Wikipedia tnwiki https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsebe_ya_konokono MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.13 first-letter Pego Faphegileng Puisano Modirisi Puisano ya modirisi Wikipedia Puisano ya Wikipedia Setshwantsho Puisano ya setshwantsho MediaWiki Puisano ya MediaWiki Tempolete Puisano ya tempolete Thuso Puisano ya thuso Karolo Puisano ya karolo TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 3108 53564 52368 2026-07-29T13:49:04Z Lucrucia98 12161 53564 wikitext text/x-wiki  '''Seretse Khama Ian Khama'''; <ref>[http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?aid=57671&dir=2016/february/11 "President Khama has a new official name"]. ''Mmegi Online''. 11 February 2016. Retrieved 18 July 2017.</ref>o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e le masome a mabedi le bosupa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le boraro (1953) <ref>[http://www.pretorianews.co.za/index.php?fArticleId=4330211 "True to tradition, Khama is born to rule Botswana",] Sapa-AFP (''Pretoria News''), 1 April 2008.</ref>ke radipolotiki wa Motswana e bile e le modiredi wa pele wa sesole yo o kileng a nna Tautona wa bone wa Botswana go tloga ka kgwedi ya Moranang e thola bongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi (2008) go fitlha ka kgwedi ya [[Botswana Defence Force|Moranang]] e thola bongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi (2018). Morago ga go direla ele moeteledi pele wa sesole sa Botswana, o ne a tsenelela polotiki, abo a nna [[Mothusa Tautona wa Botswana|mothusa tautona wa Botswana]] go simolola ka ngwaga wa 1998 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi (2008), morago ga moo a tlhatlhama ppp[[Festus Mogae]] jaaka Tautona ka kgwedi ya Moranang e thola bongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi (2008). O fentse paka e e tletseng mo [[Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa 2009 tsa lefatshe la Botswana|ditlhophong tsa ngwaga wa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe(2009)]] mme a tlhophiwa gape ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014). <ref>{{Cite web |title=H.E. Lt General Serêtsê Khama Ian Khama {{!}} The AAS |url=https://www.aasciences.africa/fellow/he-lt-general-seretse-khama-ian-khama |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210416093446/https://www.aasciences.africa/fellow/he-lt-general-seretse-khama-ian-khama |archive-date=16 April 2021 |access-date=2021-04-16 |website=www.aasciences.africa}}</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe jwa pele == Ian Khama ke ngwana wa bobedi wa ga Seretse Khama (yo neng a tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e thola bongwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mabedi le bongwe (1921) a bo a tlhokafala ka kgwedi ya Phukwi le le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le borobabobedi (1980), moeteledipele wa Botswana wa boipuso le mopresidente wa gagwe go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le borataro (1966) go fitlha ka ngwaga wa sekete , makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi (1980), le Lady Khama. O belegetswe kwa Chertsey, Surrey, fa rraagwe a ne a nna kwa botshwarong kwa United Kingdom, ka ntlha ya kganetso ya puso ya bokoloniale le puso e e neng e sa tswa go tlhongwa ya tlhaolele mo Aforika Borwa ka ntlha ya lenyalo la gagwe le mosadi wa mosweu.<ref>Arnold, Guy (29 May 2002)[https://www.theguardian.com/news/2002/may/29/guardianobituaries . "Obituary: Lady Ruth Khama".] ''The Guardian''.</ref> Gape ke setlogolo sa ga [[Sekgoma II]] (o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi le masome a marataro le borobabongwe (1869) a bo a thokafala ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mabedi le botlhano (1925), yo e neng e le moeteledipele wa batho ba [[Bangwato|Bamangwato,]] le setlogolo sa ga [[Khama III]] (o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi le masome a mararo le bosupa (1837) a bo a thokafala ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mabedi le boraro (1923), kgosi ya bone. Rragomogolo wa gagwe wa Kgosikgolo Sekgoma I e ne e le tlhogo ya batho ba Bamangwato (o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi le lesome le botlhano (1815) a bo a thokafala ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi le masome a robabobedi le botlhano (1885). Leina "Seretse" le raya "mmu o o kopanyang" mme o ne wa fiwa rraagwe go keteka poelano ya ga rraagwe le rremogoloagwe; poelano eno e ne ya tlhomamisa gore Seretse Khama o tlhatlogela mo setulong sa bogosi fa rraagwe yo o tsofetseng a ne a tlhokafala ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mabedi le botlhano (1925). Ian Seretse Khama o teeletswe ka rraagwe go tsweletsa boswa jono jwa hisetori. Gape o itsiwe ka leina Ian Khama go farologanya ene le rraagwe. [[Tshekedi Khama II|Tshekedi Khama II,]] morwarraagwe Ian Khama, o ne a teeletswe ka malome wa bone, Tshekedi Khama yo e neng e le motlhokomedi le motlhokomedi wa ga [[Seretse Khama]], Tautona wa ntlha wa [[Botswana]].<ref>[https://www.sahistory.org.za/people/president-seretse-khama "President Seretse Khama &#x7C; South African History Online".] ''www.sahistory.org.za''.</ref> == Thuto le tiro ya sesole == Ian Khama o ne a rutwa kwa [[Waterford Kamhlaba]], United World College kwa [[Mbabane]],<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120414133341/http://www.waterford.sz/information/waterford_kamhlaba_background/ "Waterford Kamhlaba Background".] Archived from the original on 14 April 2012. Retrieved 23 December 2010.</ref>le kwa Royal Military Academy Sandhurst.<ref>[http://www.int.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&click_id=68&art_id=nw20080330125727131C535360 Gordon Bell "Botswana's leader to keep winning formula",] Reuters (''IOL''), 30 March 2008.</ref>Ke mokgweetsi wa sefofane yo o nang le bokgoni.<ref>[https://www.sundaystandard.info/inside-how-khamaocos-love-for-flying-took-away-botswanaocos-innocence/ "Inside how Khama's love for flying took away Botswana's innocence | Sunday Standard".] 11 November 2018. Retrieved 21 May 2024.</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Moranang wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bosupa (1977), Khama o ne a tlhophiwa jaaka brigadier general a le dingwaga di le masome a mabedi le bone ka nako ya Bo Tautona jwa ga [[Seretse Khama|Sir Seretse Khama]], a mo dira Motlatsa Molaodi wa Motlatsa Tautona wa maloba [[Lt. Gen. Mompati Merafh]]<nowiki/>e. Moragonyana o ne a direla jaaka Molaodi wa [[Botswana Defence Force (BDF)]] go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe (1989 )go fitlha ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi (1998). Ka nako eno, Khama o ne a amogela ditlotla tsa sesole, go akaretsa le Founder Officer Medal ka go nna karolo ya Botswana Defence Force fa e ne e tlhomiwa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bosupa (1977), Duty Code Order ka go ineela mo tirong, le Distinguished Service Medal ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bosupa (1997) morago ga dingwaga di le masome a mabedi tsa tirelo.<ref>[https://www.weekendpost.co.bw/18290/news/khama-barred-from-using-bdf-facilities/ "Khama barred from using BDF facilities".] ''Botswana Weekend Post''. 24 June 2019. Retrieved 21 May 2024.</ref> == Tiro ya sepolotiki == Khama ka nako ya ketelo ya semmuso kwa Chile ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bosupa (2017) Khama, yo o neng a direla jaaka Molaodi wa Botswana Defence Force, o ne a itsise ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bosupa (1997) gore o tla tlogela tiro ya gagwe ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e le masome a mararo le bongwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi (1998). Ka gore e ne e le letlha le le tshwanang le la go tlogela tiro ga Tautona Quett Masire, e ne ya tsosa dikakanyo tsa sepolotiki ka ga Khama.<ref>"Botswana: Army commander announces he will retire at end of March 1998", SAPA news agency (nl.newsbank.com), 18 December 1997. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_Khama#cite_note-10]</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e thola bongwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi (1998), fa Motlatsa-Tautona Festus Mogae a ne a tlhatlhama Masire jaaka Tautona, Khama o ne a tlhophiwa jaaka motlatsa-Tautona e yo mošwa. Le fa go ntse jalo, Khama o ne a se na setilo mo Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba, mme ka jalo o ne a sa kgone go simolola tiro ya gagwe jaaka motlatsa-Tautona . Kwa tshimologong ya kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi (1998) o ne a fenya ditlhopho ka bontsi kwa Serowe North, a amogela dithopho di le dikete tse pedi le makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borataro kgatlhanong le dithopho di le masome a robabobedi le borataro tsa moemedi wa lekoko la kganetso la Botswana National Front.<ref>"Botswana: Ian Khama wins by-election and can therefore be vice-president", SAPA news agency (nl.newsbank.com), 6 July 1998. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_Khama#cite_note-11]</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e le lesome le boraro , o ne a tsaya setilo sa gagwe mo Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba mme a ikana jaaka motlatsa-Tautona.<ref>"Botswana: Ian Khama takes parliamentary seat, sworn in as vice-president", SAPA news agency (nl.newsbank.com), 13 July 1998.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_Khama#cite_note-12]</ref>Ka ditiro tse, o ne a tlogela maemo a gagwe a go nna tlhogo ya morafe a a neng a ise a ke a a tseye, ka gore dikgosi tsa molaotheo tsa Botswana wa segompieno di thibetswe semolao go nna le seabe mo dipolotiking tsa makoko. Bontsi jwa Bamangwato ba setso ba ne ba tswelela go mo tsaya jaaka moeteledipele wa bone.<ref>[https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7325400.stm "Botswana's new high flyer"]. ''BBC''. 2 April 2008. Retrieved 21 May 2024.</ref> Morago ga phenyo ya Botswana Democratic Party (BDP) mo ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe (1999), Khama o ne a sala e le motlatsa-Tautona mmogo le Tona ya Merero ya BoTautona le Tsamaiso ya Setšhaba. <ref>Ernest Chilisa, [http://www.int.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&click_id=84&art_id=ct19991022203723103B320924 "Major shake-up after Botswana poll",] ''Saturday Star'' (''IOL''), 22 October 1999.</ref><ref>"Botswana: President Mogae appoints new cabinet", Radio Botswana (nl.newsbank.com), 21 October 1999.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_Khama#cite_note-15]</ref> Mogae o ne a fa Khama ngwaga o le mongwe wa khunologo moragonyana mo ngwageng oo, tshwetso e e neng ya tshwaiwa phoso thata ke lekoko la Botswana Congress Party<ref name=":0">"Botswana: President Mogae faces court action", PANA news agency (nl.newsbank.com), 23 December 1999.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_Khama#cite_note-Court-16]</ref><ref>"Botswana: Vice-president's year-long sabbatical leave criticized", PANA news agency (nl.newsbank.com), 3 January 2000.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_Khama#cite_note-Year-17]</ref>le Lekgotla la Botswana la Mekgatlho e e seng ya Puso. Khama's leave e ne ya simolola go dira ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e thola bongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi (2000).<ref name=":0" /> O ne a boela mo tirong ya gagwe jaaka motlatsa-Tautona ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e thola bongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi (2000), le fa a ne a emisediwa jaaka Tona ya Merero ya Tautona le Tsamaiso ya Setšhaba ka nako eo.<ref>"Botswana: Vice-president "resumes duty"; cabinet reshuffle reported", Radio Botswana (nl.newsbank.com), 30 August 2000.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_Khama#cite_note-18]</ref> Khama, yo e neng e setse e le leloko la BDP Central Committee,<ref name=":1">[http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=44427 "BOTSWANA: Feature{{spaced ndash}}leadership contest may test stability",] IRIN, 19 June 2003.</ref>o ne a tlhophiwa jaaka Modulasetilo wa BDP ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le boraro (2003) kwa bokopano jwa mokgatlho; o ne a fenya modulasetilo wa pele, [[Ponatshego Kedikilwe]], a amogela diboutu di le makgolo a matlhano le lesome le bobedi kgatlhanong le di le makgolo a mabedi le lesome le borobabongwe tsa Kedikilwe.Khama o ne a tshegeditswe ke Tautona Mogae mo maemong a gagwe, go bula tsela ya gore Khama kgabagare a tlhatlhame Mogae jaaka Tautona.<ref name=":1" /><ref>[http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=45114 "BOTSWANA: Khama win eases Mogae's concerns",] IRIN, 23 July 2003.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bosupa (2007), Khama o ne a tlhagelela mo thelebišeneng ya British mo thulaganyong ya dikoloi ya BBC ya Top Gear, a kopana le ba ba neng ba le teng fa ba ne ba ipaakanyetsa go kgabaganya Makgadikgadi Pan kwa bokone jwa Botswana ka koloi ya Top Gear: Botswana Special.[ 24] == BoTautona == === Paka ya nakwana, 2008 - 2009 === Mogae o ne a tlogela maemo a gagwe, jaaka a ne a boletse gore o tla dira jalo,[25] ka kgwedi ya Moranang e le bongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe (2008); Khama o ne a mo tlhatlhama jaaka moporesidente. Kwa moletlong wa gagwe wa go ikana kwa Gaborone, Khama o ne a re go tla nna le tswelelopele mo pholising mme ga go na "diphetogo tse di tseneletseng", le fa a rile "phetogo ya setaele le kgatelelo e e kgethegileng mo mererong e le mmalwa" e ka nna ya bonala, mme a gatelela boineelo jwa gagwe mo temokerasing. Ka bonako fela o ne a dira phetogo e kgolo mo kabineteng, mme a tlhoma Mompati Merafhe, yo e neng e le Tona ya Merero ya Selegae, jaaka motlatsa-moporesidente yo mošwa. Fa a sena go nna moporesidente, Khama o ne a tlogela maemo a gagwe jaaka Modulasetilo wa BDP; Daniel Kwelagobe o ne a tlhophiwa go mo emisetsa. Khama ga a ka a tlhophiwa go nna moporesidente mo ngwageng wa gagwe wa ntlha a le mo kantorong, o ne a tlhophiwa ka ntlha ya maemo a gagwe jaaka motlatsa moporesidente. Babegadikgang bangwe ba sepolotiki jaaka Kenneth Good ba bona seno jaaka phoso mo tsamaisong ya ditlhopho mo Botswana.[ 29] Moporesidente Khama o ne a tlhalosa ka tlhamalalo keletso ya gagwe ya go tlhoma lekgetho la bojalwa la 70%,[30] le le ikaeletsweng go lwantsha bothata jwa go nwa bojalwa go feta tekano kwa Botswana.[ Go ise go ye kae, go ne ga lemogiwa gore go duedisiwa lekgetho leo go ne go tla nna le ditlamorago tse di sa siamang mo madirelong a bojalwa, a a neng a gana go duedisiwa lekgetho leo, mmogo le dibareng le mafelo a mangwe a go nwa. Moragonyana Moporesitente o ne a tlhoma lekgetho la 30% morago ga go buisana le baeteledipele ba madirelo, go akaretsa le Botswana Confederation of Commerce, Industry and Manpower. SAB Miller o ne a tlhomamisa kemedi ya sedipolomate sa Borithane go leka go fokotsa lekgetho.[ 32] Ka ngwaga wa 2008, molao wa Media Practitioners Act o ne wa fetisetswa mo molaong wa Botswana,[33] mme o ne wa tshwaiwa diphoso jaaka o o kgoreletsang kgololosego ya puo ke metswedi e le mmalwa ya dikgang.[ Puo ya molao e batla go rotloetsa maemo a bobegadikgang a a nang le botswerere. Molao o itshupile o le bokete go o diragatsa kgotsa go o diragatsa.[ 35] Ka 2009, Khama o ne a tlhagelela mo go CNN's African Voices e e neng e bontsha setshwantsho se se siameng sa Khama, mme ya re Botswana ke "kgang ya katlego" ya Aforika. 36] Ditlhopho tsa 2009 Mo ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa Botswana tsa 2009, Khama o ne a tlhophiwa go nna moporesidente wa ntlha mo pakeng tse pedi. Ka tsela ya sepolotiki, letsholo la ditlhopho la ga Khama le ne le laolwa ke go ngangisana ga ka fa gare ga Botswana Democratic Party (BDP),[37] e e neng e kgaogantswe ka makoko a mabedi a magolo, A-Team[38] le makoko a Barata Phati.[ 39][40] A-Team e ne e eteletswe pele ke Moporesidente Khama, Jacob Nkate, yo e kileng ya bo e le tona ya thuto, le motlatsa moporesidente wa pele wa moswi Mompati Merafhe. Lekoko la Barata Phati le ne le eteletswe pele ke Mokwaledi Kakaretso wa BDP wa maloba Daniel Kwelagobe, yo pele e neng e le modulasetilo wa lekoko, moswi Gomolemo Motswaledi, le motlatsa moporesidente wa maloba yo o tlogetseng tiro Ponatshego Kedikilwe, yo o neng a eletsa go tlisa diphetogo tsa molaotheo eseng fela mo BDP mme gape le mo molaotheong wa naga. Pele ga ditlhopho tsa 2009, Motswaledi, yo a neng a tlogela maikemisetso a gagwe a go lwela setilo kwa Serowe gore a tle a kgone go bulela morwarraagwe Ian Khama, Tshekedi Khama II tsela, le ene o ne a sa letlelelwa go emela Gaborone fa a ne a thulana le Moporesitente Khama. [1] 41] Motswaledi o ne a latlhegelwa ke kgetsi kgatlhanong le Khama fa Kgotlatshekelo Kgolo e ne ya atlhola gore moporesidente o ne a itumelela tshireletso ya molaotheo go tswa mo kgotlatshekelo ka ntlha ya maemo a gagwe.[ 42] Morago ga tiragalo e, batshwayadiphoso ba ne ba latofatsa Khama ka go nna le mekgwa ya go busa ka thata; Go feta halofo ya BDP Central Committee ka nako nngwe ba ne ba akanya gore Khama o ne a dira go feta maatla a gagwe. [ 43] Ba bangwe, go akarediwa Khama le baemedi ba gagwe ba semolao, ba rile o ne a tsenya kgalemo fela jaaka karolo ya seabe sa gagwe jaaka tlhogo ya lekoko.[ 43] Khama o fentse 53.26% ya diboutu, le bontsi jwa ditulo mo Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba.[ 44] Paka ya ntlha, 2009 ⁇ 2014 Morago ga ditlhopho tsa 2009, Motswaledi o ne a tswa mo BDP go bopa lekoko le lengwe la sepolotiki, Botswana Movement for Democracy (BMD).[ 45] Khama o ne a baya thibelo ya go tsoma ditlou ka 2014. 46] Loso lwa ga John Kalifatis, yo loso lwa gagwe lo diragetseng ka nako ya dipatlisiso tsa bogodu, lo diragetse kwa tshimologong ya botlhogo jwa ga Khama. Polelo ya sepodisi ka ga Kalifatis e balega jaana: "Moswi, John Kalafatis, o ne a na le lekwalo la go mo tshwara le le neng le ntshitswe kgatlhanong le ene ka 12 Ferikgong 2009 ka ntlha ya bogodu jwa dibetsa gareng ga tse dingwe. Ka nako eo yotlhe, o ne a ntse a tshaba tshiamiso". Batlhankedi ba ba amegang ba ne ba bolela gore ba ne ba dumela ka phoso gore o ne a batla go tshwara tlhobolo ya gagwe ka nako ya go thuntshiwa. Metswedi e mengwe e ganetsa se, e bile e bolela gore Kalafatis o bolailwe ke maloko a Botswana Defense Force.[ Maloko a mararo a BDF a a neng a le molato wa loso lwa ga Kalifatis a ne a bonwa molato wa polao, mme mongwe le mongwe a atlholelwa dingwaga di le 11 mo kgolegelong. Ba amogetse boitshwarelo jwa mopresidente go tswa go Khama ka 2012. Se se ne sa bonwa jaaka bosupi ke metswedi mengwe gore Khama o ne a na le seabe mo polaong. Mmueledi wa mosekisi wa ga Kalifatis o ne a re "Ke eng se a se kgatlhegelang thata mo batlhaseding bano, re ka se belaele jang gore o ne a kgatlhegela kgetsi eno ka namana...?" 51] Ditlhopho tsa 2014 Mo ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa Botswana tsa 2014, Khama o ne a fenya paka ya gagwe ya bobedi. Lekoko la gagwe le amogetse 46.45% ya diboutu, le bontsi jwa ditulo mo Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba.[ Pele ga ditlhopho, radipolotiki wa kganetso Gomolemo Motswaledi o ne a tlhokafala mo thulanong ya pharakano ka 30 Phukwi 2014. Le fa go ne go na le kakanyo ya gore tiragalo e e ne e tlhotlhelediwa ke sepolotiki, mapodisi a ne a swetsa ka gore loso e ne e le kotsi. 53][54][55][56][57] Paka ya bobedi, 2014 ⁇ 2018 Ka ngwaga wa 2015, Khama o ne a fiwa kemo ya bongaka ya tlotlo mo go tsa saense ya sepolotiki go tswa kwa Yunibesithing ya Konkuk kwa Korea Borwa. 58] Morago ga go amogela degree, sereto sa semmuso sa ga Khama e ne e le "Motlotlegi Moporesitente Lefotenente Kakaretso Ngaka Seretse Khama Ian Khama". 59] Maikutlo a sepolotiki Khama o ne a nna kgatlhanong le puso ya Zimbabwe, segolo thata Robert Mugabe. O ne a dira jalo ka go gana go amogela puso ntle le fa e ne e na le maloko a Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) e e eteletsweng pele ke Morgan Tsvangirai. 61] Khama o ne gape a kgala tiro ya Tautona ya Sudan Omar al-Bashir mo kgaolong ya Darfur[2] mme a nna moganetsi wa dipuso tsa bosetlhogo mo Afrika mmogo le Tautona Jakaya Kikwete wa Tanzania le Tautona Levy Mwanawasa wa Zambia.[ 63] Khama o ne a tshwaiwa diphoso ke batho bangwe ka go tsaya ditshwetso tse di sa siamang, go akaretsa le moporesidente wa maloba Quett Masire, yo a neng a re BDP e ne ya tsewa ke batho ba ba batlang go solegelwa molemo ke maemo a a kwa godimo a puso. [1] 64] Ka fa tlase ga Khama, puso e tlhomile gape le Directorate of Intelligence and Security Services (DISS) e e nang le dithata tsa sepodisi, e e tsewang e le e e tshwanang le ya Botswana ya Federal Bureau of Investigation kwa United States. Le fa gone mofuta ono wa mekgatlho e se mosha e bile o fitlhelwa mo dinageng di le dintsi, o na le baganetsi kwa Botswana ba ba bolelang gore go na le matshosetsi a sekae fela a mo gae kana a a tsenang mo dinageng tse dingwe a mapodise le masole a sa kgoneng go a laola. Bangwe, go akaretswa le motsamaisi wa Open Society Initiative for Southern Africa, Siphosami Malunga, ba ne ba ganetsa gore setheo, se kwa tshimologong se neng se eteletswe pele ke tsala ya ga Moporesitente Khama, Issac Kgosi, se ka nna sa tsiediwa motlhofo le go dirisiwa kgatlhanong le baba ba sepolotiki kgotsa ba bangwe ba ba tshwayang Moporesitente kgotsa tsamaiso ya gagwe diphoso. 65] Mo letlhakoreng la ikonomi, Khama e ntse e le mmueledi wa go tlosa Botswana mo go ikaegeng thata ka ditaemane le go farologanya ikonomi ya yone, segolo thata mo lephateng la temothuo le bojanala. [ 66] Khama o ne a thibela go tsoma ditlou ka nako ya fa e ne e le poresidente, mme a tshegetsa maiteko a go di sireletsa kwa Botswana. Ka 2018, o ne a tshwaya phoso Moporesitente Donald Trump ka go rotloetsa go thukhutha ditlou.[ 67] E re ka Khama e ne e le motho yo o neng a sa nwe bojalwa, o ne a le kgatlhanong thata le bojalwa, a bo tsaya e le bothata jo bo masisi. 68] O ne a tsaya kgato e e gagametseng mo dikgannyeng tsa ditshwanelo tsa batho tsa kwa Korea Bokone. Morago ga go kgaola dikamano le Korea Bokone ka 2014 ka ntlha ya go tlola ditshwanelo tsa botho, o ne a tlhalosa bosetlhogo jwa ditshwanelo tsa botho mo bogosing jwa motshabi 'jo bo maswe go feta mathata a batshabi ba Aforika', segolobogolo ka nako ya leuba le legolo ka bo1990. O ne a fa Yonhap News Agency potsolotso ka nako ya ketelo ya gagwe kwa Seoul, South Korea ka 2015, a tshwaya diphoso baeteledipele ba Bokone ka go 'tshela mo nakong ya Stone Age' mme a bitsa ditiro tsa bona tsa go nna dikgoka di sa amogelesege. 69][70] Go tlogela tiro Ka di 1 Moranang 2018, Mokgweetsi Masisi o ne a ikana jaaka Moporesidente wa 5 wa Botswana, a tlhatlhama Ian Khama le dingwaga tsa gagwe tse di lesome tsa boporesidente. Morago ga go sa utlwane le Masisi ka makgetlo a le mmalwa, segolo thata go mo latofatsa ka go nna le mekgwa ya go busa ka tsela e e gagametseng,[71] Khama o ne a swetsa go tlogela BDP mme a tsenela Botswana Patriotic Front (BPF), e e neng e sa tswa go tlhamiwa e e neng e kgaogane le BDP. O ne a lwela BPF, e e neng ya fenya ditulo di le tharo mo ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa 2019 kwa kgaolong ya Serowe. [1] 72] Ka 2018, morago ga go tlogela maemo a boporesitente, Khama o ne a nna leloko la Boto ya Bolaodi ya Conservation International, e e leng mokgatlho wa kwa United States, o gape o dirang kwa Botswana. [1] 73] Ka 2021, Khama o ne a ya kwa botshwarong ka boene, ka nako eo a neng a bolela gore go ne go na le leano la go mo tsenya botlhole.[ 74] Ka Sedimonthole 2022 kgotlatshekelo ya kwa Botswana e ne ya ntsha lekwalo la go tshwara Khama ka ntlha ya go nna le dibetsa tse tlhano tse di seng ka fa molaong morago ga go retelelwa ke go tlhagelela kwa kgotlatshekelo. [ 75] Ka 13 Lwetse 2024, Ian Khama o ne a boela kwa Botswana morago ga dingwaga di le tharo a le kwa botshwarong, go tla go tlhagelela kwa kgotlatshekelo le go kopa go gololwa fa a santse a emetse tsheko.[ 76] Ka 30 Ngwanatsele 2024, o tsere maemo a gagwe gape jaaka Kgosikgolo wa BamaNgwato, a tsaya leina la bogosi Khama IV, mo gare ga meletlo kwa Serowe Sports Complex e e neng e tsenetswe ke batlotlegi ba bosetšhaba le ba boditšhabatšhaba, go khutlisa lekgolo la dingwaga la puso ya BamaNgwato. [ 77] Puso e e tlang morago ga ditlhopho tsa Botswana tsa 2024 e ne ya latlha ditatofatso tsa dibetsa, tse Khama a neng a re ke maano a sepolotiki a puso ya pele ya ga Masisi.[ 78] Ka 20 Pherekgong 2025, Khama o ne a ikana jaaka leloko la Ntlo ya Dikgosi, lekgotla la bagakolodi ba ditlhogo tsa boswa ba ba gakololang Palamente. 79] Ka Lwetse 2025, jaaka karolo ya leano la mokgatlho la go atamalana le Khama ka fa tlase ga boeteledipele jwa Mpho Balopi, BDP e ne ya itsise go phimolwa ga go lelekwa ga Khama ka 2019 go tswa mo mokgatlhong, ka go dira jalo ya busetsa botokololo jwa gagwe. [ 80] == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Tautona wa Botswana]] cvaducf2pi5oc5a1cveonh2v23whpqz 53574 53564 2026-07-29T16:59:22Z Lucrucia98 12161 53574 wikitext text/x-wiki  '''Seretse Khama Ian Khama'''; <ref>[http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?aid=57671&dir=2016/february/11 "President Khama has a new official name"]. ''Mmegi Online''. 11 February 2016. Retrieved 18 July 2017.</ref>o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e le masome a mabedi le bosupa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le boraro (1953) <ref>[http://www.pretorianews.co.za/index.php?fArticleId=4330211 "True to tradition, Khama is born to rule Botswana",] Sapa-AFP (''Pretoria News''), 1 April 2008.</ref>ke radipolotiki wa Motswana e bile e le modiredi wa pele wa sesole yo o kileng a nna Tautona wa bone wa Botswana go tloga ka kgwedi ya Moranang e thola bongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi (2008) go fitlha ka kgwedi ya [[Botswana Defence Force|Moranang]] e thola bongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi (2018). Morago ga go direla ele moeteledi pele wa sesole sa Botswana, o ne a tsenelela polotiki, abo a nna [[Mothusa Tautona wa Botswana|mothusa tautona wa Botswana]] go simolola ka ngwaga wa 1998 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi (2008), morago ga moo a tlhatlhama ppp[[Festus Mogae]] jaaka Tautona ka kgwedi ya Moranang e thola bongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi (2008). O fentse paka e e tletseng mo [[Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa 2009 tsa lefatshe la Botswana|ditlhophong tsa ngwaga wa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe(2009)]] mme a tlhophiwa gape ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014). <ref>{{Cite web |title=H.E. Lt General Serêtsê Khama Ian Khama {{!}} The AAS |url=https://www.aasciences.africa/fellow/he-lt-general-seretse-khama-ian-khama |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210416093446/https://www.aasciences.africa/fellow/he-lt-general-seretse-khama-ian-khama |archive-date=16 April 2021 |access-date=2021-04-16 |website=www.aasciences.africa}}</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe jwa pele == Ian Khama ke ngwana wa bobedi wa ga Seretse Khama (yo neng a tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e thola bongwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mabedi le bongwe (1921) a bo a tlhokafala ka kgwedi ya Phukwi le le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le borobabobedi (1980), moeteledipele wa Botswana wa boipuso le mopresidente wa gagwe go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le borataro (1966) go fitlha ka ngwaga wa sekete , makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi (1980), le Lady Khama. O belegetswe kwa Chertsey, Surrey, fa rraagwe a ne a nna kwa botshwarong kwa United Kingdom, ka ntlha ya kganetso ya puso ya bokoloniale le puso e e neng e sa tswa go tlhongwa ya tlhaolele mo Aforika Borwa ka ntlha ya lenyalo la gagwe le mosadi wa mosweu.<ref>Arnold, Guy (29 May 2002)[https://www.theguardian.com/news/2002/may/29/guardianobituaries . "Obituary: Lady Ruth Khama".] ''The Guardian''.</ref> Gape ke setlogolo sa ga [[Sekgoma II]] (o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi le masome a marataro le borobabongwe (1869) a bo a thokafala ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mabedi le botlhano (1925), yo e neng e le moeteledipele wa batho ba [[Bangwato|Bamangwato,]] le setlogolo sa ga [[Khama III]] (o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi le masome a mararo le bosupa (1837) a bo a thokafala ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mabedi le boraro (1923), kgosi ya bone. Rragomogolo wa gagwe wa Kgosikgolo Sekgoma I e ne e le tlhogo ya batho ba Bamangwato (o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi le lesome le botlhano (1815) a bo a thokafala ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi le masome a robabobedi le botlhano (1885). Leina "Seretse" le raya "mmu o o kopanyang" mme o ne wa fiwa rraagwe go keteka poelano ya ga rraagwe le rremogoloagwe; poelano eno e ne ya tlhomamisa gore Seretse Khama o tlhatlogela mo setulong sa bogosi fa rraagwe yo o tsofetseng a ne a tlhokafala ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mabedi le botlhano (1925). Ian Seretse Khama o teeletswe ka rraagwe go tsweletsa boswa jono jwa hisetori. Gape o itsiwe ka leina Ian Khama go farologanya ene le rraagwe. [[Tshekedi Khama II|Tshekedi Khama II,]] morwarraagwe Ian Khama, o ne a teeletswe ka malome wa bone, Tshekedi Khama yo e neng e le motlhokomedi le motlhokomedi wa ga [[Seretse Khama]], Tautona wa ntlha wa [[Botswana]].<ref>[https://www.sahistory.org.za/people/president-seretse-khama "President Seretse Khama &#x7C; South African History Online".] ''www.sahistory.org.za''.</ref> == Thuto le tiro ya sesole == Ian Khama o ne a rutwa kwa [[Waterford Kamhlaba]], United World College kwa [[Mbabane]],<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120414133341/http://www.waterford.sz/information/waterford_kamhlaba_background/ "Waterford Kamhlaba Background".] Archived from the original on 14 April 2012. Retrieved 23 December 2010.</ref>le kwa Royal Military Academy Sandhurst.<ref>[http://www.int.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&click_id=68&art_id=nw20080330125727131C535360 Gordon Bell "Botswana's leader to keep winning formula",] Reuters (''IOL''), 30 March 2008.</ref>Ke mokgweetsi wa sefofane yo o nang le bokgoni.<ref>[https://www.sundaystandard.info/inside-how-khamaocos-love-for-flying-took-away-botswanaocos-innocence/ "Inside how Khama's love for flying took away Botswana's innocence | Sunday Standard".] 11 November 2018. Retrieved 21 May 2024.</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Moranang wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bosupa (1977), Khama o ne a tlhophiwa jaaka brigadier general a le dingwaga di le masome a mabedi le bone ka nako ya Bo Tautona jwa ga [[Seretse Khama|Sir Seretse Khama]], a mo dira Motlatsa Molaodi wa Motlatsa Tautona wa maloba [[Lt. Gen. Mompati Merafh]]<nowiki/>e. Moragonyana o ne a direla jaaka Molaodi wa [[Botswana Defence Force (BDF)]] go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe (1989 )go fitlha ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi (1998). Ka nako eno, Khama o ne a amogela ditlotla tsa sesole, go akaretsa le Founder Officer Medal ka go nna karolo ya Botswana Defence Force fa e ne e tlhomiwa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bosupa (1977), Duty Code Order ka go ineela mo tirong, le Distinguished Service Medal ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bosupa (1997) morago ga dingwaga di le masome a mabedi tsa tirelo.<ref>[https://www.weekendpost.co.bw/18290/news/khama-barred-from-using-bdf-facilities/ "Khama barred from using BDF facilities".] ''Botswana Weekend Post''. 24 June 2019. Retrieved 21 May 2024.</ref> == Tiro ya sepolotiki == Khama ka nako ya ketelo ya semmuso kwa Chile ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bosupa (2017) Khama, yo o neng a direla jaaka Molaodi wa Botswana Defence Force, o ne a itsise ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bosupa (1997) gore o tla tlogela tiro ya gagwe ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e le masome a mararo le bongwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi (1998). Ka gore e ne e le letlha le le tshwanang le la go tlogela tiro ga Tautona Quett Masire, e ne ya tsosa dikakanyo tsa sepolotiki ka ga Khama.<ref>"Botswana: Army commander announces he will retire at end of March 1998", SAPA news agency (nl.newsbank.com), 18 December 1997. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_Khama#cite_note-10]</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e thola bongwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi (1998), fa Motlatsa-Tautona Festus Mogae a ne a tlhatlhama Masire jaaka Tautona, Khama o ne a tlhophiwa jaaka motlatsa-Tautona e yo mošwa. Le fa go ntse jalo, Khama o ne a se na setilo mo Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba, mme ka jalo o ne a sa kgone go simolola tiro ya gagwe jaaka motlatsa-Tautona . Kwa tshimologong ya kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi (1998) o ne a fenya ditlhopho ka bontsi kwa Serowe North, a amogela dithopho di le dikete tse pedi le makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borataro kgatlhanong le dithopho di le masome a robabobedi le borataro tsa moemedi wa lekoko la kganetso la Botswana National Front.<ref>"Botswana: Ian Khama wins by-election and can therefore be vice-president", SAPA news agency (nl.newsbank.com), 6 July 1998. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_Khama#cite_note-11]</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e le lesome le boraro , o ne a tsaya setilo sa gagwe mo Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba mme a ikana jaaka motlatsa-Tautona.<ref>"Botswana: Ian Khama takes parliamentary seat, sworn in as vice-president", SAPA news agency (nl.newsbank.com), 13 July 1998.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_Khama#cite_note-12]</ref>Ka ditiro tse, o ne a tlogela maemo a gagwe a go nna tlhogo ya morafe a a neng a ise a ke a a tseye, ka gore dikgosi tsa molaotheo tsa Botswana wa segompieno di thibetswe semolao go nna le seabe mo dipolotiking tsa makoko. Bontsi jwa Bamangwato ba setso ba ne ba tswelela go mo tsaya jaaka moeteledipele wa bone.<ref>[https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7325400.stm "Botswana's new high flyer"]. ''BBC''. 2 April 2008. Retrieved 21 May 2024.</ref> Morago ga phenyo ya Botswana Democratic Party (BDP) mo ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe (1999), Khama o ne a sala e le motlatsa-Tautona mmogo le Tona ya Merero ya BoTautona le Tsamaiso ya Setšhaba. <ref>Ernest Chilisa, [http://www.int.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&click_id=84&art_id=ct19991022203723103B320924 "Major shake-up after Botswana poll",] ''Saturday Star'' (''IOL''), 22 October 1999.</ref><ref>"Botswana: President Mogae appoints new cabinet", Radio Botswana (nl.newsbank.com), 21 October 1999.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_Khama#cite_note-15]</ref> Mogae o ne a fa Khama ngwaga o le mongwe wa khunologo moragonyana mo ngwageng oo, tshwetso e e neng ya tshwaiwa phoso thata ke lekoko la Botswana Congress Party<ref name=":0">"Botswana: President Mogae faces court action", PANA news agency (nl.newsbank.com), 23 December 1999.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_Khama#cite_note-Court-16]</ref><ref>"Botswana: Vice-president's year-long sabbatical leave criticized", PANA news agency (nl.newsbank.com), 3 January 2000.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_Khama#cite_note-Year-17]</ref>le Lekgotla la Botswana la Mekgatlho e e seng ya Puso. Khama's leave e ne ya simolola go dira ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e thola bongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi (2000).<ref name=":0" /> O ne a boela mo tirong ya gagwe jaaka motlatsa-Tautona ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e thola bongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi (2000), le fa a ne a emisediwa jaaka Tona ya Merero ya Tautona le Tsamaiso ya Setšhaba ka nako eo.<ref>"Botswana: Vice-president "resumes duty"; cabinet reshuffle reported", Radio Botswana (nl.newsbank.com), 30 August 2000.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_Khama#cite_note-18]</ref> Khama, yo e neng e setse e le leloko la BDP Central Committee,<ref name=":1">[http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=44427 "BOTSWANA: Feature{{spaced ndash}}leadership contest may test stability",] IRIN, 19 June 2003.</ref>o ne a tlhophiwa jaaka Modulasetilo wa BDP ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le boraro (2003) kwa bokopano jwa mokgatlho; o ne a fenya modulasetilo wa pele, [[Ponatshego Kedikilwe]], a amogela diboutu di le makgolo a matlhano le lesome le bobedi kgatlhanong le di le makgolo a mabedi le lesome le borobabongwe tsa Kedikilwe.Khama o ne a tshegeditswe ke Tautona Mogae mo maemong a gagwe, go bula tsela ya gore Khama kgabagare a tlhatlhame Mogae jaaka Tautona.<ref name=":1" /><ref>[http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=45114 "BOTSWANA: Khama win eases Mogae's concerns",] IRIN, 23 July 2003.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bosupa (2007), Khama o ne a tlhagelela mo thelebišeneng ya British mo thulaganyong ya dikoloi ya BBC ya Top Gear, a kopana le ba ba neng ba le teng fa ba ne ba ipaakanyetsa go kgabaganya [[Makgadikgadi Pan]] kwa bokone jwa Botswana ka koloi ya Top Gear: Botswana Special.<ref>[[:en:Top_Gear:_Botswana_Special|Top Gear: Botswana Special, Top Gear Series 10, episode 4, BBC]], broadcast 4 November 2007.</ref> == BoTautona == === Paka ya nakwana, 2008 - 2009 === Mogae o ne a tlogela maemo a gagwe, jaaka a ne a boletse gore o tla dira jalo,<ref>[http://www.int.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&click_id=84&art_id=nw20070715145732985C233999 "Botswana's Mogae set to retire"], AFP (''IOL''), 15 July 2007.</ref>ka kgwedi ya Moranang e le bongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi (2008); Khama o ne a mo tlhatlhama jaaka Tautona. Kwa moletlong wa gagwe wa go ikana kwa Gaborone, Khama o ne a re go tla nna le tswelelopele mo pholising mme ga go na "diphetogo tse di tseneletseng", le fa a rile "phetogo ya setaele le kgatelelo e e kgethegileng mo mererong e le mmalwa" e ka nna ya bonala, mme a gatelela boineelo jwa gagwe mo temokerasing.<ref>[http://www.int.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&click_id=3045&art_id=nw20080401141813169C274076 "New president calms nerves",] AFP (''IOL''), 1 April 2008.</ref> Ka bonako fela o ne a dira phetogo e kgolo mo kabineteng, mme a tlhoma [[Mompati Merafhe,]] yo e neng e le Tona ya Merero ya Selegae, jaaka mothusa-Tautona yo mošwa.<ref>[http://www.mmegi.bw/2008/April/Wednesday2/129.php "Khama fires five ministers"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171001212957/http://www.mmegi.bw/2008/April/Wednesday2/129.php|date=2017-10-01}}, ''Mmegi Online'', 2 April 2008.</ref> Fa a sena go nna Tautona, Khama o ne a tlogela maemo a gagwe jaaka Modulasetilo wa BDP; [[Daniel Kwelagobe]] o ne a tlhophiwa go mo emisetsa.<ref>[http://www.gov.bw/cgi-bin/news.cgi?d=20080408&i=DK_is_BDP_chairman "DK is BDP chairman",] BOPA, 8 April 2008.</ref> Khama ga a ka a tlhophiwa go nna Tautona mo ngwageng wa gagwe wa ntlha a le mo kantorong, o ne a tlhophiwa ka ntlha ya maemo a gagwe jaaka motlatsa Tautona. Babegadikgang bangwe ba sepolotiki jaaka [[Kenneth Good]] ba bona seno jaaka phoso mo tsamaisong ya ditlhopho mo Botswana.<ref>Good, Kenneth (2008). ''Diamonds, Dispossession and Democracy in Botswana''. London: African Issues [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_Khama#cite_note-29]</ref> Tautona Khama o ne a tlhalosa ka tlhamalalo keletso ya gagwe ya go tlhoma lekgetho la bojalwa la 70%,<ref name=":2">Pitso, Joseph M. N.; Obot, Isidore S. (2011). "Botswana alcohol policy and the presidential levy controversy". ''Addiction''. '''106''' (5): 898–905. doi:[[doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2011.03365.x|10.1111/j.1360-0443.2011.03365.x]]. ISSN&#x20;1360-0443. PMID&#x20;21477246.</ref>le le ikaeletsweng go lwantsha bothata jwa go nwa bojalwa go feta tekano kwa Botswana.<ref name=":2" />Go ise go ye kae, go ne ga lemogiwa gore go duedisiwa lekgetho leo go ne go tla nna le ditlamorago tse di sa siamang mo madirelong a bojalwa, a a neng a gana go duedisiwa lekgetho leo, mmogo le dibareng le mafelo a mangwe a go nwa. Moragonyana Tautona o ne a tlhoma lekgetho la 30% morago ga go buisana le baeteledipele ba madirelo, go akaretsa le Botswana Confederation of Commerce, Industry and Manpower. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250304230715/https://clubofmozambique.com/news/khama-the-jihadist-who-battled-alcohol/ "Khama, the jihadist who battled alcohol"]. ''Club of Mozambique''. 22 March 2016. Archived from the original on 4 March 2025. Retrieved 11 June 2020.</ref>[[SAB Miller]] o ne a tlhomamisa kemedi ya sedipolomate sa Borithane go leka go fokotsa lekgetho.<ref>[https://www.ft.com/content/dc6381e4-3e90-11de-9a6c-00144feabdc0 "Botswana sobers up"]. ''Financial Times''.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi (2008), molao wa Media Practitioners Act o ne wa fetisetswa mo molaong wa Botswana,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240226132956/https://www.researchictafrica.net/countries/botswana/Media_Practitioners_Act_2008.pdf "Media Practitioners Act, 2008"] (PDF). Parliament of Botswana. 22 December 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 February 2024. Retrieved 10 June 2020.</ref>mme o ne wa tshwaiwa diphoso jaaka o o kgoreletsang kgololosego ya puo ke metswedi e le mmalwa ya dikgang.<ref>[http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?aid=80548&dir=2019/april/15 "Mmegi Online :: Media Practitioners Act: MISA disappointed".] ''Mmegi Online''. 15 April 2019</ref>Puo ya molao e batla go rotloetsa maemo a bobegadikgang a a nang le botswerere. Molao o itshupile o le bokete go o diragatsa kgotsa go o diragatsa.<ref>Lesemela, Keikantse (29 January 2019). [https://web.archive.org/web/20211203222748/https://www.botswanaguardian.co.bw/news/item/3957-pressure-mounts-on-masisi-to-repeal-draconian-media-practitioners-act.html "Pressure mounts on Masisi to repeal draconian Media Practitioners' Act".] ''Botswana Guardian''. Archived from the original on 3 December 2021. Retrieved 10 June 2020.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe (2009), Khama o ne a tlhagelela mo go [[CNN's African Voices]] e e neng e bontsha setshwantsho se se siameng sa Khama, mme ya re Botswana ke "kgang ya katlego" ya Aforika.<ref>[https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/03/05/av.iankhama/index.html "African Voices: Ian Khama".] ''CNN''</ref> === Ditlhopho tsa 2009 === Mo ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa Botswana tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe (2009), Khama o ne a tlhophiwa go nna Tautona wa ntlha mo pakeng tse pedi. Ka tsela ya sepolotiki, letsholo la ditlhopho la ga Khama le ne le laolwa ke go ngangisana ga ka fa gare ga [[Botswana Democratic Party]] (BDP),<ref>[http://www.times.co.sz/feed/letters/8999-is-multi-party-politics-democracy.txt "Is Multi-Party Politics Democracy?"]. ''Times Of Swaziland''. 6 September 2009</ref>e e neng e kgaogantswe ka makoko a mabedi a magolo, A-Team<ref>[http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=1&aid=1122&dir=2010/March/Monday22/ "Mmegi Online :: The BDP split: End of an era?"]. ''Mmegi Online''. 22 March 2010. Retrieved 25 May 2020</ref> le makoko a Barata Phati.<ref>Lotshwao, Kebapetse (2014). [[doi:10.2139/ssrn.2497797|"Donor Assistance and Democracy in Botswana".]] ''SSRN Working Paper Series''. doi:10.2139/ssrn.2497797. ISSN&#x20;1556-5068. S2CID&#x20;155532700.</ref><ref>[http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=1&aid=1904&dir=2010/April/Friday23 "Mmegi Online :: We are almost there: Barata-Phathi"]. ''Mmegi Online''. 23 April 2010. Retrieved 25 May 2020</ref>A-Team e ne e eteletswe pele ke Tautona Khama, [[Jacob Nkate]], yo e kileng ya bo e le tona ya thuto, le motlatsa Tautona wa pele wa moswi [[Mompati Merafhe]]. Lekoko la Barata Phati le ne le eteletswe pele ke Mokwaledi Kakaretso wa BDP wa maloba [[Daniel Kwelagobe]], yo pele e neng e le modulasetilo wa lekoko, moswi Gomolemo Motswaledi, le motlatsa Tautona wa maloba yo o tlogetseng tiro [[Ponatshego Kedikilwe]], yo o neng a eletsa go tlisa diphetogo tsa molaotheo eseng fela mo BDP mme gape le mo molaotheong wa naga. Pele ga ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe (2009), Motswaledi, yo a neng a tlogela maikemisetso a gagwe a go lwela setilo kwa Serowe gore a tle a kgone go bulela morwarraagwe Ian Khama, Tshekedi Khama II tsela, le ene o ne a sa letlelelwa go emela Gaborone fa a ne a thulana le Tautona Khama.<ref>Botlhomilwe, Mokganedi Zara; Sebudubudu, David; Maripe, Bugalo (2011). "Limited freedom and intolerance in Botswana". ''Journal of Contemporary African Studies''. '''29''' (3): 331–348. doi:[[doi:10.1080/02589001.2011.581501|10.1080/02589001.2011.581501]]. S2CID&#x20;153771262.</ref> Motswaledi o ne a latlhegelwa ke kgetsi kgatlhanong le Khama fa Kgotlatshekelo Kgolo e ne ya atlhola gore Tautona o ne a itumelela tshireletso ya molaotheo go tswa mo kgotlatshekelo ka ntlha ya maemo a gagwe.<ref>Party Systems and Democracy in Africa, Doorenspleet, R., Nijzink, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_Khama#cite_note-42]</ref>Morago ga tiragalo e, batshwayadiphoso ba ne ba latofatsa Khama ka go nna le mekgwa ya go busa ka thata; Go feta halofo ya BDP Central Committee ka nako nngwe ba ne ba akanya gore Khama o ne a dira go feta maatla a gagwe.<ref name=":3">[https://www.sundaystandard.info/khama-reinstates-motswaledi/ "Khama reinstates Motswaled".] ''Sunday Standard''. 1 September 2009.</ref>Ba bangwe, go akarediwa Khama le baemedi ba gagwe ba semolao, ba rile o ne a tsenya kgalemo fela jaaka karolo ya seabe sa gagwe jaaka tlhogo ya lekoko.<ref name=":3" /> Khama o fentse 53.26% ya diboutu, le bontsi jwa ditulo mo bokopano jwa setšhaba.<ref>[https://www.eisa.org/wep/bot2009presults.htm "EISA Botswana: 2009 National Assembly election results".] ''www.eisa.org''.</ref> === Paka ya ntlha, 2009-2014 === Morago ga ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe (2009), Motswaledi o ne a tswa mo BDP go bopa lekoko le lengwe la sepolotiki, [[Botswana Movement for Democracy]] (BMD).<ref>Lotshwao, Kebapetse; Suping, Kekgaoditse (2013). [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/310771824 "The 2010 split of the Botswana Democratic Party"]. ''Botswana Journal of African Studies'' (27). PULA &#x2013; via ResearchGate.</ref> Khama o ne a baya thibelo ya go tsoma ditlou ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014).<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-51413420 "Botswana auctions off permits to hunt elephants"]. ''BBC News''. 7 February 2020.</ref> Loso lwa ga John Kalifatis, yo loso lwa gagwe lo diragetseng ka nako ya dipatlisiso tsa bogodu, lo diragetse kwa tshimologong ya botlhogo jwa ga Khama.<ref>[https://bulawayo24.com/index-id-news-sc-africa-byo-69629.html "Who murdered Botswana's John Kalafatis".] ''Bulawayo24 News''.</ref> Polelo ya sepodisi ka ga Kalifatis e balega jaana: "Moswi, John Kalafatis, o ne a na le lekwalo la go mo tshwara le le neng le ntshitswe kgatlhanong le ene ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e le lesome le bobedi ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe (2009) ka ntlha ya bogodu jwa dibetsa gareng ga tse dingwe. Ka nako eo yotlhe, o ne a ntse a tshaba tshiamiso".<ref name=":4">[https://web.archive.org/web/20200610220632/http://www.elaws.gov.bw/desplaylrpage.php?id=4601&dsp=2 "STATE v MOTHOBI AND OTHERS 2011 2 BLR 330 HC"]. ''High Court, Lobatse''. 22 June 2011. Archived from the original on 10 June 2020.</ref>Batlhankedi ba ba amegang ba ne ba bolela gore ba ne ba dumela ka phoso gore o ne a batla go tshwara tlhobolo ya gagwe ka nako ya go thuntshiwa.<ref>PIET, BAME (31 March 2017). [http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?aid=67880&dir=2017/march/31 "Mmegi Online :: Kalafatis brother demands P16million from govt"]. ''Mmegi Online''.</ref> Metswedi e mengwe e ganetsa se, e bile e bolela gore Kalafatis o bolailwe ke maloko a Botswana Defense Force. <ref>PIET, BAME (31 March 2017). [http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?aid=67880&dir=2017/march/31 "Mmegi Online :: Kalafatis brother demands P16million from govt"]. ''Mmegi Online''.</ref>Maloko a mararo a BDF a a neng a le molato wa loso lwa ga Kalifatis a ne a bonwa molato wa polao, mme mongwe le mongwe a atlholelwa dingwaga di le lesome le motso mo kgolegelong.<ref name=":4" /> Ba amogetse boitshwarelo jwa mopresidente go tswa go Khama ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bobedi(2012). Se se ne sa bonwa jaaka bosupi ke metswedi mengwe gore Khama o ne a na le seabe mo polaong.<ref>[http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=1&aid=763&dir=2012/June/Tuesday5 "Mmegi Online :: Khama frees Kalafatis killers"]. ''Mmegi Online''. 8 March 2010.</ref> Mmueledi wa mosekisi wa ga Kalifatis o ne a re "Ke eng se a se kgatlhegelang thata mo batlhaseding bano, re ka se belaele jang gore o ne a kgatlhegela kgetsi eno ka namana...?"<ref>[https://www.sundaystandard.info/khama-sets-kalafatis-killers-free/ "Khama sets Kalafatis killers free"]. ''Sunday Standard''. 7 June 2012.</ref> == Ditlhopho tsa 2014 == Mo ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa Botswana tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014), Khama o ne a fenya paka ya gagwe ya bobedi. Lekoko la gagwe le amogetse 46.45% ya diboutu, le bontsi jwa ditulo mo Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba.<ref>[https://www.eisa.org/wep/bot2014results.htm "EISA Botswana: 2014 National Assembly election results".] ''www.eisa.or''</ref>Pele ga ditlhopho, radipolotiki wa kganetso [[Gomolemo Motswaledi]] o ne a tlhokafala mo thulanong ya pharakano ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e le masome a mararo ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014). Le fa go ne go na le kakanyo ya gore tiragalo e e ne e tlhotlhelediwa ke sepolotiki, mapodisi a ne a swetsa ka gore loso e ne e le kotsi. <ref>[https://www.sundaystandard.info/diss-whistleblower-claims-motswaledi-was-assassinated/ "DISS whistleblower claims Motswaledi was assassinated".] ''Sunday Standard''. 1 September 2014.</ref><ref>[http://www.bulawayo24.com/index-id-news-sc-africa-byo-51431.html "President Khama election rival killed in car accident".] Bulawayo24 News. 30 July 2014. Retrieved 30 July 2014.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150923212614/http://www.dailynews.gov.bw/news-details.php?nid=13332 "Gomolemo Motswaledi passes on"]. ''Botswana Daily News''. Radio Botswana. 30 July 2014. Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 30 July 2014.</ref><ref name=":5">[http://www.bulawayo24.com/index-id-news-sc-africa-byo-51601.html "Gomolemo Motswaledi killed?".] ''Bulawayo24''. Bulabayo24. 3 August 2014. Retrieved 3 August 2014.</ref><ref name=":5" /><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140808072823/http://www.botswanaguardian.co.bw/news/971-was-motswaledi-killed.html "Was Gomolemo Motswaledi killed?".] ''Botswana Guardian''. Botswana Guardian. 3 August 2014. Archived from the original on 8 August 2014. Retrieved 3 August 2014.</ref> === Paka ya bobedi, 2014-2018 === Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015), Khama o ne a fiwa kemo ya bongaka ya tlotlo mo go tsa saense ya sepolotiki go tswa kwa Yunibesithing ya Konkuk kwa Korea Borwa.<ref>[http://www.botswanaguardian.co.bw/news/item/1565-dr-ian-khama-the-politics-ofhonorary-degrees.html "Dr Ian Khama; the politics of honorary degrees – Botswana Guardian".] ''www.botswanaguardian.co.bw''.</ref>Morago ga go amogela degree, sereto sa semmuso sa ga Khama e ne e le "Motlotlegi Tautona Lefotenente Kakaretso Ngaka Seretse Khama Ian Khama".<ref>[http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?aid=57671&dir=2016/february/11 "Mmegi Online :: President Khama has a new official name".] ''Mmegi Online''. 11 February 2016.</ref> === Maikutlo a sepolotiki === Khama o ne a nna kgatlhanong le puso ya Zimbabwe, segolo thata [[Robert Mugabe]]. <ref>[["Botswana's Khama tells Mugabe to go"]]. ''Reuters''. 17 November 2017 &#x2013; via www.reuters.com.</ref>O ne a dira jalo ka go gana go amogela puso ntle le fa e ne e na le maloko a [[Movement for Democratic Change]] (MDC) e e eteletsweng pele ke [[Morgan Tsvangirai.]] <ref>Banya, Nelson (14 August 2008). [https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-zimbabwe-crisis-idUKWEA608420080814 "Khama to boycott summit if no Zimbabwe deal".] ''Reuters'' &#x2013; via www.reuters.com.</ref>Khama o ne gape a kgala tiro ya Tautona ya Sudan Omar al-Bashir mo kgaolong ya Darfur<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200610204521/http://iccnow.org/?mod=newsdetail&news=3368 Article Title]</ref>mme a nna moganetsi wa dipuso tsa bosetlhogo mo Afrika mmogo le Tautona Jakaya Kikwete wa Tanzania le Tautona Levy Mwanawasa wa Zambia.<ref>[https://www.thezimbabwean.co/2008/05/liberation-leaders-who-become-tyrants/ "Liberation leaders who become tyrants".] ''www.thezimbabwean.co''. Retrieved 21 May 2024.</ref> Khama o ne a tshwaiwa diphoso ke batho bangwe ka go tsaya ditshwetso tse di sa siamang, go akaretsa le Tautona wa maloba Quett Masire, yo a neng a re BDP e ne ya tsewa ke batho ba ba batlang go solegelwa molemo ke maemo a a kwa godimo a puso.<ref>Morton, Barry. [https://www.academia.edu/33661982 "President Masire's Final Message to Botswana"] &#x2013; via www.academia.edu</ref> Ka fa tlase ga Khama, puso e tlhomile gape le Directorate of Intelligence and Security Services (DISS) e e nang le dithata tsa sepodisi, e e tsewang e le e e tshwanang le ya Botswana ya Federal Bureau of Investigation kwa United States. Le fa gone mofuta ono wa mekgatlho e se mosha e bile o fitlhelwa mo dinageng di le dintsi, o na le baganetsi kwa Botswana ba ba bolelang gore go na le matshosetsi a sekae fela a mo gae kana a a tsenang mo dinageng tse dingwe a mapodise le masole a sa kgoneng go a laola. Bangwe, go akaretswa le motsamaisi wa Open Society Initiative for Southern Africa, Siphosami Malunga, ba ne ba ganetsa gore setheo, se kwa tshimologong se neng se eteletswe pele ke tsala ya ga Tautona Khama, Issac Kgosi, se ka nna sa tsiediwa motlhofo le go dirisiwa kgatlhanong le baba ba sepolotiki kgotsa ba bangwe ba ba tshwayang Tautona kgotsa tsamaiso ya gagwe diphoso.<ref>[https://www.theafricareport.com/16645/botswana-unravels-unmasking-africas-democracy-poster-child/ "Botswana unravels: unmasking Africa's democracy poster child"]. ''The Africa Report.com''. 28 August 2019.</ref> Mo letlhakoreng la ikonomi, Khama e ntse e le mmueledi wa go tlosa Botswana mo go ikaegeng thata ka ditaemane le go farologanya ikonomi ya yone, segolo thata mo lephateng la temothuo le bojanala.<ref>[https://www.sardc.net/en/southern-african-news-features/botswana-determined-to-diversify-its-economy/ "Botswana determined to diversify its economy".] 13 October 2009.</ref> Khama o ne a thibela go tsoma ditlou ka nako ya fa e ne e le tautona, mme a tshegetsa maiteko a go di sireletsa kwa Botswana. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2018), o ne a tshwaya phoso [[Tautona Donald Trump]] ka go rotloetsa go thukhutha ditlou.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-43435013 "Botswana's Ian Khama: Trump encouraging elephant poaching".] ''BBC News''. 16 March 2018.</ref> E re ka Khama e ne e le motho yo o neng a sa nwe bojalwa, o ne a le kgatlhanong thata le bojalwa, a bo tsaya e le bothata jo bo masisi. <ref>[https://www.healthdata.org/news-events/insights-blog/acting-data/president-ian-khama-emboldened-evidence-reduce-harms-alcohol "President Ian Khama: Emboldened by evidence to reduce harms of alcohol use in Botswana".] Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. 11 May 2015. Retrieved 9 January 2025.</ref> O ne a tsaya kgato e e gagametseng mo dikgannyeng tsa ditshwanelo tsa batho tsa kwa Korea Bokone. Morago ga go kgaola dikamano le Korea Bokone ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014) ka ntlha ya go tlola ditshwanelo tsa botho, o ne a tlhalosa bosetlhogo jwa ditshwanelo tsa botho mo bogosing jwa motshabi 'jo bo maswe go feta mathata a batshabi ba Aforika', segolobogolo ka nako ya leuba le legolo ka bo ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe (1990). O ne a fa Yonhap News Agency potsolotso ka nako ya ketelo ya gagwe kwa Seoul, South Korea ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015), a tshwaya diphoso baeteledipele ba Bokone ka go 'tshela mo nakong ya Stone Age' mme a bitsa ditiro tsa bona tsa go nna dikgoka di sa amogelesege.<ref>[https://cnnews.chosun.com/client/news/print.asp?cate=c01&mcate=&nNewsNumb=20140338965 "北韩人权惨无人道 竟不如非洲难民 韩国之眼 朝鲜日报网"] (in Korean).</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20151024165837/http://www.yonhapnews.co.kr/bulletin/2015/10/23/0200000000AKR20151023161000043.HTML "보츠와나 대통령 "北 인권후퇴, 관계유지 가치 없었다""] (in Korean). 23 October 2015. Archived from the original on 24 October 2015.</ref> == Go tlogela tiro == Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e thola bongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2018), [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]] o ne a ikana jaaka Tautona wa botlhano wa Botswana, a tlhatlhama Ian Khama le dingwaga tsa gagwe tse di lesome tsa boporesidente. Morago ga go sa utlwane le Masisi ka makgetlo a le mmalwa, segolo thata go mo latofatsa ka go nna le mekgwa ya go busa ka tsela e e gagametseng,<ref>[https://www.ft.com/content/b7362496-f71a-11e9-9ef3-eca8fc8f2d65 "President Mokgweetsi Masisi holds on to power in Botswana poll".] ''Financial Times''. 25 October 2019.</ref> Khama o ne a swetsa go tlogela BDP mme a tsenela Botswana Patriotic Front (BPF), e e neng e sa tswa go tlhamiwa e e neng e kgaogane le BDP. O ne a lwela BPF, e e neng ya fenya ditulo di le tharo mo ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019) kwa kgaolong ya Serowe.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/place/Botswana "Botswana – Botswana since independence".] ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 26 May 2020.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2018), morago ga go tlogela maemo a botautona, Khama o ne a nna leloko la Boto ya Bolaodi ya Conservation International, e e leng mokgatlho wa kwa United States, o gape o dirang kwa Botswana.<ref>Co, Maverick Maven (25 July 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20190520100700/http://botswanaunplugged.com/10895/khama-joins-conservation-international-as-a-distinguished-fellow/ "Khama joins Conservation International as a Distinguished Fellow"]. ''BotswanaUnplugged''. Archived from the original on 20 May 2019. Retrieved 23 May 2020.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bongwe (2021), Khama o ne a ya kwa botshwarong ka boene, ka nako eo a neng a bolela gore go ne go na le leano la go mo tsenya botlhole.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c4gr0p1000go "How friends became foes in Africa's diamond state".] ''BBC News''. 9 October 2024. Retrieved 9 October 2024.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi (2022) kgotlatshekelo ya kwa Botswana e ne ya ntsha lekwalo la go tshwara Khama ka ntlha ya go nna le dibetsa tse tlhano tse di seng ka fa molaong morago ga go retelelwa ke go tlhagelela kwa kgotlatshekelo.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-64124882 "Ian Khama: Botswana issues arrest warrant for former president".] ''BBC News''. 30 December 2022. Retrieved 31 December 2022.</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024), Ian Khama o ne a boela kwa Botswana morago ga dingwaga di le tharo a le kwa botshwarong, go tla go tlhagelela kwa kgotlatshekelo le go kopa go gololwa fa a santse a emetse tsheko.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cd0509kke8mo.amp "Surprise return to Botswana by ex-president to face trial"]. ''BBC News''. 13 September 2024. Retrieved 14 September 2024.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e le masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024), o tsere maemo a gagwe gape jaaka Kgosikgolo wa BamaNgwato, a tsaya leina la bogosi Khama IV, mo gare ga meletlo kwa Serowe Sports Complex e e neng e tsenetswe ke batlotlegi ba bosetšhaba le ba boditšhabatšhaba, go khutlisa lekgolo la dingwaga la puso ya BamaNgwato.<ref>Sechele, Sechele (22 November 2024). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/khama-iv-finally-breaks-bangwato-royal-jinx/news "Khama IV finally breaks BaNgwato royal jinx".] ''Mmegi''. Mahalapye. Retrieved 26 January 2025.</ref>Puso e e tlang morago ga ditlhopho tsa Botswana tsa 2024 e ne ya latlha ditatofatso tsa dibetsa, tse Khama a neng a re ke maano a sepolotiki a puso ya pele ya ga Masisi.<ref>Makhaiza, Larona (2 December 2024). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/still-not-safe-for-tshekedi-and-anthony/news "'Still not safe for Tshekedi and Anthony'".] ''Mmegi''. Retrieved 26 January 2025.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e le masome a mabedi ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025), Khama o ne a ikana jaaka leloko la Ntlo ya Dikgosi, lekgotla la bagakolodi ba ditlhogo tsa boswa ba ba gakololang Palamente. <ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=98QCPvLy1QA "Ian Khama Returns as Paramount Chief Sworn into Ntlo ya Dikgosi".] ''SnapFlash''. 21 January 2025. Retrieved 26 January 2025.</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano (2025), jaaka karolo ya leano la mokgatlho la go atamalana le Khama ka fa tlase ga boeteledipele jwa Mpho Balopi, BDP e ne ya itsise go phimolwa ga go lelekwa ga Khama ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019) go tswa mo mokgatlhong, ka go dira jalo ya busetsa botokololo jwa gagwe. <ref>Basimanebotlhe, Tsaone (25 September 2025). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/bdp-rescinds-khamas-membership-termination/news "BDP rescinds Khama's membership termination".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 25 September 2025</ref> == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Tautona wa Botswana]] gynymues54bmy7rp1b4cu68q3ya7ylc 0 3520 53590 52750 2026-07-29T21:31:03Z Lucrucia98 12161 53590 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Legislature |name = National Assembly of Botswana |legislature = |background_color=#3333FF |text_color=#FFFFFF |coa_pic = Arms of Botswana.svg |session_room = |house_type = Lower house |structure1 = 2009BotswanaNationalAssembly.png |structure1_res = 250px |leader1_type = |leader1 = |party1 = |election1 = October 16, 2009 |leader2_type = |leader2 = |party2 = |election2 = |leader4_type = |leader4 = |party4 = |election4 = |members = 61 plus 2 non-voting members |political_groups1 ={{colorbox|#FF0000}} [[Botswana Democratic Party]] <br>{{colorbox|#FFB6C1}} Co-opted Members <br>{{colorbox|#FFBF00}} [[Botswana National Front]] <br>{{colorbox|#008000}} [[Botswana Congress Party]] <br>{{colorbox|#0000FF}} [[Botswana Alliance Movement]] <br>{{colorbox|#808080}} [[Independent (politician)|Independent]] |last_election1 = [[Botswana general election, 2009|October 16, 2009]] |meeting_place = |website = http://www.parliament.gov.bw/ }} {{Politics of Botswana}} '''Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana''' ke molao motheo wa lefatshe botswana yo o etleletseng pele palamente. E gakololwa ke yo o eteletseng pele ntlo ya dikgosi ,e e seng ntlo ya palamente. Khudutlhamaga ya gompieno , e ne ya tshegetsa ditlhopho tse di neng di tshwerwe ka Phalane a tlhola lesome le boratarongwaga wa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe,e nale maloko a le masome a borataro le boraro .ba le masome a botlhano le bosupa ba ne ba tlhophiwa ke setshaba mo dikgaolwaneng .<ref>Botlhale, Emmanuel; Lotshwao, Kebapetse (2013). "The Uneasy Relationship Between Parliament and the Executive in Botswana". ''Botswana Notes and Records''. '''45''': 39–51. JSTOR[https://www.jstor.org/stable/90024373 &#x20;90024373.]</ref> Fa ba le bane bone ba tlhphilwe ka (sephiri ke khudutlhamaga e e leng teng) fa ba le babedi bone ba tlhophilwe ke (tautona gape le badiri ba melao .<ref>Norton, Philip (21 December 2004). "How many bicameral legislatures are there?". ''The Journal of Legislative Studies''. '''10''' (4): 1–9. doi:10.[[doi:10.1080/1357233042000322436|1080/1357233042000322436]]. S2CID&#x20;143950774.</ref> Le fa go ne go na le ba ba neng ba dira pele ga bokopano jwa setšhaba ka nako ya puso ya bokoloniale, e ne e se go fitlha ka boipuso ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le borataro (1966) fa Kokoano Bosetšhaba ya Botswana e ne ya tlhomiwa semmuso. <ref>Lewis, Stephen R. Jr. [https://www.carleton.edu/president/lewis/speeches-writings/botswana-success/ "Explaining Botswana's Success: The Importance of Culture - Carleton College".] ''www.carleton.edu''. Retrieved 2022-03-10.</ref><ref name=":0">Tesfahun, Amsalu Tebeje (2015). "[https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ejossah/article/view/134622 The Endurance and Decline of Single Party Dominance in African States: A Case Study of Botswana and Senegal"]. ''Ethiopian Journal of the Social Sciences and Humanities''. '''11''' (1): 1–28.</ref>Go tloga ka nako eo, go nnile le ditlhopho tsa makoko a le mantsi tse di latelanang le diphetogo di le tlhano tsa tautona ka kagiso.<ref>[https://africasacountry.com/2016/10/botswana-at-50-african-miracle-or-african-mirage "Botswana: African miracle or African mirage?"]. ''africasacountry.com''. 4 March 2018. Retrieved 2022-03-10.</ref><ref name=":0" /> Ga jaana, go na le maloko a le masome a marataro le botlhano a bokopano jwa setšhaba.<ref>[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/10/25/botswanas-ruling-party-bdp-wins-general-election-chief-justice "Botswana's ruling party BDP wins general election: Chief justice"]. ''www.aljazeera.com''. Retrieved 2022-03-10.</ref>Batlhophi mo dikgaolong tse di nang le leloko le le lengwe ba tlhopha ka tlhamalalo maloko a le masome a matlhano le bosupa a paka ya dingwaga di le botlhano ka tsamaiso ya bontsi (kgotsa ya pele-pele-pele). Maloko a le marataro one a tlhophiwa ke Tautona mme a tlhophiwa ke lekgotla. Kwa bokhutlong, ba ba setseng ba babedi (Tautona le Sebui sa bokopano jwa setšhaba ke ba ofisi.<ref>[https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Botswana_2016?lang=en "Botswana 1966 (rev. 2016) Constitution - Constitute".] ''www.constituteproject.org''. Retrieved 2022-03-10</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20221019183042/https://www.parliament.gov.bw/index.php/2012-02-13-15-06-33 "Office-Bearers & Members"]. ''www.parliament.gov.bw''. Archived from the original on 2022-10-19. Retrieved 2022-04-20.</ref> Le fa go na le ditlhopho tse di sa kgaotseng, bokopano jwa setšhaba e ntse e tshwaiwa diphoso. Mo ditlhophong tsotlhe go tloga ka ditlhopho tsa motheo ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le botlhano (1965)go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024), Botswana Democratic Party e ne ya fenya bontsi jwa ditulo mo lekgotleng la peomolao.<ref>Poteete, Amy R. (2012). "Electoral competition, factionalism, and persistent party dominance in Botswana". ''The Journal of Modern African Studies''. '''50''' (1): 75–102. doi:[[doi:10.1017/S0022278X11000619|10.1017/S0022278X11000619.]] JSTOR&#x20;41474960. S2CID&#x20;154672233.</ref><ref>[https://www.jeuneafrique.com/depeches/102799/politique/botswana-legislatives-sur-fond-de-crise-economique/ "Botswana: législatives sur fond de crise économique – Jeune Afrique".] ''JeuneAfrique.com'' (in French). Retrieved 2022-03-14</ref>Mo godimo ga moo, baithuti ba saense ya sepolotiki ka dinako dingwe ba ne ba supa fa ba tshwenyegile ka bokopano jwa setšhaba ka ntlha ya basadi ba le mmalwa ba e leng maloko a Palamente le go golaganngwa ga yona le khuduthamaga.<ref>Bauer, Gretchen (2010). "'Cows Will Lead the Herd into a Precipice': Where Are the Women MPs in Botswana?". ''Botswana Notes and Records''. '''42''': 56–70. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/23237971 JSTOR&#x20;23237971].</ref><ref>Sebudubudu, David; Maripe, Bugalo; Botlhomilwe, Mokganedi Z.; Malila, Ikanyeng S. (2013). "The Mutation of Parliament into a 'Registration Chamber': Executive Dominance over the Legislature in Botswana". ''The African Review: A Journal of African Politics, Development and International Affairs''. '''40''' (2): 33–59. JSTOR&#x20;45341655.</ref> ==Dikgang tsa palamente== ==Pego ya seemo sa setšhaba ka Motlotlegi Lt Gen== Seretse Khama Ian Khama, Tautona wa lefatshe la Botswana, mo pulong ya setlha sa botlhano sa palamente ya boferabongwe.1. Motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente, ke lebogela sebaka se o se mphileng se, go itsise kokoano e e tlotlegang e, ka tshekatsheko ya diphitlhelelo tsa setšhaba sa rona ga mmogo le dikgwetlho, mo pegong ya me ya ntlha ka seemo sa setšhaba, e bile e le ya bofelo pele ga ditlhopho tsa rona tsa setšhaba. 2. Le fa go ntse jalo, re tshwanetse go itse gore, go diragatsa ditlhokego tsa setšhaba, ga go a tshwanela go lejwa mo ditirong tsa puso fela e le nosi. Bokgoni jwa go gatela pele. ==Sojwe e gana molao kakanyetso== Batho ba Sojwe ba re ga ba dumalane le molao kakanyetso wa gore ba duele matlo a bone jaaka go dirwa kwa ditoropong. Ba re ba ntse ba lebogela se puso se e se dirang ka mananeo a e a dirang a go inola Batswana mo lehumeng mme jaanong fa molao kakanyetso o o ka diragadiwa, o tsile go ba humanegisa le go isa matshelo a bone kwa tlase ka jaana go se na kwa ba tlaa tsayang teng madi.Ba buile jalo kwa phuthegong ya kgotla e e neng e tshwerwe ke mopalamente wa kgaolo eo, Major General Moeng Pheto mo bosheng fa a ne a ba lekodisa ka dingwe tsa dikgang tsa palamente e e fetileng.Mme Chaoto Ntsheki le Shoma Ramusu ba re fa molao kakanyetso oo o ka dirwa, molao o tsile go kokonela batho ba ba dikobo dikhutshwane ka jaana bangwe ba nna mo matlong a ba saleng ba a agelwa ke banna ba bone, le bana mme ba sa tlhole ba le mo botshelong.Ka molao kakanyetso wa mapolotiki a a fudugelang kwa diphathing tse dingwe, ba re dikgang tsa mofuta oo di a tshwenya e bile di isa seriti sa ditlhopho kwa tlase.Ba re a makhanselara a se ka a tsamaya ka tlhopho ya bone fa a fuduga. ==Banni ba gakololwa go tsweledisa tebelopele== Banni ba metse ya Maitengwe, Dagwi le Changate ba kopilwe go nna le seabe go diragatsa maikaelelo a Tebelopele ya setshaba ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borataro . Kopo eo e ntshitswe ke mopalamente wa kgaolo ya Nkange, Rre Edwin Batshu, fa a buisa diphuthego tsa kgotla mo metseng eo, ka Mosupologo. Rre Batshu a re matshego ao, ga a itebaganya le batho ba ba rileng mme ke a Motswana mongwe le mongwe.A re go nna setshaba se se rutegileng se na le kitso le mogodi go a kgonagala go diragatse tseo ka metlhale ya go rutega le go na le kitso e mentsi ebile ba ka e abelana le ba bangwe.A re go nna setshaba se se sirelegileng ga go bewe mo mapodising kana fela ba itshireletsoA re setshaba se tshwanetse go lwantsha borukutlhi, go tlhokomela loruo, le go tlogela mokgwa wa go thapa batswakwa ba ba se nang diteseletso.Rre Batshu a re ka seo ba tlaa bo ba diragatsa letshego leo.Mo go tse dingwe o ne a kopa banni ba metse eo, go tlogela diphapaano tsa sepolotiki ka jalo ba nne batho ba ba bopaganeng ba na le maikaelelo le maikemisetso a go tsweledisa metse ka ditlhabololo ba le moono mongwe wa go direla setshaba le lefatshe. A re fa ba ka nna le botho, ba bereka ka tshwaragano le lerato go sena kilano ba ka isa metse ya bone kwa Tebelopele ya 2016.A re ba le banni ba tshwanetse go tla ka maano/metlhale e e tla fokotsang seemo sa borukutlhi, koketsego ya masiela le go wela tlase ga thuo.Rre Batshu o ne a ba kopa go dirisa bokgola jwa pula ya ntlha go ya go lema le go epa disana gore ba kgone go lema ka diterekere ka lenaneo la ISPAAD. Banni ba metse eo, ba ne ba lela ka leruo la bone le le tlolelang molelwane kwa Zimbabwe, mme fa le tla mono le bo le bolawa.Kwa motseng wa Maitengwe, banni ba ne ba kopa letamo le baka nosang leruo la bone. Kwa Dagwi ba ne ba ngongorega ka tsela, mooki mo kokelwaneng le go agelwa diofisi tsa kgotla.Ba ne ba lela ka lephata la metsi le ba boletseng fa le tletse boitseme.Ba bolela fa ba na le dingwaga ba dueletse go gokelwa metsi mo malwapeng nako kgolo ke neo, le mesele e ba ne ba laetswe go e epa e setse e katagesetse.Selelo seo sa ba lephata la metsi se ne sa utlwala gape kwa motseng wa Changate.Banni ba bolela fa bangwe ba duetse ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bosupa.Fa a araba matshwenyego a banni bao, mookamela lephata la metsi mo khanseleng potlana ya Tutume, Rre Vincent Ragabane, o ne a solofetsa banni ba metse eo, fa ba tla thusiwa mo bogaufing.Rre Ragabane a re motse wa Maitengwe o ne o na le palo e ntsi ya baikopedi ka jalo ba tsere nako e ntsi ba leka go gokela le go phatlalatsa metsi le motse ka bophara le go gokela mo malwapeng.A solofetsa gore tiro ya kwa motseng oo e gaufi le go wela ka jalo ba tlaa bo ba simolola mo metseng eo, ka palo ya yone e le kwa tlase.Mopalamente Batshu fa a akgela mo go mangwe a matshwenyego a banni o ne a bolela fa a ne a tsile go ba leboga le gore ba itsane.A re ka dikgomo tse di bolawang di tloletse molelwane kwa Zimbabwe, ke maikaelelo a puso go nyeletsa bolwetse jwa tlhako le molomo. ==Dikgoge tsa kwa ntle== [http://www.sundaystandard.info Botswana] [https://web.archive.org/web/20161014043241/http://www.dailynews.gov.bw/ Gaborone] ==Palo e e leng teng mo bogompienong== {{main|List of current members of the National Assembly of Botswana}} {{Botswana general election, 2009}} ==Maduo a khudutlhamaga a a fetlileng== {| border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin:1em 1em 1em 0;background:#f9f9f9;border:1px #aaa solid;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:95%" |- bgcolor="#e8e8e8" ! align="left" rowspan="2"| Diphuthego tsa sepolotiki ! align="center" colspan="9"| Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga |- |- bgcolor="#e8e8e8" ! 1965 ! 1969 ! 1974 ! 1979 ! 1984 ! 1989 ! 1994 ! 1999 ! 2004 |- | align="left"| Botswana Democratic Party (BDP) | align="center"| 28 | align="center"| 24 | align="center"| 27 | align="center"| 29 | align="center"| 29 | align="center"| 31 | align="center"| 27 | align="center"| 33 | align="center"| 44 |- | align="left"| Botswana National Front (BNF) | align="center"| - | align="center"| 03 | align="center"| 02 | align="center"| 02 | align="center"| 04 | align="center"| 03 | align="center"| 13% | align="center"| 06 | align="center"| 12 |- | align="left"| Botswana People's Party (BPP) | align="center"| 03 | align="center"| 03 | align="center"| 02 | align="center"| 01 | align="center"| 01 | align="center"| - | align="center"| - | align="center"| - | align="center"| - |- | align="left"| Botswana Independence Party (BIP) | align="center"| - | align="center"| 01 | align="center"| 01 | align="center"| - | align="center"| - | align="center"| - | align="center"| - | align="center"| - | align="center"| - |- | align="left"| Botswana Congress Party (BCP) | align="center"| - | align="center"| - | align="center"| - | align="center"| - | align="center"| - | align="center"| - | align="center"| - | align="center"| 01 | align="center"| 01 |- | align="left"| '''Palo yotlhe''' | align="center"| '''31''' | align="center"| '''31''' | align="center"| '''32''' | align="center"| '''32''' | align="center"| '''34''' | align="center"| '''34''' | align="center"| '''40''' | align="center"| '''40''' | align="center"| '''57''' |- |} '''Tsiboga''' :Mo ditlhophong tsa ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le botlhano , phuthego ya Botswana Democratic Party e ne e itsege ka leina la Bechuanaland Democratic party fa ya Botswana People's Party yone e ne e itsege ka la Bechuanaland People's Party. Le fa e ne e le yone phuthego e e neng e eteletsepele thata go tsweng kwa boipusong , ditlhopho tsotlhe tse di neng di tshegetswa go dumelwa gore e ne e le tsa puso ya batho ka batho, di gololesegile ebile di babalesegile. ==O ka tsibogela == *Ntlo ya dikgosi ya Botswana - yo o etleletseng pele khudutlhamaga. *Ditso tsa Botswana *Makalana a molao *Palo ya dibui tsa khudutlhamaga ya Botswana {{coord|24|39|31|S|25|54|38|E|source:kolossus-plwiki|display=title}} [[Category:Tshimolodisi ya ngwaga wa 1961]] [[Category:]] [[Category:Puso ya Botswana]] s1m1cm9uwgfb5mygvy1qi6386f98dj4 0 4834 53585 52838 2026-07-29T20:37:50Z Atsile Edith 11759 Ke senotse tsebe e #wikipedia25Bw 53585 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Phiri ya tlhogo''' ( '''''Proteles cristatus''''' <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Werdelin |first=L. |last2=Kitchener |first2=A. C. |last3=Abramov |first3=A. |last4=Veron |first4=G. |last5=Do Linh San |first5=E. |date=2021 |title=The Scientific Name of the Aardwolf is ''Proteles cristatus'' |url=https://bioone.org/journals/african-journal-of-wildlife-research/volume-51/issue-1/056.051.0149/The-Scientific-Name-of-the-Aardwolf-is-Proteles-cristatus/10.3957/056.051.0149.short |journal=African Journal of Wildlife Research |volume=51 |issue=1 |pages=149–152 |bibcode=2021AfJWR..51..149W |doi=10.3957/056.051.0149 |s2cid=242046818 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> ) ke mofuta wa [[Phiri|ditshenekegi tse di]] jang {{Automatic taxobox|name=Hyenas|fossil_range={{fossil range|22|0}} [[Early Miocene]] – recent|image=Hyaenidae Diversity.jpg|image_caption=The four extant species of hyena, clockwise from upper left: spotted hyena (''[[Crocuta crocuta]]''), brown hyena (''[[Parahyaena brunnea]]''), aardwolf (''[[Proteles cristata]]''), and striped hyena (''[[Hyaena hyaena]]'')|taxon=Hyaenidae|authority=[[John Edward Gray|Gray]], 1821|type_genus=''[[Hyaena]]''|type_genus_authority=[[Mathurin Jacques Brisson|Brisson]], 1762|subdivision_ranks=[[Genus|Genera]]|subdivision=* '''''[[Incertae sedis]]''''' ** †''[[Tongxinictis]]'' * '''Hyaeninae''' ** †''[[Chasmaporthetes]]'' ** †''[[Allohyaena]]'' ** †''[[Leecyaena]]'' ** †''[[Ikelohyaena]]'' ** †''[[Belbus]]'' ** †''[[Metahyaena]]'' ** †''[[Werdelinus]]'' ** '''Hyaenini''' *** ''[[Crocuta]]'' *** ''[[Hyaena]]'' *** ''[[Parahyaena]]'' *** †''[[Adcrocuta]]'' *** †''[[Pachycrocuta]]'' *** †''[[Pliocrocuta]]'' *** †''[[Palinhyaena]]'' *** †''[[Hyaenictis]]'' * '''Protelinae''' ** ''[[Proteles]]'' ** †''[[Gansuyaena]]'' * †'''Ictitheriinae''' ** †''[[Ictitherium]]'' ** †''[[Protictitherium]]'' ** †''[[Thalassictis]]'' ** †''[[Lycyaena]]'' ** †''[[Plioviverrops]]'' ** †''[[Tungurictis]]'' ** †'''Hyaenotheriini''' *** †''[[Hyaenotherium]]'' *** †''[[Miohyaenotherium]]'' * †'''Percrocutinae'''? ** †''[[Percrocuta]]''? ** †''[[Dinocrocuta]]''?|range_map=Hyaenidae_range.png|range_map_alt=[[Striped hyena]] in blue, [[Brown hyena]] in purple, [[Spotted hyena]] in green, [[Aardwolf]] in red|range_map_caption=Range of [[striped hyena]] in blue, [[brown hyena]] in purple, [[spotted hyena]] in green, and [[aardwolf]] in red|synonyms=* Protelidae <small>[[William Henry Flower|Flower]], 1869</small> * [[Percrocutidae]]? <small>Werdelin & Solounias, 1991</small>}} ditshenekegi, tse di tlholegang kwa Aforika Botlhaba le Borwa . Leina la yona le kaya ' phiri ya lefatshe ' ka [[Seburu|Seaforikanse]] le [[Se-dutch|Sedatšhe]] . Gape e bidiwa '''maanhaarjakkals''' ( Seaforika se kaya ' phokoje ya tlhogo ' ), '''tshephe e e jang dintlhwa''' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Macintyre |first=G. T. |date=1972 |title=Evolutionary Biology |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-1-4684-9063-3 |editor-last=Dobzhansky |editor-first=T. |volume=6 |pages=275–303 |chapter=The Trisulcate Petrosal Pattern of Mammals |doi=10.1007/978-1-4684-9063-3_9 |editor-last2=Hecht |editor-first2=M. K. |editor-last3=Steere |editor-first3=W. C.}}</ref> le '''tshephe ya civet''', go ikaegilwe ka mokgwa wa yone wa go ntsha dilo go tswa mo kgelesweng ya yone ya marago, e leng selo se se tshwanang le [[Kgaga (African Civet)|tshephe ya Aforika]] . Go farologana le bontsi jwa ba losika lwa yona mo thulaganyong ya Carnivora, phiri ga e tsome diphologolo tse dikgolo . E ja ditshidinyana le dibokwana tsa tsona, bogolosegolo dintlhwa ; phiri e le nngwe ya aardwolf e kgona go tshwara dintlhwa di ka nna dikete di le tharo mo bosigong bo le bongwe fela [ 12 ] e dirisa leleme la yone le le telele le le kgomarelang. Leleme la thukwi le tlwaetse go nna thata mo le ka kgonang go emelana le go longwa thata ke dintlhwa. Thukwi e nna mo ditlhatshaneng tsa botlhaba le borwa jwa Afrika – mafatshe a a bulegileng a a khurumeditsweng ke ditlhare le ditlhatshana tse di sa tlhomamang. E tsamaya bosigo, e ikhutsa mo mesimeng motshegare mme e tlhagelele bosigo go batla dijo . Thukwi ka kakaretso e tlhaolwa jaaka karolo ya lelapa la diphiri [[Phiri|tsa Hyaenidae]] . Le fa go ntse jalo, mo nakong e e fetileng e ne e bewa mo lelapeng la yone le le kgethegileng le le bidiwang Protelidae. Kwa tshimologong, baitsanape ba saense ba ne ba akanya gore e ne e etsisa fela phiri e e methalo, mme seno se ne sa dira gore go tlhamiwe lelapa la Protelidae. Dipatlisiso tsa bosheng di bontshitse gore go ka direga gore thukwi e ne ya kgaogana le mafene a mangwe bogologolo; gore kgaogano eo e diragetse leng tota ga go ise go itsiwe sentle, ka gonne bosupi jwa masalela a dilo tsa bogologolo le dipatlisiso tsa dijini ga di dumalane ka pharologano dithuto tsa dijini di sa dumalane ka dingwaga di le didikadike di le lesome. [ ntlha 2 ] . Thukwi ke yone fela mofuta o o tshelang mo lelapeng le lennye la Protelinae. Go na le go sa dumalane gore a mofuta o ke wa mofuta o le mongwe fela, kgotsa o ka kgaoganngwa ka mefutapotlana . Thutopatlisiso ya ngwaga wa 2021 e fitlhetse gore dipharologano tsa dijini mo diphiring tsa botlhaba le tsa borwa di ka nna tsa tlhagelela mo go lekaneng go di aroganya jaaka mefuta. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allio |first=Rémi |last2=Tilak |first2=Marie-Ka |last3=Scornavacca |first3=Celine |last4=Avenant |first4=Nico L |last5=Kitchener |first5=Andrew C |last6=Corre |first6=Erwan |last7=Nabholz |first7=Benoit |last8=Delsuc |first8=Frédéric |date=2021-02-18 |editor-last=Perry |editor-first=George H |editor2-last=Perry |editor2-first=George H |title=High-quality carnivoran genomes from roadkill samples enable comparative species delineation in aardwolf and bat-eared fox |journal=eLife |volume=10 |doi=10.7554/eLife.63167 |issn=2050-084X |pmc=7963486 |pmid=33599612 |doi-access=free |article-number=e63167}}</ref> Ka jalo, Mokgatlho wa lefatshe la Amerika wa Baitseanape ba Diamusi ga jaana o tsaya ''Proteles cristatus'' le ''Proteles septentrionalis'' e le mefuta e e farologaneng. <ref>{{Cite web |title=''Proteles septentrionalis'' |url=https://www.mammaldiversity.org/taxon/1006680/ |access-date=2026-05-26}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=''Proteles cristatus'' |url=https://www.mammaldiversity.org/taxon/1006074/ |access-date=2026-05-26}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" !Setshwantsho ! Mofutapotlana ! Phatlalatso |- |[[Setshwantsho:Aardwolf,_Proteles_cristata,_at_Lion_and_Rhino_Reserve,_Gauteng,_South_Africa_(47987215058).jpg|180x180px]] | ''P. c. keresetase'' | Borwa jwa Aforika |- |[[Setshwantsho:Aardwolf,_Buffalo_Springs_National_Park,_Kenya_1_(cropped).jpg|180x180px]] | ''P. c.'' Rothschild, 1902 ''1902'' | Aforikabotlhaba . |- |} Tshekatsheko ya dimolekhule e e dirilweng ka 2006 e bontshitse gore, go ya ka tatelano ya ditso tsa tlholego (phylogeny), aardwolf ke yone ya bogologolo thata mo mefuteng e le menè e e sa ntseng e tshela ya lelapa la mafene (Hyaenidae)[ 12 ]{{clade|{{clade |label1= |1={{clade |1='''''Proteles cristatus''''' (aardwolf) [[File:The life of animals (Colored Plate 4) (proteles cristatus).jpg|60 px]] }} |2={{clade |1=''[[Spotted hyena|Crocuta crocuta]]'' (spotted hyena) [[File:Spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta) by Connor Ashbridge.png|80 px]] |2={{clade |1=''[[Striped hyena|Hyaena hyaena]]'' (striped hyena) [[File:Hyaena striata - 1818-1842 - Print - Iconographia Zoologica - Special Collections University of Amsterdam -(white background).jpg|70 px]] |2=''[[Brown hyena|Parahyaena brunnea]]'' (brown hyena) [[File:Hyaena fusca (white background).jpg|65 px]] }} }} }}|style=font-size:90%; line-height:100%;|label1='''[[Hyaenidae]]'''}} == Thuto ya mafoko == Leina la kakaretso la ''Proteles'' le tswa mo mafokong a mabedi a a tswang kwa Segerikeng : Ancient Greek , ''prōtos'' le Ancient Greek ''téleios'', e e kopantsweng e kaya "go felela kwa pele" go kaya menwana e metlhano ya aardwolf mo maotong a a kwa pele le e mene mo maotong a a kwa morago. Leina le le rileng ''la cristatus'' le tswa mo Selatineng mme le kaya "go tlamelwa ka kama kgotsa tuft", e e amanang le moriri wa yona. <ref name="ingo" />   [[Setshwantsho:Aardwolf,_Proteles_cristata,_at_Lion_and_Rhino_Reserve,_Gauteng,_South_Africa_(47987248651).jpg|thumb|Thukwi ka leleme le le pepeneneng. Ela tlhoko marodi a a bonalang .]] Thukwi e tshwana le tshephe e nnye thata e bile e le tshesane e e meradi , e e nang le molomo o mosesane thata, meradi e mentsho e e emeng mo kobo ya boboa jo bo serolwana, le [[wiktionary:mane|moriri]] o moleele o o bonalang go ya kwa tlase mo moleng o o fa gare wa molala le mo mokwatleng. Gape e na le moradi o le mongwe kgotsa mebedi e e tshekeletsa go ya kwa tlase kwa pele le kwa morago le moradi e le mmalwa mo maotong a yone. Moriri o tlhatlosiwa ka nako ya dithulano go dira gore thukwi e lebege e le kgolo. E tlhaela lebala la mometso le ba bangwe mo lelapeng ba nang le lone. Leoto la yone le le kwa tlase (go tswa mo lengoleng go ya kwa tlase) le lentsho lotlhe, mme mogatla wa yone o le ditlhatshana ka ntlha e ntsho. Thukwi e ka nna boleele jwa di centimeter di le maome a matlhano go ya kwa masomeng a borobabobedi (inch e le masome a mabedi le bobedi go ya go masome a mararo le bobedi ) ka boleele, kwa ntle ga mogatla wa yona o o ditlhatshana, Maoto a kwa pele a na le menwana e le metlhano mo leotong lengwe le lengwe, go farologana le mafene a mangwe a a nang le menwana e le menè fela. Legata la tlhogo (skull) la yone le tshwana ka popego le la mafene a mangwe, le fa lone le le lennye thata, mme meno a yone a kwa marameng a tlhomamiseditswe go ja ditshenekegi. E sa ntse e na le meno a go loma (canines), mme go farologana le mafene a mangwe, meno ano a dirisediwa thata go lwa le go itshireletsa. Ditsebe tsa yone, tse di kgolo, di tshwana thata le tsa phiri e e methalo Fa thukwi e ntse e tsofala, ka tlwaelo e tla latlhegelwa ke meno mangwe a yone, le fa seo se na le tshusumetso e nnye mo mekgweng ya yona ya go ja ka ntlha ya bonolo jwa ditshidinyana tse e di jang. [[Karolo:Pages with unreviewed translations]] a57a7572hcauzmfu8clwwbouw5orfem 0 4994 53575 52594 2026-07-29T17:24:29Z Lucrucia98 12161 53575 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|image=Mokgweetsi Masisi May 2023.jpg|name=Mokgweetsi Masisi|caption=Masisi in 2023|order=5th|office=Tautona wa Botswana|country2=Botswana|predecessor=[[Ian Khama]]|term_start=1 April 2018|term_end=1 November 2024|successor=[[Duma Boko]]|vicepresident15=[[Slumber Tsogwane]]|birth_name=Mokgweetsi Eric Keabetswe Masisi|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=y|1961|07|21}}|birth_place=[[Moshupa]], [[Bechuanaland Protectorate|Bechuanaland]]<br />(now [[Botswana]])}} '''Mokgweetsi Eric Keabetswe Masisi''' ([[:en:Help:IPA/English|/mɔːkˈweɪtsi/]] (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e le masome a mabedi le bongwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bonngwe (1961) ke mopolotiki wa Botswana yo o dirileng jaaka [[Tautona wa Botswana|tautona wa botlhano wa lefatshe la Botswana]] go simolola ka kgwedi ya Moranang e thola bongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2018 )go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024)<ref>[https://mg.co.za/article/2018-04-03-who-is-botswanas-new-president-mokgweetsi-masisi/ "Who is Botswana's new President Mokgweetsi Masisi?".] ''The M&G Online''. 3 April 2018. Retrieved 14 May 2019.</ref><ref name=":0">[https://www.dw.com/en/botswana-mokgweetsi-masisi-takes-over-presidency-amid-opposition-resurgence/a-43206610 "Botswana: Mokgweetsi Masisi takes over presidency amid opposition resurgence".] ''Deutsche Welle''. 31 March 2018. Retrieved 14 May 2019.</ref><ref>[https://www.france24.com/en/20180401-botswana-inaugurates-new-president-masisi-smooth-handover "Botswana inaugurates new president Masisi in smooth handover".] ''France 24''. 1 April 2018. Retrieved 14 May 2019.</ref>. O setse a kile a dira e le tona wa thuto ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014), mme a dira gape e le tona wa tsa bodiredi mo ofising ya ga tautona le tsa merafe go simolola ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le motso (2011) go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014). O ne a tlhophiwa lantlha go ya palamêntêng ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe (2009). Kwa tshimologong o ne a na le kamano e e siameng leTautona wa maloba [[Ian Khama]], yo o neng a tlhoma Masisi go nna motlatsa moporesidente, ba babedi bano ba ne ba thulana morago ga moo ka ntlha ya thibelo ya go tsoma ditlou, mme Khama o ne a latofatsa Masisi ka go re o "kgapa batho ba ba sa dumalaneng le ene". Fa ba ne ba simolola go busa mo ditlhophong tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019), baganetsi ba ne ba re go na le tlolomolao le tsietso ya ditlhopho. Le fa go ntse jalo, mokgatlho wa African Union o ne wa bega gore ditlhopho di ne di tshwerwe ka tsela e e phepa e bile di tsamaisana le melao ya mafatshefatshe. Puso ya gagwe e ne ya okamela tsela e naga e tsibogelang leroborobo la [[COVID-19]] ka yone. Mo gare ga leroborobo, Masisi o ne a busa ka molao go tloga ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi (2020) go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bongwe (2021(, le fa a ne a ganediwa ke setšhaba le makoko a kganetso. == Botshelô le dithuto == Rre Mokgweetsi Masisi ke morwa wa ga [[:en:Edison_Masisi|Edson Masisi]](yo tshotsweg ka gwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mabedi le boraro (1923) a bo a tlhokafala ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le boraro (2003), yo o neng e le leloko la palamêntê kwa motseng wa [[Moshupa]].<ref name=":1">[https://mg.co.za/article/2018-04-03-who-is-botswanas-new-president-mokgweetsi-masisi/ Who is Botswana's new President Mokgweetsi Masisi?".] ''The Mail & Guardian''. 3 April 2018. Retrieved 27 February 2020</ref> Rre Masisi o goletse mo torôpôkgôlô [[Gaborone]], a tsena sekolo se se botlana kwa Thornhill Primary School mme a ya go tsweledisa see segolwane kwa [[Maru a Pula School|Maru A Pula Schoo]]<nowiki/>l.<ref name=":1" /> Kwa sekolong o ne a tsenelela dikgaisano tsa kgwele ya dinao le thênêsê, mme kwa bofelong a felela a kgatlhêgela tsa kgatô. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bone (1984) o ne a akgolelwa kêtêlêlo pele ya gagwe ya tlhamô ya mo Gaborone ya Cry the Beloved Country, mme a galaletswa ke Alan Paton ka tiragatsô ya gagwe. Fa go tswêlêtswêle ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi (1980) o ne a nna moanêlwamogolo wa go dira le metshamekô, mme gape a nna karolô ya di filimi tsa South Africa B-Movies. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi (1980) Rre Masisi o ne a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa social studies dingwaga di le mmalwa morago fa a sena go aloga kwa [[Mmadikolo wa Botswana|mmadikolong wa Botswana]] ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bone (1984) mo go tsa Sekgowa le Ditsô. Mme a tswelela ka go ya go ruta kwa sekolong se se golwane sa Mmanaana ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bone (1984) mo motsaneng wa Moshupa pele fa a simolola le mmadikolo wa Botswana ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bosupa (1987) e le moitseanape wa tsa kgolô ya dithutô tsa sekolo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250605063938/https://www.weforum.org/people/mokgweetsi-eric-keabetswe-masisi/ "Mokgweetsi Eric Keabetswe Masisi"]. ''World Economic Forum''. Archived from the original on 5 June 2025. Retrieved 11 August 2025.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe (1989) o ne a ya kwa [[:en:Florida_State_University|Florida State University]] <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200227084904/https://news.fsu.edu/news/university-news/2018/09/20/florida-state-welcomes-president-of-botswana-for-official-visit/ "Florida State welcomes president of Botswana for official visit".] ''Florida State University News''. 20 September 2018. Retrieved 27 February 2020</ref>go ithutela bonkge jwa digerata tsa Thutô, mme morago a thapiwa ke [[:en:UNICEF|UNICEF]] mo Botswana<ref name=":2">[https://www.bbc.com/afrique/region-43611238 "Botswana : investiture du nouveau président"]. ''BBC News Afrique'' (in French). 1 April 2018. Retrieved 27 February 2020.</ref>.Ka sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe (1999), o ne a bona dikirii ya morago ga kalogo ya Ikonomi le Pholisi ya Loago kwa Yunibesithing ya Manchester, kwa e neng e le moithuti wa Chevening gone.<ref name=":2" /> == Tiro == Rre Masisi o ne a seka a bona tlhôphô ya [[:en:Botswana_Democratic_Party|Botswana Democratic Party]] (BDP) go emela kgaolô ya botlhophi mo [[:en:Moshupa|Moshupa]] ka di [[:en:Botswana_general_election,_2004|ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa )dikete tse pedi le bone (2004]]. <ref name=":3">[https://web.archive.org/web/20180721075010/http://www.weekendpost.co.bw/wp-column-details.php?col_id=707 "Weekend Post :: The making of a president: HH Mokgweetsi Masisi".] ''weekendpost.co.bw''. Retrieved 27 February 2020.</ref>Le fa go ntse jalo, o ne a tsaya tlhôphô ya BDP pele ga [[:en:Botswana_general_election,_2009|ditlhôphô tsa ngwaga wa 2009]] mme a fenya setilô. Mme ka bofefo o ne a tlhôphiwa go nna mothusa tona wa tsa bodiredi kwa ofising ya ga tautona le bodiredi jwa tsa merafe ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe (2009)<ref name=":3" />. Moragonyana ga ngwaga e le mothusa tona wa tsa bodiredi jwa ofisi ya ga tautona le tsa merafe ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le motso (2011).<ref name=":0" /> Rre Masisi o ne a nna tona wa thutô le tlhabololô ya tsa boitseanape a tshwareletse ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014); o ne a tlhôphiwa gape mo setilông sa palamêntê ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesoe le bone (2014),<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180401113831/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-04/01/c_137081027.htm "Profile: Botswana's new president Mokgweetsi Masisi - Xinhua | English.news.cn".] ''www.xinhuanet.com''. Archived from the original on 1 April 2018. Retrieved 27 February 2020.</ref> mme a thapiwa go nna tona wa thutô le tlhabololô ya tsa boitseanape ka kgwedi ya Phalane e le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi , ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014).Rre Masisi o ne a thapiwa ke moetêlêdipele [[:en:Ian_Khama|Ian Khama]] go nna mothusa tautona wa Botswana ka kgwedi ya Ngwanaatsele ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014)fa a santse a tshwareletse e le tona wa tsa Thutô.<ref>[http://www.weekendpost.co.bw/wp-column-details.php?col_id=22 "Weekend Post :: Bolope (bootlicking) has paid for Masisi!".] ''www.weekendpost.co.bw''. Retrieved 27 February 2020.</ref> Tautona wa pele Rre Khama o ne a thapa Rre Masisi go nna tonakgolo wa mmadikolo wa Botswana ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bosupa (2017).Tlhôphô e, e ne e ikaegile ka karolô ya bosupa ya molao motheo<ref>http://www.gov.bw/globalassets/moe/acts/chapter-5701-university-of-botswana.pdf</ref> wa Madikolo wa Botswana ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi (2008), e ne ele ya sebaka sa dingwaga tse tlhano<ref>https://www.ub.bwnewsdet/nid/4290/Vice-President-Masisi-appointed-UB-Chancellor/</ref>. == Tautona (2018-2024) == Ka kgwedi ya Moranang, ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2018) o ne a ikanisiwa go nna [[:en:President_of_Botswana|tautona wa lefatshe la Botswana]]<ref name=":0" /> wa botlhano, yo mo bogompienong a direlang e le tautona wa [[:en:Republic_of_Botswana|lefatshe la Botswana]].Fa a sena go tlhatlogela kwa maemong a boporesidente, yo o neng a mo eteletse pele Ian Khama o ne a tlogela lekoko le le busang la Botswana Democratic Party (BDP) go ya go tlhoma lekoko la Botswana Patriotic Front (BPF).<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSKCN1SV0GY/ "Former Botswana president quits ruling party in row with ex-ally".] ''Reuters''.</ref>Khama o ne a kgala Masisi ka go tlosa thibelo ya go tsoma ditlou mme a bitsa tshwetso ya gagwe ya go tlhoma Masisi go nna motlhatlhami wa gagwe "phoso".<ref>[https://www.iol.co.za/news/africa/botswanas-former-president-ian-khama-quits-ruling-party-24015747 "Botswana's former president Ian Khama quits ruling party".] ''IOL''. Agence France-Presse. 25 May 2019.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro, ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2018), Masisi o ne a amogela dikirii ya bongaka ya tlotlo go tswa kwaMadikolo wa Botswana. Batshwaedi bangwe ba kgadile tshwetso e, mme ba bolela fa thulaganyo e e nepagetseng e ne e sa latelwa.<ref>Basimanebotlhe, Tsaone (12 October 2018). [https://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?aid=77954&dir=2018/october/12 "Issues raised about Masisi's honorary doctorate"]. ''Mmegi''. Gaborone.</ref> === Pholisi ya ikonomi === Puso ya ga Masisi e amogetse le go rotloetsa dipholisi tsa ikonomi tse di ikaegileng ka mebaraka, tse di gololesegileng go farologanya ikonomi go tswa mo go ikaegeng ka ditaemane.<ref>[https://country.eiu.com/botswana "Botswana Economy, Politics and GDP Growth Summary - The Economist Intelligence Unit".] ''country.eiu.com''. Retrieved 28 October 2024</ref> Mo pusong ya ga Masisi, naga e ka nna ya tsaya dikgato tsa go somarela madi ka ntlha ya go fokotsega ga ditaemane, e leng thomelontle e kgolo ya Botswana, seelo sa diperesente di le masome a mane le botlhano sa basha ba ba sa direng, le se radipolotiki wa kganetso a se kgadileng jaaka tlhaelo ya ntlha ya tekanyetsokabo ya naga mo dingwageng di le masome a mane.<ref>[https://apnews.com/article/botswana-election-vote-masisi-diamonds-c6878e9caaeeb92ea0407c250d619563 "Diamond-rich Botswana holds an election with new economic challenges for a long-ruling party".] ''AP News''. 28 October 2024. Retrieved 28 October 2024.</ref> === Ditlhopho tsa 2019 === Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019), Masisi o ne a tlhophiwa gape go nna tautona morago ga gore BDP e lebane le matshosetsi a magolo a kutlwano ya yone mo dingwageng di feta masome a matlhano, morago ga go fudugela ga ga Khama kwa lekokong la kganetso, a latofatsa Masisi ka bobusaesi.<ref>[https://www.ft.com/content/b7362496-f71a-11e9-9ef3-eca8fc8f2d65 "President Mokgweetsi Masisi holds on to power in Botswana poll"]. ''Financial Times''. London. 25 October 2019.</ref> Mo ditlhophong setshaba tsa Botswana tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019), Masisi o ne a bona bontsi jwa ditlhopho ka 52.65% mme a bona bontsi jwa ditilo mo palamenteng ya setshaba. Ditlhopho tsa Botswana tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019) di ne tsa ganetsanwa ka tlhoafalo, mme kganetso e kgolo, Umbrella for Democratic Change e ne ya tlhatlhela dikgwetlho tse dintsi kwa kgotlatshekelong e latofatsa ka go sa dire dilo ka tshwanelo le tsietso ya ditlhopho.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-botswana-politics-idUSKBN1Y00QO "Botswana opposition challenges election result in court".] ''Reuters''. 21 March 2019. Retrieved 21 March 2021.</ref>Kgotlatshekelokgolo e ne ya atlhola kgatlhanong le ditatofatso tseno mme ditlhopho di ne tsa tsewa di ikanyega ke balebeledi ba boditšhabatšhaba.<ref>Karrim, Azarrah. [https://www.news24.com/news24/massive-vote-rigging-uncovered-in-botswana-elections-claims-opposition-leader-duma-boko-20191205 "Massive vote rigging uncovered in Botswana elections, claims opposition leader Duma Boko".] ''News24''. Retrieved 4 May 2024.</ref>Letsholo la Tebelelo ya Ditlhopho la Kopano ya Aforika (AUEOM) le konoseditse gore ditlhopho di ne di le mo pepeneneng e bile di dirilwe ka kagiso.<ref>[https://www.news24.com/news24/massive-vote-rigging-uncovered-in-botswana-elections-claims-opposition-leader-duma-boko-20191205 Karrim, Azarrah. "Massive vote rigging uncovered in Botswana elections, claims opposition leader Duma Boko"]. ''News24''. Retrieved 4 May 2024.</ref> Ditlhopho di ne di tsamaisana le mekgwa le maemo a a siameng a boditšhabatšhaba le a kgaolo.<ref>[https://au.int/sites/default/files/documents/38699-doc-report_of_the_african_union_election_observation_mission_to_the_23_october_2019_general_elections_in_the_republic_of_botswana.pdf "African Union Election Observation Mission To The 23 October 2019 General Elections In The Republic Of Botswana"] (PDF). ''au.int''. African Union. November 2019. p.&#x20;22. Retrieved 10 July 2022.</ref> Gareng ga ditsholofetso tsa gagwe tsa ditlhopho, o ne a tshitshinya go tlosa thibelo ya go tsoma ditlou le go dira gore bosodoma e nne bosenyi.<ref>Chutel, Chutel (23 October 2019). [https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/25/world/africa/botswana-election-mokgweetsi-masisi.html "Botswana Election Won by President, Despite Rift with Predecessor"]. ''New York Times''.</ref>Fa Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana a ne a ikuela kgatlhanong le tshwetso ya kgotlatshekelo e e neng e tlosa go ratana ka bong joe se molato moragonyana mo ngwageng oo, Masisi (Tautona wa nako eo) o ne a bua a ema nokeng taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref name=":4">[https://www.washingtonblade.com/2021/10/18/botswana-attorney-general-seeks-to-recriminalize-homosexuality/ Katlego K Kolanyane-Kesupile (18 October 2021). "Botswana attorney general seeks to recriminalize homosexuality".] ''Washington Blade''. Retrieved 29 November 2021.</ref><ref>[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/6/11/botswanas-high-court-rejects-laws-criminalising-homosexuality "Botswana's High Court rejects laws criminalising homosexuality"]. ''Al Jazeera''. 11 June 2019. Retrieved 29 November 2021.</ref> === Go tsibogela bolwetse jwa COVID-19 (2020-22) === Kwa tshimologong ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi (2020), COVID-19 e ne ya anama mo Botswana ka nako ya fa Masisi a ne a le mo setulong. Tautona o ne a tsibogela leroborobo ka go goeletsa maemo a tshoganyetso ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e le masome a mararo le bongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi (2020).<ref>[https://botswanalaws.com/subsidiary-legislation/constitution-of-botswana-subsidiary-legislation#Constitution_STATEOFPUBLICEMERGENCY "CONSTITUTION OF BOTSWANA: SUBSIDIARY LEGISLATION &#x7C; Subsidiary Legislation".] ''botswanalaws.com''.</ref>Morago ga kgoeletso, dithata tsa tshoganyetso di letleletse Masisi go busa ka molao ka sebaka sa dikgwedi di le lesome le borobabobedi go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bongwe (2021), le fa go na le ditshupetso go tswa mo makokong mangwe a kganetso. <ref>[https://yourbotswana.com/2020/10/01/botswana-parliament-votes-to-extend-covid-state-of-emergency-to-march-2021/ "Botswana Parliament votes to extend covid state of emergency to March 2021".] ''Your Botswana''. Gaborone. 19 January 2021.</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole, Botswana e fitlhetse bosupi jwa mogare o moša, o o neng wa dira gore go tlhongwe molao wa gore go se ka ga tswalwa gape go tloga ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e le masome a mabedi le bone ka ngwga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi (2020) go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e thola boraro ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bongwe (2021).<ref>[https://www.mmegi.bw/index.php/2013_website/widgets/2013_website/banners/index.php?aid=88228&dir=2020/december/23 "Masisi imposes nationwide curfew".] ''Mmegi''. 30 September 2021.</ref> Morago ga dingwaga tse di ka nnang pedi tsa maemo a tshoganyetso a setšhaba le matshosetsi a ditshupetso go tswa mo setshabeng le makoko a kganetso, Masisi o ne a itsise gore ga a kitla a ntšhwafatsa maemo a tshoganyetso a setšhaba, a a neng a mmona a busa ka molao mo nakong eno, gape a fedisa nako ya go tswa mo ntlong e e neng e le teng kwa bokhutlong jwa kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bongwe (2021). Masisi o ne a latofadiwa ke baganetsi ba bangwe ka go nna le maikutlo a go busa, le go thusa go koafatsa demokerasi mo Botswana.<ref>Basimanebotlhe, Tsaone (20 February 2020). [https://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?aid=84659&dir=2020/february/28 "Botswana democracy under siege".] ''Mmegi''. Gaborone</ref> Tautona wa maloba Ian Khama, yo o neng a sa utlwane le Masisi fa e sale a tlhophiwa, o ne a bolela fa Masisi a ne a "kgapa batho ba ba sa dumeleng" mo potsolotsong le Financial Times, mme a tlatsa ka gore leina la Botswana le ne le senngwa mo nageng le mo lefatsheng ka bophara, le gore temokerasi e ne e ntse e fokotsega.<ref>[https://www.ft.com/content/fda4c8e4-f1be-11e9-bfa4-b25f11f42901 "Botswana's ex-president hits out at successor ahead of election".] ''Financial Times''. London.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e thola boraro ka ngwga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi (2022), go ne ga itsisiwe gore Masisi o ne a le kwa a neng a patelesega go itlhaola morago ga go tlhatlhobiwa gore o na le COVID-19 ka nako ya diteko tsa ka metlha. Mothusa Tautona [[Slumber Tsogwane]] o ne a tsaya maikarabelo a moporesidente fa a ne a le kwa thoko.<ref>[https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/africa/2022-01-03-botswanas-president-in-isolation-after-testing-positive-for-covid-19/ "Botswana's president in isolation after testing positive for COVID-19".] ''The Star''. Retrieved 3 January 2022.</ref> === Ditlhopho tsa 2024 === Mo ditlhophong setshaba tsa gwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024), phathi ya Botswana Democratic Party e ne ya latlhegelwa ke bontsi jwa bontsi jwa yone mo palamenteng ya bosetshaba e le lantlha mo ditso tsa lefatshe leno.Rre Masisi o ne a amogela go fenngwa ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e thola bongwe , mme a solofetsa phetiso ya puso ka kagiso.<ref>Motseta, Sello (1 November 2024). [https://apnews.com/article/botswana-election-masisi-concedes-80951b62fdb7169f073c2b13acaff1b6 "Seismic change in Botswana as party that ruled for 58 years loses power".] ''AP News''. Retrieved 1 November 2024</ref>O ne a tlhatlhangwa jaaka Tautona ke [[Duma Boko]]. == Dikakanyo tsa sepolotiki == Rre Masisi o ne a tshwaela gore go tlosiwe thibelo ya go tsoma ditlou le go dira gore go ratana ka bong jo bongwe go se ka gwa nna molato.<ref name=":4" /> Masisi o tshegetsa go tsoma ditlou mo Botswana, mme o dumela gore go letla kgwebisano nngwe ya ditlou go tla letla matlole a mantsi a maiteko a tshomarelo le tshireletso. Ka ngwaga wa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019), o ne a naya baeteledipele ba bomafatshe ba [[Namibia,]] [[Zambia]] le [[Zimbabwe]] mantle a a dirilweng ka dinao tsa tlou, e leng kgato e e neng ya kgalwa ke metswedi ya dikgang ya mafatshefatshe.[37][38][39] Masisi o ne a busetsa morago thibelo ya go tsoma ditlou e e neng e beilwe ke moeteledipele wa gagwe, mme a tlosa pholisi ya Botswana ya "Shoot to Kill" e e kgatlhanong le go tsoma ditlou.<ref>O'Grady, Siobhán (23 May 2019). "[https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2019/05/23/botswana-overturns-ban-elephant-hunting/ Botswana overturns ban on elephant hunting".] ''The Washington Post''.</ref> == Botshelo jwa lelwapa == Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bobedi (2002) Masisi o ne a nyala Neo Maswabi yo e neng e le mmalamatlotlo yo morago a neng a direla lekgotla la Ditšhabakopano kwa New York le kwa Addis Ababa. Ba na le morwadi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190809140926/https://www.uneca.org/sites/default/files/uploaded-documents/Staff_Union/Staff_Voice/uneca-staff-voice_issue12.pdf Staff corner - Profile"] (PDF). ''UN Staff Voice''. No.&#x20;6. June 2018. pp.&#x20;36–39. Retrieved 9 August 2019.</ref> Masisi ka puo ya tlwaelo o bidiwa "Sisiboy" mo bathong, motshameko wa mafoko ka leina la lelapa la gagwe.<ref>Morton, Barry (6 November 2019). [https://theconversation.com/how-masisi-outsmarted-khama-to-take-the-reins-in-botswana-126150 "How Masisi outsmarted Khama to take the reins in Botswana".] ''The Conversation''. Retrieved 27 February 2020.</ref> == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} == Di linki tse di kwa ntle == * Government of Botswana.[https://web.archive.org/web/20200609211710/https://internationaldataweek.org/his-excellency-president-dr-mokgweetsi-eric-keabetswe-masisi "His Excellency President Dr. Mokgweetsi Eric Keabetswe Masisi"]. ''International Data Week''. {| class="wikitable" |+ ! colspan="3" |'''Diofisi tsa politiki''' |- |A eteletswe pele ke Ponatshego Kedikilwe |Mothusa tautona wa Botswana |A setswe morago ke Slumber tsogwane |- |A eteletswe pele ke Ian Khama |Tautona wa Botswana |A setswe morago ke Duma Boko |} [[Karolo:Matsalo a 1961]] [[Karolo:Mapolotiki a Botswana Democratic Party]] [[Karolo:Barutabana ba Botswana]] [[Karolo:Dialogane tsa Florida State University]] [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] [[Karolo:Maloko a khuduthamaga ya Botswana]] [[Karolo:Botautona ba Botswana]] [[Karolo:Dialogane tsa Unibesithi ya Botswana]] [[Karolo:Bathusa tautona ba Botswana]] [[Karolo:Batho ba Moshupa]] [[Karolo:Batho ba Gaborone]] [[Karolo:Mapolotiki a dingwaga tse di kete pedi le bongwe]] [[Karolo:BoTautona ba Botswana]] dcyyu64sham8oyqad4hq8f0l2afa41b 0 8098 53558 43534 2026-07-29T12:34:58Z Lucrucia98 12161 53558 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox sportsperson|image=Letsile Tebogo (cropped).jpg|image_size=200|caption=Tebogo at the [[2023 World Athletics Championships]]|headercolor=#ABCAE9|nickname=#ABCAE9|nationality=[[Botswana]]|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=yes|2003|6|7}}|birth_place=[[Kanye, Botswana]]|employer=[[Nike, Inc.|Nike]]|height=1.85 m<ref name="Tilastopaja.eu">{{cite web |url=https://www.tilastopaja.info/db/at.php?Sex=1&ID=343821 |title=Tilastopaja Oy Track and field statistics {{!}} Letsile Tebogo |website=Tilastopaja.eu |access-date=24 June 2024 |archive-date=28 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328061705/https://www.tilastopaja.info/db/at.php?Sex=1&ID=343821 |url-status=live}}</ref>|weight=77 kg<ref name="Tilastopaja.eu"/>|country=[[Botswana]]|sport=[[Sport of athletics|Athletics]]|event=[[Sprint (running)|Sprints]]|medaltemplates={{Medal|Sport|Men's [[Sport of athletics|athletics]]}} {{Medal|Country|{{BOT}}}} {{Medal|Competition|[[World Athletics Championships|World Championships]]}} {{Medal|Silver|[[2023 World Athletics Championships|2023 Budapest]]|[[2023 World Athletics Championships – Men's 100 metres|100&nbsp;m]]}} {{Medal|Bronze|2023 Budapest|[[2023 World Athletics Championships – Men's 200 metres|200&nbsp;m]]}} {{MedalCompetition | [[IAAF World Relays|World Relays]] }} {{MedalGold|[[2024 IAAF World Relays|2024 Nassau]]|[[2024 IAAF World Relays – Men's 4 × 400 metres relay|4×400&nbsp;m relay]]}} {{Medal|Competition|[[African Championships in Athletics|African Championships]]}} {{Medal|Gold|[[2022 African Championships in Athletics|2022 Saint Pierre]]|[[2022 African Championships in Athletics – Men's 200 metres|200&nbsp;m]]}} {{Medal|Competition|[[World Athletics U20 Championships|World U20 Championships]]}} {{Medal|Gold|[[2021 World Athletics U20 Championships|2021 Nairobi]]|[[2021 World Athletics U20 Championships – Men's 100 metres|100&nbsp;m]]}} {{Medal|Gold|[[2022 World Athletics U20 Championships|2022 Cali]]|[[2022 World Athletics U20 Championships – Men's 100 metres|100&nbsp;m]]}} {{Medal|Silver|2021 Nairobi|[[2021 World Athletics U20 Championships – Men's 200 metres|200&nbsp;m]]}} {{Medal|Silver|2022 Cali|[[2022 World Athletics U20 Championships – Men's 200 metres|200&nbsp;m]]}}}}'''Letsile Tebogo''' (o tshotswe ka Kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e le supa ka ngwaga wa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le boraro (2003)<ref name=":0">[https://worldathletics.org/athletes/botswana/letsile-tebogo-14883897 "Letsile TEBOGO – Athlete Profile"]. ''[[:en:World_Athletics|World Athletics]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240418081510/https://worldathletics.org/athletes/botswana/letsile-tebogo-14883897 Archived] from the original on 18 April 2024. Retrieved 20 Phalane 2025.</ref>), ke motabogi wa [[Botswana]]. O fentse seetsele sa gauta kwa [[Diolimpiking tsa Selemo tsa 2024|Diolimpiking tsa Selemo tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone 2024]] mo kgaisanong ya [[dimitara di le 200|dimitara di le makgolo a mabedi 200]], phenyo e ya gagwe e ne ya dira gore Botswana e nne le seetsele sa ntlha sa gauta sa Diolimpiki. Gape o ne a gapa seetsele sa selefera kwa [[Dikgaisanong tsa Lefatshe tsa 2023]] tsa [[100 m]] mme a o sala morago ka seetsele sa bronze mo [[200 m]] malatsi a le matlhano moragonyana.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/aug/20/usas-noah-lyles-wins-100m-world-title-as-hughes-seals-bronze-for-gb "USA's Noah Lyles wins 100m world title as Hughes seals bronze for GB"]. ''The Guardian''. The Associated Press. 20 August 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230820193856/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/aug/20/usas-noah-lyles-wins-100m-world-title-as-hughes-seals-bronze-for-gb Archived] from the original on 20 August 2023. Retrieved 20 Phalane 2025.</ref> Tebogo o ne a fenya lebelo [[dimetara di le lekgolo]] le go tsaya maemo a bobedi mo go la [[200m]] kwa [[2021 World Athletics U20 Championships]] le [[2022 World Athletics Under-20 Championships]]. Ka 2021, o ne a nna motabogi wa ntlha wa Botswana go gapa sekgele sa 100 m mo maemong ape fela a Dikgaisano tsa Lefatshe. Ke [[mmampodi wa Aforika wa 200 m 2022]], a nna mofenyi yo mmotlana go gaisa botlhe wa sekgele seo mo ditsong tsa dikgaisano. O thubile [[300 m]] go gaisa botlhe mo lefatsheng, a taboga nako ya metsotswana e le 30.69 ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole a le lesome le bosupa,ka ngwaga wa dikete tse ped le masome a mabedi le bone (2024) kwa bogodimong jwa Pretoria, Aforika Borwa.<ref>[https://worldathletics.org/news/report/letsile-tebogo-world-300m-best-pretoria "Tebogo breaks world 300 m best with 30.69 in Pretoria | REPORT | World Athletics"]. ''worldathletics.org''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240220013920/https://worldathletics.org/news/report/letsile-tebogo-world-300m-best-pretoria Archived] from the original on 20 February 2024. Retrieved 20 Phalane 2025.</ref> Mo ngwageng o o latelang, kwa [[2022 World Athletics U20 Championships]] kwa [[Cali]], o ne a roba rekoto ya lefatshe ya U20 mo motshamekong wa dimetara di le lekgolo (100). Gape ke mmampodi wa Afrika wa dimetara di le makgolo a mabedi (200(, morago ga go fenya dikgaisano tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi (2022 African Athletics Senior championships kwa [[Saint Pierre]], Mauritius. O ne a fenya gauta malatsi a le matlhano fela, morago ga a digela dingwaga dile lesome le boferabongwe. Sekgele se, se mo dira ene mmotlana go gaisa botlhe, yo o gapileng dietsele tsa gauta mo ditsong tsa kgaisano tse. Tebogo o tshwere rekoto [[ya lefatshe ya U20]] mo lebelong la 100 m fa e sale kakgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi (2022). E ne e le monna wa ntlha go tswa kwa Botswana go thuba sekgala sa [[metsotswana e le lesome]]. == Tiro == Tebogo o ne a bona maitemogelo a gagwe a ntlha a boditšhabatšhaba a le dingwaga di le lesome le bosupa kwa [[Dikgaisanong tsa Lefatshe Lotlhe tsa Mabelo tsa 2021|Dikgaisanong tsa Lefatshe Lotlhe tsa Mabelo tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bongwe (2021)]] tse di neng di tshwerwe ka Motsheganong kwa [[Chorzów]], kwa Poland.<ref name=":0" /> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe, o ne a gaisana kwa [[World Under-20 Championships]] kwa Nairobi, Kenya, a fenya [[dimitara di le 100]] mme a nna wa bobedi mo [[dimitara di le 200]].<ref name=":0" /> Erile ka Kgwedi ya Tlhakole a le lesome le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi (2022), Tebogo o ne a fenya seetsele sa lebelo la dimethara di le lekgolo (100 m), la dikgaisano tsa Botswana Athletic Association championship mo nakong ya metsotso e le lesome le metsotswana e le boferabobedi (10.08 seconds).<ref>Kolantsho, Calistus (21 February 2022). [https://www.mmegi.bw/sports/letsile-sets-new-100m-record/news "Letsile sets new 100m record"]. ''Mmegi Online.'' Retrieved 23 February 2022.</ref> O ne a tokafatsa maduo a mo kgweding tse pedi, a a isa ko nakong ya metsotso e le borabobongwe le metsotswana e masome a boferabongwe le bosupa (9.96 seconds), ko lebelong la Gaborone International meet, a dira rekoto e ntsha ya [[under 20 world record.]]<ref>[https://worldathletics.org/news/report/world-u20-records-knighton-19-49-tebogo-9-96 "World U20 sprint records fall as Knighton runs 19.49 and Tebogo clocks 9.96"]. [[:en:World_Athletics|World Athletics]]. 30 April 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220501054944/https://worldathletics.org/news/report/world-u20-records-knighton-19-49-tebogo-9-96 Archived] from the original on 1 May 2022. Retrieved 20 Phalane 2025.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi (2022) , o ne a tswelela a tokafatsa maduo ko lebelong la [[World athletic championships]] a a neng a tshwaretswe ko [[Eugene, Oregon.]] O ne a taboga mo nakong ya metsotso e le boferabongwe le metsotswana e ferabongwe le bone (9.94 seconds). Kgwedi e e latelang, o ne a tokafatsa maduo a gagwe gape, a taboga mo nakong ya masome a boferabongwe le metsotswana e masome a ferabongwe le bongwe (9.91 seconds), mo lebelong la 100m la dikgaisano tsa [[World Athletics U20 Championships]] kwa [[Cali]], Colombia.<ref>[https://worldathletics.org/competitions/world-athletics-u20-championships/cali22/news/report/wu20-cali-22-day-two-afternoon-tebogo "Tebogo runs 9.91 world U20 record to claim 100m crown in Cali"]. [[:en:World_Athletics|World Athletics]]. 3 August 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220813033144/https://www.worldathletics.org/competitions/world-athletics-u20-championships/cali22/news/report/wu20-cali-22-day-two-afternoon-tebogo Archived] from the original on 13 August 2022. Retrieved 20 Phalane 2025.</ref><ref>[https://www.worldathletics.org/awards/news/spotlight-rising-stars-kerrica-hill-letsile-tebogo "Spotlight on Rising Stars: Kerrica Hill and Letsile Tebogo"]. ''[[:en:World_Athletics|World Athletics]]''. 10 November 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221110095054/https://worldathletics.org/awards/news/spotlight-rising-stars-kerrica-hill-letsile-tebogo Archived] from the original on 10 November 2022. Retrieved 20 Phalane 2025.</ref> Morago ga mabelo a, o ne a ipelela phenyo e, a itshwantshanya le motshwari wa direkoto tsa 100 m le 200 m tsa lefatshe [[Usain Bolt.]]<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/tebogo-draws-bolt-comparisons-after-showboating-junior-record-2022-08-03/ "Tebogo draws Bolt comparisons after showboating to junior record"]. [[:en:Reuters|Reuters]]. 3 August 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220803053109/https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/tebogo-draws-bolt-comparisons-after-showboating-junior-record-2022-08-03/ Archived] from the original on 3 August 2022. Retrieved 20 Phalane 2025.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e le boferabobedi ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024), Tebogo o ne a fenya makgaolakgang a 200 m kwa [[Diolimpiking tsa Paris]], mme a bona seetsele sa ntlha sa gauta sa Botswana ka nako ya 19.46s.<ref name=":0" /><ref>[https://www.bbc.com/sport/olympics/articles/cp81x1k1yjno "Tebogo wins stunning 200m as Covid-hit Lyles denied"]. BBC Sport. Retrieved 20 Phalane 2025.</ref> Phenyo ya gagwe e ne ya dira gore go itsisiwe letsatsi la boikhutso kwa Botswana go keteka tiro ya gagwe e e boitshegang ka thapama ya kgwedi ya Phatwe e le boferabongwe.<ref>[https://apnews.com/article/olympics-2024-botswana-tebogo-168aca162724619b2a1718eeb882696e/ "Botswana's people get the afternoon off work to celebrate a first gold at the Olympics"]. [[:en:Associated_Press|Associated Press]]. 9 August 2024. Retrieved 20 Phalane 2025.</ref> [[Puso ya Botswana]] le yone e ne ya mo abela matlo a mabedi go mo leboga ka phenyo ya gagwe.<ref>[https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20240813-flags-and-dancing-as-botswana-welcomes-home-olympic-gold-1https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20240813-flags-and-dancing-as-botswana-welcomes-home-olympic-gold-1 "Flags and dancing as Botswana welcomes home Olympic gold"]. [[:en:France_24|France 24]]. 13 August 2024. Retrieved 20 Phalane 2025.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024), Tebogo o ne a nna mofenyi wa ntlha wa monna wa [[Kabo ya Naledi e e Tlhatlogang ya ga Jesse Owens]] e e sa tswang go tlhongwa kwa [[Wanda Diamond League Final in Brussel]]. 19.80 ya motshamiki yo wa dingwaga di le masome mabedi le motso e ne e le tiragatso e e gaisang ya makgaolakgang e e dirilweng ke motabogi wa monna wa dingwaga di le masome mabedi le boraro kgotsa kwa tlase, le fa a ne a sa fenya makgaolakgang.<ref>[https://www.diamondleague.com/news/general/jesse-owens-rising-star-award-letsile-tebogo/ "Jesse Owens Rising Star Award: Letsile Tebogo"]. ''IDL Diamond League''. Retrieved 20 Phalane 2025.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwgaa wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024), ka ntlha ya phitlhelelo ya gagwe e e sa tlwaelesegang jaaka mmampodi wa Diolimpiki tsa Botswana, Tebogo o ne a amogela seetsele sa [[Mokgatlho wa Dikomiti tsa Bosetšhaba tsa Diolimpiki]] (ANOC) ya motabogi yo o gaisang wa monna wa Paris 2024.<ref>[https://olympics.com/en/news/julien-alfred-letsile-tebogo-anoc-awards-winners-complete-listympic-committees-2024-awards "Julien Alfred and Letsile Tebogo lead Association of National Olympic Committees 2024 awards"]. ''Olympics.com''. 30 October 2024.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwgaa wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024), Tebogo o ne a bidiwa [[Motabogi wa Monna wa Ngwaga]] wa World Athletics.<ref>[https://worldathletics.org/awards/news/hassan-tebogo-world-athletics-awards-2024 "Hassan and Tebogo named World Athletes of the Year"]. ''World Athletics''. 1 December 2024. Retrieved 20 Phalane 2025..</ref> Mo go yone tiragalo eo, Tebogo o ne a bidiwa mofenyi wa Motabogi wa Ngwaga wa Monna wa Lebala a le kwa pele ga mofenyi wa seetsele sa gauta wa Norway wa dimetara di le 5000 e bong J[[akob Ingebrigtsen]].<ref>[https://www.msn.com/en-za/news/other/letsile-tebogo-botswana-sprinter-wins-male-athlete-of-the-year-after-impressive-olympics-performance/ar-AA1v4Xp6 "MSN"]. ''www.msn.com''. Retrieved 20 Phalane 2025.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwgaa wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025), mmampodi wa Diolimpiki Tebogo o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moemedi wa Letsatsi la Mabelo la Bana la ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025) ke [[World Athletics]].<ref>Admin, Runnerstribe (3 April 2025). [https://runnerstribe.com/latest-news/world-athletics-appoints-olympic-champion-tebogo-as-kids-athletics-day-2025-ambassador/ "World Athletics Appoints Olympic Champion Tebogo as Kids' Athletics Day 2025 Ambassador"]. ''Runner's Tribe''. Retrieved 20 Phalane 2025.</ref> Kwa [[2025 World Athletics Championships]], tse di neng di tshwaretswe kwa Tokyo, Japane, Tebogo o ne a kgaolwa mo makgaolakgannyeng a dimitara di le lekgolo (100), morago ga go simolola ka tsela e e sa siamang.<ref>[https://au.news.yahoo.com/disqualification-drama-as-gout-gouts-rivals-cop-stunning-setback-at-athletics-world-championships-221240591.html "Major twist for Gout Gout after disqualification drama at world championships"]. ''Yahoo News''. 14 September 2025. Retrieved 20 Phalane 2025.</ref> Kwa dikgaisanong tsa Lefatshe tsa Athletics tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025), tse di neng di tshwaretswe kwa Tokyo, Japane, Tebogo o ne a kgaolwa mo kgaisanong ya bofelo ya dimetara di le lekgolo (100), morago ga go simolola ka phoso.<ref>[https://au.news.yahoo.com/disqualification-drama-as-gout-gouts-rivals-cop-stunning-setback-at-athletics-world-championships-221240591.html "Major twist for Gout Gout after disqualification drama at world championships".] ''Yahoo News''. 14 September 2025. Retrieved 17 September 2025</ref> O ne a ikwadisetsa kgaisano ya makgaolakgang ya dimetara di le 200,<ref>Kano, Shintaro (18 September 2025). [https://www.olympics.com/en/news/world-athletics-championships-2025-men-200m-semi-final-lyles-tebogo-gout-results "World Athletics Championships Tokyo 2025: Noah Lyles unleashes men's 200m world lead of 19.51 to reach final; Gout Gout crashes out".] ''Olympics''. Retrieved 22 June 2026.</ref><ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/international-sports/noah-lyles-eyes-world-record-in-200m-final-against-letsile-tebogo-timing-how-to-watch-and-streaming-details/articleshow/123984514.cms "Noah Lyles eyes world record in 200m final against Letsile Tebogo: Timing, how to watch, and streaming details".] ''The Times of India''. 19 September 2025. ISSN&#x20;0971-8257. Retrieved 22 June 2026.</ref>kwa a fentseng mo maemong a bone morago ga Noah Lyles, Kenneth Bednarek, le Bryan Levell.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/sport/athletics/articles/cddm3reng84o "World Athletics Championships 2025 results: Noah Lyles wins fourth 200m gold".] ''BBC Sport''. 19 September 2025. Retrieved 22 June 2026.</ref><ref>Kano, Shintaro (19 September 2025). [https://www.olympics.com/en/news/world-athletics-championships-2025-men-200m-lyles-final-results "World Athletics Championships Tokyo 2025: Noah Lyles four-peats in men's 200m to join Usain Bolt".] ''Olympics''. Retrieved 22 June 2026.</ref><ref>Jeffery, Nicole (19 September 2025). [https://worldathletics.org/competitions/world-athletics-championships/world-athletics-championships-tokyo-2025-7190593/news/report/world-championships-tokyo-25-report-mens-200m "Lyles wins fourth world 200m title in Tokyo | News | Tokyo 25 | World Athletics Championships"]. ''World Athletics''. Retrieved 22 June 2026.</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e le masome a mabedi le bongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025), o ne a thusa Botswana go fenya 4 × 400 m relay ka nako ya 2:57.76.<ref>Phillips, Mitch; Mulvenney, Nick (21 September 2025). [https://www.reuters.com/sports/botswana-make-history-with-thrilling-4x400m-relay-gold-2025-09-21/ "Botswana make history with 4x400m relay gold, US take women's title"]. ''Reuters''. Retrieved 22 June 2026.</ref>Setlhopha se ne se na le Tebogo, [[Collen Kebinatshipi]], [[Bayapo Ndori]], le [[Lee Eppie]].<ref>Rowbottom, Mike (21 September 2025)[https://worldathletics.org/en/competitions/world-athletics-championships/world-athletics-championships-tokyo-2025-7190593/news/report/world-championships-tokyo-25-report-mens-4x400m . "Botswana claims gold in men's 4x400m in Tokyo | News | Tokyo 25 | World Athletics Championships"]. ''World Athletics''. Retrieved 22 June 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le borataro (2026), Tebogo o ne a taboga legato la bobedi la kgaisano ya 4 × 400 m kwa 2026 World Athletics Relays kwa Gaborone, Botswana, fa pele ga bareetsi ba kwa gae. Setlhopha se ne sa dira nako ya bofelo ya 2:54.47, e e neng e le rekoto ya kgaisano e bile e le ya boraro e e neng e le bonako go gaisa mo kgaisanong eo ka nako eo.<ref>Mulkeen, Jon (3 May 2026). [https://worldathletics.org/competitions/world-athletics-relays/world-athletics-relays-7216920/news/report/gaborone-26-report-men-4x400m-final "Botswana bring World Relays to epic close with historic men's 4x400m win | News | Gaborone 26 | World Athletics Relays".] ''World Athletics''. Retrieved 22 June 2026.</ref><ref>Zaccardi, Nick (3 May 2026). [https://www.nbcsports.com/olympics/news/world-relays-2026-results-botswana "World Relays 2026: Botswana wins historic men's 4x400m; Michael Johnson relay split record falls".] ''NBC Sports''. Retrieved 22 June 2026.</ref> == Diphitlhelelo == === Tsa gagwe tse di gaisang === {| class="wikitable" !Sekgele !Nako (s) !Phefo !Lefelo !Letsatsi !Dinopolo |- |100 meters |9.86 | +1.0 m/s |Paris, France |August 4, 2024 |'''<abbr>NR</abbr>''' |- |200 meters |19.46 | |Paris, France |August 8, 2024 |'''<abbr>NR</abbr>''', '''<abbr>AR</abbr>''' |- |300 meters |30.69 | |Pretoria, South Africa |February 17, 2024 |'''<abbr>WB</abbr>''' |- |400 meters |44.29 | |Pretoria, South Africa |March 18, 2024 | |- ! colspan="6" |Youth and junior achievements |- |100 meters |9.91 | +0.8 m/s |Cali, Colombia |August 2, 2022 |World under-20 record |- |200 meters |19.96 | -1.0 m/s |Cali, Colombia |August 4, 2022 |'''<abbr>AU20R</abbr>''' |} === Dikgaisanyo tsa boditshabatshaba === {| class="wikitable sortable" |+A emetse  Botswana !Ngwaga !Kgaisano !Lefelo !Maemo !Tiragalo !Nako !Dinopolo |- | rowspan="3" |2021 |World Relays |Chorzów, Poland |13th (h) |4 × 100 m relay |39.55 |<abbr>SB</abbr> |- | rowspan="2" |World U20 Championships | rowspan="2" |Nairobi, Kenya |1st |100 m |10.19 | |- |2nd |200 m |20.38 | |- | rowspan="5" |2022 | rowspan="2" |African Championships | rowspan="2" |Saint Pierre, Mauritius |1st |200 m |20.26 | |- |– (f) |4 × 100 m relay |<abbr>DQ</abbr> |- |World Championships |Eugene, OR, United States |16th (sf) |100 m |10.17 |(h: '''<abbr>WU20R</abbr>''' '''<abbr>NR</abbr>''' ) |- | rowspan="2" |World U20 Championships | rowspan="2" |Cali, Colombia |1st |100 m |9.91 |'''<abbr>CR</abbr>''' '''<abbr>WU20R</abbr>''' '''<abbr>NR</abbr>''' |- |2nd |200 m |19.96 |'''<abbr>CR</abbr>''' |- | rowspan="2" |2023 | rowspan="2" |World Championships | rowspan="2" |Budapest, Hungary |2nd |100 m |9.88 |'''<abbr>NR</abbr>''' |- |3rd |200 m |19.81 |- | rowspan="4" |2024 |World Relays |Nassau, Bahamas |1st |4 × 400 m relay |2:59.11 |- | rowspan="3" |Olympic Games | rowspan="3" |Paris, France |6th |100 m |9.86 |'''<abbr>NR</abbr>''' |- |1st |200 m |19.46 |'''<abbr>AR</abbr>''' |- |2nd |4 × 400 m relay |2:54.53 |'''<abbr>AR</abbr>''' |- | rowspan="3" |2025 | rowspan="3" |World Championships | rowspan="3" |Tokyo, Japan |— |100 m |<abbr>DQ</abbr> |False start |- |4th |200 m |19.65 | |- |1st |4 × 400 m |2:57.76 | |} === Diphenyo tsa gagwe tsa Circuit le bommampodi === * [[Diamond League]] ** [[2023]]: [[Lausanne Athletissima]] (200 m) ** [[2024]]: [[Monaco Herculis]] (200 m), [[Lausanne Athletissima]] (200 m), [[Kamila Skolimowska Memorial]] (200 m), [[Rome Golden Gala]] (100 m), [[Zürich Weltklasse]] (200 m) ** [[2025]]: [[Doha Diamond League]] (200 m), [[Prefontaine Classic]] (200 m) * [[World Athletics Continental Tour]] ** [[2023]]: [[Botswana Golden Grand Prix]] (200 m) ** [[2024]]: Grand Prix Lombardia Brescia (200 m) ** [[2025]]: [[Botswana Golden Grand Prix]] (200 m) [[Setshwantsho:Letsile Tebogo.jpg|thumb|200x200px|Letsile Tebogo (Botswana Athlete) Under 20.]] == Rekote ya Sechaba == * [[100 metres]]: '''9.91''' <small>(+0.8 m/s)</small> ( Cali, 3 August 2022) == Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe == * [[Lenaane la direkote tsa Botswana tsa mabelo]] == Metswedi == <references /> [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] 9fydqxekecvu6idftqtbgpcxvpnxpk4 0 8304 53600 53377 2026-07-30T04:10:14Z Lame Ralosetlha 12932 Created by translating the section "Writing" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358461802|Unity Dow]]" 53600 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Unity Dow|office=[[Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation (Botswana)|Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation]]|image=Unity Dow - PopTech 2011 - Camden Maine USA - 6269953840.jpg|alt=Photograph of an African woman in a grey brocaded suit standing in front of a backdrop depicting a group of African women in blue dresses, while giving a speech. She is wearing a geometrically patterned beaded neck collar, has a yellow device in her right hand, and is pointing with her left index finger to the left of the stage.|caption=Dow in 2011|predecessor=[[Vincent T. Seretse]]|president=[[Mokgweetsi Masisi]]|successor=[[Lemogang Kwape]]|term_start=2 November 2019|term_end=26 August 2020|majority2=193 (1.66%)|office2=[[Member of Parliament (Botswana)|Member of Parliament]] for [[Kgatleng West]]|predecessor2=''new constituency''|party=[[Botswana Congress Party]]|birth_name=Unity Diswai|birth_date={{birth date and age|1959|4|23|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Mochudi]], [[Bechuanaland Protectorate]] (now [[Botswana]]|spouse={{Marriage|Peter Nathan Dow|7 March 1984}}<br/> Karl J. Stahl{{sfn|Karlsruhe Institute of Technology|2008}}|children=3|alma_mater=[[University of Botswana and Swaziland]] ([[LLB]])<br>[[University of Edinburgh]]|profession=Lawyer, judge, politician, writer, and human rights activist}} '''Unity Dow''' (née '''Diswai'''; o tshotswe ka Moranang a le masome mabedi le boraro 1959) ke mmueledi wa [[Botswana|Motswana]]^{[<nowiki/>[[Batho ba ba tswang kwa Botswana ba bidiwa Motswana (bongwe) kgotsa Batswana (bontsi) .|N]]}^{[[Batho ba ba tswang kwa Botswana ba bidiwa Motswana (bongwe) kgotsa Batswana (bontsi) .|opolo 1]]]}, mokwadi, [[molweladitshwanelo tsa batho]] le [[Leloko la Palamente]] la [[Kgatleng Bophirima]] e sale ka Ngwanatsele 2024. O kile a nna moatlhodi kwa [[Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko ya Botswana]] le mo phateng a a farologaneng a Botswana. O tsholetswe kwa [[Bechuanaland|Bechuanaland Protectorate]] ke moroki le molemimorui, ba ba neng ba gatelela gore bana ba bone ba bone thuto, Dow o goletse mo motseng wa setso wa legae pele ga ditlhabololo tsa segompieno. O ne a bona thuto ya molao ka 1983 kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Botswana le Swaziland]], le fa dithuto tsa gagwe di ne tsa wediwa kwa Swaziland le kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Edinburgh]], kwa Scotland, ka Botswana a ne a sena sekolo sa molao ka nako eo. Fa a sena go aloga, Dow o ne a bula kantoro ya ntlha ya molao e le ya basadi gotlhe mo Botswana mme ka 1997 a nna mosadi wa ntlha go tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi kwa Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko ya lefatshe leo. Ka nako ya fa a ne a le mo tirong ya molao, Dow o ne a amega mo dikgetsing di le tharo tsa ditso mo Botswana. Ka 1992, e ne e le mongongoregi mo kgetsing e e botlhokwa ya semolao, ''[[Unity Dow v Attorney-Genera]]''l, e e neng ya fedisa go tlhaola batho ka bong mo [[melaong ya bosetšhaba]] ya setšhaba e pele e neng e sa letle bana go bona bosetšhaba mo go bommaabone ba ba nyetsweng. Kgetse e ne ya bonela Dow tebelelo ya boditšhabatšhaba mme ya tsosa lekhubu la diphetogo tse di fedisang go sa lekalekane ga bong mo melaong ya bosetšhaba go ralala Aforika. Ka 2006, jaaka moatlhodi yo o okametseng kgetse ya ga ''Roy Sesana and Others v. the Government of Botswana'', Dow o ne a atlhola kgatlhanong le ditiro tsa puso tsa go thibela [[batho ba tlholego ba Basarwa]] go nna le go tsoma mo [[mafelong a borraabonemogologolwane]], mme seo sa ba pateletsa go nna gape kwa ntle ga [[Central Kalahari Game Reserve]]. O ne a atlhola gore puso e tshwanetse go busetsa ditirelo tsa motheo, e letle Basarwa go boela mo lefatsheng le go bona ditetla tsa go tsoma, le go duela ditshenyegelo mo go ba ba fudusitsweng ka dikgoka fa ba ka tlhopha go se boele. Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Dow o ne a dira jaaka mmueledi wa semolao wa [[LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo kgetseng ya bone ya go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa Lephateng la Kwadiso ya Matsalo mme ba atlega go amogela katlholo ya gore puso e letle mokgatlho o kwadisiwe. Dow o ne a tlhophiwa la ntlha go tsena mo [[Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba]] ka 2014, fa a ne a tlhophiwa ke Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] jaaka mopalamente yo o itlhophetsweng. O ne a tlhomiwa la ntlha go nna Mothusa Tona wa Thuto mme ka 2015 a nna Tona ya Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Dikitso. Morago ga moo o ne a dira jaaka Tona ya Thuto ya Motheo, Tona ya Mafaratlhatlha le Tlhabololo, le Tona ya Merero ya mafatshe a sele, pele ga a nna moeteledipele wa [[lemorago]] ka 2020. O dirile mo dikhuduthamageng le dikomiting di le mmalwa tsa boditšhabatšhaba, a sekaseka tiriso ya melao e e amang ditshwanelo tsa batho kwa [[Kenya]], [[Palastina]], [[Rwanda]] le [[Sierra Leone]]. Ka 2000, Dow o ne a simolola go gatisa dipadi, ka tlwaelo o ne a lebile dikgang tsa loago le tsa semolao le ditlamorago tsa tsone mo dipopegong tsa bong le tsa maatla. Dibuka tse di sekaseka mekgwa ya loago le go dirisa batho botlhaswa ka go ba sotlaka, go dirisa dikgoka le go gatelela ditshwanelo tsa batho. O amogetse dikakgolo le ditlotla di le dintsi ka ntlha ya tiro ya gagwe ya go thusa batho, go akaretsa le [[Legion of Honor]] ka 2010. == Botshelo jwa pele le thuto == Unity Dow o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Moranang e le malatsi a masome mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 1959 mo motseng wa [[Mochudi]], mo [[Kgaolo ya Kgatleng|kgaolong ya Kgatleng]], mo lefatsheng la [[Botswana]] le ka nako eo e neng ele [[Bechuanaland|Bechuanaland Protectorate]]<ref name=":0">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLedererMacharia-Mokobi2012|Lederer & Macharia-Mokobi 2012]], p. 248.</ref><ref name=":15">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004]], p. 34.</ref> mo batsading ba gagwe Phiri le Maefshane Diswai (ba ba itsegeng gape ka leina la Moses le Ellen Diswai), ditlogolwana tsa merafe ya tlholego ya [[Basarwa]] le maloko a merafe ya Bakgatla. Motseselegae o a goletseng mo go one o ne o sa tshelwa ditsela, motlakase le metsi a a elang. Go ne go sena mesokelatsebeng e bile o ne a ise a bone setsidifatsi go fitlha a nna mo dingwageng tsa bonana, le fa e le thelebishene go fitlha a nna dingwaga di le masome a mabedi.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDaymondLenta2004|Daymond & Lenta 2004]], p. 48.</ref><ref name=":1">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFEllis2012|Ellis 2012.]]</ref> Mmaagwe e ne e le moroki, yo o neng a kgona go bala le go kwala ka [[Setswana]], mme e seng Seesemane.<ref name=":2">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFSunday_Standard2007|''Sunday Standard'' 2007.]]</ref><ref name=":3">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDaymondLenta2004|Daymond & Lenta 2004]], p. 49.</ref> Rraagwe, yo o neng a bereka mo polasing e nnye, o ne a bua le go bala Seesemane.<ref name=":3" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNarloch2012|Narloch 2012]], p. 3.</ref> Fa rraagwe a ne a le kwa sekolong, o ne a gapa thuso ya madi a go tsena [[Yunibesithi ya Fort Hare]], mme thuso eo e ne ya newa morwa kgosi boemong jwa gagwe. Mo batsading ba gagwe ka bobedi, thuto e ne ya nna selo sa botlhokwa mme bana ba bone ba le barataro mo go ba le supa ba ne ba wetsa dithuto tsa bone tsa yunibesithi.<ref name=":3" /> Dithuto tsa bone tsa [[Bophirima]] di ne di sa tlwaelega mo metseselegaeng ya Botswana ka nako eo.<ref name=":2" /> Diswai o weditse dithuto tsa gagwe tse di potlana le tse dikgolwane kwa Mochudi.<ref name=":0" /> Morago ga sekolo se segolwane, o ne a ithutela molao kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Botswana le Swaziland]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Ka gonne go ne go sena sekolo sa molao mo Botswana ka nako eo, ka fa tlase ga thulaganyo ya thuso ya Borithane o ne a tsena yunibesithi kwa [[Eswatini|Swaziland]] mme a wetsa dingwaga di le pedi tsa dithuto kwa Scotland, kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Edinburgh]], pele ga a bona digerata ya gagwe ya [[Bachelor of Laws]] ka 1983 kwa Yunibesithing ya Botswana le Swaziland.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":4">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFUniversity_of_Edinburgh2010|University of Edinburgh 2010.]]</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDaymondLenta2004|Daymond & Lenta 2004]], pp. 49–50.</ref> == Molao le bolweladitshwanelo == === Tiro ya gagwe ya pele (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity Dow - PopTech 2011 - Camden Maine USA - 6266756376.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Unity Dow]] Diswai o ne a bona dithutego tsa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go bereka kwa dikantorong tsa [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana]] e le mosekisi wa melato ya borukutlhi kwa [[Gaborone]]. O nyalane le moagi wa Amerika, Peter Nathan Dow, ka Mopitlo a supa 1984. Banyalani ba ba ne ba nna kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0" /> Ka 1986, Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong e e ikemetseng ka nosi e e neng e dira tiro ya molao wa bosenyi, mme a bula feme ya Dow Malakaila, e leng feme ya ntlha ya molao ya basadi-botlhe mo lefatsheng leo. Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa bomme mo Botswana sa [[Emang Basadi]] (Emela Basadi ka dinao). Ka 1988, leina la feme le ne la fetolwa moragonyana go nna Dow Lesetedi and Company.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFSegwai2008|Segwai 2008.]]</ref><ref name=":4" /> Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a simolola mmogo mokgatlho wa Basadi le Molao mo Borwa jwa Aforika (WLSA) go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dikgetsi.<ref name=":0" /> Go tloga ka 1988 go fitlha ka 1991, Dow o ne a direla WLSA dipatlisiso, a thusa go wetsa thutopatlisiso ya kgaolo ka ga ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi mo mafatsheng a le marataro tse di mabapi.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":2" /> Ka 1990, o thusitse go tlhoma Lefelo la Tshedimosetso la Basadi la Metlhaetsile go rotloetsa thuto ka ditshwanelo tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka 1990, Dow o ne a tlhatlhela kgetsi kwa [[Kgotla Kgolong ya Ditsheko ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" /> Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagi wa 1984, ke fela [[bana ba ba seng ka fa molaong]] ba ba neng ba ka bona bosetšhaba ka mmaabo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1992|Quansah 1992]], p. 196.</ref> Ka bana ba gagwe ba le babedi mo go ba le bararo le Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa tsewe e le Batswana.<ref name=":6">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBeyani1994|Beyani 1994]], p. 294.</ref> Ka go boifa gore go ka nna le kgonagalo ya gore fa tetla ya ga Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng e felelwa ke nako ka 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ka nna la patelesega go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola kgetsi ya [[Unity Dow v Attorney-General]] a latofatsa gore Molao wa Boagi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefadiwa le go sotlakakwa mo go seng mo sethong. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhela e ema Dow nokeng e dumalana gore molao o ama tlhopho ya gagwe e e gololesegileng ya gore o tla nyala mang, o ka mo pateletsa go kgaogana le lelwapa la gagwe fa ditetlelelo tsa bonno tsa monna wa gagwe le bana ba gagwe di sa ntšhwafadiwe, mme o ne o tlhaola.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFColdham1992|Coldham 1992]], pp. 91–92.</ref> === Tiro ya magareng (1991–2009) === Dow o ne a tsere sebaka sa dingwaga di le pedi a beetse tiro ya gagwe ya molao kwa tlhoko ka 1991 ka ntlha ya kgetse e mme ka nako eo, o ne a simolola mmogo Sekolo se se botlana sa Baobob kwa Gaborone le AIDS Action Trust.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":8">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFColumbia_Law_School2009|Columbia Law School 2009.]]</ref> O ne a dira jaaka mogokaganyi wa WLSA go tloga ka 1992 go fitlha ka 1994,<ref name=":5" /> fa boikuelo jwa kgetse ya gagwe bo santse bo letilwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo, ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya nganga gore go tlhaola basadi go sireleditswe ke dipeelo tsa molaomotheo go somarela dingwao tsa setso tsa Botswana, e e neng e le setšhaba sa [[losika lwa borre]].<ref name=":6" /> <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], pp. 190–191.</ref> Mmueledi Mogolo le ene o ne a ganela gore Dow o ne a na le maitsetsepelo, a bolela gore ene ka boene ga a a utlwisiwa botlhoko ke sepe.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], p. 190.</ref> [[Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Tautona ya Baatlhodi [[Austin Amissah]], e ne ya swetsa ka gore kgethololo ya bong e thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ka se fete dipeelo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse Botswana e neng e na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le modumedi wa tsone.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBeyani1994|Beyani 1994]], p. 295.</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], p. 196.</ref> Mo kgannyeng ya maitsetsepelo, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go na le kgonagalo ya gore a ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne a gobaditswe, mme go kgaogana le ba lelwapa la gagwe go tla bo go nyenyefatsa le go tlhoka setho.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], pp. 200–201.</ref> Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa katlholo ya Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditseko ka diphetogo tse dinnye, ya bolela gore Dikarolo tsa bone le botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagi ga di dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], p. 189.</ref> Ka ntlha ya katlholo e e botlhokwa e, ka 1995 Molao wa Boagi o ne wa baakanngwa go tlosa go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go boneng bosetšhaba mo Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFManby2010|Manby 2010]], p. 50.</ref> Katlholo e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go ralala Aforika go gatelela phetogo mo melaong ya bone ya bosetšhaba le go fedisa go sa lekalekane ga bong, mme seno sa felela ka gore mo e ka nnang sephatlo sa mafatshe a Aforika a baakanye melao ya bosetšhaba ka 2010.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPailey2020|Pailey 2020]], p. 1839.</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFManby2010|Manby 2010]], p. 48.</ref> Go tloga ka 1994 go fitlha ka 1998, Dow o ne a dira jaaka mokaedi wa Setheo sa Tshedimosetso sa Basadi sa Metlhaetsile mme ka nako eo o ne a gatisa ''The Citizenship Case'' ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le botlhano, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa kgetse ya gagwe.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":4" /> Ka 1996, o ne a dira mo kgetsing e e neng e amana le [[go tlhokomela bana]] e e neng ya felela ka gore go dirwe phetolo ya melao ya tshegetso, mme ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bosupa o ne a tlhagisa kgetse ka ga [[bolwetse jwa basadi ba ba itewang]], a tsaya gore tseno ke dikgang tse di botlhokwa mo basading.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":9">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDavis2014|Davis 2014]], p. 227.</ref> Mo ngwageng oo, Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi kwa [[Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kwa kgotlatshekelong ka Firikgong 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5" /> Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetlho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go dira jaaka moatlhodi kwa Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko.<ref name=":16">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLedererMacharia-Mokobi2012|Lederer & Macharia-Mokobi]] 2012, p. 249.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone , Dow o ne a dira jaaka karolo ya thomo ya [[Lekgotla la Ditshaba]] go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le [[Charlotte Abaka]] wa Mo-Ghana, yo e kileng ya bo e le modulasetilo wa [[Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref name=":7">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDivision_for_the_Advancement_of_Women2004|Division for the Advancement of Women 2004]], p. 8.</ref> [[Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya Middle East Technical University ya Bong le Basadi; kwa [[Ankara]], kwa Turkey;<ref name=":7" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBianet2019|Bianet 2019.]]</ref> [[Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa Gender Studies and Human Rights Documentation Centre kwa [[Accra]];<ref name=":7" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBowman2019|Bowman 2019]], p. 4.</ref> le Moaforika Borwa, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]], moporofesara wa molao kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Puso ya Pennsylvania|Yunibesithing ya Pennsylvania]] [[Yunibesithing ya Puso ya Pennsylvania|State]].<ref name=":7" /> Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna molaodi wa [[Khuduthamaga ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong ao ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe.<ref name=":12">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLazaroff2012|Lazaroff 2012]].</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro , o ne a tlhophiwa go direla mo komiting e kgolo ya Khuduthamaga ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi le balaodi ba le barataro ba ba boelelang le maloko a mararo a masha, go akaretsa le ene, [[Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa [[Serbia]] le [[Raji Sourani]] wa [[Palastina]].<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPalestinian_Centre_for_Human_Rights2006|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights 2006]].</ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo kgetsing ya ''[[Roy Sesana and Others v. the Government of Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa kwa Kgotleng Kgolo ya Ditsheko ka 2002 ke batho ba Basarwa<ref name=":10">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], pp. 103–104, 107.</ref> (ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba bidiwang batho ba naga ya Kalahari)<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":9" /> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa kgetsi mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le 241 ba ba neng ba tsena mo kgetsing fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e fedisa metsi mo lefelong leno la polokelo, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisa go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, le go leka go tlosa Basarwa ka dikgoka kwa ba nnang teng. Ba ne ba baakanya kgetse ya bone go akaretsa go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo le makgabisa naga go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong la tshireletso kwantle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya diteseletso tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref name=":10" /> Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka 2006, Dow o ne ya swetsa ka gore go fedisiwa ga ditirelo le go patelediwa go fudusiwa ga Basarwa go ne go emela tlolomolao ya tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaomotheo.<ref name=":5" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], pp. 108–109.</ref> O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ditshenyegelo di duelwe ba ba neng ba fudusitswe mme ba se na keletso ya go boa.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], p. 109.</ref> Mo kgannyeng ya diteseletso tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro ba ne ba dumalana gore di ne di thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, ka le fa Lephata la Diphologolo le makgabisa Naga le ne le sa patelesege go ntsha diteseletso, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela ka nako e gape ba neng ba emisa mophako, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa batho ba Basarwa jwa go itshedisa.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], pp. 115–117.</ref> Mo kgannyeng ya diteseletso tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go dirisa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], p. 120.</ref> Kgetse e, go ya ka moporofesa wa molao Clement Ng'ong'ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana go amogela ditshwanelo tsa batho ba tlholego mo mafatsheng a borraabonemogologolwane.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], p. 121.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bosupa, Dow o ne a dira jaaka leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya Rwanda le go sekaseka gore lefatshe le ka tswa jang mo [[dikgotlhang]] tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya yone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo dikgetseng tsa [[polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba bo tshekiso e e sa tseeng letlhakore.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREF%C3%85hlund2007|Åhlund 2007]], p. 5.</ref><ref name=":11">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFUniversity_of_South_Australia2009|University of South Australia 2009]].</ref> Nngwe ya dikgetsi tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le malebang le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la dino tse di tagang. Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome mararo mme kgetse e ne ya feleletsa e tholotswe.<ref name=":5" /> O ne a rola tiro mo setilong ka kgwedi ya Moranang,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[Sekolong sa Molao sa Yunibesithi ya Washington le Lee]] kwa [[Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a dira jaaka moporofesa yo o etileng kwa [[Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":11" /> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010–gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome , Dow o ne a tlhoma feme ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi eo o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[Tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong ya Nakwana e e Ikemetseng ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go diragatsa [[Molaomotheo]] o mosha wa Kenya.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNSW_Bar_Association2011|NSW Bar Association 2011]].</ref><ref name=":9" /> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bongwe , o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetulo wa Komiti e kgolo ya Molaodi wa Khuduthamaga ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCrowe2011|Crowe 2011]].</ref> Mo ngwageng oo Dow o ne a simolola go dira le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo tse dingwe tsa [[batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa Omang tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCamminga2020|Camminga 2020]], pp. 247–248.</ref> Ka nako eo kwa Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba baakanye ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dikwalong tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ne ba ya kwa ofising ya Omang le kwadiso matsalo go fetola dikwalo tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go tla ka taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCamminga2020|Camminga 2020]], pp. 244, 248.</ref> Ba ne ba kopa Dow go ba thusa, mme ene o ne a ikgolaganya le [[Setheo sa Ditsheko sa Aforika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le tshegetso ya madi.<ref name=":13">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCamminga2020|Camminga 2020]], p. 248.</ref> Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla newa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke kgetse, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo kgetsing e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa dikgetse tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref name=":13" />^{[Nopolo ya boraro]} Go fitlhelela seo, Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho wa [[LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo kgetsing ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya matsalo. Mokgatlho o ne o ganetswe ka go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Badiri le Merero ya Selegae, ka mabaka a gore ditiro tsa thatano ya bong di ne di se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng leo. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho go tlola tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore kgetse e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa thobalano, mme e le gore a maloko a ka kokoana le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMokwape2014a|Mokwape 2014a]].</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone , Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha le go se letla go kopana go ne go tlola Molaomotheo, Dikarolo ya boraro, lesome le bobedi, le lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, kgololesego ya go kopana, le kgololesego ya go kokoana ka go latelana.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMokwape2014b|Mokwape 2014b]].</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity Dow and Macsuzy Mondon, September 2015.jpg|thumb|200x200px|BoTona Dow le [[Macsuzy Mondon]] (Seychelles) ba saena Memo ya Kutlwano ya lenaneo la kananyo ya barutabana, 2015]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi a le malatsi marataro ngwaga wa dikete tse pedile lesome le bobedi , Dow o ne a tlhomiwa ke [[Lekgotla la Ditshwanelo tsa Batho la Lekgotla la Ditshaba]] jaaka mongwe wa baitseanape ba le bararo ba ba ikemetseng go dira thomo ya go batlisisa dintlha ka ga ka moo mafelo a bonno a Iseraele a kwa West Bank a amang Bapalestina ka teng.<ref name=":12" /> Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a swetsa go tsena mo dipolotiking mme a tsenelela lekoko la [[Botswana Democratic Party]].<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFSunday_Standard2012a|''Sunday Standard'' 2012a]].</ref> O ne a emela [[ditlhopho tsa setshaba tsa 2014]] tsa Kgaolo ya Mochudi Bophirima, mme a latlhegelwa ke go bata setilo mo Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBasimanebotlhe2014|Basimanebotlhe 2014]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane a le masome mabedi le boferabobedi ,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone, Dow o ne a tlhophiwa, mmogo le bontlhopheng ba bangwe ba le barataro, ke Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] wa Botswana jaaka leloko le le itlhophetsweng la palamente. Mmogo le [[Kenneth Matambo]], [[Kitso Mokaila]], le Eric Molale, o ne a fenya ditlhopho mme a tlhomiwa go nna Mothusa Tona wa Thuto mo Pusong eo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMotsamai2014|Motsamai 2014]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMosikare2014|Mosikare 2014]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Dikitso ke Khama, a tlhatlhama [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]], Mothusatautona wa Botswana yo wa nako eo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPiet2015|Piet 2015]].</ref> Ka nako ya fa a ne a le mo Lephateng, Dow o ne a tlhoma lenaneo la go katisa barutabana go tswa kwa Seychelles kwa Botswana le go romela barutabana ba Batswana kwa ntle go ya go thusa Seychelles ka tlhaelo ya barutabana.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPhiloBonnelame2015|Philo & Bonnelame 2015]].</ref> O ne a direla mo maemong ao go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borataro, fa mo kabakanngwa cabinet, a ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto ya Motheo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMmegi2016b|''Mmegi'' 2016b]].</ref> Morago ga gore Khama a tloge mo maemong a botautona ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi , Dow o ne a sutisiwa ke Tautona yo o tsenang Masisi go tswa mo Thutong go ya kwa maemong a Tona ya Mafaratlhatlha le Tlhabololo ya Matlo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMwakideu2018|Mwakideu 2018]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGabathuse2018|Gabathuse 2018]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi 2018, mo phetogong ya cabinet, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Merero ya Mafatshe a Sele, a ananya setilo sa gagwe mo Mafaratlhatlheng le Matlo le Vincent Tina Seretse, yo o neng a tshwere Merero ya Mafatshe a sele mo nakong e e fetileng.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMorupisi2018|Morupisi 2018]].</ref> Masisi o ne a fenya botautona mo [[ditlhophong tsa setshaba tsa 2019]] mme a tlhomamisa gape Dow jaaka Tona ya Merero ya Mafatshe a Sele ya palamente ya bo lesome le bobedi ya Botswana.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMmegi2019|''Mmegi'' 2019]].</ref> Dow mmogo le barwadie Cheshe le Natasha, o ne a bula Dow Academy kwa Mochudi, [[Kgaolo ya Kgatleng]] ka Firikgong 2020. Sekolo seno se se ikemetseng se ruta thuto e potlana le e kgolwane.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLuebering2020|Luebering 2020]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi , Dow o ne a tlogela bodiredi jwa gagwe mme a emisediwa ka Lemogang Kwape mo phetogong ya cabinet.<ref name=":14">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMotlhoka2020|Motlhoka 2020]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGabathuse2020|Gabathuse 2020]].</ref> Dow o buile ka kgato e, "Jaaka tona o bua thata ka portfolio ya gago. Mme [[banka e e kwa morago]] e go naya kgololesego ya go botsolotsa dikgang tse di farologaneng tse di amang bosetšhaba. Tekanyetso e le nosi ke boemo jwa lekoko la me mo kgannyeng e e rileng".<ref name=":14" /> == Go kwala == Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi , fa Dow a ne a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dinaane, ke bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba dirile dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela babadi kwa ntle ga Botswana. <ref name=":15" /> Lengwe la mabaka a seno e ne e le kganetso e e tiileng ya boeteledipele jwa Batswana gore MaBorithane ba kopanye kgaolo ya bona le ya Aforika Borwa, e e neng ya isa kwa go itshireletseng kgatlhanong le Pan-Africanism le go tlhoka dipeeletso mo mafaratlhatlheng a setšhaba le tlhabololo ya thuto. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;34, 36.</ref> Bobedi dibuka tsa gagwe tsa non-fiction le tsa fiction di kopanya dikgang tsa loago le tsa semolao le seabe sa tsona mo bong le mo kagong ya maatla. <ref name=":9" /> <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] p.&#x20;35.</ref>Mosebetsi o mong le o mong wa Dow o hlahloba ditlwaelo tsa setjhaba tse lebisang ho se leka-lekane ha dikamano tsa matla le ho susumetsa pefo kgahlanong le basadi, tlhekefetso ya thobalano ya bana, bothata ba AIDS, le ho se lekane ha bong. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFJenkins2012|Jenkins 2012,]] p.&#x20;151.</ref> Batho ba ba mo bukeng ya gagwe ba dirisa tlhaloganyo go ganana le ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa setso sa setso. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFJenkins2012|Jenkins 2012]], p.&#x20;153.</ref> Ka padi ya gagwe ya ntlha, Far and Beyon' (2000), Dow o ne a bua thata ka ga leroborobo la AIDS le ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka mo malapeng, segolo jang ka fa basadi ba ba tshelang mo setšhabeng sa borra-bana ba lebanang le malapa a a senang borre ka ntlha ya tshenyo e e tlisitseng kwa Botswana ya kwa magaeng. <ref name=":16" /><ref name=":17">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGagiano2004|Gagiano 2004,]] p.&#x20;40.</ref>E sekaseka dithibelo tsa ditlwaelo tsa setso, meetlo, le ditheo tse di beilweng mo basading le mo basading ka go dirisa dikago tse di ikaegileng ka banna.<ref name=":17" /> Mo kanegelong eno, Mara, mmè yo o sa itseng go bala le go kwala yo o nang le bokgoni jo bo lekanyeditsweng jwa go itlamela, o setse a na le monna a le mongwe le barwa ba le babedi ba ba bolawang ke AIDS, monna yo mongwe a mo latlha, mme molekane wa gagwe wa boraro o mo sotla.<ref name=":18">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004]], p.&#x20;38</ref> <ref name=":17" />Mara o bolela gore loso lwa barwa ba gagwe lo bakilwe ke mmaba yo o fitlhegileng mme o batla dikarabo mo go yo o bolelelang pele isagwe. Le fa morwadie, Mosadi (e e rayang mosadi), yo o itsegeng jaaka Mosa, le morwawe yo o setseng, Stan, ba sa dumele gore meetlo ya mmoki e tla tlhalosa gore ke ka ntlha yang fa bomorwarraabone ba sule, ba tsamaya mmogo le meletlo e e laetsweng. <ref name=":18" /> Fa Mosa a lemoga gore o imile mme o latlhetswe ke rraagwe ngwana, o swetsa go senya mpa ka sephiri, go na le go imetsa mmaagwe go feta.<ref name=":18" /> Mo maitekong a go fodisa lelapa la gagwe, Mosa o sekaseka ditlwaelo tsa loago tse di kgaoganyang banna le basadi le go godisa ditiro tsa banna, a ruta basadi go itlhokomolosa diphoso tsa bone. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGagiano2004|Gagiano 2004,]] p.&#x20;41.</ref>A nna a ikanyega mo lelapeng la gagwe le mo setsong sa gagwe, o ithuta go gana go amogela maitsholo a a sa siamang mo setšhabeng sa gaabo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGagiano2004|Gagiano 2004,]] p.&#x20;42.</ref>Ka tsela e, Dow o tlhatlhoba gore go ineela ga setšhaba le go didimala ka diphoso mo setšhabeng go isa jang kwa tlhakatlhakanong ya mogopolo le go dirisa ba ba senang maatla ka tsela e e sa siamang ke ba ba nang le maatla go feta. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;38–40.</ref> Dipolelo tse di tshwanang di ne tsa tsenngwa mo bukeng ya bobedi ya ga Dow, The Screaming of the Innocent (2001), e e sekasekang gape maatlafatso ya basadi mo nageng e e tletseng ka bonweenwee jwa sepodisi, polao ya ngwao, sephiri sa setheo, le tidimalo ya setšhaba. <ref name=":15" /> Go batlisisa tlwaelo ya setso ya dipheko, go bolaya mongwe go kotula dirwe tsa gagwe tsa mmele ka ntlha ya dinonofo tsa bone tsa boselamose tsa lesego le katlego, Dow o bontsha ka moo bahumi le ba ba maatla ba tsomang ka teng batho ba ba sa itseng go bala le go kwala ba kwa magaeng le go reka tidimalo ya babusi. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;40–41.</ref>Mo bukeng, mosetsanyana o bolailwe mo sekgweng gaufi le motse wa gaabo mme tshedimosetso ka ga kgetsi e ne ya thibelwa ke sepodisi le banna ba ba maatla ba lefelo la gaabo. Go kgaolwa ga mmele wa gagwe go fitlhilwe mo bukeng e le letshwao le le supang gore batho ga ba amogele mekgwa e e ntseng jalo mo setšhabeng ka kakaretso. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] p.&#x20;42.</ref>Protagonist, Amantle Bokaa, yo o fetsang tirelo ya gagwe ya bosetšhaba (e e itsegeng kwa Botswana jaaka Tirelo Sechaba), o fitlhela diaparo tse di nang le madi mo kamoreng ya tleliniki e a e abetsweng.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;42–43.</ref> Diaparo tseno ke tsa motho mongwe yo o neng a bolailwe pele ga moo, mme fa di neelwa baagi ba motse ba lemoga gore ba ne ba sa di itse. Bokaa, ka gore baagi ba motse ba dumela gore ga a kitla a bonwa ka tsela e e sa siamang ke balaodi, o tlhophiwa go bua le mapodisi mo boemong jwa baagi ba motse.[ 78] Ka gore ke mosadi le ngwana, o lebega a sena maatla, mme thuto ya gagwe, e e mo rutileng bokgoni jwa go dirisana le kganetso le go belaela ditumelo, e mo naya maatla le boitshepo go gwetlha molao wa tidimalo le dikgoreletsi tsa loago mo tseleng ya gagwe. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] p.&#x20;43.</ref> <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNgom2018|Ngom 2018,]] p.&#x20;23.</ref>Tiro ya ga Dow ga e bue fela ka dikamano tsa maatla, mme gape e bua ka dilo tse di tshosang tsa polao ya ngwao le polao ya basadi.[ 80] O tlhalosa ka tlhamalalo tumelo ya gagwe ya gore basadi e tla nna bone ba ba tla fetolang dipholisi go fedisa mekgwa e e ntseng jalo.[ 81] Far and Beyon′ e ne ya gololwa la ntlha kwa Botswana mme morago ya gatisiwa kwa Australia. The Screaming of the Innocent e ne ya gatisiwa la ntlha kwa Australia mme ya gatisiwa gape kwa Afrika Borwa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le boraro. Buka ya gagwe ya boraro, Juggling Truths, e ne ya phasaladiwa ngwaga oo kwa Australia mme ya gololwa ngwaga o o latelang kwa Afrika Borwa. 82] Dow gape o ne a tlhatlhoba ditlwaelo tsa setso tse di sa siamang le ditlwaelo tsa loago ka maano a go di lwantsha.[ 83] Le fa a ne a kile a batlisisa ka ga setšhaba sa Aforika le mathata a a bakilweng ke go ganana le segompieno sa Bophirima le setso sa selegae, tiro e e tsepamisitse maikutlo mo tiragalong ya go lekalekanya go dumalana le ditlwaelo tse di siameng le tse di sa siamang mo setsong sa selegae. [ Ka go dirisa setshwano sa Monei, mosetsana yo monnye yo o nnang mo motseng wa magae, Dow o tlhatlhoba dingwao tsa molomo le tiriso ya ditlhamane le ditlhamane jaaka tsela ya go tsenya dikaelo tsa maitsholo le jaaka taolo ya loago mo baneng. 85] Buka eno e gwetlha dilo tse di jaaka tumelo ya gore go bolaya segwagwa se se nnang se lebile go ka baka matsubutsubu a magolo, gore go tsalana le motho yo o nang le boswafi go ka tlisa bomadimabe, kana gore go nwa motlhapo wa poo go ka thusa motho go ithuta go letsa molodi. Gape e na le dipolelo tse di buang ka selalome sa monna se se medisang bana le moruti yo o sotlang basetsana ka tlhakanelodikobo. Ditema tse di mo kanegelong di golaganya Juggling Truths le dibuka tsa ntlha tse pedi tsa ga Dow mme di kaya gore basetsana le basadi ba kgona go tlhabolola nonofo ya bone ka thuto le go akanya ka go ikemela. 85][86] Dow o atamela tshekatsheko ya gagwe ya go raraana ga loago a dirisa mefuta e e farologaneng ya ditsereganyo, a lemoga gore ga go na ditharabololo tse di bonolo.[ 87] Juggling Truths e ne e le moanelwa wa Percy FitzPatrick Prize mo setlhopheng sa basha ba ba godileng ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro.[ 88] Buka ya Dow ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bosupa ya The Heavens May Fall e bua ka boitshupo jo bo fetogang go tswa mo setšhabeng sa setso go ya mo lefatsheng la segompieno la lefatshe lotlhe. Mo matlhong a ga Dow, setšhaba se fetoga ka metlha; ka ntlha ya seo, ngwao, bong, boitshupo, puo, kago ya loago le ditheo di a fetoga. 89] Kgang e e buang ka botshelo jwa ga Dow, e bua ka phetogo go tswa mo ditseleng tse di se nang ditshipi go ya go diphaepe tsa metsi tsa mo teng ga ntlo le ka moo khumo ya teemane e neng ya dira gore go nne le thuto, tlhokomelo ya boitekanelo le ditirelo.[ Buka e e neetswe bana ba gagwe ba bararo, e boeletsa ka moo dikakanyo ka ga bone di fetogileng ka teng, jaaka e le Maaforika, mme gape ba abelana ka boitshupo jo bo raraaneng ka gonne rraabone e ne e le moagi wa US. Mo nakong e kgang e diragalang ka yone, ba ne ba tla tsewa e le batswakwa. 91] Kgang e e bua ka Naledi, yo o belegweng pele ga go dirwa ga Botswana sešwa mme e diragala ka nako ya fa Dow a ne a gwetlha molao wa bosetšhaba.[ 92] Jaaka mmueledi, Naledi o emela basadi ba ba bokoa le bana ba ba tlhokang katlholo kgotsa thuso ya semolao. O tsaya kgetsi ya lekgarebe lengwe le le neng la betelelwa mme o senola gore tsamaiso ya semolao e e laolwang ke banna e ne e na le seabe, e leng se se dirileng gore kgetsi eno e se ka ya sekwa ka nako ya tsheko. Le fa kgetse e sa rarabololwa, molatofadiwa o ne a laelwa go dira teko ya HIV, ka ntlha ya gore motlhaselwa wa gagwe o ne a kile a tlhakanela dikobo a sa itshireletsa,[93] se se gatelelang diphetogo tsa loago le go fetofetoga ga maemo. Go nna monna ga go ne go naya molatofadiwa tshiamelo kgotsa maatla a go tila teko mo nageng e mo go yona tsamaiso ya molao e nang le tshireletso go akaretsa tshireletso ya basadi,[94] go sa kgathalesege gore tsamaiso ya molao e ne ya palelwa kwa bofelong Naledi.[ 68] == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} [[Karolo:Ditsalo tsa 1959]] [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] [[Karolo:Baatlhodi ba Botswana]] [[Karolo:Molwela-ditshwanelo tsa bomme wa Botswana]] == Botshelo jwa pele le thuto == Mme Unity Diswai o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa 1959, kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boraro, kwa [[Mochudi]] mo [[Kgaolo ya Kgatleng|Kgaolong ya Kgatleng]] mo [[Botswana]] (yo ka nako e o a neng a bidiwa [[Bechuanaland]] ), <ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref> ke ngwana wa batsadi ba gagwe e bong rre Phiri le mme Maefshane Diswai (ba gape ba itsegeng ka maina a Moses le Ellen Diswai), bobedi jo bo tsalatswe mo morafeng wa [[Basarwa]] fa godimo ga moo ke maloko a morafe wa BaKgatla.<ref name=":0" /> <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref> Motse wa selegae o a goletseng mo go one o ne o sena ditsela tsa sekonotiri, motlakase le fa e le metsi a a elelang. Go ne go sena megala ya letheka mme o ne a ise a bone setsidifatsi ka matlho go fitlha a nna mo dingwageng tsa bolesome, le fa e le setshwantsho sa motshikhinyego go fitlha a nna dingwaga di le masome a mabedi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=48}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ellis|2012}}</ref></ref> . Mmaagwe e ne e le moroki, yo o neng a kgona go bala le go kwala ka [[Setswana]], mme a sa kgone go bala le go kwala ka Sekgoa.<ref><ref name=":1" /></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=49}}</ref></ref>. Rraagwe yo o neng a berekela mo polasing e nnye, o ne a bua ebile a kgona go bala Sekgoa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=49}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=49}}</ref></ref>E ne ya re fa rraagwe a tsena sekolo, o ne a ikgapela thuso ya madi a go tsena kwa [[:en:University_of_Fort_Hare|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Fort Hare]], mme thuso e o e ne ya fiwa morwa wa kgosi boemong jwa gagwe. Batsadi ba gagwe ka bobedi jwa bone ba ne ba dumela gore thuto ke selo sa botlhokwa mme bana ba bone ba le barataro mo go ba le supa ba ne ba wetsa dithuto tsa bone tsa ithutelo tiro.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=49}}</ref></ref> Dithuto tsa bone [[:en:Western_culture|tsa kwa Bophirima]] di ne di sa tlwaelesega mo magaeng a Botswana ka nako eo.<ref name=":1">{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref> Mme Diswai o weditse dithuto tsa gagwe tse dipotlana le tse dikgolwane kwa Mochudi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Morago ga sekolo se segolwane, o ne a ithutela molao kwa [[:en:University_of_Botswana_and_Swaziland|sekolong se segolwane sa ithutelo tiro sa Botswana le Swaziland]] . <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ellis|2012}}</ref></ref>. Ka go ne go sena sekolo sa molao mo Botswana ka nako eo, o ne a tsena yunibesithi kwa [[Eswatini|Swaziland]] ka fa tlase ga thulaganyo ya thuso ya Boritheini mme a wetsa dingwaga di le pedi tsa dithuto kwa Scotland, kwa [[:en:University_of_Edinburgh|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Edinburgh]], pele ga a bona setlankana sa gagwe [[:en:Bachelor_of_Laws|sa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao]] ka ngwaga wa 1983 kwa sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Botswana le Swaziland.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2012 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref> <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=49–50}}</ref></ref>. == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> Go fitlhelela seo, mme Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho [[LEGABIBO|wa LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo tshekong ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya setshaba. Mokgatlho o ne o gannwe go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le ga mmogo le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Merero ya Badiri le tsa Selegae, ka mabaka a gore go ratana ga bong go ne go se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho yo go ne go le kgatlhanong le tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore tsheko e, e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa tlhakanelodikobo, mme e ne e le ka ga gore a maloko a ka kgona go kokoanya le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014a}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotlatshekelokgolo o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha seo le go se letla go kopana go ne go gataka Molaomotheo, karolo ya boraro, ya lesome le bobedi, le ya lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, go kopana le go kopana ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014b}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> Go fitlhelela seo, mme Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho [[LEGABIBO|wa LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo tshekong ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya setshaba. Mokgatlho o ne o gannwe go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le ga mmogo le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Merero ya Badiri le tsa Selegae, ka mabaka a gore go ratana ga bong go ne go se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho yo go ne go le kgatlhanong le tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore tsheko e, e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa tlhakanelodikobo, mme e ne e le ka ga gore a maloko a ka kgona go kokoanya le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014a}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotlatshekelokgolo o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha seo le go se letla go kopana go ne go gataka Molaomotheo, karolo ya boraro, ya lesome le bobedi, le ya lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, go kopana le go kopana ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014b}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_and_Macsuzy_Mondon,_September_2015.jpg|alt=Photograph of two seated women, attended by two witnesses standing beside them, signing documents on a table.|thumb| Ditona mme Dow le mme Macsuzy Mondon (Seychelles) ba baya monwana mo mokwalong wa Kutlwano wa lenaneo la kananyo ya barutabana, 2015]] == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> Go fitlhelela seo, mme Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho [[LEGABIBO|wa LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo tshekong ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya setshaba. Mokgatlho o ne o gannwe go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le ga mmogo le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Merero ya Badiri le tsa Selegae, ka mabaka a gore go ratana ga bong go ne go se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho yo go ne go le kgatlhanong le tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore tsheko e, e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa tlhakanelodikobo, mme e ne e le ka ga gore a maloko a ka kgona go kokoanya le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014a}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotlatshekelokgolo o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha seo le go se letla go kopana go ne go gataka Molaomotheo, karolo ya boraro, ya lesome le bobedi, le ya lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, go kopana le go kopana ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014b}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_and_Macsuzy_Mondon,_September_2015.jpg|alt=Photograph of two seated women, attended by two witnesses standing beside them, signing documents on a table.|thumb| Ditona mme Dow le mme Macsuzy Mondon (Seychelles) ba baya monwana mo mokwalong wa Kutlwano wa lenaneo la kananyo ya barutabana, 2015]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 2012, Dow o ne a tlhomiwa ke [[:en:United_Nations_Human_Rights_Council|Lekgotla la Ditshwanelo tsa Batho la Ditšhabakopano]] jaaka mongwe wa baitseanape ba le bararo ba ba ikemetseng go dira thomo ya go batlisisa dintlha ka ga ka moo mafelo a bodulo a Iseraele a West Bank a amang Bapalesetina ka teng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a tsena mo dipolotiking mme a tsenela lekoko la [[Phathi ya Tomokoraga|Botswana Democratic Party]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Sunday Standard|2012a}}</ref></ref> O ne a tsenela [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2014 (Botswana)|ditlhophokakaretso tsa 2014]] tsa Kgaolo ya Mochudi Bophirima, mme a seke a kgone go fenya setilo mo lekgotleng la [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Kokoano ya matona a puso]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Basimanebotlhe|2014}}</ref></ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2014, Dow o ne a tlhophiwa, mmogo le bontlhopheng ba bangwe ba le barataro, ke Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] wa Botswana jaaka leloko le le tlhophilweng ka tsela e e kgethegileng la palamente. Mmogo le [[Kenneth Matambo]], [[Kitso Mokaila]], le Eric Molale, o ne a fenya ditlhopho mme a tlhomiwa go nna Mothusa Tona wa Thuto mo pusong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Motsamai|2014}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mosikare|2014}}</ref></ref>. Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2015, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Bokgoni ke rre Khama, a tlhatlhama rre [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]], yo e neng e le mothusa-tautona wa lefatshe la Botswana ka nako e o.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Piet|2015}}</ref></ref> Ka nako ya fa a le mo Lephateng, Dow o ne a tlhoma lenaneo la go katisa barutabana go tswa kwa [[:en:Seychelles|Seychelles]] mo Botswana le go romela barutabana ba Batswana go ya go thusa Seychelles ka tlhaelo ya barutabana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bonnelame|2015}}</ref></ref> O ne a direla mo maemong a go fitlhelela ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ngwaga wa 2016, mo tlhakatlhakanong ya kabinete, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mmegi|2016b}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> Go fitlhelela seo, mme Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho [[LEGABIBO|wa LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo tshekong ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya setshaba. Mokgatlho o ne o gannwe go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le ga mmogo le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Merero ya Badiri le tsa Selegae, ka mabaka a gore go ratana ga bong go ne go se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho yo go ne go le kgatlhanong le tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore tsheko e, e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa tlhakanelodikobo, mme e ne e le ka ga gore a maloko a ka kgona go kokoanya le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014a}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotlatshekelokgolo o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha seo le go se letla go kopana go ne go gataka Molaomotheo, karolo ya boraro, ya lesome le bobedi, le ya lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, go kopana le go kopana ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014b}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_and_Macsuzy_Mondon,_September_2015.jpg|alt=Photograph of two seated women, attended by two witnesses standing beside them, signing documents on a table.|thumb| Ditona mme Dow le mme Macsuzy Mondon (Seychelles) ba baya monwana mo mokwalong wa Kutlwano wa lenaneo la kananyo ya barutabana, 2015]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 2012, Dow o ne a tlhomiwa ke [[:en:United_Nations_Human_Rights_Council|Lekgotla la Ditshwanelo tsa Batho la Ditšhabakopano]] jaaka mongwe wa baitseanape ba le bararo ba ba ikemetseng go dira thomo ya go batlisisa dintlha ka ga ka moo mafelo a bodulo a Iseraele a West Bank a amang Bapalesetina ka teng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a tsena mo dipolotiking mme a tsenela lekoko la [[Phathi ya Tomokoraga|Botswana Democratic Party]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Sunday Standard|2012a}}</ref></ref> O ne a tsenela [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2014 (Botswana)|ditlhophokakaretso tsa 2014]] tsa Kgaolo ya Mochudi Bophirima, mme a seke a kgone go fenya setilo mo lekgotleng la [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Kokoano ya matona a puso]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Basimanebotlhe|2014}}</ref></ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2014, Dow o ne a tlhophiwa, mmogo le bontlhopheng ba bangwe ba le barataro, ke Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] wa Botswana jaaka leloko le le tlhophilweng ka tsela e e kgethegileng la palamente. Mmogo le [[Kenneth Matambo]], [[Kitso Mokaila]], le Eric Molale, o ne a fenya ditlhopho mme a tlhomiwa go nna Mothusa Tona wa Thuto mo pusong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Motsamai|2014}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mosikare|2014}}</ref></ref>. Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2015, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Bokgoni ke rre Khama, a tlhatlhama rre [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]], yo e neng e le mothusa-tautona wa lefatshe la Botswana ka nako e o.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Piet|2015}}</ref></ref> Ka nako ya fa a le mo Lephateng, Dow o ne a tlhoma lenaneo la go katisa barutabana go tswa kwa [[:en:Seychelles|Seychelles]] mo Botswana le go romela barutabana ba Batswana go ya go thusa Seychelles ka tlhaelo ya barutabana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bonnelame|2015}}</ref></ref> O ne a direla mo maemong a go fitlhelela ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ngwaga wa 2016, mo tlhakatlhakanong ya kabinete, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mmegi|2016b}}</ref></ref> Morago ga gore rre Khama a tlogele maemo a botautona ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2018, Dow o ne a tlhatlosiwa ke tautona rre Masisi yo o neng a sa tswa go nna tautona go tswa kwa maemong a go nna tona ya Thuto go ya kwa maemong a go nna Tona ya lephata la dikago le tlhabololo ya matlo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mwakideu|2018}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gabathuse|2018}}</ref></ref>Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2018, mo go fetolweng ga Kabinete, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna [[:en:Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_International_Cooperation_(Botswana)|Tona ya Merero ya Boditšhabatšhaba le Tirisanommogo]], a fetola setilo sa gagwe sa dikago le tlhabololo ya matlo le rre Vincent Tina Seretse, yo o neng a tshwere Merero ya boditšhabatšhara pele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Morupisi|2018}}</ref></ref>Rre Masisi o ne a fenya maemo a botautona mo [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2019 (Botswana)|Ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa 2019]] mme a tlhomamisa mme Dow gape jaaka Tona ya Merero ya Boditšhabatšhaba le Tirisanommogo ya palamente ya lesome le bobedi ya lefatshe la Botswana..<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mmegi|2019}}</ref></ref>Mme Dow le bomorwadie Cheshe le Natasha, ba ne ba bula Dow Academy kwa Mochudi, mo kgaolong ya Kgatleng ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 2020. Sekolo se sa kgwebo se na le dithuto tse dipotlana le tse dikgolwane.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Luebering|2020}}</ref></ref>Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2020, Dow o ne a tlogela bodiredi jwa gagwe mme a tseelwa sebaka ke Lemogang Kwape mo pusong e ntšha.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Motlhoka|2020}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gabathuse|2020}}</ref></ref>Dow o ne a bua jaana ka go tsaya kgato e, "Jaaka tona o bua thata ka bodiredi jwa gago. Mme setilo se se kwa morago se go naya kgololesego ya go botsolotsa dikgang tse di farologaneng tse di amang setšhaba. Thibelo e le nngwe fela ke boemo jwa me jwa lekoko mo kgannyeng e e rileng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Motlhoka|2020}}</ref></ref> == Dikwalo == Ka ngwaga wa 2000, fa Dow a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dipolelo, go ne go na le bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba tlhagisitse dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela mafatshe a a kwa ntle ga Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref>Lengwe la mabaka a seo e ne e le kganetso e e feteletseng ya boeteledipele jwa lefatshe la Botswana gore batho-basweu ba kwa ga Mmamosadinyana ba kopanye lefatshe la bone le [[Aforika Borwa|Aferikaborwa]], se se neng sa dira gore go nne le kganetso ya go itshireletsa kgatlhanong le tumelo ya [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|kopano ya mafatshe a Aferika]] go ne ga boa gape ga nna le go tlhoka peeletso mo dikgwebong tsa koketso-madi a setšhaba le mo tlhabololong ya thuto. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=34, 36}}</ref></ref> Mefuta ya dibuka tsa gagwe ka bobedi ba tsone go akaretsa tse e seng tsa dipolelo le tsa dipolelo di kopanya dintlhana tsa dikgang tse di amanang le setšhaba ga mmogo le tsa semolao e bile di supa ditlamorago tsa tsone mo go tsa bong le tsa ga mmogo le kabisano ya dithata.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=35}}</ref></ref> . Dibuka dingwe le dingwe tsa ga Dow di sekaseka mekgwa ya setšhaba e e bakang go sa lekalekane ga dikamano tsa dithata le go tlhotlheletsa [[:en:Domestic_violence|tiriso-dikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi]], [[:en:Child_sexual_abuse|tirisobotlhaswa ya bana,]] [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Africa#Southern_Africa|mathata a segajaja sa AIDS]], le [[:en:Gender_inequality|go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> Baanelwa mo dipolelong tsa gagwe ba dirisa mokgwa wa go akanya yo o tlwaelesegileng go ganetsa mekgwa ya ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ka fa ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa ngwao.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=153}}</ref></ref> nkw3vtnirhft56494w0m85sea5rf70r 53602 53600 2026-07-30T04:46:25Z Lame Ralosetlha 12932 Created by translating the section "Writing" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358461802|Unity Dow]]" 53602 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Unity Dow|office=[[Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation (Botswana)|Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation]]|image=Unity Dow - PopTech 2011 - Camden Maine USA - 6269953840.jpg|alt=Photograph of an African woman in a grey brocaded suit standing in front of a backdrop depicting a group of African women in blue dresses, while giving a speech. She is wearing a geometrically patterned beaded neck collar, has a yellow device in her right hand, and is pointing with her left index finger to the left of the stage.|caption=Dow in 2011|predecessor=[[Vincent T. Seretse]]|president=[[Mokgweetsi Masisi]]|successor=[[Lemogang Kwape]]|term_start=2 November 2019|term_end=26 August 2020|majority2=193 (1.66%)|office2=[[Member of Parliament (Botswana)|Member of Parliament]] for [[Kgatleng West]]|predecessor2=''new constituency''|party=[[Botswana Congress Party]]|birth_name=Unity Diswai|birth_date={{birth date and age|1959|4|23|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Mochudi]], [[Bechuanaland Protectorate]] (now [[Botswana]]|spouse={{Marriage|Peter Nathan Dow|7 March 1984}}<br/> Karl J. Stahl{{sfn|Karlsruhe Institute of Technology|2008}}|children=3|alma_mater=[[University of Botswana and Swaziland]] ([[LLB]])<br>[[University of Edinburgh]]|profession=Lawyer, judge, politician, writer, and human rights activist}} '''Unity Dow''' (née '''Diswai'''; o tshotswe ka Moranang a le masome mabedi le boraro 1959) ke mmueledi wa [[Botswana|Motswana]]^{[<nowiki/>[[Batho ba ba tswang kwa Botswana ba bidiwa Motswana (bongwe) kgotsa Batswana (bontsi) .|N]]}^{[[Batho ba ba tswang kwa Botswana ba bidiwa Motswana (bongwe) kgotsa Batswana (bontsi) .|opolo 1]]]}, mokwadi, [[molweladitshwanelo tsa batho]] le [[Leloko la Palamente]] la [[Kgatleng Bophirima]] e sale ka Ngwanatsele 2024. O kile a nna moatlhodi kwa [[Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko ya Botswana]] le mo phateng a a farologaneng a Botswana. O tsholetswe kwa [[Bechuanaland|Bechuanaland Protectorate]] ke moroki le molemimorui, ba ba neng ba gatelela gore bana ba bone ba bone thuto, Dow o goletse mo motseng wa setso wa legae pele ga ditlhabololo tsa segompieno. O ne a bona thuto ya molao ka 1983 kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Botswana le Swaziland]], le fa dithuto tsa gagwe di ne tsa wediwa kwa Swaziland le kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Edinburgh]], kwa Scotland, ka Botswana a ne a sena sekolo sa molao ka nako eo. Fa a sena go aloga, Dow o ne a bula kantoro ya ntlha ya molao e le ya basadi gotlhe mo Botswana mme ka 1997 a nna mosadi wa ntlha go tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi kwa Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko ya lefatshe leo. Ka nako ya fa a ne a le mo tirong ya molao, Dow o ne a amega mo dikgetsing di le tharo tsa ditso mo Botswana. Ka 1992, e ne e le mongongoregi mo kgetsing e e botlhokwa ya semolao, ''[[Unity Dow v Attorney-Genera]]''l, e e neng ya fedisa go tlhaola batho ka bong mo [[melaong ya bosetšhaba]] ya setšhaba e pele e neng e sa letle bana go bona bosetšhaba mo go bommaabone ba ba nyetsweng. Kgetse e ne ya bonela Dow tebelelo ya boditšhabatšhaba mme ya tsosa lekhubu la diphetogo tse di fedisang go sa lekalekane ga bong mo melaong ya bosetšhaba go ralala Aforika. Ka 2006, jaaka moatlhodi yo o okametseng kgetse ya ga ''Roy Sesana and Others v. the Government of Botswana'', Dow o ne a atlhola kgatlhanong le ditiro tsa puso tsa go thibela [[batho ba tlholego ba Basarwa]] go nna le go tsoma mo [[mafelong a borraabonemogologolwane]], mme seo sa ba pateletsa go nna gape kwa ntle ga [[Central Kalahari Game Reserve]]. O ne a atlhola gore puso e tshwanetse go busetsa ditirelo tsa motheo, e letle Basarwa go boela mo lefatsheng le go bona ditetla tsa go tsoma, le go duela ditshenyegelo mo go ba ba fudusitsweng ka dikgoka fa ba ka tlhopha go se boele. Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Dow o ne a dira jaaka mmueledi wa semolao wa [[LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo kgetseng ya bone ya go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa Lephateng la Kwadiso ya Matsalo mme ba atlega go amogela katlholo ya gore puso e letle mokgatlho o kwadisiwe. Dow o ne a tlhophiwa la ntlha go tsena mo [[Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba]] ka 2014, fa a ne a tlhophiwa ke Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] jaaka mopalamente yo o itlhophetsweng. O ne a tlhomiwa la ntlha go nna Mothusa Tona wa Thuto mme ka 2015 a nna Tona ya Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Dikitso. Morago ga moo o ne a dira jaaka Tona ya Thuto ya Motheo, Tona ya Mafaratlhatlha le Tlhabololo, le Tona ya Merero ya mafatshe a sele, pele ga a nna moeteledipele wa [[lemorago]] ka 2020. O dirile mo dikhuduthamageng le dikomiting di le mmalwa tsa boditšhabatšhaba, a sekaseka tiriso ya melao e e amang ditshwanelo tsa batho kwa [[Kenya]], [[Palastina]], [[Rwanda]] le [[Sierra Leone]]. Ka 2000, Dow o ne a simolola go gatisa dipadi, ka tlwaelo o ne a lebile dikgang tsa loago le tsa semolao le ditlamorago tsa tsone mo dipopegong tsa bong le tsa maatla. Dibuka tse di sekaseka mekgwa ya loago le go dirisa batho botlhaswa ka go ba sotlaka, go dirisa dikgoka le go gatelela ditshwanelo tsa batho. O amogetse dikakgolo le ditlotla di le dintsi ka ntlha ya tiro ya gagwe ya go thusa batho, go akaretsa le [[Legion of Honor]] ka 2010. == Botshelo jwa pele le thuto == Unity Dow o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Moranang e le malatsi a masome mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 1959 mo motseng wa [[Mochudi]], mo [[Kgaolo ya Kgatleng|kgaolong ya Kgatleng]], mo lefatsheng la [[Botswana]] le ka nako eo e neng ele [[Bechuanaland|Bechuanaland Protectorate]]<ref name=":0">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLedererMacharia-Mokobi2012|Lederer & Macharia-Mokobi 2012]], p. 248.</ref><ref name=":15">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004]], p. 34.</ref> mo batsading ba gagwe Phiri le Maefshane Diswai (ba ba itsegeng gape ka leina la Moses le Ellen Diswai), ditlogolwana tsa merafe ya tlholego ya [[Basarwa]] le maloko a merafe ya Bakgatla. Motseselegae o a goletseng mo go one o ne o sa tshelwa ditsela, motlakase le metsi a a elang. Go ne go sena mesokelatsebeng e bile o ne a ise a bone setsidifatsi go fitlha a nna mo dingwageng tsa bonana, le fa e le thelebishene go fitlha a nna dingwaga di le masome a mabedi.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDaymondLenta2004|Daymond & Lenta 2004]], p. 48.</ref><ref name=":1">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFEllis2012|Ellis 2012.]]</ref> Mmaagwe e ne e le moroki, yo o neng a kgona go bala le go kwala ka [[Setswana]], mme e seng Seesemane.<ref name=":2">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFSunday_Standard2007|''Sunday Standard'' 2007.]]</ref><ref name=":3">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDaymondLenta2004|Daymond & Lenta 2004]], p. 49.</ref> Rraagwe, yo o neng a bereka mo polasing e nnye, o ne a bua le go bala Seesemane.<ref name=":3" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNarloch2012|Narloch 2012]], p. 3.</ref> Fa rraagwe a ne a le kwa sekolong, o ne a gapa thuso ya madi a go tsena [[Yunibesithi ya Fort Hare]], mme thuso eo e ne ya newa morwa kgosi boemong jwa gagwe. Mo batsading ba gagwe ka bobedi, thuto e ne ya nna selo sa botlhokwa mme bana ba bone ba le barataro mo go ba le supa ba ne ba wetsa dithuto tsa bone tsa yunibesithi.<ref name=":3" /> Dithuto tsa bone tsa [[Bophirima]] di ne di sa tlwaelega mo metseselegaeng ya Botswana ka nako eo.<ref name=":2" /> Diswai o weditse dithuto tsa gagwe tse di potlana le tse dikgolwane kwa Mochudi.<ref name=":0" /> Morago ga sekolo se segolwane, o ne a ithutela molao kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Botswana le Swaziland]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Ka gonne go ne go sena sekolo sa molao mo Botswana ka nako eo, ka fa tlase ga thulaganyo ya thuso ya Borithane o ne a tsena yunibesithi kwa [[Eswatini|Swaziland]] mme a wetsa dingwaga di le pedi tsa dithuto kwa Scotland, kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Edinburgh]], pele ga a bona digerata ya gagwe ya [[Bachelor of Laws]] ka 1983 kwa Yunibesithing ya Botswana le Swaziland.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":4">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFUniversity_of_Edinburgh2010|University of Edinburgh 2010.]]</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDaymondLenta2004|Daymond & Lenta 2004]], pp. 49–50.</ref> == Molao le bolweladitshwanelo == === Tiro ya gagwe ya pele (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity Dow - PopTech 2011 - Camden Maine USA - 6266756376.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Unity Dow]] Diswai o ne a bona dithutego tsa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go bereka kwa dikantorong tsa [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana]] e le mosekisi wa melato ya borukutlhi kwa [[Gaborone]]. O nyalane le moagi wa Amerika, Peter Nathan Dow, ka Mopitlo a supa 1984. Banyalani ba ba ne ba nna kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0" /> Ka 1986, Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong e e ikemetseng ka nosi e e neng e dira tiro ya molao wa bosenyi, mme a bula feme ya Dow Malakaila, e leng feme ya ntlha ya molao ya basadi-botlhe mo lefatsheng leo. Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa bomme mo Botswana sa [[Emang Basadi]] (Emela Basadi ka dinao). Ka 1988, leina la feme le ne la fetolwa moragonyana go nna Dow Lesetedi and Company.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFSegwai2008|Segwai 2008.]]</ref><ref name=":4" /> Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a simolola mmogo mokgatlho wa Basadi le Molao mo Borwa jwa Aforika (WLSA) go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dikgetsi.<ref name=":0" /> Go tloga ka 1988 go fitlha ka 1991, Dow o ne a direla WLSA dipatlisiso, a thusa go wetsa thutopatlisiso ya kgaolo ka ga ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi mo mafatsheng a le marataro tse di mabapi.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":2" /> Ka 1990, o thusitse go tlhoma Lefelo la Tshedimosetso la Basadi la Metlhaetsile go rotloetsa thuto ka ditshwanelo tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka 1990, Dow o ne a tlhatlhela kgetsi kwa [[Kgotla Kgolong ya Ditsheko ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" /> Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagi wa 1984, ke fela [[bana ba ba seng ka fa molaong]] ba ba neng ba ka bona bosetšhaba ka mmaabo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1992|Quansah 1992]], p. 196.</ref> Ka bana ba gagwe ba le babedi mo go ba le bararo le Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa tsewe e le Batswana.<ref name=":6">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBeyani1994|Beyani 1994]], p. 294.</ref> Ka go boifa gore go ka nna le kgonagalo ya gore fa tetla ya ga Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng e felelwa ke nako ka 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ka nna la patelesega go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola kgetsi ya [[Unity Dow v Attorney-General]] a latofatsa gore Molao wa Boagi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefadiwa le go sotlakakwa mo go seng mo sethong. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhela e ema Dow nokeng e dumalana gore molao o ama tlhopho ya gagwe e e gololesegileng ya gore o tla nyala mang, o ka mo pateletsa go kgaogana le lelwapa la gagwe fa ditetlelelo tsa bonno tsa monna wa gagwe le bana ba gagwe di sa ntšhwafadiwe, mme o ne o tlhaola.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFColdham1992|Coldham 1992]], pp. 91–92.</ref> === Tiro ya magareng (1991–2009) === Dow o ne a tsere sebaka sa dingwaga di le pedi a beetse tiro ya gagwe ya molao kwa tlhoko ka 1991 ka ntlha ya kgetse e mme ka nako eo, o ne a simolola mmogo Sekolo se se botlana sa Baobob kwa Gaborone le AIDS Action Trust.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":8">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFColumbia_Law_School2009|Columbia Law School 2009.]]</ref> O ne a dira jaaka mogokaganyi wa WLSA go tloga ka 1992 go fitlha ka 1994,<ref name=":5" /> fa boikuelo jwa kgetse ya gagwe bo santse bo letilwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo, ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya nganga gore go tlhaola basadi go sireleditswe ke dipeelo tsa molaomotheo go somarela dingwao tsa setso tsa Botswana, e e neng e le setšhaba sa [[losika lwa borre]].<ref name=":6" /> <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], pp. 190–191.</ref> Mmueledi Mogolo le ene o ne a ganela gore Dow o ne a na le maitsetsepelo, a bolela gore ene ka boene ga a a utlwisiwa botlhoko ke sepe.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], p. 190.</ref> [[Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Tautona ya Baatlhodi [[Austin Amissah]], e ne ya swetsa ka gore kgethololo ya bong e thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ka se fete dipeelo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse Botswana e neng e na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le modumedi wa tsone.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBeyani1994|Beyani 1994]], p. 295.</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], p. 196.</ref> Mo kgannyeng ya maitsetsepelo, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go na le kgonagalo ya gore a ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne a gobaditswe, mme go kgaogana le ba lelwapa la gagwe go tla bo go nyenyefatsa le go tlhoka setho.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], pp. 200–201.</ref> Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa katlholo ya Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditseko ka diphetogo tse dinnye, ya bolela gore Dikarolo tsa bone le botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagi ga di dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], p. 189.</ref> Ka ntlha ya katlholo e e botlhokwa e, ka 1995 Molao wa Boagi o ne wa baakanngwa go tlosa go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go boneng bosetšhaba mo Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFManby2010|Manby 2010]], p. 50.</ref> Katlholo e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go ralala Aforika go gatelela phetogo mo melaong ya bone ya bosetšhaba le go fedisa go sa lekalekane ga bong, mme seno sa felela ka gore mo e ka nnang sephatlo sa mafatshe a Aforika a baakanye melao ya bosetšhaba ka 2010.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPailey2020|Pailey 2020]], p. 1839.</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFManby2010|Manby 2010]], p. 48.</ref> Go tloga ka 1994 go fitlha ka 1998, Dow o ne a dira jaaka mokaedi wa Setheo sa Tshedimosetso sa Basadi sa Metlhaetsile mme ka nako eo o ne a gatisa ''The Citizenship Case'' ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le botlhano, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa kgetse ya gagwe.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":4" /> Ka 1996, o ne a dira mo kgetsing e e neng e amana le [[go tlhokomela bana]] e e neng ya felela ka gore go dirwe phetolo ya melao ya tshegetso, mme ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bosupa o ne a tlhagisa kgetse ka ga [[bolwetse jwa basadi ba ba itewang]], a tsaya gore tseno ke dikgang tse di botlhokwa mo basading.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":9">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDavis2014|Davis 2014]], p. 227.</ref> Mo ngwageng oo, Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi kwa [[Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kwa kgotlatshekelong ka Firikgong 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5" /> Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetlho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go dira jaaka moatlhodi kwa Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko.<ref name=":16">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLedererMacharia-Mokobi2012|Lederer & Macharia-Mokobi]] 2012, p. 249.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone , Dow o ne a dira jaaka karolo ya thomo ya [[Lekgotla la Ditshaba]] go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le [[Charlotte Abaka]] wa Mo-Ghana, yo e kileng ya bo e le modulasetilo wa [[Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref name=":7">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDivision_for_the_Advancement_of_Women2004|Division for the Advancement of Women 2004]], p. 8.</ref> [[Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya Middle East Technical University ya Bong le Basadi; kwa [[Ankara]], kwa Turkey;<ref name=":7" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBianet2019|Bianet 2019.]]</ref> [[Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa Gender Studies and Human Rights Documentation Centre kwa [[Accra]];<ref name=":7" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBowman2019|Bowman 2019]], p. 4.</ref> le Moaforika Borwa, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]], moporofesara wa molao kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Puso ya Pennsylvania|Yunibesithing ya Pennsylvania]] [[Yunibesithing ya Puso ya Pennsylvania|State]].<ref name=":7" /> Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna molaodi wa [[Khuduthamaga ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong ao ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe.<ref name=":12">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLazaroff2012|Lazaroff 2012]].</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro , o ne a tlhophiwa go direla mo komiting e kgolo ya Khuduthamaga ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi le balaodi ba le barataro ba ba boelelang le maloko a mararo a masha, go akaretsa le ene, [[Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa [[Serbia]] le [[Raji Sourani]] wa [[Palastina]].<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPalestinian_Centre_for_Human_Rights2006|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights 2006]].</ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo kgetsing ya ''[[Roy Sesana and Others v. the Government of Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa kwa Kgotleng Kgolo ya Ditsheko ka 2002 ke batho ba Basarwa<ref name=":10">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], pp. 103–104, 107.</ref> (ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba bidiwang batho ba naga ya Kalahari)<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":9" /> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa kgetsi mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le 241 ba ba neng ba tsena mo kgetsing fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e fedisa metsi mo lefelong leno la polokelo, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisa go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, le go leka go tlosa Basarwa ka dikgoka kwa ba nnang teng. Ba ne ba baakanya kgetse ya bone go akaretsa go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo le makgabisa naga go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong la tshireletso kwantle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya diteseletso tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref name=":10" /> Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka 2006, Dow o ne ya swetsa ka gore go fedisiwa ga ditirelo le go patelediwa go fudusiwa ga Basarwa go ne go emela tlolomolao ya tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaomotheo.<ref name=":5" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], pp. 108–109.</ref> O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ditshenyegelo di duelwe ba ba neng ba fudusitswe mme ba se na keletso ya go boa.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], p. 109.</ref> Mo kgannyeng ya diteseletso tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro ba ne ba dumalana gore di ne di thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, ka le fa Lephata la Diphologolo le makgabisa Naga le ne le sa patelesege go ntsha diteseletso, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela ka nako e gape ba neng ba emisa mophako, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa batho ba Basarwa jwa go itshedisa.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], pp. 115–117.</ref> Mo kgannyeng ya diteseletso tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go dirisa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], p. 120.</ref> Kgetse e, go ya ka moporofesa wa molao Clement Ng'ong'ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana go amogela ditshwanelo tsa batho ba tlholego mo mafatsheng a borraabonemogologolwane.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], p. 121.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bosupa, Dow o ne a dira jaaka leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya Rwanda le go sekaseka gore lefatshe le ka tswa jang mo [[dikgotlhang]] tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya yone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo dikgetseng tsa [[polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba bo tshekiso e e sa tseeng letlhakore.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREF%C3%85hlund2007|Åhlund 2007]], p. 5.</ref><ref name=":11">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFUniversity_of_South_Australia2009|University of South Australia 2009]].</ref> Nngwe ya dikgetsi tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le malebang le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la dino tse di tagang. Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome mararo mme kgetse e ne ya feleletsa e tholotswe.<ref name=":5" /> O ne a rola tiro mo setilong ka kgwedi ya Moranang,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[Sekolong sa Molao sa Yunibesithi ya Washington le Lee]] kwa [[Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a dira jaaka moporofesa yo o etileng kwa [[Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":11" /> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010–gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome , Dow o ne a tlhoma feme ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi eo o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[Tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong ya Nakwana e e Ikemetseng ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go diragatsa [[Molaomotheo]] o mosha wa Kenya.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNSW_Bar_Association2011|NSW Bar Association 2011]].</ref><ref name=":9" /> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bongwe , o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetulo wa Komiti e kgolo ya Molaodi wa Khuduthamaga ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCrowe2011|Crowe 2011]].</ref> Mo ngwageng oo Dow o ne a simolola go dira le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo tse dingwe tsa [[batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa Omang tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCamminga2020|Camminga 2020]], pp. 247–248.</ref> Ka nako eo kwa Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba baakanye ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dikwalong tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ne ba ya kwa ofising ya Omang le kwadiso matsalo go fetola dikwalo tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go tla ka taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCamminga2020|Camminga 2020]], pp. 244, 248.</ref> Ba ne ba kopa Dow go ba thusa, mme ene o ne a ikgolaganya le [[Setheo sa Ditsheko sa Aforika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le tshegetso ya madi.<ref name=":13">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCamminga2020|Camminga 2020]], p. 248.</ref> Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla newa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke kgetse, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo kgetsing e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa dikgetse tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref name=":13" />^{[Nopolo ya boraro]} Go fitlhelela seo, Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho wa [[LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo kgetsing ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya matsalo. Mokgatlho o ne o ganetswe ka go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Badiri le Merero ya Selegae, ka mabaka a gore ditiro tsa thatano ya bong di ne di se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng leo. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho go tlola tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore kgetse e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa thobalano, mme e le gore a maloko a ka kokoana le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMokwape2014a|Mokwape 2014a]].</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone , Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha le go se letla go kopana go ne go tlola Molaomotheo, Dikarolo ya boraro, lesome le bobedi, le lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, kgololesego ya go kopana, le kgololesego ya go kokoana ka go latelana.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMokwape2014b|Mokwape 2014b]].</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity Dow and Macsuzy Mondon, September 2015.jpg|thumb|200x200px|BoTona Dow le [[Macsuzy Mondon]] (Seychelles) ba saena Memo ya Kutlwano ya lenaneo la kananyo ya barutabana, 2015]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi a le malatsi marataro ngwaga wa dikete tse pedile lesome le bobedi , Dow o ne a tlhomiwa ke [[Lekgotla la Ditshwanelo tsa Batho la Lekgotla la Ditshaba]] jaaka mongwe wa baitseanape ba le bararo ba ba ikemetseng go dira thomo ya go batlisisa dintlha ka ga ka moo mafelo a bonno a Iseraele a kwa West Bank a amang Bapalestina ka teng.<ref name=":12" /> Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a swetsa go tsena mo dipolotiking mme a tsenelela lekoko la [[Botswana Democratic Party]].<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFSunday_Standard2012a|''Sunday Standard'' 2012a]].</ref> O ne a emela [[ditlhopho tsa setshaba tsa 2014]] tsa Kgaolo ya Mochudi Bophirima, mme a latlhegelwa ke go bata setilo mo Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBasimanebotlhe2014|Basimanebotlhe 2014]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane a le masome mabedi le boferabobedi ,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone, Dow o ne a tlhophiwa, mmogo le bontlhopheng ba bangwe ba le barataro, ke Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] wa Botswana jaaka leloko le le itlhophetsweng la palamente. Mmogo le [[Kenneth Matambo]], [[Kitso Mokaila]], le Eric Molale, o ne a fenya ditlhopho mme a tlhomiwa go nna Mothusa Tona wa Thuto mo Pusong eo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMotsamai2014|Motsamai 2014]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMosikare2014|Mosikare 2014]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Dikitso ke Khama, a tlhatlhama [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]], Mothusatautona wa Botswana yo wa nako eo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPiet2015|Piet 2015]].</ref> Ka nako ya fa a ne a le mo Lephateng, Dow o ne a tlhoma lenaneo la go katisa barutabana go tswa kwa Seychelles kwa Botswana le go romela barutabana ba Batswana kwa ntle go ya go thusa Seychelles ka tlhaelo ya barutabana.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPhiloBonnelame2015|Philo & Bonnelame 2015]].</ref> O ne a direla mo maemong ao go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borataro, fa mo kabakanngwa cabinet, a ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto ya Motheo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMmegi2016b|''Mmegi'' 2016b]].</ref> Morago ga gore Khama a tloge mo maemong a botautona ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi , Dow o ne a sutisiwa ke Tautona yo o tsenang Masisi go tswa mo Thutong go ya kwa maemong a Tona ya Mafaratlhatlha le Tlhabololo ya Matlo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMwakideu2018|Mwakideu 2018]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGabathuse2018|Gabathuse 2018]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi 2018, mo phetogong ya cabinet, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Merero ya Mafatshe a Sele, a ananya setilo sa gagwe mo Mafaratlhatlheng le Matlo le Vincent Tina Seretse, yo o neng a tshwere Merero ya Mafatshe a sele mo nakong e e fetileng.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMorupisi2018|Morupisi 2018]].</ref> Masisi o ne a fenya botautona mo [[ditlhophong tsa setshaba tsa 2019]] mme a tlhomamisa gape Dow jaaka Tona ya Merero ya Mafatshe a Sele ya palamente ya bo lesome le bobedi ya Botswana.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMmegi2019|''Mmegi'' 2019]].</ref> Dow mmogo le barwadie Cheshe le Natasha, o ne a bula Dow Academy kwa Mochudi, [[Kgaolo ya Kgatleng]] ka Firikgong 2020. Sekolo seno se se ikemetseng se ruta thuto e potlana le e kgolwane.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLuebering2020|Luebering 2020]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi , Dow o ne a tlogela bodiredi jwa gagwe mme a emisediwa ka Lemogang Kwape mo phetogong ya cabinet.<ref name=":14">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMotlhoka2020|Motlhoka 2020]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGabathuse2020|Gabathuse 2020]].</ref> Dow o buile ka kgato e, "Jaaka tona o bua thata ka portfolio ya gago. Mme [[banka e e kwa morago]] e go naya kgololesego ya go botsolotsa dikgang tse di farologaneng tse di amang bosetšhaba. Tekanyetso e le nosi ke boemo jwa lekoko la me mo kgannyeng e e rileng".<ref name=":14" /> == Go kwala == Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi , fa Dow a ne a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dinaane, ke bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba dirile dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela babadi kwa ntle ga Botswana. <ref name=":15" /> Lengwe la mabaka a seno e ne e le kganetso e e tiileng ya boeteledipele jwa Batswana gore MaBorithane ba kopanye kgaolo ya bona le ya Aforika Borwa, e e neng ya isa kwa go itshireletseng kgatlhanong le Pan-Africanism le go tlhoka dipeeletso mo mafaratlhatlheng a setšhaba le tlhabololo ya thuto. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;34, 36.</ref> Bobedi dibuka tsa gagwe tsa non-fiction le tsa fiction di kopanya dikgang tsa loago le tsa semolao le seabe sa tsona mo bong le mo kagong ya maatla. <ref name=":9" /> <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] p.&#x20;35.</ref>Mosebetsi o mong le o mong wa Dow o hlahloba ditlwaelo tsa setjhaba tse lebisang ho se leka-lekane ha dikamano tsa matla le ho susumetsa pefo kgahlanong le basadi, tlhekefetso ya thobalano ya bana, bothata ba AIDS, le ho se lekane ha bong. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFJenkins2012|Jenkins 2012,]] p.&#x20;151.</ref> Batho ba ba mo bukeng ya gagwe ba dirisa tlhaloganyo go ganana le ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa setso sa setso. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFJenkins2012|Jenkins 2012]], p.&#x20;153.</ref> Ka padi ya gagwe ya ntlha, Far and Beyon' (2000), Dow o ne a bua thata ka ga leroborobo la AIDS le ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka mo malapeng, segolo jang ka fa basadi ba ba tshelang mo setšhabeng sa borra-bana ba lebanang le malapa a a senang borre ka ntlha ya tshenyo e e tlisitseng kwa Botswana ya kwa magaeng. <ref name=":16" /><ref name=":17">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGagiano2004|Gagiano 2004,]] p.&#x20;40.</ref>E sekaseka dithibelo tsa ditlwaelo tsa setso, meetlo, le ditheo tse di beilweng mo basading le mo basading ka go dirisa dikago tse di ikaegileng ka banna.<ref name=":17" /> Mo kanegelong eno, Mara, mmè yo o sa itseng go bala le go kwala yo o nang le bokgoni jo bo lekanyeditsweng jwa go itlamela, o setse a na le monna a le mongwe le barwa ba le babedi ba ba bolawang ke AIDS, monna yo mongwe a mo latlha, mme molekane wa gagwe wa boraro o mo sotla.<ref name=":18">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004]], p.&#x20;38</ref> <ref name=":17" />Mara o bolela gore loso lwa barwa ba gagwe lo bakilwe ke mmaba yo o fitlhegileng mme o batla dikarabo mo go yo o bolelelang pele isagwe. Le fa morwadie, Mosadi (e e rayang mosadi), yo o itsegeng jaaka Mosa, le morwawe yo o setseng, Stan, ba sa dumele gore meetlo ya mmoki e tla tlhalosa gore ke ka ntlha yang fa bomorwarraabone ba sule, ba tsamaya mmogo le meletlo e e laetsweng. <ref name=":18" /> Fa Mosa a lemoga gore o imile mme o latlhetswe ke rraagwe ngwana, o swetsa go senya mpa ka sephiri, go na le go imetsa mmaagwe go feta.<ref name=":18" /> Mo maitekong a go fodisa lelapa la gagwe, Mosa o sekaseka ditlwaelo tsa loago tse di kgaoganyang banna le basadi le go godisa ditiro tsa banna, a ruta basadi go itlhokomolosa diphoso tsa bone. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGagiano2004|Gagiano 2004,]] p.&#x20;41.</ref>A nna a ikanyega mo lelapeng la gagwe le mo setsong sa gagwe, o ithuta go gana go amogela maitsholo a a sa siamang mo setšhabeng sa gaabo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGagiano2004|Gagiano 2004,]] p.&#x20;42.</ref>Ka tsela e, Dow o tlhatlhoba gore go ineela ga setšhaba le go didimala ka diphoso mo setšhabeng go isa jang kwa tlhakatlhakanong ya mogopolo le go dirisa ba ba senang maatla ka tsela e e sa siamang ke ba ba nang le maatla go feta. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;38–40.</ref> Dipolelo tse di tshwanang di ne tsa tsenngwa mo bukeng ya bobedi ya ga Dow, The Screaming of the Innocent (2001), e e sekasekang gape maatlafatso ya basadi mo nageng e e tletseng ka bonweenwee jwa sepodisi, polao ya ngwao, sephiri sa setheo, le tidimalo ya setšhaba. <ref name=":15" /> Go batlisisa tlwaelo ya setso ya dipheko, go bolaya mongwe go kotula dirwe tsa gagwe tsa mmele ka ntlha ya dinonofo tsa bone tsa boselamose tsa lesego le katlego, Dow o bontsha ka moo bahumi le ba ba maatla ba tsomang ka teng batho ba ba sa itseng go bala le go kwala ba kwa magaeng le go reka tidimalo ya babusi. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;40–41.</ref>Mo bukeng, mosetsanyana o bolailwe mo sekgweng gaufi le motse wa gaabo mme tshedimosetso ka ga kgetsi e ne ya thibelwa ke sepodisi le banna ba ba maatla ba lefelo la gaabo. Go kgaolwa ga mmele wa gagwe go fitlhilwe mo bukeng e le letshwao le le supang gore batho ga ba amogele mekgwa e e ntseng jalo mo setšhabeng ka kakaretso. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] p.&#x20;42.</ref>Protagonist, Amantle Bokaa, yo o fetsang tirelo ya gagwe ya bosetšhaba (e e itsegeng kwa Botswana jaaka Tirelo Sechaba), o fitlhela diaparo tse di nang le madi mo kamoreng ya tleliniki e a e abetsweng.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;42–43.</ref> Diaparo tseno ke tsa motho mongwe yo o neng a bolailwe pele ga moo, mme fa di neelwa baagi ba motse ba lemoga gore ba ne ba sa di itse. Bokaa, ka gore baagi ba motse ba dumela gore ga a kitla a bonwa ka tsela e e sa siamang ke balaodi, o tlhophiwa go bua le mapodisi mo boemong jwa baagi ba motse.[ 78] Ka gore ke mosadi le ngwana, o lebega a sena maatla, mme thuto ya gagwe, e e mo rutileng bokgoni jwa go dirisana le kganetso le go belaela ditumelo, e mo naya maatla le boitshepo go gwetlha molao wa tidimalo le dikgoreletsi tsa loago mo tseleng ya gagwe. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] p.&#x20;43.</ref> <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNgom2018|Ngom 2018,]] p.&#x20;23.</ref>Tiro ya ga Dow ga e bue fela ka dikamano tsa maatla, mme gape e bua ka dilo tse di tshosang tsa polao ya ngwao le polao ya basadi.[ 80] O tlhalosa ka tlhamalalo tumelo ya gagwe ya gore basadi e tla nna bone ba ba tla fetolang dipholisi go fedisa mekgwa e e ntseng jalo.[ 81] Far and Beyon′ e ne ya gololwa la ntlha kwa Botswana mme morago ya gatisiwa kwa Australia. The Screaming of the Innocent e ne ya gatisiwa la ntlha kwa Australia mme ya gatisiwa gape kwa Afrika Borwa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le boraro. Buka ya gagwe ya boraro, Juggling Truths, e ne ya phasaladiwa ngwaga oo kwa Australia mme ya gololwa ngwaga o o latelang kwa Afrika Borwa. 82] Dow gape o ne a tlhatlhoba ditlwaelo tsa setso tse di sa siamang le ditlwaelo tsa loago ka maano a go di lwantsha.[ 83] Le fa a ne a kile a batlisisa ka ga setšhaba sa Aforika le mathata a a bakilweng ke go ganana le segompieno sa Bophirima le setso sa selegae, tiro e e tsepamisitse maikutlo mo tiragalong ya go lekalekanya go dumalana le ditlwaelo tse di siameng le tse di sa siamang mo setsong sa selegae. [ Ka go dirisa setshwano sa Monei, mosetsana yo monnye yo o nnang mo motseng wa magae, Dow o tlhatlhoba dingwao tsa molomo le tiriso ya ditlhamane le ditlhamane jaaka tsela ya go tsenya dikaelo tsa maitsholo le jaaka taolo ya loago mo baneng. 85] Buka eno e gwetlha dilo tse di jaaka tumelo ya gore go bolaya segwagwa se se nnang se lebile go ka baka matsubutsubu a magolo, gore go tsalana le motho yo o nang le boswafi go ka tlisa bomadimabe, kana gore go nwa motlhapo wa poo go ka thusa motho go ithuta go letsa molodi. Gape e na le dipolelo tse di buang ka selalome sa monna se se medisang bana le moruti yo o sotlang basetsana ka tlhakanelodikobo. Ditema tse di mo kanegelong di golaganya Juggling Truths le dibuka tsa ntlha tse pedi tsa ga Dow mme di kaya gore basetsana le basadi ba kgona go tlhabolola nonofo ya bone ka thuto le go akanya ka go ikemela. 85][86] Dow o atamela tshekatsheko ya gagwe ya go raraana ga loago a dirisa mefuta e e farologaneng ya ditsereganyo, a lemoga gore ga go na ditharabololo tse di bonolo.[ 87] Juggling Truths e ne e le moanelwa wa Percy FitzPatrick Prize mo setlhopheng sa basha ba ba godileng ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro.[ 88] Buka ya Dow ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bosupa ya The Heavens May Fall e bua ka boitshupo jo bo fetogang go tswa mo setšhabeng sa setso go ya mo lefatsheng la segompieno la lefatshe lotlhe. Mo matlhong a ga Dow, setšhaba se fetoga ka metlha; ka ntlha ya seo, ngwao, bong, boitshupo, puo, kago ya loago le ditheo di a fetoga. 89] Kgang e e buang ka botshelo jwa ga Dow, e bua ka phetogo go tswa mo ditseleng tse di se nang ditshipi go ya go diphaepe tsa metsi tsa mo teng ga ntlo le ka moo khumo ya teemane e neng ya dira gore go nne le thuto, tlhokomelo ya boitekanelo le ditirelo.[ Buka e e neetswe bana ba gagwe ba bararo, e boeletsa ka moo dikakanyo ka ga bone di fetogileng ka teng, jaaka e le Maaforika, mme gape ba abelana ka boitshupo jo bo raraaneng ka gonne rraabone e ne e le moagi wa US. Mo nakong e kgang e diragalang ka yone, ba ne ba tla tsewa e le batswakwa. 91] Kgang e e bua ka Naledi, yo o belegweng pele ga go dirwa ga Botswana sešwa mme e diragala ka nako ya fa Dow a ne a gwetlha molao wa bosetšhaba.[ 92] Jaaka mmueledi, Naledi o emela basadi ba ba bokoa le bana ba ba tlhokang katlholo kgotsa thuso ya semolao. O tsaya kgetsi ya lekgarebe lengwe le le neng la betelelwa mme o senola gore tsamaiso ya semolao e e laolwang ke banna e ne e na le seabe, e leng se se dirileng gore kgetsi eno e se ka ya sekwa ka nako ya tsheko. Le fa kgetse e sa rarabololwa, molatofadiwa o ne a laelwa go dira teko ya HIV, ka ntlha ya gore motlhaselwa wa gagwe o ne a kile a tlhakanela dikobo a sa itshireletsa,[93] se se gatelelang diphetogo tsa loago le go fetofetoga ga maemo. Go nna monna ga go ne go naya molatofadiwa tshiamelo kgotsa maatla a go tila teko mo nageng e mo go yona tsamaiso ya molao e nang le tshireletso go akaretsa tshireletso ya basadi,[94] go sa kgathalesege gore tsamaiso ya molao e ne ya palelwa kwa bofelong Naledi.[ 68] == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} [[Karolo:Ditsalo tsa 1959]] [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] [[Karolo:Baatlhodi ba Botswana]] [[Karolo:Molwela-ditshwanelo tsa bomme wa Botswana]] == Botshelo jwa pele le thuto == Mme Unity Diswai o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa 1959, kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boraro, kwa [[Mochudi]] mo [[Kgaolo ya Kgatleng|Kgaolong ya Kgatleng]] mo [[Botswana]] (yo ka nako e o a neng a bidiwa [[Bechuanaland]] ), <ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref> ke ngwana wa batsadi ba gagwe e bong rre Phiri le mme Maefshane Diswai (ba gape ba itsegeng ka maina a Moses le Ellen Diswai), bobedi jo bo tsalatswe mo morafeng wa [[Basarwa]] fa godimo ga moo ke maloko a morafe wa BaKgatla.<ref name=":0" /> <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref> Motse wa selegae o a goletseng mo go one o ne o sena ditsela tsa sekonotiri, motlakase le fa e le metsi a a elelang. Go ne go sena megala ya letheka mme o ne a ise a bone setsidifatsi ka matlho go fitlha a nna mo dingwageng tsa bolesome, le fa e le setshwantsho sa motshikhinyego go fitlha a nna dingwaga di le masome a mabedi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=48}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ellis|2012}}</ref></ref> . Mmaagwe e ne e le moroki, yo o neng a kgona go bala le go kwala ka [[Setswana]], mme a sa kgone go bala le go kwala ka Sekgoa.<ref><ref name=":1" /></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=49}}</ref></ref>. Rraagwe yo o neng a berekela mo polasing e nnye, o ne a bua ebile a kgona go bala Sekgoa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=49}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=49}}</ref></ref>E ne ya re fa rraagwe a tsena sekolo, o ne a ikgapela thuso ya madi a go tsena kwa [[:en:University_of_Fort_Hare|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Fort Hare]], mme thuso e o e ne ya fiwa morwa wa kgosi boemong jwa gagwe. Batsadi ba gagwe ka bobedi jwa bone ba ne ba dumela gore thuto ke selo sa botlhokwa mme bana ba bone ba le barataro mo go ba le supa ba ne ba wetsa dithuto tsa bone tsa ithutelo tiro.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=49}}</ref></ref> Dithuto tsa bone [[:en:Western_culture|tsa kwa Bophirima]] di ne di sa tlwaelesega mo magaeng a Botswana ka nako eo.<ref name=":1">{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref> Mme Diswai o weditse dithuto tsa gagwe tse dipotlana le tse dikgolwane kwa Mochudi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Morago ga sekolo se segolwane, o ne a ithutela molao kwa [[:en:University_of_Botswana_and_Swaziland|sekolong se segolwane sa ithutelo tiro sa Botswana le Swaziland]] . <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ellis|2012}}</ref></ref>. Ka go ne go sena sekolo sa molao mo Botswana ka nako eo, o ne a tsena yunibesithi kwa [[Eswatini|Swaziland]] ka fa tlase ga thulaganyo ya thuso ya Boritheini mme a wetsa dingwaga di le pedi tsa dithuto kwa Scotland, kwa [[:en:University_of_Edinburgh|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Edinburgh]], pele ga a bona setlankana sa gagwe [[:en:Bachelor_of_Laws|sa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao]] ka ngwaga wa 1983 kwa sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Botswana le Swaziland.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2012 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref> <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=49–50}}</ref></ref>. == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> Go fitlhelela seo, mme Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho [[LEGABIBO|wa LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo tshekong ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya setshaba. Mokgatlho o ne o gannwe go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le ga mmogo le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Merero ya Badiri le tsa Selegae, ka mabaka a gore go ratana ga bong go ne go se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho yo go ne go le kgatlhanong le tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore tsheko e, e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa tlhakanelodikobo, mme e ne e le ka ga gore a maloko a ka kgona go kokoanya le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014a}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotlatshekelokgolo o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha seo le go se letla go kopana go ne go gataka Molaomotheo, karolo ya boraro, ya lesome le bobedi, le ya lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, go kopana le go kopana ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014b}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> Go fitlhelela seo, mme Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho [[LEGABIBO|wa LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo tshekong ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya setshaba. Mokgatlho o ne o gannwe go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le ga mmogo le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Merero ya Badiri le tsa Selegae, ka mabaka a gore go ratana ga bong go ne go se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho yo go ne go le kgatlhanong le tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore tsheko e, e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa tlhakanelodikobo, mme e ne e le ka ga gore a maloko a ka kgona go kokoanya le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014a}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotlatshekelokgolo o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha seo le go se letla go kopana go ne go gataka Molaomotheo, karolo ya boraro, ya lesome le bobedi, le ya lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, go kopana le go kopana ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014b}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_and_Macsuzy_Mondon,_September_2015.jpg|alt=Photograph of two seated women, attended by two witnesses standing beside them, signing documents on a table.|thumb| Ditona mme Dow le mme Macsuzy Mondon (Seychelles) ba baya monwana mo mokwalong wa Kutlwano wa lenaneo la kananyo ya barutabana, 2015]] == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> Go fitlhelela seo, mme Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho [[LEGABIBO|wa LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo tshekong ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya setshaba. Mokgatlho o ne o gannwe go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le ga mmogo le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Merero ya Badiri le tsa Selegae, ka mabaka a gore go ratana ga bong go ne go se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho yo go ne go le kgatlhanong le tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore tsheko e, e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa tlhakanelodikobo, mme e ne e le ka ga gore a maloko a ka kgona go kokoanya le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014a}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotlatshekelokgolo o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha seo le go se letla go kopana go ne go gataka Molaomotheo, karolo ya boraro, ya lesome le bobedi, le ya lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, go kopana le go kopana ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014b}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_and_Macsuzy_Mondon,_September_2015.jpg|alt=Photograph of two seated women, attended by two witnesses standing beside them, signing documents on a table.|thumb| Ditona mme Dow le mme Macsuzy Mondon (Seychelles) ba baya monwana mo mokwalong wa Kutlwano wa lenaneo la kananyo ya barutabana, 2015]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 2012, Dow o ne a tlhomiwa ke [[:en:United_Nations_Human_Rights_Council|Lekgotla la Ditshwanelo tsa Batho la Ditšhabakopano]] jaaka mongwe wa baitseanape ba le bararo ba ba ikemetseng go dira thomo ya go batlisisa dintlha ka ga ka moo mafelo a bodulo a Iseraele a West Bank a amang Bapalesetina ka teng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a tsena mo dipolotiking mme a tsenela lekoko la [[Phathi ya Tomokoraga|Botswana Democratic Party]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Sunday Standard|2012a}}</ref></ref> O ne a tsenela [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2014 (Botswana)|ditlhophokakaretso tsa 2014]] tsa Kgaolo ya Mochudi Bophirima, mme a seke a kgone go fenya setilo mo lekgotleng la [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Kokoano ya matona a puso]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Basimanebotlhe|2014}}</ref></ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2014, Dow o ne a tlhophiwa, mmogo le bontlhopheng ba bangwe ba le barataro, ke Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] wa Botswana jaaka leloko le le tlhophilweng ka tsela e e kgethegileng la palamente. Mmogo le [[Kenneth Matambo]], [[Kitso Mokaila]], le Eric Molale, o ne a fenya ditlhopho mme a tlhomiwa go nna Mothusa Tona wa Thuto mo pusong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Motsamai|2014}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mosikare|2014}}</ref></ref>. Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2015, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Bokgoni ke rre Khama, a tlhatlhama rre [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]], yo e neng e le mothusa-tautona wa lefatshe la Botswana ka nako e o.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Piet|2015}}</ref></ref> Ka nako ya fa a le mo Lephateng, Dow o ne a tlhoma lenaneo la go katisa barutabana go tswa kwa [[:en:Seychelles|Seychelles]] mo Botswana le go romela barutabana ba Batswana go ya go thusa Seychelles ka tlhaelo ya barutabana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bonnelame|2015}}</ref></ref> O ne a direla mo maemong a go fitlhelela ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ngwaga wa 2016, mo tlhakatlhakanong ya kabinete, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mmegi|2016b}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> Go fitlhelela seo, mme Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho [[LEGABIBO|wa LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo tshekong ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya setshaba. Mokgatlho o ne o gannwe go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le ga mmogo le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Merero ya Badiri le tsa Selegae, ka mabaka a gore go ratana ga bong go ne go se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho yo go ne go le kgatlhanong le tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore tsheko e, e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa tlhakanelodikobo, mme e ne e le ka ga gore a maloko a ka kgona go kokoanya le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014a}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotlatshekelokgolo o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha seo le go se letla go kopana go ne go gataka Molaomotheo, karolo ya boraro, ya lesome le bobedi, le ya lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, go kopana le go kopana ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014b}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_and_Macsuzy_Mondon,_September_2015.jpg|alt=Photograph of two seated women, attended by two witnesses standing beside them, signing documents on a table.|thumb| Ditona mme Dow le mme Macsuzy Mondon (Seychelles) ba baya monwana mo mokwalong wa Kutlwano wa lenaneo la kananyo ya barutabana, 2015]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 2012, Dow o ne a tlhomiwa ke [[:en:United_Nations_Human_Rights_Council|Lekgotla la Ditshwanelo tsa Batho la Ditšhabakopano]] jaaka mongwe wa baitseanape ba le bararo ba ba ikemetseng go dira thomo ya go batlisisa dintlha ka ga ka moo mafelo a bodulo a Iseraele a West Bank a amang Bapalesetina ka teng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a tsena mo dipolotiking mme a tsenela lekoko la [[Phathi ya Tomokoraga|Botswana Democratic Party]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Sunday Standard|2012a}}</ref></ref> O ne a tsenela [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2014 (Botswana)|ditlhophokakaretso tsa 2014]] tsa Kgaolo ya Mochudi Bophirima, mme a seke a kgone go fenya setilo mo lekgotleng la [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Kokoano ya matona a puso]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Basimanebotlhe|2014}}</ref></ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2014, Dow o ne a tlhophiwa, mmogo le bontlhopheng ba bangwe ba le barataro, ke Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] wa Botswana jaaka leloko le le tlhophilweng ka tsela e e kgethegileng la palamente. Mmogo le [[Kenneth Matambo]], [[Kitso Mokaila]], le Eric Molale, o ne a fenya ditlhopho mme a tlhomiwa go nna Mothusa Tona wa Thuto mo pusong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Motsamai|2014}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mosikare|2014}}</ref></ref>. Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2015, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Bokgoni ke rre Khama, a tlhatlhama rre [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]], yo e neng e le mothusa-tautona wa lefatshe la Botswana ka nako e o.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Piet|2015}}</ref></ref> Ka nako ya fa a le mo Lephateng, Dow o ne a tlhoma lenaneo la go katisa barutabana go tswa kwa [[:en:Seychelles|Seychelles]] mo Botswana le go romela barutabana ba Batswana go ya go thusa Seychelles ka tlhaelo ya barutabana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bonnelame|2015}}</ref></ref> O ne a direla mo maemong a go fitlhelela ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ngwaga wa 2016, mo tlhakatlhakanong ya kabinete, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mmegi|2016b}}</ref></ref> Morago ga gore rre Khama a tlogele maemo a botautona ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2018, Dow o ne a tlhatlosiwa ke tautona rre Masisi yo o neng a sa tswa go nna tautona go tswa kwa maemong a go nna tona ya Thuto go ya kwa maemong a go nna Tona ya lephata la dikago le tlhabololo ya matlo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mwakideu|2018}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gabathuse|2018}}</ref></ref>Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2018, mo go fetolweng ga Kabinete, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna [[:en:Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_International_Cooperation_(Botswana)|Tona ya Merero ya Boditšhabatšhaba le Tirisanommogo]], a fetola setilo sa gagwe sa dikago le tlhabololo ya matlo le rre Vincent Tina Seretse, yo o neng a tshwere Merero ya boditšhabatšhara pele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Morupisi|2018}}</ref></ref>Rre Masisi o ne a fenya maemo a botautona mo [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2019 (Botswana)|Ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa 2019]] mme a tlhomamisa mme Dow gape jaaka Tona ya Merero ya Boditšhabatšhaba le Tirisanommogo ya palamente ya lesome le bobedi ya lefatshe la Botswana..<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mmegi|2019}}</ref></ref>Mme Dow le bomorwadie Cheshe le Natasha, ba ne ba bula Dow Academy kwa Mochudi, mo kgaolong ya Kgatleng ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 2020. Sekolo se sa kgwebo se na le dithuto tse dipotlana le tse dikgolwane.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Luebering|2020}}</ref></ref>Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2020, Dow o ne a tlogela bodiredi jwa gagwe mme a tseelwa sebaka ke Lemogang Kwape mo pusong e ntšha.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Motlhoka|2020}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gabathuse|2020}}</ref></ref>Dow o ne a bua jaana ka go tsaya kgato e, "Jaaka tona o bua thata ka bodiredi jwa gago. Mme setilo se se kwa morago se go naya kgololesego ya go botsolotsa dikgang tse di farologaneng tse di amang setšhaba. Thibelo e le nngwe fela ke boemo jwa me jwa lekoko mo kgannyeng e e rileng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Motlhoka|2020}}</ref></ref> == Dikwalo == Ka ngwaga wa 2000, fa Dow a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dipolelo, go ne go na le bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba tlhagisitse dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela mafatshe a a kwa ntle ga Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref>Lengwe la mabaka a seo e ne e le kganetso e e feteletseng ya boeteledipele jwa lefatshe la Botswana gore batho-basweu ba kwa ga Mmamosadinyana ba kopanye lefatshe la bone le [[Aforika Borwa|Aferikaborwa]], se se neng sa dira gore go nne le kganetso ya go itshireletsa kgatlhanong le tumelo ya [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|kopano ya mafatshe a Aferika]] go ne ga boa gape ga nna le go tlhoka peeletso mo dikgwebong tsa koketso-madi a setšhaba le mo tlhabololong ya thuto. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=34, 36}}</ref></ref> Mefuta ya dibuka tsa gagwe ka bobedi ba tsone go akaretsa tse e seng tsa dipolelo le tsa dipolelo di kopanya dintlhana tsa dikgang tse di amanang le setšhaba ga mmogo le tsa semolao e bile di supa ditlamorago tsa tsone mo go tsa bong le tsa ga mmogo le kabisano ya dithata.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=35}}</ref></ref> . Dibuka dingwe le dingwe tsa ga Dow di sekaseka mekgwa ya setšhaba e e bakang go sa lekalekane ga dikamano tsa dithata le go tlhotlheletsa [[:en:Domestic_violence|tiriso-dikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi]], [[:en:Child_sexual_abuse|tirisobotlhaswa ya bana,]] [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Africa#Southern_Africa|mathata a segajaja sa AIDS]], le [[:en:Gender_inequality|go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> Baanelwa mo dipolelong tsa gagwe ba dirisa mokgwa wa go akanya yo o tlwaelesegileng go ganetsa mekgwa ya ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ka fa ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa ngwao.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=153}}</ref></ref> == Dikwalo == Ka ngwaga wa 2000, fa Dow a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dipolelo, go ne go na le bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba tlhagisitse dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela mafatshe a a kwa ntle ga Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref>Lengwe la mabaka a seo e ne e le kganetso e e feteletseng ya boeteledipele jwa lefatshe la Botswana gore batho-basweu ba kwa ga Mmamosadinyana ba kopanye lefatshe la bone le [[Aforika Borwa|Aferikaborwa]], se se neng sa dira gore go nne le kganetso ya go itshireletsa kgatlhanong le tumelo ya [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|kopano ya mafatshe a Aferika]] go ne ga boa gape ga nna le go tlhoka peeletso mo dikgwebong tsa koketso-madi a setšhaba le mo tlhabololong ya thuto. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=34, 36}}</ref></ref> Mefuta ya dibuka tsa gagwe ka bobedi ba tsone go akaretsa tse e seng tsa dipolelo le tsa dipolelo di kopanya dintlhana tsa dikgang tse di amanang le setšhaba ga mmogo le tsa semolao e bile di supa ditlamorago tsa tsone mo go tsa bong le tsa ga mmogo le kabisano ya dithata.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=35}}</ref></ref> . Dibuka dingwe le dingwe tsa ga Dow di sekaseka mekgwa ya setšhaba e e bakang go sa lekalekane ga dikamano tsa dithata le go tlhotlheletsa [[:en:Domestic_violence|tiriso-dikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi]], [[:en:Child_sexual_abuse|tirisobotlhaswa ya bana,]] [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Africa#Southern_Africa|mathata a segajaja sa AIDS]], le [[:en:Gender_inequality|go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> Baanelwa mo dipolelong tsa gagwe ba dirisa mokgwa wa go akanya yo o tlwaelesegileng go ganetsa mekgwa ya ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ka fa ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa ngwao.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=153}}</ref></ref> Mo pading ya gagwe ya ntlha ya leina la '<nowiki/>''Far and Beyon′'' ya ngwaga wa 2000, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma mogopolo mo setlhogong se se botlhokwa sa leroborobo la bolwetsi jwa AIDS le ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka mo malwapeng, bogolo jang ka fa basadi ba ba tshelang mo setšhabeng se se dumelang mo ketelelongpele ke batho ba borre ba tshelang ka teng mo malwapeng a a se nang borre ka ntlha ya tshenyo e e bakileng mo magaeng a lefatshe la Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Leder Macharia|2012|p=249}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=40}}</ref></ref> E sekaseka melelwane e mekgwa ya setso, dingwao le metheo e e bayang mo basetsaneng ga mmogo le mo basading ka go dirisa dipopego tse di ikaegileng ka ketelelo pele ya banna.<ref name=":0" />Mo polelong e o, Mara, e bong mmè yo o sa itseng go bala le go kwala e bile a sa kgone go itshedisa, o setse a tsile a nyalwa ke monna a le mongwe a bo a tlhokafalelwa ke bana ba gagwe ba le babedi ka ntlha ya bolwetsi jwa AIDS, monna yo mongwe o ne a mo tlogela, mme monna wa gagwe wa boraro o ne a mo sotlaka.<ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0" />Mara o ne a amanya go swa ga bana ba gagwe le mmaba mongwe yo o fitlhegileng mme a batla dikarabo mo go bo [[:en:Divination|nkadilatlha]]. Le fa morwadie, wa leina la Mosadi, yo ka tlwaelo a itsegeng e le Mosa, le ngwana wa gagwe wa mosimane yo o setseng, e bong Stan, ba sa dumele gore a nkadilatlha o ka tlhalosa gore ke eng fa bokgaitsadie ba tlhokafetse, ba diragatsa fela dithomo tse ba di laetsweng. <ref name=":1" /> Fa Mosa a lemoga gore o mo mmeleng ebile o latlhilwe ke rraagwe ngwana, o tsaya tshwetso ya gore a senye mpa mo sephiring, go na le go imetsa mmaagwe yo o setseng a lebaganwe ke mathata.<ref name=":0" /> Mo maitekong a go fodisa lelwapa la gagwe, Mosa o sekaseka mekgwa ya tlwaelo e e kgaoganyang banna le basadi e bo e tsholeletsa megopolo ya borre kwa godimo, e ruta basadi go itlhokomolosa ditselana tse ba kgopisiwang ka tsone e bile ba sa tsewe sentle.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=41}}</ref></ref> Se e le tsela ya go fetlha boikanyo mo lelwapeng la gabone le mo setsong sa lefatshe la gabone, Mosa o ithuta go gana go amogela maitsholo a a sa lolamang mo tikologong ya gabone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref>Ka tsela e, mme Dow o ne a sekaseka ka moo go ineela ga setšhaba le go didimala ka diphoso mo setšhabeng go bakang tlhakatlhakano ya megopolo le go tiriso-botlhaswa ya batho ba ba se nang dithata ke ba ba nang le dithata go ba feta.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=38–40}}</ref></ref> p1dx2rj3luwm24wwaq30ki9q1pzz584 53603 53602 2026-07-30T05:25:03Z Lame Ralosetlha 12932 Created by translating the section "Writing" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358461802|Unity Dow]]" 53603 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Unity Dow|office=[[Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation (Botswana)|Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation]]|image=Unity Dow - PopTech 2011 - Camden Maine USA - 6269953840.jpg|alt=Photograph of an African woman in a grey brocaded suit standing in front of a backdrop depicting a group of African women in blue dresses, while giving a speech. She is wearing a geometrically patterned beaded neck collar, has a yellow device in her right hand, and is pointing with her left index finger to the left of the stage.|caption=Dow in 2011|predecessor=[[Vincent T. Seretse]]|president=[[Mokgweetsi Masisi]]|successor=[[Lemogang Kwape]]|term_start=2 November 2019|term_end=26 August 2020|majority2=193 (1.66%)|office2=[[Member of Parliament (Botswana)|Member of Parliament]] for [[Kgatleng West]]|predecessor2=''new constituency''|party=[[Botswana Congress Party]]|birth_name=Unity Diswai|birth_date={{birth date and age|1959|4|23|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Mochudi]], [[Bechuanaland Protectorate]] (now [[Botswana]]|spouse={{Marriage|Peter Nathan Dow|7 March 1984}}<br/> Karl J. Stahl{{sfn|Karlsruhe Institute of Technology|2008}}|children=3|alma_mater=[[University of Botswana and Swaziland]] ([[LLB]])<br>[[University of Edinburgh]]|profession=Lawyer, judge, politician, writer, and human rights activist}} '''Unity Dow''' (née '''Diswai'''; o tshotswe ka Moranang a le masome mabedi le boraro 1959) ke mmueledi wa [[Botswana|Motswana]]^{[<nowiki/>[[Batho ba ba tswang kwa Botswana ba bidiwa Motswana (bongwe) kgotsa Batswana (bontsi) .|N]]}^{[[Batho ba ba tswang kwa Botswana ba bidiwa Motswana (bongwe) kgotsa Batswana (bontsi) .|opolo 1]]]}, mokwadi, [[molweladitshwanelo tsa batho]] le [[Leloko la Palamente]] la [[Kgatleng Bophirima]] e sale ka Ngwanatsele 2024. O kile a nna moatlhodi kwa [[Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko ya Botswana]] le mo phateng a a farologaneng a Botswana. O tsholetswe kwa [[Bechuanaland|Bechuanaland Protectorate]] ke moroki le molemimorui, ba ba neng ba gatelela gore bana ba bone ba bone thuto, Dow o goletse mo motseng wa setso wa legae pele ga ditlhabololo tsa segompieno. O ne a bona thuto ya molao ka 1983 kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Botswana le Swaziland]], le fa dithuto tsa gagwe di ne tsa wediwa kwa Swaziland le kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Edinburgh]], kwa Scotland, ka Botswana a ne a sena sekolo sa molao ka nako eo. Fa a sena go aloga, Dow o ne a bula kantoro ya ntlha ya molao e le ya basadi gotlhe mo Botswana mme ka 1997 a nna mosadi wa ntlha go tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi kwa Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko ya lefatshe leo. Ka nako ya fa a ne a le mo tirong ya molao, Dow o ne a amega mo dikgetsing di le tharo tsa ditso mo Botswana. Ka 1992, e ne e le mongongoregi mo kgetsing e e botlhokwa ya semolao, ''[[Unity Dow v Attorney-Genera]]''l, e e neng ya fedisa go tlhaola batho ka bong mo [[melaong ya bosetšhaba]] ya setšhaba e pele e neng e sa letle bana go bona bosetšhaba mo go bommaabone ba ba nyetsweng. Kgetse e ne ya bonela Dow tebelelo ya boditšhabatšhaba mme ya tsosa lekhubu la diphetogo tse di fedisang go sa lekalekane ga bong mo melaong ya bosetšhaba go ralala Aforika. Ka 2006, jaaka moatlhodi yo o okametseng kgetse ya ga ''Roy Sesana and Others v. the Government of Botswana'', Dow o ne a atlhola kgatlhanong le ditiro tsa puso tsa go thibela [[batho ba tlholego ba Basarwa]] go nna le go tsoma mo [[mafelong a borraabonemogologolwane]], mme seo sa ba pateletsa go nna gape kwa ntle ga [[Central Kalahari Game Reserve]]. O ne a atlhola gore puso e tshwanetse go busetsa ditirelo tsa motheo, e letle Basarwa go boela mo lefatsheng le go bona ditetla tsa go tsoma, le go duela ditshenyegelo mo go ba ba fudusitsweng ka dikgoka fa ba ka tlhopha go se boele. Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Dow o ne a dira jaaka mmueledi wa semolao wa [[LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo kgetseng ya bone ya go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa Lephateng la Kwadiso ya Matsalo mme ba atlega go amogela katlholo ya gore puso e letle mokgatlho o kwadisiwe. Dow o ne a tlhophiwa la ntlha go tsena mo [[Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba]] ka 2014, fa a ne a tlhophiwa ke Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] jaaka mopalamente yo o itlhophetsweng. O ne a tlhomiwa la ntlha go nna Mothusa Tona wa Thuto mme ka 2015 a nna Tona ya Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Dikitso. Morago ga moo o ne a dira jaaka Tona ya Thuto ya Motheo, Tona ya Mafaratlhatlha le Tlhabololo, le Tona ya Merero ya mafatshe a sele, pele ga a nna moeteledipele wa [[lemorago]] ka 2020. O dirile mo dikhuduthamageng le dikomiting di le mmalwa tsa boditšhabatšhaba, a sekaseka tiriso ya melao e e amang ditshwanelo tsa batho kwa [[Kenya]], [[Palastina]], [[Rwanda]] le [[Sierra Leone]]. Ka 2000, Dow o ne a simolola go gatisa dipadi, ka tlwaelo o ne a lebile dikgang tsa loago le tsa semolao le ditlamorago tsa tsone mo dipopegong tsa bong le tsa maatla. Dibuka tse di sekaseka mekgwa ya loago le go dirisa batho botlhaswa ka go ba sotlaka, go dirisa dikgoka le go gatelela ditshwanelo tsa batho. O amogetse dikakgolo le ditlotla di le dintsi ka ntlha ya tiro ya gagwe ya go thusa batho, go akaretsa le [[Legion of Honor]] ka 2010. == Botshelo jwa pele le thuto == Unity Dow o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Moranang e le malatsi a masome mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 1959 mo motseng wa [[Mochudi]], mo [[Kgaolo ya Kgatleng|kgaolong ya Kgatleng]], mo lefatsheng la [[Botswana]] le ka nako eo e neng ele [[Bechuanaland|Bechuanaland Protectorate]]<ref name=":0">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLedererMacharia-Mokobi2012|Lederer & Macharia-Mokobi 2012]], p. 248.</ref><ref name=":15">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004]], p. 34.</ref> mo batsading ba gagwe Phiri le Maefshane Diswai (ba ba itsegeng gape ka leina la Moses le Ellen Diswai), ditlogolwana tsa merafe ya tlholego ya [[Basarwa]] le maloko a merafe ya Bakgatla. Motseselegae o a goletseng mo go one o ne o sa tshelwa ditsela, motlakase le metsi a a elang. Go ne go sena mesokelatsebeng e bile o ne a ise a bone setsidifatsi go fitlha a nna mo dingwageng tsa bonana, le fa e le thelebishene go fitlha a nna dingwaga di le masome a mabedi.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDaymondLenta2004|Daymond & Lenta 2004]], p. 48.</ref><ref name=":1">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFEllis2012|Ellis 2012.]]</ref> Mmaagwe e ne e le moroki, yo o neng a kgona go bala le go kwala ka [[Setswana]], mme e seng Seesemane.<ref name=":2">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFSunday_Standard2007|''Sunday Standard'' 2007.]]</ref><ref name=":3">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDaymondLenta2004|Daymond & Lenta 2004]], p. 49.</ref> Rraagwe, yo o neng a bereka mo polasing e nnye, o ne a bua le go bala Seesemane.<ref name=":3" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNarloch2012|Narloch 2012]], p. 3.</ref> Fa rraagwe a ne a le kwa sekolong, o ne a gapa thuso ya madi a go tsena [[Yunibesithi ya Fort Hare]], mme thuso eo e ne ya newa morwa kgosi boemong jwa gagwe. Mo batsading ba gagwe ka bobedi, thuto e ne ya nna selo sa botlhokwa mme bana ba bone ba le barataro mo go ba le supa ba ne ba wetsa dithuto tsa bone tsa yunibesithi.<ref name=":3" /> Dithuto tsa bone tsa [[Bophirima]] di ne di sa tlwaelega mo metseselegaeng ya Botswana ka nako eo.<ref name=":2" /> Diswai o weditse dithuto tsa gagwe tse di potlana le tse dikgolwane kwa Mochudi.<ref name=":0" /> Morago ga sekolo se segolwane, o ne a ithutela molao kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Botswana le Swaziland]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Ka gonne go ne go sena sekolo sa molao mo Botswana ka nako eo, ka fa tlase ga thulaganyo ya thuso ya Borithane o ne a tsena yunibesithi kwa [[Eswatini|Swaziland]] mme a wetsa dingwaga di le pedi tsa dithuto kwa Scotland, kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Edinburgh]], pele ga a bona digerata ya gagwe ya [[Bachelor of Laws]] ka 1983 kwa Yunibesithing ya Botswana le Swaziland.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":4">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFUniversity_of_Edinburgh2010|University of Edinburgh 2010.]]</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDaymondLenta2004|Daymond & Lenta 2004]], pp. 49–50.</ref> == Molao le bolweladitshwanelo == === Tiro ya gagwe ya pele (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity Dow - PopTech 2011 - Camden Maine USA - 6266756376.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Unity Dow]] Diswai o ne a bona dithutego tsa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go bereka kwa dikantorong tsa [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana]] e le mosekisi wa melato ya borukutlhi kwa [[Gaborone]]. O nyalane le moagi wa Amerika, Peter Nathan Dow, ka Mopitlo a supa 1984. Banyalani ba ba ne ba nna kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0" /> Ka 1986, Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong e e ikemetseng ka nosi e e neng e dira tiro ya molao wa bosenyi, mme a bula feme ya Dow Malakaila, e leng feme ya ntlha ya molao ya basadi-botlhe mo lefatsheng leo. Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa bomme mo Botswana sa [[Emang Basadi]] (Emela Basadi ka dinao). Ka 1988, leina la feme le ne la fetolwa moragonyana go nna Dow Lesetedi and Company.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFSegwai2008|Segwai 2008.]]</ref><ref name=":4" /> Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a simolola mmogo mokgatlho wa Basadi le Molao mo Borwa jwa Aforika (WLSA) go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dikgetsi.<ref name=":0" /> Go tloga ka 1988 go fitlha ka 1991, Dow o ne a direla WLSA dipatlisiso, a thusa go wetsa thutopatlisiso ya kgaolo ka ga ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi mo mafatsheng a le marataro tse di mabapi.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":2" /> Ka 1990, o thusitse go tlhoma Lefelo la Tshedimosetso la Basadi la Metlhaetsile go rotloetsa thuto ka ditshwanelo tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka 1990, Dow o ne a tlhatlhela kgetsi kwa [[Kgotla Kgolong ya Ditsheko ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" /> Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagi wa 1984, ke fela [[bana ba ba seng ka fa molaong]] ba ba neng ba ka bona bosetšhaba ka mmaabo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1992|Quansah 1992]], p. 196.</ref> Ka bana ba gagwe ba le babedi mo go ba le bararo le Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa tsewe e le Batswana.<ref name=":6">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBeyani1994|Beyani 1994]], p. 294.</ref> Ka go boifa gore go ka nna le kgonagalo ya gore fa tetla ya ga Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng e felelwa ke nako ka 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ka nna la patelesega go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola kgetsi ya [[Unity Dow v Attorney-General]] a latofatsa gore Molao wa Boagi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefadiwa le go sotlakakwa mo go seng mo sethong. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhela e ema Dow nokeng e dumalana gore molao o ama tlhopho ya gagwe e e gololesegileng ya gore o tla nyala mang, o ka mo pateletsa go kgaogana le lelwapa la gagwe fa ditetlelelo tsa bonno tsa monna wa gagwe le bana ba gagwe di sa ntšhwafadiwe, mme o ne o tlhaola.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFColdham1992|Coldham 1992]], pp. 91–92.</ref> === Tiro ya magareng (1991–2009) === Dow o ne a tsere sebaka sa dingwaga di le pedi a beetse tiro ya gagwe ya molao kwa tlhoko ka 1991 ka ntlha ya kgetse e mme ka nako eo, o ne a simolola mmogo Sekolo se se botlana sa Baobob kwa Gaborone le AIDS Action Trust.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":8">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFColumbia_Law_School2009|Columbia Law School 2009.]]</ref> O ne a dira jaaka mogokaganyi wa WLSA go tloga ka 1992 go fitlha ka 1994,<ref name=":5" /> fa boikuelo jwa kgetse ya gagwe bo santse bo letilwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo, ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya nganga gore go tlhaola basadi go sireleditswe ke dipeelo tsa molaomotheo go somarela dingwao tsa setso tsa Botswana, e e neng e le setšhaba sa [[losika lwa borre]].<ref name=":6" /> <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], pp. 190–191.</ref> Mmueledi Mogolo le ene o ne a ganela gore Dow o ne a na le maitsetsepelo, a bolela gore ene ka boene ga a a utlwisiwa botlhoko ke sepe.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], p. 190.</ref> [[Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Tautona ya Baatlhodi [[Austin Amissah]], e ne ya swetsa ka gore kgethololo ya bong e thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ka se fete dipeelo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse Botswana e neng e na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le modumedi wa tsone.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBeyani1994|Beyani 1994]], p. 295.</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], p. 196.</ref> Mo kgannyeng ya maitsetsepelo, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go na le kgonagalo ya gore a ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne a gobaditswe, mme go kgaogana le ba lelwapa la gagwe go tla bo go nyenyefatsa le go tlhoka setho.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], pp. 200–201.</ref> Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa katlholo ya Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditseko ka diphetogo tse dinnye, ya bolela gore Dikarolo tsa bone le botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagi ga di dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], p. 189.</ref> Ka ntlha ya katlholo e e botlhokwa e, ka 1995 Molao wa Boagi o ne wa baakanngwa go tlosa go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go boneng bosetšhaba mo Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFManby2010|Manby 2010]], p. 50.</ref> Katlholo e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go ralala Aforika go gatelela phetogo mo melaong ya bone ya bosetšhaba le go fedisa go sa lekalekane ga bong, mme seno sa felela ka gore mo e ka nnang sephatlo sa mafatshe a Aforika a baakanye melao ya bosetšhaba ka 2010.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPailey2020|Pailey 2020]], p. 1839.</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFManby2010|Manby 2010]], p. 48.</ref> Go tloga ka 1994 go fitlha ka 1998, Dow o ne a dira jaaka mokaedi wa Setheo sa Tshedimosetso sa Basadi sa Metlhaetsile mme ka nako eo o ne a gatisa ''The Citizenship Case'' ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le botlhano, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa kgetse ya gagwe.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":4" /> Ka 1996, o ne a dira mo kgetsing e e neng e amana le [[go tlhokomela bana]] e e neng ya felela ka gore go dirwe phetolo ya melao ya tshegetso, mme ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bosupa o ne a tlhagisa kgetse ka ga [[bolwetse jwa basadi ba ba itewang]], a tsaya gore tseno ke dikgang tse di botlhokwa mo basading.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":9">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDavis2014|Davis 2014]], p. 227.</ref> Mo ngwageng oo, Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi kwa [[Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kwa kgotlatshekelong ka Firikgong 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5" /> Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetlho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go dira jaaka moatlhodi kwa Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko.<ref name=":16">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLedererMacharia-Mokobi2012|Lederer & Macharia-Mokobi]] 2012, p. 249.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone , Dow o ne a dira jaaka karolo ya thomo ya [[Lekgotla la Ditshaba]] go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le [[Charlotte Abaka]] wa Mo-Ghana, yo e kileng ya bo e le modulasetilo wa [[Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref name=":7">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDivision_for_the_Advancement_of_Women2004|Division for the Advancement of Women 2004]], p. 8.</ref> [[Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya Middle East Technical University ya Bong le Basadi; kwa [[Ankara]], kwa Turkey;<ref name=":7" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBianet2019|Bianet 2019.]]</ref> [[Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa Gender Studies and Human Rights Documentation Centre kwa [[Accra]];<ref name=":7" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBowman2019|Bowman 2019]], p. 4.</ref> le Moaforika Borwa, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]], moporofesara wa molao kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Puso ya Pennsylvania|Yunibesithing ya Pennsylvania]] [[Yunibesithing ya Puso ya Pennsylvania|State]].<ref name=":7" /> Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna molaodi wa [[Khuduthamaga ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong ao ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe.<ref name=":12">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLazaroff2012|Lazaroff 2012]].</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro , o ne a tlhophiwa go direla mo komiting e kgolo ya Khuduthamaga ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi le balaodi ba le barataro ba ba boelelang le maloko a mararo a masha, go akaretsa le ene, [[Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa [[Serbia]] le [[Raji Sourani]] wa [[Palastina]].<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPalestinian_Centre_for_Human_Rights2006|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights 2006]].</ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo kgetsing ya ''[[Roy Sesana and Others v. the Government of Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa kwa Kgotleng Kgolo ya Ditsheko ka 2002 ke batho ba Basarwa<ref name=":10">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], pp. 103–104, 107.</ref> (ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba bidiwang batho ba naga ya Kalahari)<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":9" /> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa kgetsi mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le 241 ba ba neng ba tsena mo kgetsing fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e fedisa metsi mo lefelong leno la polokelo, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisa go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, le go leka go tlosa Basarwa ka dikgoka kwa ba nnang teng. Ba ne ba baakanya kgetse ya bone go akaretsa go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo le makgabisa naga go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong la tshireletso kwantle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya diteseletso tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref name=":10" /> Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka 2006, Dow o ne ya swetsa ka gore go fedisiwa ga ditirelo le go patelediwa go fudusiwa ga Basarwa go ne go emela tlolomolao ya tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaomotheo.<ref name=":5" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], pp. 108–109.</ref> O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ditshenyegelo di duelwe ba ba neng ba fudusitswe mme ba se na keletso ya go boa.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], p. 109.</ref> Mo kgannyeng ya diteseletso tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro ba ne ba dumalana gore di ne di thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, ka le fa Lephata la Diphologolo le makgabisa Naga le ne le sa patelesege go ntsha diteseletso, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela ka nako e gape ba neng ba emisa mophako, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa batho ba Basarwa jwa go itshedisa.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], pp. 115–117.</ref> Mo kgannyeng ya diteseletso tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go dirisa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], p. 120.</ref> Kgetse e, go ya ka moporofesa wa molao Clement Ng'ong'ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana go amogela ditshwanelo tsa batho ba tlholego mo mafatsheng a borraabonemogologolwane.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], p. 121.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bosupa, Dow o ne a dira jaaka leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya Rwanda le go sekaseka gore lefatshe le ka tswa jang mo [[dikgotlhang]] tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya yone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo dikgetseng tsa [[polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba bo tshekiso e e sa tseeng letlhakore.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREF%C3%85hlund2007|Åhlund 2007]], p. 5.</ref><ref name=":11">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFUniversity_of_South_Australia2009|University of South Australia 2009]].</ref> Nngwe ya dikgetsi tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le malebang le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la dino tse di tagang. Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome mararo mme kgetse e ne ya feleletsa e tholotswe.<ref name=":5" /> O ne a rola tiro mo setilong ka kgwedi ya Moranang,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[Sekolong sa Molao sa Yunibesithi ya Washington le Lee]] kwa [[Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a dira jaaka moporofesa yo o etileng kwa [[Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":11" /> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010–gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome , Dow o ne a tlhoma feme ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi eo o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[Tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong ya Nakwana e e Ikemetseng ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go diragatsa [[Molaomotheo]] o mosha wa Kenya.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNSW_Bar_Association2011|NSW Bar Association 2011]].</ref><ref name=":9" /> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bongwe , o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetulo wa Komiti e kgolo ya Molaodi wa Khuduthamaga ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCrowe2011|Crowe 2011]].</ref> Mo ngwageng oo Dow o ne a simolola go dira le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo tse dingwe tsa [[batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa Omang tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCamminga2020|Camminga 2020]], pp. 247–248.</ref> Ka nako eo kwa Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba baakanye ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dikwalong tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ne ba ya kwa ofising ya Omang le kwadiso matsalo go fetola dikwalo tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go tla ka taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCamminga2020|Camminga 2020]], pp. 244, 248.</ref> Ba ne ba kopa Dow go ba thusa, mme ene o ne a ikgolaganya le [[Setheo sa Ditsheko sa Aforika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le tshegetso ya madi.<ref name=":13">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCamminga2020|Camminga 2020]], p. 248.</ref> Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla newa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke kgetse, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo kgetsing e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa dikgetse tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref name=":13" />^{[Nopolo ya boraro]} Go fitlhelela seo, Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho wa [[LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo kgetsing ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya matsalo. Mokgatlho o ne o ganetswe ka go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Badiri le Merero ya Selegae, ka mabaka a gore ditiro tsa thatano ya bong di ne di se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng leo. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho go tlola tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore kgetse e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa thobalano, mme e le gore a maloko a ka kokoana le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMokwape2014a|Mokwape 2014a]].</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone , Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha le go se letla go kopana go ne go tlola Molaomotheo, Dikarolo ya boraro, lesome le bobedi, le lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, kgololesego ya go kopana, le kgololesego ya go kokoana ka go latelana.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMokwape2014b|Mokwape 2014b]].</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity Dow and Macsuzy Mondon, September 2015.jpg|thumb|200x200px|BoTona Dow le [[Macsuzy Mondon]] (Seychelles) ba saena Memo ya Kutlwano ya lenaneo la kananyo ya barutabana, 2015]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi a le malatsi marataro ngwaga wa dikete tse pedile lesome le bobedi , Dow o ne a tlhomiwa ke [[Lekgotla la Ditshwanelo tsa Batho la Lekgotla la Ditshaba]] jaaka mongwe wa baitseanape ba le bararo ba ba ikemetseng go dira thomo ya go batlisisa dintlha ka ga ka moo mafelo a bonno a Iseraele a kwa West Bank a amang Bapalestina ka teng.<ref name=":12" /> Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a swetsa go tsena mo dipolotiking mme a tsenelela lekoko la [[Botswana Democratic Party]].<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFSunday_Standard2012a|''Sunday Standard'' 2012a]].</ref> O ne a emela [[ditlhopho tsa setshaba tsa 2014]] tsa Kgaolo ya Mochudi Bophirima, mme a latlhegelwa ke go bata setilo mo Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBasimanebotlhe2014|Basimanebotlhe 2014]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane a le masome mabedi le boferabobedi ,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone, Dow o ne a tlhophiwa, mmogo le bontlhopheng ba bangwe ba le barataro, ke Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] wa Botswana jaaka leloko le le itlhophetsweng la palamente. Mmogo le [[Kenneth Matambo]], [[Kitso Mokaila]], le Eric Molale, o ne a fenya ditlhopho mme a tlhomiwa go nna Mothusa Tona wa Thuto mo Pusong eo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMotsamai2014|Motsamai 2014]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMosikare2014|Mosikare 2014]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Dikitso ke Khama, a tlhatlhama [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]], Mothusatautona wa Botswana yo wa nako eo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPiet2015|Piet 2015]].</ref> Ka nako ya fa a ne a le mo Lephateng, Dow o ne a tlhoma lenaneo la go katisa barutabana go tswa kwa Seychelles kwa Botswana le go romela barutabana ba Batswana kwa ntle go ya go thusa Seychelles ka tlhaelo ya barutabana.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPhiloBonnelame2015|Philo & Bonnelame 2015]].</ref> O ne a direla mo maemong ao go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borataro, fa mo kabakanngwa cabinet, a ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto ya Motheo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMmegi2016b|''Mmegi'' 2016b]].</ref> Morago ga gore Khama a tloge mo maemong a botautona ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi , Dow o ne a sutisiwa ke Tautona yo o tsenang Masisi go tswa mo Thutong go ya kwa maemong a Tona ya Mafaratlhatlha le Tlhabololo ya Matlo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMwakideu2018|Mwakideu 2018]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGabathuse2018|Gabathuse 2018]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi 2018, mo phetogong ya cabinet, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Merero ya Mafatshe a Sele, a ananya setilo sa gagwe mo Mafaratlhatlheng le Matlo le Vincent Tina Seretse, yo o neng a tshwere Merero ya Mafatshe a sele mo nakong e e fetileng.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMorupisi2018|Morupisi 2018]].</ref> Masisi o ne a fenya botautona mo [[ditlhophong tsa setshaba tsa 2019]] mme a tlhomamisa gape Dow jaaka Tona ya Merero ya Mafatshe a Sele ya palamente ya bo lesome le bobedi ya Botswana.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMmegi2019|''Mmegi'' 2019]].</ref> Dow mmogo le barwadie Cheshe le Natasha, o ne a bula Dow Academy kwa Mochudi, [[Kgaolo ya Kgatleng]] ka Firikgong 2020. Sekolo seno se se ikemetseng se ruta thuto e potlana le e kgolwane.