kwa Mali]]'' Kgaolo ya Bophirima jwa Aforika e ka kgaoganngwa ka dikgaolopotlana di le nne tsa seemo sa bosa e leng Lebopo la Guinea, Soudano-Sahel, Sahel (e e atologelang kwa botlhaba go ya kwa molelwaneng wa Ethiopia) le Sahara,<ref>Agyeman, Richard Yao Kuma; Quansah, Emmannuel; Lamptey, Benjamin; Annor, Thompson; Agyekum, Jacob (2018). [[doi:10.1155/2018/4853681|"Evaluation of CMIP5 Global Climate Models over the Volta Basin: Precipitation]]". ''Advances in Meteorology''. '''2018''' (1): 1–24. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018AdMet201853681A 2018AdMet201853681A.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1155/2018/4853681|10.1155/2018/4853681]].</ref> nngwe le nngwe e na le maemo a a farologaneng a seemo sa bosa. Modikologo wa pula ya paka o kgweediwa thata ke motsamao wa borwa–bokone wa [[:en:Intertropical_Convergence_Zone|Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone]] (ITCZ) e e tlhaolwang ke go kopana ga diphefo tse di metsi tsa borwabophirima jwa monsoon le Harmattan e e omileng ya bokonebotlhaba.<ref>Sultan, Benjamin; Janicot, Serge (1 November 2003). "[https://doi.org/10.1175%2F1520-0442%282003%29016%3C3407%3ATWAMDP%3E2.0.CO%3B2 The West African Monsoon Dynamics. Part II: The 'Preonset' and 'Onset' of the Summer Monsoon"]. ''Journal of Climate''. '''16''' (21): 3407–3427. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003JCli...16.3407S 2003JCli...16.3407S]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[https://doi.org/10.1175%2F1520-0442%282003%29016%3C3407%3ATWAMDP%3E2.0.CO%3B2 10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016&#x3C;3407:TWAMDP&#x3E;2.0.CO&#x3B;2].</ref> Go ikaegilwe ka pharologano ya pula ya magareng ga dingwaga, dipaka tse tharo tse dikgolo tsa seemo sa bosa di lemogilwe mo godimo ga Sahel: paka e e metsi go tloga ka dingwaga tsa 1950 go ya kwa tshimologong ya dingwaga tsa bo 1960 e latelwa ke paka e e omileng go tloga ka dingwaga tsa 1972 go ya ko dingwageng tsa 1990 mme morago ga moo paka go tloga ka dingwaga tsa 1991 go ya pele e e boneng pula e ntsi gape ka selekanyo sengwe.<ref>Le Barbé, Luc; Lebel, Thierry; Tapsoba, Dominique (1 January 2002). "[https://doi.org/10.1175%2F1520-0442%282002%29015%3C0187%3ARVIWAD%3E2.0.CO%3B2 Rainfall Variability in West Africa during the Years 1950–90]". ''Journal of Climate''. '''15''' (2): 187–202. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002JCli...15..187L 2002JCli...15..187L.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[https://doi.org/10.1175%2F1520-0442%282002%29015%3C0187%3ARVIWAD%3E2.0.CO%3B2 10.1175/1520-0442(2002)015&#x3C;0187:RVIWAD&#x3E;2.0.CO&#x3B;2].</ref><ref>Rowell, David P. (2003). "[https://doi.org/10.1175%2F1520-0442%282003%29016%3C0849%3Atiomso%3E2.0.co%3B2 The Impact of Mediterranean SSTS on the Sahelian Rainfall Season]". ''Journal of Climate''. '''16''' (5): 849–862. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003JCli...16..849R 2003JCli...16..849R.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[https://doi.org/10.1175%2F1520-0442%282003%29016%3C0849%3Atiomso%3E2.0.co%3B2 10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016&#x3C;0849:tiomso&#x3E;2.0.co&#x3B;2].</ref><ref>Nicholson, Sharon E.; Fink, Andreas H.; Funk, Chris (2018). [[doi:10.1002/joc.5530|"Assessing recovery and change in West Africa's rainfall regime from a 161-year record]]". ''International Journal of Climatology''. '''38''' (10): 3770–3786. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018IJCli..38.3770N 2018IJCli..38.3770N.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/joc.5530|10.1002/joc.5530.]] [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:134207640 134207640].</ref> Ka nako ya komelelo, Sahel e ne ya itemogela ditiragalo di le mmalwa tsa komelelo tse di masisi thata, ka ditlamorago tse di senyang.<ref name=":30">Funk, Chris; Fink, Andreas H.; Nicholson, Sharon E. (1 August 2018). [[doi:10.1002/joc.5530|"Assessing recovery and change in West Africa's rainfall regime from a 161-year record"]]. ''International Journal of Climatology''. '''38''' (10): 3770–3786. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018IJCli..38.3770N 2018IJCli..38.3770N.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/joc.5530|10.1002/joc.5530.]]</ref><ref>Nicholson, Sharon E. (2013). "[[doi:10.1155/2013/453521|The West African Sahel: A Review of Recent Studies on the Rainfall Regime and Its Interannual Variability]]". ''ISRN Meteorology''. '''2013''': 1–32. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1155/2013/453521|10.1155/2013/453521]].</ref> Dingwagasome tsa sešweng, le tsone di bone koketsego e e magareng ya pula ya ngwaga le ngwaga fa e sale ka tshimologo ya dingwaga tsa bo 1990. Le fa go ntse jalo, palogotlhe ya pula ya ngwaga le ngwaga e santse e le kwa tlase thata ga e e lemogilweng ka dingwaga tsa bo 1950.<ref>Panthou, G; Lebel, T; Vischel, T; Quantin, G; Sane, Y; Ba, A; Ndiaye, O; Diongue-Niang, A; Diopkane, M (June 2018). [[doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aac334|"Rainfall intensification in tropical semi-arid regions: the Sahelian case]]". ''Environmental Research Letters''. '''13''' (6) 064013. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018ERL....13f4013P 2018ERL....13f4013P.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aac334|10.1088/1748-9326/aac334.]]</ref><ref name=":30" /> Bangwe ba supile dingwagasome tse pedi tsa bosheng jaaka paka ya go boela mannong.<ref>Sanogo, Souleymane; Fink, Andreas H.; Omotosho, Jerome A.; Ba, Abdramane; Redl, Robert; Ermert, Volker (2015). "Spatio-temporal characteristics of the recent rainfall recovery in West Africa". ''International Journal of Climatology''. '''35''' (15): 4589–4605. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015IJCli..35.4589S 2015IJCli..35.4589S]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/joc.4309|10.1002/joc.4309]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:129607595 129607595].</ref> Ba bangwe ba bitsa se jaaka paka ya "go gagamatsa ga metsi" ka bontsi jwa koketsego ya pula ya ngwaga le ngwaga e e tswang mo ditiragalong tse di masisi thata tsa pula mme ka dinako tse dingwe morwalela go na le pula e e nang kgapetsakgapetsa, kgotsa ka tsela e e tshwanang ditiro tse dingwe <ref>L'Hote, Yann; Mahe, Gil; Some, Bonaventure (June 2003). [[doi:10.1623/hysj.48.3.493.45283|"The 1990s rainfall in the Sahel: the third driest decade since the beginning of the century"]]. ''Hydrological Sciences Journal''. '''48''' (3): 493–496. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003HydSJ..48..493L 2003HydSJ..48..493L.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1623/hysj.48.3.493.45283|10.1623/hysj.48.3.493.45283.]]</ref><ref>Nicholson, S. E.; Some, B.; Kone, B. (1 July 2000). [https://doi.org/10.1175%2F1520-0442%282000%29013%3C2628%3AAAORRC%3E2.0.CO%3B2 "An Analysis of Recent Rainfall Conditions in West Africa, Including the Rainy Seasons of the 1997 El Niño and the 1998 La Niña Years]". ''Journal of Climate''. '''13''' (14): 2628–2640. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2000JCli...13.2628N 2000JCli...13.2628N.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[https://doi.org/10.1175%2F1520-0442%282000%29013%3C2628%3AAAORRC%3E2.0.CO%3B2 10.1175/1520-0442(2000)013&#x3C;2628:AAORRC&#x3E;2.0.CO&#x3B;2.]</ref> di thalela tsweletso ya komelelo le fa pula e oketsegile. Fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 1985, karolo ya masome a mane mo lekgolong tsa baagi di amilwe ke merwalela e le metlhano kgotsa go feta mo dinageng di le lesome le bosupa tsa kgaolo ya Sahel.<ref>Livelihood Security Climate Change, Migration and Conflict in the Sahel {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170228014910/http://www.unep.org/pdf/UNEP_Sahel_EN.pdf|date=28 February 2017}} 2011</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2012, go ne ga begwa gore go ne go na le [[:en:2012_Sahel_drought|komelelo e e masisi]] kwa Sahel. Dipuso tsa kgaolo di ne tsa tsiboga ka bonako, tsa simolola maano a go samagana le kgang eno.<ref>Fominyen, George. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20120603231542/http://www.trust.org/alertnet/news/coming-weeks-critical-to-tackle-sahel-hunger-un-humanitarian-chief/ Coming weeks critical to tackle Sahel hunger – U.N. humanitarian chief]". Thomson Reuters Foundation. Archived from [http://www.trust.org/alertnet/news/coming-weeks-critical-to-tackle-sahel-hunger-un-humanitarian-chief the original] on 3 June 2012. Retrieved 10 June 2012.</ref> Kgaolo e solofetswe go itemogela diphetogo mo pusong ya pula, ka dikai tsa seemo sa bosa tse di akantshang gore phokotsego ya pula ya paka e e metsi e ka nna teng thata kwa bophirima jwa Sahel, le koketsego e ka nna teng kwa bogareng go ya kwa botlhaba jwa Sahel, le fa diphetogo tse di fapaaneng di ise di kgaphelwe kwa thoko.<ref>Rowell, David P.; Senior, Catherine A.; Vellinga, Michael; Graham, Richard J. (2016). "[[doi:10.1007/s10584-015-1554-4|Can climate projection uncertainty be constrained over Africa using metrics of contemporary performance?]]". ''Climatic Change''. '''134''' (4): 621–633. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016ClCh..134..621R 2016ClCh..134..621R.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s10584-015-1554-4|10.1007/s10584-015-1554-4.]]</ref><ref name=":31">Berthou, Ségolène; Rowell, David P.; Kendon, Elizabeth J.; Roberts, Malcolm J.; Stratton, Rachel A.; Crook, Julia A.; Wilcox, Catherine (August 2019). [[doi:10.1007/s00382-019-04759-4|"Improved climatological precipitation characteristics over West Africa at convection-permitting scales]]". ''Climate Dynamics''. '''53''' (3–4): 1991–2011. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019ClDy...53.1991B 2019ClDy...53.1991B.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s00382-019-04759-4|10.1007/s00382-019-04759-4]].</ref><ref name=":1" /> Diphetogo tse di tla ama makgetlo le bokete jwa merwalela, komelelo, [[:en:Desertification|go nna sekaka]], ditsuatsue tsa motlhaba le lerole, dipetso tsa tsie ya sekaka le tlhaelo ya metsi.<ref>[http://abclive.in/ipcc-climate-change-impacts-africa/ "IPCC Sees Severe Climate Change Impacts on Africa]". ABC Live. ABC Live. Retrieved 7 September 2016.</ref><ref>[[:en:Coleen_Vogel|Vogel, Coleen]]. [https://theconversation.com/why-africa-is-particularly-vulnerable-to-climate-change-41775 "Why Africa is particularly vulnerable to climate change"]. ''The Conversation''. Retrieved 7 August 2017.</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, go sa kgathalesege diphetogo tsa pula e e magareng ya paka, ditsuatsue tse di maatla thata di solofetswe go nna tse di maatla thata, go oketsa makgetlo a morwalela.<ref name=":31" /><ref name=":1" />Mesi e e tokafaditsweng ya khabone le thuthafalo ya lefatshe le yona e ka baka koketsego ya dinako tsa komelelo bogolosegolo go kgabaganya Lebopo la Guinea e e amanang le phokotsego ya dinako tsa metsi ka fa tlase ga maemo a thuthafalo ya lefatshe ya selekanyo sa mogote wa Celcius ya bongwe ntlha tlhano le ya bobedi <ref>Klutse, Nana Ama Browne; Ajayi, Vincent O; Gbobaniyi, Emiola Olabode; Egbebiyi, Temitope S; Kouadio, Kouakou; Nkrumah, Francis; Quagraine, Kwesi Akumenyi; Olusegun, Christiana; Diasso, Ulrich; Abiodun, Babatunde J; Lawal, Kamoru; Nikulin, Grigory; Lennard, Christopher; Dosio, Alessandro (1 May 2018). "[[doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aab37b|Potential impact of 1.5 °C and 2 °C global warming on consecutive dry and wet days over West Africa]]". ''Environmental Research Letters''. '''13''' (5) 055013. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018ERL....13e5013A 2018ERL....13e5013A]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aab37b|10.1088/1748-9326/aab37b.]]</ref> Karolo ya lesome le botlhano mo lekgolong tsa baagi ba kgaolo ya [[:en:Sahel|Sahel]] le tsone di itemogetse koketsego ya mogote o o fetang selekanyo sa Celcius ye nngwe (1 °C) go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1970 go fitlha ka ngwaga ga 2010. Kgaolo ya Sahel, bogolosegolo, e tla itemogela megote e e kwa godimo tsa palogare mo tsamaong ya ngwagakgolo wa msaome a mabedi le bongwe le diphetogo mo mekgweng ya pula, go ya ka [[:en:Intergovernmental_Panel_on_Climate_Change|Phanele ya Intergovernmental Climate]] [[:en:Intergovernmental_Panel_on_Climate_Change|Change]] (IPCC). === Borwa jwa Aforika === ''Tshedimosetso e nngwe: [[:en:Climate_change_in_South_Africa|Phetogo ya]] [[:en:Climate_change_in_South_Africa|seemo sa bosa mo Aforika Borwa]], [[:en:Climate_change_in_Mozambique|Phetogo ya]] [[:en:Climate_change_in_Mozambique|seemo sa bosa kwa Mozambique]], le [[:en:Climate_change_in_Madagascar|Phetogo ya]] [[:en:Climate_change_in_Madagascar|seemo sa bosa kwa Madagascar]]'' == Go tlwaela == ''Tshedimosetso e nngwe: [[:en:Climate_change_adaptation|go tlwaela phetogo ya]] [[:en:Climate_change_adaptation|seemo sa bosa]]'' Go fokotsa ditlamorago tsa phetogo ya seemo sa bosa mo mafatsheng a Aforika, dikgato tsa go tlwaela di a tlhokega mo dilekanong tse dintsi – go simolola ka maemo a selegae go ya go a bosetšhaba le a kgaolo.<ref>Climate Analytics. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20221117055339/https://climateanalytics.org/media/schaeffer_et_al__2013__africao__s_a_daptation_gap_technical_report.pdf Africa's Adaptation Gap, Technical Report: Climate Change Impacts, Adaptation Challenges, and Costs for Africa"] (PDF). ''Climate Analytics''. Archived from [https://climateanalytics.org/media/schaeffer_et_al__2013__africao__s_a_daptation_gap_technical_report.pdf the original] (PDF) on 17 November 2022. Retrieved 8 March 2021.</ref> Kokomane ya ntlha ya mananeo a go tlwaela mo Aforika e ka tlhalosiwa thata jaaka tse dinnye ka tlhago, tse di tsepamisitsweng mo dipeeletsong tse di ikaeletsweng mo temothuong le go anamisa maranyane go tshegetsa go tsaya ditshwetso tsa go tlwaela.<ref>Troni, Jessica (2018). ''Climate change adaptation in Africa: UNDP synthesis of experiences and recommendations''. [[:en:OCLC_(identifier)|OCLC]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1079881730 1079881730].</ref> Bosheng jaana, maiteko a go dira mananeo a lebisitswe gape kwa maitekong a magolo le a a gokagantsweng, go lebagana le dintlha tse di akaretsang makalana a mantsi. Go ya ka patlisiso ya ngwaga wa 2023, karolo ya masome a matlhano le borobabongwe mo lekgolong ya dibanka tsa Aforika e na le melawana ya phetogo ya seemo sa bosa e e tlhomilweng, mme karolo ya masome a mabedi le bobedi mo lekgolong e nngwe e rulaganya go tsenya tirisong melawana. Karolo ya masome a marataro le botlhano mo lekgolong ya dibanka ga jaana di akanyetsa kotsi ya seemo sa bosa fa di sekaseka bareki ba bašwa kgotsa mananeo, mme karolo ya masome a mabedi le boraro mo lekgolong e nngwe e solofetse go dira jalo mo isagong.<ref name=":20">Bank, European Investment (27 September 2023). [https://www.eib.org/en/publications/20230088-finance-in-africa ''Finance in Africa: Uncertain times, resilient banks: African finance at a crossroads''.] European Investment Bank. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-92-861-5598-7|978-92-861-5598-7]]</bdi>.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Green finance opportunities and products (% of surveyed African banks).png|thumb|Ditšhono tsa [[:en:Eco-investing|matlole a a matala]] le dithoto go tswa kwa dibankeng tse di dirilweng patlisiso mo patlisisong ya [[:en:European_Investment_Bank|Banka ya Dipeeletso ya karolokgolo ya lefatshe e enaleng mafatshe a mantsi ya Europe ya Banka mo Aforika]]<ref name=":21">"[https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Green_finance_opportunities_and_products_%28%25_of_surveyed_African_banks%29.png/960px-Green_finance_opportunities_and_products_%28%25_of_surveyed_African_banks%29.png Finance in Africa report finds that banks want to move faster into green lending]". ''European Investment Bank''. Retrieved 10 December 2021.</ref><ref name=":22">Bank, European Investment (18 November 2021). ''[https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Green_finance_opportunities_and_products_%28%25_of_surveyed_African_banks%29.png/960px-Green_finance_opportunities_and_products_%28%25_of_surveyed_African_banks%29.png Finance in Africa: for green, smart and inclusive private sector development]''. European Investment Bank. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-92-861-5063-0|<bdi>978-92-861-5063-0</bdi>.]]</ref>]] Maranyane a a tokafaditsweng a [[:en:Weather_forecasting|ponelopele ya maemo a]] [[:en:Weather_forecasting|tepo loapi]] mo Aforika e e kwa borwa jwa Sahara e botlhokwa go itsise tsibogelo ya phetogo ya seemo sa bosa,<ref name=":23">Youds, L.; Parker, D. J.; Adefisan, E. A.; Antwi-Agyei, P.; Bain, C. L.; Black, E. C. L.; Blyth, A. M.; Dougill, A. J.; Hirons, L. C. (13 May 2021). "[http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/174093/ GCRF African SWIFT White Paper Policy Brief: The future of African weather forecasting]". ''eprints.whiterose.ac.uk''. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.5518/100/67|10.5518/100/67]]. Retrieved 13 May 2021.</ref> go thusa go tsaya ditshwetso tse di amanang le go tlwaela phetogo ya seemo sa loapi ka sekai.<ref name=":23" /> Ka nako ya [[:en:Conference_of_the_parties|bokopano jwa masome a mabedi le bongwe ya Makoko]] (COP) ka ngwaga wa 2015, ditlhogo tsa mafatshe tsa Aforika di thakgotse [[:en:African_Adaptation_Initiative_(AAI)|Letsholo la Tlwaelo ya Aforika (AAI)]]. Komiti e e tsamaisang ya AAI e bopilwe ke Biro ya Bokopano jwa Ditona tsa Aforika ka ga Tikologo (AMCEN) le modulasetulo wa Setlhopha sa Babuisani ba Aforika (AGN).<ref>"[https://africaadaptationinitiative.org/ AAI]". Retrieved 4 August 2024.</ref> [[:en:African_Adaptation_Solutions_Challenge|Letsholo la go Tlwaela Aforika]] le lone le tshegediwa ke [[:en:European_Union|Kopano ya]] [[:en:European_Union|Europa]].<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20210510103326/https://www.africa.undp.org/content/rba/en/home/presscenter/pressreleases/2020/european-union-ramps-up-support-to-africa-adaptation-initiative-.html European Union ramps up support to Africa Adaptation Initiative]". ''United Nations Development Programme''. 22 January 2020.</ref> Kopano ya Europe e [[:en:African_Union#Africa%E2%80%93EU_relations|dirisane mmogo le Kopano ya Aforika]] mo go rotloetseng taolo ya metswedi e e tswelelang, go [[:en:Climate_change_adaptation|itsetsepela mo tikologong]], le go [[:en:Climate_change_mitigation|fokotsa phetogo ya]] [[:en:Climate_change_mitigation|seemo sa bosa]]<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20210510085847/https://africa-eu-partnership.org/en/strategic-priority-areas/strengthening-resilience-peace-security-and-governance Strengthening Resilience, Peace, Security and Governance]". Archived from [https://africa-eu-partnership.org/en/strategic-priority-areas/strengthening-resilience-peace-security-and-governance the original] on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 13 December 2023.</ref> Mo maemong a kgaolo, melawana le dikgato tse di tshegetsang tlwaelo go ralala Aforika di santse di le mo tshimologong. [[:en:IPCC_Fifth_Assessment_Report|Pegelo ya Botlhano ya Tlhatlhobo ya IPCC]] (AR5) e tlhagisa dikao tsa maano a tiro a a farologaneng a kgaolo a phetogo ya seemo sa bosa, go akaretsa le a a tlhamilweng ke [[:en:Southern_African_Development_Community|Setšhaba sa Tlhabololo sa Borwa jwa Aforika]] (SADC) le Komiti ya Letsha la Victoria.<ref name=":16">''[https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/02/WGIIAR5-Chap22_FINAL.pdf Africa. In: Climate change 2014: impacts, adaptation and vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change]'' (PDF). 2014.</ref> Mo maemong a bosetšhaba, maiteko a mantsi a go ikamanya a ntlha a ne a gokaganngwa ka [[:en:National_Adaptation_Programme_of_Action|Mananeo a Bosetšhaba a Tiro a go]] [[:en:National_Adaptation_Programme_of_Action|tlwaela]](di-NAPA) kgotsa Maano a Bosetšhaba a Tsibogelo ya Phetogo ya Seemo sa Bosa(NCCRS). Go tsenngwa mo tirisong go nnile bonya le fa go ntse jalo, ka katlego e e tlhakaneng mo kgorosong.<ref name=":25">Pardoe, Joanna; Conway, Declan; Namaganda, Emilinah; Vincent, Katharine; Dougill, Andy; Kashaigili, Japhet (2018). "[[doi:10.1080/14693062.2017.1386082|Climate Change and the Water-Energy-Food Nexus: Policy and Practice in Tanzania"]]. ''Climate Policy''. '''18''' (7): 863–877. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1080/14693062.2017.1386082|10.1080/14693062.2017.1386082]].</ref> Kopanyo ya phetogo ya seemo sa bosa le thulaganyo e e anameng ya itsholelo le tlhabololo e sa ntse e lekanyeditswe mme e a gola.<ref>Osman-Elasha, Balgis; Downing, Tom (2007). ''Lessons learned in preparing national adaptation programmes of action in Eastern and Southern Africa''. Stockholm Environment Institute.</ref><ref name=":16" /> Mo maemong a bosetšhabapotlana, bathati ba le bantsi ba karolo ya lefatshe ya province le ba mmasepala le bona ba tlhama maano a bone, sekai Leano la Tsibogelo ya Phetogo ya Seemo sa Bosa la Bophirima jwa Kapa.<ref>Western Cape Government (2014). [https://web.archive.org/web/20230220102835/https://www.westerncape.gov.za/text/2015/march/western_cape_climate_change_response_strategy_2014.pdf "Western Cape Climate Change Response Strategy"] (PDF). Archived from [https://www.westerncape.gov.za/text/2015/march/western_cape_climate_change_response_strategy_2014.pdf the original] (PDF) on 20 February 2023. Retrieved 8 March 2021.</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, maemo a bokgoni jwa maranyane le didirisiwa tse di leng teng go diragatsa maano ka kakaretso a kwa tlase. Go nnile le tlhokomelo e e bonalang go ralala Aforika e e neetsweng go diragatsa mananeo a tlwaelo a a ikaegileng ka baagi. Go na le tumalano e e anameng ya gore tshegetso ya go tlwaela maemo a selegae e fitlhelelwa botoka ka go simolola ka bokgoni jo bo leng teng jwa go tlwaela selegae, le go dirisana le kitso le ditiro tsa selegae.<ref>Ofoegbu, Chidiebere; Chirwa, Paxie; Francis, Joseph; Babalola, Folaranmi (15 May 2017). "Assessing vulnerability of rural communities to climate change: A review of implications for forest-based livelihoods in South Africa". ''International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management''. '''9''' (3): 374–386. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1108/IJCCSM-04-2016-0044|10.1108/IJCCSM-04-2016-0044.]] [[:en:Hdl_(identifier)|hdl]]:[[hdl:2263/61659|2263/61659]].</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Climate risk approach (% of surveyed African banks).png|thumb|Maduo a a malebana le mokgwa wa dibanka tsa Aforika wa go lebana le dikotsi tsa seemo sa bosa(karolo mo lekgolong ya dibanka tse di dirilweng patlisiso) go tswa mo patlisisong ya Banka ya Dipeeletso ya Europe ya ngwaga wa 2021]] [[:en:Intergovernmental_Panel_on_Climate_Change|IPCC]] e tlhagisa mekgwa e le mmalwa e e atlegileng ya go rotloetsa go tlwaela maemo a a atlegileng mo Aforika, e tlhalosa melawana e le metlhano e e tshwanang.<ref name=":16" /> Tseno di akaretsa: # Go tokafatsa tshegetso ya mefuta e e ikemetseng ya go tlwaela; # Go oketsa tlhokomelo mo dikakanyo tsa setso, maitsholo, le ditshwanelo tsa go tlwaela (bogolo jang ka go tsaya karolo ka matlhagatlhaga ga basadi, bašwa, le batho ba ba humanegileng le ba ba mo kotsing mo ditirong tsa go tlwaela) # Go kopanya dikgetho tsa "tsela e e bonolo" le mekgwa ya go ithuta e e fetofetogang le e e ipoeletsang le mekgwa ya maranyane le ya mafaratlhatlha (go akaretsa le go kopanya kitso ya saense, ya selegae, le ya selegae mo go tlhameng maano a go tlwaela) # Go tsepamisa mogopolo mo go tokafatseng go itsetsepela le go diragatsa dikgetho tsa go tlwaela tse di sa ikotlhaeleng; le # Go aga taolo ya go tlwaela le go rotloetsa thulaganyo ya go ithuta ga loago le ga setheo go nna ditiro tsa go tlwaela. Pegelo ya Mokgatlho wa Lefatshe wa Boitekanelo wa "Tlwaelo ya Phetogo ya Tlelaemete mo Aforika Leano la Tiro la Lekala la Boitekanelo la ngwaga wa 2012 go ya kwa ngwageng wa 2016"<ref name=":24">World Health Organization. (2012). Adaptation to climate change in Africa plan of action for the health sector 2012–2016. Retrieved from http://www.afro.who.int/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=7699&Itemid=2593</ref> le ikaeletse go "tlamela ka tsibogo e e tseneletseng le e e theilweng mo bosuping e e gokagantsweng ya lekalana la tsa botsogo mo ditlhokegong tsa go ikamanya le phetogo ya seemo sa bosa sa mafatshe a Aforika gore di kgone go tshegetsa ditlamelo tsa di puso tsa Africa"<ref name=":24" /> Leano le akaretsa maikaelelo a a jaaka go oketsa ditiro tsa boitekanelo jwa setšhaba, go gokaganya maiteko mo maemong a boditšhabatšhaba, go nonotsha tirisanommogo le maiteko a tirisanommogo, le go rotloetsa dipatlisiso ka ga ditlamorago tsa phetogo ya seemo sa bosa mmogo le dikgato tse di atlegileng tse di tsewang mo baaging ba selegae go fokotsa ditlamorago tsa phetogo ya seemo sa bosa.<ref name=":24" /> Go ya ka [[:en:International_Monetary_Fund|Letlole la Boditšhabatšhaba la Madi]] (IMF), [[:en:Sub-Saharan_Africa|Aforika e e kwa Borwa jwa Sahara]] e tlhoka didikadike tsa di dolara di le masome a mararo go ya kwa masomeng a matlhano ya matlole a mangwe ngwaga le ngwaga go ikamanya le ditlamorago tsa phetogo ya seemo sa bosa.<ref name=":22" /><ref>"[https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2021/10/20/pr21306-sub-saharan-africa-one-planet-two-worlds-three-stories Sub-Saharan Africa: One Planet, Two Worlds, Three Stories]". ''IMF''. Retrieved 6 December 2021.</ref><ref>Dept, International Monetary Fund African (15 April 2020). ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20220523061856/https://www.elibrary.imf.org/view/books/086/28915-9781513536835-en/ch02.xml 2. Adapting to Climate Change in Sub-Saharan Africa]''. International Monetary Fund. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-5135-3683-5|<bdi>978-1-5135-3683-5</bdi>.]] Archived from [https://www.elibrary.imf.org/view/books/086/28915-9781513536835-en/ch02.xml the original] on 23 May 2022. Retrieved 13 December 2023.</ref> Matlole a seemo sa bosa kwa Botlhabagare le Bokone jwa Aforika a ne a le didikadike di le di olara di le masome a mararo le bobedi ntlha thataro ( karolo ya bobedi mo lekgolong ya palogotlhe ya lefatshe) ka ngwaga wa 2019 le ngwaga wa 2020, fa dipeeletso tsa seemo sa bosa kwa Aforika e e kwa Borwa jwa Sahara e ne e le didikadike di le di dolara tse masome a mane le boraro ntlha borobaboedi (karolo ya boraro mo lekgolong ya palogotlhe ya lefatshe).<ref name=":20" /><ref>[https://climatefundsupdate.org/publications/climate-finance-regional-briefing-middle-east-and-north-africa-2020/ "Climate Finance Regional Briefing: Middle East and North Africa (2020) - Climate Funds Update]". 15 March 2021. Retrieved 31 October 2023.</ref> Go ya ka thuto ya Banka ya [[:en:European_Investment_Bank|Dipeeletso tsa karolokgolo ya lefatshe e e naleng mafatshe a le mantsi mo teng ya Europe]] ya ngwaga wa 2021 ya Banking in Africa, ditheo tsa Aforika di ntse di ela hloko thata tlhokego ya buisana ka dikotsi tse bakwang ke phetogo ya seemo sa bosa mme di simolla go dirisa dikgonagalo tsa matlole a a matala. Sekai, karolo ya masome a matlhano le bone mo lekgolong ya dibanka tse di boditsweng mo patlisisong di bone phetogo ya seemo sa bosa jaaka tlhobaboroko ya togamaano, mme go feta karolo ya masome a mane mo lekgolong e ne e na le batho ba ba tsepamisitseng mogopolo mo dintlheng tse di amanang le seemo sa bosa.<ref>Importer, A. P. O. (18 November 2021). [https://africa.businessinsider.com/apo/eib-study-highlights-impact-of-covid-on-african-banks-and-business-financing-and/205d41n "EIB study highlights impact of COVID on African banks and business financing and opportunities for climate finance and digital transformation".] ''Business Insider Africa''. Retrieved 6 December 2021.</ref> Dibanka tsa Aforika e e kwa Borwa jwa Sahara di godisa ditshupetso tsa tsone tsa maranyane , tse di itlhaganedisitsweng ke leroborobo la COVID-19. Bontsi jwa dibanka tse di botsoloditsweng di boletse gore leroborobo le itlhaganedisitse lebelo la [[:en:Digital_transformation|phetogo ya]] [[:en:Digital_transformation|maranyane]] , le gore phetogo eno e tla nna ya sennelaruri.<ref>[https://www.eib.org/en/press/all/2021-165-eib-president-highlights-new-gender-and-digital-investment-initiatives-to-accelerate-economic-recovery-across-africa "EIB President highlights new gender and digital investment initiatives to accelerate economic recovery across Africa]". ''European Investment Bank''. Retrieved 6 December 2021.</ref><ref>[https://www.eib.org/attachments/thematic/the_eib_development_report_2021_en.pdf "European Investment Bank Development Report]" (PDF). [https://web.archive.org/web/20210616085058/https://www.eib.org/attachments/thematic/the_eib_development_report_2021_en.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 16 June 2021.</ref><ref name=":22" /> Bahumanegi le ba ba sa sireletsegang ke bone ba ba tlhaselwang motlhofo thata, mme go ka direga gore badiri ba batswakwa, batshabi le ditlhopha tse dingwe tse di kgaphetsweng kwa thoko ke bone ba ba bogang thata. GDP ka tlhogo ga e kgonagale go boela kwa maemong a ngwaga wa 2019 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2024, ka dikotsi tse di sekamelang kwa tlase, mme mathata a buseditse morago kwelotlase e e bonelwang pele ya palo ya batho ba ba humanegileng, go ya ka IMF. Fa go bapisiwa le diponelopele tsa pele ga mathata, se se ka felela ka gore batho ba bangwe ba le didikadike di le masome a mararo kwa Aforika e e kwa Borwa jwa Sahara ba tshele mo lehumeng le le feteletseng ka ngwaga wa 2021, mmogo le ba bangwe ba le didikadike di le robongwe kwa lefelong la [[:en:MENA|Botlhabagare jwa Bophirima le Bokone jwa Aforika]] (MENA).<ref>Selassie, Abebe Aemro; Department, Habtamu Fuje IMF African. [https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2021/10/20/na102021-seven-charts-that-show-sub-saharan-africa-at-a-crucial-point "Seven Charts that Show Sub-Saharan Africa at a Crucial Point]". ''IMF''. Retrieved 6 December 2021.</ref> Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2023, mo e ka nnang nngwe mo borarong jwa matlole otlhe a seemo sa bosa sa Aforika a elela kwa mebarakeng e metlhano e megolo: [[:en:Morocco|Morocco]] (karolo ya bosupa mo lekgolong ya dipeeletso tsa seemo sa bosa ya Aforika ka ngwaga wa 2019 le 2022), [[:en:Nigeria|Nigeria]] (karolo ya bosupa mo lekgolong ), [[:en:Kenya|Kenya]] ( karolo ya bosupa mo lekgolong), Ethiopia ( karolo ya borataro mo lekgolong), le Aforika Borwa (karolo ya botlhano mo lekgolong ).<ref name=":20" /> Mo dingwageng di le lesome tse di fetileng, dipeeletso tse di tlhamaletseng tsa kwa ntle tsa lefatshe ka bophara di wetse tlase ka seelo sa karolo ya boraro mo lekgolong ka ngwaga, ka seabe sa Aforika sa lefatshe se wetse tlase go tswa go karolong ya lesome le bobedi mo lekgolong ka ngwaga wa 2017 go ya kwa tlase ga karolo ya borataro mo lekgolong ka ngwaga wa 2021.<ref name=":20" /><ref>"[https://unctad.org/publication/world-investment-report-2023 World Investment Report 2023"]. ''UNCTAD''. Retrieved 31 October 2023.</ref> === Dikgato tsa go tlwaela Aforika Bokone === [[Setshwantsho:Climate change specific personnel (% of surveyed African banks).png|thumb|Badiri ba ba rileng ba phetogo ya seemo sa bosa mo dibankeng tsa Aforika tse di dirilweng dipatlisiso mo patlisisong ya Banka ya Dipeeletso ya Europe ya Banka mo Aforika<ref name=":21" /><ref name=":22" /> (% ya dibanka tsa Aforika tse di dirilweng dipatlisiso)]] Diphetogo tse di botlhokwa kwa bokone jwa Aforika di amana le kotsi e e oketsegileng ya tlhaelo ya metsi (e e tlholwang ke kopano ya phetogo ya seemo sa bosa se se amang go nna teng ga metsi le tlhokego e e oketsegang). Go fokotsega ga go nna teng ga metsi, ka fa letlhakoreng le lengwe, go dirisana le megote e e oketsegang go tlhola tlhokego ya go tlwaela mo gare ga tlhagiso ya korong e e fepiwang ka pula. <ref>Hegazy, A. K.; Medany, M. A.; Kabiel, H. F.; Maez, M. M. (2008). "Spatial and temporal projected distribution of four crop plants in Egypt". ''Natural Resources Forum''. '''32''' (4): 316–326. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008NRF....32..316H 2008NRF....32..316H.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1111/j.1477-8947.2008.00205.x|10.1111/j.1477-8947.2008.00205.x.]]</ref><ref>Drine, I. (May 2011). [https://www.wider.unu.edu/publication/climate-change-compounding-risks-north-africa "Climate Change Compounding Risks in North Africa"]. ''United Nations University-World Institute for Development Economics Research (UNU-WIDER)'' (Working Paper No. 32).</ref> le go fetoga ga kotsi ya malwetse (sekao go tswa mo leishmaniasis).<ref>Bounoua, L.; Kahime, K.; Houti, L.; Blakey, T.; Ebi, K.L.; Zhang, P.; Imhoff, M.L.; Thome, K.J.; Dudek, C. (2013). "[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3774431 Linking climate to incidence of zoonotic cutaneous Leishmaniasis (L. major) in Pre-Saharan North Africa]". ''International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health''. '''10''' (8) 3172–3191. Bibcode:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013IJERP..10.3172B 2013IJERP..10.3172B.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.3390/ijerph10083172|10.3390/ijerph10083172.]] [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Climate_change_specific_personnel_%28%25_of_surveyed_African_banks%29.png/960px-Climate_change_specific_personnel_%28%25_of_surveyed_African_banks%29.png 3774431]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23912199 23912199].</ref><ref>Toumi, Amine; Chlif, Sadok; Bettaieb, Jihene; Alaya, Nissaf Ben; Boukthir, Aicha; Ahmadi, Zaher E.; Salah, Afif Ben (May 2012). Ozcel, Mehmet Ali (ed.). "[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3341328 Temporal Dynamics and Impact of Climate Factors on the Incidence of Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Central Tunisia]". ''PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases''. '''6''' (5) e1633. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Climate_change_specific_personnel_%28%25_of_surveyed_African_banks%29.png/960px-Climate_change_specific_personnel_%28%25_of_surveyed_African_banks%29.png 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001633]. [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3341328 3341328]. [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Climate_change_specific_personnel_%28%25_of_surveyed_African_banks%29.png/960px-Climate_change_specific_personnel_%28%25_of_surveyed_African_banks%29.png PMID]&#x20;[https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Climate_change_specific_personnel_%28%25_of_surveyed_African_banks%29.png/960px-Climate_change_specific_personnel_%28%25_of_surveyed_African_banks%29.png 22563513].</ref>Bontsi jwa dikgato tsa puso tsa go tlwaela di ikaegile ka letlhakore la tlamelo ya metsi, sekai ka go ntsha letswai, go fetisetsa magareng ga mekgatsha le kago ya matamo.<ref>Sowers, Jeannie; Vengosh, Avner; Weinthal, Erika (February 2011). "Climate change, water resources, and the politics of adaptation in the Middle East and North Africa". ''Climatic Change''. '''104''' (3–4): 599–627. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011ClCh..104..599S 2011ClCh..104..599S.] doi:[[doi:10.1007/s10584-010-9835-4|10.1007/s10584-010-9835-4.]] [[:en:Hdl_(identifier)|hdl]]:[[hdl:10161/6460|10161/6460]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:37329318 37329318].</ref> Go fuduga gape go lemogilwe go dira jaaka tlwaelo ya batho le malapa kwa bokone jwa Aforika.<ref>Scheffran, Jürgen; Marmer, Elina; Sow, Papa (April 2012). "Migration as a contribution to resilience and innovation in climate adaptation: Social networks and co-development in Northwest Africa". ''Applied Geography''. '''33''': 119–127. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012AppGe..33..119S 2012AppGe..33..119S.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.apgeog.2011.10.002|10.1016/j.apgeog.2011.10.002.]]</ref> Jaaka dikgaolo tse dintsi, le fa go ntse jalo, dikao tsa kgato ya go tlwaela (go farologana le maikaelelo a go tsaya kgato, kgotsa ditshekatsheko tsa go nna mo kotsing) go tswa kwa Aforika bokone di lekanyeditswe – tshekatsheko e e rulagantsweng e e gatisitsweng ka ngwaga wa 2011 e bontshitse gore ke fela sekao se le sengwe mo go tse masome a borobabobedi le bosupa sa go tlwaela se se begilweng se se tswang kwa Aforika Bokone.<ref>Berrang-Ford, Lea; Ford, James D.; Peterson, Jaclyn (2011). "Are we adapting to climate change?". ''Global Environmental Change''. '''21''' (1): 25–33. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011GEC....21...25B 2011GEC....21...25B]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2010.09.012|10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2010.09.012.]]</ref> === Dikgato tsa go tlwaela Aforika Bophirima === ''Tshedimosetso e nngwe: [[:en:Climate_change_adaptation_in_Ghana|Go tlwaela phetogo ya]]'' ''[[:en:Climate_change_adaptation_in_Ghana|seemo sa bosa kwa Ghana]]'' Go nna teng ga metsi ke kotsi e e rileng mo Bophirima jwa Aforika , ka ditiragalo tse di feteletseng jaaka komelelo tse di lebisang kwa [[:en:Humanitarian_crisis|mathateng a botho]] a a amanang le mauba a nako le nako, go tlhoka tshireletsego ya dijo, go fuduga ga baagi, go fuduga le dikgotlhang le go tlhoka tshireletsego. Maano a go tlwaela e ka nna a tikologo, setso/temothuo le itsholelo.<ref>Shaibu, M. T.; Alhassan, S. I.; Panyan, E. K.; Avornyo, F. K.; Konlan, S. P.; Salifu, S. (2018). [https://www.ajol.info/index.php/wajae/article/view/182464 "An Assessment of Institutional Importance of Climate Change Adaptation in the Volta River Basin of Northern Ghana".] ''West African Journal of Applied Ecology''. '''26''': 27–40.</ref> Maano a go tlwaela a bonala mo lephateng la temothuo, a mangwe a one a tlhamiwang kgotsa a rotloediwa ke diteišene tsa semmuso tsa dipatlisiso kgotsa tsa ditekelelo.<ref name=":26">Kuwornu, John K. M.; Al-Hassan, Ramatu M.; Etwire, Prince Maxwell; Osei-Owusu, Yaw (2013). [[doi:10.22610/imbr.v5i5.1047|"Adaptation strategies of smallholder farmers to climate change and variability: Evidence from northern Ghana"]]. ''Information Management and Business Review''. '''5''' (5): 233–239. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.22610/imbr.v5i5.1047|10.22610/imbr.v5i5.1047]].</ref> Diphetogo tsa temothuo tsa tlholego tse di lemogilweng kwa bokone jwa Ghana di amana le dijalo, di amana le mmu kgotsa di akaretsa mekgwa ya setso.<ref name=":26" /><ref>Alhassan, S. I.; Shaibu, M. T.; Kuwornu, J. K. M.; Damba, O. T. (2018). "[https://www.ajol.info/index.php/wajae/article/view/182462 Factors Influencing Farmers' Awareness and Choice of Indigenous Practices in Adapting to Climate Change and Variability in Northern Ghana"]. ''West African Journal of Applied Ecology''. '''26''': 1–13.</ref>Diphetogo tsa temothuo tse di ikaegileng ka leruo di akaretsa maano a selegae a a jaaka go fetola bontsi jwa dijo go fepa leruo, go boloka dijo tse di lekaneng mo pakeng e e nang le dijo tse dintsi go fepiwa leruo ka paka e e senang mafura, go alafa dintho ka tharabololo ya makwati a a rileng a ditlhare, le go boloka mefuta ya selegae e e setseng e tlwaetse seemo sa bosa sa Ghana se se setseng se tlwaetse <ref>Shaibu, M. T.; Alhassan, I. S.; Avornyo, F. K.; Lawson, E. T.; Mensah, A.; Gordon, C. (2019). "Perceptions and Determinants of the Adoption of Indigenous Strategies for Adaptation to Climate Change: Evidence from Smallholder Livestock Farmers, North-West Ghana". In Kuwornu, J. K. M. (ed.). ''Climate Change in Sub-saharan Africa: The vulnerability and adaptation of food supply chains actors''. Vernon Press. pp.&#x20;223–240.</ref>; maranyane a tlhagiso go akaretsa tsadiso, boitekanelo, dijo/kotla le matlo.<ref>"[https://www.fao.org/4/v8180t/v8180t0y.htm A classification of livestock production systems]". ''www.fao.org''. Retrieved 4 August 2024.</ref> Tlhopho le kamogelo ya maano a go tlwaela go ikaegile ka dintlha tse di farologaneng tsa dipalo palojaaka bogolo jwa lelapa, dingwaga, bong le thuto ya tlhogo ya lelapa; dintlha tsa itsholelo jaaka motswedi wa lotseno; bogolo jwa polase; kitso ya dikgetho tsa go tlwaela; le tebelelo ya ditebelelo tsa isago.<ref>Apata, T. G. (2011). "Factors influencing the perception and choice of adaptation measures to climate change among farmers in Nigeria. Evidence from farm households in Southwest Nigeria". ''Environmental Economics''. '''2''' (4): 74–83.</ref> === Dikgato tsa go tlwaela Aforika Botlhaba === Mo Aforika Botlhaba dikgetho tsa go tlwaela di farologane, go akaretsa le go tokafatsa tiriso ya tshedimosetso ya seemo sa bosa , dikgato mo lephateng la temothuo le leruo, le mo lephateng la metsi. Go dirisa botoka tshedimosetso ya seemo sa bosa le maemo a bosa, ponelopele ya maemo a bosa, le didirisiwa tse dingwe tsa taolo go kgontsha tshedimosetso ka nako le go ipaakanyetsa ga batho mo makaleng a a jaaka temothuo a a ikaegileng ka dipoelo tsa maemo a bosa. Se se raya go nna le bokgoni jwa tshedimosetso ya metsi le bosa le dithulaganyo tsa tlhagiso ya go sa le gale.<ref>Snow, John (28 October 2016). ''[https://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/librarypage/climate-and-disaster-resilience-/weather-and-climate-systems---africa.html A New Vision for Weather and Climate Services in Africa]''. UNDP.</ref> Go ile ga ngangisanwa ka gore baagi ba tlholego ba na le kitso ka ga diphetogo tsa seemo sa boosa tsa ditso ka matshwao a tikologo (sekao, go tlhagelela le go fuduga ga dinonyane dingwe, dirurubele jalo jalo.), mme ka jalo go rotloetsa kitso ya tlholego go tserwe jaaka leano le le botlhokwa la go tlwaela. Go tlwaela mo lephateng la temothuo<ref>"[https://www.epa.gov/regulatory-information-sector/agriculture-sectors-crop-naics-111-and-animal-naics-112 Agriculture Sectors: Crop (NAICS 111) and Animal (NAICS 112)"]. 22 February 2013.</ref> go akaretsa tiriso e e oketsegileng ya motshotelo le monontsha o o rileng wa dijalo, tiriso ya mefuta e e emelanang le dijalo tse di butswang ka bonako. Motshotelo, mme bogolo jang motshotelo wa diphologolo go akanngwa gore o boloka metsi mme o na le ditshedinnye tse di botlhokwa tse di thubang dikotla go di dira gore di nne teng mo dimeleng, fa di bapisiwa le menontsha ya maitirelo e e nang le metswako e fa e gololwa mo tikologong ka ntlha ya tiriso e e feteletseng e gololang dighese tse di tshwarang mogote mo lefaufaung.<ref>[https://extension.psu.edu/biological-manipulation-of-manure-getting-what-you-want-from-animal-manure "Biological Manipulation of Manure: Getting What You Want from Animal Manure]". ''Penn State Extension''. Retrieved 24 November 2020.</ref> Bothata bongwe jo bogolo jwa lekalana la temothuo mo Aforika Botlhaba ke go ikaega ka temothuo e e nosediwang ka pula.<ref>Hengsdijk, H.; Smit, A. a. M. F. R.; Conijn, J. G.; Rutgers, B.; Biemans, H. (2014). Agricultural crop potentials and water use in East Africa (Report). Plant Research International. [[:en:OCLC_(identifier)|OCLC]] [https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/880257653 880257653].[page needed]</ref> Tharabololo ya go tlwaela ke mekgwa e e dirang sentle ya go nosetsa le poloko le tiriso e e dirang sentle ya metsi. [[:en:Drip_irrigation|Nosetso ya marothodi]] e supilwe bogolosegolo jaaka kgetho e e somarelang metsi ka ge e lebisa metsi kwa moding wa sejalo ka tshenyo e nnye. Mafatshe a a jaaka Rwanda le Kenya a tsentse kwa pele go tlhabolola mafelo a a nosediwang ka dithulaganyo tsa metsi a kgogedi go tswa mo melatswaneng le dinokeng tse di sa feleng mo dikgaolong tse di ka tlhaselwang ke komelelo e e tsayang nako e telele.<ref>Republic of Rwanda. "[https://unfccc.int/resource/docs/napa/rwa01e.pdf NAPA-RWANDA]" (PDF).</ref> Ka nako ya dipula tse di maatla, mafelo a mantsi a itemogela merwalela e e bakiwang ke mabala a a senang sepe ka ntlha ya go rengwa ga dikgwa le go nna le khurumetso e nnye ya lefatshe. Maano a go tlwaela a a ntshiwang mo go se ke go rotloetsa maiteko a tshomarelo mo tshireletsong ya lefatshe, ka go jala ditlhare tsa selegae, go sireletsa mafelo a kgobokanyo ya metsi le go laola mafatshe a phulo ka go aroganya.<ref>Abuya, Robina; Said, Mohammed; Atela, Joanes; Muhwanga, Joseph; Moiko, Stephen; Atieno, Fred; Ndiritu, Simon (2019). [https://web.archive.org/web/20190808104609/http://www.kenyamarkets.org/publications/kmt-prise-project/ "Contexualising Pathways to Resilience in Kenya's ASALs under the Big Four Agenda]". ''Kenya Markets Trust''. Archived from [http://www.kenyamarkets.org/publications/kmt-prise-project/ the original] on 8 August 2019. Retrieved 8 August 2019.</ref> Mo lekalaneng la leruo, dikgetho tsa tlwaelo di akaretsa go laola tlhagiso ka [[:en:Sustainable_agriculture|tsamaiso ya lefatshe le mafulo e e tswelelang]] mo dithulaganyong tsa tikologo. Se se akaretsa go rotloetsa mekgwa ya tlhagiso ya bojang le dijo tsa leru sekai ka nosetso le tiriso ya metsi a a phepafaditsweng a matlakala, le go tsepamisa mogopolo mo go beeletseng mo polokelong ya bojang go dirisiwa ka dipaka tsa komelelo. Go rua leruo go tsewa e le tsela ya go itshetsa go na le go nna tiro ya itsholelo. Go ralala mafatshe otlhe a Botlhaba jwa Aforika bogolosegolo mo dikgaolong tsa ASALs, go ngangisanwa ka gore go rotloetsa kgwebo ya leruo ke kgetho ya go tlwaela.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190808104609/http://www.kenyamarkets.org/publications/political-economy-analysis-of-kenyas-livestock-sector-abridged-version/ "Political Economy Analysis of Kenya's Livestock Sector (Abridged Version)"]. ''Kenya Markets Trust''. Archived from [http://www.kenyamarkets.org/publications/political-economy-analysis-of-kenyas-livestock-sector-abridged-version/ the original] on 8 August 2019. Retrieved 8 August 2019.</ref> Se se akaretsa go amogela dikai tsa itsholelo mo tlhagisong ya dijo tsa leruo, go latedisa diphologolo, go rotloetsa tlhokego ya ditlhagiswa tsa leruo jaaka nama, mashi le letlalo le go golaganya le mebaraka e e kgethegileng go tokafatsa dikgwebo le go tlamela ka lotseno lo lo ka dirisiwang.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20190808104612/http://www.kenyamarkets.org/publications/kenya-meat-end-market-trends-study/ Kenya Meat End-Market Trends Study]". ''Kenya Markets Trust''. Archived from [http://www.kenyamarkets.org/publications/kenya-meat-end-market-trends-study/ the original] on 8 August 2019. Retrieved 8 August 2019.</ref> Mo lekalaneng la metsi, dikgetho di akaretsa tiriso e e siameng ya metsi mo malapeng, diphologolo le tiriso ya madirelo le tshireletso ya metswedi ya metsi. Matsholo a a jaaka go jala ditlhare tsa tlholego mo [[:en:Catchment_area|mafelong a metsi a kokoanngwang]], go laola ditiro tsa batho gaufi le mafelo a a kokoanyang metsi bogolo jang temothuo le bonno a dirilwe go thusa go sireletsa metswedi ya metsi le go bona phitlhelelo ya metsi go baagi bogolosegolo ka nako ya ditshupo tsa seemo sa bosa. '''Comoros''' – "NAPA ke katoloso ya tiro ya Pampiri ya Togamaano ya Phokotso ya Lehuma (PRSP), ka gonne e akaretsa gareng ga ditlapele tsa yone tsa go tlwaela, temothuo, go tshwara ditlhapi, metsi, matlo, boitekanelo, mme gape le bojanala, ka tsela e e sa tlhamalalang, Ka go busetsa popego ya mekgatšha ya mekgokolosa ya dithaba le go lwantsha kgogolego ya mmu, go sirelediwa mafika ka go fokotsa go tladiwa ga ona ke seretse le mmu tse di tlisiwang ke lefatshe.<ref>"&#x5B;[https://www.preventionweb.net/files/8507_com01e.pdf pdf]&#x5D;" (PDF). ''www.preventionweb.net''.</ref>" '''Lefatshe la Kenya''' e gatisitse Molao wa Phetogo ya Seemo sa Bosa, ka ngwaga wa 2016 o o tlhomang bothati jwa go okamela tlhabololo, taolo, tiragatso le taolo ya mekgwa ya go tokafatsa nonofo ya phetogo ya seemo sa bosa le tlhabololo e e kwa tlase ya khabone go bona tlhabololo e e tswelelang, ke Mebuso ya Bosetšhaba le ya Dikgaolo, lekala le e seng la puso le setšhaba se sengwe sa baagi,. Kenya gape e tlhamile Leanotiro la Bosetšhaba la Phetogo ya Seemo sa Bosa(NCCAP 2018–2022 Le bolokilwe ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2019 kwa [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Motšhineng wa Wayback]]) le le ikaeletseng go tsweletsa maikaelelo a tlhabololo a lefatshe ka go tlamela ka mekgwa le dikgato tsa go fitlhelela tlhabololo e e kgonang go emelana le seemo sa bosa se se nang le khabone e e kwa tlase ka tsela e e dirang gore go nne le khabone e e kwa tlase. === Dikgato tsa go tlwaela Aforika Bogare === '''Angola''' – "Maikaelelo a Mananeo a Bosetšhaba a Tiro a go Tlwaetsa Maemo ke go supa le go itsise ka ditlhokego tse di potlakileng le tsa ka bonako tsa lefatshe mabapi le go tlwaela phetogo ya seemo sa bosa, go oketsa nonofo ya Angola mo diphetogong tsa seemo sa bosa le mo phetogong ya seemo sa bosa go netefatsa phitlhelelo ya mananeo a phokotso ya lehuma, tlhabololo e e tswelelang pele Puso."<ref>''Analysis of Human Rights Language in the Cancun Agreements UNFCCC 16th Session of the Conference of the Parties'', [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1163/2210-7975_hrd-9986-0022|10.1163/2210-7975_hrd-9986-0022]]</ref> === Dikgato tsa go tlwaela borwa jwa Aforika === Go nnile le maiteko a le mmalwa mo dilekanong tsa selegae (tse di kgethegileng tsa lefelo), tsa selegae, tsa bosetšhaba le tsa kgaolo tse di ikaeletsweng go matlafatsa phetogo ya seemo sa bosa. Dingwe tsa tsone ke: Lenaneo la Phetogo ya Seemo sa Bosa la Kgaolo (RCCP),<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20220808044011/https://oneworldgroup.co.za/oneworld-projects/southern-african-regional-climate-change-programme-rccp/ Regional Climate Change Programme, Southern Africa]". ''OneWorld''. Retrieved 8 August 2019.</ref> SASSCAL,<ref>"[http://www.sasscal.org/ SASSCAL – Southern African Science Service Centre for Climate Change and Adaptive Land Management]". Retrieved 8 August 2019.</ref> ASSAR,<ref>"[http://www.assar.uct.ac.za/ Adaptation at Scale in Semi-Arid Regions]". ''www.assar.uct.ac.za''. Retrieved 8 August 2019.</ref> Tlwaelo ya Phetogo ya Seemo sa Bosa ya [[:en:United_Nations_Development_Programme|UNDP]],<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20190808131738/https://www.adaptation-undp.org/explore/southern-africa Southern Africa]". ''UNDP Climate Change Adaptation''. Archived from [https://www.adaptation-undp.org/explore/southern-africa the original] on 8 August 2019. Retrieved 8 August 2019.</ref> RESILIM,<ref>''Risk, Vulnerability & Resilience in the Limpopo River basin: Climate Change, water and biodiversity – a synthesis''. OneWorld. 2015.</ref> <ref>''Resilience in the Limpopo Basin (RESILIM) Program''. Chemonics International Inc. 2017.</ref>FRACTAL.<ref>"[http://www.fractal.org.za/ FRACTAL — Future Resilience for African CiTies And Lands]". Retrieved 8 August 2019.</ref> Aforikaborwa e tsentse tirisong Lenaneo la Patlisiso la Ditiragalo tsa Paka e Telele la Tlwaelo (LTAS) go tloga ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2012 go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo ka ngwaga wa 2014. Patlisiso e gape e ne ya tlhagisa dipampiri tsa dintlha le pegelo ya maranyane e e akaretsang kgaolo ya SADC e e bidiwang "Tlwaelo ya Phetogo ya Seemo sa bosa: Dipono tsa [[:en:Southern_African_Development_Community|Baagi ba Tlhabololo ya]] [[:en:Southern_African_Development_Community|Borwa jwa Aforika]] (SADC].<ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20201124013002/https://www.environment.gov.za/sites/default/files/reports/ltasfactsheet_perspectiveforSADC.pdf Climate change adaptation: Southern African Development Community (SADC])'' (PDF). Archived from [https://www.environment.gov.za/sites/default/files/reports/ltasfactsheet_perspectiveforSADC.pdf the original] (PDF) on 24 November 2020. Retrieved 8 March 2021.</ref> '''Lefatshe la Madagascar''' – makalana a a tlang pele a go tlwaela ke: temothuo le leruo, dikgwa, boitekanelo jwa setšhaba, metswedi ya metsi le dikgaolo tsa lebopo.<ref>"[http://www.ldc-climate.org/country/madagascar/ Madagascar]". ''LDC Climate Change''. 6 January 2018.</ref> '''Lefatshe la Malawi''' – NAPA e supa tse di latelang jaaka ditiro tse di botlhokwa thata tsa go tlwaela seemo sa bosa: "Go tokafatsa nonofo ya baagi mo phetogong ya seemo sa bosa ka tlhabololo ya matshelo a a tswelelang kwa magaeng, Go busetsa dikgwa mo dikgobokelong tsa metsi tsa Upper le Lower Shire Valleys go fokotsa go tlhotlhorega ga seretse le mathata a a amanang le kelelo ya metsi, Go tokafatsa tlhagiso ya temothuo le phetogo ya seemo sa bosa, Go ipaakanyetsa ga Malawi go samagana le komelelo le merwalela, le Go tokafatsa go ela tlhoko seemo sa bosa go tokafatsa bokgoni jwa Malawi jwa go tlhagisa go sa le gale le go tsaya ditshwetso le tiriso e e tswelelang ya ditsompelo tsa [[:en:Lake_Malawi|Letsha la Malawi]] le mafelo a a mo lotshitshing lwa letsha<ref>[http://www.unfccc.int/resource/docs/napa/mwi01.pdf "REPUBLIC OF MALAWI. MALAWI'S NATIONAL ADAPTATION PROGRAMMES OF ACTION (NAPA]) ." (PDF).</ref>". Mme go ya ka Pegelo ya Seemo sa Bosa le Tlhabololo ya Lefatshe ya Banka ya Lefatshe (CCDR) ya Malawi, e ka "tsaya dikgato tsa go simolola dipeeletso mo mafaratlhatlheng a a kgonang go emelana le tlelaemete le go emisa go senyega ga lefatshe le go latlhegelwa ke dikgwa go tokafatsa ntshodikuno ya temothuo le go tshwara khabone" <ref>"[https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2022/10/27/climate-informed-economic-development-key-to-malawi-s-future-growth-and-resilience Climate-Informed Economic Development Key to Malawi's Future Growth and Resilience]". ''World Bank''.</ref>". '''Lefatshe la Mauritius''' – tlwaelo e tshwanetse go samagana le mafelo a a latelang a a tlang pele: metswedi ya lebopo, temothuo, metswedi ya metsi, botshwaraditlhapi, boitekanelo le itekanelo, [[:en:Land_use_change|phetogo ya tiriso ya lefatshe]] le dikgwa le mefutafuta ya ditshedi.<ref>"[https://www.adaptation-undp.org/explore/eastern-africa/mauritius Mauritius]". ''UNDP Climate Change Adaptation''. 27 November 2018. Retrieved 8 August 2019.</ref> '''Lefatshe la Mozambique''' – "Maiteko a a tshitshintsweng a go tlwaela maemo a lebile mafelo a a farologaneng a tlhabololo ya itsholelo le loago, mme a tlhalosa mananeo tse di amanang le phokotso ya ditlamorago tsa masetlapelo a tlholego, go tlhama dikgato tsa go tlwaela phetogo ya seemo sa bosa, go lwantsha kgogolego ya mmu mo mafelong a a nang le sekaka se se kwa godimo le dikgaolo tsa mabopo, go jala dikgwa sešwa le go laola metsi." '''Lefatshe la Rwanda''' e tlhamile Lenaneo la Tiro la Bosetšhaba la Tlwaelo (NAPA 2006) le le nang le tshedimosetso ya go kaela badirapholisi ba bosetšhaba le barulaganyi ka ga makoa a a tlang pele le tlwaelo mo makaleng a a botlhokwa a itsholelo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220207011141/https://www.climatelinks.org/sites/default/files/asset/document/rwanda_adaptation_fact_sheet_jan2012.pdf "Climate Change Adaptation in Rwanda]" (PDF). ''USAID''. January 2012.</ref> Naga gape e tlhamile melawana e e ikaegileng ka lekalana ka ga go ikamanya le phetogo ya seemo sa bosa jaaka Ponelopele ya ngwaga wa [[:en:Vision_2020_(Rwanda)|2020]], Melawana ya Bosetšhaba ya Tikologo le Melawana ya Temothuo gareng ga tse dingwe.<ref>Ochieng, Cosmas; Khaemba, Winnie; Mwaniki, Ruchathi; Kimotho, Stephen (September 2017). ''Climate Change Adaptation in Rwanda's Agricultural Sector: A Case Study from Kirehe District, Eastern Province''. Defending the Voiceless - Climate and Environmental Justice in Africa.</ref> '''Lefatshe la Tanzania''' – Tanzania e tlhalositse dikgato tsa tlwaelo tse di tlang pele mo NAPA ya bona, le maano a a farologaneng a lekala la bosetšhaba le dipholo tsa patlisiso.<ref>USAID. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20211231235521/https://www.climatelinks.org/sites/default/files/asset/document/tanzania_adaptation_fact_sheet_jan2012.pdf Climate Change Adaptation in Tanzania]" (PDF). ''USAID''.</ref> NAPA e atlegile mo go rotloetseng phetogo ya seemo sa bosa go tsenngwa mo melawaneng ya lekalana kwa Tanzania; le fa go ntse jalo, tirisanommogo ya makala a a farologaneng e e botlhokwa mo go tsenyeng tirisong maano a go ikamanya e santse e lekanyeditswe ka ntlha ya dikgwetlho tsa setheo tse di jaaka go sa lekalekane ga maatla, dikgoreletsi tsa tekanyetsokabo le mokgwa o o tseneletseng wa makala.<ref name=":25" /> Bontsi jwa mananeo a kwa Tanzania a amana le temothuo le taolo ya metswedi ya metsi (nosetso, go somarela metsi, go kokoanya metsi a pula); le fa go ntse jalo, maatla le bojanala le tsone di na le seabe se se botlhokwa.<ref>"[https://www.adaptation-undp.org/explore/eastern-africa/united-republic-tanzania United Republic of Tanzania]". ''UNDP Climate Change Adaptation''. Retrieved 8 August 2019.</ref> '''Lefatshe la Zambia''' – "NAPA e supa ditlhokego di le masome a mararo le borobabongwe tsa go tlwaela maemo a a potlakileng le mafelo a le lesome a a tlang pele mo makaleng a temothuo le tshireletsego ya dijo (leruo, botshwaraditlhapi le dijalo), maatla le metsi, boitekanelo jwa batho, metswedi ya tlholego le diphologolo tsa lefatshe."<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20190829030222/http://theredddesk.org/countries/plans/national-adaptation-programme-action-climate-change-zambia National Adaptation Programme of Action on Climate Change (Zambia)]". ''The REDD Desk''. Archived from the original on 29 August 2019. Retrieved 8 August 2019.</ref> '''Lefatshe la Zimbabwe''' – "Ditsereganyo tse dingwe tsa togamaano tsa thulaganyo ya NAP e tla nna: Go nonotsha seabe sa lekala le e seng la puso mo thulaganyong ya tlwaelo, Go tokafatsa bokgoni jwa Puso jwa go tlhama mananeo a a ka dirisiwang mo bankeng ka dikatiso, Go tokafatsa taolo ya tshedimosetso ya lemorago ya seemo sa bosa go sedimosa thulaganyo ya phetogo ya seemo sa bosa jaaka leano la boditšhabatšhaba la go supa matlole le go kokoanya seemo sa bosa dikopo tsa matlole di tsiboga thata ga jaana, di tlhomile mogopolo mo thusong ya tshoganyetso go na le go fokotsa dikotsi tsa phetogo ya seemo sa bosa, go ipaakanyetsa le go tlwaela, Go tlhama melawana e e gokagantsweng ya go ela tlhoko le go sekaseka mananeo le mananeo, ka gonne ditheo di le dintsi mo teng ga puso ga jaanong jaana ga di na mokgwa o o rulagantsweng wa go ela tlhoko le go sekaseka."<ref>"[http://www.napglobalnetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/napgn-en-2019-nap-roadmap-for-zimbabwe.pdf National Adaptation Plan (NAP) Roadmap for Zimbabwe]" (PDF). ''NAP Global Network''. April 2019.</ref> '''Lefatshe la Lesotho''' – "Maikaelelo a konokono a thulaganyo ya NAPA a akaretsa: go supa baagi le matshelo a a mo [[:en:Climate_change_vulnerability|kotsing thata ya phetogo ya]] [[:en:Climate_change_vulnerability|seemo sa bosa]] , go tlhama lenaane la ditiro tse di tla bopang konokono ya lenaneo la bosetšhaba la tiro la go tlwaela seemo sa bosa, le go tlhaeletsana ka ditlhokego tsa lefatshe tsa ka bonako le tse di potlakileng le ditlapele tsa go aga bokgoni jwa go tlwaela phetogo ya seemo sa bosa].<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20221006210644/https://www.adaptation-undp.org/sites/default/files/downloads/lso_napa.pdf Lesotho's National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA) on Climate Change]" (PDF). Archived from [http://www.adaptation-undp.org/sites/default/files/downloads/lso_napa.pdf the original] (PDF) on 6 October 2022. Retrieved 4 August 2024.</ref> '''Lefatshe la Namibia''' – dithito tsa kgang tse di botlhokwa tsa go tlwaela ke "Tshireletsego ya dijo le motheo wa metswedi ya ditshedi o o tswelelang, Motheo wa metswedi ya metsi o o tswelelang, Boitekanelo le boitekanelo jwa batho le tlhabololo ya Mafaratlhatlha.<ref>''Youth Files Climate Case with India's Environmental Court''. Our Children's Trust. 2017. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1163/9789004322714_cclc_2017-0228-011|10.1163/9789004322714_cclc_2017-0228-011.]] [[:en:OCLC_(identifier)|OCLC]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1312587857 1312587857].</ref> '''Lefatshe la Aforikaborwa''' e amogetse ka kgwedi ya Phatweka ngwaga wa 2020 Leano la yona la Bosetšhaba la go Ikamanya le Phetogo ya Seemo sa Bosa,<ref>"[https://www.dffe.gov.za/mediarelease/nationalclimatechange_adaptationstrategy_ue10november19 South Africa's National Climate Change Adaptation Strategy approved]". ''[[:en:Department_of_Environment,_Forestry_and_Fisheries|Department of Environment, Forestry and Fisheries]]''. 18 August 2020.</ref> le le "dirang jaaka ntlha e e tlwaelesegileng ya maiteko a go ikamanya le phetogo ya seemo sa bosa mo Aforikaborwa, mme le tlamela ka serala se mo go sona maikaelelo a bosetšhaba a go ikamanya le phetogo ya seemo sa bosa a lefatshe a ka tlhalosiwang gore go tlamelwe ka kaelo e e akaretsang ya itsholelo yotlhe<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20211104030516/https://www.environment.gov.za/sites/default/files/reports/nationalclimate_changeadaptation_strategyforcomment_nccas.pdfhttps://web.archive.org/web/20211104030516/https://www.environment.gov.za/sites/default/files/reports/nationalclimate_changeadaptation_strategyforcomment_nccas.pdf National Climate Change Adaptation Strategy – Republic of South Africa"] (PDF). Archived from [http://www.environment.gov.za/sites/default/files/reports/nationalclimate_changeadaptation_strategyforcomment_nccas.pdf the original] (PDF) on 4 November 2021. Retrieved 10 December 2019.</ref> == Kitso ya selegae le dipopo tse dintshwa tsa selegae == Le fa mananeo a magolo a puso le matlole a boditšhabatšhaba a kgweetsa melawana e e megolo ya seemo sa bosa, baagi ba letsatsi le letsatsi go ralala Aforika ba ikaegile thata ka kitso ya setso ya tikologo ya tlholego(TEK) go tshela.<ref name=":32">Antwi-Agyei, Philip; Nyantakyi-Frimpong, Hanson (27 January 2021). [[doi:10.3390/su13031308|"Evidence of Climate Change Coping and Adaptation Practices by Smallholder Farmers in Northern Ghana]]". ''Sustainability''. '''13''' (3): 1308. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2021Sust...13.1308A 2021Sust...13.1308A.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.3390/su13031308|10.3390/su13031308.]] [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2071-1050 2071-1050].</ref> Se ke setlhopha sa go tlhaloganya, bokgoni, le dithuto tsa kitso tse di tlhamilweng ke baagi ba selegae mo dingwageng di le makgolokgolo ka go kopana ka tlhamalalo le tlholego. Mekgwa e e e lekilweng ka nako e fa batho ditsela tsa lefelo leo, tse di mosola tsa go bonela pele maemo a bosa, go somarela metsi le go dira gore temothuo e tswelele e tshela le fa seemo sa bosa se fetoga. === Ponelopele ya seemo sa bosa e e tlwaelegileng === Nako e telele pele ga megala ya letheka ya segompieno le di-app tsa segompieno tsa maemo a bosa, baagi ba kwa magaeng ba ba lemang le go disa ba ne ba dirisa ditsela tsa bone tsa go bonela pele seemo sa bosa. Bomankge ba lefelo leo ba ela tlhoko ka kelotlhoko dintlha tse di ka thusang mo lefatsheng la tlholego go bonela pele dikomelelo kgotsa dipula tse di maatla, tse di jaaka: * Ditsela tsa go fuduga ka tshoganyetso ga dinonyane tsa lefelo leo. * Nako e e tlhomameng ya ngwaga e ditlhare dingwe di simololang go thunya ka yone. * Go fetoga ga tsela e phefo e tsamayang ka yone le go bonala ga dinaledi bosigo. Sekao, ditlhopha tsa badisa mo Aforika Botlhaba di lebelela ka fao leruo la bona le itshwarang ka teng le go latedisa metsamao ya diphologolo tsa naga go swetsa gore ke ditsela dife tse ba ka di tsayang, go netefatsa gore diphologolo tsa bona di bona metsi le bojang ka nako ya komelelo.<ref>Alemayehu, Dejene; Hizkeal, Yitebarek (30 June 2022). "[https://www.jaeid.it/index.php/jaeid/article/view/12295 The Relevance and Practices of Indigenous Weather Forecasting Knowledge among the Gabra Pastoralists of Southern Ethiopia]". ''Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development (JAEID)''. '''116''' (1): 59–76. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.36253/jaeid-12295|10.36253/jaeid-12295.]] [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2240-2802 2240-2802.]</ref> Gompieno, baitseanapa ba saense ba lemoga gore go kopanya dintlha tseno tsa setso le saense ya segompieno ya maemo a bosa go dira ditlhagiso tse tota balemirui ba lefelo leo ba di tshepang le go di dirisa. === Ditsela tsa tshomarelo ya mmu le metsi === Mo mafelong a a lebaganeng le dikaka tse di atologa le pula e e sa bonelwang pele, baagi ba busitse mekgwa e e botlhale ya bogologolo ya go laola lefatshe.<ref name=":33">Salack, Seyni; Sanfo, Safiétou; Sidibe, Moussa; Daku, Elidaa K.; Camara, Ibrahima; Dieng, Mame Diarra Bousso; Hien, Koufanou; Torou, Bio Mohamadou; Ogunjobi, Kehinde O.; Sangare, Sheick Ahmed Khalil S. B.; Kouame, Konan Raoul; Koffi, Yao Bernard; Liersch, Stefan; Savadogo, Moumini; Giannini, Alessandra (25 October 2022). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9596419 "Low-cost adaptation options to support green growth in agriculture, water resources, and coastal zones]". ''Scientific Reports''. '''12''' (1) 17898. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2022NatSR..1217898S 2022NatSR..1217898S.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1038/s41598-022-22331-9|10.1038/s41598-022-22331-9.]] [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2045-2322 2045-2322.] [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9596419 9596419]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36284114 36284114].</ref> Mo kgaolong ya Sahel, bogolosegolo kwa Burkina Faso le Niger, balemibarui ba dirisa ka bophara thulaganyo ya bogologolo ya go epa e e bidiwang '''Zaï'''<ref name=":34">L. Woomer, Paul; Roobroeck, Dries; Yelognisse Alia, Didier (29 March 2023), "[https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/81496 Blending Climate Action and Rural Development in Africa's Sahel]", in Özçatalbaş, Orhan (ed.), ''Sustainable Rural Development Perspective and Global Challenges'', IntechOpen, [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.5772/intechopen.103817|10.5772/intechopen.103817]], [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-80355-420-4|<bdi>978-1-80355-420-4</bdi>,]] retrieved 6 June 2026</ref> Go na le go lema tshimo e e sephaphathi, balemibarui ba epa mesima e e boteng mo mmung o o thata mme ba tlatse botlase ka dilo tsa ditshedi jaaka motshotelo. Moakanyetso o o botlhale o o dira dilo tse pedi: o tshwara lerothodi lengwe le lengwe la metsi a pula a a thata go bonwa, mme motshotelo o gogela metlhwa, e e epang dikgogometso tse di ka fa tlase ga lefatshe tse ka tlhago di bofololang mmu o o thata gore medi e kgone go gola.<ref name=":34" /> Balembarui gape ba aga dithapo tsa matlapa tse e leng mabota a a kwa tlase a matlapa go bapa le dikhubu tsa tlhago tsa dithota tsa bona. Fa ka tshoganetso, dipula tse di maatla di itaya, mela eno ya matlapa e fokotsa lebelo la metsi a a potlakileng, e e thibela go tlhatswa mmu o o siameng o o kwa godimo le go e naya nako ya go ina mo mmung.<ref name=":33" /> Kwa borwa le botlhaba jwa Aforika, baagi ba dirisa dikgwa tsa temothuo tsa setso ka go boloka ditlhare tse di rileng, jaaka ''Faidherbia albida'', mo teng ga masimo a bona a dijalo. Ditlhare tseno di ntsha matlhare ka paka ya dipula mme di a godise ka paka ya komelelo, go kaya gore ga di thibele lesedi la letsatsi go tswa mo dijalong; go na le moo, ka tlhago di oketsa dikotla mo mmung le go fokotsa dithemphoritšhara tsa mmu ka nako ya makhubu a mogote.<ref>Haskett, Jonathan D.; Simane, Belay; Smith, Caitlin (1 November 2019). [[doi:10.3389/fenvs.2019.00146|"Energy and Climate Change Mitigation Benefits of Faidherbia albida Agroforestry in Ethiopia]]". ''Frontiers in Environmental Science''. '''7''' 146. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019FrEnS...7..146H 2019FrEnS...7..146H.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.3389/fenvs.2019.00146|10.3389/fenvs.2019.00146]]. ISSN&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2296-665X 2296-665X].</ref> === Go farologanya dijalo le go somarela peo === Go netefatsa gore ga di latlhegelwe ke dijo tsotlhe tsa tsone ka nako e telele ya komelelo, balemibarui ba selegae ba dira jaaka borasaense ba bone ka go boloka dipeo tsa naga.<ref>Aniah, Philip; Kaunza-Nu-Dem, Millar Katherine; Ayembilla, Joseph A. (April 2019). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6479268 "Smallholder farmers' livelihood adaptation to climate variability and ecological changes in the savanna agro ecological zone of Ghana]". ''Heliyon''. '''5''' (4) e01492. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019Heliy...501492A 2019Heliy...501492A.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01492|10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01492]]. [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]]&#x20;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6479268 6479268]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31049426 31049426].</ref> Dipeo tsa segompieno tsa kgwebo gantsi di tlhoka selekanyo se se itekanetseng sa metsi le menontsha e e turang gore di kgone go tshela. Go farologana le seo, dijalo tsa setso tse di jaaka mmidi wa perela, mabele le lebelebele di ile tsa tlwaela mo makgolong a dingwaga go emelana le komelelo le disenyi ka tlhago. Baagi ba tsamaisa dibanka tsa peo tsa selegae go abelana mefuta e e thata e gore mongwe le mongwe a nne le dijalo tse di tshwanelang maemo a bosa a selegae a bona a a fetogang.<ref name=":32" /> Gape ba dira dijalo tse di farologaneng, se se rayang go jala dijalo tse di farologaneng go bapa le tse dingwe, jaaka mmidi o o nang le dinawa tsa kgomo.<ref name=":33" /> Dinawa tse di nang le matlhare di dira moriti mo mmung go o boloka o le bongola, go netefatsa gore le fa mmidi o ka swa ka ntlha ya mogote, malapa a santse a na le sejalo sa tlaleletso go se roba. == Setšhaba le setso == === Go tlhoka tekatekano mo patlisisong ya seemo sa bosa === Le fa Aforika e tlile go nna nngwe ya karolo kgolo ya Lefatshe e e naleng mafatshe a mantsi mo teng tse di amiwang thata ke phetogo ya seemo sa bosa, go tlhoka tekatekano go go rulagantsweng le go tlhoka tekatekano go gongwe go go amanang le dipatlisiso tsa saense le matlole go raya gore bonnye fela jwa saense e e gatisitsweng ka ga phetogo ya seemo sa bosa le matlole a dipatlisiso tsa seemo sa bosa ke a borasaense ba Aforika.<ref name=":35">"[https://www.carbonbrief.org/analysis-the-lack-of-diversity-in-climate-science-research Analysis: The lack of diversity in climate-science research]". ''Carbon Brief''. 5 October 2021. Retrieved 15 November 2021.</ref> Tshekatsheko ya madi a dipatlisiso go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1990 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2020 a phetogo ya seemo sa bosa, e fitlhetse gore karolo ya masome a supa le borobabobedi mo lekgolong ya dipatlisiso tsa madi a dipatlisiso ka ga phetogo ya seemo sa bosa mo Aforika a ne a dirisiwa mo ditheong tsa Yuropa le Bokone jwa Amerika mme go le gontsi go ne ga dirisiwa mo dikoloning tsa pele tsa lefatshe la Britain go feta mafatshe a mangwe.<ref>Overland, Indra; Fossum Sagbakken, Haakon; Isataeva, Aidai; Kolodzinskaia, Galina; Simpson, Nicholas Philip; Trisos, Christopher; Vakulchuk, Roman (14 September 2022). [[doi:10.1080/17565529.2021.1976609|"Funding flows for climate change research on Africa: where do they come from and where do they go?"]]. ''Climate and Development''. '''14''' (8): 705–724. Bibcode:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2022CliDe..14..705O 2022CliDe..14..705O]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1080/17565529.2021.1976609|10.1080/17565529.2021.1976609]]. [[:en:Hdl_(identifier)|hdl]]:[[hdl:11250/2832233|11250/2832233]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:244210557 244210557].</ref> Mokgwa o wa [[:en:Parachute_science|saense ya diparachute]], ka fa letlhakoreng le lengwe ka bobedi o thibela babatlisisi ba selegae go dira tiro e e kgolo, ka gonne ga ba na matlole a ditiro tsa ditekelelo mme o fokotsa peeletso mo megopolong ya babatlisisi ba selegae le mo ditlhogong tse di botlhokwa mo Borwa jwa Lefatshe Lotlhe, jaaka [[:en:Climate_change_adaptation|go tlwaela phetogo ya]] [[:en:Climate_change_adaptation|seemo sa bosa]].<ref name=":35" /> Ditshekatsheko tse di nepagetseng tsa go tswelela di gwetlha ka ntlha ya go tlhoka matlhomeso a dipeeletso tse di tswelelang, mmogo le dithibelo tsa tshedimosetso le bokgoni jwa botsamaisi. Ga jaana, a a kwa tlase ga halofo ya matlole a a kwa godimo a phenšene a Aforika a bega tshedimosetso ka ga dipholisi tsa tsweletso le tiragatso.<ref>European Investment Bank (2022). Unlocking Sustainable Private Sector Growth in the Middle East and North Africa. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1596/37601|10.1596/37601.]] [[:en:Hdl_(identifier)|hdl]]:[[hdl:20.500.12657/57821|20.500.12657/57821.]] [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-92-861-5220-7|978-92-861-5220-7]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:250211092 250211092].[page needed]</ref><ref name=":20" /> [[:en:United_Nations_Conference_on_Trade_and_Development|Bokopano jwa Ditšhabakopano ka ga Kgwebisano le Tlhabololo]] - Maemo a Boditšhabatšhaba a Boikarabelo le Pegelo (UNCTAD-ISAR) e tlhomile Tirisanommogo ya Kgaolo ya Aforika ya Tsweletsopele le Pegelo ya SDG ka ngwaga wa 2022. Tirisanommogo e na le maloko a le masome a mararo go tloga ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2023, go akaretsa le mafaratlhatlha a bosetšhaba a dikompone tsa loago/ maikarabelo a loago a dikompone le/ kgotsa ditona go tswa ka mafatsheng a le masome a mabedi le bosupa a Aforika.<ref name=":20" /><ref>"[https://unctad.org/isar/meeting/african-regional-partnership-meeting-sustainability-and-sdg-reporting African Regional Partnership meeting on sustainability and SDG reporting]". ''UN Trade and Development''. Retrieved 31 October 2023.</ref><ref>[https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/osg2023d1_en.pdf "UNCTAD ANNUAL REPORT 2022"] (PDF).</ref> == Bona gape == * [[:en:Ecotourism_in_Africa|Bojanala jwa tikologo mo Aforika]] * [[:en:Water_scarcity_in_Africa|Tlhaelo ya metsi mo Aforika]] == Metswedi == mk1giiqjzf84w0wxdg6a3lyvsig7wwz 0 8984 53469 52872 2026-07-28T12:15:05Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53469 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Zoo Wuppertal Schwarzfusskatze.jpg|thumb|Katse ya Maoto a mantsho]] '''Katse ya maoto a mantsho''' (Felis nigripes), e gape e bidiwang '''katse e e nang le marontho a mannye''', ke katse e nnye go gaisa tsotlhe ya naga mo Aforika, e e nang le boleele jwa tlhogo le mmele jwa dicentimetara di le masome a mararo le botlhano go ya go tse masome a matlhano le bobedi (14–20 in). Go sa kgathalesege leina la yone, ke fela ditlhako tsa dinao tsa yone tse di ntsho kgotsa tse di borokwa jo bontsho. Ka mebala ya yone e mennye e ebogale le meralo mo boboeng jwa yone , e iphitlha sentle, segolobogolo mo bosigong fa g o na le ngwedi. E na le meralo e metsho e e tswang mo dikhutlong tsa matlho go bapa le marama, mme mogatla wa yone o o nang le dithapo o na le ntlha e ntsho. Katse ya ntlha ya maoto a mantsho e e itsiweng ke maranyane e ne ya bonwa kwa bokone jwa Karoo kwa Afrika Borwa mme ya tlhalosiwa ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabobobedu le masome a mabedi le bone. E fitlhelwa thata mo dithabeng tse di omeletseng le mo dithabeng tsa bojang tsa Afrika Borwa. E kwadilwe kwa borwa jwa Botswana, mme ke direkoto di le mmalwa fela tse di boammaaruri tse di leng teng kwa Namibia, kwa borwa jwa Angola le kwa borwa jwa Zimbabwe. Ka ntlha ya go anamisiwa ga yona go go lekanyeditsweng, e kwadilwe jaaka mofuta o o kotsi mo Lenaaneng le Lehibidu la IUCN fa e sale ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bobedi . Go belaelwa gore palo ya yona e a fokotsega ka ntlha ya go tsomiwa ga mefuta ya diphologolo tse di bolawang go jewa ke batho jaaka nama ya sekgwa, pogiso, dikotsi tsa pharakano, le go jewa ke dintša tse di disang. Katse e e maoto a mantsho e ntse e ithutiwa ka go dirisa radio telemetry fa e sa le ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le boraro . Patlisiso eno e ne ya dira gore go kgonege go ela tlhoko ka tlhamalalo boitshwaro jwa yone mo lefelong la yone la tlholego. Gantsi e ikhutsa mo mesimeng motshegare mme e tsome bosigo. E tsamaya magareng ga dikilometara di le tlhano go ya go tse lesome le borataro (3 le 10 mi) ka palo e batla dipeba tse dinnye le dinonyane. E ja ditshedi tse di farologaneng tse di nang le [[lerapo la mokwatla]] di le masome a mane mme e bolaya diphologolo tse dinnye di ka nna lesome lebone bosigo bongwe le bongwe. E kgona go tshwara dinonyane fa di fofa, e tlolela kwa bogodimong jwa 1.4 m (5 ft), mme gape e tlhasela diamusi le dinonyane tse di bokete thata go e feta. E namagadi gantsi e tsala dikatse tse pedi ka nako ya selemo sa Southern Hemisphere magareng ga kgwedi ya Phalane le Mopitlwe. Di kgwesiwa fa di le dikgwedi di le pedi mme di kgona go ikemela ka nosi morago ga dikgwedi di le nne tsa dingwaga tsa bosheng. == Tsamaiso ya diphologolo le phylogeny == Leina la maranyane la Felis nigripes le ne la dirisiwa ke motlhotlhomisi wa British [[William John Burchell]] ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabobedi le masome a mabedi le bone fa a ne a tlhalosa mofuta ono go ikaegilwe ka matlalo a dikatse tse dinnye, tse di marontho tse a neng a kopana le tsone gaufi le Litákun (e jaanong e itsiweng jaaka Dithakong), mo Aforika Borwa.<ref name=":0">[[:en:William_John_Burchell|Burchell, W. J.]] (1824). [https://books.google.com/books?id=AGpdAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA592 "''Felis nigripes''".] ''Travels in the Interior of Southern Africa''. Vol.&#x20;II. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. p.&#x20;592. Archived from the original on 19 July 2023. Retrieved 29 April 2020</ref>Felis (Microfelis) nigripes thomasi e ne ya tshitshinngwa jaaka mofutapotlana ke moithuta-maamusi wa Aforikaborwa Guy C. Shortridge ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mararo le bongwe, yo o neng a tlhalosa matlalo a dikatse tsa maoto a mantsho a a neng a kokoantswe kwa Griqualand Bophirima a a neng a le mantsho go feta a mofutapotlana o o tlhophilweng.<ref>[[:en:Guy_C._Shortridge|Shortridge, G. C. (1931)]]. "''Felis'' (''Microfelis'') ''nigripes thomasi'' subsp. nov". ''Records of the Albany Museum''. '''4''' (1): 119–120.</ref> Fa moitsaanape wa Borithane Reginald Innes Pocock a ne a sekaseka matlalo a dikatse mo kokoanyong ya Musiamo wa ditso ya Tlhago, kwa Lontone, o ne a tlhomamisa gore katse e e maoto a mantsho ke mofuta wa Felis.<ref name=":1">Pocock, R. I. (1951). [https://archive.org/stream/catalogueofgenus00brit#page/145/mode/1up "''Felis nigripes'' Burchell"]. ''Catalogue of the genus'' Felis. London: British Museum (Natural History). pp.&#x20;145–150.</ref> Boammaaruri jwa mofutapotlana bo ne bo belaediwa ka gonne ga go na dikgoreletsi tsa thutafatshe tse di tsamaelanang le dipharologano tse di lemogilweng tse di leng teng fa gare ga dipalopalo.<ref name=":9">Olbricht, G. & Sliwa, A. (1997). "''In situ'' and ''ex situ'' observations and management of black-footed cats ''Felis nigripes''". ''International Zoo Yearbook''. '''35''' (35): 81–89. [[doi:10.1111/j.1748-1090.1997.tb01194.x]]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bosupa , Setlhopha sa Baitseanape ba Dikatse sa IUCN se ne sa tlhabolola thulaganyo ya dikatse tsa felid mme sa lemoga gore katse ya maoto a mantsho e ka tswa e le mofuta o o nang le mofuta o le mongwe fela.<ref name=":10">Kitchener, A. C.; Breitenmoser-Würsten, C.; Eizirik, E.; Gentry, A.; Werdelin, L.; Wilting, A.; Yamaguchi, N.; Abramov, A. V.; Christiansen, P.; Driscoll, C.; Duckworth, J. W.; Johnson, W.; Luo, S.-J.; Meijaard, E.; O'Donoghue, P.; Sanderson, J.; Seymour, K.; Bruford, M.; Groves, C.; Hoffmann, M.; Nowell, K.; Timmons, Z. & Tobe, S. (2017). [https://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/32616/A_revised_Felidae_Taxonomy_CatNews.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y "A revised taxonomy of the Felidae: The final report of the Cat Classification Task Force of the IUCN Cat Specialist Group"] (PDF). ''Cat News'' (Special Issue 11): 13. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 July 2018. Retrieved 16 March 2019.</ref> === Tshimologo === Tshekatsheko ya phylogenetic ya DNA ya nyutlelia go tswa mo mefuteng yotlhe ya Felidae e senotse gore marang a tsona a thutotlhagelelo a simolotse kwa Asia ka Miocene mo e ka nnang dingwaga di le dimilione di le 14.45 go ya go di le 8.38 tse di fetileng.<ref name=":2">Johnson, W. E.; Eizirik, E.; Pecon-Slattery, J.; Murphy, W. J.; Antunes, A.; Teeling, E. & O'Brien, S. J. (2006). [https://zenodo.org/record/1230866 "The late miocene radiation of modern Felidae: A genetic assessment"]. ''Science''. '''311''' (5757): 73–77. Bibcode:2006Sci...311...73J. doi:10.1126/science.1122277. PMID&#x20;16400146. S2CID&#x20;41672825. Archived from the original on 4 October 2020. Retrieved 29 August 2020.</ref><ref name=":3">Werdelin, L.; Yamaguchi, N.; Johnson, W. E. & O'Brien, S. J. (2010). [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/266755142 "Phylogeny and evolution of cats (Felidae)".] In Macdonald, D. W. & Loveridge, A. J. (eds.). ''Biology and Conservation of Wild Felids''. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. pp.&#x20;59–82. [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-19-923445-5|ISBN&#x20;<bdi>978-0-19-923445-5</bdi>.]] Archived from the original on 25 September 2018. Retrieved 3 May 2020.</ref> Tshekatsheko ya DNA ya mitochondrial ya mefuta yotlhe ya Felidae e supa gore e ne ya phatsima dingwaga di ka nna dimilione di le 16.76 go ya go di le 6.46 tse di fetileng.<ref name=":4">Li, G.; Davis, B. W.; Eizirik, E. & Murphy, W. J. (2016). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4691742 "Phylogenomic evidence for ancient hybridization in the genomes of living cats (Felidae)".] ''Genome Research''. '''26''' (1): 1–11. doi:10.1101/gr.186668.114. PMC&#x20;4691742. PMID&#x20;26518481.</ref> Katse ya maoto a mantsho ke karolo ya losika lwa thutotlhagelelo lo go akanyetswa gore lo fapogile ka lotsalo go tswa mo mogologolwaneng yo o tshwanang wa mefuta yotlhe ya Felis dingwaga di ka nna dimilione di le 4.44 go ya go di le 2.16 tse di fetileng, go ikaegilwe ka tshekatsheko ya DNA ya tsona ya nyutlea.<ref name=":2" /> <ref name=":3" />Tshekatsheko ya DNA ya bona ya mitochondrial e supa pharologano ya dijini tsa mefuta ya Felis dingwaga di ka nna dimilione di le 6.52 go ya go di le 1.03 tse di fetileng.<ref name=":4" /> Dikai ka bobedi di dumalana ka katse ya sekgwa (F. chaus) e le mofuta wa ntlha wa Felis o o neng wa fapoga, mme wa latelwa ke katse ya maoto a mantsho.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4" /> Masalela a masaledi a katse ya maoto a mantsho ga a ise a bonwe.<ref name=":3" /> E ka tswa e ne ya fudugela kwa Aforika ka nako ya Pleistocene.<ref name=":2" /> Go fuduga gono go ka tswa go ne ga tlhofofadiwa ke dipaka tse ditelele tsa maemo a a kwa tlase a lewatle fa gare ga Asia le Aforika.<ref name=":4" /> Cladogram e e latelang e bontsha dikamano tsa phylogenetic tsa katse ya maoto a mantsho jaaka di bonwe ka tshekatsheko ya DNA ya nyutlea:<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /> == Dipharologantsho == [[Setshwantsho:Black Footed Cat.jpg|thumb|Katse e e maoto a mantsho kwa legaeng la Diphologolo la Cincinnati]] [[Setshwantsho:BlackFootedCat57.jpg|thumb|Mmele wa yona o apesitswe ke marothotho a mantho le meralo.]] Katse e e maoto a mantsho e na le boboa jwa tawny jo bo khurumeditsweng gotlhelele ka mabala a mantsho. Tlhogo ya yone e ntsho go feta mmele otlhe mme e le mosetlha fa godimo ga matlho. Ditedu tsa yone di tshweu, mme ditsebe tsa yone di na le meriri e e borokwa jo bontsho jo bo tlhotlhoregang. Mo molaleng le mo mokwatleng, mabala mangwe a lelefaditswe go nna methalo. Mabala a bopa methalo e e kgabaganyang mo magetleng. Maoto a kwa pele le a kwa morago a na le methalo e e sa tlhomamang. Mogatla wa yone o na le marontho a a tlhakaneng tlhogo. Dikarolo tse di kwa tlase tsa maoto di ntsho kgotsa borokwa jo bontsho.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5">Mills, M. G. L. (2005). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iqwEYkTDZf4C&pg=PA405 "''Felis nigripes'' Burchell, 1824 (Black-footed cat)".] In Skinner, J. D.; Chimimba, C. T. (eds.). ''The Mammals of the Southern African Subregion'' (3rd&#x20;ed.). Cape Town: Cambridge University Press. pp.&#x20;405–408. [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-521-84418-5|ISBN&#x20;<bdi>978-0-521-84418-5</bdi>.]]</ref>Dipalamonwana tsa mometso di bopa di-semi-circle tse dintsho tse di farologaneng ka mmala go tswa go borokwa jo bo fifetseng go ya go rufous e e bosetlha mme di na le dintlha tse di tshesane ka rufous. Dingwe di na le mpa e tshweu e e phepa e e nang le mmala wa tawny fa e kopanang le mmala wa tawny wa matlhakore.<ref name=":6">Smithers, R. N. H. (1971). "''Felis nigripes'' Blackfooted Cat". ''The Mammals of Botswana''. Pretoria: University of Pretoria. pp.&#x20;128–130.</ref> Ditsebe, matlho le molomo di na le mmala o mosweu o o bosetlha.<ref name=":7">Sliwa, A. (2013). [https://books.google.com/books?id=B_07noCPc4kC&pg=RA4-PA205 "''Felis nigripes'' Black-footed cat".] In Kingdon, J.; Happold, D.; Hoffmann, M.; Butynski, T.; Happold, M.; Kalina, J. (eds.). ''Mammals of Africa''. Vol.&#x20;V. Carnivores, Pangolins, Equids and Rhinoceroses. London, New Delhi, New York, Sydney: Bloomsbury. pp.&#x20;203–206. [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4081-8994-8|ISBN&#x20;<bdi>978-1-4081-8994-8</bdi>.]]</ref>Methalo e mebedi e mentsho e tswa mo dikhutlong tsa matlho go kgabaganya marama. Ditho di farologana ka mmala wa lemorago go tswa go motlhaba le ochre e e bosetlha go ya go ochre e e fifetseng.<ref name=":8">Guggisberg, C. A. W. (1975). "Black-footed Cat ''Felis nigripes'' (Burchell, 1842)". ''Wild Cats of the World''. New York: Taplinger Publishing. pp.&#x20;40–42. [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-8008-8324-9|ISBN&#x20;<bdi>978-0-8008-8324-9</bdi>.]]</ref> Mo karolong e e kwa bokone ya lefelo la yona, e botlhofo go feta mo karolong e e kwa borwa, kwa mabala a yona le dithapo di tlhalosiwang sentle. Dipalamonwana tse tharo tse di mo kgokgotsong di borokwa jo bohibidu go ya go bontsho, mme palamonwana ya boraro e thubegile mo bathong bangwe.<ref name=":1" /> <ref name=":5" />Dithapo tse dintsho di sephara mo maotong a a kwa godimo mme di nna ditshesane go ya kwa maroong. Meriri e meleele ya balebedi ya 25 goya go 30 mm (1.0 go ya go 1.2 in) e bosetlha kwa botlaseng mme e na le dintlha tse ditshweu kgotsa tse dintsho. Boya jo bo ka fa tlase bo kitlane ka moriri o mokhutshwane le o o makhubu.<ref name=":5" />Boboa bo nna bokima le go nna boleele ka nako ya mariga.<ref name=":7" /> Dipupil tsa matlho di ngotlega go nna phatlha e e emeng, jaaka mo mefuteng yotlhe ya Felis.<ref name=":1" /> Di botala jo bo botlhofo go ya go bosetlha jo bontsho.<ref name=":7" /> Katse ya maoto a mantsho ke mofuta o monnye go gaisa wa dikatse mo Aforika.<ref>Guggisberg, C. A. W. (1975). "Black-footed Cat ''Felis nigripes'' (Burchell, 1842)". ''Wild Cats of the World''. New York: Taplinger Publishing. pp.&#x20;40–42. [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-8008-8324-9|ISBN&#x20;<bdi>978-0-8008-8324-9</bdi>.]]</ref><ref name=":5" /><ref>Sunquist, M. & Sunquist, F. (2002). [https://books.google.com/books?id=hFbJWMh9-OAC&pg=PA75 "Black-footed cat ''Felis nigripes'' (Burchell, 1824)".] ''Wild Cats of the World''. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp.&#x20;75–82. [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-226-77999-8|ISBN&#x20;<bdi>0-226-77999-8</bdi>.]] Archived from the original on 21 December 2022. Retrieved 8 January 2024.</ref><ref>Renard, A.; Lavoie, M.; Pitt, J. A. & Larivière, S. (2015). [[doi:10.1093/mspecies/sev008|"''Felis nigripes'' (Carnivora: Felidae)".]] ''Mammalian Species''. '''47''' (925): 78–83. [[doi:10.1093/mspecies/sev008|doi:10.1093/mspecies/sev008.]]</ref>Tse Dinamagadi di lekanya 33.7–36.8 cm (13.3–14.5 in) ka boleele jwa tlhogo le mmele ka mogatla o moleele wa 15.7 go ya go 17 cm (6.2 go ya go 6.7 in).Tse Ditona di magareng ga 42.5 le 50 cm (16.7 le 19.7 in) ka mogatla o moleele wa dicentimetara di le lesome le botlhano go ya go tse masome a mabedi (6-8 in). Mogatla wa yone o o mosesane o ka nna halofo ya boleele jwa tlhogo le mmele.<ref name=":8" /> Legata la yona le lekhutshwane e bile le le kgolokwe ka boleele jwa jwa dimilimitara di le masome a supa le bosupa go ya go tse masome a robabonedi le bosupa (3.0-3.4 in) le bophara jwa dimilimitara di le masome a marari le borobabobedi go ya go tse masome a mane38 (1.5-1.6 in). Mosele wa tsebe le diphatlha tsa ditsebe di ditona go feta mo mefuteng e mentsi ya Felis. Meno a marama a boleele jwa dimilimitara di le masome a mabedi le bobedi go ya go tse masome a mabedi le boraro (0.87–0.91 in) mme meno a a kwa godimo a boleele jwa dimilimitara di le lesome (0.4 in).<ref name=":1" /> E na le ditsebe tse dinnye tse di motsu tse di simololang ka dimilimitara si le masome a mane le botlhano go ya go tse masome a matlhano (1.8 go ya go 2.0 in) mo go tse di namagadi di le masome a mane le borataro go ya go tse masome a matlhano le bosupa (1.8 go ya go 2.2 in) mo go tse ditonanyana. Leoto la morago la dinamagadi le lekanya bogolo jwa dimilimitara di le masome a robabongwe le botlhano (3.7 in) mme la banna bogolo jwa 105 mm (4.1 in).<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":5" /> Boleele jwa magetla a yone bo kwa tlase ga dicentimetara di le masome a mabedi le botlhano (9.8 in).<ref name=":11">Pringle, J.A. (1977). [https://journals.co.za/docserver/fulltext/annals/23/1/588.pdf "The distribution of mammals in Natal. Part 2. Carnivora"] (PDF). ''Annals of the Natal Museum''. '''23''' (1): 93–115.</ref>Dinamagadi di bokete jwa dikilogerama di le 1.1–1.65 (2.4–3.6 lb) mme tse ditonanyana di bokete jwa dikilogerama di le 1.6–2.45 (3.5–5.4 lb).<ref name=":12">Sliwa, A. (2004). "Home range size and social organization of black-footed cats (''Felis nigripes'')". ''Mammalian Biology''. '''69''' (2): 96–107. [[doi:10.1078/1616-5047-00124|doi:10.1078/1616-5047-00124.]]</ref><ref name=":7" /> [[Katse ya naga ya Aforika]] (Felis lybica) e batla e le botona jo bo menaganeng gararo go feta katse ya maoto a mantsho, e na le maoto a maleele, mogatla o moleele le bontsi jwa boboa jo bo bosetlha jo bo tlwaelegileng jo bo nang le matshwao a a sa bonaleng thata. Serval (Leptailurus serval) e tshwana le katse ya maoto a mantsho ka mmala wa kobo le paterone, fela e na le ditsebe tse dikgolo ka go lekana, maoto a maleele le mogatla o moleele.<ref>Hunter, L. (2015). [https://books.google.com/books?id=hzNBCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA30 "Black-footed Cat"]. ''Wild Cats of the World''. London: Bloomsbury Publishing. pp.&#x20;30–33. [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4729-2285-4|ISBN&#x20;<bdi>978-1-4729-2285-4</bdi>.]] Archived from the original on 8 January 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2020.</ref> == Phatlalatso le bonno == Katse ya maoto a mantsho e fitlhelwa mo Borwa jwa Aforika; go anamisiwa ga yone go lekanyeditswe thata go feta dikatse tse dingwe tse dinnye mo kgaolong eno.<ref>Nowell, K. & Jackson, P. (1996). "Black-footed cat, ''Felis nigripes'' Burchell, 1824". ''Wild Cats Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan''. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN Cat specialist Group. pp.&#x20;8–10.</ref> Motlhala wa yona o simolola kwa Aforika Borwa go ya kwa bokone go tsena kwa borwa jwa Botswana, kwa e kwadilweng teng kwa bofelong jwa dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro.<ref name=":6" /> E kwadisitswe gape kwa Namibia, kwa borwa jo bo feteletseng jwa Angola le kwa borwa jwa Zimbabwe. Ga go kgonagale gore e ka diragala kwa Lesotho le kwa Eswatini.[1] E nna mo di-savanna tse di bulegileng, tse di omileng le mo ditlhatshana tse di omileng go sekae kwa Karoo le kwa borwabophirima jwa Kalahari ka bojang jo bokhutshwane, khurumetso e e kwa tlase ya ditlhatshana, le ditlhopha tse di gasameng tsa ditlhatshana tse di kwa tlase le bojang jo bo kwa godimo.<ref name=":6" /> Palogare ya pula ya ngwaga le ngwaga mo kgaolong e e simolola ka lekgolo go ya go di makgolo a matlhano a di milimitara (3.9 go ya go 19.7 in).<ref name=":5" /> <ref name=":7" />Mo kgaolong ya Drakensberg, e ne ya kwalwa kwa godimo ga dimetara di le dikete tse pedi (maoto a le 6 600).<ref name=":5" /> == Boitshwaro le tikologo == [[Setshwantsho:Black-footed cat, Zoo Wuppertal, July 2009.jpg|thumb|Katse e tona ya maoto a mantsho e ikhuditse]] [[Setshwantsho:Suspicious Black-Footed Cat.jpg|thumb|Katse e e maoto a mantsho e e khurumeditsweng]] Katse ya maoto a mantsho e nna bosigo mme gantsi e nna e le nosi, ntle le fa tse di namagadi di tlhokomela dikatse tse di ikaegileng ka tsone.<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":11" /> E fetsa letsatsi e ikhutsa mo dithoteng tsa dintlhwa tse di nang le dikhuti le khurumetso e e kitlaneng mo mesimeng e e sa nniweng ya ditshenekegi tsa Aforika Borwa (Pedetes capensis), ditshenekegi (Orycteropus afer), le dikolobe tsa kwa Kapa (Hystrix africaeaustralis). E epa ka maatla go atolosa kgotsa go fetola mesima eno gore e nne le tshireletso. Fa letsatsi le sena go phirima, e tlhagelela go ya go tsoma.<ref name=":9" /> E batla botshabelo fa e kgorelediwa go sekae fela mme gantsi e dirisa dithota tsa dintlhwa go ikhurumetsa kgotsa go tsala bana ba yone. Fa e tsenngwa mo sekhutlong, e a iphemela ka bogale. Ka ntlha ya mokgwa o le bopelokgale jwa yona, e bidiwa miershooptier mo dikarolong tsa Karoo ya Aforika Borwa, e e kayang ‘nkwe ya tshoswane’. Tlhamane nngwe ya Ba-San e bolela gore katse e e maoto a mantsho e ka bolaya thutlwa ka go phunya molala wa yone. Go feteletsa dilo gono go ikaeletse go gatelela bopelokgale le go tlhomama ga yone.<ref>Sliwa, A. (November 2006). "Atomic Kitten: the secrets of Africa's black-footed cat". ''BBC Wildlife''. Vol.&#x20;24, no.&#x20;12. pp.&#x20;36–40.</ref> Go farologana le dikatse tse dingwe tse dintsi, ga e kgone go palama ditlhare sentle, ka mmele wa yone o o nonofileng le mogatla o mokhutshwane go akanngwa gore ga di a siama go palama ditlhare.<ref>Armstrong, J. (1977). "The development and hand-rearing of black-footed cats". In Eaton, R. L. (ed.). ''The World's Cats: The Proceedings of an International Symposium''. Vol.&#x20;3. Oregon: Winston Wildlife Safari. pp.&#x20;71–80.</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, katse e le nngwe ya maoto a mantsho e ne ya lemogiwa mme ya tsewa senepe e ikhutsitse mo dikaleng tse di kwa tlase tsa setlhare sa kamela (Vachellia erioloba).<ref>Sliwa, A. (2013). "Black-footed Lightning". ''Africa Geographic''. No.&#x20;June. pp.&#x20;27–31.</ref> E namagadi e kailakaila mo lefelong le le magareng la legae la 6.23–15.53 km2 (2.41–6.00 sq mi) ka ngwaga, mme e tona e e nnang mo lefelong la 19.44–23.61 km2 (7.51–9.12 sq mi). Moralo wa e tona e e godileng o kopana le mefuta ya namagadi e le nngwe go ya go tse nne. E dirisa go tshwaya monko mo setlhopheng sotlhe sa yone.<ref name=":12" />Dinamagadi tse di amogelang di ne tsa lemogwa di gasa moroto go fitlha go makgetlo a le masome a mane le bongwe mo karolong e e boleele jwa dimetara di le makgolo a marataro le masome a robabobedi le botlhano (2,250 ft). Ba ne ba sa gasetse thata ka nako ya boimana.<ref>Molteno, A.; Sliwa, A. & Richardson, P. R. K. (1998). [[doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1998.tb00069.x|"The role of scent marking in a free-ranging, female black-footed cat (''Felis nigripes'')".]] ''Journal of Zoology''. '''245''' (1): 35–41. [[doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1998.tb00069.x|doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1998.tb00069.x.]]</ref> Mefuta e mengwe ya go tshwaya monko e akaretsa go itlotsa dilo, go tlhotlhora ka manala le go baya mantle mo mafelong a a bonalang. Medumo ya yone e kwa godimo go feta ya dikatse tse dingwe tse di lekanang le yone, go akanngwa gore e dira gore medumo e utlwiwe mo dikgaolong tse dikgolo. Le fa go ntse jalo, fa di le gaufi le tse dingwe, di dirisa di- purr kgotsa di- gurgle tse di didimetseng; fa e tshosediwa, e a tlhotlhora le go rora.<ref name=":12" /> Bagolo ba tsamaya ka palogare ya dikilometara di le 8.42 ± 2.09 (5.23 ± 1.30 mi) ka bosigo go batla diphologotswana.<ref>Sliwa, A.; Herbst, M. & Mills, M. (2010). "Black-footed cats (''Felis nigripes'') and African wild cats (''Felis silvestris''): A comparison of two small felids from South African arid lands". In Macdonald, D. & Loveridge, A. (eds.). ''The Biology and Conservation of Wild Felids''. Oxford University Press. pp.&#x20;537–558. [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-19-959283-8|ISBN&#x20;<bdi>978-0-19-959283-8</bdi>.]]</ref> Go thata go e sekaseka ka ntlha ya go bo e le sephiri thata; mo godimo ga moo, e na le go tsamaya ka bonako e sa dirise ditsela kgotsa ditselana jaaka dikatse tse dingwe. Mo Aforika Borwa, kitlano ya 0.17/km2 (0.44/sekwere sa miele) e ne ya akanyediwa kwa Benfontein gaufi le Kimberley ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi go ya go wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe , e e neng ya wela go 0.08/km2 (0.2/sekwere sa miele) ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedile botlhanogo ya go ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone . batho ka bongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone e ne e le 0.06/km2 (0.16/sq mi). Tseno e ka tswa e ne e le kitlano e e kwa godimo e e sa tlwaelegang, ka ge mafelo ka bobedi a na le maemo a bosa a a siameng le a taolo, fa palo ya batho ba ba mo mafelong a a sa siamang e ka nna gaufi le 0.03/km2 (0.08/sq mi).<ref name=":12" /> == Go tsoma le dijo == [[Setshwantsho:Wuppertal - Zoo - Felis nigripes 01 ies.jpg|thumb|Katse ya maoto a mantsho e tshwere peba]] Katse ya maoto a mantsho e tsoma bosigo go sa kgathalesege maemo a bosa, go le mogote o wa lesome go ya go masome a mararo le botlhano (14 go ya go 95 °F). E tlhasela phofu ya yona go tswa kwa morago, e baya maoto a yona a a kwa pele mo matlhakoreng a yona mme e ground phofu e dirisa manala a yona a monyo. E dirisa ditsela tse tharo tse di farologaneng tsa go tsoma: "go tsoma ka bonako", "go tsoma ka bonya", le go tsoma ga "nna o eme". Mo tsomong e e bonako, e tsamaya ka lobelo lwa 2 goya go 3 km/h (1.2 go ya go 1.9 mph) mme e leleka diphologolo go tswa mo khurumelong ya dimela. Ka nako ya go tsoma ka bonya, e latela phofu ka lobelo lwa 0.5 go ya go 0.8 km/h (0.3 go ya go 0.5 mph), e dikologa ka kelotlhoko mo bojannyeng le go tlhola tikologo ya yone ka kelotlhoko fa e ntse e retolola tlhogo ya yone go ya kwa letlhakoreng le lengwe.<ref name=":10" /> E tsamaya magareng ga 5 le 16 km (3 le 10 mi) ka palogare e batla dipeba tse dinnye le dinonyane, bontsi jwa tsone di tsamaya ka didiko tse dinnye le go zig-zag mo gare ga ditlhatshana le dithota tsa dintlhwa.<ref name=":13">Sliwa, A. (1994). "Diet and feeding behaviour of the Black-footed Cat (''Felis nigripes'' Burchell, 1824) in the Kimberley Region, South Africa". ''Der Zoologische Garten N.F''. '''64''' (2): 83–96.</ref>Mo tsomong ya "dula o lete", e leta phofu e sa tshikinyege fa pele ga lefelo la dipeba, ka dinako dingwe e tswetse matlho. Ditsebe tsa yone di nna di tsamaya, mme e bula matlho fela fa e utlwa modumo.<ref name=":10" /> Ka ntlha ya bogolo jwa yona jo bonnye, katse ya maoto a mantsho e tsoma thata diphologolo tse dinnye jaaka dipeba le dinonyane tse dinnye, fela gape e tsoma mo Cape hare (Lepus capensis), ka e le bokete go feta yona. Tlhokego ya yona ya maatla e kwa godimo thata, ka bokana ka makgolo a mabedi le botlhano go ya go 300 g (9 go ya go 11 oz) ya diphologolo tse di jewang bosigo bongwe le bongwe, e leng mo e ka nnang nngwetharong ya bokete jwa mmele wa yona jo bo magareng.<ref>Sliwa, A. (1994). "Black-footed cat studies in South Africa". ''Cat News'' (20): 15–19.</ref> E kgona go kgotsofatsa ditlhokego tsa yona tsa metsi tsa letsatsi le letsatsi ka phofu ya yona, fela e nwa metsi fa a le teng.<ref name=":8" /> Dikatse tsa maoto a mantsho di lemogilwe go leka go tshwara ditshedi tse di nang le lerapo la mokwatla di le lesome mo diureng di le tlhano tsa go tsoma, ka palogare ya maiteko a le marataro a a atlegileng.<ref name=":10" /> Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le boraro, katse e namagadi le e tonanyana e e maoto a mantsho e ne ya latelwa diura di le makgolo a marataro le masome a mabedi le bobedi mme ya ela tlhoko fa e tsoma. Ba ne ba tshwara ditshedi tse di nang le lerapo la mokwatla metsotso mengwe le mengwe e le masome a matlhano mme ba bolaya diphologolo tse dinnye di ka nna lesome le bone mo bosigong bo le bongwe. Di ne di bolaya di- shrew le dipeba ka go di loma mo molaleng kgotsa mo tlhogong mme di di ja gotlhelele. Ba ne ba latela dinonyane ka tidimalo, ba latelwa ke go lelekisa ka bonako le go tlolela kwa bogodimong jwa 1.4 m (4 ft 7 in) le go feta sekgala sa 2 m (6 ft 7 in), gape ba tshwara dingwe mo moweng. Ba ne ba di gogela kwa tlase fa fatshe mme ba ja dinonyane tse dinnye tse di tshwanang le nonyane ya kwa Kapa (Mirafra apiata) le nonyane ya direthe tsa dintlhana (Chersomanes albofasciata) kwa ntle ga go kgetla. Ba ne ba kgetla dinonyane tse dikgolo jaaka korhaan e ntsho ya bokone (Afrotis afraoides), ba ja diura di le mmalwa, ba fitlha masalela mo dikhuting mme ba a khurumetsa ka motlhaba.<ref name=":13" /> Dikonyana tse di sa tswang go tsalwa tsa springbok (Antidorcas marsupialis) di nna di iphitlhile ka tidimalo mo lehuting kgotsa ka fa tlase ga sekgwa malatsi a le mmalwa a ntlha a matshelo a tsona.<ref>Bigalke, R.C. (1972). [https://www.ajol.info/index.php/az/article/download/151186/140764 "Observations on the behaviour and feeding habits of the springbok, ''Antidorcas marsupialis''"]. ''African Zoology''. '''7''' (1): 333–359. doi:10.1080/00445096.1972.11447448. Archived from the original on 27 July 2020. Retrieved 20 May 2020.</ref> E tonanyana e ne ya thula kwanyana e e neng e ikhutsitse mo bojannyeng, mme ya tlogela go tsoma morago ga gore kwanyana e eme ka dinao. Moragonyana e ne ya tlhotlhora setopo sa nku e e neng e sa tswa go swa e e neng e le bokete jwa dikilogerama di ka nna 3 (6.6 lb). E ne e ja nama e e ka nnang 120 g (0.26 lb) mo go nngwe le nngwe ya ditlhaselo di le mmalwa tsa go ja, e simolola kwa diropeng, e dira tsela ya yone go tswa kwa tlase ga mokwatla go feta mo matlhakoreng go ya kwa molaleng; moragonyana e ne ya bula sehuba mme ya ja dirwe tse di kafa teng. Ditshenekegi tse di jaaka dintlhwa tsa barobi, ditsie le diboko di ne di dira bokana ka 2% ya bontsi jwa diphologolo tse di jewang.<ref name=":13" /> Ka kakaretso go ne ga supiwa mefuta e le masome a matlhano le bone ya diphofu tsa katse e e maoto a mantsho, mme peba ya gerbil (Malacothrix typica) e ne e le nngwe ya diphofu tsa yone tse di botlhokwa thata. Palogare ya diphologotswana tsa yona e bokete jwa 24.1 g (0.85 oz) ka diamusi tse dinnye tse di bopang setlhopha sa diphologolo tse di botlhokwa thata, e latelwa ke diamusi tse dikgolo tse di bokete jwa go feta 100 g (3.5 oz) le dinonyane tse dinnye.<ref>Sliwa, A. (2006). "Seasonal and sex-specific prey composition of black-footed cats ''Felis nigripes''". ''Acta Theriologica''. '''51''' (2): 195–204. [[doi:10.1007/BF03192671|doi:10.1007/BF03192671.]] S2CID&#x20;46729038.</ref> == Go tsala le botshelo == Mo botshwarong, dikatse tse ditonanyana tsa maoto a mantsho di gola ka thobalano fa di le dikgwedi di le robongwe, mme tse di namagadi fa di le dikgwedi di le supa.<ref name=":10" /> Oestrus ya tsona e tsaya diura di ka nna masome a mararo le borataro, ​​mme boimana bo tsaya malatsi a le masome a marataro le boraro go ya go tse masome a marataro le borobabobedi.[29] E namagadi e tsala go fitlha go di-litter di le pedi ka ngwaga ka nako ya selemo sa Southern Hemisphere magareng ga kgwedi ya Phalane le ya Mopitlwe. Gantse e tsala katsana e le nngwe kgotsa di le pedi, mo mabakeng a a sa tlwaelegang gape le dikatse di le nne.<ref name=":10" /> Dikatse tsa naga tse di namagadi tsa maoto a mantsho tse di neng tsa lemogiwa kwa nageng di ne di amogela go nyalana diura di le tlhano go ya go di le lesome fela, mme seno se ne se tlhoka gore tse ditonanyana di di bone ka bonako. Tse ditonanyana di lwela go fitlhelela tse di namagadi. Go tlhakanela dikobo go diragala mo e ka nnang metsotso mengwe le mengwe e le masome a mabedi go ya go e le masome a matlhano.<ref name=":12" /> Dikatse di bokete jwa digram di le masome a marataro go ya go di le masome a robabongwe le boraro (2.1 go ya go 3.3 oz) fa di tsalwa; di tsholwa di foufetse e bile di sa kgone go dira sepe, le fa gone di kgona go gagaba morago ga diura di le mmalwa fela. Matlho a tsona a bulega ka malatsi a le mararo go ya go a le lesome, mme meno a tsona a a tlhotlhoregang a thubega fa di le dibeke di le pedi go ya go di le tharo. Mo kgweding e le nngwe, di tsaya dijo tse di tiileng, mme di kgwesiwa fa di le dikgwedi di le pedi. Meno a tsone a sennela ruri a tswa fa di le malatsi a le lekgolo le masome a mane le borobabobedi go ya go a le lekgolo le masome a matlhano le borobabobedi.<ref name=":10" /> Dinamagadi tse di tshwerweng di ne tsa lemogiwa di leka go sutisetsa dikatse tsa tsone kwa lefelong le lesha la go iphitlha malatsi mangwe le mangwe a le marataro go ya go a le lesome morago ga beke ya go tsalwa ga tsone, kgapetsakgapetsa thata go feta dikatse tse dingwe tse dinnye. Di kgona go tsamaya mo dibekeng tse pedi mme di simolole go palama fa di le dibeke di le tharo.<ref>Leyhausen, P. & Tonkin, B. (1966). "Breeding the black-footed cat (''Felis nigripes'') in captivity". ''International Zoo Yearbook''. '''6''' (6): 178–182. [[doi:10.1111/j.1748-1090.1966.tb01744.x|doi:10.1111/j.1748-1090.1966.tb01744.x.]]</ref> Kwa nageng, dikatsenyana di tsalelwa mo dikhuting tsa springhare tsa Aforika Borwa kgotsa mo dithoteng tsa dintlhwa tse di khuti. Go tloga fa di na le malatsi a le manè go ya pele, mmè o tlogela dikatse tsa gagwe di le tsosi go fitlha go diura di le lesome masigo. Fa di na le dibeke di le thataro, di kgona go tsamaya ka bonako mme di tswa mo lesageng kgapetsakgapetsa. Dikatsenyana le tse dinnye tse di ikemetseng di mo kotsing ya go nna diphologolo tse dingwe tse di jang nama jaaka phokoje e e nang le mokwatla o montsho (Canis mesomelas), diphokoje tse di nang le mokwatla o montsho (Caracal caracal) le diphokoje tse di jang nama tsa bosigo.<ref>Sliwa, A. (1996). "Pleasures and Worries of a Black-Footed Cat Field Study in South Africa". ''Cat Times''. '''23''': 1–3.</ref> Di kgona go ikemela ka nosi morago ga dikgwedi di le tharo go ya go di le nne mme di na le tlwaelo ya go nna mo lefelong la legae la ga mmaatsone. Dikatse tse di nang le maoto a mantsho tse di tshwerweng di ka tshela dingwaga di le lesome le botlhano le dikgwedi di le tharo.<ref name=":8" /> == Malwetse == Dikatse tse di tshwerweng le tse di tsamayang ka kgololesego tse di nang le maoto a mantsho ka bobedi di bontsha go anama go go kwa godimo ga AA amyloidosis, e e bakang dithulaganyo tsa go ruruga tse di sa foleng mme gantsi e felela ka go palelwa ke go dira ga diphilo le loso.<ref name=":10" /><ref>Terio, K.A.; O'Brien, T.; Lamberski, N.; Famula, T. R. & Munson, L. (2008). [[doi:10.1354/vp.45-3-393|"Amyloidosis in black-footed cats (''Felis nigripes'')".]] ''Veterinary Pathology Online''. '''45''' (3): 393–400. [[doi:10.1354/vp.45-3-393]]. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18487501 PMID&#x20;18487501]. [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:43387363 S2CID&#x20;43387363].</ref>Dikatse tsa naga tse di nang le maoto a mantsho di ka tshelanwa bonolo ke malwetse a a tshelanwang go tswa mo dintšeng tsa mo gae le dikatse.<ref>Lamberski, N.; Sliwa, A.; Wilson, B.; Herrick, J. & Lawrenz, A. (2009). "Conservation of black-footed cats (''Felis nigripes'') and prevalence of infectious diseases in sympatric carnivores in the Northern Cape Province, South Africa". In Wibbelt, G.; Kretzschmar, P.; Hofer, H. & Seet, S. (eds.). ''Proceedings of the International Conference on Diseases of Zoo and Wild Animals 2009: May 20th – 24th, 2009, Beekse Bergen''. Berlin: Leibniz-Institut für Zoo- und Wildtierforschung. pp.&#x20;243–245.</ref> == Matshosetsi == Matshosetsi a a itsegeng a akaretsa mekgwa ya taolo ya diphologolo tse di jang ditshedi tse dingwe ka go sa tlhaole, jaaka go tsenngwa botlhole ka phepiso le dirai tsa steel-jaw, tshenyo ya bonno go tswa mo go fuleng go feta selekanyo, go fokotsega ga palo ya di-springhare tsa Aforika Borwa, go ja diphologolo tse dingwe mo teng ga setlhopha, malwetse, le mekgwa e e sa tshwanelang ya temothuo. Dikatse di le mmalwa tse di nang le maoto a mantsho di bolailwe ke dintša tse di disang. Bontsi jwa mafelo a a sireleditsweng a ka nna mannye thata go ka somarela ka mo go lekaneng ditlhophapotlana tse di ka tshelang. == Tshomarelo == Katse ya maoto a mantsho e kwadilwe mo lenaaneng la Mametlelelo I la CITES mme e sireleditswe mo bontsing jwa lefelo la yone go akaretsa le Botswana le Aforika Borwa, kwa go tsomiwang go leng kgatlhanong le molao gone.[1] === Patlisiso === Setlhopha sa Tiro sa Dikatse tsa Maoto a Mantsho se dira porojeke ya patlisiso kwa Lefelong la Tlhago la Benfontein le kwa Polasing ya Nuwejaarsfontein gaufi le Kimberley, Kapa Bokone.<ref>Sliwa, A.; Wilson, B. & Lawrenz, A. (2010). [http://koelnerzoo.de/images/pdf/Zeitschriften/Sliwa_Wilson_Report_SA_2010.pdf Report on surveying and catching black-footed cats (''Felis nigripes'') on Nuwejaarsfontein Farm / Benfontein Nature Reserve, 4–20 July 2010] (PDF) (Report). Black-footed Cat Working Group. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200727005227/http://koelnerzoo.de/images/pdf/Zeitschriften/Sliwa_Wilson_Report_SA_2010.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 27 July 2020. Retrieved 30 April 2020</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bobedi , porojeke e e ne ya atolosediwa kwa Polaseng ya Biesiesfontein e e mo kgaolong ya Victoria Bophirima.<ref>Sliwa, A.; Wilson, B.; Lamberski, N. & Lawrenz, A. (2013). [https://web.archive.org/web/20200727000718/http://koelnerzoo.de/images/pdf/Zeitschriften/Sliwa_Wilson_Report_SA_2012.pdf Report on surveying, catching and monitoring black-footed cats (''Felis nigripes'') on Benfontein Nature Reserve, Nuwejaarsfontein Farm, and Biesiesfontein in 2012] (PDF) (Report). Black-footed Cat Working Group. [[Archived]] (PDF) from the original on 27 July 2020. Retrieved 30 April 2020.</ref> Magareng ga ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bobedi le ngwaga wa masome a mabedi le lesome le borobabobedi, dikatse di le masome a marataro le botlhano tsa maoto a mantsho di ne tsa tsenngwa dikholara tsa radio mme tsa latelwa ka nako e telele go tokafatsa go tlhaloganya ka ga thulaganyo ya tsona ya loago, bogolo le tiriso ya mefuta ya tsona ya magae, maitsholo a go tsoma le popego ya dijo tsa tsona.<ref>Sliwa, A. (2018). "25 years of Black-footed Cat ''Felis nigripes'' field research and conservation". In Appel, A.; Mukherjee, S.; Cheyne, S. M. (eds.). ''Proceedings of the First International Small Wild Cat Conservation Summit, 11–14 September 2017, United Kingdom''. Bad Marienberg, Germany; Coimbatore, India; Oxford, United Kingdom: Wild Cat Network, Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History, Borneo Nature Foundation. pp.&#x20;7–8.</ref> Dirai tsa dikhamera di dirisiwa go ela tlhoko maitsholo a dikatse tse di nang le maoto a mantsho tse di nang le kholara ya radio le tirisanommogo ya tsone le diphiri tsa tlhogo (Proteles cristatus).<ref>Sliwa, A.; Wilson, B.; Lawrenz, A.; Lamberski, N.; Herrick, J. & Küsters, M. (2018). "Camera trap use in the study of black-footed cats (''Felis nigripes'')". ''African Journal of Ecology''. '''56''' (4): [https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018AfJEc..56..895S 895–897. Bibcode:2018AfJEc]..56..895S. [[doi:10.1111/aje.12564]]. S2CID&#x20;92801273.</ref> === Mo botshwarong === Lefelo la Diphologolo la Wuppertal le ne sa bona dikatse tsa maoto a mantsho ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le bosupa, mme sa atlega go di tsadisa ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le boraro. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le boraro, go ne ga tlhamiwa Thulaganyo ya Mefuta ya Ditshedi e e Kotsing ya go Nyelela ya Yuropa go gokaganya gore ke diphologolo dife tse di tshwanelang go kopanngwa go boloka mefutafuta ya dijini le go tila go tsadisana. Buka ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Katse ya Maoto a Mantsho e ne e beilwe kwa Serapeng sa Diphologolo sa Wuppertal kwa Jeremane.<ref>Olbricht, G. & Schürer, U. (1994). ''International Studbook for the Black-footed Cat 1994''. Zoologischer Garten der Stadt Wuppertal.</ref> Go tloga ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bongwe, go ne go na le direkoto tse di tletseng tsa paloyothe ya dikatse di le makgolo a supa le masome a mabedi le borataro tse di tshwerweng fa e sale ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bone ; lefatshe ka bophara, batho ba le masome a supa le bone ba ne ba bewa mo ditheong di le masome a mabedi le boraro kwa Jeremane, United Arab Emirates, US, UK, le Aforika Borwa.<ref>Stadler, A. (2011). ''International studbook for the black-footed cat (''Felis nigripes'')''. Vol.&#x20;15. Zoologischer Garten der Stadt Wuppertal.</ref> Dirapa tsa diphologolo di le mmalwa di begile katlego ya go tsala, go akaretsa le [[Dirapa tsa Diphologolo tsa Cleveland|Lefelo la diphologolo la Cleveland]], <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130920181420/http://www.clemetzoo.com/whats_new/new_animals.asp "Press Release: Animal News: Second Litter of Black Footed Cats".] Cleveland Metroparks Zoo. 2012. Archived from [http://www.clemetzoo.com/whats_new/new_animals.asp the original] on 20 September 2013.</ref> [[Dirapa tsa Diphologolo tsa Fresno|Lefelo la Diphologolo la Fresno]],<ref>Condoian, L. (2011). [https://web.archive.org/web/20111114152306/http://www.fresnochaffeezoo.org/pdf/2011-0609minutes.pdf "General Meeting of the Board of Directors"] (PDF). ''FresnoChaffeeZoo.org''. Fresno Chaffee Zoo Corporation. Archived from [http://www.fresnochaffeezoo.org/pdf/2011-0609minutes.pdf the original] (PDF) on 14 November 2011.</ref> [[Dirapa tsa Diphologolo tsa Brookfield|Lefelo la diphologolo la Brookfield]],<ref>Katzen, S. (2012). [https://web.archive.org/web/20120331001315/http://www.czs.org/CZS/About-CZS/Press-Room/Press-Releases/Black-Footed-Cats-Born-A-First-at-Brookfield-Zoo "Black-footed cats born: A first at Brookfield Zoo".] ''Chicago Zoological Society''. Archived from [http://www.czs.org/CZS/About-CZS/Press-Room/Press-Releases/Black-Footed-Cats-Born-A-First-at-Brookfield-Zoo the original] on 31 March 2012.</ref>le Lefelo la diphologolo la [[Dirapa tsa Diphologolo tsa Philadelphia|Philadelphia]].<ref>Rearick, K. (2014). [http://www.nj.com/indulge/index.ssf/2014/06/philadelphia_zoo_visitors_paws_to_gush_over_black-footed_cat_kittens.html "Philadelphia Zoo visitors 'paws' to gush over black-footed cat kittens"]. ''South Jersey Times''. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 10 June 2014.</ref> Setheo sa Tlhago sa Audubon sa Patlisiso ka Mefuta e e mo Kotsing ya go Nyelela se dira ka dijini tse di gatetseng pele tse di akaretsang dikatse.<ref>Jeffries, A. (2013). [https://www.theverge.com/2013/11/6/4841714/where-cats-glow-green-weird-feline-science-acres-in-new-orleans "Where cats glow green: Weird feline science in New Orleans".] ''The Verge''. Archived from the original on 21 January 2018. Retrieved 30 August 2017.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bongwe , namagadi e e neng e beilwe koo e ne ya tsala dikatse tse pedi tse ditonanyana – dikatse tsa ntlha tsa maoto a mantsho tse di neng tsa tsalwa ka ntlha ya go nontshiwa ga in vitro go dirisiwa peo ya bonna e e gatseditsweng le e e gakolositsweng le di-embryo tse di gatseditsweng le tse di gakolositsweng. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le boraro , peo ya bonna e ne ya tsewa mo go e tona mme morago ga moo ya gatsediwa. E ne ya dirisiwa go nontsha lee ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano , go tlhama di-embryo tse di neng tsa gakololwa mme tsa fetisediwa kwa namagading e e emelang ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome . Namagadi e ne ya rwala di-embryo go fitlha kwa nakong mme ya tsala dikatse tse pedi.<ref>Burnette, S. (2011). [https://web.archive.org/web/20140218041529/http://www.auduboninstitute.org/media/releases/rare-cats-born-through-amazing-science "Rare cats born through amazing science at Audubon Center for Research of Endangered Species".] ''AudubonInstitute.org''. Audubon Nature Institute. Archived from [[the original]] on 18 February 2014.</ref>Setheo sone se begile gore ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola borataro ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bobedi, katsana ya katse e e namagadi ya maoto a mantsho, Crystal, e ne ya tsholwa ke moemedi wa katse ya mo gae morago ga go fetisiwa ga lesea le le mo mefuteng e e farologaneng.<ref>Waller, M. (2012). [https://web.archive.org/web/20180120235949/http://www.nola.com/education/index.ssf/2012/03/audubon_center_in_algiers_logs.html "Audubon center in Algiers logs another breakthrough in genetic engineering of endangered cats".] ''NOLA.com''. New Orleans Net. Archived from [http://www.nola.com/education/index.ssf/2012/03/audubon_center_in_algiers_logs.html the original] on 20 January 2018.</ref> == Metswedi == 9rqflgnbjwcpblq9tokoe5bvt08kdvd 0 9359 53540 37228 2026-07-29T07:03:13Z JudithShe 9421 Ke okeditse thanolo ya tsebe e #Wikipedia25BW 53540 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alinah Kelo Segobye''' ke morotloetsi le motlhatlhela dipuisano, motlhatlhobi wa masaladi o o itebagantseng le go rotloetsa le go tlhatlhela dipuisano ka mogare wa [[HIV/AIDS mo Botswana|HIV/AIDS]] mo isagong o nale keletso ya go ithutela go tlhatlhoba dilo tsa segologolo le go tlhatlhoba masaladi mo kontinenteng ya Aferika.<ref name=":0">"[https://www.unesco.org/new/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/HQ/BSP/pdf/infonote.pdf UNESCO Future Forum Africa #2: Decolonizing African Futures: Exploring and Realigning Alternative Systems]" (PDF). ''UNESCO''. 6 December 2013.</ref> Ke moeteledipele wa maranyane a batho kwa mmadikolo wa [[Namibia University of Science and Technology]] gape o ile a tlhopiwa ele mongwe wa leloko la [[African Academy of Sciences.]] == Dithuto == Mme Segobye o feditse dithuto tsa tse di kgolo kwa [[mmadikolo wa Botswana]] o ne a aloga gape kwa mmadikolo wa University of Cambridge kwa ile a neelwa setlankana sa PHD mo tlhatlhobong ya masaledi ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le bone.<ref>[https://www.foresightfordevelopment.org/profile/prof-alinah-kelo-segobye Townsend, Leonie. "Prof Alinah Kelo Segobye". ''Welcome to Foresight For Development'']. Retrieved 27 February 2020.</ref> == Tiro == Mme Segobye o berekile ele mothusa moeteledipele wa maranyane a batho le dipatlisiso mo khanseleng kwa Aferika Borwa. O ne a tswelela ka go ya go direla kwa [[mmadikolo wa Botswana]] pele a tsaya maemo a gagwe a mo bo gompeinong a go nna mookamedi wa maranyane a batho kwa mmadikolo wa [[University of Science and Technology]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220812060113/http://fhs.nust.na/ "Alinah Segobye | Faculty of Human Sciences"]. ''fhs.nust.na''. Retrieved 27 February 2020.</ref> O ne a nna tautona wa lekalana la PanAfrican Archaeological Association go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano go fitlheleleng ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le lesome.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240429090435/https://www.panafprehistory.org/en/static/previous-congress-proceedings Congresses and Presidents – PanAfrican Archaeological Association"]. ''www.panafprehistory.org''. Retrieved 22 October 2021.</ref> == Temogo == Segobye ke motho o o tlhophilweng wa African Academy of Sciences (ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabobedi)<ref name=":1">[https://web.archive.org/web/20200227153904/https://www.aasciences.africa/fellow/segobye-alinah-kelo "Segobye Alinah Kelo | The AAS".] ''www.aasciences.africa''. Archived from the original on 27 February 2020. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> gape e le moporofesa wa tlotla wa [[Thabo Mbeki|Thabo Mbek]]<nowiki/>i African Leadership Institute (TMALI), kwa University of South Africa.<ref>[https://theconversation.com/profiles/alinah-kelo-segobye-172002 "Alinah Kelo Segobye".] ''The Conversation''. 25 May 2015. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> O bereka mo lekgotleng la African Comprehensive HIV/AIDS partnerships (ACHAP).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200210192616/http://www.achap.org/board.php "Welcome to ACHAP".] ''www.achap.org''. Archived from the original on 10 February 2020. Retrieved 29 July 2029</ref> O ne a lalediwa go buisa phuthego ya bobedi ya UNESCO Future Forum Africa ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le boraro.<ref name=":0" /> E ne e le moithuti o o etileng kwa Bradford Rotary Peace Centre (ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borataro)<ref name=":1" /> == Metswedi == d57vl4am7byyt5m4etin3d4cq019xwf 0 9566 53505 51823 2026-07-28T17:33:07Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53505 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football club|clubname=Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies F.C.|fullname=Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies Football Club|nickname=''The Brazilians<br />Banyana Ba Style<br />Masandawana<br />Downs<br /> Ka bo Yellow''|founded={{start date and age|2009}}|ground=[[Lucas Moripe Stadium]]|capacity=28 900|owner=[[Patrice Motsepe]]|chairman=[[Tlhopie Motsepe]]|mgrtitle=Head coach|manager={{flagicon|RSA}} [[Jerry Tshabalala]]|league=[[SAFA Women's League]]|season=[[2023 SAFA Women's League|2023]]|position=1st|website=www.sundownsfc.co.za|pattern_la1=_mamelodi2021h|pattern_b1=_mamelodi2021h|pattern_ra1=_mamelodi2021h|pattern_so1=_mamelodi2021H|leftarm1=FFDF00|body1=FFDF00|rightarm1=FFDF00|shorts1=FFFFFF|socks1=FFFFFF|pattern_la2=_mamelodi2021a|pattern_b2=_mamelodi2021a|pattern_ra2=_mamelodi2021a|pattern_so2=_mamelodi2021A|leftarm2=0033FF|body2=0033FF|short name=Sundowns, MSFC, MSL|shorts2=FFFFFF|socks2=0033FF|rightarm2=0033FF}} '''Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies F.C.''' ke setlhopha sa bomme sa kgwele ya dinao se se porofeshionale se se kwa Pretoria, South Africa. Ke setlhopha se se gaisanang mo SAFA Women's League, legato le le kwa godimo mo liking ya kgwele ya dinao ya bomme kwa Afrika Borwa.<ref>"[https://citizen.co.za/phakaaathi/local-soccer/2435970/sundowns-ladies-coach-excited-by-return-of-womens-football/ Sundowns Ladies coach excited by return women's football]". ''Daily Citizen''. 4 February 2021. Retrieved 29 July 2021.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20210729060240/https://www.kickoff.com/news/articles/south-africa-news/categories/news/premiership/mamelodi-sundowns-ladies-to-compete-in-women-s-caf-champions-league/680853 Mamelodi Sundowns ladies to compete in women's caf champions]". ''Kickoff''. 2 July 2021. Retrieved 29 July 2021.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20241127132105/https://gsport.co.za/sundowns-claim-inaugural-snwl-title/ Sundowns Ladies claim SNWL Title]". ''Gsport.co.za''. 23 February 2020. Retrieved 29 July 2021.</ref><ref>"[https://www.cosafa.com/sundowns-in-top-form-ahead-of-regional-champions-league/ Sundowns in top form ahead of regional Champions League]". ''Cosofa.com''. 13 August 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2021.</ref> Ke bone setlhopha se se atlegileng thata mo kgweleng ya bomme kwa Afrika Borwa ka bommampodi ba ba rataro. Setlhopha se, ga mmogo le setlhopha sa borre ke tsa ga Patrice Motsepe. Ba fentse CAF Women's Champions League ya ntlhantlha ka 2015.<ref>Diamond, Drew (16 November 2023). "[https://herfootballhub.com/south-african-club-mamelodi-sundowns-to-release-netflix-documentary/ South African club Mamelodi Sundowns to release Netflix documentary]". ''Her Football Hub''. Retrieved 16 November 2023.</ref> Mo go ipatleleng phatlha, CAF Women's Champions League COSAFA Qualifiers tsa 2021, ba ne ba fenya ba sa latlhegelwe le fa e le gangwe fela. Se se ne sa ba isa kwa CAF Women's Champions League ya 2021 e ba neng ba e fenya ba sena tatlhegelo gape ba sa nosiwa. Ka Mopitlo wa 2024, setlhopha se ne sa tlhoma mokatisi mogolo wa sone wa ntlha wa kgwele ya dinao ya bomme e leng Christa Kgamphe.<ref>Diamond, Drew (20 March 2024). "[https://herfootballhub.com/south-africa-mamelodi-sundowns-appoint-first-ever-head-of-womens-football/ Mamelodi Sundowns appoint first ever Head of Women's Football]". ''Her Football Hub''. Retrieved 20 March 2024.</ref> == Ditso == Setlhopha se se tlhamilwe ka Lwetse a ferabongwe ka 2009 ke monnga sone Patrice Motsepe mme sa tsaya karolo mo Sasol Women's League ya ntlhantlha. Ka 2013 ba fenya bosimega ja setshaba ja bone ja ntlha kwa Sasol League National Championships ka 2013. Ba fenya ka dino tse pedi go lefela kgatlhanong le sa kwa Limpopo sa Ma-Indies Ladie mo mkgaolakgang a a neng a tshwaretswe kwa Klerksdorp.<ref>SAFA (1 December 2013). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20250220161339/https://gsport.co.za/sundowns-deserved-sasol-league-champions/ Sundowns Deserved SASOL League Champions]". ''gsport4girls''. Retrieved 7 May 2024.</ref> Ka 2015 ba baya Sasol League National Championship rekote ya go nosa dino fa ba fenya Galeshewe Ladies ka masome a mabedi le botlhano go lefela kwa Sasol League National Championship ya 2015 kwa Sasolburg.<ref>"[https://www.georgeherald.com/news/Sport/Football/153710/www.georgeherald.com/Sport/Article/Football/sundowns-blast-record-breaking-25-goals-past-galeshewe-ladies-20170711 Sundowns blast record-breaking 25 goals past Galeshewe Ladies]". ''George Herald''. Retrieved 26 March 2024.</ref> Ba ne ba tswelela ba ya go fenya bommampodi ja setshaba ba bo ba kuka bosimega ja bobedi, ba fenya Cape Town Roses ka tse tlhano go lefela kwa makgaolakgang.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20240326035518/https://www.snl24.com/dailysun/sport/mamelodi-sundowns-ladies-win-sasol-league-20151214 Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies win Sasol League]". ''Daily Sun''. Retrieved 26 March 2024.</ref> Sundowns e fentse SAFA Women's League ya ntlhantlha ba sa latlhegelwa, diphenyo tse masome mabedi le motso le maleka a le mangwe fela, ba nosa dino tse masome a ferabobedi le boraro mme ba nosiwa tse lesome le boraro fela.<ref>Laduma, Soccer. "[https://www.snl24.com/soccerladuma/local/premiership/mamelodi-sundowns/mamelodi-sundowns-ladies-crowned-champions-of-safas-national-womens-league-20200223 Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies Crowned Champions Of SAFA's National Women's League]". ''Soccer Laduma''. Retrieved 7 May 2024.</ref> == Metswedi == ac3n22u1xnkugwdpo2cv9gvgcj2a2lo 0 9590 53482 51969 2026-07-28T14:14:08Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53482 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography|name=Lelona Daweti|full_name=Lelona Daweti|birth_date=8 September 1999|height=152 cm|position=[[Attacking Midfielder]]|currentclub=[[Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies F.C.|Mamelodi Sundowns]]|clubnumber=21|youthyears1=2017-2021|youthclubs1=[[Cape Town Roses]]|clubs1=[[Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies F.C.|Mamelodi Sundowns]]|years1=2022-|medaltemplates={{MedalCompetition|[[CAF Women's Champions League]]}} {{MedalSilver|[[2022 CAF Women's Champions League|2022 Morocco]]|}} {{MedalCompetition|[[COSAFA Women's Champions League]]}} {{MedalSilver|[[2022 COSAFA Women's Champions League|2022 South Africa]]|}} {{MedalGold|[[2023 COSAFA Women's Champions League|2023 South Africa]]|}} {{Medal|Country|{{fba|South Africa}}}} {{MedalCompetition|[[COSAFA Women's Championship]]}} {{MedalSilver|[[2022 COSAFA Women's Championship|2022 South Africa]]|}}|nationalteam1=[[South Africa women's national under-20 football team|South Africa U20]]|nationalteam2=[[South Africa women's national soccer team|South Africa]]|nationalyears1=2017|nationalyears2=2022-}} '''Lelona "Kokota Lelo" Daweti''' (yo o tshotsweng ka Letswe a le malatsi a boferabobedi ka 1999) ke motshameki wa kgwele ya dinao wa Aforika borwa yo o tshamekang kwa pele mo setlhopheng sa SAFA Women's League sa [[Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies F.C.|Mamelodi Sundowns]] le mo go sa setshaba sa bomme sa Aforika Borwa.<ref>Ntsoelengoe, Tshepo (2 November 2022). "[https://www.citizen.co.za/sport/soccer/local-soccer/daweti-helps-sundowns-ladies-beat-bayesla/ Daweti helps Sundowns Ladies beat Bayesla]". ''The Citizen''. Retrieved 10 November 2023.</ref> == Tiro ya setlhopha == '''<big>Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies</big>''' O ile kwa setlhopheng sa SAFA Women's League sa [[Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies F.C.|Mamelodi Sundowns]] kwa South Africa ebile e ne e le karolo ya setlhopha se se neng sa tsaya maemo a bobedi ya COSAFA Women's Champions League ya 2022 le CAF Women's Champions League ya 2022.<ref>Abrahams, Celine (14 November 2022). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20250331142941/https://gsport.co.za/asfar-crowned-2022-caf-womens-champions-league-winners/ ASFAR Crowned 2022 CAF Women's Champions League Winners]". ''gsport4girls''. Retrieved 10 November 2023.</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20240905195206/https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/authors/mahlatse-mphahlele/. "[https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/sport/soccer/2021-11-20-sundowns-ladies-crowned-inaugural-caf-womens-champions-league-winners/ Sundowns Ladies crowned inaugural Caf Women's Champions League winners]". SowetanLIVE. Retrieved 10 November 2023. {{cite web}}: External link in |last= (help)</ref> O ne a tsenngwa mo ba ba lesome le motso ba ba gaisitseng kwa CAF Women's Champions League ya 2022.<ref>Sithole, Sinethemba (16 November 2022). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20231111115200/https://thisisfootball.africa/three-sundowns-ladies-make-it-in-champions-league-best-xi/ Three Sundowns Ladies Make it in Champions League Best XI]". ''This is Football''. Retrieved 10 November 2023.</ref> Moragonyana mo ngwageng oo, o ne a fenya bosimega ja gagwe ja ntlha ja SAFA Women's League le Sundowns.<ref>profseuno, profseuno (27 November 2022). "[https://kick442.com/sundowns-presented-with-third-straight-league-title/ Sundowns presented with third straight league title]". ''KICK442 Sport News''. Retrieved 21 December 2023.</ref> Ka 2023 e ne e le tokololo ya setlhopha se se neng sa fenya COSAFA Women's Champions League ya 2023. Daweti o ne a pataganetsi bonosi jo bo kwa godimo mo kgaisanong eo ka dino di le tharo.<ref>"[https://www.cafonline.com/caf-womens-champions-league/news/mamelodi-sundowns-to-represent-cosafa-region-at-caf-women-s-champions-league/ Mamelodi Sundowns to represent COSAFA region at CAF Women's Champions League]". ''CAF''. 9 August 2023. Retrieved 1 January 2024.</ref> O ne a bona kgobalo e e neng ya mo ntshetsa kwa ntle mo masaleleng a setlha seo. == Tiro ya boditshabatshaba == Ka 2017 o ne a tlhophiwa mo setlhopeng sa Basetsana sa go ipatlela phatlha kwa sejaneng sa lefatshe sa U/20.<ref>Oriaku, Peter (23 January 2018). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20231110141530/https://www.completesports.com/south-africas-daweti-%E2%80%8Econfident-basetsana-will-beat-falconets-aggregate-u-20-w-cup-ticket/ South Africa's Daweti Confident Basetsana Will Beat Falconets On Aggregate For U-20 W/Cup Ticket]". ''Complete Sports''. Retrieved 10 November 2023</ref><ref>REPORTER, SUNSPORT. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20231110113709/https://www.snl24.com/dailysun/sport/basetsana-squad-for-u-20-wc-qualifiers-20170906 BASETSANA SQUAD FOR U-20 WC QUALIFIERS]". ''Daily Sun''. Retrieved 10 November 2023.</ref> Ka 2022 Daweti a gaisana mo setlhopheng sa bomme se segolo sa Aforika Borwa kwa COSAFA Women's Championship ya 2022 kwa ba neng ba tsaya maemo a bobedi fa morago ga Zambia. == Ditlotla == === Setlhopha === '''Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies''' * SAFA Women's League: 2022, 2023 '''South Africa''' * COSAFA Women's Championship:maemo a bobedi: 2022 '''Tsa gagwe''' * 2023 COSAFA Women's Champions League: Monosi yo o kwa godimo (dino tse tharo) == Metswedi == o4vtkxr2ezr74euyri94gs1iay43zzx 0 10749 53549 53234 2026-07-29T10:22:08Z JudithShe 9421 Ke tsentse setshwantsho mo tsebeng e #Wikipedia25BW 53549 wikitext text/x-wiki [[:en:Public_holidays|Malatsi a boikhutso]] a [[Botswana]] a laolwa thata ke bathapi ba puso ba ba fiwang malatsi a boikhutso a a duelwang. Thulaganyo ya malatsi a boikhutso a puso e solegela badiredi ba puso le ba dikgwebo tse di laolwang ke puso molemo thata. Ka fa mothapi a bonang ka teng, malatsi a mangwe a boikhutso a e seng a semmuso a jaaka [[:en:Christmas_Eve|maitseboa a Keresemose]] ke a a tlwaelegileng a okediwang mo palong ya malatsi a boikhutso a a duelwang.<ref name=":0">[2]</ref> Malatsi a magolo a boikhutso a [[:en:Christianity|bakeresete]] a jaaka [[:en:Christmas|Keresemose]] le [[:en:Good_Friday|Labotlhano yo o Molemo]] a ketekwa semmuso, go letlelelwa malatsi a boikhutso a mangwe a bodumedi. Ka sekai, bana bangwe ba sekolo le badiri ba tsaya malatsi a boikhutso ka malatsi a boikhutso a [[:en:Muslim_holidays|Bamoseleme]], [[:en:List_of_Hindu_festivals|malatsi a boikhutso a Bahindu]], kana malatsi a boikhutso a [[:en:Eastern_Orthodox_Church|Eastern Orthodox]] go ya ka [[:en:Julian_calendar|khalendara ya ga Julian]]. Le fa ka tlwaelo batho ba Batswana ba sa ye tirong, ba keteka [[:en:Valentine's_Day|Letsatsi la Baratiwa,]] [[:en:Halloween|Halowine]], [[:en:Mother's_Day|letsatsi la Bomme]] le [[:en:Father's_Day|letsatsi la Borre]]<nowiki/>ke ditlwaelo tsa setso tsa [[:en:Tswana_people|Batswana]].<ref name=":0" /> == Malatsi a boikhutso a setshaba == Letsatsi la boikhutso mo Botswana le laolwa ka molao ke palamente ya Botswana. Bontsi jwa babereki, ba puso le ba mohama o o ikemetseng, ba na le tshwanelo ya go tsaya letsatsi ba sa theogela mme ba duelwa madi a a lekanang le a dinako tsotlhe. Le fa go ntse jalo, bahiri bangwe ba tlhoka gore babereki ba bone ba bereke ka letsatsi leo la boikhutso, mme mohiri o tshwanetse go amogela letsatsi a sa theogela mo boemong jwa letsatsi la boikhutso kgotsa o tshwanetse go duelwa ka seelo se se kwa godimo - gantsi ke bongwe le sephatlho kgotsa gabedi, tuelo ya gale le gale ya nako e ba e berekileng ka letsatsi leo, fa godimo ga letsatsi la boikhutso.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140201194731/http://www.bse.co.bw/holidays.php "BSE - Public Holidays and None Trading days".] ''www.bse.co.bw''. Retrieved 24 July 2026</ref> == Malatsi a boikhutso a lefatshe la Botswana == {| class="wikitable" |+ !Letsatsi !Leina !ditshwaelo |- |Firikgong a rogwa go tsena a le malatsi a mabedi |Letsatsi la ngwaga o mosha |go ipelelwa letsatsi la ntlha la ngwaga mongwe le mongwe. |- |Mopitlo kgotsa Moranang |Labotlhano o o molemo |Go ipelelwa segopotso sa papolo ya ga Keresete |- |Mopitlo kgotsa Moranang |Letsatsi la tsogo ya ga Kereesete |Go ipelelwa tsogo ya ga Keresete go tswa mo losong<ref>Vicki K. Black (1 July 2004). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=GZsHDG1-4X0C&q=Many+congregations+today+continue+to+have+Easter+egg+hunts+for+the+children+after+the+services+on+Easter+Day.&pg=PT109&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Many%20congregations%20today%20continue%20to%20have%20Easter%20egg%20hunts%20for%20the%20children%20after%20the%20services%20on%20Easter%20Day.&f=false The Church Standard,] Volume 74''. Church Publishing, Inc. ISBN[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780819225757|&nbsp;<bdi>9780819225757</bdi>]]. Retrieved 24 July 2026. <q>In parts of Europe, the eggs were dyed red and were then cracked together when people exchanged Easter greetings. Many congregations today continue to have Easter egg hunts for the children after the services on Easter Day.</q></ref> |- |Motsheganong a rogwa |Letsatsi la babereki |go ipelelwa dikatlgeo tsa babereki<ref>Marsh, James H. "[https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/origins-of-labour-day-feature Origins of Labour Day"]. Retrieved 24 July 2026</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090910163817/http://www.jis.gov.jm/special_sections/labourDay2008/history.htm "History of Labour Day".] ''National Labour Day 2008''. Jamaica Information Service. Archived from [https://jis.gov.jm/special_sections/labourDay2008/history.htm the original] on 10 September 2009.</ref> |- |Motsheganong kgotsa Seetebosigo |Letsatsi la tlhatlogo ya Morena |Go ipelelwa go tlhatloga ga ga Keresete go ya legodimong.<ref>[https://www.goarch.org/special/listen_learn_share/ascension/index_html "Feast of the Ascension of Our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ".] Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America. 2015. Retrieved 24 July 2026. <q>The Feast of the Ascension of our Lord God and Savior Jesus Christ is celebrated each year on the fortieth day after the Great and Holy Feast of Pascha (Easter). Since the date of Pascha changes each year, the date of the Feast of the Ascension changes. The Feast is always celebrated on a Thursday.</q></ref><ref>[https://www.churchofengland.org/prayer-worship/worship/texts/the-calendar/common-worship-rules/rulesyear.aspx "Rules to Order the Christian Year".] [[:en:Church_of_England|Church of England]]. 2015. Retrieved 24 July 2026. <q>Rogation Days are the three days before Ascension Day, when prayer is offered for God's blessing on the fruits of the earth and on human labour. The nine days after Ascension Day until Pentecost are days of prayer and preparation to celebrate the outpouring of the Spirit.</q></ref> |- |Phukwi a rogwa |Letsatsi la matsalo a ga tautona wa pele [[Seretse Khama]] |Go ipelelwa letsatsi la matsalo a ga tautona wa ntlha<ref>[https://www.mmegi.bw/business/a-new-aon-ceda-venture-to-enhance-citizen-empowerment/news "Mmegi Online :: A glimpse of Seretse Khama's legacy"]. 26 April 2007. Retrieved 24 July 2026</ref> |- |Mosupologo le Labobedi wa boraro wa Phukwi |Letsatsi la botautona |Letsatsi le lengwe fela la Mosupologo kgotsa Labobedi wa boraro mo kgweding ya Phukwi.<ref>[http://aglobalworld.com/holidays-around-the-world/botswana-presidents-day/ "Botswana Presidents Day".] ''aglobalworld.com''. Retrieved 24 July 2026</ref> |- |Lwetse a le masome mararo |Letsatsi la Botswana |Go ipelelwa letsatsi le lefatshe la Botswana le tsereng boipuso ka lone go tswa kwa United Kingdom ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome amarataro le borataro<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13041658 "Botswana profile - Timeline".] ''BBC News''. 5 August 2016. Retrieved 24 July 2026</ref> |- |Morule a le masome mabedi le botlhano |Letsatsi la matsalo a ga Keresete |Go ipelelwa matsalo a ga Keresete |- |Morule a le masome mabedi le borataro |Letsatsi la dimpho |Le ipelelwa morago ga letsatsi la matsalo a ga Keresete, fa batlhanka le bagwebi ba amogela dimpho tse di itsegeng e le lebokoso la matsalo a ga Keresete go tswa kwa go beng ba bone, bahiri kgotsa bareki.<ref>(pseud.), Peter Parley (1 January 1838). [https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=UVcEAAAAQAAJ&redir_esc=y ''Tales About Christmas''.] Thomas Tegg and Son.</ref> |} == Malatsi a boikhutso a a nang le sesupo sa tumelo kgotsa ngwao == Malatsi a boikhutso a tumelo le ngwao mo Botswana a supagala ka go farologana ga ditumelo. === Malatsi a Sekeresete === Dikgwebo dingwe tse di ikemetseng le makgotla a mangwe di a tswalwa ka letsatsi la papolo ya Morena. Mmaraka wa madi le dipeeletso o a tswalwa le one ka letsatsi la papolo ya Morena. Bontsi jwa mabentlele a nna a butswe le ntswa mangwe a tswalwa pele ga nako e e tlwaelesegileng. Dikolo tsa puso le tse dikgolwane di a tswalwa ka letsatsi la papolo ya Morena, e le letsatsi la boikhutso le le ikemetseng kgotsa bontlha jwa malatsi a boikhutso a nako eo. Poso e a bulwa, dibanka tse di laolwang ke puso ga di tswalwe. [[Setshwantsho:Box of Valentine Chocolates.JPG|thumb|130x130px|Lebokoso la dilekere tsa letsatsi la baratani, tse gantsi di rekisiwang ka nako ya lesatsi la baratani]] Bontsi jwa dikompone, di akaretsa dibanka, marekisetso le mabentlele a a bulwang ka letsatsi la Tshipi a a tswalwa ka malatsi a papolo ya ga Keresete. {| class="wikitable" |+ !Letsatsi !Leina !Ditshwaelo |- |Tlhakole a le lesome le bone |Letsatsi la baratani |ke letsatsi le le reeletsweng ka Saint Valentine le tlhamilwe ke mopapa Gelasius. Bontsi jwa batho mo bosheng ba ipelela lorato lwa bone, ba neelana dikarata, dilekere, dithunya le dimpho tse dingwe |- |Tlhakole kgotsa Mopitlo, letsatsi le a farologana |Laboraro wa molora |malatsi a le masome a mane pele ga papolo ya ga Kereesete, go sa balelelwe letsatsi la Tshipi |- |Letsatsi la Tshipi pele ga papolo |Palm Sunday |go ipelelwa go tsena ga ga Keresete kwa Jerusalema |- |Labotlhano pele ga papolo |Papolo ya Morena |Labotlhano wa beke e e molemo fa Bakeresete ba bophirima ba ipelela papolo ya Morena le loso lwa gagwe. Dibanka le diposo tse di mo kagong ee tswalwang ka letsatsi le le tsone di a tswalwa. |- |Letsatsi la Tshipi morago ga ngwedi o o tletseng, malatsi a a farologana go tswa ka Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le bobedi go tsena Moranang a le masome mabedi le botlhano |Papolo |Go ipelelwa tsogo ya ga Keresete |- |Phalane a le masome mararo le motso |Halloween |pele e ne e supa phelelo ya paka ya go roba, gompieno go ipelelwa letsatsi pele ga letsatsi la baithephi. Mekgabisa e akaretsa dipone. Bana ba ya go kopa dilekere tse ba di neelwang ke baagisanyi. |- |Morule a le masome mabedi le bone |Letsatsi pele ga matsalo a ga Keresete |Letsatsi pele ga matsalo a ga Keresete, dikgwebo di tswalwa pele ga nako, le ntswa di le mmalwa di bulwa letsatsi lotlhe le bosigo jotlhe. |- |Morule a le masome mararo le motso |Letsatsi pele ga ngwaga o mosha |Letsatsi pele ga ngwaga o mosha. Kgwebo nngwe le nngwe e tswalwa pele ga nako, le ntswa di le mmalwa di bulwa letsatsi lotlhe le bosigo jotlhe. |} == Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe == * [[Dingangisano tsa papolo ya Morena]] == Metswedi == 03mxo1juo0sbse6o9tfw8qqukyc6rwz 0 10999 53536 42299 2026-07-29T06:50:08Z JudithShe 9421 Ke bakantse thanolo ya tsebe 2 #Wikipedia25BW 53536 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Boniface Tshosa Setlalekgosi''' (yo o tshotsweng ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi ale lesome le bone ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a mabedi le bosupa – a tlhokafala ka kgwedi ya Firikgong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabongwe) e ne e le moruti wa [[:en:Roman_Catholic|Roma Katoliki]] wa [[:en:Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Gaborone|Diocese]] ya [[Gaborone]], Botswana, go tswa ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabobedi le motso go tsena ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe. A sokologela mo Bokatoliking, ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabaongwe masome a matlhano le bosupa, o ne a simolola thuto ya boruti jwa gagwe kwa Seminaring ya St Josephs kwa Chishaswa kwa Salisbury, Rhodesia. Setlalekgosi o ne a nna moruti yo o neng a tlhomilwe ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabaongwe masome a marataro le boraro. O ne a tlhatlhamana le Urban Charles Joseph Murphy gore e nne mobishopo wa bobedi wa Katoliki wa Roma mo ditsong Botswana.<ref>[http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/diocese/gabo0.htm Diocese of Gaborone, Botswana]</ref> == Metswedi == dbtdlar9zwq5ch1k2rqlsks2rqs4h9x 0 11005 53539 42309 2026-07-29T06:57:07Z JudithShe 9421 Ke tlhabolotse thanolo ya tsebe e #Wikipedia25BW 53539 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Elizabeth Mataka|image=Elizabeth Mataka, 2009 World Economic Forum on Africa-1.jpg|caption=Mataka a tseneletse bokopano jwa itsholelo jwa mafatshefatshe ka ngwaga wa 2009|office=Moemedi wa Aforika wa HIV/AIDS kwa United Nations|term_start=Motsheganong a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa 2007|term_end=Phukwi a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa 2012|appointer=[[Ban Ki-moon]]|predecessor=[[Stephen Lewis]]}} '''Elizabeth Mataka''' e ne e le morongwa wa botlhokwa wa [[HIV/AIDS]] mo [[Aferika|Aforika]] kwa [[United Nations General Assembly|United Nations]], a thapilwe ka Motsheganong a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa ke mokwaledimogolo wa UN General [[Ban Ki-moon]], a tlhatlhama Stephen Lewis. O berekile mo maemong a go fitlhelela ka Phukwi a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bobedi. Mataka ke Motswana le monni wa kwa [[Zambia]]. O berekile e le mothusa modulasetilo wa lekgotla la letlole la lefatshe (Global Fund) go lwantsha HIV/AIDS, kgotlholo e tona le Malaria. == Botshelo jwa ntlha == O tsholetswe le go golela kwa [[Francistown]], Botswana, Mataka o ne a fudugela kwa [[Lusaka]] kwa bofelong jwa dingwaga tsa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro go ya go ithuta tiro ya loago kwa Yunibesithing ya Zambia. Fa a sena go aloga ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa, o ne a nyalwa. Ona le bana ba le bane, Mataka o ne a thusa go tlhama Children in Distress, e leng thulaganyo e e neng ya thusa baagi go lebana le dikhutsana tsa AIDS.<ref name=":0">Schatz, Joseph J (1 December 2007). [[doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61762-0|"Elizabeth Mataka: UN Special Envoy for HIV/AIDS in Africa".]] Perspectives | profile. ''[[:en:The_Lancet|The Lancet]]''. '''370''' (9602). United Kingdom: [[:en:Elsevier|Elsevier]]: 1821. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61762-0|10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61762-0]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0140-6736 0140-6736]. [[:en:OCLC_(identifier)|OCLC]] [https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/264193137 264193137]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18061045 18061045].</ref> == Tiro ya ntlha == Mataka o ne a fetsa dingwaga di le masome a mabedi a berekela mo pusong le mo lephateng la mohama o o ikemetseng pele ga a bereka jwa Family Health Trust, e, e leng mokgatlho o monnye o o seng wa puso, e le mookamedi.<ref name=":0" /> == Metswedi == <references /> == Tse di Kwa ntle == ** [https://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2007/sga1068.doc.htm Secretary-General Appoints Elizabeth Mataka], United Nations, 21 May 2007 ** Heartfield, Kate (12 June 2007). "A new voice for AIDS in Africa". Ottawa Citizen. p. A12 jj64qxybsqmpugios4p69gdqoq5r4sq 0 11120 53530 42686 2026-07-29T06:01:56Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53530 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nomathemba 'Thembisile' Matu''' (yo o tshotsweng ka 1966), yo gape a itsiweng ka leina la '''Thembsie Matu''', ke modiragatsi wa Aforika Borwa le mogasi wa thelebišene.<ref>Digital, Drum. [https://www.news24.com/drum/news/fame-late-in-the-game-20170728 "Fame late in the game"]. ''Drum''. Retrieved 1 Phalane 2025.</ref> O tumile thata ka dikarolo tsa gagwe mo metseletseleng ya thelebišene jaaka ''Tshisa, Rockville'' le ''The Queen''.<ref>Matshaba, Boitumelo. [https://www.news24.com/drum/celebs/these-characters-keep-viewers-entertained-with-their-humorous-nature-20180628 "These characters keep viewers entertained with their humorous nature"]. ''Drum''. Retrieved 1 Phalane 2025.</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Matu o tshotswe ka 1966 kwa Katlehong, Gauteng, Aforika Borwa.<ref name=":0">Chester-Londt, Levana (31 August 2021). [https://briefly.co.za/108196-thembsie-matu-age-children-husband-health-career-facts-profile-worth.html "Thembsie Matu wins a five-week battle with COVID-19 after being hospitalised"]. ''Briefly''. Retrieved 1 Phalane 2025.</ref> O goletse kwa ga mmaagwe morago ga gore rraagwe a ba tlogele.<ref>Mvelashe, Phakamani. [https://www.news24.com/drum/celebs/how-thembsie-met-her-father-20180725 "How Thembsie met her father"]. ''Drum''. Retrieved 1 Phalane 2025.</ref> O ne a nyetswe ke Peter Sebotsa, moruti wa kereke ya Anglican, yo o tlhokafetseng morago ga go nwela mo letangwaneng la lelwapa ka Seetebosigo 2019.<ref name=":0" /><ref>[https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/entertainment/2019-06-28-thembsie-petronella-matu-mourns-hubbys-passing/ "Thembsie 'Petronella' Matu mourns hubby's passing"]. ''SowetanLIVE''. Retrieved 1 Phalane 2025.</ref> O na le morwadi a le mongwe le morwa a le mongwe.<ref name=":1">[https://web.archive.org/web/20211115165417/https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=5673&sr=1 "Thembsie Matu: TVSA"]. ''www.tvsa.co.za''. Retrieved 1 Phalane 2025.</ref> Ka 2021, o ne a tsenwa ke COVID-19 mme a fetsa dibeke di le tlhano kwa bookelong.<ref>[https://zalebs.com/top-of-the/thembsie-matu/thembsie-matu-is-finally-out-of-the-hospital "Thembsie Matu Is Finally Out Of The Hospital"]. ''ZAlebs''. Retrieved 1 Phalane 2025.</ref><ref>Mbendeni, Alutho. [https://www.news24.com/drum/celebs/news/thembsie-matu-shares-her-hard-fight-against-covid-19-it-almost-killed-me-20210813 "Thembsie Matu shares her hard fight against Covid-19 – 'It almost killed me'"]. ''Drum''. Retrieved 1 Phalane 2025.</ref><ref>[https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2021-08-13-actress-thembsie-matu-grateful-for-life-after-fighting-covid-19-for-five-weeks/ "Actress Thembsie Matu grateful for life after fighting Covid-19 for five weeks"]. ''TimesLIVE''. Retrieved 1 Phalane 2025.</ref> == Tiro == Ka 1987, o ne a dira tiro ya gagwe ya ntlha ya seporofeshenale mo seraleng mo drameng ya ''Sekunjalo''. Morago ga moo, o ne a diragatsa mo metshamekong ya ''What A Shame'' (1989) le ''Give A Child'' (1989). Ka 1994, o ne a tsena mo thelebišeneng ka motseletsele wa ''Mama’s Love'' mme morago ga moo a tsena mo motseletseleng wa ''Lahliwe'' (1999).<ref>[https://studentroom.co.za/wiki/thembsie-matu/ "Thembsie Matu: Bio, Age, Children, Petronella from The Queen"]. ''2021-2022 Wiki''. 5 September 2020. Retrieved 1 Phalane 2025.</ref> Ka 2006, o ne a tlhagelela mo motseletseleng wa drama wa SABC1 wa ''Tshisa'' mo karolong ya ga Nomathamsanqa. O ne a tswelela a tshameka karolo e dingwaga di le thataro. Go sa le jalo ka 2006, o ne a tshameka mo motseletseleng wa thelebišene wa drama wa SABC3 wa ''The Lab''. Mo motseletseleng ono, o ne a tshameka karolo e e ipoeletsang ya ga Zinhle go fitlha ka 2008. Gape o ne a nna leloko la motseletsele o monnye wa SABC1 wa ''uGugu'' ''no Andile'' mme a tshameka karolo ya moeng ya "Morutabana". Ka 2008, o ne a tlhagelela mo motshamekong wa e.tv wa [[Rhythm City]] e le moeng a bidiwa Sis Bee.<ref name=":1" /> Mo pakeng e, o ne a dira dikarolo tsa tshegetso le tsa boeng mo metshamekong tse dintsi tsa thelebišene jaaka ''Zone 14'', ''Gaz'lam'', ''Home Affairs'', ''Zero Tolerance'', ''The Lab'' le ''Jacob's Cross''.<ref name=":0" /> Ka 2009, o ne a tshameka mo filiming ya metlae ya ''Finding Lenny'' e e neng e kaelwa ke Neal Sundstrom. Morago ga moo, o ne a tsenelela metlae ya SABC1 ya ''Abo Mzala'' mme a tshameka karolo ya ga Zodwa mo setlheng sa bobedi, e pele se neng se tshamekiwa ke [[Lusanda Mbane]].<ref>[https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=12602&sr=1 "Lusanda Mbane: TVSA"]. ''www.tvsa.co.za''. Retrieved 1 Phalane 2025.</ref> Ka 2011, o ne a tshameka karolo ya ga Novezake mo pakeng ya ntlha ya motseletsele wa SABC1 wa ''Intsika''. Mme ka one ngwaga oo, o ne a tsenela motseletsele wa ''Soul Buddyz'' go tshameka karolo ya go tshegetsa e le Mme Vilakazi. Morago ga moo, o ne a tlhagelela mo motseletseleng wa ''The Wild'' e le Gertrude.<ref name=":0" /> Mo ngwageng o o latelang, o ne a diragatsa mo pakeng ya bobedi ya motseletsele wa SABC2 wa ''Moferefere Lenyalong'' jaaka Boreng. Ka 2013, o ne a tlhagelela kwa ''Rockville'' jaaka Sis Ribs, kwa a neng a tlhophiwa go nna Modiragatsi yo o Gaisang wa Motshegetsi mo Drameng ya TV kwa [[Kabodietsele ya Difilimi le Thelebišene tsa Aforika Borwa tsa 2014]] (SAFTA).<ref>Digital, Drum. [https://www.news24.com/drum/news/the-nominees-for-the-2014-safta-awards-are-20170728 "The nominees for the 2014 SAFTA awards are..."] ''Drum''. Retrieved 1 Phalane 2025.</ref> Mo dingwageng tse di fetileng, o ne a tswelela go diragatsa mo difiliming tse dintsi tsa thelebišene jaaka ''Abo Mzala'', ''Thandeka's Diary'', ''MTV Shuga'' le ''Thuli noThulani''. Le fa go ntse jalo, seabe sa gagwe se se ratiwang thata mo thelebišeneng se ne sa tla mo telenovela ya Mzansi Magic ya ''The Queen'' fa a ne a tshameka karolo ya "Petronella".<ref>Ngwadla, Nkosazana. [https://www.news24.com/drum/celebs/petronella-has-taught-me-a-lot-thembsie-matu-on-her-role-on-the-queen-20180427 "'Petronella has taught me a lot' - Thembsie Matu on her role on The Queen"]. ''Drum''. Retrieved 1 Phalane 2025.</ref><ref>Lurewana, Sibulele. [https://www.news24.com/drum/celebs/see-our-favorite-lol-moments-from-the-queens-patronella-20171024 "SEE: Our favorite LOL moments from The Queen's Patronella"]. ''Drum''. Retrieved 1 Phalane 2025.</ref> Ka go tuma moo, o ne a tswelela go tshameka karolo go tloga ka paka ya bobedi go ya go ya paka ya borataro ka 2021.<ref>Faeza. [https://www.news24.com/drum/archive/shes-a-bubbly-spirit-20170728 "SHE'S A BUBBLY SPIRIT"]. ''Drum''. Retrieved 1 Phalane 2025.</ref><ref>Mrasi, Athabile. [https://www.news24.com/drum/celebs/how-social-media-cost-thembsie-a-job-20171017 "How social media cost Thembsie a job"]. ''Drum''. Retrieved 1 Phalane 2025.</ref> Kwa ntle ga go diragatsa mo thelebisheneng, o ne a tlhagelela mo papatsong e e tlwaelesegileng ya sebolaya-ditshidi sa Doom.<ref name=":1" /> Ka 2018, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna Diva Extraordinaire wa ngwaga kwa Kabodietseleng tsa Feather ka 2018.<ref>Dayile, Qhama. [https://www.news24.com/drum/celebs/these-are-your-nominees-for-the-2018-feather-awards-20180926 "These are your nominees for the 2018 Feather Awards"]. ''Drum''. Retrieved 1 Phalane 2025.</ref> Ka 2019, o ne a tshwara le [[Nomsa Buthelezi]] pontsho ya "Fragrance Your Life" e e neng e gasiwa mo e.tv.<ref>Mvelashe, Phakamani. [https://www.news24.com/drum/celebs/thembsie-matu-and-nomsa-buthelezi-on-their-new-etv-show-20190516 "Thembsie Matu and Nomsa Buthelezi on their new etv show"]. ''Drum''. Retrieved 1 Phalane 2025.</ref> Go sa le jalo, o ne a gapa gape le dietsele tsa Modiragatsi yo o Ratwang le dietsele tsa Tlhopho ya Babogedi ya Ultimate kwa [[Kabodietseleng tsa Tlhopho ya Babogedi tsa DStv Mzansi tsa 2018]].<ref>Sekudu, Bonolo. [https://www.news24.com/drum/celebs/thembsie-matu-on-31-years-in-the-acting-industry-its-going-to-get-better-20190531 "Thembsie Matu on 31 years in the acting industry: 'it's going to get better'"]. ''Drum''. Retrieved 1 Phalane 2025.</ref> == Bodiragatsi == {| class="wikitable" |} {| class="wikitable" !Ngwaga !Filimi !Karolo !Genre !Ref. |- |2006 |''Tshisa'' |Nomathamsanqa |TV series | |- |2006 |''Zone 14'' |Aunt Napho |TV series | |- |2006 |''Gaz'lam'' |Woman 3 |TV series | |- |2006 |''Home Affairs'' |Nolitha |TV series | |- |2006 |''Zero Tolerance'' |Stella Hadebe |TV series | |- |2006 |''The Lab'' |Zinhle |TV series | |- |2007 |''Jacob's Cross'' |Rebecca |TV series | |- |2007 |''Nomzamo'' |Gladys |TV series | |- |2008 |''Rhythm City'' |Sis Bee |TV series | |- |2008 |''uGugu no Andile'' |Teacher |TV series | |- |2008 |''Izingane zoBaba'' |Rose |TV series | |- |2009 |''[[Gangster's Paradise: Jerusalema]]'' |The Loan Shark |Film | |- |2009 |''Finding Lenny'' |Big Momma |Film | |- |2011 |''Intsika'' |Novezake |TV series | |- |2011 |''Soul Buddyz'' |Mrs Vilakazi |TV series | |- |2011 |''The Wild'' |Gertrude |TV series | |- |2012 |''Moferefere Lenyalong'' |Boreng |TV series | |- |2013 |''[[Rockville]]'' |Sis Ribs |TV series | |- |2013 |''[[Zaziwa]]'' |Herself |TV series | |- |2014 |''[[Skeem Saam]]'' |Ousie Tlaki |TV series | |- |2015 |''Abo Mzala'' |Zodwa |TV series | |- |2015 |''Thandeka's Diary'' |Ntombi |TV series | |- |2017 |''MTV Shuga'' |Mama Chillaz |TV series | |- |2017 |''[[The Queen]]'' |Petronella |TV series | |- |2017 |''Thuli noThulani'' |Mrs Zondi |TV series | |- |2024 |''[[Lobola Man]]'' |Aunt Miriam |Film | |} == Metswedi == jcpsavxzalr9x7g6e8o05eqbti1m4fs 0 11724 53528 44462 2026-07-29T05:48:13Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53528 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Thandiwe Banda|office=Mohumagadi wa Zambia|predecessor=[[Maureen Mwanawasa]]|president=[[Rupiah Banda]]|successor=[[Christine Kaseba]]|term_start=Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe ngwaga wa 2008|term_end=Lwetse a le masome mabedi le boraro ngwaga wa 2011|spouse=[[Rupiah Banda]]|children=Ba le babedi}} '''Thandiwe Banda''' (o o tshotsweng ka 1972 kgotsa 1972) ke morutabana wa polotiki wa kwa [[Zambia]] o o berekileng e le mohumagadi wa Zambia go tswa ka Seetebosigo 2008 go fitlhela Lwetse 2011. Banda, o a neng a le mo dingwageng tsa masome a mararo fa a tsena mo maemong ao ka 2008, e ne e le mohumagadi o mmotlana mo ditsong tsa Zambia.<ref name=":0">[https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/programmes/2010/05/100521_outlook_african_first_ladies.shtml "Five first ladies of Africa".] ''BBC News''. 2010-05-21. Retrieved 2025-10-30</ref> E ne e le mosadi wa bobedi wa ga tautona wa pele [[Rupiah Banda]] go fitlhelela a tlhokafala ka Mopitlo 2022.<ref name=":1">[https://web.archive.org/web/20160910225239/http://myafrica.allafrica.com/view/people/main/id/08vQmvnOcqmOI9MX.html "Thandiwe Banda, Former First Lady of Zambia".] ''AllAfrica.com''. 2009-04-21. Retrieved 2025-10-30</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Mosadi wa ntlha wa ga Rupiah Banda, Hope Mwansa Makulu,o tlhokafetse ka 2000.<ref>[https://www.lusakatimes.com/2011/05/07/president-banda-pays-tribute-late-wife/ "President Banda pays tribute to late wife"]. ''Lusaka Times''. 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2025-10-30</ref> Ene le mosadi wa gagwe wa bobedi Thandiwe Banda,ba nyalane ka dingwaga tsa 2000, le ntswa ba na le pharologanyo ya dingwaga di le masome mane.<ref name=":0" /> O ne a le dingwaga di le masome a supa ka nako ya lonyalo lwa bone, fa Thandiwe a ne a le di le masome mararo.<ref name=":0" /> Thandiwe le Rupiah Banda ke batsadi ba mawelana Temwani le Duniya, ba ba tsileng e le kgakgamatso mo bobeding joo, go ya ka puisano e a e dirileng kwa BBC Africa.<ref name=":2">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8685438.stm "Meeting the first ladies of Africa".] ''BBC News''. 2010-05-17. Retrieved 2025-10-30</ref><ref>Edwards, Veronique (2010-05-25). [https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/overtoyou/2010/05/up_close_and_personal_with_the.html "Up close and personal with the first ladies of Africa".] ''BBC News''. Retrieved 2025-10-30</ref> Banda o ne a tlhophiwa tautona ka 2008,se se dira Thandiwe Banda mohumagadi o monnye mo ditsong tsa Zambia.<ref name=":0" /> Ka nako ya gagwe, Banda o ne a buelela go tlhamiwa ga ofisi ya semmuso ya mohumagadi ka madi a puso go ema nokeng ditiro tsa gagwe tsa setshaba le tsa mautlwelobotlhoko.<ref name=":2" /> Banda o ne a lwela molao o o gagametseng, go otlhaya ba dira molato ba tiriso dikgoka mo gae le mo tlhakanelong dikobo.<ref name=":1" /> O ne a eme nokeng makgotla a a ikemetseng kwa Zambia.<ref name=":1" /> Ka Morule a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa 2012, pampiri ya puso ya ''[[Times of Zambia]]'' e ne ya gatisa tsebe e e neng e bua magatwe a gore puso e gapile matlo a ga Thandiwe Banda a le mmalwa, a akaretsa lefelo la boroko kwa [[Malawi|Malawi,]] le le tlhwatlhwa ya dibilione tsa madi a kwacha.<ref name=":3">[https://www.lusakatimes.com/2012/01/05/lady-takes-times-zambia-court/ "Former First Lady takes Times of Zambia to court".] ''Lusaka Times''. 2012-01-05. Retrieved 2025-10-30</ref> Banda o ne a re magatwe a ga a na boammaruri, a gwetlha gore ba mo kope maitshwarelo gape ba boele morago se ba se kwadileng, selo se pampiri e neng ya se gana pele.<ref name=":3" /> Ka Firikgong 2012, o ne a pega tsheko ya tshenyo leina kgatlhanong le Times of Zambia le morulaganyi wa yone.<ref name=":3" /> Ka Phalane 2012,pampiri e ne ya gatisa kopo maitshwarelo, mme tsheko kgatlhanong le pampiri e ne ya tswelela. Thandiwe Banda o ne a fenya tshekk kgatlhanong le Times of Zambia ka Motsheganong 2014.<ref name=":4">[https://web.archive.org/web/20180412235529/http://en.africatime.com/zambie/articles/former-first-lady-wins-defamation-case-against-times-zambia "Former first lady wins defamation case against Times of Zambia".] ''Africatime.com''. 2014-05-22. Archived from the original on 2018-04-12. Retrieved 2025-10-25</ref> Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya duela Banda dikete tsa madi a kwacha go mo phimola dikeledi.<ref name=":4" /> Banda o ne a fitlhelwa a na le kankere ya lebele ka 2014, a tsaya loeto go ya lefatsheng le le mabapi la [[Aforika Borwa]] go bona tlhokomelo ga botsogo.<ref>[https://www.lusakatimes.com/2014/11/04/zambias-former-first-lady-thandiwe-banda-diagnosed-cancer/ "Zambia's Former First lady Thandiwe Banda diagnosed with cancer".] ''Lusaka Times''. 2014-11-04. Retrieved 2025-10-30</ref> O ne a boela Zambia ka Firikgong a le lesome ngwaga wa 2015, morago a tsena mo dikgweng tsa kalafi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20161009142717/http://zambianeye.com/archives/27687 "Former First Lady Thandiwe Banda returns home"]. ''Lusaka Times''. 2015-01-10. Archived from the original on 2016-10-09. Retrieved 2025-10-30</ref> == Metswedi == kgb3kdcbt68fznz415uq2l05byddb3u 0 11743 53538 44506 2026-07-29T06:51:43Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53538 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Trudie Taljaard|birth_name=Trudie Taljaard|birth_date={{birth date|1948|03|19|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Johannesburg]], South Africa|death_date={{death date and age|2009|01|31|1948|03|19|df=yes}}|death_place=Johannesburg, South Africa|resting place coordinates=<!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|display=inline,title}} -->|alma mater=[[University of Pretoria]]|occupation=Actress, Theater coach, Casting director|years active=1974–2008|spouse(s)={{plainlist| * Errol Roelofsz * Nico Liebenberg }}|children=3}} '''Trudie Taljaard''' (Mopitlo a le lesome le boferabongwe 1948 - Firikgong a le masome mararo le motso 2009) e ne e le modiragatsi wa Aforika Borwa, mokatisi wa bobogelo, le mokaedi wa go tlhopha batshameki.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20211021182358/https://mcutimes.com/Movies/people/572542/trudie-taljaard "MCU Times"]. ''mcutimes.com''. Archived from the original on 21 October 2021. Retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref> O tumile thata ka dikarolo tsa gagwe mo difiliming tsa ''Windprints'' (1989), ''Hitchhiker'' (2008) le ''Hearts & Minds''. O ne a tlhoma sekolo sa drama, "Another Center for Training Actors" (ACTA). O ne a itsege ka go tshameka jaaka 'rakgadi wa netefaletso ya dingwaga di le pedi' morago ga go tlhagelela mo papatsong ya lebenkele le le itsegeng la fanitšhara ka nako e telele.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250115045417/https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=10531 "Trudie Taljaard: TVSA"]. ''www.tvsa.co.za''. Retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref><ref>[https://www.afrikanergeskiedenis.co.za/trudie-taljaard-1948-2009/ "Trudie Taljaard (1948-2009) – Afrikanergeskiedenis"]. Retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == O tshotswe kaMopitlo a le lesome le boferabongwe 1948 mme a golela kwa [[Melville]], Johannesburg, Aforika Borwa. O ne a aloga ka dikirii ya ntlha ya terama kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Pretoria]].[4] O ne a nyetse modiragatsi ka ene Errol Roelofsz. Morago ga tlhalo, o ne a nyala modiragatsi Nico Liebenberg. O ne a na le barwadi ba le bararo: Marlene, Justine le Eloise go tswa mo manyalong a mabedi ano.[4] Ka di 31 Ferikgong 2009, o ne a tlhokafala a le dingwaga di le 60 morago ga go lemogiwa gore o na le kankere ya marapo ka 2007.[5] == Tiro == O simolotse e le modiragatsi wa bobogelo, Trudie o diragaditse mo diteatere tsa serala tse di jaaka A Cedar Fall in Waterkloof, Legodu la Pensele le Moengele, Baswi, Dipaka tse tharo, Monna yo mongwe, Motlholo, Raka, Mogwebi wa ditoro, le Dikgang tsa Terena. Ka 1989, o ne a tlhophiwa go bona Sekgele sa Artes. O ne gape a diragatsa mo setlhopheng se se bakang dikganetsano sa motho a le mongwe sa Kitchen Blues se se neng se tlhagisitswe ke mokwadi Jeanne Goosen. Le fa e ne e tsosa kganetsano, terama e ne ya akgolwa ke batshwayadiphoso mme o ne a tlhophiwa go bona dikabelo di le mmalwa ka ntlha ya go diragatsa ga gagwe, go akaretsa le Awate ya Computicket ka 1991.[4] Ka 1990, o ne a tshameka karolo ya "Charlene Brits" mo motseletseleng wa metlae wa TV4 wa Batho ba ba Tshwanang le Rona. Mo karolong eo, o ne a tlhophiwa go bona diawate di le mmalwa mme a gapa Star Tonight! Awate ya Modiragatsi yo o Gaisang ka 1991. Mo go one ngwaga oo, o ne a tlhophelwa Awate ya Dalro Theatre ya Modiragatsi yo o Gaisang mo Seabeng se se Etelelang Pele sa Seaforikanse le Awate ya Terama ya Fleur du Cap. Ka 1992, o ne a tlhophiwa kwa Awateng ya IGI Life ya Terama ya Vita ya Natal.[4] Morago ga moo o ne a tshameka mo difiliming tse dintsi tsa thelebišene le mo difiliming tsa soap opera tse di jaaka; Ngaka, Ngaka, Sediko sa Letsatsi, Merero ya Selegae, Tekwan, Waltz ya Khutsafalo, Dintsu III, Boitumelo jwa kwa Metsesetoropong, Diphetale tsa Pastorie, Batho ba ba Tshwanang le Rona, Dit Wat Stom Is le Saartjie.[6] O ne gape a tshameka mo difiliming tse di jaaka; Sephiri sa ga Elsa (1979), Mokaulengwe Matie (1984), Dikgatiso tsa Phefo (1990), Tabogo e Telele (2000) le Mopalami wa Dikoloi (2007). Ka 2008, o ne a tshameka karolo ya bofelo ya thelebišene mo sefiliming sa Seaforikanse sa 7de Laan ka go tshameka jaaka kgaitsadie Netta Nortjé "Esther".[2] == Bodiragatsi == {| class="wikitable" !Ngwaga !Filimi !Karolo !Genre !Ref. |- |1974 |''Geluksdal'' |Set decorator |Film | |- |1976 |''Ridder van die Grootpad'' |Linet Hugo |Film | |- |1976 |''Liefste Madelein'' |Nurse |Film | |- |1976 |''Dokter, Dokter'' |Bekkie Hartzenberg |TV series | |- |1978 |''Drama Drama'' | |TV series | |- |1979 |''Elsa se Geheim'' |Mina |Film | |- |1979 |''Grensbasis 13'' |Smitty's girl |Film | |- |1979 |''Phoenix & Kie'' |Ins |TV series | |- |1981 |''Die Avonture van Joachim Verwey'' |Nakkie |TV series | |- |1981 |''Beloftes van Môre'' |Sarie Bekker |Film | |- |1982 |''Harmonie'' |Anna Potgieter |TV series | |- |1983 |''Mattewis en Meraai'' |Suffie Barnard |TV series | |- |1984 |''Broer Matie'' |Lettie Summers |Film | |- |1984 |''Broer Matie'' |Casting director |Film | |- |1984 |''Laat Vrugte'' |Annie |TV movie | |- |1985 |''Two Weeks in Paradise'' |Charlene Britz |TV movie | |- |1985 |''Die Hartseerwals'' |Kotie |TV movie | |- |1985 |''Dirk Hoffman'' |Nellie van Rensburg |TV series | |- |1986 |''Konflikhantering'' | |Film | |- |1986 |''Die Mannheim-Sage'' |Helga |TV series | |- |1986 |''Tekwan'' |Corrie |TV movie | |- |1988 |''Dot en Kie'' |Mrs. Smit |TV series | |- |1989 |''Saartjie'' |Mrs. Baumann |TV series | |- |1989 |''Windprints'' |Marie Bruck |Film | |- |1989 |''Vleuels'' |Corrie Ketelman |TV series | |- |1991 |''Die Sonkring'' |Nelmarie Vermeulen |TV series | |- |1993 |''Die Sonkring II'' |Nelmarie Vermeulen |TV series | |- |1993 |''Arende III: Dorsland'' |Katrina Stewart |TV series | |- |1995 |''Hearts & Minds'' |Elsa Fourie |Film | |- |1999 |''Sterk Skemer'' |Unemployed woman |TV movie | |- |2001 |''The Long Run'' |Second 1 |Film | |- |2001 |''Malunde'' |Tannie van Rooyen |Film | |- |2002 |''Behind the Badge'' |Ina van Wyk |TV series | |- |2003 |''Beat the Drum'' |Lauren |Film | |- |2005 |''Gabriël'' |Tant Malie |TV series | |- |2008 |''Triomf'' |Dialogue coach |Film | |- |2008 |''Hitchhiker'' |Michelle |Film | |- |2008 |''[[7de Laan]]'' |Esther |TV series | |} == Metswedi == o2o0uhz1fxqq4pr0aesmhn1pzp8mosb 0 11761 53537 52332 2026-07-29T06:51:02Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53537 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Trix Vivier|birth_name=<!-- only use if different from name -->|image=Trix Vivier at the 2023 Silwerskermfees TV and Film Awards in Cape Town, South Africa.jpg|image caption=Trix Vivier at the 2023 Silwerskermfees TV and Film Awards in Cape Town, South Africa|alt=<!-- descriptive text for use by speech synthesis (text-to-speech) software -->|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1988|06|28|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Cape Town]], South Africa|death_date=<!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (DEATH date then BIRTH date) -->|alma mater=Jan van Riebeeck High School, Waterfront Theater School.|occupation=Actress|years active=2013–present|mother=Adri Troski Vivier|father=Pieter De Bruin Vivier|relatives=[[Lea Vivier]] (sister)|image size=210px}} '''Trix Vivier''' (o tshotswe Seetebosigo a le masome a mabedi le boferabobedi ka 1988) ke [[modiragatsi]] wa [[difilimi]], [[thelebišene]], le [[bobogelo]] jwa Aforika Borwa, yo o itsegeng ka go tshameka karolo ya ga Flea van Jaarsveld mo motseletseleng wa thelebišene wa 2019 wa ''[[Trackers]]'', o a neng a itsege thata ka one le go amogelwa kwa mafatsheng a mangwe.<ref>Hale, Mike (12 June 2020). [https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/12/arts/television/netflix-blood-and-water-trackers-cinemax.html "Netflix and Cinemax Go to South Africa for Real"]. ''The New York Times''.</ref><ref>[[doi:10.2307/3916333|""Hit and Run Rheumatism," Makes Debut as New Disease"]]. ''The Science News-Letter''. '''37''' (25): 398. 22 June 1940. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.2307/3916333|10.2307/3916333]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0096-4018 0096-4018].</ref> Go tlhagelela ga gagwe mo filiming ya lorato ya Netflix ''Umjolo: Day Ones'', ''Juffrou X'', le ''[[Legacy]]'' ya Telenovela ya Multichoice go dirile gore a nne leina le le tlwaelesegileng mo Aforika Borwa. == Botshelo jwa pele le thuto == Vivier o tsholetswe kwa [[Melkbosstrand]], [[Cape Town|Motsekapa]], mme a godisiwa ke mmaagwe Adri Vivier, morutabana le rraagwe Pieter Vivier, [[mmueledi]].<ref name=":0">Fockema, Marisa. [https://www.netwerk24.com/huisgenoot/bekendes/hg-kuier-by-2-stersussies-fynskrif-se-lea-en-trackers-se-trix-20191115 "HG kuier by 2 stersussies – Fynskrif se Lea en Trackers se Trix"]. ''Huisgenoot''. Retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref> Vivier o tswa mo losikeng lwa [[Seburu]] mme o na le bana ba le bararo. Morwarraagwe yo mmotlana [[Lea Vivier]] le ene ke modiragatsi.<ref>[https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/rooi-rose/20190101/281775630215840 "PressReader"]. Retrieved 30 Phalane 2025– via PressReader.</ref> Batsadi ba gagwe ba ne ba lemoga le go rotloetsa lorato lwa gagwe lwa bodiragatsi jwa tiragatso go tloga a sa le monnye<ref name=":0" /> mme o ne a dira tiro ya gagwe ya ntlha ya seporofešenale mo seraleng a le dingwaga di le lesome le botlhano mo go Annie Get Your Gun (Gilbert and Sullivan Society, 2004)<ref>Greenspan, Charlotte (2010-08-04), [[doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195111101.003.0014|"Annie Get Your Gun"]], ''Pick Yourself Up'', Oxford University Press, pp.149–162, retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref> le fa a le dingwaga di le lesome le borataro mo ​​go ''Die Ander Marta'' (KKNK, [[Baxter Theatre]] 2005).<ref>[[doi:10.2307/j.ctt1djmg4b.17|"An Abused Woman"]], ''The Enigma Woman'', UNP - Nebraska, pp.179–198, retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref> O ne a dira materiki kwa [[Sekolong se Segolo sa Jan van Riebeeck]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180902211524/http://jvralumni.co.za/downloads/JvR%20Alumni%20Nuusbrokkies%202de%20Uigawe%20Oktober%202017%20.pdf "JvR Alumni Nuusbrokkies"] (PDF). Archived from [http://www.jvralumni.co.za/downloads/JvR%20Alumni%20Nuusbrokkies%202de%20Uigawe%20Oktober%202017%20.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2 September 2018. Retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20231204161507/https://janvanriebeeck.co.za/kultuur/ "Kultuur | Hoërskool Jan van Riebeeck"]. Janvanriebeeck.co.za. Retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref> mme a tswelela go ithuta le go aloga kwa Sekolong sa Bobogelo sa Waterfront kwa Motsekapa ka 2009.<ref>[https://f24c9a80-dbdd-4c88-89be-1182fab6ac8c.filesusr.com/ugd/03b688_ee7efc92aa094fd5a5ba3c88c3a37745.pdf "Perform Teach Create"] (PDF).</ref> == Tiro == [[Setshwantsho:Trix-Vivier.jpg|thumb|200x200px|Trix Vivier (ka fa molemeng thata) le batshameki ba Trackers kwa pontshong ya ntlha.]] Seabe sa ntlha sa ga Vivier se se neng se duelwa mo bobogelong e ne e le sa ga Pippi mo tlhagisong ya Bosetšhaba ya Bana ya ''Pippi Longstocking'' (2009).<ref>[[doi:10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.t051212|"Link, O(gle) Winston"]], ''Oxford Art Online'', Oxford University Press, 2003, retrieved 30 October 2025</ref><ref>[https://www.joburg.org.za/media_/Newsroom/Pages/2013%20articles/2011%20&%202012%20%20Articles/Pippi-to-delight-children.aspx "Pippi to delight children".] Joburg.org.za. Retrieved 6 May 2022.</ref> O ne a tswelela go dira tiro ya seporofešenale jaaka sebini le modiragatsi go tloga ka 2009 go fitlha ka 2013 a diragatsa mo metshamekong jaaka MIS<ref>[https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/facebook/1968249653400794/2016997158526043 "Andre Stolz Productions on Facebook"]. ''[[:en:Facebook|Facebook]]''. Archived from the original on 30 April 2022.^{[''[[:en:Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources#User-generated_content|user-generated source]]'']}</ref> ya ga [[Reza de Wet]], bobogelo jwa thuto<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20211113143013/https://www.artlink.co.za/news_article.htm?contentID=34782 "Artslink.co.za - It's Your Life - Aids programme with NCT"]. Archived from [https://www.artlink.co.za/news_article.htm?contentID=34782 the original] on 13 November 2021. Retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref> jwa mmino mo gae le kwa mafatsheng a sele<ref name=":1">[https://web.archive.org/web/20210514012724/https://www.apm.co.za/artiste/trix-vivier-836/ "APM"]. ''Artistes Personal Management''. Retrieved 30 October 2025.</ref><ref>[https://www.theheroineproject.org/post/trix-vivier Trix Vivier][''[[:en:Wikipedia:Link_rot|permanent dead link]]''] theheroineproject.org</ref> le mo Ditlhagisong tse dintsi tsa Bobogelo jwa Bana<ref>[https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/the-star-south-africa-late-edition/20091005/282346855861856 "PressReader"]. Retrieved 20 November 2023 – via PressReader.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20211113143013/https://www.artlink.co.za/news_article.htm?contentID=31147 "Artslink.co.za - Peter Rabbit enthrals yet another generation".] Archived from [https://www.artlink.co.za/news_article.htm?contentID=31147 the original] on 13 November 2021. Retrieved 1 March 2021.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20211113143010/https://issuu.com/innercitygazette/docs/gazette13_september2_web "Inner City Gazette".] 12 September 2012.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20211113143015/https://www.artlink.co.za/news_article.htm?contentID=31100 "Artslink.co.za - Peter Rabbit and other Tales"]. Archived from [https://www.artlink.co.za/news_article.htm?contentID=31100 the original] on 13 November 2021. Retrieved 1 March 2021.</ref> pele ga a tsena mo Ditlhagisong tsa Bobogelo tsa Bana tsa ntlha mo motseletsele wa drama ya basha ya kykNET ya ''Sterlopers'' (2013 – 2016).<ref name=":1" /><ref>[https://www.netwerk24.com/huisgenoot/Nuus/nuwe-sa-ster-bieg-ek-was-n-pynlike-presteerder-20171103 "Nuwe SA ster bieg: 'Ek was 'n pynlike presteerder'"].</ref> Morago ga moo o ne a tswelela go tshameka dikarolo tse di eteletseng pele mo setshwantshong sa motshikhinyego mo diporojekeng jaaka ''[[Trackers]]'',<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200928015628/https://stories.showmax.com/whos-who-in-trackers/ "Who's who in Trackers"]. 22 October 2019.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210301154511/https://itmunch.com/warnermedias-latest-streaming-service-hbo-max-appears-youtube-tv-along-hbo-cinemax/ "WarnerMedia's latest streaming service HBO Max appears on YouTube TV, along with HBO & Cinemax"]. iTMunch. 24 February 2020. Retrieved 6 May 2022.</ref> ''Minder as Niks'',<ref name=":2">https://www.netwerk24.com/netwerk24/kyk-en-luister/netwerk24tv/minder-as-niks/minde r-as-niks-al-die-episodes-op-een-plek-20221007</ref> ''Juffrou X'',<ref name=":3">[https://www.georgeherald.com/Entertainment/Article/150-locals-are-extras-in-new-tv-series-202404221116 "150 locals are extras in new TV series"]. ''George Herald''.</ref> le ''Umjolo: Day Ones''.<ref name=":4">Kumar, Akshay (28 December 2024). [https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/review/2024/Dec/28/umjolo-day-ones-review-of-flawed-creatures-and-more "'Umjolo: Day Ones' review: Of flawed creatures and more"]. ''The New Indian Express''.</ref> Ka Lwetse 2022, Vivier le ba lelapa la gagwe ba ne ba fudugela kwa [[Dubai]].<ref>Scheepers, Xanet (1 December 2022). "[https://www.citizen.co.za/lifestyle/entertainment/celebrity-news/trix-vivier-career-taking-off-commutes-between-3-countries/ Trix Vivier's career is taking off as she commutes between three countries"]. ''The Citizen''. Retrieved 30 October 2025.</ref><ref>Bedirian, Razmig. [https://www.thenationalnews.com/arts-culture/film-tv/2023/12/15/uae-film-industry/ "A look back at the UAE's growing film industry"]. ''The National''.</ref> == Bodiragatsi == {| class="wikitable" !Setlhogo !Karolo !Ngwaga !Mofuta !Dinopolo !Metswedi |- |''Fynskrif'' |Bianca |2018 – 2020 |Series |Season 1 and 3 |<ref name=":0" /> |- |''American Monster'' |Rebecca Fenton |2019 |Series |Season 4 |<ref name=":5">[https://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/trix-vivier/credits/3000366093/ "Trix Vivier"]. ''TVGuide.com''.</ref> |- |''Projek Dina'' |Megan |2019 |Series |1 episode |<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20191206142643/https://www.son.co.za/Alles-wat-mal-is/Gossip/nuwe-reeks-projek-dina-beloof-lekker-baie-drama-20191205 "Nuwe reeks 'Projek Dina' beloof lekker baie drama | die Son"]. Archived from [https://www.son.co.za/Alles-wat-mal-is/Gossip/nuwe-reeks-projek-dina-beloof-lekker-baie-drama-20191205 the original] on 6 December 2019. Retrieved 1 March 2021.</ref> |- |''Die Spreeus'' |Anita Erasmus |2019 |Series |2 episodes |<ref>Rensburg, Liani Jansen van. [https://www.netwerk24.com/sarie/bekendes/ons-praat-met/trix-vivier-nee-was-n-norm-20190426 "Trix Vivier: 'Nee was die norm'"]. ''Sarie''.</ref> |- |''Waterfront'' |Kate Myburgh |2017 |Series |2 episodes |<ref>[https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/die-burger/20170801/281612420479678 "PressReader"]. Retrieved 20 November 2023 – via PressReader.</ref> |- |''Die Boekklub 2'' |Jana |2017 |Series | |<ref>[https://www.news24.com/life/new-local-series-explores-a-dark-side-to-the-waterfront-20171002 "New local series explores a dark side to the Waterfront"]. ''Life''.</ref> |- |''Die Boland Moorde 2'' |Isabel |2016 |Series |1 episode |<ref>Sieberhagen-Grey, Charlea. [https://www.netwerk24.com/huisgenoot/nuus/nuwe-sa-ster-bieg-ek-was-n-pynlike-presteerder-20171103 "Nuwe SA ster bieg: 'Ek was 'n pynlike presteerder'"]. ''Huisgenoot''. Retrieved 20 November 2023.</ref> |- |''[[7de Laan]]'' |Tineke |2018 |Series |11 episodes |<ref>Nortje (Saamgestel0, Michelle. [https://www.netwerk24.com/huisgenoot/vermaak/tv/hokaai-sorg-trix-vivier-vir-nog-drama-in-7de-laan-20180817 "Hokaai! Sorg Trix Vivier vir nóg drama in 7de Laan?"]. ''Huisgenoot''.</ref> |- |''Suidooster'' |Yolandi |2018 |Series |28 episodes |<ref name=":6">R, Delia du Toit | STILERING Fanie Cronjé | FOTO Leana. [https://www.netwerk24.com/sarie/bekendes/ons-praat-met/legacy-se-trix-vivier-moes-aanhou-en-uithou-20210504 "Legacy se Trix Vivier moes aanhou en uithou"]. ''Sarie''.</ref> |- |''Cowboy Dan'' |Joline |2018 |Short film |Short/Comedy/Drama |<ref name=":5" /> |- |''Versnel'' |Nadia |2017 |Short film |Short/Thriller |^{[''[[:en:Wikipedia:Citation_needed|citation needed]]'']} |- |''Van der Merwe'' |Receptionist |2017 |Film |Comedy |<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20240221094149/https://www.atlanticsun.co.za/news/sky-is-the-limit-for-vredehoek-actress Sky is the limit for Vredehoek actress]". ''Atlantic Sun''. 10 August 2017.</ref> |- |''[[The Dating Game Killer]]'' |Susan's friend |2017 |TV movie |Crime/Histort/Thriller |<ref>"[https://www.tvguide.com/movies/the-dating-game-killer/cast/2030173080/ The Dating Game Killer]". ''TVGuide.com''.</ref> |- |''[[Legacy]]'' |Petra Potgieter |2020–2021 |Series | |<ref name=":6" /> |- |''[[Trackers]]'' |Flea |2019 |Series | |<ref>Africa, AlgoaFM South. [https://www.algoafm.co.za/the-drive-with-roland-gaspar/mnet-original-series-trackers-launches-on-cinemax-in-the-usa-trackers-star-trix-vivier-talks-to-the-algoafm-drive-team "Website"]. ''www.algoafm.co.za''.</ref><ref>Roberts, Maryke (31 October 2019). [https://www.vrouekeur.co.za/bekendes/10-vrae-aan-trix-vivier "10 vrae aan Trix Vivier"]. ''Vrouekeur''.</ref> |- |''Fraksie'' |Jana Broeksma |2022–2023 |TV series |– |<ref>Taylor, Jody-Lynn. [https://www.netwerk24.com/huisgenoot/bekendes/trix-vivier-se-nuwe-lewe-oorsee-ek-moes-myself-sonder-n-padkaart-herondek-20231006 "Trix Vivier se nuwe lewe oorsee: Ek moes myself sonder 'n padkaart herontdek".] ''Huisgenoot''.</ref> |- |''Minder as Niks'' |Ami Prinsloo |2022 |TV series |– |<ref name=":2" /> |- |''Juffrou X'' |Inge Bester |2024 |Web series |– |<ref name=":3" /> |- |''Umjolo: Day Ones'' |Lead |2024 |TV movie |Netflix |<ref name=":4" /> |- |''The Trek'' |Jakoba Uys |2025 |Feature film |– |<ref>Barraclough, Leo (30 April 2024). [https://variety.com/2024/film/global/global-screen-the-trek-1235986120/ "Global Screen Boards Supernatural Survival Horror 'The Trek' (EXCLUSIVE)"].</ref> |} == References == [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] <references /> == Go Buisa go ya Pele == * [https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/huisgenoot/20191121/283893049859680 PressReader.com - Ditshwantshiso tsa Dijithale tsa Dikuranta le Dimakasine] * [https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/tv/story/2020-06-11/whats-on-tv-friday-trackers-on-cinemax-coronavirus "What's on TV Friday: 'Trackers' on Cinemax; coronavirus"]. ''[[:en:Los_Angeles_Times|Los Angeles Times]]''. 12 Seetebosigo 2020. * [https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/tv/local/all-the-glitz-and-glam-at-the-premiere-of-trackers-35271166 "All the glitz and glam at the premiere of 'Trackers'"]. * [https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/vrouekeur/20191101/281556587600088 "PressReader"]. E bonwe ka 20 Ngwanatsele 2023 – ka PressReader. * Bellingan, Maretta. [https://www.netwerk24.com/netwerk24/sy-doen-dit-al-van-kleins-af-20171019 "Sy doen dit al van kleins af"]. ''Netwerk24''. E bonwe ka 20 Ngwanatsele 2023. * [https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/tv/local/trix-vivier-is-proud-of-legacy-despite-covid-19-challenges-b63e3710-5e41-41d2-b681-7a14bcfbd466 "Trix Vivier is proud of 'Legacy' despite Covid-19 challenges"]. * Bergh, Joanie. [https://www.netwerk24.com/huisgenoot/bekendes/lea-trix-en-moeder-adri-ma-en-dogters-bekoor-sa-op-tv-20210219 "Lea, Trix en moeder Adri: Ma en dogters bekoor SA op TV"]. ''Huisgenoot''. E bonwe ka 20 Ngwanatsele 2023. * [https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/sarie/20200901/283347589536278 "PressReader"]. E bonwe ka 20 Ngwanatsele 2023 – ka PressReader. == Dikgolagano tsa kwa Ntle == * [[imdbname:6366742|Trix Vivier | Modiragatsi, Lefapha la Modumo]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20210514012724/https://www.apm.co.za/artiste/trix-vivier-836/ APM] 2d763f9k0wj660y9zeou6gs1d9gnibg 0 11900 53472 44888 2026-07-28T12:28:32Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53472 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Kgakgamatso Nkewu|office=Leloko la khansele ya [[Bokone Bophirima]] ya tlhabololo magae|term_start=Motsheganong a le malatsi a robabobedi ngwaga wa 2016|term_end=Phukwi a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa 2016|premier=[[Supra Mahumapelo]]|predecessor=[[Fenny Gaolaolwe]]|successor=[[Hoffman Galeng]]|office1=Motshwara madi wa [[African national Congress]] kwa [[Bokone Bophirima]]|term_start1=Tlhakole 2015|term_end1=Phukwi a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa 2016|predecessor1=[[Philly Mapulane]]|succeeded1=[[Sello Lehari]]|birth_date=Motsheganong a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa 1972|birth_place=[[Taung]] [[Transvaal]] [[Aforika Borwa]]|death_date=Phukwi a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa 2016|party=[[African National Congress]]}} '''Kgakgamatso Jeanette Nkewu''' (o o tshostweng ka Motsheganong a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa 1972 a tlhokafala ka Phukwi a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa 2016), o o itsegeng gape ka leina la K'''gakgamatso Morwagaswe''', e ne e le mopolotiki wa kwa [[Aforika Borwa]] o o berekileng e le leloko la khansele ya kgaolo ya [[Bokone Bophirima]] wa ditlhabololo tsa selegae go tswa ka Motsheganong ngwaga wa 2016 go fitlhelela a tlhokafala ka Phukwi 2016. O berekile gape e le motshwara madi wa kgaolo wa ANC kwa lephateng la Bokone Bophirima go tswa ka Tlhakole 2015 go fitlhelela a tlhokafala. Ke leloko la [[African National Congress]] (ANC), pele e ne e le mokhanselara kwa kgaolong ya mmasepala wa [[Taung]]. == Botshelo jwa gagwe a le mmotlana == Nkewu o tshotswe ka Motsheganong a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa 1972<ref>[https://www.pressreader.com/catalog "Nkewu's life one of service"]. ''Sowetan''. 15 July 2016. Retrieved 20 November 2025 – via PressReader.</ref>, kwa motseng wa Molelema gaufi le Taung kwa e leng kgaolo ya [[Bokone Bophirima]] gompieno.<ref name=":0">[https://www.gov.za/speeches/memorial-service-late-mec-kgakgamatso-nkewu-13-jul-2016-0000 "North West hosts memorial service for late MEC Kgakgamatso Nkewu, 14 Jul". ''S'']''outh African Government''. 13 July 2016. Retrieved 20 November 2025</ref> O nnile leloko la ANC ka dingwaga tsa 1990<ref name=":0" /> di simologa, a le matlhagatlhaga mo lekgotleng la basadi la ANC.<ref name=":1">[https://iol.co.za/news/south-africa/north-west/2016-07-08-condolences-pour-in-for-nwest-mec/ "Condolences pour in for NWest MEC"]. ''IOL''. 8 July 2016. Retrieved 20 November 2025</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2013, o ne a fetsa dithuto tsa degree ya go okamela ditiro (Project Management) kwa sekolong se segolwane sa ithutelo ditiro sa Southern Business College.<ref name=":0" /> == Pereko mo pusong == O ne a emetse ANC e le mokhanselara wa Taung, kwa aneng a nna leloko la komiti ya rratoropo,<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2">[https://www.gov.za/speeches/mec-nkewu-laid-rest-molelema-village-18-jul-2016-0000 "North West on funeral of MEC Kgakgamatso Nkewu".] ''South African Government''. 18 July 2016. Retrieved 20 November 2025</ref> go fitlhelela ka Tlhakole 2015, fa a ne a tlhophiwa go nna motshwara madi wa kgaolo mo lekalaneng la ANC la Bokone Bophirima, a bereka ka fa tlase ga modulasetilo wa kgaolo [[Supra Mahumapelo]].<ref>[https://mg.co.za/article/2015-02-14-supra-mahumapelo-re-elected-anc-north-west-chairperson/ "Supra Mahumapelo re-elected ANC North West leader".] ''The Mail & Guardian''. 14 February 2015. Retrieved 20 November 2025</ref> Ka jalo o ne a sa tlhophiwa pele go ya palamenteng ya botlhano, e e simolotsweng semmuso ka 2014,<ref>[https://www.politicsweb.co.za/documents/2014-elections-members-of-north-west-legislature "2014 elections: Members of North West legislature".] ''Politicsweb''. 18 May 2014. Retrieved 20 November 2025</ref> mme o ne a tlhomamisiwa ka sebaka sa fa a nna leloko la khansele ya Bokone Bophirima mo tswakanyong ya Motsheganong a robabobedi ngwaga wa 2016. Mahumapelo, mo maemong a gagwe a moeteledipele wa [[Bokone Bophirima]], o ne a mo tlhoma tona wa ditlhabolo tsa selegae.<ref>[https://www.businessday.co.za/archive/2016-05-09-north-west-cabinet-reshuffle-sees-four-new-members/ "North West cabinet reshuffle sees four new members"]. ''Business Day''. 9 May 2016. Retrieved 20 November 2025</ref> O ne a nna mo maemong a mabedi ao e le tona gape e le motshwara madi wa ANC wa kgaolo go fitlhelela a tlhokafala ka ngwaga wa 2016.<ref name=":1" /> == Botshelo jwa gagwe le loso == O tlhokafetse ka Phukwi a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa 2016 ka ntlha ya kotsi ya koloi mo tseleng ya N18 gaufi le [[Vryburg.]] O ne a tswa [[Mahikeng]] a ya Taung, kwa a neng a tshwanetse go ya go tsenelela letsholo pele ga ditlhopho tsa 2016, fa koloi ya gagwe e thulana le mokgweetsi wa baesekele; mokgweetsi wa baesekele le ene o ne a tlhokafala, badisa Nkewu ba gobala ba isiwa sepateleng.<ref name=":1" /><ref>[https://www.citizen.co.za/potchefstroom-herald/news/2016/07/08/newly-appointed-nw-mec-killed-in-car-crash/ "Newly appointed NW MEC killed in car crash".] ''Potchefstroom Herald''. 8 July 2016. Retrieved 20 November 2025</ref><ref>[https://www.polity.org.za/article/north-west-premier-supra-mahumapelo-on-death-of-mec-kgakgamatso-nkewu-2016-07-08 "North West: Premier Supra Mahumapelo on death of MEC Kgakgamatso Nkewu".] ''Polity''. 8 July 2016. Retrieved 20 November 2025</ref> Moletlo wa segopotso sa gagwe, o o neng o tshwaretswe kwa Taung, o ne o akareditse puo ka Mahumapelo le ba lekgotla la basadi la ANC [[Bathabile Dlamini]] le [[Baleka Mbete]].<ref name=":2" /> [[Fenny Gaolaolwe]] o ne a tshwarelela maemo a tona wa tlhabololo magae go filthelela ka Phatwe 2017, fa [[Hoffman Galeng]] a tlhophiwa go tlhatlhama Nkewu mo khanseleng. Nkewu o ne a nyetswe a na le bana ba basimane ba le babedi, ba ba neng ba le dingwaga di le nne le masome mabedi le bobedi fa a tlhokafala.<ref>Tlape, Otsile (13 July 2016). [https://web.archive.org/web/20241127095420/https://www.snl24.com/dailysun/news/national/tributes-to-miracle-mec-at-packed-service-20160712 "Tributes to 'miracle' MEC at packed service"]. ''Daily Sun''. Retrieved 20 November 2025</ref> == Metswedi == gwi27bagytk8bkkwcj3s9tjdqsoqpqi 0 12984 53522 48870 2026-07-29T02:53:01Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53522 wikitext text/x-wiki Go tswa mo Wikipedia, encyclopedia ya mahala '''Ryan de Villiers''' (o tshotswe ka 30 Ngwanatsele 1992) ke motshameki wa difilimi wa Mo-Aforika Borwa. O itsege thata ka karolo ya gagwe jaaka Dylan Stassen mo filiming ''[[Moffie]]'' (2019). O simolotse tiro ya gagwe mo sethaleng sa terama, mme a bona dikgele tsa [[Naledi]] Theatre Awards le [[Fleur du Cap Theatre Awards]]. == Botshelo jwa pele == De Villiers o tswa kwa [[East London]], mme o godile magareng ga [[Eastern Cape]] le [[KwaZulu-Natal]]. Ke morwa wa motlhokomedi wa tikologo, Div, le morutabana Annette, mme o na le kgaitsadi, Lauren, le morwarraagwe, Keith. O tsene sekolo kwa ''Rivermead Preparatory School'' le ''[[Stirling High School]]''.<ref>Hollands, Barbara (13 March 2019). [https://www.dispatchlive.co.za/news/2019-03-13-top-acting-award-for-ex-stirling-high-pupil/ "Top acting award for ex-Stirling High pupil"]. ''Dispatch Live''. Retrieved 30 July 2021.</ref><ref>Hollands, Barbara (23 May 2019). [https://www.dispatchlive.co.za/lifestyle/2019-05-22-el-actor-de-villiers-scoops-prestigious-naledi-for-breakthrough-performance/ "EL actor De Villiers scoops prestigious Naledi for breakthrough performance"]. ''Daily Dispatch''. Retrieved 30 July 2021.</ref> O alogile kwa [[Rhodes University]] ka 2015<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20260703140604/https://weekendspecial.co.za/ryan-de-villiers-matilda-the-musical/ "Ryan de Villiers: Matilda the Musical"]. ''WeekendSpecial''. 6 October 2018. Retrieved 30 July 2021.</ref><ref>[https://www.ru.ac.za/communicationsandadvancement/alumnirelations/latestnews/ryandevilliers2011.html "Taking 'jack and jill' to appealing terrain Ryan de Villiers (2011)"]. ''Rhodes University''. 8 August 2016. Retrieved 30 July 2021.</ref> ka [[Bachelor of Arts]], a bona dipase tsotlhe ka maemo a a kwa godimo (distinctions). Gape o ne a ithuta kwa ntle ga naga kwa United States, kwa ''Willamette University'' kwa Oregon.<ref>Ryan de Villiers (27 February 2015). [https://web.archive.org/web/20210731011825/http://blog.willamette.edu/worldnews/2015/02/27/hello-from-grahamstown-south-africa/ "Hello from Grahamstown, South Africa"]. ''Willamette World News''. Retrieved 30 July 2021.</ref><ref>[https://artistsone.co.za/men-26-33/972981/ryan-de-villiers "Ryan de Villiers"]. ''Artists One''. Retrieved 19 August 2021.</ref> == Lenane la difilimi == {| class="wikitable" |+ !Ngwaga !Setlhogo !Karolo !Dintlha |- |2019 |Moffie |Dylan Stassen |<ref>Hay, Carla (17 April 2021). [https://culturemixonline.com/review-moffie-starring-kai-luke-brummer-ryan-de-villiers-matthew-vey-stefan-vermaak-and-hilton-pelser/ "Review: 'Moffie,' starring Kai Luke Brummer, Ryan de Villiers, Matthew Vey, Stefan Vermaak, and Hilton Pelser"]. ''Culture Mix Online''. Retrieved 19 August 2021.</ref> |- |2025 |Hag |Rowan |<ref>Delores, Bee (12 December 2025). [https://bsidesbadlands.com/hag-horror-thriller-film-2025-review/ "Review: Tubi Original 'Hag' is delightfully unhinged"]. ''B-Sides & Badlands''. [[:en:Lewisburg,_West_Virginia|Lewisburg, W.V]].: bsidesbadlands.com. Retrieved 12 December 2025. <q>Sam Wineman's debut is to die for.</q></ref> |} == Sethala == {| class="wikitable" |+ !Ngwaga !Setlhogo !Karolo !Dintlha |- |2017 |The Woods |Grimm |Masque Theatre, [[Muizenberg]]<ref name=":0">Steyl, Louisa (24 January 2017). [https://web.archive.org/web/20210819064509/https://issuu.com/thepeoplespost/docs/peoplespostqr_20170124 "Out the woods, onto the stage"]. ''People's Post Retreat''. Retrieved 19 August 2021.</ref> |- |2017 |Jack and Jill |Jack |[[National Arts Festival]] |- |2017 |Measure Up | |FTH:K<ref name=":1">[https://www.schoolandcollegelistings.com/ZA/Cape-Town/88080492223/FTH%3AK "FTH:K"]. Retrieved 19 August 2021.</ref> |- |2018 |[[Significant Other]] |Will/ Tony/ Conrad |[[Fugard Theatre]], Cape Town<ref name=":2">Tembo, Theolin (15 June 2018). [https://www.iol.co.za/capeargus/life/significant-other-the-charming-dramedy-about-the-hunt-for-love-15492541 "Significant Other, the charming dramedy about the hunt for love"]. ''IOL''. Retrieved 19 August 2021.</ref> |- |2018-2019 |[[Matilda the Musical]] |Miss Trunchbull |International tour<ref>[https://www.netwerk24.com/Vermaak/Teater/ryan-de-villiers-klim-in-miss-trunchbull-se-skoene-20180817 "Ryan de Villiers klim in Miss Trunchbull se skoene"]. ''Netwerk24'' (in Afrikaans). 18 August 2018. Retrieved 10 August 2021.</ref> |- |2018 |[[Significant Other]] |Will/ Tony/ Conrad |[[Furgard Theatre]], Cape Town<ref name=":2" /> |- |2017 |The Woods |Grimm |Masque Theatre [[Muizenberg]]<ref name=":0" /> |- |2017 |Jack and Jill |Jack |[[National Arts Festival]] |- |2017 |Measure Up | |FTH:K<ref name=":1" /> |} == Dikgele le Thopo == {| class="wikitable" |+ !Ngwaga !Sekgele !Karolo !Tiro !Sephetho ! |- |2019 |Fleur du Cap Theatre Awards |Bes Performance by a Lead Actor in a Musical |Matilda the Musical |O fentse |<ref>Kruger, Lindsay (11 March 2019). [https://www.broadwayworld.com/south-africa/article/An-Evening-of-Vintage-Celebration-at-the-54th-Fleur-du-Cap-Theatre-Awards-20190311 "An Evening of Vintage Celebration at the 54th Fleur du Cap Theatre Awards"]. ''BroadwayWorld''. Retrieved 19 August 2021.</ref> |- |2019 |Naledi Theatre |Best Breakthrough Performance | --- |O fentse |<ref>[https://naleditheatreawards.com/naledi-awards-for-productions-staged-in-2018/ "2019 Naledi Awards for Productions Staged in 2018"]. ''Naledi Theatre Awards''. 21 May 2019. Retrieved 19 August 2021.</ref> |- |2022 |CinEuphoria Awards |Best Supporting Actor - International |Moffie |O tlhophilwe | |- |2022 |CinEuphoria Awards |Best Ensemble - Enternational |Moffie |O tlhophilwe | |} == Motswedi == qm17xfaguxndyq5h0gmued34xa6mktt 0 13246 53514 49954 2026-07-28T20:48:31Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53514 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Mpiima Dorothy Christine|image=Mpiima Dorothy Christine.jpg|birth_date=Phukwi a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa 1959|citizenship=[[Uganda]]|occupation=Mopolotiki|known for=Polotiki|successor=[[Judith Babirye]]|party=National Resistance Movement}} '''Mpiima Dorothy Christine''' (o o tshotsweng ka Phukwi a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa 1959) ke mopalamente wa kwa [[Uganda]] o o berekileng mo palamenteng ya borobabongwe ya Uganda.<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20230410050053/https://upfsp.org/membership-directory/ "Membership directory"]. ''The Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. 2019-07-05. Retrieved 2026-05-13</ref> E ne e le moemedi wa phathi ya National Resistance Movement kwa kgaolong ya [[Buikwe]].<ref name=":0" /> == Polotiki == Mo palamenteng ya borobabongwe, e ne e le mopalamente wa kgaolo ya Buikwe.<ref>[https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/116276123 "Abayimbi ba Ganda Boys batandise kaweefube w'okulinnyisa omutindo gw'emmwaanyi e Buikwe".] ''New Vision''. Retrieved 2026-05-13</ref><ref>[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/full-woman/female-faces-emerging-on-the-political-horizon-1622966 "Female faces emerging on the political horizon".] ''Monitor''. 2021-01-07. Retrieved 2026-05-13</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20221006082731/https://everypolitician.org/uganda/parliament/term-table/9.html "EveryPolitician: Uganda - Parliament - 9th Parliament".] ''EveryPolitician''. Retrieved 2026-05-13</ref> Christine Kasule Mugerwa o ne a pega tsheko kgatlhanong le Mpiima Dorothy a botsolosa ka thuto ya gagwe le go bua maaka ka nako ya letsholo la ditlhopho le go reka batlhophi.<ref>[https://ugandaradionetwork.net/story/court-reinstates-buikwe-woman-mp-petition "Court Reinstates Buikwe Woman MP Petition".] ''Uganda Radionetwork''. Retrieved 2026-05-13</ref> Fa Kasule a retelelwa ke go itshupa makgetho a le mararo, tsheko e ne ya tshololwa ke moatlhodi wa nako eo wa pele Justice Monica Mugenyi.<ref name=":1">Nambogga, Jackie (20 October 2011). [https://allafrica.com/stories/201110271096.html "Uganda: Buikwe District Woman MP Petition Reinstated"]. ''AllAfrica''. Retrieved 13 May 2026</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, tsheko e e tsholotsweng e e ne ya boela kgotlatshekelong gape kwa Jinja.<ref name=":1" /> Ka ngwaga wa 2016, o ne a latlhegelwa ke setilo sa gagwe sa palamente ya lesome kgatlhanong le Judith Babirye.<ref>TEAM, OBSERVER. [https://observer.ug/news-headlines/biggest-parliamentary-winners-losers-revealed "Biggest parliamentary winners, losers revealed"]. ''The Observer - Uganda''. Retrieved 2026-05-13</ref> E ne e le morutabana o o nang le thuto ya diploma pele ga a nna mopalamente.<ref>[https://www.independent.co.ug/hoping-to-be-honourable/ "Hoping to be honourable"]. ''The Independent Uganda''. 2014-08-03. Retrieved 2026-05-13</ref> Christine o ne a le gareng ga bo ntlhopheng ba National Resistance Movement ba ba neng ba tlhophilwe kwa ditlhophong tsa peo lotlhokwa.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250324044933/https://elitenewsug.com/nrm-electoral-commission-has-released-the-list-of-nominated-canidates-in-2020-primaries/ <nowiki>"NRM Electoral Commission has released the list of Nominated Canidates [sic] in 2020 Primaries » Elite News"</nowiki>]. ''Elite News''. 2020-08-24. Retrieved 2026-05-13</ref> == Metswedi == g2rheumjvtzwr4uu50y6hdpxajvu0by 0 13852 53516 51264 2026-07-28T22:17:29Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53516 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Kwafalls.jpg|thumb|Diphororo tsa Kwa kwa lefelong la itloso bodutu la noka ya Cross]] '''Noka ya Great Kwa''' e elela go kgabaganya kgaolo ya [[Noka ya Cross (Nigeria)|noka ya Cross]], kwa [[Nigeria]], e tshelwa ke toropo ya Calabar kwa botlhaba.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230709135801/https://www.cometonigeria.com/uncategorized/the-great-kwa-river/ "The Mythology Behind the Great Kwa River - Guide to Nigeria tourism, local culture & investments".] ''www.cometonigeria.com''. Retrieved 2026-06-22</ref> Tikologo ya noka e mo diphatseng ka ntlha ya ditiro tsa batho.<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20230709135801/https://www.cometonigeria.com/uncategorized/the-great-kwa-river/ "The Mythology Behind the Great Kwa River - Guide to Nigeria tourism, local culture & investments"]. ''www.cometonigeria.com''. Retrieved 2026-06-22</ref> == Lefelo == Noka e simologa kwa dithabeng tsa Oban, kwa lefelong la itloso bodutu la Cross River Nnational Park,<ref name=":0" /> e elelela kwa borwa kwa letamong la noka ya Cross.<ref name=":1">E. R. Akpan; J. O. Offem; A. E. Nya. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120402084001/http://www.ecoservepublishers.org/article_11.htm "Baseline ecological studies of the Great Kwa River, Nigeria I: Physico-chemical studies"]. ''EcoServ''. Archived from the original on 2012-04-02. Retrieved 2026-06-22</ref> Kwa tlase le na le makhubu, le diretse, e tshelwa ke lotshitshi lwa toropo ya Calabar kwa botlhaba.<ref name=":1" /> == Ditiro tsa setho == Ditiro tsa setho kwa kgampung ya Great Kwa di akaretsa tsa temothuo e potlana, go tshwara ditlhapi bogolo jang tsa shrimp.<ref>Ephraim, Bassey. [https://www.academia.edu/36806612/Compositional_evaluation_and_quality_status_of_surface_waters_of_MBAT_ABIATI_and_Oberekkai_Creeks_of_the_great_Kwa_River_Southeastern_Nigeria "Compositional evaluation and quality status of surface waters of MBAT- ABIATI and Oberekkai Creeks of the great Kwa River, Southeastern Nigeria".]</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, kwa Calabar go ya gola, ka ntlha ya lefelo la thekiso le le bulegileng kwa Calabar, mo go bakang go gola ga dipalo tsa matlo le madirelo go agiwa kwa metsing le mafelo a a bokgola a Great Kwa. <ref name=":1" />Sekolo se segolwane sa ithutelo ditiro sa university of Calabar se mo lefelong la diheketara di le lesome lebosupa fa gare ga noka ya Great Kwa le noka ya Calabar. Sekolo se, se bone lefatshe le lengwe mo lotshitshing lwa noka go tlhabologela kwa pele.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120402092019/http://www.unicaledu.com/about/Default.aspx "About Us".] University of Calabar. Archived from [http://www.unicaledu.com/about/Default.aspx the original] on 2012-04-02. Retrieved 2026-06-22</ref> == Kgotlhelesego == Mmasepala wa Calabar ga o na distela tsa go tshwara matlakala, dipula tse dintsi di gopela leswe le matlaka a madirelo kwa nokeng.<ref name=":1" /> Patlisiso ya ngwaga wa 2008 ya mogare wa Vibrio mo ditlhaping kwa mokeng ya Great Kwa e ne ya supa fa metsi a nna a kgotlhelwa ke boloko jwa setho, le gore ditlhapi di amegile thata. Se se baka diphatasa mo botsogong jwa banwa ba metsi di akaretsa malwetsi a cholera.<ref>Eja ME, Abriba C, Etok CA, Ikpeme EM, Arikpo GE, Enyi-Idoh KH, Ofor UA (15 July 2008). "Seasonal occurrence of vibrios in water and shellfish obtained from the Great Kwa River estuary, Calabar, Nigeria". ''Bull Environ Contam Toxicol''. '''81''' (3): 245–8. doi:[[doi:10.1007/s00128-008-9482-x|10.1007/s00128-008-9482-x]]. <nowiki>PMID 18626562</nowiki>.</ref> == Metswedi == kqut8kwfrtxqg69z00n8th8fprxuex2 0 14174 53517 51706 2026-07-28T22:54:33Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53517 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Sun sets at Ogun River.jpg|thumb|Noka ya Ogun]] '''Noka ya Ogun''' (listeni; Yoruba: Odò Ògùn) ke noka e e kwa lefatsheng la [[Nigeria]] e e elelang kwa lefatsheng la [[Lagos]] Lagoon. Ogun State e reeletswe ka noka.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240418211517/https://litcaf.com/ogun-river/ "Ogun River - LitCaf"]. 26 January 2016</ref> == Tsela e e dirisiwang ka yone == Noka ena e simologa gaufi le ditoropo tsa Sepeteri le Shaki kwa Oyo State kwa 8°41′0′′N 3°28′0′′E mme e elela go kgabaganya motsana go tsena kwa Ogun State mme kwa bofelong e tsena kwa Lagos State kwa e tsenang mo letsheng la Lagos kwa ditoropong tsa Isheri le Owode onirin.<ref>A.A. Ayoade, A.A. Sowunmi & H.I. Nwachukwu (2004). [http://www.ots.ac.cr/tropiweb/attachments/volumes/vol52-1/21-AYOADE-171-176.pdf "Gill asymmetry in Labeo ogunensis from Ogun river, Southwest Nigeria"] (PDF). ''Rev. Biol. Trop''. '''52''' (1): 171–175. doi:10.15517/rbt.v52i1.14821. <nowiki>PMID 17357414</nowiki>.</ref> Noka e kgabaganngwa ke Ikere Gorge Dam mo Iseyin local government area ya Oyo State. Bokgoni jwa letamo ke 690 million cubic metres (560,000 acre⋅ft).<ref>L. Berga, ed. (2006). ''Dams and Reservoirs, Societies and Environment in the 21st Century: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Dams in the Societies of the 21st Century, 22nd International Congress on Large Dams (ICOLD), Barcelona, Spain, 18 June 2006''. Taylor & Francis. p. 314. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-415-40423-1|<bdi>0-415-40423-1</bdi>.]]</ref>Letamo le le gaufi le Old Oyo National Park, le tlamela bajanala ka mafelo a boitapoloso, mme noka e elela go ralala phaka. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20171216091305/http://nigeriaparkservice.org/oyo/Default.aspx/ "Old Oyo National Park".] Nigeria National Park Service. Archived from the original on 16 December 2017. Retrieved 5 November 2010.</ref>Noka ya Ofiki, e e simololang gaufi le Shaki, ke nngwe ya dinoka tse dikgolo tse di tsenang mo nokeng ya Ogun.Noka ya Oyan, e nngwe ya dinoka, e kgabaganngwa ke Letamo la Noka ya Oyan le le tlamelang metsi kwa Abeokuta le Lagos.<ref>[https://guardian.ng/news/flood-threat-ogun-border-community-cries-out-over-opening-oyan-river-dam/ Flood threat: Ogun border community cries out over opening Oyan River dam"]. ''The Guardian''. Lagos, Nigeria. 22 September 2022. Retrieved 10 July 2023.</ref>Mo mafelong a a nang le baagi ba bantsi noka eno e dirisiwa go tlhapa, go tlhapa le go nwa metsi. Gape e dira jaaka kgelelo ya matlakala a bontsi jwa one e leng a a tswang kwa mafelong a go bolaelwang diphologolo mo go one a a leng mo tseleng ya noka.<ref>A.A. Ayoade, A.A. Sowunmi & H.I. Nwachukwu (2004). [http://www.ots.ac.cr/tropiweb/attachments/volumes/vol52-1/21-AYOADE-171-176.pdf "Gill asymmetry in Labeo ogunensis from Ogun river, Southwest Nigeria"] (PDF). ''Rev. Biol. Trop''. '''52''' (1): 171–175. doi:10.15517/rbt.v52i1.14821. <nowiki>PMID 17357414</nowiki>.</ref> == Ditso == Mo bodumeding jwa Ba-Yoruba, Yemoja ke modimo wa Noka ya Ogun. Moruti Charles Phillips, rraagwe Charles Phillips yo morago a neng a nna Mobishopo wa Ondo, o ne a kwala ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi le masome a matlhano le bosupa (1857) gore Noka ya Ogun e ne e obamelwa ke batho ba ba neng ba nna go bapa le dintshi tsa yone go tloga fa e tlhatlogang go fitlha fa e elela mo lekadibeng.<ref>McKenzie, Peter Rutherford (1997). [https://books.google.com/books?id=BIdITHIAEs0C&pg=PA201 ''Hail Orisha!: a phenomenology of a West African religion in the mid-nineteenth century''.] BRILL. p. 30. ISBN <bdi>90-04-10942-0</bdi>.</ref>Noka eno e ne e ralala bogare jwa Mmusomogolo wa bogologolo wa Oyo. Metropolitan Oyo e ne e kgaogantswe ka diporofense di le thataro tse tharo mo ntlheng ya bophirima jwa Noka ya Ogun le tse tharo kwa ntlheng ya botlhaba jwa noka. Ka nako nngwe, noka e ne e le tsela e e botlhokwa ya bagwebi ba ba neng ba rwala dithoto ka mokoro magareng ga Abeokuta le Kolone ya Lagos.<ref>Foreign and Commonwealth Office (1859). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=q5kAAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA381 British and foreign state papers, Volume 54]''. H.M.S.O.</ref> == Metswedi == rxagdjegib8hgvpmsywpon676cdsj39 0 14215 53486 51882 2026-07-28T14:29:46Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53486 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Letamo la Ain Zada''' ke letamo le le leng botelele jwa dikilometara di le lesome (6 mi) kwa botlhaba jwa [[Khelil]] mo nokeng ya Bou-Sellam mo kgaolwaneng ya Bordj Bou Arréridj, Algeria. E agilwe magareng ga ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bobedi le masome a robabobedi le borataro, maikaelelo a magolo a letamo ke go tlamela metsi a go nwa le a go nosetsa kwa [[Sétif]], e e leng dikilometara di le masome a mabedi le bone go ya kwa bophirima. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210513123119/https://www.hidrotehnika.rs/en/algerie/ain-zada/ "Ain Zada"]. Hidrotehnika-Hidroenergetika. Retrieved 22 August 2011.</ref> == Metswedi == 1nhpr1u897yo7z6djx0u6d8exb4ghtp 0 14299 53480 53054 2026-07-28T13:45:31Z JudithShe 9421 Ke thabolotse tsebe e#Wikipedia25BW 53480 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Tshenyetso Setshaba mo Botswana''' gantsi e tsewa e le nngwe ya tse di kwa tlase mo [[Aferika|Aforika]] . Le fa go ntse jalo,tshenyetso sechaba ga e a fedisiwa mme e santse e bonala mo makalaneng a a farologaneng a puso le ka mefuta e farologaneng. Le ntswa maieko a go lwantsha tshenyetso setshaba mo Botswana a le teng, e simolotse go ya magoletsa. Mefuta e e tlwaelesegileng thata ya tshenyetso setshaba ke go ja ka losika kgotsa go tshegetsana . == Seelo == Tshupane ya Dikakanyo tsa tshenyetso sechaba ya ngwaga a dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025) ya [[Transparency International]] e neetse Botswana maduo a le masome a matlhano le borobabobedi mo sekaleng go tsweng go 0 ("tshenyetso sechaba ye kwa godimo thata") go ya lekgolong ("phepa thata"). Fa go rulagangwa go ya ka maduo, Botswana e ne e le mo maemong a bo masome a mane la bongwe mo mafatsheng a le lekgolo a masome a robabobedi le bobedi mo tshupaneng kwa fa lefatshe le leng mo maemong a ntlha le tsewang le na le lekalaneng la puso le le ikanyegang go gaisa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 February 2025 |title=The ABCs of the CPI: How the Corruption Perceptions Index is calculated |url=https://www.transparency.org/en/news/how-cpi-scores-are-calculated |access-date=28 February 2026 |website=Transparency.org |language=en}}</ref> Fa go bapisiwa le maduo a kgaolo, maduo a a gaisang go feta mo mafatsheng a tsa Aforika e e kwa borwa jwa Sahara [ Ela tlhoko 1 ] e ne e le masome a marataro le borobabobedi, palogare e ne e le masome a mararo le bobedi mme e e maswe go gaisa e ne e le 9. <ref>{{Cite web |last=<!-- not stated --> |date=10 February 2026 |title=Corruption Perceptions Index 2025: Public sector corruption sees Sub-Saharan Africa face the highest corruption levels globally |url=https://www.transparency.org/en/press/corruption-perceptions-index-2025-public-sector-corruption-sub-saharan-africa-face-highest-corruption-levels-globally |access-date=28 February 2026 |website=Transparency.org |language=en}}</ref> Fa go bapisiwa le maduo a lefatshe ka bophara, maduo a a gaisang e ne e le masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe (a a beilweng mo maemong a 1), palogare ya worst e ne e le 42,-10. bofa). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Corruption Perceptions Index 2025: Botswana |url=https://www.transparency.org/en/cpi/2025/index/bwa |access-date=28 February 2026 |website=Transparency.org |language=en}}</ref> Lekwalo la [[Business Anti-Corruption Portal]], le ne la baya Botswana mo maemong a a magareng mabapi le selekanyo sa tshenyetso setshaba se se bonwang mo lefatsheng leno. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Botswana Corruption Report |url=https://www.ganintegrity.com/portal/country-profiles/botswana/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191123004230/https://www.ganintegrity.com/portal/country-profiles/botswana/ |archive-date=2019-11-23 |access-date=2019-12-15 |website=GAN Integrity |language=en-US}}</ref> Kgoro ya Kgwebo e e Kgatlhanong le tshenyetso sechaba e ne ya tswelela pele, e bolela gore makala a le mantsi a puso, a a jaaka ditirelo tsa Boatlhodi, Sepodisi, [[Dipolotiki tsa Botswana|Peomolao]], ditirelo tsa Setšhaba, Tsamaiso ya Lekgetho le Theko ya Setšhaba otlhe a bona dikotsi tse di farologaneng tsa bonweenwee. <ref name=":0" /> Mo Pegelong ya Kgaisano ya Lefatshe Lotlhe ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019) Botswana e mo maemong a bo 113/141 mo tirong ya lekala la puso mme e mo maemong a bo 32/141 mo go nneng mo Ponatshegelong. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Global Competitiveness Report |url=https://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_TheGlobalCompetitivenessReport2019.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220730051309/https://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_TheGlobalCompetitivenessReport2019.pdf |archive-date=30 July 2022 |access-date=13 July 2024 |publisher=[[World Economic Forum]] |page=107}}</ref> Mo Pegelong ya Kgaisano ya Lefatshe e e dirilweng ka dingwaga tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le motso(2011) le ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bobedi (2012), go begilwe fa bonweenwee mo Botswana e le nngwe ya dilo tse di nang le mathata thata fa go tla mo go direng kgwebo mo lefatsheng leno. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Badham-Jones |first=Michael |date=27 November 2014 |title=Overview of Corruption and Anti-Corruption in Botswana |url=https://www.transparency.org/files/content/corruptionqas/Country_Profile_Botswana_2014.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200718210209/https://www.transparency.org/files/content/corruptionqas/Country_Profile_Botswana_2014.pdf |archive-date=2020-07-18 |access-date=2019-12-15 |website=Transparency International}}</ref> Tshenyetso sechaba e ile jwa oketsega go tsweng mo dingwageng tse di fetileng, jaaka patlisiso e e dirilweng ke Transparency International le Afrobarometer ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015) e tlhalositse fa 1% ya baagi ba Botswana ba duetse pipamolomo mo dikgweding di le lesome le bobedi tse di fetileng mo tirelong ya puso, mme ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019), e ne ya oketsega go nna 7%. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=2019 |title=Results - Africa (Botswana) |url=https://www.transparency.org/en/gcb/africa/africa-2019/results/bwa |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240629173341/https://www.transparency.org/en/gcb/africa/africa-2019/results/bwa |archive-date=2024-06-29 |access-date=2024-07-13 |website= |publisher=[[Transparency International]] |language=en |edition=10th}}</ref> Patlisiso e ne ya tlhalosa gape gore 39% ya baagi ba Botswana ba akanya gore batho ba ba mo mapodising ba na le seabe mo bobodu, go fokotsega go tswa go 54% ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano(2015). 39% ya baagi ba Botswana ba akanya gore badiredi ba puso ba na le seabe mo bobodu, koketsego go tswa go 29% ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015), le 28% ya baagi ba Botswana ba akanya gore maloko a palamente a na le seabe mo bobodu, koketsego go tswa go 28% ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015).<ref name=":1">[https://www.transparency.org/en/gcb/africa/africa-2019/results/bwa "Results - Africa (Botswana)"] (10th&#x20;ed.). Transparency International. 2019. Archived from the original on 29 June 2024. Retrieved 13 July 2024.</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019), 52% ya baagi ba Botswana ba boletse fa bonweenwee bo oketsegile mo morafeng wa bone, 20% ba re bo fokotsegile, 17% ba re bo ntse bo tshwana, mme 11% ga ba a araba; fa mo patlisisong ya 2015, 51% ya baagi ba rile tshenyetso sechaba bo oketsegile, 24% ba re bo fokotsegile, 14% ba re bo ntse bo tshwana mme 11% ga ba a araba.<ref name=":1" /> === Mefuta ya tshenyetso setshaba === Tshenyetso sechaba kwa Botswana bo dirisiwa thata ke batho ba maemo a a kwa godimo ba puso. Batho bano ke bone ba ba dirisitseng maatla a bone go dira gore go nne le mekgatlho e e dirisanang le batho ba bangwe mme ba dira gore dikgatlhego tsa puso le tsa batho ba bangwe di se ka tsa utlwana. Go thata go lwantsha mofuta ono wa tlolomolao. E tseneletse thata mo pusong ya lefatshe le mo madirelong a poraefete, mme setlhopha se sennye se se solegelwang molemo ke Tshenyetso sechaba jono se ka dirisa maatla a sone go tlhomamisa gore bo tswelela pele. <ref name=":3" /> Gape Botswana e tlhasetswe ke tshenyetso sechaba jo bo sa reng sepe le jo bo dirwang ke balaodi. Le fa go ntse jalo, mofuta o wa bobodu ga o bonwe gantsi mme o tsewa o le kwa tlase. <ref name=":3" />Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le leosme le borataro (2016), [[Lephata la Thuto le Tlhabololo]] ya Bokgoni le ne la dirisa pula e le dimilione di le makgolo a marataro kwa ntle ga tumelelo ya Palamente, mme la tsenya lekala la thuto la Botswana mo kotsing ya madi.<ref>Masokola, Alfred. [https://www.weekendpost.co.bw/21627/news/p600-million-goes-missing-at-education-ministry/ "P600 million goes missing at Education Ministry".] ''WeekendPost''. Archived from the original on 30 May 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2024.</ref> == Maiteko a go lwantsha Tshenyetso sechaba == Tshenyetso sechaba mo Botswana bo batlisisiwa thata ke [[Directorate on Corruption and Economic Crimes]] (DCEC). Ke ka ntlha ya Directorate on Corruption and Economic Crimes go bo Botswana e kgona go nna e le kwa tlase mo seelong sa Tshenyetso sechaba. Se ke ka ntlha ya seelo se se kwa godimo sa go sekisiwa ga batho se Lefapha la Tshenyetso sechaba le Bosenyi jwa Ikonomi le kgonang go se fitlhelela.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110421032241/http://www.state.gov/e/eeb/rls/othr/ics/2011/157825.htm "2011 Investment Climated Statement - Botswana".] U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 21 April 2011. Retrieved 12 July 2011.</ref>Go thusa go lwantsha bobodu, Botswana gape ke leloko la Eastern le Southern Anti-Money Laundering Group.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110421032241/http://www.state.gov/e/eeb/rls/othr/ics/2011/157825.htm "Botswana".] 21 April 2011. Archived from the original on 21 April 2011. Retrieved 15 December 2019.</ref> [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]], [[Tautona wa Botswana]] go simolola ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2018) go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024), le ene o nnile le seabe mo go lwantsheng bobodu mo nageng ya gagwe. Kwa bokopanong jwa kgaolo e e neng e lebagane le go lwantsha Tshenyetso sechaba mo kontinenteng ya Afrika, Rre Masisi o ne a neela puo e le moeng wa tlotlo, koo a neng a kopa dipuso go diragatsa dipholisi tsa go lwantsha Tshenyetso sechaba. Maitsholo a a ntseng jalo a tla tlhoka gore go nne le dithulaganyo tsa ka fa gare tsa go boloka diakhaonto le go tlhatlhoba diakhaonto, ditheo tse di nonofileng tse di lwantshang Tshenyetso sechabagore di kgone go nna le taolo, mmogo le molao le thulaganyo e e siameng. Masisi o tlhalositse gape mekgwa e e farologaneng e naga ya gagwe e e tsereng go lwantsha bobodu, e e akaretsang go tlhamiwa ga kgotlatshekelo e e kgethegileng fela ka ditiro tsa bosenyi tsa bobodu, le ditiro tse di farologaneng tsa semolao, jaaka Molao wa [[Whistle Blower]] le Molao wa Ditseno le Didiriswa tsa Bosenyi.<ref>[https://archive.uneca.org/stories/botswana-shining-beacon-hope-fight-against-corruption-africa "Botswana is a shining beacon of hope in the fight against corruption in Africa | United Nations Economic Commission for Africa".] ''archive.uneca.org''. Archived from the original on 11 August 2022. Retrieved 16 June 2022.</ref> Fa go tla mo dithulaganyong tse dingwe tsa semolao le melao e e fetisitsweng go lwantsha Tshenyetso sechaba mo nageng, e e itsegeng thata ke Molao wa Tshenyetso sechaba le wa Bosenyi jwa Ikonomi wa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bone (1994). Molao ono o tlhodile Directorate on Corruption and Economic Crimes (DCEC), e e eteletseng pele maiteko a go lwantsha bobodu kwa Botswana, mme e neetse Directorate dithata tsa yone. Molao wa Tshenyetso sechaba le Bokebekwa jwa Ikonomi gape o na le dithata tse dingwe, jaaka go thibela go kopa, go amogela le go amogela tuelo ka maikaelelo a go tsietsa modiredipuso. Dithata tse dingwe tsa CECA di akaretsa tshireletso ya baitseanape ba le bantsi. <ref name=":3" /> == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Dipolotiki tsa Botswana]] [[Karolo:Puso ya Botswana]] lzjl5ay4y47og63syn8b4ubaahfl9sr 0 14360 53531 53409 2026-07-29T06:08:11Z Atsile Edith 11759 Ke senotse tsebe e #Wikipedia25BW 53531 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Black Lions''' ke setlhopha sa kgwele ya dinao sa kwa [[Gaborone]], [[Botswana]]. Setlhopha se tshameka mo [[Botswana Premier League]] {{Infobox football club|nickname=|ground=|capacity=|image=Black_Lions_F.C._logo.png|image_size=|pattern_la1=|pattern_la2=|pattern_b2=|pattern_ra1=|pattern_ra2=|leftarm1=|leftarm2=|body1=|body2=|rightarm1=|rightarm2=|shorts1=|shorts2=|socks1=|socks2=|clubname=|fullname=|founded=2024|chairman=|owner=|manager=|league=[[Botswana Premier League]]|season=[[2025–26 Botswana Premier League|2025–26]]|position=14th|current=}} == Ditso == Tlelapa e ne ya tlhomiwa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024), mme ya kwadisiwa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025) go tshameka mo Division Two. Le fa go ntse jalo, ba rekile maemo a Premier League go tswa go VTM FC mme ba tshameka mo ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025) go ya ko ngwageng wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le borataro (2026) Botswana Premier League. Mogokgo wa maloba wa [[Orlando Pirates F.C.|Orlando Pirates]], [[Owen da Gama]], o ne a ba katisa mo tshimologong ya setlha sa bone sa ntlha mo setlhopheng sa maemo a a kwa godimo <ref>[https://www.panafricafootball.com/post/botswana-owen-da-gama-lowers-black-lions-fc-s-expectations/ Botswana: Owen da Gama lowers Black Lions FC's expectations".] 28 August 2025. Retrieved 27 November 2025.</ref><ref>Dube, Mqondisi (22 August 2025). [https://www.mmegi.bw/sports/will-the-lions-roar-in-an-unforgiving-jungle/news "Will the Lions roar in an unforgiving jungle?".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 27 November 2025.</ref>go fitlha a tsamaya ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole wa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025).<ref>Dube, Mthokozisi (3 December 2025). [https://farpost.co.za/2025/12/03/owen-da-gama-parts-ways-with-botswanas-black-lions/ "Owen Da Gama parts ways with Botswana's Black Lions".] ''Farpost''. Retrieved 3 December 2025.</ref> Ba simolotse ka go fenngwa gararo ka tatelano pele ba bona sebopego se sengwe mme ba tlhatlogela kwa godimo mo tafoleng.<ref>Boranabi, Kabelo (7 November 2025). [https://www.mmegi.bw/sports/lions-roar-towards-respectable-position/news "Lions roar towards respectable position".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 27 November 2025</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025), tlelapa e ne ya ntsha moneelo wa didiriswa tsa boleng jwa dikete tsa dipula tse lesome go Boitekanelo College.<ref>Malabe, Chawada (15 September 2025). [https://thevoicebw.com/black-lions-fc-donates/ "Black Lions FC Donates » TheVoiceBW".] ''TheVoiceBW''. Retrieved 27 November 2025</ref> == Metswedi == <references />{{Botswana Premier League}} gkde38f53mt45fc0lecplvfxk0c69jh 53532 53531 2026-07-29T06:12:32Z Atsile Edith 11759 Ke senotse tsebe e #Wikipedia25BW 53532 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Black Lions''' ke setlhopha sa kgwele ya dinao sa kwa [[Gaborone]], [[Botswana]]. Setlhopha se tshameka mo [[Botswana Premier League]] {{Infobox football club|nickname=|ground=|capacity=|image=Black_Lions_F.C._logo.png|image_size=|pattern_la1=|pattern_la2=|pattern_b2=|pattern_ra1=|pattern_ra2=|leftarm1=|leftarm2=|body1=|body2=|rightarm1=|rightarm2=|shorts1=|shorts2=|socks1=|socks2=|clubname=|fullname=|founded=2024|chairman=|owner=|manager=|league=[[Botswana Premier League]]|season=[[2025–26 Botswana Premier League|2025–26]]|position=14th|current=}} == Ditso == Tlelapa e ne ya tlhomiwa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024), mme ya kwadisiwa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025) go tshameka mo Division Two. Le fa go ntse jalo, ba rekile maemo a Premier League go tswa go VTM FC mme ba tshameka mo ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025) go ya ko ngwageng wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le borataro (2026) Botswana Premier League. Mogokgo wa maloba wa [[Orlando Pirates F.C.|Orlando Pirates]], [[Owen da Gama]], o ne a ba katisa mo tshimologong ya setlha sa bone sa ntlha mo setlhopheng sa maemo a a kwa godimo <ref>[https://www.panafricafootball.com/post/botswana-owen-da-gama-lowers-black-lions-fc-s-expectations/ Botswana: Owen da Gama lowers Black Lions FC's expectations".] 28 August 2025. Retrieved 27 November 2025.</ref><ref>Dube, Mqondisi (22 August 2025). [https://www.mmegi.bw/sports/will-the-lions-roar-in-an-unforgiving-jungle/news "Will the Lions roar in an unforgiving jungle?".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 27 November 2025.</ref>go fitlha a tsamaya ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole wa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025).<ref>Dube, Mthokozisi (3 December 2025). [https://farpost.co.za/2025/12/03/owen-da-gama-parts-ways-with-botswanas-black-lions/ "Owen Da Gama parts ways with Botswana's Black Lions".] ''Farpost''. Retrieved 3 December 2025.</ref> Ba simolotse ka go fenngwa gararo ka tatelano pele ba bona sebopego se sengwe mme ba tlhatlogela kwa godimo mo tafoleng.<ref>Boranabi, Kabelo (7 November 2025). [https://www.mmegi.bw/sports/lions-roar-towards-respectable-position/news "Lions roar towards respectable position".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 27 November 2025</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025), tlelapa e ne ya ntsha moneelo wa didiriswa tsa boleng jwa dikete tsa dipula tse lesome go Boitekanelo College.<ref>Malabe, Chawada (15 September 2025). [https://thevoicebw.com/black-lions-fc-donates/ "Black Lions FC Donates » TheVoiceBW".] ''TheVoiceBW''. Retrieved 27 November 2025</ref> == Metswedi == <references />{{Navbox|name=Botswana Premier League|title=[[Botswana Premier League]]|state={{{state|autocollapse}}}|listclass=hlist|group1=2025-26 teams|list1=*[[Black Lions F.C.|Black Lions]] *[[Botswana Defence Force XI F.C.|Botswana Defence Force XI]] *[[Calendar Star F.C.|Calendar Star]] *[[Extension Gunners FC|Extension Gunners]] *[[Gaborone United S.C.|Gaborone United]] *[[Jwaneng Galaxy F.C.|Jwaneng Galaxy]] *[[Matebele FC|Matebele]] *[[Mochudi Centre Chiefs SC|Mochudi Centre Chiefs]] *[[Morupule Wanderers FC|Morupule Wanderers]] *[[Nico United]] *[[Orapa United F.C.|Orapa United]] *[[Botswana Police XI SC|Police XI]] *[[Santa Green F.C.|Santa Green]] *[[Sua Flamingoes FC|Sua Flamingoes]] *[[TAFIC F.C.|TAFIC]] *[[Township Rollers F.C.|Township Rollers]]|group2=Seasons|list2=*[[1992 Botswana Premier League|1992]] *[[1993 Botswana Premier League|1993]] *[[1994 Botswana Premier League|1994]] *[[1995 Botswana Premier League|1995]] *[[1996 Botswana Premier League|1996]] *[[1997 Botswana Premier League|1997]] *[[1998 Botswana Premier League|1998]] *[[1999 Botswana Premier League|1999]] *[[1999–2000 Botswana Premier League|1999–2000]] *[[2000–01 Botswana Premier League|2000–01]] *[[2001–02 Botswana Premier League|2001–02]] *[[2002–03 Botswana Premier League|2002–03]] *[[2003–04 Botswana Premier League|2003–04]] *[[2004–05 Botswana Premier League|2004–05]] *[[2005–06 Botswana Premier League|2005–06]] *[[2006–07 Botswana Premier League|2006–07]] *[[2007–08 Botswana Premier League|2007–08]] *[[2008–09 Botswana Premier League|2008–09]] *[[2009–10 Botswana Premier League|2009–10]] *[[2010–11 Botswana Premier League|2010–11]] *[[2011–12 Botswana Premier League|2011–12]] *[[2012–13 Botswana Premier League|2012–13]] *[[2013–14 Botswana Premier League|2013–14]] *[[2014–15 Botswana Premier League|2014–15]] *[[2015–16 Botswana Premier League|2015–16]] *[[2016–17 Botswana Premier League|2016–17]] *[[2017–18 Botswana Premier League|2017–18]] *[[2018–19 Botswana Premier League|2018–19]] *[[2019–20 Botswana Premier League|2019–20]] *[[2020–21 Botswana Premier League|2020–21]] *[[2021–22 Botswana Premier League|2021–22]] *[[2022–23 Botswana Premier League|2022–23]] *[[2023–24 Botswana Premier League|2023–24]] *[[2024–25 Botswana Premier League|2024–25]] *[[2025–26 Botswana Premier League|2025–26]]}}<noinclude> {{navbox documentation}}</noinclude> 2kmj3f9b0fojxzr9w69zkdyjl4l6nh2 0 14384 53501 52955 2026-07-28T17:08:51Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 5 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53501 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Jwaneng_Open_Mine.jpg|thumb|[[Moepo wa diteemane wa Jwaneng]], wa bobedi ka botona mo lefatsheng, e bile o humile go gaisa ka boleng. ]] '''Madirelo a meepo ya Botswana''' a sale a eteletse pele mo go laoleng [[Itsholelo ya Botswana|itsholelo ya setšhaba sa Botswana]] go tloga ka dingwaga tsa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa (1970), e le madirelo a itsholelo a konokono . <ref name=":7">{{Cite web |title=Botswana: Mining a New Growth Model |url=https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2018/09/05/na090518Botswana |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=IMF |language=en}}</ref> Teemane e ntse e le yone e e eteletseng pele mo lephateng la ditswammung fa e sa le tiro ya go epa matlotlo a e simololwa ke kompone ya meepo [[Debswana|ya Debswana]] . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last= |date=2024-02-28 |title=Botswana - Mining & Minerals |url=https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/botswana-mining-minerals |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=www.trade.gov |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":8">{{Cite web |title=About Debswana |url=https://www.debswana.com/Careers/4Cs/Culture/Pages/DebswanaOverview.aspx |website=Debswana}}</ref> Bontsi jwa diteemane tsa [[Botswana]] ke matlapa a a boleng jo bo kwa godimo, mme se ke sone se bayang Botswana mo maemong a go nna lefatshe le le le ntshang diteemane tse di tlhwatlhwa kgolo go feta, mo lefatsheng ka bophara <ref name=":0" /> Tiro ya go ntsha kopore, gauta, nikele, magala le molora wa soda le yone e nnile le seabe se se botlhokwa, le fa e le se sennye, mo itsholelong. <ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi (2022), meepo e ne e dirile lesome le borataro mo lekgolong (16%) mo palong ya [[Gross domestic product|dikhumo tsa lefatshe]] tsa Botswana (GDP). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Statsbots |url=https://www.statsbots.org.bw/sites/default/files/Gross%20Domestic%20Product%20Q2%202022.pdf}}</ref> Bontsi jwa madirelo a ditswammung a Botswana a akaretsa diteemane. <ref name=":9">{{Cite web |title=The contribution of diamonds to Botswana's development |url=https://www.debeersgroup.com/reports/socio-economic-impacts/botswana/the-contribution-of-diamonds-to-botswana-development |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=www.debeersgroup.com |language=en}}</ref> Mo godimo ga diteemane, Botswana gape o ikgantsha ka metswedi e mentsi ya ditswammung jaaka magala, kopore, nikele, le molora wa soda, mmogo le granite, mme se se kabakanya lekalana la one la meepo go ya pele. Le fa go ntse jalo, lekalana le, le fa le le botlhokwa thata, le lebaganwe ke dikgwetlho, segolobogolo ka ntlha ya tlhaelo ya tlhabololo ya mafaratlhatlha . == Diteemane == [[File:Tree_map_export_2009_Botswana.jpeg|left|thumb|Moalo wa dithoto tse di romelwang kwa ntle tsa Botswana ka 2009]] Madirelo a diteemane a lefatshe la Botswana a botlhokwa thata mo itsholelong ya lone. <ref name=":7"/> Fa e sale go bonwa ga diteemane mo Botswana kwa bofelong jwa dingwaga tsa bo 1960 kwa [[Diteemane tse di epiwang kwa moepong wa Orapa|moepong wa diteemane wa Orapa]], <ref>{{Cite news|last=Nocera|first=Joe|date=2008-08-09|title=Diamonds Are Forever in Botswana|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/09/business/worldbusiness/09nocera.html|access-date=2024-05-02|work=The New York Times}}</ref> matlapa a a tlhwatlhwakgolo a a nnile le seabe se se botlhokwa thata mo go bopeng itsholelo ya setšhaba. Madirelo a a laolwa thata ke puso le ba De Beers mo komponeng e e bidiwang [[Debswana]] . <ref name=":8"/> === Seabe sa diteemane mo itsholelong === [[File:GDP_per_capita_of_Botswana,_1950_to_2016.png|thumb|khumo ya lefatshe go ya ka tlhogo ya motho (mongwe le mongwe mo lefatsheng) ya Botswana go tloga ka 1950 go fitlha ka 2016]] Diteemane di nnile le tiro e e kgolo mo itsholelong ya Botswana. Go bonwa ga diteemane mo Botswana ka dingwaga tsa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, le masome a marataro go ne ga tsisa phetogo e e bonalang ya itsholelo mo lefatsheng lotlhe ka bophara, mme se se ne sa tsholetsa lefatshe la Botswana go tswa go nna lengwe la mafatshe a a humanegileng thata mo lefatsheng lotlhe go nna lengwe la mafatshe a itsholelo e e humileng mo Aforika. <ref name=":7"/> <ref name=":9"/> <ref>{{Cite web |last=de la Horra |first=Luis Pablo |title=How Botswana Became One of Africa's Wealthiest Nations |url=https://fee.org/articles/how-botswana-became-one-of-africas-wealthiest-nations/ |website=Foundation for Economic Education}}</ref> Letseno le le tswang mo diteemaneng tse di rekisiwang kwa ntle ga lefatshe le kgontshitse Botswana go beeletsa mo mafaratlhatlheng, [[thuto]], tlhokomelo ya botsogo, le mananeo a a thusang ba ba dikobo dikhutshwane, mme se se nnile le seabe se segolo thata mo maemong a botshelo jwa banni ba Botswana. . <ref>{{Cite web |last=DeMarco |first=Anthony |title=New Film Details How Botswana Benefits From Diamonds |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/anthonydemarco/2020/02/06/new-film-details-how-botswana-benefits-from-diamonds/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Diamonds in the Rough: Exporting and Investing in Botswana's Mineral Brilliance |url=https://www.prosperafrica.gov/blog/diamonds-in-the-rough-exporting-and-investing-in-botswanas-mineral-brilliance/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Prosper Africa |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-05-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240502210655/https://www.prosperafrica.gov/blog/diamonds-in-the-rough-exporting-and-investing-in-botswanas-mineral-brilliance/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, lefatshe la Botswana le tsentse mo tirisong melao ya go rotloetsa go solegelwa molemo ke diteemane mono gae, le go rotloetsa go sega le go pholetšha diteemane mo Botswana go okeletsa lefatshe dipoelo tse di tswang mo madirelong a meepo. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ben-Zvi |first=Gidon |date=2023-12-21 |title=A New Dawn for the Botswana Diamond Industry |url=https://rapaport.com/analysis/a-new-dawn-for-the-botswana-diamond-industry/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Rapaport |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana Minerals Policy 2022 |url=https://bgi.org.bw/sites/default/files/Botswana%20Minerals%20Policy%202022.pdf}}</ref> Ka dipolokelo tsa lone tse di humileng tsa diteemane, maikaelelo a lone mo go tsweleleng, le tirisanommogo, lefatshe la Botswana le nnile botlhokwa mo madirelong a diteemane. <ref name=":3" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana .:. Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform |url=https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/memberstates/botswana |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=sustainabledevelopment.un.org}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Partnerships & Commitments, Botswana {{!}} High-Level Political Forum |url=https://hlpf.un.org/countries/botswana/partnerships-commitments |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=hlpf.un.org}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-11 |title=Botswana Has the World's Two Richest Diamond Mines |url=https://en.israelidiamond.co.il/news/mining/worlds-two-richest-mines/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Israeli Diamond Industry |language=en-US}}</ref> === Debswana === [[File:DeBeersBevHills.jpg|thumb|Lebentlele la De Beers kwa Beverly Hills, kwa California.]] Debswana, e e tlhamilweng ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le borobabongwe ke kompone ya meepo e e tlhakanetsweng ke Puso ya Botswana le De Beers Group. <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=Welcome to Debswana |url=https://www.debswana.com/ |access-date=7 May 2024 |website=Debswana}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Debswana Diamond Company {{!}} Mining Indaba |url=https://miningindaba.com/sponsor-list/debswana-diamond-company |access-date=2024-05-06 |website=miningindaba.com |language=en-GB}}</ref> E tsamaisa meepo ya diteemane mo Botswana. <ref name=":5" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Debswana: A Pillar of the Botswana Economy {{!}} Bus Ex |url=https://www.bus-ex.com/article/debswana-pillar-botswana-economy |access-date=2024-05-06 |website=www.bus-ex.com}}</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, Debswana e kopane le dikgogakgogano ka mekgwa ya yone ya go bereka, go ama tikologo, mmogo le matshwenyego a pabalesego ya babereki. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2017-08-31 |title=Debswana Slave Labour Trade |url=https://www.thegazette.news/news/debswana-slave-labour-trade/ |access-date=2024-05-06 |website=Botswana Gazette |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=All Risk and No Reward |url=https://www.cesr.org/sites/default/files/2021/All_Risk_and_No_Reward_-_Botswana_Miners_Right_to_Health_Project_Report_October_2020_0.pdf |website=Center for Economic and Social Rights (CESR) |pages=14-85}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=www.imperial-consultants.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Final-report-Environmental-Impacts-of-Mined-Diamonds.pdf |url=https://www.imperial-consultants.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Final-report-Environmental-Impacts-of-Mined-Diamonds.pdf |website=imperial-consultants.co.uk}}</ref> E tsamaisa meepo e mene e metona ya diteemane mo Botswana, e leng ya [[Moepo wa diteemane wa Jwaneng|Jwaneng]], [[Diteemane tse di epiwang kwa moepong wa Orapa|Orapa]], [[Moepo wa Diteemane wa Letlhakane|Letlhakane]], le Damtshaa, ka jalo Debswana e tsewa e le botlhokwa thata mo tirong ya go ntsha diteemane mo lefatsheng. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2016-10-18 |title=How Diamonds Transformed Botswana & Empower Its Youth |url=https://www.diamondsdogood.com/diamonds-transform-botswana-empower-youth/ |access-date=2024-05-06 |website=Diamonds Do Good |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Diamonds in botswana |url=https://4cs.gia.edu/en-us/blog/botswana-diamonds/ |access-date=2024-05-20}}</ref> == Ditswammung tse dingwe == Lefatshe la Botswana le na le dipolokelo tse dintsi tsa magala, tse di fitlhelwang thata mo kgaolong ya botlhaba jwa lefatshe, sentle sentle kwa masimong a magala a [[Mmamabula]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mmamabula Coal Mine |url=https://www.gem.wiki/Mmamabula_Coal_Mine |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Global Energy Monitor |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Masama Coal Mine |url=https://www.gem.wiki/Masama_Coal_Mine#:~:text=The%20mine%20is%20the%20first,the%20mainstay%20of%20its%20economy. |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Global Energy Monitor |language=en}}</ref> Mo tlhabololong ya meepo ya magala, Morupule Colliery, e dirile gore lefatshe la Botswana le kgone go dirisa metswedi ya lone ya magala go dirisiwa mo gae le go a romela kwa ntle. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Morupule Coal Mine |url=https://www.gem.wiki/Morupule_Coal_Mine |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Global Energy Monitor |language=en}}</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, dikgwetlho di tshwana le matshwenyego ka go ama tikologo di dirile gore kgwebo ya magala le a a romelwang kwa ntle a lekanyediwe gape gantsi go gwebiwa le mafatshe a mabapi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana - Countries & Regions |url=https://www.iea.org/countries/botswana |access-date=2024-05-07 |website=IEA |language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Saubi |first=Onalethata |last2=S Suglo |first2=Raymond |last3=Konka |first3=Bheemalingeswara |date=21 May 2023 |title=Impacts of Fines at Morupule Coal Mine, Botswana |journal=Momona Ethiopian Journal of Science |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=1–16 |doi=10.4314/mejs.v15i1.1 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Dipolokelo tsa gauta tsa lefatshe di bonwa thata mo dikgaolong tsa botlhaba, thata mo mafelong a tshwana le Lebanta la Tati Greenstone . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tati Greenstone Belt Project |url=https://www.powermetalresources.com/project/tati-greenstone-belt-project/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Power Metal Resources plc (AIM:POW) |language=en-US}}</ref> Maiteko a patlisiso a a dirilweng ke dikompone tsa meepo tsa mono gae le tsa boditšhabatšhaba di dirile gore go bonwe dipeeletso tse di botlhokwa tsa gauta . <ref>{{Cite web |last=de Wit |first=Mike C J |title=Prospecting History Leading to the Discovery of Botswana's Diamond Mines: From artefacts to Lesedi La Rona |url=https://ikcabstracts.com/index.php/ikc/article/download/4022/4022/4008# |website=www.ikcabstracts.com}}</ref> Lefatshe la Botswana le na le dipeeletso tse dintsi tsa kopore tse di fitlhelwang thata mo Lebanteng la Kopore la Kalahari. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana and Namibia Exploration |url=https://www.sandfire.com.au/where-we-operate/botswana-and-namibia-exploration/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Sandfire |language=en-AU |archive-date=2024-05-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240502225745/https://www.sandfire.com.au/where-we-operate/botswana-and-namibia-exploration/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Lebanta la Kopore la Kalahari, segolobogolo, ke lefelo le popego ya lone e itsegeng ka go huma dipeeletso tsa kopore. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kalahari Copper Belt Project |url=https://www.kavangoresources.com/projects/botswana/kalahari-copper-belt |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Kavango Resources |language=en-gb}}</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, go atlega ga kgwebo ya meepo ya kopore mo Botswana go laolwa ke mabaka a tshwana le tlhokego mo mmarekeng . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Copper-processing technologies: Growing global copper supply {{!}} McKinsey |url=https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/metals-and-mining/our-insights/bridging-the-copper-supply-gap |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=www.mckinsey.com |archive-date=2024-05-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240502225744/https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/metals-and-mining/our-insights/bridging-the-copper-supply-gap |url-status=dead }}</ref> Meepo ya nikele mo Botswana e itshupa e le lekalana le le golang le le nang le bokgoni jo bogolo jwa kgolo le dipeeletso. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Norilsk Nickel - AGE (African Growing Enterprises) File |url=https://www.ide.go.jp/English/Data/Africa_file/Company/botsuwana01.html |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Institute of Developing Economies |language=en}}</ref> Go bonwa ga dipeeletso tsa nikele kwa dikarolong tse di kwa bokonebotlhaba jwa lefatshe, segolobogolo mo kgaolong ya [[Selebi-Phikwe]], <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Overview |url=https://premiumnickelresources.ca/projects/botswana/selebi-mine/overview/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Premium Nickel Resources Ltd. |language=en |archive-date=2024-05-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240502213539/https://premiumnickelresources.ca/projects/botswana/selebi-mine/overview/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> go simolotse go tlisa tshono e ntsi ya go tsosa itsholelo ka lekalana le. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Selebi Nickel, Copper and Cobalt Project |url=https://eastportventures.com/projects/selebi-nickel-copper-and-cobalt-project/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Eastport Ventures Inc |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-05-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240502213539/https://eastportventures.com/projects/selebi-nickel-copper-and-cobalt-project/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name=":4" /> Tlhabololo ya mafaratlhatlha a meepo ya nikele, jaaka didirisiwa tse di dirang/berekang (yone nikele) le mafaratlhatlha a dipalamo, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thuline |first=John |date=2024-02-06 |title=How Nickel Alloy Is Used in Chemical Processing Plants |url=https://www.wieland-diversified.com/blog/how-nickel-alloy-is-used-in-chemical-processing-plants/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Wieland Diversified |language=en-US}}</ref> e botlhokwa thata mo madirelong a nikele a Botswana. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Goodstein |first=Eban |date=1983 |title=The Prospects for Copper and Copper-Nickel Investments in Botswana during the 1980's |journal=Botswana Notes and Records |volume=15 |pages=75–78 |jstor=40979682}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=State.gov |url=https://www.state.gov/direct-line-for-american-business/critical-minerals-in-botswana/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=New Life in Botswana Nickel? |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200408120744.html |website=allAfrica}}</ref> == Tlhotlheletso ya sepolotiki == === Basarwa === [[File:San_lady_botswana.jpg|thumb|[[Basarwa|Mosadi wa Mosarwa]] mo Botswana]] Mo bokhutlong jwa ngwagakgolo ya bomasome a le mabedi le tshimologo ya ngwagakgolo ya bomasome a mabedi le bongwe (21st century), [[Basarwa]] ba ne ba fudusiwa ka dikgoka go tswa mo magaeng a bone gore dikompone tsa diteemane di simolole go batlisisa gore di kgone go bona diteemane . <ref>{{Cite news|title=Diamond miners exploit land of the Bushmen|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2003/feb/20/rorycarroll|access-date=2024-05-02|language=en-GB}}</ref> Ditsha tsa bone di mo lefelong le le humileng diteemane go gaisa mo lefatsheng lotlhe ka bophara. Le fa go ntse jalo, puso e ganela gore go na le kamano epe le meepo mme e bolela fa go fudusiwa moo go ne go direlwa go somarela diphologolo tsa naga le tikologo. <ref name="bbc1">{{Cite news|date=7 January 2014|title=Botswana bushmen: Modern life is destroying us|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-24821867|access-date=24 July 2016|work=BBC News}}</ref> === Ditlamorago mo tikologong === Ditiro tsa meepo mo Botswana, segolobogolo tsa go epa diteemane, di simolotse matshwenyego ka ga ditlamorago tsa tsone mo tikologong . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana {{!}} Climate Change Adaptation |url=https://www.adaptation-undp.org/explore/africa/botswana |access-date=2024-05-03 |website=www.adaptation-undp.org |language=en}}</ref> [[Phetogo ya Seemo sa Loapi|Phetogo ya loapi]] ke kgang e e masisi mo lefatsheng le le tlhaelang metsi jaaka Botswana. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-01-18 |title=Botswana: Climate risk country profile - Botswana {{!}} ReliefWeb |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/botswana/botswana-climate-risk-country-profile |access-date=2024-05-03 |website=reliefweb.int |language=en}}</ref> Thulaganyo ya meepo, di akaretsa go tlhagola lefatshe, go epa, le go latlha matlakala, di ka baka go senngwa ga mafelo a bonno a diphologolo, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=de Castro Pena |first=João Carlos |last2=Goulart |first2=Fernando |last3=Wilson Fernandes |first3=G. |last4=Hoffmann |first4=Diego |last5=Leite |first5=Felipe S.F. |last6=Britto dos Santos |first6=Natália |last7=Soares-Filho |first7=Britaldo |last8=Sobral-Souza |first8=Thadeu |last9=Humberto Vancine |first9=Maurício |last10=Rodrigues |first10=Marcos |date=July 2017 |title=Impacts of mining activities on the potential geographic distribution of eastern Brazil mountaintop endemic species |journal=Perspectives in Ecology and Conservation |volume=15 |issue=3 |pages=172–178 |doi=10.1016/j.pecon.2017.07.005 |hdl=11449/170082 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> kgothego ya mmu le kgotlelo ya metsi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Environmental Impact of Open-Pit Mining |url=https://jointherivercoalition.org/faq/open-pit-mining-an-environmental-perspective/ |access-date=2024-05-03 |website=Coalition to SAVE the Menominee River, Inc. |language=en-US}}</ref> == Metswedi == n0llf5pwopq78t5e80637ccygs4zw2s 0 14386 53487 53357 2026-07-28T14:37:00Z JudithShe 9421 Ke tsentse difogal tsa mafatshe #Wkipedia25BW 53487 wikitext text/x-wiki Lefatshe la [[Botswana]] le tsaya tirisanommogo mo go tsa itsholelo le polotiki mo borwa jwa [[Aferika|Aforika]] ka tlhwaafalo. Le lekile go dira gore lekgotla la [[Southern African Development Community]] (SADC), le bereke mo go tsa tlhabololo itsholelo, gape le tokafaditse maiteko a go dira gore kgaolo e itirele melao fa go tsena mo go tsa tirisanommogo, go rarabolola tlhoka kutlwisisano, le boteledipele jo bo siameng. == Botsalano jwa polotiki == Mafatshe a a nang le botsalano le la Botswana mo go tsa sepolotiki: {| class="wikitable" |+ ! colspan="3" |[[Setshwantsho:Diplomatic relations of Botswana.svg|center|frameless|350x350px]] |- |# |'''Lefatshe''' |'''Kgwedi'''<ref>[https://digitallibrary.un.org/search?ln=en&as=1&m1=p&p1=Diplomatic%20relations%20between%20Botswana%20and%20...&f1=series&op1=a&m2=a&p2=&f2=&op2=a&m3=a&p3=&f3=&dt=&d1d=&d1m=&d1y=&d2d=&d2m=&d2y=&rm=&sf=year&so=a&rg=50&c=United%20Nations%20Digital%20Library%20System&of=hb&fti=0&fti=0 "Diplomatic relations between Botswana and ..."] United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |1 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the United Kingdom (3-5).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[United Kingdom]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro<ref name=":1">''The Diplomatic Service List''. Great Britain. Diplomatic Service Administration Office. 1970. pp.&nbsp;136–149.</ref> |- |2 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Japan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Japan]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220801145836/https://guardiansun.co.bw/News/botswana-and-japan-celebrate-50-years-of-diplomatic-relations "Botswana And Japan Celebrate 50 Years of Diplomatic Relations".] [[Botswana Guardian|''Botswana Guardian''.]] 5 August 2016. Archived from [https://guardiansun.co.bw/News/botswana-and-japan-celebrate-50-years-of-diplomatic-relations the original] on 1 August 2022. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |3 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[United States of America]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro<ref>[https://history.state.gov/countries/all "All Countries".] ''Office of the Historian''. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |4 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Germany.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Germany]] |Phalane a rogwa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro<ref>[https://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/de/service/laender/botsuana-node/botsuana-219506 "Botsuana: Steckbrief".] ''Auswärtiges Amt'' (in German). Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |5 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Zambia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Zambia]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro<ref name=":0">''Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997''. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999. pp.&nbsp;82–87.</ref> |- |6 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of France.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[France]] |Tlhakole a le malatsi a mabedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le bosupa<ref>[https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr "Liste Chronologique des Ambassadeurs, Envoyés Extraordinaires, Ministres Plénipotentiaires et Chargés D'Affaires de France à L'Étranger Depuis 1945"] (PDF) (in French). p.&nbsp;44.</ref> |- |7 |[[Setshwantsho:War Flag of the Philippines.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Philippines]] |Tlhakole a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>[https://x.com/DFAPHL/status/828400555722756096 "Today we celebrate 50 years of formal diplomatic relations with Botswana!".] 6 February 2017. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |8 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Israel.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Israel]] |Motsheganong a le masome mabedi le bone ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>[https://www.sundaystandard.info/outspoken-botswana-loses-its-voice-on-israel/ "Outspoken Botswana loses its voice on Israel".] ''Sunday Standard''. 3 November 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20231103014414/https://www.sundaystandard.info/outspoken-botswana-loses-its-voice-on-israel/ Archived] from the original on 3 November 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |9 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Malawi.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Malawi]] |Phukwi a rogwa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>''Report''. Malawi. Police Force. 1968. p.&nbsp;2.</ref> |- |10 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the Netherlands.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Netherlands]] |Phatwe a le lesome, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>''Jaarboek van het Departement van Buitenlandse Zaken Volumes 86-90'' (in Dutch). Netherlands. Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken. 1967. p.&nbsp;152.</ref> |- |11 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Switzerland.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Switzerland]] |Phatwe a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>[https://dodis.ch/32532 "Ernennung eines schweizerischen Botschafters in Botswana und Lesotho. Sitz in Pretoria".] ''dodis.ch'' (in German). 22 August 1967. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |12 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Ethiopia (1996–2009).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Ethiopia]] |Phalane a le lesome le borobabongwe ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le bosupa<ref name=":0" /> |- |13 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Kenya.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Kenya]] |Phalane a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a le marataro le bosupa<ref name=":0" /> |- |14 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Norway.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Norway]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robbaongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>[https://www.regjeringen.no/globalassets/departementene/ud/vedlegg/protokoll/diplomatiske_forbindelser.pdf "Norges opprettelse af diplomatiske forbindelser med fremmede stater"] (PDF). ''regjeringen.no'' (in Norwegian). 27 April 1999. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |15 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Sweden.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Sweden]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marararo le borobabobedi.<ref>[https://gupea.ub.gu.se/bitstreams/c2f5a602-de12-4d98-b2c4-11de6ac633b9/download "Sveriges statskalender 1969"] (in Swedish). p.&nbsp;46. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |16 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of South Korea.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[South Korea]] |Moranang a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabobedi<ref>[https://www.mofa.go.kr/eng/nation/m_4902/list.do "Countries & Regions"]. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |17 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Austria.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Austria]] |Morule a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabobedi<ref>''Standard Encyclopaedia of Southern Africa, Capetown Volume 2''. 1970. p.&nbsp;458. <q>Austrian Ambassador , Paul Zedwitz , presenting his credentials to Sir Seretse Khama , 5 Dec. 1968 . at Gaberones</q></ref><ref>''Diplomatic, Consular and International Organisations List''. Republic of Botswana. 1971. p.&nbsp;1. <q>5.12.68 His Excellency Dr. Paul Zedtwitz, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Republic of Austria (Resident in Pretoria).</q></ref> |- |18 | [[Setshwantsho:Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Canada]] |Morule a le lesome le borobabongwe ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabobedi<ref>Linwood, DeLong (January 2020). [https://www.cgai.ca/a_guide_to_canadian_diplomatic_relations_1925_2019 "A Guide to Canadian Diplomatic Relations 1925-2019".] Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |19 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Nigeria.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Nigeria]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le bone ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref>''Kutlwano, 9-10''. Bechuanaland Protectorate. Information Branch, Botswana. Information Services. 1974. p.&nbsp;4.</ref> |- |20 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the Czech Republic.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Czech Republic]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a mabedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref name=":0" /> |- |21 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Russia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Russia]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref>''Africa Quarterly''. Vol.&nbsp;10. Indian Centre for Africa. 1970. p.&nbsp;37.</ref> |- |22 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Denmark.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Denmark]] |Motsheganong a le lesome le bobedi ngwaga wa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref>''[https://slaegtsbibliotek.dk/910992.pdf Kongelig Dansk Hof- og Statskalender 1971]'' (PDF) (in Danish). 1971. p.&nbsp;23.</ref> |- |23 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Serbia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Serbia]] |Lwetse a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref>Presse, Agence France (1970). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=Muo0AQAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y Africa]''. Agence France-Presse. p.&nbsp;32.</ref> |- |24 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Italy.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Italia]] |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/281137451918748/photos/a.292204164145410/1151053924927092/?type=3&_rdr "Dr. Filippo Scammacca Del Murgo e Dell Agnone presented his credentials to Dr. Sertese Khama Ian Khama".] ''Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Botswana in Facebook''. 16 March 2016. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |25 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Romania.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Romania]] |Phalane a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le motso<ref>[https://www.mae.ro/en/node/2187 "Diplomatic Relations of Romania".] Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |26 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Belgium (civil).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Belgium]] |Ngwanatsele a le malatsi a robabongwe, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le motso<ref>''Diplomatic, Consular and International Organisations List''. Republic of Botswana. 1971. p.&nbsp;2.</ref> |- |27 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Tanzania.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Tanzania]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bobedi |- |28 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of India.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[India]] |Morule a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bobedi<ref>''Asia & Africa Review''. Vol.&nbsp;12. Independent Publishing Company. 1972. p.&nbsp;15.</ref> |- |29 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Egypt.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Egypt]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a supa, masome a supa le boraro<ref>''ARR, Arab Report and Record''. Vol.&nbsp;1–18, 21–24. 1973. p.&nbsp;7.</ref> |- |30 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Lesotho.svg|frameless|30x30px]][[Lesotho]] |Moranang ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le boraro<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230623071827/https://istmat.org/files/uploads/55959/003_zarubezhnye_strany.pdf "Ежегодник Большой Советской Энциклопедии. 1974. Выпуск восемнадцатый: Зарубежные страны"] (PDF) (in Russian). p.&nbsp;322. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 June 2023. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |31 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Australia (converted).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Australia]] |Phukwi a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le boraro<ref>''Facts and Figures of Australia at War''. Vol.&nbsp;119. Australian News and Information Bureau, Department of the Interior. 1973. p.&nbsp;95.</ref> |- |32 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of North Korea (March 2026-).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[North Korea]] (e seegetswe kwa thoko ka nakwana) |Morule a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bone<ref>[https://ghostarchive.org/archive/2rX2V "DPRK Diplomatic Relations"] (PDF). NCNK. 2016. pp.&nbsp;8–9. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |33 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[China]] |Firikgong a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le botlhano<ref>[https://www.mfa.gov.cn/web/system/index_17321.shtml "Joint Communique Regarding the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations Between the People's Republic of China and the Republic of Botswana".] 25 April 2002. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |34 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Ghana.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Ghana]] |Phalane a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le botlhano<ref>[https://gna.org.gh/2025/05/botswana-delegation-visits-ghana-to-study-transformative-tvet-framework-and-policies/ "Botswana Delegation Visits Ghana to Study Transformative TVET Framework and Policies".] 11 May 2025. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |35 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Guyana.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Guyana]] |Phalane a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le botlhano<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20191224073504/http://www.minfor.gov.gy/diplomatic-relations/ "Diplomatic relations".] Archived from the original on 24 December 2019. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |36 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Mexico.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Mexico]] |Morule a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le botlhano<ref>''Informe de labores – Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores'' (in Spanish). Mexico. Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores. 1976. pp.&nbsp;26 and 36–37.</ref> |- |37 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Mozambique.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Mozambique]] |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le botlhano<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/281137451918748/photos/the-high-commissioner-of-mozambique-his-excellency-domingos-fernades-presenting-/1125072150858603/ "The High Commissioner of Mozambique, His Excellency Domingos Fernades presenting his Letters of Credence to the President of Botswana, His Excellency Lt. Gen. Dr. Seretse Khama Ian Khama, on 2 February 2016"]. 4 February 2016. Retrieved 14 July 2026&#x2013; via Facebook.</ref> |- |38 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Eswatini.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Eswatini]] |Motsheganong a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le borataro<ref>''Directory of the Diplomatic Corps and International Organizations''. Botswana, Botswana. Office of the President. External Affairs. 1978. p.&nbsp;3.</ref> |- |39 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Libya.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Libya]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le bosupa<ref>''ARR: Arab Report and Record''. Economic Features, Limited. 1977. p.&nbsp;165.</ref> |- |40 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Luxembourg.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Luxemborg|Luxembourg]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bosupa<ref>[https://aei.pitt.edu/52731/1/B0795.pdf "CORPS DIPLOMATIQUE accrédité auprès des Communautés européennes"] (PDF) (in French). 30 September 1977. pp.&nbsp;1, 29. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref><ref>[[iarchive:in.ernet.dli.2015.146909/page/n926/mode/1up|''The Europa Year Book 1978 A World Survey Vol.-i''. Europa]] Publication Limited. 1978.</ref> |- |41 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Cuba.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Cuba]] |Morule a robabongwe ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le bosupa<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220707064931/https://www.minrex.gob.cu/es/node/1944 "Firman Cuba y Botswana acuerdo de cooperación en sector de Salud"] (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |42 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Argentina.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Argentina]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabobedi |- |43 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Greece (1970–1975).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Greece]] |Moranang a le lesome ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le borobabobedi |- |44 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Finland.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Finland]] |Phukwi a rogwa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabobedi<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180330044440/http://formin.finland.fi/Public/default.aspx?nodeid=17195&contentlan=2&culture=en-US "Countries and regions A–Z"]. Archived from the original on 30 March 2018. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |45 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Poland.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Poland]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabobedi |- |46 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Algeria.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Algeria]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabongwe<ref>Slimane Chikh (1980). ''Le Maghreb et l'Afrique subsaharienne'' (in French). Editions du Centre national de la recherche scientifique. p.&nbsp;10. <q>Botswana (30/11/79) Mohamed Chellali Khouri</q></ref> |- |47 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Angola.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Angola]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi<ref>''Sub-Saharan Africa Report Issues 2243-2247''. United States. Foreign Broadcast Information Service. 1980. p.&nbsp;7. <q>7 Mar 80 ] ANGOLA - BOTSWANA DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS -- The governments of Botswana and Angola have decided to establish diplomatic relations .</q></ref> |- |48 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Portugal (official).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Portugal]] |Moranang a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi<ref>[https://portaldiplomatico.mne.gov.pt/relacoesbilaterais/paises "Países".] ''Portal Diplomático'' (in Portuguese). Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |49 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Hungary.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Hungary]] |Moranang a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi<ref>''Hungary – Page 170''. Pannonia Press, 1980</ref> |- |50 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Turkey.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Turkey]] |Firikgong a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le motso |- |51 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Spain (1785–1873, 1875–1931).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Spain]] |Moranang a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe ngwaga wa Sekete makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le motso<ref>[https://www.exteriores.gob.es/es/Comunicacion/Paginas/Ficha.aspx "Ficha de paises y territorios"] (in Spanish). Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |52 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Jamaica.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Jamaica]] |Motsheganong a le malatsi a mane ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le bobedi |- |53 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Bulgaria.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Bulgaria]] |Phatwe a le lesome le borataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le bobedi<ref>''Keesing's Contemporary Archives – Page 32055''. Keesing's Limited., 1983.</ref> |- |54 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Albania.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Albania]] |Phatwe a le masome a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le bobedi<ref>''Keesing's Contemporary Archives – Page 32055''. Keesing's Limited., 1983.</ref> |- |55 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Zimbabwe.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Zimbabwe]] |Motsheganong a le masome mararo le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robaongwe, masome a robabobedi le boraro<ref>''Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997''. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999. p.&nbsp;103</ref> |- |56 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Bangladesh.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Bangladesh]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le boraro<ref>''News Review on South Asia and Indian Ocean''. Institute for Defence Studies & Analyses., 1983. p.&nbsp;442.</ref> |- |57 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Brazil.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Brazil]] |Lwetse a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le botlhano |- |58 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Thailand.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Thailand]] |Ngwanatsele e a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le botlhano<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240816013201/https://www.mfa.go.th/th/content-category/5d5bcb4e15e39c3060006875 "อเมริกาและแปซิฟิก"] (in Thai). Archived from [https://www.mfa.go.th/th/content-category/5d5bcb4e15e39c3060006875 the original] on 16 August 2024. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |59 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Iraq (2008).png|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Iraq]] |Phukwi a le lesome ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borataro<ref>''[https://archive.org/details/jprs-report_jprs-ssa-86-086/page/n13/mode/1up?q=credentials Sub-Saharan Africa Report]''. United States Joint Publications Research Service. 18 August 1986. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |60 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Pakistan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Pakistan]] |Phatwe a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borataro<ref>''Pakistan Horizon – Volume 39''. Pakistan Institute of International Affairs. 1986. p.&nbsp;108.</ref> |- |61 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of New Zealand.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[New Zealand]] |ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le bosupa<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090122004704/http://www.mfat.govt.nz/Embassies/3-NZ-Ambassadors/countries-b.php "New Zealand Heads of Overseas Missions – B".] ''mfat.govt.nz''. Archived from the original on 22 January 2009.</ref> |- |62 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Seychelles.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Seychelles]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi |- |63 |[[Setshwantsho:State flag of Iran (1964–1980).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Iran]] |Lwetse ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi<ref>''Directory of Iranian Officials''. 1991. p.&nbsp;69.</ref> |- |64 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Vanuatu (official).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Vanuatu]] |Ngwanatsele a rogwa, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240925183844/https://mfaicet.gov.vu/images/documents/VANUATU_NATIONAL_FOREIGN_POLICY.pdf "Vanuatu Diplomatic Relations"] (PDF). ''mfaicet.gov.vu''. p.&nbsp;50. Archived from [https://mfaicet.gov.vu/images/documents/VANUATU_NATIONAL_FOREIGN_POLICY.pdf the original] (PDF) on 25 September 2024. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |65 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Uganda.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Uganda]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a robabongwe, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe<ref name=":3">''Diplomatic List 1995''. Botswana, Botswana. Department of Foreign Affairs. 1995. pp.&nbsp;xiii.</ref> |- |66 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Gran Colombia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Colombia]] |Moranang a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe |- |67 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Somalia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Somalia]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe<ref name=":3" /> |- |68 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Iceland.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Iceland]] |Moranang a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe<ref>Thorsteinsson, Pétur J. (1992). ''Utanríkisþjónusta Íslands og utanríkismál: sögulegt yfirlit'' (in Icelandic). pp.&nbsp;1065–1066.</ref> |- |69 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Namibia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Namibia]] |Phukwi a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe<ref>Mushelenga, Samuel Abraham Peyavali (2008). [https://uir.unisa.ac.za/service-interruption.html?sequence=4&isAllowed=y "Foreign policy-making in Namibia : the dynamics of the smallness of a state"] (PDF). pp.&nbsp;254–259.</ref> |- |70 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Malaysia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Malaysia]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe<ref>[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=oVrVK2ElINMC&dq=26+Nov.+1990+Diplomatic+relations+are+established+with+Malaysia&pg=PA108&redir_esc=y ''Southern African Political History A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997''.] Greenwood Press. 1999. p.&nbsp;108. ISBN&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780313302473|<bdi>9780313302473</bdi>.]] Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |71 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Tunisia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Tunisia]] |Ngwanatsele a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bobedi |- |72 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Singapore.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Singapore]] |Phatwe a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le boraro<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230314222839/https://www.mfa.gov.sg/Overseas-Missions/-/media/D74B3129AEFA44BB8FC411746F005489.ashx "Diplomatic & consular list".] ''Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Singapore''. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |73 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of South Africa.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Aforika Borwa]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bone<ref>[https://omalley.nelsonmandela.org/index.php/site/q/03lv02167/04lv02168/05lv02169.htm "1994".] ''The O’Malley archive''. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |74 |[[Setshwantsho:Kuwait flag 300.png|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Kuwait]] |Seetebosigo a le lesome ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le borataro<ref>''Daily Report: Africa (Sub-Sahara)''. Vol.&nbsp;96. Foreign Broadcast Information Service. 1996. <q>Botswana: Diplomatic Relations With Kuwait Established</q></ref> |- |75 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Ireland.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Ireland]] |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le borataro<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/281137451918748/photos/the-minister-of-international-affairs-and-cooperation-speaks-with-the-irish-mini/3338393609526435/ "The Minister of International Affairs And Cooperation Speaks with the Irish Minister of Foreign Affairs And Trade".] 1 June 2020. Retrieved 15 July 2026 &#x2013; via Facebook.</ref> |- |76 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Chile.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Chile]] |Phalane a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bosupa<ref>"Reseña histórica de la presencia chilena en África" (in Spanish). p.&nbsp;6. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |77 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Trinidad and Tobago]] |Motsheganong a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi |- |78 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Slovakia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Slovakia]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe, ngwaga wa dikete pedi le motso<ref>[https://www.mzv.sk/staty "Štáty a teritóriá"] (in Slovak). Retrieved 16 July 2026</ref> |- |79 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Mauritius.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Mauritius]] |Moranang a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bobedi<ref>''Diplomatic List''. Botswana. Department of Foreign Affairs. 2003. p.&nbsp;111.</ref> |- |80 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Latvia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Latvia]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le boraro<ref>[https://www.mfa.gov.lv/en/dates-establishment-and-renewal-diplomatic-relations "Dates of establishment and renewal of diplomatic relations".] ''mfa.gov.lv''. 1 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |81 |[[Estonia]] |Seetebosigo a le malatsi a mararo ngwaga wa dikete pedi le boraro<ref>[https://www.vm.ee/suhted-teiste-riikide-ja-organisatsioonidega/suhted-teiste-riikidega/diplomaatiliste-suhete "Diplomaatiliste suhete (taas)kehtestamise kronoloogia"] (in Estonian). 30 January 2018. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |82 |[[Lithuania]] |Tlhakole a le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bone<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220110123939/https://jp.mfa.lt/default/en/list-of-countries-with-which-lithuania-has-established-diplomatic-relations "List of countries with which Lithuania has established diplomatic relations".] Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |83 |[[Ukraine]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a mane ngwaga dikete pedi le bone<ref>[https://mfa.gov.ua/en/about-ukraine/bilateral-cooperation/middle-east-and-africa "Middle East and Africa". ''M'']''inistry of Foreign Affairs''. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |84 |[[Rwanda]] |Lwetse, ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bone<ref>[https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/81051 "Rwanda Botswana relations symbiotic".] 11 August 2024. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |85 |[[Malta]] |Firikgong a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20211224125943/https://foreignandeu.gov.mt/en/Treaties%20Series/Pages/Treaties%20Documents/Botswana---Agreement-on-the-establishment-of-Diplomatic-Relations-between-the-Republic-of-Malta-and-the-Republic-of-Botswan.aspx "Botswana – Agreement on the establishment of Diplomatic Relations between the Republic of Malta and the Republic of Botswana".] Archived from [https://foreign.gov.mt/ the original] on 24 December 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |86 |[[Cyprus]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano |- |87 |[[Morocco]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano |- |88 |[[Slovenia]] |Phukwi a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano |- |89 |[[Madagascar]] |Phatwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170220194957/https://newsmada.com/2017/02/15/cooperation-le-botswana-sinteresse-a-la-grande-ile "Coopération : le Botswana s'intéresse à la Grande île".] ''newsmada.com'' (in French). 15 February 2017. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20170220194957/https://newsmada.com/2017/02/15/cooperation-le-botswana-sinteresse-a-la-grande-ile the original] on 20 February 2017. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |90 |[[Croatia]] |Lwetse a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano<ref>[https://mvep.gov.hr/foreign-policy/bilateral-relations/date-of-recognition-and-establishment-od-diplomatic-relations/22800 "Bilateral relations – Date of Recognition and Establishment of Diplomatic Relations"]. ''Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Croatia''. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |91 |[[Belarus]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro |- |92 |[[United Arab Emirates]] |Moranang a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga w dikete pedi le borataro<ref>[https://www.wam.ae/en/details/1395227642979 "UAE and Botswana establish diplomatic relations".] 29 April 2006.</ref> |- |93 |[[Bahamas]] |Motsheganong ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro<ref>[http://www.bahamasuncensored.com/ConsCorpsXmas06_MFA.html "Mitchell addresses Diplomats Christmas Luncheon".] 13 December 2006. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |94 |[[Dominican Republic]] |Phalane a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20171004004739/http://enlacecongreso.mirex.gob.do/ecc/Lists/Establecimiento%20de%20Relaciones%20Diplomticas/AllItems.aspx "Establecimiento De Relaciones Diplomáticas"] (in Spanish). Archived from [http://enlacecongreso.mirex.gob.do/ecc/Lists/Establecimiento%20de%20Relaciones%20Diplomticas/AllItems.aspx the original] on 4 October 2017. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |95 |[[Republic of the Congo]] |Ngwanatsele a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro |- |96 |[[Qatar]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro |- |97 |[[Equatorial Guinea]] |Morule a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro<ref>[https://minexteriores.gob.gq/wp-content/uploads/ACUERDOS-GUINEA-ECUATORIAL-BOTSUANA.pdf "Acuerdos Firmados Entre Guinea Euatorial Y Botswana"] (PDF) (in Spanish). Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |98 |[[Barbados]] |Morule a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro |- |99 |[[Gabon]] |Morule a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro |- |100 |[[Niger]] |Morule a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro |- |101 |[[Sudan]] |Firikgong a le lesome ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |102 |[[Burkina Faso]] |Firikgong a le lesome le bobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |103 |[[Benin]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |104 |[[Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |105 |[[Saudi Arabia]] |Mopitlo a rogwa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230817201141/https://sp.spa.gov.sa/viewfullstory.php?lang=en&newsid=429339 "Saudi Arabia, Botswana Establish Diplomatic Relations".] 1 March 2007. Archived from [https://sp.spa.gov.sa/viewfullstory.php?lang=en&newsid=429339 the original] on 17 August 2023. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |106 |[[Burundi]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |107 |[[Djibouti]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130818144121/http://www.djibdiplomatie.dj/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=439&Itemid=17 "Etat des relations".] ''Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres et de la Cooperation Internationale Djibouti'' (in French). Archived from [http://www.djibdiplomatie.dj/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=439&Itemid=17 the original] on 18 August 2013. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |108 |[[Guinea]] |Moranang a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |109 |[[Uruguay]] |Motsheganong a le malatsi a mane ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa<ref>''Keesing's Contemporary Archives – Page 32055''. Keesing's Limited., 1983.</ref> |- |110 |[[Guatemala]] |Motsheganong a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |111 |[[Mauritania]] |Motsheganong a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |112 |[[Ecuador]] |Seetebosigo a le malatsi a mane ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |113 |[[Mali]] |Seetebosigo a le malatis a matlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |114 |[[Ivory Coast]] |Seetebosigo a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |115 |[[Venezuela]] |Phukwi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |116 |[[Paraguay]] |Phukwi a le lesome le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |117 |[[Honduras]] |Phukwi a le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |118 |[[Dominica]] |Phukwi a le masome mabedi le boraro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |119 |[[Nicaragua]] |Phatwe a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |120 |[[Costa Rica]] |Lwetse a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa<ref>[https://x.com/CRcancilleria/status/1304499050432135172 "Celebramos 13 años de relaciones diplomáticas con la República de Botsuana y Costa rica"] (in Spanish). 11 September 2020.</ref> |- |121 |[[Antigua and Barbuda]] |Morule a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |122 |[[Suriname]] |Morule a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |123 |[[Belize]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabobedi<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20161222155933/http://www.mofaic.gov.bw/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=134:bilateral-relations-b&catid=2&Itemid=43 "Bilateral Relations: B".] Botswana: Ministry of Foreign Affairs & International Cooperation. Archived from [http://www.mofaic.gov.bw/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=134:bilateral-relations-b&catid=2&Itemid=43 the original] on 22 December 2016. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |124 |[[Bosnia and Herzegovina]] |Lwetse a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabobedi |- |125 |[[Sri Lanka]] |Phalane a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabobedi |- |126 |[[Holy See]] |Ngwanatsele a le malatsi a mane ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabobedi<ref>[https://holyseemission.org/contents/mission/diplomatic-relations-of-the-holy-see.php "Diplomatic relations of the Holy See"]. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |127 |[[Nepal]] |Firikgong a le malatsi a robabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe |- |128 |[[Vietnam]] |Tlhakole a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe |- |129 |[[Saint Kitts and nevis]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe |- |130 |[[North Macedonia]] |Lwetse a le malatsi a mane ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe |- |131 |[[Panama]] |Morule a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe |- |132 |[[Georgia]] |Firikgong a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |133 |[[Samoa]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |134 |[[Guinea-Bissau]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |135 |[[Montenegro]] |Phukwi a le lesome le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |136 |[[Liberia]] |Lwetse a le masome mabedi le motso ngwagawa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |137 |[[Solomon Islands]] |Ngwanatsele a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |138 |[[Papua New Guinea]] |Ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |139 |[[Monaco]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le motso |- |140 |[[Fiji]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le motso |- |141 |[[South Sudan]] |Phukwi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le motso |- |142 |[[Indonesia]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bobedi |- |143 |[[Chad]] |Tlhakole a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le botlhano |- |144 |[[Sierra Leone]] |Tlhakole a le leome le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le botlhano |- |145 |[[Senegal]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le botlhano |- |146 |[[State of Palestine]] |Mopitlo a robabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bosupa |- |147 |[[Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic]] |Motsheganong a le masome mararo le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le borobabobedi |- |148 |[[Comoros]] |Lwetse a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabobedi |- |149 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Togo (3-2).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Togo]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le motso |- |150 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the Central African Republic.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Central African Republic]] |Phalane a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le motso<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/lepotentielcentrafricain/posts/2944388082541603/?locale=hi_IN&_rdr "L'ambassadeur Nzapayeke est accredite aupres de la Republique du Botswana".] ''Le Potentiel Centrafricain.com'' (in French). Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |151 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] |Tlhakole a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/BWPresidency/videos/arrival-of-ambassador-designate-mrs-emillie-a-mushobekwa-of-the-democratic-repub/525396969660843/ "Arrival of Ambassador Designate Mrs Emillie A. Mushobekwa of the Democratic Republic of Congo, for Presentation of Letters of Credence at the Office of The President, Gaborone".] 9 February 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2026 &#x2013; via Facebook.</ref> |- |152 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Mongolia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Mongolia]] |Morule a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro |- |153 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Saint Lucia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Saint Lucia]] |Morule a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro |- |154 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Tajikistan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Tajikistan]] |Morule a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro |- |155 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Laos.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Laos]] |Morule a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro |- |156 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Maldives.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Maldives]] |Morule a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro |- |157 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Armenia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Armenia]] |Morule a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro<ref>[https://armenpress.am/en/article/1126252 "Diplomatic relations established between Armenia and Botswana".] ''[[:en:Armenpress|Armenpress]]''. 14 December 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |158 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of The Gambia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[The Gambia]] |Tlhakole a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le bone<ref>[https://www.instagram.com/bwpresidency/p/C3S5SkFNZDZ/?img_index=1 "President Masisi recieves &#x5B;sic&#x5D; letters of credence from ambassador designates".] ''bwpresidency''. 13 February 2024. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |159 |[[Setshwantsho:Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Bolivia]] |Phatwe a rogwa ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le bone |- |160 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Turkey.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Uzbekistan]] |Lwetse a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le bone<ref>[https://www.tengritimes.com/en/post/uzbekistan-establishes-diplomatic-relations-with-another-african-country-botswana "Uzbekistan establishes diplomatic relations with another African country - Botswana".] ''Times Tenrgi''. 26 September 2024. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |161 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Liechtenstein.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Liechtenstein]] |Ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le bone<ref>[https://www.llv.li/serviceportal2/amtsstellen/stabstelle-regierungskanzlei/rechenschaftsbericht-2024.pdf "Landtag, Regierung und Gerichte 2024"] (PDF) (in German). 2025. p.&nbsp;153.</ref> |- |162 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Kyrgyzstan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Kyrgyzstan]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le botlhano<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=1063928925778499&id=100064842032316&_rdr "Botswana and Kyrgyz Republic establish diplomatic relations".] ''Ministry of International Relations, Botswana on Facebook''. 5 March 2025. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |163 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Oman.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Oman]] |Phalane a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le botlhano |- |164 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Turkmenistan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Turkmenistan]] |Phalane a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le botlhano |- |165 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Kazakhstan]] |Phalane a le masome mararo ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome mabedi le botlhano |- |166 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Azerbaijan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Azerbaijan]] |Ngwanatsele a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le botlhano |- |167 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Cape Verde (10-17).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Cape Verde]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome mabedi le borataro<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/Presidencia.cv/posts/pfbid02pbCw2AhzDQwXmCuRaA6VwH5s23rDvgJ2B25jsnAdgBrWz7T1QYTJvxUVS3xvnjKyl "PR recebe Cartas Credenciais da nova Embaixadora de Botswana".] ''Presidência da República de Cabo Verde'' (in Portuguese). 25 February 2026. Retrieved 13 July 2026.</ref> |- |168 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of El Salvador.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[El Salvador]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le borataro |- |169 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Moldova.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Moldova]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le borataro |- |170 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Bahrain.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Bahrain]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mararo ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le borataro<ref>[https://www.bna.bh/en/BahrainBotswanaestablishdiplomaticrelations.aspx?cms=q8FmFJgiscL2fwIzON1%2bDpZCGkNlmsjjveUvx%2fDgvs4%3d "Bahrain, Botswana establish diplomatic relations".] ''Bahrain News Agency''. 30 June 2026. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |} == Botsalano gareng ga mafatshe a mabedi == {| class="wikitable" |+ !Lefatshe !Tshimologo ya botsalano !Dintlha |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Australia (converted).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Australia]] |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le boraro | *Lefatshe la [[Australia]] le amogetswe ke la Botswana go tswa kwa ofising ya boemedi kwa [[Pretoria (Pitori)]], [[Aforika Borwa]], ka |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[China]] |Firikgong a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le botlhano |Mafatshe a mabedi a dirile botsalano ka Firikgong a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le botlhano<ref>[https://www.mfa.gov.cn/ "Joint Communique Regarding the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations Between the People's Republic of China and the Republic of Botswana (MFA People's Republic of China)".]</ref> Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le China]] * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Beijing * Lefatshe la China le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Greece (1970–1975).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Greece]] |Moranang a le lesome ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabobedi |Mafatshe o o mabedi a dirile botsalano ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabobedi kgwedi ya Moranang e le lesome<ref>[https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1486125?ln=en "Diplomatic relations between Greece and Botswana as of 10 Apr. 1978 (UN Digital Library)".] 10 April 1978.</ref> * Lefatshe la Botswana le dumeletswe ke la Greece go dirisa diofisi kgolo tsa kemedi ya sennela ruri kwa Geneva, Switzerland * Lefatshe la Greece le dumeletswe ke la Botswana go dirisa diofisi tsa kemedi kwa Pretoria, Aforika Borwa.<ref>[https://www.mfa.gr/en/bilateral-relations/botswana/ "Greece's Bilateral Relations".]</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of India.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[India]] |Firkgong a le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa sekete, amkgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bobedi |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le India]] * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa [[New Dehli]] * Lefatshe la India le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Indonesia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Indonesia]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bobedi |Mafatshe a ka bobedi a tlhamile botsalano ka Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borobaobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bobedi * Leaftshe la Botswana le dumeletswe ke la Indonesia go dirisia diofisi tse di kwa Canberra, Australia<ref>[https://kemlu.go.id/portal/en/kedutaan "Missions &#x7C; Portal Kementerian Luar Negeri Republik Indonesia".]</ref> * Lefatshe al Indonesia le dumeletswe ke la Botswana go dirisa ofisi ya lne e e kwa Pretoria, Aforika Borwa<ref>[https://kemlu.go.id/portal/en/kedutaan "Missions &#x7C; Portal Kementerian Luar Negeri Republik Indonesia".]</ref><ref>[https://kemlu.go.id/pretoria/en "Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia Pretoria Accredited to the Republic of Botswana, Kingdom of Eswatini, and the Kingdom of Lesotho South Africa"].</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Israel.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Israel]] | |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le Israel]] * Lefatshe la Botswana le dumeletswe ke la Israel go nna le diofisi kwa London, United Kingdom * Lefatshe la Israel le dumeletswe ke la Botswana go dirisa diofisi tsa lone kwa Pretoria, Aforika Borwa |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Kenya.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Kenya]] |Phalane a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe,masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>''Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997''. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999. p.&nbsp;83.</ref> |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le Kenya]] * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya moemedi kwa [[Nairobi]] * Lefatshe la Kenya le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Mexico.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Mexico]] |Morule a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le botlhano |Mafatshe o o mabedi a dirile botsalano jwa polotiki ka Morule a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le botlhano.<ref>[https://centrogilbertobosques.senado.gob.mx/docs/NI_Nombramientos_Senado_270218.pdf "Nombramientos Diplomáticos De Reciente Ingreso Al Senado De La Republica En Africa,el Caribe Y Europa Page 8]" (PDF). [https://ghostarchive.org/archive/DgAjG Archived] (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.</ref> * Lefatshe la Botswana le dumeletswe ke la Mexico kwa ofising ya lone kwa Washinton D.C kwa United States le na le ofisi kwa toropo ya Mexico City<ref>[https://www.botswanaembassy.org/ "Welcome to Embassy of the Republic of Botswana in Washington, D.C. | Embassy of the Republic of Botswana in Washington, D.C."] ''botswanaembassy.org''. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> * Lefatshe la Botswana le dumeletswe ke ofisi ya lone kwa Pretoria Aforika Borwa.<ref>[https://embamex.sre.gob.mx/sudafrica/ "Inicio".] ''embamex.sre.gob.mx''. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Namibia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Namibia]] |Lwetse a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le Namibia]] Botsalano jwa Botswana le Namibia ke jwa kutlwano, mafatshe a mabedi a a mabapi a, a dirisana mo go tsa tlhabololo itsholelo. Lefatshe la Botswana le tsere boipuso go tswa mo go la Britain ka Lwetse ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro. Lefatshe la Namibia le stere boipuso mo go la Aforika Borwa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe morago ga ntwa ya molelwane ya Aforika Borwa. * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa [[Windhoek]] * Lefatshe la Namibia le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of North Korea (March 2026-).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[North Korea]] |Morule a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bone, <ref>[https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.ncnk.org/sites/default/files/issue-briefs/DPRK_Diplo_Relations_August2016.pdf "DPRK Diplomatic Relations"] (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.</ref> mme ga emisiwa ka Tlhakole a le lesome le borobabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bone<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=586061304809865&id=148228411926492 "Botswana Severs Ties With Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea)"] &#x2013; via Facebook.</ref> |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le North Korea]] |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Oman.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Oman]] |Phalane a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le botlhano |Bona Botsalano jwa Botswana le Oman Mafatshe a mabedi a dirile botsalano ka Phalane a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le botlhano.<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/MinistryofInternationalAffairsBW/posts/botswana-establishes-diplomatic-relations-with-the-sultanate-of-oman-on-14th-oct/1246185160886207/ "Botswana establishes diplomatic relations with the Sultanate of Oman"]. ''Ministry of International Relations, Botswana''. 16 October 2025. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> * Ka Moranang a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le borataro, tautona [[Duma Boko]] o ne a sireletsa ditumalano le Oman tsa go sekaseka ditswammung, dikago tsa go baya lookwane, le kgothetso.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/climate-energy/botswana-signs-energy-mineral-exploration-deals-with-oman-2026-04-13/ "Botswana signs energy and mineral exploration deals with Oman"]. ''Reuters''. 13 April 2026. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> * Lefatshe la Botswana le itsisitse ka maano a lone a go bula ofisi ya boemedi kwa Muscat.<ref>[https://www.fm.gov.om/en/42099/ "Botswana confirms plans to open an embassy in Muscat".] ''Foreign Ministry of Oman''. 13 April 2026. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Russia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Russia]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, le masome a supa |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le Russia]] Lefatshe la Botswana le Soviet Union a ne a tlhama botsalano jwa sepolotiki ka Mopitlo a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, le masome a supa. Le ntswa le utlwana le mafatshe a bophirima, lefatshe la Botswana le ne la tsaya karolo mo metshamekong ya Olympics ya selemo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi. Botsalano jwa gompieno gareng ga mafatshe a mabedi bo supiwa bo le lorato ebile bo tswa bogologolong. Ka Mopitlo, mafatshe a mabedi a ne a ipelela dingwaga di le masome a mararo le botlhano a ntse a utlwana. Go ya ka tona wa mafatshe a sele, lefatshe la Russia ke lengwe la mafatshe a ntlha go nna le botsalano jo bo tletseng jwa sepolotiki le Botswana.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170202131955/http://www.botswana.mid.ru/articles_relations_e_09.html "We Must Exploit Russia's Potential".] Archived from [http://www.botswana.mid.ru/articles_relations_e_09.html the original] on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> Tirisanommogo ya kgwebo le itsholelo gareng ga mafatshe a Russia le Botswana e supiwa ke tumalano ya kgwebo ya ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bosupa le tumalano ya itsholelo le setegeniki ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi. Puso ya Russian Federation le puso ya Botswana di ne tsa baya monwana tumalano ya ngwao, maranyane le thuto ka Lwetse ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe. Mafatshe a Russia le Botswana a nnile le tirisanommogo e e duleng maduo mo dikarolong tse di farologaneng, bogolojang mo go tlhabololeng babereki. Lefatshe la Russia le santse le e fa Batswana sebaka sa go ithutela kwa lefatsheng la bone mo dikarolong tsa botlhokwa di tshwana le botsogo, mohama o o itemogelang tlhaelo ya babereki e e kwa godimo. Lefatshe la Botswana ke lengwe la mafatshe a banni ba Russia ba sa tlhokeng teseletso ya mosepele go ya kwa go lone. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090329052738/http://www.botswana.mid.ru/relations_e.html "Botswana-Russia relations".] Archived from [http://www.botswana.mid.ru/relations_e.html the original] on 29 March 2009. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref>Lefatshe la Russia le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone, fa la Botswana le le ka fa tlase ga ofisi e e kwa Stockholm (Sweden) le ofisi kwa Moscow. |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of South Africa.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Aforika Borwa]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bone |Mafatshe a ka bobedi jwa one a dirile notsalano jwa sepolotiki ka Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bone. Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le Aforika Borwa]] * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa [[Pretoria (Pitori)]] le mookamedi wa kakaretso kwa [[Cape Town]] le [[Johannesburg]] * Lefatshe la Aforika Borwa le na le ofisi ya kemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of South Korea.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[South Korea]] |Moranang a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabobedi |Go tlhamiwa ga botsalano jwa sepolotiki gareng ga Republic of Korea le Republic of Botswana go simologile ka Moranang a robabobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabobedi.<ref>[https://www.mofa.go.kr/eng/nation/m_4902/view.do?seq=133 "Countries & Regions (MFA Republic of Korea)".]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le motso palo ya batho ba South korea ba ba neng ba nna kwa Botswana e ne e le lekgolo, masome a marataro le boraro.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150904015758/http://www.mofa.go.kr/ENG/countries/middleeast/countries/20070804/1_24503.jsp?menu=m_30_50 "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Middle East and Africa"]. 4 September 2015. Archived from [http://www.mofa.go.kr/ENG/countries/middleeast/countries/20070804/1_24503.jsp?menu=m_30_50 the original] on 4 September 2015. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> Fa e sale ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bone, puso ya Botswana e ne e lemoga ROK e le yone puso ya Korea ya nnete.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150106001946/http://www.gov.bw/en/Ministries--Authorities/Ministries/Ministry-of-Foreign-Affairs-and-International-Cooperation/News/BOTSWANA-CUT-TIES-WITH-NORTH-KOREA/ "Botswana Cuts Ties with North Korea".] ''gov.bw''. Ministry of [[:en:Politics_of_Botswana|Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation]]. 20 February 2014. Archived from [https://www.gov.bw/en/Ministries--Authorities/Ministries/Ministry-of-Foreign-Affairs-and-International-Cooperation/News/BOTSWANA-CUT-TIES-WITH-NORTH-KOREA/ the original] on 6 January 2015. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Turkey.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Turkey]] |Firikgong a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le motso<ref>[https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1636698?ln=en "Diplomatic relations between Botswana and Turkey as of 20 Jan. 1981 (UN Digital Library)".] 20 January 1981.</ref> | * Kemedi ya sennela ruri ya Botswana kwa ofising ya UN kwa Geneva e tlhomamisitswe ke Turkey. * Lefatshe la Turkey le na le ofisi ya kemedi kwa Gaborone<ref name=":2">[https://www.mfa.gov.tr/default.en.mfa Relations between Turkey and Botswana".]</ref> * Madi a kgwebo gareng ga mafatshe o o mabedi e ne e le didikadike di le pedi ka ngwag wa dikete pedi, lesome le borobabongwe.<ref name=":2" /> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the United Kingdom (3-5).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[United Kingdom]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro |[[Setshwantsho:Foreign Secretary visits Botswana (6886371565).jpg|thumb|Mokwaledi wa mafatshe a sele William Hague kwa Botswana, Tlhakole ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bobedi]]Lefatshe la Botswana le simolotse botsalano le tirisanommogo le la [[United Kingdom]] ka Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robbaongwe, masome a marataro le borataro.<ref name=":1" /> * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya kemedi kwa Lontone.<ref>Diplomat Magazine (4 September 2017). "[https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/botswana/ Botswana"]. ''Diplomat Magazine''. Archived from the original on 13 May 2025. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> * Lefatshe la United Kingdom le dirisana mmogo le la Botswana ka ofisi ya kemedi kwa Gaborone.<ref>[https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-gaborone "British High Commission Gaborone".] ''[[:en:Gov.uk|GOV.UK]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240506171421/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-gaborone Archived] from the original on 6 May 2024. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> Lefatshe la UK le ne le eteletse pele la Botswana go tswa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi, masome a robabobedi le botlhano go tsena ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro, fa le tsaya boipuso. Mafatshe a ka bobedi ke maloko a mafatshe a selekanye, kgotlatshekelo ya mafatshefatshe ya molao, le lekgotla la go gweba ga mafatshe, ga mmogo le tumalano ya kopano ya itsholelo ya SACUM-UK.<ref>Bavier, Joe (11 September 2019). "[https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-britain-africa-trade-idUKKCN1VW1N5 Britain agrees post-Brexit trade deal with southern Africa]". ''Reuters''. Archived from the original on 18 February 2022. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> Mafatshe a ka bobedi jwa one a na le bokopano jwa go kgetha gabedi.<ref>[[:en:HM_Revenue_and_Customs|HM Revenue and Customs]] (3 February 2014). "[https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/botswana-tax-treaties Botswana: tax treaties]". ''GOV.UK''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20250408171729/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/botswana-tax-treaties Archived] from the original on 8 April 2025. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[USA]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a maratyaro le borataro<ref>[https://history.state.gov/countries/botswana "A Guide to the United States' History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: Botswana"].</ref> |Bona [[Botsalano jwa mafatshe a Botswana le United States]][[Setshwantsho:Embassy of Botswana, Washington, D.C..jpg|thumb|Ofisi ya Botswana kwa [[Washington, D.C.]]]]Lefatshe la United States le bona la Botswana e le mmueledi gape e le sekao sa go ritibala mo [[Aferika|Aforika]], le tswa kgakala le berekisana le la Botswana mo ditlhabololong fa e sale ka boipuso. U.S Peace corps ba ne ba boela Botswana ka Phatwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bobedi ka maikaelelo a go dira mananeo a a lebaganeng le HIV/AIDS morago ga go fetsa dingwaga tse di masome mararo a go thusa mo go tsepameng ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bosupa.Ka mo go tshwanang, USAID e ne ya emisa bokopano jwa sebaka se seleele le Botswana ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le borataro, morago ga mananeo a a atlegileng a thuto, katiso, kgwebo, go okamela tikologo, le botsogo jwa pelegi. Lefatshe la Botswana, le fa go ntse jalo, lone le mafatshe a a mabapi, le tswelela ka go anywa mo lenaneong la USAID la borwa jwa Aforika, le jaanong le leng kwa [[Pretoria (Pitori)]], le ofisi ya go phadisana ga borwa jwa Aforika ya USAID e diofisikgolo tsa yone di leng kwa Gaborone. Lekgotla la mafatshefatshe la United States la babega dikgang le na le setaitane sa Voice of America mo Botswana le le thusang bontsi jwa mafatshe a a mo Aforika. Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le botlhano, lekgotla le le laolang malwetsi la CDC le ne la simolola porojeke ya BOTUSA le kopane le lephata la [[botsogo mo Botswana]] go ntsha dintlha go tokafatsa maiteko a go laola kgotlholo e tona mo Botswana le mafatshe a mangwe ka nako ya fa kgotlholo e tona le HIV/AIDS di tlhasetse. Ka nako ya lenaneo la ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe la boeteledipele jwa U.S mo go lwantsheng segajaja, CDC ka BOTUSA e ne ya dira diporojeke tse dintsi gape e thusitse makgolta a mantsi mo go lwantsheng HIV/AIDS mo Botswana. Lefatshe la Botswana ke lengwe la mafatshe a a lesome le botlhano a lenaneo la ga tautona la tshoganyetso go lwantsha HIV, le amogetse didikadike tsa di dolara di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mararo fa e sale lenaneo leo le simolola ka Firikgong ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bone go tsena Lwetse ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa. Thuso ya PEPFAR kwa Botswana, e e neng e le madi otlhe a a kanang ka didikadike di le masome a supa le borataro kwa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa, le thusa go thibela, go alafa le go tlhokomela balwetse ba HIV/AIDS. Puso ya Botswana le ya United States ba stene mo tumalanong ka Phukwi ngwag wa dikete pedi go tlhama sekolo sa katisetso molao kwa Gaborone. Sekolo se, se dipuso tse di pataganetseng go ntsha madi a sone le go se okamela, se katisa mapodisi le matona a puso mo Aforika. Dikago tsa sekolo di kwa Otse, kwa ntle ga Gaborone, se bustwe ka Mopitlo ngwaga wa dikete pedi le boraro. Batho ba molao ba ka nna dikete tharo mo Aforika ba katisitswe mo sekolong se fa se sale se simolola go ruta ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le motso. * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa [[Washington, D.C.]] * Lefatshe la United States le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Zimbabwe.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Zimbabwe]] |Motsheganong a le masome mararo le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le boraro |Mafatshe a ka bobedi a nnile le tirisanommogo ka Motsheganong a le masome mararo le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le boraro.<ref>''Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997''. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999. p.&nbsp;103.</ref> Lefatshe la Botswana le santse le sokola ka go tswala molelwane, le tswalela dikete tsa batho ba Zimbabwe ba ba tshabang go phutlhama ga itsholelo le pogiso ya sepolotiki. Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le botlhano, batho ba Zimbabwe ba le dikete di le masome mabedi le bobedi ba ne ba tshwarwa ba bo ba busediwa gae. Dipalo tsa batho ba ba buseditsweng gae di ne tsa oketsega go nna dikete di le masome mabedi le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le borobabobedi.<ref>Dube, Mqondisi (14 August 2019). [https://www.voanews.com/a/africa_botswana-battles-influx-zimbabwean-illegal-immigrants/6173868.html "Botswana Battles Influx of Zimbabwean Illegal Immigrants"]. ''Voice of America''. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya kemedi kwa [[Harare]] * Lefatshe la Zimbabwe le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa [[Gaborone]] |} == Botswana le FOSS == Lefatshe la Botswana le sale le nna leloko la bokopano jwa mafatshe a mannye (Forum of Small States) fa setlhopha seo se tlhamiwa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a obabongwe le bobedi.<ref>''50 Years of Singapore and the United Nations''. World Scientific. 2015. ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-981-4713-03-0|978-981-4713-03-0]]</bdi>.access-date=13 July 2026</ref> == Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe == * [[Dithomo tsa botsalano jwa sepolotiki mo Botswana]] * [[Dithomo tsa botsalano jwa sepolotiki tsa Botswana]] == Metswedi == iq65rtib4f945fwnuhv3yzf8n0ujm30 53488 53487 2026-07-28T14:43:48Z JudithShe 9421 Ke tsentse difolaga go bapa le mafatshe mo tsebeng ya Botsalano jwa lefatshenla Botswana le mafatshe a mangwe #Wikipedia25BW 53488 wikitext text/x-wiki Lefatshe la [[Botswana]] le tsaya tirisanommogo mo go tsa itsholelo le polotiki mo borwa jwa [[Aferika|Aforika]] ka tlhwaafalo. Le lekile go dira gore lekgotla la [[Southern African Development Community]] (SADC), le bereke mo go tsa tlhabololo itsholelo, gape le tokafaditse maiteko a go dira gore kgaolo e itirele melao fa go tsena mo go tsa tirisanommogo, go rarabolola tlhoka kutlwisisano, le boteledipele jo bo siameng. == Botsalano jwa polotiki == Mafatshe a a nang le botsalano le la Botswana mo go tsa sepolotiki: {| class="wikitable" |+ ! colspan="3" |[[Setshwantsho:Diplomatic relations of Botswana.svg|center|frameless|350x350px]] |- |# |'''Lefatshe''' |'''Kgwedi'''<ref>[https://digitallibrary.un.org/search?ln=en&as=1&m1=p&p1=Diplomatic%20relations%20between%20Botswana%20and%20...&f1=series&op1=a&m2=a&p2=&f2=&op2=a&m3=a&p3=&f3=&dt=&d1d=&d1m=&d1y=&d2d=&d2m=&d2y=&rm=&sf=year&so=a&rg=50&c=United%20Nations%20Digital%20Library%20System&of=hb&fti=0&fti=0 "Diplomatic relations between Botswana and ..."] United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |1 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the United Kingdom (3-5).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[United Kingdom]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro<ref name=":1">''The Diplomatic Service List''. Great Britain. Diplomatic Service Administration Office. 1970. pp.&nbsp;136–149.</ref> |- |2 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Japan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Japan]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220801145836/https://guardiansun.co.bw/News/botswana-and-japan-celebrate-50-years-of-diplomatic-relations "Botswana And Japan Celebrate 50 Years of Diplomatic Relations".] [[Botswana Guardian|''Botswana Guardian''.]] 5 August 2016. Archived from [https://guardiansun.co.bw/News/botswana-and-japan-celebrate-50-years-of-diplomatic-relations the original] on 1 August 2022. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |3 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[United States of America]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro<ref>[https://history.state.gov/countries/all "All Countries".] ''Office of the Historian''. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |4 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Germany.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Germany]] |Phalane a rogwa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro<ref>[https://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/de/service/laender/botsuana-node/botsuana-219506 "Botsuana: Steckbrief".] ''Auswärtiges Amt'' (in German). Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |5 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Zambia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Zambia]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro<ref name=":0">''Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997''. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999. pp.&nbsp;82–87.</ref> |- |6 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of France.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[France]] |Tlhakole a le malatsi a mabedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le bosupa<ref>[https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr "Liste Chronologique des Ambassadeurs, Envoyés Extraordinaires, Ministres Plénipotentiaires et Chargés D'Affaires de France à L'Étranger Depuis 1945"] (PDF) (in French). p.&nbsp;44.</ref> |- |7 |[[Setshwantsho:War Flag of the Philippines.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Philippines]] |Tlhakole a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>[https://x.com/DFAPHL/status/828400555722756096 "Today we celebrate 50 years of formal diplomatic relations with Botswana!".] 6 February 2017. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |8 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Israel.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Israel]] |Motsheganong a le masome mabedi le bone ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>[https://www.sundaystandard.info/outspoken-botswana-loses-its-voice-on-israel/ "Outspoken Botswana loses its voice on Israel".] ''Sunday Standard''. 3 November 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20231103014414/https://www.sundaystandard.info/outspoken-botswana-loses-its-voice-on-israel/ Archived] from the original on 3 November 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |9 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Malawi.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Malawi]] |Phukwi a rogwa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>''Report''. Malawi. Police Force. 1968. p.&nbsp;2.</ref> |- |10 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the Netherlands.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Netherlands]] |Phatwe a le lesome, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>''Jaarboek van het Departement van Buitenlandse Zaken Volumes 86-90'' (in Dutch). Netherlands. Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken. 1967. p.&nbsp;152.</ref> |- |11 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Switzerland.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Switzerland]] |Phatwe a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>[https://dodis.ch/32532 "Ernennung eines schweizerischen Botschafters in Botswana und Lesotho. Sitz in Pretoria".] ''dodis.ch'' (in German). 22 August 1967. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |12 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Ethiopia (1996–2009).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Ethiopia]] |Phalane a le lesome le borobabongwe ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le bosupa<ref name=":0" /> |- |13 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Kenya.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Kenya]] |Phalane a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a le marataro le bosupa<ref name=":0" /> |- |14 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Norway.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Norway]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robbaongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>[https://www.regjeringen.no/globalassets/departementene/ud/vedlegg/protokoll/diplomatiske_forbindelser.pdf "Norges opprettelse af diplomatiske forbindelser med fremmede stater"] (PDF). ''regjeringen.no'' (in Norwegian). 27 April 1999. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |15 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Sweden.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Sweden]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marararo le borobabobedi.<ref>[https://gupea.ub.gu.se/bitstreams/c2f5a602-de12-4d98-b2c4-11de6ac633b9/download "Sveriges statskalender 1969"] (in Swedish). p.&nbsp;46. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |16 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of South Korea.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[South Korea]] |Moranang a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabobedi<ref>[https://www.mofa.go.kr/eng/nation/m_4902/list.do "Countries & Regions"]. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |17 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Austria.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Austria]] |Morule a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabobedi<ref>''Standard Encyclopaedia of Southern Africa, Capetown Volume 2''. 1970. p.&nbsp;458. <q>Austrian Ambassador , Paul Zedwitz , presenting his credentials to Sir Seretse Khama , 5 Dec. 1968 . at Gaberones</q></ref><ref>''Diplomatic, Consular and International Organisations List''. Republic of Botswana. 1971. p.&nbsp;1. <q>5.12.68 His Excellency Dr. Paul Zedtwitz, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Republic of Austria (Resident in Pretoria).</q></ref> |- |18 | [[Setshwantsho:Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Canada]] |Morule a le lesome le borobabongwe ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabobedi<ref>Linwood, DeLong (January 2020). [https://www.cgai.ca/a_guide_to_canadian_diplomatic_relations_1925_2019 "A Guide to Canadian Diplomatic Relations 1925-2019".] Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |19 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Nigeria.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Nigeria]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le bone ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref>''Kutlwano, 9-10''. Bechuanaland Protectorate. Information Branch, Botswana. Information Services. 1974. p.&nbsp;4.</ref> |- |20 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the Czech Republic.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Czech Republic]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a mabedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref name=":0" /> |- |21 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Russia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Russia]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref>''Africa Quarterly''. Vol.&nbsp;10. Indian Centre for Africa. 1970. p.&nbsp;37.</ref> |- |22 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Denmark.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Denmark]] |Motsheganong a le lesome le bobedi ngwaga wa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref>''[https://slaegtsbibliotek.dk/910992.pdf Kongelig Dansk Hof- og Statskalender 1971]'' (PDF) (in Danish). 1971. p.&nbsp;23.</ref> |- |23 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Serbia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Serbia]] |Lwetse a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref>Presse, Agence France (1970). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=Muo0AQAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y Africa]''. Agence France-Presse. p.&nbsp;32.</ref> |- |24 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Italy.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Italia]] |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/281137451918748/photos/a.292204164145410/1151053924927092/?type=3&_rdr "Dr. Filippo Scammacca Del Murgo e Dell Agnone presented his credentials to Dr. Sertese Khama Ian Khama".] ''Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Botswana in Facebook''. 16 March 2016. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |25 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Romania.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Romania]] |Phalane a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le motso<ref>[https://www.mae.ro/en/node/2187 "Diplomatic Relations of Romania".] Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |26 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Belgium (civil).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Belgium]] |Ngwanatsele a le malatsi a robabongwe, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le motso<ref>''Diplomatic, Consular and International Organisations List''. Republic of Botswana. 1971. p.&nbsp;2.</ref> |- |27 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Tanzania.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Tanzania]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bobedi |- |28 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of India.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[India]] |Morule a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bobedi<ref>''Asia & Africa Review''. Vol.&nbsp;12. Independent Publishing Company. 1972. p.&nbsp;15.</ref> |- |29 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Egypt.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Egypt]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a supa, masome a supa le boraro<ref>''ARR, Arab Report and Record''. Vol.&nbsp;1–18, 21–24. 1973. p.&nbsp;7.</ref> |- |30 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Lesotho.svg|frameless|30x30px]][[Lesotho]] |Moranang ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le boraro<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230623071827/https://istmat.org/files/uploads/55959/003_zarubezhnye_strany.pdf "Ежегодник Большой Советской Энциклопедии. 1974. Выпуск восемнадцатый: Зарубежные страны"] (PDF) (in Russian). p.&nbsp;322. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 June 2023. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |31 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Australia (converted).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Australia]] |Phukwi a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le boraro<ref>''Facts and Figures of Australia at War''. Vol.&nbsp;119. Australian News and Information Bureau, Department of the Interior. 1973. p.&nbsp;95.</ref> |- |32 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of North Korea (March 2026-).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[North Korea]] (e seegetswe kwa thoko ka nakwana) |Morule a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bone<ref>[https://ghostarchive.org/archive/2rX2V "DPRK Diplomatic Relations"] (PDF). NCNK. 2016. pp.&nbsp;8–9. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |33 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[China]] |Firikgong a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le botlhano<ref>[https://www.mfa.gov.cn/web/system/index_17321.shtml "Joint Communique Regarding the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations Between the People's Republic of China and the Republic of Botswana".] 25 April 2002. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |34 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Ghana.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Ghana]] |Phalane a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le botlhano<ref>[https://gna.org.gh/2025/05/botswana-delegation-visits-ghana-to-study-transformative-tvet-framework-and-policies/ "Botswana Delegation Visits Ghana to Study Transformative TVET Framework and Policies".] 11 May 2025. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |35 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Guyana.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Guyana]] |Phalane a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le botlhano<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20191224073504/http://www.minfor.gov.gy/diplomatic-relations/ "Diplomatic relations".] Archived from the original on 24 December 2019. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |36 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Mexico.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Mexico]] |Morule a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le botlhano<ref>''Informe de labores – Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores'' (in Spanish). Mexico. Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores. 1976. pp.&nbsp;26 and 36–37.</ref> |- |37 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Mozambique.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Mozambique]] |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le botlhano<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/281137451918748/photos/the-high-commissioner-of-mozambique-his-excellency-domingos-fernades-presenting-/1125072150858603/ "The High Commissioner of Mozambique, His Excellency Domingos Fernades presenting his Letters of Credence to the President of Botswana, His Excellency Lt. Gen. Dr. Seretse Khama Ian Khama, on 2 February 2016"]. 4 February 2016. Retrieved 14 July 2026&#x2013; via Facebook.</ref> |- |38 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Eswatini.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Eswatini]] |Motsheganong a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le borataro<ref>''Directory of the Diplomatic Corps and International Organizations''. Botswana, Botswana. Office of the President. External Affairs. 1978. p.&nbsp;3.</ref> |- |39 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Libya.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Libya]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le bosupa<ref>''ARR: Arab Report and Record''. Economic Features, Limited. 1977. p.&nbsp;165.</ref> |- |40 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Luxembourg.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Luxemborg|Luxembourg]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bosupa<ref>[https://aei.pitt.edu/52731/1/B0795.pdf "CORPS DIPLOMATIQUE accrédité auprès des Communautés européennes"] (PDF) (in French). 30 September 1977. pp.&nbsp;1, 29. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref><ref>[[iarchive:in.ernet.dli.2015.146909/page/n926/mode/1up|''The Europa Year Book 1978 A World Survey Vol.-i''. Europa]] Publication Limited. 1978.</ref> |- |41 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Cuba.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Cuba]] |Morule a robabongwe ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le bosupa<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220707064931/https://www.minrex.gob.cu/es/node/1944 "Firman Cuba y Botswana acuerdo de cooperación en sector de Salud"] (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |42 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Argentina.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Argentina]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabobedi |- |43 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Greece (1970–1975).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Greece]] |Moranang a le lesome ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le borobabobedi |- |44 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Finland.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Finland]] |Phukwi a rogwa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabobedi<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180330044440/http://formin.finland.fi/Public/default.aspx?nodeid=17195&contentlan=2&culture=en-US "Countries and regions A–Z"]. Archived from the original on 30 March 2018. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |45 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Poland.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Poland]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabobedi |- |46 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Algeria.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Algeria]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabongwe<ref>Slimane Chikh (1980). ''Le Maghreb et l'Afrique subsaharienne'' (in French). Editions du Centre national de la recherche scientifique. p.&nbsp;10. <q>Botswana (30/11/79) Mohamed Chellali Khouri</q></ref> |- |47 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Angola.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Angola]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi<ref>''Sub-Saharan Africa Report Issues 2243-2247''. United States. Foreign Broadcast Information Service. 1980. p.&nbsp;7. <q>7 Mar 80 ] ANGOLA - BOTSWANA DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS -- The governments of Botswana and Angola have decided to establish diplomatic relations .</q></ref> |- |48 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Portugal (official).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Portugal]] |Moranang a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi<ref>[https://portaldiplomatico.mne.gov.pt/relacoesbilaterais/paises "Países".] ''Portal Diplomático'' (in Portuguese). Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |49 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Hungary.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Hungary]] |Moranang a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi<ref>''Hungary – Page 170''. Pannonia Press, 1980</ref> |- |50 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Turkey.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Turkey]] |Firikgong a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le motso |- |51 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Spain (1785–1873, 1875–1931).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Spain]] |Moranang a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe ngwaga wa Sekete makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le motso<ref>[https://www.exteriores.gob.es/es/Comunicacion/Paginas/Ficha.aspx "Ficha de paises y territorios"] (in Spanish). Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |52 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Jamaica.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Jamaica]] |Motsheganong a le malatsi a mane ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le bobedi |- |53 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Bulgaria.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Bulgaria]] |Phatwe a le lesome le borataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le bobedi<ref>''Keesing's Contemporary Archives – Page 32055''. Keesing's Limited., 1983.</ref> |- |54 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Albania.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Albania]] |Phatwe a le masome a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le bobedi<ref>''Keesing's Contemporary Archives – Page 32055''. Keesing's Limited., 1983.</ref> |- |55 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Zimbabwe.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Zimbabwe]] |Motsheganong a le masome mararo le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robaongwe, masome a robabobedi le boraro<ref>''Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997''. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999. p.&nbsp;103</ref> |- |56 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Bangladesh.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Bangladesh]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le boraro<ref>''News Review on South Asia and Indian Ocean''. Institute for Defence Studies & Analyses., 1983. p.&nbsp;442.</ref> |- |57 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Brazil.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Brazil]] |Lwetse a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le botlhano |- |58 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Thailand.