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLuebering2020|Luebering 2020]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi , Dow o ne a tlogela bodiredi jwa gagwe mme a emisediwa ka Lemogang Kwape mo phetogong ya cabinet.<ref name=":14">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMotlhoka2020|Motlhoka 2020]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGabathuse2020|Gabathuse 2020]].</ref> Dow o buile ka kgato e, "Jaaka tona o bua thata ka portfolio ya gago. Mme [[banka e e kwa morago]] e go naya kgololesego ya go botsolotsa dikgang tse di farologaneng tse di amang bosetšhaba. Tekanyetso e le nosi ke boemo jwa lekoko la me mo kgannyeng e e rileng".<ref name=":14" /> == Go kwala == Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi , fa Dow a ne a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dinaane, ke bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba dirile dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela babadi kwa ntle ga Botswana. <ref name=":15" /> Lengwe la mabaka a seno e ne e le kganetso e e tiileng ya boeteledipele jwa Batswana gore MaBorithane ba kopanye kgaolo ya bona le ya Aforika Borwa, e e neng ya isa kwa go itshireletseng kgatlhanong le Pan-Africanism le go tlhoka dipeeletso mo mafaratlhatlheng a setšhaba le tlhabololo ya thuto. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;34, 36.</ref> Bobedi dibuka tsa gagwe tsa non-fiction le tsa fiction di kopanya dikgang tsa loago le tsa semolao le seabe sa tsona mo bong le mo kagong ya maatla. <ref name=":9" /> <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] p.&#x20;35.</ref>Mosebetsi o mong le o mong wa Dow o hlahloba ditlwaelo tsa setjhaba tse lebisang ho se leka-lekane ha dikamano tsa matla le ho susumetsa pefo kgahlanong le basadi, tlhekefetso ya thobalano ya bana, bothata ba AIDS, le ho se lekane ha bong. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFJenkins2012|Jenkins 2012,]] p.&#x20;151.</ref> Batho ba ba mo bukeng ya gagwe ba dirisa tlhaloganyo go ganana le ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa setso sa setso. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFJenkins2012|Jenkins 2012]], p.&#x20;153.</ref> Ka padi ya gagwe ya ntlha, Far and Beyon' (2000), Dow o ne a bua thata ka ga leroborobo la AIDS le ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka mo malapeng, segolo jang ka fa basadi ba ba tshelang mo setšhabeng sa borra-bana ba lebanang le malapa a a senang borre ka ntlha ya tshenyo e e tlisitseng kwa Botswana ya kwa magaeng. <ref name=":16" /><ref name=":17">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGagiano2004|Gagiano 2004,]] p.&#x20;40.</ref>E sekaseka dithibelo tsa ditlwaelo tsa setso, meetlo, le ditheo tse di beilweng mo basading le mo basading ka go dirisa dikago tse di ikaegileng ka banna.<ref name=":17" /> Mo kanegelong eno, Mara, mmè yo o sa itseng go bala le go kwala yo o nang le bokgoni jo bo lekanyeditsweng jwa go itlamela, o setse a na le monna a le mongwe le barwa ba le babedi ba ba bolawang ke AIDS, monna yo mongwe a mo latlha, mme molekane wa gagwe wa boraro o mo sotla.<ref name=":18">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004]], p.&#x20;38</ref> <ref name=":17" />Mara o bolela gore loso lwa barwa ba gagwe lo bakilwe ke mmaba yo o fitlhegileng mme o batla dikarabo mo go yo o bolelelang pele isagwe. Le fa morwadie, Mosadi (e e rayang mosadi), yo o itsegeng jaaka Mosa, le morwawe yo o setseng, Stan, ba sa dumele gore meetlo ya mmoki e tla tlhalosa gore ke ka ntlha yang fa bomorwarraabone ba sule, ba tsamaya mmogo le meletlo e e laetsweng. <ref name=":18" /> Fa Mosa a lemoga gore o imile mme o latlhetswe ke rraagwe ngwana, o swetsa go senya mpa ka sephiri, go na le go imetsa mmaagwe go feta.<ref name=":18" /> Mo maitekong a go fodisa lelapa la gagwe, Mosa o sekaseka ditlwaelo tsa loago tse di kgaoganyang banna le basadi le go godisa ditiro tsa banna, a ruta basadi go itlhokomolosa diphoso tsa bone. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGagiano2004|Gagiano 2004,]] p.&#x20;41.</ref>A nna a ikanyega mo lelapeng la gagwe le mo setsong sa gagwe, o ithuta go gana go amogela maitsholo a a sa siamang mo setšhabeng sa gaabo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGagiano2004|Gagiano 2004,]] p.&#x20;42.</ref>Ka tsela e, Dow o tlhatlhoba gore go ineela ga setšhaba le go didimala ka diphoso mo setšhabeng go isa jang kwa tlhakatlhakanong ya mogopolo le go dirisa ba ba senang maatla ka tsela e e sa siamang ke ba ba nang le maatla go feta. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;38–40.</ref> Dipolelo tse di tshwanang di ne tsa tsenngwa mo bukeng ya bobedi ya ga Dow, The Screaming of the Innocent (2001), e e sekasekang gape maatlafatso ya basadi mo nageng e e tletseng ka bonweenwee jwa sepodisi, polao ya ngwao, sephiri sa setheo, le tidimalo ya setšhaba. <ref name=":15" /> Go batlisisa tlwaelo ya setso ya dipheko, go bolaya mongwe go kotula dirwe tsa gagwe tsa mmele ka ntlha ya dinonofo tsa bone tsa boselamose tsa lesego le katlego, Dow o bontsha ka moo bahumi le ba ba maatla ba tsomang ka teng batho ba ba sa itseng go bala le go kwala ba kwa magaeng le go reka tidimalo ya babusi. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;40–41.</ref>Mo bukeng, mosetsanyana o bolailwe mo sekgweng gaufi le motse wa gaabo mme tshedimosetso ka ga kgetsi e ne ya thibelwa ke sepodisi le banna ba ba maatla ba lefelo la gaabo. Go kgaolwa ga mmele wa gagwe go fitlhilwe mo bukeng e le letshwao le le supang gore batho ga ba amogele mekgwa e e ntseng jalo mo setšhabeng ka kakaretso. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] p.&#x20;42.</ref>Protagonist, Amantle Bokaa, yo o fetsang tirelo ya gagwe ya bosetšhaba (e e itsegeng kwa Botswana jaaka Tirelo Sechaba), o fitlhela diaparo tse di nang le madi mo kamoreng ya tleliniki e a e abetsweng.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;42–43.</ref> Diaparo tseno ke tsa motho mongwe yo o neng a bolailwe pele ga moo, mme fa di neelwa baagi ba motse ba lemoga gore ba ne ba sa di itse. Bokaa, ka gore baagi ba motse ba dumela gore ga a kitla a bonwa ka tsela e e sa siamang ke balaodi, o tlhophiwa go bua le mapodisi mo boemong jwa baagi ba motse.[ 78] Ka gore ke mosadi le ngwana, o lebega a sena maatla, mme thuto ya gagwe, e e mo rutileng bokgoni jwa go dirisana le kganetso le go belaela ditumelo, e mo naya maatla le boitshepo go gwetlha molao wa tidimalo le dikgoreletsi tsa loago mo tseleng ya gagwe. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] p.&#x20;43.</ref> <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNgom2018|Ngom 2018,]] p.&#x20;23.</ref>Tiro ya ga Dow ga e bue fela ka dikamano tsa maatla, mme gape e bua ka dilo tse di tshosang tsa polao ya ngwao le polao ya basadi.[ 80] O tlhalosa ka tlhamalalo tumelo ya gagwe ya gore basadi e tla nna bone ba ba tla fetolang dipholisi go fedisa mekgwa e e ntseng jalo.[ 81] Far and Beyon′ e ne ya gololwa la ntlha kwa Botswana mme morago ya gatisiwa kwa Australia. The Screaming of the Innocent e ne ya gatisiwa la ntlha kwa Australia mme ya gatisiwa gape kwa Afrika Borwa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le boraro. Buka ya gagwe ya boraro, Juggling Truths, e ne ya phasaladiwa ngwaga oo kwa Australia mme ya gololwa ngwaga o o latelang kwa Afrika Borwa. 82] Dow gape o ne a tlhatlhoba ditlwaelo tsa setso tse di sa siamang le ditlwaelo tsa loago ka maano a go di lwantsha.[ 83] Le fa a ne a kile a batlisisa ka ga setšhaba sa Aforika le mathata a a bakilweng ke go ganana le segompieno sa Bophirima le setso sa selegae, tiro e e tsepamisitse maikutlo mo tiragalong ya go lekalekanya go dumalana le ditlwaelo tse di siameng le tse di sa siamang mo setsong sa selegae. [ Ka go dirisa setshwano sa Monei, mosetsana yo monnye yo o nnang mo motseng wa magae, Dow o tlhatlhoba dingwao tsa molomo le tiriso ya ditlhamane le ditlhamane jaaka tsela ya go tsenya dikaelo tsa maitsholo le jaaka taolo ya loago mo baneng. 85] Buka eno e gwetlha dilo tse di jaaka tumelo ya gore go bolaya segwagwa se se nnang se lebile go ka baka matsubutsubu a magolo, gore go tsalana le motho yo o nang le boswafi go ka tlisa bomadimabe, kana gore go nwa motlhapo wa poo go ka thusa motho go ithuta go letsa molodi. Gape e na le dipolelo tse di buang ka selalome sa monna se se medisang bana le moruti yo o sotlang basetsana ka tlhakanelodikobo. Ditema tse di mo kanegelong di golaganya Juggling Truths le dibuka tsa ntlha tse pedi tsa ga Dow mme di kaya gore basetsana le basadi ba kgona go tlhabolola nonofo ya bone ka thuto le go akanya ka go ikemela. 85][86] Dow o atamela tshekatsheko ya gagwe ya go raraana ga loago a dirisa mefuta e e farologaneng ya ditsereganyo, a lemoga gore ga go na ditharabololo tse di bonolo.[ 87] Juggling Truths e ne e le moanelwa wa Percy FitzPatrick Prize mo setlhopheng sa basha ba ba godileng ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro.[ 88] Buka ya Dow ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bosupa ya The Heavens May Fall e bua ka boitshupo jo bo fetogang go tswa mo setšhabeng sa setso go ya mo lefatsheng la segompieno la lefatshe lotlhe. Mo matlhong a ga Dow, setšhaba se fetoga ka metlha; ka ntlha ya seo, ngwao, bong, boitshupo, puo, kago ya loago le ditheo di a fetoga. 89] Kgang e e buang ka botshelo jwa ga Dow, e bua ka phetogo go tswa mo ditseleng tse di se nang ditshipi go ya go diphaepe tsa metsi tsa mo teng ga ntlo le ka moo khumo ya teemane e neng ya dira gore go nne le thuto, tlhokomelo ya boitekanelo le ditirelo.[ Buka e e neetswe bana ba gagwe ba bararo, e boeletsa ka moo dikakanyo ka ga bone di fetogileng ka teng, jaaka e le Maaforika, mme gape ba abelana ka boitshupo jo bo raraaneng ka gonne rraabone e ne e le moagi wa US. Mo nakong e kgang e diragalang ka yone, ba ne ba tla tsewa e le batswakwa. 91] Kgang e e bua ka Naledi, yo o belegweng pele ga go dirwa ga Botswana sešwa mme e diragala ka nako ya fa Dow a ne a gwetlha molao wa bosetšhaba.[ 92] Jaaka mmueledi, Naledi o emela basadi ba ba bokoa le bana ba ba tlhokang katlholo kgotsa thuso ya semolao. O tsaya kgetsi ya lekgarebe lengwe le le neng la betelelwa mme o senola gore tsamaiso ya semolao e e laolwang ke banna e ne e na le seabe, e leng se se dirileng gore kgetsi eno e se ka ya sekwa ka nako ya tsheko. Le fa kgetse e sa rarabololwa, molatofadiwa o ne a laelwa go dira teko ya HIV, ka ntlha ya gore motlhaselwa wa gagwe o ne a kile a tlhakanela dikobo a sa itshireletsa,[93] se se gatelelang diphetogo tsa loago le go fetofetoga ga maemo. Go nna monna ga go ne go naya molatofadiwa tshiamelo kgotsa maatla a go tila teko mo nageng e mo go yona tsamaiso ya molao e nang le tshireletso go akaretsa tshireletso ya basadi,[94] go sa kgathalesege gore tsamaiso ya molao e ne ya palelwa kwa bofelong Naledi.[ 68] == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} [[Karolo:Ditsalo tsa 1959]] [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] [[Karolo:Baatlhodi ba Botswana]] [[Karolo:Molwela-ditshwanelo tsa bomme wa Botswana]] == Botshelo jwa pele le thuto == Mme Unity Diswai o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa 1959, kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boraro, kwa [[Mochudi]] mo [[Kgaolo ya Kgatleng|Kgaolong ya Kgatleng]] mo [[Botswana]] (yo ka nako e o a neng a bidiwa [[Bechuanaland]] ), <ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref> ke ngwana wa batsadi ba gagwe e bong rre Phiri le mme Maefshane Diswai (ba gape ba itsegeng ka maina a Moses le Ellen Diswai), bobedi jo bo tsalatswe mo morafeng wa [[Basarwa]] fa godimo ga moo ke maloko a morafe wa BaKgatla.<ref name=":0" /> <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref> Motse wa selegae o a goletseng mo go one o ne o sena ditsela tsa sekonotiri, motlakase le fa e le metsi a a elelang. Go ne go sena megala ya letheka mme o ne a ise a bone setsidifatsi ka matlho go fitlha a nna mo dingwageng tsa bolesome, le fa e le setshwantsho sa motshikhinyego go fitlha a nna dingwaga di le masome a mabedi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=48}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ellis|2012}}</ref></ref> . Mmaagwe e ne e le moroki, yo o neng a kgona go bala le go kwala ka [[Setswana]], mme a sa kgone go bala le go kwala ka Sekgoa.<ref><ref name=":1" /></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=49}}</ref></ref>. Rraagwe yo o neng a berekela mo polasing e nnye, o ne a bua ebile a kgona go bala Sekgoa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=49}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=49}}</ref></ref>E ne ya re fa rraagwe a tsena sekolo, o ne a ikgapela thuso ya madi a go tsena kwa [[:en:University_of_Fort_Hare|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Fort Hare]], mme thuso e o e ne ya fiwa morwa wa kgosi boemong jwa gagwe. Batsadi ba gagwe ka bobedi jwa bone ba ne ba dumela gore thuto ke selo sa botlhokwa mme bana ba bone ba le barataro mo go ba le supa ba ne ba wetsa dithuto tsa bone tsa ithutelo tiro.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=49}}</ref></ref> Dithuto tsa bone [[:en:Western_culture|tsa kwa Bophirima]] di ne di sa tlwaelesega mo magaeng a Botswana ka nako eo.<ref name=":1">{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref> Mme Diswai o weditse dithuto tsa gagwe tse dipotlana le tse dikgolwane kwa Mochudi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Morago ga sekolo se segolwane, o ne a ithutela molao kwa [[:en:University_of_Botswana_and_Swaziland|sekolong se segolwane sa ithutelo tiro sa Botswana le Swaziland]] . <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ellis|2012}}</ref></ref>. Ka go ne go sena sekolo sa molao mo Botswana ka nako eo, o ne a tsena yunibesithi kwa [[Eswatini|Swaziland]] ka fa tlase ga thulaganyo ya thuso ya Boritheini mme a wetsa dingwaga di le pedi tsa dithuto kwa Scotland, kwa [[:en:University_of_Edinburgh|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Edinburgh]], pele ga a bona setlankana sa gagwe [[:en:Bachelor_of_Laws|sa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao]] ka ngwaga wa 1983 kwa sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Botswana le Swaziland.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2012 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref> <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=49–50}}</ref></ref>. == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> Go fitlhelela seo, mme Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho [[LEGABIBO|wa LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo tshekong ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya setshaba. Mokgatlho o ne o gannwe go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le ga mmogo le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Merero ya Badiri le tsa Selegae, ka mabaka a gore go ratana ga bong go ne go se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho yo go ne go le kgatlhanong le tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore tsheko e, e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa tlhakanelodikobo, mme e ne e le ka ga gore a maloko a ka kgona go kokoanya le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014a}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotlatshekelokgolo o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha seo le go se letla go kopana go ne go gataka Molaomotheo, karolo ya boraro, ya lesome le bobedi, le ya lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, go kopana le go kopana ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014b}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> Go fitlhelela seo, mme Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho [[LEGABIBO|wa LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo tshekong ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya setshaba. Mokgatlho o ne o gannwe go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le ga mmogo le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Merero ya Badiri le tsa Selegae, ka mabaka a gore go ratana ga bong go ne go se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho yo go ne go le kgatlhanong le tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore tsheko e, e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa tlhakanelodikobo, mme e ne e le ka ga gore a maloko a ka kgona go kokoanya le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014a}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotlatshekelokgolo o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha seo le go se letla go kopana go ne go gataka Molaomotheo, karolo ya boraro, ya lesome le bobedi, le ya lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, go kopana le go kopana ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014b}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_and_Macsuzy_Mondon,_September_2015.jpg|alt=Photograph of two seated women, attended by two witnesses standing beside them, signing documents on a table.|thumb| Ditona mme Dow le mme Macsuzy Mondon (Seychelles) ba baya monwana mo mokwalong wa Kutlwano wa lenaneo la kananyo ya barutabana, 2015]] == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> Go fitlhelela seo, mme Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho [[LEGABIBO|wa LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo tshekong ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya setshaba. Mokgatlho o ne o gannwe go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le ga mmogo le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Merero ya Badiri le tsa Selegae, ka mabaka a gore go ratana ga bong go ne go se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho yo go ne go le kgatlhanong le tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore tsheko e, e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa tlhakanelodikobo, mme e ne e le ka ga gore a maloko a ka kgona go kokoanya le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014a}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotlatshekelokgolo o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha seo le go se letla go kopana go ne go gataka Molaomotheo, karolo ya boraro, ya lesome le bobedi, le ya lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, go kopana le go kopana ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014b}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_and_Macsuzy_Mondon,_September_2015.jpg|alt=Photograph of two seated women, attended by two witnesses standing beside them, signing documents on a table.|thumb| Ditona mme Dow le mme Macsuzy Mondon (Seychelles) ba baya monwana mo mokwalong wa Kutlwano wa lenaneo la kananyo ya barutabana, 2015]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 2012, Dow o ne a tlhomiwa ke [[:en:United_Nations_Human_Rights_Council|Lekgotla la Ditshwanelo tsa Batho la Ditšhabakopano]] jaaka mongwe wa baitseanape ba le bararo ba ba ikemetseng go dira thomo ya go batlisisa dintlha ka ga ka moo mafelo a bodulo a Iseraele a West Bank a amang Bapalesetina ka teng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a tsena mo dipolotiking mme a tsenela lekoko la [[Phathi ya Tomokoraga|Botswana Democratic Party]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Sunday Standard|2012a}}</ref></ref> O ne a tsenela [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2014 (Botswana)|ditlhophokakaretso tsa 2014]] tsa Kgaolo ya Mochudi Bophirima, mme a seke a kgone go fenya setilo mo lekgotleng la [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Kokoano ya matona a puso]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Basimanebotlhe|2014}}</ref></ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2014, Dow o ne a tlhophiwa, mmogo le bontlhopheng ba bangwe ba le barataro, ke Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] wa Botswana jaaka leloko le le tlhophilweng ka tsela e e kgethegileng la palamente. Mmogo le [[Kenneth Matambo]], [[Kitso Mokaila]], le Eric Molale, o ne a fenya ditlhopho mme a tlhomiwa go nna Mothusa Tona wa Thuto mo pusong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Motsamai|2014}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mosikare|2014}}</ref></ref>. Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2015, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Bokgoni ke rre Khama, a tlhatlhama rre [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]], yo e neng e le mothusa-tautona wa lefatshe la Botswana ka nako e o.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Piet|2015}}</ref></ref> Ka nako ya fa a le mo Lephateng, Dow o ne a tlhoma lenaneo la go katisa barutabana go tswa kwa [[:en:Seychelles|Seychelles]] mo Botswana le go romela barutabana ba Batswana go ya go thusa Seychelles ka tlhaelo ya barutabana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bonnelame|2015}}</ref></ref> O ne a direla mo maemong a go fitlhelela ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ngwaga wa 2016, mo tlhakatlhakanong ya kabinete, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mmegi|2016b}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> Go fitlhelela seo, mme Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho [[LEGABIBO|wa LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo tshekong ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya setshaba. Mokgatlho o ne o gannwe go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le ga mmogo le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Merero ya Badiri le tsa Selegae, ka mabaka a gore go ratana ga bong go ne go se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho yo go ne go le kgatlhanong le tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore tsheko e, e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa tlhakanelodikobo, mme e ne e le ka ga gore a maloko a ka kgona go kokoanya le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014a}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotlatshekelokgolo o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha seo le go se letla go kopana go ne go gataka Molaomotheo, karolo ya boraro, ya lesome le bobedi, le ya lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, go kopana le go kopana ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014b}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_and_Macsuzy_Mondon,_September_2015.jpg|alt=Photograph of two seated women, attended by two witnesses standing beside them, signing documents on a table.|thumb| Ditona mme Dow le mme Macsuzy Mondon (Seychelles) ba baya monwana mo mokwalong wa Kutlwano wa lenaneo la kananyo ya barutabana, 2015]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 2012, Dow o ne a tlhomiwa ke [[:en:United_Nations_Human_Rights_Council|Lekgotla la Ditshwanelo tsa Batho la Ditšhabakopano]] jaaka mongwe wa baitseanape ba le bararo ba ba ikemetseng go dira thomo ya go batlisisa dintlha ka ga ka moo mafelo a bodulo a Iseraele a West Bank a amang Bapalesetina ka teng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a tsena mo dipolotiking mme a tsenela lekoko la [[Phathi ya Tomokoraga|Botswana Democratic Party]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Sunday Standard|2012a}}</ref></ref> O ne a tsenela [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2014 (Botswana)|ditlhophokakaretso tsa 2014]] tsa Kgaolo ya Mochudi Bophirima, mme a seke a kgone go fenya setilo mo lekgotleng la [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Kokoano ya matona a puso]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Basimanebotlhe|2014}}</ref></ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2014, Dow o ne a tlhophiwa, mmogo le bontlhopheng ba bangwe ba le barataro, ke Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] wa Botswana jaaka leloko le le tlhophilweng ka tsela e e kgethegileng la palamente. Mmogo le [[Kenneth Matambo]], [[Kitso Mokaila]], le Eric Molale, o ne a fenya ditlhopho mme a tlhomiwa go nna Mothusa Tona wa Thuto mo pusong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Motsamai|2014}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mosikare|2014}}</ref></ref>. Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2015, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Bokgoni ke rre Khama, a tlhatlhama rre [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]], yo e neng e le mothusa-tautona wa lefatshe la Botswana ka nako e o.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Piet|2015}}</ref></ref> Ka nako ya fa a le mo Lephateng, Dow o ne a tlhoma lenaneo la go katisa barutabana go tswa kwa [[:en:Seychelles|Seychelles]] mo Botswana le go romela barutabana ba Batswana go ya go thusa Seychelles ka tlhaelo ya barutabana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bonnelame|2015}}</ref></ref> O ne a direla mo maemong a go fitlhelela ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ngwaga wa 2016, mo tlhakatlhakanong ya kabinete, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mmegi|2016b}}</ref></ref> Morago ga gore rre Khama a tlogele maemo a botautona ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2018, Dow o ne a tlhatlosiwa ke tautona rre Masisi yo o neng a sa tswa go nna tautona go tswa kwa maemong a go nna tona ya Thuto go ya kwa maemong a go nna Tona ya lephata la dikago le tlhabololo ya matlo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mwakideu|2018}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gabathuse|2018}}</ref></ref>Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2018, mo go fetolweng ga Kabinete, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna [[:en:Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_International_Cooperation_(Botswana)|Tona ya Merero ya Boditšhabatšhaba le Tirisanommogo]], a fetola setilo sa gagwe sa dikago le tlhabololo ya matlo le rre Vincent Tina Seretse, yo o neng a tshwere Merero ya boditšhabatšhara pele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Morupisi|2018}}</ref></ref>Rre Masisi o ne a fenya maemo a botautona mo [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2019 (Botswana)|Ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa 2019]] mme a tlhomamisa mme Dow gape jaaka Tona ya Merero ya Boditšhabatšhaba le Tirisanommogo ya palamente ya lesome le bobedi ya lefatshe la Botswana..<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mmegi|2019}}</ref></ref>Mme Dow le bomorwadie Cheshe le Natasha, ba ne ba bula Dow Academy kwa Mochudi, mo kgaolong ya Kgatleng ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 2020. Sekolo se sa kgwebo se na le dithuto tse dipotlana le tse dikgolwane.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Luebering|2020}}</ref></ref>Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2020, Dow o ne a tlogela bodiredi jwa gagwe mme a tseelwa sebaka ke Lemogang Kwape mo pusong e ntšha.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Motlhoka|2020}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gabathuse|2020}}</ref></ref>Dow o ne a bua jaana ka go tsaya kgato e, "Jaaka tona o bua thata ka bodiredi jwa gago. Mme setilo se se kwa morago se go naya kgololesego ya go botsolotsa dikgang tse di farologaneng tse di amang setšhaba. Thibelo e le nngwe fela ke boemo jwa me jwa lekoko mo kgannyeng e e rileng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Motlhoka|2020}}</ref></ref> == Dikwalo == Ka ngwaga wa 2000, fa Dow a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dipolelo, go ne go na le bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba tlhagisitse dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela mafatshe a a kwa ntle ga Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref>Lengwe la mabaka a seo e ne e le kganetso e e feteletseng ya boeteledipele jwa lefatshe la Botswana gore batho-basweu ba kwa ga Mmamosadinyana ba kopanye lefatshe la bone le [[Aforika Borwa|Aferikaborwa]], se se neng sa dira gore go nne le kganetso ya go itshireletsa kgatlhanong le tumelo ya [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|kopano ya mafatshe a Aferika]] go ne ga boa gape ga nna le go tlhoka peeletso mo dikgwebong tsa koketso-madi a setšhaba le mo tlhabololong ya thuto. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=34, 36}}</ref></ref> Mefuta ya dibuka tsa gagwe ka bobedi ba tsone go akaretsa tse e seng tsa dipolelo le tsa dipolelo di kopanya dintlhana tsa dikgang tse di amanang le setšhaba ga mmogo le tsa semolao e bile di supa ditlamorago tsa tsone mo go tsa bong le tsa ga mmogo le kabisano ya dithata.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=35}}</ref></ref> . Dibuka dingwe le dingwe tsa ga Dow di sekaseka mekgwa ya setšhaba e e bakang go sa lekalekane ga dikamano tsa dithata le go tlhotlheletsa [[:en:Domestic_violence|tiriso-dikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi]], [[:en:Child_sexual_abuse|tirisobotlhaswa ya bana,]] [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Africa#Southern_Africa|mathata a segajaja sa AIDS]], le [[:en:Gender_inequality|go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> Baanelwa mo dipolelong tsa gagwe ba dirisa mokgwa wa go akanya yo o tlwaelesegileng go ganetsa mekgwa ya ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ka fa ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa ngwao.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=153}}</ref></ref> == Dikwalo == Ka ngwaga wa 2000, fa Dow a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dipolelo, go ne go na le bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba tlhagisitse dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela mafatshe a a kwa ntle ga Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref>Lengwe la mabaka a seo e ne e le kganetso e e feteletseng ya boeteledipele jwa lefatshe la Botswana gore batho-basweu ba kwa ga Mmamosadinyana ba kopanye lefatshe la bone le [[Aforika Borwa|Aferikaborwa]], se se neng sa dira gore go nne le kganetso ya go itshireletsa kgatlhanong le tumelo ya [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|kopano ya mafatshe a Aferika]] go ne ga boa gape ga nna le go tlhoka peeletso mo dikgwebong tsa koketso-madi a setšhaba le mo tlhabololong ya thuto. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=34, 36}}</ref></ref> Mefuta ya dibuka tsa gagwe ka bobedi ba tsone go akaretsa tse e seng tsa dipolelo le tsa dipolelo di kopanya dintlhana tsa dikgang tse di amanang le setšhaba ga mmogo le tsa semolao e bile di supa ditlamorago tsa tsone mo go tsa bong le tsa ga mmogo le kabisano ya dithata.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=35}}</ref></ref> . Dibuka dingwe le dingwe tsa ga Dow di sekaseka mekgwa ya setšhaba e e bakang go sa lekalekane ga dikamano tsa dithata le go tlhotlheletsa [[:en:Domestic_violence|tiriso-dikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi]], [[:en:Child_sexual_abuse|tirisobotlhaswa ya bana,]] [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Africa#Southern_Africa|mathata a segajaja sa AIDS]], le [[:en:Gender_inequality|go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> Baanelwa mo dipolelong tsa gagwe ba dirisa mokgwa wa go akanya yo o tlwaelesegileng go ganetsa mekgwa ya ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ka fa ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa ngwao.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=153}}</ref></ref> Mo pading ya gagwe ya ntlha ya leina la '<nowiki/>''Far and Beyon′'' ya ngwaga wa 2000, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma mogopolo mo setlhogong se se botlhokwa sa leroborobo la bolwetsi jwa AIDS le ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka mo malwapeng, bogolo jang ka fa basadi ba ba tshelang mo setšhabeng se se dumelang mo ketelelongpele ke batho ba borre ba tshelang ka teng mo malwapeng a a se nang borre ka ntlha ya tshenyo e e bakileng mo magaeng a lefatshe la Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Leder Macharia|2012|p=249}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=40}}</ref></ref> E sekaseka melelwane e mekgwa ya setso, dingwao le metheo e e bayang mo basetsaneng ga mmogo le mo basading ka go dirisa dipopego tse di ikaegileng ka ketelelo pele ya banna.<ref name=":0" />Mo polelong e o, Mara, e bong mmè yo o sa itseng go bala le go kwala e bile a sa kgone go itshedisa, o setse a tsile a nyalwa ke monna a le mongwe a bo a tlhokafalelwa ke bana ba gagwe ba le babedi ka ntlha ya bolwetsi jwa AIDS, monna yo mongwe o ne a mo tlogela, mme monna wa gagwe wa boraro o ne a mo sotlaka.<ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0" />Mara o ne a amanya go swa ga bana ba gagwe le mmaba mongwe yo o fitlhegileng mme a batla dikarabo mo go bo [[:en:Divination|nkadilatlha]]. Le fa morwadie, wa leina la Mosadi, yo ka tlwaelo a itsegeng e le Mosa, le ngwana wa gagwe wa mosimane yo o setseng, e bong Stan, ba sa dumele gore a nkadilatlha o ka tlhalosa gore ke eng fa bokgaitsadie ba tlhokafetse, ba diragatsa fela dithomo tse ba di laetsweng. <ref name=":1" /> Fa Mosa a lemoga gore o mo mmeleng ebile o latlhilwe ke rraagwe ngwana, o tsaya tshwetso ya gore a senye mpa mo sephiring, go na le go imetsa mmaagwe yo o setseng a lebaganwe ke mathata.<ref name=":0" /> Mo maitekong a go fodisa lelwapa la gagwe, Mosa o sekaseka mekgwa ya tlwaelo e e kgaoganyang banna le basadi e bo e tsholeletsa megopolo ya borre kwa godimo, e ruta basadi go itlhokomolosa ditselana tse ba kgopisiwang ka tsone e bile ba sa tsewe sentle.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=41}}</ref></ref> Se e le tsela ya go fetlha boikanyo mo lelwapeng la gabone le mo setsong sa lefatshe la gabone, Mosa o ithuta go gana go amogela maitsholo a a sa lolamang mo tikologong ya gabone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref>Ka tsela e, mme Dow o ne a sekaseka ka moo go ineela ga setšhaba le go didimala ka diphoso mo setšhabeng go bakang tlhakatlhakano ya megopolo le go tiriso-botlhaswa ya batho ba ba se nang dithata ke ba ba nang le dithata go ba feta.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=38–40}}</ref></ref> == Dikwalo == Ka ngwaga wa 2000, fa Dow a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dipolelo, go ne go na le bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba tlhagisitse dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela mafatshe a a kwa ntle ga Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref>Lengwe la mabaka a seo e ne e le kganetso e e feteletseng ya boeteledipele jwa lefatshe la Botswana gore batho-basweu ba kwa ga Mmamosadinyana ba kopanye lefatshe la bone le [[Aforika Borwa|Aferikaborwa]], se se neng sa dira gore go nne le kganetso ya go itshireletsa kgatlhanong le tumelo ya [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|kopano ya mafatshe a Aferika]] go ne ga boa gape ga nna le go tlhoka peeletso mo dikgwebong tsa koketso-madi a setšhaba le mo tlhabololong ya thuto. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=34, 36}}</ref></ref> Mefuta ya dibuka tsa gagwe ka bobedi ba tsone go akaretsa tse e seng tsa dipolelo le tsa dipolelo di kopanya dintlhana tsa dikgang tse di amanang le setšhaba ga mmogo le tsa semolao e bile di supa ditlamorago tsa tsone mo go tsa bong le tsa ga mmogo le kabisano ya dithata.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref><ref name=":2"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=35}}</ref></ref> . Dibuka dingwe le dingwe tsa ga Dow di sekaseka mekgwa ya setšhaba e e bakang go sa lekalekane ga dikamano tsa dithata le go tlhotlheletsa [[:en:Domestic_violence|tiriso-dikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi]], [[:en:Child_sexual_abuse|tirisobotlhaswa ya bana,]] [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Africa#Southern_Africa|mathata a segajaja sa AIDS]], le [[:en:Gender_inequality|go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> Baanelwa mo dipolelong tsa gagwe ba dirisa mokgwa wa go akanya yo o tlwaelesegileng go ganetsa mekgwa ya ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ka fa ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa ngwao.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=153}}</ref></ref> Mo pading ya gagwe ya ntlha ya leina la '<nowiki/>''Far and Beyon′'' ya ngwaga wa 2000, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma mogopolo mo setlhogong se se botlhokwa sa leroborobo la bolwetsi jwa AIDS le ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka mo malwapeng, bogolo jang ka fa basadi ba ba tshelang mo setšhabeng se se dumelang mo ketelelongpele ke batho ba borre ba tshelang ka teng mo malwapeng a a se nang borre ka ntlha ya tshenyo e e bakileng mo magaeng a lefatshe la Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Leder Macharia|2012|p=249}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=40}}</ref></ref> E sekaseka melelwane e mekgwa ya setso, dingwao le metheo e e bayang mo basetsaneng ga mmogo le mo basading ka go dirisa dipopego tse di ikaegileng ka ketelelo pele ya banna.<ref name=":0" />Mo polelong e o, Mara, e bong mmè yo o sa itseng go bala le go kwala e bile a sa kgone go itshedisa, o setse a tsile a nyalwa ke monna a le mongwe a bo a tlhokafalelwa ke bana ba gagwe ba le babedi ka ntlha ya bolwetsi jwa AIDS, monna yo mongwe o ne a mo tlogela, mme monna wa gagwe wa boraro o ne a mo sotlaka.<ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0" />Mara o ne a amanya go swa ga bana ba gagwe le mmaba mongwe yo o fitlhegileng mme a batla dikarabo mo go bo [[:en:Divination|nkadilatlha]]. Le fa morwadie, wa leina la Mosadi, yo ka tlwaelo a itsegeng e le Mosa, le ngwana wa gagwe wa mosimane yo o setseng, e bong Stan, ba sa dumele gore a nkadilatlha o ka tlhalosa gore ke eng fa bokgaitsadie ba tlhokafetse, ba diragatsa fela dithomo tse ba di laetsweng. <ref name=":1" /> Fa Mosa a lemoga gore o mo mmeleng ebile o latlhilwe ke rraagwe ngwana, o tsaya tshwetso ya gore a senye mpa mo sephiring, go na le go imetsa mmaagwe yo o setseng a lebaganwe ke mathata.<ref name=":0" /> Mo maitekong a go fodisa lelwapa la gagwe, Mosa o sekaseka mekgwa ya tlwaelo e e kgaoganyang banna le basadi e bo e tsholeletsa megopolo ya borre kwa godimo, e ruta basadi go itlhokomolosa ditselana tse ba kgopisiwang ka tsone e bile ba sa tsewe sentle.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=41}}</ref></ref> Se e le tsela ya go fetlha boikanyo mo lelwapeng la gabone le mo setsong sa lefatshe la gabone, Mosa o ithuta go gana go amogela maitsholo a a sa lolamang mo tikologong ya gabone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref>Ka tsela e, mme Dow o ne a sekaseka ka moo go ineela ga setšhaba le go didimala ka diphoso mo setšhabeng go bakang tlhakatlhakano ya megopolo le go tiriso-botlhaswa ya batho ba ba se nang dithata ke ba ba nang le dithata go ba feta.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=38–40}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|alt=Photograph of asmiling African woman wearing a grey tweed jacket over a white v-necked blouse with a purple scarf and beaded necklace around her neck.|thumb| Mme Dow ka ngwaga wa 2011]] Melaetsa e e tshwanang e tsentswe mo pading ya bobedi ya ga Dow ya setlhogo sa '<nowiki/>''The Screaming of the Innocent'' ' ya ngwaga wa 2001, e le yone e sekasekang thatafatso ya basadi mo lefatsheng le le tletseng bonweenwee jwa mapodisi, dipolao tsa ditlhabelo tsa bongaka ba setso, diphiri mo metheong ya lefatshe ga mmogo le tidimalo ya setšhaba mo dikgannyeng tse.<ref name=":2" /> Fa a sekaseka mokgwa wa setso wa ''dipheko'', wa go bolaya motho go gopela dirwe tsa gagwe ka ntlha ya lesego le katlego e a nang le yone go ya ka tumelo ya maselamotse , Dow o supa ka fa bahumi le batho ba ba nang le dithata ba tshwarang baagedi ba metseselegae ba ba sa rutegang ka teng le ka fa ba rekang tidimalo ya ba ba mo maemong a molao ka teng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=40–41}}</ref></ref> Mo bukeng e, mosetsana mongwe o mmotlana o bolawa mo [[The bush|sekgweng]] gaufi le motse wa gaabo mme tshedimosetso ka ga tsheko e o e gateletswe ke mapodisi le banna ba ba nang le dithata tse di rileng ba lefelo la gabone. Go kgaoganngwa ga gagwe go fitlhegile mo pading jaaka sesupo sa go tlhoka go lemogiwa ga ditiro tse di ntseng jalo mo setšhabeng ka kakaretso.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref> Moanelwamogolo, e bong Amantle Bokaa, yo o wetsang [[:en:National_service|tirelo ya gagwe ya setshaba]], o ribolola diaparo tse di tletseng madi mo lebokosong la kokelwana e a abetsweng go berekela kwa go yone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=42–43}}</ref></ref>Diaparo tseo ke tsa motho yo o kileng a tlhaselwa pelenyana, mme fa di tlhagisiwa mo bathong ba motse di tsosa maitemogelo a gore ntlha e o ba ne ba e fitlhetswe. Ka go nne batho ba motse ba ne ba dumela gore Bokaa o ka seke a lebiwe ka tsela e e sa siamang e ba ba mo maemong a a rileng ba ba tshwarang ka yone, o tlhophiwa go bua le mapodisi mo boemong jwa batho ba motse.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=43}}</ref></ref>Ka lebaka la gore ke mosadi e bile ke ngwana, o ne a tlaa lebega a se na maatla, mme dithutego tsa gagwe, tse di neng tsa mo ruta bokgoni jwa go lebagana le baganetsi le go botsolosa ditumelo, di mo fa maatla le go itshepa go ka gwetlha molao wa tidimalo ga mmogo le dikgoreletsi tsa setshaba tse di emeng kgatlhanong le ene.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=43}}</ref></ref> <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=23}}</ref></ref>Tiro ya ga Dow ga e tlhome mogopolo fela mo dikamanong tsa dithata, mme e tlhoma mogopolo mo go tshoseng ga dipolao tsa dipheko le [[Femicide|dipolao tsa basadi]]. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=27}}</ref></ref>O tlhalosa sentle tumelo ya gagwe ya gore bomme e tlaa nna bone ba ba okameng diphetogo mo melaong ya go fedisa ditiro tse di ntseng jalo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=32}}</ref></ref> 843ky3un5hmqdhk5y9jtq8ngcpj8j53 53604 53603 2026-07-30T05:58:43Z Lame Ralosetlha 12932 Created by translating the section "Writing" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358461802|Unity Dow]]" 53604 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Unity Dow|office=[[Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation (Botswana)|Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation]]|image=Unity Dow - PopTech 2011 - Camden Maine USA - 6269953840.jpg|alt=Photograph of an African woman in a grey brocaded suit standing in front of a backdrop depicting a group of African women in blue dresses, while giving a speech. She is wearing a geometrically patterned beaded neck collar, has a yellow device in her right hand, and is pointing with her left index finger to the left of the stage.|caption=Dow in 2011|predecessor=[[Vincent T. Seretse]]|president=[[Mokgweetsi Masisi]]|successor=[[Lemogang Kwape]]|term_start=2 November 2019|term_end=26 August 2020|majority2=193 (1.66%)|office2=[[Member of Parliament (Botswana)|Member of Parliament]] for [[Kgatleng West]]|predecessor2=''new constituency''|party=[[Botswana Congress Party]]|birth_name=Unity Diswai|birth_date={{birth date and age|1959|4|23|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Mochudi]], [[Bechuanaland Protectorate]] (now [[Botswana]]|spouse={{Marriage|Peter Nathan Dow|7 March 1984}}<br/> Karl J. Stahl{{sfn|Karlsruhe Institute of Technology|2008}}|children=3|alma_mater=[[University of Botswana and Swaziland]] ([[LLB]])<br>[[University of Edinburgh]]|profession=Lawyer, judge, politician, writer, and human rights activist}} '''Unity Dow''' (née '''Diswai'''; o tshotswe ka Moranang a le masome mabedi le boraro 1959) ke mmueledi wa [[Botswana|Motswana]]^{[<nowiki/>[[Batho ba ba tswang kwa Botswana ba bidiwa Motswana (bongwe) kgotsa Batswana (bontsi) .|N]]}^{[[Batho ba ba tswang kwa Botswana ba bidiwa Motswana (bongwe) kgotsa Batswana (bontsi) .|opolo 1]]]}, mokwadi, [[molweladitshwanelo tsa batho]] le [[Leloko la Palamente]] la [[Kgatleng Bophirima]] e sale ka Ngwanatsele 2024. O kile a nna moatlhodi kwa [[Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko ya Botswana]] le mo phateng a a farologaneng a Botswana. O tsholetswe kwa [[Bechuanaland|Bechuanaland Protectorate]] ke moroki le molemimorui, ba ba neng ba gatelela gore bana ba bone ba bone thuto, Dow o goletse mo motseng wa setso wa legae pele ga ditlhabololo tsa segompieno. O ne a bona thuto ya molao ka 1983 kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Botswana le Swaziland]], le fa dithuto tsa gagwe di ne tsa wediwa kwa Swaziland le kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Edinburgh]], kwa Scotland, ka Botswana a ne a sena sekolo sa molao ka nako eo. Fa a sena go aloga, Dow o ne a bula kantoro ya ntlha ya molao e le ya basadi gotlhe mo Botswana mme ka 1997 a nna mosadi wa ntlha go tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi kwa Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko ya lefatshe leo. Ka nako ya fa a ne a le mo tirong ya molao, Dow o ne a amega mo dikgetsing di le tharo tsa ditso mo Botswana. Ka 1992, e ne e le mongongoregi mo kgetsing e e botlhokwa ya semolao, ''[[Unity Dow v Attorney-Genera]]''l, e e neng ya fedisa go tlhaola batho ka bong mo [[melaong ya bosetšhaba]] ya setšhaba e pele e neng e sa letle bana go bona bosetšhaba mo go bommaabone ba ba nyetsweng. Kgetse e ne ya bonela Dow tebelelo ya boditšhabatšhaba mme ya tsosa lekhubu la diphetogo tse di fedisang go sa lekalekane ga bong mo melaong ya bosetšhaba go ralala Aforika. Ka 2006, jaaka moatlhodi yo o okametseng kgetse ya ga ''Roy Sesana and Others v. the Government of Botswana'', Dow o ne a atlhola kgatlhanong le ditiro tsa puso tsa go thibela [[batho ba tlholego ba Basarwa]] go nna le go tsoma mo [[mafelong a borraabonemogologolwane]], mme seo sa ba pateletsa go nna gape kwa ntle ga [[Central Kalahari Game Reserve]]. O ne a atlhola gore puso e tshwanetse go busetsa ditirelo tsa motheo, e letle Basarwa go boela mo lefatsheng le go bona ditetla tsa go tsoma, le go duela ditshenyegelo mo go ba ba fudusitsweng ka dikgoka fa ba ka tlhopha go se boele. Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Dow o ne a dira jaaka mmueledi wa semolao wa [[LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo kgetseng ya bone ya go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa Lephateng la Kwadiso ya Matsalo mme ba atlega go amogela katlholo ya gore puso e letle mokgatlho o kwadisiwe. Dow o ne a tlhophiwa la ntlha go tsena mo [[Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba]] ka 2014, fa a ne a tlhophiwa ke Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] jaaka mopalamente yo o itlhophetsweng. O ne a tlhomiwa la ntlha go nna Mothusa Tona wa Thuto mme ka 2015 a nna Tona ya Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Dikitso. Morago ga moo o ne a dira jaaka Tona ya Thuto ya Motheo, Tona ya Mafaratlhatlha le Tlhabololo, le Tona ya Merero ya mafatshe a sele, pele ga a nna moeteledipele wa [[lemorago]] ka 2020. O dirile mo dikhuduthamageng le dikomiting di le mmalwa tsa boditšhabatšhaba, a sekaseka tiriso ya melao e e amang ditshwanelo tsa batho kwa [[Kenya]], [[Palastina]], [[Rwanda]] le [[Sierra Leone]]. Ka 2000, Dow o ne a simolola go gatisa dipadi, ka tlwaelo o ne a lebile dikgang tsa loago le tsa semolao le ditlamorago tsa tsone mo dipopegong tsa bong le tsa maatla. Dibuka tse di sekaseka mekgwa ya loago le go dirisa batho botlhaswa ka go ba sotlaka, go dirisa dikgoka le go gatelela ditshwanelo tsa batho. O amogetse dikakgolo le ditlotla di le dintsi ka ntlha ya tiro ya gagwe ya go thusa batho, go akaretsa le [[Legion of Honor]] ka 2010. == Botshelo jwa pele le thuto == Unity Dow o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Moranang e le malatsi a masome mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 1959 mo motseng wa [[Mochudi]], mo [[Kgaolo ya Kgatleng|kgaolong ya Kgatleng]], mo lefatsheng la [[Botswana]] le ka nako eo e neng ele [[Bechuanaland|Bechuanaland Protectorate]]<ref name=":0">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLedererMacharia-Mokobi2012|Lederer & Macharia-Mokobi 2012]], p. 248.</ref><ref name=":15">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004]], p. 34.</ref> mo batsading ba gagwe Phiri le Maefshane Diswai (ba ba itsegeng gape ka leina la Moses le Ellen Diswai), ditlogolwana tsa merafe ya tlholego ya [[Basarwa]] le maloko a merafe ya Bakgatla. Motseselegae o a goletseng mo go one o ne o sa tshelwa ditsela, motlakase le metsi a a elang. Go ne go sena mesokelatsebeng e bile o ne a ise a bone setsidifatsi go fitlha a nna mo dingwageng tsa bonana, le fa e le thelebishene go fitlha a nna dingwaga di le masome a mabedi.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDaymondLenta2004|Daymond & Lenta 2004]], p. 48.</ref><ref name=":1">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFEllis2012|Ellis 2012.]]</ref> Mmaagwe e ne e le moroki, yo o neng a kgona go bala le go kwala ka [[Setswana]], mme e seng Seesemane.<ref name=":2">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFSunday_Standard2007|''Sunday Standard'' 2007.]]</ref><ref name=":3">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDaymondLenta2004|Daymond & Lenta 2004]], p. 49.</ref> Rraagwe, yo o neng a bereka mo polasing e nnye, o ne a bua le go bala Seesemane.<ref name=":3" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNarloch2012|Narloch 2012]], p. 3.</ref> Fa rraagwe a ne a le kwa sekolong, o ne a gapa thuso ya madi a go tsena [[Yunibesithi ya Fort Hare]], mme thuso eo e ne ya newa morwa kgosi boemong jwa gagwe. Mo batsading ba gagwe ka bobedi, thuto e ne ya nna selo sa botlhokwa mme bana ba bone ba le barataro mo go ba le supa ba ne ba wetsa dithuto tsa bone tsa yunibesithi.<ref name=":3" /> Dithuto tsa bone tsa [[Bophirima]] di ne di sa tlwaelega mo metseselegaeng ya Botswana ka nako eo.<ref name=":2" /> Diswai o weditse dithuto tsa gagwe tse di potlana le tse dikgolwane kwa Mochudi.<ref name=":0" /> Morago ga sekolo se segolwane, o ne a ithutela molao kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Botswana le Swaziland]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Ka gonne go ne go sena sekolo sa molao mo Botswana ka nako eo, ka fa tlase ga thulaganyo ya thuso ya Borithane o ne a tsena yunibesithi kwa [[Eswatini|Swaziland]] mme a wetsa dingwaga di le pedi tsa dithuto kwa Scotland, kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Edinburgh]], pele ga a bona digerata ya gagwe ya [[Bachelor of Laws]] ka 1983 kwa Yunibesithing ya Botswana le Swaziland.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":4">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFUniversity_of_Edinburgh2010|University of Edinburgh 2010.]]</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDaymondLenta2004|Daymond & Lenta 2004]], pp. 49–50.</ref> == Molao le bolweladitshwanelo == === Tiro ya gagwe ya pele (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity Dow - PopTech 2011 - Camden Maine USA - 6266756376.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Unity Dow]] Diswai o ne a bona dithutego tsa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go bereka kwa dikantorong tsa [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana]] e le mosekisi wa melato ya borukutlhi kwa [[Gaborone]]. O nyalane le moagi wa Amerika, Peter Nathan Dow, ka Mopitlo a supa 1984. Banyalani ba ba ne ba nna kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0" /> Ka 1986, Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong e e ikemetseng ka nosi e e neng e dira tiro ya molao wa bosenyi, mme a bula feme ya Dow Malakaila, e leng feme ya ntlha ya molao ya basadi-botlhe mo lefatsheng leo. Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa bomme mo Botswana sa [[Emang Basadi]] (Emela Basadi ka dinao). Ka 1988, leina la feme le ne la fetolwa moragonyana go nna Dow Lesetedi and Company.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFSegwai2008|Segwai 2008.]]</ref><ref name=":4" /> Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a simolola mmogo mokgatlho wa Basadi le Molao mo Borwa jwa Aforika (WLSA) go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dikgetsi.<ref name=":0" /> Go tloga ka 1988 go fitlha ka 1991, Dow o ne a direla WLSA dipatlisiso, a thusa go wetsa thutopatlisiso ya kgaolo ka ga ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi mo mafatsheng a le marataro tse di mabapi.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":2" /> Ka 1990, o thusitse go tlhoma Lefelo la Tshedimosetso la Basadi la Metlhaetsile go rotloetsa thuto ka ditshwanelo tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka 1990, Dow o ne a tlhatlhela kgetsi kwa [[Kgotla Kgolong ya Ditsheko ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" /> Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagi wa 1984, ke fela [[bana ba ba seng ka fa molaong]] ba ba neng ba ka bona bosetšhaba ka mmaabo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1992|Quansah 1992]], p. 196.</ref> Ka bana ba gagwe ba le babedi mo go ba le bararo le Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa tsewe e le Batswana.<ref name=":6">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBeyani1994|Beyani 1994]], p. 294.</ref> Ka go boifa gore go ka nna le kgonagalo ya gore fa tetla ya ga Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng e felelwa ke nako ka 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ka nna la patelesega go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola kgetsi ya [[Unity Dow v Attorney-General]] a latofatsa gore Molao wa Boagi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefadiwa le go sotlakakwa mo go seng mo sethong. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhela e ema Dow nokeng e dumalana gore molao o ama tlhopho ya gagwe e e gololesegileng ya gore o tla nyala mang, o ka mo pateletsa go kgaogana le lelwapa la gagwe fa ditetlelelo tsa bonno tsa monna wa gagwe le bana ba gagwe di sa ntšhwafadiwe, mme o ne o tlhaola.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFColdham1992|Coldham 1992]], pp. 91–92.</ref> === Tiro ya magareng (1991–2009) === Dow o ne a tsere sebaka sa dingwaga di le pedi a beetse tiro ya gagwe ya molao kwa tlhoko ka 1991 ka ntlha ya kgetse e mme ka nako eo, o ne a simolola mmogo Sekolo se se botlana sa Baobob kwa Gaborone le AIDS Action Trust.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":8">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFColumbia_Law_School2009|Columbia Law School 2009.]]</ref> O ne a dira jaaka mogokaganyi wa WLSA go tloga ka 1992 go fitlha ka 1994,<ref name=":5" /> fa boikuelo jwa kgetse ya gagwe bo santse bo letilwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo, ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya nganga gore go tlhaola basadi go sireleditswe ke dipeelo tsa molaomotheo go somarela dingwao tsa setso tsa Botswana, e e neng e le setšhaba sa [[losika lwa borre]].<ref name=":6" /> <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], pp. 190–191.</ref> Mmueledi Mogolo le ene o ne a ganela gore Dow o ne a na le maitsetsepelo, a bolela gore ene ka boene ga a a utlwisiwa botlhoko ke sepe.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], p. 190.</ref> [[Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Tautona ya Baatlhodi [[Austin Amissah]], e ne ya swetsa ka gore kgethololo ya bong e thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ka se fete dipeelo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse Botswana e neng e na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le modumedi wa tsone.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBeyani1994|Beyani 1994]], p. 295.</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], p. 196.</ref> Mo kgannyeng ya maitsetsepelo, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go na le kgonagalo ya gore a ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne a gobaditswe, mme go kgaogana le ba lelwapa la gagwe go tla bo go nyenyefatsa le go tlhoka setho.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], pp. 200–201.</ref> Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa katlholo ya Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditseko ka diphetogo tse dinnye, ya bolela gore Dikarolo tsa bone le botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagi ga di dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], p. 189.</ref> Ka ntlha ya katlholo e e botlhokwa e, ka 1995 Molao wa Boagi o ne wa baakanngwa go tlosa go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go boneng bosetšhaba mo Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFManby2010|Manby 2010]], p. 50.</ref> Katlholo e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go ralala Aforika go gatelela phetogo mo melaong ya bone ya bosetšhaba le go fedisa go sa lekalekane ga bong, mme seno sa felela ka gore mo e ka nnang sephatlo sa mafatshe a Aforika a baakanye melao ya bosetšhaba ka 2010.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPailey2020|Pailey 2020]], p. 1839.</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFManby2010|Manby 2010]], p. 48.</ref> Go tloga ka 1994 go fitlha ka 1998, Dow o ne a dira jaaka mokaedi wa Setheo sa Tshedimosetso sa Basadi sa Metlhaetsile mme ka nako eo o ne a gatisa ''The Citizenship Case'' ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le botlhano, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa kgetse ya gagwe.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":4" /> Ka 1996, o ne a dira mo kgetsing e e neng e amana le [[go tlhokomela bana]] e e neng ya felela ka gore go dirwe phetolo ya melao ya tshegetso, mme ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bosupa o ne a tlhagisa kgetse ka ga [[bolwetse jwa basadi ba ba itewang]], a tsaya gore tseno ke dikgang tse di botlhokwa mo basading.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":9">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDavis2014|Davis 2014]], p. 227.</ref> Mo ngwageng oo, Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi kwa [[Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kwa kgotlatshekelong ka Firikgong 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5" /> Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetlho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go dira jaaka moatlhodi kwa Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko.<ref name=":16">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLedererMacharia-Mokobi2012|Lederer & Macharia-Mokobi]] 2012, p. 249.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone , Dow o ne a dira jaaka karolo ya thomo ya [[Lekgotla la Ditshaba]] go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le [[Charlotte Abaka]] wa Mo-Ghana, yo e kileng ya bo e le modulasetilo wa [[Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref name=":7">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDivision_for_the_Advancement_of_Women2004|Division for the Advancement of Women 2004]], p. 8.</ref> [[Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya Middle East Technical University ya Bong le Basadi; kwa [[Ankara]], kwa Turkey;<ref name=":7" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBianet2019|Bianet 2019.]]</ref> [[Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa Gender Studies and Human Rights Documentation Centre kwa [[Accra]];<ref name=":7" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBowman2019|Bowman 2019]], p. 4.</ref> le Moaforika Borwa, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]], moporofesara wa molao kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Puso ya Pennsylvania|Yunibesithing ya Pennsylvania]] [[Yunibesithing ya Puso ya Pennsylvania|State]].<ref name=":7" /> Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna molaodi wa [[Khuduthamaga ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong ao ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe.<ref name=":12">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLazaroff2012|Lazaroff 2012]].</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro , o ne a tlhophiwa go direla mo komiting e kgolo ya Khuduthamaga ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi le balaodi ba le barataro ba ba boelelang le maloko a mararo a masha, go akaretsa le ene, [[Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa [[Serbia]] le [[Raji Sourani]] wa [[Palastina]].<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPalestinian_Centre_for_Human_Rights2006|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights 2006]].</ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo kgetsing ya ''[[Roy Sesana and Others v. the Government of Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa kwa Kgotleng Kgolo ya Ditsheko ka 2002 ke batho ba Basarwa<ref name=":10">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], pp. 103–104, 107.</ref> (ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba bidiwang batho ba naga ya Kalahari)<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":9" /> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa kgetsi mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le 241 ba ba neng ba tsena mo kgetsing fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e fedisa metsi mo lefelong leno la polokelo, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisa go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, le go leka go tlosa Basarwa ka dikgoka kwa ba nnang teng. Ba ne ba baakanya kgetse ya bone go akaretsa go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo le makgabisa naga go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong la tshireletso kwantle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya diteseletso tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref name=":10" /> Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka 2006, Dow o ne ya swetsa ka gore go fedisiwa ga ditirelo le go patelediwa go fudusiwa ga Basarwa go ne go emela tlolomolao ya tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaomotheo.<ref name=":5" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], pp. 108–109.</ref> O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ditshenyegelo di duelwe ba ba neng ba fudusitswe mme ba se na keletso ya go boa.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], p. 109.</ref> Mo kgannyeng ya diteseletso tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro ba ne ba dumalana gore di ne di thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, ka le fa Lephata la Diphologolo le makgabisa Naga le ne le sa patelesege go ntsha diteseletso, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela ka nako e gape ba neng ba emisa mophako, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa batho ba Basarwa jwa go itshedisa.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], pp. 115–117.</ref> Mo kgannyeng ya diteseletso tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go dirisa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], p. 120.</ref> Kgetse e, go ya ka moporofesa wa molao Clement Ng'ong'ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana go amogela ditshwanelo tsa batho ba tlholego mo mafatsheng a borraabonemogologolwane.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], p. 121.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bosupa, Dow o ne a dira jaaka leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya Rwanda le go sekaseka gore lefatshe le ka tswa jang mo [[dikgotlhang]] tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya yone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo dikgetseng tsa [[polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba bo tshekiso e e sa tseeng letlhakore.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREF%C3%85hlund2007|Åhlund 2007]], p. 5.</ref><ref name=":11">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFUniversity_of_South_Australia2009|University of South Australia 2009]].</ref> Nngwe ya dikgetsi tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le malebang le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la dino tse di tagang. Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome mararo mme kgetse e ne ya feleletsa e tholotswe.<ref name=":5" /> O ne a rola tiro mo setilong ka kgwedi ya Moranang,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[Sekolong sa Molao sa Yunibesithi ya Washington le Lee]] kwa [[Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a dira jaaka moporofesa yo o etileng kwa [[Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":11" /> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010–gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome , Dow o ne a tlhoma feme ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi eo o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[Tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong ya Nakwana e e Ikemetseng ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go diragatsa [[Molaomotheo]] o mosha wa Kenya.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNSW_Bar_Association2011|NSW Bar Association 2011]].</ref><ref name=":9" /> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bongwe , o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetulo wa Komiti e kgolo ya Molaodi wa Khuduthamaga ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCrowe2011|Crowe 2011]].</ref> Mo ngwageng oo Dow o ne a simolola go dira le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo tse dingwe tsa [[batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa Omang tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCamminga2020|Camminga 2020]], pp. 247–248.</ref> Ka nako eo kwa Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba baakanye ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dikwalong tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ne ba ya kwa ofising ya Omang le kwadiso matsalo go fetola dikwalo tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go tla ka taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCamminga2020|Camminga 2020]], pp. 244, 248.</ref> Ba ne ba kopa Dow go ba thusa, mme ene o ne a ikgolaganya le [[Setheo sa Ditsheko sa Aforika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le tshegetso ya madi.<ref name=":13">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCamminga2020|Camminga 2020]], p. 248.</ref> Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla newa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke kgetse, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo kgetsing e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa dikgetse tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref name=":13" />^{[Nopolo ya boraro]} Go fitlhelela seo, Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho wa [[LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo kgetsing ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya matsalo. Mokgatlho o ne o ganetswe ka go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Badiri le Merero ya Selegae, ka mabaka a gore ditiro tsa thatano ya bong di ne di se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng leo. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho go tlola tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore kgetse e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa thobalano, mme e le gore a maloko a ka kokoana le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMokwape2014a|Mokwape 2014a]].</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone , Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha le go se letla go kopana go ne go tlola Molaomotheo, Dikarolo ya boraro, lesome le bobedi, le lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, kgololesego ya go kopana, le kgololesego ya go kokoana ka go latelana.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMokwape2014b|Mokwape 2014b]].</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity Dow and Macsuzy Mondon, September 2015.jpg|thumb|200x200px|BoTona Dow le [[Macsuzy Mondon]] (Seychelles) ba saena Memo ya Kutlwano ya lenaneo la kananyo ya barutabana, 2015]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi a le malatsi marataro ngwaga wa dikete tse pedile lesome le bobedi , Dow o ne a tlhomiwa ke [[Lekgotla la Ditshwanelo tsa Batho la Lekgotla la Ditshaba]] jaaka mongwe wa baitseanape ba le bararo ba ba ikemetseng go dira thomo ya go batlisisa dintlha ka ga ka moo mafelo a bonno a Iseraele a kwa West Bank a amang Bapalestina ka teng.<ref name=":12" /> Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a swetsa go tsena mo dipolotiking mme a tsenelela lekoko la [[Botswana Democratic Party]].<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFSunday_Standard2012a|''Sunday Standard'' 2012a]].</ref> O ne a emela [[ditlhopho tsa setshaba tsa 2014]] tsa Kgaolo ya Mochudi Bophirima, mme a latlhegelwa ke go bata setilo mo Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBasimanebotlhe2014|Basimanebotlhe 2014]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane a le masome mabedi le boferabobedi ,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone, Dow o ne a tlhophiwa, mmogo le bontlhopheng ba bangwe ba le barataro, ke Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] wa Botswana jaaka leloko le le itlhophetsweng la palamente. Mmogo le [[Kenneth Matambo]], [[Kitso Mokaila]], le Eric Molale, o ne a fenya ditlhopho mme a tlhomiwa go nna Mothusa Tona wa Thuto mo Pusong eo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMotsamai2014|Motsamai 2014]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMosikare2014|Mosikare 2014]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Dikitso ke Khama, a tlhatlhama [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]], Mothusatautona wa Botswana yo wa nako eo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPiet2015|Piet 2015]].</ref> Ka nako ya fa a ne a le mo Lephateng, Dow o ne a tlhoma lenaneo la go katisa barutabana go tswa kwa Seychelles kwa Botswana le go romela barutabana ba Batswana kwa ntle go ya go thusa Seychelles ka tlhaelo ya barutabana.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPhiloBonnelame2015|Philo & Bonnelame 2015]].</ref> O ne a direla mo maemong ao go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borataro, fa mo kabakanngwa cabinet, a ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto ya Motheo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMmegi2016b|''Mmegi'' 2016b]].</ref> Morago ga gore Khama a tloge mo maemong a botautona ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi , Dow o ne a sutisiwa ke Tautona yo o tsenang Masisi go tswa mo Thutong go ya kwa maemong a Tona ya Mafaratlhatlha le Tlhabololo ya Matlo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMwakideu2018|Mwakideu 2018]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGabathuse2018|Gabathuse 2018]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi 2018, mo phetogong ya cabinet, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Merero ya Mafatshe a Sele, a ananya setilo sa gagwe mo Mafaratlhatlheng le Matlo le Vincent Tina Seretse, yo o neng a tshwere Merero ya Mafatshe a sele mo nakong e e fetileng.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMorupisi2018|Morupisi 2018]].</ref> Masisi o ne a fenya botautona mo [[ditlhophong tsa setshaba tsa 2019]] mme a tlhomamisa gape Dow jaaka Tona ya Merero ya Mafatshe a Sele ya palamente ya bo lesome le bobedi ya Botswana.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMmegi2019|''Mmegi'' 2019]].</ref> Dow mmogo le barwadie Cheshe le Natasha, o ne a bula Dow Academy kwa Mochudi, [[Kgaolo ya Kgatleng]] ka Firikgong 2020. Sekolo seno se se ikemetseng se ruta thuto e potlana le e kgolwane.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLuebering2020|Luebering 2020]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi , Dow o ne a tlogela bodiredi jwa gagwe mme a emisediwa ka Lemogang Kwape mo phetogong ya cabinet.<ref name=":14">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMotlhoka2020|Motlhoka 2020]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGabathuse2020|Gabathuse 2020]].</ref> Dow o buile ka kgato e, "Jaaka tona o bua thata ka portfolio ya gago. Mme [[banka e e kwa morago]] e go naya kgololesego ya go botsolotsa dikgang tse di farologaneng tse di amang bosetšhaba. Tekanyetso e le nosi ke boemo jwa lekoko la me mo kgannyeng e e rileng".<ref name=":14" /> == Go kwala == Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi , fa Dow a ne a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dinaane, ke bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba dirile dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela babadi kwa ntle ga Botswana. <ref name=":15" /> Lengwe la mabaka a seno e ne e le kganetso e e tiileng ya boeteledipele jwa Batswana gore MaBorithane ba kopanye kgaolo ya bona le ya Aforika Borwa, e e neng ya isa kwa go itshireletseng kgatlhanong le Pan-Africanism le go tlhoka dipeeletso mo mafaratlhatlheng a setšhaba le tlhabololo ya thuto. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;34, 36.</ref> Bobedi dibuka tsa gagwe tsa non-fiction le tsa fiction di kopanya dikgang tsa loago le tsa semolao le seabe sa tsona mo bong le mo kagong ya maatla. <ref name=":9" /> <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] p.&#x20;35.</ref>Mosebetsi o mong le o mong wa Dow o hlahloba ditlwaelo tsa setjhaba tse lebisang ho se leka-lekane ha dikamano tsa matla le ho susumetsa pefo kgahlanong le basadi, tlhekefetso ya thobalano ya bana, bothata ba AIDS, le ho se lekane ha bong. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFJenkins2012|Jenkins 2012,]] p.&#x20;151.</ref> Batho ba ba mo bukeng ya gagwe ba dirisa tlhaloganyo go ganana le ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa setso sa setso. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFJenkins2012|Jenkins 2012]], p.&#x20;153.</ref> Ka padi ya gagwe ya ntlha, Far and Beyon' (2000), Dow o ne a bua thata ka ga leroborobo la AIDS le ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka mo malapeng, segolo jang ka fa basadi ba ba tshelang mo setšhabeng sa borra-bana ba lebanang le malapa a a senang borre ka ntlha ya tshenyo e e tlisitseng kwa Botswana ya kwa magaeng. <ref name=":16" /><ref name=":17">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGagiano2004|Gagiano 2004,]] p.&#x20;40.</ref>E sekaseka dithibelo tsa ditlwaelo tsa setso, meetlo, le ditheo tse di beilweng mo basading le mo basading ka go dirisa dikago tse di ikaegileng ka banna.<ref name=":17" /> Mo kanegelong eno, Mara, mmè yo o sa itseng go bala le go kwala yo o nang le bokgoni jo bo lekanyeditsweng jwa go itlamela, o setse a na le monna a le mongwe le barwa ba le babedi ba ba bolawang ke AIDS, monna yo mongwe a mo latlha, mme molekane wa gagwe wa boraro o mo sotla.<ref name=":18">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004]], p.&#x20;38</ref> <ref name=":17" />Mara o bolela gore loso lwa barwa ba gagwe lo bakilwe ke mmaba yo o fitlhegileng mme o batla dikarabo mo go yo o bolelelang pele isagwe. Le fa morwadie, Mosadi (e e rayang mosadi), yo o itsegeng jaaka Mosa, le morwawe yo o setseng, Stan, ba sa dumele gore meetlo ya mmoki e tla tlhalosa gore ke ka ntlha yang fa bomorwarraabone ba sule, ba tsamaya mmogo le meletlo e e laetsweng. <ref name=":18" /> Fa Mosa a lemoga gore o imile mme o latlhetswe ke rraagwe ngwana, o swetsa go senya mpa ka sephiri, go na le go imetsa mmaagwe go feta.<ref name=":18" /> Mo maitekong a go fodisa lelapa la gagwe, Mosa o sekaseka ditlwaelo tsa loago tse di kgaoganyang banna le basadi le go godisa ditiro tsa banna, a ruta basadi go itlhokomolosa diphoso tsa bone. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGagiano2004|Gagiano 2004,]] p.&#x20;41.</ref>A nna a ikanyega mo lelapeng la gagwe le mo setsong sa gagwe, o ithuta go gana go amogela maitsholo a a sa siamang mo setšhabeng sa gaabo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGagiano2004|Gagiano 2004,]] p.&#x20;42.</ref>Ka tsela e, Dow o tlhatlhoba gore go ineela ga setšhaba le go didimala ka diphoso mo setšhabeng go isa jang kwa tlhakatlhakanong ya mogopolo le go dirisa ba ba senang maatla ka tsela e e sa siamang ke ba ba nang le maatla go feta. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;38–40.</ref> Dipolelo tse di tshwanang di ne tsa tsenngwa mo bukeng ya bobedi ya ga Dow, The Screaming of the Innocent (2001), e e sekasekang gape maatlafatso ya basadi mo nageng e e tletseng ka bonweenwee jwa sepodisi, polao ya ngwao, sephiri sa setheo, le tidimalo ya setšhaba. <ref name=":15" /> Go batlisisa tlwaelo ya setso ya dipheko, go bolaya mongwe go kotula dirwe tsa gagwe tsa mmele ka ntlha ya dinonofo tsa bone tsa boselamose tsa lesego le katlego, Dow o bontsha ka moo bahumi le ba ba maatla ba tsomang ka teng batho ba ba sa itseng go bala le go kwala ba kwa magaeng le go reka tidimalo ya babusi. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;40–41.</ref>Mo bukeng, mosetsanyana o bolailwe mo sekgweng gaufi le motse wa gaabo mme tshedimosetso ka ga kgetsi e ne ya thibelwa ke sepodisi le banna ba ba maatla ba lefelo la gaabo. Go kgaolwa ga mmele wa gagwe go fitlhilwe mo bukeng e le letshwao le le supang gore batho ga ba amogele mekgwa e e ntseng jalo mo setšhabeng ka kakaretso. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] p.&#x20;42.</ref>Protagonist, Amantle Bokaa, yo o fetsang tirelo ya gagwe ya bosetšhaba (e e itsegeng kwa Botswana jaaka Tirelo Sechaba), o fitlhela diaparo tse di nang le madi mo kamoreng ya tleliniki e a e abetsweng.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;42–43.</ref> Diaparo tseno ke tsa motho mongwe yo o neng a bolailwe pele ga moo, mme fa di neelwa baagi ba motse ba lemoga gore ba ne ba sa di itse. Bokaa, ka gore baagi ba motse ba dumela gore ga a kitla a bonwa ka tsela e e sa siamang ke balaodi, o tlhophiwa go bua le mapodisi mo boemong jwa baagi ba motse.[ 78] Ka gore ke mosadi le ngwana, o lebega a sena maatla, mme thuto ya gagwe, e e mo rutileng bokgoni jwa go dirisana le kganetso le go belaela ditumelo, e mo naya maatla le boitshepo go gwetlha molao wa tidimalo le dikgoreletsi tsa loago mo tseleng ya gagwe. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] p.&#x20;43.</ref> <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNgom2018|Ngom 2018,]] p.&#x20;23.</ref>Tiro ya ga Dow ga e bue fela ka dikamano tsa maatla, mme gape e bua ka dilo tse di tshosang tsa polao ya ngwao le polao ya basadi.[ 80] O tlhalosa ka tlhamalalo tumelo ya gagwe ya gore basadi e tla nna bone ba ba tla fetolang dipholisi go fedisa mekgwa e e ntseng jalo.[ 81] Far and Beyon′ e ne ya gololwa la ntlha kwa Botswana mme morago ya gatisiwa kwa Australia. The Screaming of the Innocent e ne ya gatisiwa la ntlha kwa Australia mme ya gatisiwa gape kwa Afrika Borwa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le boraro. Buka ya gagwe ya boraro, Juggling Truths, e ne ya phasaladiwa ngwaga oo kwa Australia mme ya gololwa ngwaga o o latelang kwa Afrika Borwa. 82] Dow gape o ne a tlhatlhoba ditlwaelo tsa setso tse di sa siamang le ditlwaelo tsa loago ka maano a go di lwantsha.[ 83] Le fa a ne a kile a batlisisa ka ga setšhaba sa Aforika le mathata a a bakilweng ke go ganana le segompieno sa Bophirima le setso sa selegae, tiro e e tsepamisitse maikutlo mo tiragalong ya go lekalekanya go dumalana le ditlwaelo tse di siameng le tse di sa siamang mo setsong sa selegae. [ Ka go dirisa setshwano sa Monei, mosetsana yo monnye yo o nnang mo motseng wa magae, Dow o tlhatlhoba dingwao tsa molomo le tiriso ya ditlhamane le ditlhamane jaaka tsela ya go tsenya dikaelo tsa maitsholo le jaaka taolo ya loago mo baneng. 85] Buka eno e gwetlha dilo tse di jaaka tumelo ya gore go bolaya segwagwa se se nnang se lebile go ka baka matsubutsubu a magolo, gore go tsalana le motho yo o nang le boswafi go ka tlisa bomadimabe, kana gore go nwa motlhapo wa poo go ka thusa motho go ithuta go letsa molodi. Gape e na le dipolelo tse di buang ka selalome sa monna se se medisang bana le moruti yo o sotlang basetsana ka tlhakanelodikobo. Ditema tse di mo kanegelong di golaganya Juggling Truths le dibuka tsa ntlha tse pedi tsa ga Dow mme di kaya gore basetsana le basadi ba kgona go tlhabolola nonofo ya bone ka thuto le go akanya ka go ikemela. 85][86] Dow o atamela tshekatsheko ya gagwe ya go raraana ga loago a dirisa mefuta e e farologaneng ya ditsereganyo, a lemoga gore ga go na ditharabololo tse di bonolo.[ 87] Juggling Truths e ne e le moanelwa wa Percy FitzPatrick Prize mo setlhopheng sa basha ba ba godileng ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro.[ 88] Buka ya Dow ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bosupa ya The Heavens May Fall e bua ka boitshupo jo bo fetogang go tswa mo setšhabeng sa setso go ya mo lefatsheng la segompieno la lefatshe lotlhe. Mo matlhong a ga Dow, setšhaba se fetoga ka metlha; ka ntlha ya seo, ngwao, bong, boitshupo, puo, kago ya loago le ditheo di a fetoga. 89] Kgang e e buang ka botshelo jwa ga Dow, e bua ka phetogo go tswa mo ditseleng tse di se nang ditshipi go ya go diphaepe tsa metsi tsa mo teng ga ntlo le ka moo khumo ya teemane e neng ya dira gore go nne le thuto, tlhokomelo ya boitekanelo le ditirelo.[ Buka e e neetswe bana ba gagwe ba bararo, e boeletsa ka moo dikakanyo ka ga bone di fetogileng ka teng, jaaka e le Maaforika, mme gape ba abelana ka boitshupo jo bo raraaneng ka gonne rraabone e ne e le moagi wa US. Mo nakong e kgang e diragalang ka yone, ba ne ba tla tsewa e le batswakwa. 91] Kgang e e bua ka Naledi, yo o belegweng pele ga go dirwa ga Botswana sešwa mme e diragala ka nako ya fa Dow a ne a gwetlha molao wa bosetšhaba.[ 92] Jaaka mmueledi, Naledi o emela basadi ba ba bokoa le bana ba ba tlhokang katlholo kgotsa thuso ya semolao. O tsaya kgetsi ya lekgarebe lengwe le le neng la betelelwa mme o senola gore tsamaiso ya semolao e e laolwang ke banna e ne e na le seabe, e leng se se dirileng gore kgetsi eno e se ka ya sekwa ka nako ya tsheko. Le fa kgetse e sa rarabololwa, molatofadiwa o ne a laelwa go dira teko ya HIV, ka ntlha ya gore motlhaselwa wa gagwe o ne a kile a tlhakanela dikobo a sa itshireletsa,[93] se se gatelelang diphetogo tsa loago le go fetofetoga ga maemo. Go nna monna ga go ne go naya molatofadiwa tshiamelo kgotsa maatla a go tila teko mo nageng e mo go yona tsamaiso ya molao e nang le tshireletso go akaretsa tshireletso ya basadi,[94] go sa kgathalesege gore tsamaiso ya molao e ne ya palelwa kwa bofelong Naledi.[ 68] == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} [[Karolo:Ditsalo tsa 1959]] [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] [[Karolo:Baatlhodi ba Botswana]] [[Karolo:Molwela-ditshwanelo tsa bomme wa Botswana]] == Botshelo jwa pele le thuto == Mme Unity Diswai o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa 1959, kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boraro, kwa [[Mochudi]] mo [[Kgaolo ya Kgatleng|Kgaolong ya Kgatleng]] mo [[Botswana]] (yo ka nako e o a neng a bidiwa [[Bechuanaland]] ), <ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref> ke ngwana wa batsadi ba gagwe e bong rre Phiri le mme Maefshane Diswai (ba gape ba itsegeng ka maina a Moses le Ellen Diswai), bobedi jo bo tsalatswe mo morafeng wa [[Basarwa]] fa godimo ga moo ke maloko a morafe wa BaKgatla.<ref name=":0" /> <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref> Motse wa selegae o a goletseng mo go one o ne o sena ditsela tsa sekonotiri, motlakase le fa e le metsi a a elelang. Go ne go sena megala ya letheka mme o ne a ise a bone setsidifatsi ka matlho go fitlha a nna mo dingwageng tsa bolesome, le fa e le setshwantsho sa motshikhinyego go fitlha a nna dingwaga di le masome a mabedi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=48}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ellis|2012}}</ref></ref> . Mmaagwe e ne e le moroki, yo o neng a kgona go bala le go kwala ka [[Setswana]], mme a sa kgone go bala le go kwala ka Sekgoa.<ref><ref name=":1" /></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=49}}</ref></ref>. Rraagwe yo o neng a berekela mo polasing e nnye, o ne a bua ebile a kgona go bala Sekgoa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=49}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=49}}</ref></ref>E ne ya re fa rraagwe a tsena sekolo, o ne a ikgapela thuso ya madi a go tsena kwa [[:en:University_of_Fort_Hare|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Fort Hare]], mme thuso e o e ne ya fiwa morwa wa kgosi boemong jwa gagwe. Batsadi ba gagwe ka bobedi jwa bone ba ne ba dumela gore thuto ke selo sa botlhokwa mme bana ba bone ba le barataro mo go ba le supa ba ne ba wetsa dithuto tsa bone tsa ithutelo tiro.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=49}}</ref></ref> Dithuto tsa bone [[:en:Western_culture|tsa kwa Bophirima]] di ne di sa tlwaelesega mo magaeng a Botswana ka nako eo.<ref name=":1">{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref> Mme Diswai o weditse dithuto tsa gagwe tse dipotlana le tse dikgolwane kwa Mochudi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Morago ga sekolo se segolwane, o ne a ithutela molao kwa [[:en:University_of_Botswana_and_Swaziland|sekolong se segolwane sa ithutelo tiro sa Botswana le Swaziland]] . <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ellis|2012}}</ref></ref>. Ka go ne go sena sekolo sa molao mo Botswana ka nako eo, o ne a tsena yunibesithi kwa [[Eswatini|Swaziland]] ka fa tlase ga thulaganyo ya thuso ya Boritheini mme a wetsa dingwaga di le pedi tsa dithuto kwa Scotland, kwa [[:en:University_of_Edinburgh|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Edinburgh]], pele ga a bona setlankana sa gagwe [[:en:Bachelor_of_Laws|sa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao]] ka ngwaga wa 1983 kwa sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Botswana le Swaziland.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2012 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref> <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=49–50}}</ref></ref>. == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> Go fitlhelela seo, mme Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho [[LEGABIBO|wa LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo tshekong ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya setshaba. Mokgatlho o ne o gannwe go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le ga mmogo le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Merero ya Badiri le tsa Selegae, ka mabaka a gore go ratana ga bong go ne go se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho yo go ne go le kgatlhanong le tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore tsheko e, e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa tlhakanelodikobo, mme e ne e le ka ga gore a maloko a ka kgona go kokoanya le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014a}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotlatshekelokgolo o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha seo le go se letla go kopana go ne go gataka Molaomotheo, karolo ya boraro, ya lesome le bobedi, le ya lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, go kopana le go kopana ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014b}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> Go fitlhelela seo, mme Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho [[LEGABIBO|wa LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo tshekong ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya setshaba. Mokgatlho o ne o gannwe go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le ga mmogo le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Merero ya Badiri le tsa Selegae, ka mabaka a gore go ratana ga bong go ne go se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho yo go ne go le kgatlhanong le tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore tsheko e, e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa tlhakanelodikobo, mme e ne e le ka ga gore a maloko a ka kgona go kokoanya le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014a}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotlatshekelokgolo o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha seo le go se letla go kopana go ne go gataka Molaomotheo, karolo ya boraro, ya lesome le bobedi, le ya lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, go kopana le go kopana ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014b}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_and_Macsuzy_Mondon,_September_2015.jpg|alt=Photograph of two seated women, attended by two witnesses standing beside them, signing documents on a table.|thumb| Ditona mme Dow le mme Macsuzy Mondon (Seychelles) ba baya monwana mo mokwalong wa Kutlwano wa lenaneo la kananyo ya barutabana, 2015]] == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> Go fitlhelela seo, mme Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho [[LEGABIBO|wa LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo tshekong ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya setshaba. Mokgatlho o ne o gannwe go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le ga mmogo le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Merero ya Badiri le tsa Selegae, ka mabaka a gore go ratana ga bong go ne go se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho yo go ne go le kgatlhanong le tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore tsheko e, e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa tlhakanelodikobo, mme e ne e le ka ga gore a maloko a ka kgona go kokoanya le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014a}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotlatshekelokgolo o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha seo le go se letla go kopana go ne go gataka Molaomotheo, karolo ya boraro, ya lesome le bobedi, le ya lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, go kopana le go kopana ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014b}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_and_Macsuzy_Mondon,_September_2015.jpg|alt=Photograph of two seated women, attended by two witnesses standing beside them, signing documents on a table.|thumb| Ditona mme Dow le mme Macsuzy Mondon (Seychelles) ba baya monwana mo mokwalong wa Kutlwano wa lenaneo la kananyo ya barutabana, 2015]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 2012, Dow o ne a tlhomiwa ke [[:en:United_Nations_Human_Rights_Council|Lekgotla la Ditshwanelo tsa Batho la Ditšhabakopano]] jaaka mongwe wa baitseanape ba le bararo ba ba ikemetseng go dira thomo ya go batlisisa dintlha ka ga ka moo mafelo a bodulo a Iseraele a West Bank a amang Bapalesetina ka teng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a tsena mo dipolotiking mme a tsenela lekoko la [[Phathi ya Tomokoraga|Botswana Democratic Party]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Sunday Standard|2012a}}</ref></ref> O ne a tsenela [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2014 (Botswana)|ditlhophokakaretso tsa 2014]] tsa Kgaolo ya Mochudi Bophirima, mme a seke a kgone go fenya setilo mo lekgotleng la [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Kokoano ya matona a puso]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Basimanebotlhe|2014}}</ref></ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2014, Dow o ne a tlhophiwa, mmogo le bontlhopheng ba bangwe ba le barataro, ke Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] wa Botswana jaaka leloko le le tlhophilweng ka tsela e e kgethegileng la palamente. Mmogo le [[Kenneth Matambo]], [[Kitso Mokaila]], le Eric Molale, o ne a fenya ditlhopho mme a tlhomiwa go nna Mothusa Tona wa Thuto mo pusong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Motsamai|2014}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mosikare|2014}}</ref></ref>. Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2015, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Bokgoni ke rre Khama, a tlhatlhama rre [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]], yo e neng e le mothusa-tautona wa lefatshe la Botswana ka nako e o.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Piet|2015}}</ref></ref> Ka nako ya fa a le mo Lephateng, Dow o ne a tlhoma lenaneo la go katisa barutabana go tswa kwa [[:en:Seychelles|Seychelles]] mo Botswana le go romela barutabana ba Batswana go ya go thusa Seychelles ka tlhaelo ya barutabana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bonnelame|2015}}</ref></ref> O ne a direla mo maemong a go fitlhelela ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ngwaga wa 2016, mo tlhakatlhakanong ya kabinete, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mmegi|2016b}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> Go fitlhelela seo, mme Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho [[LEGABIBO|wa LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo tshekong ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya setshaba. Mokgatlho o ne o gannwe go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le ga mmogo le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Merero ya Badiri le tsa Selegae, ka mabaka a gore go ratana ga bong go ne go se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho yo go ne go le kgatlhanong le tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore tsheko e, e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa tlhakanelodikobo, mme e ne e le ka ga gore a maloko a ka kgona go kokoanya le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014a}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotlatshekelokgolo o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha seo le go se letla go kopana go ne go gataka Molaomotheo, karolo ya boraro, ya lesome le bobedi, le ya lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, go kopana le go kopana ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014b}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_and_Macsuzy_Mondon,_September_2015.jpg|alt=Photograph of two seated women, attended by two witnesses standing beside them, signing documents on a table.|thumb| Ditona mme Dow le mme Macsuzy Mondon (Seychelles) ba baya monwana mo mokwalong wa Kutlwano wa lenaneo la kananyo ya barutabana, 2015]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 2012, Dow o ne a tlhomiwa ke [[:en:United_Nations_Human_Rights_Council|Lekgotla la Ditshwanelo tsa Batho la Ditšhabakopano]] jaaka mongwe wa baitseanape ba le bararo ba ba ikemetseng go dira thomo ya go batlisisa dintlha ka ga ka moo mafelo a bodulo a Iseraele a West Bank a amang Bapalesetina ka teng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a tsena mo dipolotiking mme a tsenela lekoko la [[Phathi ya Tomokoraga|Botswana Democratic Party]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Sunday Standard|2012a}}</ref></ref> O ne a tsenela [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2014 (Botswana)|ditlhophokakaretso tsa 2014]] tsa Kgaolo ya Mochudi Bophirima, mme a seke a kgone go fenya setilo mo lekgotleng la [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Kokoano ya matona a puso]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Basimanebotlhe|2014}}</ref></ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2014, Dow o ne a tlhophiwa, mmogo le bontlhopheng ba bangwe ba le barataro, ke Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] wa Botswana jaaka leloko le le tlhophilweng ka tsela e e kgethegileng la palamente. Mmogo le [[Kenneth Matambo]], [[Kitso Mokaila]], le Eric Molale, o ne a fenya ditlhopho mme a tlhomiwa go nna Mothusa Tona wa Thuto mo pusong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Motsamai|2014}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mosikare|2014}}</ref></ref>. Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2015, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Bokgoni ke rre Khama, a tlhatlhama rre [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]], yo e neng e le mothusa-tautona wa lefatshe la Botswana ka nako e o.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Piet|2015}}</ref></ref> Ka nako ya fa a le mo Lephateng, Dow o ne a tlhoma lenaneo la go katisa barutabana go tswa kwa [[:en:Seychelles|Seychelles]] mo Botswana le go romela barutabana ba Batswana go ya go thusa Seychelles ka tlhaelo ya barutabana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bonnelame|2015}}</ref></ref> O ne a direla mo maemong a go fitlhelela ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ngwaga wa 2016, mo tlhakatlhakanong ya kabinete, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mmegi|2016b}}</ref></ref> Morago ga gore rre Khama a tlogele maemo a botautona ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2018, Dow o ne a tlhatlosiwa ke tautona rre Masisi yo o neng a sa tswa go nna tautona go tswa kwa maemong a go nna tona ya Thuto go ya kwa maemong a go nna Tona ya lephata la dikago le tlhabololo ya matlo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mwakideu|2018}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gabathuse|2018}}</ref></ref>Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2018, mo go fetolweng ga Kabinete, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna [[:en:Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_International_Cooperation_(Botswana)|Tona ya Merero ya Boditšhabatšhaba le Tirisanommogo]], a fetola setilo sa gagwe sa dikago le tlhabololo ya matlo le rre Vincent Tina Seretse, yo o neng a tshwere Merero ya boditšhabatšhara pele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Morupisi|2018}}</ref></ref>Rre Masisi o ne a fenya maemo a botautona mo [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2019 (Botswana)|Ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa 2019]] mme a tlhomamisa mme Dow gape jaaka Tona ya Merero ya Boditšhabatšhaba le Tirisanommogo ya palamente ya lesome le bobedi ya lefatshe la Botswana..<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mmegi|2019}}</ref></ref>Mme Dow le bomorwadie Cheshe le Natasha, ba ne ba bula Dow Academy kwa Mochudi, mo kgaolong ya Kgatleng ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 2020. Sekolo se sa kgwebo se na le dithuto tse dipotlana le tse dikgolwane.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Luebering|2020}}</ref></ref>Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2020, Dow o ne a tlogela bodiredi jwa gagwe mme a tseelwa sebaka ke Lemogang Kwape mo pusong e ntšha.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Motlhoka|2020}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gabathuse|2020}}</ref></ref>Dow o ne a bua jaana ka go tsaya kgato e, "Jaaka tona o bua thata ka bodiredi jwa gago. Mme setilo se se kwa morago se go naya kgololesego ya go botsolotsa dikgang tse di farologaneng tse di amang setšhaba. Thibelo e le nngwe fela ke boemo jwa me jwa lekoko mo kgannyeng e e rileng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Motlhoka|2020}}</ref></ref> == Dikwalo == Ka ngwaga wa 2000, fa Dow a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dipolelo, go ne go na le bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba tlhagisitse dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela mafatshe a a kwa ntle ga Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref>Lengwe la mabaka a seo e ne e le kganetso e e feteletseng ya boeteledipele jwa lefatshe la Botswana gore batho-basweu ba kwa ga Mmamosadinyana ba kopanye lefatshe la bone le [[Aforika Borwa|Aferikaborwa]], se se neng sa dira gore go nne le kganetso ya go itshireletsa kgatlhanong le tumelo ya [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|kopano ya mafatshe a Aferika]] go ne ga boa gape ga nna le go tlhoka peeletso mo dikgwebong tsa koketso-madi a setšhaba le mo tlhabololong ya thuto. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=34, 36}}</ref></ref> Mefuta ya dibuka tsa gagwe ka bobedi ba tsone go akaretsa tse e seng tsa dipolelo le tsa dipolelo di kopanya dintlhana tsa dikgang tse di amanang le setšhaba ga mmogo le tsa semolao e bile di supa ditlamorago tsa tsone mo go tsa bong le tsa ga mmogo le kabisano ya dithata.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=35}}</ref></ref> . Dibuka dingwe le dingwe tsa ga Dow di sekaseka mekgwa ya setšhaba e e bakang go sa lekalekane ga dikamano tsa dithata le go tlhotlheletsa [[:en:Domestic_violence|tiriso-dikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi]], [[:en:Child_sexual_abuse|tirisobotlhaswa ya bana,]] [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Africa#Southern_Africa|mathata a segajaja sa AIDS]], le [[:en:Gender_inequality|go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> Baanelwa mo dipolelong tsa gagwe ba dirisa mokgwa wa go akanya yo o tlwaelesegileng go ganetsa mekgwa ya ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ka fa ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa ngwao.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=153}}</ref></ref> == Dikwalo == Ka ngwaga wa 2000, fa Dow a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dipolelo, go ne go na le bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba tlhagisitse dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela mafatshe a a kwa ntle ga Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref>Lengwe la mabaka a seo e ne e le kganetso e e feteletseng ya boeteledipele jwa lefatshe la Botswana gore batho-basweu ba kwa ga Mmamosadinyana ba kopanye lefatshe la bone le [[Aforika Borwa|Aferikaborwa]], se se neng sa dira gore go nne le kganetso ya go itshireletsa kgatlhanong le tumelo ya [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|kopano ya mafatshe a Aferika]] go ne ga boa gape ga nna le go tlhoka peeletso mo dikgwebong tsa koketso-madi a setšhaba le mo tlhabololong ya thuto. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=34, 36}}</ref></ref> Mefuta ya dibuka tsa gagwe ka bobedi ba tsone go akaretsa tse e seng tsa dipolelo le tsa dipolelo di kopanya dintlhana tsa dikgang tse di amanang le setšhaba ga mmogo le tsa semolao e bile di supa ditlamorago tsa tsone mo go tsa bong le tsa ga mmogo le kabisano ya dithata.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=35}}</ref></ref> . Dibuka dingwe le dingwe tsa ga Dow di sekaseka mekgwa ya setšhaba e e bakang go sa lekalekane ga dikamano tsa dithata le go tlhotlheletsa [[:en:Domestic_violence|tiriso-dikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi]], [[:en:Child_sexual_abuse|tirisobotlhaswa ya bana,]] [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Africa#Southern_Africa|mathata a segajaja sa AIDS]], le [[:en:Gender_inequality|go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> Baanelwa mo dipolelong tsa gagwe ba dirisa mokgwa wa go akanya yo o tlwaelesegileng go ganetsa mekgwa ya ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ka fa ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa ngwao.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=153}}</ref></ref> Mo pading ya gagwe ya ntlha ya leina la '<nowiki/>''Far and Beyon′'' ya ngwaga wa 2000, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma mogopolo mo setlhogong se se botlhokwa sa leroborobo la bolwetsi jwa AIDS le ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka mo malwapeng, bogolo jang ka fa basadi ba ba tshelang mo setšhabeng se se dumelang mo ketelelongpele ke batho ba borre ba tshelang ka teng mo malwapeng a a se nang borre ka ntlha ya tshenyo e e bakileng mo magaeng a lefatshe la Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Leder Macharia|2012|p=249}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=40}}</ref></ref> E sekaseka melelwane e mekgwa ya setso, dingwao le metheo e e bayang mo basetsaneng ga mmogo le mo basading ka go dirisa dipopego tse di ikaegileng ka ketelelo pele ya banna.<ref name=":0" />Mo polelong e o, Mara, e bong mmè yo o sa itseng go bala le go kwala e bile a sa kgone go itshedisa, o setse a tsile a nyalwa ke monna a le mongwe a bo a tlhokafalelwa ke bana ba gagwe ba le babedi ka ntlha ya bolwetsi jwa AIDS, monna yo mongwe o ne a mo tlogela, mme monna wa gagwe wa boraro o ne a mo sotlaka.<ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0" />Mara o ne a amanya go swa ga bana ba gagwe le mmaba mongwe yo o fitlhegileng mme a batla dikarabo mo go bo [[:en:Divination|nkadilatlha]]. Le fa morwadie, wa leina la Mosadi, yo ka tlwaelo a itsegeng e le Mosa, le ngwana wa gagwe wa mosimane yo o setseng, e bong Stan, ba sa dumele gore a nkadilatlha o ka tlhalosa gore ke eng fa bokgaitsadie ba tlhokafetse, ba diragatsa fela dithomo tse ba di laetsweng. <ref name=":1" /> Fa Mosa a lemoga gore o mo mmeleng ebile o latlhilwe ke rraagwe ngwana, o tsaya tshwetso ya gore a senye mpa mo sephiring, go na le go imetsa mmaagwe yo o setseng a lebaganwe ke mathata.<ref name=":0" /> Mo maitekong a go fodisa lelwapa la gagwe, Mosa o sekaseka mekgwa ya tlwaelo e e kgaoganyang banna le basadi e bo e tsholeletsa megopolo ya borre kwa godimo, e ruta basadi go itlhokomolosa ditselana tse ba kgopisiwang ka tsone e bile ba sa tsewe sentle.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=41}}</ref></ref> Se e le tsela ya go fetlha boikanyo mo lelwapeng la gabone le mo setsong sa lefatshe la gabone, Mosa o ithuta go gana go amogela maitsholo a a sa lolamang mo tikologong ya gabone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref>Ka tsela e, mme Dow o ne a sekaseka ka moo go ineela ga setšhaba le go didimala ka diphoso mo setšhabeng go bakang tlhakatlhakano ya megopolo le go tiriso-botlhaswa ya batho ba ba se nang dithata ke ba ba nang le dithata go ba feta.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=38–40}}</ref></ref> == Dikwalo == Ka ngwaga wa 2000, fa Dow a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dipolelo, go ne go na le bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba tlhagisitse dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela mafatshe a a kwa ntle ga Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref>Lengwe la mabaka a seo e ne e le kganetso e e feteletseng ya boeteledipele jwa lefatshe la Botswana gore batho-basweu ba kwa ga Mmamosadinyana ba kopanye lefatshe la bone le [[Aforika Borwa|Aferikaborwa]], se se neng sa dira gore go nne le kganetso ya go itshireletsa kgatlhanong le tumelo ya [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|kopano ya mafatshe a Aferika]] go ne ga boa gape ga nna le go tlhoka peeletso mo dikgwebong tsa koketso-madi a setšhaba le mo tlhabololong ya thuto. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=34, 36}}</ref></ref> Mefuta ya dibuka tsa gagwe ka bobedi ba tsone go akaretsa tse e seng tsa dipolelo le tsa dipolelo di kopanya dintlhana tsa dikgang tse di amanang le setšhaba ga mmogo le tsa semolao e bile di supa ditlamorago tsa tsone mo go tsa bong le tsa ga mmogo le kabisano ya dithata.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref><ref name=":2"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=35}}</ref></ref> . Dibuka dingwe le dingwe tsa ga Dow di sekaseka mekgwa ya setšhaba e e bakang go sa lekalekane ga dikamano tsa dithata le go tlhotlheletsa [[:en:Domestic_violence|tiriso-dikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi]], [[:en:Child_sexual_abuse|tirisobotlhaswa ya bana,]] [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Africa#Southern_Africa|mathata a segajaja sa AIDS]], le [[:en:Gender_inequality|go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> Baanelwa mo dipolelong tsa gagwe ba dirisa mokgwa wa go akanya yo o tlwaelesegileng go ganetsa mekgwa ya ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ka fa ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa ngwao.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=153}}</ref></ref> Mo pading ya gagwe ya ntlha ya leina la '<nowiki/>''Far and Beyon′'' ya ngwaga wa 2000, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma mogopolo mo setlhogong se se botlhokwa sa leroborobo la bolwetsi jwa AIDS le ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka mo malwapeng, bogolo jang ka fa basadi ba ba tshelang mo setšhabeng se se dumelang mo ketelelongpele ke batho ba borre ba tshelang ka teng mo malwapeng a a se nang borre ka ntlha ya tshenyo e e bakileng mo magaeng a lefatshe la Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Leder Macharia|2012|p=249}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=40}}</ref></ref> E sekaseka melelwane e mekgwa ya setso, dingwao le metheo e e bayang mo basetsaneng ga mmogo le mo basading ka go dirisa dipopego tse di ikaegileng ka ketelelo pele ya banna.<ref name=":0" />Mo polelong e o, Mara, e bong mmè yo o sa itseng go bala le go kwala e bile a sa kgone go itshedisa, o setse a tsile a nyalwa ke monna a le mongwe a bo a tlhokafalelwa ke bana ba gagwe ba le babedi ka ntlha ya bolwetsi jwa AIDS, monna yo mongwe o ne a mo tlogela, mme monna wa gagwe wa boraro o ne a mo sotlaka.<ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0" />Mara o ne a amanya go swa ga bana ba gagwe le mmaba mongwe yo o fitlhegileng mme a batla dikarabo mo go bo [[:en:Divination|nkadilatlha]]. Le fa morwadie, wa leina la Mosadi, yo ka tlwaelo a itsegeng e le Mosa, le ngwana wa gagwe wa mosimane yo o setseng, e bong Stan, ba sa dumele gore a nkadilatlha o ka tlhalosa gore ke eng fa bokgaitsadie ba tlhokafetse, ba diragatsa fela dithomo tse ba di laetsweng. <ref name=":1" /> Fa Mosa a lemoga gore o mo mmeleng ebile o latlhilwe ke rraagwe ngwana, o tsaya tshwetso ya gore a senye mpa mo sephiring, go na le go imetsa mmaagwe yo o setseng a lebaganwe ke mathata.<ref name=":0" /> Mo maitekong a go fodisa lelwapa la gagwe, Mosa o sekaseka mekgwa ya tlwaelo e e kgaoganyang banna le basadi e bo e tsholeletsa megopolo ya borre kwa godimo, e ruta basadi go itlhokomolosa ditselana tse ba kgopisiwang ka tsone e bile ba sa tsewe sentle.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=41}}</ref></ref> Se e le tsela ya go fetlha boikanyo mo lelwapeng la gabone le mo setsong sa lefatshe la gabone, Mosa o ithuta go gana go amogela maitsholo a a sa lolamang mo tikologong ya gabone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref>Ka tsela e, mme Dow o ne a sekaseka ka moo go ineela ga setšhaba le go didimala ka diphoso mo setšhabeng go bakang tlhakatlhakano ya megopolo le go tiriso-botlhaswa ya batho ba ba se nang dithata ke ba ba nang le dithata go ba feta.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=38–40}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|alt=Photograph of asmiling African woman wearing a grey tweed jacket over a white v-necked blouse with a purple scarf and beaded necklace around her neck.|thumb| Mme Dow ka ngwaga wa 2011]] Melaetsa e e tshwanang e tsentswe mo pading ya bobedi ya ga Dow ya setlhogo sa '<nowiki/>''The Screaming of the Innocent'' ' ya ngwaga wa 2001, e le yone e sekasekang thatafatso ya basadi mo lefatsheng le le tletseng bonweenwee jwa mapodisi, dipolao tsa ditlhabelo tsa bongaka ba setso, diphiri mo metheong ya lefatshe ga mmogo le tidimalo ya setšhaba mo dikgannyeng tse.<ref name=":2" /> Fa a sekaseka mokgwa wa setso wa ''dipheko'', wa go bolaya motho go gopela dirwe tsa gagwe ka ntlha ya lesego le katlego e a nang le yone go ya ka tumelo ya maselamotse , Dow o supa ka fa bahumi le batho ba ba nang le dithata ba tshwarang baagedi ba metseselegae ba ba sa rutegang ka teng le ka fa ba rekang tidimalo ya ba ba mo maemong a molao ka teng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=40–41}}</ref></ref> Mo bukeng e, mosetsana mongwe o mmotlana o bolawa mo [[The bush|sekgweng]] gaufi le motse wa gaabo mme tshedimosetso ka ga tsheko e o e gateletswe ke mapodisi le banna ba ba nang le dithata tse di rileng ba lefelo la gabone. Go kgaoganngwa ga gagwe go fitlhegile mo pading jaaka sesupo sa go tlhoka go lemogiwa ga ditiro tse di ntseng jalo mo setšhabeng ka kakaretso.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref> Moanelwamogolo, e bong Amantle Bokaa, yo o wetsang [[:en:National_service|tirelo ya gagwe ya setshaba]], o ribolola diaparo tse di tletseng madi mo lebokosong la kokelwana e a abetsweng go berekela kwa go yone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=42–43}}</ref></ref>Diaparo tseo ke tsa motho yo o kileng a tlhaselwa pelenyana, mme fa di tlhagisiwa mo bathong ba motse di tsosa maitemogelo a gore ntlha e o ba ne ba e fitlhetswe. Ka go nne batho ba motse ba ne ba dumela gore Bokaa o ka seke a lebiwe ka tsela e e sa siamang e ba ba mo maemong a a rileng ba ba tshwarang ka yone, o tlhophiwa go bua le mapodisi mo boemong jwa batho ba motse.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=43}}</ref></ref>Ka lebaka la gore ke mosadi e bile ke ngwana, o ne a tlaa lebega a se na maatla, mme dithutego tsa gagwe, tse di neng tsa mo ruta bokgoni jwa go lebagana le baganetsi le go botsolosa ditumelo, di mo fa maatla le go itshepa go ka gwetlha molao wa tidimalo ga mmogo le dikgoreletsi tsa setshaba tse di emeng kgatlhanong le ene.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=43}}</ref></ref> <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=23}}</ref></ref>Tiro ya ga Dow ga e tlhome mogopolo fela mo dikamanong tsa dithata, mme e tlhoma mogopolo mo go tshoseng ga dipolao tsa dipheko le [[Femicide|dipolao tsa basadi]]. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=27}}</ref></ref>O tlhalosa sentle tumelo ya gagwe ya gore bomme e tlaa nna bone ba ba okameng diphetogo mo melaong ya go fedisa ditiro tse di ntseng jalo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=32}}</ref></ref> == Dikwalo == Ka ngwaga wa 2000, fa Dow a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dipolelo, go ne go na le bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba tlhagisitse dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela mafatshe a a kwa ntle ga Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref>Lengwe la mabaka a seo e ne e le kganetso e e feteletseng ya boeteledipele jwa lefatshe la Botswana gore batho-basweu ba kwa ga Mmamosadinyana ba kopanye lefatshe la bone le [[Aforika Borwa|Aferikaborwa]], se se neng sa dira gore go nne le kganetso ya go itshireletsa kgatlhanong le tumelo ya [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|kopano ya mafatshe a Aferika]] go ne ga boa gape ga nna le go tlhoka peeletso mo dikgwebong tsa koketso-madi a setšhaba le mo tlhabololong ya thuto. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=34, 36}}</ref></ref> Mefuta ya dibuka tsa gagwe ka bobedi ba tsone go akaretsa tse e seng tsa dipolelo le tsa dipolelo di kopanya dintlhana tsa dikgang tse di amanang le setšhaba ga mmogo le tsa semolao e bile di supa ditlamorago tsa tsone mo go tsa bong le tsa ga mmogo le kabisano ya dithata.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref><ref name=":2"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=35}}</ref></ref> . Dibuka dingwe le dingwe tsa ga Dow di sekaseka mekgwa ya setšhaba e e bakang go sa lekalekane ga dikamano tsa dithata le go tlhotlheletsa [[:en:Domestic_violence|tiriso-dikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi]], [[:en:Child_sexual_abuse|tirisobotlhaswa ya bana,]] [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Africa#Southern_Africa|mathata a segajaja sa AIDS]], le [[:en:Gender_inequality|go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> Baanelwa mo dipolelong tsa gagwe ba dirisa mokgwa wa go akanya yo o tlwaelesegileng go ganetsa mekgwa ya ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ka fa ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa ngwao.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=153}}</ref></ref> Mo pading ya gagwe ya ntlha ya leina la '<nowiki/>''Far and Beyon′'' ya ngwaga wa 2000, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma mogopolo mo setlhogong se se botlhokwa sa leroborobo la bolwetsi jwa AIDS le ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka mo malwapeng, bogolo jang ka fa basadi ba ba tshelang mo setšhabeng se se dumelang mo ketelelongpele ke batho ba borre ba tshelang ka teng mo malwapeng a a se nang borre ka ntlha ya tshenyo e e bakileng mo magaeng a lefatshe la Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Leder Macharia|2012|p=249}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=40}}</ref></ref> E sekaseka melelwane e mekgwa ya setso, dingwao le metheo e e bayang mo basetsaneng ga mmogo le mo basading ka go dirisa dipopego tse di ikaegileng ka ketelelo pele ya banna.<ref name=":0" />Mo polelong e o, Mara, e bong mmè yo o sa itseng go bala le go kwala e bile a sa kgone go itshedisa, o setse a tsile a nyalwa ke monna a le mongwe a bo a tlhokafalelwa ke bana ba gagwe ba le babedi ka ntlha ya bolwetsi jwa AIDS, monna yo mongwe o ne a mo tlogela, mme monna wa gagwe wa boraro o ne a mo sotlaka.<ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0" />Mara o ne a amanya go swa ga bana ba gagwe le mmaba mongwe yo o fitlhegileng mme a batla dikarabo mo go bo [[:en:Divination|nkadilatlha]]. Le fa morwadie, wa leina la Mosadi, yo ka tlwaelo a itsegeng e le Mosa, le ngwana wa gagwe wa mosimane yo o setseng, e bong Stan, ba sa dumele gore a nkadilatlha o ka tlhalosa gore ke eng fa bokgaitsadie ba tlhokafetse, ba diragatsa fela dithomo tse ba di laetsweng. <ref name=":1" /> Fa Mosa a lemoga gore o mo mmeleng ebile o latlhilwe ke rraagwe ngwana, o tsaya tshwetso ya gore a senye mpa mo sephiring, go na le go imetsa mmaagwe yo o setseng a lebaganwe ke mathata.<ref name=":0" /> Mo maitekong a go fodisa lelwapa la gagwe, Mosa o sekaseka mekgwa ya tlwaelo e e kgaoganyang banna le basadi e bo e tsholeletsa megopolo ya borre kwa godimo, e ruta basadi go itlhokomolosa ditselana tse ba kgopisiwang ka tsone e bile ba sa tsewe sentle.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=41}}</ref></ref> Se e le tsela ya go fetlha boikanyo mo lelwapeng la gabone le mo setsong sa lefatshe la gabone, Mosa o ithuta go gana go amogela maitsholo a a sa lolamang mo tikologong ya gabone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref>Ka tsela e, mme Dow o ne a sekaseka ka moo go ineela ga setšhaba le go didimala ka diphoso mo setšhabeng go bakang tlhakatlhakano ya megopolo le go tiriso-botlhaswa ya batho ba ba se nang dithata ke ba ba nang le dithata go ba feta.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=38–40}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|alt=Photograph of asmiling African woman wearing a grey tweed jacket over a white v-necked blouse with a purple scarf and beaded necklace around her neck.|thumb| Mme Dow ka ngwaga wa 2011]] Melaetsa e e tshwanang e tsentswe mo pading ya bobedi ya ga Dow ya setlhogo sa '<nowiki/>''The Screaming of the Innocent'' ' ya ngwaga wa 2001, e le yone e sekasekang thatafatso ya basadi mo lefatsheng le le tletseng bonweenwee jwa mapodisi, dipolao tsa ditlhabelo tsa bongaka ba setso, diphiri mo metheong ya lefatshe ga mmogo le tidimalo ya setšhaba mo dikgannyeng tse.<ref name=":2" /> Fa a sekaseka mokgwa wa setso wa ''dipheko'', wa go bolaya motho go gopela dirwe tsa gagwe ka ntlha ya lesego le katlego e a nang le yone go ya ka tumelo ya maselamotse , Dow o supa ka fa bahumi le batho ba ba nang le dithata ba tshwarang baagedi ba metseselegae ba ba sa rutegang ka teng le ka fa ba rekang tidimalo ya ba ba mo maemong a molao ka teng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=40–41}}</ref></ref> Mo bukeng e, mosetsana mongwe o mmotlana o bolawa mo [[The bush|sekgweng]] gaufi le motse wa gaabo mme tshedimosetso ka ga tsheko e o e gateletswe ke mapodisi le banna ba ba nang le dithata tse di rileng ba lefelo la gabone. Go kgaoganngwa ga gagwe go fitlhegile mo pading jaaka sesupo sa go tlhoka go lemogiwa ga ditiro tse di ntseng jalo mo setšhabeng ka kakaretso.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref> Moanelwamogolo, e bong Amantle Bokaa, yo o wetsang [[:en:National_service|tirelo ya gagwe ya setshaba]], o ribolola diaparo tse di tletseng madi mo lebokosong la kokelwana e a abetsweng go berekela kwa go yone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=42–43}}</ref></ref>Diaparo tseo ke tsa motho yo o kileng a tlhaselwa pelenyana, mme fa di tlhagisiwa mo bathong ba motse di tsosa maitemogelo a gore ntlha e o ba ne ba e fitlhetswe. Ka go nne batho ba motse ba ne ba dumela gore Bokaa o ka seke a lebiwe ka tsela e e sa siamang e ba ba mo maemong a a rileng ba ba tshwarang ka yone, o tlhophiwa go bua le mapodisi mo boemong jwa batho ba motse.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=43}}</ref></ref>Ka lebaka la gore ke mosadi e bile ke ngwana, o ne a tlaa lebega a se na maatla, mme dithutego tsa gagwe, tse di neng tsa mo ruta bokgoni jwa go lebagana le baganetsi le go botsolosa ditumelo, di mo fa maatla le go itshepa go ka gwetlha molao wa tidimalo ga mmogo le dikgoreletsi tsa setshaba tse di emeng kgatlhanong le ene.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=43}}</ref></ref> <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=23}}</ref></ref>Tiro ya ga Dow ga e tlhome mogopolo fela mo dikamanong tsa dithata, mme e tlhoma mogopolo mo go tshoseng ga dipolao tsa dipheko le [[Femicide|dipolao tsa basadi]]. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=27}}</ref></ref>O tlhalosa sentle tumelo ya gagwe ya gore bomme e tlaa nna bone ba ba okameng diphetogo mo melaong ya go fedisa ditiro tse di ntseng jalo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=32}}</ref></ref> ''Buka ya Far and Beyon′'' e ne ya gatisiwa la ntlha mo Botswana mme morago ga moo ya gatisiwa kwa Australia. ''Buka ya 'The Screaming of the Innocent' e'' ne ya gatisiwa la ntlha kwa Australia mme ga gatisiwa gape kwa Aferikaborwa ka ngwaga wa 2003. Padi ya gagwe ya boraro, ya setlhogo sa ''Juggling Truths'', e ne ya gatisiwa mo ngwageng yo o kwa Australia mme ya gololwa mo ngwageng o o latelang kwa Aferika Borwa. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=36}}</ref></ref> Dow o ne a sekaseka gape mekgwa ya setso le ditlwaelo tsa setshaba tse di sa lolamang a bo a tswa ka maano a go di lwantsha. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref> Le fa a ne a sekaseka setšhaba sa Aferika mo nakong e e fetileng le dikgang tse di bakilweng ke go ganetsana le ditiro tsa segompieno tsa letso la batho-basweu le setso sa selegae, tiro e, e itebagantse thata le go lekalekanya mekgwa e e siameng le e e sa siamang mo setsong sa selegae. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|pp=38–39}}</ref></ref> Ka go dirisa moanelwa, Monei, yo e leng mosetsana yo mmotlana yo o nnang mo motseng wa selegae, Dow o sekaseka dingwao tse di fetedisitsweng mo dikokomaneng le tiriso ya mainane jaaka tsela ya go tsenya dikaelo tsa maitsholo le jaaka taolo ya botho jwa bana. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|M'Raijii|2017|p=77}}</ref></ref>Buka e o e botsa dipotso ka dikgang go akaretsa ditumelo tsa gore go bolaya [[:en:Monitor_lizard|kgwathe]] go dira gore go nne le ditsuatsue tse di tlhorontshang, gore go nna tsala le motho yo o nang le [[:en:Albinism|boswafe]] go dira gore motho a se ka a nna lesego, kgotsa gore go nwa motlhapo wa poo go ka thusa motho go ithuta go letsa molodi. Gape e akaretsa dipolelo tsa setshedi se se tona se se kometsang bana ga mmogo le moruti yo o itseelang dikobo ka dikgoka mo basetsaneng ba botlana. Melaetsa e e mo polelong e, e golaganya ''Juggling Truths'' le dipadi tse pedi tsa ntlha tsa ga Dow mme e akantsha batho gore basetsana le basadi ba kgona go tlhabolola maatla a bone ka thuto e bile ba kgona go ikakanyetsa. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|M'Raijii|2017|p=77}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=45}}</ref></ref>. Dow o atamela tshekatsheko ya gagwe ya go raraana ga dipopego tsa setshaba a dirisa ditsereganyo tse di farologaneng, a lemoga gore ga go na ditharabololo tse di bonolo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=39}}</ref></ref> ''Buka ya Juggling Truths'' e ne e le motlhophiwa wa [[Percy FitzPatrick Award|Mokgele wa Percy FitzPatrick]] mo setlhopheng sa bagolo ba ba botlana ka ngwaga wa 2006.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=149}}</ref></ref> szbsd6f6arq0u6ym3m4rgg8qe67jxz7 53605 53604 2026-07-30T06:48:41Z Lame Ralosetlha 12932 Created by translating the section "Writing" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358461802|Unity Dow]]" 53605 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Unity Dow|office=[[Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation (Botswana)|Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation]]|image=Unity Dow - PopTech 2011 - Camden Maine USA - 6269953840.jpg|alt=Photograph of an African woman in a grey brocaded suit standing in front of a backdrop depicting a group of African women in blue dresses, while giving a speech. She is wearing a geometrically patterned beaded neck collar, has a yellow device in her right hand, and is pointing with her left index finger to the left of the stage.|caption=Dow in 2011|predecessor=[[Vincent T. Seretse]]|president=[[Mokgweetsi Masisi]]|successor=[[Lemogang Kwape]]|term_start=2 November 2019|term_end=26 August 2020|majority2=193 (1.66%)|office2=[[Member of Parliament (Botswana)|Member of Parliament]] for [[Kgatleng West]]|predecessor2=''new constituency''|party=[[Botswana Congress Party]]|birth_name=Unity Diswai|birth_date={{birth date and age|1959|4|23|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Mochudi]], [[Bechuanaland Protectorate]] (now [[Botswana]]|spouse={{Marriage|Peter Nathan Dow|7 March 1984}}<br/> Karl J. Stahl{{sfn|Karlsruhe Institute of Technology|2008}}|children=3|alma_mater=[[University of Botswana and Swaziland]] ([[LLB]])<br>[[University of Edinburgh]]|profession=Lawyer, judge, politician, writer, and human rights activist}} '''Unity Dow''' (née '''Diswai'''; o tshotswe ka Moranang a le masome mabedi le boraro 1959) ke mmueledi wa [[Botswana|Motswana]]^{[<nowiki/>[[Batho ba ba tswang kwa Botswana ba bidiwa Motswana (bongwe) kgotsa Batswana (bontsi) .|N]]}^{[[Batho ba ba tswang kwa Botswana ba bidiwa Motswana (bongwe) kgotsa Batswana (bontsi) .|opolo 1]]]}, mokwadi, [[molweladitshwanelo tsa batho]] le [[Leloko la Palamente]] la [[Kgatleng Bophirima]] e sale ka Ngwanatsele 2024. O kile a nna moatlhodi kwa [[Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko ya Botswana]] le mo phateng a a farologaneng a Botswana. O tsholetswe kwa [[Bechuanaland|Bechuanaland Protectorate]] ke moroki le molemimorui, ba ba neng ba gatelela gore bana ba bone ba bone thuto, Dow o goletse mo motseng wa setso wa legae pele ga ditlhabololo tsa segompieno. O ne a bona thuto ya molao ka 1983 kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Botswana le Swaziland]], le fa dithuto tsa gagwe di ne tsa wediwa kwa Swaziland le kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Edinburgh]], kwa Scotland, ka Botswana a ne a sena sekolo sa molao ka nako eo. Fa a sena go aloga, Dow o ne a bula kantoro ya ntlha ya molao e le ya basadi gotlhe mo Botswana mme ka 1997 a nna mosadi wa ntlha go tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi kwa Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko ya lefatshe leo. Ka nako ya fa a ne a le mo tirong ya molao, Dow o ne a amega mo dikgetsing di le tharo tsa ditso mo Botswana. Ka 1992, e ne e le mongongoregi mo kgetsing e e botlhokwa ya semolao, ''[[Unity Dow v Attorney-Genera]]''l, e e neng ya fedisa go tlhaola batho ka bong mo [[melaong ya bosetšhaba]] ya setšhaba e pele e neng e sa letle bana go bona bosetšhaba mo go bommaabone ba ba nyetsweng. Kgetse e ne ya bonela Dow tebelelo ya boditšhabatšhaba mme ya tsosa lekhubu la diphetogo tse di fedisang go sa lekalekane ga bong mo melaong ya bosetšhaba go ralala Aforika. Ka 2006, jaaka moatlhodi yo o okametseng kgetse ya ga ''Roy Sesana and Others v. the Government of Botswana'', Dow o ne a atlhola kgatlhanong le ditiro tsa puso tsa go thibela [[batho ba tlholego ba Basarwa]] go nna le go tsoma mo [[mafelong a borraabonemogologolwane]], mme seo sa ba pateletsa go nna gape kwa ntle ga [[Central Kalahari Game Reserve]]. O ne a atlhola gore puso e tshwanetse go busetsa ditirelo tsa motheo, e letle Basarwa go boela mo lefatsheng le go bona ditetla tsa go tsoma, le go duela ditshenyegelo mo go ba ba fudusitsweng ka dikgoka fa ba ka tlhopha go se boele. Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Dow o ne a dira jaaka mmueledi wa semolao wa [[LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo kgetseng ya bone ya go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa Lephateng la Kwadiso ya Matsalo mme ba atlega go amogela katlholo ya gore puso e letle mokgatlho o kwadisiwe. Dow o ne a tlhophiwa la ntlha go tsena mo [[Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba]] ka 2014, fa a ne a tlhophiwa ke Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] jaaka mopalamente yo o itlhophetsweng. O ne a tlhomiwa la ntlha go nna Mothusa Tona wa Thuto mme ka 2015 a nna Tona ya Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Dikitso. Morago ga moo o ne a dira jaaka Tona ya Thuto ya Motheo, Tona ya Mafaratlhatlha le Tlhabololo, le Tona ya Merero ya mafatshe a sele, pele ga a nna moeteledipele wa [[lemorago]] ka 2020. O dirile mo dikhuduthamageng le dikomiting di le mmalwa tsa boditšhabatšhaba, a sekaseka tiriso ya melao e e amang ditshwanelo tsa batho kwa [[Kenya]], [[Palastina]], [[Rwanda]] le [[Sierra Leone]]. Ka 2000, Dow o ne a simolola go gatisa dipadi, ka tlwaelo o ne a lebile dikgang tsa loago le tsa semolao le ditlamorago tsa tsone mo dipopegong tsa bong le tsa maatla. Dibuka tse di sekaseka mekgwa ya loago le go dirisa batho botlhaswa ka go ba sotlaka, go dirisa dikgoka le go gatelela ditshwanelo tsa batho. O amogetse dikakgolo le ditlotla di le dintsi ka ntlha ya tiro ya gagwe ya go thusa batho, go akaretsa le [[Legion of Honor]] ka 2010. == Botshelo jwa pele le thuto == Unity Dow o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Moranang e le malatsi a masome mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 1959 mo motseng wa [[Mochudi]], mo [[Kgaolo ya Kgatleng|kgaolong ya Kgatleng]], mo lefatsheng la [[Botswana]] le ka nako eo e neng ele [[Bechuanaland|Bechuanaland Protectorate]]<ref name=":0">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLedererMacharia-Mokobi2012|Lederer & Macharia-Mokobi 2012]], p. 248.</ref><ref name=":15">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004]], p. 34.</ref> mo batsading ba gagwe Phiri le Maefshane Diswai (ba ba itsegeng gape ka leina la Moses le Ellen Diswai), ditlogolwana tsa merafe ya tlholego ya [[Basarwa]] le maloko a merafe ya Bakgatla. Motseselegae o a goletseng mo go one o ne o sa tshelwa ditsela, motlakase le metsi a a elang. Go ne go sena mesokelatsebeng e bile o ne a ise a bone setsidifatsi go fitlha a nna mo dingwageng tsa bonana, le fa e le thelebishene go fitlha a nna dingwaga di le masome a mabedi.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDaymondLenta2004|Daymond & Lenta 2004]], p. 48.</ref><ref name=":1">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFEllis2012|Ellis 2012.]]</ref> Mmaagwe e ne e le moroki, yo o neng a kgona go bala le go kwala ka [[Setswana]], mme e seng Seesemane.<ref name=":2">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFSunday_Standard2007|''Sunday Standard'' 2007.]]</ref><ref name=":3">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDaymondLenta2004|Daymond & Lenta 2004]], p. 49.</ref> Rraagwe, yo o neng a bereka mo polasing e nnye, o ne a bua le go bala Seesemane.<ref name=":3" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNarloch2012|Narloch 2012]], p. 3.</ref> Fa rraagwe a ne a le kwa sekolong, o ne a gapa thuso ya madi a go tsena [[Yunibesithi ya Fort Hare]], mme thuso eo e ne ya newa morwa kgosi boemong jwa gagwe. Mo batsading ba gagwe ka bobedi, thuto e ne ya nna selo sa botlhokwa mme bana ba bone ba le barataro mo go ba le supa ba ne ba wetsa dithuto tsa bone tsa yunibesithi.<ref name=":3" /> Dithuto tsa bone tsa [[Bophirima]] di ne di sa tlwaelega mo metseselegaeng ya Botswana ka nako eo.<ref name=":2" /> Diswai o weditse dithuto tsa gagwe tse di potlana le tse dikgolwane kwa Mochudi.<ref name=":0" /> Morago ga sekolo se segolwane, o ne a ithutela molao kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Botswana le Swaziland]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Ka gonne go ne go sena sekolo sa molao mo Botswana ka nako eo, ka fa tlase ga thulaganyo ya thuso ya Borithane o ne a tsena yunibesithi kwa [[Eswatini|Swaziland]] mme a wetsa dingwaga di le pedi tsa dithuto kwa Scotland, kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Edinburgh]], pele ga a bona digerata ya gagwe ya [[Bachelor of Laws]] ka 1983 kwa Yunibesithing ya Botswana le Swaziland.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":4">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFUniversity_of_Edinburgh2010|University of Edinburgh 2010.]]</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDaymondLenta2004|Daymond & Lenta 2004]], pp. 49–50.</ref> == Molao le bolweladitshwanelo == === Tiro ya gagwe ya pele (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity Dow - PopTech 2011 - Camden Maine USA - 6266756376.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Unity Dow]] Diswai o ne a bona dithutego tsa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go bereka kwa dikantorong tsa [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana]] e le mosekisi wa melato ya borukutlhi kwa [[Gaborone]]. O nyalane le moagi wa Amerika, Peter Nathan Dow, ka Mopitlo a supa 1984. Banyalani ba ba ne ba nna kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0" /> Ka 1986, Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong e e ikemetseng ka nosi e e neng e dira tiro ya molao wa bosenyi, mme a bula feme ya Dow Malakaila, e leng feme ya ntlha ya molao ya basadi-botlhe mo lefatsheng leo. Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa bomme mo Botswana sa [[Emang Basadi]] (Emela Basadi ka dinao). Ka 1988, leina la feme le ne la fetolwa moragonyana go nna Dow Lesetedi and Company.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFSegwai2008|Segwai 2008.]]</ref><ref name=":4" /> Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a simolola mmogo mokgatlho wa Basadi le Molao mo Borwa jwa Aforika (WLSA) go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dikgetsi.<ref name=":0" /> Go tloga ka 1988 go fitlha ka 1991, Dow o ne a direla WLSA dipatlisiso, a thusa go wetsa thutopatlisiso ya kgaolo ka ga ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi mo mafatsheng a le marataro tse di mabapi.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":2" /> Ka 1990, o thusitse go tlhoma Lefelo la Tshedimosetso la Basadi la Metlhaetsile go rotloetsa thuto ka ditshwanelo tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka 1990, Dow o ne a tlhatlhela kgetsi kwa [[Kgotla Kgolong ya Ditsheko ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" /> Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagi wa 1984, ke fela [[bana ba ba seng ka fa molaong]] ba ba neng ba ka bona bosetšhaba ka mmaabo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1992|Quansah 1992]], p. 196.</ref> Ka bana ba gagwe ba le babedi mo go ba le bararo le Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa tsewe e le Batswana.<ref name=":6">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBeyani1994|Beyani 1994]], p. 294.</ref> Ka go boifa gore go ka nna le kgonagalo ya gore fa tetla ya ga Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng e felelwa ke nako ka 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ka nna la patelesega go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola kgetsi ya [[Unity Dow v Attorney-General]] a latofatsa gore Molao wa Boagi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefadiwa le go sotlakakwa mo go seng mo sethong. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhela e ema Dow nokeng e dumalana gore molao o ama tlhopho ya gagwe e e gololesegileng ya gore o tla nyala mang, o ka mo pateletsa go kgaogana le lelwapa la gagwe fa ditetlelelo tsa bonno tsa monna wa gagwe le bana ba gagwe di sa ntšhwafadiwe, mme o ne o tlhaola.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFColdham1992|Coldham 1992]], pp. 91–92.</ref> === Tiro ya magareng (1991–2009) === Dow o ne a tsere sebaka sa dingwaga di le pedi a beetse tiro ya gagwe ya molao kwa tlhoko ka 1991 ka ntlha ya kgetse e mme ka nako eo, o ne a simolola mmogo Sekolo se se botlana sa Baobob kwa Gaborone le AIDS Action Trust.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":8">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFColumbia_Law_School2009|Columbia Law School 2009.]]</ref> O ne a dira jaaka mogokaganyi wa WLSA go tloga ka 1992 go fitlha ka 1994,<ref name=":5" /> fa boikuelo jwa kgetse ya gagwe bo santse bo letilwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo, ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya nganga gore go tlhaola basadi go sireleditswe ke dipeelo tsa molaomotheo go somarela dingwao tsa setso tsa Botswana, e e neng e le setšhaba sa [[losika lwa borre]].<ref name=":6" /> <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], pp. 190–191.</ref> Mmueledi Mogolo le ene o ne a ganela gore Dow o ne a na le maitsetsepelo, a bolela gore ene ka boene ga a a utlwisiwa botlhoko ke sepe.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], p. 190.</ref> [[Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Tautona ya Baatlhodi [[Austin Amissah]], e ne ya swetsa ka gore kgethololo ya bong e thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ka se fete dipeelo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse Botswana e neng e na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le modumedi wa tsone.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBeyani1994|Beyani 1994]], p. 295.</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], p. 196.</ref> Mo kgannyeng ya maitsetsepelo, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go na le kgonagalo ya gore a ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne a gobaditswe, mme go kgaogana le ba lelwapa la gagwe go tla bo go nyenyefatsa le go tlhoka setho.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], pp. 200–201.</ref> Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa katlholo ya Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditseko ka diphetogo tse dinnye, ya bolela gore Dikarolo tsa bone le botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagi ga di dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], p. 189.</ref> Ka ntlha ya katlholo e e botlhokwa e, ka 1995 Molao wa Boagi o ne wa baakanngwa go tlosa go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go boneng bosetšhaba mo Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFManby2010|Manby 2010]], p. 50.</ref> Katlholo e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go ralala Aforika go gatelela phetogo mo melaong ya bone ya bosetšhaba le go fedisa go sa lekalekane ga bong, mme seno sa felela ka gore mo e ka nnang sephatlo sa mafatshe a Aforika a baakanye melao ya bosetšhaba ka 2010.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPailey2020|Pailey 2020]], p. 1839.</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFManby2010|Manby 2010]], p. 48.</ref> Go tloga ka 1994 go fitlha ka 1998, Dow o ne a dira jaaka mokaedi wa Setheo sa Tshedimosetso sa Basadi sa Metlhaetsile mme ka nako eo o ne a gatisa ''The Citizenship Case'' ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le botlhano, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa kgetse ya gagwe.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":4" /> Ka 1996, o ne a dira mo kgetsing e e neng e amana le [[go tlhokomela bana]] e e neng ya felela ka gore go dirwe phetolo ya melao ya tshegetso, mme ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bosupa o ne a tlhagisa kgetse ka ga [[bolwetse jwa basadi ba ba itewang]], a tsaya gore tseno ke dikgang tse di botlhokwa mo basading.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":9">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDavis2014|Davis 2014]], p. 227.</ref> Mo ngwageng oo, Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi kwa [[Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kwa kgotlatshekelong ka Firikgong 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5" /> Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetlho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go dira jaaka moatlhodi kwa Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko.<ref name=":16">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLedererMacharia-Mokobi2012|Lederer & Macharia-Mokobi]] 2012, p. 249.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone , Dow o ne a dira jaaka karolo ya thomo ya [[Lekgotla la Ditshaba]] go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le [[Charlotte Abaka]] wa Mo-Ghana, yo e kileng ya bo e le modulasetilo wa [[Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref name=":7">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDivision_for_the_Advancement_of_Women2004|Division for the Advancement of Women 2004]], p. 8.</ref> [[Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya Middle East Technical University ya Bong le Basadi; kwa [[Ankara]], kwa Turkey;<ref name=":7" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBianet2019|Bianet 2019.]]</ref> [[Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa Gender Studies and Human Rights Documentation Centre kwa [[Accra]];<ref name=":7" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBowman2019|Bowman 2019]], p. 4.</ref> le Moaforika Borwa, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]], moporofesara wa molao kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Puso ya Pennsylvania|Yunibesithing ya Pennsylvania]] [[Yunibesithing ya Puso ya Pennsylvania|State]].<ref name=":7" /> Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna molaodi wa [[Khuduthamaga ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong ao ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe.<ref name=":12">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLazaroff2012|Lazaroff 2012]].</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro , o ne a tlhophiwa go direla mo komiting e kgolo ya Khuduthamaga ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi le balaodi ba le barataro ba ba boelelang le maloko a mararo a masha, go akaretsa le ene, [[Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa [[Serbia]] le [[Raji Sourani]] wa [[Palastina]].<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPalestinian_Centre_for_Human_Rights2006|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights 2006]].</ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo kgetsing ya ''[[Roy Sesana and Others v. the Government of Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa kwa Kgotleng Kgolo ya Ditsheko ka 2002 ke batho ba Basarwa<ref name=":10">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], pp. 103–104, 107.</ref> (ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba bidiwang batho ba naga ya Kalahari)<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":9" /> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa kgetsi mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le 241 ba ba neng ba tsena mo kgetsing fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e fedisa metsi mo lefelong leno la polokelo, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisa go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, le go leka go tlosa Basarwa ka dikgoka kwa ba nnang teng. Ba ne ba baakanya kgetse ya bone go akaretsa go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo le makgabisa naga go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong la tshireletso kwantle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya diteseletso tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref name=":10" /> Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka 2006, Dow o ne ya swetsa ka gore go fedisiwa ga ditirelo le go patelediwa go fudusiwa ga Basarwa go ne go emela tlolomolao ya tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaomotheo.<ref name=":5" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], pp. 108–109.</ref> O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ditshenyegelo di duelwe ba ba neng ba fudusitswe mme ba se na keletso ya go boa.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], p. 109.</ref> Mo kgannyeng ya diteseletso tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro ba ne ba dumalana gore di ne di thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, ka le fa Lephata la Diphologolo le makgabisa Naga le ne le sa patelesege go ntsha diteseletso, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela ka nako e gape ba neng ba emisa mophako, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa batho ba Basarwa jwa go itshedisa.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], pp. 115–117.</ref> Mo kgannyeng ya diteseletso tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go dirisa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], p. 120.</ref> Kgetse e, go ya ka moporofesa wa molao Clement Ng'ong'ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana go amogela ditshwanelo tsa batho ba tlholego mo mafatsheng a borraabonemogologolwane.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], p. 121.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bosupa, Dow o ne a dira jaaka leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya Rwanda le go sekaseka gore lefatshe le ka tswa jang mo [[dikgotlhang]] tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya yone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo dikgetseng tsa [[polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba bo tshekiso e e sa tseeng letlhakore.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREF%C3%85hlund2007|Åhlund 2007]], p. 5.</ref><ref name=":11">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFUniversity_of_South_Australia2009|University of South Australia 2009]].</ref> Nngwe ya dikgetsi tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le malebang le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la dino tse di tagang. Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome mararo mme kgetse e ne ya feleletsa e tholotswe.<ref name=":5" /> O ne a rola tiro mo setilong ka kgwedi ya Moranang,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[Sekolong sa Molao sa Yunibesithi ya Washington le Lee]] kwa [[Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a dira jaaka moporofesa yo o etileng kwa [[Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":11" /> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010–gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome , Dow o ne a tlhoma feme ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi eo o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[Tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong ya Nakwana e e Ikemetseng ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go diragatsa [[Molaomotheo]] o mosha wa Kenya.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNSW_Bar_Association2011|NSW Bar Association 2011]].</ref><ref name=":9" /> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bongwe , o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetulo wa Komiti e kgolo ya Molaodi wa Khuduthamaga ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCrowe2011|Crowe 2011]].</ref> Mo ngwageng oo Dow o ne a simolola go dira le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo tse dingwe tsa [[batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa Omang tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCamminga2020|Camminga 2020]], pp. 247–248.</ref> Ka nako eo kwa Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba baakanye ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dikwalong tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ne ba ya kwa ofising ya Omang le kwadiso matsalo go fetola dikwalo tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go tla ka taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCamminga2020|Camminga 2020]], pp. 244, 248.</ref> Ba ne ba kopa Dow go ba thusa, mme ene o ne a ikgolaganya le [[Setheo sa Ditsheko sa Aforika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le tshegetso ya madi.<ref name=":13">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCamminga2020|Camminga 2020]], p. 248.</ref> Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla newa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke kgetse, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo kgetsing e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa dikgetse tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref name=":13" />^{[Nopolo ya boraro]} Go fitlhelela seo, Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho wa [[LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo kgetsing ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya matsalo. Mokgatlho o ne o ganetswe ka go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Badiri le Merero ya Selegae, ka mabaka a gore ditiro tsa thatano ya bong di ne di se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng leo. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho go tlola tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore kgetse e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa thobalano, mme e le gore a maloko a ka kokoana le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMokwape2014a|Mokwape 2014a]].</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone , Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha le go se letla go kopana go ne go tlola Molaomotheo, Dikarolo ya boraro, lesome le bobedi, le lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, kgololesego ya go kopana, le kgololesego ya go kokoana ka go latelana.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMokwape2014b|Mokwape 2014b]].</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity Dow and Macsuzy Mondon, September 2015.jpg|thumb|200x200px|BoTona Dow le [[Macsuzy Mondon]] (Seychelles) ba saena Memo ya Kutlwano ya lenaneo la kananyo ya barutabana, 2015]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi a le malatsi marataro ngwaga wa dikete tse pedile lesome le bobedi , Dow o ne a tlhomiwa ke [[Lekgotla la Ditshwanelo tsa Batho la Lekgotla la Ditshaba]] jaaka mongwe wa baitseanape ba le bararo ba ba ikemetseng go dira thomo ya go batlisisa dintlha ka ga ka moo mafelo a bonno a Iseraele a kwa West Bank a amang Bapalestina ka teng.<ref name=":12" /> Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a swetsa go tsena mo dipolotiking mme a tsenelela lekoko la [[Botswana Democratic Party]].<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFSunday_Standard2012a|''Sunday Standard'' 2012a]].</ref> O ne a emela [[ditlhopho tsa setshaba tsa 2014]] tsa Kgaolo ya Mochudi Bophirima, mme a latlhegelwa ke go bata setilo mo Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBasimanebotlhe2014|Basimanebotlhe 2014]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane a le masome mabedi le boferabobedi ,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone, Dow o ne a tlhophiwa, mmogo le bontlhopheng ba bangwe ba le barataro, ke Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] wa Botswana jaaka leloko le le itlhophetsweng la palamente. Mmogo le [[Kenneth Matambo]], [[Kitso Mokaila]], le Eric Molale, o ne a fenya ditlhopho mme a tlhomiwa go nna Mothusa Tona wa Thuto mo Pusong eo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMotsamai2014|Motsamai 2014]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMosikare2014|Mosikare 2014]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Dikitso ke Khama, a tlhatlhama [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]], Mothusatautona wa Botswana yo wa nako eo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPiet2015|Piet 2015]].</ref> Ka nako ya fa a ne a le mo Lephateng, Dow o ne a tlhoma lenaneo la go katisa barutabana go tswa kwa Seychelles kwa Botswana le go romela barutabana ba Batswana kwa ntle go ya go thusa Seychelles ka tlhaelo ya barutabana.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPhiloBonnelame2015|Philo & Bonnelame 2015]].</ref> O ne a direla mo maemong ao go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borataro, fa mo kabakanngwa cabinet, a ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto ya Motheo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMmegi2016b|''Mmegi'' 2016b]].</ref> Morago ga gore Khama a tloge mo maemong a botautona ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi , Dow o ne a sutisiwa ke Tautona yo o tsenang Masisi go tswa mo Thutong go ya kwa maemong a Tona ya Mafaratlhatlha le Tlhabololo ya Matlo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMwakideu2018|Mwakideu 2018]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGabathuse2018|Gabathuse 2018]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi 2018, mo phetogong ya cabinet, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Merero ya Mafatshe a Sele, a ananya setilo sa gagwe mo Mafaratlhatlheng le Matlo le Vincent Tina Seretse, yo o neng a tshwere Merero ya Mafatshe a sele mo nakong e e fetileng.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMorupisi2018|Morupisi 2018]].</ref> Masisi o ne a fenya botautona mo [[ditlhophong tsa setshaba tsa 2019]] mme a tlhomamisa gape Dow jaaka Tona ya Merero ya Mafatshe a Sele ya palamente ya bo lesome le bobedi ya Botswana.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMmegi2019|''Mmegi'' 2019]].</ref> Dow mmogo le barwadie Cheshe le Natasha, o ne a bula Dow Academy kwa Mochudi, [[Kgaolo ya Kgatleng]] ka Firikgong 2020. Sekolo seno se se ikemetseng se ruta thuto e potlana le e kgolwane.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLuebering2020|Luebering 2020]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi , Dow o ne a tlogela bodiredi jwa gagwe mme a emisediwa ka Lemogang Kwape mo phetogong ya cabinet.<ref name=":14">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMotlhoka2020|Motlhoka 2020]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGabathuse2020|Gabathuse 2020]].</ref> Dow o buile ka kgato e, "Jaaka tona o bua thata ka portfolio ya gago. Mme [[banka e e kwa morago]] e go naya kgololesego ya go botsolotsa dikgang tse di farologaneng tse di amang bosetšhaba. Tekanyetso e le nosi ke boemo jwa lekoko la me mo kgannyeng e e rileng".<ref name=":14" /> == Go kwala == Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi , fa Dow a ne a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dinaane, ke bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba dirile dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela babadi kwa ntle ga Botswana. <ref name=":15" /> Lengwe la mabaka a seno e ne e le kganetso e e tiileng ya boeteledipele jwa Batswana gore MaBorithane ba kopanye kgaolo ya bona le ya Aforika Borwa, e e neng ya isa kwa go itshireletseng kgatlhanong le Pan-Africanism le go tlhoka dipeeletso mo mafaratlhatlheng a setšhaba le tlhabololo ya thuto. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;34, 36.</ref> Bobedi dibuka tsa gagwe tsa non-fiction le tsa fiction di kopanya dikgang tsa loago le tsa semolao le seabe sa tsona mo bong le mo kagong ya maatla. <ref name=":9" /> <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] p.&#x20;35.</ref>Mosebetsi o mong le o mong wa Dow o hlahloba ditlwaelo tsa setjhaba tse lebisang ho se leka-lekane ha dikamano tsa matla le ho susumetsa pefo kgahlanong le basadi, tlhekefetso ya thobalano ya bana, bothata ba AIDS, le ho se lekane ha bong. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFJenkins2012|Jenkins 2012,]] p.&#x20;151.</ref> Batho ba ba mo bukeng ya gagwe ba dirisa tlhaloganyo go ganana le ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa setso sa setso. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFJenkins2012|Jenkins 2012]], p.&#x20;153.</ref> Ka padi ya gagwe ya ntlha, Far and Beyon' (2000), Dow o ne a bua thata ka ga leroborobo la AIDS le ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka mo malapeng, segolo jang ka fa basadi ba ba tshelang mo setšhabeng sa borra-bana ba lebanang le malapa a a senang borre ka ntlha ya tshenyo e e tlisitseng kwa Botswana ya kwa magaeng. <ref name=":16" /><ref name=":17">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGagiano2004|Gagiano 2004,]] p.&#x20;40.</ref>E sekaseka dithibelo tsa ditlwaelo tsa setso, meetlo, le ditheo tse di beilweng mo basading le mo basading ka go dirisa dikago tse di ikaegileng ka banna.<ref name=":17" /> Mo kanegelong eno, Mara, mmè yo o sa itseng go bala le go kwala yo o nang le bokgoni jo bo lekanyeditsweng jwa go itlamela, o setse a na le monna a le mongwe le barwa ba le babedi ba ba bolawang ke AIDS, monna yo mongwe a mo latlha, mme molekane wa gagwe wa boraro o mo sotla.<ref name=":18">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004]], p.&#x20;38</ref> <ref name=":17" />Mara o bolela gore loso lwa barwa ba gagwe lo bakilwe ke mmaba yo o fitlhegileng mme o batla dikarabo mo go yo o bolelelang pele isagwe. Le fa morwadie, Mosadi (e e rayang mosadi), yo o itsegeng jaaka Mosa, le morwawe yo o setseng, Stan, ba sa dumele gore meetlo ya mmoki e tla tlhalosa gore ke ka ntlha yang fa bomorwarraabone ba sule, ba tsamaya mmogo le meletlo e e laetsweng. <ref name=":18" /> Fa Mosa a lemoga gore o imile mme o latlhetswe ke rraagwe ngwana, o swetsa go senya mpa ka sephiri, go na le go imetsa mmaagwe go feta.<ref name=":18" /> Mo maitekong a go fodisa lelapa la gagwe, Mosa o sekaseka ditlwaelo tsa loago tse di kgaoganyang banna le basadi le go godisa ditiro tsa banna, a ruta basadi go itlhokomolosa diphoso tsa bone. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGagiano2004|Gagiano 2004,]] p.&#x20;41.</ref>A nna a ikanyega mo lelapeng la gagwe le mo setsong sa gagwe, o ithuta go gana go amogela maitsholo a a sa siamang mo setšhabeng sa gaabo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGagiano2004|Gagiano 2004,]] p.&#x20;42.</ref>Ka tsela e, Dow o tlhatlhoba gore go ineela ga setšhaba le go didimala ka diphoso mo setšhabeng go isa jang kwa tlhakatlhakanong ya mogopolo le go dirisa ba ba senang maatla ka tsela e e sa siamang ke ba ba nang le maatla go feta. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;38–40.</ref> Dipolelo tse di tshwanang di ne tsa tsenngwa mo bukeng ya bobedi ya ga Dow, The Screaming of the Innocent (2001), e e sekasekang gape maatlafatso ya basadi mo nageng e e tletseng ka bonweenwee jwa sepodisi, polao ya ngwao, sephiri sa setheo, le tidimalo ya setšhaba. <ref name=":15" /> Go batlisisa tlwaelo ya setso ya dipheko, go bolaya mongwe go kotula dirwe tsa gagwe tsa mmele ka ntlha ya dinonofo tsa bone tsa boselamose tsa lesego le katlego, Dow o bontsha ka moo bahumi le ba ba maatla ba tsomang ka teng batho ba ba sa itseng go bala le go kwala ba kwa magaeng le go reka tidimalo ya babusi. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;40–41.</ref>Mo bukeng, mosetsanyana o bolailwe mo sekgweng gaufi le motse wa gaabo mme tshedimosetso ka ga kgetsi e ne ya thibelwa ke sepodisi le banna ba ba maatla ba lefelo la gaabo. Go kgaolwa ga mmele wa gagwe go fitlhilwe mo bukeng e le letshwao le le supang gore batho ga ba amogele mekgwa e e ntseng jalo mo setšhabeng ka kakaretso. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] p.&#x20;42.</ref>Protagonist, Amantle Bokaa, yo o fetsang tirelo ya gagwe ya bosetšhaba (e e itsegeng kwa Botswana jaaka Tirelo Sechaba), o fitlhela diaparo tse di nang le madi mo kamoreng ya tleliniki e a e abetsweng.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;42–43.</ref> Diaparo tseno ke tsa motho mongwe yo o neng a bolailwe pele ga moo, mme fa di neelwa baagi ba motse ba lemoga gore ba ne ba sa di itse. Bokaa, ka gore baagi ba motse ba dumela gore ga a kitla a bonwa ka tsela e e sa siamang ke balaodi, o tlhophiwa go bua le mapodisi mo boemong jwa baagi ba motse.[ 78] Ka gore ke mosadi le ngwana, o lebega a sena maatla, mme thuto ya gagwe, e e mo rutileng bokgoni jwa go dirisana le kganetso le go belaela ditumelo, e mo naya maatla le boitshepo go gwetlha molao wa tidimalo le dikgoreletsi tsa loago mo tseleng ya gagwe. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] p.&#x20;43.</ref> <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNgom2018|Ngom 2018,]] p.&#x20;23.</ref>Tiro ya ga Dow ga e bue fela ka dikamano tsa maatla, mme gape e bua ka dilo tse di tshosang tsa polao ya ngwao le polao ya basadi.[ 80] O tlhalosa ka tlhamalalo tumelo ya gagwe ya gore basadi e tla nna bone ba ba tla fetolang dipholisi go fedisa mekgwa e e ntseng jalo.[ 81] Far and Beyon′ e ne ya gololwa la ntlha kwa Botswana mme morago ya gatisiwa kwa Australia. The Screaming of the Innocent e ne ya gatisiwa la ntlha kwa Australia mme ya gatisiwa gape kwa Afrika Borwa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le boraro. Buka ya gagwe ya boraro, Juggling Truths, e ne ya phasaladiwa ngwaga oo kwa Australia mme ya gololwa ngwaga o o latelang kwa Afrika Borwa. 82] Dow gape o ne a tlhatlhoba ditlwaelo tsa setso tse di sa siamang le ditlwaelo tsa loago ka maano a go di lwantsha.[ 83] Le fa a ne a kile a batlisisa ka ga setšhaba sa Aforika le mathata a a bakilweng ke go ganana le segompieno sa Bophirima le setso sa selegae, tiro e e tsepamisitse maikutlo mo tiragalong ya go lekalekanya go dumalana le ditlwaelo tse di siameng le tse di sa siamang mo setsong sa selegae. [ Ka go dirisa setshwano sa Monei, mosetsana yo monnye yo o nnang mo motseng wa magae, Dow o tlhatlhoba dingwao tsa molomo le tiriso ya ditlhamane le ditlhamane jaaka tsela ya go tsenya dikaelo tsa maitsholo le jaaka taolo ya loago mo baneng. 85] Buka eno e gwetlha dilo tse di jaaka tumelo ya gore go bolaya segwagwa se se nnang se lebile go ka baka matsubutsubu a magolo, gore go tsalana le motho yo o nang le boswafi go ka tlisa bomadimabe, kana gore go nwa motlhapo wa poo go ka thusa motho go ithuta go letsa molodi. Gape e na le dipolelo tse di buang ka selalome sa monna se se medisang bana le moruti yo o sotlang basetsana ka tlhakanelodikobo. Ditema tse di mo kanegelong di golaganya Juggling Truths le dibuka tsa ntlha tse pedi tsa ga Dow mme di kaya gore basetsana le basadi ba kgona go tlhabolola nonofo ya bone ka thuto le go akanya ka go ikemela. 85][86] Dow o atamela tshekatsheko ya gagwe ya go raraana ga loago a dirisa mefuta e e farologaneng ya ditsereganyo, a lemoga gore ga go na ditharabololo tse di bonolo.[ 87] Juggling Truths e ne e le moanelwa wa Percy FitzPatrick Prize mo setlhopheng sa basha ba ba godileng ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro.[ 88] Buka ya Dow ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bosupa ya The Heavens May Fall e bua ka boitshupo jo bo fetogang go tswa mo setšhabeng sa setso go ya mo lefatsheng la segompieno la lefatshe lotlhe. Mo matlhong a ga Dow, setšhaba se fetoga ka metlha; ka ntlha ya seo, ngwao, bong, boitshupo, puo, kago ya loago le ditheo di a fetoga. 89] Kgang e e buang ka botshelo jwa ga Dow, e bua ka phetogo go tswa mo ditseleng tse di se nang ditshipi go ya go diphaepe tsa metsi tsa mo teng ga ntlo le ka moo khumo ya teemane e neng ya dira gore go nne le thuto, tlhokomelo ya boitekanelo le ditirelo.[ Buka e e neetswe bana ba gagwe ba bararo, e boeletsa ka moo dikakanyo ka ga bone di fetogileng ka teng, jaaka e le Maaforika, mme gape ba abelana ka boitshupo jo bo raraaneng ka gonne rraabone e ne e le moagi wa US. Mo nakong e kgang e diragalang ka yone, ba ne ba tla tsewa e le batswakwa. 91] Kgang e e bua ka Naledi, yo o belegweng pele ga go dirwa ga Botswana sešwa mme e diragala ka nako ya fa Dow a ne a gwetlha molao wa bosetšhaba.[ 92] Jaaka mmueledi, Naledi o emela basadi ba ba bokoa le bana ba ba tlhokang katlholo kgotsa thuso ya semolao. O tsaya kgetsi ya lekgarebe lengwe le le neng la betelelwa mme o senola gore tsamaiso ya semolao e e laolwang ke banna e ne e na le seabe, e leng se se dirileng gore kgetsi eno e se ka ya sekwa ka nako ya tsheko. Le fa kgetse e sa rarabololwa, molatofadiwa o ne a laelwa go dira teko ya HIV, ka ntlha ya gore motlhaselwa wa gagwe o ne a kile a tlhakanela dikobo a sa itshireletsa,[93] se se gatelelang diphetogo tsa loago le go fetofetoga ga maemo. Go nna monna ga go ne go naya molatofadiwa tshiamelo kgotsa maatla a go tila teko mo nageng e mo go yona tsamaiso ya molao e nang le tshireletso go akaretsa tshireletso ya basadi,[94] go sa kgathalesege gore tsamaiso ya molao e ne ya palelwa kwa bofelong Naledi.[ 68] == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} [[Karolo:Ditsalo tsa 1959]] [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] [[Karolo:Baatlhodi ba Botswana]] [[Karolo:Molwela-ditshwanelo tsa bomme wa Botswana]] == Botshelo jwa pele le thuto == Mme Unity Diswai o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa 1959, kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boraro, kwa [[Mochudi]] mo [[Kgaolo ya Kgatleng|Kgaolong ya Kgatleng]] mo [[Botswana]] (yo ka nako e o a neng a bidiwa [[Bechuanaland]] ), <ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref> ke ngwana wa batsadi ba gagwe e bong rre Phiri le mme Maefshane Diswai (ba gape ba itsegeng ka maina a Moses le Ellen Diswai), bobedi jo bo tsalatswe mo morafeng wa [[Basarwa]] fa godimo ga moo ke maloko a morafe wa BaKgatla.<ref name=":0" /> <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref> Motse wa selegae o a goletseng mo go one o ne o sena ditsela tsa sekonotiri, motlakase le fa e le metsi a a elelang. Go ne go sena megala ya letheka mme o ne a ise a bone setsidifatsi ka matlho go fitlha a nna mo dingwageng tsa bolesome, le fa e le setshwantsho sa motshikhinyego go fitlha a nna dingwaga di le masome a mabedi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=48}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ellis|2012}}</ref></ref> . Mmaagwe e ne e le moroki, yo o neng a kgona go bala le go kwala ka [[Setswana]], mme a sa kgone go bala le go kwala ka Sekgoa.<ref><ref name=":1" /></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=49}}</ref></ref>. Rraagwe yo o neng a berekela mo polasing e nnye, o ne a bua ebile a kgona go bala Sekgoa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=49}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=49}}</ref></ref>E ne ya re fa rraagwe a tsena sekolo, o ne a ikgapela thuso ya madi a go tsena kwa [[:en:University_of_Fort_Hare|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Fort Hare]], mme thuso e o e ne ya fiwa morwa wa kgosi boemong jwa gagwe. Batsadi ba gagwe ka bobedi jwa bone ba ne ba dumela gore thuto ke selo sa botlhokwa mme bana ba bone ba le barataro mo go ba le supa ba ne ba wetsa dithuto tsa bone tsa ithutelo tiro.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=49}}</ref></ref> Dithuto tsa bone [[:en:Western_culture|tsa kwa Bophirima]] di ne di sa tlwaelesega mo magaeng a Botswana ka nako eo.<ref name=":1">{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref> Mme Diswai o weditse dithuto tsa gagwe tse dipotlana le tse dikgolwane kwa Mochudi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Morago ga sekolo se segolwane, o ne a ithutela molao kwa [[:en:University_of_Botswana_and_Swaziland|sekolong se segolwane sa ithutelo tiro sa Botswana le Swaziland]] . <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ellis|2012}}</ref></ref>. Ka go ne go sena sekolo sa molao mo Botswana ka nako eo, o ne a tsena yunibesithi kwa [[Eswatini|Swaziland]] ka fa tlase ga thulaganyo ya thuso ya Boritheini mme a wetsa dingwaga di le pedi tsa dithuto kwa Scotland, kwa [[:en:University_of_Edinburgh|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Edinburgh]], pele ga a bona setlankana sa gagwe [[:en:Bachelor_of_Laws|sa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao]] ka ngwaga wa 1983 kwa sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Botswana le Swaziland.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2012 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref> <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=49–50}}</ref></ref>. == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> Go fitlhelela seo, mme Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho [[LEGABIBO|wa LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo tshekong ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya setshaba. Mokgatlho o ne o gannwe go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le ga mmogo le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Merero ya Badiri le tsa Selegae, ka mabaka a gore go ratana ga bong go ne go se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho yo go ne go le kgatlhanong le tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore tsheko e, e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa tlhakanelodikobo, mme e ne e le ka ga gore a maloko a ka kgona go kokoanya le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014a}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotlatshekelokgolo o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha seo le go se letla go kopana go ne go gataka Molaomotheo, karolo ya boraro, ya lesome le bobedi, le ya lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, go kopana le go kopana ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014b}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> Go fitlhelela seo, mme Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho [[LEGABIBO|wa LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo tshekong ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya setshaba. Mokgatlho o ne o gannwe go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le ga mmogo le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Merero ya Badiri le tsa Selegae, ka mabaka a gore go ratana ga bong go ne go se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho yo go ne go le kgatlhanong le tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore tsheko e, e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa tlhakanelodikobo, mme e ne e le ka ga gore a maloko a ka kgona go kokoanya le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014a}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotlatshekelokgolo o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha seo le go se letla go kopana go ne go gataka Molaomotheo, karolo ya boraro, ya lesome le bobedi, le ya lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, go kopana le go kopana ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014b}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_and_Macsuzy_Mondon,_September_2015.jpg|alt=Photograph of two seated women, attended by two witnesses standing beside them, signing documents on a table.|thumb| Ditona mme Dow le mme Macsuzy Mondon (Seychelles) ba baya monwana mo mokwalong wa Kutlwano wa lenaneo la kananyo ya barutabana, 2015]] == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> Go fitlhelela seo, mme Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho [[LEGABIBO|wa LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo tshekong ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya setshaba. Mokgatlho o ne o gannwe go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le ga mmogo le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Merero ya Badiri le tsa Selegae, ka mabaka a gore go ratana ga bong go ne go se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho yo go ne go le kgatlhanong le tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore tsheko e, e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa tlhakanelodikobo, mme e ne e le ka ga gore a maloko a ka kgona go kokoanya le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014a}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotlatshekelokgolo o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha seo le go se letla go kopana go ne go gataka Molaomotheo, karolo ya boraro, ya lesome le bobedi, le ya lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, go kopana le go kopana ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014b}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_and_Macsuzy_Mondon,_September_2015.jpg|alt=Photograph of two seated women, attended by two witnesses standing beside them, signing documents on a table.|thumb| Ditona mme Dow le mme Macsuzy Mondon (Seychelles) ba baya monwana mo mokwalong wa Kutlwano wa lenaneo la kananyo ya barutabana, 2015]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 2012, Dow o ne a tlhomiwa ke [[:en:United_Nations_Human_Rights_Council|Lekgotla la Ditshwanelo tsa Batho la Ditšhabakopano]] jaaka mongwe wa baitseanape ba le bararo ba ba ikemetseng go dira thomo ya go batlisisa dintlha ka ga ka moo mafelo a bodulo a Iseraele a West Bank a amang Bapalesetina ka teng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a tsena mo dipolotiking mme a tsenela lekoko la [[Phathi ya Tomokoraga|Botswana Democratic Party]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Sunday Standard|2012a}}</ref></ref> O ne a tsenela [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2014 (Botswana)|ditlhophokakaretso tsa 2014]] tsa Kgaolo ya Mochudi Bophirima, mme a seke a kgone go fenya setilo mo lekgotleng la [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Kokoano ya matona a puso]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Basimanebotlhe|2014}}</ref></ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2014, Dow o ne a tlhophiwa, mmogo le bontlhopheng ba bangwe ba le barataro, ke Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] wa Botswana jaaka leloko le le tlhophilweng ka tsela e e kgethegileng la palamente. Mmogo le [[Kenneth Matambo]], [[Kitso Mokaila]], le Eric Molale, o ne a fenya ditlhopho mme a tlhomiwa go nna Mothusa Tona wa Thuto mo pusong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Motsamai|2014}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mosikare|2014}}</ref></ref>. Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2015, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Bokgoni ke rre Khama, a tlhatlhama rre [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]], yo e neng e le mothusa-tautona wa lefatshe la Botswana ka nako e o.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Piet|2015}}</ref></ref> Ka nako ya fa a le mo Lephateng, Dow o ne a tlhoma lenaneo la go katisa barutabana go tswa kwa [[:en:Seychelles|Seychelles]] mo Botswana le go romela barutabana ba Batswana go ya go thusa Seychelles ka tlhaelo ya barutabana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bonnelame|2015}}</ref></ref> O ne a direla mo maemong a go fitlhelela ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ngwaga wa 2016, mo tlhakatlhakanong ya kabinete, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mmegi|2016b}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> Go fitlhelela seo, mme Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho [[LEGABIBO|wa LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo tshekong ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya setshaba. Mokgatlho o ne o gannwe go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le ga mmogo le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Merero ya Badiri le tsa Selegae, ka mabaka a gore go ratana ga bong go ne go se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho yo go ne go le kgatlhanong le tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore tsheko e, e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa tlhakanelodikobo, mme e ne e le ka ga gore a maloko a ka kgona go kokoanya le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014a}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotlatshekelokgolo o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha seo le go se letla go kopana go ne go gataka Molaomotheo, karolo ya boraro, ya lesome le bobedi, le ya lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, go kopana le go kopana ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014b}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_and_Macsuzy_Mondon,_September_2015.jpg|alt=Photograph of two seated women, attended by two witnesses standing beside them, signing documents on a table.|thumb| Ditona mme Dow le mme Macsuzy Mondon (Seychelles) ba baya monwana mo mokwalong wa Kutlwano wa lenaneo la kananyo ya barutabana, 2015]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 2012, Dow o ne a tlhomiwa ke [[:en:United_Nations_Human_Rights_Council|Lekgotla la Ditshwanelo tsa Batho la Ditšhabakopano]] jaaka mongwe wa baitseanape ba le bararo ba ba ikemetseng go dira thomo ya go batlisisa dintlha ka ga ka moo mafelo a bodulo a Iseraele a West Bank a amang Bapalesetina ka teng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a tsena mo dipolotiking mme a tsenela lekoko la [[Phathi ya Tomokoraga|Botswana Democratic Party]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Sunday Standard|2012a}}</ref></ref> O ne a tsenela [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2014 (Botswana)|ditlhophokakaretso tsa 2014]] tsa Kgaolo ya Mochudi Bophirima, mme a seke a kgone go fenya setilo mo lekgotleng la [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Kokoano ya matona a puso]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Basimanebotlhe|2014}}</ref></ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2014, Dow o ne a tlhophiwa, mmogo le bontlhopheng ba bangwe ba le barataro, ke Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] wa Botswana jaaka leloko le le tlhophilweng ka tsela e e kgethegileng la palamente. Mmogo le [[Kenneth Matambo]], [[Kitso Mokaila]], le Eric Molale, o ne a fenya ditlhopho mme a tlhomiwa go nna Mothusa Tona wa Thuto mo pusong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Motsamai|2014}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mosikare|2014}}</ref></ref>. Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2015, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Bokgoni ke rre Khama, a tlhatlhama rre [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]], yo e neng e le mothusa-tautona wa lefatshe la Botswana ka nako e o.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Piet|2015}}</ref></ref> Ka nako ya fa a le mo Lephateng, Dow o ne a tlhoma lenaneo la go katisa barutabana go tswa kwa [[:en:Seychelles|Seychelles]] mo Botswana le go romela barutabana ba Batswana go ya go thusa Seychelles ka tlhaelo ya barutabana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bonnelame|2015}}</ref></ref> O ne a direla mo maemong a go fitlhelela ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ngwaga wa 2016, mo tlhakatlhakanong ya kabinete, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mmegi|2016b}}</ref></ref> Morago ga gore rre Khama a tlogele maemo a botautona ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2018, Dow o ne a tlhatlosiwa ke tautona rre Masisi yo o neng a sa tswa go nna tautona go tswa kwa maemong a go nna tona ya Thuto go ya kwa maemong a go nna Tona ya lephata la dikago le tlhabololo ya matlo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mwakideu|2018}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gabathuse|2018}}</ref></ref>Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2018, mo go fetolweng ga Kabinete, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna [[:en:Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_International_Cooperation_(Botswana)|Tona ya Merero ya Boditšhabatšhaba le Tirisanommogo]], a fetola setilo sa gagwe sa dikago le tlhabololo ya matlo le rre Vincent Tina Seretse, yo o neng a tshwere Merero ya boditšhabatšhara pele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Morupisi|2018}}</ref></ref>Rre Masisi o ne a fenya maemo a botautona mo [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2019 (Botswana)|Ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa 2019]] mme a tlhomamisa mme Dow gape jaaka Tona ya Merero ya Boditšhabatšhaba le Tirisanommogo ya palamente ya lesome le bobedi ya lefatshe la Botswana..<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mmegi|2019}}</ref></ref>Mme Dow le bomorwadie Cheshe le Natasha, ba ne ba bula Dow Academy kwa Mochudi, mo kgaolong ya Kgatleng ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 2020. Sekolo se sa kgwebo se na le dithuto tse dipotlana le tse dikgolwane.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Luebering|2020}}</ref></ref>Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2020, Dow o ne a tlogela bodiredi jwa gagwe mme a tseelwa sebaka ke Lemogang Kwape mo pusong e ntšha.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Motlhoka|2020}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gabathuse|2020}}</ref></ref>Dow o ne a bua jaana ka go tsaya kgato e, "Jaaka tona o bua thata ka bodiredi jwa gago. Mme setilo se se kwa morago se go naya kgololesego ya go botsolotsa dikgang tse di farologaneng tse di amang setšhaba. Thibelo e le nngwe fela ke boemo jwa me jwa lekoko mo kgannyeng e e rileng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Motlhoka|2020}}</ref></ref> == Dikwalo == Ka ngwaga wa 2000, fa Dow a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dipolelo, go ne go na le bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba tlhagisitse dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela mafatshe a a kwa ntle ga Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref>Lengwe la mabaka a seo e ne e le kganetso e e feteletseng ya boeteledipele jwa lefatshe la Botswana gore batho-basweu ba kwa ga Mmamosadinyana ba kopanye lefatshe la bone le [[Aforika Borwa|Aferikaborwa]], se se neng sa dira gore go nne le kganetso ya go itshireletsa kgatlhanong le tumelo ya [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|kopano ya mafatshe a Aferika]] go ne ga boa gape ga nna le go tlhoka peeletso mo dikgwebong tsa koketso-madi a setšhaba le mo tlhabololong ya thuto. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=34, 36}}</ref></ref> Mefuta ya dibuka tsa gagwe ka bobedi ba tsone go akaretsa tse e seng tsa dipolelo le tsa dipolelo di kopanya dintlhana tsa dikgang tse di amanang le setšhaba ga mmogo le tsa semolao e bile di supa ditlamorago tsa tsone mo go tsa bong le tsa ga mmogo le kabisano ya dithata.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=35}}</ref></ref> . Dibuka dingwe le dingwe tsa ga Dow di sekaseka mekgwa ya setšhaba e e bakang go sa lekalekane ga dikamano tsa dithata le go tlhotlheletsa [[:en:Domestic_violence|tiriso-dikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi]], [[:en:Child_sexual_abuse|tirisobotlhaswa ya bana,]] [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Africa#Southern_Africa|mathata a segajaja sa AIDS]], le [[:en:Gender_inequality|go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> Baanelwa mo dipolelong tsa gagwe ba dirisa mokgwa wa go akanya yo o tlwaelesegileng go ganetsa mekgwa ya ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ka fa ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa ngwao.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=153}}</ref></ref> == Dikwalo == Ka ngwaga wa 2000, fa Dow a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dipolelo, go ne go na le bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba tlhagisitse dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela mafatshe a a kwa ntle ga Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref>Lengwe la mabaka a seo e ne e le kganetso e e feteletseng ya boeteledipele jwa lefatshe la Botswana gore batho-basweu ba kwa ga Mmamosadinyana ba kopanye lefatshe la bone le [[Aforika Borwa|Aferikaborwa]], se se neng sa dira gore go nne le kganetso ya go itshireletsa kgatlhanong le tumelo ya [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|kopano ya mafatshe a Aferika]] go ne ga boa gape ga nna le go tlhoka peeletso mo dikgwebong tsa koketso-madi a setšhaba le mo tlhabololong ya thuto. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=34, 36}}</ref></ref> Mefuta ya dibuka tsa gagwe ka bobedi ba tsone go akaretsa tse e seng tsa dipolelo le tsa dipolelo di kopanya dintlhana tsa dikgang tse di amanang le setšhaba ga mmogo le tsa semolao e bile di supa ditlamorago tsa tsone mo go tsa bong le tsa ga mmogo le kabisano ya dithata.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=35}}</ref></ref> . Dibuka dingwe le dingwe tsa ga Dow di sekaseka mekgwa ya setšhaba e e bakang go sa lekalekane ga dikamano tsa dithata le go tlhotlheletsa [[:en:Domestic_violence|tiriso-dikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi]], [[:en:Child_sexual_abuse|tirisobotlhaswa ya bana,]] [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Africa#Southern_Africa|mathata a segajaja sa AIDS]], le [[:en:Gender_inequality|go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> Baanelwa mo dipolelong tsa gagwe ba dirisa mokgwa wa go akanya yo o tlwaelesegileng go ganetsa mekgwa ya ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ka fa ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa ngwao.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=153}}</ref></ref> Mo pading ya gagwe ya ntlha ya leina la '<nowiki/>''Far and Beyon′'' ya ngwaga wa 2000, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma mogopolo mo setlhogong se se botlhokwa sa leroborobo la bolwetsi jwa AIDS le ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka mo malwapeng, bogolo jang ka fa basadi ba ba tshelang mo setšhabeng se se dumelang mo ketelelongpele ke batho ba borre ba tshelang ka teng mo malwapeng a a se nang borre ka ntlha ya tshenyo e e bakileng mo magaeng a lefatshe la Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Leder Macharia|2012|p=249}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=40}}</ref></ref> E sekaseka melelwane e mekgwa ya setso, dingwao le metheo e e bayang mo basetsaneng ga mmogo le mo basading ka go dirisa dipopego tse di ikaegileng ka ketelelo pele ya banna.<ref name=":0" />Mo polelong e o, Mara, e bong mmè yo o sa itseng go bala le go kwala e bile a sa kgone go itshedisa, o setse a tsile a nyalwa ke monna a le mongwe a bo a tlhokafalelwa ke bana ba gagwe ba le babedi ka ntlha ya bolwetsi jwa AIDS, monna yo mongwe o ne a mo tlogela, mme monna wa gagwe wa boraro o ne a mo sotlaka.<ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0" />Mara o ne a amanya go swa ga bana ba gagwe le mmaba mongwe yo o fitlhegileng mme a batla dikarabo mo go bo [[:en:Divination|nkadilatlha]]. Le fa morwadie, wa leina la Mosadi, yo ka tlwaelo a itsegeng e le Mosa, le ngwana wa gagwe wa mosimane yo o setseng, e bong Stan, ba sa dumele gore a nkadilatlha o ka tlhalosa gore ke eng fa bokgaitsadie ba tlhokafetse, ba diragatsa fela dithomo tse ba di laetsweng. <ref name=":1" /> Fa Mosa a lemoga gore o mo mmeleng ebile o latlhilwe ke rraagwe ngwana, o tsaya tshwetso ya gore a senye mpa mo sephiring, go na le go imetsa mmaagwe yo o setseng a lebaganwe ke mathata.<ref name=":0" /> Mo maitekong a go fodisa lelwapa la gagwe, Mosa o sekaseka mekgwa ya tlwaelo e e kgaoganyang banna le basadi e bo e tsholeletsa megopolo ya borre kwa godimo, e ruta basadi go itlhokomolosa ditselana tse ba kgopisiwang ka tsone e bile ba sa tsewe sentle.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=41}}</ref></ref> Se e le tsela ya go fetlha boikanyo mo lelwapeng la gabone le mo setsong sa lefatshe la gabone, Mosa o ithuta go gana go amogela maitsholo a a sa lolamang mo tikologong ya gabone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref>Ka tsela e, mme Dow o ne a sekaseka ka moo go ineela ga setšhaba le go didimala ka diphoso mo setšhabeng go bakang tlhakatlhakano ya megopolo le go tiriso-botlhaswa ya batho ba ba se nang dithata ke ba ba nang le dithata go ba feta.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=38–40}}</ref></ref> == Dikwalo == Ka ngwaga wa 2000, fa Dow a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dipolelo, go ne go na le bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba tlhagisitse dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela mafatshe a a kwa ntle ga Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref>Lengwe la mabaka a seo e ne e le kganetso e e feteletseng ya boeteledipele jwa lefatshe la Botswana gore batho-basweu ba kwa ga Mmamosadinyana ba kopanye lefatshe la bone le [[Aforika Borwa|Aferikaborwa]], se se neng sa dira gore go nne le kganetso ya go itshireletsa kgatlhanong le tumelo ya [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|kopano ya mafatshe a Aferika]] go ne ga boa gape ga nna le go tlhoka peeletso mo dikgwebong tsa koketso-madi a setšhaba le mo tlhabololong ya thuto. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=34, 36}}</ref></ref> Mefuta ya dibuka tsa gagwe ka bobedi ba tsone go akaretsa tse e seng tsa dipolelo le tsa dipolelo di kopanya dintlhana tsa dikgang tse di amanang le setšhaba ga mmogo le tsa semolao e bile di supa ditlamorago tsa tsone mo go tsa bong le tsa ga mmogo le kabisano ya dithata.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref><ref name=":2"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=35}}</ref></ref> . Dibuka dingwe le dingwe tsa ga Dow di sekaseka mekgwa ya setšhaba e e bakang go sa lekalekane ga dikamano tsa dithata le go tlhotlheletsa [[:en:Domestic_violence|tiriso-dikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi]], [[:en:Child_sexual_abuse|tirisobotlhaswa ya bana,]] [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Africa#Southern_Africa|mathata a segajaja sa AIDS]], le [[:en:Gender_inequality|go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> Baanelwa mo dipolelong tsa gagwe ba dirisa mokgwa wa go akanya yo o tlwaelesegileng go ganetsa mekgwa ya ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ka fa ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa ngwao.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=153}}</ref></ref> Mo pading ya gagwe ya ntlha ya leina la '<nowiki/>''Far and Beyon′'' ya ngwaga wa 2000, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma mogopolo mo setlhogong se se botlhokwa sa leroborobo la bolwetsi jwa AIDS le ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka mo malwapeng, bogolo jang ka fa basadi ba ba tshelang mo setšhabeng se se dumelang mo ketelelongpele ke batho ba borre ba tshelang ka teng mo malwapeng a a se nang borre ka ntlha ya tshenyo e e bakileng mo magaeng a lefatshe la Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Leder Macharia|2012|p=249}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=40}}</ref></ref> E sekaseka melelwane e mekgwa ya setso, dingwao le metheo e e bayang mo basetsaneng ga mmogo le mo basading ka go dirisa dipopego tse di ikaegileng ka ketelelo pele ya banna.<ref name=":0" />Mo polelong e o, Mara, e bong mmè yo o sa itseng go bala le go kwala e bile a sa kgone go itshedisa, o setse a tsile a nyalwa ke monna a le mongwe a bo a tlhokafalelwa ke bana ba gagwe ba le babedi ka ntlha ya bolwetsi jwa AIDS, monna yo mongwe o ne a mo tlogela, mme monna wa gagwe wa boraro o ne a mo sotlaka.<ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0" />Mara o ne a amanya go swa ga bana ba gagwe le mmaba mongwe yo o fitlhegileng mme a batla dikarabo mo go bo [[:en:Divination|nkadilatlha]]. Le fa morwadie, wa leina la Mosadi, yo ka tlwaelo a itsegeng e le Mosa, le ngwana wa gagwe wa mosimane yo o setseng, e bong Stan, ba sa dumele gore a nkadilatlha o ka tlhalosa gore ke eng fa bokgaitsadie ba tlhokafetse, ba diragatsa fela dithomo tse ba di laetsweng. <ref name=":1" /> Fa Mosa a lemoga gore o mo mmeleng ebile o latlhilwe ke rraagwe ngwana, o tsaya tshwetso ya gore a senye mpa mo sephiring, go na le go imetsa mmaagwe yo o setseng a lebaganwe ke mathata.<ref name=":0" /> Mo maitekong a go fodisa lelwapa la gagwe, Mosa o sekaseka mekgwa ya tlwaelo e e kgaoganyang banna le basadi e bo e tsholeletsa megopolo ya borre kwa godimo, e ruta basadi go itlhokomolosa ditselana tse ba kgopisiwang ka tsone e bile ba sa tsewe sentle.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=41}}</ref></ref> Se e le tsela ya go fetlha boikanyo mo lelwapeng la gabone le mo setsong sa lefatshe la gabone, Mosa o ithuta go gana go amogela maitsholo a a sa lolamang mo tikologong ya gabone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref>Ka tsela e, mme Dow o ne a sekaseka ka moo go ineela ga setšhaba le go didimala ka diphoso mo setšhabeng go bakang tlhakatlhakano ya megopolo le go tiriso-botlhaswa ya batho ba ba se nang dithata ke ba ba nang le dithata go ba feta.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=38–40}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|alt=Photograph of asmiling African woman wearing a grey tweed jacket over a white v-necked blouse with a purple scarf and beaded necklace around her neck.|thumb| Mme Dow ka ngwaga wa 2011]] Melaetsa e e tshwanang e tsentswe mo pading ya bobedi ya ga Dow ya setlhogo sa '<nowiki/>''The Screaming of the Innocent'' ' ya ngwaga wa 2001, e le yone e sekasekang thatafatso ya basadi mo lefatsheng le le tletseng bonweenwee jwa mapodisi, dipolao tsa ditlhabelo tsa bongaka ba setso, diphiri mo metheong ya lefatshe ga mmogo le tidimalo ya setšhaba mo dikgannyeng tse.<ref name=":2" /> Fa a sekaseka mokgwa wa setso wa ''dipheko'', wa go bolaya motho go gopela dirwe tsa gagwe ka ntlha ya lesego le katlego e a nang le yone go ya ka tumelo ya maselamotse , Dow o supa ka fa bahumi le batho ba ba nang le dithata ba tshwarang baagedi ba metseselegae ba ba sa rutegang ka teng le ka fa ba rekang tidimalo ya ba ba mo maemong a molao ka teng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=40–41}}</ref></ref> Mo bukeng e, mosetsana mongwe o mmotlana o bolawa mo [[The bush|sekgweng]] gaufi le motse wa gaabo mme tshedimosetso ka ga tsheko e o e gateletswe ke mapodisi le banna ba ba nang le dithata tse di rileng ba lefelo la gabone. Go kgaoganngwa ga gagwe go fitlhegile mo pading jaaka sesupo sa go tlhoka go lemogiwa ga ditiro tse di ntseng jalo mo setšhabeng ka kakaretso.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref> Moanelwamogolo, e bong Amantle Bokaa, yo o wetsang [[:en:National_service|tirelo ya gagwe ya setshaba]], o ribolola diaparo tse di tletseng madi mo lebokosong la kokelwana e a abetsweng go berekela kwa go yone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=42–43}}</ref></ref>Diaparo tseo ke tsa motho yo o kileng a tlhaselwa pelenyana, mme fa di tlhagisiwa mo bathong ba motse di tsosa maitemogelo a gore ntlha e o ba ne ba e fitlhetswe. Ka go nne batho ba motse ba ne ba dumela gore Bokaa o ka seke a lebiwe ka tsela e e sa siamang e ba ba mo maemong a a rileng ba ba tshwarang ka yone, o tlhophiwa go bua le mapodisi mo boemong jwa batho ba motse.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=43}}</ref></ref>Ka lebaka la gore ke mosadi e bile ke ngwana, o ne a tlaa lebega a se na maatla, mme dithutego tsa gagwe, tse di neng tsa mo ruta bokgoni jwa go lebagana le baganetsi le go botsolosa ditumelo, di mo fa maatla le go itshepa go ka gwetlha molao wa tidimalo ga mmogo le dikgoreletsi tsa setshaba tse di emeng kgatlhanong le ene.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=43}}</ref></ref> <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=23}}</ref></ref>Tiro ya ga Dow ga e tlhome mogopolo fela mo dikamanong tsa dithata, mme e tlhoma mogopolo mo go tshoseng ga dipolao tsa dipheko le [[Femicide|dipolao tsa basadi]]. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=27}}</ref></ref>O tlhalosa sentle tumelo ya gagwe ya gore bomme e tlaa nna bone ba ba okameng diphetogo mo melaong ya go fedisa ditiro tse di ntseng jalo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=32}}</ref></ref> == Dikwalo == Ka ngwaga wa 2000, fa Dow a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dipolelo, go ne go na le bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba tlhagisitse dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela mafatshe a a kwa ntle ga Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref>Lengwe la mabaka a seo e ne e le kganetso e e feteletseng ya boeteledipele jwa lefatshe la Botswana gore batho-basweu ba kwa ga Mmamosadinyana ba kopanye lefatshe la bone le [[Aforika Borwa|Aferikaborwa]], se se neng sa dira gore go nne le kganetso ya go itshireletsa kgatlhanong le tumelo ya [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|kopano ya mafatshe a Aferika]] go ne ga boa gape ga nna le go tlhoka peeletso mo dikgwebong tsa koketso-madi a setšhaba le mo tlhabololong ya thuto. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=34, 36}}</ref></ref> Mefuta ya dibuka tsa gagwe ka bobedi ba tsone go akaretsa tse e seng tsa dipolelo le tsa dipolelo di kopanya dintlhana tsa dikgang tse di amanang le setšhaba ga mmogo le tsa semolao e bile di supa ditlamorago tsa tsone mo go tsa bong le tsa ga mmogo le kabisano ya dithata.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref><ref name=":2"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=35}}</ref></ref> . Dibuka dingwe le dingwe tsa ga Dow di sekaseka mekgwa ya setšhaba e e bakang go sa lekalekane ga dikamano tsa dithata le go tlhotlheletsa [[:en:Domestic_violence|tiriso-dikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi]], [[:en:Child_sexual_abuse|tirisobotlhaswa ya bana,]] [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Africa#Southern_Africa|mathata a segajaja sa AIDS]], le [[:en:Gender_inequality|go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> Baanelwa mo dipolelong tsa gagwe ba dirisa mokgwa wa go akanya yo o tlwaelesegileng go ganetsa mekgwa ya ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ka fa ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa ngwao.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=153}}</ref></ref> Mo pading ya gagwe ya ntlha ya leina la '<nowiki/>''Far and Beyon′'' ya ngwaga wa 2000, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma mogopolo mo setlhogong se se botlhokwa sa leroborobo la bolwetsi jwa AIDS le ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka mo malwapeng, bogolo jang ka fa basadi ba ba tshelang mo setšhabeng se se dumelang mo ketelelongpele ke batho ba borre ba tshelang ka teng mo malwapeng a a se nang borre ka ntlha ya tshenyo e e bakileng mo magaeng a lefatshe la Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Leder Macharia|2012|p=249}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=40}}</ref></ref> E sekaseka melelwane e mekgwa ya setso, dingwao le metheo e e bayang mo basetsaneng ga mmogo le mo basading ka go dirisa dipopego tse di ikaegileng ka ketelelo pele ya banna.<ref name=":0" />Mo polelong e o, Mara, e bong mmè yo o sa itseng go bala le go kwala e bile a sa kgone go itshedisa, o setse a tsile a nyalwa ke monna a le mongwe a bo a tlhokafalelwa ke bana ba gagwe ba le babedi ka ntlha ya bolwetsi jwa AIDS, monna yo mongwe o ne a mo tlogela, mme monna wa gagwe wa boraro o ne a mo sotlaka.<ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0" />Mara o ne a amanya go swa ga bana ba gagwe le mmaba mongwe yo o fitlhegileng mme a batla dikarabo mo go bo [[:en:Divination|nkadilatlha]]. Le fa morwadie, wa leina la Mosadi, yo ka tlwaelo a itsegeng e le Mosa, le ngwana wa gagwe wa mosimane yo o setseng, e bong Stan, ba sa dumele gore a nkadilatlha o ka tlhalosa gore ke eng fa bokgaitsadie ba tlhokafetse, ba diragatsa fela dithomo tse ba di laetsweng. <ref name=":1" /> Fa Mosa a lemoga gore o mo mmeleng ebile o latlhilwe ke rraagwe ngwana, o tsaya tshwetso ya gore a senye mpa mo sephiring, go na le go imetsa mmaagwe yo o setseng a lebaganwe ke mathata.<ref name=":0" /> Mo maitekong a go fodisa lelwapa la gagwe, Mosa o sekaseka mekgwa ya tlwaelo e e kgaoganyang banna le basadi e bo e tsholeletsa megopolo ya borre kwa godimo, e ruta basadi go itlhokomolosa ditselana tse ba kgopisiwang ka tsone e bile ba sa tsewe sentle.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=41}}</ref></ref> Se e le tsela ya go fetlha boikanyo mo lelwapeng la gabone le mo setsong sa lefatshe la gabone, Mosa o ithuta go gana go amogela maitsholo a a sa lolamang mo tikologong ya gabone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref>Ka tsela e, mme Dow o ne a sekaseka ka moo go ineela ga setšhaba le go didimala ka diphoso mo setšhabeng go bakang tlhakatlhakano ya megopolo le go tiriso-botlhaswa ya batho ba ba se nang dithata ke ba ba nang le dithata go ba feta.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=38–40}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|alt=Photograph of asmiling African woman wearing a grey tweed jacket over a white v-necked blouse with a purple scarf and beaded necklace around her neck.|thumb| Mme Dow ka ngwaga wa 2011]] Melaetsa e e tshwanang e tsentswe mo pading ya bobedi ya ga Dow ya setlhogo sa '<nowiki/>''The Screaming of the Innocent'' ' ya ngwaga wa 2001, e le yone e sekasekang thatafatso ya basadi mo lefatsheng le le tletseng bonweenwee jwa mapodisi, dipolao tsa ditlhabelo tsa bongaka ba setso, diphiri mo metheong ya lefatshe ga mmogo le tidimalo ya setšhaba mo dikgannyeng tse.<ref name=":2" /> Fa a sekaseka mokgwa wa setso wa ''dipheko'', wa go bolaya motho go gopela dirwe tsa gagwe ka ntlha ya lesego le katlego e a nang le yone go ya ka tumelo ya maselamotse , Dow o supa ka fa bahumi le batho ba ba nang le dithata ba tshwarang baagedi ba metseselegae ba ba sa rutegang ka teng le ka fa ba rekang tidimalo ya ba ba mo maemong a molao ka teng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=40–41}}</ref></ref> Mo bukeng e, mosetsana mongwe o mmotlana o bolawa mo [[The bush|sekgweng]] gaufi le motse wa gaabo mme tshedimosetso ka ga tsheko e o e gateletswe ke mapodisi le banna ba ba nang le dithata tse di rileng ba lefelo la gabone. Go kgaoganngwa ga gagwe go fitlhegile mo pading jaaka sesupo sa go tlhoka go lemogiwa ga ditiro tse di ntseng jalo mo setšhabeng ka kakaretso.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref> Moanelwamogolo, e bong Amantle Bokaa, yo o wetsang [[:en:National_service|tirelo ya gagwe ya setshaba]], o ribolola diaparo tse di tletseng madi mo lebokosong la kokelwana e a abetsweng go berekela kwa go yone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=42–43}}</ref></ref>Diaparo tseo ke tsa motho yo o kileng a tlhaselwa pelenyana, mme fa di tlhagisiwa mo bathong ba motse di tsosa maitemogelo a gore ntlha e o ba ne ba e fitlhetswe. Ka go nne batho ba motse ba ne ba dumela gore Bokaa o ka seke a lebiwe ka tsela e e sa siamang e ba ba mo maemong a a rileng ba ba tshwarang ka yone, o tlhophiwa go bua le mapodisi mo boemong jwa batho ba motse.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=43}}</ref></ref>Ka lebaka la gore ke mosadi e bile ke ngwana, o ne a tlaa lebega a se na maatla, mme dithutego tsa gagwe, tse di neng tsa mo ruta bokgoni jwa go lebagana le baganetsi le go botsolosa ditumelo, di mo fa maatla le go itshepa go ka gwetlha molao wa tidimalo ga mmogo le dikgoreletsi tsa setshaba tse di emeng kgatlhanong le ene.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=43}}</ref></ref> <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=23}}</ref></ref>Tiro ya ga Dow ga e tlhome mogopolo fela mo dikamanong tsa dithata, mme e tlhoma mogopolo mo go tshoseng ga dipolao tsa dipheko le [[Femicide|dipolao tsa basadi]]. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=27}}</ref></ref>O tlhalosa sentle tumelo ya gagwe ya gore bomme e tlaa nna bone ba ba okameng diphetogo mo melaong ya go fedisa ditiro tse di ntseng jalo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=32}}</ref></ref> ''Buka ya Far and Beyon′'' e ne ya gatisiwa la ntlha mo Botswana mme morago ga moo ya gatisiwa kwa Australia. ''Buka ya 'The Screaming of the Innocent' e'' ne ya gatisiwa la ntlha kwa Australia mme ga gatisiwa gape kwa Aferikaborwa ka ngwaga wa 2003. Padi ya gagwe ya boraro, ya setlhogo sa ''Juggling Truths'', e ne ya gatisiwa mo ngwageng yo o kwa Australia mme ya gololwa mo ngwageng o o latelang kwa Aferika Borwa. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=36}}</ref></ref> Dow o ne a sekaseka gape mekgwa ya setso le ditlwaelo tsa setshaba tse di sa lolamang a bo a tswa ka maano a go di lwantsha. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref> Le fa a ne a sekaseka setšhaba sa Aferika mo nakong e e fetileng le dikgang tse di bakilweng ke go ganetsana le ditiro tsa segompieno tsa letso la batho-basweu le setso sa selegae, tiro e, e itebagantse thata le go lekalekanya mekgwa e e siameng le e e sa siamang mo setsong sa selegae. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|pp=38–39}}</ref></ref> Ka go dirisa moanelwa, Monei, yo e leng mosetsana yo mmotlana yo o nnang mo motseng wa selegae, Dow o sekaseka dingwao tse di fetedisitsweng mo dikokomaneng le tiriso ya mainane jaaka tsela ya go tsenya dikaelo tsa maitsholo le jaaka taolo ya botho jwa bana. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|M'Raijii|2017|p=77}}</ref></ref>Buka e o e botsa dipotso ka dikgang go akaretsa ditumelo tsa gore go bolaya [[:en:Monitor_lizard|kgwathe]] go dira gore go nne le ditsuatsue tse di tlhorontshang, gore go nna tsala le motho yo o nang le [[:en:Albinism|boswafe]] go dira gore motho a se ka a nna lesego, kgotsa gore go nwa motlhapo wa poo go ka thusa motho go ithuta go letsa molodi. Gape e akaretsa dipolelo tsa setshedi se se tona se se kometsang bana ga mmogo le moruti yo o itseelang dikobo ka dikgoka mo basetsaneng ba botlana. Melaetsa e e mo polelong e, e golaganya ''Juggling Truths'' le dipadi tse pedi tsa ntlha tsa ga Dow mme e akantsha batho gore basetsana le basadi ba kgona go tlhabolola maatla a bone ka thuto e bile ba kgona go ikakanyetsa. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|M'Raijii|2017|p=77}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=45}}</ref></ref>. Dow o atamela tshekatsheko ya gagwe ya go raraana ga dipopego tsa setshaba a dirisa ditsereganyo tse di farologaneng, a lemoga gore ga go na ditharabololo tse di bonolo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=39}}</ref></ref> ''Buka ya Juggling Truths'' e ne e le motlhophiwa wa [[Percy FitzPatrick Award|Mokgele wa Percy FitzPatrick]] mo setlhopheng sa bagolo ba ba botlana ka ngwaga wa 2006.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=149}}</ref></ref> == Dikwalo == Ka ngwaga wa 2000, fa Dow a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dipolelo, go ne go na le bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba tlhagisitse dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela mafatshe a a kwa ntle ga Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref>Lengwe la mabaka a seo e ne e le kganetso e e feteletseng ya boeteledipele jwa lefatshe la Botswana gore batho-basweu ba kwa ga Mmamosadinyana ba kopanye lefatshe la bone le [[Aforika Borwa|Aferikaborwa]], se se neng sa dira gore go nne le kganetso ya go itshireletsa kgatlhanong le tumelo ya [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|kopano ya mafatshe a Aferika]] go ne ga boa gape ga nna le go tlhoka peeletso mo dikgwebong tsa koketso-madi a setšhaba le mo tlhabololong ya thuto. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=34, 36}}</ref></ref> Mefuta ya dibuka tsa gagwe ka bobedi ba tsone go akaretsa tse e seng tsa dipolelo le tsa dipolelo di kopanya dintlhana tsa dikgang tse di amanang le setšhaba ga mmogo le tsa semolao e bile di supa ditlamorago tsa tsone mo go tsa bong le tsa ga mmogo le kabisano ya dithata.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref><ref name=":2"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=35}}</ref></ref> . Dibuka dingwe le dingwe tsa ga Dow di sekaseka mekgwa ya setšhaba e e bakang go sa lekalekane ga dikamano tsa dithata le go tlhotlheletsa [[:en:Domestic_violence|tiriso-dikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi]], [[:en:Child_sexual_abuse|tirisobotlhaswa ya bana,]] [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Africa#Southern_Africa|mathata a segajaja sa AIDS]], le [[:en:Gender_inequality|go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> Baanelwa mo dipolelong tsa gagwe ba dirisa mokgwa wa go akanya yo o tlwaelesegileng go ganetsa mekgwa ya ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ka fa ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa ngwao.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=153}}</ref></ref> Mo pading ya gagwe ya ntlha ya leina la '<nowiki/>''Far and Beyon′'' ya ngwaga wa 2000, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma mogopolo mo setlhogong se se botlhokwa sa leroborobo la bolwetsi jwa AIDS le ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka mo malwapeng, bogolo jang ka fa basadi ba ba tshelang mo setšhabeng se se dumelang mo ketelelongpele ke batho ba borre ba tshelang ka teng mo malwapeng a a se nang borre ka ntlha ya tshenyo e e bakileng mo magaeng a lefatshe la Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Leder Macharia|2012|p=249}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=40}}</ref></ref> E sekaseka melelwane e mekgwa ya setso, dingwao le metheo e e bayang mo basetsaneng ga mmogo le mo basading ka go dirisa dipopego tse di ikaegileng ka ketelelo pele ya banna.<ref name=":0" />Mo polelong e o, Mara, e bong mmè yo o sa itseng go bala le go kwala e bile a sa kgone go itshedisa, o setse a tsile a nyalwa ke monna a le mongwe a bo a tlhokafalelwa ke bana ba gagwe ba le babedi ka ntlha ya bolwetsi jwa AIDS, monna yo mongwe o ne a mo tlogela, mme monna wa gagwe wa boraro o ne a mo sotlaka.<ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0" />Mara o ne a amanya go swa ga bana ba gagwe le mmaba mongwe yo o fitlhegileng mme a batla dikarabo mo go bo [[:en:Divination|nkadilatlha]]. Le fa morwadie, wa leina la Mosadi, yo ka tlwaelo a itsegeng e le Mosa, le ngwana wa gagwe wa mosimane yo o setseng, e bong Stan, ba sa dumele gore a nkadilatlha o ka tlhalosa gore ke eng fa bokgaitsadie ba tlhokafetse, ba diragatsa fela dithomo tse ba di laetsweng. <ref name=":1" /> Fa Mosa a lemoga gore o mo mmeleng ebile o latlhilwe ke rraagwe ngwana, o tsaya tshwetso ya gore a senye mpa mo sephiring, go na le go imetsa mmaagwe yo o setseng a lebaganwe ke mathata.<ref name=":0" /> Mo maitekong a go fodisa lelwapa la gagwe, Mosa o sekaseka mekgwa ya tlwaelo e e kgaoganyang banna le basadi e bo e tsholeletsa megopolo ya borre kwa godimo, e ruta basadi go itlhokomolosa ditselana tse ba kgopisiwang ka tsone e bile ba sa tsewe sentle.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=41}}</ref></ref> Se e le tsela ya go fetlha boikanyo mo lelwapeng la gabone le mo setsong sa lefatshe la gabone, Mosa o ithuta go gana go amogela maitsholo a a sa lolamang mo tikologong ya gabone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref>Ka tsela e, mme Dow o ne a sekaseka ka moo go ineela ga setšhaba le go didimala ka diphoso mo setšhabeng go bakang tlhakatlhakano ya megopolo le go tiriso-botlhaswa ya batho ba ba se nang dithata ke ba ba nang le dithata go ba feta.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=38–40}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|alt=Photograph of asmiling African woman wearing a grey tweed jacket over a white v-necked blouse with a purple scarf and beaded necklace around her neck.|thumb| Mme Dow ka ngwaga wa 2011]] Melaetsa e e tshwanang e tsentswe mo pading ya bobedi ya ga Dow ya setlhogo sa '<nowiki/>''The Screaming of the Innocent'' ' ya ngwaga wa 2001, e le yone e sekasekang thatafatso ya basadi mo lefatsheng le le tletseng bonweenwee jwa mapodisi, dipolao tsa ditlhabelo tsa bongaka ba setso, diphiri mo metheong ya lefatshe ga mmogo le tidimalo ya setšhaba mo dikgannyeng tse.<ref name=":2" /> Fa a sekaseka mokgwa wa setso wa ''dipheko'', wa go bolaya motho go gopela dirwe tsa gagwe ka ntlha ya lesego le katlego e a nang le yone go ya ka tumelo ya maselamotse , Dow o supa ka fa bahumi le batho ba ba nang le dithata ba tshwarang baagedi ba metseselegae ba ba sa rutegang ka teng le ka fa ba rekang tidimalo ya ba ba mo maemong a molao ka teng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=40–41}}</ref></ref> Mo bukeng e, mosetsana mongwe o mmotlana o bolawa mo [[The bush|sekgweng]] gaufi le motse wa gaabo mme tshedimosetso ka ga tsheko e o e gateletswe ke mapodisi le banna ba ba nang le dithata tse di rileng ba lefelo la gabone. Go kgaoganngwa ga gagwe go fitlhegile mo pading jaaka sesupo sa go tlhoka go lemogiwa ga ditiro tse di ntseng jalo mo setšhabeng ka kakaretso.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref> Moanelwamogolo, e bong Amantle Bokaa, yo o wetsang [[:en:National_service|tirelo ya gagwe ya setshaba]], o ribolola diaparo tse di tletseng madi mo lebokosong la kokelwana e a abetsweng go berekela kwa go yone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=42–43}}</ref></ref>Diaparo tseo ke tsa motho yo o kileng a tlhaselwa pelenyana, mme fa di tlhagisiwa mo bathong ba motse di tsosa maitemogelo a gore ntlha e o ba ne ba e fitlhetswe. Ka go nne batho ba motse ba ne ba dumela gore Bokaa o ka seke a lebiwe ka tsela e e sa siamang e ba ba mo maemong a a rileng ba ba tshwarang ka yone, o tlhophiwa go bua le mapodisi mo boemong jwa batho ba motse.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=43}}</ref></ref>Ka lebaka la gore ke mosadi e bile ke ngwana, o ne a tlaa lebega a se na maatla, mme dithutego tsa gagwe, tse di neng tsa mo ruta bokgoni jwa go lebagana le baganetsi le go botsolosa ditumelo, di mo fa maatla le go itshepa go ka gwetlha molao wa tidimalo ga mmogo le dikgoreletsi tsa setshaba tse di emeng kgatlhanong le ene.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=43}}</ref></ref> <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=23}}</ref></ref>Tiro ya ga Dow ga e tlhome mogopolo fela mo dikamanong tsa dithata, mme e tlhoma mogopolo mo go tshoseng ga dipolao tsa dipheko le [[Femicide|dipolao tsa basadi]]. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=27}}</ref></ref>O tlhalosa sentle tumelo ya gagwe ya gore bomme e tlaa nna bone ba ba okameng diphetogo mo melaong ya go fedisa ditiro tse di ntseng jalo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=32}}</ref></ref> ''Buka ya Far and Beyon′'' e ne ya gatisiwa la ntlha mo Botswana mme morago ga moo ya gatisiwa kwa Australia. ''Buka ya 'The Screaming of the Innocent' e'' ne ya gatisiwa la ntlha kwa Australia mme ga gatisiwa gape kwa Aferikaborwa ka ngwaga wa 2003. Padi ya gagwe ya boraro, ya setlhogo sa ''Juggling Truths'', e ne ya gatisiwa mo ngwageng yo o kwa Australia mme ya gololwa mo ngwageng o o latelang kwa Aferika Borwa. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=36}}</ref></ref> Dow o ne a sekaseka gape mekgwa ya setso le ditlwaelo tsa setshaba tse di sa lolamang a bo a tswa ka maano a go di lwantsha. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref> Le fa a ne a sekaseka setšhaba sa Aferika mo nakong e e fetileng le dikgang tse di bakilweng ke go ganetsana le ditiro tsa segompieno tsa letso la batho-basweu le setso sa selegae, tiro e, e itebagantse thata le go lekalekanya mekgwa e e siameng le e e sa siamang mo setsong sa selegae. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|pp=38–39}}</ref></ref> Ka go dirisa moanelwa, Monei, yo e leng mosetsana yo mmotlana yo o nnang mo motseng wa selegae, Dow o sekaseka dingwao tse di fetedisitsweng mo dikokomaneng le tiriso ya mainane jaaka tsela ya go tsenya dikaelo tsa maitsholo le jaaka taolo ya botho jwa bana. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|M'Raijii|2017|p=77}}</ref></ref>Buka e o e botsa dipotso ka dikgang go akaretsa ditumelo tsa gore go bolaya [[:en:Monitor_lizard|kgwathe]] go dira gore go nne le ditsuatsue tse di tlhorontshang, gore go nna tsala le motho yo o nang le [[:en:Albinism|boswafe]] go dira gore motho a se ka a nna lesego, kgotsa gore go nwa motlhapo wa poo go ka thusa motho go ithuta go letsa molodi. Gape e akaretsa dipolelo tsa setshedi se se tona se se kometsang bana ga mmogo le moruti yo o itseelang dikobo ka dikgoka mo basetsaneng ba botlana. Melaetsa e e mo polelong e, e golaganya ''Juggling Truths'' le dipadi tse pedi tsa ntlha tsa ga Dow mme e akantsha batho gore basetsana le basadi ba kgona go tlhabolola maatla a bone ka thuto e bile ba kgona go ikakanyetsa. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|M'Raijii|2017|p=77}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=45}}</ref></ref>. Dow o atamela tshekatsheko ya gagwe ya go raraana ga dipopego tsa setshaba a dirisa ditsereganyo tse di farologaneng, a lemoga gore ga go na ditharabololo tse di bonolo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=39}}</ref></ref> ''Buka ya Juggling Truths'' e ne e le motlhophiwa wa [[Percy FitzPatrick Award|Mokgele wa Percy FitzPatrick]] mo setlhopheng sa bagolo ba ba botlana ka ngwaga wa 2006.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=149}}</ref></ref> Buka ya ga Dow ya ngwaga wa 2007 ya setlhogo sa '<nowiki/>''The Heavens May Fall'<nowiki/>'' e bua ka boitshupo jo bo fetogang go tswa mo setšhabeng se se remeletseng mo ditumelong tsa setso go ya kwa lefatsheng la ditumelo tsa segompieno . Go ya ka tebo ya ga mme Dow, setšhaba se nna fela se fetoga; ka ntlha ya seo, ngwao, bong, boitshupo, puo, dipopego le metheo ya setshaba le tsone di a fetoga.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=81}}</ref></ref> E bontsha botshelo jwa ga mme Dow ka bo ene, polelo e o, e bolela ka phetogo ya go tswa mo go tlhokeng ditsela go ya kwa go tsenyeng diphaephe mo matlong le kafa khumo ya diteemane e neng ya dira gore go nne le bokgoni jwa go bona thuto e e rileng, botsogo jo bo lolameng le ditirelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=84}}</ref></ref> [Buka e neeletswe bana ba gagwe ba bararo, e boeletsa ka fa dikakanyo ka ga bone di fetogileng ka teng, ka e le Maaferika, mme gape ba na le boitshupo jo bo raraaneng ka gore ntate wa bone e ne e le moagedi wa lefatshe la Amerika. Mo nakong e polelo e tswelelang ka yone ba ka bo ba bonwe ke setšhaba e le batswakwa. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=86}}</ref></ref> Polelo e, e bua ka Naledi, yo o tshotsweng pele ga Botswana a tlhabololwa mme e diragala ka nako ya fa Dow a gwetlha molao wa bosetšhaba.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=83}}</ref></ref> Jaaka mmueledi, Naledi o emetse bomme le bana ba ba ba tlhokang thuso ya tsereganyo kgotsa ya semolao. O tsaya tsheko ya motswasetlhabelo yo o mo dingwageng tsa bolesome wa kgang ya go tseelwa dikobo ka dikgoka mme o senola go raraana ga tsamaiso ya semolao e e laolwang ke batho ba borre, e e neng ya kgaphela tsheko kwa thoko ntle le theetso ya yone. Le fa tsheko e sa rarabololwa, mosekisiwa o ne a laelwa go dira tlhatlhobo ya mogare wa HIV, ka gore motswasetlhabelo wa gagwe o ne a kopane le tlhakanelo dikobo e e sa dirisetswang tshireletso, <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=87}}</ref></ref> mo go gatelelang diphetogo tsa lefatshe le go fetogafetoga ga dilo. Bong ga bo a neela mosekisiwa tshiamelo kgotsa dithata tsa go tila tlhatlhobo mo lefatsheng le tsamaiso ya semolao e nang le ditshireletso go akaretsa tshireletso ya basadi, <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=88}}</ref></ref> le fa tsamaiso ya semolao e ne ya felela e paletswe ke go thusa Naledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> 1dxfl1oyih14xlmfjfn3z7pqq475dv7 53606 53605 2026-07-30T07:09:55Z MmaBaggio 11091 53606 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Unity Dow|office=[[Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation (Botswana)|Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation]]|image=Unity Dow - PopTech 2011 - Camden Maine USA - 6269953840.jpg|alt=Photograph of an African woman in a grey brocaded suit standing in front of a backdrop depicting a group of African women in blue dresses, while giving a speech. She is wearing a geometrically patterned beaded neck collar, has a yellow device in her right hand, and is pointing with her left index finger to the left of the stage.|caption=Dow in 2011|predecessor=[[Vincent T. Seretse]]|president=[[Mokgweetsi Masisi]]|successor=[[Lemogang Kwape]]|term_start=2 November 2019|term_end=26 August 2020|majority2=193 (1.66%)|office2=[[Member of Parliament (Botswana)|Member of Parliament]] for [[Kgatleng West]]|predecessor2=''new constituency''|party=[[Botswana Congress Party]]|birth_name=Unity Diswai|birth_date={{birth date and age|1959|4|23|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Mochudi]], [[Bechuanaland Protectorate]] (now [[Botswana]]|spouse={{Marriage|Peter Nathan Dow|7 March 1984}}<br/> Karl J. Stahl{{sfn|Karlsruhe Institute of Technology|2008}}|children=3|alma_mater=[[University of Botswana and Swaziland]] ([[LLB]])<br>[[University of Edinburgh]]|profession=Lawyer, judge, politician, writer, and human rights activist}} '''Unity Dow''' (née '''Diswai'''; o tshotswe ka Moranang a le masome mabedi le boraro 1959) ke mmueledi wa [[Botswana|Motswana]]^{[<nowiki/>[[Batho ba ba tswang kwa Botswana ba bidiwa Motswana (bongwe) kgotsa Batswana (bontsi) .|N]]}^{[[Batho ba ba tswang kwa Botswana ba bidiwa Motswana (bongwe) kgotsa Batswana (bontsi) .|opolo 1]]]}, mokwadi, [[molweladitshwanelo tsa batho]] le [[Leloko la Palamente]] la [[Kgatleng Bophirima]] e sale ka Ngwanatsele 2024. O kile a nna moatlhodi kwa [[Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko ya Botswana]] le mo phateng a a farologaneng a Botswana. O tsholetswe kwa [[Bechuanaland|Bechuanaland Protectorate]] ke moroki le molemimorui, ba ba neng ba gatelela gore bana ba bone ba bone thuto, Dow o goletse mo motseng wa setso wa legae pele ga ditlhabololo tsa segompieno. O ne a bona thuto ya molao ka 1983 kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Botswana le Swaziland]], le fa dithuto tsa gagwe di ne tsa wediwa kwa Swaziland le kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Edinburgh]], kwa Scotland, ka Botswana a ne a sena sekolo sa molao ka nako eo. Fa a sena go aloga, Dow o ne a bula kantoro ya ntlha ya molao e le ya basadi gotlhe mo Botswana mme ka 1997 a nna mosadi wa ntlha go tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi kwa Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko ya lefatshe leo. Ka nako ya fa a ne a le mo tirong ya molao, Dow o ne a amega mo dikgetsing di le tharo tsa ditso mo Botswana. Ka 1992, e ne e le mongongoregi mo kgetsing e e botlhokwa ya semolao, ''[[Unity Dow v Attorney-Genera]]''l, e e neng ya fedisa go tlhaola batho ka bong mo [[melaong ya bosetšhaba]] ya setšhaba e pele e neng e sa letle bana go bona bosetšhaba mo go bommaabone ba ba nyetsweng. Kgetse e ne ya bonela Dow tebelelo ya boditšhabatšhaba mme ya tsosa lekhubu la diphetogo tse di fedisang go sa lekalekane ga bong mo melaong ya bosetšhaba go ralala Aforika. Ka 2006, jaaka moatlhodi yo o okametseng kgetse ya ga ''Roy Sesana and Others v. the Government of Botswana'', Dow o ne a atlhola kgatlhanong le ditiro tsa puso tsa go thibela [[batho ba tlholego ba Basarwa]] go nna le go tsoma mo [[mafelong a borraabonemogologolwane]], mme seo sa ba pateletsa go nna gape kwa ntle ga [[Central Kalahari Game Reserve]]. O ne a atlhola gore puso e tshwanetse go busetsa ditirelo tsa motheo, e letle Basarwa go boela mo lefatsheng le go bona ditetla tsa go tsoma, le go duela ditshenyegelo mo go ba ba fudusitsweng ka dikgoka fa ba ka tlhopha go se boele. Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Dow o ne a dira jaaka mmueledi wa semolao wa [[LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo kgetseng ya bone ya go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa Lephateng la Kwadiso ya Matsalo mme ba atlega go amogela katlholo ya gore puso e letle mokgatlho o kwadisiwe. Dow o ne a tlhophiwa la ntlha go tsena mo [[Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba]] ka 2014, fa a ne a tlhophiwa ke Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] jaaka mopalamente yo o itlhophetsweng. O ne a tlhomiwa la ntlha go nna Mothusa Tona wa Thuto mme ka 2015 a nna Tona ya Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Dikitso. Morago ga moo o ne a dira jaaka Tona ya Thuto ya Motheo, Tona ya Mafaratlhatlha le Tlhabololo, le Tona ya Merero ya mafatshe a sele, pele ga a nna moeteledipele wa [[lemorago]] ka 2020. O dirile mo dikhuduthamageng le dikomiting di le mmalwa tsa boditšhabatšhaba, a sekaseka tiriso ya melao e e amang ditshwanelo tsa batho kwa [[Kenya]], [[Palastina]], [[Rwanda]] le [[Sierra Leone]]. Ka 2000, Dow o ne a simolola go gatisa dipadi, ka tlwaelo o ne a lebile dikgang tsa loago le tsa semolao le ditlamorago tsa tsone mo dipopegong tsa bong le tsa maatla. Dibuka tse di sekaseka mekgwa ya loago le go dirisa batho botlhaswa ka go ba sotlaka, go dirisa dikgoka le go gatelela ditshwanelo tsa batho. O amogetse dikakgolo le ditlotla di le dintsi ka ntlha ya tiro ya gagwe ya go thusa batho, go akaretsa le [[Legion of Honor]] ka 2010. == Botshelo jwa pele le thuto == Unity Dow o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Moranang e le malatsi a masome mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 1959 mo motseng wa [[Mochudi]], mo [[Kgaolo ya Kgatleng|kgaolong ya Kgatleng]], mo lefatsheng la [[Botswana]] le ka nako eo e neng ele [[Bechuanaland|Bechuanaland Protectorate]]<ref name=":0">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLedererMacharia-Mokobi2012|Lederer & Macharia-Mokobi 2012]], p. 248.</ref><ref name=":15">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004]], p. 34.</ref> mo batsading ba gagwe Phiri le Maefshane Diswai (ba ba itsegeng gape ka leina la Moses le Ellen Diswai), ditlogolwana tsa merafe ya tlholego ya [[Basarwa]] le maloko a merafe ya Bakgatla. Motseselegae o a goletseng mo go one o ne o sa tshelwa ditsela, motlakase le metsi a a elang. Go ne go sena mesokelatsebeng e bile o ne a ise a bone setsidifatsi go fitlha a nna mo dingwageng tsa bonana, le fa e le thelebishene go fitlha a nna dingwaga di le masome a mabedi.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDaymondLenta2004|Daymond & Lenta 2004]], p. 48.</ref><ref name=":1">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFEllis2012|Ellis 2012.]]</ref> Mmaagwe e ne e le moroki, yo o neng a kgona go bala le go kwala ka [[Setswana]], mme e seng Seesemane.<ref name=":2">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFSunday_Standard2007|''Sunday Standard'' 2007.]]</ref><ref name=":3">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDaymondLenta2004|Daymond & Lenta 2004]], p. 49.</ref> Rraagwe, yo o neng a bereka mo polasing e nnye, o ne a bua le go bala Seesemane.<ref name=":3" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNarloch2012|Narloch 2012]], p. 3.</ref> Fa rraagwe a ne a le kwa sekolong, o ne a gapa thuso ya madi a go tsena [[Yunibesithi ya Fort Hare]], mme thuso eo e ne ya newa morwa kgosi boemong jwa gagwe. Mo batsading ba gagwe ka bobedi, thuto e ne ya nna selo sa botlhokwa mme bana ba bone ba le barataro mo go ba le supa ba ne ba wetsa dithuto tsa bone tsa yunibesithi.<ref name=":3" /> Dithuto tsa bone tsa [[Bophirima]] di ne di sa tlwaelega mo metseselegaeng ya Botswana ka nako eo.<ref name=":2" /> Diswai o weditse dithuto tsa gagwe tse di potlana le tse dikgolwane kwa Mochudi.<ref name=":0" /> Morago ga sekolo se segolwane, o ne a ithutela molao kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Botswana le Swaziland]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Ka gonne go ne go sena sekolo sa molao mo Botswana ka nako eo, ka fa tlase ga thulaganyo ya thuso ya Borithane o ne a tsena yunibesithi kwa [[Eswatini|Swaziland]] mme a wetsa dingwaga di le pedi tsa dithuto kwa Scotland, kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Edinburgh]], pele ga a bona digerata ya gagwe ya [[Bachelor of Laws]] ka 1983 kwa Yunibesithing ya Botswana le Swaziland.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":4">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFUniversity_of_Edinburgh2010|University of Edinburgh 2010.]]</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDaymondLenta2004|Daymond & Lenta 2004]], pp. 49–50.</ref> == Molao le bolweladitshwanelo == === Tiro ya gagwe ya pele (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity Dow - PopTech 2011 - Camden Maine USA - 6266756376.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Unity Dow]] Diswai o ne a bona dithutego tsa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go bereka kwa dikantorong tsa [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana]] e le mosekisi wa melato ya borukutlhi kwa [[Gaborone]]. O nyalane le moagi wa Amerika, Peter Nathan Dow, ka Mopitlo a supa 1984. Banyalani ba ba ne ba nna kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0" /> Ka 1986, Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong e e ikemetseng ka nosi e e neng e dira tiro ya molao wa bosenyi, mme a bula feme ya Dow Malakaila, e leng feme ya ntlha ya molao ya basadi-botlhe mo lefatsheng leo. Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa bomme mo Botswana sa [[Emang Basadi]] (Emela Basadi ka dinao). Ka 1988, leina la feme le ne la fetolwa moragonyana go nna Dow Lesetedi and Company.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFSegwai2008|Segwai 2008.]]</ref><ref name=":4" /> Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a simolola mmogo mokgatlho wa Basadi le Molao mo Borwa jwa Aforika (WLSA) go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dikgetsi.<ref name=":0" /> Go tloga ka 1988 go fitlha ka 1991, Dow o ne a direla WLSA dipatlisiso, a thusa go wetsa thutopatlisiso ya kgaolo ka ga ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi mo mafatsheng a le marataro tse di mabapi.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":2" /> Ka 1990, o thusitse go tlhoma Lefelo la Tshedimosetso la Basadi la Metlhaetsile go rotloetsa thuto ka ditshwanelo tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka 1990, Dow o ne a tlhatlhela kgetsi kwa [[Kgotla Kgolong ya Ditsheko ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" /> Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagi wa 1984, ke fela [[bana ba ba seng ka fa molaong]] ba ba neng ba ka bona bosetšhaba ka mmaabo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1992|Quansah 1992]], p. 196.</ref> Ka bana ba gagwe ba le babedi mo go ba le bararo le Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa tsewe e le Batswana.<ref name=":6">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBeyani1994|Beyani 1994]], p. 294.</ref> Ka go boifa gore go ka nna le kgonagalo ya gore fa tetla ya ga Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng e felelwa ke nako ka 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ka nna la patelesega go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola kgetsi ya [[Unity Dow v Attorney-General]] a latofatsa gore Molao wa Boagi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefadiwa le go sotlakakwa mo go seng mo sethong. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhela e ema Dow nokeng e dumalana gore molao o ama tlhopho ya gagwe e e gololesegileng ya gore o tla nyala mang, o ka mo pateletsa go kgaogana le lelwapa la gagwe fa ditetlelelo tsa bonno tsa monna wa gagwe le bana ba gagwe di sa ntšhwafadiwe, mme o ne o tlhaola.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFColdham1992|Coldham 1992]], pp. 91–92.</ref> === Tiro ya magareng (1991–2009) === Dow o ne a tsere sebaka sa dingwaga di le pedi a beetse tiro ya gagwe ya molao kwa tlhoko ka 1991 ka ntlha ya kgetse e mme ka nako eo, o ne a simolola mmogo Sekolo se se botlana sa Baobob kwa Gaborone le AIDS Action Trust.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":8">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFColumbia_Law_School2009|Columbia Law School 2009.]]</ref> O ne a dira jaaka mogokaganyi wa WLSA go tloga ka 1992 go fitlha ka 1994,<ref name=":5" /> fa boikuelo jwa kgetse ya gagwe bo santse bo letilwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo, ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya nganga gore go tlhaola basadi go sireleditswe ke dipeelo tsa molaomotheo go somarela dingwao tsa setso tsa Botswana, e e neng e le setšhaba sa [[losika lwa borre]].<ref name=":6" /> <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], pp. 190–191.</ref> Mmueledi Mogolo le ene o ne a ganela gore Dow o ne a na le maitsetsepelo, a bolela gore ene ka boene ga a a utlwisiwa botlhoko ke sepe.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], p. 190.</ref> [[Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Tautona ya Baatlhodi [[Austin Amissah]], e ne ya swetsa ka gore kgethololo ya bong e thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ka se fete dipeelo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse Botswana e neng e na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le modumedi wa tsone.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBeyani1994|Beyani 1994]], p. 295.</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], p. 196.</ref> Mo kgannyeng ya maitsetsepelo, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go na le kgonagalo ya gore a ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne a gobaditswe, mme go kgaogana le ba lelwapa la gagwe go tla bo go nyenyefatsa le go tlhoka setho.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], pp. 200–201.</ref> Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa katlholo ya Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditseko ka diphetogo tse dinnye, ya bolela gore Dikarolo tsa bone le botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagi ga di dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], p. 189.</ref> Ka ntlha ya katlholo e e botlhokwa e, ka 1995 Molao wa Boagi o ne wa baakanngwa go tlosa go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go boneng bosetšhaba mo Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFManby2010|Manby 2010]], p. 50.</ref> Katlholo e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go ralala Aforika go gatelela phetogo mo melaong ya bone ya bosetšhaba le go fedisa go sa lekalekane ga bong, mme seno sa felela ka gore mo e ka nnang sephatlo sa mafatshe a Aforika a baakanye melao ya bosetšhaba ka 2010.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPailey2020|Pailey 2020]], p. 1839.</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFManby2010|Manby 2010]], p. 48.</ref> Go tloga ka 1994 go fitlha ka 1998, Dow o ne a dira jaaka mokaedi wa Setheo sa Tshedimosetso sa Basadi sa Metlhaetsile mme ka nako eo o ne a gatisa ''The Citizenship Case'' ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le botlhano, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa kgetse ya gagwe.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":4" /> Ka 1996, o ne a dira mo kgetsing e e neng e amana le [[go tlhokomela bana]] e e neng ya felela ka gore go dirwe phetolo ya melao ya tshegetso, mme ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bosupa o ne a tlhagisa kgetse ka ga [[bolwetse jwa basadi ba ba itewang]], a tsaya gore tseno ke dikgang tse di botlhokwa mo basading.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":9">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDavis2014|Davis 2014]], p. 227.</ref> Mo ngwageng oo, Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi kwa [[Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kwa kgotlatshekelong ka Firikgong 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5" /> Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetlho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go dira jaaka moatlhodi kwa Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko.<ref name=":16">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLedererMacharia-Mokobi2012|Lederer & Macharia-Mokobi]] 2012, p. 249.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone , Dow o ne a dira jaaka karolo ya thomo ya [[Lekgotla la Ditshaba]] go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le [[Charlotte Abaka]] wa Mo-Ghana, yo e kileng ya bo e le modulasetilo wa [[Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref name=":7">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDivision_for_the_Advancement_of_Women2004|Division for the Advancement of Women 2004]], p. 8.</ref> [[Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya Middle East Technical University ya Bong le Basadi; kwa [[Ankara]], kwa Turkey;<ref name=":7" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBianet2019|Bianet 2019.]]</ref> [[Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa Gender Studies and Human Rights Documentation Centre kwa [[Accra]];<ref name=":7" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBowman2019|Bowman 2019]], p. 4.</ref> le Moaforika Borwa, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]], moporofesara wa molao kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Puso ya Pennsylvania|Yunibesithing ya Pennsylvania]] [[Yunibesithing ya Puso ya Pennsylvania|State]].<ref name=":7" /> Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna molaodi wa [[Khuduthamaga ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong ao ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe.<ref name=":12">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLazaroff2012|Lazaroff 2012]].</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro , o ne a tlhophiwa go direla mo komiting e kgolo ya Khuduthamaga ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi le balaodi ba le barataro ba ba boelelang le maloko a mararo a masha, go akaretsa le ene, [[Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa [[Serbia]] le [[Raji Sourani]] wa [[Palastina]].<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPalestinian_Centre_for_Human_Rights2006|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights 2006]].</ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo kgetsing ya ''[[Roy Sesana and Others v. the Government of Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa kwa Kgotleng Kgolo ya Ditsheko ka 2002 ke batho ba Basarwa<ref name=":10">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], pp. 103–104, 107.</ref> (ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba bidiwang batho ba naga ya Kalahari)<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":9" /> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa kgetsi mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le 241 ba ba neng ba tsena mo kgetsing fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e fedisa metsi mo lefelong leno la polokelo, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisa go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, le go leka go tlosa Basarwa ka dikgoka kwa ba nnang teng. Ba ne ba baakanya kgetse ya bone go akaretsa go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo le makgabisa naga go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong la tshireletso kwantle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya diteseletso tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref name=":10" /> Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka 2006, Dow o ne ya swetsa ka gore go fedisiwa ga ditirelo le go patelediwa go fudusiwa ga Basarwa go ne go emela tlolomolao ya tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaomotheo.<ref name=":5" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], pp. 108–109.</ref> O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ditshenyegelo di duelwe ba ba neng ba fudusitswe mme ba se na keletso ya go boa.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], p. 109.</ref> Mo kgannyeng ya diteseletso tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro ba ne ba dumalana gore di ne di thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, ka le fa Lephata la Diphologolo le makgabisa Naga le ne le sa patelesege go ntsha diteseletso, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela ka nako e gape ba neng ba emisa mophako, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa batho ba Basarwa jwa go itshedisa.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], pp. 115–117.</ref> Mo kgannyeng ya diteseletso tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go dirisa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], p. 120.</ref> Kgetse e, go ya ka moporofesa wa molao Clement Ng'ong'ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana go amogela ditshwanelo tsa batho ba tlholego mo mafatsheng a borraabonemogologolwane.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], p. 121.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bosupa, Dow o ne a dira jaaka leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya Rwanda le go sekaseka gore lefatshe le ka tswa jang mo [[dikgotlhang]] tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya yone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo dikgetseng tsa [[polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba bo tshekiso e e sa tseeng letlhakore.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREF%C3%85hlund2007|Åhlund 2007]], p. 5.</ref><ref name=":11">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFUniversity_of_South_Australia2009|University of South Australia 2009]].</ref> Nngwe ya dikgetsi tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le malebang le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la dino tse di tagang. Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome mararo mme kgetse e ne ya feleletsa e tholotswe.<ref name=":5" /> O ne a rola tiro mo setilong ka kgwedi ya Moranang,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[Sekolong sa Molao sa Yunibesithi ya Washington le Lee]] kwa [[Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a dira jaaka moporofesa yo o etileng kwa [[Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":11" /> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010–gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome , Dow o ne a tlhoma feme ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi eo o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[Tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong ya Nakwana e e Ikemetseng ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go diragatsa [[Molaomotheo]] o mosha wa Kenya.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNSW_Bar_Association2011|NSW Bar Association 2011]].</ref><ref name=":9" /> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bongwe , o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetulo wa Komiti e kgolo ya Molaodi wa Khuduthamaga ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCrowe2011|Crowe 2011]].</ref> Mo ngwageng oo Dow o ne a simolola go dira le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo tse dingwe tsa [[batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa Omang tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCamminga2020|Camminga 2020]], pp. 247–248.</ref> Ka nako eo kwa Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba baakanye ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dikwalong tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ne ba ya kwa ofising ya Omang le kwadiso matsalo go fetola dikwalo tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go tla ka taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCamminga2020|Camminga 2020]], pp. 244, 248.</ref> Ba ne ba kopa Dow go ba thusa, mme ene o ne a ikgolaganya le [[Setheo sa Ditsheko sa Aforika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le tshegetso ya madi.<ref name=":13">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCamminga2020|Camminga 2020]], p. 248.</ref> Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla newa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke kgetse, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo kgetsing e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa dikgetse tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref name=":13" />^{[Nopolo ya boraro]} Go fitlhelela seo, Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho wa [[LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo kgetsing ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya matsalo. Mokgatlho o ne o ganetswe ka go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Badiri le Merero ya Selegae, ka mabaka a gore ditiro tsa thatano ya bong di ne di se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng leo. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho go tlola tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore kgetse e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa thobalano, mme e le gore a maloko a ka kokoana le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMokwape2014a|Mokwape 2014a]].</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone , Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha le go se letla go kopana go ne go tlola Molaomotheo, Dikarolo ya boraro, lesome le bobedi, le lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, kgololesego ya go kopana, le kgololesego ya go kokoana ka go latelana.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMokwape2014b|Mokwape 2014b]].</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity Dow and Macsuzy Mondon, September 2015.jpg|thumb|200x200px|BoTona Dow le [[Macsuzy Mondon]] (Seychelles) ba saena Memo ya Kutlwano ya lenaneo la kananyo ya barutabana, 2015]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi a le malatsi marataro ngwaga wa dikete tse pedile lesome le bobedi , Dow o ne a tlhomiwa ke [[Lekgotla la Ditshwanelo tsa Batho la Lekgotla la Ditshaba]] jaaka mongwe wa baitseanape ba le bararo ba ba ikemetseng go dira thomo ya go batlisisa dintlha ka ga ka moo mafelo a bonno a Iseraele a kwa West Bank a amang Bapalestina ka teng.<ref name=":12" /> Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a swetsa go tsena mo dipolotiking mme a tsenelela lekoko la [[Botswana Democratic Party]].<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFSunday_Standard2012a|''Sunday Standard'' 2012a]].</ref> O ne a emela [[ditlhopho tsa setshaba tsa 2014]] tsa Kgaolo ya Mochudi Bophirima, mme a latlhegelwa ke go bata setilo mo Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBasimanebotlhe2014|Basimanebotlhe 2014]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane a le masome mabedi le boferabobedi ,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone, Dow o ne a tlhophiwa, mmogo le bontlhopheng ba bangwe ba le barataro, ke Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] wa Botswana jaaka leloko le le itlhophetsweng la palamente. Mmogo le [[Kenneth Matambo]], [[Kitso Mokaila]], le Eric Molale, o ne a fenya ditlhopho mme a tlhomiwa go nna Mothusa Tona wa Thuto mo Pusong eo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMotsamai2014|Motsamai 2014]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMosikare2014|Mosikare 2014]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Dikitso ke Khama, a tlhatlhama [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]], Mothusatautona wa Botswana yo wa nako eo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPiet2015|Piet 2015]].</ref> Ka nako ya fa a ne a le mo Lephateng, Dow o ne a tlhoma lenaneo la go katisa barutabana go tswa kwa Seychelles kwa Botswana le go romela barutabana ba Batswana kwa ntle go ya go thusa Seychelles ka tlhaelo ya barutabana.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPhiloBonnelame2015|Philo & Bonnelame 2015]].</ref> O ne a direla mo maemong ao go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borataro, fa mo kabakanngwa cabinet, a ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto ya Motheo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMmegi2016b|''Mmegi'' 2016b]].</ref> Morago ga gore Khama a tloge mo maemong a botautona ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi , Dow o ne a sutisiwa ke Tautona yo o tsenang Masisi go tswa mo Thutong go ya kwa maemong a Tona ya Mafaratlhatlha le Tlhabololo ya Matlo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMwakideu2018|Mwakideu 2018]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGabathuse2018|Gabathuse 2018]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi 2018, mo phetogong ya cabinet, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Merero ya Mafatshe a Sele, a ananya setilo sa gagwe mo Mafaratlhatlheng le Matlo le Vincent Tina Seretse, yo o neng a tshwere Merero ya Mafatshe a sele mo nakong e e fetileng.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMorupisi2018|Morupisi 2018]].</ref> Masisi o ne a fenya botautona mo [[ditlhophong tsa setshaba tsa 2019]] mme a tlhomamisa gape Dow jaaka Tona ya Merero ya Mafatshe a Sele ya palamente ya bo lesome le bobedi ya Botswana.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMmegi2019|''Mmegi'' 2019]].</ref> Dow mmogo le barwadie Cheshe le Natasha, o ne a bula Dow Academy kwa Mochudi, [[Kgaolo ya Kgatleng]] ka Firikgong 2020. Sekolo seno se se ikemetseng se ruta thuto e potlana le e kgolwane.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLuebering2020|Luebering 2020]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi , Dow o ne a tlogela bodiredi jwa gagwe mme a emisediwa ka Lemogang Kwape mo phetogong ya cabinet.<ref name=":14">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMotlhoka2020|Motlhoka 2020]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGabathuse2020|Gabathuse 2020]].</ref> Dow o buile ka kgato e, "Jaaka tona o bua thata ka portfolio ya gago. Mme [[banka e e kwa morago]] e go naya kgololesego ya go botsolotsa dikgang tse di farologaneng tse di amang bosetšhaba. Tekanyetso e le nosi ke boemo jwa lekoko la me mo kgannyeng e e rileng".<ref name=":14" /> == Go kwala == Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi , fa Dow a ne a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dinaane, ke bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba dirile dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela babadi kwa ntle ga Botswana. <ref name=":15" /> Lengwe la mabaka a seno e ne e le kganetso e e tiileng ya boeteledipele jwa Batswana gore MaBorithane ba kopanye kgaolo ya bona le ya Aforika Borwa, e e neng ya isa kwa go itshireletseng kgatlhanong le Pan-Africanism le go tlhoka dipeeletso mo mafaratlhatlheng a setšhaba le tlhabololo ya thuto. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;34, 36.</ref> Bobedi dibuka tsa gagwe tsa non-fiction le tsa fiction di kopanya dikgang tsa loago le tsa semolao le seabe sa tsona mo bong le mo kagong ya maatla. <ref name=":9" /> <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] p.&#x20;35.</ref>Mosebetsi o mong le o mong wa Dow o hlahloba ditlwaelo tsa setjhaba tse lebisang ho se leka-lekane ha dikamano tsa matla le ho susumetsa pefo kgahlanong le basadi, tlhekefetso ya thobalano ya bana, bothata ba AIDS, le ho se lekane ha bong. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFJenkins2012|Jenkins 2012,]] p.&#x20;151.</ref> Batho ba ba mo bukeng ya gagwe ba dirisa tlhaloganyo go ganana le ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa setso sa setso. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFJenkins2012|Jenkins 2012]], p.&#x20;153.</ref> Ka padi ya gagwe ya ntlha, Far and Beyon' (2000), Dow o ne a bua thata ka ga leroborobo la AIDS le ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka mo malapeng, segolo jang ka fa basadi ba ba tshelang mo setšhabeng sa borra-bana ba lebanang le malapa a a senang borre ka ntlha ya tshenyo e e tlisitseng kwa Botswana ya kwa magaeng. <ref name=":16" /><ref name=":17">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGagiano2004|Gagiano 2004,]] p.&#x20;40.</ref>E sekaseka dithibelo tsa ditlwaelo tsa setso, meetlo, le ditheo tse di beilweng mo basading le mo basading ka go dirisa dikago tse di ikaegileng ka banna.<ref name=":17" /> Mo kanegelong eno, Mara, mmè yo o sa itseng go bala le go kwala yo o nang le bokgoni jo bo lekanyeditsweng jwa go itlamela, o setse a na le monna a le mongwe le barwa ba le babedi ba ba bolawang ke AIDS, monna yo mongwe a mo latlha, mme molekane wa gagwe wa boraro o mo sotla.<ref name=":18">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004]], p.&#x20;38</ref> <ref name=":17" />Mara o bolela gore loso lwa barwa ba gagwe lo bakilwe ke mmaba yo o fitlhegileng mme o batla dikarabo mo go yo o bolelelang pele isagwe. Le fa morwadie, Mosadi (e e rayang mosadi), yo o itsegeng jaaka Mosa, le morwawe yo o setseng, Stan, ba sa dumele gore meetlo ya mmoki e tla tlhalosa gore ke ka ntlha yang fa bomorwarraabone ba sule, ba tsamaya mmogo le meletlo e e laetsweng. <ref name=":18" /> Fa Mosa a lemoga gore o imile mme o latlhetswe ke rraagwe ngwana, o swetsa go senya mpa ka sephiri, go na le go imetsa mmaagwe go feta.<ref name=":18" /> Mo maitekong a go fodisa lelapa la gagwe, Mosa o sekaseka ditlwaelo tsa loago tse di kgaoganyang banna le basadi le go godisa ditiro tsa banna, a ruta basadi go itlhokomolosa diphoso tsa bone. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGagiano2004|Gagiano 2004,]] p.&#x20;41.</ref>A nna a ikanyega mo lelapeng la gagwe le mo setsong sa gagwe, o ithuta go gana go amogela maitsholo a a sa siamang mo setšhabeng sa gaabo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGagiano2004|Gagiano 2004,]] p.&#x20;42.</ref>Ka tsela e, Dow o tlhatlhoba gore go ineela ga setšhaba le go didimala ka diphoso mo setšhabeng go isa jang kwa tlhakatlhakanong ya mogopolo le go dirisa ba ba senang maatla ka tsela e e sa siamang ke ba ba nang le maatla go feta. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;38–40.</ref> Dipolelo tse di tshwanang di ne tsa tsenngwa mo bukeng ya bobedi ya ga Dow, The Screaming of the Innocent (2001), e e sekasekang gape maatlafatso ya basadi mo nageng e e tletseng ka bonweenwee jwa sepodisi, polao ya ngwao, sephiri sa setheo, le tidimalo ya setšhaba. <ref name=":15" /> Go batlisisa tlwaelo ya setso ya dipheko, go bolaya mongwe go kotula dirwe tsa gagwe tsa mmele ka ntlha ya dinonofo tsa bone tsa boselamose tsa lesego le katlego, Dow o bontsha ka moo bahumi le ba ba maatla ba tsomang ka teng batho ba ba sa itseng go bala le go kwala ba kwa magaeng le go reka tidimalo ya babusi. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;40–41.</ref>Mo bukeng, mosetsanyana o bolailwe mo sekgweng gaufi le motse wa gaabo mme tshedimosetso ka ga kgetsi e ne ya thibelwa ke sepodisi le banna ba ba maatla ba lefelo la gaabo. Go kgaolwa ga mmele wa gagwe go fitlhilwe mo bukeng e le letshwao le le supang gore batho ga ba amogele mekgwa e e ntseng jalo mo setšhabeng ka kakaretso. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] p.&#x20;42.</ref>Protagonist, Amantle Bokaa, yo o fetsang tirelo ya gagwe ya bosetšhaba (e e itsegeng kwa Botswana jaaka Tirelo Sechaba), o fitlhela diaparo tse di nang le madi mo kamoreng ya tleliniki e a e abetsweng.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;42–43.</ref> Diaparo tseno ke tsa motho mongwe yo o neng a bolailwe pele ga moo, mme fa di neelwa baagi ba motse ba lemoga gore ba ne ba sa di itse. Bokaa, ka gore baagi ba motse ba dumela gore ga a kitla a bonwa ka tsela e e sa siamang ke balaodi, o tlhophiwa go bua le mapodisi mo boemong jwa baagi ba motse.[ 78] Ka gore ke mosadi le ngwana, o lebega a sena maatla, mme thuto ya gagwe, e e mo rutileng bokgoni jwa go dirisana le kganetso le go belaela ditumelo, e mo naya maatla le boitshepo go gwetlha molao wa tidimalo le dikgoreletsi tsa loago mo tseleng ya gagwe. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] p.&#x20;43.</ref> <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNgom2018|Ngom 2018,]] p.&#x20;23.</ref>Tiro ya ga Dow ga e bue fela ka dikamano tsa maatla, mme gape e bua ka dilo tse di tshosang tsa polao ya ngwao le polao ya basadi.[ 80] O tlhalosa ka tlhamalalo tumelo ya gagwe ya gore basadi e tla nna bone ba ba tla fetolang dipholisi go fedisa mekgwa e e ntseng jalo.[ 81] Far and Beyon′ e ne ya gololwa la ntlha kwa Botswana mme morago ya gatisiwa kwa Australia. The Screaming of the Innocent e ne ya gatisiwa la ntlha kwa Australia mme ya gatisiwa gape kwa Afrika Borwa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le boraro. Buka ya gagwe ya boraro, Juggling Truths, e ne ya phasaladiwa ngwaga oo kwa Australia mme ya gololwa ngwaga o o latelang kwa Afrika Borwa. 82] Dow gape o ne a tlhatlhoba ditlwaelo tsa setso tse di sa siamang le ditlwaelo tsa loago ka maano a go di lwantsha.[ 83] Le fa a ne a kile a batlisisa ka ga setšhaba sa Aforika le mathata a a bakilweng ke go ganana le segompieno sa Bophirima le setso sa selegae, tiro e e tsepamisitse maikutlo mo tiragalong ya go lekalekanya go dumalana le ditlwaelo tse di siameng le tse di sa siamang mo setsong sa selegae. [ Ka go dirisa setshwano sa Monei, mosetsana yo monnye yo o nnang mo motseng wa magae, Dow o tlhatlhoba dingwao tsa molomo le tiriso ya ditlhamane le ditlhamane jaaka tsela ya go tsenya dikaelo tsa maitsholo le jaaka taolo ya loago mo baneng. 85] Buka eno e gwetlha dilo tse di jaaka tumelo ya gore go bolaya segwagwa se se nnang se lebile go ka baka matsubutsubu a magolo, gore go tsalana le motho yo o nang le boswafi go ka tlisa bomadimabe, kana gore go nwa motlhapo wa poo go ka thusa motho go ithuta go letsa molodi. Gape e na le dipolelo tse di buang ka selalome sa monna se se medisang bana le moruti yo o sotlang basetsana ka tlhakanelodikobo. Ditema tse di mo kanegelong di golaganya Juggling Truths le dibuka tsa ntlha tse pedi tsa ga Dow mme di kaya gore basetsana le basadi ba kgona go tlhabolola nonofo ya bone ka thuto le go akanya ka go ikemela. 85][86] Dow o atamela tshekatsheko ya gagwe ya go raraana ga loago a dirisa mefuta e e farologaneng ya ditsereganyo, a lemoga gore ga go na ditharabololo tse di bonolo.[ 87] Juggling Truths e ne e le moanelwa wa Percy FitzPatrick Prize mo setlhopheng sa basha ba ba godileng ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro.[ 88] Buka ya Dow ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bosupa ya The Heavens May Fall e bua ka boitshupo jo bo fetogang go tswa mo setšhabeng sa setso go ya mo lefatsheng la segompieno la lefatshe lotlhe. Mo matlhong a ga Dow, setšhaba se fetoga ka metlha; ka ntlha ya seo, ngwao, bong, boitshupo, puo, kago ya loago le ditheo di a fetoga. 89] Kgang e e buang ka botshelo jwa ga Dow, e bua ka phetogo go tswa mo ditseleng tse di se nang ditshipi go ya go diphaepe tsa metsi tsa mo teng ga ntlo le ka moo khumo ya teemane e neng ya dira gore go nne le thuto, tlhokomelo ya boitekanelo le ditirelo.[ Buka e e neetswe bana ba gagwe ba bararo, e boeletsa ka moo dikakanyo ka ga bone di fetogileng ka teng, jaaka e le Maaforika, mme gape ba abelana ka boitshupo jo bo raraaneng ka gonne rraabone e ne e le moagi wa US. Mo nakong e kgang e diragalang ka yone, ba ne ba tla tsewa e le batswakwa. 91] Kgang e e bua ka Naledi, yo o belegweng pele ga go dirwa ga Botswana sešwa mme e diragala ka nako ya fa Dow a ne a gwetlha molao wa bosetšhaba.[ 92] Jaaka mmueledi, Naledi o emela basadi ba ba bokoa le bana ba ba tlhokang katlholo kgotsa thuso ya semolao. O tsaya kgetsi ya lekgarebe lengwe le le neng la betelelwa mme o senola gore tsamaiso ya semolao e e laolwang ke banna e ne e na le seabe, e leng se se dirileng gore kgetsi eno e se ka ya sekwa ka nako ya tsheko. Le fa kgetse e sa rarabololwa, molatofadiwa o ne a laelwa go dira teko ya HIV, ka ntlha ya gore motlhaselwa wa gagwe o ne a kile a tlhakanela dikobo a sa itshireletsa,[93] se se gatelelang diphetogo tsa loago le go fetofetoga ga maemo. Go nna monna ga go ne go naya molatofadiwa tshiamelo kgotsa maatla a go tila teko mo nageng e mo go yona tsamaiso ya molao e nang le tshireletso go akaretsa tshireletso ya basadi,[94] go sa kgathalesege gore tsamaiso ya molao e ne ya palelwa kwa bofelong Naledi.[ 68 Dow o nnile le seabe mo bukeng ya Schicksal Afrika (Phelelo ya Aforika) e e neng ya kokoanngwa ke Moporesitente wa pele wa Jeremane Horst Köhler ka 2010, e e neng ya kokoanya dibuka tsa bakwadi ba ba itsegeng thata.[95] Padi ya gagwe e ne e lebile bokoloniale le go sa tshepane ga Aforika mo botlhaleng jwa yona.[96] Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a gatisa gape Matlhatso Ke wa Diphitlho le Max Essex, moporofesa wa Harvard le mmatlisisi wa AIDS. Buka e kwadilwe jaaka motlotlo magareng ga Dow le Essex. O simolola kgaolo nngwe le nngwe, a bolela kgang ya nnete ya motho yo o amilweng ke HIV/AIDS, e e latelang ke kakgelo ya ga Essex ka ga go dira diteko, melemo ya antiretroviral, le ditharabololo tsa maemo a Botswana jaaka naga e e nang le seelo sa boraro se se kwa godimo sa HIV mo lefatsheng. Le fa Helen Epstein, moithutatshelo wa dimolekhule le mmegadikgang yo o kwalang ka HIV/AIDS,[97] a ne a hutsafalela gore bontsi jwa ditharabololo tsa Essex di tlhoka thekenoloji e e kwa godimo, o ne a fitlhela dikgang tsa ga Dow di gapeletsa mme di bontsha go iketleeletsa ga setšhaba sa Batswana go samagana le bothata jwa sone ka tlhamalalo le ka kutlwelobotlhoko]8. Fetson Kalua, moporofesara wa Dithuto tsa Seesemane kwa Yunibesithing ya Aforika Borwa,[99] o ne a bitsa Dow "mokwadi yo o nang le tlhotlheletso e kgolo ya ditlhamane mo Botswana gompieno".[89] == Ditlotla le Dietsele == Dow e nnile moamogedi wa dikabelo le ditlotla di le dintsi, go akaretsa le dikirii ya bongaka ya tlotlo ya molao go tswa kwa Kholetšheng ya Kenyon (Gambier, Ohio, 2001), Kholetšheng ya Saint Michael (Colchester, Vermont, 2007),[42] le Yunibesithi ya Edinburgh (Edinburgh, Scotland, 2009).[12] O amogetswe tiro ya gagwe ya ditshwanelo tsa batho ka Sekgele sa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho sa William Brennan (2003) sa Yunibesithi ya Rutgers kwa New Brunswick, kwa New Jersey; Awate ya Botlhatlheledi jo bo Tlotlegang ya ga Phyllis N. Stern (2008) ya Lekgotla la Boditšhabatšhaba la Dikgang tsa Pholo ya Basadi; le Sekgele sa Basadi ba ba Tlhegeletseng mo Molaong wa Boditšhabatšhaba (2009) sa Setlhopha sa Dikgatlhego sa Basadi mo Molaong wa Boditšhabatšhaba sa Mokgatlho wa Amerika wa Molao wa Boditšhabatšhaba.[42][100] Gape e ne e le motlhophiwa wa pontsho ya Phetogo e e Tlhotlheletsang Basadi ya Sekolo sa Molao sa Harvard (2014).[101] Ka di 14 Phukwi 2010, o ne a abelwa Legion of Honor ke Moemedi wa Fora kwa Botswana, Geneviève Iancu.[102] O ne a tlotliwa ka Kabo ya Phitlhelelo ya Lefatshe Lotlhe ya Setheo sa Kabo ya Botswerere ya Botlhabagare sa Dubai ka ntlha ya tiro ya gagwe ya kagiso le maiteko a tlhabololo ya batho ka 11 Ngwanaitseele 2012.[103] == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} [[Karolo:Ditsalo tsa 1959]] [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] [[Karolo:Baatlhodi ba Botswana]] [[Karolo:Molwela-ditshwanelo tsa bomme wa Botswana]] == Botshelo jwa pele le thuto == Mme Unity Diswai o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa 1959, kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boraro, kwa [[Mochudi]] mo [[Kgaolo ya Kgatleng|Kgaolong ya Kgatleng]] mo [[Botswana]] (yo ka nako e o a neng a bidiwa [[Bechuanaland]] ), <ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref> ke ngwana wa batsadi ba gagwe e bong rre Phiri le mme Maefshane Diswai (ba gape ba itsegeng ka maina a Moses le Ellen Diswai), bobedi jo bo tsalatswe mo morafeng wa [[Basarwa]] fa godimo ga moo ke maloko a morafe wa BaKgatla.<ref name=":0" /> <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref> Motse wa selegae o a goletseng mo go one o ne o sena ditsela tsa sekonotiri, motlakase le fa e le metsi a a elelang. Go ne go sena megala ya letheka mme o ne a ise a bone setsidifatsi ka matlho go fitlha a nna mo dingwageng tsa bolesome, le fa e le setshwantsho sa motshikhinyego go fitlha a nna dingwaga di le masome a mabedi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=48}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ellis|2012}}</ref></ref> . Mmaagwe e ne e le moroki, yo o neng a kgona go bala le go kwala ka [[Setswana]], mme a sa kgone go bala le go kwala ka Sekgoa.<ref><ref name=":1" /></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=49}}</ref></ref>. Rraagwe yo o neng a berekela mo polasing e nnye, o ne a bua ebile a kgona go bala Sekgoa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=49}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=49}}</ref></ref>E ne ya re fa rraagwe a tsena sekolo, o ne a ikgapela thuso ya madi a go tsena kwa [[:en:University_of_Fort_Hare|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Fort Hare]], mme thuso e o e ne ya fiwa morwa wa kgosi boemong jwa gagwe. Batsadi ba gagwe ka bobedi jwa bone ba ne ba dumela gore thuto ke selo sa botlhokwa mme bana ba bone ba le barataro mo go ba le supa ba ne ba wetsa dithuto tsa bone tsa ithutelo tiro.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=49}}</ref></ref> Dithuto tsa bone [[:en:Western_culture|tsa kwa Bophirima]] di ne di sa tlwaelesega mo magaeng a Botswana ka nako eo.<ref name=":1">{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref> Mme Diswai o weditse dithuto tsa gagwe tse dipotlana le tse dikgolwane kwa Mochudi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Morago ga sekolo se segolwane, o ne a ithutela molao kwa [[:en:University_of_Botswana_and_Swaziland|sekolong se segolwane sa ithutelo tiro sa Botswana le Swaziland]] . <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ellis|2012}}</ref></ref>. Ka go ne go sena sekolo sa molao mo Botswana ka nako eo, o ne a tsena yunibesithi kwa [[Eswatini|Swaziland]] ka fa tlase ga thulaganyo ya thuso ya Boritheini mme a wetsa dingwaga di le pedi tsa dithuto kwa Scotland, kwa [[:en:University_of_Edinburgh|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Edinburgh]], pele ga a bona setlankana sa gagwe [[:en:Bachelor_of_Laws|sa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao]] ka ngwaga wa 1983 kwa sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Botswana le Swaziland.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2012 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref> <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=49–50}}</ref></ref>. == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> Go fitlhelela seo, mme Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho [[LEGABIBO|wa LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo tshekong ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya setshaba. Mokgatlho o ne o gannwe go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le ga mmogo le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Merero ya Badiri le tsa Selegae, ka mabaka a gore go ratana ga bong go ne go se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho yo go ne go le kgatlhanong le tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore tsheko e, e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa tlhakanelodikobo, mme e ne e le ka ga gore a maloko a ka kgona go kokoanya le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014a}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotlatshekelokgolo o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha seo le go se letla go kopana go ne go gataka Molaomotheo, karolo ya boraro, ya lesome le bobedi, le ya lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, go kopana le go kopana ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014b}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> Go fitlhelela seo, mme Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho [[LEGABIBO|wa LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo tshekong ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya setshaba. Mokgatlho o ne o gannwe go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le ga mmogo le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Merero ya Badiri le tsa Selegae, ka mabaka a gore go ratana ga bong go ne go se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho yo go ne go le kgatlhanong le tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore tsheko e, e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa tlhakanelodikobo, mme e ne e le ka ga gore a maloko a ka kgona go kokoanya le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014a}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotlatshekelokgolo o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha seo le go se letla go kopana go ne go gataka Molaomotheo, karolo ya boraro, ya lesome le bobedi, le ya lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, go kopana le go kopana ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014b}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_and_Macsuzy_Mondon,_September_2015.jpg|alt=Photograph of two seated women, attended by two witnesses standing beside them, signing documents on a table.|thumb| Ditona mme Dow le mme Macsuzy Mondon (Seychelles) ba baya monwana mo mokwalong wa Kutlwano wa lenaneo la kananyo ya barutabana, 2015]] == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> Go fitlhelela seo, mme Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho [[LEGABIBO|wa LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo tshekong ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya setshaba. Mokgatlho o ne o gannwe go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le ga mmogo le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Merero ya Badiri le tsa Selegae, ka mabaka a gore go ratana ga bong go ne go se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho yo go ne go le kgatlhanong le tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore tsheko e, e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa tlhakanelodikobo, mme e ne e le ka ga gore a maloko a ka kgona go kokoanya le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014a}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotlatshekelokgolo o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha seo le go se letla go kopana go ne go gataka Molaomotheo, karolo ya boraro, ya lesome le bobedi, le ya lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, go kopana le go kopana ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014b}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_and_Macsuzy_Mondon,_September_2015.jpg|alt=Photograph of two seated women, attended by two witnesses standing beside them, signing documents on a table.|thumb| Ditona mme Dow le mme Macsuzy Mondon (Seychelles) ba baya monwana mo mokwalong wa Kutlwano wa lenaneo la kananyo ya barutabana, 2015]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 2012, Dow o ne a tlhomiwa ke [[:en:United_Nations_Human_Rights_Council|Lekgotla la Ditshwanelo tsa Batho la Ditšhabakopano]] jaaka mongwe wa baitseanape ba le bararo ba ba ikemetseng go dira thomo ya go batlisisa dintlha ka ga ka moo mafelo a bodulo a Iseraele a West Bank a amang Bapalesetina ka teng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a tsena mo dipolotiking mme a tsenela lekoko la [[Phathi ya Tomokoraga|Botswana Democratic Party]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Sunday Standard|2012a}}</ref></ref> O ne a tsenela [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2014 (Botswana)|ditlhophokakaretso tsa 2014]] tsa Kgaolo ya Mochudi Bophirima, mme a seke a kgone go fenya setilo mo lekgotleng la [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Kokoano ya matona a puso]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Basimanebotlhe|2014}}</ref></ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2014, Dow o ne a tlhophiwa, mmogo le bontlhopheng ba bangwe ba le barataro, ke Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] wa Botswana jaaka leloko le le tlhophilweng ka tsela e e kgethegileng la palamente. Mmogo le [[Kenneth Matambo]], [[Kitso Mokaila]], le Eric Molale, o ne a fenya ditlhopho mme a tlhomiwa go nna Mothusa Tona wa Thuto mo pusong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Motsamai|2014}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mosikare|2014}}</ref></ref>. Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2015, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Bokgoni ke rre Khama, a tlhatlhama rre [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]], yo e neng e le mothusa-tautona wa lefatshe la Botswana ka nako e o.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Piet|2015}}</ref></ref> Ka nako ya fa a le mo Lephateng, Dow o ne a tlhoma lenaneo la go katisa barutabana go tswa kwa [[:en:Seychelles|Seychelles]] mo Botswana le go romela barutabana ba Batswana go ya go thusa Seychelles ka tlhaelo ya barutabana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bonnelame|2015}}</ref></ref> O ne a direla mo maemong a go fitlhelela ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ngwaga wa 2016, mo tlhakatlhakanong ya kabinete, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mmegi|2016b}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> Go fitlhelela seo, mme Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho [[LEGABIBO|wa LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo tshekong ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya setshaba. Mokgatlho o ne o gannwe go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le ga mmogo le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Merero ya Badiri le tsa Selegae, ka mabaka a gore go ratana ga bong go ne go se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho yo go ne go le kgatlhanong le tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore tsheko e, e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa tlhakanelodikobo, mme e ne e le ka ga gore a maloko a ka kgona go kokoanya le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014a}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotlatshekelokgolo o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha seo le go se letla go kopana go ne go gataka Molaomotheo, karolo ya boraro, ya lesome le bobedi, le ya lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, go kopana le go kopana ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014b}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_and_Macsuzy_Mondon,_September_2015.jpg|alt=Photograph of two seated women, attended by two witnesses standing beside them, signing documents on a table.|thumb| Ditona mme Dow le mme Macsuzy Mondon (Seychelles) ba baya monwana mo mokwalong wa Kutlwano wa lenaneo la kananyo ya barutabana, 2015]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 2012, Dow o ne a tlhomiwa ke [[:en:United_Nations_Human_Rights_Council|Lekgotla la Ditshwanelo tsa Batho la Ditšhabakopano]] jaaka mongwe wa baitseanape ba le bararo ba ba ikemetseng go dira thomo ya go batlisisa dintlha ka ga ka moo mafelo a bodulo a Iseraele a West Bank a amang Bapalesetina ka teng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a tsena mo dipolotiking mme a tsenela lekoko la [[Phathi ya Tomokoraga|Botswana Democratic Party]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Sunday Standard|2012a}}</ref></ref> O ne a tsenela [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2014 (Botswana)|ditlhophokakaretso tsa 2014]] tsa Kgaolo ya Mochudi Bophirima, mme a seke a kgone go fenya setilo mo lekgotleng la [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Kokoano ya matona a puso]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Basimanebotlhe|2014}}</ref></ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2014, Dow o ne a tlhophiwa, mmogo le bontlhopheng ba bangwe ba le barataro, ke Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] wa Botswana jaaka leloko le le tlhophilweng ka tsela e e kgethegileng la palamente. Mmogo le [[Kenneth Matambo]], [[Kitso Mokaila]], le Eric Molale, o ne a fenya ditlhopho mme a tlhomiwa go nna Mothusa Tona wa Thuto mo pusong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Motsamai|2014}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mosikare|2014}}</ref></ref>. Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2015, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Bokgoni ke rre Khama, a tlhatlhama rre [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]], yo e neng e le mothusa-tautona wa lefatshe la Botswana ka nako e o.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Piet|2015}}</ref></ref> Ka nako ya fa a le mo Lephateng, Dow o ne a tlhoma lenaneo la go katisa barutabana go tswa kwa [[:en:Seychelles|Seychelles]] mo Botswana le go romela barutabana ba Batswana go ya go thusa Seychelles ka tlhaelo ya barutabana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bonnelame|2015}}</ref></ref> O ne a direla mo maemong a go fitlhelela ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ngwaga wa 2016, mo tlhakatlhakanong ya kabinete, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mmegi|2016b}}</ref></ref> Morago ga gore rre Khama a tlogele maemo a botautona ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2018, Dow o ne a tlhatlosiwa ke tautona rre Masisi yo o neng a sa tswa go nna tautona go tswa kwa maemong a go nna tona ya Thuto go ya kwa maemong a go nna Tona ya lephata la dikago le tlhabololo ya matlo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mwakideu|2018}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gabathuse|2018}}</ref></ref>Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2018, mo go fetolweng ga Kabinete, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna [[:en:Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_International_Cooperation_(Botswana)|Tona ya Merero ya Boditšhabatšhaba le Tirisanommogo]], a fetola setilo sa gagwe sa dikago le tlhabololo ya matlo le rre Vincent Tina Seretse, yo o neng a tshwere Merero ya boditšhabatšhara pele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Morupisi|2018}}</ref></ref>Rre Masisi o ne a fenya maemo a botautona mo [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2019 (Botswana)|Ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa 2019]] mme a tlhomamisa mme Dow gape jaaka Tona ya Merero ya Boditšhabatšhaba le Tirisanommogo ya palamente ya lesome le bobedi ya lefatshe la Botswana..<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mmegi|2019}}</ref></ref>Mme Dow le bomorwadie Cheshe le Natasha, ba ne ba bula Dow Academy kwa Mochudi, mo kgaolong ya Kgatleng ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 2020. Sekolo se sa kgwebo se na le dithuto tse dipotlana le tse dikgolwane.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Luebering|2020}}</ref></ref>Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2020, Dow o ne a tlogela bodiredi jwa gagwe mme a tseelwa sebaka ke Lemogang Kwape mo pusong e ntšha.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Motlhoka|2020}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gabathuse|2020}}</ref></ref>Dow o ne a bua jaana ka go tsaya kgato e, "Jaaka tona o bua thata ka bodiredi jwa gago. Mme setilo se se kwa morago se go naya kgololesego ya go botsolotsa dikgang tse di farologaneng tse di amang setšhaba. Thibelo e le nngwe fela ke boemo jwa me jwa lekoko mo kgannyeng e e rileng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Motlhoka|2020}}</ref></ref> == Dikwalo == Ka ngwaga wa 2000, fa Dow a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dipolelo, go ne go na le bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba tlhagisitse dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela mafatshe a a kwa ntle ga Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref>Lengwe la mabaka a seo e ne e le kganetso e e feteletseng ya boeteledipele jwa lefatshe la Botswana gore batho-basweu ba kwa ga Mmamosadinyana ba kopanye lefatshe la bone le [[Aforika Borwa|Aferikaborwa]], se se neng sa dira gore go nne le kganetso ya go itshireletsa kgatlhanong le tumelo ya [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|kopano ya mafatshe a Aferika]] go ne ga boa gape ga nna le go tlhoka peeletso mo dikgwebong tsa koketso-madi a setšhaba le mo tlhabololong ya thuto. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=34, 36}}</ref></ref> Mefuta ya dibuka tsa gagwe ka bobedi ba tsone go akaretsa tse e seng tsa dipolelo le tsa dipolelo di kopanya dintlhana tsa dikgang tse di amanang le setšhaba ga mmogo le tsa semolao e bile di supa ditlamorago tsa tsone mo go tsa bong le tsa ga mmogo le kabisano ya dithata.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=35}}</ref></ref> . Dibuka dingwe le dingwe tsa ga Dow di sekaseka mekgwa ya setšhaba e e bakang go sa lekalekane ga dikamano tsa dithata le go tlhotlheletsa [[:en:Domestic_violence|tiriso-dikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi]], [[:en:Child_sexual_abuse|tirisobotlhaswa ya bana,]] [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Africa#Southern_Africa|mathata a segajaja sa AIDS]], le [[:en:Gender_inequality|go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> Baanelwa mo dipolelong tsa gagwe ba dirisa mokgwa wa go akanya yo o tlwaelesegileng go ganetsa mekgwa ya ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ka fa ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa ngwao.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=153}}</ref></ref> == Dikwalo == Ka ngwaga wa 2000, fa Dow a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dipolelo, go ne go na le bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba tlhagisitse dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela mafatshe a a kwa ntle ga Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref>Lengwe la mabaka a seo e ne e le kganetso e e feteletseng ya boeteledipele jwa lefatshe la Botswana gore batho-basweu ba kwa ga Mmamosadinyana ba kopanye lefatshe la bone le [[Aforika Borwa|Aferikaborwa]], se se neng sa dira gore go nne le kganetso ya go itshireletsa kgatlhanong le tumelo ya [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|kopano ya mafatshe a Aferika]] go ne ga boa gape ga nna le go tlhoka peeletso mo dikgwebong tsa koketso-madi a setšhaba le mo tlhabololong ya thuto. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=34, 36}}</ref></ref> Mefuta ya dibuka tsa gagwe ka bobedi ba tsone go akaretsa tse e seng tsa dipolelo le tsa dipolelo di kopanya dintlhana tsa dikgang tse di amanang le setšhaba ga mmogo le tsa semolao e bile di supa ditlamorago tsa tsone mo go tsa bong le tsa ga mmogo le kabisano ya dithata.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=35}}</ref></ref> . Dibuka dingwe le dingwe tsa ga Dow di sekaseka mekgwa ya setšhaba e e bakang go sa lekalekane ga dikamano tsa dithata le go tlhotlheletsa [[:en:Domestic_violence|tiriso-dikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi]], [[:en:Child_sexual_abuse|tirisobotlhaswa ya bana,]] [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Africa#Southern_Africa|mathata a segajaja sa AIDS]], le [[:en:Gender_inequality|go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> Baanelwa mo dipolelong tsa gagwe ba dirisa mokgwa wa go akanya yo o tlwaelesegileng go ganetsa mekgwa ya ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ka fa ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa ngwao.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=153}}</ref></ref> Mo pading ya gagwe ya ntlha ya leina la '<nowiki/>''Far and Beyon′'' ya ngwaga wa 2000, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma mogopolo mo setlhogong se se botlhokwa sa leroborobo la bolwetsi jwa AIDS le ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka mo malwapeng, bogolo jang ka fa basadi ba ba tshelang mo setšhabeng se se dumelang mo ketelelongpele ke batho ba borre ba tshelang ka teng mo malwapeng a a se nang borre ka ntlha ya tshenyo e e bakileng mo magaeng a lefatshe la Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Leder Macharia|2012|p=249}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=40}}</ref></ref> E sekaseka melelwane e mekgwa ya setso, dingwao le metheo e e bayang mo basetsaneng ga mmogo le mo basading ka go dirisa dipopego tse di ikaegileng ka ketelelo pele ya banna.<ref name=":0" />Mo polelong e o, Mara, e bong mmè yo o sa itseng go bala le go kwala e bile a sa kgone go itshedisa, o setse a tsile a nyalwa ke monna a le mongwe a bo a tlhokafalelwa ke bana ba gagwe ba le babedi ka ntlha ya bolwetsi jwa AIDS, monna yo mongwe o ne a mo tlogela, mme monna wa gagwe wa boraro o ne a mo sotlaka.<ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0" />Mara o ne a amanya go swa ga bana ba gagwe le mmaba mongwe yo o fitlhegileng mme a batla dikarabo mo go bo [[:en:Divination|nkadilatlha]]. Le fa morwadie, wa leina la Mosadi, yo ka tlwaelo a itsegeng e le Mosa, le ngwana wa gagwe wa mosimane yo o setseng, e bong Stan, ba sa dumele gore a nkadilatlha o ka tlhalosa gore ke eng fa bokgaitsadie ba tlhokafetse, ba diragatsa fela dithomo tse ba di laetsweng. <ref name=":1" /> Fa Mosa a lemoga gore o mo mmeleng ebile o latlhilwe ke rraagwe ngwana, o tsaya tshwetso ya gore a senye mpa mo sephiring, go na le go imetsa mmaagwe yo o setseng a lebaganwe ke mathata.<ref name=":0" /> Mo maitekong a go fodisa lelwapa la gagwe, Mosa o sekaseka mekgwa ya tlwaelo e e kgaoganyang banna le basadi e bo e tsholeletsa megopolo ya borre kwa godimo, e ruta basadi go itlhokomolosa ditselana tse ba kgopisiwang ka tsone e bile ba sa tsewe sentle.