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Thailand]] |Ngwanatsele e a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le botlhano<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240816013201/https://www.mfa.go.th/th/content-category/5d5bcb4e15e39c3060006875 "อเมริกาและแปซิฟิก"] (in Thai). Archived from [https://www.mfa.go.th/th/content-category/5d5bcb4e15e39c3060006875 the original] on 16 August 2024. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |59 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Iraq (2008).png|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Iraq]] |Phukwi a le lesome ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borataro<ref>''[https://archive.org/details/jprs-report_jprs-ssa-86-086/page/n13/mode/1up?q=credentials Sub-Saharan Africa Report]''. United States Joint Publications Research Service. 18 August 1986. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |60 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Pakistan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Pakistan]] |Phatwe a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borataro<ref>''Pakistan Horizon – Volume 39''. Pakistan Institute of International Affairs. 1986. p.&nbsp;108.</ref> |- |61 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of New Zealand.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[New Zealand]] |ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le bosupa<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090122004704/http://www.mfat.govt.nz/Embassies/3-NZ-Ambassadors/countries-b.php "New Zealand Heads of Overseas Missions – B".] ''mfat.govt.nz''. Archived from the original on 22 January 2009.</ref> |- |62 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Seychelles.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Seychelles]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi |- |63 |[[Setshwantsho:State flag of Iran (1964–1980).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Iran]] |Lwetse ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi<ref>''Directory of Iranian Officials''. 1991. p.&nbsp;69.</ref> |- |64 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Vanuatu (official).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Vanuatu]] |Ngwanatsele a rogwa, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240925183844/https://mfaicet.gov.vu/images/documents/VANUATU_NATIONAL_FOREIGN_POLICY.pdf "Vanuatu Diplomatic Relations"] (PDF). ''mfaicet.gov.vu''. p.&nbsp;50. Archived from [https://mfaicet.gov.vu/images/documents/VANUATU_NATIONAL_FOREIGN_POLICY.pdf the original] (PDF) on 25 September 2024. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |65 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Uganda.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Uganda]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a robabongwe, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe<ref name=":3">''Diplomatic List 1995''. Botswana, Botswana. Department of Foreign Affairs. 1995. pp.&nbsp;xiii.</ref> |- |66 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Gran Colombia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Colombia]] |Moranang a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe |- |67 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Somalia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Somalia]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe<ref name=":3" /> |- |68 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Iceland.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Iceland]] |Moranang a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe<ref>Thorsteinsson, Pétur J. (1992). ''Utanríkisþjónusta Íslands og utanríkismál: sögulegt yfirlit'' (in Icelandic). pp.&nbsp;1065–1066.</ref> |- |69 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Namibia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Namibia]] |Phukwi a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe<ref>Mushelenga, Samuel Abraham Peyavali (2008). [https://uir.unisa.ac.za/service-interruption.html?sequence=4&isAllowed=y "Foreign policy-making in Namibia : the dynamics of the smallness of a state"] (PDF). pp.&nbsp;254–259.</ref> |- |70 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Malaysia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Malaysia]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe<ref>[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=oVrVK2ElINMC&dq=26+Nov.+1990+Diplomatic+relations+are+established+with+Malaysia&pg=PA108&redir_esc=y ''Southern African Political History A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997''.] Greenwood Press. 1999. p.&nbsp;108. ISBN&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780313302473|<bdi>9780313302473</bdi>.]] Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |71 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Tunisia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Tunisia]] |Ngwanatsele a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bobedi |- |72 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Singapore.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Singapore]] |Phatwe a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le boraro<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230314222839/https://www.mfa.gov.sg/Overseas-Missions/-/media/D74B3129AEFA44BB8FC411746F005489.ashx "Diplomatic & consular list".] ''Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Singapore''. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |73 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of South Africa.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Aforika Borwa]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bone<ref>[https://omalley.nelsonmandela.org/index.php/site/q/03lv02167/04lv02168/05lv02169.htm "1994".] ''The O’Malley archive''. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |74 |[[Setshwantsho:Kuwait flag 300.png|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Kuwait]] |Seetebosigo a le lesome ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le borataro<ref>''Daily Report: Africa (Sub-Sahara)''. Vol.&nbsp;96. Foreign Broadcast Information Service. 1996. <q>Botswana: Diplomatic Relations With Kuwait Established</q></ref> |- |75 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Ireland.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Ireland]] |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le borataro<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/281137451918748/photos/the-minister-of-international-affairs-and-cooperation-speaks-with-the-irish-mini/3338393609526435/ "The Minister of International Affairs And Cooperation Speaks with the Irish Minister of Foreign Affairs And Trade".] 1 June 2020. Retrieved 15 July 2026 &#x2013; via Facebook.</ref> |- |76 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Chile.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Chile]] |Phalane a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bosupa<ref>"Reseña histórica de la presencia chilena en África" (in Spanish). p.&nbsp;6. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |77 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Trinidad and Tobago]] |Motsheganong a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi |- |78 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Slovakia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Slovakia]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe, ngwaga wa dikete pedi le motso<ref>[https://www.mzv.sk/staty "Štáty a teritóriá"] (in Slovak). Retrieved 16 July 2026</ref> |- |79 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Mauritius.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Mauritius]] |Moranang a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bobedi<ref>''Diplomatic List''. Botswana. Department of Foreign Affairs. 2003. p.&nbsp;111.</ref> |- |80 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Latvia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Latvia]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le boraro<ref>[https://www.mfa.gov.lv/en/dates-establishment-and-renewal-diplomatic-relations "Dates of establishment and renewal of diplomatic relations".] ''mfa.gov.lv''. 1 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |81 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Estonia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Estonia]] |Seetebosigo a le malatsi a mararo ngwaga wa dikete pedi le boraro<ref>[https://www.vm.ee/suhted-teiste-riikide-ja-organisatsioonidega/suhted-teiste-riikidega/diplomaatiliste-suhete "Diplomaatiliste suhete (taas)kehtestamise kronoloogia"] (in Estonian). 30 January 2018. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |82 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Lithuania.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Lithuania]] |Tlhakole a le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bone<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220110123939/https://jp.mfa.lt/default/en/list-of-countries-with-which-lithuania-has-established-diplomatic-relations "List of countries with which Lithuania has established diplomatic relations".] Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |83 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Ukraine.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Ukraine]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a mane ngwaga dikete pedi le bone<ref>[https://mfa.gov.ua/en/about-ukraine/bilateral-cooperation/middle-east-and-africa "Middle East and Africa". ''M'']''inistry of Foreign Affairs''. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |84 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Rwanda.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Rwanda]] |Lwetse, ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bone<ref>[https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/81051 "Rwanda Botswana relations symbiotic".] 11 August 2024. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |85 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Malta.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Malta]] |Firikgong a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20211224125943/https://foreignandeu.gov.mt/en/Treaties%20Series/Pages/Treaties%20Documents/Botswana---Agreement-on-the-establishment-of-Diplomatic-Relations-between-the-Republic-of-Malta-and-the-Republic-of-Botswan.aspx "Botswana – Agreement on the establishment of Diplomatic Relations between the Republic of Malta and the Republic of Botswana".] Archived from [https://foreign.gov.mt/ the original] on 24 December 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |86 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Cyprus (1960–2006).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Cyprus]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano |- |87 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Morocco.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Morocco]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano |- |88 |[[Slovenia]] |Phukwi a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano |- |89 |[[Madagascar]] |Phatwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170220194957/https://newsmada.com/2017/02/15/cooperation-le-botswana-sinteresse-a-la-grande-ile "Coopération : le Botswana s'intéresse à la Grande île".] ''newsmada.com'' (in French). 15 February 2017. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20170220194957/https://newsmada.com/2017/02/15/cooperation-le-botswana-sinteresse-a-la-grande-ile the original] on 20 February 2017. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |90 |[[Croatia]] |Lwetse a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano<ref>[https://mvep.gov.hr/foreign-policy/bilateral-relations/date-of-recognition-and-establishment-od-diplomatic-relations/22800 "Bilateral relations – Date of Recognition and Establishment of Diplomatic Relations"]. ''Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Croatia''. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |91 |[[Belarus]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro |- |92 |[[United Arab Emirates]] |Moranang a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga w dikete pedi le borataro<ref>[https://www.wam.ae/en/details/1395227642979 "UAE and Botswana establish diplomatic relations".] 29 April 2006.</ref> |- |93 |[[Bahamas]] |Motsheganong ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro<ref>[http://www.bahamasuncensored.com/ConsCorpsXmas06_MFA.html "Mitchell addresses Diplomats Christmas Luncheon".] 13 December 2006. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |94 |[[Dominican Republic]] |Phalane a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20171004004739/http://enlacecongreso.mirex.gob.do/ecc/Lists/Establecimiento%20de%20Relaciones%20Diplomticas/AllItems.aspx "Establecimiento De Relaciones Diplomáticas"] (in Spanish). Archived from [http://enlacecongreso.mirex.gob.do/ecc/Lists/Establecimiento%20de%20Relaciones%20Diplomticas/AllItems.aspx the original] on 4 October 2017. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |95 |[[Republic of the Congo]] |Ngwanatsele a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro |- |96 |[[Qatar]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro |- |97 |[[Equatorial Guinea]] |Morule a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro<ref>[https://minexteriores.gob.gq/wp-content/uploads/ACUERDOS-GUINEA-ECUATORIAL-BOTSUANA.pdf "Acuerdos Firmados Entre Guinea Euatorial Y Botswana"] (PDF) (in Spanish). Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |98 |[[Barbados]] |Morule a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro |- |99 |[[Gabon]] |Morule a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro |- |100 |[[Niger]] |Morule a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro |- |101 |[[Sudan]] |Firikgong a le lesome ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |102 |[[Burkina Faso]] |Firikgong a le lesome le bobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |103 |[[Benin]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |104 |[[Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |105 |[[Saudi Arabia]] |Mopitlo a rogwa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230817201141/https://sp.spa.gov.sa/viewfullstory.php?lang=en&newsid=429339 "Saudi Arabia, Botswana Establish Diplomatic Relations".] 1 March 2007. Archived from [https://sp.spa.gov.sa/viewfullstory.php?lang=en&newsid=429339 the original] on 17 August 2023. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |106 |[[Burundi]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |107 |[[Djibouti]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130818144121/http://www.djibdiplomatie.dj/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=439&Itemid=17 "Etat des relations".] ''Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres et de la Cooperation Internationale Djibouti'' (in French). Archived from [http://www.djibdiplomatie.dj/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=439&Itemid=17 the original] on 18 August 2013. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |108 |[[Guinea]] |Moranang a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |109 |[[Uruguay]] |Motsheganong a le malatsi a mane ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa<ref>''Keesing's Contemporary Archives – Page 32055''. Keesing's Limited., 1983.</ref> |- |110 |[[Guatemala]] |Motsheganong a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |111 |[[Mauritania]] |Motsheganong a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |112 |[[Ecuador]] |Seetebosigo a le malatsi a mane ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |113 |[[Mali]] |Seetebosigo a le malatis a matlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |114 |[[Ivory Coast]] |Seetebosigo a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |115 |[[Venezuela]] |Phukwi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |116 |[[Paraguay]] |Phukwi a le lesome le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |117 |[[Honduras]] |Phukwi a le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |118 |[[Dominica]] |Phukwi a le masome mabedi le boraro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |119 |[[Nicaragua]] |Phatwe a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |120 |[[Costa Rica]] |Lwetse a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa<ref>[https://x.com/CRcancilleria/status/1304499050432135172 "Celebramos 13 años de relaciones diplomáticas con la República de Botsuana y Costa rica"] (in Spanish). 11 September 2020.</ref> |- |121 |[[Antigua and Barbuda]] |Morule a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |122 |[[Suriname]] |Morule a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |123 |[[Belize]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabobedi<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20161222155933/http://www.mofaic.gov.bw/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=134:bilateral-relations-b&catid=2&Itemid=43 "Bilateral Relations: B".] Botswana: Ministry of Foreign Affairs & International Cooperation. Archived from [http://www.mofaic.gov.bw/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=134:bilateral-relations-b&catid=2&Itemid=43 the original] on 22 December 2016. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |124 |[[Bosnia and Herzegovina]] |Lwetse a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabobedi |- |125 |[[Sri Lanka]] |Phalane a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabobedi |- |126 |[[Holy See]] |Ngwanatsele a le malatsi a mane ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabobedi<ref>[https://holyseemission.org/contents/mission/diplomatic-relations-of-the-holy-see.php "Diplomatic relations of the Holy See"]. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |127 |[[Nepal]] |Firikgong a le malatsi a robabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe |- |128 |[[Vietnam]] |Tlhakole a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe |- |129 |[[Saint Kitts and nevis]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe |- |130 |[[North Macedonia]] |Lwetse a le malatsi a mane ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe |- |131 |[[Panama]] |Morule a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe |- |132 |[[Georgia]] |Firikgong a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |133 |[[Samoa]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |134 |[[Guinea-Bissau]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |135 |[[Montenegro]] |Phukwi a le lesome le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |136 |[[Liberia]] |Lwetse a le masome mabedi le motso ngwagawa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |137 |[[Solomon Islands]] |Ngwanatsele a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |138 |[[Papua New Guinea]] |Ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |139 |[[Monaco]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le motso |- |140 |[[Fiji]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le motso |- |141 |[[South Sudan]] |Phukwi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le motso |- |142 |[[Indonesia]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bobedi |- |143 |[[Chad]] |Tlhakole a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le botlhano |- |144 |[[Sierra Leone]] |Tlhakole a le leome le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le botlhano |- |145 |[[Senegal]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le botlhano |- |146 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Palestine.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[State of Palestine]] |Mopitlo a robabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bosupa |- |147 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic]] |Motsheganong a le masome mararo le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le borobabobedi |- |148 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the Comoros.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Comoros]] |Lwetse a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabobedi |- |149 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Togo (3-2).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Togo]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le motso |- |150 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the Central African Republic.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Central African Republic]] |Phalane a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le motso<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/lepotentielcentrafricain/posts/2944388082541603/?locale=hi_IN&_rdr "L'ambassadeur Nzapayeke est accredite aupres de la Republique du Botswana".] ''Le Potentiel Centrafricain.com'' (in French). Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |151 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] |Tlhakole a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/BWPresidency/videos/arrival-of-ambassador-designate-mrs-emillie-a-mushobekwa-of-the-democratic-repub/525396969660843/ "Arrival of Ambassador Designate Mrs Emillie A. Mushobekwa of the Democratic Republic of Congo, for Presentation of Letters of Credence at the Office of The President, Gaborone".] 9 February 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2026 &#x2013; via Facebook.</ref> |- |152 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Mongolia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Mongolia]] |Morule a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro |- |153 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Saint Lucia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Saint Lucia]] |Morule a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro |- |154 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Tajikistan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Tajikistan]] |Morule a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro |- |155 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Laos.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Laos]] |Morule a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro |- |156 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Maldives.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Maldives]] |Morule a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro |- |157 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Armenia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Armenia]] |Morule a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro<ref>[https://armenpress.am/en/article/1126252 "Diplomatic relations established between Armenia and Botswana".] ''[[:en:Armenpress|Armenpress]]''. 14 December 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |158 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of The Gambia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[The Gambia]] |Tlhakole a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le bone<ref>[https://www.instagram.com/bwpresidency/p/C3S5SkFNZDZ/?img_index=1 "President Masisi recieves &#x5B;sic&#x5D; letters of credence from ambassador designates".] ''bwpresidency''. 13 February 2024. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |159 |[[Setshwantsho:Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Bolivia]] |Phatwe a rogwa ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le bone |- |160 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Turkey.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Uzbekistan]] |Lwetse a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le bone<ref>[https://www.tengritimes.com/en/post/uzbekistan-establishes-diplomatic-relations-with-another-african-country-botswana "Uzbekistan establishes diplomatic relations with another African country - Botswana".] ''Times Tenrgi''. 26 September 2024. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |161 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Liechtenstein.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Liechtenstein]] |Ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le bone<ref>[https://www.llv.li/serviceportal2/amtsstellen/stabstelle-regierungskanzlei/rechenschaftsbericht-2024.pdf "Landtag, Regierung und Gerichte 2024"] (PDF) (in German). 2025. p.&nbsp;153.</ref> |- |162 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Kyrgyzstan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Kyrgyzstan]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le botlhano<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=1063928925778499&id=100064842032316&_rdr "Botswana and Kyrgyz Republic establish diplomatic relations".] ''Ministry of International Relations, Botswana on Facebook''. 5 March 2025. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |163 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Oman.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Oman]] |Phalane a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le botlhano |- |164 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Turkmenistan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Turkmenistan]] |Phalane a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le botlhano |- |165 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Kazakhstan]] |Phalane a le masome mararo ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome mabedi le botlhano |- |166 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Azerbaijan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Azerbaijan]] |Ngwanatsele a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le botlhano |- |167 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Cape Verde (10-17).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Cape Verde]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome mabedi le borataro<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/Presidencia.cv/posts/pfbid02pbCw2AhzDQwXmCuRaA6VwH5s23rDvgJ2B25jsnAdgBrWz7T1QYTJvxUVS3xvnjKyl "PR recebe Cartas Credenciais da nova Embaixadora de Botswana".] ''Presidência da República de Cabo Verde'' (in Portuguese). 25 February 2026. Retrieved 13 July 2026.</ref> |- |168 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of El Salvador.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[El Salvador]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le borataro |- |169 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Moldova.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Moldova]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le borataro |- |170 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Bahrain.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Bahrain]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mararo ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le borataro<ref>[https://www.bna.bh/en/BahrainBotswanaestablishdiplomaticrelations.aspx?cms=q8FmFJgiscL2fwIzON1%2bDpZCGkNlmsjjveUvx%2fDgvs4%3d "Bahrain, Botswana establish diplomatic relations".] ''Bahrain News Agency''. 30 June 2026. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |} == Botsalano gareng ga mafatshe a mabedi == {| class="wikitable" |+ !Lefatshe !Tshimologo ya botsalano !Dintlha |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Australia (converted).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Australia]] |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le boraro | *Lefatshe la [[Australia]] le amogetswe ke la Botswana go tswa kwa ofising ya boemedi kwa [[Pretoria (Pitori)]], [[Aforika Borwa]], ka |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[China]] |Firikgong a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le botlhano |Mafatshe a mabedi a dirile botsalano ka Firikgong a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le botlhano<ref>[https://www.mfa.gov.cn/ "Joint Communique Regarding the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations Between the People's Republic of China and the Republic of Botswana (MFA People's Republic of China)".]</ref> Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le China]] * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Beijing * Lefatshe la China le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Greece (1970–1975).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Greece]] |Moranang a le lesome ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabobedi |Mafatshe o o mabedi a dirile botsalano ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabobedi kgwedi ya Moranang e le lesome<ref>[https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1486125?ln=en "Diplomatic relations between Greece and Botswana as of 10 Apr. 1978 (UN Digital Library)".] 10 April 1978.</ref> * Lefatshe la Botswana le dumeletswe ke la Greece go dirisa diofisi kgolo tsa kemedi ya sennela ruri kwa Geneva, Switzerland * Lefatshe la Greece le dumeletswe ke la Botswana go dirisa diofisi tsa kemedi kwa Pretoria, Aforika Borwa.<ref>[https://www.mfa.gr/en/bilateral-relations/botswana/ "Greece's Bilateral Relations".]</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of India.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[India]] |Firkgong a le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa sekete, amkgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bobedi |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le India]] * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa [[New Dehli]] * Lefatshe la India le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Indonesia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Indonesia]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bobedi |Mafatshe a ka bobedi a tlhamile botsalano ka Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borobaobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bobedi * Leaftshe la Botswana le dumeletswe ke la Indonesia go dirisia diofisi tse di kwa Canberra, Australia<ref>[https://kemlu.go.id/portal/en/kedutaan "Missions &#x7C; Portal Kementerian Luar Negeri Republik Indonesia".]</ref> * Lefatshe al Indonesia le dumeletswe ke la Botswana go dirisa ofisi ya lne e e kwa Pretoria, Aforika Borwa<ref>[https://kemlu.go.id/portal/en/kedutaan "Missions &#x7C; Portal Kementerian Luar Negeri Republik Indonesia".]</ref><ref>[https://kemlu.go.id/pretoria/en "Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia Pretoria Accredited to the Republic of Botswana, Kingdom of Eswatini, and the Kingdom of Lesotho South Africa"].</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Israel.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Israel]] | |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le Israel]] * Lefatshe la Botswana le dumeletswe ke la Israel go nna le diofisi kwa London, United Kingdom * Lefatshe la Israel le dumeletswe ke la Botswana go dirisa diofisi tsa lone kwa Pretoria, Aforika Borwa |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Kenya.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Kenya]] |Phalane a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe,masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>''Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997''. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999. p.&nbsp;83.</ref> |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le Kenya]] * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya moemedi kwa [[Nairobi]] * Lefatshe la Kenya le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Mexico.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Mexico]] |Morule a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le botlhano |Mafatshe o o mabedi a dirile botsalano jwa polotiki ka Morule a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le botlhano.<ref>[https://centrogilbertobosques.senado.gob.mx/docs/NI_Nombramientos_Senado_270218.pdf "Nombramientos Diplomáticos De Reciente Ingreso Al Senado De La Republica En Africa,el Caribe Y Europa Page 8]" (PDF). [https://ghostarchive.org/archive/DgAjG Archived] (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.</ref> * Lefatshe la Botswana le dumeletswe ke la Mexico kwa ofising ya lone kwa Washinton D.C kwa United States le na le ofisi kwa toropo ya Mexico City<ref>[https://www.botswanaembassy.org/ "Welcome to Embassy of the Republic of Botswana in Washington, D.C. | Embassy of the Republic of Botswana in Washington, D.C."] ''botswanaembassy.org''. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> * Lefatshe la Botswana le dumeletswe ke ofisi ya lone kwa Pretoria Aforika Borwa.<ref>[https://embamex.sre.gob.mx/sudafrica/ "Inicio".] ''embamex.sre.gob.mx''. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Namibia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Namibia]] |Lwetse a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le Namibia]] Botsalano jwa Botswana le Namibia ke jwa kutlwano, mafatshe a mabedi a a mabapi a, a dirisana mo go tsa tlhabololo itsholelo. Lefatshe la Botswana le tsere boipuso go tswa mo go la Britain ka Lwetse ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro. Lefatshe la Namibia le stere boipuso mo go la Aforika Borwa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe morago ga ntwa ya molelwane ya Aforika Borwa. * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa [[Windhoek]] * Lefatshe la Namibia le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of North Korea (March 2026-).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[North Korea]] |Morule a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bone, <ref>[https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.ncnk.org/sites/default/files/issue-briefs/DPRK_Diplo_Relations_August2016.pdf "DPRK Diplomatic Relations"] (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.</ref> mme ga emisiwa ka Tlhakole a le lesome le borobabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bone<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=586061304809865&id=148228411926492 "Botswana Severs Ties With Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea)"] &#x2013; via Facebook.</ref> |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le North Korea]] |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Oman.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Oman]] |Phalane a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le botlhano |Bona Botsalano jwa Botswana le Oman Mafatshe a mabedi a dirile botsalano ka Phalane a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le botlhano.<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/MinistryofInternationalAffairsBW/posts/botswana-establishes-diplomatic-relations-with-the-sultanate-of-oman-on-14th-oct/1246185160886207/ "Botswana establishes diplomatic relations with the Sultanate of Oman"]. ''Ministry of International Relations, Botswana''. 16 October 2025. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> * Ka Moranang a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le borataro, tautona [[Duma Boko]] o ne a sireletsa ditumalano le Oman tsa go sekaseka ditswammung, dikago tsa go baya lookwane, le kgothetso.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/climate-energy/botswana-signs-energy-mineral-exploration-deals-with-oman-2026-04-13/ "Botswana signs energy and mineral exploration deals with Oman"]. ''Reuters''. 13 April 2026. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> * Lefatshe la Botswana le itsisitse ka maano a lone a go bula ofisi ya boemedi kwa Muscat.<ref>[https://www.fm.gov.om/en/42099/ "Botswana confirms plans to open an embassy in Muscat".] ''Foreign Ministry of Oman''. 13 April 2026. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Russia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Russia]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, le masome a supa |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le Russia]] Lefatshe la Botswana le Soviet Union a ne a tlhama botsalano jwa sepolotiki ka Mopitlo a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, le masome a supa. Le ntswa le utlwana le mafatshe a bophirima, lefatshe la Botswana le ne la tsaya karolo mo metshamekong ya Olympics ya selemo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi. Botsalano jwa gompieno gareng ga mafatshe a mabedi bo supiwa bo le lorato ebile bo tswa bogologolong. Ka Mopitlo, mafatshe a mabedi a ne a ipelela dingwaga di le masome a mararo le botlhano a ntse a utlwana. Go ya ka tona wa mafatshe a sele, lefatshe la Russia ke lengwe la mafatshe a ntlha go nna le botsalano jo bo tletseng jwa sepolotiki le Botswana.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170202131955/http://www.botswana.mid.ru/articles_relations_e_09.html "We Must Exploit Russia's Potential".] Archived from [http://www.botswana.mid.ru/articles_relations_e_09.html the original] on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> Tirisanommogo ya kgwebo le itsholelo gareng ga mafatshe a Russia le Botswana e supiwa ke tumalano ya kgwebo ya ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bosupa le tumalano ya itsholelo le setegeniki ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi. Puso ya Russian Federation le puso ya Botswana di ne tsa baya monwana tumalano ya ngwao, maranyane le thuto ka Lwetse ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe. Mafatshe a Russia le Botswana a nnile le tirisanommogo e e duleng maduo mo dikarolong tse di farologaneng, bogolojang mo go tlhabololeng babereki. Lefatshe la Russia le santse le e fa Batswana sebaka sa go ithutela kwa lefatsheng la bone mo dikarolong tsa botlhokwa di tshwana le botsogo, mohama o o itemogelang tlhaelo ya babereki e e kwa godimo. Lefatshe la Botswana ke lengwe la mafatshe a banni ba Russia ba sa tlhokeng teseletso ya mosepele go ya kwa go lone. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090329052738/http://www.botswana.mid.ru/relations_e.html "Botswana-Russia relations".] Archived from [http://www.botswana.mid.ru/relations_e.html the original] on 29 March 2009. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref>Lefatshe la Russia le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone, fa la Botswana le le ka fa tlase ga ofisi e e kwa Stockholm (Sweden) le ofisi kwa Moscow. |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of South Africa.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Aforika Borwa]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bone |Mafatshe a ka bobedi jwa one a dirile notsalano jwa sepolotiki ka Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bone. Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le Aforika Borwa]] * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa [[Pretoria (Pitori)]] le mookamedi wa kakaretso kwa [[Cape Town]] le [[Johannesburg]] * Lefatshe la Aforika Borwa le na le ofisi ya kemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of South Korea.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[South Korea]] |Moranang a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabobedi |Go tlhamiwa ga botsalano jwa sepolotiki gareng ga Republic of Korea le Republic of Botswana go simologile ka Moranang a robabobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabobedi.<ref>[https://www.mofa.go.kr/eng/nation/m_4902/view.do?seq=133 "Countries & Regions (MFA Republic of Korea)".]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le motso palo ya batho ba South korea ba ba neng ba nna kwa Botswana e ne e le lekgolo, masome a marataro le boraro.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150904015758/http://www.mofa.go.kr/ENG/countries/middleeast/countries/20070804/1_24503.jsp?menu=m_30_50 "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Middle East and Africa"]. 4 September 2015. Archived from [http://www.mofa.go.kr/ENG/countries/middleeast/countries/20070804/1_24503.jsp?menu=m_30_50 the original] on 4 September 2015. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> Fa e sale ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bone, puso ya Botswana e ne e lemoga ROK e le yone puso ya Korea ya nnete.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150106001946/http://www.gov.bw/en/Ministries--Authorities/Ministries/Ministry-of-Foreign-Affairs-and-International-Cooperation/News/BOTSWANA-CUT-TIES-WITH-NORTH-KOREA/ "Botswana Cuts Ties with North Korea".] ''gov.bw''. Ministry of [[:en:Politics_of_Botswana|Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation]]. 20 February 2014. Archived from [https://www.gov.bw/en/Ministries--Authorities/Ministries/Ministry-of-Foreign-Affairs-and-International-Cooperation/News/BOTSWANA-CUT-TIES-WITH-NORTH-KOREA/ the original] on 6 January 2015. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Turkey.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Turkey]] |Firikgong a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le motso<ref>[https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1636698?ln=en "Diplomatic relations between Botswana and Turkey as of 20 Jan. 1981 (UN Digital Library)".] 20 January 1981.</ref> | * Kemedi ya sennela ruri ya Botswana kwa ofising ya UN kwa Geneva e tlhomamisitswe ke Turkey. * Lefatshe la Turkey le na le ofisi ya kemedi kwa Gaborone<ref name=":2">[https://www.mfa.gov.tr/default.en.mfa Relations between Turkey and Botswana".]</ref> * Madi a kgwebo gareng ga mafatshe o o mabedi e ne e le didikadike di le pedi ka ngwag wa dikete pedi, lesome le borobabongwe.<ref name=":2" /> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the United Kingdom (3-5).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[United Kingdom]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro |[[Setshwantsho:Foreign Secretary visits Botswana (6886371565).jpg|thumb|Mokwaledi wa mafatshe a sele William Hague kwa Botswana, Tlhakole ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bobedi]]Lefatshe la Botswana le simolotse botsalano le tirisanommogo le la [[United Kingdom]] ka Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robbaongwe, masome a marataro le borataro.<ref name=":1" /> * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya kemedi kwa Lontone.<ref>Diplomat Magazine (4 September 2017). "[https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/botswana/ Botswana"]. ''Diplomat Magazine''. Archived from the original on 13 May 2025. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> * Lefatshe la United Kingdom le dirisana mmogo le la Botswana ka ofisi ya kemedi kwa Gaborone.<ref>[https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-gaborone "British High Commission Gaborone".] ''[[:en:Gov.uk|GOV.UK]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240506171421/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-gaborone Archived] from the original on 6 May 2024. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> Lefatshe la UK le ne le eteletse pele la Botswana go tswa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi, masome a robabobedi le botlhano go tsena ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro, fa le tsaya boipuso. Mafatshe a ka bobedi ke maloko a mafatshe a selekanye, kgotlatshekelo ya mafatshefatshe ya molao, le lekgotla la go gweba ga mafatshe, ga mmogo le tumalano ya kopano ya itsholelo ya SACUM-UK.<ref>Bavier, Joe (11 September 2019). "[https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-britain-africa-trade-idUKKCN1VW1N5 Britain agrees post-Brexit trade deal with southern Africa]". ''Reuters''. Archived from the original on 18 February 2022. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> Mafatshe a ka bobedi jwa one a na le bokopano jwa go kgetha gabedi.<ref>[[:en:HM_Revenue_and_Customs|HM Revenue and Customs]] (3 February 2014). "[https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/botswana-tax-treaties Botswana: tax treaties]". ''GOV.UK''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20250408171729/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/botswana-tax-treaties Archived] from the original on 8 April 2025. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[USA]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a maratyaro le borataro<ref>[https://history.state.gov/countries/botswana "A Guide to the United States' History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: Botswana"].</ref> |Bona [[Botsalano jwa mafatshe a Botswana le United States]][[Setshwantsho:Embassy of Botswana, Washington, D.C..jpg|thumb|Ofisi ya Botswana kwa [[Washington, D.C.]]]]Lefatshe la United States le bona la Botswana e le mmueledi gape e le sekao sa go ritibala mo [[Aferika|Aforika]], le tswa kgakala le berekisana le la Botswana mo ditlhabololong fa e sale ka boipuso. U.S Peace corps ba ne ba boela Botswana ka Phatwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bobedi ka maikaelelo a go dira mananeo a a lebaganeng le HIV/AIDS morago ga go fetsa dingwaga tse di masome mararo a go thusa mo go tsepameng ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bosupa.Ka mo go tshwanang, USAID e ne ya emisa bokopano jwa sebaka se seleele le Botswana ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le borataro, morago ga mananeo a a atlegileng a thuto, katiso, kgwebo, go okamela tikologo, le botsogo jwa pelegi. Lefatshe la Botswana, le fa go ntse jalo, lone le mafatshe a a mabapi, le tswelela ka go anywa mo lenaneong la USAID la borwa jwa Aforika, le jaanong le leng kwa [[Pretoria (Pitori)]], le ofisi ya go phadisana ga borwa jwa Aforika ya USAID e diofisikgolo tsa yone di leng kwa Gaborone. Lekgotla la mafatshefatshe la United States la babega dikgang le na le setaitane sa Voice of America mo Botswana le le thusang bontsi jwa mafatshe a a mo Aforika. Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le botlhano, lekgotla le le laolang malwetsi la CDC le ne la simolola porojeke ya BOTUSA le kopane le lephata la [[botsogo mo Botswana]] go ntsha dintlha go tokafatsa maiteko a go laola kgotlholo e tona mo Botswana le mafatshe a mangwe ka nako ya fa kgotlholo e tona le HIV/AIDS di tlhasetse. Ka nako ya lenaneo la ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe la boeteledipele jwa U.S mo go lwantsheng segajaja, CDC ka BOTUSA e ne ya dira diporojeke tse dintsi gape e thusitse makgolta a mantsi mo go lwantsheng HIV/AIDS mo Botswana. Lefatshe la Botswana ke lengwe la mafatshe a a lesome le botlhano a lenaneo la ga tautona la tshoganyetso go lwantsha HIV, le amogetse didikadike tsa di dolara di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mararo fa e sale lenaneo leo le simolola ka Firikgong ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bone go tsena Lwetse ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa. Thuso ya PEPFAR kwa Botswana, e e neng e le madi otlhe a a kanang ka didikadike di le masome a supa le borataro kwa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa, le thusa go thibela, go alafa le go tlhokomela balwetse ba HIV/AIDS. Puso ya Botswana le ya United States ba stene mo tumalanong ka Phukwi ngwag wa dikete pedi go tlhama sekolo sa katisetso molao kwa Gaborone. Sekolo se, se dipuso tse di pataganetseng go ntsha madi a sone le go se okamela, se katisa mapodisi le matona a puso mo Aforika. Dikago tsa sekolo di kwa Otse, kwa ntle ga Gaborone, se bustwe ka Mopitlo ngwaga wa dikete pedi le boraro. Batho ba molao ba ka nna dikete tharo mo Aforika ba katisitswe mo sekolong se fa se sale se simolola go ruta ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le motso. * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa [[Washington, D.C.]] * Lefatshe la United States le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Zimbabwe.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Zimbabwe]] |Motsheganong a le masome mararo le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le boraro |Mafatshe a ka bobedi a nnile le tirisanommogo ka Motsheganong a le masome mararo le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le boraro.<ref>''Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997''. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999. p.&nbsp;103.</ref> Lefatshe la Botswana le santse le sokola ka go tswala molelwane, le tswalela dikete tsa batho ba Zimbabwe ba ba tshabang go phutlhama ga itsholelo le pogiso ya sepolotiki. Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le botlhano, batho ba Zimbabwe ba le dikete di le masome mabedi le bobedi ba ne ba tshwarwa ba bo ba busediwa gae. Dipalo tsa batho ba ba buseditsweng gae di ne tsa oketsega go nna dikete di le masome mabedi le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le borobabobedi.<ref>Dube, Mqondisi (14 August 2019). [https://www.voanews.com/a/africa_botswana-battles-influx-zimbabwean-illegal-immigrants/6173868.html "Botswana Battles Influx of Zimbabwean Illegal Immigrants"]. ''Voice of America''. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya kemedi kwa [[Harare]] * Lefatshe la Zimbabwe le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa [[Gaborone]] |} == Botswana le FOSS == Lefatshe la Botswana le sale le nna leloko la bokopano jwa mafatshe a mannye (Forum of Small States) fa setlhopha seo se tlhamiwa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a obabongwe le bobedi.<ref>''50 Years of Singapore and the United Nations''. World Scientific. 2015. ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-981-4713-03-0|978-981-4713-03-0]]</bdi>.access-date=13 July 2026</ref> == Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe == * [[Dithomo tsa botsalano jwa sepolotiki mo Botswana]] * [[Dithomo tsa botsalano jwa sepolotiki tsa Botswana]] == Metswedi == 098duc4kpk4w2slcejl3l6kfxv007n2 53551 53488 2026-07-29T10:51:36Z JudithShe 9421 Ke tsentse difolaga go bapa le mafatshe mo tsebeng ya Botsalano jwa lefatsheng la Botswana le mafatshe a mangwe #Wikipedia25BW 53551 wikitext text/x-wiki Lefatshe la [[Botswana]] le tsaya tirisanommogo mo go tsa itsholelo le polotiki mo borwa jwa [[Aferika|Aforika]] ka tlhwaafalo. Le lekile go dira gore lekgotla la [[Southern African Development Community]] (SADC), le bereke mo go tsa tlhabololo itsholelo, gape le tokafaditse maiteko a go dira gore kgaolo e itirele melao fa go tsena mo go tsa tirisanommogo, go rarabolola tlhoka kutlwisisano, le boteledipele jo bo siameng. == Botsalano jwa polotiki == Mafatshe a a nang le botsalano le la Botswana mo go tsa sepolotiki: {| class="wikitable" |+ ! colspan="3" |[[Setshwantsho:Diplomatic relations of Botswana.svg|center|frameless|350x350px]] |- |# |'''Lefatshe''' |'''Kgwedi'''<ref>[https://digitallibrary.un.org/search?ln=en&as=1&m1=p&p1=Diplomatic%20relations%20between%20Botswana%20and%20...&f1=series&op1=a&m2=a&p2=&f2=&op2=a&m3=a&p3=&f3=&dt=&d1d=&d1m=&d1y=&d2d=&d2m=&d2y=&rm=&sf=year&so=a&rg=50&c=United%20Nations%20Digital%20Library%20System&of=hb&fti=0&fti=0 "Diplomatic relations between Botswana and ..."] United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |1 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the United Kingdom (3-5).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[United Kingdom]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro<ref name=":1">''The Diplomatic Service List''. Great Britain. Diplomatic Service Administration Office. 1970. pp.&nbsp;136–149.</ref> |- |2 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Japan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Japan]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220801145836/https://guardiansun.co.bw/News/botswana-and-japan-celebrate-50-years-of-diplomatic-relations "Botswana And Japan Celebrate 50 Years of Diplomatic Relations".] [[Botswana Guardian|''Botswana Guardian''.]] 5 August 2016. Archived from [https://guardiansun.co.bw/News/botswana-and-japan-celebrate-50-years-of-diplomatic-relations the original] on 1 August 2022. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |3 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[United States of America]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro<ref>[https://history.state.gov/countries/all "All Countries".] ''Office of the Historian''. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |4 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Germany.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Germany]] |Phalane a rogwa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro<ref>[https://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/de/service/laender/botsuana-node/botsuana-219506 "Botsuana: Steckbrief".] ''Auswärtiges Amt'' (in German). Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |5 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Zambia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Zambia]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro<ref name=":0">''Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997''. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999. pp.&nbsp;82–87.</ref> |- |6 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of France.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[France]] |Tlhakole a le malatsi a mabedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le bosupa<ref>[https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr "Liste Chronologique des Ambassadeurs, Envoyés Extraordinaires, Ministres Plénipotentiaires et Chargés D'Affaires de France à L'Étranger Depuis 1945"] (PDF) (in French). p.&nbsp;44.</ref> |- |7 |[[Setshwantsho:War Flag of the Philippines.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Philippines]] |Tlhakole a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>[https://x.com/DFAPHL/status/828400555722756096 "Today we celebrate 50 years of formal diplomatic relations with Botswana!".] 6 February 2017. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |8 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Israel.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Israel]] |Motsheganong a le masome mabedi le bone ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>[https://www.sundaystandard.info/outspoken-botswana-loses-its-voice-on-israel/ "Outspoken Botswana loses its voice on Israel".] ''Sunday Standard''. 3 November 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20231103014414/https://www.sundaystandard.info/outspoken-botswana-loses-its-voice-on-israel/ Archived] from the original on 3 November 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |9 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Malawi.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Malawi]] |Phukwi a rogwa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>''Report''. Malawi. Police Force. 1968. p.&nbsp;2.</ref> |- |10 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the Netherlands.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Netherlands]] |Phatwe a le lesome, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>''Jaarboek van het Departement van Buitenlandse Zaken Volumes 86-90'' (in Dutch). Netherlands. Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken. 1967. p.&nbsp;152.</ref> |- |11 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Switzerland.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Switzerland]] |Phatwe a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>[https://dodis.ch/32532 "Ernennung eines schweizerischen Botschafters in Botswana und Lesotho. Sitz in Pretoria".] ''dodis.ch'' (in German). 22 August 1967. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |12 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Ethiopia (1996–2009).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Ethiopia]] |Phalane a le lesome le borobabongwe ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le bosupa<ref name=":0" /> |- |13 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Kenya.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Kenya]] |Phalane a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a le marataro le bosupa<ref name=":0" /> |- |14 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Norway.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Norway]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robbaongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>[https://www.regjeringen.no/globalassets/departementene/ud/vedlegg/protokoll/diplomatiske_forbindelser.pdf "Norges opprettelse af diplomatiske forbindelser med fremmede stater"] (PDF). ''regjeringen.no'' (in Norwegian). 27 April 1999. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |15 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Sweden.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Sweden]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marararo le borobabobedi.<ref>[https://gupea.ub.gu.se/bitstreams/c2f5a602-de12-4d98-b2c4-11de6ac633b9/download "Sveriges statskalender 1969"] (in Swedish). p.&nbsp;46. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |16 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of South Korea.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[South Korea]] |Moranang a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabobedi<ref>[https://www.mofa.go.kr/eng/nation/m_4902/list.do "Countries & Regions"]. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |17 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Austria.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Austria]] |Morule a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabobedi<ref>''Standard Encyclopaedia of Southern Africa, Capetown Volume 2''. 1970. p.&nbsp;458. <q>Austrian Ambassador , Paul Zedwitz , presenting his credentials to Sir Seretse Khama , 5 Dec. 1968 . at Gaberones</q></ref><ref>''Diplomatic, Consular and International Organisations List''. Republic of Botswana. 1971. p.&nbsp;1. <q>5.12.68 His Excellency Dr. Paul Zedtwitz, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Republic of Austria (Resident in Pretoria).</q></ref> |- |18 | [[Setshwantsho:Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Canada]] |Morule a le lesome le borobabongwe ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabobedi<ref>Linwood, DeLong (January 2020). [https://www.cgai.ca/a_guide_to_canadian_diplomatic_relations_1925_2019 "A Guide to Canadian Diplomatic Relations 1925-2019".] Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |19 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Nigeria.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Nigeria]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le bone ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref>''Kutlwano, 9-10''. Bechuanaland Protectorate. Information Branch, Botswana. Information Services. 1974. p.&nbsp;4.</ref> |- |20 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the Czech Republic.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Czech Republic]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a mabedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref name=":0" /> |- |21 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Russia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Russia]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref>''Africa Quarterly''. Vol.&nbsp;10. Indian Centre for Africa. 1970. p.&nbsp;37.</ref> |- |22 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Denmark.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Denmark]] |Motsheganong a le lesome le bobedi ngwaga wa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref>''[https://slaegtsbibliotek.dk/910992.pdf Kongelig Dansk Hof- og Statskalender 1971]'' (PDF) (in Danish). 1971. p.&nbsp;23.</ref> |- |23 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Serbia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Serbia]] |Lwetse a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref>Presse, Agence France (1970). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=Muo0AQAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y Africa]''. Agence France-Presse. p.&nbsp;32.</ref> |- |24 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Italy.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Italia]] |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/281137451918748/photos/a.292204164145410/1151053924927092/?type=3&_rdr "Dr. Filippo Scammacca Del Murgo e Dell Agnone presented his credentials to Dr. Sertese Khama Ian Khama".] ''Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Botswana in Facebook''. 16 March 2016. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |25 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Romania.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Romania]] |Phalane a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le motso<ref>[https://www.mae.ro/en/node/2187 "Diplomatic Relations of Romania".] Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |26 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Belgium (civil).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Belgium]] |Ngwanatsele a le malatsi a robabongwe, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le motso<ref>''Diplomatic, Consular and International Organisations List''. Republic of Botswana. 1971. p.&nbsp;2.</ref> |- |27 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Tanzania.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Tanzania]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bobedi |- |28 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of India.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[India]] |Morule a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bobedi<ref>''Asia & Africa Review''. Vol.&nbsp;12. Independent Publishing Company. 1972. p.&nbsp;15.</ref> |- |29 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Egypt.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Egypt]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a supa, masome a supa le boraro<ref>''ARR, Arab Report and Record''. Vol.&nbsp;1–18, 21–24. 1973. p.&nbsp;7.</ref> |- |30 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Lesotho.svg|frameless|30x30px]][[Lesotho]] |Moranang ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le boraro<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230623071827/https://istmat.org/files/uploads/55959/003_zarubezhnye_strany.pdf "Ежегодник Большой Советской Энциклопедии. 1974. Выпуск восемнадцатый: Зарубежные страны"] (PDF) (in Russian). p.&nbsp;322. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 June 2023. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |31 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Australia (converted).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Australia]] |Phukwi a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le boraro<ref>''Facts and Figures of Australia at War''. Vol.&nbsp;119. Australian News and Information Bureau, Department of the Interior. 1973. p.&nbsp;95.</ref> |- |32 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of North Korea (March 2026-).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[North Korea]] (e seegetswe kwa thoko ka nakwana) |Morule a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bone<ref>[https://ghostarchive.org/archive/2rX2V "DPRK Diplomatic Relations"] (PDF). NCNK. 2016. pp.&nbsp;8–9. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |33 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[China]] |Firikgong a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le botlhano<ref>[https://www.mfa.gov.cn/web/system/index_17321.shtml "Joint Communique Regarding the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations Between the People's Republic of China and the Republic of Botswana".] 25 April 2002. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |34 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Ghana.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Ghana]] |Phalane a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le botlhano<ref>[https://gna.org.gh/2025/05/botswana-delegation-visits-ghana-to-study-transformative-tvet-framework-and-policies/ "Botswana Delegation Visits Ghana to Study Transformative TVET Framework and Policies".] 11 May 2025. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |35 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Guyana.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Guyana]] |Phalane a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le botlhano<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20191224073504/http://www.minfor.gov.gy/diplomatic-relations/ "Diplomatic relations".] Archived from the original on 24 December 2019. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |36 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Mexico.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Mexico]] |Morule a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le botlhano<ref>''Informe de labores – Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores'' (in Spanish). Mexico. Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores. 1976. pp.&nbsp;26 and 36–37.</ref> |- |37 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Mozambique.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Mozambique]] |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le botlhano<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/281137451918748/photos/the-high-commissioner-of-mozambique-his-excellency-domingos-fernades-presenting-/1125072150858603/ "The High Commissioner of Mozambique, His Excellency Domingos Fernades presenting his Letters of Credence to the President of Botswana, His Excellency Lt. Gen. Dr. Seretse Khama Ian Khama, on 2 February 2016"]. 4 February 2016. Retrieved 14 July 2026&#x2013; via Facebook.</ref> |- |38 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Eswatini.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Eswatini]] |Motsheganong a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le borataro<ref>''Directory of the Diplomatic Corps and International Organizations''. Botswana, Botswana. Office of the President. External Affairs. 1978. p.&nbsp;3.</ref> |- |39 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Libya.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Libya]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le bosupa<ref>''ARR: Arab Report and Record''. Economic Features, Limited. 1977. p.&nbsp;165.</ref> |- |40 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Luxembourg.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Luxemborg|Luxembourg]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bosupa<ref>[https://aei.pitt.edu/52731/1/B0795.pdf "CORPS DIPLOMATIQUE accrédité auprès des Communautés européennes"] (PDF) (in French). 30 September 1977. pp.&nbsp;1, 29. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref><ref>[[iarchive:in.ernet.dli.2015.146909/page/n926/mode/1up|''The Europa Year Book 1978 A World Survey Vol.-i''. Europa]] Publication Limited. 1978.</ref> |- |41 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Cuba.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Cuba]] |Morule a robabongwe ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le bosupa<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220707064931/https://www.minrex.gob.cu/es/node/1944 "Firman Cuba y Botswana acuerdo de cooperación en sector de Salud"] (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |42 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Argentina.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Argentina]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabobedi |- |43 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Greece (1970–1975).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Greece]] |Moranang a le lesome ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le borobabobedi |- |44 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Finland.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Finland]] |Phukwi a rogwa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabobedi<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180330044440/http://formin.finland.fi/Public/default.aspx?nodeid=17195&contentlan=2&culture=en-US "Countries and regions A–Z"]. Archived from the original on 30 March 2018. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |45 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Poland.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Poland]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabobedi |- |46 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Algeria.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Algeria]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabongwe<ref>Slimane Chikh (1980). ''Le Maghreb et l'Afrique subsaharienne'' (in French). Editions du Centre national de la recherche scientifique. p.&nbsp;10. <q>Botswana (30/11/79) Mohamed Chellali Khouri</q></ref> |- |47 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Angola.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Angola]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi<ref>''Sub-Saharan Africa Report Issues 2243-2247''. United States. Foreign Broadcast Information Service. 1980. p.&nbsp;7. <q>7 Mar 80 ] ANGOLA - BOTSWANA DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS -- The governments of Botswana and Angola have decided to establish diplomatic relations .</q></ref> |- |48 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Portugal (official).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Portugal]] |Moranang a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi<ref>[https://portaldiplomatico.mne.gov.pt/relacoesbilaterais/paises "Países".] ''Portal Diplomático'' (in Portuguese). Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |49 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Hungary.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Hungary]] |Moranang a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi<ref>''Hungary – Page 170''. Pannonia Press, 1980</ref> |- |50 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Turkey.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Turkey]] |Firikgong a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le motso |- |51 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Spain (1785–1873, 1875–1931).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Spain]] |Moranang a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe ngwaga wa Sekete makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le motso<ref>[https://www.exteriores.gob.es/es/Comunicacion/Paginas/Ficha.aspx "Ficha de paises y territorios"] (in Spanish). Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |52 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Jamaica.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Jamaica]] |Motsheganong a le malatsi a mane ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le bobedi |- |53 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Bulgaria.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Bulgaria]] |Phatwe a le lesome le borataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le bobedi<ref>''Keesing's Contemporary Archives – Page 32055''. Keesing's Limited., 1983.</ref> |- |54 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Albania.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Albania]] |Phatwe a le masome a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le bobedi<ref>''Keesing's Contemporary Archives – Page 32055''. Keesing's Limited., 1983.</ref> |- |55 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Zimbabwe.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Zimbabwe]] |Motsheganong a le masome mararo le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robaongwe, masome a robabobedi le boraro<ref>''Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997''. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999. p.&nbsp;103</ref> |- |56 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Bangladesh.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Bangladesh]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le boraro<ref>''News Review on South Asia and Indian Ocean''. Institute for Defence Studies & Analyses., 1983. p.&nbsp;442.</ref> |- |57 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Brazil.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Brazil]] |Lwetse a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le botlhano |- |58 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Thailand.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Thailand]] |Ngwanatsele e a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le botlhano<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240816013201/https://www.mfa.go.th/th/content-category/5d5bcb4e15e39c3060006875 "อเมริกาและแปซิฟิก"] (in Thai). Archived from [https://www.mfa.go.th/th/content-category/5d5bcb4e15e39c3060006875 the original] on 16 August 2024. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |59 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Iraq (2008).png|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Iraq]] |Phukwi a le lesome ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borataro<ref>''[https://archive.org/details/jprs-report_jprs-ssa-86-086/page/n13/mode/1up?q=credentials Sub-Saharan Africa Report]''. United States Joint Publications Research Service. 18 August 1986. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |60 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Pakistan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Pakistan]] |Phatwe a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borataro<ref>''Pakistan Horizon – Volume 39''. Pakistan Institute of International Affairs. 1986. p.&nbsp;108.</ref> |- |61 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of New Zealand.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[New Zealand]] |ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le bosupa<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090122004704/http://www.mfat.govt.nz/Embassies/3-NZ-Ambassadors/countries-b.php "New Zealand Heads of Overseas Missions – B".] ''mfat.govt.nz''. Archived from the original on 22 January 2009.</ref> |- |62 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Seychelles.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Seychelles]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi |- |63 |[[Setshwantsho:State flag of Iran (1964–1980).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Iran]] |Lwetse ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi<ref>''Directory of Iranian Officials''. 1991. p.&nbsp;69.</ref> |- |64 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Vanuatu (official).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Vanuatu]] |Ngwanatsele a rogwa, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240925183844/https://mfaicet.gov.vu/images/documents/VANUATU_NATIONAL_FOREIGN_POLICY.pdf "Vanuatu Diplomatic Relations"] (PDF). ''mfaicet.gov.vu''. p.&nbsp;50. Archived from [https://mfaicet.gov.vu/images/documents/VANUATU_NATIONAL_FOREIGN_POLICY.pdf the original] (PDF) on 25 September 2024. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |65 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Uganda.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Uganda]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a robabongwe, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe<ref name=":3">''Diplomatic List 1995''. Botswana, Botswana. Department of Foreign Affairs. 1995. pp.&nbsp;xiii.</ref> |- |66 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Gran Colombia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Colombia]] |Moranang a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe |- |67 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Somalia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Somalia]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe<ref name=":3" /> |- |68 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Iceland.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Iceland]] |Moranang a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe<ref>Thorsteinsson, Pétur J. (1992). ''Utanríkisþjónusta Íslands og utanríkismál: sögulegt yfirlit'' (in Icelandic). pp.&nbsp;1065–1066.</ref> |- |69 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Namibia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Namibia]] |Phukwi a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe<ref>Mushelenga, Samuel Abraham Peyavali (2008). [https://uir.unisa.ac.za/service-interruption.html?sequence=4&isAllowed=y "Foreign policy-making in Namibia : the dynamics of the smallness of a state"] (PDF). pp.&nbsp;254–259.</ref> |- |70 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Malaysia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Malaysia]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe<ref>[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=oVrVK2ElINMC&dq=26+Nov.+1990+Diplomatic+relations+are+established+with+Malaysia&pg=PA108&redir_esc=y ''Southern African Political History A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997''.] Greenwood Press. 1999. p.&nbsp;108. ISBN&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780313302473|<bdi>9780313302473</bdi>.]] Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |71 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Tunisia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Tunisia]] |Ngwanatsele a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bobedi |- |72 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Singapore.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Singapore]] |Phatwe a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le boraro<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230314222839/https://www.mfa.gov.sg/Overseas-Missions/-/media/D74B3129AEFA44BB8FC411746F005489.ashx "Diplomatic & consular list".] ''Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Singapore''. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |73 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of South Africa.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Aforika Borwa]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bone<ref>[https://omalley.nelsonmandela.org/index.php/site/q/03lv02167/04lv02168/05lv02169.htm "1994".] ''The O’Malley archive''. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |74 |[[Setshwantsho:Kuwait flag 300.png|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Kuwait]] |Seetebosigo a le lesome ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le borataro<ref>''Daily Report: Africa (Sub-Sahara)''. Vol.&nbsp;96. Foreign Broadcast Information Service. 1996. <q>Botswana: Diplomatic Relations With Kuwait Established</q></ref> |- |75 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Ireland.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Ireland]] |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le borataro<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/281137451918748/photos/the-minister-of-international-affairs-and-cooperation-speaks-with-the-irish-mini/3338393609526435/ "The Minister of International Affairs And Cooperation Speaks with the Irish Minister of Foreign Affairs And Trade".] 1 June 2020. Retrieved 15 July 2026 &#x2013; via Facebook.</ref> |- |76 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Chile.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Chile]] |Phalane a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bosupa<ref>"Reseña histórica de la presencia chilena en África" (in Spanish). p.&nbsp;6. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |77 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Trinidad and Tobago]] |Motsheganong a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi |- |78 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Slovakia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Slovakia]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe, ngwaga wa dikete pedi le motso<ref>[https://www.mzv.sk/staty "Štáty a teritóriá"] (in Slovak). Retrieved 16 July 2026</ref> |- |79 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Mauritius.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Mauritius]] |Moranang a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bobedi<ref>''Diplomatic List''. Botswana. Department of Foreign Affairs. 2003. p.&nbsp;111.</ref> |- |80 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Latvia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Latvia]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le boraro<ref>[https://www.mfa.gov.lv/en/dates-establishment-and-renewal-diplomatic-relations "Dates of establishment and renewal of diplomatic relations".] ''mfa.gov.lv''. 1 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |81 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Estonia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Estonia]] |Seetebosigo a le malatsi a mararo ngwaga wa dikete pedi le boraro<ref>[https://www.vm.ee/suhted-teiste-riikide-ja-organisatsioonidega/suhted-teiste-riikidega/diplomaatiliste-suhete "Diplomaatiliste suhete (taas)kehtestamise kronoloogia"] (in Estonian). 30 January 2018. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |82 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Lithuania.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Lithuania]] |Tlhakole a le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bone<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220110123939/https://jp.mfa.lt/default/en/list-of-countries-with-which-lithuania-has-established-diplomatic-relations "List of countries with which Lithuania has established diplomatic relations".] Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |83 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Ukraine.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Ukraine]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a mane ngwaga dikete pedi le bone<ref>[https://mfa.gov.ua/en/about-ukraine/bilateral-cooperation/middle-east-and-africa "Middle East and Africa". ''M'']''inistry of Foreign Affairs''. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |84 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Rwanda.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Rwanda]] |Lwetse, ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bone<ref>[https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/81051 "Rwanda Botswana relations symbiotic".] 11 August 2024. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |85 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Malta.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Malta]] |Firikgong a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20211224125943/https://foreignandeu.gov.mt/en/Treaties%20Series/Pages/Treaties%20Documents/Botswana---Agreement-on-the-establishment-of-Diplomatic-Relations-between-the-Republic-of-Malta-and-the-Republic-of-Botswan.aspx "Botswana – Agreement on the establishment of Diplomatic Relations between the Republic of Malta and the Republic of Botswana".] Archived from [https://foreign.gov.mt/ the original] on 24 December 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |86 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Cyprus (1960–2006).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Cyprus]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano |- |87 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Morocco.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Morocco]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano |- |88 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Slovenia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Slovenia]] |Phukwi a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano |- |89 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Madagascar.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Madagascar]] |Phatwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170220194957/https://newsmada.com/2017/02/15/cooperation-le-botswana-sinteresse-a-la-grande-ile "Coopération : le Botswana s'intéresse à la Grande île".] ''newsmada.com'' (in French). 15 February 2017. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20170220194957/https://newsmada.com/2017/02/15/cooperation-le-botswana-sinteresse-a-la-grande-ile the original] on 20 February 2017. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |90 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Croatia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Croatia]] |Lwetse a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano<ref>[https://mvep.gov.hr/foreign-policy/bilateral-relations/date-of-recognition-and-establishment-od-diplomatic-relations/22800 "Bilateral relations – Date of Recognition and Establishment of Diplomatic Relations"]. ''Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Croatia''. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |91 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Belarus.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Belarus]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro |- |92 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[United Arab Emirates]] |Moranang a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga w dikete pedi le borataro<ref>[https://www.wam.ae/en/details/1395227642979 "UAE and Botswana establish diplomatic relations".] 29 April 2006.</ref> |- |93 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the Bahamas.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Bahamas]] |Motsheganong ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro<ref>[http://www.bahamasuncensored.com/ConsCorpsXmas06_MFA.html "Mitchell addresses Diplomats Christmas Luncheon".] 13 December 2006. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |94 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Dominican Republic]] |Phalane a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20171004004739/http://enlacecongreso.mirex.gob.do/ecc/Lists/Establecimiento%20de%20Relaciones%20Diplomticas/AllItems.aspx "Establecimiento De Relaciones Diplomáticas"] (in Spanish). Archived from [http://enlacecongreso.mirex.gob.do/ecc/Lists/Establecimiento%20de%20Relaciones%20Diplomticas/AllItems.aspx the original] on 4 October 2017. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |95 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the Republic of the Congo.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Republic of the Congo]] |Ngwanatsele a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro |- |96 |[[Qatar]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro |- |97 |[[Equatorial Guinea]] |Morule a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro<ref>[https://minexteriores.gob.gq/wp-content/uploads/ACUERDOS-GUINEA-ECUATORIAL-BOTSUANA.pdf "Acuerdos Firmados Entre Guinea Euatorial Y Botswana"] (PDF) (in Spanish). Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |98 |[[Barbados]] |Morule a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro |- |99 |[[Gabon]] |Morule a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro |- |100 |[[Niger]] |Morule a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro |- |101 |[[Sudan]] |Firikgong a le lesome ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |102 |[[Burkina Faso]] |Firikgong a le lesome le bobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |103 |[[Benin]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |104 |[[Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |105 |[[Saudi Arabia]] |Mopitlo a rogwa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230817201141/https://sp.spa.gov.sa/viewfullstory.php?lang=en&newsid=429339 "Saudi Arabia, Botswana Establish Diplomatic Relations".] 1 March 2007. Archived from [https://sp.spa.gov.sa/viewfullstory.php?lang=en&newsid=429339 the original] on 17 August 2023. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |106 |[[Burundi]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |107 |[[Djibouti]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130818144121/http://www.djibdiplomatie.dj/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=439&Itemid=17 "Etat des relations".] ''Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres et de la Cooperation Internationale Djibouti'' (in French). Archived from [http://www.djibdiplomatie.dj/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=439&Itemid=17 the original] on 18 August 2013. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |108 |[[Guinea]] |Moranang a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |109 |[[Uruguay]] |Motsheganong a le malatsi a mane ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa<ref>''Keesing's Contemporary Archives – Page 32055''. Keesing's Limited., 1983.</ref> |- |110 |[[Guatemala]] |Motsheganong a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |111 |[[Mauritania]] |Motsheganong a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |112 |[[Ecuador]] |Seetebosigo a le malatsi a mane ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |113 |[[Mali]] |Seetebosigo a le malatis a matlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |114 |[[Ivory Coast]] |Seetebosigo a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |115 |[[Venezuela]] |Phukwi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |116 |[[Paraguay]] |Phukwi a le lesome le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |117 |[[Honduras]] |Phukwi a le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |118 |[[Dominica]] |Phukwi a le masome mabedi le boraro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |119 |[[Nicaragua]] |Phatwe a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |120 |[[Costa Rica]] |Lwetse a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa<ref>[https://x.com/CRcancilleria/status/1304499050432135172 "Celebramos 13 años de relaciones diplomáticas con la República de Botsuana y Costa rica"] (in Spanish). 11 September 2020.</ref> |- |121 |[[Antigua and Barbuda]] |Morule a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |122 |[[Suriname]] |Morule a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |123 |[[Belize]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabobedi<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20161222155933/http://www.mofaic.gov.bw/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=134:bilateral-relations-b&catid=2&Itemid=43 "Bilateral Relations: B".] Botswana: Ministry of Foreign Affairs & International Cooperation. Archived from [http://www.mofaic.gov.bw/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=134:bilateral-relations-b&catid=2&Itemid=43 the original] on 22 December 2016. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |124 |[[Bosnia and Herzegovina]] |Lwetse a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabobedi |- |125 |[[Sri Lanka]] |Phalane a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabobedi |- |126 |[[Holy See]] |Ngwanatsele a le malatsi a mane ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabobedi<ref>[https://holyseemission.org/contents/mission/diplomatic-relations-of-the-holy-see.php "Diplomatic relations of the Holy See"]. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |127 |[[Nepal]] |Firikgong a le malatsi a robabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe |- |128 |[[Vietnam]] |Tlhakole a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe |- |129 |[[Saint Kitts and nevis]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe |- |130 |[[North Macedonia]] |Lwetse a le malatsi a mane ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe |- |131 |[[Panama]] |Morule a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe |- |132 |[[Georgia]] |Firikgong a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |133 |[[Samoa]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |134 |[[Guinea-Bissau]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |135 |[[Montenegro]] |Phukwi a le lesome le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |136 |[[Liberia]] |Lwetse a le masome mabedi le motso ngwagawa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |137 |[[Solomon Islands]] |Ngwanatsele a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |138 |[[Papua New Guinea]] |Ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |139 |[[Monaco]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le motso |- |140 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Fiji.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Fiji]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le motso |- |141 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of South Sudan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[South Sudan]] |Phukwi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le motso |- |142 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Indonesia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Indonesia]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bobedi |- |143 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Chad.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Chad]] |Tlhakole a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le botlhano |- |144 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Sierra Leone.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Sierra Leone]] |Tlhakole a le leome le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le botlhano |- |145 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Senegal.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Senegal]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le botlhano |- |146 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Palestine.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[State of Palestine]] |Mopitlo a robabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bosupa |- |147 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic]] |Motsheganong a le masome mararo le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le borobabobedi |- |148 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the Comoros.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Comoros]] |Lwetse a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabobedi |- |149 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Togo (3-2).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Togo]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le motso |- |150 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the Central African Republic.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Central African Republic]] |Phalane a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le motso<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/lepotentielcentrafricain/posts/2944388082541603/?locale=hi_IN&_rdr "L'ambassadeur Nzapayeke est accredite aupres de la Republique du Botswana".] ''Le Potentiel Centrafricain.com'' (in French). Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |151 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] |Tlhakole a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/BWPresidency/videos/arrival-of-ambassador-designate-mrs-emillie-a-mushobekwa-of-the-democratic-repub/525396969660843/ "Arrival of Ambassador Designate Mrs Emillie A. Mushobekwa of the Democratic Republic of Congo, for Presentation of Letters of Credence at the Office of The President, Gaborone".] 9 February 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2026 &#x2013; via Facebook.</ref> |- |152 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Mongolia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Mongolia]] |Morule a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro |- |153 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Saint Lucia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Saint Lucia]] |Morule a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro |- |154 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Tajikistan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Tajikistan]] |Morule a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro |- |155 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Laos.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Laos]] |Morule a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro |- |156 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Maldives.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Maldives]] |Morule a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro |- |157 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Armenia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Armenia]] |Morule a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro<ref>[https://armenpress.am/en/article/1126252 "Diplomatic relations established between Armenia and Botswana".] ''[[:en:Armenpress|Armenpress]]''. 14 December 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |158 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of The Gambia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[The Gambia]] |Tlhakole a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le bone<ref>[https://www.instagram.com/bwpresidency/p/C3S5SkFNZDZ/?img_index=1 "President Masisi recieves &#x5B;sic&#x5D; letters of credence from ambassador designates".] ''bwpresidency''. 13 February 2024. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |159 |[[Setshwantsho:Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Bolivia]] |Phatwe a rogwa ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le bone |- |160 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Turkey.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Uzbekistan]] |Lwetse a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le bone<ref>[https://www.tengritimes.com/en/post/uzbekistan-establishes-diplomatic-relations-with-another-african-country-botswana "Uzbekistan establishes diplomatic relations with another African country - Botswana".] ''Times Tenrgi''. 26 September 2024. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |161 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Liechtenstein.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Liechtenstein]] |Ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le bone<ref>[https://www.llv.li/serviceportal2/amtsstellen/stabstelle-regierungskanzlei/rechenschaftsbericht-2024.pdf "Landtag, Regierung und Gerichte 2024"] (PDF) (in German). 2025. p.&nbsp;153.</ref> |- |162 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Kyrgyzstan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Kyrgyzstan]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le botlhano<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=1063928925778499&id=100064842032316&_rdr "Botswana and Kyrgyz Republic establish diplomatic relations".] ''Ministry of International Relations, Botswana on Facebook''. 5 March 2025. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |163 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Oman.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Oman]] |Phalane a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le botlhano |- |164 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Turkmenistan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Turkmenistan]] |Phalane a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le botlhano |- |165 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Kazakhstan]] |Phalane a le masome mararo ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome mabedi le botlhano |- |166 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Azerbaijan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Azerbaijan]] |Ngwanatsele a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le botlhano |- |167 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Cape Verde (10-17).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Cape Verde]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome mabedi le borataro<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/Presidencia.cv/posts/pfbid02pbCw2AhzDQwXmCuRaA6VwH5s23rDvgJ2B25jsnAdgBrWz7T1QYTJvxUVS3xvnjKyl "PR recebe Cartas Credenciais da nova Embaixadora de Botswana".] ''Presidência da República de Cabo Verde'' (in Portuguese). 25 February 2026. Retrieved 13 July 2026.</ref> |- |168 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of El Salvador.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[El Salvador]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le borataro |- |169 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Moldova.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Moldova]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le borataro |- |170 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Bahrain.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Bahrain]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mararo ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le borataro<ref>[https://www.bna.bh/en/BahrainBotswanaestablishdiplomaticrelations.aspx?cms=q8FmFJgiscL2fwIzON1%2bDpZCGkNlmsjjveUvx%2fDgvs4%3d "Bahrain, Botswana establish diplomatic relations".] ''Bahrain News Agency''. 30 June 2026. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |} == Botsalano gareng ga mafatshe a mabedi == {| class="wikitable" |+ !Lefatshe !Tshimologo ya botsalano !Dintlha |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Australia (converted).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Australia]] |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le boraro | *Lefatshe la [[Australia]] le amogetswe ke la Botswana go tswa kwa ofising ya boemedi kwa [[Pretoria (Pitori)]], [[Aforika Borwa]], ka |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[China]] |Firikgong a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le botlhano |Mafatshe a mabedi a dirile botsalano ka Firikgong a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le botlhano<ref>[https://www.mfa.gov.cn/ "Joint Communique Regarding the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations Between the People's Republic of China and the Republic of Botswana (MFA People's Republic of China)".]</ref> Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le China]] * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Beijing * Lefatshe la China le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Greece (1970–1975).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Greece]] |Moranang a le lesome ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabobedi |Mafatshe o o mabedi a dirile botsalano ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabobedi kgwedi ya Moranang e le lesome<ref>[https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1486125?ln=en "Diplomatic relations between Greece and Botswana as of 10 Apr. 1978 (UN Digital Library)".] 10 April 1978.</ref> * Lefatshe la Botswana le dumeletswe ke la Greece go dirisa diofisi kgolo tsa kemedi ya sennela ruri kwa Geneva, Switzerland * Lefatshe la Greece le dumeletswe ke la Botswana go dirisa diofisi tsa kemedi kwa Pretoria, Aforika Borwa.<ref>[https://www.mfa.gr/en/bilateral-relations/botswana/ "Greece's Bilateral Relations".]</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of India.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[India]] |Firkgong a le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa sekete, amkgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bobedi |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le India]] * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa [[New Dehli]] * Lefatshe la India le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Indonesia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Indonesia]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bobedi |Mafatshe a ka bobedi a tlhamile botsalano ka Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borobaobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bobedi * Leaftshe la Botswana le dumeletswe ke la Indonesia go dirisia diofisi tse di kwa Canberra, Australia<ref>[https://kemlu.go.id/portal/en/kedutaan "Missions &#x7C; Portal Kementerian Luar Negeri Republik Indonesia".]</ref> * Lefatshe al Indonesia le dumeletswe ke la Botswana go dirisa ofisi ya lne e e kwa Pretoria, Aforika Borwa<ref>[https://kemlu.go.id/portal/en/kedutaan "Missions &#x7C; Portal Kementerian Luar Negeri Republik Indonesia".]</ref><ref>[https://kemlu.go.id/pretoria/en "Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia Pretoria Accredited to the Republic of Botswana, Kingdom of Eswatini, and the Kingdom of Lesotho South Africa"].</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Israel.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Israel]] | |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le Israel]] * Lefatshe la Botswana le dumeletswe ke la Israel go nna le diofisi kwa London, United Kingdom * Lefatshe la Israel le dumeletswe ke la Botswana go dirisa diofisi tsa lone kwa Pretoria, Aforika Borwa |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Kenya.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Kenya]] |Phalane a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe,masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>''Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997''. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999. p.&nbsp;83.</ref> |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le Kenya]] * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya moemedi kwa [[Nairobi]] * Lefatshe la Kenya le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Mexico.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Mexico]] |Morule a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le botlhano |Mafatshe o o mabedi a dirile botsalano jwa polotiki ka Morule a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le botlhano.<ref>[https://centrogilbertobosques.senado.gob.mx/docs/NI_Nombramientos_Senado_270218.pdf "Nombramientos Diplomáticos De Reciente Ingreso Al Senado De La Republica En Africa,el Caribe Y Europa Page 8]" (PDF). [https://ghostarchive.org/archive/DgAjG Archived] (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.</ref> * Lefatshe la Botswana le dumeletswe ke la Mexico kwa ofising ya lone kwa Washinton D.C kwa United States le na le ofisi kwa toropo ya Mexico City<ref>[https://www.botswanaembassy.org/ "Welcome to Embassy of the Republic of Botswana in Washington, D.C. | Embassy of the Republic of Botswana in Washington, D.C."] ''botswanaembassy.org''. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> * Lefatshe la Botswana le dumeletswe ke ofisi ya lone kwa Pretoria Aforika Borwa.<ref>[https://embamex.sre.gob.mx/sudafrica/ "Inicio".] ''embamex.sre.gob.mx''. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Namibia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Namibia]] |Lwetse a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le Namibia]] Botsalano jwa Botswana le Namibia ke jwa kutlwano, mafatshe a mabedi a a mabapi a, a dirisana mo go tsa tlhabololo itsholelo. Lefatshe la Botswana le tsere boipuso go tswa mo go la Britain ka Lwetse ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro. Lefatshe la Namibia le stere boipuso mo go la Aforika Borwa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe morago ga ntwa ya molelwane ya Aforika Borwa. * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa [[Windhoek]] * Lefatshe la Namibia le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of North Korea (March 2026-).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[North Korea]] |Morule a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bone, <ref>[https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.ncnk.org/sites/default/files/issue-briefs/DPRK_Diplo_Relations_August2016.pdf "DPRK Diplomatic Relations"] (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.</ref> mme ga emisiwa ka Tlhakole a le lesome le borobabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bone<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=586061304809865&id=148228411926492 "Botswana Severs Ties With Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea)"] &#x2013; via Facebook.</ref> |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le North Korea]] |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Oman.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Oman]] |Phalane a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le botlhano |Bona Botsalano jwa Botswana le Oman Mafatshe a mabedi a dirile botsalano ka Phalane a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le botlhano.<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/MinistryofInternationalAffairsBW/posts/botswana-establishes-diplomatic-relations-with-the-sultanate-of-oman-on-14th-oct/1246185160886207/ "Botswana establishes diplomatic relations with the Sultanate of Oman"]. ''Ministry of International Relations, Botswana''. 16 October 2025. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> * Ka Moranang a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le borataro, tautona [[Duma Boko]] o ne a sireletsa ditumalano le Oman tsa go sekaseka ditswammung, dikago tsa go baya lookwane, le kgothetso.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/climate-energy/botswana-signs-energy-mineral-exploration-deals-with-oman-2026-04-13/ "Botswana signs energy and mineral exploration deals with Oman"]. ''Reuters''. 13 April 2026. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> * Lefatshe la Botswana le itsisitse ka maano a lone a go bula ofisi ya boemedi kwa Muscat.<ref>[https://www.fm.gov.om/en/42099/ "Botswana confirms plans to open an embassy in Muscat".] ''Foreign Ministry of Oman''. 13 April 2026. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Russia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Russia]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, le masome a supa |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le Russia]] Lefatshe la Botswana le Soviet Union a ne a tlhama botsalano jwa sepolotiki ka Mopitlo a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, le masome a supa. Le ntswa le utlwana le mafatshe a bophirima, lefatshe la Botswana le ne la tsaya karolo mo metshamekong ya Olympics ya selemo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi. Botsalano jwa gompieno gareng ga mafatshe a mabedi bo supiwa bo le lorato ebile bo tswa bogologolong. Ka Mopitlo, mafatshe a mabedi a ne a ipelela dingwaga di le masome a mararo le botlhano a ntse a utlwana. Go ya ka tona wa mafatshe a sele, lefatshe la Russia ke lengwe la mafatshe a ntlha go nna le botsalano jo bo tletseng jwa sepolotiki le Botswana.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170202131955/http://www.botswana.mid.ru/articles_relations_e_09.html "We Must Exploit Russia's Potential".] Archived from [http://www.botswana.mid.ru/articles_relations_e_09.html the original] on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> Tirisanommogo ya kgwebo le itsholelo gareng ga mafatshe a Russia le Botswana e supiwa ke tumalano ya kgwebo ya ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bosupa le tumalano ya itsholelo le setegeniki ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi. Puso ya Russian Federation le puso ya Botswana di ne tsa baya monwana tumalano ya ngwao, maranyane le thuto ka Lwetse ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe. Mafatshe a Russia le Botswana a nnile le tirisanommogo e e duleng maduo mo dikarolong tse di farologaneng, bogolojang mo go tlhabololeng babereki. Lefatshe la Russia le santse le e fa Batswana sebaka sa go ithutela kwa lefatsheng la bone mo dikarolong tsa botlhokwa di tshwana le botsogo, mohama o o itemogelang tlhaelo ya babereki e e kwa godimo. Lefatshe la Botswana ke lengwe la mafatshe a banni ba Russia ba sa tlhokeng teseletso ya mosepele go ya kwa go lone. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090329052738/http://www.botswana.mid.ru/relations_e.html "Botswana-Russia relations".] Archived from [http://www.botswana.mid.ru/relations_e.html the original] on 29 March 2009. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref>Lefatshe la Russia le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone, fa la Botswana le le ka fa tlase ga ofisi e e kwa Stockholm (Sweden) le ofisi kwa Moscow. |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of South Africa.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Aforika Borwa]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bone |Mafatshe a ka bobedi jwa one a dirile notsalano jwa sepolotiki ka Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bone. Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le Aforika Borwa]] * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa [[Pretoria (Pitori)]] le mookamedi wa kakaretso kwa [[Cape Town]] le [[Johannesburg]] * Lefatshe la Aforika Borwa le na le ofisi ya kemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of South Korea.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[South Korea]] |Moranang a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabobedi |Go tlhamiwa ga botsalano jwa sepolotiki gareng ga Republic of Korea le Republic of Botswana go simologile ka Moranang a robabobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabobedi.<ref>[https://www.mofa.go.kr/eng/nation/m_4902/view.do?seq=133 "Countries & Regions (MFA Republic of Korea)".]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le motso palo ya batho ba South korea ba ba neng ba nna kwa Botswana e ne e le lekgolo, masome a marataro le boraro.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150904015758/http://www.mofa.go.kr/ENG/countries/middleeast/countries/20070804/1_24503.jsp?menu=m_30_50 "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Middle East and Africa"]. 4 September 2015. Archived from [http://www.mofa.go.kr/ENG/countries/middleeast/countries/20070804/1_24503.jsp?menu=m_30_50 the original] on 4 September 2015. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> Fa e sale ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bone, puso ya Botswana e ne e lemoga ROK e le yone puso ya Korea ya nnete.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150106001946/http://www.gov.bw/en/Ministries--Authorities/Ministries/Ministry-of-Foreign-Affairs-and-International-Cooperation/News/BOTSWANA-CUT-TIES-WITH-NORTH-KOREA/ "Botswana Cuts Ties with North Korea".] ''gov.bw''. Ministry of [[:en:Politics_of_Botswana|Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation]]. 20 February 2014. Archived from [https://www.gov.bw/en/Ministries--Authorities/Ministries/Ministry-of-Foreign-Affairs-and-International-Cooperation/News/BOTSWANA-CUT-TIES-WITH-NORTH-KOREA/ the original] on 6 January 2015. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Turkey.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Turkey]] |Firikgong a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le motso<ref>[https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1636698?ln=en "Diplomatic relations between Botswana and Turkey as of 20 Jan. 1981 (UN Digital Library)".] 20 January 1981.</ref> | * Kemedi ya sennela ruri ya Botswana kwa ofising ya UN kwa Geneva e tlhomamisitswe ke Turkey. * Lefatshe la Turkey le na le ofisi ya kemedi kwa Gaborone<ref name=":2">[https://www.mfa.gov.tr/default.en.mfa Relations between Turkey and Botswana".]</ref> * Madi a kgwebo gareng ga mafatshe o o mabedi e ne e le didikadike di le pedi ka ngwag wa dikete pedi, lesome le borobabongwe.<ref name=":2" /> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the United Kingdom (3-5).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[United Kingdom]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro |[[Setshwantsho:Foreign Secretary visits Botswana (6886371565).jpg|thumb|Mokwaledi wa mafatshe a sele William Hague kwa Botswana, Tlhakole ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bobedi]]Lefatshe la Botswana le simolotse botsalano le tirisanommogo le la [[United Kingdom]] ka Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robbaongwe, masome a marataro le borataro.<ref name=":1" /> * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya kemedi kwa Lontone.<ref>Diplomat Magazine (4 September 2017). "[https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/botswana/ Botswana"]. ''Diplomat Magazine''. Archived from the original on 13 May 2025. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> * Lefatshe la United Kingdom le dirisana mmogo le la Botswana ka ofisi ya kemedi kwa Gaborone.<ref>[https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-gaborone "British High Commission Gaborone".] ''[[:en:Gov.uk|GOV.UK]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240506171421/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-gaborone Archived] from the original on 6 May 2024. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> Lefatshe la UK le ne le eteletse pele la Botswana go tswa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi, masome a robabobedi le botlhano go tsena ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro, fa le tsaya boipuso. Mafatshe a ka bobedi ke maloko a mafatshe a selekanye, kgotlatshekelo ya mafatshefatshe ya molao, le lekgotla la go gweba ga mafatshe, ga mmogo le tumalano ya kopano ya itsholelo ya SACUM-UK.<ref>Bavier, Joe (11 September 2019). "[https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-britain-africa-trade-idUKKCN1VW1N5 Britain agrees post-Brexit trade deal with southern Africa]". ''Reuters''. Archived from the original on 18 February 2022. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> Mafatshe a ka bobedi jwa one a na le bokopano jwa go kgetha gabedi.<ref>[[:en:HM_Revenue_and_Customs|HM Revenue and Customs]] (3 February 2014). "[https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/botswana-tax-treaties Botswana: tax treaties]". ''GOV.UK''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20250408171729/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/botswana-tax-treaties Archived] from the original on 8 April 2025. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[USA]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a maratyaro le borataro<ref>[https://history.state.gov/countries/botswana "A Guide to the United States' History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: Botswana"].</ref> |Bona [[Botsalano jwa mafatshe a Botswana le United States]][[Setshwantsho:Embassy of Botswana, Washington, D.C..jpg|thumb|Ofisi ya Botswana kwa [[Washington, D.C.]]]]Lefatshe la United States le bona la Botswana e le mmueledi gape e le sekao sa go ritibala mo [[Aferika|Aforika]], le tswa kgakala le berekisana le la Botswana mo ditlhabololong fa e sale ka boipuso. U.S Peace corps ba ne ba boela Botswana ka Phatwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bobedi ka maikaelelo a go dira mananeo a a lebaganeng le HIV/AIDS morago ga go fetsa dingwaga tse di masome mararo a go thusa mo go tsepameng ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bosupa.Ka mo go tshwanang, USAID e ne ya emisa bokopano jwa sebaka se seleele le Botswana ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le borataro, morago ga mananeo a a atlegileng a thuto, katiso, kgwebo, go okamela tikologo, le botsogo jwa pelegi. Lefatshe la Botswana, le fa go ntse jalo, lone le mafatshe a a mabapi, le tswelela ka go anywa mo lenaneong la USAID la borwa jwa Aforika, le jaanong le leng kwa [[Pretoria (Pitori)]], le ofisi ya go phadisana ga borwa jwa Aforika ya USAID e diofisikgolo tsa yone di leng kwa Gaborone. Lekgotla la mafatshefatshe la United States la babega dikgang le na le setaitane sa Voice of America mo Botswana le le thusang bontsi jwa mafatshe a a mo Aforika. Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le botlhano, lekgotla le le laolang malwetsi la CDC le ne la simolola porojeke ya BOTUSA le kopane le lephata la [[botsogo mo Botswana]] go ntsha dintlha go tokafatsa maiteko a go laola kgotlholo e tona mo Botswana le mafatshe a mangwe ka nako ya fa kgotlholo e tona le HIV/AIDS di tlhasetse. Ka nako ya lenaneo la ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe la boeteledipele jwa U.S mo go lwantsheng segajaja, CDC ka BOTUSA e ne ya dira diporojeke tse dintsi gape e thusitse makgolta a mantsi mo go lwantsheng HIV/AIDS mo Botswana. Lefatshe la Botswana ke lengwe la mafatshe a a lesome le botlhano a lenaneo la ga tautona la tshoganyetso go lwantsha HIV, le amogetse didikadike tsa di dolara di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mararo fa e sale lenaneo leo le simolola ka Firikgong ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bone go tsena Lwetse ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa. Thuso ya PEPFAR kwa Botswana, e e neng e le madi otlhe a a kanang ka didikadike di le masome a supa le borataro kwa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa, le thusa go thibela, go alafa le go tlhokomela balwetse ba HIV/AIDS. Puso ya Botswana le ya United States ba stene mo tumalanong ka Phukwi ngwag wa dikete pedi go tlhama sekolo sa katisetso molao kwa Gaborone. Sekolo se, se dipuso tse di pataganetseng go ntsha madi a sone le go se okamela, se katisa mapodisi le matona a puso mo Aforika. Dikago tsa sekolo di kwa Otse, kwa ntle ga Gaborone, se bustwe ka Mopitlo ngwaga wa dikete pedi le boraro. Batho ba molao ba ka nna dikete tharo mo Aforika ba katisitswe mo sekolong se fa se sale se simolola go ruta ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le motso. * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa [[Washington, D.C.]] * Lefatshe la United States le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Zimbabwe.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Zimbabwe]] |Motsheganong a le masome mararo le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le boraro |Mafatshe a ka bobedi a nnile le tirisanommogo ka Motsheganong a le masome mararo le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le boraro.<ref>''Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997''. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999. p.&nbsp;103.</ref> Lefatshe la Botswana le santse le sokola ka go tswala molelwane, le tswalela dikete tsa batho ba Zimbabwe ba ba tshabang go phutlhama ga itsholelo le pogiso ya sepolotiki. Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le botlhano, batho ba Zimbabwe ba le dikete di le masome mabedi le bobedi ba ne ba tshwarwa ba bo ba busediwa gae. Dipalo tsa batho ba ba buseditsweng gae di ne tsa oketsega go nna dikete di le masome mabedi le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le borobabobedi.<ref>Dube, Mqondisi (14 August 2019). [https://www.voanews.com/a/africa_botswana-battles-influx-zimbabwean-illegal-immigrants/6173868.html "Botswana Battles Influx of Zimbabwean Illegal Immigrants"]. ''Voice of America''. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya kemedi kwa [[Harare]] * Lefatshe la Zimbabwe le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa [[Gaborone]] |} == Botswana le FOSS == Lefatshe la Botswana le sale le nna leloko la bokopano jwa mafatshe a mannye (Forum of Small States) fa setlhopha seo se tlhamiwa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a obabongwe le bobedi.<ref>''50 Years of Singapore and the United Nations''. World Scientific. 2015. ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-981-4713-03-0|978-981-4713-03-0]]</bdi>.access-date=13 July 2026</ref> == Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe == * [[Dithomo tsa botsalano jwa sepolotiki mo Botswana]] * [[Dithomo tsa botsalano jwa sepolotiki tsa Botswana]] == Metswedi == bnod0c0n3tryd64hr6e5wsw43mtn9ex 53552 53551 2026-07-29T10:55:56Z JudithShe 9421 53552 wikitext text/x-wiki Lefatshe la [[Botswana]] le tsaya tirisanommogo mo go tsa itsholelo le polotiki mo borwa jwa [[Aferika|Aforika]] ka tlhwaafalo. Le lekile go dira gore lekgotla la [[Southern African Development Community]] (SADC), le bereke mo go tsa tlhabololo itsholelo, gape le tokafaditse maiteko a go dira gore kgaolo e itirele melao fa go tsena mo go tsa tirisanommogo, go rarabolola tlhoka kutlwisisano, le boteledipele jo bo siameng. == Botsalano jwa polotiki == Mafatshe a a nang le botsalano le la Botswana mo go tsa sepolotiki: {| class="wikitable" |+ ! colspan="3" |[[Setshwantsho:Diplomatic relations of Botswana.svg|center|frameless|350x350px]] |- |# |'''Lefatshe''' |'''Kgwedi'''<ref>[https://digitallibrary.un.org/search?ln=en&as=1&m1=p&p1=Diplomatic%20relations%20between%20Botswana%20and%20...&f1=series&op1=a&m2=a&p2=&f2=&op2=a&m3=a&p3=&f3=&dt=&d1d=&d1m=&d1y=&d2d=&d2m=&d2y=&rm=&sf=year&so=a&rg=50&c=United%20Nations%20Digital%20Library%20System&of=hb&fti=0&fti=0 "Diplomatic relations between Botswana and ..."] United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |1 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the United Kingdom (3-5).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[United Kingdom]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro<ref name=":1">''The Diplomatic Service List''. Great Britain. Diplomatic Service Administration Office. 1970. pp.&nbsp;136–149.</ref> |- |2 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Japan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Japan]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220801145836/https://guardiansun.co.bw/News/botswana-and-japan-celebrate-50-years-of-diplomatic-relations "Botswana And Japan Celebrate 50 Years of Diplomatic Relations".] [[Botswana Guardian|''Botswana Guardian''.]] 5 August 2016. Archived from [https://guardiansun.co.bw/News/botswana-and-japan-celebrate-50-years-of-diplomatic-relations the original] on 1 August 2022. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |3 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[United States of America]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro<ref>[https://history.state.gov/countries/all "All Countries".] ''Office of the Historian''. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |4 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Germany.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Germany]] |Phalane a rogwa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro<ref>[https://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/de/service/laender/botsuana-node/botsuana-219506 "Botsuana: Steckbrief".] ''Auswärtiges Amt'' (in German). Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |5 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Zambia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Zambia]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro<ref name=":0">''Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997''. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999. pp.&nbsp;82–87.</ref> |- |6 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of France.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[France]] |Tlhakole a le malatsi a mabedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le bosupa<ref>[https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr "Liste Chronologique des Ambassadeurs, Envoyés Extraordinaires, Ministres Plénipotentiaires et Chargés D'Affaires de France à L'Étranger Depuis 1945"] (PDF) (in French). p.&nbsp;44.</ref> |- |7 |[[Setshwantsho:War Flag of the Philippines.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Philippines]] |Tlhakole a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>[https://x.com/DFAPHL/status/828400555722756096 "Today we celebrate 50 years of formal diplomatic relations with Botswana!".] 6 February 2017. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |8 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Israel.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Israel]] |Motsheganong a le masome mabedi le bone ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>[https://www.sundaystandard.info/outspoken-botswana-loses-its-voice-on-israel/ "Outspoken Botswana loses its voice on Israel".] ''Sunday Standard''. 3 November 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20231103014414/https://www.sundaystandard.info/outspoken-botswana-loses-its-voice-on-israel/ Archived] from the original on 3 November 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |9 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Malawi.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Malawi]] |Phukwi a rogwa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>''Report''. Malawi. Police Force. 1968. p.&nbsp;2.</ref> |- |10 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the Netherlands.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Netherlands]] |Phatwe a le lesome, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>''Jaarboek van het Departement van Buitenlandse Zaken Volumes 86-90'' (in Dutch). Netherlands. Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken. 1967. p.&nbsp;152.</ref> |- |11 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Switzerland.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Switzerland]] |Phatwe a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>[https://dodis.ch/32532 "Ernennung eines schweizerischen Botschafters in Botswana und Lesotho. Sitz in Pretoria".] ''dodis.ch'' (in German). 22 August 1967. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |12 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Ethiopia (1996–2009).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Ethiopia]] |Phalane a le lesome le borobabongwe ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le bosupa<ref name=":0" /> |- |13 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Kenya.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Kenya]] |Phalane a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a le marataro le bosupa<ref name=":0" /> |- |14 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Norway.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Norway]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robbaongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>[https://www.regjeringen.no/globalassets/departementene/ud/vedlegg/protokoll/diplomatiske_forbindelser.pdf "Norges opprettelse af diplomatiske forbindelser med fremmede stater"] (PDF). ''regjeringen.no'' (in Norwegian). 27 April 1999. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |15 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Sweden.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Sweden]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marararo le borobabobedi.<ref>[https://gupea.ub.gu.se/bitstreams/c2f5a602-de12-4d98-b2c4-11de6ac633b9/download "Sveriges statskalender 1969"] (in Swedish). p.&nbsp;46. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |16 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of South Korea.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[South Korea]] |Moranang a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabobedi<ref>[https://www.mofa.go.kr/eng/nation/m_4902/list.do "Countries & Regions"]. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |17 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Austria.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Austria]] |Morule a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabobedi<ref>''Standard Encyclopaedia of Southern Africa, Capetown Volume 2''. 1970. p.&nbsp;458. <q>Austrian Ambassador , Paul Zedwitz , presenting his credentials to Sir Seretse Khama , 5 Dec. 1968 . at Gaberones</q></ref><ref>''Diplomatic, Consular and International Organisations List''. Republic of Botswana. 1971. p.&nbsp;1. <q>5.12.68 His Excellency Dr. Paul Zedtwitz, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Republic of Austria (Resident in Pretoria).</q></ref> |- |18 | [[Setshwantsho:Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Canada]] |Morule a le lesome le borobabongwe ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabobedi<ref>Linwood, DeLong (January 2020). [https://www.cgai.ca/a_guide_to_canadian_diplomatic_relations_1925_2019 "A Guide to Canadian Diplomatic Relations 1925-2019".] Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |19 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Nigeria.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Nigeria]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le bone ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref>''Kutlwano, 9-10''. Bechuanaland Protectorate. Information Branch, Botswana. Information Services. 1974. p.&nbsp;4.</ref> |- |20 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the Czech Republic.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Czech Republic]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a mabedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref name=":0" /> |- |21 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Russia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Russia]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref>''Africa Quarterly''. Vol.&nbsp;10. Indian Centre for Africa. 1970. p.&nbsp;37.</ref> |- |22 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Denmark.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Denmark]] |Motsheganong a le lesome le bobedi ngwaga wa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref>''[https://slaegtsbibliotek.dk/910992.pdf Kongelig Dansk Hof- og Statskalender 1971]'' (PDF) (in Danish). 1971. p.&nbsp;23.</ref> |- |23 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Serbia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Serbia]] |Lwetse a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref>Presse, Agence France (1970). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=Muo0AQAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y Africa]''. Agence France-Presse. p.&nbsp;32.</ref> |- |24 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Italy.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Italia]] |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/281137451918748/photos/a.292204164145410/1151053924927092/?type=3&_rdr "Dr. Filippo Scammacca Del Murgo e Dell Agnone presented his credentials to Dr. Sertese Khama Ian Khama".] ''Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Botswana in Facebook''. 16 March 2016. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |25 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Romania.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Romania]] |Phalane a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le motso<ref>[https://www.mae.ro/en/node/2187 "Diplomatic Relations of Romania".] Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |26 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Belgium (civil).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Belgium]] |Ngwanatsele a le malatsi a robabongwe, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le motso<ref>''Diplomatic, Consular and International Organisations List''. Republic of Botswana. 1971. p.&nbsp;2.</ref> |- |27 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Tanzania.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Tanzania]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bobedi |- |28 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of India.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[India]] |Morule a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bobedi<ref>''Asia & Africa Review''. Vol.&nbsp;12. Independent Publishing Company. 1972. p.&nbsp;15.</ref> |- |29 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Egypt.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Egypt]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a supa, masome a supa le boraro<ref>''ARR, Arab Report and Record''. Vol.&nbsp;1–18, 21–24. 1973. p.&nbsp;7.</ref> |- |30 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Lesotho.svg|frameless|30x30px]][[Lesotho]] |Moranang ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le boraro<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230623071827/https://istmat.org/files/uploads/55959/003_zarubezhnye_strany.pdf "Ежегодник Большой Советской Энциклопедии. 1974. Выпуск восемнадцатый: Зарубежные страны"] (PDF) (in Russian). p.&nbsp;322. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 June 2023. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |31 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Australia (converted).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Australia]] |Phukwi a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le boraro<ref>''Facts and Figures of Australia at War''. Vol.&nbsp;119. Australian News and Information Bureau, Department of the Interior. 1973. p.&nbsp;95.</ref> |- |32 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of North Korea (March 2026-).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[North Korea]] (e seegetswe kwa thoko ka nakwana) |Morule a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bone<ref>[https://ghostarchive.org/archive/2rX2V "DPRK Diplomatic Relations"] (PDF). NCNK. 2016. pp.&nbsp;8–9. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |33 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[China]] |Firikgong a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le botlhano<ref>[https://www.mfa.gov.cn/web/system/index_17321.shtml "Joint Communique Regarding the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations Between the People's Republic of China and the Republic of Botswana".] 25 April 2002. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |34 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Ghana.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Ghana]] |Phalane a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le botlhano<ref>[https://gna.org.gh/2025/05/botswana-delegation-visits-ghana-to-study-transformative-tvet-framework-and-policies/ "Botswana Delegation Visits Ghana to Study Transformative TVET Framework and Policies".] 11 May 2025. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |35 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Guyana.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Guyana]] |Phalane a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le botlhano<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20191224073504/http://www.minfor.gov.gy/diplomatic-relations/ "Diplomatic relations".] Archived from the original on 24 December 2019. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |36 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Mexico.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Mexico]] |Morule a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le botlhano<ref>''Informe de labores – Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores'' (in Spanish). Mexico. Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores. 1976. pp.&nbsp;26 and 36–37.</ref> |- |37 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Mozambique.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Mozambique]] |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le botlhano<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/281137451918748/photos/the-high-commissioner-of-mozambique-his-excellency-domingos-fernades-presenting-/1125072150858603/ "The High Commissioner of Mozambique, His Excellency Domingos Fernades presenting his Letters of Credence to the President of Botswana, His Excellency Lt. Gen. Dr. Seretse Khama Ian Khama, on 2 February 2016"]. 4 February 2016. Retrieved 14 July 2026&#x2013; via Facebook.</ref> |- |38 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Eswatini.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Eswatini]] |Motsheganong a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le borataro<ref>''Directory of the Diplomatic Corps and International Organizations''. Botswana, Botswana. Office of the President. External Affairs. 1978. p.&nbsp;3.</ref> |- |39 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Libya.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Libya]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le bosupa<ref>''ARR: Arab Report and Record''. Economic Features, Limited. 1977. p.&nbsp;165.</ref> |- |40 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Luxembourg.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Luxemborg|Luxembourg]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bosupa<ref>[https://aei.pitt.edu/52731/1/B0795.pdf "CORPS DIPLOMATIQUE accrédité auprès des Communautés européennes"] (PDF) (in French). 30 September 1977. pp.&nbsp;1, 29. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref><ref>[[iarchive:in.ernet.dli.2015.146909/page/n926/mode/1up|''The Europa Year Book 1978 A World Survey Vol.-i''. Europa]] Publication Limited. 1978.</ref> |- |41 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Cuba.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Cuba]] |Morule a robabongwe ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le bosupa<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220707064931/https://www.minrex.gob.cu/es/node/1944 "Firman Cuba y Botswana acuerdo de cooperación en sector de Salud"] (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |42 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Argentina.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Argentina]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabobedi |- |43 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Greece (1970–1975).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Greece]] |Moranang a le lesome ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le borobabobedi |- |44 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Finland.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Finland]] |Phukwi a rogwa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabobedi<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180330044440/http://formin.finland.fi/Public/default.aspx?nodeid=17195&contentlan=2&culture=en-US "Countries and regions A–Z"]. Archived from the original on 30 March 2018. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |45 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Poland.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Poland]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabobedi |- |46 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Algeria.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Algeria]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabongwe<ref>Slimane Chikh (1980). ''Le Maghreb et l'Afrique subsaharienne'' (in French). Editions du Centre national de la recherche scientifique. p.&nbsp;10. <q>Botswana (30/11/79) Mohamed Chellali Khouri</q></ref> |- |47 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Angola.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Angola]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi<ref>''Sub-Saharan Africa Report Issues 2243-2247''. United States. Foreign Broadcast Information Service. 1980. p.&nbsp;7. <q>7 Mar 80 ] ANGOLA - BOTSWANA DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS -- The governments of Botswana and Angola have decided to establish diplomatic relations .</q></ref> |- |48 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Portugal (official).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Portugal]] |Moranang a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi<ref>[https://portaldiplomatico.mne.gov.pt/relacoesbilaterais/paises "Países".] ''Portal Diplomático'' (in Portuguese). Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |49 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Hungary.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Hungary]] |Moranang a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi<ref>''Hungary – Page 170''. Pannonia Press, 1980</ref> |- |50 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Turkey.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Turkey]] |Firikgong a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le motso |- |51 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Spain (1785–1873, 1875–1931).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Spain]] |Moranang a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe ngwaga wa Sekete makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le motso<ref>[https://www.exteriores.gob.es/es/Comunicacion/Paginas/Ficha.aspx "Ficha de paises y territorios"] (in Spanish). Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |52 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Jamaica.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Jamaica]] |Motsheganong a le malatsi a mane ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le bobedi |- |53 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Bulgaria.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Bulgaria]] |Phatwe a le lesome le borataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le bobedi<ref>''Keesing's Contemporary Archives – Page 32055''. Keesing's Limited., 1983.</ref> |- |54 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Albania.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Albania]] |Phatwe a le masome a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le bobedi<ref>''Keesing's Contemporary Archives – Page 32055''. Keesing's Limited., 1983.</ref> |- |55 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Zimbabwe.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Zimbabwe]] |Motsheganong a le masome mararo le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robaongwe, masome a robabobedi le boraro<ref>''Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997''. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999. p.&nbsp;103</ref> |- |56 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Bangladesh.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Bangladesh]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le boraro<ref>''News Review on South Asia and Indian Ocean''. Institute for Defence Studies & Analyses., 1983. p.&nbsp;442.</ref> |- |57 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Brazil.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Brazil]] |Lwetse a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le botlhano |- |58 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Thailand.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Thailand]] |Ngwanatsele e a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le botlhano<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240816013201/https://www.mfa.go.th/th/content-category/5d5bcb4e15e39c3060006875 "อเมริกาและแปซิฟิก"] (in Thai). Archived from [https://www.mfa.go.th/th/content-category/5d5bcb4e15e39c3060006875 the original] on 16 August 2024. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |59 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Iraq (2008).png|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Iraq]] |Phukwi a le lesome ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borataro<ref>''[https://archive.org/details/jprs-report_jprs-ssa-86-086/page/n13/mode/1up?q=credentials Sub-Saharan Africa Report]''. United States Joint Publications Research Service. 18 August 1986. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |60 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Pakistan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Pakistan]] |Phatwe a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borataro<ref>''Pakistan Horizon – Volume 39''. Pakistan Institute of International Affairs. 1986. p.&nbsp;108.</ref> |- |61 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of New Zealand.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[New Zealand]] |ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le bosupa<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090122004704/http://www.mfat.govt.nz/Embassies/3-NZ-Ambassadors/countries-b.php "New Zealand Heads of Overseas Missions – B".] ''mfat.govt.nz''. Archived from the original on 22 January 2009.</ref> |- |62 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Seychelles.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Seychelles]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi |- |63 |[[Setshwantsho:State flag of Iran (1964–1980).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Iran]] |Lwetse ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi<ref>''Directory of Iranian Officials''. 1991. p.&nbsp;69.</ref> |- |64 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Vanuatu (official).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Vanuatu]] |Ngwanatsele a rogwa, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240925183844/https://mfaicet.gov.vu/images/documents/VANUATU_NATIONAL_FOREIGN_POLICY.pdf "Vanuatu Diplomatic Relations"] (PDF). ''mfaicet.gov.vu''. p.&nbsp;50. Archived from [https://mfaicet.gov.vu/images/documents/VANUATU_NATIONAL_FOREIGN_POLICY.pdf the original] (PDF) on 25 September 2024. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |65 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Uganda.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Uganda]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a robabongwe, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe<ref name=":3">''Diplomatic List 1995''. Botswana, Botswana. Department of Foreign Affairs. 1995. pp.&nbsp;xiii.</ref> |- |66 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Gran Colombia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Colombia]] |Moranang a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe |- |67 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Somalia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Somalia]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe<ref name=":3" /> |- |68 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Iceland.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Iceland]] |Moranang a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe<ref>Thorsteinsson, Pétur J. (1992). ''Utanríkisþjónusta Íslands og utanríkismál: sögulegt yfirlit'' (in Icelandic). pp.&nbsp;1065–1066.</ref> |- |69 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Namibia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Namibia]] |Phukwi a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe<ref>Mushelenga, Samuel Abraham Peyavali (2008). [https://uir.unisa.ac.za/service-interruption.html?sequence=4&isAllowed=y "Foreign policy-making in Namibia : the dynamics of the smallness of a state"] (PDF). pp.&nbsp;254–259.</ref> |- |70 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Malaysia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Malaysia]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe<ref>[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=oVrVK2ElINMC&dq=26+Nov.+1990+Diplomatic+relations+are+established+with+Malaysia&pg=PA108&redir_esc=y ''Southern African Political History A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997''.] Greenwood Press. 1999. p.&nbsp;108. ISBN&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780313302473|<bdi>9780313302473</bdi>.]] Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |71 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Tunisia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Tunisia]] |Ngwanatsele a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bobedi |- |72 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Singapore.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Singapore]] |Phatwe a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le boraro<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230314222839/https://www.mfa.gov.sg/Overseas-Missions/-/media/D74B3129AEFA44BB8FC411746F005489.ashx "Diplomatic & consular list".] ''Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Singapore''. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |73 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of South Africa.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Aforika Borwa]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bone<ref>[https://omalley.nelsonmandela.org/index.php/site/q/03lv02167/04lv02168/05lv02169.htm "1994".] ''The O’Malley archive''. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |74 |[[Setshwantsho:Kuwait flag 300.png|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Kuwait]] |Seetebosigo a le lesome ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le borataro<ref>''Daily Report: Africa (Sub-Sahara)''. Vol.&nbsp;96. Foreign Broadcast Information Service. 1996. <q>Botswana: Diplomatic Relations With Kuwait Established</q></ref> |- |75 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Ireland.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Ireland]] |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le borataro<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/281137451918748/photos/the-minister-of-international-affairs-and-cooperation-speaks-with-the-irish-mini/3338393609526435/ "The Minister of International Affairs And Cooperation Speaks with the Irish Minister of Foreign Affairs And Trade".] 1 June 2020. Retrieved 15 July 2026 &#x2013; via Facebook.</ref> |- |76 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Chile.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Chile]] |Phalane a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bosupa<ref>"Reseña histórica de la presencia chilena en África" (in Spanish). p.&nbsp;6. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |77 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Trinidad and Tobago]] |Motsheganong a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi |- |78 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Slovakia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Slovakia]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe, ngwaga wa dikete pedi le motso<ref>[https://www.mzv.sk/staty "Štáty a teritóriá"] (in Slovak). Retrieved 16 July 2026</ref> |- |79 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Mauritius.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Mauritius]] |Moranang a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bobedi<ref>''Diplomatic List''. Botswana. Department of Foreign Affairs. 2003. p.&nbsp;111.</ref> |- |80 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Latvia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Latvia]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le boraro<ref>[https://www.mfa.gov.lv/en/dates-establishment-and-renewal-diplomatic-relations "Dates of establishment and renewal of diplomatic relations".] ''mfa.gov.lv''. 1 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |81 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Estonia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Estonia]] |Seetebosigo a le malatsi a mararo ngwaga wa dikete pedi le boraro<ref>[https://www.vm.ee/suhted-teiste-riikide-ja-organisatsioonidega/suhted-teiste-riikidega/diplomaatiliste-suhete "Diplomaatiliste suhete (taas)kehtestamise kronoloogia"] (in Estonian). 30 January 2018. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |82 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Lithuania.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Lithuania]] |Tlhakole a le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bone<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220110123939/https://jp.mfa.lt/default/en/list-of-countries-with-which-lithuania-has-established-diplomatic-relations "List of countries with which Lithuania has established diplomatic relations".] Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |83 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Ukraine.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Ukraine]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a mane ngwaga dikete pedi le bone<ref>[https://mfa.gov.ua/en/about-ukraine/bilateral-cooperation/middle-east-and-africa "Middle East and Africa". ''M'']''inistry of Foreign Affairs''. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |84 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Rwanda.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Rwanda]] |Lwetse, ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bone<ref>[https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/81051 "Rwanda Botswana relations symbiotic".] 11 August 2024. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |85 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Malta.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Malta]] |Firikgong a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20211224125943/https://foreignandeu.gov.mt/en/Treaties%20Series/Pages/Treaties%20Documents/Botswana---Agreement-on-the-establishment-of-Diplomatic-Relations-between-the-Republic-of-Malta-and-the-Republic-of-Botswan.aspx "Botswana – Agreement on the establishment of Diplomatic Relations between the Republic of Malta and the Republic of Botswana".] Archived from [https://foreign.gov.mt/ the original] on 24 December 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2026</ref> |- |86 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Cyprus (1960–2006).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Cyprus]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano |- |87 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Morocco.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Morocco]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano |- |88 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Slovenia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Slovenia]] |Phukwi a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano |- |89 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Madagascar.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Madagascar]] |Phatwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170220194957/https://newsmada.com/2017/02/15/cooperation-le-botswana-sinteresse-a-la-grande-ile "Coopération : le Botswana s'intéresse à la Grande île".] ''newsmada.com'' (in French). 15 February 2017. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20170220194957/https://newsmada.com/2017/02/15/cooperation-le-botswana-sinteresse-a-la-grande-ile the original] on 20 February 2017. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |90 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Croatia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Croatia]] |Lwetse a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano<ref>[https://mvep.gov.hr/foreign-policy/bilateral-relations/date-of-recognition-and-establishment-od-diplomatic-relations/22800 "Bilateral relations – Date of Recognition and Establishment of Diplomatic Relations"]. ''Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Croatia''. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |91 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Belarus.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Belarus]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro |- |92 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[United Arab Emirates]] |Moranang a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga w dikete pedi le borataro<ref>[https://www.wam.ae/en/details/1395227642979 "UAE and Botswana establish diplomatic relations".] 29 April 2006.</ref> |- |93 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the Bahamas.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Bahamas]] |Motsheganong ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro<ref>[http://www.bahamasuncensored.com/ConsCorpsXmas06_MFA.html "Mitchell addresses Diplomats Christmas Luncheon".] 13 December 2006. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |94 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Dominican Republic]] |Phalane a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20171004004739/http://enlacecongreso.mirex.gob.do/ecc/Lists/Establecimiento%20de%20Relaciones%20Diplomticas/AllItems.aspx "Establecimiento De Relaciones Diplomáticas"] (in Spanish). Archived from [http://enlacecongreso.mirex.gob.do/ecc/Lists/Establecimiento%20de%20Relaciones%20Diplomticas/AllItems.aspx the original] on 4 October 2017. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |95 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the Republic of the Congo.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Republic of the Congo]] |Ngwanatsele a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro |- |96 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Qatar.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Qatar]] |Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro |- |97 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Equatorial Guinea.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Equatorial Guinea]] |Morule a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro<ref>[https://minexteriores.gob.gq/wp-content/uploads/ACUERDOS-GUINEA-ECUATORIAL-BOTSUANA.pdf "Acuerdos Firmados Entre Guinea Euatorial Y Botswana"] (PDF) (in Spanish). Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |98 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Barbados.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Barbados]] |Morule a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro |- |99 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Gabon.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Gabon]] |Morule a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro |- |100 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Niger.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Niger]] |Morule a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro |- |101 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Sudan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Sudan]] |Firikgong a le lesome ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |102 |[[Burkina Faso]] |Firikgong a le lesome le bobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |103 |[[Benin]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |104 |[[Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |105 |[[Saudi Arabia]] |Mopitlo a rogwa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230817201141/https://sp.spa.gov.sa/viewfullstory.php?lang=en&newsid=429339 "Saudi Arabia, Botswana Establish Diplomatic Relations".] 1 March 2007. Archived from [https://sp.spa.gov.sa/viewfullstory.php?lang=en&newsid=429339 the original] on 17 August 2023. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |106 |[[Burundi]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |107 |[[Djibouti]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130818144121/http://www.djibdiplomatie.dj/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=439&Itemid=17 "Etat des relations".] ''Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres et de la Cooperation Internationale Djibouti'' (in French). Archived from [http://www.djibdiplomatie.dj/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=439&Itemid=17 the original] on 18 August 2013. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |108 |[[Guinea]] |Moranang a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |109 |[[Uruguay]] |Motsheganong a le malatsi a mane ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa<ref>''Keesing's Contemporary Archives – Page 32055''. Keesing's Limited., 1983.</ref> |- |110 |[[Guatemala]] |Motsheganong a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |111 |[[Mauritania]] |Motsheganong a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |112 |[[Ecuador]] |Seetebosigo a le malatsi a mane ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |113 |[[Mali]] |Seetebosigo a le malatis a matlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |114 |[[Ivory Coast]] |Seetebosigo a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |115 |[[Venezuela]] |Phukwi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |116 |[[Paraguay]] |Phukwi a le lesome le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |117 |[[Honduras]] |Phukwi a le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |118 |[[Dominica]] |Phukwi a le masome mabedi le boraro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |119 |[[Nicaragua]] |Phatwe a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |120 |[[Costa Rica]] |Lwetse a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa<ref>[https://x.com/CRcancilleria/status/1304499050432135172 "Celebramos 13 años de relaciones diplomáticas con la República de Botsuana y Costa rica"] (in Spanish). 11 September 2020.</ref> |- |121 |[[Antigua and Barbuda]] |Morule a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |122 |[[Suriname]] |Morule a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa |- |123 |[[Belize]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabobedi<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20161222155933/http://www.mofaic.gov.bw/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=134:bilateral-relations-b&catid=2&Itemid=43 "Bilateral Relations: B".] Botswana: Ministry of Foreign Affairs & International Cooperation. Archived from [http://www.mofaic.gov.bw/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=134:bilateral-relations-b&catid=2&Itemid=43 the original] on 22 December 2016. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |124 |[[Bosnia and Herzegovina]] |Lwetse a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabobedi |- |125 |[[Sri Lanka]] |Phalane a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabobedi |- |126 |[[Holy See]] |Ngwanatsele a le malatsi a mane ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabobedi<ref>[https://holyseemission.org/contents/mission/diplomatic-relations-of-the-holy-see.php "Diplomatic relations of the Holy See"]. Retrieved 14 July 2026</ref> |- |127 |[[Nepal]] |Firikgong a le malatsi a robabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe |- |128 |[[Vietnam]] |Tlhakole a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe |- |129 |[[Saint Kitts and nevis]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe |- |130 |[[North Macedonia]] |Lwetse a le malatsi a mane ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe |- |131 |[[Panama]] |Morule a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe |- |132 |[[Georgia]] |Firikgong a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |133 |[[Samoa]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |134 |[[Guinea-Bissau]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |135 |[[Montenegro]] |Phukwi a le lesome le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |136 |[[Liberia]] |Lwetse a le masome mabedi le motso ngwagawa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |137 |[[Solomon Islands]] |Ngwanatsele a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |138 |[[Papua New Guinea]] |Ngwaga wa dikete pedi, le lesome |- |139 |[[Monaco]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le motso |- |140 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Fiji.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Fiji]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le motso |- |141 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of South Sudan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[South Sudan]] |Phukwi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le motso |- |142 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Indonesia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Indonesia]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bobedi |- |143 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Chad.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Chad]] |Tlhakole a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le botlhano |- |144 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Sierra Leone.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Sierra Leone]] |Tlhakole a le leome le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le botlhano |- |145 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Senegal.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Senegal]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le botlhano |- |146 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Palestine.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[State of Palestine]] |Mopitlo a robabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bosupa |- |147 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic]] |Motsheganong a le masome mararo le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le borobabobedi |- |148 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the Comoros.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Comoros]] |Lwetse a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabobedi |- |149 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Togo (3-2).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Togo]] |Mopitlo a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le motso |- |150 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the Central African Republic.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Central African Republic]] |Phalane a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le motso<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/lepotentielcentrafricain/posts/2944388082541603/?locale=hi_IN&_rdr "L'ambassadeur Nzapayeke est accredite aupres de la Republique du Botswana".] ''Le Potentiel Centrafricain.com'' (in French). Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |151 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] |Tlhakole a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/BWPresidency/videos/arrival-of-ambassador-designate-mrs-emillie-a-mushobekwa-of-the-democratic-repub/525396969660843/ "Arrival of Ambassador Designate Mrs Emillie A. Mushobekwa of the Democratic Republic of Congo, for Presentation of Letters of Credence at the Office of The President, Gaborone".] 9 February 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2026 &#x2013; via Facebook.</ref> |- |152 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Mongolia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Mongolia]] |Morule a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro |- |153 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Saint Lucia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Saint Lucia]] |Morule a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro |- |154 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Tajikistan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Tajikistan]] |Morule a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro |- |155 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Laos.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Laos]] |Morule a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro |- |156 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Maldives.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Maldives]] |Morule a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro |- |157 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Armenia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Armenia]] |Morule a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le boraro<ref>[https://armenpress.am/en/article/1126252 "Diplomatic relations established between Armenia and Botswana".] ''[[:en:Armenpress|Armenpress]]''. 14 December 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |158 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of The Gambia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[The Gambia]] |Tlhakole a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le bone<ref>[https://www.instagram.com/bwpresidency/p/C3S5SkFNZDZ/?img_index=1 "President Masisi recieves &#x5B;sic&#x5D; letters of credence from ambassador designates".] ''bwpresidency''. 13 February 2024. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |159 |[[Setshwantsho:Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Bolivia]] |Phatwe a rogwa ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le bone |- |160 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Turkey.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Uzbekistan]] |Lwetse a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le bone<ref>[https://www.tengritimes.com/en/post/uzbekistan-establishes-diplomatic-relations-with-another-african-country-botswana "Uzbekistan establishes diplomatic relations with another African country - Botswana".] ''Times Tenrgi''. 26 September 2024. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |161 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Liechtenstein.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Liechtenstein]] |Ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le bone<ref>[https://www.llv.li/serviceportal2/amtsstellen/stabstelle-regierungskanzlei/rechenschaftsbericht-2024.pdf "Landtag, Regierung und Gerichte 2024"] (PDF) (in German). 2025. p.&nbsp;153.