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=41}}</ref></ref> Se e le tsela ya go fetlha boikanyo mo lelwapeng la gabone le mo setsong sa lefatshe la gabone, Mosa o ithuta go gana go amogela maitsholo a a sa lolamang mo tikologong ya gabone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref>Ka tsela e, mme Dow o ne a sekaseka ka moo go ineela ga setšhaba le go didimala ka diphoso mo setšhabeng go bakang tlhakatlhakano ya megopolo le go tiriso-botlhaswa ya batho ba ba se nang dithata ke ba ba nang le dithata go ba feta.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=38–40}}</ref></ref> == Dikwalo == Ka ngwaga wa 2000, fa Dow a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dipolelo, go ne go na le bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba tlhagisitse dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela mafatshe a a kwa ntle ga Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref>Lengwe la mabaka a seo e ne e le kganetso e e feteletseng ya boeteledipele jwa lefatshe la Botswana gore batho-basweu ba kwa ga Mmamosadinyana ba kopanye lefatshe la bone le [[Aforika Borwa|Aferikaborwa]], se se neng sa dira gore go nne le kganetso ya go itshireletsa kgatlhanong le tumelo ya [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|kopano ya mafatshe a Aferika]] go ne ga boa gape ga nna le go tlhoka peeletso mo dikgwebong tsa koketso-madi a setšhaba le mo tlhabololong ya thuto. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=34, 36}}</ref></ref> Mefuta ya dibuka tsa gagwe ka bobedi ba tsone go akaretsa tse e seng tsa dipolelo le tsa dipolelo di kopanya dintlhana tsa dikgang tse di amanang le setšhaba ga mmogo le tsa semolao e bile di supa ditlamorago tsa tsone mo go tsa bong le tsa ga mmogo le kabisano ya dithata.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref><ref name=":2"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=35}}</ref></ref> . Dibuka dingwe le dingwe tsa ga Dow di sekaseka mekgwa ya setšhaba e e bakang go sa lekalekane ga dikamano tsa dithata le go tlhotlheletsa [[:en:Domestic_violence|tiriso-dikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi]], [[:en:Child_sexual_abuse|tirisobotlhaswa ya bana,]] [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Africa#Southern_Africa|mathata a segajaja sa AIDS]], le [[:en:Gender_inequality|go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> Baanelwa mo dipolelong tsa gagwe ba dirisa mokgwa wa go akanya yo o tlwaelesegileng go ganetsa mekgwa ya ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ka fa ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa ngwao.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=153}}</ref></ref> Mo pading ya gagwe ya ntlha ya leina la '<nowiki/>''Far and Beyon′'' ya ngwaga wa 2000, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma mogopolo mo setlhogong se se botlhokwa sa leroborobo la bolwetsi jwa AIDS le ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka mo malwapeng, bogolo jang ka fa basadi ba ba tshelang mo setšhabeng se se dumelang mo ketelelongpele ke batho ba borre ba tshelang ka teng mo malwapeng a a se nang borre ka ntlha ya tshenyo e e bakileng mo magaeng a lefatshe la Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Leder Macharia|2012|p=249}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=40}}</ref></ref> E sekaseka melelwane e mekgwa ya setso, dingwao le metheo e e bayang mo basetsaneng ga mmogo le mo basading ka go dirisa dipopego tse di ikaegileng ka ketelelo pele ya banna.<ref name=":0" />Mo polelong e o, Mara, e bong mmè yo o sa itseng go bala le go kwala e bile a sa kgone go itshedisa, o setse a tsile a nyalwa ke monna a le mongwe a bo a tlhokafalelwa ke bana ba gagwe ba le babedi ka ntlha ya bolwetsi jwa AIDS, monna yo mongwe o ne a mo tlogela, mme monna wa gagwe wa boraro o ne a mo sotlaka.<ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0" />Mara o ne a amanya go swa ga bana ba gagwe le mmaba mongwe yo o fitlhegileng mme a batla dikarabo mo go bo [[:en:Divination|nkadilatlha]]. Le fa morwadie, wa leina la Mosadi, yo ka tlwaelo a itsegeng e le Mosa, le ngwana wa gagwe wa mosimane yo o setseng, e bong Stan, ba sa dumele gore a nkadilatlha o ka tlhalosa gore ke eng fa bokgaitsadie ba tlhokafetse, ba diragatsa fela dithomo tse ba di laetsweng. <ref name=":1" /> Fa Mosa a lemoga gore o mo mmeleng ebile o latlhilwe ke rraagwe ngwana, o tsaya tshwetso ya gore a senye mpa mo sephiring, go na le go imetsa mmaagwe yo o setseng a lebaganwe ke mathata.<ref name=":0" /> Mo maitekong a go fodisa lelwapa la gagwe, Mosa o sekaseka mekgwa ya tlwaelo e e kgaoganyang banna le basadi e bo e tsholeletsa megopolo ya borre kwa godimo, e ruta basadi go itlhokomolosa ditselana tse ba kgopisiwang ka tsone e bile ba sa tsewe sentle.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=41}}</ref></ref> Se e le tsela ya go fetlha boikanyo mo lelwapeng la gabone le mo setsong sa lefatshe la gabone, Mosa o ithuta go gana go amogela maitsholo a a sa lolamang mo tikologong ya gabone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref>Ka tsela e, mme Dow o ne a sekaseka ka moo go ineela ga setšhaba le go didimala ka diphoso mo setšhabeng go bakang tlhakatlhakano ya megopolo le go tiriso-botlhaswa ya batho ba ba se nang dithata ke ba ba nang le dithata go ba feta.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=38–40}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|alt=Photograph of asmiling African woman wearing a grey tweed jacket over a white v-necked blouse with a purple scarf and beaded necklace around her neck.|thumb| Mme Dow ka ngwaga wa 2011]] Melaetsa e e tshwanang e tsentswe mo pading ya bobedi ya ga Dow ya setlhogo sa '<nowiki/>''The Screaming of the Innocent'' ' ya ngwaga wa 2001, e le yone e sekasekang thatafatso ya basadi mo lefatsheng le le tletseng bonweenwee jwa mapodisi, dipolao tsa ditlhabelo tsa bongaka ba setso, diphiri mo metheong ya lefatshe ga mmogo le tidimalo ya setšhaba mo dikgannyeng tse.<ref name=":2" /> Fa a sekaseka mokgwa wa setso wa ''dipheko'', wa go bolaya motho go gopela dirwe tsa gagwe ka ntlha ya lesego le katlego e a nang le yone go ya ka tumelo ya maselamotse , Dow o supa ka fa bahumi le batho ba ba nang le dithata ba tshwarang baagedi ba metseselegae ba ba sa rutegang ka teng le ka fa ba rekang tidimalo ya ba ba mo maemong a molao ka teng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=40–41}}</ref></ref> Mo bukeng e, mosetsana mongwe o mmotlana o bolawa mo [[The bush|sekgweng]] gaufi le motse wa gaabo mme tshedimosetso ka ga tsheko e o e gateletswe ke mapodisi le banna ba ba nang le dithata tse di rileng ba lefelo la gabone. Go kgaoganngwa ga gagwe go fitlhegile mo pading jaaka sesupo sa go tlhoka go lemogiwa ga ditiro tse di ntseng jalo mo setšhabeng ka kakaretso.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref> Moanelwamogolo, e bong Amantle Bokaa, yo o wetsang [[:en:National_service|tirelo ya gagwe ya setshaba]], o ribolola diaparo tse di tletseng madi mo lebokosong la kokelwana e a abetsweng go berekela kwa go yone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=42–43}}</ref></ref>Diaparo tseo ke tsa motho yo o kileng a tlhaselwa pelenyana, mme fa di tlhagisiwa mo bathong ba motse di tsosa maitemogelo a gore ntlha e o ba ne ba e fitlhetswe. Ka go nne batho ba motse ba ne ba dumela gore Bokaa o ka seke a lebiwe ka tsela e e sa siamang e ba ba mo maemong a a rileng ba ba tshwarang ka yone, o tlhophiwa go bua le mapodisi mo boemong jwa batho ba motse.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=43}}</ref></ref>Ka lebaka la gore ke mosadi e bile ke ngwana, o ne a tlaa lebega a se na maatla, mme dithutego tsa gagwe, tse di neng tsa mo ruta bokgoni jwa go lebagana le baganetsi le go botsolosa ditumelo, di mo fa maatla le go itshepa go ka gwetlha molao wa tidimalo ga mmogo le dikgoreletsi tsa setshaba tse di emeng kgatlhanong le ene.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=43}}</ref></ref> <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=23}}</ref></ref>Tiro ya ga Dow ga e tlhome mogopolo fela mo dikamanong tsa dithata, mme e tlhoma mogopolo mo go tshoseng ga dipolao tsa dipheko le [[Femicide|dipolao tsa basadi]]. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=27}}</ref></ref>O tlhalosa sentle tumelo ya gagwe ya gore bomme e tlaa nna bone ba ba okameng diphetogo mo melaong ya go fedisa ditiro tse di ntseng jalo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=32}}</ref></ref> == Dikwalo == Ka ngwaga wa 2000, fa Dow a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dipolelo, go ne go na le bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba tlhagisitse dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela mafatshe a a kwa ntle ga Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref>Lengwe la mabaka a seo e ne e le kganetso e e feteletseng ya boeteledipele jwa lefatshe la Botswana gore batho-basweu ba kwa ga Mmamosadinyana ba kopanye lefatshe la bone le [[Aforika Borwa|Aferikaborwa]], se se neng sa dira gore go nne le kganetso ya go itshireletsa kgatlhanong le tumelo ya [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|kopano ya mafatshe a Aferika]] go ne ga boa gape ga nna le go tlhoka peeletso mo dikgwebong tsa koketso-madi a setšhaba le mo tlhabololong ya thuto. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=34, 36}}</ref></ref> Mefuta ya dibuka tsa gagwe ka bobedi ba tsone go akaretsa tse e seng tsa dipolelo le tsa dipolelo di kopanya dintlhana tsa dikgang tse di amanang le setšhaba ga mmogo le tsa semolao e bile di supa ditlamorago tsa tsone mo go tsa bong le tsa ga mmogo le kabisano ya dithata.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref><ref name=":2"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=35}}</ref></ref> . Dibuka dingwe le dingwe tsa ga Dow di sekaseka mekgwa ya setšhaba e e bakang go sa lekalekane ga dikamano tsa dithata le go tlhotlheletsa [[:en:Domestic_violence|tiriso-dikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi]], [[:en:Child_sexual_abuse|tirisobotlhaswa ya bana,]] [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Africa#Southern_Africa|mathata a segajaja sa AIDS]], le [[:en:Gender_inequality|go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> Baanelwa mo dipolelong tsa gagwe ba dirisa mokgwa wa go akanya yo o tlwaelesegileng go ganetsa mekgwa ya ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ka fa ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa ngwao.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=153}}</ref></ref> Mo pading ya gagwe ya ntlha ya leina la '<nowiki/>''Far and Beyon′'' ya ngwaga wa 2000, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma mogopolo mo setlhogong se se botlhokwa sa leroborobo la bolwetsi jwa AIDS le ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka mo malwapeng, bogolo jang ka fa basadi ba ba tshelang mo setšhabeng se se dumelang mo ketelelongpele ke batho ba borre ba tshelang ka teng mo malwapeng a a se nang borre ka ntlha ya tshenyo e e bakileng mo magaeng a lefatshe la Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Leder Macharia|2012|p=249}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=40}}</ref></ref> E sekaseka melelwane e mekgwa ya setso, dingwao le metheo e e bayang mo basetsaneng ga mmogo le mo basading ka go dirisa dipopego tse di ikaegileng ka ketelelo pele ya banna.<ref name=":0" />Mo polelong e o, Mara, e bong mmè yo o sa itseng go bala le go kwala e bile a sa kgone go itshedisa, o setse a tsile a nyalwa ke monna a le mongwe a bo a tlhokafalelwa ke bana ba gagwe ba le babedi ka ntlha ya bolwetsi jwa AIDS, monna yo mongwe o ne a mo tlogela, mme monna wa gagwe wa boraro o ne a mo sotlaka.<ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0" />Mara o ne a amanya go swa ga bana ba gagwe le mmaba mongwe yo o fitlhegileng mme a batla dikarabo mo go bo [[:en:Divination|nkadilatlha]]. Le fa morwadie, wa leina la Mosadi, yo ka tlwaelo a itsegeng e le Mosa, le ngwana wa gagwe wa mosimane yo o setseng, e bong Stan, ba sa dumele gore a nkadilatlha o ka tlhalosa gore ke eng fa bokgaitsadie ba tlhokafetse, ba diragatsa fela dithomo tse ba di laetsweng. <ref name=":1" /> Fa Mosa a lemoga gore o mo mmeleng ebile o latlhilwe ke rraagwe ngwana, o tsaya tshwetso ya gore a senye mpa mo sephiring, go na le go imetsa mmaagwe yo o setseng a lebaganwe ke mathata.<ref name=":0" /> Mo maitekong a go fodisa lelwapa la gagwe, Mosa o sekaseka mekgwa ya tlwaelo e e kgaoganyang banna le basadi e bo e tsholeletsa megopolo ya borre kwa godimo, e ruta basadi go itlhokomolosa ditselana tse ba kgopisiwang ka tsone e bile ba sa tsewe sentle.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=41}}</ref></ref> Se e le tsela ya go fetlha boikanyo mo lelwapeng la gabone le mo setsong sa lefatshe la gabone, Mosa o ithuta go gana go amogela maitsholo a a sa lolamang mo tikologong ya gabone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref>Ka tsela e, mme Dow o ne a sekaseka ka moo go ineela ga setšhaba le go didimala ka diphoso mo setšhabeng go bakang tlhakatlhakano ya megopolo le go tiriso-botlhaswa ya batho ba ba se nang dithata ke ba ba nang le dithata go ba feta.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=38–40}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|alt=Photograph of asmiling African woman wearing a grey tweed jacket over a white v-necked blouse with a purple scarf and beaded necklace around her neck.|thumb| Mme Dow ka ngwaga wa 2011]] Melaetsa e e tshwanang e tsentswe mo pading ya bobedi ya ga Dow ya setlhogo sa '<nowiki/>''The Screaming of the Innocent'' ' ya ngwaga wa 2001, e le yone e sekasekang thatafatso ya basadi mo lefatsheng le le tletseng bonweenwee jwa mapodisi, dipolao tsa ditlhabelo tsa bongaka ba setso, diphiri mo metheong ya lefatshe ga mmogo le tidimalo ya setšhaba mo dikgannyeng tse.<ref name=":2" /> Fa a sekaseka mokgwa wa setso wa ''dipheko'', wa go bolaya motho go gopela dirwe tsa gagwe ka ntlha ya lesego le katlego e a nang le yone go ya ka tumelo ya maselamotse , Dow o supa ka fa bahumi le batho ba ba nang le dithata ba tshwarang baagedi ba metseselegae ba ba sa rutegang ka teng le ka fa ba rekang tidimalo ya ba ba mo maemong a molao ka teng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=40–41}}</ref></ref> Mo bukeng e, mosetsana mongwe o mmotlana o bolawa mo [[The bush|sekgweng]] gaufi le motse wa gaabo mme tshedimosetso ka ga tsheko e o e gateletswe ke mapodisi le banna ba ba nang le dithata tse di rileng ba lefelo la gabone. Go kgaoganngwa ga gagwe go fitlhegile mo pading jaaka sesupo sa go tlhoka go lemogiwa ga ditiro tse di ntseng jalo mo setšhabeng ka kakaretso.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref> Moanelwamogolo, e bong Amantle Bokaa, yo o wetsang [[:en:National_service|tirelo ya gagwe ya setshaba]], o ribolola diaparo tse di tletseng madi mo lebokosong la kokelwana e a abetsweng go berekela kwa go yone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=42–43}}</ref></ref>Diaparo tseo ke tsa motho yo o kileng a tlhaselwa pelenyana, mme fa di tlhagisiwa mo bathong ba motse di tsosa maitemogelo a gore ntlha e o ba ne ba e fitlhetswe. Ka go nne batho ba motse ba ne ba dumela gore Bokaa o ka seke a lebiwe ka tsela e e sa siamang e ba ba mo maemong a a rileng ba ba tshwarang ka yone, o tlhophiwa go bua le mapodisi mo boemong jwa batho ba motse.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=43}}</ref></ref>Ka lebaka la gore ke mosadi e bile ke ngwana, o ne a tlaa lebega a se na maatla, mme dithutego tsa gagwe, tse di neng tsa mo ruta bokgoni jwa go lebagana le baganetsi le go botsolosa ditumelo, di mo fa maatla le go itshepa go ka gwetlha molao wa tidimalo ga mmogo le dikgoreletsi tsa setshaba tse di emeng kgatlhanong le ene.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=43}}</ref></ref> <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=23}}</ref></ref>Tiro ya ga Dow ga e tlhome mogopolo fela mo dikamanong tsa dithata, mme e tlhoma mogopolo mo go tshoseng ga dipolao tsa dipheko le [[Femicide|dipolao tsa basadi]]. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=27}}</ref></ref>O tlhalosa sentle tumelo ya gagwe ya gore bomme e tlaa nna bone ba ba okameng diphetogo mo melaong ya go fedisa ditiro tse di ntseng jalo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=32}}</ref></ref> ''Buka ya Far and Beyon′'' e ne ya gatisiwa la ntlha mo Botswana mme morago ga moo ya gatisiwa kwa Australia. ''Buka ya 'The Screaming of the Innocent' e'' ne ya gatisiwa la ntlha kwa Australia mme ga gatisiwa gape kwa Aferikaborwa ka ngwaga wa 2003. Padi ya gagwe ya boraro, ya setlhogo sa ''Juggling Truths'', e ne ya gatisiwa mo ngwageng yo o kwa Australia mme ya gololwa mo ngwageng o o latelang kwa Aferika Borwa. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=36}}</ref></ref> Dow o ne a sekaseka gape mekgwa ya setso le ditlwaelo tsa setshaba tse di sa lolamang a bo a tswa ka maano a go di lwantsha. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref> Le fa a ne a sekaseka setšhaba sa Aferika mo nakong e e fetileng le dikgang tse di bakilweng ke go ganetsana le ditiro tsa segompieno tsa letso la batho-basweu le setso sa selegae, tiro e, e itebagantse thata le go lekalekanya mekgwa e e siameng le e e sa siamang mo setsong sa selegae. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|pp=38–39}}</ref></ref> Ka go dirisa moanelwa, Monei, yo e leng mosetsana yo mmotlana yo o nnang mo motseng wa selegae, Dow o sekaseka dingwao tse di fetedisitsweng mo dikokomaneng le tiriso ya mainane jaaka tsela ya go tsenya dikaelo tsa maitsholo le jaaka taolo ya botho jwa bana. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|M'Raijii|2017|p=77}}</ref></ref>Buka e o e botsa dipotso ka dikgang go akaretsa ditumelo tsa gore go bolaya [[:en:Monitor_lizard|kgwathe]] go dira gore go nne le ditsuatsue tse di tlhorontshang, gore go nna tsala le motho yo o nang le [[:en:Albinism|boswafe]] go dira gore motho a se ka a nna lesego, kgotsa gore go nwa motlhapo wa poo go ka thusa motho go ithuta go letsa molodi. Gape e akaretsa dipolelo tsa setshedi se se tona se se kometsang bana ga mmogo le moruti yo o itseelang dikobo ka dikgoka mo basetsaneng ba botlana. Melaetsa e e mo polelong e, e golaganya ''Juggling Truths'' le dipadi tse pedi tsa ntlha tsa ga Dow mme e akantsha batho gore basetsana le basadi ba kgona go tlhabolola maatla a bone ka thuto e bile ba kgona go ikakanyetsa. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|M'Raijii|2017|p=77}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=45}}</ref></ref>. Dow o atamela tshekatsheko ya gagwe ya go raraana ga dipopego tsa setshaba a dirisa ditsereganyo tse di farologaneng, a lemoga gore ga go na ditharabololo tse di bonolo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=39}}</ref></ref> ''Buka ya Juggling Truths'' e ne e le motlhophiwa wa [[Percy FitzPatrick Award|Mokgele wa Percy FitzPatrick]] mo setlhopheng sa bagolo ba ba botlana ka ngwaga wa 2006.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=149}}</ref></ref> == Dikwalo == Ka ngwaga wa 2000, fa Dow a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dipolelo, go ne go na le bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba tlhagisitse dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela mafatshe a a kwa ntle ga Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref>Lengwe la mabaka a seo e ne e le kganetso e e feteletseng ya boeteledipele jwa lefatshe la Botswana gore batho-basweu ba kwa ga Mmamosadinyana ba kopanye lefatshe la bone le [[Aforika Borwa|Aferikaborwa]], se se neng sa dira gore go nne le kganetso ya go itshireletsa kgatlhanong le tumelo ya [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|kopano ya mafatshe a Aferika]] go ne ga boa gape ga nna le go tlhoka peeletso mo dikgwebong tsa koketso-madi a setšhaba le mo tlhabololong ya thuto. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=34, 36}}</ref></ref> Mefuta ya dibuka tsa gagwe ka bobedi ba tsone go akaretsa tse e seng tsa dipolelo le tsa dipolelo di kopanya dintlhana tsa dikgang tse di amanang le setšhaba ga mmogo le tsa semolao e bile di supa ditlamorago tsa tsone mo go tsa bong le tsa ga mmogo le kabisano ya dithata.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref><ref name=":2"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=35}}</ref></ref> . Dibuka dingwe le dingwe tsa ga Dow di sekaseka mekgwa ya setšhaba e e bakang go sa lekalekane ga dikamano tsa dithata le go tlhotlheletsa [[:en:Domestic_violence|tiriso-dikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi]], [[:en:Child_sexual_abuse|tirisobotlhaswa ya bana,]] [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Africa#Southern_Africa|mathata a segajaja sa AIDS]], le [[:en:Gender_inequality|go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> Baanelwa mo dipolelong tsa gagwe ba dirisa mokgwa wa go akanya yo o tlwaelesegileng go ganetsa mekgwa ya ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ka fa ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa ngwao.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=153}}</ref></ref> Mo pading ya gagwe ya ntlha ya leina la '<nowiki/>''Far and Beyon′'' ya ngwaga wa 2000, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma mogopolo mo setlhogong se se botlhokwa sa leroborobo la bolwetsi jwa AIDS le ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka mo malwapeng, bogolo jang ka fa basadi ba ba tshelang mo setšhabeng se se dumelang mo ketelelongpele ke batho ba borre ba tshelang ka teng mo malwapeng a a se nang borre ka ntlha ya tshenyo e e bakileng mo magaeng a lefatshe la Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Leder Macharia|2012|p=249}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=40}}</ref></ref> E sekaseka melelwane e mekgwa ya setso, dingwao le metheo e e bayang mo basetsaneng ga mmogo le mo basading ka go dirisa dipopego tse di ikaegileng ka ketelelo pele ya banna.<ref name=":0" />Mo polelong e o, Mara, e bong mmè yo o sa itseng go bala le go kwala e bile a sa kgone go itshedisa, o setse a tsile a nyalwa ke monna a le mongwe a bo a tlhokafalelwa ke bana ba gagwe ba le babedi ka ntlha ya bolwetsi jwa AIDS, monna yo mongwe o ne a mo tlogela, mme monna wa gagwe wa boraro o ne a mo sotlaka.<ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0" />Mara o ne a amanya go swa ga bana ba gagwe le mmaba mongwe yo o fitlhegileng mme a batla dikarabo mo go bo [[:en:Divination|nkadilatlha]]. Le fa morwadie, wa leina la Mosadi, yo ka tlwaelo a itsegeng e le Mosa, le ngwana wa gagwe wa mosimane yo o setseng, e bong Stan, ba sa dumele gore a nkadilatlha o ka tlhalosa gore ke eng fa bokgaitsadie ba tlhokafetse, ba diragatsa fela dithomo tse ba di laetsweng. <ref name=":1" /> Fa Mosa a lemoga gore o mo mmeleng ebile o latlhilwe ke rraagwe ngwana, o tsaya tshwetso ya gore a senye mpa mo sephiring, go na le go imetsa mmaagwe yo o setseng a lebaganwe ke mathata.<ref name=":0" /> Mo maitekong a go fodisa lelwapa la gagwe, Mosa o sekaseka mekgwa ya tlwaelo e e kgaoganyang banna le basadi e bo e tsholeletsa megopolo ya borre kwa godimo, e ruta basadi go itlhokomolosa ditselana tse ba kgopisiwang ka tsone e bile ba sa tsewe sentle.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=41}}</ref></ref> Se e le tsela ya go fetlha boikanyo mo lelwapeng la gabone le mo setsong sa lefatshe la gabone, Mosa o ithuta go gana go amogela maitsholo a a sa lolamang mo tikologong ya gabone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref>Ka tsela e, mme Dow o ne a sekaseka ka moo go ineela ga setšhaba le go didimala ka diphoso mo setšhabeng go bakang tlhakatlhakano ya megopolo le go tiriso-botlhaswa ya batho ba ba se nang dithata ke ba ba nang le dithata go ba feta.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=38–40}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|alt=Photograph of asmiling African woman wearing a grey tweed jacket over a white v-necked blouse with a purple scarf and beaded necklace around her neck.|thumb| Mme Dow ka ngwaga wa 2011]] Melaetsa e e tshwanang e tsentswe mo pading ya bobedi ya ga Dow ya setlhogo sa '<nowiki/>''The Screaming of the Innocent'' ' ya ngwaga wa 2001, e le yone e sekasekang thatafatso ya basadi mo lefatsheng le le tletseng bonweenwee jwa mapodisi, dipolao tsa ditlhabelo tsa bongaka ba setso, diphiri mo metheong ya lefatshe ga mmogo le tidimalo ya setšhaba mo dikgannyeng tse.<ref name=":2" /> Fa a sekaseka mokgwa wa setso wa ''dipheko'', wa go bolaya motho go gopela dirwe tsa gagwe ka ntlha ya lesego le katlego e a nang le yone go ya ka tumelo ya maselamotse , Dow o supa ka fa bahumi le batho ba ba nang le dithata ba tshwarang baagedi ba metseselegae ba ba sa rutegang ka teng le ka fa ba rekang tidimalo ya ba ba mo maemong a molao ka teng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=40–41}}</ref></ref> Mo bukeng e, mosetsana mongwe o mmotlana o bolawa mo [[The bush|sekgweng]] gaufi le motse wa gaabo mme tshedimosetso ka ga tsheko e o e gateletswe ke mapodisi le banna ba ba nang le dithata tse di rileng ba lefelo la gabone. Go kgaoganngwa ga gagwe go fitlhegile mo pading jaaka sesupo sa go tlhoka go lemogiwa ga ditiro tse di ntseng jalo mo setšhabeng ka kakaretso.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref> Moanelwamogolo, e bong Amantle Bokaa, yo o wetsang [[:en:National_service|tirelo ya gagwe ya setshaba]], o ribolola diaparo tse di tletseng madi mo lebokosong la kokelwana e a abetsweng go berekela kwa go yone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=42–43}}</ref></ref>Diaparo tseo ke tsa motho yo o kileng a tlhaselwa pelenyana, mme fa di tlhagisiwa mo bathong ba motse di tsosa maitemogelo a gore ntlha e o ba ne ba e fitlhetswe. Ka go nne batho ba motse ba ne ba dumela gore Bokaa o ka seke a lebiwe ka tsela e e sa siamang e ba ba mo maemong a a rileng ba ba tshwarang ka yone, o tlhophiwa go bua le mapodisi mo boemong jwa batho ba motse.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=43}}</ref></ref>Ka lebaka la gore ke mosadi e bile ke ngwana, o ne a tlaa lebega a se na maatla, mme dithutego tsa gagwe, tse di neng tsa mo ruta bokgoni jwa go lebagana le baganetsi le go botsolosa ditumelo, di mo fa maatla le go itshepa go ka gwetlha molao wa tidimalo ga mmogo le dikgoreletsi tsa setshaba tse di emeng kgatlhanong le ene.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=43}}</ref></ref> <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=23}}</ref></ref>Tiro ya ga Dow ga e tlhome mogopolo fela mo dikamanong tsa dithata, mme e tlhoma mogopolo mo go tshoseng ga dipolao tsa dipheko le [[Femicide|dipolao tsa basadi]]. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=27}}</ref></ref>O tlhalosa sentle tumelo ya gagwe ya gore bomme e tlaa nna bone ba ba okameng diphetogo mo melaong ya go fedisa ditiro tse di ntseng jalo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=32}}</ref></ref> ''Buka ya Far and Beyon′'' e ne ya gatisiwa la ntlha mo Botswana mme morago ga moo ya gatisiwa kwa Australia. ''Buka ya 'The Screaming of the Innocent' e'' ne ya gatisiwa la ntlha kwa Australia mme ga gatisiwa gape kwa Aferikaborwa ka ngwaga wa 2003. Padi ya gagwe ya boraro, ya setlhogo sa ''Juggling Truths'', e ne ya gatisiwa mo ngwageng yo o kwa Australia mme ya gololwa mo ngwageng o o latelang kwa Aferika Borwa. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=36}}</ref></ref> Dow o ne a sekaseka gape mekgwa ya setso le ditlwaelo tsa setshaba tse di sa lolamang a bo a tswa ka maano a go di lwantsha. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref> Le fa a ne a sekaseka setšhaba sa Aferika mo nakong e e fetileng le dikgang tse di bakilweng ke go ganetsana le ditiro tsa segompieno tsa letso la batho-basweu le setso sa selegae, tiro e, e itebagantse thata le go lekalekanya mekgwa e e siameng le e e sa siamang mo setsong sa selegae. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|pp=38–39}}</ref></ref> Ka go dirisa moanelwa, Monei, yo e leng mosetsana yo mmotlana yo o nnang mo motseng wa selegae, Dow o sekaseka dingwao tse di fetedisitsweng mo dikokomaneng le tiriso ya mainane jaaka tsela ya go tsenya dikaelo tsa maitsholo le jaaka taolo ya botho jwa bana. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|M'Raijii|2017|p=77}}</ref></ref>Buka e o e botsa dipotso ka dikgang go akaretsa ditumelo tsa gore go bolaya [[:en:Monitor_lizard|kgwathe]] go dira gore go nne le ditsuatsue tse di tlhorontshang, gore go nna tsala le motho yo o nang le [[:en:Albinism|boswafe]] go dira gore motho a se ka a nna lesego, kgotsa gore go nwa motlhapo wa poo go ka thusa motho go ithuta go letsa molodi. Gape e akaretsa dipolelo tsa setshedi se se tona se se kometsang bana ga mmogo le moruti yo o itseelang dikobo ka dikgoka mo basetsaneng ba botlana. Melaetsa e e mo polelong e, e golaganya ''Juggling Truths'' le dipadi tse pedi tsa ntlha tsa ga Dow mme e akantsha batho gore basetsana le basadi ba kgona go tlhabolola maatla a bone ka thuto e bile ba kgona go ikakanyetsa. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|M'Raijii|2017|p=77}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=45}}</ref></ref>. Dow o atamela tshekatsheko ya gagwe ya go raraana ga dipopego tsa setshaba a dirisa ditsereganyo tse di farologaneng, a lemoga gore ga go na ditharabololo tse di bonolo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=39}}</ref></ref> ''Buka ya Juggling Truths'' e ne e le motlhophiwa wa [[Percy FitzPatrick Award|Mokgele wa Percy FitzPatrick]] mo setlhopheng sa bagolo ba ba botlana ka ngwaga wa 2006.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=149}}</ref></ref> Buka ya ga Dow ya ngwaga wa 2007 ya setlhogo sa '<nowiki/>''The Heavens May Fall'<nowiki/>'' e bua ka boitshupo jo bo fetogang go tswa mo setšhabeng se se remeletseng mo ditumelong tsa setso go ya kwa lefatsheng la ditumelo tsa segompieno . Go ya ka tebo ya ga mme Dow, setšhaba se nna fela se fetoga; ka ntlha ya seo, ngwao, bong, boitshupo, puo, dipopego le metheo ya setshaba le tsone di a fetoga.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=81}}</ref></ref> E bontsha botshelo jwa ga mme Dow ka bo ene, polelo e o, e bolela ka phetogo ya go tswa mo go tlhokeng ditsela go ya kwa go tsenyeng diphaephe mo matlong le kafa khumo ya diteemane e neng ya dira gore go nne le bokgoni jwa go bona thuto e e rileng, botsogo jo bo lolameng le ditirelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=84}}</ref></ref> [Buka e neeletswe bana ba gagwe ba bararo, e boeletsa ka fa dikakanyo ka ga bone di fetogileng ka teng, ka e le Maaferika, mme gape ba na le boitshupo jo bo raraaneng ka gore ntate wa bone e ne e le moagedi wa lefatshe la Amerika. Mo nakong e polelo e tswelelang ka yone ba ka bo ba bonwe ke setšhaba e le batswakwa. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=86}}</ref></ref> Polelo e, e bua ka Naledi, yo o tshotsweng pele ga Botswana a tlhabololwa mme e diragala ka nako ya fa Dow a gwetlha molao wa bosetšhaba.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=83}}</ref></ref> Jaaka mmueledi, Naledi o emetse bomme le bana ba ba ba tlhokang thuso ya tsereganyo kgotsa ya semolao. O tsaya tsheko ya motswasetlhabelo yo o mo dingwageng tsa bolesome wa kgang ya go tseelwa dikobo ka dikgoka mme o senola go raraana ga tsamaiso ya semolao e e laolwang ke batho ba borre, e e neng ya kgaphela tsheko kwa thoko ntle le theetso ya yone. Le fa tsheko e sa rarabololwa, mosekisiwa o ne a laelwa go dira tlhatlhobo ya mogare wa HIV, ka gore motswasetlhabelo wa gagwe o ne a kopane le tlhakanelo dikobo e e sa dirisetswang tshireletso, <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=87}}</ref></ref> mo go gatelelang diphetogo tsa lefatshe le go fetogafetoga ga dilo. Bong ga bo a neela mosekisiwa tshiamelo kgotsa dithata tsa go tila tlhatlhobo mo lefatsheng le tsamaiso ya semolao e nang le ditshireletso go akaretsa tshireletso ya basadi, <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=88}}</ref></ref> le fa tsamaiso ya semolao e ne ya felela e paletswe ke go thusa Naledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> 9bdar8j09gywd7a3qmjvlfpgdustecl 53607 53606 2026-07-30T07:14:00Z Lame Ralosetlha 12932 Created by translating the section "Writing" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358461802|Unity Dow]]" 53607 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Unity Dow|office=[[Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation (Botswana)|Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation]]|image=Unity Dow - PopTech 2011 - Camden Maine USA - 6269953840.jpg|alt=Photograph of an African woman in a grey brocaded suit standing in front of a backdrop depicting a group of African women in blue dresses, while giving a speech. She is wearing a geometrically patterned beaded neck collar, has a yellow device in her right hand, and is pointing with her left index finger to the left of the stage.|caption=Dow in 2011|predecessor=[[Vincent T. Seretse]]|president=[[Mokgweetsi Masisi]]|successor=[[Lemogang Kwape]]|term_start=2 November 2019|term_end=26 August 2020|majority2=193 (1.66%)|office2=[[Member of Parliament (Botswana)|Member of Parliament]] for [[Kgatleng West]]|predecessor2=''new constituency''|party=[[Botswana Congress Party]]|birth_name=Unity Diswai|birth_date={{birth date and age|1959|4|23|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Mochudi]], [[Bechuanaland Protectorate]] (now [[Botswana]]|spouse={{Marriage|Peter Nathan Dow|7 March 1984}}<br/> Karl J. Stahl{{sfn|Karlsruhe Institute of Technology|2008}}|children=3|alma_mater=[[University of Botswana and Swaziland]] ([[LLB]])<br>[[University of Edinburgh]]|profession=Lawyer, judge, politician, writer, and human rights activist}} '''Unity Dow''' (née '''Diswai'''; o tshotswe ka Moranang a le masome mabedi le boraro 1959) ke mmueledi wa [[Botswana|Motswana]]^{[<nowiki/>[[Batho ba ba tswang kwa Botswana ba bidiwa Motswana (bongwe) kgotsa Batswana (bontsi) .|N]]}^{[[Batho ba ba tswang kwa Botswana ba bidiwa Motswana (bongwe) kgotsa Batswana (bontsi) .|opolo 1]]]}, mokwadi, [[molweladitshwanelo tsa batho]] le [[Leloko la Palamente]] la [[Kgatleng Bophirima]] e sale ka Ngwanatsele 2024. O kile a nna moatlhodi kwa [[Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko ya Botswana]] le mo phateng a a farologaneng a Botswana. O tsholetswe kwa [[Bechuanaland|Bechuanaland Protectorate]] ke moroki le molemimorui, ba ba neng ba gatelela gore bana ba bone ba bone thuto, Dow o goletse mo motseng wa setso wa legae pele ga ditlhabololo tsa segompieno. O ne a bona thuto ya molao ka 1983 kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Botswana le Swaziland]], le fa dithuto tsa gagwe di ne tsa wediwa kwa Swaziland le kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Edinburgh]], kwa Scotland, ka Botswana a ne a sena sekolo sa molao ka nako eo. Fa a sena go aloga, Dow o ne a bula kantoro ya ntlha ya molao e le ya basadi gotlhe mo Botswana mme ka 1997 a nna mosadi wa ntlha go tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi kwa Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko ya lefatshe leo. Ka nako ya fa a ne a le mo tirong ya molao, Dow o ne a amega mo dikgetsing di le tharo tsa ditso mo Botswana. Ka 1992, e ne e le mongongoregi mo kgetsing e e botlhokwa ya semolao, ''[[Unity Dow v Attorney-Genera]]''l, e e neng ya fedisa go tlhaola batho ka bong mo [[melaong ya bosetšhaba]] ya setšhaba e pele e neng e sa letle bana go bona bosetšhaba mo go bommaabone ba ba nyetsweng. Kgetse e ne ya bonela Dow tebelelo ya boditšhabatšhaba mme ya tsosa lekhubu la diphetogo tse di fedisang go sa lekalekane ga bong mo melaong ya bosetšhaba go ralala Aforika. Ka 2006, jaaka moatlhodi yo o okametseng kgetse ya ga ''Roy Sesana and Others v. the Government of Botswana'', Dow o ne a atlhola kgatlhanong le ditiro tsa puso tsa go thibela [[batho ba tlholego ba Basarwa]] go nna le go tsoma mo [[mafelong a borraabonemogologolwane]], mme seo sa ba pateletsa go nna gape kwa ntle ga [[Central Kalahari Game Reserve]]. O ne a atlhola gore puso e tshwanetse go busetsa ditirelo tsa motheo, e letle Basarwa go boela mo lefatsheng le go bona ditetla tsa go tsoma, le go duela ditshenyegelo mo go ba ba fudusitsweng ka dikgoka fa ba ka tlhopha go se boele. Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Dow o ne a dira jaaka mmueledi wa semolao wa [[LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo kgetseng ya bone ya go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa Lephateng la Kwadiso ya Matsalo mme ba atlega go amogela katlholo ya gore puso e letle mokgatlho o kwadisiwe. Dow o ne a tlhophiwa la ntlha go tsena mo [[Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba]] ka 2014, fa a ne a tlhophiwa ke Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] jaaka mopalamente yo o itlhophetsweng. O ne a tlhomiwa la ntlha go nna Mothusa Tona wa Thuto mme ka 2015 a nna Tona ya Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Dikitso. Morago ga moo o ne a dira jaaka Tona ya Thuto ya Motheo, Tona ya Mafaratlhatlha le Tlhabololo, le Tona ya Merero ya mafatshe a sele, pele ga a nna moeteledipele wa [[lemorago]] ka 2020. O dirile mo dikhuduthamageng le dikomiting di le mmalwa tsa boditšhabatšhaba, a sekaseka tiriso ya melao e e amang ditshwanelo tsa batho kwa [[Kenya]], [[Palastina]], [[Rwanda]] le [[Sierra Leone]]. Ka 2000, Dow o ne a simolola go gatisa dipadi, ka tlwaelo o ne a lebile dikgang tsa loago le tsa semolao le ditlamorago tsa tsone mo dipopegong tsa bong le tsa maatla. Dibuka tse di sekaseka mekgwa ya loago le go dirisa batho botlhaswa ka go ba sotlaka, go dirisa dikgoka le go gatelela ditshwanelo tsa batho. O amogetse dikakgolo le ditlotla di le dintsi ka ntlha ya tiro ya gagwe ya go thusa batho, go akaretsa le [[Legion of Honor]] ka 2010. == Botshelo jwa pele le thuto == Unity Dow o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Moranang e le malatsi a masome mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 1959 mo motseng wa [[Mochudi]], mo [[Kgaolo ya Kgatleng|kgaolong ya Kgatleng]], mo lefatsheng la [[Botswana]] le ka nako eo e neng ele [[Bechuanaland|Bechuanaland Protectorate]]<ref name=":0">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLedererMacharia-Mokobi2012|Lederer & Macharia-Mokobi 2012]], p. 248.</ref><ref name=":15">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004]], p. 34.</ref> mo batsading ba gagwe Phiri le Maefshane Diswai (ba ba itsegeng gape ka leina la Moses le Ellen Diswai), ditlogolwana tsa merafe ya tlholego ya [[Basarwa]] le maloko a merafe ya Bakgatla. Motseselegae o a goletseng mo go one o ne o sa tshelwa ditsela, motlakase le metsi a a elang. Go ne go sena mesokelatsebeng e bile o ne a ise a bone setsidifatsi go fitlha a nna mo dingwageng tsa bonana, le fa e le thelebishene go fitlha a nna dingwaga di le masome a mabedi.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDaymondLenta2004|Daymond & Lenta 2004]], p. 48.</ref><ref name=":1">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFEllis2012|Ellis 2012.]]</ref> Mmaagwe e ne e le moroki, yo o neng a kgona go bala le go kwala ka [[Setswana]], mme e seng Seesemane.<ref name=":2">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFSunday_Standard2007|''Sunday Standard'' 2007.]]</ref><ref name=":3">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDaymondLenta2004|Daymond & Lenta 2004]], p. 49.</ref> Rraagwe, yo o neng a bereka mo polasing e nnye, o ne a bua le go bala Seesemane.<ref name=":3" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNarloch2012|Narloch 2012]], p. 3.</ref> Fa rraagwe a ne a le kwa sekolong, o ne a gapa thuso ya madi a go tsena [[Yunibesithi ya Fort Hare]], mme thuso eo e ne ya newa morwa kgosi boemong jwa gagwe. Mo batsading ba gagwe ka bobedi, thuto e ne ya nna selo sa botlhokwa mme bana ba bone ba le barataro mo go ba le supa ba ne ba wetsa dithuto tsa bone tsa yunibesithi.<ref name=":3" /> Dithuto tsa bone tsa [[Bophirima]] di ne di sa tlwaelega mo metseselegaeng ya Botswana ka nako eo.<ref name=":2" /> Diswai o weditse dithuto tsa gagwe tse di potlana le tse dikgolwane kwa Mochudi.<ref name=":0" /> Morago ga sekolo se segolwane, o ne a ithutela molao kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Botswana le Swaziland]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Ka gonne go ne go sena sekolo sa molao mo Botswana ka nako eo, ka fa tlase ga thulaganyo ya thuso ya Borithane o ne a tsena yunibesithi kwa [[Eswatini|Swaziland]] mme a wetsa dingwaga di le pedi tsa dithuto kwa Scotland, kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Edinburgh]], pele ga a bona digerata ya gagwe ya [[Bachelor of Laws]] ka 1983 kwa Yunibesithing ya Botswana le Swaziland.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":4">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFUniversity_of_Edinburgh2010|University of Edinburgh 2010.]]</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDaymondLenta2004|Daymond & Lenta 2004]], pp. 49–50.</ref> == Molao le bolweladitshwanelo == === Tiro ya gagwe ya pele (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity Dow - PopTech 2011 - Camden Maine USA - 6266756376.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Unity Dow]] Diswai o ne a bona dithutego tsa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go bereka kwa dikantorong tsa [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana]] e le mosekisi wa melato ya borukutlhi kwa [[Gaborone]]. O nyalane le moagi wa Amerika, Peter Nathan Dow, ka Mopitlo a supa 1984. Banyalani ba ba ne ba nna kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0" /> Ka 1986, Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong e e ikemetseng ka nosi e e neng e dira tiro ya molao wa bosenyi, mme a bula feme ya Dow Malakaila, e leng feme ya ntlha ya molao ya basadi-botlhe mo lefatsheng leo. Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa bomme mo Botswana sa [[Emang Basadi]] (Emela Basadi ka dinao). Ka 1988, leina la feme le ne la fetolwa moragonyana go nna Dow Lesetedi and Company.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFSegwai2008|Segwai 2008.]]</ref><ref name=":4" /> Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a simolola mmogo mokgatlho wa Basadi le Molao mo Borwa jwa Aforika (WLSA) go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dikgetsi.<ref name=":0" /> Go tloga ka 1988 go fitlha ka 1991, Dow o ne a direla WLSA dipatlisiso, a thusa go wetsa thutopatlisiso ya kgaolo ka ga ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi mo mafatsheng a le marataro tse di mabapi.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":2" /> Ka 1990, o thusitse go tlhoma Lefelo la Tshedimosetso la Basadi la Metlhaetsile go rotloetsa thuto ka ditshwanelo tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka 1990, Dow o ne a tlhatlhela kgetsi kwa [[Kgotla Kgolong ya Ditsheko ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" /> Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagi wa 1984, ke fela [[bana ba ba seng ka fa molaong]] ba ba neng ba ka bona bosetšhaba ka mmaabo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1992|Quansah 1992]], p. 196.</ref> Ka bana ba gagwe ba le babedi mo go ba le bararo le Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa tsewe e le Batswana.<ref name=":6">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBeyani1994|Beyani 1994]], p. 294.</ref> Ka go boifa gore go ka nna le kgonagalo ya gore fa tetla ya ga Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng e felelwa ke nako ka 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ka nna la patelesega go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola kgetsi ya [[Unity Dow v Attorney-General]] a latofatsa gore Molao wa Boagi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefadiwa le go sotlakakwa mo go seng mo sethong. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhela e ema Dow nokeng e dumalana gore molao o ama tlhopho ya gagwe e e gololesegileng ya gore o tla nyala mang, o ka mo pateletsa go kgaogana le lelwapa la gagwe fa ditetlelelo tsa bonno tsa monna wa gagwe le bana ba gagwe di sa ntšhwafadiwe, mme o ne o tlhaola.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFColdham1992|Coldham 1992]], pp. 91–92.</ref> === Tiro ya magareng (1991–2009) === Dow o ne a tsere sebaka sa dingwaga di le pedi a beetse tiro ya gagwe ya molao kwa tlhoko ka 1991 ka ntlha ya kgetse e mme ka nako eo, o ne a simolola mmogo Sekolo se se botlana sa Baobob kwa Gaborone le AIDS Action Trust.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":8">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFColumbia_Law_School2009|Columbia Law School 2009.]]</ref> O ne a dira jaaka mogokaganyi wa WLSA go tloga ka 1992 go fitlha ka 1994,<ref name=":5" /> fa boikuelo jwa kgetse ya gagwe bo santse bo letilwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo, ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya nganga gore go tlhaola basadi go sireleditswe ke dipeelo tsa molaomotheo go somarela dingwao tsa setso tsa Botswana, e e neng e le setšhaba sa [[losika lwa borre]].<ref name=":6" /> <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], pp. 190–191.</ref> Mmueledi Mogolo le ene o ne a ganela gore Dow o ne a na le maitsetsepelo, a bolela gore ene ka boene ga a a utlwisiwa botlhoko ke sepe.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], p. 190.</ref> [[Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Tautona ya Baatlhodi [[Austin Amissah]], e ne ya swetsa ka gore kgethololo ya bong e thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ka se fete dipeelo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse Botswana e neng e na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le modumedi wa tsone.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBeyani1994|Beyani 1994]], p. 295.</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], p. 196.</ref> Mo kgannyeng ya maitsetsepelo, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go na le kgonagalo ya gore a ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne a gobaditswe, mme go kgaogana le ba lelwapa la gagwe go tla bo go nyenyefatsa le go tlhoka setho.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], pp. 200–201.</ref> Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa katlholo ya Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditseko ka diphetogo tse dinnye, ya bolela gore Dikarolo tsa bone le botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagi ga di dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], p. 189.</ref> Ka ntlha ya katlholo e e botlhokwa e, ka 1995 Molao wa Boagi o ne wa baakanngwa go tlosa go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go boneng bosetšhaba mo Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFManby2010|Manby 2010]], p. 50.</ref> Katlholo e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go ralala Aforika go gatelela phetogo mo melaong ya bone ya bosetšhaba le go fedisa go sa lekalekane ga bong, mme seno sa felela ka gore mo e ka nnang sephatlo sa mafatshe a Aforika a baakanye melao ya bosetšhaba ka 2010.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPailey2020|Pailey 2020]], p. 1839.</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFManby2010|Manby 2010]], p. 48.</ref> Go tloga ka 1994 go fitlha ka 1998, Dow o ne a dira jaaka mokaedi wa Setheo sa Tshedimosetso sa Basadi sa Metlhaetsile mme ka nako eo o ne a gatisa ''The Citizenship Case'' ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le botlhano, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa kgetse ya gagwe.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":4" /> Ka 1996, o ne a dira mo kgetsing e e neng e amana le [[go tlhokomela bana]] e e neng ya felela ka gore go dirwe phetolo ya melao ya tshegetso, mme ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bosupa o ne a tlhagisa kgetse ka ga [[bolwetse jwa basadi ba ba itewang]], a tsaya gore tseno ke dikgang tse di botlhokwa mo basading.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":9">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDavis2014|Davis 2014]], p. 227.</ref> Mo ngwageng oo, Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi kwa [[Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kwa kgotlatshekelong ka Firikgong 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5" /> Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetlho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go dira jaaka moatlhodi kwa Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko.<ref name=":16">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLedererMacharia-Mokobi2012|Lederer & Macharia-Mokobi]] 2012, p. 249.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone , Dow o ne a dira jaaka karolo ya thomo ya [[Lekgotla la Ditshaba]] go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le [[Charlotte Abaka]] wa Mo-Ghana, yo e kileng ya bo e le modulasetilo wa [[Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref name=":7">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDivision_for_the_Advancement_of_Women2004|Division for the Advancement of Women 2004]], p. 8.</ref> [[Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya Middle East Technical University ya Bong le Basadi; kwa [[Ankara]], kwa Turkey;<ref name=":7" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBianet2019|Bianet 2019.]]</ref> [[Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa Gender Studies and Human Rights Documentation Centre kwa [[Accra]];<ref name=":7" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBowman2019|Bowman 2019]], p. 4.</ref> le Moaforika Borwa, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]], moporofesara wa molao kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Puso ya Pennsylvania|Yunibesithing ya Pennsylvania]] [[Yunibesithing ya Puso ya Pennsylvania|State]].<ref name=":7" /> Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna molaodi wa [[Khuduthamaga ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong ao ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe.<ref name=":12">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLazaroff2012|Lazaroff 2012]].</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro , o ne a tlhophiwa go direla mo komiting e kgolo ya Khuduthamaga ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi le balaodi ba le barataro ba ba boelelang le maloko a mararo a masha, go akaretsa le ene, [[Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa [[Serbia]] le [[Raji Sourani]] wa [[Palastina]].<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPalestinian_Centre_for_Human_Rights2006|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights 2006]].</ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo kgetsing ya ''[[Roy Sesana and Others v. the Government of Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa kwa Kgotleng Kgolo ya Ditsheko ka 2002 ke batho ba Basarwa<ref name=":10">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], pp. 103–104, 107.</ref> (ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba bidiwang batho ba naga ya Kalahari)<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":9" /> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa kgetsi mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le 241 ba ba neng ba tsena mo kgetsing fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e fedisa metsi mo lefelong leno la polokelo, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisa go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, le go leka go tlosa Basarwa ka dikgoka kwa ba nnang teng. Ba ne ba baakanya kgetse ya bone go akaretsa go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo le makgabisa naga go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong la tshireletso kwantle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya diteseletso tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref name=":10" /> Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka 2006, Dow o ne ya swetsa ka gore go fedisiwa ga ditirelo le go patelediwa go fudusiwa ga Basarwa go ne go emela tlolomolao ya tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaomotheo.<ref name=":5" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], pp. 108–109.</ref> O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ditshenyegelo di duelwe ba ba neng ba fudusitswe mme ba se na keletso ya go boa.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], p. 109.</ref> Mo kgannyeng ya diteseletso tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro ba ne ba dumalana gore di ne di thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, ka le fa Lephata la Diphologolo le makgabisa Naga le ne le sa patelesege go ntsha diteseletso, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela ka nako e gape ba neng ba emisa mophako, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa batho ba Basarwa jwa go itshedisa.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], pp. 115–117.</ref> Mo kgannyeng ya diteseletso tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go dirisa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], p. 120.</ref> Kgetse e, go ya ka moporofesa wa molao Clement Ng'ong'ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana go amogela ditshwanelo tsa batho ba tlholego mo mafatsheng a borraabonemogologolwane.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], p. 121.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bosupa, Dow o ne a dira jaaka leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya Rwanda le go sekaseka gore lefatshe le ka tswa jang mo [[dikgotlhang]] tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya yone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo dikgetseng tsa [[polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba bo tshekiso e e sa tseeng letlhakore.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREF%C3%85hlund2007|Åhlund 2007]], p. 5.</ref><ref name=":11">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFUniversity_of_South_Australia2009|University of South Australia 2009]].</ref> Nngwe ya dikgetsi tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le malebang le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la dino tse di tagang. Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome mararo mme kgetse e ne ya feleletsa e tholotswe.<ref name=":5" /> O ne a rola tiro mo setilong ka kgwedi ya Moranang,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[Sekolong sa Molao sa Yunibesithi ya Washington le Lee]] kwa [[Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a dira jaaka moporofesa yo o etileng kwa [[Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":11" /> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010–gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome , Dow o ne a tlhoma feme ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi eo o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[Tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong ya Nakwana e e Ikemetseng ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go diragatsa [[Molaomotheo]] o mosha wa Kenya.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNSW_Bar_Association2011|NSW Bar Association 2011]].</ref><ref name=":9" /> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bongwe , o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetulo wa Komiti e kgolo ya Molaodi wa Khuduthamaga ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCrowe2011|Crowe 2011]].</ref> Mo ngwageng oo Dow o ne a simolola go dira le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo tse dingwe tsa [[batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa Omang tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCamminga2020|Camminga 2020]], pp. 247–248.</ref> Ka nako eo kwa Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba baakanye ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dikwalong tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ne ba ya kwa ofising ya Omang le kwadiso matsalo go fetola dikwalo tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go tla ka taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCamminga2020|Camminga 2020]], pp. 244, 248.</ref> Ba ne ba kopa Dow go ba thusa, mme ene o ne a ikgolaganya le [[Setheo sa Ditsheko sa Aforika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le tshegetso ya madi.<ref name=":13">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCamminga2020|Camminga 2020]], p. 248.</ref> Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla newa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke kgetse, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo kgetsing e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa dikgetse tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref name=":13" />^{[Nopolo ya boraro]} Go fitlhelela seo, Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho wa [[LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo kgetsing ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya matsalo. Mokgatlho o ne o ganetswe ka go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Badiri le Merero ya Selegae, ka mabaka a gore ditiro tsa thatano ya bong di ne di se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng leo. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho go tlola tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore kgetse e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa thobalano, mme e le gore a maloko a ka kokoana le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMokwape2014a|Mokwape 2014a]].</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone , Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha le go se letla go kopana go ne go tlola Molaomotheo, Dikarolo ya boraro, lesome le bobedi, le lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, kgololesego ya go kopana, le kgololesego ya go kokoana ka go latelana.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMokwape2014b|Mokwape 2014b]].</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity Dow and Macsuzy Mondon, September 2015.jpg|thumb|200x200px|BoTona Dow le [[Macsuzy Mondon]] (Seychelles) ba saena Memo ya Kutlwano ya lenaneo la kananyo ya barutabana, 2015]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi a le malatsi marataro ngwaga wa dikete tse pedile lesome le bobedi , Dow o ne a tlhomiwa ke [[Lekgotla la Ditshwanelo tsa Batho la Lekgotla la Ditshaba]] jaaka mongwe wa baitseanape ba le bararo ba ba ikemetseng go dira thomo ya go batlisisa dintlha ka ga ka moo mafelo a bonno a Iseraele a kwa West Bank a amang Bapalestina ka teng.<ref name=":12" /> Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a swetsa go tsena mo dipolotiking mme a tsenelela lekoko la [[Botswana Democratic Party]].<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFSunday_Standard2012a|''Sunday Standard'' 2012a]].</ref> O ne a emela [[ditlhopho tsa setshaba tsa 2014]] tsa Kgaolo ya Mochudi Bophirima, mme a latlhegelwa ke go bata setilo mo Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBasimanebotlhe2014|Basimanebotlhe 2014]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane a le masome mabedi le boferabobedi ,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone, Dow o ne a tlhophiwa, mmogo le bontlhopheng ba bangwe ba le barataro, ke Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] wa Botswana jaaka leloko le le itlhophetsweng la palamente. Mmogo le [[Kenneth Matambo]], [[Kitso Mokaila]], le Eric Molale, o ne a fenya ditlhopho mme a tlhomiwa go nna Mothusa Tona wa Thuto mo Pusong eo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMotsamai2014|Motsamai 2014]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMosikare2014|Mosikare 2014]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Dikitso ke Khama, a tlhatlhama [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]], Mothusatautona wa Botswana yo wa nako eo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPiet2015|Piet 2015]].</ref> Ka nako ya fa a ne a le mo Lephateng, Dow o ne a tlhoma lenaneo la go katisa barutabana go tswa kwa Seychelles kwa Botswana le go romela barutabana ba Batswana kwa ntle go ya go thusa Seychelles ka tlhaelo ya barutabana.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPhiloBonnelame2015|Philo & Bonnelame 2015]].</ref> O ne a direla mo maemong ao go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borataro, fa mo kabakanngwa cabinet, a ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto ya Motheo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMmegi2016b|''Mmegi'' 2016b]].</ref> Morago ga gore Khama a tloge mo maemong a botautona ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi , Dow o ne a sutisiwa ke Tautona yo o tsenang Masisi go tswa mo Thutong go ya kwa maemong a Tona ya Mafaratlhatlha le Tlhabololo ya Matlo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMwakideu2018|Mwakideu 2018]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGabathuse2018|Gabathuse 2018]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi 2018, mo phetogong ya cabinet, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Merero ya Mafatshe a Sele, a ananya setilo sa gagwe mo Mafaratlhatlheng le Matlo le Vincent Tina Seretse, yo o neng a tshwere Merero ya Mafatshe a sele mo nakong e e fetileng.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMorupisi2018|Morupisi 2018]].</ref> Masisi o ne a fenya botautona mo [[ditlhophong tsa setshaba tsa 2019]] mme a tlhomamisa gape Dow jaaka Tona ya Merero ya Mafatshe a Sele ya palamente ya bo lesome le bobedi ya Botswana.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMmegi2019|''Mmegi'' 2019]].</ref> Dow mmogo le barwadie Cheshe le Natasha, o ne a bula Dow Academy kwa Mochudi, [[Kgaolo ya Kgatleng]] ka Firikgong 2020. Sekolo seno se se ikemetseng se ruta thuto e potlana le e kgolwane.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLuebering2020|Luebering 2020]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi , Dow o ne a tlogela bodiredi jwa gagwe mme a emisediwa ka Lemogang Kwape mo phetogong ya cabinet.<ref name=":14">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMotlhoka2020|Motlhoka 2020]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGabathuse2020|Gabathuse 2020]].</ref> Dow o buile ka kgato e, "Jaaka tona o bua thata ka portfolio ya gago. Mme [[banka e e kwa morago]] e go naya kgololesego ya go botsolotsa dikgang tse di farologaneng tse di amang bosetšhaba. Tekanyetso e le nosi ke boemo jwa lekoko la me mo kgannyeng e e rileng".<ref name=":14" /> == Go kwala == Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi , fa Dow a ne a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dinaane, ke bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba dirile dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela babadi kwa ntle ga Botswana. <ref name=":15" /> Lengwe la mabaka a seno e ne e le kganetso e e tiileng ya boeteledipele jwa Batswana gore MaBorithane ba kopanye kgaolo ya bona le ya Aforika Borwa, e e neng ya isa kwa go itshireletseng kgatlhanong le Pan-Africanism le go tlhoka dipeeletso mo mafaratlhatlheng a setšhaba le tlhabololo ya thuto. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;34, 36.</ref> Bobedi dibuka tsa gagwe tsa non-fiction le tsa fiction di kopanya dikgang tsa loago le tsa semolao le seabe sa tsona mo bong le mo kagong ya maatla. <ref name=":9" /> <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] p.&#x20;35.</ref>Mosebetsi o mong le o mong wa Dow o hlahloba ditlwaelo tsa setjhaba tse lebisang ho se leka-lekane ha dikamano tsa matla le ho susumetsa pefo kgahlanong le basadi, tlhekefetso ya thobalano ya bana, bothata ba AIDS, le ho se lekane ha bong. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFJenkins2012|Jenkins 2012,]] p.&#x20;151.</ref> Batho ba ba mo bukeng ya gagwe ba dirisa tlhaloganyo go ganana le ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa setso sa setso. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFJenkins2012|Jenkins 2012]], p.&#x20;153.</ref> Ka padi ya gagwe ya ntlha, Far and Beyon' (2000), Dow o ne a bua thata ka ga leroborobo la AIDS le ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka mo malapeng, segolo jang ka fa basadi ba ba tshelang mo setšhabeng sa borra-bana ba lebanang le malapa a a senang borre ka ntlha ya tshenyo e e tlisitseng kwa Botswana ya kwa magaeng. <ref name=":16" /><ref name=":17">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGagiano2004|Gagiano 2004,]] p.&#x20;40.</ref>E sekaseka dithibelo tsa ditlwaelo tsa setso, meetlo, le ditheo tse di beilweng mo basading le mo basading ka go dirisa dikago tse di ikaegileng ka banna.<ref name=":17" /> Mo kanegelong eno, Mara, mmè yo o sa itseng go bala le go kwala yo o nang le bokgoni jo bo lekanyeditsweng jwa go itlamela, o setse a na le monna a le mongwe le barwa ba le babedi ba ba bolawang ke AIDS, monna yo mongwe a mo latlha, mme molekane wa gagwe wa boraro o mo sotla.<ref name=":18">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004]], p.&#x20;38</ref> <ref name=":17" />Mara o bolela gore loso lwa barwa ba gagwe lo bakilwe ke mmaba yo o fitlhegileng mme o batla dikarabo mo go yo o bolelelang pele isagwe. Le fa morwadie, Mosadi (e e rayang mosadi), yo o itsegeng jaaka Mosa, le morwawe yo o setseng, Stan, ba sa dumele gore meetlo ya mmoki e tla tlhalosa gore ke ka ntlha yang fa bomorwarraabone ba sule, ba tsamaya mmogo le meletlo e e laetsweng. <ref name=":18" /> Fa Mosa a lemoga gore o imile mme o latlhetswe ke rraagwe ngwana, o swetsa go senya mpa ka sephiri, go na le go imetsa mmaagwe go feta.<ref name=":18" /> Mo maitekong a go fodisa lelapa la gagwe, Mosa o sekaseka ditlwaelo tsa loago tse di kgaoganyang banna le basadi le go godisa ditiro tsa banna, a ruta basadi go itlhokomolosa diphoso tsa bone. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGagiano2004|Gagiano 2004,]] p.&#x20;41.</ref>A nna a ikanyega mo lelapeng la gagwe le mo setsong sa gagwe, o ithuta go gana go amogela maitsholo a a sa siamang mo setšhabeng sa gaabo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGagiano2004|Gagiano 2004,]] p.&#x20;42.</ref>Ka tsela e, Dow o tlhatlhoba gore go ineela ga setšhaba le go didimala ka diphoso mo setšhabeng go isa jang kwa tlhakatlhakanong ya mogopolo le go dirisa ba ba senang maatla ka tsela e e sa siamang ke ba ba nang le maatla go feta. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;38–40.</ref> Dipolelo tse di tshwanang di ne tsa tsenngwa mo bukeng ya bobedi ya ga Dow, The Screaming of the Innocent (2001), e e sekasekang gape maatlafatso ya basadi mo nageng e e tletseng ka bonweenwee jwa sepodisi, polao ya ngwao, sephiri sa setheo, le tidimalo ya setšhaba. <ref name=":15" /> Go batlisisa tlwaelo ya setso ya dipheko, go bolaya mongwe go kotula dirwe tsa gagwe tsa mmele ka ntlha ya dinonofo tsa bone tsa boselamose tsa lesego le katlego, Dow o bontsha ka moo bahumi le ba ba maatla ba tsomang ka teng batho ba ba sa itseng go bala le go kwala ba kwa magaeng le go reka tidimalo ya babusi. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;40–41.</ref>Mo bukeng, mosetsanyana o bolailwe mo sekgweng gaufi le motse wa gaabo mme tshedimosetso ka ga kgetsi e ne ya thibelwa ke sepodisi le banna ba ba maatla ba lefelo la gaabo. Go kgaolwa ga mmele wa gagwe go fitlhilwe mo bukeng e le letshwao le le supang gore batho ga ba amogele mekgwa e e ntseng jalo mo setšhabeng ka kakaretso. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] p.&#x20;42.</ref>Protagonist, Amantle Bokaa, yo o fetsang tirelo ya gagwe ya bosetšhaba (e e itsegeng kwa Botswana jaaka Tirelo Sechaba), o fitlhela diaparo tse di nang le madi mo kamoreng ya tleliniki e a e abetsweng.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;42–43.</ref> Diaparo tseno ke tsa motho mongwe yo o neng a bolailwe pele ga moo, mme fa di neelwa baagi ba motse ba lemoga gore ba ne ba sa di itse. Bokaa, ka gore baagi ba motse ba dumela gore ga a kitla a bonwa ka tsela e e sa siamang ke balaodi, o tlhophiwa go bua le mapodisi mo boemong jwa baagi ba motse.[ 78] Ka gore ke mosadi le ngwana, o lebega a sena maatla, mme thuto ya gagwe, e e mo rutileng bokgoni jwa go dirisana le kganetso le go belaela ditumelo, e mo naya maatla le boitshepo go gwetlha molao wa tidimalo le dikgoreletsi tsa loago mo tseleng ya gagwe. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] p.&#x20;43.</ref> <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNgom2018|Ngom 2018,]] p.&#x20;23.</ref>Tiro ya ga Dow ga e bue fela ka dikamano tsa maatla, mme gape e bua ka dilo tse di tshosang tsa polao ya ngwao le polao ya basadi.[ 80] O tlhalosa ka tlhamalalo tumelo ya gagwe ya gore basadi e tla nna bone ba ba tla fetolang dipholisi go fedisa mekgwa e e ntseng jalo.[ 81] Far and Beyon′ e ne ya gololwa la ntlha kwa Botswana mme morago ya gatisiwa kwa Australia. The Screaming of the Innocent e ne ya gatisiwa la ntlha kwa Australia mme ya gatisiwa gape kwa Afrika Borwa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le boraro. Buka ya gagwe ya boraro, Juggling Truths, e ne ya phasaladiwa ngwaga oo kwa Australia mme ya gololwa ngwaga o o latelang kwa Afrika Borwa. 82] Dow gape o ne a tlhatlhoba ditlwaelo tsa setso tse di sa siamang le ditlwaelo tsa loago ka maano a go di lwantsha.[ 83] Le fa a ne a kile a batlisisa ka ga setšhaba sa Aforika le mathata a a bakilweng ke go ganana le segompieno sa Bophirima le setso sa selegae, tiro e e tsepamisitse maikutlo mo tiragalong ya go lekalekanya go dumalana le ditlwaelo tse di siameng le tse di sa siamang mo setsong sa selegae. [ Ka go dirisa setshwano sa Monei, mosetsana yo monnye yo o nnang mo motseng wa magae, Dow o tlhatlhoba dingwao tsa molomo le tiriso ya ditlhamane le ditlhamane jaaka tsela ya go tsenya dikaelo tsa maitsholo le jaaka taolo ya loago mo baneng. 85] Buka eno e gwetlha dilo tse di jaaka tumelo ya gore go bolaya segwagwa se se nnang se lebile go ka baka matsubutsubu a magolo, gore go tsalana le motho yo o nang le boswafi go ka tlisa bomadimabe, kana gore go nwa motlhapo wa poo go ka thusa motho go ithuta go letsa molodi. Gape e na le dipolelo tse di buang ka selalome sa monna se se medisang bana le moruti yo o sotlang basetsana ka tlhakanelodikobo. Ditema tse di mo kanegelong di golaganya Juggling Truths le dibuka tsa ntlha tse pedi tsa ga Dow mme di kaya gore basetsana le basadi ba kgona go tlhabolola nonofo ya bone ka thuto le go akanya ka go ikemela. 85][86] Dow o atamela tshekatsheko ya gagwe ya go raraana ga loago a dirisa mefuta e e farologaneng ya ditsereganyo, a lemoga gore ga go na ditharabololo tse di bonolo.[ 87] Juggling Truths e ne e le moanelwa wa Percy FitzPatrick Prize mo setlhopheng sa basha ba ba godileng ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro.[ 88] Buka ya Dow ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bosupa ya The Heavens May Fall e bua ka boitshupo jo bo fetogang go tswa mo setšhabeng sa setso go ya mo lefatsheng la segompieno la lefatshe lotlhe. Mo matlhong a ga Dow, setšhaba se fetoga ka metlha; ka ntlha ya seo, ngwao, bong, boitshupo, puo, kago ya loago le ditheo di a fetoga. 89] Kgang e e buang ka botshelo jwa ga Dow, e bua ka phetogo go tswa mo ditseleng tse di se nang ditshipi go ya go diphaepe tsa metsi tsa mo teng ga ntlo le ka moo khumo ya teemane e neng ya dira gore go nne le thuto, tlhokomelo ya boitekanelo le ditirelo.[ Buka e e neetswe bana ba gagwe ba bararo, e boeletsa ka moo dikakanyo ka ga bone di fetogileng ka teng, jaaka e le Maaforika, mme gape ba abelana ka boitshupo jo bo raraaneng ka gonne rraabone e ne e le moagi wa US. Mo nakong e kgang e diragalang ka yone, ba ne ba tla tsewa e le batswakwa. 91] Kgang e e bua ka Naledi, yo o belegweng pele ga go dirwa ga Botswana sešwa mme e diragala ka nako ya fa Dow a ne a gwetlha molao wa bosetšhaba.[ 92] Jaaka mmueledi, Naledi o emela basadi ba ba bokoa le bana ba ba tlhokang katlholo kgotsa thuso ya semolao. O tsaya kgetsi ya lekgarebe lengwe le le neng la betelelwa mme o senola gore tsamaiso ya semolao e e laolwang ke banna e ne e na le seabe, e leng se se dirileng gore kgetsi eno e se ka ya sekwa ka nako ya tsheko. Le fa kgetse e sa rarabololwa, molatofadiwa o ne a laelwa go dira teko ya HIV, ka ntlha ya gore motlhaselwa wa gagwe o ne a kile a tlhakanela dikobo a sa itshireletsa,[93] se se gatelelang diphetogo tsa loago le go fetofetoga ga maemo. Go nna monna ga go ne go naya molatofadiwa tshiamelo kgotsa maatla a go tila teko mo nageng e mo go yona tsamaiso ya molao e nang le tshireletso go akaretsa tshireletso ya basadi,[94] go sa kgathalesege gore tsamaiso ya molao e ne ya palelwa kwa bofelong Naledi.[ 68 Dow o nnile le seabe mo bukeng ya Schicksal Afrika (Phelelo ya Aforika) e e neng ya kokoanngwa ke Moporesitente wa pele wa Jeremane Horst Köhler ka 2010, e e neng ya kokoanya dibuka tsa bakwadi ba ba itsegeng thata.[95] Padi ya gagwe e ne e lebile bokoloniale le go sa tshepane ga Aforika mo botlhaleng jwa yona.[96] Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a gatisa gape Matlhatso Ke wa Diphitlho le Max Essex, moporofesa wa Harvard le mmatlisisi wa AIDS. Buka e kwadilwe jaaka motlotlo magareng ga Dow le Essex. O simolola kgaolo nngwe le nngwe, a bolela kgang ya nnete ya motho yo o amilweng ke HIV/AIDS, e e latelang ke kakgelo ya ga Essex ka ga go dira diteko, melemo ya antiretroviral, le ditharabololo tsa maemo a Botswana jaaka naga e e nang le seelo sa boraro se se kwa godimo sa HIV mo lefatsheng. Le fa Helen Epstein, moithutatshelo wa dimolekhule le mmegadikgang yo o kwalang ka HIV/AIDS,[97] a ne a hutsafalela gore bontsi jwa ditharabololo tsa Essex di tlhoka thekenoloji e e kwa godimo, o ne a fitlhela dikgang tsa ga Dow di gapeletsa mme di bontsha go iketleeletsa ga setšhaba sa Batswana go samagana le bothata jwa sone ka tlhamalalo le ka kutlwelobotlhoko]8. Fetson Kalua, moporofesara wa Dithuto tsa Seesemane kwa Yunibesithing ya Aforika Borwa,[99] o ne a bitsa Dow "mokwadi yo o nang le tlhotlheletso e kgolo ya ditlhamane mo Botswana gompieno".[89] == Ditlotla le Dietsele == Dow e nnile moamogedi wa dikabelo le ditlotla di le dintsi, go akaretsa le dikirii ya bongaka ya tlotlo ya molao go tswa kwa Kholetšheng ya Kenyon (Gambier, Ohio, 2001), Kholetšheng ya Saint Michael (Colchester, Vermont, 2007),[42] le Yunibesithi ya Edinburgh (Edinburgh, Scotland, 2009).[12] O amogetswe tiro ya gagwe ya ditshwanelo tsa batho ka Sekgele sa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho sa William Brennan (2003) sa Yunibesithi ya Rutgers kwa New Brunswick, kwa New Jersey; Awate ya Botlhatlheledi jo bo Tlotlegang ya ga Phyllis N. Stern (2008) ya Lekgotla la Boditšhabatšhaba la Dikgang tsa Pholo ya Basadi; le Sekgele sa Basadi ba ba Tlhegeletseng mo Molaong wa Boditšhabatšhaba (2009) sa Setlhopha sa Dikgatlhego sa Basadi mo Molaong wa Boditšhabatšhaba sa Mokgatlho wa Amerika wa Molao wa Boditšhabatšhaba.[42][100] Gape e ne e le motlhophiwa wa pontsho ya Phetogo e e Tlhotlheletsang Basadi ya Sekolo sa Molao sa Harvard (2014).[101] Ka di 14 Phukwi 2010, o ne a abelwa Legion of Honor ke Moemedi wa Fora kwa Botswana, Geneviève Iancu.[102] O ne a tlotliwa ka Kabo ya Phitlhelelo ya Lefatshe Lotlhe ya Setheo sa Kabo ya Botswerere ya Botlhabagare sa Dubai ka ntlha ya tiro ya gagwe ya kagiso le maiteko a tlhabololo ya batho ka 11 Ngwanaitseele 2012.[103] == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} [[Karolo:Ditsalo tsa 1959]] [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] [[Karolo:Baatlhodi ba Botswana]] [[Karolo:Molwela-ditshwanelo tsa bomme wa Botswana]] == Botshelo jwa pele le thuto == Mme Unity Diswai o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa 1959, kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boraro, kwa [[Mochudi]] mo [[Kgaolo ya Kgatleng|Kgaolong ya Kgatleng]] mo [[Botswana]] (yo ka nako e o a neng a bidiwa [[Bechuanaland]] ), <ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref> ke ngwana wa batsadi ba gagwe e bong rre Phiri le mme Maefshane Diswai (ba gape ba itsegeng ka maina a Moses le Ellen Diswai), bobedi jo bo tsalatswe mo morafeng wa [[Basarwa]] fa godimo ga moo ke maloko a morafe wa BaKgatla.<ref name=":0" /> <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref> Motse wa selegae o a goletseng mo go one o ne o sena ditsela tsa sekonotiri, motlakase le fa e le metsi a a elelang. Go ne go sena megala ya letheka mme o ne a ise a bone setsidifatsi ka matlho go fitlha a nna mo dingwageng tsa bolesome, le fa e le setshwantsho sa motshikhinyego go fitlha a nna dingwaga di le masome a mabedi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=48}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ellis|2012}}</ref></ref> . Mmaagwe e ne e le moroki, yo o neng a kgona go bala le go kwala ka [[Setswana]], mme a sa kgone go bala le go kwala ka Sekgoa.<ref><ref name=":1" /></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=49}}</ref></ref>. Rraagwe yo o neng a berekela mo polasing e nnye, o ne a bua ebile a kgona go bala Sekgoa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=49}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=49}}</ref></ref>E ne ya re fa rraagwe a tsena sekolo, o ne a ikgapela thuso ya madi a go tsena kwa [[:en:University_of_Fort_Hare|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Fort Hare]], mme thuso e o e ne ya fiwa morwa wa kgosi boemong jwa gagwe. Batsadi ba gagwe ka bobedi jwa bone ba ne ba dumela gore thuto ke selo sa botlhokwa mme bana ba bone ba le barataro mo go ba le supa ba ne ba wetsa dithuto tsa bone tsa ithutelo tiro.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=49}}</ref></ref> Dithuto tsa bone [[:en:Western_culture|tsa kwa Bophirima]] di ne di sa tlwaelesega mo magaeng a Botswana ka nako eo.<ref name=":1">{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref> Mme Diswai o weditse dithuto tsa gagwe tse dipotlana le tse dikgolwane kwa Mochudi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Morago ga sekolo se segolwane, o ne a ithutela molao kwa [[:en:University_of_Botswana_and_Swaziland|sekolong se segolwane sa ithutelo tiro sa Botswana le Swaziland]] . <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ellis|2012}}</ref></ref>. Ka go ne go sena sekolo sa molao mo Botswana ka nako eo, o ne a tsena yunibesithi kwa [[Eswatini|Swaziland]] ka fa tlase ga thulaganyo ya thuso ya Boritheini mme a wetsa dingwaga di le pedi tsa dithuto kwa Scotland, kwa [[:en:University_of_Edinburgh|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Edinburgh]], pele ga a bona setlankana sa gagwe [[:en:Bachelor_of_Laws|sa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao]] ka ngwaga wa 1983 kwa sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Botswana le Swaziland.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2012 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref> <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=49–50}}</ref></ref>. == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> Go fitlhelela seo, mme Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho [[LEGABIBO|wa LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo tshekong ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya setshaba. Mokgatlho o ne o gannwe go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le ga mmogo le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Merero ya Badiri le tsa Selegae, ka mabaka a gore go ratana ga bong go ne go se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho yo go ne go le kgatlhanong le tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore tsheko e, e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa tlhakanelodikobo, mme e ne e le ka ga gore a maloko a ka kgona go kokoanya le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014a}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotlatshekelokgolo o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha seo le go se letla go kopana go ne go gataka Molaomotheo, karolo ya boraro, ya lesome le bobedi, le ya lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, go kopana le go kopana ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014b}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> Go fitlhelela seo, mme Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho [[LEGABIBO|wa LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo tshekong ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya setshaba. Mokgatlho o ne o gannwe go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le ga mmogo le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Merero ya Badiri le tsa Selegae, ka mabaka a gore go ratana ga bong go ne go se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho yo go ne go le kgatlhanong le tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore tsheko e, e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa tlhakanelodikobo, mme e ne e le ka ga gore a maloko a ka kgona go kokoanya le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014a}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotlatshekelokgolo o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha seo le go se letla go kopana go ne go gataka Molaomotheo, karolo ya boraro, ya lesome le bobedi, le ya lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, go kopana le go kopana ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014b}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_and_Macsuzy_Mondon,_September_2015.jpg|alt=Photograph of two seated women, attended by two witnesses standing beside them, signing documents on a table.|thumb| Ditona mme Dow le mme Macsuzy Mondon (Seychelles) ba baya monwana mo mokwalong wa Kutlwano wa lenaneo la kananyo ya barutabana, 2015]] == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> Go fitlhelela seo, mme Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho [[LEGABIBO|wa LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo tshekong ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya setshaba. Mokgatlho o ne o gannwe go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le ga mmogo le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Merero ya Badiri le tsa Selegae, ka mabaka a gore go ratana ga bong go ne go se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho yo go ne go le kgatlhanong le tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore tsheko e, e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa tlhakanelodikobo, mme e ne e le ka ga gore a maloko a ka kgona go kokoanya le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014a}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotlatshekelokgolo o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha seo le go se letla go kopana go ne go gataka Molaomotheo, karolo ya boraro, ya lesome le bobedi, le ya lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, go kopana le go kopana ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014b}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_and_Macsuzy_Mondon,_September_2015.jpg|alt=Photograph of two seated women, attended by two witnesses standing beside them, signing documents on a table.|thumb| Ditona mme Dow le mme Macsuzy Mondon (Seychelles) ba baya monwana mo mokwalong wa Kutlwano wa lenaneo la kananyo ya barutabana, 2015]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 2012, Dow o ne a tlhomiwa ke [[:en:United_Nations_Human_Rights_Council|Lekgotla la Ditshwanelo tsa Batho la Ditšhabakopano]] jaaka mongwe wa baitseanape ba le bararo ba ba ikemetseng go dira thomo ya go batlisisa dintlha ka ga ka moo mafelo a bodulo a Iseraele a West Bank a amang Bapalesetina ka teng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a tsena mo dipolotiking mme a tsenela lekoko la [[Phathi ya Tomokoraga|Botswana Democratic Party]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Sunday Standard|2012a}}</ref></ref> O ne a tsenela [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2014 (Botswana)|ditlhophokakaretso tsa 2014]] tsa Kgaolo ya Mochudi Bophirima, mme a seke a kgone go fenya setilo mo lekgotleng la [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Kokoano ya matona a puso]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Basimanebotlhe|2014}}</ref></ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2014, Dow o ne a tlhophiwa, mmogo le bontlhopheng ba bangwe ba le barataro, ke Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] wa Botswana jaaka leloko le le tlhophilweng ka tsela e e kgethegileng la palamente. Mmogo le [[Kenneth Matambo]], [[Kitso Mokaila]], le Eric Molale, o ne a fenya ditlhopho mme a tlhomiwa go nna Mothusa Tona wa Thuto mo pusong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Motsamai|2014}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mosikare|2014}}</ref></ref>. Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2015, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Bokgoni ke rre Khama, a tlhatlhama rre [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]], yo e neng e le mothusa-tautona wa lefatshe la Botswana ka nako e o.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Piet|2015}}</ref></ref> Ka nako ya fa a le mo Lephateng, Dow o ne a tlhoma lenaneo la go katisa barutabana go tswa kwa [[:en:Seychelles|Seychelles]] mo Botswana le go romela barutabana ba Batswana go ya go thusa Seychelles ka tlhaelo ya barutabana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bonnelame|2015}}</ref></ref> O ne a direla mo maemong a go fitlhelela ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ngwaga wa 2016, mo tlhakatlhakanong ya kabinete, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mmegi|2016b}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> Go fitlhelela seo, mme Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho [[LEGABIBO|wa LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo tshekong ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya setshaba. Mokgatlho o ne o gannwe go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le ga mmogo le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Merero ya Badiri le tsa Selegae, ka mabaka a gore go ratana ga bong go ne go se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho yo go ne go le kgatlhanong le tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore tsheko e, e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa tlhakanelodikobo, mme e ne e le ka ga gore a maloko a ka kgona go kokoanya le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014a}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotlatshekelokgolo o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha seo le go se letla go kopana go ne go gataka Molaomotheo, karolo ya boraro, ya lesome le bobedi, le ya lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, go kopana le go kopana ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014b}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_and_Macsuzy_Mondon,_September_2015.jpg|alt=Photograph of two seated women, attended by two witnesses standing beside them, signing documents on a table.|thumb| Ditona mme Dow le mme Macsuzy Mondon (Seychelles) ba baya monwana mo mokwalong wa Kutlwano wa lenaneo la kananyo ya barutabana, 2015]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 2012, Dow o ne a tlhomiwa ke [[:en:United_Nations_Human_Rights_Council|Lekgotla la Ditshwanelo tsa Batho la Ditšhabakopano]] jaaka mongwe wa baitseanape ba le bararo ba ba ikemetseng go dira thomo ya go batlisisa dintlha ka ga ka moo mafelo a bodulo a Iseraele a West Bank a amang Bapalesetina ka teng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a tsena mo dipolotiking mme a tsenela lekoko la [[Phathi ya Tomokoraga|Botswana Democratic Party]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Sunday Standard|2012a}}</ref></ref> O ne a tsenela [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2014 (Botswana)|ditlhophokakaretso tsa 2014]] tsa Kgaolo ya Mochudi Bophirima, mme a seke a kgone go fenya setilo mo lekgotleng la [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Kokoano ya matona a puso]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Basimanebotlhe|2014}}</ref></ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2014, Dow o ne a tlhophiwa, mmogo le bontlhopheng ba bangwe ba le barataro, ke Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] wa Botswana jaaka leloko le le tlhophilweng ka tsela e e kgethegileng la palamente. Mmogo le [[Kenneth Matambo]], [[Kitso Mokaila]], le Eric Molale, o ne a fenya ditlhopho mme a tlhomiwa go nna Mothusa Tona wa Thuto mo pusong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Motsamai|2014}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mosikare|2014}}</ref></ref>. Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2015, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Bokgoni ke rre Khama, a tlhatlhama rre [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]], yo e neng e le mothusa-tautona wa lefatshe la Botswana ka nako e o.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Piet|2015}}</ref></ref> Ka nako ya fa a le mo Lephateng, Dow o ne a tlhoma lenaneo la go katisa barutabana go tswa kwa [[:en:Seychelles|Seychelles]] mo Botswana le go romela barutabana ba Batswana go ya go thusa Seychelles ka tlhaelo ya barutabana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bonnelame|2015}}</ref></ref> O ne a direla mo maemong a go fitlhelela ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ngwaga wa 2016, mo tlhakatlhakanong ya kabinete, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mmegi|2016b}}</ref></ref> Morago ga gore rre Khama a tlogele maemo a botautona ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2018, Dow o ne a tlhatlosiwa ke tautona rre Masisi yo o neng a sa tswa go nna tautona go tswa kwa maemong a go nna tona ya Thuto go ya kwa maemong a go nna Tona ya lephata la dikago le tlhabololo ya matlo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mwakideu|2018}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gabathuse|2018}}</ref></ref>Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2018, mo go fetolweng ga Kabinete, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna [[:en:Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_International_Cooperation_(Botswana)|Tona ya Merero ya Boditšhabatšhaba le Tirisanommogo]], a fetola setilo sa gagwe sa dikago le tlhabololo ya matlo le rre Vincent Tina Seretse, yo o neng a tshwere Merero ya boditšhabatšhara pele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Morupisi|2018}}</ref></ref>Rre Masisi o ne a fenya maemo a botautona mo [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2019 (Botswana)|Ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa 2019]] mme a tlhomamisa mme Dow gape jaaka Tona ya Merero ya Boditšhabatšhaba le Tirisanommogo ya palamente ya lesome le bobedi ya lefatshe la Botswana..<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mmegi|2019}}</ref></ref>Mme Dow le bomorwadie Cheshe le Natasha, ba ne ba bula Dow Academy kwa Mochudi, mo kgaolong ya Kgatleng ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 2020. Sekolo se sa kgwebo se na le dithuto tse dipotlana le tse dikgolwane.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Luebering|2020}}</ref></ref>Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2020, Dow o ne a tlogela bodiredi jwa gagwe mme a tseelwa sebaka ke Lemogang Kwape mo pusong e ntšha.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Motlhoka|2020}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gabathuse|2020}}</ref></ref>Dow o ne a bua jaana ka go tsaya kgato e, "Jaaka tona o bua thata ka bodiredi jwa gago. Mme setilo se se kwa morago se go naya kgololesego ya go botsolotsa dikgang tse di farologaneng tse di amang setšhaba. Thibelo e le nngwe fela ke boemo jwa me jwa lekoko mo kgannyeng e e rileng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Motlhoka|2020}}</ref></ref> == Dikwalo == Ka ngwaga wa 2000, fa Dow a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dipolelo, go ne go na le bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba tlhagisitse dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela mafatshe a a kwa ntle ga Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref>Lengwe la mabaka a seo e ne e le kganetso e e feteletseng ya boeteledipele jwa lefatshe la Botswana gore batho-basweu ba kwa ga Mmamosadinyana ba kopanye lefatshe la bone le [[Aforika Borwa|Aferikaborwa]], se se neng sa dira gore go nne le kganetso ya go itshireletsa kgatlhanong le tumelo ya [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|kopano ya mafatshe a Aferika]] go ne ga boa gape ga nna le go tlhoka peeletso mo dikgwebong tsa koketso-madi a setšhaba le mo tlhabololong ya thuto. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=34, 36}}</ref></ref> Mefuta ya dibuka tsa gagwe ka bobedi ba tsone go akaretsa tse e seng tsa dipolelo le tsa dipolelo di kopanya dintlhana tsa dikgang tse di amanang le setšhaba ga mmogo le tsa semolao e bile di supa ditlamorago tsa tsone mo go tsa bong le tsa ga mmogo le kabisano ya dithata.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=35}}</ref></ref> . Dibuka dingwe le dingwe tsa ga Dow di sekaseka mekgwa ya setšhaba e e bakang go sa lekalekane ga dikamano tsa dithata le go tlhotlheletsa [[:en:Domestic_violence|tiriso-dikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi]], [[:en:Child_sexual_abuse|tirisobotlhaswa ya bana,]] [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Africa#Southern_Africa|mathata a segajaja sa AIDS]], le [[:en:Gender_inequality|go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> Baanelwa mo dipolelong tsa gagwe ba dirisa mokgwa wa go akanya yo o tlwaelesegileng go ganetsa mekgwa ya ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ka fa ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa ngwao.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=153}}</ref></ref> == Dikwalo == Ka ngwaga wa 2000, fa Dow a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dipolelo, go ne go na le bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba tlhagisitse dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela mafatshe a a kwa ntle ga Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref>Lengwe la mabaka a seo e ne e le kganetso e e feteletseng ya boeteledipele jwa lefatshe la Botswana gore batho-basweu ba kwa ga Mmamosadinyana ba kopanye lefatshe la bone le [[Aforika Borwa|Aferikaborwa]], se se neng sa dira gore go nne le kganetso ya go itshireletsa kgatlhanong le tumelo ya [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|kopano ya mafatshe a Aferika]] go ne ga boa gape ga nna le go tlhoka peeletso mo dikgwebong tsa koketso-madi a setšhaba le mo tlhabololong ya thuto. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=34, 36}}</ref></ref> Mefuta ya dibuka tsa gagwe ka bobedi ba tsone go akaretsa tse e seng tsa dipolelo le tsa dipolelo di kopanya dintlhana tsa dikgang tse di amanang le setšhaba ga mmogo le tsa semolao e bile di supa ditlamorago tsa tsone mo go tsa bong le tsa ga mmogo le kabisano ya dithata.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=35}}</ref></ref> . Dibuka dingwe le dingwe tsa ga Dow di sekaseka mekgwa ya setšhaba e e bakang go sa lekalekane ga dikamano tsa dithata le go tlhotlheletsa [[:en:Domestic_violence|tiriso-dikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi]], [[:en:Child_sexual_abuse|tirisobotlhaswa ya bana,]] [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Africa#Southern_Africa|mathata a segajaja sa AIDS]], le [[:en:Gender_inequality|go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> Baanelwa mo dipolelong tsa gagwe ba dirisa mokgwa wa go akanya yo o tlwaelesegileng go ganetsa mekgwa ya ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ka fa ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa ngwao.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=153}}</ref></ref> Mo pading ya gagwe ya ntlha ya leina la '<nowiki/>''Far and Beyon′'' ya ngwaga wa 2000, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma mogopolo mo setlhogong se se botlhokwa sa leroborobo la bolwetsi jwa AIDS le ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka mo malwapeng, bogolo jang ka fa basadi ba ba tshelang mo setšhabeng se se dumelang mo ketelelongpele ke batho ba borre ba tshelang ka teng mo malwapeng a a se nang borre ka ntlha ya tshenyo e e bakileng mo magaeng a lefatshe la Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Leder Macharia|2012|p=249}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=40}}</ref></ref> E sekaseka melelwane e mekgwa ya setso, dingwao le metheo e e bayang mo basetsaneng ga mmogo le mo basading ka go dirisa dipopego tse di ikaegileng ka ketelelo pele ya banna.<ref name=":0" />Mo polelong e o, Mara, e bong mmè yo o sa itseng go bala le go kwala e bile a sa kgone go itshedisa, o setse a tsile a nyalwa ke monna a le mongwe a bo a tlhokafalelwa ke bana ba gagwe ba le babedi ka ntlha ya bolwetsi jwa AIDS, monna yo mongwe o ne a mo tlogela, mme monna wa gagwe wa boraro o ne a mo sotlaka.<ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0" />Mara o ne a amanya go swa ga bana ba gagwe le mmaba mongwe yo o fitlhegileng mme a batla dikarabo mo go bo [[:en:Divination|nkadilatlha]]. Le fa morwadie, wa leina la Mosadi, yo ka tlwaelo a itsegeng e le Mosa, le ngwana wa gagwe wa mosimane yo o setseng, e bong Stan, ba sa dumele gore a nkadilatlha o ka tlhalosa gore ke eng fa bokgaitsadie ba tlhokafetse, ba diragatsa fela dithomo tse ba di laetsweng. <ref name=":1" /> Fa Mosa a lemoga gore o mo mmeleng ebile o latlhilwe ke rraagwe ngwana, o tsaya tshwetso ya gore a senye mpa mo sephiring, go na le go imetsa mmaagwe yo o setseng a lebaganwe ke mathata.<ref name=":0" /> Mo maitekong a go fodisa lelwapa la gagwe, Mosa o sekaseka mekgwa ya tlwaelo e e kgaoganyang banna le basadi e bo e tsholeletsa megopolo ya borre kwa godimo, e ruta basadi go itlhokomolosa ditselana tse ba kgopisiwang ka tsone e bile ba sa tsewe sentle.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=41}}</ref></ref> Se e le tsela ya go fetlha boikanyo mo lelwapeng la gabone le mo setsong sa lefatshe la gabone, Mosa o ithuta go gana go amogela maitsholo a a sa lolamang mo tikologong ya gabone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref>Ka tsela e, mme Dow o ne a sekaseka ka moo go ineela ga setšhaba le go didimala ka diphoso mo setšhabeng go bakang tlhakatlhakano ya megopolo le go tiriso-botlhaswa ya batho ba ba se nang dithata ke ba ba nang le dithata go ba feta.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=38–40}}</ref></ref> == Dikwalo == Ka ngwaga wa 2000, fa Dow a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dipolelo, go ne go na le bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba tlhagisitse dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela mafatshe a a kwa ntle ga Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref>Lengwe la mabaka a seo e ne e le kganetso e e feteletseng ya boeteledipele jwa lefatshe la Botswana gore batho-basweu ba kwa ga Mmamosadinyana ba kopanye lefatshe la bone le [[Aforika Borwa|Aferikaborwa]], se se neng sa dira gore go nne le kganetso ya go itshireletsa kgatlhanong le tumelo ya [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|kopano ya mafatshe a Aferika]] go ne ga boa gape ga nna le go tlhoka peeletso mo dikgwebong tsa koketso-madi a setšhaba le mo tlhabololong ya thuto. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=34, 36}}</ref></ref> Mefuta ya dibuka tsa gagwe ka bobedi ba tsone go akaretsa tse e seng tsa dipolelo le tsa dipolelo di kopanya dintlhana tsa dikgang tse di amanang le setšhaba ga mmogo le tsa semolao e bile di supa ditlamorago tsa tsone mo go tsa bong le tsa ga mmogo le kabisano ya dithata.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref><ref name=":2"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=35}}</ref></ref> . Dibuka dingwe le dingwe tsa ga Dow di sekaseka mekgwa ya setšhaba e e bakang go sa lekalekane ga dikamano tsa dithata le go tlhotlheletsa [[:en:Domestic_violence|tiriso-dikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi]], [[:en:Child_sexual_abuse|tirisobotlhaswa ya bana,]] [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Africa#Southern_Africa|mathata a segajaja sa AIDS]], le [[:en:Gender_inequality|go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> Baanelwa mo dipolelong tsa gagwe ba dirisa mokgwa wa go akanya yo o tlwaelesegileng go ganetsa mekgwa ya ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ka fa ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa ngwao.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=153}}</ref></ref> Mo pading ya gagwe ya ntlha ya leina la '<nowiki/>''Far and Beyon′'' ya ngwaga wa 2000, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma mogopolo mo setlhogong se se botlhokwa sa leroborobo la bolwetsi jwa AIDS le ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka mo malwapeng, bogolo jang ka fa basadi ba ba tshelang mo setšhabeng se se dumelang mo ketelelongpele ke batho ba borre ba tshelang ka teng mo malwapeng a a se nang borre ka ntlha ya tshenyo e e bakileng mo magaeng a lefatshe la Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Leder Macharia|2012|p=249}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=40}}</ref></ref> E sekaseka melelwane e mekgwa ya setso, dingwao le metheo e e bayang mo basetsaneng ga mmogo le mo basading ka go dirisa dipopego tse di ikaegileng ka ketelelo pele ya banna.<ref name=":0" />Mo polelong e o, Mara, e bong mmè yo o sa itseng go bala le go kwala e bile a sa kgone go itshedisa, o setse a tsile a nyalwa ke monna a le mongwe a bo a tlhokafalelwa ke bana ba gagwe ba le babedi ka ntlha ya bolwetsi jwa AIDS, monna yo mongwe o ne a mo tlogela, mme monna wa gagwe wa boraro o ne a mo sotlaka.<ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0" />Mara o ne a amanya go swa ga bana ba gagwe le mmaba mongwe yo o fitlhegileng mme a batla dikarabo mo go bo [[:en:Divination|nkadilatlha]]. Le fa morwadie, wa leina la Mosadi, yo ka tlwaelo a itsegeng e le Mosa, le ngwana wa gagwe wa mosimane yo o setseng, e bong Stan, ba sa dumele gore a nkadilatlha o ka tlhalosa gore ke eng fa bokgaitsadie ba tlhokafetse, ba diragatsa fela dithomo tse ba di laetsweng. <ref name=":1" /> Fa Mosa a lemoga gore o mo mmeleng ebile o latlhilwe ke rraagwe ngwana, o tsaya tshwetso ya gore a senye mpa mo sephiring, go na le go imetsa mmaagwe yo o setseng a lebaganwe ke mathata.<ref name=":0" /> Mo maitekong a go fodisa lelwapa la gagwe, Mosa o sekaseka mekgwa ya tlwaelo e e kgaoganyang banna le basadi e bo e tsholeletsa megopolo ya borre kwa godimo, e ruta basadi go itlhokomolosa ditselana tse ba kgopisiwang ka tsone e bile ba sa tsewe sentle.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=41}}</ref></ref> Se e le tsela ya go fetlha boikanyo mo lelwapeng la gabone le mo setsong sa lefatshe la gabone, Mosa o ithuta go gana go amogela maitsholo a a sa lolamang mo tikologong ya gabone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref>Ka tsela e, mme Dow o ne a sekaseka ka moo go ineela ga setšhaba le go didimala ka diphoso mo setšhabeng go bakang tlhakatlhakano ya megopolo le go tiriso-botlhaswa ya batho ba ba se nang dithata ke ba ba nang le dithata go ba feta.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=38–40}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|alt=Photograph of asmiling African woman wearing a grey tweed jacket over a white v-necked blouse with a purple scarf and beaded necklace around her neck.|thumb| Mme Dow ka ngwaga wa 2011]] Melaetsa e e tshwanang e tsentswe mo pading ya bobedi ya ga Dow ya setlhogo sa '<nowiki/>''The Screaming of the Innocent'' ' ya ngwaga wa 2001, e le yone e sekasekang thatafatso ya basadi mo lefatsheng le le tletseng bonweenwee jwa mapodisi, dipolao tsa ditlhabelo tsa bongaka ba setso, diphiri mo metheong ya lefatshe ga mmogo le tidimalo ya setšhaba mo dikgannyeng tse.<ref name=":2" /> Fa a sekaseka mokgwa wa setso wa ''dipheko'', wa go bolaya motho go gopela dirwe tsa gagwe ka ntlha ya lesego le katlego e a nang le yone go ya ka tumelo ya maselamotse , Dow o supa ka fa bahumi le batho ba ba nang le dithata ba tshwarang baagedi ba metseselegae ba ba sa rutegang ka teng le ka fa ba rekang tidimalo ya ba ba mo maemong a molao ka teng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=40–41}}</ref></ref> Mo bukeng e, mosetsana mongwe o mmotlana o bolawa mo [[The bush|sekgweng]] gaufi le motse wa gaabo mme tshedimosetso ka ga tsheko e o e gateletswe ke mapodisi le banna ba ba nang le dithata tse di rileng ba lefelo la gabone. Go kgaoganngwa ga gagwe go fitlhegile mo pading jaaka sesupo sa go tlhoka go lemogiwa ga ditiro tse di ntseng jalo mo setšhabeng ka kakaretso.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref> Moanelwamogolo, e bong Amantle Bokaa, yo o wetsang [[:en:National_service|tirelo ya gagwe ya setshaba]], o ribolola diaparo tse di tletseng madi mo lebokosong la kokelwana e a abetsweng go berekela kwa go yone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=42–43}}</ref></ref>Diaparo tseo ke tsa motho yo o kileng a tlhaselwa pelenyana, mme fa di tlhagisiwa mo bathong ba motse di tsosa maitemogelo a gore ntlha e o ba ne ba e fitlhetswe. Ka go nne batho ba motse ba ne ba dumela gore Bokaa o ka seke a lebiwe ka tsela e e sa siamang e ba ba mo maemong a a rileng ba ba tshwarang ka yone, o tlhophiwa go bua le mapodisi mo boemong jwa batho ba motse.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=43}}</ref></ref>Ka lebaka la gore ke mosadi e bile ke ngwana, o ne a tlaa lebega a se na maatla, mme dithutego tsa gagwe, tse di neng tsa mo ruta bokgoni jwa go lebagana le baganetsi le go botsolosa ditumelo, di mo fa maatla le go itshepa go ka gwetlha molao wa tidimalo ga mmogo le dikgoreletsi tsa setshaba tse di emeng kgatlhanong le ene.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=43}}</ref></ref> <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=23}}</ref></ref>Tiro ya ga Dow ga e tlhome mogopolo fela mo dikamanong tsa dithata, mme e tlhoma mogopolo mo go tshoseng ga dipolao tsa dipheko le [[Femicide|dipolao tsa basadi]]. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=27}}</ref></ref>O tlhalosa sentle tumelo ya gagwe ya gore bomme e tlaa nna bone ba ba okameng diphetogo mo melaong ya go fedisa ditiro tse di ntseng jalo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=32}}</ref></ref> == Dikwalo == Ka ngwaga wa 2000, fa Dow a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dipolelo, go ne go na le bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba tlhagisitse dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela mafatshe a a kwa ntle ga Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref>Lengwe la mabaka a seo e ne e le kganetso e e feteletseng ya boeteledipele jwa lefatshe la Botswana gore batho-basweu ba kwa ga Mmamosadinyana ba kopanye lefatshe la bone le [[Aforika Borwa|Aferikaborwa]], se se neng sa dira gore go nne le kganetso ya go itshireletsa kgatlhanong le tumelo ya [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|kopano ya mafatshe a Aferika]] go ne ga boa gape ga nna le go tlhoka peeletso mo dikgwebong tsa koketso-madi a setšhaba le mo tlhabololong ya thuto. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=34, 36}}</ref></ref> Mefuta ya dibuka tsa gagwe ka bobedi ba tsone go akaretsa tse e seng tsa dipolelo le tsa dipolelo di kopanya dintlhana tsa dikgang tse di amanang le setšhaba ga mmogo le tsa semolao e bile di supa ditlamorago tsa tsone mo go tsa bong le tsa ga mmogo le kabisano ya dithata.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref><ref name=":2"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=35}}</ref></ref> . Dibuka dingwe le dingwe tsa ga Dow di sekaseka mekgwa ya setšhaba e e bakang go sa lekalekane ga dikamano tsa dithata le go tlhotlheletsa [[:en:Domestic_violence|tiriso-dikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi]], [[:en:Child_sexual_abuse|tirisobotlhaswa ya bana,]] [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Africa#Southern_Africa|mathata a segajaja sa AIDS]], le [[:en:Gender_inequality|go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> Baanelwa mo dipolelong tsa gagwe ba dirisa mokgwa wa go akanya yo o tlwaelesegileng go ganetsa mekgwa ya ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ka fa ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa ngwao.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=153}}</ref></ref> Mo pading ya gagwe ya ntlha ya leina la '<nowiki/>''Far and Beyon′'' ya ngwaga wa 2000, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma mogopolo mo setlhogong se se botlhokwa sa leroborobo la bolwetsi jwa AIDS le ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka mo malwapeng, bogolo jang ka fa basadi ba ba tshelang mo setšhabeng se se dumelang mo ketelelongpele ke batho ba borre ba tshelang ka teng mo malwapeng a a se nang borre ka ntlha ya tshenyo e e bakileng mo magaeng a lefatshe la Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Leder Macharia|2012|p=249}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=40}}</ref></ref> E sekaseka melelwane e mekgwa ya setso, dingwao le metheo e e bayang mo basetsaneng ga mmogo le mo basading ka go dirisa dipopego tse di ikaegileng ka ketelelo pele ya banna.<ref name=":0" />Mo polelong e o, Mara, e bong mmè yo o sa itseng go bala le go kwala e bile a sa kgone go itshedisa, o setse a tsile a nyalwa ke monna a le mongwe a bo a tlhokafalelwa ke bana ba gagwe ba le babedi ka ntlha ya bolwetsi jwa AIDS, monna yo mongwe o ne a mo tlogela, mme monna wa gagwe wa boraro o ne a mo sotlaka.<ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0" />Mara o ne a amanya go swa ga bana ba gagwe le mmaba mongwe yo o fitlhegileng mme a batla dikarabo mo go bo [[:en:Divination|nkadilatlha]]. Le fa morwadie, wa leina la Mosadi, yo ka tlwaelo a itsegeng e le Mosa, le ngwana wa gagwe wa mosimane yo o setseng, e bong Stan, ba sa dumele gore a nkadilatlha o ka tlhalosa gore ke eng fa bokgaitsadie ba tlhokafetse, ba diragatsa fela dithomo tse ba di laetsweng. <ref name=":1" /> Fa Mosa a lemoga gore o mo mmeleng ebile o latlhilwe ke rraagwe ngwana, o tsaya tshwetso ya gore a senye mpa mo sephiring, go na le go imetsa mmaagwe yo o setseng a lebaganwe ke mathata.<ref name=":0" /> Mo maitekong a go fodisa lelwapa la gagwe, Mosa o sekaseka mekgwa ya tlwaelo e e kgaoganyang banna le basadi e bo e tsholeletsa megopolo ya borre kwa godimo, e ruta basadi go itlhokomolosa ditselana tse ba kgopisiwang ka tsone e bile ba sa tsewe sentle.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=41}}</ref></ref> Se e le tsela ya go fetlha boikanyo mo lelwapeng la gabone le mo setsong sa lefatshe la gabone, Mosa o ithuta go gana go amogela maitsholo a a sa lolamang mo tikologong ya gabone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref>Ka tsela e, mme Dow o ne a sekaseka ka moo go ineela ga setšhaba le go didimala ka diphoso mo setšhabeng go bakang tlhakatlhakano ya megopolo le go tiriso-botlhaswa ya batho ba ba se nang dithata ke ba ba nang le dithata go ba feta.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=38–40}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|alt=Photograph of asmiling African woman wearing a grey tweed jacket over a white v-necked blouse with a purple scarf and beaded necklace around her neck.|thumb| Mme Dow ka ngwaga wa 2011]] Melaetsa e e tshwanang e tsentswe mo pading ya bobedi ya ga Dow ya setlhogo sa '<nowiki/>''The Screaming of the Innocent'' ' ya ngwaga wa 2001, e le yone e sekasekang thatafatso ya basadi mo lefatsheng le le tletseng bonweenwee jwa mapodisi, dipolao tsa ditlhabelo tsa bongaka ba setso, diphiri mo metheong ya lefatshe ga mmogo le tidimalo ya setšhaba mo dikgannyeng tse.<ref name=":2" /> Fa a sekaseka mokgwa wa setso wa ''dipheko'', wa go bolaya motho go gopela dirwe tsa gagwe ka ntlha ya lesego le katlego e a nang le yone go ya ka tumelo ya maselamotse , Dow o supa ka fa bahumi le batho ba ba nang le dithata ba tshwarang baagedi ba metseselegae ba ba sa rutegang ka teng le ka fa ba rekang tidimalo ya ba ba mo maemong a molao ka teng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=40–41}}</ref></ref> Mo bukeng e, mosetsana mongwe o mmotlana o bolawa mo [[The bush|sekgweng]] gaufi le motse wa gaabo mme tshedimosetso ka ga tsheko e o e gateletswe ke mapodisi le banna ba ba nang le dithata tse di rileng ba lefelo la gabone. Go kgaoganngwa ga gagwe go fitlhegile mo pading jaaka sesupo sa go tlhoka go lemogiwa ga ditiro tse di ntseng jalo mo setšhabeng ka kakaretso.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref> Moanelwamogolo, e bong Amantle Bokaa, yo o wetsang [[:en:National_service|tirelo ya gagwe ya setshaba]], o ribolola diaparo tse di tletseng madi mo lebokosong la kokelwana e a abetsweng go berekela kwa go yone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=42–43}}</ref></ref>Diaparo tseo ke tsa motho yo o kileng a tlhaselwa pelenyana, mme fa di tlhagisiwa mo bathong ba motse di tsosa maitemogelo a gore ntlha e o ba ne ba e fitlhetswe. Ka go nne batho ba motse ba ne ba dumela gore Bokaa o ka seke a lebiwe ka tsela e e sa siamang e ba ba mo maemong a a rileng ba ba tshwarang ka yone, o tlhophiwa go bua le mapodisi mo boemong jwa batho ba motse.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=43}}</ref></ref>Ka lebaka la gore ke mosadi e bile ke ngwana, o ne a tlaa lebega a se na maatla, mme dithutego tsa gagwe, tse di neng tsa mo ruta bokgoni jwa go lebagana le baganetsi le go botsolosa ditumelo, di mo fa maatla le go itshepa go ka gwetlha molao wa tidimalo ga mmogo le dikgoreletsi tsa setshaba tse di emeng kgatlhanong le ene.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=43}}</ref></ref> <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=23}}</ref></ref>Tiro ya ga Dow ga e tlhome mogopolo fela mo dikamanong tsa dithata, mme e tlhoma mogopolo mo go tshoseng ga dipolao tsa dipheko le [[Femicide|dipolao tsa basadi]]. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=27}}</ref></ref>O tlhalosa sentle tumelo ya gagwe ya gore bomme e tlaa nna bone ba ba okameng diphetogo mo melaong ya go fedisa ditiro tse di ntseng jalo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=32}}</ref></ref> ''Buka ya Far and Beyon′'' e ne ya gatisiwa la ntlha mo Botswana mme morago ga moo ya gatisiwa kwa Australia. ''Buka ya 'The Screaming of the Innocent' e'' ne ya gatisiwa la ntlha kwa Australia mme ga gatisiwa gape kwa Aferikaborwa ka ngwaga wa 2003. Padi ya gagwe ya boraro, ya setlhogo sa ''Juggling Truths'', e ne ya gatisiwa mo ngwageng yo o kwa Australia mme ya gololwa mo ngwageng o o latelang kwa Aferika Borwa. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=36}}</ref></ref> Dow o ne a sekaseka gape mekgwa ya setso le ditlwaelo tsa setshaba tse di sa lolamang a bo a tswa ka maano a go di lwantsha. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref> Le fa a ne a sekaseka setšhaba sa Aferika mo nakong e e fetileng le dikgang tse di bakilweng ke go ganetsana le ditiro tsa segompieno tsa letso la batho-basweu le setso sa selegae, tiro e, e itebagantse thata le go lekalekanya mekgwa e e siameng le e e sa siamang mo setsong sa selegae. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|pp=38–39}}</ref></ref> Ka go dirisa moanelwa, Monei, yo e leng mosetsana yo mmotlana yo o nnang mo motseng wa selegae, Dow o sekaseka dingwao tse di fetedisitsweng mo dikokomaneng le tiriso ya mainane jaaka tsela ya go tsenya dikaelo tsa maitsholo le jaaka taolo ya botho jwa bana. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|M'Raijii|2017|p=77}}</ref></ref>Buka e o e botsa dipotso ka dikgang go akaretsa ditumelo tsa gore go bolaya [[:en:Monitor_lizard|kgwathe]] go dira gore go nne le ditsuatsue tse di tlhorontshang, gore go nna tsala le motho yo o nang le [[:en:Albinism|boswafe]] go dira gore motho a se ka a nna lesego, kgotsa gore go nwa motlhapo wa poo go ka thusa motho go ithuta go letsa molodi. Gape e akaretsa dipolelo tsa setshedi se se tona se se kometsang bana ga mmogo le moruti yo o itseelang dikobo ka dikgoka mo basetsaneng ba botlana. Melaetsa e e mo polelong e, e golaganya ''Juggling Truths'' le dipadi tse pedi tsa ntlha tsa ga Dow mme e akantsha batho gore basetsana le basadi ba kgona go tlhabolola maatla a bone ka thuto e bile ba kgona go ikakanyetsa. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|M'Raijii|2017|p=77}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=45}}</ref></ref>. Dow o atamela tshekatsheko ya gagwe ya go raraana ga dipopego tsa setshaba a dirisa ditsereganyo tse di farologaneng, a lemoga gore ga go na ditharabololo tse di bonolo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=39}}</ref></ref> ''Buka ya Juggling Truths'' e ne e le motlhophiwa wa [[Percy FitzPatrick Award|Mokgele wa Percy FitzPatrick]] mo setlhopheng sa bagolo ba ba botlana ka ngwaga wa 2006.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=149}}</ref></ref> == Dikwalo == Ka ngwaga wa 2000, fa Dow a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dipolelo, go ne go na le bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba tlhagisitse dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela mafatshe a a kwa ntle ga Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref>Lengwe la mabaka a seo e ne e le kganetso e e feteletseng ya boeteledipele jwa lefatshe la Botswana gore batho-basweu ba kwa ga Mmamosadinyana ba kopanye lefatshe la bone le [[Aforika Borwa|Aferikaborwa]], se se neng sa dira gore go nne le kganetso ya go itshireletsa kgatlhanong le tumelo ya [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|kopano ya mafatshe a Aferika]] go ne ga boa gape ga nna le go tlhoka peeletso mo dikgwebong tsa koketso-madi a setšhaba le mo tlhabololong ya thuto. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=34, 36}}</ref></ref> Mefuta ya dibuka tsa gagwe ka bobedi ba tsone go akaretsa tse e seng tsa dipolelo le tsa dipolelo di kopanya dintlhana tsa dikgang tse di amanang le setšhaba ga mmogo le tsa semolao e bile di supa ditlamorago tsa tsone mo go tsa bong le tsa ga mmogo le kabisano ya dithata.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref><ref name=":2"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=35}}</ref></ref> . Dibuka dingwe le dingwe tsa ga Dow di sekaseka mekgwa ya setšhaba e e bakang go sa lekalekane ga dikamano tsa dithata le go tlhotlheletsa [[:en:Domestic_violence|tiriso-dikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi]], [[:en:Child_sexual_abuse|tirisobotlhaswa ya bana,]] [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Africa#Southern_Africa|mathata a segajaja sa AIDS]], le [[:en:Gender_inequality|go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> Baanelwa mo dipolelong tsa gagwe ba dirisa mokgwa wa go akanya yo o tlwaelesegileng go ganetsa mekgwa ya ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ka fa ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa ngwao.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=153}}</ref></ref> Mo pading ya gagwe ya ntlha ya leina la '<nowiki/>''Far and Beyon′'' ya ngwaga wa 2000, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma mogopolo mo setlhogong se se botlhokwa sa leroborobo la bolwetsi jwa AIDS le ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka mo malwapeng, bogolo jang ka fa basadi ba ba tshelang mo setšhabeng se se dumelang mo ketelelongpele ke batho ba borre ba tshelang ka teng mo malwapeng a a se nang borre ka ntlha ya tshenyo e e bakileng mo magaeng a lefatshe la Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Leder Macharia|2012|p=249}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=40}}</ref></ref> E sekaseka melelwane e mekgwa ya setso, dingwao le metheo e e bayang mo basetsaneng ga mmogo le mo basading ka go dirisa dipopego tse di ikaegileng ka ketelelo pele ya banna.<ref name=":0" />Mo polelong e o, Mara, e bong mmè yo o sa itseng go bala le go kwala e bile a sa kgone go itshedisa, o setse a tsile a nyalwa ke monna a le mongwe a bo a tlhokafalelwa ke bana ba gagwe ba le babedi ka ntlha ya bolwetsi jwa AIDS, monna yo mongwe o ne a mo tlogela, mme monna wa gagwe wa boraro o ne a mo sotlaka.<ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0" />Mara o ne a amanya go swa ga bana ba gagwe le mmaba mongwe yo o fitlhegileng mme a batla dikarabo mo go bo [[:en:Divination|nkadilatlha]]. Le fa morwadie, wa leina la Mosadi, yo ka tlwaelo a itsegeng e le Mosa, le ngwana wa gagwe wa mosimane yo o setseng, e bong Stan, ba sa dumele gore a nkadilatlha o ka tlhalosa gore ke eng fa bokgaitsadie ba tlhokafetse, ba diragatsa fela dithomo tse ba di laetsweng. <ref name=":1" /> Fa Mosa a lemoga gore o mo mmeleng ebile o latlhilwe ke rraagwe ngwana, o tsaya tshwetso ya gore a senye mpa mo sephiring, go na le go imetsa mmaagwe yo o setseng a lebaganwe ke mathata.<ref name=":0" /> Mo maitekong a go fodisa lelwapa la gagwe, Mosa o sekaseka mekgwa ya tlwaelo e e kgaoganyang banna le basadi e bo e tsholeletsa megopolo ya borre kwa godimo, e ruta basadi go itlhokomolosa ditselana tse ba kgopisiwang ka tsone e bile ba sa tsewe sentle.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=41}}</ref></ref> Se e le tsela ya go fetlha boikanyo mo lelwapeng la gabone le mo setsong sa lefatshe la gabone, Mosa o ithuta go gana go amogela maitsholo a a sa lolamang mo tikologong ya gabone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref>Ka tsela e, mme Dow o ne a sekaseka ka moo go ineela ga setšhaba le go didimala ka diphoso mo setšhabeng go bakang tlhakatlhakano ya megopolo le go tiriso-botlhaswa ya batho ba ba se nang dithata ke ba ba nang le dithata go ba feta.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=38–40}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|alt=Photograph of asmiling African woman wearing a grey tweed jacket over a white v-necked blouse with a purple scarf and beaded necklace around her neck.|thumb| Mme Dow ka ngwaga wa 2011]] Melaetsa e e tshwanang e tsentswe mo pading ya bobedi ya ga Dow ya setlhogo sa '<nowiki/>''The Screaming of the Innocent'' ' ya ngwaga wa 2001, e le yone e sekasekang thatafatso ya basadi mo lefatsheng le le tletseng bonweenwee jwa mapodisi, dipolao tsa ditlhabelo tsa bongaka ba setso, diphiri mo metheong ya lefatshe ga mmogo le tidimalo ya setšhaba mo dikgannyeng tse.<ref name=":2" /> Fa a sekaseka mokgwa wa setso wa ''dipheko'', wa go bolaya motho go gopela dirwe tsa gagwe ka ntlha ya lesego le katlego e a nang le yone go ya ka tumelo ya maselamotse , Dow o supa ka fa bahumi le batho ba ba nang le dithata ba tshwarang baagedi ba metseselegae ba ba sa rutegang ka teng le ka fa ba rekang tidimalo ya ba ba mo maemong a molao ka teng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=40–41}}</ref></ref> Mo bukeng e, mosetsana mongwe o mmotlana o bolawa mo [[The bush|sekgweng]] gaufi le motse wa gaabo mme tshedimosetso ka ga tsheko e o e gateletswe ke mapodisi le banna ba ba nang le dithata tse di rileng ba lefelo la gabone. Go kgaoganngwa ga gagwe go fitlhegile mo pading jaaka sesupo sa go tlhoka go lemogiwa ga ditiro tse di ntseng jalo mo setšhabeng ka kakaretso.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref> Moanelwamogolo, e bong Amantle Bokaa, yo o wetsang [[:en:National_service|tirelo ya gagwe ya setshaba]], o ribolola diaparo tse di tletseng madi mo lebokosong la kokelwana e a abetsweng go berekela kwa go yone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=42–43}}</ref></ref>Diaparo tseo ke tsa motho yo o kileng a tlhaselwa pelenyana, mme fa di tlhagisiwa mo bathong ba motse di tsosa maitemogelo a gore ntlha e o ba ne ba e fitlhetswe. Ka go nne batho ba motse ba ne ba dumela gore Bokaa o ka seke a lebiwe ka tsela e e sa siamang e ba ba mo maemong a a rileng ba ba tshwarang ka yone, o tlhophiwa go bua le mapodisi mo boemong jwa batho ba motse.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=43}}</ref></ref>Ka lebaka la gore ke mosadi e bile ke ngwana, o ne a tlaa lebega a se na maatla, mme dithutego tsa gagwe, tse di neng tsa mo ruta bokgoni jwa go lebagana le baganetsi le go botsolosa ditumelo, di mo fa maatla le go itshepa go ka gwetlha molao wa tidimalo ga mmogo le dikgoreletsi tsa setshaba tse di emeng kgatlhanong le ene.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=43}}</ref></ref> <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=23}}</ref></ref>Tiro ya ga Dow ga e tlhome mogopolo fela mo dikamanong tsa dithata, mme e tlhoma mogopolo mo go tshoseng ga dipolao tsa dipheko le [[Femicide|dipolao tsa basadi]]. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=27}}</ref></ref>O tlhalosa sentle tumelo ya gagwe ya gore bomme e tlaa nna bone ba ba okameng diphetogo mo melaong ya go fedisa ditiro tse di ntseng jalo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=32}}</ref></ref> ''Buka ya Far and Beyon′'' e ne ya gatisiwa la ntlha mo Botswana mme morago ga moo ya gatisiwa kwa Australia. ''Buka ya 'The Screaming of the Innocent' e'' ne ya gatisiwa la ntlha kwa Australia mme ga gatisiwa gape kwa Aferikaborwa ka ngwaga wa 2003. Padi ya gagwe ya boraro, ya setlhogo sa ''Juggling Truths'', e ne ya gatisiwa mo ngwageng yo o kwa Australia mme ya gololwa mo ngwageng o o latelang kwa Aferika Borwa. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=36}}</ref></ref> Dow o ne a sekaseka gape mekgwa ya setso le ditlwaelo tsa setshaba tse di sa lolamang a bo a tswa ka maano a go di lwantsha. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref> Le fa a ne a sekaseka setšhaba sa Aferika mo nakong e e fetileng le dikgang tse di bakilweng ke go ganetsana le ditiro tsa segompieno tsa letso la batho-basweu le setso sa selegae, tiro e, e itebagantse thata le go lekalekanya mekgwa e e siameng le e e sa siamang mo setsong sa selegae. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|pp=38–39}}</ref></ref> Ka go dirisa moanelwa, Monei, yo e leng mosetsana yo mmotlana yo o nnang mo motseng wa selegae, Dow o sekaseka dingwao tse di fetedisitsweng mo dikokomaneng le tiriso ya mainane jaaka tsela ya go tsenya dikaelo tsa maitsholo le jaaka taolo ya botho jwa bana. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|M'Raijii|2017|p=77}}</ref></ref>Buka e o e botsa dipotso ka dikgang go akaretsa ditumelo tsa gore go bolaya [[:en:Monitor_lizard|kgwathe]] go dira gore go nne le ditsuatsue tse di tlhorontshang, gore go nna tsala le motho yo o nang le [[:en:Albinism|boswafe]] go dira gore motho a se ka a nna lesego, kgotsa gore go nwa motlhapo wa poo go ka thusa motho go ithuta go letsa molodi. Gape e akaretsa dipolelo tsa setshedi se se tona se se kometsang bana ga mmogo le moruti yo o itseelang dikobo ka dikgoka mo basetsaneng ba botlana. Melaetsa e e mo polelong e, e golaganya ''Juggling Truths'' le dipadi tse pedi tsa ntlha tsa ga Dow mme e akantsha batho gore basetsana le basadi ba kgona go tlhabolola maatla a bone ka thuto e bile ba kgona go ikakanyetsa. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|M'Raijii|2017|p=77}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=45}}</ref></ref>. Dow o atamela tshekatsheko ya gagwe ya go raraana ga dipopego tsa setshaba a dirisa ditsereganyo tse di farologaneng, a lemoga gore ga go na ditharabololo tse di bonolo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=39}}</ref></ref> ''Buka ya Juggling Truths'' e ne e le motlhophiwa wa [[Percy FitzPatrick Award|Mokgele wa Percy FitzPatrick]] mo setlhopheng sa bagolo ba ba botlana ka ngwaga wa 2006.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=149}}</ref></ref> Buka ya ga Dow ya ngwaga wa 2007 ya setlhogo sa '<nowiki/>''The Heavens May Fall'<nowiki/>'' e bua ka boitshupo jo bo fetogang go tswa mo setšhabeng se se remeletseng mo ditumelong tsa setso go ya kwa lefatsheng la ditumelo tsa segompieno . Go ya ka tebo ya ga mme Dow, setšhaba se nna fela se fetoga; ka ntlha ya seo, ngwao, bong, boitshupo, puo, dipopego le metheo ya setshaba le tsone di a fetoga.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=81}}</ref></ref> E bontsha botshelo jwa ga mme Dow ka bo ene, polelo e o, e bolela ka phetogo ya go tswa mo go tlhokeng ditsela go ya kwa go tsenyeng diphaephe mo matlong le kafa khumo ya diteemane e neng ya dira gore go nne le bokgoni jwa go bona thuto e e rileng, botsogo jo bo lolameng le ditirelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=84}}</ref></ref> [Buka e neeletswe bana ba gagwe ba bararo, e boeletsa ka fa dikakanyo ka ga bone di fetogileng ka teng, ka e le Maaferika, mme gape ba na le boitshupo jo bo raraaneng ka gore ntate wa bone e ne e le moagedi wa lefatshe la Amerika. Mo nakong e polelo e tswelelang ka yone ba ka bo ba bonwe ke setšhaba e le batswakwa. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=86}}</ref></ref> Polelo e, e bua ka Naledi, yo o tshotsweng pele ga Botswana a tlhabololwa mme e diragala ka nako ya fa Dow a gwetlha molao wa bosetšhaba.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=83}}</ref></ref> Jaaka mmueledi, Naledi o emetse bomme le bana ba ba ba tlhokang thuso ya tsereganyo kgotsa ya semolao. O tsaya tsheko ya motswasetlhabelo yo o mo dingwageng tsa bolesome wa kgang ya go tseelwa dikobo ka dikgoka mme o senola go raraana ga tsamaiso ya semolao e e laolwang ke batho ba borre, e e neng ya kgaphela tsheko kwa thoko ntle le theetso ya yone. Le fa tsheko e sa rarabololwa, mosekisiwa o ne a laelwa go dira tlhatlhobo ya mogare wa HIV, ka gore motswasetlhabelo wa gagwe o ne a kopane le tlhakanelo dikobo e e sa dirisetswang tshireletso, <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=87}}</ref></ref> mo go gatelelang diphetogo tsa lefatshe le go fetogafetoga ga dilo. Bong ga bo a neela mosekisiwa tshiamelo kgotsa dithata tsa go tila tlhatlhobo mo lefatsheng le tsamaiso ya semolao e nang le ditshireletso go akaretsa tshireletso ya basadi, <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=88}}</ref></ref> le fa tsamaiso ya semolao e ne ya felela e paletswe ke go thusa Naledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> == Dikwalo == Ka ngwaga wa 2000, fa Dow a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dipolelo, go ne go na le bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba tlhagisitse dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela mafatshe a a kwa ntle ga Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref>Lengwe la mabaka a seo e ne e le kganetso e e feteletseng ya boeteledipele jwa lefatshe la Botswana gore batho-basweu ba kwa ga Mmamosadinyana ba kopanye lefatshe la bone le [[Aforika Borwa|Aferikaborwa]], se se neng sa dira gore go nne le kganetso ya go itshireletsa kgatlhanong le tumelo ya [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|kopano ya mafatshe a Aferika]] go ne ga boa gape ga nna le go tlhoka peeletso mo dikgwebong tsa koketso-madi a setšhaba le mo tlhabololong ya thuto. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=34, 36}}</ref></ref> Mefuta ya dibuka tsa gagwe ka bobedi ba tsone go akaretsa tse e seng tsa dipolelo le tsa dipolelo di kopanya dintlhana tsa dikgang tse di amanang le setšhaba ga mmogo le tsa semolao e bile di supa ditlamorago tsa tsone mo go tsa bong le tsa ga mmogo le kabisano ya dithata.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref><ref name=":2"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=35}}</ref></ref> . Dibuka dingwe le dingwe tsa ga Dow di sekaseka mekgwa ya setšhaba e e bakang go sa lekalekane ga dikamano tsa dithata le go tlhotlheletsa [[:en:Domestic_violence|tiriso-dikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi]], [[:en:Child_sexual_abuse|tirisobotlhaswa ya bana,]] [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Africa#Southern_Africa|mathata a segajaja sa AIDS]], le [[:en:Gender_inequality|go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> Baanelwa mo dipolelong tsa gagwe ba dirisa mokgwa wa go akanya yo o tlwaelesegileng go ganetsa mekgwa ya ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ka fa ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa ngwao.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=153}}</ref></ref> Mo pading ya gagwe ya ntlha ya leina la '<nowiki/>''Far and Beyon′'' ya ngwaga wa 2000, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma mogopolo mo setlhogong se se botlhokwa sa leroborobo la bolwetsi jwa AIDS le ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka mo malwapeng, bogolo jang ka fa basadi ba ba tshelang mo setšhabeng se se dumelang mo ketelelongpele ke batho ba borre ba tshelang ka teng mo malwapeng a a se nang borre ka ntlha ya tshenyo e e bakileng mo magaeng a lefatshe la Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Leder Macharia|2012|p=249}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=40}}</ref></ref> E sekaseka melelwane e mekgwa ya setso, dingwao le metheo e e bayang mo basetsaneng ga mmogo le mo basading ka go dirisa dipopego tse di ikaegileng ka ketelelo pele ya banna.<ref name=":0" />Mo polelong e o, Mara, e bong mmè yo o sa itseng go bala le go kwala e bile a sa kgone go itshedisa, o setse a tsile a nyalwa ke monna a le mongwe a bo a tlhokafalelwa ke bana ba gagwe ba le babedi ka ntlha ya bolwetsi jwa AIDS, monna yo mongwe o ne a mo tlogela, mme monna wa gagwe wa boraro o ne a mo sotlaka.<ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0" />Mara o ne a amanya go swa ga bana ba gagwe le mmaba mongwe yo o fitlhegileng mme a batla dikarabo mo go bo [[:en:Divination|nkadilatlha]]. Le fa morwadie, wa leina la Mosadi, yo ka tlwaelo a itsegeng e le Mosa, le ngwana wa gagwe wa mosimane yo o setseng, e bong Stan, ba sa dumele gore a nkadilatlha o ka tlhalosa gore ke eng fa bokgaitsadie ba tlhokafetse, ba diragatsa fela dithomo tse ba di laetsweng. <ref name=":1" /> Fa Mosa a lemoga gore o mo mmeleng ebile o latlhilwe ke rraagwe ngwana, o tsaya tshwetso ya gore a senye mpa mo sephiring, go na le go imetsa mmaagwe yo o setseng a lebaganwe ke mathata.<ref name=":0" /> Mo maitekong a go fodisa lelwapa la gagwe, Mosa o sekaseka mekgwa ya tlwaelo e e kgaoganyang banna le basadi e bo e tsholeletsa megopolo ya borre kwa godimo, e ruta basadi go itlhokomolosa ditselana tse ba kgopisiwang ka tsone e bile ba sa tsewe sentle.<ref><ref name=":3" /></ref> Se e le tsela ya go fetlha boikanyo mo lelwapeng la gabone le mo setsong sa lefatshe la gabone, Mosa o ithuta go gana go amogela maitsholo a a sa lolamang mo tikologong ya gabone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref>Ka tsela e, mme Dow o ne a sekaseka ka moo go ineela ga setšhaba le go didimala ka diphoso mo setšhabeng go bakang tlhakatlhakano ya megopolo le go tiriso-botlhaswa ya batho ba ba se nang dithata ke ba ba nang le dithata go ba feta.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=38–40}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|alt=Photograph of asmiling African woman wearing a grey tweed jacket over a white v-necked blouse with a purple scarf and beaded necklace around her neck.|thumb| Mme Dow ka ngwaga wa 2011]] Melaetsa e e tshwanang e tsentswe mo pading ya bobedi ya ga Dow ya setlhogo sa '<nowiki/>''The Screaming of the Innocent'' ' ya ngwaga wa 2001, e le yone e sekasekang thatafatso ya basadi mo lefatsheng le le tletseng bonweenwee jwa mapodisi, dipolao tsa ditlhabelo tsa bongaka ba setso, diphiri mo metheong ya lefatshe ga mmogo le tidimalo ya setšhaba mo dikgannyeng tse.<ref name=":2" /> Fa a sekaseka mokgwa wa setso wa ''dipheko'', wa go bolaya motho go gopela dirwe tsa gagwe ka ntlha ya lesego le katlego e a nang le yone go ya ka tumelo ya maselamotse , Dow o supa ka fa bahumi le batho ba ba nang le dithata ba tshwarang baagedi ba metseselegae ba ba sa rutegang ka teng le ka fa ba rekang tidimalo ya ba ba mo maemong a molao ka teng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=40–41}}</ref></ref> Mo bukeng e, mosetsana mongwe o mmotlana o bolawa mo [[The bush|sekgweng]] gaufi le motse wa gaabo mme tshedimosetso ka ga tsheko e o e gateletswe ke mapodisi le banna ba ba nang le dithata tse di rileng ba lefelo la gabone. Go kgaoganngwa ga gagwe go fitlhegile mo pading jaaka sesupo sa go tlhoka go lemogiwa ga ditiro tse di ntseng jalo mo setšhabeng ka kakaretso.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref> Moanelwamogolo, e bong Amantle Bokaa, yo o wetsang [[:en:National_service|tirelo ya gagwe ya setshaba]], o ribolola diaparo tse di tletseng madi mo lebokosong la kokelwana e a abetsweng go berekela kwa go yone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=42–43}}</ref></ref>Diaparo tseo ke tsa motho yo o kileng a tlhaselwa pelenyana, mme fa di tlhagisiwa mo bathong ba motse di tsosa maitemogelo a gore ntlha e o ba ne ba e fitlhetswe. Ka go nne batho ba motse ba ne ba dumela gore Bokaa o ka seke a lebiwe ka tsela e e sa siamang e ba ba mo maemong a a rileng ba ba tshwarang ka yone, o tlhophiwa go bua le mapodisi mo boemong jwa batho ba motse.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=43}}</ref></ref>Ka lebaka la gore ke mosadi e bile ke ngwana, o ne a tlaa lebega a se na maatla, mme dithutego tsa gagwe, tse di neng tsa mo ruta bokgoni jwa go lebagana le baganetsi le go botsolosa ditumelo, di mo fa maatla le go itshepa go ka gwetlha molao wa tidimalo ga mmogo le dikgoreletsi tsa setshaba tse di emeng kgatlhanong le ene.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=43}}</ref></ref> <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=23}}</ref></ref>Tiro ya ga Dow ga e tlhome mogopolo fela mo dikamanong tsa dithata, mme e tlhoma mogopolo mo go tshoseng ga dipolao tsa dipheko le [[Femicide|dipolao tsa basadi]]. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=27}}</ref></ref>O tlhalosa sentle tumelo ya gagwe ya gore bomme e tlaa nna bone ba ba okameng diphetogo mo melaong ya go fedisa ditiro tse di ntseng jalo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=32}}</ref></ref> ''Buka ya Far and Beyon′'' e ne ya gatisiwa la ntlha mo Botswana mme morago ga moo ya gatisiwa kwa Australia. ''Buka ya 'The Screaming of the Innocent' e'' ne ya gatisiwa la ntlha kwa Australia mme ga gatisiwa gape kwa Aferikaborwa ka ngwaga wa 2003. Padi ya gagwe ya boraro, ya setlhogo sa ''Juggling Truths'', e ne ya gatisiwa mo ngwageng yo o kwa Australia mme ya gololwa mo ngwageng o o latelang kwa Aferika Borwa. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=36}}</ref></ref> Dow o ne a sekaseka gape mekgwa ya setso le ditlwaelo tsa setshaba tse di sa lolamang a bo a tswa ka maano a go di lwantsha. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref> Le fa a ne a sekaseka setšhaba sa Aferika mo nakong e e fetileng le dikgang tse di bakilweng ke go ganetsana le ditiro tsa segompieno tsa letso la batho-basweu le setso sa selegae, tiro e, e itebagantse thata le go lekalekanya mekgwa e e siameng le e e sa siamang mo setsong sa selegae. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|pp=38–39}}</ref></ref> Ka go dirisa moanelwa, Monei, yo e leng mosetsana yo mmotlana yo o nnang mo motseng wa selegae, Dow o sekaseka dingwao tse di fetedisitsweng mo dikokomaneng le tiriso ya mainane jaaka tsela ya go tsenya dikaelo tsa maitsholo le jaaka taolo ya botho jwa bana. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|M'Raijii|2017|p=77}}</ref></ref>Buka e o e botsa dipotso ka dikgang go akaretsa ditumelo tsa gore go bolaya [[:en:Monitor_lizard|kgwathe]] go dira gore go nne le ditsuatsue tse di tlhorontshang, gore go nna tsala le motho yo o nang le [[:en:Albinism|boswafe]] go dira gore motho a se ka a nna lesego, kgotsa gore go nwa motlhapo wa poo go ka thusa motho go ithuta go letsa molodi. Gape e akaretsa dipolelo tsa setshedi se se tona se se kometsang bana ga mmogo le moruti yo o itseelang dikobo ka dikgoka mo basetsaneng ba botlana. Melaetsa e e mo polelong e, e golaganya ''Juggling Truths'' le dipadi tse pedi tsa ntlha tsa ga Dow mme e akantsha batho gore basetsana le basadi ba kgona go tlhabolola maatla a bone ka thuto e bile ba kgona go ikakanyetsa. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|M'Raijii|2017|p=77}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=45}}</ref></ref>. Dow o atamela tshekatsheko ya gagwe ya go raraana ga dipopego tsa setshaba a dirisa ditsereganyo tse di farologaneng, a lemoga gore ga go na ditharabololo tse di bonolo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=39}}</ref></ref> ''Buka ya Juggling Truths'' e ne e le motlhophiwa wa [[Percy FitzPatrick Award|Mokgele wa Percy FitzPatrick]] mo setlhopheng sa bagolo ba ba botlana ka ngwaga wa 2006.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=149}}</ref></ref> Buka ya ga Dow ya ngwaga wa 2007 ya setlhogo sa '<nowiki/>''The Heavens May Fall'<nowiki/>'' e bua ka boitshupo jo bo fetogang go tswa mo setšhabeng se se remeletseng mo ditumelong tsa setso go ya kwa lefatsheng la ditumelo tsa segompieno . Go ya ka tebo ya ga mme Dow, setšhaba se nna fela se fetoga; ka ntlha ya seo, ngwao, bong, boitshupo, puo, dipopego le metheo ya setshaba le tsone di a fetoga.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=81}}</ref></ref> E bontsha botshelo jwa ga mme Dow ka bo ene, polelo e o, e bolela ka phetogo ya go tswa mo go tlhokeng ditsela go ya kwa go tsenyeng diphaephe mo matlong le kafa khumo ya diteemane e neng ya dira gore go nne le bokgoni jwa go bona thuto e e rileng, botsogo jo bo lolameng le ditirelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=84}}</ref></ref> [Buka e neeletswe bana ba gagwe ba bararo, e boeletsa ka fa dikakanyo ka ga bone di fetogileng ka teng, ka e le Maaferika, mme gape ba na le boitshupo jo bo raraaneng ka gore ntate wa bone e ne e le moagedi wa lefatshe la Amerika. Mo nakong e polelo e tswelelang ka yone ba ka bo ba bonwe ke setšhaba e le batswakwa. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=86}}</ref></ref> Polelo e, e bua ka Naledi, yo o tshotsweng pele ga Botswana a tlhabololwa mme e diragala ka nako ya fa Dow a gwetlha molao wa bosetšhaba.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=83}}</ref></ref> Jaaka mmueledi, Naledi o emetse bomme le bana ba ba ba tlhokang thuso ya tsereganyo kgotsa ya semolao. O tsaya tsheko ya motswasetlhabelo yo o mo dingwageng tsa bolesome wa kgang ya go tseelwa dikobo ka dikgoka mme o senola go raraana ga tsamaiso ya semolao e e laolwang ke batho ba borre, e e neng ya kgaphela tsheko kwa thoko ntle le theetso ya yone. Le fa tsheko e sa rarabololwa, mosekisiwa o ne a laelwa go dira tlhatlhobo ya mogare wa HIV, ka gore motswasetlhabelo wa gagwe o ne a kopane le tlhakanelo dikobo e e sa dirisetswang tshireletso, <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=87}}</ref></ref> mo go gatelelang diphetogo tsa lefatshe le go fetogafetoga ga dilo. Bong ga bo a neela mosekisiwa tshiamelo kgotsa dithata tsa go tila tlhatlhobo mo lefatsheng le tsamaiso ya semolao e nang le ditshireletso go akaretsa tshireletso ya basadi, <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=88}}</ref></ref> le fa tsamaiso ya semolao e ne ya felela e paletswe ke go thusa Naledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> Dow o nnile le seabe mo bukeng ya setlhogo sa ''Schicksal Afrika'' (Pheletso ya Aferika) e e neng ya kokoanngwa ke tautona wa pele wa Jeremane rre [[:en:Horst_Köhler|Horst Köhler]] ka ngwaga wa 2010, o o neng a kokoanya ditiro tsa bakwadi ba ba itsegeng thata. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Wieggman|2010}}</ref></ref>Mokwalo wa gagwe o ne o itebagantse le puso ya batho-basweu le go tlhoka go itshepha ga kontinente ya Aferika mo botlhaleng jwa yone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Schamburek|2010}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a gatisa gape buka ya setlhogo sa 'Saturday ''is for funerals'<nowiki/>'' le [[:en:Max_Essex|Max Essex]], yo e leng morutabana [[Harvard University|wa Harvard]] le mmatlisisi ka bolwetsi jwa AIDS. Buka e, e kwadilwe jaaka ditlotlo magareng ga ga Dow le Essex. O simolola kgaolo nngwe le nngwe, ka polelo ya nnete ya motho yo o amilweng ke bolwetsi jwa HIV/AIDS, e e latelelwang ke kakgelo ya ga Essex ka go tlhatlhoba, diritibatsi tsa mogare, le ditharabololo tsa maemo a Botswana jaaka lefatshe le le nang le seelo sa boraro se se kwa godimo sa HIV mo lefatsheng ka bophara. Le fa [[:en:Helen_Epstein_(journalist)|Helen Epstein]], moithutatshelo wa tsa Saense le mmegadikgang yo o kwalang ka HIV/AIDS, <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Starita|2008}}</ref></ref> a ne a hutsafalela gore bontsi jwa ditharabololo tsa ga Essex di tlhoka maranyane a a kwa godimo, o ne a lemoga gore dipolelo tsa ga Dow di gapeletsa mme di bontsha go iketleeletsa ga setšhaba sa Batswana go lwantsha bothata jwa sone jwa bolwetse bo ka tlhamalalo le ka kutlwelobotlhoko. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Epstein|2010|p=16}}</ref></ref> Fetson Kalua, morutabana wa Dithuto tse dikgolwane tsa Sekgoa kwa [[Yunibesithi ya Aforika Borwa|Yunibesithing ya Aferikaborwa]], <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Baker|2009|p=365}}</ref></ref> o ne a bitsa Dow "mokwadi yo o nang le tlhotlheletso go gaisa wa dipolelo mo Botswana mo malatsing a gompieno". <ref name=":3"><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=81}}</ref></ref> pfv9xy5c1ldcxpiitxpb8jz5amml311 53620 53607 2026-07-30T09:36:36Z ~2026-42209-53 13038 Ke tsentse metswedi 53620 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Unity Dow|office=[[Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation (Botswana)|Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation]]|image=Unity Dow - PopTech 2011 - Camden Maine USA - 6269953840.jpg|alt=Photograph of an African woman in a grey brocaded suit standing in front of a backdrop depicting a group of African women in blue dresses, while giving a speech. She is wearing a geometrically patterned beaded neck collar, has a yellow device in her right hand, and is pointing with her left index finger to the left of the stage.|caption=Dow in 2011|predecessor=[[Vincent T. Seretse]]|president=[[Mokgweetsi Masisi]]|successor=[[Lemogang Kwape]]|term_start=2 November 2019|term_end=26 August 2020|majority2=193 (1.66%)|office2=[[Member of Parliament (Botswana)|Member of Parliament]] for [[Kgatleng West]]|predecessor2=''new constituency''|party=[[Botswana Congress Party]]|birth_name=Unity Diswai|birth_date={{birth date and age|1959|4|23|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Mochudi]], [[Bechuanaland Protectorate]] (now [[Botswana]]|spouse={{Marriage|Peter Nathan Dow|7 March 1984}}<br/> Karl J. Stahl{{sfn|Karlsruhe Institute of Technology|2008}}|children=3|alma_mater=[[University of Botswana and Swaziland]] ([[LLB]])<br>[[University of Edinburgh]]|profession=Lawyer, judge, politician, writer, and human rights activist}} '''Unity Dow''' (née '''Diswai'''; o tshotswe ka Moranang a le masome mabedi le boraro 1959) ke mmueledi wa [[Botswana|Motswana]]^{[<nowiki/>[[Batho ba ba tswang kwa Botswana ba bidiwa Motswana (bongwe) kgotsa Batswana (bontsi) .|N]]}^{[[Batho ba ba tswang kwa Botswana ba bidiwa Motswana (bongwe) kgotsa Batswana (bontsi) .|opolo 1]]]}, mokwadi, [[molweladitshwanelo tsa batho]] le [[Leloko la Palamente]] la [[Kgatleng Bophirima]] e sale ka Ngwanatsele 2024. O kile a nna moatlhodi kwa [[Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko ya Botswana]] le mo phateng a a farologaneng a Botswana. O tsholetswe kwa [[Bechuanaland|Bechuanaland Protectorate]] ke moroki le molemimorui, ba ba neng ba gatelela gore bana ba bone ba bone thuto, Dow o goletse mo motseng wa setso wa legae pele ga ditlhabololo tsa segompieno. O ne a bona thuto ya molao ka 1983 kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Botswana le Swaziland]], le fa dithuto tsa gagwe di ne tsa wediwa kwa Swaziland le kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Edinburgh]], kwa Scotland, ka Botswana a ne a sena sekolo sa molao ka nako eo. Fa a sena go aloga, Dow o ne a bula kantoro ya ntlha ya molao e le ya basadi gotlhe mo Botswana mme ka 1997 a nna mosadi wa ntlha go tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi kwa Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko ya lefatshe leo. Ka nako ya fa a ne a le mo tirong ya molao, Dow o ne a amega mo dikgetsing di le tharo tsa ditso mo Botswana. Ka 1992, e ne e le mongongoregi mo kgetsing e e botlhokwa ya semolao, ''[[Unity Dow v Attorney-Genera]]''l, e e neng ya fedisa go tlhaola batho ka bong mo [[melaong ya bosetšhaba]] ya setšhaba e pele e neng e sa letle bana go bona bosetšhaba mo go bommaabone ba ba nyetsweng. Kgetse e ne ya bonela Dow tebelelo ya boditšhabatšhaba mme ya tsosa lekhubu la diphetogo tse di fedisang go sa lekalekane ga bong mo melaong ya bosetšhaba go ralala Aforika. Ka 2006, jaaka moatlhodi yo o okametseng kgetse ya ga ''Roy Sesana and Others v. the Government of Botswana'', Dow o ne a atlhola kgatlhanong le ditiro tsa puso tsa go thibela [[batho ba tlholego ba Basarwa]] go nna le go tsoma mo [[mafelong a borraabonemogologolwane]], mme seo sa ba pateletsa go nna gape kwa ntle ga [[Central Kalahari Game Reserve]]. O ne a atlhola gore puso e tshwanetse go busetsa ditirelo tsa motheo, e letle Basarwa go boela mo lefatsheng le go bona ditetla tsa go tsoma, le go duela ditshenyegelo mo go ba ba fudusitsweng ka dikgoka fa ba ka tlhopha go se boele. Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Dow o ne a dira jaaka mmueledi wa semolao wa [[LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo kgetseng ya bone ya go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa Lephateng la Kwadiso ya Matsalo mme ba atlega go amogela katlholo ya gore puso e letle mokgatlho o kwadisiwe. Dow o ne a tlhophiwa la ntlha go tsena mo [[Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba]] ka 2014, fa a ne a tlhophiwa ke Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] jaaka mopalamente yo o itlhophetsweng. O ne a tlhomiwa la ntlha go nna Mothusa Tona wa Thuto mme ka 2015 a nna Tona ya Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Dikitso. Morago ga moo o ne a dira jaaka Tona ya Thuto ya Motheo, Tona ya Mafaratlhatlha le Tlhabololo, le Tona ya Merero ya mafatshe a sele, pele ga a nna moeteledipele wa [[lemorago]] ka 2020. O dirile mo dikhuduthamageng le dikomiting di le mmalwa tsa boditšhabatšhaba, a sekaseka tiriso ya melao e e amang ditshwanelo tsa batho kwa [[Kenya]], [[Palastina]], [[Rwanda]] le [[Sierra Leone]]. Ka 2000, Dow o ne a simolola go gatisa dipadi, ka tlwaelo o ne a lebile dikgang tsa loago le tsa semolao le ditlamorago tsa tsone mo dipopegong tsa bong le tsa maatla. Dibuka tse di sekaseka mekgwa ya loago le go dirisa batho botlhaswa ka go ba sotlaka, go dirisa dikgoka le go gatelela ditshwanelo tsa batho. O amogetse dikakgolo le ditlotla di le dintsi ka ntlha ya tiro ya gagwe ya go thusa batho, go akaretsa le [[Legion of Honor]] ka 2010. == Botshelo jwa pele le thuto == Unity Dow o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Moranang e le malatsi a masome mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 1959 mo motseng wa [[Mochudi]], mo [[Kgaolo ya Kgatleng|kgaolong ya Kgatleng]], mo lefatsheng la [[Botswana]] le ka nako eo e neng ele [[Bechuanaland|Bechuanaland Protectorate]]<ref name=":0">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLedererMacharia-Mokobi2012|Lederer & Macharia-Mokobi 2012]], p. 248.</ref><ref name=":15">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004]], p. 34.</ref> mo batsading ba gagwe Phiri le Maefshane Diswai (ba ba itsegeng gape ka leina la Moses le Ellen Diswai), ditlogolwana tsa merafe ya tlholego ya [[Basarwa]] le maloko a merafe ya Bakgatla. Motseselegae o a goletseng mo go one o ne o sa tshelwa ditsela, motlakase le metsi a a elang. Go ne go sena mesokelatsebeng e bile o ne a ise a bone setsidifatsi go fitlha a nna mo dingwageng tsa bonana, le fa e le thelebishene go fitlha a nna dingwaga di le masome a mabedi.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDaymondLenta2004|Daymond & Lenta 2004]], p. 48.</ref><ref name=":1">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFEllis2012|Ellis 2012.]]</ref> Mmaagwe e ne e le moroki, yo o neng a kgona go bala le go kwala ka [[Setswana]], mme e seng Seesemane.<ref name=":2">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFSunday_Standard2007|''Sunday Standard'' 2007.]]</ref><ref name=":3">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDaymondLenta2004|Daymond & Lenta 2004]], p. 49.</ref> Rraagwe, yo o neng a bereka mo polasing e nnye, o ne a bua le go bala Seesemane.<ref name=":3" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNarloch2012|Narloch 2012]], p. 3.</ref> Fa rraagwe a ne a le kwa sekolong, o ne a gapa thuso ya madi a go tsena [[Yunibesithi ya Fort Hare]], mme thuso eo e ne ya newa morwa kgosi boemong jwa gagwe. Mo batsading ba gagwe ka bobedi, thuto e ne ya nna selo sa botlhokwa mme bana ba bone ba le barataro mo go ba le supa ba ne ba wetsa dithuto tsa bone tsa yunibesithi.<ref name=":3" /> Dithuto tsa bone tsa [[Bophirima]] di ne di sa tlwaelega mo metseselegaeng ya Botswana ka nako eo.<ref name=":2" /> Diswai o weditse dithuto tsa gagwe tse di potlana le tse dikgolwane kwa Mochudi.<ref name=":0" /> Morago ga sekolo se segolwane, o ne a ithutela molao kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Botswana le Swaziland]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Ka gonne go ne go sena sekolo sa molao mo Botswana ka nako eo, ka fa tlase ga thulaganyo ya thuso ya Borithane o ne a tsena yunibesithi kwa [[Eswatini|Swaziland]] mme a wetsa dingwaga di le pedi tsa dithuto kwa Scotland, kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Edinburgh]], pele ga a bona digerata ya gagwe ya [[Bachelor of Laws]] ka 1983 kwa Yunibesithing ya Botswana le Swaziland.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":4">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFUniversity_of_Edinburgh2010|University of Edinburgh 2010.]]</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDaymondLenta2004|Daymond & Lenta 2004]], pp. 49–50.</ref> == Molao le bolweladitshwanelo == === Tiro ya gagwe ya pele (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity Dow - PopTech 2011 - Camden Maine USA - 6266756376.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Unity Dow]] Diswai o ne a bona dithutego tsa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go bereka kwa dikantorong tsa [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana]] e le mosekisi wa melato ya borukutlhi kwa [[Gaborone]]. O nyalane le moagi wa Amerika, Peter Nathan Dow, ka Mopitlo a supa 1984. Banyalani ba ba ne ba nna kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0" /> Ka 1986, Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong e e ikemetseng ka nosi e e neng e dira tiro ya molao wa bosenyi, mme a bula feme ya Dow Malakaila, e leng feme ya ntlha ya molao ya basadi-botlhe mo lefatsheng leo. Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa bomme mo Botswana sa [[Emang Basadi]] (Emela Basadi ka dinao). Ka 1988, leina la feme le ne la fetolwa moragonyana go nna Dow Lesetedi and Company.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFSegwai2008|Segwai 2008.]]</ref><ref name=":4" /> Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a simolola mmogo mokgatlho wa Basadi le Molao mo Borwa jwa Aforika (WLSA) go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dikgetsi.<ref name=":0" /> Go tloga ka 1988 go fitlha ka 1991, Dow o ne a direla WLSA dipatlisiso, a thusa go wetsa thutopatlisiso ya kgaolo ka ga ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi mo mafatsheng a le marataro tse di mabapi.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":2" /> Ka 1990, o thusitse go tlhoma Lefelo la Tshedimosetso la Basadi la Metlhaetsile go rotloetsa thuto ka ditshwanelo tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka 1990, Dow o ne a tlhatlhela kgetsi kwa [[Kgotla Kgolong ya Ditsheko ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" /> Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagi wa 1984, ke fela [[bana ba ba seng ka fa molaong]] ba ba neng ba ka bona bosetšhaba ka mmaabo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1992|Quansah 1992]], p. 196.</ref> Ka bana ba gagwe ba le babedi mo go ba le bararo le Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa tsewe e le Batswana.<ref name=":6">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBeyani1994|Beyani 1994]], p. 294.</ref> Ka go boifa gore go ka nna le kgonagalo ya gore fa tetla ya ga Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng e felelwa ke nako ka 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ka nna la patelesega go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola kgetsi ya [[Unity Dow v Attorney-General]] a latofatsa gore Molao wa Boagi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefadiwa le go sotlakakwa mo go seng mo sethong. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhela e ema Dow nokeng e dumalana gore molao o ama tlhopho ya gagwe e e gololesegileng ya gore o tla nyala mang, o ka mo pateletsa go kgaogana le lelwapa la gagwe fa ditetlelelo tsa bonno tsa monna wa gagwe le bana ba gagwe di sa ntšhwafadiwe, mme o ne o tlhaola.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFColdham1992|Coldham 1992]], pp. 91–92.</ref> === Tiro ya magareng (1991–2009) === Dow o ne a tsere sebaka sa dingwaga di le pedi a beetse tiro ya gagwe ya molao kwa tlhoko ka 1991 ka ntlha ya kgetse e mme ka nako eo, o ne a simolola mmogo Sekolo se se botlana sa Baobob kwa Gaborone le AIDS Action Trust.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":8">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFColumbia_Law_School2009|Columbia Law School 2009.]]</ref> O ne a dira jaaka mogokaganyi wa WLSA go tloga ka 1992 go fitlha ka 1994,<ref name=":5" /> fa boikuelo jwa kgetse ya gagwe bo santse bo letilwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo, ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya nganga gore go tlhaola basadi go sireleditswe ke dipeelo tsa molaomotheo go somarela dingwao tsa setso tsa Botswana, e e neng e le setšhaba sa [[losika lwa borre]].<ref name=":6" /> <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], pp. 190–191.</ref> Mmueledi Mogolo le ene o ne a ganela gore Dow o ne a na le maitsetsepelo, a bolela gore ene ka boene ga a a utlwisiwa botlhoko ke sepe.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], p. 190.</ref> [[Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Tautona ya Baatlhodi [[Austin Amissah]], e ne ya swetsa ka gore kgethololo ya bong e thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ka se fete dipeelo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse Botswana e neng e na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le modumedi wa tsone.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBeyani1994|Beyani 1994]], p. 295.</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], p. 196.</ref> Mo kgannyeng ya maitsetsepelo, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go na le kgonagalo ya gore a ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne a gobaditswe, mme go kgaogana le ba lelwapa la gagwe go tla bo go nyenyefatsa le go tlhoka setho.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], pp. 200–201.</ref> Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa katlholo ya Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditseko ka diphetogo tse dinnye, ya bolela gore Dikarolo tsa bone le botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagi ga di dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFQuansah1993|Quansah 1993]], p. 189.</ref> Ka ntlha ya katlholo e e botlhokwa e, ka 1995 Molao wa Boagi o ne wa baakanngwa go tlosa go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go boneng bosetšhaba mo Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFManby2010|Manby 2010]], p. 50.</ref> Katlholo e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go ralala Aforika go gatelela phetogo mo melaong ya bone ya bosetšhaba le go fedisa go sa lekalekane ga bong, mme seno sa felela ka gore mo e ka nnang sephatlo sa mafatshe a Aforika a baakanye melao ya bosetšhaba ka 2010.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPailey2020|Pailey 2020]], p. 1839.</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFManby2010|Manby 2010]], p. 48.</ref> Go tloga ka 1994 go fitlha ka 1998, Dow o ne a dira jaaka mokaedi wa Setheo sa Tshedimosetso sa Basadi sa Metlhaetsile mme ka nako eo o ne a gatisa ''The Citizenship Case'' ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le botlhano, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa kgetse ya gagwe.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":4" /> Ka 1996, o ne a dira mo kgetsing e e neng e amana le [[go tlhokomela bana]] e e neng ya felela ka gore go dirwe phetolo ya melao ya tshegetso, mme ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bosupa o ne a tlhagisa kgetse ka ga [[bolwetse jwa basadi ba ba itewang]], a tsaya gore tseno ke dikgang tse di botlhokwa mo basading.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":9">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDavis2014|Davis 2014]], p. 227.</ref> Mo ngwageng oo, Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi kwa [[Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kwa kgotlatshekelong ka Firikgong 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5" /> Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetlho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go dira jaaka moatlhodi kwa Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko.<ref name=":16">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLedererMacharia-Mokobi2012|Lederer & Macharia-Mokobi]] 2012, p. 249.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone , Dow o ne a dira jaaka karolo ya thomo ya [[Lekgotla la Ditshaba]] go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le [[Charlotte Abaka]] wa Mo-Ghana, yo e kileng ya bo e le modulasetilo wa [[Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref name=":7">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFDivision_for_the_Advancement_of_Women2004|Division for the Advancement of Women 2004]], p. 8.</ref> [[Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya Middle East Technical University ya Bong le Basadi; kwa [[Ankara]], kwa Turkey;<ref name=":7" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBianet2019|Bianet 2019.]]</ref> [[Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa Gender Studies and Human Rights Documentation Centre kwa [[Accra]];<ref name=":7" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBowman2019|Bowman 2019]], p. 4.</ref> le Moaforika Borwa, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]], moporofesara wa molao kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Puso ya Pennsylvania|Yunibesithing ya Pennsylvania]] [[Yunibesithing ya Puso ya Pennsylvania|State]].<ref name=":7" /> Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna molaodi wa [[Khuduthamaga ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong ao ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe.<ref name=":12">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLazaroff2012|Lazaroff 2012]].</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro , o ne a tlhophiwa go direla mo komiting e kgolo ya Khuduthamaga ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi le balaodi ba le barataro ba ba boelelang le maloko a mararo a masha, go akaretsa le ene, [[Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa [[Serbia]] le [[Raji Sourani]] wa [[Palastina]].<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPalestinian_Centre_for_Human_Rights2006|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights 2006]].</ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo kgetsing ya ''[[Roy Sesana and Others v. the Government of Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa kwa Kgotleng Kgolo ya Ditsheko ka 2002 ke batho ba Basarwa<ref name=":10">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], pp. 103–104, 107.</ref> (ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba bidiwang batho ba naga ya Kalahari)<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":9" /> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa kgetsi mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le 241 ba ba neng ba tsena mo kgetsing fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e fedisa metsi mo lefelong leno la polokelo, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisa go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, le go leka go tlosa Basarwa ka dikgoka kwa ba nnang teng. Ba ne ba baakanya kgetse ya bone go akaretsa go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo le makgabisa naga go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong la tshireletso kwantle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya diteseletso tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref name=":10" /> Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka 2006, Dow o ne ya swetsa ka gore go fedisiwa ga ditirelo le go patelediwa go fudusiwa ga Basarwa go ne go emela tlolomolao ya tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaomotheo.<ref name=":5" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], pp. 108–109.</ref> O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ditshenyegelo di duelwe ba ba neng ba fudusitswe mme ba se na keletso ya go boa.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], p. 109.</ref> Mo kgannyeng ya diteseletso tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro ba ne ba dumalana gore di ne di thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, ka le fa Lephata la Diphologolo le makgabisa Naga le ne le sa patelesege go ntsha diteseletso, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela ka nako e gape ba neng ba emisa mophako, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa batho ba Basarwa jwa go itshedisa.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], pp. 115–117.</ref> Mo kgannyeng ya diteseletso tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go dirisa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], p. 120.</ref> Kgetse e, go ya ka moporofesa wa molao Clement Ng'ong'ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana go amogela ditshwanelo tsa batho ba tlholego mo mafatsheng a borraabonemogologolwane.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNg'ong'ola2007|Ng'ong'ola 2007]], p. 121.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bosupa, Dow o ne a dira jaaka leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya Rwanda le go sekaseka gore lefatshe le ka tswa jang mo [[dikgotlhang]] tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya yone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo dikgetseng tsa [[polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba bo tshekiso e e sa tseeng letlhakore.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREF%C3%85hlund2007|Åhlund 2007]], p. 5.</ref><ref name=":11">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFUniversity_of_South_Australia2009|University of South Australia 2009]].</ref> Nngwe ya dikgetsi tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le malebang le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la dino tse di tagang. Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome mararo mme kgetse e ne ya feleletsa e tholotswe.<ref name=":5" /> O ne a rola tiro mo setilong ka kgwedi ya Moranang,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[Sekolong sa Molao sa Yunibesithi ya Washington le Lee]] kwa [[Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a dira jaaka moporofesa yo o etileng kwa [[Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":11" /> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010–gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome , Dow o ne a tlhoma feme ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi eo o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[Tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong ya Nakwana e e Ikemetseng ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go diragatsa [[Molaomotheo]] o mosha wa Kenya.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNSW_Bar_Association2011|NSW Bar Association 2011]].</ref><ref name=":9" /> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bongwe , o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetulo wa Komiti e kgolo ya Molaodi wa Khuduthamaga ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCrowe2011|Crowe 2011]].</ref> Mo ngwageng oo Dow o ne a simolola go dira le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo tse dingwe tsa [[batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa Omang tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCamminga2020|Camminga 2020]], pp. 247–248.</ref> Ka nako eo kwa Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba baakanye ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dikwalong tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ne ba ya kwa ofising ya Omang le kwadiso matsalo go fetola dikwalo tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go tla ka taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCamminga2020|Camminga 2020]], pp. 244, 248.</ref> Ba ne ba kopa Dow go ba thusa, mme ene o ne a ikgolaganya le [[Setheo sa Ditsheko sa Aforika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le tshegetso ya madi.<ref name=":13">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFCamminga2020|Camminga 2020]], p. 248.</ref> Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla newa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke kgetse, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo kgetsing e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa dikgetse tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref name=":13" />^{[Nopolo ya boraro]} Go fitlhelela seo, Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho wa [[LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo kgetsing ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya matsalo. Mokgatlho o ne o ganetswe ka go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Badiri le Merero ya Selegae, ka mabaka a gore ditiro tsa thatano ya bong di ne di se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng leo. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho go tlola tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore kgetse e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa thobalano, mme e le gore a maloko a ka kokoana le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMokwape2014a|Mokwape 2014a]].</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone , Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotla Kgolo ya Ditsheko o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha le go se letla go kopana go ne go tlola Molaomotheo, Dikarolo ya boraro, lesome le bobedi, le lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, kgololesego ya go kopana, le kgololesego ya go kokoana ka go latelana.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMokwape2014b|Mokwape 2014b]].</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity Dow and Macsuzy Mondon, September 2015.jpg|thumb|200x200px|BoTona Dow le [[Macsuzy Mondon]] (Seychelles) ba saena Memo ya Kutlwano ya lenaneo la kananyo ya barutabana, 2015]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi a le malatsi marataro ngwaga wa dikete tse pedile lesome le bobedi , Dow o ne a tlhomiwa ke [[Lekgotla la Ditshwanelo tsa Batho la Lekgotla la Ditshaba]] jaaka mongwe wa baitseanape ba le bararo ba ba ikemetseng go dira thomo ya go batlisisa dintlha ka ga ka moo mafelo a bonno a Iseraele a kwa West Bank a amang Bapalestina ka teng.<ref name=":12" /> Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a swetsa go tsena mo dipolotiking mme a tsenelela lekoko la [[Botswana Democratic Party]].<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFSunday_Standard2012a|''Sunday Standard'' 2012a]].</ref> O ne a emela [[ditlhopho tsa setshaba tsa 2014]] tsa Kgaolo ya Mochudi Bophirima, mme a latlhegelwa ke go bata setilo mo Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBasimanebotlhe2014|Basimanebotlhe 2014]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane a le masome mabedi le boferabobedi ,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone, Dow o ne a tlhophiwa, mmogo le bontlhopheng ba bangwe ba le barataro, ke Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] wa Botswana jaaka leloko le le itlhophetsweng la palamente. Mmogo le [[Kenneth Matambo]], [[Kitso Mokaila]], le Eric Molale, o ne a fenya ditlhopho mme a tlhomiwa go nna Mothusa Tona wa Thuto mo Pusong eo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMotsamai2014|Motsamai 2014]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMosikare2014|Mosikare 2014]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Dikitso ke Khama, a tlhatlhama [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]], Mothusatautona wa Botswana yo wa nako eo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPiet2015|Piet 2015]].</ref> Ka nako ya fa a ne a le mo Lephateng, Dow o ne a tlhoma lenaneo la go katisa barutabana go tswa kwa Seychelles kwa Botswana le go romela barutabana ba Batswana kwa ntle go ya go thusa Seychelles ka tlhaelo ya barutabana.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFPhiloBonnelame2015|Philo & Bonnelame 2015]].</ref> O ne a direla mo maemong ao go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borataro, fa mo kabakanngwa cabinet, a ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto ya Motheo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMmegi2016b|''Mmegi'' 2016b]].</ref> Morago ga gore Khama a tloge mo maemong a botautona ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi , Dow o ne a sutisiwa ke Tautona yo o tsenang Masisi go tswa mo Thutong go ya kwa maemong a Tona ya Mafaratlhatlha le Tlhabololo ya Matlo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMwakideu2018|Mwakideu 2018]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGabathuse2018|Gabathuse 2018]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi 2018, mo phetogong ya cabinet, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Merero ya Mafatshe a Sele, a ananya setilo sa gagwe mo Mafaratlhatlheng le Matlo le Vincent Tina Seretse, yo o neng a tshwere Merero ya Mafatshe a sele mo nakong e e fetileng.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMorupisi2018|Morupisi 2018]].</ref> Masisi o ne a fenya botautona mo [[ditlhophong tsa setshaba tsa 2019]] mme a tlhomamisa gape Dow jaaka Tona ya Merero ya Mafatshe a Sele ya palamente ya bo lesome le bobedi ya Botswana.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMmegi2019|''Mmegi'' 2019]].</ref> Dow mmogo le barwadie Cheshe le Natasha, o ne a bula Dow Academy kwa Mochudi, [[Kgaolo ya Kgatleng]] ka Firikgong 2020. Sekolo seno se se ikemetseng se ruta thuto e potlana le e kgolwane.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLuebering2020|Luebering 2020]].</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi , Dow o ne a tlogela bodiredi jwa gagwe mme a emisediwa ka Lemogang Kwape mo phetogong ya cabinet.<ref name=":14">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFMotlhoka2020|Motlhoka 2020]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGabathuse2020|Gabathuse 2020]].</ref> Dow o buile ka kgato e, "Jaaka tona o bua thata ka portfolio ya gago. Mme [[banka e e kwa morago]] e go naya kgololesego ya go botsolotsa dikgang tse di farologaneng tse di amang bosetšhaba. Tekanyetso e le nosi ke boemo jwa lekoko la me mo kgannyeng e e rileng".<ref name=":14" /> == Go kwala == Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi , fa Dow a ne a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dinaane, ke bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba dirile dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela babadi kwa ntle ga Botswana. <ref name=":15" /> Lengwe la mabaka a seno e ne e le kganetso e e tiileng ya boeteledipele jwa Batswana gore MaBorithane ba kopanye kgaolo ya bona le ya Aforika Borwa, e e neng ya isa kwa go itshireletseng kgatlhanong le Pan-Africanism le go tlhoka dipeeletso mo mafaratlhatlheng a setšhaba le tlhabololo ya thuto. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;34, 36.</ref> Bobedi dibuka tsa gagwe tsa non-fiction le tsa fiction di kopanya dikgang tsa loago le tsa semolao le seabe sa tsona mo bong le mo kagong ya maatla. <ref name=":9" /> <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] p.&#x20;35.</ref>Mosebetsi o mong le o mong wa Dow o hlahloba ditlwaelo tsa setjhaba tse lebisang ho se leka-lekane ha dikamano tsa matla le ho susumetsa pefo kgahlanong le basadi, tlhekefetso ya thobalano ya bana, bothata ba AIDS, le ho se lekane ha bong. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFJenkins2012|Jenkins 2012,]] p.&#x20;151.</ref> Batho ba ba mo bukeng ya gagwe ba dirisa tlhaloganyo go ganana le ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa setso sa setso. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFJenkins2012|Jenkins 2012]], p.&#x20;153.</ref> Ka padi ya gagwe ya ntlha, Far and Beyon' (2000), Dow o ne a bua thata ka ga leroborobo la AIDS le ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka mo malapeng, segolo jang ka fa basadi ba ba tshelang mo setšhabeng sa borra-bana ba lebanang le malapa a a senang borre ka ntlha ya tshenyo e e tlisitseng kwa Botswana ya kwa magaeng. <ref name=":16" /><ref name=":17">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGagiano2004|Gagiano 2004,]] p.&#x20;40.</ref>E sekaseka dithibelo tsa ditlwaelo tsa setso, meetlo, le ditheo tse di beilweng mo basading le mo basading ka go dirisa dikago tse di ikaegileng ka banna.<ref name=":17" /> Mo kanegelong eno, Mara, mmè yo o sa itseng go bala le go kwala yo o nang le bokgoni jo bo lekanyeditsweng jwa go itlamela, o setse a na le monna a le mongwe le barwa ba le babedi ba ba bolawang ke AIDS, monna yo mongwe a mo latlha, mme molekane wa gagwe wa boraro o mo sotla.<ref name=":18">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004]], p.&#x20;38</ref> <ref name=":17" />Mara o bolela gore loso lwa barwa ba gagwe lo bakilwe ke mmaba yo o fitlhegileng mme o batla dikarabo mo go yo o bolelelang pele isagwe. Le fa morwadie, Mosadi (e e rayang mosadi), yo o itsegeng jaaka Mosa, le morwawe yo o setseng, Stan, ba sa dumele gore meetlo ya mmoki e tla tlhalosa gore ke ka ntlha yang fa bomorwarraabone ba sule, ba tsamaya mmogo le meletlo e e laetsweng. <ref name=":18" /> Fa Mosa a lemoga gore o imile mme o latlhetswe ke rraagwe ngwana, o swetsa go senya mpa ka sephiri, go na le go imetsa mmaagwe go feta.<ref name=":18" /> Mo maitekong a go fodisa lelapa la gagwe, Mosa o sekaseka ditlwaelo tsa loago tse di kgaoganyang banna le basadi le go godisa ditiro tsa banna, a ruta basadi go itlhokomolosa diphoso tsa bone. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGagiano2004|Gagiano 2004,]] p.&#x20;41.</ref>A nna a ikanyega mo lelapeng la gagwe le mo setsong sa gagwe, o ithuta go gana go amogela maitsholo a a sa siamang mo setšhabeng sa gaabo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGagiano2004|Gagiano 2004,]] p.&#x20;42.</ref>Ka tsela e, Dow o tlhatlhoba gore go ineela ga setšhaba le go didimala ka diphoso mo setšhabeng go isa jang kwa tlhakatlhakanong ya mogopolo le go dirisa ba ba senang maatla ka tsela e e sa siamang ke ba ba nang le maatla go feta. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;38–40.</ref> Dipolelo tse di tshwanang di ne tsa tsenngwa mo bukeng ya bobedi ya ga Dow, The Screaming of the Innocent (2001), e e sekasekang gape maatlafatso ya basadi mo nageng e e tletseng ka bonweenwee jwa sepodisi, polao ya ngwao, sephiri sa setheo, le tidimalo ya setšhaba. <ref name=":15" /> Go batlisisa tlwaelo ya setso ya dipheko, go bolaya mongwe go kotula dirwe tsa gagwe tsa mmele ka ntlha ya dinonofo tsa bone tsa boselamose tsa lesego le katlego, Dow o bontsha ka moo bahumi le ba ba maatla ba tsomang ka teng batho ba ba sa itseng go bala le go kwala ba kwa magaeng le go reka tidimalo ya babusi. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;40–41.</ref>Mo bukeng, mosetsanyana o bolailwe mo sekgweng gaufi le motse wa gaabo mme tshedimosetso ka ga kgetsi e ne ya thibelwa ke sepodisi le banna ba ba maatla ba lefelo la gaabo. Go kgaolwa ga mmele wa gagwe go fitlhilwe mo bukeng e le letshwao le le supang gore batho ga ba amogele mekgwa e e ntseng jalo mo setšhabeng ka kakaretso. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] p.&#x20;42.</ref>Protagonist, Amantle Bokaa, yo o fetsang tirelo ya gagwe ya bosetšhaba (e e itsegeng kwa Botswana jaaka Tirelo Sechaba), o fitlhela diaparo tse di nang le madi mo kamoreng ya tleliniki e a e abetsweng.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] pp.&#x20;42–43.</ref> Diaparo tseno ke tsa motho mongwe yo o neng a bolailwe pele ga moo, mme fa di neelwa baagi ba motse ba lemoga gore ba ne ba sa di itse. Bokaa, ka gore baagi ba motse ba dumela gore ga a kitla a bonwa ka tsela e e sa siamang ke balaodi, o tlhophiwa go bua le mapodisi mo boemong jwa baagi ba motse.[ 78] Ka gore ke mosadi le ngwana, o lebega a sena maatla, mme thuto ya gagwe, e e mo rutileng bokgoni jwa go dirisana le kganetso le go belaela ditumelo, e mo naya maatla le boitshepo go gwetlha molao wa tidimalo le dikgoreletsi tsa loago mo tseleng ya gagwe. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLenta2004|Lenta 2004,]] p.&#x20;43.</ref> <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFNgom2018|Ngom 2018,]] p.&#x20;23.</ref>Tiro ya ga Dow ga e bue fela ka dikamano tsa maatla, mme gape e bua ka dilo tse di tshosang tsa polao ya ngwao le polao ya basadi.O tlhalosa ka tlhamalalo tumelo ya gagwe ya gore basadi e tla nna bone ba ba tla fetolang dipholisi go fedisa mekgwa e e ntseng jalo.[ 81] Far and Beyon′ e ne ya gololwa la ntlha kwa Botswana mme morago ya gatisiwa kwa Australia. The Screaming of the Innocent e ne ya gatisiwa la ntlha kwa Australia mme ya gatisiwa gape kwa Afrika Borwa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le boraro. Buka ya gagwe ya boraro, Juggling Truths, e ne ya phasaladiwa ngwaga oo kwa Australia mme ya gololwa ngwaga o o latelang kwa Afrika Borwa. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGagiano2004|Gagiano 2004,]] p.&nbsp;36</ref>Dow gape o ne a tlhatlhoba ditlwaelo tsa setso tse di sa siamang le ditlwaelo tsa loago ka maano a go di lwantsha.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGagiano2004|Gagiano 2004]], p.&nbsp;38.</ref>Le fa a ne a kile a batlisisa ka ga setšhaba sa Aforika le mathata a a bakilweng ke go ganana le segompieno sa Bophirima le setso sa selegae, tiro e e tsepamisitse maikutlo mo tiragalong ya go lekalekanya go dumalana le ditlwaelo tse di siameng le tse di sa siamang mo setsong sa selegae. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGagiano2004|Gagiano 2004,]] pp.&nbsp;38–39.</ref>Ka go dirisa setshwano sa Monei, mosetsana yo monnye yo o nnang mo motseng wa magae, Dow o tlhatlhoba dingwao tsa molomo le tiriso ya ditlhamane le ditlhamane jaaka tsela ya go tsenya dikaelo tsa maitsholo le jaaka taolo ya loago mo baneng.<ref name=":02">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFM'Raiji2017|M'Raiji 2017]], p.&nbsp;77.</ref>Buka eno e gwetlha dilo tse di jaaka tumelo ya gore go bolaya segwagwa se se nnang se lebile go ka baka matsubutsubu a magolo, gore go tsalana le motho yo o nang le boswafi go ka tlisa bomadimabe, kana gore go nwa motlhapo wa poo go ka thusa motho go ithuta go letsa molodi. Gape e na le dipolelo tse di buang ka selalome sa monna se se medisang bana le moruti yo o sotlang basetsana ka tlhakanelodikobo. Ditema tse di mo kanegelong di golaganya Juggling Truths le dibuka tsa ntlha tse pedi tsa ga Dow mme di kaya gore basetsana le basadi ba kgona go tlhabolola nonofo ya bone ka thuto le go akanya ka go ikemela. Dow o atamela tshekatsheko ya gagwe ya go raraana ga loago a dirisa mefuta e e farologaneng ya ditsereganyo, a lemoga gore ga go na ditharabololo tse di bonolo.<ref name=":02" /><ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFGagiano2004|Gagiano 2004]], p.&nbsp;45.</ref>Juggling Truths e ne e le moanelwa wa Percy FitzPatrick Prize mo setlhopheng sa basha ba ba godileng ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFJenkins2012|Jenkins 2012]], p.&nbsp;149.</ref> Buka ya Dow ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bosupa ya The Heavens May Fall e bua ka boitshupo jo bo fetogang go tswa mo setšhabeng sa setso go ya mo lefatsheng la segompieno la lefatshe lotlhe. Mo matlhong a ga Dow, setšhaba se fetoga ka metlha; ka ntlha ya seo, ngwao, bong, boitshupo, puo, kago ya loago le ditheo di a fetoga.<ref name=":19">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFKalua2010|Kalua 2010]], p.&nbsp;81.</ref> Kgang e e buang ka botshelo jwa ga Dow, e bua ka phetogo go tswa mo ditseleng tse di se nang ditshipi go ya go diphaepe tsa metsi tsa mo teng ga ntlo le ka moo khumo ya teemane e neng ya dira gore go nne le thuto, tlhokomelo ya boitekanelo le ditirelo.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFKalua2010|Kalua 2010]], p.&nbsp;84.</ref>Buka e e neetswe bana ba gagwe ba bararo, e boeletsa ka moo dikakanyo ka ga bone di fetogileng ka teng, jaaka e le Maaforika, mme gape ba abelana ka boitshupo jo bo raraaneng ka gonne rraabone e ne e le moagi wa US. Mo nakong e kgang e diragalang ka yone, ba ne ba tla tsewa e le batswakwa. <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFKalua2010|Kalua 2010]], p.&nbsp;86.</ref>Kgang e e bua ka Naledi, yo o belegweng pele ga go dirwa ga Botswana sešwa mme e diragala ka nako ya fa Dow a ne a gwetlha molao wa bosetšhaba.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFKalua2010|Kalua 2010]], p.&nbsp;83.</ref> mmueledi, Naledi o emela basadi ba ba bokoa le bana ba ba tlhokang katlholo kgotsa thuso ya semolao. O tsaya kgetsi ya lekgarebe lengwe le le neng la betelelwa mme o senola gore tsamaiso ya semolao e e laolwang ke banna e ne e na le seabe, e leng se se dirileng gore kgetsi eno e se ka ya sekwa ka nako ya tsheko. Le fa kgetse e sa rarabololwa, molatofadiwa o ne a laelwa go dira teko ya HIV, ka ntlha ya gore motlhaselwa wa gagwe o ne a kile a tlhakanela dikobo a sa itshireletsa,<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFKalua2010|Kalua 2010]], p.&nbsp;87.</ref> se se gatelelang diphetogo tsa loago le go fetofetoga ga maemo. Go nna monna ga go ne go naya molatofadiwa tshiamelo kgotsa maatla a go tila teko mo lefatsheng e mo go yona tsamaiso ya molao e nang le tshireletso go akaretsa tshireletso ya basadi,<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFKalua2010|Kalua 2010,]] p.&nbsp;88.</ref>go sa kgathalesege gore tsamaiso ya molao e ne ya palelwa kwa bofelong Naledi.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFJenkins2012|Jenkins 2012]], p.&#x20;153.</ref> Dow o nnile le seabe mo bukeng ya Schicksal Afrika (Phelelo ya Aforika) e e neng ya kokoanngwa ke Moporesitente wa pele wa Jeremane Horst Köhler ka 2010, e e neng ya kokoanya dibuka tsa bakwadi ba ba itsegeng thata.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFWiegmann2010|Wiegmann 2010.]]</ref> Padi ya gagwe e ne e lebile bokoloniale le go sa tshepane ga Aforika mo botlhaleng jwa yona.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFSchamburek2010|Schamburek 2010]].</ref>Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a gatisa gape Matlhatso Ke wa Diphitlho le Max Essex, moporofesa wa Harvard le mmatlisisi wa AIDS. Buka e kwadilwe jaaka motlotlo magareng ga Dow le Essex. O simolola kgaolo nngwe le nngwe, a bolela kgang ya nnete ya motho yo o amilweng ke HIV/AIDS, e e latelang ke kakgelo ya ga Essex ka ga go dira diteko, melemo ya antiretroviral, le ditharabololo tsa maemo a Botswana jaaka naga e e nang le seelo sa boraro se se kwa godimo sa HIV mo lefatsheng. Le fa Helen Epstein, moithutatshelo wa dimolekhule le mmegadikgang yo o kwalang ka HIV/AIDS,<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFStarita2008|Starita 2008]]</ref>a ne a hutsafalela gore bontsi jwa ditharabololo tsa Essex di tlhoka thekenoloji e e kwa godimo, o ne a fitlhela dikgang tsa ga Dow di gapeletsa mme di bontsha go iketleeletsa ga setšhaba sa Batswana go samagana le bothata jwa sone ka tlhamalalo le ka kutlwelobotlhoko<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFEpstein2010|Epstein 2010,]] p.&nbsp;16.</ref>Fetson Kalua, moporofesara wa Dithuto tsa Seesemane kwa Yunibesithing ya Aforika Borwa,<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFBaker2009|Baker 2009]], p.&nbsp;365</ref>o ne a bitsa Dow "mokwadi yo o nang le tlhotlheletso e kgolo ya ditlhamane mo Botswana gompieno".<ref name=":19" /> == Ditlotla le Dietsele == Dow e nnile moamogedi wa dikabelo le ditlotla di le dintsi, go akaretsa le dikirii ya bongaka ya tlotlo ya molao go tswa kwa Kholetšheng ya Kenyon (Gambier, Ohio, 2001), Kholetšheng ya Saint Michael (Colchester, Vermont, 2007),<ref name=":112">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFUniversity_of_South_Australia2009|University of South Australia 2009]].</ref> le Yunibesithi ya Edinburgh (Edinburgh, Scotland, 2009).<ref name=":42">[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFUniversity_of_Edinburgh2010|University of Edinburgh 2010.]]</ref> O amogetswe tiro ya gagwe ya ditshwanelo tsa batho ka Sekgele sa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho sa William Brennan (2003) sa Yunibesithi ya Rutgers kwa New Brunswick, kwa New Jersey; Awate ya Botlhatlheledi jo bo Tlotlegang ya ga Phyllis N. Stern (2008) ya Lekgotla la Boditšhabatšhaba la Dikgang tsa Pholo ya Basadi; le Sekgele sa Basadi ba ba Tlhegeletseng mo Molaong wa Boditšhabatšhaba (2009) sa Setlhopha sa Dikgatlhego sa Basadi mo Molaong wa Boditšhabatšhaba sa Mokgatlho wa Amerika wa Molao wa Boditšhabatšhaba.<ref name=":112" /> <ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFTabak2018|Tabak 2018.]]</ref>Gape e ne e le motlhophiwa wa pontsho ya Phetogo e e Tlhotlheletsang Basadi ya Sekolo sa Molao sa Harvard (2014).<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFHarvard_Law_School2014|Harvard Law School 2014.]]</ref>Ka di 14 Phukwi 2010, o ne a abelwa Legion of Honor ke Moemedi wa Fora kwa Botswana, Geneviève Iancu.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFLory2014|Lory 2014]], p.&nbsp;xvi.</ref>O ne a tlotliwa ka Kabo ya Phitlhelelo ya Lefatshe Lotlhe ya Setheo sa Kabo ya Botswerere ya Botlhabagare sa Dubai ka ntlha ya tiro ya gagwe ya kagiso le maiteko a tlhabololo ya batho ka 11 Ngwanaitseele 2012.<ref>[[:en:Unity_Dow#CITEREFSunday_Standard2012b|''Sunday Standard'' 2012b.]]</ref> == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} [[Karolo:Ditsalo tsa 1959]] [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] [[Karolo:Baatlhodi ba Botswana]] [[Karolo:Molwela-ditshwanelo tsa bomme wa Botswana]] == Botshelo jwa pele le thuto == Mme Unity Diswai o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa 1959, kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boraro, kwa [[Mochudi]] mo [[Kgaolo ya Kgatleng|Kgaolong ya Kgatleng]] mo [[Botswana]] (yo ka nako e o a neng a bidiwa [[Bechuanaland]] ), <ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref> ke ngwana wa batsadi ba gagwe e bong rre Phiri le mme Maefshane Diswai (ba gape ba itsegeng ka maina a Moses le Ellen Diswai), bobedi jo bo tsalatswe mo morafeng wa [[Basarwa]] fa godimo ga moo ke maloko a morafe wa BaKgatla.<ref name=":0" /> <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref> Motse wa selegae o a goletseng mo go one o ne o sena ditsela tsa sekonotiri, motlakase le fa e le metsi a a elelang. Go ne go sena megala ya letheka mme o ne a ise a bone setsidifatsi ka matlho go fitlha a nna mo dingwageng tsa bolesome, le fa e le setshwantsho sa motshikhinyego go fitlha a nna dingwaga di le masome a mabedi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=48}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ellis|2012}}</ref></ref> . Mmaagwe e ne e le moroki, yo o neng a kgona go bala le go kwala ka [[Setswana]], mme a sa kgone go bala le go kwala ka Sekgoa.<ref><ref name=":1" /></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=49}}</ref></ref>. Rraagwe yo o neng a berekela mo polasing e nnye, o ne a bua ebile a kgona go bala Sekgoa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=49}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=49}}</ref></ref>E ne ya re fa rraagwe a tsena sekolo, o ne a ikgapela thuso ya madi a go tsena kwa [[:en:University_of_Fort_Hare|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Fort Hare]], mme thuso e o e ne ya fiwa morwa wa kgosi boemong jwa gagwe. Batsadi ba gagwe ka bobedi jwa bone ba ne ba dumela gore thuto ke selo sa botlhokwa mme bana ba bone ba le barataro mo go ba le supa ba ne ba wetsa dithuto tsa bone tsa ithutelo tiro.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=49}}</ref></ref> Dithuto tsa bone [[:en:Western_culture|tsa kwa Bophirima]] di ne di sa tlwaelesega mo magaeng a Botswana ka nako eo.<ref name=":1">{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref> Mme Diswai o weditse dithuto tsa gagwe tse dipotlana le tse dikgolwane kwa Mochudi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Morago ga sekolo se segolwane, o ne a ithutela molao kwa [[:en:University_of_Botswana_and_Swaziland|sekolong se segolwane sa ithutelo tiro sa Botswana le Swaziland]] . <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ellis|2012}}</ref></ref>. Ka go ne go sena sekolo sa molao mo Botswana ka nako eo, o ne a tsena yunibesithi kwa [[Eswatini|Swaziland]] ka fa tlase ga thulaganyo ya thuso ya Boritheini mme a wetsa dingwaga di le pedi tsa dithuto kwa Scotland, kwa [[:en:University_of_Edinburgh|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Edinburgh]], pele ga a bona setlankana sa gagwe [[:en:Bachelor_of_Laws|sa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao]] ka ngwaga wa 1983 kwa sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Botswana le Swaziland.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2012 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref> <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=49–50}}</ref></ref>. == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> Go fitlhelela seo, mme Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho [[LEGABIBO|wa LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo tshekong ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya setshaba. Mokgatlho o ne o gannwe go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le ga mmogo le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Merero ya Badiri le tsa Selegae, ka mabaka a gore go ratana ga bong go ne go se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho yo go ne go le kgatlhanong le tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore tsheko e, e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa tlhakanelodikobo, mme e ne e le ka ga gore a maloko a ka kgona go kokoanya le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014a}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotlatshekelokgolo o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha seo le go se letla go kopana go ne go gataka Molaomotheo, karolo ya boraro, ya lesome le bobedi, le ya lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, go kopana le go kopana ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014b}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> Go fitlhelela seo, mme Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho [[LEGABIBO|wa LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo tshekong ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya setshaba. Mokgatlho o ne o gannwe go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le ga mmogo le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Merero ya Badiri le tsa Selegae, ka mabaka a gore go ratana ga bong go ne go se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho yo go ne go le kgatlhanong le tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore tsheko e, e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa tlhakanelodikobo, mme e ne e le ka ga gore a maloko a ka kgona go kokoanya le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014a}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotlatshekelokgolo o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha seo le go se letla go kopana go ne go gataka Molaomotheo, karolo ya boraro, ya lesome le bobedi, le ya lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, go kopana le go kopana ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014b}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_and_Macsuzy_Mondon,_September_2015.jpg|alt=Photograph of two seated women, attended by two witnesses standing beside them, signing documents on a table.|thumb| Ditona mme Dow le mme Macsuzy Mondon (Seychelles) ba baya monwana mo mokwalong wa Kutlwano wa lenaneo la kananyo ya barutabana, 2015]] == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> Go fitlhelela seo, mme Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho [[LEGABIBO|wa LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo tshekong ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya setshaba. Mokgatlho o ne o gannwe go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le ga mmogo le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Merero ya Badiri le tsa Selegae, ka mabaka a gore go ratana ga bong go ne go se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho yo go ne go le kgatlhanong le tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore tsheko e, e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa tlhakanelodikobo, mme e ne e le ka ga gore a maloko a ka kgona go kokoanya le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014a}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotlatshekelokgolo o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha seo le go se letla go kopana go ne go gataka Molaomotheo, karolo ya boraro, ya lesome le bobedi, le ya lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, go kopana le go kopana ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014b}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_and_Macsuzy_Mondon,_September_2015.jpg|alt=Photograph of two seated women, attended by two witnesses standing beside them, signing documents on a table.|thumb| Ditona mme Dow le mme Macsuzy Mondon (Seychelles) ba baya monwana mo mokwalong wa Kutlwano wa lenaneo la kananyo ya barutabana, 2015]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 2012, Dow o ne a tlhomiwa ke [[:en:United_Nations_Human_Rights_Council|Lekgotla la Ditshwanelo tsa Batho la Ditšhabakopano]] jaaka mongwe wa baitseanape ba le bararo ba ba ikemetseng go dira thomo ya go batlisisa dintlha ka ga ka moo mafelo a bodulo a Iseraele a West Bank a amang Bapalesetina ka teng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a tsena mo dipolotiking mme a tsenela lekoko la [[Phathi ya Tomokoraga|Botswana Democratic Party]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Sunday Standard|2012a}}</ref></ref> O ne a tsenela [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2014 (Botswana)|ditlhophokakaretso tsa 2014]] tsa Kgaolo ya Mochudi Bophirima, mme a seke a kgone go fenya setilo mo lekgotleng la [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Kokoano ya matona a puso]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Basimanebotlhe|2014}}</ref></ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2014, Dow o ne a tlhophiwa, mmogo le bontlhopheng ba bangwe ba le barataro, ke Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] wa Botswana jaaka leloko le le tlhophilweng ka tsela e e kgethegileng la palamente. Mmogo le [[Kenneth Matambo]], [[Kitso Mokaila]], le Eric Molale, o ne a fenya ditlhopho mme a tlhomiwa go nna Mothusa Tona wa Thuto mo pusong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Motsamai|2014}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mosikare|2014}}</ref></ref>. Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2015, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Bokgoni ke rre Khama, a tlhatlhama rre [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]], yo e neng e le mothusa-tautona wa lefatshe la Botswana ka nako e o.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Piet|2015}}</ref></ref> Ka nako ya fa a le mo Lephateng, Dow o ne a tlhoma lenaneo la go katisa barutabana go tswa kwa [[:en:Seychelles|Seychelles]] mo Botswana le go romela barutabana ba Batswana go ya go thusa Seychelles ka tlhaelo ya barutabana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bonnelame|2015}}</ref></ref> O ne a direla mo maemong a go fitlhelela ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ngwaga wa 2016, mo tlhakatlhakanong ya kabinete, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mmegi|2016b}}</ref></ref> == Molao le go lwela kgololesego == === Tshimologo ya tiro (1983–1991) === [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|thumb|Unity Dow]] Mme Diswai o ne a nna le bokgoni jo bo rurifaditsweng jwa go nna mmueledi ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme a simolola go berekelwa kwa ofising ya Mmueledi-mogolo ya Botswana ele mosekisi wa borukutlhi kwa toropokgolo [[Gaborone]]. O ne a nyalwa ke moagedi wa lefatshe la United States, rre Peter Nathan Dow, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1984. Banyalani ba, ba ne ba aga ntlo ya bone kwa Mochudi, le bana ba bone ba bararo.<ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> E ne yare ka ngwaga wa 1986, mme Dow o ne a tsena mo tirong ya gagwe ya molao yo o itebagantseng le tsa borukutlhi, a bula kgwebo ya gagwe ya tsa molao e e bidiwang 'Dow Malakaila', e ne e le kgwebo ya ntlha ya molao e e thapileng basadi fela mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna mongwe wa maloko a a simolotseng setlhopha sa ntlha sa basadi mo Botswana, se se itsegeng ka leina la [[Emang Basadi]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1988, leina la kgwebo e, le ne la fetolwa go bidiwa 'Dow Lesetedi and Company'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga mokgatlho wa 'Women and Law in Southern Africa (WLSA)' go buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana ka dipuisano tsa semolao.<ref name=":0" />[Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1988 go ya kwa go wa 1991, Dow o ne a dira dipatlisiso tsa mokgatlho wa WLSA, mme o ne a thusa go wetsa patlisiso ya kgaolo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa batho ba bomme mo mafatsheng a marataro a mabapi.<ref name=":1" /><ref><ref>{{cite news|title=|work=Sunday Standard|date=2007|url=|access-date=}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a thusa go tlhoma mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' go rotloetsa thuto mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1990, mme Dow o ne a tsenya ngongora kwa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]] go gwetlha [[Molao wa setshaba wa Batswana|Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" />Ka fa tlase ga Molao wa Boagedi wa ngwaga wa 1984, ke bana fela ba ba neng ba tsetswe kwa ntle ga lenyalo la semmuso ba ba neng ba ka bona boagedi jwa go nna 'Batswana' ka mme wa bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1992|p=196}}</ref></ref>E re ka bana ba babedi mo go ba bararo ba a neng a na le bone le rre Peter ba ne ba tsholwa morago ga lenyalo la bone, ba ne ba sa lemogiwe jaaka Batswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref> E re ka a ne a tshaba gore go ne go ka direga gore fa tetla ya ga rre Peter ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana e ne e fela ka ngwaga wa 1992, lelwapa la gagwe le ne le ka nna la pateletswa go fuduga kgotsa go kgaogana, Dow o ne a simolola ngongora ya [[Mmueledi Mogolo wa Botswana kgatlhanong le Unity Dow|Unity Dow v Attorney-General]], a supa gore Molao wa Boagedi o ne o tlhaola e bile o thulana le tshwanelo ya gagwe ya go tila go nyenyefatswa le ya kotlhao e e setlhogo. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya dumalana le mme Dow gore molao o ne o ama kgololosego ya gagwe ya go itlhophela gore o tshwanetse go nyala mang, o ne o ka mo pateletsa go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe fa e le gore tetla ya go nna mo lefatsheng la Botswana ya monna wa gagwe le bana e ne e sa ntšhafadiwe, mme seo e ne e le tlhaolele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Coldham|1992|pp=91–92}}</ref></ref> === Legare la tiro (1991–2009) === Mme Dow o ne a tsere khefu mo tirong ya gagwe ya tsa molao dingwaga di le pedi ka ngwaga wa 1991 ka ntlha ya tsheko ya gagwe mme ka nako eo, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tlhomiweng ga sekolo se se potlana sa Baobab kwa toropokgolo Gaborone ga mmogo le AIDS Action Trust.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref>O ne a direla e le motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa WLSA go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1992 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1994,<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> fa a santse a emetse boikuelo jwa tsheko ya gagwe. Ka nako ya boikuelo jwa tsheko ya ''Attorney General v Unity Dow'', puso e ne ya bolela gore tlhaolele kgatlhanong le basadi e ne e sireleditswe ke ditlamelo tsa molaomotheo go boloka dintlha tsa setso sa Botswana, Botswana yo e neng e le [[:en:Patrilineal|setšhaba se se eteledisitseng pele seabe sa borre]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=294}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=190–191}}</ref></ref>Mmueledi-mogolo o ne ganetsana le gore mme Dow o ne a na le [[:en:Standing_(law)|boemo]] bope, a supa fa mme Dow ka boene a sa gobala ka tsela epe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=190}}</ref></ref>[[:en:Appellate_court|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo]], e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Moatlhodi rre [[:en:Austin_Amissah|Austin Amissah]], e ne ya wetsa ka gore tlhaolele ya bong e ne e thula-thulana le Molaomotheo le gore ngwao ya setso e ne e ka se kgone go lwantsha dithulaganyo tsa molaomotheo tsa tshireletso e e lekanang ka fa tlase ga molao, kgotsa ditlamego tse lefatshe la Botswana le neng le na le tsone ka fa tlase ga ditumalano tsa boditšhabatšhaba tse e neng e le leloko ebile le beile monwana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Beyani|1994|p=295}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=196}}</ref></ref>]Mo kgannyeng ya maemo a gagwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fitlhelela gore o ne a tshwanetse go supa fela gore go ne go na le kgonagalo ya gore o ne o ka gobadiwa ke molao, e seng gore o ne o setse o mo gobaditse, fa godimo ga moo go kgaoganngwa le lelwapa la gagwe e ne e tlaabo e le tiro ya nyenyefatso e bile e se setho.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|pp=200–201}}</ref></ref>Mo tshwetsong ya bontsi jwa batho ba le bararo go ya go ba le babedi, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya tlhomamisa tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka diphetogo tse e seng tsa sepe, e bolela gore dikarolo tsa bone le tsa botlhano tsa Molao wa Boagedi di ne di sa dumalane le molaomotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Quansah|1993|p=189}}</ref></ref> Ka ntlha ya tshwetso e e tlhomilweng, ka ngwaga wa 1995, Molao wa Boagedi o ne wa fetolwa go ntsha kgokgontsho ya go sa lekalekane ga bong mo go amogeleng boagedi mo lefatsheng la Botswana.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=50}}</ref></ref>Tshwetso e o e ne ya nna motheo wa ditlhopha tsa basadi go mo Aferika go gatelela gore melao ya ditšhaba tsa bone e fetolwe le go fedisa go sa tsewe ka go lekalekana ga bong, mo go neng ga felela go dirile gore selekanyo se se ka tshwarang halofo ya mafatshe a Aferika a fetole molao wa mafatshe a bone yo o itebagantseng le bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Pailey|2020|p=1839}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Manby|2010|p=48}}</ref></ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1994 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1998, mme Dow o ne a direla ele motsamaisi wa mokgatlho wa 'Metlhaetsile Women's Information Centre' mme ka nako e o o ne a gatisa tsheko ya gagwe ya 'Boagedi' ka ngwaga wa 1995, a tlhalosa ka botlalo ditsamaiso tsa semolao tsa tsheko ya gagwe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of Edinburgh}}</ref></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1996, o ne a nna le seabe mo tshekong e e neng e akaretsa go tlhokomelo ya bana e e neng ya felela ka go fetolwa ga melao, mme ka ngwaga wa 1997 o ne a tlhagisa tsheko ya boemo jwa botsogo jwa basadi ba ba iteilweng, a tsaya seo e le mathata a magolo mo basading.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>Mo ngwageng yo o, mme Dow o ne a tlhomiwa go nna moatlhodi wa [[Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko ya Botswana|Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Botswana]], mme a simolola go direla kgotlatshekelo e ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":0" /><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref>Go tlhomiwa ga gagwe e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha mosadi a tlhomiwa go direla jaaka moatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelokgolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lederer|Macharia-Mokobi|2012|p=248}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, mme Dow o ne a nna le seabe mo karolong ya thomo [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|ya Ditšhabakopano]] ya go sekaseka kopo ya selegae kwa lefatsheng la [[Sierra Leone]] ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa basadi tsa boditšhabatšhaba le mme wa letso la Ghana, [[Charlotte Abaka]], modulasetulo wa pele wa [[:en:Committee_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_against_Women|Komiti ya go Fedisa Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi]];<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> wa leina la [[:en:Feride_Acar|Feride Acar]], modulasetulo yo o simolotseng thulaganyo ya dithuto tsa bong le basadi mo [[:en:Middle_East_Technical_University|sekolong sa ithutelo tiro sa Middle East Technical,]] kwa [[:en:Ankara|Ankara,]] kwa lefatsheng la Turkey ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bianet|2019}}</ref></ref>mme [[:en:Dorcas_Coker-Appiah|Dorcas Coker-Appiah]], mmueledi wa letso la Ghana le motlhami-mmogo wa sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Bong le Ditokomane tsa Ditshwanelo tsa Batho kwa [[:en:Accra|Accra]] ;<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bowman|2019|p=4}}</ref></ref> ga mmogo le, [[Tiyanjana Maluwa]] wa lefatshe la Aferika-borwa, morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|sekolong sa ithutelo-tiro sa Pennsylvania]] .<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Division for the Advancement of Women|2004|p=8}}</ref></ref> Mme Dow o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokomišenara wa [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi]] ka ngwaga wa 2004 mme a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a o ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la khuduthamaga la komiti ya Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi e e neng e na le bakomišenara ba le barataro ba ba neng ba boelela maemo le maloko a maša a le mararo, go akaretsa le ene, [[:en:Vojin_Dimitrijević|Vojin Dimitrijević]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Serbia|Serbia]] le [[:en:Raji_Sourani|Raji Sourani]] wa lefatshe la [[:en:Palestine|Palesetina]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Palestinian Centre for Human Rights|2006}}</ref></ref> Dow e ne e le moatlhodi yo o okametseng, ga mmogo le [[Maruping Dibotelo]] le [[:en:Mphaphi_Phumaphi|Mphaphi Phumaphi]], mo tshekong ya ga ''[[:en:Roy_Sesana_and_Others_v._the_Government_of_Botswana|Roy Sesana le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Puso ya Botswana]]'' e e neng ya tlisiwa fa pele ga Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo ka ngwaga wa 2002 ke morafe wa Basarwa <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref>(ba ka dinako tse dingwe ba neng ba bidiwa banni ba dikgwa tsa [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|Kalahari]] <ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref>tsheko e o e ne e le mabapi le go ntshiwa ga bone kwa lefelong jwa badimo ba bone [[Lefelo la diphologolo la Central Kalahari|la Diphologolo la Kalahari]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> [[Roy Sesana|Sesana]] le [[Keiwa Setlhobogwa]] ba ne ba tlisa tsheko e o mo boemong jwa batho ba bangwe ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le bongwe ba ba neng ba tsenela tsheko fa Puso ya Botswana e ne e kgaotse metsi mo lefelong le, e gana go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botsogo le dipalamo tsa bana ba sekolo, e emisitse go abela masiela le bahumanegi dijo, ebile e leka go ntsha batho ba letso la Basarwa ka dikgoka mo lefelong leo. Ba ne ba baakanya tsheko ya bone gore e akaretse go gana ga Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le Diphaka tsa setšhaba go ba letla go tsena mo lefelong le kwa ntle ga tetlelelo kgotsa go ba naya dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa diphologolo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=103–104, 107}}</ref></ref> [Morago ga theetso ya dingwaga di le nne, ka ngwaga wa 2006, Dow o ne a wetsa ka gore go kgaotsa ditirelo le go patelediwa go fuduga ga Basarwa ke tsela nngwe ya go gataka tshwanelo ya bone ya botshelo e e sireleditsweng ke molaotheo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=108–109}}</ref></ref>. O ne a laela gore ditirelo di busediwe le gore ba ba fudusitsweng mme ba sena keletso ya go boa ba duelelwe ditshenyegelo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=109}}</ref></ref>[Mo kgannyeng ya dilaesense tsa diphologolo, baatlhodi botlhe ka boraro jwa bone ba ne ba dumalana gore ba ne ba thibetswe e se ka fa molaong, o kare Lephata la Diphologolo tsa Naga le ne le sa tlamega go ntsha ditetlelelo, ka tlwaelo ba ne ba dira jalo; go di thibela le go emisa dithuso tsa dijo ka nako e le nngwe, go ne ga ama bokgoni jwa morafe ya Basarwa jwa go itshetsa.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|pp=115–117}}</ref></ref> Mo kgannyeng ya ditetla tsa go tsena mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, Dow o ne a fitlhela gore di kgoreletsa batho ba Basarwa go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go tsamaya ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=120}}</ref></ref> Tsheko e, go ya ka morutabana wa dithuto tse digolwane tsa molao Clement Ng’ong’ola e ne e le tshwetso ya ntlha mo Botswana ya go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ntlha mo lefatsheng la Botswana ga mmogo le mafelo a badimo ba bone.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ng'ong'ola|2007|p=121}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Dow o ne a dira ele leloko la thomo e e kgethegileng ya [[International Legal Assistance Consortium]] go sekaseka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi ya lefatshe la Rwanda le go sekaseka ka fa lefatshe leo le ka rarabololang dikgotlhang tsa lone tse di fetileng le go tsosolosa tsamaiso ya lone ya bosiamisi go netefatsa gore basekisiwa mo ditshekong tsa tsheko [[Kganyaolo ya kwa Rwanda|ya polao ya semorafe ya 1994]] ba amogela katlholo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ahlund|2007|p=5}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref>. Nngwe ya ditsheko tsa bofelo tse a neng a di okametse e ne e le ya mabapi le go okediwa ga lekgetho la puso la nnotagi. Mme Dow o ne a diegisa go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga koketsego ya diperesente di le masome a mararo mme tsheko e o e ne ya felelela e emisitswe.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Segwai|2008}}</ref></ref> O ne a ithola marapo a tiro ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2009 go ya go tlhatlhelela kwa [[:en:Washington_and_Lee_University_School_of_Law|Sekolong sa ithutelo Molao sa Washington and Lee]] kwa [[:en:Lexington,_Virginia|Lexington, Virginia]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Cincinnati|Yunibesithing ya Cincinnati]] kwa Ohio, pele ga a nna morutabana wa dithuto tsa molao yo o etileng kwa [[:en:Columbia_Law_School|Sekolong sa Molao sa Columbia]] kwa New York City.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=Columbia Law School}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2009 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=University of South Australia}}</ref></ref> === Tiro ya moragonyana (2010 go fitlhelela gompieno) === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya semolao ya Dow & Associates mme ka yone kgwedi e o o ne a ikanisiwa ke [[:en:President_of_Kenya|tautona wa Kenya]] jaaka mongwe wa baatlhodi mo Kgotlatshekelong e e Ikemetseng ya Nakwana ya Tharabololo ya Dikgotlhang tsa Molaomotheo go thusa go tsenya tirisong [[:en:Constitution_of_Kenya|Molaomotheo]] o moša wa lefatshe la Kenya.<ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title= |url= |access-date= |website=NSW Bar Association}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref> . Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa Komitikhuduthamaga ya Mokhomišenara wa Khomišene ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Babueledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Crowe|2011}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o Dow o ne a simolola go bereka le [[Ricki Kgositau]] le molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe wa popego ya [[:en:Transgender|batho ba ba fetogileng bong]] mabapi le go palelwa ga bone ke go bona dikarata tsa boitshupo tse di nang le bong jwa bone jo bo tshwanetseng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=247–248}}</ref></ref> Ka nako eo mo lefatsheng la Botswana go ne go sena tsela ya semolao ya gore batho ba ba fetogileng bong ba fetole ditshwao tsa bone tsa bong mo dipampiring tsa semmuso. Fa balweladitshwanelo ba ya kwa ofising ya 'Civil and National Registration' go fetola dipampiri tsa bone, ba ne ba gakololwa go ya go kopa taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|pp=244, 248}}</ref></ref> Ba ne ba kwadisa mme Dow gore a ba thuse, mme e ne ya re go ba arabeng a ikgolaganya le [[:en:Southern_African_Litigation_Centre|Lefelo la Ditsheko la Afrika Borwa]] go thusa ka thuso ya semolao le go ba ema nokeng ka tsa madi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref>Go netefatsa gore kgang e tla fiwa theetso e e siameng, le go fedisa kgonagalo ya go latlhegelwa ke tsheko, go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya go tlhoma sekao sa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT mo tshekong e e nang le kotsi e nnye ya go gobala le go diegisa ditsheko tsa tshupo ya bong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Camminga|2020|p=248}}</ref></ref> Go fitlhelela seo, mme Dow o ne a emela mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa batho [[LEGABIBO|wa LEGABIBO]] (Lesbians, Gays & Bisexuals of Botswana) mo tshekong ya bone go kwadisa mokgatlho wa bone kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya setshaba. Mokgatlho o ne o gannwe go kwadisiwa ke mokaedi wa lephata le ga mmogo le [[Edwin Batshu]], Tona ya Merero ya Badiri le tsa Selegae, ka mabaka a gore go ratana ga bong go ne go se kafa molaong mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Dow o ne a bolela gore go gana go kwadisa mokgatlho yo go ne go le kgatlhanong le tshwanelo ya go kopana ka kgololesego mme a gakolola gore tsheko e, e ne e se ka ga tshwanelo ya go dira ditiro tsa tlhakanelodikobo, mme e ne e le ka ga gore a maloko a ka kgona go kokoanya le go abelana tshedimosetso ya bone mmogo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014a}}</ref></ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Moatlhodi Terrence Rannowane wa Kgotlatshekelokgolo o ne a atlhola gore go gana go kwadisa setlhopha seo le go se letla go kopana go ne go gataka Molaomotheo, karolo ya boraro, ya lesome le bobedi, le ya lesome le boraro, tse di nayang tshwanelo ya go bua ka kgololesego, go kopana le go kopana ka kgololesego.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mokwape|2014b}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_and_Macsuzy_Mondon,_September_2015.jpg|alt=Photograph of two seated women, attended by two witnesses standing beside them, signing documents on a table.|thumb| Ditona mme Dow le mme Macsuzy Mondon (Seychelles) ba baya monwana mo mokwalong wa Kutlwano wa lenaneo la kananyo ya barutabana, 2015]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 2012, Dow o ne a tlhomiwa ke [[:en:United_Nations_Human_Rights_Council|Lekgotla la Ditshwanelo tsa Batho la Ditšhabakopano]] jaaka mongwe wa baitseanape ba le bararo ba ba ikemetseng go dira thomo ya go batlisisa dintlha ka ga ka moo mafelo a bodulo a Iseraele a West Bank a amang Bapalesetina ka teng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lazaroff|2012}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a tsena mo dipolotiking mme a tsenela lekoko la [[Phathi ya Tomokoraga|Botswana Democratic Party]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Sunday Standard|2012a}}</ref></ref> O ne a tsenela [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2014 (Botswana)|ditlhophokakaretso tsa 2014]] tsa Kgaolo ya Mochudi Bophirima, mme a seke a kgone go fenya setilo mo lekgotleng la [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Kokoano ya matona a puso]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Basimanebotlhe|2014}}</ref></ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2014, Dow o ne a tlhophiwa, mmogo le bontlhopheng ba bangwe ba le barataro, ke Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] wa Botswana jaaka leloko le le tlhophilweng ka tsela e e kgethegileng la palamente. Mmogo le [[Kenneth Matambo]], [[Kitso Mokaila]], le Eric Molale, o ne a fenya ditlhopho mme a tlhomiwa go nna Mothusa Tona wa Thuto mo pusong.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Motsamai|2014}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mosikare|2014}}</ref></ref>. Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2015, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Bokgoni ke rre Khama, a tlhatlhama rre [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]], yo e neng e le mothusa-tautona wa lefatshe la Botswana ka nako e o.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Piet|2015}}</ref></ref> Ka nako ya fa a le mo Lephateng, Dow o ne a tlhoma lenaneo la go katisa barutabana go tswa kwa [[:en:Seychelles|Seychelles]] mo Botswana le go romela barutabana ba Batswana go ya go thusa Seychelles ka tlhaelo ya barutabana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bonnelame|2015}}</ref></ref> O ne a direla mo maemong a go fitlhelela ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ngwaga wa 2016, mo tlhakatlhakanong ya kabinete, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mmegi|2016b}}</ref></ref> Morago ga gore rre Khama a tlogele maemo a botautona ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2018, Dow o ne a tlhatlosiwa ke tautona rre Masisi yo o neng a sa tswa go nna tautona go tswa kwa maemong a go nna tona ya Thuto go ya kwa maemong a go nna Tona ya lephata la dikago le tlhabololo ya matlo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mwakideu|2018}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gabathuse|2018}}</ref></ref>Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2018, mo go fetolweng ga Kabinete, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna [[:en:Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_International_Cooperation_(Botswana)|Tona ya Merero ya Boditšhabatšhaba le Tirisanommogo]], a fetola setilo sa gagwe sa dikago le tlhabololo ya matlo le rre Vincent Tina Seretse, yo o neng a tshwere Merero ya boditšhabatšhara pele.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Morupisi|2018}}</ref></ref>Rre Masisi o ne a fenya maemo a botautona mo [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2019 (Botswana)|Ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa 2019]] mme a tlhomamisa mme Dow gape jaaka Tona ya Merero ya Boditšhabatšhaba le Tirisanommogo ya palamente ya lesome le bobedi ya lefatshe la Botswana..<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Mmegi|2019}}</ref></ref>Mme Dow le bomorwadie Cheshe le Natasha, ba ne ba bula Dow Academy kwa Mochudi, mo kgaolong ya Kgatleng ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka ngwaga wa 2020. Sekolo se sa kgwebo se na le dithuto tse dipotlana le tse dikgolwane.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Luebering|2020}}</ref></ref>Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2020, Dow o ne a tlogela bodiredi jwa gagwe mme a tseelwa sebaka ke Lemogang Kwape mo pusong e ntšha.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Motlhoka|2020}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gabathuse|2020}}</ref></ref>Dow o ne a bua jaana ka go tsaya kgato e, "Jaaka tona o bua thata ka bodiredi jwa gago. Mme setilo se se kwa morago se go naya kgololesego ya go botsolotsa dikgang tse di farologaneng tse di amang setšhaba. Thibelo e le nngwe fela ke boemo jwa me jwa lekoko mo kgannyeng e e rileng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Motlhoka|2020}}</ref></ref> == Dikwalo == Ka ngwaga wa 2000, fa Dow a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dipolelo, go ne go na le bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba tlhagisitse dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela mafatshe a a kwa ntle ga Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref>Lengwe la mabaka a seo e ne e le kganetso e e feteletseng ya boeteledipele jwa lefatshe la Botswana gore batho-basweu ba kwa ga Mmamosadinyana ba kopanye lefatshe la bone le [[Aforika Borwa|Aferikaborwa]], se se neng sa dira gore go nne le kganetso ya go itshireletsa kgatlhanong le tumelo ya [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|kopano ya mafatshe a Aferika]] go ne ga boa gape ga nna le go tlhoka peeletso mo dikgwebong tsa koketso-madi a setšhaba le mo tlhabololong ya thuto. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=34, 36}}</ref></ref> Mefuta ya dibuka tsa gagwe ka bobedi ba tsone go akaretsa tse e seng tsa dipolelo le tsa dipolelo di kopanya dintlhana tsa dikgang tse di amanang le setšhaba ga mmogo le tsa semolao e bile di supa ditlamorago tsa tsone mo go tsa bong le tsa ga mmogo le kabisano ya dithata.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=35}}</ref></ref> . Dibuka dingwe le dingwe tsa ga Dow di sekaseka mekgwa ya setšhaba e e bakang go sa lekalekane ga dikamano tsa dithata le go tlhotlheletsa [[:en:Domestic_violence|tiriso-dikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi]], [[:en:Child_sexual_abuse|tirisobotlhaswa ya bana,]] [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Africa#Southern_Africa|mathata a segajaja sa AIDS]], le [[:en:Gender_inequality|go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> Baanelwa mo dipolelong tsa gagwe ba dirisa mokgwa wa go akanya yo o tlwaelesegileng go ganetsa mekgwa ya ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ka fa ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa ngwao.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=153}}</ref></ref> == Dikwalo == Ka ngwaga wa 2000, fa Dow a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dipolelo, go ne go na le bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba tlhagisitse dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela mafatshe a a kwa ntle ga Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref>Lengwe la mabaka a seo e ne e le kganetso e e feteletseng ya boeteledipele jwa lefatshe la Botswana gore batho-basweu ba kwa ga Mmamosadinyana ba kopanye lefatshe la bone le [[Aforika Borwa|Aferikaborwa]], se se neng sa dira gore go nne le kganetso ya go itshireletsa kgatlhanong le tumelo ya [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|kopano ya mafatshe a Aferika]] go ne ga boa gape ga nna le go tlhoka peeletso mo dikgwebong tsa koketso-madi a setšhaba le mo tlhabololong ya thuto. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=34, 36}}</ref></ref> Mefuta ya dibuka tsa gagwe ka bobedi ba tsone go akaretsa tse e seng tsa dipolelo le tsa dipolelo di kopanya dintlhana tsa dikgang tse di amanang le setšhaba ga mmogo le tsa semolao e bile di supa ditlamorago tsa tsone mo go tsa bong le tsa ga mmogo le kabisano ya dithata.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=35}}</ref></ref> . Dibuka dingwe le dingwe tsa ga Dow di sekaseka mekgwa ya setšhaba e e bakang go sa lekalekane ga dikamano tsa dithata le go tlhotlheletsa [[:en:Domestic_violence|tiriso-dikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi]], [[:en:Child_sexual_abuse|tirisobotlhaswa ya bana,]] [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Africa#Southern_Africa|mathata a segajaja sa AIDS]], le [[:en:Gender_inequality|go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> Baanelwa mo dipolelong tsa gagwe ba dirisa mokgwa wa go akanya yo o tlwaelesegileng go ganetsa mekgwa ya ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ka fa ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa ngwao.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=153}}</ref></ref> Mo pading ya gagwe ya ntlha ya leina la '<nowiki/>''Far and Beyon′'' ya ngwaga wa 2000, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma mogopolo mo setlhogong se se botlhokwa sa leroborobo la bolwetsi jwa AIDS le ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka mo malwapeng, bogolo jang ka fa basadi ba ba tshelang mo setšhabeng se se dumelang mo ketelelongpele ke batho ba borre ba tshelang ka teng mo malwapeng a a se nang borre ka ntlha ya tshenyo e e bakileng mo magaeng a lefatshe la Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Leder Macharia|2012|p=249}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=40}}</ref></ref> E sekaseka melelwane e mekgwa ya setso, dingwao le metheo e e bayang mo basetsaneng ga mmogo le mo basading ka go dirisa dipopego tse di ikaegileng ka ketelelo pele ya banna.<ref name=":0" />Mo polelong e o, Mara, e bong mmè yo o sa itseng go bala le go kwala e bile a sa kgone go itshedisa, o setse a tsile a nyalwa ke monna a le mongwe a bo a tlhokafalelwa ke bana ba gagwe ba le babedi ka ntlha ya bolwetsi jwa AIDS, monna yo mongwe o ne a mo tlogela, mme monna wa gagwe wa boraro o ne a mo sotlaka.<ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0" />Mara o ne a amanya go swa ga bana ba gagwe le mmaba mongwe yo o fitlhegileng mme a batla dikarabo mo go bo [[:en:Divination|nkadilatlha]]. Le fa morwadie, wa leina la Mosadi, yo ka tlwaelo a itsegeng e le Mosa, le ngwana wa gagwe wa mosimane yo o setseng, e bong Stan, ba sa dumele gore a nkadilatlha o ka tlhalosa gore ke eng fa bokgaitsadie ba tlhokafetse, ba diragatsa fela dithomo tse ba di laetsweng. <ref name=":1" /> Fa Mosa a lemoga gore o mo mmeleng ebile o latlhilwe ke rraagwe ngwana, o tsaya tshwetso ya gore a senye mpa mo sephiring, go na le go imetsa mmaagwe yo o setseng a lebaganwe ke mathata.<ref name=":0" /> Mo maitekong a go fodisa lelwapa la gagwe, Mosa o sekaseka mekgwa ya tlwaelo e e kgaoganyang banna le basadi e bo e tsholeletsa megopolo ya borre kwa godimo, e ruta basadi go itlhokomolosa ditselana tse ba kgopisiwang ka tsone e bile ba sa tsewe sentle.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=41}}</ref></ref> Se e le tsela ya go fetlha boikanyo mo lelwapeng la gabone le mo setsong sa lefatshe la gabone, Mosa o ithuta go gana go amogela maitsholo a a sa lolamang mo tikologong ya gabone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref>Ka tsela e, mme Dow o ne a sekaseka ka moo go ineela ga setšhaba le go didimala ka diphoso mo setšhabeng go bakang tlhakatlhakano ya megopolo le go tiriso-botlhaswa ya batho ba ba se nang dithata ke ba ba nang le dithata go ba feta.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=38–40}}</ref></ref> == Dikwalo == Ka ngwaga wa 2000, fa Dow a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dipolelo, go ne go na le bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba tlhagisitse dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela mafatshe a a kwa ntle ga Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref>Lengwe la mabaka a seo e ne e le kganetso e e feteletseng ya boeteledipele jwa lefatshe la Botswana gore batho-basweu ba kwa ga Mmamosadinyana ba kopanye lefatshe la bone le [[Aforika Borwa|Aferikaborwa]], se se neng sa dira gore go nne le kganetso ya go itshireletsa kgatlhanong le tumelo ya [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|kopano ya mafatshe a Aferika]] go ne ga boa gape ga nna le go tlhoka peeletso mo dikgwebong tsa koketso-madi a setšhaba le mo tlhabololong ya thuto. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=34, 36}}</ref></ref> Mefuta ya dibuka tsa gagwe ka bobedi ba tsone go akaretsa tse e seng tsa dipolelo le tsa dipolelo di kopanya dintlhana tsa dikgang tse di amanang le setšhaba ga mmogo le tsa semolao e bile di supa ditlamorago tsa tsone mo go tsa bong le tsa ga mmogo le kabisano ya dithata.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref><ref name=":2"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=35}}</ref></ref> . Dibuka dingwe le dingwe tsa ga Dow di sekaseka mekgwa ya setšhaba e e bakang go sa lekalekane ga dikamano tsa dithata le go tlhotlheletsa [[:en:Domestic_violence|tiriso-dikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi]], [[:en:Child_sexual_abuse|tirisobotlhaswa ya bana,]] [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Africa#Southern_Africa|mathata a segajaja sa AIDS]], le [[:en:Gender_inequality|go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> Baanelwa mo dipolelong tsa gagwe ba dirisa mokgwa wa go akanya yo o tlwaelesegileng go ganetsa mekgwa ya ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ka fa ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa ngwao.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=153}}</ref></ref> Mo pading ya gagwe ya ntlha ya leina la '<nowiki/>''Far and Beyon′'' ya ngwaga wa 2000, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma mogopolo mo setlhogong se se botlhokwa sa leroborobo la bolwetsi jwa AIDS le ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka mo malwapeng, bogolo jang ka fa basadi ba ba tshelang mo setšhabeng se se dumelang mo ketelelongpele ke batho ba borre ba tshelang ka teng mo malwapeng a a se nang borre ka ntlha ya tshenyo e e bakileng mo magaeng a lefatshe la Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Leder Macharia|2012|p=249}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=40}}</ref></ref> E sekaseka melelwane e mekgwa ya setso, dingwao le metheo e e bayang mo basetsaneng ga mmogo le mo basading ka go dirisa dipopego tse di ikaegileng ka ketelelo pele ya banna.<ref name=":0" />Mo polelong e o, Mara, e bong mmè yo o sa itseng go bala le go kwala e bile a sa kgone go itshedisa, o setse a tsile a nyalwa ke monna a le mongwe a bo a tlhokafalelwa ke bana ba gagwe ba le babedi ka ntlha ya bolwetsi jwa AIDS, monna yo mongwe o ne a mo tlogela, mme monna wa gagwe wa boraro o ne a mo sotlaka.<ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0" />Mara o ne a amanya go swa ga bana ba gagwe le mmaba mongwe yo o fitlhegileng mme a batla dikarabo mo go bo [[:en:Divination|nkadilatlha]]. Le fa morwadie, wa leina la Mosadi, yo ka tlwaelo a itsegeng e le Mosa, le ngwana wa gagwe wa mosimane yo o setseng, e bong Stan, ba sa dumele gore a nkadilatlha o ka tlhalosa gore ke eng fa bokgaitsadie ba tlhokafetse, ba diragatsa fela dithomo tse ba di laetsweng. <ref name=":1" /> Fa Mosa a lemoga gore o mo mmeleng ebile o latlhilwe ke rraagwe ngwana, o tsaya tshwetso ya gore a senye mpa mo sephiring, go na le go imetsa mmaagwe yo o setseng a lebaganwe ke mathata.<ref name=":0" /> Mo maitekong a go fodisa lelwapa la gagwe, Mosa o sekaseka mekgwa ya tlwaelo e e kgaoganyang banna le basadi e bo e tsholeletsa megopolo ya borre kwa godimo, e ruta basadi go itlhokomolosa ditselana tse ba kgopisiwang ka tsone e bile ba sa tsewe sentle.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=41}}</ref></ref> Se e le tsela ya go fetlha boikanyo mo lelwapeng la gabone le mo setsong sa lefatshe la gabone, Mosa o ithuta go gana go amogela maitsholo a a sa lolamang mo tikologong ya gabone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref>Ka tsela e, mme Dow o ne a sekaseka ka moo go ineela ga setšhaba le go didimala ka diphoso mo setšhabeng go bakang tlhakatlhakano ya megopolo le go tiriso-botlhaswa ya batho ba ba se nang dithata ke ba ba nang le dithata go ba feta.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=38–40}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|alt=Photograph of asmiling African woman wearing a grey tweed jacket over a white v-necked blouse with a purple scarf and beaded necklace around her neck.|thumb| Mme Dow ka ngwaga wa 2011]] Melaetsa e e tshwanang e tsentswe mo pading ya bobedi ya ga Dow ya setlhogo sa '<nowiki/>''The Screaming of the Innocent'' ' ya ngwaga wa 2001, e le yone e sekasekang thatafatso ya basadi mo lefatsheng le le tletseng bonweenwee jwa mapodisi, dipolao tsa ditlhabelo tsa bongaka ba setso, diphiri mo metheong ya lefatshe ga mmogo le tidimalo ya setšhaba mo dikgannyeng tse.<ref name=":2" /> Fa a sekaseka mokgwa wa setso wa ''dipheko'', wa go bolaya motho go gopela dirwe tsa gagwe ka ntlha ya lesego le katlego e a nang le yone go ya ka tumelo ya maselamotse , Dow o supa ka fa bahumi le batho ba ba nang le dithata ba tshwarang baagedi ba metseselegae ba ba sa rutegang ka teng le ka fa ba rekang tidimalo ya ba ba mo maemong a molao ka teng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=40–41}}</ref></ref> Mo bukeng e, mosetsana mongwe o mmotlana o bolawa mo [[The bush|sekgweng]] gaufi le motse wa gaabo mme tshedimosetso ka ga tsheko e o e gateletswe ke mapodisi le banna ba ba nang le dithata tse di rileng ba lefelo la gabone. Go kgaoganngwa ga gagwe go fitlhegile mo pading jaaka sesupo sa go tlhoka go lemogiwa ga ditiro tse di ntseng jalo mo setšhabeng ka kakaretso.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref> Moanelwamogolo, e bong Amantle Bokaa, yo o wetsang [[:en:National_service|tirelo ya gagwe ya setshaba]], o ribolola diaparo tse di tletseng madi mo lebokosong la kokelwana e a abetsweng go berekela kwa go yone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=42–43}}</ref></ref>Diaparo tseo ke tsa motho yo o kileng a tlhaselwa pelenyana, mme fa di tlhagisiwa mo bathong ba motse di tsosa maitemogelo a gore ntlha e o ba ne ba e fitlhetswe. Ka go nne batho ba motse ba ne ba dumela gore Bokaa o ka seke a lebiwe ka tsela e e sa siamang e ba ba mo maemong a a rileng ba ba tshwarang ka yone, o tlhophiwa go bua le mapodisi mo boemong jwa batho ba motse.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=43}}</ref></ref>Ka lebaka la gore ke mosadi e bile ke ngwana, o ne a tlaa lebega a se na maatla, mme dithutego tsa gagwe, tse di neng tsa mo ruta bokgoni jwa go lebagana le baganetsi le go botsolosa ditumelo, di mo fa maatla le go itshepa go ka gwetlha molao wa tidimalo ga mmogo le dikgoreletsi tsa setshaba tse di emeng kgatlhanong le ene.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=43}}</ref></ref> <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=23}}</ref></ref>Tiro ya ga Dow ga e tlhome mogopolo fela mo dikamanong tsa dithata, mme e tlhoma mogopolo mo go tshoseng ga dipolao tsa dipheko le [[Femicide|dipolao tsa basadi]]. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=27}}</ref></ref>O tlhalosa sentle tumelo ya gagwe ya gore bomme e tlaa nna bone ba ba okameng diphetogo mo melaong ya go fedisa ditiro tse di ntseng jalo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=32}}</ref></ref> == Dikwalo == Ka ngwaga wa 2000, fa Dow a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dipolelo, go ne go na le bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba tlhagisitse dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela mafatshe a a kwa ntle ga Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref>Lengwe la mabaka a seo e ne e le kganetso e e feteletseng ya boeteledipele jwa lefatshe la Botswana gore batho-basweu ba kwa ga Mmamosadinyana ba kopanye lefatshe la bone le [[Aforika Borwa|Aferikaborwa]], se se neng sa dira gore go nne le kganetso ya go itshireletsa kgatlhanong le tumelo ya [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|kopano ya mafatshe a Aferika]] go ne ga boa gape ga nna le go tlhoka peeletso mo dikgwebong tsa koketso-madi a setšhaba le mo tlhabololong ya thuto. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=34, 36}}</ref></ref> Mefuta ya dibuka tsa gagwe ka bobedi ba tsone go akaretsa tse e seng tsa dipolelo le tsa dipolelo di kopanya dintlhana tsa dikgang tse di amanang le setšhaba ga mmogo le tsa semolao e bile di supa ditlamorago tsa tsone mo go tsa bong le tsa ga mmogo le kabisano ya dithata.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref><ref name=":2"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=35}}</ref></ref> . Dibuka dingwe le dingwe tsa ga Dow di sekaseka mekgwa ya setšhaba e e bakang go sa lekalekane ga dikamano tsa dithata le go tlhotlheletsa [[:en:Domestic_violence|tiriso-dikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi]], [[:en:Child_sexual_abuse|tirisobotlhaswa ya bana,]] [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Africa#Southern_Africa|mathata a segajaja sa AIDS]], le [[:en:Gender_inequality|go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> Baanelwa mo dipolelong tsa gagwe ba dirisa mokgwa wa go akanya yo o tlwaelesegileng go ganetsa mekgwa ya ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ka fa ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa ngwao.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=153}}</ref></ref> Mo pading ya gagwe ya ntlha ya leina la '<nowiki/>''Far and Beyon′'' ya ngwaga wa 2000, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma mogopolo mo setlhogong se se botlhokwa sa leroborobo la bolwetsi jwa AIDS le ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka mo malwapeng, bogolo jang ka fa basadi ba ba tshelang mo setšhabeng se se dumelang mo ketelelongpele ke batho ba borre ba tshelang ka teng mo malwapeng a a se nang borre ka ntlha ya tshenyo e e bakileng mo magaeng a lefatshe la Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Leder Macharia|2012|p=249}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=40}}</ref></ref> E sekaseka melelwane e mekgwa ya setso, dingwao le metheo e e bayang mo basetsaneng ga mmogo le mo basading ka go dirisa dipopego tse di ikaegileng ka ketelelo pele ya banna.<ref name=":0" />Mo polelong e o, Mara, e bong mmè yo o sa itseng go bala le go kwala e bile a sa kgone go itshedisa, o setse a tsile a nyalwa ke monna a le mongwe a bo a tlhokafalelwa ke bana ba gagwe ba le babedi ka ntlha ya bolwetsi jwa AIDS, monna yo mongwe o ne a mo tlogela, mme monna wa gagwe wa boraro o ne a mo sotlaka.<ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0" />Mara o ne a amanya go swa ga bana ba gagwe le mmaba mongwe yo o fitlhegileng mme a batla dikarabo mo go bo [[:en:Divination|nkadilatlha]]. Le fa morwadie, wa leina la Mosadi, yo ka tlwaelo a itsegeng e le Mosa, le ngwana wa gagwe wa mosimane yo o setseng, e bong Stan, ba sa dumele gore a nkadilatlha o ka tlhalosa gore ke eng fa bokgaitsadie ba tlhokafetse, ba diragatsa fela dithomo tse ba di laetsweng. <ref name=":1" /> Fa Mosa a lemoga gore o mo mmeleng ebile o latlhilwe ke rraagwe ngwana, o tsaya tshwetso ya gore a senye mpa mo sephiring, go na le go imetsa mmaagwe yo o setseng a lebaganwe ke mathata.<ref name=":0" /> Mo maitekong a go fodisa lelwapa la gagwe, Mosa o sekaseka mekgwa ya tlwaelo e e kgaoganyang banna le basadi e bo e tsholeletsa megopolo ya borre kwa godimo, e ruta basadi go itlhokomolosa ditselana tse ba kgopisiwang ka tsone e bile ba sa tsewe sentle.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=41}}</ref></ref> Se e le tsela ya go fetlha boikanyo mo lelwapeng la gabone le mo setsong sa lefatshe la gabone, Mosa o ithuta go gana go amogela maitsholo a a sa lolamang mo tikologong ya gabone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref>Ka tsela e, mme Dow o ne a sekaseka ka moo go ineela ga setšhaba le go didimala ka diphoso mo setšhabeng go bakang tlhakatlhakano ya megopolo le go tiriso-botlhaswa ya batho ba ba se nang dithata ke ba ba nang le dithata go ba feta.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=38–40}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|alt=Photograph of asmiling African woman wearing a grey tweed jacket over a white v-necked blouse with a purple scarf and beaded necklace around her neck.|thumb| Mme Dow ka ngwaga wa 2011]] Melaetsa e e tshwanang e tsentswe mo pading ya bobedi ya ga Dow ya setlhogo sa '<nowiki/>''The Screaming of the Innocent'' ' ya ngwaga wa 2001, e le yone e sekasekang thatafatso ya basadi mo lefatsheng le le tletseng bonweenwee jwa mapodisi, dipolao tsa ditlhabelo tsa bongaka ba setso, diphiri mo metheong ya lefatshe ga mmogo le tidimalo ya setšhaba mo dikgannyeng tse.<ref name=":2" /> Fa a sekaseka mokgwa wa setso wa ''dipheko'', wa go bolaya motho go gopela dirwe tsa gagwe ka ntlha ya lesego le katlego e a nang le yone go ya ka tumelo ya maselamotse , Dow o supa ka fa bahumi le batho ba ba nang le dithata ba tshwarang baagedi ba metseselegae ba ba sa rutegang ka teng le ka fa ba rekang tidimalo ya ba ba mo maemong a molao ka teng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=40–41}}</ref></ref> Mo bukeng e, mosetsana mongwe o mmotlana o bolawa mo [[The bush|sekgweng]] gaufi le motse wa gaabo mme tshedimosetso ka ga tsheko e o e gateletswe ke mapodisi le banna ba ba nang le dithata tse di rileng ba lefelo la gabone. Go kgaoganngwa ga gagwe go fitlhegile mo pading jaaka sesupo sa go tlhoka go lemogiwa ga ditiro tse di ntseng jalo mo setšhabeng ka kakaretso.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref> Moanelwamogolo, e bong Amantle Bokaa, yo o wetsang [[:en:National_service|tirelo ya gagwe ya setshaba]], o ribolola diaparo tse di tletseng madi mo lebokosong la kokelwana e a abetsweng go berekela kwa go yone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=42–43}}</ref></ref>Diaparo tseo ke tsa motho yo o kileng a tlhaselwa pelenyana, mme fa di tlhagisiwa mo bathong ba motse di tsosa maitemogelo a gore ntlha e o ba ne ba e fitlhetswe. Ka go nne batho ba motse ba ne ba dumela gore Bokaa o ka seke a lebiwe ka tsela e e sa siamang e ba ba mo maemong a a rileng ba ba tshwarang ka yone, o tlhophiwa go bua le mapodisi mo boemong jwa batho ba motse.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=43}}</ref></ref>Ka lebaka la gore ke mosadi e bile ke ngwana, o ne a tlaa lebega a se na maatla, mme dithutego tsa gagwe, tse di neng tsa mo ruta bokgoni jwa go lebagana le baganetsi le go botsolosa ditumelo, di mo fa maatla le go itshepa go ka gwetlha molao wa tidimalo ga mmogo le dikgoreletsi tsa setshaba tse di emeng kgatlhanong le ene.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=43}}</ref></ref> <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=23}}</ref></ref>Tiro ya ga Dow ga e tlhome mogopolo fela mo dikamanong tsa dithata, mme e tlhoma mogopolo mo go tshoseng ga dipolao tsa dipheko le [[Femicide|dipolao tsa basadi]]. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=27}}</ref></ref>O tlhalosa sentle tumelo ya gagwe ya gore bomme e tlaa nna bone ba ba okameng diphetogo mo melaong ya go fedisa ditiro tse di ntseng jalo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=32}}</ref></ref> ''Buka ya Far and Beyon′'' e ne ya gatisiwa la ntlha mo Botswana mme morago ga moo ya gatisiwa kwa Australia. ''Buka ya 'The Screaming of the Innocent' e'' ne ya gatisiwa la ntlha kwa Australia mme ga gatisiwa gape kwa Aferikaborwa ka ngwaga wa 2003. Padi ya gagwe ya boraro, ya setlhogo sa ''Juggling Truths'', e ne ya gatisiwa mo ngwageng yo o kwa Australia mme ya gololwa mo ngwageng o o latelang kwa Aferika Borwa. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=36}}</ref></ref> Dow o ne a sekaseka gape mekgwa ya setso le ditlwaelo tsa setshaba tse di sa lolamang a bo a tswa ka maano a go di lwantsha. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref> Le fa a ne a sekaseka setšhaba sa Aferika mo nakong e e fetileng le dikgang tse di bakilweng ke go ganetsana le ditiro tsa segompieno tsa letso la batho-basweu le setso sa selegae, tiro e, e itebagantse thata le go lekalekanya mekgwa e e siameng le e e sa siamang mo setsong sa selegae. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|pp=38–39}}</ref></ref> Ka go dirisa moanelwa, Monei, yo e leng mosetsana yo mmotlana yo o nnang mo motseng wa selegae, Dow o sekaseka dingwao tse di fetedisitsweng mo dikokomaneng le tiriso ya mainane jaaka tsela ya go tsenya dikaelo tsa maitsholo le jaaka taolo ya botho jwa bana. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|M'Raijii|2017|p=77}}</ref></ref>Buka e o e botsa dipotso ka dikgang go akaretsa ditumelo tsa gore go bolaya [[:en:Monitor_lizard|kgwathe]] go dira gore go nne le ditsuatsue tse di tlhorontshang, gore go nna tsala le motho yo o nang le [[:en:Albinism|boswafe]] go dira gore motho a se ka a nna lesego, kgotsa gore go nwa motlhapo wa poo go ka thusa motho go ithuta go letsa molodi. Gape e akaretsa dipolelo tsa setshedi se se tona se se kometsang bana ga mmogo le moruti yo o itseelang dikobo ka dikgoka mo basetsaneng ba botlana. Melaetsa e e mo polelong e, e golaganya ''Juggling Truths'' le dipadi tse pedi tsa ntlha tsa ga Dow mme e akantsha batho gore basetsana le basadi ba kgona go tlhabolola maatla a bone ka thuto e bile ba kgona go ikakanyetsa. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|M'Raijii|2017|p=77}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=45}}</ref></ref>. Dow o atamela tshekatsheko ya gagwe ya go raraana ga dipopego tsa setshaba a dirisa ditsereganyo tse di farologaneng, a lemoga gore ga go na ditharabololo tse di bonolo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=39}}</ref></ref> ''Buka ya Juggling Truths'' e ne e le motlhophiwa wa [[Percy FitzPatrick Award|Mokgele wa Percy FitzPatrick]] mo setlhopheng sa bagolo ba ba botlana ka ngwaga wa 2006.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=149}}</ref></ref> == Dikwalo == Ka ngwaga wa 2000, fa Dow a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dipolelo, go ne go na le bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba tlhagisitse dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela mafatshe a a kwa ntle ga Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref>Lengwe la mabaka a seo e ne e le kganetso e e feteletseng ya boeteledipele jwa lefatshe la Botswana gore batho-basweu ba kwa ga Mmamosadinyana ba kopanye lefatshe la bone le [[Aforika Borwa|Aferikaborwa]], se se neng sa dira gore go nne le kganetso ya go itshireletsa kgatlhanong le tumelo ya [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|kopano ya mafatshe a Aferika]] go ne ga boa gape ga nna le go tlhoka peeletso mo dikgwebong tsa koketso-madi a setšhaba le mo tlhabololong ya thuto. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=34, 36}}</ref></ref> Mefuta ya dibuka tsa gagwe ka bobedi ba tsone go akaretsa tse e seng tsa dipolelo le tsa dipolelo di kopanya dintlhana tsa dikgang tse di amanang le setšhaba ga mmogo le tsa semolao e bile di supa ditlamorago tsa tsone mo go tsa bong le tsa ga mmogo le kabisano ya dithata.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref><ref name=":2"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=35}}</ref></ref> . Dibuka dingwe le dingwe tsa ga Dow di sekaseka mekgwa ya setšhaba e e bakang go sa lekalekane ga dikamano tsa dithata le go tlhotlheletsa [[:en:Domestic_violence|tiriso-dikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi]], [[:en:Child_sexual_abuse|tirisobotlhaswa ya bana,]] [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Africa#Southern_Africa|mathata a segajaja sa AIDS]], le [[:en:Gender_inequality|go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> Baanelwa mo dipolelong tsa gagwe ba dirisa mokgwa wa go akanya yo o tlwaelesegileng go ganetsa mekgwa ya ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ka fa ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa ngwao.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=153}}</ref></ref> Mo pading ya gagwe ya ntlha ya leina la '<nowiki/>''Far and Beyon′'' ya ngwaga wa 2000, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma mogopolo mo setlhogong se se botlhokwa sa leroborobo la bolwetsi jwa AIDS le ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka mo malwapeng, bogolo jang ka fa basadi ba ba tshelang mo setšhabeng se se dumelang mo ketelelongpele ke batho ba borre ba tshelang ka teng mo malwapeng a a se nang borre ka ntlha ya tshenyo e e bakileng mo magaeng a lefatshe la Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Leder Macharia|2012|p=249}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=40}}</ref></ref> E sekaseka melelwane e mekgwa ya setso, dingwao le metheo e e bayang mo basetsaneng ga mmogo le mo basading ka go dirisa dipopego tse di ikaegileng ka ketelelo pele ya banna.<ref name=":0" />Mo polelong e o, Mara, e bong mmè yo o sa itseng go bala le go kwala e bile a sa kgone go itshedisa, o setse a tsile a nyalwa ke monna a le mongwe a bo a tlhokafalelwa ke bana ba gagwe ba le babedi ka ntlha ya bolwetsi jwa AIDS, monna yo mongwe o ne a mo tlogela, mme monna wa gagwe wa boraro o ne a mo sotlaka.<ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0" />Mara o ne a amanya go swa ga bana ba gagwe le mmaba mongwe yo o fitlhegileng mme a batla dikarabo mo go bo [[:en:Divination|nkadilatlha]]. Le fa morwadie, wa leina la Mosadi, yo ka tlwaelo a itsegeng e le Mosa, le ngwana wa gagwe wa mosimane yo o setseng, e bong Stan, ba sa dumele gore a nkadilatlha o ka tlhalosa gore ke eng fa bokgaitsadie ba tlhokafetse, ba diragatsa fela dithomo tse ba di laetsweng. <ref name=":1" /> Fa Mosa a lemoga gore o mo mmeleng ebile o latlhilwe ke rraagwe ngwana, o tsaya tshwetso ya gore a senye mpa mo sephiring, go na le go imetsa mmaagwe yo o setseng a lebaganwe ke mathata.<ref name=":0" /> Mo maitekong a go fodisa lelwapa la gagwe, Mosa o sekaseka mekgwa ya tlwaelo e e kgaoganyang banna le basadi e bo e tsholeletsa megopolo ya borre kwa godimo, e ruta basadi go itlhokomolosa ditselana tse ba kgopisiwang ka tsone e bile ba sa tsewe sentle.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=41}}</ref></ref> Se e le tsela ya go fetlha boikanyo mo lelwapeng la gabone le mo setsong sa lefatshe la gabone, Mosa o ithuta go gana go amogela maitsholo a a sa lolamang mo tikologong ya gabone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref>Ka tsela e, mme Dow o ne a sekaseka ka moo go ineela ga setšhaba le go didimala ka diphoso mo setšhabeng go bakang tlhakatlhakano ya megopolo le go tiriso-botlhaswa ya batho ba ba se nang dithata ke ba ba nang le dithata go ba feta.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=38–40}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|alt=Photograph of asmiling African woman wearing a grey tweed jacket over a white v-necked blouse with a purple scarf and beaded necklace around her neck.|thumb| Mme Dow ka ngwaga wa 2011]] Melaetsa e e tshwanang e tsentswe mo pading ya bobedi ya ga Dow ya setlhogo sa '<nowiki/>''The Screaming of the Innocent'' ' ya ngwaga wa 2001, e le yone e sekasekang thatafatso ya basadi mo lefatsheng le le tletseng bonweenwee jwa mapodisi, dipolao tsa ditlhabelo tsa bongaka ba setso, diphiri mo metheong ya lefatshe ga mmogo le tidimalo ya setšhaba mo dikgannyeng tse.<ref name=":2" /> Fa a sekaseka mokgwa wa setso wa ''dipheko'', wa go bolaya motho go gopela dirwe tsa gagwe ka ntlha ya lesego le katlego e a nang le yone go ya ka tumelo ya maselamotse , Dow o supa ka fa bahumi le batho ba ba nang le dithata ba tshwarang baagedi ba metseselegae ba ba sa rutegang ka teng le ka fa ba rekang tidimalo ya ba ba mo maemong a molao ka teng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=40–41}}</ref></ref> Mo bukeng e, mosetsana mongwe o mmotlana o bolawa mo [[The bush|sekgweng]] gaufi le motse wa gaabo mme tshedimosetso ka ga tsheko e o e gateletswe ke mapodisi le banna ba ba nang le dithata tse di rileng ba lefelo la gabone. Go kgaoganngwa ga gagwe go fitlhegile mo pading jaaka sesupo sa go tlhoka go lemogiwa ga ditiro tse di ntseng jalo mo setšhabeng ka kakaretso.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref> Moanelwamogolo, e bong Amantle Bokaa, yo o wetsang [[:en:National_service|tirelo ya gagwe ya setshaba]], o ribolola diaparo tse di tletseng madi mo lebokosong la kokelwana e a abetsweng go berekela kwa go yone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=42–43}}</ref></ref>Diaparo tseo ke tsa motho yo o kileng a tlhaselwa pelenyana, mme fa di tlhagisiwa mo bathong ba motse di tsosa maitemogelo a gore ntlha e o ba ne ba e fitlhetswe. Ka go nne batho ba motse ba ne ba dumela gore Bokaa o ka seke a lebiwe ka tsela e e sa siamang e ba ba mo maemong a a rileng ba ba tshwarang ka yone, o tlhophiwa go bua le mapodisi mo boemong jwa batho ba motse.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=43}}</ref></ref>Ka lebaka la gore ke mosadi e bile ke ngwana, o ne a tlaa lebega a se na maatla, mme dithutego tsa gagwe, tse di neng tsa mo ruta bokgoni jwa go lebagana le baganetsi le go botsolosa ditumelo, di mo fa maatla le go itshepa go ka gwetlha molao wa tidimalo ga mmogo le dikgoreletsi tsa setshaba tse di emeng kgatlhanong le ene.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=43}}</ref></ref> <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=23}}</ref></ref>Tiro ya ga Dow ga e tlhome mogopolo fela mo dikamanong tsa dithata, mme e tlhoma mogopolo mo go tshoseng ga dipolao tsa dipheko le [[Femicide|dipolao tsa basadi]]. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=27}}</ref></ref>O tlhalosa sentle tumelo ya gagwe ya gore bomme e tlaa nna bone ba ba okameng diphetogo mo melaong ya go fedisa ditiro tse di ntseng jalo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=32}}</ref></ref> ''Buka ya Far and Beyon′'' e ne ya gatisiwa la ntlha mo Botswana mme morago ga moo ya gatisiwa kwa Australia. ''Buka ya 'The Screaming of the Innocent' e'' ne ya gatisiwa la ntlha kwa Australia mme ga gatisiwa gape kwa Aferikaborwa ka ngwaga wa 2003. Padi ya gagwe ya boraro, ya setlhogo sa ''Juggling Truths'', e ne ya gatisiwa mo ngwageng yo o kwa Australia mme ya gololwa mo ngwageng o o latelang kwa Aferika Borwa. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=36}}</ref></ref> Dow o ne a sekaseka gape mekgwa ya setso le ditlwaelo tsa setshaba tse di sa lolamang a bo a tswa ka maano a go di lwantsha. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref> Le fa a ne a sekaseka setšhaba sa Aferika mo nakong e e fetileng le dikgang tse di bakilweng ke go ganetsana le ditiro tsa segompieno tsa letso la batho-basweu le setso sa selegae, tiro e, e itebagantse thata le go lekalekanya mekgwa e e siameng le e e sa siamang mo setsong sa selegae. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|pp=38–39}}</ref></ref> Ka go dirisa moanelwa, Monei, yo e leng mosetsana yo mmotlana yo o nnang mo motseng wa selegae, Dow o sekaseka dingwao tse di fetedisitsweng mo dikokomaneng le tiriso ya mainane jaaka tsela ya go tsenya dikaelo tsa maitsholo le jaaka taolo ya botho jwa bana. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|M'Raijii|2017|p=77}}</ref></ref>Buka e o e botsa dipotso ka dikgang go akaretsa ditumelo tsa gore go bolaya [[:en:Monitor_lizard|kgwathe]] go dira gore go nne le ditsuatsue tse di tlhorontshang, gore go nna tsala le motho yo o nang le [[:en:Albinism|boswafe]] go dira gore motho a se ka a nna lesego, kgotsa gore go nwa motlhapo wa poo go ka thusa motho go ithuta go letsa molodi. Gape e akaretsa dipolelo tsa setshedi se se tona se se kometsang bana ga mmogo le moruti yo o itseelang dikobo ka dikgoka mo basetsaneng ba botlana. Melaetsa e e mo polelong e, e golaganya ''Juggling Truths'' le dipadi tse pedi tsa ntlha tsa ga Dow mme e akantsha batho gore basetsana le basadi ba kgona go tlhabolola maatla a bone ka thuto e bile ba kgona go ikakanyetsa. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|M'Raijii|2017|p=77}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=45}}</ref></ref>. Dow o atamela tshekatsheko ya gagwe ya go raraana ga dipopego tsa setshaba a dirisa ditsereganyo tse di farologaneng, a lemoga gore ga go na ditharabololo tse di bonolo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=39}}</ref></ref> ''Buka ya Juggling Truths'' e ne e le motlhophiwa wa [[Percy FitzPatrick Award|Mokgele wa Percy FitzPatrick]] mo setlhopheng sa bagolo ba ba botlana ka ngwaga wa 2006.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=149}}</ref></ref> Buka ya ga Dow ya ngwaga wa 2007 ya setlhogo sa '<nowiki/>''The Heavens May Fall'<nowiki/>'' e bua ka boitshupo jo bo fetogang go tswa mo setšhabeng se se remeletseng mo ditumelong tsa setso go ya kwa lefatsheng la ditumelo tsa segompieno . Go ya ka tebo ya ga mme Dow, setšhaba se nna fela se fetoga; ka ntlha ya seo, ngwao, bong, boitshupo, puo, dipopego le metheo ya setshaba le tsone di a fetoga.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=81}}</ref></ref> E bontsha botshelo jwa ga mme Dow ka bo ene, polelo e o, e bolela ka phetogo ya go tswa mo go tlhokeng ditsela go ya kwa go tsenyeng diphaephe mo matlong le kafa khumo ya diteemane e neng ya dira gore go nne le bokgoni jwa go bona thuto e e rileng, botsogo jo bo lolameng le ditirelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=84}}</ref></ref> [Buka e neeletswe bana ba gagwe ba bararo, e boeletsa ka fa dikakanyo ka ga bone di fetogileng ka teng, ka e le Maaferika, mme gape ba na le boitshupo jo bo raraaneng ka gore ntate wa bone e ne e le moagedi wa lefatshe la Amerika. Mo nakong e polelo e tswelelang ka yone ba ka bo ba bonwe ke setšhaba e le batswakwa. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=86}}</ref></ref> Polelo e, e bua ka Naledi, yo o tshotsweng pele ga Botswana a tlhabololwa mme e diragala ka nako ya fa Dow a gwetlha molao wa bosetšhaba.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=83}}</ref></ref> Jaaka mmueledi, Naledi o emetse bomme le bana ba ba ba tlhokang thuso ya tsereganyo kgotsa ya semolao. O tsaya tsheko ya motswasetlhabelo yo o mo dingwageng tsa bolesome wa kgang ya go tseelwa dikobo ka dikgoka mme o senola go raraana ga tsamaiso ya semolao e e laolwang ke batho ba borre, e e neng ya kgaphela tsheko kwa thoko ntle le theetso ya yone. Le fa tsheko e sa rarabololwa, mosekisiwa o ne a laelwa go dira tlhatlhobo ya mogare wa HIV, ka gore motswasetlhabelo wa gagwe o ne a kopane le tlhakanelo dikobo e e sa dirisetswang tshireletso, <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=87}}</ref></ref> mo go gatelelang diphetogo tsa lefatshe le go fetogafetoga ga dilo. Bong ga bo a neela mosekisiwa tshiamelo kgotsa dithata tsa go tila tlhatlhobo mo lefatsheng le tsamaiso ya semolao e nang le ditshireletso go akaretsa tshireletso ya basadi, <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=88}}</ref></ref> le fa tsamaiso ya semolao e ne ya felela e paletswe ke go thusa Naledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> == Dikwalo == Ka ngwaga wa 2000, fa Dow a simolola go gatisa dibuka tsa dipolelo, go ne go na le bakwadi ba le mmalwa fela ba Batswana ba ba neng ba tlhagisitse dibuka tse di neng tsa fitlhelela mafatshe a a kwa ntle ga Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=34}}</ref></ref>Lengwe la mabaka a seo e ne e le kganetso e e feteletseng ya boeteledipele jwa lefatshe la Botswana gore batho-basweu ba kwa ga Mmamosadinyana ba kopanye lefatshe la bone le [[Aforika Borwa|Aferikaborwa]], se se neng sa dira gore go nne le kganetso ya go itshireletsa kgatlhanong le tumelo ya [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe|kopano ya mafatshe a Aferika]] go ne ga boa gape ga nna le go tlhoka peeletso mo dikgwebong tsa koketso-madi a setšhaba le mo tlhabololong ya thuto. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=34, 36}}</ref></ref> Mefuta ya dibuka tsa gagwe ka bobedi ba tsone go akaretsa tse e seng tsa dipolelo le tsa dipolelo di kopanya dintlhana tsa dikgang tse di amanang le setšhaba ga mmogo le tsa semolao e bile di supa ditlamorago tsa tsone mo go tsa bong le tsa ga mmogo le kabisano ya dithata.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Davis|2014|p=227}}</ref></ref><ref name=":2"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=35}}</ref></ref> . Dibuka dingwe le dingwe tsa ga Dow di sekaseka mekgwa ya setšhaba e e bakang go sa lekalekane ga dikamano tsa dithata le go tlhotlheletsa [[:en:Domestic_violence|tiriso-dikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi]], [[:en:Child_sexual_abuse|tirisobotlhaswa ya bana,]] [[:en:HIV/AIDS_in_Africa#Southern_Africa|mathata a segajaja sa AIDS]], le [[:en:Gender_inequality|go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong]].<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> Baanelwa mo dipolelong tsa gagwe ba dirisa mokgwa wa go akanya yo o tlwaelesegileng go ganetsa mekgwa ya ngwao e e sa utlwaleng mme ka fa ba gakolola mmadi ka botlhokwa jwa ngwao.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=153}}</ref></ref> Mo pading ya gagwe ya ntlha ya leina la '<nowiki/>''Far and Beyon′'' ya ngwaga wa 2000, mme Dow o ne a tlhoma mogopolo mo setlhogong se se botlhokwa sa leroborobo la bolwetsi jwa AIDS le ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka mo malwapeng, bogolo jang ka fa basadi ba ba tshelang mo setšhabeng se se dumelang mo ketelelongpele ke batho ba borre ba tshelang ka teng mo malwapeng a a se nang borre ka ntlha ya tshenyo e e bakileng mo magaeng a lefatshe la Botswana.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Leder Macharia|2012|p=249}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0"><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=40}}</ref></ref> E sekaseka melelwane e mekgwa ya setso, dingwao le metheo e e bayang mo basetsaneng ga mmogo le mo basading ka go dirisa dipopego tse di ikaegileng ka ketelelo pele ya banna.<ref name=":0" />Mo polelong e o, Mara, e bong mmè yo o sa itseng go bala le go kwala e bile a sa kgone go itshedisa, o setse a tsile a nyalwa ke monna a le mongwe a bo a tlhokafalelwa ke bana ba gagwe ba le babedi ka ntlha ya bolwetsi jwa AIDS, monna yo mongwe o ne a mo tlogela, mme monna wa gagwe wa boraro o ne a mo sotlaka.<ref name=":1"><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref><ref name=":0" />Mara o ne a amanya go swa ga bana ba gagwe le mmaba mongwe yo o fitlhegileng mme a batla dikarabo mo go bo [[:en:Divination|nkadilatlha]]. Le fa morwadie, wa leina la Mosadi, yo ka tlwaelo a itsegeng e le Mosa, le ngwana wa gagwe wa mosimane yo o setseng, e bong Stan, ba sa dumele gore a nkadilatlha o ka tlhalosa gore ke eng fa bokgaitsadie ba tlhokafetse, ba diragatsa fela dithomo tse ba di laetsweng. <ref name=":1" /> Fa Mosa a lemoga gore o mo mmeleng ebile o latlhilwe ke rraagwe ngwana, o tsaya tshwetso ya gore a senye mpa mo sephiring, go na le go imetsa mmaagwe yo o setseng a lebaganwe ke mathata.<ref name=":0" /> Mo maitekong a go fodisa lelwapa la gagwe, Mosa o sekaseka mekgwa ya tlwaelo e e kgaoganyang banna le basadi e bo e tsholeletsa megopolo ya borre kwa godimo, e ruta basadi go itlhokomolosa ditselana tse ba kgopisiwang ka tsone e bile ba sa tsewe sentle.<ref><ref name=":3" /></ref> Se e le tsela ya go fetlha boikanyo mo lelwapeng la gabone le mo setsong sa lefatshe la gabone, Mosa o ithuta go gana go amogela maitsholo a a sa lolamang mo tikologong ya gabone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref>Ka tsela e, mme Dow o ne a sekaseka ka moo go ineela ga setšhaba le go didimala ka diphoso mo setšhabeng go bakang tlhakatlhakano ya megopolo le go tiriso-botlhaswa ya batho ba ba se nang dithata ke ba ba nang le dithata go ba feta.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=38–40}}</ref></ref> [[Setshwantsho:Unity_Dow_-_PopTech_2011_-_Camden_Maine_USA_-_6266756376.jpg|alt=Photograph of asmiling African woman wearing a grey tweed jacket over a white v-necked blouse with a purple scarf and beaded necklace around her neck.|thumb| Mme Dow ka ngwaga wa 2011]] Melaetsa e e tshwanang e tsentswe mo pading ya bobedi ya ga Dow ya setlhogo sa '<nowiki/>''The Screaming of the Innocent'' ' ya ngwaga wa 2001, e le yone e sekasekang thatafatso ya basadi mo lefatsheng le le tletseng bonweenwee jwa mapodisi, dipolao tsa ditlhabelo tsa bongaka ba setso, diphiri mo metheong ya lefatshe ga mmogo le tidimalo ya setšhaba mo dikgannyeng tse.<ref name=":2" /> Fa a sekaseka mokgwa wa setso wa ''dipheko'', wa go bolaya motho go gopela dirwe tsa gagwe ka ntlha ya lesego le katlego e a nang le yone go ya ka tumelo ya maselamotse , Dow o supa ka fa bahumi le batho ba ba nang le dithata ba tshwarang baagedi ba metseselegae ba ba sa rutegang ka teng le ka fa ba rekang tidimalo ya ba ba mo maemong a molao ka teng.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=40–41}}</ref></ref> Mo bukeng e, mosetsana mongwe o mmotlana o bolawa mo [[The bush|sekgweng]] gaufi le motse wa gaabo mme tshedimosetso ka ga tsheko e o e gateletswe ke mapodisi le banna ba ba nang le dithata tse di rileng ba lefelo la gabone. Go kgaoganngwa ga gagwe go fitlhegile mo pading jaaka sesupo sa go tlhoka go lemogiwa ga ditiro tse di ntseng jalo mo setšhabeng ka kakaretso.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=42}}</ref></ref> Moanelwamogolo, e bong Amantle Bokaa, yo o wetsang [[:en:National_service|tirelo ya gagwe ya setshaba]], o ribolola diaparo tse di tletseng madi mo lebokosong la kokelwana e a abetsweng go berekela kwa go yone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|pp=42–43}}</ref></ref>Diaparo tseo ke tsa motho yo o kileng a tlhaselwa pelenyana, mme fa di tlhagisiwa mo bathong ba motse di tsosa maitemogelo a gore ntlha e o ba ne ba e fitlhetswe. Ka go nne batho ba motse ba ne ba dumela gore Bokaa o ka seke a lebiwe ka tsela e e sa siamang e ba ba mo maemong a a rileng ba ba tshwarang ka yone, o tlhophiwa go bua le mapodisi mo boemong jwa batho ba motse.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=43}}</ref></ref>Ka lebaka la gore ke mosadi e bile ke ngwana, o ne a tlaa lebega a se na maatla, mme dithutego tsa gagwe, tse di neng tsa mo ruta bokgoni jwa go lebagana le baganetsi le go botsolosa ditumelo, di mo fa maatla le go itshepa go ka gwetlha molao wa tidimalo ga mmogo le dikgoreletsi tsa setshaba tse di emeng kgatlhanong le ene.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenta|2004|p=43}}</ref></ref> <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=23}}</ref></ref>Tiro ya ga Dow ga e tlhome mogopolo fela mo dikamanong tsa dithata, mme e tlhoma mogopolo mo go tshoseng ga dipolao tsa dipheko le [[Femicide|dipolao tsa basadi]]. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=27}}</ref></ref>O tlhalosa sentle tumelo ya gagwe ya gore bomme e tlaa nna bone ba ba okameng diphetogo mo melaong ya go fedisa ditiro tse di ntseng jalo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Ngom|2018|p=32}}</ref></ref> ''Buka ya Far and Beyon′'' e ne ya gatisiwa la ntlha mo Botswana mme morago ga moo ya gatisiwa kwa Australia. ''Buka ya 'The Screaming of the Innocent' e'' ne ya gatisiwa la ntlha kwa Australia mme ga gatisiwa gape kwa Aferikaborwa ka ngwaga wa 2003. Padi ya gagwe ya boraro, ya setlhogo sa ''Juggling Truths'', e ne ya gatisiwa mo ngwageng yo o kwa Australia mme ya gololwa mo ngwageng o o latelang kwa Aferika Borwa. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=36}}</ref></ref> Dow o ne a sekaseka gape mekgwa ya setso le ditlwaelo tsa setshaba tse di sa lolamang a bo a tswa ka maano a go di lwantsha. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=38}}</ref></ref> Le fa a ne a sekaseka setšhaba sa Aferika mo nakong e e fetileng le dikgang tse di bakilweng ke go ganetsana le ditiro tsa segompieno tsa letso la batho-basweu le setso sa selegae, tiro e, e itebagantse thata le go lekalekanya mekgwa e e siameng le e e sa siamang mo setsong sa selegae. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|pp=38–39}}</ref></ref> Ka go dirisa moanelwa, Monei, yo e leng mosetsana yo mmotlana yo o nnang mo motseng wa selegae, Dow o sekaseka dingwao tse di fetedisitsweng mo dikokomaneng le tiriso ya mainane jaaka tsela ya go tsenya dikaelo tsa maitsholo le jaaka taolo ya botho jwa bana. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|M'Raijii|2017|p=77}}</ref></ref>Buka e o e botsa dipotso ka dikgang go akaretsa ditumelo tsa gore go bolaya [[:en:Monitor_lizard|kgwathe]] go dira gore go nne le ditsuatsue tse di tlhorontshang, gore go nna tsala le motho yo o nang le [[:en:Albinism|boswafe]] go dira gore motho a se ka a nna lesego, kgotsa gore go nwa motlhapo wa poo go ka thusa motho go ithuta go letsa molodi. Gape e akaretsa dipolelo tsa setshedi se se tona se se kometsang bana ga mmogo le moruti yo o itseelang dikobo ka dikgoka mo basetsaneng ba botlana. Melaetsa e e mo polelong e, e golaganya ''Juggling Truths'' le dipadi tse pedi tsa ntlha tsa ga Dow mme e akantsha batho gore basetsana le basadi ba kgona go tlhabolola maatla a bone ka thuto e bile ba kgona go ikakanyetsa. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|M'Raijii|2017|p=77}}</ref></ref><ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=45}}</ref></ref>. Dow o atamela tshekatsheko ya gagwe ya go raraana ga dipopego tsa setshaba a dirisa ditsereganyo tse di farologaneng, a lemoga gore ga go na ditharabololo tse di bonolo. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Gagiano|2004|p=39}}</ref></ref> ''Buka ya Juggling Truths'' e ne e le motlhophiwa wa [[Percy FitzPatrick Award|Mokgele wa Percy FitzPatrick]] mo setlhopheng sa bagolo ba ba botlana ka ngwaga wa 2006.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=149}}</ref></ref> Buka ya ga Dow ya ngwaga wa 2007 ya setlhogo sa '<nowiki/>''The Heavens May Fall'<nowiki/>'' e bua ka boitshupo jo bo fetogang go tswa mo setšhabeng se se remeletseng mo ditumelong tsa setso go ya kwa lefatsheng la ditumelo tsa segompieno . Go ya ka tebo ya ga mme Dow, setšhaba se nna fela se fetoga; ka ntlha ya seo, ngwao, bong, boitshupo, puo, dipopego le metheo ya setshaba le tsone di a fetoga.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=81}}</ref></ref> E bontsha botshelo jwa ga mme Dow ka bo ene, polelo e o, e bolela ka phetogo ya go tswa mo go tlhokeng ditsela go ya kwa go tsenyeng diphaephe mo matlong le kafa khumo ya diteemane e neng ya dira gore go nne le bokgoni jwa go bona thuto e e rileng, botsogo jo bo lolameng le ditirelo.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=84}}</ref></ref> [Buka e neeletswe bana ba gagwe ba bararo, e boeletsa ka fa dikakanyo ka ga bone di fetogileng ka teng, ka e le Maaferika, mme gape ba na le boitshupo jo bo raraaneng ka gore ntate wa bone e ne e le moagedi wa lefatshe la Amerika. Mo nakong e polelo e tswelelang ka yone ba ka bo ba bonwe ke setšhaba e le batswakwa. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=86}}</ref></ref> Polelo e, e bua ka Naledi, yo o tshotsweng pele ga Botswana a tlhabololwa mme e diragala ka nako ya fa Dow a gwetlha molao wa bosetšhaba.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=83}}</ref></ref> Jaaka mmueledi, Naledi o emetse bomme le bana ba ba ba tlhokang thuso ya tsereganyo kgotsa ya semolao. O tsaya tsheko ya motswasetlhabelo yo o mo dingwageng tsa bolesome wa kgang ya go tseelwa dikobo ka dikgoka mme o senola go raraana ga tsamaiso ya semolao e e laolwang ke batho ba borre, e e neng ya kgaphela tsheko kwa thoko ntle le theetso ya yone. Le fa tsheko e sa rarabololwa, mosekisiwa o ne a laelwa go dira tlhatlhobo ya mogare wa HIV, ka gore motswasetlhabelo wa gagwe o ne a kopane le tlhakanelo dikobo e e sa dirisetswang tshireletso, <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=87}}</ref></ref> mo go gatelelang diphetogo tsa lefatshe le go fetogafetoga ga dilo. Bong ga bo a neela mosekisiwa tshiamelo kgotsa dithata tsa go tila tlhatlhobo mo lefatsheng le tsamaiso ya semolao e nang le ditshireletso go akaretsa tshireletso ya basadi, <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=88}}</ref></ref> le fa tsamaiso ya semolao e ne ya felela e paletswe ke go thusa Naledi.<ref><ref>{{harvnb|Jenkins|2012|p=151}}</ref></ref> Dow o nnile le seabe mo bukeng ya setlhogo sa ''Schicksal Afrika'' (Pheletso ya Aferika) e e neng ya kokoanngwa ke tautona wa pele wa Jeremane rre [[:en:Horst_Köhler|Horst Köhler]] ka ngwaga wa 2010, o o neng a kokoanya ditiro tsa bakwadi ba ba itsegeng thata. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Wieggman|2010}}</ref></ref>Mokwalo wa gagwe o ne o itebagantse le puso ya batho-basweu le go tlhoka go itshepha ga kontinente ya Aferika mo botlhaleng jwa yone. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Schamburek|2010}}</ref></ref> Mo ngwageng yo o, o ne a gatisa gape buka ya setlhogo sa 'Saturday ''is for funerals'<nowiki/>'' le [[:en:Max_Essex|Max Essex]], yo e leng morutabana [[Harvard University|wa Harvard]] le mmatlisisi ka bolwetsi jwa AIDS. Buka e, e kwadilwe jaaka ditlotlo magareng ga ga Dow le Essex. O simolola kgaolo nngwe le nngwe, ka polelo ya nnete ya motho yo o amilweng ke bolwetsi jwa HIV/AIDS, e e latelelwang ke kakgelo ya ga Essex ka go tlhatlhoba, diritibatsi tsa mogare, le ditharabololo tsa maemo a Botswana jaaka lefatshe le le nang le seelo sa boraro se se kwa godimo sa HIV mo lefatsheng ka bophara. Le fa [[:en:Helen_Epstein_(journalist)|Helen Epstein]], moithutatshelo wa tsa Saense le mmegadikgang yo o kwalang ka HIV/AIDS, <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Starita|2008}}</ref></ref> a ne a hutsafalela gore bontsi jwa ditharabololo tsa ga Essex di tlhoka maranyane a a kwa godimo, o ne a lemoga gore dipolelo tsa ga Dow di gapeletsa mme di bontsha go iketleeletsa ga setšhaba sa Batswana go lwantsha bothata jwa sone jwa bolwetse bo ka tlhamalalo le ka kutlwelobotlhoko. <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Epstein|2010|p=16}}</ref></ref> Fetson Kalua, morutabana wa Dithuto tse dikgolwane tsa Sekgoa kwa [[Yunibesithi ya Aforika Borwa|Yunibesithing ya Aferikaborwa]], <ref><ref>{{harvnb|Baker|2009|p=365}}</ref></ref> o ne a bitsa Dow "mokwadi yo o nang le tlhotlheletso go gaisa wa dipolelo mo Botswana mo malatsing a gompieno". <ref name=":3"><ref>{{harvnb|Kalua|2010|p=81}}</ref></ref> augczfg4bqchhuw3fkl1vr3gcxjtvan 0 8456 53578 31620 2026-07-29T18:17:45Z MmaBaggio 11091 53578 wikitext text/x-wiki Basadi ba ba ratanang le basadi ba bangwe, banna ba ba ratanang le banna ba bangwe, ba ba kgatlhegelang basadi le banna le ba ba fetotseng bong mo lefatsheng la [[Botswana]] ba lebanwe ke dikgang tsa molao tse di iseng di itemogelwe ke ba ba ratanang le ba bong jo bo sa tshwaneng le jwa bone. Go ratana ka bong ga banna le ga basadi go sa le go nna mo molaong mo lefatsheng la Botswana ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e le malatsi a le lesome le motso morago ga tumalano ka bongwefela jwa pelo ga kgotla tshekelo ya Botswana ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e le malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boferabongwe, ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bongwe.<ref>Fox,Kara. (''2019-06-11)'' "''[https://edition.cnn.com/2019/06/11/africa/botswana-lgbtq-ruling-intl/index.html?no-st=1560254302 Botswana scraps gay sex laws in big victory for LGBTQ rights in Africa".]'' CNN. Retrieved 2019-06-11</ref> <ref>''"[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-48594162 Botswana decriminalises homosexuality]".'' BBC. 2019-06-11.Retrieved 2019-06-11. </ref> Mo dingwageng tsa mo bosheng, lekgotla la go ratana ka bong le simolotse go nna mo pontsheng le go amogelesega mo sechabeng sa [[Botswana]].<ref>[https://legabibo.wordpress.com/2016/03/11/batswana-warm-up-to-gays-study-shows/ Batswana warm up to gays, study shows] 11 March 2016</ref> Kgotla tshekelo ya Botswana e ntse e le tshoso e rweleng mo ditshwanelong tsa baratani ka bong mo lefatsheng. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borataro, e ne ya laola puso go kwadisa mokgatlo wa konokono e bong [[:en:LEGABIBO|LEGABIBO]] wa go ratana ka bong bo le bongwe, Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bosupa e ne ya laola gore batho ba ba iphetotseng bong ba na le ditshwanelo tsa go fetola bong jwa bone jwa semmuso.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190330075744/https://www.gaystarnews.com/article/botswana-postpones-decriminalizing-gay-sex/ Botswana High Court postpones ruling on decriminalizing gay sex] (2019-03-14). Gay Star News. Retrieved 2019-03-15.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe,e ne ya kgemetha melao ya bogologolo e e neng e thibela go ratana ka bong, mme ya laola gore tlhakanelo dikobo, go ya ka karolo ya boraro ya molao motheo wa Botswana, e tshwanetse go ranolwa go akaretsa metlhale ya tlhakanelo dikobo. Go thibelwa pereko ka ntlha ya mofuta wa tlhakanelo dikobo ya motho go ileditswe mo Botswana fa e sale ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome, se se dira gore Botswana e nne lengwe la mafatshe a le mmalwa fela mo [[Aferika]] a a sireletsang batho ba ba ratanang ka bong bo le bongwe. [[:en:LEGABIBO|LEGABIBO]] ke setlhopha sa konokono se se lwelang ditshwanelo le go rotloetsa kitso le kamogelo ya baratani ba bong bo le bongwe. == Molao wa go letlelela tlhakanelo dikobo ya bong bo le bongwe == Tlhakanelo dikobo ya bong bo le bongwe e letleletswe ka fa molaong ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e le malatsi a le lesome le motso ka ngwaga wa 2019. Pele, tlhakanelo dikobo ya mofuta o e ne e sa letlelelelwe, motho wa go nna jalo a ka atlholelwa dingwaga di le supa mo toronkong. Molao o o iletsang tlhakanelo dikobo ya mofuta o e ne e ama basadi le banna. Kwa tshimologong o ne o dirisiwa mo banneng fela, mme kgotla tshekelo ya Botswana ya bona fa se ele kgethololo, mme ya laola gore molao o o dirisiwe le mo basading.<ref>Marusic,Kristina 2/22/2017 "''[http://www.newnownext.com/why-more-and-more-countries-are-making-it-illegal-to-be-a-lesbian-or-bi-woman/02/2017/ Why More And More Countries Are Making It Illegal To Be A Lesbian Or Bi Woman]''". LOGO News</ref> Le ntswa tlhakanelo dikobo ya bong e ne e se ka fa molaong go fitlhelela ka Seetebosigo ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe, <ref>Powys Maurice, Emma. (11 June 2019)."''[https://www.pinknews.co.uk/2019/03/14/botswana-lgbt-decriminalise-gay-sex/ Botswana LGBT activists present arguments to decriminalise gay sex"].'' Pink News. Retrieved 11 June 201''9''</ref> go atlholwa ga bone go ne go a diragadiwe kgapetsakgapetsa go ya ka kgatiso ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone.<ref>Mookodi,Godisang.(2004). [https://web.archive.org/web/20120214061847/http://www.kinseyinstitute.org/ccies/pdf/ccies-botswana.pdf Botswana].Continuum Complete International Encyclopedia of Sexuality.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e le malatsi a le masome a mararo, ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borataro , khansele ya toropokgolo [[Gaborone]] e ne ya dumalana ka bongwefela jwa pelo go phimola molao o o iletsang tlhakanelo dikobo ya batho ba bong bo le bongwe. Moithuti kwa [[Mmadikolo wa Botswana|Mmadikolo]], Letsweletse Motshidiemang, e ne ele ene mosekisi o o neng a eteletse pele tsheko ya go letlelela go ratana ka bong bo le bongwe mo Botswana. Ka Ngwanatsele ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bosupa, lekgotla la LEGABIBO le na la atlega mo go ikopeleng go nna bontlha bongwe jwa tsheko e ele mo tsaya karolo. Kgetsi e, e ne e leka go supa fa dikarolo tsa molao motheo wa Botswana tsa lekgolo le masome a marataro le bone(a) le lekgolo le masome a marataro le bosuap di se ka fa molaong ka di kgoreletsa ditshwanelo tsa moithuti o o tsa go lwela kgololesego, tshwanelo ya sephiri, le tshwanelo ya go dirisa mmele wa gagwe ka fa a bonang go tshwanela ka teng. Le fa go tse jalo, mothusa mmueledi wa kakaretso o ne a tlhalosa fa dikarolo tse di le ka fa molaong ka go nne di itsa mekgwa mengwe ya tlhakanelo dikobo e e ka diragadiwang ke batho botlhe, ba ba ratanang ka bong bo le bongwe le ba ba ratanang le ba bong jo bo sa tshwaneng le jwa bone, ka jalo melao e o e sa kgetholole ope. Kgotla tshekelo e nne e solofetswe go reetsa kgang e o ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi kgwedi ya Motsheganong e le malatsi a a masome a mararo le bongwe. Kgetsi e o e ne ya tlosolosiwa gape. Ka kgwedi ya Morule e le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi ,lesome le borobabobedi, kgotla tshekelo e ne ya tlosolosa kgang e go e isa kwa ngwageng wa dikete tse pedi le le lesome le borobabongwe, kgwedi ya Mopitlo e le lesome le bone. Ba lwela ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ba ratanang ka bong ba ne ba tsisa mabaka a bone fa pele ga kgotla mme ba neelwa letsatsi la Seetebosigo a le lesome le motso go reetsa katlholo. Ka Seetebosigo a le lesome le motso, kgotla tshekelo e ne ya letlelela tlhakanelo dikobo ya bong bo le bongweka go dumalana ka mogopolo o le mongwe gore karolo ya bo lekgolo le masome a marataro le bone ya molao motheo wa Botswana ga e ka fa molaong. Katlholo e ne ya amogelwa ke pathi e e mo pusong ya [[:en:Botswana_Democratic_Party|Botswana Democratic Party]]. Moatlhodi Michael Leburu o ne a tswelela ka gore "melao ya go nna jalo e tshwanelwa ke go nna kwa matlotlong le mabokelong a ditso e seng mo lefatsheng". Seriti sa setho se a amega fa ditlhopha tse di potlana di kgaphelwa thoko" ... Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe, kgwedi ya Phukwi, puso ya Botswana e na ya ikuela kwa kgotla tshekelong kgatlhanong le katlholo e. Moatlhodi mogolo Abraham Keetshabe a tlhalosa fa kgotla tshekelo e dirile phoso mo go letleleleng molao o, mme a se ka a tlhalosa go ya pele. Lekgotla la LEGABIBO le balwela ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ba ratanang ka bong ba ne ba bolela fa ikuelo e e le matlhabisa ditlhong e bile e supa go tlhoa batho ba ba ratanang ka bong bo le bongwe le ba ba fetotseng bong. Ikuelo e e ne ya ganwa ka Ngwanatsele a le malatsi a le masome mabedi le boferabongwe ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bongwe, fa tautona yo o ithotseng marapo wa kgotla tshekelo ya ikuelo [[:en:Ian_Kirby|Ian Kirby]] a ne a kwala gore melao e e sa letleleleng go ratana ka bong e fitilwe ke tiriso ya one, mme ebile e rotloetsa ba molao go tsuolola ditshwanelo tsa Batswana. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone2, Lephata la Badiri le Merero ya Selegae le ne la itsise maikaelelo a lone a go sekaseka Molao wa Lenyalo. E laleditse balweladitshwanelo tsa LGBT go tsaya karolo mo go sekasekeng molao ono.[9] Lefapha le begile gore "[t]hotlheletsa thutopuisano, bannaleseabe ba ne ba samagana le kgwetlho ya go lekalekanya dingwao tse di farologaneng tsa setso le bodumedi tsa Botswana le tlhokego ya letlhomeso la semolao la segompieno, le le akaretsang. [...] Jaaka fa thutopuisano e konela, bannaleseabe ba konosetsa dikgakololo tse di solofetsweng go kaela The aicome out Amend. letlhomeso la semolao le le tlotlang dingwao tsa Botswana fa le ntse le amogela kgatelopele le go akaretsa." Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le borataro2, Tona ya Merero ya Badiri le Selegae, Pius Mokgware, o netefaditse gore puso ga e na boemo bope mabapi le lenyalo la bong jo bo tshwanang le gore lefapha la gagwe le "sekaseka Molao wa Lenyalo go tsamaelana le Molaotheo wa Botswana, moo ditherisano ka ga dintlha tse di tshwanang le eno di tla tsenngwang mo... Lekoko la Botswana la Boratanaga.[10] == Kgetsi ya kgotlatshekelo == Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano, banyalani ba bong jo bo tshwanang, Bonolo Selelo le Tsholofelo Kumile, ba ba neng ba ntse ba ratana fa e sale ka kgwedi ya Phalane,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro , ba ne ba romela kgwetlho ya molaotheo ba batla gore lenyalo la bong jo bo tshwanang le amogelwe semolao.[11] Ba ne ba tlhatlhela dikgetsi kwa Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo, ba bolela gore karolo 10(2) ya Molao wa Lenyalo e tlola Dikarolo 3 (ditshwanelo tsa motheo le dikgololesego), 7 (tshireletso mo go tshwarweng ka tsela e e sa siamang), 12 (kgololesego ya go tlhagisa maikutlo), 13 (kgololesego ya go kopana le go kopana), le 15 ya Molaotheo wa Botswana. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano, ba patilwe ke basupi ba le babedi, ba ne ba leka go ikwadisetsa go gatisiwa ga dithibelo kwa lephateng la kwadiso ya baagi le ya setshaba kwa Gaborone. Kopo ya bone e ne ya ganwa ka lebaka la gore molao wa Botswana ga o letlelele lenyalo magareng ga batho ba bong jo bo tshwanang. Morago ga go romelwa kwa kantorongkgolo ya Lephata, ba ne ba ganwa gape mme go begwa fa ba ne ba gakololwa gore ba akanyetse go nyalana mo Aforika Borwa, kwa manyalo a batho ba bong jo bo tshwanang a amogelwang teng. Banyalani bao ba ne ba nganga gore go nyalana kwa ntle ga Botswana go tlaa ba amoga ditshwanelo tse di feletseng tsa semolao le ditshireletso tse di amanang le lenyalo la selegae kwa nageng ya bone, go akaretsa ditshwanelo tsa boswa, taolo ya go tsaya ditshwetso tsa kalafi le go amogelwa ga molekane. Ba ne ba tswelela ka go nganga gore go ba gana go tsena mo lenyalong go tsweletsa kgobo mo setšhabeng le go dira gore banyalani ba bong jo bo tshwanang e nne baagi ba maemo a bobedi le fa e le "maloko a a nang le seabe ka botlalo mo setšhabeng". Theetso ya ntlha e ne ya tshwarwa ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola garataro, ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boratao.[12][13] Mo kopanong e e neng ya latela morago ga moo ka la bo 6 Mopitlwe, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya rulaganyetsa gore kgetse eno e nne le dingangisano tsa molomo ka la bo kgwedi ya Phukwi e le lesome le bone le fa e le lesome le botlhano fa pele ga banka e e tletseng ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo. Mekgatlho e le mmalwa ya bodumedi e ne ya dira kopo ya go tsereganya mo kgetsing eno go ganetsa lenyalo la batho ba bong jo bo tshwanang.[14][15][16] Mmueledi wa Mmueledi Mogolo o ne a ntsha polelo ya gore "Molao wa Lenyalo o tlhalosa gore lenyalo le le amogelesegang ke le le fa gare ga monyadiwa le monyadi le kgotsa monna le mosadi, le le supang kgolagano fa gare ga monna le mosadi ka tsela e e tlwaelegileng. Molao wa Lenyalo ga o tlamele ka manyalo a bong jo bo tshwanang ." Banyalani bano ba nganga gore Molao wa Tlhaloso (Molao wa 20 wa 1984) o tshegetsa kgetse ya bone, ka ntlha ya molao o o bolelang jaana: "Mo molaong mafoko a a tlisang bong jwa monna a akaretsa bong jwa mosadi mme mafoko a a tlisang bong jwa mosadi a akaretsa banna."[17] == Kamogelo ya Ditso le ya Selegae == Fa BaTswana ba ne ba dira lenyalo la basadi ba le bantsi mo hisitoring,[18] ga go na direkoto tsa manyalo a bong jo bo tshwanang a a neng a dirwa mo ditsong tsa selegae ka tsela e a tlwaelegileng go tlhalosiwa ka yone mo dithulaganyong tsa semolao tsa Bophirima. Le fa go ntse jalo, go na le bosupi jwa boitshupo le maitsholo a a ka bewang mo setlhopheng sa LGBT.[19] Bosupi jwa segompieno jwa molomo bo supa fa dikamano tsa bong jo bo tshwanang di ne di "tlwaelegile" e bile di "atile" mo gare ga badiri ba meepo ba MaTswana mo Aforika Borwa mo tshimologong ya ngwagakgolo wa bo20. E ne e le ka nako e ka metswako ya meepo le tlhotlheletso ya dipuo tsa Aforika Borwa fa lereo la segompieno la matanyola, le le kayang "thobalano ya marago", le tsena mo puong ya Setswana.[20] Dikamano tse di ne di farologana thata le tlhaloganyo ya Bophirima ya manyalo a bong jo bo tshwanang, ka banna ba ba neng ba tsena mo "manyalong a me" ano ba ne ba tswelela go nyala basadi mme ba "dumelana, kgotsa ba lebega ba dumalana, le ditsholofelo tsa bong" mme ba ne ba ka se ikaye e le basodoma kgotsa ba bong jo bo tshwanang, kgotsa "ba sa ikanyege mo mokgweng wa [bone] wa lenyalo. Botswana e ne ya nna ya segompieno thata mme ya tlhagelela mo setsong sa Bophirima le letlhoo la batho ba bong jo bo tshwanang mo ngwagakgolong wa bo masome mabedi.[22][23] Thobalano ya marago magareng ga banna e ne ya nna e e seng ka fa molaong ka fa tlase ga molao wa bokoloniale mo nakong eno Molao o ne wa phimolwa ke Kgotlatshekelokgolo ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe .[24] Bosupi gape bo supa gore tiro ya thobalano ya bong jo bo tshwanang e ne e "tlwaelegile e bile e amogelwa" ke batho ba San.[25] Fa Ba-San ba tshegetsa thulaganyo ya lenyalo le le bonolo, gantsi ba dira lenyalo le lentsi le go ananya balekane.[26][27] == Ditiragalo tsa Sedumedi == Kereke ya Katoliki e e nang le diocese tse pedi mo Botswana, e nngwe e le kwa Gaborone fa e nngwe e le kwa Francistown, e kgatlhanong le lenyalo la bong jo bo tshwanang e bile ga e letle baruti ba yone go direla manyalong a go nna jalo. Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro, Setulo se se Boitshepo se ne sa gatisa Fiducia supplicans, e leng tlhomamiso e e neng e letla baruti ba Katoliki go segofatsa banyalani ba ba sa tseweng ba nyalane go ya ka thuto ya kereke, go akaretsa le go segofatsa banyalani ba bong jo bo tshwanang.[28] Bokopanong jwa Babishopo ba Katoliki ba Aforika Borwa, e e neng e emetse babishopo kwa Botswana, Aforika Borwa le Eswatini, e ne ya golola pegelo e e neng e re "tokomane eno e naya ditshitshinyo tsa gore masego a ka neelwa leng le jang. Khonferense ya Babishopo ba Katoliki ba Aforika Borwa e tla kaela go ya pele ka ga gore tshegofatso e e ntseng jalo e ka neelwa jang. fa go ntse jalo, ditshitshinyo tse di neelwang ke kgoeletso di ka tsewa jaaka kaelo ka kelotlhoko."[29][30] Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano, sinoto ya Kereke ya Evangelical Lutheran kwa Aforika Borwa e ne ya tlotla ka dikopano tsa bong jo bo tshwanang mme ya swetsa ka gore "lenyalo le tlhaloganngwa jaaka kopano e e amogelesegang fela fa gare ga monna le mosadi wa rona. tshegofatso ya dikopano tsa bong jo bo tshwanang e a ganwa [."[31] Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi, Kereke ya Methodist ya Aforika Borwa e ne ya boutela go letla maloko, go akaretsa le baruti ba ba tlhomilweng, go tsena mo dikopano tsa bong jo bo tshwanang, fa ba ntse ba bolokile thuto ya lekoko ya gore lenyalo ke kopano "magareng ga monna[3]. Kereke ya Porofense ya Aforika Bogare, karolo ya Selalelo sa Anglican, e tshwara gore "lenyalo, ka setheo sa bomodimo, ke kopano le tirisanommogo ya botshelo jotlhe le e e kgethegileng magareng ga monna a le mongwe le mosadi a le mongwe".[34] Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano, General Synod ya Dutch Reformed Church e ne ya bouta ka bontsi jwa 64% go amogela manyalo a batho ba bong jo bo tshwanang, go segofatsa dikamano tsa banyalani ba bong jo bo tshwanang le go letla baruti le baruti ba basodoma (ba ba sa tlhokegeng go nna ba sa nyala). Tshwetso e ama disinoto di robabongwe mo go tse lesome1; ka Sinoto ya Namibia e sa akarediwe, mme e dira mo disinoto tsa Kapa Bokone le Bokone, tse di akaretsang dikarolo tsa Botswana.[35] Tshwetso eno e ne ya dira gore batho ba e ganetse le go e ganetsa, mme seno sa felela ka gore e busediwe morago ngwaga moragonyana. Morago ga moo maloko a kereke a le lesomepedi a ne a isa lekoko leno kwa kgotlatshekelong go busetsa tshwetso ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe, Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya North Gauteng e ne ya busetsa tshwetso morago, ya atlhola gore le fa mekgatlho ya bodumedi e na le kgololesego ya go tlhalosa lenyalo tshwetso ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borataro ya go thibela lenyalo la bong jo bo tshwanang ga e a dirwa go ya ka thulaganyo e e siameng ya kereke.[36][37] Molawana wa kgololesego ya segakolodi o letla baruti ba ba nang le dikganetso go tlhopha go se dire manyalo a batho ba bong jo bo tshwanang, gore baruti ka bongwe ba gololesege go itlhophela gore a ba tla segofatsa manyalo a batho ba bong jo bo tshwanang. Maikutlo a setšhaba Patlisiso ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le le bone e e dirilweng ke The Other Foundation e bontshitse gore 70% ya Batswana ba ne ba le kgatlhanong le lenyalo la batho ba bong jo bo tshwanang.[38] == Metswedi == jrm8a6mk6rqm50iau1bwjhk2grv8w2j 0 8797 53611 51787 2026-07-30T08:28:14Z Lucrucia98 12161 53611 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Bathoen Gaseitsiwe|office=2nd [[Leader of the Opposition (Botswana)|Leader of the Opposition]]|image=Bathoen Gaseitsiwe - 1966.png|birth_date=18 May 1908|birth_place=[[Kanye, Botswana|Kanye]], [[Bechuanaland]]|death_date={{death date and age|1990|10|3|1908|05|18|df=y}}|death_place=[[Gaborone]], Botswana|nationality=[[Botswana|Motswana]]|spouse=Mmafane Ester Ketimetse Gaseitsiwe<ref name="Mmegi"/><br/>{{small|(died 1966)}}|children=5<ref name="Mmegi"/>}} '''Kgosi Bathoen Seepapitso Gaseitsiwe''' <ref>Keboetswe, Seane Ramaologa (12 August 2011). [https://www.mmegi.bw/ampArticle/33464 "The noblest man that ever lived in the tide of times, Kgosi Bathoen II"]. [[Koranta ya Mmegi|''Mmegi''.]]Retrieved 22 April 2023.</ref> o o itsegeng gape ka leina la Bathoen wa bobedi (Bathoen II), o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e le lesome le boferabobedi ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe le borobabobedi (1908), mme a tlhokafala ka kgwedi ya Phalane e le malatsi a le mararo ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe (1990). O ne a le kgosi, moatlhodi, lepolotiki, le kgosikgolo ya [[:en:Bangwaketse|Bangwaketse]] go tswa ka ngwaga ya sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi (1928) go tsena ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe (1990). O berekile ele modulasetilo wa [[:en:Botswana_National_Front|Botswana National Front]] (BNF) go tswa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le borataro (1966) go tsena ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le botlhano (1985), moeteledipele wa diphathi tsa kganetso go tswa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le borobabongwe (1969) go tsena ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bone (1984) gape e le moeteledipele wa kgotlatshekelo go tswa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le botlhano (1985) go fitlhelela a tlhokafala ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe (1990). O ne a emela kgaolo ya botlhophi ya borwa jwa [[Kanye]] kwa palamenteng makgetho a le mararo. Ka nako e a neng a le moeteledipele wa BNF e e neng e le yone phati ya polotiki ya bobedi ka botona mo lefatsheng, o ne a le moganetsi mogolo wa puso ya [[:en:Botswana_Democratic_Party|Botswana Democratic Party]] (BDP), e e neng e eteletswe pele ke [[Seretse Khama]] le [[Quett Masire]] ka dingwaga tse pedi tse dilesome ka nako ya lefatshe le tsaya boipuso. == Botshelo jwa gagwe == O tsene dikolo mono gae, mme a tloga a romelwa kwa [[Aforika Borwa|Aferika Borwa]] go tswa ka ngwaga ya 1919 go tsena ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mabedi le bosupa (1927) go ya go tsweledisa dithuto kwa [[:en:Tiger_Kloof_Educational_Institute|Tiger Kloof]] le kwa [[:en:Lovedale_(South_Africa)|Lovedale Missionary Institute]],<ref>Gates, Henry Louis; Akyeampong, Emmanuel; Niven, Steven J. (2011). [https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780195382075.001.0001/acref-9780195382075-e-0302 "Bathoen, II Seepapitso Gaseitsiwe (1908–1990)"]. ''Oxford Reference''. Retrieved 27/09/2023.</ref> Bathoen II o ne a tsaya bogosi jwa morafe wa Bangwaketse ka ngwaga wa sekete ,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi (1928). O berekile thata le [[Tshekedi Khama II|Tshekedi Khama]], Kgosi ya [[Bangwato]] ka nako ya fa ba lwela kgololesego mo go Mmamosadinyana.<ref>Government Printer (2010). ''[https://www.statsbots.org.bw/sites/default/files/publications/_REDUCEDF0007909536_POPULATION%20AND%20HOUSING%20CENSUS%202001_EVENTS%20CALENDAR.pdf 2001 Population Housing Census Events Calendar]''. Gaborone, Botswana: Central Statistics Office. p.&nbsp;30. ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>99912-1-372-4</bdi>.</ref> O ne a le kgosi ebile a le modulasetilo wa khansele e e gakololang.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230927100920/https://www.parliament.gov.bw/index.php/about-ntlo-ya-dikgosi/history-of-ntlo-ya-dikgosi "Evolution of the House of the Chiefs"]. ''Ntlo ya Dikgosi''. 2022. Retrieved 27 September 2023.</ref> Jaaka moganetsi wa ga Seretse Khama le phathi ya BDP, Bathoen lefa a ne a le sebete se molangwana, o ne a baya monwana tumalano ya molaomotheo wa lefatshe le go tsaya boipuso ga lefatshe la [[:en:Bechuanaland_Protectorate|Bechuanaland]] go tswa mo go la [[:en:United_Kingdom|United Kingdom]] ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le borataro (1966) kgwedi ya Lwetse. Ka a ne a sa itumelele se a neng a bona e le go dirisa botlhaswa nonofo ya bogosi mo lefatshing le go itlhaganelela go tsisa puso ya batho ka batho ka fa tlase ga puso ya ga Khama, Bathoen o ne a ithola marapo mo bogosing ka ngwaga wa sekete ,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le borobabongwe (1969) kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola gangwe, morago ga go busa dingwaga di le masome a mane, mme a emela botautona a le mo phathing ya BNF ka ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa sekete , makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le borobabongwe (1969). Le ntswa BDP e ne ya tsaya puso gape, Bathoen o ne a fenya ntlhopheng wa mothusa tautona Quett Masire kwa Kanye South ka palo e e kwa godimo, a ipaya pele jaaka moeteledipele wa kganetso kwa palamenteng.<ref>Polhemus, James H. (1983). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/160817 "Botswana Votes: Parties and Elections in an African Democracy"]. ''The Journal of Modern African Studies''. '''21''' (3): 397–430. [[:en:ISSN|ISSN]]&nbsp;[https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:0022-278X 0022-278X].</ref><ref>Winstanley, G. (1969). [http://www.electionpassport.com/files/BW-1969GenlRptSelParts.pdf ''Report on the General Elections 1969'' (PDF).] Supervisor of Elections. p.&nbsp;55.</ref> Bathoen o ne a tshwarelela maemo a moeteledipele wa kganetso mme a boa a tlhophiwa gape kwa kgaolong ya gagwe ya botlhophi ka ngwaga wa sekete , makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bone (1974) le ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le borobabongwe (1979).<ref>P.L., Steenkamp. [http://www.electionpassport.com/files/BW-1974GenlRptSelParts.pdf ''Report to the Minister of State on the General Elections, 1974'' (PDF]) (1974&nbsp;ed.). Botswana Supervisor of Elections. p.&nbsp;19.</ref> Ka nako ya gagwe, o ne a gogagogana le [[:en:Kenneth_Koma|Kenneth Koma]] ka bogogi jwa phathi, o e neng e le leloko la ntlha la phathi e o. Ka nako ya bogogi jwa ga Bathoen, diphathi tsa kganetso di ne di iphitlhela di thibeletswe fela mo go tsa merafe mme di sa kgone go itsetsepela kgatlhanong le BDP. Bathoen o ne a ikgogela morago kwa palamenteng ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bone (1984),a sutela tlhopho ya ga Koma jaaka moeteledipele wa kganetso. O ne a tlhomiwa tautona wa kgotlatshekelo ngwaga o o latelang, maemo a o o nnile mo go one go fitlhelela a tlhokafala.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240105180021/https://www.eisa.org/where-we-work/ "EISA Botswana: The October 1989 General Election".] ''www.eisa.org''. Retrieved 22 April 2023.</ref> O ne a tswelela ka go tshwayadiphoso puso le boeteledi jwa ga Koma kwa BNF, a rotloetsa go simolodisiwa ga Botswana Freedom Party (BFP) ka ngwaga wa 1980, le ntswa a ne a seka a nna moeteledipele wa yone. O ne a tlhokafala ka ngwaga wa sekete , makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bobedi (1992), ka kgwedi ya Phalane a le malatsi a mararo a le dingwaga di le masome a ferabobedi le bobedi. == Metswedi == iaelhoczrrofeuufowo53n51ncra2oo 0 9418 53573 35615 2026-07-29T15:47:44Z Lucrucia98 12161 53573 wikitext text/x-wiki [https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/141107 Bayapo Ndori] ke motabogi wa lefatshe la [[Botswana]] o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe (1999) ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi ale masome a mabedi<ref>"[https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/141107&#x20;&#x22;Bayapo&#x20;Ndori&#x22; Bayapo Ndori"]. ''Olympedia''. Retrieved 7 August 2021.</ref>".O ne a gaisanya mo dikgaisanyong tsa [[:en:2020_Summer_Olympicssummer olympics|Summer Olympics]] tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi (2020) mo mabelong a borre ba le bane a neelano a motabogi mongwe le mongwe a tabogang makgolo ale mane a di mmithara [[:en:Athletics_at_the_2020_Summer_Olympics_–_Men's_4_×_400_metres_relay4*400 relays|4*400m relays]] ko baneng ba ikgapela seetsele sa bronze.<ref>[https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/athletics/result-men-s-4-x-400m-relay-rnd1-000100-.htm "Athletics: Men's 4 x 400m Relay Results". ''Tokyo 2020''. Archived from the original] on 6 August 2021. Retrieved 7 August 2021.</ref> == METSWEDI == kmxsyhythkjhgvra2gajnbq0au599rd 0 9420 53556 53405 2026-07-29T12:03:43Z Lucrucia98 12161 #Wikipedia25BW ke feleleditse tsebe ya Busang Kebinatshipi 53556 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox sportsperson|name=Busang Collen Kebinatshipi|nationality=[[Botswana]]|birth_date={{birth date and age|2004|2|13|df=yes}}|sport=[[Track and Field|Athletics]]|event=[[400m]]|medaltemplates=<!-- see [[Template:MedalRelatedTemplates]] --> {{MedalCountry | {{BOT}} }} {{MedalCompetition | [[IAAF World Relays|World Relays]] }} {{MedalGold|[[2024 IAAF World Relays|2024 Nassau]]|[[2024 IAAF World Relays – Men's 4 × 400 metres relay|4×400&nbsp;m relay]]}} {{MedalCompetition|[[African Games]]}} {{Medal|Silver|[[2023 African Games|2023 Accra]]|[[Athletics at the 2023 African Games – Men's 4 × 400 metres relay|4x400&nbsp;m relay]]}} {{Medal|Silver|2023 Accra|[[Athletics at the 2023 African Games – Mixed 4 × 400 metres relay|Mixed 4x400&nbsp;m relay]]}} {{MedalCompetition|[[African Championships in Athletics|African Championships]]}} {{Medal|Gold|[[2022 African Championships in Athletics|2022 Saint Pierre]]|[[2022 African Championships in Athletics – Men's 4 × 400 metres relay|4×400 m relay]]}} {{Medal|Gold|2022 Saint Pierre|[[2022 African Championships in Athletics – Mixed 4 × 400 metres relay|Mixed 4×400 m relay]]}} {{Medal|Competition|[[World Athletics U20 Championships|World U20 Championships]]}} {{Medal|Gold|[[2021 World Athletics U20 Championships|2021 Nairobi]]|[[2021 World Athletics U20 Championships – Men's 4 × 400 metres relay|4×400 m relay]]}} {{Medal|Competition|[[African U20 Championships in Athletics|African U20 Championships]]}} {{Medal|Gold|[[2023 African U18 and U20 Championships in Athletics|2023 Ndola]]|400 m hurdles}} {{Medal|Gold|2023 Ndola|4x400 m relay}}|show-medals=yes}} '''Busang Collen Kebinatshipi''' (yo o tshotsweng ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone(2004) ke motabogi yo o tswang kwa Botswana. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro, o ne a nna mampodi wa Aferika wa lebelo la dimetara dile makgolo a mane mo go ba ba dingwaga tse di ka fa tlase ga masome a mabedi.<ref name=":0">"[https://worldathletics.org/athletes/botswana/busang-collen-kebinatshipi-14935809 B.Kebinatshipi]". ''World Athletics''. Retrieved 21 August 2023.</ref> == Tiro == O fentse seetsele sa gauta mo lebelong la dimetara dile makgolo a mane kwa dikgaisanyong tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro tsa Aferika tsa ba ba kwa tlase ga dingwaga tse di lesome le boferabobedi le ba ba kwa tlase ga dingwaga tse di masome a mabedi kwa Ndola, Zambia a tlhoma rekote ya dikgaisanyo tseo ka nako ya disekonte di le 44.91. Kebinatshipi e ne e le leloko la setlhopha sa motabogo wa neelano sa 4x400m sa borre sa Botswana, se se neng sa fenya gauta kwa dikgaisanyong tsa World Athletics U20 Championships kwa [[Nairobi]] ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bongwe.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20230821155435/https://gambakwe.com/2021/08/23/mokgweetsi-masisi-congratulates-4x400m-relay-team-for-winning-a-gold-medal-at-the-world-under-20-athletics-championships/ Mokgweetsi Masisi congratulates 4x400m relay team for winning a gold medal at the World under-20 athletics championships]". ''gambakwe.com''. August 23, 2021.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi, o ne a isa nako ya gagwe e e gaisang kwa tlase mo lebelong la dimetara tse makgolo a mane go ya kwa disekonteng tse 45.20.<ref>"[https://worldathletics.org/news/feature/road-cali-tebogo-clayton-wanyonyi-topic Road to Cali 22 – the state of play with one month to go]". ''World Athletics''. 1 July 2022. Retrieved 21 August 2023.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi, o ne a fenya digauta e le leloko la setlhopha sa motabogo wa neelano sa 4x400m sa borre sa Botswana le se se tlhakaneng sa 4x400m kwa 2022 African Championships.<ref>Kolantsho, Calistus (June 4, 2022). "[https://www.mmegi.bw/ampArticle/103830 Strong team for Africa Senior Champs]". ''mmegi.bw''.</ref><ref>"[https://guardiansun.co.bw/sports/athletics/new-crop-of-athletes-emerge New crop of athletes emer]ge". ''Guardian Sun''. June 17, 2022. Retrieved 21 June 2023.</ref> O fentse lebelo la dimetara tse lekgolo kwa mabelong a 2023 African U18 le U20 Championships kwa Ndola, Zambia, ka Moranang wa 2023, a taboga rekote ya bokopano joo ya 44.91.<ref>"[https://nation.africa/kenya/sports/athletics/kenyans-impress-in-africa-athletics-junior-event-4219680 Kenyans impress in Africa Athletics Junior]". ''nation.africa''. May 1, 2023. Retrieved 21 August 2023.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20231002102846/https://sportronics.co.zm/Results/NDOLA2023/event037h01.html 400m Results]". ''sportronics.co.zm''. 29 April 2023. Retrieved 8 May 2023.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosio ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro , o ne a taboga 45.01 go fenya bokopano jwa mafatshefatshe kwa Hengelo, Netherlands a fenya lebelo le le neng le na le batabogi ba mafatshefatshe , ba akaretsa [[Vernon Norwood]] le [[Zakithi Nene]].<ref>Jonckheere, Karien (6 June 2023). "[https://supersport.com/athletics/general/news/6dbab343-eb3b-4dc4-9da3-4a5e22c4fca6/africa-watch---kipyegon-wr-leads-african-charge AFRICA WATCH - Kipyegon WR leads African charge]". ''Supersport.com''. Retrieved 21 August 2023.</ref> Fa a taboga kwa dikgaisanyong tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro ([[2023 World Athletics Championships]] kwa Budapest, o ne a isa nako ya gagwe e gaisang mo lebelong la dimetara di le makgolo a mane kwa tlase kwa go 44.80 go fetela kwa seka-magaolakgannyeng.<ref>"[https://www.watchathletics.com/page/4551/men-s-400m-results-world-athletics-championships-2023 Men's 400m Results: World Athletics Championships 2023]". ''Watch Athletics''. 20 August 2023. Retrieved 20 August 2023.</ref> === 2024: Motshameki wa metshameko ya Diolimpiki === O ne a taboga jaaka karolo ya Botswana 4 × 400 m relay team e e neng ya ikwadisetsa ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024 [[Paris Olympics]] kwa 2024 World Relays Championships kwa Nassau, Bahamas.<ref>[https://worldathletics.org/competitions/world-athletics-relays/bahamas24/results/men/4x400-metres-relay/final/startlist "4X400 METRES RELAY"]. ''World Athletics''. 5 May 2024. Retrieved 12 May 2024.</ref> O ne a gaisana mo Metshamekong ya Di-Olympic tsa Selemo sa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024) mo metshamekong ya dimetara tse makgolo a mane ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone(2024), a dira nako e e gaisang ya gagwe go fitlha kwa makgaolakgannyeng.<ref>[https://www.watchathletics.com/page/5841/men-s-400m-results-paris-olympic-games-2024-athletics "Men's 400m Hurdles Results - Paris Olympic Games 2024 Athletics".] ''Watch Athletics''. 7 August 2024. Retrieved 29 August 2024</ref> O ne gape a gaisana mo kgaisanong ya banna ya 4 × 400 m relay kwa Metshamekong, a gapa sekgele sa selefera le setlhopha sa Botswana sa relay.<ref>[https://www.watchathletics.com/page/5863/men-s-4x400m-relay-results-paris-olympic-games-2024-athletics "Men's 4 x 400 Metres Relay - Paris Olympic Games 2024 Athletics".] ''Watch Athletics''. 10 August 2024. Retrieved 28 December 2024</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref>[https://www.nbcolympics.com/athletes/collen-kebinatshipi-41607 "'''Collen Kebinatshipi'''"]. ''NBC Olympics''.</ref> === 2025: Mmampodi wa Lefatshe === O ne a taboga metsotswana e le 44.53 go fetsa a le wa boraro mo metareng e le makgolo a mane kwa kgaisanong ya [[Xiamen Diamond League]] ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masoma a mabedi le botlhano (202)5 kwa China, ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025). <ref>[https://www.watchathletics.com/page/6564/results-xiamen-diamond-league-2025 "Results - Xiamen Diamond League 2025"]. ''Watch Athletics''. 26 April 2025. Retrieved 2 May 2025.</ref> O ne gape a fetsa a le wa boraro mo metshamekong ya 400 metres kwa [[Shanghai Diamond League]] kwa China ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e thola boraro ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025), ka nako ya 44.63 seconds. <ref>[https://www.watchathletics.com/page/6590/results-shanghai-suzhou-diamond-league-2025 "Results - Shanghai/Suzhou Diamond League 2025".] ''Watch Athletics''. 3 May 2025. Retrieved 5 May 2025.</ref>O ne a taboga ka metsotswana e le 44.51 a le mo maemong a boraro mo metareng e le makgolo a mane (400) kwa kgaisanong ya Diamond League kwa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano ([[2025 Golden Gala]] )kwa Roma ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e le borataro ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025).<ref>[https://www.watchathletics.com/page/6705/results-rome-diamond-league-golden-gala-2025 "Results - Rome Diamond League Golden Gala 2025".] ''Watch Athletics''. 6 June 2025. Retrieved 7 June 2025.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang wa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025), Kebinatshipi o ne a fetsa mo maemong a bobedi mo kgaisanong ya dimetara di le makgolo a mabedi (200) kwa [[FNB Botswana Golden Grand Prix]], e e neng ya dira gore a tshwanelegele go tsenela Dikgaisano tsa Lefatshe.<ref>[https://www.mmegi.bw/sports/kebinatshipi-to-shift-from-400m-to-200m/news "Kebinatshipi to shift from 400m to 200m: Olympic silver medallist, '''Collen Kebinatshipi''', has said he will shift from his preferred 400m to run in the 200m in the next two years".] ''Mmegi Online''. 18 April 2025. <q>Kebinatshipi decided to compete in the 200m over the weekend at the FNB Golden Grand Prix. In an unfamiliar terrain, Kebinatshipi stormed to 20.13s in the 200m finishing second in the race which saw him qualify for the World Championships.</q></ref>Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025), o ne a nna wa bobedi mo lobelong lwa banna lwa U23 lwa dimetara tse makgolo a mabedi (200) kwa Herculis 2025, morago ga mofenyi wa lobelo Gout Gout, a taboga ka metsotswana e le 20.28.<ref>[https://www.olympics.com/en/news/meeting-herculis-2025-gout-gout-headwind-win-monaco-u23-race "Meeting Herculis 2025: Gout Gout runs quick 20.10 into headwind to win Monaco u23 men's 200m race".] ''Olympics.com''. 11 July 2025. Retrieved 14 July 2025.</ref>O ne a nna wa bosupa ka 400 metres kwa [[Diamond League Fina]]<nowiki/>l kwa Zurich ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi.<ref>Collett, Jasmine (28 August 2025). [https://www.watchathletics.com/page/6951/results-zurich-diamond-league-weltklasse-2025 "Results - Weltklasse Zurich Diamond League 2025".] ''Watch Athletics''. Retrieved 29 August 2025.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025), o ne a nna mmampodi wa lefatshe wa go feta dimetara di le makgolo a mane (400) a gaisana mo Metshamekong ya Lefatshe ya Athletics ya 2025 kwa Tokyo, Japane. O ne a taboga ka metsotswana e le 44.48 go ya kwa makgaolakgannyeng, pele a fenya mo makgaolakgannyeng ka metsotswana e le 43.61. O ne a fenya makgaolakgang ka rekoto e nngwe gape ya gagwe le rekoto ya bosetšhaba ya Botswana ya metsotswana e le 43.53.<ref>[https://worldathletics.org/competition/calendar-results/results/7190593?eventId=10229631 "World Athletics Championships, Tokyo 2025".] ''World Athletics''. 18 September 2025. Retrieved 18 September 2025.</ref>Moragonyana o ne a gapa sekgele sa gouta jaaka karolo ya setlhopha sa Botswana mo kgaisanong ya banna ya [[4 × 400 metres relay]].<ref>[https://worldathletics.org/competition/calendar-results/results/7190593?eventId=204595 "World Athletics Championships, Tokyo 2025".] ''World Athletics''. 20 September 2025. Retrieved 26 September 2025.</ref> === 2026: Motho yo o tshwereng rekoto ya Diamond League === Kebinatshipi o ne a taboga ka metsotswana e le 44.55 mo lobelong lwa gagwe lwa ntlha lwa makgolo a mane (400 m) mo ngwageng ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le borataro (2026), gape a taboga ka metsotswana e le 9.75 mo lobelong lwa 100 m a thusiwa ke phefo mo kgweding eo. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le borataro (2026), o ne a taboga ka metsotswana e le 9.89 mo metareng di le lekgolo (100) mo semi-finaleng (0.8 m/s) le go fenya makgaolakgang (1.2 m/s) ya Botswana Championships. Ka go dira jalo, o ne a nna monna wa bone mo hisetoring go roba sekgala sa metsotswana e le masome a mane le bone (44) mo mabelong a 400 m le sekgala sa metsotswana e le lesome mo mabelong a 100 m, morago ga [[Wayde van Niekerk]], [[Michael Norman]] le [[Fred Kerley]].<ref>[https://worldathletics.org/news/report/collen-kebinatshipi-989-botswana-championships "Kebinatshipi clocks 9.89 at Botswana Championships"]. ''World Athletics''. 3 April 2026. Retrieved 2 April 2026.</ref> O ne a tsenela dikgaisano tsa [[2026 World Athletics Relays]] kwa [[Gaborone]], o ne a siana mo makgaolakgannyeng a banna a 4 × 400 m relay fa setlhopha sa Botswana se ne se dira rekoto ya setšhaba ya 2:54.47 go gapa sekgele sa gouta le go fetela kwa maemong a boraro mo lenaaneng la lefatshe lotlhe.<ref>[https://worldathletics.org/competitions/world-athletics-relays/gaborone26/news/report/gaborone-26-report-men-4x400m-final "Botswana bring World Relays to epic close with historic men's 4x400m win".] ''World Athletics''. 3 May 2026. Retrieved 3 May 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e le masome a mabedi le boraro, o ne a bona phenyo ya gagwe ya ntlha ya [[Diamond League]] mo botshelong jwa gagwe, a dira rekoto ya 43.92 kwa [[2026 Xiamen Diamond League]].<ref>[https://worldathletics.org/news/report/xiamen-diamond-league-2026-yan-russell "Yan and Russell reign supreme in Xiamen with second-best marks in history".] ''World Athletics''. 23 May 2026. Retrieved 23 May 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi, Kebinatshipi o ne a roba rekoto ya Diamond League ka 43.54 go fenya 400 metres kwa 2026 Meeting de Paris. <ref>[https://worldathletics.org/competitions/diamond-league/news/werro-kebinatshipi-paulino-meeting-paris-diamond-league-2026 "Werro, Kebinatshipi and Paulino break Diamond League records in Paris".] ''World Athletics''. 28 June 2026. Retrieved 28 June 2026.</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e thola bone , o ne a taboga 44.00 go fenya kwa 2026 Prefontaine Classic.<ref>[https://worldathletics.org/news/report/prefontaine-classic-eugene-2026-britt-russell-hiltz-taylor "Records fall as top-class clashes light up Eugene"]. ''World Athletics''. 4 July 2026. Retrieved 5 July 2026.</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e le lesome , o ne a taboga rekoto ya bosetšhaba ya 43.44 go tokafatsa rekoto ya gagwe ya Diamond League le go ya kwa maemong a borataro mo lenaaneng la lefatshe la nako yotlhe kwa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le borataro ([[2026 Herculis Diamond League]] kwa Monaco.<ref>[https://worldathletics.org/competitions/diamond-league/news/herculis-monaco-diamond-league-2026 "Wanyonyi breaks world 1000m record with 2:11.83 in Monaco".] ''World Athletics''. 10 July 2026. Retrieved 10 July 2026.</ref> == Metswedi == tai4ecx0i3njk0gsugshswsjh48y7hz 0 10769 53612 42737 2026-07-30T08:37:13Z Lucrucia98 12161 53612 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Philip Parcel Goanwe Matante''' ( o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e le masome a mabedi le botlhano ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le bobedi (1912) a bo a tlhokafala ka kgwedi ya Phalane e le masome a mabedi le botlhano ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le borobabongwe (1979) e ne e le rrabatho wa Motswana e bile e le mosimolodi wa [[Botswana People's Party|mokgatlho wa sepolotiki wa Botswana People's Party]] . E ne e le moeteledipele wa kganetso mo [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Palamenteng ya Botswana]] go tloga fa e tlhongwa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le botlhano (1965 )go fitlha a tlhokafala ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le borobabongwe (1979). == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Philip Parcel Goanwe Matante o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa sekete , makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mabedi le bongwe(1921) <ref>{{Citation|last=mokopakgosi|first=brian t mokopakgosibrian t|title=Matante, Philip|date=2011-01-01|work=Dictionary of African Biography|url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780195382075.001.0001/acref-9780195382075-e-1295|access-date=2024-11-01|publisher=Oxford University Press|language=en|doi=10.1093/acref/9780195382075.001.0001/acref-9780195382075-e-1295|isbn=978-0-19-538207-5}}</ref>. O tlhalositse fa rraagwe e ne e le Goanwe Matante wa [[Serowe]]. O ne a direla ba African Auxiliary Pioneer Corps mo Ntweng ya Lefatshe ya bobedi, e mo go yone a neng a le mongwe wa batho ba se kae fela mo sesoleng sa Borithane go tshwara maemo a sejente ntleng ga botlotlegi jo bo kwa godimo. Matante o ne a fudugela kwa [[Francistown]] ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le bosupa (1957), kwa a neng e le mookamedi wa lebentlele gape e le Tona. O ne a nna mongwe wa basimolodi ba babedi ba [[Tatitown Cultural Organisation|Mokgatlho wa Setso wa Tatitown]] ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le borobabongwe (1959). Mmogo le [[K. T. Motsete|KT Motsete]] le Motsamai Mpho, Matante o ne a simolola mokgatlho wa sepolotiki wa [[Botswana People's Party|Bechuanaland People's Party]], le morago le neng la bidiwa Botswana People's Party (BPP) . Ka mokgatlho o, o ne a nna kgatlhanong le Bosireletsi jwa Borithane mo kgaolong, a bo tlhalosa e le jwa kgetlhololo ka letso le mmala mme e bile a amanya ditsamaiso tsa jone le mathata a batho. Matante o ne a supa fa go tshwarwa ga baganetsi ba sepolotiki e le bosupi jwa gore Botswana o ne a fetogile go nna wa puso ya sepodisi, le fa kganetso e ne e tshosetsa gore e tlaa tsena mo tirisodikgokeng ya sepolotiki . O ne gape a nganga ka gore United Kingdom ga e kgone go sireletsa lefatshe la Botswana mo matshosetsing a mafatshe a sele. Ka ntlha ya mabaka a, ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bobedi (1962) o ne a batla boipuso gone foo fela, e seng go feta tshimologo ya ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le borato (1963). Fa se se sa diragale, o ne a swetsa ka gore "Borisireletsi ga bo kitla bo kgona go bona boipuso ka tsela epe fela fa e se ya phetogo ya dikgoka", mme go bolelwa fa a ile a aga sesole se sennye sa digogela-tlhoko go diragatsa seo. == Metswedi == kaelm4e17x3r6pyxlpon4eciipj78n5 0 10781 53613 41160 2026-07-30T08:51:53Z Lucrucia98 12161 53613 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gaobamong Kenneth Shololo Koma''' (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi ale masome a mabedi le bosupa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mabedi le boraro (1923 )– o tlhokafetse ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo etlhola malatsi ale lesome le boferabongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bosupa (2007), o itsege that's ka leina la Kk<ref name=":0">Modise, Oliver (20 March 2007). "[https://www.mmegi.bw/news/kenneth-koma-is-no-more/news Kenneth Koma is no more".] [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mmegi_Online Mmegi Online]. Retrieved 15 September 2023</ref> ene ele motlhalefi le mopolotiki wa lefatshe la Botswana yo o berekileng ele moeteledipele wa leloko la [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botswana_National_Front Botswana National Front] (BNF), leloko le letona la kganetso go simolola ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bosupa (1977) go ya kwa ngwageng wa Dikete tse pedi le bongwe (2001). O berekileng gale ele leloko la [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Assembly_of_Botswana kokoano ya bosetshaba] la Botswana a emetse kgaolo ya [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaborone_South Gaborone Borwa] go simolola ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bone (1984) go ya ko ngwageng wa dikete tse pedi le bone ( 2004) o tshwere maemo a [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(Botswana) Moeteledipele wa kganetso] go simolola ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bone (1984) go ema ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le boraro (2003).A bapisiwa le [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bathoen_Gaseitsiwe Bathoen Gaseitsiwe] le [[Philip Matante|Philip Matante,]] o tsewa e le mongwe wa baeteledipele ba bagolo ba kganetso mo dingwageng di le masome a mararo tsa ntlha tsa dingwaga tsa ntlha tsa puso ya [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botswana_Democratic_Party Botswana Democratic Party] (BDP) go nna teng<ref name=":1">Morton, Fred; Ramsay, Jeff; Mgadla, Part Themba (23 April 2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=PUwlAgAAQBAJ&q=Koma&pg=PA211 Historical Dictionary of Botswana]. [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scarecrow_Press Scarecrow Press]. [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) ISBN] [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-6404-7 978-0-8108-6404-7.]</ref><ref name=":2">Basimanebotlhe, Tsaone (18 November 2015). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/bnf-unveils-komas-tombstone/news "BNF unveils Koma's tombstone"]. [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mmegi_Online Mmegi Online]. Retrieved 15 September 2023</ref><ref name=":3">[https://www.sundaystandard.info/critical-review-of-dr-christian-makgalaocos-article-on-kenneth-koma-and-the-bdp-who-used-whom/ Critical review of Dr Christian Makgala's article on Kenneth Koma and the BDP: Who used whom?] | Sunday Standard". 22 April 2007. Retrieved 15 September 2023.</ref> {{Infobox officeholder|name=Kenneth Koma|image=File:Kenneth Koma.jpg|office=Leader of the Opposition (Botswana){{!}}Leader of the Opposition|term_start1=2 December 1984|term_end1=1 August 2003|president=Quett Masire Festus Mogae|predecessor1=Bathoen Gaseitsiwe|successor1=Nehemiah Modubule|office2=President of the otswana National Front|term_start2=23 April 1977|term_end2=25 November 2001|predecessor2=Bathoen Gaseitsiwe|successor2=Otsweletse Moupo|office3=Member of Parliament (Botswana){{!}}Member of Parliament for Gaborone South|term_start3=2 December 1984|term_end3=17 October 2004|predecessor3=Peter Mmusi|successor3=Akanyang Magama|birth_date=27 July 1923|death_place=Mahalapye,Botswana|birth_place=Mahalapye,Bechuanaland|death_date=27 July 1923-19 March 2007|nationality=Botswana, Motswana|party=Botswana National Front}} Go tsaya karolo mo sepolotiking ga ga Kenneth Koma kwa ntlheng go simolotse ka ngwaga tsa bo sekete , makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano (1950)ha ane a eme [[Seretse Khama]] nokeng mo go lweleng boipuso jwa [[Bechuanaland]] go tswa ka fa tlase ga Tshirelotso Ya Borithane. Le fa go ntse jalo, morago ga boipuso o ne a ikgogela morago mo go Khama abo a nna mongwe wa bakgadi ba gagwe.ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le botlhano (1965), Koma o tshamekile karolo e e maleba mo go tlhamiweng ga leloko la [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botswana_National_Front Botswana National Front] a engwe nokeng ke moeteledipele wa morafe ebong [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bathoen_Gaseitsiwe Bathoen Gaseitsiwe].Koma o lemogiwa ele "[https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_socialist moitseanape wa botsalano"] gape o eteletse pele lekoko mo teng ga lekoko le le neng le buelela [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_socialism botsalano jwa Aforika]. Le fa go ne go na le dipharologano tsa bone tsa dikgopolo, o ne a tshwaraganela boeteledipele le Bathoen, e leng [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditionalist_conservative motshegetsi wa setso] ka maiteko a go tlhama sepolotiki sa maatla a a diretsweng go araba letlhoko la lefatshe. Mo dingwageng tse di masome a mabedi tsa ntlha morago ga boipuso,Koma o nnile le dipoelo morago tse di boelelang tsa ditlhopho,lebaka ele go tsenelela ga ga Bathoen ka maikaelelo ago kgaphela kwa thoko boeteledipele jwa gagwe. Le fa go ntse jalo,o Ile a fenya mo go tlhophiweng ele ene Moeteledipele wa leloko la BNF ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bosupa (1977). Mme Bathoen one a tswelela go mo kgaphela kwa thoko mo sepolotiking. Ka ngwaga wa sekete , makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bone (1984),Koma o ne a latlhegelwa go Mothusa Tautona [[Peter Mmusi]] wa leloko la BDP mo [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaborone_South kgaolong ya Gaborone Borwa] le fa go na le dikgang tsa gore go nnile le [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electoral_fraud boherehere mo ditlhophong]. Ka ntlha ya go tlogela tiro ga ga Bathoen,Koma o Ile a tsaya maemo a go nna modulasetilo abo a nna [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(Botswana) Moeteledipele wa Kganetso]. Boeteledipele jwa ga Koma bo ne jwa nna le kgolo e e bonalang mo katlegong ya ditlhopho tsa kganetso mo tsamaisong ya [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominant_party_system makoko a a laolang] mo Botswana. BNF e ne ya tsaya taolo ya bontsi jwa mafelo a magolo a ditoropo ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bone ([https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/1984_Botswana_general_election 1984] )mme ya tliisa seno ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe ([https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/1989_Botswana_general_election 1989]),ya feta ditlhopha tse dingwe tsa sepolotiki go itlhoma jaaka lekoko le le nosi, kwa ntle ga BDP, le le nang le tlhotlheletso ya lefatshe ka bophara. Koma o ne a gatelela puso ya ga [[Quett Masire]] go dira diphetogo, go tokafatsa go, nna mo mpepeneneng ga tsamaiso ya ditlhopho. Ka fa tlase ga boeteledipele jwa gagwe, BNF e ne ya fitlhelela maduo a yone a a gaisang mo [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/1994_Botswana_general_election ditlhophong tsa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bone(1994] mme go fitlha ga jaana e santse e le phesente e e kwa godimo ya ditlhopho tsa batho e e fitlheletsweng ke lekoko lepe la kganetso mo Botswana, ene ya bona manno a le lesome le boraro mo go a le masome a mane a palamente. Mo pakeng e e latelang, Koma o ne a lebagana le kgotlhang ya boeteledipele le lekoko le lennye mo teng ga lekoko, le le neng le eteletswe pele ke [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Dingake Michael Dingake], yo o neng a leka go mo tlosa mo setilong kwa bofelong jwa dingwaga tsa bo sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe (1999). Le fa maiteko a bone a ne a palelwa, lekoko le le neng la tswa la [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botswana_Congress_Party Botswana Congress Party], le ne la itaya BNF thata ka nako ya [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/1999_Botswana_general_election ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe (1999]. Koma o ne a tlogela tiro ya boeteledipele jwa BNF morago ga go fenngwa gone mo,mo bogareng jwa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi (2000) mme a tlogela tiro jaaka Moeteledipele wa Kganetso ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le boraro (2003). O ne a tlogela tiro mo Palamenteng kwa bofelong jwa paka ya gagwe ya bone ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone (2004).<ref name=":1" /> == Botshelo Jwa Gagwe le Loso == Mo dingwageng tsa gagwe tsa bofelo, Koma o ne a tswa mo BNF ka lekoko la gagwe le ne la latlhegelwa ke taolo ya lekoko. O nnile le seabe se se botlhokwa thata mo go tlhomiweng ga [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Democratic_Front_(Botswana) New Democratic Front], mme dikgang tsa botsogo di ne tsa mo pateletsa go tlogela tiro mo lebaleng la sepolotiki.<ref name=":0" />Koma o ne a tlhokafala ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bosupa (2007) a le dingwaga di le masome a boferabobedi le boraro mme a bolokwa fela mo go iketlileng kwa motseng wa gaabo wa [[Mahalapye]]. == Boswa == Jaaka moeteledipele yo o tlhageletseng wa sepolotiki yo o nang le maemo a a kwa godimo mo Botswana pele le morago ga boipuso, boswa jwa ga Koma jwa sepolotiki bo aname e bile bo na le dikganetsano.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /> Batshegetsi ba gagwe ba sireletsa botlhabani jwa gagwe jwa sepolotiki jo bo sa bolong go nna teng, boineelo jwa gagwe mo melaometheong ya [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialism botsalano], maiteko a gagwe a go rotloetsa [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratization temokerasi] e kgolo mo teng ga tsamaiso ya sepolotiki ya Botswana, le seabe sa gagwe mo katlegong ya ditlhopho tsa BNF mo dingwageng di le lesome go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi (1980) go fitlha ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe (1990).<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" />Le fa go ntse jalo, batshwayadiphoso ba gagwe ba belaela [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authoritarian_leadership_style boeteledipele jwa gagwe jwa bobusaesi] mo teng ga lekoko, bogolosegolo morago ga go tsamaya ga ga Bathoen ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le botlhano (1985), mmogo le go nna le seabe ga gagwe mo dikgaoganong tsa kganetso tse di neng tsa senya tsholofelo e kgolo ya phenyo ya ditlhopho ka ngwaga wa Sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe (1999).<ref name=":3" /> Le fa go ne go na le dikganetsano tse, BNF le makoko a mantsi a a kgaoganeng a a tlhageletseng ka nako ya boeteledipele jwa gagwe a tsaya Koma jaaka tshupiso ya dikgopolo le ya sepolotiki.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":0" /> == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Baeteledipele ba kganetso]] [[Karolo:Batlhami ba leloko la Botswana National Front]] [[Karolo:Leloko la kokoano ya bosetshaba]] [[Karolo:Moitseanape wa botsalano]] [[Karolo:Ba ba tshotsweng ka 1923]] [[Karolo:Ba ba tlhokafetseng ka 2007]] [[Karolo:Ba ba lwetseng Boipuso]] [[Karolo:Mapolotiki a Botswana]] 3z7ffr418i2sg8sob818o6f9r3fec8l 0 10970 53617 42716 2026-07-30T09:02:21Z Lucrucia98 12161 53617 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Motsamai Keyecwe Mpho''' (O tshotswe ka ya Tlhakole e thola boraro ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mabedi le bongwe (1921) a bo a tlhokafala ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e le masome a mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bobedi (2012) e ne e le molweladitshwanelo le rapolotiki wa [[:en:Tswana_people|Motswana]]. O ne a tlhama lekoko la sepolotiki la ntlha mo Botswana, [[:en:Botswana_People's_Party|Botswana People's Party]], le le neng le itsiwe e le Bechuanaland People's Party pele, a na le [[Klaas Motshidisi]], [[Kgalemang Motsete]], le [[:en:Philip_Matante|Philip Matante]]. Le fa go ntse jalo, ka ntlha ya dikgotlhang mo gare ga lekoko, Mpho o ne a tswa mme a tlhama lekoko la [[:en:Botswana_Independence_Party|Botswana Independence Party]] ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bone (1964). O ne a dira gape e le lekoko la [[:en:National_Assembly_(Botswana)|Kokoano Bosetšhaba]].<ref>Morton, Fred; Ramsay, Jeff; Mgadla, Part Themba (2008). ''Historical Dictionary of Botswana'' (4th ed.). Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press. p. 148. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/0810854678|0810854678]]</bdi>.</ref> Badupaditso bangwe ba dumela fa Mpho e le ene motho wa ntlha go tsenya lefoko 'Botswana' mo puong ya sepolotiki, le sutisa lefoko la sekolone la [[:en:Bechuanaland_Protectorate|Bechuanaland]].<ref>[http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=1&aid=756&dir=2011/February/Monday7 "Mmegi Online :: Motsamai Mpho turns 90"]. ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 2018-01-14.</ref> O ne a nyala mosadi wa gagwe, Onalepelo Hannah Macheng, ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e le supa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro (1960), a sa le kgolegelong kwa Pretoria ka lebaka la boferefere (treason) mo [[Aforika Borwa]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230928153052/https://www.thepresidency.gov.za/national-orders/recipient/motsamai-keyecwe-mpho-1921 "Motsamai Keyecwe Mpho (1921 - ) | The Presidency"]. ''www.thepresidency.gov.za''. Retrieved 2018-01-14.</ref> Mpho e ne e le mongwe wa batho ba ntlha go opela [[:en:Fatshe_leno_la_rona|pina ya setšhaba ya Botswana]] morago ga go boa kwa bokopanong jwa [[:en:Pan-Africanism|sePan-Africa]] kwa [[:en:Ghana|Ghana]] ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bobedi (1972).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20171110005229/https://thevoicebw.com/motsamai-mpho-dies/ "MOTSAMAI MPHO DIES | TheVoiceBW"]. ''thevoicebw.com''. Retrieved 2018-01-14.</ref> Mpho o tlhokafaletse kwa sepatleleng sa Princess Marina mo Botswana ka kgwedi Ngwanatsele e le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bobedi (2012).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20161002043700/https://www.thevoicebw.com/motsamai-mpho-dies/ "Motsamai Mpho Dies"]. ''The Voice''. 1 December 2012. Retrieved 29 September 2016.</ref> == Dietsele == * Seetsele sa ga Tautona ya Bokgeleke mo Bodireding (Goromente wa Botswana) * [[:en:Order_of_the_Companions_of_O._R._Tambo|Tatelano ya Bapati ba ga O. R. Tambo]] (Goromente wa Aforika Borwa, ka kgwedi ya Moranang e le masome a mabedi le borataro ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano (2005) == Metswedi == b562xrk7fbr20ybumibeg073ufxuivb 0 11749 53563 52449 2026-07-29T13:43:48Z JudithShe 9421 Ke baakantse mafoko mangwe mo tsebeng e #Wikipedia25BW 53563 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Lemogang Kwape (profile).jpg|thumb|Lemogang Kwape]] '''Lemogang Kwape''' ke mopolotiki wa lefatshe la [[Botswana]], yo o berekileng e le Tona wa Merero ya mafatshe a Sele fa e sale ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi (2020). Gape e ne e le Mopalamente wa [[Kanye|Kanye Borwa]].<ref>[https://publicsectormag.net/2022/08/09/hon-dr-lemogang-kwape-minister-of-foreign-affairs-and-international-cooperation-botswana-named-aps-minister-of-the-week/ Hon Dr. Lemogang Kwape, Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation, Botswana, named APS Minister of the Week".] ''Africa Public Sector Magazine''. 2022-08-09. Retrieved 2022-09-03</ref> == Ditiro tsa Botona == * Tona wa Botsogo le Boitekanelo (go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi (2020)<ref>[https://www.pula24.co.bw/amp/news/678-several-batswana-disappointed-as-dr-kwape-is-dropped-as-health-minister/ Several Batswana disappointed as Dr Kwape is dropped as Health Minister - Pula24"]. ''www.pula24.co.bw''. Retrieved 2022-09-03.</ref> * Tona wa Merero ya mafatshe a sele le Tirisanommogo (fa e sale ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi (2020) == Metswedi == <references /> [[Karolo:Mapolotiki a Botswana]] [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] [[Karolo:Mapolotiki Botswana a dingwaga tsa dikete pedi le bongwe]] [[Karolo:Matona a mafatshe a sele a Botswana]] [[Karolo:Matona a Botsogo a Botswana]] [[Karolo:Maloko a khuduthamaga ya Botswana]] afpq3qeuchwwdg5lvfbr9vursmntayt 2 12694 53628 47461 2026-07-30T11:51:34Z P'kaytee 12489 Added draft 4 53628 wikitext text/x-wiki Leina la me la tiriso ke P'kaytee [[Modirisi:P'kaytee/|Draft 1]] * [[Modirisi:P'kaytee/|Draft 2]] * [[Modirisi:P'kaytee/|Draft 3]] * [[Draft 4]] gefmgzb3qe582ucw6cwxr5umsca8g4l 0 12733 53626 53016 2026-07-30T11:49:05Z Sgadle 12480 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1366793312|Lion]]" 53626 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tau''' ('''''Panthera leo''''') ke katse e kgolo ya mofuta wa ''Panthera'', e ga jaana e fitlhelelwang fela mo Aforika e e kwa Borwa jwa Sahara le kwa India. E na le mmele o o mesifa, wa sehuba se se sephara ; tlhogo e e khutshwane, e e kgolokgwe; ditsebe tse di kgolokwe; le karolo e e ntsho, e e tletseng moriri kwa ntlheng ya mogatla wa yona. Ditau tse ditonanyana tse di godileng di kgolo go feta tse di namagadi mme di na le moriri o o bonagalang sentle o o simololang mo tlhogong go fitlha kwa magetleng le mo sehubeng. Tau e nna mo mafelong a bojang, mo dithabeng le mo ditlhatshaneng . Ke phologolo e e jang diphologolo tse dingwe, tse dingwe tse di nang le ditlhako tse dikgolo le tse di magareng. Gantsi e nna motshegare go feta dikatse tse dingwe tsa naga, mme fa e tshosediwa, e tlwaela go nna matlhagatlhaga bosigo le fa go nna lefifi. Ke mofuta wa diphologolo tse di nnang mmogo, o o bopang ditlhopha tse di bidiwang segopa. Segopa saditau se na le dinamagadi tse di tsalanang le dinaane, le tse di mmalwa kgotsa e le nngwe e tonanyana e e godileng e e sa amaneng le tse di namagadi. Ditlhopha tsa ditau tse di namagadi gantsi di tsoma mmogo.Gontsi tse di godileng di gaisana gore a di ka tswelela di le maloko a segopa seo kana di ka nna tsa se bona. Ka nako ya metlha ya Bogologolo, ditau di ne di nna mo Afrika yotlhe le Eurasia, go tswa kwa Borwabotlhaba jwa Yuropa go ya kwa India. Le fa go ntse jalo, e fokoditswe go nna dipalopalo tse di kgaoganeng kwa Aforika e e kwa borwa jwa Sahara le palo e le nngwe kwa bophirima jwa India. E ntse e le mo lenaaneng la IUCN Red List jaaka e le mo kotsing go tloga ka 1996 ka ntlha ya gore dipalo tsa yone mo dinageng tsa Afrika di fokotsegile ka 43% fa e sa le mo masimologong a dingwaga tsa bo1990. Ditau ga di kgone go nna mo mafelong a mangwe kwa ntle ga mafelo a a sireleditsweng. Le fa gone go sa tlhaloganngwe sentle ka botlalo gore ke eng se se bakang go nyelela ga tsone, go latlhegelwa ke bonno jwa tsone le dikgotlhang le dikgotlhang le batho ke tsone tse di tshwenyang thata. == Ditshupiso ==   iwxjk21x5k2xrfjyap4mzmsw0id5zo6 0 12736 53598 47701 2026-07-30T02:34:16Z Atsile Edith 11759 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1364472506|African elephant]]" 53598 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ditlou tsa Aforika''' ke maloko a mofuta wa '''''Loxodonta''''' o o nang le mefuta e mebedi ya ditlou tse di tshelang, tlou ya sekgwa ya Aforika ( ''L. africana'' ) le tlou e nnye ya sekgwa sa Aforika ( ''L. cyclotis'' ) . Bobedi jo ke diphologolo tse di jang ditlhatsana tse di nang le letlalo le le bosetlha . Le fa go ntse jalo, di farologana ka bogolo le mmala wa lenaka ga mmogo le popego le bogolo jwa ditsebe le marapo a ditlhogo tsa tsone . jzubx8jlne83wbpkkjlq4v2jwuvnztn 53599 53598 2026-07-30T03:09:20Z Atsile Edith 11759 Ke senotse tsebe e #Wikipedia25BW 53599 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ditlou tsa Aforika''' ke maloko a [[:en:Genus_(biology)|mofuta]] wa '''''Loxodonta''''' o o nang le [[:en:Species|mefuta]] e mebedi ya [[:en:Elephant|ditlou]] tse di tshelang, tlou ya [[:en:African_bush_elephant|sekgwa ya Aforika]] ( ''L. africana'' ) le [[:en:African_forest_elephant|tlou e nnye ya sekgwa sa Aforika]] ( ''L. cyclotis'' ) . Bobedi jo ke diphologolo tse di jang [[:en:Herbivore|ditlhatsana]] tse di nang le letlalo le le [[:en:Skin|bosetlha]] . Le fa go ntse jalo, di farologana ka bogolo le mmala wa [[:en:Tusk|lenaka]] ga mmogo le popego le bogolo jwa [[:en:Ear|ditsebe]] le [[:en:Skull|marapo a ditlhogo]] tsa tsone . Mefuta ka bobedi e mo kotsing ya go nyelela go ya ka [[:en:IUCN_Red_List|Lenaane le Lehibidu la IUCN;]] go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2021, tlou ya sekgwa e tsewa e le mo [[:en:Endangered_species|kotsing ya go nyelela]] fa tlou ya sekgwa yone e tsewa e le mo [[:en:Critically_endangered|kotsing e e masisi]]. Di tshosediwa ke go [[:en:Habitat_loss|latlhegelwa ke bonno]] le go kgaogana, mmogo le go [[:en:Poaching|tsomiwa]] ga [[:en:Ivory_trade|kgwebisano ya dinaka]] tsa tlou e e seng ka fa molaong mo dinageng di le mmalwa tsa mefutafuta. ''Loxodonta'' ke nngwe ya mefuta e mebedi e e santseng e le teng mo lelapeng la [[:en:Elephantidae|Elephantidae]]. Leina le le kaya leino le le thata le le bopegileng jaaka teemane ya meno a tsone a meno a akwa morago mo ganong. [[:en:Fossil|Masalela a masaledi]] a mefuta ya Loxodonta a fitlhetswe mo Aforika, go simolola ka nako ya bofelo ya motlha wa Miocene (go tloga ka dingwaga di ka nna didikadike di le supa go ya kwa boratarong tse di fetileng) go ya pele. == Thuto ya mafoko == Leina la ''Loxodonta'' le tswa mo mafokong a [[:en:Ancient_Greek|Segerika sa Bogologolo]] λοξός (''loxós'', "go sekamela", "go kgabaganya") le ὀδούς (odoús, "leino"), le le kayang enamele e e bopegileng jaaka teemane ([[:en:Lozenge_(shape)|lozenge]]) ya [[:en:Molar_teeth|meno a a ko morago mo ganong]], e e farologaneng thata le ya sebopego se se dikologang sa enamele ya [[:en:Asian_elephant|tlou ya Asia]].<ref>Cuvier, F. (1825). "[[iarchive:histoirenaturel6geof/page/n115|Éléphants d'Afrique]]". In Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire, É.; Cuvier, F. (eds.). Histoire Naturelle des Mammifères, avec des figures originales, coloriées, dessinées d'après des animaux vivans. Vol. Tome 6. Paris: A. Belain. pp. 117–118.</ref> == Thulaganyo ya ditshedi le thutotlhagelelo == [[:en:Scientific_description|Tlhaloso ya ntlha ya saense]] ya tlou ya Aforika e kwadilwe ka ngwaga wa 1797 ke [[:en:Johann_Friedrich_Blumenbach|Johann Friedrich Blumenbach]], yo o neng a akantsha [[:en:Scientific_name|leina la saense]] la ''Elephas africanus''.<ref>Blumenbach, J. F. (1797). "[http://www.deutschestextarchiv.de/book/view/blumenbach_naturgeschichte_1797?p=147 2. Africanus]". Handbuch der Naturgeschichte [Handbook of Natural History] (Fifth ed.). Göttingen: Johann Christian Dieterich. p. 125.</ref> [[wiktionary:Loxodonta|''Loxodonte'']] e ne ya akantshiwa jaaka leina la kakaretso la tlou ya Aforika ke [[:en:Frédéric_Cuvier|Frédéric Cuvier]] ka ngwaga wa 1825. Mokwadi yo o sa itsiweng o ne a dirisa mopeleto wa Selatine wa ''Loxodonta'' ka ngwaga wa 1827.<ref>Anonymous (1827). "[[iarchive:zoologicaljourna318271828sowe/page/140|Analytical Notices of Books. Histoire Naturelle des Mammifères, avec des Figures originale, dessinées d'après des Animaux vivans; &c. Par MM. Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire, et F. Cuvier. Livraison 52 et 53".]] The Zoological Journal. 3 (9): 140–143.</ref> Mokwadi yo o ne a amogelwa jaaka molaodi ke [[:en:International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature|Molao wa Boditšhabatšhaba wa Maina a Diphologolo]] ka ngwaga wa 1999.<ref>[[:en:Jeheskel_Shoshani|Shoshani, J.]] (2005). "[http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=11500008 Genus Loxodonta]". In [[:en:Don_E._Wilson|Wilson, D.E.]]; Reeder, D.M (eds.). [http://www.google.com/books?id=JgAMbNSt8ikC&pg=PA91 Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference] (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 91. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-8221-0|978-0-8018-8221-0.]] [[:en:OCLC_(identifier)|OCLC]] [https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/62265494 62265494].</ref> ''Elephas (Loxodonta'') cyclotis e ne ya tshitshinngwa ke [[:en:Paul_Matschie|Paul Matschie]] ka ngwaga wa 1900, yo o neng a tlhalosa [[:en:Zoological_specimen|dikao]] [[:en:Zoological_specimen|tsa diphologolo]] tse tharo tsa ditlou tsa Aforika go tswa kwa Cameroon tse [[:en:Skull|marapo a ditlhogo]] tsa tsone di neng di farologana ka popego le tsa ditlhogo tsa ditlou tse di kokoantsweng gongwe le gongwe mo Aforika.<ref>Matschie, P. (1900). [[iarchive:sitzungsberichte1900gese/page/194|"Geographische Abarten des Afrikanischen Elefanten"]]. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin. 3: 189–197.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1936, [[:en:Glover_Morrill_Allen|Glover Morrill Allen]] o ne a tsaya tlou e e le mofuta o o farologaneng mme a e bitsa 'tlou ya sekgwa';<ref>Allen, G. M. (1936). "Zoological results of the George Vanderbilt African Expedition of 1934. Part II — The forest elephant of Africa". Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 88: 15–44. [[:en:JSTOR_(identifier)|JSTOR]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/4064188 4064188].</ref> bakwadi ba moragonyana ba ne ba e tsaya e le [[:en:Subspecies|mofutapotlana]].Ditshekatsheko tsa popego le tsa dijini fa e sa le di neelana ka bosupi jwa dipharologano tsa maemo a mefuta magareng ga tlou ya sekgwa ya Aforika le tlou ya sekgwa ya Aforika.[9][10][11][12][13] q9pvih7ddcbr1g2uj0utrok8ivrdb3r 53601 53599 2026-07-30T04:10:36Z Atsile Edith 11759 Ke senotse tsebe e #Wikipedia25BW 53601 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ditlou tsa Aforika''' ke maloko a [[:en:Genus_(biology)|mofuta]] wa '''''Loxodonta''''' o o nang le [[:en:Species|mefuta]] e mebedi ya [[:en:Elephant|ditlou]] tse di tshelang, tlou ya [[:en:African_bush_elephant|sekgwa ya Aforika]] ( ''L. africana'' ) le [[:en:African_forest_elephant|tlou e nnye ya sekgwa sa Aforika]] ( ''L. cyclotis'' ) . Bobedi jo ke diphologolo tse di jang [[:en:Herbivore|ditlhatsana]] tse di nang le letlalo le le [[:en:Skin|bosetlha]] . Le fa go ntse jalo, di farologana ka bogolo le mmala wa [[:en:Tusk|lenaka]] ga mmogo le popego le bogolo jwa [[:en:Ear|ditsebe]] le [[:en:Skull|marapo a ditlhogo]] tsa tsone . Mefuta ka bobedi e mo kotsing ya go nyelela go ya ka [[:en:IUCN_Red_List|Lenaane le Lehibidu la IUCN;]] go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2021, tlou ya sekgwa e tsewa e le mo [[:en:Endangered_species|kotsing ya go nyelela]] fa tlou ya sekgwa yone e tsewa e le mo [[:en:Critically_endangered|kotsing e e masisi]]. Di tshosediwa ke go [[:en:Habitat_loss|latlhegelwa ke bonno]] le go kgaogana, mmogo le go [[:en:Poaching|tsomiwa]] ga [[:en:Ivory_trade|kgwebisano ya dinaka]] tsa tlou e e seng ka fa molaong mo dinageng di le mmalwa tsa mefutafuta. ''Loxodonta'' ke nngwe ya mefuta e mebedi e e santseng e le teng mo lelapeng la [[:en:Elephantidae|Elephantidae]]. Leina le le kaya leino le le thata le le bopegileng jaaka teemane ya meno a tsone a meno a akwa morago mo ganong. [[:en:Fossil|Masalela a masaledi]] a mefuta ya Loxodonta a fitlhetswe mo Aforika, go simolola ka nako ya bofelo ya motlha wa Miocene (go tloga ka dingwaga di ka nna didikadike di le supa go ya kwa boratarong tse di fetileng) go ya pele. == Thuto ya mafoko == Leina la ''Loxodonta'' le tswa mo mafokong a [[:en:Ancient_Greek|Segerika sa Bogologolo]] λοξός (''loxós'', "go sekamela", "go kgabaganya") le ὀδούς (odoús, "leino"), le le kayang enamele e e bopegileng jaaka teemane ([[:en:Lozenge_(shape)|lozenge]]) ya [[:en:Molar_teeth|meno a a ko morago mo ganong]], e e farologaneng thata le ya sebopego se se dikologang sa enamele ya [[:en:Asian_elephant|tlou ya Asia]].<ref>Cuvier, F. (1825). "[[iarchive:histoirenaturel6geof/page/n115|Éléphants d'Afrique]]". In Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire, É.; Cuvier, F. (eds.). Histoire Naturelle des Mammifères, avec des figures originales, coloriées, dessinées d'après des animaux vivans. Vol. Tome 6. Paris: A. Belain. pp. 117–118.</ref> == Thulaganyo ya ditshedi le thutotlhagelelo == [[:en:Scientific_description|Tlhaloso ya ntlha ya saense]] ya tlou ya Aforika e kwadilwe ka ngwaga wa 1797 ke [[:en:Johann_Friedrich_Blumenbach|Johann Friedrich Blumenbach]], yo o neng a akantsha [[:en:Scientific_name|leina la saense]] la ''Elephas africanus''.<ref>Blumenbach, J. F. (1797). "[http://www.deutschestextarchiv.de/book/view/blumenbach_naturgeschichte_1797?p=147 2. Africanus]". Handbuch der Naturgeschichte [Handbook of Natural History] (Fifth ed.). Göttingen: Johann Christian Dieterich. p. 125.</ref> [[wiktionary:Loxodonta|''Loxodonte'']] e ne ya akantshiwa jaaka leina la kakaretso la tlou ya Aforika ke [[:en:Frédéric_Cuvier|Frédéric Cuvier]] ka ngwaga wa 1825. Mokwadi yo o sa itsiweng o ne a dirisa mopeleto wa Selatine wa ''Loxodonta'' ka ngwaga wa 1827.<ref>Anonymous (1827). "[[iarchive:zoologicaljourna318271828sowe/page/140|Analytical Notices of Books. Histoire Naturelle des Mammifères, avec des Figures originale, dessinées d'après des Animaux vivans; &c. Par MM. Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire, et F. Cuvier. Livraison 52 et 53".]] The Zoological Journal. 3 (9): 140–143.</ref> Mokwadi yo o ne a amogelwa jaaka molaodi ke [[:en:International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature|Molao wa Boditšhabatšhaba wa Maina a Diphologolo]] ka ngwaga wa 1999.<ref>[[:en:Jeheskel_Shoshani|Shoshani, J.]] (2005). "[http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=11500008 Genus Loxodonta]". In [[:en:Don_E._Wilson|Wilson, D.E.]]; Reeder, D.M (eds.). [http://www.google.com/books?id=JgAMbNSt8ikC&pg=PA91 Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference] (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 91. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-8221-0|978-0-8018-8221-0.]] [[:en:OCLC_(identifier)|OCLC]] [https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/62265494 62265494].</ref> ''Elephas (Loxodonta'') cyclotis e ne ya tshitshinngwa ke [[:en:Paul_Matschie|Paul Matschie]] ka ngwaga wa 1900, yo o neng a tlhalosa [[:en:Zoological_specimen|dikao]] [[:en:Zoological_specimen|tsa diphologolo]] tse tharo tsa ditlou tsa Aforika go tswa kwa Cameroon tse [[:en:Skull|marapo a ditlhogo]] tsa tsone di neng di farologana ka popego le tsa ditlhogo tsa ditlou tse di kokoantsweng gongwe le gongwe mo Aforika.<ref>Matschie, P. (1900). [[iarchive:sitzungsberichte1900gese/page/194|"Geographische Abarten des Afrikanischen Elefanten"]]. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin. 3: 189–197.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1936, [[:en:Glover_Morrill_Allen|Glover Morrill Allen]] o ne a tsaya tlou e e le mofuta o o farologaneng mme a e bitsa 'tlou ya sekgwa';<ref>Allen, G. M. (1936). "Zoological results of the George Vanderbilt African Expedition of 1934. Part II — The forest elephant of Africa". Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 88: 15–44. [[:en:JSTOR_(identifier)|JSTOR]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/4064188 4064188].</ref> bakwadi ba moragonyana ba ne ba e tsaya e le [[:en:Subspecies|mofutapotlana]].<ref name=":0">Laurson, B.; Bekoff, M. (1978). "[http://www.science.smith.edu/departments/Biology/VHAYSSEN/msi/pdf/i0076-3519-092-01-0001.pdf Loxodonta africana]" (PDF). Mammalian Species (92): 1–8. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.2307/3503889|10.2307/3503889]]. [[:en:JSTOR_(identifier)|JSTOR]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/3503889 3503889]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:253949585 253949585]. Retrieved 5 August 2010.</ref><ref>Estes, R. D. (1999). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=Xqp7poFviNcC&pg=PA223 Elephant ''Loxodonta africana'' Family Elephantidae, Order Proboscidea"]. ''The Safari Companion: A Guide to Watching African Mammals Including Hoofed Mammals, Carnivores, and Primates'' (Revised and expanded&#x20;ed.). Vermont: Chelsea Green Publishing Company. pp.&#x20;223–233. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;[[:en:Special:BookSources/1-890132-44-6|<bdi>1-890132-44-6</bdi>.]]</ref>Ditshekatsheko tsa popego le tsa dijini fa e sa le di neelana ka bosupi jwa dipharologano tsa maemo a mefuta magareng ga tlou ya sekgwa ya Aforika le tlou ya sekgwa ya Aforika.<ref>Grubb, P.; Groves, C. P.; Dudley, J. P. & Shoshani, J. (2000). [[doi:10.22237/elephant/1521732169|"Living African elephants belong to two species: ''Loxodonta africana'' (Blumenbach, 1797) and ''Loxodonta cyclotis'' (Matschie, 1900)".]] ''Elephant''. '''2''' (4): 1–4. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.22237/elephant/1521732169|10.22237/elephant/1521732169.]]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 1907, Richard Lydekker o ne a akantshanya mefuta e merataro ya ditlou tsa Aforika go ikaegilwe ka bogolo le dipopego tse di farologaneng tsa ditsebe tsa tsone.[14] Tsotlhe di tsewa di [[:en:Synonym_(taxonomy)|tshwana]] le tlou ya sekgwa ya Aforika.[1] Mofuta wa boraro, tlou ya Afrika Bophirima, le one o tshitshintswe mme o tlhoka go tlhomamisiwa. Go akanngwa gore losika lono lo ntse lo kgaogantswe le ba bangwe dingwaga di le didikadike di le pedi le makgolo a mane[15] === Mefuta e e sa tlholeng e le teng le mefutapotlana === Magareng ga bofelo jwa lekgolo la bo lesome le borobabobedi le masome a mabedi a le mangwe la dingwaga, go ne ga tlhalosiwa ditlou tse di latelang tsa Afrika tse di sa tlholeng di le teng go ya ka [[:en:Fossil|masalela]] a dilo tse di epolotsweng: * [[:en:North_African_elephant|Tlou ya Bokone jwa Aforika]] († ''Loxodonta africana pharaohensis'' ) e e neng ya akantshiwa ke [[:en:Paulus_Edward_Pieris_Deraniyagala|Paulus Edward Pieris Deraniyagala]] ka ngwaga 1948 e ne e le sekao go tswa kwa [[:en:Fayum|Fayum]] kwa Egepeto.<ref>Deraniyagala, P. E. P. (1955). Some extinct elephants, their relatives, and the two living species. Colombo: Ceylon National Museums Publication.</ref> * † [[:en:Loxodonta_atlantica|''Loxodonta atlantica'']] e ne ya akantshiwa jaaka ''Elephas atlanticus'' ke [[:en:Auguste_Pomel|Auguste Pomel]] ka ngwaga wa 1879 go ikaegilwe ka [[:en:Skull|legata]] le marapo a a fitlhetsweng kwa [[:en:Tighennif|Ternifine]], kwa Algeria.<ref>Pomel, A. (1897). "[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k62754098/f48 Elephas atlanticus Pom.]". Les éléphants quaternaires. Paléontologie : monographies. Alger: P. Fontana & Co. pp. 42–59.</ref> * † [[:en:Loxodonta_exoptata|''Loxodonta exoptata'']] e e neng ya akantshiwa ke [[:de:Wilhelm Otto Dietrich|Wilhelm Otto Dietrich]] ka ngwaga wa 1941 e ne e ikaegile ka meno a a fitlhetsweng kwa [[:en:Laetoli|Laetoli]], kwa lefatsheng la [[:en:Tanzania|Tanzania]].<ref>Dietrich, W. O. (1941). "Die säugetierpaläontologischen Ergebnisse der Kohl-Larsen'schen Expedition 1937–1939 im nördlichen Deutsch-Ostafrika". ''Zentralblatt für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paläontologie''. '''B''' (8): 217–223. </ref> * † [[:en:Loxodonta_adaurora|''Loxodonta'']] [[:en:Loxodonta_adaurora|''adaurora'']] e e neng ya akantshiwa ke Vincent Maglio ka ngwaga wa 1970 e ne e le [[:en:Skeleton|lerapo le le feletseng]] le le neng la fitlhelwa kwa [[:en:Kanapoi|Kanapoi]], kwa Kenya.<ref>Maglio, V. J. (1970). [[iarchive:breviora326350harv/page/n291|"Four new species of Elephantidae from the Plio-Pleistocene of northwestern Kenya]]". ''Breviora'' (341): 1–43.</ref> * † [[:en:Loxodonta_cookei|''Loxodonta cookei'']] e e tshitshintsweng ke [[:en:William_J._Sanders|William J. Sanders]] ka ngwaga wa 2007 go ikaegilwe ka meno a a fitlhetsweng kwa Sebopegong sa Varswater kwa Langebaanweg, Aforika Borwa <ref>Sanders, W. (2007). [https://sites.lsa.umich.edu/billsanders/wp-content/uploads/sites/382/2016/04/AP-SANDERS-REVISED.pdf "Taxonomic review of fossil Proboscidea (Mammalia) from Langebaanweg, South Africa"] (PDF). Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa. 62 (1) (Online ed.): 1–16. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]][https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007TRSSA..62....1S :2007TRSSA..62....1S.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1080/00359190709519192|10.1080/00359190709519192.]] [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:27499106 27499106].</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Palaeoloxodon phylogeny.svg|thumb|Setshwantsho sa phylogeny se se bontshang maemo a tlou ya meno a a tlhamaletseng (''Palaeoloxodon antiquus'') fa e bapisiwa le mefuta e mengwe ya ba lelapa la ditlou, se ikaegile ka diphatsa tsa nuklei , go ya ka Palkopoulou le ba bangwe (2018). Se gape se bontsha pharologanyo ya diphatsa e e diragetseng ka ntlha ya go tsalana ga mefuta e e farologaneng , fa diphatsa di fetisiwa go tswa mo ditloung tsa sekgwa go ya mo ''Palaeoloxodon'']] DNA go tswa mo tlou ya karolokgolo ya lefatshe ya Europe e [[:en:Straight-tusked_elephant|e nang le mana a a tlhamaletseng]] (''Palaeoloxodon antiquus'') e supa gore mofuta wa tlou o o sa tlholeng o le teng wa [[:en:Palaeoloxodon|''Palaeoloxodon'']] o amana thata le ditlou tsa Afrika go na le ditlou tsa Asia kgotsa ditlou tse dikgolo. Tshekatsheko ya jenome ya ''P. antiquus'' gape e bontsha gore ''Palaeloxodon'' e [[:en:Hybrid_(biology)|kopantswe thata]] le ditlou tsa sekgwa sa Aforika, mme se sa felela ka [[:en:Hybrid_(biology)|kelelo ya dijini tse di tsenelelang]] go tswa mo ditloung tsa Aforika go ya kwa ''Palaeoloxodon'', ka jenome ya mitochondrial le go feta %karolo ya masomea mararo mo lekgolong ya jenome ya nyutlea ya ''P. antiquus'' e e tswang mo ''L.cyclotis'' . Losika lo lo gaufi le dipalopalo tsa segompieno tsa Aforika bophirima go na le dipalopalo tsa Aforika bogare tsa ditlou tsa sekgwa.<ref>Palkopoulou, E.; Lipson, M.; Mallick, S.; Nielsen, S.; Rohland, N.; Baleka, S.; Karpinski, E.; Ivancevic, A. M.; Thu-Hien To; Kortschak, R. D.; Raison, J. M.; Zhipeng, Q.; Tat-Jun C.; Alt, K. W.; Claesson, S.; Dalén, L.; MacPhee, R. D. E.; Meller, H.; Roca, A. L.; Ryder, O. A.; Heiman, D.; Young, S.; Breen, M.; Williams, C.; Aken, B. L.; Ruffier, M.; Karlsson, E.; Johnson, J.; Di Palma, F.; Alfoldi, J.; Adelson, D. L.; Mailund, T.; Munch, K.; Lindblad-Toh, K.; Hofreiter, M.; Poinar, H.; Reich, D. (2018). "[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5856550 A comprehensive genomic history of extinct and living elephants"]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 115 (11): E2566–E2574. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018PNAS..115E2566P 2018PNAS..115E2566P.] doi:[[doi:10.1073/pnas.1720554115|10.1073/pnas.1720554115.]] [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5856550 5856550]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29483247 29483247].</ref> Tshekatsheko ya di-mitogenome tsa Palaeoloxodon tsa China e supa gore losika lono lwa ditlou tsa sekgwa lo ne lo abelanwa thata mo mefuteng ya Palaeoloxodon.[24] == Tlhaloso == === Letlalo ,ditsebe le Selopo === [[Setshwantsho:Elephant skeleton.jpg|thumb|Setshwantsho sa marapo a mmele wa tlou ya sekgwa ya Aforika]] [[Setshwantsho:Loxodonta africana-cyclotis skulls PZSL.png|thumb|Papiso ya ditlhogo tsa ditlou tsa sekgwa (ka fa molemeng) le tsa sekgwa (ka fa mojeng) fa di bonwa kwa pele. Ela tlhoko tlhogo e khutshwane le e e bulegileng ya ''L. cyclotis'', e e nang le phatla e e tshesane mo boemong jwa phatla e e tshesane.]] [[Setshwantsho:African Bush Elephant Skull.jpg|thumb|Legata la tlou e tona ya mo sekgweng ya Aforika le bontshiwa kwa Lefelong la Polokelo la Thuto ya Marapo]] Ditlou tsa Aforika di na le letlalo le le menaganeng le le bosetlha le le bokima jwa di milimetara di le masome a mararo (boleele jwa di inch di le nngwe ntlha pedi ) le le khurumeditsweng ke moriri o o sa tlhomamang, o o nang le ditlhale o o borokwa jo bo gateletseng go ya go bontshong. Moriri o mokhutshwane o o kgonang go amiwa o gola mo selopong , se se nang le dithulaganyo tse pedi tse di tshwanang le menwana kwa ntlheng, fa ditlou tsa Asia tsone di na le e le nngwe fela.<ref name=":0" /> Ditsebe tsa tsone tse dikgolo di thusa go fokotsa mogote wa mmele. Go di phaphatha go dira gore go nne le metsi a mowa mme go senola matlhakore a a kafa teng a ditsebe kwa ditshika tse dikgolo tsa madi di oketsang tatlhegelo ya mogote ka nako ya maemo a bosa a a mogote. Selopo sa tlou ke katoloso e e kgonang go [[:en:Prehensile|tshwara]] ya molomo wa yone o o kwa godimo le nko. Tokololo e, e e nang le kutlo e kgolo e laolwa thata ke tshika wa kutlo ya [[:en:Trigeminal_nerve|trigeminal]], mme go akanngwa gore e tsamaisiwa ke mesifa e e ka nnang dikete di le masome a mane go ya go dikete di le masome a marataro. Ka ntlha ya popego e ya mesifa, selopo sa tlou se nonofile thata mo e leng gore tlou e ka kgona go tsholetsa mo e ka nnang karolo ya boraro mo lekgolong ka bokete jwa mmele wa yone ka sone. Ditlou di dirisa selopo sa tsone go dupa, go ama, go ja, go nwa, go iphara ka lerole, go ntsha medumo, go rwala dilo, go itshireletsa le go tlhasela.<ref>Shoshani, J. (1978). [[doi:10.22237/elephant/1491234053|"General information on elephants with emphasis on tusks"]]. Elephant. 1 (2) elephant.eP1016: 20–31. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.22237/elephant/1491234053|10.22237/elephant/1491234053]].</ref> Ka dinako dingwe, ditlou di thuma ka fa tlase ga metsi mme di dirisa selopo sa tsone jaaka tšhupu ya go hema ([[:en:Snorkel_(swimming)|snorkel]])<ref>West, J.B. (2002). "[[doi:10.1152/nips.01374.2001|Why doesn't the elephant have a pleural space?".]] News in Physiological Sciences. 17 (2): 47–50. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1152/nips.01374.2001|10.1152/nips.01374.2001]]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11909991 11909991]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:27321751 27321751].</ref> 3mg0k3twhml6ybj63i9zrxhs0yaft3a 53619 53601 2026-07-30T09:31:29Z Atsile Edith 11759 Ke senotse tsebe e #Wikipedia25BW 53619 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ditlou tsa Aforika''' ke maloko a [[:en:Genus_(biology)|mofuta]] wa '''''Loxodonta''''' o o nang le [[:en:Species|mefuta]] e mebedi ya [[:en:Elephant|ditlou]] tse di tshelang, tlou ya [[:en:African_bush_elephant|sekgwa ya Aforika]] ( ''L. africana'' ) le [[:en:African_forest_elephant|tlou e nnye ya sekgwa sa Aforika]] ( ''L. cyclotis'' ) . Bobedi jo ke diphologolo tse di jang [[:en:Herbivore|ditlhatsana]] tse di nang le letlalo le le [[:en:Skin|bosetlha]] . Le fa go ntse jalo, di farologana ka bogolo le mmala wa [[:en:Tusk|lenaka]] ga mmogo le popego le bogolo jwa [[:en:Ear|ditsebe]] le [[:en:Skull|marapo a ditlhogo]] tsa tsone . Mefuta ka bobedi e mo kotsing ya go nyelela go ya ka [[:en:IUCN_Red_List|Lenaane le Lehibidu la IUCN;]] go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2021, tlou ya sekgwa e tsewa e le mo [[:en:Endangered_species|kotsing ya go nyelela]] fa tlou ya sekgwa yone e tsewa e le mo [[:en:Critically_endangered|kotsing e e masisi]]. Di tshosediwa ke go [[:en:Habitat_loss|latlhegelwa ke bonno]] le go kgaogana, mmogo le go [[:en:Poaching|tsomiwa]] ga [[:en:Ivory_trade|kgwebisano ya dinaka]] tsa tlou e e seng ka fa molaong mo dinageng di le mmalwa tsa mefutafuta. ''Loxodonta'' ke nngwe ya mefuta e mebedi e e santseng e le teng mo lelapeng la [[:en:Elephantidae|Elephantidae]]. Leina le le kaya leino le le thata le le bopegileng jaaka teemane ya meno a tsone a meno a akwa morago mo ganong. [[:en:Fossil|Masalela a masaledi]] a mefuta ya Loxodonta a fitlhetswe mo Aforika, go simolola ka nako ya bofelo ya motlha wa Miocene (go tloga ka dingwaga di ka nna didikadike di le supa go ya kwa boratarong tse di fetileng) go ya pele. == Thuto ya mafoko == Leina la ''Loxodonta'' le tswa mo mafokong a [[:en:Ancient_Greek|Segerika sa Bogologolo]] λοξός (''loxós'', "go sekamela", "go kgabaganya") le ὀδούς (odoús, "leino"), le le kayang enamele e e bopegileng jaaka teemane ([[:en:Lozenge_(shape)|lozenge]]) ya [[:en:Molar_teeth|meno a a ko morago mo ganong]], e e farologaneng thata le ya sebopego se se dikologang sa enamele ya [[:en:Asian_elephant|tlou ya Asia]].<ref>Cuvier, F. (1825). "[[iarchive:histoirenaturel6geof/page/n115|Éléphants d'Afrique]]". In Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire, É.; Cuvier, F. (eds.). Histoire Naturelle des Mammifères, avec des figures originales, coloriées, dessinées d'après des animaux vivans. Vol. Tome 6. Paris: A. Belain. pp. 117–118.</ref> == Thulaganyo ya ditshedi le thutotlhagelelo == [[:en:Scientific_description|Tlhaloso ya ntlha ya saense]] ya tlou ya Aforika e kwadilwe ka ngwaga wa 1797 ke [[:en:Johann_Friedrich_Blumenbach|Johann Friedrich Blumenbach]], yo o neng a akantsha [[:en:Scientific_name|leina la saense]] la ''Elephas africanus''.<ref>Blumenbach, J. F. (1797). "[http://www.deutschestextarchiv.de/book/view/blumenbach_naturgeschichte_1797?p=147 2. Africanus]". Handbuch der Naturgeschichte [Handbook of Natural History] (Fifth ed.). Göttingen: Johann Christian Dieterich. p. 125.</ref> [[wiktionary:Loxodonta|''Loxodonte'']] e ne ya akantshiwa jaaka leina la kakaretso la tlou ya Aforika ke [[:en:Frédéric_Cuvier|Frédéric Cuvier]] ka ngwaga wa 1825. Mokwadi yo o sa itsiweng o ne a dirisa mopeleto wa Selatine wa ''Loxodonta'' ka ngwaga wa 1827.<ref>Anonymous (1827). "[[iarchive:zoologicaljourna318271828sowe/page/140|Analytical Notices of Books. Histoire Naturelle des Mammifères, avec des Figures originale, dessinées d'après des Animaux vivans; &c. Par MM. Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire, et F. Cuvier. Livraison 52 et 53".]] The Zoological Journal. 3 (9): 140–143.</ref> Mokwadi yo o ne a amogelwa jaaka molaodi ke [[:en:International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature|Molao wa Boditšhabatšhaba wa Maina a Diphologolo]] ka ngwaga wa 1999.<ref>[[:en:Jeheskel_Shoshani|Shoshani, J.]] (2005). "[http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=11500008 Genus Loxodonta]". In [[:en:Don_E._Wilson|Wilson, D.E.]]; Reeder, D.M (eds.). [http://www.google.com/books?id=JgAMbNSt8ikC&pg=PA91 Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference] (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 91. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-8221-0|978-0-8018-8221-0.]] [[:en:OCLC_(identifier)|OCLC]] [https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/62265494 62265494].</ref> ''Elephas (Loxodonta'') cyclotis e ne ya tshitshinngwa ke [[:en:Paul_Matschie|Paul Matschie]] ka ngwaga wa 1900, yo o neng a tlhalosa [[:en:Zoological_specimen|dikao]] [[:en:Zoological_specimen|tsa diphologolo]] tse tharo tsa ditlou tsa Aforika go tswa kwa Cameroon tse [[:en:Skull|marapo a ditlhogo]] tsa tsone di neng di farologana ka popego le tsa ditlhogo tsa ditlou tse di kokoantsweng gongwe le gongwe mo Aforika.<ref>Matschie, P. (1900). [[iarchive:sitzungsberichte1900gese/page/194|"Geographische Abarten des Afrikanischen Elefanten"]]. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin. 3: 189–197.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1936, [[:en:Glover_Morrill_Allen|Glover Morrill Allen]] o ne a tsaya tlou e e le mofuta o o farologaneng mme a e bitsa 'tlou ya sekgwa';<ref>Allen, G. M. (1936). "Zoological results of the George Vanderbilt African Expedition of 1934. Part II — The forest elephant of Africa". Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 88: 15–44. [[:en:JSTOR_(identifier)|JSTOR]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/4064188 4064188].</ref> bakwadi ba moragonyana ba ne ba e tsaya e le [[:en:Subspecies|mofutapotlana]].<ref name=":0">Laurson, B.; Bekoff, M. (1978). "[http://www.science.smith.edu/departments/Biology/VHAYSSEN/msi/pdf/i0076-3519-092-01-0001.pdf Loxodonta africana]" (PDF). Mammalian Species (92): 1–8. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.2307/3503889|10.2307/3503889]]. [[:en:JSTOR_(identifier)|JSTOR]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/3503889 3503889]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:253949585 253949585]. Retrieved 5 August 2010.</ref><ref>Estes, R. D. (1999). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=Xqp7poFviNcC&pg=PA223 Elephant ''Loxodonta africana'' Family Elephantidae, Order Proboscidea"]. ''The Safari Companion: A Guide to Watching African Mammals Including Hoofed Mammals, Carnivores, and Primates'' (Revised and expanded&#x20;ed.). Vermont: Chelsea Green Publishing Company. pp.&#x20;223–233. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;[[:en:Special:BookSources/1-890132-44-6|<bdi>1-890132-44-6</bdi>.]]</ref>Ditshekatsheko tsa popego le tsa dijini fa e sa le di neelana ka bosupi jwa dipharologano tsa maemo a mefuta magareng ga tlou ya sekgwa ya Aforika le tlou ya sekgwa ya Aforika.<ref>Grubb, P.; Groves, C. P.; Dudley, J. P. & Shoshani, J. (2000). [[doi:10.22237/elephant/1521732169|"Living African elephants belong to two species: ''Loxodonta africana'' (Blumenbach, 1797) and ''Loxodonta cyclotis'' (Matschie, 1900)".]] ''Elephant''. '''2''' (4): 1–4. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.22237/elephant/1521732169|10.22237/elephant/1521732169.]]</ref><ref>Roca, A. L.; Georgiadis, N.; Pecon-Slattery, J. & O'Brien, S. J. (2001). "[https://zenodo.org/record/1230804 Genetic Evidence for Two Species of Elephant in Africa".] Science. 293 (5534): 1473–1477. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]][https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001Sci...293.1473R :2001Sci...293.1473R]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1126/science.1059936|10.1126/science.1059936]]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11520983 11520983]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:38285623 38285623].</ref><ref>Rohland, N.; Malaspinas, A.-S.; Pollack, J. L.; Slatkin, M.; Matheus, P. & Hofreiter, M. (2007). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1925134 "Proboscidean Mitogenomics: Chronology and Mode of Elephant Evolution Using Mastodon as Outgroup"]. PLOS Biology. 5 (8) e207. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0050207|10.1371/journal.pbio.0050207]]. [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1925134 1925134]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17676977 17676977].</ref><ref>Rohland, N.; Reich, D.; Mallick, S.; Meyer, M.; Green, R. E.; Georgiadis, N. J.; Roca, A. L. & Hofreiter, M. (2010). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3006346 "Genomic DNA sequences from mastodon and woolly mammoth reveal deep speciation of forest and savanna elephants"]. PLOS Biology. 8 (12) e1000564. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1000564|10.1371/journal.pbio.1000564]]. [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3006346 3006346]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21701575 21203580].</ref><ref>Murphy, W. J.; Ishida, Y.; Oleksyk, T. K.; Georgiadis, N. J.; David, V. A.; Zhao, K.; Stephens, R. M.; Kolokotronis, S.-O. & Roca, A. L. (2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3110795 "Reconciling Apparent Conflicts between Mitochondrial and Nuclear Phylogenies in African Elephants"]. PLOS ONE. 6 (6) e20642. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]][https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011PLoSO...620642I :2011PLoSO...620642I.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0020642|10.1371/journal.pone.0020642]]. [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3110795 3110795]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21701575 21701575].</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 1907, Richard Lydekker o ne a akantshanya mefuta e merataro ya ditlou tsa Aforika go ikaegilwe ka bogolo le dipopego tse di farologaneng tsa ditsebe tsa tsone.<ref>Lydekker, R. (1907). [[iarchive:proceedingsofzoo19071446zool/page/380|"The Ears as a Race-Character in the African Elephant"]]. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London (January to April): 380–403. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1907.tb01824.x|10.1111/j.1096-3642.1907.tb01824.x]].</ref> Tsotlhe di tsewa di [[:en:Synonym_(taxonomy)|tshwana]] le tlou ya sekgwa ya Aforika.[1] Mofuta wa boraro, tlou ya Afrika Bophirima, le one o tshitshintswe mme o tlhoka go tlhomamisiwa. Go akanngwa gore losika lono lo ntse lo kgaogantswe le ba bangwe dingwaga di le didikadike di le pedi le makgolo a mane.<ref>Eggert, L.S.; Rasner, C.A. & Woodruff, D.S. (2002). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1691127 "The evolution and phylogeography of the African elephant inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequence and nuclear microsatellite markers"]. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences. 269 (1504): 1993–2006. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1098/rspb.2002.2070|10.1098/rspb.2002.2070.]] [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1691127 1691127]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12396498 12396498].</ref> === Mefuta e e sa tlholeng e le teng le mefutapotlana === Magareng ga bofelo jwa lekgolo la bo lesome le borobabobedi le masome a mabedi a le mangwe la dingwaga, go ne ga tlhalosiwa ditlou tse di latelang tsa Afrika tse di sa tlholeng di le teng go ya ka [[:en:Fossil|masalela]] a dilo tse di epolotsweng: * [[:en:North_African_elephant|Tlou ya Bokone jwa Aforika]] († ''Loxodonta africana pharaohensis'' ) e e neng ya akantshiwa ke [[:en:Paulus_Edward_Pieris_Deraniyagala|Paulus Edward Pieris Deraniyagala]] ka ngwaga 1948 e ne e le sekao go tswa kwa [[:en:Fayum|Fayum]] kwa Egepeto.<ref>Deraniyagala, P. E. P. (1955). Some extinct elephants, their relatives, and the two living species. Colombo: Ceylon National Museums Publication.</ref> * † [[:en:Loxodonta_atlantica|''Loxodonta atlantica'']] e ne ya akantshiwa jaaka ''Elephas atlanticus'' ke [[:en:Auguste_Pomel|Auguste Pomel]] ka ngwaga wa 1879 go ikaegilwe ka [[:en:Skull|legata]] le marapo a a fitlhetsweng kwa [[:en:Tighennif|Ternifine]], kwa Algeria.<ref>Pomel, A. (1897). "[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k62754098/f48 Elephas atlanticus Pom.]". Les éléphants quaternaires. Paléontologie : monographies. Alger: P. Fontana & Co. pp. 42–59.</ref> * † [[:en:Loxodonta_exoptata|''Loxodonta exoptata'']] e e neng ya akantshiwa ke [[:de:Wilhelm Otto Dietrich|Wilhelm Otto Dietrich]] ka ngwaga wa 1941 e ne e ikaegile ka meno a a fitlhetsweng kwa [[:en:Laetoli|Laetoli]], kwa lefatsheng la [[:en:Tanzania|Tanzania]].<ref>Dietrich, W. O. (1941). "Die säugetierpaläontologischen Ergebnisse der Kohl-Larsen'schen Expedition 1937–1939 im nördlichen Deutsch-Ostafrika". ''Zentralblatt für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paläontologie''. '''B''' (8): 217–223. </ref> * † [[:en:Loxodonta_adaurora|''Loxodonta'']] [[:en:Loxodonta_adaurora|''adaurora'']] e e neng ya akantshiwa ke Vincent Maglio ka ngwaga wa 1970 e ne e le [[:en:Skeleton|lerapo le le feletseng]] le le neng la fitlhelwa kwa [[:en:Kanapoi|Kanapoi]], kwa Kenya.<ref>Maglio, V. J. (1970). [[iarchive:breviora326350harv/page/n291|"Four new species of Elephantidae from the Plio-Pleistocene of northwestern Kenya]]". ''Breviora'' (341): 1–43.</ref> * † [[:en:Loxodonta_cookei|''Loxodonta cookei'']] e e tshitshintsweng ke [[:en:William_J._Sanders|William J. Sanders]] ka ngwaga wa 2007 go ikaegilwe ka meno a a fitlhetsweng kwa Sebopegong sa Varswater kwa Langebaanweg, Aforika Borwa <ref>Sanders, W. (2007). [https://sites.lsa.umich.edu/billsanders/wp-content/uploads/sites/382/2016/04/AP-SANDERS-REVISED.pdf "Taxonomic review of fossil Proboscidea (Mammalia) from Langebaanweg, South Africa"] (PDF). Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa. 62 (1) (Online ed.): 1–16. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]][https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007TRSSA..62....1S :2007TRSSA..62....1S.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1080/00359190709519192|10.1080/00359190709519192.]] [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:27499106 27499106].</ref> === Kamano ya ditshika le tlhabologo === Dikamano tsa ditlou tse di tshelang le tse di nyeletseng tse di ikaegileng ka DNA, morago ga Palkopoulou et al. ngwaga wa 2018.<ref name=":1">Palkopoulou, E.; Lipson, M.; Mallick, S.; Nielsen, S.; Rohland, N.; Baleka, S.; Karpinski, E.; Ivancevic, A. M.; Thu-Hien To; Kortschak, R. D.; Raison, J. M.; Zhipeng, Q.; Tat-Jun C.; Alt, K. W.; Claesson, S.; Dalén, L.; MacPhee, R. D. E.; Meller, H.; Roca, A. L.; Ryder, O. A.; Heiman, D.; Young, S.; Breen, M.; Williams, C.; Aken, B. L.; Ruffier, M.; Karlsson, E.; Johnson, J.; Di Palma, F.; Alfoldi, J.; Adelson, D. L.; Mailund, T.; Munch, K.; Lindblad-Toh, K.; Hofreiter, M.; Poinar, H.; Reich, D. (2018). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5856550 "A comprehensive genomic history of extinct and living elephants"]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 115 (11): E2566–E2574. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018PNAS..115E2566P 2018PNAS..115E2566P.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1073/pnas.1720554115|10.1073/pnas.1720554115]]. [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5856550 5856550]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29483247 29483247].</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Palaeoloxodon phylogeny.svg|thumb|Setshwantsho sa phylogeny se se bontshang maemo a [[:en:Straight-tusked_elephant|tlou ya dinaka tse di tlhamaletseng]] (''Palaeoloxodon antiquus'') fa e bapisiwa le mefuta e mengwe ya ba lelapa la ditlou, se ikaegile ka diphatsa tsa nuklei , go ya ka Palkopoulou le ba bangwe (ngwaga wa 2018). Se gape se bontsha [[:en:Hybrid_(biology)|pharologanyo ya diphatsa]] e e diragetseng ka ntlha ya go [[:en:Introgression|tsalana]] ga mefuta e e farologaneng , fa [[:en:Gene_flow|diphatsa di fetisiwa]] go tswa mo ditloung tsa sekgwa go ya mo ''[[:en:Palaeoloxodon|Palaeoloxodon]]'']] DNA go tswa mo tlou ya karolokgolo ya lefatshe ya Europe e [[:en:Straight-tusked_elephant|e nang le mana a a tlhamaletseng]] (''Palaeoloxodon antiquus'') e supa gore mofuta wa tlou o o sa tlholeng o le teng wa [[:en:Palaeoloxodon|''Palaeoloxodon'']] o amana thata le ditlou tsa Afrika go na le ditlou tsa Asia kgotsa ditlou tse dikgolo. Tshekatsheko ya jenome ya ''P. antiquus'' gape e bontsha gore ''Palaeloxodon'' e [[:en:Hybrid_(biology)|kopantswe thata]] le ditlou tsa sekgwa sa Aforika, mme se sa felela ka [[:en:Hybrid_(biology)|kelelo ya dijini tse di tsenelelang]] go tswa mo ditloung tsa Aforika go ya kwa ''Palaeoloxodon'', ka jenome ya mitochondrial le go feta karolo ya masomea mararo mo lekgolong ya genome ya nyutlea ya ''P. antiquus'' e e tswang mo ''L.cyclotis'' . Losika lo lo gaufi le dipalopalo tsa segompieno tsa Aforika bophirima go na le dipalopalo tsa Aforika bogare tsa ditlou tsa sekgwa.<ref name=":1" /> Tshekatsheko ya di-mitogenome tsa ''[[:en:Palaeoloxodon_huaihoensis|Palaeoloxodon tsa China]]'' e supa gore losika lono lwa ditlou tsa sekgwa lo ne lo abelanwa thata mo mefuteng ya Palaeoloxodon.<ref>Lin, H.; Hu, J.; Baleka, S.; Yuan, J.; Chen, X.; Xiao, B.; Song, S.; Du, Z.; Lai, X.; Hofreiter, M.; Sheng, G. (2023). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10353889 "A genetic glimpse of the Chinese straight-tusked elephants"]. Biology Letters. 19 (7) 20230078. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1098/rsbl.2023.0078|10.1098/rsbl.2023.0078.]] [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10353889 10353889]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37463654 37463654].</ref> == Tlhaloso == === Letlalo ,ditsebe le Selopo === [[Setshwantsho:Elephant skeleton.jpg|thumb|Setshwantsho sa marapo a mmele wa tlou ya sekgwa ya Aforika]] [[Setshwantsho:Loxodonta africana-cyclotis skulls PZSL.png|thumb|Papiso ya ditlhogo tsa ditlou tsa sekgwa (ka fa molemeng) le tsa sekgwa (ka fa mojeng) fa di bonwa kwa pele. Ela tlhoko tlhogo e khutshwane le e e bulegileng ya ''L. cyclotis'', e e nang le phatla e e tshesane mo boemong jwa phatla e e tshesane.]] [[Setshwantsho:African Bush Elephant Skull.jpg|thumb|Legata la tlou e tona ya mo sekgweng ya Aforika le bontshiwa kwa [[:en:Museum_of_Osteology|Lefelong la Polokelo la Thuto ya Marapo]]]] Ditlou tsa Aforika di na le letlalo le le menaganeng le le bosetlha le le bokima jwa di milimetara di le masome a mararo (boleele jwa di inch di le nngwe ntlha pedi ) le le khurumeditsweng ke moriri o o sa tlhomamang, o o nang le ditlhale o o borokwa jo bo gateletseng go ya go bontshong. Moriri o mokhutshwane o o kgonang go amiwa o gola mo selopong , se se nang le dithulaganyo tse pedi tse di tshwanang le menwana kwa ntlheng, fa ditlou tsa Asia tsone di na le e le nngwe fela.<ref name=":0" /> Ditsebe tsa tsone tse dikgolo di thusa go fokotsa mogote wa mmele. Go di phaphatha go dira gore go nne le metsi a mowa mme go senola matlhakore a a kafa teng a ditsebe kwa ditshika tse dikgolo tsa madi di oketsang tatlhegelo ya mogote ka nako ya maemo a bosa a a mogote. Selopo sa tlou ke katoloso e e kgonang go [[:en:Prehensile|tshwara]] ya molomo wa yone o o kwa godimo le nko. Tokololo e, e e nang le kutlo e kgolo e laolwa thata ke tshika wa kutlo ya [[:en:Trigeminal_nerve|trigeminal]], mme go akanngwa gore e tsamaisiwa ke mesifa e e ka nnang dikete di le masome a mane go ya go dikete di le masome a marataro. Ka ntlha ya popego e ya mesifa, selopo sa tlou se nonofile thata mo e leng gore tlou e ka kgona go tsholetsa mo e ka nnang karolo ya boraro mo lekgolong ka bokete jwa mmele wa yone ka sone. Ditlou di dirisa selopo sa tsone go dupa, go ama, go ja, go nwa, go iphara ka lerole, go ntsha medumo, go rwala dilo, go itshireletsa le go tlhasela.<ref>Shoshani, J. (1978). [[doi:10.22237/elephant/1491234053|"General information on elephants with emphasis on tusks"]]. Elephant. 1 (2) elephant.eP1016: 20–31. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.22237/elephant/1491234053|10.22237/elephant/1491234053]].</ref> Ka dinako dingwe, ditlou di thuma ka fa tlase ga metsi mme di dirisa selopo sa tsone jaaka tšhupu ya go hema ([[:en:Snorkel_(swimming)|snorkel]])<ref>West, J.B. (2002). "[[doi:10.1152/nips.01374.2001|Why doesn't the elephant have a pleural space?".]] News in Physiological Sciences. 17 (2): 47–50. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1152/nips.01374.2001|10.1152/nips.01374.2001]]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11909991 11909991]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:27321751 27321751].</ref> == Dinaka le meno a a ko morago == Ditlou tse ditonanyana le tse di namagadi tsa Aforika ka bobedi di na le dinaka tse di golang go tswa mo [[:en:Deciduous_teeth|menong a a tlhotlhoregang]] a a bidiwang tushes, a a emisediwang ke meno fa dinamane di ka nna ngwaga o le mongwe. Dinaka di bopilwe ka [[:en:Dentin|dentin]], e e bopang dipopego tse dinnye tsa sebopego sa teemane mo gare ga mana a a nnang magolo mo matlhakoreng a lone.<ref>Shoshani, J. (1978). [[doi:10.22237/elephant/1491234053|"General information on elephants with emphasis on tusks"]]. Elephant. 1 (2) elephant.eP1016: 20–31. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.22237/elephant/1491234053|10.22237/elephant/1491234053.]]</ref> Dinaka di dirisiwa thata go epa medi le go apola lekwati la ditlhare go bona dijo, go lwa ka nako ya go nyala, le go iphemela kgatlhanong le dibatana tse di jang ditshedi tse dingwe. Dinaka tse di bokete jo bo tswang mo dikilogram di le masome a mabedi le boraro go ya go masome a mane le botlhano (bokete jwa di ponto di le masome a matlhano le bongwe go ya masome a borobabongwe le bongwe) mme a ka nna boleele jwa di meter di le bongwe le sephatlho go ya kwa bobedi le ntlha nne (boleele jwa leoto bo le botlhano go ya kwa borobabobeding). Di bobegetse kwa pele mme di tswelela go gola mo botshelong jotlhe jwa tlou.<ref>Burnie, D. (2001). Animal. London: [[:en:Dorling_Kindersley|Dorling Kindersley]].</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Loxodonta africana - Molar of an adult.JPG|thumb|Leino le legolo la tlou ya sekgwa sa Aforika, le le bontshang di-mekoti e e naleng phefo mo marapong a sefatlhego tsa sebopego sa loxodont/lozenge/dithapo tsa boalo jwa bogodimo jwa leino]] [[Setshwantsho:Loxodonta molar diagram.svg|thumb|Setshwantsho sa boalogodimo jwa leino la tlou ya Aforika]] Popego ya meno (dental formula) ya tlou ke:1.0.3.3/0.0.3.3× 2 = 26 (Nngwe, lefela, boraro, boraro/ lefela, lefela, boraro , boraro, tsotlhe di menagantswe gabedi, a bo tsotlhe di lekana le meno a le masome a mabedi le marataro)<ref>Shoshani, J. (1978). [[doi:10.22237/elephant/1491234053|"General information on elephants with emphasis on tusks"]]. Elephant. 1 (2) elephant.eP1016: 20–31. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.22237/elephant/1491234053|10.22237/elephant/1491234053]].</ref> Tlou e na le meno a magolo a le mane. Leino lengwe le lengwe le bokete jwa dikilogerama di le tlhano ( ponto tse lesome le bongwe) mme le boleele jwa disentimetara di le masome a mararo (inch di le lesome le bobedi). Fa meno a a kwa pele a senyega mme a wa ka dikarolwana, a a kwa morago a sutela kwa pele, mme meno a matona a mabedi a masha a mela kwa morago ga molomo. Ditlou di fetola meno a yone gararo go ya go garataro mo botshelong jwa tsone. Fa e fitlha mo dingwageng di ka nna masome a mane go ya go masome a marataro, e latlhegelwa ke meno a yone a bofelo mme gantsi e swa ka ntlha ya tlala, e leng sengwe sa mabaka a a tlwaelesegileng a loso. Ditlou tsa Aforika di na le meno a le masome a mabedi le mane ka kakaretso, a le marataro mo karolong nngwe le nngwe ya lotlhaya. Dikarolo tsa boalo jo bo ha godimo mo menong a magolo di dinnye ka palo fa di bapisiwa le tsa ditlou tsa Asia.<ref>[[:en:Juliet_Clutton-Brock|Clutton-Brock, J.]] (1987). A Natural History of Domesticated Mammals. Cambridge University Press. p. 208. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-521-34697-5|0-521-34697-5]].</ref> Boalo jwa ya meno a magolo bo apara e bo bo nna le sebopego sa taemane (<>), e leng letshwao le le tlwaelesegileng mo ditloung tsotlhe tsa mofuta wa ''Loxodonta''.<ref>Palkopoulou, E.; Lipson, M.; Mallick, S.; Nielsen, S.; Rohland, N.; Baleka, S.; Karpinski, E.; Ivancevic, A. M.; Thu-Hien To; Kortschak, R. D.; Raison, J. M.; Zhipeng, Q.; Tat-Jun C.; Alt, K. W.; Claesson, S.; Dalén, L.; MacPhee, R. D. E.; Meller, H.; Roca, A. L.; Ryder, O. A.; Heiman, D.; Young, S.; Breen, M.; Williams, C.; Aken, B. L.; Ruffier, M.; Karlsson, E.; Johnson, J.; Di Palma, F.; Alfoldi, J.; Adelson, D. L.; Mailund, T.; Munch, K.; Lindblad-Toh, K.; Hofreiter, M.; Poinar, H.; Reich, D. (2018). "[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5856550 A comprehensive genomic history of extinct and living elephants"]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 115 (11): E2566–E2574. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018PNAS..115E2566P 2018PNAS..115E2566P.] doi:[[doi:10.1073/pnas.1720554115|10.1073/pnas.1720554115.]] [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5856550 5856550]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29483247 29483247].</ref> Le fa mefuta mengwe ya ''Loxodonta'' e e nyeletseng e ne e santse e na le meno a sa feleng a premolar, meno ao ga sa tlhole a le teng mo mefuteng e mebedi e e sa ntseng e tshela.<ref>Sanders, W. J. (2018). "Horizontal tooth displacement and premolar occurrence in elephants and other elephantiform proboscideans". Historical Biology. 30 (1–2): 137–156. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018HBio...30..137S 2018HBio...30..137S]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1080/08912963.2017.1297436|10.1080/08912963.2017.1297436]].</ref> ihah9p0wvclzngkwq15bafre2k5z6ft 53622 53619 2026-07-30T10:51:18Z Atsile Edith 11759 Ke senotse tsebe e #Wikipedia25BW 53622 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ditlou tsa Aforika''' ke maloko a [[:en:Genus_(biology)|mofuta]] wa '''''Loxodonta''''' o o nang le [[:en:Species|mefuta]] e mebedi ya [[:en:Elephant|ditlou]] tse di tshelang, tlou ya [[:en:African_bush_elephant|sekgwa ya Aforika]] ( ''L. africana'' ) le [[:en:African_forest_elephant|tlou e nnye ya sekgwa sa Aforika]] ( ''L. cyclotis'' ) . Bobedi jo ke diphologolo tse di jang [[:en:Herbivore|ditlhatsana]] tse di nang le letlalo le le [[:en:Skin|bosetlha]] . Le fa go ntse jalo, di farologana ka bogolo le mmala wa [[:en:Tusk|lenaka]] ga mmogo le popego le bogolo jwa [[:en:Ear|ditsebe]] le [[:en:Skull|marapo a ditlhogo]] tsa tsone . Mefuta ka bobedi e mo kotsing ya go nyelela go ya ka [[:en:IUCN_Red_List|Lenaane le Lehibidu la IUCN;]] go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2021, tlou ya sekgwa e tsewa e le mo [[:en:Endangered_species|kotsing ya go nyelela]] fa tlou ya sekgwa yone e tsewa e le mo [[:en:Critically_endangered|kotsing e e masisi]]. Di tshosediwa ke go [[:en:Habitat_loss|latlhegelwa ke bonno]] le go kgaogana, mmogo le go [[:en:Poaching|tsomiwa]] ga [[:en:Ivory_trade|kgwebisano ya dinaka]] tsa tlou e e seng ka fa molaong mo dinageng di le mmalwa tsa mefutafuta. ''Loxodonta'' ke nngwe ya mefuta e mebedi e e santseng e le teng mo lelapeng la [[:en:Elephantidae|Elephantidae]]. Leina le le kaya leino le le thata le le bopegileng jaaka teemane ya meno a tsone a meno a akwa morago mo ganong. [[:en:Fossil|Masalela a masaledi]] a mefuta ya Loxodonta a fitlhetswe mo Aforika, go simolola ka nako ya bofelo ya motlha wa Miocene (go tloga ka dingwaga di ka nna didikadike di le supa go ya kwa boratarong tse di fetileng) go ya pele. == Thuto ya mafoko == Leina la ''Loxodonta'' le tswa mo mafokong a [[:en:Ancient_Greek|Segerika sa Bogologolo]] λοξός (''loxós'', "go sekamela", "go kgabaganya") le ὀδούς (odoús, "leino"), le le kayang enamele e e bopegileng jaaka teemane ([[:en:Lozenge_(shape)|lozenge]]) ya [[:en:Molar_teeth|meno a a ko morago mo ganong]], e e farologaneng thata le ya sebopego se se dikologang sa enamele ya [[:en:Asian_elephant|tlou ya Asia]].<ref>Cuvier, F. (1825). "[[iarchive:histoirenaturel6geof/page/n115|Éléphants d'Afrique]]". In Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire, É.; Cuvier, F. (eds.). Histoire Naturelle des Mammifères, avec des figures originales, coloriées, dessinées d'après des animaux vivans. Vol. Tome 6. Paris: A. Belain. pp. 117–118.</ref> == Thulaganyo ya ditshedi le thutotlhagelelo == [[:en:Scientific_description|Tlhaloso ya ntlha ya saense]] ya tlou ya Aforika e kwadilwe ka ngwaga wa 1797 ke [[:en:Johann_Friedrich_Blumenbach|Johann Friedrich Blumenbach]], yo o neng a akantsha [[:en:Scientific_name|leina la saense]] la ''Elephas africanus''.<ref>Blumenbach, J. F. (1797). "[http://www.deutschestextarchiv.de/book/view/blumenbach_naturgeschichte_1797?p=147 2. Africanus]". Handbuch der Naturgeschichte [Handbook of Natural History] (Fifth ed.). Göttingen: Johann Christian Dieterich. p. 125.</ref> [[wiktionary:Loxodonta|''Loxodonte'']] e ne ya akantshiwa jaaka leina la kakaretso la tlou ya Aforika ke [[:en:Frédéric_Cuvier|Frédéric Cuvier]] ka ngwaga wa 1825. Mokwadi yo o sa itsiweng o ne a dirisa mopeleto wa Selatine wa ''Loxodonta'' ka ngwaga wa 1827.<ref>Anonymous (1827). "[[iarchive:zoologicaljourna318271828sowe/page/140|Analytical Notices of Books. Histoire Naturelle des Mammifères, avec des Figures originale, dessinées d'après des Animaux vivans; &c. Par MM. Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire, et F. Cuvier. Livraison 52 et 53".]] The Zoological Journal. 3 (9): 140–143.</ref> Mokwadi yo o ne a amogelwa jaaka molaodi ke [[:en:International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature|Molao wa Boditšhabatšhaba wa Maina a Diphologolo]] ka ngwaga wa 1999.<ref>[[:en:Jeheskel_Shoshani|Shoshani, J.]] (2005). "[http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=11500008 Genus Loxodonta]". In [[:en:Don_E._Wilson|Wilson, D.E.]]; Reeder, D.M (eds.). [http://www.google.com/books?id=JgAMbNSt8ikC&pg=PA91 Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference] (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 91. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-8221-0|978-0-8018-8221-0.]] [[:en:OCLC_(identifier)|OCLC]] [https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/62265494 62265494].</ref> ''Elephas (Loxodonta'') cyclotis e ne ya tshitshinngwa ke [[:en:Paul_Matschie|Paul Matschie]] ka ngwaga wa 1900, yo o neng a tlhalosa [[:en:Zoological_specimen|dikao]] [[:en:Zoological_specimen|tsa diphologolo]] tse tharo tsa ditlou tsa Aforika go tswa kwa Cameroon tse [[:en:Skull|marapo a ditlhogo]] tsa tsone di neng di farologana ka popego le tsa ditlhogo tsa ditlou tse di kokoantsweng gongwe le gongwe mo Aforika.<ref>Matschie, P. (1900). [[iarchive:sitzungsberichte1900gese/page/194|"Geographische Abarten des Afrikanischen Elefanten"]]. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin. 3: 189–197.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1936, [[:en:Glover_Morrill_Allen|Glover Morrill Allen]] o ne a tsaya tlou e e le mofuta o o farologaneng mme a e bitsa 'tlou ya sekgwa';<ref>Allen, G. M. (1936). "Zoological results of the George Vanderbilt African Expedition of 1934. Part II — The forest elephant of Africa". Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 88: 15–44. [[:en:JSTOR_(identifier)|JSTOR]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/4064188 4064188].</ref> bakwadi ba moragonyana ba ne ba e tsaya e le [[:en:Subspecies|mofutapotlana]].<ref name=":0">Laurson, B.; Bekoff, M. (1978). "[http://www.science.smith.edu/departments/Biology/VHAYSSEN/msi/pdf/i0076-3519-092-01-0001.pdf Loxodonta africana]" (PDF). Mammalian Species (92): 1–8. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.2307/3503889|10.2307/3503889]]. [[:en:JSTOR_(identifier)|JSTOR]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/3503889 3503889]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:253949585 253949585]. Retrieved 5 August 2010.</ref><ref>Estes, R. D. (1999). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=Xqp7poFviNcC&pg=PA223 Elephant ''Loxodonta africana'' Family Elephantidae, Order Proboscidea"]. ''The Safari Companion: A Guide to Watching African Mammals Including Hoofed Mammals, Carnivores, and Primates'' (Revised and expanded&#x20;ed.). Vermont: Chelsea Green Publishing Company. pp.&#x20;223–233. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;[[:en:Special:BookSources/1-890132-44-6|<bdi>1-890132-44-6</bdi>.]]</ref>Ditshekatsheko tsa popego le tsa dijini fa e sa le di neelana ka bosupi jwa dipharologano tsa maemo a mefuta magareng ga tlou ya sekgwa ya Aforika le tlou ya sekgwa ya Aforika.<ref name=":2">Grubb, P.; Groves, C. P.; Dudley, J. P. & Shoshani, J. (2000). [[doi:10.22237/elephant/1521732169|"Living African elephants belong to two species: ''Loxodonta africana'' (Blumenbach, 1797) and ''Loxodonta cyclotis'' (Matschie, 1900)".]] ''Elephant''. '''2''' (4): 1–4. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.22237/elephant/1521732169|10.22237/elephant/1521732169.]]</ref><ref>Roca, A. L.; Georgiadis, N.; Pecon-Slattery, J. & O'Brien, S. J. (2001). "[https://zenodo.org/record/1230804 Genetic Evidence for Two Species of Elephant in Africa".] Science. 293 (5534): 1473–1477. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]][https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001Sci...293.1473R :2001Sci...293.1473R]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1126/science.1059936|10.1126/science.1059936]]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11520983 11520983]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:38285623 38285623].</ref><ref>Rohland, N.; Malaspinas, A.-S.; Pollack, J. L.; Slatkin, M.; Matheus, P. & Hofreiter, M. (2007). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1925134 "Proboscidean Mitogenomics: Chronology and Mode of Elephant Evolution Using Mastodon as Outgroup"]. PLOS Biology. 5 (8) e207. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0050207|10.1371/journal.pbio.0050207]]. [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1925134 1925134]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17676977 17676977].</ref><ref name=":3">Rohland, N.; Reich, D.; Mallick, S.; Meyer, M.; Green, R. E.; Georgiadis, N. J.; Roca, A. L. & Hofreiter, M. (2010). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3006346 "Genomic DNA sequences from mastodon and woolly mammoth reveal deep speciation of forest and savanna elephants"]. PLOS Biology. 8 (12) e1000564. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1000564|10.1371/journal.pbio.1000564]]. [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3006346 3006346]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21701575 21203580].</ref><ref>Murphy, W. J.; Ishida, Y.; Oleksyk, T. K.; Georgiadis, N. J.; David, V. A.; Zhao, K.; Stephens, R. M.; Kolokotronis, S.-O. & Roca, A. L. (2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3110795 "Reconciling Apparent Conflicts between Mitochondrial and Nuclear Phylogenies in African Elephants"]. PLOS ONE. 6 (6) e20642. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]][https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011PLoSO...620642I :2011PLoSO...620642I.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0020642|10.1371/journal.pone.0020642]]. [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3110795 3110795]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21701575 21701575].</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 1907, Richard Lydekker o ne a akantshanya mefuta e merataro ya ditlou tsa Aforika go ikaegilwe ka bogolo le dipopego tse di farologaneng tsa ditsebe tsa tsone.<ref>Lydekker, R. (1907). [[iarchive:proceedingsofzoo19071446zool/page/380|"The Ears as a Race-Character in the African Elephant"]]. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London (January to April): 380–403. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1907.tb01824.x|10.1111/j.1096-3642.1907.tb01824.x]].</ref> Tsotlhe di tsewa di [[:en:Synonym_(taxonomy)|tshwana]] le tlou ya sekgwa ya Aforika.[1] Mofuta wa boraro, tlou ya Afrika Bophirima, le one o tshitshintswe mme o tlhoka go tlhomamisiwa. Go akanngwa gore losika lono lo ntse lo kgaogantswe le ba bangwe dingwaga di le didikadike di le pedi le makgolo a mane.<ref>Eggert, L.S.; Rasner, C.A. & Woodruff, D.S. (2002). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1691127 "The evolution and phylogeography of the African elephant inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequence and nuclear microsatellite markers"]. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences. 269 (1504): 1993–2006. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1098/rspb.2002.2070|10.1098/rspb.2002.2070.]] [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1691127 1691127]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12396498 12396498].</ref> === Mefuta e e sa tlholeng e le teng le mefutapotlana === Magareng ga bofelo jwa lekgolo la bo lesome le borobabobedi le masome a mabedi a le mangwe la dingwaga, go ne ga tlhalosiwa ditlou tse di latelang tsa Afrika tse di sa tlholeng di le teng go ya ka [[:en:Fossil|masalela]] a dilo tse di epolotsweng: * [[:en:North_African_elephant|Tlou ya Bokone jwa Aforika]] († ''Loxodonta africana pharaohensis'' ) e e neng ya akantshiwa ke [[:en:Paulus_Edward_Pieris_Deraniyagala|Paulus Edward Pieris Deraniyagala]] ka ngwaga 1948 e ne e le sekao go tswa kwa [[:en:Fayum|Fayum]] kwa Egepeto.<ref>Deraniyagala, P. E. P. (1955). Some extinct elephants, their relatives, and the two living species. Colombo: Ceylon National Museums Publication.</ref> * † [[:en:Loxodonta_atlantica|''Loxodonta atlantica'']] e ne ya akantshiwa jaaka ''Elephas atlanticus'' ke [[:en:Auguste_Pomel|Auguste Pomel]] ka ngwaga wa 1879 go ikaegilwe ka [[:en:Skull|legata]] le marapo a a fitlhetsweng kwa [[:en:Tighennif|Ternifine]], kwa Algeria.<ref>Pomel, A. (1897). "[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k62754098/f48 Elephas atlanticus Pom.]". Les éléphants quaternaires. Paléontologie : monographies. Alger: P. Fontana & Co. pp. 42–59.</ref> * † [[:en:Loxodonta_exoptata|''Loxodonta exoptata'']] e e neng ya akantshiwa ke [[:de:Wilhelm Otto Dietrich|Wilhelm Otto Dietrich]] ka ngwaga wa 1941 e ne e ikaegile ka meno a a fitlhetsweng kwa [[:en:Laetoli|Laetoli]], kwa lefatsheng la [[:en:Tanzania|Tanzania]].<ref>Dietrich, W. O. (1941). "Die säugetierpaläontologischen Ergebnisse der Kohl-Larsen'schen Expedition 1937–1939 im nördlichen Deutsch-Ostafrika". ''Zentralblatt für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paläontologie''. '''B''' (8): 217–223. </ref> * † [[:en:Loxodonta_adaurora|''Loxodonta'']] [[:en:Loxodonta_adaurora|''adaurora'']] e e neng ya akantshiwa ke Vincent Maglio ka ngwaga wa 1970 e ne e le [[:en:Skeleton|lerapo le le feletseng]] le le neng la fitlhelwa kwa [[:en:Kanapoi|Kanapoi]], kwa Kenya.<ref>Maglio, V. J. (1970). [[iarchive:breviora326350harv/page/n291|"Four new species of Elephantidae from the Plio-Pleistocene of northwestern Kenya]]". ''Breviora'' (341): 1–43.</ref> * † [[:en:Loxodonta_cookei|''Loxodonta cookei'']] e e tshitshintsweng ke [[:en:William_J._Sanders|William J. Sanders]] ka ngwaga wa 2007 go ikaegilwe ka meno a a fitlhetsweng kwa Sebopegong sa Varswater kwa Langebaanweg, Aforika Borwa <ref>Sanders, W. (2007). [https://sites.lsa.umich.edu/billsanders/wp-content/uploads/sites/382/2016/04/AP-SANDERS-REVISED.pdf "Taxonomic review of fossil Proboscidea (Mammalia) from Langebaanweg, South Africa"] (PDF). Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa. 62 (1) (Online ed.): 1–16. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]][https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007TRSSA..62....1S :2007TRSSA..62....1S.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1080/00359190709519192|10.1080/00359190709519192.]] [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:27499106 27499106].</ref> === Kamano ya ditshika le tlhabologo === Dikamano tsa ditlou tse di tshelang le tse di nyeletseng tse di ikaegileng ka DNA, morago ga Palkopoulou et al. ngwaga wa 2018.<ref name=":1">Palkopoulou, E.; Lipson, M.; Mallick, S.; Nielsen, S.; Rohland, N.; Baleka, S.; Karpinski, E.; Ivancevic, A. M.; Thu-Hien To; Kortschak, R. D.; Raison, J. M.; Zhipeng, Q.; Tat-Jun C.; Alt, K. W.; Claesson, S.; Dalén, L.; MacPhee, R. D. E.; Meller, H.; Roca, A. L.; Ryder, O. A.; Heiman, D.; Young, S.; Breen, M.; Williams, C.; Aken, B. L.; Ruffier, M.; Karlsson, E.; Johnson, J.; Di Palma, F.; Alfoldi, J.; Adelson, D. L.; Mailund, T.; Munch, K.; Lindblad-Toh, K.; Hofreiter, M.; Poinar, H.; Reich, D. (2018). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5856550 "A comprehensive genomic history of extinct and living elephants"]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 115 (11): E2566–E2574. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018PNAS..115E2566P 2018PNAS..115E2566P.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1073/pnas.1720554115|10.1073/pnas.1720554115]]. [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5856550 5856550]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29483247 29483247].</ref> Mofuta wa bogologolo wa ''Loxodonta'' o o itsiweng ke ''[[:en:Loxodonta_cookei|Loxodonta cookei]]'', ka masalela a mofuta o o itsiweng go tswa mo dingwageng di ka nna didikadike di le supa go ya kwa botlhanong tse di fetileng, go tswa mo masaleleng a a fitlhetsweng kwa Chad, Kenya, Uganda, le Aforika Borwa.<ref name=":4">Sanders, W. J. (2023). Evolution and Fossil Record of African Proboscidea (First ed.). Boca Raton: CRC Press. pp. 154, 205–208. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1201/b20016|10.1201/b20016.]] [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-315-11891-8|978-1-315-11891-8.]]</ref> Tshekatsheko ya [[:en:DNA_sequences|tatelano ya DNA]] ya nuclear e supa gore [[:en:Genetic_divergence|pharologano ya dijini]] magareng ga ditlou tsa sekgwa le tsa sekgwa tsa Aforika e simolotse dingwaga di tlgoa ka didikadike di le pedi tsotlhe le dikete di le makgolo a marataro go ya go didikadike di le tlhano tsotlhe le dikete di le makgolo a marataro. tse di fetileng. Tlou ya sekgwa sa Aforika e fitlhetswe e na le mefutafuta e e kwa godimo ka dikirii ya pharologano ya dijini, e e ka tswang e bontsha go kgaogana ga bonno jwa yona ka nako le nako ka nako ya diphetogo tsa [[:en:Pleistocene|Pleistocene]].<ref name=":3" /> [[:en:Gene_flow|Go elela ga dijini]] fa gare ga mefuta e mebedi ya ditlou tsa Aforika go ne ga sekasekwa mo mafelong a le masome a mabedi le bongwe. Tshekatsheko e senotse gore ditlou di le mmalwa tsa sekgwa tsa Aforika di ne di na le [[:en:Mitochondrial_DNA|DNA e e fitlhelwang mo dikarolong tsa mmele tse di ntshang maatla tsa mitochondria]] ya ditlou tsa sekgwa sa Aforika, se se supang gore di ne tsa kopanngwa go tswa mo mefuteng e mebedi e e farologang mo kgaolong ya phetogo ya lefelo la bojang jo bontsi-sekgwa mo dinakong tsa bogologolo.<ref>Roca, A. L.; Georgiadis, N. & [[:en:Stephen_J._O'Brien|O'Brien, S. J.]] (2004). [https://web.archive.org/web/20131127012455/http://planet.uwc.ac.za/nisl/Biodiversity/pdf/Nature%20Genet%202005%20Roca%20et%20al%20elephant%20phylgeogr.pdf "Cytonuclear genomic dissociation in African elephant species]" (PDF). Nature Genetics. 37 (1): 96–100. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1038/ng1485|10.1038/ng1485.]] [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15592471 15592471]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10029589 10029589]. Archived from [http://planet.uwc.ac.za/nisl/Biodiversity/pdf/Nature%20Genet%202005%20Roca%20et%20al%20elephant%20phylgeogr.pdf the original] (PDF) on 27 November 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2019.</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, le fa go ne go na le go kopana ga ditshedi kwa lefelong la kgolagano magareng ga mefuta e mebedi, go lebega go nnile le kelelo e nnye ya dijini e e atlegileng magareng ga mefuta e mebedi fa e sale e kgaogana ga yone la ntlha.<ref name=":1" /> [[Setshwantsho:Palaeoloxodon phylogeny.svg|thumb|Setshwantsho sa phylogeny se se bontshang maemo a [[:en:Straight-tusked_elephant|tlou ya dinaka tse di tlhamaletseng]] (''Palaeoloxodon antiquus'') fa e bapisiwa le mefuta e mengwe ya ba lelapa la ditlou, se ikaegile ka diphatsa tsa nuklei , go ya ka Palkopoulou le ba bangwe (ngwaga wa 2018). Se gape se bontsha [[:en:Hybrid_(biology)|pharologanyo ya diphatsa]] e e diragetseng ka ntlha ya go [[:en:Introgression|tsalana]] ga mefuta e e farologaneng , fa [[:en:Gene_flow|diphatsa di fetisiwa]] go tswa mo ditloung tsa sekgwa go ya mo ''[[:en:Palaeoloxodon|Palaeoloxodon]]'']] DNA go tswa mo tlou ya karolokgolo ya lefatshe ya Europe e [[:en:Straight-tusked_elephant|e nang le mana a a tlhamaletseng]] (''Palaeoloxodon antiquus'') e supa gore mofuta wa tlou o o sa tlholeng o le teng wa [[:en:Palaeoloxodon|''Palaeoloxodon'']] o amana thata le ditlou tsa Afrika go na le ditlou tsa Asia kgotsa ditlou tse dikgolo. Tshekatsheko ya jenome ya ''P. antiquus'' gape e bontsha gore ''Palaeloxodon'' e [[:en:Hybrid_(biology)|kopantswe thata]] le ditlou tsa sekgwa sa Aforika, mme se sa felela ka [[:en:Hybrid_(biology)|kelelo ya dijini tse di tsenelelang]] go tswa mo ditloung tsa Aforika go ya kwa ''Palaeoloxodon'', ka jenome ya mitochondrial le go feta karolo ya masomea mararo mo lekgolong ya genome ya nyutlea ya ''P. antiquus'' e e tswang mo ''L.cyclotis'' . Losika lo lo gaufi le dipalopalo tsa segompieno tsa Aforika bophirima go na le dipalopalo tsa Aforika bogare tsa ditlou tsa sekgwa.<ref name=":1" /> Tshekatsheko ya di-mitogenome tsa ''[[:en:Palaeoloxodon_huaihoensis|Palaeoloxodon tsa China]]'' e supa gore losika lono lwa ditlou tsa sekgwa lo ne lo abelanwa thata mo ''mefuteng ya Palaeoloxodon''.<ref>Lin, H.; Hu, J.; Baleka, S.; Yuan, J.; Chen, X.; Xiao, B.; Song, S.; Du, Z.; Lai, X.; Hofreiter, M.; Sheng, G. (2023). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10353889 "A genetic glimpse of the Chinese straight-tusked elephants"]. Biology Letters. 19 (7) 20230078. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1098/rsbl.2023.0078|10.1098/rsbl.2023.0078.]] [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10353889 10353889]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37463654 37463654].</ref> == Tlhaloso == === Letlalo ,ditsebe le Selopo === [[Setshwantsho:Elephant skeleton.jpg|thumb|Setshwantsho sa marapo a mmele wa tlou ya sekgwa ya Aforika]] [[Setshwantsho:Loxodonta africana-cyclotis skulls PZSL.png|thumb|Papiso ya ditlhogo tsa ditlou tsa sekgwa (ka fa molemeng) le tsa sekgwa (ka fa mojeng) fa di bonwa kwa pele. Ela tlhoko tlhogo e khutshwane le e e bulegileng ya ''L. cyclotis'', e e nang le phatla e e tshesane mo boemong jwa phatla e e tshesane.]] [[Setshwantsho:African Bush Elephant Skull.jpg|thumb|Legata la tlou e tona ya mo sekgweng ya Aforika le bontshiwa kwa [[:en:Museum_of_Osteology|Lefelong la Polokelo la Thuto ya Marapo]]]] Ditlou tsa Aforika di na le letlalo le le menaganeng le le bosetlha le le bokima jwa di milimetara di le masome a mararo (boleele jwa di inch di le nngwe ntlha pedi ) le le khurumeditsweng ke moriri o o sa tlhomamang, o o nang le ditlhale o o borokwa jo bo gateletseng go ya go bontshong. Moriri o mokhutshwane o o kgonang go amiwa o gola mo selopong , se se nang le dithulaganyo tse pedi tse di tshwanang le menwana kwa ntlheng, fa ditlou tsa Asia tsone di na le e le nngwe fela.<ref name=":0" /> Ditsebe tsa tsone tse dikgolo di thusa go fokotsa mogote wa mmele. Go di phaphatha go dira gore go nne le metsi a mowa mme go senola matlhakore a a kafa teng a ditsebe kwa ditshika tse dikgolo tsa madi di oketsang tatlhegelo ya mogote ka nako ya maemo a bosa a a mogote. Selopo sa tlou ke katoloso e e kgonang go [[:en:Prehensile|tshwara]] ya molomo wa yone o o kwa godimo le nko. Tokololo e, e e nang le kutlo e kgolo e laolwa thata ke tshika wa kutlo ya [[:en:Trigeminal_nerve|trigeminal]], mme go akanngwa gore e tsamaisiwa ke mesifa e e ka nnang dikete di le masome a mane go ya go dikete di le masome a marataro. Ka ntlha ya popego e ya mesifa, selopo sa tlou se nonofile thata mo e leng gore tlou e ka kgona go tsholetsa mo e ka nnang karolo ya boraro mo lekgolong ka bokete jwa mmele wa yone ka sone. Ditlou di dirisa selopo sa tsone go dupa, go ama, go ja, go nwa, go iphara ka lerole, go ntsha medumo, go rwala dilo, go itshireletsa le go tlhasela.<ref name=":5">Shoshani, J. (1978). [[doi:10.22237/elephant/1491234053|"General information on elephants with emphasis on tusks"]]. Elephant. 1 (2) elephant.eP1016: 20–31. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.22237/elephant/1491234053|10.22237/elephant/1491234053]].</ref> Ka dinako dingwe, ditlou di thuma ka fa tlase ga metsi mme di dirisa selopo sa tsone jaaka tšhupu ya go hema ([[:en:Snorkel_(swimming)|snorkel]])<ref>West, J.B. (2002). "[[doi:10.1152/nips.01374.2001|Why doesn't the elephant have a pleural space?".]] News in Physiological Sciences. 17 (2): 47–50. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1152/nips.01374.2001|10.1152/nips.01374.2001]]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11909991 11909991]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:27321751 27321751].</ref> == Dinaka le meno a a ko morago == Ditlou tse ditonanyana le tse di namagadi tsa Aforika ka bobedi di na le dinaka tse di golang go tswa mo [[:en:Deciduous_teeth|menong a a tlhotlhoregang]] a a bidiwang tushes, a a emisediwang ke meno fa dinamane di ka nna ngwaga o le mongwe. Dinaka di bopilwe ka [[:en:Dentin|dentin]], e e bopang dipopego tse dinnye tsa sebopego sa teemane mo gare ga mana a a nnang magolo mo matlhakoreng a lone.<ref name=":5" /> Dinaka di dirisiwa thata go epa medi le go apola lekwati la ditlhare go bona dijo, go lwa ka nako ya go nyala, le go iphemela kgatlhanong le dibatana tse di jang ditshedi tse dingwe. Dinaka tse di bokete jo bo tswang mo dikilogram di le masome a mabedi le boraro go ya go masome a mane le botlhano (bokete jwa di ponto di le masome a matlhano le bongwe go ya masome a borobabongwe le bongwe) mme a ka nna boleele jwa di meter di le bongwe le sephatlho go ya kwa bobedi le ntlha nne (boleele jwa leoto bo le botlhano go ya kwa borobabobeding). Di bobegetse kwa pele mme di tswelela go gola mo botshelong jotlhe jwa tlou.<ref>Burnie, D. (2001). Animal. London: [[:en:Dorling_Kindersley|Dorling Kindersley]].</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Loxodonta africana - Molar of an adult.JPG|thumb|Leino le legolo la tlou ya sekgwa sa Aforika, le le bontshang di-mekoti e e naleng phefo mo marapong a sefatlhego tsa sebopego sa loxodont/lozenge/dithapo tsa boalo jwa bogodimo jwa leino]] [[Setshwantsho:Loxodonta molar diagram.svg|thumb|Setshwantsho sa boalogodimo jwa leino la tlou ya Aforika]] Popego ya meno (dental formula) ya tlou ke:1.0.3.3/0.0.3.3× 2 = 26 (Nngwe, lefela, boraro, boraro/ lefela, lefela, boraro , boraro, tsotlhe di menagantswe gabedi, a bo tsotlhe di lekana le meno a le masome a mabedi le marataro)<ref name=":5" />Tlou e na le meno a magolo a le mane. Leino lengwe le lengwe le bokete jwa dikilogerama di le tlhano ( ponto tse lesome le bongwe) mme le boleele jwa disentimetara di le masome a mararo (inch di le lesome le bobedi). Fa meno a a kwa pele a senyega mme a wa ka dikarolwana, a a kwa morago a sutela kwa pele, mme meno a matona a mabedi a masha a mela kwa morago ga molomo. Ditlou di fetola meno a yone gararo go ya go garataro mo botshelong jwa tsone. Fa e fitlha mo dingwageng di ka nna masome a mane go ya go masome a marataro, e latlhegelwa ke meno a yone a bofelo mme gantsi e swa ka ntlha ya tlala, e leng sengwe sa mabaka a a tlwaelesegileng a loso. Ditlou tsa Aforika di na le meno a le masome a mabedi le mane ka kakaretso, a le marataro mo karolong nngwe le nngwe ya lotlhaya. Dikarolo tsa boalo jo bo ha godimo mo menong a magolo di dinnye ka palo fa di bapisiwa le tsa ditlou tsa Asia.<ref>[[:en:Juliet_Clutton-Brock|Clutton-Brock, J.]] (1987). A Natural History of Domesticated Mammals. Cambridge University Press. p. 208. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-521-34697-5|0-521-34697-5]].</ref> Boalo jwa ya meno a magolo bo apara e bo bo nna le sebopego sa taemane (<>), e leng letshwao le le tlwaelesegileng mo ditloung tsotlhe tsa mofuta wa ''Loxodonta''.<ref name=":4" /> Le fa mefuta mengwe ya ''Loxodonta'' e e nyeletseng e ne e santse e na le meno a sa feleng a [[:en:Premolar|leino le le fa gare ga leino la go gagola le leino la go sila]], meno ao ga sa tlhole a le teng mo mefuteng e mebedi e e sa ntseng e tshela.<ref>Sanders, W. J. (2018). "Horizontal tooth displacement and premolar occurrence in elephants and other elephantiform proboscideans". Historical Biology. 30 (1–2): 137–156. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018HBio...30..137S 2018HBio...30..137S]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1080/08912963.2017.1297436|10.1080/08912963.2017.1297436]].</ref> === Bogolo === Tlou ya naga ya Aforika ke yone phologolo e e kgolo go gaisa tsotlhe tse di [[:en:Terrestrial_animal|tshelang mo lefatsheng]]. Fa maemo a siame mme e ka gola ka botlalo, ditlou tse di godileng tsotlhe di nna boleele jwa dimetara di le pedi tsotlhe le disentimetara di le masome a mane le bosupa go ya go dimetara di le pedi tsotlhe le disentimetara di le masome a supa le boraro mo magetleng (boleele jwa leoto bo le borobaobedi le intšhi e le nngwe go ya go boleele jwa leoto bo le borobabobedi le diintšhi di le lesome le bongwe), mme di nna bokete jwa ditone di le pedi tsotlhe le dikarolo di le thataro go ya go ditone di le tharo tsotlhe le dikarolo di le botlhano (ditone tse ditelele tsotlhe di le pedi tsotlhe le dikarolo di le thataro go ya go ditone tse ditelele tsotlhe di le tharo tsotlhe le dikarolo di le nne; ditone tse dikhutshwane tsotlhe di le pedi tsotlhe le dikarolo di le robongwe go ya go ditone tse dikhutshwane tsotlhe di le tharo tsotlhe le dikarolo di le robongwe) fa dipoo tse di godileng tsotlhe di nna boleele jwa dimetara di le tharo tsotlhe le disentimetara di le nne go ya go dimetara di le tharo tsotlhe le disentimetara di le masome a mararo le borataro (boleele jwa leoto bo le lesome tsotlhe go ya go difaete di le lesome le bongwe), mme ka palogare di nna bokete jwa ditone di le tlhano tsotlhe le dikarolo di le pedi go ya go ditone di le thataro tsotlhe le dikarolo di le robongwe (ditone tse ditelele tsotlhe di le tlhano tsotlhe le karolo e le nngwe go ya go ditone tse ditelele tsotlhe di le thataro tsotlhe le dikarolo di le robedi; ditone tse dikhutshwane tsotlhe di le tlhano tsotlhe le dikarolo di le supa go ya go ditone tse dikhutshwane tsotlhe di le supa tsotlhe le dikarolo di le thataro).Poo e kgolo go tsotlhe e e kileng ya rekotiwa e ne e le boleele jwa dimetara di le tharo tsotlhe le disentimetara di le masome a robongwe le borataro mo magetleng (boleele jwa leoto bo le lesome le boraro), mme go akanngwa gore e ne e le bokete jwa ditone di le lesome tsotlhe le dikarolo di le nne (ditone tse ditelele tsotlhe di le lesome tsotlhe le dikarolo di le pedi; ditone tse dikhutshwane tsotlhe di le lesome le nngwe tsotlhe le dikarolo di le botlhano).<ref>Larramendi, A. (2016). [[doi:10.4202/app.00136.2014|"Shoulder height, body mass and shape of proboscideans"]]. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 61 (3): 537–574. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016AcPaP..61..537L 2016AcPaP..61..537L]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.4202/app.00136.2014|10.4202/app.00136.2014]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:2092950 2092950].</ref>Mokwatla wa yone o kobegile go ya teng gare, fa mokwatla wa tlou ya sekgwa ya Aforika o batla o tlhamaletse.<ref name=":2" />Tlou ya sekgwa ya Aforika e nnye thata fa e bapisiwa le ya naga. Fa maemo a siame mme e gola ka botlalo, dipoo tsa tlou ya sekgwa di akanngwa gore ka palogare di nna boleele jwa dimetara di le pedi tsotlhe le disentimetara di le robongwe go ya go dimetara di le pedi tsotlhe le disentimetara di le masome a mararo le bongwe (boleele jwa leoto bo le thataro tsotlhe le diintšhi di le robongwe go ya go boleele jwa leoto bo le supa tsotlhe le diintšhi di le thataro), mme di nna bokete jwa ditone tsotlhe di le nngwe tsotlhe le dikarolo di le supa go ya go ditone tsotlhe di le pedi tsotlhe le dikarolo di le tharo (ditone tse ditelele tsotlhe di le nngwe tsotlhe le dikarolo di le supa go ya go ditone tse ditelele tsotlhe di le pedi tsotlhe le dikarolo di le tharo; ditone tse dikhutshwane tsotlhe di le nngwe tsotlhe le dikarolo di le robongwe go ya go ditone tse dikhutshwane tsotlhe di le pedi tsotlhe le dikarolo di le botlhano) == Phatlalatso le bonno == Ditlou tsa Aforika di anamisitswe kwa [[:en:Sub-Saharan_Africa|Afrika e e kwa Borwa jwa Sahara]], kwa di nnang mo dikgaolong tsa [[:en:Scrubland|ditlhatshana]] tsa [[:en:Sahel|Sahelian]] le tse di [[:en:Arid|omileng]], [[:en:Tropical_rainforest|dikgwa tsa pula tsa boboatsatsi]], [[:en:Woodland|dikgwa]] tsa [[:en:Mopane|mopane]] le tsa [[:en:Miombo|miombo]]. Ditlou tsa sekgwa sa Aforika di bonwa fela mo Aforika Bogare le Bophirima.<ref>Blanc, J. J.; Thouless, C. R.; Hart, J. A.; Dublin, H. T.; Douglas-Hamilton, I.; Craig, G. C.; Barnes, R. F. W. (2003). [https://books.google.com/books?id=Z418bsp0fQoC African Elephant Status Report 2002: An update from the African Elephant Database]. Occasional Paper of the IUCN Species Survival Commission No. 29. Gland and Cambridge: IUCN. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-2-8317-0707-5|978-2-8317-0707-5.]]</ref> 2acpq6olby5vug0pbzq01ih2smt5u52 2 12816 53609 53434 2026-07-30T07:55:28Z Lonkiey 12521 ke tlhamile ditlhomo dile pedi eleng tlhomo 7 le 8 53609 wikitext text/x-wiki Leina la me ke Lonkiey [[Modirisi:Lonkiey/Draft 1|Draft 1]] - [[Modirisi:Lonkiey/Draft 2|Draft 2]] [[Draft 3]] - [[Draft 4]] [[Draft 5]] - [[Draft 6]] [[Draft 7]] - [[Draft 8]] i459jayui57r0rjfwf6q3y8y0bwjv6w 0 12993 53582 53210 2026-07-29T20:06:08Z Lucrucia98 12161 53582 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Botswana politician}} {{Infobox officeholder | citizenship = [[Botswana]] | occupation = Politician | name = Machana Shamukuni | office = [[Ministry of Justice (Botswana)|Minister of Justice]] | successor = [[Nelson Ramaotwana]] | predecessor1 = [[Mpho Balopi]] | successor1 = ''Office abolished'' | termstart = 2022 | termend = 2024 | termstart1 = 2022 | termstart2 = 2014 | termend2 = 2024 | president = [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]] | president1 = Mokgweetsi Masisi | party = [[Botswana Democratic Party]] | office1 = Minister of Employment, Labour Productivity and Skills Development | office2 = Member of Parliament for [[Chobe District|Chobe]] | termend1 = 2022 }} '''Machana Ronald Shamukuni('''o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e le masome a mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le borataro (1976 ) a bo a tlhokafala ka kgwedi ya Moranang e thola boraro ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le borataro(2026) e ne e le radipolotiki wa Motswana yo o neng a direla jaaka Tona ya Bosiamisi fa e sale lefapha le tlhamiwa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi (2022) go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024).<ref>Staff Writer (2022-12-21). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/prominent-lawyers-not-interested-in-jsc-jobs/news "Prominent lawyers not interested in JSC jobs"]. Mmegi Online. Retrieved 2022-12-29</ref> E ne e le Leloko la Kokoano Bosetšhaba la kgaolo ya Chobe go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014) go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024). == Tiro == Shamukuni o ne a tlhophiwa go emela Chobe mo Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba mo ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone( 2014) fa a ne a fenya mokgethi wa BCP [[Gibson Nshimwe]], a amogela diboutu di le dikete tse nne le lekgolo le lesome le lesome le bone (4,114) go feta tsa ga Nshimwe di le 3,166.<ref>[https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/15351 "Shamukuni is New Chobe MP"]. ''Botswana Daily News''. 2014-10-25. Retrieved 2022-12-29.</ref> Ka nako ya gagwe ya ntlha, Shamukuni o ne a tlhophiwa go nna Mothusa Tona ya Merero ya Tautona.<ref>[https://thepatriot.co.bw/masisis-balancing-act/ "Masisi's balancing act".] ''The Patriot On Sunday''. 2019-11-14. Retrieved 2022-12-29</ref> O ne a fenya ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019) kgatlhanong le mokgatlhô wa UDC Simasiku Mapulanga, a amogela diboutu di le dikete tse nne le makgolo a matlhano le masome a supa le botlhano (4,575) kgatlhanong le tsa ga Mapulanga di le dikete tse tharo le makgolo a mabedi (3,200).<ref>Letsholo, Keamogetse (2019-10-24). [https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/52505 "BDP Retains Chobe Constituency"]. Botswana Daily News. Retrieved 2022-12-29.</ref> Fa paka ya gagwe ya bobedi e simologa, Tautona [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]] ga a ka a mo boloka mo kabineteng e ntšhwa. Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi (2022), Masisi o ne a thapa Shamukuni jaaka Tona ya Ditiro, Tlhagiso ya Badiri le Tlhabololo ya Bokgoni. <ref>Office of the President [@BWPresidency] (2022-01-26). [https://web.archive.org/web/20241130002110/https://x.com/BWPresidency/status/1486262281113636864 "Honourable Machana Ronald Shamukuni has been appointed Minister of Employment, Labour Productivity and Skills Development"] (Tweet). Retrieved 2022-12-29 – via Twitter.</ref>Moragonyana mo ngwageng oo, Masisi o ne a tlhoma Shamukuni jaaka tona ya Lefapha la Bosiamisi le le neng le sa tswa go tlhomiwa.<ref>Peloetletse, Emma A. (2022). "Cabinet Appointments" (Press release). Gabarone, Botswana: Office of the President of Botswana.</ref>Shamukuni o tlhokafetse ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le borataro (2026).<ref>[https://www.mmegi.bw/news/bdp-confirms-shamukunis-passing/news "BDP confirms Shamukuni's passing"]. Mmegi Online. 4 April 2026. Retrieved 4 April 2026.</ref> == Metswedi == {{reflist}} [[Karolo:Mapolotiki a Botswana a dikete tse pedi le bongwe]] [[Karolo:Ditona tsa boatlhodi]] [[Karolo:Ditona tsa khiro]] [[Karolo:Mapolotiki a Botswana]] [[Karolo:Dintsho tsa 2026]] igd2uf3z0yx90bqo1jgtqxdz0namn3z 0 14422 53559 53546 2026-07-29T13:05:34Z Atsile Edith 11759 Ke senotse tsebe e #Wikipedia25BW 53559 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Wikipedia]], e leng [[:en:Online_encyclopedia|ensaetlopedia ya mo maranyaneng]] e e nang le [[:en:Free_content|diteng tse di sa duelelweng]] e e kwadilweng le go tlhokomelwa ke setšhaba sa baithaopi ba ba bidiwang [[:en:Wikipedians|Wikipedians]], e simolotse ka go [[:en:First_Wikipedia_edit|kwalwa ga yone la ntlha]] ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe (2001), malatsi a mabedi morago ga gore lotshwao loo le kwadisiwe.<ref>[http://whois.domaintools.com/wikipedia.org "Wikipedia.org WHOIS, DNS, & Domain Info – DomainTools"]. ''[[:en:WHOIS|WHOIS]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170417083509/http://whois.domaintools.com/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on April 17, 2017. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone, 2026.</ref> E ne ya gola go tswa mo [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia,]] e leng ensaetlopedia e e rulagantsweng sentle e e sa duelelweng, e le tsela ya go letla go kwalwa ga ditlhogo le dithanolo motlhofo le ka bonako. Ditshegetso tsa maranyane le tsa dikgopolo tsa Wikipedia di tla pele ga seno; kakanyo ya ntlha e e itsiweng ya ensaetlopedia ya maranyane e dirilwe ke [[:en:Rick_Gates_(Internet_pioneer)|Rick Gates]] ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le boraro (1993),<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20120415133700/http://history-computer.com/Internet/Conquering/Wikipedia.html "Wikipedia of Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger"]. History Computer. 2010. Archived from [http://history-computer.com/Internet/Conquering/Wikipedia.html the original] on April 15, 2012. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> mme kgopolo ya ensaetlopedia ya [[:en:Free_as_in_freedom|maranyane e e gololesegileng]] (jaaka e [[:en:Alternative_terms_for_free_software|farologana]] le [[:en:Open_source|motswedi o o bulegileng]] fela)<ref>[https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html#open-source "Philosophy"]. GNU. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131014132149/http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html#open-source Archived] from the original on October 14, 2013. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> e ne ya akanngwa ke [[:en:Richard_Stallman|Richard Stallman]] ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi (1998).<ref name=":1">[[:en:Richard_Stallman|Stallman, Richard]] (1998). [https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia-1998-draft.html "The Free Universal Encyclopedia and Learning Resource (1998 Draft)"]. GNU. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210124065108/https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia-1998-draft.html Archived] from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Kgopolo ya ga Stallman e ne e akaretsa ka tlhamalalo kgopolo ya gore ga go na mokgatlho ope o o botlhokwa o o tshwanetseng go laola go rulaganya. Seno se ne se farologana le diensaetlopedia tsa maranyane tsa motlha oo jaaka [[:en:Encarta|Microsoft Encarta]] le ''[[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica|Encyclopedia Britannica]]''. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe (2001), teseletso ya [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]] e ne ya fetolwa go nna [[:en:GFDL|GFDL,]] mme [[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Jimmy Wales]] le [[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] ba ne ba simolola Wikipedia jaaka lenaneo le le tlaleletsang, ba dirisa [[:en:Wiki|wiki]] ya mo maranyaneng jaaka sedirisiwa sa go kwala ka tirisanommogo.<ref>[http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?WikiHistory "WikiHistory"]. [[:en:WikiWikiWeb|WikiWikiWeb]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20020621221535/http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?WikiHistory Archived] from the original on June 21, 2002. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Le fa kwa tshimologong Wikipedia e ne e akanngwa e le lefelo la go kwala mekwalo le dikgopolo tsa gore kgabagare go baakanngwe Nupedia, e ne ya feta e e neng e le teng pele ga yone ka bonako, ya nna lefelo la go kwala dipego le legae la setlhagiswa sa bofelo se se baakantsweng sa lenaneo la lefatshe lotlhe ka makgolokgolo a dipuo, mme seno sa tlhotlheletsa mefuta e e farologaneng ya [[:en:List_of_wikis|mananeo a mangwe a ditshupiso tsa mo maranyaneng]]. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014), Wikipedia e ne e na le babadi ba ka nna didikadike di le makgolo a mane le masome a ferabongwe le botlhano ka kgwedi.<ref name=":10">[https://www.economist.com/news/international/21597959-popular-online-encyclopedia-must-work-out-what-next-wikipeaks "The future of Wikipedia: WikiPeaks?"]. ''[[:en:The_Economist|The Economist]]''. March 1, 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140408202455/http://www.economist.com/news/international/21597959-popular-online-encyclopedia-must-work-out-what-next-wikipeaks Archived] from the original on April 8, 2014. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015), go ya ka [[:en:ComScore|comScore]], Wikipedia e ne ya amogela baeng ba ba kgethegileng ba feta didikadike di le lekgolo le lesome le botlhano ka kgwedi go tswa kwa United States fela.<ref name=":11">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150317071240/http://www.comscore.com/Insights/Market-Rankings/comScore-Ranks-the-Top-50-US-Digital-Media-Properties-for-January-2015 "comScore Ranks the Top 50 U.S. Digital Media Properties for January 2015"]. comScore. February 24, 2015. Archived from [http://www.comscore.com/Insights/Market-Rankings/comScore-Ranks-the-Top-50-US-Digital-Media-Properties-for-January-2015 the original] on March 17, 2015. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2018), diporojekete tseno di ne tsa bonwa baeng mo tsebeng ba le dibilione di le lesome le botlhano le sephatlo ka kgwedi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200124235329/https://stats.wikimedia.org/v2/#/all-projects "Monthly overview"]. ''Wikimedia statistics''. Wikimedia Foundation. Archived from [[stats:v2/#/all-projects|the original]] on January 24, 2020. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> [[File:First_preserved_Main_Page_of_Wikipedia.jpeg|thumb|Tsebe ya boremelelo ya Wikipedia (Sedimonthole a le malatsi a le masome a mabedi ngwaga wa 2001)]] == Kakaretso ya ditso == === Lemorago === Kgopolo ya go kokoanya kitso ya lefatshe mo lefelong le le lengwe e simolotse kwa [[:en:Library_of_Alexandria|lefelong la go bala la bogologolo la Alexandria]] le [[:en:Library_of_Pergamum|Lefelong la go bala la Pergamo,]] mme go na le dilo tsa bogologolo tse di neng tsa tla pele ga kgopolo ya ensaetlopedia e e akaretsang, [[:en:Natural_History_(Pliny)|ditso tse di jaaka Naturalis]] ya ga [[:en:Pliny_the_Elder|Pliny yo Mogolo]], mme kakanyo ya segompieno ya ensaekolopedia e e akaretsang tsotlhe, e e gatisiwang le go anamisiwa kwa bathong ba le bantsi, e simologile ka [[:en:Denis_Diderot|Denis Diderot]] le baitseanape ba Fora ba lekgolo la lesome le borobabobedi la dingwaga ba ba neng ba kwala diensaekolopedia.<ref>Miloš, Todorović (2018). "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/347489594 From Diderot's Encyclopedia to Wales's Wikipedia: a brief history of collecting and sharing knowledge]". ''Časopis KSIO''. '''1''': 88–102. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.5281/zenodo.3235309|10.5281/zenodo.3235309.]] Retrieved October 20, 2021.</ref> Kgopolo ya go dirisa metšhine e e itirisang go feta [[:en:Printing_press|motšhine o o gatisang]] go aga ensaetlopedia e e mosola thata e ka bonwa mo bukeng ya ga [[:en:Paul_Otlet|Paul Otlet]] ya ngwaga wa 1934 ya ''[[:en:Traité_de_Documentation|Traité de Documentation]]''. Otlet gape o ne a tlhoma [[:en:Mundaneum|Mundaneum]], e leng setheo se se neng se ineetse go dira ditshupane tsa kitso ya lefatshe, ka ngwaga wa 1910. Kgopolo e ya ensaetlopedia e e thusiwang ke motšhini e ne ya atolosiwa go ya pele mo bukeng ya ga [[:en:H._G._Wells|H. G. Wells]] ya ditlhamo" [[:en:World_Brain|''World Brain'']] (ngwaga wa1938) le pono ya ga [[:en:Vannevar_Bush|Vannevar Bush]] ya isago ya [[:en:Memex|Memex]] e e neng e dirisa [[:en:Microfilm|filimi e e bolokang ditshwantso ka bogolo jo bonnye]], e a e tlhalositse mo setlhangweng sa gagwe se se bidiwang "[[:en:As_We_May_Think|As We May Think]]" (ngwaga wa 1945).<ref name=":2">Reagle, Joseph (2010). Good Faith Collaboration. The Culture of Wikipedia. MIT Press. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0262014472|978-0262014472.]] Chapter 2: "The Pursuit of the Universal Encyclopedia".</ref> Phitlhelelo e nngwe e ne e le lenaneo la Xanadu la ga [[:en:Ted_Nelson|Ted Nelson]] ya go tlhama ditlhangwa tse dintsi, e e neng ya simolola ka ngwaga wa 1960.<ref name=":2" /> Tiriso ya baithaopi e ne e le botlhokwa thata mo go direng le go tlhokomeleng Wikipedia. Le fa go ntse jalo, le fa go ne go se na inthanete, mananeo tse dikgolo tse di dingalo tsa mofuta o o tshwanang di ne di dirisitse baithaopi. Ka tlhamalalo, go tlhamiwa ga [[:en:Oxford_English_Dictionary|''Thanodi ya Seesemane ya Oxford'']] go ne ga akanngwa ka puo kwa lefelong la dibuka la London, ka Letsatsi la ga [[:en:Guy_Fawkes_Day|Guy Fawkes]], ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele a tlhola malatsi a le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 1857, ke [[:en:Richard_Chenevix_Trench|Richard Chenevix Trench]]. Go tsere dingwaga di ka nna masome a supa go wediwa. Dr. Trench o ne a akanya ka bukantswe e ntšha e kgolo ya lefoko lengwe le lengwe mo puong ya Seesemane, le go dirisiwa ka puso ya batho le batho le ka kgololesego. Go ya ka mokwadi Simon Winchester, "Go dira thulaganyo e, o ne a re, go ne go feta bokgoni jwa motho ope fela. Go bala dibuka tsotlhe tsa Seesemane – le go sekaseka makwalo a dikgang a London le New York le makwalo a dikgang le buka ya tsotlhe a aitseng go bala le go kwala – go na le moo go tshwanetse ga nna 'tiro e e kopaneng ya batho ba le bantsi.' Go tla tlhokega go thapa setlhopha – mo godimo ga moo, se segolo – se gongwe se nang le makgolokgolo le makgolokgolo a batho ba ba sa duelweng, botlhe ba dira jaaka baithaopi."<ref>Winchester, Simon (1998). ''The Professor and the Madman: A Tale of Murder, Insanity, and the Making of the Oxford English Dictionary''. Harpers, p. 106.</ref> Kgatelopele ya maranyane ya tshedimosetso kwa bofelong jwa lekgolo la masome a mabedi la dingwaga e ne ya dira gore go dirwe diphetogo mo mofuteng wa diensaetlopedia. Le fa diensaetlopedia tsa nako e e fetileng, segolobogolo [[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica|''Encyclopædia Britannica'']], gantsi di ne di theilwe mo dibukeng, [[:en:Encarta|Encarta]] ya Microsoft, e e gatisitsweng ka ngwaga wa 1993, e ne e le teng mo CD-ROM e bile e na le [[:en:Hyperlink|dikgolagano tse dintsi]]. Go tlhamiwa ga [[:en:World_Wide_Web|World Wide Web]] go ne ga dira gore go dirwe maiteko a mantsi a go dira [[:en:Online_encyclopedia|mananeo a ensaetlopedia tsa maranyane]]. Tshitshinyo ya ntlha ya ensaetlopedia ya mo inthaneteng e ne e le [[:en:Interpedia|Interpedia]] ka ngwaga wa1993 ke [[:en:Rick_Gates_(Internet_pioneer)|Rick Gates]];<ref name=":0" /> lenaneo le le ne la swa pele ga e tlhagisa diteng dipe tsa ensaetlopedia. Motshegetsi wa [[:en:Free_software|mananeo a sesupaditlhaka sa mahala]] [[:en:Richard_Stallman|Richard Stallman]] o ne a tlhalosa botlhokwa jwa "Ensaetlopedia ya Lefatshe Lotlhe ya Mahala le Motswedi wa go Ithuta" ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":1" /> Tokomane ya gagwe e e gatisitsweng e ne ya tlhalosa kafa go ka "tlhomamisiwang ka gone gore kgatelopele e tswelela pele go ya kwa dipoelong tse di gaisang le tsa tlholego." Motlhami-mmogo wa Wikipedia e bong Jimmy Wales o ne a bolela gore kgopolo ya Wikipedia e ne ya tla fa e ne e le moithuti wa dialogane kwa [[:en:Indiana_University_Bloomington|Mmadikolong wa Indiana]], koo a neng a kgatlhiwa ke katlego ya [[:en:Open-source_movement|mokgatlho wa motswedi o o bulegileng]] mme a fitlhela [[:en:GNU_Manifesto|Lekwalo la maikelelo le bokgoni la ga Emacs]] wa ga Richard Stallman o o rotloetsang [[:en:Free_software_movement|mananeo a sesupaditlhaka a mahala]] le itsholelo ya go abelana e kgatlhang. Wales gape o akgola tlhamo ya ga moitseanape wa itsholelo wa [[:en:Austrian_School|Sekolo sa Austria]] e bong [[:en:Friedrich_Hayek|Friedrich Hayek]], Polelo ya tlhamo ya "[[:en:The_Use_of_Knowledge_in_Society|Tiriso ya Kitso mo Setšhabeng,]]" e a neng a e bala fa a ne a le moithuti wa pele ga kalogo,<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140930011944/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2006/07/31/know-it-all Know It All - The New Yorker]". ''[[:en:The_New_Yorker|The New Yorker]]''. September 30, 2014. Archived from [http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2006/07/31/know-it-all the original] on September 30, 2014. Retrieved November 7, 2024.</ref> jaaka "e e botlhokwa" mo go akanyeng ga gagwe ka ga "kafa a ka laolang lenaneo la Wikipedia ka gone."<ref>Mangu-Ward, Katherine (May 30, 2007). "[https://reason.com/2007/05/30/wikipedia-and-beyond/ Wikipedia and Beyond]". ''Reason.com''. Retrieved November 7, 2024.</ref> Tlhamo e e gatelela gore [[:en:Dispersed_knowledge|tshedimosetso e kgaogantswe fela ka bongwe]]—gore motho mongwe le mongwe o itse fela karolwana e nnye ya se se itsiweng mmogo, ditshwetso di dirwa botoka ke batho ba ba nang le kitso ya lefelo leo, go na le ke bothati jo bo botlhokwa. Ka nako eo, Wales o ne a ithuta tsa madi mme o ne a kgatlhilwe ke ditlhotlheletso tsa batho ba le bantsi ba ba neng ba ntsha seabe jaaka baithaopi mo go tlhameng mananeo a disupaditlhaka tsa mahala, koo dikai di le dintsi di neng di nna le dipholo tse di molemo thata.<ref>[https://play.acast.com/s/dannyinthevalley/wikipediasjimmywales "Wikipedia's Jimmy Wales: "I have this crazy idea that people will pay for free news]"", Danny in the Valley, January 19, 2018, [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055526/https://play.acast.com/s/dannyinthevalley/wikipediasjimmywales archived] from the original on March 16, 2023, retrieved March 16, 2023 Richard Stallman discussed at 20min, with further Open Source discussion at 16min.</ref> Go ya ka mokwalo wa dikgang w ''[[:en:The_Economist|The Economist]]'', Wikipedia "e simolotse mo tsholofelong ya maranyane e e neng e tlhaola inthanete kwa bokhutlong jwa lekgolo la masome a mabedi la dingwaga. E ne e tshwara gore batho ba ba tlwaelesegileng ba ka dirisa disupa ditlhaka tsa bone jaaka didirisiwa tsa kgololesego, thuto, le go sedimosiwa."<ref>[https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher "Wikipedia is 20, and its reputation has never been higher]". The Economist. January 9, 2021. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0013-0613 0013-0613.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20221231224550/https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher Archived] from the original on December 31, 2022. Retrieved August 29, 2022.</ref> === Go tlhama kgopolo === Wikipedia e ne ya akanyediwa kwa tshimologong jaaka lenaneo la phepo ya [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]] e e neng ya tlhongwa kwa Wales, lenaneo la pelenyana la go tlhagisa ensaetlopedia ya mahala ya inthanete, e e neng ya ithaopela go dira ke [[:en:Bomis|Bomis]], kompone ya dipapatso tsa maranyane e e leng ya ga Jimmy, [[:en:Tim_Shell|Tim Shell]] le [[:en:Michael_E._Davis_(businessman)|Michael E. Davis]]. <ref>[[:en:Marshall_Poe|Poe, Marshall]] (September 2006). "[https://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/ The Hive]". The Atlantic Monthly. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061223004004/http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia Archived] from the original on December 23, 2006. Retrieved March 25, 2007. Wales and Sanger created the first Nupedia wiki on 10 January 2001. The initial purpose was to get the public to add entries that would then be "fed into the Nupedia process" of authorization. Most of Nupedia's expert volunteers, however, wanted nothing to do with this, so Sanger decided to launch a separate site called "Wikipedia". Neither Sanger nor Wales looked on Wikipedia as anything more than a lark. This is evident in Sanger's flip announcement of Wikipedia to the Nupedia discussion list. "Humor me", he wrote. "Go there and add a little article. It will take all of five or ten minutes". And, to Sanger's surprise, go they did. Within a few days, Wikipedia outstripped Nupedia in terms of quantity, if not quality, and a small community developed. In late January, Sanger created a Wikipedia discussion list (Wikipedia-L) to facilitate discussion of the project.</ref><ref name=":3">Sidener, Jonathan (December 6, 2004). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20090221005820/http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20041206/news_mz1b6encyclo.html Everyone's Encyclopedia]". ''[[:en:The_San_Diego_Union-Tribune|The San Diego Union-Tribune]]''. Archived from [http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20041206/news_mz1b6encyclo.html the original] on February 21, 2009. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref><ref name=":4">Sanger, Larry (April 18, 2005). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20090722235956/http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05%2F04%2F18%2F164213&tid=95&tid=149&tid=9 The Early History of Nupedia and Wikipedia: A Memoir – Part] I". Archived from [http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05/04/18/164213&tid=95&tid=149&tid=9 the original] on July 22, 2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061108094801/http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05%2F04%2F19%2F1746205&tid=95 "The Early History of Nupedia and Wikipedia: A Memoir – Part II".] [[:en:Slashdot|Slashdot]]. April 19, 2005. Archived from [http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05/04/19/1746205&tid=95 the original] on November 8, 2006. My initial idea was that the wiki would be set up as part of Nupedia; it was to be a way for the public to develop a stream of content that could be fed into the Nupedia process. I think I got some of the basic pages written—how wikis work, what our general plan was, and so forth—over the next few days. I wrote a general proposal for the Nupedia community, and the Nupedia wiki went live January 10. The first encyclopedia articles for what was to become Wikipedia were written then. It turned out, however, that a clear majority of the Nupedia Advisory Board wanted to have nothing to do with a wiki. Again, their commitment was to rigor and reliability, a concern I shared with them and continue to have. Still, perhaps some of those people are kicking themselves now. They (some of them) evidently thought that a wiki could not resemble an encyclopedia at all, that it would be too informal and unstructured, as the original WikiWikiWeb was (and is), to be associated with Nupedia. They of course were perfectly reasonable to doubt that it would turn into the fantastic source of content that it did. Who could reasonably guess that it would work? But it did work, and now the world knows better.</ref>Nupedia e ne ya tlhongwa mo tirisong ya baithaopi ba ba tshwanelegang le thulaganyo ya go [[:en:Peer_review|sekaseka balekane]] e e nang le dikgato di le dintsi.<ref>Kaplan Andreas, Haenlein Michael (2014) Collaborative projects (social media application): About Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Business Horizons, Volume 57 Issue 5, pp. 617–626</ref> Le fa e ne e na le lenaane la barulaganyi ba ba kgatlhegang ba ba fetang dikete tse pedi, le go nna teng ga ga Sanger jaaka morulaganyi-mogolo wa nako e e tletseng,<ref>"[[m:My_resignation--Larry_Sanger|My resignation – Larry Sanger – Meta]]". meta.wikimedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230320142105/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/My_resignation--Larry_Sanger Archived] from the original on March 20, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023. I was more or less offered the job of editing Nupedia when I was, as an ABD philosophy graduate student, soliciting Jimbo's (and other friends') advice on a website I was thinking of starting. It was the first I had heard of Jimbo's idea of an open content encyclopedia, and I was delighted to take the job.</ref> go tlhagisiwa ga diteng tsa Nupedia go ne go le bonya thata, ka dipego di le lesome le bobedi fela tse di kwadilweng mo ngwageng wa ntlha.<ref name=":4" /> Ba-Nupedia ba ne ba tlotla ka ditsela tse di farologaneng tsa go tlhama diteng ka bonako.<ref name=":3" /> Di-wiki di ne di dirisitswe gongwe mo boranyaneng go rulaganya kitso,<ref>[https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2013-01-12-chi-archives-aaron-swartz-20130112-story.html "From the archives: Highland Park teen is finalist in web competition]". ''Chicago Tribune''. January 12, 2013. Retrieved August 21, 2023.</ref> mme kgopolo ya tlaleletso e e theilweng mo di-[[:en:Wiki|wiki]] mo Nupedia e ne ya tlholwa ke motlotlo magareng ga Sanger le Ben Kovitz,<ref name=":5">"[http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?BenKovitz Ben Kovitz]". [[:en:WikiWikiWeb|WikiWikiWeb]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070404030625/http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?BenKovitz Archived] from the original on April 4, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007. – see also Ben Kovitz' fuller account which he links from there.</ref><ref name=":6">Moody, Glyn (July 13, 2006). [https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2006/jul/13/media.newmedia "This time, it'll be a Wikipedia written by experts"]. The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070222023201/http://technology.guardian.co.uk/weekly/story/0,,1818630,00.html Archived] from the original on February 22, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007. – While casting around for a way to speed up article production, Sanger met with Kovitz, an old friend, in January 2001. Kovitz introduced Sanger to the idea of the wiki, invented in 1995 by Ward Cunningham: web pages that anyone could write and edit. "My first reaction was that this really could be what would solve the problem," Sanger explains, "because the software was already written, and this community of people on WikiWikiWeb" – the first wiki – "had created something like 14,000 pages". Nupedia, by contrast, had produced barely two dozen articles. Sanger took up the idea immediately: "I wrote up a proposal and sent it [to Wales] that evening, and the wiki was then set up for me to work on." But this was not Wikipedia as we know it. "Originally it was the Nupedia Wiki – our idea was to use it as an article incubator for Nupedia. Articles could begin life on this wiki, be developed collaboratively and, when they got to a certain stage of development, be put into the Nupedia system."</ref><ref name=":7">Sidener, Jonathan (September 23, 2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20071017041126/http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20060923/news_lz1n23wiki.html "Wikipedia co-founder looks to add accountability, end anarchy]". [[:en:The_San_Diego_Union-Tribune|The San Diego Union-Tribune]]. Archived from [http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20060923/news_lz1n23wiki.html the original] on October 17, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007. The origins of Wikipedia date to 2000, when Sanger was finishing his doctoral thesis in philosophy and had an idea for a Web site.</ref> le ke o mongwe magareng ga Wales le Jeremy Rosenfeld.<ref name=":5" /> Kovitz e ne e le motlhami wa diporokeramo tsa khomphiutha mme a nna mo wiki ya ga [[:en:Ward_Cunningham|Ward Cunningham]] e e fetolang wiki go nna "[[:en:WikiWikiWeb|WikiWikiWeb]]". O ne a tlhalosetsa Sanger gore di-wiki ke eng, fa ba ne ba ja dijo tsa maitseboa ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /><ref>Poe, Marshall (September 2006). "[https://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/3 The Hive"]. [[:en:The_Atlantic_Monthly|The Atlantic Monthly]]. p. 3. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061110160718/http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/3 Archived] from the original on November 10, 2006. Retrieved March 25, 2007. – "Over tacos that night, Sanger explained his concerns about Nupedia's lack of progress, the root cause of which was its serial editorial system. As Nupedia was then structured, no stage of the editorial process could proceed before the previous stage was completed. Kovitz brought up the wiki and sketched out 'wiki magic,' the mysterious process by which communities with common interests work to improve wiki pages by incremental contributions. If it worked for the rambunctious hacker culture of programming, Kovitz said, it could work for any online collaborative project. The wiki could break the Nupedia bottleneck by permitting volunteers to work simultaneously all over the project. With Kovitz in tow, Sanger rushed back to his apartment and called Wales to share the idea. Over the next few days, he wrote a formal proposal for Wales and started a page on Cunningham's wiki called 'Wikipedia.'"</ref>Wales o ne a bolela ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2001 gore "Larry o ne a na le mogopolo wa go dirisa maranyane a sesupa ditlhaka sa Wiki" mo bathong ba ba neng ba boregile ka thulaganyo ya Nupedia,<ref>Wales, Jimmy (October 30, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20140620072830/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2001-October/000671.html LinkBacks]?". Wikimedia. Archived from [[mailarchive:wikipedia-l/2001-October/000671.html|the original]] (Email) on June 20, 2014. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref> mme moragonyana a bolela ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2005 gore Rosenfeld o ne a mo itsise kgopolo ya wiki.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140328235925/http://www.wired.com/techbiz/media/news/2007/05/assignment_zero_citizendium Assignment Zero First Take: Wiki Innovators Rethink Openness]". [[:en:Wired_News|Wired News]]. May 3, 2007. Archived from [https://www.wired.com/techbiz/media/news/2007/05/assignment_zero_citizendium the original] on March 28, 2014. Retrieved November 1, 2007. Wired.com states: "Wales offered the following on-the-record comment in an e-mail to NewAssignment.net editor [and NYU Professor] [[:en:Jay_Rosen|Jay Rosen]] ...' Larry Sanger was my employee working under my direct supervision during the entire process of launching Wikipedia. He was not the originator of the proposal to use a wiki for the encyclopedia project – that was Jeremy Rosenfeld'."</ref> Sanger o ne a akanya gore wiki e tla nna polatefomo e e siameng go e dirisa, mme a tshitshinya mo lenaaneng la go romela la Nupedia gore wiki e e theilweng mo UseModWiki (ka nako eo v. 0.90)e tlhomiwe jaaka lenaneo la "mojesi" ya Nupedia. Ka fa tlase ga setlhogo sa "A re direng wiki", o ne a kwala jaana:<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 10, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414014355/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html Let's make a wiki]". Nupedia mailing list. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Nnyaa, se ga se tshitshinyo e e sa tshwanelang. Ke kakanyo ya go tsenya karolo e nnye mo Nupedia. Jimmy Wales o akanya gore batho ba le bantsi ba ka nna ba fitlhela kgopolo eno e sa amogelesege, mme nna ga ke akanye jalo... Fa e le ka tiriso ya wiki ya Nupedia, eno ke thulaganyo ya BOFELO e e "bulegileng" le e e motlhofo ya go tlhama diteng. Re kile ra buisana gangwe le gape ka megopolo ya diporojeke tse di bonolo, tse di bulegileng thata, tse di ka emelang kgotsa tsa tlaleletsa Nupedia. Go lebega mo go nna gore diwiki di ka dirisiwa ka bonako thata, di tlhoka tlhokomelo e nnye fela, mme ka kakaretso ga di na kotsi e kgolo. Gape di ka nna motswedi o mogolo wa diteng. Ka jalo, ga go na mathata a magolo a a ka nnang teng, go ya ka kafa ke bonang ka teng. Wales e ne ya tlhoma e le nngwe mme ya e tsenya mo maranyaneng ka Laboraro wa kgwedi ya Ferikgong etlhola malatsi a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 2001, ka fa tlase ga karolo ya nupedia.com.<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 10, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030425173342/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html Nupedia's wiki: try it out".] Nupedia mailing list. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html the original] on April 25, 2003.</ref> Se se ne sa sutela kwa wiki e ntšhwa ka fa tlase ga karolo ya wikipedia.com ka kgwedi ya Ferikgonge tlhola malatsia a le lesome le botlhano. Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa, lenaneo la [[:en:GNUPedia|GNUPedia]] la [[:en:Free_Software_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Mananeo a disupa ditlhaka a Mahala]] (FSF) e ne ya tsena mo maranyaneng, e e neng e ka nna ya gaisana le [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]],<ref>"[http://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=9990&threshold=1&commentsort=0&mode=thread&cid=502603 Slashdot Comments | GNUPedia Project Starting]". Slashdot.org. January 17, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220612010030/https://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=9990 Archived] from the original on June 12, 2022. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> mme mo dingwageng di le mmalwa FSF e ne ya rotloetsa batho "go etela le go tsenya letsogo mo [Wikipedia]" boemong jwa seo.<ref>[https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/ "The Free Encyclopedia Project]". GNU.org. 2012 [1999]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121221000617/http://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/ Archived] from the original on December 21, 2012. Retrieved December 20, 2012.</ref> === Go tlhongwa ga Wikipedia === ''Bona gape: [[:en:First_Wikipedia_edit|Tseleganyo ya ntlha ya Wikipedia]], [[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia's_oldest_articles|Wikipedia:Ditlhogo tsa bogologolo tsa Wikipedia]], le [[:en:Wikipedia:First_100_pages|Wikipedia:Ditsebe tsa ntlha di le]]'' ''[[:en:Wikipedia:First_100_pages|lekgolo]]'' Go ne go na le go okaoka mo gare ga barulaganyi ka go bofa Nupedia gaufi thata le kelelo ya tiro ya mofuta wa wiki.<ref name=":4" /> Morago ga gore wiki ya Nupedia e thankgololwe ka fa tlase ga nupedia.com ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 2001,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20030425173342/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html "&#x5B;Nupedia-l&#x5D; Nupedia's wiki: try it out"]. April 25, 2003. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20030425173342/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html the original] on April 25, 2003. Retrieved August 21, 2023.</ref> Wales e ne ya akantshanya go simolola lenaneo le le ntšhwa ka fa tlase ga leina la yone, mme Sanger o ne a akantshanya ''Wikipedia'', a e tlhama jaaka "lenaneo la tlaleletso ya Nupedia e e dirang e e ikemetseng ka nosi gotlhelele."<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 11, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414021138/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html <nowiki>Re: [Advisory-l] The wiki</nowiki>]..." Nupedia mailing list. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Wiki e ntšhwa e ne ya simololwa kwa wikipedia.com ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2001. [[:en:Bandwidth_(computing)|Bophara jwa bogolo jwa kgokaganyo ya maranyane]] le [[:en:Server_(computing)|tsamaiso e e bolokang tshedimosetso]] (e e kwa San Diego) tse di dirisitsweng mo mananeong ao a ntlha di ne tsa neelwa ke Bomis. Badiri ba le bantsi ba pele ba Bomis moragonyana ba ne ba ntsha diteng tsa ensaetlopedia: segolobogolo [[:en:Tim_Shell|Tim Shell]], motlhami-mmogo le moragonyana Mokhuduthamaga wa Bomis, le motlhami wa dithulaganyo Jason Richey. [[Setshwantsho:Jimmy Wales' Mac and the First Wikipedia Edit — "Hello World" (51738433963).jpg|thumb|iMac ya ga Jimmy Wales e ne e dirisiwa go dira tseleganyo ya ntlha mo Wikipedia]] Wales o boletse ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2008 gore o dirile tseleganyo ya ntlha ya Wikipedia, tseleganyo ya teko e e nang le mokwalo o o reng "[[:en:"Hello,_World!"_program|Dumela, Lefatshe]]!", mme se e ka tswa e ne e le mo mofuteng wa bogologolo wa Wikipedia o ka bonako morago ga moo o neng wa phimolwa mme wa emisediwa ka go simolola gape.<ref>Message by Jimmy Wales {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160412003535/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Jimbo_Wales&diff=prev&oldid=258632986|date=12 April 2016}} Wednesday 17 December 2008. Retrieved Saturday 30 January 2010.</ref><ref>Starling, Tim (January 14, 2011). "[[mailarchive:wikien-l/2011-January/108198.html|Hello world]]?". ''WikiEN-l'' (Mailing list). Retrieved June 4, 2022.</ref>Tseleganyo ya ntlha e e neng ya boela mo Wikipedia.com e ne e le ya Tsebe ya Gae ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2001, e e neng e balega jaana "E ke Wikipedia e ntšhwa!"; e ka bonwa [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/908493298|fa]].<ref>Wikipedia's earliest edits were once believed lost, as early [[:en:UseModWiki|UseModWiki]] software deleted data after a month. But on 14 December 2010, [[:en:Tim_Starling|Tim Starling]] found backups on [[:en:SourceForge|SourceForge]] containing every change made to Wikipedia from its creation in January 2001 to 17 August 2001. As of 2019, these were imported into Wikipedia's edit history. Before that, the first edits that had been known were to [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/291430|Wikipedia:UuU]], [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/286342|TransporT]], and [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/11992008|User:ScottMoonen]] on 16 January 2001.</ref> Go nna teng ga lenaneo go ne ga itsisiwe semmuso mme boikuelo jwa gore baithaopi ba nne le seabe mo go tlhameng diteng bo ne jwa dirwa kwa lenaaneng la go romela ka poso la Nupedia ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20030331101007/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000684.html <nowiki>"[Nupedia-l] Wikipedia is up!</nowiki>]". March 31, 2003. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000684.html the original] on March 31, 2003. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Lenaneo le ne la amogela batsayakarolo ba le bantsi ba bašwa morago ga go umakiwa mo lefelong ya maranyane le le naleng tshedimosetso ya [[:en:Slashdot|Slashdot]] ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2001,<ref>"[http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Britannica and Free Content]". Slashdot. July 26, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090114204227/http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Archived] from the original on January 14, 2009.</ref> e setse e umakilwe gabedi ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwo ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref>[http://slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=01/03/02/1422244&tid=99 "Nupedia and Project Gutenberg Directors Answer]". Slashdot. March 5, 2001.</ref><ref>[http://slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=01/03/29/2035230&tid=95 "Everything2 Hits One Million Nodes]". Slashdot. March 29, 2001.</ref> Morago ga moo e ne ya amogela tshupo e e tlhageletseng ya kgang mo lefelong ya maranyane le le naleng tshedimosetso le setso e e rulagantsweng ke baagi ya Kuro5hin, e e rulaganngwang ke setšhaba, e e buang ka maranyane le setso, ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le botlhano.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20011107050810/http://www.kuro5hin.org/story/2001/7/25/103136/121 "Britannica or Nupedia? The Future of Free Encyclopedias]". Kuro5hin. July 25, 2001. Archived from [http://www.kuro5hin.org/story/2001/7/25/103136/121 the original] on November 7, 2001.</ref> Fa gare ga go tsena moo ga batho ba le bantsi, go ne go ntse go na le batho ba le bantsi ba ba neng ba tla go tswa kwa metsweding e mengwe, segolobogolo Google, e e neng e romela makgolokgolo a baeng ba basha mo lefelong e e le nosi letsatsi le letsatsi. [[:en:Mainstream_media|Kgaso ya yone]] [[:en:Mainstream_media|ya bobegakgang]] ya ntlha e kgolo e ne e le mo [[:en:The_New_York_Times|''The New York Times'']] ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref>Meyers, Peter (September 20, 2001). [https://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/20/technology/fact-driven-collegial-this-site-wants-you.html "Fact-Driven? Collegial? This Site Wants You]". The New York Times. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20090415232001/http://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/20/technology/fact-driven-collegial-this-site-wants-you.html Archived] from the original on April 15, 2009. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> === Dikgaogano le go dira gore dilo di nne tsa boditšhabatšhaba === Kwa tshimologong ya tlhabololo ya Wikipedia, e ne ya simolola go atologa kwa mafatsheng a mangwe, ka go tlhamiwa ga [[:en:Namespace|mafelo a masha a maina]], lengwe le lengwe le na le setlhopa se se farologaneng sa [[:en:Username|maina a badirisi]]. [[:en:Subdomain|Karolopotlana]] ya ntlha e e tlhametsweng Wikipedia e e seng ya Seesemane e ne e le [[:en:German_Wikipedia|deutsche.wikipedia.com]] (e e tlhamilweng ka Labotlhano kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2001, mo nakong ya oura e le nngwe le metsotso e le masome a mararo le borobedi kwa morago ga nako ya UTC),<ref>"[[mailarchive:wikipedia-l/2001-March/000049.html|Alternative language Wikipedias]]". Lists. Wikimedia. March 15, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140620120726/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2001-March/000049.html Archived] from the original on June 20, 2014. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> mme morago ga dioura di le mmalwa ya latelwa ke [[:en:Catalan_Wikipedia|catalan.wikipedia.com]] (ka oura ya lesome le boraro le metsotso e le supa mo nakong ya UTC).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20010413083954/http://catalan.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=history&id=HomePage "History of the Catalan Homepage]". Wikipedia. Archived from [https://catalan.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=history&id=HomePage the original] on April 13, 2001. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> [[:en:Japanese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejapane]], e e simolotseng e le nihongo.wikipedia.com, e ne ya tlhamiwa mo pakeng eo,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20010420120143/http://nihongo.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=browse&id=HomePage&revision=3 "Nihongo No Wikipedia: HomePage]". April 20, 2001. Archived from [https://nihongo.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=browse&id=HomePage&revision=3 the original] on April 20, 2001. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20010331173908/http://www.wikipedia.com/ Wikipedia: HomePage]". March 31, 2001. Archived from [https://www.wikipedia.com/ the original] on March 31, 2001. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref>mme kwa tshimologong e ne e dirisa fela [[:en:Romanization_of_Japanese|Sejapane se se fetotsweng sa Seroma]]. Mo dikgweding di ka nna pedi Se-Catalan e ne e le sone se se nang le dipego tse dintsi ka puo e e seng ya Seesemane,<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Multilingual_monthly_statistics_(2001)|Multilingual monthly statistics]]</ref><ref>[https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C3%80bac&oldid=1 "First edition in the Catalan Wikipedia]" (in Catalan). Wikipedia. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201112014959/https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C3%80bac Archived] from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> le fa dipalopalo tsa nako eo ya ntlha di sa nepagala.<ref>This [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Multilingual_monthly_statistics_(2001)&oldid=192353617 table] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210222221921/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3AMultilingual_monthly_statistics_%282001%29&oldid=192353617 Archived] 22 February 2021 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]], for instance, misses Japanese and German articles such as [https://web.archive.org/web/20010421123743/http://nihongo.wikipedia.com/wiki/Nihongo_no_funimekusu this one] and [https://web.archive.org/web/20010411030440/http://deutsche.wikipedia.com/wiki/Nupedia_Deutsch-L_Sektion this one], both dated 6 April 2001.</ref> Wikipedia ya Sefora e tlhamilwe ka kgotsa mo e ka nnang ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome lebongwe ka ngwaga wa 2001,<ref>The [https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikip%C3%A9dia:Historique_de_Wikip%C3%A9dia_en_fran%C3%A7ais&oldid=34816819 Documentation on the French Wikipedia] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210608194149/https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikip%C3%A9dia:Historique_de_Wikip%C3%A9dia_en_fran%C3%A7ais&oldid=34816819 Archived] 8 June 2021 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] mentions the date of 23 March 2001, but this date is not supported by Wikipedia snapshots on the [[:en:Internet_Archive|Internet Archive]], nor by Jason Richey's letter, which was dated 11 May 2001 (see below).</ref> ka lekhubu la diphetolelo tse dišwa tsa puo tse gape di neng di akaretsa [[:en:Chinese_Wikipedia|Setšhaena]], [[:en:Dutch_Wikipedia|Sedatšhe]], [[:en:Esperanto_Wikipedia|Seeseperanto]], [[:en:Hebrew_Wikipedia|Sehebera]], [[:en:Italian_Wikipedia|Sentadiana]], [[:en:Portuguese_Wikipedia|Sepotokisi]], [[:en:Russian_Wikipedia|Serussia]], [[:en:Spanish_Wikipedia|Sepanishe]], le [[:en:Swedish_Wikipedia|Sesweden]].<ref>[[mailarchive:wikipedia-l/2001-May/000116.html|Letter of Jason Richey to wikipedia-l mailing list]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20140620081721/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2001-May/000116.html Archived] 20 June 2014 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] 11 May 2001</ref> Go ise go ye kae dipuo tseno di ne tsa kopanngwa ke [[:en:Arabic_Wikipedia|Searabia]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20011118054300/http://ar.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?HomePage "Homepage from the Internet Archive"]. Wikipedia. Archived from [https://ar.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?HomePage the original] on November 18, 2001. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> le [[:en:Hungarian_Wikipedia|Sehungary]].<ref>[[Wikipedia:Announcements]] May 2001</ref><ref>"[https://www.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=International_Wikipedia&action=history International Wikipedia]". Wikipedia. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa 2001, kitsiso e ne ya solofetsa go ineela mo tlamelong ya dipuo tse dintsi ya Wikipedia,<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Announcements_2001#September_2001|Wikipedia:Announcements 2001]]</ref> e itsise badirisi ka go phatlaldiwa gmo go tlang ga Wikipedias ya dipuo tsotlhe tse dikgolo, go tlhongwa ga maemo a konokono, le go kgaratlhela thanolo ya ditsebe tsa konokono tsa wiki tsa ditsebe tse dišwa tsa wiki. Kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga oo, fa dipalopalo tsa boditšhabatšhaba di ne di simolola go kwalwa la ntlha, go ne ga itsisiwe diphetolelo tsa [[:en:Afrikaans_Wikipedia|Seaforikanse]], [[:en:Norwegian_Wikipedia|Senorway]] le [[:en:Serbian_Wikipedia|Seserbia]].<ref>"[https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:International_wikipedias_statistics International Wikipedias statistics]". [https://web.archive.org/web/20030305012547/http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:International_wikipedias_statistics Wikipedia]. Archived from the original on March 5, 2003. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2002, karolo ya masome a borobabongwe mo lekgolong ya dipego tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia di ne di le ka Seesemane. Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2004, batho ba ba kwa tlase ga karolo ya masome a matlhano mo lekgolong e ne e le Baesemane, mme go dira gore batho ba nne ba boditšhabatšhaba gono go tsweletse go oketsega fa ensaetlopedia e e ntse e gola. Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2014, mo e ka nnang karolo ya masome a borobabobedi le botlhano mo lekgolong ya dipego tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia di ne di le mo mefuteng ya Wikipedia e e seng ya Seesemane.<ref>"[[m:List_of_Wikipedias#Grand_Total|List of Wikipedias – Grand Total (retrieved 2014)]]". Wikimedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20141219233704/http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias#Grand_Total Archived] from the original on December 19, 2014. Retrieved December 20, 2014.</ref> Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2023, Di-Wikipedia tsa Seesemane le tsa Seesemane se se motlhofo di na le dipego di le didikadike di le di le supa fa gare ga tsone, mme mo e ka nnang karolo ya masome a borobabongwe mo lekgolong ya dipego di ne di le mo di-Wikipedia tse e seng tsa Seesemane.<ref name=":12">[[m:List_of_Wikipedias|"List of Wikipedias – Meta]]". meta.wikimedia.org. Retrieved August 21, 2023.</ref> === Tlhabololo ya Wikipedia === [[Setshwantsho:Old Wikipedia.png|thumb|Tsebekgolo ya Wikipedia (Kgwedi ya Lwetse a tlhola malatsi e le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2002)]] Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2002, morago ga go gogelwa morago ga matlole ke Bomis ka nako ya go [[:en:Dot-com_bubble|phutlhama ga dot-com]], Sanger o ne a tlogela Nupedia le Wikipedia ka bobedi.<ref>Schiff, Stacy (July 31, 2006). "[https://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/060731fa_fact Know It All]". [[:en:The_New_Yorker|The New Yorker.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20081122125817/http://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/060731fa_fact Archived] from the original on November 22, 2008. Retrieved April 25, 2009.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2002, ene le Wales ba ne ba sa tshwane ka dikgopolo tsa bone tsa gore ba ka laola jang diensaetlopedia tse di bulegileng sentle. Bobedi jwa bone ba ne ba sa ntse ba tshegetsa kgopolo ya tirisanommogo e e bulegileng, mme ba ne ba sa dumalane ka gore ba ka tshwara jang barulaganyi ba ba kgoreletsang, dikarolo tse di rileng tsa baitseanape, le tsela e e molemolemo ya go kaela porojeke gore e atlege. Wales o ne a tswelela go tlhoma go ipusa le go ikaela [[:en:Business_development|go tswa kwa tlase go ya kwa godimo]] ke barulaganyi mo Wikipedia. O ne a tlhalosa sentle gore ga a kitla a nna le seabe mo tsamaisong ya letsatsi le letsatsi ya morafe, mme o tlaa o rotloetsa go ithuta go itaola le go ipatlela mekgwa e e gaisang. Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2007, Wales e ne ya lekanyetsa seabe sa gagwe thata go ntsha ditshwaelo tsa nako le nako mo dikgannyeng tse di masisi, tiro ya bokhuduthamaga, go buelela kitso, le go rotloetsa diporojeke tse di tshwanang tsa ditshupiso. Sanger o rile ke "moakaretsi" mme o bulegile mo e ka nnang sengwe le sengwe,<ref>Anderson, Nate (February 25, 2007). [https://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars/3 "Citizendium: building a better Wikipedia"]. Ars Technica. [https://web.archive.org/web/20081020001720/http://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars/3 Archived] from the original on October 20, 2008. Retrieved October 22, 2011.</ref> mme a tshitshinya gore baitseanape ba santse ba na le lefelo mo lefatsheng la [[:en:Web_2.0|Web 2.0.]] Ka ngwaga wa 2006 o ne a tlhoma [[:en:Citizendium|Citizendium]], e leng ensaetlopedia e e bulegileng e e neng e dirisa maina a mmatota a batsayakarolo go fokotsa go tseleganya go go kgoreletsang, mme a solofela go tlhofofatsa "kaelo e e bonolo ya baitseanape" go oketsa go nepagala ga diteng tsa yone. Ditshwetso ka ga diteng tsa pego di ne di tshwanetse go nna mo diatleng tsa baagi, mme lefelo le ne le tshwanetse go akaretsa polelo ka ga "diteng tse di siametseng lelapa".<ref>[http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/CZ:Family-Friendly_Policy "Archive: Family-Friendly Policy – Citizendium]". en.citizendium.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20101120030154/http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/CZ:Family-Friendly_Policy Archived] from the original on November 20, 2010. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>Anderson, Nate (February 25, 2007). [https://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars "Citizendium: building a better Wikipedia"]. Ars Technica. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070324225040/http://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars Archived] from the original on March 24, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref> === Diteng tsa nako e e fetileng tsa Wikipedia === Dipego tsa bogologolo, le tse di sa tlholeng di dirisiwa, tsa ensaetlopedia di botlhokwa thata mo dipatlisisong tsa ditso .<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20210126035016/https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/12/encyclopedias-are-time-capsules/419619/ Encyclopedias Are Time Capsules – The Atlantic]". [[:en:The_Atlantic|The Atlantic]]. January 26, 2021. Archived from [https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/12/encyclopedias-are-time-capsules/419619/ the original] on January 26, 2021. Retrieved June 25, 2022.</ref> Mo pegong nngwe le nngwe ya Wikipedia, mefuta e e fetileng e ka fitlhelelwa ka kgokagano ya "Leba ditso" e e kwa godimo ga tsebe. Ditso tse di feletseng tsa dipego tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia le tsone di ka laisololwa jaaka [[:en:Wikipedia:Database_download|dithotobolo tsa tshedimosetso]], ka sebopego sa difaele tsa [[:en:XML|XML]] tse di gateletsweng.<ref>Koehrsen, Will (October 26, 2018). [https://medium.com/towards-data-science/wikipedia-data-science-working-with-the-worlds-largest-encyclopedia-c08efbac5f5c "Wikipedia Data Science: Working with the World's Largest Encyclopedia"]. ''Towards Data Science''. Retrieved February 4, 2025.</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, Polokelo ya Faele ya ZIM,<ref name=":8">[[iarchive:zimarchive|"ZIM File Archive: Free Data: Free Download, Borrow and Streaming]]". Internet Archive. Retrieved June 25, 2022.</ref> kwa [[:en:Internet_Archive|Polokelong ya Maranyane]], e na le dinepe tse di feletseng tsa nako e e fetileng tsa Wikipedia mmogo le ditlhopho tsa dipego, ka dipuo tse dintsi, go tswa mo dingwageng tse di farologaneng. Di ka bulwa ka mananeo a maranyane a [[:en:Kiwix|Kiwix]]. Magareng ga dingwaga tsa 2007 le 2011, go ne ga gololwa [[:en:History_of_Wikipedia#English_Wikipedia_CD/DVD/Kiwix_ZIM_file_releases|mefuta e meraro ya]] [[:en:History_of_Wikipedia#English_Wikipedia_CD/DVD/Kiwix_ZIM_file_releases|polokelo ya CD/DVD]] (e e bidiwang Mofuta wa Wikipedia 0.5, 0.7 le 0.8) e e nang le tlhopho ya dipego go tswa mo [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]]. Di ne tsa nna teng jaaka difaele tsa Kiwix ZIM, go tswa mo Polokelong ya Difaele tsa ZIM<ref name=":8" /> le go tswa mo lefelong la go laisolola ya Kiwix.[70] === Phetogo ya letshwao === [[Setshwantsho:Old wikipedia logo.png|left|thumb|Go tlhongwa – kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2001 (teko)]] <gallery mode="packed"> Setshwantsho:Wiki logo The Cunctator.png|Bofelo jwa ngwaga wa 2001 go ya kwa kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a lesome le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2003 Setshwantsho:Wikipedia-logo-v3-en.png|Kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2003 go ya kwa kgweding ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2010 Setshwantsho:Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg|Kgwedi wa Motsheganong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2010 – ga jaana </gallery> == Molanako == ''Dipego tse di sobokanyang ngwaga le ngwaga di tshwarwa mo teng ga lefelo la maina a lenaneo la Wikipedia mme di golaganngwa le tse di fa tlase. Didirisiwa tse dingwe tsa patlisiso di teng mo teng ga dipalo le dipolokelo tsa Wikipedia, mme di kwadilwe kwa bokhutlong jwa pego eo.'' === Ngwagasome wa ntlha: Ngwaga wa 2000 go ya kwa ngwageng wa 2009 === ==== Ngwaga wa 2000 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Bomis-staff-summer-2000.jpg|thumb|Babereki ba Bomis magareng ga dingwaga tsa 2000]] Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2000, lenaneo la [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]] le ne la simololwa. Maikaelelo a yone e ne e le go gatisa dipego tse di kwadilweng ke baitseanape tse di neng di tla fiwa tetla jaaka [[:en:Free_content|diteng tsa mahala]]. Nupedia e tlhomilwe ke Wales, a nale Sanger e le morulaganyi-mogolo, mme e tshegeditswe ka matlole ke kompone ya papatso ya boranyane ya [[:en:Bomis|Bomis]].<ref>Poe, Marshall (September 2006). "[https://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/ The Hive]". [[:en:The_Atlantic|The Atlantic]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061223004004/http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia Archived] from the original on December 23, 2006. Retrieved January 1, 2007.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2001 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2001, Wikipedia e ne ya simolola e le lenaneo le le kwa thoko ya Nupedia, go letla tirisanommogo mo dipegong pele ga go tsena mo thulaganyong ya tshekatsheko ya balekane.<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 10, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414014355/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html Let's make a wiki"]. Nupedia-l mailing list. Internet Archive. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Leina le le ne la ntshiwa e le kakanyo ke Sanger ka la bo kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le le lesome le bongwe ka ngwaga wa 2001 jaaka [[:en:Portmanteau|kopano ya mafoko]] ''[[:en:Wiki|wiki]]'' ([[:en:Hawaiian_language|Sehawaiian]] a a kayang "bofefo") le ''ensaetlopedia''.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414021138/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html <nowiki>"[Nupedia-l] Re: [Advisory-l] The wiki</nowiki>]..." nupedia.com. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20030414021138/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Maina a kgolagano ya karolo a ''wikipedia.com'' le ''wikipedia.org'' a ne a kwadisiwa ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bobedi <ref>[[:en:Network_Solutions|Network Solutions]] (2007) [http://www.networksolutions.com/whois/results.jsp?domain=wikipedia.com WHOIS domain registration information results for wikipedia.com from Network Solutions] Archived 27 September 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Retrieved 27 July 2007.</ref> le a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro,<ref>[[:en:Network_Solutions|Network Solutions]] (2007). [http://www.networksolutions.com/whois/results.jsp?domain=wikipedia.org "WHOIS domain registration information results for wikipedia.org from Network Solutions] [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927194913/http://www.networksolutions.com/whois/results.jsp?domain=wikipedia.org Archived] 27 September 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]". Retrieved 27 July 2007.</ref> ka go latelana, mme ''wikipedia.org'' e ne ya tsenngwa mo maranyaneng ka lone letsatsi leo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20101006010812/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page "Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20101006010812/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page Archived] from the original on October 6, 2010. Retrieved September 6, 2010.</ref> Lenaneo le ne la bulwa semmuso ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano("[[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Day|Letsatsi la Wikipedia"]]), ka di-Wikipedia tsa ntlha tsa boditšhabatšhaba – dikgatiso tsa Sejeremane, [[:en:Catalan_language|Se-Catalan]], Sefora, [[:en:Swedish_language|Se-Sweden]], le Se-italia– tse di neng tsa tlhamiwa fa gare ga dikgwedi tsa Mopitlo le Motsheganong. Melawana ya "ntlha ya pono e e sa tseyeng letlhakore" ([[:en:Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view|NPOV]]) e ne ya tlhamiwa semmuso ka nako eno, mme lekhubu la ntlha la Wikipedia la [[:en:Slashdot_effect|slashdotter]] le ne la goroga ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le maosme a mabedi le borataro.<ref>"[http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Britannica and Free Content]". Slashdot. July 26, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090114204227/http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Archived] from the original on January 14, 2009.</ref> Pegelo ya ntlha ya bobegakgang ka ga Wikipedia e ne ya tlhagelela ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga 2001 mo mokwalong wa dikgang ywa [[:en:Western_Mail_(Wales)|''Wales ka Sontaga'']].<ref>[[:en:Western_Mail_(Wales)|Wales on Sunday]] (26 August 2001) Knowledge at your fingertips. Game On: Internet Chat.(writing, "Both Encarta and Britannica are official publications with well-deserved reputations. But there are other options, such as homemade encyclopaedias. One is Wikipedia (www.wikipedia.com) which uses clever software to build an encyclopaedia from scratch. Wiki is software installed on a web server that allows anyone to edit any of the pages. On Wikipedia, anyone can write about any subject they know about. The idea is that over time, enough experts will offer their knowledge for free and build up the world's ultimate hand-built database of knowledge. The disadvantage is that it's still an ongoing project. So far about 8,000 articles have been written and the editors are aiming for 100,000.")</ref> [[:en:September_11_attacks|Ditlhaselo tsa kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bongwe]] di ne tsa dira gore go tlhagelele dikgang tse di botlhokwa mo tsebeng ya gae, mmogo le mabokoso a tshedimosetso a a golaganyang dipego tse di amanang le tsone.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20011010233257/http://www.wikipedia.com/ October 2001 homepage screenshot] shows the "Breaking News" header up top, as well as 11 September 2001 block of articles under "Current events"; the [https://web.archive.org/web/20011010230439/http://www.wikipedia.com/wiki/September_11%2C_2001_Terrorist_Attack 9/11] page shows the activist nature of the page, as well as the large number of subtopics created to cover the event.</ref> Ka nako eo, go ne go setse go tlhamilwe dipego di ka nna lekgolo tse di amanang le 9/11 .<ref>Keegan, Brian (November 17, 2020). [https://slate.com/technology/2020/11/wikipedia-september-11-breaking-news.html "How 9/11 Made Wikipedia What It Is Today]". Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210506060557/https://slate.com/technology/2020/11/wikipedia-september-11-breaking-news.html Archived] from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved May 10, 2021.</ref> Morago ga ditlhaselo tsa kgwedi ya Lwetse a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bongwe, go ne ga tlhaga kgokagano ya setlhogo sa Wikipedia se se buang ka ditlhaselo tseno mo [[:en:Yahoo!|Yahoo!]] tsebe ya gae, mme seno sa felela ka gore go nne le koketsego ya pharakano.<ref>Pasternack, Alex (September 11, 2021). [https://www.fastcompany.com/90674998/how-9-11-turned-a-new-site-called-wikipedia-into-historys-crowdsourced-front-page "How 9/11 turned a new site called Wikipedia into history's crowdsourced front page".] Fast Company. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210911121514/https://www.fastcompany.com/90674998/how-9-11-turned-a-new-site-called-wikipedia-into-historys-crowdsourced-front-page Archived] from the original on September 11, 2021. Retrieved September 11, 2021.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2002 ==== Ngwaga wa 2002 e ne ya bona go fokodiwa ga matlole a Wikipedia go tswa go [[:en:Bomis|Bomis]] le go tsamaya ga ga Sanger. Go ne ga nna le go [[:en:Fork_(software_development)|kgaogana]] ga [[:en:Spanish_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sepanishe]], ka go tlhongwa ga [[:en:Enciclopedia_Libre|''Encyclopedia Libre'']]. Jimmy Wales o netefaditse gore Wikipedia ga e kitla e tsamaisa papatso ya kgwebo. Maranyane a sesupaditshwantsho a ntlha a a rwalegang a [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]] a ne a simolola go dira ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsia le masome a matlhano. Go ne ga tlhagisiwa diroboto. Lenaneo la ntlha la kgaitsadi ([[:en:Wiktionary|Wiktionary]]) le [[:en:Manual_of_Style|Bukana ya]] [[:en:Manual_of_Style|mokgwa]] ya ntlha ya semmuso di ne tsa thankgololwa. Batshwaedi ba ka nna makgolo a mabedi ba ne ba tseleganya Wikipedia letsatsi le letsatsi.<ref>Singer, Michael (January 16, 2002). [https://web.archive.org/web/20030316082912/http://siliconvalley.internet.com/news/article.php/3531_956641 "Free Encyclopedia Project Celebrates Year One]". [[:en:Mecklermedia|''Jupitermedia'']]. Archived from [http://siliconvalley.internet.com/news/article.php/3531_956641 the original] on March 16, 2003.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2003 ==== [[Setshwantsho:2003-08-31 English Wikipedia main page.svg|thumb|Tsebekgolo ya Wikipedia (kgwedi ya Phatwe ngwaga wa 2003)]] Wikipedia ya Seesemane e fetile dipego di le dikete tse lekgolo ka ngwaga wa 2003, fa kgatiso e e latelang e kgolo go gaisa, Wikipedia ya Sejeremane, e fetile di le dikete tse lesome. [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] o ne wa tlhongwa. Wikipedia e amogetse letshwao la yone la lefatshe la jigsaw. Difomula tsa dipalo tse di dirisang [[:en:TeX|TeX]] di ne tsa tsenngwa gape mo lefelong la tshedimosetse. [[:de:Wikipedia:Stammtisch München/Archiv/2003|Kopano ya ntlha ya loago ya Wikipedia]] e ne ya tshwarelwa kwa lefelong la [[:en:Munich|Munich]], kwa lefatsheng la Germany, ka Phalane. Melaometheo ya motheo ya tsamaiso ya [[:en:Wikipedia:ArbCom|Katlholo le komiti ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] ("ArbCom") e ne ya tlhamiwa. [[:en:Wikisource|Wikisource]] e ne ya tlhamiwa jaaka lenaneo le le farologaneng ka kgwedi ya Ngwanaitseele a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bone ka ngwaga wa 2003, go amogela metswedi ya mahala ya mafoko jaaka maikaelelo a yone mo dipuong tse dintsi le dithanolo. ==== Ngwaga wa 2004 ==== Letamo la dipego tsa Wikipedia lefatshe ka bophara le ne la tswelela go gola ka bonako ka ngwaga wa 2004, la menagana gabedi ka bogolo mo dikgweding di le lesome le bobedi, go tswa mo dipegong tse di ka fa tlase ga dikete tse makgolo a matlhano kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2003 go ya ko go tse di fetang sedikadike se le sengwe ka dipuo tse di fetang lekgolo kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2004. Dipego tsa Seesemane fela tsa Wikipedia tse di ne tsa dira gore go nne le dipego tse di ka fa tlase ga dikete tse makgolo a matlhano. Dipolase tsa disefara tsa lefelo la tshedimosetso di ne tsa fudusiwa go tswa kwa California go ya kwa Florida. [[:en:Wikipedia:Categories|Ditlhopha]] le dipampiri tsa thulaganyo ya mokgwa wa [[:en:CSS|CSS]] di ne tsa tlhagisiwa. Maiteko a ntlha a go thibela Wikipedia a ne a diragala, ka lefelo la tshedimosetso le ne la thibelwa kwa China dibeke di le pedi ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo. Ditlhopho tsa semmuso di ne tsa simolola tsa boto ya mokgatlho, le Komiti ya Katlholo mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane. Kgaolo ya ntlha ya bosetšhaba ya Motheo, e leng [[:en:Wikimedia_Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]], e ne ya amogelwa. Kopano, ya ntlha ya loago kwa United States e ne ya tshwarelwa kwa [[:en:Boston|Boston]], [[:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/Boston1|ka kgwedi ya Phukwi]]. [[:en:Wikimedia_Commons|Wikimedia Commons]] e tlhamilwe ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola letsatsi le supa ka ngwaga wa 2004 go amogela difaele tsa media tsa Wikipedia ka dipuo tsotlhe. Bourgeois v. Peters,<ref name=":9">"[https://web.archive.org/web/20121221140312/http://www.ca11.uscourts.gov/opinions/ops/200216886.pdf 387 F.3d 1303]" (PDF). Archived from [http://www.ca11.uscourts.gov/opinions/ops/200216886.pdf the original] (PDF) on December 21, 2012. Retrieved November 19, 2013.</ref> (11th Cir. 2004), tsheko ya kgotlatshekelo e e neng ya swetswa ke [[:en:United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eleventh_Circuit|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo ya United States ya Potologo ya Bolesome le bongwe]] e ne e le nngwe ya dikgopolo tsa ntlha tsa kgotlatshekelo go nopola le go nopola Wikipedia.<ref>Peoples, Lee (January 2010). [http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1055&context=yjolt "The Citation of Wikipedia in Judicial Opinions]". Yale Journal of Law and Technology. 12 (1). [https://web.archive.org/web/20150224051512/http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1055&context=yjolt Archived] from the original on February 24, 2015.</ref> E ne ya bolela jaana: "Gape re gana kgopolo ya gore maemo a kgakololo ya matshosetsi a Lephata la Tshireletso ya Naga ka tsela nngwe a siametse dipatlisiso tseno. Le fa maemo a matshosetsi a ne a 'tlhatlositswe' ka nako ya boipelaetso, 'go fitlha ga jaana, maemo a matshosetsi a ntse a le mo mmala o mosetlha (a tlhatlositswe) go ya go mmala wa lamune mo bontsing jwa nako e e fetileng. makgetlo a le mantsi.'"<ref name=":9" /> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabongwe, Wikipedia e ne ya fetola letlalo la yone la thulaganyetsoruri go tswa go [[mw:Skin:Standard|Tlwaelo]] go ya go [[mw:Skin:MonoBook|MonoBook]], segokaganyi se se neng sa nna sa thulaganyo ya ruri mo mafelong a tshedimosetso a Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref>"[[mw:Skin:MonoBook|MonoBook]]". MediaWiki. Retrieved April 30, 2026.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2005 ==== Ka ngwaga wa 2005, Wikipedia e ne ya nna lefelo la tshedimosetso le le ratiwang thata ya ditshupiso mo maranyaneng, go ya ka [[:en:Hitwise|Hitwise]], ka Wikipedia ya Seesemane e le nosi e e fetang dipego di le dikete di le makgolo a supa le botlhano. Dikgoro tsa ntlha tsa Wikipedia tsa dipuo tse dintsi le tsa dirutwa di ne tsa tlhongwa ka ngwaga wa 2005. Kokoanyo ya semmuso ya madi e e neng ya tshwarwa mo kotareng ya ntlha ya ngwaga e ne ya kokoanya mo e ka nnang di dolara tsa lefatshe la Amerika di le dikete tse lekgolo ya go tlhabolola tsamaiso go samagana le tlhokego e e golang. China e ne ya thibela Wikipedia gape ka kgwedi ya Phalane ngwaga wa 2005. Matlhabisaditlhong a ntlha a magolo a Wikipedia, [[:en:Seigenthaler_incident|tiragalo ya ga Seigenthaler]], a diragetse ka ngwaga wa 2005 fa go ne go fitlhelwa gore motho yo o itsegeng thata o na le mokwalo wa botshelo jwa motho jo bo sentsweng jo bo neng bo sa lemogiwe dikgwedi di le dintsi. Morago ga matshwenyego ano le a mangwe,<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons|WP:BLP]] was started on 17 December 2005, with the narrative "I started this due to the Daniel Brandt situation". [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons&oldid=31753956 Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210609020908/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons&oldid=31753956 Archived] 9 June 2021 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]</ref> go ne ga tlhongwa diphetogo tsa ntlha tsa melawana le tsa tsamaiso tse di neng di diretswe ka tlhamalalo go lwantsha mofuta ono wa kgokgontsho. Tse di ne di akaretsa ntšhwafatso e ntšhwa ya molawana wa tshiamelo ya [[m:CheckUser policy|Checkuser]] go thusa mo dipatlisisong tsa [[:en:Sockpuppet_(Internet)|dipopae tsa dikausu]], karolo e ntšhwa e e bidiwang tshireletso ye seng botlalo, molawan o o gagametseng thata wa dibuka tsa botshelo jwa batho ba ba tshelang, le go tshwaya dipego tse di ntseng jalo gore di sekasekwe ka tsela e e gagametseng. Thibelo ya go tlhama dipego tse dišwa go badirisi ba ba kwadisitsweng e ne ya tsenngwa tirisong fela ka kgwedi ya Sedimontholeka ngwaga wa 2005 mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane.<ref>Terdiman, Daniel. "[https://www.cnet.com/culture/growing-pains-for-wikipedia/ Growing pains for Wikipedia"]. CNET. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055529/https://www.cnet.com/culture/growing-pains-for-wikipedia/ Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Wikimania ya ngwaga wa 2005, e leng bokopano jwa ntlha jwa [[:en:Wikimania|Wikimania]], e ne ya tshwarwa go tloga ka letsatsi la bone go fitlha ka letsatsi la borobabobedi ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2005 kwa ''Haus der Jugend'' kwa [[:en:Frankfurt|Frankfurt]], mme ya ngoka batho ba ka nna makgolo a le mararo le masome a borobabobedi ba ba neng ba le teng. ==== Ngwaga wa 2006 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikimania - the Wikimentary.webm|thumb|Wikimania – Tokomane ya Wikimania, filimi e e buang ka Wikimania ngwaga wa 2005, e e nang le [[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Jimmy Wales]] le [[:en:Ward_Cunningham|Ward Cunningham]]]] Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona pego ya yone ya bo ikadike, [[:en:Jordanhill_railway_station|seteišene sa terena sa Jordanhill]], ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo a tlhola letsatsi ,ka ngwaga wa 2006.<ref>Simon, Matt (March 1, 2012). [https://www.wired.com/2012/03/march-1-2006-english-wikipedias-millionth-entry-pulls-into-the-station/https://www.wired.com/2012/03/march-1-2006-english-wikipedias-millionth-entry-pulls-into-the-station/ "March 1, 2006: English Wikipedia's Millionth Entry Pulls Into the Station]". [[:en:Wired_(magazine)|Wired]]. Retrieved April 1, 2024.</ref><ref>Lemon, Sumner (March 2, 2006)[https://www.computerworld.com/article/2563140/millionth-english-article-posted-on-wikipedia.html . "Millionth English article posted on Wikipedia"]. [[:en:Computerworld|''Computerworld'']]. Retrieved April 1, 2024.</ref> Tlhopho ya ntlha ya pego ya Wikipedia e e amogetsweng e ne ya dirwa gore e kgone go laisololwa mahala, mme "Wikipedia" e ne ya kwadisiwa jaaka letshwaokgwebo la Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia. [[:en:United_States_congressional_staff_edits_to_Wikipedia|Matlhabisa ditlhong a]] [[:en:United_States_congressional_staff_edits_to_Wikipedia|mokwalo wa botshelo jwa motho ya bathusi ba phutego]]– ditiragalo tse dintsi tse mo go tsona badiri ba phutego le motsamaisi wa letsholo ba neng ba tshwarwa ba leka go fetola botshelo jwa motho ya Wikipedia ka ha sephiring – a ne a lemogiwa ke setšhaba, mme se sa dira gore motsamaisi wa letsholo a tlogele tiro. Le fa go ntse jalo, Wikipedia e ne ya tsewa e le nngwe ya matshwaokgwebo a matlhano a a kwa godimo a lefatshe ka bophara a ngwaga wa 2006.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070321033410/http://www.brandchannel.com/start1.asp?fa_id=352 "brandchannel.com | branding news]". March 21, 2007. Archived from [http://www.brandchannel.com/start1.asp?fa_id=352 the original] on March 21, 2007. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Jimmy Wales o ne a supa kwa [[:en:Wikimania_2006|Wikimania]] [[:en:Wikimania_2006|wa ngwaga wa 2006]] gore Wikipedia e fitlheletse bogolo jo bo lekaneng mme a kopa gore go gatelelwa boleng, gongwe se se tlhagisitsweng sentle mo pitsong ya [[:en:Wikipedia:100,000_feature-quality_articles|dipego di le dikete tse lekgolo tsa boleng jwa dikarolo]]. Go ne ga tlhamiwa tshiamelo e ntšhwa, "botlhokomedi", e e letlang mefuta e e rileng ya ditsebe tse di bolokilweng tse di nang le diteng tse di sa amogelesegeng go tshwaiwa jaaka tse di sa bonweng. Tshireletso e e seng kalo kgatlhanong le tshenyo e e sa itsiweng, e e neng ya tlhagisiwa ka ngwaga wa 2005, e ne ya itshupa e ratwa thata go feta ka fa go neng go solofetswe ka teng, ka ditsebe di feta dikete tse di neng tsa sirelediwa ka bontlhabongwe ka nako epe fela ka ngwaga wa 2006. ==== Ngwaga wa 2007 ==== Wikipedia e ne ya tswelela go gola ka bonako ka ngwaga wa 2007, e na le diakhaonto tsa barulaganyi tse di kwadisitsweng di feta didikadike di le tlhano ka kgwedi ya Phatwe a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro.<ref>See the special page: [[:en:Special:Statistics|Special:Statistics]]: 5,078,036 registered user accounts as of 13 August 2007, excluding anonymous editors who have not created accounts.</ref> Dikgatiso tsa dipuo di le makgolo a mabedi le botlhano tsa Wikipedia di ne di na le palogotlhe e e kopantsweng ya dipego di le didikadike di le supa ntlha tlhano e leng palogotlhe ya mafoko a le didikadike di le bongwe ntlha supa le bone, ka kgwedi ya Phatwe a tlhola a malatsi a le lesome le boraro .<ref>Source: [[:en:Wikipedia:Size_comparisons|Wikipedia:Size comparisons]] as of 13 August 2007</ref> Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona dipego ka selekanyo se se tlhomameng sa di le sekete se le sengwe le makgolo a supa ka letsatsi,<ref>From around Q3 2006 Wikipedia's growth rate has been approximately linear, source: [[:en:Wikipedia:Statistics|Wikipedia:Statistics]] – new article count by month 2006–2007.</ref> ka leina la kgolagano ya karolo la wikipedia.org le le mo maemong a bo lesome a a naleng ditiro tse dintsi mo lefatsheng. Wikipedia e ne ya tswelela go bonala [[:en:Category:Wikipedia_publicity|mo bobegakgannyeng]] – [[:en:Essjay_controversy|kganetsano ya ga Essjay]] e ne ya runya fa leloko le le tlhageletseng la Wikipedia le ne le fitlhelwa le buile maaka ka dintlha tsa gagwe tsa boitshupo. [[:en:Citizendium|Citizendium]], e leng ensaetlopedia e e gaisanang ya mo maranyaneng, e ne ya thankgololwa phatlalatsa. Tlwaelo e ntšhwa e ne ya tlhagelela mo Wikipedia, ka ensaetlopedia e e neng e bua le batho ba go itsege ga bone go neng go tswa mo go nneng motsayakarolo mo kgannyeng ya dikgang ka go oketsa kaelo go tswa mo leineng la bone go ya kwa kgannyeng e kgolo, go na le go tlhama pego e e tlhaolegileng ya mokwalo wa botshelo jwa motho.[<ref>e.g., cases such as [[:en:Crystal_Mangum|Crystal Mangum]] and Daniel Brandt.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2007, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona pego ya yone ya didikadike di le pedi, [[:en:El_Hormiguero|''El Hormiguero'']].<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20170708005830/https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Press_releases/Wikipedia_Reaches_2_Million_Articles English Wikipedia Reaches 2 Million Articles"]. [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]]. September 9, 2007. Archived from [[foundationsite:wiki/Press_releases/Wikipedia_Reaches_2_Million_Articles|the original]] on July 8, 2017. Retrieved June 3, 2012.</ref> Go ne ga nna le kganetsano nngwe kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2007 fa [[:en:Volapük_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Volapük]] e ne e tlola go tswa ko dipegong di le makgolo a supa, masome a borobabongwe le bosupa go ya go feta dikete tse lekgolo le bongwe le dikete tse pedi, ka bokhutshwane ya nna kgatiso ya bo lesome le botlhano e kgolo go gaisa tsotlhe ya Wikipedia, ka ntlha ya go tlhamiwa ga ditlhogo tse di itirisang ke motlhoafaledi wa puo e e agilweng ya [[:en:Volapük|Volapük]]<ref>"[http://www.pcworld.pl/artykuly/56502/MySpace.kontra.Facebook.html#t_34252 Ciekawe wydarzenia w Internecie]". PC World (Polish) (in Polish). December 1, 2007. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131106024950/http://www.pcworld.pl/artykuly/56502/MySpace.kontra.Facebook.html#t_34252 Archived] from the original on November 6, 2013. Retrieved April 26, 2013.</ref><ref>Yves Nevelsteen (September 15, 2007). [http://www.liberafolio.org/2007/volapukapedio "Volapuko jam superas Esperanton en Vikipedio"]. Libera Folio (in Esperanto). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130329091247/http://www.liberafolio.org/2007/volapukapedio Archived] from the original on March 29, 2013. Retrieved April 26, 2013.</ref>. Go ya ka [[:en:MIT_Technology_Review|''MIT Technology Review,'']] palo ya barulaganyi ba ba tlhagafetseng ka bontsi jwa dinako mo Wikipedia ya puo ya Seesemane e ne ya fitlha kwa setlhoeng ka ngwaga wa 2007 go feta dikete tse masome a matlhano le bongwe, mme fa e sa le ka nako eo e ntse e fokotsega.<ref>Simonite, Tom (October 22, 2013). "[https://www.technologyreview.com/2013/10/22/175674/the-decline-of-wikipedia/ The Decline of Wikipedia]". [[:en:MIT_Technology_Review|MIT Technology Review]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220731083716/https://www.technologyreview.com/2013/10/22/175674/the-decline-of-wikipedia/ Archived] from the original on July 31, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2020.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang kangwaga wa 2007, go ne ga gatisiwa tokololo ya tlhopho ya pego ya Wikipedia ya Mofuta wa 0.5.<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 Wikipedia:Version 1.0 Editorial Team]", Wikipedia, June 12, 2022, [https://web.archive.org/web/20220707222542/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 archived] from the original on July 7, 2022, retrieved June 25, 2022</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2008 ==== [[:en:WikiProject|Mananeo a Wiki]] a a farologaneng mo mafelong a le mantsi a ne a tswelela go atolosa le go tokafatsa diteng tsa pego mo teng ga bogolo jwa tsone. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2008, go ne ga tlhamiwa pego ya Wikipedia ya didikadike di le lesome, mme kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya feta dipego di le didikadike di le dikete tse pedi le botlhano. ==== Ngwaga wa 2009 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2009 ka oura ya masome a mabedi le bobedi le metsotso e le lesome le botlhano mo nakong ya UTC, morago [[:en:Death_of_Michael_Jackson|ga loso lwa ga Michael Jackson]], lefelo la tshedimosetso le ne la phutlhama ka nakwana. [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] o begile gore go ne ga nna le baeng ba ba ka nnang didikadike ba ba neng ba le kwa mokwalong wa botshelo jwa ga Jackson mo lobakeng lwa oura e le nngwe, gongwe e le baeng ba bantsi mo lobakeng lwa oura e le nngwe ba ba neng ba le kwa pegong epe fela mo ditsong tsa Wikipedia. Kwa bokhutlong jwa kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2009, palo ya dipego mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia e ne e fetile didikadike di le lesome le bone .<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140305100104/https://stats.wikimedia.org/EN/TablesArticlesTotal.htm Wikipedia Statistics, Article count (official)]". Wikimedia.org. Archived from [[stats:EN/TablesArticlesTotal.htm|the original]] on March 5, 2014.</ref> Setlhogo sa didikadike di le tharo mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane, [[:en:Beate_Eriksen|Beate Eriksen]], se tlhamilwe ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2009 ka nako ya oura ya bone le metsotso e le metlhano, go ya ka Nako ya Lefatshelotlhe e e Rulagantsweng (UTC).<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2009-08-17/News_and_notes&oldid=309138115 Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2009-08-17/News and notes"], Wikipedia, August 20, 2009, [https://web.archive.org/web/20210609111443/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2009-08-17/News_and_notes&oldid=309138115 archived] from the original on June 9, 2021, retrieved March 16, 2023</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2009, Wikipedia ya Sejeremane e ne ya feta dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe, mme ya nna kgatiso ya bobedi morago ga Wikipedia ya Seesemane go dira jalo. Setlhogo sa [[:en:Time_(magazine)|''TIME'']] se ne sa kwala Wikipedia mo gare ga mafelo a tshedimosetso a a gaisang tsa ngwaga wa 2009.<ref>"[http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1918031_1918016_1917948,00.html Wikipedia – 50 Best Websites 2009]" [https://web.archive.org/web/20111202174857/http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1918031_1918016_1917948,00.html Archived] 2 December 2011 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. TIME. 24 August 2009. Retrieved 24 November 2011.</ref> Diteng tsa Wikipedia di ne tsa fiwa tetla ka fa tlase ga tetla ya [[:en:Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike|Creative Commons ya go Abelana]] ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref>"[[m:Licensing_update/Timeline|Licensing update/Timeline – Meta".]] meta.wikimedia.org. October 30, 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220817062932/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Licensing_update/Timeline Archived] from the original on August 17, 2022. Retrieved August 29, 2022.</ref> === Ngwagasome wa bobedi: ngwaga wa 2010 go ya kwa ngwageng wa 2019 === ==== Ngwaga wa 2010 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a masome a mabedi le bone, ditsamaiso tse di bolokang ditshedimosetso tsa Wikipedia tsa karolo kgolo ya lefatshe e e naleng mafatshe ya Europe di ne tsa tswa mo maranyaneng ka ntlha ya bothata jwa go gotela thata. [[:en:Failover|Go palelwa]] ke ditsamaiso tsa poloko ya tshedimosetso kwa Florida go ne ga itshupa go robegile, ga dira gore tharabololo ya [[:en:Domain_Name_System|DNS]] ya Wikipedia e palelwe go ralala lefatshe. Bothata bo ne jwa rarabololwa ka bonako, mme ka ntlha ya ditlamorago tsa go boloka DNS, mafelo mangwe a ne a le bonya go kgona go bona Wikipedia gape go feta a mangwe.<ref>Bergsma, Mark (March 24, 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20100327123357/http://techblog.wikimedia.org/2010/03/global-outage-cooling-failure-and-dns/ "Global Outage (cooling failure and DNS)"]. Wikimedia Technical Blog. Archived from [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2010/03/global-outage-cooling-failure-and-dns/ the original] on March 27, 2010. Retrieved March 30, 2010.</ref><ref>Perez, Juan Carlos (March 25, 2010). [https://www.pcworld.com/article/192410/wikipedia_suffers_global_collapse.html "Wikipedia Suffers Global Collapse"]. PC World. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100329132858/http://www.pcworld.com/article/192410/wikipedia_suffers_global_collapse.html Archived] from the original on March 29, 2010. Retrieved March 30, 2010.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganonga tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro, lefelo la tshedimosetso le ne la golola sebopego se sesha sa yone. Dikarolo tse disha di ne di akaretsa letshwao le le ntšha, didirisiwa tse di ntšha tsa go tsamaya mo lefelong la tshedimosetso le, le sedirisiwa sa go thusa go tlhama dikgokagano<ref name=":17">"[https://web.archive.org/web/20100822062045/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special%3AUsabilityInitiativePrefSwitch New features]". [[:en:Wikipedia|Wikipedia]]. Archived from [[:en:Special:UsabilityInitiativePrefSwitch|the original]] on August 22, 2010. Retrieved September 6, 2010.</ref>. Le fa go ntse jalo, sebopego sa bogologolo se ne sa tswelela se le teng gore se dirisiwe ke ba ba neng ba batla go tswelela ba se dirisa. Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bobedi, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya feta palo ya ditlhogo di le didikadike di le dikete tse tharo le botlhano fa setlhogo sa sedikadike sa ntlha sa Wikipedia ya Sefora se ne sa tlhamiwa ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bongwe. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro, go ne ga dirwa tokafatso ya sedikadike ya ntlha mo mananeong otlhe a Wikimedia. Mo tshimologong ya ngwaga wa 2010, go ne ga gatisiwa kgatiso ya Wikipedia Version 0.7, e e neng e na le tlhopho ya dipego.<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 Wikipedia:Version 1.0 Editorial Team"], Wikipedia, June 12, 2022, [https://web.archive.org/web/20220707222542/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 archived] from the original on July 7, 2022, retrieved June 25, 2022</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2011 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Armwikicake.png|thumb|Nngwe ya [[c:Wikipedia 10 Photo gallery#Wikipedia_10_Cakes|dikuku di le mmalwa]] tse di dirilweng go keteka ngwaga wa bo lesome wa Wikipedia ka ngwaga wa 2011<ref>[[tenwiki:Main_Page|"Wikipedia 10"]]. Ten.wikipedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131231212611/http://ten.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page Archived] from the original on December 31, 2013. Retrieved February 26, 2014.</ref>]] Wikipedia le badirisi ba yone ba ne ba tshwara meletlo e le mentsi lefatshe ka bophara go gopola [[:en:Wikipedia:10_years_of_Wikipedia|ngwaga wa bo]] [[:en:Wikipedia:10_years_of_Wikipedia|lesome]] wa lefelo leo ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano.<ref>Wikipedia celebrates a decade of edit wars, controversy, and Internet dominance [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2011/011111-wikipedia-decade.html?hpg1=bn networkworld.com] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120315204326/http://www.networkworld.com/news/2011/011111-wikipedia-decade.html?hpg1=bn Archived] 15 March 2012 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]</ref> Lefelo leo le ne la simolola maiteko a go atolosa kgolo ya lone kwa India, mme la tshwara bokopano jwa lone jwa ntlha jwa India kwa Mumbai ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2011.<ref>Vaidyanathan, Rajini (November 19, 2011). [https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-15803308 "Wikipedia hosts India conference amid expansion push"]. BBC News. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055525/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-15803308 Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN1116765620110112 "Wikipedia, 10 years old, targets India]". Reuters. January 12, 2011. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110114211053/http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN1116765620110112 Archived] from the original on January 14, 2011. Retrieved January 13, 2011.</ref> [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] e fetile letshwao la dipego di le didikadike di le dikete tse tharo le botlhano ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a mabedi, mme ya fitlha go dipego di le didikadike di le dikete tse tharo le borobabobedi ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola malatsia le lesome le borobabobedi. Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola malatsia le supa ka ngwaga wa 2011, [[:en:German_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejeremane]] e ne ya feta diphetogo tsa ditsebe di le didikadike di le lekgolo, mme ya nna kgatiso ya bobedi ya puo go dira jalo morago ga kgatiso ya Seesemane, e e neng ya fitlhelela diphetogo tsa ditsebe di le didikadike di le makgolo a matlhano ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola malatsi a le masome le bobedile bone ka ngwaga wa 2011. [[:en:Dutch_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sedatšhe]] e ne ya feta dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le lesomele bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2011 e nna kgatiso ya bone go dira jalo. Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo a tlhola malatsi a le mararo ka ngwaga wa 2011, go ne ga gatisiwa kgololo ya tlhopho ya pego ya Wikipedia ya Mofuta wa 0.8.<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_0.8&oldid=998970578 Wikipedia:Version 0.8"], Wikipedia, January 7, 2021, [https://web.archive.org/web/20220705013507/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_0.8&oldid=998970578 archived] from the original on July 5, 2022, retrieved June 25, 2022</ref> Setempe sa "Wikimania 2011 – Haifa, Iseraele" se ne sa ntshiwa ke Israel Post ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola malatsi a le mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2011. Se e ne e le setempe sa ntlha se se neng se neetswe lenaneo le le amanang le Wikimedia. Magareng ga malatsi a mane le borataro a kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2011, [[:en:Italian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Italy]] e ne ya nna e e sa fitlhelegeng ka bomo go ipelaetsa kgatlhanong le molao o o tshitshintsweng wa [[:en:Italian_Parliament|Palamente ya Italy]] wa [[:en:DDL_intercettazioni|DDL intercettazioni]], o, fa o ka amogelwa, o neng o tla letla motho ope fela go pateletsa mafelo a tshedimosetso go ntsha tshedimosetso e e tsewang e le e e seng boammaaruri kgotsa e e kgopisang, kwantle ga go ntsha bosupi.<ref>[https://www.pcmag.com/archive/italian-wikipedia-hidden-to-protest-wiretap-law-288689 "Italian Wikipedia Hidden To Protest WireTap Law"]. PC Magazine. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055529/https://www.pcmag.com/archive/italian-wikipedia-hidden-to-protest-wiretap-law-288689 Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Gape ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2011, Wikimedia e ne ya itsise go simololwa ga [[:en:Wikipedia_Zero|Wikipedia Zero]], e leng letsholo la go kgontsha phitlhelelo ya mahala ya megala ya mosokela tsebeng mo Wikipedia mo ditshebang tse di tlhabologang ka tirisanommogo le badirisi ba megala ya mosokela tsebeng.<ref>Kapoor, Amit (October 26, 2011). [https://blog.wikimedia.org/2011/10/26/wikipedia-seeks-global-operator-partners-to-enable-free-access/ "Wikipedia seeks global operator partners to enable free access]". Wikimedia blog. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150717070411/http://blog.wikimedia.org/2011/10/26/wikipedia-seeks-global-operator-partners-to-enable-free-access/ Archived] from the original on July 17, 2015.</ref><ref>"[[mw:Wikipedia_Zero|Wikipedia Zero]]". MediaWiki. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120529101704/http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikipedia_Zero Archived] from the original on May 29, 2012. Retrieved May 27, 2012.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2012 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikimedia Foundation Wikipedia Blackout SOPA January 18, 2012.theora.ogv|thumb|Babereki ba kwa [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlhong wa Wikimedia]] ka nako ya fa go ne go kgaoga emisiwa tirelo ya lefelo la tshedimosetso mo SOPA]] Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlholamalatsi a le lesome le borataro, motlhami-mmogo wa Wikipedia [[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Jimmy Wales]] o ne a itsise gore Wikipedia ya Seesemane e tla [[:en:2012_Wikipedia_blackout|tswallwa ruri]] dioura di le masome a mabedi le bone ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e le lesome le borobabobedi jaaka karolo ya boipelaetso jo bo neng bo ikaeletse go bitsa tlhokomelo ya setšhaba mo Molaong o o tshitshintsweng wa go [[:en:Stop_Online_Piracy_Act|Emisa Borukhutlhi jwa Inthanete]] le [[:en:PROTECT_IP_Act|Molao wa PROTECT IP]] , e leng melao e mebedi e e [[:en:Copyright_infringement|kgatlhanong le borukhutlhi jwa dithoto tsa bakwadi]] jwa [[:en:United_States_Congress|puthego ya United States]] ka fa tlase ga ngangisano. Ba ne ba bitsa kemiso ya tirelo ye ya lefelo la tshedimosetso "tshwetso ya baagi", Wales le baganetsi ba bangwe ba melao ba ne ba dumela gore e tla tsenya puo e e gololesegileng le boitshimololedi jwa mo inthaneteng mo kotsing.<ref>Ortenzi, T. J. (January 17, 2012). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/blogpost/post/wikipedia-blackout-coming-jan-18-says-co-founder-jimmy-wales/2012/01/16/gIQAh2Ke3P_blog.html "Wikipedia blackout coming Wednesday, says co-founder Jimmy Wales"]. The Washington Post. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160306052240/https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/blogpost/post/wikipedia-blackout-coming-jan-18-says-co-founder-jimmy-wales/2012/01/16/gIQAh2Ke3P_blog.html Archived] from the original on March 6, 2016. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Go emisa tirelo ga nakwana mo go tshwanang le mo go ne ga dirwa ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome ke [[:en:Russian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Russia,]] go ipelaetsa kgatlhanong le molao o o tshitshintsweng wa taolo ya inthanete ya Russia.<ref>[https://www.express.co.uk/news/world/332016/Russian-Wikipedia-shuts-in-protest "Russian Wikipedia shuts in protest]". UKPA via Google. July 10, 2012.</ref> Mo bokhutlong jwa kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2012, [[m:Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]] e ne ya itsise ka [[:en:Wikidata|Wikidata]], e leng boalo jwa lefatshe lotlhe jwa go abelana tshedimosetso fa gare ga dikgatiso tsotlhe tsa dipuo tsa Wikipedia.<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/wikipedia/posts/158388724283345 "Wikidata announcement on Facebook]". Wikimedia Deutschland. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160101031943/https://www.facebook.com/wikipedia/posts/158388724283345 Archived] from the original on January 1, 2016. Retrieved October 28, 2015.</ref><ref>Chalabi, Mona (April 26, 2013). "[https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2013/apr/26/wikidata-launch Welcome to Wikidata! Now what?]". [https://web.archive.org/web/20211002152920/https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2013/apr/26/wikidata-launch Archived] from the original on October 2, 2021. Retrieved October 2, 2021.</ref> Lenaneo la Wikidata la didolara di le didikadike di le sekete le bosupa tsa Amerika e ne e tlamelwa ke Google, [[:en:Gordon_and_Betty_Moore_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Gordon le Betty Moore]], le Setheo sa Allen sa Botlhale jwa Maitirelo<ref>Terdiman, Daniel. [https://www.cnet.com/culture/wikidata-to-provide-structured-data-for-all-wikipedia-versions/ "Wikidata to provide structured data for all Wikipedia versions"]. CNET. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055527/https://www.cnet.com/culture/wikidata-to-provide-structured-data-for-all-wikipedia-versions/ Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Wikimedia Deutschland e ne ya tsaya maikarabelo a kgato ya ntlha ya Wikidata, mme kwa tshimologong e ne e rulagantse go dira gore boalo bo nne teng mo barulaganying ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2012. Kgato ya ntlha ya Wikidata e ne ya simolola go dira ka botlalo ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2013.<ref>Perez, Sarah (March 30, 2012). [https://techcrunch.com/2012/03/30/wikipedias-next-big-thing-wikidata-a-machine-readable-user-editable-database-funded-by-google-paul-allen-and-others/ "Wikipedia's Next Big Thing: Wikidata, A Machine-Readable, User-Editable Database Funded By Google, Paul Allen And Others]". TechCrunch. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120817042610/http://techcrunch.com/2012/03/30/wikipedias-next-big-thing-wikidata-a-machine-readable-user-editable-database-funded-by-google-paul-allen-and-others/ Archived] from the original on August 17, 2012.</ref><ref name=":13">Pintscher, Lydia (February 13, 2013). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130219054033/http://blog.wikimedia.de/2013/02/13/wikidata-live-on-the-english-wikipedia/ "Wikidata live on the English Wikipedia]". Wikimedia Deutschland. Archived from [[the original]] on February 19, 2013. Retrieved February 15, 2013.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Justin Anthony Knapp (cropped).jpg|thumb|Justin Knapp]] Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2012, [[:en:Justin_Knapp|Justin Knapp]] o ne a nna mokwadi wa ntlha a le mongwe go dira diphetogo tse di fetang sedikadike se le sengwe mo Wikipedia.<ref>Titcomb, James (April 20, 2012). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/wikipedia/9215151/First-man-to-make-1-million-Wikipedia-edits.html "First man to make 1 million Wikipedia edits".] The Daily Telegraph. [https://web.archive.org/web/20151119233646/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/wikipedia/9215151/First-man-to-make-1-million-Wikipedia-edits.html Archived] from the original on November 19, 2015. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>Skelton, Alissa (April 24, 2012). [https://mashable.com/archive/wikipedia-volunteer-editor "Wikipedia Volunteer Editor Reaches 1 Million Edits"]. Mashable. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055529/https://mashable.com/archive/wikipedia-volunteer-editor Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Jimmy Wales o ne a akgola Knapp ka tiro ya gagwe mme a mo fa sekgele sa lefelo la tshedimosetso e le sa ''Barnstar'' ''e e'' ''Kgethegileng s'' le kabelo ya ''Golden Wiki'' ka ntlha ya phitlhelelo ya gagwe.<ref>"[https://www.engadget.com/2012/04/20/one-million-wikipedia-edits/ Hardest working man on the internet passes one million Wikipedia edits".] Engadget. April 20, 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120820003926/http://www.engadget.com/2012/04/20/one-million-wikipedia-edits Archived] from the original on August 20, 2012. Retrieved September 3, 2012.</ref> Wales gape e ne ya bolela gore kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi e tla nna "Letsatsi la ga Justin Knapp".<ref>Skelton, Alissa (April 23, 2012). [http://mashable.com/2012/04/23/wikipedia-volunteer-editor/ "Wikipedia Volunteer Editor Reaches 1 Million Edits"]. Mashable. [https://web.archive.org/web/20151119235227/http://mashable.com/2012/04/23/wikipedia-volunteer-editor/ Archived] from the original on November 19, 2015. Retrieved October 24, 2012.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2012, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona dipego tsa yone tsa didikadike di le nne, [[:en:Ezbet_El_Borg|Izbat al-Burj]].<ref>[http://blog.wikimedia.org.uk/2012/07/english-language-wikipedia-hits-4-million-articles/ "English language Wikipedia hits 4 million articles]!". [[:en:Wikimedia_UK|Wikimedia UK]] Blog. Wikimedia UK. July 13, 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121222030833/http://blog.wikimedia.org.uk/2012/07/english-language-wikipedia-hits-4-million-articles/ Archived] from the original on December 22, 2012. Retrieved July 13, 2012.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2012, raditso le morulaganyi wa Wikipedia [[:en:Richard_J._Jensen|Richard J. Jensen]] o ne a ntsha mogopolo wa gore Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne e "gaufi le go wediwa", a tlhokomela gore palo ya barulaganyi ba ba dirang ka dinako tsotlhe e ne e wetse tlase thata fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 2007, le fa Wikipedia e ne e gola ka bonako mo palong ya dipego le mo babading.<ref>Rosen, Rebecca J. (October 25, 2012). [https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/10/surmounting-the-insurmountable-wikipedia-is-nearing-completion-in-a-sense/264111/ "Surmounting the Insurmountable: Wikipedia Is Nearing Completion, in a Sense]". The Atlantic. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121028064456/http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/10/surmounting-the-insurmountable-wikipedia-is-nearing-completion-in-a-sense/264111/ Archived] from the original on October 28, 2012. Retrieved October 27, 2012.</ref> Go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Inthanete ya Alexa]], Wikipedia e ne e le lefelo la tshedimosetso la borataro le le tumileng thata mo lefatsheng go tloga ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2012.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org "Amazon Alexa]". alexa.com. Archived from [https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org the original] on August 25, 2020. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> [[:en:AllThingsD|Dow Jones]] e ne ya baya Wikipedia mo maemong a botlhano lefatshe ka bophara go tloga ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2012.<ref>[http://allthingsd.com/20121220/the-fifth-biggest-site-in-the-world-operated-on-a-budget-of-27m-last-year "The Fifth-Biggest Site in the World Operated on a Budget of $27M Last Year"]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131206225138/http://allthingsd.com/20121220/the-fifth-biggest-site-in-the-world-operated-on-a-budget-of-27m-last-year/ Archived] from the original on December 6, 2013. Retrieved December 3, 2013., by Liz Gannes; AllThingsD became a subsidiary of Dow Jones & Company Inc in 2005 and was absorbed into [[:en:The_Wall_Street_Journal|WSJ.com]] during 2013.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2013 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:Italian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya SeItaly]] e ne ya nna kgatiso ya botlhano ya puo ya Wikipedia go feta dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe, fa Wikipedia ya [[:en:Russian_Wikipedia|Se-Russia]] le ya [[:en:Spanish_Wikipedia|Sespanishe]] e ne ya oketsega ka dipego tsa tsone tsa sedikadike ka malatsi a le lesome le bongwe le lesome le borataro a kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka go latelana. Ka letsatsi la lesome le botlhano la kgwedi ya Phukwi di-Wikipedia tsa [[:en:Polish_Wikipedia|Se-Sweden]] le ka Lwetse a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bone tsa [[:en:Polish_Wikipedia|Se-Poland]] di ne tsa bona dipego tsa tsone tsa didikadike, mme tsa nna dikgatiso tsa borobabobedi le tsa borobongwe tsa Wikipedia go dira jalo. Ka letsatsi la masome a mabedi le bosaupa la kgwedi ya Ferikgong, [[:en:Main_belt_asteroid|asteroid ya konokono ya lebanta]] [[:en:274301_Wikipedia|274301]] e ne ya bidiwa semmuso "Wikipedia" ke [[:en:Committee_for_Small_Body_Nomenclature#Minor_planets|Komiti ya Maina a Mmele o Mennye]].<ref>Workman, Robert (February 5, 2013). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130206105134/http://www.technewsdaily.com/16749-asteroid-named-wikipedia.html "Asteroid Re-Named 'Wikipedia'"]. [[:en:TechMediaNetwork,_Inc.|TechNewsDaily]]. Archived from [http://www.technewsdaily.com/16749-asteroid-named-wikipedia.html the original] on February 6, 2013. Retrieved February 7, 2013.</ref> Kgato ya ntlha ya polokelo ya tshedimosetso ya [[:en:Wikidata|Wikidata]], e e neng e tlamela ka dikgokagano tsa dipuo tse di farologaneng le tshedimosetso e nngwe ka go itirisa, e ne ya nna teng mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2013.<ref name=":13" /> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:Direction_centrale_du_renseignement_intérieur|tirelo ya sephiri ya Fora]] e ne ya bonwa molato ka go leka go tlhotlhomisa Wikipedia ka go tshosetsa moithaopi wa Wikipedia ka go tshwarwa ntle le fa "tshedimosetso ya sephiri" ka ga [[:en:Pierre-sur-Haute_military_radio_station|seteišene sa radio sa sesole]] e ka phimolwa.<ref>Willsher, Kim (April 7, 2013). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/apr/07/french-secret-service-wikipedia-page "French secret service accused of censorship over Wikipedia page"]. The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20130930145033/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/apr/07/french-secret-service-wikipedia-page Archived] from the original on September 30, 2013. Retrieved April 9, 2013.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Wikimania 2013 - VisualEditor - The present and future of editing our wikis.webm|thumb|Pontsho ka ga [[:en:VisualEditor|Motseleganyi wa Ditshwantsho]] wa Wikipedia]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi, go ne ga simololwa thulaganyo ya go fetola ya [[:en:VisualEditor|VisualEditor]], e e neng ya bopa kgato ya ntlha ya maiteko a go letla gore dipego di fetotswe ka segokaganyi se se tshwanang le sa [[:en:Word_processor|setlhagisa mafoko]] go na le go dirisa [[:en:Wiki_markup|tshwao ya wiki]].<ref name=":18">Arthur, Charles (July 2, 2013). [https://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2013/jul/02/rabbit-contact-lens "Boot up: wireless contact lens, Wikipedia's visual editing, Samsung's share slide and more"]. The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131104201314/http://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2013/jul/02/rabbit-contact-lens Archived] from the original on November 4, 2013. Retrieved July 2, 2013.</ref> Go ne ga simololwa gape le morulaganyi yo o diretsweng [[:en:Smartphone|megala ya letheka ya segompieno]] le didirisiwa tse dingwe tsa megala ya mosokela tsebeng.<ref name=":19">Gonera, Juliusz (July 25, 2013). "[[diffblog:2013/07/25/edit-wikipedia-on-the-go/|Edit Wikipedia on the go]]". Diff. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230325104612/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2013/07/25/edit-wikipedia-on-the-go/ Archived] from the original on March 25, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2014 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikipedia Edit 2014.webm|left|thumb|Tshekatsheko ya sesupa ditshwantso sa diteng tsa Wikipedia ka ngwaga wa 2014, e rotloetsa babogedi go tseleganya Wikipedia]] Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2014, lenaneo la go dira kgatiso e e gatisitsweng ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane, e e nang le bogolo bo le sekete le ditsebe di feta didikadike di le dingwe le dikete di le lekgolo, e ne ya simololwa ke batsayakarolo ba Wikipedia ya Sejeremane.<ref name=":10" /> Lenaneo le ne le batla matlole ka [[:en:Indiegogo|Indiegogo]], mme e ne e ikaeletse go tlotla meneelo ya barulaganyi ba Wikipedia.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/feb/20/wikipedia-1000-volume-print-edition-crowdfunding "Wikipedia 1,000-volume print edition planned"]. The Guardian. February 20, 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140311014332/http://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/feb/20/wikipedia-1000-volume-print-edition-crowdfunding Archived] from the original on March 11, 2014. Retrieved April 12, 2014.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2014, sefikantswe sa ntlha sa Wikipedia se ne sa bulwa kwa toropong ya Poland ya Slubice.<ref>Day, Matthew (October 10, 2014). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/poland/11153603/Polish-town-to-build-statue-honouring-Wikipedia.html "Polish town to build statue honouring Wikipedia"]. The Daily Telegraph. [https://web.archive.org/web/20141011191441/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/poland/11153603/Polish-town-to-build-statue-honouring-Wikipedia.html Archived] from the original on October 11, 2014. Retrieved October 11, 2014.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola letsatsi le le borobabobedi, lesome le botlhano ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo, le kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2014, [[:en:Waray_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Waray]], [[:en:Vietnamese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Vietnam]] le [[:en:Cebuano_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Cebuano]] nngwe le nngwe ya tsone e ne ya feta letshwao la pego e le sedikadike se le sengwe. E ne e le Wikipedia ya bolesome, ya bolesome le bongwe le ya bolesom le bobedi go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Le fa di ne di na le badirisi ba le mmalwa fela ba ba matlhagatlhaga, di-Wikipedia tsa puo ya Se-Waray le Se-Cebuano di ne di na le palo e e kwa godimo ya dipego tse di tlhamilweng ka go itirisa tse di tlhamilweng ke di roboto. ==== Ngwaga wa 2015 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikipedia 5 million articles milestone video November 2015.ogv|thumb|Ditshwantsho tse di tshikinyegang tse di tshwayang phitlhelelo ya Wikipedia ya Setswana ya dipego di le didikadike di le tlhano ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e le letsatsi ka ngwaga wa 2015]] Mo bogareng jwa ngwaga wa 2015, Wikipedia e ne e le lefelo la tshedimosetso ya bosupa e e tumileng thata mo lefatsheng go ya [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Maranyane a Alexa]] ,<ref name=":14">[http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org# "Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20171009035134/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on October 9, 2017. Retrieved October 9, 2017.</ref> e ne e le kwa tlase ka lefelo le le lengwe go tswa mo maemong a e neng e le mo go one ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2012. Kwa tshimologong ya ngwaga wa 2015, Wikipedia e ne ya nna ensaetlopedia e kgolo go gaisa tsotlhe ya kitsokakaretso mo inthaneteng, ka palogotlhe e e kopantsweng ya dipego tse di fetang didikadike di le masome a mararo le borataro tsa lefelo le legolo mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a borobabongwe le bongwe.<ref name=":12" /> Ka palogare, Wikipedia e amogela palogotlhe ya dipono tsa ditsebe tsa lefatshe lotlhe di le dibilione di le lesome go tswa mo baeting ba ba kgethegileng ba ka nna didikadike di le makgolo a mane le masome a borobabongwe le botlhano kgwedi le kgwedi,<ref name=":10" /><ref>[[stats:wikimedia/squids/SquidReportPageViewsPerCountryOverview.htm|"Wikimedia Statistics"]]. April 20, 2011. [https://web.archive.org/web/20111020212633/http://stats.wikimedia.org/wikimedia/squids/SquidReportPageViewsPerCountryOverview.htm Archived] from the original on October 20, 2011. Retrieved October 14, 2011.</ref> go akaretsa le baeng ba le didikadike di le masome a borobabobedi le botlhano go tswa kwa lefatsheng la United States fela,<ref name=":11" /> kwa e leng lefelo la borataro le le ratiwang thata.<ref name=":14" /> [[Setshwantsho:Print Wikipedia (no subtitles).webm|thumb|Motaki [[:en:Michael_Mandiberg|Michael Mandiberg]] o bua ka [[:en:Print_Wikipedia|Wikipedia e e Gatisitsweng]].]] [[:en:Print_Wikipedia|Gatisa Wikipedia]] e ne e le lenaneo la botaki le le dirilweng ke [[:en:Michael_Mandiberg|Michael Mandiberg]] le le neng la dira gore go nne le bokgoni jwa go gatisa bogolo jwa volume di le dikete tse supa ,makgolo a mane le masome a supa le boraro tsa Wikipedia jaaka e ne e le teng ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a supa ka ngwaga wa 2015. Bogolo jwa volume nngwe le nngwe e na le ditsebe di le makgolo a le supa mme ke di le lekgolo le lesome fela tse di gatisitsweng ke motaki.<ref>Schuessler, Jennifer (June 16, 2015). [https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/17/books/moving-wikipedia-from-computer-to-many-many-bookshelves.html "Moving Wikipedia From Computer to Many, Many Bookshelves"]. [[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20161202120645/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/17/books/moving-wikipedia-from-computer-to-many-many-bookshelves.html Archived] from the original on December 2, 2016. Retrieved December 24, 2016.</ref> Ka letsatsi le le lengwe la kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2015, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e fitlheletse dipego di le didikadike tse tlhano ka go tlhamiwa ga pego ka ga [[:en:Persoonia_terminalis|''Persoonia terminalis'']], mofuta wa setlhatshana. Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boraro, Wikipedia e ne ya amogela [[:en:Princess_of_Asturias_Awards|''Sekgele sa Kgosigatsana ya Asturias sa Tirisanommogo ya Boditšhabatšhaba.'']]<ref>"[https://elpais.com/tecnologia/2015/06/17/actualidad/1434535111_709353.html Wikipedia, Premio Princesa de Asturias de Cooperación]". El País (in Spanish). June 17, 2015. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1134-6582 1134-6582]. Retrieved February 4, 2026.</ref><ref>Poyo, Ana (October 22, 2015). [https://www.vogue.es/moda/news/articulos/agenda-premios-princesa-asturias-2015-ceremonia-entrega-reyes-felipe-letizia-mejores-looks-leonor-de-borbon/23909 "Los Premios Princesa de Asturias 2015 (al detalle)"]. ''Vogue España'' (in European Spanish). Retrieved February 4, 2026.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2016 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le le lesome le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2016, [[:en:Japanese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejapane]] e ne ya feta letshwao la dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe, mme ya nna Wikipedia ya bolesometharo go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Setlhogo sa sedidikadike se ne se le sa Wave 224, e leng sekepe sa ka fa tlase ga metsi sa [[:en:World_War_II|Ntwa ya Lefatshe ya bobedi]] sa Sesole sa Lewatle sa Bogosi jwa Japane. Mo bogareng jwa ngwaga wa 2016, Wikipedia e ne ya nna gape lefelo la tshedimosetso la borataro le le tumileng thata mo lefatsheng go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]],<ref>"[http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org# Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160706214359/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on July 6, 2016. Retrieved July 7, 2016.</ref> e tlhatlogile ka lefelo le le lengwe go tswa mo maemong a e neng e le mo go one mo ngwageng o o fetileng. ==== Ngwaga wa 2017 ==== Mo bogareng jwa ngwaga wa 2017, Wikipedia e ne ya kwalwa jaaka lefelo la tshedimosetso ya botlhano e e ratiwang thata mo lefatsheng go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]],<ref>"[http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org# Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170704011642/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on July 4, 2017. Retrieved July 4, 2017.</ref> e tlhatlogile lefelo le le lengwe go tswa mo maemong a e neng e le mo go one mo ngwageng o o fetileng. Wikipedia Zero e dirilwe gore e nne teng kwa Iraq le kwa Afganistan. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabongwe 2017, [[:en:Block_of_Wikipedia_in_Turkey|go fitlhelela Wikipedia mo maranayaneng go ne ga thibelwa mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo kwa Turkey]] ke balaodi ba Turkey. Go thibelwa mo go ne ga tswelela go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano,ka ngwaga wa 2020, ka gonne [[:en:Judicial_system_of_Turkey|kgotlatshekelo ya Turkey]] e ne ya atlhola gore thibelo e e tlola ditshwanelo tsa batho. [[:en:Japanese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejapane]] e e tsenngwang mokgwa wa tshireletso kwa China fa e sale ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole a tlhola malatsia le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2017.<ref>[https://en.greatfire.org/https/ja.wikipedia.org "ja.wikipedia.org]". ''[[:en:GreatFire|GreatFire]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180120065845/https://en.greatfire.org/https/ja.wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on January 20, 2018. Retrieved April 7, 2018.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2018 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2018, palo ya dipego tsa [[:en:Chinese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Setšhaena]] e ne ya feta sedikadike se le sengwe mme ya nna Wikipedia ya bolesome le bone go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Wikipedia ya Setšhaena e thibetswe kwa [[:en:Mainland_China|Nagengkgolo ya China]] fa e sale ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 2015.<ref>[https://www.theverge.com/2015/9/4/9260981/jimmy-wales-wikipedia-china "Wikipedia founder defends decision to encrypt the site in China".] September 4, 2015. Archived from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved April 17, 2018.</ref> Moragonyana mo ngwageng, ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borataro , [[:en:Portuguese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sepotokisi]] e ne ya feta letshwao la dipego di le sedikadike ose le sengwe, ya nna Wikipedia ya bolesome le botlhano go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Setlhogo sa sedikadike e ne e le [[:pt:Perdão de Richard Nixon|Perdão de Richard Nixon]] ([[:en:Pardon_of_Richard_Nixon|Tshwarelo ya ga Richard Nixon)]]. Ka ngwaga wa2018, Wikipedia e ne ya boloka lenaane la yone jaaka lefelo la tshedimosetso ya botlhano e e ratiwang thata mo lefatsheng go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Inthanete ya Alexa]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org "Wikipedia.org Traffic, Demographics and Competitors – Alexa"]. alexa.com. Archived from the original on August 25, 2020. Retrieved October 28, 2018.</ref> Ntlha nngwe e e tlhomologileng e ne e le tiriso ya [[:en:Artificial_Intelligence|Botlhale jwa Maitirelo]] go tlhama dipego tse di kwadilweng ka ditlhogo tse di neng di tlhokomologilwe.<ref>"[https://www.theverge.com/2018/8/8/17663544/ai-scientists-wikipedia-primer AI spots 40,000 prominent scientists overlooked by Wikipedia]". The Verge. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180809023533/https://www.theverge.com/2018/8/8/17663544/ai-scientists-wikipedia-primer Archived] from the original on August 9, 2018. Retrieved October 28, 2018.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2019 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola masome a mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2019, balaodi ba China ba ne ba atolosa Wikipedia go nna mefuta ya dipuo tsotlhe.<ref>Gandolfo, Ryan. "[http://www.thatsmags.com/beijing/post/27660/wikipedia-currently-down-in-china Wikipedia Currently Down in China"]. That's Beijing. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190424081614/http://www.thatsmags.com/beijing/post/27660/wikipedia-currently-down-in-china Archived] from the original on April 24, 2019. Retrieved April 24, 2019.</ref><ref>Sukhbir Singh; Arturo Filastò; Maria Xynou (May 4, 2019). [https://ooni.io/post/2019-china-wikipedia-blocking/ "China is now blocking all language editions of Wikipedia"]. Open Observatory of Network Interference. Retrieved May 7, 2019. The following chart, based on OONI data, illustrates that multiple language editions of Wikipedia have been blocked in China as of April 2019.{...}OONI measurements show that many of these Wikipedia domains were previously accessible, but all measurements collected from 25 April 2019 onwards present the same DNS anomalies for all Wikipedia sub-domains.{...}Based on these tests, we were able to conclude that China Telecom does in fact block all language editions of Wikipedia by means of both DNS injection and SNI filtering.</ref> Nako ya go thibela e ne ya tsamaisana le [[:en:30th_anniversary_of_the_1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests|ngwaga wa masome a mararo a segopotso]] wa [[:en:1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre|ditshupetso le polao ya batho ba le bantsi kwa Tiananmen Square ka ngwaga wa 1989]] le ngwaga wa bo lekgolo wa [[:en:May_Fourth_Movement|Mokgatlho wa Motsheganong wa Bone]], mme seo sa felela ka gore [[:en:Internet_censorship_in_China|inthanete e tlhotlhomisiwe thata kwa China.]]<ref>[https://www.news18.com/news/world/ahead-of-tiananmen-anniversary-chinese-government-blocks-wikipedia-2142621.html "Ahead of Tiananmen Anniversary, Chinese Government Blocks Wikipedia"]. News18. May 15, 2019. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190602223335/https://www.news18.com/news/world/ahead-of-tiananmen-anniversary-chinese-government-blocks-wikipedia-2142621.html Archived] from the original on June 2, 2019. Retrieved June 2, 2019.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2019, go ya ka Alexa.com, Wikipedia e ne ya wela tlase go tswa mo maemong a botlhano go ya kwa maemong a bosupa mo lefelong la tshedimosetso mo lefatsheng ka ntlha ya go dirisa inthanete mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org wikipedia.org Competitive Analysis, Marketing Mix and Traffic – Alexa"]. alexa.com. Archived from [https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org the original] on August 25, 2020. Retrieved February 10, 2018.</ref> Ka one ngwaga oo, kopololo ya Wikipedia e ne ya romelwa kwa Ngweding, e le karolo ya [[:en:Arch_Mission_Foundation|lefelo la go bala la Arch Lunar]]. Ka ntlha ya go palelwa, sefofane se se dirisang mollo go fofa se ne sa thula mo godimo ga Ngwedi, mme, ka ntlha ya tiriso ya di polokelo tse di kgethegileng, tse di kgonang go emelana le nickel, go dumelwa gore kopololo e ne ya falola go thula.<ref>Taylor, Chris (April 17, 2019). [https://mashable.com/article/moon-library-beresheet-crash-wikipedia "There may be a copy of Wikipedia somewhere on the moon. Here's how to help find it"]. Mashable. Retrieved March 30, 2026.</ref> === Ngwagasome wa boraro: 2020–gompieno === Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa 2020, setlhogo sa didikadike di le thataro, e leng lokwalo la botshelo lwa ga [[:en:Maria_Elise_Turner_Lauder|Maria Elise Turner Lauder,]] se ne sa tsenngwa mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane. Le fa go ne go na le kgolo e ya dipego, go dirisana ga Wikipedia mo inthaneteng ya lefatshe lotlhe, jaaka go lekanngwa ke Alexa, go ne ga tswelela go fokotsega. Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2020, Wikipedia e ne ya wela mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ya bolesome le bongwe mo lefatsheng ka ntlha ya go dirisa inthanete mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref name=":15">[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org "wikipedia.org Competitive Analysis, Marketing Mix and Traffic – Alexa"]. alexa.com. Archived from [https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org the original] on August 25, 2020. Retrieved February 10, 2018.</ref> Bobedi jwa go bega ga Wikipedia ga mathata a [[:en:COVID-19_pandemic|bolwetsi jo bo neng jwa amana lefatshe lotlhe la COVID-19]] le diphetogo tse di tshegetsang, dipuisano, le e leng go phimolwa go ne go akanngwa gore ke motswedi o o mosola go bo ra ditso ba isago ba ba batlang go tlhaloganya paka eo ka botlalo.<ref>Harrison, Stephen (May 27, 2020). [https://slate.com/technology/2020/05/wikipedia-coronavirus-information-future-historians.html "Future Historians Will Need Access to Coronavirus Misinformation]". Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200527165139/https://slate.com/technology/2020/05/wikipedia-coronavirus-information-future-historians.html Archived] from the original on May 27, 2020. Retrieved June 9, 2020.</ref> [[:en:World_Health_Organization|Mokgatlho wa Lefatshe wa Boitekanelo]] o dirisane mmogo le Wikipedia jaaka motswedi wa konokono wa go anamisa tshedimosetso e e amanang le COVID-19 jaaka go thusa go lwantshana go anama ga tshedimosetso e e fosegileng.<ref>Matt, Chase (January 9, 2021). [https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higherhttps://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher "Wikipedia is 20, and its reputation has never been highe]r". [[:en:The_Economist|The Economist]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221231224550/https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher Archived] from the original on December 31, 2022. Retrieved January 9, 2021.</ref><ref>McNeil, Donald G. (October 22, 2020). [https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/22/health/wikipedia-who-coronavirus-health.html "Wikipedia and W.H.O. Join to Combat Covid-19 Misinformation"]. [[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20201227064918/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/22/health/wikipedia-who-coronavirus-health.html Archived] from the original on December 27, 2020. Retrieved October 25, 2020.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2021 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2021, [[:en:Wikipedia:20th_anniversary|ngwaga wa masome a mabedi wa segopotso sa Wikipedia]] o ne wa lemogiwa mo metsweding ya dikgang.<ref>Kelly, Heather (January 15, 2021). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/01/15/wikipedia-20-year-anniversary/ "Technology: On its 20th birthday, Wikipedia might be the safest place online]". [[:en:The_Washington_Post|The Washington Post]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210905012756/https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/01/15/wikipedia-20-year-anniversary/ Archived] from the original on September 5, 2021. Retrieved January 16, 2021. The world's largest online encyclopedia has learned lessons from fighting misinformation for two decades</ref><ref>Kent, German (January 15, 2021). "[https://www.cnet.com/news/in-a-post-truth-world-we-need-wikipedia-more-than-ever/ In a post-truth world, we need Wikipedia more than ever]". [[:en:CNET|CNET]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220221144855/https://www.cnet.com/news/in-a-post-truth-world-we-need-wikipedia-more-than-ever/ Archived] from the original on February 21, 2022. Retrieved January 16, 2021. Commentary: Wikipedia celebrated its 20th anniversary today. The free encyclopedia may not be exciting, but its neutral, volunteer-driven content is incredibly valuable.</ref><ref>"[https://www.dw.com/en/world-in-progress-20-years-of-wikipedia/av-56212410 World in Progress: 20 years of Wikipedia]" (Audio). [[:en:Deutsche_Welle|Deutsche Welle]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221005082902/https://www.dw.com/en/world-in-progress-20-years-of-wikipedia/av-56212410 Archived] from the original on October 5, 2022. Retrieved January 17, 2021. The year marks the 20th anniversary of Wikipedia. Every month, more than 1.7 billion people visit the open-source website in search of information about, well, just about anything! We speak with Dr. Bernie Hogan from the [[:en:Oxford_Internet_Institute|Oxford Internet Institute]] about Wikipedia's successes, where it fits into the discrimination crisis, and the website's future.</ref><ref>[[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Wales, Jimmy]] (January 14, 2021). [https://news.yahoo.com/wikipedia-turns-20-aims-reach-035212015.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly9zZWFyY2gueWFob28uY29tLw&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAHKHaTI72xUEUz_BdVPt8DFvi-uLdmApcbSckrJrAbM_GpTwHsHtNHRdxX-KYAS6xk81e_p_w46bfh10PJVV7cmUzE-pWR5gsID2T8Kd1k0u-2r78p4Y4V16CKTPFcWRJzV0LwQMJyuEeeR7Vv-_lfVBiCT30KvF47aGzyE3QP-a "As Wikipedia turns 20 it aims to reach more readers"]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220923105157/https://news.yahoo.com/wikipedia-turns-20-aims-reach-035212015.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly9zZWFyY2gueWFob28uY29tLw&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAHKHaTI72xUEUz_BdVPt8DFvi-uLdmApcbSckrJrAbM_GpTwHsHtNHRdxX-KYAS6xk81e_p_w46bfh10PJVV7cmUzE-pWR5gsID2T8Kd1k0u-2r78p4Y4V16CKTPFcWRJzV0LwQMJyuEeeR7Vv-_lfVBiCT30KvF47aGzyE3QP-a Archived] from the original on September 23, 2022. Retrieved January 17, 2021 – via [[:en:Yahoo!|Yahoo]]!. Wikipedia is the web's seventh-most visited site</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malalatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2021, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya fitlhelela diphetogo di le dibilione di le nngwe, koo tseleganyo ya bobilione e neng ya dirwa ke [[:en:Steven_Pruitt|Steven Pruitt]]<ref>"[https://www.vice.com/en/article/the-english-language-wikipedia-just-had-its-billionth-edit/ The English Language Wikipedia Just Had Its Billionth Edit"]. [[:en:Vice_(magazine)|Vice]]. January 15, 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210115145145/https://www.vice.com/en/article/k7appn/the-english-language-wikipedia-just-had-its-billionth-edit Archived] from the original on January 15, 2021. Retrieved February 26, 2021.</ref> [[:en:MIT_Press|MIT Press]] e gatisitse buka e e [[:en:Open_access|bulegileng ya ditlhamo]] [[:en:Wikipedia_@_20|''Wikipedia @ 20'']]: ''Dikgang tsa Phetogo e e sa Fediwang'', e e rulagantsweng ke [[:en:Joseph_M._Reagle_Jr.|Joseph Reagle]] le Jackie Koerner ka ditshwaelo go tswa go ba-Wikipedia ba ba tlhageletseng, ba-Wikimedia, babatlisisi, babegadikgang, ba lefelo la dibuka le baitseanape ba bangwe ba ba akanyang ka ditiragalo tse di rileng le<ref>Reagle, Joseph; Koerner, Jackie, eds. (2020). [https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/wikipedia-20 Wikipedia @ 20: Stories of an Incomplete Revolution]. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0262538176|978-0262538176.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20220716055539/https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/wikipedia-20 Archived] from the original on July 16, 2022. Retrieved November 12, 2021.</ref>. Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2021, Wikipedia e ne e wetse mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ya bolesometharo mo lefatsheng ka ntlha ya go dirisa inthanete mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref name=":15" /> ==== Ngwaga wa 2022 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2022, Modiri wa Wikipedia Richard Knipel o ne a tlhama setlhogo sa [[:en:Artwork_title|setlhogo sa Botaki]], se poeletso ya sone ya ntlha e neng e le mokwalo yo o santseng o tla baakangwa e e tlhagisitsweng ke [[:en:ChatGPT|ChatGPT]] e Knipel a neng a e dirile diphetogo tse dinnye go tsamaisana thata le maemo a Wikipedia. Knipel o boletse mo [[:en:Talk_page|tsebeng ya puisano]] gore o dumela gore ke lekgetlo la ntlha mongwe a dirisa ChatGPT go tlhama pego ya Wikipedia. Go romelwa ga pego e go ne ga kgalwa ke barulaganyi ba bangwe mme ga tsosa kganetsano mo setšhabeng sa Wikipedia, mme se sa dira gore go nne le kganetsano e e tseneletseng ka gore a ChatGPT le dikai tse di tshwanang le yone di tshwanetse go dirisiwa mo go kwaleng diteng tsa Wikipedia le gore, fa go le jalo, di tshwanetse go dirisiwa go le kana kang.<ref>Harrison, Stephen (January 12, 2023). [https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/chatgpt-wikipedia-articles.html "Should ChatGPT Be Used to Write Wikipedia Articles?]". Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230128200141/https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/chatgpt-wikipedia-articles.html Archived] from the original on January 28, 2023. Retrieved January 30, 2023.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2023 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2023, segokaganyi sa sesupa ditlhaka sa tafole sa Wikipedia se ne sa fetolwa lekgetho la ntlha fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 2010, go nna sebopedgo se sesha se se bitswang [[:en:Vector_2022|Vector 2022]].<ref>"[[foundationsite:news/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-a-fresh-new-look-first-desktop-update-in-a-decade-puts-usability-at-the-forefront/|Wikipedia Gets a Fresh New Look: First Desktop Update in a Decade Puts Usability at the Forefront]]". Wikimedia Foundation. January 18, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230119234339/https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-a-fresh-new-look-first-desktop-update-in-a-decade-puts-usability-at-the-forefront/ Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> Segokakanyi sa modirisi se segolo se sesha se ne sa nyatswa thata ke badirisi. Dikganetso tse dintsi di ne di tlhomile mogopolo mo thulaganyong ya bophara jo bo tlhomameng, e e neng ya dira gore go nne le sebaka se sesweu se se feteletseng mo dintlheng tsa dimonithara tse di bulegileng, mme se sa dira gore go nne le motlotlo wa mafoko a le dikete tse borobabongwe wa gore a letlalo le lesha le tshwanetse go nna le le tlwaelesegileng. [[:en:Swahili_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seswahili]] e ne ya tlhopa ka bongwefela jwa pelo go gana letlalo le lesha mme "ka bokhutshwane" ya batla gore go boelwe kwa letlalong la bogologolo. Go tshwaiwa phoso go gongwe go ne ga lebisiwa kwa Mokgatlhong wa Wikimedia ka go thapa setlhopha sa batlhami se se nang le maitemogelo a a lekanyeditsweng mo diwiki. Brandon Harris, yo e neng e le motlhami yo mogolo kwa Wikipedia go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2010 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2014, o ne a re: "Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia gantsi o thapa batlhami ba ba sa tlwaelanang le baagi, mme ba tsena abo ba leka go dira diphetogo tseo tsotlhe—ba taboga ka tlhogo pele go nna shaga ya modumo —mme baagi ba gana ka tsela e e utlwalang]".<ref name=":20">Rauwerda, Annie (January 18, 2023). [https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/wikipedia-redesign-vector-2022-skin.html "Wikipedia's Redesign Is Barely Noticeable. That's the Point"]. Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120005241/https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/wikipedia-redesign-vector-2022-skin.html Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Wikimedia Sound Logo Finalist VQ97.wav|thumb|Letshwao la modumo la Wikimedia (go akaretsa le Wikipedia)<ref name=":16">[[foundationsite:news/2023/03/28/wikipedias-new-sound-logo-winner/|"Wikipedia's new sound logo: Winner of The Sound of All Human Knowledge contest announced".]] Wikimedia Foundation. March 28, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230406101352/https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/03/28/wikipedias-new-sound-logo-winner/ Archived] from the original on April 6, 2023. Retrieved May 2, 2023.</ref>]] Morago ga therisano le kgaisano, letshwao [[:en:Sound_logo|la ntlha la modumo]] la Wikimedia (go akaretsa le Wikipedia) le ne la amogelwa.<ref name=":16" /> ==== Ngwaga wa 2024 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a lelesome le boraro, ka ngwaga wa 2024, kopololo ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane, e e bolokilweng mo [[:en:5D_optical_data_storage|polokelong ya tshedimosetso ya 5D optical]], e ne ya tsenngwa mo lefelong la patlisiso le le ka fa tlase ga lefatshe kwa Switzerland, le le nang le kgonagalo ya go bolokwa dingwaga di ka nna dibilione di le lesome le bone, ka ntlha ya maranyane ya polokelo e e dirisitsweng. Kopololo e ka balega ka go dirisa [[:en:Microscope|sedirisiwa sa go godisa dilo tse dinnye gore di bonale sentle]], kwantle ga go tlhoka go dirisa [[:en:Digital_electronics|thekenoloji ya maranyane a segompieno]] .<ref>"[https://www.archmission.org/gkv Global Knowledge Vault]". Arch Mission Foundation - Preserving humanity forever, in space and on Earth. Retrieved May 26, 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2024, kopololo ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya goroga ka katlego mo Ngweding, jaaka karolo ya lenaneo la Galactic Legacy Archive. Thomo e ne ya dirwa ke [[:en:Intuitive_Machines|Metšhini ya Intuitive]], fa sefofane se se dirisang mollo sone se ne sa itsisiwe semmuso ke [[:en:SpaceX|SpaceX]]. Tshedimosetso e e ne e bolokilwe jaaka e e dirisang dikarolo di le lesome le borataro tsa nickel, mme go akanyediwa gore e ka nna mo godimo ga Ngwedi dingwaga di ka nna dibilione di le tlhano. <ref>"[https://www.archmission.org/galactic-legacy-archive Galactic Legacy Archive]". Arch Mission Foundation - Preserving humanity forever, in space and on Earth. Retrieved May 26, 2026.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2025 ==== ==== Ngwaga wa 2026 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Work-in-progress animation of the Wikipedia 25 birthday mascot scrolling on a phone.gif|thumb|Setshwantsho sa Baby Globe e tsamayatsamaya mo mogaleng wa letheka]] Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano, Wikipedia e ne ya keteka ngwaga wa yone wa masome a mabedi le botlhano.<ref>[https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00074-1 "Wikipedia is needed now more than ever, 25 years on"]. Nature. 649 (8099): 1079–1080. January 28, 2026. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00074-1|10.1038/d41586-026-00074-1]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1476-4687 1476-4687.]</ref> Go ne ga tlhamiwa motseletsele wa ditokomane le "lebokoso la go boloka dilo tsa nako" jaaka karolo ya meletlo.<ref>Roth, Emma (January 15, 2026). [https://www.theverge.com/news/861935/wikipedia-25th-anniversary-2026 "Wikipedia turns 25 and shares a glimpse into the lives of its volunteer editors]". The Verge. Retrieved February 25, 2026.</ref> Go ne ga gololwa setshwantsho se se tlhamilweng ke modirisi BaduFerreira se se bidiwang [[:en:Baby_Globe|Baby Globe]]. E ne ya tlhagelela fa mokgwa wa letsatsi la matsalo o ne o kgontshitswe mo Wikipedia. Go ne ga tlhamiwa [[:en:Plush|seaparo]] sa Baby Globe se se ka [[:en:Collectable|kokoanngwang]] ka tirisanommogo le Makeship.<ref>Fear, Natalie (January 15, 2026). [https://www.creativebloq.com/design/wikipedia-unveils-adorable-mascot-for-25th-anniversary "Wikipedia's new mascot is too cute for words"]. Creative Bloq. Retrieved February 25, 2026.</ref> Baby Globe e ne ya tlosiwa mo lefelong la Wikipedia ka kgwedi ya Moranang a le malatsi a le supa.<ref>"[[foundationsite:wikipedia25/wikipedia-mascot/|Meet Baby Globe, Wikipedia's 25th birthday mascot]]". Wikimedia Foundation. Retrieved April 14, 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bosupa, Wikipedia e ne ya thibela tiriso ya diteng tse di tlhamilweng ke [[:en:Large_language_model|di-LLM]] mo dipegong tsa yone, kwa ntle ga dithanolo le diphetogo tse dinnye tsa di kopololo.<ref>Milman, Oliver (March 27, 2026). [https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2026/mar/27/wikipedia-bans-ai "Wikipedia bans AI-generated content in its online encyclopedia"]. The Guardian. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077 0261-3077]. Retrieved March 31, 2026.</ref><ref>"[https://www.newsweek.com/wikipedia-bans-ai-content-after-debate-11746790 Wikipedia bans one type of content after 'heated debate']". Newsweek. March 27, 2026. Retrieved March 31, 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong a tlhola malatsia le lesome le bongwe, Wikipedia e ne ya golola Kgwetlho ya go Bala ya Ngwaga wa bo masome a mabedi le botlhano ya tiriso ya iOS go tloga ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bongwe go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borobabobedi mme Baby Globe e ne ya tlhagisiwa gape.<ref>"[[mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Team/25th_Birthday_Reading_Challenge|Wikimedia Apps/Team/25th Birthday Reading Challenge"]]. MediaWiki. May 11, 2026. Retrieved June 14, 2026.</ref> == Ditso go ya ka maphata a thuto == === Didirisiwa tsa sesupaditlhaka le mananeo a sesupaditlhaka === Pego ya konokono: [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]] ''Mananeo a sesupaditlhaka a a tsamaisang Wikipedia, le sedirisiwa sa sesupaditlhaka, mafelo a polokelo a di server le ditsamaiso tse dingwe tse Wikipedia e ikaegileng ka tsone.'' * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2001, Wikipedia e ne ya tsamaya mo [[:en:UseModWiki|UseModWiki]], e e kwadilweng ka [[:en:Perl|Perl]] ke [[:en:Clifford_Adams|Clifford Adams]]. Sesupaditlhaka se se fang disupaditlhaka tse dingwe ditirelo le tshedimosetso mo mafaratlhatlheng e ne e sa ntse e dirisa [[:en:Linux|Linux]], le fa mokwalo wa ntlha o ne o bolokilwe mo sedirisweng sa polokelo sa faele go na le mo polokelong ya tshedimosetso ya database . Ditlhogo di ne di bidiwa ka mokgwa wa [[:en:CamelCase|CamelCase]]. * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2002, "Kgato ya bobedi" ya mananeo a sesupa ditlhaka ya wiki e e fang Wikipedia maatla e ne ya tlhagisiwa, e e neng ya emisetsa [[:en:UseModWiki|UseModWiki]] ya bogologolo. E kwaletswe lenaneo leo ka tlhamalalo ke [[:en:Magnus_Manske|Magnus Manske]], e ne e akaretsa [[:en:Wiki_engine|enjene ya wiki]] ya [[:en:PHP|PHP]]. * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2002, [[:en:Rewrite_(programming)|go kwalwa sešwa mo gogolo]] ga mananeo a sesupaditlhaka e e fang Wikipedia maatla go ne ga simolola; e e bidiwang "Kgato ya boraro", e ne ya tsaya sebaka sa mofuta wa bogologolo wa "Kgato ya bobedi", mme ya nna [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]]. E kwadilwe ke [[:en:Lee_Daniel_Crocker|Lee Daniel Crocker]] go tsibogela ditlhokego tse di oketsegang tsa lenaneo le le golang. * Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2002, Derek Ramsey o ne a tlhama [[:en:Internet_bot|bot]] – thulaganyo e e itirisang e e bidiwang [[:en:Rambot|Rambot]] – go oketsa palo e ntsi ya dipego tse di buang ka ditoropo tsa lefatshe la United States; dipego tseo di ne tsa tlhagisiwa ka go itirisa go tswa mo tshedimosetsong ya [[:en:U.S._census|palobatho ya U.S.]] Ka jalo o ne a oketsa palo ya dipego tsa Wikipedia ka dikete tse masome a mararo le boraro le makgolo a borobabobedi le masome a mararo le bobedi.<ref>[[:en:Andrew_Lih|Lih, Andrew]] (2009). [https://books.google.com/books?id=AWuZAAAAQBAJ&q=%22Derek+Ramsey+%28Wikipedian%29%22 ''The Wikipedia Revolution'']. Hachette Digital, Inc. pp. 99–106. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1401395858|978-1401395858]].</ref> Se se biditswe "kgato e e tsosang kganetsano go gaisa mo ditsong tsa Wikipedia"<ref>Lih, p. 99.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2003, go ne ga okediwa ka tshegetso ya sekaelo tsa dipalo mo [[:en:TeX|TeX]]. Ditaelo tse di kwadilweng ka puo ya sesupaditlhaka di ne tsa ntshiwa ke Tomasz Węgrzanowski. * Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a a robangbongweka ngwaga wa 2003, segokaganyi sa [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] sa Wikipedia se ne sa fetolwa go dira gore di-ISBN mo dipegong di golagane le E kgethegileng:Metswedi ya Dibuka, e e tsayang diteng tsa yone go tswa mo tsebeng e e ka rulaganngwang ke modirisi ya [[:en:Wikipedia:Book_sources|Wikipedia:Metswedi ya dibuka]]. Pele ga se, dintlha tsa kgokagano ya ISBN di ne tsa tsenngwa khoutu mo lenaneong la sesupa ditshwantso mme go ne ga tshitshinngwa tse dišwa mo tsebeng ya Wikipedia:ISBN. Bona tseleganyo e e fetotseng se. * Morago ga kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 2003, melaetsa e e farologaneng ya tsamaiso e e neng e bontshiwa badirisi ba Wikipedia e ne e sa tlhole e tsentswe [[:en:Hard_coding|dikhoutu tse di thata]], mme se se ne sa dira gore [[:en:Wikipedia:Administrators|batsamaisi]] ba Wikipedia ba kgone go fetola dikarolo dingwe tsa segokaganyi sa MediaWiki, jaaka molaetsa o o neng o bontshiwa badirisi ba ba thibetsweng. * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2004, ditiro tsa disupaditlhaka se se fang disupaditlhaka tse dingwe ditirelo le tshedimosetso mo mafaratlhatlheng di ne tsa fudusiwa go tswa kwa San Diego, kwa California go ya kwa [[:en:Tampa,_Florida|Tampa, kwa Florida]].<ref>"[[mailarchive:wikitech-l/2004-February/008420.html|Server swapping soon]]". lists.wikimedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140618061009/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2004-February/008420.html Archived] from the original on June 18, 2014. Retrieved February 10, 2007.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e thola malatsi ka ngwaga wa 2004, lefelo la tshedimosetso tsotlhe tse di farologaneng di ne tsa tlhabololwa go nna mofuta o mošwa wa mananeo a sesupaditlhaka sa [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]]. * Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa 2004, go ne ga tlhagelela ditiragalo tsa ntlha tsa ditsenngwa tsa "go aroganngwa ka ditlhopha". Maano a ditlhopha, jaaka Diphetogo tsa Bosheng le Phetolo ya Tsebe E, di ne di ntse di le teng fa e sa le Wikipedia e tlhongwa. Le fa go ntse jalo, Sanger o ne a lebile maano jaaka manaane, le dipego tse di tsenngwang ka diatla, fa maiteko a go [[:en:Categorization|aroganya ka ditlhopa]] a ne a ikaegile ka ditsenngwa tsa go tlhaola ka ditlhopa ka bongwe mo pegong nngwe le nngwe ya ensaetlopedia, jaaka karolo ya go aroganya ka ditlhopha mo go golo mo go itirisang ga dipego tsa ensaetlopedia.<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Categorization|"Wikipedia:Categorization]]", Wikipedia. Retrieved 30 January 2007.</ref> * Morago ga kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le mararo ka ngwaga wa 2004, batsamaisi ba ne ba ka tseleganya mokgwa wa segokaganyi ka go fetola [[:en:Cascading_Style_Sheets|CSS]] mo pampiring ya mokgwa wa buka e le nngwe mo [[:en:MediaWiki:Monobook.css|MediaWiki:Monobook.css.]] * Gape ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 2004, ka MediaWiki 1.3, go ne ga tlhamiwa lefelo la maina la mokwalo wa go rulaganya diteng, le le letlang go [[:en:Transclusion|tsenngwa]] ga ditlhangwa tse di tlwaelesegileng . * Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 2005 ka oura ya boraro mo mosong ka Nako e e [[:en:Eastern_Time_Zone|Tlwaelesegileng ya Botlhaba]], bontsi jwa sesupaditlhaka se se fang disupaditlhaka tse dingwe ditirelo le tshedimosetso mo mafaratlhatlheng tsa Wikimedia di ne tsa fudusediwa kwa lefelong le lesha le le ka kwa ga mmila. Mananeo otlhe a Wikimedia a ne a sa dire ka nako e. * Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2013, kgato ya ntlha ya polokelo ya tshedimosetso ya [[:en:Wikidata|Wikidata]] ya interwiki e ne ya nna teng mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo tsa Wikipedia.<ref name=":13" /> * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2013, go ne ga tlhongwa segokaganyi sa go tseleganya sa VisualEditor, se se neng se letla badirisi go tseleganya Wikipedia ba dirisa morulaganyi wa mafoko wa [[:en:WYSIWYG|WYSIWYG]] (o o tshwanang le [[:en:Word_processor|modirisiwa wa go rulaganya mafoko]]) go na le [[:en:Wiki_markup|go tshwaya wiki]].<ref name=":18" /> Segokaganyi sa go fetolang se se tokafaditsweng didiriswa tsa mogala wa letheka le sone se ne sa gololwa.<ref name=":19" /> ==== '''Ponalo le mokgwa wa tiriso''' ==== ''Ponalo ya kwa ntle ya Wikipedia, tsela e e [[:en:Look_and_feel|lebegang ka yone, mokgwa o e dirang]] ka one, le letshwao la yone , tsotlhe jaaka di bonwa ke badirisi''. * Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2002, BrilliantProse, e moragonyana e neng ya bidiwa Featured Articles (Ditlhogo tse di Tlhophilweng),<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Featured_articles|"Wikipedia:Featured articles"]]. Wikipedia. Retrieved 30 January 2007.</ref> e ne ya fudusiwa go tswa mo lefelong la pego go ya mo lefelong la Wikipedia. * Mo e ka nnangka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2003, go ne ga tsenngwa letshwao le lesha la Wikipedia.<ref>"[[m:International_logo_vote/Finalists|International logo vote/Finalists".]] Meta-Wiki. Wikimedia. [https://web.archive.org/web/20060716073834/http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/International_logo_vote/Finalists Archived] from the original on July 16, 2006. Retrieved July 8, 2006.</ref> Kgopolo ya letshwao leo e ne ya tlhophiwa ka tshegetso ya ditlhopho, mme morago ga moo ga latela tshekatsheko ya go tlhopha mofuta o o gaisang. Letshwao la bofelo le ne la tlhamiwa ke David Friedland (yo o dirisang leina la “''nohat''” mo Wikipedia), le ikaegile ka mokgwa le kgopolo tse di neng tsa tlhamiwa ke Paul Stansifer. * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2004, karolo ya “Did You Know (DYK)” e ne ya tlhagelela la ntlha mo Tsebeng e Kgolo. * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2004, ka nako ya ka oura ya bolesome le boferabongwe le metsotso e le masome a manê le borataro mo nakong ya UTC. Ponalo eo e ne ya akaretsa ditlhogo tse di tlhophilweng tsotlhe ka seatla, tse di neng di akaretsa:Setlhogo se se Tlhophilweng sa Letsatsi (Daily Featured Article),Ditiragalo tsa Segopotso (Anniversaries),Mo Dikgangnyeng (In the News),le Did You Know (DYK). * Ka '''kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlola malatsi a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 2005''', go ne ga tlhongwa '''porata ya dipuo tsotlhe''' mo atereseng ya '''www.wikipedia.org''', e e neng ya emisetsa go romela badirisi ka tlhamalalo kwa Wikipedia ya Seesimane. * Ka la 5 Tlhakole 2005, [[:en:Portal:Biology|tsebe e e kgobokanyang dikgokagano le tshedimosetso tsotlhe tse di amanang le setlhogo sa :Biology]] e ne ya tlhamiwa, mme ya nna tsebe ya ntlha ya setlhogo sengwe (thematic portal) mo Wikipedia ya Seesimane. Le fa go ntse jalo, kgopolo eo e ne e setse e simolotswe mo Wikipedia ya Sejeremane, kwa [[:de:Portal:Recht|tsebe e e kgobokanyang dikgokagano le tshedimosetso tsotlhe tse di amanang le setlhogo sa Recht]] :Recht (Dithuto tsa Molao) e neng ya tlhongwa ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2003.<ref>[[:de:Wikipedia:WikiProjekt Portale/2003|Portals on German Wikipedia ordered by date of creation.]]</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2005, Wikipedia ya Seesimane e ne ya simolola mokgwa wa go tlhagisa setshwantsho se se tlhophilweng sa letsatsi mo Tsebeng e Kgolo. * Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhla malatsi a le lseome le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2006, morago ga ditlhopho, Tsebe e konokono ya Wikipedia ya Seesimane e ne ya fetolwa sešwa la ntlha morago ga dingwaga di ka nna pedi. * Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2010, lefelo la tshedimosetso le ne la golola sebopego se sesha. Dikarolo tse disha di ne di akaretsa:letshwao le le ntšhafaditsweng, didirisiwa tse disha tsa go tsamaya mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ,le sedirisiwa sa go thusa go tlhama dikgokagano.<ref name=":17" /> === Diphetogo tsa thulaganyo ka ngwaga wa 2023 === ''"Vector 2022" e kaela gape fa. Go bona tshedimosetso ka go dirisa Vector 2022 mo Wikipedia, leba [[:en:Wikipedia:Vector_2022|Wikipedia:Vector 2022.]]'' [[Setshwantsho:Top of the Pluto page in the Vector skin.png|thumb]] [[Setshwantsho:Top of the Pluto page in the Vector 2022 skin.png|thumb|Pego ya Pluto mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane, e bontshiwa ka matlalo a Vector 2010 (ka fa molemeng) le Vector 2022 a kgontshitswe]] Vector 2022, e leng ntšhwafatso ya Vector 2010 ya sebopego sa pele sa Wikipedia, e ne ya itsisiwe ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa 2020, mme kwa tshimologong e ne e rulaganyeditswe go tlhagelela ka ngwaga wa 2021, pele ga e ka dirisiwa ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2023.<ref name=":21">Kurtz, Jason (September 24, 2020). [https://www.cnn.com/2020/09/24/tech/wikipedia-redesign-trnd/index.html "Wikipedia due to get its first substantial website redesign in a decade]". CNN Business. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120112945/https://www.cnn.com/2020/09/24/tech/wikipedia-redesign-trnd/index.html Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2023, Wikimedia e ne e dirile gore ntšhwafatso e nne teng [[:en:List_of_Wikipedias|mo dikgatisong tsa yone tsa puo]] di le makgolo a mararo; e ne e le tlwaelo ya diphetolelo tsa Searabia le Segerika.<ref name=":22">Fingas, Jon (January 19, 2023). [https://www.engadget.com/wikipedia-desktop-web-redesign-211000932.html "Wikipedia's first desktop design update in a decade doesn't rock the boat (updated)"]. Engadget. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230119195554/https://www.engadget.com/wikipedia-desktop-web-redesign-211000932.html Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref><ref name=":20" /><ref name=":23">[https://www.pcmag.com/news/wikipedia-desktop-site-gets-new-look-its-first-in-over-10-years "Wikipedia Desktop Site Gets New Look, Its First in Over 10 Years".] PC Magazine. January 18, 2023. [https://www.pcmag.com/news/wikipedia-desktop-site-gets-new-look-its-first-in-over-10-years Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> Vector 2022 e na le [[:en:User_interface|segokanyimmediamentsi sa sebolokigolo]] sa modirisi se se tlhabolotsweng se se dirang diphetogo tse dintsi mo thulaganyong ya dintlha tsa segokaganyi. Gareng ga tsone, lenaneo la go tlhopha puo, le pele le neng le le kafa molemeng wa sefatlhego sa sesupaditshwantsho, jaanong o fitlhelwa mo sekhutlong se se kwa godimo sa moja sa pontsho ya setlhogo se se balwang gone jaanong.<ref name=":23" /> Mo godimo ga moo, bara e e kafa thoko e kgona go phuthega ka fa morago ga [[:en:Hamburger_button|konopo ya hamburger]]. Vector 2022 gape e oketsa [[:en:Margin_(typography)|dintlha]] tsa pontsho ya dipego, e e nang le phelelo ya go lekanyetsa bophara jwa pego;<ref name=":23" /> go na le toggle e e ka fokotsang dintlha le go atolosa bophara jwa mola wa pego go tlatsa sefatlhego sa sesupaditshwantso.<ref name=":24">Perez, Sarah (January 18, 2023). [https://techcrunch.com/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-its-first-makeover-in-over-a-decade-and-its-fairly-subtle/ "Wikipedia gets its first makeover in over a decade... and it's fairly subtle"]. techcrunch.com. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230119214848/https://techcrunch.com/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-its-first-makeover-in-over-a-decade-and-its-fairly-subtle/ Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref><ref name=":20" /> Bogolo jwa mokwalo jo bo dirisiwang ka tlwaelo ga bo ise bo okediwe, le fa [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] o boleletse ''Engadget'' gore o solofela go dira se kgetho mo isagong.<ref name=":22" /> Tiro ya patlo le yone e ne ya tlhabololwa mo Vector 2022, ka gonne maduoa a ntshitshitsweng go araba dipotso tsa modirisi jaanong di akaretsa ditshwantsho le ditlhaloso tse dikhutshwane go tswa mo ditsebeng tse go buiwang ka tsone.<ref name=":23" /><ref name=":25">Nguyen, Britney. [https://www.businessinsider.com/new-wikipedia-update-looks-different-desktop-redesign-2023-1 "It's not just you  – Wikipedia looks different"]. ''Business Insider''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120012218/https://www.businessinsider.com/new-wikipedia-update-looks-different-desktop-redesign-2023-1 Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] o ne wa bolela gore phetogo eno e ne e tlhotlhelediwa ke keletso ya go dira gore lefelo leno le nne la segompieno le go tokafatsa maitemogelo a go tsamaya le go tseleganya mo babading ba ba senang maitemogelo a maranyane, ka gonne letlalo la pele le ne le tsewa le le "le le sa siamang le le le fekeetsang."<ref name=":21" /><ref name=":22" /><ref name=":24" /> Diteko tse di dirilweng ke motheo di ne tsa oketsa maduo a mokgatlho oo ka koketsego ya badirisi ba dipatlisiso ka karolo ya masome a mararo mo lekgolong, le phokotsego ya karolo ya lesome le botlhano mo lekgolong ya go tsamayatsamaya mo lefelong la tshedimosetso.<ref name=":22" /><ref name=":24" />Diphetolelo tsa ntlha tsa Vector 2022 di ne tsa simolola go dirisiwa la ntlha ka ngwaga wa 2020 mo mafelong a Wikipedia a puo ya Sefora, Sehebera le Sepotokisi,<ref name=":21" /> ​​jaaka fa dikarolo tse disha tsa sebopego di ne di anamisiwa mo badirising gore di lekwe ka iketlo pele ga le gololwa ka botlalo.<ref>Lyles, Taylor (September 24, 2020). [https://www.theverge.com/2020/9/23/21453300/wikipedia-desktop-redesign-2021 "Wikipedia is getting its first desktop redesign in 10 years".] The Verge. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120152848/https://www.theverge.com/2020/9/23/21453300/wikipedia-desktop-redesign-2021 Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> Sebopego se ne sa simolola go dirisiwa jaaka lsebopego se se tlwaelesegileng la babadi ba mafelo a Wikimedia ka dipuo di le makgolo a mararo (mo go tse makgolo a mararo le lesome le borobabobedi) ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2023.<ref name=":22" /><ref name=":20" /><ref name=":23" /> Morago ga go anamisa mo gontsi ga Vector 2022, go santse go kgonega go bala Wikipedia o dirisa sebopego se se fetileng. Le fa go ntse jalo, go dira jalo go tlhoka gore babadi ba ikwadisetse lenaneo le le letlellang go tsena mo Wikipedia, mme morago ba tlhome ditlhopho tsa bone go bontsha Vector 2010 boemong jwa seo.<ref name=":23" /> Ga go na diphetogo tse di dirilweng mo dibopegong tsa Wikipedia jaaka Monobook le Timeless, tse le tsone di sa ntseng di le teng go ka dirisiwa.<ref name=":20" /><ref>[https://gizmodo.com/wikipedia-wikimedia-online-encyclopedia-1850002977 "Try and Spot the Differences in Wikipedia's First New Look in 11 Years]". Gizmodo. January 18, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230119134259/https://gizmodo.com/wikipedia-wikimedia-online-encyclopedia-1850002977 Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> [[:en:Wikipedia_users|Badirisi ba Wikipedia]] ba ne ba kgaogane ka diphetogo tse. Kopo ya tshwaelo mo [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] e e botsang baagi gore a Vector 2022 e tshwanetse go dirisiwa kgotsa nnyaa jaaka sebopego sa tlwaelo se kokoantse mafoko a a fetang dikete tse masome a borobabongwe mo dikarabong.<ref name=":20" /> Batshwayadiphoso ba go tlhamiwa sešwa ba ne ba ganetsa thata [[:en:White_space_(visual_arts)|phatlha e e tshweu]] e e tlogetsweng e le lolea mo sebopegong se lešwa, fa badirisi ba bangwe ba ne ba nyatsa batshwayadiphoso ba re ba na le kganetso ya phetogo.<ref name=":20" /> Barulaganyi ba le lekgolo le masome a marataro le botlhano ba ba neng ba tsaya karolo mo motlotlong ba ne ba sa amogele letlalo le lešwa, fa ba le lekgolo le masome a matlhano a le boraro ba ne ba rata, mme ba le robongwe ba ne ba nna ba sa tseye letlhakore.<ref name=":26">Pearl, Mike (January 18, 2023). [https://mashable.com/article/new-wikipedia-redesign "Yes, Wikipedia looks weird. Don't freak out"]. ''Mashable''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120012235/https://mashable.com/article/new-wikipedia-redesign Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref><ref name=":20" /><ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3ARequests_for_comment%2FDeployment_of_Vector_%282022%29&diff=latest&oldid=1117412136 Wikipedia history page".] ''en.wikipedia.org''.</ref> Le fa go ne go na le palo e kgolo ya barulaganyi ba ba neng ba tlhagisa gore ga ba batle gore Vector 2022 e dirisiwe ka sebopego sa yone sa ga jaana, ka tumalano mo Wikipedia e sa tseelwe tshwetso ka tlhopo, puisane e ne ya tswalelwa go go tshegetsa sebobego se sesha, go akanyediwa ditshwaelo tse di siameng tse di tlogetsweng ke badirisi ba bangwe.<ref name=":26" /><ref name=":20" /> Batlhami ba Vector 2022 ba dirile diphetogo dingwe mo sebopegong go tsibogela ditshwaelo, tse di jaaka go tsenya toggle go kgontsha diteng tsa pego go tlatsa bophara jotlhe jwa sefatlhego sa sesupaditshwantso.<ref name=":20" /><ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Requests_for_comment/Deployment_of_Vector_(2022)&oldid=1138588215 "Wikipedia:Requests for comment/Deployment of Vector (2022)"]. February 10, 2023 – via Wikipedia.</ref> Badirisi ba [[:en:Swahili_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seswahili]] ba ne ba sa dumalane ka bongwefela jwa pelo le go tsenngwa tirisong ga sebopego se lešwa.<ref name=":20" /> Babegadikgang ba ba neng ba tsibogela go anamisa ga Vector 2022 ba ne ba tsaya ntšhwafatso le dikarolo tse disha tse di tlhagisitsweng e le ditlaleletso tse di mosola, mme ka kakaretso ba ne ba tlhalosa sebopego jaaka ntšhwafatso e nnye e e neng ya se ka ya fetola maitemogelo a bone a go bala mo Wikipedia.<ref name=":25" /><ref name=":20" /> <ref name=":24" />[[:en:Annie_Rauwerda|Annie Rauwerda]], motlhami wa lenaneo la go letlella go tsena tsa media wa loago tsa [[:en:Depths_of_Wikipedia|Boteng jwa Wikipedia]], o kwadile mo [[:en:Slate_(magazine)|''Slate'']] gore Vector 2022 e ne e sa "farologane thata" le letlalo le le fetileng. Rauwerda o ne a lemoga gape go tshwana fa gare ga tsibogo ya baagi ba Wikipedia kgatlhanong le moakanyetso le dikganetso tsa nako e e fetileng tsa diphetogo tse di tshwanang tsa pono mo mafelong a a tlwaelegileng a a jaaka [[:en:Reddit|Reddit]].<ref name=":20" /> Rauwerda, le Mike Pearl wa ''Mashable'', ba ne ba akgela ka gore badirisi ba ba sa itumeleleng phetogo eo ba ka nna ba sekaseka mo motlotlong o o buang ka sebopego se, kgotsa ba dirisa ditiriso tsa go itebaganya tse di ageletsweng mo lefelong leo go fetola maitemogelo a bone a go bala.<ref name=":26" /><ref name=":20" /> === Go kokoanya madi === [[Setshwantsho:WMF Support and Revenue, Expenses and Net Assets at Year End.jpg|thumb|Tlhabololo ya matlole ya Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia (ka US$), 2003–2023]] Ngwaga le ngwaga, Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia o tsamaisa matsholo a go kokoanya madi mo Wikipedia go tshegetsa ditiro tsa one. Tse ka kakaretso di tsaya mo e ka nnang kgwedi mme di diragala ka dinako tse di farologaneng tsa ngwaga mo dinageng tse di farologaneng. Mo godimo ga matshwao a phatlalatso a go kokoanya madi mo Wikipedia ka boyone, go na gape le matsholo a melaetsa ya maranyane; melaetsa e mengwe e laletsa batho go tlogela madi a Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia mo diwiling tsa bone.<ref>"[[m:Fundraising#Current_fundraising_activities|Fundraising – Meta"]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220525020516/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fundraising#Current_fundraising_activities Archived] from the original on May 25, 2022. Retrieved May 18, 2022.</ref> <ref>James Lileks (May 2, 2021). [https://www.startribune.com/lileks-wikipedia-wants-me-to-do-what/600052774/ "Lileks: Wikipedia wants me to do what?"]. Star Tribune. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210503001943/https://www.startribune.com/lileks-wikipedia-wants-me-to-do-what/600052774/ Archived] from the original on May 3, 2021. Retrieved May 24, 2022.</ref>Lotseno lo tlhatlogile ngwaga le ngwaga wa go nna teng ga Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia, lwa fitlha go didikadike di le didolara tsa Amerika di le lekgolo le masome a ferabongwe le disente di le lesome le bosupa go tloga ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa 2023, fa lo bapisiwa le ditshenyegelo tsa didikadike di le didolara tsa Amerika di le lekgolo le masome a marataro le borobongwe le disente di le lesome.<ref>[https://www.dailydot.com/debug/wikipedia-endownemnt-fundraising/ "Wikipedia is swimming in money – why is it begging people to donate?"]. The Daily Dot. May 24, 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210524121107/https://www.dailydot.com/debug/wikipedia-endownemnt-fundraising/ Archived] from the original on May 24, 2021. Retrieved September 23, 2021.</ref><ref>[[foundationsite:wp-content/uploads/File:Wikimedia_Foundation_FS_FY2022-2023_Audit_Report.pdf|"File: Wikimedia_Foundation_FS_FY_2022-2023_Audit_Report.pdf – Wikimedia Foundation Governance Wiki"]] (PDF). ''Foundation.wikimedia.org''. October 5, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240101140450/https://wikimediafoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/File:Wikimedia_Foundation_FS_FY2022-2023_Audit_Report.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, Wikimedia Endowment, e leng maiteko a a farologaneng a go kokoanya madi a a simolotsweng ka ngwaga wa 2016, a ne a fitlha ko didikadikeng di le didolara di le lekgolo ka ngwaga wa 2021, dingwaga di le tlhano ka bonako go feta ka fa go neng go rulagantswe ka gone.<ref>[https://diff.wikimedia.org/2021/09/22/the-wikimedia-endowment-reaches-100-million-milestone-and-welcomes-three-new-members-to-its-board-more-on-what-these-developments-mean-for-the-projects-and-movement/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2021/09/22/the-wikimedia-endowment-reaches-100-million-milestone-and-welcomes-three-new-members-to-its-board-more-on-what-these-developments-mean-for-the-projects-and-movement/ "The Wikimedia Endowment reaches $100 million milestone and welcomes three new members to its Board: More on what these developments mean for the projects and movement".] September 22, 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210924014012/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2021/09/22/the-wikimedia-endowment-reaches-100-million-milestone-and-welcomes-three-new-members-to-its-board-more-on-what-these-developments-mean-for-the-projects-and-movement/ Archived] from the original on September 24, 2021. Retrieved September 23, 2021.</ref> ==== Ditlamorago tsa kwa ntle ==== * Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Wikipedia e ne ya tsewa e tshwanela go dirisiwa jaaka motswedi o mogolo ke [[:en:UK_Intellectual_Property_Office|Ofisi ya Thoto ya Tlhaloganyo ya UK]] mo katlholong ya kgetse ya letshwaokgwebo la [[:en:Formula_One|Formula One]].<ref>In deciding the trademark of F1 racing {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071031053106/http://www.ipo.gov.uk/tm/t-decisionmaking/t-challenge/t-challenge-decision-results/o16907.pdf|date=31 October 2007}}, the UK Intellectual Property Office considered both the reliability of Wikipedia and its usefulness as a reliable source of evidence:<blockquote>Wikipedia has sometimes suffered from the self-editing that is intrinsic to it, giving rise at times to potentially libellous statements. However, inherently, I cannot see that what is in Wikipedia is any less likely to be true than what is published in a book or on the websites of news organisations. [Formula One's lawyer] did not express any concerns about the Wikipedia evidence [presented by the plaintiff]. I consider that the evidence from Wikipedia can be taken at face value.</blockquote>The case turned substantively upon evidence cited from Wikipedia in 2006 as to the usage and interpretation of the term "F1".</ref> * Fa nako e ntse e ile, Wikipedia e ne ya amogelwa ke metswedi ya dikgang e e tlwaelesegileng jaaka "motswedi o o botlhokwa" wa ditiragalo tse disha tse dikgolo, tse di jaaka [[:en:2004_Indian_Ocean_earthquake|thoromo ya lefatshe ya Lewatle la India ya 2004]] le [[:en:Tsunami|tsunami]] e e amanang le yone, [[:en:2008_American_Presidential_election|ditlhopho tsa botautona tsa Amerika tsa 2008]],<ref>Vargas, Jose Antonio (September 17, 2007). [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/09/16/AR2007091601699.html "On Wikipedia, Debating 2008 Hopefuls' Every Facet".] ''[[:en:The_Washington_Post|The Washington Post]]''. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286 0190-8286.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20230116071359/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/09/16/AR2007091601699.html Archived] from the original on January 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023. <q>...at the same time, it's hard to find a more up-to-date, detailed, thorough article on [[:en:Barack_Obama|Obama]] than Wikipedia's. As of Friday, Obama's article – more than 22 pages long, with 15 sections covering his personal and professional life – had a reference list of 167 sources.</q></ref> le go [[:en:Virginia_Tech_shooting|thuntshiwa ga Virginia Tech]] ka ngwaga wa 2007. Setlhogo sa bofelo se ne sa fitlhelelwa makgetlo a le dikete tse masome a supa le botlhano mo malatsing a mabedi, mme makwalo a dikgang a a gatisitsweng mo lefelong la gaeno go thuntshiwa a oketsa ka gore "Wikipedia e tlhageletse jaaka lefelo la go phepafatsa tshedimosetso e e feletseng ka tiragalo eno."<ref>[http://www.cyberjournalist.net/news/004178.php "Wikipedia emerges as key source for Virginia Tech shootings"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071022200632/http://cyberjournalist.net/news/004178.php|date=22 October 2007}}. ''The New York Times'' via Cyberjournalist.net. 2007. "Even ''[[:en:The_Roanoke_Times|The Roanoke Times]]'', which is published near [[:en:Blacksburg,_Virginia|Blacksburg, Va]]., where the university is located, noted on Thursday that Wikipedia 'has emerged as the clearinghouse for detailed information on the event'."</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mbadi le bongwe ka ngwaga wa 2007, Noam Cohen wa ''New York Times'' o ne a bega gore barutegi bangwe ba ne ba thibela tiriso ya Wikipedia jaaka sedirisiwa sa patlisiso.<ref>Cohen, Noam (February 21, 2007). [https://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/21/education/21wikipedia.html "A History Department Bans Citing Wikipedia as a Research Source]". ''The New York Times''. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170331235327/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/21/education/21wikipedia.html Archived] from the original on March 31, 2017. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola ka ngwaga wa 2007, pego mo lekwalong la dikgang la [[:en:The_Harvard_Crimson|The Harvard Crimson]] e ne ya bega gore baporofesara bangwe kwa Mmadikolo ya Harvard ba ne ba akaretsa Wikipedia mo dithulaganyong tsa bone tsa thuto, mme go ne ga nna le kgaogano mo tseleng e ba neng ba leba go dirisa Wikipedia ka yone.[233] * Ka Phukwi 2013, patlisiso e kgolo e e dirilweng ke diyunibesiti di le nne tse dikgolo e ne ya supa diathikele tse di neng di ngangisanwa thata mo Wikipedia, mme ya fitlhela gore Iseraele, Adolf Hitler le Modimo di ne di ngangisanwa ka bogale go feta ditlhogo dipe tse dingwe.[234] === Ditlamorago tsa diathikele tsa bayokerafi === Hobane di-biography tsa Wikipedia hangata di ntjhafatswa ka tlhahisoleseding e ntjha e tla, hangata di sebediswa e le mohlodi wa referense ka maphelo a batho ba hlokomelehang. Seno se dirile gore go dirwe maiteko a go dirisa boferefere le go dira gore diathikele tsa Wikipedia di nne tsa maaka ka boikaelelo jwa go bapatsa kgotsa go senya leina (Dikganetsano) mme gape se dirile gore go dirisiwe dilo tse disha tsa tshedimosetso ya bayokerafi tse di neetsweng. Ka Ngwanatsele 2005, kganetsano ya ga Seigenthaler e ne ya nna teng fa motsietsi mongwe a ne a bolela mo Wikipedia gore mmegadikgang John Seigenthaler o ne a na le seabe mo polaong ya ga Kennedy ka 1963. Ka Sedimonthole 2006, rametlae wa Mojeremane e bong Atze Schröder o ne a sekisa Arne Klempert, mokwaledi wa Wikimedia Deutschland ka gonne a ne a sa batle gore leina la gagwe la mmatota le gatisiwe mo Wikipedia. Moragonyana Schröder o ne a gogela ngongorego ya gagwe morago mme o ne a batla gore ditshenyegelo tsa mmueledi wa gagwe di duelwe ke Klempert. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya swetsa ka gore motaki o tshwanetse go duelela ditshenyegelo tseo ka boene.[235] Ka la 16 Tlhakole 2007, raditiragalo wa Turkey Taner Akçam o ne a tshwarwa ka nakwana fa a goroga kwa Boemafofaneng jwa Boditšhabatšhaba jwa Montréal–Pierre Elliott Trudeau ka ntlha ya tshedimosetso ya maaka mo bayokerafing ya gagwe ya Wikipedia e e neng e bolela gore ke serukhutlhi.[236][237] Ka Ngwanatsele 2008, radipolotiki wa Lekoko la Left la Jeremane e bong Lutz Heilmann o ne a bolela gore mafoko mangwe a a neng a a bua mo setlhogong sa gagwe sa Wikipedia a ne a senya leina la gagwe. O ne a atlega go bona taelo ya kgotlatshekelo ya go dira gore Wikimedia Deutschland e tlose lefelo le le botlhokwa la go batla. Sephetho e ne e le ho tsholloa ha naha ha tshehetso ya Wikipedia, meneelo e mengata ho Wikimedia Deutschland, le ho nyoloha ha dipono tsa ditsebe tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tsa sehlooho sa Lutz Heilmann ho tloha ho mashome a mmalwa ho ya ho halofo ya milione. Ka bonako morago ga foo, Heilmann o ne a kopa kgotlatshekelo go gogela morago taelo ya kgotlatshekelo.[238] Ka Sedimonthole 2008, Wikimedia Nederland, kgaolo ya Dutch, e ne ya fenya taelo ya ntlha morago ga gore rakgwebo a golaganngwe mo athikeleng ya "gagwe" le sekebekwa Willem Holleeder mme a batla gore athikele eo e phimolwe. Moatlhodi kwa Utrecht o ne a dumela polelo ya Wikimedia ya gore ga e na tlhotlheletso mo diteng tsa Wikipedia ya Sedatšhe.[239] Ka Tlhakole 2009, fa radipolotiki wa Mojeremane e bong Karl Theodor Maria Nikolaus Johann Jacob Philipp Franz Joseph Sylvester Buhl-Freiherr von zu Guttenberg a ne a nna tona ya puso ya bofederale ka di 10 Tlhakole 2009, modirisi yo o sa kwadisiwang o ne a oketsa ka setlhogo sa bolesome le bongwe sa Sejeremane se se neilweng ka leina. Dikuranta di le dintsi di ne tsa e amogela. Fa batho ba Wikipedia ba ba kelotlhoko ba ne ba leka go tlosa Wilhelm, go tseleganya go ne ga busediwa morago go nopolwa makwalodikgang ao. Kgetse eno ka ga go ikanyega ga Wikipedia le babegadikgang ba ba kopololang go tswa mo Wikipedia e ne ya bidiwa Falscher Wilhelm ("Wilhelm yo o sa siamang").[240] == Metswedi == 1vaeydhmloqmjguh8qcp0x0m59cznej 53576 53559 2026-07-29T17:53:05Z Atsile Edith 11759 Ke senotse tsebe e #Wikipedia25BW 53576 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Wikipedia]], e leng [[:en:Online_encyclopedia|ensaetlopedia ya mo maranyaneng]] e e nang le [[:en:Free_content|diteng tse di sa duelelweng]] e e kwadilweng le go tlhokomelwa ke setšhaba sa baithaopi ba ba bidiwang [[:en:Wikipedians|Wikipedians]], e simolotse ka go [[:en:First_Wikipedia_edit|kwalwa ga yone la ntlha]] ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe (2001), malatsi a mabedi morago ga gore lotshwao loo le kwadisiwe.<ref>[http://whois.domaintools.com/wikipedia.org "Wikipedia.org WHOIS, DNS, & Domain Info – DomainTools"]. ''[[:en:WHOIS|WHOIS]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170417083509/http://whois.domaintools.com/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on April 17, 2017. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone, 2026.</ref> E ne ya gola go tswa mo [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia,]] e leng ensaetlopedia e e rulagantsweng sentle e e sa duelelweng, e le tsela ya go letla go kwalwa ga ditlhogo le dithanolo motlhofo le ka bonako. Ditshegetso tsa maranyane le tsa dikgopolo tsa Wikipedia di tla pele ga seno; kakanyo ya ntlha e e itsiweng ya ensaetlopedia ya maranyane e dirilwe ke [[:en:Rick_Gates_(Internet_pioneer)|Rick Gates]] ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le boraro (1993),<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20120415133700/http://history-computer.com/Internet/Conquering/Wikipedia.html "Wikipedia of Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger"]. History Computer. 2010. Archived from [http://history-computer.com/Internet/Conquering/Wikipedia.html the original] on April 15, 2012. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> mme kgopolo ya ensaetlopedia ya [[:en:Free_as_in_freedom|maranyane e e gololesegileng]] (jaaka e [[:en:Alternative_terms_for_free_software|farologana]] le [[:en:Open_source|motswedi o o bulegileng]] fela)<ref>[https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html#open-source "Philosophy"]. GNU. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131014132149/http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html#open-source Archived] from the original on October 14, 2013. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> e ne ya akanngwa ke [[:en:Richard_Stallman|Richard Stallman]] ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi (1998).<ref name=":1">[[:en:Richard_Stallman|Stallman, Richard]] (1998). [https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia-1998-draft.html "The Free Universal Encyclopedia and Learning Resource (1998 Draft)"]. GNU. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210124065108/https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia-1998-draft.html Archived] from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Kgopolo ya ga Stallman e ne e akaretsa ka tlhamalalo kgopolo ya gore ga go na mokgatlho ope o o botlhokwa o o tshwanetseng go laola go rulaganya. Seno se ne se farologana le diensaetlopedia tsa maranyane tsa motlha oo jaaka [[:en:Encarta|Microsoft Encarta]] le ''[[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica|Encyclopedia Britannica]]''. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe (2001), teseletso ya [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]] e ne ya fetolwa go nna [[:en:GFDL|GFDL,]] mme [[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Jimmy Wales]] le [[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] ba ne ba simolola Wikipedia jaaka lenaneo le le tlaleletsang, ba dirisa [[:en:Wiki|wiki]] ya mo maranyaneng jaaka sedirisiwa sa go kwala ka tirisanommogo.<ref>[http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?WikiHistory "WikiHistory"]. [[:en:WikiWikiWeb|WikiWikiWeb]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20020621221535/http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?WikiHistory Archived] from the original on June 21, 2002. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Le fa kwa tshimologong Wikipedia e ne e akanngwa e le lefelo la go kwala mekwalo le dikgopolo tsa gore kgabagare go baakanngwe Nupedia, e ne ya feta e e neng e le teng pele ga yone ka bonako, ya nna lefelo la go kwala dipego le legae la setlhagiswa sa bofelo se se baakantsweng sa lenaneo la lefatshe lotlhe ka makgolokgolo a dipuo, mme seno sa tlhotlheletsa mefuta e e farologaneng ya [[:en:List_of_wikis|mananeo a mangwe a ditshupiso tsa mo maranyaneng]]. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014), Wikipedia e ne e na le babadi ba ka nna didikadike di le makgolo a mane le masome a ferabongwe le botlhano ka kgwedi.<ref name=":10">[https://www.economist.com/news/international/21597959-popular-online-encyclopedia-must-work-out-what-next-wikipeaks "The future of Wikipedia: WikiPeaks?"]. ''[[:en:The_Economist|The Economist]]''. March 1, 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140408202455/http://www.economist.com/news/international/21597959-popular-online-encyclopedia-must-work-out-what-next-wikipeaks Archived] from the original on April 8, 2014. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015), go ya ka [[:en:ComScore|comScore]], Wikipedia e ne ya amogela baeng ba ba kgethegileng ba feta didikadike di le lekgolo le lesome le botlhano ka kgwedi go tswa kwa United States fela.<ref name=":11">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150317071240/http://www.comscore.com/Insights/Market-Rankings/comScore-Ranks-the-Top-50-US-Digital-Media-Properties-for-January-2015 "comScore Ranks the Top 50 U.S. Digital Media Properties for January 2015"]. comScore. February 24, 2015. Archived from [http://www.comscore.com/Insights/Market-Rankings/comScore-Ranks-the-Top-50-US-Digital-Media-Properties-for-January-2015 the original] on March 17, 2015. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2018), diporojekete tseno di ne tsa bonwa baeng mo tsebeng ba le dibilione di le lesome le botlhano le sephatlo ka kgwedi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200124235329/https://stats.wikimedia.org/v2/#/all-projects "Monthly overview"]. ''Wikimedia statistics''. Wikimedia Foundation. Archived from [[stats:v2/#/all-projects|the original]] on January 24, 2020. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> [[File:First_preserved_Main_Page_of_Wikipedia.jpeg|thumb|Tsebe ya boremelelo ya Wikipedia (Sedimonthole a le malatsi a le masome a mabedi ngwaga wa 2001)]] == Kakaretso ya ditso == === Lemorago === Kgopolo ya go kokoanya kitso ya lefatshe mo lefelong le le lengwe e simolotse kwa [[:en:Library_of_Alexandria|lefelong la go bala la bogologolo la Alexandria]] le [[:en:Library_of_Pergamum|Lefelong la go bala la Pergamo,]] mme go na le dilo tsa bogologolo tse di neng tsa tla pele ga kgopolo ya ensaetlopedia e e akaretsang, [[:en:Natural_History_(Pliny)|ditso tse di jaaka Naturalis]] ya ga [[:en:Pliny_the_Elder|Pliny yo Mogolo]], mme kakanyo ya segompieno ya ensaekolopedia e e akaretsang tsotlhe, e e gatisiwang le go anamisiwa kwa bathong ba le bantsi, e simologile ka [[:en:Denis_Diderot|Denis Diderot]] le baitseanape ba Fora ba lekgolo la lesome le borobabobedi la dingwaga ba ba neng ba kwala diensaekolopedia.<ref>Miloš, Todorović (2018). "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/347489594 From Diderot's Encyclopedia to Wales's Wikipedia: a brief history of collecting and sharing knowledge]". ''Časopis KSIO''. '''1''': 88–102. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.5281/zenodo.3235309|10.5281/zenodo.3235309.]] Retrieved October 20, 2021.</ref> Kgopolo ya go dirisa metšhine e e itirisang go feta [[:en:Printing_press|motšhine o o gatisang]] go aga ensaetlopedia e e mosola thata e ka bonwa mo bukeng ya ga [[:en:Paul_Otlet|Paul Otlet]] ya ngwaga wa 1934 ya ''[[:en:Traité_de_Documentation|Traité de Documentation]]''. Otlet gape o ne a tlhoma [[:en:Mundaneum|Mundaneum]], e leng setheo se se neng se ineetse go dira ditshupane tsa kitso ya lefatshe, ka ngwaga wa 1910. Kgopolo e ya ensaetlopedia e e thusiwang ke motšhini e ne ya atolosiwa go ya pele mo bukeng ya ga [[:en:H._G._Wells|H. G. Wells]] ya ditlhamo" [[:en:World_Brain|''World Brain'']] (ngwaga wa1938) le pono ya ga [[:en:Vannevar_Bush|Vannevar Bush]] ya isago ya [[:en:Memex|Memex]] e e neng e dirisa [[:en:Microfilm|filimi e e bolokang ditshwantso ka bogolo jo bonnye]], e a e tlhalositse mo setlhangweng sa gagwe se se bidiwang "[[:en:As_We_May_Think|As We May Think]]" (ngwaga wa 1945).<ref name=":2">Reagle, Joseph (2010). Good Faith Collaboration. The Culture of Wikipedia. MIT Press. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0262014472|978-0262014472.]] Chapter 2: "The Pursuit of the Universal Encyclopedia".</ref> Phitlhelelo e nngwe e ne e le lenaneo la Xanadu la ga [[:en:Ted_Nelson|Ted Nelson]] ya go tlhama ditlhangwa tse dintsi, e e neng ya simolola ka ngwaga wa 1960.<ref name=":2" /> Tiriso ya baithaopi e ne e le botlhokwa thata mo go direng le go tlhokomeleng Wikipedia. Le fa go ntse jalo, le fa go ne go se na inthanete, mananeo tse dikgolo tse di dingalo tsa mofuta o o tshwanang di ne di dirisitse baithaopi. Ka tlhamalalo, go tlhamiwa ga [[:en:Oxford_English_Dictionary|''Thanodi ya Seesemane ya Oxford'']] go ne ga akanngwa ka puo kwa lefelong la dibuka la London, ka Letsatsi la ga [[:en:Guy_Fawkes_Day|Guy Fawkes]], ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele a tlhola malatsi a le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 1857, ke [[:en:Richard_Chenevix_Trench|Richard Chenevix Trench]]. Go tsere dingwaga di ka nna masome a supa go wediwa. Dr. Trench o ne a akanya ka bukantswe e ntšha e kgolo ya lefoko lengwe le lengwe mo puong ya Seesemane, le go dirisiwa ka puso ya batho le batho le ka kgololesego. Go ya ka mokwadi Simon Winchester, "Go dira thulaganyo e, o ne a re, go ne go feta bokgoni jwa motho ope fela. Go bala dibuka tsotlhe tsa Seesemane – le go sekaseka makwalo a dikgang a London le New York le makwalo a dikgang le buka ya tsotlhe a aitseng go bala le go kwala – go na le moo go tshwanetse ga nna 'tiro e e kopaneng ya batho ba le bantsi.' Go tla tlhokega go thapa setlhopha – mo godimo ga moo, se segolo – se gongwe se nang le makgolokgolo le makgolokgolo a batho ba ba sa duelweng, botlhe ba dira jaaka baithaopi."<ref>Winchester, Simon (1998). ''The Professor and the Madman: A Tale of Murder, Insanity, and the Making of the Oxford English Dictionary''. Harpers, p. 106.</ref> Kgatelopele ya maranyane ya tshedimosetso kwa bofelong jwa lekgolo la masome a mabedi la dingwaga e ne ya dira gore go dirwe diphetogo mo mofuteng wa diensaetlopedia. Le fa diensaetlopedia tsa nako e e fetileng, segolobogolo [[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica|''Encyclopædia Britannica'']], gantsi di ne di theilwe mo dibukeng, [[:en:Encarta|Encarta]] ya Microsoft, e e gatisitsweng ka ngwaga wa 1993, e ne e le teng mo CD-ROM e bile e na le [[:en:Hyperlink|dikgolagano tse dintsi]]. Go tlhamiwa ga [[:en:World_Wide_Web|World Wide Web]] go ne ga dira gore go dirwe maiteko a mantsi a go dira [[:en:Online_encyclopedia|mananeo a ensaetlopedia tsa maranyane]]. Tshitshinyo ya ntlha ya ensaetlopedia ya mo inthaneteng e ne e le [[:en:Interpedia|Interpedia]] ka ngwaga wa1993 ke [[:en:Rick_Gates_(Internet_pioneer)|Rick Gates]];<ref name=":0" /> lenaneo le le ne la swa pele ga e tlhagisa diteng dipe tsa ensaetlopedia. Motshegetsi wa [[:en:Free_software|mananeo a sesupaditlhaka sa mahala]] [[:en:Richard_Stallman|Richard Stallman]] o ne a tlhalosa botlhokwa jwa "Ensaetlopedia ya Lefatshe Lotlhe ya Mahala le Motswedi wa go Ithuta" ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":1" /> Tokomane ya gagwe e e gatisitsweng e ne ya tlhalosa kafa go ka "tlhomamisiwang ka gone gore kgatelopele e tswelela pele go ya kwa dipoelong tse di gaisang le tsa tlholego." Motlhami-mmogo wa Wikipedia e bong Jimmy Wales o ne a bolela gore kgopolo ya Wikipedia e ne ya tla fa e ne e le moithuti wa dialogane kwa [[:en:Indiana_University_Bloomington|Mmadikolong wa Indiana]], koo a neng a kgatlhiwa ke katlego ya [[:en:Open-source_movement|mokgatlho wa motswedi o o bulegileng]] mme a fitlhela [[:en:GNU_Manifesto|Lekwalo la maikelelo le bokgoni la ga Emacs]] wa ga Richard Stallman o o rotloetsang [[:en:Free_software_movement|mananeo a sesupaditlhaka a mahala]] le itsholelo ya go abelana e kgatlhang. Wales gape o akgola tlhamo ya ga moitseanape wa itsholelo wa [[:en:Austrian_School|Sekolo sa Austria]] e bong [[:en:Friedrich_Hayek|Friedrich Hayek]], Polelo ya tlhamo ya "[[:en:The_Use_of_Knowledge_in_Society|Tiriso ya Kitso mo Setšhabeng,]]" e a neng a e bala fa a ne a le moithuti wa pele ga kalogo,<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140930011944/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2006/07/31/know-it-all Know It All - The New Yorker]". ''[[:en:The_New_Yorker|The New Yorker]]''. September 30, 2014. Archived from [http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2006/07/31/know-it-all the original] on September 30, 2014. Retrieved November 7, 2024.</ref> jaaka "e e botlhokwa" mo go akanyeng ga gagwe ka ga "kafa a ka laolang lenaneo la Wikipedia ka gone."<ref>Mangu-Ward, Katherine (May 30, 2007). "[https://reason.com/2007/05/30/wikipedia-and-beyond/ Wikipedia and Beyond]". ''Reason.com''. Retrieved November 7, 2024.</ref> Tlhamo e e gatelela gore [[:en:Dispersed_knowledge|tshedimosetso e kgaogantswe fela ka bongwe]]—gore motho mongwe le mongwe o itse fela karolwana e nnye ya se se itsiweng mmogo, ditshwetso di dirwa botoka ke batho ba ba nang le kitso ya lefelo leo, go na le ke bothati jo bo botlhokwa. Ka nako eo, Wales o ne a ithuta tsa madi mme o ne a kgatlhilwe ke ditlhotlheletso tsa batho ba le bantsi ba ba neng ba ntsha seabe jaaka baithaopi mo go tlhameng mananeo a disupaditlhaka tsa mahala, koo dikai di le dintsi di neng di nna le dipholo tse di molemo thata.<ref>[https://play.acast.com/s/dannyinthevalley/wikipediasjimmywales "Wikipedia's Jimmy Wales: "I have this crazy idea that people will pay for free news]"", Danny in the Valley, January 19, 2018, [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055526/https://play.acast.com/s/dannyinthevalley/wikipediasjimmywales archived] from the original on March 16, 2023, retrieved March 16, 2023 Richard Stallman discussed at 20min, with further Open Source discussion at 16min.</ref> Go ya ka mokwalo wa dikgang w ''[[:en:The_Economist|The Economist]]'', Wikipedia "e simolotse mo tsholofelong ya maranyane e e neng e tlhaola inthanete kwa bokhutlong jwa lekgolo la masome a mabedi la dingwaga. E ne e tshwara gore batho ba ba tlwaelesegileng ba ka dirisa disupa ditlhaka tsa bone jaaka didirisiwa tsa kgololesego, thuto, le go sedimosiwa."<ref>[https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher "Wikipedia is 20, and its reputation has never been higher]". The Economist. January 9, 2021. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0013-0613 0013-0613.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20221231224550/https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher Archived] from the original on December 31, 2022. Retrieved August 29, 2022.</ref> === Go tlhama kgopolo === Wikipedia e ne ya akanyediwa kwa tshimologong jaaka lenaneo la phepo ya [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]] e e neng ya tlhongwa kwa Wales, lenaneo la pelenyana la go tlhagisa ensaetlopedia ya mahala ya inthanete, e e neng ya ithaopela go dira ke [[:en:Bomis|Bomis]], kompone ya dipapatso tsa maranyane e e leng ya ga Jimmy, [[:en:Tim_Shell|Tim Shell]] le [[:en:Michael_E._Davis_(businessman)|Michael E. Davis]]. <ref>[[:en:Marshall_Poe|Poe, Marshall]] (September 2006). "[https://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/ The Hive]". The Atlantic Monthly. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061223004004/http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia Archived] from the original on December 23, 2006. Retrieved March 25, 2007. Wales and Sanger created the first Nupedia wiki on 10 January 2001. The initial purpose was to get the public to add entries that would then be "fed into the Nupedia process" of authorization. Most of Nupedia's expert volunteers, however, wanted nothing to do with this, so Sanger decided to launch a separate site called "Wikipedia". Neither Sanger nor Wales looked on Wikipedia as anything more than a lark. This is evident in Sanger's flip announcement of Wikipedia to the Nupedia discussion list. "Humor me", he wrote. "Go there and add a little article. It will take all of five or ten minutes". And, to Sanger's surprise, go they did. Within a few days, Wikipedia outstripped Nupedia in terms of quantity, if not quality, and a small community developed. In late January, Sanger created a Wikipedia discussion list (Wikipedia-L) to facilitate discussion of the project.</ref><ref name=":3">Sidener, Jonathan (December 6, 2004). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20090221005820/http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20041206/news_mz1b6encyclo.html Everyone's Encyclopedia]". ''[[:en:The_San_Diego_Union-Tribune|The San Diego Union-Tribune]]''. Archived from [http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20041206/news_mz1b6encyclo.html the original] on February 21, 2009. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref><ref name=":4">Sanger, Larry (April 18, 2005). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20090722235956/http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05%2F04%2F18%2F164213&tid=95&tid=149&tid=9 The Early History of Nupedia and Wikipedia: A Memoir – Part] I". Archived from [http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05/04/18/164213&tid=95&tid=149&tid=9 the original] on July 22, 2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061108094801/http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05%2F04%2F19%2F1746205&tid=95 "The Early History of Nupedia and Wikipedia: A Memoir – Part II".] [[:en:Slashdot|Slashdot]]. April 19, 2005. Archived from [http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05/04/19/1746205&tid=95 the original] on November 8, 2006. My initial idea was that the wiki would be set up as part of Nupedia; it was to be a way for the public to develop a stream of content that could be fed into the Nupedia process. I think I got some of the basic pages written—how wikis work, what our general plan was, and so forth—over the next few days. I wrote a general proposal for the Nupedia community, and the Nupedia wiki went live January 10. The first encyclopedia articles for what was to become Wikipedia were written then. It turned out, however, that a clear majority of the Nupedia Advisory Board wanted to have nothing to do with a wiki. Again, their commitment was to rigor and reliability, a concern I shared with them and continue to have. Still, perhaps some of those people are kicking themselves now. They (some of them) evidently thought that a wiki could not resemble an encyclopedia at all, that it would be too informal and unstructured, as the original WikiWikiWeb was (and is), to be associated with Nupedia. They of course were perfectly reasonable to doubt that it would turn into the fantastic source of content that it did. Who could reasonably guess that it would work? But it did work, and now the world knows better.</ref>Nupedia e ne ya tlhongwa mo tirisong ya baithaopi ba ba tshwanelegang le thulaganyo ya go [[:en:Peer_review|sekaseka balekane]] e e nang le dikgato di le dintsi.<ref>Kaplan Andreas, Haenlein Michael (2014) Collaborative projects (social media application): About Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Business Horizons, Volume 57 Issue 5, pp. 617–626</ref> Le fa e ne e na le lenaane la barulaganyi ba ba kgatlhegang ba ba fetang dikete tse pedi, le go nna teng ga ga Sanger jaaka morulaganyi-mogolo wa nako e e tletseng,<ref>"[[m:My_resignation--Larry_Sanger|My resignation – Larry Sanger – Meta]]". meta.wikimedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230320142105/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/My_resignation--Larry_Sanger Archived] from the original on March 20, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023. I was more or less offered the job of editing Nupedia when I was, as an ABD philosophy graduate student, soliciting Jimbo's (and other friends') advice on a website I was thinking of starting. It was the first I had heard of Jimbo's idea of an open content encyclopedia, and I was delighted to take the job.</ref> go tlhagisiwa ga diteng tsa Nupedia go ne go le bonya thata, ka dipego di le lesome le bobedi fela tse di kwadilweng mo ngwageng wa ntlha.<ref name=":4" /> Ba-Nupedia ba ne ba tlotla ka ditsela tse di farologaneng tsa go tlhama diteng ka bonako.<ref name=":3" /> Di-wiki di ne di dirisitswe gongwe mo boranyaneng go rulaganya kitso,<ref>[https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2013-01-12-chi-archives-aaron-swartz-20130112-story.html "From the archives: Highland Park teen is finalist in web competition]". ''Chicago Tribune''. January 12, 2013. Retrieved August 21, 2023.</ref> mme kgopolo ya tlaleletso e e theilweng mo di-[[:en:Wiki|wiki]] mo Nupedia e ne ya tlholwa ke motlotlo magareng ga Sanger le Ben Kovitz,<ref name=":5">"[http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?BenKovitz Ben Kovitz]". [[:en:WikiWikiWeb|WikiWikiWeb]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070404030625/http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?BenKovitz Archived] from the original on April 4, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007. – see also Ben Kovitz' fuller account which he links from there.</ref><ref name=":6">Moody, Glyn (July 13, 2006). [https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2006/jul/13/media.newmedia "This time, it'll be a Wikipedia written by experts"]. The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070222023201/http://technology.guardian.co.uk/weekly/story/0,,1818630,00.html Archived] from the original on February 22, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007. – While casting around for a way to speed up article production, Sanger met with Kovitz, an old friend, in January 2001. Kovitz introduced Sanger to the idea of the wiki, invented in 1995 by Ward Cunningham: web pages that anyone could write and edit. "My first reaction was that this really could be what would solve the problem," Sanger explains, "because the software was already written, and this community of people on WikiWikiWeb" – the first wiki – "had created something like 14,000 pages". Nupedia, by contrast, had produced barely two dozen articles. Sanger took up the idea immediately: "I wrote up a proposal and sent it [to Wales] that evening, and the wiki was then set up for me to work on." But this was not Wikipedia as we know it. "Originally it was the Nupedia Wiki – our idea was to use it as an article incubator for Nupedia. Articles could begin life on this wiki, be developed collaboratively and, when they got to a certain stage of development, be put into the Nupedia system."</ref><ref name=":7">Sidener, Jonathan (September 23, 2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20071017041126/http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20060923/news_lz1n23wiki.html "Wikipedia co-founder looks to add accountability, end anarchy]". [[:en:The_San_Diego_Union-Tribune|The San Diego Union-Tribune]]. Archived from [http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20060923/news_lz1n23wiki.html the original] on October 17, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007. The origins of Wikipedia date to 2000, when Sanger was finishing his doctoral thesis in philosophy and had an idea for a Web site.</ref> le ke o mongwe magareng ga Wales le Jeremy Rosenfeld.<ref name=":5" /> Kovitz e ne e le motlhami wa diporokeramo tsa khomphiutha mme a nna mo wiki ya ga [[:en:Ward_Cunningham|Ward Cunningham]] e e fetolang wiki go nna "[[:en:WikiWikiWeb|WikiWikiWeb]]". O ne a tlhalosetsa Sanger gore di-wiki ke eng, fa ba ne ba ja dijo tsa maitseboa ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /><ref>Poe, Marshall (September 2006). "[https://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/3 The Hive"]. [[:en:The_Atlantic_Monthly|The Atlantic Monthly]]. p. 3. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061110160718/http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/3 Archived] from the original on November 10, 2006. Retrieved March 25, 2007. – "Over tacos that night, Sanger explained his concerns about Nupedia's lack of progress, the root cause of which was its serial editorial system. As Nupedia was then structured, no stage of the editorial process could proceed before the previous stage was completed. Kovitz brought up the wiki and sketched out 'wiki magic,' the mysterious process by which communities with common interests work to improve wiki pages by incremental contributions. If it worked for the rambunctious hacker culture of programming, Kovitz said, it could work for any online collaborative project. The wiki could break the Nupedia bottleneck by permitting volunteers to work simultaneously all over the project. With Kovitz in tow, Sanger rushed back to his apartment and called Wales to share the idea. Over the next few days, he wrote a formal proposal for Wales and started a page on Cunningham's wiki called 'Wikipedia.'"</ref>Wales o ne a bolela ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2001 gore "Larry o ne a na le mogopolo wa go dirisa maranyane a sesupa ditlhaka sa Wiki" mo bathong ba ba neng ba boregile ka thulaganyo ya Nupedia,<ref>Wales, Jimmy (October 30, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20140620072830/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2001-October/000671.html LinkBacks]?". Wikimedia. Archived from [[mailarchive:wikipedia-l/2001-October/000671.html|the original]] (Email) on June 20, 2014. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref> mme moragonyana a bolela ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2005 gore Rosenfeld o ne a mo itsise kgopolo ya wiki.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140328235925/http://www.wired.com/techbiz/media/news/2007/05/assignment_zero_citizendium Assignment Zero First Take: Wiki Innovators Rethink Openness]". [[:en:Wired_News|Wired News]]. May 3, 2007. Archived from [https://www.wired.com/techbiz/media/news/2007/05/assignment_zero_citizendium the original] on March 28, 2014. Retrieved November 1, 2007. Wired.com states: "Wales offered the following on-the-record comment in an e-mail to NewAssignment.net editor [and NYU Professor] [[:en:Jay_Rosen|Jay Rosen]] ...' Larry Sanger was my employee working under my direct supervision during the entire process of launching Wikipedia. He was not the originator of the proposal to use a wiki for the encyclopedia project – that was Jeremy Rosenfeld'."</ref> Sanger o ne a akanya gore wiki e tla nna polatefomo e e siameng go e dirisa, mme a tshitshinya mo lenaaneng la go romela la Nupedia gore wiki e e theilweng mo UseModWiki (ka nako eo v. 0.90)e tlhomiwe jaaka lenaneo la "mojesi" ya Nupedia. Ka fa tlase ga setlhogo sa "A re direng wiki", o ne a kwala jaana:<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 10, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414014355/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html Let's make a wiki]". Nupedia mailing list. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Nnyaa, se ga se tshitshinyo e e sa tshwanelang. Ke kakanyo ya go tsenya karolo e nnye mo Nupedia. Jimmy Wales o akanya gore batho ba le bantsi ba ka nna ba fitlhela kgopolo eno e sa amogelesege, mme nna ga ke akanye jalo... Fa e le ka tiriso ya wiki ya Nupedia, eno ke thulaganyo ya BOFELO e e "bulegileng" le e e motlhofo ya go tlhama diteng. Re kile ra buisana gangwe le gape ka megopolo ya diporojeke tse di bonolo, tse di bulegileng thata, tse di ka emelang kgotsa tsa tlaleletsa Nupedia. Go lebega mo go nna gore diwiki di ka dirisiwa ka bonako thata, di tlhoka tlhokomelo e nnye fela, mme ka kakaretso ga di na kotsi e kgolo. Gape di ka nna motswedi o mogolo wa diteng. Ka jalo, ga go na mathata a magolo a a ka nnang teng, go ya ka kafa ke bonang ka teng. Wales e ne ya tlhoma e le nngwe mme ya e tsenya mo maranyaneng ka Laboraro wa kgwedi ya Ferikgong etlhola malatsi a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 2001, ka fa tlase ga karolo ya nupedia.com.<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 10, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030425173342/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html Nupedia's wiki: try it out".] Nupedia mailing list. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html the original] on April 25, 2003.</ref> Se se ne sa sutela kwa wiki e ntšhwa ka fa tlase ga karolo ya wikipedia.com ka kgwedi ya Ferikgonge tlhola malatsia a le lesome le botlhano. Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa, lenaneo la [[:en:GNUPedia|GNUPedia]] la [[:en:Free_Software_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Mananeo a disupa ditlhaka a Mahala]] (FSF) e ne ya tsena mo maranyaneng, e e neng e ka nna ya gaisana le [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]],<ref>"[http://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=9990&threshold=1&commentsort=0&mode=thread&cid=502603 Slashdot Comments | GNUPedia Project Starting]". Slashdot.org. January 17, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220612010030/https://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=9990 Archived] from the original on June 12, 2022. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> mme mo dingwageng di le mmalwa FSF e ne ya rotloetsa batho "go etela le go tsenya letsogo mo [Wikipedia]" boemong jwa seo.<ref>[https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/ "The Free Encyclopedia Project]". GNU.org. 2012 [1999]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121221000617/http://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/ Archived] from the original on December 21, 2012. Retrieved December 20, 2012.</ref> === Go tlhongwa ga Wikipedia === ''Bona gape: [[:en:First_Wikipedia_edit|Tseleganyo ya ntlha ya Wikipedia]], [[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia's_oldest_articles|Wikipedia:Ditlhogo tsa bogologolo tsa Wikipedia]], le [[:en:Wikipedia:First_100_pages|Wikipedia:Ditsebe tsa ntlha di le]]'' ''[[:en:Wikipedia:First_100_pages|lekgolo]]'' Go ne go na le go okaoka mo gare ga barulaganyi ka go bofa Nupedia gaufi thata le kelelo ya tiro ya mofuta wa wiki.<ref name=":4" /> Morago ga gore wiki ya Nupedia e thankgololwe ka fa tlase ga nupedia.com ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 2001,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20030425173342/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html "&#x5B;Nupedia-l&#x5D; Nupedia's wiki: try it out"]. April 25, 2003. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20030425173342/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html the original] on April 25, 2003. Retrieved August 21, 2023.</ref> Wales e ne ya akantshanya go simolola lenaneo le le ntšhwa ka fa tlase ga leina la yone, mme Sanger o ne a akantshanya ''Wikipedia'', a e tlhama jaaka "lenaneo la tlaleletso ya Nupedia e e dirang e e ikemetseng ka nosi gotlhelele."<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 11, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414021138/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html <nowiki>Re: [Advisory-l] The wiki</nowiki>]..." Nupedia mailing list. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Wiki e ntšhwa e ne ya simololwa kwa wikipedia.com ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2001. [[:en:Bandwidth_(computing)|Bophara jwa bogolo jwa kgokaganyo ya maranyane]] le [[:en:Server_(computing)|tsamaiso e e bolokang tshedimosetso]] (e e kwa San Diego) tse di dirisitsweng mo mananeong ao a ntlha di ne tsa neelwa ke Bomis. Badiri ba le bantsi ba pele ba Bomis moragonyana ba ne ba ntsha diteng tsa ensaetlopedia: segolobogolo [[:en:Tim_Shell|Tim Shell]], motlhami-mmogo le moragonyana Mokhuduthamaga wa Bomis, le motlhami wa dithulaganyo Jason Richey. [[Setshwantsho:Jimmy Wales' Mac and the First Wikipedia Edit — "Hello World" (51738433963).jpg|thumb|iMac ya ga Jimmy Wales e ne e dirisiwa go dira tseleganyo ya ntlha mo Wikipedia]] Wales o boletse ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2008 gore o dirile tseleganyo ya ntlha ya Wikipedia, tseleganyo ya teko e e nang le mokwalo o o reng "[[:en:"Hello,_World!"_program|Dumela, Lefatshe]]!", mme se e ka tswa e ne e le mo mofuteng wa bogologolo wa Wikipedia o ka bonako morago ga moo o neng wa phimolwa mme wa emisediwa ka go simolola gape.<ref>Message by Jimmy Wales {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160412003535/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Jimbo_Wales&diff=prev&oldid=258632986|date=12 April 2016}} Wednesday 17 December 2008. Retrieved Saturday 30 January 2010.</ref><ref>Starling, Tim (January 14, 2011). "[[mailarchive:wikien-l/2011-January/108198.html|Hello world]]?". ''WikiEN-l'' (Mailing list). Retrieved June 4, 2022.</ref>Tseleganyo ya ntlha e e neng ya boela mo Wikipedia.com e ne e le ya Tsebe ya Gae ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2001, e e neng e balega jaana "E ke Wikipedia e ntšhwa!"; e ka bonwa [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/908493298|fa]].<ref>Wikipedia's earliest edits were once believed lost, as early [[:en:UseModWiki|UseModWiki]] software deleted data after a month. But on 14 December 2010, [[:en:Tim_Starling|Tim Starling]] found backups on [[:en:SourceForge|SourceForge]] containing every change made to Wikipedia from its creation in January 2001 to 17 August 2001. As of 2019, these were imported into Wikipedia's edit history. Before that, the first edits that had been known were to [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/291430|Wikipedia:UuU]], [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/286342|TransporT]], and [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/11992008|User:ScottMoonen]] on 16 January 2001.</ref> Go nna teng ga lenaneo go ne ga itsisiwe semmuso mme boikuelo jwa gore baithaopi ba nne le seabe mo go tlhameng diteng bo ne jwa dirwa kwa lenaaneng la go romela ka poso la Nupedia ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20030331101007/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000684.html <nowiki>"[Nupedia-l] Wikipedia is up!</nowiki>]". March 31, 2003. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000684.html the original] on March 31, 2003. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Lenaneo le ne la amogela batsayakarolo ba le bantsi ba bašwa morago ga go umakiwa mo lefelong ya maranyane le le naleng tshedimosetso ya [[:en:Slashdot|Slashdot]] ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2001,<ref>"[http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Britannica and Free Content]". Slashdot. July 26, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090114204227/http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Archived] from the original on January 14, 2009.</ref> e setse e umakilwe gabedi ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwo ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref>[http://slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=01/03/02/1422244&tid=99 "Nupedia and Project Gutenberg Directors Answer]". Slashdot. March 5, 2001.</ref><ref>[http://slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=01/03/29/2035230&tid=95 "Everything2 Hits One Million Nodes]". Slashdot. March 29, 2001.</ref> Morago ga moo e ne ya amogela tshupo e e tlhageletseng ya kgang mo lefelong ya maranyane le le naleng tshedimosetso le setso e e rulagantsweng ke baagi ya Kuro5hin, e e rulaganngwang ke setšhaba, e e buang ka maranyane le setso, ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le botlhano.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20011107050810/http://www.kuro5hin.org/story/2001/7/25/103136/121 "Britannica or Nupedia? The Future of Free Encyclopedias]". Kuro5hin. July 25, 2001. Archived from [http://www.kuro5hin.org/story/2001/7/25/103136/121 the original] on November 7, 2001.</ref> Fa gare ga go tsena moo ga batho ba le bantsi, go ne go ntse go na le batho ba le bantsi ba ba neng ba tla go tswa kwa metsweding e mengwe, segolobogolo Google, e e neng e romela makgolokgolo a baeng ba basha mo lefelong e e le nosi letsatsi le letsatsi. [[:en:Mainstream_media|Kgaso ya yone]] [[:en:Mainstream_media|ya bobegakgang]] ya ntlha e kgolo e ne e le mo [[:en:The_New_York_Times|''The New York Times'']] ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref>Meyers, Peter (September 20, 2001). [https://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/20/technology/fact-driven-collegial-this-site-wants-you.html "Fact-Driven? Collegial? This Site Wants You]". The New York Times. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20090415232001/http://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/20/technology/fact-driven-collegial-this-site-wants-you.html Archived] from the original on April 15, 2009. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> === Dikgaogano le go dira gore dilo di nne tsa boditšhabatšhaba === Kwa tshimologong ya tlhabololo ya Wikipedia, e ne ya simolola go atologa kwa mafatsheng a mangwe, ka go tlhamiwa ga [[:en:Namespace|mafelo a masha a maina]], lengwe le lengwe le na le setlhopa se se farologaneng sa [[:en:Username|maina a badirisi]]. [[:en:Subdomain|Karolopotlana]] ya ntlha e e tlhametsweng Wikipedia e e seng ya Seesemane e ne e le [[:en:German_Wikipedia|deutsche.wikipedia.com]] (e e tlhamilweng ka Labotlhano kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2001, mo nakong ya oura e le nngwe le metsotso e le masome a mararo le borobedi kwa morago ga nako ya UTC),<ref>"[[mailarchive:wikipedia-l/2001-March/000049.html|Alternative language Wikipedias]]". Lists. Wikimedia. March 15, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140620120726/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2001-March/000049.html Archived] from the original on June 20, 2014. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> mme morago ga dioura di le mmalwa ya latelwa ke [[:en:Catalan_Wikipedia|catalan.wikipedia.com]] (ka oura ya lesome le boraro le metsotso e le supa mo nakong ya UTC).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20010413083954/http://catalan.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=history&id=HomePage "History of the Catalan Homepage]". Wikipedia. Archived from [https://catalan.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=history&id=HomePage the original] on April 13, 2001. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> [[:en:Japanese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejapane]], e e simolotseng e le nihongo.wikipedia.com, e ne ya tlhamiwa mo pakeng eo,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20010420120143/http://nihongo.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=browse&id=HomePage&revision=3 "Nihongo No Wikipedia: HomePage]". April 20, 2001. Archived from [https://nihongo.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=browse&id=HomePage&revision=3 the original] on April 20, 2001. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20010331173908/http://www.wikipedia.com/ Wikipedia: HomePage]". March 31, 2001. Archived from [https://www.wikipedia.com/ the original] on March 31, 2001. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref>mme kwa tshimologong e ne e dirisa fela [[:en:Romanization_of_Japanese|Sejapane se se fetotsweng sa Seroma]]. Mo dikgweding di ka nna pedi Se-Catalan e ne e le sone se se nang le dipego tse dintsi ka puo e e seng ya Seesemane,<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Multilingual_monthly_statistics_(2001)|Multilingual monthly statistics]]</ref><ref>[https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C3%80bac&oldid=1 "First edition in the Catalan Wikipedia]" (in Catalan). Wikipedia. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201112014959/https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C3%80bac Archived] from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> le fa dipalopalo tsa nako eo ya ntlha di sa nepagala.<ref>This [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Multilingual_monthly_statistics_(2001)&oldid=192353617 table] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210222221921/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3AMultilingual_monthly_statistics_%282001%29&oldid=192353617 Archived] 22 February 2021 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]], for instance, misses Japanese and German articles such as [https://web.archive.org/web/20010421123743/http://nihongo.wikipedia.com/wiki/Nihongo_no_funimekusu this one] and [https://web.archive.org/web/20010411030440/http://deutsche.wikipedia.com/wiki/Nupedia_Deutsch-L_Sektion this one], both dated 6 April 2001.</ref> Wikipedia ya Sefora e tlhamilwe ka kgotsa mo e ka nnang ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome lebongwe ka ngwaga wa 2001,<ref>The [https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikip%C3%A9dia:Historique_de_Wikip%C3%A9dia_en_fran%C3%A7ais&oldid=34816819 Documentation on the French Wikipedia] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210608194149/https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikip%C3%A9dia:Historique_de_Wikip%C3%A9dia_en_fran%C3%A7ais&oldid=34816819 Archived] 8 June 2021 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] mentions the date of 23 March 2001, but this date is not supported by Wikipedia snapshots on the [[:en:Internet_Archive|Internet Archive]], nor by Jason Richey's letter, which was dated 11 May 2001 (see below).</ref> ka lekhubu la diphetolelo tse dišwa tsa puo tse gape di neng di akaretsa [[:en:Chinese_Wikipedia|Setšhaena]], [[:en:Dutch_Wikipedia|Sedatšhe]], [[:en:Esperanto_Wikipedia|Seeseperanto]], [[:en:Hebrew_Wikipedia|Sehebera]], [[:en:Italian_Wikipedia|Sentadiana]], [[:en:Portuguese_Wikipedia|Sepotokisi]], [[:en:Russian_Wikipedia|Serussia]], [[:en:Spanish_Wikipedia|Sepanishe]], le [[:en:Swedish_Wikipedia|Sesweden]].<ref>[[mailarchive:wikipedia-l/2001-May/000116.html|Letter of Jason Richey to wikipedia-l mailing list]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20140620081721/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2001-May/000116.html Archived] 20 June 2014 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] 11 May 2001</ref> Go ise go ye kae dipuo tseno di ne tsa kopanngwa ke [[:en:Arabic_Wikipedia|Searabia]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20011118054300/http://ar.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?HomePage "Homepage from the Internet Archive"]. Wikipedia. Archived from [https://ar.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?HomePage the original] on November 18, 2001. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> le [[:en:Hungarian_Wikipedia|Sehungary]].<ref>[[Wikipedia:Announcements]] May 2001</ref><ref>"[https://www.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=International_Wikipedia&action=history International Wikipedia]". Wikipedia. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa 2001, kitsiso e ne ya solofetsa go ineela mo tlamelong ya dipuo tse dintsi ya Wikipedia,<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Announcements_2001#September_2001|Wikipedia:Announcements 2001]]</ref> e itsise badirisi ka go phatlaldiwa gmo go tlang ga Wikipedias ya dipuo tsotlhe tse dikgolo, go tlhongwa ga maemo a konokono, le go kgaratlhela thanolo ya ditsebe tsa konokono tsa wiki tsa ditsebe tse dišwa tsa wiki. Kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga oo, fa dipalopalo tsa boditšhabatšhaba di ne di simolola go kwalwa la ntlha, go ne ga itsisiwe diphetolelo tsa [[:en:Afrikaans_Wikipedia|Seaforikanse]], [[:en:Norwegian_Wikipedia|Senorway]] le [[:en:Serbian_Wikipedia|Seserbia]].<ref>"[https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:International_wikipedias_statistics International Wikipedias statistics]". [https://web.archive.org/web/20030305012547/http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:International_wikipedias_statistics Wikipedia]. Archived from the original on March 5, 2003. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2002, karolo ya masome a borobabongwe mo lekgolong ya dipego tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia di ne di le ka Seesemane. Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2004, batho ba ba kwa tlase ga karolo ya masome a matlhano mo lekgolong e ne e le Baesemane, mme go dira gore batho ba nne ba boditšhabatšhaba gono go tsweletse go oketsega fa ensaetlopedia e e ntse e gola. Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2014, mo e ka nnang karolo ya masome a borobabobedi le botlhano mo lekgolong ya dipego tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia di ne di le mo mefuteng ya Wikipedia e e seng ya Seesemane.<ref>"[[m:List_of_Wikipedias#Grand_Total|List of Wikipedias – Grand Total (retrieved 2014)]]". Wikimedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20141219233704/http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias#Grand_Total Archived] from the original on December 19, 2014. Retrieved December 20, 2014.</ref> Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2023, Di-Wikipedia tsa Seesemane le tsa Seesemane se se motlhofo di na le dipego di le didikadike di le di le supa fa gare ga tsone, mme mo e ka nnang karolo ya masome a borobabongwe mo lekgolong ya dipego di ne di le mo di-Wikipedia tse e seng tsa Seesemane.<ref name=":12">[[m:List_of_Wikipedias|"List of Wikipedias – Meta]]". meta.wikimedia.org. Retrieved August 21, 2023.</ref> === Tlhabololo ya Wikipedia === [[Setshwantsho:Old Wikipedia.png|thumb|Tsebekgolo ya Wikipedia (Kgwedi ya Lwetse a tlhola malatsi e le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2002)]] Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2002, morago ga go gogelwa morago ga matlole ke Bomis ka nako ya go [[:en:Dot-com_bubble|phutlhama ga dot-com]], Sanger o ne a tlogela Nupedia le Wikipedia ka bobedi.<ref>Schiff, Stacy (July 31, 2006). "[https://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/060731fa_fact Know It All]". [[:en:The_New_Yorker|The New Yorker.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20081122125817/http://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/060731fa_fact Archived] from the original on November 22, 2008. Retrieved April 25, 2009.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2002, ene le Wales ba ne ba sa tshwane ka dikgopolo tsa bone tsa gore ba ka laola jang diensaetlopedia tse di bulegileng sentle. Bobedi jwa bone ba ne ba sa ntse ba tshegetsa kgopolo ya tirisanommogo e e bulegileng, mme ba ne ba sa dumalane ka gore ba ka tshwara jang barulaganyi ba ba kgoreletsang, dikarolo tse di rileng tsa baitseanape, le tsela e e molemolemo ya go kaela porojeke gore e atlege. Wales o ne a tswelela go tlhoma go ipusa le go ikaela [[:en:Business_development|go tswa kwa tlase go ya kwa godimo]] ke barulaganyi mo Wikipedia. O ne a tlhalosa sentle gore ga a kitla a nna le seabe mo tsamaisong ya letsatsi le letsatsi ya morafe, mme o tlaa o rotloetsa go ithuta go itaola le go ipatlela mekgwa e e gaisang. Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2007, Wales e ne ya lekanyetsa seabe sa gagwe thata go ntsha ditshwaelo tsa nako le nako mo dikgannyeng tse di masisi, tiro ya bokhuduthamaga, go buelela kitso, le go rotloetsa diporojeke tse di tshwanang tsa ditshupiso. Sanger o rile ke "moakaretsi" mme o bulegile mo e ka nnang sengwe le sengwe,<ref>Anderson, Nate (February 25, 2007). [https://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars/3 "Citizendium: building a better Wikipedia"]. Ars Technica. [https://web.archive.org/web/20081020001720/http://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars/3 Archived] from the original on October 20, 2008. Retrieved October 22, 2011.</ref> mme a tshitshinya gore baitseanape ba santse ba na le lefelo mo lefatsheng la [[:en:Web_2.0|Web 2.0.]] Ka ngwaga wa 2006 o ne a tlhoma [[:en:Citizendium|Citizendium]], e leng ensaetlopedia e e bulegileng e e neng e dirisa maina a mmatota a batsayakarolo go fokotsa go tseleganya go go kgoreletsang, mme a solofela go tlhofofatsa "kaelo e e bonolo ya baitseanape" go oketsa go nepagala ga diteng tsa yone. Ditshwetso ka ga diteng tsa pego di ne di tshwanetse go nna mo diatleng tsa baagi, mme lefelo le ne le tshwanetse go akaretsa polelo ka ga "diteng tse di siametseng lelapa".<ref>[http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/CZ:Family-Friendly_Policy "Archive: Family-Friendly Policy – Citizendium]". en.citizendium.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20101120030154/http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/CZ:Family-Friendly_Policy Archived] from the original on November 20, 2010. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>Anderson, Nate (February 25, 2007). [https://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars "Citizendium: building a better Wikipedia"]. Ars Technica. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070324225040/http://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars Archived] from the original on March 24, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref> === Diteng tsa nako e e fetileng tsa Wikipedia === Dipego tsa bogologolo, le tse di sa tlholeng di dirisiwa, tsa ensaetlopedia di botlhokwa thata mo dipatlisisong tsa ditso .<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20210126035016/https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/12/encyclopedias-are-time-capsules/419619/ Encyclopedias Are Time Capsules – The Atlantic]". [[:en:The_Atlantic|The Atlantic]]. January 26, 2021. Archived from [https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/12/encyclopedias-are-time-capsules/419619/ the original] on January 26, 2021. Retrieved June 25, 2022.</ref> Mo pegong nngwe le nngwe ya Wikipedia, mefuta e e fetileng e ka fitlhelelwa ka kgokagano ya "Leba ditso" e e kwa godimo ga tsebe. Ditso tse di feletseng tsa dipego tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia le tsone di ka laisololwa jaaka [[:en:Wikipedia:Database_download|dithotobolo tsa tshedimosetso]], ka sebopego sa difaele tsa [[:en:XML|XML]] tse di gateletsweng.<ref>Koehrsen, Will (October 26, 2018). [https://medium.com/towards-data-science/wikipedia-data-science-working-with-the-worlds-largest-encyclopedia-c08efbac5f5c "Wikipedia Data Science: Working with the World's Largest Encyclopedia"]. ''Towards Data Science''. Retrieved February 4, 2025.</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, Polokelo ya Faele ya ZIM,<ref name=":8">[[iarchive:zimarchive|"ZIM File Archive: Free Data: Free Download, Borrow and Streaming]]". Internet Archive. Retrieved June 25, 2022.</ref> kwa [[:en:Internet_Archive|Polokelong ya Maranyane]], e na le dinepe tse di feletseng tsa nako e e fetileng tsa Wikipedia mmogo le ditlhopho tsa dipego, ka dipuo tse dintsi, go tswa mo dingwageng tse di farologaneng. Di ka bulwa ka mananeo a maranyane a [[:en:Kiwix|Kiwix]]. Magareng ga dingwaga tsa 2007 le 2011, go ne ga gololwa [[:en:History_of_Wikipedia#English_Wikipedia_CD/DVD/Kiwix_ZIM_file_releases|mefuta e meraro ya]] [[:en:History_of_Wikipedia#English_Wikipedia_CD/DVD/Kiwix_ZIM_file_releases|polokelo ya CD/DVD]] (e e bidiwang Mofuta wa Wikipedia 0.5, 0.7 le 0.8) e e nang le tlhopho ya dipego go tswa mo [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]]. Di ne tsa nna teng jaaka difaele tsa Kiwix ZIM, go tswa mo Polokelong ya Difaele tsa ZIM<ref name=":8" /> le go tswa mo lefelong la go laisolola ya Kiwix.[70] === Phetogo ya letshwao === [[Setshwantsho:Old wikipedia logo.png|left|thumb|Go tlhongwa – kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2001 (teko)]] <gallery mode="packed"> Setshwantsho:Wiki logo The Cunctator.png|Bofelo jwa ngwaga wa 2001 go ya kwa kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a lesome le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2003 Setshwantsho:Wikipedia-logo-v3-en.png|Kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2003 go ya kwa kgweding ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2010 Setshwantsho:Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg|Kgwedi wa Motsheganong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2010 – ga jaana </gallery> == Molanako == ''Dipego tse di sobokanyang ngwaga le ngwaga di tshwarwa mo teng ga lefelo la maina a lenaneo la Wikipedia mme di golaganngwa le tse di fa tlase. Didirisiwa tse dingwe tsa patlisiso di teng mo teng ga dipalo le dipolokelo tsa Wikipedia, mme di kwadilwe kwa bokhutlong jwa pego eo.'' === Ngwagasome wa ntlha: Ngwaga wa 2000 go ya kwa ngwageng wa 2009 === ==== Ngwaga wa 2000 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Bomis-staff-summer-2000.jpg|thumb|Babereki ba Bomis magareng ga dingwaga tsa 2000]] Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2000, lenaneo la [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]] le ne la simololwa. Maikaelelo a yone e ne e le go gatisa dipego tse di kwadilweng ke baitseanape tse di neng di tla fiwa tetla jaaka [[:en:Free_content|diteng tsa mahala]]. Nupedia e tlhomilwe ke Wales, a nale Sanger e le morulaganyi-mogolo, mme e tshegeditswe ka matlole ke kompone ya papatso ya boranyane ya [[:en:Bomis|Bomis]].<ref>Poe, Marshall (September 2006). "[https://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/ The Hive]". [[:en:The_Atlantic|The Atlantic]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061223004004/http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia Archived] from the original on December 23, 2006. Retrieved January 1, 2007.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2001 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2001, Wikipedia e ne ya simolola e le lenaneo le le kwa thoko ya Nupedia, go letla tirisanommogo mo dipegong pele ga go tsena mo thulaganyong ya tshekatsheko ya balekane.<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 10, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414014355/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html Let's make a wiki"]. Nupedia-l mailing list. Internet Archive. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Leina le le ne la ntshiwa e le kakanyo ke Sanger ka la bo kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le le lesome le bongwe ka ngwaga wa 2001 jaaka [[:en:Portmanteau|kopano ya mafoko]] ''[[:en:Wiki|wiki]]'' ([[:en:Hawaiian_language|Sehawaiian]] a a kayang "bofefo") le ''ensaetlopedia''.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414021138/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html <nowiki>"[Nupedia-l] Re: [Advisory-l] The wiki</nowiki>]..." nupedia.com. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20030414021138/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Maina a kgolagano ya karolo a ''wikipedia.com'' le ''wikipedia.org'' a ne a kwadisiwa ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bobedi <ref>[[:en:Network_Solutions|Network Solutions]] (2007) [http://www.networksolutions.com/whois/results.jsp?domain=wikipedia.com WHOIS domain registration information results for wikipedia.com from Network Solutions] Archived 27 September 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Retrieved 27 July 2007.</ref> le a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro,<ref>[[:en:Network_Solutions|Network Solutions]] (2007). [http://www.networksolutions.com/whois/results.jsp?domain=wikipedia.org "WHOIS domain registration information results for wikipedia.org from Network Solutions] [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927194913/http://www.networksolutions.com/whois/results.jsp?domain=wikipedia.org Archived] 27 September 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]". Retrieved 27 July 2007.</ref> ka go latelana, mme ''wikipedia.org'' e ne ya tsenngwa mo maranyaneng ka lone letsatsi leo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20101006010812/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page "Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20101006010812/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page Archived] from the original on October 6, 2010. Retrieved September 6, 2010.</ref> Lenaneo le ne la bulwa semmuso ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano("[[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Day|Letsatsi la Wikipedia"]]), ka di-Wikipedia tsa ntlha tsa boditšhabatšhaba – dikgatiso tsa Sejeremane, [[:en:Catalan_language|Se-Catalan]], Sefora, [[:en:Swedish_language|Se-Sweden]], le Se-italia– tse di neng tsa tlhamiwa fa gare ga dikgwedi tsa Mopitlo le Motsheganong. Melawana ya "ntlha ya pono e e sa tseyeng letlhakore" ([[:en:Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view|NPOV]]) e ne ya tlhamiwa semmuso ka nako eno, mme lekhubu la ntlha la Wikipedia la [[:en:Slashdot_effect|slashdotter]] le ne la goroga ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le maosme a mabedi le borataro.<ref>"[http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Britannica and Free Content]". Slashdot. July 26, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090114204227/http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Archived] from the original on January 14, 2009.</ref> Pegelo ya ntlha ya bobegakgang ka ga Wikipedia e ne ya tlhagelela ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga 2001 mo mokwalong wa dikgang ywa [[:en:Western_Mail_(Wales)|''Wales ka Sontaga'']].<ref>[[:en:Western_Mail_(Wales)|Wales on Sunday]] (26 August 2001) Knowledge at your fingertips. Game On: Internet Chat.(writing, "Both Encarta and Britannica are official publications with well-deserved reputations. But there are other options, such as homemade encyclopaedias. One is Wikipedia (www.wikipedia.com) which uses clever software to build an encyclopaedia from scratch. Wiki is software installed on a web server that allows anyone to edit any of the pages. On Wikipedia, anyone can write about any subject they know about. The idea is that over time, enough experts will offer their knowledge for free and build up the world's ultimate hand-built database of knowledge. The disadvantage is that it's still an ongoing project. So far about 8,000 articles have been written and the editors are aiming for 100,000.")</ref> [[:en:September_11_attacks|Ditlhaselo tsa kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bongwe]] di ne tsa dira gore go tlhagelele dikgang tse di botlhokwa mo tsebeng ya gae, mmogo le mabokoso a tshedimosetso a a golaganyang dipego tse di amanang le tsone.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20011010233257/http://www.wikipedia.com/ October 2001 homepage screenshot] shows the "Breaking News" header up top, as well as 11 September 2001 block of articles under "Current events"; the [https://web.archive.org/web/20011010230439/http://www.wikipedia.com/wiki/September_11%2C_2001_Terrorist_Attack 9/11] page shows the activist nature of the page, as well as the large number of subtopics created to cover the event.</ref> Ka nako eo, go ne go setse go tlhamilwe dipego di ka nna lekgolo tse di amanang le 9/11 .<ref>Keegan, Brian (November 17, 2020). [https://slate.com/technology/2020/11/wikipedia-september-11-breaking-news.html "How 9/11 Made Wikipedia What It Is Today]". Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210506060557/https://slate.com/technology/2020/11/wikipedia-september-11-breaking-news.html Archived] from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved May 10, 2021.</ref> Morago ga ditlhaselo tsa kgwedi ya Lwetse a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bongwe, go ne ga tlhaga kgokagano ya setlhogo sa Wikipedia se se buang ka ditlhaselo tseno mo [[:en:Yahoo!|Yahoo!]] tsebe ya gae, mme seno sa felela ka gore go nne le koketsego ya pharakano.<ref>Pasternack, Alex (September 11, 2021). [https://www.fastcompany.com/90674998/how-9-11-turned-a-new-site-called-wikipedia-into-historys-crowdsourced-front-page "How 9/11 turned a new site called Wikipedia into history's crowdsourced front page".] Fast Company. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210911121514/https://www.fastcompany.com/90674998/how-9-11-turned-a-new-site-called-wikipedia-into-historys-crowdsourced-front-page Archived] from the original on September 11, 2021. Retrieved September 11, 2021.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2002 ==== Ngwaga wa 2002 e ne ya bona go fokodiwa ga matlole a Wikipedia go tswa go [[:en:Bomis|Bomis]] le go tsamaya ga ga Sanger. Go ne ga nna le go [[:en:Fork_(software_development)|kgaogana]] ga [[:en:Spanish_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sepanishe]], ka go tlhongwa ga [[:en:Enciclopedia_Libre|''Encyclopedia Libre'']]. Jimmy Wales o netefaditse gore Wikipedia ga e kitla e tsamaisa papatso ya kgwebo. Maranyane a sesupaditshwantsho a ntlha a a rwalegang a [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]] a ne a simolola go dira ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsia le masome a matlhano. Go ne ga tlhagisiwa diroboto. Lenaneo la ntlha la kgaitsadi ([[:en:Wiktionary|Wiktionary]]) le [[:en:Manual_of_Style|Bukana ya]] [[:en:Manual_of_Style|mokgwa]] ya ntlha ya semmuso di ne tsa thankgololwa. Batshwaedi ba ka nna makgolo a mabedi ba ne ba tseleganya Wikipedia letsatsi le letsatsi.<ref>Singer, Michael (January 16, 2002). [https://web.archive.org/web/20030316082912/http://siliconvalley.internet.com/news/article.php/3531_956641 "Free Encyclopedia Project Celebrates Year One]". [[:en:Mecklermedia|''Jupitermedia'']]. Archived from [http://siliconvalley.internet.com/news/article.php/3531_956641 the original] on March 16, 2003.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2003 ==== [[Setshwantsho:2003-08-31 English Wikipedia main page.svg|thumb|Tsebekgolo ya Wikipedia (kgwedi ya Phatwe ngwaga wa 2003)]] Wikipedia ya Seesemane e fetile dipego di le dikete tse lekgolo ka ngwaga wa 2003, fa kgatiso e e latelang e kgolo go gaisa, Wikipedia ya Sejeremane, e fetile di le dikete tse lesome. [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] o ne wa tlhongwa. Wikipedia e amogetse letshwao la yone la lefatshe la jigsaw. Difomula tsa dipalo tse di dirisang [[:en:TeX|TeX]] di ne tsa tsenngwa gape mo lefelong la tshedimosetse. [[:de:Wikipedia:Stammtisch München/Archiv/2003|Kopano ya ntlha ya loago ya Wikipedia]] e ne ya tshwarelwa kwa lefelong la [[:en:Munich|Munich]], kwa lefatsheng la Germany, ka Phalane. Melaometheo ya motheo ya tsamaiso ya [[:en:Wikipedia:ArbCom|Katlholo le komiti ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] ("ArbCom") e ne ya tlhamiwa. [[:en:Wikisource|Wikisource]] e ne ya tlhamiwa jaaka lenaneo le le farologaneng ka kgwedi ya Ngwanaitseele a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bone ka ngwaga wa 2003, go amogela metswedi ya mahala ya mafoko jaaka maikaelelo a yone mo dipuong tse dintsi le dithanolo. ==== Ngwaga wa 2004 ==== Letamo la dipego tsa Wikipedia lefatshe ka bophara le ne la tswelela go gola ka bonako ka ngwaga wa 2004, la menagana gabedi ka bogolo mo dikgweding di le lesome le bobedi, go tswa mo dipegong tse di ka fa tlase ga dikete tse makgolo a matlhano kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2003 go ya ko go tse di fetang sedikadike se le sengwe ka dipuo tse di fetang lekgolo kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2004. Dipego tsa Seesemane fela tsa Wikipedia tse di ne tsa dira gore go nne le dipego tse di ka fa tlase ga dikete tse makgolo a matlhano. Dipolase tsa disefara tsa lefelo la tshedimosetso di ne tsa fudusiwa go tswa kwa California go ya kwa Florida. [[:en:Wikipedia:Categories|Ditlhopha]] le dipampiri tsa thulaganyo ya mokgwa wa [[:en:CSS|CSS]] di ne tsa tlhagisiwa. Maiteko a ntlha a go thibela Wikipedia a ne a diragala, ka lefelo la tshedimosetso le ne la thibelwa kwa China dibeke di le pedi ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo. Ditlhopho tsa semmuso di ne tsa simolola tsa boto ya mokgatlho, le Komiti ya Katlholo mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane. Kgaolo ya ntlha ya bosetšhaba ya Motheo, e leng [[:en:Wikimedia_Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]], e ne ya amogelwa. Kopano, ya ntlha ya loago kwa United States e ne ya tshwarelwa kwa [[:en:Boston|Boston]], [[:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/Boston1|ka kgwedi ya Phukwi]]. [[:en:Wikimedia_Commons|Wikimedia Commons]] e tlhamilwe ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola letsatsi le supa ka ngwaga wa 2004 go amogela difaele tsa media tsa Wikipedia ka dipuo tsotlhe. Bourgeois v. Peters,<ref name=":9">"[https://web.archive.org/web/20121221140312/http://www.ca11.uscourts.gov/opinions/ops/200216886.pdf 387 F.3d 1303]" (PDF). Archived from [http://www.ca11.uscourts.gov/opinions/ops/200216886.pdf the original] (PDF) on December 21, 2012. Retrieved November 19, 2013.</ref> (11th Cir. 2004), tsheko ya kgotlatshekelo e e neng ya swetswa ke [[:en:United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eleventh_Circuit|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo ya United States ya Potologo ya Bolesome le bongwe]] e ne e le nngwe ya dikgopolo tsa ntlha tsa kgotlatshekelo go nopola le go nopola Wikipedia.<ref>Peoples, Lee (January 2010). [http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1055&context=yjolt "The Citation of Wikipedia in Judicial Opinions]". Yale Journal of Law and Technology. 12 (1). [https://web.archive.org/web/20150224051512/http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1055&context=yjolt Archived] from the original on February 24, 2015.</ref> E ne ya bolela jaana: "Gape re gana kgopolo ya gore maemo a kgakololo ya matshosetsi a Lephata la Tshireletso ya Naga ka tsela nngwe a siametse dipatlisiso tseno. Le fa maemo a matshosetsi a ne a 'tlhatlositswe' ka nako ya boipelaetso, 'go fitlha ga jaana, maemo a matshosetsi a ntse a le mo mmala o mosetlha (a tlhatlositswe) go ya go mmala wa lamune mo bontsing jwa nako e e fetileng. makgetlo a le mantsi.'"<ref name=":9" /> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabongwe, Wikipedia e ne ya fetola letlalo la yone la thulaganyetsoruri go tswa go [[mw:Skin:Standard|Tlwaelo]] go ya go [[mw:Skin:MonoBook|MonoBook]], segokaganyi se se neng sa nna sa thulaganyo ya ruri mo mafelong a tshedimosetso a Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref>"[[mw:Skin:MonoBook|MonoBook]]". MediaWiki. Retrieved April 30, 2026.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2005 ==== Ka ngwaga wa 2005, Wikipedia e ne ya nna lefelo la tshedimosetso le le ratiwang thata ya ditshupiso mo maranyaneng, go ya ka [[:en:Hitwise|Hitwise]], ka Wikipedia ya Seesemane e le nosi e e fetang dipego di le dikete di le makgolo a supa le botlhano. Dikgoro tsa ntlha tsa Wikipedia tsa dipuo tse dintsi le tsa dirutwa di ne tsa tlhongwa ka ngwaga wa 2005. Kokoanyo ya semmuso ya madi e e neng ya tshwarwa mo kotareng ya ntlha ya ngwaga e ne ya kokoanya mo e ka nnang di dolara tsa lefatshe la Amerika di le dikete tse lekgolo ya go tlhabolola tsamaiso go samagana le tlhokego e e golang. China e ne ya thibela Wikipedia gape ka kgwedi ya Phalane ngwaga wa 2005. Matlhabisaditlhong a ntlha a magolo a Wikipedia, [[:en:Seigenthaler_incident|tiragalo ya ga Seigenthaler]], a diragetse ka ngwaga wa 2005 fa go ne go fitlhelwa gore motho yo o itsegeng thata o na le mokwalo wa botshelo jwa motho jo bo sentsweng jo bo neng bo sa lemogiwe dikgwedi di le dintsi. Morago ga matshwenyego ano le a mangwe,<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons|WP:BLP]] was started on 17 December 2005, with the narrative "I started this due to the Daniel Brandt situation". [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons&oldid=31753956 Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210609020908/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons&oldid=31753956 Archived] 9 June 2021 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]</ref> go ne ga tlhongwa diphetogo tsa ntlha tsa melawana le tsa tsamaiso tse di neng di diretswe ka tlhamalalo go lwantsha mofuta ono wa kgokgontsho. Tse di ne di akaretsa ntšhwafatso e ntšhwa ya molawana wa tshiamelo ya [[m:CheckUser policy|Checkuser]] go thusa mo dipatlisisong tsa [[:en:Sockpuppet_(Internet)|dipopae tsa dikausu]], karolo e ntšhwa e e bidiwang tshireletso ye seng botlalo, molawan o o gagametseng thata wa dibuka tsa botshelo jwa batho ba ba tshelang, le go tshwaya dipego tse di ntseng jalo gore di sekasekwe ka tsela e e gagametseng. Thibelo ya go tlhama dipego tse dišwa go badirisi ba ba kwadisitsweng e ne ya tsenngwa tirisong fela ka kgwedi ya Sedimontholeka ngwaga wa 2005 mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane.<ref>Terdiman, Daniel. "[https://www.cnet.com/culture/growing-pains-for-wikipedia/ Growing pains for Wikipedia"]. CNET. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055529/https://www.cnet.com/culture/growing-pains-for-wikipedia/ Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Wikimania ya ngwaga wa 2005, e leng bokopano jwa ntlha jwa [[:en:Wikimania|Wikimania]], e ne ya tshwarwa go tloga ka letsatsi la bone go fitlha ka letsatsi la borobabobedi ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2005 kwa ''Haus der Jugend'' kwa [[:en:Frankfurt|Frankfurt]], mme ya ngoka batho ba ka nna makgolo a le mararo le masome a borobabobedi ba ba neng ba le teng. ==== Ngwaga wa 2006 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikimania - the Wikimentary.webm|thumb|Wikimania – Tokomane ya Wikimania, filimi e e buang ka Wikimania ngwaga wa 2005, e e nang le [[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Jimmy Wales]] le [[:en:Ward_Cunningham|Ward Cunningham]]]] Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona pego ya yone ya bo ikadike, [[:en:Jordanhill_railway_station|seteišene sa terena sa Jordanhill]], ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo a tlhola letsatsi ,ka ngwaga wa 2006.<ref>Simon, Matt (March 1, 2012). [https://www.wired.com/2012/03/march-1-2006-english-wikipedias-millionth-entry-pulls-into-the-station/https://www.wired.com/2012/03/march-1-2006-english-wikipedias-millionth-entry-pulls-into-the-station/ "March 1, 2006: English Wikipedia's Millionth Entry Pulls Into the Station]". [[:en:Wired_(magazine)|Wired]]. Retrieved April 1, 2024.</ref><ref>Lemon, Sumner (March 2, 2006)[https://www.computerworld.com/article/2563140/millionth-english-article-posted-on-wikipedia.html . "Millionth English article posted on Wikipedia"]. [[:en:Computerworld|''Computerworld'']]. Retrieved April 1, 2024.</ref> Tlhopho ya ntlha ya pego ya Wikipedia e e amogetsweng e ne ya dirwa gore e kgone go laisololwa mahala, mme "Wikipedia" e ne ya kwadisiwa jaaka letshwaokgwebo la Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia. [[:en:United_States_congressional_staff_edits_to_Wikipedia|Matlhabisa ditlhong a]] [[:en:United_States_congressional_staff_edits_to_Wikipedia|mokwalo wa botshelo jwa motho ya bathusi ba phutego]]– ditiragalo tse dintsi tse mo go tsona badiri ba phutego le motsamaisi wa letsholo ba neng ba tshwarwa ba leka go fetola botshelo jwa motho ya Wikipedia ka ha sephiring – a ne a lemogiwa ke setšhaba, mme se sa dira gore motsamaisi wa letsholo a tlogele tiro. Le fa go ntse jalo, Wikipedia e ne ya tsewa e le nngwe ya matshwaokgwebo a matlhano a a kwa godimo a lefatshe ka bophara a ngwaga wa 2006.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070321033410/http://www.brandchannel.com/start1.asp?fa_id=352 "brandchannel.com | branding news]". March 21, 2007. Archived from [http://www.brandchannel.com/start1.asp?fa_id=352 the original] on March 21, 2007. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Jimmy Wales o ne a supa kwa [[:en:Wikimania_2006|Wikimania]] [[:en:Wikimania_2006|wa ngwaga wa 2006]] gore Wikipedia e fitlheletse bogolo jo bo lekaneng mme a kopa gore go gatelelwa boleng, gongwe se se tlhagisitsweng sentle mo pitsong ya [[:en:Wikipedia:100,000_feature-quality_articles|dipego di le dikete tse lekgolo tsa boleng jwa dikarolo]]. Go ne ga tlhamiwa tshiamelo e ntšhwa, "botlhokomedi", e e letlang mefuta e e rileng ya ditsebe tse di bolokilweng tse di nang le diteng tse di sa amogelesegeng go tshwaiwa jaaka tse di sa bonweng. Tshireletso e e seng kalo kgatlhanong le tshenyo e e sa itsiweng, e e neng ya tlhagisiwa ka ngwaga wa 2005, e ne ya itshupa e ratwa thata go feta ka fa go neng go solofetswe ka teng, ka ditsebe di feta dikete tse di neng tsa sirelediwa ka bontlhabongwe ka nako epe fela ka ngwaga wa 2006. ==== Ngwaga wa 2007 ==== Wikipedia e ne ya tswelela go gola ka bonako ka ngwaga wa 2007, e na le diakhaonto tsa barulaganyi tse di kwadisitsweng di feta didikadike di le tlhano ka kgwedi ya Phatwe a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro.<ref>See the special page: [[:en:Special:Statistics|Special:Statistics]]: 5,078,036 registered user accounts as of 13 August 2007, excluding anonymous editors who have not created accounts.</ref> Dikgatiso tsa dipuo di le makgolo a mabedi le botlhano tsa Wikipedia di ne di na le palogotlhe e e kopantsweng ya dipego di le didikadike di le supa ntlha tlhano e leng palogotlhe ya mafoko a le didikadike di le bongwe ntlha supa le bone, ka kgwedi ya Phatwe a tlhola a malatsi a le lesome le boraro .<ref>Source: [[:en:Wikipedia:Size_comparisons|Wikipedia:Size comparisons]] as of 13 August 2007</ref> Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona dipego ka selekanyo se se tlhomameng sa di le sekete se le sengwe le makgolo a supa ka letsatsi,<ref>From around Q3 2006 Wikipedia's growth rate has been approximately linear, source: [[:en:Wikipedia:Statistics|Wikipedia:Statistics]] – new article count by month 2006–2007.</ref> ka leina la kgolagano ya karolo la wikipedia.org le le mo maemong a bo lesome a a naleng ditiro tse dintsi mo lefatsheng. Wikipedia e ne ya tswelela go bonala [[:en:Category:Wikipedia_publicity|mo bobegakgannyeng]] – [[:en:Essjay_controversy|kganetsano ya ga Essjay]] e ne ya runya fa leloko le le tlhageletseng la Wikipedia le ne le fitlhelwa le buile maaka ka dintlha tsa gagwe tsa boitshupo. [[:en:Citizendium|Citizendium]], e leng ensaetlopedia e e gaisanang ya mo maranyaneng, e ne ya thankgololwa phatlalatsa. Tlwaelo e ntšhwa e ne ya tlhagelela mo Wikipedia, ka ensaetlopedia e e neng e bua le batho ba go itsege ga bone go neng go tswa mo go nneng motsayakarolo mo kgannyeng ya dikgang ka go oketsa kaelo go tswa mo leineng la bone go ya kwa kgannyeng e kgolo, go na le go tlhama pego e e tlhaolegileng ya mokwalo wa botshelo jwa motho.[<ref>e.g., cases such as [[:en:Crystal_Mangum|Crystal Mangum]] and Daniel Brandt.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2007, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona pego ya yone ya didikadike di le pedi, [[:en:El_Hormiguero|''El Hormiguero'']].<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20170708005830/https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Press_releases/Wikipedia_Reaches_2_Million_Articles English Wikipedia Reaches 2 Million Articles"]. [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]]. September 9, 2007. Archived from [[foundationsite:wiki/Press_releases/Wikipedia_Reaches_2_Million_Articles|the original]] on July 8, 2017. Retrieved June 3, 2012.</ref> Go ne ga nna le kganetsano nngwe kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2007 fa [[:en:Volapük_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Volapük]] e ne e tlola go tswa ko dipegong di le makgolo a supa, masome a borobabongwe le bosupa go ya go feta dikete tse lekgolo le bongwe le dikete tse pedi, ka bokhutshwane ya nna kgatiso ya bo lesome le botlhano e kgolo go gaisa tsotlhe ya Wikipedia, ka ntlha ya go tlhamiwa ga ditlhogo tse di itirisang ke motlhoafaledi wa puo e e agilweng ya [[:en:Volapük|Volapük]]<ref>"[http://www.pcworld.pl/artykuly/56502/MySpace.kontra.Facebook.html#t_34252 Ciekawe wydarzenia w Internecie]". PC World (Polish) (in Polish). December 1, 2007. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131106024950/http://www.pcworld.pl/artykuly/56502/MySpace.kontra.Facebook.html#t_34252 Archived] from the original on November 6, 2013. Retrieved April 26, 2013.</ref><ref>Yves Nevelsteen (September 15, 2007). [http://www.liberafolio.org/2007/volapukapedio "Volapuko jam superas Esperanton en Vikipedio"]. Libera Folio (in Esperanto). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130329091247/http://www.liberafolio.org/2007/volapukapedio Archived] from the original on March 29, 2013. Retrieved April 26, 2013.</ref>. Go ya ka [[:en:MIT_Technology_Review|''MIT Technology Review,'']] palo ya barulaganyi ba ba tlhagafetseng ka bontsi jwa dinako mo Wikipedia ya puo ya Seesemane e ne ya fitlha kwa setlhoeng ka ngwaga wa 2007 go feta dikete tse masome a matlhano le bongwe, mme fa e sa le ka nako eo e ntse e fokotsega.<ref>Simonite, Tom (October 22, 2013). "[https://www.technologyreview.com/2013/10/22/175674/the-decline-of-wikipedia/ The Decline of Wikipedia]". [[:en:MIT_Technology_Review|MIT Technology Review]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220731083716/https://www.technologyreview.com/2013/10/22/175674/the-decline-of-wikipedia/ Archived] from the original on July 31, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2020.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang kangwaga wa 2007, go ne ga gatisiwa tokololo ya tlhopho ya pego ya Wikipedia ya Mofuta wa 0.5.<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 Wikipedia:Version 1.0 Editorial Team]", Wikipedia, June 12, 2022, [https://web.archive.org/web/20220707222542/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 archived] from the original on July 7, 2022, retrieved June 25, 2022</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2008 ==== [[:en:WikiProject|Mananeo a Wiki]] a a farologaneng mo mafelong a le mantsi a ne a tswelela go atolosa le go tokafatsa diteng tsa pego mo teng ga bogolo jwa tsone. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2008, go ne ga tlhamiwa pego ya Wikipedia ya didikadike di le lesome, mme kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya feta dipego di le didikadike di le dikete tse pedi le botlhano. ==== Ngwaga wa 2009 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2009 ka oura ya masome a mabedi le bobedi le metsotso e le lesome le botlhano mo nakong ya UTC, morago [[:en:Death_of_Michael_Jackson|ga loso lwa ga Michael Jackson]], lefelo la tshedimosetso le ne la phutlhama ka nakwana. [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] o begile gore go ne ga nna le baeng ba ba ka nnang didikadike ba ba neng ba le kwa mokwalong wa botshelo jwa ga Jackson mo lobakeng lwa oura e le nngwe, gongwe e le baeng ba bantsi mo lobakeng lwa oura e le nngwe ba ba neng ba le kwa pegong epe fela mo ditsong tsa Wikipedia. Kwa bokhutlong jwa kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2009, palo ya dipego mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia e ne e fetile didikadike di le lesome le bone .<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140305100104/https://stats.wikimedia.org/EN/TablesArticlesTotal.htm Wikipedia Statistics, Article count (official)]". Wikimedia.org. Archived from [[stats:EN/TablesArticlesTotal.htm|the original]] on March 5, 2014.</ref> Setlhogo sa didikadike di le tharo mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane, [[:en:Beate_Eriksen|Beate Eriksen]], se tlhamilwe ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2009 ka nako ya oura ya bone le metsotso e le metlhano, go ya ka Nako ya Lefatshelotlhe e e Rulagantsweng (UTC).<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2009-08-17/News_and_notes&oldid=309138115 Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2009-08-17/News and notes"], Wikipedia, August 20, 2009, [https://web.archive.org/web/20210609111443/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2009-08-17/News_and_notes&oldid=309138115 archived] from the original on June 9, 2021, retrieved March 16, 2023</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2009, Wikipedia ya Sejeremane e ne ya feta dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe, mme ya nna kgatiso ya bobedi morago ga Wikipedia ya Seesemane go dira jalo. Setlhogo sa [[:en:Time_(magazine)|''TIME'']] se ne sa kwala Wikipedia mo gare ga mafelo a tshedimosetso a a gaisang tsa ngwaga wa 2009.<ref>"[http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1918031_1918016_1917948,00.html Wikipedia – 50 Best Websites 2009]" [https://web.archive.org/web/20111202174857/http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1918031_1918016_1917948,00.html Archived] 2 December 2011 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. TIME. 24 August 2009. Retrieved 24 November 2011.</ref> Diteng tsa Wikipedia di ne tsa fiwa tetla ka fa tlase ga tetla ya [[:en:Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike|Creative Commons ya go Abelana]] ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref>"[[m:Licensing_update/Timeline|Licensing update/Timeline – Meta".]] meta.wikimedia.org. October 30, 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220817062932/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Licensing_update/Timeline Archived] from the original on August 17, 2022. Retrieved August 29, 2022.</ref> === Ngwagasome wa bobedi: ngwaga wa 2010 go ya kwa ngwageng wa 2019 === ==== Ngwaga wa 2010 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a masome a mabedi le bone, ditsamaiso tse di bolokang ditshedimosetso tsa Wikipedia tsa karolo kgolo ya lefatshe e e naleng mafatshe ya Europe di ne tsa tswa mo maranyaneng ka ntlha ya bothata jwa go gotela thata. [[:en:Failover|Go palelwa]] ke ditsamaiso tsa poloko ya tshedimosetso kwa Florida go ne ga itshupa go robegile, ga dira gore tharabololo ya [[:en:Domain_Name_System|DNS]] ya Wikipedia e palelwe go ralala lefatshe. Bothata bo ne jwa rarabololwa ka bonako, mme ka ntlha ya ditlamorago tsa go boloka DNS, mafelo mangwe a ne a le bonya go kgona go bona Wikipedia gape go feta a mangwe.<ref>Bergsma, Mark (March 24, 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20100327123357/http://techblog.wikimedia.org/2010/03/global-outage-cooling-failure-and-dns/ "Global Outage (cooling failure and DNS)"]. Wikimedia Technical Blog. Archived from [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2010/03/global-outage-cooling-failure-and-dns/ the original] on March 27, 2010. Retrieved March 30, 2010.</ref><ref>Perez, Juan Carlos (March 25, 2010). [https://www.pcworld.com/article/192410/wikipedia_suffers_global_collapse.html "Wikipedia Suffers Global Collapse"]. PC World. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100329132858/http://www.pcworld.com/article/192410/wikipedia_suffers_global_collapse.html Archived] from the original on March 29, 2010. Retrieved March 30, 2010.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganonga tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro, lefelo la tshedimosetso le ne la golola sebopego se sesha sa yone. Dikarolo tse disha di ne di akaretsa letshwao le le ntšha, didirisiwa tse di ntšha tsa go tsamaya mo lefelong la tshedimosetso le, le sedirisiwa sa go thusa go tlhama dikgokagano<ref name=":17">"[https://web.archive.org/web/20100822062045/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special%3AUsabilityInitiativePrefSwitch New features]". [[:en:Wikipedia|Wikipedia]]. Archived from [[:en:Special:UsabilityInitiativePrefSwitch|the original]] on August 22, 2010. Retrieved September 6, 2010.</ref>. Le fa go ntse jalo, sebopego sa bogologolo se ne sa tswelela se le teng gore se dirisiwe ke ba ba neng ba batla go tswelela ba se dirisa. Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bobedi, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya feta palo ya ditlhogo di le didikadike di le dikete tse tharo le botlhano fa setlhogo sa sedikadike sa ntlha sa Wikipedia ya Sefora se ne sa tlhamiwa ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bongwe. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro, go ne ga dirwa tokafatso ya sedikadike ya ntlha mo mananeong otlhe a Wikimedia. Mo tshimologong ya ngwaga wa 2010, go ne ga gatisiwa kgatiso ya Wikipedia Version 0.7, e e neng e na le tlhopho ya dipego.<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 Wikipedia:Version 1.0 Editorial Team"], Wikipedia, June 12, 2022, [https://web.archive.org/web/20220707222542/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 archived] from the original on July 7, 2022, retrieved June 25, 2022</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2011 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Armwikicake.png|thumb|Nngwe ya [[c:Wikipedia 10 Photo gallery#Wikipedia_10_Cakes|dikuku di le mmalwa]] tse di dirilweng go keteka ngwaga wa bo lesome wa Wikipedia ka ngwaga wa 2011<ref>[[tenwiki:Main_Page|"Wikipedia 10"]]. Ten.wikipedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131231212611/http://ten.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page Archived] from the original on December 31, 2013. Retrieved February 26, 2014.</ref>]] Wikipedia le badirisi ba yone ba ne ba tshwara meletlo e le mentsi lefatshe ka bophara go gopola [[:en:Wikipedia:10_years_of_Wikipedia|ngwaga wa bo]] [[:en:Wikipedia:10_years_of_Wikipedia|lesome]] wa lefelo leo ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano.<ref>Wikipedia celebrates a decade of edit wars, controversy, and Internet dominance [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2011/011111-wikipedia-decade.html?hpg1=bn networkworld.com] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120315204326/http://www.networkworld.com/news/2011/011111-wikipedia-decade.html?hpg1=bn Archived] 15 March 2012 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]</ref> Lefelo leo le ne la simolola maiteko a go atolosa kgolo ya lone kwa India, mme la tshwara bokopano jwa lone jwa ntlha jwa India kwa Mumbai ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2011.<ref>Vaidyanathan, Rajini (November 19, 2011). [https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-15803308 "Wikipedia hosts India conference amid expansion push"]. BBC News. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055525/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-15803308 Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN1116765620110112 "Wikipedia, 10 years old, targets India]". Reuters. January 12, 2011. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110114211053/http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN1116765620110112 Archived] from the original on January 14, 2011. Retrieved January 13, 2011.</ref> [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] e fetile letshwao la dipego di le didikadike di le dikete tse tharo le botlhano ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a mabedi, mme ya fitlha go dipego di le didikadike di le dikete tse tharo le borobabobedi ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola malatsia le lesome le borobabobedi. Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola malatsia le supa ka ngwaga wa 2011, [[:en:German_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejeremane]] e ne ya feta diphetogo tsa ditsebe di le didikadike di le lekgolo, mme ya nna kgatiso ya bobedi ya puo go dira jalo morago ga kgatiso ya Seesemane, e e neng ya fitlhelela diphetogo tsa ditsebe di le didikadike di le makgolo a matlhano ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola malatsi a le masome le bobedile bone ka ngwaga wa 2011. [[:en:Dutch_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sedatšhe]] e ne ya feta dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le lesomele bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2011 e nna kgatiso ya bone go dira jalo. Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo a tlhola malatsi a le mararo ka ngwaga wa 2011, go ne ga gatisiwa kgololo ya tlhopho ya pego ya Wikipedia ya Mofuta wa 0.8.<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_0.8&oldid=998970578 Wikipedia:Version 0.8"], Wikipedia, January 7, 2021, [https://web.archive.org/web/20220705013507/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_0.8&oldid=998970578 archived] from the original on July 5, 2022, retrieved June 25, 2022</ref> Setempe sa "Wikimania 2011 – Haifa, Iseraele" se ne sa ntshiwa ke Israel Post ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola malatsi a le mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2011. Se e ne e le setempe sa ntlha se se neng se neetswe lenaneo le le amanang le Wikimedia. Magareng ga malatsi a mane le borataro a kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2011, [[:en:Italian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Italy]] e ne ya nna e e sa fitlhelegeng ka bomo go ipelaetsa kgatlhanong le molao o o tshitshintsweng wa [[:en:Italian_Parliament|Palamente ya Italy]] wa [[:en:DDL_intercettazioni|DDL intercettazioni]], o, fa o ka amogelwa, o neng o tla letla motho ope fela go pateletsa mafelo a tshedimosetso go ntsha tshedimosetso e e tsewang e le e e seng boammaaruri kgotsa e e kgopisang, kwantle ga go ntsha bosupi.<ref>[https://www.pcmag.com/archive/italian-wikipedia-hidden-to-protest-wiretap-law-288689 "Italian Wikipedia Hidden To Protest WireTap Law"]. PC Magazine. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055529/https://www.pcmag.com/archive/italian-wikipedia-hidden-to-protest-wiretap-law-288689 Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Gape ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2011, Wikimedia e ne ya itsise go simololwa ga [[:en:Wikipedia_Zero|Wikipedia Zero]], e leng letsholo la go kgontsha phitlhelelo ya mahala ya megala ya mosokela tsebeng mo Wikipedia mo ditshebang tse di tlhabologang ka tirisanommogo le badirisi ba megala ya mosokela tsebeng.<ref>Kapoor, Amit (October 26, 2011). [https://blog.wikimedia.org/2011/10/26/wikipedia-seeks-global-operator-partners-to-enable-free-access/ "Wikipedia seeks global operator partners to enable free access]". Wikimedia blog. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150717070411/http://blog.wikimedia.org/2011/10/26/wikipedia-seeks-global-operator-partners-to-enable-free-access/ Archived] from the original on July 17, 2015.</ref><ref>"[[mw:Wikipedia_Zero|Wikipedia Zero]]". MediaWiki. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120529101704/http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikipedia_Zero Archived] from the original on May 29, 2012. Retrieved May 27, 2012.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2012 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikimedia Foundation Wikipedia Blackout SOPA January 18, 2012.theora.ogv|thumb|Babereki ba kwa [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlhong wa Wikimedia]] ka nako ya fa go ne go kgaoga emisiwa tirelo ya lefelo la tshedimosetso mo SOPA]] Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlholamalatsi a le lesome le borataro, motlhami-mmogo wa Wikipedia [[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Jimmy Wales]] o ne a itsise gore Wikipedia ya Seesemane e tla [[:en:2012_Wikipedia_blackout|tswallwa ruri]] dioura di le masome a mabedi le bone ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e le lesome le borobabobedi jaaka karolo ya boipelaetso jo bo neng bo ikaeletse go bitsa tlhokomelo ya setšhaba mo Molaong o o tshitshintsweng wa go [[:en:Stop_Online_Piracy_Act|Emisa Borukhutlhi jwa Inthanete]] le [[:en:PROTECT_IP_Act|Molao wa PROTECT IP]] , e leng melao e mebedi e e [[:en:Copyright_infringement|kgatlhanong le borukhutlhi jwa dithoto tsa bakwadi]] jwa [[:en:United_States_Congress|puthego ya United States]] ka fa tlase ga ngangisano. Ba ne ba bitsa kemiso ya tirelo ye ya lefelo la tshedimosetso "tshwetso ya baagi", Wales le baganetsi ba bangwe ba melao ba ne ba dumela gore e tla tsenya puo e e gololesegileng le boitshimololedi jwa mo inthaneteng mo kotsing.<ref>Ortenzi, T. J. (January 17, 2012). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/blogpost/post/wikipedia-blackout-coming-jan-18-says-co-founder-jimmy-wales/2012/01/16/gIQAh2Ke3P_blog.html "Wikipedia blackout coming Wednesday, says co-founder Jimmy Wales"]. The Washington Post. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160306052240/https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/blogpost/post/wikipedia-blackout-coming-jan-18-says-co-founder-jimmy-wales/2012/01/16/gIQAh2Ke3P_blog.html Archived] from the original on March 6, 2016. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Go emisa tirelo ga nakwana mo go tshwanang le mo go ne ga dirwa ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome ke [[:en:Russian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Russia,]] go ipelaetsa kgatlhanong le molao o o tshitshintsweng wa taolo ya inthanete ya Russia.<ref>[https://www.express.co.uk/news/world/332016/Russian-Wikipedia-shuts-in-protest "Russian Wikipedia shuts in protest]". UKPA via Google. July 10, 2012.</ref> Mo bokhutlong jwa kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2012, [[m:Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]] e ne ya itsise ka [[:en:Wikidata|Wikidata]], e leng boalo jwa lefatshe lotlhe jwa go abelana tshedimosetso fa gare ga dikgatiso tsotlhe tsa dipuo tsa Wikipedia.<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/wikipedia/posts/158388724283345 "Wikidata announcement on Facebook]". Wikimedia Deutschland. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160101031943/https://www.facebook.com/wikipedia/posts/158388724283345 Archived] from the original on January 1, 2016. Retrieved October 28, 2015.</ref><ref>Chalabi, Mona (April 26, 2013). "[https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2013/apr/26/wikidata-launch Welcome to Wikidata! Now what?]". [https://web.archive.org/web/20211002152920/https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2013/apr/26/wikidata-launch Archived] from the original on October 2, 2021. Retrieved October 2, 2021.</ref> Lenaneo la Wikidata la didolara di le didikadike di le sekete le bosupa tsa Amerika e ne e tlamelwa ke Google, [[:en:Gordon_and_Betty_Moore_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Gordon le Betty Moore]], le Setheo sa Allen sa Botlhale jwa Maitirelo<ref>Terdiman, Daniel. [https://www.cnet.com/culture/wikidata-to-provide-structured-data-for-all-wikipedia-versions/ "Wikidata to provide structured data for all Wikipedia versions"]. CNET. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055527/https://www.cnet.com/culture/wikidata-to-provide-structured-data-for-all-wikipedia-versions/ Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Wikimedia Deutschland e ne ya tsaya maikarabelo a kgato ya ntlha ya Wikidata, mme kwa tshimologong e ne e rulagantse go dira gore boalo bo nne teng mo barulaganying ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2012. Kgato ya ntlha ya Wikidata e ne ya simolola go dira ka botlalo ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2013.<ref>Perez, Sarah (March 30, 2012). [https://techcrunch.com/2012/03/30/wikipedias-next-big-thing-wikidata-a-machine-readable-user-editable-database-funded-by-google-paul-allen-and-others/ "Wikipedia's Next Big Thing: Wikidata, A Machine-Readable, User-Editable Database Funded By Google, Paul Allen And Others]". TechCrunch. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120817042610/http://techcrunch.com/2012/03/30/wikipedias-next-big-thing-wikidata-a-machine-readable-user-editable-database-funded-by-google-paul-allen-and-others/ Archived] from the original on August 17, 2012.</ref><ref name=":13">Pintscher, Lydia (February 13, 2013). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130219054033/http://blog.wikimedia.de/2013/02/13/wikidata-live-on-the-english-wikipedia/ "Wikidata live on the English Wikipedia]". Wikimedia Deutschland. Archived from [[the original]] on February 19, 2013. Retrieved February 15, 2013.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Justin Anthony Knapp (cropped).jpg|thumb|Justin Knapp]] Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2012, [[:en:Justin_Knapp|Justin Knapp]] o ne a nna mokwadi wa ntlha a le mongwe go dira diphetogo tse di fetang sedikadike se le sengwe mo Wikipedia.<ref>Titcomb, James (April 20, 2012). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/wikipedia/9215151/First-man-to-make-1-million-Wikipedia-edits.html "First man to make 1 million Wikipedia edits".] The Daily Telegraph. [https://web.archive.org/web/20151119233646/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/wikipedia/9215151/First-man-to-make-1-million-Wikipedia-edits.html Archived] from the original on November 19, 2015. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>Skelton, Alissa (April 24, 2012). [https://mashable.com/archive/wikipedia-volunteer-editor "Wikipedia Volunteer Editor Reaches 1 Million Edits"]. Mashable. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055529/https://mashable.com/archive/wikipedia-volunteer-editor Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Jimmy Wales o ne a akgola Knapp ka tiro ya gagwe mme a mo fa sekgele sa lefelo la tshedimosetso e le sa ''Barnstar'' ''e e'' ''Kgethegileng s'' le kabelo ya ''Golden Wiki'' ka ntlha ya phitlhelelo ya gagwe.<ref>"[https://www.engadget.com/2012/04/20/one-million-wikipedia-edits/ Hardest working man on the internet passes one million Wikipedia edits".] Engadget. April 20, 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120820003926/http://www.engadget.com/2012/04/20/one-million-wikipedia-edits Archived] from the original on August 20, 2012. Retrieved September 3, 2012.</ref> Wales gape e ne ya bolela gore kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi e tla nna "Letsatsi la ga Justin Knapp".<ref>Skelton, Alissa (April 23, 2012). [http://mashable.com/2012/04/23/wikipedia-volunteer-editor/ "Wikipedia Volunteer Editor Reaches 1 Million Edits"]. Mashable. [https://web.archive.org/web/20151119235227/http://mashable.com/2012/04/23/wikipedia-volunteer-editor/ Archived] from the original on November 19, 2015. Retrieved October 24, 2012.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2012, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona dipego tsa yone tsa didikadike di le nne, [[:en:Ezbet_El_Borg|Izbat al-Burj]].<ref>[http://blog.wikimedia.org.uk/2012/07/english-language-wikipedia-hits-4-million-articles/ "English language Wikipedia hits 4 million articles]!". [[:en:Wikimedia_UK|Wikimedia UK]] Blog. Wikimedia UK. July 13, 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121222030833/http://blog.wikimedia.org.uk/2012/07/english-language-wikipedia-hits-4-million-articles/ Archived] from the original on December 22, 2012. Retrieved July 13, 2012.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2012, raditso le morulaganyi wa Wikipedia [[:en:Richard_J._Jensen|Richard J. Jensen]] o ne a ntsha mogopolo wa gore Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne e "gaufi le go wediwa", a tlhokomela gore palo ya barulaganyi ba ba dirang ka dinako tsotlhe e ne e wetse tlase thata fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 2007, le fa Wikipedia e ne e gola ka bonako mo palong ya dipego le mo babading.<ref>Rosen, Rebecca J. (October 25, 2012). [https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/10/surmounting-the-insurmountable-wikipedia-is-nearing-completion-in-a-sense/264111/ "Surmounting the Insurmountable: Wikipedia Is Nearing Completion, in a Sense]". The Atlantic. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121028064456/http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/10/surmounting-the-insurmountable-wikipedia-is-nearing-completion-in-a-sense/264111/ Archived] from the original on October 28, 2012. Retrieved October 27, 2012.</ref> Go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Inthanete ya Alexa]], Wikipedia e ne e le lefelo la tshedimosetso la borataro le le tumileng thata mo lefatsheng go tloga ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2012.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org "Amazon Alexa]". alexa.com. Archived from [https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org the original] on August 25, 2020. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> [[:en:AllThingsD|Dow Jones]] e ne ya baya Wikipedia mo maemong a botlhano lefatshe ka bophara go tloga ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2012.<ref>[http://allthingsd.com/20121220/the-fifth-biggest-site-in-the-world-operated-on-a-budget-of-27m-last-year "The Fifth-Biggest Site in the World Operated on a Budget of $27M Last Year"]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131206225138/http://allthingsd.com/20121220/the-fifth-biggest-site-in-the-world-operated-on-a-budget-of-27m-last-year/ Archived] from the original on December 6, 2013. Retrieved December 3, 2013., by Liz Gannes; AllThingsD became a subsidiary of Dow Jones & Company Inc in 2005 and was absorbed into [[:en:The_Wall_Street_Journal|WSJ.com]] during 2013.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2013 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:Italian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya SeItaly]] e ne ya nna kgatiso ya botlhano ya puo ya Wikipedia go feta dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe, fa Wikipedia ya [[:en:Russian_Wikipedia|Se-Russia]] le ya [[:en:Spanish_Wikipedia|Sespanishe]] e ne ya oketsega ka dipego tsa tsone tsa sedikadike ka malatsi a le lesome le bongwe le lesome le borataro a kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka go latelana. Ka letsatsi la lesome le botlhano la kgwedi ya Phukwi di-Wikipedia tsa [[:en:Polish_Wikipedia|Se-Sweden]] le ka Lwetse a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bone tsa [[:en:Polish_Wikipedia|Se-Poland]] di ne tsa bona dipego tsa tsone tsa didikadike, mme tsa nna dikgatiso tsa borobabobedi le tsa borobongwe tsa Wikipedia go dira jalo. Ka letsatsi la masome a mabedi le bosaupa la kgwedi ya Ferikgong, [[:en:Main_belt_asteroid|asteroid ya konokono ya lebanta]] [[:en:274301_Wikipedia|274301]] e ne ya bidiwa semmuso "Wikipedia" ke [[:en:Committee_for_Small_Body_Nomenclature#Minor_planets|Komiti ya Maina a Mmele o Mennye]].<ref>Workman, Robert (February 5, 2013). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130206105134/http://www.technewsdaily.com/16749-asteroid-named-wikipedia.html "Asteroid Re-Named 'Wikipedia'"]. [[:en:TechMediaNetwork,_Inc.|TechNewsDaily]]. Archived from [http://www.technewsdaily.com/16749-asteroid-named-wikipedia.html the original] on February 6, 2013. Retrieved February 7, 2013.</ref> Kgato ya ntlha ya polokelo ya tshedimosetso ya [[:en:Wikidata|Wikidata]], e e neng e tlamela ka dikgokagano tsa dipuo tse di farologaneng le tshedimosetso e nngwe ka go itirisa, e ne ya nna teng mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2013.<ref name=":13" /> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:Direction_centrale_du_renseignement_intérieur|tirelo ya sephiri ya Fora]] e ne ya bonwa molato ka go leka go tlhotlhomisa Wikipedia ka go tshosetsa moithaopi wa Wikipedia ka go tshwarwa ntle le fa "tshedimosetso ya sephiri" ka ga [[:en:Pierre-sur-Haute_military_radio_station|seteišene sa radio sa sesole]] e ka phimolwa.<ref>Willsher, Kim (April 7, 2013). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/apr/07/french-secret-service-wikipedia-page "French secret service accused of censorship over Wikipedia page"]. The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20130930145033/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/apr/07/french-secret-service-wikipedia-page Archived] from the original on September 30, 2013. Retrieved April 9, 2013.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Wikimania 2013 - VisualEditor - The present and future of editing our wikis.webm|thumb|Pontsho ka ga [[:en:VisualEditor|Motseleganyi wa Ditshwantsho]] wa Wikipedia]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi, go ne ga simololwa thulaganyo ya go fetola ya [[:en:VisualEditor|VisualEditor]], e e neng ya bopa kgato ya ntlha ya maiteko a go letla gore dipego di fetotswe ka segokaganyi se se tshwanang le sa [[:en:Word_processor|setlhagisa mafoko]] go na le go dirisa [[:en:Wiki_markup|tshwao ya wiki]].<ref name=":18">Arthur, Charles (July 2, 2013). [https://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2013/jul/02/rabbit-contact-lens "Boot up: wireless contact lens, Wikipedia's visual editing, Samsung's share slide and more"]. The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131104201314/http://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2013/jul/02/rabbit-contact-lens Archived] from the original on November 4, 2013. Retrieved July 2, 2013.</ref> Go ne ga simololwa gape le morulaganyi yo o diretsweng [[:en:Smartphone|megala ya letheka ya segompieno]] le didirisiwa tse dingwe tsa megala ya mosokela tsebeng.<ref name=":19">Gonera, Juliusz (July 25, 2013). "[[diffblog:2013/07/25/edit-wikipedia-on-the-go/|Edit Wikipedia on the go]]". Diff. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230325104612/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2013/07/25/edit-wikipedia-on-the-go/ Archived] from the original on March 25, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2014 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikipedia Edit 2014.webm|left|thumb|Tshekatsheko ya sesupa ditshwantso sa diteng tsa Wikipedia ka ngwaga wa 2014, e rotloetsa babogedi go tseleganya Wikipedia]] Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2014, lenaneo la go dira kgatiso e e gatisitsweng ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane, e e nang le bogolo bo le sekete le ditsebe di feta didikadike di le dingwe le dikete di le lekgolo, e ne ya simololwa ke batsayakarolo ba Wikipedia ya Sejeremane.<ref name=":10" /> Lenaneo le ne le batla matlole ka [[:en:Indiegogo|Indiegogo]], mme e ne e ikaeletse go tlotla meneelo ya barulaganyi ba Wikipedia.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/feb/20/wikipedia-1000-volume-print-edition-crowdfunding "Wikipedia 1,000-volume print edition planned"]. The Guardian. February 20, 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140311014332/http://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/feb/20/wikipedia-1000-volume-print-edition-crowdfunding Archived] from the original on March 11, 2014. Retrieved April 12, 2014.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2014, sefikantswe sa ntlha sa Wikipedia se ne sa bulwa kwa toropong ya Poland ya Slubice.<ref>Day, Matthew (October 10, 2014). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/poland/11153603/Polish-town-to-build-statue-honouring-Wikipedia.html "Polish town to build statue honouring Wikipedia"]. The Daily Telegraph. [https://web.archive.org/web/20141011191441/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/poland/11153603/Polish-town-to-build-statue-honouring-Wikipedia.html Archived] from the original on October 11, 2014. Retrieved October 11, 2014.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola letsatsi le le borobabobedi, lesome le botlhano ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo, le kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2014, [[:en:Waray_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Waray]], [[:en:Vietnamese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Vietnam]] le [[:en:Cebuano_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Cebuano]] nngwe le nngwe ya tsone e ne ya feta letshwao la pego e le sedikadike se le sengwe. E ne e le Wikipedia ya bolesome, ya bolesome le bongwe le ya bolesom le bobedi go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Le fa di ne di na le badirisi ba le mmalwa fela ba ba matlhagatlhaga, di-Wikipedia tsa puo ya Se-Waray le Se-Cebuano di ne di na le palo e e kwa godimo ya dipego tse di tlhamilweng ka go itirisa tse di tlhamilweng ke di roboto. ==== Ngwaga wa 2015 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikipedia 5 million articles milestone video November 2015.ogv|thumb|Ditshwantsho tse di tshikinyegang tse di tshwayang phitlhelelo ya Wikipedia ya Setswana ya dipego di le didikadike di le tlhano ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e le letsatsi ka ngwaga wa 2015]] Mo bogareng jwa ngwaga wa 2015, Wikipedia e ne e le lefelo la tshedimosetso ya bosupa e e tumileng thata mo lefatsheng go ya [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Maranyane a Alexa]] ,<ref name=":14">[http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org# "Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20171009035134/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on October 9, 2017. Retrieved October 9, 2017.</ref> e ne e le kwa tlase ka lefelo le le lengwe go tswa mo maemong a e neng e le mo go one ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2012. Kwa tshimologong ya ngwaga wa 2015, Wikipedia e ne ya nna ensaetlopedia e kgolo go gaisa tsotlhe ya kitsokakaretso mo inthaneteng, ka palogotlhe e e kopantsweng ya dipego tse di fetang didikadike di le masome a mararo le borataro tsa lefelo le legolo mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a borobabongwe le bongwe.<ref name=":12" /> Ka palogare, Wikipedia e amogela palogotlhe ya dipono tsa ditsebe tsa lefatshe lotlhe di le dibilione di le lesome go tswa mo baeting ba ba kgethegileng ba ka nna didikadike di le makgolo a mane le masome a borobabongwe le botlhano kgwedi le kgwedi,<ref name=":10" /><ref>[[stats:wikimedia/squids/SquidReportPageViewsPerCountryOverview.htm|"Wikimedia Statistics"]]. April 20, 2011. [https://web.archive.org/web/20111020212633/http://stats.wikimedia.org/wikimedia/squids/SquidReportPageViewsPerCountryOverview.htm Archived] from the original on October 20, 2011. Retrieved October 14, 2011.</ref> go akaretsa le baeng ba le didikadike di le masome a borobabobedi le botlhano go tswa kwa lefatsheng la United States fela,<ref name=":11" /> kwa e leng lefelo la borataro le le ratiwang thata.<ref name=":14" /> [[Setshwantsho:Print Wikipedia (no subtitles).webm|thumb|Motaki [[:en:Michael_Mandiberg|Michael Mandiberg]] o bua ka [[:en:Print_Wikipedia|Wikipedia e e Gatisitsweng]].]] [[:en:Print_Wikipedia|Gatisa Wikipedia]] e ne e le lenaneo la botaki le le dirilweng ke [[:en:Michael_Mandiberg|Michael Mandiberg]] le le neng la dira gore go nne le bokgoni jwa go gatisa bogolo jwa volume di le dikete tse supa ,makgolo a mane le masome a supa le boraro tsa Wikipedia jaaka e ne e le teng ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a supa ka ngwaga wa 2015. Bogolo jwa volume nngwe le nngwe e na le ditsebe di le makgolo a le supa mme ke di le lekgolo le lesome fela tse di gatisitsweng ke motaki.<ref>Schuessler, Jennifer (June 16, 2015). [https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/17/books/moving-wikipedia-from-computer-to-many-many-bookshelves.html "Moving Wikipedia From Computer to Many, Many Bookshelves"]. [[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20161202120645/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/17/books/moving-wikipedia-from-computer-to-many-many-bookshelves.html Archived] from the original on December 2, 2016. Retrieved December 24, 2016.</ref> Ka letsatsi le le lengwe la kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2015, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e fitlheletse dipego di le didikadike tse tlhano ka go tlhamiwa ga pego ka ga [[:en:Persoonia_terminalis|''Persoonia terminalis'']], mofuta wa setlhatshana. Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boraro, Wikipedia e ne ya amogela [[:en:Princess_of_Asturias_Awards|''Sekgele sa Kgosigatsana ya Asturias sa Tirisanommogo ya Boditšhabatšhaba.'']]<ref>"[https://elpais.com/tecnologia/2015/06/17/actualidad/1434535111_709353.html Wikipedia, Premio Princesa de Asturias de Cooperación]". El País (in Spanish). June 17, 2015. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1134-6582 1134-6582]. Retrieved February 4, 2026.</ref><ref>Poyo, Ana (October 22, 2015). [https://www.vogue.es/moda/news/articulos/agenda-premios-princesa-asturias-2015-ceremonia-entrega-reyes-felipe-letizia-mejores-looks-leonor-de-borbon/23909 "Los Premios Princesa de Asturias 2015 (al detalle)"]. ''Vogue España'' (in European Spanish). Retrieved February 4, 2026.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2016 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le le lesome le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2016, [[:en:Japanese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejapane]] e ne ya feta letshwao la dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe, mme ya nna Wikipedia ya bolesometharo go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Setlhogo sa sedidikadike se ne se le sa Wave 224, e leng sekepe sa ka fa tlase ga metsi sa [[:en:World_War_II|Ntwa ya Lefatshe ya bobedi]] sa Sesole sa Lewatle sa Bogosi jwa Japane. Mo bogareng jwa ngwaga wa 2016, Wikipedia e ne ya nna gape lefelo la tshedimosetso la borataro le le tumileng thata mo lefatsheng go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]],<ref>"[http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org# Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160706214359/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on July 6, 2016. Retrieved July 7, 2016.</ref> e tlhatlogile ka lefelo le le lengwe go tswa mo maemong a e neng e le mo go one mo ngwageng o o fetileng. ==== Ngwaga wa 2017 ==== Mo bogareng jwa ngwaga wa 2017, Wikipedia e ne ya kwalwa jaaka lefelo la tshedimosetso ya botlhano e e ratiwang thata mo lefatsheng go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]],<ref>"[http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org# Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170704011642/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on July 4, 2017. Retrieved July 4, 2017.</ref> e tlhatlogile lefelo le le lengwe go tswa mo maemong a e neng e le mo go one mo ngwageng o o fetileng. Wikipedia Zero e dirilwe gore e nne teng kwa Iraq le kwa Afganistan. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabongwe 2017, [[:en:Block_of_Wikipedia_in_Turkey|go fitlhelela Wikipedia mo maranayaneng go ne ga thibelwa mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo kwa Turkey]] ke balaodi ba Turkey. Go thibelwa mo go ne ga tswelela go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano,ka ngwaga wa 2020, ka gonne [[:en:Judicial_system_of_Turkey|kgotlatshekelo ya Turkey]] e ne ya atlhola gore thibelo e e tlola ditshwanelo tsa batho. [[:en:Japanese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejapane]] e e tsenngwang mokgwa wa tshireletso kwa China fa e sale ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole a tlhola malatsia le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2017.<ref>[https://en.greatfire.org/https/ja.wikipedia.org "ja.wikipedia.org]". ''[[:en:GreatFire|GreatFire]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180120065845/https://en.greatfire.org/https/ja.wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on January 20, 2018. Retrieved April 7, 2018.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2018 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2018, palo ya dipego tsa [[:en:Chinese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Setšhaena]] e ne ya feta sedikadike se le sengwe mme ya nna Wikipedia ya bolesome le bone go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Wikipedia ya Setšhaena e thibetswe kwa [[:en:Mainland_China|Nagengkgolo ya China]] fa e sale ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 2015.<ref>[https://www.theverge.com/2015/9/4/9260981/jimmy-wales-wikipedia-china "Wikipedia founder defends decision to encrypt the site in China".] September 4, 2015. Archived from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved April 17, 2018.</ref> Moragonyana mo ngwageng, ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borataro , [[:en:Portuguese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sepotokisi]] e ne ya feta letshwao la dipego di le sedikadike ose le sengwe, ya nna Wikipedia ya bolesome le botlhano go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Setlhogo sa sedikadike e ne e le [[:pt:Perdão de Richard Nixon|Perdão de Richard Nixon]] ([[:en:Pardon_of_Richard_Nixon|Tshwarelo ya ga Richard Nixon)]]. Ka ngwaga wa2018, Wikipedia e ne ya boloka lenaane la yone jaaka lefelo la tshedimosetso ya botlhano e e ratiwang thata mo lefatsheng go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Inthanete ya Alexa]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org "Wikipedia.org Traffic, Demographics and Competitors – Alexa"]. alexa.com. Archived from the original on August 25, 2020. Retrieved October 28, 2018.</ref> Ntlha nngwe e e tlhomologileng e ne e le tiriso ya [[:en:Artificial_Intelligence|Botlhale jwa Maitirelo]] go tlhama dipego tse di kwadilweng ka ditlhogo tse di neng di tlhokomologilwe.<ref>"[https://www.theverge.com/2018/8/8/17663544/ai-scientists-wikipedia-primer AI spots 40,000 prominent scientists overlooked by Wikipedia]". The Verge. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180809023533/https://www.theverge.com/2018/8/8/17663544/ai-scientists-wikipedia-primer Archived] from the original on August 9, 2018. Retrieved October 28, 2018.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2019 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola masome a mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2019, balaodi ba China ba ne ba atolosa Wikipedia go nna mefuta ya dipuo tsotlhe.<ref>Gandolfo, Ryan. "[http://www.thatsmags.com/beijing/post/27660/wikipedia-currently-down-in-china Wikipedia Currently Down in China"]. That's Beijing. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190424081614/http://www.thatsmags.com/beijing/post/27660/wikipedia-currently-down-in-china Archived] from the original on April 24, 2019. Retrieved April 24, 2019.</ref><ref>Sukhbir Singh; Arturo Filastò; Maria Xynou (May 4, 2019). [https://ooni.io/post/2019-china-wikipedia-blocking/ "China is now blocking all language editions of Wikipedia"]. Open Observatory of Network Interference. Retrieved May 7, 2019. The following chart, based on OONI data, illustrates that multiple language editions of Wikipedia have been blocked in China as of April 2019.{...}OONI measurements show that many of these Wikipedia domains were previously accessible, but all measurements collected from 25 April 2019 onwards present the same DNS anomalies for all Wikipedia sub-domains.{...}Based on these tests, we were able to conclude that China Telecom does in fact block all language editions of Wikipedia by means of both DNS injection and SNI filtering.</ref> Nako ya go thibela e ne ya tsamaisana le [[:en:30th_anniversary_of_the_1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests|ngwaga wa masome a mararo a segopotso]] wa [[:en:1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre|ditshupetso le polao ya batho ba le bantsi kwa Tiananmen Square ka ngwaga wa 1989]] le ngwaga wa bo lekgolo wa [[:en:May_Fourth_Movement|Mokgatlho wa Motsheganong wa Bone]], mme seo sa felela ka gore [[:en:Internet_censorship_in_China|inthanete e tlhotlhomisiwe thata kwa China.]]<ref>[https://www.news18.com/news/world/ahead-of-tiananmen-anniversary-chinese-government-blocks-wikipedia-2142621.html "Ahead of Tiananmen Anniversary, Chinese Government Blocks Wikipedia"]. News18. May 15, 2019. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190602223335/https://www.news18.com/news/world/ahead-of-tiananmen-anniversary-chinese-government-blocks-wikipedia-2142621.html Archived] from the original on June 2, 2019. Retrieved June 2, 2019.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2019, go ya ka Alexa.com, Wikipedia e ne ya wela tlase go tswa mo maemong a botlhano go ya kwa maemong a bosupa mo lefelong la tshedimosetso mo lefatsheng ka ntlha ya go dirisa inthanete mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org wikipedia.org Competitive Analysis, Marketing Mix and Traffic – Alexa"]. alexa.com. Archived from [https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org the original] on August 25, 2020. Retrieved February 10, 2018.</ref> Ka one ngwaga oo, kopololo ya Wikipedia e ne ya romelwa kwa Ngweding, e le karolo ya [[:en:Arch_Mission_Foundation|lefelo la go bala la Arch Lunar]]. Ka ntlha ya go palelwa, sefofane se se dirisang mollo go fofa se ne sa thula mo godimo ga Ngwedi, mme, ka ntlha ya tiriso ya di polokelo tse di kgethegileng, tse di kgonang go emelana le nickel, go dumelwa gore kopololo e ne ya falola go thula.<ref>Taylor, Chris (April 17, 2019). [https://mashable.com/article/moon-library-beresheet-crash-wikipedia "There may be a copy of Wikipedia somewhere on the moon. Here's how to help find it"]. Mashable. Retrieved March 30, 2026.</ref> === Ngwagasome wa boraro: 2020–gompieno === Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa 2020, setlhogo sa didikadike di le thataro, e leng lokwalo la botshelo lwa ga [[:en:Maria_Elise_Turner_Lauder|Maria Elise Turner Lauder,]] se ne sa tsenngwa mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane. Le fa go ne go na le kgolo e ya dipego, go dirisana ga Wikipedia mo inthaneteng ya lefatshe lotlhe, jaaka go lekanngwa ke Alexa, go ne ga tswelela go fokotsega. Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2020, Wikipedia e ne ya wela mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ya bolesome le bongwe mo lefatsheng ka ntlha ya go dirisa inthanete mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref name=":15">[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org "wikipedia.org Competitive Analysis, Marketing Mix and Traffic – Alexa"]. alexa.com. Archived from [https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org the original] on August 25, 2020. Retrieved February 10, 2018.</ref> Bobedi jwa go bega ga Wikipedia ga mathata a [[:en:COVID-19_pandemic|bolwetsi jo bo neng jwa amana lefatshe lotlhe la COVID-19]] le diphetogo tse di tshegetsang, dipuisano, le e leng go phimolwa go ne go akanngwa gore ke motswedi o o mosola go bo ra ditso ba isago ba ba batlang go tlhaloganya paka eo ka botlalo.<ref>Harrison, Stephen (May 27, 2020). [https://slate.com/technology/2020/05/wikipedia-coronavirus-information-future-historians.html "Future Historians Will Need Access to Coronavirus Misinformation]". Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200527165139/https://slate.com/technology/2020/05/wikipedia-coronavirus-information-future-historians.html Archived] from the original on May 27, 2020. Retrieved June 9, 2020.</ref> [[:en:World_Health_Organization|Mokgatlho wa Lefatshe wa Boitekanelo]] o dirisane mmogo le Wikipedia jaaka motswedi wa konokono wa go anamisa tshedimosetso e e amanang le COVID-19 jaaka go thusa go lwantshana go anama ga tshedimosetso e e fosegileng.<ref>Matt, Chase (January 9, 2021). [https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higherhttps://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher "Wikipedia is 20, and its reputation has never been highe]r". [[:en:The_Economist|The Economist]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221231224550/https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher Archived] from the original on December 31, 2022. Retrieved January 9, 2021.</ref><ref>McNeil, Donald G. (October 22, 2020). [https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/22/health/wikipedia-who-coronavirus-health.html "Wikipedia and W.H.O. Join to Combat Covid-19 Misinformation"]. [[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20201227064918/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/22/health/wikipedia-who-coronavirus-health.html Archived] from the original on December 27, 2020. Retrieved October 25, 2020.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2021 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2021, [[:en:Wikipedia:20th_anniversary|ngwaga wa masome a mabedi wa segopotso sa Wikipedia]] o ne wa lemogiwa mo metsweding ya dikgang.<ref>Kelly, Heather (January 15, 2021). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/01/15/wikipedia-20-year-anniversary/ "Technology: On its 20th birthday, Wikipedia might be the safest place online]". [[:en:The_Washington_Post|The Washington Post]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210905012756/https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/01/15/wikipedia-20-year-anniversary/ Archived] from the original on September 5, 2021. Retrieved January 16, 2021. The world's largest online encyclopedia has learned lessons from fighting misinformation for two decades</ref><ref>Kent, German (January 15, 2021). "[https://www.cnet.com/news/in-a-post-truth-world-we-need-wikipedia-more-than-ever/ In a post-truth world, we need Wikipedia more than ever]". [[:en:CNET|CNET]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220221144855/https://www.cnet.com/news/in-a-post-truth-world-we-need-wikipedia-more-than-ever/ Archived] from the original on February 21, 2022. Retrieved January 16, 2021. Commentary: Wikipedia celebrated its 20th anniversary today. The free encyclopedia may not be exciting, but its neutral, volunteer-driven content is incredibly valuable.</ref><ref>"[https://www.dw.com/en/world-in-progress-20-years-of-wikipedia/av-56212410 World in Progress: 20 years of Wikipedia]" (Audio). [[:en:Deutsche_Welle|Deutsche Welle]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221005082902/https://www.dw.com/en/world-in-progress-20-years-of-wikipedia/av-56212410 Archived] from the original on October 5, 2022. Retrieved January 17, 2021. The year marks the 20th anniversary of Wikipedia. Every month, more than 1.7 billion people visit the open-source website in search of information about, well, just about anything! We speak with Dr. Bernie Hogan from the [[:en:Oxford_Internet_Institute|Oxford Internet Institute]] about Wikipedia's successes, where it fits into the discrimination crisis, and the website's future.</ref><ref>[[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Wales, Jimmy]] (January 14, 2021). [https://news.yahoo.com/wikipedia-turns-20-aims-reach-035212015.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly9zZWFyY2gueWFob28uY29tLw&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAHKHaTI72xUEUz_BdVPt8DFvi-uLdmApcbSckrJrAbM_GpTwHsHtNHRdxX-KYAS6xk81e_p_w46bfh10PJVV7cmUzE-pWR5gsID2T8Kd1k0u-2r78p4Y4V16CKTPFcWRJzV0LwQMJyuEeeR7Vv-_lfVBiCT30KvF47aGzyE3QP-a "As Wikipedia turns 20 it aims to reach more readers"]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220923105157/https://news.yahoo.com/wikipedia-turns-20-aims-reach-035212015.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly9zZWFyY2gueWFob28uY29tLw&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAHKHaTI72xUEUz_BdVPt8DFvi-uLdmApcbSckrJrAbM_GpTwHsHtNHRdxX-KYAS6xk81e_p_w46bfh10PJVV7cmUzE-pWR5gsID2T8Kd1k0u-2r78p4Y4V16CKTPFcWRJzV0LwQMJyuEeeR7Vv-_lfVBiCT30KvF47aGzyE3QP-a Archived] from the original on September 23, 2022. Retrieved January 17, 2021 – via [[:en:Yahoo!|Yahoo]]!. Wikipedia is the web's seventh-most visited site</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malalatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2021, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya fitlhelela diphetogo di le dibilione di le nngwe, koo tseleganyo ya bobilione e neng ya dirwa ke [[:en:Steven_Pruitt|Steven Pruitt]]<ref>"[https://www.vice.com/en/article/the-english-language-wikipedia-just-had-its-billionth-edit/ The English Language Wikipedia Just Had Its Billionth Edit"]. [[:en:Vice_(magazine)|Vice]]. January 15, 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210115145145/https://www.vice.com/en/article/k7appn/the-english-language-wikipedia-just-had-its-billionth-edit Archived] from the original on January 15, 2021. Retrieved February 26, 2021.</ref> [[:en:MIT_Press|MIT Press]] e gatisitse buka e e [[:en:Open_access|bulegileng ya ditlhamo]] [[:en:Wikipedia_@_20|''Wikipedia @ 20'']]: ''Dikgang tsa Phetogo e e sa Fediwang'', e e rulagantsweng ke [[:en:Joseph_M._Reagle_Jr.|Joseph Reagle]] le Jackie Koerner ka ditshwaelo go tswa go ba-Wikipedia ba ba tlhageletseng, ba-Wikimedia, babatlisisi, babegadikgang, ba lefelo la dibuka le baitseanape ba bangwe ba ba akanyang ka ditiragalo tse di rileng le<ref>Reagle, Joseph; Koerner, Jackie, eds. (2020). [https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/wikipedia-20 Wikipedia @ 20: Stories of an Incomplete Revolution]. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0262538176|978-0262538176.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20220716055539/https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/wikipedia-20 Archived] from the original on July 16, 2022. Retrieved November 12, 2021.</ref>. Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2021, Wikipedia e ne e wetse mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ya bolesometharo mo lefatsheng ka ntlha ya go dirisa inthanete mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref name=":15" /> ==== Ngwaga wa 2022 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2022, Modiri wa Wikipedia Richard Knipel o ne a tlhama setlhogo sa [[:en:Artwork_title|setlhogo sa Botaki]], se poeletso ya sone ya ntlha e neng e le mokwalo yo o santseng o tla baakangwa e e tlhagisitsweng ke [[:en:ChatGPT|ChatGPT]] e Knipel a neng a e dirile diphetogo tse dinnye go tsamaisana thata le maemo a Wikipedia. Knipel o boletse mo [[:en:Talk_page|tsebeng ya puisano]] gore o dumela gore ke lekgetlo la ntlha mongwe a dirisa ChatGPT go tlhama pego ya Wikipedia. Go romelwa ga pego e go ne ga kgalwa ke barulaganyi ba bangwe mme ga tsosa kganetsano mo setšhabeng sa Wikipedia, mme se sa dira gore go nne le kganetsano e e tseneletseng ka gore a ChatGPT le dikai tse di tshwanang le yone di tshwanetse go dirisiwa mo go kwaleng diteng tsa Wikipedia le gore, fa go le jalo, di tshwanetse go dirisiwa go le kana kang.<ref>Harrison, Stephen (January 12, 2023). [https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/chatgpt-wikipedia-articles.html "Should ChatGPT Be Used to Write Wikipedia Articles?]". Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230128200141/https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/chatgpt-wikipedia-articles.html Archived] from the original on January 28, 2023. Retrieved January 30, 2023.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2023 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2023, segokaganyi sa sesupa ditlhaka sa tafole sa Wikipedia se ne sa fetolwa lekgetho la ntlha fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 2010, go nna sebopedgo se sesha se se bitswang [[:en:Vector_2022|Vector 2022]].<ref>"[[foundationsite:news/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-a-fresh-new-look-first-desktop-update-in-a-decade-puts-usability-at-the-forefront/|Wikipedia Gets a Fresh New Look: First Desktop Update in a Decade Puts Usability at the Forefront]]". Wikimedia Foundation. January 18, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230119234339/https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-a-fresh-new-look-first-desktop-update-in-a-decade-puts-usability-at-the-forefront/ Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> Segokakanyi sa modirisi se segolo se sesha se ne sa nyatswa thata ke badirisi. Dikganetso tse dintsi di ne di tlhomile mogopolo mo thulaganyong ya bophara jo bo tlhomameng, e e neng ya dira gore go nne le sebaka se sesweu se se feteletseng mo dintlheng tsa dimonithara tse di bulegileng, mme se sa dira gore go nne le motlotlo wa mafoko a le dikete tse borobabongwe wa gore a letlalo le lesha le tshwanetse go nna le le tlwaelesegileng. [[:en:Swahili_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seswahili]] e ne ya tlhopa ka bongwefela jwa pelo go gana letlalo le lesha mme "ka bokhutshwane" ya batla gore go boelwe kwa letlalong la bogologolo. Go tshwaiwa phoso go gongwe go ne ga lebisiwa kwa Mokgatlhong wa Wikimedia ka go thapa setlhopha sa batlhami se se nang le maitemogelo a a lekanyeditsweng mo diwiki. Brandon Harris, yo e neng e le motlhami yo mogolo kwa Wikipedia go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2010 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2014, o ne a re: "Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia gantsi o thapa batlhami ba ba sa tlwaelanang le baagi, mme ba tsena abo ba leka go dira diphetogo tseo tsotlhe—ba taboga ka tlhogo pele go nna shaga ya modumo —mme baagi ba gana ka tsela e e utlwalang]".<ref name=":20">Rauwerda, Annie (January 18, 2023). [https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/wikipedia-redesign-vector-2022-skin.html "Wikipedia's Redesign Is Barely Noticeable. That's the Point"]. Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120005241/https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/wikipedia-redesign-vector-2022-skin.html Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Wikimedia Sound Logo Finalist VQ97.wav|thumb|Letshwao la modumo la Wikimedia (go akaretsa le Wikipedia)<ref name=":16">[[foundationsite:news/2023/03/28/wikipedias-new-sound-logo-winner/|"Wikipedia's new sound logo: Winner of The Sound of All Human Knowledge contest announced".]] Wikimedia Foundation. March 28, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230406101352/https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/03/28/wikipedias-new-sound-logo-winner/ Archived] from the original on April 6, 2023. Retrieved May 2, 2023.</ref>]] Morago ga therisano le kgaisano, letshwao [[:en:Sound_logo|la ntlha la modumo]] la Wikimedia (go akaretsa le Wikipedia) le ne la amogelwa.<ref name=":16" /> ==== Ngwaga wa 2024 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a lelesome le boraro, ka ngwaga wa 2024, kopololo ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane, e e bolokilweng mo [[:en:5D_optical_data_storage|polokelong ya tshedimosetso ya 5D optical]], e ne ya tsenngwa mo lefelong la patlisiso le le ka fa tlase ga lefatshe kwa Switzerland, le le nang le kgonagalo ya go bolokwa dingwaga di ka nna dibilione di le lesome le bone, ka ntlha ya maranyane ya polokelo e e dirisitsweng. Kopololo e ka balega ka go dirisa [[:en:Microscope|sedirisiwa sa go godisa dilo tse dinnye gore di bonale sentle]], kwantle ga go tlhoka go dirisa [[:en:Digital_electronics|thekenoloji ya maranyane a segompieno]] .<ref>"[https://www.archmission.org/gkv Global Knowledge Vault]". Arch Mission Foundation - Preserving humanity forever, in space and on Earth. Retrieved May 26, 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2024, kopololo ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya goroga ka katlego mo Ngweding, jaaka karolo ya lenaneo la Galactic Legacy Archive. Thomo e ne ya dirwa ke [[:en:Intuitive_Machines|Metšhini ya Intuitive]], fa sefofane se se dirisang mollo sone se ne sa itsisiwe semmuso ke [[:en:SpaceX|SpaceX]]. Tshedimosetso e e ne e bolokilwe jaaka e e dirisang dikarolo di le lesome le borataro tsa nickel, mme go akanyediwa gore e ka nna mo godimo ga Ngwedi dingwaga di ka nna dibilione di le tlhano. <ref>"[https://www.archmission.org/galactic-legacy-archive Galactic Legacy Archive]". Arch Mission Foundation - Preserving humanity forever, in space and on Earth. Retrieved May 26, 2026.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2025 ==== ==== Ngwaga wa 2026 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Work-in-progress animation of the Wikipedia 25 birthday mascot scrolling on a phone.gif|thumb|Setshwantsho sa Baby Globe e tsamayatsamaya mo mogaleng wa letheka]] Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano, Wikipedia e ne ya keteka ngwaga wa yone wa masome a mabedi le botlhano.<ref>[https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00074-1 "Wikipedia is needed now more than ever, 25 years on"]. Nature. 649 (8099): 1079–1080. January 28, 2026. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00074-1|10.1038/d41586-026-00074-1]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1476-4687 1476-4687.]</ref> Go ne ga tlhamiwa motseletsele wa ditokomane le "lebokoso la go boloka dilo tsa nako" jaaka karolo ya meletlo.<ref>Roth, Emma (January 15, 2026). [https://www.theverge.com/news/861935/wikipedia-25th-anniversary-2026 "Wikipedia turns 25 and shares a glimpse into the lives of its volunteer editors]". The Verge. Retrieved February 25, 2026.</ref> Go ne ga gololwa setshwantsho se se tlhamilweng ke modirisi BaduFerreira se se bidiwang [[:en:Baby_Globe|Baby Globe]]. E ne ya tlhagelela fa mokgwa wa letsatsi la matsalo o ne o kgontshitswe mo Wikipedia. Go ne ga tlhamiwa [[:en:Plush|seaparo]] sa Baby Globe se se ka [[:en:Collectable|kokoanngwang]] ka tirisanommogo le Makeship.<ref>Fear, Natalie (January 15, 2026). [https://www.creativebloq.com/design/wikipedia-unveils-adorable-mascot-for-25th-anniversary "Wikipedia's new mascot is too cute for words"]. Creative Bloq. Retrieved February 25, 2026.</ref> Baby Globe e ne ya tlosiwa mo lefelong la Wikipedia ka kgwedi ya Moranang a le malatsi a le supa.<ref>"[[foundationsite:wikipedia25/wikipedia-mascot/|Meet Baby Globe, Wikipedia's 25th birthday mascot]]". Wikimedia Foundation. Retrieved April 14, 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bosupa, Wikipedia e ne ya thibela tiriso ya diteng tse di tlhamilweng ke [[:en:Large_language_model|di-LLM]] mo dipegong tsa yone, kwa ntle ga dithanolo le diphetogo tse dinnye tsa di kopololo.<ref>Milman, Oliver (March 27, 2026). [https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2026/mar/27/wikipedia-bans-ai "Wikipedia bans AI-generated content in its online encyclopedia"]. The Guardian. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077 0261-3077]. Retrieved March 31, 2026.</ref><ref>"[https://www.newsweek.com/wikipedia-bans-ai-content-after-debate-11746790 Wikipedia bans one type of content after 'heated debate']". Newsweek. March 27, 2026. Retrieved March 31, 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong a tlhola malatsia le lesome le bongwe, Wikipedia e ne ya golola Kgwetlho ya go Bala ya Ngwaga wa bo masome a mabedi le botlhano ya tiriso ya iOS go tloga ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bongwe go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borobabobedi mme Baby Globe e ne ya tlhagisiwa gape.<ref>"[[mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Team/25th_Birthday_Reading_Challenge|Wikimedia Apps/Team/25th Birthday Reading Challenge"]]. MediaWiki. May 11, 2026. Retrieved June 14, 2026.</ref> == Ditso go ya ka maphata a thuto == === Didirisiwa tsa sesupaditlhaka le mananeo a sesupaditlhaka === Pego ya konokono: [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]] ''Mananeo a sesupaditlhaka a a tsamaisang Wikipedia, le sedirisiwa sa sesupaditlhaka, mafelo a polokelo a di server le ditsamaiso tse dingwe tse Wikipedia e ikaegileng ka tsone.'' * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2001, Wikipedia e ne ya tsamaya mo [[:en:UseModWiki|UseModWiki]], e e kwadilweng ka [[:en:Perl|Perl]] ke [[:en:Clifford_Adams|Clifford Adams]]. Sesupaditlhaka se se fang disupaditlhaka tse dingwe ditirelo le tshedimosetso mo mafaratlhatlheng e ne e sa ntse e dirisa [[:en:Linux|Linux]], le fa mokwalo wa ntlha o ne o bolokilwe mo sedirisweng sa polokelo sa faele go na le mo polokelong ya tshedimosetso ya database . Ditlhogo di ne di bidiwa ka mokgwa wa [[:en:CamelCase|CamelCase]]. * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2002, "Kgato ya bobedi" ya mananeo a sesupa ditlhaka ya wiki e e fang Wikipedia maatla e ne ya tlhagisiwa, e e neng ya emisetsa [[:en:UseModWiki|UseModWiki]] ya bogologolo. E kwaletswe lenaneo leo ka tlhamalalo ke [[:en:Magnus_Manske|Magnus Manske]], e ne e akaretsa [[:en:Wiki_engine|enjene ya wiki]] ya [[:en:PHP|PHP]]. * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2002, [[:en:Rewrite_(programming)|go kwalwa sešwa mo gogolo]] ga mananeo a sesupaditlhaka e e fang Wikipedia maatla go ne ga simolola; e e bidiwang "Kgato ya boraro", e ne ya tsaya sebaka sa mofuta wa bogologolo wa "Kgato ya bobedi", mme ya nna [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]]. E kwadilwe ke [[:en:Lee_Daniel_Crocker|Lee Daniel Crocker]] go tsibogela ditlhokego tse di oketsegang tsa lenaneo le le golang. * Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2002, Derek Ramsey o ne a tlhama [[:en:Internet_bot|bot]] – thulaganyo e e itirisang e e bidiwang [[:en:Rambot|Rambot]] – go oketsa palo e ntsi ya dipego tse di buang ka ditoropo tsa lefatshe la United States; dipego tseo di ne tsa tlhagisiwa ka go itirisa go tswa mo tshedimosetsong ya [[:en:U.S._census|palobatho ya U.S.]] Ka jalo o ne a oketsa palo ya dipego tsa Wikipedia ka dikete tse masome a mararo le boraro le makgolo a borobabobedi le masome a mararo le bobedi.<ref>[[:en:Andrew_Lih|Lih, Andrew]] (2009). [https://books.google.com/books?id=AWuZAAAAQBAJ&q=%22Derek+Ramsey+%28Wikipedian%29%22 ''The Wikipedia Revolution'']. Hachette Digital, Inc. pp. 99–106. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1401395858|978-1401395858]].</ref> Se se biditswe "kgato e e tsosang kganetsano go gaisa mo ditsong tsa Wikipedia"<ref>Lih, p. 99.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2003, go ne ga okediwa ka tshegetso ya sekaelo tsa dipalo mo [[:en:TeX|TeX]]. Ditaelo tse di kwadilweng ka puo ya sesupaditlhaka di ne tsa ntshiwa ke Tomasz Węgrzanowski. * Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a a robangbongweka ngwaga wa 2003, segokaganyi sa [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] sa Wikipedia se ne sa fetolwa go dira gore di-ISBN mo dipegong di golagane le E kgethegileng:Metswedi ya Dibuka, e e tsayang diteng tsa yone go tswa mo tsebeng e e ka rulaganngwang ke modirisi ya [[:en:Wikipedia:Book_sources|Wikipedia:Metswedi ya dibuka]]. Pele ga se, dintlha tsa kgokagano ya ISBN di ne tsa tsenngwa khoutu mo lenaneong la sesupa ditshwantso mme go ne ga tshitshinngwa tse dišwa mo tsebeng ya Wikipedia:ISBN. Bona tseleganyo e e fetotseng se. * Morago ga kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 2003, melaetsa e e farologaneng ya tsamaiso e e neng e bontshiwa badirisi ba Wikipedia e ne e sa tlhole e tsentswe [[:en:Hard_coding|dikhoutu tse di thata]], mme se se ne sa dira gore [[:en:Wikipedia:Administrators|batsamaisi]] ba Wikipedia ba kgone go fetola dikarolo dingwe tsa segokaganyi sa MediaWiki, jaaka molaetsa o o neng o bontshiwa badirisi ba ba thibetsweng. * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2004, ditiro tsa disupaditlhaka se se fang disupaditlhaka tse dingwe ditirelo le tshedimosetso mo mafaratlhatlheng di ne tsa fudusiwa go tswa kwa San Diego, kwa California go ya kwa [[:en:Tampa,_Florida|Tampa, kwa Florida]].<ref>"[[mailarchive:wikitech-l/2004-February/008420.html|Server swapping soon]]". lists.wikimedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140618061009/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2004-February/008420.html Archived] from the original on June 18, 2014. Retrieved February 10, 2007.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e thola malatsi ka ngwaga wa 2004, lefelo la tshedimosetso tsotlhe tse di farologaneng di ne tsa tlhabololwa go nna mofuta o mošwa wa mananeo a sesupaditlhaka sa [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]]. * Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa 2004, go ne ga tlhagelela ditiragalo tsa ntlha tsa ditsenngwa tsa "go aroganngwa ka ditlhopha". Maano a ditlhopha, jaaka Diphetogo tsa Bosheng le Phetolo ya Tsebe E, di ne di ntse di le teng fa e sa le Wikipedia e tlhongwa. Le fa go ntse jalo, Sanger o ne a lebile maano jaaka manaane, le dipego tse di tsenngwang ka diatla, fa maiteko a go [[:en:Categorization|aroganya ka ditlhopa]] a ne a ikaegile ka ditsenngwa tsa go tlhaola ka ditlhopa ka bongwe mo pegong nngwe le nngwe ya ensaetlopedia, jaaka karolo ya go aroganya ka ditlhopha mo go golo mo go itirisang ga dipego tsa ensaetlopedia.<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Categorization|"Wikipedia:Categorization]]", Wikipedia. Retrieved 30 January 2007.</ref> * Morago ga kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le mararo ka ngwaga wa 2004, batsamaisi ba ne ba ka tseleganya mokgwa wa segokaganyi ka go fetola [[:en:Cascading_Style_Sheets|CSS]] mo pampiring ya mokgwa wa buka e le nngwe mo [[:en:MediaWiki:Monobook.css|MediaWiki:Monobook.css.]] * Gape ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 2004, ka MediaWiki 1.3, go ne ga tlhamiwa lefelo la maina la mokwalo wa go rulaganya diteng, le le letlang go [[:en:Transclusion|tsenngwa]] ga ditlhangwa tse di tlwaelesegileng . * Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 2005 ka oura ya boraro mo mosong ka Nako e e [[:en:Eastern_Time_Zone|Tlwaelesegileng ya Botlhaba]], bontsi jwa sesupaditlhaka se se fang disupaditlhaka tse dingwe ditirelo le tshedimosetso mo mafaratlhatlheng tsa Wikimedia di ne tsa fudusediwa kwa lefelong le lesha le le ka kwa ga mmila. Mananeo otlhe a Wikimedia a ne a sa dire ka nako e. * Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2013, kgato ya ntlha ya polokelo ya tshedimosetso ya [[:en:Wikidata|Wikidata]] ya interwiki e ne ya nna teng mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo tsa Wikipedia.<ref name=":13" /> * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2013, go ne ga tlhongwa segokaganyi sa go tseleganya sa VisualEditor, se se neng se letla badirisi go tseleganya Wikipedia ba dirisa morulaganyi wa mafoko wa [[:en:WYSIWYG|WYSIWYG]] (o o tshwanang le [[:en:Word_processor|modirisiwa wa go rulaganya mafoko]]) go na le [[:en:Wiki_markup|go tshwaya wiki]].<ref name=":18" /> Segokaganyi sa go fetolang se se tokafaditsweng didiriswa tsa mogala wa letheka le sone se ne sa gololwa.<ref name=":19" /> ==== '''Ponalo le mokgwa wa tiriso''' ==== ''Ponalo ya kwa ntle ya Wikipedia, tsela e e [[:en:Look_and_feel|lebegang ka yone, mokgwa o e dirang]] ka one, le letshwao la yone , tsotlhe jaaka di bonwa ke badirisi''. * Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2002, BrilliantProse, e moragonyana e neng ya bidiwa Featured Articles (Ditlhogo tse di Tlhophilweng),<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Featured_articles|"Wikipedia:Featured articles"]]. Wikipedia. Retrieved 30 January 2007.</ref> e ne ya fudusiwa go tswa mo lefelong la pego go ya mo lefelong la Wikipedia. * Mo e ka nnangka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2003, go ne ga tsenngwa letshwao le lesha la Wikipedia.<ref>"[[m:International_logo_vote/Finalists|International logo vote/Finalists".]] Meta-Wiki. Wikimedia. [https://web.archive.org/web/20060716073834/http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/International_logo_vote/Finalists Archived] from the original on July 16, 2006. Retrieved July 8, 2006.</ref> Kgopolo ya letshwao leo e ne ya tlhophiwa ka tshegetso ya ditlhopho, mme morago ga moo ga latela tshekatsheko ya go tlhopha mofuta o o gaisang. Letshwao la bofelo le ne la tlhamiwa ke David Friedland (yo o dirisang leina la “''nohat''” mo Wikipedia), le ikaegile ka mokgwa le kgopolo tse di neng tsa tlhamiwa ke Paul Stansifer. * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2004, karolo ya “Did You Know (DYK)” e ne ya tlhagelela la ntlha mo Tsebeng e Kgolo. * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2004, ka nako ya ka oura ya bolesome le boferabongwe le metsotso e le masome a manê le borataro mo nakong ya UTC. Ponalo eo e ne ya akaretsa ditlhogo tse di tlhophilweng tsotlhe ka seatla, tse di neng di akaretsa:Setlhogo se se Tlhophilweng sa Letsatsi (Daily Featured Article),Ditiragalo tsa Segopotso (Anniversaries),Mo Dikgangnyeng (In the News),le Did You Know (DYK). * Ka '''kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlola malatsi a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 2005''', go ne ga tlhongwa '''porata ya dipuo tsotlhe''' mo atereseng ya '''www.wikipedia.org''', e e neng ya emisetsa go romela badirisi ka tlhamalalo kwa Wikipedia ya Seesimane. * Ka la 5 Tlhakole 2005, [[:en:Portal:Biology|tsebe e e kgobokanyang dikgokagano le tshedimosetso tsotlhe tse di amanang le setlhogo sa :Biology]] e ne ya tlhamiwa, mme ya nna tsebe ya ntlha ya setlhogo sengwe (thematic portal) mo Wikipedia ya Seesimane. Le fa go ntse jalo, kgopolo eo e ne e setse e simolotswe mo Wikipedia ya Sejeremane, kwa [[:de:Portal:Recht|tsebe e e kgobokanyang dikgokagano le tshedimosetso tsotlhe tse di amanang le setlhogo sa Recht]] :Recht (Dithuto tsa Molao) e neng ya tlhongwa ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2003.<ref>[[:de:Wikipedia:WikiProjekt Portale/2003|Portals on German Wikipedia ordered by date of creation.]]</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2005, Wikipedia ya Seesimane e ne ya simolola mokgwa wa go tlhagisa setshwantsho se se tlhophilweng sa letsatsi mo Tsebeng e Kgolo. * Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhla malatsi a le lseome le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2006, morago ga ditlhopho, Tsebe e konokono ya Wikipedia ya Seesimane e ne ya fetolwa sešwa la ntlha morago ga dingwaga di ka nna pedi. * Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2010, lefelo la tshedimosetso le ne la golola sebopego se sesha. Dikarolo tse disha di ne di akaretsa:letshwao le le ntšhafaditsweng, didirisiwa tse disha tsa go tsamaya mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ,le sedirisiwa sa go thusa go tlhama dikgokagano.<ref name=":17" /> === Diphetogo tsa thulaganyo ka ngwaga wa 2023 === ''"Vector 2022" e kaela gape fa. Go bona tshedimosetso ka go dirisa Vector 2022 mo Wikipedia, leba [[:en:Wikipedia:Vector_2022|Wikipedia:Vector 2022.]]'' [[Setshwantsho:Top of the Pluto page in the Vector skin.png|thumb]] [[Setshwantsho:Top of the Pluto page in the Vector 2022 skin.png|thumb|Pego ya Pluto mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane, e bontshiwa ka matlalo a Vector 2010 (ka fa molemeng) le Vector 2022 a kgontshitswe]] Vector 2022, e leng ntšhwafatso ya Vector 2010 ya sebopego sa pele sa Wikipedia, e ne ya itsisiwe ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa 2020, mme kwa tshimologong e ne e rulaganyeditswe go tlhagelela ka ngwaga wa 2021, pele ga e ka dirisiwa ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2023.<ref name=":21">Kurtz, Jason (September 24, 2020). [https://www.cnn.com/2020/09/24/tech/wikipedia-redesign-trnd/index.html "Wikipedia due to get its first substantial website redesign in a decade]". CNN Business. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120112945/https://www.cnn.com/2020/09/24/tech/wikipedia-redesign-trnd/index.html Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2023, Wikimedia e ne e dirile gore ntšhwafatso e nne teng [[:en:List_of_Wikipedias|mo dikgatisong tsa yone tsa puo]] di le makgolo a mararo; e ne e le tlwaelo ya diphetolelo tsa Searabia le Segerika.<ref name=":22">Fingas, Jon (January 19, 2023). [https://www.engadget.com/wikipedia-desktop-web-redesign-211000932.html "Wikipedia's first desktop design update in a decade doesn't rock the boat (updated)"]. Engadget. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230119195554/https://www.engadget.com/wikipedia-desktop-web-redesign-211000932.html Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref><ref name=":20" /><ref name=":23">[https://www.pcmag.com/news/wikipedia-desktop-site-gets-new-look-its-first-in-over-10-years "Wikipedia Desktop Site Gets New Look, Its First in Over 10 Years".] PC Magazine. January 18, 2023. [https://www.pcmag.com/news/wikipedia-desktop-site-gets-new-look-its-first-in-over-10-years Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> Vector 2022 e na le [[:en:User_interface|segokanyimmediamentsi sa sebolokigolo]] sa modirisi se se tlhabolotsweng se se dirang diphetogo tse dintsi mo thulaganyong ya dintlha tsa segokaganyi. Gareng ga tsone, lenaneo la go tlhopha puo, le pele le neng le le kafa molemeng wa sefatlhego sa sesupaditshwantsho, jaanong o fitlhelwa mo sekhutlong se se kwa godimo sa moja sa pontsho ya setlhogo se se balwang gone jaanong.<ref name=":23" /> Mo godimo ga moo, bara e e kafa thoko e kgona go phuthega ka fa morago ga [[:en:Hamburger_button|konopo ya hamburger]]. Vector 2022 gape e oketsa [[:en:Margin_(typography)|dintlha]] tsa pontsho ya dipego, e e nang le phelelo ya go lekanyetsa bophara jwa pego;<ref name=":23" /> go na le toggle e e ka fokotsang dintlha le go atolosa bophara jwa mola wa pego go tlatsa sefatlhego sa sesupaditshwantso.<ref name=":24">Perez, Sarah (January 18, 2023). [https://techcrunch.com/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-its-first-makeover-in-over-a-decade-and-its-fairly-subtle/ "Wikipedia gets its first makeover in over a decade... and it's fairly subtle"]. techcrunch.com. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230119214848/https://techcrunch.com/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-its-first-makeover-in-over-a-decade-and-its-fairly-subtle/ Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref><ref name=":20" /> Bogolo jwa mokwalo jo bo dirisiwang ka tlwaelo ga bo ise bo okediwe, le fa [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] o boleletse ''Engadget'' gore o solofela go dira se kgetho mo isagong.<ref name=":22" /> Tiro ya patlo le yone e ne ya tlhabololwa mo Vector 2022, ka gonne maduoa a ntshitshitsweng go araba dipotso tsa modirisi jaanong di akaretsa ditshwantsho le ditlhaloso tse dikhutshwane go tswa mo ditsebeng tse go buiwang ka tsone.<ref name=":23" /><ref name=":25">Nguyen, Britney. [https://www.businessinsider.com/new-wikipedia-update-looks-different-desktop-redesign-2023-1 "It's not just you  – Wikipedia looks different"]. ''Business Insider''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120012218/https://www.businessinsider.com/new-wikipedia-update-looks-different-desktop-redesign-2023-1 Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] o ne wa bolela gore phetogo eno e ne e tlhotlhelediwa ke keletso ya go dira gore lefelo leno le nne la segompieno le go tokafatsa maitemogelo a go tsamaya le go tseleganya mo babading ba ba senang maitemogelo a maranyane, ka gonne letlalo la pele le ne le tsewa le le "le le sa siamang le le le fekeetsang."<ref name=":21" /><ref name=":22" /><ref name=":24" /> Diteko tse di dirilweng ke motheo di ne tsa oketsa maduo a mokgatlho oo ka koketsego ya badirisi ba dipatlisiso ka karolo ya masome a mararo mo lekgolong, le phokotsego ya karolo ya lesome le botlhano mo lekgolong ya go tsamayatsamaya mo lefelong la tshedimosetso.<ref name=":22" /><ref name=":24" />Diphetolelo tsa ntlha tsa Vector 2022 di ne tsa simolola go dirisiwa la ntlha ka ngwaga wa 2020 mo mafelong a Wikipedia a puo ya Sefora, Sehebera le Sepotokisi,<ref name=":21" /> ​​jaaka fa dikarolo tse disha tsa sebopego di ne di anamisiwa mo badirising gore di lekwe ka iketlo pele ga le gololwa ka botlalo.<ref>Lyles, Taylor (September 24, 2020). [https://www.theverge.com/2020/9/23/21453300/wikipedia-desktop-redesign-2021 "Wikipedia is getting its first desktop redesign in 10 years".] The Verge. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120152848/https://www.theverge.com/2020/9/23/21453300/wikipedia-desktop-redesign-2021 Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> Sebopego se ne sa simolola go dirisiwa jaaka lsebopego se se tlwaelesegileng la babadi ba mafelo a Wikimedia ka dipuo di le makgolo a mararo (mo go tse makgolo a mararo le lesome le borobabobedi) ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2023.<ref name=":22" /><ref name=":20" /><ref name=":23" /> Morago ga go anamisa mo gontsi ga Vector 2022, go santse go kgonega go bala Wikipedia o dirisa sebopego se se fetileng. Le fa go ntse jalo, go dira jalo go tlhoka gore babadi ba ikwadisetse lenaneo le le letlellang go tsena mo Wikipedia, mme morago ba tlhome ditlhopho tsa bone go bontsha Vector 2010 boemong jwa seo.<ref name=":23" /> Ga go na diphetogo tse di dirilweng mo dibopegong tsa Wikipedia jaaka Monobook le Timeless, tse le tsone di sa ntseng di le teng go ka dirisiwa.<ref name=":20" /><ref>[https://gizmodo.com/wikipedia-wikimedia-online-encyclopedia-1850002977 "Try and Spot the Differences in Wikipedia's First New Look in 11 Years]". Gizmodo. January 18, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230119134259/https://gizmodo.com/wikipedia-wikimedia-online-encyclopedia-1850002977 Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> [[:en:Wikipedia_users|Badirisi ba Wikipedia]] ba ne ba kgaogane ka diphetogo tse. Kopo ya tshwaelo mo [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] e e botsang baagi gore a Vector 2022 e tshwanetse go dirisiwa kgotsa nnyaa jaaka sebopego sa tlwaelo se kokoantse mafoko a a fetang dikete tse masome a borobabongwe mo dikarabong.<ref name=":20" /> Batshwayadiphoso ba go tlhamiwa sešwa ba ne ba ganetsa thata [[:en:White_space_(visual_arts)|phatlha e e tshweu]] e e tlogetsweng e le lolea mo sebopegong se lešwa, fa badirisi ba bangwe ba ne ba nyatsa batshwayadiphoso ba re ba na le kganetso ya phetogo.<ref name=":20" /> Barulaganyi ba le lekgolo le masome a marataro le botlhano ba ba neng ba tsaya karolo mo motlotlong ba ne ba sa amogele letlalo le lešwa, fa ba le lekgolo le masome a matlhano a le boraro ba ne ba rata, mme ba le robongwe ba ne ba nna ba sa tseye letlhakore.<ref name=":26">Pearl, Mike (January 18, 2023). [https://mashable.com/article/new-wikipedia-redesign "Yes, Wikipedia looks weird. Don't freak out"]. ''Mashable''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120012235/https://mashable.com/article/new-wikipedia-redesign Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref><ref name=":20" /><ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3ARequests_for_comment%2FDeployment_of_Vector_%282022%29&diff=latest&oldid=1117412136 Wikipedia history page".] ''en.wikipedia.org''.</ref> Le fa go ne go na le palo e kgolo ya barulaganyi ba ba neng ba tlhagisa gore ga ba batle gore Vector 2022 e dirisiwe ka sebopego sa yone sa ga jaana, ka tumalano mo Wikipedia e sa tseelwe tshwetso ka tlhopo, puisane e ne ya tswalelwa go go tshegetsa sebobego se sesha, go akanyediwa ditshwaelo tse di siameng tse di tlogetsweng ke badirisi ba bangwe.<ref name=":26" /><ref name=":20" /> Batlhami ba Vector 2022 ba dirile diphetogo dingwe mo sebopegong go tsibogela ditshwaelo, tse di jaaka go tsenya toggle go kgontsha diteng tsa pego go tlatsa bophara jotlhe jwa sefatlhego sa sesupaditshwantso.<ref name=":20" /><ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Requests_for_comment/Deployment_of_Vector_(2022)&oldid=1138588215 "Wikipedia:Requests for comment/Deployment of Vector (2022)"]. February 10, 2023 – via Wikipedia.</ref> Badirisi ba [[:en:Swahili_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seswahili]] ba ne ba sa dumalane ka bongwefela jwa pelo le go tsenngwa tirisong ga sebopego se lešwa.<ref name=":20" /> Babegadikgang ba ba neng ba tsibogela go anamisa ga Vector 2022 ba ne ba tsaya ntšhwafatso le dikarolo tse disha tse di tlhagisitsweng e le ditlaleletso tse di mosola, mme ka kakaretso ba ne ba tlhalosa sebopego jaaka ntšhwafatso e nnye e e neng ya se ka ya fetola maitemogelo a bone a go bala mo Wikipedia.<ref name=":25" /><ref name=":20" /> <ref name=":24" />[[:en:Annie_Rauwerda|Annie Rauwerda]], motlhami wa lenaneo la go letlella go tsena tsa media wa loago tsa [[:en:Depths_of_Wikipedia|Boteng jwa Wikipedia]], o kwadile mo [[:en:Slate_(magazine)|''Slate'']] gore Vector 2022 e ne e sa "farologane thata" le letlalo le le fetileng. Rauwerda o ne a lemoga gape go tshwana fa gare ga tsibogo ya baagi ba Wikipedia kgatlhanong le moakanyetso le dikganetso tsa nako e e fetileng tsa diphetogo tse di tshwanang tsa pono mo mafelong a a tlwaelegileng a a jaaka [[:en:Reddit|Reddit]].<ref name=":20" /> Rauwerda, le Mike Pearl wa ''Mashable'', ba ne ba akgela ka gore badirisi ba ba sa itumeleleng phetogo eo ba ka nna ba sekaseka mo motlotlong o o buang ka sebopego se, kgotsa ba dirisa ditiriso tsa go itebaganya tse di ageletsweng mo lefelong leo go fetola maitemogelo a bone a go bala.<ref name=":26" /><ref name=":20" /> === Go kokoanya madi === [[Setshwantsho:WMF Support and Revenue, Expenses and Net Assets at Year End.jpg|thumb|Tlhabololo ya matlole ya Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia (ka US$), 2003–2023]] Ngwaga le ngwaga, Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia o tsamaisa matsholo a go kokoanya madi mo Wikipedia go tshegetsa ditiro tsa one. Tse ka kakaretso di tsaya mo e ka nnang kgwedi mme di diragala ka dinako tse di farologaneng tsa ngwaga mo dinageng tse di farologaneng. Mo godimo ga matshwao a phatlalatso a go kokoanya madi mo Wikipedia ka boyone, go na gape le matsholo a melaetsa ya maranyane; melaetsa e mengwe e laletsa batho go tlogela madi a Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia mo diwiling tsa bone.<ref>"[[m:Fundraising#Current_fundraising_activities|Fundraising – Meta"]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220525020516/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fundraising#Current_fundraising_activities Archived] from the original on May 25, 2022. Retrieved May 18, 2022.</ref> <ref>James Lileks (May 2, 2021). [https://www.startribune.com/lileks-wikipedia-wants-me-to-do-what/600052774/ "Lileks: Wikipedia wants me to do what?"]. Star Tribune. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210503001943/https://www.startribune.com/lileks-wikipedia-wants-me-to-do-what/600052774/ Archived] from the original on May 3, 2021. Retrieved May 24, 2022.</ref>Lotseno lo tlhatlogile ngwaga le ngwaga wa go nna teng ga Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia, lwa fitlha go didikadike di le didolara tsa Amerika di le lekgolo le masome a ferabongwe le disente di le lesome le bosupa go tloga ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa 2023, fa lo bapisiwa le ditshenyegelo tsa didikadike di le didolara tsa Amerika di le lekgolo le masome a marataro le borobongwe le disente di le lesome.<ref>[https://www.dailydot.com/debug/wikipedia-endownemnt-fundraising/ "Wikipedia is swimming in money – why is it begging people to donate?"]. The Daily Dot. May 24, 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210524121107/https://www.dailydot.com/debug/wikipedia-endownemnt-fundraising/ Archived] from the original on May 24, 2021. Retrieved September 23, 2021.</ref><ref>[[foundationsite:wp-content/uploads/File:Wikimedia_Foundation_FS_FY2022-2023_Audit_Report.pdf|"File: Wikimedia_Foundation_FS_FY_2022-2023_Audit_Report.pdf – Wikimedia Foundation Governance Wiki"]] (PDF). ''Foundation.wikimedia.org''. October 5, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240101140450/https://wikimediafoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/File:Wikimedia_Foundation_FS_FY2022-2023_Audit_Report.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, Wikimedia Endowment, e leng maiteko a a farologaneng a go kokoanya madi a a simolotsweng ka ngwaga wa 2016, a ne a fitlha ko didikadikeng di le didolara di le lekgolo ka ngwaga wa 2021, dingwaga di le tlhano ka bonako go feta ka fa go neng go rulagantswe ka gone.<ref>[https://diff.wikimedia.org/2021/09/22/the-wikimedia-endowment-reaches-100-million-milestone-and-welcomes-three-new-members-to-its-board-more-on-what-these-developments-mean-for-the-projects-and-movement/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2021/09/22/the-wikimedia-endowment-reaches-100-million-milestone-and-welcomes-three-new-members-to-its-board-more-on-what-these-developments-mean-for-the-projects-and-movement/ "The Wikimedia Endowment reaches $100 million milestone and welcomes three new members to its Board: More on what these developments mean for the projects and movement".] September 22, 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210924014012/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2021/09/22/the-wikimedia-endowment-reaches-100-million-milestone-and-welcomes-three-new-members-to-its-board-more-on-what-these-developments-mean-for-the-projects-and-movement/ Archived] from the original on September 24, 2021. Retrieved September 23, 2021.</ref> === Ditlamorago tsa kwa ntle === * Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Wikipedia e ne ya tsewa e tshwanela go dirisiwa jaaka motswedi o mogolo ke [[:en:UK_Intellectual_Property_Office|Ofisi ya Thoto ya Tlhaloganyo ya UK]] mo katlholong ya kgetse ya letshwaokgwebo la [[:en:Formula_One|Formula One]].<ref>In deciding the trademark of F1 racing {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071031053106/http://www.ipo.gov.uk/tm/t-decisionmaking/t-challenge/t-challenge-decision-results/o16907.pdf|date=31 October 2007}}, the UK Intellectual Property Office considered both the reliability of Wikipedia and its usefulness as a reliable source of evidence:<blockquote>Wikipedia has sometimes suffered from the self-editing that is intrinsic to it, giving rise at times to potentially libellous statements. However, inherently, I cannot see that what is in Wikipedia is any less likely to be true than what is published in a book or on the websites of news organisations. [Formula One's lawyer] did not express any concerns about the Wikipedia evidence [presented by the plaintiff]. I consider that the evidence from Wikipedia can be taken at face value.</blockquote>The case turned substantively upon evidence cited from Wikipedia in 2006 as to the usage and interpretation of the term "F1".</ref> * Fa nako e ntse e ile, Wikipedia e ne ya amogelwa ke metswedi ya dikgang e e tlwaelesegileng jaaka "motswedi o o botlhokwa" wa ditiragalo tse disha tse dikgolo, tse di jaaka [[:en:2004_Indian_Ocean_earthquake|thoromo ya lefatshe ya Lewatle la India ya 2004]] le [[:en:Tsunami|tsunami]] e e amanang le yone, [[:en:2008_American_Presidential_election|ditlhopho tsa botautona tsa Amerika tsa 2008]],<ref>Vargas, Jose Antonio (September 17, 2007). [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/09/16/AR2007091601699.html "On Wikipedia, Debating 2008 Hopefuls' Every Facet".] ''[[:en:The_Washington_Post|The Washington Post]]''. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286 0190-8286.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20230116071359/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/09/16/AR2007091601699.html Archived] from the original on January 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023. <q>...at the same time, it's hard to find a more up-to-date, detailed, thorough article on [[:en:Barack_Obama|Obama]] than Wikipedia's. As of Friday, Obama's article – more than 22 pages long, with 15 sections covering his personal and professional life – had a reference list of 167 sources.</q></ref> le go [[:en:Virginia_Tech_shooting|thuntshiwa ga Virginia Tech]] ka ngwaga wa 2007. Setlhogo sa bofelo se ne sa fitlhelelwa makgetlo a le dikete tse masome a supa le botlhano mo malatsing a mabedi, mme makwalo a dikgang a a gatisitsweng mo lefelong la gaeno go thuntshiwa a oketsa ka gore "Wikipedia e tlhageletse jaaka lefelo la go phepafatsa tshedimosetso e e feletseng ka tiragalo eno."<ref>[http://www.cyberjournalist.net/news/004178.php "Wikipedia emerges as key source for Virginia Tech shootings"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071022200632/http://cyberjournalist.net/news/004178.php|date=22 October 2007}}. ''The New York Times'' via Cyberjournalist.net. 2007. "Even ''[[:en:The_Roanoke_Times|The Roanoke Times]]'', which is published near [[:en:Blacksburg,_Virginia|Blacksburg, Va]]., where the university is located, noted on Thursday that Wikipedia 'has emerged as the clearinghouse for detailed information on the event'."</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mbadi le bongwe ka ngwaga wa 2007, Noam Cohen wa ''New York Times'' o ne a bega gore barutegi bangwe ba ne ba thibela tiriso ya Wikipedia jaaka sedirisiwa sa patlisiso.<ref>Cohen, Noam (February 21, 2007). [https://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/21/education/21wikipedia.html "A History Department Bans Citing Wikipedia as a Research Source]". ''The New York Times''. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170331235327/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/21/education/21wikipedia.html Archived] from the original on March 31, 2017. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola ka ngwaga wa 2007, pego mo lekwalong la dikgang la [[:en:The_Harvard_Crimson|The Harvard Crimson]] e ne ya bega gore baporofesara bangwe kwa Mmadikolo ya Harvard ba ne ba akaretsa Wikipedia mo dithulaganyong tsa bone tsa thuto, mme go ne ga nna le kgaogano mo tseleng e ba neng ba leba go dirisa Wikipedia ka yone.[233] * Ka Phukwi 2013, patlisiso e kgolo e e dirilweng ke diyunibesiti di le nne tse dikgolo e ne ya supa diathikele tse di neng di ngangisanwa thata mo Wikipedia, mme ya fitlhela gore Iseraele, Adolf Hitler le Modimo di ne di ngangisanwa ka bogale go feta ditlhogo dipe tse dingwe.[234] ==== Ditlamorago tsa diathikele tsa bayokerafi ==== Ka gore mekwalo ya matshelo a batho tsa Wikipedia di nna di tokafadiwa gangwe le gape fa tshedimosetso e ntšhwa e nna teng, gantsi di dirisiwa e le motswedi wa tshedimosetso ka matshelo a [[:en:Category:Living_people|batho ba ba tumileng]]. Se se dirile gore go nne le maiteko a go fetola kgotsa go tsenya tshedimosetso ya maaka mo ditlhogong tsa Wikipedia ka maikaelelo a go ipapatša kgotsa go senya seriti sa motho (Bona [[:en:History_of_Wikipedia#Controversies|Karolo ya Dikganetsano]]). Gape se dirile gore go nne le ditsela tse disha tsa go dirisa tshedimosetso ya mokwalo wa matshelo a batho e e fitlhelwang mo go yone. * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa 2005, [[:en:Wikipedia_Seigenthaler_biography_incident|kganetsano ya ga Seigenthaler]] e ne ya nna teng fa motsietsi mongwe a ne a bolela mo Wikipedia gore mmegadikgang John Seigenthaler o ne a na le seabe mo [[:en:Kennedy_assassination|polaong ya ga Kennedy]] ka ngwaga 1963. * Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga 2006, rametlae wa Mojeremane e bong [[:en:Atze_Schröder|Atze Schröder]] o ne a sekisa Arne Klempert, mokwaledi wa [[:en:Wikimedia_Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]] ka gonne a ne a sa batle gore leina la gagwe la mmatota le gatisiwe mo Wikipedia. Moragonyana Schröder o ne a gogela ngongorego ya gagwe morago mme o ne a batla gore ditshenyegelo tsa mmueledi wa gagwe di duelwe ke Klempert. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya swetsa ka gore motaki o tshwanetse go duelela ditshenyegelo tseo ka boene. * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2007, raditiragalo wa Turkey [[:en:Taner_Akçam|Taner Akçam]] o ne a tshwarwa ka nakwana fa a goroga kwa [[:en:Montréal–Pierre_Elliott_Trudeau_International_Airport|Boemafofaneng jwa Boditšhabatšhaba jwa Montréal–Pierre Elliott Trudeau]] ka ntlha ya tshedimosetso ya maaka mo mokwalong wa botshelo jwa gagwe ya Wikipedia e e neng e bolela gore ke serukhutlhi.<ref>[http://news.independent.co.uk/fisk/article2469270.ece "Caught in the deadly web of the internet"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20071001000113/http://news.independent.co.uk/fisk/article2469270.ece Archived] 1 October 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Robert Fisk. [[:en:The_Independent|The Independent]]. 21 April 2007. Retrieved 24 July 2007.</ref><ref>Jay, Paul (June 22, 2007). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20070629051007/http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/tech/wikipedia2.html A question of authority]". [[:en:CBC_News|CBC News]]. Archived from [http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/tech/wikipedia2.html the original] on June 29, 2007. Retrieved July 24, 2007.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa 2008, radipolotiki wa [[:en:The_Left_(Germany)|Lekoko la Left]] la Jeremane e bong [[:en:Lutz_Heilmann|Lutz Heilmann]] o ne a bolela gore mafoko mangwe a a neng a a bua mo setlhogong sa gagwe sa Wikipedia a ne a senya leina la gagwe. O ne a atlega go bona taelo ya kgotlatshekelo ya go dira gore Wikimedia Deutschland e tlose lefelo le le botlhokwa la go batla. Se se ne sa dira gore batho mo lefatsheng lotlhe ba bontshe tshegetso e kgolo mo Wikipediang, ga nna le meneelo e mentsi e e neng ya newa Wikimedia Deutschland, mme palo ya batho ba ba neng ba etela tsebe ya ga Lutz Heilmann letsatsi le letsatsi ya tlhatloga go tswa go ba le mmalwa fela go ya go batho ba ka nna halofo ya milione. Moragonyana ga moo, Heilmann o ne a kopa kgotla gore e phimole taelo eo ya kgotla.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/oddlyEnoughNews/idUSTRE4AI7NB20081119?feedType=RSS&feedName=oddlyEnoughNews&rpc=69 "Lawmaker apologizes for blocking Wikipedia"]. ''Reuters''. November 19, 2008. Retrieved November 20, 2008.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2008, Wikimedia Nederland, kgaolo ya Dutch, e ne ya fenya taelo ya ntlha morago ga gore rakgwebo a golaganngwe mo pegong ya "gagwe" le sekebekwa [[:en:Willem_Holleeder|Willem Holleeder]] mme a batla gore pego eo e phimolwe. Moatlhodi kwa [[:en:Utrecht_(province)|Utrecht]] o ne a dumela polelo ya Wikimedia ya gore ga e na tlhotlheletso mo diteng tsa Wikipedia ya Sedatšhe.<ref>[[wmnl:Wikimedia_Nederland_wint_kort_geding_Sijthoff/en|"Wikimedia Nederland wint kort geding Sijthoff/en – Wikimedia"]]. ''nl.wikimedia.org'' (in Dutch). [https://web.archive.org/web/20230131143955/https://nl.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Nederland_wint_kort_geding_Sijthoff/en Archived] from the original on January 31, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2009, fa radipolotiki wa Mojeremane e bong [[:en:Karl-Theodor_zu_Guttenberg|Karl Theodor Maria Nikolaus Johann Jacob Philipp Franz Joseph Sylvester Buhl-Freiherr von zu Guttenberg]] a ne a nna tona ya puso ya bofederale ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 2009, modirisi yo o sa kwadisiwang o ne a oketsa ka setlhogo sa bolesome le bongwe sa Sejeremane ya ''Wilhelm'' se se filweng ka leina. Dipampiri tsa dikwalo di le dintsi di ne tsa e amogela. Fa batho ba Wikipedia ba ba kelotlhoko ba ne ba leka go tlosa ''Wilhelm'', go fetolwa go ne ga busediwa morago ga go nopolwa makwalo wa dikgang ao. Tsheko e ka go ikanyega ga Wikipedia le babegadikgang ba ba kopololang go tswa mo Wikipedia e ne ya bidiwa ''Falscher Wilhelm'' ("Wilhelm yo sele").<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20101204025315/http://wikimedia.de/fileadmin/wiki/Presse/Pressemitteilungen/pm_Medienkompetenz_1.pdf Wikimedia Deutschland press release"] (PDF). Archived from [http://wikimedia.de/fileadmin/wiki/Presse/Pressemitteilungen/pm_Medienkompetenz_1.pdf the original] (PDF) on December 4, 2010.; [http://futurezone.orf.at/stories/1502467/ ORF Futurezone] [https://web.archive.org/web/20090929010706/http://futurezone.orf.at/stories/1502467/ Archived] 29 September 2009 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Retrieved 27 May 2010.</ref> {| class="wikitable" |+ !Mopolotiki !Phetogo e dirilweng !Motswedi |- |[[:en:Joe_Biden|Joe Biden]], Senator wa Delaware |Go tlosiwa ga tshedimosetso e e neng e sa mo tsenye mo seemong se se siameng. |<ref name=":27">Nate Anderson (January 31, 2006). [https://arstechnica.com/news.ars/post/20060130-6079.html "Congressional staffers edit boss's bio on Wikipedia"]. arstechnica. [https://web.archive.org/web/20081012062850/http://arstechnica.com/news.ars/post/20060130-6079.html Archived] from the original on October 12, 2008. Retrieved June 9, 2014.</ref><ref name=":28">Noguchi, Yuki (February 9, 2006). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/02/08/AR2006020802212.html "Wikipedia's Help From the Hill"]. www.washingtonpost.com. Washington Post. Retrieved February 18, 2026.</ref> |- |[[:en:Conrad_Burns|Conrad Burns]], senator wa Montana |Go tlosiwa ga dipolelo tse di neng di mo nyatsa, mme ga tsenngwa dipolelo tse di mo tlotlang e le “lentswe la molemi.” |<ref name=":28" /><ref>Williams, Walt (November 6, 2025) [February 8, 2006]. [https://www.bozemandailychronicle.com/news/burns-office-may-have-tampered-with-wikipedia-entry/article_2b39cf61-340f-5f5b-9933-3e09f3e2de84.html "Burns' office may have tampered with Wikipedia entry]". [[:en:Bozeman_Daily_Chronicle|Bozeman Daily Chronicle]]. Retrieved February 13, 2007.</ref> |- |[[:en:Norm_Coleman|Norm Coleman]], Senator wa Minnesota |Go kwalwa sešwa ga setlhogo gore se mo tlhagise ka tsela e e siameng, go akaretsa go fetolwa ga lefoko “liberal” ka “activist.” |<ref name=":27" /><ref name=":28" /><ref name=":29">Davis, Matthew (February 9, 2006). [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/4695376.stm "Congress 'made Wikipedia changes'"]. news.bbc.co.uk. BBC News. Retrieved February 18, 2026.</ref> |- |[[:en:Gil_Gutknecht|Gil Gutknecht,]] Puthego ya Minnesota |Badiri ba gagwe ba ne ba kwala setlhogo sešwa mme ba tlosa tshedimosetso ka ga tsotlhe ya letsholo la gagwe la ditlhopho e a neng a sa e diragatse, Go dirwa maiteko a le mmalwa la ntlha ka akhaonto e e nang le leina, mme morago ka aterese ya IP e e sa itsiweng. |Mmueledi wa ga Gutknecht ga a ka a ganetsa gore ofisi ya gagwe e ne ya baakanya setlhogo seo, mme o ne a belaela gore tshedimosetso ya Wikipedia e ka ikanngwa.<ref>Diaz, Kevin (August 16, 2006). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20060821074302/http://www.startribune.com/587/story/618899.html Gutknecht joins Wikipedia tweakers".] Minneapolis-St. Paul Star Tribune. Archived from [http://www.startribune.com/587/story/618899.html the original] on August 21, 2006.</ref> |- |[[:en:Marty_Meehan|Marty Meehan]], Phutego ya Massachusetts |Go emisetswa ga setlhogo ka baekerafi e e kwadilweng ke badiri ba gagwe, go akaretsa go tlosiwa ga tshedimosetso ka ga tsotlhe ya letsholo la gagwe la ditlhopho e a neng a sa e diragatse. |<ref name=":27" /><ref name=":29" /> |} == Metswedi == cc7aw3y2s8z1eex2goh3rt5un491n9i 53589 53576 2026-07-29T21:28:26Z Atsile Edith 11759 Ke senotse tsebe e #Wikipedia25BW 53589 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Wikipedia]], e leng [[:en:Online_encyclopedia|ensaetlopedia ya mo maranyaneng]] e e nang le [[:en:Free_content|diteng tse di sa duelelweng]] e e kwadilweng le go tlhokomelwa ke setšhaba sa baithaopi ba ba bidiwang [[:en:Wikipedians|Wikipedians]], e simolotse ka go [[:en:First_Wikipedia_edit|kwalwa ga yone la ntlha]] ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe (2001), malatsi a mabedi morago ga gore lotshwao loo le kwadisiwe.<ref>[http://whois.domaintools.com/wikipedia.org "Wikipedia.org WHOIS, DNS, & Domain Info – DomainTools"]. ''[[:en:WHOIS|WHOIS]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170417083509/http://whois.domaintools.com/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on April 17, 2017. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone, 2026.</ref> E ne ya gola go tswa mo [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia,]] e leng ensaetlopedia e e rulagantsweng sentle e e sa duelelweng, e le tsela ya go letla go kwalwa ga ditlhogo le dithanolo motlhofo le ka bonako. Ditshegetso tsa maranyane le tsa dikgopolo tsa Wikipedia di tla pele ga seno; kakanyo ya ntlha e e itsiweng ya ensaetlopedia ya maranyane e dirilwe ke [[:en:Rick_Gates_(Internet_pioneer)|Rick Gates]] ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le boraro (1993),<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20120415133700/http://history-computer.com/Internet/Conquering/Wikipedia.html "Wikipedia of Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger"]. History Computer. 2010. Archived from [http://history-computer.com/Internet/Conquering/Wikipedia.html the original] on April 15, 2012. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> mme kgopolo ya ensaetlopedia ya [[:en:Free_as_in_freedom|maranyane e e gololesegileng]] (jaaka e [[:en:Alternative_terms_for_free_software|farologana]] le [[:en:Open_source|motswedi o o bulegileng]] fela)<ref>[https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html#open-source "Philosophy"]. GNU. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131014132149/http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html#open-source Archived] from the original on October 14, 2013. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> e ne ya akanngwa ke [[:en:Richard_Stallman|Richard Stallman]] ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi (1998).<ref name=":1">[[:en:Richard_Stallman|Stallman, Richard]] (1998). [https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia-1998-draft.html "The Free Universal Encyclopedia and Learning Resource (1998 Draft)"]. GNU. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210124065108/https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia-1998-draft.html Archived] from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Kgopolo ya ga Stallman e ne e akaretsa ka tlhamalalo kgopolo ya gore ga go na mokgatlho ope o o botlhokwa o o tshwanetseng go laola go rulaganya. Seno se ne se farologana le diensaetlopedia tsa maranyane tsa motlha oo jaaka [[:en:Encarta|Microsoft Encarta]] le ''[[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica|Encyclopedia Britannica]]''. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe (2001), teseletso ya [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]] e ne ya fetolwa go nna [[:en:GFDL|GFDL,]] mme [[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Jimmy Wales]] le [[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] ba ne ba simolola Wikipedia jaaka lenaneo le le tlaleletsang, ba dirisa [[:en:Wiki|wiki]] ya mo maranyaneng jaaka sedirisiwa sa go kwala ka tirisanommogo.<ref>[http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?WikiHistory "WikiHistory"]. [[:en:WikiWikiWeb|WikiWikiWeb]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20020621221535/http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?WikiHistory Archived] from the original on June 21, 2002. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Le fa kwa tshimologong Wikipedia e ne e akanngwa e le lefelo la go kwala mekwalo le dikgopolo tsa gore kgabagare go baakanngwe Nupedia, e ne ya feta e e neng e le teng pele ga yone ka bonako, ya nna lefelo la go kwala dipego le legae la setlhagiswa sa bofelo se se baakantsweng sa lenaneo la lefatshe lotlhe ka makgolokgolo a dipuo, mme seno sa tlhotlheletsa mefuta e e farologaneng ya [[:en:List_of_wikis|mananeo a mangwe a ditshupiso tsa mo maranyaneng]]. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014), Wikipedia e ne e na le babadi ba ka nna didikadike di le makgolo a mane le masome a ferabongwe le botlhano ka kgwedi.<ref name=":10">[https://www.economist.com/news/international/21597959-popular-online-encyclopedia-must-work-out-what-next-wikipeaks "The future of Wikipedia: WikiPeaks?"]. ''[[:en:The_Economist|The Economist]]''. March 1, 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140408202455/http://www.economist.com/news/international/21597959-popular-online-encyclopedia-must-work-out-what-next-wikipeaks Archived] from the original on April 8, 2014. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015), go ya ka [[:en:ComScore|comScore]], Wikipedia e ne ya amogela baeng ba ba kgethegileng ba feta didikadike di le lekgolo le lesome le botlhano ka kgwedi go tswa kwa United States fela.<ref name=":11">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150317071240/http://www.comscore.com/Insights/Market-Rankings/comScore-Ranks-the-Top-50-US-Digital-Media-Properties-for-January-2015 "comScore Ranks the Top 50 U.S. Digital Media Properties for January 2015"]. comScore. February 24, 2015. Archived from [http://www.comscore.com/Insights/Market-Rankings/comScore-Ranks-the-Top-50-US-Digital-Media-Properties-for-January-2015 the original] on March 17, 2015. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2018), diporojekete tseno di ne tsa bonwa baeng mo tsebeng ba le dibilione di le lesome le botlhano le sephatlo ka kgwedi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200124235329/https://stats.wikimedia.org/v2/#/all-projects "Monthly overview"]. ''Wikimedia statistics''. Wikimedia Foundation. Archived from [[stats:v2/#/all-projects|the original]] on January 24, 2020. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> [[File:First_preserved_Main_Page_of_Wikipedia.jpeg|thumb|Tsebe ya boremelelo ya Wikipedia (Sedimonthole a le malatsi a le masome a mabedi ngwaga wa 2001)]] == Kakaretso ya ditso == === Lemorago === Kgopolo ya go kokoanya kitso ya lefatshe mo lefelong le le lengwe e simolotse kwa [[:en:Library_of_Alexandria|lefelong la go bala la bogologolo la Alexandria]] le [[:en:Library_of_Pergamum|Lefelong la go bala la Pergamo,]] mme go na le dilo tsa bogologolo tse di neng tsa tla pele ga kgopolo ya ensaetlopedia e e akaretsang, [[:en:Natural_History_(Pliny)|ditso tse di jaaka Naturalis]] ya ga [[:en:Pliny_the_Elder|Pliny yo Mogolo]], mme kakanyo ya segompieno ya ensaekolopedia e e akaretsang tsotlhe, e e gatisiwang le go anamisiwa kwa bathong ba le bantsi, e simologile ka [[:en:Denis_Diderot|Denis Diderot]] le baitseanape ba Fora ba lekgolo la lesome le borobabobedi la dingwaga ba ba neng ba kwala diensaekolopedia.<ref>Miloš, Todorović (2018). "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/347489594 From Diderot's Encyclopedia to Wales's Wikipedia: a brief history of collecting and sharing knowledge]". ''Časopis KSIO''. '''1''': 88–102. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.5281/zenodo.3235309|10.5281/zenodo.3235309.]] Retrieved October 20, 2021.</ref> Kgopolo ya go dirisa metšhine e e itirisang go feta [[:en:Printing_press|motšhine o o gatisang]] go aga ensaetlopedia e e mosola thata e ka bonwa mo bukeng ya ga [[:en:Paul_Otlet|Paul Otlet]] ya ngwaga wa 1934 ya ''[[:en:Traité_de_Documentation|Traité de Documentation]]''. Otlet gape o ne a tlhoma [[:en:Mundaneum|Mundaneum]], e leng setheo se se neng se ineetse go dira ditshupane tsa kitso ya lefatshe, ka ngwaga wa 1910. Kgopolo e ya ensaetlopedia e e thusiwang ke motšhini e ne ya atolosiwa go ya pele mo bukeng ya ga [[:en:H._G._Wells|H. G. Wells]] ya ditlhamo" [[:en:World_Brain|''World Brain'']] (ngwaga wa1938) le pono ya ga [[:en:Vannevar_Bush|Vannevar Bush]] ya isago ya [[:en:Memex|Memex]] e e neng e dirisa [[:en:Microfilm|filimi e e bolokang ditshwantso ka bogolo jo bonnye]], e a e tlhalositse mo setlhangweng sa gagwe se se bidiwang "[[:en:As_We_May_Think|As We May Think]]" (ngwaga wa 1945).<ref name=":2">Reagle, Joseph (2010). Good Faith Collaboration. The Culture of Wikipedia. MIT Press. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0262014472|978-0262014472.]] Chapter 2: "The Pursuit of the Universal Encyclopedia".</ref> Phitlhelelo e nngwe e ne e le lenaneo la Xanadu la ga [[:en:Ted_Nelson|Ted Nelson]] ya go tlhama ditlhangwa tse dintsi, e e neng ya simolola ka ngwaga wa 1960.<ref name=":2" /> Tiriso ya baithaopi e ne e le botlhokwa thata mo go direng le go tlhokomeleng Wikipedia. Le fa go ntse jalo, le fa go ne go se na inthanete, mananeo tse dikgolo tse di dingalo tsa mofuta o o tshwanang di ne di dirisitse baithaopi. Ka tlhamalalo, go tlhamiwa ga [[:en:Oxford_English_Dictionary|''Thanodi ya Seesemane ya Oxford'']] go ne ga akanngwa ka puo kwa lefelong la dibuka la London, ka Letsatsi la ga [[:en:Guy_Fawkes_Day|Guy Fawkes]], ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele a tlhola malatsi a le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 1857, ke [[:en:Richard_Chenevix_Trench|Richard Chenevix Trench]]. Go tsere dingwaga di ka nna masome a supa go wediwa. Dr. Trench o ne a akanya ka bukantswe e ntšha e kgolo ya lefoko lengwe le lengwe mo puong ya Seesemane, le go dirisiwa ka puso ya batho le batho le ka kgololesego. Go ya ka mokwadi Simon Winchester, "Go dira thulaganyo e, o ne a re, go ne go feta bokgoni jwa motho ope fela. Go bala dibuka tsotlhe tsa Seesemane – le go sekaseka makwalo a dikgang a London le New York le makwalo a dikgang le buka ya tsotlhe a aitseng go bala le go kwala – go na le moo go tshwanetse ga nna 'tiro e e kopaneng ya batho ba le bantsi.' Go tla tlhokega go thapa setlhopha – mo godimo ga moo, se segolo – se gongwe se nang le makgolokgolo le makgolokgolo a batho ba ba sa duelweng, botlhe ba dira jaaka baithaopi."<ref>Winchester, Simon (1998). ''The Professor and the Madman: A Tale of Murder, Insanity, and the Making of the Oxford English Dictionary''. Harpers, p. 106.</ref> Kgatelopele ya maranyane ya tshedimosetso kwa bofelong jwa lekgolo la masome a mabedi la dingwaga e ne ya dira gore go dirwe diphetogo mo mofuteng wa diensaetlopedia. Le fa diensaetlopedia tsa nako e e fetileng, segolobogolo [[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica|''Encyclopædia Britannica'']], gantsi di ne di theilwe mo dibukeng, [[:en:Encarta|Encarta]] ya Microsoft, e e gatisitsweng ka ngwaga wa 1993, e ne e le teng mo CD-ROM e bile e na le [[:en:Hyperlink|dikgolagano tse dintsi]]. Go tlhamiwa ga [[:en:World_Wide_Web|World Wide Web]] go ne ga dira gore go dirwe maiteko a mantsi a go dira [[:en:Online_encyclopedia|mananeo a ensaetlopedia tsa maranyane]]. Tshitshinyo ya ntlha ya ensaetlopedia ya mo inthaneteng e ne e le [[:en:Interpedia|Interpedia]] ka ngwaga wa1993 ke [[:en:Rick_Gates_(Internet_pioneer)|Rick Gates]];<ref name=":0" /> lenaneo le le ne la swa pele ga e tlhagisa diteng dipe tsa ensaetlopedia. Motshegetsi wa [[:en:Free_software|mananeo a sesupaditlhaka sa mahala]] [[:en:Richard_Stallman|Richard Stallman]] o ne a tlhalosa botlhokwa jwa "Ensaetlopedia ya Lefatshe Lotlhe ya Mahala le Motswedi wa go Ithuta" ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":1" /> Tokomane ya gagwe e e gatisitsweng e ne ya tlhalosa kafa go ka "tlhomamisiwang ka gone gore kgatelopele e tswelela pele go ya kwa dipoelong tse di gaisang le tsa tlholego." Motlhami-mmogo wa Wikipedia e bong Jimmy Wales o ne a bolela gore kgopolo ya Wikipedia e ne ya tla fa e ne e le moithuti wa dialogane kwa [[:en:Indiana_University_Bloomington|Mmadikolong wa Indiana]], koo a neng a kgatlhiwa ke katlego ya [[:en:Open-source_movement|mokgatlho wa motswedi o o bulegileng]] mme a fitlhela [[:en:GNU_Manifesto|Lekwalo la maikelelo le bokgoni la ga Emacs]] wa ga Richard Stallman o o rotloetsang [[:en:Free_software_movement|mananeo a sesupaditlhaka a mahala]] le itsholelo ya go abelana e kgatlhang. Wales gape o akgola tlhamo ya ga moitseanape wa itsholelo wa [[:en:Austrian_School|Sekolo sa Austria]] e bong [[:en:Friedrich_Hayek|Friedrich Hayek]], Polelo ya tlhamo ya "[[:en:The_Use_of_Knowledge_in_Society|Tiriso ya Kitso mo Setšhabeng,]]" e a neng a e bala fa a ne a le moithuti wa pele ga kalogo,<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140930011944/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2006/07/31/know-it-all Know It All - The New Yorker]". ''[[:en:The_New_Yorker|The New Yorker]]''. September 30, 2014. Archived from [http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2006/07/31/know-it-all the original] on September 30, 2014. Retrieved November 7, 2024.</ref> jaaka "e e botlhokwa" mo go akanyeng ga gagwe ka ga "kafa a ka laolang lenaneo la Wikipedia ka gone."<ref>Mangu-Ward, Katherine (May 30, 2007). "[https://reason.com/2007/05/30/wikipedia-and-beyond/ Wikipedia and Beyond]". ''Reason.com''. Retrieved November 7, 2024.</ref> Tlhamo e e gatelela gore [[:en:Dispersed_knowledge|tshedimosetso e kgaogantswe fela ka bongwe]]—gore motho mongwe le mongwe o itse fela karolwana e nnye ya se se itsiweng mmogo, ditshwetso di dirwa botoka ke batho ba ba nang le kitso ya lefelo leo, go na le ke bothati jo bo botlhokwa. Ka nako eo, Wales o ne a ithuta tsa madi mme o ne a kgatlhilwe ke ditlhotlheletso tsa batho ba le bantsi ba ba neng ba ntsha seabe jaaka baithaopi mo go tlhameng mananeo a disupaditlhaka tsa mahala, koo dikai di le dintsi di neng di nna le dipholo tse di molemo thata.<ref>[https://play.acast.com/s/dannyinthevalley/wikipediasjimmywales "Wikipedia's Jimmy Wales: "I have this crazy idea that people will pay for free news]"", Danny in the Valley, January 19, 2018, [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055526/https://play.acast.com/s/dannyinthevalley/wikipediasjimmywales archived] from the original on March 16, 2023, retrieved March 16, 2023 Richard Stallman discussed at 20min, with further Open Source discussion at 16min.</ref> Go ya ka mokwalo wa dikgang w ''[[:en:The_Economist|The Economist]]'', Wikipedia "e simolotse mo tsholofelong ya maranyane e e neng e tlhaola inthanete kwa bokhutlong jwa lekgolo la masome a mabedi la dingwaga. E ne e tshwara gore batho ba ba tlwaelesegileng ba ka dirisa disupa ditlhaka tsa bone jaaka didirisiwa tsa kgololesego, thuto, le go sedimosiwa."<ref>[https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher "Wikipedia is 20, and its reputation has never been higher]". The Economist. January 9, 2021. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0013-0613 0013-0613.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20221231224550/https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher Archived] from the original on December 31, 2022. Retrieved August 29, 2022.</ref> === Go tlhama kgopolo === Wikipedia e ne ya akanyediwa kwa tshimologong jaaka lenaneo la phepo ya [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]] e e neng ya tlhongwa kwa Wales, lenaneo la pelenyana la go tlhagisa ensaetlopedia ya mahala ya inthanete, e e neng ya ithaopela go dira ke [[:en:Bomis|Bomis]], kompone ya dipapatso tsa maranyane e e leng ya ga Jimmy, [[:en:Tim_Shell|Tim Shell]] le [[:en:Michael_E._Davis_(businessman)|Michael E. Davis]]. <ref>[[:en:Marshall_Poe|Poe, Marshall]] (September 2006). "[https://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/ The Hive]". The Atlantic Monthly. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061223004004/http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia Archived] from the original on December 23, 2006. Retrieved March 25, 2007. Wales and Sanger created the first Nupedia wiki on 10 January 2001. The initial purpose was to get the public to add entries that would then be "fed into the Nupedia process" of authorization. Most of Nupedia's expert volunteers, however, wanted nothing to do with this, so Sanger decided to launch a separate site called "Wikipedia". Neither Sanger nor Wales looked on Wikipedia as anything more than a lark. This is evident in Sanger's flip announcement of Wikipedia to the Nupedia discussion list. "Humor me", he wrote. "Go there and add a little article. It will take all of five or ten minutes". And, to Sanger's surprise, go they did. Within a few days, Wikipedia outstripped Nupedia in terms of quantity, if not quality, and a small community developed. In late January, Sanger created a Wikipedia discussion list (Wikipedia-L) to facilitate discussion of the project.</ref><ref name=":3">Sidener, Jonathan (December 6, 2004). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20090221005820/http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20041206/news_mz1b6encyclo.html Everyone's Encyclopedia]". ''[[:en:The_San_Diego_Union-Tribune|The San Diego Union-Tribune]]''. Archived from [http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20041206/news_mz1b6encyclo.html the original] on February 21, 2009. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref><ref name=":4">Sanger, Larry (April 18, 2005). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20090722235956/http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05%2F04%2F18%2F164213&tid=95&tid=149&tid=9 The Early History of Nupedia and Wikipedia: A Memoir – Part] I". Archived from [http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05/04/18/164213&tid=95&tid=149&tid=9 the original] on July 22, 2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061108094801/http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05%2F04%2F19%2F1746205&tid=95 "The Early History of Nupedia and Wikipedia: A Memoir – Part II".] [[:en:Slashdot|Slashdot]]. April 19, 2005. Archived from [http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05/04/19/1746205&tid=95 the original] on November 8, 2006. My initial idea was that the wiki would be set up as part of Nupedia; it was to be a way for the public to develop a stream of content that could be fed into the Nupedia process. I think I got some of the basic pages written—how wikis work, what our general plan was, and so forth—over the next few days. I wrote a general proposal for the Nupedia community, and the Nupedia wiki went live January 10. The first encyclopedia articles for what was to become Wikipedia were written then. It turned out, however, that a clear majority of the Nupedia Advisory Board wanted to have nothing to do with a wiki. Again, their commitment was to rigor and reliability, a concern I shared with them and continue to have. Still, perhaps some of those people are kicking themselves now. They (some of them) evidently thought that a wiki could not resemble an encyclopedia at all, that it would be too informal and unstructured, as the original WikiWikiWeb was (and is), to be associated with Nupedia. They of course were perfectly reasonable to doubt that it would turn into the fantastic source of content that it did. Who could reasonably guess that it would work? But it did work, and now the world knows better.</ref>Nupedia e ne ya tlhongwa mo tirisong ya baithaopi ba ba tshwanelegang le thulaganyo ya go [[:en:Peer_review|sekaseka balekane]] e e nang le dikgato di le dintsi.<ref>Kaplan Andreas, Haenlein Michael (2014) Collaborative projects (social media application): About Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Business Horizons, Volume 57 Issue 5, pp. 617–626</ref> Le fa e ne e na le lenaane la barulaganyi ba ba kgatlhegang ba ba fetang dikete tse pedi, le go nna teng ga ga Sanger jaaka morulaganyi-mogolo wa nako e e tletseng,<ref name=":30">"[[m:My_resignation--Larry_Sanger|My resignation – Larry Sanger – Meta]]". meta.wikimedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230320142105/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/My_resignation--Larry_Sanger Archived] from the original on March 20, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023. I was more or less offered the job of editing Nupedia when I was, as an ABD philosophy graduate student, soliciting Jimbo's (and other friends') advice on a website I was thinking of starting. It was the first I had heard of Jimbo's idea of an open content encyclopedia, and I was delighted to take the job.</ref> go tlhagisiwa ga diteng tsa Nupedia go ne go le bonya thata, ka dipego di le lesome le bobedi fela tse di kwadilweng mo ngwageng wa ntlha.<ref name=":4" /> Ba-Nupedia ba ne ba tlotla ka ditsela tse di farologaneng tsa go tlhama diteng ka bonako.<ref name=":3" /> Di-wiki di ne di dirisitswe gongwe mo boranyaneng go rulaganya kitso,<ref>[https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2013-01-12-chi-archives-aaron-swartz-20130112-story.html "From the archives: Highland Park teen is finalist in web competition]". ''Chicago Tribune''. January 12, 2013. Retrieved August 21, 2023.</ref> mme kgopolo ya tlaleletso e e theilweng mo di-[[:en:Wiki|wiki]] mo Nupedia e ne ya tlholwa ke motlotlo magareng ga Sanger le Ben Kovitz,<ref name=":5">"[http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?BenKovitz Ben Kovitz]". [[:en:WikiWikiWeb|WikiWikiWeb]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070404030625/http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?BenKovitz Archived] from the original on April 4, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007. – see also Ben Kovitz' fuller account which he links from there.</ref><ref name=":6">Moody, Glyn (July 13, 2006). [https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2006/jul/13/media.newmedia "This time, it'll be a Wikipedia written by experts"]. The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070222023201/http://technology.guardian.co.uk/weekly/story/0,,1818630,00.html Archived] from the original on February 22, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007. – While casting around for a way to speed up article production, Sanger met with Kovitz, an old friend, in January 2001. Kovitz introduced Sanger to the idea of the wiki, invented in 1995 by Ward Cunningham: web pages that anyone could write and edit. "My first reaction was that this really could be what would solve the problem," Sanger explains, "because the software was already written, and this community of people on WikiWikiWeb" – the first wiki – "had created something like 14,000 pages". Nupedia, by contrast, had produced barely two dozen articles. Sanger took up the idea immediately: "I wrote up a proposal and sent it [to Wales] that evening, and the wiki was then set up for me to work on." But this was not Wikipedia as we know it. "Originally it was the Nupedia Wiki – our idea was to use it as an article incubator for Nupedia. Articles could begin life on this wiki, be developed collaboratively and, when they got to a certain stage of development, be put into the Nupedia system."</ref><ref name=":7">Sidener, Jonathan (September 23, 2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20071017041126/http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20060923/news_lz1n23wiki.html "Wikipedia co-founder looks to add accountability, end anarchy]". [[:en:The_San_Diego_Union-Tribune|The San Diego Union-Tribune]]. Archived from [http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20060923/news_lz1n23wiki.html the original] on October 17, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007. The origins of Wikipedia date to 2000, when Sanger was finishing his doctoral thesis in philosophy and had an idea for a Web site.</ref> le ke o mongwe magareng ga Wales le Jeremy Rosenfeld.<ref name=":5" /> Kovitz e ne e le motlhami wa diporokeramo tsa khomphiutha mme a nna mo wiki ya ga [[:en:Ward_Cunningham|Ward Cunningham]] e e fetolang wiki go nna "[[:en:WikiWikiWeb|WikiWikiWeb]]". O ne a tlhalosetsa Sanger gore di-wiki ke eng, fa ba ne ba ja dijo tsa maitseboa ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /><ref>Poe, Marshall (September 2006). "[https://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/3 The Hive"]. [[:en:The_Atlantic_Monthly|The Atlantic Monthly]]. p. 3. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061110160718/http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/3 Archived] from the original on November 10, 2006. Retrieved March 25, 2007. – "Over tacos that night, Sanger explained his concerns about Nupedia's lack of progress, the root cause of which was its serial editorial system. As Nupedia was then structured, no stage of the editorial process could proceed before the previous stage was completed. Kovitz brought up the wiki and sketched out 'wiki magic,' the mysterious process by which communities with common interests work to improve wiki pages by incremental contributions. If it worked for the rambunctious hacker culture of programming, Kovitz said, it could work for any online collaborative project. The wiki could break the Nupedia bottleneck by permitting volunteers to work simultaneously all over the project. With Kovitz in tow, Sanger rushed back to his apartment and called Wales to share the idea. Over the next few days, he wrote a formal proposal for Wales and started a page on Cunningham's wiki called 'Wikipedia.'"</ref>Wales o ne a bolela ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2001 gore "Larry o ne a na le mogopolo wa go dirisa maranyane a sesupa ditlhaka sa Wiki" mo bathong ba ba neng ba boregile ka thulaganyo ya Nupedia,<ref name=":31">Wales, Jimmy (October 30, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20140620072830/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2001-October/000671.html LinkBacks]?". Wikimedia. Archived from [[mailarchive:wikipedia-l/2001-October/000671.html|the original]] (Email) on June 20, 2014. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref> mme moragonyana a bolela ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2005 gore Rosenfeld o ne a mo itsise kgopolo ya wiki.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140328235925/http://www.wired.com/techbiz/media/news/2007/05/assignment_zero_citizendium Assignment Zero First Take: Wiki Innovators Rethink Openness]". [[:en:Wired_News|Wired News]]. May 3, 2007. Archived from [https://www.wired.com/techbiz/media/news/2007/05/assignment_zero_citizendium the original] on March 28, 2014. Retrieved November 1, 2007. Wired.com states: "Wales offered the following on-the-record comment in an e-mail to NewAssignment.net editor [and NYU Professor] [[:en:Jay_Rosen|Jay Rosen]] ...' Larry Sanger was my employee working under my direct supervision during the entire process of launching Wikipedia. He was not the originator of the proposal to use a wiki for the encyclopedia project – that was Jeremy Rosenfeld'."</ref> Sanger o ne a akanya gore wiki e tla nna polatefomo e e siameng go e dirisa, mme a tshitshinya mo lenaaneng la go romela la Nupedia gore wiki e e theilweng mo UseModWiki (ka nako eo v. 0.90)e tlhomiwe jaaka lenaneo la "mojesi" ya Nupedia. Ka fa tlase ga setlhogo sa "A re direng wiki", o ne a kwala jaana:<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 10, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414014355/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html Let's make a wiki]". Nupedia mailing list. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Nnyaa, se ga se tshitshinyo e e sa tshwanelang. Ke kakanyo ya go tsenya karolo e nnye mo Nupedia. Jimmy Wales o akanya gore batho ba le bantsi ba ka nna ba fitlhela kgopolo eno e sa amogelesege, mme nna ga ke akanye jalo... Fa e le ka tiriso ya wiki ya Nupedia, eno ke thulaganyo ya BOFELO e e "bulegileng" le e e motlhofo ya go tlhama diteng. Re kile ra buisana gangwe le gape ka megopolo ya diporojeke tse di bonolo, tse di bulegileng thata, tse di ka emelang kgotsa tsa tlaleletsa Nupedia. Go lebega mo go nna gore diwiki di ka dirisiwa ka bonako thata, di tlhoka tlhokomelo e nnye fela, mme ka kakaretso ga di na kotsi e kgolo. Gape di ka nna motswedi o mogolo wa diteng. Ka jalo, ga go na mathata a magolo a a ka nnang teng, go ya ka kafa ke bonang ka teng. Wales e ne ya tlhoma e le nngwe mme ya e tsenya mo maranyaneng ka Laboraro wa kgwedi ya Ferikgong etlhola malatsi a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 2001, ka fa tlase ga karolo ya nupedia.com.<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 10, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030425173342/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html Nupedia's wiki: try it out".] Nupedia mailing list. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html the original] on April 25, 2003.</ref> Se se ne sa sutela kwa wiki e ntšhwa ka fa tlase ga karolo ya wikipedia.com ka kgwedi ya Ferikgonge tlhola malatsia a le lesome le botlhano. Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa, lenaneo la [[:en:GNUPedia|GNUPedia]] la [[:en:Free_Software_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Mananeo a disupa ditlhaka a Mahala]] (FSF) e ne ya tsena mo maranyaneng, e e neng e ka nna ya gaisana le [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]],<ref>"[http://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=9990&threshold=1&commentsort=0&mode=thread&cid=502603 Slashdot Comments | GNUPedia Project Starting]". Slashdot.org. January 17, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220612010030/https://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=9990 Archived] from the original on June 12, 2022. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> mme mo dingwageng di le mmalwa FSF e ne ya rotloetsa batho "go etela le go tsenya letsogo mo [Wikipedia]" boemong jwa seo.<ref>[https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/ "The Free Encyclopedia Project]". GNU.org. 2012 [1999]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121221000617/http://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/ Archived] from the original on December 21, 2012. Retrieved December 20, 2012.</ref> === Go tlhongwa ga Wikipedia === ''Bona gape: [[:en:First_Wikipedia_edit|Tseleganyo ya ntlha ya Wikipedia]], [[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia's_oldest_articles|Wikipedia:Ditlhogo tsa bogologolo tsa Wikipedia]], le [[:en:Wikipedia:First_100_pages|Wikipedia:Ditsebe tsa ntlha di le]]'' ''[[:en:Wikipedia:First_100_pages|lekgolo]]'' Go ne go na le go okaoka mo gare ga barulaganyi ka go bofa Nupedia gaufi thata le kelelo ya tiro ya mofuta wa wiki.<ref name=":4" /> Morago ga gore wiki ya Nupedia e thankgololwe ka fa tlase ga nupedia.com ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 2001,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20030425173342/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html "&#x5B;Nupedia-l&#x5D; Nupedia's wiki: try it out"]. April 25, 2003. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20030425173342/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html the original] on April 25, 2003. Retrieved August 21, 2023.</ref> Wales e ne ya akantshanya go simolola lenaneo le le ntšhwa ka fa tlase ga leina la yone, mme Sanger o ne a akantshanya ''Wikipedia'', a e tlhama jaaka "lenaneo la tlaleletso ya Nupedia e e dirang e e ikemetseng ka nosi gotlhelele."<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 11, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414021138/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html <nowiki>Re: [Advisory-l] The wiki</nowiki>]..." Nupedia mailing list. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Wiki e ntšhwa e ne ya simololwa kwa wikipedia.com ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2001. [[:en:Bandwidth_(computing)|Bophara jwa bogolo jwa kgokaganyo ya maranyane]] le [[:en:Server_(computing)|tsamaiso e e bolokang tshedimosetso]] (e e kwa San Diego) tse di dirisitsweng mo mananeong ao a ntlha di ne tsa neelwa ke Bomis. Badiri ba le bantsi ba pele ba Bomis moragonyana ba ne ba ntsha diteng tsa ensaetlopedia: segolobogolo [[:en:Tim_Shell|Tim Shell]], motlhami-mmogo le moragonyana Mokhuduthamaga wa Bomis, le motlhami wa dithulaganyo Jason Richey. [[Setshwantsho:Jimmy Wales' Mac and the First Wikipedia Edit — "Hello World" (51738433963).jpg|thumb|iMac ya ga Jimmy Wales e ne e dirisiwa go dira tseleganyo ya ntlha mo Wikipedia]] Wales o boletse ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2008 gore o dirile tseleganyo ya ntlha ya Wikipedia, tseleganyo ya teko e e nang le mokwalo o o reng "[[:en:"Hello,_World!"_program|Dumela, Lefatshe]]!", mme se e ka tswa e ne e le mo mofuteng wa bogologolo wa Wikipedia o ka bonako morago ga moo o neng wa phimolwa mme wa emisediwa ka go simolola gape.<ref>Message by Jimmy Wales {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160412003535/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Jimbo_Wales&diff=prev&oldid=258632986|date=12 April 2016}} Wednesday 17 December 2008. Retrieved Saturday 30 January 2010.</ref><ref>Starling, Tim (January 14, 2011). "[[mailarchive:wikien-l/2011-January/108198.html|Hello world]]?". ''WikiEN-l'' (Mailing list). Retrieved June 4, 2022.</ref>Tseleganyo ya ntlha e e neng ya boela mo Wikipedia.com e ne e le ya Tsebe ya Gae ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2001, e e neng e balega jaana "E ke Wikipedia e ntšhwa!"; e ka bonwa [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/908493298|fa]].<ref>Wikipedia's earliest edits were once believed lost, as early [[:en:UseModWiki|UseModWiki]] software deleted data after a month. But on 14 December 2010, [[:en:Tim_Starling|Tim Starling]] found backups on [[:en:SourceForge|SourceForge]] containing every change made to Wikipedia from its creation in January 2001 to 17 August 2001. As of 2019, these were imported into Wikipedia's edit history. Before that, the first edits that had been known were to [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/291430|Wikipedia:UuU]], [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/286342|TransporT]], and [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/11992008|User:ScottMoonen]] on 16 January 2001.</ref> Go nna teng ga lenaneo go ne ga itsisiwe semmuso mme boikuelo jwa gore baithaopi ba nne le seabe mo go tlhameng diteng bo ne jwa dirwa kwa lenaaneng la go romela ka poso la Nupedia ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20030331101007/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000684.html <nowiki>"[Nupedia-l] Wikipedia is up!</nowiki>]". March 31, 2003. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000684.html the original] on March 31, 2003. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Lenaneo le ne la amogela batsayakarolo ba le bantsi ba bašwa morago ga go umakiwa mo lefelong ya maranyane le le naleng tshedimosetso ya [[:en:Slashdot|Slashdot]] ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2001,<ref>"[http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Britannica and Free Content]". Slashdot. July 26, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090114204227/http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Archived] from the original on January 14, 2009.</ref> e setse e umakilwe gabedi ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwo ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref>[http://slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=01/03/02/1422244&tid=99 "Nupedia and Project Gutenberg Directors Answer]". Slashdot. March 5, 2001.</ref><ref>[http://slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=01/03/29/2035230&tid=95 "Everything2 Hits One Million Nodes]". Slashdot. March 29, 2001.</ref> Morago ga moo e ne ya amogela tshupo e e tlhageletseng ya kgang mo lefelong ya maranyane le le naleng tshedimosetso le setso e e rulagantsweng ke baagi ya Kuro5hin, e e rulaganngwang ke setšhaba, e e buang ka maranyane le setso, ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le botlhano.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20011107050810/http://www.kuro5hin.org/story/2001/7/25/103136/121 "Britannica or Nupedia? The Future of Free Encyclopedias]". Kuro5hin. July 25, 2001. Archived from [http://www.kuro5hin.org/story/2001/7/25/103136/121 the original] on November 7, 2001.</ref> Fa gare ga go tsena moo ga batho ba le bantsi, go ne go ntse go na le batho ba le bantsi ba ba neng ba tla go tswa kwa metsweding e mengwe, segolobogolo Google, e e neng e romela makgolokgolo a baeng ba basha mo lefelong e e le nosi letsatsi le letsatsi. [[:en:Mainstream_media|Kgaso ya yone]] [[:en:Mainstream_media|ya bobegakgang]] ya ntlha e kgolo e ne e le mo [[:en:The_New_York_Times|''The New York Times'']] ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref>Meyers, Peter (September 20, 2001). [https://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/20/technology/fact-driven-collegial-this-site-wants-you.html "Fact-Driven? Collegial? This Site Wants You]". The New York Times. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20090415232001/http://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/20/technology/fact-driven-collegial-this-site-wants-you.html Archived] from the original on April 15, 2009. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> === Dikgaogano le go dira gore dilo di nne tsa boditšhabatšhaba === Kwa tshimologong ya tlhabololo ya Wikipedia, e ne ya simolola go atologa kwa mafatsheng a mangwe, ka go tlhamiwa ga [[:en:Namespace|mafelo a masha a maina]], lengwe le lengwe le na le setlhopa se se farologaneng sa [[:en:Username|maina a badirisi]]. [[:en:Subdomain|Karolopotlana]] ya ntlha e e tlhametsweng Wikipedia e e seng ya Seesemane e ne e le [[:en:German_Wikipedia|deutsche.wikipedia.com]] (e e tlhamilweng ka Labotlhano kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2001, mo nakong ya oura e le nngwe le metsotso e le masome a mararo le borobedi kwa morago ga nako ya UTC),<ref>"[[mailarchive:wikipedia-l/2001-March/000049.html|Alternative language Wikipedias]]". Lists. Wikimedia. March 15, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140620120726/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2001-March/000049.html Archived] from the original on June 20, 2014. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> mme morago ga dioura di le mmalwa ya latelwa ke [[:en:Catalan_Wikipedia|catalan.wikipedia.com]] (ka oura ya lesome le boraro le metsotso e le supa mo nakong ya UTC).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20010413083954/http://catalan.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=history&id=HomePage "History of the Catalan Homepage]". Wikipedia. Archived from [https://catalan.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=history&id=HomePage the original] on April 13, 2001. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> [[:en:Japanese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejapane]], e e simolotseng e le nihongo.wikipedia.com, e ne ya tlhamiwa mo pakeng eo,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20010420120143/http://nihongo.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=browse&id=HomePage&revision=3 "Nihongo No Wikipedia: HomePage]". April 20, 2001. Archived from [https://nihongo.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=browse&id=HomePage&revision=3 the original] on April 20, 2001. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20010331173908/http://www.wikipedia.com/ Wikipedia: HomePage]". March 31, 2001. Archived from [https://www.wikipedia.com/ the original] on March 31, 2001. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref>mme kwa tshimologong e ne e dirisa fela [[:en:Romanization_of_Japanese|Sejapane se se fetotsweng sa Seroma]]. Mo dikgweding di ka nna pedi Se-Catalan e ne e le sone se se nang le dipego tse dintsi ka puo e e seng ya Seesemane,<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Multilingual_monthly_statistics_(2001)|Multilingual monthly statistics]]</ref><ref>[https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C3%80bac&oldid=1 "First edition in the Catalan Wikipedia]" (in Catalan). Wikipedia. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201112014959/https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C3%80bac Archived] from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> le fa dipalopalo tsa nako eo ya ntlha di sa nepagala.<ref>This [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Multilingual_monthly_statistics_(2001)&oldid=192353617 table] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210222221921/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3AMultilingual_monthly_statistics_%282001%29&oldid=192353617 Archived] 22 February 2021 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]], for instance, misses Japanese and German articles such as [https://web.archive.org/web/20010421123743/http://nihongo.wikipedia.com/wiki/Nihongo_no_funimekusu this one] and [https://web.archive.org/web/20010411030440/http://deutsche.wikipedia.com/wiki/Nupedia_Deutsch-L_Sektion this one], both dated 6 April 2001.</ref> Wikipedia ya Sefora e tlhamilwe ka kgotsa mo e ka nnang ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome lebongwe ka ngwaga wa 2001,<ref>The [https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikip%C3%A9dia:Historique_de_Wikip%C3%A9dia_en_fran%C3%A7ais&oldid=34816819 Documentation on the French Wikipedia] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210608194149/https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikip%C3%A9dia:Historique_de_Wikip%C3%A9dia_en_fran%C3%A7ais&oldid=34816819 Archived] 8 June 2021 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] mentions the date of 23 March 2001, but this date is not supported by Wikipedia snapshots on the [[:en:Internet_Archive|Internet Archive]], nor by Jason Richey's letter, which was dated 11 May 2001 (see below).</ref> ka lekhubu la diphetolelo tse dišwa tsa puo tse gape di neng di akaretsa [[:en:Chinese_Wikipedia|Setšhaena]], [[:en:Dutch_Wikipedia|Sedatšhe]], [[:en:Esperanto_Wikipedia|Seeseperanto]], [[:en:Hebrew_Wikipedia|Sehebera]], [[:en:Italian_Wikipedia|Sentadiana]], [[:en:Portuguese_Wikipedia|Sepotokisi]], [[:en:Russian_Wikipedia|Serussia]], [[:en:Spanish_Wikipedia|Sepanishe]], le [[:en:Swedish_Wikipedia|Sesweden]].<ref>[[mailarchive:wikipedia-l/2001-May/000116.html|Letter of Jason Richey to wikipedia-l mailing list]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20140620081721/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2001-May/000116.html Archived] 20 June 2014 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] 11 May 2001</ref> Go ise go ye kae dipuo tseno di ne tsa kopanngwa ke [[:en:Arabic_Wikipedia|Searabia]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20011118054300/http://ar.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?HomePage "Homepage from the Internet Archive"]. Wikipedia. Archived from [https://ar.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?HomePage the original] on November 18, 2001. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> le [[:en:Hungarian_Wikipedia|Sehungary]].<ref>[[Wikipedia:Announcements]] May 2001</ref><ref>"[https://www.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=International_Wikipedia&action=history International Wikipedia]". Wikipedia. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa 2001, kitsiso e ne ya solofetsa go ineela mo tlamelong ya dipuo tse dintsi ya Wikipedia,<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Announcements_2001#September_2001|Wikipedia:Announcements 2001]]</ref> e itsise badirisi ka go phatlaldiwa gmo go tlang ga Wikipedias ya dipuo tsotlhe tse dikgolo, go tlhongwa ga maemo a konokono, le go kgaratlhela thanolo ya ditsebe tsa konokono tsa wiki tsa ditsebe tse dišwa tsa wiki. Kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga oo, fa dipalopalo tsa boditšhabatšhaba di ne di simolola go kwalwa la ntlha, go ne ga itsisiwe diphetolelo tsa [[:en:Afrikaans_Wikipedia|Seaforikanse]], [[:en:Norwegian_Wikipedia|Senorway]] le [[:en:Serbian_Wikipedia|Seserbia]].<ref>"[https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:International_wikipedias_statistics International Wikipedias statistics]". [https://web.archive.org/web/20030305012547/http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:International_wikipedias_statistics Wikipedia]. Archived from the original on March 5, 2003. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2002, karolo ya masome a borobabongwe mo lekgolong ya dipego tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia di ne di le ka Seesemane. Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2004, batho ba ba kwa tlase ga karolo ya masome a matlhano mo lekgolong e ne e le Baesemane, mme go dira gore batho ba nne ba boditšhabatšhaba gono go tsweletse go oketsega fa ensaetlopedia e e ntse e gola. Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2014, mo e ka nnang karolo ya masome a borobabobedi le botlhano mo lekgolong ya dipego tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia di ne di le mo mefuteng ya Wikipedia e e seng ya Seesemane.<ref>"[[m:List_of_Wikipedias#Grand_Total|List of Wikipedias – Grand Total (retrieved 2014)]]". Wikimedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20141219233704/http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias#Grand_Total Archived] from the original on December 19, 2014. Retrieved December 20, 2014.</ref> Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2023, Di-Wikipedia tsa Seesemane le tsa Seesemane se se motlhofo di na le dipego di le didikadike di le di le supa fa gare ga tsone, mme mo e ka nnang karolo ya masome a borobabongwe mo lekgolong ya dipego di ne di le mo di-Wikipedia tse e seng tsa Seesemane.<ref name=":12">[[m:List_of_Wikipedias|"List of Wikipedias – Meta]]". meta.wikimedia.org. Retrieved August 21, 2023.</ref> === Tlhabololo ya Wikipedia === [[Setshwantsho:Old Wikipedia.png|thumb|Tsebekgolo ya Wikipedia (Kgwedi ya Lwetse a tlhola malatsi e le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2002)]] Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2002, morago ga go gogelwa morago ga matlole ke Bomis ka nako ya go [[:en:Dot-com_bubble|phutlhama ga dot-com]], Sanger o ne a tlogela Nupedia le Wikipedia ka bobedi.<ref name=":32">Schiff, Stacy (July 31, 2006). "[https://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/060731fa_fact Know It All]". [[:en:The_New_Yorker|The New Yorker.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20081122125817/http://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/060731fa_fact Archived] from the original on November 22, 2008. Retrieved April 25, 2009.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2002, ene le Wales ba ne ba sa tshwane ka dikgopolo tsa bone tsa gore ba ka laola jang diensaetlopedia tse di bulegileng sentle. Bobedi jwa bone ba ne ba sa ntse ba tshegetsa kgopolo ya tirisanommogo e e bulegileng, mme ba ne ba sa dumalane ka gore ba ka tshwara jang barulaganyi ba ba kgoreletsang, dikarolo tse di rileng tsa baitseanape, le tsela e e molemolemo ya go kaela porojeke gore e atlege. Wales o ne a tswelela go tlhoma go ipusa le go ikaela [[:en:Business_development|go tswa kwa tlase go ya kwa godimo]] ke barulaganyi mo Wikipedia. O ne a tlhalosa sentle gore ga a kitla a nna le seabe mo tsamaisong ya letsatsi le letsatsi ya morafe, mme o tlaa o rotloetsa go ithuta go itaola le go ipatlela mekgwa e e gaisang. Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2007, Wales e ne ya lekanyetsa seabe sa gagwe thata go ntsha ditshwaelo tsa nako le nako mo dikgannyeng tse di masisi, tiro ya bokhuduthamaga, go buelela kitso, le go rotloetsa diporojeke tse di tshwanang tsa ditshupiso. Sanger o rile ke "moakaretsi" mme o bulegile mo e ka nnang sengwe le sengwe,<ref>Anderson, Nate (February 25, 2007). [https://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars/3 "Citizendium: building a better Wikipedia"]. Ars Technica. [https://web.archive.org/web/20081020001720/http://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars/3 Archived] from the original on October 20, 2008. Retrieved October 22, 2011.</ref> mme a tshitshinya gore baitseanape ba santse ba na le lefelo mo lefatsheng la [[:en:Web_2.0|Web 2.0.]] Ka ngwaga wa 2006 o ne a tlhoma [[:en:Citizendium|Citizendium]], e leng ensaetlopedia e e bulegileng e e neng e dirisa maina a mmatota a batsayakarolo go fokotsa go tseleganya go go kgoreletsang, mme a solofela go tlhofofatsa "kaelo e e bonolo ya baitseanape" go oketsa go nepagala ga diteng tsa yone. Ditshwetso ka ga diteng tsa pego di ne di tshwanetse go nna mo diatleng tsa baagi, mme lefelo le ne le tshwanetse go akaretsa polelo ka ga "diteng tse di siametseng lelapa".<ref>[http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/CZ:Family-Friendly_Policy "Archive: Family-Friendly Policy – Citizendium]". en.citizendium.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20101120030154/http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/CZ:Family-Friendly_Policy Archived] from the original on November 20, 2010. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>Anderson, Nate (February 25, 2007). [https://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars "Citizendium: building a better Wikipedia"]. Ars Technica. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070324225040/http://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars Archived] from the original on March 24, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref> === Diteng tsa nako e e fetileng tsa Wikipedia === Dipego tsa bogologolo, le tse di sa tlholeng di dirisiwa, tsa ensaetlopedia di botlhokwa thata mo dipatlisisong tsa ditso .<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20210126035016/https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/12/encyclopedias-are-time-capsules/419619/ Encyclopedias Are Time Capsules – The Atlantic]". [[:en:The_Atlantic|The Atlantic]]. January 26, 2021. Archived from [https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/12/encyclopedias-are-time-capsules/419619/ the original] on January 26, 2021. Retrieved June 25, 2022.</ref> Mo pegong nngwe le nngwe ya Wikipedia, mefuta e e fetileng e ka fitlhelelwa ka kgokagano ya "Leba ditso" e e kwa godimo ga tsebe. Ditso tse di feletseng tsa dipego tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia le tsone di ka laisololwa jaaka [[:en:Wikipedia:Database_download|dithotobolo tsa tshedimosetso]], ka sebopego sa difaele tsa [[:en:XML|XML]] tse di gateletsweng.<ref>Koehrsen, Will (October 26, 2018). [https://medium.com/towards-data-science/wikipedia-data-science-working-with-the-worlds-largest-encyclopedia-c08efbac5f5c "Wikipedia Data Science: Working with the World's Largest Encyclopedia"]. ''Towards Data Science''. Retrieved February 4, 2025.</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, Polokelo ya Faele ya ZIM,<ref name=":8">[[iarchive:zimarchive|"ZIM File Archive: Free Data: Free Download, Borrow and Streaming]]". Internet Archive. Retrieved June 25, 2022.</ref> kwa [[:en:Internet_Archive|Polokelong ya Maranyane]], e na le dinepe tse di feletseng tsa nako e e fetileng tsa Wikipedia mmogo le ditlhopho tsa dipego, ka dipuo tse dintsi, go tswa mo dingwageng tse di farologaneng. Di ka bulwa ka mananeo a maranyane a [[:en:Kiwix|Kiwix]]. Magareng ga dingwaga tsa 2007 le 2011, go ne ga gololwa [[:en:History_of_Wikipedia#English_Wikipedia_CD/DVD/Kiwix_ZIM_file_releases|mefuta e meraro ya]] [[:en:History_of_Wikipedia#English_Wikipedia_CD/DVD/Kiwix_ZIM_file_releases|polokelo ya CD/DVD]] (e e bidiwang Mofuta wa Wikipedia 0.5, 0.7 le 0.8) e e nang le tlhopho ya dipego go tswa mo [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]]. Di ne tsa nna teng jaaka difaele tsa Kiwix ZIM, go tswa mo Polokelong ya Difaele tsa ZIM<ref name=":8" /> le go tswa mo lefelong la go laisolola ya Kiwix.[70] === Phetogo ya letshwao === [[Setshwantsho:Old wikipedia logo.png|left|thumb|Go tlhongwa – kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2001 (teko)]] <gallery mode="packed"> Setshwantsho:Wiki logo The Cunctator.png|Bofelo jwa ngwaga wa 2001 go ya kwa kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a lesome le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2003 Setshwantsho:Wikipedia-logo-v3-en.png|Kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2003 go ya kwa kgweding ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2010 Setshwantsho:Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg|Kgwedi wa Motsheganong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2010 – ga jaana </gallery> == Molanako == ''Dipego tse di sobokanyang ngwaga le ngwaga di tshwarwa mo teng ga lefelo la maina a lenaneo la Wikipedia mme di golaganngwa le tse di fa tlase. Didirisiwa tse dingwe tsa patlisiso di teng mo teng ga dipalo le dipolokelo tsa Wikipedia, mme di kwadilwe kwa bokhutlong jwa pego eo.'' === Ngwagasome wa ntlha: Ngwaga wa 2000 go ya kwa ngwageng wa 2009 === ==== Ngwaga wa 2000 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Bomis-staff-summer-2000.jpg|thumb|Babereki ba Bomis magareng ga dingwaga tsa 2000]] Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2000, lenaneo la [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]] le ne la simololwa. Maikaelelo a yone e ne e le go gatisa dipego tse di kwadilweng ke baitseanape tse di neng di tla fiwa tetla jaaka [[:en:Free_content|diteng tsa mahala]]. Nupedia e tlhomilwe ke Wales, a nale Sanger e le morulaganyi-mogolo, mme e tshegeditswe ka matlole ke kompone ya papatso ya boranyane ya [[:en:Bomis|Bomis]].<ref>Poe, Marshall (September 2006). "[https://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/ The Hive]". [[:en:The_Atlantic|The Atlantic]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061223004004/http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia Archived] from the original on December 23, 2006. Retrieved January 1, 2007.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2001 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2001, Wikipedia e ne ya simolola e le lenaneo le le kwa thoko ya Nupedia, go letla tirisanommogo mo dipegong pele ga go tsena mo thulaganyong ya tshekatsheko ya balekane.<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 10, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414014355/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html Let's make a wiki"]. Nupedia-l mailing list. Internet Archive. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Leina le le ne la ntshiwa e le kakanyo ke Sanger ka la bo kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le le lesome le bongwe ka ngwaga wa 2001 jaaka [[:en:Portmanteau|kopano ya mafoko]] ''[[:en:Wiki|wiki]]'' ([[:en:Hawaiian_language|Sehawaiian]] a a kayang "bofefo") le ''ensaetlopedia''.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414021138/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html <nowiki>"[Nupedia-l] Re: [Advisory-l] The wiki</nowiki>]..." nupedia.com. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20030414021138/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Maina a kgolagano ya karolo a ''wikipedia.com'' le ''wikipedia.org'' a ne a kwadisiwa ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bobedi <ref>[[:en:Network_Solutions|Network Solutions]] (2007) [http://www.networksolutions.com/whois/results.jsp?domain=wikipedia.com WHOIS domain registration information results for wikipedia.com from Network Solutions] Archived 27 September 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Retrieved 27 July 2007.</ref> le a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro,<ref>[[:en:Network_Solutions|Network Solutions]] (2007). [http://www.networksolutions.com/whois/results.jsp?domain=wikipedia.org "WHOIS domain registration information results for wikipedia.org from Network Solutions] [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927194913/http://www.networksolutions.com/whois/results.jsp?domain=wikipedia.org Archived] 27 September 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]". Retrieved 27 July 2007.</ref> ka go latelana, mme ''wikipedia.org'' e ne ya tsenngwa mo maranyaneng ka lone letsatsi leo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20101006010812/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page "Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20101006010812/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page Archived] from the original on October 6, 2010. Retrieved September 6, 2010.</ref> Lenaneo le ne la bulwa semmuso ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano("[[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Day|Letsatsi la Wikipedia"]]), ka di-Wikipedia tsa ntlha tsa boditšhabatšhaba – dikgatiso tsa Sejeremane, [[:en:Catalan_language|Se-Catalan]], Sefora, [[:en:Swedish_language|Se-Sweden]], le Se-italia– tse di neng tsa tlhamiwa fa gare ga dikgwedi tsa Mopitlo le Motsheganong. Melawana ya "ntlha ya pono e e sa tseyeng letlhakore" ([[:en:Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view|NPOV]]) e ne ya tlhamiwa semmuso ka nako eno, mme lekhubu la ntlha la Wikipedia la [[:en:Slashdot_effect|slashdotter]] le ne la goroga ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le maosme a mabedi le borataro.<ref>"[http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Britannica and Free Content]". Slashdot. July 26, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090114204227/http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Archived] from the original on January 14, 2009.</ref> Pegelo ya ntlha ya bobegakgang ka ga Wikipedia e ne ya tlhagelela ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga 2001 mo mokwalong wa dikgang ywa [[:en:Western_Mail_(Wales)|''Wales ka Sontaga'']].<ref>[[:en:Western_Mail_(Wales)|Wales on Sunday]] (26 August 2001) Knowledge at your fingertips. Game On: Internet Chat.(writing, "Both Encarta and Britannica are official publications with well-deserved reputations. But there are other options, such as homemade encyclopaedias. One is Wikipedia (www.wikipedia.com) which uses clever software to build an encyclopaedia from scratch. Wiki is software installed on a web server that allows anyone to edit any of the pages. On Wikipedia, anyone can write about any subject they know about. The idea is that over time, enough experts will offer their knowledge for free and build up the world's ultimate hand-built database of knowledge. The disadvantage is that it's still an ongoing project. So far about 8,000 articles have been written and the editors are aiming for 100,000.")</ref> [[:en:September_11_attacks|Ditlhaselo tsa kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bongwe]] di ne tsa dira gore go tlhagelele dikgang tse di botlhokwa mo tsebeng ya gae, mmogo le mabokoso a tshedimosetso a a golaganyang dipego tse di amanang le tsone.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20011010233257/http://www.wikipedia.com/ October 2001 homepage screenshot] shows the "Breaking News" header up top, as well as 11 September 2001 block of articles under "Current events"; the [https://web.archive.org/web/20011010230439/http://www.wikipedia.com/wiki/September_11%2C_2001_Terrorist_Attack 9/11] page shows the activist nature of the page, as well as the large number of subtopics created to cover the event.</ref> Ka nako eo, go ne go setse go tlhamilwe dipego di ka nna lekgolo tse di amanang le 9/11 .<ref>Keegan, Brian (November 17, 2020). [https://slate.com/technology/2020/11/wikipedia-september-11-breaking-news.html "How 9/11 Made Wikipedia What It Is Today]". Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210506060557/https://slate.com/technology/2020/11/wikipedia-september-11-breaking-news.html Archived] from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved May 10, 2021.</ref> Morago ga ditlhaselo tsa kgwedi ya Lwetse a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bongwe, go ne ga tlhaga kgokagano ya setlhogo sa Wikipedia se se buang ka ditlhaselo tseno mo [[:en:Yahoo!|Yahoo!]] tsebe ya gae, mme seno sa felela ka gore go nne le koketsego ya pharakano.<ref>Pasternack, Alex (September 11, 2021). [https://www.fastcompany.com/90674998/how-9-11-turned-a-new-site-called-wikipedia-into-historys-crowdsourced-front-page "How 9/11 turned a new site called Wikipedia into history's crowdsourced front page".] Fast Company. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210911121514/https://www.fastcompany.com/90674998/how-9-11-turned-a-new-site-called-wikipedia-into-historys-crowdsourced-front-page Archived] from the original on September 11, 2021. Retrieved September 11, 2021.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2002 ==== Ngwaga wa 2002 e ne ya bona go fokodiwa ga matlole a Wikipedia go tswa go [[:en:Bomis|Bomis]] le go tsamaya ga ga Sanger. Go ne ga nna le go [[:en:Fork_(software_development)|kgaogana]] ga [[:en:Spanish_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sepanishe]], ka go tlhongwa ga [[:en:Enciclopedia_Libre|''Encyclopedia Libre'']]. Jimmy Wales o netefaditse gore Wikipedia ga e kitla e tsamaisa papatso ya kgwebo. Maranyane a sesupaditshwantsho a ntlha a a rwalegang a [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]] a ne a simolola go dira ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsia le masome a matlhano. Go ne ga tlhagisiwa diroboto. Lenaneo la ntlha la kgaitsadi ([[:en:Wiktionary|Wiktionary]]) le [[:en:Manual_of_Style|Bukana ya]] [[:en:Manual_of_Style|mokgwa]] ya ntlha ya semmuso di ne tsa thankgololwa. Batshwaedi ba ka nna makgolo a mabedi ba ne ba tseleganya Wikipedia letsatsi le letsatsi.<ref>Singer, Michael (January 16, 2002). [https://web.archive.org/web/20030316082912/http://siliconvalley.internet.com/news/article.php/3531_956641 "Free Encyclopedia Project Celebrates Year One]". [[:en:Mecklermedia|''Jupitermedia'']]. Archived from [http://siliconvalley.internet.com/news/article.php/3531_956641 the original] on March 16, 2003.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2003 ==== [[Setshwantsho:2003-08-31 English Wikipedia main page.svg|thumb|Tsebekgolo ya Wikipedia (kgwedi ya Phatwe ngwaga wa 2003)]] Wikipedia ya Seesemane e fetile dipego di le dikete tse lekgolo ka ngwaga wa 2003, fa kgatiso e e latelang e kgolo go gaisa, Wikipedia ya Sejeremane, e fetile di le dikete tse lesome. [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] o ne wa tlhongwa. Wikipedia e amogetse letshwao la yone la lefatshe la jigsaw. Difomula tsa dipalo tse di dirisang [[:en:TeX|TeX]] di ne tsa tsenngwa gape mo lefelong la tshedimosetse. [[:de:Wikipedia:Stammtisch München/Archiv/2003|Kopano ya ntlha ya loago ya Wikipedia]] e ne ya tshwarelwa kwa lefelong la [[:en:Munich|Munich]], kwa lefatsheng la Germany, ka Phalane. Melaometheo ya motheo ya tsamaiso ya [[:en:Wikipedia:ArbCom|Katlholo le komiti ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] ("ArbCom") e ne ya tlhamiwa. [[:en:Wikisource|Wikisource]] e ne ya tlhamiwa jaaka lenaneo le le farologaneng ka kgwedi ya Ngwanaitseele a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bone ka ngwaga wa 2003, go amogela metswedi ya mahala ya mafoko jaaka maikaelelo a yone mo dipuong tse dintsi le dithanolo. ==== Ngwaga wa 2004 ==== Letamo la dipego tsa Wikipedia lefatshe ka bophara le ne la tswelela go gola ka bonako ka ngwaga wa 2004, la menagana gabedi ka bogolo mo dikgweding di le lesome le bobedi, go tswa mo dipegong tse di ka fa tlase ga dikete tse makgolo a matlhano kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2003 go ya ko go tse di fetang sedikadike se le sengwe ka dipuo tse di fetang lekgolo kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2004. Dipego tsa Seesemane fela tsa Wikipedia tse di ne tsa dira gore go nne le dipego tse di ka fa tlase ga dikete tse makgolo a matlhano. Dipolase tsa disefara tsa lefelo la tshedimosetso di ne tsa fudusiwa go tswa kwa California go ya kwa Florida. [[:en:Wikipedia:Categories|Ditlhopha]] le dipampiri tsa thulaganyo ya mokgwa wa [[:en:CSS|CSS]] di ne tsa tlhagisiwa. Maiteko a ntlha a go thibela Wikipedia a ne a diragala, ka lefelo la tshedimosetso le ne la thibelwa kwa China dibeke di le pedi ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo. Ditlhopho tsa semmuso di ne tsa simolola tsa boto ya mokgatlho, le Komiti ya Katlholo mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane. Kgaolo ya ntlha ya bosetšhaba ya Motheo, e leng [[:en:Wikimedia_Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]], e ne ya amogelwa. Kopano, ya ntlha ya loago kwa United States e ne ya tshwarelwa kwa [[:en:Boston|Boston]], [[:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/Boston1|ka kgwedi ya Phukwi]]. [[:en:Wikimedia_Commons|Wikimedia Commons]] e tlhamilwe ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola letsatsi le supa ka ngwaga wa 2004 go amogela difaele tsa media tsa Wikipedia ka dipuo tsotlhe. Bourgeois v. Peters,<ref name=":9">"[https://web.archive.org/web/20121221140312/http://www.ca11.uscourts.gov/opinions/ops/200216886.pdf 387 F.3d 1303]" (PDF). Archived from [http://www.ca11.uscourts.gov/opinions/ops/200216886.pdf the original] (PDF) on December 21, 2012. Retrieved November 19, 2013.</ref> (11th Cir. 2004), tsheko ya kgotlatshekelo e e neng ya swetswa ke [[:en:United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eleventh_Circuit|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo ya United States ya Potologo ya Bolesome le bongwe]] e ne e le nngwe ya dikgopolo tsa ntlha tsa kgotlatshekelo go nopola le go nopola Wikipedia.<ref>Peoples, Lee (January 2010). [http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1055&context=yjolt "The Citation of Wikipedia in Judicial Opinions]". Yale Journal of Law and Technology. 12 (1). [https://web.archive.org/web/20150224051512/http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1055&context=yjolt Archived] from the original on February 24, 2015.</ref> E ne ya bolela jaana: "Gape re gana kgopolo ya gore maemo a kgakololo ya matshosetsi a Lephata la Tshireletso ya Naga ka tsela nngwe a siametse dipatlisiso tseno. Le fa maemo a matshosetsi a ne a 'tlhatlositswe' ka nako ya boipelaetso, 'go fitlha ga jaana, maemo a matshosetsi a ntse a le mo mmala o mosetlha (a tlhatlositswe) go ya go mmala wa lamune mo bontsing jwa nako e e fetileng. makgetlo a le mantsi.'"<ref name=":9" /> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabongwe, Wikipedia e ne ya fetola letlalo la yone la thulaganyetsoruri go tswa go [[mw:Skin:Standard|Tlwaelo]] go ya go [[mw:Skin:MonoBook|MonoBook]], segokaganyi se se neng sa nna sa thulaganyo ya ruri mo mafelong a tshedimosetso a Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref>"[[mw:Skin:MonoBook|MonoBook]]". MediaWiki. Retrieved April 30, 2026.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2005 ==== Ka ngwaga wa 2005, Wikipedia e ne ya nna lefelo la tshedimosetso le le ratiwang thata ya ditshupiso mo maranyaneng, go ya ka [[:en:Hitwise|Hitwise]], ka Wikipedia ya Seesemane e le nosi e e fetang dipego di le dikete di le makgolo a supa le botlhano. Dikgoro tsa ntlha tsa Wikipedia tsa dipuo tse dintsi le tsa dirutwa di ne tsa tlhongwa ka ngwaga wa 2005. Kokoanyo ya semmuso ya madi e e neng ya tshwarwa mo kotareng ya ntlha ya ngwaga e ne ya kokoanya mo e ka nnang di dolara tsa lefatshe la Amerika di le dikete tse lekgolo ya go tlhabolola tsamaiso go samagana le tlhokego e e golang. China e ne ya thibela Wikipedia gape ka kgwedi ya Phalane ngwaga wa 2005. Matlhabisaditlhong a ntlha a magolo a Wikipedia, [[:en:Seigenthaler_incident|tiragalo ya ga Seigenthaler]], a diragetse ka ngwaga wa 2005 fa go ne go fitlhelwa gore motho yo o itsegeng thata o na le mokwalo wa botshelo jwa motho jo bo sentsweng jo bo neng bo sa lemogiwe dikgwedi di le dintsi. Morago ga matshwenyego ano le a mangwe,<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons|WP:BLP]] was started on 17 December 2005, with the narrative "I started this due to the Daniel Brandt situation". [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons&oldid=31753956 Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210609020908/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons&oldid=31753956 Archived] 9 June 2021 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]</ref> go ne ga tlhongwa diphetogo tsa ntlha tsa melawana le tsa tsamaiso tse di neng di diretswe ka tlhamalalo go lwantsha mofuta ono wa kgokgontsho. Tse di ne di akaretsa ntšhwafatso e ntšhwa ya molawana wa tshiamelo ya [[m:CheckUser policy|Checkuser]] go thusa mo dipatlisisong tsa [[:en:Sockpuppet_(Internet)|dipopae tsa dikausu]], karolo e ntšhwa e e bidiwang tshireletso ye seng botlalo, molawan o o gagametseng thata wa dibuka tsa botshelo jwa batho ba ba tshelang, le go tshwaya dipego tse di ntseng jalo gore di sekasekwe ka tsela e e gagametseng. Thibelo ya go tlhama dipego tse dišwa go badirisi ba ba kwadisitsweng e ne ya tsenngwa tirisong fela ka kgwedi ya Sedimontholeka ngwaga wa 2005 mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane.<ref>Terdiman, Daniel. "[https://www.cnet.com/culture/growing-pains-for-wikipedia/ Growing pains for Wikipedia"]. CNET. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055529/https://www.cnet.com/culture/growing-pains-for-wikipedia/ Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Wikimania ya ngwaga wa 2005, e leng bokopano jwa ntlha jwa [[:en:Wikimania|Wikimania]], e ne ya tshwarwa go tloga ka letsatsi la bone go fitlha ka letsatsi la borobabobedi ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2005 kwa ''Haus der Jugend'' kwa [[:en:Frankfurt|Frankfurt]], mme ya ngoka batho ba ka nna makgolo a le mararo le masome a borobabobedi ba ba neng ba le teng. ==== Ngwaga wa 2006 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikimania - the Wikimentary.webm|thumb|Wikimania – Tokomane ya Wikimania, filimi e e buang ka Wikimania ngwaga wa 2005, e e nang le [[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Jimmy Wales]] le [[:en:Ward_Cunningham|Ward Cunningham]]]] Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona pego ya yone ya bo ikadike, [[:en:Jordanhill_railway_station|seteišene sa terena sa Jordanhill]], ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo a tlhola letsatsi ,ka ngwaga wa 2006.<ref>Simon, Matt (March 1, 2012). [https://www.wired.com/2012/03/march-1-2006-english-wikipedias-millionth-entry-pulls-into-the-station/https://www.wired.com/2012/03/march-1-2006-english-wikipedias-millionth-entry-pulls-into-the-station/ "March 1, 2006: English Wikipedia's Millionth Entry Pulls Into the Station]". [[:en:Wired_(magazine)|Wired]]. Retrieved April 1, 2024.</ref><ref>Lemon, Sumner (March 2, 2006)[https://www.computerworld.com/article/2563140/millionth-english-article-posted-on-wikipedia.html . "Millionth English article posted on Wikipedia"]. [[:en:Computerworld|''Computerworld'']]. Retrieved April 1, 2024.</ref> Tlhopho ya ntlha ya pego ya Wikipedia e e amogetsweng e ne ya dirwa gore e kgone go laisololwa mahala, mme "Wikipedia" e ne ya kwadisiwa jaaka letshwaokgwebo la Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia. [[:en:United_States_congressional_staff_edits_to_Wikipedia|Matlhabisa ditlhong a]] [[:en:United_States_congressional_staff_edits_to_Wikipedia|mokwalo wa botshelo jwa motho ya bathusi ba phutego]]– ditiragalo tse dintsi tse mo go tsona badiri ba phutego le motsamaisi wa letsholo ba neng ba tshwarwa ba leka go fetola botshelo jwa motho ya Wikipedia ka ha sephiring – a ne a lemogiwa ke setšhaba, mme se sa dira gore motsamaisi wa letsholo a tlogele tiro. Le fa go ntse jalo, Wikipedia e ne ya tsewa e le nngwe ya matshwaokgwebo a matlhano a a kwa godimo a lefatshe ka bophara a ngwaga wa 2006.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070321033410/http://www.brandchannel.com/start1.asp?fa_id=352 "brandchannel.com | branding news]". March 21, 2007. Archived from [http://www.brandchannel.com/start1.asp?fa_id=352 the original] on March 21, 2007. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Jimmy Wales o ne a supa kwa [[:en:Wikimania_2006|Wikimania]] [[:en:Wikimania_2006|wa ngwaga wa 2006]] gore Wikipedia e fitlheletse bogolo jo bo lekaneng mme a kopa gore go gatelelwa boleng, gongwe se se tlhagisitsweng sentle mo pitsong ya [[:en:Wikipedia:100,000_feature-quality_articles|dipego di le dikete tse lekgolo tsa boleng jwa dikarolo]]. Go ne ga tlhamiwa tshiamelo e ntšhwa, "botlhokomedi", e e letlang mefuta e e rileng ya ditsebe tse di bolokilweng tse di nang le diteng tse di sa amogelesegeng go tshwaiwa jaaka tse di sa bonweng. Tshireletso e e seng kalo kgatlhanong le tshenyo e e sa itsiweng, e e neng ya tlhagisiwa ka ngwaga wa 2005, e ne ya itshupa e ratwa thata go feta ka fa go neng go solofetswe ka teng, ka ditsebe di feta dikete tse di neng tsa sirelediwa ka bontlhabongwe ka nako epe fela ka ngwaga wa 2006. ==== Ngwaga wa 2007 ==== Wikipedia e ne ya tswelela go gola ka bonako ka ngwaga wa 2007, e na le diakhaonto tsa barulaganyi tse di kwadisitsweng di feta didikadike di le tlhano ka kgwedi ya Phatwe a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro.<ref>See the special page: [[:en:Special:Statistics|Special:Statistics]]: 5,078,036 registered user accounts as of 13 August 2007, excluding anonymous editors who have not created accounts.</ref> Dikgatiso tsa dipuo di le makgolo a mabedi le botlhano tsa Wikipedia di ne di na le palogotlhe e e kopantsweng ya dipego di le didikadike di le supa ntlha tlhano e leng palogotlhe ya mafoko a le didikadike di le bongwe ntlha supa le bone, ka kgwedi ya Phatwe a tlhola a malatsi a le lesome le boraro .<ref>Source: [[:en:Wikipedia:Size_comparisons|Wikipedia:Size comparisons]] as of 13 August 2007</ref> Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona dipego ka selekanyo se se tlhomameng sa di le sekete se le sengwe le makgolo a supa ka letsatsi,<ref>From around Q3 2006 Wikipedia's growth rate has been approximately linear, source: [[:en:Wikipedia:Statistics|Wikipedia:Statistics]] – new article count by month 2006–2007.</ref> ka leina la kgolagano ya karolo la wikipedia.org le le mo maemong a bo lesome a a naleng ditiro tse dintsi mo lefatsheng. Wikipedia e ne ya tswelela go bonala [[:en:Category:Wikipedia_publicity|mo bobegakgannyeng]] – [[:en:Essjay_controversy|kganetsano ya ga Essjay]] e ne ya runya fa leloko le le tlhageletseng la Wikipedia le ne le fitlhelwa le buile maaka ka dintlha tsa gagwe tsa boitshupo. [[:en:Citizendium|Citizendium]], e leng ensaetlopedia e e gaisanang ya mo maranyaneng, e ne ya thankgololwa phatlalatsa. Tlwaelo e ntšhwa e ne ya tlhagelela mo Wikipedia, ka ensaetlopedia e e neng e bua le batho ba go itsege ga bone go neng go tswa mo go nneng motsayakarolo mo kgannyeng ya dikgang ka go oketsa kaelo go tswa mo leineng la bone go ya kwa kgannyeng e kgolo, go na le go tlhama pego e e tlhaolegileng ya mokwalo wa botshelo jwa motho.