</ref> |- |162 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Kyrgyzstan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Kyrgyzstan]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le botlhano<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=1063928925778499&id=100064842032316&_rdr "Botswana and Kyrgyz Republic establish diplomatic relations".] ''Ministry of International Relations, Botswana on Facebook''. 5 March 2025. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |163 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Oman.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Oman]] |Phalane a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le botlhano |- |164 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Turkmenistan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Turkmenistan]] |Phalane a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le botlhano |- |165 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Kazakhstan]] |Phalane a le masome mararo ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome mabedi le botlhano |- |166 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Azerbaijan.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Azerbaijan]] |Ngwanatsele a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le botlhano |- |167 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Cape Verde (10-17).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Cape Verde]] |Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome mabedi le borataro<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/Presidencia.cv/posts/pfbid02pbCw2AhzDQwXmCuRaA6VwH5s23rDvgJ2B25jsnAdgBrWz7T1QYTJvxUVS3xvnjKyl "PR recebe Cartas Credenciais da nova Embaixadora de Botswana".] ''Presidência da República de Cabo Verde'' (in Portuguese). 25 February 2026. Retrieved 13 July 2026.</ref> |- |168 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of El Salvador.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[El Salvador]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le borataro |- |169 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Moldova.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Moldova]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le borataro |- |170 |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Bahrain.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Bahrain]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mararo ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le borataro<ref>[https://www.bna.bh/en/BahrainBotswanaestablishdiplomaticrelations.aspx?cms=q8FmFJgiscL2fwIzON1%2bDpZCGkNlmsjjveUvx%2fDgvs4%3d "Bahrain, Botswana establish diplomatic relations".] ''Bahrain News Agency''. 30 June 2026. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |} == Botsalano gareng ga mafatshe a mabedi == {| class="wikitable" |+ !Lefatshe !Tshimologo ya botsalano !Dintlha |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Australia (converted).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Australia]] |Ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le boraro | *Lefatshe la [[Australia]] le amogetswe ke la Botswana go tswa kwa ofising ya boemedi kwa [[Pretoria (Pitori)]], [[Aforika Borwa]], ka |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[China]] |Firikgong a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le botlhano |Mafatshe a mabedi a dirile botsalano ka Firikgong a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le botlhano<ref>[https://www.mfa.gov.cn/ "Joint Communique Regarding the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations Between the People's Republic of China and the Republic of Botswana (MFA People's Republic of China)".]</ref> Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le China]] * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Beijing * Lefatshe la China le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Greece (1970–1975).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Greece]] |Moranang a le lesome ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabobedi |Mafatshe o o mabedi a dirile botsalano ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le borobabobedi kgwedi ya Moranang e le lesome<ref>[https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1486125?ln=en "Diplomatic relations between Greece and Botswana as of 10 Apr. 1978 (UN Digital Library)".] 10 April 1978.</ref> * Lefatshe la Botswana le dumeletswe ke la Greece go dirisa diofisi kgolo tsa kemedi ya sennela ruri kwa Geneva, Switzerland * Lefatshe la Greece le dumeletswe ke la Botswana go dirisa diofisi tsa kemedi kwa Pretoria, Aforika Borwa.<ref>[https://www.mfa.gr/en/bilateral-relations/botswana/ "Greece's Bilateral Relations".]</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of India.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[India]] |Firkgong a le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa sekete, amkgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bobedi |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le India]] * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa [[New Dehli]] * Lefatshe la India le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Indonesia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Indonesia]] |Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bobedi |Mafatshe a ka bobedi a tlhamile botsalano ka Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borobaobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bobedi * Leaftshe la Botswana le dumeletswe ke la Indonesia go dirisia diofisi tse di kwa Canberra, Australia<ref>[https://kemlu.go.id/portal/en/kedutaan "Missions &#x7C; Portal Kementerian Luar Negeri Republik Indonesia".]</ref> * Lefatshe al Indonesia le dumeletswe ke la Botswana go dirisa ofisi ya lne e e kwa Pretoria, Aforika Borwa<ref>[https://kemlu.go.id/portal/en/kedutaan "Missions &#x7C; Portal Kementerian Luar Negeri Republik Indonesia".]</ref><ref>[https://kemlu.go.id/pretoria/en "Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia Pretoria Accredited to the Republic of Botswana, Kingdom of Eswatini, and the Kingdom of Lesotho South Africa"].</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Israel.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Israel]] | |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le Israel]] * Lefatshe la Botswana le dumeletswe ke la Israel go nna le diofisi kwa London, United Kingdom * Lefatshe la Israel le dumeletswe ke la Botswana go dirisa diofisi tsa lone kwa Pretoria, Aforika Borwa |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Kenya.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Kenya]] |Phalane a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe,masome a marataro le bosupa<ref>''Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997''. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999. p.&nbsp;83.</ref> |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le Kenya]] * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya moemedi kwa [[Nairobi]] * Lefatshe la Kenya le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Mexico.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Mexico]] |Morule a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le botlhano |Mafatshe o o mabedi a dirile botsalano jwa polotiki ka Morule a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le botlhano.<ref>[https://centrogilbertobosques.senado.gob.mx/docs/NI_Nombramientos_Senado_270218.pdf "Nombramientos Diplomáticos De Reciente Ingreso Al Senado De La Republica En Africa,el Caribe Y Europa Page 8]" (PDF). [https://ghostarchive.org/archive/DgAjG Archived] (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.</ref> * Lefatshe la Botswana le dumeletswe ke la Mexico kwa ofising ya lone kwa Washinton D.C kwa United States le na le ofisi kwa toropo ya Mexico City<ref>[https://www.botswanaembassy.org/ "Welcome to Embassy of the Republic of Botswana in Washington, D.C. | Embassy of the Republic of Botswana in Washington, D.C."] ''botswanaembassy.org''. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> * Lefatshe la Botswana le dumeletswe ke ofisi ya lone kwa Pretoria Aforika Borwa.<ref>[https://embamex.sre.gob.mx/sudafrica/ "Inicio".] ''embamex.sre.gob.mx''. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Namibia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Namibia]] |Lwetse a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le Namibia]] Botsalano jwa Botswana le Namibia ke jwa kutlwano, mafatshe a mabedi a a mabapi a, a dirisana mo go tsa tlhabololo itsholelo. Lefatshe la Botswana le tsere boipuso go tswa mo go la Britain ka Lwetse ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro. Lefatshe la Namibia le stere boipuso mo go la Aforika Borwa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe morago ga ntwa ya molelwane ya Aforika Borwa. * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa [[Windhoek]] * Lefatshe la Namibia le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of North Korea (March 2026-).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[North Korea]] |Morule a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a supa le bone, <ref>[https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.ncnk.org/sites/default/files/issue-briefs/DPRK_Diplo_Relations_August2016.pdf "DPRK Diplomatic Relations"] (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.</ref> mme ga emisiwa ka Tlhakole a le lesome le borobabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bone<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=586061304809865&id=148228411926492 "Botswana Severs Ties With Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea)"] &#x2013; via Facebook.</ref> |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le North Korea]] |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Oman.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Oman]] |Phalane a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le botlhano |Bona Botsalano jwa Botswana le Oman Mafatshe a mabedi a dirile botsalano ka Phalane a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa dikete pedi, masome a mabedi le botlhano.<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/MinistryofInternationalAffairsBW/posts/botswana-establishes-diplomatic-relations-with-the-sultanate-of-oman-on-14th-oct/1246185160886207/ "Botswana establishes diplomatic relations with the Sultanate of Oman"]. ''Ministry of International Relations, Botswana''. 16 October 2025. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> * Ka Moranang a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le borataro, tautona [[Duma Boko]] o ne a sireletsa ditumalano le Oman tsa go sekaseka ditswammung, dikago tsa go baya lookwane, le kgothetso.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/climate-energy/botswana-signs-energy-mineral-exploration-deals-with-oman-2026-04-13/ "Botswana signs energy and mineral exploration deals with Oman"]. ''Reuters''. 13 April 2026. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> * Lefatshe la Botswana le itsisitse ka maano a lone a go bula ofisi ya boemedi kwa Muscat.<ref>[https://www.fm.gov.om/en/42099/ "Botswana confirms plans to open an embassy in Muscat".] ''Foreign Ministry of Oman''. 13 April 2026. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Russia.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Russia]] |Mopitlo a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, le masome a supa |Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le Russia]] Lefatshe la Botswana le Soviet Union a ne a tlhama botsalano jwa sepolotiki ka Mopitlo a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, le masome a supa. Le ntswa le utlwana le mafatshe a bophirima, lefatshe la Botswana le ne la tsaya karolo mo metshamekong ya Olympics ya selemo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi. Botsalano jwa gompieno gareng ga mafatshe a mabedi bo supiwa bo le lorato ebile bo tswa bogologolong. Ka Mopitlo, mafatshe a mabedi a ne a ipelela dingwaga di le masome a mararo le botlhano a ntse a utlwana. Go ya ka tona wa mafatshe a sele, lefatshe la Russia ke lengwe la mafatshe a ntlha go nna le botsalano jo bo tletseng jwa sepolotiki le Botswana.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170202131955/http://www.botswana.mid.ru/articles_relations_e_09.html "We Must Exploit Russia's Potential".] Archived from [http://www.botswana.mid.ru/articles_relations_e_09.html the original] on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> Tirisanommogo ya kgwebo le itsholelo gareng ga mafatshe a Russia le Botswana e supiwa ke tumalano ya kgwebo ya ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bosupa le tumalano ya itsholelo le setegeniki ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi. Puso ya Russian Federation le puso ya Botswana di ne tsa baya monwana tumalano ya ngwao, maranyane le thuto ka Lwetse ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe. Mafatshe a Russia le Botswana a nnile le tirisanommogo e e duleng maduo mo dikarolong tse di farologaneng, bogolojang mo go tlhabololeng babereki. Lefatshe la Russia le santse le e fa Batswana sebaka sa go ithutela kwa lefatsheng la bone mo dikarolong tsa botlhokwa di tshwana le botsogo, mohama o o itemogelang tlhaelo ya babereki e e kwa godimo. Lefatshe la Botswana ke lengwe la mafatshe a banni ba Russia ba sa tlhokeng teseletso ya mosepele go ya kwa go lone. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090329052738/http://www.botswana.mid.ru/relations_e.html "Botswana-Russia relations".] Archived from [http://www.botswana.mid.ru/relations_e.html the original] on 29 March 2009. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref>Lefatshe la Russia le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone, fa la Botswana le le ka fa tlase ga ofisi e e kwa Stockholm (Sweden) le ofisi kwa Moscow. |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of South Africa.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Aforika Borwa]] |Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bone |Mafatshe a ka bobedi jwa one a dirile notsalano jwa sepolotiki ka Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bone. Bona [[Botsalano jwa Botswana le Aforika Borwa]] * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa [[Pretoria (Pitori)]] le mookamedi wa kakaretso kwa [[Cape Town]] le [[Johannesburg]] * Lefatshe la Aforika Borwa le na le ofisi ya kemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of South Korea.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[South Korea]] |Moranang a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabobedi |Go tlhamiwa ga botsalano jwa sepolotiki gareng ga Republic of Korea le Republic of Botswana go simologile ka Moranang a robabobedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borobabobedi.<ref>[https://www.mofa.go.kr/eng/nation/m_4902/view.do?seq=133 "Countries & Regions (MFA Republic of Korea)".]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le motso palo ya batho ba South korea ba ba neng ba nna kwa Botswana e ne e le lekgolo, masome a marataro le boraro.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150904015758/http://www.mofa.go.kr/ENG/countries/middleeast/countries/20070804/1_24503.jsp?menu=m_30_50 "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Middle East and Africa"]. 4 September 2015. Archived from [http://www.mofa.go.kr/ENG/countries/middleeast/countries/20070804/1_24503.jsp?menu=m_30_50 the original] on 4 September 2015. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> Fa e sale ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bone, puso ya Botswana e ne e lemoga ROK e le yone puso ya Korea ya nnete.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150106001946/http://www.gov.bw/en/Ministries--Authorities/Ministries/Ministry-of-Foreign-Affairs-and-International-Cooperation/News/BOTSWANA-CUT-TIES-WITH-NORTH-KOREA/ "Botswana Cuts Ties with North Korea".] ''gov.bw''. Ministry of [[:en:Politics_of_Botswana|Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation]]. 20 February 2014. Archived from [https://www.gov.bw/en/Ministries--Authorities/Ministries/Ministry-of-Foreign-Affairs-and-International-Cooperation/News/BOTSWANA-CUT-TIES-WITH-NORTH-KOREA/ the original] on 6 January 2015. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Turkey.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Turkey]] |Firikgong a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le motso<ref>[https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1636698?ln=en "Diplomatic relations between Botswana and Turkey as of 20 Jan. 1981 (UN Digital Library)".] 20 January 1981.</ref> | * Kemedi ya sennela ruri ya Botswana kwa ofising ya UN kwa Geneva e tlhomamisitswe ke Turkey. * Lefatshe la Turkey le na le ofisi ya kemedi kwa Gaborone<ref name=":2">[https://www.mfa.gov.tr/default.en.mfa Relations between Turkey and Botswana".]</ref> * Madi a kgwebo gareng ga mafatshe o o mabedi e ne e le didikadike di le pedi ka ngwag wa dikete pedi, lesome le borobabongwe.<ref name=":2" /> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the United Kingdom (3-5).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[United Kingdom]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro |[[Setshwantsho:Foreign Secretary visits Botswana (6886371565).jpg|thumb|Mokwaledi wa mafatshe a sele William Hague kwa Botswana, Tlhakole ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bobedi]]Lefatshe la Botswana le simolotse botsalano le tirisanommogo le la [[United Kingdom]] ka Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robbaongwe, masome a marataro le borataro.<ref name=":1" /> * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya kemedi kwa Lontone.<ref>Diplomat Magazine (4 September 2017). "[https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/botswana/ Botswana"]. ''Diplomat Magazine''. Archived from the original on 13 May 2025. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> * Lefatshe la United Kingdom le dirisana mmogo le la Botswana ka ofisi ya kemedi kwa Gaborone.<ref>[https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-gaborone "British High Commission Gaborone".] ''[[:en:Gov.uk|GOV.UK]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240506171421/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-gaborone Archived] from the original on 6 May 2024. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> Lefatshe la UK le ne le eteletse pele la Botswana go tswa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi, masome a robabobedi le botlhano go tsena ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro, fa le tsaya boipuso. Mafatshe a ka bobedi ke maloko a mafatshe a selekanye, kgotlatshekelo ya mafatshefatshe ya molao, le lekgotla la go gweba ga mafatshe, ga mmogo le tumalano ya kopano ya itsholelo ya SACUM-UK.<ref>Bavier, Joe (11 September 2019). "[https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-britain-africa-trade-idUKKCN1VW1N5 Britain agrees post-Brexit trade deal with southern Africa]". ''Reuters''. Archived from the original on 18 February 2022. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> Mafatshe a ka bobedi jwa one a na le bokopano jwa go kgetha gabedi.<ref>[[:en:HM_Revenue_and_Customs|HM Revenue and Customs]] (3 February 2014). "[https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/botswana-tax-treaties Botswana: tax treaties]". ''GOV.UK''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20250408171729/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/botswana-tax-treaties Archived] from the original on 8 April 2025. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[USA]] |Lwetse a le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a maratyaro le borataro<ref>[https://history.state.gov/countries/botswana "A Guide to the United States' History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: Botswana"].</ref> |Bona [[Botsalano jwa mafatshe a Botswana le United States]][[Setshwantsho:Embassy of Botswana, Washington, D.C..jpg|thumb|Ofisi ya Botswana kwa [[Washington, D.C.]]]]Lefatshe la United States le bona la Botswana e le mmueledi gape e le sekao sa go ritibala mo [[Aferika|Aforika]], le tswa kgakala le berekisana le la Botswana mo ditlhabololong fa e sale ka boipuso. U.S Peace corps ba ne ba boela Botswana ka Phatwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bobedi ka maikaelelo a go dira mananeo a a lebaganeng le HIV/AIDS morago ga go fetsa dingwaga tse di masome mararo a go thusa mo go tsepameng ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le bosupa.Ka mo go tshwanang, USAID e ne ya emisa bokopano jwa sebaka se seleele le Botswana ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le borataro, morago ga mananeo a a atlegileng a thuto, katiso, kgwebo, go okamela tikologo, le botsogo jwa pelegi. Lefatshe la Botswana, le fa go ntse jalo, lone le mafatshe a a mabapi, le tswelela ka go anywa mo lenaneong la USAID la borwa jwa Aforika, le jaanong le leng kwa [[Pretoria (Pitori)]], le ofisi ya go phadisana ga borwa jwa Aforika ya USAID e diofisikgolo tsa yone di leng kwa Gaborone. Lekgotla la mafatshefatshe la United States la babega dikgang le na le setaitane sa Voice of America mo Botswana le le thusang bontsi jwa mafatshe a a mo Aforika. Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le botlhano, lekgotla le le laolang malwetsi la CDC le ne la simolola porojeke ya BOTUSA le kopane le lephata la [[botsogo mo Botswana]] go ntsha dintlha go tokafatsa maiteko a go laola kgotlholo e tona mo Botswana le mafatshe a mangwe ka nako ya fa kgotlholo e tona le HIV/AIDS di tlhasetse. Ka nako ya lenaneo la ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe la boeteledipele jwa U.S mo go lwantsheng segajaja, CDC ka BOTUSA e ne ya dira diporojeke tse dintsi gape e thusitse makgolta a mantsi mo go lwantsheng HIV/AIDS mo Botswana. Lefatshe la Botswana ke lengwe la mafatshe a a lesome le botlhano a lenaneo la ga tautona la tshoganyetso go lwantsha HIV, le amogetse didikadike tsa di dolara di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mararo fa e sale lenaneo leo le simolola ka Firikgong ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bone go tsena Lwetse ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa. Thuso ya PEPFAR kwa Botswana, e e neng e le madi otlhe a a kanang ka didikadike di le masome a supa le borataro kwa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa, le thusa go thibela, go alafa le go tlhokomela balwetse ba HIV/AIDS. Puso ya Botswana le ya United States ba stene mo tumalanong ka Phukwi ngwag wa dikete pedi go tlhama sekolo sa katisetso molao kwa Gaborone. Sekolo se, se dipuso tse di pataganetseng go ntsha madi a sone le go se okamela, se katisa mapodisi le matona a puso mo Aforika. Dikago tsa sekolo di kwa Otse, kwa ntle ga Gaborone, se bustwe ka Mopitlo ngwaga wa dikete pedi le boraro. Batho ba molao ba ka nna dikete tharo mo Aforika ba katisitswe mo sekolong se fa se sale se simolola go ruta ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le motso. * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa [[Washington, D.C.]] * Lefatshe la United States le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Gaborone |- |[[Setshwantsho:Flag of Zimbabwe.svg|left|frameless|30x30px]][[Zimbabwe]] |Motsheganong a le masome mararo le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le boraro |Mafatshe a ka bobedi a nnile le tirisanommogo ka Motsheganong a le masome mararo le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le boraro.<ref>''Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997''. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999. p.&nbsp;103.</ref> Lefatshe la Botswana le santse le sokola ka go tswala molelwane, le tswalela dikete tsa batho ba Zimbabwe ba ba tshabang go phutlhama ga itsholelo le pogiso ya sepolotiki. Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le botlhano, batho ba Zimbabwe ba le dikete di le masome mabedi le bobedi ba ne ba tshwarwa ba bo ba busediwa gae. Dipalo tsa batho ba ba buseditsweng gae di ne tsa oketsega go nna dikete di le masome mabedi le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le borobabobedi.<ref>Dube, Mqondisi (14 August 2019). [https://www.voanews.com/a/africa_botswana-battles-influx-zimbabwean-illegal-immigrants/6173868.html "Botswana Battles Influx of Zimbabwean Illegal Immigrants"]. ''Voice of America''. Retrieved 13 July 2026</ref> * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya kemedi kwa [[Harare]] * Lefatshe la Zimbabwe le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa [[Gaborone]] |} == Botswana le FOSS == Lefatshe la Botswana le sale le nna leloko la bokopano jwa mafatshe a mannye (Forum of Small States) fa setlhopha seo se tlhamiwa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a obabongwe le bobedi.<ref>''50 Years of Singapore and the United Nations''. World Scientific. 2015. ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-981-4713-03-0|978-981-4713-03-0]]</bdi>.access-date=13 July 2026</ref> == Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe == * [[Dithomo tsa botsalano jwa sepolotiki mo Botswana]] * [[Dithomo tsa botsalano jwa sepolotiki tsa Botswana]] == Metswedi == my25jw2181pop7kxjmgp1il5zvl0gfh 0 14422 53507 53462 2026-07-28T17:57:50Z Atsile Edith 11759 Ke senotse tsebe e #Wikipedia25BW 53507 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Wikipedia]], e leng [[:en:Online_encyclopedia|ensaetlopedia ya mo maranyaneng]] e e nang le [[:en:Free_content|diteng tse di sa duelelweng]] e e kwadilweng le go tlhokomelwa ke setšhaba sa baithaopi ba ba bidiwang [[:en:Wikipedians|Wikipedians]], e simolotse ka go [[:en:First_Wikipedia_edit|kwalwa ga yone la ntlha]] ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe (2001), malatsi a mabedi morago ga gore lotshwao loo le kwadisiwe.<ref>[http://whois.domaintools.com/wikipedia.org "Wikipedia.org WHOIS, DNS, & Domain Info – DomainTools"]. ''[[:en:WHOIS|WHOIS]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170417083509/http://whois.domaintools.com/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on April 17, 2017. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone, 2026.</ref> E ne ya gola go tswa mo [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia,]] e leng ensaetlopedia e e rulagantsweng sentle e e sa duelelweng, e le tsela ya go letla go kwalwa ga ditlhogo le dithanolo motlhofo le ka bonako. Ditshegetso tsa maranyane le tsa dikgopolo tsa Wikipedia di tla pele ga seno; kakanyo ya ntlha e e itsiweng ya ensaetlopedia ya maranyane e dirilwe ke [[:en:Rick_Gates_(Internet_pioneer)|Rick Gates]] ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le boraro (1993),<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20120415133700/http://history-computer.com/Internet/Conquering/Wikipedia.html "Wikipedia of Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger"]. History Computer. 2010. Archived from [http://history-computer.com/Internet/Conquering/Wikipedia.html the original] on April 15, 2012. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> mme kgopolo ya ensaetlopedia ya [[:en:Free_as_in_freedom|maranyane e e gololesegileng]] (jaaka e [[:en:Alternative_terms_for_free_software|farologana]] le [[:en:Open_source|motswedi o o bulegileng]] fela)<ref>[https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html#open-source "Philosophy"]. GNU. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131014132149/http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html#open-source Archived] from the original on October 14, 2013. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> e ne ya akanngwa ke [[:en:Richard_Stallman|Richard Stallman]] ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi (1998).<ref name=":1">[[:en:Richard_Stallman|Stallman, Richard]] (1998). [https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia-1998-draft.html "The Free Universal Encyclopedia and Learning Resource (1998 Draft)"]. GNU. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210124065108/https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia-1998-draft.html Archived] from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Kgopolo ya ga Stallman e ne e akaretsa ka tlhamalalo kgopolo ya gore ga go na mokgatlho ope o o botlhokwa o o tshwanetseng go laola go rulaganya. Seno se ne se farologana le diensaetlopedia tsa maranyane tsa motlha oo jaaka [[:en:Encarta|Microsoft Encarta]] le ''[[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica|Encyclopedia Britannica]]''. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe (2001), teseletso ya [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]] e ne ya fetolwa go nna [[:en:GFDL|GFDL,]] mme [[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Jimmy Wales]] le [[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] ba ne ba simolola Wikipedia jaaka lenaneo le le tlaleletsang, ba dirisa [[:en:Wiki|wiki]] ya mo maranyaneng jaaka sedirisiwa sa go kwala ka tirisanommogo.<ref>[http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?WikiHistory "WikiHistory"]. [[:en:WikiWikiWeb|WikiWikiWeb]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20020621221535/http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?WikiHistory Archived] from the original on June 21, 2002. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Le fa kwa tshimologong Wikipedia e ne e akanngwa e le lefelo la go kwala mekwalo le dikgopolo tsa gore kgabagare go baakanngwe Nupedia, e ne ya feta e e neng e le teng pele ga yone ka bonako, ya nna lefelo la go kwala dipego le legae la setlhagiswa sa bofelo se se baakantsweng sa lenaneo la lefatshe lotlhe ka makgolokgolo a dipuo, mme seno sa tlhotlheletsa mefuta e e farologaneng ya [[:en:List_of_wikis|mananeo a mangwe a ditshupiso tsa mo maranyaneng]]. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014), Wikipedia e ne e na le babadi ba ka nna didikadike di le makgolo a mane le masome a ferabongwe le botlhano ka kgwedi.<ref name=":10">[https://www.economist.com/news/international/21597959-popular-online-encyclopedia-must-work-out-what-next-wikipeaks "The future of Wikipedia: WikiPeaks?"]. ''[[:en:The_Economist|The Economist]]''. March 1, 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140408202455/http://www.economist.com/news/international/21597959-popular-online-encyclopedia-must-work-out-what-next-wikipeaks Archived] from the original on April 8, 2014. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015), go ya ka [[:en:ComScore|comScore]], Wikipedia e ne ya amogela baeng ba ba kgethegileng ba feta didikadike di le lekgolo le lesome le botlhano ka kgwedi go tswa kwa United States fela.<ref name=":11">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150317071240/http://www.comscore.com/Insights/Market-Rankings/comScore-Ranks-the-Top-50-US-Digital-Media-Properties-for-January-2015 "comScore Ranks the Top 50 U.S. Digital Media Properties for January 2015"]. comScore. February 24, 2015. Archived from [http://www.comscore.com/Insights/Market-Rankings/comScore-Ranks-the-Top-50-US-Digital-Media-Properties-for-January-2015 the original] on March 17, 2015. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2018), diporojekete tseno di ne tsa bonwa baeng mo tsebeng ba le dibilione di le lesome le botlhano le sephatlo ka kgwedi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200124235329/https://stats.wikimedia.org/v2/#/all-projects "Monthly overview"]. ''Wikimedia statistics''. Wikimedia Foundation. Archived from [[stats:v2/#/all-projects|the original]] on January 24, 2020. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> [[File:First_preserved_Main_Page_of_Wikipedia.jpeg|thumb|Tsebe ya boremelelo ya Wikipedia (Sedimonthole a le malatsi a le masome a mabedi ngwaga wa 2001)]] == Kakaretso ya ditso == === Lemorago === Kgopolo ya go kokoanya kitso ya lefatshe mo lefelong le le lengwe e simolotse kwa [[:en:Library_of_Alexandria|lefelong la go bala la bogologolo la Alexandria]] le [[:en:Library_of_Pergamum|Lefelong la go bala la Pergamo,]] mme go na le dilo tsa bogologolo tse di neng tsa tla pele ga kgopolo ya ensaetlopedia e e akaretsang, [[:en:Natural_History_(Pliny)|ditso tse di jaaka Naturalis]] ya ga [[:en:Pliny_the_Elder|Pliny yo Mogolo]], mme kakanyo ya segompieno ya ensaekolopedia e e akaretsang tsotlhe, e e gatisiwang le go anamisiwa kwa bathong ba le bantsi, e simologile ka [[:en:Denis_Diderot|Denis Diderot]] le baitseanape ba Fora ba lekgolo la lesome le borobabobedi la dingwaga ba ba neng ba kwala diensaekolopedia.<ref>Miloš, Todorović (2018). "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/347489594 From Diderot's Encyclopedia to Wales's Wikipedia: a brief history of collecting and sharing knowledge]". ''Časopis KSIO''. '''1''': 88–102. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.5281/zenodo.3235309|10.5281/zenodo.3235309.]] Retrieved October 20, 2021.</ref> Kgopolo ya go dirisa metšhine e e itirisang go feta [[:en:Printing_press|motšhine o o gatisang]] go aga ensaetlopedia e e mosola thata e ka bonwa mo bukeng ya ga [[:en:Paul_Otlet|Paul Otlet]] ya ngwaga wa 1934 ya ''[[:en:Traité_de_Documentation|Traité de Documentation]]''. Otlet gape o ne a tlhoma [[:en:Mundaneum|Mundaneum]], e leng setheo se se neng se ineetse go dira ditshupane tsa kitso ya lefatshe, ka ngwaga wa 1910. Kgopolo e ya ensaetlopedia e e thusiwang ke motšhini e ne ya atolosiwa go ya pele mo bukeng ya ga [[:en:H._G._Wells|H. G. Wells]] ya ditlhamo" [[:en:World_Brain|''World Brain'']] (ngwaga wa1938) le pono ya ga [[:en:Vannevar_Bush|Vannevar Bush]] ya isago ya [[:en:Memex|Memex]] e e neng e dirisa [[:en:Microfilm|filimi e e bolokang ditshwantso ka bogolo jo bonnye]], e a e tlhalositse mo setlhangweng sa gagwe se se bidiwang "[[:en:As_We_May_Think|As We May Think]]" (ngwaga wa 1945).<ref name=":2">Reagle, Joseph (2010). Good Faith Collaboration. The Culture of Wikipedia. MIT Press. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0262014472|978-0262014472.]] Chapter 2: "The Pursuit of the Universal Encyclopedia".</ref> Phitlhelelo e nngwe e ne e le lenaneo la Xanadu la ga [[:en:Ted_Nelson|Ted Nelson]] ya go tlhama ditlhangwa tse dintsi, e e neng ya simolola ka ngwaga wa 1960.<ref name=":2" /> Tiriso ya baithaopi e ne e le botlhokwa thata mo go direng le go tlhokomeleng Wikipedia. Le fa go ntse jalo, le fa go ne go se na inthanete, mananeo tse dikgolo tse di dingalo tsa mofuta o o tshwanang di ne di dirisitse baithaopi. Ka tlhamalalo, go tlhamiwa ga [[:en:Oxford_English_Dictionary|''Thanodi ya Seesemane ya Oxford'']] go ne ga akanngwa ka puo kwa lefelong la dibuka la London, ka Letsatsi la ga [[:en:Guy_Fawkes_Day|Guy Fawkes]], ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele a tlhola malatsi a le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 1857, ke [[:en:Richard_Chenevix_Trench|Richard Chenevix Trench]]. Go tsere dingwaga di ka nna masome a supa go wediwa. Dr. Trench o ne a akanya ka bukantswe e ntšha e kgolo ya lefoko lengwe le lengwe mo puong ya Seesemane, le go dirisiwa ka puso ya batho le batho le ka kgololesego. Go ya ka mokwadi Simon Winchester, "Go dira thulaganyo e, o ne a re, go ne go feta bokgoni jwa motho ope fela. Go bala dibuka tsotlhe tsa Seesemane – le go sekaseka makwalo a dikgang a London le New York le makwalo a dikgang le buka ya tsotlhe a aitseng go bala le go kwala – go na le moo go tshwanetse ga nna 'tiro e e kopaneng ya batho ba le bantsi.' Go tla tlhokega go thapa setlhopha – mo godimo ga moo, se segolo – se gongwe se nang le makgolokgolo le makgolokgolo a batho ba ba sa duelweng, botlhe ba dira jaaka baithaopi."<ref>Winchester, Simon (1998). ''The Professor and the Madman: A Tale of Murder, Insanity, and the Making of the Oxford English Dictionary''. Harpers, p. 106.</ref> Kgatelopele ya maranyane ya tshedimosetso kwa bofelong jwa lekgolo la masome a mabedi la dingwaga e ne ya dira gore go dirwe diphetogo mo mofuteng wa diensaetlopedia. Le fa diensaetlopedia tsa nako e e fetileng, segolobogolo [[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica|''Encyclopædia Britannica'']], gantsi di ne di theilwe mo dibukeng, [[:en:Encarta|Encarta]] ya Microsoft, e e gatisitsweng ka ngwaga wa 1993, e ne e le teng mo CD-ROM e bile e na le [[:en:Hyperlink|dikgolagano tse dintsi]]. Go tlhamiwa ga [[:en:World_Wide_Web|World Wide Web]] go ne ga dira gore go dirwe maiteko a mantsi a go dira [[:en:Online_encyclopedia|mananeo a ensaetlopedia tsa maranyane]]. Tshitshinyo ya ntlha ya ensaetlopedia ya mo inthaneteng e ne e le [[:en:Interpedia|Interpedia]] ka ngwaga wa1993 ke [[:en:Rick_Gates_(Internet_pioneer)|Rick Gates]];<ref name=":0" /> lenaneo le le ne la swa pele ga e tlhagisa diteng dipe tsa ensaetlopedia. Motshegetsi wa [[:en:Free_software|mananeo a sesupaditlhaka sa mahala]] [[:en:Richard_Stallman|Richard Stallman]] o ne a tlhalosa botlhokwa jwa "Ensaetlopedia ya Lefatshe Lotlhe ya Mahala le Motswedi wa go Ithuta" ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":1" /> Tokomane ya gagwe e e gatisitsweng e ne ya tlhalosa kafa go ka "tlhomamisiwang ka gone gore kgatelopele e tswelela pele go ya kwa dipoelong tse di gaisang le tsa tlholego." Motlhami-mmogo wa Wikipedia e bong Jimmy Wales o ne a bolela gore kgopolo ya Wikipedia e ne ya tla fa e ne e le moithuti wa dialogane kwa [[:en:Indiana_University_Bloomington|Mmadikolong wa Indiana]], koo a neng a kgatlhiwa ke katlego ya [[:en:Open-source_movement|mokgatlho wa motswedi o o bulegileng]] mme a fitlhela [[:en:GNU_Manifesto|Lekwalo la maikelelo le bokgoni la ga Emacs]] wa ga Richard Stallman o o rotloetsang [[:en:Free_software_movement|mananeo a sesupaditlhaka a mahala]] le itsholelo ya go abelana e kgatlhang. Wales gape o akgola tlhamo ya ga moitseanape wa itsholelo wa [[:en:Austrian_School|Sekolo sa Austria]] e bong [[:en:Friedrich_Hayek|Friedrich Hayek]], Polelo ya tlhamo ya "[[:en:The_Use_of_Knowledge_in_Society|Tiriso ya Kitso mo Setšhabeng,]]" e a neng a e bala fa a ne a le moithuti wa pele ga kalogo,<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140930011944/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2006/07/31/know-it-all Know It All - The New Yorker]". ''[[:en:The_New_Yorker|The New Yorker]]''. September 30, 2014. Archived from [http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2006/07/31/know-it-all the original] on September 30, 2014. Retrieved November 7, 2024.</ref> jaaka "e e botlhokwa" mo go akanyeng ga gagwe ka ga "kafa a ka laolang lenaneo la Wikipedia ka gone."<ref>Mangu-Ward, Katherine (May 30, 2007). "[https://reason.com/2007/05/30/wikipedia-and-beyond/ Wikipedia and Beyond]". ''Reason.com''. Retrieved November 7, 2024.</ref> Tlhamo e e gatelela gore [[:en:Dispersed_knowledge|tshedimosetso e kgaogantswe fela ka bongwe]]—gore motho mongwe le mongwe o itse fela karolwana e nnye ya se se itsiweng mmogo, ditshwetso di dirwa botoka ke batho ba ba nang le kitso ya lefelo leo, go na le ke bothati jo bo botlhokwa. Ka nako eo, Wales o ne a ithuta tsa madi mme o ne a kgatlhilwe ke ditlhotlheletso tsa batho ba le bantsi ba ba neng ba ntsha seabe jaaka baithaopi mo go tlhameng mananeo a disupaditlhaka tsa mahala, koo dikai di le dintsi di neng di nna le dipholo tse di molemo thata.<ref>[https://play.acast.com/s/dannyinthevalley/wikipediasjimmywales "Wikipedia's Jimmy Wales: "I have this crazy idea that people will pay for free news]"", Danny in the Valley, January 19, 2018, [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055526/https://play.acast.com/s/dannyinthevalley/wikipediasjimmywales archived] from the original on March 16, 2023, retrieved March 16, 2023 Richard Stallman discussed at 20min, with further Open Source discussion at 16min.</ref> Go ya ka mokwalo wa dikgang w ''[[:en:The_Economist|The Economist]]'', Wikipedia "e simolotse mo tsholofelong ya maranyane e e neng e tlhaola inthanete kwa bokhutlong jwa lekgolo la masome a mabedi la dingwaga. E ne e tshwara gore batho ba ba tlwaelesegileng ba ka dirisa disupa ditlhaka tsa bone jaaka didirisiwa tsa kgololesego, thuto, le go sedimosiwa."<ref>[https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher "Wikipedia is 20, and its reputation has never been higher]". The Economist. January 9, 2021. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0013-0613 0013-0613.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20221231224550/https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher Archived] from the original on December 31, 2022. Retrieved August 29, 2022.</ref> === Go tlhama kgopolo === Wikipedia e ne ya akanyediwa kwa tshimologong jaaka lenaneo la phepo ya [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]] e e neng ya tlhongwa kwa Wales, lenaneo la pelenyana la go tlhagisa ensaetlopedia ya mahala ya inthanete, e e neng ya ithaopela go dira ke [[:en:Bomis|Bomis]], kompone ya dipapatso tsa maranyane e e leng ya ga Jimmy, [[:en:Tim_Shell|Tim Shell]] le [[:en:Michael_E._Davis_(businessman)|Michael E. Davis]]. <ref>[[:en:Marshall_Poe|Poe, Marshall]] (September 2006). "[https://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/ The Hive]". The Atlantic Monthly. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061223004004/http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia Archived] from the original on December 23, 2006. Retrieved March 25, 2007. Wales and Sanger created the first Nupedia wiki on 10 January 2001. The initial purpose was to get the public to add entries that would then be "fed into the Nupedia process" of authorization. Most of Nupedia's expert volunteers, however, wanted nothing to do with this, so Sanger decided to launch a separate site called "Wikipedia". Neither Sanger nor Wales looked on Wikipedia as anything more than a lark. This is evident in Sanger's flip announcement of Wikipedia to the Nupedia discussion list. "Humor me", he wrote. "Go there and add a little article. It will take all of five or ten minutes". And, to Sanger's surprise, go they did. Within a few days, Wikipedia outstripped Nupedia in terms of quantity, if not quality, and a small community developed. In late January, Sanger created a Wikipedia discussion list (Wikipedia-L) to facilitate discussion of the project.</ref><ref name=":3">Sidener, Jonathan (December 6, 2004). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20090221005820/http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20041206/news_mz1b6encyclo.html Everyone's Encyclopedia]". ''[[:en:The_San_Diego_Union-Tribune|The San Diego Union-Tribune]]''. Archived from [http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20041206/news_mz1b6encyclo.html the original] on February 21, 2009. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref><ref name=":4">Sanger, Larry (April 18, 2005). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20090722235956/http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05%2F04%2F18%2F164213&tid=95&tid=149&tid=9 The Early History of Nupedia and Wikipedia: A Memoir – Part] I". Archived from [http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05/04/18/164213&tid=95&tid=149&tid=9 the original] on July 22, 2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061108094801/http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05%2F04%2F19%2F1746205&tid=95 "The Early History of Nupedia and Wikipedia: A Memoir – Part II".] [[:en:Slashdot|Slashdot]]. April 19, 2005. Archived from [http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05/04/19/1746205&tid=95 the original] on November 8, 2006. My initial idea was that the wiki would be set up as part of Nupedia; it was to be a way for the public to develop a stream of content that could be fed into the Nupedia process. I think I got some of the basic pages written—how wikis work, what our general plan was, and so forth—over the next few days. I wrote a general proposal for the Nupedia community, and the Nupedia wiki went live January 10. The first encyclopedia articles for what was to become Wikipedia were written then. It turned out, however, that a clear majority of the Nupedia Advisory Board wanted to have nothing to do with a wiki. Again, their commitment was to rigor and reliability, a concern I shared with them and continue to have. Still, perhaps some of those people are kicking themselves now. They (some of them) evidently thought that a wiki could not resemble an encyclopedia at all, that it would be too informal and unstructured, as the original WikiWikiWeb was (and is), to be associated with Nupedia. They of course were perfectly reasonable to doubt that it would turn into the fantastic source of content that it did. Who could reasonably guess that it would work? But it did work, and now the world knows better.</ref>Nupedia e ne ya tlhongwa mo tirisong ya baithaopi ba ba tshwanelegang le thulaganyo ya go [[:en:Peer_review|sekaseka balekane]] e e nang le dikgato di le dintsi.<ref>Kaplan Andreas, Haenlein Michael (2014) Collaborative projects (social media application): About Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Business Horizons, Volume 57 Issue 5, pp. 617–626</ref> Le fa e ne e na le lenaane la barulaganyi ba ba kgatlhegang ba ba fetang dikete tse pedi, le go nna teng ga ga Sanger jaaka morulaganyi-mogolo wa nako e e tletseng,<ref>"[[m:My_resignation--Larry_Sanger|My resignation – Larry Sanger – Meta]]". meta.wikimedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230320142105/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/My_resignation--Larry_Sanger Archived] from the original on March 20, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023. I was more or less offered the job of editing Nupedia when I was, as an ABD philosophy graduate student, soliciting Jimbo's (and other friends') advice on a website I was thinking of starting. It was the first I had heard of Jimbo's idea of an open content encyclopedia, and I was delighted to take the job.</ref> go tlhagisiwa ga diteng tsa Nupedia go ne go le bonya thata, ka dipego di le lesome le bobedi fela tse di kwadilweng mo ngwageng wa ntlha.<ref name=":4" /> Ba-Nupedia ba ne ba tlotla ka ditsela tse di farologaneng tsa go tlhama diteng ka bonako.<ref name=":3" /> Di-wiki di ne di dirisitswe gongwe mo boranyaneng go rulaganya kitso,<ref>[https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2013-01-12-chi-archives-aaron-swartz-20130112-story.html "From the archives: Highland Park teen is finalist in web competition]". ''Chicago Tribune''. January 12, 2013. Retrieved August 21, 2023.</ref> mme kgopolo ya tlaleletso e e theilweng mo di-[[:en:Wiki|wiki]] mo Nupedia e ne ya tlholwa ke motlotlo magareng ga Sanger le Ben Kovitz,<ref name=":5">"[http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?BenKovitz Ben Kovitz]". [[:en:WikiWikiWeb|WikiWikiWeb]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070404030625/http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?BenKovitz Archived] from the original on April 4, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007. – see also Ben Kovitz' fuller account which he links from there.</ref><ref name=":6">Moody, Glyn (July 13, 2006). [https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2006/jul/13/media.newmedia "This time, it'll be a Wikipedia written by experts"]. The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070222023201/http://technology.guardian.co.uk/weekly/story/0,,1818630,00.html Archived] from the original on February 22, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007. – While casting around for a way to speed up article production, Sanger met with Kovitz, an old friend, in January 2001. Kovitz introduced Sanger to the idea of the wiki, invented in 1995 by Ward Cunningham: web pages that anyone could write and edit. "My first reaction was that this really could be what would solve the problem," Sanger explains, "because the software was already written, and this community of people on WikiWikiWeb" – the first wiki – "had created something like 14,000 pages". Nupedia, by contrast, had produced barely two dozen articles. Sanger took up the idea immediately: "I wrote up a proposal and sent it [to Wales] that evening, and the wiki was then set up for me to work on." But this was not Wikipedia as we know it. "Originally it was the Nupedia Wiki – our idea was to use it as an article incubator for Nupedia. Articles could begin life on this wiki, be developed collaboratively and, when they got to a certain stage of development, be put into the Nupedia system."</ref><ref name=":7">Sidener, Jonathan (September 23, 2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20071017041126/http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20060923/news_lz1n23wiki.html "Wikipedia co-founder looks to add accountability, end anarchy]". [[:en:The_San_Diego_Union-Tribune|The San Diego Union-Tribune]]. Archived from [http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20060923/news_lz1n23wiki.html the original] on October 17, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007. The origins of Wikipedia date to 2000, when Sanger was finishing his doctoral thesis in philosophy and had an idea for a Web site.</ref> le ke o mongwe magareng ga Wales le Jeremy Rosenfeld.<ref name=":5" /> Kovitz e ne e le motlhami wa diporokeramo tsa khomphiutha mme a nna mo wiki ya ga [[:en:Ward_Cunningham|Ward Cunningham]] e e fetolang wiki go nna "[[:en:WikiWikiWeb|WikiWikiWeb]]". O ne a tlhalosetsa Sanger gore di-wiki ke eng, fa ba ne ba ja dijo tsa maitseboa ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /><ref>Poe, Marshall (September 2006). "[https://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/3 The Hive"]. [[:en:The_Atlantic_Monthly|The Atlantic Monthly]]. p. 3. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061110160718/http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/3 Archived] from the original on November 10, 2006. Retrieved March 25, 2007. – "Over tacos that night, Sanger explained his concerns about Nupedia's lack of progress, the root cause of which was its serial editorial system. As Nupedia was then structured, no stage of the editorial process could proceed before the previous stage was completed. Kovitz brought up the wiki and sketched out 'wiki magic,' the mysterious process by which communities with common interests work to improve wiki pages by incremental contributions. If it worked for the rambunctious hacker culture of programming, Kovitz said, it could work for any online collaborative project. The wiki could break the Nupedia bottleneck by permitting volunteers to work simultaneously all over the project. With Kovitz in tow, Sanger rushed back to his apartment and called Wales to share the idea. Over the next few days, he wrote a formal proposal for Wales and started a page on Cunningham's wiki called 'Wikipedia.'"</ref>Wales o ne a bolela ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2001 gore "Larry o ne a na le mogopolo wa go dirisa maranyane a sesupa ditlhaka sa Wiki" mo bathong ba ba neng ba boregile ka thulaganyo ya Nupedia,<ref>Wales, Jimmy (October 30, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20140620072830/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2001-October/000671.html LinkBacks]?". Wikimedia. Archived from [[mailarchive:wikipedia-l/2001-October/000671.html|the original]] (Email) on June 20, 2014. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref> mme moragonyana a bolela ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2005 gore Rosenfeld o ne a mo itsise kgopolo ya wiki.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140328235925/http://www.wired.com/techbiz/media/news/2007/05/assignment_zero_citizendium Assignment Zero First Take: Wiki Innovators Rethink Openness]". [[:en:Wired_News|Wired News]]. May 3, 2007. Archived from [https://www.wired.com/techbiz/media/news/2007/05/assignment_zero_citizendium the original] on March 28, 2014. Retrieved November 1, 2007. Wired.com states: "Wales offered the following on-the-record comment in an e-mail to NewAssignment.net editor [and NYU Professor] [[:en:Jay_Rosen|Jay Rosen]] ...' Larry Sanger was my employee working under my direct supervision during the entire process of launching Wikipedia. He was not the originator of the proposal to use a wiki for the encyclopedia project – that was Jeremy Rosenfeld'."</ref> Sanger o ne a akanya gore wiki e tla nna polatefomo e e siameng go e dirisa, mme a tshitshinya mo lenaaneng la go romela la Nupedia gore wiki e e theilweng mo UseModWiki (ka nako eo v. 0.90)e tlhomiwe jaaka lenaneo la "mojesi" ya Nupedia. Ka fa tlase ga setlhogo sa "A re direng wiki", o ne a kwala jaana:<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 10, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414014355/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html Let's make a wiki]". Nupedia mailing list. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Nnyaa, se ga se tshitshinyo e e sa tshwanelang. Ke kakanyo ya go tsenya karolo e nnye mo Nupedia. Jimmy Wales o akanya gore batho ba le bantsi ba ka nna ba fitlhela kgopolo eno e sa amogelesege, mme nna ga ke akanye jalo... Fa e le ka tiriso ya wiki ya Nupedia, eno ke thulaganyo ya BOFELO e e "bulegileng" le e e motlhofo ya go tlhama diteng. Re kile ra buisana gangwe le gape ka megopolo ya diporojeke tse di bonolo, tse di bulegileng thata, tse di ka emelang kgotsa tsa tlaleletsa Nupedia. Go lebega mo go nna gore diwiki di ka dirisiwa ka bonako thata, di tlhoka tlhokomelo e nnye fela, mme ka kakaretso ga di na kotsi e kgolo. Gape di ka nna motswedi o mogolo wa diteng. Ka jalo, ga go na mathata a magolo a a ka nnang teng, go ya ka kafa ke bonang ka teng. Wales e ne ya tlhoma e le nngwe mme ya e tsenya mo maranyaneng ka Laboraro wa kgwedi ya Ferikgong etlhola malatsi a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 2001, ka fa tlase ga karolo ya nupedia.com.<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 10, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030425173342/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html Nupedia's wiki: try it out".] Nupedia mailing list. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html the original] on April 25, 2003.</ref> Se se ne sa sutela kwa wiki e ntšhwa ka fa tlase ga karolo ya wikipedia.com ka kgwedi ya Ferikgonge tlhola malatsia a le lesome le botlhano. Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa, lenaneo la [[:en:GNUPedia|GNUPedia]] la [[:en:Free_Software_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Mananeo a disupa ditlhaka a Mahala]] (FSF) e ne ya tsena mo maranyaneng, e e neng e ka nna ya gaisana le [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]],<ref>"[http://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=9990&threshold=1&commentsort=0&mode=thread&cid=502603 Slashdot Comments | GNUPedia Project Starting]". Slashdot.org. January 17, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220612010030/https://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=9990 Archived] from the original on June 12, 2022. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> mme mo dingwageng di le mmalwa FSF e ne ya rotloetsa batho "go etela le go tsenya letsogo mo [Wikipedia]" boemong jwa seo.<ref>[https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/ "The Free Encyclopedia Project]". GNU.org. 2012 [1999]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121221000617/http://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/ Archived] from the original on December 21, 2012. Retrieved December 20, 2012.</ref> === Go tlhongwa ga Wikipedia === ''Bona gape: [[:en:First_Wikipedia_edit|Tseleganyo ya ntlha ya Wikipedia]], [[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia's_oldest_articles|Wikipedia:Ditlhogo tsa bogologolo tsa Wikipedia]], le [[:en:Wikipedia:First_100_pages|Wikipedia:Ditsebe tsa ntlha di le]]'' ''[[:en:Wikipedia:First_100_pages|lekgolo]]'' Go ne go na le go okaoka mo gare ga barulaganyi ka go bofa Nupedia gaufi thata le kelelo ya tiro ya mofuta wa wiki.<ref name=":4" /> Morago ga gore wiki ya Nupedia e thankgololwe ka fa tlase ga nupedia.com ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 2001,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20030425173342/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html "&#x5B;Nupedia-l&#x5D; Nupedia's wiki: try it out"]. April 25, 2003. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20030425173342/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html the original] on April 25, 2003. Retrieved August 21, 2023.</ref> Wales e ne ya akantshanya go simolola lenaneo le le ntšhwa ka fa tlase ga leina la yone, mme Sanger o ne a akantshanya ''Wikipedia'', a e tlhama jaaka "lenaneo la tlaleletso ya Nupedia e e dirang e e ikemetseng ka nosi gotlhelele."<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 11, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414021138/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html <nowiki>Re: [Advisory-l] The wiki</nowiki>]..." Nupedia mailing list. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Wiki e ntšhwa e ne ya simololwa kwa wikipedia.com ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2001. [[:en:Bandwidth_(computing)|Bophara jwa bogolo jwa kgokaganyo ya maranyane]] le [[:en:Server_(computing)|tsamaiso e e bolokang tshedimosetso]] (e e kwa San Diego) tse di dirisitsweng mo mananeong ao a ntlha di ne tsa neelwa ke Bomis. Badiri ba le bantsi ba pele ba Bomis moragonyana ba ne ba ntsha diteng tsa ensaetlopedia: segolobogolo [[:en:Tim_Shell|Tim Shell]], motlhami-mmogo le moragonyana Mokhuduthamaga wa Bomis, le motlhami wa dithulaganyo Jason Richey. [[Setshwantsho:Jimmy Wales' Mac and the First Wikipedia Edit — "Hello World" (51738433963).jpg|thumb|iMac ya ga Jimmy Wales e ne e dirisiwa go dira tseleganyo ya ntlha mo Wikipedia]] Wales o boletse ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2008 gore o dirile tseleganyo ya ntlha ya Wikipedia, tseleganyo ya teko e e nang le mokwalo o o reng "[[:en:"Hello,_World!"_program|Dumela, Lefatshe]]!", mme se e ka tswa e ne e le mo mofuteng wa bogologolo wa Wikipedia o ka bonako morago ga moo o neng wa phimolwa mme wa emisediwa ka go simolola gape.<ref>Message by Jimmy Wales {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160412003535/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Jimbo_Wales&diff=prev&oldid=258632986|date=12 April 2016}} Wednesday 17 December 2008. Retrieved Saturday 30 January 2010.</ref><ref>Starling, Tim (January 14, 2011). "[[mailarchive:wikien-l/2011-January/108198.html|Hello world]]?". ''WikiEN-l'' (Mailing list). Retrieved June 4, 2022.</ref>Tseleganyo ya ntlha e e neng ya boela mo Wikipedia.com e ne e le ya Tsebe ya Gae ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2001, e e neng e balega jaana "E ke Wikipedia e ntšhwa!"; e ka bonwa [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/908493298|fa]].<ref>Wikipedia's earliest edits were once believed lost, as early [[:en:UseModWiki|UseModWiki]] software deleted data after a month. But on 14 December 2010, [[:en:Tim_Starling|Tim Starling]] found backups on [[:en:SourceForge|SourceForge]] containing every change made to Wikipedia from its creation in January 2001 to 17 August 2001. As of 2019, these were imported into Wikipedia's edit history. Before that, the first edits that had been known were to [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/291430|Wikipedia:UuU]], [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/286342|TransporT]], and [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/11992008|User:ScottMoonen]] on 16 January 2001.</ref> Go nna teng ga lenaneo go ne ga itsisiwe semmuso mme boikuelo jwa gore baithaopi ba nne le seabe mo go tlhameng diteng bo ne jwa dirwa kwa lenaaneng la go romela ka poso la Nupedia ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20030331101007/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000684.html <nowiki>"[Nupedia-l] Wikipedia is up!</nowiki>]". March 31, 2003. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000684.html the original] on March 31, 2003. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Lenaneo le ne la amogela batsayakarolo ba le bantsi ba bašwa morago ga go umakiwa mo lefelong ya maranyane le le naleng tshedimosetso ya [[:en:Slashdot|Slashdot]] ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2001,<ref>"[http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Britannica and Free Content]". Slashdot. July 26, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090114204227/http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Archived] from the original on January 14, 2009.</ref> e setse e umakilwe gabedi ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwo ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref>[http://slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=01/03/02/1422244&tid=99 "Nupedia and Project Gutenberg Directors Answer]". Slashdot. March 5, 2001.</ref><ref>[http://slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=01/03/29/2035230&tid=95 "Everything2 Hits One Million Nodes]". Slashdot. March 29, 2001.</ref> Morago ga moo e ne ya amogela tshupo e e tlhageletseng ya kgang mo lefelong ya maranyane le le naleng tshedimosetso le setso e e rulagantsweng ke baagi ya Kuro5hin, e e rulaganngwang ke setšhaba, e e buang ka maranyane le setso, ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le botlhano.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20011107050810/http://www.kuro5hin.org/story/2001/7/25/103136/121 "Britannica or Nupedia? The Future of Free Encyclopedias]". Kuro5hin. July 25, 2001. Archived from [http://www.kuro5hin.org/story/2001/7/25/103136/121 the original] on November 7, 2001.</ref> Fa gare ga go tsena moo ga batho ba le bantsi, go ne go ntse go na le batho ba le bantsi ba ba neng ba tla go tswa kwa metsweding e mengwe, segolobogolo Google, e e neng e romela makgolokgolo a baeng ba basha mo lefelong e e le nosi letsatsi le letsatsi. [[:en:Mainstream_media|Kgaso ya yone]] [[:en:Mainstream_media|ya bobegakgang]] ya ntlha e kgolo e ne e le mo [[:en:The_New_York_Times|''The New York Times'']] ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref>Meyers, Peter (September 20, 2001). [https://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/20/technology/fact-driven-collegial-this-site-wants-you.html "Fact-Driven? Collegial? This Site Wants You]". The New York Times. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20090415232001/http://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/20/technology/fact-driven-collegial-this-site-wants-you.html Archived] from the original on April 15, 2009. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> === Dikgaogano le go dira gore dilo di nne tsa boditšhabatšhaba === Kwa tshimologong ya tlhabololo ya Wikipedia, e ne ya simolola go atologa kwa mafatsheng a mangwe, ka go tlhamiwa ga [[:en:Namespace|mafelo a masha a maina]], lengwe le lengwe le na le setlhopa se se farologaneng sa [[:en:Username|maina a badirisi]]. [[:en:Subdomain|Karolopotlana]] ya ntlha e e tlhametsweng Wikipedia e e seng ya Seesemane e ne e le [[:en:German_Wikipedia|deutsche.wikipedia.com]] (e e tlhamilweng ka Labotlhano kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2001, mo nakong ya oura e le nngwe le metsotso e le masome a mararo le borobedi kwa morago ga nako ya UTC),<ref>"[[mailarchive:wikipedia-l/2001-March/000049.html|Alternative language Wikipedias]]". Lists. Wikimedia. March 15, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140620120726/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2001-March/000049.html Archived] from the original on June 20, 2014. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> mme morago ga dioura di le mmalwa ya latelwa ke [[:en:Catalan_Wikipedia|catalan.wikipedia.com]] (ka oura ya lesome le boraro le metsotso e le supa mo nakong ya UTC).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20010413083954/http://catalan.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=history&id=HomePage "History of the Catalan Homepage]". Wikipedia. Archived from [https://catalan.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=history&id=HomePage the original] on April 13, 2001. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> [[:en:Japanese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejapane]], e e simolotseng e le nihongo.wikipedia.com, e ne ya tlhamiwa mo pakeng eo,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20010420120143/http://nihongo.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=browse&id=HomePage&revision=3 "Nihongo No Wikipedia: HomePage]". April 20, 2001. Archived from [https://nihongo.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=browse&id=HomePage&revision=3 the original] on April 20, 2001. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20010331173908/http://www.wikipedia.com/ Wikipedia: HomePage]". March 31, 2001. Archived from [https://www.wikipedia.com/ the original] on March 31, 2001. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref>mme kwa tshimologong e ne e dirisa fela [[:en:Romanization_of_Japanese|Sejapane se se fetotsweng sa Seroma]]. Mo dikgweding di ka nna pedi Se-Catalan e ne e le sone se se nang le dipego tse dintsi ka puo e e seng ya Seesemane,<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Multilingual_monthly_statistics_(2001)|Multilingual monthly statistics]]</ref><ref>[https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C3%80bac&oldid=1 "First edition in the Catalan Wikipedia]" (in Catalan). Wikipedia. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201112014959/https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C3%80bac Archived] from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> le fa dipalopalo tsa nako eo ya ntlha di sa nepagala.<ref>This [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Multilingual_monthly_statistics_(2001)&oldid=192353617 table] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210222221921/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3AMultilingual_monthly_statistics_%282001%29&oldid=192353617 Archived] 22 February 2021 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]], for instance, misses Japanese and German articles such as [https://web.archive.org/web/20010421123743/http://nihongo.wikipedia.com/wiki/Nihongo_no_funimekusu this one] and [https://web.archive.org/web/20010411030440/http://deutsche.wikipedia.com/wiki/Nupedia_Deutsch-L_Sektion this one], both dated 6 April 2001.</ref> Wikipedia ya Sefora e tlhamilwe ka kgotsa mo e ka nnang ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome lebongwe ka ngwaga wa 2001,<ref>The [https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikip%C3%A9dia:Historique_de_Wikip%C3%A9dia_en_fran%C3%A7ais&oldid=34816819 Documentation on the French Wikipedia] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210608194149/https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikip%C3%A9dia:Historique_de_Wikip%C3%A9dia_en_fran%C3%A7ais&oldid=34816819 Archived] 8 June 2021 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] mentions the date of 23 March 2001, but this date is not supported by Wikipedia snapshots on the [[:en:Internet_Archive|Internet Archive]], nor by Jason Richey's letter, which was dated 11 May 2001 (see below).</ref> ka lekhubu la diphetolelo tse dišwa tsa puo tse gape di neng di akaretsa [[:en:Chinese_Wikipedia|Setšhaena]], [[:en:Dutch_Wikipedia|Sedatšhe]], [[:en:Esperanto_Wikipedia|Seeseperanto]], [[:en:Hebrew_Wikipedia|Sehebera]], [[:en:Italian_Wikipedia|Sentadiana]], [[:en:Portuguese_Wikipedia|Sepotokisi]], [[:en:Russian_Wikipedia|Serussia]], [[:en:Spanish_Wikipedia|Sepanishe]], le [[:en:Swedish_Wikipedia|Sesweden]].<ref>[[mailarchive:wikipedia-l/2001-May/000116.html|Letter of Jason Richey to wikipedia-l mailing list]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20140620081721/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2001-May/000116.html Archived] 20 June 2014 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] 11 May 2001</ref> Go ise go ye kae dipuo tseno di ne tsa kopanngwa ke [[:en:Arabic_Wikipedia|Searabia]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20011118054300/http://ar.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?HomePage "Homepage from the Internet Archive"]. Wikipedia. Archived from [https://ar.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?HomePage the original] on November 18, 2001. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> le [[:en:Hungarian_Wikipedia|Sehungary]].<ref>[[Wikipedia:Announcements]] May 2001</ref><ref>"[https://www.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=International_Wikipedia&action=history International Wikipedia]". Wikipedia. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa 2001, kitsiso e ne ya solofetsa go ineela mo tlamelong ya dipuo tse dintsi ya Wikipedia,<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Announcements_2001#September_2001|Wikipedia:Announcements 2001]]</ref> e itsise badirisi ka go phatlaldiwa gmo go tlang ga Wikipedias ya dipuo tsotlhe tse dikgolo, go tlhongwa ga maemo a konokono, le go kgaratlhela thanolo ya ditsebe tsa konokono tsa wiki tsa ditsebe tse dišwa tsa wiki. Kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga oo, fa dipalopalo tsa boditšhabatšhaba di ne di simolola go kwalwa la ntlha, go ne ga itsisiwe diphetolelo tsa [[:en:Afrikaans_Wikipedia|Seaforikanse]], [[:en:Norwegian_Wikipedia|Senorway]] le [[:en:Serbian_Wikipedia|Seserbia]].<ref>"[https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:International_wikipedias_statistics International Wikipedias statistics]". [https://web.archive.org/web/20030305012547/http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:International_wikipedias_statistics Wikipedia]. Archived from the original on March 5, 2003. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2002, karolo ya masome a borobabongwe mo lekgolong ya dipego tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia di ne di le ka Seesemane. Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2004, batho ba ba kwa tlase ga karolo ya masome a matlhano mo lekgolong e ne e le Baesemane, mme go dira gore batho ba nne ba boditšhabatšhaba gono go tsweletse go oketsega fa ensaetlopedia e e ntse e gola. Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2014, mo e ka nnang karolo ya masome a borobabobedi le botlhano mo lekgolong ya dipego tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia di ne di le mo mefuteng ya Wikipedia e e seng ya Seesemane.<ref>"[[m:List_of_Wikipedias#Grand_Total|List of Wikipedias – Grand Total (retrieved 2014)]]". Wikimedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20141219233704/http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias#Grand_Total Archived] from the original on December 19, 2014. Retrieved December 20, 2014.</ref> Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2023, Di-Wikipedia tsa Seesemane le tsa Seesemane se se motlhofo di na le dipego di le didikadike di le di le supa fa gare ga tsone, mme mo e ka nnang karolo ya masome a borobabongwe mo lekgolong ya dipego di ne di le mo di-Wikipedia tse e seng tsa Seesemane.<ref name=":12">[[m:List_of_Wikipedias|"List of Wikipedias – Meta]]". meta.wikimedia.org. Retrieved August 21, 2023.</ref> === Tlhabololo ya Wikipedia === [[Setshwantsho:Old Wikipedia.png|thumb|Tsebekgolo ya Wikipedia (Kgwedi ya Lwetse a tlhola malatsi e le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2002)]] Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2002, morago ga go gogelwa morago ga matlole ke Bomis ka nako ya go [[:en:Dot-com_bubble|phutlhama ga dot-com]], Sanger o ne a tlogela Nupedia le Wikipedia ka bobedi.<ref>Schiff, Stacy (July 31, 2006). "[https://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/060731fa_fact Know It All]". [[:en:The_New_Yorker|The New Yorker.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20081122125817/http://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/060731fa_fact Archived] from the original on November 22, 2008. Retrieved April 25, 2009.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2002, ene le Wales ba ne ba sa tshwane ka dikgopolo tsa bone tsa gore ba ka laola jang diensaetlopedia tse di bulegileng sentle. Bobedi jwa bone ba ne ba sa ntse ba tshegetsa kgopolo ya tirisanommogo e e bulegileng, mme ba ne ba sa dumalane ka gore ba ka tshwara jang barulaganyi ba ba kgoreletsang, dikarolo tse di rileng tsa baitseanape, le tsela e e molemolemo ya go kaela porojeke gore e atlege. Wales o ne a tswelela go tlhoma go ipusa le go ikaela [[:en:Business_development|go tswa kwa tlase go ya kwa godimo]] ke barulaganyi mo Wikipedia. O ne a tlhalosa sentle gore ga a kitla a nna le seabe mo tsamaisong ya letsatsi le letsatsi ya morafe, mme o tlaa o rotloetsa go ithuta go itaola le go ipatlela mekgwa e e gaisang. Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2007, Wales e ne ya lekanyetsa seabe sa gagwe thata go ntsha ditshwaelo tsa nako le nako mo dikgannyeng tse di masisi, tiro ya bokhuduthamaga, go buelela kitso, le go rotloetsa diporojeke tse di tshwanang tsa ditshupiso. Sanger o rile ke "moakaretsi" mme o bulegile mo e ka nnang sengwe le sengwe,<ref>Anderson, Nate (February 25, 2007). [https://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars/3 "Citizendium: building a better Wikipedia"]. Ars Technica. [https://web.archive.org/web/20081020001720/http://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars/3 Archived] from the original on October 20, 2008. Retrieved October 22, 2011.</ref> mme a tshitshinya gore baitseanape ba santse ba na le lefelo mo lefatsheng la [[:en:Web_2.0|Web 2.0.]] Ka ngwaga wa 2006 o ne a tlhoma [[:en:Citizendium|Citizendium]], e leng ensaetlopedia e e bulegileng e e neng e dirisa maina a mmatota a batsayakarolo go fokotsa go tseleganya go go kgoreletsang, mme a solofela go tlhofofatsa "kaelo e e bonolo ya baitseanape" go oketsa go nepagala ga diteng tsa yone. Ditshwetso ka ga diteng tsa pego di ne di tshwanetse go nna mo diatleng tsa baagi, mme lefelo le ne le tshwanetse go akaretsa polelo ka ga "diteng tse di siametseng lelapa".<ref>[http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/CZ:Family-Friendly_Policy "Archive: Family-Friendly Policy – Citizendium]". en.citizendium.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20101120030154/http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/CZ:Family-Friendly_Policy Archived] from the original on November 20, 2010. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>Anderson, Nate (February 25, 2007). [https://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars "Citizendium: building a better Wikipedia"]. Ars Technica. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070324225040/http://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars Archived] from the original on March 24, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref> === Diteng tsa nako e e fetileng tsa Wikipedia === Dipego tsa bogologolo, le tse di sa tlholeng di dirisiwa, tsa ensaetlopedia di botlhokwa thata mo dipatlisisong tsa ditso .<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20210126035016/https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/12/encyclopedias-are-time-capsules/419619/ Encyclopedias Are Time Capsules – The Atlantic]". [[:en:The_Atlantic|The Atlantic]]. January 26, 2021. Archived from [https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/12/encyclopedias-are-time-capsules/419619/ the original] on January 26, 2021. Retrieved June 25, 2022.</ref> Mo pegong nngwe le nngwe ya Wikipedia, mefuta e e fetileng e ka fitlhelelwa ka kgokagano ya "Leba ditso" e e kwa godimo ga tsebe. Ditso tse di feletseng tsa dipego tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia le tsone di ka laisololwa jaaka [[:en:Wikipedia:Database_download|dithotobolo tsa tshedimosetso]], ka sebopego sa difaele tsa [[:en:XML|XML]] tse di gateletsweng.<ref>Koehrsen, Will (October 26, 2018). [https://medium.com/towards-data-science/wikipedia-data-science-working-with-the-worlds-largest-encyclopedia-c08efbac5f5c "Wikipedia Data Science: Working with the World's Largest Encyclopedia"]. ''Towards Data Science''. Retrieved February 4, 2025.</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, Polokelo ya Faele ya ZIM,<ref name=":8">[[iarchive:zimarchive|"ZIM File Archive: Free Data: Free Download, Borrow and Streaming]]". Internet Archive. Retrieved June 25, 2022.</ref> kwa [[:en:Internet_Archive|Polokelong ya Maranyane]], e na le dinepe tse di feletseng tsa nako e e fetileng tsa Wikipedia mmogo le ditlhopho tsa dipego, ka dipuo tse dintsi, go tswa mo dingwageng tse di farologaneng. Di ka bulwa ka mananeo a maranyane a [[:en:Kiwix|Kiwix]]. Magareng ga dingwaga tsa 2007 le 2011, go ne ga gololwa [[:en:History_of_Wikipedia#English_Wikipedia_CD/DVD/Kiwix_ZIM_file_releases|mefuta e meraro ya]] [[:en:History_of_Wikipedia#English_Wikipedia_CD/DVD/Kiwix_ZIM_file_releases|polokelo ya CD/DVD]] (e e bidiwang Mofuta wa Wikipedia 0.5, 0.7 le 0.8) e e nang le tlhopho ya dipego go tswa mo [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]]. Di ne tsa nna teng jaaka difaele tsa Kiwix ZIM, go tswa mo Polokelong ya Difaele tsa ZIM<ref name=":8" /> le go tswa mo lefelong la go laisolola ya Kiwix.[70] === Phetogo ya letshwao === [[Setshwantsho:Old wikipedia logo.png|left|thumb|Go tlhongwa – kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2001 (teko)]] <gallery mode="packed"> Setshwantsho:Wiki logo The Cunctator.png|Bofelo jwa ngwaga wa 2001 go ya kwa kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a lesome le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2003 Setshwantsho:Wikipedia-logo-v3-en.png|Kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2003 go ya kwa kgweding ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2010 Setshwantsho:Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg|Kgwedi wa Motsheganong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2010 – ga jaana </gallery> == Molanako == ''Dipego tse di sobokanyang ngwaga le ngwaga di tshwarwa mo teng ga lefelo la maina a lenaneo la Wikipedia mme di golaganngwa le tse di fa tlase. Didirisiwa tse dingwe tsa patlisiso di teng mo teng ga dipalo le dipolokelo tsa Wikipedia, mme di kwadilwe kwa bokhutlong jwa pego eo.'' === Ngwagasome wa ntlha: Ngwaga wa 2000 go ya kwa ngwageng wa 2009 === ==== Ngwaga wa 2000 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Bomis-staff-summer-2000.jpg|thumb|Babereki ba Bomis magareng ga dingwaga tsa 2000]] Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2000, lenaneo la [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]] le ne la simololwa. Maikaelelo a yone e ne e le go gatisa dipego tse di kwadilweng ke baitseanape tse di neng di tla fiwa tetla jaaka [[:en:Free_content|diteng tsa mahala]]. Nupedia e tlhomilwe ke Wales, a nale Sanger e le morulaganyi-mogolo, mme e tshegeditswe ka matlole ke kompone ya papatso ya boranyane ya [[:en:Bomis|Bomis]].<ref>Poe, Marshall (September 2006). "[https://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/ The Hive]". [[:en:The_Atlantic|The Atlantic]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061223004004/http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia Archived] from the original on December 23, 2006. Retrieved January 1, 2007.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2001 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2001, Wikipedia e ne ya simolola e le lenaneo le le kwa thoko ya Nupedia, go letla tirisanommogo mo dipegong pele ga go tsena mo thulaganyong ya tshekatsheko ya balekane.<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 10, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414014355/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html Let's make a wiki"]. Nupedia-l mailing list. Internet Archive. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Leina le le ne la ntshiwa e le kakanyo ke Sanger ka la bo kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le le lesome le bongwe ka ngwaga wa 2001 jaaka [[:en:Portmanteau|kopano ya mafoko]] ''[[:en:Wiki|wiki]]'' ([[:en:Hawaiian_language|Sehawaiian]] a a kayang "bofefo") le ''ensaetlopedia''.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414021138/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html <nowiki>"[Nupedia-l] Re: [Advisory-l] The wiki</nowiki>]..." nupedia.com. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20030414021138/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Maina a kgolagano ya karolo a ''wikipedia.com'' le ''wikipedia.org'' a ne a kwadisiwa ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bobedi <ref>[[:en:Network_Solutions|Network Solutions]] (2007) [http://www.networksolutions.com/whois/results.jsp?domain=wikipedia.com WHOIS domain registration information results for wikipedia.com from Network Solutions] Archived 27 September 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Retrieved 27 July 2007.</ref> le a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro,<ref>[[:en:Network_Solutions|Network Solutions]] (2007). [http://www.networksolutions.com/whois/results.jsp?domain=wikipedia.org "WHOIS domain registration information results for wikipedia.org from Network Solutions] [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927194913/http://www.networksolutions.com/whois/results.jsp?domain=wikipedia.org Archived] 27 September 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]". Retrieved 27 July 2007.</ref> ka go latelana, mme ''wikipedia.org'' e ne ya tsenngwa mo maranyaneng ka lone letsatsi leo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20101006010812/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page "Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20101006010812/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page Archived] from the original on October 6, 2010. Retrieved September 6, 2010.</ref> Lenaneo le ne la bulwa semmuso ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano("[[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Day|Letsatsi la Wikipedia"]]), ka di-Wikipedia tsa ntlha tsa boditšhabatšhaba – dikgatiso tsa Sejeremane, [[:en:Catalan_language|Se-Catalan]], Sefora, [[:en:Swedish_language|Se-Sweden]], le Se-italia– tse di neng tsa tlhamiwa fa gare ga dikgwedi tsa Mopitlo le Motsheganong. Melawana ya "ntlha ya pono e e sa tseyeng letlhakore" ([[:en:Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view|NPOV]]) e ne ya tlhamiwa semmuso ka nako eno, mme lekhubu la ntlha la Wikipedia la [[:en:Slashdot_effect|slashdotter]] le ne la goroga ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le maosme a mabedi le borataro.<ref>"[http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Britannica and Free Content]". Slashdot. July 26, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090114204227/http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Archived] from the original on January 14, 2009.</ref> Pegelo ya ntlha ya bobegakgang ka ga Wikipedia e ne ya tlhagelela ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga 2001 mo mokwalong wa dikgang ywa [[:en:Western_Mail_(Wales)|''Wales ka Sontaga'']].<ref>[[:en:Western_Mail_(Wales)|Wales on Sunday]] (26 August 2001) Knowledge at your fingertips. Game On: Internet Chat.(writing, "Both Encarta and Britannica are official publications with well-deserved reputations. But there are other options, such as homemade encyclopaedias. One is Wikipedia (www.wikipedia.com) which uses clever software to build an encyclopaedia from scratch. Wiki is software installed on a web server that allows anyone to edit any of the pages. On Wikipedia, anyone can write about any subject they know about. The idea is that over time, enough experts will offer their knowledge for free and build up the world's ultimate hand-built database of knowledge. The disadvantage is that it's still an ongoing project. So far about 8,000 articles have been written and the editors are aiming for 100,000.")</ref> [[:en:September_11_attacks|Ditlhaselo tsa kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bongwe]] di ne tsa dira gore go tlhagelele dikgang tse di botlhokwa mo tsebeng ya gae, mmogo le mabokoso a tshedimosetso a a golaganyang dipego tse di amanang le tsone.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20011010233257/http://www.wikipedia.com/ October 2001 homepage screenshot] shows the "Breaking News" header up top, as well as 11 September 2001 block of articles under "Current events"; the [https://web.archive.org/web/20011010230439/http://www.wikipedia.com/wiki/September_11%2C_2001_Terrorist_Attack 9/11] page shows the activist nature of the page, as well as the large number of subtopics created to cover the event.</ref> Ka nako eo, go ne go setse go tlhamilwe dipego di ka nna lekgolo tse di amanang le 9/11 .<ref>Keegan, Brian (November 17, 2020). [https://slate.com/technology/2020/11/wikipedia-september-11-breaking-news.html "How 9/11 Made Wikipedia What It Is Today]". Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210506060557/https://slate.com/technology/2020/11/wikipedia-september-11-breaking-news.html Archived] from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved May 10, 2021.</ref> Morago ga ditlhaselo tsa kgwedi ya Lwetse a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bongwe, go ne ga tlhaga kgokagano ya setlhogo sa Wikipedia se se buang ka ditlhaselo tseno mo [[:en:Yahoo!|Yahoo!]] tsebe ya gae, mme seno sa felela ka gore go nne le koketsego ya pharakano.<ref>Pasternack, Alex (September 11, 2021). [https://www.fastcompany.com/90674998/how-9-11-turned-a-new-site-called-wikipedia-into-historys-crowdsourced-front-page "How 9/11 turned a new site called Wikipedia into history's crowdsourced front page".] Fast Company. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210911121514/https://www.fastcompany.com/90674998/how-9-11-turned-a-new-site-called-wikipedia-into-historys-crowdsourced-front-page Archived] from the original on September 11, 2021. Retrieved September 11, 2021.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2002 ==== Ngwaga wa 2002 e ne ya bona go fokodiwa ga matlole a Wikipedia go tswa go [[:en:Bomis|Bomis]] le go tsamaya ga ga Sanger. Go ne ga nna le go [[:en:Fork_(software_development)|kgaogana]] ga [[:en:Spanish_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sepanishe]], ka go tlhongwa ga [[:en:Enciclopedia_Libre|''Encyclopedia Libre'']]. Jimmy Wales o netefaditse gore Wikipedia ga e kitla e tsamaisa papatso ya kgwebo. Maranyane a sesupaditshwantsho a ntlha a a rwalegang a [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]] a ne a simolola go dira ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsia le masome a matlhano. Go ne ga tlhagisiwa diroboto. Lenaneo la ntlha la kgaitsadi ([[:en:Wiktionary|Wiktionary]]) le [[:en:Manual_of_Style|Bukana ya]] [[:en:Manual_of_Style|mokgwa]] ya ntlha ya semmuso di ne tsa thankgololwa. Batshwaedi ba ka nna makgolo a mabedi ba ne ba tseleganya Wikipedia letsatsi le letsatsi.<ref>Singer, Michael (January 16, 2002). [https://web.archive.org/web/20030316082912/http://siliconvalley.internet.com/news/article.php/3531_956641 "Free Encyclopedia Project Celebrates Year One]". [[:en:Mecklermedia|''Jupitermedia'']]. Archived from [http://siliconvalley.internet.com/news/article.php/3531_956641 the original] on March 16, 2003.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2003 ==== [[Setshwantsho:2003-08-31 English Wikipedia main page.svg|thumb|Tsebekgolo ya Wikipedia (kgwedi ya Phatwe ngwaga wa 2003)]] Wikipedia ya Seesemane e fetile dipego di le dikete tse lekgolo ka ngwaga wa 2003, fa kgatiso e e latelang e kgolo go gaisa, Wikipedia ya Sejeremane, e fetile di le dikete tse lesome. [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] o ne wa tlhongwa. Wikipedia e amogetse letshwao la yone la lefatshe la jigsaw. Difomula tsa dipalo tse di dirisang [[:en:TeX|TeX]] di ne tsa tsenngwa gape mo lefelong la tshedimosetse. [[:de:Wikipedia:Stammtisch München/Archiv/2003|Kopano ya ntlha ya loago ya Wikipedia]] e ne ya tshwarelwa kwa lefelong la [[:en:Munich|Munich]], kwa lefatsheng la Germany, ka Phalane. Melaometheo ya motheo ya tsamaiso ya [[:en:Wikipedia:ArbCom|Katlholo le komiti ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] ("ArbCom") e ne ya tlhamiwa. [[:en:Wikisource|Wikisource]] e ne ya tlhamiwa jaaka lenaneo le le farologaneng ka kgwedi ya Ngwanaitseele a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bone ka ngwaga wa 2003, go amogela metswedi ya mahala ya mafoko jaaka maikaelelo a yone mo dipuong tse dintsi le dithanolo. ==== Ngwaga wa 2004 ==== Letamo la dipego tsa Wikipedia lefatshe ka bophara le ne la tswelela go gola ka bonako ka ngwaga wa 2004, la menagana gabedi ka bogolo mo dikgweding di le lesome le bobedi, go tswa mo dipegong tse di ka fa tlase ga dikete tse makgolo a matlhano kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2003 go ya ko go tse di fetang sedikadike se le sengwe ka dipuo tse di fetang lekgolo kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2004. Dipego tsa Seesemane fela tsa Wikipedia tse di ne tsa dira gore go nne le dipego tse di ka fa tlase ga dikete tse makgolo a matlhano. Dipolase tsa disefara tsa lefelo la tshedimosetso di ne tsa fudusiwa go tswa kwa California go ya kwa Florida. [[:en:Wikipedia:Categories|Ditlhopha]] le dipampiri tsa thulaganyo ya mokgwa wa [[:en:CSS|CSS]] di ne tsa tlhagisiwa. Maiteko a ntlha a go thibela Wikipedia a ne a diragala, ka lefelo la tshedimosetso le ne la thibelwa kwa China dibeke di le pedi ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo. Ditlhopho tsa semmuso di ne tsa simolola tsa boto ya mokgatlho, le Komiti ya Katlholo mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane. Kgaolo ya ntlha ya bosetšhaba ya Motheo, e leng [[:en:Wikimedia_Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]], e ne ya amogelwa. Kopano, ya ntlha ya loago kwa United States e ne ya tshwarelwa kwa [[:en:Boston|Boston]], [[:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/Boston1|ka kgwedi ya Phukwi]]. [[:en:Wikimedia_Commons|Wikimedia Commons]] e tlhamilwe ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola letsatsi le supa ka ngwaga wa 2004 go amogela difaele tsa media tsa Wikipedia ka dipuo tsotlhe. Bourgeois v. Peters,<ref name=":9">"[https://web.archive.org/web/20121221140312/http://www.ca11.uscourts.gov/opinions/ops/200216886.pdf 387 F.3d 1303]" (PDF). Archived from [http://www.ca11.uscourts.gov/opinions/ops/200216886.pdf the original] (PDF) on December 21, 2012. Retrieved November 19, 2013.</ref> (11th Cir. 2004), tsheko ya kgotlatshekelo e e neng ya swetswa ke [[:en:United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eleventh_Circuit|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo ya United States ya Potologo ya Bolesome le bongwe]] e ne e le nngwe ya dikgopolo tsa ntlha tsa kgotlatshekelo go nopola le go nopola Wikipedia.<ref>Peoples, Lee (January 2010). [http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1055&context=yjolt "The Citation of Wikipedia in Judicial Opinions]". Yale Journal of Law and Technology. 12 (1). [https://web.archive.org/web/20150224051512/http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1055&context=yjolt Archived] from the original on February 24, 2015.</ref> E ne ya bolela jaana: "Gape re gana kgopolo ya gore maemo a kgakololo ya matshosetsi a Lephata la Tshireletso ya Naga ka tsela nngwe a siametse dipatlisiso tseno. Le fa maemo a matshosetsi a ne a 'tlhatlositswe' ka nako ya boipelaetso, 'go fitlha ga jaana, maemo a matshosetsi a ntse a le mo mmala o mosetlha (a tlhatlositswe) go ya go mmala wa lamune mo bontsing jwa nako e e fetileng. makgetlo a le mantsi.'"<ref name=":9" /> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabongwe, Wikipedia e ne ya fetola letlalo la yone la thulaganyetsoruri go tswa go [[mw:Skin:Standard|Tlwaelo]] go ya go [[mw:Skin:MonoBook|MonoBook]], segokaganyi se se neng sa nna sa thulaganyo ya ruri mo mafelong a tshedimosetso a Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref>"[[mw:Skin:MonoBook|MonoBook]]". MediaWiki. Retrieved April 30, 2026.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2005 ==== Ka ngwaga wa 2005, Wikipedia e ne ya nna lefelo la tshedimosetso le le ratiwang thata ya ditshupiso mo maranyaneng, go ya ka [[:en:Hitwise|Hitwise]], ka Wikipedia ya Seesemane e le nosi e e fetang dipego di le dikete di le makgolo a supa le botlhano. Dikgoro tsa ntlha tsa Wikipedia tsa dipuo tse dintsi le tsa dirutwa di ne tsa tlhongwa ka ngwaga wa 2005. Kokoanyo ya semmuso ya madi e e neng ya tshwarwa mo kotareng ya ntlha ya ngwaga e ne ya kokoanya mo e ka nnang di dolara tsa lefatshe la Amerika di le dikete tse lekgolo ya go tlhabolola tsamaiso go samagana le tlhokego e e golang. China e ne ya thibela Wikipedia gape ka kgwedi ya Phalane ngwaga wa 2005. Matlhabisaditlhong a ntlha a magolo a Wikipedia, [[:en:Seigenthaler_incident|tiragalo ya ga Seigenthaler]], a diragetse ka ngwaga wa 2005 fa go ne go fitlhelwa gore motho yo o itsegeng thata o na le mokwalo wa botshelo jwa motho jo bo sentsweng jo bo neng bo sa lemogiwe dikgwedi di le dintsi. Morago ga matshwenyego ano le a mangwe,<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons|WP:BLP]] was started on 17 December 2005, with the narrative "I started this due to the Daniel Brandt situation". [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons&oldid=31753956 Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210609020908/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons&oldid=31753956 Archived] 9 June 2021 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]</ref> go ne ga tlhongwa diphetogo tsa ntlha tsa melawana le tsa tsamaiso tse di neng di diretswe ka tlhamalalo go lwantsha mofuta ono wa kgokgontsho. Tse di ne di akaretsa ntšhwafatso e ntšhwa ya molawana wa tshiamelo ya [[m:CheckUser policy|Checkuser]] go thusa mo dipatlisisong tsa [[:en:Sockpuppet_(Internet)|dipopae tsa dikausu]], karolo e ntšhwa e e bidiwang tshireletso ye seng botlalo, molawan o o gagametseng thata wa dibuka tsa botshelo jwa batho ba ba tshelang, le go tshwaya dipego tse di ntseng jalo gore di sekasekwe ka tsela e e gagametseng. Thibelo ya go tlhama dipego tse dišwa go badirisi ba ba kwadisitsweng e ne ya tsenngwa tirisong fela ka kgwedi ya Sedimontholeka ngwaga wa 2005 mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane.<ref>Terdiman, Daniel. "[https://www.cnet.com/culture/growing-pains-for-wikipedia/ Growing pains for Wikipedia"]. CNET. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055529/https://www.cnet.com/culture/growing-pains-for-wikipedia/ Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Wikimania ya ngwaga wa 2005, e leng bokopano jwa ntlha jwa [[:en:Wikimania|Wikimania]], e ne ya tshwarwa go tloga ka letsatsi la bone go fitlha ka letsatsi la borobabobedi ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2005 kwa ''Haus der Jugend'' kwa [[:en:Frankfurt|Frankfurt]], mme ya ngoka batho ba ka nna makgolo a le mararo le masome a borobabobedi ba ba neng ba le teng. ==== Ngwaga wa 2006 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikimania - the Wikimentary.webm|thumb|Wikimania – Tokomane ya Wikimania, filimi e e buang ka Wikimania ngwaga wa 2005, e e nang le [[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Jimmy Wales]] le [[:en:Ward_Cunningham|Ward Cunningham]]]] Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona pego ya yone ya bo ikadike, [[:en:Jordanhill_railway_station|seteišene sa terena sa Jordanhill]], ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo a tlhola letsatsi ,ka ngwaga wa 2006.<ref>Simon, Matt (March 1, 2012). [https://www.wired.com/2012/03/march-1-2006-english-wikipedias-millionth-entry-pulls-into-the-station/https://www.wired.com/2012/03/march-1-2006-english-wikipedias-millionth-entry-pulls-into-the-station/ "March 1, 2006: English Wikipedia's Millionth Entry Pulls Into the Station]". [[:en:Wired_(magazine)|Wired]]. Retrieved April 1, 2024.</ref><ref>Lemon, Sumner (March 2, 2006)[https://www.computerworld.com/article/2563140/millionth-english-article-posted-on-wikipedia.html . "Millionth English article posted on Wikipedia"]. [[:en:Computerworld|''Computerworld'']]. Retrieved April 1, 2024.</ref> Tlhopho ya ntlha ya pego ya Wikipedia e e amogetsweng e ne ya dirwa gore e kgone go laisololwa mahala, mme "Wikipedia" e ne ya kwadisiwa jaaka letshwaokgwebo la Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia. [[:en:United_States_congressional_staff_edits_to_Wikipedia|Matlhabisa ditlhong a]] [[:en:United_States_congressional_staff_edits_to_Wikipedia|mokwalo wa botshelo jwa motho ya bathusi ba phutego]]– ditiragalo tse dintsi tse mo go tsona badiri ba phutego le motsamaisi wa letsholo ba neng ba tshwarwa ba leka go fetola botshelo jwa motho ya Wikipedia ka ha sephiring – a ne a lemogiwa ke setšhaba, mme se sa dira gore motsamaisi wa letsholo a tlogele tiro. Le fa go ntse jalo, Wikipedia e ne ya tsewa e le nngwe ya matshwaokgwebo a matlhano a a kwa godimo a lefatshe ka bophara a ngwaga wa 2006.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070321033410/http://www.brandchannel.com/start1.asp?fa_id=352 "brandchannel.com | branding news]". March 21, 2007. Archived from [http://www.brandchannel.com/start1.asp?fa_id=352 the original] on March 21, 2007. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Jimmy Wales o ne a supa kwa [[:en:Wikimania_2006|Wikimania]] [[:en:Wikimania_2006|wa ngwaga wa 2006]] gore Wikipedia e fitlheletse bogolo jo bo lekaneng mme a kopa gore go gatelelwa boleng, gongwe se se tlhagisitsweng sentle mo pitsong ya [[:en:Wikipedia:100,000_feature-quality_articles|dipego di le dikete tse lekgolo tsa boleng jwa dikarolo]]. Go ne ga tlhamiwa tshiamelo e ntšhwa, "botlhokomedi", e e letlang mefuta e e rileng ya ditsebe tse di bolokilweng tse di nang le diteng tse di sa amogelesegeng go tshwaiwa jaaka tse di sa bonweng. Tshireletso e e seng kalo kgatlhanong le tshenyo e e sa itsiweng, e e neng ya tlhagisiwa ka ngwaga wa 2005, e ne ya itshupa e ratwa thata go feta ka fa go neng go solofetswe ka teng, ka ditsebe di feta dikete tse di neng tsa sirelediwa ka bontlhabongwe ka nako epe fela ka ngwaga wa 2006. ==== Ngwaga wa 2007 ==== Wikipedia e ne ya tswelela go gola ka bonako ka ngwaga wa 2007, e na le diakhaonto tsa barulaganyi tse di kwadisitsweng di feta didikadike di le tlhano ka kgwedi ya Phatwe a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro.<ref>See the special page: [[:en:Special:Statistics|Special:Statistics]]: 5,078,036 registered user accounts as of 13 August 2007, excluding anonymous editors who have not created accounts.</ref> Dikgatiso tsa dipuo di le makgolo a mabedi le botlhano tsa Wikipedia di ne di na le palogotlhe e e kopantsweng ya dipego di le didikadike di le supa ntlha tlhano e leng palogotlhe ya mafoko a le didikadike di le bongwe ntlha supa le bone, ka kgwedi ya Phatwe a tlhola a malatsi a le lesome le boraro .<ref>Source: [[:en:Wikipedia:Size_comparisons|Wikipedia:Size comparisons]] as of 13 August 2007</ref> Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona dipego ka selekanyo se se tlhomameng sa di le sekete se le sengwe le makgolo a supa ka letsatsi,<ref>From around Q3 2006 Wikipedia's growth rate has been approximately linear, source: [[:en:Wikipedia:Statistics|Wikipedia:Statistics]] – new article count by month 2006–2007.</ref> ka leina la kgolagano ya karolo la wikipedia.org le le mo maemong a bo lesome a a naleng ditiro tse dintsi mo lefatsheng. Wikipedia e ne ya tswelela go bonala [[:en:Category:Wikipedia_publicity|mo bobegakgannyeng]] – [[:en:Essjay_controversy|kganetsano ya ga Essjay]] e ne ya runya fa leloko le le tlhageletseng la Wikipedia le ne le fitlhelwa le buile maaka ka dintlha tsa gagwe tsa boitshupo. [[:en:Citizendium|Citizendium]], e leng ensaetlopedia e e gaisanang ya mo maranyaneng, e ne ya thankgololwa phatlalatsa. Tlwaelo e ntšhwa e ne ya tlhagelela mo Wikipedia, ka ensaetlopedia e e neng e bua le batho ba go itsege ga bone go neng go tswa mo go nneng motsayakarolo mo kgannyeng ya dikgang ka go oketsa kaelo go tswa mo leineng la bone go ya kwa kgannyeng e kgolo, go na le go tlhama pego e e tlhaolegileng ya mokwalo wa botshelo jwa motho.[<ref>e.g., cases such as [[:en:Crystal_Mangum|Crystal Mangum]] and Daniel Brandt.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2007, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona pego ya yone ya didikadike di le pedi, [[:en:El_Hormiguero|''El Hormiguero'']].<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20170708005830/https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Press_releases/Wikipedia_Reaches_2_Million_Articles English Wikipedia Reaches 2 Million Articles"]. [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]]. September 9, 2007. Archived from [[foundationsite:wiki/Press_releases/Wikipedia_Reaches_2_Million_Articles|the original]] on July 8, 2017. Retrieved June 3, 2012.</ref> Go ne ga nna le kganetsano nngwe kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2007 fa [[:en:Volapük_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Volapük]] e ne e tlola go tswa ko dipegong di le makgolo a supa, masome a borobabongwe le bosupa go ya go feta dikete tse lekgolo le bongwe le dikete tse pedi, ka bokhutshwane ya nna kgatiso ya bo lesome le botlhano e kgolo go gaisa tsotlhe ya Wikipedia, ka ntlha ya go tlhamiwa ga ditlhogo tse di itirisang ke motlhoafaledi wa puo e e agilweng ya [[:en:Volapük|Volapük]]<ref>"[http://www.pcworld.pl/artykuly/56502/MySpace.kontra.Facebook.html#t_34252 Ciekawe wydarzenia w Internecie]". PC World (Polish) (in Polish). December 1, 2007. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131106024950/http://www.pcworld.pl/artykuly/56502/MySpace.kontra.Facebook.html#t_34252 Archived] from the original on November 6, 2013. Retrieved April 26, 2013.</ref><ref>Yves Nevelsteen (September 15, 2007). [http://www.liberafolio.org/2007/volapukapedio "Volapuko jam superas Esperanton en Vikipedio"]. Libera Folio (in Esperanto). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130329091247/http://www.liberafolio.org/2007/volapukapedio Archived] from the original on March 29, 2013. Retrieved April 26, 2013.</ref>. Go ya ka [[:en:MIT_Technology_Review|''MIT Technology Review,'']] palo ya barulaganyi ba ba tlhagafetseng ka bontsi jwa dinako mo Wikipedia ya puo ya Seesemane e ne ya fitlha kwa setlhoeng ka ngwaga wa 2007 go feta dikete tse masome a matlhano le bongwe, mme fa e sa le ka nako eo e ntse e fokotsega.<ref>Simonite, Tom (October 22, 2013). "[https://www.technologyreview.com/2013/10/22/175674/the-decline-of-wikipedia/ The Decline of Wikipedia]". [[:en:MIT_Technology_Review|MIT Technology Review]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220731083716/https://www.technologyreview.com/2013/10/22/175674/the-decline-of-wikipedia/ Archived] from the original on July 31, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2020.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang kangwaga wa 2007, go ne ga gatisiwa tokololo ya tlhopho ya pego ya Wikipedia ya Mofuta wa 0.5.<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 Wikipedia:Version 1.0 Editorial Team]", Wikipedia, June 12, 2022, [https://web.archive.org/web/20220707222542/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 archived] from the original on July 7, 2022, retrieved June 25, 2022</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2008 ==== [[:en:WikiProject|Mananeo a Wiki]] a a farologaneng mo mafelong a le mantsi a ne a tswelela go atolosa le go tokafatsa diteng tsa pego mo teng ga bogolo jwa tsone. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2008, go ne ga tlhamiwa pego ya Wikipedia ya didikadike di le lesome, mme kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya feta dipego di le didikadike di le dikete tse pedi le botlhano. ==== Ngwaga wa 2009 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2009 ka oura ya masome a mabedi le bobedi le metsotso e le lesome le botlhano mo nakong ya UTC, morago [[:en:Death_of_Michael_Jackson|ga loso lwa ga Michael Jackson]], lefelo la tshedimosetso le ne la phutlhama ka nakwana. [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] o begile gore go ne ga nna le baeng ba ba ka nnang didikadike ba ba neng ba le kwa mokwalong wa botshelo jwa ga Jackson mo lobakeng lwa oura e le nngwe, gongwe e le baeng ba bantsi mo lobakeng lwa oura e le nngwe ba ba neng ba le kwa pegong epe fela mo ditsong tsa Wikipedia. Kwa bokhutlong jwa kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2009, palo ya dipego mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia e ne e fetile didikadike di le lesome le bone .<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140305100104/https://stats.wikimedia.org/EN/TablesArticlesTotal.htm Wikipedia Statistics, Article count (official)]". Wikimedia.org. Archived from [[stats:EN/TablesArticlesTotal.htm|the original]] on March 5, 2014.</ref> Setlhogo sa didikadike di le tharo mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane, [[:en:Beate_Eriksen|Beate Eriksen]], se tlhamilwe ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2009 ka nako ya oura ya bone le metsotso e le metlhano, go ya ka Nako ya Lefatshelotlhe e e Rulagantsweng (UTC).<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2009-08-17/News_and_notes&oldid=309138115 Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2009-08-17/News and notes"], Wikipedia, August 20, 2009, [https://web.archive.org/web/20210609111443/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2009-08-17/News_and_notes&oldid=309138115 archived] from the original on June 9, 2021, retrieved March 16, 2023</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2009, Wikipedia ya Sejeremane e ne ya feta dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe, mme ya nna kgatiso ya bobedi morago ga Wikipedia ya Seesemane go dira jalo. Setlhogo sa [[:en:Time_(magazine)|''TIME'']] se ne sa kwala Wikipedia mo gare ga mafelo a tshedimosetso a a gaisang tsa ngwaga wa 2009.<ref>"[http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1918031_1918016_1917948,00.html Wikipedia – 50 Best Websites 2009]" [https://web.archive.org/web/20111202174857/http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1918031_1918016_1917948,00.html Archived] 2 December 2011 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. TIME. 24 August 2009. Retrieved 24 November 2011.</ref> Diteng tsa Wikipedia di ne tsa fiwa tetla ka fa tlase ga tetla ya [[:en:Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike|Creative Commons ya go Abelana]] ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref>"[[m:Licensing_update/Timeline|Licensing update/Timeline – Meta".]] meta.wikimedia.org. October 30, 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220817062932/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Licensing_update/Timeline Archived] from the original on August 17, 2022. Retrieved August 29, 2022.</ref> === Ngwagasome wa bobedi: ngwaga wa 2010 go ya kwa ngwageng wa 2019 === ==== Ngwaga wa 2010 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a masome a mabedi le bone, ditsamaiso tse di bolokang ditshedimosetso tsa Wikipedia tsa karolo kgolo ya lefatshe e e naleng mafatshe ya Europe di ne tsa tswa mo maranyaneng ka ntlha ya bothata jwa go gotela thata. [[:en:Failover|Go palelwa]] ke ditsamaiso tsa poloko ya tshedimosetso kwa Florida go ne ga itshupa go robegile, ga dira gore tharabololo ya [[:en:Domain_Name_System|DNS]] ya Wikipedia e palelwe go ralala lefatshe. Bothata bo ne jwa rarabololwa ka bonako, mme ka ntlha ya ditlamorago tsa go boloka DNS, mafelo mangwe a ne a le bonya go kgona go bona Wikipedia gape go feta a mangwe.<ref>Bergsma, Mark (March 24, 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20100327123357/http://techblog.wikimedia.org/2010/03/global-outage-cooling-failure-and-dns/ "Global Outage (cooling failure and DNS)"]. Wikimedia Technical Blog. Archived from [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2010/03/global-outage-cooling-failure-and-dns/ the original] on March 27, 2010. Retrieved March 30, 2010.</ref><ref>Perez, Juan Carlos (March 25, 2010). [https://www.pcworld.com/article/192410/wikipedia_suffers_global_collapse.html "Wikipedia Suffers Global Collapse"]. PC World. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100329132858/http://www.pcworld.com/article/192410/wikipedia_suffers_global_collapse.html Archived] from the original on March 29, 2010. Retrieved March 30, 2010.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganonga tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro, lefelo la tshedimosetso le ne la golola sebopego se sesha sa yone. Dikarolo tse disha di ne di akaretsa letshwao le le ntšha, didirisiwa tse di ntšha tsa go tsamaya mo lefelong la tshedimosetso le, le sedirisiwa sa go thusa go tlhama dikgokagano<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20100822062045/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special%3AUsabilityInitiativePrefSwitch New features]". [[:en:Wikipedia|Wikipedia]]. Archived from [[:en:Special:UsabilityInitiativePrefSwitch|the original]] on August 22, 2010. Retrieved September 6, 2010.</ref>. Le fa go ntse jalo, sebopego sa bogologolo se ne sa tswelela se le teng gore se dirisiwe ke ba ba neng ba batla go tswelela ba se dirisa. Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bobedi, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya feta palo ya ditlhogo di le didikadike di le dikete tse tharo le botlhano fa setlhogo sa sedikadike sa ntlha sa Wikipedia ya Sefora se ne sa tlhamiwa ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bongwe. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro, go ne ga dirwa tokafatso ya sedikadike ya ntlha mo mananeong otlhe a Wikimedia. Mo tshimologong ya ngwaga wa 2010, go ne ga gatisiwa kgatiso ya Wikipedia Version 0.7, e e neng e na le tlhopho ya dipego.<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 Wikipedia:Version 1.0 Editorial Team"], Wikipedia, June 12, 2022, [https://web.archive.org/web/20220707222542/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 archived] from the original on July 7, 2022, retrieved June 25, 2022</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2011 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Armwikicake.png|thumb|Nngwe ya [[c:Wikipedia 10 Photo gallery#Wikipedia_10_Cakes|dikuku di le mmalwa]] tse di dirilweng go keteka ngwaga wa bo lesome wa Wikipedia ka ngwaga wa 2011<ref>[[tenwiki:Main_Page|"Wikipedia 10"]]. Ten.wikipedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131231212611/http://ten.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page Archived] from the original on December 31, 2013. Retrieved February 26, 2014.</ref>]] Wikipedia le badirisi ba yone ba ne ba tshwara meletlo e le mentsi lefatshe ka bophara go gopola [[:en:Wikipedia:10_years_of_Wikipedia|ngwaga wa bo]] [[:en:Wikipedia:10_years_of_Wikipedia|lesome]] wa lefelo leo ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano.<ref>Wikipedia celebrates a decade of edit wars, controversy, and Internet dominance [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2011/011111-wikipedia-decade.html?hpg1=bn networkworld.com] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120315204326/http://www.networkworld.com/news/2011/011111-wikipedia-decade.html?hpg1=bn Archived] 15 March 2012 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]</ref> Lefelo leo le ne la simolola maiteko a go atolosa kgolo ya lone kwa India, mme la tshwara bokopano jwa lone jwa ntlha jwa India kwa Mumbai ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2011.<ref>Vaidyanathan, Rajini (November 19, 2011). [https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-15803308 "Wikipedia hosts India conference amid expansion push"]. BBC News. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055525/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-15803308 Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN1116765620110112 "Wikipedia, 10 years old, targets India]". Reuters. January 12, 2011. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110114211053/http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN1116765620110112 Archived] from the original on January 14, 2011. Retrieved January 13, 2011.</ref> [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] e fetile letshwao la dipego di le didikadike di le dikete tse tharo le botlhano ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a mabedi, mme ya fitlha go dipego di le didikadike di le dikete tse tharo le borobabobedi ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola malatsia le lesome le borobabobedi. Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola malatsia le supa ka ngwaga wa 2011, [[:en:German_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejeremane]] e ne ya feta diphetogo tsa ditsebe di le didikadike di le lekgolo, mme ya nna kgatiso ya bobedi ya puo go dira jalo morago ga kgatiso ya Seesemane, e e neng ya fitlhelela diphetogo tsa ditsebe di le didikadike di le makgolo a matlhano ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola malatsi a le masome le bobedile bone ka ngwaga wa 2011. [[:en:Dutch_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sedatšhe]] e ne ya feta dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le lesomele bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2011 e nna kgatiso ya bone go dira jalo. Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo a tlhola malatsi a le mararo ka ngwaga wa 2011, go ne ga gatisiwa kgololo ya tlhopho ya pego ya Wikipedia ya Mofuta wa 0.8.<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_0.8&oldid=998970578 Wikipedia:Version 0.8"], Wikipedia, January 7, 2021, [https://web.archive.org/web/20220705013507/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_0.8&oldid=998970578 archived] from the original on July 5, 2022, retrieved June 25, 2022</ref> Setempe sa "Wikimania 2011 – Haifa, Iseraele" se ne sa ntshiwa ke Israel Post ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola malatsi a le mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2011. Se e ne e le setempe sa ntlha se se neng se neetswe lenaneo le le amanang le Wikimedia. Magareng ga malatsi a mane le borataro a kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2011, [[:en:Italian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Italy]] e ne ya nna e e sa fitlhelegeng ka bomo go ipelaetsa kgatlhanong le molao o o tshitshintsweng wa [[:en:Italian_Parliament|Palamente ya Italy]] wa [[:en:DDL_intercettazioni|DDL intercettazioni]], o, fa o ka amogelwa, o neng o tla letla motho ope fela go pateletsa mafelo a tshedimosetso go ntsha tshedimosetso e e tsewang e le e e seng boammaaruri kgotsa e e kgopisang, kwantle ga go ntsha bosupi.<ref>[https://www.pcmag.com/archive/italian-wikipedia-hidden-to-protest-wiretap-law-288689 "Italian Wikipedia Hidden To Protest WireTap Law"]. PC Magazine. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055529/https://www.pcmag.com/archive/italian-wikipedia-hidden-to-protest-wiretap-law-288689 Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Gape ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2011, Wikimedia e ne ya itsise go simololwa ga [[:en:Wikipedia_Zero|Wikipedia Zero]], e leng letsholo la go kgontsha phitlhelelo ya mahala ya megala ya mosokela tsebeng mo Wikipedia mo ditshebang tse di tlhabologang ka tirisanommogo le badirisi ba megala ya mosokela tsebeng.<ref>Kapoor, Amit (October 26, 2011). [https://blog.wikimedia.org/2011/10/26/wikipedia-seeks-global-operator-partners-to-enable-free-access/ "Wikipedia seeks global operator partners to enable free access]". Wikimedia blog. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150717070411/http://blog.wikimedia.org/2011/10/26/wikipedia-seeks-global-operator-partners-to-enable-free-access/ Archived] from the original on July 17, 2015.</ref><ref>"[[mw:Wikipedia_Zero|Wikipedia Zero]]". MediaWiki. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120529101704/http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikipedia_Zero Archived] from the original on May 29, 2012. Retrieved May 27, 2012.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2012 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikimedia Foundation Wikipedia Blackout SOPA January 18, 2012.theora.ogv|thumb|Babereki ba kwa [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlhong wa Wikimedia]] ka nako ya fa go ne go kgaoga emisiwa tirelo ya lefelo la tshedimosetso mo SOPA]] Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlholamalatsi a le lesome le borataro, motlhami-mmogo wa Wikipedia [[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Jimmy Wales]] o ne a itsise gore Wikipedia ya Seesemane e tla [[:en:2012_Wikipedia_blackout|tswallwa ruri]] dioura di le masome a mabedi le bone ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e le lesome le borobabobedi jaaka karolo ya boipelaetso jo bo neng bo ikaeletse go bitsa tlhokomelo ya setšhaba mo Molaong o o tshitshintsweng wa go [[:en:Stop_Online_Piracy_Act|Emisa Borukhutlhi jwa Inthanete]] le [[:en:PROTECT_IP_Act|Molao wa PROTECT IP]] , e leng melao e mebedi e e [[:en:Copyright_infringement|kgatlhanong le borukhutlhi jwa dithoto tsa bakwadi]] jwa [[:en:United_States_Congress|puthego ya United States]] ka fa tlase ga ngangisano. Ba ne ba bitsa kemiso ya tirelo ye ya lefelo la tshedimosetso "tshwetso ya baagi", Wales le baganetsi ba bangwe ba melao ba ne ba dumela gore e tla tsenya puo e e gololesegileng le boitshimololedi jwa mo inthaneteng mo kotsing.<ref>Ortenzi, T. J. (January 17, 2012). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/blogpost/post/wikipedia-blackout-coming-jan-18-says-co-founder-jimmy-wales/2012/01/16/gIQAh2Ke3P_blog.html "Wikipedia blackout coming Wednesday, says co-founder Jimmy Wales"]. The Washington Post. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160306052240/https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/blogpost/post/wikipedia-blackout-coming-jan-18-says-co-founder-jimmy-wales/2012/01/16/gIQAh2Ke3P_blog.html Archived] from the original on March 6, 2016. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Go emisa tirelo ga nakwana mo go tshwanang le mo go ne ga dirwa ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome ke [[:en:Russian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Russia,]] go ipelaetsa kgatlhanong le molao o o tshitshintsweng wa taolo ya inthanete ya Russia.<ref>[https://www.express.co.uk/news/world/332016/Russian-Wikipedia-shuts-in-protest "Russian Wikipedia shuts in protest]". UKPA via Google. July 10, 2012.</ref> Mo bokhutlong jwa kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2012, [[m:Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]] e ne ya itsise ka [[:en:Wikidata|Wikidata]], e leng boalo jwa lefatshe lotlhe jwa go abelana tshedimosetso fa gare ga dikgatiso tsotlhe tsa dipuo tsa Wikipedia.<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/wikipedia/posts/158388724283345 "Wikidata announcement on Facebook]". Wikimedia Deutschland. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160101031943/https://www.facebook.com/wikipedia/posts/158388724283345 Archived] from the original on January 1, 2016. Retrieved October 28, 2015.</ref><ref>Chalabi, Mona (April 26, 2013). "[https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2013/apr/26/wikidata-launch Welcome to Wikidata! Now what?]". [https://web.archive.org/web/20211002152920/https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2013/apr/26/wikidata-launch Archived] from the original on October 2, 2021. Retrieved October 2, 2021.</ref> Lenaneo la Wikidata la didolara di le didikadike di le sekete le bosupa tsa Amerika e ne e tlamelwa ke Google, [[:en:Gordon_and_Betty_Moore_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Gordon le Betty Moore]], le Setheo sa Allen sa Botlhale jwa Maitirelo<ref>Terdiman, Daniel. [https://www.cnet.com/culture/wikidata-to-provide-structured-data-for-all-wikipedia-versions/ "Wikidata to provide structured data for all Wikipedia versions"]. CNET. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055527/https://www.cnet.com/culture/wikidata-to-provide-structured-data-for-all-wikipedia-versions/ Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Wikimedia Deutschland e ne ya tsaya maikarabelo a kgato ya ntlha ya Wikidata, mme kwa tshimologong e ne e rulagantse go dira gore boalo bo nne teng mo barulaganying ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2012. Kgato ya ntlha ya Wikidata e ne ya simolola go dira ka botlalo ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2013.<ref>Perez, Sarah (March 30, 2012). [https://techcrunch.com/2012/03/30/wikipedias-next-big-thing-wikidata-a-machine-readable-user-editable-database-funded-by-google-paul-allen-and-others/ "Wikipedia's Next Big Thing: Wikidata, A Machine-Readable, User-Editable Database Funded By Google, Paul Allen And Others]". TechCrunch. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120817042610/http://techcrunch.com/2012/03/30/wikipedias-next-big-thing-wikidata-a-machine-readable-user-editable-database-funded-by-google-paul-allen-and-others/ Archived] from the original on August 17, 2012.</ref><ref name=":13">Pintscher, Lydia (February 13, 2013). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130219054033/http://blog.wikimedia.de/2013/02/13/wikidata-live-on-the-english-wikipedia/ "Wikidata live on the English Wikipedia]". Wikimedia Deutschland. Archived from [[the original]] on February 19, 2013. Retrieved February 15, 2013.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Justin Anthony Knapp (cropped).jpg|thumb|Justin Knapp]] Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2012, [[:en:Justin_Knapp|Justin Knapp]] o ne a nna mokwadi wa ntlha a le mongwe go dira diphetogo tse di fetang sedikadike se le sengwe mo Wikipedia.<ref>Titcomb, James (April 20, 2012). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/wikipedia/9215151/First-man-to-make-1-million-Wikipedia-edits.html "First man to make 1 million Wikipedia edits".] The Daily Telegraph. [https://web.archive.org/web/20151119233646/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/wikipedia/9215151/First-man-to-make-1-million-Wikipedia-edits.html Archived] from the original on November 19, 2015. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>Skelton, Alissa (April 24, 2012). [https://mashable.com/archive/wikipedia-volunteer-editor "Wikipedia Volunteer Editor Reaches 1 Million Edits"]. Mashable. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055529/https://mashable.com/archive/wikipedia-volunteer-editor Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Jimmy Wales o ne a akgola Knapp ka tiro ya gagwe mme a mo fa sekgele sa lefelo la tshedimosetso e le sa ''Barnstar'' ''e e'' ''Kgethegileng s'' le kabelo ya ''Golden Wiki'' ka ntlha ya phitlhelelo ya gagwe.<ref>"[https://www.engadget.com/2012/04/20/one-million-wikipedia-edits/ Hardest working man on the internet passes one million Wikipedia edits".] Engadget. April 20, 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120820003926/http://www.engadget.com/2012/04/20/one-million-wikipedia-edits Archived] from the original on August 20, 2012. Retrieved September 3, 2012.</ref> Wales gape e ne ya bolela gore kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi e tla nna "Letsatsi la ga Justin Knapp".<ref>Skelton, Alissa (April 23, 2012). [http://mashable.com/2012/04/23/wikipedia-volunteer-editor/ "Wikipedia Volunteer Editor Reaches 1 Million Edits"]. Mashable. [https://web.archive.org/web/20151119235227/http://mashable.com/2012/04/23/wikipedia-volunteer-editor/ Archived] from the original on November 19, 2015. Retrieved October 24, 2012.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2012, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona dipego tsa yone tsa didikadike di le nne, [[:en:Ezbet_El_Borg|Izbat al-Burj]].<ref>[http://blog.wikimedia.org.uk/2012/07/english-language-wikipedia-hits-4-million-articles/ "English language Wikipedia hits 4 million articles]!". [[:en:Wikimedia_UK|Wikimedia UK]] Blog. Wikimedia UK. July 13, 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121222030833/http://blog.wikimedia.org.uk/2012/07/english-language-wikipedia-hits-4-million-articles/ Archived] from the original on December 22, 2012. Retrieved July 13, 2012.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2012, raditso le morulaganyi wa Wikipedia [[:en:Richard_J._Jensen|Richard J. Jensen]] o ne a ntsha mogopolo wa gore Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne e "gaufi le go wediwa", a tlhokomela gore palo ya barulaganyi ba ba dirang ka dinako tsotlhe e ne e wetse tlase thata fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 2007, le fa Wikipedia e ne e gola ka bonako mo palong ya dipego le mo babading.<ref>Rosen, Rebecca J. (October 25, 2012). [https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/10/surmounting-the-insurmountable-wikipedia-is-nearing-completion-in-a-sense/264111/ "Surmounting the Insurmountable: Wikipedia Is Nearing Completion, in a Sense]". The Atlantic. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121028064456/http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/10/surmounting-the-insurmountable-wikipedia-is-nearing-completion-in-a-sense/264111/ Archived] from the original on October 28, 2012. Retrieved October 27, 2012.</ref> Go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Inthanete ya Alexa]], Wikipedia e ne e le lefelo la tshedimosetso la borataro le le tumileng thata mo lefatsheng go tloga ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2012.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org "Amazon Alexa]". alexa.com. Archived from [https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org the original] on August 25, 2020. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> [[:en:AllThingsD|Dow Jones]] e ne ya baya Wikipedia mo maemong a botlhano lefatshe ka bophara go tloga ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2012.<ref>[http://allthingsd.com/20121220/the-fifth-biggest-site-in-the-world-operated-on-a-budget-of-27m-last-year "The Fifth-Biggest Site in the World Operated on a Budget of $27M Last Year"]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131206225138/http://allthingsd.com/20121220/the-fifth-biggest-site-in-the-world-operated-on-a-budget-of-27m-last-year/ Archived] from the original on December 6, 2013. Retrieved December 3, 2013., by Liz Gannes; AllThingsD became a subsidiary of Dow Jones & Company Inc in 2005 and was absorbed into [[:en:The_Wall_Street_Journal|WSJ.com]] during 2013.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2013 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:Italian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya SeItaly]] e ne ya nna kgatiso ya botlhano ya puo ya Wikipedia go feta dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe, fa Wikipedia ya [[:en:Russian_Wikipedia|Se-Russia]] le ya [[:en:Spanish_Wikipedia|Sespanishe]] e ne ya oketsega ka dipego tsa tsone tsa sedikadike ka malatsi a le lesome le bongwe le lesome le borataro a kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka go latelana. Ka letsatsi la lesome le botlhano la kgwedi ya Phukwi di-Wikipedia tsa [[:en:Polish_Wikipedia|Se-Sweden]] le ka Lwetse a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bone tsa [[:en:Polish_Wikipedia|Se-Poland]] di ne tsa bona dipego tsa tsone tsa didikadike, mme tsa nna dikgatiso tsa borobabobedi le tsa borobongwe tsa Wikipedia go dira jalo. Ka letsatsi la masome a mabedi le bosaupa la kgwedi ya Ferikgong, [[:en:Main_belt_asteroid|asteroid ya konokono ya lebanta]] [[:en:274301_Wikipedia|274301]] e ne ya bidiwa semmuso "Wikipedia" ke [[:en:Committee_for_Small_Body_Nomenclature#Minor_planets|Komiti ya Maina a Mmele o Mennye]].<ref>Workman, Robert (February 5, 2013). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130206105134/http://www.technewsdaily.com/16749-asteroid-named-wikipedia.html "Asteroid Re-Named 'Wikipedia'"]. [[:en:TechMediaNetwork,_Inc.|TechNewsDaily]]. Archived from [http://www.technewsdaily.com/16749-asteroid-named-wikipedia.html the original] on February 6, 2013. Retrieved February 7, 2013.</ref> Kgato ya ntlha ya polokelo ya tshedimosetso ya [[:en:Wikidata|Wikidata]], e e neng e tlamela ka dikgokagano tsa dipuo tse di farologaneng le tshedimosetso e nngwe ka go itirisa, e ne ya nna teng mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2013.<ref name=":13" /> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:Direction_centrale_du_renseignement_intérieur|tirelo ya sephiri ya Fora]] e ne ya bonwa molato ka go leka go tlhotlhomisa Wikipedia ka go tshosetsa moithaopi wa Wikipedia ka go tshwarwa ntle le fa "tshedimosetso ya sephiri" ka ga [[:en:Pierre-sur-Haute_military_radio_station|seteišene sa radio sa sesole]] e ka phimolwa.<ref>Willsher, Kim (April 7, 2013). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/apr/07/french-secret-service-wikipedia-page "French secret service accused of censorship over Wikipedia page"]. The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20130930145033/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/apr/07/french-secret-service-wikipedia-page Archived] from the original on September 30, 2013. Retrieved April 9, 2013.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Wikimania 2013 - VisualEditor - The present and future of editing our wikis.webm|thumb|Pontsho ka ga [[:en:VisualEditor|Motseleganyi wa Ditshwantsho]] wa Wikipedia]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi, go ne ga simololwa thulaganyo ya go fetola ya [[:en:VisualEditor|VisualEditor]], e e neng ya bopa kgato ya ntlha ya maiteko a go letla gore dipego di fetotswe ka segokaganyi se se tshwanang le sa [[:en:Word_processor|setlhagisa mafoko]] go na le go dirisa [[:en:Wiki_markup|tshwao ya wiki]].<ref>Arthur, Charles (July 2, 2013). [https://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2013/jul/02/rabbit-contact-lens "Boot up: wireless contact lens, Wikipedia's visual editing, Samsung's share slide and more"]. The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131104201314/http://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2013/jul/02/rabbit-contact-lens Archived] from the original on November 4, 2013. Retrieved July 2, 2013.</ref> Go ne ga simololwa gape le morulaganyi yo o diretsweng [[:en:Smartphone|megala ya letheka ya segompieno]] le didirisiwa tse dingwe tsa megala ya mosokela tsebeng.<ref>Gonera, Juliusz (July 25, 2013). "[[diffblog:2013/07/25/edit-wikipedia-on-the-go/|Edit Wikipedia on the go]]". Diff. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230325104612/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2013/07/25/edit-wikipedia-on-the-go/ Archived] from the original on March 25, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2014 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikipedia Edit 2014.webm|left|thumb|Tshekatsheko ya sesupa ditshwantso sa diteng tsa Wikipedia ka ngwaga wa 2014, e rotloetsa babogedi go tseleganya Wikipedia]] Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2014, lenaneo la go dira kgatiso e e gatisitsweng ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane, e e nang le bogolo bo le sekete le ditsebe di feta didikadike di le dingwe le dikete di le lekgolo, e ne ya simololwa ke batsayakarolo ba Wikipedia ya Sejeremane.<ref name=":10" /> Lenaneo le ne le batla matlole ka [[:en:Indiegogo|Indiegogo]], mme e ne e ikaeletse go tlotla meneelo ya barulaganyi ba Wikipedia.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/feb/20/wikipedia-1000-volume-print-edition-crowdfunding "Wikipedia 1,000-volume print edition planned"]. The Guardian. February 20, 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140311014332/http://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/feb/20/wikipedia-1000-volume-print-edition-crowdfunding Archived] from the original on March 11, 2014. Retrieved April 12, 2014.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2014, sefikantswe sa ntlha sa Wikipedia se ne sa bulwa kwa toropong ya Poland ya Slubice.<ref>Day, Matthew (October 10, 2014). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/poland/11153603/Polish-town-to-build-statue-honouring-Wikipedia.html "Polish town to build statue honouring Wikipedia"]. The Daily Telegraph. [https://web.archive.org/web/20141011191441/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/poland/11153603/Polish-town-to-build-statue-honouring-Wikipedia.html Archived] from the original on October 11, 2014. Retrieved October 11, 2014.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola letsatsi le le borobabobedi, lesome le botlhano ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo, le kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2014, [[:en:Waray_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Waray]], [[:en:Vietnamese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Vietnam]] le [[:en:Cebuano_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Cebuano]] nngwe le nngwe ya tsone e ne ya feta letshwao la pego e le sedikadike se le sengwe. E ne e le Wikipedia ya bolesome, ya bolesome le bongwe le ya bolesom le bobedi go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Le fa di ne di na le badirisi ba le mmalwa fela ba ba matlhagatlhaga, di-Wikipedia tsa puo ya Se-Waray le Se-Cebuano di ne di na le palo e e kwa godimo ya dipego tse di tlhamilweng ka go itirisa tse di tlhamilweng ke di roboto. ==== Ngwaga wa 2015 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikipedia 5 million articles milestone video November 2015.ogv|thumb|Ditshwantsho tse di tshikinyegang tse di tshwayang phitlhelelo ya Wikipedia ya Setswana ya dipego di le didikadike di le tlhano ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e le letsatsi ka ngwaga wa 2015]] Mo bogareng jwa ngwaga wa 2015, Wikipedia e ne e le lefelo la tshedimosetso ya bosupa e e tumileng thata mo lefatsheng go ya [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Maranyane a Alexa]] ,<ref name=":14">[http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org# "Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20171009035134/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on October 9, 2017. Retrieved October 9, 2017.</ref> e ne e le kwa tlase ka lefelo le le lengwe go tswa mo maemong a e neng e le mo go one ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2012. Kwa tshimologong ya ngwaga wa 2015, Wikipedia e ne ya nna ensaetlopedia e kgolo go gaisa tsotlhe ya kitsokakaretso mo inthaneteng, ka palogotlhe e e kopantsweng ya dipego tse di fetang didikadike di le masome a mararo le borataro tsa lefelo le legolo mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a borobabongwe le bongwe.<ref name=":12" /> Ka palogare, Wikipedia e amogela palogotlhe ya dipono tsa ditsebe tsa lefatshe lotlhe di le dibilione di le lesome go tswa mo baeting ba ba kgethegileng ba ka nna didikadike di le makgolo a mane le masome a borobabongwe le botlhano kgwedi le kgwedi,<ref name=":10" /><ref>[[stats:wikimedia/squids/SquidReportPageViewsPerCountryOverview.htm|"Wikimedia Statistics"]]. April 20, 2011. [https://web.archive.org/web/20111020212633/http://stats.wikimedia.org/wikimedia/squids/SquidReportPageViewsPerCountryOverview.htm Archived] from the original on October 20, 2011. Retrieved October 14, 2011.</ref> go akaretsa le baeng ba le didikadike di le masome a borobabobedi le botlhano go tswa kwa lefatsheng la United States fela,<ref name=":11" /> kwa e leng lefelo la borataro le le ratiwang thata.<ref name=":14" /> [[Setshwantsho:Print Wikipedia (no subtitles).webm|thumb|Motaki [[:en:Michael_Mandiberg|Michael Mandiberg]] o bua ka [[:en:Print_Wikipedia|Wikipedia e e Gatisitsweng]].]] [[:en:Print_Wikipedia|Gatisa Wikipedia]] e ne e le lenaneo la botaki le le dirilweng ke [[:en:Michael_Mandiberg|Michael Mandiberg]] le le neng la dira gore go nne le bokgoni jwa go gatisa bogolo jwa volume di le dikete tse supa ,makgolo a mane le masome a supa le boraro tsa Wikipedia jaaka e ne e le teng ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a supa ka ngwaga wa 2015. Bogolo jwa volume nngwe le nngwe e na le ditsebe di le makgolo a le supa mme ke di le lekgolo le lesome fela tse di gatisitsweng ke motaki.<ref>Schuessler, Jennifer (June 16, 2015). [https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/17/books/moving-wikipedia-from-computer-to-many-many-bookshelves.html "Moving Wikipedia From Computer to Many, Many Bookshelves"]. [[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20161202120645/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/17/books/moving-wikipedia-from-computer-to-many-many-bookshelves.html Archived] from the original on December 2, 2016. Retrieved December 24, 2016.</ref> Ka letsatsi le le lengwe la kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2015, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e fitlheletse dipego di le didikadike tse tlhano ka go tlhamiwa ga pego ka ga [[:en:Persoonia_terminalis|''Persoonia terminalis'']], mofuta wa setlhatshana. Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boraro, Wikipedia e ne ya amogela [[:en:Princess_of_Asturias_Awards|''Sekgele sa Kgosigatsana ya Asturias sa Tirisanommogo ya Boditšhabatšhaba.'']]<ref>"[https://elpais.com/tecnologia/2015/06/17/actualidad/1434535111_709353.html Wikipedia, Premio Princesa de Asturias de Cooperación]". El País (in Spanish). June 17, 2015. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1134-6582 1134-6582]. Retrieved February 4, 2026.</ref><ref>Poyo, Ana (October 22, 2015). [https://www.vogue.es/moda/news/articulos/agenda-premios-princesa-asturias-2015-ceremonia-entrega-reyes-felipe-letizia-mejores-looks-leonor-de-borbon/23909 "Los Premios Princesa de Asturias 2015 (al detalle)"]. ''Vogue España'' (in European Spanish). Retrieved February 4, 2026.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2016 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le le lesome le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2016, [[:en:Japanese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejapane]] e ne ya feta letshwao la dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe, mme ya nna Wikipedia ya bolesometharo go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Setlhogo sa sedidikadike se ne se le sa Wave 224, e leng sekepe sa ka fa tlase ga metsi sa [[:en:World_War_II|Ntwa ya Lefatshe ya bobedi]] sa Sesole sa Lewatle sa Bogosi jwa Japane. Mo bogareng jwa ngwaga wa 2016, Wikipedia e ne ya nna gape lefelo la tshedimosetso la borataro le le tumileng thata mo lefatsheng go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]],<ref>"[http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org# Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160706214359/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on July 6, 2016. Retrieved July 7, 2016.</ref> e tlhatlogile ka lefelo le le lengwe go tswa mo maemong a e neng e le mo go one mo ngwageng o o fetileng. ==== Ngwaga wa 2017 ==== Mo bogareng jwa ngwaga wa 2017, Wikipedia e ne ya kwalwa jaaka lefelo la tshedimosetso ya botlhano e e ratiwang thata mo lefatsheng go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]],<ref>"[http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org# Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170704011642/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on July 4, 2017. Retrieved July 4, 2017.</ref> e tlhatlogile lefelo le le lengwe go tswa mo maemong a e neng e le mo go one mo ngwageng o o fetileng. Wikipedia Zero e dirilwe gore e nne teng kwa Iraq le kwa Afganistan. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabongwe 2017, [[:en:Block_of_Wikipedia_in_Turkey|go fitlhelela Wikipedia mo maranayaneng go ne ga thibelwa mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo kwa Turkey]] ke balaodi ba Turkey. Go thibelwa mo go ne ga tswelela go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano,ka ngwaga wa 2020, ka gonne [[:en:Judicial_system_of_Turkey|kgotlatshekelo ya Turkey]] e ne ya atlhola gore thibelo e e tlola ditshwanelo tsa batho. [[:en:Japanese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejapane]] e e tsenngwang mokgwa wa tshireletso kwa China fa e sale ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole a tlhola malatsia le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2017.<ref>[https://en.greatfire.org/https/ja.wikipedia.org "ja.wikipedia.org]". ''[[:en:GreatFire|GreatFire]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180120065845/https://en.greatfire.org/https/ja.wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on January 20, 2018. Retrieved April 7, 2018.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2018 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2018, palo ya dipego tsa [[:en:Chinese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Setšhaena]] e ne ya feta sedikadike se le sengwe mme ya nna Wikipedia ya bolesome le bone go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Wikipedia ya Setšhaena e thibetswe kwa [[:en:Mainland_China|Nagengkgolo ya China]] fa e sale ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 2015.<ref>[https://www.theverge.com/2015/9/4/9260981/jimmy-wales-wikipedia-china "Wikipedia founder defends decision to encrypt the site in China".] September 4, 2015. Archived from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved April 17, 2018.</ref> Moragonyana mo ngwageng, ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borataro , [[:en:Portuguese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sepotokisi]] e ne ya feta letshwao la dipego di le sedikadike ose le sengwe, ya nna Wikipedia ya bolesome le botlhano go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Setlhogo sa sedikadike e ne e le [[:pt:Perdão de Richard Nixon|Perdão de Richard Nixon]] ([[:en:Pardon_of_Richard_Nixon|Tshwarelo ya ga Richard Nixon)]]. Ka ngwaga wa2018, Wikipedia e ne ya boloka lenaane la yone jaaka lefelo la tshedimosetso ya botlhano e e ratiwang thata mo lefatsheng go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Inthanete ya Alexa]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org "Wikipedia.org Traffic, Demographics and Competitors – Alexa"]. alexa.com. Archived from the original on August 25, 2020. Retrieved October 28, 2018.</ref> Ntlha nngwe e e tlhomologileng e ne e le tiriso ya [[:en:Artificial_Intelligence|Botlhale jwa Maitirelo]] go tlhama dipego tse di kwadilweng ka ditlhogo tse di neng di tlhokomologilwe.<ref>"[https://www.theverge.com/2018/8/8/17663544/ai-scientists-wikipedia-primer AI spots 40,000 prominent scientists overlooked by Wikipedia]". The Verge. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180809023533/https://www.theverge.com/2018/8/8/17663544/ai-scientists-wikipedia-primer Archived] from the original on August 9, 2018. Retrieved October 28, 2018.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2019 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola masome a mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2019, balaodi ba China ba ne ba atolosa Wikipedia go nna mefuta ya dipuo tsotlhe.<ref>Gandolfo, Ryan. "[http://www.thatsmags.com/beijing/post/27660/wikipedia-currently-down-in-china Wikipedia Currently Down in China"]. That's Beijing. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190424081614/http://www.thatsmags.com/beijing/post/27660/wikipedia-currently-down-in-china Archived] from the original on April 24, 2019. Retrieved April 24, 2019.</ref><ref>Sukhbir Singh; Arturo Filastò; Maria Xynou (May 4, 2019). [https://ooni.io/post/2019-china-wikipedia-blocking/ "China is now blocking all language editions of Wikipedia"]. Open Observatory of Network Interference. Retrieved May 7, 2019. The following chart, based on OONI data, illustrates that multiple language editions of Wikipedia have been blocked in China as of April 2019.{...}OONI measurements show that many of these Wikipedia domains were previously accessible, but all measurements collected from 25 April 2019 onwards present the same DNS anomalies for all Wikipedia sub-domains.{...}Based on these tests, we were able to conclude that China Telecom does in fact block all language editions of Wikipedia by means of both DNS injection and SNI filtering.</ref> Nako ya go thibela e ne ya tsamaisana le [[:en:30th_anniversary_of_the_1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests|ngwaga wa masome a mararo a segopotso]] wa [[:en:1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre|ditshupetso le polao ya batho ba le bantsi kwa Tiananmen Square ka ngwaga wa 1989]] le ngwaga wa bo lekgolo wa [[:en:May_Fourth_Movement|Mokgatlho wa Motsheganong wa Bone]], mme seo sa felela ka gore [[:en:Internet_censorship_in_China|inthanete e tlhotlhomisiwe thata kwa China.]]<ref>[https://www.news18.com/news/world/ahead-of-tiananmen-anniversary-chinese-government-blocks-wikipedia-2142621.html "Ahead of Tiananmen Anniversary, Chinese Government Blocks Wikipedia"]. News18. May 15, 2019. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190602223335/https://www.news18.com/news/world/ahead-of-tiananmen-anniversary-chinese-government-blocks-wikipedia-2142621.html Archived] from the original on June 2, 2019. Retrieved June 2, 2019.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2019, go ya ka Alexa.com, Wikipedia e ne ya wela tlase go tswa mo maemong a botlhano go ya kwa maemong a bosupa mo lefelong la tshedimosetso mo lefatsheng ka ntlha ya go dirisa inthanete mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org wikipedia.org Competitive Analysis, Marketing Mix and Traffic – Alexa"]. alexa.com. Archived from [https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org the original] on August 25, 2020. Retrieved February 10, 2018.</ref> Ka one ngwaga oo, kopololo ya Wikipedia e ne ya romelwa kwa Ngweding, e le karolo ya [[:en:Arch_Mission_Foundation|lefelo la go bala la Arch Lunar]]. Ka ntlha ya go palelwa, sefofane se se dirisang mollo go fofa se ne sa thula mo godimo ga Ngwedi, mme, ka ntlha ya tiriso ya di polokelo tse di kgethegileng, tse di kgonang go emelana le nickel, go dumelwa gore kopololo e ne ya falola go thula.<ref>Taylor, Chris (April 17, 2019). [https://mashable.com/article/moon-library-beresheet-crash-wikipedia "There may be a copy of Wikipedia somewhere on the moon. Here's how to help find it"]. Mashable. Retrieved March 30, 2026.</ref> === Ngwagasome wa boraro: 2020–gompieno === Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa 2020, setlhogo sa didikadike di le thataro, e leng lokwalo la botshelo lwa ga [[:en:Maria_Elise_Turner_Lauder|Maria Elise Turner Lauder,]] se ne sa tsenngwa mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane. Le fa go ne go na le kgolo e ya dipego, go dirisana ga Wikipedia mo inthaneteng ya lefatshe lotlhe, jaaka go lekanngwa ke Alexa, go ne ga tswelela go fokotsega. Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2020, Wikipedia e ne ya wela mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ya bolesome le bongwe mo lefatsheng ka ntlha ya go dirisa inthanete mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref name=":15">[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org "wikipedia.org Competitive Analysis, Marketing Mix and Traffic – Alexa"]. alexa.com. Archived from [https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org the original] on August 25, 2020. Retrieved February 10, 2018.</ref> Bobedi jwa go bega ga Wikipedia ga mathata a [[:en:COVID-19_pandemic|bolwetsi jo bo neng jwa amana lefatshe lotlhe la COVID-19]] le diphetogo tse di tshegetsang, dipuisano, le e leng go phimolwa go ne go akanngwa gore ke motswedi o o mosola go bo ra ditso ba isago ba ba batlang go tlhaloganya paka eo ka botlalo.<ref>Harrison, Stephen (May 27, 2020). [https://slate.com/technology/2020/05/wikipedia-coronavirus-information-future-historians.html "Future Historians Will Need Access to Coronavirus Misinformation]". Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200527165139/https://slate.com/technology/2020/05/wikipedia-coronavirus-information-future-historians.html Archived] from the original on May 27, 2020. Retrieved June 9, 2020.</ref> [[:en:World_Health_Organization|Mokgatlho wa Lefatshe wa Boitekanelo]] o dirisane mmogo le Wikipedia jaaka motswedi wa konokono wa go anamisa tshedimosetso e e amanang le COVID-19 jaaka go thusa go lwantshana go anama ga tshedimosetso e e fosegileng.<ref>Matt, Chase (January 9, 2021). [https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higherhttps://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher "Wikipedia is 20, and its reputation has never been highe]r". [[:en:The_Economist|The Economist]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221231224550/https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher Archived] from the original on December 31, 2022. Retrieved January 9, 2021.</ref><ref>McNeil, Donald G. (October 22, 2020). [https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/22/health/wikipedia-who-coronavirus-health.html "Wikipedia and W.H.O. Join to Combat Covid-19 Misinformation"]. [[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20201227064918/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/22/health/wikipedia-who-coronavirus-health.html Archived] from the original on December 27, 2020. Retrieved October 25, 2020.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2021 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2021, [[:en:Wikipedia:20th_anniversary|ngwaga wa masome a mabedi wa segopotso sa Wikipedia]] o ne wa lemogiwa mo metsweding ya dikgang.<ref>Kelly, Heather (January 15, 2021). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/01/15/wikipedia-20-year-anniversary/ "Technology: On its 20th birthday, Wikipedia might be the safest place online]". [[:en:The_Washington_Post|The Washington Post]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210905012756/https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/01/15/wikipedia-20-year-anniversary/ Archived] from the original on September 5, 2021. Retrieved January 16, 2021. The world's largest online encyclopedia has learned lessons from fighting misinformation for two decades</ref><ref>Kent, German (January 15, 2021). "[https://www.cnet.com/news/in-a-post-truth-world-we-need-wikipedia-more-than-ever/ In a post-truth world, we need Wikipedia more than ever]". [[:en:CNET|CNET]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220221144855/https://www.cnet.com/news/in-a-post-truth-world-we-need-wikipedia-more-than-ever/ Archived] from the original on February 21, 2022. Retrieved January 16, 2021. Commentary: Wikipedia celebrated its 20th anniversary today. The free encyclopedia may not be exciting, but its neutral, volunteer-driven content is incredibly valuable.</ref><ref>"[https://www.dw.com/en/world-in-progress-20-years-of-wikipedia/av-56212410 World in Progress: 20 years of Wikipedia]" (Audio). [[:en:Deutsche_Welle|Deutsche Welle]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221005082902/https://www.dw.com/en/world-in-progress-20-years-of-wikipedia/av-56212410 Archived] from the original on October 5, 2022. Retrieved January 17, 2021. The year marks the 20th anniversary of Wikipedia. Every month, more than 1.7 billion people visit the open-source website in search of information about, well, just about anything! We speak with Dr. Bernie Hogan from the [[:en:Oxford_Internet_Institute|Oxford Internet Institute]] about Wikipedia's successes, where it fits into the discrimination crisis, and the website's future.</ref><ref>[[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Wales, Jimmy]] (January 14, 2021). [https://news.yahoo.com/wikipedia-turns-20-aims-reach-035212015.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly9zZWFyY2gueWFob28uY29tLw&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAHKHaTI72xUEUz_BdVPt8DFvi-uLdmApcbSckrJrAbM_GpTwHsHtNHRdxX-KYAS6xk81e_p_w46bfh10PJVV7cmUzE-pWR5gsID2T8Kd1k0u-2r78p4Y4V16CKTPFcWRJzV0LwQMJyuEeeR7Vv-_lfVBiCT30KvF47aGzyE3QP-a "As Wikipedia turns 20 it aims to reach more readers"]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220923105157/https://news.yahoo.com/wikipedia-turns-20-aims-reach-035212015.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly9zZWFyY2gueWFob28uY29tLw&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAHKHaTI72xUEUz_BdVPt8DFvi-uLdmApcbSckrJrAbM_GpTwHsHtNHRdxX-KYAS6xk81e_p_w46bfh10PJVV7cmUzE-pWR5gsID2T8Kd1k0u-2r78p4Y4V16CKTPFcWRJzV0LwQMJyuEeeR7Vv-_lfVBiCT30KvF47aGzyE3QP-a Archived] from the original on September 23, 2022. Retrieved January 17, 2021 – via [[:en:Yahoo!|Yahoo]]!. Wikipedia is the web's seventh-most visited site</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malalatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2021, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya fitlhelela diphetogo di le dibilione di le nngwe, koo tseleganyo ya bobilione e neng ya dirwa ke [[:en:Steven_Pruitt|Steven Pruitt]]<ref>"[https://www.vice.com/en/article/the-english-language-wikipedia-just-had-its-billionth-edit/ The English Language Wikipedia Just Had Its Billionth Edit"]. [[:en:Vice_(magazine)|Vice]]. January 15, 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210115145145/https://www.vice.com/en/article/k7appn/the-english-language-wikipedia-just-had-its-billionth-edit Archived] from the original on January 15, 2021. Retrieved February 26, 2021.</ref> [[:en:MIT_Press|MIT Press]] e gatisitse buka e e [[:en:Open_access|bulegileng ya ditlhamo]] [[:en:Wikipedia_@_20|''Wikipedia @ 20'']]: ''Dikgang tsa Phetogo e e sa Fediwang'', e e rulagantsweng ke [[:en:Joseph_M._Reagle_Jr.|Joseph Reagle]] le Jackie Koerner ka ditshwaelo go tswa go ba-Wikipedia ba ba tlhageletseng, ba-Wikimedia, babatlisisi, babegadikgang, ba lefelo la dibuka le baitseanape ba bangwe ba ba akanyang ka ditiragalo tse di rileng le<ref>Reagle, Joseph; Koerner, Jackie, eds. (2020). [https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/wikipedia-20 Wikipedia @ 20: Stories of an Incomplete Revolution]. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0262538176|978-0262538176.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20220716055539/https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/wikipedia-20 Archived] from the original on July 16, 2022. Retrieved November 12, 2021.</ref>. Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2021, Wikipedia e ne e wetse mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ya bolesometharo mo lefatsheng ka ntlha ya go dirisa inthanete mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref name=":15" /> ==== Ngwaga wa 2022 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2022, Modiri wa Wikipedia Richard Knipel o ne a tlhama setlhogo sa [[:en:Artwork_title|setlhogo sa Botaki]], se poeletso ya sone ya ntlha e neng e le mokwalo yo o santseng o tla baakangwa e e tlhagisitsweng ke [[:en:ChatGPT|ChatGPT]] e Knipel a neng a e dirile diphetogo tse dinnye go tsamaisana thata le maemo a Wikipedia. Knipel o boletse mo [[:en:Talk_page|tsebeng ya puisano]] gore o dumela gore ke lekgetlo la ntlha mongwe a dirisa ChatGPT go tlhama pego ya Wikipedia. Go romelwa ga pego e go ne ga kgalwa ke barulaganyi ba bangwe mme ga tsosa kganetsano mo setšhabeng sa Wikipedia, mme se sa dira gore go nne le kganetsano e e tseneletseng ka gore a ChatGPT le dikai tse di tshwanang le yone di tshwanetse go dirisiwa mo go kwaleng diteng tsa Wikipedia le gore, fa go le jalo, di tshwanetse go dirisiwa go le kana kang.<ref>Harrison, Stephen (January 12, 2023). [https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/chatgpt-wikipedia-articles.html "Should ChatGPT Be Used to Write Wikipedia Articles?]". Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230128200141/https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/chatgpt-wikipedia-articles.html Archived] from the original on January 28, 2023. Retrieved January 30, 2023.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2023 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2023, segokaganyi sa sesupa ditlhaka sa tafole sa Wikipedia se ne sa fetolwa lekgetho la ntlha fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 2010, go nna sebopedgo se sesha se se bitswang [[:en:Vector_2022|Vector 2022]].<ref>"[[foundationsite:news/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-a-fresh-new-look-first-desktop-update-in-a-decade-puts-usability-at-the-forefront/|Wikipedia Gets a Fresh New Look: First Desktop Update in a Decade Puts Usability at the Forefront]]". Wikimedia Foundation. January 18, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230119234339/https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-a-fresh-new-look-first-desktop-update-in-a-decade-puts-usability-at-the-forefront/ Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> Segokakanyi sa modirisi se segolo se sesha se ne sa nyatswa thata ke badirisi. Dikganetso tse dintsi di ne di tlhomile mogopolo mo thulaganyong ya bophara jo bo tlhomameng, e e neng ya dira gore go nne le sebaka se sesweu se se feteletseng mo dintlheng tsa dimonithara tse di bulegileng, mme se sa dira gore go nne le motlotlo wa mafoko a le dikete tse borobabongwe wa gore a letlalo le lesha le tshwanetse go nna le le tlwaelesegileng. [[:en:Swahili_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seswahili]] e ne ya tlhopa ka bongwefela jwa pelo go gana letlalo le lesha mme "ka bokhutshwane" ya batla gore go boelwe kwa letlalong la bogologolo. Go tshwaiwa phoso go gongwe go ne ga lebisiwa kwa Mokgatlhong wa Wikimedia ka go thapa setlhopha sa batlhami se se nang le maitemogelo a a lekanyeditsweng mo diwiki. Brandon Harris, yo e neng e le motlhami yo mogolo kwa Wikipedia go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2010 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2014, o ne a re: "Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia gantsi o thapa batlhami ba ba sa tlwaelanang le baagi, mme ba tsena abo ba leka go dira diphetogo tseo tsotlhe—ba taboga ka tlhogo pele go nna shaga ya modumo —mme baagi ba gana ka tsela e e utlwalang]".<ref>Rauwerda, Annie (January 18, 2023). [https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/wikipedia-redesign-vector-2022-skin.html "Wikipedia's Redesign Is Barely Noticeable. That's the Point"]. Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120005241/https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/wikipedia-redesign-vector-2022-skin.html Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Wikimedia Sound Logo Finalist VQ97.wav|thumb|Letshwao la modumo la Wikimedia (go akaretsa le Wikipedia)<ref name=":16">[[foundationsite:news/2023/03/28/wikipedias-new-sound-logo-winner/|"Wikipedia's new sound logo: Winner of The Sound of All Human Knowledge contest announced".]] Wikimedia Foundation. March 28, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230406101352/https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/03/28/wikipedias-new-sound-logo-winner/ Archived] from the original on April 6, 2023. Retrieved May 2, 2023.</ref>]] Morago ga therisano le kgaisano, letshwao [[:en:Sound_logo|la ntlha la modumo]] la Wikimedia (go akaretsa le Wikipedia) le ne la amogelwa.<ref name=":16" /> ==== Ngwaga wa 2024 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a lelesome le boraro, ka ngwaga wa 2024, kopololo ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane, e e bolokilweng mo [[:en:5D_optical_data_storage|polokelong ya tshedimosetso ya 5D optical]], e ne ya tsenngwa mo lefelong la patlisiso le le ka fa tlase ga lefatshe kwa Switzerland, le le nang le kgonagalo ya go bolokwa dingwaga di ka nna dibilione di le lesome le bone, ka ntlha ya maranyane ya polokelo e e dirisitsweng. Kopololo e ka balega ka go dirisa [[:en:Microscope|sedirisiwa sa go godisa dilo tse dinnye gore di bonale sentle]], kwantle ga go tlhoka go dirisa [[:en:Digital_electronics|thekenoloji ya maranyane a segompieno]] .<ref>"[https://www.archmission.org/gkv Global Knowledge Vault]". Arch Mission Foundation - Preserving humanity forever, in space and on Earth. Retrieved May 26, 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2024, kopololo ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya goroga ka katlego mo Ngweding, jaaka karolo ya lenaneo la Galactic Legacy Archive. Thomo e ne ya dirwa ke [[:en:Intuitive_Machines|Metšhini ya Intuitive]], fa sefofane se se dirisang mollo sone se ne sa itsisiwe semmuso ke [[:en:SpaceX|SpaceX]]. Tshedimosetso e e ne e bolokilwe jaaka e e dirisang dikarolo di le lesome le borataro tsa nickel, mme go akanyediwa gore e ka nna mo godimo ga Ngwedi dingwaga di ka nna dibilione di le tlhano. <ref>"[https://www.archmission.org/galactic-legacy-archive Galactic Legacy Archive]". Arch Mission Foundation - Preserving humanity forever, in space and on Earth. Retrieved May 26, 2026.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2025 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Work-in-progress animation of the Wikipedia 25 birthday mascot scrolling on a phone.gif|thumb|Setshwantsho sa Baby Globe e tsamayatsamaya mo mogaleng wa letheka]] Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano, Wikipedia e ne ya keteka ngwaga wa yone wa masome a mabedi le botlhano.<ref>[https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00074-1 "Wikipedia is needed now more than ever, 25 years on"]. Nature. 649 (8099): 1079–1080. January 28, 2026. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00074-1|10.1038/d41586-026-00074-1]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1476-4687 1476-4687.]</ref> Go ne ga tlhamiwa motseletsele wa ditokomane le "lebokoso la go boloka dilo tsa nako" jaaka karolo ya meletlo.<ref>Roth, Emma (January 15, 2026). [https://www.theverge.com/news/861935/wikipedia-25th-anniversary-2026 "Wikipedia turns 25 and shares a glimpse into the lives of its volunteer editors]". The Verge. Retrieved February 25, 2026.</ref> Go ne ga gololwa setshwantsho se se tlhamilweng ke modirisi BaduFerreira se se bidiwang [[:en:Baby_Globe|Baby Globe]]. E ne ya tlhagelela fa mokgwa wa letsatsi la matsalo o ne o kgontshitswe mo Wikipedia. Go ne ga tlhamiwa [[:en:Plush|seaparo]] sa Baby Globe se se ka [[:en:Collectable|kokoanngwang]] ka tirisanommogo le Makeship.<ref>Fear, Natalie (January 15, 2026). [https://www.creativebloq.com/design/wikipedia-unveils-adorable-mascot-for-25th-anniversary "Wikipedia's new mascot is too cute for words"]. Creative Bloq. Retrieved February 25, 2026.</ref> Baby Globe e ne ya tlosiwa mo lefelong la Wikipedia ka kgwedi ya Moranang a le malatsi a le supa.<ref>"[[foundationsite:wikipedia25/wikipedia-mascot/|Meet Baby Globe, Wikipedia's 25th birthday mascot]]". Wikimedia Foundation. Retrieved April 14, 2026.</ref> Ka Mopitlwe 27, Wikipedia e ne ya thibela tiriso ya diteng tse di tlhamilweng ke di-LLM mo diathikeleng tsa yone, kwa ntle ga dithanolo le diphetogo tse dinnye tsa dikhopi.[171][172] Ka Motsheganong 11, Wikipedia e ne ya golola Kgwetlho ya go Bala ya Ngwaga wa bo 25 wa tiriswa ya iOS go tloga ka Motsheganong 11 go fitlha ka Seetebosigo 18, mme Baby Globe e ne ya tlhagisiwa gape.[173] == Hisetori go ya ka serutwa == === Serwethata le serweboleta === Athikele ya konokono: MediaWiki Sofotewere e e tsamaisang Wikipedia, le serweboleta sa khomphiutha, dipolase tsa disefara le ditsamaiso tse dingwe tse Wikipedia e ikaegileng ka tsone. * Ka Ferikgong 2001, Wikipedia e ne ya tsamaya mo UseModWiki, e e kwadilweng ka Perl ke Clifford Adams. Seva e sa ntse e sebetsa ho Linux, le ha mongolo wa mantlha o ne o bolokilwe difaeleng ho ena le polokelotshedimosetsong. Ditlhogo di ne tsa bidiwa ka kopano ya CamelCase. * Ka Ferikgong 2002, "Kgato II" ya sofotewere ya wiki e e nayang Wikipedia maatla e ne ya tlhagisiwa, e e neng ya emisetsa UseModWiki ya bogologolo. E kwaletswe porojeke eno ka tlhamalalo ke Magnus Manske, e ne e akaretsa enjene ya wiki ya PHP. * Ka Phukwi 2002, go kwalwa sešwa go gogolo ga sofotewere e e nayang Wikipedia maatla go ne ga simolola; e e bidiwang "Kgato III", e ne ya tsaya sebaka sa mofuta wa bogologolo wa "Kgato II", mme ya nna MediaWiki. E kwadilwe ke Lee Daniel Crocker go tsibogela ditlhokego tse di oketsegang tsa porojeke e e golang. * Ka Diphalane 2002, Derek Ramsey o ne a tlhama bot – thulaganyo e e itirisang e e bidiwang Rambot – go oketsa palo e ntsi ya diathikele tse di buang ka ditoropo tsa United States; diathikele tseno di ne tsa tlhagisiwa ka go itirisa go tswa mo tshedimosetsong ya palobatho ya U.S. Ka jalo o ne a oketsa palo ya diathikele tsa Wikipedia ka 33 832.[174] Se se biditswe "kgato e e tsosang kganetsano go gaisa mo hisitoring ya Wikipedia".[175] * Ka Ferikgong 2003, go ne ga okediwa ka tshegetso ya difomula tsa dipalo mo TeX. Khoutu e ne ya ntshiwa ke Tomasz Węgrzanowski. * Ka di 9 Seetebosigo 2003, segokaganyi sa ISBN sa Wikipedia se ne sa fetolwa go dira gore di-ISBN mo diathikeleng di golagane le Special:Metswedi ya Dibuka, e e tsayang diteng tsa yone go tswa mo tsebeng e e ka rulaganngwang ke modirisi ya Wikipedia:Metswedi ya dibuka. Pele ga se, dintlha tsa kgokagano ya ISBN di ne tsa tsenngwa khoutu mo sofotewereng mme go ne ga tshitshinngwa tse dišwa mo tsebeng ya Wikipedia:ISBN. Bona tseleganyo e e fetotseng seno. * Morago ga 6 Sedimonthole 2003, melaetsa e e farologaneng ya tsamaiso e e neng e bontshiwa badirisi ba Wikipedia e ne e sa tlhole e tsentswe dikhoutu tse di thata, mme seno se ne sa dira gore batsamaisi ba Wikipedia ba kgone go fetola dikarolo dingwe tsa segokaganyi sa MediaWiki, jaaka molaetsa o o neng o bontshiwa badirisi ba ba thibetsweng. * Ka di 12 Tlhakole 2004, ditiro tsa disefara di ne tsa fudusiwa go tswa kwa San Diego, kwa California go ya kwa Tampa, kwa Florida.[176] * Ka di 29 Motsheganong 2004, diwebosaete tsotlhe tse di farologaneng di ne tsa tlhabololwa go nna mofuta o mošwa wa serweboleta sa MediaWiki. * Ka la 30 Motsheganong 2004, go ne ga tlhagelela ditiragalo tsa ntlha tsa ditsenngwa tsa "go aroganngwa ka ditlhopha". Dikema tsa ditlhopha, jaaka Diphetogo tsa Bosheng le Tseleganya Tsebe Eno, di ne di ntse di le teng fa e sa le Wikipedia e tlhongwa. Le fa go ntse jalo, Sanger o ne a lebile dikema jaaka manaane, le diathikele tse di tsenngwang ka diatla, fa maiteko a go aroganya a ne a ikaegile ka ditsenngwa tsa go aroganya ka bongwe mo athikeleng nngwe le nngwe ya saetlopedia, jaaka karolo ya go aroganya ka ditlhopha go gogolo go go itirisang ga diathikele tsa saetlopedia.[177] * Morago ga 3 Seetebosigo 2004, batsamaisi ba ne ba ka tseleganya setaele sa segokaganyi ka go fetola CSS mo pampiring ya setaele sa buka e le nngwe mo MediaWiki:Monobook.css. * Gape ka 30 Motsheganong 2004, ka MediaWiki 1.3, go ne ga tlhamiwa lefelo la maina la Thempoleite, le le letlang go tsenngwa ga ditlhangwa tse di tlwaelegileng . * Ka di 7 Seetebosigo 2005 ka 3:00 a.m. ka Nako e e Tlwaelegileng ya Botlhaba, bontsi jwa disefara tsa Wikimedia di ne tsa fudusediwa kwa lefelong le lesha le le ka kwa ga mmila. Diporojeke tsotlhe tsa Wikimedia di ne di sa dire ka nako eno. * Ka Mopitlwe 2013, kgato ya ntlha ya polokelotshedimosetso ya Wikidata ya interwiki e ne ya nna teng mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo tsa Wikipedia.[121] * Ka Phukwi 2013, go ne ga tlhongwa segokaganyi sa go tseleganya sa VisualEditor, se se neng se letla badirisi go tseleganya Wikipedia ba dirisa morulaganyi wa mafoko wa WYSIWYG (o o tshwanang le modirisiwa wa go rulaganya mafoko) go na le go tshwaya wiki.[132] Segokaganyi sa go tseleganya se se tokafaditsweng didiriswa tsa selulafouno le sone se ne sa gololwa ==== '''Ponalo le mokgwa wa tiriso''' ==== ''Ponalo ya kwa ntle ya Wikipedia, tsela e e lebegang ka yone, mokgwa o e dirang ka one, le letshwao la yone (branding), tsotlhe jaaka di bonwa ke badirisi''. Ka la 4 Moranang 2002, BrilliantProse, e moragonyana e neng ya bidiwa Featured Articles (Ditlhogo tse di Tlhophilweng), e ne ya fudusiwa go tswa mo lefelong la ditlhogo go ya mo lefelong la Wikipedia. Mo e ka nnang ka la 15 Diphalane 2003, go ne ga tsenngwa letshwao (logo) le lesha la Wikipedia. Kgopolo ya letshwao leo e ne ya tlhophiwa ka tshegetso ya ditlhopho, mme morago ga moo ga latela tshekatsheko ya go tlhopha mofuta o o gaisang. Letshwao la bofelo le ne la tlhamiwa ke David Friedland (yo o dirisang leina la “nohat” mo Wikipedia), le ikaegile ka mokgwa le kgopolo tse di neng tsa tlhamiwa ke Paul Stansifer. Ka la 22 Tlhakole 2004, karolo ya “Did You Know (DYK)” e ne ya tlhagelela la ntlha mo Tsebeng e Kgolo (Main Page). Ka la 23 Tlhakole 2004, ka nako ya 19:46 UTC, Tsebe e Kgolo e ne ya fiwa ponalo e ntšha e e neng e rulagantswe sentle. Ponalo eno e ne ya akaretsa ditlhogo tse di tlhophilweng tsotlhe ka seatla, tse di neng di akaretsa:Setlhogo se se Tlhophilweng sa Letsatsi (Daily Featured Article),Ditiragalo tsa Segopotso (Anniversaries),Mo Dikgang (In the News),le Did You Know (DYK). Ka '''la 10 Ferikgong 2005''', go ne ga tlhongwa '''porata ya dipuo tsotlhe''' mo atereseng ya '''www.wikipedia.org''', e e neng ya emisetsa go romela badirisi ka tlhamalalo kwa Wikipedia ya Seesimane. Ka la 5 Tlhakole 2005, Portal:Biology e ne ya tlhamiwa, mme ya nna porata ya ntlha ya setlhogo sengwe (thematic portal) mo Wikipedia ya Seesimane. Le fa go ntse jalo, kgopolo eno e ne e setse e simolotswe mo Wikipedia ya Sejeremane, kwa Portal:Recht (Dithuto tsa Molao) e neng ya tlhongwa ka Diphalane 2003. Ka la 16 Phukwi 2005, Wikipedia ya Seesimane e ne ya simolola mokgwa wa go tlhagisa setshwantsho se se tlhophilweng sa letsatsi mo Tsebeng e Kgolo. Ka la 19 Mopitlwe 2006, morago ga ditlhopho, Tsebe e Kgolo ya Wikipedia ya Seesimane e ne ya fetolwa sešwa la ntlha morago ga dingwaga di ka nna pedi. Ka la 13 Motsheganong 2010, wepsaete e ne ya golola sebopego se sesha (interface). Dikarolo tse disha di ne di akaretsa: * letshwao (logo) le le ntšhafaditsweng, * didirisiwa tse disha tsa go tsamaya mo wepsaeteng, * le sedirisiwa sa go thusa go tlhama dikgokagano (link wizard). === Diphetogo tsa thulaganyo ka 2023 === Vector 2022, e leng ntšhwafatso ya Vector 2010 ya letlalo la pele la Wikipedia, e ne ya itsisiwe ka Lwetse 2020, mme kwa tshimologong e ne e rulaganyeditswe go tlhagelela ka 2021, pele ga e ka dirisiwa ka Ferikgong 2023.[183] Ka Ferikgong 2023, Wikimedia e ne e dirile gore ntšhwafatso e nne teng mo dikgatisong tsa yone tsa puo di le 300; e ne e le tlwaelo ya diphetolelo tsa Searabia le Segerika.[184][163][185] Vector 2022 e na le segokanyimmediamentsi sa sebolokigolo sa modirisi se se tlhabolotsweng se se dirang diphetogo tse dintsi mo thulaganyong ya dielemente tsa segokaganyi. Gareng ga tsone, menyu wa go tlhopha puo, o pele o neng o le kafa molemeng wa sekerini, jaanong o fitlhelwa mo sekhutlong se se kwa godimo sa moja sa pontsho ya setlhogo se se balwang gone jaanong.[185] Mo godimo ga moo, bara e e kafa thoko e a phuthega ka fa morago ga konopo ya hamburger. Vector 2022 gape e oketsa dintlha tsa pontsho ya athikele, e e nang le phelelo ya go lekanyetsa bophara jwa athikele;[185] go na le toggle e e ka fokotsang dintlha le go atolosa bophara jwa mola wa athikele go tlatsa sekerini.[186][163] Bogolo jwa thulaganyetsoruri jwa sekwalwa ga bo ise bo okediwe, le fa Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia o boleletse Engadget gore o solofela go dira seno kgetho mo isagong.[184] Tiro ya patlo le yone e ne ya tlhabololwa mo Vector 2022, ka gonne dipholo tse di tshitshintsweng go araba dipotso tsa modirisi jaanong di akaretsa ditshwantsho le ditlhaloso tse dikhutshwane go tswa mo ditsebeng tse go buiwang ka tsone.[185][187] Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia o ne wa bolela gore phetogo eno e ne e tlhotlhelediwa ke keletso ya go dira gore lefelo leno le nne la segompieno le go tokafatsa maitemogelo a go tsamaya le go tseleganya mo babading ba ba senang maitemogelo a inthanete, ka gonne letlalo la pele le ne le tsewa le le "le le sa siamang le le le fekeetsang."[183][184][186] Diteko tse di dirilweng ke motheo di ne tsa oketsa dipholo tsa mokgatlho ono. dipatlisiso, le phokotsego ya diperesente di le 15 ya go phetlha.[184][186] Diphetolelo tsa ntlha tsa Vector 2022 di ne tsa simolola go dirisiwa la ntlha ka 2020 mo mafelong a Wikipedia a puo ya Sefora, Sehebera le Sepotokisi,[183] ​​jaaka fa dikarolo tse disha tsa letlalo di ne di phasaladiwa mo badirising gore di lekwe ka iketlo pele ga le gololwa ka botlalo.[188] Letlalo le ne la simolola go dirisiwa jaaka letlalo la thulaganyetsoruri la babadi ba mafelo a Wikimedia ka dipuo di le 300 (mo go tse 318) ka Ferikgong 18 2023.[184][163][185] Morago ga go phasaladiwa ka bontsi ga Vector 2022, go santse go kgonega go bala Wikipedia o dirisa letlalo le le fetileng. Le fa go ntse jalo, go dira jalo go tlhoka gore babadi ba ikwadisetse akhaonto ya Wikipedia, mme morago ba sete ditlhopho tsa bone go bontsha Vector 2010 boemong jwa seo.[185] Ga go na diphetogo tse di dirilweng mo matlalong a Wikipedia a a leng teng jaaka Monobook le Timeless, tse le tsone di sa ntseng di le teng go ka dirisiwa.[163][189] Badirisi ba Wikipedia ba ne ba kgaogane ka diphetogo tseno. Kopo ya tshwaelo mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane e e botsang baagi gore a Vector 2022 e tshwanetse go dirisiwa kgotsa nnyaa jaaka letlalo la thulaganyetsoruri le kokoantse mafoko a a fetang 90,000 mo dikarabong.[163] Batshwayadiphoso ba go tlhamiwa sešwa ba ne ba ganetsa thata sebaka se sesweu se se tlogetsweng se le lolea mo letlalong le lešwa, fa badirisi ba bangwe ba ne ba nyatsa batshwayadiphoso ba re ba na le kganetso ya phetogo.[163] Barulaganyi ba le 165 ba ba neng ba tsaya karolo mo motlotlong ba ne ba sa amogele letlalo le lešwa, fa ba le 153 ba ne ba rata, mme ba le robongwe ba ne ba nna ba sa tseye letlhakore.[190][163][191] Le fa go ne go na le palo e kgolo ya barulaganyi ba ba neng ba tlhagisa gore ga ba batle gore Vector 2022 e dirisiwe ka sebopego sa yone sa ga jaana, ka tumalano mo Wikipedia e sa tsewe tshwetso ka boutu, motlotlo o ne wa tswalelwa go rata go tlhamiwa sešwa, go akanyediwa ditshwaelo tse di siameng tse di tlogetsweng ke badirisi ba bangwe.[13] Batlhami ba Vector 2022 ba dirile diphetogo dingwe mo letlalong go tsibogela ditshwaelo, tse di jaaka go tsenya toggle go kgontsha diteng tsa athikele go tlatsa bophara jotlhe jwa sekerini.[163][192] Badirisi ba Wikipedia ya Seswahili ba ne ba sa dumalane ka bongwefela jwa pelo le go tsenngwa tirisong ga letlalo le lešwa.[163] Babegadikgang ba ba neng ba tsibogela go phasaladiwa ga Vector 2022 ba ne ba tsaya ntšhwafatso le dikarolo tse disha tse di tlhagisitsweng e le ditlaleletso tse di mosola, mme ka kakaretso ba ne ba tlhalosa letlalo jaaka ntšhwafatso e nnye e e neng ya se ka ya fetola maitemogelo a bone a go bala mo Wikipedia.[187][163][186] Annie Rauwerda, motlhami wa diakhaonto tsa media wa loago tsa Boteng jwa Wikipedia, o kwadile mo Slate gore Vector 2022 e ne e sa "farologane thata" le letlalo le le fetileng. Rauwerda o ne a lemoga gape go tshwana fa gare ga tsibogo ya baagi ba Wikipedia kgatlhanong le moakanyetso le dikganetso tsa nako e e fetileng tsa diphetogo tse di tshwanang tsa pono mo mafelong a a tlwaelegileng a a jaaka Reddit.[163] Rauwerda, le Mike Pearl wa Mashable, ba ne ba akgela ka gore badirisi ba ba sa itumeleleng phetogo eno ba ka nna ba sekaseka mo motlotlong o o buang ka letlalo, kgotsa ba dirisa ditiriso tsa go itebaganya tse di ageletsweng mo saeteng eno go fetola maitemogelo a bone a go bala.[190][163] === Go kokoanya madi === [[Setshwantsho:WMF Support and Revenue, Expenses and Net Assets at Year End.jpg|thumb|Tlhabololo ya matlole ya Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia (ka US$), 2003–2023]] Ngwaga le ngwaga, Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia o tsamaisa matsholo a go kokoanya madi mo Wikipedia go tshegetsa ditiro tsa one. Tseno ka kakaretso di tsaya mo e ka nnang kgwedi mme di diragala ka dinako tse di farologaneng tsa ngwaga mo dinageng tse di farologaneng. Mo godimo ga dibenara tsa go kokoanya madi mo Wikipedia ka boyone, go na gape le matsholo a imeile; diimeile dingwe di laletsa batho go tlogela madi a Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia mo diwiling tsa bone.[224][225] Lotseno lo tlhatlogile ngwaga le ngwaga wa go nna teng ga Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia, lwa fitlha go dimilione di le US$180.17 go tloga ka 30 Seetebosigo 2023, fa lo bapisiwa le ditshenyegelo tsa dimilione di le US$169.1.[226][227] Mo godimo ga moo, Wikimedia Endowment, e leng maiteko a a farologaneng a go kokoanya madi a a simolotsweng ka 2016, a ne a fitlha go dimilione di le $100 ka 2021, dingwaga di le tlhano ka bonako go feta ka fa go neng go rulagantswe ka gone.[228] Ditlamorago tsa kwa ntle Ka 2007, Wikipedia e ne ya tsewa e tshwanela go dirisiwa jaaka motswedi o mogolo ke Ofisi ya Thoto ya Tlhaloganyo ya UK mo katlholong ya kgetse ya letshwaokgwebo la Formula One.[229] Fa nako e ntse e ile, Wikipedia e ne ya amogelwa ke metswedi ya dikgang e e tlwaelegileng jaaka "motswedi o o botlhokwa" wa ditiragalo tse disha tse dikgolo, tse di jaaka thoromo ya lefatshe ya Lewatle la India ya 2004 le tsunami e e amanang le yone, ditlhopho tsa Boporesidente tsa Amerika tsa 2008,[230] le go thuntshiwa ga Virginia Tech ka 2007. Setlhogo sa bofelo se ne sa fitlhelelwa makgetlo a le 750,000 mo malatsing a mabedi, mme makwalodikgang a a gatisitsweng mo lefelong la gaeno go thuntshiwa a oketsa ka gore "Wikipedia e tlhageletse jaaka lefelo la go phepafatsa tshedimosetso e e feletseng ka tiragalo eno."[231] Ka di 21 Tlhakole 2007, Noam Cohen wa New York Times o ne a bega gore barutegi bangwe ba ne ba thibela tiriso ya Wikipedia jaaka sedirisiwa sa patlisiso.[232] Ka di 27 Tlhakole 2007, athikele mo lekwalodikgannyeng la The Harvard Crimson e ne ya bega gore baporofesara bangwe kwa Yunibesithing ya Harvard ba ne ba akaretsa Wikipedia mo dithulaganyong tsa bone tsa thuto, mme go ne ga nna le kgaogano mo tseleng e ba neng ba leba go dirisa Wikipedia ka yone.[233] Ka Phukwi 2013, patlisiso e kgolo e e dirilweng ke diyunibesiti di le nne tse dikgolo e ne ya supa diathikele tse di neng di ngangisanwa thata mo Wikipedia, mme ya fitlhela gore Iseraele, Adolf Hitler le Modimo di ne di ngangisanwa ka bogale go feta ditlhogo dipe tse dingwe.[234] === Ditlamorago tsa diathikele tsa bayokerafi === Hobane di-biography tsa Wikipedia hangata di ntjhafatswa ka tlhahisoleseding e ntjha e tla, hangata di sebediswa e le mohlodi wa referense ka maphelo a batho ba hlokomelehang. Seno se dirile gore go dirwe maiteko a go dirisa boferefere le go dira gore diathikele tsa Wikipedia di nne tsa maaka ka boikaelelo jwa go bapatsa kgotsa go senya leina (Dikganetsano) mme gape se dirile gore go dirisiwe dilo tse disha tsa tshedimosetso ya bayokerafi tse di neetsweng. Ka Ngwanatsele 2005, kganetsano ya ga Seigenthaler e ne ya nna teng fa motsietsi mongwe a ne a bolela mo Wikipedia gore mmegadikgang John Seigenthaler o ne a na le seabe mo polaong ya ga Kennedy ka 1963. Ka Sedimonthole 2006, rametlae wa Mojeremane e bong Atze Schröder o ne a sekisa Arne Klempert, mokwaledi wa Wikimedia Deutschland ka gonne a ne a sa batle gore leina la gagwe la mmatota le gatisiwe mo Wikipedia. Moragonyana Schröder o ne a gogela ngongorego ya gagwe morago mme o ne a batla gore ditshenyegelo tsa mmueledi wa gagwe di duelwe ke Klempert. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya swetsa ka gore motaki o tshwanetse go duelela ditshenyegelo tseo ka boene.[235] Ka la 16 Tlhakole 2007, raditiragalo wa Turkey Taner Akçam o ne a tshwarwa ka nakwana fa a goroga kwa Boemafofaneng jwa Boditšhabatšhaba jwa Montréal–Pierre Elliott Trudeau ka ntlha ya tshedimosetso ya maaka mo bayokerafing ya gagwe ya Wikipedia e e neng e bolela gore ke serukhutlhi.[236][237] Ka Ngwanatsele 2008, radipolotiki wa Lekoko la Left la Jeremane e bong Lutz Heilmann o ne a bolela gore mafoko mangwe a a neng a a bua mo setlhogong sa gagwe sa Wikipedia a ne a senya leina la gagwe. O ne a atlega go bona taelo ya kgotlatshekelo ya go dira gore Wikimedia Deutschland e tlose lefelo le le botlhokwa la go batla. Sephetho e ne e le ho tsholloa ha naha ha tshehetso ya Wikipedia, meneelo e mengata ho Wikimedia Deutschland, le ho nyoloha ha dipono tsa ditsebe tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tsa sehlooho sa Lutz Heilmann ho tloha ho mashome a mmalwa ho ya ho halofo ya milione. Ka bonako morago ga foo, Heilmann o ne a kopa kgotlatshekelo go gogela morago taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.[238] Ka Sedimonthole 2008, Wikimedia Nederland, kgaolo ya Dutch, e ne ya fenya taelo ya ntlha morago ga gore rakgwebo a golaganngwe mo athikeleng ya "gagwe" le sekebekwa Willem Holleeder mme a batla gore athikele eo e phimolwe. Moatlhodi kwa Utrecht o ne a dumela polelo ya Wikimedia ya gore ga e na tlhotlheletso mo diteng tsa Wikipedia ya Sedatšhe.[239] Ka Tlhakole 2009, fa radipolotiki wa Mojeremane e bong Karl Theodor Maria Nikolaus Johann Jacob Philipp Franz Joseph Sylvester Buhl-Freiherr von zu Guttenberg a ne a nna tona ya puso ya bofederale ka di 10 Tlhakole 2009, modirisi yo o sa kwadisiwang o ne a oketsa ka setlhogo sa bolesome le bongwe sa Sejeremane se se neilweng ka leina. Dikuranta di le dintsi di ne tsa e amogela. Fa batho ba Wikipedia ba ba kelotlhoko ba ne ba leka go tlosa Wilhelm, go tseleganya go ne ga busediwa morago go nopolwa makwalodikgang ao. Kgetse eno ka ga go ikanyega ga Wikipedia le babegadikgang ba ba kopololang go tswa mo Wikipedia e ne ya bidiwa Falscher Wilhelm ("Wilhelm yo o sa siamang").[240] == Metswedi == jhd0fu500gvtj4fd6trq7levkrrm3c2 53546 53507 2026-07-29T09:37:41Z Atsile Edith 11759 Ke senotse tsebe e #Wikipedia25BW 53546 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Wikipedia]], e leng [[:en:Online_encyclopedia|ensaetlopedia ya mo maranyaneng]] e e nang le [[:en:Free_content|diteng tse di sa duelelweng]] e e kwadilweng le go tlhokomelwa ke setšhaba sa baithaopi ba ba bidiwang [[:en:Wikipedians|Wikipedians]], e simolotse ka go [[:en:First_Wikipedia_edit|kwalwa ga yone la ntlha]] ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe (2001), malatsi a mabedi morago ga gore lotshwao loo le kwadisiwe.<ref>[http://whois.domaintools.com/wikipedia.org "Wikipedia.org WHOIS, DNS, & Domain Info – DomainTools"]. ''[[:en:WHOIS|WHOIS]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170417083509/http://whois.domaintools.com/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on April 17, 2017. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone, 2026.</ref> E ne ya gola go tswa mo [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia,]] e leng ensaetlopedia e e rulagantsweng sentle e e sa duelelweng, e le tsela ya go letla go kwalwa ga ditlhogo le dithanolo motlhofo le ka bonako. Ditshegetso tsa maranyane le tsa dikgopolo tsa Wikipedia di tla pele ga seno; kakanyo ya ntlha e e itsiweng ya ensaetlopedia ya maranyane e dirilwe ke [[:en:Rick_Gates_(Internet_pioneer)|Rick Gates]] ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le boraro (1993),<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20120415133700/http://history-computer.com/Internet/Conquering/Wikipedia.html "Wikipedia of Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger"]. History Computer. 2010. Archived from [http://history-computer.com/Internet/Conquering/Wikipedia.html the original] on April 15, 2012. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> mme kgopolo ya ensaetlopedia ya [[:en:Free_as_in_freedom|maranyane e e gololesegileng]] (jaaka e [[:en:Alternative_terms_for_free_software|farologana]] le [[:en:Open_source|motswedi o o bulegileng]] fela)<ref>[https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html#open-source "Philosophy"]. GNU. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131014132149/http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html#open-source Archived] from the original on October 14, 2013. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> e ne ya akanngwa ke [[:en:Richard_Stallman|Richard Stallman]] ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi (1998).<ref name=":1">[[:en:Richard_Stallman|Stallman, Richard]] (1998). [https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia-1998-draft.html "The Free Universal Encyclopedia and Learning Resource (1998 Draft)"]. GNU. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210124065108/https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia-1998-draft.html Archived] from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Kgopolo ya ga Stallman e ne e akaretsa ka tlhamalalo kgopolo ya gore ga go na mokgatlho ope o o botlhokwa o o tshwanetseng go laola go rulaganya. Seno se ne se farologana le diensaetlopedia tsa maranyane tsa motlha oo jaaka [[:en:Encarta|Microsoft Encarta]] le ''[[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica|Encyclopedia Britannica]]''. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe (2001), teseletso ya [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]] e ne ya fetolwa go nna [[:en:GFDL|GFDL,]] mme [[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Jimmy Wales]] le [[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] ba ne ba simolola Wikipedia jaaka lenaneo le le tlaleletsang, ba dirisa [[:en:Wiki|wiki]] ya mo maranyaneng jaaka sedirisiwa sa go kwala ka tirisanommogo.<ref>[http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?WikiHistory "WikiHistory"]. [[:en:WikiWikiWeb|WikiWikiWeb]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20020621221535/http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?WikiHistory Archived] from the original on June 21, 2002. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Le fa kwa tshimologong Wikipedia e ne e akanngwa e le lefelo la go kwala mekwalo le dikgopolo tsa gore kgabagare go baakanngwe Nupedia, e ne ya feta e e neng e le teng pele ga yone ka bonako, ya nna lefelo la go kwala dipego le legae la setlhagiswa sa bofelo se se baakantsweng sa lenaneo la lefatshe lotlhe ka makgolokgolo a dipuo, mme seno sa tlhotlheletsa mefuta e e farologaneng ya [[:en:List_of_wikis|mananeo a mangwe a ditshupiso tsa mo maranyaneng]]. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014), Wikipedia e ne e na le babadi ba ka nna didikadike di le makgolo a mane le masome a ferabongwe le botlhano ka kgwedi.<ref name=":10">[https://www.economist.com/news/international/21597959-popular-online-encyclopedia-must-work-out-what-next-wikipeaks "The future of Wikipedia: WikiPeaks?"]. ''[[:en:The_Economist|The Economist]]''. March 1, 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140408202455/http://www.economist.com/news/international/21597959-popular-online-encyclopedia-must-work-out-what-next-wikipeaks Archived] from the original on April 8, 2014. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015), go ya ka [[:en:ComScore|comScore]], Wikipedia e ne ya amogela baeng ba ba kgethegileng ba feta didikadike di le lekgolo le lesome le botlhano ka kgwedi go tswa kwa United States fela.<ref name=":11">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150317071240/http://www.comscore.com/Insights/Market-Rankings/comScore-Ranks-the-Top-50-US-Digital-Media-Properties-for-January-2015 "comScore Ranks the Top 50 U.S. Digital Media Properties for January 2015"]. comScore. February 24, 2015. Archived from [http://www.comscore.com/Insights/Market-Rankings/comScore-Ranks-the-Top-50-US-Digital-Media-Properties-for-January-2015 the original] on March 17, 2015. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2018), diporojekete tseno di ne tsa bonwa baeng mo tsebeng ba le dibilione di le lesome le botlhano le sephatlo ka kgwedi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200124235329/https://stats.wikimedia.org/v2/#/all-projects "Monthly overview"]. ''Wikimedia statistics''. Wikimedia Foundation. Archived from [[stats:v2/#/all-projects|the original]] on January 24, 2020. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> [[File:First_preserved_Main_Page_of_Wikipedia.jpeg|thumb|Tsebe ya boremelelo ya Wikipedia (Sedimonthole a le malatsi a le masome a mabedi ngwaga wa 2001)]] == Kakaretso ya ditso == === Lemorago === Kgopolo ya go kokoanya kitso ya lefatshe mo lefelong le le lengwe e simolotse kwa [[:en:Library_of_Alexandria|lefelong la go bala la bogologolo la Alexandria]] le [[:en:Library_of_Pergamum|Lefelong la go bala la Pergamo,]] mme go na le dilo tsa bogologolo tse di neng tsa tla pele ga kgopolo ya ensaetlopedia e e akaretsang, [[:en:Natural_History_(Pliny)|ditso tse di jaaka Naturalis]] ya ga [[:en:Pliny_the_Elder|Pliny yo Mogolo]], mme kakanyo ya segompieno ya ensaekolopedia e e akaretsang tsotlhe, e e gatisiwang le go anamisiwa kwa bathong ba le bantsi, e simologile ka [[:en:Denis_Diderot|Denis Diderot]] le baitseanape ba Fora ba lekgolo la lesome le borobabobedi la dingwaga ba ba neng ba kwala diensaekolopedia.<ref>Miloš, Todorović (2018). "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/347489594 From Diderot's Encyclopedia to Wales's Wikipedia: a brief history of collecting and sharing knowledge]". ''Časopis KSIO''. '''1''': 88–102. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.5281/zenodo.3235309|10.5281/zenodo.3235309.]] Retrieved October 20, 2021.</ref> Kgopolo ya go dirisa metšhine e e itirisang go feta [[:en:Printing_press|motšhine o o gatisang]] go aga ensaetlopedia e e mosola thata e ka bonwa mo bukeng ya ga [[:en:Paul_Otlet|Paul Otlet]] ya ngwaga wa 1934 ya ''[[:en:Traité_de_Documentation|Traité de Documentation]]''. Otlet gape o ne a tlhoma [[:en:Mundaneum|Mundaneum]], e leng setheo se se neng se ineetse go dira ditshupane tsa kitso ya lefatshe, ka ngwaga wa 1910. Kgopolo e ya ensaetlopedia e e thusiwang ke motšhini e ne ya atolosiwa go ya pele mo bukeng ya ga [[:en:H._G._Wells|H. G. Wells]] ya ditlhamo" [[:en:World_Brain|''World Brain'']] (ngwaga wa1938) le pono ya ga [[:en:Vannevar_Bush|Vannevar Bush]] ya isago ya [[:en:Memex|Memex]] e e neng e dirisa [[:en:Microfilm|filimi e e bolokang ditshwantso ka bogolo jo bonnye]], e a e tlhalositse mo setlhangweng sa gagwe se se bidiwang "[[:en:As_We_May_Think|As We May Think]]" (ngwaga wa 1945).<ref name=":2">Reagle, Joseph (2010). Good Faith Collaboration. The Culture of Wikipedia. MIT Press. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0262014472|978-0262014472.]] Chapter 2: "The Pursuit of the Universal Encyclopedia".</ref> Phitlhelelo e nngwe e ne e le lenaneo la Xanadu la ga [[:en:Ted_Nelson|Ted Nelson]] ya go tlhama ditlhangwa tse dintsi, e e neng ya simolola ka ngwaga wa 1960.<ref name=":2" /> Tiriso ya baithaopi e ne e le botlhokwa thata mo go direng le go tlhokomeleng Wikipedia. Le fa go ntse jalo, le fa go ne go se na inthanete, mananeo tse dikgolo tse di dingalo tsa mofuta o o tshwanang di ne di dirisitse baithaopi. Ka tlhamalalo, go tlhamiwa ga [[:en:Oxford_English_Dictionary|''Thanodi ya Seesemane ya Oxford'']] go ne ga akanngwa ka puo kwa lefelong la dibuka la London, ka Letsatsi la ga [[:en:Guy_Fawkes_Day|Guy Fawkes]], ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele a tlhola malatsi a le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 1857, ke [[:en:Richard_Chenevix_Trench|Richard Chenevix Trench]]. Go tsere dingwaga di ka nna masome a supa go wediwa. Dr. Trench o ne a akanya ka bukantswe e ntšha e kgolo ya lefoko lengwe le lengwe mo puong ya Seesemane, le go dirisiwa ka puso ya batho le batho le ka kgololesego. Go ya ka mokwadi Simon Winchester, "Go dira thulaganyo e, o ne a re, go ne go feta bokgoni jwa motho ope fela. Go bala dibuka tsotlhe tsa Seesemane – le go sekaseka makwalo a dikgang a London le New York le makwalo a dikgang le buka ya tsotlhe a aitseng go bala le go kwala – go na le moo go tshwanetse ga nna 'tiro e e kopaneng ya batho ba le bantsi.' Go tla tlhokega go thapa setlhopha – mo godimo ga moo, se segolo – se gongwe se nang le makgolokgolo le makgolokgolo a batho ba ba sa duelweng, botlhe ba dira jaaka baithaopi."<ref>Winchester, Simon (1998). ''The Professor and the Madman: A Tale of Murder, Insanity, and the Making of the Oxford English Dictionary''. Harpers, p. 106.</ref> Kgatelopele ya maranyane ya tshedimosetso kwa bofelong jwa lekgolo la masome a mabedi la dingwaga e ne ya dira gore go dirwe diphetogo mo mofuteng wa diensaetlopedia. Le fa diensaetlopedia tsa nako e e fetileng, segolobogolo [[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica|''Encyclopædia Britannica'']], gantsi di ne di theilwe mo dibukeng, [[:en:Encarta|Encarta]] ya Microsoft, e e gatisitsweng ka ngwaga wa 1993, e ne e le teng mo CD-ROM e bile e na le [[:en:Hyperlink|dikgolagano tse dintsi]]. Go tlhamiwa ga [[:en:World_Wide_Web|World Wide Web]] go ne ga dira gore go dirwe maiteko a mantsi a go dira [[:en:Online_encyclopedia|mananeo a ensaetlopedia tsa maranyane]]. Tshitshinyo ya ntlha ya ensaetlopedia ya mo inthaneteng e ne e le [[:en:Interpedia|Interpedia]] ka ngwaga wa1993 ke [[:en:Rick_Gates_(Internet_pioneer)|Rick Gates]];<ref name=":0" /> lenaneo le le ne la swa pele ga e tlhagisa diteng dipe tsa ensaetlopedia. Motshegetsi wa [[:en:Free_software|mananeo a sesupaditlhaka sa mahala]] [[:en:Richard_Stallman|Richard Stallman]] o ne a tlhalosa botlhokwa jwa "Ensaetlopedia ya Lefatshe Lotlhe ya Mahala le Motswedi wa go Ithuta" ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":1" /> Tokomane ya gagwe e e gatisitsweng e ne ya tlhalosa kafa go ka "tlhomamisiwang ka gone gore kgatelopele e tswelela pele go ya kwa dipoelong tse di gaisang le tsa tlholego." Motlhami-mmogo wa Wikipedia e bong Jimmy Wales o ne a bolela gore kgopolo ya Wikipedia e ne ya tla fa e ne e le moithuti wa dialogane kwa [[:en:Indiana_University_Bloomington|Mmadikolong wa Indiana]], koo a neng a kgatlhiwa ke katlego ya [[:en:Open-source_movement|mokgatlho wa motswedi o o bulegileng]] mme a fitlhela [[:en:GNU_Manifesto|Lekwalo la maikelelo le bokgoni la ga Emacs]] wa ga Richard Stallman o o rotloetsang [[:en:Free_software_movement|mananeo a sesupaditlhaka a mahala]] le itsholelo ya go abelana e kgatlhang. Wales gape o akgola tlhamo ya ga moitseanape wa itsholelo wa [[:en:Austrian_School|Sekolo sa Austria]] e bong [[:en:Friedrich_Hayek|Friedrich Hayek]], Polelo ya tlhamo ya "[[:en:The_Use_of_Knowledge_in_Society|Tiriso ya Kitso mo Setšhabeng,]]" e a neng a e bala fa a ne a le moithuti wa pele ga kalogo,<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140930011944/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2006/07/31/know-it-all Know It All - The New Yorker]". ''[[:en:The_New_Yorker|The New Yorker]]''. September 30, 2014. Archived from [http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2006/07/31/know-it-all the original] on September 30, 2014. Retrieved November 7, 2024.</ref> jaaka "e e botlhokwa" mo go akanyeng ga gagwe ka ga "kafa a ka laolang lenaneo la Wikipedia ka gone."<ref>Mangu-Ward, Katherine (May 30, 2007). "[https://reason.com/2007/05/30/wikipedia-and-beyond/ Wikipedia and Beyond]". ''Reason.com''. Retrieved November 7, 2024.</ref> Tlhamo e e gatelela gore [[:en:Dispersed_knowledge|tshedimosetso e kgaogantswe fela ka bongwe]]—gore motho mongwe le mongwe o itse fela karolwana e nnye ya se se itsiweng mmogo, ditshwetso di dirwa botoka ke batho ba ba nang le kitso ya lefelo leo, go na le ke bothati jo bo botlhokwa. Ka nako eo, Wales o ne a ithuta tsa madi mme o ne a kgatlhilwe ke ditlhotlheletso tsa batho ba le bantsi ba ba neng ba ntsha seabe jaaka baithaopi mo go tlhameng mananeo a disupaditlhaka tsa mahala, koo dikai di le dintsi di neng di nna le dipholo tse di molemo thata.<ref>[https://play.acast.com/s/dannyinthevalley/wikipediasjimmywales "Wikipedia's Jimmy Wales: "I have this crazy idea that people will pay for free news]"", Danny in the Valley, January 19, 2018, [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055526/https://play.acast.com/s/dannyinthevalley/wikipediasjimmywales archived] from the original on March 16, 2023, retrieved March 16, 2023 Richard Stallman discussed at 20min, with further Open Source discussion at 16min.</ref> Go ya ka mokwalo wa dikgang w ''[[:en:The_Economist|The Economist]]'', Wikipedia "e simolotse mo tsholofelong ya maranyane e e neng e tlhaola inthanete kwa bokhutlong jwa lekgolo la masome a mabedi la dingwaga. E ne e tshwara gore batho ba ba tlwaelesegileng ba ka dirisa disupa ditlhaka tsa bone jaaka didirisiwa tsa kgololesego, thuto, le go sedimosiwa."<ref>[https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher "Wikipedia is 20, and its reputation has never been higher]". The Economist. January 9, 2021. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0013-0613 0013-0613.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20221231224550/https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher Archived] from the original on December 31, 2022. Retrieved August 29, 2022.</ref> === Go tlhama kgopolo === Wikipedia e ne ya akanyediwa kwa tshimologong jaaka lenaneo la phepo ya [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]] e e neng ya tlhongwa kwa Wales, lenaneo la pelenyana la go tlhagisa ensaetlopedia ya mahala ya inthanete, e e neng ya ithaopela go dira ke [[:en:Bomis|Bomis]], kompone ya dipapatso tsa maranyane e e leng ya ga Jimmy, [[:en:Tim_Shell|Tim Shell]] le [[:en:Michael_E._Davis_(businessman)|Michael E. Davis]]. <ref>[[:en:Marshall_Poe|Poe, Marshall]] (September 2006). "[https://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/ The Hive]". The Atlantic Monthly. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061223004004/http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia Archived] from the original on December 23, 2006. Retrieved March 25, 2007. Wales and Sanger created the first Nupedia wiki on 10 January 2001. The initial purpose was to get the public to add entries that would then be "fed into the Nupedia process" of authorization. Most of Nupedia's expert volunteers, however, wanted nothing to do with this, so Sanger decided to launch a separate site called "Wikipedia". Neither Sanger nor Wales looked on Wikipedia as anything more than a lark. This is evident in Sanger's flip announcement of Wikipedia to the Nupedia discussion list. "Humor me", he wrote. "Go there and add a little article. It will take all of five or ten minutes". And, to Sanger's surprise, go they did. Within a few days, Wikipedia outstripped Nupedia in terms of quantity, if not quality, and a small community developed. In late January, Sanger created a Wikipedia discussion list (Wikipedia-L) to facilitate discussion of the project.</ref><ref name=":3">Sidener, Jonathan (December 6, 2004). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20090221005820/http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20041206/news_mz1b6encyclo.html Everyone's Encyclopedia]". ''[[:en:The_San_Diego_Union-Tribune|The San Diego Union-Tribune]]''. Archived from [http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20041206/news_mz1b6encyclo.html the original] on February 21, 2009. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref><ref name=":4">Sanger, Larry (April 18, 2005). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20090722235956/http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05%2F04%2F18%2F164213&tid=95&tid=149&tid=9 The Early History of Nupedia and Wikipedia: A Memoir – Part] I". Archived from [http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05/04/18/164213&tid=95&tid=149&tid=9 the original] on July 22, 2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061108094801/http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05%2F04%2F19%2F1746205&tid=95 "The Early History of Nupedia and Wikipedia: A Memoir – Part II".] [[:en:Slashdot|Slashdot]]. April 19, 2005. Archived from [http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05/04/19/1746205&tid=95 the original] on November 8, 2006. My initial idea was that the wiki would be set up as part of Nupedia; it was to be a way for the public to develop a stream of content that could be fed into the Nupedia process. I think I got some of the basic pages written—how wikis work, what our general plan was, and so forth—over the next few days. I wrote a general proposal for the Nupedia community, and the Nupedia wiki went live January 10. The first encyclopedia articles for what was to become Wikipedia were written then. It turned out, however, that a clear majority of the Nupedia Advisory Board wanted to have nothing to do with a wiki. Again, their commitment was to rigor and reliability, a concern I shared with them and continue to have. Still, perhaps some of those people are kicking themselves now. They (some of them) evidently thought that a wiki could not resemble an encyclopedia at all, that it would be too informal and unstructured, as the original WikiWikiWeb was (and is), to be associated with Nupedia. They of course were perfectly reasonable to doubt that it would turn into the fantastic source of content that it did. Who could reasonably guess that it would work? But it did work, and now the world knows better.</ref>Nupedia e ne ya tlhongwa mo tirisong ya baithaopi ba ba tshwanelegang le thulaganyo ya go [[:en:Peer_review|sekaseka balekane]] e e nang le dikgato di le dintsi.<ref>Kaplan Andreas, Haenlein Michael (2014) Collaborative projects (social media application): About Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Business Horizons, Volume 57 Issue 5, pp. 617–626</ref> Le fa e ne e na le lenaane la barulaganyi ba ba kgatlhegang ba ba fetang dikete tse pedi, le go nna teng ga ga Sanger jaaka morulaganyi-mogolo wa nako e e tletseng,<ref>"[[m:My_resignation--Larry_Sanger|My resignation – Larry Sanger – Meta]]". meta.wikimedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230320142105/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/My_resignation--Larry_Sanger Archived] from the original on March 20, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023. I was more or less offered the job of editing Nupedia when I was, as an ABD philosophy graduate student, soliciting Jimbo's (and other friends') advice on a website I was thinking of starting. It was the first I had heard of Jimbo's idea of an open content encyclopedia, and I was delighted to take the job.</ref> go tlhagisiwa ga diteng tsa Nupedia go ne go le bonya thata, ka dipego di le lesome le bobedi fela tse di kwadilweng mo ngwageng wa ntlha.<ref name=":4" /> Ba-Nupedia ba ne ba tlotla ka ditsela tse di farologaneng tsa go tlhama diteng ka bonako.<ref name=":3" /> Di-wiki di ne di dirisitswe gongwe mo boranyaneng go rulaganya kitso,<ref>[https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2013-01-12-chi-archives-aaron-swartz-20130112-story.html "From the archives: Highland Park teen is finalist in web competition]". ''Chicago Tribune''. January 12, 2013. Retrieved August 21, 2023.</ref> mme kgopolo ya tlaleletso e e theilweng mo di-[[:en:Wiki|wiki]] mo Nupedia e ne ya tlholwa ke motlotlo magareng ga Sanger le Ben Kovitz,<ref name=":5">"[http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?BenKovitz Ben Kovitz]". [[:en:WikiWikiWeb|WikiWikiWeb]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070404030625/http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?BenKovitz Archived] from the original on April 4, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007. – see also Ben Kovitz' fuller account which he links from there.</ref><ref name=":6">Moody, Glyn (July 13, 2006). [https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2006/jul/13/media.newmedia "This time, it'll be a Wikipedia written by experts"]. The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070222023201/http://technology.guardian.co.uk/weekly/story/0,,1818630,00.html Archived] from the original on February 22, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007. – While casting around for a way to speed up article production, Sanger met with Kovitz, an old friend, in January 2001. Kovitz introduced Sanger to the idea of the wiki, invented in 1995 by Ward Cunningham: web pages that anyone could write and edit. "My first reaction was that this really could be what would solve the problem," Sanger explains, "because the software was already written, and this community of people on WikiWikiWeb" – the first wiki – "had created something like 14,000 pages". Nupedia, by contrast, had produced barely two dozen articles. Sanger took up the idea immediately: "I wrote up a proposal and sent it [to Wales] that evening, and the wiki was then set up for me to work on." But this was not Wikipedia as we know it. "Originally it was the Nupedia Wiki – our idea was to use it as an article incubator for Nupedia. Articles could begin life on this wiki, be developed collaboratively and, when they got to a certain stage of development, be put into the Nupedia system."</ref><ref name=":7">Sidener, Jonathan (September 23, 2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20071017041126/http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20060923/news_lz1n23wiki.html "Wikipedia co-founder looks to add accountability, end anarchy]". [[:en:The_San_Diego_Union-Tribune|The San Diego Union-Tribune]]. Archived from [http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20060923/news_lz1n23wiki.html the original] on October 17, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007. The origins of Wikipedia date to 2000, when Sanger was finishing his doctoral thesis in philosophy and had an idea for a Web site.</ref> le ke o mongwe magareng ga Wales le Jeremy Rosenfeld.<ref name=":5" /> Kovitz e ne e le motlhami wa diporokeramo tsa khomphiutha mme a nna mo wiki ya ga [[:en:Ward_Cunningham|Ward Cunningham]] e e fetolang wiki go nna "[[:en:WikiWikiWeb|WikiWikiWeb]]". O ne a tlhalosetsa Sanger gore di-wiki ke eng, fa ba ne ba ja dijo tsa maitseboa ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /><ref>Poe, Marshall (September 2006). "[https://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/3 The Hive"]. [[:en:The_Atlantic_Monthly|The Atlantic Monthly]]. p. 3. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061110160718/http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/3 Archived] from the original on November 10, 2006. Retrieved March 25, 2007. – "Over tacos that night, Sanger explained his concerns about Nupedia's lack of progress, the root cause of which was its serial editorial system. As Nupedia was then structured, no stage of the editorial process could proceed before the previous stage was completed. Kovitz brought up the wiki and sketched out 'wiki magic,' the mysterious process by which communities with common interests work to improve wiki pages by incremental contributions. If it worked for the rambunctious hacker culture of programming, Kovitz said, it could work for any online collaborative project. The wiki could break the Nupedia bottleneck by permitting volunteers to work simultaneously all over the project. With Kovitz in tow, Sanger rushed back to his apartment and called Wales to share the idea. Over the next few days, he wrote a formal proposal for Wales and started a page on Cunningham's wiki called 'Wikipedia.'"</ref>Wales o ne a bolela ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2001 gore "Larry o ne a na le mogopolo wa go dirisa maranyane a sesupa ditlhaka sa Wiki" mo bathong ba ba neng ba boregile ka thulaganyo ya Nupedia,<ref>Wales, Jimmy (October 30, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20140620072830/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2001-October/000671.html LinkBacks]?". Wikimedia. Archived from [[mailarchive:wikipedia-l/2001-October/000671.html|the original]] (Email) on June 20, 2014. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref> mme moragonyana a bolela ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2005 gore Rosenfeld o ne a mo itsise kgopolo ya wiki.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140328235925/http://www.wired.com/techbiz/media/news/2007/05/assignment_zero_citizendium Assignment Zero First Take: Wiki Innovators Rethink Openness]". [[:en:Wired_News|Wired News]]. May 3, 2007. Archived from [https://www.wired.com/techbiz/media/news/2007/05/assignment_zero_citizendium the original] on March 28, 2014. Retrieved November 1, 2007. Wired.com states: "Wales offered the following on-the-record comment in an e-mail to NewAssignment.net editor [and NYU Professor] [[:en:Jay_Rosen|Jay Rosen]] ...' Larry Sanger was my employee working under my direct supervision during the entire process of launching Wikipedia. He was not the originator of the proposal to use a wiki for the encyclopedia project – that was Jeremy Rosenfeld'."</ref> Sanger o ne a akanya gore wiki e tla nna polatefomo e e siameng go e dirisa, mme a tshitshinya mo lenaaneng la go romela la Nupedia gore wiki e e theilweng mo UseModWiki (ka nako eo v. 0.90)e tlhomiwe jaaka lenaneo la "mojesi" ya Nupedia. Ka fa tlase ga setlhogo sa "A re direng wiki", o ne a kwala jaana:<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 10, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414014355/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html Let's make a wiki]". Nupedia mailing list. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Nnyaa, se ga se tshitshinyo e e sa tshwanelang. Ke kakanyo ya go tsenya karolo e nnye mo Nupedia. Jimmy Wales o akanya gore batho ba le bantsi ba ka nna ba fitlhela kgopolo eno e sa amogelesege, mme nna ga ke akanye jalo... Fa e le ka tiriso ya wiki ya Nupedia, eno ke thulaganyo ya BOFELO e e "bulegileng" le e e motlhofo ya go tlhama diteng. Re kile ra buisana gangwe le gape ka megopolo ya diporojeke tse di bonolo, tse di bulegileng thata, tse di ka emelang kgotsa tsa tlaleletsa Nupedia. Go lebega mo go nna gore diwiki di ka dirisiwa ka bonako thata, di tlhoka tlhokomelo e nnye fela, mme ka kakaretso ga di na kotsi e kgolo. Gape di ka nna motswedi o mogolo wa diteng. Ka jalo, ga go na mathata a magolo a a ka nnang teng, go ya ka kafa ke bonang ka teng. Wales e ne ya tlhoma e le nngwe mme ya e tsenya mo maranyaneng ka Laboraro wa kgwedi ya Ferikgong etlhola malatsi a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 2001, ka fa tlase ga karolo ya nupedia.com.<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 10, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030425173342/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html Nupedia's wiki: try it out".] Nupedia mailing list. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html the original] on April 25, 2003.</ref> Se se ne sa sutela kwa wiki e ntšhwa ka fa tlase ga karolo ya wikipedia.com ka kgwedi ya Ferikgonge tlhola malatsia a le lesome le botlhano. Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa, lenaneo la [[:en:GNUPedia|GNUPedia]] la [[:en:Free_Software_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Mananeo a disupa ditlhaka a Mahala]] (FSF) e ne ya tsena mo maranyaneng, e e neng e ka nna ya gaisana le [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]],<ref>"[http://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=9990&threshold=1&commentsort=0&mode=thread&cid=502603 Slashdot Comments | GNUPedia Project Starting]". Slashdot.org. January 17, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220612010030/https://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=9990 Archived] from the original on June 12, 2022. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> mme mo dingwageng di le mmalwa FSF e ne ya rotloetsa batho "go etela le go tsenya letsogo mo [Wikipedia]" boemong jwa seo.<ref>[https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/ "The Free Encyclopedia Project]". GNU.org. 2012 [1999]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121221000617/http://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/ Archived] from the original on December 21, 2012. Retrieved December 20, 2012.</ref> === Go tlhongwa ga Wikipedia === ''Bona gape: [[:en:First_Wikipedia_edit|Tseleganyo ya ntlha ya Wikipedia]], [[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia's_oldest_articles|Wikipedia:Ditlhogo tsa bogologolo tsa Wikipedia]], le [[:en:Wikipedia:First_100_pages|Wikipedia:Ditsebe tsa ntlha di le]]'' ''[[:en:Wikipedia:First_100_pages|lekgolo]]'' Go ne go na le go okaoka mo gare ga barulaganyi ka go bofa Nupedia gaufi thata le kelelo ya tiro ya mofuta wa wiki.<ref name=":4" /> Morago ga gore wiki ya Nupedia e thankgololwe ka fa tlase ga nupedia.com ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 2001,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20030425173342/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html "&#x5B;Nupedia-l&#x5D; Nupedia's wiki: try it out"]. April 25, 2003. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20030425173342/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html the original] on April 25, 2003. Retrieved August 21, 2023.</ref> Wales e ne ya akantshanya go simolola lenaneo le le ntšhwa ka fa tlase ga leina la yone, mme Sanger o ne a akantshanya ''Wikipedia'', a e tlhama jaaka "lenaneo la tlaleletso ya Nupedia e e dirang e e ikemetseng ka nosi gotlhelele."<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 11, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414021138/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html <nowiki>Re: [Advisory-l] The wiki</nowiki>]..." Nupedia mailing list. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Wiki e ntšhwa e ne ya simololwa kwa wikipedia.com ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2001. [[:en:Bandwidth_(computing)|Bophara jwa bogolo jwa kgokaganyo ya maranyane]] le [[:en:Server_(computing)|tsamaiso e e bolokang tshedimosetso]] (e e kwa San Diego) tse di dirisitsweng mo mananeong ao a ntlha di ne tsa neelwa ke Bomis. Badiri ba le bantsi ba pele ba Bomis moragonyana ba ne ba ntsha diteng tsa ensaetlopedia: segolobogolo [[:en:Tim_Shell|Tim Shell]], motlhami-mmogo le moragonyana Mokhuduthamaga wa Bomis, le motlhami wa dithulaganyo Jason Richey. [[Setshwantsho:Jimmy Wales' Mac and the First Wikipedia Edit — "Hello World" (51738433963).jpg|thumb|iMac ya ga Jimmy Wales e ne e dirisiwa go dira tseleganyo ya ntlha mo Wikipedia]] Wales o boletse ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2008 gore o dirile tseleganyo ya ntlha ya Wikipedia, tseleganyo ya teko e e nang le mokwalo o o reng "[[:en:"Hello,_World!"_program|Dumela, Lefatshe]]!", mme se e ka tswa e ne e le mo mofuteng wa bogologolo wa Wikipedia o ka bonako morago ga moo o neng wa phimolwa mme wa emisediwa ka go simolola gape.<ref>Message by Jimmy Wales {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160412003535/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Jimbo_Wales&diff=prev&oldid=258632986|date=12 April 2016}} Wednesday 17 December 2008. Retrieved Saturday 30 January 2010.</ref><ref>Starling, Tim (January 14, 2011). "[[mailarchive:wikien-l/2011-January/108198.html|Hello world]]?". ''WikiEN-l'' (Mailing list). Retrieved June 4, 2022.</ref>Tseleganyo ya ntlha e e neng ya boela mo Wikipedia.com e ne e le ya Tsebe ya Gae ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2001, e e neng e balega jaana "E ke Wikipedia e ntšhwa!"; e ka bonwa [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/908493298|fa]].<ref>Wikipedia's earliest edits were once believed lost, as early [[:en:UseModWiki|UseModWiki]] software deleted data after a month. But on 14 December 2010, [[:en:Tim_Starling|Tim Starling]] found backups on [[:en:SourceForge|SourceForge]] containing every change made to Wikipedia from its creation in January 2001 to 17 August 2001. As of 2019, these were imported into Wikipedia's edit history. Before that, the first edits that had been known were to [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/291430|Wikipedia:UuU]], [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/286342|TransporT]], and [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/11992008|User:ScottMoonen]] on 16 January 2001.</ref> Go nna teng ga lenaneo go ne ga itsisiwe semmuso mme boikuelo jwa gore baithaopi ba nne le seabe mo go tlhameng diteng bo ne jwa dirwa kwa lenaaneng la go romela ka poso la Nupedia ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20030331101007/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000684.html <nowiki>"[Nupedia-l] Wikipedia is up!</nowiki>]". March 31, 2003. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000684.html the original] on March 31, 2003. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Lenaneo le ne la amogela batsayakarolo ba le bantsi ba bašwa morago ga go umakiwa mo lefelong ya maranyane le le naleng tshedimosetso ya [[:en:Slashdot|Slashdot]] ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2001,<ref>"[http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Britannica and Free Content]". Slashdot. July 26, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090114204227/http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Archived] from the original on January 14, 2009.</ref> e setse e umakilwe gabedi ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwo ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref>[http://slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=01/03/02/1422244&tid=99 "Nupedia and Project Gutenberg Directors Answer]". Slashdot. March 5, 2001.</ref><ref>[http://slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=01/03/29/2035230&tid=95 "Everything2 Hits One Million Nodes]". Slashdot. March 29, 2001.</ref> Morago ga moo e ne ya amogela tshupo e e tlhageletseng ya kgang mo lefelong ya maranyane le le naleng tshedimosetso le setso e e rulagantsweng ke baagi ya Kuro5hin, e e rulaganngwang ke setšhaba, e e buang ka maranyane le setso, ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le botlhano.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20011107050810/http://www.kuro5hin.org/story/2001/7/25/103136/121 "Britannica or Nupedia? The Future of Free Encyclopedias]". Kuro5hin. July 25, 2001. Archived from [http://www.kuro5hin.org/story/2001/7/25/103136/121 the original] on November 7, 2001.</ref> Fa gare ga go tsena moo ga batho ba le bantsi, go ne go ntse go na le batho ba le bantsi ba ba neng ba tla go tswa kwa metsweding e mengwe, segolobogolo Google, e e neng e romela makgolokgolo a baeng ba basha mo lefelong e e le nosi letsatsi le letsatsi. [[:en:Mainstream_media|Kgaso ya yone]] [[:en:Mainstream_media|ya bobegakgang]] ya ntlha e kgolo e ne e le mo [[:en:The_New_York_Times|''The New York Times'']] ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref>Meyers, Peter (September 20, 2001). [https://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/20/technology/fact-driven-collegial-this-site-wants-you.html "Fact-Driven? Collegial? This Site Wants You]". The New York Times. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20090415232001/http://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/20/technology/fact-driven-collegial-this-site-wants-you.html Archived] from the original on April 15, 2009. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> === Dikgaogano le go dira gore dilo di nne tsa boditšhabatšhaba === Kwa tshimologong ya tlhabololo ya Wikipedia, e ne ya simolola go atologa kwa mafatsheng a mangwe, ka go tlhamiwa ga [[:en:Namespace|mafelo a masha a maina]], lengwe le lengwe le na le setlhopa se se farologaneng sa [[:en:Username|maina a badirisi]]. [[:en:Subdomain|Karolopotlana]] ya ntlha e e tlhametsweng Wikipedia e e seng ya Seesemane e ne e le [[:en:German_Wikipedia|deutsche.wikipedia.com]] (e e tlhamilweng ka Labotlhano kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2001, mo nakong ya oura e le nngwe le metsotso e le masome a mararo le borobedi kwa morago ga nako ya UTC),<ref>"[[mailarchive:wikipedia-l/2001-March/000049.html|Alternative language Wikipedias]]". Lists. Wikimedia. March 15, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140620120726/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2001-March/000049.html Archived] from the original on June 20, 2014. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> mme morago ga dioura di le mmalwa ya latelwa ke [[:en:Catalan_Wikipedia|catalan.wikipedia.com]] (ka oura ya lesome le boraro le metsotso e le supa mo nakong ya UTC).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20010413083954/http://catalan.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=history&id=HomePage "History of the Catalan Homepage]". Wikipedia. Archived from [https://catalan.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=history&id=HomePage the original] on April 13, 2001. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> [[:en:Japanese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejapane]], e e simolotseng e le nihongo.wikipedia.com, e ne ya tlhamiwa mo pakeng eo,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20010420120143/http://nihongo.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=browse&id=HomePage&revision=3 "Nihongo No Wikipedia: HomePage]". April 20, 2001. Archived from [https://nihongo.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=browse&id=HomePage&revision=3 the original] on April 20, 2001. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20010331173908/http://www.wikipedia.com/ Wikipedia: HomePage]". March 31, 2001. Archived from [https://www.wikipedia.com/ the original] on March 31, 2001. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref>mme kwa tshimologong e ne e dirisa fela [[:en:Romanization_of_Japanese|Sejapane se se fetotsweng sa Seroma]]. Mo dikgweding di ka nna pedi Se-Catalan e ne e le sone se se nang le dipego tse dintsi ka puo e e seng ya Seesemane,<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Multilingual_monthly_statistics_(2001)|Multilingual monthly statistics]]</ref><ref>[https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C3%80bac&oldid=1 "First edition in the Catalan Wikipedia]" (in Catalan). Wikipedia. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201112014959/https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C3%80bac Archived] from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> le fa dipalopalo tsa nako eo ya ntlha di sa nepagala.<ref>This [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Multilingual_monthly_statistics_(2001)&oldid=192353617 table] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210222221921/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3AMultilingual_monthly_statistics_%282001%29&oldid=192353617 Archived] 22 February 2021 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]], for instance, misses Japanese and German articles such as [https://web.archive.org/web/20010421123743/http://nihongo.wikipedia.com/wiki/Nihongo_no_funimekusu this one] and [https://web.archive.org/web/20010411030440/http://deutsche.wikipedia.com/wiki/Nupedia_Deutsch-L_Sektion this one], both dated 6 April 2001.</ref> Wikipedia ya Sefora e tlhamilwe ka kgotsa mo e ka nnang ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome lebongwe ka ngwaga wa 2001,<ref>The [https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikip%C3%A9dia:Historique_de_Wikip%C3%A9dia_en_fran%C3%A7ais&oldid=34816819 Documentation on the French Wikipedia] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210608194149/https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikip%C3%A9dia:Historique_de_Wikip%C3%A9dia_en_fran%C3%A7ais&oldid=34816819 Archived] 8 June 2021 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] mentions the date of 23 March 2001, but this date is not supported by Wikipedia snapshots on the [[:en:Internet_Archive|Internet Archive]], nor by Jason Richey's letter, which was dated 11 May 2001 (see below).</ref> ka lekhubu la diphetolelo tse dišwa tsa puo tse gape di neng di akaretsa [[:en:Chinese_Wikipedia|Setšhaena]], [[:en:Dutch_Wikipedia|Sedatšhe]], [[:en:Esperanto_Wikipedia|Seeseperanto]], [[:en:Hebrew_Wikipedia|Sehebera]], [[:en:Italian_Wikipedia|Sentadiana]], [[:en:Portuguese_Wikipedia|Sepotokisi]], [[:en:Russian_Wikipedia|Serussia]], [[:en:Spanish_Wikipedia|Sepanishe]], le [[:en:Swedish_Wikipedia|Sesweden]].<ref>[[mailarchive:wikipedia-l/2001-May/000116.html|Letter of Jason Richey to wikipedia-l mailing list]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20140620081721/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2001-May/000116.html Archived] 20 June 2014 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] 11 May 2001</ref> Go ise go ye kae dipuo tseno di ne tsa kopanngwa ke [[:en:Arabic_Wikipedia|Searabia]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20011118054300/http://ar.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?HomePage "Homepage from the Internet Archive"]. Wikipedia. Archived from [https://ar.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?HomePage the original] on November 18, 2001. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> le [[:en:Hungarian_Wikipedia|Sehungary]].<ref>[[Wikipedia:Announcements]] May 2001</ref><ref>"[https://www.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=International_Wikipedia&action=history International Wikipedia]". Wikipedia. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa 2001, kitsiso e ne ya solofetsa go ineela mo tlamelong ya dipuo tse dintsi ya Wikipedia,<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Announcements_2001#September_2001|Wikipedia:Announcements 2001]]</ref> e itsise badirisi ka go phatlaldiwa gmo go tlang ga Wikipedias ya dipuo tsotlhe tse dikgolo, go tlhongwa ga maemo a konokono, le go kgaratlhela thanolo ya ditsebe tsa konokono tsa wiki tsa ditsebe tse dišwa tsa wiki. Kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga oo, fa dipalopalo tsa boditšhabatšhaba di ne di simolola go kwalwa la ntlha, go ne ga itsisiwe diphetolelo tsa [[:en:Afrikaans_Wikipedia|Seaforikanse]], [[:en:Norwegian_Wikipedia|Senorway]] le [[:en:Serbian_Wikipedia|Seserbia]].<ref>"[https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:International_wikipedias_statistics International Wikipedias statistics]". [https://web.archive.org/web/20030305012547/http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:International_wikipedias_statistics Wikipedia]. Archived from the original on March 5, 2003. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2002, karolo ya masome a borobabongwe mo lekgolong ya dipego tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia di ne di le ka Seesemane. Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2004, batho ba ba kwa tlase ga karolo ya masome a matlhano mo lekgolong e ne e le Baesemane, mme go dira gore batho ba nne ba boditšhabatšhaba gono go tsweletse go oketsega fa ensaetlopedia e e ntse e gola. Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2014, mo e ka nnang karolo ya masome a borobabobedi le botlhano mo lekgolong ya dipego tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia di ne di le mo mefuteng ya Wikipedia e e seng ya Seesemane.<ref>"[[m:List_of_Wikipedias#Grand_Total|List of Wikipedias – Grand Total (retrieved 2014)]]". Wikimedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20141219233704/http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias#Grand_Total Archived] from the original on December 19, 2014. Retrieved December 20, 2014.</ref> Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2023, Di-Wikipedia tsa Seesemane le tsa Seesemane se se motlhofo di na le dipego di le didikadike di le di le supa fa gare ga tsone, mme mo e ka nnang karolo ya masome a borobabongwe mo lekgolong ya dipego di ne di le mo di-Wikipedia tse e seng tsa Seesemane.<ref name=":12">[[m:List_of_Wikipedias|"List of Wikipedias – Meta]]". meta.wikimedia.org. Retrieved August 21, 2023.</ref> === Tlhabololo ya Wikipedia === [[Setshwantsho:Old Wikipedia.png|thumb|Tsebekgolo ya Wikipedia (Kgwedi ya Lwetse a tlhola malatsi e le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2002)]] Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2002, morago ga go gogelwa morago ga matlole ke Bomis ka nako ya go [[:en:Dot-com_bubble|phutlhama ga dot-com]], Sanger o ne a tlogela Nupedia le Wikipedia ka bobedi.<ref>Schiff, Stacy (July 31, 2006). "[https://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/060731fa_fact Know It All]". [[:en:The_New_Yorker|The New Yorker.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20081122125817/http://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/060731fa_fact Archived] from the original on November 22, 2008. Retrieved April 25, 2009.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2002, ene le Wales ba ne ba sa tshwane ka dikgopolo tsa bone tsa gore ba ka laola jang diensaetlopedia tse di bulegileng sentle. Bobedi jwa bone ba ne ba sa ntse ba tshegetsa kgopolo ya tirisanommogo e e bulegileng, mme ba ne ba sa dumalane ka gore ba ka tshwara jang barulaganyi ba ba kgoreletsang, dikarolo tse di rileng tsa baitseanape, le tsela e e molemolemo ya go kaela porojeke gore e atlege. Wales o ne a tswelela go tlhoma go ipusa le go ikaela [[:en:Business_development|go tswa kwa tlase go ya kwa godimo]] ke barulaganyi mo Wikipedia. O ne a tlhalosa sentle gore ga a kitla a nna le seabe mo tsamaisong ya letsatsi le letsatsi ya morafe, mme o tlaa o rotloetsa go ithuta go itaola le go ipatlela mekgwa e e gaisang. Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2007, Wales e ne ya lekanyetsa seabe sa gagwe thata go ntsha ditshwaelo tsa nako le nako mo dikgannyeng tse di masisi, tiro ya bokhuduthamaga, go buelela kitso, le go rotloetsa diporojeke tse di tshwanang tsa ditshupiso. Sanger o rile ke "moakaretsi" mme o bulegile mo e ka nnang sengwe le sengwe,<ref>Anderson, Nate (February 25, 2007). [https://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars/3 "Citizendium: building a better Wikipedia"]. Ars Technica. [https://web.archive.org/web/20081020001720/http://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars/3 Archived] from the original on October 20, 2008. Retrieved October 22, 2011.</ref> mme a tshitshinya gore baitseanape ba santse ba na le lefelo mo lefatsheng la [[:en:Web_2.0|Web 2.0.]] Ka ngwaga wa 2006 o ne a tlhoma [[:en:Citizendium|Citizendium]], e leng ensaetlopedia e e bulegileng e e neng e dirisa maina a mmatota a batsayakarolo go fokotsa go tseleganya go go kgoreletsang, mme a solofela go tlhofofatsa "kaelo e e bonolo ya baitseanape" go oketsa go nepagala ga diteng tsa yone. Ditshwetso ka ga diteng tsa pego di ne di tshwanetse go nna mo diatleng tsa baagi, mme lefelo le ne le tshwanetse go akaretsa polelo ka ga "diteng tse di siametseng lelapa".<ref>[http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/CZ:Family-Friendly_Policy "Archive: Family-Friendly Policy – Citizendium]". en.citizendium.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20101120030154/http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/CZ:Family-Friendly_Policy Archived] from the original on November 20, 2010. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>Anderson, Nate (February 25, 2007). [https://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars "Citizendium: building a better Wikipedia"]. Ars Technica. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070324225040/http://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars Archived] from the original on March 24, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref> === Diteng tsa nako e e fetileng tsa Wikipedia === Dipego tsa bogologolo, le tse di sa tlholeng di dirisiwa, tsa ensaetlopedia di botlhokwa thata mo dipatlisisong tsa ditso .<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20210126035016/https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/12/encyclopedias-are-time-capsules/419619/ Encyclopedias Are Time Capsules – The Atlantic]". [[:en:The_Atlantic|The Atlantic]]. January 26, 2021. Archived from [https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/12/encyclopedias-are-time-capsules/419619/ the original] on January 26, 2021. Retrieved June 25, 2022.</ref> Mo pegong nngwe le nngwe ya Wikipedia, mefuta e e fetileng e ka fitlhelelwa ka kgokagano ya "Leba ditso" e e kwa godimo ga tsebe. Ditso tse di feletseng tsa dipego tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia le tsone di ka laisololwa jaaka [[:en:Wikipedia:Database_download|dithotobolo tsa tshedimosetso]], ka sebopego sa difaele tsa [[:en:XML|XML]] tse di gateletsweng.<ref>Koehrsen, Will (October 26, 2018). [https://medium.com/towards-data-science/wikipedia-data-science-working-with-the-worlds-largest-encyclopedia-c08efbac5f5c "Wikipedia Data Science: Working with the World's Largest Encyclopedia"]. ''Towards Data Science''. Retrieved February 4, 2025.</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, Polokelo ya Faele ya ZIM,<ref name=":8">[[iarchive:zimarchive|"ZIM File Archive: Free Data: Free Download, Borrow and Streaming]]". Internet Archive. Retrieved June 25, 2022.</ref> kwa [[:en:Internet_Archive|Polokelong ya Maranyane]], e na le dinepe tse di feletseng tsa nako e e fetileng tsa Wikipedia mmogo le ditlhopho tsa dipego, ka dipuo tse dintsi, go tswa mo dingwageng tse di farologaneng. Di ka bulwa ka mananeo a maranyane a [[:en:Kiwix|Kiwix]]. Magareng ga dingwaga tsa 2007 le 2011, go ne ga gololwa [[:en:History_of_Wikipedia#English_Wikipedia_CD/DVD/Kiwix_ZIM_file_releases|mefuta e meraro ya]] [[:en:History_of_Wikipedia#English_Wikipedia_CD/DVD/Kiwix_ZIM_file_releases|polokelo ya CD/DVD]] (e e bidiwang Mofuta wa Wikipedia 0.5, 0.7 le 0.8) e e nang le tlhopho ya dipego go tswa mo [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]]. Di ne tsa nna teng jaaka difaele tsa Kiwix ZIM, go tswa mo Polokelong ya Difaele tsa ZIM<ref name=":8" /> le go tswa mo lefelong la go laisolola ya Kiwix.[70] === Phetogo ya letshwao === [[Setshwantsho:Old wikipedia logo.png|left|thumb|Go tlhongwa – kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2001 (teko)]] <gallery mode="packed"> Setshwantsho:Wiki logo The Cunctator.png|Bofelo jwa ngwaga wa 2001 go ya kwa kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a lesome le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2003 Setshwantsho:Wikipedia-logo-v3-en.png|Kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2003 go ya kwa kgweding ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2010 Setshwantsho:Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg|Kgwedi wa Motsheganong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2010 – ga jaana </gallery> == Molanako == ''Dipego tse di sobokanyang ngwaga le ngwaga di tshwarwa mo teng ga lefelo la maina a lenaneo la Wikipedia mme di golaganngwa le tse di fa tlase. Didirisiwa tse dingwe tsa patlisiso di teng mo teng ga dipalo le dipolokelo tsa Wikipedia, mme di kwadilwe kwa bokhutlong jwa pego eo.'' === Ngwagasome wa ntlha: Ngwaga wa 2000 go ya kwa ngwageng wa 2009 === ==== Ngwaga wa 2000 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Bomis-staff-summer-2000.jpg|thumb|Babereki ba Bomis magareng ga dingwaga tsa 2000]] Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2000, lenaneo la [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]] le ne la simololwa. Maikaelelo a yone e ne e le go gatisa dipego tse di kwadilweng ke baitseanape tse di neng di tla fiwa tetla jaaka [[:en:Free_content|diteng tsa mahala]]. Nupedia e tlhomilwe ke Wales, a nale Sanger e le morulaganyi-mogolo, mme e tshegeditswe ka matlole ke kompone ya papatso ya boranyane ya [[:en:Bomis|Bomis]].<ref>Poe, Marshall (September 2006). "[https://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/ The Hive]". [[:en:The_Atlantic|The Atlantic]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061223004004/http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia Archived] from the original on December 23, 2006. Retrieved January 1, 2007.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2001 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2001, Wikipedia e ne ya simolola e le lenaneo le le kwa thoko ya Nupedia, go letla tirisanommogo mo dipegong pele ga go tsena mo thulaganyong ya tshekatsheko ya balekane.<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 10, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414014355/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html Let's make a wiki"]. Nupedia-l mailing list. Internet Archive. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Leina le le ne la ntshiwa e le kakanyo ke Sanger ka la bo kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le le lesome le bongwe ka ngwaga wa 2001 jaaka [[:en:Portmanteau|kopano ya mafoko]] ''[[:en:Wiki|wiki]]'' ([[:en:Hawaiian_language|Sehawaiian]] a a kayang "bofefo") le ''ensaetlopedia''.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414021138/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html <nowiki>"[Nupedia-l] Re: [Advisory-l] The wiki</nowiki>]..." nupedia.com. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20030414021138/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Maina a kgolagano ya karolo a ''wikipedia.com'' le ''wikipedia.org'' a ne a kwadisiwa ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bobedi <ref>[[:en:Network_Solutions|Network Solutions]] (2007) [http://www.networksolutions.com/whois/results.jsp?domain=wikipedia.com WHOIS domain registration information results for wikipedia.com from Network Solutions] Archived 27 September 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Retrieved 27 July 2007.</ref> le a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro,<ref>[[:en:Network_Solutions|Network Solutions]] (2007). [http://www.networksolutions.com/whois/results.jsp?domain=wikipedia.org "WHOIS domain registration information results for wikipedia.org from Network Solutions] [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927194913/http://www.networksolutions.com/whois/results.jsp?domain=wikipedia.org Archived] 27 September 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]". Retrieved 27 July 2007.</ref> ka go latelana, mme ''wikipedia.org'' e ne ya tsenngwa mo maranyaneng ka lone letsatsi leo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20101006010812/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page "Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20101006010812/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page Archived] from the original on October 6, 2010. Retrieved September 6, 2010.</ref> Lenaneo le ne la bulwa semmuso ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano("[[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Day|Letsatsi la Wikipedia"]]), ka di-Wikipedia tsa ntlha tsa boditšhabatšhaba – dikgatiso tsa Sejeremane, [[:en:Catalan_language|Se-Catalan]], Sefora, [[:en:Swedish_language|Se-Sweden]], le Se-italia– tse di neng tsa tlhamiwa fa gare ga dikgwedi tsa Mopitlo le Motsheganong. Melawana ya "ntlha ya pono e e sa tseyeng letlhakore" ([[:en:Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view|NPOV]]) e ne ya tlhamiwa semmuso ka nako eno, mme lekhubu la ntlha la Wikipedia la [[:en:Slashdot_effect|slashdotter]] le ne la goroga ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le maosme a mabedi le borataro.<ref>"[http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Britannica and Free Content]". Slashdot. July 26, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090114204227/http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Archived] from the original on January 14, 2009.</ref> Pegelo ya ntlha ya bobegakgang ka ga Wikipedia e ne ya tlhagelela ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga 2001 mo mokwalong wa dikgang ywa [[:en:Western_Mail_(Wales)|''Wales ka Sontaga'']].<ref>[[:en:Western_Mail_(Wales)|Wales on Sunday]] (26 August 2001) Knowledge at your fingertips. Game On: Internet Chat.(writing, "Both Encarta and Britannica are official publications with well-deserved reputations. But there are other options, such as homemade encyclopaedias. One is Wikipedia (www.wikipedia.com) which uses clever software to build an encyclopaedia from scratch. Wiki is software installed on a web server that allows anyone to edit any of the pages. On Wikipedia, anyone can write about any subject they know about. The idea is that over time, enough experts will offer their knowledge for free and build up the world's ultimate hand-built database of knowledge. The disadvantage is that it's still an ongoing project. So far about 8,000 articles have been written and the editors are aiming for 100,000.")</ref> [[:en:September_11_attacks|Ditlhaselo tsa kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bongwe]] di ne tsa dira gore go tlhagelele dikgang tse di botlhokwa mo tsebeng ya gae, mmogo le mabokoso a tshedimosetso a a golaganyang dipego tse di amanang le tsone.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20011010233257/http://www.wikipedia.com/ October 2001 homepage screenshot] shows the "Breaking News" header up top, as well as 11 September 2001 block of articles under "Current events"; the [https://web.archive.org/web/20011010230439/http://www.wikipedia.com/wiki/September_11%2C_2001_Terrorist_Attack 9/11] page shows the activist nature of the page, as well as the large number of subtopics created to cover the event.</ref> Ka nako eo, go ne go setse go tlhamilwe dipego di ka nna lekgolo tse di amanang le 9/11 .<ref>Keegan, Brian (November 17, 2020). [https://slate.com/technology/2020/11/wikipedia-september-11-breaking-news.html "How 9/11 Made Wikipedia What It Is Today]". Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210506060557/https://slate.com/technology/2020/11/wikipedia-september-11-breaking-news.html Archived] from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved May 10, 2021.</ref> Morago ga ditlhaselo tsa kgwedi ya Lwetse a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bongwe, go ne ga tlhaga kgokagano ya setlhogo sa Wikipedia se se buang ka ditlhaselo tseno mo [[:en:Yahoo!|Yahoo!]] tsebe ya gae, mme seno sa felela ka gore go nne le koketsego ya pharakano.<ref>Pasternack, Alex (September 11, 2021). [https://www.fastcompany.com/90674998/how-9-11-turned-a-new-site-called-wikipedia-into-historys-crowdsourced-front-page "How 9/11 turned a new site called Wikipedia into history's crowdsourced front page".] Fast Company. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210911121514/https://www.fastcompany.com/90674998/how-9-11-turned-a-new-site-called-wikipedia-into-historys-crowdsourced-front-page Archived] from the original on September 11, 2021. Retrieved September 11, 2021.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2002 ==== Ngwaga wa 2002 e ne ya bona go fokodiwa ga matlole a Wikipedia go tswa go [[:en:Bomis|Bomis]] le go tsamaya ga ga Sanger. Go ne ga nna le go [[:en:Fork_(software_development)|kgaogana]] ga [[:en:Spanish_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sepanishe]], ka go tlhongwa ga [[:en:Enciclopedia_Libre|''Encyclopedia Libre'']]. Jimmy Wales o netefaditse gore Wikipedia ga e kitla e tsamaisa papatso ya kgwebo. Maranyane a sesupaditshwantsho a ntlha a a rwalegang a [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]] a ne a simolola go dira ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsia le masome a matlhano. Go ne ga tlhagisiwa diroboto. Lenaneo la ntlha la kgaitsadi ([[:en:Wiktionary|Wiktionary]]) le [[:en:Manual_of_Style|Bukana ya]] [[:en:Manual_of_Style|mokgwa]] ya ntlha ya semmuso di ne tsa thankgololwa. Batshwaedi ba ka nna makgolo a mabedi ba ne ba tseleganya Wikipedia letsatsi le letsatsi.<ref>Singer, Michael (January 16, 2002). [https://web.archive.org/web/20030316082912/http://siliconvalley.internet.com/news/article.php/3531_956641 "Free Encyclopedia Project Celebrates Year One]". [[:en:Mecklermedia|''Jupitermedia'']]. Archived from [http://siliconvalley.internet.com/news/article.php/3531_956641 the original] on March 16, 2003.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2003 ==== [[Setshwantsho:2003-08-31 English Wikipedia main page.svg|thumb|Tsebekgolo ya Wikipedia (kgwedi ya Phatwe ngwaga wa 2003)]] Wikipedia ya Seesemane e fetile dipego di le dikete tse lekgolo ka ngwaga wa 2003, fa kgatiso e e latelang e kgolo go gaisa, Wikipedia ya Sejeremane, e fetile di le dikete tse lesome. [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] o ne wa tlhongwa. Wikipedia e amogetse letshwao la yone la lefatshe la jigsaw. Difomula tsa dipalo tse di dirisang [[:en:TeX|TeX]] di ne tsa tsenngwa gape mo lefelong la tshedimosetse. [[:de:Wikipedia:Stammtisch München/Archiv/2003|Kopano ya ntlha ya loago ya Wikipedia]] e ne ya tshwarelwa kwa lefelong la [[:en:Munich|Munich]], kwa lefatsheng la Germany, ka Phalane. Melaometheo ya motheo ya tsamaiso ya [[:en:Wikipedia:ArbCom|Katlholo le komiti ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] ("ArbCom") e ne ya tlhamiwa. [[:en:Wikisource|Wikisource]] e ne ya tlhamiwa jaaka lenaneo le le farologaneng ka kgwedi ya Ngwanaitseele a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bone ka ngwaga wa 2003, go amogela metswedi ya mahala ya mafoko jaaka maikaelelo a yone mo dipuong tse dintsi le dithanolo. ==== Ngwaga wa 2004 ==== Letamo la dipego tsa Wikipedia lefatshe ka bophara le ne la tswelela go gola ka bonako ka ngwaga wa 2004, la menagana gabedi ka bogolo mo dikgweding di le lesome le bobedi, go tswa mo dipegong tse di ka fa tlase ga dikete tse makgolo a matlhano kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2003 go ya ko go tse di fetang sedikadike se le sengwe ka dipuo tse di fetang lekgolo kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2004. Dipego tsa Seesemane fela tsa Wikipedia tse di ne tsa dira gore go nne le dipego tse di ka fa tlase ga dikete tse makgolo a matlhano. Dipolase tsa disefara tsa lefelo la tshedimosetso di ne tsa fudusiwa go tswa kwa California go ya kwa Florida. [[:en:Wikipedia:Categories|Ditlhopha]] le dipampiri tsa thulaganyo ya mokgwa wa [[:en:CSS|CSS]] di ne tsa tlhagisiwa. Maiteko a ntlha a go thibela Wikipedia a ne a diragala, ka lefelo la tshedimosetso le ne la thibelwa kwa China dibeke di le pedi ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo. Ditlhopho tsa semmuso di ne tsa simolola tsa boto ya mokgatlho, le Komiti ya Katlholo mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane. Kgaolo ya ntlha ya bosetšhaba ya Motheo, e leng [[:en:Wikimedia_Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]], e ne ya amogelwa. Kopano, ya ntlha ya loago kwa United States e ne ya tshwarelwa kwa [[:en:Boston|Boston]], [[:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/Boston1|ka kgwedi ya Phukwi]]. [[:en:Wikimedia_Commons|Wikimedia Commons]] e tlhamilwe ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola letsatsi le supa ka ngwaga wa 2004 go amogela difaele tsa media tsa Wikipedia ka dipuo tsotlhe. Bourgeois v. Peters,<ref name=":9">"[https://web.archive.org/web/20121221140312/http://www.ca11.uscourts.gov/opinions/ops/200216886.pdf 387 F.3d 1303]" (PDF). Archived from [http://www.ca11.uscourts.gov/opinions/ops/200216886.pdf the original] (PDF) on December 21, 2012. Retrieved November 19, 2013.</ref> (11th Cir. 2004), tsheko ya kgotlatshekelo e e neng ya swetswa ke [[:en:United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eleventh_Circuit|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo ya United States ya Potologo ya Bolesome le bongwe]] e ne e le nngwe ya dikgopolo tsa ntlha tsa kgotlatshekelo go nopola le go nopola Wikipedia.<ref>Peoples, Lee (January 2010). [http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1055&context=yjolt "The Citation of Wikipedia in Judicial Opinions]". Yale Journal of Law and Technology. 12 (1). [https://web.archive.org/web/20150224051512/http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1055&context=yjolt Archived] from the original on February 24, 2015.</ref> E ne ya bolela jaana: "Gape re gana kgopolo ya gore maemo a kgakololo ya matshosetsi a Lephata la Tshireletso ya Naga ka tsela nngwe a siametse dipatlisiso tseno. Le fa maemo a matshosetsi a ne a 'tlhatlositswe' ka nako ya boipelaetso, 'go fitlha ga jaana, maemo a matshosetsi a ntse a le mo mmala o mosetlha (a tlhatlositswe) go ya go mmala wa lamune mo bontsing jwa nako e e fetileng. makgetlo a le mantsi.'"<ref name=":9" /> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabongwe, Wikipedia e ne ya fetola letlalo la yone la thulaganyetsoruri go tswa go [[mw:Skin:Standard|Tlwaelo]] go ya go [[mw:Skin:MonoBook|MonoBook]], segokaganyi se se neng sa nna sa thulaganyo ya ruri mo mafelong a tshedimosetso a Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref>"[[mw:Skin:MonoBook|MonoBook]]". MediaWiki. Retrieved April 30, 2026.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2005 ==== Ka ngwaga wa 2005, Wikipedia e ne ya nna lefelo la tshedimosetso le le ratiwang thata ya ditshupiso mo maranyaneng, go ya ka [[:en:Hitwise|Hitwise]], ka Wikipedia ya Seesemane e le nosi e e fetang dipego di le dikete di le makgolo a supa le botlhano. Dikgoro tsa ntlha tsa Wikipedia tsa dipuo tse dintsi le tsa dirutwa di ne tsa tlhongwa ka ngwaga wa 2005. Kokoanyo ya semmuso ya madi e e neng ya tshwarwa mo kotareng ya ntlha ya ngwaga e ne ya kokoanya mo e ka nnang di dolara tsa lefatshe la Amerika di le dikete tse lekgolo ya go tlhabolola tsamaiso go samagana le tlhokego e e golang. China e ne ya thibela Wikipedia gape ka kgwedi ya Phalane ngwaga wa 2005. Matlhabisaditlhong a ntlha a magolo a Wikipedia, [[:en:Seigenthaler_incident|tiragalo ya ga Seigenthaler]], a diragetse ka ngwaga wa 2005 fa go ne go fitlhelwa gore motho yo o itsegeng thata o na le mokwalo wa botshelo jwa motho jo bo sentsweng jo bo neng bo sa lemogiwe dikgwedi di le dintsi. Morago ga matshwenyego ano le a mangwe,<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons|WP:BLP]] was started on 17 December 2005, with the narrative "I started this due to the Daniel Brandt situation". [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons&oldid=31753956 Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210609020908/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons&oldid=31753956 Archived] 9 June 2021 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]</ref> go ne ga tlhongwa diphetogo tsa ntlha tsa melawana le tsa tsamaiso tse di neng di diretswe ka tlhamalalo go lwantsha mofuta ono wa kgokgontsho. Tse di ne di akaretsa ntšhwafatso e ntšhwa ya molawana wa tshiamelo ya [[m:CheckUser policy|Checkuser]] go thusa mo dipatlisisong tsa [[:en:Sockpuppet_(Internet)|dipopae tsa dikausu]], karolo e ntšhwa e e bidiwang tshireletso ye seng botlalo, molawan o o gagametseng thata wa dibuka tsa botshelo jwa batho ba ba tshelang, le go tshwaya dipego tse di ntseng jalo gore di sekasekwe ka tsela e e gagametseng. Thibelo ya go tlhama dipego tse dišwa go badirisi ba ba kwadisitsweng e ne ya tsenngwa tirisong fela ka kgwedi ya Sedimontholeka ngwaga wa 2005 mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane.<ref>Terdiman, Daniel. "[https://www.cnet.com/culture/growing-pains-for-wikipedia/ Growing pains for Wikipedia"]. CNET. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055529/https://www.cnet.com/culture/growing-pains-for-wikipedia/ Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Wikimania ya ngwaga wa 2005, e leng bokopano jwa ntlha jwa [[:en:Wikimania|Wikimania]], e ne ya tshwarwa go tloga ka letsatsi la bone go fitlha ka letsatsi la borobabobedi ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2005 kwa ''Haus der Jugend'' kwa [[:en:Frankfurt|Frankfurt]], mme ya ngoka batho ba ka nna makgolo a le mararo le masome a borobabobedi ba ba neng ba le teng. ==== Ngwaga wa 2006 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikimania - the Wikimentary.webm|thumb|Wikimania – Tokomane ya Wikimania, filimi e e buang ka Wikimania ngwaga wa 2005, e e nang le [[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Jimmy Wales]] le [[:en:Ward_Cunningham|Ward Cunningham]]]] Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona pego ya yone ya bo ikadike, [[:en:Jordanhill_railway_station|seteišene sa terena sa Jordanhill]], ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo a tlhola letsatsi ,ka ngwaga wa 2006.<ref>Simon, Matt (March 1, 2012). [https://www.wired.com/2012/03/march-1-2006-english-wikipedias-millionth-entry-pulls-into-the-station/https://www.wired.com/2012/03/march-1-2006-english-wikipedias-millionth-entry-pulls-into-the-station/ "March 1, 2006: English Wikipedia's Millionth Entry Pulls Into the Station]". [[:en:Wired_(magazine)|Wired]]. Retrieved April 1, 2024.</ref><ref>Lemon, Sumner (March 2, 2006)[https://www.computerworld.com/article/2563140/millionth-english-article-posted-on-wikipedia.html . "Millionth English article posted on Wikipedia"]. [[:en:Computerworld|''Computerworld'']]. Retrieved April 1, 2024.</ref> Tlhopho ya ntlha ya pego ya Wikipedia e e amogetsweng e ne ya dirwa gore e kgone go laisololwa mahala, mme "Wikipedia" e ne ya kwadisiwa jaaka letshwaokgwebo la Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia. [[:en:United_States_congressional_staff_edits_to_Wikipedia|Matlhabisa ditlhong a]] [[:en:United_States_congressional_staff_edits_to_Wikipedia|mokwalo wa botshelo jwa motho ya bathusi ba phutego]]– ditiragalo tse dintsi tse mo go tsona badiri ba phutego le motsamaisi wa letsholo ba neng ba tshwarwa ba leka go fetola botshelo jwa motho ya Wikipedia ka ha sephiring – a ne a lemogiwa ke setšhaba, mme se sa dira gore motsamaisi wa letsholo a tlogele tiro. Le fa go ntse jalo, Wikipedia e ne ya tsewa e le nngwe ya matshwaokgwebo a matlhano a a kwa godimo a lefatshe ka bophara a ngwaga wa 2006.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070321033410/http://www.brandchannel.com/start1.asp?fa_id=352 "brandchannel.com | branding news]". March 21, 2007. Archived from [http://www.brandchannel.com/start1.asp?fa_id=352 the original] on March 21, 2007. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Jimmy Wales o ne a supa kwa [[:en:Wikimania_2006|Wikimania]] [[:en:Wikimania_2006|wa ngwaga wa 2006]] gore Wikipedia e fitlheletse bogolo jo bo lekaneng mme a kopa gore go gatelelwa boleng, gongwe se se tlhagisitsweng sentle mo pitsong ya [[:en:Wikipedia:100,000_feature-quality_articles|dipego di le dikete tse lekgolo tsa boleng jwa dikarolo]]. Go ne ga tlhamiwa tshiamelo e ntšhwa, "botlhokomedi", e e letlang mefuta e e rileng ya ditsebe tse di bolokilweng tse di nang le diteng tse di sa amogelesegeng go tshwaiwa jaaka tse di sa bonweng. Tshireletso e e seng kalo kgatlhanong le tshenyo e e sa itsiweng, e e neng ya tlhagisiwa ka ngwaga wa 2005, e ne ya itshupa e ratwa thata go feta ka fa go neng go solofetswe ka teng, ka ditsebe di feta dikete tse di neng tsa sirelediwa ka bontlhabongwe ka nako epe fela ka ngwaga wa 2006. ==== Ngwaga wa 2007 ==== Wikipedia e ne ya tswelela go gola ka bonako ka ngwaga wa 2007, e na le diakhaonto tsa barulaganyi tse di kwadisitsweng di feta didikadike di le tlhano ka kgwedi ya Phatwe a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro.<ref>See the special page: [[:en:Special:Statistics|Special:Statistics]]: 5,078,036 registered user accounts as of 13 August 2007, excluding anonymous editors who have not created accounts.</ref> Dikgatiso tsa dipuo di le makgolo a mabedi le botlhano tsa Wikipedia di ne di na le palogotlhe e e kopantsweng ya dipego di le didikadike di le supa ntlha tlhano e leng palogotlhe ya mafoko a le didikadike di le bongwe ntlha supa le bone, ka kgwedi ya Phatwe a tlhola a malatsi a le lesome le boraro .<ref>Source: [[:en:Wikipedia:Size_comparisons|Wikipedia:Size comparisons]] as of 13 August 2007</ref> Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona dipego ka selekanyo se se tlhomameng sa di le sekete se le sengwe le makgolo a supa ka letsatsi,<ref>From around Q3 2006 Wikipedia's growth rate has been approximately linear, source: [[:en:Wikipedia:Statistics|Wikipedia:Statistics]] – new article count by month 2006–2007.</ref> ka leina la kgolagano ya karolo la wikipedia.org le le mo maemong a bo lesome a a naleng ditiro tse dintsi mo lefatsheng. Wikipedia e ne ya tswelela go bonala [[:en:Category:Wikipedia_publicity|mo bobegakgannyeng]] – [[:en:Essjay_controversy|kganetsano ya ga Essjay]] e ne ya runya fa leloko le le tlhageletseng la Wikipedia le ne le fitlhelwa le buile maaka ka dintlha tsa gagwe tsa boitshupo. [[:en:Citizendium|Citizendium]], e leng ensaetlopedia e e gaisanang ya mo maranyaneng, e ne ya thankgololwa phatlalatsa. Tlwaelo e ntšhwa e ne ya tlhagelela mo Wikipedia, ka ensaetlopedia e e neng e bua le batho ba go itsege ga bone go neng go tswa mo go nneng motsayakarolo mo kgannyeng ya dikgang ka go oketsa kaelo go tswa mo leineng la bone go ya kwa kgannyeng e kgolo, go na le go tlhama pego e e tlhaolegileng ya mokwalo wa botshelo jwa motho.[<ref>e.g., cases such as [[:en:Crystal_Mangum|Crystal Mangum]] and Daniel Brandt.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2007, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona pego ya yone ya didikadike di le pedi, [[:en:El_Hormiguero|''El Hormiguero'']].<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20170708005830/https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Press_releases/Wikipedia_Reaches_2_Million_Articles English Wikipedia Reaches 2 Million Articles"]. [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]]. September 9, 2007. Archived from [[foundationsite:wiki/Press_releases/Wikipedia_Reaches_2_Million_Articles|the original]] on July 8, 2017. Retrieved June 3, 2012.</ref> Go ne ga nna le kganetsano nngwe kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2007 fa [[:en:Volapük_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Volapük]] e ne e tlola go tswa ko dipegong di le makgolo a supa, masome a borobabongwe le bosupa go ya go feta dikete tse lekgolo le bongwe le dikete tse pedi, ka bokhutshwane ya nna kgatiso ya bo lesome le botlhano e kgolo go gaisa tsotlhe ya Wikipedia, ka ntlha ya go tlhamiwa ga ditlhogo tse di itirisang ke motlhoafaledi wa puo e e agilweng ya [[:en:Volapük|Volapük]]<ref>"[http://www.pcworld.pl/artykuly/56502/MySpace.kontra.Facebook.html#t_34252 Ciekawe wydarzenia w Internecie]". PC World (Polish) (in Polish). December 1, 2007. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131106024950/http://www.pcworld.pl/artykuly/56502/MySpace.kontra.Facebook.html#t_34252 Archived] from the original on November 6, 2013. Retrieved April 26, 2013.</ref><ref>Yves Nevelsteen (September 15, 2007). [http://www.liberafolio.org/2007/volapukapedio "Volapuko jam superas Esperanton en Vikipedio"]. Libera Folio (in Esperanto). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130329091247/http://www.liberafolio.org/2007/volapukapedio Archived] from the original on March 29, 2013. Retrieved April 26, 2013.</ref>. Go ya ka [[:en:MIT_Technology_Review|''MIT Technology Review,'']] palo ya barulaganyi ba ba tlhagafetseng ka bontsi jwa dinako mo Wikipedia ya puo ya Seesemane e ne ya fitlha kwa setlhoeng ka ngwaga wa 2007 go feta dikete tse masome a matlhano le bongwe, mme fa e sa le ka nako eo e ntse e fokotsega.<ref>Simonite, Tom (October 22, 2013). "[https://www.technologyreview.com/2013/10/22/175674/the-decline-of-wikipedia/ The Decline of Wikipedia]". [[:en:MIT_Technology_Review|MIT Technology Review]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220731083716/https://www.technologyreview.com/2013/10/22/175674/the-decline-of-wikipedia/ Archived] from the original on July 31, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2020.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang kangwaga wa 2007, go ne ga gatisiwa tokololo ya tlhopho ya pego ya Wikipedia ya Mofuta wa 0.5.<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 Wikipedia:Version 1.0 Editorial Team]", Wikipedia, June 12, 2022, [https://web.archive.org/web/20220707222542/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 archived] from the original on July 7, 2022, retrieved June 25, 2022</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2008 ==== [[:en:WikiProject|Mananeo a Wiki]] a a farologaneng mo mafelong a le mantsi a ne a tswelela go atolosa le go tokafatsa diteng tsa pego mo teng ga bogolo jwa tsone. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2008, go ne ga tlhamiwa pego ya Wikipedia ya didikadike di le lesome, mme kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya feta dipego di le didikadike di le dikete tse pedi le botlhano. ==== Ngwaga wa 2009 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2009 ka oura ya masome a mabedi le bobedi le metsotso e le lesome le botlhano mo nakong ya UTC, morago [[:en:Death_of_Michael_Jackson|ga loso lwa ga Michael Jackson]], lefelo la tshedimosetso le ne la phutlhama ka nakwana. [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] o begile gore go ne ga nna le baeng ba ba ka nnang didikadike ba ba neng ba le kwa mokwalong wa botshelo jwa ga Jackson mo lobakeng lwa oura e le nngwe, gongwe e le baeng ba bantsi mo lobakeng lwa oura e le nngwe ba ba neng ba le kwa pegong epe fela mo ditsong tsa Wikipedia. Kwa bokhutlong jwa kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2009, palo ya dipego mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia e ne e fetile didikadike di le lesome le bone .<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140305100104/https://stats.wikimedia.org/EN/TablesArticlesTotal.htm Wikipedia Statistics, Article count (official)]". Wikimedia.org. Archived from [[stats:EN/TablesArticlesTotal.htm|the original]] on March 5, 2014.</ref> Setlhogo sa didikadike di le tharo mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane, [[:en:Beate_Eriksen|Beate Eriksen]], se tlhamilwe ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2009 ka nako ya oura ya bone le metsotso e le metlhano, go ya ka Nako ya Lefatshelotlhe e e Rulagantsweng (UTC).<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2009-08-17/News_and_notes&oldid=309138115 Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2009-08-17/News and notes"], Wikipedia, August 20, 2009, [https://web.archive.org/web/20210609111443/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2009-08-17/News_and_notes&oldid=309138115 archived] from the original on June 9, 2021, retrieved March 16, 2023</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2009, Wikipedia ya Sejeremane e ne ya feta dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe, mme ya nna kgatiso ya bobedi morago ga Wikipedia ya Seesemane go dira jalo. Setlhogo sa [[:en:Time_(magazine)|''TIME'']] se ne sa kwala Wikipedia mo gare ga mafelo a tshedimosetso a a gaisang tsa ngwaga wa 2009.<ref>"[http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1918031_1918016_1917948,00.html Wikipedia – 50 Best Websites 2009]" [https://web.archive.org/web/20111202174857/http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1918031_1918016_1917948,00.html Archived] 2 December 2011 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. TIME. 24 August 2009. Retrieved 24 November 2011.</ref> Diteng tsa Wikipedia di ne tsa fiwa tetla ka fa tlase ga tetla ya [[:en:Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike|Creative Commons ya go Abelana]] ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref>"[[m:Licensing_update/Timeline|Licensing update/Timeline – Meta".]] meta.wikimedia.org. October 30, 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220817062932/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Licensing_update/Timeline Archived] from the original on August 17, 2022. Retrieved August 29, 2022.</ref> === Ngwagasome wa bobedi: ngwaga wa 2010 go ya kwa ngwageng wa 2019 === ==== Ngwaga wa 2010 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a masome a mabedi le bone, ditsamaiso tse di bolokang ditshedimosetso tsa Wikipedia tsa karolo kgolo ya lefatshe e e naleng mafatshe ya Europe di ne tsa tswa mo maranyaneng ka ntlha ya bothata jwa go gotela thata. [[:en:Failover|Go palelwa]] ke ditsamaiso tsa poloko ya tshedimosetso kwa Florida go ne ga itshupa go robegile, ga dira gore tharabololo ya [[:en:Domain_Name_System|DNS]] ya Wikipedia e palelwe go ralala lefatshe. Bothata bo ne jwa rarabololwa ka bonako, mme ka ntlha ya ditlamorago tsa go boloka DNS, mafelo mangwe a ne a le bonya go kgona go bona Wikipedia gape go feta a mangwe.<ref>Bergsma, Mark (March 24, 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20100327123357/http://techblog.wikimedia.org/2010/03/global-outage-cooling-failure-and-dns/ "Global Outage (cooling failure and DNS)"]. Wikimedia Technical Blog. Archived from [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2010/03/global-outage-cooling-failure-and-dns/ the original] on March 27, 2010. Retrieved March 30, 2010.</ref><ref>Perez, Juan Carlos (March 25, 2010). [https://www.pcworld.com/article/192410/wikipedia_suffers_global_collapse.html "Wikipedia Suffers Global Collapse"]. PC World. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100329132858/http://www.pcworld.com/article/192410/wikipedia_suffers_global_collapse.html Archived] from the original on March 29, 2010. Retrieved March 30, 2010.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganonga tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro, lefelo la tshedimosetso le ne la golola sebopego se sesha sa yone. Dikarolo tse disha di ne di akaretsa letshwao le le ntšha, didirisiwa tse di ntšha tsa go tsamaya mo lefelong la tshedimosetso le, le sedirisiwa sa go thusa go tlhama dikgokagano<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20100822062045/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special%3AUsabilityInitiativePrefSwitch New features]". [[:en:Wikipedia|Wikipedia]]. Archived from [[:en:Special:UsabilityInitiativePrefSwitch|the original]] on August 22, 2010. Retrieved September 6, 2010.</ref>. Le fa go ntse jalo, sebopego sa bogologolo se ne sa tswelela se le teng gore se dirisiwe ke ba ba neng ba batla go tswelela ba se dirisa. Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bobedi, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya feta palo ya ditlhogo di le didikadike di le dikete tse tharo le botlhano fa setlhogo sa sedikadike sa ntlha sa Wikipedia ya Sefora se ne sa tlhamiwa ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bongwe. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro, go ne ga dirwa tokafatso ya sedikadike ya ntlha mo mananeong otlhe a Wikimedia. Mo tshimologong ya ngwaga wa 2010, go ne ga gatisiwa kgatiso ya Wikipedia Version 0.7, e e neng e na le tlhopho ya dipego.<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 Wikipedia:Version 1.0 Editorial Team"], Wikipedia, June 12, 2022, [https://web.archive.org/web/20220707222542/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 archived] from the original on July 7, 2022, retrieved June 25, 2022</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2011 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Armwikicake.png|thumb|Nngwe ya [[c:Wikipedia 10 Photo gallery#Wikipedia_10_Cakes|dikuku di le mmalwa]] tse di dirilweng go keteka ngwaga wa bo lesome wa Wikipedia ka ngwaga wa 2011<ref>[[tenwiki:Main_Page|"Wikipedia 10"]]. Ten.wikipedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131231212611/http://ten.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page Archived] from the original on December 31, 2013. Retrieved February 26, 2014.</ref>]] Wikipedia le badirisi ba yone ba ne ba tshwara meletlo e le mentsi lefatshe ka bophara go gopola [[:en:Wikipedia:10_years_of_Wikipedia|ngwaga wa bo]] [[:en:Wikipedia:10_years_of_Wikipedia|lesome]] wa lefelo leo ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano.<ref>Wikipedia celebrates a decade of edit wars, controversy, and Internet dominance [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2011/011111-wikipedia-decade.html?hpg1=bn networkworld.com] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120315204326/http://www.networkworld.com/news/2011/011111-wikipedia-decade.html?hpg1=bn Archived] 15 March 2012 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]</ref> Lefelo leo le ne la simolola maiteko a go atolosa kgolo ya lone kwa India, mme la tshwara bokopano jwa lone jwa ntlha jwa India kwa Mumbai ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2011.<ref>Vaidyanathan, Rajini (November 19, 2011). [https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-15803308 "Wikipedia hosts India conference amid expansion push"]. BBC News. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055525/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-15803308 Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN1116765620110112 "Wikipedia, 10 years old, targets India]". Reuters. January 12, 2011. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110114211053/http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN1116765620110112 Archived] from the original on January 14, 2011. Retrieved January 13, 2011.</ref> [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] e fetile letshwao la dipego di le didikadike di le dikete tse tharo le botlhano ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a mabedi, mme ya fitlha go dipego di le didikadike di le dikete tse tharo le borobabobedi ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola malatsia le lesome le borobabobedi. Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola malatsia le supa ka ngwaga wa 2011, [[:en:German_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejeremane]] e ne ya feta diphetogo tsa ditsebe di le didikadike di le lekgolo, mme ya nna kgatiso ya bobedi ya puo go dira jalo morago ga kgatiso ya Seesemane, e e neng ya fitlhelela diphetogo tsa ditsebe di le didikadike di le makgolo a matlhano ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola malatsi a le masome le bobedile bone ka ngwaga wa 2011. [[:en:Dutch_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sedatšhe]] e ne ya feta dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le lesomele bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2011 e nna kgatiso ya bone go dira jalo. Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo a tlhola malatsi a le mararo ka ngwaga wa 2011, go ne ga gatisiwa kgololo ya tlhopho ya pego ya Wikipedia ya Mofuta wa 0.8.<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_0.8&oldid=998970578 Wikipedia:Version 0.8"], Wikipedia, January 7, 2021, [https://web.archive.org/web/20220705013507/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_0.8&oldid=998970578 archived] from the original on July 5, 2022, retrieved June 25, 2022</ref> Setempe sa "Wikimania 2011 – Haifa, Iseraele" se ne sa ntshiwa ke Israel Post ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola malatsi a le mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2011. Se e ne e le setempe sa ntlha se se neng se neetswe lenaneo le le amanang le Wikimedia. Magareng ga malatsi a mane le borataro a kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2011, [[:en:Italian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Italy]] e ne ya nna e e sa fitlhelegeng ka bomo go ipelaetsa kgatlhanong le molao o o tshitshintsweng wa [[:en:Italian_Parliament|Palamente ya Italy]] wa [[:en:DDL_intercettazioni|DDL intercettazioni]], o, fa o ka amogelwa, o neng o tla letla motho ope fela go pateletsa mafelo a tshedimosetso go ntsha tshedimosetso e e tsewang e le e e seng boammaaruri kgotsa e e kgopisang, kwantle ga go ntsha bosupi.<ref>[https://www.pcmag.com/archive/italian-wikipedia-hidden-to-protest-wiretap-law-288689 "Italian Wikipedia Hidden To Protest WireTap Law"]. PC Magazine. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055529/https://www.pcmag.com/archive/italian-wikipedia-hidden-to-protest-wiretap-law-288689 Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Gape ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2011, Wikimedia e ne ya itsise go simololwa ga [[:en:Wikipedia_Zero|Wikipedia Zero]], e leng letsholo la go kgontsha phitlhelelo ya mahala ya megala ya mosokela tsebeng mo Wikipedia mo ditshebang tse di tlhabologang ka tirisanommogo le badirisi ba megala ya mosokela tsebeng.<ref>Kapoor, Amit (October 26, 2011). [https://blog.wikimedia.org/2011/10/26/wikipedia-seeks-global-operator-partners-to-enable-free-access/ "Wikipedia seeks global operator partners to enable free access]". Wikimedia blog. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150717070411/http://blog.wikimedia.org/2011/10/26/wikipedia-seeks-global-operator-partners-to-enable-free-access/ Archived] from the original on July 17, 2015.</ref><ref>"[[mw:Wikipedia_Zero|Wikipedia Zero]]". MediaWiki. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120529101704/http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikipedia_Zero Archived] from the original on May 29, 2012. Retrieved May 27, 2012.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2012 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikimedia Foundation Wikipedia Blackout SOPA January 18, 2012.theora.ogv|thumb|Babereki ba kwa [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlhong wa Wikimedia]] ka nako ya fa go ne go kgaoga emisiwa tirelo ya lefelo la tshedimosetso mo SOPA]] Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlholamalatsi a le lesome le borataro, motlhami-mmogo wa Wikipedia [[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Jimmy Wales]] o ne a itsise gore Wikipedia ya Seesemane e tla [[:en:2012_Wikipedia_blackout|tswallwa ruri]] dioura di le masome a mabedi le bone ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e le lesome le borobabobedi jaaka karolo ya boipelaetso jo bo neng bo ikaeletse go bitsa tlhokomelo ya setšhaba mo Molaong o o tshitshintsweng wa go [[:en:Stop_Online_Piracy_Act|Emisa Borukhutlhi jwa Inthanete]] le [[:en:PROTECT_IP_Act|Molao wa PROTECT IP]] , e leng melao e mebedi e e [[:en:Copyright_infringement|kgatlhanong le borukhutlhi jwa dithoto tsa bakwadi]] jwa [[:en:United_States_Congress|puthego ya United States]] ka fa tlase ga ngangisano. Ba ne ba bitsa kemiso ya tirelo ye ya lefelo la tshedimosetso "tshwetso ya baagi", Wales le baganetsi ba bangwe ba melao ba ne ba dumela gore e tla tsenya puo e e gololesegileng le boitshimololedi jwa mo inthaneteng mo kotsing.<ref>Ortenzi, T. J. (January 17, 2012). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/blogpost/post/wikipedia-blackout-coming-jan-18-says-co-founder-jimmy-wales/2012/01/16/gIQAh2Ke3P_blog.html "Wikipedia blackout coming Wednesday, says co-founder Jimmy Wales"]. The Washington Post. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160306052240/https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/blogpost/post/wikipedia-blackout-coming-jan-18-says-co-founder-jimmy-wales/2012/01/16/gIQAh2Ke3P_blog.html Archived] from the original on March 6, 2016. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Go emisa tirelo ga nakwana mo go tshwanang le mo go ne ga dirwa ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome ke [[:en:Russian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Russia,]] go ipelaetsa kgatlhanong le molao o o tshitshintsweng wa taolo ya inthanete ya Russia.<ref>[https://www.express.co.uk/news/world/332016/Russian-Wikipedia-shuts-in-protest "Russian Wikipedia shuts in protest]". UKPA via Google. July 10, 2012.</ref> Mo bokhutlong jwa kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2012, [[m:Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]] e ne ya itsise ka [[:en:Wikidata|Wikidata]], e leng boalo jwa lefatshe lotlhe jwa go abelana tshedimosetso fa gare ga dikgatiso tsotlhe tsa dipuo tsa Wikipedia.<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/wikipedia/posts/158388724283345 "Wikidata announcement on Facebook]". Wikimedia Deutschland. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160101031943/https://www.facebook.com/wikipedia/posts/158388724283345 Archived] from the original on January 1, 2016. Retrieved October 28, 2015.</ref><ref>Chalabi, Mona (April 26, 2013). "[https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2013/apr/26/wikidata-launch Welcome to Wikidata! Now what?]". [https://web.archive.org/web/20211002152920/https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2013/apr/26/wikidata-launch Archived] from the original on October 2, 2021. Retrieved October 2, 2021.</ref> Lenaneo la Wikidata la didolara di le didikadike di le sekete le bosupa tsa Amerika e ne e tlamelwa ke Google, [[:en:Gordon_and_Betty_Moore_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Gordon le Betty Moore]], le Setheo sa Allen sa Botlhale jwa Maitirelo<ref>Terdiman, Daniel. [https://www.cnet.com/culture/wikidata-to-provide-structured-data-for-all-wikipedia-versions/ "Wikidata to provide structured data for all Wikipedia versions"]. CNET. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055527/https://www.cnet.com/culture/wikidata-to-provide-structured-data-for-all-wikipedia-versions/ Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Wikimedia Deutschland e ne ya tsaya maikarabelo a kgato ya ntlha ya Wikidata, mme kwa tshimologong e ne e rulagantse go dira gore boalo bo nne teng mo barulaganying ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2012. Kgato ya ntlha ya Wikidata e ne ya simolola go dira ka botlalo ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2013.<ref>Perez, Sarah (March 30, 2012). [https://techcrunch.com/2012/03/30/wikipedias-next-big-thing-wikidata-a-machine-readable-user-editable-database-funded-by-google-paul-allen-and-others/ "Wikipedia's Next Big Thing: Wikidata, A Machine-Readable, User-Editable Database Funded By Google, Paul Allen And Others]". TechCrunch. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120817042610/http://techcrunch.com/2012/03/30/wikipedias-next-big-thing-wikidata-a-machine-readable-user-editable-database-funded-by-google-paul-allen-and-others/ Archived] from the original on August 17, 2012.</ref><ref name=":13">Pintscher, Lydia (February 13, 2013). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130219054033/http://blog.wikimedia.de/2013/02/13/wikidata-live-on-the-english-wikipedia/ "Wikidata live on the English Wikipedia]". Wikimedia Deutschland. Archived from [[the original]] on February 19, 2013. Retrieved February 15, 2013.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Justin Anthony Knapp (cropped).jpg|thumb|Justin Knapp]] Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2012, [[:en:Justin_Knapp|Justin Knapp]] o ne a nna mokwadi wa ntlha a le mongwe go dira diphetogo tse di fetang sedikadike se le sengwe mo Wikipedia.<ref>Titcomb, James (April 20, 2012). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/wikipedia/9215151/First-man-to-make-1-million-Wikipedia-edits.html "First man to make 1 million Wikipedia edits".] The Daily Telegraph. [https://web.archive.org/web/20151119233646/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/wikipedia/9215151/First-man-to-make-1-million-Wikipedia-edits.html Archived] from the original on November 19, 2015. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>Skelton, Alissa (April 24, 2012). [https://mashable.com/archive/wikipedia-volunteer-editor "Wikipedia Volunteer Editor Reaches 1 Million Edits"]. Mashable. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055529/https://mashable.com/archive/wikipedia-volunteer-editor Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Jimmy Wales o ne a akgola Knapp ka tiro ya gagwe mme a mo fa sekgele sa lefelo la tshedimosetso e le sa ''Barnstar'' ''e e'' ''Kgethegileng s'' le kabelo ya ''Golden Wiki'' ka ntlha ya phitlhelelo ya gagwe.<ref>"[https://www.engadget.com/2012/04/20/one-million-wikipedia-edits/ Hardest working man on the internet passes one million Wikipedia edits".] Engadget. April 20, 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120820003926/http://www.engadget.com/2012/04/20/one-million-wikipedia-edits Archived] from the original on August 20, 2012. Retrieved September 3, 2012.</ref> Wales gape e ne ya bolela gore kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi e tla nna "Letsatsi la ga Justin Knapp".<ref>Skelton, Alissa (April 23, 2012). [http://mashable.com/2012/04/23/wikipedia-volunteer-editor/ "Wikipedia Volunteer Editor Reaches 1 Million Edits"]. Mashable. [https://web.archive.org/web/20151119235227/http://mashable.com/2012/04/23/wikipedia-volunteer-editor/ Archived] from the original on November 19, 2015. Retrieved October 24, 2012.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2012, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona dipego tsa yone tsa didikadike di le nne, [[:en:Ezbet_El_Borg|Izbat al-Burj]].<ref>[http://blog.wikimedia.org.uk/2012/07/english-language-wikipedia-hits-4-million-articles/ "English language Wikipedia hits 4 million articles]!". [[:en:Wikimedia_UK|Wikimedia UK]] Blog. Wikimedia UK. July 13, 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121222030833/http://blog.wikimedia.org.uk/2012/07/english-language-wikipedia-hits-4-million-articles/ Archived] from the original on December 22, 2012. Retrieved July 13, 2012.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2012, raditso le morulaganyi wa Wikipedia [[:en:Richard_J._Jensen|Richard J. Jensen]] o ne a ntsha mogopolo wa gore Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne e "gaufi le go wediwa", a tlhokomela gore palo ya barulaganyi ba ba dirang ka dinako tsotlhe e ne e wetse tlase thata fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 2007, le fa Wikipedia e ne e gola ka bonako mo palong ya dipego le mo babading.<ref>Rosen, Rebecca J. (October 25, 2012). [https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/10/surmounting-the-insurmountable-wikipedia-is-nearing-completion-in-a-sense/264111/ "Surmounting the Insurmountable: Wikipedia Is Nearing Completion, in a Sense]". The Atlantic. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121028064456/http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/10/surmounting-the-insurmountable-wikipedia-is-nearing-completion-in-a-sense/264111/ Archived] from the original on October 28, 2012. Retrieved October 27, 2012.</ref> Go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Inthanete ya Alexa]], Wikipedia e ne e le lefelo la tshedimosetso la borataro le le tumileng thata mo lefatsheng go tloga ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2012.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org "Amazon Alexa]". alexa.com. Archived from [https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org the original] on August 25, 2020. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> [[:en:AllThingsD|Dow Jones]] e ne ya baya Wikipedia mo maemong a botlhano lefatshe ka bophara go tloga ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2012.<ref>[http://allthingsd.com/20121220/the-fifth-biggest-site-in-the-world-operated-on-a-budget-of-27m-last-year "The Fifth-Biggest Site in the World Operated on a Budget of $27M Last Year"]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131206225138/http://allthingsd.com/20121220/the-fifth-biggest-site-in-the-world-operated-on-a-budget-of-27m-last-year/ Archived] from the original on December 6, 2013. Retrieved December 3, 2013., by Liz Gannes; AllThingsD became a subsidiary of Dow Jones & Company Inc in 2005 and was absorbed into [[:en:The_Wall_Street_Journal|WSJ.com]] during 2013.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2013 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:Italian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya SeItaly]] e ne ya nna kgatiso ya botlhano ya puo ya Wikipedia go feta dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe, fa Wikipedia ya [[:en:Russian_Wikipedia|Se-Russia]] le ya [[:en:Spanish_Wikipedia|Sespanishe]] e ne ya oketsega ka dipego tsa tsone tsa sedikadike ka malatsi a le lesome le bongwe le lesome le borataro a kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka go latelana. Ka letsatsi la lesome le botlhano la kgwedi ya Phukwi di-Wikipedia tsa [[:en:Polish_Wikipedia|Se-Sweden]] le ka Lwetse a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bone tsa [[:en:Polish_Wikipedia|Se-Poland]] di ne tsa bona dipego tsa tsone tsa didikadike, mme tsa nna dikgatiso tsa borobabobedi le tsa borobongwe tsa Wikipedia go dira jalo. Ka letsatsi la masome a mabedi le bosaupa la kgwedi ya Ferikgong, [[:en:Main_belt_asteroid|asteroid ya konokono ya lebanta]] [[:en:274301_Wikipedia|274301]] e ne ya bidiwa semmuso "Wikipedia" ke [[:en:Committee_for_Small_Body_Nomenclature#Minor_planets|Komiti ya Maina a Mmele o Mennye]].<ref>Workman, Robert (February 5, 2013). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130206105134/http://www.technewsdaily.com/16749-asteroid-named-wikipedia.html "Asteroid Re-Named 'Wikipedia'"]. [[:en:TechMediaNetwork,_Inc.|TechNewsDaily]]. Archived from [http://www.technewsdaily.com/16749-asteroid-named-wikipedia.html the original] on February 6, 2013. Retrieved February 7, 2013.</ref> Kgato ya ntlha ya polokelo ya tshedimosetso ya [[:en:Wikidata|Wikidata]], e e neng e tlamela ka dikgokagano tsa dipuo tse di farologaneng le tshedimosetso e nngwe ka go itirisa, e ne ya nna teng mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2013.<ref name=":13" /> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:Direction_centrale_du_renseignement_intérieur|tirelo ya sephiri ya Fora]] e ne ya bonwa molato ka go leka go tlhotlhomisa Wikipedia ka go tshosetsa moithaopi wa Wikipedia ka go tshwarwa ntle le fa "tshedimosetso ya sephiri" ka ga [[:en:Pierre-sur-Haute_military_radio_station|seteišene sa radio sa sesole]] e ka phimolwa.<ref>Willsher, Kim (April 7, 2013). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/apr/07/french-secret-service-wikipedia-page "French secret service accused of censorship over Wikipedia page"]. The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20130930145033/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/apr/07/french-secret-service-wikipedia-page Archived] from the original on September 30, 2013. Retrieved April 9, 2013.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Wikimania 2013 - VisualEditor - The present and future of editing our wikis.webm|thumb|Pontsho ka ga [[:en:VisualEditor|Motseleganyi wa Ditshwantsho]] wa Wikipedia]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi, go ne ga simololwa thulaganyo ya go fetola ya [[:en:VisualEditor|VisualEditor]], e e neng ya bopa kgato ya ntlha ya maiteko a go letla gore dipego di fetotswe ka segokaganyi se se tshwanang le sa [[:en:Word_processor|setlhagisa mafoko]] go na le go dirisa [[:en:Wiki_markup|tshwao ya wiki]].<ref>Arthur, Charles (July 2, 2013). [https://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2013/jul/02/rabbit-contact-lens "Boot up: wireless contact lens, Wikipedia's visual editing, Samsung's share slide and more"]. The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131104201314/http://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2013/jul/02/rabbit-contact-lens Archived] from the original on November 4, 2013. Retrieved July 2, 2013.</ref> Go ne ga simololwa gape le morulaganyi yo o diretsweng [[:en:Smartphone|megala ya letheka ya segompieno]] le didirisiwa tse dingwe tsa megala ya mosokela tsebeng.<ref>Gonera, Juliusz (July 25, 2013). "[[diffblog:2013/07/25/edit-wikipedia-on-the-go/|Edit Wikipedia on the go]]". Diff. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230325104612/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2013/07/25/edit-wikipedia-on-the-go/ Archived] from the original on March 25, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2014 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikipedia Edit 2014.webm|left|thumb|Tshekatsheko ya sesupa ditshwantso sa diteng tsa Wikipedia ka ngwaga wa 2014, e rotloetsa babogedi go tseleganya Wikipedia]] Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2014, lenaneo la go dira kgatiso e e gatisitsweng ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane, e e nang le bogolo bo le sekete le ditsebe di feta didikadike di le dingwe le dikete di le lekgolo, e ne ya simololwa ke batsayakarolo ba Wikipedia ya Sejeremane.<ref name=":10" /> Lenaneo le ne le batla matlole ka [[:en:Indiegogo|Indiegogo]], mme e ne e ikaeletse go tlotla meneelo ya barulaganyi ba Wikipedia.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/feb/20/wikipedia-1000-volume-print-edition-crowdfunding "Wikipedia 1,000-volume print edition planned"]. The Guardian. February 20, 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140311014332/http://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/feb/20/wikipedia-1000-volume-print-edition-crowdfunding Archived] from the original on March 11, 2014. Retrieved April 12, 2014.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2014, sefikantswe sa ntlha sa Wikipedia se ne sa bulwa kwa toropong ya Poland ya Slubice.<ref>Day, Matthew (October 10, 2014). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/poland/11153603/Polish-town-to-build-statue-honouring-Wikipedia.html "Polish town to build statue honouring Wikipedia"]. The Daily Telegraph. [https://web.archive.org/web/20141011191441/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/poland/11153603/Polish-town-to-build-statue-honouring-Wikipedia.html Archived] from the original on October 11, 2014. Retrieved October 11, 2014.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola letsatsi le le borobabobedi, lesome le botlhano ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo, le kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2014, [[:en:Waray_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Waray]], [[:en:Vietnamese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Vietnam]] le [[:en:Cebuano_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Cebuano]] nngwe le nngwe ya tsone e ne ya feta letshwao la pego e le sedikadike se le sengwe. E ne e le Wikipedia ya bolesome, ya bolesome le bongwe le ya bolesom le bobedi go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Le fa di ne di na le badirisi ba le mmalwa fela ba ba matlhagatlhaga, di-Wikipedia tsa puo ya Se-Waray le Se-Cebuano di ne di na le palo e e kwa godimo ya dipego tse di tlhamilweng ka go itirisa tse di tlhamilweng ke di roboto. ==== Ngwaga wa 2015 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikipedia 5 million articles milestone video November 2015.ogv|thumb|Ditshwantsho tse di tshikinyegang tse di tshwayang phitlhelelo ya Wikipedia ya Setswana ya dipego di le didikadike di le tlhano ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e le letsatsi ka ngwaga wa 2015]] Mo bogareng jwa ngwaga wa 2015, Wikipedia e ne e le lefelo la tshedimosetso ya bosupa e e tumileng thata mo lefatsheng go ya [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Maranyane a Alexa]] ,<ref name=":14">[http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org# "Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20171009035134/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on October 9, 2017. Retrieved October 9, 2017.</ref> e ne e le kwa tlase ka lefelo le le lengwe go tswa mo maemong a e neng e le mo go one ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2012. Kwa tshimologong ya ngwaga wa 2015, Wikipedia e ne ya nna ensaetlopedia e kgolo go gaisa tsotlhe ya kitsokakaretso mo inthaneteng, ka palogotlhe e e kopantsweng ya dipego tse di fetang didikadike di le masome a mararo le borataro tsa lefelo le legolo mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a borobabongwe le bongwe.<ref name=":12" /> Ka palogare, Wikipedia e amogela palogotlhe ya dipono tsa ditsebe tsa lefatshe lotlhe di le dibilione di le lesome go tswa mo baeting ba ba kgethegileng ba ka nna didikadike di le makgolo a mane le masome a borobabongwe le botlhano kgwedi le kgwedi,<ref name=":10" /><ref>[[stats:wikimedia/squids/SquidReportPageViewsPerCountryOverview.htm|"Wikimedia Statistics"]]. April 20, 2011. [https://web.archive.org/web/20111020212633/http://stats.wikimedia.org/wikimedia/squids/SquidReportPageViewsPerCountryOverview.htm Archived] from the original on October 20, 2011. Retrieved October 14, 2011.</ref> go akaretsa le baeng ba le didikadike di le masome a borobabobedi le botlhano go tswa kwa lefatsheng la United States fela,<ref name=":11" /> kwa e leng lefelo la borataro le le ratiwang thata.<ref name=":14" /> [[Setshwantsho:Print Wikipedia (no subtitles).webm|thumb|Motaki [[:en:Michael_Mandiberg|Michael Mandiberg]] o bua ka [[:en:Print_Wikipedia|Wikipedia e e Gatisitsweng]].]] [[:en:Print_Wikipedia|Gatisa Wikipedia]] e ne e le lenaneo la botaki le le dirilweng ke [[:en:Michael_Mandiberg|Michael Mandiberg]] le le neng la dira gore go nne le bokgoni jwa go gatisa bogolo jwa volume di le dikete tse supa ,makgolo a mane le masome a supa le boraro tsa Wikipedia jaaka e ne e le teng ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a supa ka ngwaga wa 2015. Bogolo jwa volume nngwe le nngwe e na le ditsebe di le makgolo a le supa mme ke di le lekgolo le lesome fela tse di gatisitsweng ke motaki.<ref>Schuessler, Jennifer (June 16, 2015). [https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/17/books/moving-wikipedia-from-computer-to-many-many-bookshelves.html "Moving Wikipedia From Computer to Many, Many Bookshelves"]. [[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20161202120645/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/17/books/moving-wikipedia-from-computer-to-many-many-bookshelves.html Archived] from the original on December 2, 2016. Retrieved December 24, 2016.</ref> Ka letsatsi le le lengwe la kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2015, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e fitlheletse dipego di le didikadike tse tlhano ka go tlhamiwa ga pego ka ga [[:en:Persoonia_terminalis|''Persoonia terminalis'']], mofuta wa setlhatshana. Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boraro, Wikipedia e ne ya amogela [[:en:Princess_of_Asturias_Awards|''Sekgele sa Kgosigatsana ya Asturias sa Tirisanommogo ya Boditšhabatšhaba.'']]<ref>"[https://elpais.com/tecnologia/2015/06/17/actualidad/1434535111_709353.html Wikipedia, Premio Princesa de Asturias de Cooperación]". El País (in Spanish). June 17, 2015. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1134-6582 1134-6582]. Retrieved February 4, 2026.</ref><ref>Poyo, Ana (October 22, 2015). [https://www.vogue.es/moda/news/articulos/agenda-premios-princesa-asturias-2015-ceremonia-entrega-reyes-felipe-letizia-mejores-looks-leonor-de-borbon/23909 "Los Premios Princesa de Asturias 2015 (al detalle)"]. ''Vogue España'' (in European Spanish). Retrieved February 4, 2026.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2016 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le le lesome le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2016, [[:en:Japanese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejapane]] e ne ya feta letshwao la dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe, mme ya nna Wikipedia ya bolesometharo go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Setlhogo sa sedidikadike se ne se le sa Wave 224, e leng sekepe sa ka fa tlase ga metsi sa [[:en:World_War_II|Ntwa ya Lefatshe ya bobedi]] sa Sesole sa Lewatle sa Bogosi jwa Japane. Mo bogareng jwa ngwaga wa 2016, Wikipedia e ne ya nna gape lefelo la tshedimosetso la borataro le le tumileng thata mo lefatsheng go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]],<ref>"[http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org# Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160706214359/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on July 6, 2016. Retrieved July 7, 2016.</ref> e tlhatlogile ka lefelo le le lengwe go tswa mo maemong a e neng e le mo go one mo ngwageng o o fetileng. ==== Ngwaga wa 2017 ==== Mo bogareng jwa ngwaga wa 2017, Wikipedia e ne ya kwalwa jaaka lefelo la tshedimosetso ya botlhano e e ratiwang thata mo lefatsheng go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]],<ref>"[http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org# Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170704011642/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on July 4, 2017. Retrieved July 4, 2017.</ref> e tlhatlogile lefelo le le lengwe go tswa mo maemong a e neng e le mo go one mo ngwageng o o fetileng. Wikipedia Zero e dirilwe gore e nne teng kwa Iraq le kwa Afganistan. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabongwe 2017, [[:en:Block_of_Wikipedia_in_Turkey|go fitlhelela Wikipedia mo maranayaneng go ne ga thibelwa mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo kwa Turkey]] ke balaodi ba Turkey. Go thibelwa mo go ne ga tswelela go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano,ka ngwaga wa 2020, ka gonne [[:en:Judicial_system_of_Turkey|kgotlatshekelo ya Turkey]] e ne ya atlhola gore thibelo e e tlola ditshwanelo tsa batho. [[:en:Japanese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejapane]] e e tsenngwang mokgwa wa tshireletso kwa China fa e sale ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole a tlhola malatsia le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2017.<ref>[https://en.greatfire.org/https/ja.wikipedia.org "ja.wikipedia.org]". ''[[:en:GreatFire|GreatFire]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180120065845/https://en.greatfire.org/https/ja.wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on January 20, 2018. Retrieved April 7, 2018.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2018 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2018, palo ya dipego tsa [[:en:Chinese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Setšhaena]] e ne ya feta sedikadike se le sengwe mme ya nna Wikipedia ya bolesome le bone go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Wikipedia ya Setšhaena e thibetswe kwa [[:en:Mainland_China|Nagengkgolo ya China]] fa e sale ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 2015.<ref>[https://www.theverge.com/2015/9/4/9260981/jimmy-wales-wikipedia-china "Wikipedia founder defends decision to encrypt the site in China".] September 4, 2015. Archived from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved April 17, 2018.</ref> Moragonyana mo ngwageng, ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borataro , [[:en:Portuguese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sepotokisi]] e ne ya feta letshwao la dipego di le sedikadike ose le sengwe, ya nna Wikipedia ya bolesome le botlhano go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Setlhogo sa sedikadike e ne e le [[:pt:Perdão de Richard Nixon|Perdão de Richard Nixon]] ([[:en:Pardon_of_Richard_Nixon|Tshwarelo ya ga Richard Nixon)]]. Ka ngwaga wa2018, Wikipedia e ne ya boloka lenaane la yone jaaka lefelo la tshedimosetso ya botlhano e e ratiwang thata mo lefatsheng go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Inthanete ya Alexa]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org "Wikipedia.org Traffic, Demographics and Competitors – Alexa"]. alexa.com. Archived from the original on August 25, 2020. Retrieved October 28, 2018.</ref> Ntlha nngwe e e tlhomologileng e ne e le tiriso ya [[:en:Artificial_Intelligence|Botlhale jwa Maitirelo]] go tlhama dipego tse di kwadilweng ka ditlhogo tse di neng di tlhokomologilwe.<ref>"[https://www.theverge.com/2018/8/8/17663544/ai-scientists-wikipedia-primer AI spots 40,000 prominent scientists overlooked by Wikipedia]". The Verge. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180809023533/https://www.theverge.com/2018/8/8/17663544/ai-scientists-wikipedia-primer Archived] from the original on August 9, 2018. Retrieved October 28, 2018.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2019 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola masome a mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2019, balaodi ba China ba ne ba atolosa Wikipedia go nna mefuta ya dipuo tsotlhe.<ref>Gandolfo, Ryan. "[http://www.thatsmags.com/beijing/post/27660/wikipedia-currently-down-in-china Wikipedia Currently Down in China"]. That's Beijing. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190424081614/http://www.thatsmags.com/beijing/post/27660/wikipedia-currently-down-in-china Archived] from the original on April 24, 2019. Retrieved April 24, 2019.</ref><ref>Sukhbir Singh; Arturo Filastò; Maria Xynou (May 4, 2019). [https://ooni.io/post/2019-china-wikipedia-blocking/ "China is now blocking all language editions of Wikipedia"]. Open Observatory of Network Interference. Retrieved May 7, 2019. The following chart, based on OONI data, illustrates that multiple language editions of Wikipedia have been blocked in China as of April 2019.{...}OONI measurements show that many of these Wikipedia domains were previously accessible, but all measurements collected from 25 April 2019 onwards present the same DNS anomalies for all Wikipedia sub-domains.{...}Based on these tests, we were able to conclude that China Telecom does in fact block all language editions of Wikipedia by means of both DNS injection and SNI filtering.</ref> Nako ya go thibela e ne ya tsamaisana le [[:en:30th_anniversary_of_the_1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests|ngwaga wa masome a mararo a segopotso]] wa [[:en:1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre|ditshupetso le polao ya batho ba le bantsi kwa Tiananmen Square ka ngwaga wa 1989]] le ngwaga wa bo lekgolo wa [[:en:May_Fourth_Movement|Mokgatlho wa Motsheganong wa Bone]], mme seo sa felela ka gore [[:en:Internet_censorship_in_China|inthanete e tlhotlhomisiwe thata kwa China.]]<ref>[https://www.news18.com/news/world/ahead-of-tiananmen-anniversary-chinese-government-blocks-wikipedia-2142621.html "Ahead of Tiananmen Anniversary, Chinese Government Blocks Wikipedia"]. News18. May 15, 2019. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190602223335/https://www.news18.com/news/world/ahead-of-tiananmen-anniversary-chinese-government-blocks-wikipedia-2142621.html Archived] from the original on June 2, 2019. Retrieved June 2, 2019.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2019, go ya ka Alexa.com, Wikipedia e ne ya wela tlase go tswa mo maemong a botlhano go ya kwa maemong a bosupa mo lefelong la tshedimosetso mo lefatsheng ka ntlha ya go dirisa inthanete mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org wikipedia.org Competitive Analysis, Marketing Mix and Traffic – Alexa"]. alexa.com. Archived from [https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org the original] on August 25, 2020. Retrieved February 10, 2018.</ref> Ka one ngwaga oo, kopololo ya Wikipedia e ne ya romelwa kwa Ngweding, e le karolo ya [[:en:Arch_Mission_Foundation|lefelo la go bala la Arch Lunar]]. Ka ntlha ya go palelwa, sefofane se se dirisang mollo go fofa se ne sa thula mo godimo ga Ngwedi, mme, ka ntlha ya tiriso ya di polokelo tse di kgethegileng, tse di kgonang go emelana le nickel, go dumelwa gore kopololo e ne ya falola go thula.<ref>Taylor, Chris (April 17, 2019). [https://mashable.com/article/moon-library-beresheet-crash-wikipedia "There may be a copy of Wikipedia somewhere on the moon. Here's how to help find it"]. Mashable. Retrieved March 30, 2026.</ref> === Ngwagasome wa boraro: 2020–gompieno === Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa 2020, setlhogo sa didikadike di le thataro, e leng lokwalo la botshelo lwa ga [[:en:Maria_Elise_Turner_Lauder|Maria Elise Turner Lauder,]] se ne sa tsenngwa mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane. Le fa go ne go na le kgolo e ya dipego, go dirisana ga Wikipedia mo inthaneteng ya lefatshe lotlhe, jaaka go lekanngwa ke Alexa, go ne ga tswelela go fokotsega. Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2020, Wikipedia e ne ya wela mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ya bolesome le bongwe mo lefatsheng ka ntlha ya go dirisa inthanete mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref name=":15">[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org "wikipedia.org Competitive Analysis, Marketing Mix and Traffic – Alexa"]. alexa.com. Archived from [https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org the original] on August 25, 2020. Retrieved February 10, 2018.</ref> Bobedi jwa go bega ga Wikipedia ga mathata a [[:en:COVID-19_pandemic|bolwetsi jo bo neng jwa amana lefatshe lotlhe la COVID-19]] le diphetogo tse di tshegetsang, dipuisano, le e leng go phimolwa go ne go akanngwa gore ke motswedi o o mosola go bo ra ditso ba isago ba ba batlang go tlhaloganya paka eo ka botlalo.<ref>Harrison, Stephen (May 27, 2020). [https://slate.com/technology/2020/05/wikipedia-coronavirus-information-future-historians.html "Future Historians Will Need Access to Coronavirus Misinformation]". Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200527165139/https://slate.com/technology/2020/05/wikipedia-coronavirus-information-future-historians.html Archived] from the original on May 27, 2020. Retrieved June 9, 2020.</ref> [[:en:World_Health_Organization|Mokgatlho wa Lefatshe wa Boitekanelo]] o dirisane mmogo le Wikipedia jaaka motswedi wa konokono wa go anamisa tshedimosetso e e amanang le COVID-19 jaaka go thusa go lwantshana go anama ga tshedimosetso e e fosegileng.<ref>Matt, Chase (January 9, 2021). [https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higherhttps://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher "Wikipedia is 20, and its reputation has never been highe]r". [[:en:The_Economist|The Economist]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221231224550/https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher Archived] from the original on December 31, 2022. Retrieved January 9, 2021.</ref><ref>McNeil, Donald G. (October 22, 2020). [https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/22/health/wikipedia-who-coronavirus-health.html "Wikipedia and W.H.O. Join to Combat Covid-19 Misinformation"]. [[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20201227064918/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/22/health/wikipedia-who-coronavirus-health.html Archived] from the original on December 27, 2020. Retrieved October 25, 2020.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2021 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2021, [[:en:Wikipedia:20th_anniversary|ngwaga wa masome a mabedi wa segopotso sa Wikipedia]] o ne wa lemogiwa mo metsweding ya dikgang.<ref>Kelly, Heather (January 15, 2021). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/01/15/wikipedia-20-year-anniversary/ "Technology: On its 20th birthday, Wikipedia might be the safest place online]". [[:en:The_Washington_Post|The Washington Post]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210905012756/https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/01/15/wikipedia-20-year-anniversary/ Archived] from the original on September 5, 2021. Retrieved January 16, 2021. The world's largest online encyclopedia has learned lessons from fighting misinformation for two decades</ref><ref>Kent, German (January 15, 2021). "[https://www.cnet.com/news/in-a-post-truth-world-we-need-wikipedia-more-than-ever/ In a post-truth world, we need Wikipedia more than ever]". [[:en:CNET|CNET]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220221144855/https://www.cnet.com/news/in-a-post-truth-world-we-need-wikipedia-more-than-ever/ Archived] from the original on February 21, 2022. Retrieved January 16, 2021. Commentary: Wikipedia celebrated its 20th anniversary today. The free encyclopedia may not be exciting, but its neutral, volunteer-driven content is incredibly valuable.</ref><ref>"[https://www.dw.com/en/world-in-progress-20-years-of-wikipedia/av-56212410 World in Progress: 20 years of Wikipedia]" (Audio). [[:en:Deutsche_Welle|Deutsche Welle]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221005082902/https://www.dw.com/en/world-in-progress-20-years-of-wikipedia/av-56212410 Archived] from the original on October 5, 2022. Retrieved January 17, 2021. The year marks the 20th anniversary of Wikipedia. Every month, more than 1.7 billion people visit the open-source website in search of information about, well, just about anything! We speak with Dr. Bernie Hogan from the [[:en:Oxford_Internet_Institute|Oxford Internet Institute]] about Wikipedia's successes, where it fits into the discrimination crisis, and the website's future.</ref><ref>[[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Wales, Jimmy]] (January 14, 2021). [https://news.yahoo.com/wikipedia-turns-20-aims-reach-035212015.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly9zZWFyY2gueWFob28uY29tLw&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAHKHaTI72xUEUz_BdVPt8DFvi-uLdmApcbSckrJrAbM_GpTwHsHtNHRdxX-KYAS6xk81e_p_w46bfh10PJVV7cmUzE-pWR5gsID2T8Kd1k0u-2r78p4Y4V16CKTPFcWRJzV0LwQMJyuEeeR7Vv-_lfVBiCT30KvF47aGzyE3QP-a "As Wikipedia turns 20 it aims to reach more readers"]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220923105157/https://news.yahoo.com/wikipedia-turns-20-aims-reach-035212015.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly9zZWFyY2gueWFob28uY29tLw&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAHKHaTI72xUEUz_BdVPt8DFvi-uLdmApcbSckrJrAbM_GpTwHsHtNHRdxX-KYAS6xk81e_p_w46bfh10PJVV7cmUzE-pWR5gsID2T8Kd1k0u-2r78p4Y4V16CKTPFcWRJzV0LwQMJyuEeeR7Vv-_lfVBiCT30KvF47aGzyE3QP-a Archived] from the original on September 23, 2022. Retrieved January 17, 2021 – via [[:en:Yahoo!|Yahoo]]!. Wikipedia is the web's seventh-most visited site</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malalatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2021, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya fitlhelela diphetogo di le dibilione di le nngwe, koo tseleganyo ya bobilione e neng ya dirwa ke [[:en:Steven_Pruitt|Steven Pruitt]]<ref>"[https://www.vice.com/en/article/the-english-language-wikipedia-just-had-its-billionth-edit/ The English Language Wikipedia Just Had Its Billionth Edit"]. [[:en:Vice_(magazine)|Vice]]. January 15, 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210115145145/https://www.vice.com/en/article/k7appn/the-english-language-wikipedia-just-had-its-billionth-edit Archived] from the original on January 15, 2021. Retrieved February 26, 2021.</ref> [[:en:MIT_Press|MIT Press]] e gatisitse buka e e [[:en:Open_access|bulegileng ya ditlhamo]] [[:en:Wikipedia_@_20|''Wikipedia @ 20'']]: ''Dikgang tsa Phetogo e e sa Fediwang'', e e rulagantsweng ke [[:en:Joseph_M._Reagle_Jr.|Joseph Reagle]] le Jackie Koerner ka ditshwaelo go tswa go ba-Wikipedia ba ba tlhageletseng, ba-Wikimedia, babatlisisi, babegadikgang, ba lefelo la dibuka le baitseanape ba bangwe ba ba akanyang ka ditiragalo tse di rileng le<ref>Reagle, Joseph; Koerner, Jackie, eds. (2020). [https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/wikipedia-20 Wikipedia @ 20: Stories of an Incomplete Revolution]. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0262538176|978-0262538176.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20220716055539/https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/wikipedia-20 Archived] from the original on July 16, 2022. Retrieved November 12, 2021.</ref>. Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2021, Wikipedia e ne e wetse mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ya bolesometharo mo lefatsheng ka ntlha ya go dirisa inthanete mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref name=":15" /> ==== Ngwaga wa 2022 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2022, Modiri wa Wikipedia Richard Knipel o ne a tlhama setlhogo sa [[:en:Artwork_title|setlhogo sa Botaki]], se poeletso ya sone ya ntlha e neng e le mokwalo yo o santseng o tla baakangwa e e tlhagisitsweng ke [[:en:ChatGPT|ChatGPT]] e Knipel a neng a e dirile diphetogo tse dinnye go tsamaisana thata le maemo a Wikipedia. Knipel o boletse mo [[:en:Talk_page|tsebeng ya puisano]] gore o dumela gore ke lekgetlo la ntlha mongwe a dirisa ChatGPT go tlhama pego ya Wikipedia. Go romelwa ga pego e go ne ga kgalwa ke barulaganyi ba bangwe mme ga tsosa kganetsano mo setšhabeng sa Wikipedia, mme se sa dira gore go nne le kganetsano e e tseneletseng ka gore a ChatGPT le dikai tse di tshwanang le yone di tshwanetse go dirisiwa mo go kwaleng diteng tsa Wikipedia le gore, fa go le jalo, di tshwanetse go dirisiwa go le kana kang.<ref>Harrison, Stephen (January 12, 2023). [https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/chatgpt-wikipedia-articles.html "Should ChatGPT Be Used to Write Wikipedia Articles?]". Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230128200141/https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/chatgpt-wikipedia-articles.html Archived] from the original on January 28, 2023. Retrieved January 30, 2023.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2023 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2023, segokaganyi sa sesupa ditlhaka sa tafole sa Wikipedia se ne sa fetolwa lekgetho la ntlha fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 2010, go nna sebopedgo se sesha se se bitswang [[:en:Vector_2022|Vector 2022]].<ref>"[[foundationsite:news/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-a-fresh-new-look-first-desktop-update-in-a-decade-puts-usability-at-the-forefront/|Wikipedia Gets a Fresh New Look: First Desktop Update in a Decade Puts Usability at the Forefront]]". Wikimedia Foundation. January 18, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230119234339/https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-a-fresh-new-look-first-desktop-update-in-a-decade-puts-usability-at-the-forefront/ Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> Segokakanyi sa modirisi se segolo se sesha se ne sa nyatswa thata ke badirisi. Dikganetso tse dintsi di ne di tlhomile mogopolo mo thulaganyong ya bophara jo bo tlhomameng, e e neng ya dira gore go nne le sebaka se sesweu se se feteletseng mo dintlheng tsa dimonithara tse di bulegileng, mme se sa dira gore go nne le motlotlo wa mafoko a le dikete tse borobabongwe wa gore a letlalo le lesha le tshwanetse go nna le le tlwaelesegileng. [[:en:Swahili_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seswahili]] e ne ya tlhopa ka bongwefela jwa pelo go gana letlalo le lesha mme "ka bokhutshwane" ya batla gore go boelwe kwa letlalong la bogologolo. Go tshwaiwa phoso go gongwe go ne ga lebisiwa kwa Mokgatlhong wa Wikimedia ka go thapa setlhopha sa batlhami se se nang le maitemogelo a a lekanyeditsweng mo diwiki. Brandon Harris, yo e neng e le motlhami yo mogolo kwa Wikipedia go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2010 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2014, o ne a re: "Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia gantsi o thapa batlhami ba ba sa tlwaelanang le baagi, mme ba tsena abo ba leka go dira diphetogo tseo tsotlhe—ba taboga ka tlhogo pele go nna shaga ya modumo —mme baagi ba gana ka tsela e e utlwalang]".<ref>Rauwerda, Annie (January 18, 2023). [https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/wikipedia-redesign-vector-2022-skin.html "Wikipedia's Redesign Is Barely Noticeable. That's the Point"]. Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120005241/https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/wikipedia-redesign-vector-2022-skin.html Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Wikimedia Sound Logo Finalist VQ97.wav|thumb|Letshwao la modumo la Wikimedia (go akaretsa le Wikipedia)<ref name=":16">[[foundationsite:news/2023/03/28/wikipedias-new-sound-logo-winner/|"Wikipedia's new sound logo: Winner of The Sound of All Human Knowledge contest announced".]] Wikimedia Foundation. March 28, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230406101352/https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/03/28/wikipedias-new-sound-logo-winner/ Archived] from the original on April 6, 2023. Retrieved May 2, 2023.</ref>]] Morago ga therisano le kgaisano, letshwao [[:en:Sound_logo|la ntlha la modumo]] la Wikimedia (go akaretsa le Wikipedia) le ne la amogelwa.<ref name=":16" /> ==== Ngwaga wa 2024 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a lelesome le boraro, ka ngwaga wa 2024, kopololo ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane, e e bolokilweng mo [[:en:5D_optical_data_storage|polokelong ya tshedimosetso ya 5D optical]], e ne ya tsenngwa mo lefelong la patlisiso le le ka fa tlase ga lefatshe kwa Switzerland, le le nang le kgonagalo ya go bolokwa dingwaga di ka nna dibilione di le lesome le bone, ka ntlha ya maranyane ya polokelo e e dirisitsweng. Kopololo e ka balega ka go dirisa [[:en:Microscope|sedirisiwa sa go godisa dilo tse dinnye gore di bonale sentle]], kwantle ga go tlhoka go dirisa [[:en:Digital_electronics|thekenoloji ya maranyane a segompieno]] .<ref>"[https://www.archmission.org/gkv Global Knowledge Vault]". Arch Mission Foundation - Preserving humanity forever, in space and on Earth. Retrieved May 26, 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2024, kopololo ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya goroga ka katlego mo Ngweding, jaaka karolo ya lenaneo la Galactic Legacy Archive. Thomo e ne ya dirwa ke [[:en:Intuitive_Machines|Metšhini ya Intuitive]], fa sefofane se se dirisang mollo sone se ne sa itsisiwe semmuso ke [[:en:SpaceX|SpaceX]]. Tshedimosetso e e ne e bolokilwe jaaka e e dirisang dikarolo di le lesome le borataro tsa nickel, mme go akanyediwa gore e ka nna mo godimo ga Ngwedi dingwaga di ka nna dibilione di le tlhano. <ref>"[https://www.archmission.org/galactic-legacy-archive Galactic Legacy Archive]". Arch Mission Foundation - Preserving humanity forever, in space and on Earth. Retrieved May 26, 2026.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2025 ==== ==== Ngwaga wa 2026 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Work-in-progress animation of the Wikipedia 25 birthday mascot scrolling on a phone.gif|thumb|Setshwantsho sa Baby Globe e tsamayatsamaya mo mogaleng wa letheka]] Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano, Wikipedia e ne ya keteka ngwaga wa yone wa masome a mabedi le botlhano.<ref>[https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00074-1 "Wikipedia is needed now more than ever, 25 years on"]. Nature. 649 (8099): 1079–1080. January 28, 2026. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00074-1|10.1038/d41586-026-00074-1]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1476-4687 1476-4687.]</ref> Go ne ga tlhamiwa motseletsele wa ditokomane le "lebokoso la go boloka dilo tsa nako" jaaka karolo ya meletlo.<ref>Roth, Emma (January 15, 2026). [https://www.theverge.com/news/861935/wikipedia-25th-anniversary-2026 "Wikipedia turns 25 and shares a glimpse into the lives of its volunteer editors]". The Verge. Retrieved February 25, 2026.</ref> Go ne ga gololwa setshwantsho se se tlhamilweng ke modirisi BaduFerreira se se bidiwang [[:en:Baby_Globe|Baby Globe]]. E ne ya tlhagelela fa mokgwa wa letsatsi la matsalo o ne o kgontshitswe mo Wikipedia. Go ne ga tlhamiwa [[:en:Plush|seaparo]] sa Baby Globe se se ka [[:en:Collectable|kokoanngwang]] ka tirisanommogo le Makeship.<ref>Fear, Natalie (January 15, 2026). [https://www.creativebloq.com/design/wikipedia-unveils-adorable-mascot-for-25th-anniversary "Wikipedia's new mascot is too cute for words"]. Creative Bloq. Retrieved February 25, 2026.</ref> Baby Globe e ne ya tlosiwa mo lefelong la Wikipedia ka kgwedi ya Moranang a le malatsi a le supa.<ref>"[[foundationsite:wikipedia25/wikipedia-mascot/|Meet Baby Globe, Wikipedia's 25th birthday mascot]]". Wikimedia Foundation. Retrieved April 14, 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bosupa, Wikipedia e ne ya thibela tiriso ya diteng tse di tlhamilweng ke [[:en:Large_language_model|di-LLM]] mo dipegong tsa yone, kwa ntle ga dithanolo le diphetogo tse dinnye tsa di kopololo.<ref>Milman, Oliver (March 27, 2026). [https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2026/mar/27/wikipedia-bans-ai "Wikipedia bans AI-generated content in its online encyclopedia"]. The Guardian. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077 0261-3077]. Retrieved March 31, 2026.</ref><ref>"[https://www.newsweek.com/wikipedia-bans-ai-content-after-debate-11746790 Wikipedia bans one type of content after 'heated debate']". Newsweek. March 27, 2026. Retrieved March 31, 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong a tlhola malatsia le lesome le bongwe, Wikipedia e ne ya golola Kgwetlho ya go Bala ya Ngwaga wa bo masome a mabedi le botlhano ya tiriso ya iOS go tloga ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bongwe go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borobabobedi mme Baby Globe e ne ya tlhagisiwa gape.<ref>"[[mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Team/25th_Birthday_Reading_Challenge|Wikimedia Apps/Team/25th Birthday Reading Challenge"]]. MediaWiki. May 11, 2026. Retrieved June 14, 2026.</ref> == Ditso go ya ka maphata a thuto == === Didirisiwa tsa sesupaditlhaka le mananeo a sesupaditlhaka === Pego ya konokono: [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]] ''Mananeo a sesupaditlhaka a a tsamaisang Wikipedia, le sedirisiwa sa sesupaditlhaka, mafelo a polokelo a di server le ditsamaiso tse dingwe tse Wikipedia e ikaegileng ka tsone.'' * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2001, Wikipedia e ne ya tsamaya mo [[:en:UseModWiki|UseModWiki]], e e kwadilweng ka [[:en:Perl|Perl]] ke [[:en:Clifford_Adams|Clifford Adams]]. Sesupaditlhaka se se fang disupaditlhaka tse dingwe ditirelo le tshedimosetso mo mafaratlhatlheng e ne e sa ntse e dirisa [[:en:Linux|Linux]], le fa mokwalo wa ntlha o ne o bolokilwe mo sedirisweng sa polokelo sa faele go na le mo polokelong ya tshedimosetso ya database . Ditlhogo di ne di bidiwa ka mokgwa wa [[:en:CamelCase|CamelCase]]. * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2002, "Kgato ya bobedi" ya mananeo a sesupa ditlhaka ya wiki e e fang Wikipedia maatla e ne ya tlhagisiwa, e e neng ya emisetsa [[:en:UseModWiki|UseModWiki]] ya bogologolo. E kwaletswe lenaneo leo ka tlhamalalo ke [[:en:Magnus_Manske|Magnus Manske]], e ne e akaretsa [[:en:Wiki_engine|enjene ya wiki]] ya [[:en:PHP|PHP]]. * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2002, [[:en:Rewrite_(programming)|go kwalwa sešwa mo gogolo]] ga mananeo a sesupaditlhaka e e fang Wikipedia maatla go ne ga simolola; e e bidiwang "Kgato ya boraro", e ne ya tsaya sebaka sa mofuta wa bogologolo wa "Kgato ya bobedi", mme ya nna [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]]. E kwadilwe ke [[:en:Lee_Daniel_Crocker|Lee Daniel Crocker]] go tsibogela ditlhokego tse di oketsegang tsa lenaneo le le golang. * Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2002, Derek Ramsey o ne a tlhama [[:en:Internet_bot|bot]] – thulaganyo e e itirisang e e bidiwang [[:en:Rambot|Rambot]] – go oketsa palo e ntsi ya dipego tse di buang ka ditoropo tsa lefatshe la United States; dipego tseo di ne tsa tlhagisiwa ka go itirisa go tswa mo tshedimosetsong ya [[:en:U.S._census|palobatho ya U.S.]] Ka jalo o ne a oketsa palo ya dipego tsa Wikipedia ka dikete tse masome a mararo le boraro le makgolo a borobabobedi le masome a mararo le bobedi.<ref>[[:en:Andrew_Lih|Lih, Andrew]] (2009). [https://books.google.com/books?id=AWuZAAAAQBAJ&q=%22Derek+Ramsey+%28Wikipedian%29%22 ''The Wikipedia Revolution'']. Hachette Digital, Inc. pp. 99–106. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1401395858|978-1401395858]].</ref> Se se biditswe "kgato e e tsosang kganetsano go gaisa mo ditsong tsa Wikipedia"<ref>Lih, p. 99.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2003, go ne ga okediwa ka tshegetso ya sekaelo tsa dipalo mo [[:en:TeX|TeX]]. Ditaelo tse di kwadilweng ka puo ya sesupaditlhaka di ne tsa ntshiwa ke Tomasz Węgrzanowski. * Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a a robangbongweka ngwaga wa 2003, segokaganyi sa [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] sa Wikipedia se ne sa fetolwa go dira gore di-ISBN mo dipegong di golagane le E kgethegileng:Metswedi ya Dibuka, e e tsayang diteng tsa yone go tswa mo tsebeng e e ka rulaganngwang ke modirisi ya [[:en:Wikipedia:Book_sources|Wikipedia:Metswedi ya dibuka]]. Pele ga se, dintlha tsa kgokagano ya ISBN di ne tsa tsenngwa khoutu mo lenaneong la sesupa ditshwantso mme go ne ga tshitshinngwa tse dišwa mo tsebeng ya Wikipedia:ISBN. Bona tseleganyo e e fetotseng se. * Morago ga kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 2003, melaetsa e e farologaneng ya tsamaiso e e neng e bontshiwa badirisi ba Wikipedia e ne e sa tlhole e tsentswe [[:en:Hard_coding|dikhoutu tse di thata]], mme se se ne sa dira gore [[:en:Wikipedia:Administrators|batsamaisi]] ba Wikipedia ba kgone go fetola dikarolo dingwe tsa segokaganyi sa MediaWiki, jaaka molaetsa o o neng o bontshiwa badirisi ba ba thibetsweng. * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2004, ditiro tsa disupaditlhaka se se fang disupaditlhaka tse dingwe ditirelo le tshedimosetso mo mafaratlhatlheng di ne tsa fudusiwa go tswa kwa San Diego, kwa California go ya kwa [[:en:Tampa,_Florida|Tampa, kwa Florida]].<ref>"[[mailarchive:wikitech-l/2004-February/008420.html|Server swapping soon]]". lists.wikimedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140618061009/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2004-February/008420.html Archived] from the original on June 18, 2014. Retrieved February 10, 2007.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e thola malatsi ka ngwaga wa 2004, lefelo la tshedimosetso tsotlhe tse di farologaneng di ne tsa tlhabololwa go nna mofuta o mošwa wa mananeo a sesupaditlhaka sa [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]]. * Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa 2004, go ne ga tlhagelela ditiragalo tsa ntlha tsa ditsenngwa tsa "go aroganngwa ka ditlhopha". Maano a ditlhopha, jaaka Diphetogo tsa Bosheng le Phetolo ya Tsebe E, di ne di ntse di le teng fa e sa le Wikipedia e tlhongwa. Le fa go ntse jalo, Sanger o ne a lebile maano jaaka manaane, le dipego tse di tsenngwang ka diatla, fa maiteko a go [[:en:Categorization|aroganya ka ditlhopa]] a ne a ikaegile ka ditsenngwa tsa go tlhaola ka ditlhopa ka bongwe mo pegong nngwe le nngwe ya ensaetlopedia, jaaka karolo ya go aroganya ka ditlhopha mo go golo mo go itirisang ga dipego tsa ensaetlopedia.<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Categorization|"Wikipedia:Categorization]]", Wikipedia. Retrieved 30 January 2007.</ref> * Morago ga kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le mararo ka ngwaga wa 2004, batsamaisi ba ne ba ka tseleganya mokgwa wa segokaganyi ka go fetola [[:en:Cascading_Style_Sheets|CSS]] mo pampiring ya mokgwa wa buka e le nngwe mo [[:en:MediaWiki:Monobook.css|MediaWiki:Monobook.css.]] * Gape ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 2004, ka MediaWiki 1.3, go ne ga tlhamiwa lefelo la maina la Thempoleite, le le letlang go tsenngwa ga ditlhangwa tse di tlwaelesegileng . * Ka di 7 Seetebosigo 2005 ka 3:00 a.m. ka Nako e e Tlwaelegileng ya Botlhaba, bontsi jwa disefara tsa Wikimedia di ne tsa fudusediwa kwa lefelong le lesha le le ka kwa ga mmila. Diporojeke tsotlhe tsa Wikimedia di ne di sa dire ka nako eno. * Ka Mopitlwe 2013, kgato ya ntlha ya polokelotshedimosetso ya Wikidata ya interwiki e ne ya nna teng mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo tsa Wikipedia.[121] * Ka Phukwi 2013, go ne ga tlhongwa segokaganyi sa go tseleganya sa VisualEditor, se se neng se letla badirisi go tseleganya Wikipedia ba dirisa morulaganyi wa mafoko wa WYSIWYG (o o tshwanang le modirisiwa wa go rulaganya mafoko) go na le go tshwaya wiki.[132] Segokaganyi sa go tseleganya se se tokafaditsweng didiriswa tsa selulafouno le sone se ne sa gololwa ==== '''Ponalo le mokgwa wa tiriso''' ==== ''Ponalo ya kwa ntle ya Wikipedia, tsela e e lebegang ka yone, mokgwa o e dirang ka one, le letshwao la yone (branding), tsotlhe jaaka di bonwa ke badirisi''. Ka la 4 Moranang 2002, BrilliantProse, e moragonyana e neng ya bidiwa Featured Articles (Ditlhogo tse di Tlhophilweng), e ne ya fudusiwa go tswa mo lefelong la ditlhogo go ya mo lefelong la Wikipedia. Mo e ka nnang ka la 15 Diphalane 2003, go ne ga tsenngwa letshwao (logo) le lesha la Wikipedia. Kgopolo ya letshwao leo e ne ya tlhophiwa ka tshegetso ya ditlhopho, mme morago ga moo ga latela tshekatsheko ya go tlhopha mofuta o o gaisang. Letshwao la bofelo le ne la tlhamiwa ke David Friedland (yo o dirisang leina la “nohat” mo Wikipedia), le ikaegile ka mokgwa le kgopolo tse di neng tsa tlhamiwa ke Paul Stansifer. Ka la 22 Tlhakole 2004, karolo ya “Did You Know (DYK)” e ne ya tlhagelela la ntlha mo Tsebeng e Kgolo (Main Page). Ka la 23 Tlhakole 2004, ka nako ya 19:46 UTC, Tsebe e Kgolo e ne ya fiwa ponalo e ntšha e e neng e rulagantswe sentle. Ponalo eno e ne ya akaretsa ditlhogo tse di tlhophilweng tsotlhe ka seatla, tse di neng di akaretsa:Setlhogo se se Tlhophilweng sa Letsatsi (Daily Featured Article),Ditiragalo tsa Segopotso (Anniversaries),Mo Dikgang (In the News),le Did You Know (DYK). Ka '''la 10 Ferikgong 2005''', go ne ga tlhongwa '''porata ya dipuo tsotlhe''' mo atereseng ya '''www.wikipedia.org''', e e neng ya emisetsa go romela badirisi ka tlhamalalo kwa Wikipedia ya Seesimane. Ka la 5 Tlhakole 2005, Portal:Biology e ne ya tlhamiwa, mme ya nna porata ya ntlha ya setlhogo sengwe (thematic portal) mo Wikipedia ya Seesimane. Le fa go ntse jalo, kgopolo eno e ne e setse e simolotswe mo Wikipedia ya Sejeremane, kwa Portal:Recht (Dithuto tsa Molao) e neng ya tlhongwa ka Diphalane 2003. Ka la 16 Phukwi 2005, Wikipedia ya Seesimane e ne ya simolola mokgwa wa go tlhagisa setshwantsho se se tlhophilweng sa letsatsi mo Tsebeng e Kgolo. Ka la 19 Mopitlwe 2006, morago ga ditlhopho, Tsebe e Kgolo ya Wikipedia ya Seesimane e ne ya fetolwa sešwa la ntlha morago ga dingwaga di ka nna pedi. Ka la 13 Motsheganong 2010, wepsaete e ne ya golola sebopego se sesha (interface). Dikarolo tse disha di ne di akaretsa: * letshwao (logo) le le ntšhafaditsweng, * didirisiwa tse disha tsa go tsamaya mo wepsaeteng, * le sedirisiwa sa go thusa go tlhama dikgokagano (link wizard). === Diphetogo tsa thulaganyo ka 2023 === Vector 2022, e leng ntšhwafatso ya Vector 2010 ya letlalo la pele la Wikipedia, e ne ya itsisiwe ka Lwetse 2020, mme kwa tshimologong e ne e rulaganyeditswe go tlhagelela ka 2021, pele ga e ka dirisiwa ka Ferikgong 2023.[183] Ka Ferikgong 2023, Wikimedia e ne e dirile gore ntšhwafatso e nne teng mo dikgatisong tsa yone tsa puo di le 300; e ne e le tlwaelo ya diphetolelo tsa Searabia le Segerika.[184][163][185] Vector 2022 e na le segokanyimmediamentsi sa sebolokigolo sa modirisi se se tlhabolotsweng se se dirang diphetogo tse dintsi mo thulaganyong ya dielemente tsa segokaganyi. Gareng ga tsone, menyu wa go tlhopha puo, o pele o neng o le kafa molemeng wa sekerini, jaanong o fitlhelwa mo sekhutlong se se kwa godimo sa moja sa pontsho ya setlhogo se se balwang gone jaanong.[185] Mo godimo ga moo, bara e e kafa thoko e a phuthega ka fa morago ga konopo ya hamburger. Vector 2022 gape e oketsa dintlha tsa pontsho ya athikele, e e nang le phelelo ya go lekanyetsa bophara jwa athikele;[185] go na le toggle e e ka fokotsang dintlha le go atolosa bophara jwa mola wa athikele go tlatsa sekerini.[186][163] Bogolo jwa thulaganyetsoruri jwa sekwalwa ga bo ise bo okediwe, le fa Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia o boleletse Engadget gore o solofela go dira seno kgetho mo isagong.[184] Tiro ya patlo le yone e ne ya tlhabololwa mo Vector 2022, ka gonne dipholo tse di tshitshintsweng go araba dipotso tsa modirisi jaanong di akaretsa ditshwantsho le ditlhaloso tse dikhutshwane go tswa mo ditsebeng tse go buiwang ka tsone.[185][187] Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia o ne wa bolela gore phetogo eno e ne e tlhotlhelediwa ke keletso ya go dira gore lefelo leno le nne la segompieno le go tokafatsa maitemogelo a go tsamaya le go tseleganya mo babading ba ba senang maitemogelo a inthanete, ka gonne letlalo la pele le ne le tsewa le le "le le sa siamang le le le fekeetsang."[183][184][186] Diteko tse di dirilweng ke motheo di ne tsa oketsa dipholo tsa mokgatlho ono. dipatlisiso, le phokotsego ya diperesente di le 15 ya go phetlha.[184][186] Diphetolelo tsa ntlha tsa Vector 2022 di ne tsa simolola go dirisiwa la ntlha ka 2020 mo mafelong a Wikipedia a puo ya Sefora, Sehebera le Sepotokisi,[183] ​​jaaka fa dikarolo tse disha tsa letlalo di ne di phasaladiwa mo badirising gore di lekwe ka iketlo pele ga le gololwa ka botlalo.[188] Letlalo le ne la simolola go dirisiwa jaaka letlalo la thulaganyetsoruri la babadi ba mafelo a Wikimedia ka dipuo di le 300 (mo go tse 318) ka Ferikgong 18 2023.[184][163][185] Morago ga go phasaladiwa ka bontsi ga Vector 2022, go santse go kgonega go bala Wikipedia o dirisa letlalo le le fetileng. Le fa go ntse jalo, go dira jalo go tlhoka gore babadi ba ikwadisetse akhaonto ya Wikipedia, mme morago ba sete ditlhopho tsa bone go bontsha Vector 2010 boemong jwa seo.[185] Ga go na diphetogo tse di dirilweng mo matlalong a Wikipedia a a leng teng jaaka Monobook le Timeless, tse le tsone di sa ntseng di le teng go ka dirisiwa.[163][189] Badirisi ba Wikipedia ba ne ba kgaogane ka diphetogo tseno. Kopo ya tshwaelo mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane e e botsang baagi gore a Vector 2022 e tshwanetse go dirisiwa kgotsa nnyaa jaaka letlalo la thulaganyetsoruri le kokoantse mafoko a a fetang 90,000 mo dikarabong.[163] Batshwayadiphoso ba go tlhamiwa sešwa ba ne ba ganetsa thata sebaka se sesweu se se tlogetsweng se le lolea mo letlalong le lešwa, fa badirisi ba bangwe ba ne ba nyatsa batshwayadiphoso ba re ba na le kganetso ya phetogo.[163] Barulaganyi ba le 165 ba ba neng ba tsaya karolo mo motlotlong ba ne ba sa amogele letlalo le lešwa, fa ba le 153 ba ne ba rata, mme ba le robongwe ba ne ba nna ba sa tseye letlhakore.[190][163][191] Le fa go ne go na le palo e kgolo ya barulaganyi ba ba neng ba tlhagisa gore ga ba batle gore Vector 2022 e dirisiwe ka sebopego sa yone sa ga jaana, ka tumalano mo Wikipedia e sa tsewe tshwetso ka boutu, motlotlo o ne wa tswalelwa go rata go tlhamiwa sešwa, go akanyediwa ditshwaelo tse di siameng tse di tlogetsweng ke badirisi ba bangwe.[13] Batlhami ba Vector 2022 ba dirile diphetogo dingwe mo letlalong go tsibogela ditshwaelo, tse di jaaka go tsenya toggle go kgontsha diteng tsa athikele go tlatsa bophara jotlhe jwa sekerini.[163][192] Badirisi ba Wikipedia ya Seswahili ba ne ba sa dumalane ka bongwefela jwa pelo le go tsenngwa tirisong ga letlalo le lešwa.[163] Babegadikgang ba ba neng ba tsibogela go phasaladiwa ga Vector 2022 ba ne ba tsaya ntšhwafatso le dikarolo tse disha tse di tlhagisitsweng e le ditlaleletso tse di mosola, mme ka kakaretso ba ne ba tlhalosa letlalo jaaka ntšhwafatso e nnye e e neng ya se ka ya fetola maitemogelo a bone a go bala mo Wikipedia.[187][163][186] Annie Rauwerda, motlhami wa diakhaonto tsa media wa loago tsa Boteng jwa Wikipedia, o kwadile mo Slate gore Vector 2022 e ne e sa "farologane thata" le letlalo le le fetileng. Rauwerda o ne a lemoga gape go tshwana fa gare ga tsibogo ya baagi ba Wikipedia kgatlhanong le moakanyetso le dikganetso tsa nako e e fetileng tsa diphetogo tse di tshwanang tsa pono mo mafelong a a tlwaelegileng a a jaaka Reddit.[163] Rauwerda, le Mike Pearl wa Mashable, ba ne ba akgela ka gore badirisi ba ba sa itumeleleng phetogo eno ba ka nna ba sekaseka mo motlotlong o o buang ka letlalo, kgotsa ba dirisa ditiriso tsa go itebaganya tse di ageletsweng mo saeteng eno go fetola maitemogelo a bone a go bala.[190][163] === Go kokoanya madi === [[Setshwantsho:WMF Support and Revenue, Expenses and Net Assets at Year End.jpg|thumb|Tlhabololo ya matlole ya Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia (ka US$), 2003–2023]] Ngwaga le ngwaga, Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia o tsamaisa matsholo a go kokoanya madi mo Wikipedia go tshegetsa ditiro tsa one. Tseno ka kakaretso di tsaya mo e ka nnang kgwedi mme di diragala ka dinako tse di farologaneng tsa ngwaga mo dinageng tse di farologaneng. Mo godimo ga dibenara tsa go kokoanya madi mo Wikipedia ka boyone, go na gape le matsholo a imeile; diimeile dingwe di laletsa batho go tlogela madi a Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia mo diwiling tsa bone.[224][225] Lotseno lo tlhatlogile ngwaga le ngwaga wa go nna teng ga Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia, lwa fitlha go dimilione di le US$180.17 go tloga ka 30 Seetebosigo 2023, fa lo bapisiwa le ditshenyegelo tsa dimilione di le US$169.1.[226][227] Mo godimo ga moo, Wikimedia Endowment, e leng maiteko a a farologaneng a go kokoanya madi a a simolotsweng ka 2016, a ne a fitlha go dimilione di le $100 ka 2021, dingwaga di le tlhano ka bonako go feta ka fa go neng go rulagantswe ka gone.[228] Ditlamorago tsa kwa ntle Ka 2007, Wikipedia e ne ya tsewa e tshwanela go dirisiwa jaaka motswedi o mogolo ke Ofisi ya Thoto ya Tlhaloganyo ya UK mo katlholong ya kgetse ya letshwaokgwebo la Formula One.[229] Fa nako e ntse e ile, Wikipedia e ne ya amogelwa ke metswedi ya dikgang e e tlwaelegileng jaaka "motswedi o o botlhokwa" wa ditiragalo tse disha tse dikgolo, tse di jaaka thoromo ya lefatshe ya Lewatle la India ya 2004 le tsunami e e amanang le yone, ditlhopho tsa Boporesidente tsa Amerika tsa 2008,[230] le go thuntshiwa ga Virginia Tech ka 2007. Setlhogo sa bofelo se ne sa fitlhelelwa makgetlo a le 750,000 mo malatsing a mabedi, mme makwalodikgang a a gatisitsweng mo lefelong la gaeno go thuntshiwa a oketsa ka gore "Wikipedia e tlhageletse jaaka lefelo la go phepafatsa tshedimosetso e e feletseng ka tiragalo eno."[231] Ka di 21 Tlhakole 2007, Noam Cohen wa New York Times o ne a bega gore barutegi bangwe ba ne ba thibela tiriso ya Wikipedia jaaka sedirisiwa sa patlisiso.[232] Ka di 27 Tlhakole 2007, athikele mo lekwalodikgannyeng la The Harvard Crimson e ne ya bega gore baporofesara bangwe kwa Yunibesithing ya Harvard ba ne ba akaretsa Wikipedia mo dithulaganyong tsa bone tsa thuto, mme go ne ga nna le kgaogano mo tseleng e ba neng ba leba go dirisa Wikipedia ka yone.[233] Ka Phukwi 2013, patlisiso e kgolo e e dirilweng ke diyunibesiti di le nne tse dikgolo e ne ya supa diathikele tse di neng di ngangisanwa thata mo Wikipedia, mme ya fitlhela gore Iseraele, Adolf Hitler le Modimo di ne di ngangisanwa ka bogale go feta ditlhogo dipe tse dingwe.[234] === Ditlamorago tsa diathikele tsa bayokerafi === Hobane di-biography tsa Wikipedia hangata di ntjhafatswa ka tlhahisoleseding e ntjha e tla, hangata di sebediswa e le mohlodi wa referense ka maphelo a batho ba hlokomelehang. Seno se dirile gore go dirwe maiteko a go dirisa boferefere le go dira gore diathikele tsa Wikipedia di nne tsa maaka ka boikaelelo jwa go bapatsa kgotsa go senya leina (Dikganetsano) mme gape se dirile gore go dirisiwe dilo tse disha tsa tshedimosetso ya bayokerafi tse di neetsweng. Ka Ngwanatsele 2005, kganetsano ya ga Seigenthaler e ne ya nna teng fa motsietsi mongwe a ne a bolela mo Wikipedia gore mmegadikgang John Seigenthaler o ne a na le seabe mo polaong ya ga Kennedy ka 1963. Ka Sedimonthole 2006, rametlae wa Mojeremane e bong Atze Schröder o ne a sekisa Arne Klempert, mokwaledi wa Wikimedia Deutschland ka gonne a ne a sa batle gore leina la gagwe la mmatota le gatisiwe mo Wikipedia. Moragonyana Schröder o ne a gogela ngongorego ya gagwe morago mme o ne a batla gore ditshenyegelo tsa mmueledi wa gagwe di duelwe ke Klempert. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya swetsa ka gore motaki o tshwanetse go duelela ditshenyegelo tseo ka boene.[235] Ka la 16 Tlhakole 2007, raditiragalo wa Turkey Taner Akçam o ne a tshwarwa ka nakwana fa a goroga kwa Boemafofaneng jwa Boditšhabatšhaba jwa Montréal–Pierre Elliott Trudeau ka ntlha ya tshedimosetso ya maaka mo bayokerafing ya gagwe ya Wikipedia e e neng e bolela gore ke serukhutlhi.[236][237] Ka Ngwanatsele 2008, radipolotiki wa Lekoko la Left la Jeremane e bong Lutz Heilmann o ne a bolela gore mafoko mangwe a a neng a a bua mo setlhogong sa gagwe sa Wikipedia a ne a senya leina la gagwe. O ne a atlega go bona taelo ya kgotlatshekelo ya go dira gore Wikimedia Deutschland e tlose lefelo le le botlhokwa la go batla. Sephetho e ne e le ho tsholloa ha naha ha tshehetso ya Wikipedia, meneelo e mengata ho Wikimedia Deutschland, le ho nyoloha ha dipono tsa ditsebe tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tsa sehlooho sa Lutz Heilmann ho tloha ho mashome a mmalwa ho ya ho halofo ya milione. Ka bonako morago ga foo, Heilmann o ne a kopa kgotlatshekelo go gogela morago taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.[238] Ka Sedimonthole 2008, Wikimedia Nederland, kgaolo ya Dutch, e ne ya fenya taelo ya ntlha morago ga gore rakgwebo a golaganngwe mo athikeleng ya "gagwe" le sekebekwa Willem Holleeder mme a batla gore athikele eo e phimolwe. Moatlhodi kwa Utrecht o ne a dumela polelo ya Wikimedia ya gore ga e na tlhotlheletso mo diteng tsa Wikipedia ya Sedatšhe.[239] Ka Tlhakole 2009, fa radipolotiki wa Mojeremane e bong Karl Theodor Maria Nikolaus Johann Jacob Philipp Franz Joseph Sylvester Buhl-Freiherr von zu Guttenberg a ne a nna tona ya puso ya bofederale ka di 10 Tlhakole 2009, modirisi yo o sa kwadisiwang o ne a oketsa ka setlhogo sa bolesome le bongwe sa Sejeremane se se neilweng ka leina. Dikuranta di le dintsi di ne tsa e amogela. Fa batho ba Wikipedia ba ba kelotlhoko ba ne ba leka go tlosa Wilhelm, go tseleganya go ne ga busediwa morago go nopolwa makwalodikgang ao. Kgetse eno ka ga go ikanyega ga Wikipedia le babegadikgang ba ba kopololang go tswa mo Wikipedia e ne ya bidiwa Falscher Wilhelm ("Wilhelm yo o sa siamang").[240] == Metswedi == ae1acvi3wqyaya4a4vu4bo958r3bsre 0 14508 53497 52753 2026-07-28T16:14:23Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53497 wikitext text/x-wiki Letshego Holdings Limited ke kompone e e tshwarang madi e e nang le ntlokgolo kwa [[Gaborone]], [[Botswana]] mme e kwadilwe mo [[Botswana Stock Exchange]] (BSE).<ref>Keabetswe, Newel (21 April 2016). [https://web.archive.org/web/20170511012433/http://www.businessweekly.co.bw/letshego-leads-bse-liquidity-in-2016-q1/ "Letshego leads BSE liquidity in 2016 Q1"]. ''Botswana Business Weekly''. Gaborone. Retrieved 14 August 2016.</ref>Letshego ke lefoko la [[Setswana]] le le kayang  "Tshegetso ". <ref>LHL (26 July 2016)[https://web.archive.org/web/20170511122620/https://www.letshego.com/letshego-looks-back-last-18-years . "Letshego Looks Back at the Last 18 years".] Gaborone: Letshego Holdings Limited (LHL). Retrieved 14 August 2016.</ref> == Kakaretso == Letshego Holdings Limited ke mokgatlho wa matlole o o tsenyeletsang batho botlhe mo Aforika o o nang le boteng mo mafatsheng a le lesome le bongwe le ngwao e e tsereng dingwaga tse di fetang masome a mabedi le botlhano, e e bulang dikgoro tsa yone ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi kwa Gaborone, Botswana. Go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi , tlhotlhwa ya mmaraka wa Setlhopha e ne e feta USD 1 Bilione, ka go dira jalo e le setlamo se se kwadisitsweng sa selegae se segolo mo BSE BSE. <ref name=":0">Letshego Holdings Limited (June 2023). [https://www.letshego.com/sites/default/files/financial-results/LETSHEGO-HOLDINGS-LIMITED-INTEGRATED%20ANNUAL-REPORT-2022%20Final_0.pdf "Letshego Holdings Limited: 2023 Integrated Annual Report and Financial Statements"] (PDF). Gaborone: Letshego Holdings Limited. Retrieved 15 June 2023.</ref>Maikaelelo a Letshego ke go "tokafatsa matshelo" ka go oketsa phitlhelelo ya ditharabololo tse di bonolo le tse di tlhwatlhwa-tlase tsa madi, mme ga jaana e tshegetsa badirisi ba ba fetang dimilione di le 6,6 go ralala Afrika. Letshego e na le badiri ba ba fetang dikete tse tharo, go akaretsa le baemedi ba thekiso e e tlhamaletseng. Ka jalo, go ya ka Molao wa Tsamaiso ya Ditshwanelo tsa Setšhaba, go ne go tshwanetse ga tlhomiwa molao o o neng o tla laola gore go dirisiwe madi a a kana kang go duelela ditshenyegelo tsa ditirelo. E ne e na le madi a a kana ka USD1,352 billion, mme madi a a neng a le mo seatleng sa beng ba di-shareholder a ne a le boleng jwa BWP5,658 billion (approx. USD:452.65 million).<ref name=":0" /> == Ditso == Letshego Holdings Limited e ne ya tlhomiwa ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e tlhola gane,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabobed jaaka Micro Provident Botswana Limited e leng setheo sa madi a mannye se tiro ya sona e neng e le go tlamela ka dikadimo tse di sa sirelediwang go bareki, ba ba neng ba na le tiro ya nako e e tletseng. <ref name=":1">LHL (26 July 2016). [https://web.archive.org/web/20170511122620/https://www.letshego.com/letshego-looks-back-last-18-years "Letshego Looks Back at the Last 18 years".] Gaborone: Letshego Holdings Limited (LHL). Retrieved 14 August 2016.