[<ref>e.g., cases such as [[:en:Crystal_Mangum|Crystal Mangum]] and Daniel Brandt.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2007, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona pego ya yone ya didikadike di le pedi, [[:en:El_Hormiguero|''El Hormiguero'']].<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20170708005830/https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Press_releases/Wikipedia_Reaches_2_Million_Articles English Wikipedia Reaches 2 Million Articles"]. [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]]. September 9, 2007. Archived from [[foundationsite:wiki/Press_releases/Wikipedia_Reaches_2_Million_Articles|the original]] on July 8, 2017. Retrieved June 3, 2012.</ref> Go ne ga nna le kganetsano nngwe kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2007 fa [[:en:Volapük_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Volapük]] e ne e tlola go tswa ko dipegong di le makgolo a supa, masome a borobabongwe le bosupa go ya go feta dikete tse lekgolo le bongwe le dikete tse pedi, ka bokhutshwane ya nna kgatiso ya bo lesome le botlhano e kgolo go gaisa tsotlhe ya Wikipedia, ka ntlha ya go tlhamiwa ga ditlhogo tse di itirisang ke motlhoafaledi wa puo e e agilweng ya [[:en:Volapük|Volapük]]<ref>"[http://www.pcworld.pl/artykuly/56502/MySpace.kontra.Facebook.html#t_34252 Ciekawe wydarzenia w Internecie]". PC World (Polish) (in Polish). December 1, 2007. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131106024950/http://www.pcworld.pl/artykuly/56502/MySpace.kontra.Facebook.html#t_34252 Archived] from the original on November 6, 2013. Retrieved April 26, 2013.</ref><ref>Yves Nevelsteen (September 15, 2007). [http://www.liberafolio.org/2007/volapukapedio "Volapuko jam superas Esperanton en Vikipedio"]. Libera Folio (in Esperanto). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130329091247/http://www.liberafolio.org/2007/volapukapedio Archived] from the original on March 29, 2013. Retrieved April 26, 2013.</ref>. Go ya ka [[:en:MIT_Technology_Review|''MIT Technology Review,'']] palo ya barulaganyi ba ba tlhagafetseng ka bontsi jwa dinako mo Wikipedia ya puo ya Seesemane e ne ya fitlha kwa setlhoeng ka ngwaga wa 2007 go feta dikete tse masome a matlhano le bongwe, mme fa e sa le ka nako eo e ntse e fokotsega.<ref>Simonite, Tom (October 22, 2013). "[https://www.technologyreview.com/2013/10/22/175674/the-decline-of-wikipedia/ The Decline of Wikipedia]". [[:en:MIT_Technology_Review|MIT Technology Review]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220731083716/https://www.technologyreview.com/2013/10/22/175674/the-decline-of-wikipedia/ Archived] from the original on July 31, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2020.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang kangwaga wa 2007, go ne ga gatisiwa tokololo ya tlhopho ya pego ya Wikipedia ya Mofuta wa 0.5.<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 Wikipedia:Version 1.0 Editorial Team]", Wikipedia, June 12, 2022, [https://web.archive.org/web/20220707222542/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 archived] from the original on July 7, 2022, retrieved June 25, 2022</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2008 ==== [[:en:WikiProject|Mananeo a Wiki]] a a farologaneng mo mafelong a le mantsi a ne a tswelela go atolosa le go tokafatsa diteng tsa pego mo teng ga bogolo jwa tsone. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2008, go ne ga tlhamiwa pego ya Wikipedia ya didikadike di le lesome, mme kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya feta dipego di le didikadike di le dikete tse pedi le botlhano. ==== Ngwaga wa 2009 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2009 ka oura ya masome a mabedi le bobedi le metsotso e le lesome le botlhano mo nakong ya UTC, morago [[:en:Death_of_Michael_Jackson|ga loso lwa ga Michael Jackson]], lefelo la tshedimosetso le ne la phutlhama ka nakwana. [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] o begile gore go ne ga nna le baeng ba ba ka nnang didikadike ba ba neng ba le kwa mokwalong wa botshelo jwa ga Jackson mo lobakeng lwa oura e le nngwe, gongwe e le baeng ba bantsi mo lobakeng lwa oura e le nngwe ba ba neng ba le kwa pegong epe fela mo ditsong tsa Wikipedia. Kwa bokhutlong jwa kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2009, palo ya dipego mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia e ne e fetile didikadike di le lesome le bone .<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140305100104/https://stats.wikimedia.org/EN/TablesArticlesTotal.htm Wikipedia Statistics, Article count (official)]". Wikimedia.org. Archived from [[stats:EN/TablesArticlesTotal.htm|the original]] on March 5, 2014.</ref> Setlhogo sa didikadike di le tharo mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane, [[:en:Beate_Eriksen|Beate Eriksen]], se tlhamilwe ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2009 ka nako ya oura ya bone le metsotso e le metlhano, go ya ka Nako ya Lefatshelotlhe e e Rulagantsweng (UTC).<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2009-08-17/News_and_notes&oldid=309138115 Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2009-08-17/News and notes"], Wikipedia, August 20, 2009, [https://web.archive.org/web/20210609111443/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2009-08-17/News_and_notes&oldid=309138115 archived] from the original on June 9, 2021, retrieved March 16, 2023</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2009, Wikipedia ya Sejeremane e ne ya feta dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe, mme ya nna kgatiso ya bobedi morago ga Wikipedia ya Seesemane go dira jalo. Setlhogo sa [[:en:Time_(magazine)|''TIME'']] se ne sa kwala Wikipedia mo gare ga mafelo a tshedimosetso a a gaisang tsa ngwaga wa 2009.<ref>"[http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1918031_1918016_1917948,00.html Wikipedia – 50 Best Websites 2009]" [https://web.archive.org/web/20111202174857/http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1918031_1918016_1917948,00.html Archived] 2 December 2011 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. TIME. 24 August 2009. Retrieved 24 November 2011.</ref> Diteng tsa Wikipedia di ne tsa fiwa tetla ka fa tlase ga tetla ya [[:en:Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike|Creative Commons ya go Abelana]] ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref>"[[m:Licensing_update/Timeline|Licensing update/Timeline – Meta".]] meta.wikimedia.org. October 30, 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220817062932/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Licensing_update/Timeline Archived] from the original on August 17, 2022. Retrieved August 29, 2022.</ref> === Ngwagasome wa bobedi: ngwaga wa 2010 go ya kwa ngwageng wa 2019 === ==== Ngwaga wa 2010 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a masome a mabedi le bone, ditsamaiso tse di bolokang ditshedimosetso tsa Wikipedia tsa karolo kgolo ya lefatshe e e naleng mafatshe ya Europe di ne tsa tswa mo maranyaneng ka ntlha ya bothata jwa go gotela thata. [[:en:Failover|Go palelwa]] ke ditsamaiso tsa poloko ya tshedimosetso kwa Florida go ne ga itshupa go robegile, ga dira gore tharabololo ya [[:en:Domain_Name_System|DNS]] ya Wikipedia e palelwe go ralala lefatshe. Bothata bo ne jwa rarabololwa ka bonako, mme ka ntlha ya ditlamorago tsa go boloka DNS, mafelo mangwe a ne a le bonya go kgona go bona Wikipedia gape go feta a mangwe.<ref>Bergsma, Mark (March 24, 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20100327123357/http://techblog.wikimedia.org/2010/03/global-outage-cooling-failure-and-dns/ "Global Outage (cooling failure and DNS)"]. Wikimedia Technical Blog. Archived from [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2010/03/global-outage-cooling-failure-and-dns/ the original] on March 27, 2010. Retrieved March 30, 2010.</ref><ref>Perez, Juan Carlos (March 25, 2010). [https://www.pcworld.com/article/192410/wikipedia_suffers_global_collapse.html "Wikipedia Suffers Global Collapse"]. PC World. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100329132858/http://www.pcworld.com/article/192410/wikipedia_suffers_global_collapse.html Archived] from the original on March 29, 2010. Retrieved March 30, 2010.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganonga tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro, lefelo la tshedimosetso le ne la golola sebopego se sesha sa yone. Dikarolo tse disha di ne di akaretsa letshwao le le ntšha, didirisiwa tse di ntšha tsa go tsamaya mo lefelong la tshedimosetso le, le sedirisiwa sa go thusa go tlhama dikgokagano<ref name=":17">"[https://web.archive.org/web/20100822062045/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special%3AUsabilityInitiativePrefSwitch New features]". [[:en:Wikipedia|Wikipedia]]. Archived from [[:en:Special:UsabilityInitiativePrefSwitch|the original]] on August 22, 2010. Retrieved September 6, 2010.</ref>. Le fa go ntse jalo, sebopego sa bogologolo se ne sa tswelela se le teng gore se dirisiwe ke ba ba neng ba batla go tswelela ba se dirisa. Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bobedi, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya feta palo ya ditlhogo di le didikadike di le dikete tse tharo le botlhano fa setlhogo sa sedikadike sa ntlha sa Wikipedia ya Sefora se ne sa tlhamiwa ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bongwe. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro, go ne ga dirwa tokafatso ya sedikadike ya ntlha mo mananeong otlhe a Wikimedia. Mo tshimologong ya ngwaga wa 2010, go ne ga gatisiwa kgatiso ya Wikipedia Version 0.7, e e neng e na le tlhopho ya dipego.<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 Wikipedia:Version 1.0 Editorial Team"], Wikipedia, June 12, 2022, [https://web.archive.org/web/20220707222542/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 archived] from the original on July 7, 2022, retrieved June 25, 2022</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2011 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Armwikicake.png|thumb|Nngwe ya [[c:Wikipedia 10 Photo gallery#Wikipedia_10_Cakes|dikuku di le mmalwa]] tse di dirilweng go keteka ngwaga wa bo lesome wa Wikipedia ka ngwaga wa 2011<ref>[[tenwiki:Main_Page|"Wikipedia 10"]]. Ten.wikipedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131231212611/http://ten.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page Archived] from the original on December 31, 2013. Retrieved February 26, 2014.</ref>]] Wikipedia le badirisi ba yone ba ne ba tshwara meletlo e le mentsi lefatshe ka bophara go gopola [[:en:Wikipedia:10_years_of_Wikipedia|ngwaga wa bo]] [[:en:Wikipedia:10_years_of_Wikipedia|lesome]] wa lefelo leo ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano.<ref>Wikipedia celebrates a decade of edit wars, controversy, and Internet dominance [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2011/011111-wikipedia-decade.html?hpg1=bn networkworld.com] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120315204326/http://www.networkworld.com/news/2011/011111-wikipedia-decade.html?hpg1=bn Archived] 15 March 2012 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]</ref> Lefelo leo le ne la simolola maiteko a go atolosa kgolo ya lone kwa India, mme la tshwara bokopano jwa lone jwa ntlha jwa India kwa Mumbai ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2011.<ref>Vaidyanathan, Rajini (November 19, 2011). [https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-15803308 "Wikipedia hosts India conference amid expansion push"]. BBC News. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055525/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-15803308 Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN1116765620110112 "Wikipedia, 10 years old, targets India]". Reuters. January 12, 2011. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110114211053/http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN1116765620110112 Archived] from the original on January 14, 2011. Retrieved January 13, 2011.</ref> [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] e fetile letshwao la dipego di le didikadike di le dikete tse tharo le botlhano ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a mabedi, mme ya fitlha go dipego di le didikadike di le dikete tse tharo le borobabobedi ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola malatsia le lesome le borobabobedi. Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola malatsia le supa ka ngwaga wa 2011, [[:en:German_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejeremane]] e ne ya feta diphetogo tsa ditsebe di le didikadike di le lekgolo, mme ya nna kgatiso ya bobedi ya puo go dira jalo morago ga kgatiso ya Seesemane, e e neng ya fitlhelela diphetogo tsa ditsebe di le didikadike di le makgolo a matlhano ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola malatsi a le masome le bobedile bone ka ngwaga wa 2011. [[:en:Dutch_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sedatšhe]] e ne ya feta dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le lesomele bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2011 e nna kgatiso ya bone go dira jalo. Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo a tlhola malatsi a le mararo ka ngwaga wa 2011, go ne ga gatisiwa kgololo ya tlhopho ya pego ya Wikipedia ya Mofuta wa 0.8.<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_0.8&oldid=998970578 Wikipedia:Version 0.8"], Wikipedia, January 7, 2021, [https://web.archive.org/web/20220705013507/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_0.8&oldid=998970578 archived] from the original on July 5, 2022, retrieved June 25, 2022</ref> Setempe sa "Wikimania 2011 – Haifa, Iseraele" se ne sa ntshiwa ke Israel Post ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola malatsi a le mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2011. Se e ne e le setempe sa ntlha se se neng se neetswe lenaneo le le amanang le Wikimedia. Magareng ga malatsi a mane le borataro a kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2011, [[:en:Italian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Italy]] e ne ya nna e e sa fitlhelegeng ka bomo go ipelaetsa kgatlhanong le molao o o tshitshintsweng wa [[:en:Italian_Parliament|Palamente ya Italy]] wa [[:en:DDL_intercettazioni|DDL intercettazioni]], o, fa o ka amogelwa, o neng o tla letla motho ope fela go pateletsa mafelo a tshedimosetso go ntsha tshedimosetso e e tsewang e le e e seng boammaaruri kgotsa e e kgopisang, kwantle ga go ntsha bosupi.<ref>[https://www.pcmag.com/archive/italian-wikipedia-hidden-to-protest-wiretap-law-288689 "Italian Wikipedia Hidden To Protest WireTap Law"]. PC Magazine. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055529/https://www.pcmag.com/archive/italian-wikipedia-hidden-to-protest-wiretap-law-288689 Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Gape ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2011, Wikimedia e ne ya itsise go simololwa ga [[:en:Wikipedia_Zero|Wikipedia Zero]], e leng letsholo la go kgontsha phitlhelelo ya mahala ya megala ya mosokela tsebeng mo Wikipedia mo ditshebang tse di tlhabologang ka tirisanommogo le badirisi ba megala ya mosokela tsebeng.<ref>Kapoor, Amit (October 26, 2011). [https://blog.wikimedia.org/2011/10/26/wikipedia-seeks-global-operator-partners-to-enable-free-access/ "Wikipedia seeks global operator partners to enable free access]". Wikimedia blog. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150717070411/http://blog.wikimedia.org/2011/10/26/wikipedia-seeks-global-operator-partners-to-enable-free-access/ Archived] from the original on July 17, 2015.</ref><ref>"[[mw:Wikipedia_Zero|Wikipedia Zero]]". MediaWiki. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120529101704/http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikipedia_Zero Archived] from the original on May 29, 2012. Retrieved May 27, 2012.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2012 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikimedia Foundation Wikipedia Blackout SOPA January 18, 2012.theora.ogv|thumb|Babereki ba kwa [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlhong wa Wikimedia]] ka nako ya fa go ne go kgaoga emisiwa tirelo ya lefelo la tshedimosetso mo SOPA]] Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlholamalatsi a le lesome le borataro, motlhami-mmogo wa Wikipedia [[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Jimmy Wales]] o ne a itsise gore Wikipedia ya Seesemane e tla [[:en:2012_Wikipedia_blackout|tswallwa ruri]] dioura di le masome a mabedi le bone ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e le lesome le borobabobedi jaaka karolo ya boipelaetso jo bo neng bo ikaeletse go bitsa tlhokomelo ya setšhaba mo Molaong o o tshitshintsweng wa go [[:en:Stop_Online_Piracy_Act|Emisa Borukhutlhi jwa Inthanete]] le [[:en:PROTECT_IP_Act|Molao wa PROTECT IP]] , e leng melao e mebedi e e [[:en:Copyright_infringement|kgatlhanong le borukhutlhi jwa dithoto tsa bakwadi]] jwa [[:en:United_States_Congress|puthego ya United States]] ka fa tlase ga ngangisano. Ba ne ba bitsa kemiso ya tirelo ye ya lefelo la tshedimosetso "tshwetso ya baagi", Wales le baganetsi ba bangwe ba melao ba ne ba dumela gore e tla tsenya puo e e gololesegileng le boitshimololedi jwa mo inthaneteng mo kotsing.<ref>Ortenzi, T. J. (January 17, 2012). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/blogpost/post/wikipedia-blackout-coming-jan-18-says-co-founder-jimmy-wales/2012/01/16/gIQAh2Ke3P_blog.html "Wikipedia blackout coming Wednesday, says co-founder Jimmy Wales"]. The Washington Post. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160306052240/https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/blogpost/post/wikipedia-blackout-coming-jan-18-says-co-founder-jimmy-wales/2012/01/16/gIQAh2Ke3P_blog.html Archived] from the original on March 6, 2016. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Go emisa tirelo ga nakwana mo go tshwanang le mo go ne ga dirwa ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome ke [[:en:Russian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Russia,]] go ipelaetsa kgatlhanong le molao o o tshitshintsweng wa taolo ya inthanete ya Russia.<ref>[https://www.express.co.uk/news/world/332016/Russian-Wikipedia-shuts-in-protest "Russian Wikipedia shuts in protest]". UKPA via Google. July 10, 2012.</ref> Mo bokhutlong jwa kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2012, [[m:Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]] e ne ya itsise ka [[:en:Wikidata|Wikidata]], e leng boalo jwa lefatshe lotlhe jwa go abelana tshedimosetso fa gare ga dikgatiso tsotlhe tsa dipuo tsa Wikipedia.<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/wikipedia/posts/158388724283345 "Wikidata announcement on Facebook]". Wikimedia Deutschland. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160101031943/https://www.facebook.com/wikipedia/posts/158388724283345 Archived] from the original on January 1, 2016. Retrieved October 28, 2015.</ref><ref>Chalabi, Mona (April 26, 2013). "[https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2013/apr/26/wikidata-launch Welcome to Wikidata! Now what?]". [https://web.archive.org/web/20211002152920/https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2013/apr/26/wikidata-launch Archived] from the original on October 2, 2021. Retrieved October 2, 2021.</ref> Lenaneo la Wikidata la didolara di le didikadike di le sekete le bosupa tsa Amerika e ne e tlamelwa ke Google, [[:en:Gordon_and_Betty_Moore_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Gordon le Betty Moore]], le Setheo sa Allen sa Botlhale jwa Maitirelo<ref>Terdiman, Daniel. [https://www.cnet.com/culture/wikidata-to-provide-structured-data-for-all-wikipedia-versions/ "Wikidata to provide structured data for all Wikipedia versions"]. CNET. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055527/https://www.cnet.com/culture/wikidata-to-provide-structured-data-for-all-wikipedia-versions/ Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Wikimedia Deutschland e ne ya tsaya maikarabelo a kgato ya ntlha ya Wikidata, mme kwa tshimologong e ne e rulagantse go dira gore boalo bo nne teng mo barulaganying ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2012. Kgato ya ntlha ya Wikidata e ne ya simolola go dira ka botlalo ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2013.<ref>Perez, Sarah (March 30, 2012). [https://techcrunch.com/2012/03/30/wikipedias-next-big-thing-wikidata-a-machine-readable-user-editable-database-funded-by-google-paul-allen-and-others/ "Wikipedia's Next Big Thing: Wikidata, A Machine-Readable, User-Editable Database Funded By Google, Paul Allen And Others]". TechCrunch. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120817042610/http://techcrunch.com/2012/03/30/wikipedias-next-big-thing-wikidata-a-machine-readable-user-editable-database-funded-by-google-paul-allen-and-others/ Archived] from the original on August 17, 2012.</ref><ref name=":13">Pintscher, Lydia (February 13, 2013). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130219054033/http://blog.wikimedia.de/2013/02/13/wikidata-live-on-the-english-wikipedia/ "Wikidata live on the English Wikipedia]". Wikimedia Deutschland. Archived from [[the original]] on February 19, 2013. Retrieved February 15, 2013.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Justin Anthony Knapp (cropped).jpg|thumb|Justin Knapp]] Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2012, [[:en:Justin_Knapp|Justin Knapp]] o ne a nna mokwadi wa ntlha a le mongwe go dira diphetogo tse di fetang sedikadike se le sengwe mo Wikipedia.<ref>Titcomb, James (April 20, 2012). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/wikipedia/9215151/First-man-to-make-1-million-Wikipedia-edits.html "First man to make 1 million Wikipedia edits".] The Daily Telegraph. [https://web.archive.org/web/20151119233646/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/wikipedia/9215151/First-man-to-make-1-million-Wikipedia-edits.html Archived] from the original on November 19, 2015. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>Skelton, Alissa (April 24, 2012). [https://mashable.com/archive/wikipedia-volunteer-editor "Wikipedia Volunteer Editor Reaches 1 Million Edits"]. Mashable. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055529/https://mashable.com/archive/wikipedia-volunteer-editor Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Jimmy Wales o ne a akgola Knapp ka tiro ya gagwe mme a mo fa sekgele sa lefelo la tshedimosetso e le sa ''Barnstar'' ''e e'' ''Kgethegileng s'' le kabelo ya ''Golden Wiki'' ka ntlha ya phitlhelelo ya gagwe.<ref>"[https://www.engadget.com/2012/04/20/one-million-wikipedia-edits/ Hardest working man on the internet passes one million Wikipedia edits".] Engadget. April 20, 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120820003926/http://www.engadget.com/2012/04/20/one-million-wikipedia-edits Archived] from the original on August 20, 2012. Retrieved September 3, 2012.</ref> Wales gape e ne ya bolela gore kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi e tla nna "Letsatsi la ga Justin Knapp".<ref>Skelton, Alissa (April 23, 2012). [http://mashable.com/2012/04/23/wikipedia-volunteer-editor/ "Wikipedia Volunteer Editor Reaches 1 Million Edits"]. Mashable. [https://web.archive.org/web/20151119235227/http://mashable.com/2012/04/23/wikipedia-volunteer-editor/ Archived] from the original on November 19, 2015. Retrieved October 24, 2012.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2012, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona dipego tsa yone tsa didikadike di le nne, [[:en:Ezbet_El_Borg|Izbat al-Burj]].<ref>[http://blog.wikimedia.org.uk/2012/07/english-language-wikipedia-hits-4-million-articles/ "English language Wikipedia hits 4 million articles]!". [[:en:Wikimedia_UK|Wikimedia UK]] Blog. Wikimedia UK. July 13, 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121222030833/http://blog.wikimedia.org.uk/2012/07/english-language-wikipedia-hits-4-million-articles/ Archived] from the original on December 22, 2012. Retrieved July 13, 2012.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2012, raditso le morulaganyi wa Wikipedia [[:en:Richard_J._Jensen|Richard J. Jensen]] o ne a ntsha mogopolo wa gore Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne e "gaufi le go wediwa", a tlhokomela gore palo ya barulaganyi ba ba dirang ka dinako tsotlhe e ne e wetse tlase thata fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 2007, le fa Wikipedia e ne e gola ka bonako mo palong ya dipego le mo babading.<ref>Rosen, Rebecca J. (October 25, 2012). [https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/10/surmounting-the-insurmountable-wikipedia-is-nearing-completion-in-a-sense/264111/ "Surmounting the Insurmountable: Wikipedia Is Nearing Completion, in a Sense]". The Atlantic. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121028064456/http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/10/surmounting-the-insurmountable-wikipedia-is-nearing-completion-in-a-sense/264111/ Archived] from the original on October 28, 2012. Retrieved October 27, 2012.</ref> Go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Inthanete ya Alexa]], Wikipedia e ne e le lefelo la tshedimosetso la borataro le le tumileng thata mo lefatsheng go tloga ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2012.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org "Amazon Alexa]". alexa.com. Archived from [https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org the original] on August 25, 2020. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> [[:en:AllThingsD|Dow Jones]] e ne ya baya Wikipedia mo maemong a botlhano lefatshe ka bophara go tloga ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2012.<ref>[http://allthingsd.com/20121220/the-fifth-biggest-site-in-the-world-operated-on-a-budget-of-27m-last-year "The Fifth-Biggest Site in the World Operated on a Budget of $27M Last Year"]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131206225138/http://allthingsd.com/20121220/the-fifth-biggest-site-in-the-world-operated-on-a-budget-of-27m-last-year/ Archived] from the original on December 6, 2013. Retrieved December 3, 2013., by Liz Gannes; AllThingsD became a subsidiary of Dow Jones & Company Inc in 2005 and was absorbed into [[:en:The_Wall_Street_Journal|WSJ.com]] during 2013.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2013 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:Italian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya SeItaly]] e ne ya nna kgatiso ya botlhano ya puo ya Wikipedia go feta dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe, fa Wikipedia ya [[:en:Russian_Wikipedia|Se-Russia]] le ya [[:en:Spanish_Wikipedia|Sespanishe]] e ne ya oketsega ka dipego tsa tsone tsa sedikadike ka malatsi a le lesome le bongwe le lesome le borataro a kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka go latelana. Ka letsatsi la lesome le botlhano la kgwedi ya Phukwi di-Wikipedia tsa [[:en:Polish_Wikipedia|Se-Sweden]] le ka Lwetse a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bone tsa [[:en:Polish_Wikipedia|Se-Poland]] di ne tsa bona dipego tsa tsone tsa didikadike, mme tsa nna dikgatiso tsa borobabobedi le tsa borobongwe tsa Wikipedia go dira jalo. Ka letsatsi la masome a mabedi le bosaupa la kgwedi ya Ferikgong, [[:en:Main_belt_asteroid|asteroid ya konokono ya lebanta]] [[:en:274301_Wikipedia|274301]] e ne ya bidiwa semmuso "Wikipedia" ke [[:en:Committee_for_Small_Body_Nomenclature#Minor_planets|Komiti ya Maina a Mmele o Mennye]].<ref>Workman, Robert (February 5, 2013). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130206105134/http://www.technewsdaily.com/16749-asteroid-named-wikipedia.html "Asteroid Re-Named 'Wikipedia'"]. [[:en:TechMediaNetwork,_Inc.|TechNewsDaily]]. Archived from [http://www.technewsdaily.com/16749-asteroid-named-wikipedia.html the original] on February 6, 2013. Retrieved February 7, 2013.</ref> Kgato ya ntlha ya polokelo ya tshedimosetso ya [[:en:Wikidata|Wikidata]], e e neng e tlamela ka dikgokagano tsa dipuo tse di farologaneng le tshedimosetso e nngwe ka go itirisa, e ne ya nna teng mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2013.<ref name=":13" /> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:Direction_centrale_du_renseignement_intérieur|tirelo ya sephiri ya Fora]] e ne ya bonwa molato ka go leka go tlhotlhomisa Wikipedia ka go tshosetsa moithaopi wa Wikipedia ka go tshwarwa ntle le fa "tshedimosetso ya sephiri" ka ga [[:en:Pierre-sur-Haute_military_radio_station|seteišene sa radio sa sesole]] e ka phimolwa.<ref>Willsher, Kim (April 7, 2013). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/apr/07/french-secret-service-wikipedia-page "French secret service accused of censorship over Wikipedia page"]. The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20130930145033/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/apr/07/french-secret-service-wikipedia-page Archived] from the original on September 30, 2013. Retrieved April 9, 2013.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Wikimania 2013 - VisualEditor - The present and future of editing our wikis.webm|thumb|Pontsho ka ga [[:en:VisualEditor|Motseleganyi wa Ditshwantsho]] wa Wikipedia]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi, go ne ga simololwa thulaganyo ya go fetola ya [[:en:VisualEditor|VisualEditor]], e e neng ya bopa kgato ya ntlha ya maiteko a go letla gore dipego di fetotswe ka segokaganyi se se tshwanang le sa [[:en:Word_processor|setlhagisa mafoko]] go na le go dirisa [[:en:Wiki_markup|tshwao ya wiki]].<ref name=":18">Arthur, Charles (July 2, 2013). [https://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2013/jul/02/rabbit-contact-lens "Boot up: wireless contact lens, Wikipedia's visual editing, Samsung's share slide and more"]. The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131104201314/http://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2013/jul/02/rabbit-contact-lens Archived] from the original on November 4, 2013. Retrieved July 2, 2013.</ref> Go ne ga simololwa gape le morulaganyi yo o diretsweng [[:en:Smartphone|megala ya letheka ya segompieno]] le didirisiwa tse dingwe tsa megala ya mosokela tsebeng.<ref name=":19">Gonera, Juliusz (July 25, 2013). "[[diffblog:2013/07/25/edit-wikipedia-on-the-go/|Edit Wikipedia on the go]]". Diff. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230325104612/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2013/07/25/edit-wikipedia-on-the-go/ Archived] from the original on March 25, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2014 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikipedia Edit 2014.webm|left|thumb|Tshekatsheko ya sesupa ditshwantso sa diteng tsa Wikipedia ka ngwaga wa 2014, e rotloetsa babogedi go tseleganya Wikipedia]] Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2014, lenaneo la go dira kgatiso e e gatisitsweng ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane, e e nang le bogolo bo le sekete le ditsebe di feta didikadike di le dingwe le dikete di le lekgolo, e ne ya simololwa ke batsayakarolo ba Wikipedia ya Sejeremane.<ref name=":10" /> Lenaneo le ne le batla matlole ka [[:en:Indiegogo|Indiegogo]], mme e ne e ikaeletse go tlotla meneelo ya barulaganyi ba Wikipedia.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/feb/20/wikipedia-1000-volume-print-edition-crowdfunding "Wikipedia 1,000-volume print edition planned"]. The Guardian. February 20, 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140311014332/http://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/feb/20/wikipedia-1000-volume-print-edition-crowdfunding Archived] from the original on March 11, 2014. Retrieved April 12, 2014.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2014, sefikantswe sa ntlha sa Wikipedia se ne sa bulwa kwa toropong ya Poland ya Slubice.<ref>Day, Matthew (October 10, 2014). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/poland/11153603/Polish-town-to-build-statue-honouring-Wikipedia.html "Polish town to build statue honouring Wikipedia"]. The Daily Telegraph. [https://web.archive.org/web/20141011191441/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/poland/11153603/Polish-town-to-build-statue-honouring-Wikipedia.html Archived] from the original on October 11, 2014. Retrieved October 11, 2014.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola letsatsi le le borobabobedi, lesome le botlhano ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo, le kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2014, [[:en:Waray_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Waray]], [[:en:Vietnamese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Vietnam]] le [[:en:Cebuano_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Cebuano]] nngwe le nngwe ya tsone e ne ya feta letshwao la pego e le sedikadike se le sengwe. E ne e le Wikipedia ya bolesome, ya bolesome le bongwe le ya bolesom le bobedi go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Le fa di ne di na le badirisi ba le mmalwa fela ba ba matlhagatlhaga, di-Wikipedia tsa puo ya Se-Waray le Se-Cebuano di ne di na le palo e e kwa godimo ya dipego tse di tlhamilweng ka go itirisa tse di tlhamilweng ke di roboto. ==== Ngwaga wa 2015 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikipedia 5 million articles milestone video November 2015.ogv|thumb|Ditshwantsho tse di tshikinyegang tse di tshwayang phitlhelelo ya Wikipedia ya Setswana ya dipego di le didikadike di le tlhano ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e le letsatsi ka ngwaga wa 2015]] Mo bogareng jwa ngwaga wa 2015, Wikipedia e ne e le lefelo la tshedimosetso ya bosupa e e tumileng thata mo lefatsheng go ya [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Maranyane a Alexa]] ,<ref name=":14">[http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org# "Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20171009035134/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on October 9, 2017. Retrieved October 9, 2017.</ref> e ne e le kwa tlase ka lefelo le le lengwe go tswa mo maemong a e neng e le mo go one ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2012. Kwa tshimologong ya ngwaga wa 2015, Wikipedia e ne ya nna ensaetlopedia e kgolo go gaisa tsotlhe ya kitsokakaretso mo inthaneteng, ka palogotlhe e e kopantsweng ya dipego tse di fetang didikadike di le masome a mararo le borataro tsa lefelo le legolo mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a borobabongwe le bongwe.<ref name=":12" /> Ka palogare, Wikipedia e amogela palogotlhe ya dipono tsa ditsebe tsa lefatshe lotlhe di le dibilione di le lesome go tswa mo baeting ba ba kgethegileng ba ka nna didikadike di le makgolo a mane le masome a borobabongwe le botlhano kgwedi le kgwedi,<ref name=":10" /><ref>[[stats:wikimedia/squids/SquidReportPageViewsPerCountryOverview.htm|"Wikimedia Statistics"]]. April 20, 2011. [https://web.archive.org/web/20111020212633/http://stats.wikimedia.org/wikimedia/squids/SquidReportPageViewsPerCountryOverview.htm Archived] from the original on October 20, 2011. Retrieved October 14, 2011.</ref> go akaretsa le baeng ba le didikadike di le masome a borobabobedi le botlhano go tswa kwa lefatsheng la United States fela,<ref name=":11" /> kwa e leng lefelo la borataro le le ratiwang thata.<ref name=":14" /> [[Setshwantsho:Print Wikipedia (no subtitles).webm|thumb|Motaki [[:en:Michael_Mandiberg|Michael Mandiberg]] o bua ka [[:en:Print_Wikipedia|Wikipedia e e Gatisitsweng]].]] [[:en:Print_Wikipedia|Gatisa Wikipedia]] e ne e le lenaneo la botaki le le dirilweng ke [[:en:Michael_Mandiberg|Michael Mandiberg]] le le neng la dira gore go nne le bokgoni jwa go gatisa bogolo jwa volume di le dikete tse supa ,makgolo a mane le masome a supa le boraro tsa Wikipedia jaaka e ne e le teng ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a supa ka ngwaga wa 2015. Bogolo jwa volume nngwe le nngwe e na le ditsebe di le makgolo a le supa mme ke di le lekgolo le lesome fela tse di gatisitsweng ke motaki.<ref>Schuessler, Jennifer (June 16, 2015). [https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/17/books/moving-wikipedia-from-computer-to-many-many-bookshelves.html "Moving Wikipedia From Computer to Many, Many Bookshelves"]. [[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20161202120645/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/17/books/moving-wikipedia-from-computer-to-many-many-bookshelves.html Archived] from the original on December 2, 2016. Retrieved December 24, 2016.</ref> Ka letsatsi le le lengwe la kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2015, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e fitlheletse dipego di le didikadike tse tlhano ka go tlhamiwa ga pego ka ga [[:en:Persoonia_terminalis|''Persoonia terminalis'']], mofuta wa setlhatshana. Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boraro, Wikipedia e ne ya amogela [[:en:Princess_of_Asturias_Awards|''Sekgele sa Kgosigatsana ya Asturias sa Tirisanommogo ya Boditšhabatšhaba.'']]<ref>"[https://elpais.com/tecnologia/2015/06/17/actualidad/1434535111_709353.html Wikipedia, Premio Princesa de Asturias de Cooperación]". El País (in Spanish). June 17, 2015. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1134-6582 1134-6582]. Retrieved February 4, 2026.</ref><ref>Poyo, Ana (October 22, 2015). [https://www.vogue.es/moda/news/articulos/agenda-premios-princesa-asturias-2015-ceremonia-entrega-reyes-felipe-letizia-mejores-looks-leonor-de-borbon/23909 "Los Premios Princesa de Asturias 2015 (al detalle)"]. ''Vogue España'' (in European Spanish). Retrieved February 4, 2026.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2016 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le le lesome le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2016, [[:en:Japanese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejapane]] e ne ya feta letshwao la dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe, mme ya nna Wikipedia ya bolesometharo go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Setlhogo sa sedidikadike se ne se le sa Wave 224, e leng sekepe sa ka fa tlase ga metsi sa [[:en:World_War_II|Ntwa ya Lefatshe ya bobedi]] sa Sesole sa Lewatle sa Bogosi jwa Japane. Mo bogareng jwa ngwaga wa 2016, Wikipedia e ne ya nna gape lefelo la tshedimosetso la borataro le le tumileng thata mo lefatsheng go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]],<ref>"[http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org# Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160706214359/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on July 6, 2016. Retrieved July 7, 2016.</ref> e tlhatlogile ka lefelo le le lengwe go tswa mo maemong a e neng e le mo go one mo ngwageng o o fetileng. ==== Ngwaga wa 2017 ==== Mo bogareng jwa ngwaga wa 2017, Wikipedia e ne ya kwalwa jaaka lefelo la tshedimosetso ya botlhano e e ratiwang thata mo lefatsheng go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]],<ref>"[http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org# Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170704011642/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on July 4, 2017. Retrieved July 4, 2017.</ref> e tlhatlogile lefelo le le lengwe go tswa mo maemong a e neng e le mo go one mo ngwageng o o fetileng. Wikipedia Zero e dirilwe gore e nne teng kwa Iraq le kwa Afganistan. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabongwe 2017, [[:en:Block_of_Wikipedia_in_Turkey|go fitlhelela Wikipedia mo maranayaneng go ne ga thibelwa mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo kwa Turkey]] ke balaodi ba Turkey. Go thibelwa mo go ne ga tswelela go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano,ka ngwaga wa 2020, ka gonne [[:en:Judicial_system_of_Turkey|kgotlatshekelo ya Turkey]] e ne ya atlhola gore thibelo e e tlola ditshwanelo tsa batho. [[:en:Japanese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejapane]] e e tsenngwang mokgwa wa tshireletso kwa China fa e sale ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole a tlhola malatsia le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2017.<ref>[https://en.greatfire.org/https/ja.wikipedia.org "ja.wikipedia.org]". ''[[:en:GreatFire|GreatFire]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180120065845/https://en.greatfire.org/https/ja.wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on January 20, 2018. Retrieved April 7, 2018.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2018 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2018, palo ya dipego tsa [[:en:Chinese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Setšhaena]] e ne ya feta sedikadike se le sengwe mme ya nna Wikipedia ya bolesome le bone go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Wikipedia ya Setšhaena e thibetswe kwa [[:en:Mainland_China|Nagengkgolo ya China]] fa e sale ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 2015.<ref>[https://www.theverge.com/2015/9/4/9260981/jimmy-wales-wikipedia-china "Wikipedia founder defends decision to encrypt the site in China".] September 4, 2015. Archived from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved April 17, 2018.</ref> Moragonyana mo ngwageng, ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borataro , [[:en:Portuguese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sepotokisi]] e ne ya feta letshwao la dipego di le sedikadike ose le sengwe, ya nna Wikipedia ya bolesome le botlhano go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Setlhogo sa sedikadike e ne e le [[:pt:Perdão de Richard Nixon|Perdão de Richard Nixon]] ([[:en:Pardon_of_Richard_Nixon|Tshwarelo ya ga Richard Nixon)]]. Ka ngwaga wa2018, Wikipedia e ne ya boloka lenaane la yone jaaka lefelo la tshedimosetso ya botlhano e e ratiwang thata mo lefatsheng go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Inthanete ya Alexa]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org "Wikipedia.org Traffic, Demographics and Competitors – Alexa"]. alexa.com. Archived from the original on August 25, 2020. Retrieved October 28, 2018.</ref> Ntlha nngwe e e tlhomologileng e ne e le tiriso ya [[:en:Artificial_Intelligence|Botlhale jwa Maitirelo]] go tlhama dipego tse di kwadilweng ka ditlhogo tse di neng di tlhokomologilwe.<ref>"[https://www.theverge.com/2018/8/8/17663544/ai-scientists-wikipedia-primer AI spots 40,000 prominent scientists overlooked by Wikipedia]". The Verge. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180809023533/https://www.theverge.com/2018/8/8/17663544/ai-scientists-wikipedia-primer Archived] from the original on August 9, 2018. Retrieved October 28, 2018.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2019 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola masome a mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2019, balaodi ba China ba ne ba atolosa Wikipedia go nna mefuta ya dipuo tsotlhe.<ref>Gandolfo, Ryan. "[http://www.thatsmags.com/beijing/post/27660/wikipedia-currently-down-in-china Wikipedia Currently Down in China"]. That's Beijing. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190424081614/http://www.thatsmags.com/beijing/post/27660/wikipedia-currently-down-in-china Archived] from the original on April 24, 2019. Retrieved April 24, 2019.</ref><ref>Sukhbir Singh; Arturo Filastò; Maria Xynou (May 4, 2019). [https://ooni.io/post/2019-china-wikipedia-blocking/ "China is now blocking all language editions of Wikipedia"]. Open Observatory of Network Interference. Retrieved May 7, 2019. The following chart, based on OONI data, illustrates that multiple language editions of Wikipedia have been blocked in China as of April 2019.{...}OONI measurements show that many of these Wikipedia domains were previously accessible, but all measurements collected from 25 April 2019 onwards present the same DNS anomalies for all Wikipedia sub-domains.{...}Based on these tests, we were able to conclude that China Telecom does in fact block all language editions of Wikipedia by means of both DNS injection and SNI filtering.</ref> Nako ya go thibela e ne ya tsamaisana le [[:en:30th_anniversary_of_the_1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests|ngwaga wa masome a mararo a segopotso]] wa [[:en:1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre|ditshupetso le polao ya batho ba le bantsi kwa Tiananmen Square ka ngwaga wa 1989]] le ngwaga wa bo lekgolo wa [[:en:May_Fourth_Movement|Mokgatlho wa Motsheganong wa Bone]], mme seo sa felela ka gore [[:en:Internet_censorship_in_China|inthanete e tlhotlhomisiwe thata kwa China.]]<ref>[https://www.news18.com/news/world/ahead-of-tiananmen-anniversary-chinese-government-blocks-wikipedia-2142621.html "Ahead of Tiananmen Anniversary, Chinese Government Blocks Wikipedia"]. News18. May 15, 2019. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190602223335/https://www.news18.com/news/world/ahead-of-tiananmen-anniversary-chinese-government-blocks-wikipedia-2142621.html Archived] from the original on June 2, 2019. Retrieved June 2, 2019.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2019, go ya ka Alexa.com, Wikipedia e ne ya wela tlase go tswa mo maemong a botlhano go ya kwa maemong a bosupa mo lefelong la tshedimosetso mo lefatsheng ka ntlha ya go dirisa inthanete mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org wikipedia.org Competitive Analysis, Marketing Mix and Traffic – Alexa"]. alexa.com. Archived from [https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org the original] on August 25, 2020. Retrieved February 10, 2018.</ref> Ka one ngwaga oo, kopololo ya Wikipedia e ne ya romelwa kwa Ngweding, e le karolo ya [[:en:Arch_Mission_Foundation|lefelo la go bala la Arch Lunar]]. Ka ntlha ya go palelwa, sefofane se se dirisang mollo go fofa se ne sa thula mo godimo ga Ngwedi, mme, ka ntlha ya tiriso ya di polokelo tse di kgethegileng, tse di kgonang go emelana le nickel, go dumelwa gore kopololo e ne ya falola go thula.<ref>Taylor, Chris (April 17, 2019). [https://mashable.com/article/moon-library-beresheet-crash-wikipedia "There may be a copy of Wikipedia somewhere on the moon. Here's how to help find it"]. Mashable. Retrieved March 30, 2026.</ref> === Ngwagasome wa boraro: 2020–gompieno === Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa 2020, setlhogo sa didikadike di le thataro, e leng lokwalo la botshelo lwa ga [[:en:Maria_Elise_Turner_Lauder|Maria Elise Turner Lauder,]] se ne sa tsenngwa mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane. Le fa go ne go na le kgolo e ya dipego, go dirisana ga Wikipedia mo inthaneteng ya lefatshe lotlhe, jaaka go lekanngwa ke Alexa, go ne ga tswelela go fokotsega. Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2020, Wikipedia e ne ya wela mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ya bolesome le bongwe mo lefatsheng ka ntlha ya go dirisa inthanete mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref name=":15">[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org "wikipedia.org Competitive Analysis, Marketing Mix and Traffic – Alexa"]. alexa.com. Archived from [https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org the original] on August 25, 2020. Retrieved February 10, 2018.</ref> Bobedi jwa go bega ga Wikipedia ga mathata a [[:en:COVID-19_pandemic|bolwetsi jo bo neng jwa amana lefatshe lotlhe la COVID-19]] le diphetogo tse di tshegetsang, dipuisano, le e leng go phimolwa go ne go akanngwa gore ke motswedi o o mosola go bo ra ditso ba isago ba ba batlang go tlhaloganya paka eo ka botlalo.<ref>Harrison, Stephen (May 27, 2020). [https://slate.com/technology/2020/05/wikipedia-coronavirus-information-future-historians.html "Future Historians Will Need Access to Coronavirus Misinformation]". Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200527165139/https://slate.com/technology/2020/05/wikipedia-coronavirus-information-future-historians.html Archived] from the original on May 27, 2020. Retrieved June 9, 2020.</ref> [[:en:World_Health_Organization|Mokgatlho wa Lefatshe wa Boitekanelo]] o dirisane mmogo le Wikipedia jaaka motswedi wa konokono wa go anamisa tshedimosetso e e amanang le COVID-19 jaaka go thusa go lwantshana go anama ga tshedimosetso e e fosegileng.<ref>Matt, Chase (January 9, 2021). [https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higherhttps://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher "Wikipedia is 20, and its reputation has never been highe]r". [[:en:The_Economist|The Economist]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221231224550/https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher Archived] from the original on December 31, 2022. Retrieved January 9, 2021.</ref><ref>McNeil, Donald G. (October 22, 2020). [https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/22/health/wikipedia-who-coronavirus-health.html "Wikipedia and W.H.O. Join to Combat Covid-19 Misinformation"]. [[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20201227064918/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/22/health/wikipedia-who-coronavirus-health.html Archived] from the original on December 27, 2020. Retrieved October 25, 2020.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2021 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2021, [[:en:Wikipedia:20th_anniversary|ngwaga wa masome a mabedi wa segopotso sa Wikipedia]] o ne wa lemogiwa mo metsweding ya dikgang.<ref>Kelly, Heather (January 15, 2021). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/01/15/wikipedia-20-year-anniversary/ "Technology: On its 20th birthday, Wikipedia might be the safest place online]". [[:en:The_Washington_Post|The Washington Post]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210905012756/https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/01/15/wikipedia-20-year-anniversary/ Archived] from the original on September 5, 2021. Retrieved January 16, 2021. The world's largest online encyclopedia has learned lessons from fighting misinformation for two decades</ref><ref>Kent, German (January 15, 2021). "[https://www.cnet.com/news/in-a-post-truth-world-we-need-wikipedia-more-than-ever/ In a post-truth world, we need Wikipedia more than ever]". [[:en:CNET|CNET]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220221144855/https://www.cnet.com/news/in-a-post-truth-world-we-need-wikipedia-more-than-ever/ Archived] from the original on February 21, 2022. Retrieved January 16, 2021. Commentary: Wikipedia celebrated its 20th anniversary today. The free encyclopedia may not be exciting, but its neutral, volunteer-driven content is incredibly valuable.</ref><ref>"[https://www.dw.com/en/world-in-progress-20-years-of-wikipedia/av-56212410 World in Progress: 20 years of Wikipedia]" (Audio). [[:en:Deutsche_Welle|Deutsche Welle]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221005082902/https://www.dw.com/en/world-in-progress-20-years-of-wikipedia/av-56212410 Archived] from the original on October 5, 2022. Retrieved January 17, 2021. The year marks the 20th anniversary of Wikipedia. Every month, more than 1.7 billion people visit the open-source website in search of information about, well, just about anything! We speak with Dr. Bernie Hogan from the [[:en:Oxford_Internet_Institute|Oxford Internet Institute]] about Wikipedia's successes, where it fits into the discrimination crisis, and the website's future.</ref><ref>[[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Wales, Jimmy]] (January 14, 2021). [https://news.yahoo.com/wikipedia-turns-20-aims-reach-035212015.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly9zZWFyY2gueWFob28uY29tLw&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAHKHaTI72xUEUz_BdVPt8DFvi-uLdmApcbSckrJrAbM_GpTwHsHtNHRdxX-KYAS6xk81e_p_w46bfh10PJVV7cmUzE-pWR5gsID2T8Kd1k0u-2r78p4Y4V16CKTPFcWRJzV0LwQMJyuEeeR7Vv-_lfVBiCT30KvF47aGzyE3QP-a "As Wikipedia turns 20 it aims to reach more readers"]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220923105157/https://news.yahoo.com/wikipedia-turns-20-aims-reach-035212015.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly9zZWFyY2gueWFob28uY29tLw&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAHKHaTI72xUEUz_BdVPt8DFvi-uLdmApcbSckrJrAbM_GpTwHsHtNHRdxX-KYAS6xk81e_p_w46bfh10PJVV7cmUzE-pWR5gsID2T8Kd1k0u-2r78p4Y4V16CKTPFcWRJzV0LwQMJyuEeeR7Vv-_lfVBiCT30KvF47aGzyE3QP-a Archived] from the original on September 23, 2022. Retrieved January 17, 2021 – via [[:en:Yahoo!|Yahoo]]!. Wikipedia is the web's seventh-most visited site</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malalatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2021, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya fitlhelela diphetogo di le dibilione di le nngwe, koo tseleganyo ya bobilione e neng ya dirwa ke [[:en:Steven_Pruitt|Steven Pruitt]]<ref>"[https://www.vice.com/en/article/the-english-language-wikipedia-just-had-its-billionth-edit/ The English Language Wikipedia Just Had Its Billionth Edit"]. [[:en:Vice_(magazine)|Vice]]. January 15, 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210115145145/https://www.vice.com/en/article/k7appn/the-english-language-wikipedia-just-had-its-billionth-edit Archived] from the original on January 15, 2021. Retrieved February 26, 2021.</ref> [[:en:MIT_Press|MIT Press]] e gatisitse buka e e [[:en:Open_access|bulegileng ya ditlhamo]] [[:en:Wikipedia_@_20|''Wikipedia @ 20'']]: ''Dikgang tsa Phetogo e e sa Fediwang'', e e rulagantsweng ke [[:en:Joseph_M._Reagle_Jr.|Joseph Reagle]] le Jackie Koerner ka ditshwaelo go tswa go ba-Wikipedia ba ba tlhageletseng, ba-Wikimedia, babatlisisi, babegadikgang, ba lefelo la dibuka le baitseanape ba bangwe ba ba akanyang ka ditiragalo tse di rileng le<ref>Reagle, Joseph; Koerner, Jackie, eds. (2020). [https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/wikipedia-20 Wikipedia @ 20: Stories of an Incomplete Revolution]. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0262538176|978-0262538176.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20220716055539/https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/wikipedia-20 Archived] from the original on July 16, 2022. Retrieved November 12, 2021.</ref>. Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2021, Wikipedia e ne e wetse mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ya bolesometharo mo lefatsheng ka ntlha ya go dirisa inthanete mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref name=":15" /> ==== Ngwaga wa 2022 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2022, Modiri wa Wikipedia Richard Knipel o ne a tlhama setlhogo sa [[:en:Artwork_title|setlhogo sa Botaki]], se poeletso ya sone ya ntlha e neng e le mokwalo yo o santseng o tla baakangwa e e tlhagisitsweng ke [[:en:ChatGPT|ChatGPT]] e Knipel a neng a e dirile diphetogo tse dinnye go tsamaisana thata le maemo a Wikipedia. Knipel o boletse mo [[:en:Talk_page|tsebeng ya puisano]] gore o dumela gore ke lekgetlo la ntlha mongwe a dirisa ChatGPT go tlhama pego ya Wikipedia. Go romelwa ga pego e go ne ga kgalwa ke barulaganyi ba bangwe mme ga tsosa kganetsano mo setšhabeng sa Wikipedia, mme se sa dira gore go nne le kganetsano e e tseneletseng ka gore a ChatGPT le dikai tse di tshwanang le yone di tshwanetse go dirisiwa mo go kwaleng diteng tsa Wikipedia le gore, fa go le jalo, di tshwanetse go dirisiwa go le kana kang.<ref>Harrison, Stephen (January 12, 2023). [https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/chatgpt-wikipedia-articles.html "Should ChatGPT Be Used to Write Wikipedia Articles?]". Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230128200141/https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/chatgpt-wikipedia-articles.html Archived] from the original on January 28, 2023. Retrieved January 30, 2023.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2023 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2023, segokaganyi sa sesupa ditlhaka sa tafole sa Wikipedia se ne sa fetolwa lekgetho la ntlha fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 2010, go nna sebopedgo se sesha se se bitswang [[:en:Vector_2022|Vector 2022]].<ref>"[[foundationsite:news/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-a-fresh-new-look-first-desktop-update-in-a-decade-puts-usability-at-the-forefront/|Wikipedia Gets a Fresh New Look: First Desktop Update in a Decade Puts Usability at the Forefront]]". Wikimedia Foundation. January 18, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230119234339/https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-a-fresh-new-look-first-desktop-update-in-a-decade-puts-usability-at-the-forefront/ Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> Segokakanyi sa modirisi se segolo se sesha se ne sa nyatswa thata ke badirisi. Dikganetso tse dintsi di ne di tlhomile mogopolo mo thulaganyong ya bophara jo bo tlhomameng, e e neng ya dira gore go nne le sebaka se sesweu se se feteletseng mo dintlheng tsa dimonithara tse di bulegileng, mme se sa dira gore go nne le motlotlo wa mafoko a le dikete tse borobabongwe wa gore a letlalo le lesha le tshwanetse go nna le le tlwaelesegileng. [[:en:Swahili_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seswahili]] e ne ya tlhopa ka bongwefela jwa pelo go gana letlalo le lesha mme "ka bokhutshwane" ya batla gore go boelwe kwa letlalong la bogologolo. Go tshwaiwa phoso go gongwe go ne ga lebisiwa kwa Mokgatlhong wa Wikimedia ka go thapa setlhopha sa batlhami se se nang le maitemogelo a a lekanyeditsweng mo diwiki. Brandon Harris, yo e neng e le motlhami yo mogolo kwa Wikipedia go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2010 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2014, o ne a re: "Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia gantsi o thapa batlhami ba ba sa tlwaelanang le baagi, mme ba tsena abo ba leka go dira diphetogo tseo tsotlhe—ba taboga ka tlhogo pele go nna shaga ya modumo —mme baagi ba gana ka tsela e e utlwalang]".<ref name=":20">Rauwerda, Annie (January 18, 2023). [https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/wikipedia-redesign-vector-2022-skin.html "Wikipedia's Redesign Is Barely Noticeable. That's the Point"]. Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120005241/https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/wikipedia-redesign-vector-2022-skin.html Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Wikimedia Sound Logo Finalist VQ97.wav|thumb|Letshwao la modumo la Wikimedia (go akaretsa le Wikipedia)<ref name=":16">[[foundationsite:news/2023/03/28/wikipedias-new-sound-logo-winner/|"Wikipedia's new sound logo: Winner of The Sound of All Human Knowledge contest announced".]] Wikimedia Foundation. March 28, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230406101352/https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/03/28/wikipedias-new-sound-logo-winner/ Archived] from the original on April 6, 2023. Retrieved May 2, 2023.</ref>]] Morago ga therisano le kgaisano, letshwao [[:en:Sound_logo|la ntlha la modumo]] la Wikimedia (go akaretsa le Wikipedia) le ne la amogelwa.<ref name=":16" /> ==== Ngwaga wa 2024 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a lelesome le boraro, ka ngwaga wa 2024, kopololo ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane, e e bolokilweng mo [[:en:5D_optical_data_storage|polokelong ya tshedimosetso ya 5D optical]], e ne ya tsenngwa mo lefelong la patlisiso le le ka fa tlase ga lefatshe kwa Switzerland, le le nang le kgonagalo ya go bolokwa dingwaga di ka nna dibilione di le lesome le bone, ka ntlha ya maranyane ya polokelo e e dirisitsweng. Kopololo e ka balega ka go dirisa [[:en:Microscope|sedirisiwa sa go godisa dilo tse dinnye gore di bonale sentle]], kwantle ga go tlhoka go dirisa [[:en:Digital_electronics|thekenoloji ya maranyane a segompieno]] .<ref>"[https://www.archmission.org/gkv Global Knowledge Vault]". Arch Mission Foundation - Preserving humanity forever, in space and on Earth. Retrieved May 26, 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2024, kopololo ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya goroga ka katlego mo Ngweding, jaaka karolo ya lenaneo la Galactic Legacy Archive. Thomo e ne ya dirwa ke [[:en:Intuitive_Machines|Metšhini ya Intuitive]], fa sefofane se se dirisang mollo sone se ne sa itsisiwe semmuso ke [[:en:SpaceX|SpaceX]]. Tshedimosetso e e ne e bolokilwe jaaka e e dirisang dikarolo di le lesome le borataro tsa nickel, mme go akanyediwa gore e ka nna mo godimo ga Ngwedi dingwaga di ka nna dibilione di le tlhano. <ref>"[https://www.archmission.org/galactic-legacy-archive Galactic Legacy Archive]". Arch Mission Foundation - Preserving humanity forever, in space and on Earth. Retrieved May 26, 2026.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2025 ==== ==== Ngwaga wa 2026 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Work-in-progress animation of the Wikipedia 25 birthday mascot scrolling on a phone.gif|thumb|Setshwantsho sa Baby Globe e tsamayatsamaya mo mogaleng wa letheka]] Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano, Wikipedia e ne ya keteka ngwaga wa yone wa masome a mabedi le botlhano.<ref>[https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00074-1 "Wikipedia is needed now more than ever, 25 years on"]. Nature. 649 (8099): 1079–1080. January 28, 2026. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00074-1|10.1038/d41586-026-00074-1]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1476-4687 1476-4687.]</ref> Go ne ga tlhamiwa motseletsele wa ditokomane le "lebokoso la go boloka dilo tsa nako" jaaka karolo ya meletlo.<ref>Roth, Emma (January 15, 2026). [https://www.theverge.com/news/861935/wikipedia-25th-anniversary-2026 "Wikipedia turns 25 and shares a glimpse into the lives of its volunteer editors]". The Verge. Retrieved February 25, 2026.</ref> Go ne ga gololwa setshwantsho se se tlhamilweng ke modirisi BaduFerreira se se bidiwang [[:en:Baby_Globe|Baby Globe]]. E ne ya tlhagelela fa mokgwa wa letsatsi la matsalo o ne o kgontshitswe mo Wikipedia. Go ne ga tlhamiwa [[:en:Plush|seaparo]] sa Baby Globe se se ka [[:en:Collectable|kokoanngwang]] ka tirisanommogo le Makeship.<ref>Fear, Natalie (January 15, 2026). [https://www.creativebloq.com/design/wikipedia-unveils-adorable-mascot-for-25th-anniversary "Wikipedia's new mascot is too cute for words"]. Creative Bloq. Retrieved February 25, 2026.</ref> Baby Globe e ne ya tlosiwa mo lefelong la Wikipedia ka kgwedi ya Moranang a le malatsi a le supa.<ref>"[[foundationsite:wikipedia25/wikipedia-mascot/|Meet Baby Globe, Wikipedia's 25th birthday mascot]]". Wikimedia Foundation. Retrieved April 14, 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bosupa, Wikipedia e ne ya thibela tiriso ya diteng tse di tlhamilweng ke [[:en:Large_language_model|di-LLM]] mo dipegong tsa yone, kwa ntle ga dithanolo le diphetogo tse dinnye tsa di kopololo.<ref>Milman, Oliver (March 27, 2026). [https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2026/mar/27/wikipedia-bans-ai "Wikipedia bans AI-generated content in its online encyclopedia"]. The Guardian. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077 0261-3077]. Retrieved March 31, 2026.</ref><ref>"[https://www.newsweek.com/wikipedia-bans-ai-content-after-debate-11746790 Wikipedia bans one type of content after 'heated debate']". Newsweek. March 27, 2026. Retrieved March 31, 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong a tlhola malatsia le lesome le bongwe, Wikipedia e ne ya golola Kgwetlho ya go Bala ya Ngwaga wa bo masome a mabedi le botlhano ya tiriso ya iOS go tloga ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bongwe go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borobabobedi mme Baby Globe e ne ya tlhagisiwa gape.<ref>"[[mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Team/25th_Birthday_Reading_Challenge|Wikimedia Apps/Team/25th Birthday Reading Challenge"]]. MediaWiki. May 11, 2026. Retrieved June 14, 2026.</ref> == Ditso go ya ka maphata a thuto == === Didirisiwa tsa sesupaditlhaka le mananeo a sesupaditlhaka === Pego ya konokono: [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]] ''Mananeo a sesupaditlhaka a a tsamaisang Wikipedia, le sedirisiwa sa sesupaditlhaka, mafelo a polokelo a di server le ditsamaiso tse dingwe tse Wikipedia e ikaegileng ka tsone.'' * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2001, Wikipedia e ne ya tsamaya mo [[:en:UseModWiki|UseModWiki]], e e kwadilweng ka [[:en:Perl|Perl]] ke [[:en:Clifford_Adams|Clifford Adams]]. Sesupaditlhaka se se fang disupaditlhaka tse dingwe ditirelo le tshedimosetso mo mafaratlhatlheng e ne e sa ntse e dirisa [[:en:Linux|Linux]], le fa mokwalo wa ntlha o ne o bolokilwe mo sedirisweng sa polokelo sa faele go na le mo polokelong ya tshedimosetso ya database . Ditlhogo di ne di bidiwa ka mokgwa wa [[:en:CamelCase|CamelCase]]. * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2002, "Kgato ya bobedi" ya mananeo a sesupa ditlhaka ya wiki e e fang Wikipedia maatla e ne ya tlhagisiwa, e e neng ya emisetsa [[:en:UseModWiki|UseModWiki]] ya bogologolo. E kwaletswe lenaneo leo ka tlhamalalo ke [[:en:Magnus_Manske|Magnus Manske]], e ne e akaretsa [[:en:Wiki_engine|enjene ya wiki]] ya [[:en:PHP|PHP]]. * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2002, [[:en:Rewrite_(programming)|go kwalwa sešwa mo gogolo]] ga mananeo a sesupaditlhaka e e fang Wikipedia maatla go ne ga simolola; e e bidiwang "Kgato ya boraro", e ne ya tsaya sebaka sa mofuta wa bogologolo wa "Kgato ya bobedi", mme ya nna [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]]. E kwadilwe ke [[:en:Lee_Daniel_Crocker|Lee Daniel Crocker]] go tsibogela ditlhokego tse di oketsegang tsa lenaneo le le golang. * Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2002, Derek Ramsey o ne a tlhama [[:en:Internet_bot|bot]] – thulaganyo e e itirisang e e bidiwang [[:en:Rambot|Rambot]] – go oketsa palo e ntsi ya dipego tse di buang ka ditoropo tsa lefatshe la United States; dipego tseo di ne tsa tlhagisiwa ka go itirisa go tswa mo tshedimosetsong ya [[:en:U.S._census|palobatho ya U.S.]] Ka jalo o ne a oketsa palo ya dipego tsa Wikipedia ka dikete tse masome a mararo le boraro le makgolo a borobabobedi le masome a mararo le bobedi.<ref>[[:en:Andrew_Lih|Lih, Andrew]] (2009). [https://books.google.com/books?id=AWuZAAAAQBAJ&q=%22Derek+Ramsey+%28Wikipedian%29%22 ''The Wikipedia Revolution'']. Hachette Digital, Inc. pp. 99–106. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1401395858|978-1401395858]].</ref> Se se biditswe "kgato e e tsosang kganetsano go gaisa mo ditsong tsa Wikipedia"<ref>Lih, p. 99.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2003, go ne ga okediwa ka tshegetso ya sekaelo tsa dipalo mo [[:en:TeX|TeX]]. Ditaelo tse di kwadilweng ka puo ya sesupaditlhaka di ne tsa ntshiwa ke Tomasz Węgrzanowski. * Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a a robangbongweka ngwaga wa 2003, segokaganyi sa [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] sa Wikipedia se ne sa fetolwa go dira gore di-ISBN mo dipegong di golagane le E kgethegileng:Metswedi ya Dibuka, e e tsayang diteng tsa yone go tswa mo tsebeng e e ka rulaganngwang ke modirisi ya [[:en:Wikipedia:Book_sources|Wikipedia:Metswedi ya dibuka]]. Pele ga se, dintlha tsa kgokagano ya ISBN di ne tsa tsenngwa khoutu mo lenaneong la sesupa ditshwantso mme go ne ga tshitshinngwa tse dišwa mo tsebeng ya Wikipedia:ISBN. Bona tseleganyo e e fetotseng se. * Morago ga kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 2003, melaetsa e e farologaneng ya tsamaiso e e neng e bontshiwa badirisi ba Wikipedia e ne e sa tlhole e tsentswe [[:en:Hard_coding|dikhoutu tse di thata]], mme se se ne sa dira gore [[:en:Wikipedia:Administrators|batsamaisi]] ba Wikipedia ba kgone go fetola dikarolo dingwe tsa segokaganyi sa MediaWiki, jaaka molaetsa o o neng o bontshiwa badirisi ba ba thibetsweng. * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2004, ditiro tsa disupaditlhaka se se fang disupaditlhaka tse dingwe ditirelo le tshedimosetso mo mafaratlhatlheng di ne tsa fudusiwa go tswa kwa San Diego, kwa California go ya kwa [[:en:Tampa,_Florida|Tampa, kwa Florida]].<ref>"[[mailarchive:wikitech-l/2004-February/008420.html|Server swapping soon]]". lists.wikimedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140618061009/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2004-February/008420.html Archived] from the original on June 18, 2014. Retrieved February 10, 2007.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e thola malatsi ka ngwaga wa 2004, lefelo la tshedimosetso tsotlhe tse di farologaneng di ne tsa tlhabololwa go nna mofuta o mošwa wa mananeo a sesupaditlhaka sa [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]]. * Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa 2004, go ne ga tlhagelela ditiragalo tsa ntlha tsa ditsenngwa tsa "go aroganngwa ka ditlhopha". Maano a ditlhopha, jaaka Diphetogo tsa Bosheng le Phetolo ya Tsebe E, di ne di ntse di le teng fa e sa le Wikipedia e tlhongwa. Le fa go ntse jalo, Sanger o ne a lebile maano jaaka manaane, le dipego tse di tsenngwang ka diatla, fa maiteko a go [[:en:Categorization|aroganya ka ditlhopa]] a ne a ikaegile ka ditsenngwa tsa go tlhaola ka ditlhopa ka bongwe mo pegong nngwe le nngwe ya ensaetlopedia, jaaka karolo ya go aroganya ka ditlhopha mo go golo mo go itirisang ga dipego tsa ensaetlopedia.<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Categorization|"Wikipedia:Categorization]]", Wikipedia. Retrieved 30 January 2007.</ref> * Morago ga kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le mararo ka ngwaga wa 2004, batsamaisi ba ne ba ka tseleganya mokgwa wa segokaganyi ka go fetola [[:en:Cascading_Style_Sheets|CSS]] mo pampiring ya mokgwa wa buka e le nngwe mo [[:en:MediaWiki:Monobook.css|MediaWiki:Monobook.css.]] * Gape ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 2004, ka MediaWiki 1.3, go ne ga tlhamiwa lefelo la maina la mokwalo wa go rulaganya diteng, le le letlang go [[:en:Transclusion|tsenngwa]] ga ditlhangwa tse di tlwaelesegileng . * Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 2005 ka oura ya boraro mo mosong ka Nako e e [[:en:Eastern_Time_Zone|Tlwaelesegileng ya Botlhaba]], bontsi jwa sesupaditlhaka se se fang disupaditlhaka tse dingwe ditirelo le tshedimosetso mo mafaratlhatlheng tsa Wikimedia di ne tsa fudusediwa kwa lefelong le lesha le le ka kwa ga mmila. Mananeo otlhe a Wikimedia a ne a sa dire ka nako e. * Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2013, kgato ya ntlha ya polokelo ya tshedimosetso ya [[:en:Wikidata|Wikidata]] ya interwiki e ne ya nna teng mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo tsa Wikipedia.<ref name=":13" /> * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2013, go ne ga tlhongwa segokaganyi sa go tseleganya sa VisualEditor, se se neng se letla badirisi go tseleganya Wikipedia ba dirisa morulaganyi wa mafoko wa [[:en:WYSIWYG|WYSIWYG]] (o o tshwanang le [[:en:Word_processor|modirisiwa wa go rulaganya mafoko]]) go na le [[:en:Wiki_markup|go tshwaya wiki]].<ref name=":18" /> Segokaganyi sa go fetolang se se tokafaditsweng didiriswa tsa mogala wa letheka le sone se ne sa gololwa.<ref name=":19" /> ==== '''Ponalo le mokgwa wa tiriso''' ==== ''Ponalo ya kwa ntle ya Wikipedia, tsela e e [[:en:Look_and_feel|lebegang ka yone, mokgwa o e dirang]] ka one, le letshwao la yone , tsotlhe jaaka di bonwa ke badirisi''. * Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2002, BrilliantProse, e moragonyana e neng ya bidiwa Featured Articles (Ditlhogo tse di Tlhophilweng),<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Featured_articles|"Wikipedia:Featured articles"]]. Wikipedia. Retrieved 30 January 2007.</ref> e ne ya fudusiwa go tswa mo lefelong la pego go ya mo lefelong la Wikipedia. * Mo e ka nnangka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2003, go ne ga tsenngwa letshwao le lesha la Wikipedia.<ref>"[[m:International_logo_vote/Finalists|International logo vote/Finalists".]] Meta-Wiki. Wikimedia. [https://web.archive.org/web/20060716073834/http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/International_logo_vote/Finalists Archived] from the original on July 16, 2006. Retrieved July 8, 2006.</ref> Kgopolo ya letshwao leo e ne ya tlhophiwa ka tshegetso ya ditlhopho, mme morago ga moo ga latela tshekatsheko ya go tlhopha mofuta o o gaisang. Letshwao la bofelo le ne la tlhamiwa ke David Friedland (yo o dirisang leina la “''nohat''” mo Wikipedia), le ikaegile ka mokgwa le kgopolo tse di neng tsa tlhamiwa ke Paul Stansifer. * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2004, karolo ya “Did You Know (DYK)” e ne ya tlhagelela la ntlha mo Tsebeng e Kgolo. * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2004, ka nako ya ka oura ya bolesome le boferabongwe le metsotso e le masome a manê le borataro mo nakong ya UTC. Ponalo eo e ne ya akaretsa ditlhogo tse di tlhophilweng tsotlhe ka seatla, tse di neng di akaretsa:Setlhogo se se Tlhophilweng sa Letsatsi (Daily Featured Article),Ditiragalo tsa Segopotso (Anniversaries),Mo Dikgangnyeng (In the News),le Did You Know (DYK). * Ka '''kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlola malatsi a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 2005''', go ne ga tlhongwa '''porata ya dipuo tsotlhe''' mo atereseng ya '''www.wikipedia.org''', e e neng ya emisetsa go romela badirisi ka tlhamalalo kwa Wikipedia ya Seesimane. * Ka la 5 Tlhakole 2005, [[:en:Portal:Biology|tsebe e e kgobokanyang dikgokagano le tshedimosetso tsotlhe tse di amanang le setlhogo sa :Biology]] e ne ya tlhamiwa, mme ya nna tsebe ya ntlha ya setlhogo sengwe (thematic portal) mo Wikipedia ya Seesimane. Le fa go ntse jalo, kgopolo eo e ne e setse e simolotswe mo Wikipedia ya Sejeremane, kwa [[:de:Portal:Recht|tsebe e e kgobokanyang dikgokagano le tshedimosetso tsotlhe tse di amanang le setlhogo sa Recht]] :Recht (Dithuto tsa Molao) e neng ya tlhongwa ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2003.<ref>[[:de:Wikipedia:WikiProjekt Portale/2003|Portals on German Wikipedia ordered by date of creation.]]</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2005, Wikipedia ya Seesimane e ne ya simolola mokgwa wa go tlhagisa setshwantsho se se tlhophilweng sa letsatsi mo Tsebeng e Kgolo. * Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhla malatsi a le lseome le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2006, morago ga ditlhopho, Tsebe e konokono ya Wikipedia ya Seesimane e ne ya fetolwa sešwa la ntlha morago ga dingwaga di ka nna pedi. * Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2010, lefelo la tshedimosetso le ne la golola sebopego se sesha. Dikarolo tse disha di ne di akaretsa:letshwao le le ntšhafaditsweng, didirisiwa tse disha tsa go tsamaya mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ,le sedirisiwa sa go thusa go tlhama dikgokagano.<ref name=":17" /> === Diphetogo tsa thulaganyo ka ngwaga wa 2023 === ''"Vector 2022" e kaela gape fa. Go bona tshedimosetso ka go dirisa Vector 2022 mo Wikipedia, leba [[:en:Wikipedia:Vector_2022|Wikipedia:Vector 2022.]]'' [[Setshwantsho:Top of the Pluto page in the Vector skin.png|thumb]] [[Setshwantsho:Top of the Pluto page in the Vector 2022 skin.png|thumb|Pego ya Pluto mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane, e bontshiwa ka matlalo a Vector 2010 (ka fa molemeng) le Vector 2022 a kgontshitswe]] Vector 2022, e leng ntšhwafatso ya Vector 2010 ya sebopego sa pele sa Wikipedia, e ne ya itsisiwe ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa 2020, mme kwa tshimologong e ne e rulaganyeditswe go tlhagelela ka ngwaga wa 2021, pele ga e ka dirisiwa ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2023.<ref name=":21">Kurtz, Jason (September 24, 2020). [https://www.cnn.com/2020/09/24/tech/wikipedia-redesign-trnd/index.html "Wikipedia due to get its first substantial website redesign in a decade]". CNN Business. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120112945/https://www.cnn.com/2020/09/24/tech/wikipedia-redesign-trnd/index.html Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2023, Wikimedia e ne e dirile gore ntšhwafatso e nne teng [[:en:List_of_Wikipedias|mo dikgatisong tsa yone tsa puo]] di le makgolo a mararo; e ne e le tlwaelo ya diphetolelo tsa Searabia le Segerika.<ref name=":22">Fingas, Jon (January 19, 2023). [https://www.engadget.com/wikipedia-desktop-web-redesign-211000932.html "Wikipedia's first desktop design update in a decade doesn't rock the boat (updated)"]. Engadget. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230119195554/https://www.engadget.com/wikipedia-desktop-web-redesign-211000932.html Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref><ref name=":20" /><ref name=":23">[https://www.pcmag.com/news/wikipedia-desktop-site-gets-new-look-its-first-in-over-10-years "Wikipedia Desktop Site Gets New Look, Its First in Over 10 Years".] PC Magazine. January 18, 2023. [https://www.pcmag.com/news/wikipedia-desktop-site-gets-new-look-its-first-in-over-10-years Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> Vector 2022 e na le [[:en:User_interface|segokanyimmediamentsi sa sebolokigolo]] sa modirisi se se tlhabolotsweng se se dirang diphetogo tse dintsi mo thulaganyong ya dintlha tsa segokaganyi. Gareng ga tsone, lenaneo la go tlhopha puo, le pele le neng le le kafa molemeng wa sefatlhego sa sesupaditshwantsho, jaanong o fitlhelwa mo sekhutlong se se kwa godimo sa moja sa pontsho ya setlhogo se se balwang gone jaanong.<ref name=":23" /> Mo godimo ga moo, bara e e kafa thoko e kgona go phuthega ka fa morago ga [[:en:Hamburger_button|konopo ya hamburger]]. Vector 2022 gape e oketsa [[:en:Margin_(typography)|dintlha]] tsa pontsho ya dipego, e e nang le phelelo ya go lekanyetsa bophara jwa pego;<ref name=":23" /> go na le toggle e e ka fokotsang dintlha le go atolosa bophara jwa mola wa pego go tlatsa sefatlhego sa sesupaditshwantso.<ref name=":24">Perez, Sarah (January 18, 2023). [https://techcrunch.com/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-its-first-makeover-in-over-a-decade-and-its-fairly-subtle/ "Wikipedia gets its first makeover in over a decade... and it's fairly subtle"]. techcrunch.com. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230119214848/https://techcrunch.com/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-its-first-makeover-in-over-a-decade-and-its-fairly-subtle/ Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref><ref name=":20" /> Bogolo jwa mokwalo jo bo dirisiwang ka tlwaelo ga bo ise bo okediwe, le fa [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] o boleletse ''Engadget'' gore o solofela go dira se kgetho mo isagong.<ref name=":22" /> Tiro ya patlo le yone e ne ya tlhabololwa mo Vector 2022, ka gonne maduoa a ntshitshitsweng go araba dipotso tsa modirisi jaanong di akaretsa ditshwantsho le ditlhaloso tse dikhutshwane go tswa mo ditsebeng tse go buiwang ka tsone.<ref name=":23" /><ref name=":25">Nguyen, Britney. [https://www.businessinsider.com/new-wikipedia-update-looks-different-desktop-redesign-2023-1 "It's not just you  – Wikipedia looks different"]. ''Business Insider''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120012218/https://www.businessinsider.com/new-wikipedia-update-looks-different-desktop-redesign-2023-1 Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] o ne wa bolela gore phetogo eno e ne e tlhotlhelediwa ke keletso ya go dira gore lefelo leno le nne la segompieno le go tokafatsa maitemogelo a go tsamaya le go tseleganya mo babading ba ba senang maitemogelo a maranyane, ka gonne letlalo la pele le ne le tsewa le le "le le sa siamang le le le fekeetsang."<ref name=":21" /><ref name=":22" /><ref name=":24" /> Diteko tse di dirilweng ke motheo di ne tsa oketsa maduo a mokgatlho oo ka koketsego ya badirisi ba dipatlisiso ka karolo ya masome a mararo mo lekgolong, le phokotsego ya karolo ya lesome le botlhano mo lekgolong ya go tsamayatsamaya mo lefelong la tshedimosetso.<ref name=":22" /><ref name=":24" />Diphetolelo tsa ntlha tsa Vector 2022 di ne tsa simolola go dirisiwa la ntlha ka ngwaga wa 2020 mo mafelong a Wikipedia a puo ya Sefora, Sehebera le Sepotokisi,<ref name=":21" /> ​​jaaka fa dikarolo tse disha tsa sebopego di ne di anamisiwa mo badirising gore di lekwe ka iketlo pele ga le gololwa ka botlalo.<ref>Lyles, Taylor (September 24, 2020). [https://www.theverge.com/2020/9/23/21453300/wikipedia-desktop-redesign-2021 "Wikipedia is getting its first desktop redesign in 10 years".] The Verge. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120152848/https://www.theverge.com/2020/9/23/21453300/wikipedia-desktop-redesign-2021 Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> Sebopego se ne sa simolola go dirisiwa jaaka lsebopego se se tlwaelesegileng la babadi ba mafelo a Wikimedia ka dipuo di le makgolo a mararo (mo go tse makgolo a mararo le lesome le borobabobedi) ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2023.<ref name=":22" /><ref name=":20" /><ref name=":23" /> Morago ga go anamisa mo gontsi ga Vector 2022, go santse go kgonega go bala Wikipedia o dirisa sebopego se se fetileng. Le fa go ntse jalo, go dira jalo go tlhoka gore babadi ba ikwadisetse lenaneo le le letlellang go tsena mo Wikipedia, mme morago ba tlhome ditlhopho tsa bone go bontsha Vector 2010 boemong jwa seo.<ref name=":23" /> Ga go na diphetogo tse di dirilweng mo dibopegong tsa Wikipedia jaaka Monobook le Timeless, tse le tsone di sa ntseng di le teng go ka dirisiwa.<ref name=":20" /><ref>[https://gizmodo.com/wikipedia-wikimedia-online-encyclopedia-1850002977 "Try and Spot the Differences in Wikipedia's First New Look in 11 Years]". Gizmodo. January 18, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230119134259/https://gizmodo.com/wikipedia-wikimedia-online-encyclopedia-1850002977 Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> [[:en:Wikipedia_users|Badirisi ba Wikipedia]] ba ne ba kgaogane ka diphetogo tse. Kopo ya tshwaelo mo [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] e e botsang baagi gore a Vector 2022 e tshwanetse go dirisiwa kgotsa nnyaa jaaka sebopego sa tlwaelo se kokoantse mafoko a a fetang dikete tse masome a borobabongwe mo dikarabong.<ref name=":20" /> Batshwayadiphoso ba go tlhamiwa sešwa ba ne ba ganetsa thata [[:en:White_space_(visual_arts)|phatlha e e tshweu]] e e tlogetsweng e le lolea mo sebopegong se lešwa, fa badirisi ba bangwe ba ne ba nyatsa batshwayadiphoso ba re ba na le kganetso ya phetogo.<ref name=":20" /> Barulaganyi ba le lekgolo le masome a marataro le botlhano ba ba neng ba tsaya karolo mo motlotlong ba ne ba sa amogele letlalo le lešwa, fa ba le lekgolo le masome a matlhano a le boraro ba ne ba rata, mme ba le robongwe ba ne ba nna ba sa tseye letlhakore.<ref name=":26">Pearl, Mike (January 18, 2023). [https://mashable.com/article/new-wikipedia-redesign "Yes, Wikipedia looks weird. Don't freak out"]. ''Mashable''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120012235/https://mashable.com/article/new-wikipedia-redesign Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref><ref name=":20" /><ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3ARequests_for_comment%2FDeployment_of_Vector_%282022%29&diff=latest&oldid=1117412136 Wikipedia history page".] ''en.wikipedia.org''.</ref> Le fa go ne go na le palo e kgolo ya barulaganyi ba ba neng ba tlhagisa gore ga ba batle gore Vector 2022 e dirisiwe ka sebopego sa yone sa ga jaana, ka tumalano mo Wikipedia e sa tseelwe tshwetso ka tlhopo, puisane e ne ya tswalelwa go go tshegetsa sebobego se sesha, go akanyediwa ditshwaelo tse di siameng tse di tlogetsweng ke badirisi ba bangwe.<ref name=":26" /><ref name=":20" /> Batlhami ba Vector 2022 ba dirile diphetogo dingwe mo sebopegong go tsibogela ditshwaelo, tse di jaaka go tsenya toggle go kgontsha diteng tsa pego go tlatsa bophara jotlhe jwa sefatlhego sa sesupaditshwantso.<ref name=":20" /><ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Requests_for_comment/Deployment_of_Vector_(2022)&oldid=1138588215 "Wikipedia:Requests for comment/Deployment of Vector (2022)"]. February 10, 2023 – via Wikipedia.</ref> Badirisi ba [[:en:Swahili_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seswahili]] ba ne ba sa dumalane ka bongwefela jwa pelo le go tsenngwa tirisong ga sebopego se lešwa.<ref name=":20" /> Babegadikgang ba ba neng ba tsibogela go anamisa ga Vector 2022 ba ne ba tsaya ntšhwafatso le dikarolo tse disha tse di tlhagisitsweng e le ditlaleletso tse di mosola, mme ka kakaretso ba ne ba tlhalosa sebopego jaaka ntšhwafatso e nnye e e neng ya se ka ya fetola maitemogelo a bone a go bala mo Wikipedia.<ref name=":25" /><ref name=":20" /> <ref name=":24" />[[:en:Annie_Rauwerda|Annie Rauwerda]], motlhami wa lenaneo la go letlella go tsena tsa media wa loago tsa [[:en:Depths_of_Wikipedia|Boteng jwa Wikipedia]], o kwadile mo [[:en:Slate_(magazine)|''Slate'']] gore Vector 2022 e ne e sa "farologane thata" le letlalo le le fetileng. Rauwerda o ne a lemoga gape go tshwana fa gare ga tsibogo ya baagi ba Wikipedia kgatlhanong le moakanyetso le dikganetso tsa nako e e fetileng tsa diphetogo tse di tshwanang tsa pono mo mafelong a a tlwaelegileng a a jaaka [[:en:Reddit|Reddit]].<ref name=":20" /> Rauwerda, le Mike Pearl wa ''Mashable'', ba ne ba akgela ka gore badirisi ba ba sa itumeleleng phetogo eo ba ka nna ba sekaseka mo motlotlong o o buang ka sebopego se, kgotsa ba dirisa ditiriso tsa go itebaganya tse di ageletsweng mo lefelong leo go fetola maitemogelo a bone a go bala.<ref name=":26" /><ref name=":20" /> === Go kokoanya madi === [[Setshwantsho:WMF Support and Revenue, Expenses and Net Assets at Year End.jpg|thumb|Tlhabololo ya matlole ya Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia (ka US$), 2003–2023]] Ngwaga le ngwaga, Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia o tsamaisa matsholo a go kokoanya madi mo Wikipedia go tshegetsa ditiro tsa one. Tse ka kakaretso di tsaya mo e ka nnang kgwedi mme di diragala ka dinako tse di farologaneng tsa ngwaga mo dinageng tse di farologaneng. Mo godimo ga matshwao a phatlalatso a go kokoanya madi mo Wikipedia ka boyone, go na gape le matsholo a melaetsa ya maranyane; melaetsa e mengwe e laletsa batho go tlogela madi a Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia mo diwiling tsa bone.<ref>"[[m:Fundraising#Current_fundraising_activities|Fundraising – Meta"]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220525020516/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fundraising#Current_fundraising_activities Archived] from the original on May 25, 2022. Retrieved May 18, 2022.</ref> <ref>James Lileks (May 2, 2021). [https://www.startribune.com/lileks-wikipedia-wants-me-to-do-what/600052774/ "Lileks: Wikipedia wants me to do what?"]. Star Tribune. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210503001943/https://www.startribune.com/lileks-wikipedia-wants-me-to-do-what/600052774/ Archived] from the original on May 3, 2021. Retrieved May 24, 2022.</ref>Lotseno lo tlhatlogile ngwaga le ngwaga wa go nna teng ga Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia, lwa fitlha go didikadike di le didolara tsa Amerika di le lekgolo le masome a ferabongwe le disente di le lesome le bosupa go tloga ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa 2023, fa lo bapisiwa le ditshenyegelo tsa didikadike di le didolara tsa Amerika di le lekgolo le masome a marataro le borobongwe le disente di le lesome.<ref>[https://www.dailydot.com/debug/wikipedia-endownemnt-fundraising/ "Wikipedia is swimming in money – why is it begging people to donate?"]. The Daily Dot. May 24, 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210524121107/https://www.dailydot.com/debug/wikipedia-endownemnt-fundraising/ Archived] from the original on May 24, 2021. Retrieved September 23, 2021.</ref><ref>[[foundationsite:wp-content/uploads/File:Wikimedia_Foundation_FS_FY2022-2023_Audit_Report.pdf|"File: Wikimedia_Foundation_FS_FY_2022-2023_Audit_Report.pdf – Wikimedia Foundation Governance Wiki"]] (PDF). ''Foundation.wikimedia.org''. October 5, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240101140450/https://wikimediafoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/File:Wikimedia_Foundation_FS_FY2022-2023_Audit_Report.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, Wikimedia Endowment, e leng maiteko a a farologaneng a go kokoanya madi a a simolotsweng ka ngwaga wa 2016, a ne a fitlha ko didikadikeng di le didolara di le lekgolo ka ngwaga wa 2021, dingwaga di le tlhano ka bonako go feta ka fa go neng go rulagantswe ka gone.<ref>[https://diff.wikimedia.org/2021/09/22/the-wikimedia-endowment-reaches-100-million-milestone-and-welcomes-three-new-members-to-its-board-more-on-what-these-developments-mean-for-the-projects-and-movement/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2021/09/22/the-wikimedia-endowment-reaches-100-million-milestone-and-welcomes-three-new-members-to-its-board-more-on-what-these-developments-mean-for-the-projects-and-movement/ "The Wikimedia Endowment reaches $100 million milestone and welcomes three new members to its Board: More on what these developments mean for the projects and movement".] September 22, 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210924014012/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2021/09/22/the-wikimedia-endowment-reaches-100-million-milestone-and-welcomes-three-new-members-to-its-board-more-on-what-these-developments-mean-for-the-projects-and-movement/ Archived] from the original on September 24, 2021. Retrieved September 23, 2021.</ref> === Ditlamorago tsa kwa ntle === * Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Wikipedia e ne ya tsewa e tshwanela go dirisiwa jaaka motswedi o mogolo ke [[:en:UK_Intellectual_Property_Office|Ofisi ya Thoto ya Tlhaloganyo ya UK]] mo katlholong ya kgetse ya letshwaokgwebo la [[:en:Formula_One|Formula One]].<ref>In deciding the trademark of F1 racing {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071031053106/http://www.ipo.gov.uk/tm/t-decisionmaking/t-challenge/t-challenge-decision-results/o16907.pdf|date=31 October 2007}}, the UK Intellectual Property Office considered both the reliability of Wikipedia and its usefulness as a reliable source of evidence:<blockquote>Wikipedia has sometimes suffered from the self-editing that is intrinsic to it, giving rise at times to potentially libellous statements. However, inherently, I cannot see that what is in Wikipedia is any less likely to be true than what is published in a book or on the websites of news organisations. [Formula One's lawyer] did not express any concerns about the Wikipedia evidence [presented by the plaintiff]. I consider that the evidence from Wikipedia can be taken at face value.</blockquote>The case turned substantively upon evidence cited from Wikipedia in 2006 as to the usage and interpretation of the term "F1".</ref> * Fa nako e ntse e ile, Wikipedia e ne ya amogelwa ke metswedi ya dikgang e e tlwaelesegileng jaaka "motswedi o o botlhokwa" wa ditiragalo tse disha tse dikgolo, tse di jaaka [[:en:2004_Indian_Ocean_earthquake|thoromo ya lefatshe ya Lewatle la India ya 2004]] le [[:en:Tsunami|tsunami]] e e amanang le yone, [[:en:2008_American_Presidential_election|ditlhopho tsa botautona tsa Amerika tsa 2008]],<ref>Vargas, Jose Antonio (September 17, 2007). [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/09/16/AR2007091601699.html "On Wikipedia, Debating 2008 Hopefuls' Every Facet".] ''[[:en:The_Washington_Post|The Washington Post]]''. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286 0190-8286.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20230116071359/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/09/16/AR2007091601699.html Archived] from the original on January 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023. <q>...at the same time, it's hard to find a more up-to-date, detailed, thorough article on [[:en:Barack_Obama|Obama]] than Wikipedia's. As of Friday, Obama's article – more than 22 pages long, with 15 sections covering his personal and professional life – had a reference list of 167 sources.</q></ref> le go [[:en:Virginia_Tech_shooting|thuntshiwa ga Virginia Tech]] ka ngwaga wa 2007. Setlhogo sa bofelo se ne sa fitlhelelwa makgetlo a le dikete tse masome a supa le botlhano mo malatsing a mabedi, mme makwalo a dikgang a a gatisitsweng mo lefelong la gaeno go thuntshiwa a oketsa ka gore "Wikipedia e tlhageletse jaaka lefelo la go phepafatsa tshedimosetso e e feletseng ka tiragalo eno."<ref>[http://www.cyberjournalist.net/news/004178.php "Wikipedia emerges as key source for Virginia Tech shootings"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071022200632/http://cyberjournalist.net/news/004178.php|date=22 October 2007}}. ''The New York Times'' via Cyberjournalist.net. 2007. "Even ''[[:en:The_Roanoke_Times|The Roanoke Times]]'', which is published near [[:en:Blacksburg,_Virginia|Blacksburg, Va]]., where the university is located, noted on Thursday that Wikipedia 'has emerged as the clearinghouse for detailed information on the event'."</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mbadi le bongwe ka ngwaga wa 2007, Noam Cohen wa ''New York Times'' o ne a bega gore barutegi bangwe ba ne ba thibela tiriso ya Wikipedia jaaka sedirisiwa sa patlisiso.<ref>Cohen, Noam (February 21, 2007). [https://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/21/education/21wikipedia.html "A History Department Bans Citing Wikipedia as a Research Source]". ''The New York Times''. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170331235327/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/21/education/21wikipedia.html Archived] from the original on March 31, 2017. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola ka ngwaga wa 2007, pego mo lekwalong la dikgang la [[:en:The_Harvard_Crimson|The Harvard Crimson]] e ne ya bega gore baporofesara bangwe kwa Mmadikolo ya Harvard ba ne ba akaretsa Wikipedia mo dithulaganyong tsa bone tsa thuto, mme go ne ga nna le kgaogano mo tseleng e ba neng ba leba go dirisa Wikipedia ka yone.[233] * Ka Phukwi 2013, patlisiso e kgolo e e dirilweng ke diyunibesiti di le nne tse dikgolo e ne ya supa diathikele tse di neng di ngangisanwa thata mo Wikipedia, mme ya fitlhela gore Iseraele, Adolf Hitler le Modimo di ne di ngangisanwa ka bogale go feta ditlhogo dipe tse dingwe.[234] ==== Ditlamorago tsa diathikele tsa bayokerafi ==== Ka gore mekwalo ya matshelo a batho tsa Wikipedia di nna di tokafadiwa gangwe le gape fa tshedimosetso e ntšhwa e nna teng, gantsi di dirisiwa e le motswedi wa tshedimosetso ka matshelo a [[:en:Category:Living_people|batho ba ba tumileng]]. Se se dirile gore go nne le maiteko a go fetola kgotsa go tsenya tshedimosetso ya maaka mo ditlhogong tsa Wikipedia ka maikaelelo a go ipapatša kgotsa go senya seriti sa motho (Bona [[:en:History_of_Wikipedia#Controversies|Karolo ya Dikganetsano]]). Gape se dirile gore go nne le ditsela tse disha tsa go dirisa tshedimosetso ya mokwalo wa matshelo a batho e e fitlhelwang mo go yone. * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa 2005, [[:en:Wikipedia_Seigenthaler_biography_incident|kganetsano ya ga Seigenthaler]] e ne ya nna teng fa motsietsi mongwe a ne a bolela mo Wikipedia gore mmegadikgang John Seigenthaler o ne a na le seabe mo [[:en:Kennedy_assassination|polaong ya ga Kennedy]] ka ngwaga 1963. * Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga 2006, rametlae wa Mojeremane e bong [[:en:Atze_Schröder|Atze Schröder]] o ne a sekisa Arne Klempert, mokwaledi wa [[:en:Wikimedia_Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]] ka gonne a ne a sa batle gore leina la gagwe la mmatota le gatisiwe mo Wikipedia. Moragonyana Schröder o ne a gogela ngongorego ya gagwe morago mme o ne a batla gore ditshenyegelo tsa mmueledi wa gagwe di duelwe ke Klempert. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya swetsa ka gore motaki o tshwanetse go duelela ditshenyegelo tseo ka boene. * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2007, raditiragalo wa Turkey [[:en:Taner_Akçam|Taner Akçam]] o ne a tshwarwa ka nakwana fa a goroga kwa [[:en:Montréal–Pierre_Elliott_Trudeau_International_Airport|Boemafofaneng jwa Boditšhabatšhaba jwa Montréal–Pierre Elliott Trudeau]] ka ntlha ya tshedimosetso ya maaka mo mokwalong wa botshelo jwa gagwe ya Wikipedia e e neng e bolela gore ke serukhutlhi.<ref>[http://news.independent.co.uk/fisk/article2469270.ece "Caught in the deadly web of the internet"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20071001000113/http://news.independent.co.uk/fisk/article2469270.ece Archived] 1 October 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Robert Fisk. [[:en:The_Independent|The Independent]]. 21 April 2007. Retrieved 24 July 2007.</ref><ref>Jay, Paul (June 22, 2007). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20070629051007/http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/tech/wikipedia2.html A question of authority]". [[:en:CBC_News|CBC News]]. Archived from [http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/tech/wikipedia2.html the original] on June 29, 2007. Retrieved July 24, 2007.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa 2008, radipolotiki wa [[:en:The_Left_(Germany)|Lekoko la Left]] la Jeremane e bong [[:en:Lutz_Heilmann|Lutz Heilmann]] o ne a bolela gore mafoko mangwe a a neng a a bua mo setlhogong sa gagwe sa Wikipedia a ne a senya leina la gagwe. O ne a atlega go bona taelo ya kgotlatshekelo ya go dira gore Wikimedia Deutschland e tlose lefelo le le botlhokwa la go batla. Se se ne sa dira gore batho mo lefatsheng lotlhe ba bontshe tshegetso e kgolo mo Wikipediang, ga nna le meneelo e mentsi e e neng ya newa Wikimedia Deutschland, mme palo ya batho ba ba neng ba etela tsebe ya ga Lutz Heilmann letsatsi le letsatsi ya tlhatloga go tswa go ba le mmalwa fela go ya go batho ba ka nna halofo ya milione. Moragonyana ga moo, Heilmann o ne a kopa kgotla gore e phimole taelo eo ya kgotla.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/oddlyEnoughNews/idUSTRE4AI7NB20081119?feedType=RSS&feedName=oddlyEnoughNews&rpc=69 "Lawmaker apologizes for blocking Wikipedia"]. ''Reuters''. November 19, 2008. Retrieved November 20, 2008.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2008, Wikimedia Nederland, kgaolo ya Dutch, e ne ya fenya taelo ya ntlha morago ga gore rakgwebo a golaganngwe mo pegong ya "gagwe" le sekebekwa [[:en:Willem_Holleeder|Willem Holleeder]] mme a batla gore pego eo e phimolwe. Moatlhodi kwa [[:en:Utrecht_(province)|Utrecht]] o ne a dumela polelo ya Wikimedia ya gore ga e na tlhotlheletso mo diteng tsa Wikipedia ya Sedatšhe.<ref>[[wmnl:Wikimedia_Nederland_wint_kort_geding_Sijthoff/en|"Wikimedia Nederland wint kort geding Sijthoff/en – Wikimedia"]]. ''nl.wikimedia.org'' (in Dutch). [https://web.archive.org/web/20230131143955/https://nl.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Nederland_wint_kort_geding_Sijthoff/en Archived] from the original on January 31, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2009, fa radipolotiki wa Mojeremane e bong [[:en:Karl-Theodor_zu_Guttenberg|Karl Theodor Maria Nikolaus Johann Jacob Philipp Franz Joseph Sylvester Buhl-Freiherr von zu Guttenberg]] a ne a nna tona ya puso ya bofederale ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 2009, modirisi yo o sa kwadisiwang o ne a oketsa ka setlhogo sa bolesome le bongwe sa Sejeremane ya ''Wilhelm'' se se filweng ka leina. Dipampiri tsa dikwalo di le dintsi di ne tsa e amogela. Fa batho ba Wikipedia ba ba kelotlhoko ba ne ba leka go tlosa ''Wilhelm'', go fetolwa go ne ga busediwa morago ga go nopolwa makwalo wa dikgang ao. Tsheko e ka go ikanyega ga Wikipedia le babegadikgang ba ba kopololang go tswa mo Wikipedia e ne ya bidiwa ''Falscher Wilhelm'' ("Wilhelm yo sele").<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20101204025315/http://wikimedia.de/fileadmin/wiki/Presse/Pressemitteilungen/pm_Medienkompetenz_1.pdf Wikimedia Deutschland press release"] (PDF). Archived from [http://wikimedia.de/fileadmin/wiki/Presse/Pressemitteilungen/pm_Medienkompetenz_1.pdf the original] (PDF) on December 4, 2010.; [http://futurezone.orf.at/stories/1502467/ ORF Futurezone] [https://web.archive.org/web/20090929010706/http://futurezone.orf.at/stories/1502467/ Archived] 29 September 2009 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Retrieved 27 May 2010.</ref> === Dikarolo tsa ntlha tsa ga Wales le Sanger === ''Bona gape: [[:en:Jimmy_Wales#Co-founder_status_dispute|Jimmy Wales § Kganetsano ya maemo a motlhami-mmogo]], le [[:en:Larry_Sanger#Status_as_Wikipedia_co-founder|Larry Sanger § Boemo jaaka motlhami-mmogo wa Wikipedia]]'' Wales, ga mmogo le ba bangwe, ba ne ba tla ka le go duelela kgopolo ya ensaetlopedia e e bulegileng, e e dirisanang mmogo e e neng e tla amogela meneelo go tswa mo bathong ba ba tlwaelegileng.<ref name=":4" /> Sanger o nnile le seabe se se botlhokwa mo go seo jaaka [[:en:Editor-in-chief|morulaganyi-mogolo]] wa Nupedia le modiri yo mogolo.<ref name=":33">Bergstein, Brian (March 25, 2007). [https://web.archive.org/web/20131005002629/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/17798723/ "Sanger says he co-started Wikipedia"]. NBC News. Associated Press. Archived from [http://www.nbcnews.com/id/17798723 the original] on October 5, 2013. Retrieved March 28, 2007. The nascent Web encyclopedia Citizendium springs from Larry Sanger, a philosophy PhD who counts himself as a co-founder of Wikipedia, the site he now hopes to usurp. The claim doesn't seem particularly controversial – Sanger has long been cited as a co-founder. Yet the other founder, Jimmy Wales, isn't happy about it..</ref> Mo molaetseng wa ga Sanger wa matseno wa lenaane la go romela Nupedia, o ne a bolela gore Jimmy Wales "o ne a ikgolaganya le nna mme a nkopa gore ke dire kopo ya go nna morulaganyi-mogolo wa Nupedia. [...] O ne a na le kgopolo ya Nupedia fa e sa le bobotlana ka letlhafula le le fetileng. O mpolelela gore, fa a akanya ka batho (bogolo jang boradifilosofi) ba ba neng ba ka kgona go laola porojeke eno ka lobaka lo loleele, o ne a tla nna yo o itekanetseng mo tirong eno eleruri ke tiro ya me ya ditoro".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20030710141440/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2000-April/000143.html nupedia-l Introduction"]. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2000-April/000143.html the original] on July 10, 2003. Retrieved November 19, 2013.</ref> Sanger o tshitshintse go dirisa wiki go tlamela ka porojeke e e tlaleletsang ya batho ba ba "tshositsweng le go borega" ke dithulaganyo tse di raraaneng tsa Nupedia,<ref name=":31" /> mme a tlhama leina la "Wikipedia" jaaka leina la porojeke.<ref>Terdiman, Daniel (December 21, 2005). [https://www.cnet.com/news/wikipedia-founder-modifies-his-bio/#! "Wikipedia founder modifies his bio".] [[:en:CNET|CNET]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140327233948/http://www.cnet.com/news/wikipedia-founder-modifies-his-bio/#! Archived] from the original on March 27, 2014.</ref><ref name=":33" /> Se se ne sa bonwa ka bophara jaaka tsela ya go thibolola setšhaba se se golang sa Ba-Nupedia ba ba neng ba fitlhela go le thata go ntsha seabe.<ref name=":33" />Sanger o ne a tswelela go dira mo Nupedia fa a ntse a thusa mo Wikipedia (go akaretsa le go kwala dipholisi tse di jaaka "Itlhokomolose melao yotlhe"<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20010416035716/http://www.wikipedia.com/wiki/RulesToConsider "Rules To Consider]". Ignore all rules. [[:en:Internet_Archive|Internet Archive]]. Archived from [https://www.wikipedia.com/wiki/RulesToConsider the original] on April 16, 2001. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref> le "Pono e e sa tseyeng letlhakore"<ref name=":32" />) mme a dira le moeteledipele wa go fitlhelela batho go aga setšhaba sa barulaganyi ba Nupedia le Wikipedia.<ref name=":33" /> Fa a tsamaya ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2002, Sanger o ne a gatelela gore kgang e kgolo e ne e le fela go emisiwa ga go newa madi a seabe sa gagwe, se se neng se sa kgonege ka nako e e rileng,<ref name=":30" /> mme a rotloetsa ba bangwe go tswelela go tsenya letsogo mo Wikipedia fa a ntse a ela tlhoko gore Nupedia e ne e ka se kgone go tshela kwantle ga morulaganyi-mogolo wa nako e e tletseng]<ref name=":30" />. Moragonyana mo ngwageng oo o ne a emisa go tsenya letsogo mo lenaneong lepe la tsone, mme ka ngwaga wa 2004 o ne a setse a tshwaya Wikipedia diphoso phatlalatsa. Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2004 o ne a kwala tlhamo a nganga gore Wikipedia e ne e na le bothata jwa go nna kgatlhanong le batho ba maemo.<ref name=":34">[https://features.slashdot.org/story/05/04/18/164213/the-early-history-of-nupedia-and-wikipedia-a-memoir "The Early History of Nupedia and Wikipedia: A Memoir – Slashdot"]. features.slashdot.org. April 18, 2005. Retrieved August 21, 2023.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2005 o ne a gatisa buka ya dikgopolo tsa botshelo ya dikarolo tse pedi ya tiro ya gagwe ka ga Nupedia le Wikipedia, a tlhagisa seabe sa gagwe mo go di tlhameng le tumelo e e tswelelang ya gore Nupedia e tshwanelwa ke go bolokwa.<ref name=":34" /> Moragonyana mo ngwageng oo Wales e ne ya simolola go kgarameletsa morago go tlhalosa ga ga Sanger seabe sa gagwe mo lenaneong.<ref name=":35">Mitchell, Dan (December 24, 2005). "[https://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/24/technology/24online.ready.html?ex=1293080400&en=431aff478b00239e&ei=5090&partner=rssuserland&emc=rss Insider Editing at Wikipedia]". [[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20071013084516/http://nytimes.com/2005/12/24/technology/24online.ready.html?ex=1293080400&en=431aff478b00239e&ei=5090&partner=rssuserland&emc=rss Archived] from the original on October 13, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref><ref>Hansen, Evan (December 19, 2005). [https://web.archive.org/web/20061230053039/http://www.wired.com/news/culture/0%2C1284%2C69880%2C00.html "Wikipedia Founder Edits Own Bio"]. [[:en:Wired_(magazine)|Wired]]. [[:en:Wired_News|Wired News]]. Archived from [https://www.wired.com/news/culture/0,1284,69880,00.html the original] on December 30, 2006. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref><ref>Finkelstein, Seth (February 12, 2009). [https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2009/feb/12/wiki-answers-wikia "What's in a name? Everything, when you're talking wiki value".] [[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131002212052/http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2009/feb/12/wiki-answers-wikia Archived] from the original on October 2, 2013. Retrieved February 12, 2009.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa 2006, morago ga go thankgololwa ga Citizendium, Sanger o ne a kgala Wikipedia thata, a e tlhalosa e le "e e thubegileng e e ka se kang ya baakanngwa."<ref>Thomson, Iain (April 13, 2007). [https://web.archive.org/web/20070426034156/http://www.iwr.co.uk/information-world-review/news/2187709/wikipedia-broken-beyond-repair "Wikipedia 'broken beyond repair' says co-founder"]. [[:en:Information_World_Review|Information World Review]]. Archived from [http://www.iwr.co.uk/information-world-review/news/2187709/wikipedia-broken-beyond-repair the original] on April 26, 2007. Retrieved April 15, 2007.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2005, Wales o ne a itlhalosa fela jaaka mothei wa Wikipedia;<ref name=":35" /> le fa go ntse jalo, go ya ka Brian Bergstein wa [[:en:Associated_Press|Associated Press]], "Sanger ga a bolo go umakiwa jaaka mothei-mmogo."<ref name=":33" /> Sanger le Wales ba ne ba umakiwa jaaka mothei-mmogo mo dipegelong tse di farologaneng tsa dipotsolotso go tswa mo dipegelong tse dišwa tsa bobegadikgang le, ka ngwaga 2001<ref name=":36">Peter Meyers (September 20, 2001). [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9800E5D6123BF933A1575AC0A9679C8B63&n=Top%2fReference%2fTimes%20Topics%2fSubjects%2fC%2fComputer%20Software "Fact-Driven? Collegial? This Site Wants You"]. The New York Times. [https://web.archive.org/web/20071226154410/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9800E5D6123BF933A1575AC0A9679C8B63&n=Top%2FReference%2FTimes%20Topics%2FSubjects%2FC%2FComputer%20Software Archived] from the original on December 26, 2007. Retrieved April 18, 2007. It's kind of surprising that you could just open up a site and let people work," said Jimmy Wales, Wikipedia's co-founder and the chief executive of Bomis, a San Diego search engine company that donates the computer resources for the project. "There's kind of this real social pressure to not argue about things." Instead, he said, "there's a general consensus among all of the really busy volunteers about what an encyclopedia article needs to be like.</ref> le ngwaga wa 2002.<ref>Wales, Jimmy (August 6, 2002). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20090408184006/http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/xodp/message/1720 3apes open content web directory]". [[:en:Yahoo!|Yahoo! Tech Groups forum post.]] [[:en:WebCite|WebCite]]. Archived from [http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/xodp/message/1720 the original] on April 8, 2009. Retrieved April 3, 2009. I'm Jimmy Wales, co-founder of Nupedia and Wikipedia, the open content encyclopedias.</ref> Pele ga kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga 2004, Wales e ne e sa ganetse maemo a ga Sanger jaaka motlhami-mmogo.<ref>Bishop, Todd (January 26, 2004). [https://www.seattlepi.com/business/article/Microsoft-Notebook-Wiki-pioneer-planted-the-seed-1135376.php "Microsoft Notebook: Wiki pioneer planted the seed and watched..."] Seattle Post-Intelligencer. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200225123302/https://www.seattlepi.com/business/article/Microsoft-Notebook-Wiki-pioneer-planted-the-seed-1135376.php Archived] from the original on February 25, 2020. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, Wales o ne a re, "O ne a tle a ntirele [...] Ga ke dumalane le go mmitsa motlhami-mmogo, mme o rata sereto".<ref>James Niccolai, [http://www.pcadvisor.co.uk/news/index.cfm?newsid=7177 "Wikipedia taking on the vandals in Germany]" [https://web.archive.org/web/20071022165415/http://pcadvisor.co.uk/news/index.cfm?newsid=7177 Archived] 22 October 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. [[:en:PC_Advisor|PC Advisor]]. 26 September 2006.</ref> Go simolola ka 2006, fa Sanger a ne a kwala le go botsolodiwa thata ka ga go simololwa ga Citizendium, o ne a gatelela maemo a gagwe jaaka motlhami-mmogo, le metswedi eno ya pele e e neng e mo tlhalosa jalo.<ref name=":33" /><ref name=":36" /><ref>Heim, Judy (September 4, 2001). "[http://www.technologyreview.com/Infotech/12586/ Free the Encyclopedias!"]. ''[[:en:Technology_Review|Technology Review]]''. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref><ref>Sanger, Larry. "[http://www.larrysanger.org/roleinwp.html My role in Wikipedia (links)]". ''larrysanger.org''. Larry Sanger. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070312163901/http://www.larrysanger.org/roleinwp.html Archived] from the original on March 12, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref> === Dikganetsano === ''Dipego tse dikgolo: [[:en:Criticism_of_Wikipedia|Go Kganetsa Wikipedia,]] [[:en:Litigation_involving_the_Wikimedia_Foundation|Ditsheko tse di amang Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia,]] le [[:en:Reliability_of_Wikipedia|Go Ikanyega ga Wikipedia]]'' * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa 2005, [[:en:Wikipedia_Seigenthaler_biography_incident|kganetsano ya ga Seigenthaler]] e ne ya dira gore Brian Chase a tlogele tiro ya gagwe, morago ga gore Daniel Brandt wa [[:en:Wikipedia_Watch|Wikipedia Watch]] a senole gore ke ene yo o neng a dira diphetogo tseo. Morago ga tiragalo eo, lokwalo la dikgang lwa saense lwa [[:en:Nature_(journal)|Nature]] lo ne lwa dira patlisiso e e [[:en:Peer_review|sekasekilweng ke baitseanape]] go bapisa dipego tsa Wikipedia le tse di tshwanang le tsone mo [[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica|''Encyclopædia Britannica'']]. mme e ne ya fitlhelela gore tsotlhe tseo di ne di lekana ka nepagalo ya tshedimosetso.<ref>Giles, Jim (2005). [[doi:10.1038/438900a|"Internet encyclopaedias go head to head"]]. Nature. 438 (7070): 900–901. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005Natur.438..900G 2005Natur.438..900G.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1038/438900a|10.1038/438900a]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0028-0836 0028-0836]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16355180 16355180]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:4417563 4417563].</ref> <ref>"[http://www.nature.com/news/2005/051212/multimedia/438900a_m1.html The (Nature) peer review"]. Nature. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100410155113/http://www.nature.com/news/2005/051212/multimedia/438900a_m1.html Archived] from the original on April 10, 2010. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref>''Britannica'' e ne ya ganetsa mokgwa o patlisiso eo e neng ya dirwa ka one le diphitlhelelo tsa yone.<ref>Britannica: [http://corporate.britannica.com/britannica_nature_response.pdf Fatally Flawed. Refuting the recent study on encyclopedic accuracy by the journal Nature] [https://web.archive.org/web/20160709053629/http://corporate.britannica.com/britannica_nature_response.pdf Archived] 9 July 2016 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]</ref> Nature yone ga e a ka ya kopa maitshwarelo; go na le moo, e ne ya ema ka natla mo boikanyegong jwa patlisiso ya yone mme ya gana tsotlhe tsa diphoso tse di neng tsa supiwa.<ref>[https://www.nature.com/nature/britannica/index.html "Nature's responses to Encyclopaedia Britannica"]. Nature. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170515025717/https://www.nature.com/nature/britannica/index.html Archived] from the original on May 15, 2017. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Mo tshimologong go ya bogareng jwa ngwaga wa 2006, [[:en:Congressional_staffer_edits_to_Wikipedia|dikganetsano tse di amanang le baithusi ba maloko a Congress ka ga]] [[:en:Congressional_staffer_edits_to_Wikipedia|mekwalo ya matshelo a motho]] tsa Wikipedia di ne tsa tsenngwa mo pepeneneng. Go ne ga lemogiwa gore baithusi ba dipolotiki ba ne ba leka go tlhotlheletsa mekwalo ya matshelo a motho tsa boradipolotiki ba le mmalwa mo Wikipediang. Ba ne ba tlosa tshedimosetso e ba neng ba sa e rate (go akaretsa dipolelo tse di nyatsang le ditshepiso tsa letsholo la ditlhopho tse di neng di sa diragadiwa), ba tsenya tshedimosetso e e ba tlhagisang ka tsela e e siameng kgotsa dipolelo tsa go ba tlotla thata, kgotsa ba emisetsa karolo nngwe kgotsa setlhogo sotlhe ka mekwalo ya botshelo jwa motho e e kwadilweng ke badiri ba bona. Badiri ba boradipolotiki ba le batlhano bonnye ba ne ba amanngwa le ditiragalo tseno: [[:en:Marty_Meehan|Marty Meehan]], [[:en:Norm_Coleman|Norm Coleman]], [[:en:Conrad_Burns|Conrad Burns]], [[:en:Joe_Biden|Joe Biden]] le [[:en:Gil_Gutknecht|Gil Gutknecht]]. Ditiro tse di neng tsa kwalwa tsotlhe e ne e le tse di latelang.<ref name=":27" /> {| class="wikitable" |+ !Mopolotiki !Phetogo e dirilweng !Motswedi |- |[[:en:Joe_Biden|Joe Biden]], Senator wa Delaware |Go tlosiwa ga tshedimosetso e e neng e sa mo tsenye mo seemong se se siameng. |<ref name=":27">Nate Anderson (January 31, 2006). [https://arstechnica.com/news.ars/post/20060130-6079.html "Congressional staffers edit boss's bio on Wikipedia"]. arstechnica. [https://web.archive.org/web/20081012062850/http://arstechnica.com/news.ars/post/20060130-6079.html Archived] from the original on October 12, 2008. Retrieved June 9, 2014.</ref><ref name=":28">Noguchi, Yuki (February 9, 2006). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/02/08/AR2006020802212.html "Wikipedia's Help From the Hill"]. www.washingtonpost.com. Washington Post. Retrieved February 18, 2026.</ref> |- |[[:en:Conrad_Burns|Conrad Burns]], senator wa Montana |Go tlosiwa ga dipolelo tse di neng di mo nyatsa, mme ga tsenngwa dipolelo tse di mo tlotlang e le “lentswe la molemi.” |<ref name=":28" /><ref>Williams, Walt (November 6, 2025) [February 8, 2006]. [https://www.bozemandailychronicle.com/news/burns-office-may-have-tampered-with-wikipedia-entry/article_2b39cf61-340f-5f5b-9933-3e09f3e2de84.html "Burns' office may have tampered with Wikipedia entry]". [[:en:Bozeman_Daily_Chronicle|Bozeman Daily Chronicle]]. Retrieved February 13, 2007.</ref> |- |[[:en:Norm_Coleman|Norm Coleman]], Senator wa Minnesota |Go kwalwa sešwa ga setlhogo gore se mo tlhagise ka tsela e e siameng, go akaretsa go fetolwa ga lefoko “liberal” ka “activist.” |<ref name=":27" /><ref name=":28" /><ref name=":29">Davis, Matthew (February 9, 2006). [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/4695376.stm "Congress 'made Wikipedia changes'"]. news.bbc.co.uk. BBC News. Retrieved February 18, 2026.</ref> |- |[[:en:Gil_Gutknecht|Gil Gutknecht,]] Puthego ya Minnesota |Badiri ba gagwe ba ne ba kwala setlhogo sešwa mme ba tlosa tshedimosetso ka ga tsotlhe ya letsholo la gagwe la ditlhopho e a neng a sa e diragatse, Go dirwa maiteko a le mmalwa la ntlha ka akhaonto e e nang le leina, mme morago ka aterese ya IP e e sa itsiweng. |Mmueledi wa ga Gutknecht ga a ka a ganetsa gore ofisi ya gagwe e ne ya baakanya setlhogo seo, mme o ne a belaela gore tshedimosetso ya Wikipedia e ka ikanngwa.<ref>Diaz, Kevin (August 16, 2006). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20060821074302/http://www.startribune.com/587/story/618899.html Gutknecht joins Wikipedia tweakers".] Minneapolis-St. Paul Star Tribune. Archived from [http://www.startribune.com/587/story/618899.html the original] on August 21, 2006.</ref> |- |[[:en:Marty_Meehan|Marty Meehan]], Phutego ya Massachusetts |Go emisetswa ga setlhogo ka baekerafi e e kwadilweng ke badiri ba gagwe, go akaretsa go tlosiwa ga tshedimosetso ka ga tsotlhe ya letsholo la gagwe la ditlhopho e a neng a sa e diragatse. |<ref name=":27" /><ref name=":29" /> |} * Mo tiragalong e e farologaneng mme e e tshwanang, motsamaisi wa letsholo la ga [[:en:Cathy_Cox_(American_politician)|Cathy Cox]] la go nna [[:en:Governor_of_Georgia|mmusi wa Georgia]], Morton Brilliant, o ne a rola tiro morago ga go fitlhelwa a okeditse tshedimosetso e e sa siamang mo dikwalong tsa Wikipedia tsa baganetsi ba sepolotiki.<ref>Information included the mention of an opponent's son's arrest in a fatal drunk driving crash and allegations of questionable business practices of another opponent. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110524041212/http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2002958137_campaign28m.html "Online postings changed; ex-Gregoire aide resigns"]. The Seattle Times. April 28, 2006. Archived from [http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2002958137_campaign28m.html the original] on May 24, 2011. Retrieved July 27, 2013.</ref> Morago ga go phatlaladiwa mo metsweding ya dikgang, ditiragalo tse di ne tsa fokotsega ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2006. * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2006, Joshua Gardner o ne a senolwa jaaka Kgosi ya maaka ya Cleveland e e nang le tsebe ya Wikipedia.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/GMA/LegalCenter/story?id=1501916 "Student Reporters Expose 'Royal' Sex Offender]". ABC News. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230325084727/https://abcnews.go.com/GMA/LegalCenter/story?id=1501916 Archived] from the original on March 25, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2007, ba-Wikipedia ba puo ya Seesemane kwa [[:en:Qatar|Qatar]] ba ne ba thibelwa ka nakwana go fetola, morago ga go senya dilo ka bontsi, ke motsamaisi yo o neng a sa lemoge gore pharakano ya maranyane a lefatshe le e tsamaisiwa ka tsedimosetso e e bontshang lefelo la motho e le nngwe ya IP. Metswedi e mentsi ya bobegakgang e ne ya bolela ka bonako gore Wikipedia e ne e thibela Qatar go tsena mo lefelong leno.<ref>"[http://www.informationweek.com/story/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=196800476 Wikipedia Founder Refutes Claims That It Banned Qatar]" [https://web.archive.org/web/20071022202210/http://informationweek.com/story/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=196800476 Archived] 22 October 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Thomas Claburn. [[:en:InformationWeek|''InformationWeek'']]. 2 January 2007.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola masome a mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2007, modiri mongwe wa [[:en:Microsoft|Microsoft]] o ne a ithaopela go duela [[:en:Rick_Jelliffe|Rick Jelliffe]] go sekaseka le go fetola dipego dingwe tsa Wikipedia malebana le mofuta wa tokomane ya motswedi o o bulegileng o o neng o gaisana le fomete ya Microsoft.<ref>Bergstein, Brian (January 23, 2007). [https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna16775981 "Microsoft offers cash for Wikipedia edit"]. [[:en:NBC_News|NBC News]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131205062212/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/16775981 Archived] from the original on December 5, 2013. Retrieved February 1, 2007.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2007, lekwalo la dikgang wa [[:en:The_New_Yorker|The New Yorker]] o ne wa ntsha paakanyo e e sa tlwaelegang ya gore morulaganyi yo o tlhageletseng wa [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] le motsamaisi yo o bidiwang "Essjay", o ne a tlhamile motho a dirisa dintlha tsa boitshupo tse di itlhametsweng.<ref>[[:en:Stacy_Schiff|Schiff, Stacy]] (July 24, 2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20060813110914/http://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/060731fa_fact "Annals of Information: Know It All: Can Wikipedia conquer expertise?]". [[:en:The_New_Yorker|The New Yorker]]. Archived from [https://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/060731fa_fact the original] on August 13, 2006. Retrieved April 16, 2007.</ref><ref>Finkelstein, Seth (March 8, 2007). "[https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2007/mar/08/media.comment Read me first]". The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070329052204/http://technology.guardian.co.uk/weekly/story/0,,2028328,00.html Archived] from the original on March 29, 2007. Retrieved April 16, 2007.</ref>Motseleganyi, [[:en:Essjay_controversy|Ryan Jordan]], o ne a nna modiri wa Wikia ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2007 mme a senola leina la gagwe la mmantota; se se ne sa lemogwa ke Daniel Brandt wa Wikipedia Watch, mme a itsisiwe mokwadi wa setlhogo sa ntlha ([[:en:Essjay_controversy|kganetsano ya ga Essjay]]). * Gape ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2007, Barbara Bauer, moemedi wa dikwalo, o ne a sekisa Wikimedia ka ntlha ya go senya leina le go baka kotsi mo kgwebong ya gagwe, e leng Setheo sa Dikwalo sa Barbara Bauer.<ref>[https://www.eff.org/cases/bauer-v-glatzer "Bauer v. Wikimedia et al. | Electronic Frontier Foundation".] Eff.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100412233037/https://www.eff.org/cases/bauer-v-glatzer Archived] from the original on April 12, 2010. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref>Mo tshekong ya ga ''Bauer'' kgatlhanong le ''Glatzer'', Bauer o ne a bolela gore tshedimosetso e e mo Wikipedia e e neng e tshwaya bokgoni jwa gagwe jaaka moemedi wa dikwalo diphoso ke yone e e bakileng kotsi eno. [[:en:Electronic_Frontier_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Molelwane wa Eleketeroniki]] o ne wa sireletsa Wikipedia<ref>[https://www.eff.org/press/archives/2008/05/02 "EFF and Sheppard Mullin Defend Wikipedia in Defamation Case | Electronic Frontier Foundation".] Eff.org. May 2, 2008. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100407223854/http://www.eff.org/press/archives/2008/05/02 Archived] from the original on April 7, 2010. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> mme wa fuduga go kgaola tsheko ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 2008.<ref>[https://www.eff.org/files/filenode/wikimedia/motiontoquashmemo-wikimedia.pdf Motion to quash case (PDF)] [https://web.archive.org/web/20161020140651/https://www.eff.org/files/filenode/wikimedia/motiontoquashmemo-wikimedia.pdf Archived] 20 October 2016 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. EFF.org. 1 May 2008. Retrieved 19 October 2012.</ref> Tsheko kgatlhanong le Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia e ne ya kgaolwa ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola letsatsi le le lengwe ka ngwaga wa 2008.<ref>[https://www.eff.org/cases/bauer-v-glatzer "Bauer v. Wikimedia et al. | Electronic Frontier Foundation"]. Eff.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100713053150/http://www.citmedialaw.org/threats/bauer-v-wikimedia Archived] from the original on April 12, 2010. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo ka ngwaga wa 2007, modirisi mongwe yo o sa itsiweng o ne a [[:en:Chris_Benoit_double-murder_and_suicide#Wikipedia_controversy|tsenya tshedimosetso ya maaka]] e, ka tshoganyetso fela, e neng e tshwantshetsa [[:en:Chris_Benoit_double-murder_and_suicide|polao-go ipolaya ga ga Chris Benoit]], dioura di le mmalwa pele ga ditopo di bonwa ke babatlisisi. Go ribololwa ga tseleganyo go ne ga ngoka tlhokomelo e e anameng ya bobegakgang mme go ne ga begwa la ntlha mo saeteng ya kgaitsadi ya [[wikinews:Death of Nancy Benoit rumour posted on Wikipedia hours prior to the body being found|Wikinews]]. * Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2007, mo dipegelong tsa bone tsa loso lwa motlhami wa setlhogo sa sesupaditshwantso yo o sa tswang go tlhokafala [[:en:Ronnie_Hazlehurst|Ronnie Hazlehurst]], mekgatlho e le mentsi ya bobegakgang ya Borithane e ne ya bega gore o ne a kwala mmogo le ene pina ya [[:en:S_Club_7|S Club 7]] ya "[[:en:Reach_(S_Club_7_song)|Reach]]". Tota e bile, o ne a sa dira jalo, mme go ne ga lemogiwa gore tshedimosetso eo e ne e tserwe mo tseleganyong ya tsietso ya setlhogo sa ga Hazlehurst sa Wikipedia.<ref>Orlowski, Andrew. "[https://www.theregister.com/2007/10/03/wikipedia_obituary_cut_and_paste/ Braindead obituarists hoaxed by Wikipedia"]. The Register. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055525/https://www.theregister.com/2007/10/03/wikipedia_obituary_cut_and_paste/ Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2009, Lefelo la Bosetšhaba la Ditshwantsho le ne la ntsha lekwalo la go emisa le go tlogela tiro ka ntlha ya go tlola tshwanelo ya go kwala, kgatlhanong le morulaganyi wa Wikipedia yo o neng a laisolola ditshwantsho tse di fetang dikete tse tharo tsa setshwantso sa boleng jo bo ko godimo go tswa mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ya Mokgatlho wa NPG, mme a di baya mo [[:en:Wikimedia_Commons|Wikimedia Commons]] [[:en:National_Portrait_Gallery_and_Wikimedia_Foundation_copyright_disputehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Portrait_Gallery_and_Wikimedia_Foundation_copyright_dispute|(National Portrait Gallery and Wikimedia Foundation copyright dispute]])<ref>Kennedy, Maev (July 14, 2009). "[https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2009/jul/14/national-portrait-gallery-wikipedia-row Legal row over National Portrait Gallery images placed on Wikipedia".] The Guardian. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077 0261-3077]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170213165734/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2009/jul/14/national-portrait-gallery-wikipedia-row Archived] from the original on February 13, 2017. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100116135932/http://www.bjp-online.com/public/showPage.html?page=865802 "National Portrait Gallery receives support from BAPLA in its legal fight against Wikipedia]". Bjp-online.com. Archived from [http://www.bjp-online.com/public/showPage.html?page=865802 the original] on January 16, 2010. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref><ref>[https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/arts_and_culture/8151989.stm "Gallery in Wikipedia legal threat"]. July 15, 2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090719231100/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/arts_and_culture/8151989.stm Archived] from the original on July 19, 2009. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>[http://www.metro.co.uk/news/article.html?National_Portrait_Gallery_sues_Wikipedia&in_article_id=702647&in_page_id=34 "National Portrait Gallery sues Wikipedia]". Metro. UK. July 14, 2009. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref><ref>[https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/8156268.stm "Wikipedia painting row escalates]". July 17, 2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090723012706/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/8156268.stm Archived] from the original on July 23, 2009. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Moranang le kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 2010, go ne ga nna le kganetsano ka ga go amogela le go bontshiwa ga ditshwantsho tsa thobalano le ditshwantsho tse di fatlhang go akaretsa le ditshwantsho tsa bana mo Wikipedia.<ref>Schofield, Jack (May 12, 2010)[https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2010/may/10/ipad-apple . "Wikipedia's porn purge, and cleaning up for the iPad"]. The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131104202826/http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2010/may/10/ipad-apple Archived] from the original on November 4, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2010.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20101023073605/http://www.foxnews.com/scitech/2010/05/07/wikipedia-purges-porn/ "EXCLUSIVE: Wikipedia's Parent Company Starts Purging Porn From Its Websites"]. [[:en:Fox_News|Fox News]]. May 7, 2010. Archived from [http://www.foxnews.com/scitech/2010/05/07/wikipedia-purges-porn/ the original] on October 23, 2010. Retrieved October 24, 2010.</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10104946 "Wikimedia pornography row deepens as Wales cedes rights"]. BBC. May 10, 2010. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100618192131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/10104946.stm Archived] from the original on June 18, 2010. Retrieved October 24, 2010.</ref> E ne ya dira gore diteng tsa ditshwantsho tse di fatlhang di tlosiwe ka bontsi mo mafelong a Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia.<ref>"[http://www.mail-archive.com/foundation-l@lists.wikimedia.org/msg10574.html Jimmy Wales – Where things stand now".] May 8, 2010. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121010080055/http://www.mail-archive.com/foundation-l@lists.wikimedia.org/msg10574.html Archived] from the original on October 10, 2012. Retrieved November 28, 2010.</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10104946 "Wikimedia pornography row deepens as Wales cedes rights".] BBC. May 10, 2010. [https://web.archive.org/web/20101130150909/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10104946 Archived] from the original on November 30, 2010. Retrieved November 28, 2010.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa 2012, [[:en:Lord_Justice_Leveson|Lord Justice Leveson]] o ne a kwala jaana mo pegelong ya gagwe ka ga maemo a bobegadikgang jwa Borithane, "''The Independent'' e ne ya tlhongwa ka ngwaga wa 1986 ke babegadikgang e bong Andreas Whittam Smith, Stephen Glover le Brett Straub..." O ne a dirisitse setlhogo sa Wikipedia sa lekwalo la dikgang la [[:en:The_Independent|''The Independent'']] jaaka motswedi wa gagwe, mme tiro ya go senya le Brett Straub (moanelwa yo o sa itsiweng). <ref>McSmith, Andy (November 30, 2012). [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/press/levesons-wikipedia-moment-how-internet-research-on-the-independents-history-left-him-redfaced-8372446.html "Leveson's Wikipedia moment: how internet 'research' on The Independent's history left him red-faced"]. The Independent. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121204151536/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/press/levesons-wikipedia-moment-how-internet-research-on-the-independents-history-left-him-redfaced-8372446.html Archived] from the original on December 4, 2012. Retrieved December 8, 2012.</ref>''The Economist'' e ne ya bua jaana ka [[:en:Leveson_report|pegelo ya ga Leveson]], "Dikarolo tsa yone ke tiro ya sekere le go kgomaretsa e e tserweng mo Wikipedia."<ref>[https://www.economist.com/news/leaders/21567944-somewhat-mediocre-report-could-yet-lead-better-press-rules-britain-hacked-pieces "The Leveson Inquiry: Hacked to pieces]". The Economist. December 8, 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121227113012/http://www.economist.com/news/leaders/21567944-somewhat-mediocre-report-could-yet-lead-better-press-rules-britain-hacked-pieces Archived] from the original on December 27, 2012. Retrieved December 26, 2012.</ref> * Mo bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2013, batshwaedi ba ne ba abelana phatlalatsa ka ditshwaelo tsa go tlhagelela gape ga ditshwantsho tse dintsi tse di hepisang tse di phimotsweng mo Wikipedia fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref>Gray, Lila (September 17, 2013). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20131021064635/http://newswire.xbiz.com/view.php?id=169017 Wikipedia Gives Porn a Break"]. XBIZ.com. Archived from [http://newswire.xbiz.com/view.php?id=169017 the original] on October 21, 2013. Retrieved October 20, 2013.</ref> === Diphetogo tse di itsegeng le mananeo a a tswang mo go tsone === Go na le palo e kgolo ya dikaelo tsa [[:en:Wikipedia:Mirrors_and_forks|seipone tsa Wikipedia le diphetogo tse di itlhaotseng]]. Mafelo a mangwe mo maranyaneng le one a dirisa lenaneo le le laolang sesupaditlhaka sa MediaWiki le kgopolo ya yone, e e neng ya itsege thata ka ntlha ya Wikipedia. Ga go na lenaane le le tlhokometsweng la mafelo ano. Diphetogo tse di itlhophileng tsa dipuo tsa kwa ntle tse di dirisang kgopolo ya Wikipedia di akaretsa [[:en:Enciclopedia_Libre_Universal_en_Español|Enciclopedia Libre]] (ka puo ya Spanish), ''Wikiweise'' (ka puo ya Sejeremane), ''WikiZnanie'' (ka puo ya Serussia), [[:en:Susning.nu|Susning.nu]] (puo ya Seswedishe), le Baidu Baike (puo ya China). Mangwe a mafelo ano (jaaka ''Enciclopedia Libre)'' a dirisa ditetla tsa [[:en:GFDL|GFDL]] kgotsa tse di tsamaisanang le tsone tse di dirisiwang ke Wikipedia, mme seno se dira gore go nne le go ananya diteng le Wikipediang ya puo ya bone. Ka ngwaga wa 2006, Sanger o ne a tlhama [[:en:Citizendium|Citizendium]], e e neng e ikaegile ka mofuta o o fetotsweng wa [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]]. Lefelo la tshedimosetso leo le ne la re le ikaelela “go tokafatsa mokgwa wa Wikipedia ka go nna le tlhokomelo e e bonolo ya baitseanape, gareng ga dilo tse dingwe.” Ka ngwaga wa 2006 gape, motlhotlheletsi wa sepolotiki wa maikutlo a a tlhomameng le mmueledi [[:en:Andrew_Schlafly|Andrew Schlafly]] o ne a tlhama [[:en:Conservapedia|Conservapedia]], e e neng e ikaegile ka MediaWiki. === Phasalatso mo metsweding e mengwe === [[:en:German_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejeremane]] e ne e le ya ntlha go gatisiwa ka bontlhabongwe gape go dirisiwa metswedi e mengwe ya dikgang (go na le mo maranyaneng), go akaretsa le go gololwa mo CD ka Ngwanaitseele 2004[291] le mefuta e e atolositsweng mo sedirisiweng sa polokelo sa CDkgotsa DVD ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2005 le kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2006. Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2005 mogatisi wa Zenodot mbH, e leng kompone e e amanang le Directmedia,e gatisitse buka ya ditsebe di le lekgolo le masome a mararo le borobabongwe e e tlhalosang Wikipedia, ditso tsa yone le melawana ya yone, e e neng e patilwe ke sedirisiwa sa polokelo sa DVD ya bogolo jwa B jwa bosupa ntlha ya sephatlho e e nang le dipego di le dikete tse makgolo a a mararo le ditshwantsho di le dikete di le lekgolo go tswa mo Wikipedia ya Sejeremane.<ref>[http://www.heise.de/newsticker/result.xhtml?url=/newsticker/meldung/67137&words=Wikipedia%20DVD "Neue Wikipedia-DVD im Handel und zum Download"] (in German). [https://web.archive.org/web/20070605174842/http://www.heise.de/newsticker/result.xhtml?url=%2Fnewsticker%2Fmeldung%2F67137&words=Wikipedia%20DVD Archived] from the original on June 5, 2007. Retrieved April 25, 2007.</ref> Kwa tshimologong, Directmedia le yone e ne ya itsise ka maano a go gatisa Wikipedia ya Sejeremane ka botlalo, ka bogolo jwa volume di le lekgolo tsa ditsebe di le makgolo a le borobabobedi tsebe nngwe le nngwe. Kgatiso e ne e tshwanetse go simolola ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2006, mme e fele ka ngwaga wa 2010. Le fa go ntse jalo, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2006, lenaneo leo le ne la emisiwa.<ref>"[http://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/71231 Wikipedia wird noch nicht gedruckt]" (in German). March 24, 2006. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070416131622/http://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/71231 Archived] from the original on April 16, 2007. Retrieved April 25, 2007.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga w 2008, [[:en:Bertelsmann|Bertelsmann]] o ne a gatisa bolumo ya ditsebe di le sekete e e nang le dipego tse di tlhophilweng tse di tumileng tsa Wikipedia ya Sejeremane. Bertelsmann o ne a duela ka go ithaopa Yuro e le nngwe ka kopololo nngwe le nngwe e e rekisitsweng kwa [[:en:Wikimedia_Deutschland|Wikimedia]] [[:en:Wikimedia_Deutschland|ya Deutschland]].<ref>online, heise (March 24, 2006). "[https://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/Wikipedia-wird-noch-nicht-gedruckt-112468.html Wikipedia wird noch nicht gedruckt"]. heise online (in German). [https://web.archive.org/web/20181118200418/https://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/Wikipedia-wird-noch-nicht-gedruckt-112468.html Archived] from the original on November 18, 2018. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Porojeke ya lenaneo la ditaelo tsa sesupaditshwantso mahala le yone e simolotswe go dira gore mofuta o o sa fetogeng wa [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] o nne teng gore o dirisiwe mo [[:en:IPod|di-iPod]]. Lenaneo la “Encyclopodia” e ne ya simololwa mo e ka nnang ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga 2006 mme jaanong e ka dirisiwa mo di-iPod tsa kokomana ya ntlha go fitlha ya bonè.<ref>[https://encyclopodia.sourceforge.net/en/index.html "Encyclopodia – the encyclopedia on your iPod]". [[:en:SourceForge|SourceForge]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070427070452/http://encyclopodia.sourceforge.net/en/index.html Archived] from the original on April 27, 2007. Retrieved April 25, 2007.</ref> ==== Dikgololo tsa difaele tsa CD/DVD/Kiwix ZIM tsa Wikipedia ==== {| class="wikitable" |+ !Kgatiso !Ngwaga !Tlhaloso !Kgolagano ya go laola faele ya [[:en:ZIM_(file_format)|ZIM]] |- |Tlhopo ya CD ya Wikipedia ya ngwaga wa 2006 |2006 |Mofuta wa ntlha wa polokelo ya CD, o o neng o na le tlhopho ya ditlhogo go tswa mo [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipediang ya Seesemane]]. O ne wa phatlhalidiwa ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2006 ke [[m:Interwiki_map/discontinued#SchoolsWPSOSChildren|SOS Children.]]<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20070418030451/http://www.soschildrensvillages.org.uk/charity-news/education-cd.htm SOS Children releases 2006 Wikipedia CD Selection"]. [[m:Interwiki_map/discontinued#SchoolsWPSOSChildren|SOS Children.]] June 4, 2006. Archived from [http://www.soschildrensvillages.org.uk/charity-news/education-cd.htm the original] on April 18, 2007. Retrieved April 25, 2007.</ref> | |- |Wikipedia ya mohuta wa 0.5 |2007 |CD e e neng e na le ditlhogo di ka nna dikete tse pedi tse di tlhophilweng go tswa mo bukeng ya tshedimosetso ya maranyane e ne ya phatlaladisiwa ke [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] le Linterweb. Tlhopho ya ditlhogo e ne e ikaegile ka boleng jwa mofuta wa maranyane le botlhokwa jwa setlhogo se se neng se tshwanetse go akarediwa. E ne ya tlhamiwa e le teko ya go ipaakanyetsa mofuta wa polokelo ya DVD o o neng o tla akaretsa dipego tse dintsi thata.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070427230436/http://www.wikipediaondvd.com/site.php "Wikipedia 0.5 available on a CD-ROM]". April 2007. Archived from [http://wikipediaondvd.com/site.php the original] on April 27, 2007. Retrieved April 25, 2007.</ref><ref>[https://tweakers.net/nieuws/47253/Wikipedia-maakt-cd-voor-internetlozen.html "Wikipedia maakt cd voor internetlozen]" (in Dutch). [[:en:Tweakers.net|tweakers.net.]] April 25, 2007. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070428211831/http://tweakers.net/nieuws/47253/Wikipedia-maakt-cd-voor-internetlozen.html Archived] from the original on April 28, 2007. Retrieved April 25, 2007.</ref> Ditlhogo tsa polokelo ya CD di ne tsa rulaganywa go ya ka ditlhogo tsa tsone. Mofuta wa polokelo ya CD o ne o ka rekwa mo maranyaneng, wa laolwa jaaka [[:en:Disk_image|faele ya setshwantsho sa DVD]] kgotsa [[:en:Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team/Torrent_Project/Version_0.5|faele ya Torrent]], kgotsa wa bonwa mo lefelong la tshedimosetso la lenaneo. |<ref>[https://download.kiwix.org/archive/zim/wikipedia/wikipedia_en_wp1-0.5_2007-03.zim "Wikipedia Version 0.5 at download.kiwix.org"]. ''download.kiwix.org''.</ref><ref>"[https://archive.org/download/wikipedia_en_wp1-0.5_2007-03.zim wikipedia_en_wp1-0.5_2007-03.zim directory listing"]. archive.org.</ref> |- |Wikipedia ya mohuta wa 0.7 |2009 go ya kwa 2010 |Mofuta wa ntlha wa polokelo ya DVD. Kgatiso e e akaretsang ya ditlhogo di ka nna dikete di le masome a mararo tse di tserweng mo mafelong otlhe a dithuto. Go ne ga dirwa tiro ya diatla go tlosa tshenyo ya diteng, mme se sa diega letsatsi la kgololo. E akaretsa ditlhagiso tsa ditlhogo go ya ka maphata le mafelo a lefatshe, mmogo le lenaane la ditlhogo ka tatelano ya ditlhaka tsotlhe tsa puo. |<ref>"[https://download.kiwix.org/archive/zim/wikipedia/wikipedia_en_wp1-0.7_2009-05.zim Wikipedia Version 0.7]". download.kiwix.org.</ref> <ref>[https://archive.org/download/wikipedia_en_wp1-0.7_2009-05.zim "wikipedia_en_wp1-0.7_2009-05.zim directory listing"]. archive.org.</ref> |- |Wikipedia ya mohuta wa 0.8 |2011 |Kgatiso e e akaretsang ya ditlhogo di ka nna dikete di le masome a mane le bosupa le makgolo a le mararo tse di tserweng mo mafelong otlhe a dithuto. Go tlhophwa ga ditlhogo le go tlosa tshenyo ya diteng go dirisiwa ditsamaiso tse di tlhamilweng ke setlhopha sa baithaopi ba ba tswang mo setshabeng sa Wikipedia, mme seo sa tokafatsa thata nako ya go gololwa ga yone. E akaretsa fela lenaane la ditlhogo ka tatelano ya ditlhaka tsotlhe tsa puo mme ga e na go aroganya ditlhogo go ya ka magoro. |<ref>[https://download.kiwix.org/archive/zim/wikipedia/wikipedia_en_wp1-0.8_orig_2010-12.zim "Wikipedia Version 0.8"]. download.kiwix.org.</ref> <ref>"[https://archive.org/download/wikipedia_en_wp1-0.8_orig_2010-12.zim wikipedia_en_wp1-0.8_orig_2010-12.zim directory listing".] archive.org.</ref> |} Go tloga ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo ka ngwaga wa 2022, ga go ise go tlhole go na le ditokololo tse di tlhophilweng tsa dipego fa e sa le ka Mofuta wa Wikipedia 0.8.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 "Wikipedia:Version 1.0 Editorial Team"]. June 12, 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220707222542/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 Archived] from the original on July 7, 2022. Retrieved June 27, 2022 – via Wikipedia.</ref> === Ditsheko === Ka ditsela tse di lekanyeditsweng, Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia o sireleditswe ke [[:en:Section_230_of_the_Communications_Decency_Act|Karolo]] [[:en:Section_230_of_the_Communications_Decency_Act|makgolo a mabedi le boraro ya Molao wa Maitseo a Ditlhaeletsano]]. Mo kgatong ya go senya leina ''Bauer et al. v. Glatzer'' le ba bangwe, go ne ga tshwarwa gore Wikimedia ga e na tsheko e e ka e arabang ka ntlha ya karolo eno.<ref>[http://m.app.com/news.jsp?key=81411 "Judge tosses Matawan literary agent's defamation lawsuit against Wikipedia – Asbury Park Press"]. M.app.com. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref>Molao o o tshwanang kwa lefatshe la France o ne wa dira gore tsheko e kgaolwe ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2007.<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2007-11-05/French_lawsuit|Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2007-11-05/French lawsuit.]] 5 November 2007.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:Oberlandesgericht|kgotlatshekelo ya boikuelo ya Jeremane kgotsa Oberlandesgericht]] (Kgotlatshekelo e e Kwa Godimo ya Kgaolo ya Stuttgart) e ne ya atlhola gore Wikipedia ke "motlamedi wa tirelo" e seng "motlamedi wa diteng", mme ka jalo ga e na molato fa fela e tlosa diteng tse di latofadiwang ka gore ga di kafa molaong.<ref>Paulson, Michelle (December 2, 2013). [[diffblog:2013/12/02/legal-victory-german-court-wikimedia-foundation/|"In legal victory, German court rules Wikimedia Foundation need not proactively check for illegal or inaccurate content"]]. Diff. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230127005533/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2013/12/02/legal-victory-german-court-wikimedia-foundation/ Archived] from the original on January 27, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> == Bona gape == * [[:en:History_of_wikis|Ditso tsa diwiki]] * [[:en:List_of_Wikipedias|Lenaane la Diwikipedia]], le rulagantswe go ya ka letlha la go thankgololwa ga lone * [[:de:Wikipedia:Sprachen#Chronologie_der_Wikipedias_nach_Artikelanzahl|Tatelano ya ditiragalo tsa Diwikipedia ka palo ya diathikele]] (sejeremane) * [[:en:Predictions_of_the_end_of_Wikipedia|Diponelopele tsa bokhutlo jwa Wikipedia]] * [[:en:The_Wikipedia_Revolution|Phetogo ya Wikipedia]] – Buka ya 2009 e e kwadilweng ke [[:en:The_Wikipedia_Revolution|Andrew Lih]] * [[:en:Timeline_of_Wikipedia–U.S._government_conflicts|Mola wa nako wa Wikipedia–U.S. dikgotlhang tsa puso]] == Metswedi == 0rot7xtsznfc7rl8r2of9yim5my5dgz 53593 53589 2026-07-29T21:55:32Z Atsile Edith 11759 Ke senotse tsebe e #Wikipedia25BW 53593 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Wikipedia]], e leng [[:en:Online_encyclopedia|ensaetlopedia ya mo maranyaneng]] e e nang le [[:en:Free_content|diteng tse di sa duelelweng]] e e kwadilweng le go tlhokomelwa ke setšhaba sa baithaopi ba ba bidiwang [[:en:Wikipedians|Wikipedians]], e simolotse ka go [[:en:First_Wikipedia_edit|kwalwa ga yone la ntlha]] ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe (2001), malatsi a mabedi morago ga gore lotshwao loo le kwadisiwe.<ref>[http://whois.domaintools.com/wikipedia.org "Wikipedia.org WHOIS, DNS, & Domain Info – DomainTools"]. ''[[:en:WHOIS|WHOIS]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170417083509/http://whois.domaintools.com/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on April 17, 2017. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone, 2026.</ref> E ne ya gola go tswa mo [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia,]] e leng ensaetlopedia e e rulagantsweng sentle e e sa duelelweng, e le tsela ya go letla go kwalwa ga ditlhogo le dithanolo motlhofo le ka bonako. Ditshegetso tsa maranyane le tsa dikgopolo tsa Wikipedia di tla pele ga seno; kakanyo ya ntlha e e itsiweng ya ensaetlopedia ya maranyane e dirilwe ke [[:en:Rick_Gates_(Internet_pioneer)|Rick Gates]] ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le boraro (1993),<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20120415133700/http://history-computer.com/Internet/Conquering/Wikipedia.html "Wikipedia of Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger"]. History Computer. 2010. Archived from [http://history-computer.com/Internet/Conquering/Wikipedia.html the original] on April 15, 2012. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> mme kgopolo ya ensaetlopedia ya [[:en:Free_as_in_freedom|maranyane e e gololesegileng]] (jaaka e [[:en:Alternative_terms_for_free_software|farologana]] le [[:en:Open_source|motswedi o o bulegileng]] fela)<ref>[https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html#open-source "Philosophy"]. GNU. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131014132149/http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html#open-source Archived] from the original on October 14, 2013. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> e ne ya akanngwa ke [[:en:Richard_Stallman|Richard Stallman]] ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi (1998).<ref name=":1">[[:en:Richard_Stallman|Stallman, Richard]] (1998). [https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia-1998-draft.html "The Free Universal Encyclopedia and Learning Resource (1998 Draft)"]. GNU. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210124065108/https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia-1998-draft.html Archived] from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Kgopolo ya ga Stallman e ne e akaretsa ka tlhamalalo kgopolo ya gore ga go na mokgatlho ope o o botlhokwa o o tshwanetseng go laola go rulaganya. Seno se ne se farologana le diensaetlopedia tsa maranyane tsa motlha oo jaaka [[:en:Encarta|Microsoft Encarta]] le ''[[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica|Encyclopedia Britannica]]''. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe (2001), teseletso ya [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]] e ne ya fetolwa go nna [[:en:GFDL|GFDL,]] mme [[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Jimmy Wales]] le [[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] ba ne ba simolola Wikipedia jaaka lenaneo le le tlaleletsang, ba dirisa [[:en:Wiki|wiki]] ya mo maranyaneng jaaka sedirisiwa sa go kwala ka tirisanommogo.<ref>[http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?WikiHistory "WikiHistory"]. [[:en:WikiWikiWeb|WikiWikiWeb]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20020621221535/http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?WikiHistory Archived] from the original on June 21, 2002. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Le fa kwa tshimologong Wikipedia e ne e akanngwa e le lefelo la go kwala mekwalo le dikgopolo tsa gore kgabagare go baakanngwe Nupedia, e ne ya feta e e neng e le teng pele ga yone ka bonako, ya nna lefelo la go kwala dipego le legae la setlhagiswa sa bofelo se se baakantsweng sa lenaneo la lefatshe lotlhe ka makgolokgolo a dipuo, mme seno sa tlhotlheletsa mefuta e e farologaneng ya [[:en:List_of_wikis|mananeo a mangwe a ditshupiso tsa mo maranyaneng]]. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014), Wikipedia e ne e na le babadi ba ka nna didikadike di le makgolo a mane le masome a ferabongwe le botlhano ka kgwedi.<ref name=":10">[https://www.economist.com/news/international/21597959-popular-online-encyclopedia-must-work-out-what-next-wikipeaks "The future of Wikipedia: WikiPeaks?"]. ''[[:en:The_Economist|The Economist]]''. March 1, 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140408202455/http://www.economist.com/news/international/21597959-popular-online-encyclopedia-must-work-out-what-next-wikipeaks Archived] from the original on April 8, 2014. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015), go ya ka [[:en:ComScore|comScore]], Wikipedia e ne ya amogela baeng ba ba kgethegileng ba feta didikadike di le lekgolo le lesome le botlhano ka kgwedi go tswa kwa United States fela.<ref name=":11">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150317071240/http://www.comscore.com/Insights/Market-Rankings/comScore-Ranks-the-Top-50-US-Digital-Media-Properties-for-January-2015 "comScore Ranks the Top 50 U.S. Digital Media Properties for January 2015"]. comScore. February 24, 2015. Archived from [http://www.comscore.com/Insights/Market-Rankings/comScore-Ranks-the-Top-50-US-Digital-Media-Properties-for-January-2015 the original] on March 17, 2015. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2018), diporojekete tseno di ne tsa bonwa baeng mo tsebeng ba le dibilione di le lesome le botlhano le sephatlo ka kgwedi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200124235329/https://stats.wikimedia.org/v2/#/all-projects "Monthly overview"]. ''Wikimedia statistics''. Wikimedia Foundation. Archived from [[stats:v2/#/all-projects|the original]] on January 24, 2020. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> [[File:First_preserved_Main_Page_of_Wikipedia.jpeg|thumb|Tsebe ya boremelelo ya Wikipedia (Sedimonthole a le malatsi a le masome a mabedi ngwaga wa 2001)]] == Kakaretso ya ditso == === Lemorago === Kgopolo ya go kokoanya kitso ya lefatshe mo lefelong le le lengwe e simolotse kwa [[:en:Library_of_Alexandria|lefelong la go bala la bogologolo la Alexandria]] le [[:en:Library_of_Pergamum|Lefelong la go bala la Pergamo,]] mme go na le dilo tsa bogologolo tse di neng tsa tla pele ga kgopolo ya ensaetlopedia e e akaretsang, [[:en:Natural_History_(Pliny)|ditso tse di jaaka Naturalis]] ya ga [[:en:Pliny_the_Elder|Pliny yo Mogolo]], mme kakanyo ya segompieno ya ensaekolopedia e e akaretsang tsotlhe, e e gatisiwang le go anamisiwa kwa bathong ba le bantsi, e simologile ka [[:en:Denis_Diderot|Denis Diderot]] le baitseanape ba Fora ba lekgolo la lesome le borobabobedi la dingwaga ba ba neng ba kwala diensaekolopedia.<ref>Miloš, Todorović (2018). "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/347489594 From Diderot's Encyclopedia to Wales's Wikipedia: a brief history of collecting and sharing knowledge]". ''Časopis KSIO''. '''1''': 88–102. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.5281/zenodo.3235309|10.5281/zenodo.3235309.]] Retrieved October 20, 2021.</ref> Kgopolo ya go dirisa metšhine e e itirisang go feta [[:en:Printing_press|motšhine o o gatisang]] go aga ensaetlopedia e e mosola thata e ka bonwa mo bukeng ya ga [[:en:Paul_Otlet|Paul Otlet]] ya ngwaga wa 1934 ya ''[[:en:Traité_de_Documentation|Traité de Documentation]]''. Otlet gape o ne a tlhoma [[:en:Mundaneum|Mundaneum]], e leng setheo se se neng se ineetse go dira ditshupane tsa kitso ya lefatshe, ka ngwaga wa 1910. Kgopolo e ya ensaetlopedia e e thusiwang ke motšhini e ne ya atolosiwa go ya pele mo bukeng ya ga [[:en:H._G._Wells|H. G. Wells]] ya ditlhamo" [[:en:World_Brain|''World Brain'']] (ngwaga wa1938) le pono ya ga [[:en:Vannevar_Bush|Vannevar Bush]] ya isago ya [[:en:Memex|Memex]] e e neng e dirisa [[:en:Microfilm|filimi e e bolokang ditshwantso ka bogolo jo bonnye]], e a e tlhalositse mo setlhangweng sa gagwe se se bidiwang "[[:en:As_We_May_Think|As We May Think]]" (ngwaga wa 1945).<ref name=":2">Reagle, Joseph (2010). Good Faith Collaboration. The Culture of Wikipedia. MIT Press. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0262014472|978-0262014472.]] Chapter 2: "The Pursuit of the Universal Encyclopedia".</ref> Phitlhelelo e nngwe e ne e le lenaneo la Xanadu la ga [[:en:Ted_Nelson|Ted Nelson]] ya go tlhama ditlhangwa tse dintsi, e e neng ya simolola ka ngwaga wa 1960.<ref name=":2" /> Tiriso ya baithaopi e ne e le botlhokwa thata mo go direng le go tlhokomeleng Wikipedia. Le fa go ntse jalo, le fa go ne go se na inthanete, mananeo tse dikgolo tse di dingalo tsa mofuta o o tshwanang di ne di dirisitse baithaopi. Ka tlhamalalo, go tlhamiwa ga [[:en:Oxford_English_Dictionary|''Thanodi ya Seesemane ya Oxford'']] go ne ga akanngwa ka puo kwa lefelong la dibuka la London, ka Letsatsi la ga [[:en:Guy_Fawkes_Day|Guy Fawkes]], ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele a tlhola malatsi a le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 1857, ke [[:en:Richard_Chenevix_Trench|Richard Chenevix Trench]]. Go tsere dingwaga di ka nna masome a supa go wediwa. Dr. Trench o ne a akanya ka bukantswe e ntšha e kgolo ya lefoko lengwe le lengwe mo puong ya Seesemane, le go dirisiwa ka puso ya batho le batho le ka kgololesego. Go ya ka mokwadi Simon Winchester, "Go dira thulaganyo e, o ne a re, go ne go feta bokgoni jwa motho ope fela. Go bala dibuka tsotlhe tsa Seesemane – le go sekaseka makwalo a dikgang a London le New York le makwalo a dikgang le buka ya tsotlhe a aitseng go bala le go kwala – go na le moo go tshwanetse ga nna 'tiro e e kopaneng ya batho ba le bantsi.' Go tla tlhokega go thapa setlhopha – mo godimo ga moo, se segolo – se gongwe se nang le makgolokgolo le makgolokgolo a batho ba ba sa duelweng, botlhe ba dira jaaka baithaopi."<ref>Winchester, Simon (1998). ''The Professor and the Madman: A Tale of Murder, Insanity, and the Making of the Oxford English Dictionary''. Harpers, p. 106.</ref> Kgatelopele ya maranyane ya tshedimosetso kwa bofelong jwa lekgolo la masome a mabedi la dingwaga e ne ya dira gore go dirwe diphetogo mo mofuteng wa diensaetlopedia. Le fa diensaetlopedia tsa nako e e fetileng, segolobogolo [[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica|''Encyclopædia Britannica'']], gantsi di ne di theilwe mo dibukeng, [[:en:Encarta|Encarta]] ya Microsoft, e e gatisitsweng ka ngwaga wa 1993, e ne e le teng mo CD-ROM e bile e na le [[:en:Hyperlink|dikgolagano tse dintsi]]. Go tlhamiwa ga [[:en:World_Wide_Web|World Wide Web]] go ne ga dira gore go dirwe maiteko a mantsi a go dira [[:en:Online_encyclopedia|mananeo a ensaetlopedia tsa maranyane]]. Tshitshinyo ya ntlha ya ensaetlopedia ya mo inthaneteng e ne e le [[:en:Interpedia|Interpedia]] ka ngwaga wa1993 ke [[:en:Rick_Gates_(Internet_pioneer)|Rick Gates]];<ref name=":0" /> lenaneo le le ne la swa pele ga e tlhagisa diteng dipe tsa ensaetlopedia. Motshegetsi wa [[:en:Free_software|mananeo a sesupaditlhaka sa mahala]] [[:en:Richard_Stallman|Richard Stallman]] o ne a tlhalosa botlhokwa jwa "Ensaetlopedia ya Lefatshe Lotlhe ya Mahala le Motswedi wa go Ithuta" ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":1" /> Tokomane ya gagwe e e gatisitsweng e ne ya tlhalosa kafa go ka "tlhomamisiwang ka gone gore kgatelopele e tswelela pele go ya kwa dipoelong tse di gaisang le tsa tlholego." Motlhami-mmogo wa Wikipedia e bong Jimmy Wales o ne a bolela gore kgopolo ya Wikipedia e ne ya tla fa e ne e le moithuti wa dialogane kwa [[:en:Indiana_University_Bloomington|Mmadikolong wa Indiana]], koo a neng a kgatlhiwa ke katlego ya [[:en:Open-source_movement|mokgatlho wa motswedi o o bulegileng]] mme a fitlhela [[:en:GNU_Manifesto|Lekwalo la maikelelo le bokgoni la ga Emacs]] wa ga Richard Stallman o o rotloetsang [[:en:Free_software_movement|mananeo a sesupaditlhaka a mahala]] le itsholelo ya go abelana e kgatlhang. Wales gape o akgola tlhamo ya ga moitseanape wa itsholelo wa [[:en:Austrian_School|Sekolo sa Austria]] e bong [[:en:Friedrich_Hayek|Friedrich Hayek]], Polelo ya tlhamo ya "[[:en:The_Use_of_Knowledge_in_Society|Tiriso ya Kitso mo Setšhabeng,]]" e a neng a e bala fa a ne a le moithuti wa pele ga kalogo,<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140930011944/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2006/07/31/know-it-all Know It All - The New Yorker]". ''[[:en:The_New_Yorker|The New Yorker]]''. September 30, 2014. Archived from [http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2006/07/31/know-it-all the original] on September 30, 2014. Retrieved November 7, 2024.</ref> jaaka "e e botlhokwa" mo go akanyeng ga gagwe ka ga "kafa a ka laolang lenaneo la Wikipedia ka gone."<ref>Mangu-Ward, Katherine (May 30, 2007). "[https://reason.com/2007/05/30/wikipedia-and-beyond/ Wikipedia and Beyond]". ''Reason.com''. Retrieved November 7, 2024.</ref> Tlhamo e e gatelela gore [[:en:Dispersed_knowledge|tshedimosetso e kgaogantswe fela ka bongwe]]—gore motho mongwe le mongwe o itse fela karolwana e nnye ya se se itsiweng mmogo, ditshwetso di dirwa botoka ke batho ba ba nang le kitso ya lefelo leo, go na le ke bothati jo bo botlhokwa. Ka nako eo, Wales o ne a ithuta tsa madi mme o ne a kgatlhilwe ke ditlhotlheletso tsa batho ba le bantsi ba ba neng ba ntsha seabe jaaka baithaopi mo go tlhameng mananeo a disupaditlhaka tsa mahala, koo dikai di le dintsi di neng di nna le dipholo tse di molemo thata.<ref>[https://play.acast.com/s/dannyinthevalley/wikipediasjimmywales "Wikipedia's Jimmy Wales: "I have this crazy idea that people will pay for free news]"", Danny in the Valley, January 19, 2018, [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055526/https://play.acast.com/s/dannyinthevalley/wikipediasjimmywales archived] from the original on March 16, 2023, retrieved March 16, 2023 Richard Stallman discussed at 20min, with further Open Source discussion at 16min.</ref> Go ya ka mokwalo wa dikgang w ''[[:en:The_Economist|The Economist]]'', Wikipedia "e simolotse mo tsholofelong ya maranyane e e neng e tlhaola inthanete kwa bokhutlong jwa lekgolo la masome a mabedi la dingwaga. E ne e tshwara gore batho ba ba tlwaelesegileng ba ka dirisa disupa ditlhaka tsa bone jaaka didirisiwa tsa kgololesego, thuto, le go sedimosiwa."<ref>[https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher "Wikipedia is 20, and its reputation has never been higher]". The Economist. January 9, 2021. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0013-0613 0013-0613.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20221231224550/https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher Archived] from the original on December 31, 2022. Retrieved August 29, 2022.</ref> === Go tlhama kgopolo === Wikipedia e ne ya akanyediwa kwa tshimologong jaaka lenaneo la phepo ya [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]] e e neng ya tlhongwa kwa Wales, lenaneo la pelenyana la go tlhagisa ensaetlopedia ya mahala ya inthanete, e e neng ya ithaopela go dira ke [[:en:Bomis|Bomis]], kompone ya dipapatso tsa maranyane e e leng ya ga Jimmy, [[:en:Tim_Shell|Tim Shell]] le [[:en:Michael_E._Davis_(businessman)|Michael E. Davis]]. <ref>[[:en:Marshall_Poe|Poe, Marshall]] (September 2006). "[https://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/ The Hive]". The Atlantic Monthly. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061223004004/http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia Archived] from the original on December 23, 2006. Retrieved March 25, 2007. Wales and Sanger created the first Nupedia wiki on 10 January 2001. The initial purpose was to get the public to add entries that would then be "fed into the Nupedia process" of authorization. Most of Nupedia's expert volunteers, however, wanted nothing to do with this, so Sanger decided to launch a separate site called "Wikipedia". Neither Sanger nor Wales looked on Wikipedia as anything more than a lark. This is evident in Sanger's flip announcement of Wikipedia to the Nupedia discussion list. "Humor me", he wrote. "Go there and add a little article. It will take all of five or ten minutes". And, to Sanger's surprise, go they did. Within a few days, Wikipedia outstripped Nupedia in terms of quantity, if not quality, and a small community developed. In late January, Sanger created a Wikipedia discussion list (Wikipedia-L) to facilitate discussion of the project.</ref><ref name=":3">Sidener, Jonathan (December 6, 2004). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20090221005820/http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20041206/news_mz1b6encyclo.html Everyone's Encyclopedia]". ''[[:en:The_San_Diego_Union-Tribune|The San Diego Union-Tribune]]''. Archived from [http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20041206/news_mz1b6encyclo.html the original] on February 21, 2009. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref><ref name=":4">Sanger, Larry (April 18, 2005). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20090722235956/http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05%2F04%2F18%2F164213&tid=95&tid=149&tid=9 The Early History of Nupedia and Wikipedia: A Memoir – Part] I". Archived from [http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05/04/18/164213&tid=95&tid=149&tid=9 the original] on July 22, 2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061108094801/http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05%2F04%2F19%2F1746205&tid=95 "The Early History of Nupedia and Wikipedia: A Memoir – Part II".] [[:en:Slashdot|Slashdot]]. April 19, 2005. Archived from [http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05/04/19/1746205&tid=95 the original] on November 8, 2006. My initial idea was that the wiki would be set up as part of Nupedia; it was to be a way for the public to develop a stream of content that could be fed into the Nupedia process. I think I got some of the basic pages written—how wikis work, what our general plan was, and so forth—over the next few days. I wrote a general proposal for the Nupedia community, and the Nupedia wiki went live January 10. The first encyclopedia articles for what was to become Wikipedia were written then. It turned out, however, that a clear majority of the Nupedia Advisory Board wanted to have nothing to do with a wiki. Again, their commitment was to rigor and reliability, a concern I shared with them and continue to have. Still, perhaps some of those people are kicking themselves now. They (some of them) evidently thought that a wiki could not resemble an encyclopedia at all, that it would be too informal and unstructured, as the original WikiWikiWeb was (and is), to be associated with Nupedia. They of course were perfectly reasonable to doubt that it would turn into the fantastic source of content that it did. Who could reasonably guess that it would work? But it did work, and now the world knows better.</ref>Nupedia e ne ya tlhongwa mo tirisong ya baithaopi ba ba tshwanelegang le thulaganyo ya go [[:en:Peer_review|sekaseka balekane]] e e nang le dikgato di le dintsi.<ref>Kaplan Andreas, Haenlein Michael (2014) Collaborative projects (social media application): About Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Business Horizons, Volume 57 Issue 5, pp. 617–626</ref> Le fa e ne e na le lenaane la barulaganyi ba ba kgatlhegang ba ba fetang dikete tse pedi, le go nna teng ga ga Sanger jaaka morulaganyi-mogolo wa nako e e tletseng,<ref name=":30">"[[m:My_resignation--Larry_Sanger|My resignation – Larry Sanger – Meta]]". meta.wikimedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230320142105/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/My_resignation--Larry_Sanger Archived] from the original on March 20, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023. I was more or less offered the job of editing Nupedia when I was, as an ABD philosophy graduate student, soliciting Jimbo's (and other friends') advice on a website I was thinking of starting. It was the first I had heard of Jimbo's idea of an open content encyclopedia, and I was delighted to take the job.</ref> go tlhagisiwa ga diteng tsa Nupedia go ne go le bonya thata, ka dipego di le lesome le bobedi fela tse di kwadilweng mo ngwageng wa ntlha.<ref name=":4" /> Ba-Nupedia ba ne ba tlotla ka ditsela tse di farologaneng tsa go tlhama diteng ka bonako.<ref name=":3" /> Di-wiki di ne di dirisitswe gongwe mo boranyaneng go rulaganya kitso,<ref>[https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2013-01-12-chi-archives-aaron-swartz-20130112-story.html "From the archives: Highland Park teen is finalist in web competition]". ''Chicago Tribune''. January 12, 2013. Retrieved August 21, 2023.</ref> mme kgopolo ya tlaleletso e e theilweng mo di-[[:en:Wiki|wiki]] mo Nupedia e ne ya tlholwa ke motlotlo magareng ga Sanger le Ben Kovitz,<ref name=":5">"[http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?BenKovitz Ben Kovitz]". [[:en:WikiWikiWeb|WikiWikiWeb]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070404030625/http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?BenKovitz Archived] from the original on April 4, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007. – see also Ben Kovitz' fuller account which he links from there.</ref><ref name=":6">Moody, Glyn (July 13, 2006). [https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2006/jul/13/media.newmedia "This time, it'll be a Wikipedia written by experts"]. The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070222023201/http://technology.guardian.co.uk/weekly/story/0,,1818630,00.html Archived] from the original on February 22, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007. – While casting around for a way to speed up article production, Sanger met with Kovitz, an old friend, in January 2001. Kovitz introduced Sanger to the idea of the wiki, invented in 1995 by Ward Cunningham: web pages that anyone could write and edit. "My first reaction was that this really could be what would solve the problem," Sanger explains, "because the software was already written, and this community of people on WikiWikiWeb" – the first wiki – "had created something like 14,000 pages". Nupedia, by contrast, had produced barely two dozen articles. Sanger took up the idea immediately: "I wrote up a proposal and sent it [to Wales] that evening, and the wiki was then set up for me to work on." But this was not Wikipedia as we know it. "Originally it was the Nupedia Wiki – our idea was to use it as an article incubator for Nupedia. Articles could begin life on this wiki, be developed collaboratively and, when they got to a certain stage of development, be put into the Nupedia system."</ref><ref name=":7">Sidener, Jonathan (September 23, 2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20071017041126/http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20060923/news_lz1n23wiki.html "Wikipedia co-founder looks to add accountability, end anarchy]". [[:en:The_San_Diego_Union-Tribune|The San Diego Union-Tribune]]. Archived from [http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20060923/news_lz1n23wiki.html the original] on October 17, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007. The origins of Wikipedia date to 2000, when Sanger was finishing his doctoral thesis in philosophy and had an idea for a Web site.</ref> le ke o mongwe magareng ga Wales le Jeremy Rosenfeld.<ref name=":5" /> Kovitz e ne e le motlhami wa diporokeramo tsa khomphiutha mme a nna mo wiki ya ga [[:en:Ward_Cunningham|Ward Cunningham]] e e fetolang wiki go nna "[[:en:WikiWikiWeb|WikiWikiWeb]]". O ne a tlhalosetsa Sanger gore di-wiki ke eng, fa ba ne ba ja dijo tsa maitseboa ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /><ref>Poe, Marshall (September 2006). "[https://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/3 The Hive"]. [[:en:The_Atlantic_Monthly|The Atlantic Monthly]]. p. 3. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061110160718/http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/3 Archived] from the original on November 10, 2006. Retrieved March 25, 2007. – "Over tacos that night, Sanger explained his concerns about Nupedia's lack of progress, the root cause of which was its serial editorial system. As Nupedia was then structured, no stage of the editorial process could proceed before the previous stage was completed. Kovitz brought up the wiki and sketched out 'wiki magic,' the mysterious process by which communities with common interests work to improve wiki pages by incremental contributions. If it worked for the rambunctious hacker culture of programming, Kovitz said, it could work for any online collaborative project. The wiki could break the Nupedia bottleneck by permitting volunteers to work simultaneously all over the project. With Kovitz in tow, Sanger rushed back to his apartment and called Wales to share the idea. Over the next few days, he wrote a formal proposal for Wales and started a page on Cunningham's wiki called 'Wikipedia.'"</ref>Wales o ne a bolela ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2001 gore "Larry o ne a na le mogopolo wa go dirisa maranyane a sesupa ditlhaka sa Wiki" mo bathong ba ba neng ba boregile ka thulaganyo ya Nupedia,<ref name=":31">Wales, Jimmy (October 30, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20140620072830/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2001-October/000671.html LinkBacks]?". Wikimedia. Archived from [[mailarchive:wikipedia-l/2001-October/000671.html|the original]] (Email) on June 20, 2014. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref> mme moragonyana a bolela ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2005 gore Rosenfeld o ne a mo itsise kgopolo ya wiki.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140328235925/http://www.wired.com/techbiz/media/news/2007/05/assignment_zero_citizendium Assignment Zero First Take: Wiki Innovators Rethink Openness]". [[:en:Wired_News|Wired News]]. May 3, 2007. Archived from [https://www.wired.com/techbiz/media/news/2007/05/assignment_zero_citizendium the original] on March 28, 2014. Retrieved November 1, 2007. Wired.com states: "Wales offered the following on-the-record comment in an e-mail to NewAssignment.net editor [and NYU Professor] [[:en:Jay_Rosen|Jay Rosen]] ...' Larry Sanger was my employee working under my direct supervision during the entire process of launching Wikipedia. He was not the originator of the proposal to use a wiki for the encyclopedia project – that was Jeremy Rosenfeld'."</ref> Sanger o ne a akanya gore wiki e tla nna polatefomo e e siameng go e dirisa, mme a tshitshinya mo lenaaneng la go romela la Nupedia gore wiki e e theilweng mo UseModWiki (ka nako eo v. 0.90)e tlhomiwe jaaka lenaneo la "mojesi" ya Nupedia. Ka fa tlase ga setlhogo sa "A re direng wiki", o ne a kwala jaana:<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 10, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414014355/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html Let's make a wiki]". Nupedia mailing list. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Nnyaa, se ga se tshitshinyo e e sa tshwanelang. Ke kakanyo ya go tsenya karolo e nnye mo Nupedia. Jimmy Wales o akanya gore batho ba le bantsi ba ka nna ba fitlhela kgopolo eno e sa amogelesege, mme nna ga ke akanye jalo... Fa e le ka tiriso ya wiki ya Nupedia, eno ke thulaganyo ya BOFELO e e "bulegileng" le e e motlhofo ya go tlhama diteng. Re kile ra buisana gangwe le gape ka megopolo ya diporojeke tse di bonolo, tse di bulegileng thata, tse di ka emelang kgotsa tsa tlaleletsa Nupedia. Go lebega mo go nna gore diwiki di ka dirisiwa ka bonako thata, di tlhoka tlhokomelo e nnye fela, mme ka kakaretso ga di na kotsi e kgolo. Gape di ka nna motswedi o mogolo wa diteng. Ka jalo, ga go na mathata a magolo a a ka nnang teng, go ya ka kafa ke bonang ka teng. Wales e ne ya tlhoma e le nngwe mme ya e tsenya mo maranyaneng ka Laboraro wa kgwedi ya Ferikgong etlhola malatsi a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 2001, ka fa tlase ga karolo ya nupedia.com.<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 10, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030425173342/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html Nupedia's wiki: try it out".] Nupedia mailing list. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html the original] on April 25, 2003.</ref> Se se ne sa sutela kwa wiki e ntšhwa ka fa tlase ga karolo ya wikipedia.com ka kgwedi ya Ferikgonge tlhola malatsia a le lesome le botlhano. Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa, lenaneo la [[:en:GNUPedia|GNUPedia]] la [[:en:Free_Software_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Mananeo a disupa ditlhaka a Mahala]] (FSF) e ne ya tsena mo maranyaneng, e e neng e ka nna ya gaisana le [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]],<ref>"[http://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=9990&threshold=1&commentsort=0&mode=thread&cid=502603 Slashdot Comments | GNUPedia Project Starting]". Slashdot.org. January 17, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220612010030/https://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=9990 Archived] from the original on June 12, 2022. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> mme mo dingwageng di le mmalwa FSF e ne ya rotloetsa batho "go etela le go tsenya letsogo mo [Wikipedia]" boemong jwa seo.<ref>[https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/ "The Free Encyclopedia Project]". GNU.org. 2012 [1999]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121221000617/http://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/ Archived] from the original on December 21, 2012. Retrieved December 20, 2012.</ref> === Go tlhongwa ga Wikipedia === ''Bona gape: [[:en:First_Wikipedia_edit|Tseleganyo ya ntlha ya Wikipedia]], [[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia's_oldest_articles|Wikipedia:Ditlhogo tsa bogologolo tsa Wikipedia]], le [[:en:Wikipedia:First_100_pages|Wikipedia:Ditsebe tsa ntlha di le]]'' ''[[:en:Wikipedia:First_100_pages|lekgolo]]'' Go ne go na le go okaoka mo gare ga barulaganyi ka go bofa Nupedia gaufi thata le kelelo ya tiro ya mofuta wa wiki.<ref name=":4" /> Morago ga gore wiki ya Nupedia e thankgololwe ka fa tlase ga nupedia.com ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 2001,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20030425173342/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html "&#x5B;Nupedia-l&#x5D; Nupedia's wiki: try it out"]. April 25, 2003. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20030425173342/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html the original] on April 25, 2003. Retrieved August 21, 2023.</ref> Wales e ne ya akantshanya go simolola lenaneo le le ntšhwa ka fa tlase ga leina la yone, mme Sanger o ne a akantshanya ''Wikipedia'', a e tlhama jaaka "lenaneo la tlaleletso ya Nupedia e e dirang e e ikemetseng ka nosi gotlhelele."<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 11, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414021138/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html <nowiki>Re: [Advisory-l] The wiki</nowiki>]..." Nupedia mailing list. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Wiki e ntšhwa e ne ya simololwa kwa wikipedia.com ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2001. [[:en:Bandwidth_(computing)|Bophara jwa bogolo jwa kgokaganyo ya maranyane]] le [[:en:Server_(computing)|tsamaiso e e bolokang tshedimosetso]] (e e kwa San Diego) tse di dirisitsweng mo mananeong ao a ntlha di ne tsa neelwa ke Bomis. Badiri ba le bantsi ba pele ba Bomis moragonyana ba ne ba ntsha diteng tsa ensaetlopedia: segolobogolo [[:en:Tim_Shell|Tim Shell]], motlhami-mmogo le moragonyana Mokhuduthamaga wa Bomis, le motlhami wa dithulaganyo Jason Richey. [[Setshwantsho:Jimmy Wales' Mac and the First Wikipedia Edit — "Hello World" (51738433963).jpg|thumb|iMac ya ga Jimmy Wales e ne e dirisiwa go dira tseleganyo ya ntlha mo Wikipedia]] Wales o boletse ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2008 gore o dirile tseleganyo ya ntlha ya Wikipedia, tseleganyo ya teko e e nang le mokwalo o o reng "[[:en:"Hello,_World!"_program|Dumela, Lefatshe]]!", mme se e ka tswa e ne e le mo mofuteng wa bogologolo wa Wikipedia o ka bonako morago ga moo o neng wa phimolwa mme wa emisediwa ka go simolola gape.<ref>Message by Jimmy Wales {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160412003535/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Jimbo_Wales&diff=prev&oldid=258632986|date=12 April 2016}} Wednesday 17 December 2008. Retrieved Saturday 30 January 2010.</ref><ref>Starling, Tim (January 14, 2011). "[[mailarchive:wikien-l/2011-January/108198.html|Hello world]]?". ''WikiEN-l'' (Mailing list). Retrieved June 4, 2022.</ref>Tseleganyo ya ntlha e e neng ya boela mo Wikipedia.com e ne e le ya Tsebe ya Gae ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2001, e e neng e balega jaana "E ke Wikipedia e ntšhwa!"; e ka bonwa [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/908493298|fa]].<ref>Wikipedia's earliest edits were once believed lost, as early [[:en:UseModWiki|UseModWiki]] software deleted data after a month. But on 14 December 2010, [[:en:Tim_Starling|Tim Starling]] found backups on [[:en:SourceForge|SourceForge]] containing every change made to Wikipedia from its creation in January 2001 to 17 August 2001. As of 2019, these were imported into Wikipedia's edit history. Before that, the first edits that had been known were to [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/291430|Wikipedia:UuU]], [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/286342|TransporT]], and [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/11992008|User:ScottMoonen]] on 16 January 2001.</ref> Go nna teng ga lenaneo go ne ga itsisiwe semmuso mme boikuelo jwa gore baithaopi ba nne le seabe mo go tlhameng diteng bo ne jwa dirwa kwa lenaaneng la go romela ka poso la Nupedia ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20030331101007/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000684.html <nowiki>"[Nupedia-l] Wikipedia is up!</nowiki>]". March 31, 2003. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000684.html the original] on March 31, 2003. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Lenaneo le ne la amogela batsayakarolo ba le bantsi ba bašwa morago ga go umakiwa mo lefelong ya maranyane le le naleng tshedimosetso ya [[:en:Slashdot|Slashdot]] ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2001,<ref>"[http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Britannica and Free Content]". Slashdot. July 26, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090114204227/http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Archived] from the original on January 14, 2009.</ref> e setse e umakilwe gabedi ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwo ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref>[http://slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=01/03/02/1422244&tid=99 "Nupedia and Project Gutenberg Directors Answer]". Slashdot. March 5, 2001.</ref><ref>[http://slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=01/03/29/2035230&tid=95 "Everything2 Hits One Million Nodes]". Slashdot. March 29, 2001.</ref> Morago ga moo e ne ya amogela tshupo e e tlhageletseng ya kgang mo lefelong ya maranyane le le naleng tshedimosetso le setso e e rulagantsweng ke baagi ya Kuro5hin, e e rulaganngwang ke setšhaba, e e buang ka maranyane le setso, ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le botlhano.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20011107050810/http://www.kuro5hin.org/story/2001/7/25/103136/121 "Britannica or Nupedia? The Future of Free Encyclopedias]". Kuro5hin. July 25, 2001. Archived from [http://www.kuro5hin.org/story/2001/7/25/103136/121 the original] on November 7, 2001.</ref> Fa gare ga go tsena moo ga batho ba le bantsi, go ne go ntse go na le batho ba le bantsi ba ba neng ba tla go tswa kwa metsweding e mengwe, segolobogolo Google, e e neng e romela makgolokgolo a baeng ba basha mo lefelong e e le nosi letsatsi le letsatsi. [[:en:Mainstream_media|Kgaso ya yone]] [[:en:Mainstream_media|ya bobegakgang]] ya ntlha e kgolo e ne e le mo [[:en:The_New_York_Times|''The New York Times'']] ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref>Meyers, Peter (September 20, 2001). [https://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/20/technology/fact-driven-collegial-this-site-wants-you.html "Fact-Driven? Collegial? This Site Wants You]". The New York Times. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20090415232001/http://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/20/technology/fact-driven-collegial-this-site-wants-you.html Archived] from the original on April 15, 2009. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> === Dikgaogano le go dira gore dilo di nne tsa boditšhabatšhaba === Kwa tshimologong ya tlhabololo ya Wikipedia, e ne ya simolola go atologa kwa mafatsheng a mangwe, ka go tlhamiwa ga [[:en:Namespace|mafelo a masha a maina]], lengwe le lengwe le na le setlhopa se se farologaneng sa [[:en:Username|maina a badirisi]]. [[:en:Subdomain|Karolopotlana]] ya ntlha e e tlhametsweng Wikipedia e e seng ya Seesemane e ne e le [[:en:German_Wikipedia|deutsche.wikipedia.com]] (e e tlhamilweng ka Labotlhano kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2001, mo nakong ya oura e le nngwe le metsotso e le masome a mararo le borobedi kwa morago ga nako ya UTC),<ref>"[[mailarchive:wikipedia-l/2001-March/000049.html|Alternative language Wikipedias]]". Lists. Wikimedia. March 15, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140620120726/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2001-March/000049.html Archived] from the original on June 20, 2014. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> mme morago ga dioura di le mmalwa ya latelwa ke [[:en:Catalan_Wikipedia|catalan.wikipedia.com]] (ka oura ya lesome le boraro le metsotso e le supa mo nakong ya UTC).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20010413083954/http://catalan.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=history&id=HomePage "History of the Catalan Homepage]". Wikipedia. Archived from [https://catalan.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=history&id=HomePage the original] on April 13, 2001. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> [[:en:Japanese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejapane]], e e simolotseng e le nihongo.wikipedia.com, e ne ya tlhamiwa mo pakeng eo,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20010420120143/http://nihongo.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=browse&id=HomePage&revision=3 "Nihongo No Wikipedia: HomePage]". April 20, 2001. Archived from [https://nihongo.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=browse&id=HomePage&revision=3 the original] on April 20, 2001. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20010331173908/http://www.wikipedia.com/ Wikipedia: HomePage]". March 31, 2001. Archived from [https://www.wikipedia.com/ the original] on March 31, 2001. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref>mme kwa tshimologong e ne e dirisa fela [[:en:Romanization_of_Japanese|Sejapane se se fetotsweng sa Seroma]]. Mo dikgweding di ka nna pedi Se-Catalan e ne e le sone se se nang le dipego tse dintsi ka puo e e seng ya Seesemane,<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Multilingual_monthly_statistics_(2001)|Multilingual monthly statistics]]</ref><ref>[https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C3%80bac&oldid=1 "First edition in the Catalan Wikipedia]" (in Catalan). Wikipedia. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201112014959/https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C3%80bac Archived] from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> le fa dipalopalo tsa nako eo ya ntlha di sa nepagala.<ref>This [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Multilingual_monthly_statistics_(2001)&oldid=192353617 table] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210222221921/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3AMultilingual_monthly_statistics_%282001%29&oldid=192353617 Archived] 22 February 2021 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]], for instance, misses Japanese and German articles such as [https://web.archive.org/web/20010421123743/http://nihongo.wikipedia.com/wiki/Nihongo_no_funimekusu this one] and [https://web.archive.org/web/20010411030440/http://deutsche.wikipedia.com/wiki/Nupedia_Deutsch-L_Sektion this one], both dated 6 April 2001.</ref> Wikipedia ya Sefora e tlhamilwe ka kgotsa mo e ka nnang ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome lebongwe ka ngwaga wa 2001,<ref>The [https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikip%C3%A9dia:Historique_de_Wikip%C3%A9dia_en_fran%C3%A7ais&oldid=34816819 Documentation on the French Wikipedia] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210608194149/https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikip%C3%A9dia:Historique_de_Wikip%C3%A9dia_en_fran%C3%A7ais&oldid=34816819 Archived] 8 June 2021 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] mentions the date of 23 March 2001, but this date is not supported by Wikipedia snapshots on the [[:en:Internet_Archive|Internet Archive]], nor by Jason Richey's letter, which was dated 11 May 2001 (see below).</ref> ka lekhubu la diphetolelo tse dišwa tsa puo tse gape di neng di akaretsa [[:en:Chinese_Wikipedia|Setšhaena]], [[:en:Dutch_Wikipedia|Sedatšhe]], [[:en:Esperanto_Wikipedia|Seeseperanto]], [[:en:Hebrew_Wikipedia|Sehebera]], [[:en:Italian_Wikipedia|Sentadiana]], [[:en:Portuguese_Wikipedia|Sepotokisi]], [[:en:Russian_Wikipedia|Serussia]], [[:en:Spanish_Wikipedia|Sepanishe]], le [[:en:Swedish_Wikipedia|Sesweden]].<ref>[[mailarchive:wikipedia-l/2001-May/000116.html|Letter of Jason Richey to wikipedia-l mailing list]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20140620081721/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2001-May/000116.html Archived] 20 June 2014 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] 11 May 2001</ref> Go ise go ye kae dipuo tseno di ne tsa kopanngwa ke [[:en:Arabic_Wikipedia|Searabia]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20011118054300/http://ar.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?HomePage "Homepage from the Internet Archive"]. Wikipedia. Archived from [https://ar.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?HomePage the original] on November 18, 2001. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> le [[:en:Hungarian_Wikipedia|Sehungary]].<ref>[[Wikipedia:Announcements]] May 2001</ref><ref>"[https://www.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=International_Wikipedia&action=history International Wikipedia]". Wikipedia. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa 2001, kitsiso e ne ya solofetsa go ineela mo tlamelong ya dipuo tse dintsi ya Wikipedia,<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Announcements_2001#September_2001|Wikipedia:Announcements 2001]]</ref> e itsise badirisi ka go phatlaldiwa gmo go tlang ga Wikipedias ya dipuo tsotlhe tse dikgolo, go tlhongwa ga maemo a konokono, le go kgaratlhela thanolo ya ditsebe tsa konokono tsa wiki tsa ditsebe tse dišwa tsa wiki. Kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga oo, fa dipalopalo tsa boditšhabatšhaba di ne di simolola go kwalwa la ntlha, go ne ga itsisiwe diphetolelo tsa [[:en:Afrikaans_Wikipedia|Seaforikanse]], [[:en:Norwegian_Wikipedia|Senorway]] le [[:en:Serbian_Wikipedia|Seserbia]].<ref>"[https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:International_wikipedias_statistics International Wikipedias statistics]". [https://web.archive.org/web/20030305012547/http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:International_wikipedias_statistics Wikipedia]. Archived from the original on March 5, 2003. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2002, karolo ya masome a borobabongwe mo lekgolong ya dipego tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia di ne di le ka Seesemane. Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2004, batho ba ba kwa tlase ga karolo ya masome a matlhano mo lekgolong e ne e le Baesemane, mme go dira gore batho ba nne ba boditšhabatšhaba gono go tsweletse go oketsega fa ensaetlopedia e e ntse e gola. Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2014, mo e ka nnang karolo ya masome a borobabobedi le botlhano mo lekgolong ya dipego tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia di ne di le mo mefuteng ya Wikipedia e e seng ya Seesemane.<ref>"[[m:List_of_Wikipedias#Grand_Total|List of Wikipedias – Grand Total (retrieved 2014)]]". Wikimedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20141219233704/http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias#Grand_Total Archived] from the original on December 19, 2014. Retrieved December 20, 2014.</ref> Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2023, Di-Wikipedia tsa Seesemane le tsa Seesemane se se motlhofo di na le dipego di le didikadike di le di le supa fa gare ga tsone, mme mo e ka nnang karolo ya masome a borobabongwe mo lekgolong ya dipego di ne di le mo di-Wikipedia tse e seng tsa Seesemane.<ref name=":12">[[m:List_of_Wikipedias|"List of Wikipedias – Meta]]". meta.wikimedia.org. Retrieved August 21, 2023.</ref> === Tlhabololo ya Wikipedia === [[Setshwantsho:Old Wikipedia.png|thumb|Tsebekgolo ya Wikipedia (Kgwedi ya Lwetse a tlhola malatsi e le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2002)]] Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2002, morago ga go gogelwa morago ga matlole ke Bomis ka nako ya go [[:en:Dot-com_bubble|phutlhama ga dot-com]], Sanger o ne a tlogela Nupedia le Wikipedia ka bobedi.<ref name=":32">Schiff, Stacy (July 31, 2006). "[https://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/060731fa_fact Know It All]". [[:en:The_New_Yorker|The New Yorker.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20081122125817/http://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/060731fa_fact Archived] from the original on November 22, 2008. Retrieved April 25, 2009.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2002, ene le Wales ba ne ba sa tshwane ka dikgopolo tsa bone tsa gore ba ka laola jang diensaetlopedia tse di bulegileng sentle. Bobedi jwa bone ba ne ba sa ntse ba tshegetsa kgopolo ya tirisanommogo e e bulegileng, mme ba ne ba sa dumalane ka gore ba ka tshwara jang barulaganyi ba ba kgoreletsang, dikarolo tse di rileng tsa baitseanape, le tsela e e molemolemo ya go kaela porojeke gore e atlege. Wales o ne a tswelela go tlhoma go ipusa le go ikaela [[:en:Business_development|go tswa kwa tlase go ya kwa godimo]] ke barulaganyi mo Wikipedia. O ne a tlhalosa sentle gore ga a kitla a nna le seabe mo tsamaisong ya letsatsi le letsatsi ya morafe, mme o tlaa o rotloetsa go ithuta go itaola le go ipatlela mekgwa e e gaisang. Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2007, Wales e ne ya lekanyetsa seabe sa gagwe thata go ntsha ditshwaelo tsa nako le nako mo dikgannyeng tse di masisi, tiro ya bokhuduthamaga, go buelela kitso, le go rotloetsa diporojeke tse di tshwanang tsa ditshupiso. Sanger o rile ke "moakaretsi" mme o bulegile mo e ka nnang sengwe le sengwe,<ref>Anderson, Nate (February 25, 2007). [https://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars/3 "Citizendium: building a better Wikipedia"]. Ars Technica. [https://web.archive.org/web/20081020001720/http://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars/3 Archived] from the original on October 20, 2008. Retrieved October 22, 2011.</ref> mme a tshitshinya gore baitseanape ba santse ba na le lefelo mo lefatsheng la [[:en:Web_2.0|Web 2.0.]] Ka ngwaga wa 2006 o ne a tlhoma [[:en:Citizendium|Citizendium]], e leng ensaetlopedia e e bulegileng e e neng e dirisa maina a mmatota a batsayakarolo go fokotsa go tseleganya go go kgoreletsang, mme a solofela go tlhofofatsa "kaelo e e bonolo ya baitseanape" go oketsa go nepagala ga diteng tsa yone. Ditshwetso ka ga diteng tsa pego di ne di tshwanetse go nna mo diatleng tsa baagi, mme lefelo le ne le tshwanetse go akaretsa polelo ka ga "diteng tse di siametseng lelapa".<ref>[http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/CZ:Family-Friendly_Policy "Archive: Family-Friendly Policy – Citizendium]". en.citizendium.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20101120030154/http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/CZ:Family-Friendly_Policy Archived] from the original on November 20, 2010. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>Anderson, Nate (February 25, 2007). [https://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars "Citizendium: building a better Wikipedia"]. Ars Technica. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070324225040/http://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars Archived] from the original on March 24, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref> === Diteng tsa nako e e fetileng tsa Wikipedia === Dipego tsa bogologolo, le tse di sa tlholeng di dirisiwa, tsa ensaetlopedia di botlhokwa thata mo dipatlisisong tsa ditso .<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20210126035016/https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/12/encyclopedias-are-time-capsules/419619/ Encyclopedias Are Time Capsules – The Atlantic]". [[:en:The_Atlantic|The Atlantic]]. January 26, 2021. Archived from [https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/12/encyclopedias-are-time-capsules/419619/ the original] on January 26, 2021. Retrieved June 25, 2022.</ref> Mo pegong nngwe le nngwe ya Wikipedia, mefuta e e fetileng e ka fitlhelelwa ka kgokagano ya "Leba ditso" e e kwa godimo ga tsebe. Ditso tse di feletseng tsa dipego tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia le tsone di ka laisololwa jaaka [[:en:Wikipedia:Database_download|dithotobolo tsa tshedimosetso]], ka sebopego sa difaele tsa [[:en:XML|XML]] tse di gateletsweng.<ref>Koehrsen, Will (October 26, 2018). [https://medium.com/towards-data-science/wikipedia-data-science-working-with-the-worlds-largest-encyclopedia-c08efbac5f5c "Wikipedia Data Science: Working with the World's Largest Encyclopedia"]. ''Towards Data Science''. Retrieved February 4, 2025.</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, Polokelo ya Faele ya ZIM,<ref name=":8">[[iarchive:zimarchive|"ZIM File Archive: Free Data: Free Download, Borrow and Streaming]]". Internet Archive. Retrieved June 25, 2022.</ref> kwa [[:en:Internet_Archive|Polokelong ya Maranyane]], e na le dinepe tse di feletseng tsa nako e e fetileng tsa Wikipedia mmogo le ditlhopho tsa dipego, ka dipuo tse dintsi, go tswa mo dingwageng tse di farologaneng. Di ka bulwa ka mananeo a maranyane a [[:en:Kiwix|Kiwix]]. Magareng ga dingwaga tsa 2007 le 2011, go ne ga gololwa [[:en:History_of_Wikipedia#English_Wikipedia_CD/DVD/Kiwix_ZIM_file_releases|mefuta e meraro ya]] [[:en:History_of_Wikipedia#English_Wikipedia_CD/DVD/Kiwix_ZIM_file_releases|polokelo ya CD/DVD]] (e e bidiwang Mofuta wa Wikipedia 0.5, 0.7 le 0.8) e e nang le tlhopho ya dipego go tswa mo [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]]. Di ne tsa nna teng jaaka difaele tsa Kiwix ZIM, go tswa mo Polokelong ya Difaele tsa ZIM<ref name=":8" /> le go tswa mo lefelong la go laisolola ya Kiwix.[70] === Phetogo ya letshwao === [[Setshwantsho:Old wikipedia logo.png|left|thumb|Go tlhongwa – kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2001 (teko)]] <gallery mode="packed"> Setshwantsho:Wiki logo The Cunctator.png|Bofelo jwa ngwaga wa 2001 go ya kwa kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a lesome le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2003 Setshwantsho:Wikipedia-logo-v3-en.png|Kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2003 go ya kwa kgweding ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2010 Setshwantsho:Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg|Kgwedi wa Motsheganong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2010 – ga jaana </gallery> == Molanako == ''Dipego tse di sobokanyang ngwaga le ngwaga di tshwarwa mo teng ga lefelo la maina a lenaneo la Wikipedia mme di golaganngwa le tse di fa tlase. Didirisiwa tse dingwe tsa patlisiso di teng mo teng ga dipalo le dipolokelo tsa Wikipedia, mme di kwadilwe kwa bokhutlong jwa pego eo.'' === Ngwagasome wa ntlha: Ngwaga wa 2000 go ya kwa ngwageng wa 2009 === ==== Ngwaga wa 2000 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Bomis-staff-summer-2000.jpg|thumb|Babereki ba Bomis magareng ga dingwaga tsa 2000]] Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2000, lenaneo la [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]] le ne la simololwa. Maikaelelo a yone e ne e le go gatisa dipego tse di kwadilweng ke baitseanape tse di neng di tla fiwa tetla jaaka [[:en:Free_content|diteng tsa mahala]]. Nupedia e tlhomilwe ke Wales, a nale Sanger e le morulaganyi-mogolo, mme e tshegeditswe ka matlole ke kompone ya papatso ya boranyane ya [[:en:Bomis|Bomis]].<ref>Poe, Marshall (September 2006). "[https://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/ The Hive]". [[:en:The_Atlantic|The Atlantic]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061223004004/http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia Archived] from the original on December 23, 2006. Retrieved January 1, 2007.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2001 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2001, Wikipedia e ne ya simolola e le lenaneo le le kwa thoko ya Nupedia, go letla tirisanommogo mo dipegong pele ga go tsena mo thulaganyong ya tshekatsheko ya balekane.<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 10, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414014355/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html Let's make a wiki"]. Nupedia-l mailing list. Internet Archive. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Leina le le ne la ntshiwa e le kakanyo ke Sanger ka la bo kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le le lesome le bongwe ka ngwaga wa 2001 jaaka [[:en:Portmanteau|kopano ya mafoko]] ''[[:en:Wiki|wiki]]'' ([[:en:Hawaiian_language|Sehawaiian]] a a kayang "bofefo") le ''ensaetlopedia''.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414021138/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html <nowiki>"[Nupedia-l] Re: [Advisory-l] The wiki</nowiki>]..." nupedia.com. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20030414021138/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Maina a kgolagano ya karolo a ''wikipedia.com'' le ''wikipedia.org'' a ne a kwadisiwa ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bobedi <ref>[[:en:Network_Solutions|Network Solutions]] (2007) [http://www.networksolutions.com/whois/results.jsp?domain=wikipedia.com WHOIS domain registration information results for wikipedia.com from Network Solutions] Archived 27 September 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Retrieved 27 July 2007.</ref> le a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro,<ref>[[:en:Network_Solutions|Network Solutions]] (2007). [http://www.networksolutions.com/whois/results.jsp?domain=wikipedia.org "WHOIS domain registration information results for wikipedia.org from Network Solutions] [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927194913/http://www.networksolutions.com/whois/results.jsp?domain=wikipedia.org Archived] 27 September 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]". Retrieved 27 July 2007.</ref> ka go latelana, mme ''wikipedia.org'' e ne ya tsenngwa mo maranyaneng ka lone letsatsi leo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20101006010812/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page "Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20101006010812/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page Archived] from the original on October 6, 2010. Retrieved September 6, 2010.</ref> Lenaneo le ne la bulwa semmuso ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano("[[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Day|Letsatsi la Wikipedia"]]), ka di-Wikipedia tsa ntlha tsa boditšhabatšhaba – dikgatiso tsa Sejeremane, [[:en:Catalan_language|Se-Catalan]], Sefora, [[:en:Swedish_language|Se-Sweden]], le Se-italia– tse di neng tsa tlhamiwa fa gare ga dikgwedi tsa Mopitlo le Motsheganong. Melawana ya "ntlha ya pono e e sa tseyeng letlhakore" ([[:en:Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view|NPOV]]) e ne ya tlhamiwa semmuso ka nako eno, mme lekhubu la ntlha la Wikipedia la [[:en:Slashdot_effect|slashdotter]] le ne la goroga ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le maosme a mabedi le borataro.<ref>"[http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Britannica and Free Content]". Slashdot. July 26, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090114204227/http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Archived] from the original on January 14, 2009.</ref> Pegelo ya ntlha ya bobegakgang ka ga Wikipedia e ne ya tlhagelela ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga 2001 mo mokwalong wa dikgang ywa [[:en:Western_Mail_(Wales)|''Wales ka Sontaga'']].<ref>[[:en:Western_Mail_(Wales)|Wales on Sunday]] (26 August 2001) Knowledge at your fingertips. Game On: Internet Chat.(writing, "Both Encarta and Britannica are official publications with well-deserved reputations. But there are other options, such as homemade encyclopaedias. One is Wikipedia (www.wikipedia.com) which uses clever software to build an encyclopaedia from scratch. Wiki is software installed on a web server that allows anyone to edit any of the pages. On Wikipedia, anyone can write about any subject they know about. The idea is that over time, enough experts will offer their knowledge for free and build up the world's ultimate hand-built database of knowledge. The disadvantage is that it's still an ongoing project. So far about 8,000 articles have been written and the editors are aiming for 100,000.")</ref> [[:en:September_11_attacks|Ditlhaselo tsa kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bongwe]] di ne tsa dira gore go tlhagelele dikgang tse di botlhokwa mo tsebeng ya gae, mmogo le mabokoso a tshedimosetso a a golaganyang dipego tse di amanang le tsone.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20011010233257/http://www.wikipedia.com/ October 2001 homepage screenshot] shows the "Breaking News" header up top, as well as 11 September 2001 block of articles under "Current events"; the [https://web.archive.org/web/20011010230439/http://www.wikipedia.com/wiki/September_11%2C_2001_Terrorist_Attack 9/11] page shows the activist nature of the page, as well as the large number of subtopics created to cover the event.</ref> Ka nako eo, go ne go setse go tlhamilwe dipego di ka nna lekgolo tse di amanang le 9/11 .<ref>Keegan, Brian (November 17, 2020). [https://slate.com/technology/2020/11/wikipedia-september-11-breaking-news.html "How 9/11 Made Wikipedia What It Is Today]". Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210506060557/https://slate.com/technology/2020/11/wikipedia-september-11-breaking-news.html Archived] from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved May 10, 2021.</ref> Morago ga ditlhaselo tsa kgwedi ya Lwetse a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bongwe, go ne ga tlhaga kgokagano ya setlhogo sa Wikipedia se se buang ka ditlhaselo tseno mo [[:en:Yahoo!|Yahoo!]] tsebe ya gae, mme seno sa felela ka gore go nne le koketsego ya pharakano.<ref>Pasternack, Alex (September 11, 2021). [https://www.fastcompany.com/90674998/how-9-11-turned-a-new-site-called-wikipedia-into-historys-crowdsourced-front-page "How 9/11 turned a new site called Wikipedia into history's crowdsourced front page".] Fast Company. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210911121514/https://www.fastcompany.com/90674998/how-9-11-turned-a-new-site-called-wikipedia-into-historys-crowdsourced-front-page Archived] from the original on September 11, 2021. Retrieved September 11, 2021.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2002 ==== Ngwaga wa 2002 e ne ya bona go fokodiwa ga matlole a Wikipedia go tswa go [[:en:Bomis|Bomis]] le go tsamaya ga ga Sanger. Go ne ga nna le go [[:en:Fork_(software_development)|kgaogana]] ga [[:en:Spanish_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sepanishe]], ka go tlhongwa ga [[:en:Enciclopedia_Libre|''Encyclopedia Libre'']]. Jimmy Wales o netefaditse gore Wikipedia ga e kitla e tsamaisa papatso ya kgwebo. Maranyane a sesupaditshwantsho a ntlha a a rwalegang a [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]] a ne a simolola go dira ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsia le masome a matlhano. Go ne ga tlhagisiwa diroboto. Lenaneo la ntlha la kgaitsadi ([[:en:Wiktionary|Wiktionary]]) le [[:en:Manual_of_Style|Bukana ya]] [[:en:Manual_of_Style|mokgwa]] ya ntlha ya semmuso di ne tsa thankgololwa. Batshwaedi ba ka nna makgolo a mabedi ba ne ba tseleganya Wikipedia letsatsi le letsatsi.<ref>Singer, Michael (January 16, 2002). [https://web.archive.org/web/20030316082912/http://siliconvalley.internet.com/news/article.php/3531_956641 "Free Encyclopedia Project Celebrates Year One]". [[:en:Mecklermedia|''Jupitermedia'']]. Archived from [http://siliconvalley.internet.com/news/article.php/3531_956641 the original] on March 16, 2003.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2003 ==== [[Setshwantsho:2003-08-31 English Wikipedia main page.svg|thumb|Tsebekgolo ya Wikipedia (kgwedi ya Phatwe ngwaga wa 2003)]] Wikipedia ya Seesemane e fetile dipego di le dikete tse lekgolo ka ngwaga wa 2003, fa kgatiso e e latelang e kgolo go gaisa, Wikipedia ya Sejeremane, e fetile di le dikete tse lesome. [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] o ne wa tlhongwa. Wikipedia e amogetse letshwao la yone la lefatshe la jigsaw. Difomula tsa dipalo tse di dirisang [[:en:TeX|TeX]] di ne tsa tsenngwa gape mo lefelong la tshedimosetse. [[:de:Wikipedia:Stammtisch München/Archiv/2003|Kopano ya ntlha ya loago ya Wikipedia]] e ne ya tshwarelwa kwa lefelong la [[:en:Munich|Munich]], kwa lefatsheng la Germany, ka Phalane. Melaometheo ya motheo ya tsamaiso ya [[:en:Wikipedia:ArbCom|Katlholo le komiti ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] ("ArbCom") e ne ya tlhamiwa. [[:en:Wikisource|Wikisource]] e ne ya tlhamiwa jaaka lenaneo le le farologaneng ka kgwedi ya Ngwanaitseele a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bone ka ngwaga wa 2003, go amogela metswedi ya mahala ya mafoko jaaka maikaelelo a yone mo dipuong tse dintsi le dithanolo. ==== Ngwaga wa 2004 ==== Letamo la dipego tsa Wikipedia lefatshe ka bophara le ne la tswelela go gola ka bonako ka ngwaga wa 2004, la menagana gabedi ka bogolo mo dikgweding di le lesome le bobedi, go tswa mo dipegong tse di ka fa tlase ga dikete tse makgolo a matlhano kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2003 go ya ko go tse di fetang sedikadike se le sengwe ka dipuo tse di fetang lekgolo kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2004. Dipego tsa Seesemane fela tsa Wikipedia tse di ne tsa dira gore go nne le dipego tse di ka fa tlase ga dikete tse makgolo a matlhano. Dipolase tsa disefara tsa lefelo la tshedimosetso di ne tsa fudusiwa go tswa kwa California go ya kwa Florida. [[:en:Wikipedia:Categories|Ditlhopha]] le dipampiri tsa thulaganyo ya mokgwa wa [[:en:CSS|CSS]] di ne tsa tlhagisiwa. Maiteko a ntlha a go thibela Wikipedia a ne a diragala, ka lefelo la tshedimosetso le ne la thibelwa kwa China dibeke di le pedi ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo. Ditlhopho tsa semmuso di ne tsa simolola tsa boto ya mokgatlho, le Komiti ya Katlholo mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane. Kgaolo ya ntlha ya bosetšhaba ya Motheo, e leng [[:en:Wikimedia_Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]], e ne ya amogelwa. Kopano, ya ntlha ya loago kwa United States e ne ya tshwarelwa kwa [[:en:Boston|Boston]], [[:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/Boston1|ka kgwedi ya Phukwi]]. [[:en:Wikimedia_Commons|Wikimedia Commons]] e tlhamilwe ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola letsatsi le supa ka ngwaga wa 2004 go amogela difaele tsa media tsa Wikipedia ka dipuo tsotlhe. Bourgeois v. Peters,<ref name=":9">"[https://web.archive.org/web/20121221140312/http://www.ca11.uscourts.gov/opinions/ops/200216886.pdf 387 F.3d 1303]" (PDF). Archived from [http://www.ca11.uscourts.gov/opinions/ops/200216886.pdf the original] (PDF) on December 21, 2012. Retrieved November 19, 2013.</ref> (11th Cir. 2004), tsheko ya kgotlatshekelo e e neng ya swetswa ke [[:en:United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eleventh_Circuit|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo ya United States ya Potologo ya Bolesome le bongwe]] e ne e le nngwe ya dikgopolo tsa ntlha tsa kgotlatshekelo go nopola le go nopola Wikipedia.<ref>Peoples, Lee (January 2010). [http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1055&context=yjolt "The Citation of Wikipedia in Judicial Opinions]". Yale Journal of Law and Technology. 12 (1). [https://web.archive.org/web/20150224051512/http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1055&context=yjolt Archived] from the original on February 24, 2015.</ref> E ne ya bolela jaana: "Gape re gana kgopolo ya gore maemo a kgakololo ya matshosetsi a Lephata la Tshireletso ya Naga ka tsela nngwe a siametse dipatlisiso tseno. Le fa maemo a matshosetsi a ne a 'tlhatlositswe' ka nako ya boipelaetso, 'go fitlha ga jaana, maemo a matshosetsi a ntse a le mo mmala o mosetlha (a tlhatlositswe) go ya go mmala wa lamune mo bontsing jwa nako e e fetileng. makgetlo a le mantsi.'"<ref name=":9" /> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabongwe, Wikipedia e ne ya fetola letlalo la yone la thulaganyetsoruri go tswa go [[mw:Skin:Standard|Tlwaelo]] go ya go [[mw:Skin:MonoBook|MonoBook]], segokaganyi se se neng sa nna sa thulaganyo ya ruri mo mafelong a tshedimosetso a Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref>"[[mw:Skin:MonoBook|MonoBook]]". MediaWiki. Retrieved April 30, 2026.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2005 ==== Ka ngwaga wa 2005, Wikipedia e ne ya nna lefelo la tshedimosetso le le ratiwang thata ya ditshupiso mo maranyaneng, go ya ka [[:en:Hitwise|Hitwise]], ka Wikipedia ya Seesemane e le nosi e e fetang dipego di le dikete di le makgolo a supa le botlhano. Dikgoro tsa ntlha tsa Wikipedia tsa dipuo tse dintsi le tsa dirutwa di ne tsa tlhongwa ka ngwaga wa 2005. Kokoanyo ya semmuso ya madi e e neng ya tshwarwa mo kotareng ya ntlha ya ngwaga e ne ya kokoanya mo e ka nnang di dolara tsa lefatshe la Amerika di le dikete tse lekgolo ya go tlhabolola tsamaiso go samagana le tlhokego e e golang. China e ne ya thibela Wikipedia gape ka kgwedi ya Phalane ngwaga wa 2005. Matlhabisaditlhong a ntlha a magolo a Wikipedia, [[:en:Seigenthaler_incident|tiragalo ya ga Seigenthaler]], a diragetse ka ngwaga wa 2005 fa go ne go fitlhelwa gore motho yo o itsegeng thata o na le mokwalo wa botshelo jwa motho jo bo sentsweng jo bo neng bo sa lemogiwe dikgwedi di le dintsi. Morago ga matshwenyego ano le a mangwe,<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons|WP:BLP]] was started on 17 December 2005, with the narrative "I started this due to the Daniel Brandt situation". [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons&oldid=31753956 Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210609020908/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons&oldid=31753956 Archived] 9 June 2021 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]</ref> go ne ga tlhongwa diphetogo tsa ntlha tsa melawana le tsa tsamaiso tse di neng di diretswe ka tlhamalalo go lwantsha mofuta ono wa kgokgontsho. Tse di ne di akaretsa ntšhwafatso e ntšhwa ya molawana wa tshiamelo ya [[m:CheckUser policy|Checkuser]] go thusa mo dipatlisisong tsa [[:en:Sockpuppet_(Internet)|dipopae tsa dikausu]], karolo e ntšhwa e e bidiwang tshireletso ye seng botlalo, molawan o o gagametseng thata wa dibuka tsa botshelo jwa batho ba ba tshelang, le go tshwaya dipego tse di ntseng jalo gore di sekasekwe ka tsela e e gagametseng. Thibelo ya go tlhama dipego tse dišwa go badirisi ba ba kwadisitsweng e ne ya tsenngwa tirisong fela ka kgwedi ya Sedimontholeka ngwaga wa 2005 mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane.<ref>Terdiman, Daniel. "[https://www.cnet.com/culture/growing-pains-for-wikipedia/ Growing pains for Wikipedia"]. CNET. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055529/https://www.cnet.com/culture/growing-pains-for-wikipedia/ Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Wikimania ya ngwaga wa 2005, e leng bokopano jwa ntlha jwa [[:en:Wikimania|Wikimania]], e ne ya tshwarwa go tloga ka letsatsi la bone go fitlha ka letsatsi la borobabobedi ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2005 kwa ''Haus der Jugend'' kwa [[:en:Frankfurt|Frankfurt]], mme ya ngoka batho ba ka nna makgolo a le mararo le masome a borobabobedi ba ba neng ba le teng. ==== Ngwaga wa 2006 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikimania - the Wikimentary.webm|thumb|Wikimania – Tokomane ya Wikimania, filimi e e buang ka Wikimania ngwaga wa 2005, e e nang le [[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Jimmy Wales]] le [[:en:Ward_Cunningham|Ward Cunningham]]]] Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona pego ya yone ya bo ikadike, [[:en:Jordanhill_railway_station|seteišene sa terena sa Jordanhill]], ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo a tlhola letsatsi ,ka ngwaga wa 2006.<ref>Simon, Matt (March 1, 2012). [https://www.wired.com/2012/03/march-1-2006-english-wikipedias-millionth-entry-pulls-into-the-station/https://www.wired.com/2012/03/march-1-2006-english-wikipedias-millionth-entry-pulls-into-the-station/ "March 1, 2006: English Wikipedia's Millionth Entry Pulls Into the Station]". [[:en:Wired_(magazine)|Wired]]. Retrieved April 1, 2024.</ref><ref>Lemon, Sumner (March 2, 2006)[https://www.computerworld.com/article/2563140/millionth-english-article-posted-on-wikipedia.html . "Millionth English article posted on Wikipedia"]. [[:en:Computerworld|''Computerworld'']]. Retrieved April 1, 2024.</ref> Tlhopho ya ntlha ya pego ya Wikipedia e e amogetsweng e ne ya dirwa gore e kgone go laisololwa mahala, mme "Wikipedia" e ne ya kwadisiwa jaaka letshwaokgwebo la Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia. [[:en:United_States_congressional_staff_edits_to_Wikipedia|Matlhabisa ditlhong a]] [[:en:United_States_congressional_staff_edits_to_Wikipedia|mokwalo wa botshelo jwa motho ya bathusi ba phutego]]– ditiragalo tse dintsi tse mo go tsona badiri ba phutego le motsamaisi wa letsholo ba neng ba tshwarwa ba leka go fetola botshelo jwa motho ya Wikipedia ka ha sephiring – a ne a lemogiwa ke setšhaba, mme se sa dira gore motsamaisi wa letsholo a tlogele tiro. Le fa go ntse jalo, Wikipedia e ne ya tsewa e le nngwe ya matshwaokgwebo a matlhano a a kwa godimo a lefatshe ka bophara a ngwaga wa 2006.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070321033410/http://www.brandchannel.com/start1.asp?fa_id=352 "brandchannel.com | branding news]". March 21, 2007. Archived from [http://www.brandchannel.com/start1.asp?fa_id=352 the original] on March 21, 2007. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Jimmy Wales o ne a supa kwa [[:en:Wikimania_2006|Wikimania]] [[:en:Wikimania_2006|wa ngwaga wa 2006]] gore Wikipedia e fitlheletse bogolo jo bo lekaneng mme a kopa gore go gatelelwa boleng, gongwe se se tlhagisitsweng sentle mo pitsong ya [[:en:Wikipedia:100,000_feature-quality_articles|dipego di le dikete tse lekgolo tsa boleng jwa dikarolo]]. Go ne ga tlhamiwa tshiamelo e ntšhwa, "botlhokomedi", e e letlang mefuta e e rileng ya ditsebe tse di bolokilweng tse di nang le diteng tse di sa amogelesegeng go tshwaiwa jaaka tse di sa bonweng. Tshireletso e e seng kalo kgatlhanong le tshenyo e e sa itsiweng, e e neng ya tlhagisiwa ka ngwaga wa 2005, e ne ya itshupa e ratwa thata go feta ka fa go neng go solofetswe ka teng, ka ditsebe di feta dikete tse di neng tsa sirelediwa ka bontlhabongwe ka nako epe fela ka ngwaga wa 2006. ==== Ngwaga wa 2007 ==== Wikipedia e ne ya tswelela go gola ka bonako ka ngwaga wa 2007, e na le diakhaonto tsa barulaganyi tse di kwadisitsweng di feta didikadike di le tlhano ka kgwedi ya Phatwe a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro.<ref>See the special page: [[:en:Special:Statistics|Special:Statistics]]: 5,078,036 registered user accounts as of 13 August 2007, excluding anonymous editors who have not created accounts.</ref> Dikgatiso tsa dipuo di le makgolo a mabedi le botlhano tsa Wikipedia di ne di na le palogotlhe e e kopantsweng ya dipego di le didikadike di le supa ntlha tlhano e leng palogotlhe ya mafoko a le didikadike di le bongwe ntlha supa le bone, ka kgwedi ya Phatwe a tlhola a malatsi a le lesome le boraro .<ref>Source: [[:en:Wikipedia:Size_comparisons|Wikipedia:Size comparisons]] as of 13 August 2007</ref> Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona dipego ka selekanyo se se tlhomameng sa di le sekete se le sengwe le makgolo a supa ka letsatsi,<ref>From around Q3 2006 Wikipedia's growth rate has been approximately linear, source: [[:en:Wikipedia:Statistics|Wikipedia:Statistics]] – new article count by month 2006–2007.</ref> ka leina la kgolagano ya karolo la wikipedia.org le le mo maemong a bo lesome a a naleng ditiro tse dintsi mo lefatsheng. Wikipedia e ne ya tswelela go bonala [[:en:Category:Wikipedia_publicity|mo bobegakgannyeng]] – [[:en:Essjay_controversy|kganetsano ya ga Essjay]] e ne ya runya fa leloko le le tlhageletseng la Wikipedia le ne le fitlhelwa le buile maaka ka dintlha tsa gagwe tsa boitshupo. [[:en:Citizendium|Citizendium]], e leng ensaetlopedia e e gaisanang ya mo maranyaneng, e ne ya thankgololwa phatlalatsa. Tlwaelo e ntšhwa e ne ya tlhagelela mo Wikipedia, ka ensaetlopedia e e neng e bua le batho ba go itsege ga bone go neng go tswa mo go nneng motsayakarolo mo kgannyeng ya dikgang ka go oketsa kaelo go tswa mo leineng la bone go ya kwa kgannyeng e kgolo, go na le go tlhama pego e e tlhaolegileng ya mokwalo wa botshelo jwa motho.[<ref>e.g., cases such as [[:en:Crystal_Mangum|Crystal Mangum]] and Daniel Brandt.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2007, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona pego ya yone ya didikadike di le pedi, [[:en:El_Hormiguero|''El Hormiguero'']].<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20170708005830/https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Press_releases/Wikipedia_Reaches_2_Million_Articles English Wikipedia Reaches 2 Million Articles"]. [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]]. September 9, 2007. Archived from [[foundationsite:wiki/Press_releases/Wikipedia_Reaches_2_Million_Articles|the original]] on July 8, 2017. Retrieved June 3, 2012.</ref> Go ne ga nna le kganetsano nngwe kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2007 fa [[:en:Volapük_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Volapük]] e ne e tlola go tswa ko dipegong di le makgolo a supa, masome a borobabongwe le bosupa go ya go feta dikete tse lekgolo le bongwe le dikete tse pedi, ka bokhutshwane ya nna kgatiso ya bo lesome le botlhano e kgolo go gaisa tsotlhe ya Wikipedia, ka ntlha ya go tlhamiwa ga ditlhogo tse di itirisang ke motlhoafaledi wa puo e e agilweng ya [[:en:Volapük|Volapük]]<ref>"[http://www.pcworld.pl/artykuly/56502/MySpace.kontra.Facebook.html#t_34252 Ciekawe wydarzenia w Internecie]". PC World (Polish) (in Polish). December 1, 2007. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131106024950/http://www.pcworld.pl/artykuly/56502/MySpace.kontra.Facebook.html#t_34252 Archived] from the original on November 6, 2013. Retrieved April 26, 2013.</ref><ref>Yves Nevelsteen (September 15, 2007). [http://www.liberafolio.org/2007/volapukapedio "Volapuko jam superas Esperanton en Vikipedio"]. Libera Folio (in Esperanto). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130329091247/http://www.liberafolio.org/2007/volapukapedio Archived] from the original on March 29, 2013. Retrieved April 26, 2013.</ref>. Go ya ka [[:en:MIT_Technology_Review|''MIT Technology Review,'']] palo ya barulaganyi ba ba tlhagafetseng ka bontsi jwa dinako mo Wikipedia ya puo ya Seesemane e ne ya fitlha kwa setlhoeng ka ngwaga wa 2007 go feta dikete tse masome a matlhano le bongwe, mme fa e sa le ka nako eo e ntse e fokotsega.<ref>Simonite, Tom (October 22, 2013). "[https://www.technologyreview.com/2013/10/22/175674/the-decline-of-wikipedia/ The Decline of Wikipedia]". [[:en:MIT_Technology_Review|MIT Technology Review]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220731083716/https://www.technologyreview.com/2013/10/22/175674/the-decline-of-wikipedia/ Archived] from the original on July 31, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2020.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang kangwaga wa 2007, go ne ga gatisiwa tokololo ya tlhopho ya pego ya Wikipedia ya Mofuta wa 0.5.<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 Wikipedia:Version 1.0 Editorial Team]", Wikipedia, June 12, 2022, [https://web.archive.org/web/20220707222542/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 archived] from the original on July 7, 2022, retrieved June 25, 2022</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2008 ==== [[:en:WikiProject|Mananeo a Wiki]] a a farologaneng mo mafelong a le mantsi a ne a tswelela go atolosa le go tokafatsa diteng tsa pego mo teng ga bogolo jwa tsone. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2008, go ne ga tlhamiwa pego ya Wikipedia ya didikadike di le lesome, mme kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya feta dipego di le didikadike di le dikete tse pedi le botlhano. ==== Ngwaga wa 2009 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2009 ka oura ya masome a mabedi le bobedi le metsotso e le lesome le botlhano mo nakong ya UTC, morago [[:en:Death_of_Michael_Jackson|ga loso lwa ga Michael Jackson]], lefelo la tshedimosetso le ne la phutlhama ka nakwana. [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] o begile gore go ne ga nna le baeng ba ba ka nnang didikadike ba ba neng ba le kwa mokwalong wa botshelo jwa ga Jackson mo lobakeng lwa oura e le nngwe, gongwe e le baeng ba bantsi mo lobakeng lwa oura e le nngwe ba ba neng ba le kwa pegong epe fela mo ditsong tsa Wikipedia. Kwa bokhutlong jwa kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2009, palo ya dipego mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia e ne e fetile didikadike di le lesome le bone .<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140305100104/https://stats.wikimedia.org/EN/TablesArticlesTotal.htm Wikipedia Statistics, Article count (official)]". Wikimedia.org. Archived from [[stats:EN/TablesArticlesTotal.htm|the original]] on March 5, 2014.</ref> Setlhogo sa didikadike di le tharo mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane, [[:en:Beate_Eriksen|Beate Eriksen]], se tlhamilwe ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2009 ka nako ya oura ya bone le metsotso e le metlhano, go ya ka Nako ya Lefatshelotlhe e e Rulagantsweng (UTC).<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2009-08-17/News_and_notes&oldid=309138115 Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2009-08-17/News and notes"], Wikipedia, August 20, 2009, [https://web.archive.org/web/20210609111443/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2009-08-17/News_and_notes&oldid=309138115 archived] from the original on June 9, 2021, retrieved March 16, 2023</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2009, Wikipedia ya Sejeremane e ne ya feta dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe, mme ya nna kgatiso ya bobedi morago ga Wikipedia ya Seesemane go dira jalo. Setlhogo sa [[:en:Time_(magazine)|''TIME'']] se ne sa kwala Wikipedia mo gare ga mafelo a tshedimosetso a a gaisang tsa ngwaga wa 2009.<ref>"[http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1918031_1918016_1917948,00.html Wikipedia – 50 Best Websites 2009]" [https://web.archive.org/web/20111202174857/http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1918031_1918016_1917948,00.html Archived] 2 December 2011 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. TIME. 24 August 2009. Retrieved 24 November 2011.</ref> Diteng tsa Wikipedia di ne tsa fiwa tetla ka fa tlase ga tetla ya [[:en:Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike|Creative Commons ya go Abelana]] ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref>"[[m:Licensing_update/Timeline|Licensing update/Timeline – Meta".]] meta.wikimedia.org. October 30, 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220817062932/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Licensing_update/Timeline Archived] from the original on August 17, 2022. Retrieved August 29, 2022.</ref> === Ngwagasome wa bobedi: ngwaga wa 2010 go ya kwa ngwageng wa 2019 === ==== Ngwaga wa 2010 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a masome a mabedi le bone, ditsamaiso tse di bolokang ditshedimosetso tsa Wikipedia tsa karolo kgolo ya lefatshe e e naleng mafatshe ya Europe di ne tsa tswa mo maranyaneng ka ntlha ya bothata jwa go gotela thata. [[:en:Failover|Go palelwa]] ke ditsamaiso tsa poloko ya tshedimosetso kwa Florida go ne ga itshupa go robegile, ga dira gore tharabololo ya [[:en:Domain_Name_System|DNS]] ya Wikipedia e palelwe go ralala lefatshe. Bothata bo ne jwa rarabololwa ka bonako, mme ka ntlha ya ditlamorago tsa go boloka DNS, mafelo mangwe a ne a le bonya go kgona go bona Wikipedia gape go feta a mangwe.<ref>Bergsma, Mark (March 24, 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20100327123357/http://techblog.wikimedia.org/2010/03/global-outage-cooling-failure-and-dns/ "Global Outage (cooling failure and DNS)"]. Wikimedia Technical Blog. Archived from [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2010/03/global-outage-cooling-failure-and-dns/ the original] on March 27, 2010. Retrieved March 30, 2010.</ref><ref>Perez, Juan Carlos (March 25, 2010). [https://www.pcworld.com/article/192410/wikipedia_suffers_global_collapse.html "Wikipedia Suffers Global Collapse"]. PC World. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100329132858/http://www.pcworld.com/article/192410/wikipedia_suffers_global_collapse.html Archived] from the original on March 29, 2010. Retrieved March 30, 2010.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganonga tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro, lefelo la tshedimosetso le ne la golola sebopego se sesha sa yone. Dikarolo tse disha di ne di akaretsa letshwao le le ntšha, didirisiwa tse di ntšha tsa go tsamaya mo lefelong la tshedimosetso le, le sedirisiwa sa go thusa go tlhama dikgokagano<ref name=":17">"[https://web.archive.org/web/20100822062045/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special%3AUsabilityInitiativePrefSwitch New features]". [[:en:Wikipedia|Wikipedia]]. Archived from [[:en:Special:UsabilityInitiativePrefSwitch|the original]] on August 22, 2010. Retrieved September 6, 2010.</ref>. Le fa go ntse jalo, sebopego sa bogologolo se ne sa tswelela se le teng gore se dirisiwe ke ba ba neng ba batla go tswelela ba se dirisa. Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bobedi, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya feta palo ya ditlhogo di le didikadike di le dikete tse tharo le botlhano fa setlhogo sa sedikadike sa ntlha sa Wikipedia ya Sefora se ne sa tlhamiwa ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bongwe. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro, go ne ga dirwa tokafatso ya sedikadike ya ntlha mo mananeong otlhe a Wikimedia. Mo tshimologong ya ngwaga wa 2010, go ne ga gatisiwa kgatiso ya Wikipedia Version 0.7, e e neng e na le tlhopho ya dipego.<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 Wikipedia:Version 1.0 Editorial Team"], Wikipedia, June 12, 2022, [https://web.archive.org/web/20220707222542/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 archived] from the original on July 7, 2022, retrieved June 25, 2022</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2011 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Armwikicake.png|thumb|Nngwe ya [[c:Wikipedia 10 Photo gallery#Wikipedia_10_Cakes|dikuku di le mmalwa]] tse di dirilweng go keteka ngwaga wa bo lesome wa Wikipedia ka ngwaga wa 2011<ref>[[tenwiki:Main_Page|"Wikipedia 10"]]. Ten.wikipedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131231212611/http://ten.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page Archived] from the original on December 31, 2013. Retrieved February 26, 2014.</ref>]] Wikipedia le badirisi ba yone ba ne ba tshwara meletlo e le mentsi lefatshe ka bophara go gopola [[:en:Wikipedia:10_years_of_Wikipedia|ngwaga wa bo]] [[:en:Wikipedia:10_years_of_Wikipedia|lesome]] wa lefelo leo ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano.<ref>Wikipedia celebrates a decade of edit wars, controversy, and Internet dominance [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2011/011111-wikipedia-decade.html?hpg1=bn networkworld.com] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120315204326/http://www.networkworld.com/news/2011/011111-wikipedia-decade.html?hpg1=bn Archived] 15 March 2012 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]</ref> Lefelo leo le ne la simolola maiteko a go atolosa kgolo ya lone kwa India, mme la tshwara bokopano jwa lone jwa ntlha jwa India kwa Mumbai ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2011.<ref>Vaidyanathan, Rajini (November 19, 2011). [https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-15803308 "Wikipedia hosts India conference amid expansion push"]. BBC News. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055525/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-15803308 Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN1116765620110112 "Wikipedia, 10 years old, targets India]". Reuters. January 12, 2011. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110114211053/http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN1116765620110112 Archived] from the original on January 14, 2011. Retrieved January 13, 2011.</ref> [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] e fetile letshwao la dipego di le didikadike di le dikete tse tharo le botlhano ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a mabedi, mme ya fitlha go dipego di le didikadike di le dikete tse tharo le borobabobedi ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola malatsia le lesome le borobabobedi. Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola malatsia le supa ka ngwaga wa 2011, [[:en:German_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejeremane]] e ne ya feta diphetogo tsa ditsebe di le didikadike di le lekgolo, mme ya nna kgatiso ya bobedi ya puo go dira jalo morago ga kgatiso ya Seesemane, e e neng ya fitlhelela diphetogo tsa ditsebe di le didikadike di le makgolo a matlhano ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola malatsi a le masome le bobedile bone ka ngwaga wa 2011. [[:en:Dutch_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sedatšhe]] e ne ya feta dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le lesomele bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2011 e nna kgatiso ya bone go dira jalo. Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo a tlhola malatsi a le mararo ka ngwaga wa 2011, go ne ga gatisiwa kgololo ya tlhopho ya pego ya Wikipedia ya Mofuta wa 0.8.<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_0.8&oldid=998970578 Wikipedia:Version 0.8"], Wikipedia, January 7, 2021, [https://web.archive.org/web/20220705013507/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_0.8&oldid=998970578 archived] from the original on July 5, 2022, retrieved June 25, 2022</ref> Setempe sa "Wikimania 2011 – Haifa, Iseraele" se ne sa ntshiwa ke Israel Post ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola malatsi a le mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2011. Se e ne e le setempe sa ntlha se se neng se neetswe lenaneo le le amanang le Wikimedia. Magareng ga malatsi a mane le borataro a kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2011, [[:en:Italian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Italy]] e ne ya nna e e sa fitlhelegeng ka bomo go ipelaetsa kgatlhanong le molao o o tshitshintsweng wa [[:en:Italian_Parliament|Palamente ya Italy]] wa [[:en:DDL_intercettazioni|DDL intercettazioni]], o, fa o ka amogelwa, o neng o tla letla motho ope fela go pateletsa mafelo a tshedimosetso go ntsha tshedimosetso e e tsewang e le e e seng boammaaruri kgotsa e e kgopisang, kwantle ga go ntsha bosupi.<ref>[https://www.pcmag.com/archive/italian-wikipedia-hidden-to-protest-wiretap-law-288689 "Italian Wikipedia Hidden To Protest WireTap Law"]. PC Magazine. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055529/https://www.pcmag.com/archive/italian-wikipedia-hidden-to-protest-wiretap-law-288689 Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Gape ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2011, Wikimedia e ne ya itsise go simololwa ga [[:en:Wikipedia_Zero|Wikipedia Zero]], e leng letsholo la go kgontsha phitlhelelo ya mahala ya megala ya mosokela tsebeng mo Wikipedia mo ditshebang tse di tlhabologang ka tirisanommogo le badirisi ba megala ya mosokela tsebeng.<ref>Kapoor, Amit (October 26, 2011). [https://blog.wikimedia.org/2011/10/26/wikipedia-seeks-global-operator-partners-to-enable-free-access/ "Wikipedia seeks global operator partners to enable free access]". Wikimedia blog. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150717070411/http://blog.wikimedia.org/2011/10/26/wikipedia-seeks-global-operator-partners-to-enable-free-access/ Archived] from the original on July 17, 2015.</ref><ref>"[[mw:Wikipedia_Zero|Wikipedia Zero]]". MediaWiki. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120529101704/http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikipedia_Zero Archived] from the original on May 29, 2012. Retrieved May 27, 2012.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2012 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikimedia Foundation Wikipedia Blackout SOPA January 18, 2012.theora.ogv|thumb|Babereki ba kwa [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlhong wa Wikimedia]] ka nako ya fa go ne go kgaoga emisiwa tirelo ya lefelo la tshedimosetso mo SOPA]] Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlholamalatsi a le lesome le borataro, motlhami-mmogo wa Wikipedia [[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Jimmy Wales]] o ne a itsise gore Wikipedia ya Seesemane e tla [[:en:2012_Wikipedia_blackout|tswallwa ruri]] dioura di le masome a mabedi le bone ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e le lesome le borobabobedi jaaka karolo ya boipelaetso jo bo neng bo ikaeletse go bitsa tlhokomelo ya setšhaba mo Molaong o o tshitshintsweng wa go [[:en:Stop_Online_Piracy_Act|Emisa Borukhutlhi jwa Inthanete]] le [[:en:PROTECT_IP_Act|Molao wa PROTECT IP]] , e leng melao e mebedi e e [[:en:Copyright_infringement|kgatlhanong le borukhutlhi jwa dithoto tsa bakwadi]] jwa [[:en:United_States_Congress|puthego ya United States]] ka fa tlase ga ngangisano. Ba ne ba bitsa kemiso ya tirelo ye ya lefelo la tshedimosetso "tshwetso ya baagi", Wales le baganetsi ba bangwe ba melao ba ne ba dumela gore e tla tsenya puo e e gololesegileng le boitshimololedi jwa mo inthaneteng mo kotsing.<ref>Ortenzi, T. J. (January 17, 2012). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/blogpost/post/wikipedia-blackout-coming-jan-18-says-co-founder-jimmy-wales/2012/01/16/gIQAh2Ke3P_blog.html "Wikipedia blackout coming Wednesday, says co-founder Jimmy Wales"]. The Washington Post. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160306052240/https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/blogpost/post/wikipedia-blackout-coming-jan-18-says-co-founder-jimmy-wales/2012/01/16/gIQAh2Ke3P_blog.html Archived] from the original on March 6, 2016. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Go emisa tirelo ga nakwana mo go tshwanang le mo go ne ga dirwa ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome ke [[:en:Russian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Russia,]] go ipelaetsa kgatlhanong le molao o o tshitshintsweng wa taolo ya inthanete ya Russia.<ref>[https://www.express.co.uk/news/world/332016/Russian-Wikipedia-shuts-in-protest "Russian Wikipedia shuts in protest]". UKPA via Google. July 10, 2012.</ref> Mo bokhutlong jwa kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2012, [[m:Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]] e ne ya itsise ka [[:en:Wikidata|Wikidata]], e leng boalo jwa lefatshe lotlhe jwa go abelana tshedimosetso fa gare ga dikgatiso tsotlhe tsa dipuo tsa Wikipedia.<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/wikipedia/posts/158388724283345 "Wikidata announcement on Facebook]". Wikimedia Deutschland. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160101031943/https://www.facebook.com/wikipedia/posts/158388724283345 Archived] from the original on January 1, 2016. Retrieved October 28, 2015.</ref><ref>Chalabi, Mona (April 26, 2013). "[https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2013/apr/26/wikidata-launch Welcome to Wikidata! Now what?]". [https://web.archive.org/web/20211002152920/https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2013/apr/26/wikidata-launch Archived] from the original on October 2, 2021. Retrieved October 2, 2021.</ref> Lenaneo la Wikidata la didolara di le didikadike di le sekete le bosupa tsa Amerika e ne e tlamelwa ke Google, [[:en:Gordon_and_Betty_Moore_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Gordon le Betty Moore]], le Setheo sa Allen sa Botlhale jwa Maitirelo<ref>Terdiman, Daniel. [https://www.cnet.com/culture/wikidata-to-provide-structured-data-for-all-wikipedia-versions/ "Wikidata to provide structured data for all Wikipedia versions"]. CNET. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055527/https://www.cnet.com/culture/wikidata-to-provide-structured-data-for-all-wikipedia-versions/ Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Wikimedia Deutschland e ne ya tsaya maikarabelo a kgato ya ntlha ya Wikidata, mme kwa tshimologong e ne e rulagantse go dira gore boalo bo nne teng mo barulaganying ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2012. Kgato ya ntlha ya Wikidata e ne ya simolola go dira ka botlalo ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2013.<ref>Perez, Sarah (March 30, 2012). [https://techcrunch.com/2012/03/30/wikipedias-next-big-thing-wikidata-a-machine-readable-user-editable-database-funded-by-google-paul-allen-and-others/ "Wikipedia's Next Big Thing: Wikidata, A Machine-Readable, User-Editable Database Funded By Google, Paul Allen And Others]". TechCrunch. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120817042610/http://techcrunch.com/2012/03/30/wikipedias-next-big-thing-wikidata-a-machine-readable-user-editable-database-funded-by-google-paul-allen-and-others/ Archived] from the original on August 17, 2012.</ref><ref name=":13">Pintscher, Lydia (February 13, 2013). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130219054033/http://blog.wikimedia.de/2013/02/13/wikidata-live-on-the-english-wikipedia/ "Wikidata live on the English Wikipedia]". Wikimedia Deutschland. Archived from [[the original]] on February 19, 2013. Retrieved February 15, 2013.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Justin Anthony Knapp (cropped).jpg|thumb|Justin Knapp]] Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2012, [[:en:Justin_Knapp|Justin Knapp]] o ne a nna mokwadi wa ntlha a le mongwe go dira diphetogo tse di fetang sedikadike se le sengwe mo Wikipedia.<ref>Titcomb, James (April 20, 2012). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/wikipedia/9215151/First-man-to-make-1-million-Wikipedia-edits.html "First man to make 1 million Wikipedia edits".] The Daily Telegraph. [https://web.archive.org/web/20151119233646/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/wikipedia/9215151/First-man-to-make-1-million-Wikipedia-edits.html Archived] from the original on November 19, 2015. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>Skelton, Alissa (April 24, 2012). [https://mashable.com/archive/wikipedia-volunteer-editor "Wikipedia Volunteer Editor Reaches 1 Million Edits"]. Mashable. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055529/https://mashable.com/archive/wikipedia-volunteer-editor Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Jimmy Wales o ne a akgola Knapp ka tiro ya gagwe mme a mo fa sekgele sa lefelo la tshedimosetso e le sa ''Barnstar'' ''e e'' ''Kgethegileng s'' le kabelo ya ''Golden Wiki'' ka ntlha ya phitlhelelo ya gagwe.<ref>"[https://www.engadget.com/2012/04/20/one-million-wikipedia-edits/ Hardest working man on the internet passes one million Wikipedia edits".] Engadget. April 20, 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120820003926/http://www.engadget.com/2012/04/20/one-million-wikipedia-edits Archived] from the original on August 20, 2012. Retrieved September 3, 2012.</ref> Wales gape e ne ya bolela gore kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi e tla nna "Letsatsi la ga Justin Knapp".<ref>Skelton, Alissa (April 23, 2012). [http://mashable.com/2012/04/23/wikipedia-volunteer-editor/ "Wikipedia Volunteer Editor Reaches 1 Million Edits"]. Mashable. [https://web.archive.org/web/20151119235227/http://mashable.com/2012/04/23/wikipedia-volunteer-editor/ Archived] from the original on November 19, 2015. Retrieved October 24, 2012.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2012, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona dipego tsa yone tsa didikadike di le nne, [[:en:Ezbet_El_Borg|Izbat al-Burj]].<ref>[http://blog.wikimedia.org.uk/2012/07/english-language-wikipedia-hits-4-million-articles/ "English language Wikipedia hits 4 million articles]!". [[:en:Wikimedia_UK|Wikimedia UK]] Blog. Wikimedia UK. July 13, 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121222030833/http://blog.wikimedia.org.uk/2012/07/english-language-wikipedia-hits-4-million-articles/ Archived] from the original on December 22, 2012. Retrieved July 13, 2012.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2012, raditso le morulaganyi wa Wikipedia [[:en:Richard_J._Jensen|Richard J. Jensen]] o ne a ntsha mogopolo wa gore Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne e "gaufi le go wediwa", a tlhokomela gore palo ya barulaganyi ba ba dirang ka dinako tsotlhe e ne e wetse tlase thata fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 2007, le fa Wikipedia e ne e gola ka bonako mo palong ya dipego le mo babading.<ref>Rosen, Rebecca J. (October 25, 2012). [https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/10/surmounting-the-insurmountable-wikipedia-is-nearing-completion-in-a-sense/264111/ "Surmounting the Insurmountable: Wikipedia Is Nearing Completion, in a Sense]". The Atlantic. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121028064456/http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/10/surmounting-the-insurmountable-wikipedia-is-nearing-completion-in-a-sense/264111/ Archived] from the original on October 28, 2012. Retrieved October 27, 2012.</ref> Go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Inthanete ya Alexa]], Wikipedia e ne e le lefelo la tshedimosetso la borataro le le tumileng thata mo lefatsheng go tloga ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2012.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org "Amazon Alexa]". alexa.com. Archived from [https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org the original] on August 25, 2020. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> [[:en:AllThingsD|Dow Jones]] e ne ya baya Wikipedia mo maemong a botlhano lefatshe ka bophara go tloga ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2012.<ref>[http://allthingsd.com/20121220/the-fifth-biggest-site-in-the-world-operated-on-a-budget-of-27m-last-year "The Fifth-Biggest Site in the World Operated on a Budget of $27M Last Year"]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131206225138/http://allthingsd.com/20121220/the-fifth-biggest-site-in-the-world-operated-on-a-budget-of-27m-last-year/ Archived] from the original on December 6, 2013. Retrieved December 3, 2013., by Liz Gannes; AllThingsD became a subsidiary of Dow Jones & Company Inc in 2005 and was absorbed into [[:en:The_Wall_Street_Journal|WSJ.com]] during 2013.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2013 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:Italian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya SeItaly]] e ne ya nna kgatiso ya botlhano ya puo ya Wikipedia go feta dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe, fa Wikipedia ya [[:en:Russian_Wikipedia|Se-Russia]] le ya [[:en:Spanish_Wikipedia|Sespanishe]] e ne ya oketsega ka dipego tsa tsone tsa sedikadike ka malatsi a le lesome le bongwe le lesome le borataro a kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka go latelana. Ka letsatsi la lesome le botlhano la kgwedi ya Phukwi di-Wikipedia tsa [[:en:Polish_Wikipedia|Se-Sweden]] le ka Lwetse a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bone tsa [[:en:Polish_Wikipedia|Se-Poland]] di ne tsa bona dipego tsa tsone tsa didikadike, mme tsa nna dikgatiso tsa borobabobedi le tsa borobongwe tsa Wikipedia go dira jalo. Ka letsatsi la masome a mabedi le bosaupa la kgwedi ya Ferikgong, [[:en:Main_belt_asteroid|asteroid ya konokono ya lebanta]] [[:en:274301_Wikipedia|274301]] e ne ya bidiwa semmuso "Wikipedia" ke [[:en:Committee_for_Small_Body_Nomenclature#Minor_planets|Komiti ya Maina a Mmele o Mennye]].<ref>Workman, Robert (February 5, 2013). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130206105134/http://www.technewsdaily.com/16749-asteroid-named-wikipedia.html "Asteroid Re-Named 'Wikipedia'"]. [[:en:TechMediaNetwork,_Inc.|TechNewsDaily]]. Archived from [http://www.technewsdaily.com/16749-asteroid-named-wikipedia.html the original] on February 6, 2013. Retrieved February 7, 2013.</ref> Kgato ya ntlha ya polokelo ya tshedimosetso ya [[:en:Wikidata|Wikidata]], e e neng e tlamela ka dikgokagano tsa dipuo tse di farologaneng le tshedimosetso e nngwe ka go itirisa, e ne ya nna teng mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2013.<ref name=":13" /> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:Direction_centrale_du_renseignement_intérieur|tirelo ya sephiri ya Fora]] e ne ya bonwa molato ka go leka go tlhotlhomisa Wikipedia ka go tshosetsa moithaopi wa Wikipedia ka go tshwarwa ntle le fa "tshedimosetso ya sephiri" ka ga [[:en:Pierre-sur-Haute_military_radio_station|seteišene sa radio sa sesole]] e ka phimolwa.<ref>Willsher, Kim (April 7, 2013). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/apr/07/french-secret-service-wikipedia-page "French secret service accused of censorship over Wikipedia page"]. The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20130930145033/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/apr/07/french-secret-service-wikipedia-page Archived] from the original on September 30, 2013. Retrieved April 9, 2013.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Wikimania 2013 - VisualEditor - The present and future of editing our wikis.webm|thumb|Pontsho ka ga [[:en:VisualEditor|Motseleganyi wa Ditshwantsho]] wa Wikipedia]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi, go ne ga simololwa thulaganyo ya go fetola ya [[:en:VisualEditor|VisualEditor]], e e neng ya bopa kgato ya ntlha ya maiteko a go letla gore dipego di fetotswe ka segokaganyi se se tshwanang le sa [[:en:Word_processor|setlhagisa mafoko]] go na le go dirisa [[:en:Wiki_markup|tshwao ya wiki]].<ref name=":18">Arthur, Charles (July 2, 2013). [https://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2013/jul/02/rabbit-contact-lens "Boot up: wireless contact lens, Wikipedia's visual editing, Samsung's share slide and more"]. The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131104201314/http://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2013/jul/02/rabbit-contact-lens Archived] from the original on November 4, 2013. Retrieved July 2, 2013.</ref> Go ne ga simololwa gape le morulaganyi yo o diretsweng [[:en:Smartphone|megala ya letheka ya segompieno]] le didirisiwa tse dingwe tsa megala ya mosokela tsebeng.<ref name=":19">Gonera, Juliusz (July 25, 2013). "[[diffblog:2013/07/25/edit-wikipedia-on-the-go/|Edit Wikipedia on the go]]". Diff. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230325104612/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2013/07/25/edit-wikipedia-on-the-go/ Archived] from the original on March 25, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2014 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikipedia Edit 2014.webm|left|thumb|Tshekatsheko ya sesupa ditshwantso sa diteng tsa Wikipedia ka ngwaga wa 2014, e rotloetsa babogedi go tseleganya Wikipedia]] Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2014, lenaneo la go dira kgatiso e e gatisitsweng ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane, e e nang le bogolo bo le sekete le ditsebe di feta didikadike di le dingwe le dikete di le lekgolo, e ne ya simololwa ke batsayakarolo ba Wikipedia ya Sejeremane.<ref name=":10" /> Lenaneo le ne le batla matlole ka [[:en:Indiegogo|Indiegogo]], mme e ne e ikaeletse go tlotla meneelo ya barulaganyi ba Wikipedia.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/feb/20/wikipedia-1000-volume-print-edition-crowdfunding "Wikipedia 1,000-volume print edition planned"]. The Guardian. February 20, 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140311014332/http://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/feb/20/wikipedia-1000-volume-print-edition-crowdfunding Archived] from the original on March 11, 2014. Retrieved April 12, 2014.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2014, sefikantswe sa ntlha sa Wikipedia se ne sa bulwa kwa toropong ya Poland ya Slubice.<ref>Day, Matthew (October 10, 2014). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/poland/11153603/Polish-town-to-build-statue-honouring-Wikipedia.html "Polish town to build statue honouring Wikipedia"]. The Daily Telegraph. [https://web.archive.org/web/20141011191441/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/poland/11153603/Polish-town-to-build-statue-honouring-Wikipedia.html Archived] from the original on October 11, 2014. Retrieved October 11, 2014.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola letsatsi le le borobabobedi, lesome le botlhano ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo, le kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2014, [[:en:Waray_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Waray]], [[:en:Vietnamese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Vietnam]] le [[:en:Cebuano_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Cebuano]] nngwe le nngwe ya tsone e ne ya feta letshwao la pego e le sedikadike se le sengwe. E ne e le Wikipedia ya bolesome, ya bolesome le bongwe le ya bolesom le bobedi go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Le fa di ne di na le badirisi ba le mmalwa fela ba ba matlhagatlhaga, di-Wikipedia tsa puo ya Se-Waray le Se-Cebuano di ne di na le palo e e kwa godimo ya dipego tse di tlhamilweng ka go itirisa tse di tlhamilweng ke di roboto. ==== Ngwaga wa 2015 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikipedia 5 million articles milestone video November 2015.ogv|thumb|Ditshwantsho tse di tshikinyegang tse di tshwayang phitlhelelo ya Wikipedia ya Setswana ya dipego di le didikadike di le tlhano ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e le letsatsi ka ngwaga wa 2015]] Mo bogareng jwa ngwaga wa 2015, Wikipedia e ne e le lefelo la tshedimosetso ya bosupa e e tumileng thata mo lefatsheng go ya [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Maranyane a Alexa]] ,<ref name=":14">[http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org# "Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20171009035134/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on October 9, 2017. Retrieved October 9, 2017.</ref> e ne e le kwa tlase ka lefelo le le lengwe go tswa mo maemong a e neng e le mo go one ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2012. Kwa tshimologong ya ngwaga wa 2015, Wikipedia e ne ya nna ensaetlopedia e kgolo go gaisa tsotlhe ya kitsokakaretso mo inthaneteng, ka palogotlhe e e kopantsweng ya dipego tse di fetang didikadike di le masome a mararo le borataro tsa lefelo le legolo mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a borobabongwe le bongwe.<ref name=":12" /> Ka palogare, Wikipedia e amogela palogotlhe ya dipono tsa ditsebe tsa lefatshe lotlhe di le dibilione di le lesome go tswa mo baeting ba ba kgethegileng ba ka nna didikadike di le makgolo a mane le masome a borobabongwe le botlhano kgwedi le kgwedi,<ref name=":10" /><ref>[[stats:wikimedia/squids/SquidReportPageViewsPerCountryOverview.htm|"Wikimedia Statistics"]]. April 20, 2011. [https://web.archive.org/web/20111020212633/http://stats.wikimedia.org/wikimedia/squids/SquidReportPageViewsPerCountryOverview.htm Archived] from the original on October 20, 2011. Retrieved October 14, 2011.</ref> go akaretsa le baeng ba le didikadike di le masome a borobabobedi le botlhano go tswa kwa lefatsheng la United States fela,<ref name=":11" /> kwa e leng lefelo la borataro le le ratiwang thata.<ref name=":14" /> [[Setshwantsho:Print Wikipedia (no subtitles).webm|thumb|Motaki [[:en:Michael_Mandiberg|Michael Mandiberg]] o bua ka [[:en:Print_Wikipedia|Wikipedia e e Gatisitsweng]].]] [[:en:Print_Wikipedia|Gatisa Wikipedia]] e ne e le lenaneo la botaki le le dirilweng ke [[:en:Michael_Mandiberg|Michael Mandiberg]] le le neng la dira gore go nne le bokgoni jwa go gatisa bogolo jwa volume di le dikete tse supa ,makgolo a mane le masome a supa le boraro tsa Wikipedia jaaka e ne e le teng ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a supa ka ngwaga wa 2015. Bogolo jwa volume nngwe le nngwe e na le ditsebe di le makgolo a le supa mme ke di le lekgolo le lesome fela tse di gatisitsweng ke motaki.<ref>Schuessler, Jennifer (June 16, 2015). [https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/17/books/moving-wikipedia-from-computer-to-many-many-bookshelves.html "Moving Wikipedia From Computer to Many, Many Bookshelves"]. [[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20161202120645/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/17/books/moving-wikipedia-from-computer-to-many-many-bookshelves.html Archived] from the original on December 2, 2016. Retrieved December 24, 2016.</ref> Ka letsatsi le le lengwe la kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2015, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e fitlheletse dipego di le didikadike tse tlhano ka go tlhamiwa ga pego ka ga [[:en:Persoonia_terminalis|''Persoonia terminalis'']], mofuta wa setlhatshana. Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boraro, Wikipedia e ne ya amogela [[:en:Princess_of_Asturias_Awards|''Sekgele sa Kgosigatsana ya Asturias sa Tirisanommogo ya Boditšhabatšhaba.'']]<ref>"[https://elpais.com/tecnologia/2015/06/17/actualidad/1434535111_709353.html Wikipedia, Premio Princesa de Asturias de Cooperación]". El País (in Spanish). June 17, 2015. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1134-6582 1134-6582]. Retrieved February 4, 2026.</ref><ref>Poyo, Ana (October 22, 2015). [https://www.vogue.es/moda/news/articulos/agenda-premios-princesa-asturias-2015-ceremonia-entrega-reyes-felipe-letizia-mejores-looks-leonor-de-borbon/23909 "Los Premios Princesa de Asturias 2015 (al detalle)"]. ''Vogue España'' (in European Spanish). Retrieved February 4, 2026.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2016 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le le lesome le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2016, [[:en:Japanese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejapane]] e ne ya feta letshwao la dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe, mme ya nna Wikipedia ya bolesometharo go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Setlhogo sa sedidikadike se ne se le sa Wave 224, e leng sekepe sa ka fa tlase ga metsi sa [[:en:World_War_II|Ntwa ya Lefatshe ya bobedi]] sa Sesole sa Lewatle sa Bogosi jwa Japane. Mo bogareng jwa ngwaga wa 2016, Wikipedia e ne ya nna gape lefelo la tshedimosetso la borataro le le tumileng thata mo lefatsheng go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]],<ref>"[http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org# Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160706214359/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on July 6, 2016. Retrieved July 7, 2016.</ref> e tlhatlogile ka lefelo le le lengwe go tswa mo maemong a e neng e le mo go one mo ngwageng o o fetileng. ==== Ngwaga wa 2017 ==== Mo bogareng jwa ngwaga wa 2017, Wikipedia e ne ya kwalwa jaaka lefelo la tshedimosetso ya botlhano e e ratiwang thata mo lefatsheng go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]],<ref>"[http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org# Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170704011642/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on July 4, 2017. Retrieved July 4, 2017.</ref> e tlhatlogile lefelo le le lengwe go tswa mo maemong a e neng e le mo go one mo ngwageng o o fetileng. Wikipedia Zero e dirilwe gore e nne teng kwa Iraq le kwa Afganistan. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabongwe 2017, [[:en:Block_of_Wikipedia_in_Turkey|go fitlhelela Wikipedia mo maranayaneng go ne ga thibelwa mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo kwa Turkey]] ke balaodi ba Turkey. Go thibelwa mo go ne ga tswelela go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano,ka ngwaga wa 2020, ka gonne [[:en:Judicial_system_of_Turkey|kgotlatshekelo ya Turkey]] e ne ya atlhola gore thibelo e e tlola ditshwanelo tsa batho. [[:en:Japanese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejapane]] e e tsenngwang mokgwa wa tshireletso kwa China fa e sale ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole a tlhola malatsia le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2017.<ref>[https://en.greatfire.org/https/ja.wikipedia.org "ja.wikipedia.org]". ''[[:en:GreatFire|GreatFire]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180120065845/https://en.greatfire.org/https/ja.wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on January 20, 2018. Retrieved April 7, 2018.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2018 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2018, palo ya dipego tsa [[:en:Chinese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Setšhaena]] e ne ya feta sedikadike se le sengwe mme ya nna Wikipedia ya bolesome le bone go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Wikipedia ya Setšhaena e thibetswe kwa [[:en:Mainland_China|Nagengkgolo ya China]] fa e sale ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 2015.<ref>[https://www.theverge.com/2015/9/4/9260981/jimmy-wales-wikipedia-china "Wikipedia founder defends decision to encrypt the site in China".] September 4, 2015. Archived from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved April 17, 2018.</ref> Moragonyana mo ngwageng, ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borataro , [[:en:Portuguese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sepotokisi]] e ne ya feta letshwao la dipego di le sedikadike ose le sengwe, ya nna Wikipedia ya bolesome le botlhano go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Setlhogo sa sedikadike e ne e le [[:pt:Perdão de Richard Nixon|Perdão de Richard Nixon]] ([[:en:Pardon_of_Richard_Nixon|Tshwarelo ya ga Richard Nixon)]]. Ka ngwaga wa2018, Wikipedia e ne ya boloka lenaane la yone jaaka lefelo la tshedimosetso ya botlhano e e ratiwang thata mo lefatsheng go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Inthanete ya Alexa]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org "Wikipedia.org Traffic, Demographics and Competitors – Alexa"]. alexa.com. Archived from the original on August 25, 2020. Retrieved October 28, 2018.</ref> Ntlha nngwe e e tlhomologileng e ne e le tiriso ya [[:en:Artificial_Intelligence|Botlhale jwa Maitirelo]] go tlhama dipego tse di kwadilweng ka ditlhogo tse di neng di tlhokomologilwe.<ref>"[https://www.theverge.com/2018/8/8/17663544/ai-scientists-wikipedia-primer AI spots 40,000 prominent scientists overlooked by Wikipedia]". The Verge. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180809023533/https://www.theverge.com/2018/8/8/17663544/ai-scientists-wikipedia-primer Archived] from the original on August 9, 2018. Retrieved October 28, 2018.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2019 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola masome a mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2019, balaodi ba China ba ne ba atolosa Wikipedia go nna mefuta ya dipuo tsotlhe.<ref>Gandolfo, Ryan. "[http://www.thatsmags.com/beijing/post/27660/wikipedia-currently-down-in-china Wikipedia Currently Down in China"]. That's Beijing. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190424081614/http://www.thatsmags.com/beijing/post/27660/wikipedia-currently-down-in-china Archived] from the original on April 24, 2019. Retrieved April 24, 2019.</ref><ref>Sukhbir Singh; Arturo Filastò; Maria Xynou (May 4, 2019). [https://ooni.io/post/2019-china-wikipedia-blocking/ "China is now blocking all language editions of Wikipedia"]. Open Observatory of Network Interference. Retrieved May 7, 2019. The following chart, based on OONI data, illustrates that multiple language editions of Wikipedia have been blocked in China as of April 2019.{...}OONI measurements show that many of these Wikipedia domains were previously accessible, but all measurements collected from 25 April 2019 onwards present the same DNS anomalies for all Wikipedia sub-domains.{...}Based on these tests, we were able to conclude that China Telecom does in fact block all language editions of Wikipedia by means of both DNS injection and SNI filtering.</ref> Nako ya go thibela e ne ya tsamaisana le [[:en:30th_anniversary_of_the_1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests|ngwaga wa masome a mararo a segopotso]] wa [[:en:1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre|ditshupetso le polao ya batho ba le bantsi kwa Tiananmen Square ka ngwaga wa 1989]] le ngwaga wa bo lekgolo wa [[:en:May_Fourth_Movement|Mokgatlho wa Motsheganong wa Bone]], mme seo sa felela ka gore [[:en:Internet_censorship_in_China|inthanete e tlhotlhomisiwe thata kwa China.]]<ref>[https://www.news18.com/news/world/ahead-of-tiananmen-anniversary-chinese-government-blocks-wikipedia-2142621.html "Ahead of Tiananmen Anniversary, Chinese Government Blocks Wikipedia"]. News18. May 15, 2019. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190602223335/https://www.news18.com/news/world/ahead-of-tiananmen-anniversary-chinese-government-blocks-wikipedia-2142621.html Archived] from the original on June 2, 2019. Retrieved June 2, 2019.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2019, go ya ka Alexa.com, Wikipedia e ne ya wela tlase go tswa mo maemong a botlhano go ya kwa maemong a bosupa mo lefelong la tshedimosetso mo lefatsheng ka ntlha ya go dirisa inthanete mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org wikipedia.org Competitive Analysis, Marketing Mix and Traffic – Alexa"]. alexa.com. Archived from [https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org the original] on August 25, 2020. Retrieved February 10, 2018.</ref> Ka one ngwaga oo, kopololo ya Wikipedia e ne ya romelwa kwa Ngweding, e le karolo ya [[:en:Arch_Mission_Foundation|lefelo la go bala la Arch Lunar]]. Ka ntlha ya go palelwa, sefofane se se dirisang mollo go fofa se ne sa thula mo godimo ga Ngwedi, mme, ka ntlha ya tiriso ya di polokelo tse di kgethegileng, tse di kgonang go emelana le nickel, go dumelwa gore kopololo e ne ya falola go thula.<ref>Taylor, Chris (April 17, 2019). [https://mashable.com/article/moon-library-beresheet-crash-wikipedia "There may be a copy of Wikipedia somewhere on the moon. Here's how to help find it"]. Mashable. Retrieved March 30, 2026.</ref> === Ngwagasome wa boraro: 2020–gompieno === Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa 2020, setlhogo sa didikadike di le thataro, e leng lokwalo la botshelo lwa ga [[:en:Maria_Elise_Turner_Lauder|Maria Elise Turner Lauder,]] se ne sa tsenngwa mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane. Le fa go ne go na le kgolo e ya dipego, go dirisana ga Wikipedia mo inthaneteng ya lefatshe lotlhe, jaaka go lekanngwa ke Alexa, go ne ga tswelela go fokotsega. Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2020, Wikipedia e ne ya wela mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ya bolesome le bongwe mo lefatsheng ka ntlha ya go dirisa inthanete mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref name=":15">[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org "wikipedia.org Competitive Analysis, Marketing Mix and Traffic – Alexa"]. alexa.com. Archived from [https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org the original] on August 25, 2020. Retrieved February 10, 2018.</ref> Bobedi jwa go bega ga Wikipedia ga mathata a [[:en:COVID-19_pandemic|bolwetsi jo bo neng jwa amana lefatshe lotlhe la COVID-19]] le diphetogo tse di tshegetsang, dipuisano, le e leng go phimolwa go ne go akanngwa gore ke motswedi o o mosola go bo ra ditso ba isago ba ba batlang go tlhaloganya paka eo ka botlalo.<ref>Harrison, Stephen (May 27, 2020). [https://slate.com/technology/2020/05/wikipedia-coronavirus-information-future-historians.html "Future Historians Will Need Access to Coronavirus Misinformation]". Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200527165139/https://slate.com/technology/2020/05/wikipedia-coronavirus-information-future-historians.html Archived] from the original on May 27, 2020. Retrieved June 9, 2020.</ref> [[:en:World_Health_Organization|Mokgatlho wa Lefatshe wa Boitekanelo]] o dirisane mmogo le Wikipedia jaaka motswedi wa konokono wa go anamisa tshedimosetso e e amanang le COVID-19 jaaka go thusa go lwantshana go anama ga tshedimosetso e e fosegileng.<ref>Matt, Chase (January 9, 2021). [https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higherhttps://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher "Wikipedia is 20, and its reputation has never been highe]r". [[:en:The_Economist|The Economist]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221231224550/https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher Archived] from the original on December 31, 2022. Retrieved January 9, 2021.</ref><ref>McNeil, Donald G. (October 22, 2020). [https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/22/health/wikipedia-who-coronavirus-health.html "Wikipedia and W.H.O. Join to Combat Covid-19 Misinformation"]. [[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20201227064918/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/22/health/wikipedia-who-coronavirus-health.html Archived] from the original on December 27, 2020. Retrieved October 25, 2020.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2021 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2021, [[:en:Wikipedia:20th_anniversary|ngwaga wa masome a mabedi wa segopotso sa Wikipedia]] o ne wa lemogiwa mo metsweding ya dikgang.<ref>Kelly, Heather (January 15, 2021). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/01/15/wikipedia-20-year-anniversary/ "Technology: On its 20th birthday, Wikipedia might be the safest place online]". [[:en:The_Washington_Post|The Washington Post]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210905012756/https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/01/15/wikipedia-20-year-anniversary/ Archived] from the original on September 5, 2021. Retrieved January 16, 2021. The world's largest online encyclopedia has learned lessons from fighting misinformation for two decades</ref><ref>Kent, German (January 15, 2021). "[https://www.cnet.com/news/in-a-post-truth-world-we-need-wikipedia-more-than-ever/ In a post-truth world, we need Wikipedia more than ever]". [[:en:CNET|CNET]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220221144855/https://www.cnet.com/news/in-a-post-truth-world-we-need-wikipedia-more-than-ever/ Archived] from the original on February 21, 2022. Retrieved January 16, 2021. Commentary: Wikipedia celebrated its 20th anniversary today. The free encyclopedia may not be exciting, but its neutral, volunteer-driven content is incredibly valuable.</ref><ref>"[https://www.dw.com/en/world-in-progress-20-years-of-wikipedia/av-56212410 World in Progress: 20 years of Wikipedia]" (Audio). [[:en:Deutsche_Welle|Deutsche Welle]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221005082902/https://www.dw.com/en/world-in-progress-20-years-of-wikipedia/av-56212410 Archived] from the original on October 5, 2022. Retrieved January 17, 2021. The year marks the 20th anniversary of Wikipedia. Every month, more than 1.7 billion people visit the open-source website in search of information about, well, just about anything! We speak with Dr. Bernie Hogan from the [[:en:Oxford_Internet_Institute|Oxford Internet Institute]] about Wikipedia's successes, where it fits into the discrimination crisis, and the website's future.</ref><ref>[[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Wales, Jimmy]] (January 14, 2021). [https://news.yahoo.com/wikipedia-turns-20-aims-reach-035212015.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly9zZWFyY2gueWFob28uY29tLw&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAHKHaTI72xUEUz_BdVPt8DFvi-uLdmApcbSckrJrAbM_GpTwHsHtNHRdxX-KYAS6xk81e_p_w46bfh10PJVV7cmUzE-pWR5gsID2T8Kd1k0u-2r78p4Y4V16CKTPFcWRJzV0LwQMJyuEeeR7Vv-_lfVBiCT30KvF47aGzyE3QP-a "As Wikipedia turns 20 it aims to reach more readers"]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220923105157/https://news.yahoo.com/wikipedia-turns-20-aims-reach-035212015.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly9zZWFyY2gueWFob28uY29tLw&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAHKHaTI72xUEUz_BdVPt8DFvi-uLdmApcbSckrJrAbM_GpTwHsHtNHRdxX-KYAS6xk81e_p_w46bfh10PJVV7cmUzE-pWR5gsID2T8Kd1k0u-2r78p4Y4V16CKTPFcWRJzV0LwQMJyuEeeR7Vv-_lfVBiCT30KvF47aGzyE3QP-a Archived] from the original on September 23, 2022. Retrieved January 17, 2021 – via [[:en:Yahoo!|Yahoo]]!. Wikipedia is the web's seventh-most visited site</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malalatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2021, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya fitlhelela diphetogo di le dibilione di le nngwe, koo tseleganyo ya bobilione e neng ya dirwa ke [[:en:Steven_Pruitt|Steven Pruitt]]<ref>"[https://www.vice.com/en/article/the-english-language-wikipedia-just-had-its-billionth-edit/ The English Language Wikipedia Just Had Its Billionth Edit"]. [[:en:Vice_(magazine)|Vice]]. January 15, 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210115145145/https://www.vice.com/en/article/k7appn/the-english-language-wikipedia-just-had-its-billionth-edit Archived] from the original on January 15, 2021. Retrieved February 26, 2021.</ref> [[:en:MIT_Press|MIT Press]] e gatisitse buka e e [[:en:Open_access|bulegileng ya ditlhamo]] [[:en:Wikipedia_@_20|''Wikipedia @ 20'']]: ''Dikgang tsa Phetogo e e sa Fediwang'', e e rulagantsweng ke [[:en:Joseph_M._Reagle_Jr.|Joseph Reagle]] le Jackie Koerner ka ditshwaelo go tswa go ba-Wikipedia ba ba tlhageletseng, ba-Wikimedia, babatlisisi, babegadikgang, ba lefelo la dibuka le baitseanape ba bangwe ba ba akanyang ka ditiragalo tse di rileng le<ref>Reagle, Joseph; Koerner, Jackie, eds. (2020). [https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/wikipedia-20 Wikipedia @ 20: Stories of an Incomplete Revolution]. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0262538176|978-0262538176.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20220716055539/https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/wikipedia-20 Archived] from the original on July 16, 2022. Retrieved November 12, 2021.</ref>. Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2021, Wikipedia e ne e wetse mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ya bolesometharo mo lefatsheng ka ntlha ya go dirisa inthanete mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref name=":15" /> ==== Ngwaga wa 2022 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2022, Modiri wa Wikipedia Richard Knipel o ne a tlhama setlhogo sa [[:en:Artwork_title|setlhogo sa Botaki]], se poeletso ya sone ya ntlha e neng e le mokwalo yo o santseng o tla baakangwa e e tlhagisitsweng ke [[:en:ChatGPT|ChatGPT]] e Knipel a neng a e dirile diphetogo tse dinnye go tsamaisana thata le maemo a Wikipedia. Knipel o boletse mo [[:en:Talk_page|tsebeng ya puisano]] gore o dumela gore ke lekgetlo la ntlha mongwe a dirisa ChatGPT go tlhama pego ya Wikipedia. Go romelwa ga pego e go ne ga kgalwa ke barulaganyi ba bangwe mme ga tsosa kganetsano mo setšhabeng sa Wikipedia, mme se sa dira gore go nne le kganetsano e e tseneletseng ka gore a ChatGPT le dikai tse di tshwanang le yone di tshwanetse go dirisiwa mo go kwaleng diteng tsa Wikipedia le gore, fa go le jalo, di tshwanetse go dirisiwa go le kana kang.<ref>Harrison, Stephen (January 12, 2023). [https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/chatgpt-wikipedia-articles.html "Should ChatGPT Be Used to Write Wikipedia Articles?]". Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230128200141/https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/chatgpt-wikipedia-articles.html Archived] from the original on January 28, 2023. Retrieved January 30, 2023.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2023 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2023, segokaganyi sa sesupa ditlhaka sa tafole sa Wikipedia se ne sa fetolwa lekgetho la ntlha fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 2010, go nna sebopedgo se sesha se se bitswang [[:en:Vector_2022|Vector 2022]].<ref>"[[foundationsite:news/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-a-fresh-new-look-first-desktop-update-in-a-decade-puts-usability-at-the-forefront/|Wikipedia Gets a Fresh New Look: First Desktop Update in a Decade Puts Usability at the Forefront]]". Wikimedia Foundation. January 18, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230119234339/https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-a-fresh-new-look-first-desktop-update-in-a-decade-puts-usability-at-the-forefront/ Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> Segokakanyi sa modirisi se segolo se sesha se ne sa nyatswa thata ke badirisi. Dikganetso tse dintsi di ne di tlhomile mogopolo mo thulaganyong ya bophara jo bo tlhomameng, e e neng ya dira gore go nne le sebaka se sesweu se se feteletseng mo dintlheng tsa dimonithara tse di bulegileng, mme se sa dira gore go nne le motlotlo wa mafoko a le dikete tse borobabongwe wa gore a letlalo le lesha le tshwanetse go nna le le tlwaelesegileng. [[:en:Swahili_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seswahili]] e ne ya tlhopa ka bongwefela jwa pelo go gana letlalo le lesha mme "ka bokhutshwane" ya batla gore go boelwe kwa letlalong la bogologolo. Go tshwaiwa phoso go gongwe go ne ga lebisiwa kwa Mokgatlhong wa Wikimedia ka go thapa setlhopha sa batlhami se se nang le maitemogelo a a lekanyeditsweng mo diwiki. Brandon Harris, yo e neng e le motlhami yo mogolo kwa Wikipedia go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2010 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2014, o ne a re: "Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia gantsi o thapa batlhami ba ba sa tlwaelanang le baagi, mme ba tsena abo ba leka go dira diphetogo tseo tsotlhe—ba taboga ka tlhogo pele go nna shaga ya modumo —mme baagi ba gana ka tsela e e utlwalang]".<ref name=":20">Rauwerda, Annie (January 18, 2023). [https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/wikipedia-redesign-vector-2022-skin.html "Wikipedia's Redesign Is Barely Noticeable. That's the Point"]. Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120005241/https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/wikipedia-redesign-vector-2022-skin.html Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Wikimedia Sound Logo Finalist VQ97.wav|thumb|Letshwao la modumo la Wikimedia (go akaretsa le Wikipedia)<ref name=":16">[[foundationsite:news/2023/03/28/wikipedias-new-sound-logo-winner/|"Wikipedia's new sound logo: Winner of The Sound of All Human Knowledge contest announced".]] Wikimedia Foundation. March 28, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230406101352/https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/03/28/wikipedias-new-sound-logo-winner/ Archived] from the original on April 6, 2023. Retrieved May 2, 2023.</ref>]] Morago ga therisano le kgaisano, letshwao [[:en:Sound_logo|la ntlha la modumo]] la Wikimedia (go akaretsa le Wikipedia) le ne la amogelwa.<ref name=":16" /> ==== Ngwaga wa 2024 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a lelesome le boraro, ka ngwaga wa 2024, kopololo ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane, e e bolokilweng mo [[:en:5D_optical_data_storage|polokelong ya tshedimosetso ya 5D optical]], e ne ya tsenngwa mo lefelong la patlisiso le le ka fa tlase ga lefatshe kwa Switzerland, le le nang le kgonagalo ya go bolokwa dingwaga di ka nna dibilione di le lesome le bone, ka ntlha ya maranyane ya polokelo e e dirisitsweng. Kopololo e ka balega ka go dirisa [[:en:Microscope|sedirisiwa sa go godisa dilo tse dinnye gore di bonale sentle]], kwantle ga go tlhoka go dirisa [[:en:Digital_electronics|thekenoloji ya maranyane a segompieno]] .<ref>"[https://www.archmission.org/gkv Global Knowledge Vault]". Arch Mission Foundation - Preserving humanity forever, in space and on Earth. Retrieved May 26, 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2024, kopololo ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya goroga ka katlego mo Ngweding, jaaka karolo ya lenaneo la Galactic Legacy Archive. Thomo e ne ya dirwa ke [[:en:Intuitive_Machines|Metšhini ya Intuitive]], fa sefofane se se dirisang mollo sone se ne sa itsisiwe semmuso ke [[:en:SpaceX|SpaceX]]. Tshedimosetso e e ne e bolokilwe jaaka e e dirisang dikarolo di le lesome le borataro tsa nickel, mme go akanyediwa gore e ka nna mo godimo ga Ngwedi dingwaga di ka nna dibilione di le tlhano. <ref>"[https://www.archmission.org/galactic-legacy-archive Galactic Legacy Archive]". Arch Mission Foundation - Preserving humanity forever, in space and on Earth. Retrieved May 26, 2026.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2025 ==== ==== Ngwaga wa 2026 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Work-in-progress animation of the Wikipedia 25 birthday mascot scrolling on a phone.gif|thumb|Setshwantsho sa Baby Globe e tsamayatsamaya mo mogaleng wa letheka]] Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano, Wikipedia e ne ya keteka ngwaga wa yone wa masome a mabedi le botlhano.<ref>[https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00074-1 "Wikipedia is needed now more than ever, 25 years on"]. Nature. 649 (8099): 1079–1080. January 28, 2026. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00074-1|10.1038/d41586-026-00074-1]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1476-4687 1476-4687.]</ref> Go ne ga tlhamiwa motseletsele wa ditokomane le "lebokoso la go boloka dilo tsa nako" jaaka karolo ya meletlo.<ref>Roth, Emma (January 15, 2026). [https://www.theverge.com/news/861935/wikipedia-25th-anniversary-2026 "Wikipedia turns 25 and shares a glimpse into the lives of its volunteer editors]". The Verge. Retrieved February 25, 2026.</ref> Go ne ga gololwa setshwantsho se se tlhamilweng ke modirisi BaduFerreira se se bidiwang [[:en:Baby_Globe|Baby Globe]]. E ne ya tlhagelela fa mokgwa wa letsatsi la matsalo o ne o kgontshitswe mo Wikipedia. Go ne ga tlhamiwa [[:en:Plush|seaparo]] sa Baby Globe se se ka [[:en:Collectable|kokoanngwang]] ka tirisanommogo le Makeship.<ref>Fear, Natalie (January 15, 2026). [https://www.creativebloq.com/design/wikipedia-unveils-adorable-mascot-for-25th-anniversary "Wikipedia's new mascot is too cute for words"]. Creative Bloq. Retrieved February 25, 2026.</ref> Baby Globe e ne ya tlosiwa mo lefelong la Wikipedia ka kgwedi ya Moranang a le malatsi a le supa.<ref>"[[foundationsite:wikipedia25/wikipedia-mascot/|Meet Baby Globe, Wikipedia's 25th birthday mascot]]". Wikimedia Foundation. Retrieved April 14, 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bosupa, Wikipedia e ne ya thibela tiriso ya diteng tse di tlhamilweng ke [[:en:Large_language_model|di-LLM]] mo dipegong tsa yone, kwa ntle ga dithanolo le diphetogo tse dinnye tsa di kopololo.<ref>Milman, Oliver (March 27, 2026). [https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2026/mar/27/wikipedia-bans-ai "Wikipedia bans AI-generated content in its online encyclopedia"]. The Guardian. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077 0261-3077]. Retrieved March 31, 2026.</ref><ref>"[https://www.newsweek.com/wikipedia-bans-ai-content-after-debate-11746790 Wikipedia bans one type of content after 'heated debate']". Newsweek. March 27, 2026. Retrieved March 31, 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong a tlhola malatsia le lesome le bongwe, Wikipedia e ne ya golola Kgwetlho ya go Bala ya Ngwaga wa bo masome a mabedi le botlhano ya tiriso ya iOS go tloga ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bongwe go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borobabobedi mme Baby Globe e ne ya tlhagisiwa gape.<ref>"[[mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Team/25th_Birthday_Reading_Challenge|Wikimedia Apps/Team/25th Birthday Reading Challenge"]]. MediaWiki. May 11, 2026. Retrieved June 14, 2026.</ref> == Ditso go ya ka maphata a thuto == === Didirisiwa tsa sesupaditlhaka le mananeo a sesupaditlhaka === Pego ya konokono: [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]] ''Mananeo a sesupaditlhaka a a tsamaisang Wikipedia, le sedirisiwa sa sesupaditlhaka, mafelo a polokelo a di server le ditsamaiso tse dingwe tse Wikipedia e ikaegileng ka tsone.'' * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2001, Wikipedia e ne ya tsamaya mo [[:en:UseModWiki|UseModWiki]], e e kwadilweng ka [[:en:Perl|Perl]] ke [[:en:Clifford_Adams|Clifford Adams]]. Sesupaditlhaka se se fang disupaditlhaka tse dingwe ditirelo le tshedimosetso mo mafaratlhatlheng e ne e sa ntse e dirisa [[:en:Linux|Linux]], le fa mokwalo wa ntlha o ne o bolokilwe mo sedirisweng sa polokelo sa faele go na le mo polokelong ya tshedimosetso ya database . Ditlhogo di ne di bidiwa ka mokgwa wa [[:en:CamelCase|CamelCase]]. * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2002, "Kgato ya bobedi" ya mananeo a sesupa ditlhaka ya wiki e e fang Wikipedia maatla e ne ya tlhagisiwa, e e neng ya emisetsa [[:en:UseModWiki|UseModWiki]] ya bogologolo. E kwaletswe lenaneo leo ka tlhamalalo ke [[:en:Magnus_Manske|Magnus Manske]], e ne e akaretsa [[:en:Wiki_engine|enjene ya wiki]] ya [[:en:PHP|PHP]]. * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2002, [[:en:Rewrite_(programming)|go kwalwa sešwa mo gogolo]] ga mananeo a sesupaditlhaka e e fang Wikipedia maatla go ne ga simolola; e e bidiwang "Kgato ya boraro", e ne ya tsaya sebaka sa mofuta wa bogologolo wa "Kgato ya bobedi", mme ya nna [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]]. E kwadilwe ke [[:en:Lee_Daniel_Crocker|Lee Daniel Crocker]] go tsibogela ditlhokego tse di oketsegang tsa lenaneo le le golang. * Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2002, Derek Ramsey o ne a tlhama [[:en:Internet_bot|bot]] – thulaganyo e e itirisang e e bidiwang [[:en:Rambot|Rambot]] – go oketsa palo e ntsi ya dipego tse di buang ka ditoropo tsa lefatshe la United States; dipego tseo di ne tsa tlhagisiwa ka go itirisa go tswa mo tshedimosetsong ya [[:en:U.S._census|palobatho ya U.S.]] Ka jalo o ne a oketsa palo ya dipego tsa Wikipedia ka dikete tse masome a mararo le boraro le makgolo a borobabobedi le masome a mararo le bobedi.<ref>[[:en:Andrew_Lih|Lih, Andrew]] (2009). [https://books.google.com/books?id=AWuZAAAAQBAJ&q=%22Derek+Ramsey+%28Wikipedian%29%22 ''The Wikipedia Revolution'']. Hachette Digital, Inc. pp. 99–106. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1401395858|978-1401395858]].</ref> Se se biditswe "kgato e e tsosang kganetsano go gaisa mo ditsong tsa Wikipedia"<ref>Lih, p. 99.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2003, go ne ga okediwa ka tshegetso ya sekaelo tsa dipalo mo [[:en:TeX|TeX]]. Ditaelo tse di kwadilweng ka puo ya sesupaditlhaka di ne tsa ntshiwa ke Tomasz Węgrzanowski. * Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a a robangbongweka ngwaga wa 2003, segokaganyi sa [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] sa Wikipedia se ne sa fetolwa go dira gore di-ISBN mo dipegong di golagane le E kgethegileng:Metswedi ya Dibuka, e e tsayang diteng tsa yone go tswa mo tsebeng e e ka rulaganngwang ke modirisi ya [[:en:Wikipedia:Book_sources|Wikipedia:Metswedi ya dibuka]]. Pele ga se, dintlha tsa kgokagano ya ISBN di ne tsa tsenngwa khoutu mo lenaneong la sesupa ditshwantso mme go ne ga tshitshinngwa tse dišwa mo tsebeng ya Wikipedia:ISBN. Bona tseleganyo e e fetotseng se. * Morago ga kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 2003, melaetsa e e farologaneng ya tsamaiso e e neng e bontshiwa badirisi ba Wikipedia e ne e sa tlhole e tsentswe [[:en:Hard_coding|dikhoutu tse di thata]], mme se se ne sa dira gore [[:en:Wikipedia:Administrators|batsamaisi]] ba Wikipedia ba kgone go fetola dikarolo dingwe tsa segokaganyi sa MediaWiki, jaaka molaetsa o o neng o bontshiwa badirisi ba ba thibetsweng. * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2004, ditiro tsa disupaditlhaka se se fang disupaditlhaka tse dingwe ditirelo le tshedimosetso mo mafaratlhatlheng di ne tsa fudusiwa go tswa kwa San Diego, kwa California go ya kwa [[:en:Tampa,_Florida|Tampa, kwa Florida]].<ref>"[[mailarchive:wikitech-l/2004-February/008420.html|Server swapping soon]]". lists.wikimedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140618061009/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2004-February/008420.html Archived] from the original on June 18, 2014. Retrieved February 10, 2007.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e thola malatsi ka ngwaga wa 2004, lefelo la tshedimosetso tsotlhe tse di farologaneng di ne tsa tlhabololwa go nna mofuta o mošwa wa mananeo a sesupaditlhaka sa [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]]. * Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa 2004, go ne ga tlhagelela ditiragalo tsa ntlha tsa ditsenngwa tsa "go aroganngwa ka ditlhopha". Maano a ditlhopha, jaaka Diphetogo tsa Bosheng le Phetolo ya Tsebe E, di ne di ntse di le teng fa e sa le Wikipedia e tlhongwa. Le fa go ntse jalo, Sanger o ne a lebile maano jaaka manaane, le dipego tse di tsenngwang ka diatla, fa maiteko a go [[:en:Categorization|aroganya ka ditlhopa]] a ne a ikaegile ka ditsenngwa tsa go tlhaola ka ditlhopa ka bongwe mo pegong nngwe le nngwe ya ensaetlopedia, jaaka karolo ya go aroganya ka ditlhopha mo go golo mo go itirisang ga dipego tsa ensaetlopedia.<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Categorization|"Wikipedia:Categorization]]", Wikipedia. Retrieved 30 January 2007.</ref> * Morago ga kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le mararo ka ngwaga wa 2004, batsamaisi ba ne ba ka tseleganya mokgwa wa segokaganyi ka go fetola [[:en:Cascading_Style_Sheets|CSS]] mo pampiring ya mokgwa wa buka e le nngwe mo [[:en:MediaWiki:Monobook.css|MediaWiki:Monobook.css.]] * Gape ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 2004, ka MediaWiki 1.3, go ne ga tlhamiwa lefelo la maina la mokwalo wa go rulaganya diteng, le le letlang go [[:en:Transclusion|tsenngwa]] ga ditlhangwa tse di tlwaelesegileng . * Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 2005 ka oura ya boraro mo mosong ka Nako e e [[:en:Eastern_Time_Zone|Tlwaelesegileng ya Botlhaba]], bontsi jwa sesupaditlhaka se se fang disupaditlhaka tse dingwe ditirelo le tshedimosetso mo mafaratlhatlheng tsa Wikimedia di ne tsa fudusediwa kwa lefelong le lesha le le ka kwa ga mmila. Mananeo otlhe a Wikimedia a ne a sa dire ka nako e. * Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2013, kgato ya ntlha ya polokelo ya tshedimosetso ya [[:en:Wikidata|Wikidata]] ya interwiki e ne ya nna teng mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo tsa Wikipedia.<ref name=":13" /> * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2013, go ne ga tlhongwa segokaganyi sa go tseleganya sa VisualEditor, se se neng se letla badirisi go tseleganya Wikipedia ba dirisa morulaganyi wa mafoko wa [[:en:WYSIWYG|WYSIWYG]] (o o tshwanang le [[:en:Word_processor|modirisiwa wa go rulaganya mafoko]]) go na le [[:en:Wiki_markup|go tshwaya wiki]].<ref name=":18" /> Segokaganyi sa go fetolang se se tokafaditsweng didiriswa tsa mogala wa letheka le sone se ne sa gololwa.<ref name=":19" /> ==== '''Ponalo le mokgwa wa tiriso''' ==== ''Ponalo ya kwa ntle ya Wikipedia, tsela e e [[:en:Look_and_feel|lebegang ka yone, mokgwa o e dirang]] ka one, le letshwao la yone , tsotlhe jaaka di bonwa ke badirisi''. * Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2002, BrilliantProse, e moragonyana e neng ya bidiwa Featured Articles (Ditlhogo tse di Tlhophilweng),<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Featured_articles|"Wikipedia:Featured articles"]]. Wikipedia. Retrieved 30 January 2007.</ref> e ne ya fudusiwa go tswa mo lefelong la pego go ya mo lefelong la Wikipedia. * Mo e ka nnangka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2003, go ne ga tsenngwa letshwao le lesha la Wikipedia.<ref>"[[m:International_logo_vote/Finalists|International logo vote/Finalists".]] Meta-Wiki. Wikimedia. [https://web.archive.org/web/20060716073834/http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/International_logo_vote/Finalists Archived] from the original on July 16, 2006. Retrieved July 8, 2006.</ref> Kgopolo ya letshwao leo e ne ya tlhophiwa ka tshegetso ya ditlhopho, mme morago ga moo ga latela tshekatsheko ya go tlhopha mofuta o o gaisang. Letshwao la bofelo le ne la tlhamiwa ke David Friedland (yo o dirisang leina la “''nohat''” mo Wikipedia), le ikaegile ka mokgwa le kgopolo tse di neng tsa tlhamiwa ke Paul Stansifer. * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2004, karolo ya “Did You Know (DYK)” e ne ya tlhagelela la ntlha mo Tsebeng e Kgolo. * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2004, ka nako ya ka oura ya bolesome le boferabongwe le metsotso e le masome a manê le borataro mo nakong ya UTC. Ponalo eo e ne ya akaretsa ditlhogo tse di tlhophilweng tsotlhe ka seatla, tse di neng di akaretsa:Setlhogo se se Tlhophilweng sa Letsatsi (Daily Featured Article),Ditiragalo tsa Segopotso (Anniversaries),Mo Dikgangnyeng (In the News),le Did You Know (DYK). * Ka '''kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlola malatsi a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 2005''', go ne ga tlhongwa '''porata ya dipuo tsotlhe''' mo atereseng ya '''www.wikipedia.org''', e e neng ya emisetsa go romela badirisi ka tlhamalalo kwa Wikipedia ya Seesimane. * Ka la 5 Tlhakole 2005, [[:en:Portal:Biology|tsebe e e kgobokanyang dikgokagano le tshedimosetso tsotlhe tse di amanang le setlhogo sa :Biology]] e ne ya tlhamiwa, mme ya nna tsebe ya ntlha ya setlhogo sengwe (thematic portal) mo Wikipedia ya Seesimane. Le fa go ntse jalo, kgopolo eo e ne e setse e simolotswe mo Wikipedia ya Sejeremane, kwa [[:de:Portal:Recht|tsebe e e kgobokanyang dikgokagano le tshedimosetso tsotlhe tse di amanang le setlhogo sa Recht]] :Recht (Dithuto tsa Molao) e neng ya tlhongwa ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2003.<ref>[[:de:Wikipedia:WikiProjekt Portale/2003|Portals on German Wikipedia ordered by date of creation.]]</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2005, Wikipedia ya Seesimane e ne ya simolola mokgwa wa go tlhagisa setshwantsho se se tlhophilweng sa letsatsi mo Tsebeng e Kgolo. * Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhla malatsi a le lseome le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2006, morago ga ditlhopho, Tsebe e konokono ya Wikipedia ya Seesimane e ne ya fetolwa sešwa la ntlha morago ga dingwaga di ka nna pedi. * Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2010, lefelo la tshedimosetso le ne la golola sebopego se sesha. Dikarolo tse disha di ne di akaretsa:letshwao le le ntšhafaditsweng, didirisiwa tse disha tsa go tsamaya mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ,le sedirisiwa sa go thusa go tlhama dikgokagano.<ref name=":17" /> === Diphetogo tsa thulaganyo ka ngwaga wa 2023 === ''"Vector 2022" e kaela gape fa. Go bona tshedimosetso ka go dirisa Vector 2022 mo Wikipedia, leba [[:en:Wikipedia:Vector_2022|Wikipedia:Vector 2022.]]'' [[Setshwantsho:Top of the Pluto page in the Vector skin.png|thumb]] [[Setshwantsho:Top of the Pluto page in the Vector 2022 skin.png|thumb|Pego ya Pluto mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane, e bontshiwa ka matlalo a Vector 2010 (ka fa molemeng) le Vector 2022 a kgontshitswe]] Vector 2022, e leng ntšhwafatso ya Vector 2010 ya sebopego sa pele sa Wikipedia, e ne ya itsisiwe ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa 2020, mme kwa tshimologong e ne e rulaganyeditswe go tlhagelela ka ngwaga wa 2021, pele ga e ka dirisiwa ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2023.<ref name=":21">Kurtz, Jason (September 24, 2020). [https://www.cnn.com/2020/09/24/tech/wikipedia-redesign-trnd/index.html "Wikipedia due to get its first substantial website redesign in a decade]". CNN Business. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120112945/https://www.cnn.com/2020/09/24/tech/wikipedia-redesign-trnd/index.html Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2023, Wikimedia e ne e dirile gore ntšhwafatso e nne teng [[:en:List_of_Wikipedias|mo dikgatisong tsa yone tsa puo]] di le makgolo a mararo; e ne e le tlwaelo ya diphetolelo tsa Searabia le Segerika.<ref name=":22">Fingas, Jon (January 19, 2023). [https://www.engadget.com/wikipedia-desktop-web-redesign-211000932.html "Wikipedia's first desktop design update in a decade doesn't rock the boat (updated)"]. Engadget. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230119195554/https://www.engadget.com/wikipedia-desktop-web-redesign-211000932.html Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref><ref name=":20" /><ref name=":23">[https://www.pcmag.com/news/wikipedia-desktop-site-gets-new-look-its-first-in-over-10-years "Wikipedia Desktop Site Gets New Look, Its First in Over 10 Years".] PC Magazine. January 18, 2023. [https://www.pcmag.com/news/wikipedia-desktop-site-gets-new-look-its-first-in-over-10-years Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> Vector 2022 e na le [[:en:User_interface|segokanyimmediamentsi sa sebolokigolo]] sa modirisi se se tlhabolotsweng se se dirang diphetogo tse dintsi mo thulaganyong ya dintlha tsa segokaganyi. Gareng ga tsone, lenaneo la go tlhopha puo, le pele le neng le le kafa molemeng wa sefatlhego sa sesupaditshwantsho, jaanong o fitlhelwa mo sekhutlong se se kwa godimo sa moja sa pontsho ya setlhogo se se balwang gone jaanong.<ref name=":23" /> Mo godimo ga moo, bara e e kafa thoko e kgona go phuthega ka fa morago ga [[:en:Hamburger_button|konopo ya hamburger]]. Vector 2022 gape e oketsa [[:en:Margin_(typography)|dintlha]] tsa pontsho ya dipego, e e nang le phelelo ya go lekanyetsa bophara jwa pego;<ref name=":23" /> go na le toggle e e ka fokotsang dintlha le go atolosa bophara jwa mola wa pego go tlatsa sefatlhego sa sesupaditshwantso.<ref name=":24">Perez, Sarah (January 18, 2023). [https://techcrunch.com/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-its-first-makeover-in-over-a-decade-and-its-fairly-subtle/ "Wikipedia gets its first makeover in over a decade... and it's fairly subtle"]. techcrunch.com. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230119214848/https://techcrunch.com/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-its-first-makeover-in-over-a-decade-and-its-fairly-subtle/ Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref><ref name=":20" /> Bogolo jwa mokwalo jo bo dirisiwang ka tlwaelo ga bo ise bo okediwe, le fa [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] o boleletse ''Engadget'' gore o solofela go dira se kgetho mo isagong.<ref name=":22" /> Tiro ya patlo le yone e ne ya tlhabololwa mo Vector 2022, ka gonne maduoa a ntshitshitsweng go araba dipotso tsa modirisi jaanong di akaretsa ditshwantsho le ditlhaloso tse dikhutshwane go tswa mo ditsebeng tse go buiwang ka tsone.<ref name=":23" /><ref name=":25">Nguyen, Britney. [https://www.businessinsider.com/new-wikipedia-update-looks-different-desktop-redesign-2023-1 "It's not just you  – Wikipedia looks different"]. ''Business Insider''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120012218/https://www.businessinsider.com/new-wikipedia-update-looks-different-desktop-redesign-2023-1 Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] o ne wa bolela gore phetogo eno e ne e tlhotlhelediwa ke keletso ya go dira gore lefelo leno le nne la segompieno le go tokafatsa maitemogelo a go tsamaya le go tseleganya mo babading ba ba senang maitemogelo a maranyane, ka gonne letlalo la pele le ne le tsewa le le "le le sa siamang le le le fekeetsang."<ref name=":21" /><ref name=":22" /><ref name=":24" /> Diteko tse di dirilweng ke motheo di ne tsa oketsa maduo a mokgatlho oo ka koketsego ya badirisi ba dipatlisiso ka karolo ya masome a mararo mo lekgolong, le phokotsego ya karolo ya lesome le botlhano mo lekgolong ya go tsamayatsamaya mo lefelong la tshedimosetso.<ref name=":22" /><ref name=":24" />Diphetolelo tsa ntlha tsa Vector 2022 di ne tsa simolola go dirisiwa la ntlha ka ngwaga wa 2020 mo mafelong a Wikipedia a puo ya Sefora, Sehebera le Sepotokisi,<ref name=":21" /> ​​jaaka fa dikarolo tse disha tsa sebopego di ne di anamisiwa mo badirising gore di lekwe ka iketlo pele ga le gololwa ka botlalo.<ref>Lyles, Taylor (September 24, 2020). [https://www.theverge.com/2020/9/23/21453300/wikipedia-desktop-redesign-2021 "Wikipedia is getting its first desktop redesign in 10 years".] The Verge. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120152848/https://www.theverge.com/2020/9/23/21453300/wikipedia-desktop-redesign-2021 Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> Sebopego se ne sa simolola go dirisiwa jaaka lsebopego se se tlwaelesegileng la babadi ba mafelo a Wikimedia ka dipuo di le makgolo a mararo (mo go tse makgolo a mararo le lesome le borobabobedi) ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2023.<ref name=":22" /><ref name=":20" /><ref name=":23" /> Morago ga go anamisa mo gontsi ga Vector 2022, go santse go kgonega go bala Wikipedia o dirisa sebopego se se fetileng. Le fa go ntse jalo, go dira jalo go tlhoka gore babadi ba ikwadisetse lenaneo le le letlellang go tsena mo Wikipedia, mme morago ba tlhome ditlhopho tsa bone go bontsha Vector 2010 boemong jwa seo.<ref name=":23" /> Ga go na diphetogo tse di dirilweng mo dibopegong tsa Wikipedia jaaka Monobook le Timeless, tse le tsone di sa ntseng di le teng go ka dirisiwa.<ref name=":20" /><ref>[https://gizmodo.com/wikipedia-wikimedia-online-encyclopedia-1850002977 "Try and Spot the Differences in Wikipedia's First New Look in 11 Years]". Gizmodo. January 18, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230119134259/https://gizmodo.com/wikipedia-wikimedia-online-encyclopedia-1850002977 Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> [[:en:Wikipedia_users|Badirisi ba Wikipedia]] ba ne ba kgaogane ka diphetogo tse. Kopo ya tshwaelo mo [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] e e botsang baagi gore a Vector 2022 e tshwanetse go dirisiwa kgotsa nnyaa jaaka sebopego sa tlwaelo se kokoantse mafoko a a fetang dikete tse masome a borobabongwe mo dikarabong.<ref name=":20" /> Batshwayadiphoso ba go tlhamiwa sešwa ba ne ba ganetsa thata [[:en:White_space_(visual_arts)|phatlha e e tshweu]] e e tlogetsweng e le lolea mo sebopegong se lešwa, fa badirisi ba bangwe ba ne ba nyatsa batshwayadiphoso ba re ba na le kganetso ya phetogo.<ref name=":20" /> Barulaganyi ba le lekgolo le masome a marataro le botlhano ba ba neng ba tsaya karolo mo motlotlong ba ne ba sa amogele letlalo le lešwa, fa ba le lekgolo le masome a matlhano a le boraro ba ne ba rata, mme ba le robongwe ba ne ba nna ba sa tseye letlhakore.<ref name=":26">Pearl, Mike (January 18, 2023). [https://mashable.com/article/new-wikipedia-redesign "Yes, Wikipedia looks weird. Don't freak out"]. ''Mashable''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120012235/https://mashable.com/article/new-wikipedia-redesign Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref><ref name=":20" /><ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3ARequests_for_comment%2FDeployment_of_Vector_%282022%29&diff=latest&oldid=1117412136 Wikipedia history page".] ''en.wikipedia.org''.</ref> Le fa go ne go na le palo e kgolo ya barulaganyi ba ba neng ba tlhagisa gore ga ba batle gore Vector 2022 e dirisiwe ka sebopego sa yone sa ga jaana, ka tumalano mo Wikipedia e sa tseelwe tshwetso ka tlhopo, puisane e ne ya tswalelwa go go tshegetsa sebobego se sesha, go akanyediwa ditshwaelo tse di siameng tse di tlogetsweng ke badirisi ba bangwe.<ref name=":26" /><ref name=":20" /> Batlhami ba Vector 2022 ba dirile diphetogo dingwe mo sebopegong go tsibogela ditshwaelo, tse di jaaka go tsenya toggle go kgontsha diteng tsa pego go tlatsa bophara jotlhe jwa sefatlhego sa sesupaditshwantso.<ref name=":20" /><ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Requests_for_comment/Deployment_of_Vector_(2022)&oldid=1138588215 "Wikipedia:Requests for comment/Deployment of Vector (2022)"]. February 10, 2023 – via Wikipedia.</ref> Badirisi ba [[:en:Swahili_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seswahili]] ba ne ba sa dumalane ka bongwefela jwa pelo le go tsenngwa tirisong ga sebopego se lešwa.<ref name=":20" /> Babegadikgang ba ba neng ba tsibogela go anamisa ga Vector 2022 ba ne ba tsaya ntšhwafatso le dikarolo tse disha tse di tlhagisitsweng e le ditlaleletso tse di mosola, mme ka kakaretso ba ne ba tlhalosa sebopego jaaka ntšhwafatso e nnye e e neng ya se ka ya fetola maitemogelo a bone a go bala mo Wikipedia.<ref name=":25" /><ref name=":20" /> <ref name=":24" />[[:en:Annie_Rauwerda|Annie Rauwerda]], motlhami wa lenaneo la go letlella go tsena tsa media wa loago tsa [[:en:Depths_of_Wikipedia|Boteng jwa Wikipedia]], o kwadile mo [[:en:Slate_(magazine)|''Slate'']] gore Vector 2022 e ne e sa "farologane thata" le letlalo le le fetileng. Rauwerda o ne a lemoga gape go tshwana fa gare ga tsibogo ya baagi ba Wikipedia kgatlhanong le moakanyetso le dikganetso tsa nako e e fetileng tsa diphetogo tse di tshwanang tsa pono mo mafelong a a tlwaelegileng a a jaaka [[:en:Reddit|Reddit]].<ref name=":20" /> Rauwerda, le Mike Pearl wa ''Mashable'', ba ne ba akgela ka gore badirisi ba ba sa itumeleleng phetogo eo ba ka nna ba sekaseka mo motlotlong o o buang ka sebopego se, kgotsa ba dirisa ditiriso tsa go itebaganya tse di ageletsweng mo lefelong leo go fetola maitemogelo a bone a go bala.<ref name=":26" /><ref name=":20" /> === Dipopego tsa ka fa gare === ''Matshwao a naga mo setšhabeng sa Wikipedia, le tlhabololo ya mokgatlho wa yone, [[:en:Wikipedia:Administration|dibopego tsa ka fa gare]], le'' ''melawana.'' * Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2001, Wales e tlhalosa semmuso "ntlha ya pono e e sa tseyeng letlhakore",<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20010416035757/http://www.wikipedia.com/wiki/NeutralPointOfView NeutralPointOfView]". Wikipedia. Archived from [https://www.wikipedia.com/wiki/NeutralPointOfView the original] on April 16, 2001. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> melawanaya konokono ya botseleganyi e e sa buisanelweng ya Wikipedia,<ref>"A few things are absolute and non-negotiable, though. NPOV for example." [https://mail.wikipedia.org/pipermail/wikien-l/2003-November/008096.html in statement by Jimbo Wales in November 2003] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051125190519/http://mail.wikipedia.org/pipermail/wikien-l/2003-November/008096.html|date=25 November 2005}} and, in this thread reconfirmed by [[mailarchive:wikien-l/2006-April/044388.html|Jimbo Wales in April 2006]] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140618224657/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikien-l/2006-April/044388.html|date=18 June 2014}} in the context of lawsuits.</ref> go tlhamiwa sešwa ga pholisi ya "Go tlhoka go tsaya letlhakore" e e tlhalositsweng ke Sanger ya Nupedia ka dikgakologo kgotsa ka selemo sa 2000, e e neng e akaretsa bontsi jwa melaometheo ya sa1.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20010331211742/http://www.nupedia.com/policy.shtml "Nupedia: Editorial Policy Guidelines"]. www.nupedia.com. March 31, 2001. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/policy.shtml the original] on March 31, 2001. Retrieved March 16, 2023. Nupedia articles are, in terms of their content, to be unbiased. There may be respectable reference works that permit authors to take recognizable stands on controversial issues, but this is not one of them ... "On every issue ... is it very difficult or impossible for the reader to determine what the view is to which the author adheres?" ... for each controversial view discussed, the author of an article (at a bare minimum) mention various opposing views that are taken seriously by any significant minority of experts (or concerned parties) on the subject ... In a final version of the article, every party to the controversy in question must be able to judge that its views have been fairly presented, or as fairly as is possible in a context in which other, opposing views must also be presented as fairly as possible.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa 2001, tirisanommogo ka setlhogo mo [[:en:Wikipedia:WikiProject|mananeong a a Wiki]] e ne ya tlhagisiwa.<ref>"[[:en:Wikipedia:WikiProject_proposal|Wikipedia:WikiProject proposal – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia"]]. English Wikipedia. May 18, 2008. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110506091041/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_proposal Archived] from the original on May 6, 2011. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2002, matshwenyego ka ga kotsi ya go tlhotlhomisiwa le go rekisiwa ga yone mo isagong ke Bomis Inc (moamogedi wa ntlha wa Wikipedia) mmogo le go tlhoka netefaletso ya gore seno ga se kitla se diragala, go ne ga dira gore bontsi jwa batsayakarolo ba [[:es:|Wikipedia ya Sepanishe]] ba kgaogane le go e tlhoma ka nosi jaaka ''[[:en:Enciclopedia_Libre|Enciclopedia Libre]]''.<ref>[http://enciclopedia.us.es/index.php/Enciclopedia:Por_qu%E9_estamos_aqu%ED_y_no_en_es.wikipedia.org Why we are here and not in Wikipedia] [https://web.archive.org/web/20220710072544/http://enciclopedia.us.es/index.php/Enciclopedia:Por_qu%E9_estamos_aqu%ED_y_no_en_es.wikipedia.org Archived] 10 July 2022 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] (in Spanish, under GFDL)</ref> Morago ga go tlhalosiwa ga maemo a Wikipedia le gore ga e a dira kgwebo moragonyana mo ngwageng oo, dipuisano tsa go kopanngwa gape fa gare ga ''Enciclopedia Libre'' le Wikipedia ya Sepanishe e e neng ya tlhongwa sešwa di ne tsa nna teng ka dinako tse dingwe ka ngwaga wa 2002 le ngwaga wa 2003, mme ga go a ka ga fitlhelelwa tshwetso epe. Ka ngwaga wa 2011, ''Enciclopedia Libre'' e ne e tsewa e le mo kwelotlaseng;<ref>Tkacz, Nathaniel (January 20, 2011). [https://www.wired.com/story/wikipedia-spanish-fork/ "The Spanish Fork: Wikipedia's ad-fuelled mutiny"]. Wired. Retrieved August 21, 2025.</ref> e ne ya emisa go dira kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2024. * Gape ka 2002, dintlha tsa pholisi le setaele di ne tsa tlhalosiwa ka go tlhamiwa ga Bukana ya Setaele, mmogo le dipholisi le dikaelo tse dingwe di le mmalwa.[199] * Ka Ngwanatsele 2002, go ne ga tlhomiwa manaane a mašwa a go romela a WikiEN le Announce, mmogo le manaane a mangwe a go romela a puo, go fokotsa bontsi jwa batho ba ba tsenang mo manaaneng a go romela.[200] * Ka Phukwi 2003, molao o o kgatlhanong le go tseleganya buka ya botshelo jwa motho o ne wa tlhagisiwa.[201] * Ka di 28 Diphalane 2003, kopano ya ntlha ya "nnete" ya badiri ba Wikipedia e ne ya diragala kwa Munich. Ditoropo di le dintsi di ne tsa latela, mme go ise go ye kae go ne ga tlhomiwa dikokoano di le mmalwa tsa ka metlha tsa Wikipedia mo lefatsheng lotlhe. Ditšhaba di le mmalwa tsa Inthanete, go akaretsa le nngwe mo webosaeteng e e tumileng ya blog ya LiveJournal, le tsone di tlhagile fa e sa le ka nako eo. * Go tloga ka la bo 10 Phukwi go fitlha ka la bo 30 Phatwe 2004 Wikipedia:Batla le Wikipedia:Batla ka kakaretso tse pele di neng di le mo Tsebeng e Kgolo di ne tsa emisediwa ka dikgokagano tsa kakaretso. Ka di 27 Phatwe 2004 go ne ga simololwa Kgoro ya Baagi,[202] go dira jaaka tsepamo ya maiteko a baagi. Tseno di ne di fitlhelelwa mo nakong e e fetileng ka tsela e e sa tlhomamang, ka dipotso ka bongwe tsa Diphetogo tsa Bosheng, ka setaele sa wiki, jaaka tirisanommogo ya nakwana fa gare ga barulaganyi ba ba nang le mogopolo o o tshwanang. * Ka Lwetse go fitlha ka Sedimonthole 2005 morago ga kganetsano ya Seigenthaler le matshwenyego a mangwe a a tshwanang,[203] dikarolo le dipholisi di le mmalwa tse di kgatlhanong le tirisobotlhaswa di ne tsa okediwa mo Wikipedia. Tseno e ne e le: === Go kokoanya madi === [[Setshwantsho:WMF Support and Revenue, Expenses and Net Assets at Year End.jpg|thumb|Tlhabololo ya matlole ya Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia (ka US$), 2003–2023Bontsho : Dithoto tse di feletseng (ntle le Letlole la Wikimedia, le ga jaanong le emeng ka di dolara di le lekgolo+) Botala: Lotseno (ntle le meneelo ya motho yo mongwe go Wikimedia Endowment) Bohibidu: Ditshenyegelo (go akaretsa le dituelo tsa WMF go Wikimedia Endowment)<ref>[[foundationsite:wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Wikimedia_Foundation_FS_FY2022-2023_Audit_Report.pdf|"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc, Financial Statements, June 30, 2023"]] (PDF). wikimediafoundation.org. October 5, 2023. pp. 3, 14. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240101235700/https://wikimediafoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Wikimedia_Foundation_FS_FY2022-2023_Audit_Report.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.</ref>]] Ngwaga le ngwaga, Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia o tsamaisa matsholo a go kokoanya madi mo Wikipedia go tshegetsa ditiro tsa one. Tse ka kakaretso di tsaya mo e ka nnang kgwedi mme di diragala ka dinako tse di farologaneng tsa ngwaga mo dinageng tse di farologaneng. Mo godimo ga matshwao a phatlalatso a go kokoanya madi mo Wikipedia ka boyone, go na gape le matsholo a melaetsa ya maranyane; melaetsa e mengwe e laletsa batho go tlogela madi a Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia mo diwiling tsa bone.<ref>"[[m:Fundraising#Current_fundraising_activities|Fundraising – Meta"]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220525020516/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fundraising#Current_fundraising_activities Archived] from the original on May 25, 2022. Retrieved May 18, 2022.</ref> <ref>James Lileks (May 2, 2021). [https://www.startribune.com/lileks-wikipedia-wants-me-to-do-what/600052774/ "Lileks: Wikipedia wants me to do what?"]. Star Tribune. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210503001943/https://www.startribune.com/lileks-wikipedia-wants-me-to-do-what/600052774/ Archived] from the original on May 3, 2021. Retrieved May 24, 2022.</ref>Lotseno lo tlhatlogile ngwaga le ngwaga wa go nna teng ga Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia, lwa fitlha go didikadike di le didolara tsa Amerika di le lekgolo le masome a ferabongwe le disente di le lesome le bosupa go tloga ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa 2023, fa lo bapisiwa le ditshenyegelo tsa didikadike di le didolara tsa Amerika di le lekgolo le masome a marataro le borobongwe le disente di le lesome.<ref>[https://www.dailydot.com/debug/wikipedia-endownemnt-fundraising/ "Wikipedia is swimming in money – why is it begging people to donate?"]. The Daily Dot. May 24, 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210524121107/https://www.dailydot.com/debug/wikipedia-endownemnt-fundraising/ Archived] from the original on May 24, 2021. Retrieved September 23, 2021.</ref><ref>[[foundationsite:wp-content/uploads/File:Wikimedia_Foundation_FS_FY2022-2023_Audit_Report.pdf|"File: Wikimedia_Foundation_FS_FY_2022-2023_Audit_Report.pdf – Wikimedia Foundation Governance Wiki"]] (PDF). ''Foundation.wikimedia.org''. October 5, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240101140450/https://wikimediafoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/File:Wikimedia_Foundation_FS_FY2022-2023_Audit_Report.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, Wikimedia Endowment, e leng maiteko a a farologaneng a go kokoanya madi a a simolotsweng ka ngwaga wa 2016, a ne a fitlha ko didikadikeng di le didolara di le lekgolo ka ngwaga wa 2021, dingwaga di le tlhano ka bonako go feta ka fa go neng go rulagantswe ka gone.<ref>[https://diff.wikimedia.org/2021/09/22/the-wikimedia-endowment-reaches-100-million-milestone-and-welcomes-three-new-members-to-its-board-more-on-what-these-developments-mean-for-the-projects-and-movement/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2021/09/22/the-wikimedia-endowment-reaches-100-million-milestone-and-welcomes-three-new-members-to-its-board-more-on-what-these-developments-mean-for-the-projects-and-movement/ "The Wikimedia Endowment reaches $100 million milestone and welcomes three new members to its Board: More on what these developments mean for the projects and movement".] September 22, 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210924014012/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2021/09/22/the-wikimedia-endowment-reaches-100-million-milestone-and-welcomes-three-new-members-to-its-board-more-on-what-these-developments-mean-for-the-projects-and-movement/ Archived] from the original on September 24, 2021. Retrieved September 23, 2021.</ref> === Ditlamorago tsa kwa ntle === * Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Wikipedia e ne ya tsewa e tshwanela go dirisiwa jaaka motswedi o mogolo ke [[:en:UK_Intellectual_Property_Office|Ofisi ya Thoto ya Tlhaloganyo ya UK]] mo katlholong ya kgetse ya letshwaokgwebo la [[:en:Formula_One|Formula One]].<ref>In deciding the trademark of F1 racing {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071031053106/http://www.ipo.gov.uk/tm/t-decisionmaking/t-challenge/t-challenge-decision-results/o16907.pdf|date=31 October 2007}}, the UK Intellectual Property Office considered both the reliability of Wikipedia and its usefulness as a reliable source of evidence:<blockquote>Wikipedia has sometimes suffered from the self-editing that is intrinsic to it, giving rise at times to potentially libellous statements. However, inherently, I cannot see that what is in Wikipedia is any less likely to be true than what is published in a book or on the websites of news organisations. [Formula One's lawyer] did not express any concerns about the Wikipedia evidence [presented by the plaintiff]. I consider that the evidence from Wikipedia can be taken at face value.</blockquote>The case turned substantively upon evidence cited from Wikipedia in 2006 as to the usage and interpretation of the term "F1".</ref> * Fa nako e ntse e ile, Wikipedia e ne ya amogelwa ke metswedi ya dikgang e e tlwaelesegileng jaaka "motswedi o o botlhokwa" wa ditiragalo tse disha tse dikgolo, tse di jaaka [[:en:2004_Indian_Ocean_earthquake|thoromo ya lefatshe ya Lewatle la India ya 2004]] le [[:en:Tsunami|tsunami]] e e amanang le yone, [[:en:2008_American_Presidential_election|ditlhopho tsa botautona tsa Amerika tsa 2008]],<ref>Vargas, Jose Antonio (September 17, 2007). [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/09/16/AR2007091601699.html "On Wikipedia, Debating 2008 Hopefuls' Every Facet".] ''[[:en:The_Washington_Post|The Washington Post]]''. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286 0190-8286.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20230116071359/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/09/16/AR2007091601699.html Archived] from the original on January 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023. <q>...at the same time, it's hard to find a more up-to-date, detailed, thorough article on [[:en:Barack_Obama|Obama]] than Wikipedia's. As of Friday, Obama's article – more than 22 pages long, with 15 sections covering his personal and professional life – had a reference list of 167 sources.</q></ref> le go [[:en:Virginia_Tech_shooting|thuntshiwa ga Virginia Tech]] ka ngwaga wa 2007. Setlhogo sa bofelo se ne sa fitlhelelwa makgetlo a le dikete tse masome a supa le botlhano mo malatsing a mabedi, mme makwalo a dikgang a a gatisitsweng mo lefelong la gaeno go thuntshiwa a oketsa ka gore "Wikipedia e tlhageletse jaaka lefelo la go phepafatsa tshedimosetso e e feletseng ka tiragalo eno."<ref>[http://www.cyberjournalist.net/news/004178.php "Wikipedia emerges as key source for Virginia Tech shootings"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071022200632/http://cyberjournalist.net/news/004178.php|date=22 October 2007}}. ''The New York Times'' via Cyberjournalist.net. 2007. "Even ''[[:en:The_Roanoke_Times|The Roanoke Times]]'', which is published near [[:en:Blacksburg,_Virginia|Blacksburg, Va]]., where the university is located, noted on Thursday that Wikipedia 'has emerged as the clearinghouse for detailed information on the event'."</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mbadi le bongwe ka ngwaga wa 2007, Noam Cohen wa ''New York Times'' o ne a bega gore barutegi bangwe ba ne ba thibela tiriso ya Wikipedia jaaka sedirisiwa sa patlisiso.<ref>Cohen, Noam (February 21, 2007). [https://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/21/education/21wikipedia.html "A History Department Bans Citing Wikipedia as a Research Source]". ''The New York Times''. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170331235327/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/21/education/21wikipedia.html Archived] from the original on March 31, 2017. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola ka ngwaga wa 2007, pego mo lekwalong la dikgang la [[:en:The_Harvard_Crimson|The Harvard Crimson]] e ne ya bega gore baporofesara bangwe kwa Mmadikolo ya Harvard ba ne ba akaretsa Wikipedia mo dithulaganyong tsa bone tsa thuto, mme go ne ga nna le kgaogano mo tseleng e ba neng ba leba go dirisa Wikipedia ka yone.[233] * Ka Phukwi 2013, patlisiso e kgolo e e dirilweng ke diyunibesiti di le nne tse dikgolo e ne ya supa diathikele tse di neng di ngangisanwa thata mo Wikipedia, mme ya fitlhela gore Iseraele, Adolf Hitler le Modimo di ne di ngangisanwa ka bogale go feta ditlhogo dipe tse dingwe.[234] ==== Ditlamorago tsa diathikele tsa bayokerafi ==== Ka gore mekwalo ya matshelo a batho tsa Wikipedia di nna di tokafadiwa gangwe le gape fa tshedimosetso e ntšhwa e nna teng, gantsi di dirisiwa e le motswedi wa tshedimosetso ka matshelo a [[:en:Category:Living_people|batho ba ba tumileng]]. Se se dirile gore go nne le maiteko a go fetola kgotsa go tsenya tshedimosetso ya maaka mo ditlhogong tsa Wikipedia ka maikaelelo a go ipapatša kgotsa go senya seriti sa motho (Bona [[:en:History_of_Wikipedia#Controversies|Karolo ya Dikganetsano]]). Gape se dirile gore go nne le ditsela tse disha tsa go dirisa tshedimosetso ya mokwalo wa matshelo a batho e e fitlhelwang mo go yone. * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa 2005, [[:en:Wikipedia_Seigenthaler_biography_incident|kganetsano ya ga Seigenthaler]] e ne ya nna teng fa motsietsi mongwe a ne a bolela mo Wikipedia gore mmegadikgang John Seigenthaler o ne a na le seabe mo [[:en:Kennedy_assassination|polaong ya ga Kennedy]] ka ngwaga 1963. * Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga 2006, rametlae wa Mojeremane e bong [[:en:Atze_Schröder|Atze Schröder]] o ne a sekisa Arne Klempert, mokwaledi wa [[:en:Wikimedia_Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]] ka gonne a ne a sa batle gore leina la gagwe la mmatota le gatisiwe mo Wikipedia. Moragonyana Schröder o ne a gogela ngongorego ya gagwe morago mme o ne a batla gore ditshenyegelo tsa mmueledi wa gagwe di duelwe ke Klempert. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya swetsa ka gore motaki o tshwanetse go duelela ditshenyegelo tseo ka boene. * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2007, raditiragalo wa Turkey [[:en:Taner_Akçam|Taner Akçam]] o ne a tshwarwa ka nakwana fa a goroga kwa [[:en:Montréal–Pierre_Elliott_Trudeau_International_Airport|Boemafofaneng jwa Boditšhabatšhaba jwa Montréal–Pierre Elliott Trudeau]] ka ntlha ya tshedimosetso ya maaka mo mokwalong wa botshelo jwa gagwe ya Wikipedia e e neng e bolela gore ke serukhutlhi.<ref>[http://news.independent.co.uk/fisk/article2469270.ece "Caught in the deadly web of the internet"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20071001000113/http://news.independent.co.uk/fisk/article2469270.ece Archived] 1 October 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Robert Fisk. [[:en:The_Independent|The Independent]]. 21 April 2007. Retrieved 24 July 2007.</ref><ref>Jay, Paul (June 22, 2007). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20070629051007/http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/tech/wikipedia2.html A question of authority]". [[:en:CBC_News|CBC News]]. Archived from [http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/tech/wikipedia2.html the original] on June 29, 2007. Retrieved July 24, 2007.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa 2008, radipolotiki wa [[:en:The_Left_(Germany)|Lekoko la Left]] la Jeremane e bong [[:en:Lutz_Heilmann|Lutz Heilmann]] o ne a bolela gore mafoko mangwe a a neng a a bua mo setlhogong sa gagwe sa Wikipedia a ne a senya leina la gagwe. O ne a atlega go bona taelo ya kgotlatshekelo ya go dira gore Wikimedia Deutschland e tlose lefelo le le botlhokwa la go batla. Se se ne sa dira gore batho mo lefatsheng lotlhe ba bontshe tshegetso e kgolo mo Wikipediang, ga nna le meneelo e mentsi e e neng ya newa Wikimedia Deutschland, mme palo ya batho ba ba neng ba etela tsebe ya ga Lutz Heilmann letsatsi le letsatsi ya tlhatloga go tswa go ba le mmalwa fela go ya go batho ba ka nna halofo ya milione. Moragonyana ga moo, Heilmann o ne a kopa kgotla gore e phimole taelo eo ya kgotla.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/oddlyEnoughNews/idUSTRE4AI7NB20081119?feedType=RSS&feedName=oddlyEnoughNews&rpc=69 "Lawmaker apologizes for blocking Wikipedia"]. ''Reuters''. November 19, 2008. Retrieved November 20, 2008.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2008, Wikimedia Nederland, kgaolo ya Dutch, e ne ya fenya taelo ya ntlha morago ga gore rakgwebo a golaganngwe mo pegong ya "gagwe" le sekebekwa [[:en:Willem_Holleeder|Willem Holleeder]] mme a batla gore pego eo e phimolwe. Moatlhodi kwa [[:en:Utrecht_(province)|Utrecht]] o ne a dumela polelo ya Wikimedia ya gore ga e na tlhotlheletso mo diteng tsa Wikipedia ya Sedatšhe.<ref>[[wmnl:Wikimedia_Nederland_wint_kort_geding_Sijthoff/en|"Wikimedia Nederland wint kort geding Sijthoff/en – Wikimedia"]]. ''nl.wikimedia.org'' (in Dutch). [https://web.archive.org/web/20230131143955/https://nl.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Nederland_wint_kort_geding_Sijthoff/en Archived] from the original on January 31, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2009, fa radipolotiki wa Mojeremane e bong [[:en:Karl-Theodor_zu_Guttenberg|Karl Theodor Maria Nikolaus Johann Jacob Philipp Franz Joseph Sylvester Buhl-Freiherr von zu Guttenberg]] a ne a nna tona ya puso ya bofederale ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 2009, modirisi yo o sa kwadisiwang o ne a oketsa ka setlhogo sa bolesome le bongwe sa Sejeremane ya ''Wilhelm'' se se filweng ka leina. Dipampiri tsa dikwalo di le dintsi di ne tsa e amogela. Fa batho ba Wikipedia ba ba kelotlhoko ba ne ba leka go tlosa ''Wilhelm'', go fetolwa go ne ga busediwa morago ga go nopolwa makwalo wa dikgang ao. Tsheko e ka go ikanyega ga Wikipedia le babegadikgang ba ba kopololang go tswa mo Wikipedia e ne ya bidiwa ''Falscher Wilhelm'' ("Wilhelm yo sele").<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20101204025315/http://wikimedia.de/fileadmin/wiki/Presse/Pressemitteilungen/pm_Medienkompetenz_1.pdf Wikimedia Deutschland press release"] (PDF). Archived from [http://wikimedia.de/fileadmin/wiki/Presse/Pressemitteilungen/pm_Medienkompetenz_1.pdf the original] (PDF) on December 4, 2010.; [http://futurezone.orf.at/stories/1502467/ ORF Futurezone] [https://web.archive.org/web/20090929010706/http://futurezone.orf.at/stories/1502467/ Archived] 29 September 2009 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Retrieved 27 May 2010.</ref> === Dikarolo tsa ntlha tsa ga Wales le Sanger === ''Bona gape: [[:en:Jimmy_Wales#Co-founder_status_dispute|Jimmy Wales § Kganetsano ya maemo a motlhami-mmogo]], le [[:en:Larry_Sanger#Status_as_Wikipedia_co-founder|Larry Sanger § Boemo jaaka motlhami-mmogo wa Wikipedia]]'' Wales, ga mmogo le ba bangwe, ba ne ba tla ka le go duelela kgopolo ya ensaetlopedia e e bulegileng, e e dirisanang mmogo e e neng e tla amogela meneelo go tswa mo bathong ba ba tlwaelegileng.<ref name=":4" /> Sanger o nnile le seabe se se botlhokwa mo go seo jaaka [[:en:Editor-in-chief|morulaganyi-mogolo]] wa Nupedia le modiri yo mogolo.<ref name=":33">Bergstein, Brian (March 25, 2007). [https://web.archive.org/web/20131005002629/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/17798723/ "Sanger says he co-started Wikipedia"]. NBC News. Associated Press. Archived from [http://www.nbcnews.com/id/17798723 the original] on October 5, 2013. Retrieved March 28, 2007. The nascent Web encyclopedia Citizendium springs from Larry Sanger, a philosophy PhD who counts himself as a co-founder of Wikipedia, the site he now hopes to usurp. The claim doesn't seem particularly controversial – Sanger has long been cited as a co-founder. Yet the other founder, Jimmy Wales, isn't happy about it..</ref> Mo molaetseng wa ga Sanger wa matseno wa lenaane la go romela Nupedia, o ne a bolela gore Jimmy Wales "o ne a ikgolaganya le nna mme a nkopa gore ke dire kopo ya go nna morulaganyi-mogolo wa Nupedia. [...] O ne a na le kgopolo ya Nupedia fa e sa le bobotlana ka letlhafula le le fetileng. O mpolelela gore, fa a akanya ka batho (bogolo jang boradifilosofi) ba ba neng ba ka kgona go laola porojeke eno ka lobaka lo loleele, o ne a tla nna yo o itekanetseng mo tirong eno eleruri ke tiro ya me ya ditoro".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20030710141440/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2000-April/000143.html nupedia-l Introduction"]. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2000-April/000143.html the original] on July 10, 2003. Retrieved November 19, 2013.</ref> Sanger o tshitshintse go dirisa wiki go tlamela ka porojeke e e tlaleletsang ya batho ba ba "tshositsweng le go borega" ke dithulaganyo tse di raraaneng tsa Nupedia,<ref name=":31" /> mme a tlhama leina la "Wikipedia" jaaka leina la porojeke.<ref>Terdiman, Daniel (December 21, 2005). [https://www.cnet.com/news/wikipedia-founder-modifies-his-bio/#! "Wikipedia founder modifies his bio".] [[:en:CNET|CNET]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140327233948/http://www.cnet.com/news/wikipedia-founder-modifies-his-bio/#! Archived] from the original on March 27, 2014.</ref><ref name=":33" /> Se se ne sa bonwa ka bophara jaaka tsela ya go thibolola setšhaba se se golang sa Ba-Nupedia ba ba neng ba fitlhela go le thata go ntsha seabe.<ref name=":33" />Sanger o ne a tswelela go dira mo Nupedia fa a ntse a thusa mo Wikipedia (go akaretsa le go kwala dipholisi tse di jaaka "Itlhokomolose melao yotlhe"<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20010416035716/http://www.wikipedia.com/wiki/RulesToConsider "Rules To Consider]". Ignore all rules. [[:en:Internet_Archive|Internet Archive]]. Archived from [https://www.wikipedia.com/wiki/RulesToConsider the original] on April 16, 2001. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref> le "Pono e e sa tseyeng letlhakore"<ref name=":32" />) mme a dira le moeteledipele wa go fitlhelela batho go aga setšhaba sa barulaganyi ba Nupedia le Wikipedia.<ref name=":33" /> Fa a tsamaya ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2002, Sanger o ne a gatelela gore kgang e kgolo e ne e le fela go emisiwa ga go newa madi a seabe sa gagwe, se se neng se sa kgonege ka nako e e rileng,<ref name=":30" /> mme a rotloetsa ba bangwe go tswelela go tsenya letsogo mo Wikipedia fa a ntse a ela tlhoko gore Nupedia e ne e ka se kgone go tshela kwantle ga morulaganyi-mogolo wa nako e e tletseng]<ref name=":30" />. Moragonyana mo ngwageng oo o ne a emisa go tsenya letsogo mo lenaneong lepe la tsone, mme ka ngwaga wa 2004 o ne a setse a tshwaya Wikipedia diphoso phatlalatsa. Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2004 o ne a kwala tlhamo a nganga gore Wikipedia e ne e na le bothata jwa go nna kgatlhanong le batho ba maemo.<ref name=":34">[https://features.slashdot.org/story/05/04/18/164213/the-early-history-of-nupedia-and-wikipedia-a-memoir "The Early History of Nupedia and Wikipedia: A Memoir – Slashdot"]. features.slashdot.org. April 18, 2005. Retrieved August 21, 2023.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2005 o ne a gatisa buka ya dikgopolo tsa botshelo ya dikarolo tse pedi ya tiro ya gagwe ka ga Nupedia le Wikipedia, a tlhagisa seabe sa gagwe mo go di tlhameng le tumelo e e tswelelang ya gore Nupedia e tshwanelwa ke go bolokwa.<ref name=":34" /> Moragonyana mo ngwageng oo Wales e ne ya simolola go kgarameletsa morago go tlhalosa ga ga Sanger seabe sa gagwe mo lenaneong.<ref name=":35">Mitchell, Dan (December 24, 2005). "[https://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/24/technology/24online.ready.html?ex=1293080400&en=431aff478b00239e&ei=5090&partner=rssuserland&emc=rss Insider Editing at Wikipedia]". [[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20071013084516/http://nytimes.com/2005/12/24/technology/24online.ready.html?ex=1293080400&en=431aff478b00239e&ei=5090&partner=rssuserland&emc=rss Archived] from the original on October 13, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref><ref>Hansen, Evan (December 19, 2005). [https://web.archive.org/web/20061230053039/http://www.wired.com/news/culture/0%2C1284%2C69880%2C00.html "Wikipedia Founder Edits Own Bio"]. [[:en:Wired_(magazine)|Wired]]. [[:en:Wired_News|Wired News]]. Archived from [https://www.wired.com/news/culture/0,1284,69880,00.html the original] on December 30, 2006. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref><ref>Finkelstein, Seth (February 12, 2009). [https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2009/feb/12/wiki-answers-wikia "What's in a name? Everything, when you're talking wiki value".] [[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131002212052/http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2009/feb/12/wiki-answers-wikia Archived] from the original on October 2, 2013. Retrieved February 12, 2009.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa 2006, morago ga go thankgololwa ga Citizendium, Sanger o ne a kgala Wikipedia thata, a e tlhalosa e le "e e thubegileng e e ka se kang ya baakanngwa."<ref>Thomson, Iain (April 13, 2007). [https://web.archive.org/web/20070426034156/http://www.iwr.co.uk/information-world-review/news/2187709/wikipedia-broken-beyond-repair "Wikipedia 'broken beyond repair' says co-founder"]. [[:en:Information_World_Review|Information World Review]]. Archived from [http://www.iwr.co.uk/information-world-review/news/2187709/wikipedia-broken-beyond-repair the original] on April 26, 2007. Retrieved April 15, 2007.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2005, Wales o ne a itlhalosa fela jaaka mothei wa Wikipedia;<ref name=":35" /> le fa go ntse jalo, go ya ka Brian Bergstein wa [[:en:Associated_Press|Associated Press]], "Sanger ga a bolo go umakiwa jaaka mothei-mmogo."<ref name=":33" /> Sanger le Wales ba ne ba umakiwa jaaka mothei-mmogo mo dipegelong tse di farologaneng tsa dipotsolotso go tswa mo dipegelong tse dišwa tsa bobegadikgang le, ka ngwaga 2001<ref name=":36">Peter Meyers (September 20, 2001). [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9800E5D6123BF933A1575AC0A9679C8B63&n=Top%2fReference%2fTimes%20Topics%2fSubjects%2fC%2fComputer%20Software "Fact-Driven? Collegial? This Site Wants You"]. The New York Times. [https://web.archive.org/web/20071226154410/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9800E5D6123BF933A1575AC0A9679C8B63&n=Top%2FReference%2FTimes%20Topics%2FSubjects%2FC%2FComputer%20Software Archived] from the original on December 26, 2007. Retrieved April 18, 2007. It's kind of surprising that you could just open up a site and let people work," said Jimmy Wales, Wikipedia's co-founder and the chief executive of Bomis, a San Diego search engine company that donates the computer resources for the project. "There's kind of this real social pressure to not argue about things." Instead, he said, "there's a general consensus among all of the really busy volunteers about what an encyclopedia article needs to be like.</ref> le ngwaga wa 2002.<ref>Wales, Jimmy (August 6, 2002). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20090408184006/http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/xodp/message/1720 3apes open content web directory]". [[:en:Yahoo!|Yahoo! Tech Groups forum post.]] [[:en:WebCite|WebCite]]. Archived from [http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/xodp/message/1720 the original] on April 8, 2009. Retrieved April 3, 2009. I'm Jimmy Wales, co-founder of Nupedia and Wikipedia, the open content encyclopedias.</ref> Pele ga kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga 2004, Wales e ne e sa ganetse maemo a ga Sanger jaaka motlhami-mmogo.<ref>Bishop, Todd (January 26, 2004). [https://www.seattlepi.com/business/article/Microsoft-Notebook-Wiki-pioneer-planted-the-seed-1135376.php "Microsoft Notebook: Wiki pioneer planted the seed and watched..."] Seattle Post-Intelligencer. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200225123302/https://www.seattlepi.com/business/article/Microsoft-Notebook-Wiki-pioneer-planted-the-seed-1135376.php Archived] from the original on February 25, 2020. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, Wales o ne a re, "O ne a tle a ntirele [...] Ga ke dumalane le go mmitsa motlhami-mmogo, mme o rata sereto".<ref>James Niccolai, [http://www.pcadvisor.co.uk/news/index.cfm?newsid=7177 "Wikipedia taking on the vandals in Germany]" [https://web.archive.org/web/20071022165415/http://pcadvisor.co.uk/news/index.cfm?newsid=7177 Archived] 22 October 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. [[:en:PC_Advisor|PC Advisor]]. 26 September 2006.</ref> Go simolola ka 2006, fa Sanger a ne a kwala le go botsolodiwa thata ka ga go simololwa ga Citizendium, o ne a gatelela maemo a gagwe jaaka motlhami-mmogo, le metswedi eno ya pele e e neng e mo tlhalosa jalo.<ref name=":33" /><ref name=":36" /><ref>Heim, Judy (September 4, 2001). "[http://www.technologyreview.com/Infotech/12586/ Free the Encyclopedias!"]. ''[[:en:Technology_Review|Technology Review]]''. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref><ref>Sanger, Larry. "[http://www.larrysanger.org/roleinwp.html My role in Wikipedia (links)]". ''larrysanger.org''. Larry Sanger. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070312163901/http://www.larrysanger.org/roleinwp.html Archived] from the original on March 12, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref> === Dikganetsano === ''Dipego tse dikgolo: [[:en:Criticism_of_Wikipedia|Go Kganetsa Wikipedia,]] [[:en:Litigation_involving_the_Wikimedia_Foundation|Ditsheko tse di amang Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia,]] le [[:en:Reliability_of_Wikipedia|Go Ikanyega ga Wikipedia]]'' * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa 2005, [[:en:Wikipedia_Seigenthaler_biography_incident|kganetsano ya ga Seigenthaler]] e ne ya dira gore Brian Chase a tlogele tiro ya gagwe, morago ga gore Daniel Brandt wa [[:en:Wikipedia_Watch|Wikipedia Watch]] a senole gore ke ene yo o neng a dira diphetogo tseo. Morago ga tiragalo eo, lokwalo la dikgang lwa saense lwa [[:en:Nature_(journal)|Nature]] lo ne lwa dira patlisiso e e [[:en:Peer_review|sekasekilweng ke baitseanape]] go bapisa dipego tsa Wikipedia le tse di tshwanang le tsone mo [[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica|''Encyclopædia Britannica'']]. mme e ne ya fitlhelela gore tsotlhe tseo di ne di lekana ka nepagalo ya tshedimosetso.<ref>Giles, Jim (2005). [[doi:10.1038/438900a|"Internet encyclopaedias go head to head"]]. Nature. 438 (7070): 900–901. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005Natur.438..900G 2005Natur.438..900G.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1038/438900a|10.1038/438900a]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0028-0836 0028-0836]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16355180 16355180]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:4417563 4417563].</ref> <ref>"[http://www.nature.com/news/2005/051212/multimedia/438900a_m1.html The (Nature) peer review"]. Nature. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100410155113/http://www.nature.com/news/2005/051212/multimedia/438900a_m1.html Archived] from the original on April 10, 2010. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref>''Britannica'' e ne ya ganetsa mokgwa o patlisiso eo e neng ya dirwa ka one le diphitlhelelo tsa yone.<ref>Britannica: [http://corporate.britannica.com/britannica_nature_response.pdf Fatally Flawed. Refuting the recent study on encyclopedic accuracy by the journal Nature] [https://web.archive.org/web/20160709053629/http://corporate.britannica.com/britannica_nature_response.pdf Archived] 9 July 2016 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]</ref> Nature yone ga e a ka ya kopa maitshwarelo; go na le moo, e ne ya ema ka natla mo boikanyegong jwa patlisiso ya yone mme ya gana tsotlhe tsa diphoso tse di neng tsa supiwa.<ref>[https://www.nature.com/nature/britannica/index.html "Nature's responses to Encyclopaedia Britannica"]. Nature. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170515025717/https://www.nature.com/nature/britannica/index.html Archived] from the original on May 15, 2017. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Mo tshimologong go ya bogareng jwa ngwaga wa 2006, [[:en:Congressional_staffer_edits_to_Wikipedia|dikganetsano tse di amanang le baithusi ba maloko a Congress ka ga]] [[:en:Congressional_staffer_edits_to_Wikipedia|mekwalo ya matshelo a motho]] tsa Wikipedia di ne tsa tsenngwa mo pepeneneng. Go ne ga lemogiwa gore baithusi ba dipolotiki ba ne ba leka go tlhotlheletsa mekwalo ya matshelo a motho tsa boradipolotiki ba le mmalwa mo Wikipediang. Ba ne ba tlosa tshedimosetso e ba neng ba sa e rate (go akaretsa dipolelo tse di nyatsang le ditshepiso tsa letsholo la ditlhopho tse di neng di sa diragadiwa), ba tsenya tshedimosetso e e ba tlhagisang ka tsela e e siameng kgotsa dipolelo tsa go ba tlotla thata, kgotsa ba emisetsa karolo nngwe kgotsa setlhogo sotlhe ka mekwalo ya botshelo jwa motho e e kwadilweng ke badiri ba bona. Badiri ba boradipolotiki ba le batlhano bonnye ba ne ba amanngwa le ditiragalo tseno: [[:en:Marty_Meehan|Marty Meehan]], [[:en:Norm_Coleman|Norm Coleman]], [[:en:Conrad_Burns|Conrad Burns]], [[:en:Joe_Biden|Joe Biden]] le [[:en:Gil_Gutknecht|Gil Gutknecht]]. Ditiro tse di neng tsa kwalwa tsotlhe e ne e le tse di latelang.<ref name=":27" /> {| class="wikitable" |+ !Mopolotiki !Phetogo e dirilweng !Motswedi |- |[[:en:Joe_Biden|Joe Biden]], Senator wa Delaware |Go tlosiwa ga tshedimosetso e e neng e sa mo tsenye mo seemong se se siameng. |<ref name=":27">Nate Anderson (January 31, 2006). [https://arstechnica.com/news.ars/post/20060130-6079.html "Congressional staffers edit boss's bio on Wikipedia"]. arstechnica. [https://web.archive.org/web/20081012062850/http://arstechnica.com/news.ars/post/20060130-6079.html Archived] from the original on October 12, 2008. Retrieved June 9, 2014.</ref><ref name=":28">Noguchi, Yuki (February 9, 2006). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/02/08/AR2006020802212.html "Wikipedia's Help From the Hill"]. www.washingtonpost.com. Washington Post. Retrieved February 18, 2026.</ref> |- |[[:en:Conrad_Burns|Conrad Burns]], senator wa Montana |Go tlosiwa ga dipolelo tse di neng di mo nyatsa, mme ga tsenngwa dipolelo tse di mo tlotlang e le “lentswe la molemi.” |<ref name=":28" /><ref>Williams, Walt (November 6, 2025) [February 8, 2006]. [https://www.bozemandailychronicle.com/news/burns-office-may-have-tampered-with-wikipedia-entry/article_2b39cf61-340f-5f5b-9933-3e09f3e2de84.html "Burns' office may have tampered with Wikipedia entry]". [[:en:Bozeman_Daily_Chronicle|Bozeman Daily Chronicle]]. Retrieved February 13, 2007.</ref> |- |[[:en:Norm_Coleman|Norm Coleman]], Senator wa Minnesota |Go kwalwa sešwa ga setlhogo gore se mo tlhagise ka tsela e e siameng, go akaretsa go fetolwa ga lefoko “liberal” ka “activist.” |<ref name=":27" /><ref name=":28" /><ref name=":29">Davis, Matthew (February 9, 2006). [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/4695376.stm "Congress 'made Wikipedia changes'"]. news.bbc.co.uk. BBC News. Retrieved February 18, 2026.</ref> |- |[[:en:Gil_Gutknecht|Gil Gutknecht,]] Puthego ya Minnesota |Badiri ba gagwe ba ne ba kwala setlhogo sešwa mme ba tlosa tshedimosetso ka ga tsotlhe ya letsholo la gagwe la ditlhopho e a neng a sa e diragatse, Go dirwa maiteko a le mmalwa la ntlha ka akhaonto e e nang le leina, mme morago ka aterese ya IP e e sa itsiweng. |Mmueledi wa ga Gutknecht ga a ka a ganetsa gore ofisi ya gagwe e ne ya baakanya setlhogo seo, mme o ne a belaela gore tshedimosetso ya Wikipedia e ka ikanngwa.<ref>Diaz, Kevin (August 16, 2006). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20060821074302/http://www.startribune.com/587/story/618899.html Gutknecht joins Wikipedia tweakers".] Minneapolis-St. Paul Star Tribune. Archived from [http://www.startribune.com/587/story/618899.html the original] on August 21, 2006.</ref> |- |[[:en:Marty_Meehan|Marty Meehan]], Phutego ya Massachusetts |Go emisetswa ga setlhogo ka baekerafi e e kwadilweng ke badiri ba gagwe, go akaretsa go tlosiwa ga tshedimosetso ka ga tsotlhe ya letsholo la gagwe la ditlhopho e a neng a sa e diragatse. |<ref name=":27" /><ref name=":29" /> |} * Mo tiragalong e e farologaneng mme e e tshwanang, motsamaisi wa letsholo la ga [[:en:Cathy_Cox_(American_politician)|Cathy Cox]] la go nna [[:en:Governor_of_Georgia|mmusi wa Georgia]], Morton Brilliant, o ne a rola tiro morago ga go fitlhelwa a okeditse tshedimosetso e e sa siamang mo dikwalong tsa Wikipedia tsa baganetsi ba sepolotiki.<ref>Information included the mention of an opponent's son's arrest in a fatal drunk driving crash and allegations of questionable business practices of another opponent. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110524041212/http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2002958137_campaign28m.html "Online postings changed; ex-Gregoire aide resigns"]. The Seattle Times. April 28, 2006. Archived from [http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2002958137_campaign28m.html the original] on May 24, 2011. Retrieved July 27, 2013.</ref> Morago ga go phatlaladiwa mo metsweding ya dikgang, ditiragalo tse di ne tsa fokotsega ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2006. * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2006, Joshua Gardner o ne a senolwa jaaka Kgosi ya maaka ya Cleveland e e nang le tsebe ya Wikipedia.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/GMA/LegalCenter/story?id=1501916 "Student Reporters Expose 'Royal' Sex Offender]". ABC News. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230325084727/https://abcnews.go.com/GMA/LegalCenter/story?id=1501916 Archived] from the original on March 25, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2007, ba-Wikipedia ba puo ya Seesemane kwa [[:en:Qatar|Qatar]] ba ne ba thibelwa ka nakwana go fetola, morago ga go senya dilo ka bontsi, ke motsamaisi yo o neng a sa lemoge gore pharakano ya maranyane a lefatshe le e tsamaisiwa ka tsedimosetso e e bontshang lefelo la motho e le nngwe ya IP. Metswedi e mentsi ya bobegakgang e ne ya bolela ka bonako gore Wikipedia e ne e thibela Qatar go tsena mo lefelong leno.<ref>"[http://www.informationweek.com/story/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=196800476 Wikipedia Founder Refutes Claims That It Banned Qatar]" [https://web.archive.org/web/20071022202210/http://informationweek.com/story/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=196800476 Archived] 22 October 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Thomas Claburn. [[:en:InformationWeek|''InformationWeek'']]. 2 January 2007.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola masome a mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2007, modiri mongwe wa [[:en:Microsoft|Microsoft]] o ne a ithaopela go duela [[:en:Rick_Jelliffe|Rick Jelliffe]] go sekaseka le go fetola dipego dingwe tsa Wikipedia malebana le mofuta wa tokomane ya motswedi o o bulegileng o o neng o gaisana le fomete ya Microsoft.<ref>Bergstein, Brian (January 23, 2007). [https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna16775981 "Microsoft offers cash for Wikipedia edit"]. [[:en:NBC_News|NBC News]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131205062212/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/16775981 Archived] from the original on December 5, 2013. Retrieved February 1, 2007.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2007, lekwalo la dikgang wa [[:en:The_New_Yorker|The New Yorker]] o ne wa ntsha paakanyo e e sa tlwaelegang ya gore morulaganyi yo o tlhageletseng wa [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] le motsamaisi yo o bidiwang "Essjay", o ne a tlhamile motho a dirisa dintlha tsa boitshupo tse di itlhametsweng.<ref>[[:en:Stacy_Schiff|Schiff, Stacy]] (July 24, 2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20060813110914/http://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/060731fa_fact "Annals of Information: Know It All: Can Wikipedia conquer expertise?]". [[:en:The_New_Yorker|The New Yorker]]. Archived from [https://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/060731fa_fact the original] on August 13, 2006. Retrieved April 16, 2007.</ref><ref>Finkelstein, Seth (March 8, 2007). "[https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2007/mar/08/media.comment Read me first]". The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070329052204/http://technology.guardian.co.uk/weekly/story/0,,2028328,00.html Archived] from the original on March 29, 2007. Retrieved April 16, 2007.</ref>Motseleganyi, [[:en:Essjay_controversy|Ryan Jordan]], o ne a nna modiri wa Wikia ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2007 mme a senola leina la gagwe la mmantota; se se ne sa lemogwa ke Daniel Brandt wa Wikipedia Watch, mme a itsisiwe mokwadi wa setlhogo sa ntlha ([[:en:Essjay_controversy|kganetsano ya ga Essjay]]). * Gape ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2007, Barbara Bauer, moemedi wa dikwalo, o ne a sekisa Wikimedia ka ntlha ya go senya leina le go baka kotsi mo kgwebong ya gagwe, e leng Setheo sa Dikwalo sa Barbara Bauer.<ref>[https://www.eff.org/cases/bauer-v-glatzer "Bauer v. Wikimedia et al. | Electronic Frontier Foundation".] Eff.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100412233037/https://www.eff.org/cases/bauer-v-glatzer Archived] from the original on April 12, 2010. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref>Mo tshekong ya ga ''Bauer'' kgatlhanong le ''Glatzer'', Bauer o ne a bolela gore tshedimosetso e e mo Wikipedia e e neng e tshwaya bokgoni jwa gagwe jaaka moemedi wa dikwalo diphoso ke yone e e bakileng kotsi eno. [[:en:Electronic_Frontier_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Molelwane wa Eleketeroniki]] o ne wa sireletsa Wikipedia<ref>[https://www.eff.org/press/archives/2008/05/02 "EFF and Sheppard Mullin Defend Wikipedia in Defamation Case | Electronic Frontier Foundation".] Eff.org. May 2, 2008. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100407223854/http://www.eff.org/press/archives/2008/05/02 Archived] from the original on April 7, 2010. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> mme wa fuduga go kgaola tsheko ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 2008.<ref>[https://www.eff.org/files/filenode/wikimedia/motiontoquashmemo-wikimedia.pdf Motion to quash case (PDF)] [https://web.archive.org/web/20161020140651/https://www.eff.org/files/filenode/wikimedia/motiontoquashmemo-wikimedia.pdf Archived] 20 October 2016 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. EFF.org. 1 May 2008. Retrieved 19 October 2012.</ref> Tsheko kgatlhanong le Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia e ne ya kgaolwa ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola letsatsi le le lengwe ka ngwaga wa 2008.<ref>[https://www.eff.org/cases/bauer-v-glatzer "Bauer v. Wikimedia et al. | Electronic Frontier Foundation"]. Eff.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100713053150/http://www.citmedialaw.org/threats/bauer-v-wikimedia Archived] from the original on April 12, 2010. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo ka ngwaga wa 2007, modirisi mongwe yo o sa itsiweng o ne a [[:en:Chris_Benoit_double-murder_and_suicide#Wikipedia_controversy|tsenya tshedimosetso ya maaka]] e, ka tshoganyetso fela, e neng e tshwantshetsa [[:en:Chris_Benoit_double-murder_and_suicide|polao-go ipolaya ga ga Chris Benoit]], dioura di le mmalwa pele ga ditopo di bonwa ke babatlisisi. Go ribololwa ga tseleganyo go ne ga ngoka tlhokomelo e e anameng ya bobegakgang mme go ne ga begwa la ntlha mo saeteng ya kgaitsadi ya [[wikinews:Death of Nancy Benoit rumour posted on Wikipedia hours prior to the body being found|Wikinews]]. * Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2007, mo dipegelong tsa bone tsa loso lwa motlhami wa setlhogo sa sesupaditshwantso yo o sa tswang go tlhokafala [[:en:Ronnie_Hazlehurst|Ronnie Hazlehurst]], mekgatlho e le mentsi ya bobegakgang ya Borithane e ne ya bega gore o ne a kwala mmogo le ene pina ya [[:en:S_Club_7|S Club 7]] ya "[[:en:Reach_(S_Club_7_song)|Reach]]". Tota e bile, o ne a sa dira jalo, mme go ne ga lemogiwa gore tshedimosetso eo e ne e tserwe mo tseleganyong ya tsietso ya setlhogo sa ga Hazlehurst sa Wikipedia.<ref>Orlowski, Andrew. "[https://www.theregister.com/2007/10/03/wikipedia_obituary_cut_and_paste/ Braindead obituarists hoaxed by Wikipedia"]. The Register. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055525/https://www.theregister.com/2007/10/03/wikipedia_obituary_cut_and_paste/ Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2009, Lefelo la Bosetšhaba la Ditshwantsho le ne la ntsha lekwalo la go emisa le go tlogela tiro ka ntlha ya go tlola tshwanelo ya go kwala, kgatlhanong le morulaganyi wa Wikipedia yo o neng a laisolola ditshwantsho tse di fetang dikete tse tharo tsa setshwantso sa boleng jo bo ko godimo go tswa mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ya Mokgatlho wa NPG, mme a di baya mo [[:en:Wikimedia_Commons|Wikimedia Commons]] [[:en:National_Portrait_Gallery_and_Wikimedia_Foundation_copyright_disputehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Portrait_Gallery_and_Wikimedia_Foundation_copyright_dispute|(National Portrait Gallery and Wikimedia Foundation copyright dispute]])<ref>Kennedy, Maev (July 14, 2009). "[https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2009/jul/14/national-portrait-gallery-wikipedia-row Legal row over National Portrait Gallery images placed on Wikipedia".] The Guardian. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077 0261-3077]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170213165734/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2009/jul/14/national-portrait-gallery-wikipedia-row Archived] from the original on February 13, 2017. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100116135932/http://www.bjp-online.com/public/showPage.html?page=865802 "National Portrait Gallery receives support from BAPLA in its legal fight against Wikipedia]". Bjp-online.com. Archived from [http://www.bjp-online.com/public/showPage.html?page=865802 the original] on January 16, 2010. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref><ref>[https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/arts_and_culture/8151989.stm "Gallery in Wikipedia legal threat"]. July 15, 2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090719231100/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/arts_and_culture/8151989.stm Archived] from the original on July 19, 2009. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>[http://www.metro.co.uk/news/article.html?National_Portrait_Gallery_sues_Wikipedia&in_article_id=702647&in_page_id=34 "National Portrait Gallery sues Wikipedia]". Metro. UK. July 14, 2009. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref><ref>[https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/8156268.stm "Wikipedia painting row escalates]". July 17, 2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090723012706/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/8156268.stm Archived] from the original on July 23, 2009. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Moranang le kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 2010, go ne ga nna le kganetsano ka ga go amogela le go bontshiwa ga ditshwantsho tsa thobalano le ditshwantsho tse di fatlhang go akaretsa le ditshwantsho tsa bana mo Wikipedia.<ref>Schofield, Jack (May 12, 2010)[https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2010/may/10/ipad-apple . "Wikipedia's porn purge, and cleaning up for the iPad"]. The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131104202826/http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2010/may/10/ipad-apple Archived] from the original on November 4, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2010.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20101023073605/http://www.foxnews.com/scitech/2010/05/07/wikipedia-purges-porn/ "EXCLUSIVE: Wikipedia's Parent Company Starts Purging Porn From Its Websites"]. [[:en:Fox_News|Fox News]]. May 7, 2010. Archived from [http://www.foxnews.com/scitech/2010/05/07/wikipedia-purges-porn/ the original] on October 23, 2010. Retrieved October 24, 2010.</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10104946 "Wikimedia pornography row deepens as Wales cedes rights"]. BBC. May 10, 2010. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100618192131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/10104946.stm Archived] from the original on June 18, 2010. Retrieved October 24, 2010.</ref> E ne ya dira gore diteng tsa ditshwantsho tse di fatlhang di tlosiwe ka bontsi mo mafelong a Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia.<ref>"[http://www.mail-archive.com/foundation-l@lists.wikimedia.org/msg10574.html Jimmy Wales – Where things stand now".] May 8, 2010. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121010080055/http://www.mail-archive.com/foundation-l@lists.wikimedia.org/msg10574.html Archived] from the original on October 10, 2012. Retrieved November 28, 2010.</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10104946 "Wikimedia pornography row deepens as Wales cedes rights".] BBC. May 10, 2010. [https://web.archive.org/web/20101130150909/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10104946 Archived] from the original on November 30, 2010. Retrieved November 28, 2010.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa 2012, [[:en:Lord_Justice_Leveson|Lord Justice Leveson]] o ne a kwala jaana mo pegelong ya gagwe ka ga maemo a bobegadikgang jwa Borithane, "''The Independent'' e ne ya tlhongwa ka ngwaga wa 1986 ke babegadikgang e bong Andreas Whittam Smith, Stephen Glover le Brett Straub..." O ne a dirisitse setlhogo sa Wikipedia sa lekwalo la dikgang la [[:en:The_Independent|''The Independent'']] jaaka motswedi wa gagwe, mme tiro ya go senya le Brett Straub (moanelwa yo o sa itsiweng). <ref>McSmith, Andy (November 30, 2012). [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/press/levesons-wikipedia-moment-how-internet-research-on-the-independents-history-left-him-redfaced-8372446.html "Leveson's Wikipedia moment: how internet 'research' on The Independent's history left him red-faced"]. The Independent. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121204151536/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/press/levesons-wikipedia-moment-how-internet-research-on-the-independents-history-left-him-redfaced-8372446.html Archived] from the original on December 4, 2012. Retrieved December 8, 2012.</ref>''The Economist'' e ne ya bua jaana ka [[:en:Leveson_report|pegelo ya ga Leveson]], "Dikarolo tsa yone ke tiro ya sekere le go kgomaretsa e e tserweng mo Wikipedia."<ref>[https://www.economist.com/news/leaders/21567944-somewhat-mediocre-report-could-yet-lead-better-press-rules-britain-hacked-pieces "The Leveson Inquiry: Hacked to pieces]". The Economist. December 8, 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121227113012/http://www.economist.com/news/leaders/21567944-somewhat-mediocre-report-could-yet-lead-better-press-rules-britain-hacked-pieces Archived] from the original on December 27, 2012. Retrieved December 26, 2012.</ref> * Mo bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2013, batshwaedi ba ne ba abelana phatlalatsa ka ditshwaelo tsa go tlhagelela gape ga ditshwantsho tse dintsi tse di hepisang tse di phimotsweng mo Wikipedia fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref>Gray, Lila (September 17, 2013). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20131021064635/http://newswire.xbiz.com/view.php?id=169017 Wikipedia Gives Porn a Break"]. XBIZ.com. Archived from [http://newswire.xbiz.com/view.php?id=169017 the original] on October 21, 2013. Retrieved October 20, 2013.</ref> === Diphetogo tse di itsegeng le mananeo a a tswang mo go tsone === Go na le palo e kgolo ya dikaelo tsa [[:en:Wikipedia:Mirrors_and_forks|seipone tsa Wikipedia le diphetogo tse di itlhaotseng]]. Mafelo a mangwe mo maranyaneng le one a dirisa lenaneo le le laolang sesupaditlhaka sa MediaWiki le kgopolo ya yone, e e neng ya itsege thata ka ntlha ya Wikipedia. Ga go na lenaane le le tlhokometsweng la mafelo ano. Diphetogo tse di itlhophileng tsa dipuo tsa kwa ntle tse di dirisang kgopolo ya Wikipedia di akaretsa [[:en:Enciclopedia_Libre_Universal_en_Español|Enciclopedia Libre]] (ka puo ya Spanish), ''Wikiweise'' (ka puo ya Sejeremane), ''WikiZnanie'' (ka puo ya Serussia), [[:en:Susning.nu|Susning.nu]] (puo ya Seswedishe), le Baidu Baike (puo ya China). Mangwe a mafelo ano (jaaka ''Enciclopedia Libre)'' a dirisa ditetla tsa [[:en:GFDL|GFDL]] kgotsa tse di tsamaisanang le tsone tse di dirisiwang ke Wikipedia, mme seno se dira gore go nne le go ananya diteng le Wikipediang ya puo ya bone. Ka ngwaga wa 2006, Sanger o ne a tlhama [[:en:Citizendium|Citizendium]], e e neng e ikaegile ka mofuta o o fetotsweng wa [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]]. Lefelo la tshedimosetso leo le ne la re le ikaelela “go tokafatsa mokgwa wa Wikipedia ka go nna le tlhokomelo e e bonolo ya baitseanape, gareng ga dilo tse dingwe.” Ka ngwaga wa 2006 gape, motlhotlheletsi wa sepolotiki wa maikutlo a a tlhomameng le mmueledi [[:en:Andrew_Schlafly|Andrew Schlafly]] o ne a tlhama [[:en:Conservapedia|Conservapedia]], e e neng e ikaegile ka MediaWiki. === Phasalatso mo metsweding e mengwe === [[:en:German_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejeremane]] e ne e le ya ntlha go gatisiwa ka bontlhabongwe gape go dirisiwa metswedi e mengwe ya dikgang (go na le mo maranyaneng), go akaretsa le go gololwa mo CD ka Ngwanaitseele 2004[291] le mefuta e e atolositsweng mo sedirisiweng sa polokelo sa CDkgotsa DVD ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2005 le kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2006. Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2005 mogatisi wa Zenodot mbH, e leng kompone e e amanang le Directmedia,e gatisitse buka ya ditsebe di le lekgolo le masome a mararo le borobabongwe e e tlhalosang Wikipedia, ditso tsa yone le melawana ya yone, e e neng e patilwe ke sedirisiwa sa polokelo sa DVD ya bogolo jwa B jwa bosupa ntlha ya sephatlho e e nang le dipego di le dikete tse makgolo a a mararo le ditshwantsho di le dikete di le lekgolo go tswa mo Wikipedia ya Sejeremane.<ref>[http://www.heise.de/newsticker/result.xhtml?url=/newsticker/meldung/67137&words=Wikipedia%20DVD "Neue Wikipedia-DVD im Handel und zum Download"] (in German). [https://web.archive.org/web/20070605174842/http://www.heise.de/newsticker/result.xhtml?url=%2Fnewsticker%2Fmeldung%2F67137&words=Wikipedia%20DVD Archived] from the original on June 5, 2007. Retrieved April 25, 2007.</ref> Kwa tshimologong, Directmedia le yone e ne ya itsise ka maano a go gatisa Wikipedia ya Sejeremane ka botlalo, ka bogolo jwa volume di le lekgolo tsa ditsebe di le makgolo a le borobabobedi tsebe nngwe le nngwe. Kgatiso e ne e tshwanetse go simolola ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2006, mme e fele ka ngwaga wa 2010. Le fa go ntse jalo, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2006, lenaneo leo le ne la emisiwa.<ref>"[http://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/71231 Wikipedia wird noch nicht gedruckt]" (in German). March 24, 2006. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070416131622/http://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/71231 Archived] from the original on April 16, 2007. Retrieved April 25, 2007.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga w 2008, [[:en:Bertelsmann|Bertelsmann]] o ne a gatisa bolumo ya ditsebe di le sekete e e nang le dipego tse di tlhophilweng tse di tumileng tsa Wikipedia ya Sejeremane. Bertelsmann o ne a duela ka go ithaopa Yuro e le nngwe ka kopololo nngwe le nngwe e e rekisitsweng kwa [[:en:Wikimedia_Deutschland|Wikimedia]] [[:en:Wikimedia_Deutschland|ya Deutschland]].<ref>online, heise (March 24, 2006). "[https://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/Wikipedia-wird-noch-nicht-gedruckt-112468.html Wikipedia wird noch nicht gedruckt"]. heise online (in German). [https://web.archive.org/web/20181118200418/https://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/Wikipedia-wird-noch-nicht-gedruckt-112468.html Archived] from the original on November 18, 2018. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Porojeke ya lenaneo la ditaelo tsa sesupaditshwantso mahala le yone e simolotswe go dira gore mofuta o o sa fetogeng wa [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] o nne teng gore o dirisiwe mo [[:en:IPod|di-iPod]]. Lenaneo la “Encyclopodia” e ne ya simololwa mo e ka nnang ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga 2006 mme jaanong e ka dirisiwa mo di-iPod tsa kokomana ya ntlha go fitlha ya bonè.<ref>[https://encyclopodia.sourceforge.net/en/index.html "Encyclopodia – the encyclopedia on your iPod]". [[:en:SourceForge|SourceForge]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070427070452/http://encyclopodia.sourceforge.net/en/index.html Archived] from the original on April 27, 2007. Retrieved April 25, 2007.</ref> ==== Dikgololo tsa difaele tsa CD/DVD/Kiwix ZIM tsa Wikipedia ==== {| class="wikitable" |+ !Kgatiso !Ngwaga !Tlhaloso !Kgolagano ya go laola faele ya [[:en:ZIM_(file_format)|ZIM]] |- |Tlhopo ya CD ya Wikipedia ya ngwaga wa 2006 |2006 |Mofuta wa ntlha wa polokelo ya CD, o o neng o na le tlhopho ya ditlhogo go tswa mo [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipediang ya Seesemane]]. O ne wa phatlhalidiwa ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2006 ke [[m:Interwiki_map/discontinued#SchoolsWPSOSChildren|SOS Children.]]<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20070418030451/http://www.soschildrensvillages.org.uk/charity-news/education-cd.htm SOS Children releases 2006 Wikipedia CD Selection"]. [[m:Interwiki_map/discontinued#SchoolsWPSOSChildren|SOS Children.]] June 4, 2006. Archived from [http://www.soschildrensvillages.org.uk/charity-news/education-cd.htm the original] on April 18, 2007. Retrieved April 25, 2007.</ref> | |- |Wikipedia ya mohuta wa 0.5 |2007 |CD e e neng e na le ditlhogo di ka nna dikete tse pedi tse di tlhophilweng go tswa mo bukeng ya tshedimosetso ya maranyane e ne ya phatlaladisiwa ke [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] le Linterweb. Tlhopho ya ditlhogo e ne e ikaegile ka boleng jwa mofuta wa maranyane le botlhokwa jwa setlhogo se se neng se tshwanetse go akarediwa. E ne ya tlhamiwa e le teko ya go ipaakanyetsa mofuta wa polokelo ya DVD o o neng o tla akaretsa dipego tse dintsi thata.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070427230436/http://www.wikipediaondvd.com/site.php "Wikipedia 0.5 available on a CD-ROM]". April 2007. Archived from [http://wikipediaondvd.com/site.php the original] on April 27, 2007. Retrieved April 25, 2007.</ref><ref>[https://tweakers.net/nieuws/47253/Wikipedia-maakt-cd-voor-internetlozen.html "Wikipedia maakt cd voor internetlozen]" (in Dutch). [[:en:Tweakers.net|tweakers.net.]] April 25, 2007. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070428211831/http://tweakers.net/nieuws/47253/Wikipedia-maakt-cd-voor-internetlozen.html Archived] from the original on April 28, 2007. Retrieved April 25, 2007.</ref> Ditlhogo tsa polokelo ya CD di ne tsa rulaganywa go ya ka ditlhogo tsa tsone. Mofuta wa polokelo ya CD o ne o ka rekwa mo maranyaneng, wa laolwa jaaka [[:en:Disk_image|faele ya setshwantsho sa DVD]] kgotsa [[:en:Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team/Torrent_Project/Version_0.5|faele ya Torrent]], kgotsa wa bonwa mo lefelong la tshedimosetso la lenaneo. |<ref>[https://download.kiwix.org/archive/zim/wikipedia/wikipedia_en_wp1-0.5_2007-03.zim "Wikipedia Version 0.5 at download.kiwix.org"]. ''download.kiwix.org''.</ref><ref>"[https://archive.org/download/wikipedia_en_wp1-0.5_2007-03.zim wikipedia_en_wp1-0.5_2007-03.zim directory listing"]. archive.org.</ref> |- |Wikipedia ya mohuta wa 0.7 |2009 go ya kwa 2010 |Mofuta wa ntlha wa polokelo ya DVD. Kgatiso e e akaretsang ya ditlhogo di ka nna dikete di le masome a mararo tse di tserweng mo mafelong otlhe a dithuto. Go ne ga dirwa tiro ya diatla go tlosa tshenyo ya diteng, mme se sa diega letsatsi la kgololo. E akaretsa ditlhagiso tsa ditlhogo go ya ka maphata le mafelo a lefatshe, mmogo le lenaane la ditlhogo ka tatelano ya ditlhaka tsotlhe tsa puo. |<ref>"[https://download.kiwix.org/archive/zim/wikipedia/wikipedia_en_wp1-0.7_2009-05.zim Wikipedia Version 0.7]". download.kiwix.org.</ref> <ref>[https://archive.org/download/wikipedia_en_wp1-0.7_2009-05.zim "wikipedia_en_wp1-0.7_2009-05.zim directory listing"]. archive.org.</ref> |- |Wikipedia ya mohuta wa 0.8 |2011 |Kgatiso e e akaretsang ya ditlhogo di ka nna dikete di le masome a mane le bosupa le makgolo a le mararo tse di tserweng mo mafelong otlhe a dithuto. Go tlhophwa ga ditlhogo le go tlosa tshenyo ya diteng go dirisiwa ditsamaiso tse di tlhamilweng ke setlhopha sa baithaopi ba ba tswang mo setshabeng sa Wikipedia, mme seo sa tokafatsa thata nako ya go gololwa ga yone. E akaretsa fela lenaane la ditlhogo ka tatelano ya ditlhaka tsotlhe tsa puo mme ga e na go aroganya ditlhogo go ya ka magoro. |<ref>[https://download.kiwix.org/archive/zim/wikipedia/wikipedia_en_wp1-0.8_orig_2010-12.zim "Wikipedia Version 0.8"]. download.kiwix.org.</ref> <ref>"[https://archive.org/download/wikipedia_en_wp1-0.8_orig_2010-12.zim wikipedia_en_wp1-0.8_orig_2010-12.zim directory listing".] archive.org.</ref> |} Go tloga ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo ka ngwaga wa 2022, ga go ise go tlhole go na le ditokololo tse di tlhophilweng tsa dipego fa e sa le ka Mofuta wa Wikipedia 0.8.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 "Wikipedia:Version 1.0 Editorial Team"]. June 12, 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220707222542/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 Archived] from the original on July 7, 2022. Retrieved June 27, 2022 – via Wikipedia.</ref> === Ditsheko === Ka ditsela tse di lekanyeditsweng, Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia o sireleditswe ke [[:en:Section_230_of_the_Communications_Decency_Act|Karolo]] [[:en:Section_230_of_the_Communications_Decency_Act|makgolo a mabedi le boraro ya Molao wa Maitseo a Ditlhaeletsano]]. Mo kgatong ya go senya leina ''Bauer et al. v. Glatzer'' le ba bangwe, go ne ga tshwarwa gore Wikimedia ga e na tsheko e e ka e arabang ka ntlha ya karolo eno.<ref>[http://m.app.com/news.jsp?key=81411 "Judge tosses Matawan literary agent's defamation lawsuit against Wikipedia – Asbury Park Press"]. M.app.com. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref>Molao o o tshwanang kwa lefatshe la France o ne wa dira gore tsheko e kgaolwe ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2007.<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2007-11-05/French_lawsuit|Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2007-11-05/French lawsuit.]] 5 November 2007.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:Oberlandesgericht|kgotlatshekelo ya boikuelo ya Jeremane kgotsa Oberlandesgericht]] (Kgotlatshekelo e e Kwa Godimo ya Kgaolo ya Stuttgart) e ne ya atlhola gore Wikipedia ke "motlamedi wa tirelo" e seng "motlamedi wa diteng", mme ka jalo ga e na molato fa fela e tlosa diteng tse di latofadiwang ka gore ga di kafa molaong.<ref>Paulson, Michelle (December 2, 2013). [[diffblog:2013/12/02/legal-victory-german-court-wikimedia-foundation/|"In legal victory, German court rules Wikimedia Foundation need not proactively check for illegal or inaccurate content"]]. Diff. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230127005533/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2013/12/02/legal-victory-german-court-wikimedia-foundation/ Archived] from the original on January 27, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> == Bona gape == * [[:en:History_of_wikis|Ditso tsa diwiki]] * [[:en:List_of_Wikipedias|Lenaane la Diwikipedia]], le rulagantswe go ya ka letlha la go thankgololwa ga lone * [[:de:Wikipedia:Sprachen#Chronologie_der_Wikipedias_nach_Artikelanzahl|Tatelano ya ditiragalo tsa Diwikipedia ka palo ya diathikele]] (sejeremane) * [[:en:Predictions_of_the_end_of_Wikipedia|Diponelopele tsa bokhutlo jwa Wikipedia]] * [[:en:The_Wikipedia_Revolution|Phetogo ya Wikipedia]] – Buka ya 2009 e e kwadilweng ke [[:en:The_Wikipedia_Revolution|Andrew Lih]] * [[:en:Timeline_of_Wikipedia–U.S._government_conflicts|Mola wa nako wa Wikipedia–U.S. dikgotlhang tsa puso]] == Metswedi == ebnp08oywz35cy872xk63y93rgywucr 53595 53593 2026-07-29T23:22:37Z Atsile Edith 11759 Ke senotse tsebe e #Wikipedia25BW 53595 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Wikipedia]], e leng [[:en:Online_encyclopedia|ensaetlopedia ya mo maranyaneng]] e e nang le [[:en:Free_content|diteng tse di sa duelelweng]] e e kwadilweng le go tlhokomelwa ke setšhaba sa baithaopi ba ba bidiwang [[:en:Wikipedians|Wikipedians]], e simolotse ka go [[:en:First_Wikipedia_edit|kwalwa ga yone la ntlha]] ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe (2001), malatsi a mabedi morago ga gore lotshwao loo le kwadisiwe.<ref>[http://whois.domaintools.com/wikipedia.org "Wikipedia.org WHOIS, DNS, & Domain Info – DomainTools"]. ''[[:en:WHOIS|WHOIS]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170417083509/http://whois.domaintools.com/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on April 17, 2017. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone, 2026.</ref> E ne ya gola go tswa mo [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia,]] e leng ensaetlopedia e e rulagantsweng sentle e e sa duelelweng, e le tsela ya go letla go kwalwa ga ditlhogo le dithanolo motlhofo le ka bonako. Ditshegetso tsa maranyane le tsa dikgopolo tsa Wikipedia di tla pele ga seno; kakanyo ya ntlha e e itsiweng ya ensaetlopedia ya maranyane e dirilwe ke [[:en:Rick_Gates_(Internet_pioneer)|Rick Gates]] ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le boraro (1993),<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20120415133700/http://history-computer.com/Internet/Conquering/Wikipedia.html "Wikipedia of Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger"]. History Computer. 2010. Archived from [http://history-computer.com/Internet/Conquering/Wikipedia.html the original] on April 15, 2012. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> mme kgopolo ya ensaetlopedia ya [[:en:Free_as_in_freedom|maranyane e e gololesegileng]] (jaaka e [[:en:Alternative_terms_for_free_software|farologana]] le [[:en:Open_source|motswedi o o bulegileng]] fela)<ref>[https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html#open-source "Philosophy"]. GNU. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131014132149/http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html#open-source Archived] from the original on October 14, 2013. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> e ne ya akanngwa ke [[:en:Richard_Stallman|Richard Stallman]] ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi (1998).<ref name=":1">[[:en:Richard_Stallman|Stallman, Richard]] (1998). [https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia-1998-draft.html "The Free Universal Encyclopedia and Learning Resource (1998 Draft)"]. GNU. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210124065108/https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia-1998-draft.html Archived] from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Kgopolo ya ga Stallman e ne e akaretsa ka tlhamalalo kgopolo ya gore ga go na mokgatlho ope o o botlhokwa o o tshwanetseng go laola go rulaganya. Seno se ne se farologana le diensaetlopedia tsa maranyane tsa motlha oo jaaka [[:en:Encarta|Microsoft Encarta]] le ''[[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica|Encyclopedia Britannica]]''. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe (2001), teseletso ya [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]] e ne ya fetolwa go nna [[:en:GFDL|GFDL,]] mme [[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Jimmy Wales]] le [[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] ba ne ba simolola Wikipedia jaaka lenaneo le le tlaleletsang, ba dirisa [[:en:Wiki|wiki]] ya mo maranyaneng jaaka sedirisiwa sa go kwala ka tirisanommogo.<ref>[http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?WikiHistory "WikiHistory"]. [[:en:WikiWikiWeb|WikiWikiWeb]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20020621221535/http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?WikiHistory Archived] from the original on June 21, 2002. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Le fa kwa tshimologong Wikipedia e ne e akanngwa e le lefelo la go kwala mekwalo le dikgopolo tsa gore kgabagare go baakanngwe Nupedia, e ne ya feta e e neng e le teng pele ga yone ka bonako, ya nna lefelo la go kwala dipego le legae la setlhagiswa sa bofelo se se baakantsweng sa lenaneo la lefatshe lotlhe ka makgolokgolo a dipuo, mme seno sa tlhotlheletsa mefuta e e farologaneng ya [[:en:List_of_wikis|mananeo a mangwe a ditshupiso tsa mo maranyaneng]]. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014), Wikipedia e ne e na le babadi ba ka nna didikadike di le makgolo a mane le masome a ferabongwe le botlhano ka kgwedi.<ref name=":10">[https://www.economist.com/news/international/21597959-popular-online-encyclopedia-must-work-out-what-next-wikipeaks "The future of Wikipedia: WikiPeaks?"]. ''[[:en:The_Economist|The Economist]]''. March 1, 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140408202455/http://www.economist.com/news/international/21597959-popular-online-encyclopedia-must-work-out-what-next-wikipeaks Archived] from the original on April 8, 2014. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015), go ya ka [[:en:ComScore|comScore]], Wikipedia e ne ya amogela baeng ba ba kgethegileng ba feta didikadike di le lekgolo le lesome le botlhano ka kgwedi go tswa kwa United States fela.<ref name=":11">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150317071240/http://www.comscore.com/Insights/Market-Rankings/comScore-Ranks-the-Top-50-US-Digital-Media-Properties-for-January-2015 "comScore Ranks the Top 50 U.S. Digital Media Properties for January 2015"]. comScore. February 24, 2015. Archived from [http://www.comscore.com/Insights/Market-Rankings/comScore-Ranks-the-Top-50-US-Digital-Media-Properties-for-January-2015 the original] on March 17, 2015. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2018), diporojekete tseno di ne tsa bonwa baeng mo tsebeng ba le dibilione di le lesome le botlhano le sephatlo ka kgwedi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200124235329/https://stats.wikimedia.org/v2/#/all-projects "Monthly overview"]. ''Wikimedia statistics''. Wikimedia Foundation. Archived from [[stats:v2/#/all-projects|the original]] on January 24, 2020. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> [[File:First_preserved_Main_Page_of_Wikipedia.jpeg|thumb|Tsebe ya boremelelo ya Wikipedia (Sedimonthole a le malatsi a le masome a mabedi ngwaga wa 2001)]] == Kakaretso ya ditso == === Lemorago === Kgopolo ya go kokoanya kitso ya lefatshe mo lefelong le le lengwe e simolotse kwa [[:en:Library_of_Alexandria|lefelong la go bala la bogologolo la Alexandria]] le [[:en:Library_of_Pergamum|Lefelong la go bala la Pergamo,]] mme go na le dilo tsa bogologolo tse di neng tsa tla pele ga kgopolo ya ensaetlopedia e e akaretsang, [[:en:Natural_History_(Pliny)|ditso tse di jaaka Naturalis]] ya ga [[:en:Pliny_the_Elder|Pliny yo Mogolo]], mme kakanyo ya segompieno ya ensaekolopedia e e akaretsang tsotlhe, e e gatisiwang le go anamisiwa kwa bathong ba le bantsi, e simologile ka [[:en:Denis_Diderot|Denis Diderot]] le baitseanape ba Fora ba lekgolo la lesome le borobabobedi la dingwaga ba ba neng ba kwala diensaekolopedia.<ref>Miloš, Todorović (2018). "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/347489594 From Diderot's Encyclopedia to Wales's Wikipedia: a brief history of collecting and sharing knowledge]". ''Časopis KSIO''. '''1''': 88–102. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.5281/zenodo.3235309|10.5281/zenodo.3235309.]] Retrieved October 20, 2021.</ref> Kgopolo ya go dirisa metšhine e e itirisang go feta [[:en:Printing_press|motšhine o o gatisang]] go aga ensaetlopedia e e mosola thata e ka bonwa mo bukeng ya ga [[:en:Paul_Otlet|Paul Otlet]] ya ngwaga wa 1934 ya ''[[:en:Traité_de_Documentation|Traité de Documentation]]''. Otlet gape o ne a tlhoma [[:en:Mundaneum|Mundaneum]], e leng setheo se se neng se ineetse go dira ditshupane tsa kitso ya lefatshe, ka ngwaga wa 1910. Kgopolo e ya ensaetlopedia e e thusiwang ke motšhini e ne ya atolosiwa go ya pele mo bukeng ya ga [[:en:H._G._Wells|H. G. Wells]] ya ditlhamo" [[:en:World_Brain|''World Brain'']] (ngwaga wa1938) le pono ya ga [[:en:Vannevar_Bush|Vannevar Bush]] ya isago ya [[:en:Memex|Memex]] e e neng e dirisa [[:en:Microfilm|filimi e e bolokang ditshwantso ka bogolo jo bonnye]], e a e tlhalositse mo setlhangweng sa gagwe se se bidiwang "[[:en:As_We_May_Think|As We May Think]]" (ngwaga wa 1945).<ref name=":2">Reagle, Joseph (2010). Good Faith Collaboration. The Culture of Wikipedia. MIT Press. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0262014472|978-0262014472.]] Chapter 2: "The Pursuit of the Universal Encyclopedia".</ref> Phitlhelelo e nngwe e ne e le lenaneo la Xanadu la ga [[:en:Ted_Nelson|Ted Nelson]] ya go tlhama ditlhangwa tse dintsi, e e neng ya simolola ka ngwaga wa 1960.<ref name=":2" /> Tiriso ya baithaopi e ne e le botlhokwa thata mo go direng le go tlhokomeleng Wikipedia. Le fa go ntse jalo, le fa go ne go se na inthanete, mananeo tse dikgolo tse di dingalo tsa mofuta o o tshwanang di ne di dirisitse baithaopi. Ka tlhamalalo, go tlhamiwa ga [[:en:Oxford_English_Dictionary|''Thanodi ya Seesemane ya Oxford'']] go ne ga akanngwa ka puo kwa lefelong la dibuka la London, ka Letsatsi la ga [[:en:Guy_Fawkes_Day|Guy Fawkes]], ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele a tlhola malatsi a le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 1857, ke [[:en:Richard_Chenevix_Trench|Richard Chenevix Trench]]. Go tsere dingwaga di ka nna masome a supa go wediwa. Dr. Trench o ne a akanya ka bukantswe e ntšha e kgolo ya lefoko lengwe le lengwe mo puong ya Seesemane, le go dirisiwa ka puso ya batho le batho le ka kgololesego. Go ya ka mokwadi Simon Winchester, "Go dira thulaganyo e, o ne a re, go ne go feta bokgoni jwa motho ope fela. Go bala dibuka tsotlhe tsa Seesemane – le go sekaseka makwalo a dikgang a London le New York le makwalo a dikgang le buka ya tsotlhe a aitseng go bala le go kwala – go na le moo go tshwanetse ga nna 'tiro e e kopaneng ya batho ba le bantsi.' Go tla tlhokega go thapa setlhopha – mo godimo ga moo, se segolo – se gongwe se nang le makgolokgolo le makgolokgolo a batho ba ba sa duelweng, botlhe ba dira jaaka baithaopi."<ref>Winchester, Simon (1998). ''The Professor and the Madman: A Tale of Murder, Insanity, and the Making of the Oxford English Dictionary''. Harpers, p. 106.</ref> Kgatelopele ya maranyane ya tshedimosetso kwa bofelong jwa lekgolo la masome a mabedi la dingwaga e ne ya dira gore go dirwe diphetogo mo mofuteng wa diensaetlopedia. Le fa diensaetlopedia tsa nako e e fetileng, segolobogolo [[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica|''Encyclopædia Britannica'']], gantsi di ne di theilwe mo dibukeng, [[:en:Encarta|Encarta]] ya Microsoft, e e gatisitsweng ka ngwaga wa 1993, e ne e le teng mo CD-ROM e bile e na le [[:en:Hyperlink|dikgolagano tse dintsi]]. Go tlhamiwa ga [[:en:World_Wide_Web|World Wide Web]] go ne ga dira gore go dirwe maiteko a mantsi a go dira [[:en:Online_encyclopedia|mananeo a ensaetlopedia tsa maranyane]]. Tshitshinyo ya ntlha ya ensaetlopedia ya mo inthaneteng e ne e le [[:en:Interpedia|Interpedia]] ka ngwaga wa1993 ke [[:en:Rick_Gates_(Internet_pioneer)|Rick Gates]];<ref name=":0" /> lenaneo le le ne la swa pele ga e tlhagisa diteng dipe tsa ensaetlopedia. Motshegetsi wa [[:en:Free_software|mananeo a sesupaditlhaka sa mahala]] [[:en:Richard_Stallman|Richard Stallman]] o ne a tlhalosa botlhokwa jwa "Ensaetlopedia ya Lefatshe Lotlhe ya Mahala le Motswedi wa go Ithuta" ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":1" /> Tokomane ya gagwe e e gatisitsweng e ne ya tlhalosa kafa go ka "tlhomamisiwang ka gone gore kgatelopele e tswelela pele go ya kwa dipoelong tse di gaisang le tsa tlholego." Motlhami-mmogo wa Wikipedia e bong Jimmy Wales o ne a bolela gore kgopolo ya Wikipedia e ne ya tla fa e ne e le moithuti wa dialogane kwa [[:en:Indiana_University_Bloomington|Mmadikolong wa Indiana]], koo a neng a kgatlhiwa ke katlego ya [[:en:Open-source_movement|mokgatlho wa motswedi o o bulegileng]] mme a fitlhela [[:en:GNU_Manifesto|Lekwalo la maikelelo le bokgoni la ga Emacs]] wa ga Richard Stallman o o rotloetsang [[:en:Free_software_movement|mananeo a sesupaditlhaka a mahala]] le itsholelo ya go abelana e kgatlhang. Wales gape o akgola tlhamo ya ga moitseanape wa itsholelo wa [[:en:Austrian_School|Sekolo sa Austria]] e bong [[:en:Friedrich_Hayek|Friedrich Hayek]], Polelo ya tlhamo ya "[[:en:The_Use_of_Knowledge_in_Society|Tiriso ya Kitso mo Setšhabeng,]]" e a neng a e bala fa a ne a le moithuti wa pele ga kalogo,<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140930011944/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2006/07/31/know-it-all Know It All - The New Yorker]". ''[[:en:The_New_Yorker|The New Yorker]]''. September 30, 2014. Archived from [http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2006/07/31/know-it-all the original] on September 30, 2014. Retrieved November 7, 2024.</ref> jaaka "e e botlhokwa" mo go akanyeng ga gagwe ka ga "kafa a ka laolang lenaneo la Wikipedia ka gone."<ref>Mangu-Ward, Katherine (May 30, 2007). "[https://reason.com/2007/05/30/wikipedia-and-beyond/ Wikipedia and Beyond]". ''Reason.com''. Retrieved November 7, 2024.</ref> Tlhamo e e gatelela gore [[:en:Dispersed_knowledge|tshedimosetso e kgaogantswe fela ka bongwe]]—gore motho mongwe le mongwe o itse fela karolwana e nnye ya se se itsiweng mmogo, ditshwetso di dirwa botoka ke batho ba ba nang le kitso ya lefelo leo, go na le ke bothati jo bo botlhokwa. Ka nako eo, Wales o ne a ithuta tsa madi mme o ne a kgatlhilwe ke ditlhotlheletso tsa batho ba le bantsi ba ba neng ba ntsha seabe jaaka baithaopi mo go tlhameng mananeo a disupaditlhaka tsa mahala, koo dikai di le dintsi di neng di nna le dipholo tse di molemo thata.<ref>[https://play.acast.com/s/dannyinthevalley/wikipediasjimmywales "Wikipedia's Jimmy Wales: "I have this crazy idea that people will pay for free news]"", Danny in the Valley, January 19, 2018, [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055526/https://play.acast.com/s/dannyinthevalley/wikipediasjimmywales archived] from the original on March 16, 2023, retrieved March 16, 2023 Richard Stallman discussed at 20min, with further Open Source discussion at 16min.</ref> Go ya ka mokwalo wa dikgang w ''[[:en:The_Economist|The Economist]]'', Wikipedia "e simolotse mo tsholofelong ya maranyane e e neng e tlhaola inthanete kwa bokhutlong jwa lekgolo la masome a mabedi la dingwaga. E ne e tshwara gore batho ba ba tlwaelesegileng ba ka dirisa disupa ditlhaka tsa bone jaaka didirisiwa tsa kgololesego, thuto, le go sedimosiwa."<ref>[https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher "Wikipedia is 20, and its reputation has never been higher]". The Economist. January 9, 2021. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0013-0613 0013-0613.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20221231224550/https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher Archived] from the original on December 31, 2022. Retrieved August 29, 2022.</ref> === Go tlhama kgopolo === Wikipedia e ne ya akanyediwa kwa tshimologong jaaka lenaneo la phepo ya [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]] e e neng ya tlhongwa kwa Wales, lenaneo la pelenyana la go tlhagisa ensaetlopedia ya mahala ya inthanete, e e neng ya ithaopela go dira ke [[:en:Bomis|Bomis]], kompone ya dipapatso tsa maranyane e e leng ya ga Jimmy, [[:en:Tim_Shell|Tim Shell]] le [[:en:Michael_E._Davis_(businessman)|Michael E. Davis]]. <ref>[[:en:Marshall_Poe|Poe, Marshall]] (September 2006). "[https://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/ The Hive]". The Atlantic Monthly. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061223004004/http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia Archived] from the original on December 23, 2006. Retrieved March 25, 2007. Wales and Sanger created the first Nupedia wiki on 10 January 2001. The initial purpose was to get the public to add entries that would then be "fed into the Nupedia process" of authorization. Most of Nupedia's expert volunteers, however, wanted nothing to do with this, so Sanger decided to launch a separate site called "Wikipedia". Neither Sanger nor Wales looked on Wikipedia as anything more than a lark. This is evident in Sanger's flip announcement of Wikipedia to the Nupedia discussion list. "Humor me", he wrote. "Go there and add a little article. It will take all of five or ten minutes". And, to Sanger's surprise, go they did. Within a few days, Wikipedia outstripped Nupedia in terms of quantity, if not quality, and a small community developed. In late January, Sanger created a Wikipedia discussion list (Wikipedia-L) to facilitate discussion of the project.</ref><ref name=":3">Sidener, Jonathan (December 6, 2004). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20090221005820/http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20041206/news_mz1b6encyclo.html Everyone's Encyclopedia]". ''[[:en:The_San_Diego_Union-Tribune|The San Diego Union-Tribune]]''. Archived from [http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20041206/news_mz1b6encyclo.html the original] on February 21, 2009. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref><ref name=":4">Sanger, Larry (April 18, 2005). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20090722235956/http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05%2F04%2F18%2F164213&tid=95&tid=149&tid=9 The Early History of Nupedia and Wikipedia: A Memoir – Part] I". Archived from [http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05/04/18/164213&tid=95&tid=149&tid=9 the original] on July 22, 2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061108094801/http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05%2F04%2F19%2F1746205&tid=95 "The Early History of Nupedia and Wikipedia: A Memoir – Part II".] [[:en:Slashdot|Slashdot]]. April 19, 2005. Archived from [http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05/04/19/1746205&tid=95 the original] on November 8, 2006. My initial idea was that the wiki would be set up as part of Nupedia; it was to be a way for the public to develop a stream of content that could be fed into the Nupedia process. I think I got some of the basic pages written—how wikis work, what our general plan was, and so forth—over the next few days. I wrote a general proposal for the Nupedia community, and the Nupedia wiki went live January 10. The first encyclopedia articles for what was to become Wikipedia were written then. It turned out, however, that a clear majority of the Nupedia Advisory Board wanted to have nothing to do with a wiki. Again, their commitment was to rigor and reliability, a concern I shared with them and continue to have. Still, perhaps some of those people are kicking themselves now. They (some of them) evidently thought that a wiki could not resemble an encyclopedia at all, that it would be too informal and unstructured, as the original WikiWikiWeb was (and is), to be associated with Nupedia. They of course were perfectly reasonable to doubt that it would turn into the fantastic source of content that it did. Who could reasonably guess that it would work? But it did work, and now the world knows better.</ref>Nupedia e ne ya tlhongwa mo tirisong ya baithaopi ba ba tshwanelegang le thulaganyo ya go [[:en:Peer_review|sekaseka balekane]] e e nang le dikgato di le dintsi.<ref>Kaplan Andreas, Haenlein Michael (2014) Collaborative projects (social media application): About Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Business Horizons, Volume 57 Issue 5, pp. 617–626</ref> Le fa e ne e na le lenaane la barulaganyi ba ba kgatlhegang ba ba fetang dikete tse pedi, le go nna teng ga ga Sanger jaaka morulaganyi-mogolo wa nako e e tletseng,<ref name=":30">"[[m:My_resignation--Larry_Sanger|My resignation – Larry Sanger – Meta]]". meta.wikimedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230320142105/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/My_resignation--Larry_Sanger Archived] from the original on March 20, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023. I was more or less offered the job of editing Nupedia when I was, as an ABD philosophy graduate student, soliciting Jimbo's (and other friends') advice on a website I was thinking of starting. It was the first I had heard of Jimbo's idea of an open content encyclopedia, and I was delighted to take the job.</ref> go tlhagisiwa ga diteng tsa Nupedia go ne go le bonya thata, ka dipego di le lesome le bobedi fela tse di kwadilweng mo ngwageng wa ntlha.<ref name=":4" /> Ba-Nupedia ba ne ba tlotla ka ditsela tse di farologaneng tsa go tlhama diteng ka bonako.<ref name=":3" /> Di-wiki di ne di dirisitswe gongwe mo boranyaneng go rulaganya kitso,<ref>[https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2013-01-12-chi-archives-aaron-swartz-20130112-story.html "From the archives: Highland Park teen is finalist in web competition]". ''Chicago Tribune''. January 12, 2013. Retrieved August 21, 2023.</ref> mme kgopolo ya tlaleletso e e theilweng mo di-[[:en:Wiki|wiki]] mo Nupedia e ne ya tlholwa ke motlotlo magareng ga Sanger le Ben Kovitz,<ref name=":5">"[http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?BenKovitz Ben Kovitz]". [[:en:WikiWikiWeb|WikiWikiWeb]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070404030625/http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?BenKovitz Archived] from the original on April 4, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007. – see also Ben Kovitz' fuller account which he links from there.</ref><ref name=":6">Moody, Glyn (July 13, 2006). [https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2006/jul/13/media.newmedia "This time, it'll be a Wikipedia written by experts"]. The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070222023201/http://technology.guardian.co.uk/weekly/story/0,,1818630,00.html Archived] from the original on February 22, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007. – While casting around for a way to speed up article production, Sanger met with Kovitz, an old friend, in January 2001. Kovitz introduced Sanger to the idea of the wiki, invented in 1995 by Ward Cunningham: web pages that anyone could write and edit. "My first reaction was that this really could be what would solve the problem," Sanger explains, "because the software was already written, and this community of people on WikiWikiWeb" – the first wiki – "had created something like 14,000 pages". Nupedia, by contrast, had produced barely two dozen articles. Sanger took up the idea immediately: "I wrote up a proposal and sent it [to Wales] that evening, and the wiki was then set up for me to work on." But this was not Wikipedia as we know it. "Originally it was the Nupedia Wiki – our idea was to use it as an article incubator for Nupedia. Articles could begin life on this wiki, be developed collaboratively and, when they got to a certain stage of development, be put into the Nupedia system."</ref><ref name=":7">Sidener, Jonathan (September 23, 2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20071017041126/http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20060923/news_lz1n23wiki.html "Wikipedia co-founder looks to add accountability, end anarchy]". [[:en:The_San_Diego_Union-Tribune|The San Diego Union-Tribune]]. Archived from [http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20060923/news_lz1n23wiki.html the original] on October 17, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007. The origins of Wikipedia date to 2000, when Sanger was finishing his doctoral thesis in philosophy and had an idea for a Web site.</ref> le ke o mongwe magareng ga Wales le Jeremy Rosenfeld.<ref name=":5" /> Kovitz e ne e le motlhami wa diporokeramo tsa khomphiutha mme a nna mo wiki ya ga [[:en:Ward_Cunningham|Ward Cunningham]] e e fetolang wiki go nna "[[:en:WikiWikiWeb|WikiWikiWeb]]". O ne a tlhalosetsa Sanger gore di-wiki ke eng, fa ba ne ba ja dijo tsa maitseboa ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /><ref>Poe, Marshall (September 2006). "[https://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/3 The Hive"]. [[:en:The_Atlantic_Monthly|The Atlantic Monthly]]. p. 3. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061110160718/http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/3 Archived] from the original on November 10, 2006. Retrieved March 25, 2007. – "Over tacos that night, Sanger explained his concerns about Nupedia's lack of progress, the root cause of which was its serial editorial system. As Nupedia was then structured, no stage of the editorial process could proceed before the previous stage was completed. Kovitz brought up the wiki and sketched out 'wiki magic,' the mysterious process by which communities with common interests work to improve wiki pages by incremental contributions. If it worked for the rambunctious hacker culture of programming, Kovitz said, it could work for any online collaborative project. The wiki could break the Nupedia bottleneck by permitting volunteers to work simultaneously all over the project. With Kovitz in tow, Sanger rushed back to his apartment and called Wales to share the idea. Over the next few days, he wrote a formal proposal for Wales and started a page on Cunningham's wiki called 'Wikipedia.'"</ref>Wales o ne a bolela ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2001 gore "Larry o ne a na le mogopolo wa go dirisa maranyane a sesupa ditlhaka sa Wiki" mo bathong ba ba neng ba boregile ka thulaganyo ya Nupedia,<ref name=":31">Wales, Jimmy (October 30, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20140620072830/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2001-October/000671.html LinkBacks]?". Wikimedia. Archived from [[mailarchive:wikipedia-l/2001-October/000671.html|the original]] (Email) on June 20, 2014. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref> mme moragonyana a bolela ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2005 gore Rosenfeld o ne a mo itsise kgopolo ya wiki.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140328235925/http://www.wired.com/techbiz/media/news/2007/05/assignment_zero_citizendium Assignment Zero First Take: Wiki Innovators Rethink Openness]". [[:en:Wired_News|Wired News]]. May 3, 2007. Archived from [https://www.wired.com/techbiz/media/news/2007/05/assignment_zero_citizendium the original] on March 28, 2014. Retrieved November 1, 2007. Wired.com states: "Wales offered the following on-the-record comment in an e-mail to NewAssignment.net editor [and NYU Professor] [[:en:Jay_Rosen|Jay Rosen]] ...' Larry Sanger was my employee working under my direct supervision during the entire process of launching Wikipedia. He was not the originator of the proposal to use a wiki for the encyclopedia project – that was Jeremy Rosenfeld'."</ref> Sanger o ne a akanya gore wiki e tla nna polatefomo e e siameng go e dirisa, mme a tshitshinya mo lenaaneng la go romela la Nupedia gore wiki e e theilweng mo UseModWiki (ka nako eo v. 0.90)e tlhomiwe jaaka lenaneo la "mojesi" ya Nupedia. Ka fa tlase ga setlhogo sa "A re direng wiki", o ne a kwala jaana:<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 10, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414014355/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html Let's make a wiki]". Nupedia mailing list. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Nnyaa, se ga se tshitshinyo e e sa tshwanelang. Ke kakanyo ya go tsenya karolo e nnye mo Nupedia. Jimmy Wales o akanya gore batho ba le bantsi ba ka nna ba fitlhela kgopolo eno e sa amogelesege, mme nna ga ke akanye jalo... Fa e le ka tiriso ya wiki ya Nupedia, eno ke thulaganyo ya BOFELO e e "bulegileng" le e e motlhofo ya go tlhama diteng. Re kile ra buisana gangwe le gape ka megopolo ya diporojeke tse di bonolo, tse di bulegileng thata, tse di ka emelang kgotsa tsa tlaleletsa Nupedia. Go lebega mo go nna gore diwiki di ka dirisiwa ka bonako thata, di tlhoka tlhokomelo e nnye fela, mme ka kakaretso ga di na kotsi e kgolo. Gape di ka nna motswedi o mogolo wa diteng. Ka jalo, ga go na mathata a magolo a a ka nnang teng, go ya ka kafa ke bonang ka teng. Wales e ne ya tlhoma e le nngwe mme ya e tsenya mo maranyaneng ka Laboraro wa kgwedi ya Ferikgong etlhola malatsi a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 2001, ka fa tlase ga karolo ya nupedia.com.<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 10, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030425173342/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html Nupedia's wiki: try it out".] Nupedia mailing list. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html the original] on April 25, 2003.</ref> Se se ne sa sutela kwa wiki e ntšhwa ka fa tlase ga karolo ya wikipedia.com ka kgwedi ya Ferikgonge tlhola malatsia a le lesome le botlhano. Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa, lenaneo la [[:en:GNUPedia|GNUPedia]] la [[:en:Free_Software_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Mananeo a disupa ditlhaka a Mahala]] (FSF) e ne ya tsena mo maranyaneng, e e neng e ka nna ya gaisana le [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]],<ref>"[http://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=9990&threshold=1&commentsort=0&mode=thread&cid=502603 Slashdot Comments | GNUPedia Project Starting]". Slashdot.org. January 17, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220612010030/https://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=9990 Archived] from the original on June 12, 2022. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> mme mo dingwageng di le mmalwa FSF e ne ya rotloetsa batho "go etela le go tsenya letsogo mo [Wikipedia]" boemong jwa seo.<ref>[https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/ "The Free Encyclopedia Project]". GNU.org. 2012 [1999]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121221000617/http://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/ Archived] from the original on December 21, 2012. Retrieved December 20, 2012.</ref> === Go tlhongwa ga Wikipedia === ''Bona gape: [[:en:First_Wikipedia_edit|Tseleganyo ya ntlha ya Wikipedia]], [[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia's_oldest_articles|Wikipedia:Ditlhogo tsa bogologolo tsa Wikipedia]], le [[:en:Wikipedia:First_100_pages|Wikipedia:Ditsebe tsa ntlha di le]]'' ''[[:en:Wikipedia:First_100_pages|lekgolo]]'' Go ne go na le go okaoka mo gare ga barulaganyi ka go bofa Nupedia gaufi thata le kelelo ya tiro ya mofuta wa wiki.<ref name=":4" /> Morago ga gore wiki ya Nupedia e thankgololwe ka fa tlase ga nupedia.com ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 2001,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20030425173342/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html "&#x5B;Nupedia-l&#x5D; Nupedia's wiki: try it out"]. April 25, 2003. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20030425173342/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html the original] on April 25, 2003. Retrieved August 21, 2023.</ref> Wales e ne ya akantshanya go simolola lenaneo le le ntšhwa ka fa tlase ga leina la yone, mme Sanger o ne a akantshanya ''Wikipedia'', a e tlhama jaaka "lenaneo la tlaleletso ya Nupedia e e dirang e e ikemetseng ka nosi gotlhelele."<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 11, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414021138/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html <nowiki>Re: [Advisory-l] The wiki</nowiki>]..." Nupedia mailing list. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Wiki e ntšhwa e ne ya simololwa kwa wikipedia.com ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2001. [[:en:Bandwidth_(computing)|Bophara jwa bogolo jwa kgokaganyo ya maranyane]] le [[:en:Server_(computing)|tsamaiso e e bolokang tshedimosetso]] (e e kwa San Diego) tse di dirisitsweng mo mananeong ao a ntlha di ne tsa neelwa ke Bomis. Badiri ba le bantsi ba pele ba Bomis moragonyana ba ne ba ntsha diteng tsa ensaetlopedia: segolobogolo [[:en:Tim_Shell|Tim Shell]], motlhami-mmogo le moragonyana Mokhuduthamaga wa Bomis, le motlhami wa dithulaganyo Jason Richey. [[Setshwantsho:Jimmy Wales' Mac and the First Wikipedia Edit — "Hello World" (51738433963).jpg|thumb|iMac ya ga Jimmy Wales e ne e dirisiwa go dira tseleganyo ya ntlha mo Wikipedia]] Wales o boletse ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2008 gore o dirile tseleganyo ya ntlha ya Wikipedia, tseleganyo ya teko e e nang le mokwalo o o reng "[[:en:"Hello,_World!"_program|Dumela, Lefatshe]]!", mme se e ka tswa e ne e le mo mofuteng wa bogologolo wa Wikipedia o ka bonako morago ga moo o neng wa phimolwa mme wa emisediwa ka go simolola gape.<ref>Message by Jimmy Wales {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160412003535/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Jimbo_Wales&diff=prev&oldid=258632986|date=12 April 2016}} Wednesday 17 December 2008. Retrieved Saturday 30 January 2010.</ref><ref>Starling, Tim (January 14, 2011). "[[mailarchive:wikien-l/2011-January/108198.html|Hello world]]?". ''WikiEN-l'' (Mailing list). Retrieved June 4, 2022.</ref>Tseleganyo ya ntlha e e neng ya boela mo Wikipedia.com e ne e le ya Tsebe ya Gae ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2001, e e neng e balega jaana "E ke Wikipedia e ntšhwa!"; e ka bonwa [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/908493298|fa]].<ref>Wikipedia's earliest edits were once believed lost, as early [[:en:UseModWiki|UseModWiki]] software deleted data after a month. But on 14 December 2010, [[:en:Tim_Starling|Tim Starling]] found backups on [[:en:SourceForge|SourceForge]] containing every change made to Wikipedia from its creation in January 2001 to 17 August 2001. As of 2019, these were imported into Wikipedia's edit history. Before that, the first edits that had been known were to [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/291430|Wikipedia:UuU]], [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/286342|TransporT]], and [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/11992008|User:ScottMoonen]] on 16 January 2001.</ref> Go nna teng ga lenaneo go ne ga itsisiwe semmuso mme boikuelo jwa gore baithaopi ba nne le seabe mo go tlhameng diteng bo ne jwa dirwa kwa lenaaneng la go romela ka poso la Nupedia ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20030331101007/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000684.html <nowiki>"[Nupedia-l] Wikipedia is up!</nowiki>]". March 31, 2003. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000684.html the original] on March 31, 2003. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Lenaneo le ne la amogela batsayakarolo ba le bantsi ba bašwa morago ga go umakiwa mo lefelong ya maranyane le le naleng tshedimosetso ya [[:en:Slashdot|Slashdot]] ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2001,<ref>"[http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Britannica and Free Content]". Slashdot. July 26, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090114204227/http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Archived] from the original on January 14, 2009.</ref> e setse e umakilwe gabedi ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwo ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref>[http://slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=01/03/02/1422244&tid=99 "Nupedia and Project Gutenberg Directors Answer]". Slashdot. March 5, 2001.</ref><ref>[http://slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=01/03/29/2035230&tid=95 "Everything2 Hits One Million Nodes]". Slashdot. March 29, 2001.</ref> Morago ga moo e ne ya amogela tshupo e e tlhageletseng ya kgang mo lefelong ya maranyane le le naleng tshedimosetso le setso e e rulagantsweng ke baagi ya Kuro5hin, e e rulaganngwang ke setšhaba, e e buang ka maranyane le setso, ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le botlhano.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20011107050810/http://www.kuro5hin.org/story/2001/7/25/103136/121 "Britannica or Nupedia? The Future of Free Encyclopedias]". Kuro5hin. July 25, 2001. Archived from [http://www.kuro5hin.org/story/2001/7/25/103136/121 the original] on November 7, 2001.</ref> Fa gare ga go tsena moo ga batho ba le bantsi, go ne go ntse go na le batho ba le bantsi ba ba neng ba tla go tswa kwa metsweding e mengwe, segolobogolo Google, e e neng e romela makgolokgolo a baeng ba basha mo lefelong e e le nosi letsatsi le letsatsi. [[:en:Mainstream_media|Kgaso ya yone]] [[:en:Mainstream_media|ya bobegakgang]] ya ntlha e kgolo e ne e le mo [[:en:The_New_York_Times|''The New York Times'']] ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref>Meyers, Peter (September 20, 2001). [https://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/20/technology/fact-driven-collegial-this-site-wants-you.html "Fact-Driven? Collegial? This Site Wants You]". The New York Times. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20090415232001/http://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/20/technology/fact-driven-collegial-this-site-wants-you.html Archived] from the original on April 15, 2009. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> === Dikgaogano le go dira gore dilo di nne tsa boditšhabatšhaba === Kwa tshimologong ya tlhabololo ya Wikipedia, e ne ya simolola go atologa kwa mafatsheng a mangwe, ka go tlhamiwa ga [[:en:Namespace|mafelo a masha a maina]], lengwe le lengwe le na le setlhopa se se farologaneng sa [[:en:Username|maina a badirisi]]. [[:en:Subdomain|Karolopotlana]] ya ntlha e e tlhametsweng Wikipedia e e seng ya Seesemane e ne e le [[:en:German_Wikipedia|deutsche.wikipedia.com]] (e e tlhamilweng ka Labotlhano kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2001, mo nakong ya oura e le nngwe le metsotso e le masome a mararo le borobedi kwa morago ga nako ya UTC),<ref>"[[mailarchive:wikipedia-l/2001-March/000049.html|Alternative language Wikipedias]]". Lists. Wikimedia. March 15, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140620120726/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2001-March/000049.html Archived] from the original on June 20, 2014. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> mme morago ga dioura di le mmalwa ya latelwa ke [[:en:Catalan_Wikipedia|catalan.wikipedia.com]] (ka oura ya lesome le boraro le metsotso e le supa mo nakong ya UTC).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20010413083954/http://catalan.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=history&id=HomePage "History of the Catalan Homepage]". Wikipedia. Archived from [https://catalan.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=history&id=HomePage the original] on April 13, 2001. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> [[:en:Japanese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejapane]], e e simolotseng e le nihongo.wikipedia.com, e ne ya tlhamiwa mo pakeng eo,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20010420120143/http://nihongo.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=browse&id=HomePage&revision=3 "Nihongo No Wikipedia: HomePage]". April 20, 2001. Archived from [https://nihongo.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=browse&id=HomePage&revision=3 the original] on April 20, 2001. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20010331173908/http://www.wikipedia.com/ Wikipedia: HomePage]". March 31, 2001. Archived from [https://www.wikipedia.com/ the original] on March 31, 2001. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref>mme kwa tshimologong e ne e dirisa fela [[:en:Romanization_of_Japanese|Sejapane se se fetotsweng sa Seroma]]. Mo dikgweding di ka nna pedi Se-Catalan e ne e le sone se se nang le dipego tse dintsi ka puo e e seng ya Seesemane,<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Multilingual_monthly_statistics_(2001)|Multilingual monthly statistics]]</ref><ref>[https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C3%80bac&oldid=1 "First edition in the Catalan Wikipedia]" (in Catalan). Wikipedia. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201112014959/https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C3%80bac Archived] from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> le fa dipalopalo tsa nako eo ya ntlha di sa nepagala.<ref>This [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Multilingual_monthly_statistics_(2001)&oldid=192353617 table] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210222221921/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3AMultilingual_monthly_statistics_%282001%29&oldid=192353617 Archived] 22 February 2021 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]], for instance, misses Japanese and German articles such as [https://web.archive.org/web/20010421123743/http://nihongo.wikipedia.com/wiki/Nihongo_no_funimekusu this one] and [https://web.archive.org/web/20010411030440/http://deutsche.wikipedia.com/wiki/Nupedia_Deutsch-L_Sektion this one], both dated 6 April 2001.</ref> Wikipedia ya Sefora e tlhamilwe ka kgotsa mo e ka nnang ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome lebongwe ka ngwaga wa 2001,<ref>The [https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikip%C3%A9dia:Historique_de_Wikip%C3%A9dia_en_fran%C3%A7ais&oldid=34816819 Documentation on the French Wikipedia] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210608194149/https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikip%C3%A9dia:Historique_de_Wikip%C3%A9dia_en_fran%C3%A7ais&oldid=34816819 Archived] 8 June 2021 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] mentions the date of 23 March 2001, but this date is not supported by Wikipedia snapshots on the [[:en:Internet_Archive|Internet Archive]], nor by Jason Richey's letter, which was dated 11 May 2001 (see below).</ref> ka lekhubu la diphetolelo tse dišwa tsa puo tse gape di neng di akaretsa [[:en:Chinese_Wikipedia|Setšhaena]], [[:en:Dutch_Wikipedia|Sedatšhe]], [[:en:Esperanto_Wikipedia|Seeseperanto]], [[:en:Hebrew_Wikipedia|Sehebera]], [[:en:Italian_Wikipedia|Sentadiana]], [[:en:Portuguese_Wikipedia|Sepotokisi]], [[:en:Russian_Wikipedia|Serussia]], [[:en:Spanish_Wikipedia|Sepanishe]], le [[:en:Swedish_Wikipedia|Sesweden]].<ref>[[mailarchive:wikipedia-l/2001-May/000116.html|Letter of Jason Richey to wikipedia-l mailing list]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20140620081721/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2001-May/000116.html Archived] 20 June 2014 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] 11 May 2001</ref> Go ise go ye kae dipuo tseno di ne tsa kopanngwa ke [[:en:Arabic_Wikipedia|Searabia]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20011118054300/http://ar.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?HomePage "Homepage from the Internet Archive"]. Wikipedia. Archived from [https://ar.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?HomePage the original] on November 18, 2001. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> le [[:en:Hungarian_Wikipedia|Sehungary]].<ref>[[Wikipedia:Announcements]] May 2001</ref><ref>"[https://www.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=International_Wikipedia&action=history International Wikipedia]". Wikipedia. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa 2001, kitsiso e ne ya solofetsa go ineela mo tlamelong ya dipuo tse dintsi ya Wikipedia,<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Announcements_2001#September_2001|Wikipedia:Announcements 2001]]</ref> e itsise badirisi ka go phatlaldiwa gmo go tlang ga Wikipedias ya dipuo tsotlhe tse dikgolo, go tlhongwa ga maemo a konokono, le go kgaratlhela thanolo ya ditsebe tsa konokono tsa wiki tsa ditsebe tse dišwa tsa wiki. Kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga oo, fa dipalopalo tsa boditšhabatšhaba di ne di simolola go kwalwa la ntlha, go ne ga itsisiwe diphetolelo tsa [[:en:Afrikaans_Wikipedia|Seaforikanse]], [[:en:Norwegian_Wikipedia|Senorway]] le [[:en:Serbian_Wikipedia|Seserbia]].<ref>"[https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:International_wikipedias_statistics International Wikipedias statistics]". [https://web.archive.org/web/20030305012547/http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:International_wikipedias_statistics Wikipedia]. Archived from the original on March 5, 2003. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2002, karolo ya masome a borobabongwe mo lekgolong ya dipego tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia di ne di le ka Seesemane. Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2004, batho ba ba kwa tlase ga karolo ya masome a matlhano mo lekgolong e ne e le Baesemane, mme go dira gore batho ba nne ba boditšhabatšhaba gono go tsweletse go oketsega fa ensaetlopedia e e ntse e gola. Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2014, mo e ka nnang karolo ya masome a borobabobedi le botlhano mo lekgolong ya dipego tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia di ne di le mo mefuteng ya Wikipedia e e seng ya Seesemane.<ref>"[[m:List_of_Wikipedias#Grand_Total|List of Wikipedias – Grand Total (retrieved 2014)]]". Wikimedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20141219233704/http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias#Grand_Total Archived] from the original on December 19, 2014. Retrieved December 20, 2014.</ref> Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2023, Di-Wikipedia tsa Seesemane le tsa Seesemane se se motlhofo di na le dipego di le didikadike di le di le supa fa gare ga tsone, mme mo e ka nnang karolo ya masome a borobabongwe mo lekgolong ya dipego di ne di le mo di-Wikipedia tse e seng tsa Seesemane.<ref name=":12">[[m:List_of_Wikipedias|"List of Wikipedias – Meta]]". meta.wikimedia.org. Retrieved August 21, 2023.</ref> === Tlhabololo ya Wikipedia === [[Setshwantsho:Old Wikipedia.png|thumb|Tsebekgolo ya Wikipedia (Kgwedi ya Lwetse a tlhola malatsi e le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2002)]] Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2002, morago ga go gogelwa morago ga matlole ke Bomis ka nako ya go [[:en:Dot-com_bubble|phutlhama ga dot-com]], Sanger o ne a tlogela Nupedia le Wikipedia ka bobedi.<ref name=":32">Schiff, Stacy (July 31, 2006). "[https://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/060731fa_fact Know It All]". [[:en:The_New_Yorker|The New Yorker.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20081122125817/http://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/060731fa_fact Archived] from the original on November 22, 2008. Retrieved April 25, 2009.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2002, ene le Wales ba ne ba sa tshwane ka dikgopolo tsa bone tsa gore ba ka laola jang diensaetlopedia tse di bulegileng sentle. Bobedi jwa bone ba ne ba sa ntse ba tshegetsa kgopolo ya tirisanommogo e e bulegileng, mme ba ne ba sa dumalane ka gore ba ka tshwara jang barulaganyi ba ba kgoreletsang, dikarolo tse di rileng tsa baitseanape, le tsela e e molemolemo ya go kaela porojeke gore e atlege. Wales o ne a tswelela go tlhoma go ipusa le go ikaela [[:en:Business_development|go tswa kwa tlase go ya kwa godimo]] ke barulaganyi mo Wikipedia. O ne a tlhalosa sentle gore ga a kitla a nna le seabe mo tsamaisong ya letsatsi le letsatsi ya morafe, mme o tlaa o rotloetsa go ithuta go itaola le go ipatlela mekgwa e e gaisang. Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2007, Wales e ne ya lekanyetsa seabe sa gagwe thata go ntsha ditshwaelo tsa nako le nako mo dikgannyeng tse di masisi, tiro ya bokhuduthamaga, go buelela kitso, le go rotloetsa diporojeke tse di tshwanang tsa ditshupiso. Sanger o rile ke "moakaretsi" mme o bulegile mo e ka nnang sengwe le sengwe,<ref>Anderson, Nate (February 25, 2007). [https://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars/3 "Citizendium: building a better Wikipedia"]. Ars Technica. [https://web.archive.org/web/20081020001720/http://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars/3 Archived] from the original on October 20, 2008. Retrieved October 22, 2011.</ref> mme a tshitshinya gore baitseanape ba santse ba na le lefelo mo lefatsheng la [[:en:Web_2.0|Web 2.0.]] Ka ngwaga wa 2006 o ne a tlhoma [[:en:Citizendium|Citizendium]], e leng ensaetlopedia e e bulegileng e e neng e dirisa maina a mmatota a batsayakarolo go fokotsa go tseleganya go go kgoreletsang, mme a solofela go tlhofofatsa "kaelo e e bonolo ya baitseanape" go oketsa go nepagala ga diteng tsa yone. Ditshwetso ka ga diteng tsa pego di ne di tshwanetse go nna mo diatleng tsa baagi, mme lefelo le ne le tshwanetse go akaretsa polelo ka ga "diteng tse di siametseng lelapa".<ref>[http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/CZ:Family-Friendly_Policy "Archive: Family-Friendly Policy – Citizendium]". en.citizendium.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20101120030154/http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/CZ:Family-Friendly_Policy Archived] from the original on November 20, 2010. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>Anderson, Nate (February 25, 2007). [https://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars "Citizendium: building a better Wikipedia"]. Ars Technica. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070324225040/http://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars Archived] from the original on March 24, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref> === Diteng tsa nako e e fetileng tsa Wikipedia === Dipego tsa bogologolo, le tse di sa tlholeng di dirisiwa, tsa ensaetlopedia di botlhokwa thata mo dipatlisisong tsa ditso .<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20210126035016/https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/12/encyclopedias-are-time-capsules/419619/ Encyclopedias Are Time Capsules – The Atlantic]". [[:en:The_Atlantic|The Atlantic]]. January 26, 2021. Archived from [https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/12/encyclopedias-are-time-capsules/419619/ the original] on January 26, 2021. Retrieved June 25, 2022.</ref> Mo pegong nngwe le nngwe ya Wikipedia, mefuta e e fetileng e ka fitlhelelwa ka kgokagano ya "Leba ditso" e e kwa godimo ga tsebe. Ditso tse di feletseng tsa dipego tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia le tsone di ka laisololwa jaaka [[:en:Wikipedia:Database_download|dithotobolo tsa tshedimosetso]], ka sebopego sa difaele tsa [[:en:XML|XML]] tse di gateletsweng.<ref>Koehrsen, Will (October 26, 2018). [https://medium.com/towards-data-science/wikipedia-data-science-working-with-the-worlds-largest-encyclopedia-c08efbac5f5c "Wikipedia Data Science: Working with the World's Largest Encyclopedia"]. ''Towards Data Science''. Retrieved February 4, 2025.</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, Polokelo ya Faele ya ZIM,<ref name=":8">[[iarchive:zimarchive|"ZIM File Archive: Free Data: Free Download, Borrow and Streaming]]". Internet Archive. Retrieved June 25, 2022.</ref> kwa [[:en:Internet_Archive|Polokelong ya Maranyane]], e na le dinepe tse di feletseng tsa nako e e fetileng tsa Wikipedia mmogo le ditlhopho tsa dipego, ka dipuo tse dintsi, go tswa mo dingwageng tse di farologaneng. Di ka bulwa ka mananeo a maranyane a [[:en:Kiwix|Kiwix]]. Magareng ga dingwaga tsa 2007 le 2011, go ne ga gololwa [[:en:History_of_Wikipedia#English_Wikipedia_CD/DVD/Kiwix_ZIM_file_releases|mefuta e meraro ya]] [[:en:History_of_Wikipedia#English_Wikipedia_CD/DVD/Kiwix_ZIM_file_releases|polokelo ya CD/DVD]] (e e bidiwang Mofuta wa Wikipedia 0.5, 0.7 le 0.8) e e nang le tlhopho ya dipego go tswa mo [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]]. Di ne tsa nna teng jaaka difaele tsa Kiwix ZIM, go tswa mo Polokelong ya Difaele tsa ZIM<ref name=":8" /> le go tswa mo lefelong la go laisolola ya Kiwix.[70] === Phetogo ya letshwao === [[Setshwantsho:Old wikipedia logo.png|left|thumb|Go tlhongwa – kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2001 (teko)]] <gallery mode="packed"> Setshwantsho:Wiki logo The Cunctator.png|Bofelo jwa ngwaga wa 2001 go ya kwa kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a lesome le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2003 Setshwantsho:Wikipedia-logo-v3-en.png|Kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2003 go ya kwa kgweding ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2010 Setshwantsho:Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg|Kgwedi wa Motsheganong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2010 – ga jaana </gallery> == Molanako == ''Dipego tse di sobokanyang ngwaga le ngwaga di tshwarwa mo teng ga lefelo la maina a lenaneo la Wikipedia mme di golaganngwa le tse di fa tlase. Didirisiwa tse dingwe tsa patlisiso di teng mo teng ga dipalo le dipolokelo tsa Wikipedia, mme di kwadilwe kwa bokhutlong jwa pego eo.'' === Ngwagasome wa ntlha: Ngwaga wa 2000 go ya kwa ngwageng wa 2009 === ==== Ngwaga wa 2000 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Bomis-staff-summer-2000.jpg|thumb|Babereki ba Bomis magareng ga dingwaga tsa 2000]] Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2000, lenaneo la [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]] le ne la simololwa. Maikaelelo a yone e ne e le go gatisa dipego tse di kwadilweng ke baitseanape tse di neng di tla fiwa tetla jaaka [[:en:Free_content|diteng tsa mahala]]. Nupedia e tlhomilwe ke Wales, a nale Sanger e le morulaganyi-mogolo, mme e tshegeditswe ka matlole ke kompone ya papatso ya boranyane ya [[:en:Bomis|Bomis]].<ref>Poe, Marshall (September 2006). "[https://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/ The Hive]". [[:en:The_Atlantic|The Atlantic]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061223004004/http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia Archived] from the original on December 23, 2006. Retrieved January 1, 2007.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2001 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2001, Wikipedia e ne ya simolola e le lenaneo le le kwa thoko ya Nupedia, go letla tirisanommogo mo dipegong pele ga go tsena mo thulaganyong ya tshekatsheko ya balekane.<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 10, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414014355/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html Let's make a wiki"]. Nupedia-l mailing list. Internet Archive. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Leina le le ne la ntshiwa e le kakanyo ke Sanger ka la bo kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le le lesome le bongwe ka ngwaga wa 2001 jaaka [[:en:Portmanteau|kopano ya mafoko]] ''[[:en:Wiki|wiki]]'' ([[:en:Hawaiian_language|Sehawaiian]] a a kayang "bofefo") le ''ensaetlopedia''.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414021138/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html <nowiki>"[Nupedia-l] Re: [Advisory-l] The wiki</nowiki>]..." nupedia.com. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20030414021138/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Maina a kgolagano ya karolo a ''wikipedia.com'' le ''wikipedia.org'' a ne a kwadisiwa ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bobedi <ref>[[:en:Network_Solutions|Network Solutions]] (2007) [http://www.networksolutions.com/whois/results.jsp?domain=wikipedia.com WHOIS domain registration information results for wikipedia.com from Network Solutions] Archived 27 September 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Retrieved 27 July 2007.</ref> le a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro,<ref>[[:en:Network_Solutions|Network Solutions]] (2007). [http://www.networksolutions.com/whois/results.jsp?domain=wikipedia.org "WHOIS domain registration information results for wikipedia.org from Network Solutions] [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927194913/http://www.networksolutions.com/whois/results.jsp?domain=wikipedia.org Archived] 27 September 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]". Retrieved 27 July 2007.</ref> ka go latelana, mme ''wikipedia.org'' e ne ya tsenngwa mo maranyaneng ka lone letsatsi leo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20101006010812/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page "Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20101006010812/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page Archived] from the original on October 6, 2010. Retrieved September 6, 2010.</ref> Lenaneo le ne la bulwa semmuso ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano("[[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Day|Letsatsi la Wikipedia"]]), ka di-Wikipedia tsa ntlha tsa boditšhabatšhaba – dikgatiso tsa Sejeremane, [[:en:Catalan_language|Se-Catalan]], Sefora, [[:en:Swedish_language|Se-Sweden]], le Se-italia– tse di neng tsa tlhamiwa fa gare ga dikgwedi tsa Mopitlo le Motsheganong. Melawana ya "ntlha ya pono e e sa tseyeng letlhakore" ([[:en:Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view|NPOV]]) e ne ya tlhamiwa semmuso ka nako eno, mme lekhubu la ntlha la Wikipedia la [[:en:Slashdot_effect|slashdotter]] le ne la goroga ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le maosme a mabedi le borataro.<ref>"[http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Britannica and Free Content]". Slashdot. July 26, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090114204227/http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Archived] from the original on January 14, 2009.</ref> Pegelo ya ntlha ya bobegakgang ka ga Wikipedia e ne ya tlhagelela ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga 2001 mo mokwalong wa dikgang ywa [[:en:Western_Mail_(Wales)|''Wales ka Sontaga'']].<ref>[[:en:Western_Mail_(Wales)|Wales on Sunday]] (26 August 2001) Knowledge at your fingertips. Game On: Internet Chat.(writing, "Both Encarta and Britannica are official publications with well-deserved reputations. But there are other options, such as homemade encyclopaedias. One is Wikipedia (www.wikipedia.com) which uses clever software to build an encyclopaedia from scratch. Wiki is software installed on a web server that allows anyone to edit any of the pages. On Wikipedia, anyone can write about any subject they know about. The idea is that over time, enough experts will offer their knowledge for free and build up the world's ultimate hand-built database of knowledge. The disadvantage is that it's still an ongoing project. So far about 8,000 articles have been written and the editors are aiming for 100,000.")</ref> [[:en:September_11_attacks|Ditlhaselo tsa kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bongwe]] di ne tsa dira gore go tlhagelele dikgang tse di botlhokwa mo tsebeng ya gae, mmogo le mabokoso a tshedimosetso a a golaganyang dipego tse di amanang le tsone.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20011010233257/http://www.wikipedia.com/ October 2001 homepage screenshot] shows the "Breaking News" header up top, as well as 11 September 2001 block of articles under "Current events"; the [https://web.archive.org/web/20011010230439/http://www.wikipedia.com/wiki/September_11%2C_2001_Terrorist_Attack 9/11] page shows the activist nature of the page, as well as the large number of subtopics created to cover the event.</ref> Ka nako eo, go ne go setse go tlhamilwe dipego di ka nna lekgolo tse di amanang le 9/11 .<ref>Keegan, Brian (November 17, 2020). [https://slate.com/technology/2020/11/wikipedia-september-11-breaking-news.html "How 9/11 Made Wikipedia What It Is Today]". Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210506060557/https://slate.com/technology/2020/11/wikipedia-september-11-breaking-news.html Archived] from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved May 10, 2021.</ref> Morago ga ditlhaselo tsa kgwedi ya Lwetse a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bongwe, go ne ga tlhaga kgokagano ya setlhogo sa Wikipedia se se buang ka ditlhaselo tseno mo [[:en:Yahoo!|Yahoo!]] tsebe ya gae, mme seno sa felela ka gore go nne le koketsego ya pharakano.<ref>Pasternack, Alex (September 11, 2021). [https://www.fastcompany.com/90674998/how-9-11-turned-a-new-site-called-wikipedia-into-historys-crowdsourced-front-page "How 9/11 turned a new site called Wikipedia into history's crowdsourced front page".] Fast Company. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210911121514/https://www.fastcompany.com/90674998/how-9-11-turned-a-new-site-called-wikipedia-into-historys-crowdsourced-front-page Archived] from the original on September 11, 2021. Retrieved September 11, 2021.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2002 ==== Ngwaga wa 2002 e ne ya bona go fokodiwa ga matlole a Wikipedia go tswa go [[:en:Bomis|Bomis]] le go tsamaya ga ga Sanger. Go ne ga nna le go [[:en:Fork_(software_development)|kgaogana]] ga [[:en:Spanish_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sepanishe]], ka go tlhongwa ga [[:en:Enciclopedia_Libre|''Encyclopedia Libre'']]. Jimmy Wales o netefaditse gore Wikipedia ga e kitla e tsamaisa papatso ya kgwebo. Maranyane a sesupaditshwantsho a ntlha a a rwalegang a [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]] a ne a simolola go dira ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsia le masome a matlhano. Go ne ga tlhagisiwa diroboto. Lenaneo la ntlha la kgaitsadi ([[:en:Wiktionary|Wiktionary]]) le [[:en:Manual_of_Style|Bukana ya]] [[:en:Manual_of_Style|mokgwa]] ya ntlha ya semmuso di ne tsa thankgololwa. Batshwaedi ba ka nna makgolo a mabedi ba ne ba tseleganya Wikipedia letsatsi le letsatsi.<ref>Singer, Michael (January 16, 2002). [https://web.archive.org/web/20030316082912/http://siliconvalley.internet.com/news/article.php/3531_956641 "Free Encyclopedia Project Celebrates Year One]". [[:en:Mecklermedia|''Jupitermedia'']]. Archived from [http://siliconvalley.internet.com/news/article.php/3531_956641 the original] on March 16, 2003.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2003 ==== [[Setshwantsho:2003-08-31 English Wikipedia main page.svg|thumb|Tsebekgolo ya Wikipedia (kgwedi ya Phatwe ngwaga wa 2003)]] Wikipedia ya Seesemane e fetile dipego di le dikete tse lekgolo ka ngwaga wa 2003, fa kgatiso e e latelang e kgolo go gaisa, Wikipedia ya Sejeremane, e fetile di le dikete tse lesome. [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] o ne wa tlhongwa. Wikipedia e amogetse letshwao la yone la lefatshe la jigsaw. Difomula tsa dipalo tse di dirisang [[:en:TeX|TeX]] di ne tsa tsenngwa gape mo lefelong la tshedimosetse. [[:de:Wikipedia:Stammtisch München/Archiv/2003|Kopano ya ntlha ya loago ya Wikipedia]] e ne ya tshwarelwa kwa lefelong la [[:en:Munich|Munich]], kwa lefatsheng la Germany, ka Phalane. Melaometheo ya motheo ya tsamaiso ya [[:en:Wikipedia:ArbCom|Katlholo le komiti ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] ("ArbCom") e ne ya tlhamiwa. [[:en:Wikisource|Wikisource]] e ne ya tlhamiwa jaaka lenaneo le le farologaneng ka kgwedi ya Ngwanaitseele a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bone ka ngwaga wa 2003, go amogela metswedi ya mahala ya mafoko jaaka maikaelelo a yone mo dipuong tse dintsi le dithanolo. ==== Ngwaga wa 2004 ==== Letamo la dipego tsa Wikipedia lefatshe ka bophara le ne la tswelela go gola ka bonako ka ngwaga wa 2004, la menagana gabedi ka bogolo mo dikgweding di le lesome le bobedi, go tswa mo dipegong tse di ka fa tlase ga dikete tse makgolo a matlhano kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2003 go ya ko go tse di fetang sedikadike se le sengwe ka dipuo tse di fetang lekgolo kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2004. Dipego tsa Seesemane fela tsa Wikipedia tse di ne tsa dira gore go nne le dipego tse di ka fa tlase ga dikete tse makgolo a matlhano. Dipolase tsa disefara tsa lefelo la tshedimosetso di ne tsa fudusiwa go tswa kwa California go ya kwa Florida. [[:en:Wikipedia:Categories|Ditlhopha]] le dipampiri tsa thulaganyo ya mokgwa wa [[:en:CSS|CSS]] di ne tsa tlhagisiwa. Maiteko a ntlha a go thibela Wikipedia a ne a diragala, ka lefelo la tshedimosetso le ne la thibelwa kwa China dibeke di le pedi ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo. Ditlhopho tsa semmuso di ne tsa simolola tsa boto ya mokgatlho, le Komiti ya Katlholo mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane. Kgaolo ya ntlha ya bosetšhaba ya Motheo, e leng [[:en:Wikimedia_Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]], e ne ya amogelwa. Kopano, ya ntlha ya loago kwa United States e ne ya tshwarelwa kwa [[:en:Boston|Boston]], [[:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/Boston1|ka kgwedi ya Phukwi]]. [[:en:Wikimedia_Commons|Wikimedia Commons]] e tlhamilwe ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola letsatsi le supa ka ngwaga wa 2004 go amogela difaele tsa media tsa Wikipedia ka dipuo tsotlhe. Bourgeois v. Peters,<ref name=":9">"[https://web.archive.org/web/20121221140312/http://www.ca11.uscourts.gov/opinions/ops/200216886.pdf 387 F.3d 1303]" (PDF). Archived from [http://www.ca11.uscourts.gov/opinions/ops/200216886.pdf the original] (PDF) on December 21, 2012. Retrieved November 19, 2013.</ref> (11th Cir. 2004), tsheko ya kgotlatshekelo e e neng ya swetswa ke [[:en:United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eleventh_Circuit|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo ya United States ya Potologo ya Bolesome le bongwe]] e ne e le nngwe ya dikgopolo tsa ntlha tsa kgotlatshekelo go nopola le go nopola Wikipedia.<ref>Peoples, Lee (January 2010). [http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1055&context=yjolt "The Citation of Wikipedia in Judicial Opinions]". Yale Journal of Law and Technology. 12 (1). [https://web.archive.org/web/20150224051512/http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1055&context=yjolt Archived] from the original on February 24, 2015.</ref> E ne ya bolela jaana: "Gape re gana kgopolo ya gore maemo a kgakololo ya matshosetsi a Lephata la Tshireletso ya Naga ka tsela nngwe a siametse dipatlisiso tseno. Le fa maemo a matshosetsi a ne a 'tlhatlositswe' ka nako ya boipelaetso, 'go fitlha ga jaana, maemo a matshosetsi a ntse a le mo mmala o mosetlha (a tlhatlositswe) go ya go mmala wa lamune mo bontsing jwa nako e e fetileng. makgetlo a le mantsi.'"<ref name=":9" /> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabongwe, Wikipedia e ne ya fetola letlalo la yone la thulaganyetsoruri go tswa go [[mw:Skin:Standard|Tlwaelo]] go ya go [[mw:Skin:MonoBook|MonoBook]], segokaganyi se se neng sa nna sa thulaganyo ya ruri mo mafelong a tshedimosetso a Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref>"[[mw:Skin:MonoBook|MonoBook]]". MediaWiki. Retrieved April 30, 2026.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2005 ==== Ka ngwaga wa 2005, Wikipedia e ne ya nna lefelo la tshedimosetso le le ratiwang thata ya ditshupiso mo maranyaneng, go ya ka [[:en:Hitwise|Hitwise]], ka Wikipedia ya Seesemane e le nosi e e fetang dipego di le dikete di le makgolo a supa le botlhano. Dikgoro tsa ntlha tsa Wikipedia tsa dipuo tse dintsi le tsa dirutwa di ne tsa tlhongwa ka ngwaga wa 2005. Kokoanyo ya semmuso ya madi e e neng ya tshwarwa mo kotareng ya ntlha ya ngwaga e ne ya kokoanya mo e ka nnang di dolara tsa lefatshe la Amerika di le dikete tse lekgolo ya go tlhabolola tsamaiso go samagana le tlhokego e e golang. China e ne ya thibela Wikipedia gape ka kgwedi ya Phalane ngwaga wa 2005. Matlhabisaditlhong a ntlha a magolo a Wikipedia, [[:en:Seigenthaler_incident|tiragalo ya ga Seigenthaler]], a diragetse ka ngwaga wa 2005 fa go ne go fitlhelwa gore motho yo o itsegeng thata o na le mokwalo wa botshelo jwa motho jo bo sentsweng jo bo neng bo sa lemogiwe dikgwedi di le dintsi. Morago ga matshwenyego ano le a mangwe,<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons|WP:BLP]] was started on 17 December 2005, with the narrative "I started this due to the Daniel Brandt situation". [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons&oldid=31753956 Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210609020908/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons&oldid=31753956 Archived] 9 June 2021 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]</ref> go ne ga tlhongwa diphetogo tsa ntlha tsa melawana le tsa tsamaiso tse di neng di diretswe ka tlhamalalo go lwantsha mofuta ono wa kgokgontsho. Tse di ne di akaretsa ntšhwafatso e ntšhwa ya molawana wa tshiamelo ya [[m:CheckUser policy|Checkuser]] go thusa mo dipatlisisong tsa [[:en:Sockpuppet_(Internet)|dipopae tsa dikausu]], karolo e ntšhwa e e bidiwang tshireletso ye seng botlalo, molawan o o gagametseng thata wa dibuka tsa botshelo jwa batho ba ba tshelang, le go tshwaya dipego tse di ntseng jalo gore di sekasekwe ka tsela e e gagametseng. Thibelo ya go tlhama dipego tse dišwa go badirisi ba ba kwadisitsweng e ne ya tsenngwa tirisong fela ka kgwedi ya Sedimontholeka ngwaga wa 2005 mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane.<ref>Terdiman, Daniel. "[https://www.cnet.com/culture/growing-pains-for-wikipedia/ Growing pains for Wikipedia"]. CNET. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055529/https://www.cnet.com/culture/growing-pains-for-wikipedia/ Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Wikimania ya ngwaga wa 2005, e leng bokopano jwa ntlha jwa [[:en:Wikimania|Wikimania]], e ne ya tshwarwa go tloga ka letsatsi la bone go fitlha ka letsatsi la borobabobedi ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2005 kwa ''Haus der Jugend'' kwa [[:en:Frankfurt|Frankfurt]], mme ya ngoka batho ba ka nna makgolo a le mararo le masome a borobabobedi ba ba neng ba le teng. ==== Ngwaga wa 2006 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikimania - the Wikimentary.webm|thumb|Wikimania – Tokomane ya Wikimania, filimi e e buang ka Wikimania ngwaga wa 2005, e e nang le [[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Jimmy Wales]] le [[:en:Ward_Cunningham|Ward Cunningham]]]] Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona pego ya yone ya bo ikadike, [[:en:Jordanhill_railway_station|seteišene sa terena sa Jordanhill]], ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo a tlhola letsatsi ,ka ngwaga wa 2006.<ref>Simon, Matt (March 1, 2012). [https://www.wired.com/2012/03/march-1-2006-english-wikipedias-millionth-entry-pulls-into-the-station/https://www.wired.com/2012/03/march-1-2006-english-wikipedias-millionth-entry-pulls-into-the-station/ "March 1, 2006: English Wikipedia's Millionth Entry Pulls Into the Station]". [[:en:Wired_(magazine)|Wired]]. Retrieved April 1, 2024.</ref><ref>Lemon, Sumner (March 2, 2006)[https://www.computerworld.com/article/2563140/millionth-english-article-posted-on-wikipedia.html . "Millionth English article posted on Wikipedia"]. [[:en:Computerworld|''Computerworld'']]. Retrieved April 1, 2024.</ref> Tlhopho ya ntlha ya pego ya Wikipedia e e amogetsweng e ne ya dirwa gore e kgone go laisololwa mahala, mme "Wikipedia" e ne ya kwadisiwa jaaka letshwaokgwebo la Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia. [[:en:United_States_congressional_staff_edits_to_Wikipedia|Matlhabisa ditlhong a]] [[:en:United_States_congressional_staff_edits_to_Wikipedia|mokwalo wa botshelo jwa motho ya bathusi ba phutego]]– ditiragalo tse dintsi tse mo go tsona badiri ba phutego le motsamaisi wa letsholo ba neng ba tshwarwa ba leka go fetola botshelo jwa motho ya Wikipedia ka ha sephiring – a ne a lemogiwa ke setšhaba, mme se sa dira gore motsamaisi wa letsholo a tlogele tiro. Le fa go ntse jalo, Wikipedia e ne ya tsewa e le nngwe ya matshwaokgwebo a matlhano a a kwa godimo a lefatshe ka bophara a ngwaga wa 2006.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070321033410/http://www.brandchannel.com/start1.asp?fa_id=352 "brandchannel.com | branding news]". March 21, 2007. Archived from [http://www.brandchannel.com/start1.asp?fa_id=352 the original] on March 21, 2007. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Jimmy Wales o ne a supa kwa [[:en:Wikimania_2006|Wikimania]] [[:en:Wikimania_2006|wa ngwaga wa 2006]] gore Wikipedia e fitlheletse bogolo jo bo lekaneng mme a kopa gore go gatelelwa boleng, gongwe se se tlhagisitsweng sentle mo pitsong ya [[:en:Wikipedia:100,000_feature-quality_articles|dipego di le dikete tse lekgolo tsa boleng jwa dikarolo]]. Go ne ga tlhamiwa tshiamelo e ntšhwa, "botlhokomedi", e e letlang mefuta e e rileng ya ditsebe tse di bolokilweng tse di nang le diteng tse di sa amogelesegeng go tshwaiwa jaaka tse di sa bonweng. Tshireletso e e seng kalo kgatlhanong le tshenyo e e sa itsiweng, e e neng ya tlhagisiwa ka ngwaga wa 2005, e ne ya itshupa e ratwa thata go feta ka fa go neng go solofetswe ka teng, ka ditsebe di feta dikete tse di neng tsa sirelediwa ka bontlhabongwe ka nako epe fela ka ngwaga wa 2006. ==== Ngwaga wa 2007 ==== Wikipedia e ne ya tswelela go gola ka bonako ka ngwaga wa 2007, e na le diakhaonto tsa barulaganyi tse di kwadisitsweng di feta didikadike di le tlhano ka kgwedi ya Phatwe a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro.<ref>See the special page: [[:en:Special:Statistics|Special:Statistics]]: 5,078,036 registered user accounts as of 13 August 2007, excluding anonymous editors who have not created accounts.</ref> Dikgatiso tsa dipuo di le makgolo a mabedi le botlhano tsa Wikipedia di ne di na le palogotlhe e e kopantsweng ya dipego di le didikadike di le supa ntlha tlhano e leng palogotlhe ya mafoko a le didikadike di le bongwe ntlha supa le bone, ka kgwedi ya Phatwe a tlhola a malatsi a le lesome le boraro .<ref>Source: [[:en:Wikipedia:Size_comparisons|Wikipedia:Size comparisons]] as of 13 August 2007</ref> Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona dipego ka selekanyo se se tlhomameng sa di le sekete se le sengwe le makgolo a supa ka letsatsi,<ref>From around Q3 2006 Wikipedia's growth rate has been approximately linear, source: [[:en:Wikipedia:Statistics|Wikipedia:Statistics]] – new article count by month 2006–2007.</ref> ka leina la kgolagano ya karolo la wikipedia.org le le mo maemong a bo lesome a a naleng ditiro tse dintsi mo lefatsheng. Wikipedia e ne ya tswelela go bonala [[:en:Category:Wikipedia_publicity|mo bobegakgannyeng]] – [[:en:Essjay_controversy|kganetsano ya ga Essjay]] e ne ya runya fa leloko le le tlhageletseng la Wikipedia le ne le fitlhelwa le buile maaka ka dintlha tsa gagwe tsa boitshupo. [[:en:Citizendium|Citizendium]], e leng ensaetlopedia e e gaisanang ya mo maranyaneng, e ne ya thankgololwa phatlalatsa. Tlwaelo e ntšhwa e ne ya tlhagelela mo Wikipedia, ka ensaetlopedia e e neng e bua le batho ba go itsege ga bone go neng go tswa mo go nneng motsayakarolo mo kgannyeng ya dikgang ka go oketsa kaelo go tswa mo leineng la bone go ya kwa kgannyeng e kgolo, go na le go tlhama pego e e tlhaolegileng ya mokwalo wa botshelo jwa motho.[<ref>e.g., cases such as [[:en:Crystal_Mangum|Crystal Mangum]] and Daniel Brandt.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2007, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona pego ya yone ya didikadike di le pedi, [[:en:El_Hormiguero|''El Hormiguero'']].<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20170708005830/https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Press_releases/Wikipedia_Reaches_2_Million_Articles English Wikipedia Reaches 2 Million Articles"]. [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]]. September 9, 2007. Archived from [[foundationsite:wiki/Press_releases/Wikipedia_Reaches_2_Million_Articles|the original]] on July 8, 2017. Retrieved June 3, 2012.</ref> Go ne ga nna le kganetsano nngwe kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2007 fa [[:en:Volapük_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Volapük]] e ne e tlola go tswa ko dipegong di le makgolo a supa, masome a borobabongwe le bosupa go ya go feta dikete tse lekgolo le bongwe le dikete tse pedi, ka bokhutshwane ya nna kgatiso ya bo lesome le botlhano e kgolo go gaisa tsotlhe ya Wikipedia, ka ntlha ya go tlhamiwa ga ditlhogo tse di itirisang ke motlhoafaledi wa puo e e agilweng ya [[:en:Volapük|Volapük]]<ref>"[http://www.pcworld.pl/artykuly/56502/MySpace.kontra.Facebook.html#t_34252 Ciekawe wydarzenia w Internecie]". PC World (Polish) (in Polish). December 1, 2007. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131106024950/http://www.pcworld.pl/artykuly/56502/MySpace.kontra.Facebook.html#t_34252 Archived] from the original on November 6, 2013. Retrieved April 26, 2013.</ref><ref>Yves Nevelsteen (September 15, 2007). [http://www.liberafolio.org/2007/volapukapedio "Volapuko jam superas Esperanton en Vikipedio"]. Libera Folio (in Esperanto). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130329091247/http://www.liberafolio.org/2007/volapukapedio Archived] from the original on March 29, 2013. Retrieved April 26, 2013.</ref>. Go ya ka [[:en:MIT_Technology_Review|''MIT Technology Review,'']] palo ya barulaganyi ba ba tlhagafetseng ka bontsi jwa dinako mo Wikipedia ya puo ya Seesemane e ne ya fitlha kwa setlhoeng ka ngwaga wa 2007 go feta dikete tse masome a matlhano le bongwe, mme fa e sa le ka nako eo e ntse e fokotsega.<ref>Simonite, Tom (October 22, 2013). "[https://www.technologyreview.com/2013/10/22/175674/the-decline-of-wikipedia/ The Decline of Wikipedia]". [[:en:MIT_Technology_Review|MIT Technology Review]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220731083716/https://www.technologyreview.com/2013/10/22/175674/the-decline-of-wikipedia/ Archived] from the original on July 31, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2020.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang kangwaga wa 2007, go ne ga gatisiwa tokololo ya tlhopho ya pego ya Wikipedia ya Mofuta wa 0.5.<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 Wikipedia:Version 1.0 Editorial Team]", Wikipedia, June 12, 2022, [https://web.archive.org/web/20220707222542/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 archived] from the original on July 7, 2022, retrieved June 25, 2022</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2008 ==== [[:en:WikiProject|Mananeo a Wiki]] a a farologaneng mo mafelong a le mantsi a ne a tswelela go atolosa le go tokafatsa diteng tsa pego mo teng ga bogolo jwa tsone. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2008, go ne ga tlhamiwa pego ya Wikipedia ya didikadike di le lesome, mme kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya feta dipego di le didikadike di le dikete tse pedi le botlhano. ==== Ngwaga wa 2009 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2009 ka oura ya masome a mabedi le bobedi le metsotso e le lesome le botlhano mo nakong ya UTC, morago [[:en:Death_of_Michael_Jackson|ga loso lwa ga Michael Jackson]], lefelo la tshedimosetso le ne la phutlhama ka nakwana. [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] o begile gore go ne ga nna le baeng ba ba ka nnang didikadike ba ba neng ba le kwa mokwalong wa botshelo jwa ga Jackson mo lobakeng lwa oura e le nngwe, gongwe e le baeng ba bantsi mo lobakeng lwa oura e le nngwe ba ba neng ba le kwa pegong epe fela mo ditsong tsa Wikipedia. Kwa bokhutlong jwa kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2009, palo ya dipego mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia e ne e fetile didikadike di le lesome le bone .<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140305100104/https://stats.wikimedia.org/EN/TablesArticlesTotal.htm Wikipedia Statistics, Article count (official)]". Wikimedia.org. Archived from [[stats:EN/TablesArticlesTotal.htm|the original]] on March 5, 2014.</ref> Setlhogo sa didikadike di le tharo mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane, [[:en:Beate_Eriksen|Beate Eriksen]], se tlhamilwe ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2009 ka nako ya oura ya bone le metsotso e le metlhano, go ya ka Nako ya Lefatshelotlhe e e Rulagantsweng (UTC).<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2009-08-17/News_and_notes&oldid=309138115 Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2009-08-17/News and notes"], Wikipedia, August 20, 2009, [https://web.archive.org/web/20210609111443/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2009-08-17/News_and_notes&oldid=309138115 archived] from the original on June 9, 2021, retrieved March 16, 2023</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2009, Wikipedia ya Sejeremane e ne ya feta dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe, mme ya nna kgatiso ya bobedi morago ga Wikipedia ya Seesemane go dira jalo. Setlhogo sa [[:en:Time_(magazine)|''TIME'']] se ne sa kwala Wikipedia mo gare ga mafelo a tshedimosetso a a gaisang tsa ngwaga wa 2009.<ref>"[http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1918031_1918016_1917948,00.html Wikipedia – 50 Best Websites 2009]" [https://web.archive.org/web/20111202174857/http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1918031_1918016_1917948,00.html Archived] 2 December 2011 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. TIME. 24 August 2009. Retrieved 24 November 2011.</ref> Diteng tsa Wikipedia di ne tsa fiwa tetla ka fa tlase ga tetla ya [[:en:Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike|Creative Commons ya go Abelana]] ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref>"[[m:Licensing_update/Timeline|Licensing update/Timeline – Meta".]] meta.wikimedia.org. October 30, 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220817062932/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Licensing_update/Timeline Archived] from the original on August 17, 2022. Retrieved August 29, 2022.</ref> === Ngwagasome wa bobedi: ngwaga wa 2010 go ya kwa ngwageng wa 2019 === ==== Ngwaga wa 2010 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a masome a mabedi le bone, ditsamaiso tse di bolokang ditshedimosetso tsa Wikipedia tsa karolo kgolo ya lefatshe e e naleng mafatshe ya Europe di ne tsa tswa mo maranyaneng ka ntlha ya bothata jwa go gotela thata. [[:en:Failover|Go palelwa]] ke ditsamaiso tsa poloko ya tshedimosetso kwa Florida go ne ga itshupa go robegile, ga dira gore tharabololo ya [[:en:Domain_Name_System|DNS]] ya Wikipedia e palelwe go ralala lefatshe. Bothata bo ne jwa rarabololwa ka bonako, mme ka ntlha ya ditlamorago tsa go boloka DNS, mafelo mangwe a ne a le bonya go kgona go bona Wikipedia gape go feta a mangwe.<ref>Bergsma, Mark (March 24, 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20100327123357/http://techblog.wikimedia.org/2010/03/global-outage-cooling-failure-and-dns/ "Global Outage (cooling failure and DNS)"]. Wikimedia Technical Blog. Archived from [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2010/03/global-outage-cooling-failure-and-dns/ the original] on March 27, 2010. Retrieved March 30, 2010.</ref><ref>Perez, Juan Carlos (March 25, 2010). [https://www.pcworld.com/article/192410/wikipedia_suffers_global_collapse.html "Wikipedia Suffers Global Collapse"]. PC World. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100329132858/http://www.pcworld.com/article/192410/wikipedia_suffers_global_collapse.html Archived] from the original on March 29, 2010. Retrieved March 30, 2010.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganonga tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro, lefelo la tshedimosetso le ne la golola sebopego se sesha sa yone. Dikarolo tse disha di ne di akaretsa letshwao le le ntšha, didirisiwa tse di ntšha tsa go tsamaya mo lefelong la tshedimosetso le, le sedirisiwa sa go thusa go tlhama dikgokagano<ref name=":17">"[https://web.archive.org/web/20100822062045/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special%3AUsabilityInitiativePrefSwitch New features]". [[:en:Wikipedia|Wikipedia]]. Archived from [[:en:Special:UsabilityInitiativePrefSwitch|the original]] on August 22, 2010. Retrieved September 6, 2010.</ref>. Le fa go ntse jalo, sebopego sa bogologolo se ne sa tswelela se le teng gore se dirisiwe ke ba ba neng ba batla go tswelela ba se dirisa. Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bobedi, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya feta palo ya ditlhogo di le didikadike di le dikete tse tharo le botlhano fa setlhogo sa sedikadike sa ntlha sa Wikipedia ya Sefora se ne sa tlhamiwa ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bongwe. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro, go ne ga dirwa tokafatso ya sedikadike ya ntlha mo mananeong otlhe a Wikimedia. Mo tshimologong ya ngwaga wa 2010, go ne ga gatisiwa kgatiso ya Wikipedia Version 0.7, e e neng e na le tlhopho ya dipego.<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 Wikipedia:Version 1.0 Editorial Team"], Wikipedia, June 12, 2022, [https://web.archive.org/web/20220707222542/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 archived] from the original on July 7, 2022, retrieved June 25, 2022</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2011 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Armwikicake.png|thumb|Nngwe ya [[c:Wikipedia 10 Photo gallery#Wikipedia_10_Cakes|dikuku di le mmalwa]] tse di dirilweng go keteka ngwaga wa bo lesome wa Wikipedia ka ngwaga wa 2011<ref>[[tenwiki:Main_Page|"Wikipedia 10"]]. Ten.wikipedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131231212611/http://ten.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page Archived] from the original on December 31, 2013. Retrieved February 26, 2014.</ref>]] Wikipedia le badirisi ba yone ba ne ba tshwara meletlo e le mentsi lefatshe ka bophara go gopola [[:en:Wikipedia:10_years_of_Wikipedia|ngwaga wa bo]] [[:en:Wikipedia:10_years_of_Wikipedia|lesome]] wa lefelo leo ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano.<ref>Wikipedia celebrates a decade of edit wars, controversy, and Internet dominance [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2011/011111-wikipedia-decade.html?hpg1=bn networkworld.com] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120315204326/http://www.networkworld.com/news/2011/011111-wikipedia-decade.html?hpg1=bn Archived] 15 March 2012 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]</ref> Lefelo leo le ne la simolola maiteko a go atolosa kgolo ya lone kwa India, mme la tshwara bokopano jwa lone jwa ntlha jwa India kwa Mumbai ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2011.<ref>Vaidyanathan, Rajini (November 19, 2011). [https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-15803308 "Wikipedia hosts India conference amid expansion push"]. BBC News. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055525/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-15803308 Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN1116765620110112 "Wikipedia, 10 years old, targets India]". Reuters. January 12, 2011. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110114211053/http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN1116765620110112 Archived] from the original on January 14, 2011. Retrieved January 13, 2011.</ref> [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] e fetile letshwao la dipego di le didikadike di le dikete tse tharo le botlhano ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a mabedi, mme ya fitlha go dipego di le didikadike di le dikete tse tharo le borobabobedi ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola malatsia le lesome le borobabobedi. Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola malatsia le supa ka ngwaga wa 2011, [[:en:German_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejeremane]] e ne ya feta diphetogo tsa ditsebe di le didikadike di le lekgolo, mme ya nna kgatiso ya bobedi ya puo go dira jalo morago ga kgatiso ya Seesemane, e e neng ya fitlhelela diphetogo tsa ditsebe di le didikadike di le makgolo a matlhano ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola malatsi a le masome le bobedile bone ka ngwaga wa 2011. [[:en:Dutch_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sedatšhe]] e ne ya feta dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le lesomele bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2011 e nna kgatiso ya bone go dira jalo. Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo a tlhola malatsi a le mararo ka ngwaga wa 2011, go ne ga gatisiwa kgololo ya tlhopho ya pego ya Wikipedia ya Mofuta wa 0.8.<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_0.8&oldid=998970578 Wikipedia:Version 0.8"], Wikipedia, January 7, 2021, [https://web.archive.org/web/20220705013507/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_0.8&oldid=998970578 archived] from the original on July 5, 2022, retrieved June 25, 2022</ref> Setempe sa "Wikimania 2011 – Haifa, Iseraele" se ne sa ntshiwa ke Israel Post ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola malatsi a le mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2011. Se e ne e le setempe sa ntlha se se neng se neetswe lenaneo le le amanang le Wikimedia. Magareng ga malatsi a mane le borataro a kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2011, [[:en:Italian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Italy]] e ne ya nna e e sa fitlhelegeng ka bomo go ipelaetsa kgatlhanong le molao o o tshitshintsweng wa [[:en:Italian_Parliament|Palamente ya Italy]] wa [[:en:DDL_intercettazioni|DDL intercettazioni]], o, fa o ka amogelwa, o neng o tla letla motho ope fela go pateletsa mafelo a tshedimosetso go ntsha tshedimosetso e e tsewang e le e e seng boammaaruri kgotsa e e kgopisang, kwantle ga go ntsha bosupi.<ref>[https://www.pcmag.com/archive/italian-wikipedia-hidden-to-protest-wiretap-law-288689 "Italian Wikipedia Hidden To Protest WireTap Law"]. PC Magazine. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055529/https://www.pcmag.com/archive/italian-wikipedia-hidden-to-protest-wiretap-law-288689 Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Gape ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2011, Wikimedia e ne ya itsise go simololwa ga [[:en:Wikipedia_Zero|Wikipedia Zero]], e leng letsholo la go kgontsha phitlhelelo ya mahala ya megala ya mosokela tsebeng mo Wikipedia mo ditshebang tse di tlhabologang ka tirisanommogo le badirisi ba megala ya mosokela tsebeng.<ref>Kapoor, Amit (October 26, 2011). [https://blog.wikimedia.org/2011/10/26/wikipedia-seeks-global-operator-partners-to-enable-free-access/ "Wikipedia seeks global operator partners to enable free access]". Wikimedia blog. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150717070411/http://blog.wikimedia.org/2011/10/26/wikipedia-seeks-global-operator-partners-to-enable-free-access/ Archived] from the original on July 17, 2015.</ref><ref>"[[mw:Wikipedia_Zero|Wikipedia Zero]]". MediaWiki. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120529101704/http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikipedia_Zero Archived] from the original on May 29, 2012. Retrieved May 27, 2012.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2012 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikimedia Foundation Wikipedia Blackout SOPA January 18, 2012.theora.ogv|thumb|Babereki ba kwa [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlhong wa Wikimedia]] ka nako ya fa go ne go kgaoga emisiwa tirelo ya lefelo la tshedimosetso mo SOPA]] Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlholamalatsi a le lesome le borataro, motlhami-mmogo wa Wikipedia [[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Jimmy Wales]] o ne a itsise gore Wikipedia ya Seesemane e tla [[:en:2012_Wikipedia_blackout|tswallwa ruri]] dioura di le masome a mabedi le bone ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e le lesome le borobabobedi jaaka karolo ya boipelaetso jo bo neng bo ikaeletse go bitsa tlhokomelo ya setšhaba mo Molaong o o tshitshintsweng wa go [[:en:Stop_Online_Piracy_Act|Emisa Borukhutlhi jwa Inthanete]] le [[:en:PROTECT_IP_Act|Molao wa PROTECT IP]] , e leng melao e mebedi e e [[:en:Copyright_infringement|kgatlhanong le borukhutlhi jwa dithoto tsa bakwadi]] jwa [[:en:United_States_Congress|puthego ya United States]] ka fa tlase ga ngangisano. Ba ne ba bitsa kemiso ya tirelo ye ya lefelo la tshedimosetso "tshwetso ya baagi", Wales le baganetsi ba bangwe ba melao ba ne ba dumela gore e tla tsenya puo e e gololesegileng le boitshimololedi jwa mo inthaneteng mo kotsing.<ref>Ortenzi, T. J. (January 17, 2012). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/blogpost/post/wikipedia-blackout-coming-jan-18-says-co-founder-jimmy-wales/2012/01/16/gIQAh2Ke3P_blog.html "Wikipedia blackout coming Wednesday, says co-founder Jimmy Wales"]. The Washington Post. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160306052240/https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/blogpost/post/wikipedia-blackout-coming-jan-18-says-co-founder-jimmy-wales/2012/01/16/gIQAh2Ke3P_blog.html Archived] from the original on March 6, 2016. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Go emisa tirelo ga nakwana mo go tshwanang le mo go ne ga dirwa ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome ke [[:en:Russian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Russia,]] go ipelaetsa kgatlhanong le molao o o tshitshintsweng wa taolo ya inthanete ya Russia.<ref>[https://www.express.co.uk/news/world/332016/Russian-Wikipedia-shuts-in-protest "Russian Wikipedia shuts in protest]". UKPA via Google. July 10, 2012.</ref> Mo bokhutlong jwa kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2012, [[m:Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]] e ne ya itsise ka [[:en:Wikidata|Wikidata]], e leng boalo jwa lefatshe lotlhe jwa go abelana tshedimosetso fa gare ga dikgatiso tsotlhe tsa dipuo tsa Wikipedia.<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/wikipedia/posts/158388724283345 "Wikidata announcement on Facebook]". Wikimedia Deutschland. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160101031943/https://www.facebook.com/wikipedia/posts/158388724283345 Archived] from the original on January 1, 2016. Retrieved October 28, 2015.</ref><ref>Chalabi, Mona (April 26, 2013). "[https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2013/apr/26/wikidata-launch Welcome to Wikidata! Now what?]". [https://web.archive.org/web/20211002152920/https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2013/apr/26/wikidata-launch Archived] from the original on October 2, 2021. Retrieved October 2, 2021.</ref> Lenaneo la Wikidata la didolara di le didikadike di le sekete le bosupa tsa Amerika e ne e tlamelwa ke Google, [[:en:Gordon_and_Betty_Moore_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Gordon le Betty Moore]], le Setheo sa Allen sa Botlhale jwa Maitirelo<ref>Terdiman, Daniel. [https://www.cnet.com/culture/wikidata-to-provide-structured-data-for-all-wikipedia-versions/ "Wikidata to provide structured data for all Wikipedia versions"]. CNET. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055527/https://www.cnet.com/culture/wikidata-to-provide-structured-data-for-all-wikipedia-versions/ Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Wikimedia Deutschland e ne ya tsaya maikarabelo a kgato ya ntlha ya Wikidata, mme kwa tshimologong e ne e rulagantse go dira gore boalo bo nne teng mo barulaganying ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2012. Kgato ya ntlha ya Wikidata e ne ya simolola go dira ka botlalo ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2013.<ref>Perez, Sarah (March 30, 2012). [https://techcrunch.com/2012/03/30/wikipedias-next-big-thing-wikidata-a-machine-readable-user-editable-database-funded-by-google-paul-allen-and-others/ "Wikipedia's Next Big Thing: Wikidata, A Machine-Readable, User-Editable Database Funded By Google, Paul Allen And Others]". TechCrunch. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120817042610/http://techcrunch.com/2012/03/30/wikipedias-next-big-thing-wikidata-a-machine-readable-user-editable-database-funded-by-google-paul-allen-and-others/ Archived] from the original on August 17, 2012.</ref><ref name=":13">Pintscher, Lydia (February 13, 2013). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130219054033/http://blog.wikimedia.de/2013/02/13/wikidata-live-on-the-english-wikipedia/ "Wikidata live on the English Wikipedia]". Wikimedia Deutschland. Archived from [[the original]] on February 19, 2013. Retrieved February 15, 2013.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Justin Anthony Knapp (cropped).jpg|thumb|Justin Knapp]] Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2012, [[:en:Justin_Knapp|Justin Knapp]] o ne a nna mokwadi wa ntlha a le mongwe go dira diphetogo tse di fetang sedikadike se le sengwe mo Wikipedia.<ref>Titcomb, James (April 20, 2012). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/wikipedia/9215151/First-man-to-make-1-million-Wikipedia-edits.html "First man to make 1 million Wikipedia edits".] The Daily Telegraph. [https://web.archive.org/web/20151119233646/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/wikipedia/9215151/First-man-to-make-1-million-Wikipedia-edits.html Archived] from the original on November 19, 2015. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>Skelton, Alissa (April 24, 2012). [https://mashable.com/archive/wikipedia-volunteer-editor "Wikipedia Volunteer Editor Reaches 1 Million Edits"]. Mashable. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055529/https://mashable.com/archive/wikipedia-volunteer-editor Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Jimmy Wales o ne a akgola Knapp ka tiro ya gagwe mme a mo fa sekgele sa lefelo la tshedimosetso e le sa ''Barnstar'' ''e e'' ''Kgethegileng s'' le kabelo ya ''Golden Wiki'' ka ntlha ya phitlhelelo ya gagwe.<ref>"[https://www.engadget.com/2012/04/20/one-million-wikipedia-edits/ Hardest working man on the internet passes one million Wikipedia edits".] Engadget. April 20, 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120820003926/http://www.engadget.com/2012/04/20/one-million-wikipedia-edits Archived] from the original on August 20, 2012. Retrieved September 3, 2012.</ref> Wales gape e ne ya bolela gore kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi e tla nna "Letsatsi la ga Justin Knapp".<ref>Skelton, Alissa (April 23, 2012). [http://mashable.com/2012/04/23/wikipedia-volunteer-editor/ "Wikipedia Volunteer Editor Reaches 1 Million Edits"]. Mashable. [https://web.archive.org/web/20151119235227/http://mashable.com/2012/04/23/wikipedia-volunteer-editor/ Archived] from the original on November 19, 2015. Retrieved October 24, 2012.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2012, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona dipego tsa yone tsa didikadike di le nne, [[:en:Ezbet_El_Borg|Izbat al-Burj]].<ref>[http://blog.wikimedia.org.uk/2012/07/english-language-wikipedia-hits-4-million-articles/ "English language Wikipedia hits 4 million articles]!". [[:en:Wikimedia_UK|Wikimedia UK]] Blog. Wikimedia UK. July 13, 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121222030833/http://blog.wikimedia.org.uk/2012/07/english-language-wikipedia-hits-4-million-articles/ Archived] from the original on December 22, 2012. Retrieved July 13, 2012.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2012, raditso le morulaganyi wa Wikipedia [[:en:Richard_J._Jensen|Richard J. Jensen]] o ne a ntsha mogopolo wa gore Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne e "gaufi le go wediwa", a tlhokomela gore palo ya barulaganyi ba ba dirang ka dinako tsotlhe e ne e wetse tlase thata fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 2007, le fa Wikipedia e ne e gola ka bonako mo palong ya dipego le mo babading.<ref>Rosen, Rebecca J. (October 25, 2012). [https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/10/surmounting-the-insurmountable-wikipedia-is-nearing-completion-in-a-sense/264111/ "Surmounting the Insurmountable: Wikipedia Is Nearing Completion, in a Sense]". The Atlantic. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121028064456/http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/10/surmounting-the-insurmountable-wikipedia-is-nearing-completion-in-a-sense/264111/ Archived] from the original on October 28, 2012. Retrieved October 27, 2012.</ref> Go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Inthanete ya Alexa]], Wikipedia e ne e le lefelo la tshedimosetso la borataro le le tumileng thata mo lefatsheng go tloga ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2012.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org "Amazon Alexa]". alexa.com. Archived from [https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org the original] on August 25, 2020. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> [[:en:AllThingsD|Dow Jones]] e ne ya baya Wikipedia mo maemong a botlhano lefatshe ka bophara go tloga ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2012.<ref>[http://allthingsd.com/20121220/the-fifth-biggest-site-in-the-world-operated-on-a-budget-of-27m-last-year "The Fifth-Biggest Site in the World Operated on a Budget of $27M Last Year"]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131206225138/http://allthingsd.com/20121220/the-fifth-biggest-site-in-the-world-operated-on-a-budget-of-27m-last-year/ Archived] from the original on December 6, 2013. Retrieved December 3, 2013., by Liz Gannes; AllThingsD became a subsidiary of Dow Jones & Company Inc in 2005 and was absorbed into [[:en:The_Wall_Street_Journal|WSJ.com]] during 2013.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2013 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:Italian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya SeItaly]] e ne ya nna kgatiso ya botlhano ya puo ya Wikipedia go feta dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe, fa Wikipedia ya [[:en:Russian_Wikipedia|Se-Russia]] le ya [[:en:Spanish_Wikipedia|Sespanishe]] e ne ya oketsega ka dipego tsa tsone tsa sedikadike ka malatsi a le lesome le bongwe le lesome le borataro a kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka go latelana. Ka letsatsi la lesome le botlhano la kgwedi ya Phukwi di-Wikipedia tsa [[:en:Polish_Wikipedia|Se-Sweden]] le ka Lwetse a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bone tsa [[:en:Polish_Wikipedia|Se-Poland]] di ne tsa bona dipego tsa tsone tsa didikadike, mme tsa nna dikgatiso tsa borobabobedi le tsa borobongwe tsa Wikipedia go dira jalo. Ka letsatsi la masome a mabedi le bosaupa la kgwedi ya Ferikgong, [[:en:Main_belt_asteroid|asteroid ya konokono ya lebanta]] [[:en:274301_Wikipedia|274301]] e ne ya bidiwa semmuso "Wikipedia" ke [[:en:Committee_for_Small_Body_Nomenclature#Minor_planets|Komiti ya Maina a Mmele o Mennye]].<ref>Workman, Robert (February 5, 2013). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130206105134/http://www.technewsdaily.com/16749-asteroid-named-wikipedia.html "Asteroid Re-Named 'Wikipedia'"]. [[:en:TechMediaNetwork,_Inc.|TechNewsDaily]]. Archived from [http://www.technewsdaily.com/16749-asteroid-named-wikipedia.html the original] on February 6, 2013. Retrieved February 7, 2013.</ref> Kgato ya ntlha ya polokelo ya tshedimosetso ya [[:en:Wikidata|Wikidata]], e e neng e tlamela ka dikgokagano tsa dipuo tse di farologaneng le tshedimosetso e nngwe ka go itirisa, e ne ya nna teng mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2013.<ref name=":13" /> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:Direction_centrale_du_renseignement_intérieur|tirelo ya sephiri ya Fora]] e ne ya bonwa molato ka go leka go tlhotlhomisa Wikipedia ka go tshosetsa moithaopi wa Wikipedia ka go tshwarwa ntle le fa "tshedimosetso ya sephiri" ka ga [[:en:Pierre-sur-Haute_military_radio_station|seteišene sa radio sa sesole]] e ka phimolwa.<ref>Willsher, Kim (April 7, 2013). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/apr/07/french-secret-service-wikipedia-page "French secret service accused of censorship over Wikipedia page"]. The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20130930145033/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/apr/07/french-secret-service-wikipedia-page Archived] from the original on September 30, 2013. Retrieved April 9, 2013.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Wikimania 2013 - VisualEditor - The present and future of editing our wikis.webm|thumb|Pontsho ka ga [[:en:VisualEditor|Motseleganyi wa Ditshwantsho]] wa Wikipedia]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi, go ne ga simololwa thulaganyo ya go fetola ya [[:en:VisualEditor|VisualEditor]], e e neng ya bopa kgato ya ntlha ya maiteko a go letla gore dipego di fetotswe ka segokaganyi se se tshwanang le sa [[:en:Word_processor|setlhagisa mafoko]] go na le go dirisa [[:en:Wiki_markup|tshwao ya wiki]].<ref name=":18">Arthur, Charles (July 2, 2013). [https://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2013/jul/02/rabbit-contact-lens "Boot up: wireless contact lens, Wikipedia's visual editing, Samsung's share slide and more"]. The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131104201314/http://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2013/jul/02/rabbit-contact-lens Archived] from the original on November 4, 2013. Retrieved July 2, 2013.</ref> Go ne ga simololwa gape le morulaganyi yo o diretsweng [[:en:Smartphone|megala ya letheka ya segompieno]] le didirisiwa tse dingwe tsa megala ya mosokela tsebeng.<ref name=":19">Gonera, Juliusz (July 25, 2013). "[[diffblog:2013/07/25/edit-wikipedia-on-the-go/|Edit Wikipedia on the go]]". Diff. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230325104612/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2013/07/25/edit-wikipedia-on-the-go/ Archived] from the original on March 25, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2014 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikipedia Edit 2014.webm|left|thumb|Tshekatsheko ya sesupa ditshwantso sa diteng tsa Wikipedia ka ngwaga wa 2014, e rotloetsa babogedi go tseleganya Wikipedia]] Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2014, lenaneo la go dira kgatiso e e gatisitsweng ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane, e e nang le bogolo bo le sekete le ditsebe di feta didikadike di le dingwe le dikete di le lekgolo, e ne ya simololwa ke batsayakarolo ba Wikipedia ya Sejeremane.<ref name=":10" /> Lenaneo le ne le batla matlole ka [[:en:Indiegogo|Indiegogo]], mme e ne e ikaeletse go tlotla meneelo ya barulaganyi ba Wikipedia.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/feb/20/wikipedia-1000-volume-print-edition-crowdfunding "Wikipedia 1,000-volume print edition planned"]. The Guardian. February 20, 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140311014332/http://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/feb/20/wikipedia-1000-volume-print-edition-crowdfunding Archived] from the original on March 11, 2014. Retrieved April 12, 2014.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2014, sefikantswe sa ntlha sa Wikipedia se ne sa bulwa kwa toropong ya Poland ya Slubice.<ref>Day, Matthew (October 10, 2014). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/poland/11153603/Polish-town-to-build-statue-honouring-Wikipedia.html "Polish town to build statue honouring Wikipedia"]. The Daily Telegraph. [https://web.archive.org/web/20141011191441/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/poland/11153603/Polish-town-to-build-statue-honouring-Wikipedia.html Archived] from the original on October 11, 2014. Retrieved October 11, 2014.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola letsatsi le le borobabobedi, lesome le botlhano ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo, le kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2014, [[:en:Waray_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Waray]], [[:en:Vietnamese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Vietnam]] le [[:en:Cebuano_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Cebuano]] nngwe le nngwe ya tsone e ne ya feta letshwao la pego e le sedikadike se le sengwe. E ne e le Wikipedia ya bolesome, ya bolesome le bongwe le ya bolesom le bobedi go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Le fa di ne di na le badirisi ba le mmalwa fela ba ba matlhagatlhaga, di-Wikipedia tsa puo ya Se-Waray le Se-Cebuano di ne di na le palo e e kwa godimo ya dipego tse di tlhamilweng ka go itirisa tse di tlhamilweng ke di roboto. ==== Ngwaga wa 2015 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikipedia 5 million articles milestone video November 2015.ogv|thumb|Ditshwantsho tse di tshikinyegang tse di tshwayang phitlhelelo ya Wikipedia ya Setswana ya dipego di le didikadike di le tlhano ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e le letsatsi ka ngwaga wa 2015]] Mo bogareng jwa ngwaga wa 2015, Wikipedia e ne e le lefelo la tshedimosetso ya bosupa e e tumileng thata mo lefatsheng go ya [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Maranyane a Alexa]] ,<ref name=":14">[http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org# "Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20171009035134/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on October 9, 2017. Retrieved October 9, 2017.</ref> e ne e le kwa tlase ka lefelo le le lengwe go tswa mo maemong a e neng e le mo go one ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2012. Kwa tshimologong ya ngwaga wa 2015, Wikipedia e ne ya nna ensaetlopedia e kgolo go gaisa tsotlhe ya kitsokakaretso mo inthaneteng, ka palogotlhe e e kopantsweng ya dipego tse di fetang didikadike di le masome a mararo le borataro tsa lefelo le legolo mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a borobabongwe le bongwe.<ref name=":12" /> Ka palogare, Wikipedia e amogela palogotlhe ya dipono tsa ditsebe tsa lefatshe lotlhe di le dibilione di le lesome go tswa mo baeting ba ba kgethegileng ba ka nna didikadike di le makgolo a mane le masome a borobabongwe le botlhano kgwedi le kgwedi,<ref name=":10" /><ref>[[stats:wikimedia/squids/SquidReportPageViewsPerCountryOverview.htm|"Wikimedia Statistics"]]. April 20, 2011. [https://web.archive.org/web/20111020212633/http://stats.wikimedia.org/wikimedia/squids/SquidReportPageViewsPerCountryOverview.htm Archived] from the original on October 20, 2011. Retrieved October 14, 2011.</ref> go akaretsa le baeng ba le didikadike di le masome a borobabobedi le botlhano go tswa kwa lefatsheng la United States fela,<ref name=":11" /> kwa e leng lefelo la borataro le le ratiwang thata.<ref name=":14" /> [[Setshwantsho:Print Wikipedia (no subtitles).webm|thumb|Motaki [[:en:Michael_Mandiberg|Michael Mandiberg]] o bua ka [[:en:Print_Wikipedia|Wikipedia e e Gatisitsweng]].]] [[:en:Print_Wikipedia|Gatisa Wikipedia]] e ne e le lenaneo la botaki le le dirilweng ke [[:en:Michael_Mandiberg|Michael Mandiberg]] le le neng la dira gore go nne le bokgoni jwa go gatisa bogolo jwa volume di le dikete tse supa ,makgolo a mane le masome a supa le boraro tsa Wikipedia jaaka e ne e le teng ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a supa ka ngwaga wa 2015. Bogolo jwa volume nngwe le nngwe e na le ditsebe di le makgolo a le supa mme ke di le lekgolo le lesome fela tse di gatisitsweng ke motaki.<ref>Schuessler, Jennifer (June 16, 2015). [https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/17/books/moving-wikipedia-from-computer-to-many-many-bookshelves.html "Moving Wikipedia From Computer to Many, Many Bookshelves"]. [[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20161202120645/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/17/books/moving-wikipedia-from-computer-to-many-many-bookshelves.html Archived] from the original on December 2, 2016. Retrieved December 24, 2016.</ref> Ka letsatsi le le lengwe la kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2015, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e fitlheletse dipego di le didikadike tse tlhano ka go tlhamiwa ga pego ka ga [[:en:Persoonia_terminalis|''Persoonia terminalis'']], mofuta wa setlhatshana. Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boraro, Wikipedia e ne ya amogela [[:en:Princess_of_Asturias_Awards|''Sekgele sa Kgosigatsana ya Asturias sa Tirisanommogo ya Boditšhabatšhaba.'']]<ref>"[https://elpais.com/tecnologia/2015/06/17/actualidad/1434535111_709353.html Wikipedia, Premio Princesa de Asturias de Cooperación]". El País (in Spanish). June 17, 2015. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1134-6582 1134-6582]. Retrieved February 4, 2026.</ref><ref>Poyo, Ana (October 22, 2015). [https://www.vogue.es/moda/news/articulos/agenda-premios-princesa-asturias-2015-ceremonia-entrega-reyes-felipe-letizia-mejores-looks-leonor-de-borbon/23909 "Los Premios Princesa de Asturias 2015 (al detalle)"]. ''Vogue España'' (in European Spanish). Retrieved February 4, 2026.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2016 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le le lesome le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2016, [[:en:Japanese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejapane]] e ne ya feta letshwao la dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe, mme ya nna Wikipedia ya bolesometharo go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Setlhogo sa sedidikadike se ne se le sa Wave 224, e leng sekepe sa ka fa tlase ga metsi sa [[:en:World_War_II|Ntwa ya Lefatshe ya bobedi]] sa Sesole sa Lewatle sa Bogosi jwa Japane. Mo bogareng jwa ngwaga wa 2016, Wikipedia e ne ya nna gape lefelo la tshedimosetso la borataro le le tumileng thata mo lefatsheng go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]],<ref>"[http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org# Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160706214359/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on July 6, 2016. Retrieved July 7, 2016.</ref> e tlhatlogile ka lefelo le le lengwe go tswa mo maemong a e neng e le mo go one mo ngwageng o o fetileng. ==== Ngwaga wa 2017 ==== Mo bogareng jwa ngwaga wa 2017, Wikipedia e ne ya kwalwa jaaka lefelo la tshedimosetso ya botlhano e e ratiwang thata mo lefatsheng go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]],<ref>"[http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org# Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170704011642/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on July 4, 2017. Retrieved July 4, 2017.</ref> e tlhatlogile lefelo le le lengwe go tswa mo maemong a e neng e le mo go one mo ngwageng o o fetileng. Wikipedia Zero e dirilwe gore e nne teng kwa Iraq le kwa Afganistan. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabongwe 2017, [[:en:Block_of_Wikipedia_in_Turkey|go fitlhelela Wikipedia mo maranayaneng go ne ga thibelwa mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo kwa Turkey]] ke balaodi ba Turkey. Go thibelwa mo go ne ga tswelela go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano,ka ngwaga wa 2020, ka gonne [[:en:Judicial_system_of_Turkey|kgotlatshekelo ya Turkey]] e ne ya atlhola gore thibelo e e tlola ditshwanelo tsa batho. [[:en:Japanese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejapane]] e e tsenngwang mokgwa wa tshireletso kwa China fa e sale ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole a tlhola malatsia le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2017.<ref>[https://en.greatfire.org/https/ja.wikipedia.org "ja.wikipedia.org]". ''[[:en:GreatFire|GreatFire]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180120065845/https://en.greatfire.org/https/ja.wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on January 20, 2018. Retrieved April 7, 2018.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2018 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2018, palo ya dipego tsa [[:en:Chinese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Setšhaena]] e ne ya feta sedikadike se le sengwe mme ya nna Wikipedia ya bolesome le bone go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Wikipedia ya Setšhaena e thibetswe kwa [[:en:Mainland_China|Nagengkgolo ya China]] fa e sale ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 2015.<ref>[https://www.theverge.com/2015/9/4/9260981/jimmy-wales-wikipedia-china "Wikipedia founder defends decision to encrypt the site in China".] September 4, 2015. Archived from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved April 17, 2018.</ref> Moragonyana mo ngwageng, ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borataro , [[:en:Portuguese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sepotokisi]] e ne ya feta letshwao la dipego di le sedikadike ose le sengwe, ya nna Wikipedia ya bolesome le botlhano go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Setlhogo sa sedikadike e ne e le [[:pt:Perdão de Richard Nixon|Perdão de Richard Nixon]] ([[:en:Pardon_of_Richard_Nixon|Tshwarelo ya ga Richard Nixon)]]. Ka ngwaga wa2018, Wikipedia e ne ya boloka lenaane la yone jaaka lefelo la tshedimosetso ya botlhano e e ratiwang thata mo lefatsheng go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Inthanete ya Alexa]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org "Wikipedia.org Traffic, Demographics and Competitors – Alexa"]. alexa.com. Archived from the original on August 25, 2020. Retrieved October 28, 2018.</ref> Ntlha nngwe e e tlhomologileng e ne e le tiriso ya [[:en:Artificial_Intelligence|Botlhale jwa Maitirelo]] go tlhama dipego tse di kwadilweng ka ditlhogo tse di neng di tlhokomologilwe.<ref>"[https://www.theverge.com/2018/8/8/17663544/ai-scientists-wikipedia-primer AI spots 40,000 prominent scientists overlooked by Wikipedia]". The Verge. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180809023533/https://www.theverge.com/2018/8/8/17663544/ai-scientists-wikipedia-primer Archived] from the original on August 9, 2018. Retrieved October 28, 2018.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2019 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola masome a mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2019, balaodi ba China ba ne ba atolosa Wikipedia go nna mefuta ya dipuo tsotlhe.<ref>Gandolfo, Ryan. "[http://www.thatsmags.com/beijing/post/27660/wikipedia-currently-down-in-china Wikipedia Currently Down in China"]. That's Beijing. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190424081614/http://www.thatsmags.com/beijing/post/27660/wikipedia-currently-down-in-china Archived] from the original on April 24, 2019. Retrieved April 24, 2019.</ref><ref>Sukhbir Singh; Arturo Filastò; Maria Xynou (May 4, 2019). [https://ooni.io/post/2019-china-wikipedia-blocking/ "China is now blocking all language editions of Wikipedia"]. Open Observatory of Network Interference. Retrieved May 7, 2019. The following chart, based on OONI data, illustrates that multiple language editions of Wikipedia have been blocked in China as of April 2019.{...}OONI measurements show that many of these Wikipedia domains were previously accessible, but all measurements collected from 25 April 2019 onwards present the same DNS anomalies for all Wikipedia sub-domains.{...}Based on these tests, we were able to conclude that China Telecom does in fact block all language editions of Wikipedia by means of both DNS injection and SNI filtering.</ref> Nako ya go thibela e ne ya tsamaisana le [[:en:30th_anniversary_of_the_1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests|ngwaga wa masome a mararo a segopotso]] wa [[:en:1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre|ditshupetso le polao ya batho ba le bantsi kwa Tiananmen Square ka ngwaga wa 1989]] le ngwaga wa bo lekgolo wa [[:en:May_Fourth_Movement|Mokgatlho wa Motsheganong wa Bone]], mme seo sa felela ka gore [[:en:Internet_censorship_in_China|inthanete e tlhotlhomisiwe thata kwa China.]]<ref>[https://www.news18.com/news/world/ahead-of-tiananmen-anniversary-chinese-government-blocks-wikipedia-2142621.html "Ahead of Tiananmen Anniversary, Chinese Government Blocks Wikipedia"]. News18. May 15, 2019. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190602223335/https://www.news18.com/news/world/ahead-of-tiananmen-anniversary-chinese-government-blocks-wikipedia-2142621.html Archived] from the original on June 2, 2019. Retrieved June 2, 2019.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2019, go ya ka Alexa.com, Wikipedia e ne ya wela tlase go tswa mo maemong a botlhano go ya kwa maemong a bosupa mo lefelong la tshedimosetso mo lefatsheng ka ntlha ya go dirisa inthanete mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org wikipedia.org Competitive Analysis, Marketing Mix and Traffic – Alexa"]. alexa.com. Archived from [https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org the original] on August 25, 2020. Retrieved February 10, 2018.</ref> Ka one ngwaga oo, kopololo ya Wikipedia e ne ya romelwa kwa Ngweding, e le karolo ya [[:en:Arch_Mission_Foundation|lefelo la go bala la Arch Lunar]]. Ka ntlha ya go palelwa, sefofane se se dirisang mollo go fofa se ne sa thula mo godimo ga Ngwedi, mme, ka ntlha ya tiriso ya di polokelo tse di kgethegileng, tse di kgonang go emelana le nickel, go dumelwa gore kopololo e ne ya falola go thula.<ref>Taylor, Chris (April 17, 2019). [https://mashable.com/article/moon-library-beresheet-crash-wikipedia "There may be a copy of Wikipedia somewhere on the moon. Here's how to help find it"]. Mashable. Retrieved March 30, 2026.</ref> === Ngwagasome wa boraro: 2020–gompieno === Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa 2020, setlhogo sa didikadike di le thataro, e leng lokwalo la botshelo lwa ga [[:en:Maria_Elise_Turner_Lauder|Maria Elise Turner Lauder,]] se ne sa tsenngwa mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane. Le fa go ne go na le kgolo e ya dipego, go dirisana ga Wikipedia mo inthaneteng ya lefatshe lotlhe, jaaka go lekanngwa ke Alexa, go ne ga tswelela go fokotsega. Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2020, Wikipedia e ne ya wela mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ya bolesome le bongwe mo lefatsheng ka ntlha ya go dirisa inthanete mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref name=":15">[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org "wikipedia.org Competitive Analysis, Marketing Mix and Traffic – Alexa"]. alexa.com. Archived from [https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org the original] on August 25, 2020. Retrieved February 10, 2018.</ref> Bobedi jwa go bega ga Wikipedia ga mathata a [[:en:COVID-19_pandemic|bolwetsi jo bo neng jwa amana lefatshe lotlhe la COVID-19]] le diphetogo tse di tshegetsang, dipuisano, le e leng go phimolwa go ne go akanngwa gore ke motswedi o o mosola go bo ra ditso ba isago ba ba batlang go tlhaloganya paka eo ka botlalo.<ref>Harrison, Stephen (May 27, 2020). [https://slate.com/technology/2020/05/wikipedia-coronavirus-information-future-historians.html "Future Historians Will Need Access to Coronavirus Misinformation]". Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200527165139/https://slate.com/technology/2020/05/wikipedia-coronavirus-information-future-historians.html Archived] from the original on May 27, 2020. Retrieved June 9, 2020.</ref> [[:en:World_Health_Organization|Mokgatlho wa Lefatshe wa Boitekanelo]] o dirisane mmogo le Wikipedia jaaka motswedi wa konokono wa go anamisa tshedimosetso e e amanang le COVID-19 jaaka go thusa go lwantshana go anama ga tshedimosetso e e fosegileng.<ref>Matt, Chase (January 9, 2021). [https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higherhttps://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher "Wikipedia is 20, and its reputation has never been highe]r". [[:en:The_Economist|The Economist]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221231224550/https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher Archived] from the original on December 31, 2022. Retrieved January 9, 2021.</ref><ref>McNeil, Donald G. (October 22, 2020). [https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/22/health/wikipedia-who-coronavirus-health.html "Wikipedia and W.H.O. Join to Combat Covid-19 Misinformation"]. [[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20201227064918/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/22/health/wikipedia-who-coronavirus-health.html Archived] from the original on December 27, 2020. Retrieved October 25, 2020.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2021 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2021, [[:en:Wikipedia:20th_anniversary|ngwaga wa masome a mabedi wa segopotso sa Wikipedia]] o ne wa lemogiwa mo metsweding ya dikgang.<ref>Kelly, Heather (January 15, 2021). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/01/15/wikipedia-20-year-anniversary/ "Technology: On its 20th birthday, Wikipedia might be the safest place online]". [[:en:The_Washington_Post|The Washington Post]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210905012756/https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/01/15/wikipedia-20-year-anniversary/ Archived] from the original on September 5, 2021. Retrieved January 16, 2021. The world's largest online encyclopedia has learned lessons from fighting misinformation for two decades</ref><ref>Kent, German (January 15, 2021). "[https://www.cnet.com/news/in-a-post-truth-world-we-need-wikipedia-more-than-ever/ In a post-truth world, we need Wikipedia more than ever]". [[:en:CNET|CNET]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220221144855/https://www.cnet.com/news/in-a-post-truth-world-we-need-wikipedia-more-than-ever/ Archived] from the original on February 21, 2022. Retrieved January 16, 2021. Commentary: Wikipedia celebrated its 20th anniversary today. The free encyclopedia may not be exciting, but its neutral, volunteer-driven content is incredibly valuable.</ref><ref>"[https://www.dw.com/en/world-in-progress-20-years-of-wikipedia/av-56212410 World in Progress: 20 years of Wikipedia]" (Audio). [[:en:Deutsche_Welle|Deutsche Welle]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221005082902/https://www.dw.com/en/world-in-progress-20-years-of-wikipedia/av-56212410 Archived] from the original on October 5, 2022. Retrieved January 17, 2021. The year marks the 20th anniversary of Wikipedia. Every month, more than 1.7 billion people visit the open-source website in search of information about, well, just about anything! We speak with Dr. Bernie Hogan from the [[:en:Oxford_Internet_Institute|Oxford Internet Institute]] about Wikipedia's successes, where it fits into the discrimination crisis, and the website's future.</ref><ref>[[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Wales, Jimmy]] (January 14, 2021). [https://news.yahoo.com/wikipedia-turns-20-aims-reach-035212015.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly9zZWFyY2gueWFob28uY29tLw&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAHKHaTI72xUEUz_BdVPt8DFvi-uLdmApcbSckrJrAbM_GpTwHsHtNHRdxX-KYAS6xk81e_p_w46bfh10PJVV7cmUzE-pWR5gsID2T8Kd1k0u-2r78p4Y4V16CKTPFcWRJzV0LwQMJyuEeeR7Vv-_lfVBiCT30KvF47aGzyE3QP-a "As Wikipedia turns 20 it aims to reach more readers"]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220923105157/https://news.yahoo.com/wikipedia-turns-20-aims-reach-035212015.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly9zZWFyY2gueWFob28uY29tLw&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAHKHaTI72xUEUz_BdVPt8DFvi-uLdmApcbSckrJrAbM_GpTwHsHtNHRdxX-KYAS6xk81e_p_w46bfh10PJVV7cmUzE-pWR5gsID2T8Kd1k0u-2r78p4Y4V16CKTPFcWRJzV0LwQMJyuEeeR7Vv-_lfVBiCT30KvF47aGzyE3QP-a Archived] from the original on September 23, 2022. Retrieved January 17, 2021 – via [[:en:Yahoo!|Yahoo]]!. Wikipedia is the web's seventh-most visited site</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malalatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2021, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya fitlhelela diphetogo di le dibilione di le nngwe, koo tseleganyo ya bobilione e neng ya dirwa ke [[:en:Steven_Pruitt|Steven Pruitt]]<ref>"[https://www.vice.com/en/article/the-english-language-wikipedia-just-had-its-billionth-edit/ The English Language Wikipedia Just Had Its Billionth Edit"]. [[:en:Vice_(magazine)|Vice]]. January 15, 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210115145145/https://www.vice.com/en/article/k7appn/the-english-language-wikipedia-just-had-its-billionth-edit Archived] from the original on January 15, 2021. Retrieved February 26, 2021.</ref> [[:en:MIT_Press|MIT Press]] e gatisitse buka e e [[:en:Open_access|bulegileng ya ditlhamo]] [[:en:Wikipedia_@_20|''Wikipedia @ 20'']]: ''Dikgang tsa Phetogo e e sa Fediwang'', e e rulagantsweng ke [[:en:Joseph_M._Reagle_Jr.|Joseph Reagle]] le Jackie Koerner ka ditshwaelo go tswa go ba-Wikipedia ba ba tlhageletseng, ba-Wikimedia, babatlisisi, babegadikgang, ba lefelo la dibuka le baitseanape ba bangwe ba ba akanyang ka ditiragalo tse di rileng le<ref>Reagle, Joseph; Koerner, Jackie, eds. (2020). [https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/wikipedia-20 Wikipedia @ 20: Stories of an Incomplete Revolution]. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0262538176|978-0262538176.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20220716055539/https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/wikipedia-20 Archived] from the original on July 16, 2022. Retrieved November 12, 2021.</ref>. Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2021, Wikipedia e ne e wetse mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ya bolesometharo mo lefatsheng ka ntlha ya go dirisa inthanete mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref name=":15" /> ==== Ngwaga wa 2022 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2022, Modiri wa Wikipedia Richard Knipel o ne a tlhama setlhogo sa [[:en:Artwork_title|setlhogo sa Botaki]], se poeletso ya sone ya ntlha e neng e le mokwalo yo o santseng o tla baakangwa e e tlhagisitsweng ke [[:en:ChatGPT|ChatGPT]] e Knipel a neng a e dirile diphetogo tse dinnye go tsamaisana thata le maemo a Wikipedia. Knipel o boletse mo [[:en:Talk_page|tsebeng ya puisano]] gore o dumela gore ke lekgetlo la ntlha mongwe a dirisa ChatGPT go tlhama pego ya Wikipedia. Go romelwa ga pego e go ne ga kgalwa ke barulaganyi ba bangwe mme ga tsosa kganetsano mo setšhabeng sa Wikipedia, mme se sa dira gore go nne le kganetsano e e tseneletseng ka gore a ChatGPT le dikai tse di tshwanang le yone di tshwanetse go dirisiwa mo go kwaleng diteng tsa Wikipedia le gore, fa go le jalo, di tshwanetse go dirisiwa go le kana kang.<ref>Harrison, Stephen (January 12, 2023). [https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/chatgpt-wikipedia-articles.html "Should ChatGPT Be Used to Write Wikipedia Articles?]". Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230128200141/https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/chatgpt-wikipedia-articles.html Archived] from the original on January 28, 2023. Retrieved January 30, 2023.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2023 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2023, segokaganyi sa sesupa ditlhaka sa tafole sa Wikipedia se ne sa fetolwa lekgetho la ntlha fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 2010, go nna sebopedgo se sesha se se bitswang [[:en:Vector_2022|Vector 2022]].<ref>"[[foundationsite:news/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-a-fresh-new-look-first-desktop-update-in-a-decade-puts-usability-at-the-forefront/|Wikipedia Gets a Fresh New Look: First Desktop Update in a Decade Puts Usability at the Forefront]]". Wikimedia Foundation. January 18, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230119234339/https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-a-fresh-new-look-first-desktop-update-in-a-decade-puts-usability-at-the-forefront/ Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> Segokakanyi sa modirisi se segolo se sesha se ne sa nyatswa thata ke badirisi. Dikganetso tse dintsi di ne di tlhomile mogopolo mo thulaganyong ya bophara jo bo tlhomameng, e e neng ya dira gore go nne le sebaka se sesweu se se feteletseng mo dintlheng tsa dimonithara tse di bulegileng, mme se sa dira gore go nne le motlotlo wa mafoko a le dikete tse borobabongwe wa gore a letlalo le lesha le tshwanetse go nna le le tlwaelesegileng. [[:en:Swahili_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seswahili]] e ne ya tlhopa ka bongwefela jwa pelo go gana letlalo le lesha mme "ka bokhutshwane" ya batla gore go boelwe kwa letlalong la bogologolo. Go tshwaiwa phoso go gongwe go ne ga lebisiwa kwa Mokgatlhong wa Wikimedia ka go thapa setlhopha sa batlhami se se nang le maitemogelo a a lekanyeditsweng mo diwiki. Brandon Harris, yo e neng e le motlhami yo mogolo kwa Wikipedia go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2010 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2014, o ne a re: "Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia gantsi o thapa batlhami ba ba sa tlwaelanang le baagi, mme ba tsena abo ba leka go dira diphetogo tseo tsotlhe—ba taboga ka tlhogo pele go nna shaga ya modumo —mme baagi ba gana ka tsela e e utlwalang]".<ref name=":20">Rauwerda, Annie (January 18, 2023). [https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/wikipedia-redesign-vector-2022-skin.html "Wikipedia's Redesign Is Barely Noticeable. That's the Point"]. Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120005241/https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/wikipedia-redesign-vector-2022-skin.html Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Wikimedia Sound Logo Finalist VQ97.wav|thumb|Letshwao la modumo la Wikimedia (go akaretsa le Wikipedia)<ref name=":16">[[foundationsite:news/2023/03/28/wikipedias-new-sound-logo-winner/|"Wikipedia's new sound logo: Winner of The Sound of All Human Knowledge contest announced".]] Wikimedia Foundation. March 28, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230406101352/https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/03/28/wikipedias-new-sound-logo-winner/ Archived] from the original on April 6, 2023. Retrieved May 2, 2023.</ref>]] Morago ga therisano le kgaisano, letshwao [[:en:Sound_logo|la ntlha la modumo]] la Wikimedia (go akaretsa le Wikipedia) le ne la amogelwa.<ref name=":16" /> ==== Ngwaga wa 2024 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a lelesome le boraro, ka ngwaga wa 2024, kopololo ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane, e e bolokilweng mo [[:en:5D_optical_data_storage|polokelong ya tshedimosetso ya 5D optical]], e ne ya tsenngwa mo lefelong la patlisiso le le ka fa tlase ga lefatshe kwa Switzerland, le le nang le kgonagalo ya go bolokwa dingwaga di ka nna dibilione di le lesome le bone, ka ntlha ya maranyane ya polokelo e e dirisitsweng. Kopololo e ka balega ka go dirisa [[:en:Microscope|sedirisiwa sa go godisa dilo tse dinnye gore di bonale sentle]], kwantle ga go tlhoka go dirisa [[:en:Digital_electronics|thekenoloji ya maranyane a segompieno]] .<ref>"[https://www.archmission.org/gkv Global Knowledge Vault]". Arch Mission Foundation - Preserving humanity forever, in space and on Earth. Retrieved May 26, 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2024, kopololo ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya goroga ka katlego mo Ngweding, jaaka karolo ya lenaneo la Galactic Legacy Archive. Thomo e ne ya dirwa ke [[:en:Intuitive_Machines|Metšhini ya Intuitive]], fa sefofane se se dirisang mollo sone se ne sa itsisiwe semmuso ke [[:en:SpaceX|SpaceX]]. Tshedimosetso e e ne e bolokilwe jaaka e e dirisang dikarolo di le lesome le borataro tsa nickel, mme go akanyediwa gore e ka nna mo godimo ga Ngwedi dingwaga di ka nna dibilione di le tlhano. <ref>"[https://www.archmission.org/galactic-legacy-archive Galactic Legacy Archive]". Arch Mission Foundation - Preserving humanity forever, in space and on Earth. Retrieved May 26, 2026.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2025 ==== ==== Ngwaga wa 2026 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Work-in-progress animation of the Wikipedia 25 birthday mascot scrolling on a phone.gif|thumb|Setshwantsho sa Baby Globe e tsamayatsamaya mo mogaleng wa letheka]] Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano, Wikipedia e ne ya keteka ngwaga wa yone wa masome a mabedi le botlhano.<ref>[https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00074-1 "Wikipedia is needed now more than ever, 25 years on"]. Nature. 649 (8099): 1079–1080. January 28, 2026. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00074-1|10.1038/d41586-026-00074-1]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1476-4687 1476-4687.]</ref> Go ne ga tlhamiwa motseletsele wa ditokomane le "lebokoso la go boloka dilo tsa nako" jaaka karolo ya meletlo.<ref>Roth, Emma (January 15, 2026). [https://www.theverge.com/news/861935/wikipedia-25th-anniversary-2026 "Wikipedia turns 25 and shares a glimpse into the lives of its volunteer editors]". The Verge. Retrieved February 25, 2026.</ref> Go ne ga gololwa setshwantsho se se tlhamilweng ke modirisi BaduFerreira se se bidiwang [[:en:Baby_Globe|Baby Globe]]. E ne ya tlhagelela fa mokgwa wa letsatsi la matsalo o ne o kgontshitswe mo Wikipedia. Go ne ga tlhamiwa [[:en:Plush|seaparo]] sa Baby Globe se se ka [[:en:Collectable|kokoanngwang]] ka tirisanommogo le Makeship.<ref>Fear, Natalie (January 15, 2026). [https://www.creativebloq.com/design/wikipedia-unveils-adorable-mascot-for-25th-anniversary "Wikipedia's new mascot is too cute for words"]. Creative Bloq. Retrieved February 25, 2026.</ref> Baby Globe e ne ya tlosiwa mo lefelong la Wikipedia ka kgwedi ya Moranang a le malatsi a le supa.<ref>"[[foundationsite:wikipedia25/wikipedia-mascot/|Meet Baby Globe, Wikipedia's 25th birthday mascot]]". Wikimedia Foundation. Retrieved April 14, 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bosupa, Wikipedia e ne ya thibela tiriso ya diteng tse di tlhamilweng ke [[:en:Large_language_model|di-LLM]] mo dipegong tsa yone, kwa ntle ga dithanolo le diphetogo tse dinnye tsa di kopololo.<ref>Milman, Oliver (March 27, 2026). [https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2026/mar/27/wikipedia-bans-ai "Wikipedia bans AI-generated content in its online encyclopedia"]. The Guardian. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077 0261-3077]. Retrieved March 31, 2026.</ref><ref>"[https://www.newsweek.com/wikipedia-bans-ai-content-after-debate-11746790 Wikipedia bans one type of content after 'heated debate']". Newsweek. March 27, 2026. Retrieved March 31, 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong a tlhola malatsia le lesome le bongwe, Wikipedia e ne ya golola Kgwetlho ya go Bala ya Ngwaga wa bo masome a mabedi le botlhano ya tiriso ya iOS go tloga ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bongwe go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borobabobedi mme Baby Globe e ne ya tlhagisiwa gape.<ref>"[[mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Team/25th_Birthday_Reading_Challenge|Wikimedia Apps/Team/25th Birthday Reading Challenge"]]. MediaWiki. May 11, 2026. Retrieved June 14, 2026.</ref> == Ditso go ya ka maphata a thuto == === Didirisiwa tsa sesupaditlhaka le mananeo a sesupaditlhaka === Pego ya konokono: [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]] ''Mananeo a sesupaditlhaka a a tsamaisang Wikipedia, le sedirisiwa sa sesupaditlhaka, mafelo a polokelo a di server le ditsamaiso tse dingwe tse Wikipedia e ikaegileng ka tsone.'' * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2001, Wikipedia e ne ya tsamaya mo [[:en:UseModWiki|UseModWiki]], e e kwadilweng ka [[:en:Perl|Perl]] ke [[:en:Clifford_Adams|Clifford Adams]]. Sesupaditlhaka se se fang disupaditlhaka tse dingwe ditirelo le tshedimosetso mo mafaratlhatlheng e ne e sa ntse e dirisa [[:en:Linux|Linux]], le fa mokwalo wa ntlha o ne o bolokilwe mo sedirisweng sa polokelo sa faele go na le mo polokelong ya tshedimosetso ya database . Ditlhogo di ne di bidiwa ka mokgwa wa [[:en:CamelCase|CamelCase]]. * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2002, "Kgato ya bobedi" ya mananeo a sesupa ditlhaka ya wiki e e fang Wikipedia maatla e ne ya tlhagisiwa, e e neng ya emisetsa [[:en:UseModWiki|UseModWiki]] ya bogologolo. E kwaletswe lenaneo leo ka tlhamalalo ke [[:en:Magnus_Manske|Magnus Manske]], e ne e akaretsa [[:en:Wiki_engine|enjene ya wiki]] ya [[:en:PHP|PHP]]. * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2002, [[:en:Rewrite_(programming)|go kwalwa sešwa mo gogolo]] ga mananeo a sesupaditlhaka e e fang Wikipedia maatla go ne ga simolola; e e bidiwang "Kgato ya boraro", e ne ya tsaya sebaka sa mofuta wa bogologolo wa "Kgato ya bobedi", mme ya nna [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]]. E kwadilwe ke [[:en:Lee_Daniel_Crocker|Lee Daniel Crocker]] go tsibogela ditlhokego tse di oketsegang tsa lenaneo le le golang. * Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2002, Derek Ramsey o ne a tlhama [[:en:Internet_bot|bot]] – thulaganyo e e itirisang e e bidiwang [[:en:Rambot|Rambot]] – go oketsa palo e ntsi ya dipego tse di buang ka ditoropo tsa lefatshe la United States; dipego tseo di ne tsa tlhagisiwa ka go itirisa go tswa mo tshedimosetsong ya [[:en:U.S._census|palobatho ya U.S.]] Ka jalo o ne a oketsa palo ya dipego tsa Wikipedia ka dikete tse masome a mararo le boraro le makgolo a borobabobedi le masome a mararo le bobedi.<ref>[[:en:Andrew_Lih|Lih, Andrew]] (2009). [https://books.google.com/books?id=AWuZAAAAQBAJ&q=%22Derek+Ramsey+%28Wikipedian%29%22 ''The Wikipedia Revolution'']. Hachette Digital, Inc. pp. 99–106. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1401395858|978-1401395858]].</ref> Se se biditswe "kgato e e tsosang kganetsano go gaisa mo ditsong tsa Wikipedia"<ref>Lih, p. 99.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2003, go ne ga okediwa ka tshegetso ya sekaelo tsa dipalo mo [[:en:TeX|TeX]]. Ditaelo tse di kwadilweng ka puo ya sesupaditlhaka di ne tsa ntshiwa ke Tomasz Węgrzanowski. * Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a a robangbongweka ngwaga wa 2003, segokaganyi sa [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] sa Wikipedia se ne sa fetolwa go dira gore di-ISBN mo dipegong di golagane le E kgethegileng:Metswedi ya Dibuka, e e tsayang diteng tsa yone go tswa mo tsebeng e e ka rulaganngwang ke modirisi ya [[:en:Wikipedia:Book_sources|Wikipedia:Metswedi ya dibuka]]. Pele ga se, dintlha tsa kgokagano ya ISBN di ne tsa tsenngwa khoutu mo lenaneong la sesupa ditshwantso mme go ne ga tshitshinngwa tse dišwa mo tsebeng ya Wikipedia:ISBN. Bona tseleganyo e e fetotseng se. * Morago ga kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 2003, melaetsa e e farologaneng ya tsamaiso e e neng e bontshiwa badirisi ba Wikipedia e ne e sa tlhole e tsentswe [[:en:Hard_coding|dikhoutu tse di thata]], mme se se ne sa dira gore [[:en:Wikipedia:Administrators|batsamaisi]] ba Wikipedia ba kgone go fetola dikarolo dingwe tsa segokaganyi sa MediaWiki, jaaka molaetsa o o neng o bontshiwa badirisi ba ba thibetsweng. * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2004, ditiro tsa disupaditlhaka se se fang disupaditlhaka tse dingwe ditirelo le tshedimosetso mo mafaratlhatlheng di ne tsa fudusiwa go tswa kwa San Diego, kwa California go ya kwa [[:en:Tampa,_Florida|Tampa, kwa Florida]].<ref>"[[mailarchive:wikitech-l/2004-February/008420.html|Server swapping soon]]". lists.wikimedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140618061009/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2004-February/008420.html Archived] from the original on June 18, 2014. Retrieved February 10, 2007.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e thola malatsi ka ngwaga wa 2004, lefelo la tshedimosetso tsotlhe tse di farologaneng di ne tsa tlhabololwa go nna mofuta o mošwa wa mananeo a sesupaditlhaka sa [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]]. * Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa 2004, go ne ga tlhagelela ditiragalo tsa ntlha tsa ditsenngwa tsa "go aroganngwa ka ditlhopha". Maano a ditlhopha, jaaka Diphetogo tsa Bosheng le Phetolo ya Tsebe E, di ne di ntse di le teng fa e sa le Wikipedia e tlhongwa. Le fa go ntse jalo, Sanger o ne a lebile maano jaaka manaane, le dipego tse di tsenngwang ka diatla, fa maiteko a go [[:en:Categorization|aroganya ka ditlhopa]] a ne a ikaegile ka ditsenngwa tsa go tlhaola ka ditlhopa ka bongwe mo pegong nngwe le nngwe ya ensaetlopedia, jaaka karolo ya go aroganya ka ditlhopha mo go golo mo go itirisang ga dipego tsa ensaetlopedia.<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Categorization|"Wikipedia:Categorization]]", Wikipedia. Retrieved 30 January 2007.</ref> * Morago ga kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le mararo ka ngwaga wa 2004, batsamaisi ba ne ba ka tseleganya mokgwa wa segokaganyi ka go fetola [[:en:Cascading_Style_Sheets|CSS]] mo pampiring ya mokgwa wa buka e le nngwe mo [[:en:MediaWiki:Monobook.css|MediaWiki:Monobook.css.]] * Gape ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 2004, ka MediaWiki 1.3, go ne ga tlhamiwa lefelo la maina la mokwalo wa go rulaganya diteng, le le letlang go [[:en:Transclusion|tsenngwa]] ga ditlhangwa tse di tlwaelesegileng . * Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 2005 ka oura ya boraro mo mosong ka Nako e e [[:en:Eastern_Time_Zone|Tlwaelesegileng ya Botlhaba]], bontsi jwa sesupaditlhaka se se fang disupaditlhaka tse dingwe ditirelo le tshedimosetso mo mafaratlhatlheng tsa Wikimedia di ne tsa fudusediwa kwa lefelong le lesha le le ka kwa ga mmila. Mananeo otlhe a Wikimedia a ne a sa dire ka nako e. * Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2013, kgato ya ntlha ya polokelo ya tshedimosetso ya [[:en:Wikidata|Wikidata]] ya interwiki e ne ya nna teng mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo tsa Wikipedia.<ref name=":13" /> * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2013, go ne ga tlhongwa segokaganyi sa go tseleganya sa VisualEditor, se se neng se letla badirisi go tseleganya Wikipedia ba dirisa morulaganyi wa mafoko wa [[:en:WYSIWYG|WYSIWYG]] (o o tshwanang le [[:en:Word_processor|modirisiwa wa go rulaganya mafoko]]) go na le [[:en:Wiki_markup|go tshwaya wiki]].<ref name=":18" /> Segokaganyi sa go fetolang se se tokafaditsweng didiriswa tsa mogala wa letheka le sone se ne sa gololwa.<ref name=":19" /> ==== '''Ponalo le mokgwa wa tiriso''' ==== ''Ponalo ya kwa ntle ya Wikipedia, tsela e e [[:en:Look_and_feel|lebegang ka yone, mokgwa o e dirang]] ka one, le letshwao la yone , tsotlhe jaaka di bonwa ke badirisi''. * Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatasi a le mane ka ngwaga wa 2002, BrilliantProse, e moragonyana e neng ya bidiwa Featured Articles (Ditlhogo tse di Tlhophilweng),<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Featured_articles|"Wikipedia:Featured articles"]]. Wikipedia. Retrieved 30 January 2007.</ref> e ne ya fudusiwa go tswa mo lefelong la pego go ya mo lefelong la Wikipedia. * Mo e ka nnangka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2003, go ne ga tsenngwa letshwao le lesha la Wikipedia.<ref>"[[m:International_logo_vote/Finalists|International logo vote/Finalists".]] Meta-Wiki. Wikimedia. [https://web.archive.org/web/20060716073834/http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/International_logo_vote/Finalists Archived] from the original on July 16, 2006. Retrieved July 8, 2006.</ref> Kgopolo ya letshwao leo e ne ya tlhophiwa ka tshegetso ya ditlhopho, mme morago ga moo ga latela tshekatsheko ya go tlhopha mofuta o o gaisang. Letshwao la bofelo le ne la tlhamiwa ke David Friedland (yo o dirisang leina la “''nohat''” mo Wikipedia), le ikaegile ka mokgwa le kgopolo tse di neng tsa tlhamiwa ke Paul Stansifer. * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2004, karolo ya “Did You Know (DYK)” e ne ya tlhagelela la ntlha mo Tsebeng e Kgolo. * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2004, ka nako ya ka oura ya bolesome le boferabongwe le metsotso e le masome a manê le borataro mo nakong ya UTC. Ponalo eo e ne ya akaretsa ditlhogo tse di tlhophilweng tsotlhe ka seatla, tse di neng di akaretsa:Setlhogo se se Tlhophilweng sa Letsatsi (Daily Featured Article),Ditiragalo tsa Segopotso (Anniversaries),Mo Dikgangnyeng (In the News),le Did You Know (DYK). * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlola malatsi a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 2005, go ne ga tlhongwa porata ya dipuo tsotlhe mo atereseng ya www.wikipedia.org, e e neng ya emisetsa go romela badirisi ka tlhamalalo kwa Wikipedia ya Seesimane. * Ka la 5 Tlhakole 2005, [[:en:Portal:Biology|tsebe e e kgobokanyang dikgokagano le tshedimosetso tsotlhe tse di amanang le setlhogo sa :Biology]] e ne ya tlhamiwa, mme ya nna tsebe ya ntlha ya setlhogo sengwe (thematic portal) mo Wikipedia ya Seesimane. Le fa go ntse jalo, kgopolo eo e ne e setse e simolotswe mo Wikipedia ya Sejeremane, kwa [[:de:Portal:Recht|tsebe e e kgobokanyang dikgokagano le tshedimosetso tsotlhe tse di amanang le setlhogo sa Recht]] :Recht (Dithuto tsa Molao) e neng ya tlhongwa ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2003.<ref>[[:de:Wikipedia:WikiProjekt Portale/2003|Portals on German Wikipedia ordered by date of creation.]]</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2005, Wikipedia ya Seesimane e ne ya simolola mokgwa wa go tlhagisa setshwantsho se se tlhophilweng sa letsatsi mo Tsebeng e Kgolo. * Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhla malatsi a le lseome le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2006, morago ga ditlhopho, Tsebe e konokono ya Wikipedia ya Seesimane e ne ya fetolwa sešwa la ntlha morago ga dingwaga di ka nna pedi. * Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2010, lefelo la tshedimosetso le ne la golola sebopego se sesha. Dikarolo tse disha di ne di akaretsa:letshwao le le ntšhafaditsweng, didirisiwa tse disha tsa go tsamaya mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ,le sedirisiwa sa go thusa go tlhama dikgokagano.<ref name=":17" /> === Diphetogo tsa thulaganyo ka ngwaga wa 2023 === ''"Vector 2022" e kaela gape fa. Go bona tshedimosetso ka go dirisa Vector 2022 mo Wikipedia, leba [[:en:Wikipedia:Vector_2022|Wikipedia:Vector 2022.]]'' [[Setshwantsho:Top of the Pluto page in the Vector skin.png|thumb]] [[Setshwantsho:Top of the Pluto page in the Vector 2022 skin.png|thumb|Pego ya Pluto mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane, e bontshiwa ka matlalo a Vector 2010 (ka fa molemeng) le Vector 2022 a kgontshitswe]] Vector 2022, e leng ntšhwafatso ya Vector 2010 ya sebopego sa pele sa Wikipedia, e ne ya itsisiwe ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa 2020, mme kwa tshimologong e ne e rulaganyeditswe go tlhagelela ka ngwaga wa 2021, pele ga e ka dirisiwa ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2023.<ref name=":21">Kurtz, Jason (September 24, 2020). [https://www.cnn.com/2020/09/24/tech/wikipedia-redesign-trnd/index.html "Wikipedia due to get its first substantial website redesign in a decade]". CNN Business. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120112945/https://www.cnn.com/2020/09/24/tech/wikipedia-redesign-trnd/index.html Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2023, Wikimedia e ne e dirile gore ntšhwafatso e nne teng [[:en:List_of_Wikipedias|mo dikgatisong tsa yone tsa puo]] di le makgolo a mararo; e ne e le tlwaelo ya diphetolelo tsa Searabia le Segerika.<ref name=":22">Fingas, Jon (January 19, 2023). [https://www.engadget.com/wikipedia-desktop-web-redesign-211000932.html "Wikipedia's first desktop design update in a decade doesn't rock the boat (updated)"]. Engadget. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230119195554/https://www.engadget.com/wikipedia-desktop-web-redesign-211000932.html Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref><ref name=":20" /><ref name=":23">[https://www.pcmag.com/news/wikipedia-desktop-site-gets-new-look-its-first-in-over-10-years "Wikipedia Desktop Site Gets New Look, Its First in Over 10 Years".] PC Magazine. January 18, 2023. [https://www.pcmag.com/news/wikipedia-desktop-site-gets-new-look-its-first-in-over-10-years Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> Vector 2022 e na le [[:en:User_interface|segokanyimmediamentsi sa sebolokigolo]] sa modirisi se se tlhabolotsweng se se dirang diphetogo tse dintsi mo thulaganyong ya dintlha tsa segokaganyi. Gareng ga tsone, lenaneo la go tlhopha puo, le pele le neng le le kafa molemeng wa sefatlhego sa sesupaditshwantsho, jaanong o fitlhelwa mo sekhutlong se se kwa godimo sa moja sa pontsho ya setlhogo se se balwang gone jaanong.<ref name=":23" /> Mo godimo ga moo, bara e e kafa thoko e kgona go phuthega ka fa morago ga [[:en:Hamburger_button|konopo ya hamburger]]. Vector 2022 gape e oketsa [[:en:Margin_(typography)|dintlha]] tsa pontsho ya dipego, e e nang le phelelo ya go lekanyetsa bophara jwa pego;<ref name=":23" /> go na le toggle e e ka fokotsang dintlha le go atolosa bophara jwa mola wa pego go tlatsa sefatlhego sa sesupaditshwantso.<ref name=":24">Perez, Sarah (January 18, 2023). [https://techcrunch.com/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-its-first-makeover-in-over-a-decade-and-its-fairly-subtle/ "Wikipedia gets its first makeover in over a decade... and it's fairly subtle"]. techcrunch.com. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230119214848/https://techcrunch.com/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-its-first-makeover-in-over-a-decade-and-its-fairly-subtle/ Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref><ref name=":20" /> Bogolo jwa mokwalo jo bo dirisiwang ka tlwaelo ga bo ise bo okediwe, le fa [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] o boleletse ''Engadget'' gore o solofela go dira se kgetho mo isagong.<ref name=":22" /> Tiro ya patlo le yone e ne ya tlhabololwa mo Vector 2022, ka gonne maduoa a ntshitshitsweng go araba dipotso tsa modirisi jaanong di akaretsa ditshwantsho le ditlhaloso tse dikhutshwane go tswa mo ditsebeng tse go buiwang ka tsone.<ref name=":23" /><ref name=":25">Nguyen, Britney. [https://www.businessinsider.com/new-wikipedia-update-looks-different-desktop-redesign-2023-1 "It's not just you  – Wikipedia looks different"]. ''Business Insider''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120012218/https://www.businessinsider.com/new-wikipedia-update-looks-different-desktop-redesign-2023-1 Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] o ne wa bolela gore phetogo eno e ne e tlhotlhelediwa ke keletso ya go dira gore lefelo leno le nne la segompieno le go tokafatsa maitemogelo a go tsamaya le go tseleganya mo babading ba ba senang maitemogelo a maranyane, ka gonne letlalo la pele le ne le tsewa le le "le le sa siamang le le le fekeetsang."<ref name=":21" /><ref name=":22" /><ref name=":24" /> Diteko tse di dirilweng ke motheo di ne tsa oketsa maduo a mokgatlho oo ka koketsego ya badirisi ba dipatlisiso ka karolo ya masome a mararo mo lekgolong, le phokotsego ya karolo ya lesome le botlhano mo lekgolong ya go tsamayatsamaya mo lefelong la tshedimosetso.<ref name=":22" /><ref name=":24" />Diphetolelo tsa ntlha tsa Vector 2022 di ne tsa simolola go dirisiwa la ntlha ka ngwaga wa 2020 mo mafelong a Wikipedia a puo ya Sefora, Sehebera le Sepotokisi,<ref name=":21" /> ​​jaaka fa dikarolo tse disha tsa sebopego di ne di anamisiwa mo badirising gore di lekwe ka iketlo pele ga le gololwa ka botlalo.<ref>Lyles, Taylor (September 24, 2020). [https://www.theverge.com/2020/9/23/21453300/wikipedia-desktop-redesign-2021 "Wikipedia is getting its first desktop redesign in 10 years".] The Verge. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120152848/https://www.theverge.com/2020/9/23/21453300/wikipedia-desktop-redesign-2021 Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> Sebopego se ne sa simolola go dirisiwa jaaka lsebopego se se tlwaelesegileng la babadi ba mafelo a Wikimedia ka dipuo di le makgolo a mararo (mo go tse makgolo a mararo le lesome le borobabobedi) ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2023.<ref name=":22" /><ref name=":20" /><ref name=":23" /> Morago ga go anamisa mo gontsi ga Vector 2022, go santse go kgonega go bala Wikipedia o dirisa sebopego se se fetileng. Le fa go ntse jalo, go dira jalo go tlhoka gore babadi ba ikwadisetse lenaneo le le letlellang go tsena mo Wikipedia, mme morago ba tlhome ditlhopho tsa bone go bontsha Vector 2010 boemong jwa seo.<ref name=":23" /> Ga go na diphetogo tse di dirilweng mo dibopegong tsa Wikipedia jaaka Monobook le Timeless, tse le tsone di sa ntseng di le teng go ka dirisiwa.<ref name=":20" /><ref>[https://gizmodo.com/wikipedia-wikimedia-online-encyclopedia-1850002977 "Try and Spot the Differences in Wikipedia's First New Look in 11 Years]". Gizmodo. January 18, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230119134259/https://gizmodo.com/wikipedia-wikimedia-online-encyclopedia-1850002977 Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> [[:en:Wikipedia_users|Badirisi ba Wikipedia]] ba ne ba kgaogane ka diphetogo tse. Kopo ya tshwaelo mo [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] e e botsang baagi gore a Vector 2022 e tshwanetse go dirisiwa kgotsa nnyaa jaaka sebopego sa tlwaelo se kokoantse mafoko a a fetang dikete tse masome a borobabongwe mo dikarabong.<ref name=":20" /> Batshwayadiphoso ba go tlhamiwa sešwa ba ne ba ganetsa thata [[:en:White_space_(visual_arts)|phatlha e e tshweu]] e e tlogetsweng e le lolea mo sebopegong se lešwa, fa badirisi ba bangwe ba ne ba nyatsa batshwayadiphoso ba re ba na le kganetso ya phetogo.<ref name=":20" /> Barulaganyi ba le lekgolo le masome a marataro le botlhano ba ba neng ba tsaya karolo mo motlotlong ba ne ba sa amogele letlalo le lešwa, fa ba le lekgolo le masome a matlhano a le boraro ba ne ba rata, mme ba le robongwe ba ne ba nna ba sa tseye letlhakore.<ref name=":26">Pearl, Mike (January 18, 2023). [https://mashable.com/article/new-wikipedia-redesign "Yes, Wikipedia looks weird. Don't freak out"]. ''Mashable''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120012235/https://mashable.com/article/new-wikipedia-redesign Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref><ref name=":20" /><ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3ARequests_for_comment%2FDeployment_of_Vector_%282022%29&diff=latest&oldid=1117412136 Wikipedia history page".] ''en.wikipedia.org''.</ref> Le fa go ne go na le palo e kgolo ya barulaganyi ba ba neng ba tlhagisa gore ga ba batle gore Vector 2022 e dirisiwe ka sebopego sa yone sa ga jaana, ka tumalano mo Wikipedia e sa tseelwe tshwetso ka tlhopo, puisane e ne ya tswalelwa go go tshegetsa sebobego se sesha, go akanyediwa ditshwaelo tse di siameng tse di tlogetsweng ke badirisi ba bangwe.<ref name=":26" /><ref name=":20" /> Batlhami ba Vector 2022 ba dirile diphetogo dingwe mo sebopegong go tsibogela ditshwaelo, tse di jaaka go tsenya toggle go kgontsha diteng tsa pego go tlatsa bophara jotlhe jwa sefatlhego sa sesupaditshwantso.<ref name=":20" /><ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Requests_for_comment/Deployment_of_Vector_(2022)&oldid=1138588215 "Wikipedia:Requests for comment/Deployment of Vector (2022)"]. February 10, 2023 – via Wikipedia.</ref> Badirisi ba [[:en:Swahili_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seswahili]] ba ne ba sa dumalane ka bongwefela jwa pelo le go tsenngwa tirisong ga sebopego se lešwa.<ref name=":20" /> Babegadikgang ba ba neng ba tsibogela go anamisa ga Vector 2022 ba ne ba tsaya ntšhwafatso le dikarolo tse disha tse di tlhagisitsweng e le ditlaleletso tse di mosola, mme ka kakaretso ba ne ba tlhalosa sebopego jaaka ntšhwafatso e nnye e e neng ya se ka ya fetola maitemogelo a bone a go bala mo Wikipedia.<ref name=":25" /><ref name=":20" /> <ref name=":24" />[[:en:Annie_Rauwerda|Annie Rauwerda]], motlhami wa lenaneo la go letlella go tsena tsa media wa loago tsa [[:en:Depths_of_Wikipedia|Boteng jwa Wikipedia]], o kwadile mo [[:en:Slate_(magazine)|''Slate'']] gore Vector 2022 e ne e sa "farologane thata" le letlalo le le fetileng. Rauwerda o ne a lemoga gape go tshwana fa gare ga tsibogo ya baagi ba Wikipedia kgatlhanong le moakanyetso le dikganetso tsa nako e e fetileng tsa diphetogo tse di tshwanang tsa pono mo mafelong a a tlwaelegileng a a jaaka [[:en:Reddit|Reddit]].<ref name=":20" /> Rauwerda, le Mike Pearl wa ''Mashable'', ba ne ba akgela ka gore badirisi ba ba sa itumeleleng phetogo eo ba ka nna ba sekaseka mo motlotlong o o buang ka sebopego se, kgotsa ba dirisa ditiriso tsa go itebaganya tse di ageletsweng mo lefelong leo go fetola maitemogelo a bone a go bala.<ref name=":26" /><ref name=":20" /> === Dipopego tse di mo teng === ''Matshwao a naga mo setšhabeng sa Wikipedia, le tlhabololo ya mokgatlho wa yone, [[:en:Wikipedia:Administration|dibopego tsa ka fa gare]], le'' ''melawana.'' * Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2001, Wales e tlhalosa semmuso "ntlha ya pono e e sa tseyeng letlhakore",<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20010416035757/http://www.wikipedia.com/wiki/NeutralPointOfView NeutralPointOfView]". Wikipedia. Archived from [https://www.wikipedia.com/wiki/NeutralPointOfView the original] on April 16, 2001. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> melawanaya konokono ya botseleganyi e e sa buisanelweng ya Wikipedia,<ref>"A few things are absolute and non-negotiable, though. NPOV for example." [https://mail.wikipedia.org/pipermail/wikien-l/2003-November/008096.html in statement by Jimbo Wales in November 2003] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051125190519/http://mail.wikipedia.org/pipermail/wikien-l/2003-November/008096.html|date=25 November 2005}} and, in this thread reconfirmed by [[mailarchive:wikien-l/2006-April/044388.html|Jimbo Wales in April 2006]] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140618224657/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikien-l/2006-April/044388.html|date=18 June 2014}} in the context of lawsuits.</ref> go tlhamiwa sešwa ga pholisi ya "Go tlhoka go tsaya letlhakore" e e tlhalositsweng ke Sanger ya Nupedia ka dikgakologo kgotsa ka selemo sa 2000, e e neng e akaretsa bontsi jwa melaometheo ya sa1.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20010331211742/http://www.nupedia.com/policy.shtml "Nupedia: Editorial Policy Guidelines"]. www.nupedia.com. March 31, 2001. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/policy.shtml the original] on March 31, 2001. Retrieved March 16, 2023. Nupedia articles are, in terms of their content, to be unbiased. There may be respectable reference works that permit authors to take recognizable stands on controversial issues, but this is not one of them ... "On every issue ... is it very difficult or impossible for the reader to determine what the view is to which the author adheres?" ... for each controversial view discussed, the author of an article (at a bare minimum) mention various opposing views that are taken seriously by any significant minority of experts (or concerned parties) on the subject ... In a final version of the article, every party to the controversy in question must be able to judge that its views have been fairly presented, or as fairly as is possible in a context in which other, opposing views must also be presented as fairly as possible.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa 2001, tirisanommogo ka setlhogo mo [[:en:Wikipedia:WikiProject|mananeong a a Wiki]] e ne ya tlhagisiwa.<ref>"[[:en:Wikipedia:WikiProject_proposal|Wikipedia:WikiProject proposal – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia"]]. English Wikipedia. May 18, 2008. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110506091041/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_proposal Archived] from the original on May 6, 2011. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2002, matshwenyego ka ga kotsi ya go tlhotlhomisiwa le go rekisiwa ga yone mo isagong ke Bomis Inc (moamogedi wa ntlha wa Wikipedia) mmogo le go tlhoka netefaletso ya gore seno ga se kitla se diragala, go ne ga dira gore bontsi jwa batsayakarolo ba [[:es:|Wikipedia ya Sepanishe]] ba kgaogane le go e tlhoma ka nosi jaaka ''[[:en:Enciclopedia_Libre|Enciclopedia Libre]]''.<ref>[http://enciclopedia.us.es/index.php/Enciclopedia:Por_qu%E9_estamos_aqu%ED_y_no_en_es.wikipedia.org Why we are here and not in Wikipedia] [https://web.archive.org/web/20220710072544/http://enciclopedia.us.es/index.php/Enciclopedia:Por_qu%E9_estamos_aqu%ED_y_no_en_es.wikipedia.org Archived] 10 July 2022 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] (in Spanish, under GFDL)</ref> Morago ga go tlhalosiwa ga maemo a Wikipedia le gore ga e a dira kgwebo moragonyana mo ngwageng oo, dipuisano tsa go kopanngwa gape fa gare ga ''Enciclopedia Libre'' le Wikipedia ya Sepanishe e e neng ya tlhongwa sešwa di ne tsa nna teng ka dinako tse dingwe ka ngwaga wa 2002 le ngwaga wa 2003, mme ga go a ka ga fitlhelelwa tshwetso epe. Ka ngwaga wa 2011, ''Enciclopedia Libre'' e ne e tsewa e le mo kwelotlaseng;<ref>Tkacz, Nathaniel (January 20, 2011). [https://www.wired.com/story/wikipedia-spanish-fork/ "The Spanish Fork: Wikipedia's ad-fuelled mutiny"]. Wired. Retrieved August 21, 2025.</ref> e ne ya emisa go dira kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2024. * Gape ka ngwaga wa 2002, dintlha tsa melawana le mokgwa di ne tsa tlhalosiwa ka go tlhamiwa ga ''Bukana ya Mokgwa'', mmogo le melawana le dikaelo tse dingwe di le mmalwa.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style&oldid=171156 "Wikipedia:Manual of Style]", Wikipedia, August 23, 2002, retrieved March 16, 2023</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa 2002, go ne ga tlhomiwa manaane a mašwa a go romela a WikiEN le Announce, mmogo le manaane a mangwe a go romelaka poso a puo, go fokotsa bontsi jwa batho ba ba tsenang mo manaaneng a go romela ka poso.<ref>"[https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_News/2002&oldid=486954 Wikimedia News/2002 – Meta"]. Meta.wikimedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150903231255/https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_News/2002&oldid=486954 Archived] from the original on September 3, 2015. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2003, molao o o kgatlhanong le go fetola [[:en:Wikipedia:Autobiography|buka ya botshelo jwa motho]] o ne wa tlhagisiwa.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Autobiography&oldid=1220207 "Wikipedia:Autobiography – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia"]. En.wikipedia.org. July 30, 2003. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150903231255/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Autobiography&oldid=1220207 Archived] from the original on September 3, 2015. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2003, kopano ya ntlha ya "nnete" ya badiri ba Wikipedia e ne ya diragala kwa [[:en:Munich|Munich]]. Ditoropo di le dintsi di ne tsa latela, mme go ise go ye kae go ne ga tlhomiwa dikokoano di le mmalwa tsa nako le nako tsa Wikipedia mo lefatsheng lotlhe. Merafe e le mmalwa tsa maranyane, go akaretsa le nngwe mo lefelong la tshedimosetso e e tumileng ya blog ya [[:en:LiveJournal|LiveJournal]], le tsone di tlhagile fa e sa le ka nako eo. * Go tloga ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e thola malatsi a le masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa 2004 [[:en:Wikipedia:Browse|Wikipedia:Batla]] le [[:en:Wikipedia:Browse_by_overview|Wikipedia:Batla ka kakaretso]] tse pele di neng di le mo Tsebeng ya konokono di ne tsa emisediwa ka dikgokagano tsa kakaretso. Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2004 go ne ga simololwa ''Kgoro ya merafe'',<ref>"[[:en:Wikipedia:Community_Portal|Wikipedia:Community Portal]]", Wikipedia. Retrieved 30 January 2007.</ref> go dira jaaka tsepamo ya maiteko a morafe. Tse di ne di fitlhelelwa mo nakong e e fetileng ka tsela e e sa tlhomamang, ka dingongorego ka bongwe tsa Diphetogo tsa Bosheng, ka mokgwa wa wiki, jaaka tirisanommogo ya nakwana fa gare ga barulaganyi ba ba nang le mogopolo o o tshwanang. * Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse go fitlhela ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ya ngwaga wa 2005 morago ga [[:en:Wikipedia_Seigenthaler_biography_incident|kganetsano ya Seigenthaler]] le matshwenyego a mangwe a a tshwanang,<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons&oldid=31753956 "Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons"], Wikipedia, December 17, 2005, [https://web.archive.org/web/20210609020908/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons&oldid=31753956 archived] from the original on June 9, 2021, retrieved March 16, 2023</ref> dikarolo le melawana e le mmalwa tse di kgatlhanong le tirisobotlhaswa di ne tsa okediwa mo Wikipedia. Tse e ne e le: ** [[m:CheckUser Policy|Molawana wa "Checkuser]]" ([[:en:Software_tool|katoloso]] ya [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]] go thusa go lemoga tirisobotlhaswa ka go dirisa [[:en:Sock_puppet_account|sesupo sa modirisi mo lefelong la tshedimosetso sa maaka sa inthanete]]) e ne ya tlhongwa ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2005.<ref>[[m:CheckUser policy|"CheckUser policy]]", Meta-Wiki. Retrieved 25 January 2007. Checkuser function had previously existed but was known as Espionage – for example, in the Arbitration Committee [[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2005-09-26/Arbitration_report|case of JarlaxleArtemis.]]</ref> Tiro ya [[:en:Checkuser|Checkuser]] e ne e le teng mo nakong e e fetileng mme e ne e tsewa jaaka sedirisiwa sa tsamaiso ka nako eo, ka jalo go ne go sa tlhokege molawana o o akaretsang tiriso ka tlwaelo.<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2005-10-17/News_and_notes|Checkuser proposal]] Wikipedia Signpost</ref> ** Go tlhamiwa ga ditsebe tse dišwa mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane go ne go lekanyeditswe fela barulaganyi ba ba neng ba tlhamile sesupo sa modirisi mo lefelong la tshedimosetso.<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2005-12-05/Page_creation_restrictions|"Page creation restrictions]]", Wikipedia Signpost / English Wikipedia. Retrieved 31 January 2007.</ref> ** Go tsenngwa le go amogelwa ka bonako ga molawana [[:en:Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_people|Wikipedia:Ditshedimosetso tsa batho ba ba tshelang]], go fa thulaganyo e e gagametseng thata ya taolo ya boleng le go tlhola dintlha mo dipegong tsa ditshedimosetso tse di amanang le batho ba ba tshelang. ** Tiro le molawana wa "semi-protection",<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2005-12-26/Semi-protection|"Semi-protection policy]]", Wikipedia Signpost / English Wikipedia. Retrieved 30 January 2007.</ref> e e letlang gore ditsebe di sirelediwe gore e nne fela ba ba nang le sesupo sa modirisi mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ba ba ka kgonang go fetola. *Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 2006, go ne ga tlhagisiwa karolo e ntšha ya "botlhokomedi" mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane, e e letlang badirisi ba le mmalwa ba ba ikanyegang thata go phimolela ruri dipoeletso tsa tsebe tse di nang e e nang le tlolo ya ditshwanelo tsa mokwadi kgotsa tshedimosetso e e senyang seriti sa motho kgotsa ya motho mo ditsong tsa tsebe. Pele ga se, go phimola mofuta wa tsebe go ne go le bokete, mme gape mefuta e e phimotsweng e ne e nna e bonala mo batsamaising ba bangwe mme e ne e ka phimolwa ke bone. *Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2007, setlhopha sa morafpotlana se se neng se bidiwa [[:en:Wikipedia:Esperanza|Esperanza]] se ne sa phatlaladiwa ka tumalano ya setšhaba. Esperanza e ne ya simolola e le maiteko a go rotloetsa “[[:en:Wikipedia:WikiLove|wikilove]]” (lorato le tlotlo magareng ga badirisi ba wiki) le mafaratlhatlha a tshegetso ya loago, mme morago ya itirela ngwao ya sone e e kgethegileng le dithulaganyo tsa sone tsa sephiri.<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2007-01-02/Experanza|Esperanza organization disbanded after deletion discussion]] Wikipedia Signpost 2 January 2007</ref> Go phatlaladiwa ga yone go ne ga tlhalosiwa e le tharabololo e e botlhoko mme e le botlhokwa mo lenaneong le le neng e letleletse barulaganyi go “ipona e le Ba-Esperanza pele ga tsotlhe.<ref>[[:en:WP:MFD/EA|"Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Wikipedia:Esperanza – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia"]]. En.wikipedia.org. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref>” Bontsi jwa mananeo a a mannye a Esperanza a ne a busediwa mo Wikipediang jaaka mananeo a a ikemetseng, mme bontsi jwa one jaanong ga a sa tlhole di dirisiwa. Fa setlhopha se ne se tlhamiwa ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa 2005, go ne go setse go na le matshwenyego a gore kwa bofelong se ne se tla atlholwa ka tsela eo. <ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2005-09-19/Esperanza_group|New group aims to promote Wiki-Love]] Wikipedia Signpost 19 September 2005</ref> *Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2007, maduo a tshekatsheko ya molawana wa dikgwedi di le nne ke setlhopha sa tiro sa barulaganyi ba le makgolo a le mmalwa ba ba neng ba batla go kopanya melawana ya konokono ya Wikipedia go nna molawana o le mongwe wa konokono ([[:en:Wikipedia:Attribution|Wikipedia:Attribution]]) di ne tsa botsolodiwa go bona tshegetso ya morafe. Tshitshinyo ga e a ka ya bona tumalano; pono e e botlhokwa e ne ya bonala gore popego e e leng teng ya melawana e e meraro e e tiileng e e tsepameng e e akaretsang dikarolo tse di farologaneng tsa molwana, e ne e bonwa gangwe le gape e le e e thusang thata mo taolong ya boleng go na le tshitshinyo e le nngwe e e kopantsweng ka kakaretso. Tiro le molawana ya "semi-protection",[207] e e letlang gore ditsebe di sirelediwe gore e nne fela ba ba nang le akhaonto ba ba ka tseleganyang. === Go kokoanya madi === [[Setshwantsho:WMF Support and Revenue, Expenses and Net Assets at Year End.jpg|thumb|Tlhabololo ya matlole ya Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia (ka US$), 2003–2023Bontsho : Dithoto tse di feletseng (ntle le Letlole la Wikimedia, le ga jaanong le emeng ka di dolara di le lekgolo+) Botala: Lotseno (ntle le meneelo ya motho yo mongwe go Wikimedia Endowment) Bohibidu: Ditshenyegelo (go akaretsa le dituelo tsa WMF go Wikimedia Endowment)<ref>[[foundationsite:wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Wikimedia_Foundation_FS_FY2022-2023_Audit_Report.pdf|"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc, Financial Statements, June 30, 2023"]] (PDF). wikimediafoundation.org. October 5, 2023. pp. 3, 14. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240101235700/https://wikimediafoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Wikimedia_Foundation_FS_FY2022-2023_Audit_Report.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.</ref>]] Ngwaga le ngwaga, Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia o tsamaisa matsholo a go kokoanya madi mo Wikipedia go tshegetsa ditiro tsa one. Tse ka kakaretso di tsaya mo e ka nnang kgwedi mme di diragala ka dinako tse di farologaneng tsa ngwaga mo dinageng tse di farologaneng. Mo godimo ga matshwao a phatlalatso a go kokoanya madi mo Wikipedia ka boyone, go na gape le matsholo a melaetsa ya maranyane; melaetsa e mengwe e laletsa batho go tlogela madi a Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia mo diwiling tsa bone.<ref>"[[m:Fundraising#Current_fundraising_activities|Fundraising – Meta"]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220525020516/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fundraising#Current_fundraising_activities Archived] from the original on May 25, 2022. Retrieved May 18, 2022.</ref> <ref>James Lileks (May 2, 2021). [https://www.startribune.com/lileks-wikipedia-wants-me-to-do-what/600052774/ "Lileks: Wikipedia wants me to do what?"]. Star Tribune. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210503001943/https://www.startribune.com/lileks-wikipedia-wants-me-to-do-what/600052774/ Archived] from the original on May 3, 2021. Retrieved May 24, 2022.</ref>Lotseno lo tlhatlogile ngwaga le ngwaga wa go nna teng ga Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia, lwa fitlha go didikadike di le didolara tsa Amerika di le lekgolo le masome a ferabongwe le disente di le lesome le bosupa go tloga ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa 2023, fa lo bapisiwa le ditshenyegelo tsa didikadike di le didolara tsa Amerika di le lekgolo le masome a marataro le borobongwe le disente di le lesome.<ref>[https://www.dailydot.com/debug/wikipedia-endownemnt-fundraising/ "Wikipedia is swimming in money – why is it begging people to donate?"]. The Daily Dot. May 24, 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210524121107/https://www.dailydot.com/debug/wikipedia-endownemnt-fundraising/ Archived] from the original on May 24, 2021. Retrieved September 23, 2021.</ref><ref>[[foundationsite:wp-content/uploads/File:Wikimedia_Foundation_FS_FY2022-2023_Audit_Report.pdf|"File: Wikimedia_Foundation_FS_FY_2022-2023_Audit_Report.pdf – Wikimedia Foundation Governance Wiki"]] (PDF). ''Foundation.wikimedia.org''. October 5, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240101140450/https://wikimediafoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/File:Wikimedia_Foundation_FS_FY2022-2023_Audit_Report.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, Wikimedia Endowment, e leng maiteko a a farologaneng a go kokoanya madi a a simolotsweng ka ngwaga wa 2016, a ne a fitlha ko didikadikeng di le didolara di le lekgolo ka ngwaga wa 2021, dingwaga di le tlhano ka bonako go feta ka fa go neng go rulagantswe ka gone.<ref>[https://diff.wikimedia.org/2021/09/22/the-wikimedia-endowment-reaches-100-million-milestone-and-welcomes-three-new-members-to-its-board-more-on-what-these-developments-mean-for-the-projects-and-movement/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2021/09/22/the-wikimedia-endowment-reaches-100-million-milestone-and-welcomes-three-new-members-to-its-board-more-on-what-these-developments-mean-for-the-projects-and-movement/ "The Wikimedia Endowment reaches $100 million milestone and welcomes three new members to its Board: More on what these developments mean for the projects and movement".] September 22, 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210924014012/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2021/09/22/the-wikimedia-endowment-reaches-100-million-milestone-and-welcomes-three-new-members-to-its-board-more-on-what-these-developments-mean-for-the-projects-and-movement/ Archived] from the original on September 24, 2021. Retrieved September 23, 2021.</ref> === Ditlamorago tsa kwa ntle === * Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Wikipedia e ne ya tsewa e tshwanela go dirisiwa jaaka motswedi o mogolo ke [[:en:UK_Intellectual_Property_Office|Ofisi ya Thoto ya Tlhaloganyo ya UK]] mo katlholong ya kgetse ya letshwaokgwebo la [[:en:Formula_One|Formula One]].<ref>In deciding the trademark of F1 racing {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071031053106/http://www.ipo.gov.uk/tm/t-decisionmaking/t-challenge/t-challenge-decision-results/o16907.pdf|date=31 October 2007}}, the UK Intellectual Property Office considered both the reliability of Wikipedia and its usefulness as a reliable source of evidence:<blockquote>Wikipedia has sometimes suffered from the self-editing that is intrinsic to it, giving rise at times to potentially libellous statements. However, inherently, I cannot see that what is in Wikipedia is any less likely to be true than what is published in a book or on the websites of news organisations. [Formula One's lawyer] did not express any concerns about the Wikipedia evidence [presented by the plaintiff]. I consider that the evidence from Wikipedia can be taken at face value.</blockquote>The case turned substantively upon evidence cited from Wikipedia in 2006 as to the usage and interpretation of the term "F1".</ref> * Fa nako e ntse e ile, Wikipedia e ne ya amogelwa ke metswedi ya dikgang e e tlwaelesegileng jaaka "motswedi o o botlhokwa" wa ditiragalo tse disha tse dikgolo, tse di jaaka [[:en:2004_Indian_Ocean_earthquake|thoromo ya lefatshe ya Lewatle la India ya 2004]] le [[:en:Tsunami|tsunami]] e e amanang le yone, [[:en:2008_American_Presidential_election|ditlhopho tsa botautona tsa Amerika tsa 2008]],<ref>Vargas, Jose Antonio (September 17, 2007). [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/09/16/AR2007091601699.html "On Wikipedia, Debating 2008 Hopefuls' Every Facet".] ''[[:en:The_Washington_Post|The Washington Post]]''. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286 0190-8286.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20230116071359/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/09/16/AR2007091601699.html Archived] from the original on January 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023. <q>...at the same time, it's hard to find a more up-to-date, detailed, thorough article on [[:en:Barack_Obama|Obama]] than Wikipedia's. As of Friday, Obama's article – more than 22 pages long, with 15 sections covering his personal and professional life – had a reference list of 167 sources.</q></ref> le go [[:en:Virginia_Tech_shooting|thuntshiwa ga Virginia Tech]] ka ngwaga wa 2007. Setlhogo sa bofelo se ne sa fitlhelelwa makgetlo a le dikete tse masome a supa le botlhano mo malatsing a mabedi, mme makwalo a dikgang a a gatisitsweng mo lefelong la gaeno go thuntshiwa a oketsa ka gore "Wikipedia e tlhageletse jaaka lefelo la go phepafatsa tshedimosetso e e feletseng ka tiragalo eno."<ref>[http://www.cyberjournalist.net/news/004178.php "Wikipedia emerges as key source for Virginia Tech shootings"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071022200632/http://cyberjournalist.net/news/004178.php|date=22 October 2007}}. ''The New York Times'' via Cyberjournalist.net. 2007. "Even ''[[:en:The_Roanoke_Times|The Roanoke Times]]'', which is published near [[:en:Blacksburg,_Virginia|Blacksburg, Va]]., where the university is located, noted on Thursday that Wikipedia 'has emerged as the clearinghouse for detailed information on the event'."</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mbadi le bongwe ka ngwaga wa 2007, Noam Cohen wa ''New York Times'' o ne a bega gore barutegi bangwe ba ne ba thibela tiriso ya Wikipedia jaaka sedirisiwa sa patlisiso.<ref>Cohen, Noam (February 21, 2007). [https://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/21/education/21wikipedia.html "A History Department Bans Citing Wikipedia as a Research Source]". ''The New York Times''. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170331235327/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/21/education/21wikipedia.html Archived] from the original on March 31, 2017. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola ka ngwaga wa 2007, pego mo lekwalong la dikgang la [[:en:The_Harvard_Crimson|The Harvard Crimson]] e ne ya bega gore baporofesara bangwe kwa Mmadikolo ya Harvard ba ne ba akaretsa Wikipedia mo dithulaganyong tsa bone tsa thuto, mme go ne ga nna le kgaogano mo tseleng e ba neng ba leba go dirisa Wikipedia ka yone.[233] * Ka Phukwi 2013, patlisiso e kgolo e e dirilweng ke diyunibesiti di le nne tse dikgolo e ne ya supa diathikele tse di neng di ngangisanwa thata mo Wikipedia, mme ya fitlhela gore Iseraele, Adolf Hitler le Modimo di ne di ngangisanwa ka bogale go feta ditlhogo dipe tse dingwe.[234] ==== Ditlamorago tsa diathikele tsa bayokerafi ==== Ka gore mekwalo ya matshelo a batho tsa Wikipedia di nna di tokafadiwa gangwe le gape fa tshedimosetso e ntšhwa e nna teng, gantsi di dirisiwa e le motswedi wa tshedimosetso ka matshelo a [[:en:Category:Living_people|batho ba ba tumileng]]. Se se dirile gore go nne le maiteko a go fetola kgotsa go tsenya tshedimosetso ya maaka mo ditlhogong tsa Wikipedia ka maikaelelo a go ipapatša kgotsa go senya seriti sa motho (Bona [[:en:History_of_Wikipedia#Controversies|Karolo ya Dikganetsano]]). Gape se dirile gore go nne le ditsela tse disha tsa go dirisa tshedimosetso ya mokwalo wa matshelo a batho e e fitlhelwang mo go yone. * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa 2005, [[:en:Wikipedia_Seigenthaler_biography_incident|kganetsano ya ga Seigenthaler]] e ne ya nna teng fa motsietsi mongwe a ne a bolela mo Wikipedia gore mmegadikgang John Seigenthaler o ne a na le seabe mo [[:en:Kennedy_assassination|polaong ya ga Kennedy]] ka ngwaga 1963. * Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga 2006, rametlae wa Mojeremane e bong [[:en:Atze_Schröder|Atze Schröder]] o ne a sekisa Arne Klempert, mokwaledi wa [[:en:Wikimedia_Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]] ka gonne a ne a sa batle gore leina la gagwe la mmatota le gatisiwe mo Wikipedia. Moragonyana Schröder o ne a gogela ngongorego ya gagwe morago mme o ne a batla gore ditshenyegelo tsa mmueledi wa gagwe di duelwe ke Klempert. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya swetsa ka gore motaki o tshwanetse go duelela ditshenyegelo tseo ka boene. * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2007, raditiragalo wa Turkey [[:en:Taner_Akçam|Taner Akçam]] o ne a tshwarwa ka nakwana fa a goroga kwa [[:en:Montréal–Pierre_Elliott_Trudeau_International_Airport|Boemafofaneng jwa Boditšhabatšhaba jwa Montréal–Pierre Elliott Trudeau]] ka ntlha ya tshedimosetso ya maaka mo mokwalong wa botshelo jwa gagwe ya Wikipedia e e neng e bolela gore ke serukhutlhi.<ref>[http://news.independent.co.uk/fisk/article2469270.ece "Caught in the deadly web of the internet"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20071001000113/http://news.independent.co.uk/fisk/article2469270.ece Archived] 1 October 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Robert Fisk. [[:en:The_Independent|The Independent]]. 21 April 2007. Retrieved 24 July 2007.</ref><ref>Jay, Paul (June 22, 2007). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20070629051007/http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/tech/wikipedia2.html A question of authority]". [[:en:CBC_News|CBC News]]. Archived from [http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/tech/wikipedia2.html the original] on June 29, 2007. Retrieved July 24, 2007.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa 2008, radipolotiki wa [[:en:The_Left_(Germany)|Lekoko la Left]] la Jeremane e bong [[:en:Lutz_Heilmann|Lutz Heilmann]] o ne a bolela gore mafoko mangwe a a neng a a bua mo setlhogong sa gagwe sa Wikipedia a ne a senya leina la gagwe. O ne a atlega go bona taelo ya kgotlatshekelo ya go dira gore Wikimedia Deutschland e tlose lefelo le le botlhokwa la go batla. Se se ne sa dira gore batho mo lefatsheng lotlhe ba bontshe tshegetso e kgolo mo Wikipediang, ga nna le meneelo e mentsi e e neng ya newa Wikimedia Deutschland, mme palo ya batho ba ba neng ba etela tsebe ya ga Lutz Heilmann letsatsi le letsatsi ya tlhatloga go tswa go ba le mmalwa fela go ya go batho ba ka nna halofo ya milione. Moragonyana ga moo, Heilmann o ne a kopa kgotla gore e phimole taelo eo ya kgotla.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/oddlyEnoughNews/idUSTRE4AI7NB20081119?feedType=RSS&feedName=oddlyEnoughNews&rpc=69 "Lawmaker apologizes for blocking Wikipedia"]. ''Reuters''. November 19, 2008. Retrieved November 20, 2008.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2008, Wikimedia Nederland, kgaolo ya Dutch, e ne ya fenya taelo ya ntlha morago ga gore rakgwebo a golaganngwe mo pegong ya "gagwe" le sekebekwa [[:en:Willem_Holleeder|Willem Holleeder]] mme a batla gore pego eo e phimolwe. Moatlhodi kwa [[:en:Utrecht_(province)|Utrecht]] o ne a dumela polelo ya Wikimedia ya gore ga e na tlhotlheletso mo diteng tsa Wikipedia ya Sedatšhe.<ref>[[wmnl:Wikimedia_Nederland_wint_kort_geding_Sijthoff/en|"Wikimedia Nederland wint kort geding Sijthoff/en – Wikimedia"]]. ''nl.wikimedia.org'' (in Dutch). [https://web.archive.org/web/20230131143955/https://nl.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Nederland_wint_kort_geding_Sijthoff/en Archived] from the original on January 31, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2009, fa radipolotiki wa Mojeremane e bong [[:en:Karl-Theodor_zu_Guttenberg|Karl Theodor Maria Nikolaus Johann Jacob Philipp Franz Joseph Sylvester Buhl-Freiherr von zu Guttenberg]] a ne a nna tona ya puso ya bofederale ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 2009, modirisi yo o sa kwadisiwang o ne a oketsa ka setlhogo sa bolesome le bongwe sa Sejeremane ya ''Wilhelm'' se se filweng ka leina. Dipampiri tsa dikwalo di le dintsi di ne tsa e amogela. Fa batho ba Wikipedia ba ba kelotlhoko ba ne ba leka go tlosa ''Wilhelm'', go fetolwa go ne ga busediwa morago ga go nopolwa makwalo wa dikgang ao. Tsheko e ka go ikanyega ga Wikipedia le babegadikgang ba ba kopololang go tswa mo Wikipedia e ne ya bidiwa ''Falscher Wilhelm'' ("Wilhelm yo sele").<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20101204025315/http://wikimedia.de/fileadmin/wiki/Presse/Pressemitteilungen/pm_Medienkompetenz_1.pdf Wikimedia Deutschland press release"] (PDF). Archived from [http://wikimedia.de/fileadmin/wiki/Presse/Pressemitteilungen/pm_Medienkompetenz_1.pdf the original] (PDF) on December 4, 2010.; [http://futurezone.orf.at/stories/1502467/ ORF Futurezone] [https://web.archive.org/web/20090929010706/http://futurezone.orf.at/stories/1502467/ Archived] 29 September 2009 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Retrieved 27 May 2010.</ref> === Dikarolo tsa ntlha tsa ga Wales le Sanger === ''Bona gape: [[:en:Jimmy_Wales#Co-founder_status_dispute|Jimmy Wales § Kganetsano ya maemo a motlhami-mmogo]], le [[:en:Larry_Sanger#Status_as_Wikipedia_co-founder|Larry Sanger § Boemo jaaka motlhami-mmogo wa Wikipedia]]'' Wales, ga mmogo le ba bangwe, ba ne ba tla ka le go duelela kgopolo ya ensaetlopedia e e bulegileng, e e dirisanang mmogo e e neng e tla amogela meneelo go tswa mo bathong ba ba tlwaelegileng.<ref name=":4" /> Sanger o nnile le seabe se se botlhokwa mo go seo jaaka [[:en:Editor-in-chief|morulaganyi-mogolo]] wa Nupedia le modiri yo mogolo.<ref name=":33">Bergstein, Brian (March 25, 2007). [https://web.archive.org/web/20131005002629/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/17798723/ "Sanger says he co-started Wikipedia"]. NBC News. Associated Press. Archived from [http://www.nbcnews.com/id/17798723 the original] on October 5, 2013. Retrieved March 28, 2007. The nascent Web encyclopedia Citizendium springs from Larry Sanger, a philosophy PhD who counts himself as a co-founder of Wikipedia, the site he now hopes to usurp. The claim doesn't seem particularly controversial – Sanger has long been cited as a co-founder. Yet the other founder, Jimmy Wales, isn't happy about it..</ref> Mo molaetseng wa ga Sanger wa matseno wa lenaane la go romela Nupedia, o ne a bolela gore Jimmy Wales "o ne a ikgolaganya le nna mme a nkopa gore ke dire kopo ya go nna morulaganyi-mogolo wa Nupedia. [...] O ne a na le kgopolo ya Nupedia fa e sa le bobotlana ka letlhafula le le fetileng. O mpolelela gore, fa a akanya ka batho (bogolo jang boradifilosofi) ba ba neng ba ka kgona go laola porojeke eno ka lobaka lo loleele, o ne a tla nna yo o itekanetseng mo tirong eno eleruri ke tiro ya me ya ditoro".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20030710141440/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2000-April/000143.html nupedia-l Introduction"]. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2000-April/000143.html the original] on July 10, 2003. Retrieved November 19, 2013.</ref> Sanger o tshitshintse go dirisa wiki go tlamela ka porojeke e e tlaleletsang ya batho ba ba "tshositsweng le go borega" ke dithulaganyo tse di raraaneng tsa Nupedia,<ref name=":31" /> mme a tlhama leina la "Wikipedia" jaaka leina la porojeke.<ref>Terdiman, Daniel (December 21, 2005). [https://www.cnet.com/news/wikipedia-founder-modifies-his-bio/#! "Wikipedia founder modifies his bio".] [[:en:CNET|CNET]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140327233948/http://www.cnet.com/news/wikipedia-founder-modifies-his-bio/#! Archived] from the original on March 27, 2014.</ref><ref name=":33" /> Se se ne sa bonwa ka bophara jaaka tsela ya go thibolola setšhaba se se golang sa Ba-Nupedia ba ba neng ba fitlhela go le thata go ntsha seabe.<ref name=":33" />Sanger o ne a tswelela go dira mo Nupedia fa a ntse a thusa mo Wikipedia (go akaretsa le go kwala dipholisi tse di jaaka "Itlhokomolose melao yotlhe"<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20010416035716/http://www.wikipedia.com/wiki/RulesToConsider "Rules To Consider]". Ignore all rules. [[:en:Internet_Archive|Internet Archive]]. Archived from [https://www.wikipedia.com/wiki/RulesToConsider the original] on April 16, 2001. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref> le "Pono e e sa tseyeng letlhakore"<ref name=":32" />) mme a dira le moeteledipele wa go fitlhelela batho go aga setšhaba sa barulaganyi ba Nupedia le Wikipedia.<ref name=":33" /> Fa a tsamaya ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2002, Sanger o ne a gatelela gore kgang e kgolo e ne e le fela go emisiwa ga go newa madi a seabe sa gagwe, se se neng se sa kgonege ka nako e e rileng,<ref name=":30" /> mme a rotloetsa ba bangwe go tswelela go tsenya letsogo mo Wikipedia fa a ntse a ela tlhoko gore Nupedia e ne e ka se kgone go tshela kwantle ga morulaganyi-mogolo wa nako e e tletseng]<ref name=":30" />. Moragonyana mo ngwageng oo o ne a emisa go tsenya letsogo mo lenaneong lepe la tsone, mme ka ngwaga wa 2004 o ne a setse a tshwaya Wikipedia diphoso phatlalatsa. Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2004 o ne a kwala tlhamo a nganga gore Wikipedia e ne e na le bothata jwa go nna kgatlhanong le batho ba maemo.<ref name=":34">[https://features.slashdot.org/story/05/04/18/164213/the-early-history-of-nupedia-and-wikipedia-a-memoir "The Early History of Nupedia and Wikipedia: A Memoir – Slashdot"]. features.slashdot.org. April 18, 2005. Retrieved August 21, 2023.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2005 o ne a gatisa buka ya dikgopolo tsa botshelo ya dikarolo tse pedi ya tiro ya gagwe ka ga Nupedia le Wikipedia, a tlhagisa seabe sa gagwe mo go di tlhameng le tumelo e e tswelelang ya gore Nupedia e tshwanelwa ke go bolokwa.