</ref> Kompone e ne ya tsenngwa mo BSE ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bobedi ka IPO e e atlegileng. Madi a go tswa mo IPO e a dirisitswe go atolosa setlhopha mo kgaolong.<ref name=":1" /> Magareng ga ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano le dikete tse pedi le bosupa , setlhopha se ne sa atologa go ya kwa [[Uganda]], [[Eswatini|Eswatini,]] [[Tanzania]] le [[Zambia]]. Tsotlhe tseno di ne di dirwa ka go dira dipeeletso mo mafastheng ano. Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi, setlhopha se ne sa dira phitlhelelo ya sone ya ntlha ya boditšhabatšhaba fa se ne se reka karolo e ntsi ya Eduloan, MFI kwa [[Namibia]]. Mo go one ngwaga oo, kompone ne ya tsaya letshwao la Letshego jaaka leina la yone la semmuso. Kgato ya katoloso e tsweletse go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe ka go tlhomiwa ga setheo sa kwa [[Mozambique]]. <ref name=":1" /> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bongwe , setlhopha se simolotse ditiro tsa sona kwa Lesotho. Mo go one ngwaga oo, setlhopha se ne sa itsise maikaelelo a sone a go reka karolo ya 62.52% mo Micro Africa Limited, MFI ya kwa Kenya e e nang le ditheo tsa kwa Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda le South Sudan. Thekiso eno e ne ya dira gore setlhopha se kgone go tsena mo dmafatsheng a matharo tse disha le go oketsa palo ya bareki ba sone ba kwa Uganda ka ntlha ya go nna teng ga sone koo. Go rekwa gono go ne ga wediwa ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e rongwa ,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bobedi. Seno se ne sa dira gore setlhopha seno se nne teng mo mafatsheng a le lesome le bongwe . Letshego Holdings e ne ya tsaya taolo e e feletseng ya Micro Africa Limited ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le boraro .<ref name=":1" /> Go ya ka lekwalo la semolao la Lekgotla la Ditlamo tsa Ditlamo tsa Ditlamo tsa Ditlamo tsa Ditlamo tsa Ditlamo tsa Ditlamo tsa Ditlamo tsa Ditlamo tsa Ditlamo tsa Ditlamo tsa Ditlamo tsa Ditlamo. Ka go tswa kwa Zambia, setlhopha se ne sa tswelela go nna teng kwa mafatsheng a le lesome.<ref name=":1" />Ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borataro, Letshego Holdings Limited e phethetse theko ya 100% ya kabelo ho FBN Microfinance Bank of Nigeria. <ref>Nahimah Ajikanle Nurudeen (29 January 2016). "Nigeria: Letshego Acquires FBN Microfinance Bank". ''Nigeria Daily Trust via AllAfrica.com''. Abuja. Retrieved 14 August 2016.</ref> == Boikarabelo == Dikabelo tsa Letshego Holdings Limited di rekisiwa kwa Botswana Stock Exchange, ka fa tlase ga letshwao: LETSHEGO. Go tloga ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe , go nna le seabe mo setokong sa setlhopha e ne e le jaaka go bontshitswe mo tafoleng e e fa tlase: == Metswedi == 9kzollvysjxnoxe4mwujoawjjmdmtsp 0 14520 53521 52778 2026-07-29T02:33:35Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53521 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rose Seretse''' ke CEO wa [[Botswana Energy Regulatory Authory|Botswana Energy Regulatory Authority]]. O kile a nna Director General wa Botswana Directorate on Corruption and Economic Crime go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bosupa . O ne a emela Botswana kwa mafatsheng a sele ka maiteko a go lwantsha borukuthi. == Thuto == Rose Seretse o na le dikerii ya Masters in Public Administration go tswa kwa Yunibesithing ya [[Botswana]]. <ref name=":0">Gasennelwe, Utlwanang (6 September 2017). [https://www.weekendpost.co.bw/20627/news/dcec-reshuffle-pushes-out-rose-seretse/ "DCEC reshuffle pushes out Rose Seretse".] ''Weekend Post''. Retrieved 29 March 2021.</ref>O na gape le dikerii ya Bachelor of Construction Engineering and Management <ref name=":0" /> go tswa kwa [[Ferris State University]] kwa [[United States of America|United States]]. == Tiro ya botshelo jotlhe == O simolotse tiro ya gagwe jaaka Senior Technical Officer kwa Kgalagadi District Council le kwa Lobatse Town Council. O ne a tsenela Directorate on Corruption and Economic Crime ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bosupa,<ref name=":0" /> kwa a simolotseng go dira thata mo thibelong ya bobodu mo indasetering ya dikago. Moragonyana o ne a fudugela kwa lefapheng la thuto ya setšhaba mo Lefapheng la Botsamaisi. Tiro ya gagwe e ne e le go ruta batho ka bosula jwa tlolomolao le go dira gore ba mo eme nokeng. O ne a tswa mo lephateng la thuto mme a ya kwa lephateng la Human Resource and Administration koo a neng a ikarabelela mo lephateng la tsamaiso ya Lefapha. O ne gape a sutisediwa kwa lephateng la go tokafatsa tiragatso, kgotsa Performance Management System (PMS), koo a neng a rulaganya ditiro tsa go tokafatsa tiragatso tsa Directorate on Corruption. O ne a tlhophiwa go nna motlatsa-motsamaisi ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bosupa mme a nna Mokaedi Kakaretso ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe.<ref name=":0" /> Seretse ke ntsalae ka lenyalo le Ramadeluka Seretse, ntsalae wa moporesidente wa maloba [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]].<ref>Staff Reporter (2 November 2012). [https://mg.co.za/article/2012-11-02-00-khama-inc-all-the-presidents-family-friends-and-close-colleagues/ "Khama Inc: All the president's family, friends and close colleagues"]. ''Mail & Guardian''. Retrieved 29 March 2021.</ref> <ref>[https://venturesafrica.com/what-is-the-cost-of-nepotism-across-africa/ "What is the cost of nepotism across Africa?".] ''Venture Africa''. 6 July 2020. Retrieved 29 March 2021.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bouspa, Seretse o ne a tlosiwa mo maemong a gagwe jaaka Mokaedi Kakaretso kwa DCEC mme a fetisediwa kwa Bothating jwa Taolo ya Maatla a Botswana (BERA). Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi, o ne a fiwa sekgele ke Rt. Moratwe. Patricia Scotland QC, Mokwaledi Kakaretso wa Commonwealth, mo boemong jwa Bokwaledi jwa Commonwealth, ka ntlha ya tiro ya gagwe ya Commonwealth Africa Anti-Corruption Centre.<ref>Staff Reporter (12 June 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20211016232207/https://www.gpweekly.com/news/commonwealth-scretariat-confers-a-prestigious-award-to-bera-ceo "Commonwealth Scretariat confers a prestigious award to BERA CEO"]. ''Global Post''. Retrieved 29 March 2021.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe, BERA e ne ya batlisisetswa ditiro tsa yona tsa madi, mme go tlhomiwa ga Sereste le gone go ne ga batlisisiwa.<ref>Tsimane, Edgar (29 July 2019). [https://www.sundaystandard.info/the-bloom-is-off-the-rose-as-bera-unravels/ "The bloom is off the Rose as BERA unravels".] ''The Sunday Standard''. Retrieved 29 March 2021.</ref> == Dietsele == {{Infobox officeholder|name=Rose Seretse|birth_place=Botswana|education=Bachelor of Construction Engineering and Management; Master of Public Administration|occupation=Public administrator|awards=Africa’s Most Influential Woman (CEO Global, 2017); Commonwealth Secretariat Recognition (2018); Presidential Honour Award (2018)|alma_mater=Ferris State University; University of Botswana|known_for=Anti-corruption initiatives and public sector leadership}} * Outstanding student Award – Ferris State University * Sigma Lambda Chi * Long service Good Conduct * Certificate of Appreciation by the International Law Enforcement Academy * Africa’ Most Influential Woman – CEO Global 2017 * Commonwealth Secretariat Recognition 2018 * Presidential Honour award on 29 September 2018 == Kemedi ko mafatsheng a sele == * Accountability in Government and Business – Washington, D.C. * Fighting Corruption is a Journey – Oslo Norway * Corruption Prevention in the Workplace – Shanghai China * Effective Tools for fighting Corruption – Sweden * High Level Anti-Corruption Conference – Tanzania * Various Panel discussions internationally<ref name="Successful societies" /><ref name="PAW Africa" /> jqzwsvbf4rr7fjodx1ubobwe7pl3t1n 0 14565 53526 52956 2026-07-29T05:31:01Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53526 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tati Goldfields''' ke lefelo le le humileng ditswammung mo [[Botswana]] le [[Zimbabwe]] kwa borwa jwa [[Aferika|Aforika]]. Lefelo le le dikhilomithara di le lekgolo le masome a mararo ka boleele le dikhilomithara di le tlhano ka bophara, le kgabaganya [[noka ya Tati]]. Ke lone lefelo le le kwa borwa thata la mafelo a a nang le gouta kwa Archaen greenstone kwa [[Zimbabwe]]. Go akanyediwa fa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi le masome a marataro le borataro go tsena ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le borataro bokete jwa gouta e le dikete di le makgolo a mabedi e ne e epiwa kwa meepong e e kwa Tati Goldfields.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20260722133159/https://www.buenosaireshotels.net/es/mining-atlas.html "Mupane: A Gold Mine in Botswana: Mupane Information".] ''Mining Atlas''. Bateleur Limited. Archived from the original on 30 July 2018.</ref> == Ditso == Lefelo le le mo lotshitshing lwa noka ya Tati le ne le epilwe khuti ya moepo ke [[Bakalaka]] pele ga ma Yuropa ba goroga.<ref>See Wallis, J. P. R. (1946). ''The Northern Goldfields Diaries of Thomas Baines''. London: Chatto & Windus.</ref> E ka tswa e ne e le yone motswedi wa khumo wa bogosi jwa [[Great Zimbabwe]].<ref>Huffman, Thomas N. (1974). [https://journals.co.za/content/saimm/74/6/AJA0038223X_355 "Ancient mining and Zimbabwe".] ''Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy''. '''74''' (6): 238–242.</ref><ref>Huffman, Thomas N.; Vogel, John C. (1991)[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271812286 . "The chronology of Great Zimbabwe".] ''The South African Archaeological Bulletin''. '''46''' (154): 61–70. doi:[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3889086?origin=crossref 10.2307/3889086]. JSTOR&nbsp;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3889086 3889086.]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi, masome a marataro le borataro, Karl Mauch o ne a upolola Tati Goldfiled, se se dira lefelo le lantlha go upololwa ke ma Yuropa kwa borwa jwa [[Aferika|Aforika]].<ref>Harger, Harold S. (1934). [https://journals.co.za/content/sajg/38/1/AJA10120750_1669 "Early Transvaal Geological Map by Carl Mauch".] ''Transactions of the Geological Society of South Africa''. '''37''': 1–4.</ref> Se se ne sa baka go kgatlhegela gouta ga batho ba le bantsi ga ntlha kwa [[Aforika Borwa|Aforika Borwa.]]<ref>Eriksson, Patrick G.; Altermann, W.; Förtsch, E. B. (1995). "Transvaal Sequence and Bushveld Complex". ''Mineralium Deposita''. '''30''' (2): 85–88. doi:[https://idp.springer.com/authorize?response_type=cookie&client_id=springerlink&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2Farticle%2F10.1007%2FBF00189337 10.1007/BF00189337.]</ref> == Popego == Gouta e fitlhelwa mo ditshikeng tsa quartz, e tsena mo matlapeng a lekgwamolelo la lefelo la Tati greenstone. Ditswammung tse dingwe tsa itsholelo di akaretsa nickel le kopore.<ref name=":0">Maier, W. D.; et&nbsp;al. (2007). [https://web.archive.org/web/20080419050259/http://sil.usask.ca/Publications_files/Maier_et_al_2007_Botswana.pdf "The composition of magmatic Ni–Cu–(PGE) sulfide deposits in the Tati and Selebi-Phikwe belts of eastern Botswana"] (PDF). ''Mineralium Deposita''. '''43''' (1): 37–60. doi:10.1007/s00126-007-0143-5. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 February 2008.</ref> Lefelo le legolo ke la Selkirk Formation le le bokima jwa dimithara di le sekete. Selkirk e na thata le dacite le Rhyolite, le a mangwe a mantsho, le quartzites tse dinnye ga mmogo le schists.<ref name=":0" /> == Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe == * [[Francistown]] * [[Madirelo a meepo ya Botswana|Madirelo a meepo mo Botswana]] * [[Lefatshe la Tati le le neetsweng mohama o o ikemetseng]] == Metswedi == 0n6ceekeptfpsqtds7xutka2a61l2bz 0 14593 53502 53050 2026-07-28T17:13:39Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53502 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Botswana Fibre Networks (BOFINET)''' ke motlamedi yo mogolo wa mafaratlhatlha a tlhaeletsano ya bosetšhaba le boditšhabatšhaba mo Botswana e e tlhomilweng ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bobedi (2012) go tsepamisa mogopolo le go tokafatsa marangrang a mokwatla le mafaratlhatlha a inthanete a Botswana. <ref>[https://www.devex.com/organizations/botswana-fibre-networks-ltd-bofinet-54070 "Botswana Fibre Networks Ltd. (BoFiNet) | Devex"]. ''www.devex.com''. Retrieved 7 March 2021</ref><ref>LESEMELA, KEIKANTSE. [http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?aid=47625&dir=2014/november/25 "Mmegi Online :: BTC IPO faces another deferral".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 7 March 2021.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210228164751/https://www.biztechafrica.com/article/state-nation-khama-explains-e-government-initiativ/7195/ "Khama explains E-Government initiatives".] ''BiztechAfrica''. Archived from the original on 28 February 2021. Retrieved 7 March 2021</ref> == Ditso == Botswana Fibre Networks e ne ya tlhamiwa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bobedi (2012) fa puso ya Botswana e ne e phimola molao wa Botswana Telecommunications Corporation Act go bula mmaraka go kgaisano le fa ba ne ba baakanyetsa BTC go ntshiwa mo peeletsong ya setšhaba ya ntlha le go roba monopoly ya yona. Ka ntlha ya seo, puso e ne ya tlhoma Botswana Fibre Networks (BoFiNet) go laola le go tsamaisa marangrang a phetiso a sekgala se seleele le go nna motlamedi wa [[BTC]], [[Mascom|Mascom,]] Verbosec, [[Orange]] Botswana le batlamedi ba bangwe ba ditirelo tsa inthanete. Dingwe tsa dithoto tsa BTC di ne tsa fetisetswa kwa BoFiNet go e kgontsha go diragatsa taolelo ya yona. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200720011156/http://www.btc.bw/about "BTC About"]. ''Botswana Telecommunications Corporation''</ref><ref>[https://www.gov.bw/parastatals "Parastatals".] ''Government of Botswana''.</ref>BTC e tsetelang mo [[EASSy]] le West Africa Cable System e ne ya fetisetswa kwa Botswana Fibre Networks jaaka karolo ya phetogo. == Metswedi == t8kttdawlurbvdnld70lc0qx5fyiw6w 0 14652 53533 53319 2026-07-29T06:13:17Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53533 wikitext text/x-wiki Thomo ya ga tautona ya go sekaseka dikarolo tsa masome a supa le bosupa, masome a supa le borobabobedi le masome a supa le borobabongwe tsa [[molaomotheo wa Botswana]], e e itsegeng gape ka leina la '''thomo ya ga Balopi''' e reeletswe ka modulasetilo wa thomo [[Patrick Balopi]], ke thomo ya [[Botswana]] ya go dira tshekatsheko e e tlhomilweng ka Phukwi a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi go tsibogela tlhoko tekatekano ya merafe gareng ga [[Merafe ya Botswana|merafe ya Batswana]] e e mentsi le merafe e mebotlana jaaka wa [[Wayeyi]]. == Tse di diragetseng pele == {{Quote|quote=Sir Seretse Khama o ne a le kgatlhanong le kgethololo ebile a ka se letle kgethololo epe mo molaomotheong. O ne a sa rate bogosi ka o ne a re bo a tlhaola. Go ya ka ene, go bua ka batho o re ba merafe e metona kgotsa ba merafe e mebotlana e ne e ka nna matlhapa.|by=[[Quett Masire]] tautona wa bobedi wa Botswana|cite=http://dspace.ucalgary.ca/bitstream/1880/48426/5/UofCPress_AfricanChieftaincy_2011.pdf}} Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le botlhano, [[Lydia Nyati-Ramahobo]], motlhatlhelela dithuto kwa [[Mmadikolo wa Botswana|Mmadikolo wa Botswana,]] o ne a tlhama lekgotla la Kamanakao, le maikaelelo a lone e neng e le go tlhabolola le go tshegetsa puo ya Shiyeyi le ngwao.<ref>[http://kamanakao.tripod.com/thekamanakaoassociation/id4.html "Our Objectives".] The Kamanakao Association. Retrieved 27 July 2026</ref> Wayeyi ke setlhopha se sebotlana sa batho bantsho ka fa tlase ga [[Batawana]].<ref name=":0">Gulbrandsen, Ørnulf (2012). ''The State and the Social: State Formation in Botswana and Its Pre-Colonial and Colonial Genealogies''. Berghahn Books. p.&nbsp;340. ISBN&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780857452986|<bdi>9780857452986</bdi>.]]</ref> Ka ntlha ya maikutlo a kgatelelo ka fa tlase ga Batawana, morafe wa Wayeyi, ka thuso ya lekgotla la Kamanakao, ba ne ba tlhoma kgosikgolo wa bone Shikati Calvin Kamanakao, ka Moranang a le masome mabedi le bone ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe, mo go neng go le kgatlhanong le molao wa bogosi, le karolo ya masome a supa le bosupa go tsena e le masome a supa le borobabongwe ya [[molaomotheo wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" /> Mothusa moatlhodimogolo Ian Kirby o ne a fetola Wayeyi ka lokwalo ka Phukwi a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa sekete makgoll a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe, a kwala gore ka Wayeyi e le morafe o o sa lemogiweng, ga ba ka ke ba nna le kgosi ya bone.<ref>[https://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrc/docs/RETENG_MCB.pdf "Alternative Report Submitted to the Human Rights Committee on the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights"] (PDF). Reteng: The Multicultural Coalition of Botswana. May 2007. Retrieved 27 July 2026.</ref> Ka ntlha ya kgotlhang ya Wayeyi le tshutiso ya palamente ya ga [[Olifant Mfa]] ka Tlhakole a le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe le botlhano go kwalolola dikarolo tsa masome a supa le bosupa go tsena masome a supa le borobabongwe tsa molaomotheo gore di akaretse merafe yotlhe, tautona [[Festus Mogae]] o ne a tlhopha batho ba le masome a mabedi le motso mo thomong ya ga tautona ya tshekatsheko ya dikarolo tsa masome a supa le bosupa, masome a supa le borobabobedi le masome a supa le borobabongwe tsa molaomotheo wa Botswana, e e neng gape e bidiwa thomo ya ga Balopi, e reeletswe ka Patrick Balopi modulasetolo wa thomo eo. Thomo e o e ne e ya go diragatsa dilo di le tharo: go kanoka dikgaolo tsa masome a supa le bosupa, masome a supa le borobabobedi le masome a supa le borobabongwe tsa molaomotheo wa Botswana le go batla tsela e e tlaa ntshang go bona dikgaolo tseo di kgetholola; (b) go kanoka le go tswa ka mokgwa o o siameng wa go tlhopha maloko a [[Ntlo ya Dikgosi tsa Botswana|ntlo ya dikgosi]]; le (c) go tswa ka dikakanyo le mekgwa ya go atolosa go diragatsa ka botswapelo ga Ntlo ya Dikgosi.<ref>Ray, Donald I.; Quinlan, Tim; Sharma, Keshav; Clarke, Tacita A.O., eds. (2011). [https://web.archive.org/web/20150209130830/http://dspace.ucalgary.ca/bitstream/1880/48426/5/UofCPress_AfricanChieftaincy_2011.pdf "The Role of the House of Chiefs (''Ntlo ya Dikgosi'') in Botswana"]. ''Reinventing African Chieftaincy in the Age of AIDS, Gender, Governance, and Development'' (PDF). Africa, Missing Voices. Vol.&nbsp;8. Calgary: University of Calgary Press. hdl:1880/48426. ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>978-1-55238-537-1</bdi>. ISSN&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:1703-1826 1703-1826]. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 February 2015. Retrieved 27 July 2026</ref> == Mekgwa == Go tsaya maikutlo a setshaba, maloko a thomo a ne a etela metse le ditoropo di le masome a mane le bongwe, ya tshwara dikopano di le masome a mane le boraro,  ba reetsa dikopano tsa setshaba di le masome a mararo le borobabobedi, ba amogela dikwalo tsa  ditlhopha di le lesome le tsa batho ba le masome a mane. Dikopano di ne di tshwaretswe kwa dikgotleng tsa merafe.<ref>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780857452986|Gulbrandsen 2012]], p.&nbsp;216.</ref> == Dikgakololo == Thomo e ne ya dira dikgakololo tse di latelang mo pegong ya ntlha ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi le motso: * Le fa dikarolo tsa masome a supa le bosupa go tsena tsa masome a supa le borobabongwe di sokamela mo lotlhakoreng longwe, tsone le go kaiwa ga morafe ope fela di tshwanetse go ntshiwa mo molaomotheong ka ntlha ya ka fa beng gae ba di bonang di tlhaola ka teng. * Lefoko "chief" mo molaomotheong, masalela  a bogosi jwa Britain, le tshwanetse go beelelwa ka la Kgosi. * House of Chiefs ya Botswana e tshwanetse go tswelela ka go nna teng  ka e emetse tshwaragano ya lefatshe, e tshwanetse go fetolwa leina go nna Ntlo ya Dikgosi, mo puso e neng ya go dira ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabobedi ka molao wa Bogosi. * Maloko a House of Chiefs ga a tshwanela go letlelelwa go nna maloko a diphathi dipe tsa sepolotiki * Maloko a tshwanetse go tlhophiwa go ya ka mafelo a bone a bogosi, e le tsela ya go tlhama kemedi ya tikologo eseng mofuta o mogologolo wa go tlhopha merafe e e tshwanetseng go nna le maloko mo ntlong. == Ditsibogo == Tautona o ne a galalediwa maiteko a gagwe ke morafe o mmotlana se [[Batswapong]] kwa botlhaba jwa Botswana mme o ne a kgalwa thata ke [[Bangwato|Bamangwato]] ka ba ne ba dumela gore a tlaa baya kgodikgolo wa bone (le mothusa tautona wa nako e o wa Botswana) Ian Khama mo selekanyong se le sengwe le magosi a merafe e mebotlana.<ref>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780857452986|Gulbrandsen 2012]], p.&nbsp;217.</ref> [[Molao wa Bogosi (Botswana)|Molao wa bogosi]] o ne wa fetisiwa ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabobedi, o emelela molao wa pele. Molao o o ne o ntsha tiriso ya lefoko chief o le fetolela kwa go Kgosi. === Phetolo === Phetolo ya dikgakololo e dirilwe ka Moranang ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bobedi ka setlhogo sa pego ya bobedi ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bobedi e e tlhophileng go tlogela tlhopho ya magosi e ntse e tshwana: dikgosi tse di robangbobedi tsa merafe e metona di tlaa nna mo maemong a tsone, tshutiso e House of Chiefs ka bo yone e e tlhomamisitseng.<ref>Ray, Donald I.; Quinlan, Tim; Sharma, Keshav; Clarke, Tacita A.O., eds. (2011). [https://web.archive.org/web/20150209130830/http://dspace.ucalgary.ca/bitstream/1880/48426/5/UofCPress_AfricanChieftaincy_2011.pdf "The Role of the House of Chiefs (''Ntlo ya Dikgosi'') in Botswana]". ''Reinventing African Chieftaincy in the Age of AIDS, Gender, Governance, and Development'' (PDF). Africa, Missing Voices. Vol.&nbsp;8. Calgary: [[:en:University_of_Calgary_Press|University of Calgary]] Press. hdl:1880/48426. ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>978-1-55238-537-1</bdi>. ISSN&nbsp;1703-1826. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 February 2015. Retrieved 27 July 2026</ref> Tautona Mogae o ne a tsaya maeto a mangwe go dikologa lefatshe ka Motsheganong ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bobedi go tshwara dingangisano ka diphetogo tsa mo isagong tsa molaomotheo, mme bontsi jwa beng gae ba ne ba ntse ba sa kgotsofala. Tona wa botsogo [[Joy Phumaphi]] o ne a re phetolo ke maiteko ga e ntshe kgethololo. Matona a mangwe a ne a dumela gore ga ba na nako e e lekaneng go ntsha mafatlha a bone ka tsamaiso ya phetolo.<ref>Ray, Donald I.; Quinlan, Tim; Sharma, Keshav; Clarke, Tacita A.O., eds. (2011). [https://web.archive.org/web/20150209130830/http://dspace.ucalgary.ca/bitstream/1880/48426/5/UofCPress_AfricanChieftaincy_2011.pdf "The Role of the House of Chiefs (''Ntlo ya Dikgosi'') in Botswana".] ''Reinventing African Chieftaincy in the Age of AIDS, Gender, Governance, and Development'' (PDF). Africa, Missing Voices. Vol.&nbsp;8. Calgary: University of Calgary Press. hdl:1880/48426. ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>978-1-55238-537-1</bdi>. ISSN&nbsp;1703-1826. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 February 2015. Retrieved 27 July 2026</ref> Tshekatsheko ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa ya Mmadikolo wa Botswana e ne ya lemoga fa palo e e bonalang ya bafetodi e supa fa molaomotheo o tshwanetse go fetolwa gore o lemoge merafe yotlhe e e mo Botswana ka tekatekano.<ref>Nyati-Ramahobo, Lydia (7 January 2009). [https://www.minorityrights.org/download.php?id=622 ''Minority Tribes in Botswana: the Politics of Recognition''.] London: Minority Rights Group International. p.&nbsp;16. ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-904584-83-4|978-1-904584-83-4]]</bdi>. Retrieved 27 July 2026</ref> == Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe == * [[Molao wa Bogosi (Botswana)|Molao wa Bogosi]] * [[Ntlo ya Dikgosi tsa Botswana|Ntlo ya Dikgosi]] * [[Kgosi]] == Metswedi == gtxg13brqw0wlpk1lddiuzto26x5viw 0 14664 53470 53242 2026-07-28T12:21:00Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53470 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Hon Dr Mzwinila.png|thumb|Motlotlegi '''Kefentse C. Mzwinila''']] Kefentse C. Mzwinila (o belegwe ka Ferikgong 6, 1975), ke modiredi wa setšhaba le moithutatlhaloganyo<ref name=":0">[https://news.nwu.ac.za/botswana-minister-obtains-his-phd-nwu-business-school "Botswana minister obtains his PhD from the NWU Business School | news.nwu.ac.za".] ''news.nwu.ac.za''. Retrieved 2024-03-27.</ref> go tswa [[Botswana|Botswana.]] O itsege thata ka go nna maitsanape wa malwetse a tlhaloganyo wa ntlha go kwadisiwa mo Botswana mme o kile a dira jaaka [[Tona ya Merero ya Mafatshe le Metsi.]]<ref name=":1">Ramaphane, Realabilwe. [https://www.weekendpost.co.bw/33869/news/mzwinila-pumps-p4-5-billion-into-water-projects/ "Mzwinila pumps P4.5 billion into water projects".] ''Weekend Post''. Retrieved 27 March 2024.</ref> O ne a tlhophiwa mo maemong ao ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi ke Tautona wa Botswana, [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]].<ref name=":2">[https://web.archive.org/web/20260219075252/https://yourbotswana.com/2019/11/10/president-masisi-appoints-cabinet-ministers/ "President Masisi appoints cabinet ministers – YourBotswana".] 2020-06-25. Retrieved 2024-03-28.</ref> Mo Lephateng le, o okamela tsamaiso ya lefatshe, tsamaiso ya metswedi ya metsi, le ditirelo tsa boitekanelo mo Botswana. <ref name=":3">Lute, Aubrey (19 March 2024). [https://www.weekendpost.co.bw/39724/news/minister-mzwinila-rolled-sleeves-and-delivered-99/ "Minister Mzwinila rolled sleeves and delivered 99%"]. Retrieved 30 March 2024.</ref> O ne a dira jaaka motlhankedi mo lephateng la sesole sa Botswana pele a dira mo lephateng le le ikemetseng ka nosi la malwetsi a tlhaloganyo.<ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":1" /> <ref name=":4">Sunday Standard (2016). [https://www.sundaystandard.info/this-is-the-most-overeducated-member-of-parliament/ "This is the most overeducated Member of Parliament".] ''Sunday Standard''.</ref><ref name=":5">Saunders, Sharon (2015-08-03). [https://magazine.lafayette.edu/summer2015/2015/08/03/mzwinila-97-elected-to-national-assembly-in-botswana/ "Mzwinila '97 Elected to National Assembly in Botswana".] ''Lafayette Magazine Summer 2015''. Retrieved 2024-04-02.</ref>O na le dithutego tsa Ph.D. tsa Economics le Management Sciences ka go tsepamisa maikutlo mo go Tsamaiso ya Kgwebo (2022) go tswa kwa Sekolong sa Kgwebo se segolwane sa kwa Bokone-Bophirima <ref name=":0" />kwa [[Aforika Borwa|Afrika Borwa]]. == Se se diragetseng == === Botshelo jwa gagwe jwa pele === Kefentse Mzwinila o tshotswe ka kgwei ya Hirikgong e tlhola borataro ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le botlhano , kwa Botswana. O ne a fetsa malatsi a gagwe a ntlha a sekolo kwa United States koo batsadi ba gagwe ba neng ba ithuta teng. Fa a le dingwaga di le thataro, o ne a isiwa kwa sekolong se se kgethegileng se se neng se tsaya baithuti ba ba nang le bokgoni. Fa a boela kwa Botswana, o ne a tsweletsa dithuto tsa gagwe kwa sekolong se sebotala sa Broadhurst mme moragonyana a ya [[Maru a Pula School|Maruapula]]. <ref name=":6">https://allafrica.com/stories/200502281330.html</ref>O ne a le matlhagatlhaga mo metshamekong ka nako ya fa a ne a le kwa sekolong se segolwane mme a simolola go kgatlhegela dipolotiki fa a ntse a ithuta kwa Waterford Kamhlaba College kwa [[Swaziland]] ka dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe. O ne a nna Tautona wa Lekgotla la Baemedi ba Baithuti (SRC) ka nako ya fa a sa ntse a tsena sekolo. O ne gape a nna Tautona wa Mokgatlho wa Baithuti ba Aforika ka paka tse tharo tse di latelanang fa a ne a ithuta kwa Kholetšheng ya Lafayette kwa United States. Ka nako ya fa a ne a le kwa Lafayette College, gape o ne a le karolo ya katiso ya sesole le ditiro tsa maano. Maitemogelo a gagwe le diphitlhelelo tsa gagwe mo dingwageng tsa gagwe tsa bongwana di bopile bokamoso jwa gagwe mme tsa thusa mo katlegong ya gagwe mo tirong ya gagwe. <ref name=":6" /><ref>Kaelo, Goitsemodimo (2024-04-01). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/mzwinila-fights-land-allocation-woes-for-churches/news "Mzwinila fights land allocation woes for churches".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 2024-06-09.</ref> == Tiro == === Boitsaanape jwa Tlhaloganyo === Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe , Mzwinila o ne a tlhoma Psychologists Botswana (Pty) Ltd<ref>[https://www.localbotswana.com/company/11785/PSYCHOLOGISTS_BOTSWANA "PSYCHOLOGISTS BOTSWANA".] ''Botswana Business Directory''. 7 January 2021. Retrieved 2024-03-27.</ref>e e neng e le mo lefelong le le siameng go ralala Botswana kwa [[Gaborone]], [[Francistown]], [[Maun]] le [[Serowe]]. Kwa Psychologists Botswana o ne a dira ditiro tse di latelang: Lead Consultant, Clinical Psychologist, Organizational Psychologist le Consultant Economist.<ref name=":4" /> Mzwinila o na le maitemogelo a mantsi mo go tsa thutotlhaloganyo ya kwa dikokelwaneng e a ntseng a e dira ka dingwaga di le dintsi. O ne a bereka le batho ba ba farologaneng, go akaretsa batho ka bongwe, banyalani le malapa, a ba thusa go lepalepana le mathata a botsogo jwa tlhaloganyo a a jaaka go tlhobaela, go tshwenyega thata mo maikutlong, go utlwa botlhoko mo maikutlong le go nna le mathata mo dikamanong tsa bone. E re ka Mzwinila e le moithutatlhaloganyo, o na le maitemogelo mo go tlhatlhobeng, go tlhatlhoba le go alafa malwetse a tlhaloganyo. O na le bokgoni mo dithulaganyong tse di farologaneng tsa kalafi, go akaretsa le kalafi ya go lemoga se motho a se dirang le tsela e a itshwarang ka yone (CBT [cognitive-behavioral therapy]), kalafi ya tlhaloganyo le kalafi ya lelapa. O amogetse katiso gape mo tharabololong ya tlhaloganyo ya maitsholo e e ikaegileng ka kgobalo mme o na le maitemogelo a go dira le batho ba ba falotseng kgobalo. <ref name=":4" /> Mzwinila o ne a dira mo mafelong a a farologaneng, go akaretsa kwa dikokelong tsa poraefete, dikokelo le ditleliniki. Gape o ile a thusa mo dikolong le mo mekgatlhong e e thusang batho ba ba tlhokang thuso. Mo godimo ga tiro ya gagwe ya kwa tliliniking, Mzwinila o ntse gape a dira dipatlisiso mme o gatisitse ditlhogo tse di buang ka botsogo jwa tlhaloganyo. O tlhagisitse patlisiso ya gagwe kwa bokopanong le kwa diithutontshong, a thusa go anamisa kitso mo lephateng la thutotlhaloganyo ya kalafi.<ref name=":4" /> === Bodirela Puso le Sepolotiki === Go tloga ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola ga tlhano ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi, Mzwinila o ntse a direla jaaka Tona ya Merero ya Mafatshe le Metsi,<ref>Staff Writer (2019-11-06). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/new-cabinet-sworn-in/news "New cabinet sworn in".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 2024-03-27</ref> a eteletse pele maiteko a a botlhokwa mo tlhabololong ya lefatshe e e tswelelang pele jaaka go dira maiteko a go itlhaganedisa go abelwa ga ditsha<ref>Selatlhwa, Innocent (2023-11-21). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/no-plot-allocated-in-gabs-in-nine-years/news "No plot allocated in Gabs in nine years".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 2024-03-27</ref><ref>Kalabamu, Faustin Tirwirukwa (2006-06-01). [https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&sw=w&issn=14746743&v=2.1&it=r&id=GALE%7CA266225078&sid=googleScholar&linkaccess=abs "The limitations of state regulation of land delivery processes in Gaborone, Botswana"]. ''International Development Planning Review''. '''28''' (2): 209–234. [[doi:10.3828/idpr.28.2.5|doi:10.3828/idpr.28.2.5.]]</ref><ref>[https://thevoicebw.com/a-lifetime-of-waiting-for-a-plot/ "A lifetime of waiting for a plot » TheVoiceBW".] ''TheVoiceBW''. 2021-12-14. Retrieved 2024-03-27.</ref>le go oketsa go nna teng ga metsi a a phepa mo Botswana.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> <ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" />Lephata la Merero ya Mafatshe le Metsi, ka fa tlase ga boeteledipele jwa Mzwinila, go begilwe fa le tsentse tirisong ditiro tse di farologaneng ka fa tlase ga taolelo ya lona mo ngwageng wa ditšhelete wa 2023/24.<ref name=":5" /> Mo ngwageng o o fetileng wa matlole, lefapha le fitlheletse kelo e e kwa godimo ya tiriso ya tekanyetsokabo ya 99% e e supang tsamaiso e e nonofileng ya matlole le tiragatso ya tiro mo Lephateng . <ref name=":3" />Go ya ka [[Tona wa Madi|Tona]] [[Tona wa Madi|wa Madi]] Motlotlegi [[Peggy Serame]], mo puong ya gagwe ya tekanyetsokabo ya 2024/25 (6 Tlhakole 2024), Botswana e ntse e itemogela dikgwetlho mo go diragatseng mananeo a puso le diporojeke tse di tlogelang karolo e kgolo ya tekanyetsokabo ya tlhabololo e sa dirisiwe. <ref name=":7">[https://www.finance.gov.bw/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=613&catid=22&Itemid=108/files/publications/2024%20Budget%20Speech%20Final%20-%20Febrary%205%202024.pdf "2024 Budget Speech - Ministry of Finance"] (PDF). ''www.finance.gov.bw''. Retrieved 2024-03-30.</ref>Ka jalo, seelo se se kwa godimo sa tiriso ya metsi ke phitlhelelo e e amogelesegang mo morafeng wa borwa jwa Aforika o o batlang go fitlhelela maemo a lotseno lo lo kwa godimo ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mararo le borataro .<ref name=":7" /> Mzwinila o ne a direla jaaka mothusa Tona ya Thotloetso ya Banana, Metshameko le Tlhabololo ya Ngwao.<ref>[http://www.botswana.se/News/CABINET-APPOINTMENTS "Republic of Botswana ♦ Embassy in Stockholm, Sweden ♦".] ''www.botswana.se''. Retrieved 2023-12-13.</ref> O ne gape a direla jaaka Leloko la Palamente la kgaolo ya Mmadinare (2014-2019).<ref>Basimanebotlhe, Tsaone (2023-06-19). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/mzwinila-fancies-mmadinare-comeback/news "Mzwinila fancies Mmadinare comeback".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 2024-03-27.</ref><ref name=":5" />O tshwere maemo a boeteledipele a le mmalwa mo [[Botswana Democratic Party]] a a akaretsang go nna Moeteledipele wa Bosetšhaba wa Banana ba Lekoko magareng ga ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro le wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi.<ref name=":4" /> <ref name=":0" /><ref>Mooketsi, Lekopanye (28 February 2005). [https://allafrica.com/stories/200502281330.html "Botswana: The Brain Power of Mzwinila".] ''Mmegi''. Retrieved 28 March 2024</ref>le Mokhanselara kwa Sowa Town Council go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe go ya go wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone.<ref name=":5" /> == Matsholo == Mzwinila e ntse e le motho wa botlhokwa mo maitekong a Botswana a go tlhabolola lefatshe, a dira ka natla go netefatsa gore lefatshe le abiwa sentle le ka tekatekano mo baaging. Gape o dirile letsholo la go laola metswedi ya metsi ka tsela e e nang le mosola, ka maikaelelo a go netefatsa gore metswedi ya metsi ya Botswana e dirisiwa ka tsela e e nang le mosola le e e tswelelang. Mo godimo ga moo, o ne a rotloetsa maiteko a go maatlafatsa baša, a batla go neela banana ditšhono tsa go nna le seabe mo itsholelong le dipolotiki. Go feta moo o bueletse maano a tlhabololo ya ikonomi a a ikaeletseng go farologanya itsholelo ya Botswana le go fokotsa go ikaega ga yona ka ditaemane go akaretsa go dira matsholo a go oketsa kitso ka ga mathata a boitekanelo jwa tlhaloganyo le go fokotsa kgobo e e amanang le bolwetse jwa tlhaloganyo. <ref name=":6" /> Mzwinila o gateletse botlhokwa jwa thuto mme o dirile ka natla go tokafatsa phitlhelelo ya thuto ya boleng jo bo kwa godimo go baagi botlhe ba Botswana mme o dirile letsholo kgatlhanong le bogodu, a batla go rotloetsa ponalo le boikarabelo mo pusong. O ne a buelela ditirelo tsa boitekanelo tse di tokafaditsweng, go akaretsa go oketsa phitlhelelo ya tlhokomelo ya boitekanelo e e nang le boleng le dikgetho tsa tlhokomelo ya boitekanelo tse di tlhwatlhwa e e kgonegang.<ref name=":6" /> == Dithutego == Thutego ya ga Mzwinila e supa mokgwa wa go ithuta o o farologaneng. O ne a bona dithutsa tsa degree tse di latelang:<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":4" /> ** International Baccalaureate Diploma  (1993) from [[Waterford Kamhlaba United World College]]. ** Advanced Diploma in Military Science (1997 from [[US Army ROTC.]] ** Bachelor of Arts in Economics and Business Administration (1997) from Lafayette College. ** Bachelor of Science in Psychology (1997) from [[Lafayette College.]] ** Master of Arts in Economics (1999) from [[Yale University.]] ** Master of Science in Psychology (1999) from Yale University. ** Doctor of Philosophy in Economics and Management Sciences (Business Administration) (2022)<ref name=":0" /> [[North-West University.]] Ke mokanoki yo dipatlisiso tsa gagwe di tseneletseng mo go tsa maano a tsamaiso ya kitso le thotloetso ya ona mo tiragatsong ya ditheo tse di botlhokwa jaaka Botswana Water Utilities Corporation. Thesis ya gagwe ya PhD e e neng e na le setlhogo se se reng, 'Exploring and developing a framework for knowledge management in the Botswana Water Utilities Corporation' e ne ya tlhalosa gore kgolo ya itsholelo ya lefatshe, segolo thata mo temothuong, meepo le boitekanelo jwa malapa, e ikaegile thata ka tsamaiso e e siameng ya metswedi ya metsi.<ref name=":0" /> Mzwinila o gatisitse dikwalo tsa makwalodikgang tse di buang ka dintlha tse di tserweng mo thesiseng ya gagwe. <ref>Mzwinila, K.C.; Okharedia, A.A.; Lekunze, J.N. (2022). [[doi:10.24052/JBRMR/V16IS02/ART-02|"The role of knowledge management capabilities in the performance of Botswana water utilities corporation".]] ''Journal of Business & Retail Management Research''. '''16''' (2). [[Doi:10.24052/JBRMR/V16IS02/ART-02|doi:10.24052/JBRMR/V16IS02/ART-02]]</ref>Mo godimo ga moo, o ne a dira jaaka motlhatlheledi wa nako e khutshwane wa tlhaloganyo, tshidilo mailkulto, and Guidance kwa sekolong se setona sa Botswana magareng ga ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le boraro le wa dikete tse pedi le bone. == Filimi == Mzwinila o ne a botsolotswa ka ga phetogo ya tlelaemete le dikgwetlho tsa tsamaiso ya metswedi ya metsi mo Borwa jwa Aforika ke Sekolo sa Kgwebo sa Yunibesiti ya Bokone-Bophirima morago ga go fetsa dithuto tsa gagwe tsa bongaka. <ref>''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PxTLDrMzqP0 Climate change and water resource management challenges in Southern African by Dr Kefentse Mzwinila]''. Retrieved 2024-03-28 &#x2013; via www.youtube.com.</ref> Mzwinila o ne a tshwere kopano ya bobegakgang go neela tshedimosetso ka ditlhabololo le tswelelopele ya ditiro tse di tswelelang tsa metsi, le maemo a kabo ya lefatshe.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m_TfKyYWIuQ ''𝐈𝐍𝐂𝐑𝐄𝐀𝐒𝐄 𝐈𝐍 𝐋𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐀𝐋𝐋𝐎𝐂𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍''.] Retrieved 2024-03-28 &#x2013; via www.youtube.com.</ref> == Metswedi == net173ok7n38fp631x1llcsk7a2nngc 0 14669 53511 53258 2026-07-28T19:35:42Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53511 wikitext text/x-wiki Mokgatlho wa Botswana wa Tennis (BTA) ke mokgatlho wa sechaba o o laolang motshameko wa tenese mo [[Botswana]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090114095524/http://www.gov.bw/cgi-bin/news.cgi?d=20060126 "BOPA Daily News Archive".] 2009-01-14. Archived from [http://www.gov.bw/cgi-bin/news.cgi?d=20060126 the original] on January 14, 2009. Retrieved 2015-07-31.</ref> Botswana e mo maemong a ntlha mo go a le lesome le botlhano mo go tsa tennis mo Aforika. BoTA e ikgolagantse le [[International Tennis Federation le Confederation of African Tennis]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20101231104814/http://www.cattennis.com/english/national-associations.php?lien1=0&action=2# "CAT"]. ''www.cattennis.com''. Archived from [http://www.cattennis.com/english/national-associations.php?lien1=0&action=2 the original] on 2010-12-31. Retrieved 2015-07-30.</ref> == Ditso == Botswana e ne ya tsenelela dikgaisano tsa Fed Cup tsa yone tsa ntlha ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabobongwe le masome a robabongwe le botlhano.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150531134502/http://www.fedcup.com/en/teams/team/profile.aspx?id=BOT "Fed Cup - Team - Botswana (BOT)"]. ''www.fedcup.com''. Retrieved 2015-07-31.</ref> Phelelo ya bone e e molemo e ne e le go nna mo maemong a bone mo setlhopheng sa bone sa Group II ka Nbgwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bobedi le ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le boraro. Tapiwa Marobela o kwadisitse palo e e kwa godimo ya diphenyo tsa setlhopha sa Botswana Fed Cup, diphenyo di le thataro go tswa mo metshamekong e le lesome le boraro ya di-singles le diphenyo di le pedi go tswa mo metshamekong e le lesome le bongwe ya di-doubles magareng ga ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe le ngwaga wa dikete tsepedi le bone, pele a tsena mo Florida State University go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120331223205/http://www.seminoles.com/sports/w-tennis/mtt/marobela_tapiwa00.html "Tapiwa Marobela - Profile".] ''College Network - Seminoles''. CBSSports.com. Archived from [http://www.seminoles.com/sports/w-tennis/mtt/marobela_tapiwa00.html the original] on March 31, 2012. Retrieved June 30, 201</ref> Botswana e ne ya tsenela Davis Cup ya yone ya ntlha ka 1996. Botswana Tennis Association le yone e tsere karolo mo [[metshamekong ya 2014 African Youth Games]] e e neng e tshwaretswe kwa Gaborone, Botswana. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140116141211/http://www.dailynews.gov.bw/news-details.php?nid=4792 "Support Gaborone 2014 games'"]. ''www.dailynews.gov.bw''. Archived from the original on 2014-01-16. Retrieved 2015-07-30.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140625130035/http://gaborone2014.com/venues/ "Gaborone 2014 - 2nd African Youth Games .:: Venues ]::". ''www.gaborone2014.com''. Archived from [http://www.gaborone2014.com/venues/ the original] on 2014-06-25. Retrieved 2015-07-30.</ref> Go na le mekgathonyana e le lesome le boraro ya tenese e e leng mo mokgatlhong ono. Mokgatlho o dira mmogo le Mekgatho e mengwe jaaka Mokgatlho wa Botswana wa Metshameko ya dikolo tse di fa gare le tse dikgolwane , Mokgatlho wa Metshameko wa Botswana Premier League (mokgatlho wa metshameko ya lephatha la tsa thuto e e kwa godimo, dikolo tse dipotlana == Sejana sa Davis == Setlhopha sa Botswana sa Davis Cup se ne sa ipaakanyetsa go tshameka mo setlhopheng sa boraro ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano morago ga go tlhatlosiwa mo setlhopheng sa boraro ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bobedi {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="2" |Sejana sa Botswana sa Davis Cup |- !Ngwaga !Batshameki |- |2009 | * Matshidiso Malope * Thabiso Shatiso Mabaka * Shingirai Muzondiwa * Lefa Ashley Mthandazo Sixtus Sibanda |- |2010 | * Shingirai Muzondiwa * Thabiso Shatiso Mabaka * Lefa Ashley Mthandazo Sixtus Sibanda * Bakang Duke Mosinyi |- |2013 | * Phenyo Matong * Shingirai Muzondiwa * Innocent Tidimane (junior player) * Aobakwe Lekang |- |2014 | * Phenyo Matong * Shingirai Muzondiwa * Thabiso Shatiso Mabaka * Lame Botshoma |} == .Ditlamelo tsa batho == === Bakatisi === Go na le bakatisi ba le lesome le botlhano (15) ba ITF ba ba katisitsweng ka tirisanommogo magareng ga ITF le International Olympic Committee (IOC).<ref name=":0">[http://www.bnsc.co.bw/bnsc-sports.php?sports_name=3&sec_page=Other "Welcome to BNSC .:: Tennis ::]". ''www.bnsc.co.bw''. Retrieved 2015-08-01.</ref> === Batsamaisi === Lekgotla le na le moatlhodi wa ITF Level II (White Badge) le baatlhodi ba Level I ba ba fetang masome a mane.<ref name=":0" /> Baithaopi ba bangwe ba akaretsa dingaka tsa metshameko tse di bitswang gangwe le gape go thusa kwa ditiragalong tse di tlhophilweng, segolobogolo dikgaisano tsa boditšhabatšhaba. <ref name=":0" /> == Metswedi == rckififpx9c9qff4r2j0z4iay87k5be 0 14671 53524 53296 2026-07-29T03:59:07Z Atsile Edith 11759 Ke senotse tsebe e #Wikipedia25BW 53524 wikitext text/x-wiki Ditumelo le mekgwa ya batho ba [[:en:Demographics_of_Africa|Aforika]] di farologane thata e bile di akaretsa [[:en:Ethnic_religion|ditumelo tsa merafe]] tse di farologaneng.<ref name=":0">Encyclopedia of African Religion (Sage, 2009) [[:en:Molefi_Kete_Asante|Molefi Kete Asante]]</ref> <ref>Ndlovu, Tommy Matshakayile (1995). ''Imikhuba lamasiko AmaNdebele''. Doris Ndlovu, Bekithemba S. Ncube. Gweru, Gasiya Zimbabwe: Mambo Press. ISBN&#x20;<bdi>0-86922-624-X</bdi>. OCLC&#x20;34114180.</ref>Ka kakaretso, [[:en:Tradition|ditso]] tsotlhe tseno ga di ikaege ka dibuka tse di [[:en:Religious_text|kwadilweng]], mme di fetisiwa go tswa mo kokomaneng e nngwe go ya go e nngwe ka [[:en:Narrative|dipolelo]], [[:en:Music_of_Africa|dipina]], [[:en:Myth|dikgang tsa bogologolo]] le [[:en:Category:Festivals_in_Africa_by_country|meletlo ya setso]].<ref>Juergensmeyer, Mark (2006). ''The Oxford handbook of global religions''. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN&#x20;<bdi>0-19-513798-1</bdi>. OCLC&#x20;64084086. </ref><ref>Mbiti, John S. (1991). Introduction to African religion. Oxford [England]: Heinemann Educational Books. <nowiki>ISBN 0-435-94002-3</nowiki>. OCLC 24376978.</ref><ref>Nweke, Kizito Chinedu (2022-12-25). "Responding to new Imageries in African indigenous Spiritualties". ''Religious: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama dan Lintas Budaya''. '''6''' (3): 271–282. doi:10.15575/rjsalb.v6i3.20246. ISSN&#x20;2528-7249. S2CID&#x20;255213985.</ref> Di akaretsa tumelo mo [[:en:Spirit_(animating_force)|meoyeng]] le mo medimong e e kwa godimo le e e kwa tlase, tsotlhe dingwe di dumela gape mo [[:en:King_of_the_gods|Modimong yo Mogolo]], mmogo le go [[:en:Veneration_of_the_dead|tlotla badimo]], tiriso ya boloi kgotsa [[:en:Magic_(supernatural)|maselamose]], le kalafi ya setso ya Seaforika. Bontsi jwa ditumelo tseno bo ka tlhalosiwa e le ditumelo tsa semowa tse di dumelang gore tsotlhe mo [[:en:Animism|tlholegong]]<ref name=":1">Kimmerle, Heinz (2006-04-11). "The world of spirits and the respect for nature: towards a new appreciation of animism". The Journal for Transdisciplinary Research in Southern Africa. 2 (2): 15. doi:10.4102/td.v2i2.277. ISSN 2415-2005.</ref><ref name=":2">Vontress, Clemmont E. (2005), "Animism: Foundation of Traditional Healing in Sub-Saharan Africa", Integrating Traditional Healing Practices into Counseling and Psychotherapy, SAGE Publications, Inc., pp. 124–137, doi:10.4135/9781452231648, <nowiki>ISBN 978-0-7619-3047-1</nowiki>, retrieved 2019-10-31</ref> di na le mowa, mme gape di na le dikarolo tsa go dumela mo [[:en:Polytheistic|medimong e le mentsi]] le tsotlhe mo lefatsheng tsotlhe di amana le bomodimo.<ref name=":0" /><ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/index_section6.shtml An African Story] [[:en:BBC|BBC]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20151102074637/http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/index_section6.shtml Archived] November 2, 2015, at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]].</ref> Karolo ya [[:en:Humanity_(virtue)|motho]] mo ditumelong tseno e tsewa e le go tshela ka kutlwano le tlholego mmogo le lefatshe la semowa.<ref name=":0" /><ref>[https://hts.org.za/index.php/HTS/article/view/341/758#17 What is religion? An African understanding] [https://web.archive.org/web/20160521115514/http://www.hts.org.za/index.php/HTS/article/view/341/758#17 Archived] May 21, 2016, at the Wayback Machine.</ref> == Go anama le go kopana le ditumelo tsa ga Aborahame == Balatedi ba ditumelo tsa setso mo [[Aferika|Afrika]] ba anamisitswe mo mafatsheng a le 43 mme go fopholediwa gore ba feta didikadike di le lekgolo.<ref>''Britannica Book of the Year'' (2003), ''[[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica|Encyclopædia Britannica]]'' (2003) {{ISBN|978-0-85229-956-2}} p.306 According to the ''Encyclopædia Britannica'', as of mid-2002, there were 480,453,000 Christians, 329,869,000 Muslims and 98,734,000 people who practiced traditional religions in Africa. [http://www.bellbookandcandlepublications.com/greenwoodsvillage/gor/islam.php Ian S. Markham, ''A World Religions Reader'' (1996) Cambridge, MA: Blackwell Publishers] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304032618/http://www.bellbookandcandlepublications.com/greenwoodsvillage/gor/islam.php|date=March 4, 2016}} is cited by Morehouse University as giving the mid-1990s figure of 278,250,800 Muslims in Africa, but still as 40.8% of the total. These numbers are estimates, and remain a matter of conjecture (see Amadu Jacky Kaba). The spread of Christianity and Islam in Africa: a survey and analysis of the numbers and percentages of Christians, Muslims and those who practice indigenous religions. ''The Western Journal of Black Studies'', Vol 29, Number 2, (June 2005), discusses the estimations of various almanacs and encyclopedias, placing Britannica's estimate as the most agreed on figure. Notes the figure presented at the [http://www.afrikaworld.net/afrel/Statistics.htm ''World Christian Encyclopedia'', summarized here] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305222924/http://www.afrikaworld.net/afrel/Statistics.htm|date=March 5, 2016}}, as being an outlier. On rates of growth, Islam and Pentecostal Christianity are highest, see: [https://web.archive.org/web/20070521093323/http://www.foreignpolicy.com/story/cms.php?story_id=3835 The List: The World's Fastest-Growing Religions], Foreign Policy, May 2007.</ref><ref>Lugira, Aloysius M., ''African Traditional Religions'' (New York: Chelsea House, 2009), p. 36 [in] Varghese, Roy Abraham, ''Christ Connection: How the World Religions Prepared the Way for the Phenomenon of Jesus'', Paraclete Press (2011), p. 1935, {{ISBN|9781557258397}} [https://books.google.com/books?id=IH8JtLHnFkoC&pg=PA1935] (Retrieved 24 March 2019)</ref> [[:en:Islam_in_Africa|Boislamo]] le [[:en:Christianity_in_Africa|Bakeresiti]], tse gantsi di tlositseng ditumelo tsa setso tsa Aforika, tsotlhe di fetolwa go dumalana le ditso le ditumelo tsa Maaforika. Batho ba le bantsi mo Aforika ba [[:en:Syncretism|kopanya ditumelo]] tsa bone tsa setso le [[:en:Abrahamic_religions|Baebele kgotsa Boislamo.]]<ref>Mbiti, John S (1992). Introduction to African religion. East African Publishers. <nowiki>ISBN 978-0-435-94002-7</nowiki>.When Africans are converted to other religions, they often mix their traditional religion with the one to which they are converted. In this way they are not losing something valuable, but are gaining something from both religious customs</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Riggs |first1=Thomas |year=2006 |title=Worldmark Encyclopedia of Religious Practices: Religions and denominations |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uTMOAQAAMAAJ&q=%22many+African+Christians%22 |publisher=Thomson Gale |isbn=978-0-7876-6612-5 |page=1}}Although a large proportion of Africans have converted to Islam an Christianity, these two world religions have been assimilated into African culture, and many African Christians and Muslims maintain traditional spiritual beliefs</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Gottlieb |first1=Roger S |date=2006-11-09 |title=The Oxford handbook of religion and ecology |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_LldeLvqQNsC&pg=PA266 |publisher=Oxford University Press, USA |isbn=978-0-19-517872-2}}Even in the adopted religions of Islam and Christianity, which on the surface appear to have converted millions of Africans from their traditional religions, many aspect of traditional religions are still manifest</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=US study sheds light on Africa's unique religious mix |url=https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5hpKESvthJtQeyjk57vyzOnY5l9cg |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100425190919/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5hpKESvthJtQeyjk57vyzOnY5l9cg |archive-date=April 25, 2010 |publisher=AFP}}t doesn't seem to be an either-or for many people. They can describe themselves primarily as Muslim or Christian and continue to practice many of the traditions that are characteristic of African traditional religion," Luis Lugo, executive director of the Pew Forum, told AFP.</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Quainoo |first1=Samuel Ebow |date=2000-01-01 |title=In Transitions and consolidation of democracy in Africa |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-IDfqT6589kC&pg=PA40 |publisher=Global Academic |isbn=978-1-58684-040-2}}Even though the two religions are monotheistic, most African Christians and Muslims convert to them and still retain some aspects of their traditional religions</ref>Ditumelo tseno tse pedi tsa Baebele di anametse mo kontinenteng yotlhe ya Aforika, le fa bontsi jwa balatedi ba tsone bo fitlhelwa mo dikgaolong tse di farologaneng. Dikakanyo tsa Baebele, segolobogolo tsotlhe tse di amanang le go dumela mo Modimong a le mongwe fela, di ne tsa simolola go tsena mo ditumelong tsa setso tsa Aforika tse pele di neng di dumela mo medimong e le mentsi.<ref>Encyclopædia Britannica. Britannica Book of the Year 2003. Encyclopædia Britannica, (2003) {{ISBN|9780852299562}} p.306. According to the Encyclopædia Britannica, as of mid-2002, there were 376,453,000 Christians, 329,869,000 Muslims and 98,734,000 people who practiced traditional religions in Africa. [http://www.greenwoodsvillage.com/gor/islam.htm Ian S. Markham,(A World Religions Reader. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishers, 1996.)] is cited by Morehouse University as giving the mid-1990s figure of 278,250,800 Muslims in Africa, but still as 40.8% of the total. These numbers are estimates, and remain a matter of conjecture. See Amadu Jacky Kaba. The spread of Christianity and Islam in Africa: a survey and analysis of the numbers and percentages of Christians, Muslims and those who practice indigenous religions. The Western Journal of Black Studies, Vol 29, Number 2, June 2005. Discusses the estimations of various almanacs and encyclopedium, placing Britannica's estimate as the most agreed figure. Notes the figure presented at the [http://www.afrikaworld.net/afrel/Statistics.htm World Christian Encyclopedia, summarized here], as being an outlier. [[:en:The_World_Book_Encyclopedia|The World Book Encyclopedia]] has estimated that in 2002 Christians formed 40% of the continent's population, with Muslims forming 45%. It was also estimated in 2002 that Christians form 45% of Africa's population, with Muslims forming 40.6%.</ref> Ditumelo tsa setso tsa Bophirima jwa Aforika di leka go tlhaloganya boammaaruri jwa botshelo, mme go farologana le Baebele, ga di ikaege mo dikakanyong tse di siametseng fela. Go na le moo, di leka go tlhalosa tsotlhe tse motho a di itemogelang mo botshelong ka maatla a semowa a a tshegetsang kagiso le tsamaiso e e siameng mo setšhabeng, mme a ganetsana le maatla a a ka tlisang tlhakatlhakano le tshenyo.<ref>Ajayi, J. F. Ade (1976). History of West Africa. Internet Archive. New York : Columbia University Press. pp. 100–101. <nowiki>ISBN 978-0-231-04103-4</nowiki>.</ref> Balatedi ba ditumelo tsa setso tsa Aforika ba fitlhelwa gape mo mafatsheng a le mantsi mo lefatsheng. Mo dinakong tsa bosheng, ditumelo tse di jaaka tumelo ya Baebele ya [[:en:Yoruba_religion|Yoruba]], tumelo ya [[:en:Odinala|Odinala]] (e leng tumelo ya setso ya Ba-[[:en:Odinala|Igbo]]), le Gaboism<ref>GT Obadiah, Gaboism, 2023, Brobadiah and Publishing House, Bwari, FCT-Abuja</ref> di ntse di gola ka bonako. Ditumelo tsa Ba-Igbo le BaYoruba di tumile thata kwa Caribbean le mo dikarolong dingwe tsa Amerika Bogare le Amerika Borwa. Kwa United States of America, tumelo ya Voodoo e bonala thata mo dinageng tse di bapileng le Kgogometso ya Mexico (Gulf of Mexico).<ref>GT Obadiah, Gaboism, 2023, Brobadiah and Publishing House, Bwari, FCT-Abuja</ref> == Dilo tsa motheo == [[Setshwantsho:Ganvie_Voodoo_Dancer_(21596115932).jpg|thumb| Motantshi wa setso wa Vodun yo o kgatlhang medimo le meya, kwa Ganvie, kwa Benin]] [[Setshwantsho:Début_de_pas_de_danse_du_Zangbéto_-_Bénin.jpg|thumb| Moletlo wa selegae kwa Benin o o nang le zangbeto]]Ditumelo tsa setso tsa Aforika tse di raraaneng thata tse di ikaegileng ka tumelo ya gore tsotlhe mo tlholegong di na le mowa ke tsone motheo wa kgopolo ya ditumelo tsa setso tsa Aforika. Seno se akaretsa kobamelo ya medimo e e sireletsang batho kgotsa ditšhaba, kobamelo ya tlholego, go tlotla badimo le tumelo ya botshelo morago ga loso, e e tshwanang le ya ditumelo tse dingwe tsa setso mo lefatsheng. Le fa ditumelo dingwe di na le pono ya gore dilo tsotlhe di amana le bomodimo, di dumela mo Modimong yo Mogolo mmogo le medimo e mengwe le meoya, fa tse dingwe di latela tsamaiso ya go dumela mo medimong e le mentsi, meoyeng le dibopiweng tse dingwe tsa semowa.<ref name=":1" /> Ditumelo tsa setso tsa Aforika gape di na le dikarolo tsa ditotem, bošamane le go tlotla dilo tse di boitshepo tse di tlogetsweng ke bagologolo.<ref>Asukwo (2013). "The Need to Re-Conceptualize African Traditional Religion".</ref> Ditumelo tsa setso tsa Aforika, fela jaaka ditso tse dingwe tsa bogologolo mo lefatsheng, di ne di ikaegile ka dipolelo tsa molomo. Ditso tseno ga se melao ya bodumedi fela, mme ke boitshupo jwa setso jo bo fetisiwang ka dipolelo, mainane le dikgang tsa bogologolo go tswa mo kokomaneng e nngwe go ya go e nngwe. Setšhaba, lelapa la motho le tikologo di na le seabe se segolo mo botshelong jwa motho. Balatedi ba dumela mo kaelong le dithutong tsa meoya ya badimo ba bone. Mo ditumelong di le dintsi tsa setso tsa Aforika, go na le baeteledipele ba semowa le mefuta ya baperesiti ba ba botlhokwa mo go tsweletseng botshelo jwa semowa le jwa bodumedi jwa setšhaba. Gape go na le batho ba ba nang le bokgoni jwa semowa ba ba ikarabelang mo kalafing le mo go boneleng pele dilo kgotsa go naya kgakololo, e leng tiro e e tshwanang le ya bošamane. Dingaka tseno tsa setso di tshwanetse go bidiwa ke badimo kgotsa medimo gore di dire tiro ya tsone. Di tsena mo thutong e e gagametseng mme di ithuta bokgoni jo bontsi jo bo tlhokegang, go akaretsa tiriso ya ditlhare tsa tlholego mo kalafing le bokgoni jo bongwe jwa semowa, jaaka go bona sengwe se se fitlhilweng le fa di sa itse gore se fitlhilwe kae. Ditumelo tsa setso tsa Aforika di dumela gore badimo ba tswelela ba na le kamano ya semowa le ba losika lwa bone ba ba tshelang. Bontsi jwa meoya ya badimo bo tsewa e le molemo e bile bo na le bopelonomi. Ditiro tse di sa siamang tse di dirwang ke meoya ya badimo di ka baka malwetse a mannye e le tlhagiso ya gore batho ba fapogile tsela e e siameng. Matshwao a mangwe a tlhagiso a ka nna go runya ga malwetse, mme seno se dira gore batho ba lemoge gore ba kgopisitse medimo kgotsa badimo<ref>"African Traditional Religion | South African History Online". www.sahistory.org.za. Retrieved 2021-06-19.</ref>. Ditumelo tsa setso tsa Seaforika di ikaegile thata ka go tlotla badimo, tumelo ya gore go na le lefatshe la meoya, dibopiwa tsa semowa le kgololesego ya motho ya go itlhophela (go farologana le kgopolo ya tumelo e e neng ya tlhagelela moragonyana). Batho ba ba tlhokafetseng (mmogo le diphologolo kgotsa dilo tsa botlhokwa) ba dumelwa gore ba santse ba le teng mo lefatsheng la meoya mme ba ka ama kgotsa ba dirisana le lefatshe la batho ba ba tshelang. Mekgwa ya go dumela mo medimong e le mentsi e ne e anametse thata mo bontsing jwa dikarolo tsa Aforika ya bogologolo le dikarolo tse dingwe tsa lefatshe pele Boislamo, Bokeresete le Sejuta di tsena. Nngwe ya dilo tse di neng di sa tlwaelega e ne e le bodumedi jwa go dumela mo Modimong a le mongwe jo bo neng jwa tlhamiwa ke Faro Akhenaten ka nako e khutshwane, yo o neng a pateletsa batho go rapela modimo wa gagwe Aten (bona Atenism).<ref>Hornung, Erik (2001). Akhenaten and the religion of light. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press. <nowiki>ISBN 0-8014-8725-0</nowiki>. OCLC 48417401. </ref> Phetogo eno e e gakgamatsang mo bodumeding jwa setso jwa Egepeto e ne ya fetolwa gape ke morwawe yo mmotlana, Tutankbhamun. <ref>Hexham, Irvin ((1981), ''Lord of the Sky-King of the earth: Zulu Traditional Religion and Belief in the Skrelicsy God'', Sciences Religieuses Studies in Religion, vol. 10: 273-78)</ref><ref>Busia, K. A. (1963). "Has the distinction between primitive and higher religions any sociological significance ?". ''Archives de sciences sociales des religions''. '''16''' (1): 22–25. doi:10.3406/assr.1963.1996.</ref><ref>Peterson, Olof. "Foreigen influences on the idea of God in African religions". </ref><ref name=":3">Okwu AS (1979). "Life, Death, Reincarnation, and Traditional Healing in Africa". Issue: A Journal of Opinion. 9 (3): 19–24. doi:10.2307/1166258. JSTOR 1166258. </ref>Medimo e megolo, mmogo le medimo e mengwe e e nang le ditiro tse di kgethegileng, meoya ya badimo, meoya ya mafelo le dibopiwa tsa semowa, ke dikarolo tse di tlwaelegileng mo ditumelong tsa setso tsa Aforika, mme di bontsha setso se se raraaneng le se se tsweletseng pele sa Aforika ya bogologolo<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4">Stanton, Andrea L. (2012). ''Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia, and Africa: An Encyclopedia''. SAGE. ISBN&#x20;<bdi>978-1-4129-8176-7</bdi>.</ref><ref>Baldick, Julian (1997). Black God: the Afroasiatic roots of the Jewish, Christian, and Muslim religions. Syracuse University Press:ISBN</ref>. Dipatlisiso dingwe di bontsha gore dikgopolo dingwe tsa go dumela mo Modimong a le mongwe, jaaka tumelo mo Modimong yo Mogolo kgotsa maatleng a magolo (mmogo le medimo e mengwe e mentsi, dibopiwa tsa semowa le meoya e ka dinako dingwe e tsewang e le batsereganyi magareng ga batho le Mmopi), di ne di setse di le teng mo Aforika pele ga go tlhagoga ga ditumelo tsa Baebele. Le fa go ntse jalo, dikgopolo tseno tsa setso sa selegae di ne di farologane le tumelo ya Modimo a le mongwe e e fitlhelwang mo ditumelong tsa Baebele.<ref name=":3" /><ref>''The Civilizations of Africa: A History to 1800'', by Christopher Ehret, James Currey, 2002</ref><ref>Ehret, Christopher (November 2004). "A Conversation with Christopher Ehret". World History Connected (Interview). Interviewed by Laichas, Tom. Retrieved 30 May 2020. (Citation with date provided here)</ref><ref name=":4" /> [[Setshwantsho:Koku_Dancer.jpg|thumb| Motantshi wa setso wa Koku]] Kalafi ya setso ya Seaforika le yone e amana ka tlhamalalo le ditumelo tsa setso tsa Aforika. Go ya ka Clemmont E. Vontress, ditumelo tse di farologaneng tsa setso tsa Aforika di kopanngwa ke tumelo ya motheo ya gore tsotlhe mo tlholegong di na le mowa. Go ya ka ene, tumelo mo meoyeng le mo badimong ke yone karolo e e botlhokwa thata ya ditumelo tsa Aforika. Medimo e ka tswa e itlhagisitse ka boyone kgotsa e ka tswa e tlhageletse go tswa mo meoyeng kgotsa mo badimong ba batho ba neng ba simolola go ba obamela. Gape o tlhalosa gore bontsi jwa ditumelo tsa segompieno tsa setso tsa Aforika di tlhotlheleditswe thata ke ditumelo tse e seng tsa Aforika, segolobogolo Bokeresete le Boislamo, mme ka ntlha ya moo di ka farologana le mefuta ya tsone ya bogologolo.<ref name=":2" /> Ditumelo tsa setso tsa Aforika gantsi di dumela mo botshelong morago ga loso (lefatshe la meoya kgotsa mafelo a semowa, kwa meoya mmogo le medimo di nnang gone), mme tse dingwe gape di na le kgopolo ya go tsalwa gape, moo batho ba ba tlhokafetseng ba ka tsalwang gape mo losikeng lwa bone (losika lwa madi), fa ba eletsa jalo kgotsa ba sa ntse ba na le sengwe se ba tshwanetseng go se diragatsa.<ref>Ndemanu, Michael T. (January 2018). "Traditional African religions and their influences on the worldviews of Bangwa people of Cameroon". ''Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad''. '''30'''. Ball State University; Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad: 70–84. doi:10.36366/frontiers.v30i1.405. <q>There is an unwavering belief in life after death in traditional African religions with some even believing in reincarnation...</q></ref> Kgopolo ya Serer ya go tsalwa gape e gana mogopolo wa gore Modimo yo Mogolo le Mmopi, Roog, a ka tsalwa kgotsa a boe a tsalwe gape. Le fa go ntse jalo, go tsalwa gape ga Pangool kgotsa meoya go dumelwa thata mo semoweng sa Baserer.<ref>Faye, Louis Diène, "Mort et Naissance Le Monde Sereer." Les Nouvelles Edition Africaines (1983), pp. 9-10, 71-2, ISBN</ref> Go na le go tshwana gantsi mo gare ga ditumelo tsa setso tsa Aforika tse di fitlhelwang mo kgaolong e le nngwe. Sekao, mo Aforika Bogare, go na le ditso tsa bodumedi tse di tshwanang mo dinageng tsa Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Burundi, Zambia le Malawi<ref name=":5">Salamone, Frank A. (2004). Levinson, David (ed.). ''Encyclopedia of Religious Rites, Rituals, and Festivals''. New York: Routledge. p.&#x20;5. ISBN&#x20;<bdi>0-415-94180-6</bdi>.</ref>. Batho ba ba salang morago ditumelo tsa setso mo dinageng tseno gantsi ba tlotla le go obamela badimo ka go dira meetlo le meletlo, gape ba obamela lefatshe kgotsa modimo mongwe ka ditlhopha tsa kobamelo tsa kgaolo ("regional cults") kgotsa mafelo a a boitshepo ("shrine cults"), ka go latelana.<ref name=":5" /> Jacob Olupona, porofesa wa Mo-Nigeria le Mo-Amerika yo o ithutang ka ditumelo tsa setso tsa Aforika kwa Harvard University, o ne a sobokanya ditumelo tsotlhe tsa setso tsa Aforika e le ditso tsotlhe tsa bodumedi tse di raraaneng tse di ikaegileng mo tumelong ya gore tsotlhe mo tlholegong di na le mowa, le tsotlhe tse di neng di dirisiwa ke batho ba Aforika pele ga go tla ga Bokeresete le Boislamo mo Aforika. Go tlotla badimo go ntse go na le seabe se segolo mo ditsong tsa setso tsa Aforika, mme go ka tsewa e le mokokotlo wa tsela e Maaforika a lebang lefatshe ka yone. Badimo (mewa ya bagologolwane ba ba tlhokafetseng) ke karolo e e botlhokwa ya tsotlhe tse di leng teng. Ka kakaretso go dumelwa gore badimo ba nna mo lefatsheng la badimo (spirit world), le fa bangwe ba dumela gore badimo bangwe ba fitlha mo maatleng a a lekanang le a medimo.<ref name=":6">Chiorazzi, Anthony (2015-10-06). "The spirituality of Africa". ''Harvard Gazette''. Retrieved 2020-11-30.</ref> Pharologanyo fa gare ga medimo le badimo gantsi e a ganetsanwa kgotsa e farologana go ya ka ditso le ditumelo. Le fa go ntse jalo, ka kakaretso go dumelwa gore badimo ba tshela mo seemong se se kwa godimo go feta batho ba ba tshelang, e bile ba na le bokgoni jwa go naya ditlogolwana tsa bone ditshegofatso kgotsa malwetse. Badimo ba ka naya ditlogolwana tsa bone kgakololo, masego, lesego le tlotlo, mme gape ba ka dira tsotlhe dingwe, jaaka go batla gore mafelo a bone a a boitshepo a tlhokomelwe sentle le gore ba newe ditlhabelo kgotsa ditshupo tsa tlotlo ka mokgwa o o tshwanetseng. Tumelo mo badimong gape e bontsha gore semowa sa setso sa Aforika se akaretsa tsotlhe, ka gonne se dumela gore bagologolwane ba ba tlhokafetseng ba sa ntse ba na le seabe mo matshelong a ditlogolwana tsa bone tse di sa ntseng di tshela. Olupona ga a dumalane le tlhaloso ya Bophirima le ya Boislamo ya bodumedi jwa modimo a le mongwe (monotheism), a re ga e kgone go tlhalosa sentle go raraana ga ditumelo tsa setso tsa Aforika e bile e di nolofatsa go feta kafa di leng ka gone. Le fa ditso dingwe di dumela mo Modimong yo Mogolo (mmogo le medimo e mengwe), tse dingwe ga di dire jalo. Ka jalo, bodumedi jwa modimo a le mongwe ga bo bontshe ditsela tsotlhe tse di farologaneng tse semowa sa setso sa Aforika se tlhalosang medimo, medingwana le mewa ka tsone. O sobokanya ka gore ditumelo tsa setso tsa Aforika ga se ditumelo fela, mme gape ke tsela ya go leba lefatshe, le mokgwa wa botshelo.<ref name=":6" /> == Meletlo ya bodumedi == [[Setshwantsho:West_african_religion.jpg|thumb| Kgotlatshekelo ya bodumedi kwa borwa jwa Ghana]]Ditlwaelo tsa bodumedi tsa Aforika Bophirima le Aforika Bogare gantsi di bonala mo meletlong ya setšhaba kgotsa mo mekgweng ya bonohe, moo maloko a setšhaba a amogelwang ke maatla a semowa (a a bidiwang ashe, nyama, kgotsa ka maina a mangwe go ya ka setso). Ka ntlha ya morethetho o o tswelelang wa meropa kgotsa wa dipina, batsayakarolo ba ka tsena mo seemong sa go akanya ka botebo kgotsa go tsenwa ke semowa. Mongwe wa meletlo eno ya bodumedi e e dirwang kwa Gabon le Cameroon ke Okuyi, e e dirisiwang ke merafe e le mmalwa ya Bantu. Mo seemong seno, go ikaegile ka kgaolo, morethetho wa meropa kgotsa wa diletswa tsa mmino o o letswang ke badiredi ba mmino ba ba tlotlegang (mme morethetho mongwe le mongwe o amana le modimo kgotsa modimo mongwe), o dira gore batsayakarolo ba tsenwe ke modimo kgotsa modimo, kgotsa ba bontshe maatla a semowa kgotsa seemo sengwe sa mogopolo ka go dira metsamao kgotsa metantsho ya meetlo e e kgethegileng, e e oketsang seemo sa bone sa go itemogela tsotlhe tsa semowa.<ref>Karade, B. ''The Handbook of Yoruba Religious Concepts'', pages&#x20;39–46. Samuel Weiser Inc, 1994</ref>   [[Setshwantsho:Statuette_protectrice_nkisi,_71.1892.52.2,_Musée_du_quai_Branly.jpg|thumb| Nkisi nkondi wa Bakongo . Ke setlhotshwana sa nkisi, dilo tse go dumelwa gore di agiwa ke meya, tse di tlwaelegileng go ralala Congo Basin .]] [[Setshwantsho:Masques_BaKongo.JPG|thumb| Dimaseke tsa Bakongo go tswa kwa Kongo Bogare]] [[Setshwantsho:Early_20th_century_Yoruba_divination_board.jpg|thumb| Boto ya go bolelela pele ya Bayoruba ya mo tshimologong ya lekgolo la bo20 la dingwaga]] [[Setshwantsho:Sangoma_reading_the_Bones.jpg|left|thumb| [[Dingaka tsa setso tsa Borwa jwa Aforika|Ngaka ya setso ya Aforika Borwa]] e dira boitseanape ka go buisa marapo]] tkhmyk3dop6g43xzaekovspupff81bf 53529 53524 2026-07-29T05:55:50Z Atsile Edith 11759 Ke senotse tsebe e #Wikipedia25BW 53529 wikitext text/x-wiki Ditumelo le mekgwa ya batho ba [[:en:Demographics_of_Africa|Aforika]] di farologane thata e bile di akaretsa [[:en:Ethnic_religion|ditumelo tsa merafe]] tse di farologaneng.<ref name=":0">Encyclopedia of African Religion (Sage, 2009) [[:en:Molefi_Kete_Asante|Molefi Kete Asante]]</ref> <ref>Ndlovu, Tommy Matshakayile (1995). ''Imikhuba lamasiko AmaNdebele''. Doris Ndlovu, Bekithemba S. Ncube. Gweru, Gasiya Zimbabwe: Mambo Press. ISBN&#x20;<bdi>0-86922-624-X</bdi>. OCLC&#x20;34114180.</ref>Ka kakaretso, [[:en:Tradition|ditso]] tsotlhe tseno ga di ikaege ka dibuka tse di [[:en:Religious_text|kwadilweng]], mme di fetisiwa go tswa mo kokomaneng e nngwe go ya go e nngwe ka [[:en:Narrative|dipolelo]], [[:en:Music_of_Africa|dipina]], [[:en:Myth|dikgang tsa bogologolo]] le [[:en:Category:Festivals_in_Africa_by_country|meletlo ya setso]].<ref>Juergensmeyer, Mark (2006). ''The Oxford handbook of global religions''. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN&#x20;<bdi>0-19-513798-1</bdi>. OCLC&#x20;64084086. </ref><ref>Mbiti, John S. (1991). Introduction to African religion. Oxford [England]: Heinemann Educational Books. <nowiki>ISBN 0-435-94002-3</nowiki>. OCLC 24376978.</ref><ref>Nweke, Kizito Chinedu (2022-12-25). "Responding to new Imageries in African indigenous Spiritualties". ''Religious: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama dan Lintas Budaya''. '''6''' (3): 271–282. doi:10.15575/rjsalb.v6i3.20246. ISSN&#x20;2528-7249. S2CID&#x20;255213985.</ref> Di akaretsa tumelo mo [[:en:Spirit_(animating_force)|meoyeng]] le mo medimong e e kwa godimo le e e kwa tlase, tsotlhe dingwe di dumela gape mo [[:en:King_of_the_gods|Modimong yo Mogolo]], mmogo le go [[:en:Veneration_of_the_dead|tlotla badimo]], tiriso ya boloi kgotsa [[:en:Magic_(supernatural)|maselamose]], le kalafi ya setso ya Seaforika. Bontsi jwa ditumelo tseno bo ka tlhalosiwa e le ditumelo tsa semowa tse di dumelang gore tsotlhe mo [[:en:Animism|tlholegong]]<ref name=":1">Kimmerle, Heinz (2006-04-11). "The world of spirits and the respect for nature: towards a new appreciation of animism". The Journal for Transdisciplinary Research in Southern Africa. 2 (2): 15. doi:10.4102/td.v2i2.277. ISSN 2415-2005.</ref><ref name=":2">Vontress, Clemmont E. (2005), "Animism: Foundation of Traditional Healing in Sub-Saharan Africa", Integrating Traditional Healing Practices into Counseling and Psychotherapy, SAGE Publications, Inc., pp. 124–137, doi:10.4135/9781452231648, <nowiki>ISBN 978-0-7619-3047-1</nowiki>, retrieved 2019-10-31</ref> di na le mowa, mme gape di na le dikarolo tsa go dumela mo [[:en:Polytheistic|medimong e le mentsi]] le tsotlhe mo lefatsheng tsotlhe di amana le bomodimo.<ref name=":0" /><ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/index_section6.shtml An African Story] [[:en:BBC|BBC]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20151102074637/http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/index_section6.shtml Archived] November 2, 2015, at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]].</ref> Karolo ya [[:en:Humanity_(virtue)|motho]] mo ditumelong tseno e tsewa e le go tshela ka kutlwano le tlholego mmogo le lefatshe la semowa.<ref name=":0" /><ref>[https://hts.org.za/index.php/HTS/article/view/341/758#17 What is religion? An African understanding] [https://web.archive.org/web/20160521115514/http://www.hts.org.za/index.php/HTS/article/view/341/758#17 Archived] May 21, 2016, at the Wayback Machine.</ref> == Go anama le go kopana le ditumelo tsa ga Aborahame == Balatedi ba ditumelo tsa setso mo [[Aferika|Afrika]] ba anamisitswe mo mafatsheng a le 43 mme go fopholediwa gore ba feta didikadike di le lekgolo.<ref>''Britannica Book of the Year'' (2003), ''[[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica|Encyclopædia Britannica]]'' (2003) {{ISBN|978-0-85229-956-2}} p.306 According to the ''Encyclopædia Britannica'', as of mid-2002, there were 480,453,000 Christians, 329,869,000 Muslims and 98,734,000 people who practiced traditional religions in Africa. [http://www.bellbookandcandlepublications.com/greenwoodsvillage/gor/islam.php Ian S. Markham, ''A World Religions Reader'' (1996) Cambridge, MA: Blackwell Publishers] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304032618/http://www.bellbookandcandlepublications.com/greenwoodsvillage/gor/islam.php|date=March 4, 2016}} is cited by Morehouse University as giving the mid-1990s figure of 278,250,800 Muslims in Africa, but still as 40.8% of the total. These numbers are estimates, and remain a matter of conjecture (see Amadu Jacky Kaba). The spread of Christianity and Islam in Africa: a survey and analysis of the numbers and percentages of Christians, Muslims and those who practice indigenous religions. ''The Western Journal of Black Studies'', Vol 29, Number 2, (June 2005), discusses the estimations of various almanacs and encyclopedias, placing Britannica's estimate as the most agreed on figure. Notes the figure presented at the [http://www.afrikaworld.net/afrel/Statistics.htm ''World Christian Encyclopedia'', summarized here] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305222924/http://www.afrikaworld.net/afrel/Statistics.htm|date=March 5, 2016}}, as being an outlier. On rates of growth, Islam and Pentecostal Christianity are highest, see: [https://web.archive.org/web/20070521093323/http://www.foreignpolicy.com/story/cms.php?story_id=3835 The List: The World's Fastest-Growing Religions], Foreign Policy, May 2007.</ref><ref>Lugira, Aloysius M., ''African Traditional Religions'' (New York: Chelsea House, 2009), p. 36 [in] Varghese, Roy Abraham, ''Christ Connection: How the World Religions Prepared the Way for the Phenomenon of Jesus'', Paraclete Press (2011), p. 1935, {{ISBN|9781557258397}} [https://books.google.com/books?id=IH8JtLHnFkoC&pg=PA1935] (Retrieved 24 March 2019)</ref> [[:en:Islam_in_Africa|Boislamo]] le [[:en:Christianity_in_Africa|Bakeresiti]], tse gantsi di tlositseng ditumelo tsa setso tsa Aforika, tsotlhe di fetolwa go dumalana le ditso le ditumelo tsa Maaforika. Batho ba le bantsi mo Aforika ba [[:en:Syncretism|kopanya ditumelo]] tsa bone tsa setso le [[:en:Abrahamic_religions|Baebele kgotsa Boislamo.]]<ref>Mbiti, John S (1992). Introduction to African religion. East African Publishers. <nowiki>ISBN 978-0-435-94002-7</nowiki>.When Africans are converted to other religions, they often mix their traditional religion with the one to which they are converted. In this way they are not losing something valuable, but are gaining something from both religious customs</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Riggs |first1=Thomas |year=2006 |title=Worldmark Encyclopedia of Religious Practices: Religions and denominations |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uTMOAQAAMAAJ&q=%22many+African+Christians%22 |publisher=Thomson Gale |isbn=978-0-7876-6612-5 |page=1}}Although a large proportion of Africans have converted to Islam an Christianity, these two world religions have been assimilated into African culture, and many African Christians and Muslims maintain traditional spiritual beliefs</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Gottlieb |first1=Roger S |date=2006-11-09 |title=The Oxford handbook of religion and ecology |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_LldeLvqQNsC&pg=PA266 |publisher=Oxford University Press, USA |isbn=978-0-19-517872-2}}Even in the adopted religions of Islam and Christianity, which on the surface appear to have converted millions of Africans from their traditional religions, many aspect of traditional religions are still manifest</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=US study sheds light on Africa's unique religious mix |url=https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5hpKESvthJtQeyjk57vyzOnY5l9cg |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100425190919/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5hpKESvthJtQeyjk57vyzOnY5l9cg |archive-date=April 25, 2010 |publisher=AFP}}t doesn't seem to be an either-or for many people. They can describe themselves primarily as Muslim or Christian and continue to practice many of the traditions that are characteristic of African traditional religion," Luis Lugo, executive director of the Pew Forum, told AFP.</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Quainoo |first1=Samuel Ebow |date=2000-01-01 |title=In Transitions and consolidation of democracy in Africa |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-IDfqT6589kC&pg=PA40 |publisher=Global Academic |isbn=978-1-58684-040-2}}Even though the two religions are monotheistic, most African Christians and Muslims convert to them and still retain some aspects of their traditional religions</ref>Ditumelo tseno tse pedi tsa Baebele di anametse mo kontinenteng yotlhe ya Aforika, le fa bontsi jwa balatedi ba tsone bo fitlhelwa mo dikgaolong tse di farologaneng. Dikakanyo tsa Baebele, segolobogolo tsotlhe tse di amanang le go dumela mo Modimong a le mongwe fela, di ne tsa simolola go tsena mo ditumelong tsa setso tsa Aforika tse pele di neng di dumela mo medimong e le mentsi.<ref>Encyclopædia Britannica. Britannica Book of the Year 2003. Encyclopædia Britannica, (2003) {{ISBN|9780852299562}} p.306. According to the Encyclopædia Britannica, as of mid-2002, there were 376,453,000 Christians, 329,869,000 Muslims and 98,734,000 people who practiced traditional religions in Africa. [http://www.greenwoodsvillage.com/gor/islam.htm Ian S. Markham,(A World Religions Reader. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishers, 1996.)] is cited by Morehouse University as giving the mid-1990s figure of 278,250,800 Muslims in Africa, but still as 40.8% of the total. These numbers are estimates, and remain a matter of conjecture. See Amadu Jacky Kaba. The spread of Christianity and Islam in Africa: a survey and analysis of the numbers and percentages of Christians, Muslims and those who practice indigenous religions. The Western Journal of Black Studies, Vol 29, Number 2, June 2005. Discusses the estimations of various almanacs and encyclopedium, placing Britannica's estimate as the most agreed figure. Notes the figure presented at the [http://www.afrikaworld.net/afrel/Statistics.htm World Christian Encyclopedia, summarized here], as being an outlier. [[:en:The_World_Book_Encyclopedia|The World Book Encyclopedia]] has estimated that in 2002 Christians formed 40% of the continent's population, with Muslims forming 45%. It was also estimated in 2002 that Christians form 45% of Africa's population, with Muslims forming 40.6%.</ref> Ditumelo tsa setso tsa Bophirima jwa Aforika di leka go tlhaloganya boammaaruri jwa botshelo, mme go farologana le Baebele, ga di ikaege mo dikakanyong tse di siametseng fela. Go na le moo, di leka go tlhalosa tsotlhe tse motho a di itemogelang mo botshelong ka maatla a semowa a a tshegetsang kagiso le tsamaiso e e siameng mo setšhabeng, mme a ganetsana le maatla a a ka tlisang tlhakatlhakano le tshenyo.<ref>Ajayi, J. F. Ade (1976). History of West Africa. Internet Archive. New York : Columbia University Press. pp. 100–101. <nowiki>ISBN 978-0-231-04103-4</nowiki>.</ref> Balatedi ba ditumelo tsa setso tsa Aforika ba fitlhelwa gape mo mafatsheng a le mantsi mo lefatsheng. Mo dinakong tsa bosheng, ditumelo tse di jaaka tumelo ya Baebele ya [[:en:Yoruba_religion|Yoruba]], tumelo ya [[:en:Odinala|Odinala]] (e leng tumelo ya setso ya Ba-[[:en:Odinala|Igbo]]), le Gaboism<ref>GT Obadiah, Gaboism, 2023, Brobadiah and Publishing House, Bwari, FCT-Abuja</ref> di ntse di gola ka bonako. Ditumelo tsa Ba-Igbo le BaYoruba di tumile thata kwa Caribbean le mo dikarolong dingwe tsa Amerika Bogare le Amerika Borwa. Kwa United States of America, tumelo ya Voodoo e bonala thata mo dinageng tse di bapileng le Kgogometso ya Mexico (Gulf of Mexico).<ref>GT Obadiah, Gaboism, 2023, Brobadiah and Publishing House, Bwari, FCT-Abuja</ref> == Dilo tsa motheo == [[Setshwantsho:Ganvie_Voodoo_Dancer_(21596115932).jpg|thumb| Motantshi wa setso wa Vodun yo o kgatlhang medimo le meya, kwa Ganvie, kwa Benin]] [[Setshwantsho:Début_de_pas_de_danse_du_Zangbéto_-_Bénin.jpg|thumb| Moletlo wa selegae kwa Benin o o nang le zangbeto]]Ditumelo tsa setso tsa Aforika tse di raraaneng thata tse di ikaegileng ka tumelo ya gore tsotlhe mo tlholegong di na le mowa ke tsone motheo wa kgopolo ya ditumelo tsa setso tsa Aforika. Seno se akaretsa kobamelo ya medimo e e sireletsang batho kgotsa ditšhaba, kobamelo ya tlholego, go tlotla badimo le tumelo ya botshelo morago ga loso, e e tshwanang le ya ditumelo tse dingwe tsa setso mo lefatsheng. Le fa ditumelo dingwe di na le pono ya gore dilo tsotlhe di amana le bomodimo, di dumela mo Modimong yo Mogolo mmogo le medimo e mengwe le meoya, fa tse dingwe di latela tsamaiso ya go dumela mo medimong e le mentsi, meoyeng le dibopiweng tse dingwe tsa semowa.<ref name=":1" /> Ditumelo tsa setso tsa Aforika gape di na le dikarolo tsa ditotem, bošamane le go tlotla dilo tse di boitshepo tse di tlogetsweng ke bagologolo.<ref>Asukwo (2013). "The Need to Re-Conceptualize African Traditional Religion".</ref> Ditumelo tsa setso tsa Aforika, fela jaaka ditso tse dingwe tsa bogologolo mo lefatsheng, di ne di ikaegile ka dipolelo tsa molomo. Ditso tseno ga se melao ya bodumedi fela, mme ke boitshupo jwa setso jo bo fetisiwang ka dipolelo, mainane le dikgang tsa bogologolo go tswa mo kokomaneng e nngwe go ya go e nngwe. Setšhaba, lelapa la motho le tikologo di na le seabe se segolo mo botshelong jwa motho. Balatedi ba dumela mo kaelong le dithutong tsa meoya ya badimo ba bone. Mo ditumelong di le dintsi tsa setso tsa Aforika, go na le baeteledipele ba semowa le mefuta ya baperesiti ba ba botlhokwa mo go tsweletseng botshelo jwa semowa le jwa bodumedi jwa setšhaba. Gape go na le batho ba ba nang le bokgoni jwa semowa ba ba ikarabelang mo kalafing le mo go boneleng pele dilo kgotsa go naya kgakololo, e leng tiro e e tshwanang le ya bošamane. Dingaka tseno tsa setso di tshwanetse go bidiwa ke badimo kgotsa medimo gore di dire tiro ya tsone. Di tsena mo thutong e e gagametseng mme di ithuta bokgoni jo bontsi jo bo tlhokegang, go akaretsa tiriso ya ditlhare tsa tlholego mo kalafing le bokgoni jo bongwe jwa semowa, jaaka go bona sengwe se se fitlhilweng le fa di sa itse gore se fitlhilwe kae. Ditumelo tsa setso tsa Aforika di dumela gore badimo ba tswelela ba na le kamano ya semowa le ba losika lwa bone ba ba tshelang. Bontsi jwa meoya ya badimo bo tsewa e le molemo e bile bo na le bopelonomi. Ditiro tse di sa siamang tse di dirwang ke meoya ya badimo di ka baka malwetse a mannye e le tlhagiso ya gore batho ba fapogile tsela e e siameng. Matshwao a mangwe a tlhagiso a ka nna go runya ga malwetse, mme seno se dira gore batho ba lemoge gore ba kgopisitse medimo kgotsa badimo<ref>"African Traditional Religion | South African History Online". www.sahistory.org.za. Retrieved 2021-06-19.</ref>. Ditumelo tsa setso tsa Seaforika di ikaegile thata ka go tlotla badimo, tumelo ya gore go na le lefatshe la meoya, dibopiwa tsa semowa le kgololesego ya motho ya go itlhophela (go farologana le kgopolo ya tumelo e e neng ya tlhagelela moragonyana). Batho ba ba tlhokafetseng (mmogo le diphologolo kgotsa dilo tsa botlhokwa) ba dumelwa gore ba santse ba le teng mo lefatsheng la meoya mme ba ka ama kgotsa ba dirisana le lefatshe la batho ba ba tshelang. Mekgwa ya go dumela mo medimong e le mentsi e ne e anametse thata mo bontsing jwa dikarolo tsa Aforika ya bogologolo le dikarolo tse dingwe tsa lefatshe pele Boislamo, Bokeresete le Sejuta di tsena. Nngwe ya dilo tse di neng di sa tlwaelega e ne e le bodumedi jwa go dumela mo Modimong a le mongwe jo bo neng jwa tlhamiwa ke Faro Akhenaten ka nako e khutshwane, yo o neng a pateletsa batho go rapela modimo wa gagwe Aten (bona Atenism).<ref>Hornung, Erik (2001). Akhenaten and the religion of light. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press. <nowiki>ISBN 0-8014-8725-0</nowiki>. OCLC 48417401. </ref> Phetogo eno e e gakgamatsang mo bodumeding jwa setso jwa Egepeto e ne ya fetolwa gape ke morwawe yo mmotlana, Tutankbhamun. <ref>Hexham, Irvin ((1981), ''Lord of the Sky-King of the earth: Zulu Traditional Religion and Belief in the Skrelicsy God'', Sciences Religieuses Studies in Religion, vol. 10: 273-78)</ref><ref>Busia, K. A. (1963). "Has the distinction between primitive and higher religions any sociological significance ?". ''Archives de sciences sociales des religions''. '''16''' (1): 22–25. doi:10.3406/assr.1963.1996.</ref><ref>Peterson, Olof. "Foreigen influences on the idea of God in African religions". </ref><ref name=":3">Okwu AS (1979). "Life, Death, Reincarnation, and Traditional Healing in Africa". Issue: A Journal of Opinion. 9 (3): 19–24. doi:10.2307/1166258. JSTOR 1166258. </ref>Medimo e megolo, mmogo le medimo e mengwe e e nang le ditiro tse di kgethegileng, meoya ya badimo, meoya ya mafelo le dibopiwa tsa semowa, ke dikarolo tse di tlwaelegileng mo ditumelong tsa setso tsa Aforika, mme di bontsha setso se se raraaneng le se se tsweletseng pele sa Aforika ya bogologolo<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4">Stanton, Andrea L. (2012). ''Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia, and Africa: An Encyclopedia''. SAGE. ISBN&#x20;<bdi>978-1-4129-8176-7</bdi>.</ref><ref>Baldick, Julian (1997). Black God: the Afroasiatic roots of the Jewish, Christian, and Muslim religions. Syracuse University Press:ISBN</ref>. Dipatlisiso dingwe di bontsha gore dikgopolo dingwe tsa go dumela mo Modimong a le mongwe, jaaka tumelo mo Modimong yo Mogolo kgotsa maatleng a magolo (mmogo le medimo e mengwe e mentsi, dibopiwa tsa semowa le meoya e ka dinako dingwe e tsewang e le batsereganyi magareng ga batho le Mmopi), di ne di setse di le teng mo Aforika pele ga go tlhagoga ga ditumelo tsa Baebele. Le fa go ntse jalo, dikgopolo tseno tsa setso sa selegae di ne di farologane le tumelo ya Modimo a le mongwe e e fitlhelwang mo ditumelong tsa Baebele.<ref name=":3" /><ref>''The Civilizations of Africa: A History to 1800'', by Christopher Ehret, James Currey, 2002</ref><ref>Ehret, Christopher (November 2004). "A Conversation with Christopher Ehret". World History Connected (Interview). Interviewed by Laichas, Tom. Retrieved 30 May 2020. (Citation with date provided here)</ref><ref name=":4" /> [[Setshwantsho:Koku_Dancer.jpg|thumb| Motantshi wa setso wa Koku]] Kalafi ya setso ya Seaforika le yone e amana ka tlhamalalo le ditumelo tsa setso tsa Aforika. Go ya ka Clemmont E. Vontress, ditumelo tse di farologaneng tsa setso tsa Aforika di kopanngwa ke tumelo ya motheo ya gore tsotlhe mo tlholegong di na le mowa. Go ya ka ene, tumelo mo meoyeng le mo badimong ke yone karolo e e botlhokwa thata ya ditumelo tsa Aforika. Medimo e ka tswa e itlhagisitse ka boyone kgotsa e ka tswa e tlhageletse go tswa mo meoyeng kgotsa mo badimong ba batho ba neng ba simolola go ba obamela. Gape o tlhalosa gore bontsi jwa ditumelo tsa segompieno tsa setso tsa Aforika di tlhotlheleditswe thata ke ditumelo tse e seng tsa Aforika, segolobogolo Bokeresete le Boislamo, mme ka ntlha ya moo di ka farologana le mefuta ya tsone ya bogologolo.<ref name=":2" /> Ditumelo tsa setso tsa Aforika gantsi di dumela mo botshelong morago ga loso (lefatshe la meoya kgotsa mafelo a semowa, kwa meoya mmogo le medimo di nnang gone), mme tse dingwe gape di na le kgopolo ya go tsalwa gape, moo batho ba ba tlhokafetseng ba ka tsalwang gape mo losikeng lwa bone (losika lwa madi), fa ba eletsa jalo kgotsa ba sa ntse ba na le sengwe se ba tshwanetseng go se diragatsa.<ref>Ndemanu, Michael T. (January 2018). "Traditional African religions and their influences on the worldviews of Bangwa people of Cameroon". ''Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad''. '''30'''. Ball State University; Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad: 70–84. doi:10.36366/frontiers.v30i1.405. <q>There is an unwavering belief in life after death in traditional African religions with some even believing in reincarnation...</q></ref> Kgopolo ya Serer ya go tsalwa gape e gana mogopolo wa gore Modimo yo Mogolo le Mmopi, Roog, a ka tsalwa kgotsa a boe a tsalwe gape. Le fa go ntse jalo, go tsalwa gape ga Pangool kgotsa meoya go dumelwa thata mo semoweng sa Baserer.<ref>Faye, Louis Diène, "Mort et Naissance Le Monde Sereer." Les Nouvelles Edition Africaines (1983), pp. 9-10, 71-2, ISBN</ref> Go na le go tshwana gantsi mo gare ga ditumelo tsa setso tsa Aforika tse di fitlhelwang mo kgaolong e le nngwe. Sekao, mo Aforika Bogare, go na le ditso tsa bodumedi tse di tshwanang mo dinageng tsa Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Burundi, Zambia le Malawi<ref name=":5">Salamone, Frank A. (2004). Levinson, David (ed.). ''Encyclopedia of Religious Rites, Rituals, and Festivals''. New York: Routledge. p.&#x20;5. ISBN&#x20;<bdi>0-415-94180-6</bdi>.</ref>. Batho ba ba salang morago ditumelo tsa setso mo dinageng tseno gantsi ba tlotla le go obamela badimo ka go dira meetlo le meletlo, gape ba obamela lefatshe kgotsa modimo mongwe ka ditlhopha tsa kobamelo tsa kgaolo ("regional cults") kgotsa mafelo a a boitshepo ("shrine cults"), ka go latelana.<ref name=":5" /> Jacob Olupona, porofesa wa Mo-Nigeria le Mo-Amerika yo o ithutang ka ditumelo tsa setso tsa Aforika kwa Harvard University, o ne a sobokanya ditumelo tsotlhe tsa setso tsa Aforika e le ditso tsotlhe tsa bodumedi tse di raraaneng tse di ikaegileng mo tumelong ya gore tsotlhe mo tlholegong di na le mowa, le tsotlhe tse di neng di dirisiwa ke batho ba Aforika pele ga go tla ga Bokeresete le Boislamo mo Aforika. Go tlotla badimo go ntse go na le seabe se segolo mo ditsong tsa setso tsa Aforika, mme go ka tsewa e le mokokotlo wa tsela e Maaforika a lebang lefatshe ka yone. Badimo (mewa ya bagologolwane ba ba tlhokafetseng) ke karolo e e botlhokwa ya tsotlhe tse di leng teng. Ka kakaretso go dumelwa gore badimo ba nna mo lefatsheng la badimo (spirit world), le fa bangwe ba dumela gore badimo bangwe ba fitlha mo maatleng a a lekanang le a medimo.<ref name=":6">Chiorazzi, Anthony (2015-10-06). "The spirituality of Africa". ''Harvard Gazette''. Retrieved 2020-11-30.</ref> Pharologanyo fa gare ga medimo le badimo gantsi e a ganetsanwa kgotsa e farologana go ya ka ditso le ditumelo. Le fa go ntse jalo, ka kakaretso go dumelwa gore badimo ba tshela mo seemong se se kwa godimo go feta batho ba ba tshelang, e bile ba na le bokgoni jwa go naya ditlogolwana tsa bone ditshegofatso kgotsa malwetse. Badimo ba ka naya ditlogolwana tsa bone kgakololo, masego, lesego le tlotlo, mme gape ba ka dira tsotlhe dingwe, jaaka go batla gore mafelo a bone a a boitshepo a tlhokomelwe sentle le gore ba newe ditlhabelo kgotsa ditshupo tsa tlotlo ka mokgwa o o tshwanetseng. Tumelo mo badimong gape e bontsha gore semowa sa setso sa Aforika se akaretsa tsotlhe, ka gonne se dumela gore bagologolwane ba ba tlhokafetseng ba sa ntse ba na le seabe mo matshelong a ditlogolwana tsa bone tse di sa ntseng di tshela. Olupona ga a dumalane le tlhaloso ya Bophirima le ya Boislamo ya bodumedi jwa modimo a le mongwe (monotheism), a re ga e kgone go tlhalosa sentle go raraana ga ditumelo tsa setso tsa Aforika e bile e di nolofatsa go feta kafa di leng ka gone. Le fa ditso dingwe di dumela mo Modimong yo Mogolo (mmogo le medimo e mengwe), tse dingwe ga di dire jalo. Ka jalo, bodumedi jwa modimo a le mongwe ga bo bontshe ditsela tsotlhe tse di farologaneng tse semowa sa setso sa Aforika se tlhalosang medimo, medingwana le mewa ka tsone. O sobokanya ka gore ditumelo tsa setso tsa Aforika ga se ditumelo fela, mme gape ke tsela ya go leba lefatshe, le mokgwa wa botshelo.<ref name=":6" /> == Meletlo ya bodumedi == [[Setshwantsho:West_african_religion.jpg|thumb| Kgotlatshekelo ya bodumedi kwa borwa jwa Ghana]]Ditlwaelo tsa bodumedi tsa Aforika Bophirima le Aforika Bogare gantsi di bonala mo meletlong ya setšhaba kgotsa mo mekgweng ya bonohe, moo maloko a setšhaba a amogelwang ke maatla a semowa (a a bidiwang ashe, nyama, kgotsa ka maina a mangwe go ya ka setso). Ka ntlha ya morethetho o o tswelelang wa meropa kgotsa wa dipina, batsayakarolo ba ka tsena mo seemong sa go akanya ka botebo kgotsa go tsenwa ke semowa. Mongwe wa meletlo eno ya bodumedi e e dirwang kwa Gabon le Cameroon ke Okuyi, e e dirisiwang ke merafe e le mmalwa ya Bantu. Mo seemong seno, go ikaegile ka kgaolo, morethetho wa meropa kgotsa wa diletswa tsa mmino o o letswang ke badiredi ba mmino ba ba tlotlegang (mme morethetho mongwe le mongwe o amana le modimo kgotsa modimo mongwe), o dira gore batsayakarolo ba tsenwe ke modimo kgotsa modimo, kgotsa ba bontshe maatla a semowa kgotsa seemo sengwe sa mogopolo ka go dira metsamao kgotsa metantsho ya meetlo e e kgethegileng, e e oketsang seemo sa bone sa go itemogela tsotlhe tsa semowa.<ref>Karade, B. ''The Handbook of Yoruba Religious Concepts'', pages&#x20;39–46. Samuel Weiser Inc, 1994</ref> Fa seemo seno se se tshwanang le go tsenwa ke semowa se bonwa le go tlhaloganngwa, balatedi ba bodumedi joo ba kgona go akanyisisa ka botebo ka ga tsela e semowa kgotsa mogopolo o o rileng o iponatsang ka yone. Seno se ba thusa go farologanya maikutlo a a tlisiwang ke seemo seo sa mogopolo le tsela e a iponatsang ka yone mo botshelong jwa letsatsi le letsatsi. Go farologanya seno le go akanyisisa ka ga tlholego le metswedi ya maatla kgotsa maikutlo ao go thusa batsayakarolo go a laola le go a amogela fa a tlhagelela mo botshelong jwa gale. Seno se ba thusa gape go laola le go fetola maatla ao gore a bonale ka boitshwaro, megopolo le puo tse di siameng le tse di amogelesegang mo setsong sa bone. Mo godimo ga moo, mokgwa ono o ka dira gore batho ba ba leng mo seemong seno ba bue mafoko a a ka tlhalosiwang ke mongwe yo o nang le kitso ya setso kgotsa senoge, mme tlhaloso eo e ka naya kaelo ka ga tsela e e tshwanetseng e setšhaba kgotsa motho ka bongwe a ka e tsayang go fitlhelela maikaelelo a sona kgotsa a gagwe.<ref>Annemarie De Waal Malefijt (1968) ''Religion and Culture: an Introduction to Anthropology of Religion'', p.&#x20;220–249, Macmillan</ref> == Meya ==   ''Setlhogo se segolo: [[:en:List_of_African_mythological_figures|Lenaneo la batho ba ditlhamane tsa Maafrika]]'' [[Setshwantsho:Statuette_protectrice_nkisi,_71.1892.52.2,_Musée_du_quai_Branly.jpg|thumb| Nkisi nkondi wa Bakongo . Ke setlhotshwana sa nkisi, dilo tse go dumelwa gore di agiwa ke meya, tse di tlwaelegileng go ralala Congo Basin .]]Balatedi ba ditumelo tsa setso tsa Aforika ba rapela mewa e e farologaneng mmogo le badimo ba bone.<ref>"The spirituality of Africa". ''Harvard Gazette''. 2015-10-06. Retrieved 2019-10-31.</ref> Seno se akaretsa gape mewa ya tlholego, mewa ya dilo tsa tlholego tse di jaaka metsi, molelo, phefo le lefatshe, le mewa ya diphologolo. Gantsi pharologanyo fa gare ga mewa e e nang le maatla le medimo ga e bonale sentle. Ditšhaba tsotlhe tse dintsi tsa Aforika di dumela mo medimong e megolo e le mmalwa le mo medimong e mennye le meweng e mentsi. Le fa go ntse jalo, go na le ditumelo dingwe tse di dumelang mo Modimong a le mongwe yo Mogolo, jaaka Chukwu, Nyame, Olodumare, Ngai le Roog. <ref>Willie F. Page (2001) ''Encyclopedia of African History and Culture'', Volume 1, p. 55. Published by Facts on File, ISBN</ref>Ditumelo dingwe gape di amogela tumelo ya modimo wa monna le modimo wa mosadi ba ba busang mmogo, jaaka Mawu-Lisa.<ref>Peter C. Rogers (2009) ''Ultimate Truth'', Book 1, p100. Published by AuthorHouse, ISBN</ref> Ditumelo tsa setso tsa Aforika gantsi di dumela mo botshelong morago ga loso, le mo lefatsheng le le lengwe kgotsa a le mantsi a semowa. Go obamela le go tlotla badimo ke mogopolo wa botlhokwa o o fitlhelwang mo e ka nnang mo ditumelong tsotlhe tsa Aforika. Ditumelo dingwe tsa setso tsa Aforika di fetotse kgotsa tsa amogela dikakanyo dingwe tse disha ka ntlha ya tlhotlheletso ya Boislamo kgotsa le ya Bohindu.<ref>Parrinder, E. G. (1959). "Islam and West African Indigenous Religion". ''Numen''. '''6''' (2): 130–141. doi:10.2307/3269310. ISSN&#x20;0029-5973. JSTOR&#x20;3269310.</ref><ref>Ndemanu, Michael T. (January 2018). "Traditional African religions and their influences on the worldviews of Bangwa people of Cameroon". ''Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad''. '''30''': 70–84. doi:10.36366/frontiers.v30i1.405.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Masques_BaKongo.JPG|thumb| Dimaseke tsa Bakongo go tswa kwa Kongo Bogare]] [[Setshwantsho:Early_20th_century_Yoruba_divination_board.jpg|thumb| Boto ya go bolelela pele ya Bayoruba ya mo tshimologong ya lekgolo la bo20 la dingwaga]] [[Setshwantsho:Sangoma_reading_the_Bones.jpg|left|thumb| [[Dingaka tsa setso tsa Borwa jwa Aforika|Ngaka ya setso ya Aforika Borwa]] e dira boitseanape ka go buisa marapo]] 129y7xxz79qww7kvaw9vci9gqr9tsa0 0 14689 53548 53309 2026-07-29T10:17:29Z JudithShe 9421 Ke baakantse thanolo ya tsebe e le go tsenya infobox #Wikipedia25BW 53548 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Caitlin Davies|birth_date=Mopitlo a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa 1964|birth_place=[[England]]|occupation=Mokwadi, morutabana|relatives=[[Margaret Forster]] (mmaagwe) [[Hunter Davies]] (rraagwe)}} '''Caitlin Davies''' (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e le malatsi a marataro ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bone (1964) ke mokwadi wa Moesemane, mokwaladitso mmegadikgang le morutabana. O kwadile dibuka di le mmalwa ka hisetori ya loago le hisetori ya basadi. Dithuto tsa gagwe tsa hisitori di bua thata ka batho ba ba neng ba thuma, magolegwa a basadi, dikebekwa tsa basadi le batlhatlhobi ba ba ikemetseng ba basadi. == Lelapa le botshelo jwa pele == Caitlin Davies o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e le borataro ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bone (1964), morwadia Hunter Davies le Margaret Forster, bobedi jwa bone e le bakwadi ba ba itsegeng.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-35520860 BBC: Author Margaret Forster dies from cancer aged 77] (accessed 8 February 2016)</ref> Hunter Davies o ne a kwala ka metlha ka ga Caitlin le morwarragwe Jake le kgaitsadie Flora mo makasineng wa Punch o o neng o gatisiwa mo dingwageng tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa (1970), a ba naya lesedi ka tsela e ba godisitsweng ka yone. Mo bosheng jwa gagwe, Auberon Waugh o ne a tlhola a bua ka ene mo diary ya gagwe ya Private Eye, koo a neng a dira letsholo la go batla gore a nyalwe ke Kgosana Charles. == Botshelo kwa Botswana == Davies o ne a amana le Botswana go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe (1990) fa a ne a kopana le monna wa gagwe, yo e neng e le Mopalamente wa Botswana Ronald Ridge, fa a ne a ithutela dikirii ya Master ya Seesimane kwa Yunibesithing ya Clark, Worcester, Massachusetts. O ne a fudugela kwa Botswana mme a dira jaaka morutabana, mme morago a nna mmegadikgang yo o ikemetseng, o ne a kwalela lekwalodikgang la ntlha la Botswana la The Voice mme morago a nna morulaganyi wa The Okavango Newspaper. O ne a tshwarwa gabedi e le mmegadikgang, gangwe ka ntlha ya "go baka poifo le go tshosa", mme a se ka a bonwa molato. Ka ngwaga wa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi (2000), o ne a amogela sekgele go tswa go Media Institute of Southern Africa (MISA) "go lebogelwa tiro ya gagwe ya bobegakgang e e tlhomameng le e e tlhomologileng". Fa a ntse a nna kwa Botswana, Davies o ne a kwala buka ya Jamestown Blues le buka ya hisitori ya The Return of El Negro. E re ka a ile a tlhaselwa ka tsela e e setlhogo le go betelelwa, o ne a dira dipatlisiso ka thubakanyo ya mo lelapeng kwa Botswana. E ne e le mongwe wa bathei ba Women Against Rape (WAR) kwa [[Maun]]. == Go Boela Kwa Engelane == Davies o ne a boela kwa Engelane le morwadie morago ga go tlhalana le monna wa gagwe mme a gatisa buka e e buang ka maitemogelo a gagwe, e e bidiwang Place of Reeds (2005). Davies ke mokwadi wa dibuka di le thataro; Jamestown Blues (1996), Black Mulberries (2008), Friends Like Us (2009), The Ghost of Lily Painter (2011), Family Likeness (2013), le Daisy Belle: Swimming Champion of the World (2018). Davies o kwadile buka e e nang le ditshwantsho e e seng ya ditlhamane e e buang ka matamo a go thuma le di-lido kwa Hampstead Heath,<ref>Cadwalladr, Carole (19 May 2012). [https://www.theguardian.com/books/2012/may/20/taking-waters-hampstead-heath-ponds-review "Taking the Waters by Caitlin Davies – review".] ''The Observer''. ISSN&#x20;0029-7712. Retrieved 26 June 2020.</ref> Taking the Waters: a swim around Hampstead Heath, le hisetori ya loago ya Camden Lock (2013). Tiro ya gagwe e tlhageletse mo The Sunday Times, The Daily Telegraph, The Mail on Sunday, Town and Country le Tate Etc. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015), buka ya ga Davies ya non-fiction ya Downstream: a history and celebration of swimming the River Thames e ne ya phasaladiwa. E ne ya tlhalosiwa ke The Independent e le ditso tse re kgatlhisang tsa setso".<ref>Caitlin Davies (2 April 2015). ''Downstream: [https://books.google.com/books?id=dBHwBwAAQBAJ&pg=PT292 A History and Celebration of Swimming the River Thames]''[https://books.google.com/books?id=dBHwBwAAQBAJ&pg=PT292 . Aurum Press.] pp.&#x20;292–. ISBN&#x20;<bdi>978-1-78131-488-3</bdi>.</ref> E ne ya felela ka go thuma ga dibeke di le tharo kwa Thames kwa Musiamong wa London. Buka ya ga Davies ya non-fiction, Bad Girls, ke ditso tsa Kgolegelo ya Holloway kwa bokone jwa Lontone, e e kileng ya bo e le kgolegelo e kgolo ya basadi kwa Yuropa Bophirima. E ne e le mo lenaaneng le le telele la sekgele sa Orwell Prize for Political Writing 2019.<ref>[https://www.orwellfoundation.com/the-orwell-prizes/2019-prize/longlists/ "Longlists &#x7C; the Orwell Foundation".]</ref> Buka ya ga Davies ya Queens of the Underworld: a journey into the lives of female crooks e ne ya phasaladiwa ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bongwe (2021).<ref>[https://www.thebookseller.com/news/history-press-signs-book-forgotten-female-gangsters-1081411 "History Press lands journey into life of forgotten female gangsters &#x7C; the Bookseller".]</ref> O amogetse thuso go tswa kwa The Author's Foundation, e e tsamaisiwang ke Mokgatlho wa Bakwadi, go batlisisa buka eno. Buka ya gagwe ya bofelo ke Private Inquiries: [[The Secret History of Female Sleuths]], e e gatisitsweng ke The History Press ka ngwaga wa diketse tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro (2023). Go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014) go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bosupa (2017), Davies o ne a dira jaaka Molekane wa Letlole la Bokwaledi la Royal kwa Yunibesithing ya Westminster. O ne a dira jaaka RLF Fellow kwa Victoria & Albert Museum le kwa Science Museum go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019) go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi (2020).<ref>[https://www.rlf.org.uk/fellowships/caitlin-davies/ "Caitlin Davies".] ''The Royal Literary Fund''.</ref> Ga jaana ke Mokwadi wa Molekane kwa Kent & Medway NHS le Social Care Partnership Trust. == Dikgatiso == * Jamestown Blues.Lontone; kwa New York: penguin, ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le borataro. == Metswedi == 03bht84f4btgtmu4ubrx4jvp3yonu97 0 14695 53479 53333 2026-07-28T13:44:57Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53479 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lefelo la Metshameko la Usain Bolt''' ke lefelo la metshameko kwa khamphaseng ya Cavehill ya Yunibesithi ya kwa bophirima kwa Indies,kwa Barbados le le nang le lebala le le nang le setifikeiti sa (IAAF),le lebala la kgwele ya dinao le le nang le setifikeiti sa (FIFA),Moago o o raraaneng o akaretsa lebala la ga Ryan Brathwaite, lefelo la ga Obadele Thompson le lefelo la ga Kirani James,botlhe e le baatlelete ba ba tlhageletseng ba naga ya kwa Caribbean. Go tewa ga lefelo leno la metshameko leina go ne ga kgalwa ke batho bangwe ba Barbados ka gonne le ne le reeletswe ka moatlelete wa Jamaica, e bong Usain Bolt,go na le go rewa ka moatlelete wa Barbados.Mogokgo wa Yunibesiti,e leng Sir Hilary Beckles o rile go newa leina go ne go sa ikaelela go kgaphela batshameki ba Barbadian kwa thoko mme tshwetso e ne e ikaeletse go nna kgato e e neng e kaya go "keteka Baindia botlhe ba kwa Bophirima". O ne gape a oketsa ka gore yunibesithi ga se ya Barbados fela ka jalo "kganetsano ka Barbados, Jamaica kgotsa Trinidad" e ne e sa tshwanela go tlhagisiwa <ref>{{Cite news|title=Unease in Barbados over decision to name Cave Hill sports complex after Usain Bolt|url=http://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/news/20150102/unease-barbados-over-decision-name-cave-hill-sports-complex-after-usain-bolt|access-date=3 July 2015|publisher=The Gleaner|date=2 January 2015}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=No Bajan Snub|url=http://www.nationnews.com/nationnews/news/61536/bajan-snub|access-date=3 July 2015|publisher=Nation News|date=2 January 2015|archivedate=6 August 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806073821/http://www.nationnews.com/nationnews/news/61536/bajan-snub}}</ref>{{Reflist}} 9rq7n19rywwoy39j6pfxkxhsvyg7ga3 0 14696 53500 53341 2026-07-28T16:54:10Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53500 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Lydia Nyati-Ramahobo|image=Lydia Nyati-Ramahobo died 2025.jpg|birth_date=Phalane a le masome a mabedi le bone ngwaga wa 1957|birth_place=[[Botswana]]|death_date=Motsheganonga robabongwe ngwaga wa 2025|alma mater=[[University of Pennsylvania]]|occupation=Moitseanape wa dipuo, moolwela di tshwanelo|employer=[[Mmadikolo wa Botswana]]|organization=Lekgotla la Kamanakao}} '''Lydia Nyati-Ramahobo''' (o o tshotsweng ka Phalane a le masome mabedi le bone ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a matlhano le bosupa – a tlhokafala ka Motsheganong a robabngwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome mabedi le botlhano), a itsege gape ka leina la '''Lydia Saleshando''', e ne e le moitseanape wa dipuo le molweladitshwanelo wa ngwao wa merafe e e seng ya [[Batswana]] le morafe wa [[Wayeyi]]. E ne e le leloko le le tlhamileng lekgotla la Kamanakao. == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Nyati-Ramahobo o tshotswe ka Phalane a le masome mabedi le bone ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le bosupa mo Botswana.<ref name=":0">Pelontle, Kedirebofe (19 May 2025). "[https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/86460 Nyati-Ramahobo laid to rest".] ''Daily News Botswana''. Retrieved 27 July 2026</ref> O ithutetse di masters le PhD ya kitso ya dipuo kwa [[University of Pennsylvania]] kwa Philadelphia, [[USA|United States,]]<ref name=":1">[https://1000peacewomen.org/en/network/1000-peacewomen/lydia-nyati-ramahobo-1997 "Lydia Nyati-Ramahobo".] ''PeaceWomen Across the Globe''. 2005. Retrieved 27 July 2026</ref> a aloga ka doctorate ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le motso.<ref name=":2">Baldauf, Richard B.; Kaplan, Robert B. (2004). [https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Language_Planning_and_Policy_in_Africa/nVrsAmvjhNQC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Lydia+Nyati-Ramahobo&pg=PT1&printsec=frontcover ''Language Planning and Policy in Africa''.] Multilingual Matters. p.&nbsp;282. ISBN&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-85359-725-1|<bdi>978-1-85359-725-1</bdi>.]]</ref> Nyati-Ramahobo o berekile kwa [[Mmadikolo wa Botswana]]<ref name=":3">Shone, Irene (21 May 2025). [https://www.pressreader.com/botswana/the-midweek-sun/20250521/281689735723817 "Academic giant falls, but"]. ''The Midweek Sun''. Retrieved 27 July 2026</ref> e le tlhogo ya lephata la thuto go tswa kwa moding gape e le moeteledipele wa lephata la thuto.<ref name=":2" /> Nyati-Ramahobo e ne e le leloko le modulasetilo wa lekgotla la Kamanakao,<ref>Melber, Henning (2003). [https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Limits_to_Liberation_in_Southern_Africa/K3-OAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=Lydia+Nyati-Ramahobo&dq=Lydia+Nyati-Ramahobo&printsec=frontcover ''Limits to Liberation in Southern Africa: The Unfinished Business of Democratic Consolidation''.] HSRC Press. p.&nbsp;108. ISBN&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7969-2025-6|<bdi>978-0-7969-2025-6</bdi>.]]</ref> le le tlhamilweng ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le botlhano, setlhopha sa ditshwanelo tsa puo le ngwao ya morafe wa Wayeyi, se tlhabolola puo ya Seyeyi, le go somarela ngwao boswa ya bone.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /> Le ntswa morafe wa Wayeyi batho ba one ba le bantsi mo Botswana, puo ya bone ke e potlana.<ref name=":2" /> O gatisitse buka ya ''The National Language: A Resource or a Problem? The Implementation of the Language Policy of Botswana'' ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le motso.<ref>[https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14664200108668020 "Book Reviews".] ''Current Issues in Language Planning''. '''2''' (1): 119–132. 2001. doi:[https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14664200108668020 10.1080/14664200108668020.] ISSN[https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:1466-4208 &nbsp;1466-4208.] Retrieved 27 July 2026</ref><ref>Nyati-Saleshando, Lydia (16 February 2016). [https://www.macrothink.org/journal/index.php/jse/article/view/8243 "Cultural Diversity and African Language Education: The Role of Urbanization and Globalization"]. ''Journal of Studies in Education''. '''6''' (1): 160–170. doi:[https://www.macrothink.org/journal/index.php/jse/article/view/8243 10.5296/jse.v6i1.8243. ISSN&nbsp;2162-6952]. Retrieved 27 July 2026</ref> Nyati-Ramahobo o ne gape a ntsha matshwenyego ka melao ya puso ya go tsenya merafe e mebotlana mo go e metona<ref>Modise, Oliver (25 June 2007). [https://allafrica.com/stories/200706260734.html "Botswana: Appointed Chiefs Fake - Ramahobo".] ''Mmegi''. Retrieved 27 July 2026 &#x2013; via allAfrica.com.</ref>, dipotso tsa merafe tsa difomo tsa sepodisi,<ref>letsididi, Bashi (20 March 2009). [https://allafrica.com/stories/200903231378.html "Botswana: O Mo Kae? It Still Matters!".] ''Mmegi''. Retrieved 27 July 2026 &#x2013; via allAfrica.com.</ref> le go kgetholola tsamaiso ya tshekatsheko m,orago ga loso lwa ga Kgosikgolo, Shikati Calvin Kamanakao, o a neng a sa lemogiwe ke puso ka nako ya loso lwa gagwe.<ref>[https://minorityrights.org/botswana-tribal-coalition-calls-for-end-to-assimilationist-policies/?ki-cf-botcl=1 "Botswana tribal coalition calls for end to 'assimilationist policies'".] ''Minority Rights Group Blog''. 15 March 2004. Retrieved 27 July 2026</ref> Go ya ka maiteko a go lwela se ga ga Nyati-Ramahobo, tiro ya lekgotla la Kamanakao le go bereka mmogo ga merafe, [[puso ya Botswana]] e ne ya tlhoma [[thomo ya ga Balopi]] go sekaseka kgethololo le go ntshafatsa dikgaolo tsa masome a supa le bosupa, masome a supa le borobabobedi le masome a supa le borobabongwe tsa [[molaomotheo wa Botswana]]. <ref name=":2" />Thomo e ne ya lemoga fa ka fa House of the Chiefs e dirilweng ka teng e morago e neng ya fetolwa leina go nna Ntlo ya Dikgosi, go ka kgetholola, le gore [[Molao wa Bogosi (Botswana)|molao wa Bogosi]] o ne wa fetisiwa go tsibogela se.<ref>Sharma, Keshav C. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160719191948/http://dspace.ucalgary.ca/bitstream/1880/48426/24/UofCPress_AfricanChieftaincy_2011_Chapter16.pdf "The Role of the House of Chiefs (Ntlo ya Dikgosi) in Botswana"] (PDF). In Ray, Donald I.; Quinlan, Tim; Sharma, Keshav; Clarke, Tacita A. O. (eds.). ''Reinventing African Chieftaincy in the Age of AIDS, Gender, Governance, and Development'' (PDF). Vol.&nbsp;8. University of Calgary Press. hdl:1880/48426. ISBN&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-55238-537-1|<bdi>978-1-55238-537-1</bdi>.]] ISSN&nbsp;1703-1826. Retrieved 27 July 2026</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano, Nyati-Ramahobo o ne a fiwa seetsele sa Nobel Peace sa bomme ba le sekete mo lefatsheng ka bophara.<ref name=":1" /> Nyati-Ramahobo o ne a tlhokafala ka Motsheganong a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le botlhano.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" /> == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Articles with hCards]] 9s3g1oyc4wyna3t5vrkevjf9p1tq9ck 0 14709 53527 53374 2026-07-29T05:44:06Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53527 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thabiso Maretlwaneng''' ke motlhagisi wa thelebišene le wa difilimi wa Motswana.<ref name=":0">[https://mg.co.za/article/2016-09-20-media-thabiso-maretlwaneng Charmaine Revaka, Media – Thabiso Maretlwaneng,] 20 September 2016.</ref> O ne a amogela [[African Achievers Award]] ka gwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015). <ref name=":1">[http://www.weekendpost.co.bw/wp-news-details.php?nid=1375 Maretlwaneng wins Africa Achievers Award,] ''Weekend Post'', 5 August 2015.</ref><ref name=":0" /> == Botshelo == Thabiso Maretlwaneng e ne e le mmampodi wa karate, mme a bona borutegi jwa metshameko go ya go ithuta kwa Yunibesithing ya Thekenoloji ya [[Swinburne kwa Australia.]] Jaaka moithuti, o ne a dira filimi e telele ya tshedimosetso, Head Up, e e latelang mosepele wa batshabi ba bantsho ba kwa Australia ba leka go tsena mo indasetering ya hip hop ya naga eo. The soundtrack for Head Up won an award at the 2009 New York International Independent Film and Video Festival. [ Moletlo wa baesekopo o o ikemetseng wa New York International Independent Film and Video Festival ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe (2009) o ne wa gapa sekgele.<ref>Mokagedi Gaotlhobogwe, [http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=7&aid=15&dir=2009/April/Tuesday28/ Distribution deal ahead for Maretlwaneng film,] ''Mmegi Online'', 28 April 2009</ref> Khamphani ya Maretlwaneng ya Botswana ya Dee-Zone Productions e amogetse madi go tswa go puso ya Botswana. <ref name=":1" />E ne ya dira Ntwagolo, e leng terama e e nang le dikarolo di le masome a matlhano le bobedi e e buang ka ditlamorago tsa AIDS kwa Botswana. Pelokgale, e leng motseletsele o o simolotseng go gasiwa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014), o ne o sekaseka tirisodikgoka e e ikaegileng ka bong. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190416030417/http://www.sundaystandard.info/pelokgale-tv-drama-preview Pelokgale TV drama in preview] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190416030417/http://www.sundaystandard.info/pelokgale-tv-drama-preview|date=16 April 2019}}, ''Sunday Standard'', 4 May 2014.</ref>Lenaneo la boitlosobodutu, Pula Power, le lona le simolotse go gasiwa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014). <ref>[http://www.sundaystandard.info/reputable-dee-zone-productions-launches-entertainment-show Reputable See-Zone Productions launches Entertainment Show, ''Sunday Standard'',] 1 Deco 2014.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borataro (2016 Dee-Zone Productions e ne ya sekisiwa ka ntlha ya rente e e sa duelwang.<ref>Mpho Mokwape, [http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?aid=60387&dir=2016/may/31 Maretlwaneng's film company sued], ''Mmegi Online'', 31 May 2016.</ref> == Difilimi == === Difilimi === * ''Head Up''. Documentary. === Mananeo a thelebishene === * ''Ntwagolo''. 52-episode drama. * ''Pelokgale'', 2014. 26-episode drama == Metswedi == rlakyr4hee61k76z1zug7k78g5ciuce 0 14737 53468 53467 2026-07-28T12:01:36Z JudithShe 9421 Ke okeditse thanolo ya tsebe e #Wikipedia25BW 53468 wikitext text/x-wiki Ba ba latelang ke maloko a [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|khuduthamaga ya Botswana]] ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bone go tsena ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabongwe. Go ne go na le ditilo di le masome a marataro le boraro mo khuduthamageng, mo go tsone ke mapalamente a le masome a matlhano le bosupa ba ba tlhophilweng mo dikgaolong tsa botlhophi, mapalamente a a tlhophilweng mo go faphegileng ba le bane, le maloko a le mabedi a eleng tautona le [[Motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente ya Botswana|motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente]] ba ba tlhophilweng ka ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bone.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150924032846/http://www.iec.gov.bw/images/pdf/elections%202014%20parliamentary%20results.pdf "2014 Parliamentary Election Results"] (PDF). IEC. October 2014. Archived from [http://www.iec.gov.bw/images/pdf/elections%202014%20parliamentary%20results.pdf the original] (PDF) on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 28 July 2026</ref> == Tshupo ka tafole == {| class="wikitable" |+ !Sesupo sa phathi !Mmala ! |- | |o mohibidu |[[Botswana Democratic Party]] |- | |o botala jwa tlhaga |[[Botswana Congress Party]] |- | |o bophutshe |[[Umbrella for Democratic Change]] |- | |o phepole |[[Alliance for Progressives]] |} Mapalamente a a tlhophilweng ka ditlhopho tsa kakaretso {| class="wikitable" |+ !kgaolo ya botlhophi !Leina !Phathi !Diatalama !% ya ditalama ! |- |[[Chobe District]] |[[Machana Shamukuni]] |BDP |dikete di le nne, lekgolo lesome le bone |55.9 | |- |[[Maun]] botlhaba |Kostantinos Markus |BDP |dikete di le thataro, masome a mane le borataro |44.4 | |- |[[Ngamiland]] |Tawana Moremi |UDC |dikete di supa, makgolo a mabedi masome a supa le motso |48.2 | |- |[[Okavango]] |Bagalatia Arone |BCP (morago a fetogela kwa BDP) |dikete di le thataro, makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le bone |53.9 | |- |[[Tati Siding]] botlhaba |Samson Guma Moyo |BDP |dikete di le tlhano, makgolo a robabobedi masome a marataro le bone |59.7 | |- |[[Tati Bophirima]] |[[Biggie Butale]] |BDP |dikete di le nne, makgolo a matlhano le le,some |42.3 | |- |[[Francistown Botlhaba]] |[[Buti Billy]] |BDP |dikete di le tharo, makgolo a robabobedi lesome le borobabobedi |45.0 | |- |[[Francistown Borwa]] |[[Wynter Mmolotsi]] |UDC (morago a fetogela kwa AP) |dikete di le tlhano, makgolo a mabedi masome a marataro le motso |52.1 | |- |[[Francistown Bophirima]] |[[Mokwaledi Ignatius Moswaane]] |BDP |dikete di le tlhano, makgolo a mararo le bolthano |53.5 | |- |[[Nata-Gweta]] |[[Polson Majaga]] |BDP |dikete di le tharo, makgolo a mane, masome a mabedi le bone |35.2 | |- |[[Nkange]] |[[Edwin Batshu]] |BDP |dikete di le thataro, makgolo a mane, masome a marataro le motso |50.1 | |- |[[Shashe Bophirima]] |[[Fidelis Macdonald Molao]] |BDP |dikete di le thataro, makgolo a robabobedi, masome a mararo le borobabongwe |56.7 | |- |[[Tonota]] |[[Thapelo Olopeng]] |BDP |dikeet di supa, lesome le boraro |54.4 | |- |[[Bobonong]] |[[Shaw Kgathi]] |BDP |dikeet di supa, makgolo a mararo masome a mabedi le botlhano |49.4 | |- |[[Mmadinare]] |[[Kefentse Mzwinila]] |BDP |dikeet di le tharo, makgolo a mararo masome a supa le botlhano |68.7 | |- |[[Selebi-Phikwe Botlhaba]] |[[Nonofo Molefhi]] |BDP |dikete di le tharo makgolo a mararo masome a supa le borataro |40.4 | |- |[[Selebi-Phikwe Bophirima]] |[[Dithapelo Keorapetse]] |BCP (morago a fetogela kwa UDC) |dikete di le nne, makgolo a mabedi masome a mane le bosupa |48.8 | |- |[[Lerala-Maunatlala]] |[[Prince Maele]] |BDP |dikete di le thataro makgolo a mararo masome a matlhano le borataro |53.8 | |- |[[Palapye]] |[[Moiseraele Goya]] |BDP |dikete di le thataro, makgolo a supa masome a supa le motso |55.9 | |- |[[Sefhare]] - [[Ramokgonami]] |[[Dorcus makgato malesu]] |BDP |dikete di supa, makgolo a mane masome a matlhano le borobabongwe |54.4 | |- |[[Mahalapye Botlhaba]] |[[Botlogile tshireletso]] |BDP |dikete di le nne, makgolo a mane le borataro |47.3 | |- |[[Mahalapye Bophirima]] |[[Joseph Molefe]] |BDP |dikete di le thataro makgolo matlhano masome a mane le borataro |55.8 | |- |[[Shoshong(Kgaolo ya Botlhophi)]] |[[Dikgang Makgalemele]] |BDP |dikete di le tlhano, makgolo a mararo masome a supa le bosupa |50.3 | |- |[[Serowe Bokone]] |[[Kgotla Autlwetse]] |BDP |dikete di robabongwe makgolo a marataro lesome le motso |84.5 | |- |[[Serowe Bophirima]] |[[Kgotla Autlwetse]] |BDP | |62.4 | |- |[[Serowe Borwa]] |[[Pelonomi Venson-Moitoi]] |BDP | |47.8 | |- |[[Boteti Botlhaba]] |[[Lelatisitswe Setlhomo]] |BDP | |38.8 | |- |[[Boteti Bophirima]] |[[Slumber Tsogwane]] |BDP | |47.5 | |- |[[Mochudi]] botlhaba |[[Moagi Molebatsi]] |UDC | |39.6 | |- |[[Mochudi]] bophirima |[[Gilbert Mangole]] |UDC | |44.0 | |- |[[Gaborone Bogare]] |[[Phenyo Butale]] |UDC | |34.0 | |- |[[Gaborone Bokone]] |[[Kagiso Molatlhegi]] |BDP | |53.6 | |- |[[Gaborone Borwa]] |[[Duma Boko]] |UDC | |57.3 | |- |[[Gaborone]] [[Bonnington]] Borwa |[[Ndaba Gaolathe]] |UDC | |55.9 | |- |[[Tlokweng]] |[[Masego Segokgo]] |UDC | |40.4 | |- |[[Ramotswa]] |[[Samuel Rantuana]] |BCP | |35.2 | |- |[[Mogoditshane]] |[[Sedirwa Kgoroba]] |UDC | |41.5 | |- |[[Gabane]]-[[Mmankgodi]] |[[Pius Mokgware]] |UDC | |48.3 | |- |[[Thamaga]]-[[Kumakwane]] |[[Tshenolo Mabeo]] |BDP | |58.6 | |- |[[Molepolole Bokone (Kgaolo ya Botlhophi)]] |[[Mohammed Khan]] |UDC | |50.2 | |- |[[Molepolole Borwa (Kgaolo ya Botlhophi)]] |[[Tlamelo Mmatli]] |UDC | |43.1 | |- |[[Lentsweletau]]-[[Mmopane]] |[[Vincent Seretse]] |BDP | |47.4 | |- |[[Letlhakeng]]-[[Lephephe]] |[[Liakat Kablay]] |BDP | |47.4 | |- |[[Takatokwane]] |[[Ngaka Ngaka]] |BDP | |49.4 | |- |[[Lobatse]] |[[Sadique Kebonang]] |BDP | |48.9 | |- |[[Goodhope-Mabule]] |[[Lotlaamoreng Montshioa]] |UDC | |50.5 | |- |[[Mmathethe-Molapowabojang]] |[[Alfred Madigele]] |BDP | |35.6 | |- |[[Kanye Borwa (Kgaolo ya Botlhophi)]] |[[Abram Kesupile]] |UDC | |46.1 | |- |[[Kanye]]-Bokone |[[Patrick Ralotsia]] |BDP | |53.4 | |- |[[Moshupa-Manyana]] |[[Mokgweetsi Masisi]] |BDP | |49.4 | |- |[[Jwaneng-Mabutsane]] |[[Shawn Ntlhaile]] |UDC | |49.4 | |- |[[Kgalagadi Borwa (Kgaolo ya Botlhophi)]] |[[Frans Van Der Westhuizen]] |BDP | |49.9 | |- |[[Kgalagadi bokone]] |[[Itumeleng Moipis]]<nowiki/>i |BDP | |54.3 | |- |[[Ghanzi(Kgaolo ya Botlhophi)]] |[[Noah Salakae]] |UDC | |51.5 | |- |[[Ghanzi]]-borwa |[[Christian de Graaff]] |UDC | |52.3 | |- |o o itlhophetsweng |[[Kenneth Matambo]] |UDC | | | |- |o o itlhophetsweng |[[Unity Dow]] |UDC | | | |- |o o itlhophetsweng |[[Eric Molale]] |UDC | | | |- |o o itlhophetsweng |[[Kitso Mokaila]] |UDC | | | |- |tautona |[[Ian Khama Seretse Khama]] |UDC | | | |- |Moatlhodimogolo |[[Athaliah Molokomme]] | - | | | |} == Ba ba tlhophilweng ka mo go faphegileng ka 2016 == Ka Phalane a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa dikeet pedi lesome le borataro, palamente e ne ya tlhopha mapalamente a mabedi a tlaleleletso, ba sala morago paakanyo ya masome a matlhano le borobabobedi ya molaomotheo, e e okeditseng palo ya maloko a a tlhophiwang mo go faphegileng go tswa mo go bone go nna borataro.<ref>[https://www.botswanayouth.com/youngest-member-of-parliament-bogolo-kenewendo-sworn-in-today/ "Youngest Member Of Parliament Bogolo Kenewendo Sworn In Today"]. ''Botswana Youth''. 27 October 2016. Retrieved 28 July 2026</ref> {| class="wikitable" |+ !Kgaolo ya botlhophi !Leina !Phathi !Diatalama !% ya ditalama tsotlhe |- |mo go faphegileng |[[Bogolo Kenewendo]] | | - | |- |mo go faphegileng |[[Mephato Reatile]] |BDP | - | |} == Metswedi == sko6l1rn524r3qk1bryxlwe4ii65iwu 0 14738 53471 2026-07-28T12:26:02Z JudithShe 9421 ke ranotse tsebe ya Ngwaga wa 2024 mo Botswana #Wikipedia25BW 53471 wikitext text/x-wiki Ditiragalo tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bone mo [[Botswana|Botswana.]] == Babusi ba nako eo == * Tautona:[[Mokgweetsi Masisi]] (go fitlhelela ka Ngwanatsele a rogwa); [[Duma Boko]] (fa e sale ka Ngwanatsele a rogwa) * Mothusa tautona: [[Slumber Tsogwane]], [[Ndaba Gaolathe]] (fa e sale ka Ngwanatsele a rogwa) * [[Motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente ya Botswana]]: [[Phandu Skelemani]], [[Dithapelo Keorapetse]] (fa e sale ka Ngwanatsele a le malatsi a supa) * Moatlhodimogolo wa Botswana: [[Terence Rannowane]] == Ditiragalo == * Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi - [[Kotsi ya bese ya Mmamatlakala ya ngwaga wa 2024|Kotsi ya bese ya Mmamatlakala:]] bese e pegile batsaya loeto ba Bakeresete go tswa [[Molepolole]] go ya [[Aforika Borwa]] e wa mo borogong kwa [[Limpopo]], e bolaya batho ba le masome a mane le botlhano.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/bus-accident-south-africa-kills-least-45-transport-ministry-says-2024-03-28/ "Bus accident in South Africa kills at least 45, Transport Ministry says".] ''Reuters''. March 28, 2024.</ref> * Moranang a le malatsi a mararo - Tautona [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]] o tshosetsa go romela ditlou di le dikete di le masome a mabedi kwa Germany, morago ga gore lefatshe leo le akanyetse go dira melao e e gagametseng ya o tsoma ditlou.<ref>[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/4/3/botswana-threatens-to-send-20000-elephants-to-germany-in-conservation-row "Botswana threatens to send 20,000 elephants to Germany"]. ''Al Jazeera''. 3 April 2024. Retrieved 28 July 2026</ref> * Seetebosigo a le lesome le bobedi - kompone ya [[MMG Limited]] ya kwa [[China]] ya meepo, e itsise fa ba tlaa beeletsa ka didikadike di le makgolo a supa kwa moepong wa Khoemacau wa kopore go oketsa kopore e ntshiwang gabedi.<ref>[https://www.mining.com/web/mmg-to-invest-700-million-to-double-copper-output-at-botswana-mine/ "MMG to invest $700 million to double copper output at Botswana mine".] ''Mining.com''. 12 June 2024. Retrieved 28 July 2026</ref> * Phatwe a robabobedi - [[Letsile Tebogo]] o fenya seetsele sa ntlha sa gouta sa diolympic morago ga go fenya lobelo kwa dimithara di le makgolo a mabedi kwa diolympiking tsa selemo tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bone kwa Paris.<ref>[https://www.cbc.ca/sports/olympics/summer/athletics/track/mens-200m-paris-2024-aug-8-1.7288892 "Botswana's Tebogo wins men's 200m gold; Lyles, battling through COVID, lands bronze".] ''CBC''. 8 August 2024. Retrieved 28 July 2026</ref> * Phatwe a le masome a mabedi le bobedi - Teemane ya bobedi ka bogolo mo lefatsheng ka bophara, ya dikharete di le dikete pedi, makgolo a mane, masome a robabongwe le bobedi, e upololwa kwa moepong wa [[Karowe]] wa kompone ya Lucara.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c1w78rwlqvxo "World's second-largest diamond found in Botswana".] ''BBC''. 22 August 2024. Retrieved 28 July 2026</ref> * Lwetse a le lesome le boraro - Tautona wa pele [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama]] o boela Botswana morago ga dingwaga di le tharo a tshabile go lebagana le melato ya go senyetsa setshaba le dibetsa.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cd0509kke8mo "Surprise return to Botswana by ex-president to face trial"]. ''BBC News''. 2024-09-13. Retrieved 28 July 2026</ref> * Phalane a le malatsi a masome a mararo - [[ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2024 (Botswana)]]: phathi e e busang ya [[Botswana Democratic Party]] e latlhegelwa ke tlhopho mo khuduthamageng e le lantlha fa e sale ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le borataro.<ref>[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/11/1/botswanas-ruling-party-loses-power-after-six-decades-early-results-show "Botswana's ruling party loses power after 58 years, early results show".] ''Al Jazeera''. Retrieved 28 July 2026</ref> * Ngwanatsele a rogwa - [[Duma Boko]] o tlhomamisiwa go nnatautona wa Botswana morago ga gore [[Umbrella for Democratic Change]] e fenye bontsi jwa ditilo di le masome a mararo le motso mo khuduthamageng ka ditlhopho tsa Phalane.<ref>[https://www.mmegi.bw/news/boko-sworn-in-as-president/news "Boko sworn in as President".] ''Mmegi''. 2 November 2024. Retrieved 28 July 2026</ref> == Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe == * [[Lefatshe la Botswana kwa di olympiking tsa selemo tsa 2024]] == Metswedi == hu4bbwyvrv93cbtktmou9e98h5vs6f6 0 14739 53473 2026-07-28T12:39:01Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Ngwaga wa 2020 mo Botswana #Wikipedia25BW 53473 wikitext text/x-wiki Lefatshe la [[Botswana]] le itemogetse tshimologo ya [[Segajaja sa Covid-19 mo Botswana|segajaja sa COVID-19]] ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi. Dikiletso mesepele di ne tsa diriwa gareng ga Mopitlo le Motsheganong, dikiletso tsa tswelela mo ngwageng. Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga o o fetileng di ne tsa ganediwa ke ba diphathi tsa kganetso, ditsheko di le mmalwa tsa tsisiwa fa pele ga kgotlatshekelo go fetoal maduo. Dikgotlhang di ne tsa ya magoletsa le [[Aforika Borwa]] ka nwgaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi ka Botswana a ne a batla go atlhola [[Bridgette Radebe]]. Matshwenyego mabapi le go somarela diphologolo tsa naga a ne a ya magoletsa ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi fa ditlou di simolola go swa ka bonsti, ga mmogo le matshwenyego a manong. Dikgotlhang tsa ditlhobolo mabapi le batsomi ba diphologolo di ne tsa twelela mo ngwageng, di akaretsa go bolawa ga baana ba le bane ka Ngwanatsele mo go neng ga baka megwanto kwa [[Namibia]]. == Babusi ba nako eo == * Tautona: [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]] * Mothusa tautona: [[Slumber Tsogwane]] * [[Motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente ya Botswana]]: [[Phandu Skelemani]] * Moatlhodimogolo wa Botswana: [[Terence Rannowane]] == Tse di tsweletseng == * tlhaselo ya tsie ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabongwe go tsena ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bobedi * Maiteko a go fetola maduo a [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2019 (Botswana)|ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2019]] * [[Segajaja sa Covid-19 mo Botswana|Segajaja sa COVID-19 mo Botswana]] * [[Go jesiwa botlhole ga Manong a mokwatla mosweu]] == Ditiragalo == === Firikgong === * Firikgong - Botswana o amogela madi a kadimiso a bilone e le nngwe go tswa kwa bankeng ya World go tokafatsa phatlalatso metsi.<ref>Leepile, Naomi (2020-01-26). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202001270174.html "Botswana: World Bank Loan to Help Address Water Challenges".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 28 July 2026</ref> * Firikgong a robabobedi - kgotlatshekelo ya boikuelo e atlhola gore go fetola ditlhopho tsa 2019 tsa kakaretso go tlaa reediwa.<ref>[https://www.france24.com/en/20200108-botswana-opposition-wins-right-to-challenge-election-result "Botswana opposition wins right to challenge election result".] ''France 24''. 2020-01-08. Retrieved 28 july 2026</ref> == Metswedi == ckfws4robubk09rn1r3ulrife1bfus2 0 14740 53474 2026-07-28T13:18:44Z MmaBaggio 11091 #Wikipedia25BW KE RANOTSE TSEBE ya Dikgotlhang tsa lefatshe la Ditso/la Sedimo kwa Botswana 53474 wikitext text/x-wiki Dikgotlhqng tsa lefatshe la bagologolo la [[Central Kalahari Game Reserve (CKGR)]] e simolotse ka ngwaga wa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa magareng ga [[puso ya Botswana]] le batho ba San (Bushmen), mme e sa ntse e tsweletse, mme e feletse ka nngwe ya dikgetsi tsa kgotlatshekelo tse di turang thata mo ditsong tsa [[Botswana]]. Ka dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa, go ne ga simololwa kgotlhang ka maiteko a puso ya Botswana (GOB) a go fudusa batho, mme seno sa felela ka gore batho bangwe ba fudusediwe kwa ntle ga lefelo leno ka dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe. Ka ntlha ya kgotlhang e e tsweletseng magareng ga batho ba San le GOB ka ditshwanelo tsa lefatshe, "Batho ba Ntlha ba Kalahari", mokgatlho o o buelelang ditshwanelo tsa batho ba San o ne wa tlhomiwa. Go na le dikganetsano tse di malebana le gore a go ribololwa ga diteemane mo lefelong leno, e ka tswa e le gone go tlhotlheleditseng maiteko a puso ya Botswana a go fudusa batho bano. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bobedi,puso e ne ya kgaola ditirelo tsotlhe mo baaging ba CKGR. Go ne ga simololwa ntwa ya semolao, mme ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro Kgotlatshekelo ya Makgaolakgang ya Botswana e ne ya ntsha katlholo ya gore banni ba koo ba ne ba tlositswe ka dikgoka e bile e se kafa molaong. Le fa go ntse jalo, pholisi ya go fudusa e ne ya tswelela, mme ka 2012 batho ba San ba ne ba ikuela kwa Ditšhabakopano go pateletsa puso go amogela ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa lefatshe le metswedi. == Se se diragetseng == === Batho ba San === Batho ba San (kgotsa Basarwa, ba pele ba neng ba itsiwe jaaka "Bashmen"[2]), ke nngwe ya ditso tsa bogologolo mo Lefatsheng; ba nnile mo lefelong le le dikologileng Sekaka sa Kalahari nako e telele go feta ditlhopha tsa merafe e e bapileng le bone. Bontsi jwa lefatshe la merafe ya Botswana, go akaretsa le lefatshe le le neng le le mo diatleng tsa BaSan, le ne la latlhega ka nako ya bokoloniale jwa Yuropa, mme mokgwa wa go latlhegelwa ke lefatshe le go fitlhelela metswedi ya tlhago o ne wa tswelela morago ga boipuso jwa Botswana. 1]: 2 BaSan ba amilwe thata mo tsamaong ya nako ke go tsenelela ga merafe e mentsi le balemirui ba e seng ba selegae mo mafatsheng a a neng a dirisiwa ke BaSan. Dipholisi tsa mmuso tse di simolotseng ka dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa di ne tsa fetisetsa kgaolo e e botlhokwa ya lefatshe la setso la BaSan go baagi ba basweu le merafe ya bontsi jwa bolemirui. Bontsi jwa dipholisi tsa mmuso tse di malebana le lefatshe di ne di rata morafe o mogolo wa Batswana go na le batho ba bannye ba Ba-San le Bakgalagadi.[ James Anaya, jaaka Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights and fundamental freedoms of indigenous people for the United Nations, o tlhalosa go latlhegelwa ke lefatshe jaaka selo se segolo se se dirang gore go nne le mathata a mantsi a a lebaneng le batho ba Botswana ba ba tlholegang koo, a umaka go kobiwa ga Ba-San go tswa kwa Central Kalahari Game Reserve (CKGR) jaaka sekai se se kgethegileng.[ 1]: 2 == Central Kalahari Game Reserve == === Ba-Bushman Kwa Kalahari === Mo dingwageng tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano, go ne go na le tlhobaelo e e oketsegang ka baagi ba ba kwa tlase mo Aforika ke United States, Aforika Borwa, le Great Britain.[ Ba ne ba simolola dipatlisiso le matsholo a patlisiso go nna le kitso e e tseneletseng ya mathata a a lebaneng batho ba ba kwa tlase mo Aforika. Kwa Botswana, "go ne go na le kgatelelo go tswa kwa metsweding mengwe ya go fetola tsela e BaSan ba neng ba tsholwa ka yone, ka bakanoki bangwe ba akantsha gore BaSan ba newe lefelo la bone". Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le borobabobedi, puso ya Bechuanaland Protectorate e ne ya tlhopha George Silberbauer go dira patlisiso le go bona ditharabololo tsa mathata a a neng a lebagane le batho ba Ba-San. Ka ntlha ya dipatlisiso tsa gagwe, ka 1961, Central Kalahari Game Reserve (CKGR) e ne ya tlhomiwa go fa Ba-San lefelo la bona le go sireletsa dimela le diphologolo tse di ba dikologileng. Le fa Silberbauer a ne a batla gore go tlhomiwe "people reserve", ka nako eo, go ne go se na molao o o neng o letlelela seo.[ 3] Le fa go le jalo, CKGR ke "e e kgethegileng ka gore e ne ya tlhamiwa e se fela jaaka lefelo la tshomarelo ya tlhago mme gape le go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ba ka nnang dikete tse tlhano , ba bontsi jwa bone e leng Ba-San, ba ba nnang mo teng ga melelwane ya yone, ba ba neng ba batla go tsweletsa mekgwa ya bone ya botshelo ya go tsoma le go kgobokanya".[ 4] == Batho ba Ntlha ba Kalahari == Jaaka mokgatlho wa go emela le go buelela batho ba San ka nako ya dikgotlhang tsa bona tsa pele, "Batho ba Ntlha ba Kalahari", ba ba itsegeng gape jaaka "Kgeikani Kweni", ba ne ba tlhomiwa ka Diphalane 1993 ke John Hardbattle, Roy Sesana, le Aron Johannes. Go tlhamiwa ga mokgatlho ono wa kemedi e ne e le matswela a go kgaratlhela ditshwanelo tsa lefatshe le tsa metswedi ya metsi tsa batho ba bantsho. Batho ba Ba-San ba ne ba ikutlwa gore ba tlhoka moemedi go ba bolelela ka se ba se tlhokang le go ba thusa mo ntweng ya bone ya go lwela ditshwanelo tse di lekanang kwa Botswana. Magareng ga 1986 le 1989, Ba-San le ditlhopha tse dingwe tse di kwa tlase mo CKGR ba ne ba le matlhagatlhaga mo dipolotiking mme ba tlhoma Kuru Development Fund,[6] mokgatlho o o nang le maikaelelo a mantsi o o nang le maikaelelo a go tlhabolola setšhaba.[ Letlole la Tlhabololo la Kuru le ne le le botlhokwa mo go tlhomeng "Batho ba Ntlha ba Kalahari", ka gonne le ne la tlamela ka matlole le ka gonne le ne la rotloetsa mothei wa lone, John Hardbattle, go emela le go buelela Ba-San. 5] "Batho ba Ntlha ba Kalahari" ba ne ba emela batho ba San kwa Khonferenseng ya Ntlha ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Ba-San kwa Windhoek le kwa Khonferenseng ya Bobedi ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Ba-San kwa Gaborone ka Diphalane 1993. Mo dikopanong tse, babueledi ba BaSan ba ne ba supa mathata a BaSan ba lebaneng le one, jaaka "khumanego, go ikgatholosiwa ga lefatshe le metswedi, go tlhoka kemedi ya sepolotiki kwa maemong a bosetšhaba, go dirisiwa ga badiri, kgethololo, go tlhoka tlhokomelo e e neelwang BaSan mme go na le moo go tsepamisitswe mo setlhopheng se se tlhalositsweng ka bokhuduthamaga se se itsegeng jaaka Baagi ba Mafelo a a Kgakala, le go palelwa ga puso ya Botswana go tshegetsa ditshwanelo tsa lefatshe, ditshwanelo tsa setso le ditshwanelo tsa tlhabololo tsa batho ba BaSan". Kgabagare, dikhonferense tse di ne tsa isa kwa go kwadisiweng ga "Batho ba Ntlha ba Kalahari" jaaka mokgatlho o o amogetsweng ke puso ya Botswana le go bulwa ga ofisi ya bone kwa Gaborone ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bone . 5] "The First People of Kalahari. " e ne e tla feleletsa e eteletse batho ba San pele go ya go "kganetso e tona ya ditso e e matlhagatlhaga" kgatlhanong le maiteko a puso a go ba fudusa. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bobedi,batho ba San, mmogo le baemedi ba bona, ba ne ba isa puso ya Botswana kwa kgotlatshekelo go lwela tshwanelo ya bone ya go nna mo CKGR le go fitlhelela metswedi ya tlholego mo go yona. 7] Kwa bofelong ka ngwaga wa dikete tsenpedi le borataro, Kgotlatshekelo Kgolo ya Botswana e ne ya amogela tshwanelo ya batho ba San go nna mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng.[ 7] == Ditaemane le kgotlhang ya Lefatshe == Gompieno, itsholelo ya Botswana e ikaegile thata ka go romelwa ga diteemane kwa mafatsheng a sele. [8] Fa go sena go ribololwa diteemane ka 1967, di ne tsa dira diperesente di le masomeamatlhano tsa GDP ya Botswana. Le fa go ntse jalo, pele diteemane di bonwa, Botswana e ne e ikaegile thata ka temothuo. Botswana e ne e le nngwe ya dinaga tse di humanegileng go gaisa mo lefatsheng, ka GDP ya motho a le mongwe e le 80 dollars ka ngwaga.[ 9] Go na le ditatofatso tsa gore GOB e leka go fudusa batho ba San ka ntlha ya go ribololwa ga ditaemane kwa Central Kalahari Game Reserve kwa bokhutlong jwa dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi.[ 8] Survival International e tlhalosa gore "Madi a a humileng a taemane a lefelo leno a ile a pegwa molato ka ntlha ya go lelekwa ga Ba-Bushmen ke puso". 10] Ba bangwe ba gatelela gore mabaka a GOB a go fudusa batho ba San, jaaka tlhabololo le tshomarelo ya diphologolo, a ganetsanwa ke dikgato tsa puso jaaka go kgaola metsi, a a thibelang tlhabololo ya bona. [ 8] Ka ngwaga wa dikete tsenpedi le bobedi,moporesidente wa Botswana, Festus Mogae, o ne a re maiteko a go fudusa batho go tswa kwa CKGR ga a amane ka gope le maano a meepo a nako e e tlang kgotsa meepo mo teng ga lefelo la tshireletso. [ 8] Le fa go ntse jalo, bangwe ba tlhalosa gore "moepong wa diteemane jaanong ke motheo wa ikonomi ya Botswana... mo e ka nnang ditlhabololo tsotlhe tsa Botswana mo mafaratlhatlheng, tlhokomelo ya boitekanelo le thuto ke ditlamorago tsa lotseno lwa diteemane. ⁇ [ 11] Mo godimo ga moo, CKGR e tsewa e le "lefelo le le humileng go gaisa mo lefatsheng le le ntshang diteemane". 8] Le fa puso ya Botswana e ganela gore molao wa go fudusa e tlhotlheleditswe ke go ribololwa ga diteemane kwa Central Kalahari Game Reserve, gape ba boletse phatlalatsa gore "ditshwanelo tsa meepo kwa Botswana, go ya ka Molaotheo, ke tsa Puso go sa kgathalesege gore ke mang yo o nang le lefatshe". Le fa bangwe ba dumela gore go ribololwa ga diteemane e ka nna lebaka la gore GOB e tsentse matsapa a mantsi jaana go fudusa batho ba San, bangwe ba re go ribololwa ga diteemane ga se molato. Go bolelwa gore fa diteemane di ka bonwa mme moepo o tshwanetse go tlhongwa, selekanyo sa lefatshe se se tlhokegang e tla nna se se kwa tlase, mme ga se kitla se kgoreletsa matshelo a batho ba Ba-San. 12] == Dikgotlhang tsa bogologolo == Le fa go tlhomiwa ga Central Kalahari Game Reserve (CKGR) go ne go ikaeletswe go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa merafe e mennye, magareng ga dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi, go ne ga simololwa go batla go fudusa batho ba Ba-San. 13] Puso ya Botswana (GOB) e ne ya bolela gore go na le go fokotsega ga diphologolo ka ntlha ya go tsomiwa go go feteletseng ke batho ba San gore ba kgone go itshedisa. Gape go ne go na le ngangisano ya gore maemo a "di-game reserve" a ne a kgoreletsa ditshono tsa katoloso ya ditirelo, jaaka dipetlele, dikolo le sepodisi, tse di leng teng mo bathong ba ba nnang mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng.[ 13] Le fa go ne ga simololwa go kopiwa gore ba fudusiwe, ga go a ka ga tsewa dikgato dipe tse di tlhomameng.[ 13] Kwa bokhutlong jwa dingwaga tsa bo sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi, dingangisano ka gore go dirwe eng ka batho ba San di ne tsa tswelela, mme dikgotlhang di ne tsa oketsega magareng ga batho ba San le puso, go tlisa tlhokomelo ya boditšhabatšhaba mo ditshwanelong tsa batho ba San. 13] Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi pe botlhano, Tona ya Kgwebo le Madirelo, M.P.K. Nwako, o ne a romelwa ke GOB kwa CKGR go tla go neela pegelo ka seemo le go tlhagisa tharabololo. 13] Ka polelo ya gagwe, ka July 15, 1986, pampiri e tshweu e ne ya ntshiwa e bolela gore pholisi e ntšhwa ya GOB e ne ya lemoga gore ba ba nnang mo lefelong la tshireletso ba ne ba tshwanetse go fudusediwa golo gongwe go sele.[ 13] Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ele lesome le bobedi, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borataro, "GOB e ne ya itsise gore metse ya thulaganyo ya yona ya "Remote Area Dweller" (RAD), e e neng e tlamela ditirelo go Ba-San, gareng ga tse dingwe, go tloga ka nako eo go ya pele e tla tlhomiwa fela kwa ntle ga CKGR". 14] GOB e ne ya bolela gore go fudusiwa go ne go tla solegela Ba-San molemo ka gonne ditirelo di ne di ka anamisiwa botoka kwa ntle ga lefelo la tshireletso ka gonne go thata go dira jalo mo teng ga lefelo la tshireletso. Mo godimo ga moo, puso e ne ya bolela gore batho ba San ba ne ba tshwanetse go fudusiwa ka gonne ba ne ba tshosetsa diphologolo tsa naga. Le fa go ntse jalo, banni ba lefelo la tshomarelo ba ne ba tsenela se se itsegeng jaaka "Kgotla", dikopano tsa khansele ya selegae kwa toropong ya Ghanzi, kwa ba neng ba tlhalosa matshwenyego a bone mme, kwa bofelong, ba ne ba bolokwa go tswa go fudusiwa. 15] Fa puso e ntse e tsweletse ka go batla ditsela tsa go ntsha banni ba Central Kalahari Game Reserve, banni le batshegetsi ba yone ba kwa dinageng di sele, jaaka ba Survival International le baeteledipele ba ba kgatlhanong le tlhaolele, ba ne ba bona ditsela tsa go tila maiteko a puso a go ba fudusa. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe, setlhopha sa ditshwanelo tsa botho, Survival International, se ne sa tsaya kgato mo boemong jwa batho ba San mme sa golola "Bulletin ya Kgato e e Potlakileng mo kgannyeng ya go fudusiwa ka dikgoka ga batho go tswa mo lefelong la tshireletso".[ Mo godimo ga moo, Survival International le mekgatlho e mengwe ya ditshwanelo tsa botho e ne ya kwalela GOB, segolobogolo Ofisi ya Tautona ya Lephata la Puso ya Selegae, Mafatshe le Matlo, ka ga maiteko a bona a go busetsa batho ba Ba-San.[ 13] Mo masimologong a bo1990, maiteko a go fudusa batho a ne a oketsega. Puso e ne ya dira gore batho ba ba nnang mo lefelong la Central Kalahari Game Reserve ba se ka ba bona ditirelo ka bonako, e le go leka go dira gore batho ba tswe ba le bosi. Mmuso o ne o tla re ditirelo tse di tla bo di le teng gape fa ba fudugela kwa ntle ga lefelo la tshireletso. Le fa go le jalo, Ba-San ba ne ba tshwenyegile gore ba tla patelediwa go nna mo mafelong a a tletseng batho koo ba tla tswelelang go kgaratlhela go fitlhelela ditirelo. Baagi bangwe ba ne ba feleletsa ba fudugile ka bobona; le fa go ntse jalo, morago ga nako e e rileng, ba ne ba boela kwa lefelong le le sireleditsweng ka gonne ba ne ba re ga go na lefatshe le le lekaneng mo lefelong le lesha la bonno le gore go ne go na le kgaisano e e tsweletseng ya metswedi e e lekanyeditsweng. 15] Ka 1992, kopano le bodirelo, koo Ba-San, mmogo le baemedi ba bona, ba neng ba tlhalosa matshwenyego a bona le mathata a ba neng ba lebagane le ona a go fudusiwa, go ne ga lebisa tlhokomelo ya lefatshe mo kgannyeng e. Thupelo ya "Tlhabololo ya Metseselegae e e Tsweleletseng e e neng e tshwerwe ka la 13 Moranang 1992, kwa Gaborone, e ne ya letla Ba-San go tlhalosa mathata a ba neng ba lebane le one kwa Botswana.[ Mo godimo ga moo, kopano e ne ya rulaganngwa magareng ga Ba-San le Ofisi le Lefapha la Puso ya Selegae, Mafatshe le Matlo ka Motsheganong 18, 1992, koo Ba-San ba neng ba batla go tlhamiwa ga dipopego tsa sepolotiki koo ba neng ba tla emelwa le go nna le boutu ya ditshwetso tse di neng di tla ba ama. Go araba dikopo tsa BaSan, puso ya Botswana e ne ya bolela gore BaSan, ka tshegetso ya boditšhabatšhaba, ba ne ba batla go ikgaoganya le Botswana. 13] eib8kc51fjpliv53tqp570a15cozoaz 53481 53474 2026-07-28T14:08:10Z MmaBaggio 11091 53481 wikitext text/x-wiki Dikgotlhqng tsa lefatshe la bagologolo la [[Central Kalahari Game Reserve (CKGR)]] e simolotse ka ngwaga wa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa magareng ga [[puso ya Botswana]] le batho ba San (Bushmen), mme e sa ntse e tsweletse, mme e feletse ka nngwe ya dikgetsi tsa kgotlatshekelo tse di turang thata mo ditsong tsa [[Botswana]]. Ka dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa, go ne ga simololwa kgotlhang ka maiteko a puso ya Botswana (GOB) a go fudusa batho, mme seno sa felela ka gore batho bangwe ba fudusediwe kwa ntle ga lefelo leno ka dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe. Ka ntlha ya kgotlhang e e tsweletseng magareng ga batho ba San le GOB ka ditshwanelo tsa lefatshe, "Batho ba Ntlha ba Kalahari", mokgatlho o o buelelang ditshwanelo tsa batho ba San o ne wa tlhomiwa. Go na le dikganetsano tse di malebana le gore a go ribololwa ga diteemane mo lefelong leno, e ka tswa e le gone go tlhotlheleditseng maiteko a puso ya Botswana a go fudusa batho bano. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bobedi,puso e ne ya kgaola ditirelo tsotlhe mo baaging ba CKGR. Go ne ga simololwa ntwa ya semolao, mme ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro Kgotlatshekelo ya Makgaolakgang ya Botswana e ne ya ntsha katlholo ya gore banni ba koo ba ne ba tlositswe ka dikgoka e bile e se kafa molaong. Le fa go ntse jalo, pholisi ya go fudusa e ne ya tswelela, mme ka 2012 batho ba San ba ne ba ikuela kwa Ditšhabakopano go pateletsa puso go amogela ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa lefatshe le metswedi. == Se se diragetseng == === Batho ba San === [[Setshwantsho:Wandering hunters (Masarwa bushmen), North Kalahari Desert.jpg|thumb|Batsomi ba ba tshelang ka go fuduga (Basarwa Bushmen), kwa sekakeng sa Kalahari Bokone, c. 1892, go tswa mo setshwantshong sa ga Henry Anderson Bryden]] Batho ba San (kgotsa Basarwa,<ref name=":0">Anaya, James (2 June 2010). [http://unsr.jamesanaya.org/docs/countries/2010_report_botswana_en.pdf Addendum – The situation of indigenous peoples in Botswana] (PDF) (Report). United Nations Human Rights Council. A/HRC/15/37/Add.2.</ref> ba pele ba neng ba itsiwe jaaka "Bashmen<ref name=":1">Anton, Donald K.; Shelton, Dinah L. (2011). [https://books.google.com/books?id=F_dFYq4oFeYC&q=san+botswana ''Environmental Protection and Human Rights''.] Cambridge University Press. p.&nbsp;640. [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-521-76638-8|ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>978-0-521-76638-8</bdi>.]]</ref>), ke nngwe ya ditso tsa bogologolo mo Lefatsheng; ba nnile mo lefelong le le dikologileng Sekaka sa Kalahari nako e telele go feta ditlhopha tsa merafe e e bapileng le bone.<ref name=":1" /> Bontsi jwa lefatshe la merafe ya Botswana, go akaretsa le lefatshe le le neng le le mo diatleng tsa BaSan, le ne la latlhega ka nako ya bokoloniale jwa Yuropa, mme mokgwa wa go latlhegelwa ke lefatshe le go fitlhelela metswedi ya tlhago o ne wa tswelela morago ga boipuso jwa Botswana. 1]: <ref name=":0" /> BaSan ba amilwe thata mo tsamaong ya nako ke go tsenelela ga merafe e mentsi le balemirui ba e seng ba selegae mo mafatsheng a a neng a dirisiwa ke BaSan. Dipholisi tsa mmuso tse di simolotseng ka dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa di ne tsa fetisetsa kgaolo e e botlhokwa ya lefatshe la setso la BaSan go baagi ba basweu le merafe ya bontsi jwa bolemirui. Bontsi jwa dipholisi tsa mmuso tse di malebana le lefatshe di ne di rata morafe o mogolo wa Batswana go na le batho ba bannye ba Ba-San le Bakgalagadi.[ James Anaya, jaaka Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights and fundamental freedoms of indigenous people for the United Nations, o tlhalosa go latlhegelwa ke lefatshe jaaka selo se segolo se se dirang gore go nne le mathata a mantsi a a lebaneng le batho ba Botswana ba ba tlholegang koo, a umaka go kobiwa ga Ba-San go tswa kwa Central Kalahari Game Reserve (CKGR) jaaka sekai se se kgethegileng.[ 1]: 2 == Central Kalahari Game Reserve == === Ba-Bushman Kwa Kalahari === [[Setshwantsho:Bushmen in the Kalahari.jpg|thumb|Bushmen kwa lefelong la Kalahari]] Mo dingwageng tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano, go ne go na le tlhobaelo e e oketsegang ka baagi ba ba kwa tlase mo Aforika ke United States, Aforika Borwa, le Great Britain.[ Ba ne ba simolola dipatlisiso le matsholo a patlisiso go nna le kitso e e tseneletseng ya mathata a a lebaneng batho ba ba kwa tlase mo Aforika. Kwa Botswana, "go ne go na le kgatelelo go tswa kwa metsweding mengwe ya go fetola tsela e BaSan ba neng ba tsholwa ka yone, ka bakanoki bangwe ba akantsha gore BaSan ba newe lefelo la bone". Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le borobabobedi, puso ya Bechuanaland Protectorate e ne ya tlhopha George Silberbauer go dira patlisiso le go bona ditharabololo tsa mathata a a neng a lebagane le batho ba Ba-San. Ka ntlha ya dipatlisiso tsa gagwe, ka 1961, Central Kalahari Game Reserve (CKGR) e ne ya tlhomiwa go fa Ba-San lefelo la bona le go sireletsa dimela le diphologolo tse di ba dikologileng. Le fa Silberbauer a ne a batla gore go tlhomiwe "people reserve", ka nako eo, go ne go se na molao o o neng o letlelela seo.[ 3] Le fa go le jalo, CKGR ke "e e kgethegileng ka gore e ne ya tlhamiwa e se fela jaaka lefelo la tshomarelo ya tlhago mme gape le go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ba ka nnang dikete tse tlhano , ba bontsi jwa bone e leng Ba-San, ba ba nnang mo teng ga melelwane ya yone, ba ba neng ba batla go tsweletsa mekgwa ya bone ya botshelo ya go tsoma le go kgobokanya".[ 4] == Batho ba Ntlha ba Kalahari == Jaaka mokgatlho wa go emela le go buelela batho ba San ka nako ya dikgotlhang tsa bona tsa pele, "Batho ba Ntlha ba Kalahari", ba ba itsegeng gape jaaka "Kgeikani Kweni", ba ne ba tlhomiwa ka Diphalane 1993 ke John Hardbattle, Roy Sesana, le Aron Johannes. Go tlhamiwa ga mokgatlho ono wa kemedi e ne e le matswela a go kgaratlhela ditshwanelo tsa lefatshe le tsa metswedi ya metsi tsa batho ba bantsho. Batho ba Ba-San ba ne ba ikutlwa gore ba tlhoka moemedi go ba bolelela ka se ba se tlhokang le go ba thusa mo ntweng ya bone ya go lwela ditshwanelo tse di lekanang kwa Botswana. Magareng ga 1986 le 1989, Ba-San le ditlhopha tse dingwe tse di kwa tlase mo CKGR ba ne ba le matlhagatlhaga mo dipolotiking mme ba tlhoma Kuru Development Fund,[6] mokgatlho o o nang le maikaelelo a mantsi o o nang le maikaelelo a go tlhabolola setšhaba.[ Letlole la Tlhabololo la Kuru le ne le le botlhokwa mo go tlhomeng "Batho ba Ntlha ba Kalahari", ka gonne le ne la tlamela ka matlole le ka gonne le ne la rotloetsa mothei wa lone, John Hardbattle, go emela le go buelela Ba-San. 5] "Batho ba Ntlha ba Kalahari" ba ne ba emela batho ba San kwa Khonferenseng ya Ntlha ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Ba-San kwa Windhoek le kwa Khonferenseng ya Bobedi ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Ba-San kwa Gaborone ka Diphalane 1993. Mo dikopanong tse, babueledi ba BaSan ba ne ba supa mathata a BaSan ba lebaneng le one, jaaka "khumanego, go ikgatholosiwa ga lefatshe le metswedi, go tlhoka kemedi ya sepolotiki kwa maemong a bosetšhaba, go dirisiwa ga badiri, kgethololo, go tlhoka tlhokomelo e e neelwang BaSan mme go na le moo go tsepamisitswe mo setlhopheng se se tlhalositsweng ka bokhuduthamaga se se itsegeng jaaka Baagi ba Mafelo a a Kgakala, le go palelwa ga puso ya Botswana go tshegetsa ditshwanelo tsa lefatshe, ditshwanelo tsa setso le ditshwanelo tsa tlhabololo tsa batho ba BaSan". Kgabagare, dikhonferense tse di ne tsa isa kwa go kwadisiweng ga "Batho ba Ntlha ba Kalahari" jaaka mokgatlho o o amogetsweng ke puso ya Botswana le go bulwa ga ofisi ya bone kwa Gaborone ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bone . 5] "The First People of Kalahari. " e ne e tla feleletsa e eteletse batho ba San pele go ya go "kganetso e tona ya ditso e e matlhagatlhaga" kgatlhanong le maiteko a puso a go ba fudusa. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bobedi,batho ba San, mmogo le baemedi ba bona, ba ne ba isa puso ya Botswana kwa kgotlatshekelo go lwela tshwanelo ya bone ya go nna mo CKGR le go fitlhelela metswedi ya tlholego mo go yona. 7] Kwa bofelong ka ngwaga wa dikete tsenpedi le borataro, Kgotlatshekelo Kgolo ya Botswana e ne ya amogela tshwanelo ya batho ba San go nna mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng.[ 7] == Ditaemane le kgotlhang ya Lefatshe == Gompieno, itsholelo ya Botswana e ikaegile thata ka go romelwa ga diteemane kwa mafatsheng a sele. [8] Fa go sena go ribololwa diteemane ka 1967, di ne tsa dira diperesente di le masomeamatlhano tsa GDP ya Botswana. Le fa go ntse jalo, pele diteemane di bonwa, Botswana e ne e ikaegile thata ka temothuo. Botswana e ne e le nngwe ya dinaga tse di humanegileng go gaisa mo lefatsheng, ka GDP ya motho a le mongwe e le 80 dollars ka ngwaga.[ 9] Go na le ditatofatso tsa gore GOB e leka go fudusa batho ba San ka ntlha ya go ribololwa ga ditaemane kwa Central Kalahari Game Reserve kwa bokhutlong jwa dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi.[ 8] Survival International e tlhalosa gore "Madi a a humileng a taemane a lefelo leno a ile a pegwa molato ka ntlha ya go lelekwa ga Ba-Bushmen ke puso". 10] Ba bangwe ba gatelela gore mabaka a GOB a go fudusa batho ba San, jaaka tlhabololo le tshomarelo ya diphologolo, a ganetsanwa ke dikgato tsa puso jaaka go kgaola metsi, a a thibelang tlhabololo ya bona. [ 8] Ka ngwaga wa dikete tsenpedi le bobedi,moporesidente wa Botswana, Festus Mogae, o ne a re maiteko a go fudusa batho go tswa kwa CKGR ga a amane ka gope le maano a meepo a nako e e tlang kgotsa meepo mo teng ga lefelo la tshireletso. [ 8] Le fa go ntse jalo, bangwe ba tlhalosa gore "moepong wa diteemane jaanong ke motheo wa ikonomi ya Botswana... mo e ka nnang ditlhabololo tsotlhe tsa Botswana mo mafaratlhatlheng, tlhokomelo ya boitekanelo le thuto ke ditlamorago tsa lotseno lwa diteemane. ⁇ [ 11] Mo godimo ga moo, CKGR e tsewa e le "lefelo le le humileng go gaisa mo lefatsheng le le ntshang diteemane". 8] Le fa puso ya Botswana e ganela gore molao wa go fudusa e tlhotlheleditswe ke go ribololwa ga diteemane kwa Central Kalahari Game Reserve, gape ba boletse phatlalatsa gore "ditshwanelo tsa meepo kwa Botswana, go ya ka Molaotheo, ke tsa Puso go sa kgathalesege gore ke mang yo o nang le lefatshe". Le fa bangwe ba dumela gore go ribololwa ga diteemane e ka nna lebaka la gore GOB e tsentse matsapa a mantsi jaana go fudusa batho ba San, bangwe ba re go ribololwa ga diteemane ga se molato. Go bolelwa gore fa diteemane di ka bonwa mme moepo o tshwanetse go tlhongwa, selekanyo sa lefatshe se se tlhokegang e tla nna se se kwa tlase, mme ga se kitla se kgoreletsa matshelo a batho ba Ba-San. 12] == Dikgotlhang tsa bogologolo == [[Setshwantsho:BushmenSan.jpg|thumb|Basarwa]] Le fa go tlhomiwa ga Central Kalahari Game Reserve (CKGR) go ne go ikaeletswe go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa merafe e mennye, magareng ga dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi, go ne ga simololwa go batla go fudusa batho ba Ba-San. 13] Puso ya Botswana (GOB) e ne ya bolela gore go na le go fokotsega ga diphologolo ka ntlha ya go tsomiwa go go feteletseng ke batho ba San gore ba kgone go itshedisa. Gape go ne go na le ngangisano ya gore maemo a "di-game reserve" a ne a kgoreletsa ditshono tsa katoloso ya ditirelo, jaaka dipetlele, dikolo le sepodisi, tse di leng teng mo bathong ba ba nnang mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng.[ 13] Le fa go ne ga simololwa go kopiwa gore ba fudusiwe, ga go a ka ga tsewa dikgato dipe tse di tlhomameng.[ 13] Kwa bokhutlong jwa dingwaga tsa bo sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi, dingangisano ka gore go dirwe eng ka batho ba San di ne tsa tswelela, mme dikgotlhang di ne tsa oketsega magareng ga batho ba San le puso, go tlisa tlhokomelo ya boditšhabatšhaba mo ditshwanelong tsa batho ba San. 13] Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi pe botlhano, Tona ya Kgwebo le Madirelo, M.P.K. Nwako, o ne a romelwa ke GOB kwa CKGR go tla go neela pegelo ka seemo le go tlhagisa tharabololo. 13] Ka polelo ya gagwe, ka July 15, 1986, pampiri e tshweu e ne ya ntshiwa e bolela gore pholisi e ntšhwa ya GOB e ne ya lemoga gore ba ba nnang mo lefelong la tshireletso ba ne ba tshwanetse go fudusediwa golo gongwe go sele.[ 13] Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ele lesome le bobedi, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borataro, "GOB e ne ya itsise gore metse ya thulaganyo ya yona ya "Remote Area Dweller" (RAD), e e neng e tlamela ditirelo go Ba-San, gareng ga tse dingwe, go tloga ka nako eo go ya pele e tla tlhomiwa fela kwa ntle ga CKGR". 14] GOB e ne ya bolela gore go fudusiwa go ne go tla solegela Ba-San molemo ka gonne ditirelo di ne di ka anamisiwa botoka kwa ntle ga lefelo la tshireletso ka gonne go thata go dira jalo mo teng ga lefelo la tshireletso. Mo godimo ga moo, puso e ne ya bolela gore batho ba San ba ne ba tshwanetse go fudusiwa ka gonne ba ne ba tshosetsa diphologolo tsa naga. Le fa go ntse jalo, banni ba lefelo la tshomarelo ba ne ba tsenela se se itsegeng jaaka "Kgotla", dikopano tsa khansele ya selegae kwa toropong ya Ghanzi, kwa ba neng ba tlhalosa matshwenyego a bone mme, kwa bofelong, ba ne ba bolokwa go tswa go fudusiwa. 15] Fa puso e ntse e tsweletse ka go batla ditsela tsa go ntsha banni ba Central Kalahari Game Reserve, banni le batshegetsi ba yone ba kwa dinageng di sele, jaaka ba Survival International le baeteledipele ba ba kgatlhanong le tlhaolele, ba ne ba bona ditsela tsa go tila maiteko a puso a go ba fudusa. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe, setlhopha sa ditshwanelo tsa botho, Survival International, se ne sa tsaya kgato mo boemong jwa batho ba San mme sa golola "Bulletin ya Kgato e e Potlakileng mo kgannyeng ya go fudusiwa ka dikgoka ga batho go tswa mo lefelong la tshireletso".[ Mo godimo ga moo, Survival International le mekgatlho e mengwe ya ditshwanelo tsa botho e ne ya kwalela GOB, segolobogolo Ofisi ya Tautona ya Lephata la Puso ya Selegae, Mafatshe le Matlo, ka ga maiteko a bona a go busetsa batho ba Ba-San.[ 13] Mo masimologong a bo1990, maiteko a go fudusa batho a ne a oketsega. Puso e ne ya dira gore batho ba ba nnang mo lefelong la Central Kalahari Game Reserve ba se ka ba bona ditirelo ka bonako, e le go leka go dira gore batho ba tswe ba le bosi. Mmuso o ne o tla re ditirelo tse di tla bo di le teng gape fa ba fudugela kwa ntle ga lefelo la tshireletso. Le fa go le jalo, Ba-San ba ne ba tshwenyegile gore ba tla patelediwa go nna mo mafelong a a tletseng batho koo ba tla tswelelang go kgaratlhela go fitlhelela ditirelo. Baagi bangwe ba ne ba feleletsa ba fudugile ka bobona; le fa go ntse jalo, morago ga nako e e rileng, ba ne ba boela kwa lefelong le le sireleditsweng ka gonne ba ne ba re ga go na lefatshe le le lekaneng mo lefelong le lesha la bonno le gore go ne go na le kgaisano e e tsweletseng ya metswedi e e lekanyeditsweng. 15] Ka 1992, kopano le bodirelo, koo Ba-San, mmogo le baemedi ba bona, ba neng ba tlhalosa matshwenyego a bona le mathata a ba neng ba lebagane le ona a go fudusiwa, go ne ga lebisa tlhokomelo ya lefatshe mo kgannyeng e. Thupelo ya "Tlhabololo ya Metseselegae e e Tsweleletseng e e neng e tshwerwe ka la 13 Moranang 1992, kwa Gaborone, e ne ya letla Ba-San go tlhalosa mathata a ba neng ba lebane le one kwa Botswana.[ Mo godimo ga moo, kopano e ne ya rulaganngwa magareng ga Ba-San le Ofisi le Lefapha la Puso ya Selegae, Mafatshe le Matlo ka Motsheganong 18, 1992, koo Ba-San ba neng ba batla go tlhamiwa ga dipopego tsa sepolotiki koo ba neng ba tla emelwa le go nna le boutu ya ditshwetso tse di neng di tla ba ama. Go araba dikopo tsa BaSan, puso ya Botswana e ne ya bolela gore BaSan, ka tshegetso ya boditšhabatšhaba, ba ne ba batla go ikgaoganya le Botswana. 13] == Go fudusediwa kwa Central Kalahari Game Reserve == [[Setshwantsho:Bosquimanos-Grassland Bushmen Lodge, Botswana 05.jpg|thumb|Borre ba Basarwa mo Botswana]] Mekgwa ya botshelo ya Banni ba San le Bakgalagadi ba CKGR e ne ya fetoga fa didiba di ne di epelwa le sekolo le lefelo la boitekanelo le ne la tlhomiwa koo, se se neng sa rotloetsa mokgwa wa botshelo wa bolemirui le go isa kwa go tsholeng leruo le le rileng mo lefelong la tshireletso. 1]: 16 Puso e ne ya swetsa ka gore tsela ya go tshela ya batho ba ba nnang mo lefelong la CKGR ga e sa tlhole e tsamaisana le maikaelelo a lefelo leno le gore go tlamela ka ditirelo mo go lone go ne go le tlhwatlhwakgolo thata gore go ka tswelela pele go dirwa. Ka jalo puso e ne ya swetsa go fudusa botlhe ba ba nnang mo CKGR go ya kwa mafelong a a kwa ntle ga lefelo la tshireletso. 1]: 16 Le fa puso e gatelela gore batho ba ne ba fudusiwa ka boithaopo, Anaya o tlhalosa thulaganyo ya dipuisano e le "e e sa lekaneng" e bile o tlhalosa "go tshwenyega thata" malebana le gore a batho ba neilwe tetla ya go fuduga ka boithaopo. Go lebega go ile ga dirisiwa go tshwenya banni, go senya dikago tsa motheo, le go thibela go tsoma go dira gore banni ba tswe mo lefelong leno la tshireletso. Go ya ka The Guardian, go thibelwa ga go tsoma go go neng ga itsisiwe mo nageng yotlhe ka January 2014, "go ne ga fedisa setso sa Ba-San sa dingwaga di le diketekete". Thibelo ya puso ya go tsoma ga e dire mo dirapeng tsa diphologolo tsa poraefete tse di direlang bajanala. 16] Ka 2002, puso e ne ya emisa ditirelo tsotlhe go baagi ba CKGR, mme ya tswala lesoba le le neng le tlamela baagi ba lefelo la tshireletso ka metsi. [ 1]: 17 Fa e sale mo bogareng jwa dingwaga tsa bo1990, puso ya Botswana e tsentse tirisong pholisi ya go fudusetsa BaSan kwa ntle ga XamKhomani Heartland, lefatshe la bone la borraabonemogolo le le gaufi le CKGR go ya kwa mafelong a a sa tswang go tlhongwa jaaka New Xade. Lebaka la semmuso la puso la go amogela pholisi e ya re: Fa nako e ntse e tsamaya go ne ga bonala sentle gore banni ba le bantsi ba CKGR ba ne ba setse ba le mo temothuong kgotsa ba ne ba eletsa go nna mo go yone, ba lema dijalo le go tlhokomela leruo go na le go nna batsomi fa lefelo leno le ne le tlhomiwa ka 1961. Tota e bile, go tsoma le go tsoma go ne go sa tlhole go tlhokega gore ba kgone go tshela. Tiriso eno ya lefatshe la temothuo ga e tsamaisane le go somarela diphologolo tsa naga e bile ga e a tshwanela go dirisiwa mo Game Reserve. Se ke lebaka la botlhokwa la gore puso e fuduse baagi ba CKGR. [18] Anaya o kwala gore le fa bangwe ba batho ba ba kileng ba nna kwa CKGR ba ile ba tlhopha go se boele kwa lefelong leno ka ntlha ya go tlhoka ditirelo, go akaretsa metsi, batho ba ba nnang mo lefelong leno ba ile ba tlhalosa gore ba eletsa go kgona go tsoma le go kgobokanya dijo, e re ka ditiro tseno e le karolo e e botlhokwa ya setso sa bone. Maikutlo a kgokagano e e boteng ya botho le lefatshe le le mo tshireletsong a ne a bonala mo bathong ba San ba ba nnang mo CKGR mmogo le mo go ba San le Bakgalagadi ba ba neng ba fudusetswa kwa ntle ga CKGR. Ditlhopha tsa bofelo di ne tsa supa keletso ya go boela kwa lefelong le le sireleditsweng le fa go na le dikgwetlho tsa go tshela koo. 1]: 18 Jumanda Gakelebone, mmueledi wa Ba-San kwa Botswana, o ne a bolelela The Guardian jaana: Re ile ra kgona go tshela ka diketekete tsa dingwaga mo go nngwe ya mafelo a a omeletseng thata mo lefatsheng mme ba re tshwara jaaka dieleele. Re batho ba ba ratang go tsoma le go kgobokanya, le fa go ntse jalo re a tshwarwa. Ga re a tshwanela go senya diphologolo tsa naga. Fa re bolaya phologolo e le nngwe re e ja kgwedi yotlhe. Ga re a letlelelwa go tsoma mme ba bangwe ba ka kgona.[ 16] Setlhopha sa ditshwanelo tsa batho sa Survival International se nopola Gakelebone a re: Re sa ntse re le batsomi le barui. Re batla go itsiwe re le batho ba ba ratang go tsoma. Fa o re o se ka wa tsoma, go raya gore o se ka wa ja. Fa e le gore o tlile go thibela go tsoma, o tshwanetse go buisana le rona. O tlile go dira gore re nne batsomi ba ba se nang molao. Mme go tsoma ga go ise go ko go re amege ka go tsoma ka tsela e e seng kafa molaong. Re tsoma dijo.[ 19] Puso e ne ya ganela gore go fudusiwa gono go ne ga dirwa ka dikgoka.[ Tshwetso ya 2006 ya Kgotlatshekelo Kgolo ya Botswana e netefaditse, le fa go ntse jalo, gore banni ba ne ba tlositswe ka dikgoka le ka tsela e e seng ya molaotheo. 21] Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya atlhola Roy Sesana le ba Bangwe v. Attorney General o ne a re balatofadiwa ba Ba-San, "ka dikgoka kgotsa ka tsela e e sa siamang le kwa ntle ga tumelelo ya bone", ba ne ba tseelwa lefatshe le ba neng ba le tsere ka fa molaong. Katlholo e ne ya supa dipolelo le ditiro tse di thulanang le tse di tlhakanyang tlhogo tsa puso. 1]: 17 Go ya ka Anaya, kgetsi eno "e bontsha gore puso e paletswe ke go buisana sentle le batho ba setso mo ditshwetsong tse di botlhokwa tse di ba amang le go tlotla ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go nna le lefatshe le metswedi ya tlholego". 1]: 21 Baganetsi ba pholisi ya go fudusa ba bolela gore maikaelelo a puso ke go phepafatsa lefelo - lefelo le le lekanang le Denmark - ka kgwebo ya bojanala le meepo ya taemane. Baemedi ba puso ba boletse gore go letla le e leng baagi ba bannye go nna mo lefelong la diphologolo ga go tsamaelane le maikaelelo a lefelo la diphologolo tsa naga. Le fa go ntse jalo, Anaya o kwala gore tsela e puso e lebang kgang eno ka yone e lebega e sa dumalane le tshwetso ya yone ya go letla Gem Diamonds go epa diteemane mo lefelong leno. Tiro ya moepo e rulaganyeditswe go tsaya dingwagasome di le mmalwa mme e ka akaretsa go tsena ga badiri ba le 500 go ya go ba le 1200 mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, go ya ka khampani ya meepo. Mmuso o ne wa bolela gore le fa go ne go dirilwe dipatlisiso, o ne wa swetsa ka gore moepo wa diteemane o ne o ka se kgonege le gore pholisi ya go fudusa e ne e sa amane ka gope le meepo.[ Le fa go ntse jalo, ka 2014 moepo wa Ghaghoo, o o neng o tsamaisiwa ke Gem Diamonds, o ne wa simolola go ntsha tshipi mo Central Kalahari Game Reserve. Jaaka go tlhalositswe ke karolo ya dikgang ya Rapaport Diamond Report, e leng buka e e kaelang ka ditlhotlhwa tsa madirelo a diteemane, "go bulwa ga Ghaghoo go ne ga baka dikganetsano [...] ka ntlha ya lefelo la yone mo lefatsheng la bagologolwane ba Ba-Bushmen". Mokaedi wa Survival International e bong Stephen Corry o ne a re fa moepo o bulwa: Boikemisetso jwa Botswana jwa go sireletsa dilo tsa tlholego bo bonala sentle. Puso e bua maaka fa e re go nna teng ga Ba-Bushman mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng ga go tsamaisane le go somarela diphologolo tsa naga, fa e ntse e letlelela moepo wa diteemane le go phuruphutsha go tswelela pele mo lefatsheng la bone. 23] Ka 2005, John Simpson wa BBC News o ne a tlhalosa batho ba New Xade jaaka ba ba tshwerweng ke botagwa le malwetse a tlhakanelo dikobo, a re, "Fa puso ya Botswana e tsaya baeng ba dinaga di sele go ya kwa New Xade mo maetong a go batlisisa dintlha, e ba bontsha dikolo le ditliliniki tse di agetsweng Ba-Bushmen. Dibese tsa batho ba maemo a a kwa godimo di tsaya tsela e sele e le gore di se ka tsa ya kwa shebeens [dibareng]". Simpson a re o ne a belaela gore go fudusiwa ga batho go ne go tlhotlhelediwa ke dithulaganyo tsa go epa diteemane. 24] Mo lekwalong la 2005 le le neng la gololwa ka 2011, Moemedi wa United States kwa Botswana e bong Joseph Huggins o ne a kgala go ntshiwa ga batho ka dikgoka, a re: "Le fa gone go ka direga gore dingwaga di le pedi kgotsa di le tharo morago ga gore ba fuduge, masetlapelo a magolo a setse a fetile, gape go bonala sentle gore batho ba ile ba latlhelwa mo maemong a a sa itumediseng a itsholelo ba sa akanyetsa pele, e bile ba sa tshegediwa. GOB [Puso ya Botswana] e bontsha go tlhoka go akanya ka tsela e e gakgamatsang. GOB e leba New Xade jaaka lefelo le le tshwanang le mafelo a mangwe a a humanegileng a kwa magaeng, le le sa tshwanelwang ke go tshwarwa ka tsela e e kgethegileng. Mme matlhotlhapelo a a kgethegileng a batho ba ba ikaegileng ka New Xade ke gore a ka bo a ile a tilwa". 25] Tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelo ya Makgaolakgang ya 2006 Ka 13 Sedimonthole 2006, Ba-San ba fentse katlholo ya hisetori mo kgetseng ya bona e telele ya kgotlatshekelo kgatlhanong le puso. Go ya ka mmueledi wa Ba-San e bong Gordon Bennett, "ga go na ope yo o neng a akanya gore Ba-Bushmen ba na le ditshwanelo dipe" pele ga phenyo ya bone ya kgotlatshekelo. "Ga go na ope yo o neng a amega". Kgetsi eno e ne ya atlholwa nakwana fela pele ga go amogelwa ga Maiphako a Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng a Ditshwanelo Tsa Batho ba Mamoseleme. Bakanoki ba tsa molao e bong Donald K. Anton le Dinah L. Shelton o kwala gore kgetsi e "e supa se bangwe ba se tsayang e le kgotlhang e e ka nnang teng magareng ga tshireletso ya tikologo le ditshwanelo tsa botho". 2] Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya atlhola ka bontsi jwa 2 go ya go 1, ya re go gana go letla Ba-Basarwa go tsena mo CKGR ba se na tetla, le go gana go ntsha dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa go tsoma go letla Ba-San go tsoma, go ne go le "kgatlhanong le molao e bile go sa dumalane le molaotheo". Gape e fitlhetse gore Ba-San ba ne ba "kgaolwa dithoto tsa bone ka dikgoka le ka tsela e e seng tshiamo" ke puso. Baatlhodi ba le babedi mo go ba bararo ba ne ba bua ka go tlhoka maatla ga BaSan, bontlhanngwe e le ka ntlha ya kgethololo, e e feleletseng ka go bala le go kwala go go kwa tlase le maatla a mannye a sepolotiki kgotsa a ikonomi go na le merafe e mentsi. Baatlhodi ba ne ba swetsa ka gore tota le ditshwetso tsa boithaopo tsa go fuduga mo letlhakoreng la Ba-San di ne di sa ikaega ka tumelelo e e nang le kitso, ka ntlha ya bosupi jwa gore puso e ne e sa itsise Ba-San ka tshwanelo ka ga tuelo kgotsa tshwanelo ya bona ya go boela kwa lefelong la tshireletso morago ga go fuduga. 1]: 17 Kgotlatshekelo ga e a pateletsa puso go tlamela ditirelo, jaaka metsi, go Ba-San ba ba neng ba boela kwa lefelong le le sireleditsweng. Go tloga ka 2006, go feta 1 000 ya BaSan ba ne ba ikaelela go boela kwa Central Kalahari Game Reserve, nngwe ya mafelo a tlhago a a sireleditsweng a magolo mo Afrika.[ 28] Le fa go ntse jalo, puso e ne ya tlhalosa molao ono ka tsela e e gagametseng, mme ke palo e e lekanyeditsweng fela ya Ba-San ba ba neng ba letlelelwa go boela kwa nageng eno. Mmuso o ne gape wa batla gore bana le ba bangwe ba masika a bakopi ba ntlha mo kgetseng eno ba bone tetla ya go boela kwa nageng ya borraabonemogologolwane ba bone. 29]: 7 [30] Ka Moranang 2008, Lekgotla la Ditšhaba tse di Kopaneng la Ditshwanelo tsa Botho (UNHRC) le ne la tshwaya phoso puso ya Botswana ka go se letle Ba-San ba ba rileng go boa, mmogo le go ganela Ba-Bushmen tshwanelo ya go tsoma mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, le fa ba dirisitse lefatshe leno go tsoma ka diketekete tsa dingwaga.[ 31 == Boikuelo kwa Kgotlatshekelong e tona == Ba-San ba le mmalwa ba tsere dikgato tsa semolao tse di ntšhwa go bula gape sediba sa metsi mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, se se neng sa thibelwa ka 2002.[ Ka 2011, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya naya Ba-Basarwa (Ba-San) tshwanelo ya go bula diforo tse disha kgotsa go epa diforo tse disha gore ba bone metsi a ba a dirisang mo malapeng. Pele ga go dirwa tshwetso eo, puso e ne ya thibela Ba-Basarwa go ya kwa didibeng, mme seo se ne sa dira gore ba se ka ba kgona go boela kwa legaeng la bone kwa CKGR. Morago ga katlholo, puso e ne ya neela badiri le metšhini ditetla tse di maleba tsa go tsena mo CKGR go epa mesima. 29]: 9 ⁇ 10 Barrister Gordon Bennett o ne a emela Ba-San kwa kgotlatshekelo fa baatlhodi ba ne ba bolela fa puso ya Botswana e le molato wa go "tshwara batho ka tsela e e tlhabisang ditlhong" mme ba tlhalosa kgetsi e e le "kgang e e utlwisang botlhoko ya go boga ga batho le go itlhoboga". Mo godimo ga moo, Puso e ne ya laelwa go duela ditshenyegelo tsa boikuelo jwa Ba-San. 32][33] Go tloga ka 2013, le fa go ntse jalo, puso e ne e santse e thibela batho ba San go bona metsi mo CKGR.[ 34] Go ya ka patlisiso e e phasaladitsweng ka June 2012 ke Minority Rights Group International, mong wa moepo wa Gope Gem Diamonds o ne a tshwanetse go dira le banni ba CKGR gore ba tle ba solegelwe molemo ke moepo: khamphani e ne e tshwanetse go epa mesima e le mene e mesha, go thapa banni, le go tlhoma trust ya setšhaba, mme go ne go epiwe mosima o le mongwe fela wa metsi kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga.[ 29]: 10 == Kgotlhang ya ngwaga wa 2012 - 2013 == Ka Motsheganong 2012 Ba-Basarwa ba ne ba ikuela kwa United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, ba kopa United Nations go pateletsa puso go amogela ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa lefatshe le didiriswa. Foramo e ne ya amogela ditlhopha tsa dikatlanegiso di le robongwe tse di neng di bua ka ditlamorago tsa go gapiwa ga lefatshe le go tseelwa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ba tlholegileng koo ke puso. 29]: 7 Go fudusiwa ga puso go ne ga tswelela mo ngwageng oo kwa kgaolong e e kwa bophirima ya Ranyane. Ka Motsheganong 2013, Kgotlatshekelo ya Makgaolakgang e ne ya atlhola gore puso e tshwanetse go emisa go fudusa malapa a a tswang kwa bothibelelong jwa Ranyane. Mekgatlho e e seng ya puso e ne ya bega gore puso e ne ya fudusa malapa a le mmalwa go tswa kwa Ranyane morago ga tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelo Kgolo mme ya bolela gore badiredi ba puso ba ne ba ikagela kwa Ranyane gore ba dire letsholo la go rotloetsa banni go fuduga go tswa kwa motseng wa bone, ka karolo ya go thibela go fitlhelela metsi a a leng one fela mo motseng. 29]: 20–21 Ka Phatwe 2013 babueledi ba batho ba Basarwa ba ne ba tsenya kgetsi kwa Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo e mo go yone baikuedi ba ntlha ba kgetsi ya CKGR ya 2006 ba neng ba ikuela kwa pusong gore bana ba bone le ba masika ba tsene mo CKGR ba se na dithibelo (ke gore ba se na diphemiti). Kgetsi e ne ya kgaphelwa thoko ka mabaka a setegeniki, ka tetla e e neetsweng ke kgotlatshekelo ya go tsenya kopo e ntšhwa. Ka kgato e e neng ya tshwaiwa phoso ke setšhaba le metswedi ya dikgang ya selegae, puso e ne ya tsenya mmueledi wa bakopi ba Basarwa, moagi wa United Kingdom yo o amanang le Survival International, mo lenaaneng la batho ba ba tshwanetseng go dira kopo ya go bona visa ya go tsena mo nageng. Le fa puso e ne ya ganela ditatofatso tsa gore e ne e ikaeletse go thibela mmueledi go tswa mo nageng, ga e a ka ya mo fa visa ka nako gore a kgone go nna le seabe mo tshekong ya Kgotlatshekelo e Kgolo ya Phatwe. Mmueledi, Gordon Bennett, o ne a re, "Tshiamelo ya go sekisiwa ka tsela e e siameng gantsi e akaretsa tshwanelo ya go emelwa ke mmueledi yo o mo tlhophang. Ga go a nna jalo kwa Botswana, go lebega go ntse jalo  ⁇  kgotsa bonnye ga go a nna jalo fa o sekisa Puso".[ Poso ya Facebook ya puso ya Botswana e ne ya bolela gore Lefapha la Bofaladi le ne le ganne kopo ya ga Bennett ya go fiwa visa, e e tlhalosang jaaka "e e rometsweng ka nako e khutshwane" Poso e e latelang ya Facebook e ne ya bolela gore Tona ya Badiri le Merero ya Selegae, Motlotlegi Edwin Batshu, o ne a sireletsa kgato eno ka go re ke "mo dikgatlhegelong tsa pabalesego ya bosetšhaba". 42] Tsheko e simolotse ka 29 Phukwi.[ 43] cozctgjva1u9lx8prftr7avduglawav 0 14741 53475 2026-07-28T13:20:16Z JudithShe 9421 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1350073380|Botswana Center for Public Integrity]]" 53475 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Botswana Centre for Public Integrity ( BCPI )''' ke mokgatlho o e seng wa puso [[Botswana|wa Botswana]] o o berekang go thusa go oketsa le go neetfatsa gore dilo di direlwa mo pontsheng( mo gae), thokgamo le boikarabelo mo [[Botswana]] ka go dira dipatlisiso tse di ikaegileng ka melao, go ela dilo tlhoko, go aga bokgoni le go buelela tshenyetso setshaba le go thusa batho sentle . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana Centre for Public Integrity plants anti-corruption "seed"in learning arena {{!}} Sunday Standard |url=http://www.sundaystandard.info/botswana-centre-public-integrity-plants-anti-corruption-%E2%80%9Cseed%E2%80%9D-learning-arena |access-date=2019-10-29 |website=www.sundaystandard.info}}</ref> == Dintlha tsa mokgatlho == Maitlamo a BCPI a latela jaana; <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://bcpi.org.bw/ |access-date=2019-10-29 |website=Botswana Center for Public Integrity |language=en-US}}</ref> * Boikarabelo le Maikarabelo * Tirisanommogo le kopano * Bothokgami le Boikanyego * Go sa tseye letlhakore * Go direla dilo mo pontsheng == Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe == * [[Kelotlhoko tshenyetso setshaba (Aforika Borwa)]] * Lephata la tshenyetso setshaba le melato ya itsholelo * [[Bokopano jwa mafatshefatshe kgatlhanong le tshenyetso setshaba]] == Metswedi == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} <references responsive="1"></references> 4obvc06rh3in3og36u5xxiwzywyrrj2 53476 53475 2026-07-28T13:24:18Z JudithShe 9421 Ke tsentse infobox mo tsebeng #Wikipedia25BW 53476 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Infobox organization|name=Botswana Center for Public Integrity|abbreviation=BCPI|type=lekgotla la mafatshefatshe le esengh la puso|purpose=go lwantsha tshenyetso setshaba, go thibela tshenyo|headquarters=[[Gaborone]] [[Botswana]]|location=2704 Phala [[Gaborone]]|region_served=[[Botswana]]|website=https://bcpi.org.bw/}} '''Botswana Centre for Public Integrity ( BCPI )''' ke mokgatlho o e seng wa puso [[Botswana|wa Botswana]] o o berekang go thusa go oketsa le go neetfatsa gore dilo di direlwa mo pontsheng( mo gae), thokgamo le boikarabelo mo [[Botswana]] ka go dira dipatlisiso tse di ikaegileng ka melao, go ela dilo tlhoko, go aga bokgoni le go buelela tshenyetso setshaba le go thusa batho sentle . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana Centre for Public Integrity plants anti-corruption "seed"in learning arena {{!}} Sunday Standard |url=http://www.sundaystandard.info/botswana-centre-public-integrity-plants-anti-corruption-%E2%80%9Cseed%E2%80%9D-learning-arena |access-date=2019-10-29 |website=www.sundaystandard.info}}</ref> == Dintlha tsa mokgatlho == Maitlamo a BCPI a latela jaana; <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://bcpi.org.bw/ |access-date=2019-10-29 |website=Botswana Center for Public Integrity |language=en-US}}</ref> * Boikarabelo le Maikarabelo * Tirisanommogo le kopano * Bothokgami le Boikanyego * Go sa tseye letlhakore * Go direla dilo mo pontsheng == Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe == * [[Kelotlhoko tshenyetso setshaba (Aforika Borwa)]] * Lephata la tshenyetso setshaba le melato ya itsholelo * [[Bokopano jwa mafatshefatshe kgatlhanong le tshenyetso setshaba]] == Metswedi == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} <references responsive="1"></references> 4bgozqryldt8q7szlyftug2rlcxz59j 0 14742 53477 2026-07-28T13:33:04Z JudithShe 9421 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1347521761|Directorate on Corruption and Economic Crime]]" 53477 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lephata la tshenyetso setshaba le melato ya itsholelo ( DCEC )''' ke lekgotla la Botswana le le lwantshanang le tshenyetso setshaba le le tlhamilweng ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le bone ke puso ya [[Botswana]] e e ikelelang go ela tlhoko, go senola le go thibela tshenyetso setshaba <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sebudubudu |first=David |date=2003 |title=Corruption and its control in Botswana |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40980345 |journal=Botswana Notes and Records |volume=35 |pages=125–139 |issn=0525-5090}}</ref> Mookamedi wa lekgotla le gompieno ke Botlhale Makgekgenene. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mathala |first=Innocent Selatlhwa,Sharon |date=2023-09-11 |title=Recycled leadership as Makgekgenene returns to the DCEC |url=https://www.mmegi.bw/news/recycled-leadership-as-makgekgenene-returns-to-the-dcec/news |access-date=2023-10-08 |website=Mmegi Online |language=en}}</ref> Baloma tsebe ke motswedi o o botlhokwa wa lekgotla ka gore tsamaiso ya lone e ikaegile ka dipego tse di amogetsweng go tswa mo bathong ba ba lomang tsebe. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana: Africa’s Whistleblower Protection Trailblazer |url=https://www.integrityline.com/expertise/blog/botswana-whistleblower-protection-trailblazer/ |access-date=2023-10-08 |website=EQS Integrity Line |language=en}}</ref> == Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe == * [[Tshenyetso Sechaba mo Botswana|Tshenyetso setshaba mo Botswana]] * [[Botswana Center for Public Integrity]] == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} == Bala go feta fa == * {{Cite book |last=Matlhare |first=Boikhutso |date=2016 |title=An evaluation of the role of the Directorate on Corruption and Economic Crime (DCEC) Botswana |url=https://etd.uwc.ac.za/xmlui/handle/11394/1832 |publisher=[[University of the Western Cape]] |isbn=978-1-78195-375-4 |pages=3–}} k8g6kafk6uhg8gnk6dym3nw8yde6vln 53478 53477 2026-07-28T13:41:27Z JudithShe 9421 Ke tsentse infobox mo tsebeng #Wikipedia25BW 53478 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox organization|name=Lephata la tshenyetso setshaba le melato ya itsholelo|abbreviation=DCEC|formation=1994|purpose=go lwantsha tshenyetso setshaba|headquarters=[[Gaborone]] [[Botswana]]|location=[[Botswana]]|key_people=Botlhale Makgakgenene|website=https://www.gov.bw/ministries/directorate-corruption-and-economic-crime}} '''Lephata la tshenyetso setshaba le melato ya itsholelo ( DCEC )''' ke lekgotla la Botswana le le lwantshanang le tshenyetso setshaba le le tlhamilweng ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le bone ke puso ya [[Botswana]] e e ikelelang go ela tlhoko, go senola le go thibela tshenyetso setshaba <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sebudubudu |first=David |date=2003 |title=Corruption and its control in Botswana |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40980345 |journal=Botswana Notes and Records |volume=35 |pages=125–139 |issn=0525-5090}}</ref> Mookamedi wa lekgotla le gompieno ke Botlhale Makgekgenene. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mathala |first=Innocent Selatlhwa,Sharon |date=2023-09-11 |title=Recycled leadership as Makgekgenene returns to the DCEC |url=https://www.mmegi.bw/news/recycled-leadership-as-makgekgenene-returns-to-the-dcec/news |access-date=2023-10-08 |website=Mmegi Online |language=en}}</ref> Baloma tsebe ke motswedi o o botlhokwa wa lekgotla ka gore tsamaiso ya lone e ikaegile ka dipego tse di amogetsweng go tswa mo bathong ba ba lomang tsebe. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana: Africa’s Whistleblower Protection Trailblazer |url=https://www.integrityline.com/expertise/blog/botswana-whistleblower-protection-trailblazer/ |access-date=2023-10-08 |website=EQS Integrity Line |language=en}}</ref> == Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe == * [[Tshenyetso Sechaba mo Botswana|Tshenyetso setshaba mo Botswana]] * [[Botswana Center for Public Integrity]] == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} == Bala go feta fa == * {{Cite book |last=Matlhare |first=Boikhutso |date=2016 |title=An evaluation of the role of the Directorate on Corruption and Economic Crime (DCEC) Botswana |url=https://etd.uwc.ac.za/xmlui/handle/11394/1832 |publisher=[[University of the Western Cape]] |isbn=978-1-78195-375-4 |pages=3–}} byxemaemg7d3cibzk2le21jbf4herg2 0 14743 53484 2026-07-28T14:26:21Z JudithShe 9421 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1353562329|Rediscover Botswana]]" 53484 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rediscover Botswana''' e ne e le letsholo la bojanala jwa selegae le le neng la simolola mo [[Botswana]] go tloga ka Phukwi a le masome mabedi le bosupa go fitlha ka Phatwe a le masome a mabedi le bobedi, ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=REDISCOVER BOTSWANA CAMPAIGN KICKOFF. |url=https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/57424}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=UNPLUGGED |first=BOTSWANA |date=2020-08-28 |title=The Re-Discover Botswana tourism campaign lauded |url=https://furtherafrica.com/2020/08/28/the-re-discover-botswana-tourism-campaign-lauded/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |website=FurtherAfrica |language=en-GB}}</ref> E ne e akaretsa loeto lwa dikilometara di le dikete di robabobedi go kgabaganya mafelo a a farologaneng a bojanala mo Botswana. Moletlo o, o ne o rulagantswe le go tshwarwa ke babegadikgang [[Thalefang Charles]] le [[Sonny Serite]], mme o ne o rotloediwa ke ba lekgotla la Bojanala la Botswana (BTO) ka kemo nokeng ya mekgatlho e le mmalwa ya bojanala. <ref name="dailynews">{{Cite web |last=Ntakhwana |first=Omphile |date=2020-07-28 |title=Rediscover Botswana campaign kickoff |url=https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/57424 |access-date=2023-01-27 |website=[[Daily News Botswana]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-08-28 |title=The Re-Discover Botswana tourism campaign lauded |url=https://furtherafrica.com/2020/08/28/the-re-discover-botswana-tourism-campaign-lauded/ |access-date=2023-01-27 |website=FurtherAfrica |language=en-GB}}</ref> Loeto lo, lo simolotse kwa lefelong la [[dikgato tsa lenao la ga Matsieng]] mme la felela kwa difikantsweng tsa Dikgosi kwa [[Gaborone]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-10-08 |title=Domestic Tourism Is Boosting The Recovery of Botswana Tourism Industry |url=https://travelinn.life/travel-blog/domestic-tourism-is-boosting-the-recovery-of-botswana-tourism-industry |access-date=2023-01-27 |website=Travel Inn Magazine}}</ref> Mafelo a ne a tlhophiwa go bontsha pharologano gareng ga mafelo a bojanala, go akaretsa "diphaka tsa lefatshe, mafelo a boswa, ditshupelo tsa setso, le mafelo a mangwe" ka ditekanyetso madi tse di farologaneng. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stone |first=Lesego S. |last2=Stone |first2=Moren T. |last3=Mogomotsi |first3=Patricia K. |last4=Mogomotsi |first4=Goemeone E.J. |date=2021-06-07 |title=The Impacts of Covid-19 on Nature-based Tourism in Botswana: Implications for Community Development |journal=Tourism Review International |language=en |volume=25 |issue=2 |pages=274 |doi=10.3727/154427221X16098837279958 |issn=1544-2721 |s2cid=234268223 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Rediscover Botswana e dirilwe go tsibogela [[Bolwetse jwa Mogare wa Khorona 2019|l]]<nowiki/>segajaja sa COVID-19 mo Botswana le kwelotlase ya bojanala jwa mafatshefatshe . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=C. Anyanwu |first=Anyanwu |last2=O. Salami |first2=Adeleke |date=2021 |title=The impact of COVID-19 on African economies: An introduction |journal=African Development Review |volume=33 |issue=Suppl 1 |pages=S1–S16 |doi=10.1111/1467-8268.12531 |pmc=8207010 |pmid=34149237}}</ref> E ne e ikaeletse go anamisa kitso ka mafelo a a tlhomologileng mo Botswana le go ruta baagi ka gore ba ka tsaya maeto jang mo gae. <ref name="dailynews">{{Cite web |last=Ntakhwana |first=Omphile |date=2020-07-28 |title=Rediscover Botswana campaign kickoff |url=https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/57424 |access-date=2023-01-27 |website=[[Daily News Botswana]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFNtakhwana2020">Ntakhwana, Omphile (2020-07-28). [https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/57424 "Rediscover Botswana campaign kickoff"]. ''[[Daily News Botswana]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-01-27</span></span>.</cite></ref> Bojanala e nnile karolo e e botlhokwa ya itsholelo ya Botswana pele ga [[Segajaja sa Covid-19 mo Botswana|segajaja sa COVID-19]], mme letsholo la Rediscover Botswana le ne le batla go thibela dingwe tsa ditatlhegelo tsa madi tse di amanang le kwelotlase ya bojanala. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-08-26 |title=Rediscover Botswana gains momentum |url=https://travelnews.africa/news-single.html?id=4334&title=Rediscover+Botswana+gains+momentum |access-date=2023-01-27 |website=travelnews.africa |language=en}}</ref> Letsholo le, le ne la amogelwa sentle mme go dumelwa fa le nnile le seabe mo go beeletseng mafelo a bojanala ga bajanala ba mono gae. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hambira |first=Wame L. |last2=Stone |first2=Lesego S. |last3=Pagiwa |first3=Vincent |date=2022-01-02 |title=Botswana nature-based tourism and COVID-19: transformational implications for the future |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/0376835X.2021.1955661 |journal=Development Southern Africa |volume=39 |issue=1 |pages=51–67 |doi=10.1080/0376835X.2021.1955661 |issn=0376-835X |s2cid=238795639 |url-access=subscription |doi-access=}}</ref> Charles o kwadile maeto a a botlhokwa thata a loeto lo e akaretsa Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park, [[Gcwihaba|magaga a Gcwihaba]], dinoka tsa [[Boro River, Botswana|Boro]] le [[Noka ya Thamalakane|Thamalakane]], [[AfroBotho]], [[Moremi Game Reserve|Lefelo la Diphologolo la Moremi]], le [[Makgadikgadi pans|Pan ya Makgadikgadi]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Charles |first=Thalefang |date=2020-08-28 |title=The best of Rediscover Botswana |url=https://www.mmegi.bw/features/the-best-of-rediscover-botswana/news |access-date=2023-01-27 |website=Mmegi Online |language=en}}</ref> == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} [[Karolo:Bojanala mo lefatsheng la Botswana]] 6v5s9vzwmq6uqxfuw4cygv14352rbxc 53485 53484 2026-07-28T14:28:39Z JudithShe 9421 Ke tsentse infobox mo tsebeng e #Wikipedi25BW 53485 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox event|name=Rediscover Botswana|date=Phukwi a le masome mabedi le bosupa go tsena Phatwe a le masome mabedi lembobedi ngwaga wa 2020|duration=malatsi a le masome mabedi le borataro|type=Letsholo la bojanala|organizers=Thalefang Charles Sonny Serite}} '''Rediscover Botswana''' e ne e le letsholo la bojanala jwa selegae le le neng la simolola mo [[Botswana]] go tloga ka Phukwi a le masome mabedi le bosupa go fitlha ka Phatwe a le masome a mabedi le bobedi, ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=REDISCOVER BOTSWANA CAMPAIGN KICKOFF. |url=https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/57424}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=UNPLUGGED |first=BOTSWANA |date=2020-08-28 |title=The Re-Discover Botswana tourism campaign lauded |url=https://furtherafrica.com/2020/08/28/the-re-discover-botswana-tourism-campaign-lauded/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |website=FurtherAfrica |language=en-GB}}</ref> E ne e akaretsa loeto lwa dikilometara di le dikete di robabobedi go kgabaganya mafelo a a farologaneng a bojanala mo Botswana. Moletlo o, o ne o rulagantswe le go tshwarwa ke babegadikgang [[Thalefang Charles]] le [[Sonny Serite]], mme o ne o rotloediwa ke ba lekgotla la Bojanala la Botswana (BTO) ka kemo nokeng ya mekgatlho e le mmalwa ya bojanala. <ref name="dailynews">{{Cite web |last=Ntakhwana |first=Omphile |date=2020-07-28 |title=Rediscover Botswana campaign kickoff |url=https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/57424 |access-date=2023-01-27 |website=[[Daily News Botswana]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-08-28 |title=The Re-Discover Botswana tourism campaign lauded |url=https://furtherafrica.com/2020/08/28/the-re-discover-botswana-tourism-campaign-lauded/ |access-date=2023-01-27 |website=FurtherAfrica |language=en-GB}}</ref> Loeto lo, lo simolotse kwa lefelong la [[dikgato tsa lenao la ga Matsieng]] mme la felela kwa difikantsweng tsa Dikgosi kwa [[Gaborone]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-10-08 |title=Domestic Tourism Is Boosting The Recovery of Botswana Tourism Industry |url=https://travelinn.life/travel-blog/domestic-tourism-is-boosting-the-recovery-of-botswana-tourism-industry |access-date=2023-01-27 |website=Travel Inn Magazine}}</ref> Mafelo a ne a tlhophiwa go bontsha pharologano gareng ga mafelo a bojanala, go akaretsa "diphaka tsa lefatshe, mafelo a boswa, ditshupelo tsa setso, le mafelo a mangwe" ka ditekanyetso madi tse di farologaneng. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stone |first=Lesego S. |last2=Stone |first2=Moren T. |last3=Mogomotsi |first3=Patricia K. |last4=Mogomotsi |first4=Goemeone E.J. |date=2021-06-07 |title=The Impacts of Covid-19 on Nature-based Tourism in Botswana: Implications for Community Development |journal=Tourism Review International |language=en |volume=25 |issue=2 |pages=274 |doi=10.3727/154427221X16098837279958 |issn=1544-2721 |s2cid=234268223 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Rediscover Botswana e dirilwe go tsibogela [[Bolwetse jwa Mogare wa Khorona 2019|l]]<nowiki/>segajaja sa COVID-19 mo Botswana le kwelotlase ya bojanala jwa mafatshefatshe . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=C. Anyanwu |first=Anyanwu |last2=O. Salami |first2=Adeleke |date=2021 |title=The impact of COVID-19 on African economies: An introduction |journal=African Development Review |volume=33 |issue=Suppl 1 |pages=S1–S16 |doi=10.1111/1467-8268.12531 |pmc=8207010 |pmid=34149237}}</ref> E ne e ikaeletse go anamisa kitso ka mafelo a a tlhomologileng mo Botswana le go ruta baagi ka gore ba ka tsaya maeto jang mo gae. <ref name="dailynews">{{Cite web |last=Ntakhwana |first=Omphile |date=2020-07-28 |title=Rediscover Botswana campaign kickoff |url=https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/57424 |access-date=2023-01-27 |website=[[Daily News Botswana]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFNtakhwana2020">Ntakhwana, Omphile (2020-07-28). [https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/57424 "Rediscover Botswana campaign kickoff"]. ''[[Daily News Botswana]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-01-27</span></span>.</cite></ref> Bojanala e nnile karolo e e botlhokwa ya itsholelo ya Botswana pele ga [[Segajaja sa Covid-19 mo Botswana|segajaja sa COVID-19]], mme letsholo la Rediscover Botswana le ne le batla go thibela dingwe tsa ditatlhegelo tsa madi tse di amanang le kwelotlase ya bojanala. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-08-26 |title=Rediscover Botswana gains momentum |url=https://travelnews.africa/news-single.html?id=4334&title=Rediscover+Botswana+gains+momentum |access-date=2023-01-27 |website=travelnews.africa |language=en}}</ref> Letsholo le, le ne la amogelwa sentle mme go dumelwa fa le nnile le seabe mo go beeletseng mafelo a bojanala ga bajanala ba mono gae. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hambira |first=Wame L. |last2=Stone |first2=Lesego S. |last3=Pagiwa |first3=Vincent |date=2022-01-02 |title=Botswana nature-based tourism and COVID-19: transformational implications for the future |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/0376835X.2021.1955661 |journal=Development Southern Africa |volume=39 |issue=1 |pages=51–67 |doi=10.1080/0376835X.2021.1955661 |issn=0376-835X |s2cid=238795639 |url-access=subscription |doi-access=}}</ref> Charles o kwadile maeto a a botlhokwa thata a loeto lo e akaretsa Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park, [[Gcwihaba|magaga a Gcwihaba]], dinoka tsa [[Boro River, Botswana|Boro]] le [[Noka ya Thamalakane|Thamalakane]], [[AfroBotho]], [[Moremi Game Reserve|Lefelo la Diphologolo la Moremi]], le [[Makgadikgadi pans|Pan ya Makgadikgadi]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Charles |first=Thalefang |date=2020-08-28 |title=The best of Rediscover Botswana |url=https://www.mmegi.bw/features/the-best-of-rediscover-botswana/news |access-date=2023-01-27 |website=Mmegi Online |language=en}}</ref> == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} [[Karolo:Bojanala mo lefatsheng la Botswana]] d5uouz3tua8r17wpagkf1vgqqaz3ouw 53520 53485 2026-07-29T02:15:06Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53520 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox event|name=Rediscover Botswana|date=Phukwi a le masome mabedi le bosupa go tsena Phatwe a le masome mabedi lembobedi ngwaga wa 2020|duration=malatsi a le masome mabedi le borataro|type=Letsholo la bojanala|organizers=Thalefang Charles Sonny Serite}} '''Rediscover Botswana''' e ne e le letsholo la bojanala jwa selegae le le neng la simolola mo [[Botswana]] go tloga ka Phukwi a le masome mabedi le bosupa go fitlha ka Phatwe a le masome a mabedi le bobedi, ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=REDISCOVER BOTSWANA CAMPAIGN KICKOFF. |url=https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/57424}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=UNPLUGGED |first=BOTSWANA |date=2020-08-28 |title=The Re-Discover Botswana tourism campaign lauded |url=https://furtherafrica.com/2020/08/28/the-re-discover-botswana-tourism-campaign-lauded/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |website=FurtherAfrica |language=en-GB}}</ref> E ne e akaretsa loeto lwa dikilometara di le dikete di robabobedi go kgabaganya mafelo a a farologaneng a bojanala mo Botswana. Moletlo o, o ne o rulagantswe le go tshwarwa ke babegadikgang [[Thalefang Charles]] le [[Sonny Serite]], mme o ne o rotloediwa ke ba lekgotla la Bojanala la Botswana (BTO) ka kemo nokeng ya mekgatlho e le mmalwa ya bojanala. <ref name="dailynews">{{Cite web |last=Ntakhwana |first=Omphile |date=2020-07-28 |title=Rediscover Botswana campaign kickoff |url=https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/57424 |access-date=2023-01-27 |website=[[Daily News Botswana]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-08-28 |title=The Re-Discover Botswana tourism campaign lauded |url=https://furtherafrica.com/2020/08/28/the-re-discover-botswana-tourism-campaign-lauded/ |access-date=2023-01-27 |website=FurtherAfrica |language=en-GB}}</ref> Loeto lo, lo simolotse kwa lefelong la [[dikgato tsa lenao la ga Matsieng]] mme la felela kwa difikantsweng tsa Dikgosi kwa [[Gaborone]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-10-08 |title=Domestic Tourism Is Boosting The Recovery of Botswana Tourism Industry |url=https://travelinn.life/travel-blog/domestic-tourism-is-boosting-the-recovery-of-botswana-tourism-industry |access-date=2023-01-27 |website=Travel Inn Magazine |archive-date=2023-01-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230127075609/https://travelinn.life/travel-blog/domestic-tourism-is-boosting-the-recovery-of-botswana-tourism-industry |url-status=dead }}</ref> Mafelo a ne a tlhophiwa go bontsha pharologano gareng ga mafelo a bojanala, go akaretsa "diphaka tsa lefatshe, mafelo a boswa, ditshupelo tsa setso, le mafelo a mangwe" ka ditekanyetso madi tse di farologaneng. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stone |first=Lesego S. |last2=Stone |first2=Moren T. |last3=Mogomotsi |first3=Patricia K. |last4=Mogomotsi |first4=Goemeone E.J. |date=2021-06-07 |title=The Impacts of Covid-19 on Nature-based Tourism in Botswana: Implications for Community Development |journal=Tourism Review International |language=en |volume=25 |issue=2 |pages=274 |doi=10.3727/154427221X16098837279958 |issn=1544-2721 |s2cid=234268223 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Rediscover Botswana e dirilwe go tsibogela [[Bolwetse jwa Mogare wa Khorona 2019|l]]<nowiki/>segajaja sa COVID-19 mo Botswana le kwelotlase ya bojanala jwa mafatshefatshe . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=C. Anyanwu |first=Anyanwu |last2=O. Salami |first2=Adeleke |date=2021 |title=The impact of COVID-19 on African economies: An introduction |journal=African Development Review |volume=33 |issue=Suppl 1 |pages=S1–S16 |doi=10.1111/1467-8268.12531 |pmc=8207010 |pmid=34149237}}</ref> E ne e ikaeletse go anamisa kitso ka mafelo a a tlhomologileng mo Botswana le go ruta baagi ka gore ba ka tsaya maeto jang mo gae. <ref name="dailynews"/> Bojanala e nnile karolo e e botlhokwa ya itsholelo ya Botswana pele ga [[Segajaja sa Covid-19 mo Botswana|segajaja sa COVID-19]], mme letsholo la Rediscover Botswana le ne le batla go thibela dingwe tsa ditatlhegelo tsa madi tse di amanang le kwelotlase ya bojanala. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-08-26 |title=Rediscover Botswana gains momentum |url=https://travelnews.africa/news-single.html?id=4334&title=Rediscover+Botswana+gains+momentum |access-date=2023-01-27 |website=travelnews.africa |language=en}}</ref> Letsholo le, le ne la amogelwa sentle mme go dumelwa fa le nnile le seabe mo go beeletseng mafelo a bojanala ga bajanala ba mono gae. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hambira |first=Wame L. |last2=Stone |first2=Lesego S. |last3=Pagiwa |first3=Vincent |date=2022-01-02 |title=Botswana nature-based tourism and COVID-19: transformational implications for the future |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/0376835X.2021.1955661 |journal=Development Southern Africa |volume=39 |issue=1 |pages=51–67 |doi=10.1080/0376835X.2021.1955661 |issn=0376-835X |s2cid=238795639 |url-access=subscription |doi-access=}}</ref> Charles o kwadile maeto a a botlhokwa thata a loeto lo e akaretsa Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park, [[Gcwihaba|magaga a Gcwihaba]], dinoka tsa [[Boro River, Botswana|Boro]] le [[Noka ya Thamalakane|Thamalakane]], [[AfroBotho]], [[Moremi Game Reserve|Lefelo la Diphologolo la Moremi]], le [[Makgadikgadi pans|Pan ya Makgadikgadi]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Charles |first=Thalefang |date=2020-08-28 |title=The best of Rediscover Botswana |url=https://www.mmegi.bw/features/the-best-of-rediscover-botswana/news |access-date=2023-01-27 |website=Mmegi Online |language=en}}</ref> == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} [[Karolo:Bojanala mo lefatsheng la Botswana]] inuui8653oi17kke36hg7inknt5k1yl 0 14744 53489 2026-07-28T14:44:24Z Lucrucia98 12161 #Wikipedia25BW ke ranotse tsebe ya Cashless Society (band) 53489 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cashless Society''' gape e itsiwe jaaka '''The Hard Cashless Society''' kgotsa '''THC Society''' ke setlhopha sa hip hop sa borwa jwa Afrika go tswa kwa [[Gaborone]], [[Botswana]] le [[Johannesburg]], '''Afrika Borwa'''. Setlhopha se se na le Snazz D (Julian Du Plessis), Draztik (Dave Balsher), X-Amount (Kwezi Ngcakani), Black Intellect (Jerry Kai Lewis), Fat Free (Salim Mosidinyane) & DJ IQ (yo o tlogetseng setlhopha, fa a boela kwa Queens, NY), setlhopha se se ne sa dira dithotloetso tsa moragonyana tsa bataki ba bangwe ba ba neng ba na le megopolo e e tshwanang le Criminal (Alfred Chirwa), Tizeye (Tyrone Phillips) & Gemini (Thabiso Mofokeng) (wa morago le ene ke leloko la Groundworks) ba ikgolaganya le go bopa setlhopha se se itsegeng jaaka Cashless Society. == Ditso == Dingwaga tsa ntlha Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe (1999) go ne ga tlhomiwa laeborari e e ikemetseng ya Unreleased Records ke CEO Draztik le DJ IQ go tswa kwa Gaborone, Botswana, le X-Amount go tswa kwa Johannesburg, Afrika Borwa.<ref name=":0">[http://www.africasgateway.com/2002/01/06/cashless-society/ "We speak to Draztik from Cashless Society"]. AfricasGateway.</ref>Kgopolo e ne e le go dira lefelo la go bulela talente e e golang ya hip-hop mo borwa jwa Aforika ba ba neng ba akanya gore ba ne ba kgaphelwa kwa thoko go tswa mo lefatsheng la mmino ke intaseteri. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20010515220940/http://www.africanhiphop.com/ "Unreleased Records"]. ''Africanhiphop.com''. Archived from the original on 15 May 2001. Retrieved 26 March 2016</ref>Cashless Society e ne e le nngwe ya ditlhopha tsa ntlha go saena le Unreleased Records ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe(1999). Setlhopha se ne se na le Draztik, X-Amount, Snazz D, Black Intellect, Slim a.k.a. Fat Free le DJ IQ.<ref name=":0" />Ditlhopha tse dingwe tse di neng di saenetse kwa pele mo labeleng e ne e le Organik Interfaze (Draztik, Slim le DJ IQ) le Nativity (Fifth Light, L biz, Carnage le Swarthy) ditlhopha tse pedi tse di tswang kwa Gaborone, Botswana.<ref name=":0" /> Leina la Cashless Society le akaretsa setlhopha ka bokao jo bo gabedi: go se nne le madi, jaaka mo bokamosong jwa ikonomi ya polasetiki ya lefatshe la segompieno le go se nne le madi jaaka mo Aforika, e jaanong e leng naga e e humanegileng go gaisa.<ref name=":0" /><ref>Charry, Eric S. (2012). "Hip Hop Africa: New African Music in a Globalizing World". ''Eric S. Charry''. ISBN&#x20;[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0253003072|<bdi>978-0253003072</bdi>.]]</ref> Draztik, Slim le DJ IQ e ne e le baamogedi ba lenaneo la radio la beke le beke la Strictly Hip-Hop mo seteisheneng sa radio sa RBII kwa Botswana.<ref name=":1">[https://web.archive.org/web/20000816225345/http://www.africaserver.nl/rumba-kali/ "One nation under a groove".] Africanhiphop.com. Archived from the original on 16 August 2000.</ref> Gape e ne e le maloko a setlhopha sa Organik Interfaze, Ba bararo ba ne ba fetsa nako e ntsi kwa moseja, ka Draztik a golela kwa Sacramento, California, Slim a belegetswe le go golela kwa New York City le DJ IQ a golela kwa Queens, [[New York,]] pele botlhe ba boela kwa Botswana.<ref name=":1" /><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20000816225345/http://www.africaserver.nl/rumba-kali/ "Feedin' Botswana Hip Hop headz"]. Africanhiphop.com. Archived from the original on 16 August 2000.</ref> X-Amount le Snazz D ba ne ba tswa kwa Johannesburg, Afrika Borwa mme ba ne ba bopa setlhopha sa Gun of a Nation (Zulu, "Isizwe se zi bhamu") mmogo. Morwa wa lesole la pele la ntwa la MK la Afrika Borwa, X-Amount o ne a tsholelwa mo kampeng ya sesole kwa [[Nairobi]], [[Kenya|Kenya,]] pele a fudugela kwa Toronto, Canada, a le dingwaga di le robedi. O ne a boela mo Afrika Borwa ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi (1998). Black Intellect, le yone e e tswang kwa Johannesburg, e tsholetswe kwa [[Freetown]], Sierra Leone, mme ya golela kwa [[Baltimore]], Maryland, pele e fudugela kwa Afrika Borwa le go tsenela setlhopha sa Cashless Society.<ref name=":0" /> === Blaze Tha Breaks === Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi (2000) Bobbito Garcia, Rre. Len le Jean Grae ba ne ba ya kwa Afrika Borwa go tswa kwa New York City go ya go tshameka mo Afrika Borwa ka lekgetlho la ntlha. Bobbito o ne a golola single ya Cashless Society "Blaze tha Breaks" b/w Mizchif "Place for a Wife" mo Independent Fondle 'Em Records ya gagwe ka 2000 fa ba boela kwa United States.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160406233612/http://www.matadorrecords.com/mr_len "Mr. Len profile"]. ''Matador Records''. Archived from the original on 6 April 2016. Retrieved 26 March 2016.</ref> Letlhakore la A la rekoto, 'Blaze Tha Breaks' le ne la bona Snazz D, X-Amount le Black Intellect ba opela ka pina ya ga Nina Simone e e dirilweng ke Draztik le X-Amount. B-Side e ne e na le Mizchif le Tsakani Mhinga ba opela "Place for a Wife" ka morethetho wa ga Richard The 3rd. Go anamisiwa ga yone go ne ga dirwa ke Fat Beats mme rekoto e ne ya nna e nngwe ya tsa ntlha go anamisiwa mo lefatsheng lotlhe ke moopedi wa hip-hop wa mo Afrika Borwa. E ne ya gololwa kwa borwa jwa Afrika ka Unreleased Records ngwaga o o latelang, mme e ne ya tlhagisiwa gape mo kgobokanong ya "Farewell Fondle 'Em" e e golotsweng ka Definitive Jux.<ref name=":2">[https://www.discogs.com/Cashless-Society-Blaze-Tha-Breaks/release/1118048 "Cashless Society – Blaze Tha Breaks".] discogs. Retrieved 26 March 2016.</ref><ref>[http://www.allmusic.com/album/farewell-fondle-em-mw0000591736 "Farewell Fondle 'Em – Various Artists".] AllMusic. Retrieved 26 March 2016</ref> Kgololo ya Aforika Borwa gape e na le dipina tsa ‘ditso’, ‘Dira gore go diragale’ le Blaze Tha Breaks (Remix). Karolo e e tokafaditsweng ya CD e bontsha dibuka tsa botshelo tse di feletseng mmogo le bidio ya mmino wa 'Blaze Tha Breaks'.<ref name=":2" /><ref>[http://www.publicenemyafrica.com/the-history-of-south-african-hip-hop-by-rashid-ray/ "The History of South African hip-hop"]. Public Enemy Africa.</ref> === ''African Raw Material Vol. 1'' === Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le boraro (2003) setlhopha se ne sa golola alebamo ya sona ya ntlha e e tletseng ya 'African Raw Material bolumo ya ntlha' mo kgatisong ya bona ya Direkoto tse di sa Kgololwang ka kabo e e neng e tshwarwa ke Sony BMG Africa. E ne e na le diponagalo tsa baeng ke Tumi, Mizchif le Masauko ba Blk Sonshine.<ref>[http://www.africasgateway.com/2003/11/11/unreleased-records-african-raw-material-vol-1-plus-upcoming-events/ "Unreleased Records: African Raw Material VOL 1 plus upcoming events".] ''AfricasGateway.com''. Retrieved 26 March 2016.</ref>Alebamo e ne ya bona setlhopha se oketsa maloko a mangwe e leng Criminal, Tizeye le Gemini, fa DJ IQ ene a ne a tlogetse setlhopha go ya go fudugela kwa Queens, kwa New York. Sekebekwa ke moopedi wa mmino wa repe yo o tswang kwa [[Lilongwe,]] [[Malawi]], Tizeye go tswa kwa Johannesburg le Gemini moopedi wa mmino wa repe le motlhagisi go tswa kwa Motsekapa yo gape e leng leloko la Groundworks.<ref>[http://www.rock.co.za/amuzine/120404.htm "SA Top Selling CDs".] South African Rock Digest.</ref> === ''Hottentot Hop (Bantu 1,2)'' === Pina ya ntlha e e tswang mo alebamong ya 'Hottentot Hop (Bantu 1, 2)' e ne ya amogelwa sentle. Pina e ne e na le Snazz, X-Amount le Fat Free ba diragatsa pina e e tlhagisitsweng ke Draztik. Video e e neng e kaelwa ke Andrew Wessels e ne ya filimiwa kwa [[Sekakang sa Kalahari]] mme ya dira gore setlhopha seno se bone awate kwa Dikabong tsa Mmino tsa Aforika Borwa mo ngwageng oo tsa bidio e e gaisang.<ref>[http://koolout.co.za/?p=9751 "KoolOut: #TBT: Cashless Society – Hottentot Hop (Bantu 1, 2)".] KoolOut.co.za.</ref>Pina e ne gape e tlhagelela mo kokoanyong ya 'Silvertab Harambe Dope Sessions' e e golotsweng ke Direkoto tsa DIY mme ya gatisiwa ke Direkoto tsa Diokobatsi tsa Aforika. Pokello e ne e entswe ka dipina tse boutilweng ke bareetsi ba Bush Radio. E ne gape e tlhagisiwa mo kokoanyong ya 'Rhyme 'N Reason' e e neng ya gololwa ke Ready Rolled Records ka one ngwaga oo.<ref>[https://www.discogs.com/Various-Rhyme-N-Reason/release/1140933 "Various Artists – Rhyme N' Reason".] discogs. 2004.</ref> === ''Taxi Wars'' === Single ya bobedi e e tswang mo alebamong ya 'Taxi Wars' e ne ya amogelwa sentle ka go lekana. Pina e ne e tlhagisitswe ke Gemini mme ya mmona a repa mmogo le Snazz D le X-Amount. Pina e ne ya thusa go rarabolola dikgotlhang tsa dikgaolo tsa dikhomišene tsa dithekisi kwa Johannesburg. Bidio e ne e kaelwa ke Wessels le ene mme gape e ne ya bontshiwa mo kgatisong ya CD/DVD ya 'Afrolution Vol. 1 – Pokello ya Hip Hop ya Aforika ya Ntlha' e lokollotswe direkotong tsa Afrolution.<ref>[https://www.discogs.com/Various-Afrolution-Vol-1-The-Original-African-Hip-Hop-Compilation/release/1140520 "Various Artists – Afrolution Vol. 1".] discogs. 2005.</ref> Pina ya '8-3-1 (Ke a go Rata)', e e neng e neetswe Johannesburg, e ne ya tlhagisiwa mo Pineng ya Modumo ya Yizo Yizo 3 e e neng ya gololwa mo Khamphaning ya Direkoto ya CCP.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160408151634/http://152.111.1.87/argief/berigte/citypress/2004/04/25/C1/33/01.html "Yizo Yizo 3 unleashes a powerful ensemble of talent".] ''City Press''. South Africa. Archived from the original on 8 April 2016. Retrieved 26 March 2016</ref>Mo ngwageng oo, Mokgatlho wa Cashless o ne wa gapa dikabelo di le tharo tsa SAMA, mmogo le dikabelo di le nne kwa 'dikabong tsa Hip-Hop Indaba' tsa ngwaga le ngwaga kwa Cape Town.<ref>[http://africasacountry.com/2015/03/sahiphop2014-looking-back-at-the-year-that-was/ "#SAHipHop2014: Looking Back at the Year That Was".] ''Africasacountry.com''. Retrieved 26 March 2016.</ref>Setlhopha seno se ne sa tlhagelela mo khabareng ya kgatiso ya ntlha ya makasine wa HYPE, e leng kgatiso ya ntlha ya bosetšhaba ya hip-hop mo Aforika Borwa.<ref>[http://www.hypemagazine.co.za/ "HYPE Magazine".] Retrieved 26 March 2016.</ref>Ngwaga o o latelang o ne wa bona direkoto tse di sa gololwang tsa go rekota baopedi ba Snazz D le Young Nations ba tlhagelela mo papatsong ya ntlha ya hip-hop ya CNN Inside Africa.<ref>[http://consciousness.co.za/thoughts-of-a-young-nation/ "Thoughts of a Young Nation".] ''Consciousness.co.za''. Retrieved 26 March 2016</ref> == Discography == === Dikgatiso === ; Albums<ref name=":3">[https://www.discogs.com/artist/106756-Cashless-Society "Cashless Society – Discography".] discogs. Retrieved 29 March 2016.</ref> ;* '''''African Raw Material Vol. 1'' – Cashless Society, Unreleased Records (CDUR 1000) (2003)''' ; Singles<ref name=":3" /> ;* ''Blaze Tha Breaks'' – Cashless Society b/w "Place for a Wife" – Mizchif, Fondle 'Em Records (FE-SA1) (2000) ;* ''Blaze Tha Breaks'' – Cashless Society, Unreleased Records (CDUR 001) (2001) === Guest appearances === ; * "Blaze Tha Breaks" by Cashless Society on ''Sweet Sixteen: Vol. 16'' – DJ MK, MK Enterprizes (MK-16) (2000) * "Blaze Tha Breaks" (featuring Snazz D, Black Intellect & X-Amount) by Cashless Society on ''Farewell Fondle 'Em'' – V.A., Definitive Jux (DJX-19) (2001) * "Hottentot Hop (Bantu 1, 2)" by Cashless Society on ''Silvertab Harambe Dope Sessions'' – Various Artists, DIY Records (2003) * "Hottentot Hop (Bantu 1, 2)" by Cashless Society on ''Rhyme 'N Reason'' – Various Artists, Ready Rolled Records (RRRCD 009) (2004) * "8-3-1 (I Love You)" by Cashless Society on ''Yizo Yizo 3'' – Various Artists, CCP Record Company (CDYIZO (WL) 3) (2004) * "Dolly Partin'" by Cashless Society on ''Smirnoff Spin Hype Sessions Vol. 1'' – Various Artists, HYPE Magazine (2005) * "Taxi Wars" by Cashless Society on ''Afrolution Vol. 1 – The Original African Hip Hop Collection'' – Various Artists, Afrolution Records (afrolution001) (2005) * "Hottentot Hop (Bantu 1, 2)" by Cashless Society on ''African Grooves Volume 13'' – Various Artists, Blue Pie (2008) == Go etela mafatshe, Dipontsho tse di Botlhokwa le Bo be ga kgang == Cashless Society e tshamekile le go nna setlhogo sa dipontsho mo Aforika Borwa le Botswana ka bobedi. Ba ne ba bulela Dead Prez le Blak Twang kwa Johannesburg le Gaborone ka bobedi ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a roabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe (1999). Setlhopha seno gape se ne sa bulela [[Jean Grae]], [[Rre Len]] le [[Bobbito]] kwa Johannesburg. Di ne di tlhagisiwa mo khabareng ya Makasine wa HYPE mo kgatisong ya ntlha ya kgatiso eno. Makasine wa ntlha wa naga ka bophara wa hip-hop o o neng wa gatisiwa le mo Aforika Borwa.<ref>[https://stfrancisredblog.wordpress.com/2013/08/07/mzansi-wednesdayz-remembering-_-cashless-society/ "Remembering Cashless Society"]. ''Remembering Mzanzi Wednesdays''. Retrieved 29 March 2016.</ref> == Maloko a setlhopha sa mmino == * Dave Balsher (Draztik) – producer, lyricist * Alfred Chirwa (Criminal) – lyricist * Julian Du Plessis (Snazz D) – producer, lyricist * Jerry Kai Lewis (Black Intellect) – lyricist * Thabiso Mofokeng (Gemini) – producer, lyricist * Salim Mosidinyane (Fat Free) – lyricist * Kwezi Ngcakani (X-Amount) – producer, lyricist * Tyrone Phillips (Tizeye) – lyricist == Dietsele == === Dietsele tse di fentsweng === {| class="wikitable" |+ !ngwaga !seetsele !seetsele sa eng |- |2004 |Best Hip-Hop Album (African Raw Material Vol. 1) |SAMA |- |2004 |Best South African Rap Song (Hottentot Hop Bantu 1,2) |SAMA |- |2004 |Best South African Music Video (Hottentot Hop Bantu 1,2 |SAMA |} == Metswedi == qb9nvu3k40krexrgti0xawh835ccdn3 0 14745 53490 2026-07-28T15:01:51Z JudithShe 9421 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1353822108|Samuel O. Outlule]]" 53490 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Samuel Otsile Outlule''' (o tshotswe kaPhukwi a le malatsi a robabobedi ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a matlhano le bosupa) e ne e le moemedin wa sennela ruri ( Moemedi ) wa lefatshe la [[Botswana]] kwa lekgotleng la United Nations go tswa ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano go fitlhelela ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le lesome. O ne a neela mokwaledimogolo wa United Nations makwalo a gagwe a boitshupo ka di Phalane a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano, a tsaya maemo a ga Alfred M. Dube. O kile a bo a na le mo maemong a kwa lephateng la merero ya mafatshe a sele la Botswana, mme a nna mothusa mookamedi wa Aforika le Botlhabagare ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le bosupa le mookamedi wa botsalano jwa mafatshe a sele ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe le borobabongwe. Ka Ngwanatsele ngwaga wa dikete pedi, o ne a nna mokwaledimogolo wa palamente le mokwaledi wa ga tautona [[Festus Mogae]] . Outlule o berekile e le mokwaledimogolo kwa lephateng la banana, metshameko le mgwao dikgwedi di le mmalwa ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le lesome, mme a tlhomiwa go nna moemedi o mosha wa Botswana kwa European Union ka Ngwanatsele ngwag wa dikete pedi le lesome, a tsena mo boemong jwa ga T. Modise. O tlhokafetse ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bobedi. <ref name="r703">{{Cite news|title=A tribute to Ambassador Outlule|author=BWGovernment|work=MmegiOnline [The Reporter]|date=30 May 2022|url=https://www.mmegi.bw/ampArticle/103744|access-date=12 May 2026}}</ref> <ref name="s535">{{Cite news|author=Kanono|title=OACPS MOURNS THE DEATH OF AMBASSADOR OUTLULE|work=The Patriot On Sunday|date=26 May 2022|url=https://thepatriot.co.bw/oacps-mourns-the-death-of-ambassador-outlule/amp/|access-date=12 May 2026}}</ref> == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} cep9umc5xmpvx4o9awdjo6ywjdlf51x 53492 53490 2026-07-28T15:03:15Z JudithShe 9421 Ke baakantse diphoso tsa go peleta #Wikipedia25BW 53492 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Samuel Otsile Outlule''' (o tshotswe ka Phukwi a le malatsi a robabobedi ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a matlhano le bosupa) e ne e le moemedi wa sennela ruri ( Moemedi ) wa lefatshe la [[Botswana]] kwa lekgotleng la United Nations go tswa ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano go fitlhelela ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le lesome. O ne a neela mokwaledimogolo wa [[United Nations General Assembly|United Nations]] makwalo a gagwe a boitshupo ka di Phalane a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano, a tsaya maemo a ga Alfred M. Dube. O kile a bo a na le mo maemong a kwa lephateng la merero ya mafatshe a sele la [[Botswana]], mme a nna mothusa mookamedi wa [[Aferika|Aforika]] le Botlhabagare ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le bosupa le mookamedi wa botsalano jwa mafatshe a sele ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe le borobabongwe. Ka Ngwanatsele ngwaga wa dikete pedi, o ne a nna mokwaledimogolo wa palamente le mokwaledi wa ga tautona [[Festus Mogae]] . Outlule o berekile e le mokwaledimogolo kwa lephateng la banana, metshameko le mgwao dikgwedi di le mmalwa ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le lesome, mme a tlhomiwa go nna moemedi o mosha wa Botswana kwa [[European Union]] ka Ngwanatsele ngwag wa dikete pedi le lesome, a tsena mo boemong jwa ga T. Modise. O tlhokafetse ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bobedi. <ref name="r703">{{Cite news|title=A tribute to Ambassador Outlule|author=BWGovernment|work=MmegiOnline [The Reporter]|date=30 May 2022|url=https://www.mmegi.bw/ampArticle/103744|access-date=12 May 2026}}</ref> <ref name="s535">{{Cite news|author=Kanono|title=OACPS MOURNS THE DEATH OF AMBASSADOR OUTLULE|work=The Patriot On Sunday|date=26 May 2022|url=https://thepatriot.co.bw/oacps-mourns-the-death-of-ambassador-outlule/amp/|access-date=12 May 2026}}</ref> == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} od19vet85guac7rsau0a1j6ojimqu65 0 14746 53491 2026-07-28T15:02:30Z Lucrucia98 12161 #Wikipedia25BW ke ranotse tsebe ya Louis Matshwenyego Fisher 53491 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Louis Matshwenyego Fisher''' e ne e le molaodi wa [[Sesole sa Botswana (BDF)]] go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi (1998) go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro (2006). Ke moamogedi wa Légion d'honneur le Sekgele sa Tautona sa Tlotlo.<ref name=":0">[http://www.gov.bw/cgi-bin/news.cgi?d=20050928 A soldier and a gentleman".] ''Botswana Press Agency''. The Government of Botswana. 28 September 2005. Retrieved 1 August 2007</ref><ref name=":1">Rupiya, Martin, ed. (October 2005). [https://web.archive.org/web/20070928054735/http://www.iss.org.za/pubs/Books/Evol_Revol%20Oct%2005/Contents.htm ''Evolutions & Revolutions: A Contemporary History of Militaries in Southern Africa''.] Institute for Security Studies. pp.&#x20;vi. Archived from the original on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 1 August 2007.</ref> O tsholetswe kwa motseng wa Tsau mo [[kgaolong ya Ngamiland]], e jaanong e leng karolo ya [[kgaolo ya Bokone-Bophirima]], Fisher o tsere dithuto tsa gagwe tse dipotlana kwa [[Maun Concentrated Solar Power Station|Maun,]] kwa sekoleng se sebotlana sa Moremi III, mme dithuto tsa gagwe tse dikgolwane kwa [[Materi Spei College]] kwa [[Francistown]]. O tsene kwa Mmmadikolo wa Botswana mme a aloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le borobabobedi (1978) ka dikirii ya [[Bachelor of Arts]] mo dithutong tsa sepolotiki. O ne a tsenela BDF ka one ngwaga oo.<ref name=":0" /> Mo dingwageng di le masome a mabedi tse di latelang, Fisher o ne a tsena le go aloga kwa Kholetšheng ya Taolo le Badiri ba Kakaretso (CGSC), Kholetšheng ya Ntwa ya Sesole sa U.S. (USAWC), le Sekolo sa Morago ga Dialogane sa Sesole sa Lewatle, mme a bona didikirii tsa masetase mo Tsamaisong ya Kgwebo le Tsamaiso ya Setšhaba. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi (1998), o ne a tsenngwa mo Holong ya Botumo ya Batlhankedi ba Boditšhabatšhaba ya CGSC le [[International Fellows Hall of Fame]] ya USAWC.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> O tsere taolo ya BDF ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi (1998), a tlhatlhama [[Seretse Ian Khama]],<ref>Kenosi, Lekoko (September 2002). "T[https://web.archive.org/web/20070928054722/http://www.iss.org.za/pubs/Books/OurselvesToKnow/Contents.html he Botswana Defence Force and public trust: The military dilemma in a democracy".] In R. Williams; G. Cawthra; D. Abrahams (eds.). ''[http://www.iss.org.za/pubs/Books/OurselvesToKnow/Contents.html Ourselves to Know: Civil-Military Relations and Defence Transformation in Southern Africa]''. Institute for Security Studies. p.&#x20;198. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 1 August 2007.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20051113223132/http://www.gov.bw/cgi-bin/news.cgi?d=20040406&i=Mogae_among_thousands_at_27th_BDF_Day "Mogae among thousands at 27th BDF Day".] ''Botswana Press Agency''. The Government of Botswana. 6 April 2004. Archived from the original on 13 November 2005. Retrieved 1 August 2007.</ref>morwa wa Tautona wa pele [[Seretse Khama|Sir Seretse Khama]], kgosi e kgolo ya morafe wa Bangwato, le Tautona wa ga jaana wa Botswana.<ref>Swatuk, Larry A. (May 1999). [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927223313/http://www.africafiles.org/article.asp?ID=3758 "Botswana: The opposition implodes".] ''Southern Africa Report''. '''14''' (3): 27–30. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 1 August 2007.</ref>O itotse tiro ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e thola bongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro (2006), mme a tlhatlhangwa ke [[Tebogo Masire.]]<ref>[http://www.mmegi.bw/2006/October/Friday27/9976358941912.html "Masire appointed BDF commander"]. ''Mmegi''. 27 October 2006. Retrieved 1 August 2007</ref><ref>[http://www.mmegi.bw/2006/October/Monday30/8060346641459.html "Fisher Motivates Soldiers".] ''Mmegi''. 30 October 2006. Retrieved 1 August 2007.</ref> Fisher jaanong ke moemedi wa boemedi jwa Botswana kwa Nigeria.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070627055845/http://www.ngamitimes.com/index1.html "Masire to succeed Fisher at BDF".] ''The Ngami Times''. 17 November 2006. Archived from the original on 27 June 2007. Retrieved 1 August 2007</ref> == Metswedi == e2u1axw1xkyyzzu9wmeztmo2hrq791r 0 14747 53493 2026-07-28T15:08:52Z JudithShe 9421 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342729851|Henry Newman (businessman)]]" 53493 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Henry Newman''' ke mogwebi [[Botswana|wa Botswana]], e bile ke ene motlhami le mmereki wa tsa botegeniki wa Verbosec. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=THE AI REVOLUTION |url=https://www.pressreader.com/botswana/the-voice-botswana/20241101/281745569891852?srsltid=AfmBOoqFv2zXRFQZM-QwxWOrRBVyIH_tz9e_c2UkTnfpeU2bHIvz8Hyk |access-date=2024-12-01 |website=[[PressReader]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tlhankane |first=Mompati |date=2021-01-15 |title=Forbes 30 under 30 finalists embark on a blood donation drive |url=https://www.mmegi.bw/lifestyle/forbes-30-under-30-finalists-embark-on-a-blood-donation-drive/news |access-date=2024-12-01 |website=Mmegi Online |language=en}}</ref> == Botshelo jwa a le mmotlana le thuto == Newman o tsholetswe le go golela kwa toropo kgolo ya [[Gaborone]] kwa le ene a feditseng bongwana jwa gagwe teng. O dirile dithuto tsa gagwe tsa sekolo se segolwane kwa sekolong sa St. Joseph's College kwa Kgale. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=THE AI REVOLUTION |url=https://www.pressreader.com/botswana/the-voice-botswana/20241101/281745569891852?srsltid=AfmBOoqFv2zXRFQZM-QwxWOrRBVyIH_tz9e_c2UkTnfpeU2bHIvz8Hyk |access-date=2024-12-01 |website=[[PressReader]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.pressreader.com/botswana/the-voice-botswana/20241101/281745569891852?srsltid=AfmBOoqFv2zXRFQZM-QwxWOrRBVyIH_tz9e_c2UkTnfpeU2bHIvz8Hyk "THE AI REVOLUTION"]. ''[[PressReader]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 December</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Adamson |first=Kabelo |date=2021-02-03 |title=Innovative twins enter food tech space » TheVoiceBW |url=https://thevoicebw.com/innovative-twins-enter-food-tech-space/ |access-date=2024-12-01 |website=TheVoiceBW |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Tsa pereko == O ne a ttsena mo loetong lwa kgwebo ka go tlhama maranyane a dikhopmutara le morwarraagwe, Henry Newman ba tlhama kompone ya verbosec ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borbabongwe. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Adamson |first=Kabelo |date=2021-02-03 |title=Innovative twins enter food tech space » TheVoiceBW |url=https://thevoicebw.com/innovative-twins-enter-food-tech-space/ |access-date=2024-12-01 |website=TheVoiceBW |language=en-GB}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFAdamson2021">Adamson, Kabelo (3 February 2021). [https://thevoicebw.com/innovative-twins-enter-food-tech-space/ "Innovative twins enter food tech space » TheVoiceBW"]. ''TheVoiceBW''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 December</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mathala |first=Sharon |date=2020-09-29 |title=Redefining entrepreneurship » TheVoiceBW |url=https://thevoicebw.com/redefining-entrepreneurship/ |access-date=2024-12-01 |website=TheVoiceBW |language=en-GB}}</ref> Newman o ne a tswelela go simolola skompone e e isang dijo kwa bathong ya Zesta (kwa pele e neng e le Square Eats) ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le masome a mabedi ka nako ya [[Segajaja sa Covid-19 mo Botswana|segajaja sa COVID-19]]. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Square Eats: delivering food and drinks to your doorstep – YourBotswana |url=https://yourbotswana.com/2020/11/18/square-eats-delivering-food-and-drinks-to-your-doorstep/ |access-date=2024-12-01 |language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Release |first=Press |date=2021-01-13 |title=Square Eats Announces Plans for Expansion into South Africa |url=https://tech.africa/square-eats-south-africa/ |access-date=2024-12-01 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bone, kompone ya gagwe ya Verbosec e ne ya simolola serala sa go tlhagisa e e dirilweng ka AI e e bidiwang Nexus AI. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Galeragwe|first=Moshe|date=|title=Botswana Estonia partner to develop AI strategy|url=https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/78273}}</ref> == Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe == * [[Theo Baloyi]] * [[Elliot Moshoke]] * [[Bogolo Kenewendo]] == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} [[Karolo:Articles with hCards]] djci20qcti6l3y42z9xcrh9q34h8p8o 53494 53493 2026-07-28T15:11:03Z JudithShe 9421 Ke tsentse infobox #Wikipedia25BW 53494 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Henry Newman|birth_place=Gaborone, Botswana|occupation=Mogwebi|known for=go tlhama [[Zesta]], Verbosec|relatives=[[Randall Newman]] motsalwa le ene wa monna|website=https://henrynewman.info/}} '''Henry Newman''' ke mogwebi [[Botswana|wa Botswana]], e bile ke ene motlhami le mmereki wa tsa botegeniki wa Verbosec. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=THE AI REVOLUTION |url=https://www.pressreader.com/botswana/the-voice-botswana/20241101/281745569891852?srsltid=AfmBOoqFv2zXRFQZM-QwxWOrRBVyIH_tz9e_c2UkTnfpeU2bHIvz8Hyk |access-date=2024-12-01 |website=[[PressReader]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tlhankane |first=Mompati |date=2021-01-15 |title=Forbes 30 under 30 finalists embark on a blood donation drive |url=https://www.mmegi.bw/lifestyle/forbes-30-under-30-finalists-embark-on-a-blood-donation-drive/news |access-date=2024-12-01 |website=Mmegi Online |language=en}}</ref> == Botshelo jwa a le mmotlana le thuto == Newman o tsholetswe le go golela kwa toropo kgolo ya [[Gaborone]] kwa le ene a feditseng bongwana jwa gagwe teng. O dirile dithuto tsa gagwe tsa sekolo se segolwane kwa sekolong sa St. Joseph's College kwa Kgale. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=THE AI REVOLUTION |url=https://www.pressreader.com/botswana/the-voice-botswana/20241101/281745569891852?srsltid=AfmBOoqFv2zXRFQZM-QwxWOrRBVyIH_tz9e_c2UkTnfpeU2bHIvz8Hyk |access-date=2024-12-01 |website=[[PressReader]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.pressreader.com/botswana/the-voice-botswana/20241101/281745569891852?srsltid=AfmBOoqFv2zXRFQZM-QwxWOrRBVyIH_tz9e_c2UkTnfpeU2bHIvz8Hyk "THE AI REVOLUTION"]. ''[[PressReader]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 December</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Adamson |first=Kabelo |date=2021-02-03 |title=Innovative twins enter food tech space » TheVoiceBW |url=https://thevoicebw.com/innovative-twins-enter-food-tech-space/ |access-date=2024-12-01 |website=TheVoiceBW |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Tsa pereko == O ne a ttsena mo loetong lwa kgwebo ka go tlhama maranyane a dikhopmutara le morwarraagwe, Henry Newman ba tlhama kompone ya verbosec ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borbabongwe. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Adamson |first=Kabelo |date=2021-02-03 |title=Innovative twins enter food tech space » TheVoiceBW |url=https://thevoicebw.com/innovative-twins-enter-food-tech-space/ |access-date=2024-12-01 |website=TheVoiceBW |language=en-GB}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFAdamson2021">Adamson, Kabelo (3 February 2021). [https://thevoicebw.com/innovative-twins-enter-food-tech-space/ "Innovative twins enter food tech space » TheVoiceBW"]. ''TheVoiceBW''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 December</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mathala |first=Sharon |date=2020-09-29 |title=Redefining entrepreneurship » TheVoiceBW |url=https://thevoicebw.com/redefining-entrepreneurship/ |access-date=2024-12-01 |website=TheVoiceBW |language=en-GB}}</ref> Newman o ne a tswelela go simolola skompone e e isang dijo kwa bathong ya Zesta (kwa pele e neng e le Square Eats) ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le masome a mabedi ka nako ya [[Segajaja sa Covid-19 mo Botswana|segajaja sa COVID-19]]. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Square Eats: delivering food and drinks to your doorstep – YourBotswana |url=https://yourbotswana.com/2020/11/18/square-eats-delivering-food-and-drinks-to-your-doorstep/ |access-date=2024-12-01 |language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Release |first=Press |date=2021-01-13 |title=Square Eats Announces Plans for Expansion into South Africa |url=https://tech.africa/square-eats-south-africa/ |access-date=2024-12-01 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bone, kompone ya gagwe ya Verbosec e ne ya simolola serala sa go tlhagisa e e dirilweng ka AI e e bidiwang Nexus AI. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Galeragwe|first=Moshe|date=|title=Botswana Estonia partner to develop AI strategy|url=https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/78273}}</ref> == Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe == * [[Theo Baloyi]] * [[Elliot Moshoke]] * [[Bogolo Kenewendo]] == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} [[Karolo:Articles with hCards]] 352bx4wc3dnyiyxijvace1raj3qs1v6 0 14748 53495 2026-07-28T15:18:25Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya a Tebogo Tau #Wikipedia25BW 53495 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tebogo Tau''' ke moatlhodi wa kwa [[Botswana]] o o berekang gompieno e le tautona wa [[Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo|kgotlatshekelo ya boikuelo.]]<ref>Sennamose, Olekantse (8 May 2023). [https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/72930 "Justice Tau Gives Appellant Chance to Resubmit".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 28 July 2026</ref><ref>Ramadubu, Dikarabo (5 November 2021). [https://www.pressreader.com/botswana/botswana-guardian/20211105/page/8 "Hail the trailblazer,Judge Tau".] ''Botswana Guardian''. p.&nbsp;8. Retrieved 28 July 2026</ref> O thapilwe mo maemong a ka Morule a rogwa ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso ke tautona [[Mokgweetsi Masisi|Mokgweetsi Masisi.]] Pele Tau o ne a bereka e le mothusa mokwadisi mogolo wa kgotlatshekelo ya [[Lobatse]].<ref>[https://www.sundaystandard.info/motshidi-launches-scathing-attack-against-justice-tau/ "Motshidi launches scathing attack against Justice Tau".] ''Sunday Standard''. 2023-09-23. Retrieved 28 July 2026</ref><ref>[https://dullahomarinstitute.org.za/acjr/news/corruption-judge-appointed-to-reduce-delays ""Corruption" judge appointed to reduce delays".] ''Dullah Omar Institute''. Retrieved 28 July 2026</ref> == Metswedi == 0k95pxo38th3hzp8gbeu8tp9gjmm0ms 0 14749 53496 2026-07-28T15:24:12Z Lucrucia98 12161 #Wikipedia25BW ke ranotse tsebe ya Linchwe II Kgafela 53496 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Linchwe II Kgafela''' (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e thola bobedi ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mararo le botlhano (1935) a bo a tlhokafala ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bosupa (2007), yo o itsegeng gape ka leina la <nowiki>'''</nowiki>Kgosi Linchwe II<nowiki>'''</nowiki>, e ne e le kgosi e e kwa godimo (<nowiki>''</nowiki>kgosi<nowiki>''</nowiki>) ya batho ba Bakgatla-ba-Kgafela ba [[Botswana]] go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro lr boraro (1963) go fitlha a tlhokafala ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bosupa (2007). ke Tautona wa Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo ya Setso.   == Botshelo jwa bogologolo == Linchwe II o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e thola bobedi ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabonge le masome a mararo le botlhano (1935) kwa [[Mochudi|Mochud]]<nowiki/>i, kwa kgaolong ya [[tshireletso ya Bechuanaland]] kwa ga Molefi II le Motlatsi Pilane. E ne e le morwa a le esi wa ga Molefi II, kgosana ya Bakgatla-ba-Kgafela.<ref name=":0">Grant, Sandy (1985)[https://www.jstor.org/stable/40979735 . "A chronological career summary: Chief Linchwe II Kgafela".] ''Botswana Notes and Records''. '''17''': 47–52. ISSN&#x20;0525-5090.</ref><ref name=":1">[https://www.sundaystandard.info/kgosi-e-kgolo-linchwe-ii-1935-2007/ "Kgosi-e-kgolo Linchwe II (1935-2007) | Sunday Standard".] 2007-08-26. Retrieved 2026-06-27.</ref> == Bogosi == Morago ga loso lwa ga Molefi II, Linchwe II o ne a tlhongwa jaaka kgosi e kgolo ya Bakgatla-ba-Kgafela ka kgwedi ya Moranang e le borataro ka nagwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le mesome a marataro le boraro (1963).<ref name=":1" />Morago o ne a dira jaaka leloko la Ntlo ya Dikgosi (e jaanong e leng [[Ntlo ya Dikgosi]]) mme a nna kgosi go fitlhela a tlhokafala ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bosupa (2007).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240801103410/https://www.econbiz.de/Record/insecurity-of-chieftainship-and-its-implication-on-botswana-s-national-security-the-case-of-bakgatla-ba-ga-kgafela-rasetshwane-bushy-simon/10014486362 "Insecurity of chieftainship and its implication on Botswana´s national security : the case of Bakgatla Ba-Ga-Kgafela".] ''EconBiz''. Archived from the original on 2024-08-01. Retrieved 2026-06-29.</ref><ref>Cantwell, Louisa (2015-03-04). [[doi:10.1080/03057070.2015.1012910|"Chiefly Power in a Frontline State: Kgosi Linchwe II, the Bakgatla and Botswana in the South African Liberation Struggle, 1948–1994".]] ''Journal of Southern African Studies''. '''41''' (2): 255–272. doi:10.1080/03057070.2015.1012910. ISSN&#x20;0305-7070.</ref> == Tirelosetšhaba == Linchwe II o ne a dira jaaka moemedi wa Botswana kwa Amerika go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le borobabongwe (1969) go fitlha ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa la bobedi (1972).<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" />O ne gape a dira jaaka modulasetulo wa Lekgotla la Kgaolo la Kgatleng mme e ne e le Tautona wa Mokgatlho wa Kgwele ya Dinao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana ka dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa (1970).<ref name=":1" /> == Botshelo jwa motho ka namana == Linchwe II o ne a nyala Kathleen Nono Motsepe ka ngwaga wa ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le borataro (1966). Ba nna le bana ba le bane: Seingwaeng, Kgafela II, Bakgatla, le Mmusi Kgafela.<ref name=":1" /> == Loso le tlhatlhamano == Linchwe II o ne a tlhokafala ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bosupa (2007). O ne a tlhatlhangwa ke morwawe, Kgafela II, yo o neng a tlhongwa go nna kgosi ya Bakgatla-ba-Kgafela ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi (2008).<ref>Porsel, Christine (2014). [https://upjournals.up.ac.za/index.php/historia/article/view/1281 "Unity, diversity or separation? The Bakgatla-ba-Kgafela in the borderlands of Southern Africa".] ''Historia''. '''59''' (2). ISSN&#x20;2309-8392</ref> == Metswedi == 1vlf12hue3kerdwhcsmc3qdvnyutn4d 0 14750 53498 2026-07-28T16:32:34Z Lucrucia98 12161 #Wikipedia25BW ke ranotse tsebe ya Munjuku Nguvauva II 53498 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Munjuku Nguvauva II''' (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e thola bongwe ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mabedi le boraro (1923) a bo a thokafala ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi (2008) e ne e le kgosi e kgolo ya [[setso sa Namibia]] le moeteledipele wa batho ba [[Ovambanderu]], morafepotlana wa [[Baherero.]] Nguvauva gape e ne e le motlatsa kgosi ya Lekgotla la Baeteledipele ba Setso la Namibia.<ref name=":0">[http://allafrica.com/stories/200801170490.html "Mbanderu Chief Nguvauva Dies"]. ''The Namibian''. AllAfrica.com. 2008-01-17. Retrieved 2008-01-19.</ref> == Botshelo jwa ntlha le go tlhatlogela kwa bogosing == Nguvauva, setlogolo sa ga Kgosi ya Mbanderu [[Kahimemua]] [[Nguvauva,]] o tsholetswe kwa [[Maun]], [[Botswana]],ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e thola bongwe ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mabedi le boraro (1923) . Ga a ka a bona thuto epe e e tlhomameng mme o ne a godisiwa go nna moeteledipele wa lotso lwa gagwe mme a itsisiwe kitso le bokgoni jwa setso le setso.<ref name=":1">Dierks, Klaus. [http://www.klausdierks.com/Biographies/Biographies_N.htm "Biographies of Namibian Personalities, N".] www.klausdierks.com. Retrieved 14 April 2012.</ref>O tlhomilwe semmuso jaaka Kgosi ya setlhopha sa Mbanderu sa Botswana ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongw le masome a matlhano le bongwe (1951), mme fa a boela kwa Aforika Borwa-Bophirima ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongw le masome a matlhano le bobedi (1952) a tlhomiwa go nna Kgosi ya Mbanderu kwa [[Epukiro]] le [[Aminuis]]. Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e le lesome ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro (1960) o ne a tlhatlhosiwa go nna Kgosi e Kgolo.<ref name=":1" /> == Ditiro tsa sepolotiki == Nguvauva II o ne a tshegetsaTautona wa isago wa [[Namibia Sam Nujoma]] fa a ne a tshabela kwa botshabelo ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro (1960). Fa a ne a lalediwa go tla go buisana le Ditšhabakopano ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bobedi (1962), o ne a kopa Namibia go ipusa go tswa mo Aforika Borwa. Kgopolo eno e ne ya galefisa botsamaisi, maemo a gagwe a go nna Kgosi e Kgolo a ne a tlosiwa, mme Nikanor Hoveka, yo pele e neng e le Kgosi kwa Epukiro, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Kgosi e Kgolo ya Ovambanderu. Kgato e ke modi wa kganetsano e telele ka ga bogosi jo bogolo jwa Mbanderu.<ref name=":1" /> Nguvauva II morago ga moo o ne a gana maiteko ape a puso ya Aforika Borwa a go mo gapa gape ka go mo naya maemo mo pusong le mo Lekgotleng la Bogakolodi. Fa Lekgotla la Ditšhaba-ntsi la Borwa-Bophirima jwa Aforika le ne le tlhomiwa ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e thola bongwe ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le boraro (1973), o ne a gana go nna leloko la lekgotla leo. Le fa go ntse jalo o ne a lalediwa go nna sebui kwa bokhutlong jwa kopano ya boraro le ya bofelo ya Lekgotla kwa a neng a gana gape kgopolo ya go nna le seabe ka pelo e e sa felelang ga baagi ba naga ya Namibia mo tsamaisong ya merero ya bone: "Motho ga a kake a aga ntlo e e phanyegileng sešwa mo metheong e e bokoa - motho o tshwanetse go thuba kago pele a ka simolola sešwa."<ref name=":1" /> [[Dirk Mudge]], moeteledipele wa Mokgatlho wa setšhaba, o ne a leka go akaretsa Nguvauva II jaaka moemedi wa bokopano jwa Molaotheo ya Turnhalle ya ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bothano (1975) go ya ka mgwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bosupa (1977) mo boemeding jwa ga Clemens Kapuuo, Kgosi e Kgolo ya Baherero. Nguvauva o ne a gana seno ka gonne a ne a sa amogele bogolo jwa ga Kapuuo; o ne a tla tsenela fela jaaka karolo ya baemedi ba ba ikemetseng. Go na le moo o ne a tsenela Khonferense ya Okahandja, phuthego ya makoko a a neng a thibetswe go tsena mo dipuong tsa semmuso kwa kagong ya Turnhalle ya Windhoek.<ref name=":1" /> Munjuku Nguvauva II o ne a gana dikopo tse dingwe tsa go tsenela puso ya Aforika Borwa-Bophirima<ref name=":1" />mme morago ga moo a dira gore Lekgotla la Mbanderu le dire kgolagano le [[SWAPO]].<ref>Mashuna, Timotheus (13 April 2012). [http://www.newera.com.na/articles/44243/Munjuku-Nguvauva-II---The-Principled-Anti-Apartheid-Chief-of-the-Mbanderu-Community--1923-2008- "Munjuku Nguvauva II: The Principled Anti-Apartheid Chief of the Mbanderu Community (1923-2008)".] ''New Era''.</ref> == Kganetsano ya loso le tlhatlhamano == Botsogo jwa ga Nguvauva bo ne jwa simolola go wela tlase morago ga go tshwarwa ke seterouku ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone (2004) le gape ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano (2005). Mathata a a neng a bakilwe ke seterouku seno a ne a dira gore Nguvauva a se ka a kgona go bua sentle. O ne a fetsa nako e telele kwa Bookelong jwa Puso jwa Gobabis le kwa [[Bookelong jwa Roma Katoliki]] kwa Windhoek mo dingwageng di le mmalwa tse di latelang fa botsogo jwa gagwe bo ne bo tswelela go senyega.<ref name=":0" /> Nguvauva o ne a itlhaganelela go tswa kwa legaeng la gagwe kwa [[Ezorongondo]] mo [[Kgaolongtlhopho ya Epukiro]] go ya kwa [[Bookelong jwa Bogare jwa Windhoek]] ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e le lesome le bone ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi (2008). O ne a tlhokafala malatsi a mabedi moragonyana a le dingwaga di le masome a robabobedi le bone.<ref name=":0" />Fela morago ga loso lwa gagwe go ne ga nna le ntwa ya maatla ka ga go tlhatlhamana ga setulo sa bogosi sa Mbanderu.<ref name=":2">Weidlich, Brigitte (21 June 2010). [https://www.namibian.com.na/index.php?id=67357&page=archive-read "Rift between Mbanderu factions deepens".] ''The Namibian''</ref>Mongwe wa ba ba neng ba ka nna ntlhopheng e ne e le Motlatsatona wa Ditlhapi wa Namibia Kilus Nguvauva, yo e leng morwa wa ga Munjuku II Nguvauva go tswa mo botsalanong jwa nako e e fetileng. Kilus Nguvauva, fela jaaka rraagwe, o ne a tsholelwa kwa Botswana, moikopedi yo mongwe e ne e le morwarraagwe ka mmaagwe Keharanjo Nguvauva, yo ka nako eo a neng a le dingwaga di le masome a mabedi le boraro morwa wa ga Munjuku II Nguvauva le mosadi wa gagwe. [[Keharanjo Nguvauva]] o tsholetswe kwa Namibia mme o goletse kwa Botswana mmogo le monnawe yo mogolo ka mmaagwe. Keharanjo ka nako eo o ne a tsena sekolo sa molao mo [[Aforika Borwa]].<ref name=":0" /> Keharanjo Nguvauva o ne a dirwa kgosi ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi (2008). Tlhopho e ne ya netefadiwa ke khomišene ya dipatlisiso ya puso ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe (2009). Fa Keharanjo a ne a ipolaya ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bongwe (2011)<ref>Ndjoze, Nicanor (14 April 2011). [https://web.archive.org/web/20120331025648/http://www.newera.com.na/article.php?articleid=38300&title=Tribute%20to%20Chief%20Keharanjo%20II%20Nguvauva "Tribute to Chief Keharanjo II Nguvauva".] ''New Era''. Archived from the original on March 31, 2012</ref> ntwa ya tatelano e ne ya tsoga gape, mo lekgetlong leno fa gare ga Kilus Nguvaru le Aletha Nguvauva yo o neng a rwesiwa serwalatlhogo sa kgosigadi ke fa a le mongwe wa ga Ova Nguvava. Ke fela kwa bofelong jwa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014) fa go ne ga fitlhelelwa tshwetso fa puso e ne e swetsa ka gore e se ka ya ikuela kgatlhanong le tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le boraro (2013) e e neng e solegela Kilus Nguvauva molemo, yo o neng a rulaganyeditswe go tswa ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e le masome a mabedi le boraro.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20141110235904/http://www.newera.com.na/2014/10/17/government-u-turn-ovambanderu-appeal/ "Government makes U-turn in Ovambanderu appeal".] ''New Era''. 17 October 2014. Archived from the original on November 10, 2014</ref>Maloko a Bothati jwa Setso jwa Ovambanderu a ne a kopile pele gore molaotheo wa morafe o fetolwe go letla phetogo e e borethe le go nna le lefoko le legolo mo go reng ke mang yo o nnang Kgosi. Boemo jo bo ne jwa ganediwa ke ba bangwe ba ba ipitsang "Setlhopha se se Tshwenyegang".<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":0" /> == Metswedi == myuozxxgyscnxp7z6zv8icpul90qm84 0 14751 53499 2026-07-28T16:47:50Z Lucrucia98 12161 #Wikipedia25BW ke ranotse tsebe ya Valentine Tsamma Seane 53499 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Valentine Tsamma Seane''' (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatselee thola bobedi ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le borataro (1966) ke mobishopo wa pele wa Lekgotla la Roma la Katoliki kwa Gaborone kwa kerekeng e kgolo ya ga Keresete Kgosi kwa Gaborone, Botswana. Ke Motswana wa bobedi go nna bishopo mo Botswana. == Baekerafi == Valentine Tsamma Seane o tsholetswe kwa Lobatse, Botswana mme a tlhomiwa go nna moruti ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e le lesome le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bone (1994). Seane o ne a tlhomiwa go nna bishopo wa [[Diocese ya Gaborone]] ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e thola botlhano ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe (2009) mme a tlhomiwa ka kgwedi ya Moranang e le masome a mabedi le botlhano ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe (2009).<ref>[http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bseane.html "Bishop Valentine Tsamma Seane".] Catholic-Hierarchy. 20 February 2011. Archived from the original on 23 September 2012. Retrieved 24 July 2012.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bosupa (2017), Mopapa Francis o ne a laela gore a lelekwe mo tirong.<ref>[https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/it/bollettino/pubblico/2017/08/09/0517/01152.html "Rinunce e nomine".] ''press.vatican.va'' (in Italian). Holy See Press Office. 9 August 2017. Retrieved 9 August 2017.</ref> == Kganetsano == Seane o ntse a amega mo dikganetsanong tse di amanang le go tlhomiwa ga gagwe. Batshegetsi ba ga Rre Johannes Kgaodi, moruti kwa Kerekeng ya Katoliki ya Corpus kwa Broadhurst, ba boletse fa Kgaodi e le motlhatlhami yo o tshwanetseng wa sereto sa bishopo.<ref>Tsimane, Edgar (7 February 2011). [http://www.sundaystandard.info/article.php?NewsID=9881&GroupID=1 "Struggle for Bishop's mitre splits Botswana Catholic Church".] Sunday Standard. Retrieved 24 July 2012</ref>Lekoko leno le umaka go gatelela ga ga Seane gore a hire ntlo ya dipula di le dimilione di le 2 (US$312,000 go tloga ka kgwedi ya Moranangka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bongwe (2011) a dirisa madi a kereke go na le go dirisa e e neng e tlametswe ke kereke jaaka tiro e e belaetsang le ya bonweenwee jaaka bishopo.<ref>Tsimane, Edgar (28 April 2011). [http://www.sundaystandard.info/article.php?NewsID=10582&GroupID=1 "'Investigate Bishop Seane' – Catholics call".] Sunday Standard. Archived from the original on 29 April 2011. Retrieved 24 July 2012</ref> == Bona gape == * Diocese ya Gaborone == Metswedi == 2ioyuxdk6zu51f2yzg06juaflaib51n 53542 53499 2026-07-29T07:23:11Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53542 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Valentine Tsamma Seane''' (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatselee thola bobedi ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le borataro (1966) ke mobishopo wa pele wa Lekgotla la Roma la Katoliki kwa Gaborone kwa kerekeng e kgolo ya ga Keresete Kgosi kwa Gaborone, Botswana. Ke Motswana wa bobedi go nna bishopo mo Botswana. == Baekerafi == Valentine Tsamma Seane o tsholetswe kwa Lobatse, Botswana mme a tlhomiwa go nna moruti ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e le lesome le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bone (1994). Seane o ne a tlhomiwa go nna bishopo wa [[Diocese ya Gaborone]] ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e thola botlhano ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe (2009) mme a tlhomiwa ka kgwedi ya Moranang e le masome a mabedi le botlhano ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe (2009).<ref>[http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bseane.html "Bishop Valentine Tsamma Seane".] Catholic-Hierarchy. 20 February 2011. Archived from the original on 23 September 2012. Retrieved 24 July 2012.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bosupa (2017), Mopapa Francis o ne a laela gore a lelekwe mo tirong.<ref>[https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/it/bollettino/pubblico/2017/08/09/0517/01152.html "Rinunce e nomine".] ''press.vatican.va'' (in Italian). Holy See Press Office. 9 August 2017. Retrieved 9 August 2017.</ref> == Kganetsano == Seane o ntse a amega mo dikganetsanong tse di amanang le go tlhomiwa ga gagwe. Batshegetsi ba ga Rre Johannes Kgaodi, moruti kwa Kerekeng ya Katoliki ya Corpus kwa Broadhurst, ba boletse fa Kgaodi e le motlhatlhami yo o tshwanetseng wa sereto sa bishopo.<ref>Tsimane, Edgar (7 February 2011). [http://www.sundaystandard.info/article.php?NewsID=9881&GroupID=1 "Struggle for Bishop's mitre splits Botswana Catholic Church".] Sunday Standard. Retrieved 24 July 2012</ref>Lekoko leno le umaka go gatelela ga ga Seane gore a hire ntlo ya dipula di le dimilione di le 2 (US$312,000 go tloga ka kgwedi ya Moranangka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bongwe (2011) a dirisa madi a kereke go na le go dirisa e e neng e tlametswe ke kereke jaaka tiro e e belaetsang le ya bonweenwee jaaka bishopo.<ref>Tsimane, Edgar (28 April 2011). [https://web.archive.org/web/20110429233746/http://www.sundaystandard.info/article.php?NewsID=10582&GroupID=1 "'Investigate Bishop Seane' – Catholics call".] Sunday Standard. Archived from the original on 29 April 2011. Retrieved 24 July 2012</ref> == Bona gape == * Diocese ya Gaborone == Metswedi == m0eapnjgyuhd11y4of2j6e5whc3nyo9 0 14752 53503 2026-07-28T17:19:44Z Lucrucia98 12161 #Wikipedia25BW ke ranotse tsebe ya Matshidiso Moeti 53503 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Matshidiso Rebecca Natalie Moeti''' ke ngaka ya Motswana, moitseanape wa boitekanelo jwa setšhaba le motsamaisi wa tsa kalafi yo o neng a dira jaaka Mokaedi wa Kgaolo wa Kantoro ya Kgaolo ya Mokgatlho wa Lefatshe wa Boitekanelo wa Aforika (AFRO), e e kwa ntlokgolong kwa [[Brazzaville,]] Rephaboliki ya Congo, go tloga ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015) go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025)<ref>McNeil Jr., Donald G. (27 January 2015). [https://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/28/world/africa/botswana-doctor-is-named-to-lead-who-in-africa.html "Botswana Doctor Is Named to Lead W.H.O. in Africa".] ''The New York Times''.</ref><ref>[https://www.who.int/director-general/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-farewell-remarks-for-outgoing-regional-director-moeti---4-february-2025 "WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the farewell remarks for outgoing Regional Director Moeti – 4 February 2025".] ''www.who.int''. Retrieved 2025-05-30.</ref><ref name=":0">World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa (1 February 2015). [https://web.archive.org/web/20150131080910/http://www.afro.who.int/en/sixty-fourth-session/rd-nomination/biography-dr-moeti.html "Biography – Dr Matshidiso Rebecca Moeti – WHO Regional Director for Africa".] Brazzaville. Archived from the original on January 31, 2015. Retrieved 15 June 2017.</ref> == Botshelo jwa ntlha le thuto == Moeti o tsholetswe mo Aforika Borwa ka dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano (1950).<ref name=":0" />Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le borobabobedi (1978), o ne a bona dikirii ya gagwe ya MBBS kwa Sekolong sa Bongaka sa Royal Free Hospital sa Yunibesithi ya Lontone. Moragonyana, ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borataro (1986), o ne a aloga ka Masetase ya Saense mo Botsogong jwa Baagi jwa Dinaga Tse di Tlhabologang kwa Sekolong sa London sa Bophepa le Kalafi ya Boboatsatsi. == Mokgwa wa go itshetsa le tswelelopele == Mo tshimologong ya dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe (1990), Moeti o ne a direla lephata la botsogo la Botswana. Morago ga moo o ne a tsenela UNAIDS, a tlhatlogela kwa maemong a Moeteledipele wa Setlhopha sa Aforika le Middle East Desk, e e kwa Geneva, go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bosupa (1997) go fitlha ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe (1999). Gape o ne a dira jaaka Mogakolodi wa Pholo wa Kgaolo wa Ofisi ya Kgaolo ya UNICEF ya Aforika Botlhaba le Borwa.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20241026154601/https://www.afro.who.int/regional-director/biography "Dr Matshidiso Moeti"]. ''WHO | Regional Office for Africa''. Archived from the original on 2024-10-26. Retrieved 2022-09-23.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe (1999), Moeti o ne a tsenela Ofisi ya Kgaolo ya WHO mo Aforika, a dira ka HIV/AIDS. O ne a tlhomiwa go nna Mothusa Mokaedi wa Kgaolo, a direla mo maemong ao go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi (2008) go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le motso (2011). Gape o ne a direla jaaka Mokaedi wa Malwetse a a sa Tshelanweng kwa ofising ya kgaolo. Go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano (2005) go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bosupa (2007), o ne a direla jaaka Moemedi wa Naga wa WHO kwa Malawi. Ka nako ya fa a ne a tlhomiwa mo maemong a gagwe a ga jaana, e ne e le Mogokaganyi wa Setlhopha sa Tshegetso sa Dinaga Tse di Farologaneng sa dinaga tsa Aforika Borwa le Botlhaba tsa Kgaolo ya Aforika ya WHO.<ref name=":1">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150128043154/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/notes/2015/dr-matshidiso-moeti/en/ "WHO Executive Board Appoints Dr Matshidiso Moeti As New Regional Director for Africa"]. WHO Media Centre. 27 January 2015. Archived from the original on January 28, 2015. Retrieved 28 January 2015.</ref> Moeti o tlhomilwe jaaka Mokaedi wa Kgaolo wa Kantoro ya Kgaolo ya WHO ya Aforika ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e le masome a mabedi le bosupa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015), ke Boto ya Khuduthamaga ya WHO e e neng e ntse kwa kopanong ya yona ya bo lekgolo le masome a mararo le borataro kwa Geneva, kwa Switzerland. O ne a nna mosadi wa ntlha go etelela pele ofisi eno.<ref>Timbiti, Watuwa (28 January 2015). [http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/664179-who-gets-new-africa-region-head.html "WHO Gets New Africa Region Head".] ''New Vision''. Kampala. Retrieved 28 January 2015.</ref>O ne a simolola tiro ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e thola bongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015), go dira paka e e ka ntšhwafadiwang ya dingwaga di le tlhano.<ref name=":1" />Seno se ne sa latela kamogelo ya ditona tsa boitekanelo tsa dinaga di le masome a mane le bosupa tse di leng maloko mo Kgaolong ya Aforika, kwa kopanong ya bone kwa Cotonou, Benin, ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesomele bone (2014). O tsere sebaka sa ga Luis Gomes Sambo wa Angola, yo o neng a dira jaaka Mokaedi wa AFRO go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano (2005) go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015).<ref>Elijah, Samuel (5 November 2014). [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-ebola-who-idUSKBN0IP1MW20141105 "WHO Veteran Elected As Head of Africa Office Amid Ebola Criticism"]. Reuters. Retrieved 28 January 2015.</ref>O ne a tlhophiwa gape mo pakeng ya bobedi ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2019).<ref>[http://botswana-brussels.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Press-Release-DR-MATSHIDISO-REBECCA-MOETI-ELECTED-TO-SERVE-FOR-A-SECOND-TERM-AS-THE-WHO-REGIONAL-DIRECTOR-FOR-AFRICA.pdf "Dr Matshidiso Rebecca Moeti elected to serve for a second term as the WHO Regional Director for Africa"] (PDF) (Press release). Gaborone: Botswana Ministry of International Affairs and Cooperation. 22 August 2019.</ref>O ne a tlhatlhangwa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025) ke Mohamed Yakub Janabi wa kwa Tanzania.<ref>Adepoju, Paul (2025-05-31). [https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(25)01141-9/abstract "Janabi elected as new WHO Regional Director for Africa".] ''The Lancet''. '''405''' (10493): 1896. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01141-9. ISSN&#x20;0140-6736</ref> == Ditiro tse dingwe == * Virchow Prize for Global Health, Member of the Council (since 2022) * Centre for International Health Protection (ZIG), Robert Koch Institute (RKI), Member of the Scientific Advisory Board (since 2020) * WomenLift Health, Member of the Global Advisory Board * World Health Summit, Member of the Council == Selected publications == [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Scholia_logo.svg|alt=logo|class=noviewer|40x40px]] Scholia has an ''author'' profile for '''''Matshidiso Moeti'''''. * {{Wikidata+icon|Q23915986|y}} * {{Wikidata+icon|Q33284723|y}} * {{Wikidata+icon|Q43927635|y}} * {{Wikidata+icon|Q46717997|y}} * {{Wikidata+icon|Q29196564|y}} * {{Wikidata+icon|Q38878266|y}} * {{Wikidata+icon|Q50057136|y}} * {{Wikidata+icon|Q94559773|y}} == Metswedi == jy8edkdyqay0pa3aso98ylyyctwfsvd 0 14753 53504 2026-07-28T17:31:15Z Lucrucia98 12161 #Wikipedia25BW ke ranotse tsebe ya Razia Khan 53504 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Razia Khan''' ke madibanka le moitseanape wa ikonomi go tswa kwa [[Botswana]]. == Mokgwa wa go itshetsa le tswelelopele == Razia Khan o tsholetswe kwa Botswana mme o na le didikirii tsa Bachelor ya Saense le Masetase ya Saense go tswa kwa Sekolong sa Ikonomi sa London.<ref name=":0">[https://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=4&aid=282&dir=2007/March/Wednesday14///////// Boffin on global markets visits her native Botswana"]. ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 21 November 2017.</ref>O ne a tsenela banka ya Borithane ya Standard Chartered ka ngwaga wa sekete ,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bosupa (1997) e le leloko la setlhopha sa bone sa thekiso ya dikhamphani pele ga a tsena mo tirong e a neng a dira dipatlisiso ka mebaraka ya madi a dinaga di sele ya Aforika.<ref name=":1">[https://www.weforum.org/people/razia-khan Razia Khan".] ''World Economic Forum''. Retrieved 19 November 2017.</ref> Khan jaanong ke moitseanape yo mogolo wa ikonomi wa Standard Chartered wa Aforika<ref>[https://www.sc.com/BeyondBorders/author/razia-khan/ Razia Khan - Chief Economist, Africa"]. ''Standard Chartered''. Retrieved 19 November 2017.</ref> O direla ofisi ya kgaolo ya banka ya Aforika le banka ya bone ya dithoto.<ref name=":0" />Khan o fana ka tshekatsheko ka ga diikonomi tsa ditšhaba tsa Aforika tsa dikomiti tsa ka fa gare tsa banka le bareki ba yona.<ref name=":1" />O gakolotse Lefapha la Matlotlo la United States, Banka ya Resefe ya Bosetšhaba ya New York, Banka ya Tlhabololo ya Aforika le dibanka tse dintsi tsa bogare tsa Aforika.<ref name=":1" />Gape o gakolotse mekgatlho e e seng ya puso, matlole a kgwebisano mme o neetse tshekatsheko ya CNN, BBC le CNBC.<ref name=":1" /> Khan o nna mo makgotleng a Foramo ya Ikonomi ya Lefatshe ya lehuma le tlhabololo; palo; le go fuduga.<ref>[http://norwegianafrican.no/news/13th-of-march-member-luncheon-with-ms-razia-khan-chief-economist-africa-standard-chartered-bank 13th of March: Member luncheon with Ms. Razia Khan, Chief Economist Africa, Standard Chartered Bank – NABA – Norwegian-African Business Association".] ''norwegianafrican.no''. Retrieved 19 November 2017</ref><ref name=":1" /> Ke leloko la boto ya bagakolodi ba Mokgatlho wa Bogosi wa Aforika mme o ne a bidiwa mongwe wa "Maaforika a le lekgolo a a nang le tlhotlheletso thata ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015)" ke makasine wa New African.<ref name=":0" /> == Metswedi == 44wmyej6rhkttp8veo218fnibhh2xq0 0 14754 53506 2026-07-28T17:38:16Z O Phelelo 12901 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359683913|Pitso Mosimane]]" 53506 wikitext text/x-wiki Pitso John Hamilton Mosimane (o tshotswe ka la bo 26 Phukwi 1964) ke motshameki wa pele wa kgwele ya dinao wa seporofešenale wa Aforika Borwa mme ga jaana ke mokatisi. == Playing career == Mosimane o simolotse tiro ya gagwe ya maemo a kwa godimo kwa Jomo Cosmos,morago ga moo,a tshamekela setlhopha sa Orlando Pirates le Mamelodi Sundowns,pele a ka ikopnya le setlhopha sa Greece,sa (Lonikos)go tshameka ka fa tlase ga mokatisi Nikos Alefantos. Mosimane e ne e le mothusa mokatisi wa batshameki ba ba ka fa tlase ga dingwaga di le somenngwe ka nako ya fa a ne a le mo setlhopheng sa Belgium sa KFC Rita Berlaar,morago ga moo o ne a boela kwa Aforika Borwa go ya go katisa batshameki ba Mamelodi Sundowns.[1] Moswi Ted Dumitru o ne a mo tlhotlheletsa go nna mokatisi.[2] Mosimane o tsenetse Supersport United jaaka mothusa mokatisi wa ga Bruce Grobbelaar, morago ga moo o ne a nna mokatisi yo mogolo go tloga ka 2001 go fitlha ka 2007, kwa a neng a fetsa mo maemong a bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2001–02 le 2002–03 mo Liking ya Kgwele ya Dinao ya Bogodimo ya (PSL). Mosimane o dirile jaaka mokatisi wa motlhokomedi wa setlhopha sa bosetšhaba sa Aforika Borwa,se se bidiwang Bafana Bafana, mo metshamekong e le supa ka ngwaga wa 2007,\\pele ga go tlhomiwa ga ga Carlos Alberto Parreira jaaka mokatisi yo mogolo wa setlhopha sa bosetšhaba, yo Mosimane a neng a dira jaaka mothusa mokatisi ka fa tlase ga gagwe ka nako ya Sejana sa Lefatshe sa FIFA sa 2010. Gape o ne a dira jaaka mothusi wa ga Joel Santana ka nako ya Sejana sa Dikopano tsa FIFA sa 2009, motlhatlhami wa ga Parreira mme moragonyana a tla pele ga gagwe. Ka di 15 Phukwi 2010, Mosimane o ne a bidiwa jaaka mokatisi yo mošwa wa Aforika Borwa mme a newa konteraka ya dingwaga di le nne.[1] O fentse motshameko wa gagwe wa ntlha a laola mo phenyong ya 1-0 mo go setlhopheng sa ga Ghana e e neng e le kwa kotareng ya makgaolakgang ya Sejana sa Lefatshe. Aforika Borwa e paletswe ke go tshwanelegela Sejana sa Ditšhaba sa Aforika sa 2012 morago ga gore Mosimane a tshameke ka phoso go lekana mo motshamekong wa bofelo wa go tlhopha kgatlhanong le Sierra Leone, fa tota go ne go tlhokega phenyo.[2] .Ka ngwaga wa 2012, Mosimane o ne a nna mookamedi wa setlhopha sa Mamelodi Sundowns. O fentse Liki ya Ditshimega ya CAF ya 2016 le Mamelodi Sundowns morago ga go fenya Zamalek ya Egepeto ka 3-1 ka palogare,[1] mme seno sa dira gore e nne setlhopha sa bobedi sa Aforikaborwa go e fenya morago ga Orlando Pirates ka 1995. Ka Sedimonthole 2016, Mosimane o ne a bewa mo maemong a bo lesome a mokatisi yo o gaisang mo lefatsheng ka 2016, go ya ka Mokgatlho wa Boditšhabatšhaba wa Hisitori ya Kgwele ya Dinao le Dipalopalo <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://ewn.co.za/2016/12/29/pitso-mosimane-makes-top-10-ranking-for-best-coach|title=Better than Wenger: Pitso Mosimane makes world coaching top 10|last=Koza|first=Neo|access-date=7 January 2017}}</ref> (IFFHS). Ka la bo 5 Ferikgong 2017, Mosimane o ne a gapa sekgele sa Mokatisi wa Ngwaga kwa dikabong tsa Glo-CAF tsa 2016 kwa Abuja, Nigeria morago ga go kaela setlhopha sa Mamelodi Sundowns go ya kwa kgalalelong ya liki ka 2015–16 le go tsaya sekgele sa Telkom Knockout se se neng se raya gore Mosimane o ne a ema a le esi go nna mokatisi yotlhe wa liki Motlha wa PSL.[1] Ka la bo 5 Ferikgong 2017, Mosimane o ne a gapa sekgele sa Mokatisi wa Ngwaga kwa dikabong tsa Glo-CAF tsa 2016 kwa Abuja, Nigeria morago ga go kaela Mamelodi Sundowns go ya kwa kgalalelong ya liki ka 2015–16 le go tsaya sekgele sa Telkom Knockout se se neng se raya gore Mosimane o ne a ema a le esi go nna mokatisi yotlhe wa liki Motlha wa PSL.[1] Mosimane ka kakaretso o tsewa jaaka motsamaisi yo o atlegileng go gaisa mo hisitoring ya kgwele ya dinao ya Aforika Borwa, a fentse dikgele di le tlhano tsa ABSA Premiership le Mamelodi Sundowns.[1] Mo bokhutlong jwa kgwedi ya Lwetse 2020, Mosimane o ne a tlogela tiro ya gagwe ya go nna mokatisi wa Mamelodi Sundowns ..<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/sport/soccer/2020-09-30-exclusive-pitso-mosimane-resigns-as-sundowns-coach-set-to-join-al-ahly/|title=EXCLUSIVE: Pitso Mosimane resigns as Sundowns coach, set to join Al Ahly|date=30 September 2020}}</ref> Ka di 30 Lwetse 2020, Mosimane o ne a itsisiwe gore ke mokatisi yo mogolo wa Al Ahly.[11] E ne e le Moaforika wa ntlha yo e seng wa Egepeto go laola tlelapo eno.[12] Ka di 27 Ngwanaitseele 2020, Mosimane o ne a etelela Al Ahly pele go ya kwa sekgeleng sa bone sa bo 9 sa liki ya Ditshimega tsa CAF, morago ga go fenya makgaolakgang a 2020 kgatlhanong le bagaisani ba bone ba Zamalek, <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 November 2020 |title=Pitso: South Africa has lot of respect for Al Ahly, half of Sundowns fans support the Reds |url=https://www.kingfut.com/2020/11/28/pitso-mosimane-champions-league-final/ |website=kingfut.com}}</ref> le go tshwanelegela Sejana sa Lefatshe sa Ditlhopha sa FIFA sa 2020, <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 February 2021 |title=Club World Cup: Al Ahly's 'Chosen One' coach draws strength from Nelson Mandela |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2021/02/03/football/pitso-mosimane-al-ahly-club-world-cup-cmd-spt-intl/index.html |website=CNN}}</ref> kwa ba neng ba feleletsa ba le mo maemong a boraro ka penalty ya Palmira . <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 February 2021 |title=Al Ahly beat Palmira's to clinch third place at Club World Cup |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/africa/56033530 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> Ka di 6 Sedimonthole 2020, o ne a etelela pele Al Ahly go fenya Sejana sa Egepeto . Ka Motsheganong 2021, o ne a kaela setlhopha sa kgwele ya dinao go fenya Sejana sa Super sa Aforika kgatlhanong le RS Berkane kwa Doha, kwa Qatar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Al Ahly v RSB Berkane Match Report, 5/28/21, CAF Super Cup {{!}} Goal.com |url=https://www.goal.com/en-us/match/al-ahly-v-rsb-berkane/e97teey0q0bv9uig0oqiz52c4 |access-date=9 June 2021 |website=www.goal.com}}</ref> Ka di 17 Phukwi 2021, Al Ahly e ne ya fenya sekgele sa yone sa bobedi sa liki ya Bommampodi ba CAF ka fa tlase ga Mosimane mme sa bo 10 ka kakaretso morago ga go fenya [[Kaizer Chiefs F.C.|Kaizer Chiefs]] ka 3-0 mo makgaolakgannyeng . <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 July 2021 |title=Egypt's Al Ahly beat Kaizer Chiefs 3-0 to win record tenth African crown |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/africa/57833344 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> Rory Smith o ne a nganga gore nako eno ya dikgwedi di le robedi, e mo go yone Al Ahly e neng ya gapa dikgele di le tharo, e dirile gore Mosimane e nne mongwe wa batsamaisi ba ba gaisang mo kgweleng ya dinao ya lefatshe mo ngwageng. <ref name="RorySmith">{{Cite web |last=Smith |first=Rory |date=16 January 2022 |title=When Two Champions Leagues Titles in Eight Months Don't Count |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/16/sports/soccer/fifa-best-pitso-mosimane.html |access-date=18 January 2022 |website=The New York Times}}</ref> Ka Sedimonthole 2021, o ne a fenya Sejana se sengwe sa Aforika kwa Qatar kgatlhanong le Raja Casablanca . <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 December 2021 |title=Late drama as Al Ahly lift CAF Super Cup for eighth time in history |url=https://www.kingfut.com/2021/12/22/al-ahly-win-caf-super-cup/ |website=kingfut.com}}</ref> Ka di 13 Seetebosigo 2022, Al Ahly e ne ya amogela kopo ya ga Mosimane ya go tlogela tiro ya go nna motsamaisi wa bone. <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 June 2022 |title=Al Ahly and Mosimane Agree to Part Ways |url=https://www.alahlyegypt.com/en/news/article/34905 |website=Al Ahly}}</ref> Ka di 25 Lwetse 2022, Mosimane o ne a tlhomiwa go nna motsamaisi wa tlelapo ya Al-Ahli Jeddah ya Saudi Arabia . <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 September 2022 |title=OFFICIAL: Pitso Mosimane announced as Al Ahli Jeddah's head coach |url=https://www.kingfut.com/2022/09/25/pitso-mosimane-al-ahli-jeddah-coach/ |website=kingfut.com}}</ref> O ne a tsamaya ka Seetebosigo 2023 morago ga go ba kaela go tlhatlhosiwa maemo, mme o ne a boletse fa ene le badiri ba gagwe ba setegeniki ba sa duelwa fa e sale ka Ferikgong. <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 June 2023 |title=Pitso Mosimane leaves Al Ahli |url=https://www.sabcnews.com/sabcnews/pitso-mosimane-leaves-al-ahli/ |access-date=14 June 2023 |website=SABC News |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Will Pitso Mosimane end up at Kaizer Chiefs? Ex-Bafana coach leaves Al Ahli |url=https://www.msn.com/en-za/sport/american-football/will-pitso-mosimane-end-up-at-kaizer-chiefs-ex-bafana-coach-leaves-al-ahli/ar-AA1cuXZ6 |access-date=14 June 2023 |website=MSN |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Ka la 18 Seetebosigo 2023, ka bonako fela morago ga go tswa kwa Al Ahli Jeddah, Mosimane o ne a tsenela setlhopha sa Abu Dhabi sa Al Wahda mmogo le badiri ba gagwe ba setegeniki. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Bye Saudi, hello UAE! Pitso Mosimane lands head coach role with Al Wahda |url=https://www.news24.com/sport/soccer/psl/bye-saudi-hello-uae-pitso-mosimane-lands-head-coach-role-with-al-wahda-20230618 |access-date=18 June 2023 |website=news24}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/sport/soccer/2023-06-18-pitso-mosimane-joins-uae-side-al-wahda/|title=Pitso Mosimane joins UAE side Al Wahda|access-date=18 June 2023}}</ref> Moragonyana mo ngwageng oo, ka Ngwanaitseele a le 10, Al-Wahda e ne ya itsise go fedisiwa ga konteraka le Mosimane ka tumalano ya bobedi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 November 2023 |title=Mosimane parts ways with Al-Wahda after four months |url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/sport/soccer/2023-11-10-mosimane-parts-ways-with-al-wahda-after-four-months/ |publisher=TimesLIVE}}</ref> Ka la bo 26 Ferikgong 2024, Mosimane o ne a tsenela setlhopha sa Saudi Arabia sa Abha ka konteraka ya dikgwedi di le nne e e neng e tla mo isa kwa bokhutlong jwa setlha. <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 January 2024 |title=Pitso Mosimane takes on new challenge in Saudi Arabia |url=https://farpost.co.za/2024/01/26/pitso-mosimane-takes-on-new-challenge-in-saudi-arabia/ |access-date=30 January 2024 |website=FARPost}}</ref> Ka di 18 Diphalane 2024, Mosimane o ne a tlhomiwa go nna mokatisi wa setlhopha sa Iran sa Esteghlal mo Liking ya Pro ya Kgogometso ya Peresia . <ref>{{Cite web |title=پیتسو موسیمانه سرمربی استقلال شد؛ پایان روزهای بلاتکلیفی |url=https://football360.ir/post/20241018100/پیتسو-موسیمانه-سرمربی-استقلال-شد-پایان-روزهای-تلخ-آبیها |access-date=18 October 2024 |publisher=[[فوتبال ۳۶۰]]}}</ref> O fedisitse konteraka ya gagwe ka la bo 28 Ferikgong 2025 le Esteghlal ka ntlha ya mathata a madi. Dipholo tsa gagwe ka nako ya fa a ne a le kwa Esteghlal di ne di le bokoa thata. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Ditshameko le dino go ya ka setlhopha sa bosetšhaba le ngwaga wa ! Setlhopha sa bosetšhaba ! Ngwaga ! Ditiriso ! Dino |- | rowspan="2" | Aforika Borwa | 1993 | 2 | 1 |- | 1994 | 2 | 0 |- ! colspan="2" | Palogotlhe ! 4 ! 1 |} [[Karolo:Pages with unreviewed translations]] na8dnr1gknf3frqanxmjqtyayvbu8er 0 14755 53508 2026-07-28T18:04:32Z Lucrucia98 12161 #Wikipedia25BW ke ranotse tsebe ya Bantu Film Festival 53508 wikitext text/x-wiki Moletlo o o ikemetseng wa difilimi tsa Aforika yotlhe o o kwa Gaborone, Botswana. E tlhomilwe mmogo ke modiri wa difilimi [[Lesedi Mphothwe]] ka komponi ya gagwe ya tlhagiso ya Butterscotch Productions, moletlo ono o neetswe go rotloetsa difilimi tsa Aforika, go tshegetsa batlhami ba difilimi ba selegae le ba kontinente, le go baya Botswana jaaka lefelo la bogare la go anela dikgang tsa Aforika yotlhe. E tshwarwa ngwaga le ngwaga mme e kopanya go bontshiwa ga difilimi le dikokoano tsa go tlhabana botlhale, dithuto tsa botswerere, le dipuisano tsa phanele.<ref name=":0">[https://sites.google.com/view/bantufilmfestival/home "Bantu Film Festival – Home"]. Bantu Film Festival. Retrieved 19 March 2026.</ref> == Lemorago == Moletlo wa Difilimi wa Bantu o tlhomilwe ka maikaelelo a go fetola maemo a intaseteri ya difilimi mo Botswana ka go tlamela ka dipolatefomo tse di godisang kgolo, tirisanommogo, boitshimololedi, le boitlhamedi mo gare ga batlhami ba difilimi ba selegae le ditheo tsa dikomponi. Mokgwa wa yona wa go dira mananeo o kopanya dipontsho tsa difilimi tse di rulagantsweng go tswa kwa Aforika yotlhe le kwa dinageng tse dingwe, dithuto tsa botswerere tse di mosola le dikokoano tsa go tlhabana botlhale tsa batlhami ba difilimi ba ba tlhagelelang le ba ba tlhomilweng, le dipuisano tsa phanele tse di nang le baitseanape ba intaseteri ya difilimi ba ba abelana kitso e e maleba le bokao jwa go dira difilimi jwa Aforika. Moletlo ono gape o ikaeletse go ngoka bareki le baphatlalatsi ba boditšhabatšhaba kwa Botswana, ka ponelopele ya paka e telele ya go nna mokgweetsi yo mogolo wa go aga intaseteri ya difilimi tsa selegae e e amogelwang mo dinageng tse dingwe.<ref name=":0" /> == Dikgatiso == === Kgatiso ya ntlha (2022) === Kgatiso ya ntlha ya Moletlo wa Difilimi tsa Bantu e ne ya tshwarwa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi (2022). Motlhami-mmogo Lesedi Mphothwe o tlhalositse go wetsa kgatiso ya ntlha ya moletlo ono jaaka nngwe ya diphitlhelelo tsa gagwe tse dikgolo tsa seporofešenale, mmogo le go nna mokaedi wa ntlha wa filimi ya gagwe e khutshwane ya Cell 10.<ref>[https://theheroinejourney2016.com/2023/04/29/the-heroines-journey-of-lesedi-mphothwe/ "The Heroine's Journey of Lesedi Mphothwe".] The Heroine's Journey. 29 April 2023. Retrieved 19 March 2026.</ref> === Kgatiso ya bobedi (2023) === Kgatiso ya bobedi ya moletlo o, e ne ya tshwarwa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro (2023) kwa Ramotswa, Botswana. Barulaganyi ba ne ba e tlhalosa e le kgatiso e kgolwane le e e botoka e e bontshang talente e e kgethegileng mo difiliming tsa Aforika.<ref>[https://www.yorubafm.com/botswana-bantu-film-festival-returns-bigger-better/ "Botswana: Bantu Film Festival Returns Bigger Better"]. Yoruba FM. 16 October 2023. Retrieved 19 March 2026.</ref> === Kgatiso ya boraro (2024) === Kgatiso ya boraro ya ngwaga le ngwaga e ne ya tshwarwa go tloga ka kgwedi ya Phalane e le borobabobedi go ya ko go lesome le bobedika ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mane (2024) kwa New Capitol Cinema, Riverwalk, le kwa Yunibesithing ya Botswana, ka fa tlase ga setlhogo se se reng Go Kopanya Aforika ka Difilimi. Go ne ga tlhophiwa difilimi di le masome a mararo go tswa kwa dinageng tse di farologaneng tsa Aforika, go akaretsa le di le tharo go tswa kwa Botswana tse di akaretsang mefuta ya terama, ditokomane, le difilimi tse dikhutshwane. Moletlo o butswe ka filimi e khutshwane ya selegae e e tshosang ya Seipone, e e laolwang ke Kgosigadi Mokokwe le Wazwagwa Ntabeni. Thulaganyo e ne e akaretsa go bontshiwa ga difilimi, dikokoano tsa go tlhabana botlhale, metlotlo ya phanele, le moletlo wa go aba diawate tsa khapete e khibidu.<ref name=":1">Ketshepile More (9 October 2024). [https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/82193 "Botswana film industry promising".] Daily News Botswana. Retrieved 19 March 2026</ref> Moletlo ono o ne wa tshegediwa ka madi le go tshegediwa ke Khamphani ya Okavango Diamond (ODC), e moemedi wa yone a neng a tlhalosa gore tiragalo eno e ne e le selo se segolo se se tla dirang gore go nne le bokgoni jwa go aga bokgoni le go tlhabolola ikonomi mo lephateng la difilimi la Botswana, a lemogile gore intaseteri eno e na le bokgoni jwa go ngoka dipeeletso, go tlhama ditiro, le go nna le seabe mo GDP ka bojanala jwa difilimi.<ref name=":1" /> === Kgatiso ya Bone === Kgatiso ya bone ya Moletlo wa Difilimi tsa Bantu e butswe semmuso kwa New Capitol Cinema Masa kwa Gaborone, mme batlhami ba difilimi, badiragatsi, le batlhami ba ba tlhagelelang ba kokoane go keteka difilimi tsa Aforika. Bosigo jwa pulo bo ne bo na le dipontsho tse di dirwang ka tlhamalalo go tswa mo bataki ba selegae go akaretsa Baratani Ladies go tswa kwa Sikwane le modiragatsi wa lefoko le le buiwang Poeticblood. Ba atologile go tswa mo go bontsheng difilimi di le lesome fela kwa kgatisong ya yone ya ntlha go ya go amogela dithomelo tsa difilimi di le makgolo a mabed le masome a matlhano le boraro go tswa kwa dinageng di le masome a mararo le borobabongwe mme ba abetse dikabelo di le masome a mabedi le bone fa e sa le e simololwa. Dipontsho tsa bosigo jwa go simolola di ne di akaretsa pontsho ya ntlha ya Children of Diaspora, e leng filimi ya Fora e e neng e kaelwa ke Sabrina Onana e e neng e sekaseka ditlhogo tsa boitshupo, go fuduga le boswa, mmogo le filimi e khutshwane ya lefelo leo e e bidiwang Baratani (Thaba ya Baratani). Tona ya Metshameko le Botsweretshi Jacob Kelebeng o ne a bua le ba ba neng ba le teng, a rotloetsa batlhami go dirisa serala seno go gwetlha dipolelo tse di renang tsa intaseteri le go itsise gore Lefapha le ikaeletse go tlhagisa molaotlhomo wa go dira difilimi jaaka karolo ya diphetogo tsa peomolao go rarabolola dikgwetlho tse di sa kgaotseng mo intasetering, go akaretsa le go thibelwa ga phitlhelelo ya matlole le mafaratlhatlha. <ref>Suping, Itumeleng (2025-10-16). [https://www.mmegi.bw/lifestyle/bantu-film-festival-lights-up-the-screen/news "Bantu Film Festival lights up the screen".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 2026-04-30.</ref>Filimi ya Uganda ya Unheard le yona e ne ya nna le pontsho e e tlhomologileng kwa bosigong jwa dikabo tsa moletlo, ya isa gae meputso e meraro e e eletsegang thata ya bosigo, mme motlhagisi wa yona le mokwadi Polly Kamukama a ne a le teng go amogela ditlotla.<ref>Benda, Kasule Douglas (2025-10-20). [https://mbu.ug/2025/10/20/unheard-historic-bantu-film-success/ "Ugandan film 'Unheard' triumphs at Botswana's Bantu Film Festival"]. ''MBU''. Retrieved 2026-04-30.</ref> == Dietsele == Moletlo wa Difilimi tsa Bantu o aba dikabelo mo ditlhopheng tse dintsi tse di akaretsang Filimi e Khutshwane e e Gaisang, Ditokomane tse di Gaisang, Filimi e e Gaisang, Ditshwantsho tse di Gaisang, Mokaedi yo o Gaisang, Motshwantshi yo o Gaisang, Motseleganyi yo o Gaisang, Modiragatsi yo o Gaisang, Modiragatsi yo o Gaisang, Motlhami yo o Gaisang wa Modumo, le Awate ya Honourable Mention.<ref name=":2">[https://africanfilmfestivals.com/festival/bantu-film-festival/ "Bantu Film Festival"]. African Film Festivals Platform. Retrieved 19 March 2026</ref> == Morago ga moletlo == Mo godimo ga moletlo wa ngwaga le ngwaga, Moletlo wa Difilimi wa Bantu o tshwaretse ditiragalo tsa go bontshiwa ga difilimi tse di ikemetseng ka nosi ka tirisanommogo le mekgatlho e mengwe. Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le borataro (2026), moletlo o ne wa tshwara mmogo pontsho ya filimi ya Nigeria e e fentseng awate ya I Too Crave Death kwa Mebala Studios kwa Gaborone ka tirisanommogo le I Am Woman 2Twoo. Tiragalo eno e ne ya kopanya batsadi le bana go lebelela filimi eno le go tlotla ka botsogo jwa tlhaloganyo, diphetogo tsa lelapa le khutsafalo.<ref>Nnasaretha Kgamanyane (17 March 2026). [https://www.mmegi.bw/lifestyle/i-too-crave-death-sparks-crucial-conversations/news "I Too Crave Death sparks crucial conversations"]. Mmegi Online. Retrieved 19 March 2026.</ref> Moletlo o gape o dirisane mmogo le mokgatlho wa Human Rights Tattoo kwa dinageng tse dingwe, o o neng wa tsaya karolo mo kgatisong ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024) kwa Mmadikolo wa Botswana.<ref name=":3">[https://info.humanrightstattoo.org/hrt-bantu-film-festival/ "HRT @ Bantu Film Festival".] Human Rights Tattoo. Retrieved 19 March 2026.</ref> == Balekane le baema nokeng == Balekane ba Moletlo wa Difilimi tsa Bantu ba akareditse Khamphani ya Okavango Diamond, Mokgatlho wa Ladima (letsholo la difilimi le diteng tsa basadi mo Aforika), Khomišene ya Difilimi ya Namibia, Kosinima Inc., Basadi mo Difiliming tsa Botswana, Yunibesithi ya Botswana, Mokgatlho wa Difilimi wa Botswana (BOFIA), Mokgatlho wa Difilimi wa Botswana (BOSS) le Huducers Africa Thahuu.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" /> Moletlo ono o kwadilwe mo Sethaleng sa Meletlo ya Difilimi ya Aforika mme o amogela dithomelo tsa difilimi tsa boditšhabatšhaba ka FilmFreeway.<ref name=":2" /> == Metswedi == 0brgrhzpphajjy4gahodqsmze4loiks 0 14756 53509 2026-07-28T19:01:48Z Lucrucia98 12161 #Wikipedia25BW ke ranotse tsebe ya Mokgatlho wa Basadi mo Mokgatlhong wa Difilimi kwa Botswana 53509 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Women in Film Guild Botswana (WIF Botswana)''' ke mokgatlho wa baitseanape o o kwa Botswana o o ineetseng go thusa, go ruta, le go matlafatsa bomme ba ba dirang mo madirelong a difilimi le thelebišene. E tlhomilwe mmogo ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bongwe (2021) ke Serena Mmifinyana le Nikita Mokgware, ka bobedi e le dialogane tsa lenaneo le le amanang le difilimi tse di neng tsa kopana mmogo ka maikaelelo a go tsenelela mo intasetering e e laolwang ke banna. Mokgatlho ono o amana le Basadi mo Difiliming le Thelebišeneng tsa Boditšhabatšhaba (WIFTI), mme Motlatsamodulasetulo wa one, Serena Mmifinyana, o ne a tlhophiwa go tsena mo Botong ya Bakaedi ba WIFTI ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi (2022) e le moemedi wa ntlha wa Botswana go nna mo maemong a a ntseng jalo mme a nna mokwaledi wa mokgatlho wa lefatshe lotlhe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro (2023).<ref name=":0">[https://nova.com.na/africas-filmmakers-accelerate-action-for-gender-empowerment/ "Africa's Filmmakers Accelerate Action for Gender Empowerment".] Nova Namibia / MultiChoice Group. 13 March 2025. Retrieved 19 March 2026</ref> == Lemorago le go tlhoma == WIF Botswana e tlhomilwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bongwe (2021) ke setlhopha sa makgarebe a a neng a alogile thata mo thulaganyong ya thuto e e amanang le difilimi. Bathei ba ne ba batla go tlhama serala sa gore basadi ba lephata la boitlhamedi la Botswana ba kgone go golagana, go ithuta mo go ba bangwe, le go aga mmogo go nna teng go go nonofileng mo intasetering e mo go yone basadi ba neng ba sa ntse ba sa emelwa sentle. Batlhami-mmogo ba mokgatlho ono e bong Serena Mmifinyana le Nikita Mokgware e ntse e le Modulasetulo le Motlatsamodulasetulo wa mokgatlho ono fa e sa le o tlhongwa.<ref name=":1">Larona Makhaiza (3 March 2023)[https://www.mmegi.bw/lifestyle/women-in-film-guild-to-uplift-women/news . "Women In Film Guild to uplift women".] Mmegi Online. Retrieved 19 March 2026.</ref> Mo tshimologong ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro(2023), mokgatlho ono o ne wa tshwara tiragalo ya phatlalatsa e e bidiwang Creative Café kwa Mmadikolo wa Botswana, koo o neng wa ikitsise mo intasetering e e anameng ya botlhami, wa abelana pono ya one, le go dira sebaka sa gore baitseanape ba intaseteri ba ananye dikgopolo ka kgolo le tshegetso mmogo.<ref name=":1" /> == Go nna leloko la WIFTI le go amogelwa kwa dinageng tse dingwe == Go tloga mo e ka nnang mo bogareng jwa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi (2022), maiteko a WIF Botswana a ne a ngoka tlhokomelo ya boditšhabatšhaba fa motlhami-mmogo Serena Mmifinyana a ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la Boto ya Bakaedi ba Basadi mo Difiliming le Thelebišeneng tsa Boditšhabatšhaba (WIFTI), e leng selo sa ntlha mo Botswana. Ka bonako morago ga moo, o ne a lalediwa ke Pavillon Afriques go bua kwa tafoleng e e sediko ka nako ya Moletlo wa Difilimi wa Cannes wa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro (2023), mme Nikita Mokgware o ne a tsamaya le ene go ya go dira botsalano le mekgatlho ya badiri. Mmifinyana o ne a tswelela go nna mokwaledi wa WIFTI ka 2023.<ref>[https://africanwomenincinema.blogspot.com/2023/01/women-in-film-botswana.html "Women in Film Botswana"]. African Women in Cinema Blog. 16 January 2023. Retrieved 19 March 2026.</ref><ref name=":0" /> == Kgolagano ya MTF == Serena Mmifinyana ke moalogi wa Sekolo sa Aforika Borwa sa Feme ya Ditalente tsa MultiChoice (MTF), e leng lenaneo la katiso ya difilimi la Aforika yotlhe. O simolotse WIF Botswana fa a ne a dira jaaka mokaedi wa botlhami kwa N&M Productions, khamphani ya thelebišene le difilimi. MTF e tlhalositse phitlhelelo ya gagwe ya go tlhoma mokgatlho ono le go tlhatlogela kwa boeteledipeleng jwa WIFTI jaaka sesupo sa khuetso ya katiso e e rulagantsweng ya difilimi mo go matlafatseng bong mo madirelong a botlhami a Aforika.<ref name=":0" /> == Metswedi == qk00tlzi85amm8kvd9472ulf3scszuz 0 14757 53510 2026-07-28T19:24:39Z Lucrucia98 12161 #Wikipedia25BW ke ranotse tsebe ya Botswana Insurance Holdings 53510 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Botswana Insurance Holdings Limited''' (BIHL Group) ke setlhopha sa dipeeletso, sa go rola tiro, le sa inšorense se se tlhokomelang ntlokgolo ya sona kwa Botswana mme se dira ka dikhamphani tse tharo tse di potlana mme se na le seabe mo dikhamphaning di le mmalwa tse di dirisanang le tsone.<ref>[https://africanfinancials.com/company/bw-bihl/ "Company profile: Botswana Insurance Holdings Limited".] ''African Financials''. Retrieved 20 March 2022.</ref>Setlhopha sa BIHL se tlhomilwe ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le botlhano (1975) mme se ntse se kwadisitswe mo Lenaaneng la Dithoto la Botswana fa e sale ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bongwe (1991).<ref>[https://www.bihl.co.bw/node/28 "About us: BIHL Group".] ''BIHL Group''. Retrieved 20 March 2022.</ref> == Dikomponi potlana le dipeeletso == Dikomponi tse di bopang BIHL di akaretsa, mme ga di a lekanyediwa, go tse di latelang:<ref>[https://www.bihl.co.bw/company-structure "Company Structure: Botswana Insurance Holdings Limited".] ''BIHL''. Retrieved 20 March 2022</ref> # Botswana Life Insurance Limited – Gaborone, Botswana – 100% Shareholding – Motlamedi wa ditirelo tsa inshorense ya paka e telele mo Botswana. # Botswana Insurance Fund Management Limited (BIFM) – Gaborone, Botswana – 100% Shareholding – Motsamaisi wa letlole la phenshene mo Botswana. # Komponi ya Inshorense ya Botswana Limited – Gaborone, Botswana – 50% ya Dišere – Motlamedi wa inshorense ya paka e khutshwane mo Botswana.<ref>[https://bic.co.bw/introduction "Introduction: Botswana Insurance Company (BIC)".] Retrieved 20 March 2022</ref> # Ditirelo tsa Ditšhelete tsa Botshelo jwa Aforika – Lusaka, Zambia – 49% ya Dišere – Komponi e amega mo tlamelong ya taolo ya dithoto le tsamaiso ya dipoelo tsa badiri.<ref name=":0">[https://www.aflife.co.zm/about-us/ "AFLife - About us".] Retrieved 20 March 2022.</ref>E bewa mo maemong a batsamaisi ba bagolo ba dipeeletso tsa poraefete ba Zambia.<ref name=":0" /> # Setlhopha sa ditirelo tsa phitlho – Gaborone, Botswana – 37.59% Shareholding – O ke motlamedi wa ditirelo tsa phitlho. Komponi eno, ka dikomponi tsa yone tse di potlana kwa Botswana, Aforika Borwa, Zambia le Zimbabwe, e dira tiro ya go dira le go rekisa makase le dibokoso tsa baswi, go tlamela ka ditirelo tse di amanang le phitlho le go tlamela ka inšorense ya phitlho.<ref>[https://www.fsg.co.bw/aboutus "About Us: FSG".] Retrieved 20 March 2022</ref> # Letshego Holdings Limited – Gaborone, Botswana – 39.60% ya Dišere ka Botswana Life Insurance Limited le Botswana Insurance Fund Management Limited – Komponi e e tsholang matlole a mannye e e dirang kwa Botswana, Eswatini, Ghana, Kenya, Mozambique, [[Namibia]], [[Nigeria]], Rwanda, Uganda7. Komponi e e kwadisitswe mo marekisetsong a dithoto a Botswana. Setlhopha seno se dira dikgwebo tsa inšorense le dipeeletso kwa [[Malawi]], [[Tanzania]],<ref>Letshego Holdings Limited (4 April 2016). [http://www.letshego.com/sites/default/files/financial-results/Letshego%20Annual%20Report%20-%2031%20December%202015.pdf "Letshego Holdings Limited: 2015 Integrated Annual Report and Financial Statements"] (PDF). Gaborone: Letshego Holdings Limited. Retrieved 13 August 2016</ref> Uganda, Zambia le Mozambique, mmogo le kgwebo ya banka ka NBS Bank.<ref>NBS Bank. [https://www.nbs.mw/2015-10-22-13-36-29/downloadcenter/annual-reports-1/file/639-nbs-bank-2018-15th-annual-report "Annual Report and Financial Statements for the Twelve Months Ending 31 December 2018".] Blantyre: NBS Bank Limited. Retrieved 2 March 2020</ref>Komponi e kwadisitswe mo Phapanyetsanong ya Dithoto ya Malawi.<ref>[https://nicomw.com/investor-relations/ "NICO: Shareholding structure".] Retrieved 20 March 2022.</ref> == Bong == Dikarolo tsa BIHL di thathamisitswe phatlalatsa mme di rekiswa ho BSE,<ref>[https://www.bihl.co.bw/sites/default/files/documents/BIHL_integrated_annual_report_2020.pdf "BIHL Integrated Annual Report 2020"] (PDF). ''BIHL''. 31 December 2020. Retrieved 20 March 2022</ref>tlasa letshwao: BIHL. Go tloga ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole le masome a mararo le bongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi (2020), go nna le dišere mo setokong sa setlhopha go ne go ntse jaaka go bontshitswe mo lenaaneng le le fa tlase.<ref>[https://www.bihl.co.bw/sites/default/files/documents/BIHL%20integrated%20annual%20report%202025.pdf "BIHL integrated annual report 2025"] (PDF). ''BIHL''. 31 December 2025. Retrieved 1 July 2026.</ref> == Metswedi == 2bks1n9wulj2fauqhhp2nqeqnhzjpqs 0 14758 53512 2026-07-28T19:58:14Z Lucrucia98 12161 #Wikipedia25BW ke ranotse tsebe ya Setlhopha sa kgwele ya Masitaoka FC 53512 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Masitaoka FC''' ke setlhopha sa kgwele ya dinao sa [[Botswana]] se se kwa [[Gaborone]] se ga jaana se gaisanang mo liking e kgolwane ya Botswana.<ref>[http://www.masitaokafc.co.bw/technical-team/ Soccerway profile".] Soccerway. Retrieved 3 February 2023.</ref> == Ditso == Setlhopha se se tlhomilwe ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bobedi (1962) mme ga se a ka sa kwadisiwa semmuso le Mokgatlho wa Kgwele ya Dinao wa [[Botswana]] go fitlha ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le borobabobedi(1968).<ref>Schöggl, Hans. [https://www.rsssf.org/tablesb/botsfound.html "Botswana - List of Foundation Dates".] ''RSSSF''. Retrieved 3 February 2023.</ref>E ne e simolotse e le kwa [[Molepolole]] mme fa e sale e fudugela kwa [[toropokgolo Gaborone]], le ntswa setlhopha se santse se tshamekela metshameko ya sone kwa gae kwa lebaleng la Molepolole. Setlhopha seno se reeletswe ka mophato wa [[Morafe wa Bakwena]], Masitaoka wa ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le borataro (1906). Se ne sa tlhatlhosiwa go ya kwa Liking e Kgolo ya Botswana lekgetlo la ntlha mo setlheng sa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi (2020)go ya ko ngwageng wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le motso(2021).<ref>[http://www.masitaokafc.co.bw/history/ "History".] Masitaoka FC. Retrieved 3 February 2023</ref> == Metswedi == 19y5k2xvexkzmintifyykcutllraj7x 0 14759 53513 2026-07-28T20:33:14Z Lucrucia98 12161 #Wikipedia25BW ke ranotse tsebe ya Moletlo le Maetiso a Mmino wa Kuru 53513 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Moletlo wa Kuru Dance and Music''' ke moletlo wa ngwaga le ngwaga o o akareditsweng mo khalentareng ya Botswana ya ditiragalo tse di tshwayang ngwedi o o tletseng kwa merafe ya Khoisan e fitlhelang go le botlhokwa thata mo setsong sa bona go ananya kitso ya setso ka pina le mmino.<ref name=":0">[https://africageographic.com/stories/celebrating-culture-at-the-kuru-dance-festival/ "Celebrating culture at the Kuru Dance Festival"]. ''Africa Geographic''. 16 September 2016. Retrieved 16 April 2021.</ref> == Tse di diragetseng ko morago == Moletlo wa Mmino le Mmino wa Kuru o simolotswe ka 1997 go keteka setso sa khoisan kgotsa sa San mo gare ga Basan ba Naro kwa D’Kar mo Kgaolong ya Ghanzi, Botswana go lemoga khumo ya setso sa San ka pina le tantshe. Gape e ne e ikaeletse go rotloetsa boikgantsho ka mekgwa ya setso sa San, mme diporojeke tsa botaki di ne tsa tlhamiwa jaaka lenaneo le legolo la setso le le rulaganyang moletlo wa setso wa ngwaga le ngwaga o o itsegeng thata mo Botswana.<ref>''Indigenous Studies: Breakthroughs in Research and Practice: Breakthroughs in Research and Practice''. IGI Global. 2019. ISBN&#x20;[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-7998-0424-6|<bdi>978-1-7998-0424-6</bdi>.]] OCLC&#x20;1110655008</ref>Moletlo ono gape o dira jaaka tiro e e botlhokwa le e e boitshepo ya go fodisa merafe ya San, ka gonne o tshwarwa Phatwe mongwe le mongwe ka matlha a a tsamaelanang le ngwedi o o tletseng.<ref name=":1">[http://rainbownewszambia.com/2017/08/25/sandance-and-the-kuru-dance-festival-promoting-and-celebrating-indigenous-culture-thursday-aug-10th-2017/ "SanDance! And the Kuru Dance Festival: Promoting and Celebrating Indigenous Culture Thursday, Aug 10th, 2017".] ''Rainbow news zambia''. 25 August 2017. Retrieved 12 April 2021.</ref>Moletlo o o eteletswe pele ke [[Kuru Cultural Centre]] ka thuso ya barotloetsi jaaka [[Lephata la Banana, Bong, Metshameko le Ditso]] le [[Barclays Bank of Botswana,]] == Batlhokomedi le ba na le seabe == Go na le mekgatlho e e nang le kgatlhego e e kgethegileng mo moletlong o, ba kopana go rulaganya le go rulaganya gore moletlo o atlege. E tlhomilwe ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borataro (1986) [[Kuru Development Trust]] e e itsegeng thata jaaka Lelapa la Mekgatlho ya Kuru, ke Mokgatlho wa selegae wa San o o seng wa puso o o tshwarang moletlo wa mmino le tantshe wa San, le go tlhofofatsa go itshepa ga ikonomi mo gare ga San.<ref name=":2">Rapoo, Connie (2013). "Performing Cultural Memory and the Symbolic. The Musical Theatre Traditions of the Basarwa in the Ghanzi District, Botswana". ''Matatu''. '''44''' (1): 189–203. doi:[[doi:10.1163/9789401210546_014|10.1163/9789401210546_014]]. ProQuest&#x20;1750458001.</ref>Terasete e dirisana le Setlhopha sa Tiro sa Batho ba ba Nnye ba Naga mo Borwa jwa Aforika (WI MSA)-Mokgatlho wa kgaolo o o tlhofofatsang tlhabololo ya Ditšhaba tsa San mo kgaolong; go thusa baagi ba ba kgaphetsweng kwa thoko mo Botswana ka go tlhoma mekgatlho ya go ithusa ya baagi e e ka itshegetsang, e e tla oketsang bokgoni jwa baagi ba go bona taolo mo matshelong a bone a loago le ikonomi le e e tla kgonang go tlhalosa le go diragatsa tlhabololo ya baagi ka bobone. Terasete e tsamaisiwa ke boto ya batlhokomedi e maloko a yona a dirilweng ka baemedi ba le 20% ba mekgatlho ya kereke e e simolotseng kwa Netherlands, le 80% ya baemedi ba selegae ba San go tswa kwa mekgatlhong ya tlhabololo ya metse.<ref>Roux, A. P. J. (1998). ''Community Owned Development Amongst the Marginalised San Communities of the Kalahari, as Adopted by a San Community Development Organisation, the Kuru Development Trust''. Bernard van Leer Foundation. ISBN[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-90-6195-048-6|&#x20;<bdi>978-90-6195-048-6</bdi>.]] OCLC&#x20;43148426</ref> Moletlo ono mo dingwageng tse di fetileng o ngokile tshegetso ka go tshegediwa ke dikomponi le mekgatlho ya selegae e e jaaka Barclays Bank of Botswana le MYSC.<ref>"Barclays Bank Sponsors 2017 Kuru Dance Festival". [[:en:Mmegi|''Mmegi''.]] 13 July 2017. ProQuest&#x20;1919020079</ref>Tshegetso ya Barclays ya moletlo e tsamaisana sentle le keletso ya yona ya togamaano ya go rotloetsa kgolo jaaka kgwebo le baagi. Banka e tshegeditse moletlo o ka madi go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015), e tshegetsa tshomarelo ya boswa jwa Botswana jo bo matlhagatlhaga, ka e rotloetsa kgwebisano ya morafe mme kwa bofelong e ka kgweetsa ditlhabololo. MYSC ke motshegetsi wa moletlo o ka o tlhomilwe ke puso ya Botswana go dira tikologo e e kgontshang go matlafatsa bašwa, tlhabololo ya metshameko le go somarela ngwao le boswa ka tirisanommogo le bannaleseabe ba ba maleba go tokafatsa kutlwano le boikgantsho jwa batho ba Botswana.<ref>[https://www.gov.bw/ministries/ministry-youth-empowerment-sport-and-culture-development "Ministry of Youth empowerment, Sport and Culture Development"]. ''gov.bw''. 2021. Retrieved 16 April 2021</ref> == Mefuta ya mmino == Go na le metantsho e le mmalwa e e dirwang ka nako ya moletlo ono. Go diragadiwa metantsho e e farologaneng go anela kgang ya botshelo ya batho ba San. Tseno di akaretsa metantsho ya go tsoma le go phutha, ngwao ya go feta, metantsho ya go tsena mo dingwageng tsa bosha le ya go ratana le tantshe e e sa itsegeng sentle ya go fodisa.<ref name=":1" /> === Go tsoma le go phutha mmino === Batho ba San ka tlhago e le batsomi le bakgobokantshi ba dira tantshe go lemoga karolo e ya boitshupo jwa bona. Ba dira tantshe ya go tsoma le go phutha go tshwaya bobedi paakanyo ya paka e e tlang ya go tsoma kgotsa ya go phutha le go keteka polao morago ga go tsoma ka katlego. Mmino wa go tsoma o ka dirwa go tshwaya polao ya ntlha e e atlegileng ya mosimane yo monnye morago ga phologolo segolobogolo tshephe. O itlhaotse mme moragonyana a simololwa ka go dira matshwao oh matsogo a gagwe, mafura a eland a gotlhiwa mo mabadi. Metantsho ya go tsoma ke diphetolelo tse di gakgamatsang tsa go tsoma go tswa mo go lemogeng spoor go fitlha kwa bofelong go tlhaba phologolo. Ba keteka go tsoma go go atlegileng le go tlotla tlholego e e tlhomologileng.<ref name=":0" /> Mo tiragalong yotlhe ya tantshe eno, badiragatsi ba basadi ba nna mo sedikong se se sephatlo, ba rulaganya lemorago la pina, go opa diatla ka moribo le go itaya ga modumo, fa banna ba dira terama ya ngwao ya go tsoma, ba sa fetoge ba tsaya dikarolo tsa motsomi le phofu. Tse tona di etsisa ho tsoma ha phoofolo e kang gemsbok, ho pholletsa le tantshe batsomi ba latedisa phoofolo mme ba e hlaba ka metswi e chefo. Terama e e etsisiwang e felela ka go tlhabiwa ga phologolo mme basadi ba baakanyetsa moletlo ka bonako go o keteka. Mo ntlheng e go na le go opa diatla ka moribo le dikgato fa ba keteka go tsoma go go atlegileng.<ref name=":2" /> === Ditirelo tsa go feta === Jaaka lekgarebe le simolola go nna le matshwao a go tsena mo dingwageng tsa bosha jaaka modikologo wa go bona kgwedi lekgetlo la ntlha ke ne ka re ke na le "bolwetse jwa eland". Eland e tshwantshetsa bosadi, tsalo le boitekanelo jo bo siameng. Ka nako e o itlhaotse mme ka ngwao o pentilwe ka ochre e khibidu, molora wa logong le magala, a tlhakantswe mmogo le mafura a diphologolo le mmala wa dimela. Go dirwa dingwao tsa go bina go feta go amogela lekgarebe mo bogolong le mo lenyalong.<ref name=":0" />Metantsho ya puberty ke ya maitseo, ya go jola le go tshameka e e gogelang, banna ba tsaya karolo mo metantshong maitsholo a go nyalana a dipoo tsa eland ka go dupelela batho ba basadi, ba tshegatshega ka go sotla le go etsa tiro e e tlhatlogang ya diphologolo tsa dipoo. === Mmino wa phodiso wa Trance === Dipontsho tsa tantshe e di dirwa ka nako ya maitseboa mme di nna le maatla bosigo ka gonne Ba-San ba dumela gore nako e ke nako ya bomodimo fa lobopo lo roroma ka maatla a a boitshepo.<ref name=":0" />Mmino o dirwa jaaka tsela ya go buisana le bagologolwane le meya ya bomodimo le go batla tsereganyo ya bone ka nako ya ngwao ya go fodisa balwetse. Go tshubiwa molelo mme diopedi tsa basadi le babini ba banna ba nna go dikologa molelo ka bongwefela jwa pelo mongwe le mongwe a tshameka seabe sa gagwe ka fa go tshwanetseng, fa pina le tantshe di ntse di oketsega ka morethetho moeteledipele wa semoya kgotsa ngaka o tsenwa ke moya go tswa kwa lefatsheng la bagologolwane. Mo nakong eno batantshi ba banna le ngaka ba ne ba tla phutlhama. Ba dumela gore fa go tlhophiwa pina le tantshe moya wa bomodimo o a lalela mme ngaka e ne e tla baya diatla mo balwetseng le batantshi ka jalo e tlosa bolwetse gotlhelele.<ref>Tlhankane, Mompati (27 August 2015). "Healing captures San culture at Kuru festival". ''Mmegi''. [[:en:ProQuest|ProQuest]]&#x20;[https://www.proquest.com/docview/2094034588 2094034588.]</ref> == Metswedi == pp0m4m9wfvgeodivfme4euyfzwk1yqz 0 14760 53515 2026-07-28T22:16:10Z Legodzomela 12497 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1364423347|South Africa]]" 53515 wikitext text/x-wiki Leina "Aforika Borwa" le tswa mo lefelong le naga e leng mo go lone kwa ntlheng ya borwa jwa Aforika. Fa naga e sena go tlhamiwa, e ne ya bidiwa Union of South Africa ka Seesemane le ''{{Lang|nl|Unie van Zuid-Afrika}}'' ka [[Se-dutch|Sedatšhe]], go supa tshimologo ya yona go tswa mo go kopanngweng ga dikolone tse nne tsa Boritane. Go tloga ka 1961, leina le le telele le la mmuso ka Seesemane e ne e le "Republic of South Africa" le {{Lang|af|Republiek van Suid-Afrika}} ka [[Seburu]]. Naga e e na le leina la semmuso ka [[Dipuo tsa semmuso tsa Aforikaborwa|Dipuo tsotlhe di le 12 tsa semmuso]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=The text |url=https://www.concourt.org.za/index.php/constitution/the-text |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231225080137/https://www.concourt.org.za/index.php/constitution/the-text |archive-date=25 December 2023 |access-date=25 December 2023 |website=www.concourt.org.za}}</ref> '''Mzansi''', e e tswang mo leineng la [[Sethosa|Sexhosa]] {{Lang|xh|uMzantsi}} le le kayang "borwa", ke leina la puo ya tlwaelo la Aforika Borwa, <ref>{{Cite book |last=Livermon |first=Xavier |year=2008 |title=Johannesburg: The Elusive Metropolis |publisher=Duke University Press |isbn=978-0-8223-8121-1 |editor-last=Nuttall |editor-first=Sarah |location=Durham |page=283 |chapter=Sounds in the City |quote=''Mzansi'' is another black urban vernacular term popular with the youth and standing for South Africa. |access-date=5 January 2016 |editor-last2=Mbembé |editor-first2=Achille |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hNONyzwm420C |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502074447/https://books.google.com/books?id=hNONyzwm420C |archive-date=2 May 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mzansi DiToloki |url=http://www.deafsa.co.za/mzansi_ditoloki/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116135926/http://www.deafsa.co.za/mzansi_ditoloki/ |archive-date=16 January 2014 |access-date=15 January 2014 |publisher=Deaf Federation of South Africa |quote=uMzantsi in Xhosa means 'south', Mzansi means this country, South Africa}}</ref> ya re makoko mangwe a sepolotiki [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|a Pan-Africanist]] a rata lereo " Azania ", e leng lefoko le le tswang mo Segerikeng, mme e seng puo ya Aforika. === Nako ya pele ga bokoloniale === Batho ba tlholego [[Basarwa|ba San]] le Khoikhoi ba Borwa jwa Aforika e ne e le batsomi-baphuthi mme, mo ntlheng ya Bakhoikhoi, le bona ba ne ba dira bodisa . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kim |first=Hie Lim |last2=Ratan |first2=Aakrosh |last3=Perry |first3=George H. |last4=Montenegro |first4=Alvaro |last5=Miller |first5=Webb |last6=Schuster |first6=Stephan C. |date=4 December 2014 |title=Khoisan hunter-gatherers have been the largest population throughout most of modern-human demographic history |journal=Nature Communications |volume=5 |issue=1 |pages=5692 |bibcode=2014NatCo...5.5692K |doi=10.1038/ncomms6692 |hdl=11449/130054 |pmc=4268704 |pmid=25471224 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Batho ba Khoisan e ka tswa e le ditlogolwana tsa go gasagana ga batho ba segompieno go ya kwa Borwa jwa Aforika pele ga 150 000 .&nbsp;dingwaga tse di fetileng. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pargeter |first=Justin |last2=Mackay |first2=Alex |last3=Mitchell |first3=Peter |last4=Shea |first4=John |last5=Stewart |first5=Brian |year=2016 |title=Primordialism and the 'Pleistocene San' of southern Africa |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/antiquity/article/abs/primordialism-and-the-pleistocene-san-of-southern-africa/45D6E61597C34A496AB5A0B6FA1C7632 |journal=Antiquity |volume=90 |issue=352}}</ref> Bontsi jwa bone ba ne ba fudusiwa kgotsa ba tsewa ke [[katoloso ya Bantu]] e e neng ya diragala magareng ga 1 500 le 2 000 .&nbsp;dingwaga tse di fetileng. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Barnard, Alan |year=1992 |title=Hunters and Herders of Southern Africa: A comparative ethnography of the Khoisan peoples |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=New York, NY; Cambridge, UK}}</ref> [[Karolo:Aforika Borwa]] [[Karolo:Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images]] 7e8keiwp95q1p0wes4m9oj7mfnl5w2d 0 14761 53525 2026-07-29T04:42:39Z MmaBaggio 11091 #Wikipedia25BW KE RANOTSE TSEBE ya Tumelo ya Bahà’i Faith mo Botswana 53525 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tumelo ya Baháʼí mo Botswana''' e simolola morago ga gore [[ʻAbdu’l-Bahá]], yo ka nako eo e neng e le moeteledipele wa Tumelo ya Baháʼí, a kwale makwalo a a neng a rotloetsa go isa bodumedi jono kwa Afrika ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongweble lesome le borataro. Babulatsela ba ntlha ba Baháʼí ba ne ba goroga mo Botswana mo e ka nnang ka kgwei ya Phalane ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano la bone, koo ba neng ba nna ditsala le Maaforika a mantsi. Ditlhopho tsa ntlha tsa Khuduthamaga ya Sechaba ya Semoya ya Baháʼí kwa Botswana e ne e le ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le bosupa . Palo ya sechana ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe e bala Baháʼí ba ka nna makgolo a supa.<ref>[https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2005/51449.htm International Religious Freedom Report 2005: Botswana.] United States Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (September 14, 2005). ''This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.''</ref>Le fa go ntse jalo, Mokgatlho wa Dipolokelo Tshedimosetso tsa Bodumedi o ne wa akanyetsa gore go ne go na le Baháʼí ba ka nna dikete di le lesome le borataro le makgolo a matlhano mo Botswana go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome. == Legato la ntlha == === Matlapa a ga Abdu'l-Bahá a Thulaganyo ya Bomodimo === ʻAbdu’l-Bahá o ne a kwalela balatedi ba tumelo kwa United States motseletsele wa makwalo, kgotsa matlapanakwalelo, ka ngwaga wa 1916–1917; makwalo ano a ne a kokoanngwa mmogo mo bukeng ya Matlapa a Thulaganyo ya Bomodimo. Ya borobedi le ya bolesomepedi ya matlapanakwalelo ano e ne e umaka Afrika mme e ne ya kwalwa ka kgwedi ya Moranang a le lesome le borobabongwe ngwaga wa 1916 le ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ale lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bongwe ka go latelana. Le fa go ntse jalo, go gatisiwa ga yone go ne ga diega kwa United States go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1919—morago ga bokhutlo jwa Ntwa ya Lefatshe I le mokgotlhwane wa Spain. Matlapa ano a ne a ranolwa le go tlhagisiwa ke Mirza Ahmad Sohrab ka Moranang e tlhola gane ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le robabongwe , mme a gatisiwa mo makasineng wa Star of the West ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ele lesome le bobedi ngwaga wa,sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le robabongwe .<ref>Abbas, ʻAbdu'l-Bahá (April 1919). [https://bahai-library.com/abdulbaha_tablets_instructions_explanation ''Tablets, Instructions and Words of Explanation''.] Mirza Ahmad Sohrab (trans. and comments).</ref>ʻAbdu'l-Bahá o umaka go tsamaya ga ga Baháʼís "...bogolo jang go tswa kwa Amerika go ya kwa Yuropa, Afrika, Asia le Australia, le go tsamaya go ralala Japane le China. Fela jalo, go tswa kwa Jeremane barutisi le badumedi ba ka nna ba tsamaya go ya kwa dikontinenteng tsa Amerika, Aforika, Japane le China; ka bokhutshwane, ba ka nna ba tsamaya mo dikontinenteng tsotlhe le ditlhaketlhake tsa lefatshe le "bongwe jwa m"<ref>[[:en:ʻAbdu'l-Bahá|Abdu’l Bahá]] (1991) [1916-17]. ''[https://reference.bahai.org/en/t/ab/TDP/tdp-8.html.iso8859-1 Tablets of the Divine Plan]'' (Paperback&nbsp;ed.). [[:en:Wilmette,_Illinois|Wilmette, Illinois]]: US Baháʼí Publishing Trust. pp.&nbsp;47–59. [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-87743-233-3|ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>0-87743-233-3</bdi>]].</ref> neela bana botlhe ba batho botshelo jo bosha, mme motlaagana wa kagiso ya lobopo lotlhe o tlhomiwe mo setlhoeng sa Amerika ka jalo Yuropa le Aforika di ka tshedisiwa ka mewa ya Mowa o o Boitshepo, lefatshe leno le ka nna lefatshe le lengwe, sepolotiki sa mmele se ka fitlhelela boitumelo jwa sesha.<ref>[[:en:ʻAbdu'l-Bahá|Abdu’l Bahá]] (1991) [1916-17]. ''[https://reference.bahai.org/en/t/ab/TDP/tdp-12.html.iso8859-1 Tablets of the Divine Plan]'' (Paperback&nbsp;ed.). [[:en:Wilmette,_Illinois|Wilmette, Illinois]]: US Baháʼí Publishing Trust. pp.&nbsp;82–89. [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-87743-233-3|ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>0-87743-233-3</bdi>]].</ref> == Tshimolodiso ya Badumedi == Go tlhongwa ga baagi Bodumedi bo gorogile mo lefelong leno ka nako ya bokhutlo jwa motlha wa Bechuanaland Protectorate, naga e e neng e le teng pele ga bokoloniale, ka fa tlase ga Kopano ya Aforika Borwa. Ka 1953 Shoghi Effendi, tlhogo ya bodumedi morago ga loso lwa ga ʻAbdu’l-Bahá, o ne a rulaganya thulaganyo ya boditšhabatšhaba ya go ruta e e bidiwang Ntwa ya Bokeresete ya Dingwaga di le Lesome.<ref name=":0">National Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of South Africa (1997). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20080408202119/http://www.bahai.org.za/cm/node/19 Baháʼís in South Africa - Progress of the Baháʼí Faith in South Africa since 1911"]. ''Official Website''. National Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of South Africa. Archived from the original on 8 April 2008. Retrieved 2008-03-19</ref>Ka nako ya thulaganyo babulatsela ba ne ba fudugela kwa mafatsheng a le mantsi go akaretsa le Botswana go tswa kwa mafelong. Se e ne e le ka nako ya kgolo e e anameng ya bodumedi go ralala Aforika e e kwa Borwa jwa Sahara gaufi le bokhutlo jwa paka ya Bokoloniale jwa Aforika.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20071209082606/http://philtar.ucsm.ac.uk/encyclopedia/sub/geness.html Overview Of World Religions".] ''General Essay on the Religions of Sub-Saharan Africa''. Division of Religion and Philosophy, University of Cumbria. Archived from [http://philtar.ucsm.ac.uk/encyclopedia/sub/geness.html the original] on 2007-12-09. Retrieved 2008-04-16.</ref>Maikaelelo a go tlhoma go nna teng ga Baháʼí kwa Bechuanaland a ne a abelwa Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Iran e e neng e sa ntse e dira ka nako eo.<ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=03&page=863 Guardian's Message to the Africa Intercontinnental Conference".] ''Baháʼí News''(281): 1–3. March 1953. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Le fa go ntse jalo, ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ngwaa wa 1953 go goroga ga bosheng ga lelapa la ga Johnson go tswa kwa Amerika ka nako eo kwa Aforika Borwa go ne ga bona go goroga ga ga John le Audrey<ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=04&page=6 Pioneer Letters; Excerpts from Pioneer Letter to the Africa Teaching Committee; ''Johannesburg, March, 1954''".] ''Baháʼí News'' (281): 6. July 1954. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212].</ref>Robarts le morwawe Patrick le morwadie Nina go tswa kwa Canada ba ba neng ba thusiwa go fitlha kwa Mafeking<ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=03&page=1063 Pioneer Letters; Excerpts from Pioneer Letter to the Africa Teaching Committee; ''Edith and Lowell Johnson, Cape Town, South Africa''".] ''Baháʼí News''(280): 15. June 1954. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212].</ref>(ka nako eo kwa Bechuanaland) jaaka babulatsela ba Baháʼí kwa ba neng ba goroga teng ka kgwedi ya Phalame,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le bone <ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=04&page=64 Temple Land in Johannesburg".] ''Baháʼí News''(280): 4. October 1954. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>ba ne ba fetolwa go nna ba-Baháʼí. naga e e neng ya bona sereto sa Mogale wa Baháʼu’lláh go tswa go tlhogo ya Tumelo ya nako eo, e bong Shoghi Effendi.<ref name=":1">[https://news.bahai.org/story/356 Minister praises Baháʼí activities".] ''Baha'i World News Service''. Baháʼí International Community. 14 March 2005. Retrieved July 12, 2013.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le boraro go ne go na le dikopano di le pedi; ditlhopha di le supa, le leloko le le lengwe le le kgaoganeng.Ba lelapa la ga Robart ba ne ba tsene mo bodumeding jono ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mararo le borobabobedi mme fa go ne go tlhomiwa Kokoano ya ntlha ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Canada ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mane le borobabobedi , John o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetulo, e leng tiro e a neng a e dira go fitlha ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a mane le masome a matlhano le boraro fa ba ne ba fuduga.<ref name=":2">Paccassi Pat (August 2011). "[http://www.bahaihistorycaribbean.info/Hands_visits_to_St_Lucia_.pdf Visits of the Hands of the Cause of God to St. Lucia"] (PDF). ''Some information about the Hands of the Cause of God''.</ref> Ka 1954 Seatla sa Lebaka, Musa Banani o ne a tlhoma John go nna Leloko la Boto e e Thusang mme lelapa le ne la ya loetong lwa bodumedi lwa Baháʼí. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano Lally Warren o ne a gakologelwa gore fa a ne a le ngwana yo monnye kwa Mafikeng go ne go sa tlwaelega go kopana le batho basweu ba ba neng ba mo itumedisa ka jalo o ne a dumela gore batho basweu botlhe ba bosula.<ref name=":1" />Seo se ne sa fetoga fa a kopana le lelapa la ga Robarts. <ref name=":3">[https://bahai-library.com/hassall_bahai_communities_country#16 Hassall Graham (2000). "Baháʼí Communities by Country: Research Notes".] ''Essays and short articles and Research notes''. Baháʼí Library Online</ref>"Ba ga Robart ba ne ba sa ntshware jaaka ngwana yo montsho, ba ne ba ntshwara jaaka ngwana," she said. O ne a gakologelwa fa a ne a le dingwaga di le lesome mme lelapa la ga Robarts le ne le tla kwa ntlong ya gagwe go tla go kopana le batsadi ba gagwe, James le Stella Moncho, banyalani ba ntlha ba lefelo leo go nna Baháʼí, "Ba ne ba kgona go dira seno fela bosigo, mme fa ba tla ba lebile ntlo ba ne ba tla tshuba dipone tsa bone tsa [koloi] le go di tima go re, 'Is can it... motlakase mo lefelong le lentsho mo malatsing ao ka jalo mmè o ne a tsaya lebone a bo a le ntsha ka fensetere a bo a le tsoka go re, 'Go siame, go babalesegile gore o tle.'"<ref name=":1" /> Lelapa la ga Robarts le ne la nna tsala le Modiri Molema, ngaka ya kalafi e e tlotlegang thata e bile e le ene fela montsho yo o neng a letleletswe go tsalana le basweu.<ref name=":1" /> Dr. Molema o ne a laletsa ditsala tsa gagwe le ba lelapa la gagwe go tla go utlwa ka bodumedi jono, mme o ne a naya lelapa la ga Robarts makwalo a go itsise Kgosi (dikgosi tsa setso) tsa Bechuanaland Protectorate. Dr. Molema o ne a sokologela mo bodumeding mme go ikwadisa ga gagwe ga go a ka ga itsisiwe phatlalatsa ka ntlha ya go ka tswa go ne go tshwenngwa ka ntlha ya go nna le seabe ga gagwe mo dipolotiking tsa maemo a a kwa godimo mo nakong e e fetileng. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le botlhano wa losika lwa gagwe, Stanlake Kukama, o ne a nna Motswana wa ntlha wa lefatshe la Bechuanaland go nna Mo-Baháʼí yo o boletsweng phatlalatsa. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano Kukama o ne a gakologelwa gore e ne e le molweladitshwanelo tsa tlhaolele, mme e ne e le leloko la lekoko la sepolotiki la Aforika Borwa, African National Congress mme o ne a tlhoile batho ba basweu ka ntlha ya boikutlo jwa bone ka Maaforika mme seo se ne sa fetoga fa a utlwa ka Tumelo ya Baháʼí go tswa mo lelapeng la ga Robarts: "Ka Iháíʼard the59. melaometheo ya Tumelo e ne e le tharabololo ya go [fitlhelela] kagiso le kutlwano mo bathong.... Ke ne ka lemoga gore basweu le bantsho botlhe ba ne ba sa bone boammaaruri, ba ne ba sena leitlho la moya Ka jalo, ke ne ka nna Mo-Baháʼí tharabololo ya go tshegetsa The National1. dingwaga di le dintsi ntle le katlego. Mapodise a ne a nna a mo beile leitlho le fa a sena go nna Mo-Baháʼí ka gonne ba ne ba sa dumele gore o tlogetse dipolotiki tsa lekoko. Moragonyana Rre Kukama o ne a direla dingwaga di le dintsi e le leloko la Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Baháʼí ba Bophuthatswana le ba Aforika Borwa.<ref name=":1" /> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le borataro Tumelo ya Baháʼí e ne e le teng ka dipalo tse dinnye go ralala mafatshena le lesome le botlhano a borwa jwa Afrika. Go tsamaisa merafe e go ne ga tlhophiwa ga khuduthamaga ya secahaba ya Semoya ya kgaolo mo Aforika Borwa Bophirima go ba akaretsa. <ref name=":4">Compiled by [http://bahai-library.com/handscause_statistics_1953-63&chapter=1 Hands of the Cause Residing in the Holy Land. "The Baháʼí Faith: 1844-1963: Information Statistical and Comparative, Including the Achievements of the Ten Year International Baháʼí Teaching & Consolidation Plan 1953-1963".] pp.&nbsp;25, 59.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le borataro John Robarts o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la yone.<ref name=":3" />Mo tshimologongbya ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le bosupa setšhaba sa Baháʼí se ne se le batho ba ba fa gare ga lesome le masome a mabedi mme sa nna karolo ya kokoano ya bosetšhaba ya kgaolo ya Afrika Borwa le Bophirima. Ka 1963 go ne go na le dikopano di le pedi; ditlhopha di le supa, le leloko le le lengwe le le kgaoganeng.<ref name=":2" /> Bokopano bo ne bo le kwa [[Lobatse]], le kwa [[Mahalapye]] le ditlhopha kwa [[Gaborone]], [[Ghanzi]], [[Kopong]], [[Mafeking]], [[Molepolole]], [[Morwa]], [[Serowe]], le Mobaháʼí yo o nosi kwa Moeng (e e gaufi le Dithaba tsa Tswapong).<ref name=":4" /> == Tlhabololo ya Sechaba == Morago ga loso lwa ga Shoghi Effendi, Ntlo ya Bosiamisi ya Lefatshe Lotlhe e e tlhophilweng e ne e le tlhogo ya bodumedi mme ya simolola go rulaganya sešwa merafe ya Baháʼí ya Aforika, go akaretsa le Botswana, ka go kgaoganya merafe ya bosetšhaba go bopa Dikokoano tsa bona tsa Bosetšhaba go tloga ka 1964 le fa e le ka dingwaga tsa bo 1990.<ref name=":0" /> Ka 1967 kokoano e ntšhwa e e tlhophilweng ya kgaolo ya Aforika Borwa Bogare, ka nako eo e ne e akaretsa dinaga tsa Botswana, Malawi le Rhodesia.<ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=06&page=647 Newly-elected National Spiritual Assembly of South Central Africa…".] ''Baháʼí News'' (437): 11. August 1967. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212].</ref> a yone e ne e le: Willard Mahtunge, Florence Fat’he-Aazam, Esther Moncho, Esther Glauder, Brian Eames, Enayat Sohaili, Leonard Chiposi, Helen A. Hope, le John D. Sargent Sr. Ka ngwaga wa 1970 Sekolo sa Bašwa sa Bosetšhaba sa ntlha mo Botswana se ne sa tsenelwa ke bašwa ba feta masome a mararo, bagolo le barutabana.<ref>“[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=07&page=691 Botswana First Youth Institute"]. ''Baháʼí News''(477): 11. December 1970. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Morago ga dithuto banana ba ne ba etela metse e le meraro e e neng e rulagantswe pele ke kokoano ya setshaba ka tumelelo ya dikgosi tsa selegae kwa ba neng ba ntsha puo e e neng e amogetswe sentle e e neng e ba baakanyeditswe segolobogolo. Ka ntlha ya go amogelwa ga puo ba ne ba lalediwa kwa metseng e mengwe e merataro ke dikgosi tsa metse eo mme kgabagare ba tlhagisa bodumedi mo bathong ba ba ka nnang 700 ba ba neng ba le teng kwa dipuong tseo. Go ne ga begwa gape ka loeto lono mo radiong ya lefelo leo. Moragonyana Baháʼí ba ntlha go tswa kwa Ba-Bushmen le kwa Ba-Kgalagadi ba ne ba tsene mo bodumeding jono. Nako e ne ya goroga ya gore go tlhophiwe Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Baháʼí ya Botswana e e neng ya tlhophiwa ka 1970.<ref name=":5">[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=08&page=37 Progress Report of Botswana".] ''Baháʼí News''(492): 12–13. March 1972. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Maloko a yone mo ditlhophong tsa 1971 e ne e le:<ref name=":5" />Stanley Matenge, Esther Moncho, Isaac Kgang, Dennis Makiwa, Maureen Gruber, Robert Sarracino, Bogatlu Pheto, Jeffrey Gruber, le Broer Oageng. Ka Phatwe 1971 go ne ga dirwa dipuo tsa ntlha tsa phatlalatsa ka ga bodumedi kwa Gaborone mme tsa gasiwa mo Radio Botswana ka setlhogo se se reng "Ditumelo tsa Setso tsa Aforika le Kutlwano ya Madumedi a Lefatshe".<ref name=":5" />oTshekatsheko ya morafe e ne ya lemoga gore kokoano ya bosetšhaba le dikokoano tsa selegae di le tlhano di ne di tsentse le go kwadisa le puso. Go tswa foo kokoano ya bosetšhaba e ne ya nna beng ba semolao ba lefelo la bosetšhaba la Baháʼí. Mafelo a le 67 a ne a tsentswe mo bodumeding mme go ne go weditswe go ranolwa ga dikwalo dingwe tsa Se-Baháʼí. Dikgosi di ka nna masome a mane mo maemong a a farologaneng di ne di rometswe melaetsa ke kokoano ya bosetšhaba ka bodumedi jono. Go ne go etetswe metse e le masome a matlhano le bosupa mme go ne ga felela ka gore go nne le dikopano tsa bontsi. Go ne go na le babulatsela ba le banè fela ka nako eo. Motse wa Boneapitse o ne o lemogiwa e le bontsi jwa Baháʼí. Kokoano ya selegae ya Ba-Bush botlhe e ne ya tlhophiwa la ntlha kwa Tshasane ka 1972.[19] Fa e tlhophiwa gape ka 1973 maloko a yone e ne e le: Ci-!Gau, !'ea, Titi, Diolo, Kaka, Mashipa, N!!g<nowiki>''</nowiki>ae-!Nobo, Baberi, Mpalo. Sekaka sa Kalahari (se se bontshiwang ka mmala o mohibidu) le Mogobedi wa Kalahari (mmala wa lamune) Sekolo sa ntlha sa bosetšhaba sa selemo se ne sa diragala ka Dec 29 go ya go Jan 4 1979-1980 mme sa latelwa ke khonferense ya kgaolo ka ga go itsisiwe ga bodumedi ka botsayakarolo jwa Lobatse, Jwaneng, le Kanye mo godimo ga maloko a kokoano ya bosetšhaba le maloko a thuso a boto ka Tlhakole[2]. Ka Phatwe 1981 khonferense ya ntlha ya boditšhabatšhaba ya Botswana e ne ya tsenelwa ke bagolo le bana ba le 150 go tswa kwa dinageng di le supa.[21] Ka 1984 Baháʼís ba Gaborone ba ne ba tshwara dikopano di le mmalwa tsa phatlalatsa - e nngwe e ne e tlhomolola Letsatsi la UN le badiredibagolo ba le mmalwa ba toropo ba neng ba le teng kwa go lone, e nngwe e ne e le le Mogakolodi yo o etileng Hooper Dunbar e le yone e neng e begwa ke dikgang tsa thelebishene le radio.[22] Ka 1985 Baháʼí ba ne ba lalediwa kwa seminareng e e neng e bua ka ditumelo kwa Yunibesithing ya Batswana.[23] Bašwa ba feta lekgolo ba ne ba kopana kwa khonferenseng ya boditšhabatšhaba ya bašwa ka Phatwe e e neng ya bulwa ke motlatsamopresidente wa nako eo wa Botswana - Peter Mmusi.[24] Ngwaga oo gape e ne e le one fa Tsholofetso ya Kagiso ya Lefatshe Lotlhe ya Ntlo ya Bosiamisi e ne ya neelwa moporesidente wa nako eo wa Botswana, Quett Masire[25][26] mmogo le go ranolwa ka Setswana[27] jaaka karolo ya go keteka ka kakaretso Ngwaga wa Boditšhabatšhaba wa Kagiso wa UN.[28] Patlisiso ya maemo a boditšhabatšhaba a bodumedi ka 1987 e fitlhetse gore le fa Botswana e ne e na le dikopano tsa bosetšhaba le tsa selegae tse di neng di amogela semolao Malatsi a a Boitshepo a Baháʼí, manyalo le go gololwa mo lekgethong jaaka bodumedi di ne di sa amogelwe.[29] Diketelo tsa Diatla tsa Lebaka Hands of the Cause ke setlhopha se se tlhophilweng sa Baháʼí, se se tlhomilweng botshelo jotlhe, se tiro ya sone e kgolo e neng e le go anamisa le go sireletsa bodumedi. Ka Motsheganong 1971 Seatla sa Lebaka Adelbert Mühlschlegel e ne e le ene wa ntlha go etela Botswana.[30] Ka Ngwanatsele 1971 Seatla sa Lebaka Enoch Olinga o ne a etela naga mme a etela merafe e meraro e mesha le e e matlhagatlhaga thata ya Baháʼí mo Botswana - Ratholo le Bonwapitse (ka bobedi mo kgaolong ya Tswapong Hills), le Tsela ya Palla (e e bidiwang Dinokwe) kutlwano ya batho, tshenolo e e tswelelang pele, le gore bodumedi bo ne bo le teng mo dinageng di le dintsi tse di ka kwa ga mafatshe a bone le fa dibuka tsa sekolo di ne di sa umake bodumedi joo. Moragonyana o ne a neela puo ya phatlalatsa e e bidiwang "Tumelo ya Baháʼí le Thulaganyo ya Loago" le potsolotso ya radio kwa Gaborone kwa a neng a bua ka ditlhogo tse di farologaneng go tswa mo tlhalosong ya lefoko "Baháʼí", hisitori ya bodumedi, kamano ya jone le Bokeresete le mathata a ditlwaelo tsa loago mo Aforika Borwa. Ka Seetebosigo 1972 Seatla sa Lebaka Ruhiyyih Khanum o ne a etela naga malatsi a ka nna 20.[31] O ne a kgatlhantshiwa sekgala sa oura go tswa kwa motseng wa Selebi-Phikwe ke mme yo mosha a na le losea lwa beke. Kwa metseng e le mmalwa go akaretsa le Seleka o ne a kopana le barutabana ba dikolo tsa selegae. O ne a akgola babulatsela ba ba neng ba le kwa magaeng go na le go kokoana mo motsemogolong. Kwa motseng o mongwe o ne a bua kwa kholetšheng ya katiso ya barutabana a ela tlhoko thuto ya Baháʼí ya go lekalekana ga bong le botlhokwa jwa bomme le barutabana, go fedisa go sa itse go bala le go kwala mme a re dikgang tsa tumelo ga di a ikaega ka go ithuta dibuka. Mo go Bonwapitse o ne a bua ka botlhokwa jwa thapelo, bokao jwa "Alláh'u'Abhá". Kwa Mmutlane o ne a bua ka kgang ya ditoro tse di amanang le Baháʼu’lláh le Báb. O ne a tswelela kwa metseng e mengwe mme a tshwantsha dikarabo tse di farologaneng tsa tumelo. Kwa Sekakeng sa Kalahari o ne a kopana le Ba-Bushmen fa e le ba le mmalwa fela ba ba neng ba tsene mo bodumeding go fitlha ga jaana ba solofetse gore bodumedi bo tla thusa go somarela dinonofo tsa bone tsa bonolo le bomolemo. Morago ga moo o ne a kopana le kokoano ya bosetšhaba bogolo jang ka kgang ya pono ya Baháʼí ya "therisano", ya gore madi a Baháʼí a tshwanetse go dirisiwa mo maikaelelong a a rileng a go itsise bodumedi. Kwa Lobatse o ne a bua kwa kholetšheng e nngwe ya ithutelo barutabana ka botlhokwa jwa banana. Motse wa bofelo e ne e le Tsholofelo e e Molemo kwa a neng a kopana le Baháʼí ba ntlha ba Botswana -Rre. le Mme Moncho. Ka Mopitlwe 1978 Seatla sa Lebaka H. Collis Featherstone o ne a etela Botswana beke yotlhe a bua ka dikgopolo tsa Baháʼí ka ga ditlhogo tsa bodumedi mme a neela puo mo radiong.[32] Ka kgwedi ya Moranang John Robarts, yo o neng a tlhomiwa go nna Letsogo la Tiro ka 1957, le mosadi wa gagwe Audrey ba ne ba boela mo Botswana. Ba ne ba etela metse e le mmalwa le ditsala tsa bone tsa bogologolo mme ba botsolodiwa mo Dikgannyeng tsa Botswana Daily le Radio Botswana.[33] == Dipolelo tsa Batho == Paula Rath o ne a nna kwa Botswana ka 1972–73 le monna wa gagwe wa pele, Dick Graham jaaka babulatsela ba Baha'i mme a ne a tsamaisa lekwalodikgang le lennye le le bidiwang Puisano.[34] Maureen Page e ne e le mokwaledi wa Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Ba-Baha'i ba Botswana dingwaga di le dintsi mme monna wa gagwe Jeff Gruber e ne e le moitseanape wa puo, a ithuta puo e e rileng ya Bushman. Jeff o ne a dira mo go tlhameng alefabete e e kwadilweng ya puo ya Se-Bushman e e neng e ise e ko e aroganngwe le go bewa ka dialefabete pele ga a dira le Mo-Bushman wa Kalahari yo o neng a bua Setswana sentle. Go ne ga dirwa dithanolo mme ka 1973 go ne ga dirwa buka ya dithapelo tsa Baháʼí (e e neng ya gatisiwa jaaka "Dithapelo tsa Baháʼí tse di kwadilweng ke Baháʼu'lláh, Bab le ʻAbdu'l-Baha,").[35] Motshabi wa kwa Iran fa e sale ka 1979, Yousef Mostaghim, le ba lelapa la gagwe ba ne ba tswelela go ema ditiro tsa Baháʼí nokeng fa ba ne ba fudugela kwa Gaborone, kwa Botswana dikgwedi di le mmalwa, mo e ka nnang ka 1982 pele ga ba nna kwa United States.[36] Dwight W. Allen o ne a dira jaaka Mogakolodi wa Tlhabololo ya Badiri wa Kholetšhe ya Thuto ya Molepolole le Lefapha la Thuto, kwa Botswana, fa e ne e le Modirisanimmogo wa Patlisiso le Yunibesithi ya Puso ya Florida ka 1986–88.[37][38] Ash Hartwell e ne e le moithaopi wa pele wa Peace Corps mo diphatlhatirong tse di farologaneng mo Aforika mme morago a boela kwa United States. O ne a nna moithuti wa ga Dwight W. Allen ka go fetola dithulaganyo tsa thuto tsa yunibesithi, a ithuta le go tsenela Tumelo ya Baháʼí, mme morago ga moo a boela kwa Afrika. Kgabagare lelapa la gagwe le ne la fudugela kwa Botswana.[39] Fa a le koo o ne a nna le tshono ya go dirisana le Ba-Bushmen ba Kalahari ka nako ya maeto a a neng a lebisitswe mo Baháʼí mme a dira go laola thulaganyo ya go katisa barutabana ba thuto e e kwa godimo mo e ka nnang dingwaga di le tlhano pele a fetela kwa Egepeto.[40] Lally Warren e ne e le leloko la Boto ya Bagakolodi ba Kontinente mo Aforika go tloga ka 1985 go fitlha ka 2000 mme o diretse bodumedi mo maemong a mangwe a mantsi.[11] Ditlhopha tsa basadi tse di tswelelang Ka 1975 para ya basadi ba ba tswang kwa Rhodesia ba ne ba tsamaya mafelo a le mmalwa mo nageng ba tshwara dithuto tse di atolositsweng ka bodumedi mo mafelong a le mmalwa ba tsweletsa pele tiro ya basadi. Bobedi jo bo ne jwa kopanngwa ke basha ba le mmalwa ba lefelo leo.[41] Eleruri, ka 1976 ditlelapa di le tlhano tsa tiro ya diatla tsa basadi ba Baháʼí di ne di dira ka thuso ya Iran Sohaili go tswa kwa Rhodesia.[42] Go ne ga nna le pokano e e neng ya tswelela ka 1978 fa setlhotshwana sa Baháʼí se ne se ba etela beke yotlhe mme sa ba kgothaletsa go amogela mokgele wa go atolosa motse o o gaufi.[43] == Bodumedi jwa Sesha == Fa e sa le bodumedi bo tlhongwa bo nnile le seabe mo tlhabololong ya loago le ikonomi go simolola ka go naya basadi kgololesego e kgolo,[44] go itsise go rotloetsa thuto ya basadi jaaka tlhobaboroko e e tlang pele,[45] mme go nna le seabe goo go ne ga newa tlhagiso e e mosola ka go tlhama dikolo, ditleliniki le dikoporasi tsa temothuo[44]. Bodumedi bo ne jwa tsena mo kgatong e ntšhwa ya tiro fa molaetsa wa Ntlo ya Bosiamisi ya Lefatshe Lotlhe wa letlha la 20 Diphalane 1983 o ne o gololwa.[46] Ba-Baháʼí ba ne ba rotloediwa go batla ditsela, tse di tsamaisanang le dithuto tsa Baháʼí, tse ka tsone ba neng ba ka nna le seabe mo go tlhabololeng loago le ikonomi ya merafe e ba nnang mo go yone. Lefatshe ka bophara ka 1979 go ne go na le diporojeke di le 129 tsa tlhabololo ya loago le ikonomi tsa Baháʼí tse di neng di amogelwa semmuso. Ka 1987, palo ya diporojeke tsa tlhabololo tse di amogetsweng semmuso e ne e oketsegile go nna 1482. == Ditiro tsa Banana == Porojeke ya ntlha ya go ruta basha botlhe e e neng ya diragala kwa Botswana, le leeto la ntlha la go ruta la setlhopha le le neng la dirwa mo Tumelong mo nageng eo, le ne la diragala ka Phatwe, 1970. Setlhopha sa basha ba ka nna 10-15 ba Baha'i, go akaretsa le White Dikhang, Patrick Masimolole, Godfrey Peterrrabisino N, T o ne a tsamaya go tswa Gaborone borwa go ya kwa tikologong e e dikologileng Lobatse, bophirima go ya Kanye, bokone go ya Molepolole, mme a boela kwa Gaborone, a bolela le go ruta Tumelo mo metseng e ka nna lesome le bobedi. Mo motseng mongwe le mongwe o o neng o etelwa ba ne ba ya kwa kgosing kgotsa kgosana ya motse mme ba kopa go bua le ba ba neng ba kokoane kwa kgotleng ya mo mosong, e leng kgotlatshekelo ya letsatsi le letsatsi e kgosi e neng e tla e tshwara mo motseng. Mo maemong otlhe setlhopha seno sa basha se ne sa amogelwa sentle, mme gantsi tlhagiso ya ntlha e ne e latelwa ke thulaganyo e e tshelang ya dipotso le motlotlo. Gareng ga diporojeke tsa ntlha tsa tlhabololo mo Botswana e ne e le go simolola ka thulaganyo porojeke e kgolo ya "Ngwaga wa Tirelo ya Bašwa" e e neng e gokaganya ditiro tsa boithaopo le dikopano tse di nang le tlhokego e e tlhalositsweng.[47] Se se ne sa atolosiwa ke lenaneo la go tlwaetsa bašwa mo ditsong tse di farologaneng tsa setso tsa Aforika.[48] Go sa le jalo, kamogelo ya tiro ya puso ya bosetšhaba ya go tshegetsa ditshwanelo tsa batho e ne ya tlhagisiwa ke kokoano ya bosetšhaba - kwa kamogelong baemedi le konokono ya bodipolomate go tswa kwa dinageng di le mmalwa le UN. Moemedi wa lekgotla la Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng o ne a laletsa Ba-Baha’i le bone gore ba tshegetse mmogo go keteka Letsatsi la Lekgotla la Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng la 1988. Go ne ga tshwarwa khonferense ya boditšhabatšhaba ya bašwa ka 1989 e kwa go yone batho ba le 120 go tswa kwa dinageng di le 13 ba neng ba le teng.[49] Ka Sedimonthole basha ba ba tswang kwa Transkei ba ne ba le gareng ga dikhwaere tse di neng tsa diragatsa kwa Moletlong wa Boditšhabatšhaba wa Mmino wa Baháʼí kwa Botswana.[50] Ka dingwaga tsa 1994–95, dikampa tsa bašwa di ne di ratwa thata mo Botswana kwa morafe o neng wa tshwara kampa ya ntlha ya bašwa mo nageng. Ka beke e le nngwe, basha ba ne ba kokoana kwa Setheong sa Baháʼí kwa Mahalapye mme ba ithuta botshelo jwa ga Baháʼu’lláh, Kitab-i-Aqdas, le dithuto tsa bodumedi tse di jaaka boitsheko le lenyalo, le go sa sweng ga moya.[51] "Ke Mang yo o Kwalang Isagwe? Seminara ka ga Dikgang tsa Ngwagakgolo wa bo 21" ka 2000 e e neng e tshwaretswe kwa khamphaseng ya Yunibesithi ya Botswana.[52] Maiteko a a anameng Ka 2001 Moporesidente wa nako eo wa Botswana Festus Mogae o ne a akgola go gatisiwa ga dibuka tsa Baháʼí ka puo ya Setswana ya naga.[53] E nngwe e ne e le buka ya dithapelo tsa Baháʼí mo kgatisong ya yone ya boraro e e nang le thanolo e e tlhabolotsweng mme e nngwe e ne e le Mafoko a a Fitlhegileng a ga Baháʼu'lláh (e e gatisitsweng jaaka "Mafoko a Subhied a ga Baháʼu'lláh".) Buka ya dithapelo[35] e ka bonwa mo inthaneteng mahala.[54] Tona ya pusoselegae ya Botswana, Margaret Nasha, o ne a akgola ditiro tsa morafe fa a ne a bua ka jubile ya one ya gauta e e neng e tshwerwe ka Sedimonthole 2004.[11] Baháʼí ba ba tswang kwa Botswana ba ne ba le gareng ga batho ba le sekete ba ba neng ba kokoane kwa khonferenseng ya kgaolo e e neng e biditswe ke Ntlo ya Bosiamisi ya Lefatshe Lotlhe e e neng e tla tshwarelwa kwa Johannesburg, Aforika Borwa, ka Ngwanaitseele 2008.[55] == Batho ka Bongwe ka Bongwe == Robert Sylvester o goletse mo Mokatoliking kwa Amerika mme a sokologela mo bodumeding joo ka dingwaga tsa bo 1970.[56] Ene le mosadi wa gagwe ba ne ba fudugela kwa Zambia moragonyana mo dingwageng tsa bo1970, koo a neng a bereka gone kwa sekolong sengwe mme a direla mo setšhabeng sa Baháʼí koo. Morago ba fudugela kwa Botswana. O ne a tla direla jaaka Mogokgo (Mokhuduthamaga) wa Sekolo sa Boditšhabatšhaba sa Westwood kwa Gaborone, Botswana go tloga ka 1990 go fitlha ka 2000. Mo go yone nako eo o ne a direla gape mo ditheong dingwe tsa bodumedi-a tlhomilwe kwa Setheong sa Katiso sa Leruri sa Baháʼaí kwa Botswana mo botong ya sone ya bakaedi ba nako e e fetileng (109) Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Baháʼí ba Botswana (1999-2000) mme morago ga moo ba boela kwa United States.[57] Shahin Lockman le monna wa gagwe ba ne ba dira diphatlhatiro di le mmalwa tsa kalafi go akaretsa le kwa Botswana.[58] Lockman o ne a dira ka bolwetse jwa thiibi mo Botswana. Fa a ne a etetse koo lekgetlo la ntlha ka 1996, o ne a gapa tlhokomelo ya bolwetse jo bongwe: HIV/AIDS. Bobedi jwa bone ba ne ba feleletsa ba dirile mo tekong ya ntlha ya kalafi ya tirisanommogo ya Setheo sa AIDS sa Botswana le Harvard ka 2000. Sean Hinton, leloko la Foramo ya Tiro ya Baeteledipele ya Setheo sa Aspen, o ne a dira jaaka motshegetsi le motlhotlheletsi wa porojeke ya go tsibosa batho ka HIV/AIDS e e bidiwang Letsema la Itlotlo (e e akanyeditsweng ke matsalaagwe Gerald le Lally Warren) go rotloetsa phetogo mo maitsholong a a dirang gore go anamisiwe HIV/AIDS ya setso mo Botswana . ditekanyetso tse di amanang le tumelo ya bodumedi jaaka maatla a phetogo ya maikutlo.[59] Go ne ga amogelwa dithuso tse pedi tsa go simolola go tswa kwa De Beers Botswana le go tswa kwa Ofising ya Tlhabololo ya Loago le Ikonomi ya Setšhaba sa Boditšhabatšhaba sa Baháʼí. Ka 2009 Lucretia Warren, modulasetulo wa Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Baháʼí ba Botswana le leloko la nako e e fetileng la Boto ya Bagakolodi ba Kontinente ya Baháʼí ya Aforika,[60] o ne a tlhagisa kwa Palamenteng ya gagwe ya boraro[61] ya Madumedi a Lefatshe e e neng e tshwerwe kwa Melbourne le phanele ya " ya Aforika".[62] Dipalopalo Mokgatlho wa Diakhaefe tsa Tshedimosetso ya Bodumedi (o o ikaegileng thata ka Saetlopedia ya Lefatshe Lotlhe ya Bokeresete) o ne wa fopholetsa gore go na le Baháʼí ba ka nna 16 500 ka 2010.[63] Le fa go ntse jalo palo ya batho ya bosetšhaba ya 2001 e bala Baháʼí ba ka nna 700.[1] Maloko a morafe mongwe le mongwe a fopholetsa gore dipalo tseno di ne di nyatsa dipalo tsa bone ka go farologana.[1] == Metswedi == r2ixlotjq5cq4rldmrlblot355x3trp 53555 53525 2026-07-29T11:37:36Z MmaBaggio 11091 53555 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tumelo ya Baháʼí mo Botswana''' e simolola morago ga gore [[ʻAbdu’l-Bahá]], yo ka nako eo e neng e le moeteledipele wa Tumelo ya Baháʼí, a kwale makwalo a a neng a rotloetsa go isa bodumedi jono kwa Afrika ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongweble lesome le borataro. Babulatsela ba ntlha ba Baháʼí ba ne ba goroga mo Botswana mo e ka nnang ka kgwei ya Phalane ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano la bone, koo ba neng ba nna ditsala le Maaforika a mantsi. Ditlhopho tsa ntlha tsa Khuduthamaga ya Sechaba ya Semoya ya Baháʼí kwa Botswana e ne e le ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le bosupa . Palo ya sechana ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe e bala Baháʼí ba ka nna makgolo a supa.<ref name=":6">[https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2005/51449.htm International Religious Freedom Report 2005: Botswana.] United States Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (September 14, 2005). ''This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.''</ref>Le fa go ntse jalo, Mokgatlho wa Dipolokelo Tshedimosetso tsa Bodumedi o ne wa akanyetsa gore go ne go na le Baháʼí ba ka nna dikete di le lesome le borataro le makgolo a matlhano mo Botswana go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome. == Legato la ntlha == === Matlapa a ga Abdu'l-Bahá a Thulaganyo ya Bomodimo === ʻAbdu’l-Bahá o ne a kwalela balatedi ba tumelo kwa United States motseletsele wa makwalo, kgotsa matlapanakwalelo, ka ngwaga wa 1916–1917; makwalo ano a ne a kokoanngwa mmogo mo bukeng ya Matlapa a Thulaganyo ya Bomodimo. Ya borobedi le ya bolesomepedi ya matlapanakwalelo ano e ne e umaka Afrika mme e ne ya kwalwa ka kgwedi ya Moranang a le lesome le borobabongwe ngwaga wa 1916 le ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ale lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bongwe ka go latelana. Le fa go ntse jalo, go gatisiwa ga yone go ne ga diega kwa United States go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1919—morago ga bokhutlo jwa Ntwa ya Lefatshe I le mokgotlhwane wa Spain. Matlapa ano a ne a ranolwa le go tlhagisiwa ke Mirza Ahmad Sohrab ka Moranang e tlhola gane ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le robabongwe , mme a gatisiwa mo makasineng wa Star of the West ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ele lesome le bobedi ngwaga wa,sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le robabongwe .<ref>Abbas, ʻAbdu'l-Bahá (April 1919). [https://bahai-library.com/abdulbaha_tablets_instructions_explanation ''Tablets, Instructions and Words of Explanation''.] Mirza Ahmad Sohrab (trans. and comments).</ref>ʻAbdu'l-Bahá o umaka go tsamaya ga ga Baháʼís "...bogolo jang go tswa kwa Amerika go ya kwa Yuropa, Afrika, Asia le Australia, le go tsamaya go ralala Japane le China. Fela jalo, go tswa kwa Jeremane barutisi le badumedi ba ka nna ba tsamaya go ya kwa dikontinenteng tsa Amerika, Aforika, Japane le China; ka bokhutshwane, ba ka nna ba tsamaya mo dikontinenteng tsotlhe le ditlhaketlhake tsa lefatshe le "bongwe jwa m"<ref>[[:en:ʻAbdu'l-Bahá|Abdu’l Bahá]] (1991) [1916-17]. ''[https://reference.bahai.org/en/t/ab/TDP/tdp-8.html.iso8859-1 Tablets of the Divine Plan]'' (Paperback&nbsp;ed.). [[:en:Wilmette,_Illinois|Wilmette, Illinois]]: US Baháʼí Publishing Trust. pp.&nbsp;47–59. [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-87743-233-3|ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>0-87743-233-3</bdi>]].</ref> neela bana botlhe ba batho botshelo jo bosha, mme motlaagana wa kagiso ya lobopo lotlhe o tlhomiwe mo setlhoeng sa Amerika ka jalo Yuropa le Aforika di ka tshedisiwa ka mewa ya Mowa o o Boitshepo, lefatshe leno le ka nna lefatshe le lengwe, sepolotiki sa mmele se ka fitlhelela boitumelo jwa sesha.<ref>[[:en:ʻAbdu'l-Bahá|Abdu’l Bahá]] (1991) [1916-17]. ''[https://reference.bahai.org/en/t/ab/TDP/tdp-12.html.iso8859-1 Tablets of the Divine Plan]'' (Paperback&nbsp;ed.). [[:en:Wilmette,_Illinois|Wilmette, Illinois]]: US Baháʼí Publishing Trust. pp.&nbsp;82–89. [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-87743-233-3|ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>0-87743-233-3</bdi>]].</ref> == Tshimolodiso ya Badumedi == Go tlhongwa ga baagi Bodumedi bo gorogile mo lefelong leno ka nako ya bokhutlo jwa motlha wa Bechuanaland Protectorate, naga e e neng e le teng pele ga bokoloniale, ka fa tlase ga Kopano ya Aforika Borwa. Ka 1953 Shoghi Effendi, tlhogo ya bodumedi morago ga loso lwa ga ʻAbdu’l-Bahá, o ne a rulaganya thulaganyo ya boditšhabatšhaba ya go ruta e e bidiwang Ntwa ya Bokeresete ya Dingwaga di le Lesome.<ref name=":0">National Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of South Africa (1997). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20080408202119/http://www.bahai.org.za/cm/node/19 Baháʼís in South Africa - Progress of the Baháʼí Faith in South Africa since 1911"]. ''Official Website''. National Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of South Africa. Archived from the original on 8 April 2008. Retrieved 2008-03-19</ref>Ka nako ya thulaganyo babulatsela ba ne ba fudugela kwa mafatsheng a le mantsi go akaretsa le Botswana go tswa kwa mafelong. Se e ne e le ka nako ya kgolo e e anameng ya bodumedi go ralala Aforika e e kwa Borwa jwa Sahara gaufi le bokhutlo jwa paka ya Bokoloniale jwa Aforika.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20071209082606/http://philtar.ucsm.ac.uk/encyclopedia/sub/geness.html Overview Of World Religions".] ''General Essay on the Religions of Sub-Saharan Africa''. Division of Religion and Philosophy, University of Cumbria. Archived from [http://philtar.ucsm.ac.uk/encyclopedia/sub/geness.html the original] on 2007-12-09. Retrieved 2008-04-16.</ref>Maikaelelo a go tlhoma go nna teng ga Baháʼí kwa Bechuanaland a ne a abelwa Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Iran e e neng e sa ntse e dira ka nako eo.<ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=03&page=863 Guardian's Message to the Africa Intercontinnental Conference".] ''Baháʼí News''(281): 1–3. March 1953. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Le fa go ntse jalo, ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ngwaa wa 1953 go goroga ga bosheng ga lelapa la ga Johnson go tswa kwa Amerika ka nako eo kwa Aforika Borwa go ne ga bona go goroga ga ga John le Audrey<ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=04&page=6 Pioneer Letters; Excerpts from Pioneer Letter to the Africa Teaching Committee; ''Johannesburg, March, 1954''".] ''Baháʼí News'' (281): 6. July 1954. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212].</ref>Robarts le morwawe Patrick le morwadie Nina go tswa kwa Canada ba ba neng ba thusiwa go fitlha kwa Mafeking<ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=03&page=1063 Pioneer Letters; Excerpts from Pioneer Letter to the Africa Teaching Committee; ''Edith and Lowell Johnson, Cape Town, South Africa''".] ''Baháʼí News''(280): 15. June 1954. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212].</ref>(ka nako eo kwa Bechuanaland) jaaka babulatsela ba Baháʼí kwa ba neng ba goroga teng ka kgwedi ya Phalame,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le bone <ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=04&page=64 Temple Land in Johannesburg".] ''Baháʼí News''(280): 4. October 1954. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>ba ne ba fetolwa go nna ba-Baháʼí. naga e e neng ya bona sereto sa Mogale wa Baháʼu’lláh go tswa go tlhogo ya Tumelo ya nako eo, e bong Shoghi Effendi.<ref name=":1">[https://news.bahai.org/story/356 Minister praises Baháʼí activities".] ''Baha'i World News Service''. Baháʼí International Community. 14 March 2005. Retrieved July 12, 2013.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le boraro go ne go na le dikopano di le pedi; ditlhopha di le supa, le leloko le le lengwe le le kgaoganeng.Ba lelapa la ga Robart ba ne ba tsene mo bodumeding jono ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mararo le borobabobedi mme fa go ne go tlhomiwa Kokoano ya ntlha ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Canada ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mane le borobabobedi , John o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetulo, e leng tiro e a neng a e dira go fitlha ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a mane le masome a matlhano le boraro fa ba ne ba fuduga.<ref name=":2">Paccassi Pat (August 2011). "[http://www.bahaihistorycaribbean.info/Hands_visits_to_St_Lucia_.pdf Visits of the Hands of the Cause of God to St. Lucia"] (PDF). ''Some information about the Hands of the Cause of God''.</ref> Ka 1954 Seatla sa Lebaka, Musa Banani o ne a tlhoma John go nna Leloko la Boto e e Thusang mme lelapa le ne la ya loetong lwa bodumedi lwa Baháʼí. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano Lally Warren o ne a gakologelwa gore fa a ne a le ngwana yo monnye kwa Mafikeng go ne go sa tlwaelega go kopana le batho basweu ba ba neng ba mo itumedisa ka jalo o ne a dumela gore batho basweu botlhe ba bosula.<ref name=":1" />Seo se ne sa fetoga fa a kopana le lelapa la ga Robarts. <ref name=":3">[https://bahai-library.com/hassall_bahai_communities_country#16 Hassall Graham (2000). "Baháʼí Communities by Country: Research Notes".] ''Essays and short articles and Research notes''. Baháʼí Library Online</ref>"Ba ga Robart ba ne ba sa ntshware jaaka ngwana yo montsho, ba ne ba ntshwara jaaka ngwana," she said. O ne a gakologelwa fa a ne a le dingwaga di le lesome mme lelapa la ga Robarts le ne le tla kwa ntlong ya gagwe go tla go kopana le batsadi ba gagwe, James le Stella Moncho, banyalani ba ntlha ba lefelo leo go nna Baháʼí, "Ba ne ba kgona go dira seno fela bosigo, mme fa ba tla ba lebile ntlo ba ne ba tla tshuba dipone tsa bone tsa [koloi] le go di tima go re, 'Is can it... motlakase mo lefelong le lentsho mo malatsing ao ka jalo mmè o ne a tsaya lebone a bo a le ntsha ka fensetere a bo a le tsoka go re, 'Go siame, go babalesegile gore o tle.'"<ref name=":1" /> Lelapa la ga Robarts le ne la nna tsala le Modiri Molema, ngaka ya kalafi e e tlotlegang thata e bile e le ene fela montsho yo o neng a letleletswe go tsalana le basweu.<ref name=":1" /> Dr. Molema o ne a laletsa ditsala tsa gagwe le ba lelapa la gagwe go tla go utlwa ka bodumedi jono, mme o ne a naya lelapa la ga Robarts makwalo a go itsise Kgosi (dikgosi tsa setso) tsa Bechuanaland Protectorate. Dr. Molema o ne a sokologela mo bodumeding mme go ikwadisa ga gagwe ga go a ka ga itsisiwe phatlalatsa ka ntlha ya go ka tswa go ne go tshwenngwa ka ntlha ya go nna le seabe ga gagwe mo dipolotiking tsa maemo a a kwa godimo mo nakong e e fetileng. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le botlhano wa losika lwa gagwe, Stanlake Kukama, o ne a nna Motswana wa ntlha wa lefatshe la Bechuanaland go nna Mo-Baháʼí yo o boletsweng phatlalatsa. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano Kukama o ne a gakologelwa gore e ne e le molweladitshwanelo tsa tlhaolele, mme e ne e le leloko la lekoko la sepolotiki la Aforika Borwa, African National Congress mme o ne a tlhoile batho ba basweu ka ntlha ya boikutlo jwa bone ka Maaforika mme seo se ne sa fetoga fa a utlwa ka Tumelo ya Baháʼí go tswa mo lelapeng la ga Robarts: "Ka Iháíʼard the59. melaometheo ya Tumelo e ne e le tharabololo ya go [fitlhelela] kagiso le kutlwano mo bathong.... Ke ne ka lemoga gore basweu le bantsho botlhe ba ne ba sa bone boammaaruri, ba ne ba sena leitlho la moya Ka jalo, ke ne ka nna Mo-Baháʼí tharabololo ya go tshegetsa The National1. dingwaga di le dintsi ntle le katlego. Mapodise a ne a nna a mo beile leitlho le fa a sena go nna Mo-Baháʼí ka gonne ba ne ba sa dumele gore o tlogetse dipolotiki tsa lekoko. Moragonyana Rre Kukama o ne a direla dingwaga di le dintsi e le leloko la Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Baháʼí ba Bophuthatswana le ba Aforika Borwa.<ref name=":1" /> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le borataro Tumelo ya Baháʼí e ne e le teng ka dipalo tse dinnye go ralala mafatshena le lesome le botlhano a borwa jwa Afrika. Go tsamaisa merafe e go ne ga tlhophiwa ga khuduthamaga ya secahaba ya Semoya ya kgaolo mo Aforika Borwa Bophirima go ba akaretsa. <ref name=":4">Compiled by [http://bahai-library.com/handscause_statistics_1953-63&chapter=1 Hands of the Cause Residing in the Holy Land. "The Baháʼí Faith: 1844-1963: Information Statistical and Comparative, Including the Achievements of the Ten Year International Baháʼí Teaching & Consolidation Plan 1953-1963".] pp.&nbsp;25, 59.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le borataro John Robarts o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la yone.<ref name=":3" />Mo tshimologongbya ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le bosupa setšhaba sa Baháʼí se ne se le batho ba ba fa gare ga lesome le masome a mabedi mme sa nna karolo ya kokoano ya bosetšhaba ya kgaolo ya Afrika Borwa le Bophirima. Ka 1963 go ne go na le dikopano di le pedi; ditlhopha di le supa, le leloko le le lengwe le le kgaoganeng.<ref name=":2" /> Bokopano bo ne bo le kwa [[Lobatse]], le kwa [[Mahalapye]] le ditlhopha kwa [[Gaborone]], [[Ghanzi]], [[Kopong]], [[Mafeking]], [[Molepolole]], [[Morwa]], [[Serowe]], le Mobaháʼí yo o nosi kwa Moeng (e e gaufi le Dithaba tsa Tswapong).<ref name=":4" /> == Tlhabololo ya Sechaba == Morago ga loso lwa ga Shoghi Effendi, Ntlo ya Bosiamisi ya Lefatshe Lotlhe e e tlhophilweng e ne e le tlhogo ya bodumedi mme ya simolola go rulaganya sešwa merafe ya Baháʼí ya Aforika, go akaretsa le Botswana, ka go kgaoganya merafe ya bosetšhaba go bopa Dikokoano tsa bona tsa Bosetšhaba go tloga ka 1964 le fa e le ka dingwaga tsa bo 1990.<ref name=":0" /> Ka 1967 kokoano e ntšhwa e e tlhophilweng ya kgaolo ya Aforika Borwa Bogare, ka nako eo e ne e akaretsa dinaga tsa Botswana, Malawi le Rhodesia.<ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=06&page=647 Newly-elected National Spiritual Assembly of South Central Africa…".] ''Baháʼí News'' (437): 11. August 1967. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212].</ref> a yone e ne e le: Willard Mahtunge, Florence Fat’he-Aazam, Esther Moncho, Esther Glauder, Brian Eames, Enayat Sohaili, Leonard Chiposi, Helen A. Hope, le John D. Sargent Sr. Ka ngwaga wa 1970 Sekolo sa Bašwa sa Bosetšhaba sa ntlha mo Botswana se ne sa tsenelwa ke bašwa ba feta masome a mararo, bagolo le barutabana.<ref>“[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=07&page=691 Botswana First Youth Institute"]. ''Baháʼí News''(477): 11. December 1970. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Morago ga dithuto banana ba ne ba etela metse e le meraro e e neng e rulagantswe pele ke kokoano ya setshaba ka tumelelo ya dikgosi tsa selegae kwa ba neng ba ntsha puo e e neng e amogetswe sentle e e neng e ba baakanyeditswe segolobogolo. Ka ntlha ya go amogelwa ga puo ba ne ba lalediwa kwa metseng e mengwe e merataro ke dikgosi tsa metse eo mme kgabagare ba tlhagisa bodumedi mo bathong ba ba ka nnang 700 ba ba neng ba le teng kwa dipuong tseo. Go ne ga begwa gape ka loeto lono mo radiong ya lefelo leo. Moragonyana Baháʼí ba ntlha go tswa kwa Ba-Bushmen le kwa Ba-Kgalagadi ba ne ba tsene mo bodumeding jono. Nako e ne ya goroga ya gore go tlhophiwe Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Baháʼí ya Botswana e e neng ya tlhophiwa ka 1970.<ref name=":5">[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=08&page=37 Progress Report of Botswana".] ''Baháʼí News''(492): 12–13. March 1972. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Maloko a yone mo ditlhophong tsa 1971 e ne e le:<ref name=":5" />Stanley Matenge, Esther Moncho, Isaac Kgang, Dennis Makiwa, Maureen Gruber, Robert Sarracino, Bogatlu Pheto, Jeffrey Gruber, le Broer Oageng. Ka Phatwe 1971 go ne ga dirwa dipuo tsa ntlha tsa phatlalatsa ka ga bodumedi kwa Gaborone mme tsa gasiwa mo Radio Botswana ka setlhogo se se reng "Ditumelo tsa Setso tsa Aforika le Kutlwano ya Madumedi a Lefatshe".<ref name=":5" />oTshekatsheko ya morafe e ne ya lemoga gore kokoano ya bosetšhaba le dikokoano tsa selegae di le tlhano di ne di tsentse le go kwadisa le puso. Go tswa foo kokoano ya bosetšhaba e ne ya nna beng ba semolao ba lefelo la bosetšhaba la Baháʼí. Mafelo a le 67 a ne a tsentswe mo bodumeding mme go ne go weditswe go ranolwa ga dikwalo dingwe tsa Se-Baháʼí. Dikgosi di ka nna masome a mane mo maemong a a farologaneng di ne di rometswe melaetsa ke kokoano ya bosetšhaba ka bodumedi jono. Go ne go etetswe metse e le masome a matlhano le bosupa mme go ne ga felela ka gore go nne le dikopano tsa bontsi. Go ne go na le babulatsela ba le banè fela ka nako eo. Motse wa Boneapitse o ne o lemogiwa e le bontsi jwa Baháʼí. Kokoano ya selegae ya Ba-Bush botlhe e ne ya tlhophiwa la ntlha kwa Tshasane ka 1972.<ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=08&page=584 Bushman Assembly". ''B'']''aháʼí News'' (492): 6. February 1974. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Fa e tlhophiwa gape ka 1973 maloko a yone e ne e le: Ci-!Gau, !'ea, Titi, Diolo, Kaka, Mashipa, N!!g<nowiki>''</nowiki>ae-!Nobo, Baberi, Mpalo. Sekaka sa Kalahari (se se bontshiwang ka mmala o mohibidu) le Mogobedi wa Kalahari (mmala wa lamune) Sekolo sa ntlha sa bosetšhaba sa selemo se ne sa diragala ka Dec 29 go ya go Jan 4 1979-1980 mme sa latelwa ke khonferense ya kgaolo ka ga go itsisiwe ga bodumedi ka botsayakarolo jwa Lobatse, Jwaneng, le Kanye mo godimo ga maloko a kokoano ya bosetšhaba le maloko a thuso a boto ka Tlhakole. Ka<ref>. ''Baháʼí News'' (594): 12. September 1980. ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.</ref> Phatwe 1981 khonferense ya ntlha ya boditšhabatšhaba ya Botswana e ne ya tsenelwa ke bagolo le bana ba le 150 go tswa kwa dinageng di le supa.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (599): 14. February 1981. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Ka 1984 Baháʼís ba Gaborone ba ne ba tshwara dikopano di le mmalwa tsa phatlalatsa - e nngwe e ne e tlhomolola Letsatsi la UN le badiredibagolo ba le mmalwa ba toropo ba neng ba le teng kwa go lone, e nngwe e ne e le le Mogakolodi yo o etileng Hooper Dunbar e le yone e neng e begwa ke dikgang tsa thelebishene le radio.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (647): 15. February 1985. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Ka 1985 Baháʼí ba ne ba lalediwa kwa seminareng e e neng e bua ka ditumelo kwa Yunibesithing ya Batswana.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (654): 15. September 1985. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Bašwa ba feta lekgolo ba ne ba kopana kwa khonferenseng ya boditšhabatšhaba ya bašwa ka Phatwe e e neng ya bulwa ke motlatsamopresidente wa nako eo wa Botswana - [[Peter Mmusi]]<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (657): 14. December 1985. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Ngwaga oo gape e ne e le one fa Tsholofetso ya Kagiso ya Lefatshe Lotlhe ya Ntlo ya Bosiamisi e ne ya neelwa moporesidente wa nako eo wa Botswana, [[Quett Masire]]<ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=11&page=565 Governments receive peace statement".] ''Baháʼí News'' (659): 14. February 1986. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> <ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=12&page=228 The Promise of World Peace".] ''Baháʼí News''(683): 2–3. February 1988. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>mmogo le go ranolwa ka Setswana<ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=12&page=89 The Promise of World Peace"]. ''Baháʼí News''(675): 12. June 1987. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> jaaka karolo ya go keteka ka kakaretso Ngwaga wa Boditšhabatšhaba wa Kagiso wa UN.<ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=12&page=136 International Year of Peace (roll call of nations) - Botswana".] ''Baháʼí News'' (678): 3. September 1987. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Patlisiso ya maemo a boditšhabatšhaba a bodumedi ka 1987 e fitlhetse gore le fa Botswana e ne e na le dikopano tsa bosetšhaba le tsa selegae tse di neng di amogela semolao Malatsi a a Boitshepo a Baháʼí, manyalo le go gololwa mo lekgethong jaaka bodumedi di ne di sa amogelwe.<ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=12&page=106 Statistical Update - Worldwide recognition of the Faith"]. ''Baháʼí News'' (676): 11. July 1987. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Diketelo tsa Diatla tsa Lebaka Hands of the Cause ke setlhopha se se tlhophilweng sa Baháʼí, se se tlhomilweng botshelo jotlhe, se tiro ya sone e kgolo e neng e le go anamisa le go sireletsa bodumedi. Ka Motsheganong 1971 Seatla sa Lebaka Adelbert Mühlschlegel e ne e le ene wa ntlha go etela Botswana.<ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=08&page=36 Hand of Cause visits Botswana"]. ''Baháʼí News''(683): 12–13. March 1972. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Ka Ngwanatsele 1971 Seatla sa Lebaka Enoch Olinga o ne a etela naga mme a etela merafe e meraro e mesha le e e matlhagatlhaga thata ya Baháʼí mo Botswana - Ratholo le Bonwapitse (ka bobedi mo kgaolong ya Tswapong Hills), le Tsela ya Palla (e e bidiwang Dinokwe) kutlwano ya batho, tshenolo e e tswelelang pele, le gore bodumedi bo ne bo le teng mo dinageng di le dintsi tse di ka kwa ga mafatshe a bone le fa dibuka tsa sekolo di ne di sa umake bodumedi joo. Moragonyana o ne a neela puo ya phatlalatsa e e bidiwang "Tumelo ya Baháʼí le Thulaganyo ya Loago" le potsolotso ya radio kwa Gaborone kwa a neng a bua ka ditlhogo tse di farologaneng go tswa mo tlhalosong ya lefoko "Baháʼí", hisitori ya bodumedi, kamano ya jone le Bokeresete le mathata a ditlwaelo tsa loago mo Aforika Borwa. Ka Seetebosigo 1972 Seatla sa Lebaka Ruhiyyih Khanum o ne a etela naga malatsi a ka nna 20.<ref>Nakhjavani, Violette (April 1973). "[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=08&page=351 The Great Safari of Hand of the Cause Ruhiyyih Khanum, part 15"]. ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 16–21. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>O ne a kgatlhantshiwa sekgala sa oura go tswa kwa motseng wa Selebi-Phikwe ke mme yo mosha a na le losea lwa beke. Kwa metseng e le mmalwa go akaretsa le Seleka o ne a kopana le barutabana ba dikolo tsa selegae. O ne a akgola babulatsela ba ba neng ba le kwa magaeng go na le go kokoana mo motsemogolong. Kwa motseng o mongwe o ne a bua kwa kholetšheng ya katiso ya barutabana a ela tlhoko thuto ya Baháʼí ya go lekalekana ga bong le botlhokwa jwa bomme le barutabana, go fedisa go sa itse go bala le go kwala mme a re dikgang tsa tumelo ga di a ikaega ka go ithuta dibuka. Mo go Bonwapitse o ne a bua ka botlhokwa jwa thapelo, bokao jwa "Alláh'u'Abhá". Kwa Mmutlane o ne a bua ka kgang ya ditoro tse di amanang le Baháʼu’lláh le Báb. O ne a tswelela kwa metseng e mengwe mme a tshwantsha dikarabo tse di farologaneng tsa tumelo. Kwa Sekakeng sa Kalahari o ne a kopana le Ba-Bushmen fa e le ba le mmalwa fela ba ba neng ba tsene mo bodumeding go fitlha ga jaana ba solofetse gore bodumedi bo tla thusa go somarela dinonofo tsa bone tsa bonolo le bomolemo. Morago ga moo o ne a kopana le kokoano ya bosetšhaba bogolo jang ka kgang ya pono ya Baháʼí ya "therisano", ya gore madi a Baháʼí a tshwanetse go dirisiwa mo maikaelelong a a rileng a go itsise bodumedi. Kwa Lobatse o ne a bua kwa kholetšheng e nngwe ya ithutelo barutabana ka botlhokwa jwa banana. Motse wa bofelo e ne e le Tsholofelo e e Molemo kwa a neng a kopana le Baháʼí ba ntlha ba Botswana -Rre. le Mme Moncho. Ka Mopitlwe 1978 Seatla sa Lebaka H. Collis Featherstone o ne a etela Botswana beke yotlhe a bua ka dikgopolo tsa Baháʼí ka ga ditlhogo tsa bodumedi mme a neela puo mo radiong.<ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=09&page=815 Botswana: Hand of the Cause visits"]. ''Baháʼí News'' (570): 13. September 1978. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Moranang John Robarts, yo o neng a tlhomiwa go nna Letsogo la Tiro ka 1957, le mosadi wa gagwe Audrey ba ne ba boela mo Botswana. Ba ne ba etela metse e le mmalwa le ditsala tsa bone tsa bogologolo mme ba botsolodiwa mo Dikgannyeng tsa Botswana Daily le Radio Botswana.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 14. December 1981. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> == Dipolelo tsa Batho == Paula Rath o ne a nna kwa Botswana ka 1972–73 le monna wa gagwe wa pele, Dick Graham jaaka babulatsela ba Baha'i mme a ne a tsamaisa lekwalodikgang le lennye le le bidiwang Puisano.<ref>Ratha Paula (March 27, 2013). "[http://paularath.com/2013/03/titi-my-bushman-friend-in-botswana/ Titi, my Bushman Friend in Botswana".] ''Blog … more than fashion''.</ref> Maureen Page e ne e le mokwaledi wa Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Ba-Baha'i ba Botswana dingwaga di le dintsi mme monna wa gagwe Jeff Gruber e ne e le moitseanape wa puo, a ithuta puo e e rileng ya Bushman. Jeff o ne a dira mo go tlhameng alefabete e e kwadilweng ya puo ya Se-Bushman e e neng e ise e ko e aroganngwe le go bewa ka dialefabete pele ga a dira le Mo-Bushman wa Kalahari yo o neng a bua Setswana sentle. Go ne ga dirwa dithanolo mme ka 1973 go ne ga dirwa buka ya dithapelo tsa Baháʼí (e e neng ya gatisiwa jaaka "Dithapelo tsa Baháʼí tse di kwadilweng ke Baháʼu'lláh, Bab le ʻAbdu'l-Baha,").<ref>translated by the Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of Botswana (1999) [1977]. [http://www.bahaiprayers.org/setswana/about.htm ''Dithapelo Tsa Baháʼí''(]online&nbsp;ed.). Local Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of Shoreline, Washington (USA). [[:en:Special:BookSources/99912-0-245-5|ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>99912-0-245-5</bdi>.]]</ref> Motshabi wa kwa Iran fa e sale ka 1979, Yousef Mostaghim, le ba lelapa la gagwe ba ne ba tswelela go ema ditiro tsa Baháʼí nokeng fa ba ne ba fudugela kwa Gaborone, kwa Botswana dikgwedi di le mmalwa, mo e ka nnang ka 1982 pele ga ba nna kwa United States.<ref name=":7">[https://web.archive.org/web/20130504150733/http://www.bahai.us/2013/02/28/tributes-in-brief-r-portillo-y-mostaghim-p-stern-w-johnson-a-schurgast-e-varjavandi-f-otey-p-adlparvar-r-borah-g-sen/ Tributes in brief".] National Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of the United States. February 28, 2013. Archived from [http://www.bahai.us/2013/02/28/tributes-in-brief-r-portillo-y-mostaghim-p-stern-w-johnson-a-schurgast-e-varjavandi-f-otey-p-adlparvar-r-borah-g-sen/ the original] on May 4, 2013.</ref> [[Dwight W. Allen]] o ne a dira jaaka Mogakolodi wa Tlhabololo ya Badiri wa Kholetšhe ya Thuto ya [[Molepolole]] le Lefapha la Thuto, kwa Botswana, fa e ne e le Modirisanimmogo wa Patlisiso le Yunibesithi ya Puso ya Florida ka 1986–88.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121101232244/http://ww2.odu.edu/educ/dwallen/ResumeAllen.htm About Dr. Dwight W. Allen"]. Old Dominion University in Norfolk, Virginia, USA. Archived from [http://ww2.odu.edu/educ/dwallen/ResumeAllen.htm the origina]l on 2012-11-01.</ref><ref>[https://www.du.edu/con-res/newsletters/news-wi-2013/drallen.html Dr Douglas Allen, CRI Core Faculty & Director, IMBA program at DU's Daniel's College of Business"]. ''Faculty Spotlight''. Conflict Resolution Institute, University of Denver. 2005.</ref> Ash Hartwell e ne e le moithaopi wa pele wa Peace Corps mo diphatlhatirong tse di farologaneng mo Aforika mme morago a boela kwa United States. O ne a nna moithuti wa ga Dwight W. Allen ka go fetola dithulaganyo tsa thuto tsa yunibesithi, a ithuta le go tsenela Tumelo ya Baháʼí, mme morago ga moo a boela kwa Afrika. Kgabagare lelapa la gagwe le ne la fudugela kwa Botswana.<ref>Warren Odess-Gillett (February 6, 2006). "[http://www.bahaipodcast.com/archives.asp?pYrID=2006 Ash Hartwell (part 2)"]. ''A Baha'i Perspective''. Season 2006. Valley Free Radio.</ref>Fa a le koo o ne a nna le tshono ya go dirisana le Ba-Bushmen ba Kalahari ka nako ya maeto a a neng a lebisitswe mo Baháʼí mme a dira go laola thulaganyo ya go katisa barutabana ba thuto e e kwa godimo mo e ka nnang dingwaga di le tlhano pele a fetela kwa Egepeto.<ref>Warren Odess-Gillett (February 7, 2006). "[http://www.bahaipodcast.com/archives.asp?pYrID=2006 Ash Hartwell (part 3)"]. ''A Baha'i Perspective''. Season 2006. Valley Free Radio.</ref> Lally Warren e ne e le leloko la Boto ya Bagakolodi ba Kontinente mo Aforika go tloga ka 1985 go fitlha ka 2000 mme o diretse bodumedi mo maemong a mangwe a mantsi.<ref name=":1" /> Ditlhopha tsa basadi tse di tswelelang Ka 1975 para ya basadi ba ba tswang kwa Rhodesia ba ne ba tsamaya mafelo a le mmalwa mo nageng ba tshwara dithuto tse di atolositsweng ka bodumedi mo mafelong a le mmalwa ba tsweletsa pele tiro ya basadi. Bobedi jo bo ne jwa kopanngwa ke basha ba le mmalwa ba lefelo leo.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 18–19. December 1975. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Eleruri, ka 1976 ditlelapa di le tlhano tsa tiro ya diatla tsa basadi ba Baháʼí di ne di dira ka thuso ya Iran Sohaili go tswa kwa Rhodesia.<ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=09&page=406 Clubs for Baháʼí women organized]". ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 2. December 1976. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Go ne ga nna le pokano e e neng ya tswelela ka 1978 fa setlhotshwana sa Baháʼí se ne se ba etela beke yotlhe mme sa ba kgothaletsa go amogela mokgele wa go atolosa motse o o gaufi.<ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=09&page=738 Botswana: Deepening institute held]". ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 14. May 1979. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> == Bodumedi jwa Sesha == Fa e sa le bodumedi bo tlhongwa bo nnile le seabe mo tlhabololong ya loago le ikonomi go simolola ka go naya basadi kgololesego e kgolo,<ref name=":8">Momen Moojan. "[https://bahai-library.com/momen_encyclopedia_iran#9.%20Social%20and%20economic%20development History of the Baháʼí Faith in Iran]". ''draft "A Short Encyclopedia of the Baháʼí Faith"''. Bahai-library.com. Retrieved 2009-10-16.</ref>go itsise go rotloetsa thuto ya basadi jaaka tlhobaboroko e e tlang pele,<ref>Kimgdon,Geeta Gandhi (1997). "[https://bahai-library.com/kingdon_education_women_development Education of women and socio-economic development".] ''Baháʼí Studies Review''. '''7''' (1).</ref>mme go nna le seabe goo go ne ga newa tlhagiso e e mosola ka go tlhama dikolo, ditleliniki le dikoporasi tsa temothuo<ref name=":8" />Bodumedi bo ne jwa tsena mo kgatong e ntšhwa ya tiro fa molaetsa wa Ntlo ya Bosiamisi ya Lefatshe Lotlhe wa letlha la 20 Diphalane 1983 o ne o gololwa.<ref>Momen Moojan; Smith, Peter (1989). "[https://bahai-library.com/momen_smith_developments_1957-1988 The Baháʼí Faith 1957–1988: A Survey of Contemporary Developments".] ''Religion''. '''19''' (1): 63–91. [[doi:10.1016/0048-721X(89)90077-8]].</ref> Ba-Baháʼí ba ne ba rotloediwa go batla ditsela, tse di tsamaisanang le dithuto tsa Baháʼí, tse ka tsone ba neng ba ka nna le seabe mo go tlhabololeng loago le ikonomi ya merafe e ba nnang mo go yone. Lefatshe ka bophara ka 1979 go ne go na le diporojeke di le 129 tsa tlhabololo ya loago le ikonomi tsa Baháʼí tse di neng di amogelwa semmuso. Ka 1987, palo ya diporojeke tsa tlhabololo tse di amogetsweng semmuso e ne e oketsegile go nna 1482. == Ditiro tsa Banana == Porojeke ya ntlha ya go ruta basha botlhe e e neng ya diragala kwa Botswana, le leeto la ntlha la go ruta la setlhopha le le neng la dirwa mo Tumelong mo nageng eo, le ne la diragala ka Phatwe, 1970. Setlhopha sa basha ba ka nna 10-15 ba Baha'i, go akaretsa le White Dikhang, Patrick Masimolole, Godfrey Peterrrabisino N, T o ne a tsamaya go tswa Gaborone borwa go ya kwa tikologong e e dikologileng Lobatse, bophirima go ya Kanye, bokone go ya Molepolole, mme a boela kwa Gaborone, a bolela le go ruta Tumelo mo metseng e ka nna lesome le bobedi. Mo motseng mongwe le mongwe o o neng o etelwa ba ne ba ya kwa kgosing kgotsa kgosana ya motse mme ba kopa go bua le ba ba neng ba kokoane kwa kgotleng ya mo mosong, e leng kgotlatshekelo ya letsatsi le letsatsi e kgosi e neng e tla e tshwara mo motseng. Mo maemong otlhe setlhopha seno sa basha se ne sa amogelwa sentle, mme gantsi tlhagiso ya ntlha e ne e latelwa ke thulaganyo e e tshelang ya dipotso le motlotlo. Gareng ga diporojeke tsa ntlha tsa tlhabololo mo Botswana e ne e le go simolola ka thulaganyo porojeke e kgolo ya "Ngwaga wa Tirelo ya Bašwa" e e neng e gokaganya ditiro tsa boithaopo le dikopano tse di nang le tlhokego e e tlhalositsweng.<ref>[[Look at programs around the world". Baháʼí News (505): 2–3. April 1988. ISSN 0195-9212.|A look at programs around the world"]]. ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 2–3. April 1988. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Se se ne sa atolosiwa ke lenaneo la go tlwaetsa bašwa mo ditsong tse di farologaneng tsa setso tsa Aforika.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 15. December 1988. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Go sa le jalo, kamogelo ya tiro ya puso ya bosetšhaba ya go tshegetsa ditshwanelo tsa batho e ne ya tlhagisiwa ke kokoano ya bosetšhaba - kwa kamogelong baemedi le konokono ya bodipolomate go tswa kwa dinageng di le mmalwa le UN. Moemedi wa lekgotla la Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng o ne a laletsa Ba-Baha’i le bone gore ba tshegetse mmogo go keteka Letsatsi la Lekgotla la Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng la 1988. Go ne ga tshwarwa khonferense ya boditšhabatšhaba ya bašwa ka 1989 e kwa go yone batho ba le 120 go tswa kwa dinageng di le 13 ba neng ba le teng.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (706): 14. February 1990. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Ka Sedimonthole basha ba ba tswang kwa Transkei ba ne ba le gareng ga dikhwaere tse di neng tsa diragatsa kwa Moletlong wa Boditšhabatšhaba wa Mmino wa Baháʼí kwa Botswana.<ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=12&page=714 Baháʼí choir from..."] ''Baháʼí News'' (706): 16. March 1990. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Ka dingwaga tsa 1994–95, dikampa tsa bašwa di ne di ratwa thata mo Botswana kwa morafe o neng wa tshwara kampa ya ntlha ya bašwa mo nageng. Ka beke e le nngwe, basha ba ne ba kokoana kwa Setheong sa Baháʼí kwa Mahalapye mme ba ithuta botshelo jwa ga Baháʼu’lláh, Kitab-i-Aqdas, le dithuto tsa bodumedi tse di jaaka boitsheko le lenyalo, le go sa sweng ga moya.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081205190222/http://info.bahai.org/article-1-9-2-8.html Baháʼí Youth: "A New Kind of People"".] Baháʼí International Community. 2013. Archived from [http://info.bahai.org/article-1-9-2-8.html the original] on 2008-12-05. Retrieved 2013-07-12.</ref>"Ke Mang yo o Kwalang Isagwe? Seminara ka ga Dikgang tsa Ngwagakgolo wa bo 21" ka 2000 e e neng e tshwaretswe kwa khamphaseng ya Yunibesithi ya Botswana.<ref>[[Invitation and Program". Association for Baháʼí Studies in Southern Africa. March 2, 2000. Archived from the original on November 6, 2003.|Invitation and Program"]]. Association for Baháʼí Studies in Southern Africa. March 2, 2000. Archived from the original on November 6, 2003.</ref> Maiteko a a anameng Ka 2001 Moporesidente wa nako eo wa Botswana Festus Mogae o ne a akgola go gatisiwa ga dibuka tsa Baháʼí ka puo ya Setswana ya naga.<ref>[http://news.bahai.org/story/130 President of Botswana praises publication of Baháʼí books in native Setswana language".] ''Baháʼí World News Service''. Baháʼí International Community. 27 February 2001. Retrieved July 12, 2013.</ref>E nngwe e ne e le buka ya dithapelo tsa Baháʼí mo kgatisong ya yone ya boraro e e nang le thanolo e e tlhabolotsweng mme e nngwe e ne e le Mafoko a a Fitlhegileng a ga Baháʼu'lláh (e e gatisitsweng jaaka "Mafoko a Subhied a ga Baháʼu'lláh".) Buka ya dithapelo<ref name=":7" />e ka bonwa mo inthaneteng mahala. Tona ya pusoselegae ya Botswana, Margaret Nasha, o ne a akgola ditiro tsa morafe fa a ne a bua ka jubile ya one ya gauta e e neng e tshwerwe ka Sedimonthole 2004.<ref name=":1" /> Baháʼí ba ba tswang kwa Botswana ba ne ba le gareng ga batho ba le sekete ba ba neng ba kokoane kwa khonferenseng ya kgaolo e e neng e biditswe ke Ntlo ya Bosiamisi ya Lefatshe Lotlhe e e neng e tla tshwarelwa kwa Johannesburg, Aforika Borwa, ka Ngwanaitseele 2008.<ref>[[:en:Baháʼí_International_Community|Bahá í International Community]] (2008-11-23). "[https://news.bahai.org/community-news/regional-conferences/johannesburg.html The Johannesburg Regional Conference".] ''Baháʼí International News Service''.</ref> == Batho ka Bongwe ka Bongwe == Robert Sylvester o goletse mo Mokatoliking kwa Amerika mme a sokologela mo bodumeding joo ka dingwaga tsa bo 1970.[56] Ene le mosadi wa gagwe ba ne ba fudugela kwa Zambia moragonyana mo dingwageng tsa bo1970, <ref>Warren Odess-Gillett (July 21, 2008). "[http://www.bahaipodcast.com/archives.asp?pYrID=2008 Robert Sylvester".] ''A Baha'i Perspective''. Season 2008. Valley Free Radio.</ref>koo a neng a bereka gone kwa sekolong sengwe mme a direla mo setšhabeng sa Baháʼí koo. Morago ba fudugela kwa Botswana. O ne a tla direla jaaka Mogokgo (Mokhuduthamaga) wa Sekolo sa Boditšhabatšhaba sa Westwood kwa Gaborone, Botswana go tloga ka 1990 go fitlha ka 2000. Mo go yone nako eo o ne a direla gape mo ditheong dingwe tsa bodumedi-a tlhomilwe kwa Setheong sa Katiso sa Leruri sa Baháʼaí kwa Botswana mo botong ya sone ya bakaedi ba nako e e fetileng (109) Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Baháʼí ba Botswana (1999-2000) mme morago ga moo ba boela kwa United States.<ref>Sylvester Robert F. "[https://webhost.bridgew.edu/rsylvester/bahai.rtf Vita of Robert F. Sylvester".]</ref> Shahin Lockman le monna wa gagwe ba ne ba dira diphatlhatiro di le mmalwa tsa kalafi go akaretsa le kwa Botswana.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150107061113/http://www.aids.harvard.edu/news/spotlight/archives/v7i3_shapiro_lockman_profile.html Drs. Roger Shapiro and Shahin Lockman - Partners in Research & Parenting"]. ''News & Publications, Spotlight newsletter''. HAI - Harvard School of Public Health AIDS Initiative. Fall 2010. Archived from [http://www.aids.harvard.edu/news/spotlight/archives/v7i3_shapiro_lockman_profile.html the original] on 2015-01-07. Retrieved 2013-07-12.</ref>Lockman o ne a dira ka bolwetse jwa thiibi mo Botswana. Fa a ne a etetse koo lekgetlo la ntlha ka 1996, o ne a gapa tlhokomelo ya bolwetse jo bongwe: HIV/AIDS. Bobedi jwa bone ba ne ba feleletsa ba dirile mo tekong ya ntlha ya kalafi ya tirisanommogo ya Setheo sa AIDS sa Botswana le Harvard ka 2000. Sean Hinton, leloko la Foramo ya Tiro ya Baeteledipele ya Setheo sa Aspen, o ne a dira jaaka motshegetsi le motlhotlheletsi wa porojeke ya go tsibosa batho ka HIV/AIDS e e bidiwang Letsema la Itlotlo (e e akanyeditsweng ke matsalaagwe Gerald le Lally Warren) go rotloetsa phetogo mo maitsholong a a dirang gore go anamisiwe HIV/AIDS ya setso mo Botswana . ditekanyetso tse di amanang le tumelo ya bodumedi jaaka maatla a phetogo ya maikutlo.<ref>[http://www.aspenleadersactionforum.org/user/149 About Sean Hinton"]. ''Action Forum Participants''. The Aspen Institute. August 1, 2013</ref>Go ne ga amogelwa dithuso tse pedi tsa go simolola go tswa kwa De Beers Botswana le go tswa kwa Ofising ya Tlhabololo ya Loago le Ikonomi ya Setšhaba sa Boditšhabatšhaba sa Baháʼí. Ka 2009 Lucretia Warren, modulasetulo wa Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Baháʼí ba Botswana le leloko la nako e e fetileng la Boto ya Bagakolodi ba Kontinente ya Baháʼí ya Aforika,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130511195110/http://www.bahai.org.au/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=FmRQn-twNOk%3d&tabid=156 International Baháʼís to address Parliament"]. ''Australian Baháʼí Report''. '''13''' (3): 1–2. October 2009. Archived from [http://www.bahai.org.au/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=FmRQn-twNOk%3D&tabid=156 the original] on May 11, 2013. Retrieved July 12, 2013</ref> o ne a tlhagisa kwa Palamenteng ya gagwe ya boraro<ref>Khosravi Beman (1 August 2004). "[https://www.bahaicouncil-ni.org.uk/comm/96/pwr.htm Parliament of the World's Religions"]. ''CommuNIqué'' (96). Retrieved July 12, 2013.</ref>ya Madumedi a Lefatshe e e neng e tshwerwe kwa Melbourne le phanele ya " ya Aforika".<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130511195057/http://www.bahai.org.au/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=zdnOesmjNQE%3d&tabid=156 Baháʼís contribute to inter-faith Parliament".] ''Australian Baháʼí Report''. '''14''' (1): 4–5. February 2010. Archived from the original on May 11, 2013. Retrieved July 12, 2013.</ref> Dipalopalo Mokgatlho wa Diakhaefe tsa Tshedimosetso ya Bodumedi (o o ikaegileng thata ka Saetlopedia ya Lefatshe Lotlhe ya Bokeresete) o ne wa fopholetsa gore go na le Baháʼí ba ka nna 16 500 ka 2010.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210302132059/https://www.thearda.com/QL2010/QuickList_40.asp QuickLists: Most Baha'i (sic) Nations (2010)".] ''[[:en:Association_of_Religion_Data_Archives|Association of Religion]] Data Archives''. 2010. Archived from [https://www.thearda.com/QL2010/QuickList_40.asp the original] on 2021-03-02. Retrieved 2020-10-14.</ref>Le fa go ntse jalo palo ya batho ya bosetšhaba ya 2001 e bala Baháʼí ba ka nna 700.<ref name=":6" />Maloko a morafe mongwe le mongwe a fopholetsa gore dipalo tseno di ne di nyatsa dipalo tsa bone ka go farologana.<ref name=":6" /> == Metswedi == dbnu5g21o6xm56qrpv1db4sjbbekgs2 0 14762 53535 2026-07-29T06:45:13Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya ga Sakhile Nyoni #Wikipedia25BW 53535 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Sakhile Nyoni|occupation=Mokgweetsi wa difofane|known for=Mokgweetsi wa ntlha wa difofane wa mme mo Botswana}} '''Sakhile Nyoni-Reiling''' ke mokgweetsi wa difofane o o tsholetsweng kwa [[Zimbabwe]] mme a nna mo [[Botswana]]. E ne e le mokgweetsi wa difofane wa ntlha wa mosadi mo Botswana gape e le mosadi wa ntlha go bereka e le mookamedi wa [[Air Botswana]]. Ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi,Nyoni o ne a nna mokgweetsi wa ntlha wa difofane wa mosadi mo Botswana, a berekela Air Botswana.<ref>Peggy Saari; Timothy L. Gall; Susan B. Gall (1997). [https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=QK1WAAAAYAAJ&redir_esc=y ''Women's Chronology: A History of Women's Achievements''.] UXL. ISBN&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-0662-6|<bdi>978-0-7876-0662-6</bdi>.]]</ref><ref>Ford, Tamasin; Shah, Dhruti (25 September 2018). [https://www.bbc.com/news/business-44764541 "The female pilot teaching African women to fly".] ''BBC News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> Ka Ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le motso, o ne a nna mosadi wa ntlha go bereka e le mookamedi wa Air Botswana.<ref>[https://bulawayo24.com/index-id-news-sc-local-byo-9963-article-zimbabwean+woman,+sakhile+nyoni,+appointed+air+botswana+head+.html "Zimbabwean woman, Sakhile Nyoni, appointed Air Botswana head]". ''Bulawayo24 News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> == Metswedi == tkuj91j1gqed3q548d533ovs93zfd3t 0 14763 53541 2026-07-29T07:22:21Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Frederick Thomas Green #Wikipedia25BW 53541 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Frederick Thomas Green|birth_date=Moranang a le malasti a mane ngwaga wa 1829|birth_place=[[Montreal]]|death_date=Motsheganong a le malatsi a matlhano 1978|death_place=Damaraland|occupation=Motsomi, mogwebi, motsamai|spouses=Betsy Kaipukire Kate Stewardson}} '''Frederick Thomas (Fred) Green''' (o o tshotsweng ma Morananang a le malatsi a mane ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi masome a mabedi le borobabongwe a tlhokafala ka Motsheganong a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi masome a supa le borataro) e ne e le motlhatlhami, motsomi le mogwebi wa kwa e leng [[Namibia]] le [[Botswana]] gompieno. Go tswa ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabobedi le masome a matlhano go tsena ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabobedi masome a matlhano le boraro o ne a berekela kwa kgaolong ya [[letsha la Ngami]] ke mogolowe Charles. Morago ga ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabobedi masome a matlhano le bone o ne a remeletse jwa Damaraland (Namibia). == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Frederick Thomas Green k tsholetswe kwa Montreak, Quebec, e le morwa William John Green le mosadi wa gagwe Margaret Gray. Margaret ke morwadia John Gray motlhami wa banka ya Montreal. William John Green, i o itsegeng gape ka leina la William Goodall Green, o berekile kwa lephateng la ofisi ya boemedi kwa sesoleng sa Britan, a isiwa kwa Halifax, Nova Scotia ka dingwaga tsa sekete makgolo a robabobedi masome a mane, kwa mosadi wa gagwe a tlhokafaletseng teng. O ne a fudugela kwa koloneng ya Kapa le bana ba gagwe ba bannye ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabobedi masome a mane le borataro, a nna kwa [[Grahamstown]]. === Letsha la Ngami === Mogolowe Fred Green ebong [[Henry Green]] o ne a le kwa Bloemfontein, kwa lephateng la boemedi kwa nokeng ya Orange. Morago o ne a tlhatlhama Major Warden e le motho o o nnang koo wa Britain go fitlhelela lefelo le tlogelwa ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabobedi masome a matlhano le bone. Fred le Charles Green le bone ba ne ba le kwa [[Bloemfontein]] ka nako eo mme ba tsaya loeto go ya kwa Shoshong fa Charles a le dingwaga di le masome a mabedi le bone Fred a le masome a mabedi le motso. Mo loetong loo, ba ne ba kopana le [[David Livingstone]] ba le kwa lefelonga Livingstone kwa thomong ya Kolobeng ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e le masome mararo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi le masome a matlhano. Ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabobedi masome a matlhano le motso, bana boora Green ba ne ba tsaya loeto lo longwe go ya letsheng la Ngami. Ka nako e ba ne ba na le masole a le mabedi, Edward Shelley le Gervase Bushe. Bushe le Shelley ba ne ba kile ba etela [[Bechuanaland|Bechunaland]] ngwaga o o fetileng, mme ba timela. Ba ne ba tshwarwa ke baokamedi ba Transvaal, ba ba neng ba leka go thibela ba bangwe go etela letsheng la Ngami. Mo loetong lwa sekete makgolo a robabobedi masome a matlhano le motso ba ne ba atlega go gaisa pele. Ba ne ba kopana le David Livingstone le William Oswell kwa nokeng ya Botletle ka Lwetse a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi masome a matlhano le motso. Koo Livingstone o ne a ba thusa go baakanya leotwana la wagon. Fred Green o ka tswa a ne a tsamaela kwa pele a ya bokgakala jwa [[Ghanzi]] gaufi le molelwane wa gompieno wa Namibia. Ka Mopitlo ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabobedi masome a matlhano le bobedi, Fred Green o ne a boetse kwa nokeng ya Orange,  kwa e neng e le boremelelo jwa gagwe le mogolowe Charles mo loetong lwa bone lwa ngwaga le ngwaga. Mo loetong lwa bone lwa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi masome a matlhano le bobedi go ya letsheng la Ngami, Charles  le Fred Green ba ne ba etela kgosi wa Bakwena [[Sechele I|Setshele I]] kwa Kolobeng ba tlogela dikgomo di le masome a matlhano le ene fa ba boa. Ba ne ba ikaeletse go tsamaya mo lefelong le le tletseng ditsetse. Nako nngwe mo loetong lwa bone, ba ne ba kopana le Samuel Edwards (ngwana wa morongwa) le Donald Campbell. Ba ne ba tsamya sekgala sa dimile di le di le lekgolo le masome a mabedi go ya kwa bophirima jwa letsha fa ba goroga kwa lefatsheng a ditlou. Lefatshe le gape ba ne ba latlhegelwa ke dipitse di le masome a mararo le bone le dikgomo di le masome a matlhano. Fa ba boela Kolobeng ba ne ba fitlhela Maburu a tlhasetse kwa Kolobeng ba tsere dikgomo tse ba neng ba di tlogetse le Setshele. Basadi ka nna makgolo a mabedi le bana ba ka nna sekete ba ne ba tsewa go diriwa makgoba ka nako ya tlhaselo. Livingstone ka mo go tshwanang o ne a boa a fitlhela lolwapa lwa gagwe lo tlhasetswe ke Maburu. Charles le Fred Green ba ne ba boela Bloemfontein ka Firikgong ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi masome a matlhano le boraro ba na le Edwards, o a neng a tolokolela Sechele, go isa ngongora kwa baokameding ba Britain ka mogoloa bone Henry Green. Morago ga go tsaya tshwetso ya gore loeto lwa go ya Kapa ga lo na go ba thusa ka sepe. Charles Green o ne a tshwaretse Sechele didirisiwa a mo isa lwapeng gape. Metswedi mengwe ya re Sechele o ne a goroga kwa Kapa pele ga a boela gae. Henry  Green o ne a tsibosiwa ka lokwalo lwa ga Sir George Cathcart, mookamedi wa kolone ya kapa gore a seka a reetsa batsalwaleene a itlhophele go nna le Sechele. Fred Green o a neng a le dingwaga di le masome mabedi le boraro ka nako eo, o ne a sala kwa Bloemfontein, a nna kwa Tempe le Andrew Hudson Bain, molemi wa lotso lwa Scottish o a neng a tsoma koo mo bonaneng jwa gagwe. Fred o ntse nako e ntsi a tshemeka billiards gape a tsoma le masole. Ka mariga a ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabobedi masome a matlhano le boraro Fred Green o ne a boela kwa letsheng la Ngami a ya kgakala kwa botlhaba. Ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabobedi masome a matlhano le bone o ne a ya kwa bophirima a raletse Damaraland go ya Walvis Bay. Go tswa foo o ne a ya Kapa, go akanyediwa a ne a tsamaya mo lewatleng. Ka nako e o gape go lwela go laola noka ya Orange go ne ga tla bokhutlong ka bokopano kwa Bloemfontein jwa masome a mabedi le boraro jwa kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabobedi masome a matlhano le bone. Ka Mopitlo sesole sa Britain se na sa tsamaya ga nna le lefatshe la Orange Free State. Go lebega Fred Green a ne a akanya gore ka seemo se se fetogileng sa polotiki, kgwebo mo botlhaba e tlaa wela tlase ka jalo o ne a leba kwa bophirima. Kwa Kapa Fred Green o ne a kopana le Charles John Anderson, wa mo Sweden a tsena mo bokopanong le ene. Loeto lwa gagwe lo lo latelang go ya kwa letsheng la Ngami lo ne lo thusiwa ka madi ke Andersson. === Lonyalo le bana === Green pele o ne a nyala Betsey Kaipukire ua Kandendu. Ba ne ba nna le ngwana wa mosetsana, ebong Ada Maria Green (o o tshotsweng ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabobedi masome a marataro le bone ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e le malatsi a masome mabedi le bone a tlhokafala ka Motsheganong a le masome mabedi le bone ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a mabedi le borataro). O ne a nyala Kate Stewardson. Ba ne ba nna le bana ba supa, ba le bane ba tlhokafetse ba santse ba le masea. Mary Elizabeth Green (o o tshotsweng ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabobedi masome a marataro le botlhano ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e le malatsi a mane a tlhokafala ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a matlhano le bobedi ka kgwedi ya Moranang e le lesome le borobabobedi), Frederick Vincent Greene (o o tshotsweng ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabobedi masome a marataro le borobabobedi ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e le malatsi a le masome a mabedi le motso a tlhokafala ka ngwaga a sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a mane le borobabongwe kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e le masome mabedi le borataro) le Alice Isabella Green (o o tshotsweng ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabobedi masome a supa le motso kgwedi ya Phatwe e le lesome le borataro a tlhokafala ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a mane le botlhano) ke bone ba ba falotseng. Frederick Thomas Green ke rraagwemogolo mopolotiki, moithuti le mokwadi Mburumba Kerina (Kerina Otjiherero)<ref>[[:en:Klaus_Dierks|Dierks, Klaus.]] [https://www.klausdierks.com/Biographies/Biographies_K.htm "Biographies of Namibian Personalities, K".] klausdierks.com. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> == Metswedi == 0x6pq4l0mlb5hokq0t54vpp0euk27d3 0 14764 53544 2026-07-29T09:00:38Z JudithShe 9421 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345287938|Child labour in Botswana]]" 53544 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Go berekisa bana mo Botswana''' go tlhalosiwa e le go berekisa bana botlhaswa ka tiro nngwe le nngwe e e kotsi mo kgolong ya bone ya mmele, tlhaloganyo, loago le maitsholo. Tiro ya bana mo [[Botswana]] e supiwa ke mofuta wa tiro e e pateleditsweng ngwana go ya ka dingwaga tsa gagwe, ka ntlha ya mabaka a a tshwanang le lehuma le phatlhalatso ya dijo mo ntlong. Tiro ya bana mo Botswana ga e kwa godimo go ya ka dipatlisiso. Lephata la Babereki la United States le bolela gore ka ntlha ya diphatlha mo ditshetlaneng tsa lefatshe , itsholelo e e tlhokegang, le go tlhoka mananeo, "bana mo Botswana ba bereka ditiro tse ba sa tshwanelang go ka bo ba di bereka ". <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018). |url=https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana |access-date=2020-05-13 |website=Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports}}</ref> Lekgotla la mafatshefatshe la pereko ke setlhopha sa lekgotla la United Nations se se tshwaraganetseng go tlhama melao ya babereki le go rotloetsa dintlha tsa tshiamiso ya ditshetlana tsa pereko . Lekgotla la mafatshefatshe la pereko (ILO) mo tumalanong ya lekgolo masome a mararo leborobabobedi le bolela fa dingwaga tse di kwa tlase tse di tlhokegang gore motho o ka simolola go bereka, e le tsela ya go thibela go berekisa bana ka go tlhoma seelo sa dingwaga tse di kwa tlase tsa pereko le melao ya mafatshe fa seelo se se ka tlolwa. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=ILO. (N/A). |url=https://www.ilo.org/ipec/facts/ILOconventionsonchildlabour/lang--en/index.htm |access-date=2020-05-27 |website=Conventions and Recommendations on child labour (IPEC) |language=en}}</ref> Lefatshe la Botswana le ne la amogela Tumalano ya Dingwaga tse di kwa Tlase ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le botlhano, ya tlhoma molao wa lefatshe o o letlang bana ba bonnye jwa dingwaga di le lesome le bone go bereka mo maemong a a tlhophilweng. Lefatshe la Botswana le ne la amogela gape Tumalano ya ILO ya Mefuta e e Maswe go gaisa ya Tiro ya Bana, tumalano ya lekgolo masome a robabobedi le bobedi, ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi . <ref name=":1" /> Lenaneo la mafatshefatshe la go emisiwa ga pereko ya bana (IPEC) le thusitse lefatshe ka madi mabapi le lenaneo la ''go Fedisa Mefuta e e Maswe go gaisa ya Tiro ya Bana'' ( TECL ) mo Botswana ''.'' Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bone go ne ga tlhomiwa ''Komiti ya Bogakolodi ya Lenaneo la Tiro ya Bana'' ( PACC ) go okamela ''Lebaka la go Fedisa Mefuta e e Maswe go gaisa ya Tiro ya Bana'' ( TECL ) mo Botswana . <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Procek |first=Eva |date=2006 |title=Discussion document on child labour in Botswana |publisher=ILO}}</ref> Dithutopatlisiso dingwe di na le maemo a a ganetsang ka tiro ya bana mo Botswana. Jaaka go tlhalositswe ke [[Eva Procek]] mo patlisisong ya gagwe ya Puisano ''ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro'' ''ka ga Tiro ya Bana kwa Botswana'' "maano a a tlhamaletseng a a beetsweng nako a go rarabolola go bereka ga bana le mefuta e e maswe go gaisa ya tiro ya bana ga a ise a tlhamiwe". <ref name=":2" /> == Diphitlhelelo tsa go berekisa bana mo Botswana == [[Setshwantsho:Child-labour.jpg|thumb| Tiro ya bana ke mofuta mongwe fela wa tiro e e kotsi mo boitekanelong jwa ngwana. E ka ama bokgoni jwa go tsaya karolo mo ditirong tse dingwe jaaka go tsena sekolo.]] Lekgotla la United States of Labour le dirile dipatlisiso ka kgang ya go berekisa bana mo Botswana mme le begile diphitlhelelo. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018). |url=https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana |access-date=2020-05-13 |website=Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana "United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018)"]. ''Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> Lephata la Badiri la United States mo ''Dipegong tsa lone tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabobedi tsa Tiro ya Bana le Tiro e e Patelediwang, tsa Botswana'', le tlhalositse gore "Lefatshe la Botswana le dirile kgatelopele e se kae mo go fediseng tiro ya bana ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabobedi". <ref name=":0" /> Lephata la babereki la United States le tswelela ka go bolela gore "Lefatshe la Botswana le dira ditiro tse di maswe thata tsa go berekisa bana, go akaretsa le go ba dirisa botlhaswa ka thobalano, go ba pateletsa go dira tiro ya go disa dikgomo, le go dira tiro ya mo gae e e patelediwang, nngwe le nngwe ya tsone ka ntlha ya go gweba ka batho". <ref name=":0" /> Diphatlha mo tsamaisong ya molao mmogo le maiteko a lefatshe a a sa kaelwang sentle, jaaka go boletswe ke lephata la babereki la United States di dirile gore go nne le dipego tsa segompieno tsa go berekisa bana kwa Botswana. <ref name=":0" /> == Mabaka == Lekgotla la mafatshefatshe la pereko le bega gore bana ba "berekela go itshetsa" le ka mabaka a mangwe a a gatelelang bokgoni jwa bone jwa go nna ka kgololesego. <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 July 2011 |title=ILO. (2013). |url=http://www.ilo.org/moscow/areas-of-work/child-labour/WCMS_248984/lang--en/index.htm |access-date=2020-05-15 |website=Causes |language=en}}</ref> Dintlha tse di ka fa tlase jaaka kwa lefatshe le le teng, dipalopalo tsa batho le lehuma ke dingwe tsa dilo tse di bakang go berekisiwa ga bana mo Botswana. === Popego === Lefatshe la Botswana ke lefatshe le le dikologilweng ke mafatshe a mangwe ka jalo le sena lotshitshi lwa lewatle le le mo karolong ya borwa-bophirima jwa [[Aferika|Aforika]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Toney and Boo Peel. (2019). |url=https://www.victoriafalls-guide.net/geography-of-botswana.html |access-date=2020-05-27 |website=Geography of Botswana - Where is Botswana?}}</ref> Sonia Bhalotra mo patlisisong ya gagwe ''ya OECD ya dipampiri tsa tiro tsa lefatshe, tiro le khudugo'' o bolela gore ka ntlha ya " go ema ga go gola ga itsholelo, [[HIV/AIDS]], dikgotlhang, tlala le go tlhoka bophepa, go okeditse kgang ya go berekisa bana mo Aforika kwa Borwa jwa Aforika ". <ref>Bhalotra.S (2003). ''OECD SOCIAL, EMPLOYMENT AND MIGRATION WORKING PAPERS. {{doi|10.1787/1815199X}}''</ref> Pego ya ILO ''ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borataro'' ''ya'' ''dikakanyetso'' ''tsa'' ''Lefatshe tsa Tiro ya Bana'' e bolela gore "Ngwana a le mongwe mo go ba le batlhano ba Aforika o a bereka". Pego e bolela gore mo kgaolong, bana ba le didikadike di le masome a supa le bobedi, le motso o le mongwe, ba bereka e le badiri mme ba le didikadike di le masome a mararo le motso, ba bereka mo maemong a a kotsi, mme se fav se tshwantshanngwa le mafatshe a mangwe se kwa godimo gabedi. Diphitlhelelo go tswa mo pegong ya ILO ''ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borataro'' ''ya Diphopholetso tsa Lefatshe tsa Tiro ya Bana'' di bontsha gore lephata la temothuo go ralala kgaolo le dira 85% ya babereki ba bana, ba bontsi ba bone ba berekang mo dikgwebong tsa malwapa le mo masimong bogolosegolo ba le mo kgwebong ya temothuo kgotsa go disa leruo. <ref name=":8" /> Go feta fa, mekgwa ya setso mo merafeng ya Aforika e itemogela go tlogela sekolo ga bana go tsena mo tirong. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Streit.K. (N/A). |url=https://study.com/academy/lesson/child-labor-in-africa-facts-statistics.html |access-date=2020-05-17 |website=Child Labor in Africa: Facts & Statistics |language=en}}</ref> Se se bonwa mo Aforika go rotloetsa tlhabololo ya botshelo le bokgoni jwa mmele kgatlhanong le mekgwa ya bophirima . <ref name=":4">{{Cite journal |last=Loretta E |first=Bass |date=2004 |title=Child labour in sub-Saharan Africa |page=32}}</ref> Sekai sa se se ka bonwa ka batho ba kwa magaeng ba Pare kwa [[Tanzania]], Aforika e e kwa Borwa jwa Sahara, ba ba akaretsang bana ba dingwaga di le tlhano go tlhokomela dijalo. <ref name=":4" /> ==== Phetisetso kwa Botswana ==== Phetiso ya dikgang tsa go berekisa bana go tswa mo bokaong jwa Aforika ka kakaretso e bonwa gape le mo Botswana. Lephata la babereki la United States le bolela mo Pegelong ya lone ''ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi le lesome'' ''ya Mefuta e e Maswe go gaisa ya Tiro ya Bana'' gore tebelopele e e bokoa ya itsholeo ya malwapa le dikabo tsa didirisiwa di tlhotlheletsa go tsenngwa ga bana mo tirong mo mabakeng a le mantsi jaaka fa "batsadi ba ba tswang kwa metseselegaeng ba romela bana ba bone kwa toropong go ya go nna le malwapa a a humileng a badiri ba mo gae le go ba berekela e le malata . Pego e tswelela ka go tlhomamisa gore bana ba le bantsi ba tshwaragane thata le mefuta e e kotsi ya temothuo, mo bana ba "disang metlhape ya leruo mo mafelong a a kgakala malatsi a mantsi ba sena dijo le bonno jo bo siameng". <ref name=":10" /> Botswana ke motswedi o mogolo wa go dirisa bana botlhaswa mo go tsa kgwebo ya tlhakanelodikobo . Bana ba ba humanegileng ba patelediwa go nna babereki mme ba rekisediwa bareki kwa ditseleng tse ditona le bakgweetsi ba diteraka. <ref name=":10" /> ==== Baagi ==== [[Setshwantsho:Children_on_the_Okavango_in_Botswana.jpg|thumb| Bana ba morafe o o nnang kwa makgobokgobong a Okavango]] Botswana ke legae la merafe e le mentsi jaaka ya Basarwa le batho ba ba nnang mabapi le [[makgobokgobo a Okavango]] . <ref name=":9">{{Cite web |title=Baan.M. (2020). |url=https://www.humanium.org/en/botswana/ |access-date=2020-05-27 |website=Children of Botswana |language=en-GB}}</ref> ''Matyas Baan'' mo tsebeng ya gagwe ''ya Go Lemoga Ditshwanelo tsa Bana mo Botswana'' o bolela gore baagi ba ba "tlhokile lesego e bile ba mo kotsing ka ntlha ya go fudusiwa kgakala kgotsa go tsewa jaaka ba ba kgaphetsweng kwa thoko". <ref name=":9" /> Setšhaba sa Basarwa ke setlhopha sa morafe o monnye, se se leng kgakala, se le kgakala le ditirelo tsa lefatshe le legolo, se se dirileng gore go nne le bothata mo go sireletseng bana. <ref name=":9" /> Bana ba merafe e ga ba kgone go itemogela ditirelo di tshwana le thuto mme ba na le nako ya go tsaya dikarolo bogolosegolo mo dikgwebong tsa malwapa le mo dipolaseng kgotsa go dirisiwa botlhaswa mo go tsa thobalano le go gweba ka batho. <ref name=":9" /> === Go Fetoga ga Dipalopalo === Diphetogo mo dipalopalong tsa batho di bontsha go fetoga ga maitsholo a beng gae le ditiro tsa batho go kgotsofatsa maemo a a rileng. Diphetogo mo dipalopalong tsa batho ka kabo ya didirisiwa mo malapeng, peeletso ya batsadi le ditlhokego tsa malapa mo Botswana di dirile gore bana ba direle ditlhokego tsa motho ka bongwe le tsa malwapa, ba kgaphelwe kwa thoko mo sekolong le go simolola "kgwebopotlana". <ref name=":13">{{Cite journal |last=Katz |first=C |date=1996 |title=Anthropology of Work Review |page=3}}</ref> Kgopolo ya Caldwell ya khumo (ya ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabobedi le bobedi), e bontsha ka fa mafatshe a a nang le khumo jaaka ka balemi barui, ba ka itemogela go ya kwa godimo ga tsholo gore bana ba ba tlhokomele mo botsofeng jwa bone le go bona maemo a sepolotiki.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal |last=Bock |first=J |date=2003 |title=Evolutionary demography and intrahousehold time allocation: School attendance and child labor among the Okavango Delta Peoples of Botswana |journal=American Journal of Human Biology |language=en |volume=14 |issue=2 |pages=206–221 |doi=10.1002/ajhb.10040 |issn=1042-0533 |pmid=11891934 |s2cid=30487369}}</ref> Kabo e e lekanyeditsweng ya ditsompelo tsa mo gae le khumo go ya kwa baneng e dira gore bana ba patelesege go bereka. <ref name=":13" /> Ditlamorago tsa kabo ya ditsompelo mo teng ga malwapa di ka batlisisiwa mo Bathong ba makgobokgobo a Okavango ba Botswana. Patlisiso nngwe ya ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le bobedi e e dirilweng mo merafeng e le metlhano ya baagi e bontsha gore mo baneng ba le lekgolo masome a mabedi le bobedi ba le masome mabedi ba ne ba tsena sekolo, mme ba le lesome le botlhano ba bone ba ne ba tshwanelwa ke go tsaya loeto lwa dikhilomithara di le masome a mararo kgotsa go feta, mo go bakang go rekisetsa batho ba mo gae ditiro tsa mo gae tsa go disa, go gama le go ntsha dithoro. <ref name=":5" /> Thutopatlisiso e e dirilweng ke John Bock mo bukeng ya gagwe ''ya Evolutionary demographic le kabo ya nako mo teng ga malapa,'' e feletse ka diphitlhelelo tsa kamano ya kabo ya nako le didirisiwa mabapi le thuto ya Bana le go tsaya karolo mo tirong. Thutopatlisiso e bontsha ka fa go fetoga ga peeletso ya batsadi, maemo a lenyalo, go nna teng ga ditiro tse dingwe tse si nang le maduo, tatelano ya botsalo le bong jwa bana "di nang le ditlamorago tsa go tlhaloganya tiro ya bana le dikabo tsa nako le katlego e e latelang". <ref name=":5" /> === Lehuma === Lehuma ke maemo a mo go ona setšhaba kgotsa batho ka bongwe ba tlhokang phitlhelelo ya ditlhokego tsa motheo le metswedi ya matlole go tsweletsa maemo a a kwa tlase a botshelo. <ref>{{Cite web |title=World Vision Australia. (2019). |url=https://www.worldvision.com.au/global-issues/work-we-do/poverty |access-date=2020-05-27 |website=Poverty |language=en}}</ref> Botswana e na le 36.7% ya malwapa a a tshelang ka fa tlase ga mola wa lehuma, se se dirileng gore banana ba nne mo kotsing. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Procek |first=Eva |date=2006 |title=Discussion document on child labour in Botswana |publisher=ILO}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFProcek2006">Procek, Eva (2006). "Discussion document on child labour in Botswana". ILO.</cite><span data-ve-ignore=""> </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore=""><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Tempolete:Cite journal|cite journal]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore="">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">&#x7C;journal=</code> ([[Help:CS1 errors#missing periodical|help]])</span> [[Category:CS1 errors: missing periodical]]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bobedi, tona wa Merero ya pereko le selegae, Peter Siele, o ne a etela le go bua le modiri wa dingwaga tse di lesome le bobedi yo o sa tseneng sekolo ka ga go sa tsene sekolo ga gagwe. Karabo e e kwadilweng e ne e le "lehuma ke lone le le ntireleng gore ke tlogele sekolo, ke bolawa ke tlala" (lehuma le mpateleditse go tswa mo sekolong, ke boga ke tlala). <ref name=":6">{{Cite journal |last=Bothale |first=E |date=2012 |title=The Case for Children's Budgeting in Botswana |journal=International Journal of Children's Rights |volume=20 |issue=3 |pages=440–456 |doi=10.1163/157181811X615933}}</ref> Ditshupo tse di sa siamang tsa itsholelo e kgolo di tlhotlheleditse go tlhoka bokgoni ga dikabo tsa tekanyetso kabo go ya kwa maitekong a a ikaegileng ka bana. <ref name=":6" /> Eva Procek mo tsebeng ya gagwe ya Puisano ''ya dingwaga pedi le borataro'' ''ka ga go'' ''berekisa'' ''bana mo Botswana'' o batlisisa gore bana ba kwa magaeng le kwa mafelong a a kgakala ba mo kotsing. <ref name=":2" /> Procek o bolela gore bana ba ditlhopha tsa kwa magaeng jaaka ba ba tswang mo setšhabeng sa San ba itemogela maemo a a kwa godimo a lehuma ka ntlha ya dikelo tse di kwa godimo tsa go sa itse go bala le go kwala, ka go nna le tshekamelo ya go tsenela tiro go sa le gale go tshegetsa malapa a bona ka ba "tshwarwa ke ditsholofelo tsa setso tse di thulanang". <ref name=":2" /> Dikgang tsa dikoloto le mathata a madi le tsone di felela ka gore bana ba tseye dikarolo mo tirong. == Bogolo le go phatlhalala == Lephata la Merero ya lefatshe la United States mo ''pegong ya bone ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bosupa ya [[ditshwanelo tsa setho mo Botswana]]'' le bolela gore selekanyo se se anameng sa kgang e, se bona "bana mo lefatsheng ba dira ditiro tse di maswe go gaisa" tse di akaretsang: tirisobotlhaswa ya thobalano ya kgwebo, temothuo le go patelediwa go dira tiro ya mo gae. Lephata la pereko le boitekanelo le na le bana ba le dikete di le masome mabedi le botlhano ba ba ka fa tlase ga dingwaga di le lesome le botlhano ba ba berekang mo dipolaseng. Ba bangwe ba le sekete makgolo a matlhano ba ikarabelwa ka tiro ya mo gae mo malapeng a a humileng. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018). |url=https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana |access-date=2020-05-13 |website=Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana "United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018)"]. ''Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> Lefatshe la Botswana le tswelela ka go tshwaraganela go nna motswedi le lefelo la go berekisa bana ka kgwebo, bogolosegolo ka bareki ba dikoloi le ditsela tse dikgolo. <ref name=":7" /> === Patlisiso ya tsa pereko ya ngwaga wa 2005/2006 === Patlisiso ya badiri ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano le wa dikete pedi le borataro go tswa kwa ''[[Mokgatho wa Dipalopalo/ Statistics Botswana"|ofisingya legare ya Dipalopalo]]'' ke patlisiso ya ntlha e e sekasekang diphetogo tsa babareki mabapi le seemo sa go thapiwa ga bana mo Botswana. Patlisiso e e dirilweng mo baneng ba le dikete di le makgolo a mane lesome le botlhano makgolo a supa, masome a matlhano le motso e ne ya bona gore masome a supa le bobedi mo lekgolong ba ne ba tsena sekolo ka nako e e tletseng, ba le masome mabedi le motso mo lekgolong ba ne ba bereka gape ba tsena sekolo mme ba le babedi le metso e merataro mo lekgolong ba ne ba bereka fela. <ref name=":11" /> Tshekatsheko e e ikaegileng ka bong mo patlisisong e bontsha gore ke 69.2% fela ya bana ba basimane ka nako eo ba ba neng ba tsena sekolo fa go bapisiwa le 75.1% ya basetsana. Bana ba le dikete di le masome a mararo le borobabongwe lekgolo le masome a supa ba boletse ka tlhamalalo lebaka la go bo ba thapilwe ka mabaka a mabedi a a anameng thata a a amanang le thuso ya lelwapa (62.8%), le ditlhokego tsa madi tsa motho ka namana (12.8%). <ref name=":11" /> {| class="wikitable" |+Tiro ya Ngwana le Seemo sa go Tsena Sekolo go ya ka Bong jwa Ngwana ! rowspan="2" | Go thapiwa ga ngwana le seemo sa go tsena sekolo ! colspan="2" | Bong ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | Palogotlhe % (N= 415 751) |- | Tona % (N=207 713) | Tshegadi % (208 038) |- | Go bereka le go tsena sekolo | 24.1 | 18.3 | colspan="2" | 21.2 |- | Go bereka e seng go tsena sekolo | 3.5 | 1.8 | colspan="2" | 2.6 |- | Go sa bereke le go tsena sekolo | 69.2 | 75.1 | colspan="2" | 72.0 |- | Go sa bereke le go sa tsene sekolo | 3.2 | 4.8 | colspan="2" | 4.0 |- | Palo yotlhe | 100.0 | 100.0 | colspan="2" | 100.0 |} Motswedi: Dipalopalo tsa bakwadi tse di theilweng mo Patlisisong ya Badiri ya CSO (2005/06) === Ditlamorago === Ditlamorago tsa tiro ya bana di ka bonwa di golagane mo go ameng boitekanelo jwa bana ba le bantsi ba ba amegang . <ref name=":12">{{Cite journal |last=Anwar |first=Elspeth |last2=Hesketh |first2=Therese |date=2008-06-01 |title=Child labour |journal=BMJ |language=en |volume=336 |issue=Suppl S6 |doi=10.1136/sbmj.0806248 |issn=1756-1833 |s2cid=220110114 |article-number=0806248}}</ref> Ditlamorago di bonwa ka thuto le ditlamorago tsa lehuma. [[Setshwantsho:Child_labour_in_Madagascar.jpg|thumb| Tiro ya bana e bona bana ba dira mo maemong a a kotsi le a a kotsi a tiro.]] ==== Thuto ==== Mo Botswana tiro ya bana "e na le kamano e e sa siamang le thuto", jaaka go supilwe ke ''pego ya Ditlhomamiso tsa Tiro ya Bana le Tseno ya Sekolo mo Botswana'' ka tshekatsheko ya diphitlhelelo tsa patlisiso ya babereki ka dingwaga tsa dikete pedi le botlhano kgotsa dikete pedi le borataro. Go feta fa, diphitlhelelo tsa ''UNICEF tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borataro'' di dira gore 9% ya bana ba Botswana ba nne le seabe mo go berekeng ga bana, se se bontshang gape gore 16% ya bana ba dingwaga tsa sekolo se se potlana ga ba tsene sekolo. Ditlamorago tsa dipalo di tshwana le peeletso ya batsadi le lefelo la bonno di ama gape bokgoni jwa go nna le seabe mo go tseneng sekolo ga bana. <ref name=":5">{{Cite journal |last=Bock |first=J |date=2003 |title=Evolutionary demography and intrahousehold time allocation: School attendance and child labor among the Okavango Delta Peoples of Botswana |journal=American Journal of Human Biology |language=en |volume=14 |issue=2 |pages=206–221 |doi=10.1002/ajhb.10040 |issn=1042-0533 |pmid=11891934 |s2cid=30487369}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBock2003">Bock, J (2003). "Evolutionary demography and intrahousehold time allocation: School attendance and child labor among the Okavango Delta Peoples of Botswana". ''American Journal of Human Biology''. '''14''' (2): <span class="nowrap">206–</span>221. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/ajhb.10040|10.1002/ajhb.10040]]. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1042-0533 1042-0533]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&nbsp;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11891934 11891934]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&nbsp;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:30487369 30487369].</cite></ref> Go tsena sekolo go a amega ka jaana dielo tsa thuto e kgolwane di wela tlase ka ntlha ya madi a thuto. Sekai, se se supiwa ke 35.7% ya go nna teng ga bana ba basimane ba ba ikwadisitseng mo go ba. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=UNICEF Botswana. (2018) |url=https://www.unicef.org/botswana/ |website=Education |language=en}}</ref> ==== Ditlamorago tsa Lehuma ==== Phetisitso ya lehuma kwa dikokomaneng, e bona bana ba le babedi mo go ba le bararo ba tlhaela go tsena sekolo se segolwane. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=UNICEF Botswana. (2018) |url=https://www.unicef.org/botswana/ |website=Education |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.unicef.org/botswana/ "UNICEF Botswana. (2018)"]. ''Education''.</cite></ref> Emmanuel Bothale mo ''bukeng ya gagwe ya Kgetse ya Tekanyetsokabo ya Bana mo Botswana'' o dirisa ''Mmapa wa Lehuma (Moseki, 2009)'' le ''Dipegelo tsa Tlhabololo ya Batho tsa UNDP (2009,2010) go'' tlhalosa tshupane e e kwa godimo ya lehuma le le kokoantsweng la 22.9% mo Botswana. <ref name=":6">{{Cite journal |last=Bothale |first=E |date=2012 |title=The Case for Children's Budgeting in Botswana |journal=International Journal of Children's Rights |volume=20 |issue=3 |pages=440–456 |doi=10.1163/157181811X615933}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBothale2012">Bothale, E (2012). "The Case for Children's Budgeting in Botswana". ''International Journal of Children's Rights''. '''20''' (3): <span class="nowrap">440–</span>456. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1163/157181811X615933|10.1163/157181811X615933]].</cite></ref> Go dirisiwa botlhaswa mo go tsa thobalano le dintlha tsa bophepa ke ditlamorago tsa lehuma la paka e telele, jaaka go bonwe mo diphitlhelelong tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le lesome go tswa kwa ''Botswana Press Agency'' . Motheo o, o ne wa dira 'patlisiso ka thobalano' e e neng ya tlhomamisa gore basetsana ba ithekisa mebele ka ntlha ya go tlhoka madi le "go baya dijo mo tafoleng. <ref name=":6" /> Mo godimo ga moo, lehuma la morafe, le dirile gore go se ka ga nna le bophepa le botsogo jo bo siameng; sekai, dintsho tsa banana ba ba ka fa tlase ga dingwaga di le tlhano, di oketsegile ka 0.5% (go tswa ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe go tsena ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bobedi. <ref name=":3" /> Go anama ga bophepa jo bo sa siamang go dirile gore go nne le go anama ga malwetse a a tshwanang le HIV/AIDS. Dikgato tse di bokoa tsa thibelo di bona seelo sa go anama ga HIV sa 15.7% mo dikhutsaneng tsa dingwaga di le lefelo go tsena lesome le borobabobedi. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Procek |first=Eva |date=2006 |title=Discussion document on child labour in Botswana |publisher=ILO}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFProcek2006">Procek, Eva (2006). "Discussion document on child labour in Botswana". ILO.</cite><span data-ve-ignore=""> </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore=""><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Tempolete:Cite journal|cite journal]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore="">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">&#x7C;journal=</code> ([[Help:CS1 errors#missing periodical|help]])</span> [[Category:CS1 errors: missing periodical]]</ref> == Diphetogo == Go na le motheo wa puso le dintlha gammogo le maiteko a lefatshe a a leng teng go rarabolola kgang e. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018). |url=https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana |access-date=2020-05-13 |website=Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana "United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018)"]. ''Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> === Tebelopele ya Puso === Gareng ga dingwaga tsa dikete pedi le borataro le dikete pedi le borobabobedi lefatshe le ne le ntse le le mo thulaganyong ya go tlhama ''Lenaneo la lefatshe la Tiro la go Fedisa Tiriso ya Bana mo Botswana'', le le neng la amogelwa semmuso mo lefatsheng lotlhe ka Tlhakole ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabobedi . <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Procek |first=Eva |date=2006 |title=Discussion document on child labour in Botswana |publisher=ILO}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFProcek2006">Procek, Eva (2006). "Discussion document on child labour in Botswana". ILO.</cite><span data-ve-ignore=""> </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore=""><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Tempolete:Cite journal|cite journal]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore="">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">&#x7C;journal=</code> ([[Help:CS1 errors#missing periodical|help]])</span> [[Category:CS1 errors: missing periodical]]</ref> Se se kwadilwe ka thuso ya lenaneo la mafatshefatshe( ILO ), Go ya kwa go Fediseng Mefuta e e maswe go gaisa ya Tiro ya Bana . <ref name=":2" /> Komiti ya Bogakolodi ya Lenaneo ka ga Tiro ya Bana (PACC), e e emelang mafapha a puso, badiri ba ba rulagantsweng le dikgwebo, le mekgatlho ya baagi, e kaela tlhabololo le tiragatso ya lenaneo. <ref name=":2" /> Puso ya bosetšhaba e tlhamile dipholisi gore e kgone go gokaganya tsibogo ya bona mo kgannyeng eno. ''Lenaneo la Tiro la Bosetšhaba le le lebileng go Fedisa Tiro ya Bana mo Botswana'' le tlhalosa tsela e puso e tla dirisang go tlhama melao le dipholisi tse di dikologang kgang eno go tlhama temogo. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018). |url=https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana |access-date=2020-05-13 |website=Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana "United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018)"]. ''Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> Leano la go tswelela la Lefapha la Badiri le Merero ya Selegae ke pholisi e nngwe e e bonang baithaopi le badirisanimmogo ba puso ba dira jaaka batlhatlhobi ba badiri go bega diakhaonto tsa tiro ya bana go badirediloago le barutabana ba dikolo go tlhaloganya botoka diphetogo tsa go tsena sekolo le maemo a tiro. <ref name=":0" /> Puso e tlhomile mekgwa ya go gokaganya tsibogo ya bona mo kgannyeng eno. ''Komiti ya Kgwebisano ka Batho'' ''e tlhomilwe ke molaotlhomo wa 2014 wa Kgatlhanong le kgwebisano ka batho'' mme e eteletswe pele ke Lefapha la Tshireletso, Bosiamisi, le Tshireletso (MDJS) go dira jaaka mokgwa wa go bega le go romela. ''Komiti ya Bogakolodi ka ga Tiro ya Bana'' ke mokgwa o mongwe o o akaretsang baithaopi ba mekgatlho e e seng ya puso le badiredipuso go begela puso dikgang. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018). |url=https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana |access-date=2020-05-13 |website=Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana "United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018)"]. ''Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> Lefapha la ''Merero ya Naga la United States mo pegelong ya bona ya 2017 ya Ditshwanelo tsa Botho tsa Botswana le tlhagisa ngangisano'' ya gore mekgwa "e tlhaetse go dira sentle ka ntlha ya go tlhaela ga didirisiwa le go palelwa ke go lebisa kwa magaeng". === Letlhomeso la Semolao === Botswana e amogetse Tumalano ya ILO ya Dingwaga tse di kwa Tlase ka 1995 ( C138 ) le Tumalano ya ILO ya Mefuta e e Maswe go gaisa ya Tiro ya Bana ( C182 ) ka 2000. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Procek |first=Eva |date=2006 |title=Discussion document on child labour in Botswana |publisher=ILO}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFProcek2006">Procek, Eva (2006). "Discussion document on child labour in Botswana". ILO.</cite><span data-ve-ignore=""> </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore=""><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Tempolete:Cite journal|cite journal]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore="">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">&#x7C;journal=</code> ([[Help:CS1 errors#missing periodical|help]])</span> [[Category:CS1 errors: missing periodical]]</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, naga eno gape e ne ya amogela Tumalano ya UN ya Ditshwanelo tsa Ngwana le Tšhata ya Aforika ya Ditshwanelo le Boitekanelo jwa Ngwana ka 1995. <ref name=":2" /> [[Employment Act, Botswana|Molao wa khiro]] wa Botswana ke one molao o mogolo o o laolang dikgang tse di amanang le khiro mo Botswana. E ikaelela go sireletsa bana kgatlhanong le tirisobotlhaswa le tiro e e kotsi, e e tlhalosiwang jaaka tiro nngwe le nngwe e e kotsi mo boitekanelong jwa ngwana, mo kgolong le mo maitsholong. Lefapha la Badiri la United States mo ''Dipegelong tsa 2018 tsa Tiro ya Bana le Tiro e e Patelediwang, tsa Botswana,'' le bolela gore "go na le diphatlha mo letlhomesong la semolao la Botswana go sireletsa bana ka mo go lekaneng mo tirisong ya bana" ka gonne ga go na molao wa dingwaga tse di gapeletsang tsa thuto, o o sa tsamaisaneng le maemo a a beilweng ke ILO. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018). |url=https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana |access-date=2020-05-13 |website=Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana "United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018)"]. ''Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> ==== Tiragatso ==== Puso e na le letlhomeso la go thusa mo tiragatsong ya molao ka melao ya bosenyi le ya badiri. Lefapha la Tiro, Tlhagiso ya Badiri le Tlhabololo ya Bokgoni le diragatsa melao le dipholisi tsa tiro ya bana mme le neilwe taolo gape ke ''Molao wa Tiro'' go dira ditlhatlhobo tsa badiri. Diphitlhelelo go tswa kwa Lefapheng la Badiri la United States di dirile dipatlisiso di le 2335 tsa badiri kwa Botswana ka 2017, tse di neng di fokotsegile go tswa go diakhaonto di le 4999 ka 2016. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018). |url=https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana |access-date=2020-05-13 |website=Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana "United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018)"]. ''Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> ''Lefapha la Tshireletso, Bosiamisi, le Tshireletso'' le tlhofofatsa tiragatso ya molao wa bosenyi mo go atameleng tiro ya bana. Ka 2017 Bokaedi jwa Botšhotšhisi jwa Setšhaba (DPP) bo ne jwa ikarabela ka dikatlholo di le 7 tsa go tshwara bana makgwakgwa mme ga bo a golaganya ka tlhamalalo sebakwa le tiro ya bana. <ref name=":0" /> === Dikgato tse ditserweng ke lefatshe === Puso e tshegetsa maiteko a loago ka matlole go samagana le kgang ya go dirisa bana tiro ke karolo ya letlhomeso le le ikaeletsweng mo kgannyeng eno. Ka tirisanommogo le didirisiwa go tswa kwa mekgatlhong e e seng ya puso, mananeo ano a thusa go tlhama temogo ka ga kgang eno le go tlamela ka didirisiwa tse di leng teng mo baaging. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018). |url=https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana |access-date=2020-05-13 |website=Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana "United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018)"]. ''Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> ''Lenaneo la Tlhokomelo ya Dikhutsana'' le le tshegediwang ka matlole ke puso le thusa ka dituelo tsa sekolo le go tlamela bana ka dijo go rotloetsa go tsaya karolo mo thutong. <ref name=":0" /> Lenaneo le lengwe ke ''lenaneo la Bana ba ba Tlhokang le Baithuti ba ba Tlhokang'' le le tsamaisiwang ke ''Lefapha la Pusoselegae le Tlhabololo ya Magae'' ka maikaelelo a go tlamela ka didirisiwa tse di botlhokwa le dijo go malapa a a humanegileng. == Dikgakololo == Dikgakololo go tswa kwa ditheong tsa puso le ditheo tse dingwe di fetisa ditharabololo tse di ka kgonegang go samagana le kgang eno. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018). |url=https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana |access-date=2020-05-13 |website=Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana "United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018)"]. ''Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> Lefapha la Badiri la United States mo pegelong ya lone ya 2018 ''ya Mefuta e e Maswe go gaisa ya Tiro ya Bana'' le bolela gore paakanyo ya ''Molao wa Tiro'' e tla "fokotsa phatlha fa gare ga mekgatlho le ditheo tsa tiragatso ya molao go tlhokomela go fedisa kgang eno mmogo le tlhokego <ref name=":0" /> ''tse'' di kwa tlase tsa go tsena sekolo. ''Botswana'' e tlhalosa ditogamaano tse di ka nnang teng tsa go fokotsa mabaka a a bakang lehuma, ka dithuso tsa Pholisi ya Bosetšhaba ya Bašwa le ditshekatsheko mo mananeong a go ruta bana go buisa le go kwala "go thibela bana go wela mo tirong e e kotsi <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Procek |first=Eva |date=2006 |title=Discussion document on child labour in Botswana |publisher=ILO}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFProcek2006">Procek, Eva (2006). "Discussion document on child labour in Botswana". ILO.</cite><span data-ve-ignore=""> </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore=""><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Tempolete:Cite journal|cite journal]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore="">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">&#x7C;journal=</code> ([[Help:CS1 errors#missing periodical|help]])</span> [[Category:CS1 errors: missing periodical]]</ref> Emmanuel Bothale mo bukeng ya gagwe ya ''The Case for Children's Budgeting in Botswana'' o bolela gore dikabo tsa tekanyetsokabo tse di tokafaditsweng tsa loago le ditshekatsheko tsa loago mo mo ditshupong tse di sa siamang tsa ikonomi e kgolo". <ref name=":6">{{Cite journal |last=Bothale |first=E |date=2012 |title=The Case for Children's Budgeting in Botswana |journal=International Journal of Children's Rights |volume=20 |issue=3 |pages=440–456 |doi=10.1163/157181811X615933}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBothale2012">Bothale, E (2012). "The Case for Children's Budgeting in Botswana". ''International Journal of Children's Rights''. '''20''' (3): <span class="nowrap">440–</span>456. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1163/157181811X615933|10.1163/157181811X615933]].</cite></ref> Ho feta moo, ho hlokahala dithuto tse ngata ho kgontsha ho kenella ka botlalo ho utlwisisa boholo ba nnete le boholo ba taba. <ref name=":12">{{Cite journal |last=Anwar |first=Elspeth |last2=Hesketh |first2=Therese |date=2008-06-01 |title=Child labour |journal=BMJ |language=en |volume=336 |issue=Suppl S6 |doi=10.1136/sbmj.0806248 |issn=1756-1833 |s2cid=220110114 |article-number=0806248}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFAnwarHesketh2008">Anwar, Elspeth; Hesketh, Therese (2008-06-01). "Child labour". ''BMJ''. '''336''' (Suppl S6) 0806248. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1136/sbmj.0806248|10.1136/sbmj.0806248]]. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1756-1833 1756-1833]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&nbsp;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:220110114 220110114].</cite></ref> == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} [[Karolo:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 32k1jmzpu2mgbj0boqd10qnm1959hgi 53545 53544 2026-07-29T09:09:12Z JudithShe 9421 ke ranotse tsebe ya goberekisiwa ga bana mo Botswana #Wikipedi25BW 53545 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Go berekisa bana mo Botswana''' go tlhalosiwa e le go berekisa bana botlhaswa ka tiro nngwe le nngwe e e kotsi mo kgolong ya bone ya mmele, tlhaloganyo, loago le maitsholo. Tiro ya bana mo [[Botswana]] e supiwa ke mofuta wa tiro e e pateleditsweng ngwana go ya ka dingwaga tsa gagwe, ka ntlha ya mabaka a a tshwanang le lehuma le phatlhalatso ya dijo mo ntlong. Tiro ya bana mo Botswana ga e kwa godimo go ya ka dipatlisiso. Lephata la Babereki la United States le bolela gore ka ntlha ya diphatlha mo ditshetlaneng tsa lefatshe , itsholelo e e tlhokegang, le go tlhoka mananeo, "bana mo Botswana ba bereka ditiro tse ba sa tshwanelang go ka bo ba di bereka ". <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018). |url=https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana |access-date=2020-05-13 |website=Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports}}</ref> Lekgotla la mafatshefatshe la pereko ke setlhopha sa lekgotla la United Nations se se tshwaraganetseng go tlhama melao ya babereki le go rotloetsa dintlha tsa tshiamiso ya ditshetlana tsa pereko . Lekgotla la mafatshefatshe la pereko (ILO) mo tumalanong ya lekgolo masome a mararo leborobabobedi le bolela fa dingwaga tse di kwa tlase tse di tlhokegang gore motho o ka simolola go bereka, e le tsela ya go thibela go berekisa bana ka go tlhoma seelo sa dingwaga tse di kwa tlase tsa pereko le melao ya mafatshe fa seelo se se ka tlolwa. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=ILO. (N/A). |url=https://www.ilo.org/ipec/facts/ILOconventionsonchildlabour/lang--en/index.htm |access-date=2020-05-27 |website=Conventions and Recommendations on child labour (IPEC) |language=en}}</ref> Lefatshe la Botswana le ne la amogela Tumalano ya Dingwaga tse di kwa Tlase ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le botlhano, ya tlhoma molao wa lefatshe o o letlang bana ba bonnye jwa dingwaga di le lesome le bone go bereka mo maemong a a tlhophilweng. Lefatshe la Botswana le ne la amogela gape Tumalano ya ILO ya Mefuta e e Maswe go gaisa ya Tiro ya Bana, tumalano ya lekgolo masome a robabobedi le bobedi, ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi . <ref name=":1" /> Lenaneo la mafatshefatshe la go emisiwa ga pereko ya bana (IPEC) le thusitse lefatshe ka madi mabapi le lenaneo la ''go Fedisa Mefuta e e Maswe go gaisa ya Tiro ya Bana'' ( TECL ) mo Botswana ''.'' Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bone go ne ga tlhomiwa ''Komiti ya Bogakolodi ya Lenaneo la Tiro ya Bana'' ( PACC ) go okamela ''Lebaka la go Fedisa Mefuta e e Maswe go gaisa ya Tiro ya Bana'' ( TECL ) mo Botswana . <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Procek |first=Eva |date=2006 |title=Discussion document on child labour in Botswana |publisher=ILO}}</ref> Dithutopatlisiso dingwe di na le maemo a a ganetsang ka tiro ya bana mo Botswana. Jaaka go tlhalositswe ke [[Eva Procek]] mo patlisisong ya gagwe ya Puisano ''ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro'' ''ka ga Tiro ya Bana kwa Botswana'' "maano a a tlhamaletseng a a beetsweng nako a go rarabolola go bereka ga bana le mefuta e e maswe go gaisa ya tiro ya bana ga a ise a tlhamiwe". <ref name=":2" /> == Diphitlhelelo tsa go berekisa bana mo Botswana == [[Setshwantsho:Child-labour.jpg|thumb| Tiro ya bana ke mofuta mongwe fela wa tiro e e kotsi mo boitekanelong jwa ngwana. E ka ama bokgoni jwa go tsaya karolo mo ditirong tse dingwe jaaka go tsena sekolo.]] Lekgotla la United States of Labour le dirile dipatlisiso ka kgang ya go berekisa bana mo Botswana mme le begile diphitlhelelo. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018). |url=https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana |access-date=2020-05-13 |website=Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana "United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018)"]. ''Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> Lephata la Badiri la United States mo ''Dipegong tsa lone tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabobedi tsa Tiro ya Bana le Tiro e e Patelediwang, tsa Botswana'', le tlhalositse gore "Lefatshe la Botswana le dirile kgatelopele e se kae mo go fediseng tiro ya bana ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabobedi". <ref name=":0" /> Lephata la babereki la United States le tswelela ka go bolela gore "Lefatshe la Botswana le dira ditiro tse di maswe thata tsa go berekisa bana, go akaretsa le go ba dirisa botlhaswa ka thobalano, go ba pateletsa go dira tiro ya go disa dikgomo, le go dira tiro ya mo gae e e patelediwang, nngwe le nngwe ya tsone ka ntlha ya go gweba ka batho". <ref name=":0" /> Diphatlha mo tsamaisong ya molao mmogo le maiteko a lefatshe a a sa kaelwang sentle, jaaka go boletswe ke lephata la babereki la United States di dirile gore go nne le dipego tsa segompieno tsa go berekisa bana kwa Botswana. <ref name=":0" /> == Mabaka == Lekgotla la mafatshefatshe la pereko le bega gore bana ba "berekela go itshetsa" le ka mabaka a mangwe a a gatelelang bokgoni jwa bone jwa go nna ka kgololesego. <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 July 2011 |title=ILO. (2013). |url=http://www.ilo.org/moscow/areas-of-work/child-labour/WCMS_248984/lang--en/index.htm |access-date=2020-05-15 |website=Causes |language=en}}</ref> Dintlha tse di ka fa tlase jaaka kwa lefatshe le le teng, dipalopalo tsa batho le lehuma ke dingwe tsa dilo tse di bakang go berekisiwa ga bana mo Botswana. === Popego === Lefatshe la Botswana ke lefatshe le le dikologilweng ke mafatshe a mangwe ka jalo le sena lotshitshi lwa lewatle le le mo karolong ya borwa-bophirima jwa [[Aferika|Aforika]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Toney and Boo Peel. (2019). |url=https://www.victoriafalls-guide.net/geography-of-botswana.html |access-date=2020-05-27 |website=Geography of Botswana - Where is Botswana?}}</ref> Sonia Bhalotra mo patlisisong ya gagwe ''ya OECD ya dipampiri tsa tiro tsa lefatshe, tiro le khudugo'' o bolela gore ka ntlha ya " go ema ga go gola ga itsholelo, [[HIV/AIDS]], dikgotlhang, tlala le go tlhoka bophepa, go okeditse kgang ya go berekisa bana mo Aforika kwa Borwa jwa Aforika ". <ref name=":14">Bhalotra.S (2003). ''OECD SOCIAL, EMPLOYMENT AND MIGRATION WORKING PAPERS. {{doi|10.1787/1815199X}}''</ref> Pego ya ILO ''ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borataro'' ''ya'' ''dikakanyetso'' ''tsa'' ''Lefatshe tsa Tiro ya Bana'' e bolela gore "Ngwana a le mongwe mo go ba le batlhano ba Aforika o a bereka". Pego e bolela gore mo kgaolong, bana ba le didikadike di le masome a supa le bobedi, le motso o le mongwe, ba bereka e le badiri mme ba le didikadike di le masome a mararo le motso, ba bereka mo maemong a a kotsi, mme se fav se tshwantshanngwa le mafatshe a mangwe se kwa godimo gabedi. Diphitlhelelo go tswa mo pegong ya ILO ''ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borataro'' ''ya Diphopholetso tsa Lefatshe tsa Tiro ya Bana'' di bontsha gore lephata la temothuo go ralala kgaolo le dira 85% ya babereki ba bana, ba bontsi ba bone ba berekang mo dikgwebong tsa malwapa le mo masimong bogolosegolo ba le mo kgwebong ya temothuo kgotsa go disa leruo. <ref name=":8" /> Go feta fa, mekgwa ya setso mo merafeng ya Aforika e itemogela go tlogela sekolo ga bana go tsena mo tirong. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Streit.K. (N/A). |url=https://study.com/academy/lesson/child-labor-in-africa-facts-statistics.html |access-date=2020-05-17 |website=Child Labor in Africa: Facts & Statistics |language=en}}</ref> Se se bonwa mo Aforika go rotloetsa tlhabololo ya botshelo le bokgoni jwa mmele kgatlhanong le mekgwa ya bophirima . <ref name=":4">{{Cite journal |last=Loretta E |first=Bass |date=2004 |title=Child labour in sub-Saharan Africa |page=32}}</ref> Sekai sa se se ka bonwa ka batho ba kwa magaeng ba Pare kwa [[Tanzania]], Aforika e e kwa Borwa jwa Sahara, ba ba akaretsang bana ba dingwaga di le tlhano go tlhokomela dijalo. <ref name=":4" /> ==== Phetisetso kwa Botswana ==== Phetiso ya dikgang tsa go berekisa bana go tswa mo bokaong jwa Aforika ka kakaretso e bonwa gape le mo Botswana. Lephata la babereki la United States le bolela mo Pegelong ya lone ''ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi le lesome'' ''ya Mefuta e e Maswe go gaisa ya Tiro ya Bana'' gore tebelopele e e bokoa ya itsholeo ya malwapa le dikabo tsa didirisiwa di tlhotlheletsa go tsenngwa ga bana mo tirong mo mabakeng a le mantsi jaaka fa "batsadi ba ba tswang kwa metseselegaeng ba romela bana ba bone kwa toropong go ya go nna le malwapa a a humileng a badiri ba mo gae le go ba berekela e le malata . Pego e tswelela ka go tlhomamisa gore bana ba le bantsi ba tshwaragane thata le mefuta e e kotsi ya temothuo, mo bana ba "disang metlhape ya leruo mo mafelong a a kgakala malatsi a mantsi ba sena dijo le bonno jo bo siameng". <ref name=":10" /> Botswana ke motswedi o mogolo wa go dirisa bana botlhaswa mo go tsa kgwebo ya tlhakanelodikobo . Bana ba ba humanegileng ba patelediwa go nna babereki mme ba rekisediwa bareki kwa ditseleng tse ditona le bakgweetsi ba diteraka. <ref name=":10" /> ==== Baagi ==== [[Setshwantsho:Children_on_the_Okavango_in_Botswana.jpg|thumb| Bana ba morafe o o nnang kwa makgobokgobong a Okavango]] Botswana ke legae la merafe e le mentsi jaaka ya Basarwa le batho ba ba nnang mabapi le [[makgobokgobo a Okavango]] . <ref name=":9">{{Cite web |title=Baan.M. (2020). |url=https://www.humanium.org/en/botswana/ |access-date=2020-05-27 |website=Children of Botswana |language=en-GB}}</ref> ''Matyas Baan'' mo tsebeng ya gagwe ''ya Go Lemoga Ditshwanelo tsa Bana mo Botswana'' o bolela gore baagi ba ba "tlhokile lesego e bile ba mo kotsing ka ntlha ya go fudusiwa kgakala kgotsa go tsewa jaaka ba ba kgaphetsweng kwa thoko". <ref name=":9" /> Setšhaba sa Basarwa ke setlhopha sa morafe o monnye, se se leng kgakala, se le kgakala le ditirelo tsa lefatshe le legolo, se se dirileng gore go nne le bothata mo go sireletseng bana. <ref name=":9" /> Bana ba merafe e ga ba kgone go itemogela ditirelo di tshwana le thuto mme ba na le nako ya go tsaya dikarolo bogolosegolo mo dikgwebong tsa malwapa le mo dipolaseng kgotsa go dirisiwa botlhaswa mo go tsa thobalano le go gweba ka batho. <ref name=":9" /> === Go Fetoga ga Dipalopalo === Diphetogo mo dipalopalong tsa batho di bontsha go fetoga ga maitsholo a beng gae le ditiro tsa batho go kgotsofatsa maemo a a rileng. Diphetogo mo dipalopalong tsa batho ka kabo ya didirisiwa mo malapeng, peeletso ya batsadi le ditlhokego tsa malapa mo Botswana di dirile gore bana ba direle ditlhokego tsa motho ka bongwe le tsa malwapa, ba kgaphelwe kwa thoko mo sekolong le go simolola "kgwebopotlana". <ref name=":13">{{Cite journal |last=Katz |first=C |date=1996 |title=Anthropology of Work Review |page=3}}</ref> Kgopolo ya Caldwell ya khumo (ya ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabobedi le bobedi), e bontsha ka fa mafatshe a a nang le khumo jaaka ka balemi barui, ba ka itemogela go ya kwa godimo ga tsholo gore bana ba ba tlhokomele mo botsofeng jwa bone le go bona maemo a sepolotiki.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal |last=Bock |first=J |date=2003 |title=Evolutionary demography and intrahousehold time allocation: School attendance and child labor among the Okavango Delta Peoples of Botswana |journal=American Journal of Human Biology |language=en |volume=14 |issue=2 |pages=206–221 |doi=10.1002/ajhb.10040 |issn=1042-0533 |pmid=11891934 |s2cid=30487369}}</ref> Kabo e e lekanyeditsweng ya ditsompelo tsa mo gae le khumo go ya kwa baneng e dira gore bana ba patelesege go bereka. <ref name=":13" /> Ditlamorago tsa kabo ya ditsompelo mo teng ga malwapa di ka batlisisiwa mo Bathong ba makgobokgobo a Okavango ba Botswana. Patlisiso nngwe ya ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le bobedi e e dirilweng mo merafeng e le metlhano ya baagi e bontsha gore mo baneng ba le lekgolo masome a mabedi le bobedi ba le masome mabedi ba ne ba tsena sekolo, mme ba le lesome le botlhano ba bone ba ne ba tshwanelwa ke go tsaya loeto lwa dikhilomithara di le masome a mararo kgotsa go feta, mo go bakang go rekisetsa batho ba mo gae ditiro tsa mo gae tsa go disa, go gama le go ntsha dithoro. <ref name=":5" /> Thutopatlisiso e e dirilweng ke John Bock mo bukeng ya gagwe ''ya Evolutionary demographic le kabo ya nako mo teng ga malapa,'' e feletse ka diphitlhelelo tsa kamano ya kabo ya nako le didirisiwa mabapi le thuto ya Bana le go tsaya karolo mo tirong. Thutopatlisiso e bontsha ka fa go fetoga ga peeletso ya batsadi, maemo a lenyalo, go nna teng ga ditiro tse dingwe tse si nang le maduo, tatelano ya botsalo le bong jwa bana "di nang le ditlamorago tsa go tlhaloganya tiro ya bana le dikabo tsa nako le katlego e e latelang". <ref name=":5" /> === Lehuma === Lehuma ke maemo a mo go ona setšhaba kgotsa batho ka bongwe ba tlhokang phitlhelelo ya ditlhokego tsa motheo le metswedi ya matlole go tsweletsa maemo a a kwa tlase a botshelo. <ref>{{Cite web |title=World Vision Australia. (2019). |url=https://www.worldvision.com.au/global-issues/work-we-do/poverty |access-date=2020-05-27 |website=Poverty |language=en}}</ref> Botswana e na le 36.7% ya malwapa a a tshelang ka fa tlase ga mola wa lehuma, se se dirileng gore banana ba nne mo kotsing. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Procek |first=Eva |date=2006 |title=Discussion document on child labour in Botswana |publisher=ILO}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFProcek2006">Procek, Eva (2006). "Discussion document on child labour in Botswana". ILO.</cite><span data-ve-ignore=""> </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore=""><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Tempolete:Cite journal|cite journal]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore="">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">&#x7C;journal=</code> ([[Help:CS1 errors#missing periodical|help]])</span> [[Category:CS1 errors: missing periodical]]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bobedi, tona wa Merero ya pereko le selegae, Peter Siele, o ne a etela le go bua le modiri wa dingwaga tse di lesome le bobedi yo o sa tseneng sekolo ka ga go sa tsene sekolo ga gagwe. Karabo e e kwadilweng e ne e le "lehuma ke lone le le ntireleng gore ke tlogele sekolo, ke bolawa ke tlala" (lehuma le mpateleditse go tswa mo sekolong, ke boga ke tlala). <ref name=":6">{{Cite journal |last=Bothale |first=E |date=2012 |title=The Case for Children's Budgeting in Botswana |journal=International Journal of Children's Rights |volume=20 |issue=3 |pages=440–456 |doi=10.1163/157181811X615933}}</ref> Ditshupo tse di sa siamang tsa itsholelo e kgolo di tlhotlheleditse go tlhoka bokgoni ga dikabo tsa tekanyetso kabo go ya kwa maitekong a a ikaegileng ka bana. <ref name=":6" /> Eva Procek mo tsebeng ya gagwe ya Puisano ''ya dingwaga pedi le borataro'' ''ka ga go'' ''berekisa'' ''bana mo Botswana'' o batlisisa gore bana ba kwa magaeng le kwa mafelong a a kgakala ba mo kotsing. <ref name=":2" /> Procek o bolela gore bana ba ditlhopha tsa kwa magaeng jaaka ba ba tswang mo setšhabeng sa San ba itemogela maemo a a kwa godimo a lehuma ka ntlha ya dikelo tse di kwa godimo tsa go sa itse go bala le go kwala, ka go nna le tshekamelo ya go tsenela tiro go sa le gale go tshegetsa malapa a bona ka ba "tshwarwa ke ditsholofelo tsa setso tse di thulanang". <ref name=":2" /> Dikgang tsa dikoloto le mathata a madi le tsone di felela ka gore bana ba tseye dikarolo mo tirong. == Bogolo le go phatlhalala == Lephata la Merero ya lefatshe la United States mo ''pegong ya bone ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bosupa ya [[ditshwanelo tsa setho mo Botswana]]'' le bolela gore selekanyo se se anameng sa kgang e, se bona "bana mo lefatsheng ba dira ditiro tse di maswe go gaisa" tse di akaretsang: tirisobotlhaswa ya thobalano ya kgwebo, temothuo le go patelediwa go dira tiro ya mo gae. Lephata la pereko le boitekanelo le na le bana ba le dikete di le masome mabedi le botlhano ba ba ka fa tlase ga dingwaga di le lesome le botlhano ba ba berekang mo dipolaseng. Ba bangwe ba le sekete makgolo a matlhano ba ikarabelwa ka tiro ya mo gae mo malapeng a a humileng. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018). |url=https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana |access-date=2020-05-13 |website=Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana "United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018)"]. ''Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> Lefatshe la Botswana le tswelela ka go tshwaraganela go nna motswedi le lefelo la go berekisa bana ka kgwebo, bogolosegolo ka bareki ba dikoloi le ditsela tse dikgolo. <ref name=":7" /> === Patlisiso ya tsa pereko ya ngwaga wa 2005/2006 === Patlisiso ya badiri ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano le wa dikete pedi le borataro go tswa kwa ''[[Mokgatho wa Dipalopalo/ Statistics Botswana"|ofisingya legare ya Dipalopalo]]'' ke patlisiso ya ntlha e e sekasekang diphetogo tsa babareki mabapi le seemo sa go thapiwa ga bana mo Botswana. Patlisiso e e dirilweng mo baneng ba le dikete di le makgolo a mane lesome le botlhano makgolo a supa, masome a matlhano le motso e ne ya bona gore masome a supa le bobedi mo lekgolong ba ne ba tsena sekolo ka nako e e tletseng, ba le masome mabedi le motso mo lekgolong ba ne ba bereka gape ba tsena sekolo mme ba le babedi le metso e merataro mo lekgolong ba ne ba bereka fela. <ref name=":11" /> Tshekatsheko e e ikaegileng ka bong mo patlisisong e bontsha gore ke 69.2% fela ya bana ba basimane ka nako eo ba ba neng ba tsena sekolo fa go bapisiwa le 75.1% ya basetsana. Bana ba le dikete di le masome a mararo le borobabongwe lekgolo le masome a supa ba boletse ka tlhamalalo lebaka la go bo ba thapilwe ka mabaka a mabedi a a anameng thata a a amanang le thuso ya lelwapa (62.8%), le ditlhokego tsa madi tsa motho ka namana (12.8%). <ref name=":11" /> {| class="wikitable" |+Tiro ya Ngwana le Seemo sa go Tsena Sekolo go ya ka Bong jwa Ngwana ! rowspan="2" | Go thapiwa ga ngwana le seemo sa go tsena sekolo ! colspan="2" | Bong ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | Palogotlhe % (N= 415 751) |- | Tona % (N=207 713) | Tshegadi % (208 038) |- | Go bereka le go tsena sekolo | 24.1 | 18.3 | colspan="2" | 21.2 |- | Go bereka e seng go tsena sekolo | 3.5 | 1.8 | colspan="2" | 2.6 |- | Go sa bereke le go tsena sekolo | 69.2 | 75.1 | colspan="2" | 72.0 |- | Go sa bereke le go sa tsene sekolo | 3.2 | 4.8 | colspan="2" | 4.0 |- | Palo yotlhe | 100.0 | 100.0 | colspan="2" | 100.0 |} Motswedi: Dipalopalo tsa bakwadi tse di theilweng mo Patlisisong ya Badiri ya CSO (2005/06) === Ditlamorago === Ditlamorago tsa tiro ya bana di ka bonwa di golagane mo go ameng boitekanelo jwa bana ba le bantsi ba ba amegang . <ref name=":12">{{Cite journal |last=Anwar |first=Elspeth |last2=Hesketh |first2=Therese |date=2008-06-01 |title=Child labour |journal=BMJ |language=en |volume=336 |issue=Suppl S6 |doi=10.1136/sbmj.0806248 |issn=1756-1833 |s2cid=220110114 |article-number=0806248}}</ref> Ditlamorago di bonwa ka thuto le ditlamorago tsa lehuma. [[Setshwantsho:Child_labour_in_Madagascar.jpg|thumb| Tiro ya bana e bona bana ba dira mo maemong a a kotsi le a a kotsi a tiro.]] ==== Thuto ==== Mo Botswana tiro ya bana "e na le kamano e e sa siamang le thuto", jaaka go supilwe ke ''pego ya Ditlhomamiso tsa Tiro ya Bana le Tseno ya Sekolo mo Botswana'' ka tshekatsheko ya diphitlhelelo tsa patlisiso ya babereki ka dingwaga tsa dikete pedi le botlhano kgotsa dikete pedi le borataro. Go feta fa, diphitlhelelo tsa ''UNICEF tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borataro'' di dira gore 9% ya bana ba Botswana ba nne le seabe mo go berekeng ga bana, se se bontshang gape gore 16% ya bana ba dingwaga tsa sekolo se se potlana ga ba tsene sekolo. Ditlamorago tsa dipalo di tshwana le peeletso ya batsadi le lefelo la bonno di ama gape bokgoni jwa go nna le seabe mo go tseneng sekolo ga bana. <ref name=":5">{{Cite journal |last=Bock |first=J |date=2003 |title=Evolutionary demography and intrahousehold time allocation: School attendance and child labor among the Okavango Delta Peoples of Botswana |journal=American Journal of Human Biology |language=en |volume=14 |issue=2 |pages=206–221 |doi=10.1002/ajhb.10040 |issn=1042-0533 |pmid=11891934 |s2cid=30487369}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBock2003">Bock, J (2003). "Evolutionary demography and intrahousehold time allocation: School attendance and child labor among the Okavango Delta Peoples of Botswana". ''American Journal of Human Biology''. '''14''' (2): <span class="nowrap">206–</span>221. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/ajhb.10040|10.1002/ajhb.10040]]. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1042-0533 1042-0533]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&nbsp;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11891934 11891934]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&nbsp;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:30487369 30487369].</cite></ref> Go tsena sekolo go a amega ka jaana dielo tsa thuto e kgolwane di wela tlase ka ntlha ya madi a thuto. Sekai, se se supiwa ke 35.7% ya go nna teng ga bana ba basimane ba ba ikwadisitseng mo go ba. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=UNICEF Botswana. (2018) |url=https://www.unicef.org/botswana/ |website=Education |language=en}}</ref> ==== Ditlamorago tsa Lehuma ==== Phetisitso ya lehuma kwa dikokomaneng, e bona bana ba le babedi mo go ba le bararo ba tlhaela go tsena sekolo se segolwane. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=UNICEF Botswana. (2018) |url=https://www.unicef.org/botswana/ |website=Education |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.unicef.org/botswana/ "UNICEF Botswana. (2018)"]. ''Education''.</cite></ref> Emmanuel Bothale mo ''bukeng ya gagwe ya Kgetse ya Tekanyetsokabo ya Bana mo Botswana'' o dirisa ''Mmapa wa Lehuma (Moseki, 2009)'' le ''Dipegelo tsa Tlhabololo ya Batho tsa UNDP (2009,2010) go'' tlhalosa tshupane e e kwa godimo ya lehuma le le kokoantsweng la 22.9% mo Botswana. <ref name=":6">{{Cite journal |last=Bothale |first=E |date=2012 |title=The Case for Children's Budgeting in Botswana |journal=International Journal of Children's Rights |volume=20 |issue=3 |pages=440–456 |doi=10.1163/157181811X615933}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBothale2012">Bothale, E (2012). "The Case for Children's Budgeting in Botswana". ''International Journal of Children's Rights''. '''20''' (3): <span class="nowrap">440–</span>456. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1163/157181811X615933|10.1163/157181811X615933]].</cite></ref> Go dirisiwa botlhaswa mo go tsa thobalano le dintlha tsa bophepa ke ditlamorago tsa lehuma la paka e telele, jaaka go bonwe mo diphitlhelelong tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le lesome go tswa kwa ''Botswana Press Agency'' . Motheo o, o ne wa dira 'patlisiso ka thobalano' e e neng ya tlhomamisa gore basetsana ba ithekisa mebele ka ntlha ya go tlhoka madi le "go baya dijo mo tafoleng. <ref name=":6" /> Mo godimo ga moo, lehuma la morafe, le dirile gore go se ka ga nna le bophepa le botsogo jo bo siameng; sekai, dintsho tsa banana ba ba ka fa tlase ga dingwaga di le tlhano, di oketsegile ka 0.5% (go tswa ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe go tsena ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bobedi. <ref name=":3" /> Go anama ga bophepa jo bo sa siamang go dirile gore go nne le go anama ga malwetse a a tshwanang le HIV/AIDS. Dikgato tse di bokoa tsa thibelo di bona seelo sa go anama ga HIV sa 15.7% mo dikhutsaneng tsa dingwaga di le lefelo go tsena lesome le borobabobedi. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Procek |first=Eva |date=2006 |title=Discussion document on child labour in Botswana |publisher=ILO}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFProcek2006">Procek, Eva (2006). "Discussion document on child labour in Botswana". ILO.</cite><span data-ve-ignore=""> </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore=""><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Tempolete:Cite journal|cite journal]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore="">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">&#x7C;journal=</code> ([[Help:CS1 errors#missing periodical|help]])</span> [[Category:CS1 errors: missing periodical]]</ref> == Diphetogo == Go na le motheo wa puso le dintlha gammogo le maiteko a lefatshe a a leng teng go rarabolola kgang e. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018). |url=https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana |access-date=2020-05-13 |website=Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana "United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018)"]. ''Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> === Tebelopele ya Puso === Gareng ga dingwaga tsa dikete pedi le borataro le dikete pedi le borobabobedi lefatshe le ne le ntse le le mo thulaganyong ya go tlhama ''Lenaneo la lefatshe la Tiro la go Fedisa Tiriso ya Bana mo Botswana'', le le neng la amogelwa semmuso mo lefatsheng lotlhe ka Tlhakole ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabobedi . <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Procek |first=Eva |date=2006 |title=Discussion document on child labour in Botswana |publisher=ILO}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFProcek2006">Procek, Eva (2006). "Discussion document on child labour in Botswana". ILO.</cite><span data-ve-ignore=""> </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore=""><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Tempolete:Cite journal|cite journal]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore="">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">&#x7C;journal=</code> ([[Help:CS1 errors#missing periodical|help]])</span> [[Category:CS1 errors: missing periodical]]</ref> Se se kwadilwe ka thuso ya lenaneo la mafatshefatshe( ILO ), Go ya kwa go Fediseng Mefuta e e maswe go gaisa ya Tiro ya Bana . <ref name=":2" /> Komiti ya Bogakolodi ya Lenaneo ka ga Tiro ya Bana (PACC), e e emelang mafapha a puso, badiri ba ba rulagantsweng le dikgwebo, le mekgatlho ya baagi, e kaela tlhabololo le tiragatso ya lenaneo. <ref name=":2" /> Puso ya bosetšhaba e tlhamile dipholisi gore e kgone go gokaganya tsibogo ya bona mo kgannyeng eno. ''Lenaneo la Tiro la Bosetšhaba le le lebileng go Fedisa Tiro ya Bana mo Botswana'' le tlhalosa tsela e puso e tla dirisang go tlhama melao le dipholisi tse di dikologang kgang eno go tlhama temogo. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018). |url=https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana |access-date=2020-05-13 |website=Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana "United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018)"]. ''Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> Leano la go tswelela la Lefapha la Badiri le Merero ya Selegae ke pholisi e nngwe e e bonang baithaopi le badirisanimmogo ba puso ba dira jaaka batlhatlhobi ba badiri go bega diakhaonto tsa tiro ya bana go badirediloago le barutabana ba dikolo go tlhaloganya botoka diphetogo tsa go tsena sekolo le maemo a tiro. <ref name=":0" /> Puso e tlhomile mekgwa ya go gokaganya tsibogo ya bona mo kgannyeng eno. ''Komiti ya Kgwebisano ka Batho'' ''e tlhomilwe ke molaotlhomo wa 2014 wa Kgatlhanong le kgwebisano ka batho'' mme e eteletswe pele ke Lefapha la Tshireletso, Bosiamisi, le Tshireletso (MDJS) go dira jaaka mokgwa wa go bega le go romela. ''Komiti ya Bogakolodi ka ga Tiro ya Bana'' ke mokgwa o mongwe o o akaretsang baithaopi ba mekgatlho e e seng ya puso le badiredipuso go begela puso dikgang. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018). |url=https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana |access-date=2020-05-13 |website=Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana "United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018)"]. ''Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> Lefapha la ''Merero ya Naga la United States mo pegelong ya bona ya 2017 ya Ditshwanelo tsa Botho tsa Botswana le tlhagisa ngangisano'' ya gore mekgwa "e tlhaetse go dira sentle ka ntlha ya go tlhaela ga didirisiwa le go palelwa ke go lebisa kwa magaeng". === Letlhomeso la Semolao === Botswana e amogetse Tumalano ya ILO ya Dingwaga tse di kwa Tlase ka 1995 ( C138 ) le Tumalano ya ILO ya Mefuta e e Maswe go gaisa ya Tiro ya Bana ( C182 ) ka 2000. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Procek |first=Eva |date=2006 |title=Discussion document on child labour in Botswana |publisher=ILO}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFProcek2006">Procek, Eva (2006). "Discussion document on child labour in Botswana". ILO.</cite><span data-ve-ignore=""> </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore=""><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Tempolete:Cite journal|cite journal]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore="">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">&#x7C;journal=</code> ([[Help:CS1 errors#missing periodical|help]])</span> [[Category:CS1 errors: missing periodical]]</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, naga eno gape e ne ya amogela Tumalano ya UN ya Ditshwanelo tsa Ngwana le Tšhata ya Aforika ya Ditshwanelo le Boitekanelo jwa Ngwana ka 1995. <ref name=":2" /> [[Employment Act, Botswana|Molao wa khiro]] wa Botswana ke one molao o mogolo o o laolang dikgang tse di amanang le khiro mo Botswana. E ikaelela go sireletsa bana kgatlhanong le tirisobotlhaswa le tiro e e kotsi, e e tlhalosiwang jaaka tiro nngwe le nngwe e e kotsi mo boitekanelong jwa ngwana, mo kgolong le mo maitsholong. Lefapha la Badiri la United States mo ''Dipegelong tsa 2018 tsa Tiro ya Bana le Tiro e e Patelediwang, tsa Botswana,'' le bolela gore "go na le diphatlha mo letlhomesong la semolao la Botswana go sireletsa bana ka mo go lekaneng mo tirisong ya bana" ka gonne ga go na molao wa dingwaga tse di gapeletsang tsa thuto, o o sa tsamaisaneng le maemo a a beilweng ke ILO. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018). |url=https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana |access-date=2020-05-13 |website=Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana "United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018)"]. ''Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> ==== Tiragatso ==== Puso e na le letlhomeso la go thusa mo tiragatsong ya molao ka melao ya bosenyi le ya badiri. Lefapha la Tiro, Tlhagiso ya Badiri le Tlhabololo ya Bokgoni le diragatsa melao le dipholisi tsa tiro ya bana mme le neilwe taolo gape ke ''Molao wa Tiro'' go dira ditlhatlhobo tsa badiri. Diphitlhelelo go tswa kwa Lefapheng la Badiri la United States di dirile dipatlisiso di le 2335 tsa badiri kwa Botswana ka 2017, tse di neng di fokotsegile go tswa go diakhaonto di le 4999 ka 2016. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018). |url=https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana |access-date=2020-05-13 |website=Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana "United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018)"]. ''Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> ''Lefapha la Tshireletso, Bosiamisi, le Tshireletso'' le tlhofofatsa tiragatso ya molao wa bosenyi mo go atameleng tiro ya bana. Ka 2017 Bokaedi jwa Botšhotšhisi jwa Setšhaba (DPP) bo ne jwa ikarabela ka dikatlholo di le 7 tsa go tshwara bana makgwakgwa mme ga bo a golaganya ka tlhamalalo sebakwa le tiro ya bana. <ref name=":0" /> === Dikgato tse ditserweng ke lefatshe === Puso e tshegetsa maiteko a loago ka matlole go samagana le kgang ya go dirisa bana tiro ke karolo ya letlhomeso le le ikaeletsweng mo kgannyeng eno. Ka tirisanommogo le didirisiwa go tswa kwa mekgatlhong e e seng ya puso, mananeo ano a thusa go tlhama temogo ka ga kgang eno le go tlamela ka didirisiwa tse di leng teng mo baaging. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018). |url=https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana |access-date=2020-05-13 |website=Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana "United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018)"]. ''Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> ''Lenaneo la Tlhokomelo ya Dikhutsana'' le le tshegediwang ka matlole ke puso le thusa ka dituelo tsa sekolo le go tlamela bana ka dijo go rotloetsa go tsaya karolo mo thutong. <ref name=":0" /> Lenaneo le lengwe ke ''lenaneo la Bana ba ba Tlhokang le Baithuti ba ba Tlhokang'' le le tsamaisiwang ke ''Lefapha la Pusoselegae le Tlhabololo ya Magae'' ka maikaelelo a go tlamela ka didirisiwa tse di botlhokwa le dijo go malapa a a humanegileng. == Dikgakololo == Dikgakololo tse di dirilweng ke mekgatlo e e farologaneng ya puso le mekgatlo e mengwe di supa ditsela tse di ka kgonagalang mo go rarabololeng kgang e. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018). |url=https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana |access-date=2020-05-13 |website=Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana "United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018)"]. ''Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-13</span></span>.</cite></ref>Lephata la pereko la United Staes mo pegong ya bone ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabobedi ya mefuta e e maswe thata ya pereko ya bana e supa gore go fetola molao wa pereko go tlaa fokotsa phatlha gareng ga makgotla go leka go emisa kgang e ga mmogo le go nna le seelo sa dingwaga tsa go simolola sekolo.<ref name=":0" /> Eva Procek mo tsebeng ya gagwe ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro ya puisano ya pereko ya bana mo Botswana o supa ditsla tsa go fokotsa dilo tse di bakang se, jaaka lehuma, ka kadimisio ya madi a bananan le go sekaseka mananeo a thuto go thibela gore bana ba bereke.<ref name=":14" /> Emmanuel Bothale mo tsebeng ya gagwe ya madi a bana mo Botswana o supa gore madi a a seegetsweng kwa thoko bana le mananeo a mo gae ke tsela e e masisi ya go tokafatsa tse di amang itsholelo.Fa godimo ga foo, dipatlisiso tse dingwe di a tlhokega go netefatsa gore go buiwa thata go bo go tlhaloganngwa seemo sa kgang e.<ref>Anwar, Elspeth; Hesketh, Therese (2008-06-01). "Child labour". ''BMJ''. '''336''' (Suppl S6) 0806248. doi:[https://www.bmj.com/content/336/Suppl_S6/0806248 10.1136/sbmj.0806248.] ISSN&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:1756-1833 1756-1833.] S2CID&nbsp;[https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/05a8a9c82dc732e4a55e270ae17e30112e39736f 220110114].</ref> == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} [[Karolo:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 8rgb400226tq1qv4tp40e4qtcla6t4v 53547 53545 2026-07-29T10:10:56Z JudithShe 9421 ke baakantse thanolo ya tsebe e #Wikipedia25BW 53547 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Go berekisa bana mo Botswana''' go tlhalosiwa e le go berekisa bana botlhaswa ka tiro nngwe le nngwe e e kotsi mo kgolong ya bone ya mmele, tlhaloganyo, loago le maitsholo. Tiro ya bana mo [[Botswana]] e supiwa ke mofuta wa tiro e e pateleditsweng ngwana go ya ka dingwaga tsa gagwe, ka ntlha ya mabaka a a tshwanang le lehuma le phatlhalatso ya dijo mo ntlong. Tiro ya bana mo Botswana ga e kwa godimo go ya ka dipatlisiso. Lephata la Babereki la United States le bolela gore ka ntlha ya diphatlha mo ditshetlaneng tsa lefatshe , itsholelo e e tlhokegang, le go tlhoka mananeo, "bana mo Botswana ba bereka ditiro tse ba sa tshwanelang go ka bo ba di bereka ". <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018). |url=https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana |access-date=2020-05-13 |website=Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports}}</ref> Lekgotla la mafatshefatshe la pereko ke setlhopha sa lekgotla la United Nations se se tshwaraganetseng go tlhama melao ya babereki le go rotloetsa dintlha tsa tshiamiso ya ditshetlana tsa pereko . Lekgotla la mafatshefatshe la pereko (ILO) mo tumalanong ya lekgolo masome a mararo le borobabobedi le bolela fa dingwaga tse di kwa tlase tse di tlhokegang gore motho o ka simolola go bereka, e le tsela ya go thibela go berekisa bana ka go tlhoma seelo sa dingwaga tse di kwa tlase tsa pereko le melao ya mafatshe fa seelo se se ka tlolwa. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=ILO. (N/A). |url=https://www.ilo.org/ipec/facts/ILOconventionsonchildlabour/lang--en/index.htm |access-date=2020-05-27 |website=Conventions and Recommendations on child labour (IPEC) |language=en}}</ref> Lefatshe la Botswana le ne la amogela Tumalano ya Dingwaga tse di kwa Tlase ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le botlhano, ya tlhoma molao wa lefatshe o o letlang bana ba bonnye jwa dingwaga di le lesome le bone go bereka mo maemong a a tlhophilweng. Lefatshe la Botswana le ne la amogela gape Tumalano ya ILO ya Mefuta e e Maswe go gaisa ya Tiro ya Bana, tumalano ya lekgolo masome a robabobedi le bobedi, ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi . <ref name=":1" /> Lenaneo la mafatshefatshe la go emisiwa ga pereko ya bana (IPEC) le thusitse lefatshe ka madi mabapi le lenaneo la ''go Fedisa Mefuta e e Maswe go gaisa ya Tiro ya Bana'' ( TECL ) mo Botswana ''.'' Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bone go ne ga tlhomiwa ''Komiti ya Bogakolodi ya Lenaneo la Tiro ya Bana'' ( PACC ) go okamela ''Lebaka la go Fedisa Mefuta e e Maswe go gaisa ya Tiro ya Bana'' ( TECL ) mo Botswana . <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Procek |first=Eva |date=2006 |title=Discussion document on child labour in Botswana |publisher=ILO}}</ref> Dithutopatlisiso dingwe di na le maemo a a ganetsang ka tiro ya bana mo Botswana. Jaaka go tlhalositswe ke [[Eva Procek]] mo patlisisong ya gagwe ya Puisano ''ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro'' ''ka ga Tiro ya Bana kwa Botswana'' "maano a a tlhamaletseng a a beetsweng nako a go rarabolola go bereka ga bana le mefuta e e maswe go gaisa ya tiro ya bana ga a ise a tlhamiwe". <ref name=":2" /> == Diphitlhelelo tsa go berekisa bana mo Botswana == [[Setshwantsho:Child-labour.jpg|thumb| Tiro ya bana ke mofuta mongwe fela wa tiro e e kotsi mo boitekanelong jwa ngwana. E ka ama bokgoni jwa go tsaya karolo mo ditirong tse dingwe jaaka go tsena sekolo.]] Lekgotla la United States of Labour le dirile dipatlisiso ka kgang ya go berekisa bana mo Botswana mme le begile diphitlhelelo. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018). |url=https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana |access-date=2020-05-13 |website=Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana "United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018)"]. ''Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> Lephata la Badiri la United States mo ''Dipegong tsa lone tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabobedi tsa Tiro ya Bana le Tiro e e Patelediwang, tsa Botswana'', le tlhalositse gore "Lefatshe la Botswana le dirile kgatelopele e se kae mo go fediseng tiro ya bana ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabobedi". <ref name=":0" /> Lephata la babereki la United States le tswelela ka go bolela gore "Lefatshe la Botswana le dira ditiro tse di maswe thata tsa go berekisa bana, go akaretsa le go ba dirisa botlhaswa ka thobalano, go ba pateletsa go dira tiro ya go disa dikgomo, le go dira tiro ya mo gae e e patelediwang, nngwe le nngwe ya tsone ka ntlha ya go gweba ka batho". <ref name=":0" /> Diphatlha mo tsamaisong ya molao mmogo le maiteko a lefatshe a a sa kaelwang sentle, jaaka go boletswe ke lephata la babereki la United States di dirile gore go nne le dipego tsa segompieno tsa go berekisa bana kwa Botswana. <ref name=":0" /> == Mabaka == Lekgotla la mafatshefatshe la pereko le bega gore bana ba "berekela go itshetsa" le ka mabaka a mangwe a a gatelelang bokgoni jwa bone jwa go nna ka kgololesego. <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 July 2011 |title=ILO. (2013). |url=http://www.ilo.org/moscow/areas-of-work/child-labour/WCMS_248984/lang--en/index.htm |access-date=2020-05-15 |website=Causes |language=en}}</ref> Dintlha tse di ka fa tlase jaaka kwa lefatshe le le teng, dipalopalo tsa batho le lehuma ke dingwe tsa dilo tse di bakang go berekisiwa ga bana mo Botswana. === Popego === Lefatshe la Botswana ke lefatshe le le dikologilweng ke mafatshe a mangwe ka jalo le sena lotshitshi lwa lewatle le le mo karolong ya borwa-bophirima jwa [[Aferika|Aforika]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Toney and Boo Peel. (2019). |url=https://www.victoriafalls-guide.net/geography-of-botswana.html |access-date=2020-05-27 |website=Geography of Botswana - Where is Botswana?}}</ref> Sonia Bhalotra mo patlisisong ya gagwe ''ya OECD ya dipampiri tsa tiro tsa lefatshe, tiro le khudugo'' o bolela gore ka ntlha ya " go ema ga go gola ga itsholelo, [[HIV/AIDS]], dikgotlhang, tlala le go tlhoka bophepa, go okeditse kgang ya go berekisa bana mo Aforika kwa Borwa jwa Aforika ". <ref>Bhalotra.S (2003). ''OECD SOCIAL, EMPLOYMENT AND MIGRATION WORKING PAPERS. {{doi|10.1787/1815199X}}''</ref> Pego ya ILO ''ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borataro'' ''ya'' ''dikakanyetso'' ''tsa'' ''Lefatshe tsa Tiro ya Bana'' e bolela gore "Ngwana a le mongwe mo go ba le batlhano ba Aforika o a bereka". Pego e bolela gore mo kgaolong, bana ba le didikadike di le masome a supa le bobedi, le motso o le mongwe, ba bereka e le badiri mme ba le didikadike di le masome a mararo le motso, ba bereka mo maemong a a kotsi, mme se fav se tshwantshanngwa le mafatshe a mangwe se kwa godimo gabedi. Diphitlhelelo go tswa mo pegong ya ILO ''ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borataro'' ''ya Diphopholetso tsa Lefatshe tsa Tiro ya Bana'' di bontsha gore lephata la temothuo go ralala kgaolo le dira 85% ya babereki ba bana, ba bontsi ba bone ba berekang mo dikgwebong tsa malwapa le mo masimong bogolosegolo ba le mo kgwebong ya temothuo kgotsa go disa leruo. <ref name=":8" /> Go feta fa, mekgwa ya setso mo merafeng ya Aforika e itemogela go tlogela sekolo ga bana go tsena mo tirong. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Streit.K. (N/A). |url=https://study.com/academy/lesson/child-labor-in-africa-facts-statistics.html |access-date=2020-05-17 |website=Child Labor in Africa: Facts & Statistics |language=en}}</ref> Se se bonwa mo Aforika go rotloetsa tlhabololo ya botshelo le bokgoni jwa mmele kgatlhanong le mekgwa ya bophirima . <ref name=":4">{{Cite journal |last=Loretta E |first=Bass |date=2004 |title=Child labour in sub-Saharan Africa |page=32}}</ref> Sekai sa se se ka bonwa ka batho ba kwa magaeng ba Pare kwa [[Tanzania]], Aforika e e kwa Borwa jwa Sahara, ba ba akaretsang bana ba dingwaga di le tlhano go tlhokomela dijalo. <ref name=":4" /> ==== Phetisetso kwa Botswana ==== Phetiso ya dikgang tsa go berekisa bana go tswa mo sekaing sa Aforika ka kakaretso, se bonwa gape le mo Botswana. Lephata la babereki la United States le bolela mo pegong ya lone ''ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi le lesome'' ''ya Mefuta e e Maswe go gaisa ya Tiro ya Bana'' gore tebelopele e e bokoa ya itsholelo ya malwapa le dikabo tsa didirisiwa di tlhotlheletsa go tsenngwa ga bana mo tirong mo mabakeng a le mantsi jaaka fa "batsadi ba ba tswang kwa metseselegaeng ba romela bana ba bone kwa toropong go ya go nna le malwapa a a humileng a badiri ba mo gae le go ba berekela e le malata . Pego e tswelela ka go tlhomamisa gore bana ba le bantsi ba tshwaragane thata le mefuta e e kotsi ya temothuo, mo bana ba "disang metlhape ya leruo mo mafelong a a kgakala malatsi a mantsi ba sena dijo le bonno jo bo siameng". <ref name=":10" /> Botswana ke motswedi o mogolo wa go dirisa bana botlhaswa mo go tsa kgwebo ya tlhakanelodikobo . Bana ba ba humanegileng ba patelediwa go nna babereki mme ba rekisediwa bareki kwa ditseleng tse ditona le bakgweetsi ba diteraka. <ref name=":10" /> ==== Baagi ==== [[Setshwantsho:Children_on_the_Okavango_in_Botswana.jpg|thumb| Bana ba morafe o o nnang kwa makgobokgobong a Okavango]] Botswana ke legae la merafe e le mentsi jaaka ya Basarwa le batho ba ba nnang mabapi le [[makgobokgobo a Okavango]] . <ref name=":9">{{Cite web |title=Baan.M. (2020). |url=https://www.humanium.org/en/botswana/ |access-date=2020-05-27 |website=Children of Botswana |language=en-GB}}</ref> ''Matyas Baan'' mo tsebeng ya gagwe ''ya Go Lemoga Ditshwanelo tsa Bana mo Botswana'' o bolela gore baagi ba ba "tlhokile lesego e bile ba mo kotsing ka ntlha ya go fudusiwa kgakala kgotsa go tsewa jaaka ba ba kgaphetsweng kwa thoko". <ref name=":9" /> Setšhaba sa Basarwa ke setlhopha sa morafe o monnye, se se leng kgakala, se le kgakala le ditirelo tsa lefatshe le legolo, se se dirileng gore go nne le bothata mo go sireletseng bana. <ref name=":9" /> Bana ba merafe e ga ba kgone go itemogela ditirelo di tshwana le thuto mme ba na le nako ya go tsaya dikarolo bogolosegolo mo dikgwebong tsa malwapa le mo dipolaseng kgotsa go dirisiwa botlhaswa mo go tsa thobalano le go gweba ka batho. <ref name=":9" /> === Go Fetoga ga Dipalopalo === Diphetogo mo dipalopalong tsa batho di bontsha go fetoga ga maitsholo a beng gae le ditiro tsa batho go kgotsofatsa maemo a a rileng. Diphetogo mo dipalopalong tsa batho ka kabo ya didirisiwa mo malapeng, peeletso ya batsadi le ditlhokego tsa malapa mo Botswana di dirile gore bana ba direle ditlhokego tsa motho ka bongwe le tsa malwapa, ba kgaphelwe kwa thoko mo sekolong le go simolola "kgwebopotlana". <ref name=":13">{{Cite journal |last=Katz |first=C |date=1996 |title=Anthropology of Work Review |page=3}}</ref> Kgopolo ya Caldwell ya khumo (ya ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabobedi le bobedi), e bontsha ka fa mafatshe a a nang le khumo jaaka ka balemi barui, ba ka itemogela go ya kwa godimo ga tsholo gore bana ba ba tlhokomele mo botsofeng jwa bone le go bona maemo a sepolotiki.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal |last=Bock |first=J |date=2003 |title=Evolutionary demography and intrahousehold time allocation: School attendance and child labor among the Okavango Delta Peoples of Botswana |journal=American Journal of Human Biology |language=en |volume=14 |issue=2 |pages=206–221 |doi=10.1002/ajhb.10040 |issn=1042-0533 |pmid=11891934 |s2cid=30487369}}</ref> Kabo e e lekanyeditsweng ya ditsompelo tsa mo gae le khumo go ya kwa baneng e dira gore bana ba patelesege go bereka. <ref name=":13" /> Ditlamorago tsa kabo ya ditsompelo mo teng ga malwapa di ka batlisisiwa mo Bathong ba makgobokgobo a Okavango ba Botswana. Patlisiso nngwe ya ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le bobedi e e dirilweng mo merafeng e le metlhano ya baagi e bontsha gore mo baneng ba le lekgolo masome a mabedi le bobedi ba le masome mabedi ba ne ba tsena sekolo, mme ba le lesome le botlhano ba bone ba ne ba tshwanelwa ke go tsaya loeto lwa dikhilomithara di le masome a mararo kgotsa go feta, mo go bakang go rekisetsa batho ba mo gae ditiro tsa mo gae tsa go disa, go gama le go ntsha dithoro. <ref name=":5" /> Thutopatlisiso e e dirilweng ke John Bock mo bukeng ya gagwe ''ya Evolutionary demographic le kabo ya nako mo teng ga malapa,'' e feletse ka diphitlhelelo tsa kamano ya kabo ya nako le didirisiwa mabapi le thuto ya Bana le go tsaya karolo mo tirong. Thutopatlisiso e bontsha ka fa go fetoga ga peeletso ya batsadi, maemo a lenyalo, go nna teng ga ditiro tse dingwe tse si nang le maduo, tatelano ya botsalo le bong jwa bana "di nang le ditlamorago tsa go tlhaloganya tiro ya bana le dikabo tsa nako le katlego e e latelang". <ref name=":5" /> === Lehuma === Lehuma ke maemo a setshaba kgotsa motho a le mongwe a tlhaelang go bona dilo tse a ditlhokang le madi go itshedisa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=World Vision Australia. (2019). |url=https://www.worldvision.com.au/global-issues/work-we-do/poverty |access-date=2020-05-27 |website=Poverty |language=en}}</ref>Lefatshe la Botswana le na le 36.7% ya malwapa a a tshelang ka fa tlase ga seelo sa lehuma, se se dirileng gore banana ba nne mo kotsing. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Procek |first=Eva |date=2006 |title=Discussion document on child labour in Botswana |publisher=ILO}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFProcek2006">Procek, Eva (2006). "Discussion document on child labour in Botswana". ILO.</cite><span data-ve-ignore=""> </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore=""><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Tempolete:Cite journal|cite journal]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore="">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">&#x7C;journal=</code> ([[Help:CS1 errors#missing periodical|help]])</span> [[Category:CS1 errors: missing periodical]]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bobedi, tona wa Merero ya pereko le selegae, Peter Siele, o ne a etela le go bua le mmereki wa dingwaga tse di lesome le bobedi yo o sa tseneng sekolo ka go sa tsene sekolo ga gagwe. Karabo ya gagwee e kwadilweng e ne e le "lehuma ke lone le le ntireleng gore ke tlogele sekolo, ke bolawa ke tlala" (lehuma le mpateleditse go tswa mo sekolong, ke boga ke tlala). <ref name=":6">{{Cite journal |last=Bothale |first=E |date=2012 |title=The Case for Children's Budgeting in Botswana |journal=International Journal of Children's Rights |volume=20 |issue=3 |pages=440–456 |doi=10.1163/157181811X615933}}</ref> Ditshupo tse di sa siamang tsa itsholelo e kgolo di tlhotlheleditse go tlhoka madi a a lekaneng go abelwa mananeo a bana. <ref name=":6" /> Eva Procek mo tsebeng ya gagwe ya Puisano ''ya dingwaga pedi le borataro'' ''ka ga go'' ''berekisa'' ''bana mo Botswana'' o batlisisa gore bana ba kwa magaeng le kwa mafelong a a kgakala ba mo kotsing. <ref name=":2" /> Procek o bolela gore bana ba merafe e e kwa mageng jaaka ba Basarwa ba itemogela maemo a a kwa godimo a lehuma ka ntlha ya go nna kwa godimo ga go sa itse go bala le go kwala, ka jalo ba tshabelelwa ke go bereka ba sale ba botlana go tshegetsa ba malwapa a bone ka ba iphitlhela ba le fa gare ga dipharagobe tsa se se solofelwang mo go bone ka ntlha ya ngwao ya bone. <ref name=":2" /> Dikgang tsa dikoloto le mathata a madi le tsone di felela di baka gore bana ba tseye karolo mo go berekeng.<ref name=":5" /> == Bogolo le go phatlhalala == Lephata la Merero ya lefatshe la United States mo ''pegong ya bone ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bosupa ya [[ditshwanelo tsa setho mo Botswana]]'' le bolela gore selekanyo se se anameng sa kgang e, se bona "bana mo lefatsheng ba dira ditiro tse thata go gaisa" tse di akaretsang: tirisobotlhaswa ya kgwebo ya thobalano , temothuo le go patelediwa go dira tiro ya mo gae.<ref name=":3" /> Lephata la pereko le boitekanelo le na le bana ba le dikete di le masome mabedi le botlhano ba ba ka fa tlase ga dingwaga di le lesome le botlhano ba ba berekang mo dipolaseng. Ba bangwe ba le sekete makgolo a matlhano ba bereka mo malwapeng a a humileng. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018). |url=https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana |access-date=2020-05-13 |website=Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana "United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018)"]. ''Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> Lefatshe la Botswana le tswelela ka go tshwaraganela go nna motswedi le lefelo la go berekisa bana mo go gwebeng ka bone, bogolojang ka diteraka le ditsela tse dikgolo. <ref name=":7" /> === Patlisiso ya tsa pereko ya ngwaga wa 2005/2006 === Patlisiso ya babereki ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano le wa dikete pedi le borataro go tswa kwa ''[[Mokgatho wa Dipalopalo/ Statistics Botswana"|Statistics Botswana]]'' ke patlisiso ya ntlha e e sekasekang diphetogo tsa babareki mabapi le seemo sa go thapiwa ga bana mo Botswana.<ref>Okurut, F. and Yinusa, D., 2010. Determinants of Child Labour and Schooling in Botswana: Evidence from 2005/2006 Labour Force Survey. Botswana Journal of Economics, 6(10), pp.1-19. doi:[https://www.ajol.info/index.php/boje/article/view/60206 10.4314/boje.v6i10.60206]</ref> Patlisiso e e dirilweng mo baneng ba le dikete di le makgolo a mane lesome le botlhano makgolo a supa, masome a matlhano le motso e ne ya bona gore masome a supa le bobedi mo lekgolong ba ne ba tsena sekolo ka nako e e tletseng, ba le masome mabedi le motso mo lekgolong ba ne ba bereka gape ba tsena sekolo mme ba le babedi le metso e merataro mo lekgolong ba ne ba bereka fela. <ref name=":11" /> Tshekatsheko e e ikaegileng ka bong mo patlisisong e "supa gore ke 69.2% fela ya bana ba basimane ka nako eo ba ba neng ba tsena sekolo fa go bapisiwa le 75.1% ya basetsana. Bana ba le dikete di le masome a mararo le borobabongwe lekgolo le masome a supa ba boletse ka tlhamalalo gore lebaka la go bo ba bereka ke ka ntlha ya mabaka a mabedi a a tlwaelesegileng a a amanang le go thusa mo lwapeng (62.8%), le go tlhoka madi ga bone (12.8%). <ref name=":11" /> {| class="wikitable" |+Tiro ya Ngwana le Seemo sa go Tsena Sekolo go ya ka Bong jwa Ngwana ! rowspan="2" | Go thapiwa ga ngwana le seemo sa go tsena sekolo ! colspan="2" | Bong ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | Palogotlhe % (N= 415 751) |- | Tona % (N=207 713) | Tshegadi % (208 038) |- | Go bereka le go tsena sekolo | 24.1 | 18.3 | colspan="2" | 21.2 |- | Go bereka e seng go tsena sekolo | 3.5 | 1.8 | colspan="2" | 2.6 |- | Go sa bereke le go tsena sekolo | 69.2 | 75.1 | colspan="2" | 72.0 |- | Go sa bereke le go sa tsene sekolo | 3.2 | 4.8 | colspan="2" | 4.0 |- | Palo yotlhe | 100.0 | 100.0 | colspan="2" | 100.0 |} Motswedi: Dipalopalo tsa bakwadi tse di theilweng mo Patlisisong ya Badiri ya CSO (2005/06) === Ditlamorago === Ditlamorago tsa go bereka ga bana go ka ammangwang le go bo go ama go itekanela ga bana ba ba tsayang karolo mo go gone . <ref name=":12">{{Cite journal |last=Anwar |first=Elspeth |last2=Hesketh |first2=Therese |date=2008-06-01 |title=Child labour |journal=BMJ |language=en |volume=336 |issue=Suppl S6 |doi=10.1136/sbmj.0806248 |issn=1756-1833 |s2cid=220110114 |article-number=0806248}}</ref> Ditlamorago di bonwa ka thuto le ditlamorago tsa lehuma. [[Setshwantsho:Child_labour_in_Madagascar.jpg|thumb| Tiro ya bana e bona bana ba dira mo maemong a a kotsi le a a kotsi a tiro.]] ==== Thuto ==== Mo Botswana tiro ya bana "e amana thata le thuto ka tsela e e sa siamang, jaaka go supilwe mo pegong ''ya Ditlhomamiso tsa Tiro ya Bana le Tseno ya Sekolo mo Botswana'' ka tshekatsheko ya diphitlhelelo tsa patlisiso ya babereki ka dingwaga tsa dikete pedi le botlhano kgotsa dikete pedi le borataro.<ref name=":12" /> Go feta fa, diphitlhelelo tsa ''UNICEF tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borataro'' di supa gore 9% ya bana ba Botswana ba na le seabe mo go nneng le ditiro, se se supang gape gore 16% ya bana ba dingwaga tsa sekolo se se potlana ga ba tsene sekolo. Ditlamorago tsa dipalo di tshwana le peeletso madi ya batsadi le lefelo la bonno di ama gape bokgoni jwa go nna le seabe mo go tseneng sekolo ga bana. <ref name=":5">{{Cite journal |last=Bock |first=J |date=2003 |title=Evolutionary demography and intrahousehold time allocation: School attendance and child labor among the Okavango Delta Peoples of Botswana |journal=American Journal of Human Biology |language=en |volume=14 |issue=2 |pages=206–221 |doi=10.1002/ajhb.10040 |issn=1042-0533 |pmid=11891934 |s2cid=30487369}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBock2003">Bock, J (2003). "Evolutionary demography and intrahousehold time allocation: School attendance and child labor among the Okavango Delta Peoples of Botswana". ''American Journal of Human Biology''. '''14''' (2): <span class="nowrap">206–</span>221. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/ajhb.10040|10.1002/ajhb.10040]]. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1042-0533 1042-0533]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&nbsp;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11891934 11891934]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&nbsp;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:30487369 30487369].</cite></ref> Go tsena sekolo go a amega ka jaana dielo tsa thuto e kgolwane di wela tlase ka ntlha ya madi a thuto. Sekai, se se supiwa ke 35.7% ya go nna teng ga bana ba basimane ba ba ikwadisitseng mo go ba. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=UNICEF Botswana. (2018) |url=https://www.unicef.org/botswana/ |website=Education |language=en}}</ref> ==== Ditlamorago tsa Lehuma ==== Go fetisetsa lehuma kwa dikokomaneng go ya ka itsolelo ya Botswana, go bona bana ba l babedi mo go ba le bararo ba tlhaela go tsena sekolos e segolwane. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=UNICEF Botswana. (2018) |url=https://www.unicef.org/botswana/ |website=Education |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.unicef.org/botswana/ "UNICEF Botswana. (2018)"]. ''Education''.</cite></ref> Emmanuel Bothale mo ''bukeng ya gagwe ya Kgetse ya Tekanyetsokabo ya Bana mo Botswana'' o dirisa ''Mmapa wa Lehuma (Moseki, 2009)'' le ''Dipego tsa Tlhabololo ya Batho tsa UNDP (2009,2010) o supa palo e e kwa godimo ya lehuma ya 22.9% mo Botswana''. <ref name=":6">{{Cite journal |last=Bothale |first=E |date=2012 |title=The Case for Children's Budgeting in Botswana |journal=International Journal of Children's Rights |volume=20 |issue=3 |pages=440–456 |doi=10.1163/157181811X615933}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBothale2012">Bothale, E (2012). "The Case for Children's Budgeting in Botswana". ''International Journal of Children's Rights''. '''20''' (3): <span class="nowrap">440–</span>456. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1163/157181811X615933|10.1163/157181811X615933]].</cite></ref> Go dirisiwa botlhaswa mo go tsa thobalano le dintlha tsa bophepa ke ditlamorago tsa lehuma la nako e telele, jaaka go bonwe mo diphitlhelelong tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le lesome go tswa kwa ''Botswana Press Agency'' . Lekgotla le, le ne la dira dipatlisiso ka thobalano, e e neng ya tlhomamisa gore basetsana ba ithekisa mebele ka ntlha ya go tlhoka madi le "go baya dijo mo tafoleng". <ref name=":6" /> Mo godimo ga moo, lehuma la morafe, le dirile gore go se ka ga nna le bophepa le botsogo jo bo siameng; sekai, dintsho tsa bana ba ba ka fa tlase ga dingwaga di le tlhano, di oketsegile ka 0.5% (go tswa ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe go tsena ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bobedi. <ref name=":3" /> Go anama ga bophepa jo bo sa siamang go dirile gore go nne le go anama ga malwetse a a tshwanang le HIV/AIDS. Dikgato tse di bokoa tsa thibelo di bona seelo sa go anama ga HIV sa 15.7% mo dikhutsaneng tsa dingwaga di le lefelo go tsena lesome le borobabobedi. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Procek |first=Eva |date=2006 |title=Discussion document on child labour in Botswana |publisher=ILO}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFProcek2006">Procek, Eva (2006). "Discussion document on child labour in Botswana". ILO.</cite><span data-ve-ignore=""> </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore=""><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Tempolete:Cite journal|cite journal]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore="">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">&#x7C;journal=</code> ([[Help:CS1 errors#missing periodical|help]])</span> [[Category:CS1 errors: missing periodical]]</ref> == Diphetogo == Go na le metheo ya puso ga mmogo le mananeo a a lekang go raarbolola kgang e.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018). |url=https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana |access-date=2020-05-13 |website=Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana "United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018)"]. ''Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> === Tebelopele ya Puso === Gareng ga dingwaga tsa dikete pedi le borataro le dikete pedi le borobabobedi, lefatshe le ne le ntse le le mo thulaganyong ya go tlhama Lenaneo la lefatshe la Tiro la go Fedisa Tiriso ya Bana mo Botswana, le le neng la amogelwa semmuso mo lefatsheng lotlhe ka Tlhakole ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabobedi . <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Procek |first=Eva |date=2006 |title=Discussion document on child labour in Botswana |publisher=ILO}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFProcek2006">Procek, Eva (2006). "Discussion document on child labour in Botswana". ILO.</cite><span data-ve-ignore=""> </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore=""><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Tempolete:Cite journal|cite journal]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore="">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">&#x7C;journal=</code> ([[Help:CS1 errors#missing periodical|help]])</span> [[Category:CS1 errors: missing periodical]]</ref> Se se kwadilwe ka thuso ya lenaneo la mafatshefatshe( ILO ), Go ya kwa go Fediseng Mefuta e e maswe go gaisa ya Tiro ya Bana . <ref name=":2" /> Komiti ya Bogakolodi ya Lenaneo la Pereko ya Bana (PACC), e e emelang maphata a puso, babereki ba ba rulagantsweng le dikgwebo, le mekgatlho ya baagi, e kaela tlhabololo le go diragadiwa ga lenaneo. <ref name=":2" /> Puso ya lefatshe e tlhamile melao gore e kgone go gokaganya ka fa ba tsibogelang ka teng kgang e. Lenaneo la pereko ya lefatshe le le berekang go Fedisa Tiro ya Bana mo Botswana le tlhalosa tsela e puso e tlaa e dirisang go tlhama melao e e amang kgang e go tsibosa batho. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018). |url=https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana |access-date=2020-05-13 |website=Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana "United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018)"]. ''Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-13</span></span>.</cite></ref>Lephata la tsa pereko le selegae le na le leano la go tsweledisa le le bona baithaopi le ba ba amanang le puso ba bereka go ela tlhoko le go begela bommaboipelego le barutabana bana ba ba berekang, e le tsela ya go tlhaloganya ka fa ba tsenang sekolo ka teng le seemo sa bone sa pereko. <ref name=":0" /> Puso e tlhomile mananeo a go lomaganya tsibogo ya bone mo kgang e. Komiti ya go gweba ka Batho e tlhomilwe ke molaowa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bone o o kgatlhanong le go gweba ka batho, mme e eteletswe pele ke Lephata la Tshireletso le bosiamisi (MDJS) go bereka e le mokgwa wa go bega le go romela dikgang tse di amanang le se. Komiti ya Bogakolodi ka ga pereko ya bana ke mokgwa o mongwe o o akaretsang baithaopi ba mekgatlho e e seng ya puso le badiredipuso go begela puso dikgang. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018). |url=https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana |access-date=2020-05-13 |website=Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana "United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018)"]. ''Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> Lephata la Merero ya lefatshe la United States mo pegong ya bone ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bosupa ya [[ditshwanelo tsa setho mo Botswana]] le nganga gore mekgwa e ga e bereke ka ntlha ya tlhaelo ya didirisiwa le go sa kgone go goroga kwa magaeng". === Molao === Lefatshe la Botswana le amogetse tumalano ya ILO ya Dingwaga tse di kwa Tlase ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le botlhano( C138 ) le Tumalano ya ILO ya Mefuta e e Maswe go gaisa ya Tiro ya Bana ( C182 ) ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Procek |first=Eva |date=2006 |title=Discussion document on child labour in Botswana |publisher=ILO}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFProcek2006">Procek, Eva (2006). "Discussion document on child labour in Botswana". ILO.</cite><span data-ve-ignore=""> </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore=""><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Tempolete:Cite journal|cite journal]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore="">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">&#x7C;journal=</code> ([[Help:CS1 errors#missing periodical|help]])</span> [[Category:CS1 errors: missing periodical]]</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, lefatshe le gape le ne la amogela Tumalano ya UN ya Ditshwanelo tsa Ngwana le lekgotla la Aforika a Ditshwanelo le Boitekanelo jwa Ngwana ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le botlhano. <ref name=":2" /> [[Employment Act, Botswana|Molao wa phiro]] wa Botswana ke one molao o mogolo o o laolang dikgang tse di amanang le go thapiwa mo Botswana. O ikaelela go sireletsa bana kgatlhanong le tirisobotlhaswa le go bereka tiro e e borai, e e tlhalosiwang e le tiro nngwe le nngwe e e borai mo boitekanelong jwa ngwana, mo kgolong le mo maitsholong a gagwe.<ref name=":11" /> Lephata la babereki la United States mo dipego tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabobedi, tsa Botswana ''tsa Pereko ya Bana le Tiro e e Patelediwang,'' le bolela gore "go na le tlhaelo mo molaong wa Botswana go sireletsa bana ka mo go lekaneng mo tirisong ya bone" ka gore ga go na molao o o tlhomameng wa dingwaga tsa thuto, mo go sa tsamaisaneng le maemo a a beilweng ke ILO. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018). |url=https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana |access-date=2020-05-13 |website=Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana "United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018)"]. ''Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> ==== Tiragatso ==== Puso e na le tsela ya go thusa mo tiragatsong ya molao ka melao ya go senya le ya pereko. Lephata la tsa pereko,go ntsha madu mo tirong le go tlhabolola kitso le netefatsa gore mela ya pereko ya bana e a diragadiwa, gape le filwe marapo ke molao wa pereko go dira ditshekatsheko tsa pereko.<ref name=":11" /> Diphitlhelelo go tswa kwa lephateng la babereki United States di supa fa go dirilwe dipatlisiso di le dikete pedi makgolo a mararo masome a mararo le botlhano tsa babereki kwa Botswana ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bosupa, tse di neng di fokotsegile go tswa go di le dikete di le nne, makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa dikeet pedi lesome le borataro. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018). |url=https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana |access-date=2020-05-13 |website=Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana "United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018)"]. ''Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> ''Lephata la tshireletso le tsiamiso'' le tlhofofatsa tiragatso ya molao wa go tlola molao wa pereko ya bana. Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bosupa lekgotla la Directorate of Public Prosecutions (DPP) le ne la supa fa le lebisitse batho ba supa molato wa go tshwara bana makgwakgwa mme ga ba a supa fa di amana le go berekisa bana. <ref name=":0" /> === Dikgato tse ditserweng ke lefatshe === Puso e abela mananeo a selegae a a lekang go rarabolola kgang ya go bereka ga bana madi. Mo godimo ga madi a a tswang mo makgotleng a eseng a puso, mananeo a a leka go tsibosa batho ka kgang e le go ntsha didirisiwa tse di ka dirisiwang ke setshaba. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018). |url=https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana |access-date=2020-05-13 |website=Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana "United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018)"]. ''Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> Lenaneo la puso la tlhokomelo dikhutsana le thusa gore bana bao ba seka ba duela madi a sekolo gape le bathusa ka dijo go netefatsa gore ba tsena sekolo .<ref name=":0" /> Lenaneo le lengwe ke la bana ba ba nang le letlhoko le le ka fa tlase ga lephata la puso ya mo gae le tlhabololo magae ka maikaelelo a go fa malwapa a a sa itsholelang didirisiwa le dijo. == Dikgakololo == Dikgakololo go tswa kwa makgotleng a puso le makgotla a mangwe di supa fa go na le ditsela tsa go ka rarabolola kgang e . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018). |url=https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana |access-date=2020-05-13 |website=Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/botswana "United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs. (2018)"]. ''Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> Lephata la babereki la kwa United States mo pegong ya lone ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabobedi ya Mefuta e e Maswe go gaisa ya Tiro ya Bana le bolela gore paakanyo ya Molao wa pereko e tla "fokotsa tlhaelo fa gare ga mekgatlho le ditheo tsa tiragatso ya molao go tlhokomela go fedisa kgang eno mmogo le tlhokego <ref name=":0" /> tse di kwa tlase tsa go tsena sekolo. Eva Procek mo puisanong ya gagwe ya pereko ya bana mo Botswana ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borataro, o supa disela tsa go fokotsa mabaka a se, jaaka lehuma ka molao wa dithusa tsa madi tsa banana wa lefatshe le go sekaseka mananeo a bone a thuto go itsa bana go tlamega go bereka. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Procek |first=Eva |date=2006 |title=Discussion document on child labour in Botswana |publisher=ILO}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFProcek2006">Procek, Eva (2006). "Discussion document on child labour in Botswana". ILO.</cite><span data-ve-ignore=""> </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore=""><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Tempolete:Cite journal|cite journal]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore="">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">&#x7C;journal=</code> ([[Help:CS1 errors#missing periodical|help]])</span> [[Category:CS1 errors: missing periodical]]</ref> Emmanuel Bothale mo bukeng ya gagwe ya The Case for Children's Budgeting in Botswana o bolela gore dikabo tsa madi tse di tokafaditsweng tsa mananeo a bana ke nngwe ya dilo tse go ka buiwang ka tsone thata go tokafatsa mo ditshupo tse di sa siamang tsa itsholelo". <ref name=":6">{{Cite journal |last=Bothale |first=E |date=2012 |title=The Case for Children's Budgeting in Botswana |journal=International Journal of Children's Rights |volume=20 |issue=3 |pages=440–456 |doi=10.1163/157181811X615933}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFBothale2012">Bothale, E (2012). "The Case for Children's Budgeting in Botswana". ''International Journal of Children's Rights''. '''20''' (3): <span class="nowrap">440–</span>456. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1163/157181811X615933|10.1163/157181811X615933]].</cite></ref> Fa godimo ga foo, go tlhokafala gore go diriwe dipatlisiso tse dingwe go netefatsa gore go tlhaloganngwa seemo le borai jwa kgang e . <ref name=":12">{{Cite journal |last=Anwar |first=Elspeth |last2=Hesketh |first2=Therese |date=2008-06-01 |title=Child labour |journal=BMJ |language=en |volume=336 |issue=Suppl S6 |doi=10.1136/sbmj.0806248 |issn=1756-1833 |s2cid=220110114 |article-number=0806248}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFAnwarHesketh2008">Anwar, Elspeth; Hesketh, Therese (2008-06-01). "Child labour". ''BMJ''. '''336''' (Suppl S6) 0806248. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1136/sbmj.0806248|10.1136/sbmj.0806248]]. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1756-1833 1756-1833]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]]&nbsp;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:220110114 220110114].</cite></ref> == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} [[Karolo:Pages with unreviewed translations]] pz26phbl5wyz8x6ut7bl3y0xq7lakgs 0 14765 53553 2026-07-29T11:23:31Z Lucrucia98 12161 #Wikipedia25BW ke ranotse tsebe ya Molapo wa Kalahari 53553 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Molapo wa Kalahari''', o gape o itsegeng jaaka Molapo wa Kalahari, Molapo wa Okavango kgotsa Molapo wa Makgadikgadi,<ref>Ashton, Peter; Neal, Marian (2003). [https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/doc/10.1.1.468.8632 "An overview of key strategic issues in the Okavango basin".] In Turton, A.R.; Ashton, P.J.; Cloete, T.E. (eds.). ''Transboundary Rivers, Sovereignty and Development: Hydropolitical Drivers in the Okavango''. pp.&#x20;31–63. CiteSeerX&#x20;10.1.1.468.8632.</ref> ke molapo wa endorheic le kgaolo e kgolo ya naga e e kwa tlase e e akaretsang 725,293 km2  ⁇  bontsi jwa yone e le mo [[Botswana Railways|Botswana]] le [[Namibia]], mme gape le dikarolo tsa Angola, [[Afrika Borwa]], Zambia le Zimbabwe. Karolo e e tlhomologileng thata mo lekadibeng leno, le e e mo bogareng jwa lone, ke Sekaka se segolo sa Kalahari. Noka ya Selinda Spillway (kgotsa Noka ya Magweggana), mo nokeng ya Cuando, e golaganya molapo wa Kalahari le Molapo wa Zambezi. <ref name=":0">[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/africa/galleries/prince-harry-and-meghan-markle-honeymoon-botswana/selinda-spillway/ Is this Harry and Meghan's honeymoon hotel?]. ''The Telegraph''. 29 May 2018.</ref> == Bokao jo bo akaretsang jwa lekadiba == Noka ya Okavango ke yone e e elelang thata mo molapong. E bopilwe ke go kopana ga dinoka tsa Cubango le Cuito, tse di simololang kwa Bié Plateau e e kwa bogare jwa Angola mme di elela kwa borwabotlhaba. Noka ya Cubango e kopana le Noka ya Omatako e e elelang go ya kwa bokone-botlhaba go tswa kwa e simololang teng kwa kgaolong ya Damaraland kwa bogare jwa Namibia. Okavango e tswelela pele go ralala Caprivi Strip ya Namibia go ya kwa Botswana, koo e kgaoganang ka dikarolo di le mmalwa go bopa Okavango Delta, e leng noka e kgolo e e fa gare ga naga e e nnang naga ya bojang e e nnang e khurumeditswe ke metsi ka dinako tsa ngwaga. Morago ga Okavango Delta, metsi a lekadiba a tsena mo kgaolong ya mowafalo o o maatla, a setse a le mo teng ga sekaka sa Kalahari.<ref>[https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/38367/kalahari-and-okavango-delta Kalahari and Okavango Delta.] Earth Observatory - Nasa. 6 August 2008.</ref> Go na le mafelo a le mmalwa a a nang le letswai mo dikarolong tse di kwa tlase tsa lekadiba leno, go akaretsa le Nwako Pan e e kwa borwa jwa Okavango Delta le Makgadikgadi Pan e kgolo e e kwa borwabotlhaba jwa Delta. Ka dinako tsa go elela go go kwa godimo, Okavango e tshologela mo Nwako Pan ka Xudum le Nhabe go tlatsa [[Letsha la Ngami]], letsha le le nang le letswai, le mo [[Letsha la Xau]] le kwa ntlheng ya bophirima ya Makgadikgadi Pan ka Boteti. Letamo la Mopipi [ceb] le ne la agiwa mo Boteti go tlamela moepo wa ditaemane wa Orapa ka metsi.<ref name=":1">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1432/ Okavango Delta.] UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 2019</ref> Selinda Spillway, e e itsiweng gape ka leina la Magweqana, Magwekwana kgotsa Magweggana, ke mosele o o tsamaisang metsi o o golaganyang Okavango Delta le Noka ya Cuando, e e leng karolo ya Noka ya Zambezi.<ref name=":0" />Mo dinakong tsa metsi a a kwa godimo thata mo Okavango, metsi a elela kwa botlhaba go ya kwa Cuando-Linyanti-System. Lekgetlho la bofelo fa seno se ne se direga e ne e le ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe(2009) morago ga gore go fete dingwaga di le masome a mararo metsi a sa tlhole a elela. Ka nako ya metsi a a kwa godimo kwa Kwando, metsi a ka elela go ya kwa bophirima go tswa kwa Cuando go ya kwa Okavango Delta, mme gantsi a mowafala pele a fitlha kwa delta.<ref name=":2">Thomas, David.; Shaw, Paul A.. The Kalahari Environment. Cambridge University Press, 21 February 1991 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalahari_Basin#cite_note-Thomas_Shaw-5]</ref> Melatswana e mengwe e e mo lekadibeng le e akaretsa Eiseb, molatswana o o sa kgaotseng o o simololang kwa Herreroland ya Namibia mme o elela kwa botlhaba go ya Okavango Delta, le Noka ya Nata, e e simololang kwa bophirima jwa Zimbabwe go elela kwa ntlheng ya botlhaba jwa Makgadikgadi Pan.<ref name=":2" /> === Tikologo === Le fa gone e le naga e e omeletseng, Kgaolo ya Kalahari e na le mefuta e e farologaneng ya ditshedi le dimela mo mmung o o bidiwang motlhaba wa Kalahari. <ref>Martin Leipold, 2008][https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalahari_Basin#cite_note-6]</ref>Dimela tsa teng di akaretsa ditlhare tsa acacia, African rosewood le palo e kgolo ya merogo le ditlhatshana. Mafelo mangwe a a mo Kalahari ke mafelo a a bongola a setlha, jaaka Makgadikgadi Pans ya Botswana. Ka sekai, lefelo leno le na le mefuta e mentsi ya ditshedi tse di ratang go nna le di-halophilic mme ka paka ya dipula, di-flamingo di le diketekete di etela mafelo ano.<ref>C. Michael Hogan, [[:en:Kalahari_Basin#cite_note-7|2008]]</ref> == Go laola metswedi ya metsi == Motswedi wa metsi a Okavango Delta kwa Angola le Namibia ga o amiwe ke matamo a a kwa godimo ga noka kgotsa go gogiwa ga metsi go go botlhokwa mme dinaga tse tharo tse di gaufi le noka di tlhomile thulaganyo ya go laola metsi a noka yotlhe.<ref name=":1" /> == Bona Gape == * [[Nxai Pan]] * [[Noka ya Nata]] * [[Thaba ya Tsodilo]] * [[Lekgadikgadi la Makgadikgadi]] – letsha la bogologolo, e leng lone le legolo go a gaisa otlhe mo Afrika, le le kileng la bo le le mo lekadibeng leno go fitlha dingwaga di le dikete tse lesome (10 000) tse di fetileng. == Metswedi == foigo71y5u4ypya7kzq1hy08f2oaq7w 0 14766 53554 2026-07-29T11:26:30Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Botsalano jwa lefatshe la Botswana le la United Kingdom #Wikipedia25BW 53554 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Botswana United Kingdom Locator.svg|thumb|Botsalano jwa Botswana le United Kingdom]] Botsalano jwa mafatshe a [[Botswana]] le [[United Kingdom]] ke tirisanommogo ya gompieno le ya mo ditsong gareng ga lefatshe la United Kingdom(UK) le Republic of Botswana. Mafatshe o o mabedi a ne a tlhama tirisanommogo ka nako ya fa lefatshe la Botswana le tsaya boipuso. Mafatshe a ka bobedi ke maloko a makgotlha a mafatshe a selekane, kgotlatshekelo ya mafatshefatshe, le lekgotla la mafatshefatshe la kgwebo, ga mmogo le lekgotla la borwa jwa Aforika la metsamao.<ref name=":0">Bavier, Joe (11 September 2019). [https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-britain-africa-trade-idUKKCN1VW1N5 "Britain agrees post-Brexit trade deal with southern Africa".] ''Reuters''. Archived from the original on 18 February 2022. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> Mafatshe a ka botsalano jwa one a na le bokopano jwa go kgetha gabedi.<ref>[[:en:HM_Revenue_and_Customs|HM Revenue and Customs]] (3 February 2014). [https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/botswana-tax-treaties "Botswana: tax treaties".] ''GOV.UK''. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20250408171729/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/botswana-tax-treaties the original] on 8 April 2025. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> == Botsalano jwa itsholelo == [[Setshwantsho:Foreign Secretary visits Botswana (6886371565).jpg|thumb|Mokwaledi wa mafatshe a sele William Hague mo Botswana ka Tlhakole ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bobedi]] Go tswa ka Phalane a le lesome ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borataro go fitlhelela ka Morule a le masome mararo ngwaga wa dikeet pedi le masome a mabedi, kgwebo gareng ga mafatshe a Botswana le UK e ne e okametswe ke lekgotla la European Union le tumalano ya bokopanelo itsholelo ya borwa jwa Aforika, fa lefatshe la United Kingdom e ne e le leloko la lekgotla la European Union.<ref>[https://rtais.wto.org/UI/PublicShowRTAIDCard.aspx?rtaid=897 "EU - SADC".] ''[[:en:World_Trade_Organization|World Trade Organization]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20241204034221/https://rtais.wto.org/UI/PublicShowRTAIDCard.aspx?rtaid=897 Archived] from the original on 4 December 2024. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> Morago ga go ikgogela morago ga United Kingdom mo lekgotleng la European Union, mafatshe a Botswana le UK a ne a baya monwana tumalano ya kgwebo ya borwa jwa Aforika le Mozambique - tumalano ya bokopano jwa itsholelo jwa United Kingdom ka Phalane a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabongwe. Tumalano ya SACUM-United Kingdom ya itsholelo ke tumalano ya tsa kgwebo e e ikaegileng ka tumalano ya go gweba mahala ya EU, e e simolotseng go dirisiwa ka Firikgong a rogwa ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso.<ref>Department for International Trade; [[:en:Department_for_International_Development|Department for International Development]]; Truss, Elizabeth (11 September 2019). [https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-agreed-trade-continuity-with-six-african-nations "UK agreed trade continuity with 6 African nations".] ''GOV.UK''. Archived from the original on 11 September 2019. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref><ref name=":0" /> Dipoelo tsa kgwebo gareng ga lekgotla la kgwebo la borwa jwa Aforika le [[Mozambique]] le United Kingdom e ne e le diponto di le didikadike di le lesome le bobedi, makgolo a matlhano masome a mararo le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bobedi.<ref>Department for International Trade (3 November 2022). [https://web.archive.org/web/20240117122720/https://www.gov.uk/guidance/uk-trade-agreements-in-effect "UK trade agreements in effect".] ''GOV.UK''. Archived from [https://www.gov.uk/guidance/uk-trade-agreements-in-effect the original] on 17 January 2024. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> == Dithomo tsa sepolotiki == * Lefatshe la Botswana le na le ofisi ya boemedi kwa Lontone<ref>Diplomat Magazine (4 September 2017). [https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/botswana/ "Botswana".] ''Diplomat Magazine''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20250513003921/https://diplomatmagazine.com/heads-of-mission/africa/botswana/ Archived] from the original on 13 May 2025. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Lefatshe la United Kingdom le amana le la Botswana ka ofisi ya lone ya boemedi e e kwa Gaborone.<ref>[https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-high-commission-gaborone "British High Commission Gaborone".] ''GOV.UK''. Archived from the original on 6 May 2024. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> == Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe == * [[Bechuanaland]] Protectorate * [[Botsalano jwa lefatshe la Botswana le mafatshe a mangwe]] * [[Botsalano jwa lefatshe la United Kingdom le mafatshe a mangwe]] * [[Ditso tsa lefatshe la Botswana]] * [[Botsalano jwa Aforika Borwa le United Kingdom]] == Metswedi == q5x614g6pgah2vwghglhxmjqp10w9r6