<ref name=":34" /> Moragonyana mo ngwageng oo Wales e ne ya simolola go kgarameletsa morago go tlhalosa ga ga Sanger seabe sa gagwe mo lenaneong.<ref name=":35">Mitchell, Dan (December 24, 2005). "[https://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/24/technology/24online.ready.html?ex=1293080400&en=431aff478b00239e&ei=5090&partner=rssuserland&emc=rss Insider Editing at Wikipedia]". [[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20071013084516/http://nytimes.com/2005/12/24/technology/24online.ready.html?ex=1293080400&en=431aff478b00239e&ei=5090&partner=rssuserland&emc=rss Archived] from the original on October 13, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref><ref>Hansen, Evan (December 19, 2005). [https://web.archive.org/web/20061230053039/http://www.wired.com/news/culture/0%2C1284%2C69880%2C00.html "Wikipedia Founder Edits Own Bio"]. [[:en:Wired_(magazine)|Wired]]. [[:en:Wired_News|Wired News]]. Archived from [https://www.wired.com/news/culture/0,1284,69880,00.html the original] on December 30, 2006. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref><ref>Finkelstein, Seth (February 12, 2009). [https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2009/feb/12/wiki-answers-wikia "What's in a name? Everything, when you're talking wiki value".] [[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131002212052/http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2009/feb/12/wiki-answers-wikia Archived] from the original on October 2, 2013. Retrieved February 12, 2009.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa 2006, morago ga go thankgololwa ga Citizendium, Sanger o ne a kgala Wikipedia thata, a e tlhalosa e le "e e thubegileng e e ka se kang ya baakanngwa."<ref>Thomson, Iain (April 13, 2007). [https://web.archive.org/web/20070426034156/http://www.iwr.co.uk/information-world-review/news/2187709/wikipedia-broken-beyond-repair "Wikipedia 'broken beyond repair' says co-founder"]. [[:en:Information_World_Review|Information World Review]]. Archived from [http://www.iwr.co.uk/information-world-review/news/2187709/wikipedia-broken-beyond-repair the original] on April 26, 2007. Retrieved April 15, 2007.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2005, Wales o ne a itlhalosa fela jaaka mothei wa Wikipedia;<ref name=":35" /> le fa go ntse jalo, go ya ka Brian Bergstein wa [[:en:Associated_Press|Associated Press]], "Sanger ga a bolo go umakiwa jaaka mothei-mmogo."<ref name=":33" /> Sanger le Wales ba ne ba umakiwa jaaka mothei-mmogo mo dipegelong tse di farologaneng tsa dipotsolotso go tswa mo dipegelong tse dišwa tsa bobegadikgang le, ka ngwaga 2001<ref name=":36">Peter Meyers (September 20, 2001). [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9800E5D6123BF933A1575AC0A9679C8B63&n=Top%2fReference%2fTimes%20Topics%2fSubjects%2fC%2fComputer%20Software "Fact-Driven? Collegial? This Site Wants You"]. The New York Times. [https://web.archive.org/web/20071226154410/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9800E5D6123BF933A1575AC0A9679C8B63&n=Top%2FReference%2FTimes%20Topics%2FSubjects%2FC%2FComputer%20Software Archived] from the original on December 26, 2007. Retrieved April 18, 2007. It's kind of surprising that you could just open up a site and let people work," said Jimmy Wales, Wikipedia's co-founder and the chief executive of Bomis, a San Diego search engine company that donates the computer resources for the project. "There's kind of this real social pressure to not argue about things." Instead, he said, "there's a general consensus among all of the really busy volunteers about what an encyclopedia article needs to be like.</ref> le ngwaga wa 2002.<ref>Wales, Jimmy (August 6, 2002). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20090408184006/http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/xodp/message/1720 3apes open content web directory]". [[:en:Yahoo!|Yahoo! Tech Groups forum post.]] [[:en:WebCite|WebCite]]. Archived from [http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/xodp/message/1720 the original] on April 8, 2009. Retrieved April 3, 2009. I'm Jimmy Wales, co-founder of Nupedia and Wikipedia, the open content encyclopedias.</ref> Pele ga kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga 2004, Wales e ne e sa ganetse maemo a ga Sanger jaaka motlhami-mmogo.<ref>Bishop, Todd (January 26, 2004). [https://www.seattlepi.com/business/article/Microsoft-Notebook-Wiki-pioneer-planted-the-seed-1135376.php "Microsoft Notebook: Wiki pioneer planted the seed and watched..."] Seattle Post-Intelligencer. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200225123302/https://www.seattlepi.com/business/article/Microsoft-Notebook-Wiki-pioneer-planted-the-seed-1135376.php Archived] from the original on February 25, 2020. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, Wales o ne a re, "O ne a tle a ntirele [...] Ga ke dumalane le go mmitsa motlhami-mmogo, mme o rata sereto".<ref>James Niccolai, [http://www.pcadvisor.co.uk/news/index.cfm?newsid=7177 "Wikipedia taking on the vandals in Germany]" [https://web.archive.org/web/20071022165415/http://pcadvisor.co.uk/news/index.cfm?newsid=7177 Archived] 22 October 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. [[:en:PC_Advisor|PC Advisor]]. 26 September 2006.</ref> Go simolola ka 2006, fa Sanger a ne a kwala le go botsolodiwa thata ka ga go simololwa ga Citizendium, o ne a gatelela maemo a gagwe jaaka motlhami-mmogo, le metswedi eno ya pele e e neng e mo tlhalosa jalo.<ref name=":33" /><ref name=":36" /><ref>Heim, Judy (September 4, 2001). "[http://www.technologyreview.com/Infotech/12586/ Free the Encyclopedias!"]. ''[[:en:Technology_Review|Technology Review]]''. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref><ref>Sanger, Larry. "[http://www.larrysanger.org/roleinwp.html My role in Wikipedia (links)]". ''larrysanger.org''. Larry Sanger. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070312163901/http://www.larrysanger.org/roleinwp.html Archived] from the original on March 12, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref> === Dikganetsano === ''Dipego tse dikgolo: [[:en:Criticism_of_Wikipedia|Go Kganetsa Wikipedia,]] [[:en:Litigation_involving_the_Wikimedia_Foundation|Ditsheko tse di amang Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia,]] le [[:en:Reliability_of_Wikipedia|Go Ikanyega ga Wikipedia]]'' * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa 2005, [[:en:Wikipedia_Seigenthaler_biography_incident|kganetsano ya ga Seigenthaler]] e ne ya dira gore Brian Chase a tlogele tiro ya gagwe, morago ga gore Daniel Brandt wa [[:en:Wikipedia_Watch|Wikipedia Watch]] a senole gore ke ene yo o neng a dira diphetogo tseo. Morago ga tiragalo eo, lokwalo la dikgang lwa saense lwa [[:en:Nature_(journal)|Nature]] lo ne lwa dira patlisiso e e [[:en:Peer_review|sekasekilweng ke baitseanape]] go bapisa dipego tsa Wikipedia le tse di tshwanang le tsone mo [[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica|''Encyclopædia Britannica'']]. mme e ne ya fitlhelela gore tsotlhe tseo di ne di lekana ka nepagalo ya tshedimosetso.<ref>Giles, Jim (2005). [[doi:10.1038/438900a|"Internet encyclopaedias go head to head"]]. Nature. 438 (7070): 900–901. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005Natur.438..900G 2005Natur.438..900G.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1038/438900a|10.1038/438900a]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0028-0836 0028-0836]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16355180 16355180]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:4417563 4417563].</ref> <ref>"[http://www.nature.com/news/2005/051212/multimedia/438900a_m1.html The (Nature) peer review"]. Nature. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100410155113/http://www.nature.com/news/2005/051212/multimedia/438900a_m1.html Archived] from the original on April 10, 2010. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref>''Britannica'' e ne ya ganetsa mokgwa o patlisiso eo e neng ya dirwa ka one le diphitlhelelo tsa yone.<ref>Britannica: [http://corporate.britannica.com/britannica_nature_response.pdf Fatally Flawed. Refuting the recent study on encyclopedic accuracy by the journal Nature] [https://web.archive.org/web/20160709053629/http://corporate.britannica.com/britannica_nature_response.pdf Archived] 9 July 2016 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]</ref> Nature yone ga e a ka ya kopa maitshwarelo; go na le moo, e ne ya ema ka natla mo boikanyegong jwa patlisiso ya yone mme ya gana tsotlhe tsa diphoso tse di neng tsa supiwa.<ref>[https://www.nature.com/nature/britannica/index.html "Nature's responses to Encyclopaedia Britannica"]. Nature. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170515025717/https://www.nature.com/nature/britannica/index.html Archived] from the original on May 15, 2017. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Mo tshimologong go ya bogareng jwa ngwaga wa 2006, [[:en:Congressional_staffer_edits_to_Wikipedia|dikganetsano tse di amanang le baithusi ba maloko a Congress ka ga]] [[:en:Congressional_staffer_edits_to_Wikipedia|mekwalo ya matshelo a motho]] tsa Wikipedia di ne tsa tsenngwa mo pepeneneng. Go ne ga lemogiwa gore baithusi ba dipolotiki ba ne ba leka go tlhotlheletsa mekwalo ya matshelo a motho tsa boradipolotiki ba le mmalwa mo Wikipediang. Ba ne ba tlosa tshedimosetso e ba neng ba sa e rate (go akaretsa dipolelo tse di nyatsang le ditshepiso tsa letsholo la ditlhopho tse di neng di sa diragadiwa), ba tsenya tshedimosetso e e ba tlhagisang ka tsela e e siameng kgotsa dipolelo tsa go ba tlotla thata, kgotsa ba emisetsa karolo nngwe kgotsa setlhogo sotlhe ka mekwalo ya botshelo jwa motho e e kwadilweng ke badiri ba bona. Badiri ba boradipolotiki ba le batlhano bonnye ba ne ba amanngwa le ditiragalo tseno: [[:en:Marty_Meehan|Marty Meehan]], [[:en:Norm_Coleman|Norm Coleman]], [[:en:Conrad_Burns|Conrad Burns]], [[:en:Joe_Biden|Joe Biden]] le [[:en:Gil_Gutknecht|Gil Gutknecht]]. Ditiro tse di neng tsa kwalwa tsotlhe e ne e le tse di latelang.<ref name=":27" /> {| class="wikitable" |+ !Mopolotiki !Phetogo e dirilweng !Motswedi |- |[[:en:Joe_Biden|Joe Biden]], Senator wa Delaware |Go tlosiwa ga tshedimosetso e e neng e sa mo tsenye mo seemong se se siameng. |<ref name=":27">Nate Anderson (January 31, 2006). [https://arstechnica.com/news.ars/post/20060130-6079.html "Congressional staffers edit boss's bio on Wikipedia"]. arstechnica. [https://web.archive.org/web/20081012062850/http://arstechnica.com/news.ars/post/20060130-6079.html Archived] from the original on October 12, 2008. Retrieved June 9, 2014.</ref><ref name=":28">Noguchi, Yuki (February 9, 2006). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/02/08/AR2006020802212.html "Wikipedia's Help From the Hill"]. www.washingtonpost.com. Washington Post. Retrieved February 18, 2026.</ref> |- |[[:en:Conrad_Burns|Conrad Burns]], senator wa Montana |Go tlosiwa ga dipolelo tse di neng di mo nyatsa, mme ga tsenngwa dipolelo tse di mo tlotlang e le “lentswe la molemi.” |<ref name=":28" /><ref>Williams, Walt (November 6, 2025) [February 8, 2006]. [https://www.bozemandailychronicle.com/news/burns-office-may-have-tampered-with-wikipedia-entry/article_2b39cf61-340f-5f5b-9933-3e09f3e2de84.html "Burns' office may have tampered with Wikipedia entry]". [[:en:Bozeman_Daily_Chronicle|Bozeman Daily Chronicle]]. Retrieved February 13, 2007.</ref> |- |[[:en:Norm_Coleman|Norm Coleman]], Senator wa Minnesota |Go kwalwa sešwa ga setlhogo gore se mo tlhagise ka tsela e e siameng, go akaretsa go fetolwa ga lefoko “liberal” ka “activist.” |<ref name=":27" /><ref name=":28" /><ref name=":29">Davis, Matthew (February 9, 2006). [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/4695376.stm "Congress 'made Wikipedia changes'"]. news.bbc.co.uk. BBC News. Retrieved February 18, 2026.</ref> |- |[[:en:Gil_Gutknecht|Gil Gutknecht,]] Puthego ya Minnesota |Badiri ba gagwe ba ne ba kwala setlhogo sešwa mme ba tlosa tshedimosetso ka ga tsotlhe ya letsholo la gagwe la ditlhopho e a neng a sa e diragatse, Go dirwa maiteko a le mmalwa la ntlha ka akhaonto e e nang le leina, mme morago ka aterese ya IP e e sa itsiweng. |Mmueledi wa ga Gutknecht ga a ka a ganetsa gore ofisi ya gagwe e ne ya baakanya setlhogo seo, mme o ne a belaela gore tshedimosetso ya Wikipedia e ka ikanngwa.<ref>Diaz, Kevin (August 16, 2006). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20060821074302/http://www.startribune.com/587/story/618899.html Gutknecht joins Wikipedia tweakers".] Minneapolis-St. Paul Star Tribune. Archived from [http://www.startribune.com/587/story/618899.html the original] on August 21, 2006.</ref> |- |[[:en:Marty_Meehan|Marty Meehan]], Phutego ya Massachusetts |Go emisetswa ga setlhogo ka baekerafi e e kwadilweng ke badiri ba gagwe, go akaretsa go tlosiwa ga tshedimosetso ka ga tsotlhe ya letsholo la gagwe la ditlhopho e a neng a sa e diragatse. |<ref name=":27" /><ref name=":29" /> |} * Mo tiragalong e e farologaneng mme e e tshwanang, motsamaisi wa letsholo la ga [[:en:Cathy_Cox_(American_politician)|Cathy Cox]] la go nna [[:en:Governor_of_Georgia|mmusi wa Georgia]], Morton Brilliant, o ne a rola tiro morago ga go fitlhelwa a okeditse tshedimosetso e e sa siamang mo dikwalong tsa Wikipedia tsa baganetsi ba sepolotiki.<ref>Information included the mention of an opponent's son's arrest in a fatal drunk driving crash and allegations of questionable business practices of another opponent. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110524041212/http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2002958137_campaign28m.html "Online postings changed; ex-Gregoire aide resigns"]. The Seattle Times. April 28, 2006. Archived from [http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2002958137_campaign28m.html the original] on May 24, 2011. Retrieved July 27, 2013.</ref> Morago ga go phatlaladiwa mo metsweding ya dikgang, ditiragalo tse di ne tsa fokotsega ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2006. * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2006, Joshua Gardner o ne a senolwa jaaka Kgosi ya maaka ya Cleveland e e nang le tsebe ya Wikipedia.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/GMA/LegalCenter/story?id=1501916 "Student Reporters Expose 'Royal' Sex Offender]". ABC News. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230325084727/https://abcnews.go.com/GMA/LegalCenter/story?id=1501916 Archived] from the original on March 25, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2007, ba-Wikipedia ba puo ya Seesemane kwa [[:en:Qatar|Qatar]] ba ne ba thibelwa ka nakwana go fetola, morago ga go senya dilo ka bontsi, ke motsamaisi yo o neng a sa lemoge gore pharakano ya maranyane a lefatshe le e tsamaisiwa ka tsedimosetso e e bontshang lefelo la motho e le nngwe ya IP. Metswedi e mentsi ya bobegakgang e ne ya bolela ka bonako gore Wikipedia e ne e thibela Qatar go tsena mo lefelong leno.<ref>"[http://www.informationweek.com/story/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=196800476 Wikipedia Founder Refutes Claims That It Banned Qatar]" [https://web.archive.org/web/20071022202210/http://informationweek.com/story/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=196800476 Archived] 22 October 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Thomas Claburn. [[:en:InformationWeek|''InformationWeek'']]. 2 January 2007.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola masome a mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2007, modiri mongwe wa [[:en:Microsoft|Microsoft]] o ne a ithaopela go duela [[:en:Rick_Jelliffe|Rick Jelliffe]] go sekaseka le go fetola dipego dingwe tsa Wikipedia malebana le mofuta wa tokomane ya motswedi o o bulegileng o o neng o gaisana le fomete ya Microsoft.<ref>Bergstein, Brian (January 23, 2007). [https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna16775981 "Microsoft offers cash for Wikipedia edit"]. [[:en:NBC_News|NBC News]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131205062212/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/16775981 Archived] from the original on December 5, 2013. Retrieved February 1, 2007.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2007, lekwalo la dikgang wa [[:en:The_New_Yorker|The New Yorker]] o ne wa ntsha paakanyo e e sa tlwaelegang ya gore morulaganyi yo o tlhageletseng wa [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] le motsamaisi yo o bidiwang "Essjay", o ne a tlhamile motho a dirisa dintlha tsa boitshupo tse di itlhametsweng.<ref>[[:en:Stacy_Schiff|Schiff, Stacy]] (July 24, 2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20060813110914/http://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/060731fa_fact "Annals of Information: Know It All: Can Wikipedia conquer expertise?]". [[:en:The_New_Yorker|The New Yorker]]. Archived from [https://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/060731fa_fact the original] on August 13, 2006. Retrieved April 16, 2007.</ref><ref>Finkelstein, Seth (March 8, 2007). "[https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2007/mar/08/media.comment Read me first]". The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070329052204/http://technology.guardian.co.uk/weekly/story/0,,2028328,00.html Archived] from the original on March 29, 2007. Retrieved April 16, 2007.</ref>Motseleganyi, [[:en:Essjay_controversy|Ryan Jordan]], o ne a nna modiri wa Wikia ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2007 mme a senola leina la gagwe la mmantota; se se ne sa lemogwa ke Daniel Brandt wa Wikipedia Watch, mme a itsisiwe mokwadi wa setlhogo sa ntlha ([[:en:Essjay_controversy|kganetsano ya ga Essjay]]). * Gape ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2007, Barbara Bauer, moemedi wa dikwalo, o ne a sekisa Wikimedia ka ntlha ya go senya leina le go baka kotsi mo kgwebong ya gagwe, e leng Setheo sa Dikwalo sa Barbara Bauer.<ref>[https://www.eff.org/cases/bauer-v-glatzer "Bauer v. Wikimedia et al. | Electronic Frontier Foundation".] Eff.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100412233037/https://www.eff.org/cases/bauer-v-glatzer Archived] from the original on April 12, 2010. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref>Mo tshekong ya ga ''Bauer'' kgatlhanong le ''Glatzer'', Bauer o ne a bolela gore tshedimosetso e e mo Wikipedia e e neng e tshwaya bokgoni jwa gagwe jaaka moemedi wa dikwalo diphoso ke yone e e bakileng kotsi eno. [[:en:Electronic_Frontier_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Molelwane wa Eleketeroniki]] o ne wa sireletsa Wikipedia<ref>[https://www.eff.org/press/archives/2008/05/02 "EFF and Sheppard Mullin Defend Wikipedia in Defamation Case | Electronic Frontier Foundation".] Eff.org. May 2, 2008. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100407223854/http://www.eff.org/press/archives/2008/05/02 Archived] from the original on April 7, 2010. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> mme wa fuduga go kgaola tsheko ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 2008.<ref>[https://www.eff.org/files/filenode/wikimedia/motiontoquashmemo-wikimedia.pdf Motion to quash case (PDF)] [https://web.archive.org/web/20161020140651/https://www.eff.org/files/filenode/wikimedia/motiontoquashmemo-wikimedia.pdf Archived] 20 October 2016 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. EFF.org. 1 May 2008. Retrieved 19 October 2012.</ref> Tsheko kgatlhanong le Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia e ne ya kgaolwa ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola letsatsi le le lengwe ka ngwaga wa 2008.<ref>[https://www.eff.org/cases/bauer-v-glatzer "Bauer v. Wikimedia et al. | Electronic Frontier Foundation"]. Eff.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100713053150/http://www.citmedialaw.org/threats/bauer-v-wikimedia Archived] from the original on April 12, 2010. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo ka ngwaga wa 2007, modirisi mongwe yo o sa itsiweng o ne a [[:en:Chris_Benoit_double-murder_and_suicide#Wikipedia_controversy|tsenya tshedimosetso ya maaka]] e, ka tshoganyetso fela, e neng e tshwantshetsa [[:en:Chris_Benoit_double-murder_and_suicide|polao-go ipolaya ga ga Chris Benoit]], dioura di le mmalwa pele ga ditopo di bonwa ke babatlisisi. Go ribololwa ga tseleganyo go ne ga ngoka tlhokomelo e e anameng ya bobegakgang mme go ne ga begwa la ntlha mo saeteng ya kgaitsadi ya [[wikinews:Death of Nancy Benoit rumour posted on Wikipedia hours prior to the body being found|Wikinews]]. * Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2007, mo dipegelong tsa bone tsa loso lwa motlhami wa setlhogo sa sesupaditshwantso yo o sa tswang go tlhokafala [[:en:Ronnie_Hazlehurst|Ronnie Hazlehurst]], mekgatlho e le mentsi ya bobegakgang ya Borithane e ne ya bega gore o ne a kwala mmogo le ene pina ya [[:en:S_Club_7|S Club 7]] ya "[[:en:Reach_(S_Club_7_song)|Reach]]". Tota e bile, o ne a sa dira jalo, mme go ne ga lemogiwa gore tshedimosetso eo e ne e tserwe mo tseleganyong ya tsietso ya setlhogo sa ga Hazlehurst sa Wikipedia.<ref>Orlowski, Andrew. "[https://www.theregister.com/2007/10/03/wikipedia_obituary_cut_and_paste/ Braindead obituarists hoaxed by Wikipedia"]. The Register. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055525/https://www.theregister.com/2007/10/03/wikipedia_obituary_cut_and_paste/ Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2009, Lefelo la Bosetšhaba la Ditshwantsho le ne la ntsha lekwalo la go emisa le go tlogela tiro ka ntlha ya go tlola tshwanelo ya go kwala, kgatlhanong le morulaganyi wa Wikipedia yo o neng a laisolola ditshwantsho tse di fetang dikete tse tharo tsa setshwantso sa boleng jo bo ko godimo go tswa mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ya Mokgatlho wa NPG, mme a di baya mo [[:en:Wikimedia_Commons|Wikimedia Commons]] [[:en:National_Portrait_Gallery_and_Wikimedia_Foundation_copyright_disputehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Portrait_Gallery_and_Wikimedia_Foundation_copyright_dispute|(National Portrait Gallery and Wikimedia Foundation copyright dispute]])<ref>Kennedy, Maev (July 14, 2009). "[https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2009/jul/14/national-portrait-gallery-wikipedia-row Legal row over National Portrait Gallery images placed on Wikipedia".] The Guardian. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077 0261-3077]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170213165734/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2009/jul/14/national-portrait-gallery-wikipedia-row Archived] from the original on February 13, 2017. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100116135932/http://www.bjp-online.com/public/showPage.html?page=865802 "National Portrait Gallery receives support from BAPLA in its legal fight against Wikipedia]". Bjp-online.com. Archived from [http://www.bjp-online.com/public/showPage.html?page=865802 the original] on January 16, 2010. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref><ref>[https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/arts_and_culture/8151989.stm "Gallery in Wikipedia legal threat"]. July 15, 2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090719231100/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/arts_and_culture/8151989.stm Archived] from the original on July 19, 2009. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>[http://www.metro.co.uk/news/article.html?National_Portrait_Gallery_sues_Wikipedia&in_article_id=702647&in_page_id=34 "National Portrait Gallery sues Wikipedia]". Metro. UK. July 14, 2009. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref><ref>[https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/8156268.stm "Wikipedia painting row escalates]". July 17, 2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090723012706/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/8156268.stm Archived] from the original on July 23, 2009. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Moranang le kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 2010, go ne ga nna le kganetsano ka ga go amogela le go bontshiwa ga ditshwantsho tsa thobalano le ditshwantsho tse di fatlhang go akaretsa le ditshwantsho tsa bana mo Wikipedia.<ref>Schofield, Jack (May 12, 2010)[https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2010/may/10/ipad-apple . "Wikipedia's porn purge, and cleaning up for the iPad"]. The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131104202826/http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2010/may/10/ipad-apple Archived] from the original on November 4, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2010.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20101023073605/http://www.foxnews.com/scitech/2010/05/07/wikipedia-purges-porn/ "EXCLUSIVE: Wikipedia's Parent Company Starts Purging Porn From Its Websites"]. [[:en:Fox_News|Fox News]]. May 7, 2010. Archived from [http://www.foxnews.com/scitech/2010/05/07/wikipedia-purges-porn/ the original] on October 23, 2010. Retrieved October 24, 2010.</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10104946 "Wikimedia pornography row deepens as Wales cedes rights"]. BBC. May 10, 2010. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100618192131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/10104946.stm Archived] from the original on June 18, 2010. Retrieved October 24, 2010.</ref> E ne ya dira gore diteng tsa ditshwantsho tse di fatlhang di tlosiwe ka bontsi mo mafelong a Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia.<ref>"[http://www.mail-archive.com/foundation-l@lists.wikimedia.org/msg10574.html Jimmy Wales – Where things stand now".] May 8, 2010. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121010080055/http://www.mail-archive.com/foundation-l@lists.wikimedia.org/msg10574.html Archived] from the original on October 10, 2012. Retrieved November 28, 2010.</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10104946 "Wikimedia pornography row deepens as Wales cedes rights".] BBC. May 10, 2010. [https://web.archive.org/web/20101130150909/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10104946 Archived] from the original on November 30, 2010. Retrieved November 28, 2010.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa 2012, [[:en:Lord_Justice_Leveson|Lord Justice Leveson]] o ne a kwala jaana mo pegelong ya gagwe ka ga maemo a bobegadikgang jwa Borithane, "''The Independent'' e ne ya tlhongwa ka ngwaga wa 1986 ke babegadikgang e bong Andreas Whittam Smith, Stephen Glover le Brett Straub..." O ne a dirisitse setlhogo sa Wikipedia sa lekwalo la dikgang la [[:en:The_Independent|''The Independent'']] jaaka motswedi wa gagwe, mme tiro ya go senya le Brett Straub (moanelwa yo o sa itsiweng). <ref>McSmith, Andy (November 30, 2012). [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/press/levesons-wikipedia-moment-how-internet-research-on-the-independents-history-left-him-redfaced-8372446.html "Leveson's Wikipedia moment: how internet 'research' on The Independent's history left him red-faced"]. The Independent. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121204151536/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/press/levesons-wikipedia-moment-how-internet-research-on-the-independents-history-left-him-redfaced-8372446.html Archived] from the original on December 4, 2012. Retrieved December 8, 2012.</ref>''The Economist'' e ne ya bua jaana ka [[:en:Leveson_report|pegelo ya ga Leveson]], "Dikarolo tsa yone ke tiro ya sekere le go kgomaretsa e e tserweng mo Wikipedia."<ref>[https://www.economist.com/news/leaders/21567944-somewhat-mediocre-report-could-yet-lead-better-press-rules-britain-hacked-pieces "The Leveson Inquiry: Hacked to pieces]". The Economist. December 8, 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121227113012/http://www.economist.com/news/leaders/21567944-somewhat-mediocre-report-could-yet-lead-better-press-rules-britain-hacked-pieces Archived] from the original on December 27, 2012. Retrieved December 26, 2012.</ref> * Mo bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2013, batshwaedi ba ne ba abelana phatlalatsa ka ditshwaelo tsa go tlhagelela gape ga ditshwantsho tse dintsi tse di hepisang tse di phimotsweng mo Wikipedia fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref>Gray, Lila (September 17, 2013). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20131021064635/http://newswire.xbiz.com/view.php?id=169017 Wikipedia Gives Porn a Break"]. XBIZ.com. Archived from [http://newswire.xbiz.com/view.php?id=169017 the original] on October 21, 2013. Retrieved October 20, 2013.</ref> === Diphetogo tse di itsegeng le mananeo a a tswang mo go tsone === Go na le palo e kgolo ya dikaelo tsa [[:en:Wikipedia:Mirrors_and_forks|seipone tsa Wikipedia le diphetogo tse di itlhaotseng]]. Mafelo a mangwe mo maranyaneng le one a dirisa lenaneo le le laolang sesupaditlhaka sa MediaWiki le kgopolo ya yone, e e neng ya itsege thata ka ntlha ya Wikipedia. Ga go na lenaane le le tlhokometsweng la mafelo ano. Diphetogo tse di itlhophileng tsa dipuo tsa kwa ntle tse di dirisang kgopolo ya Wikipedia di akaretsa [[:en:Enciclopedia_Libre_Universal_en_Español|Enciclopedia Libre]] (ka puo ya Spanish), ''Wikiweise'' (ka puo ya Sejeremane), ''WikiZnanie'' (ka puo ya Serussia), [[:en:Susning.nu|Susning.nu]] (puo ya Seswedishe), le Baidu Baike (puo ya China). Mangwe a mafelo ano (jaaka ''Enciclopedia Libre)'' a dirisa ditetla tsa [[:en:GFDL|GFDL]] kgotsa tse di tsamaisanang le tsone tse di dirisiwang ke Wikipedia, mme seno se dira gore go nne le go ananya diteng le Wikipediang ya puo ya bone. Ka ngwaga wa 2006, Sanger o ne a tlhama [[:en:Citizendium|Citizendium]], e e neng e ikaegile ka mofuta o o fetotsweng wa [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]]. Lefelo la tshedimosetso leo le ne la re le ikaelela “go tokafatsa mokgwa wa Wikipedia ka go nna le tlhokomelo e e bonolo ya baitseanape, gareng ga dilo tse dingwe.” Ka ngwaga wa 2006 gape, motlhotlheletsi wa sepolotiki wa maikutlo a a tlhomameng le mmueledi [[:en:Andrew_Schlafly|Andrew Schlafly]] o ne a tlhama [[:en:Conservapedia|Conservapedia]], e e neng e ikaegile ka MediaWiki. === Phasalatso mo metsweding e mengwe === [[:en:German_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejeremane]] e ne e le ya ntlha go gatisiwa ka bontlhabongwe gape go dirisiwa metswedi e mengwe ya dikgang (go na le mo maranyaneng), go akaretsa le go gololwa mo CD ka Ngwanaitseele 2004[291] le mefuta e e atolositsweng mo sedirisiweng sa polokelo sa CDkgotsa DVD ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2005 le kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2006. Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2005 mogatisi wa Zenodot mbH, e leng kompone e e amanang le Directmedia,e gatisitse buka ya ditsebe di le lekgolo le masome a mararo le borobabongwe e e tlhalosang Wikipedia, ditso tsa yone le melawana ya yone, e e neng e patilwe ke sedirisiwa sa polokelo sa DVD ya bogolo jwa B jwa bosupa ntlha ya sephatlho e e nang le dipego di le dikete tse makgolo a a mararo le ditshwantsho di le dikete di le lekgolo go tswa mo Wikipedia ya Sejeremane.<ref>[http://www.heise.de/newsticker/result.xhtml?url=/newsticker/meldung/67137&words=Wikipedia%20DVD "Neue Wikipedia-DVD im Handel und zum Download"] (in German). [https://web.archive.org/web/20070605174842/http://www.heise.de/newsticker/result.xhtml?url=%2Fnewsticker%2Fmeldung%2F67137&words=Wikipedia%20DVD Archived] from the original on June 5, 2007. Retrieved April 25, 2007.</ref> Kwa tshimologong, Directmedia le yone e ne ya itsise ka maano a go gatisa Wikipedia ya Sejeremane ka botlalo, ka bogolo jwa volume di le lekgolo tsa ditsebe di le makgolo a le borobabobedi tsebe nngwe le nngwe. Kgatiso e ne e tshwanetse go simolola ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2006, mme e fele ka ngwaga wa 2010. Le fa go ntse jalo, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2006, lenaneo leo le ne la emisiwa.<ref>"[http://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/71231 Wikipedia wird noch nicht gedruckt]" (in German). March 24, 2006. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070416131622/http://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/71231 Archived] from the original on April 16, 2007. Retrieved April 25, 2007.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga w 2008, [[:en:Bertelsmann|Bertelsmann]] o ne a gatisa bolumo ya ditsebe di le sekete e e nang le dipego tse di tlhophilweng tse di tumileng tsa Wikipedia ya Sejeremane. Bertelsmann o ne a duela ka go ithaopa Yuro e le nngwe ka kopololo nngwe le nngwe e e rekisitsweng kwa [[:en:Wikimedia_Deutschland|Wikimedia]] [[:en:Wikimedia_Deutschland|ya Deutschland]].<ref>online, heise (March 24, 2006). "[https://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/Wikipedia-wird-noch-nicht-gedruckt-112468.html Wikipedia wird noch nicht gedruckt"]. heise online (in German). [https://web.archive.org/web/20181118200418/https://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/Wikipedia-wird-noch-nicht-gedruckt-112468.html Archived] from the original on November 18, 2018. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Porojeke ya lenaneo la ditaelo tsa sesupaditshwantso mahala le yone e simolotswe go dira gore mofuta o o sa fetogeng wa [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] o nne teng gore o dirisiwe mo [[:en:IPod|di-iPod]]. Lenaneo la “Encyclopodia” e ne ya simololwa mo e ka nnang ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga 2006 mme jaanong e ka dirisiwa mo di-iPod tsa kokomana ya ntlha go fitlha ya bonè.<ref>[https://encyclopodia.sourceforge.net/en/index.html "Encyclopodia – the encyclopedia on your iPod]". [[:en:SourceForge|SourceForge]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070427070452/http://encyclopodia.sourceforge.net/en/index.html Archived] from the original on April 27, 2007. Retrieved April 25, 2007.</ref> ==== Dikgololo tsa difaele tsa CD/DVD/Kiwix ZIM tsa Wikipedia ==== {| class="wikitable" |+ !Kgatiso !Ngwaga !Tlhaloso !Kgolagano ya go laola faele ya [[:en:ZIM_(file_format)|ZIM]] |- |Tlhopo ya CD ya Wikipedia ya ngwaga wa 2006 |2006 |Mofuta wa ntlha wa polokelo ya CD, o o neng o na le tlhopho ya ditlhogo go tswa mo [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipediang ya Seesemane]]. O ne wa phatlhalidiwa ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2006 ke [[m:Interwiki_map/discontinued#SchoolsWPSOSChildren|SOS Children.]]<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20070418030451/http://www.soschildrensvillages.org.uk/charity-news/education-cd.htm SOS Children releases 2006 Wikipedia CD Selection"]. [[m:Interwiki_map/discontinued#SchoolsWPSOSChildren|SOS Children.]] June 4, 2006. Archived from [http://www.soschildrensvillages.org.uk/charity-news/education-cd.htm the original] on April 18, 2007. Retrieved April 25, 2007.</ref> | |- |Wikipedia ya mohuta wa 0.5 |2007 |CD e e neng e na le ditlhogo di ka nna dikete tse pedi tse di tlhophilweng go tswa mo bukeng ya tshedimosetso ya maranyane e ne ya phatlaladisiwa ke [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] le Linterweb. Tlhopho ya ditlhogo e ne e ikaegile ka boleng jwa mofuta wa maranyane le botlhokwa jwa setlhogo se se neng se tshwanetse go akarediwa. E ne ya tlhamiwa e le teko ya go ipaakanyetsa mofuta wa polokelo ya DVD o o neng o tla akaretsa dipego tse dintsi thata.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070427230436/http://www.wikipediaondvd.com/site.php "Wikipedia 0.5 available on a CD-ROM]". April 2007. Archived from [http://wikipediaondvd.com/site.php the original] on April 27, 2007. Retrieved April 25, 2007.</ref><ref>[https://tweakers.net/nieuws/47253/Wikipedia-maakt-cd-voor-internetlozen.html "Wikipedia maakt cd voor internetlozen]" (in Dutch). [[:en:Tweakers.net|tweakers.net.]] April 25, 2007. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070428211831/http://tweakers.net/nieuws/47253/Wikipedia-maakt-cd-voor-internetlozen.html Archived] from the original on April 28, 2007. Retrieved April 25, 2007.</ref> Ditlhogo tsa polokelo ya CD di ne tsa rulaganywa go ya ka ditlhogo tsa tsone. Mofuta wa polokelo ya CD o ne o ka rekwa mo maranyaneng, wa laolwa jaaka [[:en:Disk_image|faele ya setshwantsho sa DVD]] kgotsa [[:en:Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team/Torrent_Project/Version_0.5|faele ya Torrent]], kgotsa wa bonwa mo lefelong la tshedimosetso la lenaneo. |<ref>[https://download.kiwix.org/archive/zim/wikipedia/wikipedia_en_wp1-0.5_2007-03.zim "Wikipedia Version 0.5 at download.kiwix.org"]. ''download.kiwix.org''.</ref><ref>"[https://archive.org/download/wikipedia_en_wp1-0.5_2007-03.zim wikipedia_en_wp1-0.5_2007-03.zim directory listing"]. archive.org.</ref> |- |Wikipedia ya mohuta wa 0.7 |2009 go ya kwa 2010 |Mofuta wa ntlha wa polokelo ya DVD. Kgatiso e e akaretsang ya ditlhogo di ka nna dikete di le masome a mararo tse di tserweng mo mafelong otlhe a dithuto. Go ne ga dirwa tiro ya diatla go tlosa tshenyo ya diteng, mme se sa diega letsatsi la kgololo. E akaretsa ditlhagiso tsa ditlhogo go ya ka maphata le mafelo a lefatshe, mmogo le lenaane la ditlhogo ka tatelano ya ditlhaka tsotlhe tsa puo. |<ref>"[https://download.kiwix.org/archive/zim/wikipedia/wikipedia_en_wp1-0.7_2009-05.zim Wikipedia Version 0.7]". download.kiwix.org.</ref> <ref>[https://archive.org/download/wikipedia_en_wp1-0.7_2009-05.zim "wikipedia_en_wp1-0.7_2009-05.zim directory listing"]. archive.org.</ref> |- |Wikipedia ya mohuta wa 0.8 |2011 |Kgatiso e e akaretsang ya ditlhogo di ka nna dikete di le masome a mane le bosupa le makgolo a le mararo tse di tserweng mo mafelong otlhe a dithuto. Go tlhophwa ga ditlhogo le go tlosa tshenyo ya diteng go dirisiwa ditsamaiso tse di tlhamilweng ke setlhopha sa baithaopi ba ba tswang mo setshabeng sa Wikipedia, mme seo sa tokafatsa thata nako ya go gololwa ga yone. E akaretsa fela lenaane la ditlhogo ka tatelano ya ditlhaka tsotlhe tsa puo mme ga e na go aroganya ditlhogo go ya ka magoro. |<ref>[https://download.kiwix.org/archive/zim/wikipedia/wikipedia_en_wp1-0.8_orig_2010-12.zim "Wikipedia Version 0.8"]. download.kiwix.org.</ref> <ref>"[https://archive.org/download/wikipedia_en_wp1-0.8_orig_2010-12.zim wikipedia_en_wp1-0.8_orig_2010-12.zim directory listing".] archive.org.</ref> |} Go tloga ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo ka ngwaga wa 2022, ga go ise go tlhole go na le ditokololo tse di tlhophilweng tsa dipego fa e sa le ka Mofuta wa Wikipedia 0.8.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 "Wikipedia:Version 1.0 Editorial Team"]. June 12, 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220707222542/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 Archived] from the original on July 7, 2022. Retrieved June 27, 2022 – via Wikipedia.</ref> === Ditsheko === Ka ditsela tse di lekanyeditsweng, Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia o sireleditswe ke [[:en:Section_230_of_the_Communications_Decency_Act|Karolo]] [[:en:Section_230_of_the_Communications_Decency_Act|makgolo a mabedi le boraro ya Molao wa Maitseo a Ditlhaeletsano]]. Mo kgatong ya go senya leina ''Bauer et al. v. Glatzer'' le ba bangwe, go ne ga tshwarwa gore Wikimedia ga e na tsheko e e ka e arabang ka ntlha ya karolo eno.<ref>[http://m.app.com/news.jsp?key=81411 "Judge tosses Matawan literary agent's defamation lawsuit against Wikipedia – Asbury Park Press"]. M.app.com. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref>Molao o o tshwanang kwa lefatshe la France o ne wa dira gore tsheko e kgaolwe ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2007.<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2007-11-05/French_lawsuit|Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2007-11-05/French lawsuit.]] 5 November 2007.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:Oberlandesgericht|kgotlatshekelo ya boikuelo ya Jeremane kgotsa Oberlandesgericht]] (Kgotlatshekelo e e Kwa Godimo ya Kgaolo ya Stuttgart) e ne ya atlhola gore Wikipedia ke "motlamedi wa tirelo" e seng "motlamedi wa diteng", mme ka jalo ga e na molato fa fela e tlosa diteng tse di latofadiwang ka gore ga di kafa molaong.<ref>Paulson, Michelle (December 2, 2013). [[diffblog:2013/12/02/legal-victory-german-court-wikimedia-foundation/|"In legal victory, German court rules Wikimedia Foundation need not proactively check for illegal or inaccurate content"]]. Diff. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230127005533/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2013/12/02/legal-victory-german-court-wikimedia-foundation/ Archived] from the original on January 27, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> == Bona gape == * [[:en:History_of_wikis|Ditso tsa diwiki]] * [[:en:List_of_Wikipedias|Lenaane la Diwikipedia]], le rulagantswe go ya ka letlha la go thankgololwa ga lone * [[:de:Wikipedia:Sprachen#Chronologie_der_Wikipedias_nach_Artikelanzahl|Tatelano ya ditiragalo tsa Diwikipedia ka palo ya diathikele]] (sejeremane) * [[:en:Predictions_of_the_end_of_Wikipedia|Diponelopele tsa bokhutlo jwa Wikipedia]] * [[:en:The_Wikipedia_Revolution|Phetogo ya Wikipedia]] – Buka ya 2009 e e kwadilweng ke [[:en:The_Wikipedia_Revolution|Andrew Lih]] * [[:en:Timeline_of_Wikipedia–U.S._government_conflicts|Mola wa nako wa Wikipedia–U.S. dikgotlhang tsa puso]] == Metswedi == mistubi09m3qyj6hww0pv0kukxoxam8 53596 53595 2026-07-30T02:16:41Z Atsile Edith 11759 Ke senotse tsebe e #Wikipedia25BW 53596 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Wikipedia]], e leng [[:en:Online_encyclopedia|ensaetlopedia ya mo maranyaneng]] e e nang le [[:en:Free_content|diteng tse di sa duelelweng]] e e kwadilweng le go tlhokomelwa ke setšhaba sa baithaopi ba ba bidiwang [[:en:Wikipedians|Wikipedians]], e simolotse ka go [[:en:First_Wikipedia_edit|kwalwa ga yone la ntlha]] ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe (2001), malatsi a mabedi morago ga gore lotshwao loo le kwadisiwe.<ref>[http://whois.domaintools.com/wikipedia.org "Wikipedia.org WHOIS, DNS, & Domain Info – DomainTools"]. ''[[:en:WHOIS|WHOIS]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170417083509/http://whois.domaintools.com/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on April 17, 2017. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone, 2026.</ref> E ne ya gola go tswa mo [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia,]] e leng ensaetlopedia e e rulagantsweng sentle e e sa duelelweng, e le tsela ya go letla go kwalwa ga ditlhogo le dithanolo motlhofo le ka bonako. Ditshegetso tsa maranyane le tsa dikgopolo tsa Wikipedia di tla pele ga seno; kakanyo ya ntlha e e itsiweng ya ensaetlopedia ya maranyane e dirilwe ke [[:en:Rick_Gates_(Internet_pioneer)|Rick Gates]] ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le boraro (1993),<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20120415133700/http://history-computer.com/Internet/Conquering/Wikipedia.html "Wikipedia of Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger"]. History Computer. 2010. Archived from [http://history-computer.com/Internet/Conquering/Wikipedia.html the original] on April 15, 2012. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> mme kgopolo ya ensaetlopedia ya [[:en:Free_as_in_freedom|maranyane e e gololesegileng]] (jaaka e [[:en:Alternative_terms_for_free_software|farologana]] le [[:en:Open_source|motswedi o o bulegileng]] fela)<ref>[https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html#open-source "Philosophy"]. GNU. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131014132149/http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html#open-source Archived] from the original on October 14, 2013. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> e ne ya akanngwa ke [[:en:Richard_Stallman|Richard Stallman]] ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi (1998).<ref name=":1">[[:en:Richard_Stallman|Stallman, Richard]] (1998). [https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia-1998-draft.html "The Free Universal Encyclopedia and Learning Resource (1998 Draft)"]. GNU. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210124065108/https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia-1998-draft.html Archived] from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Kgopolo ya ga Stallman e ne e akaretsa ka tlhamalalo kgopolo ya gore ga go na mokgatlho ope o o botlhokwa o o tshwanetseng go laola go rulaganya. Seno se ne se farologana le diensaetlopedia tsa maranyane tsa motlha oo jaaka [[:en:Encarta|Microsoft Encarta]] le ''[[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica|Encyclopedia Britannica]]''. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe (2001), teseletso ya [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]] e ne ya fetolwa go nna [[:en:GFDL|GFDL,]] mme [[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Jimmy Wales]] le [[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] ba ne ba simolola Wikipedia jaaka lenaneo le le tlaleletsang, ba dirisa [[:en:Wiki|wiki]] ya mo maranyaneng jaaka sedirisiwa sa go kwala ka tirisanommogo.<ref>[http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?WikiHistory "WikiHistory"]. [[:en:WikiWikiWeb|WikiWikiWeb]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20020621221535/http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?WikiHistory Archived] from the original on June 21, 2002. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Le fa kwa tshimologong Wikipedia e ne e akanngwa e le lefelo la go kwala mekwalo le dikgopolo tsa gore kgabagare go baakanngwe Nupedia, e ne ya feta e e neng e le teng pele ga yone ka bonako, ya nna lefelo la go kwala dipego le legae la setlhagiswa sa bofelo se se baakantsweng sa lenaneo la lefatshe lotlhe ka makgolokgolo a dipuo, mme seno sa tlhotlheletsa mefuta e e farologaneng ya [[:en:List_of_wikis|mananeo a mangwe a ditshupiso tsa mo maranyaneng]]. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014), Wikipedia e ne e na le babadi ba ka nna didikadike di le makgolo a mane le masome a ferabongwe le botlhano ka kgwedi.<ref name=":10">[https://www.economist.com/news/international/21597959-popular-online-encyclopedia-must-work-out-what-next-wikipeaks "The future of Wikipedia: WikiPeaks?"]. ''[[:en:The_Economist|The Economist]]''. March 1, 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140408202455/http://www.economist.com/news/international/21597959-popular-online-encyclopedia-must-work-out-what-next-wikipeaks Archived] from the original on April 8, 2014. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015), go ya ka [[:en:ComScore|comScore]], Wikipedia e ne ya amogela baeng ba ba kgethegileng ba feta didikadike di le lekgolo le lesome le botlhano ka kgwedi go tswa kwa United States fela.<ref name=":11">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150317071240/http://www.comscore.com/Insights/Market-Rankings/comScore-Ranks-the-Top-50-US-Digital-Media-Properties-for-January-2015 "comScore Ranks the Top 50 U.S. Digital Media Properties for January 2015"]. comScore. February 24, 2015. Archived from [http://www.comscore.com/Insights/Market-Rankings/comScore-Ranks-the-Top-50-US-Digital-Media-Properties-for-January-2015 the original] on March 17, 2015. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2018), diporojekete tseno di ne tsa bonwa baeng mo tsebeng ba le dibilione di le lesome le botlhano le sephatlo ka kgwedi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200124235329/https://stats.wikimedia.org/v2/#/all-projects "Monthly overview"]. ''Wikimedia statistics''. Wikimedia Foundation. Archived from [[stats:v2/#/all-projects|the original]] on January 24, 2020. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> [[File:First_preserved_Main_Page_of_Wikipedia.jpeg|thumb|Tsebe ya boremelelo ya Wikipedia (Sedimonthole a le malatsi a le masome a mabedi ngwaga wa 2001)]] == Kakaretso ya ditso == === Lemorago === Kgopolo ya go kokoanya kitso ya lefatshe mo lefelong le le lengwe e simolotse kwa [[:en:Library_of_Alexandria|lefelong la go bala la bogologolo la Alexandria]] le [[:en:Library_of_Pergamum|Lefelong la go bala la Pergamo,]] mme go na le dilo tsa bogologolo tse di neng tsa tla pele ga kgopolo ya ensaetlopedia e e akaretsang, [[:en:Natural_History_(Pliny)|ditso tse di jaaka Naturalis]] ya ga [[:en:Pliny_the_Elder|Pliny yo Mogolo]], mme kakanyo ya segompieno ya ensaekolopedia e e akaretsang tsotlhe, e e gatisiwang le go anamisiwa kwa bathong ba le bantsi, e simologile ka [[:en:Denis_Diderot|Denis Diderot]] le baitseanape ba Fora ba lekgolo la lesome le borobabobedi la dingwaga ba ba neng ba kwala diensaekolopedia.<ref>Miloš, Todorović (2018). "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/347489594 From Diderot's Encyclopedia to Wales's Wikipedia: a brief history of collecting and sharing knowledge]". ''Časopis KSIO''. '''1''': 88–102. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.5281/zenodo.3235309|10.5281/zenodo.3235309.]] Retrieved October 20, 2021.</ref> Kgopolo ya go dirisa metšhine e e itirisang go feta [[:en:Printing_press|motšhine o o gatisang]] go aga ensaetlopedia e e mosola thata e ka bonwa mo bukeng ya ga [[:en:Paul_Otlet|Paul Otlet]] ya ngwaga wa 1934 ya ''[[:en:Traité_de_Documentation|Traité de Documentation]]''. Otlet gape o ne a tlhoma [[:en:Mundaneum|Mundaneum]], e leng setheo se se neng se ineetse go dira ditshupane tsa kitso ya lefatshe, ka ngwaga wa 1910. Kgopolo e ya ensaetlopedia e e thusiwang ke motšhini e ne ya atolosiwa go ya pele mo bukeng ya ga [[:en:H._G._Wells|H. G. Wells]] ya ditlhamo" [[:en:World_Brain|''World Brain'']] (ngwaga wa1938) le pono ya ga [[:en:Vannevar_Bush|Vannevar Bush]] ya isago ya [[:en:Memex|Memex]] e e neng e dirisa [[:en:Microfilm|filimi e e bolokang ditshwantso ka bogolo jo bonnye]], e a e tlhalositse mo setlhangweng sa gagwe se se bidiwang "[[:en:As_We_May_Think|As We May Think]]" (ngwaga wa 1945).<ref name=":2">Reagle, Joseph (2010). Good Faith Collaboration. The Culture of Wikipedia. MIT Press. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0262014472|978-0262014472.]] Chapter 2: "The Pursuit of the Universal Encyclopedia".</ref> Phitlhelelo e nngwe e ne e le lenaneo la Xanadu la ga [[:en:Ted_Nelson|Ted Nelson]] ya go tlhama ditlhangwa tse dintsi, e e neng ya simolola ka ngwaga wa 1960.<ref name=":2" /> Tiriso ya baithaopi e ne e le botlhokwa thata mo go direng le go tlhokomeleng Wikipedia. Le fa go ntse jalo, le fa go ne go se na inthanete, mananeo tse dikgolo tse di dingalo tsa mofuta o o tshwanang di ne di dirisitse baithaopi. Ka tlhamalalo, go tlhamiwa ga [[:en:Oxford_English_Dictionary|''Thanodi ya Seesemane ya Oxford'']] go ne ga akanngwa ka puo kwa lefelong la dibuka la London, ka Letsatsi la ga [[:en:Guy_Fawkes_Day|Guy Fawkes]], ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele a tlhola malatsi a le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 1857, ke [[:en:Richard_Chenevix_Trench|Richard Chenevix Trench]]. Go tsere dingwaga di ka nna masome a supa go wediwa. Dr. Trench o ne a akanya ka bukantswe e ntšha e kgolo ya lefoko lengwe le lengwe mo puong ya Seesemane, le go dirisiwa ka puso ya batho le batho le ka kgololesego. Go ya ka mokwadi Simon Winchester, "Go dira thulaganyo e, o ne a re, go ne go feta bokgoni jwa motho ope fela. Go bala dibuka tsotlhe tsa Seesemane – le go sekaseka makwalo a dikgang a London le New York le makwalo a dikgang le buka ya tsotlhe a aitseng go bala le go kwala – go na le moo go tshwanetse ga nna 'tiro e e kopaneng ya batho ba le bantsi.' Go tla tlhokega go thapa setlhopha – mo godimo ga moo, se segolo – se gongwe se nang le makgolokgolo le makgolokgolo a batho ba ba sa duelweng, botlhe ba dira jaaka baithaopi."<ref>Winchester, Simon (1998). ''The Professor and the Madman: A Tale of Murder, Insanity, and the Making of the Oxford English Dictionary''. Harpers, p. 106.</ref> Kgatelopele ya maranyane ya tshedimosetso kwa bofelong jwa lekgolo la masome a mabedi la dingwaga e ne ya dira gore go dirwe diphetogo mo mofuteng wa diensaetlopedia. Le fa diensaetlopedia tsa nako e e fetileng, segolobogolo [[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica|''Encyclopædia Britannica'']], gantsi di ne di theilwe mo dibukeng, [[:en:Encarta|Encarta]] ya Microsoft, e e gatisitsweng ka ngwaga wa 1993, e ne e le teng mo CD-ROM e bile e na le [[:en:Hyperlink|dikgolagano tse dintsi]]. Go tlhamiwa ga [[:en:World_Wide_Web|World Wide Web]] go ne ga dira gore go dirwe maiteko a mantsi a go dira [[:en:Online_encyclopedia|mananeo a ensaetlopedia tsa maranyane]]. Tshitshinyo ya ntlha ya ensaetlopedia ya mo inthaneteng e ne e le [[:en:Interpedia|Interpedia]] ka ngwaga wa1993 ke [[:en:Rick_Gates_(Internet_pioneer)|Rick Gates]];<ref name=":0" /> lenaneo le le ne la swa pele ga e tlhagisa diteng dipe tsa ensaetlopedia. Motshegetsi wa [[:en:Free_software|mananeo a sesupaditlhaka sa mahala]] [[:en:Richard_Stallman|Richard Stallman]] o ne a tlhalosa botlhokwa jwa "Ensaetlopedia ya Lefatshe Lotlhe ya Mahala le Motswedi wa go Ithuta" ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":1" /> Tokomane ya gagwe e e gatisitsweng e ne ya tlhalosa kafa go ka "tlhomamisiwang ka gone gore kgatelopele e tswelela pele go ya kwa dipoelong tse di gaisang le tsa tlholego." Motlhami-mmogo wa Wikipedia e bong Jimmy Wales o ne a bolela gore kgopolo ya Wikipedia e ne ya tla fa e ne e le moithuti wa dialogane kwa [[:en:Indiana_University_Bloomington|Mmadikolong wa Indiana]], koo a neng a kgatlhiwa ke katlego ya [[:en:Open-source_movement|mokgatlho wa motswedi o o bulegileng]] mme a fitlhela [[:en:GNU_Manifesto|Lekwalo la maikelelo le bokgoni la ga Emacs]] wa ga Richard Stallman o o rotloetsang [[:en:Free_software_movement|mananeo a sesupaditlhaka a mahala]] le itsholelo ya go abelana e kgatlhang. Wales gape o akgola tlhamo ya ga moitseanape wa itsholelo wa [[:en:Austrian_School|Sekolo sa Austria]] e bong [[:en:Friedrich_Hayek|Friedrich Hayek]], Polelo ya tlhamo ya "[[:en:The_Use_of_Knowledge_in_Society|Tiriso ya Kitso mo Setšhabeng,]]" e a neng a e bala fa a ne a le moithuti wa pele ga kalogo,<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140930011944/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2006/07/31/know-it-all Know It All - The New Yorker]". ''[[:en:The_New_Yorker|The New Yorker]]''. September 30, 2014. Archived from [http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2006/07/31/know-it-all the original] on September 30, 2014. Retrieved November 7, 2024.</ref> jaaka "e e botlhokwa" mo go akanyeng ga gagwe ka ga "kafa a ka laolang lenaneo la Wikipedia ka gone."<ref>Mangu-Ward, Katherine (May 30, 2007). "[https://reason.com/2007/05/30/wikipedia-and-beyond/ Wikipedia and Beyond]". ''Reason.com''. Retrieved November 7, 2024.</ref> Tlhamo e e gatelela gore [[:en:Dispersed_knowledge|tshedimosetso e kgaogantswe fela ka bongwe]]—gore motho mongwe le mongwe o itse fela karolwana e nnye ya se se itsiweng mmogo, ditshwetso di dirwa botoka ke batho ba ba nang le kitso ya lefelo leo, go na le ke bothati jo bo botlhokwa. Ka nako eo, Wales o ne a ithuta tsa madi mme o ne a kgatlhilwe ke ditlhotlheletso tsa batho ba le bantsi ba ba neng ba ntsha seabe jaaka baithaopi mo go tlhameng mananeo a disupaditlhaka tsa mahala, koo dikai di le dintsi di neng di nna le dipholo tse di molemo thata.<ref>[https://play.acast.com/s/dannyinthevalley/wikipediasjimmywales "Wikipedia's Jimmy Wales: "I have this crazy idea that people will pay for free news]"", Danny in the Valley, January 19, 2018, [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055526/https://play.acast.com/s/dannyinthevalley/wikipediasjimmywales archived] from the original on March 16, 2023, retrieved March 16, 2023 Richard Stallman discussed at 20min, with further Open Source discussion at 16min.</ref> Go ya ka mokwalo wa dikgang w ''[[:en:The_Economist|The Economist]]'', Wikipedia "e simolotse mo tsholofelong ya maranyane e e neng e tlhaola inthanete kwa bokhutlong jwa lekgolo la masome a mabedi la dingwaga. E ne e tshwara gore batho ba ba tlwaelesegileng ba ka dirisa disupa ditlhaka tsa bone jaaka didirisiwa tsa kgololesego, thuto, le go sedimosiwa."<ref>[https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher "Wikipedia is 20, and its reputation has never been higher]". The Economist. January 9, 2021. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0013-0613 0013-0613.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20221231224550/https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher Archived] from the original on December 31, 2022. Retrieved August 29, 2022.</ref> === Go tlhama kgopolo === Wikipedia e ne ya akanyediwa kwa tshimologong jaaka lenaneo la phepo ya [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]] e e neng ya tlhongwa kwa Wales, lenaneo la pelenyana la go tlhagisa ensaetlopedia ya mahala ya inthanete, e e neng ya ithaopela go dira ke [[:en:Bomis|Bomis]], kompone ya dipapatso tsa maranyane e e leng ya ga Jimmy, [[:en:Tim_Shell|Tim Shell]] le [[:en:Michael_E._Davis_(businessman)|Michael E. Davis]]. <ref>[[:en:Marshall_Poe|Poe, Marshall]] (September 2006). "[https://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/ The Hive]". The Atlantic Monthly. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061223004004/http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia Archived] from the original on December 23, 2006. Retrieved March 25, 2007. Wales and Sanger created the first Nupedia wiki on 10 January 2001. The initial purpose was to get the public to add entries that would then be "fed into the Nupedia process" of authorization. Most of Nupedia's expert volunteers, however, wanted nothing to do with this, so Sanger decided to launch a separate site called "Wikipedia". Neither Sanger nor Wales looked on Wikipedia as anything more than a lark. This is evident in Sanger's flip announcement of Wikipedia to the Nupedia discussion list. "Humor me", he wrote. "Go there and add a little article. It will take all of five or ten minutes". And, to Sanger's surprise, go they did. Within a few days, Wikipedia outstripped Nupedia in terms of quantity, if not quality, and a small community developed. In late January, Sanger created a Wikipedia discussion list (Wikipedia-L) to facilitate discussion of the project.</ref><ref name=":3">Sidener, Jonathan (December 6, 2004). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20090221005820/http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20041206/news_mz1b6encyclo.html Everyone's Encyclopedia]". ''[[:en:The_San_Diego_Union-Tribune|The San Diego Union-Tribune]]''. Archived from [http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20041206/news_mz1b6encyclo.html the original] on February 21, 2009. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref><ref name=":4">Sanger, Larry (April 18, 2005). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20090722235956/http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05%2F04%2F18%2F164213&tid=95&tid=149&tid=9 The Early History of Nupedia and Wikipedia: A Memoir – Part] I". Archived from [http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05/04/18/164213&tid=95&tid=149&tid=9 the original] on July 22, 2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061108094801/http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05%2F04%2F19%2F1746205&tid=95 "The Early History of Nupedia and Wikipedia: A Memoir – Part II".] [[:en:Slashdot|Slashdot]]. April 19, 2005. Archived from [http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05/04/19/1746205&tid=95 the original] on November 8, 2006. My initial idea was that the wiki would be set up as part of Nupedia; it was to be a way for the public to develop a stream of content that could be fed into the Nupedia process. I think I got some of the basic pages written—how wikis work, what our general plan was, and so forth—over the next few days. I wrote a general proposal for the Nupedia community, and the Nupedia wiki went live January 10. The first encyclopedia articles for what was to become Wikipedia were written then. It turned out, however, that a clear majority of the Nupedia Advisory Board wanted to have nothing to do with a wiki. Again, their commitment was to rigor and reliability, a concern I shared with them and continue to have. Still, perhaps some of those people are kicking themselves now. They (some of them) evidently thought that a wiki could not resemble an encyclopedia at all, that it would be too informal and unstructured, as the original WikiWikiWeb was (and is), to be associated with Nupedia. They of course were perfectly reasonable to doubt that it would turn into the fantastic source of content that it did. Who could reasonably guess that it would work? But it did work, and now the world knows better.</ref>Nupedia e ne ya tlhongwa mo tirisong ya baithaopi ba ba tshwanelegang le thulaganyo ya go [[:en:Peer_review|sekaseka balekane]] e e nang le dikgato di le dintsi.<ref>Kaplan Andreas, Haenlein Michael (2014) Collaborative projects (social media application): About Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Business Horizons, Volume 57 Issue 5, pp. 617–626</ref> Le fa e ne e na le lenaane la barulaganyi ba ba kgatlhegang ba ba fetang dikete tse pedi, le go nna teng ga ga Sanger jaaka morulaganyi-mogolo wa nako e e tletseng,<ref name=":30">"[[m:My_resignation--Larry_Sanger|My resignation – Larry Sanger – Meta]]". meta.wikimedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230320142105/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/My_resignation--Larry_Sanger Archived] from the original on March 20, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023. I was more or less offered the job of editing Nupedia when I was, as an ABD philosophy graduate student, soliciting Jimbo's (and other friends') advice on a website I was thinking of starting. It was the first I had heard of Jimbo's idea of an open content encyclopedia, and I was delighted to take the job.</ref> go tlhagisiwa ga diteng tsa Nupedia go ne go le bonya thata, ka dipego di le lesome le bobedi fela tse di kwadilweng mo ngwageng wa ntlha.<ref name=":4" /> Ba-Nupedia ba ne ba tlotla ka ditsela tse di farologaneng tsa go tlhama diteng ka bonako.<ref name=":3" /> Di-wiki di ne di dirisitswe gongwe mo boranyaneng go rulaganya kitso,<ref>[https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2013-01-12-chi-archives-aaron-swartz-20130112-story.html "From the archives: Highland Park teen is finalist in web competition]". ''Chicago Tribune''. January 12, 2013. Retrieved August 21, 2023.</ref> mme kgopolo ya tlaleletso e e theilweng mo di-[[:en:Wiki|wiki]] mo Nupedia e ne ya tlholwa ke motlotlo magareng ga Sanger le Ben Kovitz,<ref name=":5">"[http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?BenKovitz Ben Kovitz]". [[:en:WikiWikiWeb|WikiWikiWeb]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070404030625/http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?BenKovitz Archived] from the original on April 4, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007. – see also Ben Kovitz' fuller account which he links from there.</ref><ref name=":6">Moody, Glyn (July 13, 2006). [https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2006/jul/13/media.newmedia "This time, it'll be a Wikipedia written by experts"]. The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070222023201/http://technology.guardian.co.uk/weekly/story/0,,1818630,00.html Archived] from the original on February 22, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007. – While casting around for a way to speed up article production, Sanger met with Kovitz, an old friend, in January 2001. Kovitz introduced Sanger to the idea of the wiki, invented in 1995 by Ward Cunningham: web pages that anyone could write and edit. "My first reaction was that this really could be what would solve the problem," Sanger explains, "because the software was already written, and this community of people on WikiWikiWeb" – the first wiki – "had created something like 14,000 pages". Nupedia, by contrast, had produced barely two dozen articles. Sanger took up the idea immediately: "I wrote up a proposal and sent it [to Wales] that evening, and the wiki was then set up for me to work on." But this was not Wikipedia as we know it. "Originally it was the Nupedia Wiki – our idea was to use it as an article incubator for Nupedia. Articles could begin life on this wiki, be developed collaboratively and, when they got to a certain stage of development, be put into the Nupedia system."</ref><ref name=":7">Sidener, Jonathan (September 23, 2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20071017041126/http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20060923/news_lz1n23wiki.html "Wikipedia co-founder looks to add accountability, end anarchy]". [[:en:The_San_Diego_Union-Tribune|The San Diego Union-Tribune]]. Archived from [http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20060923/news_lz1n23wiki.html the original] on October 17, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007. The origins of Wikipedia date to 2000, when Sanger was finishing his doctoral thesis in philosophy and had an idea for a Web site.</ref> le ke o mongwe magareng ga Wales le Jeremy Rosenfeld.<ref name=":5" /> Kovitz e ne e le motlhami wa diporokeramo tsa khomphiutha mme a nna mo wiki ya ga [[:en:Ward_Cunningham|Ward Cunningham]] e e fetolang wiki go nna "[[:en:WikiWikiWeb|WikiWikiWeb]]". O ne a tlhalosetsa Sanger gore di-wiki ke eng, fa ba ne ba ja dijo tsa maitseboa ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /><ref>Poe, Marshall (September 2006). "[https://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/3 The Hive"]. [[:en:The_Atlantic_Monthly|The Atlantic Monthly]]. p. 3. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061110160718/http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/3 Archived] from the original on November 10, 2006. Retrieved March 25, 2007. – "Over tacos that night, Sanger explained his concerns about Nupedia's lack of progress, the root cause of which was its serial editorial system. As Nupedia was then structured, no stage of the editorial process could proceed before the previous stage was completed. Kovitz brought up the wiki and sketched out 'wiki magic,' the mysterious process by which communities with common interests work to improve wiki pages by incremental contributions. If it worked for the rambunctious hacker culture of programming, Kovitz said, it could work for any online collaborative project. The wiki could break the Nupedia bottleneck by permitting volunteers to work simultaneously all over the project. With Kovitz in tow, Sanger rushed back to his apartment and called Wales to share the idea. Over the next few days, he wrote a formal proposal for Wales and started a page on Cunningham's wiki called 'Wikipedia.'"</ref>Wales o ne a bolela ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2001 gore "Larry o ne a na le mogopolo wa go dirisa maranyane a sesupa ditlhaka sa Wiki" mo bathong ba ba neng ba boregile ka thulaganyo ya Nupedia,<ref name=":31">Wales, Jimmy (October 30, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20140620072830/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2001-October/000671.html LinkBacks]?". Wikimedia. Archived from [[mailarchive:wikipedia-l/2001-October/000671.html|the original]] (Email) on June 20, 2014. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref> mme moragonyana a bolela ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2005 gore Rosenfeld o ne a mo itsise kgopolo ya wiki.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140328235925/http://www.wired.com/techbiz/media/news/2007/05/assignment_zero_citizendium Assignment Zero First Take: Wiki Innovators Rethink Openness]". [[:en:Wired_News|Wired News]]. May 3, 2007. Archived from [https://www.wired.com/techbiz/media/news/2007/05/assignment_zero_citizendium the original] on March 28, 2014. Retrieved November 1, 2007. Wired.com states: "Wales offered the following on-the-record comment in an e-mail to NewAssignment.net editor [and NYU Professor] [[:en:Jay_Rosen|Jay Rosen]] ...' Larry Sanger was my employee working under my direct supervision during the entire process of launching Wikipedia. He was not the originator of the proposal to use a wiki for the encyclopedia project – that was Jeremy Rosenfeld'."</ref> Sanger o ne a akanya gore wiki e tla nna polatefomo e e siameng go e dirisa, mme a tshitshinya mo lenaaneng la go romela la Nupedia gore wiki e e theilweng mo UseModWiki (ka nako eo v. 0.90)e tlhomiwe jaaka lenaneo la "mojesi" ya Nupedia. Ka fa tlase ga setlhogo sa "A re direng wiki", o ne a kwala jaana:<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 10, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414014355/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html Let's make a wiki]". Nupedia mailing list. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Nnyaa, se ga se tshitshinyo e e sa tshwanelang. Ke kakanyo ya go tsenya karolo e nnye mo Nupedia. Jimmy Wales o akanya gore batho ba le bantsi ba ka nna ba fitlhela kgopolo eno e sa amogelesege, mme nna ga ke akanye jalo... Fa e le ka tiriso ya wiki ya Nupedia, eno ke thulaganyo ya BOFELO e e "bulegileng" le e e motlhofo ya go tlhama diteng. Re kile ra buisana gangwe le gape ka megopolo ya diporojeke tse di bonolo, tse di bulegileng thata, tse di ka emelang kgotsa tsa tlaleletsa Nupedia. Go lebega mo go nna gore diwiki di ka dirisiwa ka bonako thata, di tlhoka tlhokomelo e nnye fela, mme ka kakaretso ga di na kotsi e kgolo. Gape di ka nna motswedi o mogolo wa diteng. Ka jalo, ga go na mathata a magolo a a ka nnang teng, go ya ka kafa ke bonang ka teng. Wales e ne ya tlhoma e le nngwe mme ya e tsenya mo maranyaneng ka Laboraro wa kgwedi ya Ferikgong etlhola malatsi a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 2001, ka fa tlase ga karolo ya nupedia.com.<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 10, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030425173342/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html Nupedia's wiki: try it out".] Nupedia mailing list. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html the original] on April 25, 2003.</ref> Se se ne sa sutela kwa wiki e ntšhwa ka fa tlase ga karolo ya wikipedia.com ka kgwedi ya Ferikgonge tlhola malatsia a le lesome le botlhano. Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa, lenaneo la [[:en:GNUPedia|GNUPedia]] la [[:en:Free_Software_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Mananeo a disupa ditlhaka a Mahala]] (FSF) e ne ya tsena mo maranyaneng, e e neng e ka nna ya gaisana le [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]],<ref>"[http://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=9990&threshold=1&commentsort=0&mode=thread&cid=502603 Slashdot Comments | GNUPedia Project Starting]". Slashdot.org. January 17, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220612010030/https://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=9990 Archived] from the original on June 12, 2022. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> mme mo dingwageng di le mmalwa FSF e ne ya rotloetsa batho "go etela le go tsenya letsogo mo [Wikipedia]" boemong jwa seo.<ref>[https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/ "The Free Encyclopedia Project]". GNU.org. 2012 [1999]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121221000617/http://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/ Archived] from the original on December 21, 2012. Retrieved December 20, 2012.</ref> === Go tlhongwa ga Wikipedia === ''Bona gape: [[:en:First_Wikipedia_edit|Tseleganyo ya ntlha ya Wikipedia]], [[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia's_oldest_articles|Wikipedia:Ditlhogo tsa bogologolo tsa Wikipedia]], le [[:en:Wikipedia:First_100_pages|Wikipedia:Ditsebe tsa ntlha di le]]'' ''[[:en:Wikipedia:First_100_pages|lekgolo]]'' Go ne go na le go okaoka mo gare ga barulaganyi ka go bofa Nupedia gaufi thata le kelelo ya tiro ya mofuta wa wiki.<ref name=":4" /> Morago ga gore wiki ya Nupedia e thankgololwe ka fa tlase ga nupedia.com ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 2001,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20030425173342/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html "&#x5B;Nupedia-l&#x5D; Nupedia's wiki: try it out"]. April 25, 2003. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20030425173342/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html the original] on April 25, 2003. Retrieved August 21, 2023.</ref> Wales e ne ya akantshanya go simolola lenaneo le le ntšhwa ka fa tlase ga leina la yone, mme Sanger o ne a akantshanya ''Wikipedia'', a e tlhama jaaka "lenaneo la tlaleletso ya Nupedia e e dirang e e ikemetseng ka nosi gotlhelele."<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 11, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414021138/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html <nowiki>Re: [Advisory-l] The wiki</nowiki>]..." Nupedia mailing list. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Wiki e ntšhwa e ne ya simololwa kwa wikipedia.com ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2001. [[:en:Bandwidth_(computing)|Bophara jwa bogolo jwa kgokaganyo ya maranyane]] le [[:en:Server_(computing)|tsamaiso e e bolokang tshedimosetso]] (e e kwa San Diego) tse di dirisitsweng mo mananeong ao a ntlha di ne tsa neelwa ke Bomis. Badiri ba le bantsi ba pele ba Bomis moragonyana ba ne ba ntsha diteng tsa ensaetlopedia: segolobogolo [[:en:Tim_Shell|Tim Shell]], motlhami-mmogo le moragonyana Mokhuduthamaga wa Bomis, le motlhami wa dithulaganyo Jason Richey. [[Setshwantsho:Jimmy Wales' Mac and the First Wikipedia Edit — "Hello World" (51738433963).jpg|thumb|iMac ya ga Jimmy Wales e ne e dirisiwa go dira tseleganyo ya ntlha mo Wikipedia]] Wales o boletse ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2008 gore o dirile tseleganyo ya ntlha ya Wikipedia, tseleganyo ya teko e e nang le mokwalo o o reng "[[:en:"Hello,_World!"_program|Dumela, Lefatshe]]!", mme se e ka tswa e ne e le mo mofuteng wa bogologolo wa Wikipedia o ka bonako morago ga moo o neng wa phimolwa mme wa emisediwa ka go simolola gape.<ref>Message by Jimmy Wales {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160412003535/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Jimbo_Wales&diff=prev&oldid=258632986|date=12 April 2016}} Wednesday 17 December 2008. Retrieved Saturday 30 January 2010.</ref><ref>Starling, Tim (January 14, 2011). "[[mailarchive:wikien-l/2011-January/108198.html|Hello world]]?". ''WikiEN-l'' (Mailing list). Retrieved June 4, 2022.</ref>Tseleganyo ya ntlha e e neng ya boela mo Wikipedia.com e ne e le ya Tsebe ya Gae ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2001, e e neng e balega jaana "E ke Wikipedia e ntšhwa!"; e ka bonwa [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/908493298|fa]].<ref>Wikipedia's earliest edits were once believed lost, as early [[:en:UseModWiki|UseModWiki]] software deleted data after a month. But on 14 December 2010, [[:en:Tim_Starling|Tim Starling]] found backups on [[:en:SourceForge|SourceForge]] containing every change made to Wikipedia from its creation in January 2001 to 17 August 2001. As of 2019, these were imported into Wikipedia's edit history. Before that, the first edits that had been known were to [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/291430|Wikipedia:UuU]], [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/286342|TransporT]], and [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/11992008|User:ScottMoonen]] on 16 January 2001.</ref> Go nna teng ga lenaneo go ne ga itsisiwe semmuso mme boikuelo jwa gore baithaopi ba nne le seabe mo go tlhameng diteng bo ne jwa dirwa kwa lenaaneng la go romela ka poso la Nupedia ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20030331101007/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000684.html <nowiki>"[Nupedia-l] Wikipedia is up!</nowiki>]". March 31, 2003. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000684.html the original] on March 31, 2003. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Lenaneo le ne la amogela batsayakarolo ba le bantsi ba bašwa morago ga go umakiwa mo lefelong ya maranyane le le naleng tshedimosetso ya [[:en:Slashdot|Slashdot]] ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2001,<ref>"[http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Britannica and Free Content]". Slashdot. July 26, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090114204227/http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Archived] from the original on January 14, 2009.</ref> e setse e umakilwe gabedi ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwo ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref>[http://slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=01/03/02/1422244&tid=99 "Nupedia and Project Gutenberg Directors Answer]". Slashdot. March 5, 2001.</ref><ref>[http://slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=01/03/29/2035230&tid=95 "Everything2 Hits One Million Nodes]". Slashdot. March 29, 2001.</ref> Morago ga moo e ne ya amogela tshupo e e tlhageletseng ya kgang mo lefelong ya maranyane le le naleng tshedimosetso le setso e e rulagantsweng ke baagi ya Kuro5hin, e e rulaganngwang ke setšhaba, e e buang ka maranyane le setso, ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le botlhano.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20011107050810/http://www.kuro5hin.org/story/2001/7/25/103136/121 "Britannica or Nupedia? The Future of Free Encyclopedias]". Kuro5hin. July 25, 2001. Archived from [http://www.kuro5hin.org/story/2001/7/25/103136/121 the original] on November 7, 2001.</ref> Fa gare ga go tsena moo ga batho ba le bantsi, go ne go ntse go na le batho ba le bantsi ba ba neng ba tla go tswa kwa metsweding e mengwe, segolobogolo Google, e e neng e romela makgolokgolo a baeng ba basha mo lefelong e e le nosi letsatsi le letsatsi. [[:en:Mainstream_media|Kgaso ya yone]] [[:en:Mainstream_media|ya bobegakgang]] ya ntlha e kgolo e ne e le mo [[:en:The_New_York_Times|''The New York Times'']] ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref>Meyers, Peter (September 20, 2001). [https://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/20/technology/fact-driven-collegial-this-site-wants-you.html "Fact-Driven? Collegial? This Site Wants You]". The New York Times. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20090415232001/http://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/20/technology/fact-driven-collegial-this-site-wants-you.html Archived] from the original on April 15, 2009. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> === Dikgaogano le go dira gore dilo di nne tsa boditšhabatšhaba === Kwa tshimologong ya tlhabololo ya Wikipedia, e ne ya simolola go atologa kwa mafatsheng a mangwe, ka go tlhamiwa ga [[:en:Namespace|mafelo a masha a maina]], lengwe le lengwe le na le setlhopa se se farologaneng sa [[:en:Username|maina a badirisi]]. [[:en:Subdomain|Karolopotlana]] ya ntlha e e tlhametsweng Wikipedia e e seng ya Seesemane e ne e le [[:en:German_Wikipedia|deutsche.wikipedia.com]] (e e tlhamilweng ka Labotlhano kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2001, mo nakong ya oura e le nngwe le metsotso e le masome a mararo le borobedi kwa morago ga nako ya UTC),<ref>"[[mailarchive:wikipedia-l/2001-March/000049.html|Alternative language Wikipedias]]". Lists. Wikimedia. March 15, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140620120726/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2001-March/000049.html Archived] from the original on June 20, 2014. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> mme morago ga dioura di le mmalwa ya latelwa ke [[:en:Catalan_Wikipedia|catalan.wikipedia.com]] (ka oura ya lesome le boraro le metsotso e le supa mo nakong ya UTC).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20010413083954/http://catalan.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=history&id=HomePage "History of the Catalan Homepage]". Wikipedia. Archived from [https://catalan.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=history&id=HomePage the original] on April 13, 2001. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> [[:en:Japanese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejapane]], e e simolotseng e le nihongo.wikipedia.com, e ne ya tlhamiwa mo pakeng eo,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20010420120143/http://nihongo.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=browse&id=HomePage&revision=3 "Nihongo No Wikipedia: HomePage]". April 20, 2001. Archived from [https://nihongo.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=browse&id=HomePage&revision=3 the original] on April 20, 2001. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20010331173908/http://www.wikipedia.com/ Wikipedia: HomePage]". March 31, 2001. Archived from [https://www.wikipedia.com/ the original] on March 31, 2001. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref>mme kwa tshimologong e ne e dirisa fela [[:en:Romanization_of_Japanese|Sejapane se se fetotsweng sa Seroma]]. Mo dikgweding di ka nna pedi Se-Catalan e ne e le sone se se nang le dipego tse dintsi ka puo e e seng ya Seesemane,<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Multilingual_monthly_statistics_(2001)|Multilingual monthly statistics]]</ref><ref>[https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C3%80bac&oldid=1 "First edition in the Catalan Wikipedia]" (in Catalan). Wikipedia. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201112014959/https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C3%80bac Archived] from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> le fa dipalopalo tsa nako eo ya ntlha di sa nepagala.<ref>This [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Multilingual_monthly_statistics_(2001)&oldid=192353617 table] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210222221921/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3AMultilingual_monthly_statistics_%282001%29&oldid=192353617 Archived] 22 February 2021 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]], for instance, misses Japanese and German articles such as [https://web.archive.org/web/20010421123743/http://nihongo.wikipedia.com/wiki/Nihongo_no_funimekusu this one] and [https://web.archive.org/web/20010411030440/http://deutsche.wikipedia.com/wiki/Nupedia_Deutsch-L_Sektion this one], both dated 6 April 2001.</ref> Wikipedia ya Sefora e tlhamilwe ka kgotsa mo e ka nnang ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome lebongwe ka ngwaga wa 2001,<ref>The [https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikip%C3%A9dia:Historique_de_Wikip%C3%A9dia_en_fran%C3%A7ais&oldid=34816819 Documentation on the French Wikipedia] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210608194149/https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikip%C3%A9dia:Historique_de_Wikip%C3%A9dia_en_fran%C3%A7ais&oldid=34816819 Archived] 8 June 2021 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] mentions the date of 23 March 2001, but this date is not supported by Wikipedia snapshots on the [[:en:Internet_Archive|Internet Archive]], nor by Jason Richey's letter, which was dated 11 May 2001 (see below).</ref> ka lekhubu la diphetolelo tse dišwa tsa puo tse gape di neng di akaretsa [[:en:Chinese_Wikipedia|Setšhaena]], [[:en:Dutch_Wikipedia|Sedatšhe]], [[:en:Esperanto_Wikipedia|Seeseperanto]], [[:en:Hebrew_Wikipedia|Sehebera]], [[:en:Italian_Wikipedia|Sentadiana]], [[:en:Portuguese_Wikipedia|Sepotokisi]], [[:en:Russian_Wikipedia|Serussia]], [[:en:Spanish_Wikipedia|Sepanishe]], le [[:en:Swedish_Wikipedia|Sesweden]].<ref>[[mailarchive:wikipedia-l/2001-May/000116.html|Letter of Jason Richey to wikipedia-l mailing list]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20140620081721/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2001-May/000116.html Archived] 20 June 2014 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] 11 May 2001</ref> Go ise go ye kae dipuo tseno di ne tsa kopanngwa ke [[:en:Arabic_Wikipedia|Searabia]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20011118054300/http://ar.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?HomePage "Homepage from the Internet Archive"]. Wikipedia. Archived from [https://ar.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?HomePage the original] on November 18, 2001. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> le [[:en:Hungarian_Wikipedia|Sehungary]].<ref>[[Wikipedia:Announcements]] May 2001</ref><ref>"[https://www.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=International_Wikipedia&action=history International Wikipedia]". Wikipedia. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa 2001, kitsiso e ne ya solofetsa go ineela mo tlamelong ya dipuo tse dintsi ya Wikipedia,<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Announcements_2001#September_2001|Wikipedia:Announcements 2001]]</ref> e itsise badirisi ka go phatlaldiwa gmo go tlang ga Wikipedias ya dipuo tsotlhe tse dikgolo, go tlhongwa ga maemo a konokono, le go kgaratlhela thanolo ya ditsebe tsa konokono tsa wiki tsa ditsebe tse dišwa tsa wiki. Kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga oo, fa dipalopalo tsa boditšhabatšhaba di ne di simolola go kwalwa la ntlha, go ne ga itsisiwe diphetolelo tsa [[:en:Afrikaans_Wikipedia|Seaforikanse]], [[:en:Norwegian_Wikipedia|Senorway]] le [[:en:Serbian_Wikipedia|Seserbia]].<ref>"[https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:International_wikipedias_statistics International Wikipedias statistics]". [https://web.archive.org/web/20030305012547/http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:International_wikipedias_statistics Wikipedia]. Archived from the original on March 5, 2003. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2002, karolo ya masome a borobabongwe mo lekgolong ya dipego tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia di ne di le ka Seesemane. Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2004, batho ba ba kwa tlase ga karolo ya masome a matlhano mo lekgolong e ne e le Baesemane, mme go dira gore batho ba nne ba boditšhabatšhaba gono go tsweletse go oketsega fa ensaetlopedia e e ntse e gola. Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2014, mo e ka nnang karolo ya masome a borobabobedi le botlhano mo lekgolong ya dipego tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia di ne di le mo mefuteng ya Wikipedia e e seng ya Seesemane.<ref>"[[m:List_of_Wikipedias#Grand_Total|List of Wikipedias – Grand Total (retrieved 2014)]]". Wikimedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20141219233704/http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias#Grand_Total Archived] from the original on December 19, 2014. Retrieved December 20, 2014.</ref> Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2023, Di-Wikipedia tsa Seesemane le tsa Seesemane se se motlhofo di na le dipego di le didikadike di le di le supa fa gare ga tsone, mme mo e ka nnang karolo ya masome a borobabongwe mo lekgolong ya dipego di ne di le mo di-Wikipedia tse e seng tsa Seesemane.<ref name=":12">[[m:List_of_Wikipedias|"List of Wikipedias – Meta]]". meta.wikimedia.org. Retrieved August 21, 2023.</ref> === Tlhabololo ya Wikipedia === [[Setshwantsho:Old Wikipedia.png|thumb|Tsebekgolo ya Wikipedia (Kgwedi ya Lwetse a tlhola malatsi e le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2002)]] Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2002, morago ga go gogelwa morago ga matlole ke Bomis ka nako ya go [[:en:Dot-com_bubble|phutlhama ga dot-com]], Sanger o ne a tlogela Nupedia le Wikipedia ka bobedi.<ref name=":32">Schiff, Stacy (July 31, 2006). "[https://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/060731fa_fact Know It All]". [[:en:The_New_Yorker|The New Yorker.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20081122125817/http://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/060731fa_fact Archived] from the original on November 22, 2008. Retrieved April 25, 2009.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2002, ene le Wales ba ne ba sa tshwane ka dikgopolo tsa bone tsa gore ba ka laola jang diensaetlopedia tse di bulegileng sentle. Bobedi jwa bone ba ne ba sa ntse ba tshegetsa kgopolo ya tirisanommogo e e bulegileng, mme ba ne ba sa dumalane ka gore ba ka tshwara jang barulaganyi ba ba kgoreletsang, dikarolo tse di rileng tsa baitseanape, le tsela e e molemolemo ya go kaela porojeke gore e atlege. Wales o ne a tswelela go tlhoma go ipusa le go ikaela [[:en:Business_development|go tswa kwa tlase go ya kwa godimo]] ke barulaganyi mo Wikipedia. O ne a tlhalosa sentle gore ga a kitla a nna le seabe mo tsamaisong ya letsatsi le letsatsi ya morafe, mme o tlaa o rotloetsa go ithuta go itaola le go ipatlela mekgwa e e gaisang. Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2007, Wales e ne ya lekanyetsa seabe sa gagwe thata go ntsha ditshwaelo tsa nako le nako mo dikgannyeng tse di masisi, tiro ya bokhuduthamaga, go buelela kitso, le go rotloetsa diporojeke tse di tshwanang tsa ditshupiso. Sanger o rile ke "moakaretsi" mme o bulegile mo e ka nnang sengwe le sengwe,<ref>Anderson, Nate (February 25, 2007). [https://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars/3 "Citizendium: building a better Wikipedia"]. Ars Technica. [https://web.archive.org/web/20081020001720/http://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars/3 Archived] from the original on October 20, 2008. Retrieved October 22, 2011.</ref> mme a tshitshinya gore baitseanape ba santse ba na le lefelo mo lefatsheng la [[:en:Web_2.0|Web 2.0.]] Ka ngwaga wa 2006 o ne a tlhoma [[:en:Citizendium|Citizendium]], e leng ensaetlopedia e e bulegileng e e neng e dirisa maina a mmatota a batsayakarolo go fokotsa go tseleganya go go kgoreletsang, mme a solofela go tlhofofatsa "kaelo e e bonolo ya baitseanape" go oketsa go nepagala ga diteng tsa yone. Ditshwetso ka ga diteng tsa pego di ne di tshwanetse go nna mo diatleng tsa baagi, mme lefelo le ne le tshwanetse go akaretsa polelo ka ga "diteng tse di siametseng lelapa".<ref>[http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/CZ:Family-Friendly_Policy "Archive: Family-Friendly Policy – Citizendium]". en.citizendium.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20101120030154/http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/CZ:Family-Friendly_Policy Archived] from the original on November 20, 2010. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>Anderson, Nate (February 25, 2007). [https://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars "Citizendium: building a better Wikipedia"]. Ars Technica. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070324225040/http://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars Archived] from the original on March 24, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref> === Diteng tsa nako e e fetileng tsa Wikipedia === Dipego tsa bogologolo, le tse di sa tlholeng di dirisiwa, tsa ensaetlopedia di botlhokwa thata mo dipatlisisong tsa ditso .<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20210126035016/https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/12/encyclopedias-are-time-capsules/419619/ Encyclopedias Are Time Capsules – The Atlantic]". [[:en:The_Atlantic|The Atlantic]]. January 26, 2021. Archived from [https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/12/encyclopedias-are-time-capsules/419619/ the original] on January 26, 2021. Retrieved June 25, 2022.</ref> Mo pegong nngwe le nngwe ya Wikipedia, mefuta e e fetileng e ka fitlhelelwa ka kgokagano ya "Leba ditso" e e kwa godimo ga tsebe. Ditso tse di feletseng tsa dipego tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia le tsone di ka laisololwa jaaka [[:en:Wikipedia:Database_download|dithotobolo tsa tshedimosetso]], ka sebopego sa difaele tsa [[:en:XML|XML]] tse di gateletsweng.<ref>Koehrsen, Will (October 26, 2018). [https://medium.com/towards-data-science/wikipedia-data-science-working-with-the-worlds-largest-encyclopedia-c08efbac5f5c "Wikipedia Data Science: Working with the World's Largest Encyclopedia"]. ''Towards Data Science''. Retrieved February 4, 2025.</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, Polokelo ya Faele ya ZIM,<ref name=":8">[[iarchive:zimarchive|"ZIM File Archive: Free Data: Free Download, Borrow and Streaming]]". Internet Archive. Retrieved June 25, 2022.</ref> kwa [[:en:Internet_Archive|Polokelong ya Maranyane]], e na le dinepe tse di feletseng tsa nako e e fetileng tsa Wikipedia mmogo le ditlhopho tsa dipego, ka dipuo tse dintsi, go tswa mo dingwageng tse di farologaneng. Di ka bulwa ka mananeo a maranyane a [[:en:Kiwix|Kiwix]]. Magareng ga dingwaga tsa 2007 le 2011, go ne ga gololwa [[:en:History_of_Wikipedia#English_Wikipedia_CD/DVD/Kiwix_ZIM_file_releases|mefuta e meraro ya]] [[:en:History_of_Wikipedia#English_Wikipedia_CD/DVD/Kiwix_ZIM_file_releases|polokelo ya CD/DVD]] (e e bidiwang Mofuta wa Wikipedia 0.5, 0.7 le 0.8) e e nang le tlhopho ya dipego go tswa mo [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]]. Di ne tsa nna teng jaaka difaele tsa Kiwix ZIM, go tswa mo Polokelong ya Difaele tsa ZIM<ref name=":8" /> le go tswa mo lefelong la go laisolola ya Kiwix.[70] === Phetogo ya letshwao === [[Setshwantsho:Old wikipedia logo.png|left|thumb|Go tlhongwa – kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2001 (teko)]] <gallery mode="packed"> Setshwantsho:Wiki logo The Cunctator.png|Bofelo jwa ngwaga wa 2001 go ya kwa kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a lesome le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2003 Setshwantsho:Wikipedia-logo-v3-en.png|Kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2003 go ya kwa kgweding ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2010 Setshwantsho:Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg|Kgwedi wa Motsheganong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2010 – ga jaana </gallery> == Molanako == ''Dipego tse di sobokanyang ngwaga le ngwaga di tshwarwa mo teng ga lefelo la maina a lenaneo la Wikipedia mme di golaganngwa le tse di fa tlase. Didirisiwa tse dingwe tsa patlisiso di teng mo teng ga dipalo le dipolokelo tsa Wikipedia, mme di kwadilwe kwa bokhutlong jwa pego eo.'' === Ngwagasome wa ntlha: Ngwaga wa 2000 go ya kwa ngwageng wa 2009 === ==== Ngwaga wa 2000 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Bomis-staff-summer-2000.jpg|thumb|Babereki ba Bomis magareng ga dingwaga tsa 2000]] Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2000, lenaneo la [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]] le ne la simololwa. Maikaelelo a yone e ne e le go gatisa dipego tse di kwadilweng ke baitseanape tse di neng di tla fiwa tetla jaaka [[:en:Free_content|diteng tsa mahala]]. Nupedia e tlhomilwe ke Wales, a nale Sanger e le morulaganyi-mogolo, mme e tshegeditswe ka matlole ke kompone ya papatso ya boranyane ya [[:en:Bomis|Bomis]].<ref>Poe, Marshall (September 2006). "[https://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/ The Hive]". [[:en:The_Atlantic|The Atlantic]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061223004004/http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia Archived] from the original on December 23, 2006. Retrieved January 1, 2007.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2001 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2001, Wikipedia e ne ya simolola e le lenaneo le le kwa thoko ya Nupedia, go letla tirisanommogo mo dipegong pele ga go tsena mo thulaganyong ya tshekatsheko ya balekane.<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 10, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414014355/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html Let's make a wiki"]. Nupedia-l mailing list. Internet Archive. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Leina le le ne la ntshiwa e le kakanyo ke Sanger ka la bo kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le le lesome le bongwe ka ngwaga wa 2001 jaaka [[:en:Portmanteau|kopano ya mafoko]] ''[[:en:Wiki|wiki]]'' ([[:en:Hawaiian_language|Sehawaiian]] a a kayang "bofefo") le ''ensaetlopedia''.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414021138/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html <nowiki>"[Nupedia-l] Re: [Advisory-l] The wiki</nowiki>]..." nupedia.com. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20030414021138/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Maina a kgolagano ya karolo a ''wikipedia.com'' le ''wikipedia.org'' a ne a kwadisiwa ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bobedi <ref>[[:en:Network_Solutions|Network Solutions]] (2007) [http://www.networksolutions.com/whois/results.jsp?domain=wikipedia.com WHOIS domain registration information results for wikipedia.com from Network Solutions] Archived 27 September 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Retrieved 27 July 2007.</ref> le a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro,<ref>[[:en:Network_Solutions|Network Solutions]] (2007). [http://www.networksolutions.com/whois/results.jsp?domain=wikipedia.org "WHOIS domain registration information results for wikipedia.org from Network Solutions] [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927194913/http://www.networksolutions.com/whois/results.jsp?domain=wikipedia.org Archived] 27 September 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]". Retrieved 27 July 2007.</ref> ka go latelana, mme ''wikipedia.org'' e ne ya tsenngwa mo maranyaneng ka lone letsatsi leo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20101006010812/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page "Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20101006010812/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page Archived] from the original on October 6, 2010. Retrieved September 6, 2010.</ref> Lenaneo le ne la bulwa semmuso ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano("[[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Day|Letsatsi la Wikipedia"]]), ka di-Wikipedia tsa ntlha tsa boditšhabatšhaba – dikgatiso tsa Sejeremane, [[:en:Catalan_language|Se-Catalan]], Sefora, [[:en:Swedish_language|Se-Sweden]], le Se-italia– tse di neng tsa tlhamiwa fa gare ga dikgwedi tsa Mopitlo le Motsheganong. Melawana ya "ntlha ya pono e e sa tseyeng letlhakore" ([[:en:Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view|NPOV]]) e ne ya tlhamiwa semmuso ka nako eno, mme lekhubu la ntlha la Wikipedia la [[:en:Slashdot_effect|slashdotter]] le ne la goroga ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le maosme a mabedi le borataro.<ref>"[http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Britannica and Free Content]". Slashdot. July 26, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090114204227/http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Archived] from the original on January 14, 2009.</ref> Pegelo ya ntlha ya bobegakgang ka ga Wikipedia e ne ya tlhagelela ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga 2001 mo mokwalong wa dikgang ywa [[:en:Western_Mail_(Wales)|''Wales ka Sontaga'']].<ref>[[:en:Western_Mail_(Wales)|Wales on Sunday]] (26 August 2001) Knowledge at your fingertips. Game On: Internet Chat.(writing, "Both Encarta and Britannica are official publications with well-deserved reputations. But there are other options, such as homemade encyclopaedias. One is Wikipedia (www.wikipedia.com) which uses clever software to build an encyclopaedia from scratch. Wiki is software installed on a web server that allows anyone to edit any of the pages. On Wikipedia, anyone can write about any subject they know about. The idea is that over time, enough experts will offer their knowledge for free and build up the world's ultimate hand-built database of knowledge. The disadvantage is that it's still an ongoing project. So far about 8,000 articles have been written and the editors are aiming for 100,000.")</ref> [[:en:September_11_attacks|Ditlhaselo tsa kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bongwe]] di ne tsa dira gore go tlhagelele dikgang tse di botlhokwa mo tsebeng ya gae, mmogo le mabokoso a tshedimosetso a a golaganyang dipego tse di amanang le tsone.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20011010233257/http://www.wikipedia.com/ October 2001 homepage screenshot] shows the "Breaking News" header up top, as well as 11 September 2001 block of articles under "Current events"; the [https://web.archive.org/web/20011010230439/http://www.wikipedia.com/wiki/September_11%2C_2001_Terrorist_Attack 9/11] page shows the activist nature of the page, as well as the large number of subtopics created to cover the event.</ref> Ka nako eo, go ne go setse go tlhamilwe dipego di ka nna lekgolo tse di amanang le 9/11 .<ref>Keegan, Brian (November 17, 2020). [https://slate.com/technology/2020/11/wikipedia-september-11-breaking-news.html "How 9/11 Made Wikipedia What It Is Today]". Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210506060557/https://slate.com/technology/2020/11/wikipedia-september-11-breaking-news.html Archived] from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved May 10, 2021.</ref> Morago ga ditlhaselo tsa kgwedi ya Lwetse a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bongwe, go ne ga tlhaga kgokagano ya setlhogo sa Wikipedia se se buang ka ditlhaselo tseno mo [[:en:Yahoo!|Yahoo!]] tsebe ya gae, mme seno sa felela ka gore go nne le koketsego ya pharakano.<ref>Pasternack, Alex (September 11, 2021). [https://www.fastcompany.com/90674998/how-9-11-turned-a-new-site-called-wikipedia-into-historys-crowdsourced-front-page "How 9/11 turned a new site called Wikipedia into history's crowdsourced front page".] Fast Company. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210911121514/https://www.fastcompany.com/90674998/how-9-11-turned-a-new-site-called-wikipedia-into-historys-crowdsourced-front-page Archived] from the original on September 11, 2021. Retrieved September 11, 2021.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2002 ==== Ngwaga wa 2002 e ne ya bona go fokodiwa ga matlole a Wikipedia go tswa go [[:en:Bomis|Bomis]] le go tsamaya ga ga Sanger. Go ne ga nna le go [[:en:Fork_(software_development)|kgaogana]] ga [[:en:Spanish_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sepanishe]], ka go tlhongwa ga [[:en:Enciclopedia_Libre|''Encyclopedia Libre'']]. Jimmy Wales o netefaditse gore Wikipedia ga e kitla e tsamaisa papatso ya kgwebo. Maranyane a sesupaditshwantsho a ntlha a a rwalegang a [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]] a ne a simolola go dira ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsia le masome a matlhano. Go ne ga tlhagisiwa diroboto. Lenaneo la ntlha la kgaitsadi ([[:en:Wiktionary|Wiktionary]]) le [[:en:Manual_of_Style|Bukana ya]] [[:en:Manual_of_Style|mokgwa]] ya ntlha ya semmuso di ne tsa thankgololwa. Batshwaedi ba ka nna makgolo a mabedi ba ne ba tseleganya Wikipedia letsatsi le letsatsi.<ref>Singer, Michael (January 16, 2002). [https://web.archive.org/web/20030316082912/http://siliconvalley.internet.com/news/article.php/3531_956641 "Free Encyclopedia Project Celebrates Year One]". [[:en:Mecklermedia|''Jupitermedia'']]. Archived from [http://siliconvalley.internet.com/news/article.php/3531_956641 the original] on March 16, 2003.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2003 ==== [[Setshwantsho:2003-08-31 English Wikipedia main page.svg|thumb|Tsebekgolo ya Wikipedia (kgwedi ya Phatwe ngwaga wa 2003)]] Wikipedia ya Seesemane e fetile dipego di le dikete tse lekgolo ka ngwaga wa 2003, fa kgatiso e e latelang e kgolo go gaisa, Wikipedia ya Sejeremane, e fetile di le dikete tse lesome. [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] o ne wa tlhongwa. Wikipedia e amogetse letshwao la yone la lefatshe la jigsaw. Difomula tsa dipalo tse di dirisang [[:en:TeX|TeX]] di ne tsa tsenngwa gape mo lefelong la tshedimosetse. [[:de:Wikipedia:Stammtisch München/Archiv/2003|Kopano ya ntlha ya loago ya Wikipedia]] e ne ya tshwarelwa kwa lefelong la [[:en:Munich|Munich]], kwa lefatsheng la Germany, ka Phalane. Melaometheo ya motheo ya tsamaiso ya [[:en:Wikipedia:ArbCom|Katlholo le komiti ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] ("ArbCom") e ne ya tlhamiwa. [[:en:Wikisource|Wikisource]] e ne ya tlhamiwa jaaka lenaneo le le farologaneng ka kgwedi ya Ngwanaitseele a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bone ka ngwaga wa 2003, go amogela metswedi ya mahala ya mafoko jaaka maikaelelo a yone mo dipuong tse dintsi le dithanolo. ==== Ngwaga wa 2004 ==== Letamo la dipego tsa Wikipedia lefatshe ka bophara le ne la tswelela go gola ka bonako ka ngwaga wa 2004, la menagana gabedi ka bogolo mo dikgweding di le lesome le bobedi, go tswa mo dipegong tse di ka fa tlase ga dikete tse makgolo a matlhano kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2003 go ya ko go tse di fetang sedikadike se le sengwe ka dipuo tse di fetang lekgolo kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2004. Dipego tsa Seesemane fela tsa Wikipedia tse di ne tsa dira gore go nne le dipego tse di ka fa tlase ga dikete tse makgolo a matlhano. Dipolase tsa disefara tsa lefelo la tshedimosetso di ne tsa fudusiwa go tswa kwa California go ya kwa Florida. [[:en:Wikipedia:Categories|Ditlhopha]] le dipampiri tsa thulaganyo ya mokgwa wa [[:en:CSS|CSS]] di ne tsa tlhagisiwa. Maiteko a ntlha a go thibela Wikipedia a ne a diragala, ka lefelo la tshedimosetso le ne la thibelwa kwa China dibeke di le pedi ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo. Ditlhopho tsa semmuso di ne tsa simolola tsa boto ya mokgatlho, le Komiti ya Katlholo mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane. Kgaolo ya ntlha ya bosetšhaba ya Motheo, e leng [[:en:Wikimedia_Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]], e ne ya amogelwa. Kopano, ya ntlha ya loago kwa United States e ne ya tshwarelwa kwa [[:en:Boston|Boston]], [[:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/Boston1|ka kgwedi ya Phukwi]]. [[:en:Wikimedia_Commons|Wikimedia Commons]] e tlhamilwe ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola letsatsi le supa ka ngwaga wa 2004 go amogela difaele tsa media tsa Wikipedia ka dipuo tsotlhe. Bourgeois v. Peters,<ref name=":9">"[https://web.archive.org/web/20121221140312/http://www.ca11.uscourts.gov/opinions/ops/200216886.pdf 387 F.3d 1303]" (PDF). Archived from [http://www.ca11.uscourts.gov/opinions/ops/200216886.pdf the original] (PDF) on December 21, 2012. Retrieved November 19, 2013.</ref> (11th Cir. 2004), tsheko ya kgotlatshekelo e e neng ya swetswa ke [[:en:United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eleventh_Circuit|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo ya United States ya Potologo ya Bolesome le bongwe]] e ne e le nngwe ya dikgopolo tsa ntlha tsa kgotlatshekelo go nopola le go nopola Wikipedia.<ref>Peoples, Lee (January 2010). [http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1055&context=yjolt "The Citation of Wikipedia in Judicial Opinions]". Yale Journal of Law and Technology. 12 (1). [https://web.archive.org/web/20150224051512/http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1055&context=yjolt Archived] from the original on February 24, 2015.</ref> E ne ya bolela jaana: "Gape re gana kgopolo ya gore maemo a kgakololo ya matshosetsi a Lephata la Tshireletso ya Naga ka tsela nngwe a siametse dipatlisiso tseno. Le fa maemo a matshosetsi a ne a 'tlhatlositswe' ka nako ya boipelaetso, 'go fitlha ga jaana, maemo a matshosetsi a ntse a le mo mmala o mosetlha (a tlhatlositswe) go ya go mmala wa lamune mo bontsing jwa nako e e fetileng. makgetlo a le mantsi.'"<ref name=":9" /> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabongwe, Wikipedia e ne ya fetola letlalo la yone la thulaganyetsoruri go tswa go [[mw:Skin:Standard|Tlwaelo]] go ya go [[mw:Skin:MonoBook|MonoBook]], segokaganyi se se neng sa nna sa thulaganyo ya ruri mo mafelong a tshedimosetso a Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref>"[[mw:Skin:MonoBook|MonoBook]]". MediaWiki. Retrieved April 30, 2026.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2005 ==== Ka ngwaga wa 2005, Wikipedia e ne ya nna lefelo la tshedimosetso le le ratiwang thata ya ditshupiso mo maranyaneng, go ya ka [[:en:Hitwise|Hitwise]], ka Wikipedia ya Seesemane e le nosi e e fetang dipego di le dikete di le makgolo a supa le botlhano. Dikgoro tsa ntlha tsa Wikipedia tsa dipuo tse dintsi le tsa dirutwa di ne tsa tlhongwa ka ngwaga wa 2005. Kokoanyo ya semmuso ya madi e e neng ya tshwarwa mo kotareng ya ntlha ya ngwaga e ne ya kokoanya mo e ka nnang di dolara tsa lefatshe la Amerika di le dikete tse lekgolo ya go tlhabolola tsamaiso go samagana le tlhokego e e golang. China e ne ya thibela Wikipedia gape ka kgwedi ya Phalane ngwaga wa 2005. Matlhabisaditlhong a ntlha a magolo a Wikipedia, [[:en:Seigenthaler_incident|tiragalo ya ga Seigenthaler]], a diragetse ka ngwaga wa 2005 fa go ne go fitlhelwa gore motho yo o itsegeng thata o na le mokwalo wa botshelo jwa motho jo bo sentsweng jo bo neng bo sa lemogiwe dikgwedi di le dintsi. Morago ga matshwenyego ano le a mangwe,<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons|WP:BLP]] was started on 17 December 2005, with the narrative "I started this due to the Daniel Brandt situation". [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons&oldid=31753956 Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210609020908/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons&oldid=31753956 Archived] 9 June 2021 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]</ref> go ne ga tlhongwa diphetogo tsa ntlha tsa melawana le tsa tsamaiso tse di neng di diretswe ka tlhamalalo go lwantsha mofuta ono wa kgokgontsho. Tse di ne di akaretsa ntšhwafatso e ntšhwa ya molawana wa tshiamelo ya [[m:CheckUser policy|Checkuser]] go thusa mo dipatlisisong tsa [[:en:Sockpuppet_(Internet)|dipopae tsa dikausu]], karolo e ntšhwa e e bidiwang tshireletso ye seng botlalo, molawan o o gagametseng thata wa dibuka tsa botshelo jwa batho ba ba tshelang, le go tshwaya dipego tse di ntseng jalo gore di sekasekwe ka tsela e e gagametseng. Thibelo ya go tlhama dipego tse dišwa go badirisi ba ba kwadisitsweng e ne ya tsenngwa tirisong fela ka kgwedi ya Sedimontholeka ngwaga wa 2005 mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane.<ref>Terdiman, Daniel. "[https://www.cnet.com/culture/growing-pains-for-wikipedia/ Growing pains for Wikipedia"]. CNET. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055529/https://www.cnet.com/culture/growing-pains-for-wikipedia/ Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Wikimania ya ngwaga wa 2005, e leng bokopano jwa ntlha jwa [[:en:Wikimania|Wikimania]], e ne ya tshwarwa go tloga ka letsatsi la bone go fitlha ka letsatsi la borobabobedi ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2005 kwa ''Haus der Jugend'' kwa [[:en:Frankfurt|Frankfurt]], mme ya ngoka batho ba ka nna makgolo a le mararo le masome a borobabobedi ba ba neng ba le teng. ==== Ngwaga wa 2006 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikimania - the Wikimentary.webm|thumb|Wikimania – Tokomane ya Wikimania, filimi e e buang ka Wikimania ngwaga wa 2005, e e nang le [[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Jimmy Wales]] le [[:en:Ward_Cunningham|Ward Cunningham]]]] Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona pego ya yone ya bo ikadike, [[:en:Jordanhill_railway_station|seteišene sa terena sa Jordanhill]], ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo a tlhola letsatsi ,ka ngwaga wa 2006.<ref>Simon, Matt (March 1, 2012). [https://www.wired.com/2012/03/march-1-2006-english-wikipedias-millionth-entry-pulls-into-the-station/https://www.wired.com/2012/03/march-1-2006-english-wikipedias-millionth-entry-pulls-into-the-station/ "March 1, 2006: English Wikipedia's Millionth Entry Pulls Into the Station]". [[:en:Wired_(magazine)|Wired]]. Retrieved April 1, 2024.</ref><ref>Lemon, Sumner (March 2, 2006)[https://www.computerworld.com/article/2563140/millionth-english-article-posted-on-wikipedia.html . "Millionth English article posted on Wikipedia"]. [[:en:Computerworld|''Computerworld'']]. Retrieved April 1, 2024.</ref> Tlhopho ya ntlha ya pego ya Wikipedia e e amogetsweng e ne ya dirwa gore e kgone go laisololwa mahala, mme "Wikipedia" e ne ya kwadisiwa jaaka letshwaokgwebo la Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia. [[:en:United_States_congressional_staff_edits_to_Wikipedia|Matlhabisa ditlhong a]] [[:en:United_States_congressional_staff_edits_to_Wikipedia|mokwalo wa botshelo jwa motho ya bathusi ba phutego]]– ditiragalo tse dintsi tse mo go tsona badiri ba phutego le motsamaisi wa letsholo ba neng ba tshwarwa ba leka go fetola botshelo jwa motho ya Wikipedia ka ha sephiring – a ne a lemogiwa ke setšhaba, mme se sa dira gore motsamaisi wa letsholo a tlogele tiro. Le fa go ntse jalo, Wikipedia e ne ya tsewa e le nngwe ya matshwaokgwebo a matlhano a a kwa godimo a lefatshe ka bophara a ngwaga wa 2006.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070321033410/http://www.brandchannel.com/start1.asp?fa_id=352 "brandchannel.com | branding news]". March 21, 2007. Archived from [http://www.brandchannel.com/start1.asp?fa_id=352 the original] on March 21, 2007. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Jimmy Wales o ne a supa kwa [[:en:Wikimania_2006|Wikimania]] [[:en:Wikimania_2006|wa ngwaga wa 2006]] gore Wikipedia e fitlheletse bogolo jo bo lekaneng mme a kopa gore go gatelelwa boleng, gongwe se se tlhagisitsweng sentle mo pitsong ya [[:en:Wikipedia:100,000_feature-quality_articles|dipego di le dikete tse lekgolo tsa boleng jwa dikarolo]]. Go ne ga tlhamiwa tshiamelo e ntšhwa, "botlhokomedi", e e letlang mefuta e e rileng ya ditsebe tse di bolokilweng tse di nang le diteng tse di sa amogelesegeng go tshwaiwa jaaka tse di sa bonweng. Tshireletso e e seng kalo kgatlhanong le tshenyo e e sa itsiweng, e e neng ya tlhagisiwa ka ngwaga wa 2005, e ne ya itshupa e ratwa thata go feta ka fa go neng go solofetswe ka teng, ka ditsebe di feta dikete tse di neng tsa sirelediwa ka bontlhabongwe ka nako epe fela ka ngwaga wa 2006. ==== Ngwaga wa 2007 ==== Wikipedia e ne ya tswelela go gola ka bonako ka ngwaga wa 2007, e na le diakhaonto tsa barulaganyi tse di kwadisitsweng di feta didikadike di le tlhano ka kgwedi ya Phatwe a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro.<ref>See the special page: [[:en:Special:Statistics|Special:Statistics]]: 5,078,036 registered user accounts as of 13 August 2007, excluding anonymous editors who have not created accounts.</ref> Dikgatiso tsa dipuo di le makgolo a mabedi le botlhano tsa Wikipedia di ne di na le palogotlhe e e kopantsweng ya dipego di le didikadike di le supa ntlha tlhano e leng palogotlhe ya mafoko a le didikadike di le bongwe ntlha supa le bone, ka kgwedi ya Phatwe a tlhola a malatsi a le lesome le boraro .<ref>Source: [[:en:Wikipedia:Size_comparisons|Wikipedia:Size comparisons]] as of 13 August 2007</ref> Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona dipego ka selekanyo se se tlhomameng sa di le sekete se le sengwe le makgolo a supa ka letsatsi,<ref>From around Q3 2006 Wikipedia's growth rate has been approximately linear, source: [[:en:Wikipedia:Statistics|Wikipedia:Statistics]] – new article count by month 2006–2007.</ref> ka leina la kgolagano ya karolo la wikipedia.org le le mo maemong a bo lesome a a naleng ditiro tse dintsi mo lefatsheng. Wikipedia e ne ya tswelela go bonala [[:en:Category:Wikipedia_publicity|mo bobegakgannyeng]] – [[:en:Essjay_controversy|kganetsano ya ga Essjay]] e ne ya runya fa leloko le le tlhageletseng la Wikipedia le ne le fitlhelwa le buile maaka ka dintlha tsa gagwe tsa boitshupo. [[:en:Citizendium|Citizendium]], e leng ensaetlopedia e e gaisanang ya mo maranyaneng, e ne ya thankgololwa phatlalatsa. Tlwaelo e ntšhwa e ne ya tlhagelela mo Wikipedia, ka ensaetlopedia e e neng e bua le batho ba go itsege ga bone go neng go tswa mo go nneng motsayakarolo mo kgannyeng ya dikgang ka go oketsa kaelo go tswa mo leineng la bone go ya kwa kgannyeng e kgolo, go na le go tlhama pego e e tlhaolegileng ya mokwalo wa botshelo jwa motho.[<ref>e.g., cases such as [[:en:Crystal_Mangum|Crystal Mangum]] and Daniel Brandt.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2007, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona pego ya yone ya didikadike di le pedi, [[:en:El_Hormiguero|''El Hormiguero'']].<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20170708005830/https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Press_releases/Wikipedia_Reaches_2_Million_Articles English Wikipedia Reaches 2 Million Articles"]. [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]]. September 9, 2007. Archived from [[foundationsite:wiki/Press_releases/Wikipedia_Reaches_2_Million_Articles|the original]] on July 8, 2017. Retrieved June 3, 2012.</ref> Go ne ga nna le kganetsano nngwe kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2007 fa [[:en:Volapük_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Volapük]] e ne e tlola go tswa ko dipegong di le makgolo a supa, masome a borobabongwe le bosupa go ya go feta dikete tse lekgolo le bongwe le dikete tse pedi, ka bokhutshwane ya nna kgatiso ya bo lesome le botlhano e kgolo go gaisa tsotlhe ya Wikipedia, ka ntlha ya go tlhamiwa ga ditlhogo tse di itirisang ke motlhoafaledi wa puo e e agilweng ya [[:en:Volapük|Volapük]]<ref>"[http://www.pcworld.pl/artykuly/56502/MySpace.kontra.Facebook.html#t_34252 Ciekawe wydarzenia w Internecie]". PC World (Polish) (in Polish). December 1, 2007. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131106024950/http://www.pcworld.pl/artykuly/56502/MySpace.kontra.Facebook.html#t_34252 Archived] from the original on November 6, 2013. Retrieved April 26, 2013.</ref><ref>Yves Nevelsteen (September 15, 2007). [http://www.liberafolio.org/2007/volapukapedio "Volapuko jam superas Esperanton en Vikipedio"]. Libera Folio (in Esperanto). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130329091247/http://www.liberafolio.org/2007/volapukapedio Archived] from the original on March 29, 2013. Retrieved April 26, 2013.</ref>. Go ya ka [[:en:MIT_Technology_Review|''MIT Technology Review,'']] palo ya barulaganyi ba ba tlhagafetseng ka bontsi jwa dinako mo Wikipedia ya puo ya Seesemane e ne ya fitlha kwa setlhoeng ka ngwaga wa 2007 go feta dikete tse masome a matlhano le bongwe, mme fa e sa le ka nako eo e ntse e fokotsega.<ref>Simonite, Tom (October 22, 2013). "[https://www.technologyreview.com/2013/10/22/175674/the-decline-of-wikipedia/ The Decline of Wikipedia]". [[:en:MIT_Technology_Review|MIT Technology Review]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220731083716/https://www.technologyreview.com/2013/10/22/175674/the-decline-of-wikipedia/ Archived] from the original on July 31, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2020.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang kangwaga wa 2007, go ne ga gatisiwa tokololo ya tlhopho ya pego ya Wikipedia ya Mofuta wa 0.5.<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 Wikipedia:Version 1.0 Editorial Team]", Wikipedia, June 12, 2022, [https://web.archive.org/web/20220707222542/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 archived] from the original on July 7, 2022, retrieved June 25, 2022</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2008 ==== [[:en:WikiProject|Mananeo a Wiki]] a a farologaneng mo mafelong a le mantsi a ne a tswelela go atolosa le go tokafatsa diteng tsa pego mo teng ga bogolo jwa tsone. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2008, go ne ga tlhamiwa pego ya Wikipedia ya didikadike di le lesome, mme kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya feta dipego di le didikadike di le dikete tse pedi le botlhano. ==== Ngwaga wa 2009 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2009 ka oura ya masome a mabedi le bobedi le metsotso e le lesome le botlhano mo nakong ya UTC, morago [[:en:Death_of_Michael_Jackson|ga loso lwa ga Michael Jackson]], lefelo la tshedimosetso le ne la phutlhama ka nakwana. [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] o begile gore go ne ga nna le baeng ba ba ka nnang didikadike ba ba neng ba le kwa mokwalong wa botshelo jwa ga Jackson mo lobakeng lwa oura e le nngwe, gongwe e le baeng ba bantsi mo lobakeng lwa oura e le nngwe ba ba neng ba le kwa pegong epe fela mo ditsong tsa Wikipedia. Kwa bokhutlong jwa kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2009, palo ya dipego mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia e ne e fetile didikadike di le lesome le bone .<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140305100104/https://stats.wikimedia.org/EN/TablesArticlesTotal.htm Wikipedia Statistics, Article count (official)]". Wikimedia.org. Archived from [[stats:EN/TablesArticlesTotal.htm|the original]] on March 5, 2014.</ref> Setlhogo sa didikadike di le tharo mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane, [[:en:Beate_Eriksen|Beate Eriksen]], se tlhamilwe ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2009 ka nako ya oura ya bone le metsotso e le metlhano, go ya ka Nako ya Lefatshelotlhe e e Rulagantsweng (UTC).<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2009-08-17/News_and_notes&oldid=309138115 Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2009-08-17/News and notes"], Wikipedia, August 20, 2009, [https://web.archive.org/web/20210609111443/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2009-08-17/News_and_notes&oldid=309138115 archived] from the original on June 9, 2021, retrieved March 16, 2023</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2009, Wikipedia ya Sejeremane e ne ya feta dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe, mme ya nna kgatiso ya bobedi morago ga Wikipedia ya Seesemane go dira jalo. Setlhogo sa [[:en:Time_(magazine)|''TIME'']] se ne sa kwala Wikipedia mo gare ga mafelo a tshedimosetso a a gaisang tsa ngwaga wa 2009.<ref>"[http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1918031_1918016_1917948,00.html Wikipedia – 50 Best Websites 2009]" [https://web.archive.org/web/20111202174857/http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1918031_1918016_1917948,00.html Archived] 2 December 2011 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. TIME. 24 August 2009. Retrieved 24 November 2011.</ref> Diteng tsa Wikipedia di ne tsa fiwa tetla ka fa tlase ga tetla ya [[:en:Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike|Creative Commons ya go Abelana]] ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref>"[[m:Licensing_update/Timeline|Licensing update/Timeline – Meta".]] meta.wikimedia.org. October 30, 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220817062932/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Licensing_update/Timeline Archived] from the original on August 17, 2022. Retrieved August 29, 2022.</ref> === Ngwagasome wa bobedi: ngwaga wa 2010 go ya kwa ngwageng wa 2019 === ==== Ngwaga wa 2010 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a masome a mabedi le bone, ditsamaiso tse di bolokang ditshedimosetso tsa Wikipedia tsa karolo kgolo ya lefatshe e e naleng mafatshe ya Europe di ne tsa tswa mo maranyaneng ka ntlha ya bothata jwa go gotela thata. [[:en:Failover|Go palelwa]] ke ditsamaiso tsa poloko ya tshedimosetso kwa Florida go ne ga itshupa go robegile, ga dira gore tharabololo ya [[:en:Domain_Name_System|DNS]] ya Wikipedia e palelwe go ralala lefatshe. Bothata bo ne jwa rarabololwa ka bonako, mme ka ntlha ya ditlamorago tsa go boloka DNS, mafelo mangwe a ne a le bonya go kgona go bona Wikipedia gape go feta a mangwe.<ref>Bergsma, Mark (March 24, 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20100327123357/http://techblog.wikimedia.org/2010/03/global-outage-cooling-failure-and-dns/ "Global Outage (cooling failure and DNS)"]. Wikimedia Technical Blog. Archived from [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2010/03/global-outage-cooling-failure-and-dns/ the original] on March 27, 2010. Retrieved March 30, 2010.</ref><ref>Perez, Juan Carlos (March 25, 2010). [https://www.pcworld.com/article/192410/wikipedia_suffers_global_collapse.html "Wikipedia Suffers Global Collapse"]. PC World. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100329132858/http://www.pcworld.com/article/192410/wikipedia_suffers_global_collapse.html Archived] from the original on March 29, 2010. Retrieved March 30, 2010.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganonga tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro, lefelo la tshedimosetso le ne la golola sebopego se sesha sa yone. Dikarolo tse disha di ne di akaretsa letshwao le le ntšha, didirisiwa tse di ntšha tsa go tsamaya mo lefelong la tshedimosetso le, le sedirisiwa sa go thusa go tlhama dikgokagano<ref name=":17">"[https://web.archive.org/web/20100822062045/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special%3AUsabilityInitiativePrefSwitch New features]". [[:en:Wikipedia|Wikipedia]]. Archived from [[:en:Special:UsabilityInitiativePrefSwitch|the original]] on August 22, 2010. Retrieved September 6, 2010.</ref>. Le fa go ntse jalo, sebopego sa bogologolo se ne sa tswelela se le teng gore se dirisiwe ke ba ba neng ba batla go tswelela ba se dirisa. Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bobedi, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya feta palo ya ditlhogo di le didikadike di le dikete tse tharo le botlhano fa setlhogo sa sedikadike sa ntlha sa Wikipedia ya Sefora se ne sa tlhamiwa ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bongwe. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro, go ne ga dirwa tokafatso ya sedikadike ya ntlha mo mananeong otlhe a Wikimedia. Mo tshimologong ya ngwaga wa 2010, go ne ga gatisiwa kgatiso ya Wikipedia Version 0.7, e e neng e na le tlhopho ya dipego.<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 Wikipedia:Version 1.0 Editorial Team"], Wikipedia, June 12, 2022, [https://web.archive.org/web/20220707222542/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 archived] from the original on July 7, 2022, retrieved June 25, 2022</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2011 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Armwikicake.png|thumb|Nngwe ya [[c:Wikipedia 10 Photo gallery#Wikipedia_10_Cakes|dikuku di le mmalwa]] tse di dirilweng go keteka ngwaga wa bo lesome wa Wikipedia ka ngwaga wa 2011<ref>[[tenwiki:Main_Page|"Wikipedia 10"]]. Ten.wikipedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131231212611/http://ten.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page Archived] from the original on December 31, 2013. Retrieved February 26, 2014.</ref>]] Wikipedia le badirisi ba yone ba ne ba tshwara meletlo e le mentsi lefatshe ka bophara go gopola [[:en:Wikipedia:10_years_of_Wikipedia|ngwaga wa bo]] [[:en:Wikipedia:10_years_of_Wikipedia|lesome]] wa lefelo leo ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano.<ref>Wikipedia celebrates a decade of edit wars, controversy, and Internet dominance [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2011/011111-wikipedia-decade.html?hpg1=bn networkworld.com] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120315204326/http://www.networkworld.com/news/2011/011111-wikipedia-decade.html?hpg1=bn Archived] 15 March 2012 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]</ref> Lefelo leo le ne la simolola maiteko a go atolosa kgolo ya lone kwa India, mme la tshwara bokopano jwa lone jwa ntlha jwa India kwa Mumbai ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2011.<ref>Vaidyanathan, Rajini (November 19, 2011). [https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-15803308 "Wikipedia hosts India conference amid expansion push"]. BBC News. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055525/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-15803308 Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN1116765620110112 "Wikipedia, 10 years old, targets India]". Reuters. January 12, 2011. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110114211053/http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN1116765620110112 Archived] from the original on January 14, 2011. Retrieved January 13, 2011.</ref> [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] e fetile letshwao la dipego di le didikadike di le dikete tse tharo le botlhano ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a mabedi, mme ya fitlha go dipego di le didikadike di le dikete tse tharo le borobabobedi ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola malatsia le lesome le borobabobedi. Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola malatsia le supa ka ngwaga wa 2011, [[:en:German_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejeremane]] e ne ya feta diphetogo tsa ditsebe di le didikadike di le lekgolo, mme ya nna kgatiso ya bobedi ya puo go dira jalo morago ga kgatiso ya Seesemane, e e neng ya fitlhelela diphetogo tsa ditsebe di le didikadike di le makgolo a matlhano ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola malatsi a le masome le bobedile bone ka ngwaga wa 2011. [[:en:Dutch_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sedatšhe]] e ne ya feta dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le lesomele bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2011 e nna kgatiso ya bone go dira jalo. Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo a tlhola malatsi a le mararo ka ngwaga wa 2011, go ne ga gatisiwa kgololo ya tlhopho ya pego ya Wikipedia ya Mofuta wa 0.8.<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_0.8&oldid=998970578 Wikipedia:Version 0.8"], Wikipedia, January 7, 2021, [https://web.archive.org/web/20220705013507/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_0.8&oldid=998970578 archived] from the original on July 5, 2022, retrieved June 25, 2022</ref> Setempe sa "Wikimania 2011 – Haifa, Iseraele" se ne sa ntshiwa ke Israel Post ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola malatsi a le mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2011. Se e ne e le setempe sa ntlha se se neng se neetswe lenaneo le le amanang le Wikimedia. Magareng ga malatsi a mane le borataro a kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2011, [[:en:Italian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Italy]] e ne ya nna e e sa fitlhelegeng ka bomo go ipelaetsa kgatlhanong le molao o o tshitshintsweng wa [[:en:Italian_Parliament|Palamente ya Italy]] wa [[:en:DDL_intercettazioni|DDL intercettazioni]], o, fa o ka amogelwa, o neng o tla letla motho ope fela go pateletsa mafelo a tshedimosetso go ntsha tshedimosetso e e tsewang e le e e seng boammaaruri kgotsa e e kgopisang, kwantle ga go ntsha bosupi.<ref>[https://www.pcmag.com/archive/italian-wikipedia-hidden-to-protest-wiretap-law-288689 "Italian Wikipedia Hidden To Protest WireTap Law"]. PC Magazine. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055529/https://www.pcmag.com/archive/italian-wikipedia-hidden-to-protest-wiretap-law-288689 Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Gape ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2011, Wikimedia e ne ya itsise go simololwa ga [[:en:Wikipedia_Zero|Wikipedia Zero]], e leng letsholo la go kgontsha phitlhelelo ya mahala ya megala ya mosokela tsebeng mo Wikipedia mo ditshebang tse di tlhabologang ka tirisanommogo le badirisi ba megala ya mosokela tsebeng.<ref>Kapoor, Amit (October 26, 2011). [https://blog.wikimedia.org/2011/10/26/wikipedia-seeks-global-operator-partners-to-enable-free-access/ "Wikipedia seeks global operator partners to enable free access]". Wikimedia blog. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150717070411/http://blog.wikimedia.org/2011/10/26/wikipedia-seeks-global-operator-partners-to-enable-free-access/ Archived] from the original on July 17, 2015.</ref><ref>"[[mw:Wikipedia_Zero|Wikipedia Zero]]". MediaWiki. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120529101704/http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikipedia_Zero Archived] from the original on May 29, 2012. Retrieved May 27, 2012.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2012 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikimedia Foundation Wikipedia Blackout SOPA January 18, 2012.theora.ogv|thumb|Babereki ba kwa [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlhong wa Wikimedia]] ka nako ya fa go ne go kgaoga emisiwa tirelo ya lefelo la tshedimosetso mo SOPA]] Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlholamalatsi a le lesome le borataro, motlhami-mmogo wa Wikipedia [[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Jimmy Wales]] o ne a itsise gore Wikipedia ya Seesemane e tla [[:en:2012_Wikipedia_blackout|tswallwa ruri]] dioura di le masome a mabedi le bone ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e le lesome le borobabobedi jaaka karolo ya boipelaetso jo bo neng bo ikaeletse go bitsa tlhokomelo ya setšhaba mo Molaong o o tshitshintsweng wa go [[:en:Stop_Online_Piracy_Act|Emisa Borukhutlhi jwa Inthanete]] le [[:en:PROTECT_IP_Act|Molao wa PROTECT IP]] , e leng melao e mebedi e e [[:en:Copyright_infringement|kgatlhanong le borukhutlhi jwa dithoto tsa bakwadi]] jwa [[:en:United_States_Congress|puthego ya United States]] ka fa tlase ga ngangisano. Ba ne ba bitsa kemiso ya tirelo ye ya lefelo la tshedimosetso "tshwetso ya baagi", Wales le baganetsi ba bangwe ba melao ba ne ba dumela gore e tla tsenya puo e e gololesegileng le boitshimololedi jwa mo inthaneteng mo kotsing.<ref>Ortenzi, T. J. (January 17, 2012). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/blogpost/post/wikipedia-blackout-coming-jan-18-says-co-founder-jimmy-wales/2012/01/16/gIQAh2Ke3P_blog.html "Wikipedia blackout coming Wednesday, says co-founder Jimmy Wales"]. The Washington Post. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160306052240/https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/blogpost/post/wikipedia-blackout-coming-jan-18-says-co-founder-jimmy-wales/2012/01/16/gIQAh2Ke3P_blog.html Archived] from the original on March 6, 2016. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Go emisa tirelo ga nakwana mo go tshwanang le mo go ne ga dirwa ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome ke [[:en:Russian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Russia,]] go ipelaetsa kgatlhanong le molao o o tshitshintsweng wa taolo ya inthanete ya Russia.<ref>[https://www.express.co.uk/news/world/332016/Russian-Wikipedia-shuts-in-protest "Russian Wikipedia shuts in protest]". UKPA via Google. July 10, 2012.</ref> Mo bokhutlong jwa kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2012, [[m:Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]] e ne ya itsise ka [[:en:Wikidata|Wikidata]], e leng boalo jwa lefatshe lotlhe jwa go abelana tshedimosetso fa gare ga dikgatiso tsotlhe tsa dipuo tsa Wikipedia.<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/wikipedia/posts/158388724283345 "Wikidata announcement on Facebook]". Wikimedia Deutschland. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160101031943/https://www.facebook.com/wikipedia/posts/158388724283345 Archived] from the original on January 1, 2016. Retrieved October 28, 2015.</ref><ref>Chalabi, Mona (April 26, 2013). "[https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2013/apr/26/wikidata-launch Welcome to Wikidata! Now what?]". [https://web.archive.org/web/20211002152920/https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2013/apr/26/wikidata-launch Archived] from the original on October 2, 2021. Retrieved October 2, 2021.</ref> Lenaneo la Wikidata la didolara di le didikadike di le sekete le bosupa tsa Amerika e ne e tlamelwa ke Google, [[:en:Gordon_and_Betty_Moore_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Gordon le Betty Moore]], le Setheo sa Allen sa Botlhale jwa Maitirelo<ref>Terdiman, Daniel. [https://www.cnet.com/culture/wikidata-to-provide-structured-data-for-all-wikipedia-versions/ "Wikidata to provide structured data for all Wikipedia versions"]. CNET. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055527/https://www.cnet.com/culture/wikidata-to-provide-structured-data-for-all-wikipedia-versions/ Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Wikimedia Deutschland e ne ya tsaya maikarabelo a kgato ya ntlha ya Wikidata, mme kwa tshimologong e ne e rulagantse go dira gore boalo bo nne teng mo barulaganying ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2012. Kgato ya ntlha ya Wikidata e ne ya simolola go dira ka botlalo ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2013.<ref>Perez, Sarah (March 30, 2012). [https://techcrunch.com/2012/03/30/wikipedias-next-big-thing-wikidata-a-machine-readable-user-editable-database-funded-by-google-paul-allen-and-others/ "Wikipedia's Next Big Thing: Wikidata, A Machine-Readable, User-Editable Database Funded By Google, Paul Allen And Others]". TechCrunch. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120817042610/http://techcrunch.com/2012/03/30/wikipedias-next-big-thing-wikidata-a-machine-readable-user-editable-database-funded-by-google-paul-allen-and-others/ Archived] from the original on August 17, 2012.</ref><ref name=":13">Pintscher, Lydia (February 13, 2013). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130219054033/http://blog.wikimedia.de/2013/02/13/wikidata-live-on-the-english-wikipedia/ "Wikidata live on the English Wikipedia]". Wikimedia Deutschland. Archived from [[the original]] on February 19, 2013. Retrieved February 15, 2013.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Justin Anthony Knapp (cropped).jpg|thumb|Justin Knapp]] Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2012, [[:en:Justin_Knapp|Justin Knapp]] o ne a nna mokwadi wa ntlha a le mongwe go dira diphetogo tse di fetang sedikadike se le sengwe mo Wikipedia.<ref>Titcomb, James (April 20, 2012). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/wikipedia/9215151/First-man-to-make-1-million-Wikipedia-edits.html "First man to make 1 million Wikipedia edits".] The Daily Telegraph. [https://web.archive.org/web/20151119233646/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/wikipedia/9215151/First-man-to-make-1-million-Wikipedia-edits.html Archived] from the original on November 19, 2015. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>Skelton, Alissa (April 24, 2012). [https://mashable.com/archive/wikipedia-volunteer-editor "Wikipedia Volunteer Editor Reaches 1 Million Edits"]. Mashable. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055529/https://mashable.com/archive/wikipedia-volunteer-editor Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Jimmy Wales o ne a akgola Knapp ka tiro ya gagwe mme a mo fa sekgele sa lefelo la tshedimosetso e le sa ''Barnstar'' ''e e'' ''Kgethegileng s'' le kabelo ya ''Golden Wiki'' ka ntlha ya phitlhelelo ya gagwe.<ref>"[https://www.engadget.com/2012/04/20/one-million-wikipedia-edits/ Hardest working man on the internet passes one million Wikipedia edits".] Engadget. April 20, 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120820003926/http://www.engadget.com/2012/04/20/one-million-wikipedia-edits Archived] from the original on August 20, 2012. Retrieved September 3, 2012.</ref> Wales gape e ne ya bolela gore kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi e tla nna "Letsatsi la ga Justin Knapp".<ref>Skelton, Alissa (April 23, 2012). [http://mashable.com/2012/04/23/wikipedia-volunteer-editor/ "Wikipedia Volunteer Editor Reaches 1 Million Edits"]. Mashable. [https://web.archive.org/web/20151119235227/http://mashable.com/2012/04/23/wikipedia-volunteer-editor/ Archived] from the original on November 19, 2015. Retrieved October 24, 2012.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2012, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona dipego tsa yone tsa didikadike di le nne, [[:en:Ezbet_El_Borg|Izbat al-Burj]].<ref>[http://blog.wikimedia.org.uk/2012/07/english-language-wikipedia-hits-4-million-articles/ "English language Wikipedia hits 4 million articles]!". [[:en:Wikimedia_UK|Wikimedia UK]] Blog. Wikimedia UK. July 13, 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121222030833/http://blog.wikimedia.org.uk/2012/07/english-language-wikipedia-hits-4-million-articles/ Archived] from the original on December 22, 2012. Retrieved July 13, 2012.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2012, raditso le morulaganyi wa Wikipedia [[:en:Richard_J._Jensen|Richard J. Jensen]] o ne a ntsha mogopolo wa gore Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne e "gaufi le go wediwa", a tlhokomela gore palo ya barulaganyi ba ba dirang ka dinako tsotlhe e ne e wetse tlase thata fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 2007, le fa Wikipedia e ne e gola ka bonako mo palong ya dipego le mo babading.<ref>Rosen, Rebecca J. (October 25, 2012). [https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/10/surmounting-the-insurmountable-wikipedia-is-nearing-completion-in-a-sense/264111/ "Surmounting the Insurmountable: Wikipedia Is Nearing Completion, in a Sense]". The Atlantic. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121028064456/http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/10/surmounting-the-insurmountable-wikipedia-is-nearing-completion-in-a-sense/264111/ Archived] from the original on October 28, 2012. Retrieved October 27, 2012.</ref> Go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Inthanete ya Alexa]], Wikipedia e ne e le lefelo la tshedimosetso la borataro le le tumileng thata mo lefatsheng go tloga ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2012.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org "Amazon Alexa]". alexa.com. Archived from [https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org the original] on August 25, 2020. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> [[:en:AllThingsD|Dow Jones]] e ne ya baya Wikipedia mo maemong a botlhano lefatshe ka bophara go tloga ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2012.<ref>[http://allthingsd.com/20121220/the-fifth-biggest-site-in-the-world-operated-on-a-budget-of-27m-last-year "The Fifth-Biggest Site in the World Operated on a Budget of $27M Last Year"]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131206225138/http://allthingsd.com/20121220/the-fifth-biggest-site-in-the-world-operated-on-a-budget-of-27m-last-year/ Archived] from the original on December 6, 2013. Retrieved December 3, 2013., by Liz Gannes; AllThingsD became a subsidiary of Dow Jones & Company Inc in 2005 and was absorbed into [[:en:The_Wall_Street_Journal|WSJ.com]] during 2013.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2013 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:Italian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya SeItaly]] e ne ya nna kgatiso ya botlhano ya puo ya Wikipedia go feta dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe, fa Wikipedia ya [[:en:Russian_Wikipedia|Se-Russia]] le ya [[:en:Spanish_Wikipedia|Sespanishe]] e ne ya oketsega ka dipego tsa tsone tsa sedikadike ka malatsi a le lesome le bongwe le lesome le borataro a kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka go latelana. Ka letsatsi la lesome le botlhano la kgwedi ya Phukwi di-Wikipedia tsa [[:en:Polish_Wikipedia|Se-Sweden]] le ka Lwetse a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bone tsa [[:en:Polish_Wikipedia|Se-Poland]] di ne tsa bona dipego tsa tsone tsa didikadike, mme tsa nna dikgatiso tsa borobabobedi le tsa borobongwe tsa Wikipedia go dira jalo. Ka letsatsi la masome a mabedi le bosaupa la kgwedi ya Ferikgong, [[:en:Main_belt_asteroid|asteroid ya konokono ya lebanta]] [[:en:274301_Wikipedia|274301]] e ne ya bidiwa semmuso "Wikipedia" ke [[:en:Committee_for_Small_Body_Nomenclature#Minor_planets|Komiti ya Maina a Mmele o Mennye]].<ref>Workman, Robert (February 5, 2013). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130206105134/http://www.technewsdaily.com/16749-asteroid-named-wikipedia.html "Asteroid Re-Named 'Wikipedia'"]. [[:en:TechMediaNetwork,_Inc.|TechNewsDaily]]. Archived from [http://www.technewsdaily.com/16749-asteroid-named-wikipedia.html the original] on February 6, 2013. Retrieved February 7, 2013.</ref> Kgato ya ntlha ya polokelo ya tshedimosetso ya [[:en:Wikidata|Wikidata]], e e neng e tlamela ka dikgokagano tsa dipuo tse di farologaneng le tshedimosetso e nngwe ka go itirisa, e ne ya nna teng mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2013.<ref name=":13" /> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:Direction_centrale_du_renseignement_intérieur|tirelo ya sephiri ya Fora]] e ne ya bonwa molato ka go leka go tlhotlhomisa Wikipedia ka go tshosetsa moithaopi wa Wikipedia ka go tshwarwa ntle le fa "tshedimosetso ya sephiri" ka ga [[:en:Pierre-sur-Haute_military_radio_station|seteišene sa radio sa sesole]] e ka phimolwa.<ref>Willsher, Kim (April 7, 2013). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/apr/07/french-secret-service-wikipedia-page "French secret service accused of censorship over Wikipedia page"]. The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20130930145033/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/apr/07/french-secret-service-wikipedia-page Archived] from the original on September 30, 2013. Retrieved April 9, 2013.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Wikimania 2013 - VisualEditor - The present and future of editing our wikis.webm|thumb|Pontsho ka ga [[:en:VisualEditor|Motseleganyi wa Ditshwantsho]] wa Wikipedia]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi, go ne ga simololwa thulaganyo ya go fetola ya [[:en:VisualEditor|VisualEditor]], e e neng ya bopa kgato ya ntlha ya maiteko a go letla gore dipego di fetotswe ka segokaganyi se se tshwanang le sa [[:en:Word_processor|setlhagisa mafoko]] go na le go dirisa [[:en:Wiki_markup|tshwao ya wiki]].<ref name=":18">Arthur, Charles (July 2, 2013). [https://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2013/jul/02/rabbit-contact-lens "Boot up: wireless contact lens, Wikipedia's visual editing, Samsung's share slide and more"]. The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131104201314/http://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2013/jul/02/rabbit-contact-lens Archived] from the original on November 4, 2013. Retrieved July 2, 2013.</ref> Go ne ga simololwa gape le morulaganyi yo o diretsweng [[:en:Smartphone|megala ya letheka ya segompieno]] le didirisiwa tse dingwe tsa megala ya mosokela tsebeng.<ref name=":19">Gonera, Juliusz (July 25, 2013). "[[diffblog:2013/07/25/edit-wikipedia-on-the-go/|Edit Wikipedia on the go]]". Diff. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230325104612/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2013/07/25/edit-wikipedia-on-the-go/ Archived] from the original on March 25, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2014 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikipedia Edit 2014.webm|left|thumb|Tshekatsheko ya sesupa ditshwantso sa diteng tsa Wikipedia ka ngwaga wa 2014, e rotloetsa babogedi go tseleganya Wikipedia]] Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2014, lenaneo la go dira kgatiso e e gatisitsweng ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane, e e nang le bogolo bo le sekete le ditsebe di feta didikadike di le dingwe le dikete di le lekgolo, e ne ya simololwa ke batsayakarolo ba Wikipedia ya Sejeremane.<ref name=":10" /> Lenaneo le ne le batla matlole ka [[:en:Indiegogo|Indiegogo]], mme e ne e ikaeletse go tlotla meneelo ya barulaganyi ba Wikipedia.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/feb/20/wikipedia-1000-volume-print-edition-crowdfunding "Wikipedia 1,000-volume print edition planned"]. The Guardian. February 20, 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140311014332/http://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/feb/20/wikipedia-1000-volume-print-edition-crowdfunding Archived] from the original on March 11, 2014. Retrieved April 12, 2014.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2014, sefikantswe sa ntlha sa Wikipedia se ne sa bulwa kwa toropong ya Poland ya Slubice.<ref>Day, Matthew (October 10, 2014). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/poland/11153603/Polish-town-to-build-statue-honouring-Wikipedia.html "Polish town to build statue honouring Wikipedia"]. The Daily Telegraph. [https://web.archive.org/web/20141011191441/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/poland/11153603/Polish-town-to-build-statue-honouring-Wikipedia.html Archived] from the original on October 11, 2014. Retrieved October 11, 2014.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola letsatsi le le borobabobedi, lesome le botlhano ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo, le kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2014, [[:en:Waray_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Waray]], [[:en:Vietnamese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Vietnam]] le [[:en:Cebuano_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Cebuano]] nngwe le nngwe ya tsone e ne ya feta letshwao la pego e le sedikadike se le sengwe. E ne e le Wikipedia ya bolesome, ya bolesome le bongwe le ya bolesom le bobedi go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Le fa di ne di na le badirisi ba le mmalwa fela ba ba matlhagatlhaga, di-Wikipedia tsa puo ya Se-Waray le Se-Cebuano di ne di na le palo e e kwa godimo ya dipego tse di tlhamilweng ka go itirisa tse di tlhamilweng ke di roboto. ==== Ngwaga wa 2015 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikipedia 5 million articles milestone video November 2015.ogv|thumb|Ditshwantsho tse di tshikinyegang tse di tshwayang phitlhelelo ya Wikipedia ya Setswana ya dipego di le didikadike di le tlhano ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e le letsatsi ka ngwaga wa 2015]] Mo bogareng jwa ngwaga wa 2015, Wikipedia e ne e le lefelo la tshedimosetso ya bosupa e e tumileng thata mo lefatsheng go ya [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Maranyane a Alexa]] ,<ref name=":14">[http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org# "Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20171009035134/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on October 9, 2017. Retrieved October 9, 2017.</ref> e ne e le kwa tlase ka lefelo le le lengwe go tswa mo maemong a e neng e le mo go one ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2012. Kwa tshimologong ya ngwaga wa 2015, Wikipedia e ne ya nna ensaetlopedia e kgolo go gaisa tsotlhe ya kitsokakaretso mo inthaneteng, ka palogotlhe e e kopantsweng ya dipego tse di fetang didikadike di le masome a mararo le borataro tsa lefelo le legolo mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a borobabongwe le bongwe.<ref name=":12" /> Ka palogare, Wikipedia e amogela palogotlhe ya dipono tsa ditsebe tsa lefatshe lotlhe di le dibilione di le lesome go tswa mo baeting ba ba kgethegileng ba ka nna didikadike di le makgolo a mane le masome a borobabongwe le botlhano kgwedi le kgwedi,<ref name=":10" /><ref>[[stats:wikimedia/squids/SquidReportPageViewsPerCountryOverview.htm|"Wikimedia Statistics"]]. April 20, 2011. [https://web.archive.org/web/20111020212633/http://stats.wikimedia.org/wikimedia/squids/SquidReportPageViewsPerCountryOverview.htm Archived] from the original on October 20, 2011. Retrieved October 14, 2011.</ref> go akaretsa le baeng ba le didikadike di le masome a borobabobedi le botlhano go tswa kwa lefatsheng la United States fela,<ref name=":11" /> kwa e leng lefelo la borataro le le ratiwang thata.<ref name=":14" /> [[Setshwantsho:Print Wikipedia (no subtitles).webm|thumb|Motaki [[:en:Michael_Mandiberg|Michael Mandiberg]] o bua ka [[:en:Print_Wikipedia|Wikipedia e e Gatisitsweng]].]] [[:en:Print_Wikipedia|Gatisa Wikipedia]] e ne e le lenaneo la botaki le le dirilweng ke [[:en:Michael_Mandiberg|Michael Mandiberg]] le le neng la dira gore go nne le bokgoni jwa go gatisa bogolo jwa volume di le dikete tse supa ,makgolo a mane le masome a supa le boraro tsa Wikipedia jaaka e ne e le teng ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a supa ka ngwaga wa 2015. Bogolo jwa volume nngwe le nngwe e na le ditsebe di le makgolo a le supa mme ke di le lekgolo le lesome fela tse di gatisitsweng ke motaki.<ref>Schuessler, Jennifer (June 16, 2015). [https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/17/books/moving-wikipedia-from-computer-to-many-many-bookshelves.html "Moving Wikipedia From Computer to Many, Many Bookshelves"]. [[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20161202120645/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/17/books/moving-wikipedia-from-computer-to-many-many-bookshelves.html Archived] from the original on December 2, 2016. Retrieved December 24, 2016.</ref> Ka letsatsi le le lengwe la kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2015, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e fitlheletse dipego di le didikadike tse tlhano ka go tlhamiwa ga pego ka ga [[:en:Persoonia_terminalis|''Persoonia terminalis'']], mofuta wa setlhatshana. Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boraro, Wikipedia e ne ya amogela [[:en:Princess_of_Asturias_Awards|''Sekgele sa Kgosigatsana ya Asturias sa Tirisanommogo ya Boditšhabatšhaba.'']]<ref>"[https://elpais.com/tecnologia/2015/06/17/actualidad/1434535111_709353.html Wikipedia, Premio Princesa de Asturias de Cooperación]". El País (in Spanish). June 17, 2015. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1134-6582 1134-6582]. Retrieved February 4, 2026.</ref><ref>Poyo, Ana (October 22, 2015). [https://www.vogue.es/moda/news/articulos/agenda-premios-princesa-asturias-2015-ceremonia-entrega-reyes-felipe-letizia-mejores-looks-leonor-de-borbon/23909 "Los Premios Princesa de Asturias 2015 (al detalle)"]. ''Vogue España'' (in European Spanish). Retrieved February 4, 2026.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2016 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le le lesome le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2016, [[:en:Japanese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejapane]] e ne ya feta letshwao la dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe, mme ya nna Wikipedia ya bolesometharo go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Setlhogo sa sedidikadike se ne se le sa Wave 224, e leng sekepe sa ka fa tlase ga metsi sa [[:en:World_War_II|Ntwa ya Lefatshe ya bobedi]] sa Sesole sa Lewatle sa Bogosi jwa Japane. Mo bogareng jwa ngwaga wa 2016, Wikipedia e ne ya nna gape lefelo la tshedimosetso la borataro le le tumileng thata mo lefatsheng go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]],<ref>"[http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org# Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160706214359/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on July 6, 2016. Retrieved July 7, 2016.</ref> e tlhatlogile ka lefelo le le lengwe go tswa mo maemong a e neng e le mo go one mo ngwageng o o fetileng. ==== Ngwaga wa 2017 ==== Mo bogareng jwa ngwaga wa 2017, Wikipedia e ne ya kwalwa jaaka lefelo la tshedimosetso ya botlhano e e ratiwang thata mo lefatsheng go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]],<ref>"[http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org# Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170704011642/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on July 4, 2017. Retrieved July 4, 2017.</ref> e tlhatlogile lefelo le le lengwe go tswa mo maemong a e neng e le mo go one mo ngwageng o o fetileng. Wikipedia Zero e dirilwe gore e nne teng kwa Iraq le kwa Afganistan. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabongwe 2017, [[:en:Block_of_Wikipedia_in_Turkey|go fitlhelela Wikipedia mo maranayaneng go ne ga thibelwa mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo kwa Turkey]] ke balaodi ba Turkey. Go thibelwa mo go ne ga tswelela go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano,ka ngwaga wa 2020, ka gonne [[:en:Judicial_system_of_Turkey|kgotlatshekelo ya Turkey]] e ne ya atlhola gore thibelo e e tlola ditshwanelo tsa batho. [[:en:Japanese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejapane]] e e tsenngwang mokgwa wa tshireletso kwa China fa e sale ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole a tlhola malatsia le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2017.<ref>[https://en.greatfire.org/https/ja.wikipedia.org "ja.wikipedia.org]". ''[[:en:GreatFire|GreatFire]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180120065845/https://en.greatfire.org/https/ja.wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on January 20, 2018. Retrieved April 7, 2018.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2018 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2018, palo ya dipego tsa [[:en:Chinese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Setšhaena]] e ne ya feta sedikadike se le sengwe mme ya nna Wikipedia ya bolesome le bone go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Wikipedia ya Setšhaena e thibetswe kwa [[:en:Mainland_China|Nagengkgolo ya China]] fa e sale ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 2015.<ref>[https://www.theverge.com/2015/9/4/9260981/jimmy-wales-wikipedia-china "Wikipedia founder defends decision to encrypt the site in China".] September 4, 2015. Archived from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved April 17, 2018.</ref> Moragonyana mo ngwageng, ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borataro , [[:en:Portuguese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sepotokisi]] e ne ya feta letshwao la dipego di le sedikadike ose le sengwe, ya nna Wikipedia ya bolesome le botlhano go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Setlhogo sa sedikadike e ne e le [[:pt:Perdão de Richard Nixon|Perdão de Richard Nixon]] ([[:en:Pardon_of_Richard_Nixon|Tshwarelo ya ga Richard Nixon)]]. Ka ngwaga wa2018, Wikipedia e ne ya boloka lenaane la yone jaaka lefelo la tshedimosetso ya botlhano e e ratiwang thata mo lefatsheng go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Inthanete ya Alexa]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org "Wikipedia.org Traffic, Demographics and Competitors – Alexa"]. alexa.com. Archived from the original on August 25, 2020. Retrieved October 28, 2018.</ref> Ntlha nngwe e e tlhomologileng e ne e le tiriso ya [[:en:Artificial_Intelligence|Botlhale jwa Maitirelo]] go tlhama dipego tse di kwadilweng ka ditlhogo tse di neng di tlhokomologilwe.<ref>"[https://www.theverge.com/2018/8/8/17663544/ai-scientists-wikipedia-primer AI spots 40,000 prominent scientists overlooked by Wikipedia]". The Verge. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180809023533/https://www.theverge.com/2018/8/8/17663544/ai-scientists-wikipedia-primer Archived] from the original on August 9, 2018. Retrieved October 28, 2018.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2019 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola masome a mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2019, balaodi ba China ba ne ba atolosa Wikipedia go nna mefuta ya dipuo tsotlhe.<ref>Gandolfo, Ryan. "[http://www.thatsmags.com/beijing/post/27660/wikipedia-currently-down-in-china Wikipedia Currently Down in China"]. That's Beijing. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190424081614/http://www.thatsmags.com/beijing/post/27660/wikipedia-currently-down-in-china Archived] from the original on April 24, 2019. Retrieved April 24, 2019.</ref><ref>Sukhbir Singh; Arturo Filastò; Maria Xynou (May 4, 2019). [https://ooni.io/post/2019-china-wikipedia-blocking/ "China is now blocking all language editions of Wikipedia"]. Open Observatory of Network Interference. Retrieved May 7, 2019. The following chart, based on OONI data, illustrates that multiple language editions of Wikipedia have been blocked in China as of April 2019.{...}OONI measurements show that many of these Wikipedia domains were previously accessible, but all measurements collected from 25 April 2019 onwards present the same DNS anomalies for all Wikipedia sub-domains.{...}Based on these tests, we were able to conclude that China Telecom does in fact block all language editions of Wikipedia by means of both DNS injection and SNI filtering.</ref> Nako ya go thibela e ne ya tsamaisana le [[:en:30th_anniversary_of_the_1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests|ngwaga wa masome a mararo a segopotso]] wa [[:en:1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre|ditshupetso le polao ya batho ba le bantsi kwa Tiananmen Square ka ngwaga wa 1989]] le ngwaga wa bo lekgolo wa [[:en:May_Fourth_Movement|Mokgatlho wa Motsheganong wa Bone]], mme seo sa felela ka gore [[:en:Internet_censorship_in_China|inthanete e tlhotlhomisiwe thata kwa China.]]<ref>[https://www.news18.com/news/world/ahead-of-tiananmen-anniversary-chinese-government-blocks-wikipedia-2142621.html "Ahead of Tiananmen Anniversary, Chinese Government Blocks Wikipedia"]. News18. May 15, 2019. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190602223335/https://www.news18.com/news/world/ahead-of-tiananmen-anniversary-chinese-government-blocks-wikipedia-2142621.html Archived] from the original on June 2, 2019. Retrieved June 2, 2019.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2019, go ya ka Alexa.com, Wikipedia e ne ya wela tlase go tswa mo maemong a botlhano go ya kwa maemong a bosupa mo lefelong la tshedimosetso mo lefatsheng ka ntlha ya go dirisa inthanete mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org wikipedia.org Competitive Analysis, Marketing Mix and Traffic – Alexa"]. alexa.com. Archived from [https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org the original] on August 25, 2020. Retrieved February 10, 2018.</ref> Ka one ngwaga oo, kopololo ya Wikipedia e ne ya romelwa kwa Ngweding, e le karolo ya [[:en:Arch_Mission_Foundation|lefelo la go bala la Arch Lunar]]. Ka ntlha ya go palelwa, sefofane se se dirisang mollo go fofa se ne sa thula mo godimo ga Ngwedi, mme, ka ntlha ya tiriso ya di polokelo tse di kgethegileng, tse di kgonang go emelana le nickel, go dumelwa gore kopololo e ne ya falola go thula.<ref>Taylor, Chris (April 17, 2019). [https://mashable.com/article/moon-library-beresheet-crash-wikipedia "There may be a copy of Wikipedia somewhere on the moon. Here's how to help find it"]. Mashable. Retrieved March 30, 2026.</ref> === Ngwagasome wa boraro: 2020–gompieno === Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa 2020, setlhogo sa didikadike di le thataro, e leng lokwalo la botshelo lwa ga [[:en:Maria_Elise_Turner_Lauder|Maria Elise Turner Lauder,]] se ne sa tsenngwa mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane. Le fa go ne go na le kgolo e ya dipego, go dirisana ga Wikipedia mo inthaneteng ya lefatshe lotlhe, jaaka go lekanngwa ke Alexa, go ne ga tswelela go fokotsega. Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2020, Wikipedia e ne ya wela mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ya bolesome le bongwe mo lefatsheng ka ntlha ya go dirisa inthanete mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref name=":15">[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org "wikipedia.org Competitive Analysis, Marketing Mix and Traffic – Alexa"]. alexa.com. Archived from [https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org the original] on August 25, 2020. Retrieved February 10, 2018.</ref> Bobedi jwa go bega ga Wikipedia ga mathata a [[:en:COVID-19_pandemic|bolwetsi jo bo neng jwa amana lefatshe lotlhe la COVID-19]] le diphetogo tse di tshegetsang, dipuisano, le e leng go phimolwa go ne go akanngwa gore ke motswedi o o mosola go bo ra ditso ba isago ba ba batlang go tlhaloganya paka eo ka botlalo.<ref>Harrison, Stephen (May 27, 2020). [https://slate.com/technology/2020/05/wikipedia-coronavirus-information-future-historians.html "Future Historians Will Need Access to Coronavirus Misinformation]". Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200527165139/https://slate.com/technology/2020/05/wikipedia-coronavirus-information-future-historians.html Archived] from the original on May 27, 2020. Retrieved June 9, 2020.</ref> [[:en:World_Health_Organization|Mokgatlho wa Lefatshe wa Boitekanelo]] o dirisane mmogo le Wikipedia jaaka motswedi wa konokono wa go anamisa tshedimosetso e e amanang le COVID-19 jaaka go thusa go lwantshana go anama ga tshedimosetso e e fosegileng.<ref>Matt, Chase (January 9, 2021). [https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higherhttps://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher "Wikipedia is 20, and its reputation has never been highe]r". [[:en:The_Economist|The Economist]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221231224550/https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher Archived] from the original on December 31, 2022. Retrieved January 9, 2021.</ref><ref>McNeil, Donald G. (October 22, 2020). [https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/22/health/wikipedia-who-coronavirus-health.html "Wikipedia and W.H.O. Join to Combat Covid-19 Misinformation"]. [[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20201227064918/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/22/health/wikipedia-who-coronavirus-health.html Archived] from the original on December 27, 2020. Retrieved October 25, 2020.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2021 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2021, [[:en:Wikipedia:20th_anniversary|ngwaga wa masome a mabedi wa segopotso sa Wikipedia]] o ne wa lemogiwa mo metsweding ya dikgang.<ref>Kelly, Heather (January 15, 2021). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/01/15/wikipedia-20-year-anniversary/ "Technology: On its 20th birthday, Wikipedia might be the safest place online]". [[:en:The_Washington_Post|The Washington Post]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210905012756/https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/01/15/wikipedia-20-year-anniversary/ Archived] from the original on September 5, 2021. Retrieved January 16, 2021. The world's largest online encyclopedia has learned lessons from fighting misinformation for two decades</ref><ref>Kent, German (January 15, 2021). "[https://www.cnet.com/news/in-a-post-truth-world-we-need-wikipedia-more-than-ever/ In a post-truth world, we need Wikipedia more than ever]". [[:en:CNET|CNET]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220221144855/https://www.cnet.com/news/in-a-post-truth-world-we-need-wikipedia-more-than-ever/ Archived] from the original on February 21, 2022. Retrieved January 16, 2021. Commentary: Wikipedia celebrated its 20th anniversary today. The free encyclopedia may not be exciting, but its neutral, volunteer-driven content is incredibly valuable.</ref><ref>"[https://www.dw.com/en/world-in-progress-20-years-of-wikipedia/av-56212410 World in Progress: 20 years of Wikipedia]" (Audio). [[:en:Deutsche_Welle|Deutsche Welle]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221005082902/https://www.dw.com/en/world-in-progress-20-years-of-wikipedia/av-56212410 Archived] from the original on October 5, 2022. Retrieved January 17, 2021. The year marks the 20th anniversary of Wikipedia. Every month, more than 1.7 billion people visit the open-source website in search of information about, well, just about anything! We speak with Dr. Bernie Hogan from the [[:en:Oxford_Internet_Institute|Oxford Internet Institute]] about Wikipedia's successes, where it fits into the discrimination crisis, and the website's future.</ref><ref>[[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Wales, Jimmy]] (January 14, 2021). [https://news.yahoo.com/wikipedia-turns-20-aims-reach-035212015.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly9zZWFyY2gueWFob28uY29tLw&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAHKHaTI72xUEUz_BdVPt8DFvi-uLdmApcbSckrJrAbM_GpTwHsHtNHRdxX-KYAS6xk81e_p_w46bfh10PJVV7cmUzE-pWR5gsID2T8Kd1k0u-2r78p4Y4V16CKTPFcWRJzV0LwQMJyuEeeR7Vv-_lfVBiCT30KvF47aGzyE3QP-a "As Wikipedia turns 20 it aims to reach more readers"]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220923105157/https://news.yahoo.com/wikipedia-turns-20-aims-reach-035212015.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly9zZWFyY2gueWFob28uY29tLw&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAHKHaTI72xUEUz_BdVPt8DFvi-uLdmApcbSckrJrAbM_GpTwHsHtNHRdxX-KYAS6xk81e_p_w46bfh10PJVV7cmUzE-pWR5gsID2T8Kd1k0u-2r78p4Y4V16CKTPFcWRJzV0LwQMJyuEeeR7Vv-_lfVBiCT30KvF47aGzyE3QP-a Archived] from the original on September 23, 2022. Retrieved January 17, 2021 – via [[:en:Yahoo!|Yahoo]]!. Wikipedia is the web's seventh-most visited site</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malalatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2021, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya fitlhelela diphetogo di le dibilione di le nngwe, koo tseleganyo ya bobilione e neng ya dirwa ke [[:en:Steven_Pruitt|Steven Pruitt]]<ref>"[https://www.vice.com/en/article/the-english-language-wikipedia-just-had-its-billionth-edit/ The English Language Wikipedia Just Had Its Billionth Edit"]. [[:en:Vice_(magazine)|Vice]]. January 15, 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210115145145/https://www.vice.com/en/article/k7appn/the-english-language-wikipedia-just-had-its-billionth-edit Archived] from the original on January 15, 2021. Retrieved February 26, 2021.</ref> [[:en:MIT_Press|MIT Press]] e gatisitse buka e e [[:en:Open_access|bulegileng ya ditlhamo]] [[:en:Wikipedia_@_20|''Wikipedia @ 20'']]: ''Dikgang tsa Phetogo e e sa Fediwang'', e e rulagantsweng ke [[:en:Joseph_M._Reagle_Jr.|Joseph Reagle]] le Jackie Koerner ka ditshwaelo go tswa go ba-Wikipedia ba ba tlhageletseng, ba-Wikimedia, babatlisisi, babegadikgang, ba lefelo la dibuka le baitseanape ba bangwe ba ba akanyang ka ditiragalo tse di rileng le<ref>Reagle, Joseph; Koerner, Jackie, eds. (2020). [https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/wikipedia-20 Wikipedia @ 20: Stories of an Incomplete Revolution]. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0262538176|978-0262538176.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20220716055539/https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/wikipedia-20 Archived] from the original on July 16, 2022. Retrieved November 12, 2021.</ref>. Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2021, Wikipedia e ne e wetse mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ya bolesometharo mo lefatsheng ka ntlha ya go dirisa inthanete mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref name=":15" /> ==== Ngwaga wa 2022 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2022, Modiri wa Wikipedia Richard Knipel o ne a tlhama setlhogo sa [[:en:Artwork_title|setlhogo sa Botaki]], se poeletso ya sone ya ntlha e neng e le mokwalo yo o santseng o tla baakangwa e e tlhagisitsweng ke [[:en:ChatGPT|ChatGPT]] e Knipel a neng a e dirile diphetogo tse dinnye go tsamaisana thata le maemo a Wikipedia. Knipel o boletse mo [[:en:Talk_page|tsebeng ya puisano]] gore o dumela gore ke lekgetlo la ntlha mongwe a dirisa ChatGPT go tlhama pego ya Wikipedia. Go romelwa ga pego e go ne ga kgalwa ke barulaganyi ba bangwe mme ga tsosa kganetsano mo setšhabeng sa Wikipedia, mme se sa dira gore go nne le kganetsano e e tseneletseng ka gore a ChatGPT le dikai tse di tshwanang le yone di tshwanetse go dirisiwa mo go kwaleng diteng tsa Wikipedia le gore, fa go le jalo, di tshwanetse go dirisiwa go le kana kang.<ref>Harrison, Stephen (January 12, 2023). [https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/chatgpt-wikipedia-articles.html "Should ChatGPT Be Used to Write Wikipedia Articles?]". Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230128200141/https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/chatgpt-wikipedia-articles.html Archived] from the original on January 28, 2023. Retrieved January 30, 2023.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2023 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2023, segokaganyi sa sesupa ditlhaka sa tafole sa Wikipedia se ne sa fetolwa lekgetho la ntlha fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 2010, go nna sebopedgo se sesha se se bitswang [[:en:Vector_2022|Vector 2022]].<ref>"[[foundationsite:news/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-a-fresh-new-look-first-desktop-update-in-a-decade-puts-usability-at-the-forefront/|Wikipedia Gets a Fresh New Look: First Desktop Update in a Decade Puts Usability at the Forefront]]". Wikimedia Foundation. January 18, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230119234339/https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-a-fresh-new-look-first-desktop-update-in-a-decade-puts-usability-at-the-forefront/ Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> Segokakanyi sa modirisi se segolo se sesha se ne sa nyatswa thata ke badirisi. Dikganetso tse dintsi di ne di tlhomile mogopolo mo thulaganyong ya bophara jo bo tlhomameng, e e neng ya dira gore go nne le sebaka se sesweu se se feteletseng mo dintlheng tsa dimonithara tse di bulegileng, mme se sa dira gore go nne le motlotlo wa mafoko a le dikete tse borobabongwe wa gore a letlalo le lesha le tshwanetse go nna le le tlwaelesegileng. [[:en:Swahili_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seswahili]] e ne ya tlhopa ka bongwefela jwa pelo go gana letlalo le lesha mme "ka bokhutshwane" ya batla gore go boelwe kwa letlalong la bogologolo. Go tshwaiwa phoso go gongwe go ne ga lebisiwa kwa Mokgatlhong wa Wikimedia ka go thapa setlhopha sa batlhami se se nang le maitemogelo a a lekanyeditsweng mo diwiki. Brandon Harris, yo e neng e le motlhami yo mogolo kwa Wikipedia go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2010 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2014, o ne a re: "Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia gantsi o thapa batlhami ba ba sa tlwaelanang le baagi, mme ba tsena abo ba leka go dira diphetogo tseo tsotlhe—ba taboga ka tlhogo pele go nna shaga ya modumo —mme baagi ba gana ka tsela e e utlwalang]".<ref name=":20">Rauwerda, Annie (January 18, 2023). [https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/wikipedia-redesign-vector-2022-skin.html "Wikipedia's Redesign Is Barely Noticeable. That's the Point"]. Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120005241/https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/wikipedia-redesign-vector-2022-skin.html Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Wikimedia Sound Logo Finalist VQ97.wav|thumb|Letshwao la modumo la Wikimedia (go akaretsa le Wikipedia)<ref name=":16">[[foundationsite:news/2023/03/28/wikipedias-new-sound-logo-winner/|"Wikipedia's new sound logo: Winner of The Sound of All Human Knowledge contest announced".]] Wikimedia Foundation. March 28, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230406101352/https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/03/28/wikipedias-new-sound-logo-winner/ Archived] from the original on April 6, 2023. Retrieved May 2, 2023.</ref>]] Morago ga therisano le kgaisano, letshwao [[:en:Sound_logo|la ntlha la modumo]] la Wikimedia (go akaretsa le Wikipedia) le ne la amogelwa.<ref name=":16" /> ==== Ngwaga wa 2024 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a lelesome le boraro, ka ngwaga wa 2024, kopololo ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane, e e bolokilweng mo [[:en:5D_optical_data_storage|polokelong ya tshedimosetso ya 5D optical]], e ne ya tsenngwa mo lefelong la patlisiso le le ka fa tlase ga lefatshe kwa Switzerland, le le nang le kgonagalo ya go bolokwa dingwaga di ka nna dibilione di le lesome le bone, ka ntlha ya maranyane ya polokelo e e dirisitsweng. Kopololo e ka balega ka go dirisa [[:en:Microscope|sedirisiwa sa go godisa dilo tse dinnye gore di bonale sentle]], kwantle ga go tlhoka go dirisa [[:en:Digital_electronics|thekenoloji ya maranyane a segompieno]] .<ref>"[https://www.archmission.org/gkv Global Knowledge Vault]". Arch Mission Foundation - Preserving humanity forever, in space and on Earth. Retrieved May 26, 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2024, kopololo ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya goroga ka katlego mo Ngweding, jaaka karolo ya lenaneo la Galactic Legacy Archive. Thomo e ne ya dirwa ke [[:en:Intuitive_Machines|Metšhini ya Intuitive]], fa sefofane se se dirisang mollo sone se ne sa itsisiwe semmuso ke [[:en:SpaceX|SpaceX]]. Tshedimosetso e e ne e bolokilwe jaaka e e dirisang dikarolo di le lesome le borataro tsa nickel, mme go akanyediwa gore e ka nna mo godimo ga Ngwedi dingwaga di ka nna dibilione di le tlhano. <ref>"[https://www.archmission.org/galactic-legacy-archive Galactic Legacy Archive]". Arch Mission Foundation - Preserving humanity forever, in space and on Earth. Retrieved May 26, 2026.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2025 ==== ==== Ngwaga wa 2026 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Work-in-progress animation of the Wikipedia 25 birthday mascot scrolling on a phone.gif|thumb|Setshwantsho sa Baby Globe e tsamayatsamaya mo mogaleng wa letheka]] Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano, Wikipedia e ne ya keteka ngwaga wa yone wa masome a mabedi le botlhano.<ref>[https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00074-1 "Wikipedia is needed now more than ever, 25 years on"]. Nature. 649 (8099): 1079–1080. January 28, 2026. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00074-1|10.1038/d41586-026-00074-1]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1476-4687 1476-4687.]</ref> Go ne ga tlhamiwa motseletsele wa ditokomane le "lebokoso la go boloka dilo tsa nako" jaaka karolo ya meletlo.<ref>Roth, Emma (January 15, 2026). [https://www.theverge.com/news/861935/wikipedia-25th-anniversary-2026 "Wikipedia turns 25 and shares a glimpse into the lives of its volunteer editors]". The Verge. Retrieved February 25, 2026.</ref> Go ne ga gololwa setshwantsho se se tlhamilweng ke modirisi BaduFerreira se se bidiwang [[:en:Baby_Globe|Baby Globe]]. E ne ya tlhagelela fa mokgwa wa letsatsi la matsalo o ne o kgontshitswe mo Wikipedia. Go ne ga tlhamiwa [[:en:Plush|seaparo]] sa Baby Globe se se ka [[:en:Collectable|kokoanngwang]] ka tirisanommogo le Makeship.<ref>Fear, Natalie (January 15, 2026). [https://www.creativebloq.com/design/wikipedia-unveils-adorable-mascot-for-25th-anniversary "Wikipedia's new mascot is too cute for words"]. Creative Bloq. Retrieved February 25, 2026.</ref> Baby Globe e ne ya tlosiwa mo lefelong la Wikipedia ka kgwedi ya Moranang a le malatsi a le supa.<ref>"[[foundationsite:wikipedia25/wikipedia-mascot/|Meet Baby Globe, Wikipedia's 25th birthday mascot]]". Wikimedia Foundation. Retrieved April 14, 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bosupa, Wikipedia e ne ya thibela tiriso ya diteng tse di tlhamilweng ke [[:en:Large_language_model|di-LLM]] mo dipegong tsa yone, kwa ntle ga dithanolo le diphetogo tse dinnye tsa di kopololo.<ref>Milman, Oliver (March 27, 2026). [https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2026/mar/27/wikipedia-bans-ai "Wikipedia bans AI-generated content in its online encyclopedia"]. The Guardian. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077 0261-3077]. Retrieved March 31, 2026.</ref><ref>"[https://www.newsweek.com/wikipedia-bans-ai-content-after-debate-11746790 Wikipedia bans one type of content after 'heated debate']". Newsweek. March 27, 2026. Retrieved March 31, 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong a tlhola malatsia le lesome le bongwe, Wikipedia e ne ya golola Kgwetlho ya go Bala ya Ngwaga wa bo masome a mabedi le botlhano ya tiriso ya iOS go tloga ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bongwe go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borobabobedi mme Baby Globe e ne ya tlhagisiwa gape.<ref>"[[mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Team/25th_Birthday_Reading_Challenge|Wikimedia Apps/Team/25th Birthday Reading Challenge"]]. MediaWiki. May 11, 2026. Retrieved June 14, 2026.</ref> == Ditso go ya ka maphata a thuto == === Didirisiwa tsa sesupaditlhaka le mananeo a sesupaditlhaka === Pego ya konokono: [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]] ''Mananeo a sesupaditlhaka a a tsamaisang Wikipedia, le sedirisiwa sa sesupaditlhaka, mafelo a polokelo a di server le ditsamaiso tse dingwe tse Wikipedia e ikaegileng ka tsone.'' * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2001, Wikipedia e ne ya tsamaya mo [[:en:UseModWiki|UseModWiki]], e e kwadilweng ka [[:en:Perl|Perl]] ke [[:en:Clifford_Adams|Clifford Adams]]. Sesupaditlhaka se se fang disupaditlhaka tse dingwe ditirelo le tshedimosetso mo mafaratlhatlheng e ne e sa ntse e dirisa [[:en:Linux|Linux]], le fa mokwalo wa ntlha o ne o bolokilwe mo sedirisweng sa polokelo sa faele go na le mo polokelong ya tshedimosetso ya database . Ditlhogo di ne di bidiwa ka mokgwa wa [[:en:CamelCase|CamelCase]]. * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2002, "Kgato ya bobedi" ya mananeo a sesupa ditlhaka ya wiki e e fang Wikipedia maatla e ne ya tlhagisiwa, e e neng ya emisetsa [[:en:UseModWiki|UseModWiki]] ya bogologolo. E kwaletswe lenaneo leo ka tlhamalalo ke [[:en:Magnus_Manske|Magnus Manske]], e ne e akaretsa [[:en:Wiki_engine|enjene ya wiki]] ya [[:en:PHP|PHP]]. * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2002, [[:en:Rewrite_(programming)|go kwalwa sešwa mo gogolo]] ga mananeo a sesupaditlhaka e e fang Wikipedia maatla go ne ga simolola; e e bidiwang "Kgato ya boraro", e ne ya tsaya sebaka sa mofuta wa bogologolo wa "Kgato ya bobedi", mme ya nna [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]]. E kwadilwe ke [[:en:Lee_Daniel_Crocker|Lee Daniel Crocker]] go tsibogela ditlhokego tse di oketsegang tsa lenaneo le le golang. * Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2002, Derek Ramsey o ne a tlhama [[:en:Internet_bot|bot]] – thulaganyo e e itirisang e e bidiwang [[:en:Rambot|Rambot]] – go oketsa palo e ntsi ya dipego tse di buang ka ditoropo tsa lefatshe la United States; dipego tseo di ne tsa tlhagisiwa ka go itirisa go tswa mo tshedimosetsong ya [[:en:U.S._census|palobatho ya U.S.]] Ka jalo o ne a oketsa palo ya dipego tsa Wikipedia ka dikete tse masome a mararo le boraro le makgolo a borobabobedi le masome a mararo le bobedi.<ref>[[:en:Andrew_Lih|Lih, Andrew]] (2009). [https://books.google.com/books?id=AWuZAAAAQBAJ&q=%22Derek+Ramsey+%28Wikipedian%29%22 ''The Wikipedia Revolution'']. Hachette Digital, Inc. pp. 99–106. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1401395858|978-1401395858]].</ref> Se se biditswe "kgato e e tsosang kganetsano go gaisa mo ditsong tsa Wikipedia"<ref>Lih, p. 99.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2003, go ne ga okediwa ka tshegetso ya sekaelo tsa dipalo mo [[:en:TeX|TeX]]. Ditaelo tse di kwadilweng ka puo ya sesupaditlhaka di ne tsa ntshiwa ke Tomasz Węgrzanowski. * Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a a robangbongweka ngwaga wa 2003, segokaganyi sa [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] sa Wikipedia se ne sa fetolwa go dira gore di-ISBN mo dipegong di golagane le E kgethegileng:Metswedi ya Dibuka, e e tsayang diteng tsa yone go tswa mo tsebeng e e ka rulaganngwang ke modirisi ya [[:en:Wikipedia:Book_sources|Wikipedia:Metswedi ya dibuka]]. Pele ga se, dintlha tsa kgokagano ya ISBN di ne tsa tsenngwa khoutu mo lenaneong la sesupa ditshwantso mme go ne ga tshitshinngwa tse dišwa mo tsebeng ya Wikipedia:ISBN. Bona tseleganyo e e fetotseng se. * Morago ga kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 2003, melaetsa e e farologaneng ya tsamaiso e e neng e bontshiwa badirisi ba Wikipedia e ne e sa tlhole e tsentswe [[:en:Hard_coding|dikhoutu tse di thata]], mme se se ne sa dira gore [[:en:Wikipedia:Administrators|batsamaisi]] ba Wikipedia ba kgone go fetola dikarolo dingwe tsa segokaganyi sa MediaWiki, jaaka molaetsa o o neng o bontshiwa badirisi ba ba thibetsweng. * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2004, ditiro tsa disupaditlhaka se se fang disupaditlhaka tse dingwe ditirelo le tshedimosetso mo mafaratlhatlheng di ne tsa fudusiwa go tswa kwa San Diego, kwa California go ya kwa [[:en:Tampa,_Florida|Tampa, kwa Florida]].<ref>"[[mailarchive:wikitech-l/2004-February/008420.html|Server swapping soon]]". lists.wikimedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140618061009/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2004-February/008420.html Archived] from the original on June 18, 2014. Retrieved February 10, 2007.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e thola malatsi ka ngwaga wa 2004, lefelo la tshedimosetso tsotlhe tse di farologaneng di ne tsa tlhabololwa go nna mofuta o mošwa wa mananeo a sesupaditlhaka sa [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]]. * Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa 2004, go ne ga tlhagelela ditiragalo tsa ntlha tsa ditsenngwa tsa "go aroganngwa ka ditlhopha". Maano a ditlhopha, jaaka Diphetogo tsa Bosheng le Phetolo ya Tsebe E, di ne di ntse di le teng fa e sa le Wikipedia e tlhongwa. Le fa go ntse jalo, Sanger o ne a lebile maano jaaka manaane, le dipego tse di tsenngwang ka diatla, fa maiteko a go [[:en:Categorization|aroganya ka ditlhopa]] a ne a ikaegile ka ditsenngwa tsa go tlhaola ka ditlhopa ka bongwe mo pegong nngwe le nngwe ya ensaetlopedia, jaaka karolo ya go aroganya ka ditlhopha mo go golo mo go itirisang ga dipego tsa ensaetlopedia.<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Categorization|"Wikipedia:Categorization]]", Wikipedia. Retrieved 30 January 2007.</ref> * Morago ga kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le mararo ka ngwaga wa 2004, batsamaisi ba ne ba ka tseleganya mokgwa wa segokaganyi ka go fetola [[:en:Cascading_Style_Sheets|CSS]] mo pampiring ya mokgwa wa buka e le nngwe mo [[:en:MediaWiki:Monobook.css|MediaWiki:Monobook.css.]] * Gape ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 2004, ka MediaWiki 1.3, go ne ga tlhamiwa lefelo la maina la mokwalo wa go rulaganya diteng, le le letlang go [[:en:Transclusion|tsenngwa]] ga ditlhangwa tse di tlwaelesegileng . * Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 2005 ka oura ya boraro mo mosong ka Nako e e [[:en:Eastern_Time_Zone|Tlwaelesegileng ya Botlhaba]], bontsi jwa sesupaditlhaka se se fang disupaditlhaka tse dingwe ditirelo le tshedimosetso mo mafaratlhatlheng tsa Wikimedia di ne tsa fudusediwa kwa lefelong le lesha le le ka kwa ga mmila. Mananeo otlhe a Wikimedia a ne a sa dire ka nako e. * Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2013, kgato ya ntlha ya polokelo ya tshedimosetso ya [[:en:Wikidata|Wikidata]] ya interwiki e ne ya nna teng mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo tsa Wikipedia.<ref name=":13" /> * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2013, go ne ga tlhongwa segokaganyi sa go tseleganya sa VisualEditor, se se neng se letla badirisi go tseleganya Wikipedia ba dirisa morulaganyi wa mafoko wa [[:en:WYSIWYG|WYSIWYG]] (o o tshwanang le [[:en:Word_processor|modirisiwa wa go rulaganya mafoko]]) go na le [[:en:Wiki_markup|go tshwaya wiki]].<ref name=":18" /> Segokaganyi sa go fetolang se se tokafaditsweng didiriswa tsa mogala wa letheka le sone se ne sa gololwa.<ref name=":19" /> ==== '''Ponalo le mokgwa wa tiriso''' ==== ''Ponalo ya kwa ntle ya Wikipedia, tsela e e [[:en:Look_and_feel|lebegang ka yone, mokgwa o e dirang]] ka one, le letshwao la yone , tsotlhe jaaka di bonwa ke badirisi''. * Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatasi a le mane ka ngwaga wa 2002, BrilliantProse, e moragonyana e neng ya bidiwa Featured Articles (Ditlhogo tse di Tlhophilweng),<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Featured_articles|"Wikipedia:Featured articles"]]. Wikipedia. Retrieved 30 January 2007.</ref> e ne ya fudusiwa go tswa mo lefelong la pego go ya mo lefelong la Wikipedia. * Mo e ka nnangka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2003, go ne ga tsenngwa letshwao le lesha la Wikipedia.<ref>"[[m:International_logo_vote/Finalists|International logo vote/Finalists".]] Meta-Wiki. Wikimedia. [https://web.archive.org/web/20060716073834/http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/International_logo_vote/Finalists Archived] from the original on July 16, 2006. Retrieved July 8, 2006.</ref> Kgopolo ya letshwao leo e ne ya tlhophiwa ka tshegetso ya ditlhopho, mme morago ga moo ga latela tshekatsheko ya go tlhopha mofuta o o gaisang. Letshwao la bofelo le ne la tlhamiwa ke David Friedland (yo o dirisang leina la “''nohat''” mo Wikipedia), le ikaegile ka mokgwa le kgopolo tse di neng tsa tlhamiwa ke Paul Stansifer. * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2004, karolo ya “Did You Know (DYK)” e ne ya tlhagelela la ntlha mo Tsebeng e Kgolo. * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2004, ka nako ya ka oura ya bolesome le boferabongwe le metsotso e le masome a manê le borataro mo nakong ya UTC. Ponalo eo e ne ya akaretsa ditlhogo tse di tlhophilweng tsotlhe ka seatla, tse di neng di akaretsa:Setlhogo se se Tlhophilweng sa Letsatsi (Daily Featured Article),Ditiragalo tsa Segopotso (Anniversaries),Mo Dikgangnyeng (In the News),le Did You Know (DYK). * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlola malatsi a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 2005, go ne ga tlhongwa porata ya dipuo tsotlhe mo atereseng ya www.wikipedia.org, e e neng ya emisetsa go romela badirisi ka tlhamalalo kwa Wikipedia ya Seesimane. * Ka la 5 Tlhakole 2005, [[:en:Portal:Biology|tsebe e e kgobokanyang dikgokagano le tshedimosetso tsotlhe tse di amanang le setlhogo sa :Biology]] e ne ya tlhamiwa, mme ya nna tsebe ya ntlha ya setlhogo sengwe (thematic portal) mo Wikipedia ya Seesimane. Le fa go ntse jalo, kgopolo eo e ne e setse e simolotswe mo Wikipedia ya Sejeremane, kwa [[:de:Portal:Recht|tsebe e e kgobokanyang dikgokagano le tshedimosetso tsotlhe tse di amanang le setlhogo sa Recht]] :Recht (Dithuto tsa Molao) e neng ya tlhongwa ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2003.<ref>[[:de:Wikipedia:WikiProjekt Portale/2003|Portals on German Wikipedia ordered by date of creation.]]</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2005, Wikipedia ya Seesimane e ne ya simolola mokgwa wa go tlhagisa setshwantsho se se tlhophilweng sa letsatsi mo Tsebeng e Kgolo. * Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhla malatsi a le lseome le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2006, morago ga ditlhopho, Tsebe e konokono ya Wikipedia ya Seesimane e ne ya fetolwa sešwa la ntlha morago ga dingwaga di ka nna pedi. * Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2010, lefelo la tshedimosetso le ne la golola sebopego se sesha. Dikarolo tse disha di ne di akaretsa:letshwao le le ntšhafaditsweng, didirisiwa tse disha tsa go tsamaya mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ,le sedirisiwa sa go thusa go tlhama dikgokagano.<ref name=":17" /> === Diphetogo tsa thulaganyo ka ngwaga wa 2023 === ''"Vector 2022" e kaela gape fa. Go bona tshedimosetso ka go dirisa Vector 2022 mo Wikipedia, leba [[:en:Wikipedia:Vector_2022|Wikipedia:Vector 2022.]]'' [[Setshwantsho:Top of the Pluto page in the Vector skin.png|thumb]] [[Setshwantsho:Top of the Pluto page in the Vector 2022 skin.png|thumb|Pego ya Pluto mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane, e bontshiwa ka matlalo a Vector 2010 (ka fa molemeng) le Vector 2022 a kgontshitswe]] Vector 2022, e leng ntšhwafatso ya Vector 2010 ya sebopego sa pele sa Wikipedia, e ne ya itsisiwe ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa 2020, mme kwa tshimologong e ne e rulaganyeditswe go tlhagelela ka ngwaga wa 2021, pele ga e ka dirisiwa ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2023.<ref name=":21">Kurtz, Jason (September 24, 2020). [https://www.cnn.com/2020/09/24/tech/wikipedia-redesign-trnd/index.html "Wikipedia due to get its first substantial website redesign in a decade]". CNN Business. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120112945/https://www.cnn.com/2020/09/24/tech/wikipedia-redesign-trnd/index.html Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2023, Wikimedia e ne e dirile gore ntšhwafatso e nne teng [[:en:List_of_Wikipedias|mo dikgatisong tsa yone tsa puo]] di le makgolo a mararo; e ne e le tlwaelo ya diphetolelo tsa Searabia le Segerika.<ref name=":22">Fingas, Jon (January 19, 2023). [https://www.engadget.com/wikipedia-desktop-web-redesign-211000932.html "Wikipedia's first desktop design update in a decade doesn't rock the boat (updated)"]. Engadget. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230119195554/https://www.engadget.com/wikipedia-desktop-web-redesign-211000932.html Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref><ref name=":20" /><ref name=":23">[https://www.pcmag.com/news/wikipedia-desktop-site-gets-new-look-its-first-in-over-10-years "Wikipedia Desktop Site Gets New Look, Its First in Over 10 Years".] PC Magazine. January 18, 2023. [https://www.pcmag.com/news/wikipedia-desktop-site-gets-new-look-its-first-in-over-10-years Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> Vector 2022 e na le [[:en:User_interface|segokanyimmediamentsi sa sebolokigolo]] sa modirisi se se tlhabolotsweng se se dirang diphetogo tse dintsi mo thulaganyong ya dintlha tsa segokaganyi. Gareng ga tsone, lenaneo la go tlhopha puo, le pele le neng le le kafa molemeng wa sefatlhego sa sesupaditshwantsho, jaanong o fitlhelwa mo sekhutlong se se kwa godimo sa moja sa pontsho ya setlhogo se se balwang gone jaanong.<ref name=":23" /> Mo godimo ga moo, bara e e kafa thoko e kgona go phuthega ka fa morago ga [[:en:Hamburger_button|konopo ya hamburger]]. Vector 2022 gape e oketsa [[:en:Margin_(typography)|dintlha]] tsa pontsho ya dipego, e e nang le phelelo ya go lekanyetsa bophara jwa pego;<ref name=":23" /> go na le toggle e e ka fokotsang dintlha le go atolosa bophara jwa mola wa pego go tlatsa sefatlhego sa sesupaditshwantso.<ref name=":24">Perez, Sarah (January 18, 2023). [https://techcrunch.com/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-its-first-makeover-in-over-a-decade-and-its-fairly-subtle/ "Wikipedia gets its first makeover in over a decade... and it's fairly subtle"]. techcrunch.com. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230119214848/https://techcrunch.com/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-its-first-makeover-in-over-a-decade-and-its-fairly-subtle/ Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref><ref name=":20" /> Bogolo jwa mokwalo jo bo dirisiwang ka tlwaelo ga bo ise bo okediwe, le fa [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] o boleletse ''Engadget'' gore o solofela go dira se kgetho mo isagong.<ref name=":22" /> Tiro ya patlo le yone e ne ya tlhabololwa mo Vector 2022, ka gonne maduoa a ntshitshitsweng go araba dipotso tsa modirisi jaanong di akaretsa ditshwantsho le ditlhaloso tse dikhutshwane go tswa mo ditsebeng tse go buiwang ka tsone.<ref name=":23" /><ref name=":25">Nguyen, Britney. [https://www.businessinsider.com/new-wikipedia-update-looks-different-desktop-redesign-2023-1 "It's not just you  – Wikipedia looks different"]. ''Business Insider''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120012218/https://www.businessinsider.com/new-wikipedia-update-looks-different-desktop-redesign-2023-1 Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] o ne wa bolela gore phetogo eno e ne e tlhotlhelediwa ke keletso ya go dira gore lefelo leno le nne la segompieno le go tokafatsa maitemogelo a go tsamaya le go tseleganya mo babading ba ba senang maitemogelo a maranyane, ka gonne letlalo la pele le ne le tsewa le le "le le sa siamang le le le fekeetsang."<ref name=":21" /><ref name=":22" /><ref name=":24" /> Diteko tse di dirilweng ke motheo di ne tsa oketsa maduo a mokgatlho oo ka koketsego ya badirisi ba dipatlisiso ka karolo ya masome a mararo mo lekgolong, le phokotsego ya karolo ya lesome le botlhano mo lekgolong ya go tsamayatsamaya mo lefelong la tshedimosetso.<ref name=":22" /><ref name=":24" />Diphetolelo tsa ntlha tsa Vector 2022 di ne tsa simolola go dirisiwa la ntlha ka ngwaga wa 2020 mo mafelong a Wikipedia a puo ya Sefora, Sehebera le Sepotokisi,<ref name=":21" /> ​​jaaka fa dikarolo tse disha tsa sebopego di ne di anamisiwa mo badirising gore di lekwe ka iketlo pele ga le gololwa ka botlalo.<ref>Lyles, Taylor (September 24, 2020). [https://www.theverge.com/2020/9/23/21453300/wikipedia-desktop-redesign-2021 "Wikipedia is getting its first desktop redesign in 10 years".] The Verge. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120152848/https://www.theverge.com/2020/9/23/21453300/wikipedia-desktop-redesign-2021 Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> Sebopego se ne sa simolola go dirisiwa jaaka lsebopego se se tlwaelesegileng la babadi ba mafelo a Wikimedia ka dipuo di le makgolo a mararo (mo go tse makgolo a mararo le lesome le borobabobedi) ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2023.<ref name=":22" /><ref name=":20" /><ref name=":23" /> Morago ga go anamisa mo gontsi ga Vector 2022, go santse go kgonega go bala Wikipedia o dirisa sebopego se se fetileng. Le fa go ntse jalo, go dira jalo go tlhoka gore babadi ba ikwadisetse lenaneo le le letlellang go tsena mo Wikipedia, mme morago ba tlhome ditlhopho tsa bone go bontsha Vector 2010 boemong jwa seo.<ref name=":23" /> Ga go na diphetogo tse di dirilweng mo dibopegong tsa Wikipedia jaaka Monobook le Timeless, tse le tsone di sa ntseng di le teng go ka dirisiwa.<ref name=":20" /><ref>[https://gizmodo.com/wikipedia-wikimedia-online-encyclopedia-1850002977 "Try and Spot the Differences in Wikipedia's First New Look in 11 Years]". Gizmodo. January 18, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230119134259/https://gizmodo.com/wikipedia-wikimedia-online-encyclopedia-1850002977 Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> [[:en:Wikipedia_users|Badirisi ba Wikipedia]] ba ne ba kgaogane ka diphetogo tse. Kopo ya tshwaelo mo [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] e e botsang baagi gore a Vector 2022 e tshwanetse go dirisiwa kgotsa nnyaa jaaka sebopego sa tlwaelo se kokoantse mafoko a a fetang dikete tse masome a borobabongwe mo dikarabong.<ref name=":20" /> Batshwayadiphoso ba go tlhamiwa sešwa ba ne ba ganetsa thata [[:en:White_space_(visual_arts)|phatlha e e tshweu]] e e tlogetsweng e le lolea mo sebopegong se lešwa, fa badirisi ba bangwe ba ne ba nyatsa batshwayadiphoso ba re ba na le kganetso ya phetogo.<ref name=":20" /> Barulaganyi ba le lekgolo le masome a marataro le botlhano ba ba neng ba tsaya karolo mo motlotlong ba ne ba sa amogele letlalo le lešwa, fa ba le lekgolo le masome a matlhano a le boraro ba ne ba rata, mme ba le robongwe ba ne ba nna ba sa tseye letlhakore.<ref name=":26">Pearl, Mike (January 18, 2023). [https://mashable.com/article/new-wikipedia-redesign "Yes, Wikipedia looks weird. Don't freak out"]. ''Mashable''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120012235/https://mashable.com/article/new-wikipedia-redesign Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref><ref name=":20" /><ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3ARequests_for_comment%2FDeployment_of_Vector_%282022%29&diff=latest&oldid=1117412136 Wikipedia history page".] ''en.wikipedia.org''.</ref> Le fa go ne go na le palo e kgolo ya barulaganyi ba ba neng ba tlhagisa gore ga ba batle gore Vector 2022 e dirisiwe ka sebopego sa yone sa ga jaana, ka tumalano mo Wikipedia e sa tseelwe tshwetso ka tlhopo, puisane e ne ya tswalelwa go go tshegetsa sebobego se sesha, go akanyediwa ditshwaelo tse di siameng tse di tlogetsweng ke badirisi ba bangwe.<ref name=":26" /><ref name=":20" /> Batlhami ba Vector 2022 ba dirile diphetogo dingwe mo sebopegong go tsibogela ditshwaelo, tse di jaaka go tsenya toggle go kgontsha diteng tsa pego go tlatsa bophara jotlhe jwa sefatlhego sa sesupaditshwantso.<ref name=":20" /><ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Requests_for_comment/Deployment_of_Vector_(2022)&oldid=1138588215 "Wikipedia:Requests for comment/Deployment of Vector (2022)"]. February 10, 2023 – via Wikipedia.</ref> Badirisi ba [[:en:Swahili_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seswahili]] ba ne ba sa dumalane ka bongwefela jwa pelo le go tsenngwa tirisong ga sebopego se lešwa.<ref name=":20" /> Babegadikgang ba ba neng ba tsibogela go anamisa ga Vector 2022 ba ne ba tsaya ntšhwafatso le dikarolo tse disha tse di tlhagisitsweng e le ditlaleletso tse di mosola, mme ka kakaretso ba ne ba tlhalosa sebopego jaaka ntšhwafatso e nnye e e neng ya se ka ya fetola maitemogelo a bone a go bala mo Wikipedia.<ref name=":25" /><ref name=":20" /> <ref name=":24" />[[:en:Annie_Rauwerda|Annie Rauwerda]], motlhami wa lenaneo la go letlella go tsena tsa media wa loago tsa [[:en:Depths_of_Wikipedia|Boteng jwa Wikipedia]], o kwadile mo [[:en:Slate_(magazine)|''Slate'']] gore Vector 2022 e ne e sa "farologane thata" le letlalo le le fetileng. Rauwerda o ne a lemoga gape go tshwana fa gare ga tsibogo ya baagi ba Wikipedia kgatlhanong le moakanyetso le dikganetso tsa nako e e fetileng tsa diphetogo tse di tshwanang tsa pono mo mafelong a a tlwaelegileng a a jaaka [[:en:Reddit|Reddit]].<ref name=":20" /> Rauwerda, le Mike Pearl wa ''Mashable'', ba ne ba akgela ka gore badirisi ba ba sa itumeleleng phetogo eo ba ka nna ba sekaseka mo motlotlong o o buang ka sebopego se, kgotsa ba dirisa ditiriso tsa go itebaganya tse di ageletsweng mo lefelong leo go fetola maitemogelo a bone a go bala.<ref name=":26" /><ref name=":20" /> === Dipopego tse di mo teng === ''Matshwao a naga mo setšhabeng sa Wikipedia, le tlhabololo ya mokgatlho wa yone, [[:en:Wikipedia:Administration|dibopego tsa ka fa gare]], le'' ''melawana.'' * Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2001, Wales e tlhalosa semmuso "ntlha ya pono e e sa tseyeng letlhakore",<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20010416035757/http://www.wikipedia.com/wiki/NeutralPointOfView NeutralPointOfView]". Wikipedia. Archived from [https://www.wikipedia.com/wiki/NeutralPointOfView the original] on April 16, 2001. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> melawanaya konokono ya botseleganyi e e sa buisanelweng ya Wikipedia,<ref>"A few things are absolute and non-negotiable, though. NPOV for example." [https://mail.wikipedia.org/pipermail/wikien-l/2003-November/008096.html in statement by Jimbo Wales in November 2003] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051125190519/http://mail.wikipedia.org/pipermail/wikien-l/2003-November/008096.html|date=25 November 2005}} and, in this thread reconfirmed by [[mailarchive:wikien-l/2006-April/044388.html|Jimbo Wales in April 2006]] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140618224657/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikien-l/2006-April/044388.html|date=18 June 2014}} in the context of lawsuits.</ref> go tlhamiwa sešwa ga pholisi ya "Go tlhoka go tsaya letlhakore" e e tlhalositsweng ke Sanger ya Nupedia ka dikgakologo kgotsa ka selemo sa 2000, e e neng e akaretsa bontsi jwa melaometheo ya sa1.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20010331211742/http://www.nupedia.com/policy.shtml "Nupedia: Editorial Policy Guidelines"]. www.nupedia.com. March 31, 2001. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/policy.shtml the original] on March 31, 2001. Retrieved March 16, 2023. Nupedia articles are, in terms of their content, to be unbiased. There may be respectable reference works that permit authors to take recognizable stands on controversial issues, but this is not one of them ... "On every issue ... is it very difficult or impossible for the reader to determine what the view is to which the author adheres?" ... for each controversial view discussed, the author of an article (at a bare minimum) mention various opposing views that are taken seriously by any significant minority of experts (or concerned parties) on the subject ... In a final version of the article, every party to the controversy in question must be able to judge that its views have been fairly presented, or as fairly as is possible in a context in which other, opposing views must also be presented as fairly as possible.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa 2001, tirisanommogo ka setlhogo mo [[:en:Wikipedia:WikiProject|mananeong a a Wiki]] e ne ya tlhagisiwa.<ref>"[[:en:Wikipedia:WikiProject_proposal|Wikipedia:WikiProject proposal – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia"]]. English Wikipedia. May 18, 2008. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110506091041/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_proposal Archived] from the original on May 6, 2011. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2002, matshwenyego ka ga kotsi ya go tlhotlhomisiwa le go rekisiwa ga yone mo isagong ke Bomis Inc (moamogedi wa ntlha wa Wikipedia) mmogo le go tlhoka netefaletso ya gore seno ga se kitla se diragala, go ne ga dira gore bontsi jwa batsayakarolo ba [[:es:|Wikipedia ya Sepanishe]] ba kgaogane le go e tlhoma ka nosi jaaka ''[[:en:Enciclopedia_Libre|Enciclopedia Libre]]''.<ref>[http://enciclopedia.us.es/index.php/Enciclopedia:Por_qu%E9_estamos_aqu%ED_y_no_en_es.wikipedia.org Why we are here and not in Wikipedia] [https://web.archive.org/web/20220710072544/http://enciclopedia.us.es/index.php/Enciclopedia:Por_qu%E9_estamos_aqu%ED_y_no_en_es.wikipedia.org Archived] 10 July 2022 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] (in Spanish, under GFDL)</ref> Morago ga go tlhalosiwa ga maemo a Wikipedia le gore ga e a dira kgwebo moragonyana mo ngwageng oo, dipuisano tsa go kopanngwa gape fa gare ga ''Enciclopedia Libre'' le Wikipedia ya Sepanishe e e neng ya tlhongwa sešwa di ne tsa nna teng ka dinako tse dingwe ka ngwaga wa 2002 le ngwaga wa 2003, mme ga go a ka ga fitlhelelwa tshwetso epe. Ka ngwaga wa 2011, ''Enciclopedia Libre'' e ne e tsewa e le mo kwelotlaseng;<ref>Tkacz, Nathaniel (January 20, 2011). [https://www.wired.com/story/wikipedia-spanish-fork/ "The Spanish Fork: Wikipedia's ad-fuelled mutiny"]. Wired. Retrieved August 21, 2025.</ref> e ne ya emisa go dira kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2024. * Gape ka ngwaga wa 2002, dintlha tsa melawana le mokgwa di ne tsa tlhalosiwa ka go tlhamiwa ga ''Bukana ya Mokgwa'', mmogo le melawana le dikaelo tse dingwe di le mmalwa.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style&oldid=171156 "Wikipedia:Manual of Style]", Wikipedia, August 23, 2002, retrieved March 16, 2023</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa 2002, go ne ga tlhomiwa manaane a mašwa a go romela a WikiEN le Announce, mmogo le manaane a mangwe a go romelaka poso a puo, go fokotsa bontsi jwa batho ba ba tsenang mo manaaneng a go romela ka poso.<ref>"[https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_News/2002&oldid=486954 Wikimedia News/2002 – Meta"]. Meta.wikimedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150903231255/https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_News/2002&oldid=486954 Archived] from the original on September 3, 2015. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2003, molao o o kgatlhanong le go fetola [[:en:Wikipedia:Autobiography|buka ya botshelo jwa motho]] o ne wa tlhagisiwa.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Autobiography&oldid=1220207 "Wikipedia:Autobiography – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia"]. En.wikipedia.org. July 30, 2003. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150903231255/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Autobiography&oldid=1220207 Archived] from the original on September 3, 2015. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2003, kopano ya ntlha ya "nnete" ya badiri ba Wikipedia e ne ya diragala kwa [[:en:Munich|Munich]]. Ditoropo di le dintsi di ne tsa latela, mme go ise go ye kae go ne ga tlhomiwa dikokoano di le mmalwa tsa nako le nako tsa Wikipedia mo lefatsheng lotlhe. Merafe e le mmalwa tsa maranyane, go akaretsa le nngwe mo lefelong la tshedimosetso e e tumileng ya blog ya [[:en:LiveJournal|LiveJournal]], le tsone di tlhagile fa e sa le ka nako eo. * Go tloga ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e thola malatsi a le masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa 2004 [[:en:Wikipedia:Browse|Wikipedia:Batla]] le [[:en:Wikipedia:Browse_by_overview|Wikipedia:Batla ka kakaretso]] tse pele di neng di le mo Tsebeng ya konokono di ne tsa emisediwa ka dikgokagano tsa kakaretso. Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2004 go ne ga simololwa ''Kgoro ya merafe'',<ref>"[[:en:Wikipedia:Community_Portal|Wikipedia:Community Portal]]", Wikipedia. Retrieved 30 January 2007.</ref> go dira jaaka tsepamo ya maiteko a morafe. Tse di ne di fitlhelelwa mo nakong e e fetileng ka tsela e e sa tlhomamang, ka dingongorego ka bongwe tsa Diphetogo tsa Bosheng, ka mokgwa wa wiki, jaaka tirisanommogo ya nakwana fa gare ga barulaganyi ba ba nang le mogopolo o o tshwanang. * Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse go fitlhela ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ya ngwaga wa 2005 morago ga [[:en:Wikipedia_Seigenthaler_biography_incident|kganetsano ya Seigenthaler]] le matshwenyego a mangwe a a tshwanang,<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons&oldid=31753956 "Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons"], Wikipedia, December 17, 2005, [https://web.archive.org/web/20210609020908/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons&oldid=31753956 archived] from the original on June 9, 2021, retrieved March 16, 2023</ref> dikarolo le melawana e le mmalwa tse di kgatlhanong le tirisobotlhaswa di ne tsa okediwa mo Wikipedia. Tse e ne e le: ** [[m:CheckUser Policy|Molawana wa "Checkuser]]" ([[:en:Software_tool|katoloso]] ya [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]] go thusa go lemoga tirisobotlhaswa ka go dirisa [[:en:Sock_puppet_account|sesupo sa modirisi mo lefelong la tshedimosetso sa maaka sa inthanete]]) e ne ya tlhongwa ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2005.<ref>[[m:CheckUser policy|"CheckUser policy]]", Meta-Wiki. Retrieved 25 January 2007. Checkuser function had previously existed but was known as Espionage – for example, in the Arbitration Committee [[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2005-09-26/Arbitration_report|case of JarlaxleArtemis.]]</ref> Tiro ya [[:en:Checkuser|Checkuser]] e ne e le teng mo nakong e e fetileng mme e ne e tsewa jaaka sedirisiwa sa tsamaiso ka nako eo, ka jalo go ne go sa tlhokege molawana o o akaretsang tiriso ka tlwaelo.<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2005-10-17/News_and_notes|Checkuser proposal]] Wikipedia Signpost</ref> ** Go tlhamiwa ga ditsebe tse dišwa mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane go ne go lekanyeditswe fela barulaganyi ba ba neng ba tlhamile sesupo sa modirisi mo lefelong la tshedimosetso.<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2005-12-05/Page_creation_restrictions|"Page creation restrictions]]", Wikipedia Signpost / English Wikipedia. Retrieved 31 January 2007.</ref> ** Go tsenngwa le go amogelwa ka bonako ga molawana [[:en:Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_people|Wikipedia:Ditshedimosetso tsa batho ba ba tshelang]], go fa thulaganyo e e gagametseng thata ya taolo ya boleng le go tlhola dintlha mo dipegong tsa ditshedimosetso tse di amanang le batho ba ba tshelang. ** Tiro le molawana wa "semi-protection",<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2005-12-26/Semi-protection|"Semi-protection policy]]", Wikipedia Signpost / English Wikipedia. Retrieved 30 January 2007.</ref> e e letlang gore ditsebe di sirelediwe gore e nne fela ba ba nang le sesupo sa modirisi mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ba ba ka kgonang go fetola. *Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 2006, go ne ga tlhagisiwa karolo e ntšha ya "botlhokomedi" mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane, e e letlang badirisi ba le mmalwa ba ba ikanyegang thata go phimolela ruri dipoeletso tsa tsebe tse di nang e e nang le tlolo ya ditshwanelo tsa mokwadi kgotsa tshedimosetso e e senyang seriti sa motho kgotsa ya motho mo ditsong tsa tsebe. Pele ga se, go phimola mofuta wa tsebe go ne go le bokete, mme gape mefuta e e phimotsweng e ne e nna e bonala mo batsamaising ba bangwe mme e ne e ka phimolwa ke bone. *Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2007, setlhopha sa morafpotlana se se neng se bidiwa [[:en:Wikipedia:Esperanza|Esperanza]] se ne sa phatlaladiwa ka tumalano ya setšhaba. Esperanza e ne ya simolola e le maiteko a go rotloetsa “[[:en:Wikipedia:WikiLove|wikilove]]” (lorato le tlotlo magareng ga badirisi ba wiki) le mafaratlhatlha a tshegetso ya loago, mme morago ya itirela ngwao ya sone e e kgethegileng le dithulaganyo tsa sone tsa sephiri.<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2007-01-02/Experanza|Esperanza organization disbanded after deletion discussion]] Wikipedia Signpost 2 January 2007</ref> Go phatlaladiwa ga yone go ne ga tlhalosiwa e le tharabololo e e botlhoko mme e le botlhokwa mo lenaneong le le neng e letleletse barulaganyi go “ipona e le Ba-Esperanza pele ga tsotlhe.<ref>[[:en:WP:MFD/EA|"Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Wikipedia:Esperanza – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia"]]. En.wikipedia.org. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref>” Bontsi jwa mananeo a a mannye a Esperanza a ne a busediwa mo Wikipediang jaaka mananeo a a ikemetseng, mme bontsi jwa one jaanong ga a sa tlhole di dirisiwa. Fa setlhopha se ne se tlhamiwa ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa 2005, go ne go setse go na le matshwenyego a gore kwa bofelong se ne se tla atlholwa ka tsela eo. <ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2005-09-19/Esperanza_group|New group aims to promote Wiki-Love]] Wikipedia Signpost 19 September 2005</ref> *Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2007, maduo a tshekatsheko ya molawana wa dikgwedi di le nne ke setlhopha sa tiro sa barulaganyi ba le makgolo a le mmalwa ba ba neng ba batla go kopanya melawana ya konokono ya Wikipedia go nna molawana o le mongwe wa konokono ([[:en:Wikipedia:Attribution|Wikipedia:Attribution]]) di ne tsa botsolodiwa go bona tshegetso ya morafe. Tshitshinyo ga e a ka ya bona tumalano; pono e e botlhokwa e ne ya bonala gore popego e e leng teng ya melawana e e meraro e e tiileng e e tsepameng e e akaretsang dikarolo tse di farologaneng tsa molwana, e ne e bonwa gangwe le gape e le e e thusang thata mo taolong ya boleng go na le tshitshinyo e le nngwe e e kopantsweng ka kakaretso. * Tiro le molawana ya "wa tshireletso yo sa hellang",<ref>"[[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2005-12-26/Semi-protection|Semi-protection policy"]], Wikipedia Signpost / English Wikipedia. Retrieved 30 January 2007.</ref> o o letlang gore ditsebe di sirelediwe gore e nne fela ba ba nang le sesupo sa modirisi mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ba ba ka tseleganyang. === Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia le dithulaganyo tsa semolao === ''Sebopego sa semolao le sa [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|mokgatlo sa Wikimedia]] , balaodi ba yone, le ditiro tsa yone jaaka e le [[:en:Foundation_(nonprofit_organization)|mokgatlho]].'' * Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2002, ka bonako morago ga gore Jimmy Wales a itsise gore ga a kitla a tsamaisa dipapatso tsa kgwebo mo Wikipedia, [[:en:Uniform_Resource_Locator|URL]] ya Wikipedia e ne ya fetolwa go tswa go ''wikipedia.com'' go ya go ''wikipedia.org'' ([[:en:.com|.com]] le [[:en:.org|.org]]). * Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo ka ngwaga wa 2003, [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] o ne wa tlhongwa. * Komiti ya ditlhaeletsano e ne ya tlhamiwa ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2006 go laola le dipotso tsa bobegakgang le melaetsa e e amogetsweng ya mokgatlho le Wikipedia ka [[:en:OTRS|OTRS]] e e sa tswang go tsenngwa tirisong (thulaganyo ya go tshwara ditekete). * Angela Beesley le [[:en:Florence_Nibart-Devouard|Florence Nibart-Devouard]] ba ne ba tlhophiwa go nna leloko la setlhopa sa batsamaisi sa [[:en:Trustee|Batlhokomedi]] ba [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]]. Ka nako eo, Angela o ne a le matlhagatlhaga mo go rulaganyeng diteng le go tlhoma melawana, e e jaaka melawana ya sephiri, mo teng ga mokgatlho.<ref>Riehle, Dirk. "[https://www.riehle.org/computer-science/research/2006/wikisym-2006-interview.html How and Why Wikipedia Works: An Interview with Angela Beesley, Elisabeth Bauer, and Kizu Naoko"]. riehle.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055531/https://www.riehle.org/computer-science/research/2006/wikisym-2006-interview.html Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 2006, ''Wikipedia'' e ne ya nna letshwaokgwebo le le kwadisitsweng la Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia.<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2006-01-16/Trademark_registered&oldid=35499220 Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2006-01-16/Trademark registered".] Wikipedia. January 16, 2006. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150903231255/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2006-01-16/Trademark_registered&oldid=35499220 Archived] from the original on September 3, 2015. Retrieved January 14, 2007.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2006, Angela Beesley o ne a rola tiro mo botong ya [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170707225015/https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Press_releases/Angela_Beesley_resigns_from_Wikimedia_Foundation_board "Angela Beesley resigns from Wikimedia Foundation board".] Wikimedia Foundation press release. July 7, 2006. Archived from [[foundationsite:wiki/Press_releases/Angela_Beesley_resigns_from_Wikimedia_Foundation_board|the original]] on July 7, 2017.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2006, [[:en:Florence_Nibart-Devouard|Florence Nibart-Devouard]] o ne a nna modulasetilo wa setlhopa sa batsamaisis sa Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia. === Dikgato tsa botlhokwa tsa diphetogo le mananeo === ''Ditsebe tsa konokono : [[:en:Wikipedia:Statistics|Wikipedia:Dipalopalo]], [[:en:List_of_Wikipedias|Lenaane la Diwikipedia]], le [[:en:Wikipedia:Milestones#Wikipedia_milestones|Wikipedia:Diphitlhelelo]]Mananeo a kgaitsadi le dikgato tsa botlhokwa tse di amanang le dipego, motheo wa badirisi, le dipalopalo tse dingwe.'' * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga 2001, phetogo ya ntlha e e kwadilweng ya Wikipedia e ne ya dirwa. * Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2002, lenaneo la ntlha la kgaitsadi, [[:en:Wiktionary|Wiktionary]], e ne ya tlhamiwa; e ikaelela go dira [[:en:Dictionary|buka ya thanodi]] le [[:en:Thesaurus|buka ya mafoko]] a a tshwanang ya mafoko a dipuo tsotlhe. E dirisa lenaneo la sesupaditlhaka le le tshwanang le Wikipedia. * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2003, [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] e ne ya tlhagisiwa gape mo [[:en:Slashdot_effect|Slashdot]] morago ga go fitlhelela palo ya dipego di le dikete di le lekgolo ka setlhogo sa [[:en:Hastings,_New_Zealand|Hastings]]. Malatsi a le mabedi morago ga moo, Wikipedia ya puo ya Sejeremane, e leng mofuta o mogolo go gaisa wa Wikipedia o e seng wa Seesemane, e ne ya feta palo ya dipego di le '''dikete tse lesome'''. * Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2003, e leng letsatsi le [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] e neng ya tlhamiwa ka lone, “[[:en:Wikiquote|Wikiquote]]” e ne ya tlhamiwa. Kgwedi morago ga moo, “[[:en:Wikibooks|Wikibooks]]” e ne ya itsisiwe semmuso . “[[:en:Wikisource|Wikisource]]” yone e ne ya tlhamiwa kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga oo. * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2004, Wikipedia e ne ya fitlhelela palo ya ditlhogo di le dikete tse makgolo a mabedi mo puong ya Seesemane ka setlhogo ka ga [[:en:Neil_Warnock|Neil Warnock]], mme ya fitlhelela ditlhogo di le dikete dile makgolo a mane le botlhano fa go kopanngwa Wikipedia ya Seesemane le tse e seng tsa Seesemane. Kgwedi e e latelang, palo yotlhe ya ditlhogo tsa Wikipedia ya Seesemane le tse e seng tsa Seesemane e ne ya fitlha ko diketeng tse makgolo a matlhano. * Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2004, palo ya dipego tsa Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya fitlha dikete tse makgolo a mabedi le botlhano. * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 2004, palo ya ditlhogo tsa Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya fitlha dikete di le makgolo a mararo. * Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2004, palo yotlhe ya dipego tsa Wikipedia e ne ya feta sedikadike se le sengwe mo dipuong tse di fetang lekgolo le botlhano; lenaneo le le ne la bona tlhokomelo e kgolo mo metsweding ya dikgang.<ref>[[m:PR-1mil-US|One million Wikipedia articles]]</ref> Pego ya sedikadike sa ntlha e ne ya gatisiwa mo [[:en:Hebrew_Wikipedia|Wikipediang ya Sehebera]] mme e ne e bua ka [[:en:Flag_of_Kazakhstan|folaga ya Kazakhstan]] * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone (2004), palo ya dipego tsa Wikipedia ya Seesemane e fitlheletse '''dikete di le makgolo a le mane.''' * Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borobedi ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano (2005), Wikipedia e fetile letshwao la dipego di le '''makgolo a matlhano a dikete''' mo puong ya Seesemane, mme setlhogo sa “[[:en:Involuntary_settlements_in_the_Soviet_Union|Involuntary settlements in the Soviet Union]]” sa nna setlhogo sa kgato eo ya botlhokwa.<ref>[[foundationsite:wiki/Press_releases/500k_English_articles|"Wikipedia Publishes 500,000th English Article".]] Wikimediafoundation.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100616193053/http://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Press_releases/500k_English_articles Archived] from the original on June 16, 2010. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong mo ngwageng wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano (2005), Wikipedia e ne ya nna lefelo la tshedimosetso e e neng e etelwa thata mo Inthaneteng go ya ka [[:en:Hitwise|Hitwise]], mme ya feta [[:en:Dictionary.com|Dictionary.com]]. * Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano (2005), [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] e fetile letshwao la dipego di le '''makgolo a supa masome a matlhano a dikete.''' * Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e tlhola letsatsi le le lengwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e fetile letshwao la dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''', mme setlhogo sa “[[:en:Jordanhill_railway_station|Jordanhill railway station”]] sa nna setlhogo sa kgato eo ya botlhokwa.<ref name=":37">While this article was announced as the milestone on the Main Page, multiple articles qualified due to the continuous creation and deletion of pages on the site.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le robedi ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro (2006), [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] e fetile letshwao la dipego tse di tlhophilweng thata di le sekete, mme “[[:en:Iranian_peoples|Iranian peoples]]” sa nna setlhogo sa kgato eo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170708005544/https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Press_releases/English_Wikipedia_Announces_Thousandth_Featured_Article "English Wikipedia Announces Thousandth Featured Article"]. Wikimedia Foundation. June 8, 2006. Archived from [[foundationsite:wiki/Press_releases/English_Wikipedia_Announces_Thousandth_Featured_Article|the original]] on July 8, 2017. Retrieved December 21, 2012.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro, Wikimedia Foundation e ne ya tlhoma [[:en:Wikiversity|Wikiversity]].<ref>[[wm2006:Opening_Plenary_(transcript)|"Opening Plenary (transcript) – Wikimania"]]. wikimania2006.wikimedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316104238/https://wikimania2006.wikimedia.org/wiki/Opening_Plenary_(transcript) Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023. Jimbo Wales, Wikimania 2006 ([http://www.supload.com/listen?s=SI0OG2vN04i audio] [https://web.archive.org/web/20131020184036/http://www.supload.com/listen?s=SI0OG2vN04i Archived] 20 October 2013 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]])</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola letsatsi la ntlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro (2006), Wikipedia e fetile letshwao la ditlhogo di le didikadike di le tlhano mo dipuong di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mabedi le borobongwe. * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bone ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro (2006), Wikipedia ya Seesemane e fetile letshwao la ditlhogo di le sedikadike se le sengwe le sephatlo ka [[:en:Kanab_ambersnail|Kanab ambersnail]] e itsisiwe mo Tsebeng e Kgolo jaaka setlhogo sa botlhokwa.<ref name=":37" /> * Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le bonè ka ngwaga wa 2007, tlhopho ya ntlha ya CD ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya phasaladiwa e le go laolla mahala.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080704141459/http://fixedreference.org/2006-Wikipedia-CD-Selection "A Schools Global Citizen Resource from SOS Children"]. Fixedreference.org. Archived from [http://fixedreference.org/2006-Wikipedia-CD-Selection the original] on July 4, 2008. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2007, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e fetile letshwao la ditlhogo di le milione o le mongwe le dikete di le makgolo a supa masome a matlhano. Setlhogo sa [[:en:RAF_raid_on_La_Caine_HQ|“RAF raid on La Caine HQ]]” sa nna setlhogo sa bo milione o le mongwe le dikete di le makgolo a supa masome a matlhano. * Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le robongwe ka ngwaga wa 2007, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e fetile letshwao la ditlhogo di le '''didikadike di le pedi.''' Setlhogo sa [[:en:El_Hormiguero|''“El Hormiguero”'']] se ne sa amogelwa ka tumalano ya setšhaba jaaka setlhogo sa bo dimilione di le pedi. * Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobedi ka ngwaga wa 2008, Wikipedia e fetile letshwao la ditlhogo di le '''didikadike di le lesome''' mo mefuteng yotlhe ya dipuo di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a matlhano le bongwe. * Ka kgwedi ya Diphalane e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bongwe ka ngwaga wa 2008, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e fetile letshwao la ditlhogo di le dimilione di le pedi le sephatlo. Le fa go ne go sa dirwa maiteko a semolao a go tlhopha setlhogo sa bo '''didikadike di le pedi le sephatlo''', “[[:en:Joe_Connor_(baseball)|Joe Connor (baseball)”]] e ne ya akanyediwa e ka nna yone setlhogo seo. * Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2009, [[:en:German_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] e fetile letshwao la dipego di le '''didikadike di le tharo''', mme “Beate Eriksen” ya itsisiwe mo Tsebeeng e Kgolo jaaka setlhogo sa kgato eo ya botlhokwa. * Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le supa ka ngwaga wa 2009, [[:en:German_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejeremane]] e fetile letshwao la dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''', mme ya nna mofuta wa bobedi wa Wikipedia wa puo o o fitlheletseng palo eo. * Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bongwe ka ngwaga wa 2010, [[:en:French_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sefora]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''' mme ya nna kgatiso ya boraro ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bobedi 2010, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya feta letshwao la dipego di le '''didikadike di le tharo le dikete tse tlhano'''. * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bobedi 2011, Wikipedia e ne ya feta diathikele di le '''didikadike di le masome a mabedi'''. mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo di le makgolo a le mabedi le masome a borobabobedi le bobedi. * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanaitseele e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 2011, [[:en:German_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejeremane]] e ne ya feta diphetogo tsa ditsebe di le '''didikadike di le lekgolo'''.. * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bone ka ngwaga wa 2011, [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] e ne ya feta diphetogo tsa ditsebe di le '''didikadike di le makgolo a matlhano'''. * Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2011, [[:en:Dutch_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sedatšhe]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya bone ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2012, [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''didikadike di le nne,''' ka [[:en:Ezbet_El_Borg|Izbat al-Burj]].<ref>"[http://blog.wikimedia.org.uk/2012/07/english-language-wikipedia-hits-4-million-articles/ English language Wikipedia hits 4 million articles!"]. Wikimedia UK Blog. [[:en:Wikimedia_UK|Wikimedia UK]]. July 13, 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121222030833/http://blog.wikimedia.org.uk/2012/07/english-language-wikipedia-hits-4-million-articles/ Archived] from the original on December 22, 2012. Retrieved July 13, 2012.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:Dutch_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya SeItaly]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya botlhano ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bongwe ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:Russian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Russia]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe,''' mme ya nna kgatiso ya borataro ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:Spanish_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sepanishe]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya bosupa ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:Swedish_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sesweden]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya borobedi ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:Polish_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Poland]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya borobongwe ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bongwe ka ngwaga wa 2013, Wikipedia e ne ya feta dipego di le '''didikadike di le masome a mararo''' mo dikgatisong tsotlhe di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a borobabobedi le bosupa tsa dipuo. * Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome lebosupa ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:French_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sefora]] e ne ya feta diphetogo tsa ditsebe di le '''didikadike di le lekgolo.''' * Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2014, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya feta letshwao la dipego di le '''didikadike di le nne le makgolo a matlhano.''' * Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2014, [[:en:Waray_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Waray]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya bolesome ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2014, [[:en:Vietnamese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Vietnam]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya bolesome le bongwe ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2014, [[:en:Cebuano_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Cebuano]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya bolesomepedi ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 2015, [[:en:Swedish_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sesweden]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''didikadike di le pedi''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya bobedi ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola letsatsi ka ngwaga wa 2015, [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''didikadike di le tlhano''' ka ''Persoonia terminalis'', mme e na le barulaganyi ba feta dikete tse lekgolo le masome a mabedi le botlhano ba ba dirileng paakanyo e le nngwe kgotsa go feta mo malatsing a le masome a mararo a a fetileng. * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola letsatsi ka ngwaga wa 2016, [[:en:Japanese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejapane]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya bolesometharo ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a le lesome le bone ka ngwaga wa 2016, [[:en:Cebuano_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Secebuano]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''didikadike di le pedi''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya boraro ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2016, [[:en:Swedish_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sesweden]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''didikadike di le tharo''' , mme ya nna kgatiso ya boraro ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2016, Wikipedia e ne ya feta dipego di le '''didikadike di le masome a mane''' mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo di le 293. * Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2016, [[:en:Cebuano_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Cebuano]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''didikadike di le tharo''' mme ya nna kgatiso ya bone ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2016, [[:en:German_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejeremane]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''didikadike di le pedi''' mme ya nna kgatiso ya botlhano ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le mararo ka ngwaga wa 2017, [[:en:Cebuano_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Secebuano]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''didikadike tse nne''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya bobedi ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 2017, [[:en:Spanish_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sepanishe]] e ne ya feta diphetogo tsa ditsebe di le '''didikadike di le lekgolo''' . * Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2017, [[:en:Russian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Russia]] e ne ya feta diphetogo tsa ditsebe di le '''didikadike di le lekgolo.''' * Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2017, [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] e fetile letshwao la dipego di le '''didikadike di le tlhano le dikete tse botlhano.''' * Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2018, [[:en:Chinese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Setšhaena]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''' , mme ya nna kgatiso ya bolesome le bone ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2018, Wikipedia ya Sepotokisi e ne ya feta '''sedikadike se le sengwe''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya bolesome le botlhano ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2018, Wikipedia ya Sefora e ne ya feta dipego di le '''didikadike di le pedi,''' mme ya nna kgatiso ya botlhano ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bone ka ngwaga wa 2018, Wikipedia ya Searabia e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''' mme ya nna kgatiso ya bolesomethataro ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2019, Wikipedia ya Sepanishe e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe le dikete tse tlhano''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya bosupa ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola letsatsi ka ngwaga wa 2019, Dikgang tsa Wikipedia di ne tsa bala gape gore Wikipedia ya Sentadiana e fetile dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe le dikete tse tlhano''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya borobedi ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e tlhola malatsi a le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2019, Wikipedia e ne ya feta dipego di le '''didikadike di le masome a matlhano''' dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo di le makgolo a mararo le borobabongwe. * Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola malatsi a le mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2019, Wikipedia ya Se-Azerbaijan Borwa e ne ya feta diphetogo tsa ditsebe di le '''sedikadike sele sengwe'''. * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanaitseele e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2019, Wikipedia ya Searabia e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''' , mme ya nna kgatiso ya bolesomerobedi ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2020, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya feta dipego di le '''didikadike di le thataro''', mme Maria Elise Turner Lauder e ne e le athikele e e botlhokwa thata. * Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e tlhola malatsi a le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2020, Wikipedia ya Sedatšhe e ne ya feta dipego di le '''didikadike di le pedi''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya borataro ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2020, Wikipedia ya Seukraine e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''' mme ya nna kgatiso ya bolesome le bosupa ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola letsatsi ka ngwaga wa 2020, Wikipedia ya Searabia sa Egepeto e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''' , mme ya nna kgatiso ya bolesomerobedi ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2020, Wikipedia ya Sebengali e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''' .<ref>"[[m:Research:A_Brief_Analysis_of_Bengali_Wikipedia’s_Journey_to_100,000_Articles/en#cite_note-100K-5|Research:A Brief Analysis of Bengali Wikipedia's Journey to 100,000 Articles – Meta"]]. meta.wikimedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220319233514/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Research:A_Brief_Analysis_of_Bengali_Wikipedia%E2%80%99s_Journey_to_100,000_Articles/en#cite_note-100K-5 Archived] from the original on March 19, 2022. Retrieved March 5, 2022.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le mararo ka ngwaga wa 2021, Wikipedia ya Semalagasy e ne ya feta diphetogo tsa ditsebe '''sedikadike se le sengwe''' * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi nne ka ngwaga wa 2021, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya feta diphetogo tsa ditsebe di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''' . * Ka kgwedi ya Diphalane e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bone ka ngwaga wa 2021, Wikipedia ya Se-Cebuano e ne ya feta dipego di le '''didikadike di le thataro''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya bobedi ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bone ka ngwaga wa 2021, [[:en:Polish_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Poland]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''' '''le dikete tse tlhano''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya bolesomepedi ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo.<ref name=":38">"[https://meta.m.wikipedia.org/ Wikipedia News/2022".] meta.wikipedia.org. Retrieved August 26, 2023.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2021, Wikipedia ya Searabia sa Egepeto e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''' '''le dikete tse tlhano'''.<ref name=":38" /> * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2022, [[:en:Indonesian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Indonesia]] e ne ya feta diphetogo tsa ditsebe di le '''didikadike di le masome a mabedi'''. * Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a le lesome le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2022, [[:en:Norwegian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Norway]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''dikete di le thataro'''.<ref name=":38" /> * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanaitseele e tlhola malatsi a le masome a le mabedi le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2022, Wikipedia e ne ya feta dipego di le '''didikadike di le masome a marataro''' mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo di le makgolo a mararole masome a mabedi le borobabongwe .<ref>[https://meta.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_News/2022 "Wikipedia News/2022".] meta.wikipedia.org. Retrieved August 15, 2023. Wikipedia has reached 60,000,000 articles across all 329 languages.</ref> === Go kokoanya madi === [[Setshwantsho:WMF Support and Revenue, Expenses and Net Assets at Year End.jpg|thumb|Tlhabololo ya matlole ya Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia (ka US$), 2003–2023Bontsho : Dithoto tse di feletseng (ntle le Letlole la Wikimedia, le ga jaanong le emeng ka di dolara di le lekgolo+) Botala: Lotseno (ntle le meneelo ya motho yo mongwe go Wikimedia Endowment) Bohibidu: Ditshenyegelo (go akaretsa le dituelo tsa WMF go Wikimedia Endowment)<ref>[[foundationsite:wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Wikimedia_Foundation_FS_FY2022-2023_Audit_Report.pdf|"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc, Financial Statements, June 30, 2023"]] (PDF). wikimediafoundation.org. October 5, 2023. pp. 3, 14. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240101235700/https://wikimediafoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Wikimedia_Foundation_FS_FY2022-2023_Audit_Report.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.</ref>]] Ngwaga le ngwaga, Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia o tsamaisa matsholo a go kokoanya madi mo Wikipedia go tshegetsa ditiro tsa one. Tse ka kakaretso di tsaya mo e ka nnang kgwedi mme di diragala ka dinako tse di farologaneng tsa ngwaga mo dinageng tse di farologaneng. Mo godimo ga matshwao a phatlalatso a go kokoanya madi mo Wikipedia ka boyone, go na gape le matsholo a melaetsa ya maranyane; melaetsa e mengwe e laletsa batho go tlogela madi a Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia mo diwiling tsa bone.<ref>"[[m:Fundraising#Current_fundraising_activities|Fundraising – Meta"]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220525020516/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fundraising#Current_fundraising_activities Archived] from the original on May 25, 2022. Retrieved May 18, 2022.</ref> <ref>James Lileks (May 2, 2021). [https://www.startribune.com/lileks-wikipedia-wants-me-to-do-what/600052774/ "Lileks: Wikipedia wants me to do what?"]. Star Tribune. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210503001943/https://www.startribune.com/lileks-wikipedia-wants-me-to-do-what/600052774/ Archived] from the original on May 3, 2021. Retrieved May 24, 2022.</ref>Lotseno lo tlhatlogile ngwaga le ngwaga wa go nna teng ga Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia, lwa fitlha go didikadike di le didolara tsa Amerika di le lekgolo le masome a ferabongwe le disente di le lesome le bosupa go tloga ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa 2023, fa lo bapisiwa le ditshenyegelo tsa didikadike di le didolara tsa Amerika di le lekgolo le masome a marataro le borobongwe le disente di le lesome.<ref>[https://www.dailydot.com/debug/wikipedia-endownemnt-fundraising/ "Wikipedia is swimming in money – why is it begging people to donate?"]. The Daily Dot. May 24, 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210524121107/https://www.dailydot.com/debug/wikipedia-endownemnt-fundraising/ Archived] from the original on May 24, 2021. Retrieved September 23, 2021.</ref><ref>[[foundationsite:wp-content/uploads/File:Wikimedia_Foundation_FS_FY2022-2023_Audit_Report.pdf|"File: Wikimedia_Foundation_FS_FY_2022-2023_Audit_Report.pdf – Wikimedia Foundation Governance Wiki"]] (PDF). ''Foundation.wikimedia.org''. October 5, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240101140450/https://wikimediafoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/File:Wikimedia_Foundation_FS_FY2022-2023_Audit_Report.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, Wikimedia Endowment, e leng maiteko a a farologaneng a go kokoanya madi a a simolotsweng ka ngwaga wa 2016, a ne a fitlha ko didikadikeng di le didolara di le lekgolo ka ngwaga wa 2021, dingwaga di le tlhano ka bonako go feta ka fa go neng go rulagantswe ka gone.<ref>[https://diff.wikimedia.org/2021/09/22/the-wikimedia-endowment-reaches-100-million-milestone-and-welcomes-three-new-members-to-its-board-more-on-what-these-developments-mean-for-the-projects-and-movement/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2021/09/22/the-wikimedia-endowment-reaches-100-million-milestone-and-welcomes-three-new-members-to-its-board-more-on-what-these-developments-mean-for-the-projects-and-movement/ "The Wikimedia Endowment reaches $100 million milestone and welcomes three new members to its Board: More on what these developments mean for the projects and movement".] September 22, 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210924014012/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2021/09/22/the-wikimedia-endowment-reaches-100-million-milestone-and-welcomes-three-new-members-to-its-board-more-on-what-these-developments-mean-for-the-projects-and-movement/ Archived] from the original on September 24, 2021. Retrieved September 23, 2021.</ref> === Ditlamorago tsa kwa ntle === * Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Wikipedia e ne ya tsewa e tshwanela go dirisiwa jaaka motswedi o mogolo ke [[:en:UK_Intellectual_Property_Office|Ofisi ya Thoto ya Tlhaloganyo ya UK]] mo katlholong ya kgetse ya letshwaokgwebo la [[:en:Formula_One|Formula One]].<ref>In deciding the trademark of F1 racing {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071031053106/http://www.ipo.gov.uk/tm/t-decisionmaking/t-challenge/t-challenge-decision-results/o16907.pdf|date=31 October 2007}}, the UK Intellectual Property Office considered both the reliability of Wikipedia and its usefulness as a reliable source of evidence:<blockquote>Wikipedia has sometimes suffered from the self-editing that is intrinsic to it, giving rise at times to potentially libellous statements. However, inherently, I cannot see that what is in Wikipedia is any less likely to be true than what is published in a book or on the websites of news organisations. [Formula One's lawyer] did not express any concerns about the Wikipedia evidence [presented by the plaintiff]. I consider that the evidence from Wikipedia can be taken at face value.</blockquote>The case turned substantively upon evidence cited from Wikipedia in 2006 as to the usage and interpretation of the term "F1".</ref> * Fa nako e ntse e ile, Wikipedia e ne ya amogelwa ke metswedi ya dikgang e e tlwaelesegileng jaaka "motswedi o o botlhokwa" wa ditiragalo tse disha tse dikgolo, tse di jaaka [[:en:2004_Indian_Ocean_earthquake|thoromo ya lefatshe ya Lewatle la India ya 2004]] le [[:en:Tsunami|tsunami]] e e amanang le yone, [[:en:2008_American_Presidential_election|ditlhopho tsa botautona tsa Amerika tsa 2008]],<ref>Vargas, Jose Antonio (September 17, 2007). [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/09/16/AR2007091601699.html "On Wikipedia, Debating 2008 Hopefuls' Every Facet".] ''[[:en:The_Washington_Post|The Washington Post]]''. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286 0190-8286.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20230116071359/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/09/16/AR2007091601699.html Archived] from the original on January 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023. <q>...at the same time, it's hard to find a more up-to-date, detailed, thorough article on [[:en:Barack_Obama|Obama]] than Wikipedia's. As of Friday, Obama's article – more than 22 pages long, with 15 sections covering his personal and professional life – had a reference list of 167 sources.</q></ref> le go [[:en:Virginia_Tech_shooting|thuntshiwa ga Virginia Tech]] ka ngwaga wa 2007. Setlhogo sa bofelo se ne sa fitlhelelwa makgetlo a le dikete tse masome a supa le botlhano mo malatsing a mabedi, mme makwalo a dikgang a a gatisitsweng mo lefelong la gaeno go thuntshiwa a oketsa ka gore "Wikipedia e tlhageletse jaaka lefelo la go phepafatsa tshedimosetso e e feletseng ka tiragalo eno."<ref>[http://www.cyberjournalist.net/news/004178.php "Wikipedia emerges as key source for Virginia Tech shootings"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071022200632/http://cyberjournalist.net/news/004178.php|date=22 October 2007}}. ''The New York Times'' via Cyberjournalist.net. 2007. "Even ''[[:en:The_Roanoke_Times|The Roanoke Times]]'', which is published near [[:en:Blacksburg,_Virginia|Blacksburg, Va]]., where the university is located, noted on Thursday that Wikipedia 'has emerged as the clearinghouse for detailed information on the event'."</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mbadi le bongwe ka ngwaga wa 2007, Noam Cohen wa ''New York Times'' o ne a bega gore barutegi bangwe ba ne ba thibela tiriso ya Wikipedia jaaka sedirisiwa sa patlisiso.<ref>Cohen, Noam (February 21, 2007). [https://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/21/education/21wikipedia.html "A History Department Bans Citing Wikipedia as a Research Source]". ''The New York Times''. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170331235327/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/21/education/21wikipedia.html Archived] from the original on March 31, 2017. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola ka ngwaga wa 2007, pego mo lekwalong la dikgang la [[:en:The_Harvard_Crimson|The Harvard Crimson]] e ne ya bega gore baporofesara bangwe kwa Mmadikolo ya Harvard ba ne ba akaretsa Wikipedia mo dithulaganyong tsa bone tsa thuto, mme go ne ga nna le kgaogano mo tseleng e ba neng ba leba go dirisa Wikipedia ka yone.[233] * Ka Phukwi 2013, patlisiso e kgolo e e dirilweng ke diyunibesiti di le nne tse dikgolo e ne ya supa diathikele tse di neng di ngangisanwa thata mo Wikipedia, mme ya fitlhela gore Iseraele, Adolf Hitler le Modimo di ne di ngangisanwa ka bogale go feta ditlhogo dipe tse dingwe.[234] ==== Ditlamorago tsa diathikele tsa bayokerafi ==== Ka gore mekwalo ya matshelo a batho tsa Wikipedia di nna di tokafadiwa gangwe le gape fa tshedimosetso e ntšhwa e nna teng, gantsi di dirisiwa e le motswedi wa tshedimosetso ka matshelo a [[:en:Category:Living_people|batho ba ba tumileng]]. Se se dirile gore go nne le maiteko a go fetola kgotsa go tsenya tshedimosetso ya maaka mo ditlhogong tsa Wikipedia ka maikaelelo a go ipapatša kgotsa go senya seriti sa motho (Bona [[:en:History_of_Wikipedia#Controversies|Karolo ya Dikganetsano]]). Gape se dirile gore go nne le ditsela tse disha tsa go dirisa tshedimosetso ya mokwalo wa matshelo a batho e e fitlhelwang mo go yone. * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa 2005, [[:en:Wikipedia_Seigenthaler_biography_incident|kganetsano ya ga Seigenthaler]] e ne ya nna teng fa motsietsi mongwe a ne a bolela mo Wikipedia gore mmegadikgang John Seigenthaler o ne a na le seabe mo [[:en:Kennedy_assassination|polaong ya ga Kennedy]] ka ngwaga 1963. * Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga 2006, rametlae wa Mojeremane e bong [[:en:Atze_Schröder|Atze Schröder]] o ne a sekisa Arne Klempert, mokwaledi wa [[:en:Wikimedia_Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]] ka gonne a ne a sa batle gore leina la gagwe la mmatota le gatisiwe mo Wikipedia. Moragonyana Schröder o ne a gogela ngongorego ya gagwe morago mme o ne a batla gore ditshenyegelo tsa mmueledi wa gagwe di duelwe ke Klempert. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya swetsa ka gore motaki o tshwanetse go duelela ditshenyegelo tseo ka boene. * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2007, raditiragalo wa Turkey [[:en:Taner_Akçam|Taner Akçam]] o ne a tshwarwa ka nakwana fa a goroga kwa [[:en:Montréal–Pierre_Elliott_Trudeau_International_Airport|Boemafofaneng jwa Boditšhabatšhaba jwa Montréal–Pierre Elliott Trudeau]] ka ntlha ya tshedimosetso ya maaka mo mokwalong wa botshelo jwa gagwe ya Wikipedia e e neng e bolela gore ke serukhutlhi.<ref>[http://news.independent.co.uk/fisk/article2469270.ece "Caught in the deadly web of the internet"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20071001000113/http://news.independent.co.uk/fisk/article2469270.ece Archived] 1 October 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Robert Fisk. [[:en:The_Independent|The Independent]]. 21 April 2007. Retrieved 24 July 2007.</ref><ref>Jay, Paul (June 22, 2007). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20070629051007/http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/tech/wikipedia2.html A question of authority]". [[:en:CBC_News|CBC News]]. Archived from [http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/tech/wikipedia2.html the original] on June 29, 2007. Retrieved July 24, 2007.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa 2008, radipolotiki wa [[:en:The_Left_(Germany)|Lekoko la Left]] la Jeremane e bong [[:en:Lutz_Heilmann|Lutz Heilmann]] o ne a bolela gore mafoko mangwe a a neng a a bua mo setlhogong sa gagwe sa Wikipedia a ne a senya leina la gagwe. O ne a atlega go bona taelo ya kgotlatshekelo ya go dira gore Wikimedia Deutschland e tlose lefelo le le botlhokwa la go batla. Se se ne sa dira gore batho mo lefatsheng lotlhe ba bontshe tshegetso e kgolo mo Wikipediang, ga nna le meneelo e mentsi e e neng ya newa Wikimedia Deutschland, mme palo ya batho ba ba neng ba etela tsebe ya ga Lutz Heilmann letsatsi le letsatsi ya tlhatloga go tswa go ba le mmalwa fela go ya go batho ba ka nna halofo ya milione. Moragonyana ga moo, Heilmann o ne a kopa kgotla gore e phimole taelo eo ya kgotla.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/oddlyEnoughNews/idUSTRE4AI7NB20081119?feedType=RSS&feedName=oddlyEnoughNews&rpc=69 "Lawmaker apologizes for blocking Wikipedia"]. ''Reuters''. November 19, 2008. Retrieved November 20, 2008.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2008, Wikimedia Nederland, kgaolo ya Dutch, e ne ya fenya taelo ya ntlha morago ga gore rakgwebo a golaganngwe mo pegong ya "gagwe" le sekebekwa [[:en:Willem_Holleeder|Willem Holleeder]] mme a batla gore pego eo e phimolwe. Moatlhodi kwa [[:en:Utrecht_(province)|Utrecht]] o ne a dumela polelo ya Wikimedia ya gore ga e na tlhotlheletso mo diteng tsa Wikipedia ya Sedatšhe.<ref>[[wmnl:Wikimedia_Nederland_wint_kort_geding_Sijthoff/en|"Wikimedia Nederland wint kort geding Sijthoff/en – Wikimedia"]]. ''nl.wikimedia.org'' (in Dutch). [https://web.archive.org/web/20230131143955/https://nl.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Nederland_wint_kort_geding_Sijthoff/en Archived] from the original on January 31, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2009, fa radipolotiki wa Mojeremane e bong [[:en:Karl-Theodor_zu_Guttenberg|Karl Theodor Maria Nikolaus Johann Jacob Philipp Franz Joseph Sylvester Buhl-Freiherr von zu Guttenberg]] a ne a nna tona ya puso ya bofederale ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 2009, modirisi yo o sa kwadisiwang o ne a oketsa ka setlhogo sa bolesome le bongwe sa Sejeremane ya ''Wilhelm'' se se filweng ka leina. Dipampiri tsa dikwalo di le dintsi di ne tsa e amogela. Fa batho ba Wikipedia ba ba kelotlhoko ba ne ba leka go tlosa ''Wilhelm'', go fetolwa go ne ga busediwa morago ga go nopolwa makwalo wa dikgang ao. Tsheko e ka go ikanyega ga Wikipedia le babegadikgang ba ba kopololang go tswa mo Wikipedia e ne ya bidiwa ''Falscher Wilhelm'' ("Wilhelm yo sele").<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20101204025315/http://wikimedia.de/fileadmin/wiki/Presse/Pressemitteilungen/pm_Medienkompetenz_1.pdf Wikimedia Deutschland press release"] (PDF). Archived from [http://wikimedia.de/fileadmin/wiki/Presse/Pressemitteilungen/pm_Medienkompetenz_1.pdf the original] (PDF) on December 4, 2010.; [http://futurezone.orf.at/stories/1502467/ ORF Futurezone] [https://web.archive.org/web/20090929010706/http://futurezone.orf.at/stories/1502467/ Archived] 29 September 2009 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Retrieved 27 May 2010.</ref> === Dikarolo tsa ntlha tsa ga Wales le Sanger === ''Bona gape: [[:en:Jimmy_Wales#Co-founder_status_dispute|Jimmy Wales § Kganetsano ya maemo a motlhami-mmogo]], le [[:en:Larry_Sanger#Status_as_Wikipedia_co-founder|Larry Sanger § Boemo jaaka motlhami-mmogo wa Wikipedia]]'' Wales, ga mmogo le ba bangwe, ba ne ba tla ka le go duelela kgopolo ya ensaetlopedia e e bulegileng, e e dirisanang mmogo e e neng e tla amogela meneelo go tswa mo bathong ba ba tlwaelegileng.<ref name=":4" /> Sanger o nnile le seabe se se botlhokwa mo go seo jaaka [[:en:Editor-in-chief|morulaganyi-mogolo]] wa Nupedia le modiri yo mogolo.<ref name=":33">Bergstein, Brian (March 25, 2007). [https://web.archive.org/web/20131005002629/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/17798723/ "Sanger says he co-started Wikipedia"]. NBC News. Associated Press. Archived from [http://www.nbcnews.com/id/17798723 the original] on October 5, 2013. Retrieved March 28, 2007. The nascent Web encyclopedia Citizendium springs from Larry Sanger, a philosophy PhD who counts himself as a co-founder of Wikipedia, the site he now hopes to usurp. The claim doesn't seem particularly controversial – Sanger has long been cited as a co-founder. Yet the other founder, Jimmy Wales, isn't happy about it..</ref> Mo molaetseng wa ga Sanger wa matseno wa lenaane la go romela Nupedia, o ne a bolela gore Jimmy Wales "o ne a ikgolaganya le nna mme a nkopa gore ke dire kopo ya go nna morulaganyi-mogolo wa Nupedia. [...] O ne a na le kgopolo ya Nupedia fa e sa le bobotlana ka letlhafula le le fetileng. O mpolelela gore, fa a akanya ka batho (bogolo jang boradifilosofi) ba ba neng ba ka kgona go laola porojeke eno ka lobaka lo loleele, o ne a tla nna yo o itekanetseng mo tirong eno eleruri ke tiro ya me ya ditoro".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20030710141440/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2000-April/000143.html nupedia-l Introduction"]. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2000-April/000143.html the original] on July 10, 2003. Retrieved November 19, 2013.</ref> Sanger o tshitshintse go dirisa wiki go tlamela ka porojeke e e tlaleletsang ya batho ba ba "tshositsweng le go borega" ke dithulaganyo tse di raraaneng tsa Nupedia,<ref name=":31" /> mme a tlhama leina la "Wikipedia" jaaka leina la porojeke.<ref>Terdiman, Daniel (December 21, 2005). [https://www.cnet.com/news/wikipedia-founder-modifies-his-bio/#! "Wikipedia founder modifies his bio".] [[:en:CNET|CNET]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140327233948/http://www.cnet.com/news/wikipedia-founder-modifies-his-bio/#! Archived] from the original on March 27, 2014.</ref><ref name=":33" /> Se se ne sa bonwa ka bophara jaaka tsela ya go thibolola setšhaba se se golang sa Ba-Nupedia ba ba neng ba fitlhela go le thata go ntsha seabe.<ref name=":33" />Sanger o ne a tswelela go dira mo Nupedia fa a ntse a thusa mo Wikipedia (go akaretsa le go kwala dipholisi tse di jaaka "Itlhokomolose melao yotlhe"<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20010416035716/http://www.wikipedia.com/wiki/RulesToConsider "Rules To Consider]". Ignore all rules. [[:en:Internet_Archive|Internet Archive]]. Archived from [https://www.wikipedia.com/wiki/RulesToConsider the original] on April 16, 2001. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref> le "Pono e e sa tseyeng letlhakore"<ref name=":32" />) mme a dira le moeteledipele wa go fitlhelela batho go aga setšhaba sa barulaganyi ba Nupedia le Wikipedia.<ref name=":33" /> Fa a tsamaya ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2002, Sanger o ne a gatelela gore kgang e kgolo e ne e le fela go emisiwa ga go newa madi a seabe sa gagwe, se se neng se sa kgonege ka nako e e rileng,<ref name=":30" /> mme a rotloetsa ba bangwe go tswelela go tsenya letsogo mo Wikipedia fa a ntse a ela tlhoko gore Nupedia e ne e ka se kgone go tshela kwantle ga morulaganyi-mogolo wa nako e e tletseng]<ref name=":30" />. Moragonyana mo ngwageng oo o ne a emisa go tsenya letsogo mo lenaneong lepe la tsone, mme ka ngwaga wa 2004 o ne a setse a tshwaya Wikipedia diphoso phatlalatsa. Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2004 o ne a kwala tlhamo a nganga gore Wikipedia e ne e na le bothata jwa go nna kgatlhanong le batho ba maemo.<ref name=":34">[https://features.slashdot.org/story/05/04/18/164213/the-early-history-of-nupedia-and-wikipedia-a-memoir "The Early History of Nupedia and Wikipedia: A Memoir – Slashdot"]. features.slashdot.org. April 18, 2005. Retrieved August 21, 2023.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2005 o ne a gatisa buka ya dikgopolo tsa botshelo ya dikarolo tse pedi ya tiro ya gagwe ka ga Nupedia le Wikipedia, a tlhagisa seabe sa gagwe mo go di tlhameng le tumelo e e tswelelang ya gore Nupedia e tshwanelwa ke go bolokwa.<ref name=":34" /> Moragonyana mo ngwageng oo Wales e ne ya simolola go kgarameletsa morago go tlhalosa ga ga Sanger seabe sa gagwe mo lenaneong.<ref name=":35">Mitchell, Dan (December 24, 2005). "[https://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/24/technology/24online.ready.html?ex=1293080400&en=431aff478b00239e&ei=5090&partner=rssuserland&emc=rss Insider Editing at Wikipedia]". [[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20071013084516/http://nytimes.com/2005/12/24/technology/24online.ready.html?ex=1293080400&en=431aff478b00239e&ei=5090&partner=rssuserland&emc=rss Archived] from the original on October 13, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref><ref>Hansen, Evan (December 19, 2005). [https://web.archive.org/web/20061230053039/http://www.wired.com/news/culture/0%2C1284%2C69880%2C00.html "Wikipedia Founder Edits Own Bio"]. [[:en:Wired_(magazine)|Wired]]. [[:en:Wired_News|Wired News]]. Archived from [https://www.wired.com/news/culture/0,1284,69880,00.html the original] on December 30, 2006. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref><ref>Finkelstein, Seth (February 12, 2009). [https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2009/feb/12/wiki-answers-wikia "What's in a name? Everything, when you're talking wiki value".] [[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131002212052/http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2009/feb/12/wiki-answers-wikia Archived] from the original on October 2, 2013. Retrieved February 12, 2009.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa 2006, morago ga go thankgololwa ga Citizendium, Sanger o ne a kgala Wikipedia thata, a e tlhalosa e le "e e thubegileng e e ka se kang ya baakanngwa."<ref>Thomson, Iain (April 13, 2007). [https://web.archive.org/web/20070426034156/http://www.iwr.co.uk/information-world-review/news/2187709/wikipedia-broken-beyond-repair "Wikipedia 'broken beyond repair' says co-founder"]. [[:en:Information_World_Review|Information World Review]]. Archived from [http://www.iwr.co.uk/information-world-review/news/2187709/wikipedia-broken-beyond-repair the original] on April 26, 2007. Retrieved April 15, 2007.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2005, Wales o ne a itlhalosa fela jaaka mothei wa Wikipedia;<ref name=":35" /> le fa go ntse jalo, go ya ka Brian Bergstein wa [[:en:Associated_Press|Associated Press]], "Sanger ga a bolo go umakiwa jaaka mothei-mmogo."<ref name=":33" /> Sanger le Wales ba ne ba umakiwa jaaka mothei-mmogo mo dipegelong tse di farologaneng tsa dipotsolotso go tswa mo dipegelong tse dišwa tsa bobegadikgang le, ka ngwaga 2001<ref name=":36">Peter Meyers (September 20, 2001). [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9800E5D6123BF933A1575AC0A9679C8B63&n=Top%2fReference%2fTimes%20Topics%2fSubjects%2fC%2fComputer%20Software "Fact-Driven? Collegial? This Site Wants You"]. The New York Times. [https://web.archive.org/web/20071226154410/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9800E5D6123BF933A1575AC0A9679C8B63&n=Top%2FReference%2FTimes%20Topics%2FSubjects%2FC%2FComputer%20Software Archived] from the original on December 26, 2007. Retrieved April 18, 2007. It's kind of surprising that you could just open up a site and let people work," said Jimmy Wales, Wikipedia's co-founder and the chief executive of Bomis, a San Diego search engine company that donates the computer resources for the project. "There's kind of this real social pressure to not argue about things." Instead, he said, "there's a general consensus among all of the really busy volunteers about what an encyclopedia article needs to be like.</ref> le ngwaga wa 2002.<ref>Wales, Jimmy (August 6, 2002). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20090408184006/http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/xodp/message/1720 3apes open content web directory]". [[:en:Yahoo!|Yahoo! Tech Groups forum post.]] [[:en:WebCite|WebCite]]. Archived from [http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/xodp/message/1720 the original] on April 8, 2009. Retrieved April 3, 2009. I'm Jimmy Wales, co-founder of Nupedia and Wikipedia, the open content encyclopedias.</ref> Pele ga kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga 2004, Wales e ne e sa ganetse maemo a ga Sanger jaaka motlhami-mmogo.<ref>Bishop, Todd (January 26, 2004). [https://www.seattlepi.com/business/article/Microsoft-Notebook-Wiki-pioneer-planted-the-seed-1135376.php "Microsoft Notebook: Wiki pioneer planted the seed and watched..."] Seattle Post-Intelligencer. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200225123302/https://www.seattlepi.com/business/article/Microsoft-Notebook-Wiki-pioneer-planted-the-seed-1135376.php Archived] from the original on February 25, 2020. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, Wales o ne a re, "O ne a tle a ntirele [...] Ga ke dumalane le go mmitsa motlhami-mmogo, mme o rata sereto".<ref>James Niccolai, [http://www.pcadvisor.co.uk/news/index.cfm?newsid=7177 "Wikipedia taking on the vandals in Germany]" [https://web.archive.org/web/20071022165415/http://pcadvisor.co.uk/news/index.cfm?newsid=7177 Archived] 22 October 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. [[:en:PC_Advisor|PC Advisor]]. 26 September 2006.</ref> Go simolola ka 2006, fa Sanger a ne a kwala le go botsolodiwa thata ka ga go simololwa ga Citizendium, o ne a gatelela maemo a gagwe jaaka motlhami-mmogo, le metswedi eno ya pele e e neng e mo tlhalosa jalo.<ref name=":33" /><ref name=":36" /><ref>Heim, Judy (September 4, 2001). "[http://www.technologyreview.com/Infotech/12586/ Free the Encyclopedias!"]. ''[[:en:Technology_Review|Technology Review]]''. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref><ref>Sanger, Larry. "[http://www.larrysanger.org/roleinwp.html My role in Wikipedia (links)]". ''larrysanger.org''. Larry Sanger. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070312163901/http://www.larrysanger.org/roleinwp.html Archived] from the original on March 12, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref> === Dikganetsano === ''Dipego tse dikgolo: [[:en:Criticism_of_Wikipedia|Go Kganetsa Wikipedia,]] [[:en:Litigation_involving_the_Wikimedia_Foundation|Ditsheko tse di amang Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia,]] le [[:en:Reliability_of_Wikipedia|Go Ikanyega ga Wikipedia]]'' * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa 2005, [[:en:Wikipedia_Seigenthaler_biography_incident|kganetsano ya ga Seigenthaler]] e ne ya dira gore Brian Chase a tlogele tiro ya gagwe, morago ga gore Daniel Brandt wa [[:en:Wikipedia_Watch|Wikipedia Watch]] a senole gore ke ene yo o neng a dira diphetogo tseo. Morago ga tiragalo eo, lokwalo la dikgang lwa saense lwa [[:en:Nature_(journal)|Nature]] lo ne lwa dira patlisiso e e [[:en:Peer_review|sekasekilweng ke baitseanape]] go bapisa dipego tsa Wikipedia le tse di tshwanang le tsone mo [[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica|''Encyclopædia Britannica'']]. mme e ne ya fitlhelela gore tsotlhe tseo di ne di lekana ka nepagalo ya tshedimosetso.<ref>Giles, Jim (2005). [[doi:10.1038/438900a|"Internet encyclopaedias go head to head"]]. Nature. 438 (7070): 900–901. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005Natur.438..900G 2005Natur.438..900G.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1038/438900a|10.1038/438900a]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0028-0836 0028-0836]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16355180 16355180]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:4417563 4417563].</ref> <ref>"[http://www.nature.com/news/2005/051212/multimedia/438900a_m1.html The (Nature) peer review"]. Nature. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100410155113/http://www.nature.com/news/2005/051212/multimedia/438900a_m1.html Archived] from the original on April 10, 2010. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref>''Britannica'' e ne ya ganetsa mokgwa o patlisiso eo e neng ya dirwa ka one le diphitlhelelo tsa yone.<ref>Britannica: [http://corporate.britannica.com/britannica_nature_response.pdf Fatally Flawed. Refuting the recent study on encyclopedic accuracy by the journal Nature] [https://web.archive.org/web/20160709053629/http://corporate.britannica.com/britannica_nature_response.pdf Archived] 9 July 2016 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]</ref> Nature yone ga e a ka ya kopa maitshwarelo; go na le moo, e ne ya ema ka natla mo boikanyegong jwa patlisiso ya yone mme ya gana tsotlhe tsa diphoso tse di neng tsa supiwa.<ref>[https://www.nature.com/nature/britannica/index.html "Nature's responses to Encyclopaedia Britannica"]. Nature. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170515025717/https://www.nature.com/nature/britannica/index.html Archived] from the original on May 15, 2017. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Mo tshimologong go ya bogareng jwa ngwaga wa 2006, [[:en:Congressional_staffer_edits_to_Wikipedia|dikganetsano tse di amanang le baithusi ba maloko a Congress ka ga]] [[:en:Congressional_staffer_edits_to_Wikipedia|mekwalo ya matshelo a motho]] tsa Wikipedia di ne tsa tsenngwa mo pepeneneng. Go ne ga lemogiwa gore baithusi ba dipolotiki ba ne ba leka go tlhotlheletsa mekwalo ya matshelo a motho tsa boradipolotiki ba le mmalwa mo Wikipediang. Ba ne ba tlosa tshedimosetso e ba neng ba sa e rate (go akaretsa dipolelo tse di nyatsang le ditshepiso tsa letsholo la ditlhopho tse di neng di sa diragadiwa), ba tsenya tshedimosetso e e ba tlhagisang ka tsela e e siameng kgotsa dipolelo tsa go ba tlotla thata, kgotsa ba emisetsa karolo nngwe kgotsa setlhogo sotlhe ka mekwalo ya botshelo jwa motho e e kwadilweng ke badiri ba bona. Badiri ba boradipolotiki ba le batlhano bonnye ba ne ba amanngwa le ditiragalo tseno: [[:en:Marty_Meehan|Marty Meehan]], [[:en:Norm_Coleman|Norm Coleman]], [[:en:Conrad_Burns|Conrad Burns]], [[:en:Joe_Biden|Joe Biden]] le [[:en:Gil_Gutknecht|Gil Gutknecht]]. Ditiro tse di neng tsa kwalwa tsotlhe e ne e le tse di latelang.<ref name=":27" /> {| class="wikitable" |+ !Mopolotiki !Phetogo e dirilweng !Motswedi |- |[[:en:Joe_Biden|Joe Biden]], Senator wa Delaware |Go tlosiwa ga tshedimosetso e e neng e sa mo tsenye mo seemong se se siameng. |<ref name=":27">Nate Anderson (January 31, 2006). [https://arstechnica.com/news.ars/post/20060130-6079.html "Congressional staffers edit boss's bio on Wikipedia"]. arstechnica. [https://web.archive.org/web/20081012062850/http://arstechnica.com/news.ars/post/20060130-6079.html Archived] from the original on October 12, 2008. Retrieved June 9, 2014.</ref><ref name=":28">Noguchi, Yuki (February 9, 2006). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/02/08/AR2006020802212.html "Wikipedia's Help From the Hill"]. www.washingtonpost.com. Washington Post. Retrieved February 18, 2026.</ref> |- |[[:en:Conrad_Burns|Conrad Burns]], senator wa Montana |Go tlosiwa ga dipolelo tse di neng di mo nyatsa, mme ga tsenngwa dipolelo tse di mo tlotlang e le “lentswe la molemi.” |<ref name=":28" /><ref>Williams, Walt (November 6, 2025) [February 8, 2006]. [https://www.bozemandailychronicle.com/news/burns-office-may-have-tampered-with-wikipedia-entry/article_2b39cf61-340f-5f5b-9933-3e09f3e2de84.html "Burns' office may have tampered with Wikipedia entry]". [[:en:Bozeman_Daily_Chronicle|Bozeman Daily Chronicle]]. Retrieved February 13, 2007.</ref> |- |[[:en:Norm_Coleman|Norm Coleman]], Senator wa Minnesota |Go kwalwa sešwa ga setlhogo gore se mo tlhagise ka tsela e e siameng, go akaretsa go fetolwa ga lefoko “liberal” ka “activist.” |<ref name=":27" /><ref name=":28" /><ref name=":29">Davis, Matthew (February 9, 2006). [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/4695376.stm "Congress 'made Wikipedia changes'"]. news.bbc.co.uk. BBC News. Retrieved February 18, 2026.</ref> |- |[[:en:Gil_Gutknecht|Gil Gutknecht,]] Puthego ya Minnesota |Badiri ba gagwe ba ne ba kwala setlhogo sešwa mme ba tlosa tshedimosetso ka ga tsotlhe ya letsholo la gagwe la ditlhopho e a neng a sa e diragatse, Go dirwa maiteko a le mmalwa la ntlha ka akhaonto e e nang le leina, mme morago ka aterese ya IP e e sa itsiweng. |Mmueledi wa ga Gutknecht ga a ka a ganetsa gore ofisi ya gagwe e ne ya baakanya setlhogo seo, mme o ne a belaela gore tshedimosetso ya Wikipedia e ka ikanngwa.<ref>Diaz, Kevin (August 16, 2006). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20060821074302/http://www.startribune.com/587/story/618899.html Gutknecht joins Wikipedia tweakers".] Minneapolis-St. Paul Star Tribune. Archived from [http://www.startribune.com/587/story/618899.html the original] on August 21, 2006.</ref> |- |[[:en:Marty_Meehan|Marty Meehan]], Phutego ya Massachusetts |Go emisetswa ga setlhogo ka baekerafi e e kwadilweng ke badiri ba gagwe, go akaretsa go tlosiwa ga tshedimosetso ka ga tsotlhe ya letsholo la gagwe la ditlhopho e a neng a sa e diragatse. |<ref name=":27" /><ref name=":29" /> |} * Mo tiragalong e e farologaneng mme e e tshwanang, motsamaisi wa letsholo la ga [[:en:Cathy_Cox_(American_politician)|Cathy Cox]] la go nna [[:en:Governor_of_Georgia|mmusi wa Georgia]], Morton Brilliant, o ne a rola tiro morago ga go fitlhelwa a okeditse tshedimosetso e e sa siamang mo dikwalong tsa Wikipedia tsa baganetsi ba sepolotiki.<ref>Information included the mention of an opponent's son's arrest in a fatal drunk driving crash and allegations of questionable business practices of another opponent. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110524041212/http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2002958137_campaign28m.html "Online postings changed; ex-Gregoire aide resigns"]. The Seattle Times. April 28, 2006. Archived from [http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2002958137_campaign28m.html the original] on May 24, 2011. Retrieved July 27, 2013.</ref> Morago ga go phatlaladiwa mo metsweding ya dikgang, ditiragalo tse di ne tsa fokotsega ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2006. * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2006, Joshua Gardner o ne a senolwa jaaka Kgosi ya maaka ya Cleveland e e nang le tsebe ya Wikipedia.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/GMA/LegalCenter/story?id=1501916 "Student Reporters Expose 'Royal' Sex Offender]". ABC News. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230325084727/https://abcnews.go.com/GMA/LegalCenter/story?id=1501916 Archived] from the original on March 25, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2007, ba-Wikipedia ba puo ya Seesemane kwa [[:en:Qatar|Qatar]] ba ne ba thibelwa ka nakwana go fetola, morago ga go senya dilo ka bontsi, ke motsamaisi yo o neng a sa lemoge gore pharakano ya maranyane a lefatshe le e tsamaisiwa ka tsedimosetso e e bontshang lefelo la motho e le nngwe ya IP. Metswedi e mentsi ya bobegakgang e ne ya bolela ka bonako gore Wikipedia e ne e thibela Qatar go tsena mo lefelong leno.<ref>"[http://www.informationweek.com/story/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=196800476 Wikipedia Founder Refutes Claims That It Banned Qatar]" [https://web.archive.org/web/20071022202210/http://informationweek.com/story/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=196800476 Archived] 22 October 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Thomas Claburn. [[:en:InformationWeek|''InformationWeek'']]. 2 January 2007.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola masome a mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2007, modiri mongwe wa [[:en:Microsoft|Microsoft]] o ne a ithaopela go duela [[:en:Rick_Jelliffe|Rick Jelliffe]] go sekaseka le go fetola dipego dingwe tsa Wikipedia malebana le mofuta wa tokomane ya motswedi o o bulegileng o o neng o gaisana le fomete ya Microsoft.<ref>Bergstein, Brian (January 23, 2007). [https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna16775981 "Microsoft offers cash for Wikipedia edit"]. [[:en:NBC_News|NBC News]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131205062212/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/16775981 Archived] from the original on December 5, 2013. Retrieved February 1, 2007.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2007, lekwalo la dikgang wa [[:en:The_New_Yorker|The New Yorker]] o ne wa ntsha paakanyo e e sa tlwaelegang ya gore morulaganyi yo o tlhageletseng wa [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] le motsamaisi yo o bidiwang "Essjay", o ne a tlhamile motho a dirisa dintlha tsa boitshupo tse di itlhametsweng.<ref>[[:en:Stacy_Schiff|Schiff, Stacy]] (July 24, 2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20060813110914/http://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/060731fa_fact "Annals of Information: Know It All: Can Wikipedia conquer expertise?]". [[:en:The_New_Yorker|The New Yorker]]. Archived from [https://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/060731fa_fact the original] on August 13, 2006. Retrieved April 16, 2007.</ref><ref>Finkelstein, Seth (March 8, 2007). "[https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2007/mar/08/media.comment Read me first]". The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070329052204/http://technology.guardian.co.uk/weekly/story/0,,2028328,00.html Archived] from the original on March 29, 2007. Retrieved April 16, 2007.</ref>Motseleganyi, [[:en:Essjay_controversy|Ryan Jordan]], o ne a nna modiri wa Wikia ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2007 mme a senola leina la gagwe la mmantota; se se ne sa lemogwa ke Daniel Brandt wa Wikipedia Watch, mme a itsisiwe mokwadi wa setlhogo sa ntlha ([[:en:Essjay_controversy|kganetsano ya ga Essjay]]). * Gape ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2007, Barbara Bauer, moemedi wa dikwalo, o ne a sekisa Wikimedia ka ntlha ya go senya leina le go baka kotsi mo kgwebong ya gagwe, e leng Setheo sa Dikwalo sa Barbara Bauer.<ref>[https://www.eff.org/cases/bauer-v-glatzer "Bauer v. Wikimedia et al. | Electronic Frontier Foundation".] Eff.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100412233037/https://www.eff.org/cases/bauer-v-glatzer Archived] from the original on April 12, 2010. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref>Mo tshekong ya ga ''Bauer'' kgatlhanong le ''Glatzer'', Bauer o ne a bolela gore tshedimosetso e e mo Wikipedia e e neng e tshwaya bokgoni jwa gagwe jaaka moemedi wa dikwalo diphoso ke yone e e bakileng kotsi eno. [[:en:Electronic_Frontier_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Molelwane wa Eleketeroniki]] o ne wa sireletsa Wikipedia<ref>[https://www.eff.org/press/archives/2008/05/02 "EFF and Sheppard Mullin Defend Wikipedia in Defamation Case | Electronic Frontier Foundation".] Eff.org. May 2, 2008. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100407223854/http://www.eff.org/press/archives/2008/05/02 Archived] from the original on April 7, 2010. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> mme wa fuduga go kgaola tsheko ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 2008.<ref>[https://www.eff.org/files/filenode/wikimedia/motiontoquashmemo-wikimedia.pdf Motion to quash case (PDF)] [https://web.archive.org/web/20161020140651/https://www.eff.org/files/filenode/wikimedia/motiontoquashmemo-wikimedia.pdf Archived] 20 October 2016 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. EFF.org. 1 May 2008. Retrieved 19 October 2012.</ref> Tsheko kgatlhanong le Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia e ne ya kgaolwa ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola letsatsi le le lengwe ka ngwaga wa 2008.<ref>[https://www.eff.org/cases/bauer-v-glatzer "Bauer v. Wikimedia et al. | Electronic Frontier Foundation"]. Eff.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100713053150/http://www.citmedialaw.org/threats/bauer-v-wikimedia Archived] from the original on April 12, 2010. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo ka ngwaga wa 2007, modirisi mongwe yo o sa itsiweng o ne a [[:en:Chris_Benoit_double-murder_and_suicide#Wikipedia_controversy|tsenya tshedimosetso ya maaka]] e, ka tshoganyetso fela, e neng e tshwantshetsa [[:en:Chris_Benoit_double-murder_and_suicide|polao-go ipolaya ga ga Chris Benoit]], dioura di le mmalwa pele ga ditopo di bonwa ke babatlisisi. Go ribololwa ga tseleganyo go ne ga ngoka tlhokomelo e e anameng ya bobegakgang mme go ne ga begwa la ntlha mo saeteng ya kgaitsadi ya [[wikinews:Death of Nancy Benoit rumour posted on Wikipedia hours prior to the body being found|Wikinews]]. * Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2007, mo dipegelong tsa bone tsa loso lwa motlhami wa setlhogo sa sesupaditshwantso yo o sa tswang go tlhokafala [[:en:Ronnie_Hazlehurst|Ronnie Hazlehurst]], mekgatlho e le mentsi ya bobegakgang ya Borithane e ne ya bega gore o ne a kwala mmogo le ene pina ya [[:en:S_Club_7|S Club 7]] ya "[[:en:Reach_(S_Club_7_song)|Reach]]". Tota e bile, o ne a sa dira jalo, mme go ne ga lemogiwa gore tshedimosetso eo e ne e tserwe mo tseleganyong ya tsietso ya setlhogo sa ga Hazlehurst sa Wikipedia.<ref>Orlowski, Andrew. "[https://www.theregister.com/2007/10/03/wikipedia_obituary_cut_and_paste/ Braindead obituarists hoaxed by Wikipedia"]. The Register. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055525/https://www.theregister.com/2007/10/03/wikipedia_obituary_cut_and_paste/ Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2009, Lefelo la Bosetšhaba la Ditshwantsho le ne la ntsha lekwalo la go emisa le go tlogela tiro ka ntlha ya go tlola tshwanelo ya go kwala, kgatlhanong le morulaganyi wa Wikipedia yo o neng a laisolola ditshwantsho tse di fetang dikete tse tharo tsa setshwantso sa boleng jo bo ko godimo go tswa mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ya Mokgatlho wa NPG, mme a di baya mo [[:en:Wikimedia_Commons|Wikimedia Commons]] [[:en:National_Portrait_Gallery_and_Wikimedia_Foundation_copyright_disputehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Portrait_Gallery_and_Wikimedia_Foundation_copyright_dispute|(National Portrait Gallery and Wikimedia Foundation copyright dispute]])<ref>Kennedy, Maev (July 14, 2009). "[https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2009/jul/14/national-portrait-gallery-wikipedia-row Legal row over National Portrait Gallery images placed on Wikipedia".] The Guardian. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077 0261-3077]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170213165734/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2009/jul/14/national-portrait-gallery-wikipedia-row Archived] from the original on February 13, 2017. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100116135932/http://www.bjp-online.com/public/showPage.html?page=865802 "National Portrait Gallery receives support from BAPLA in its legal fight against Wikipedia]". Bjp-online.com. Archived from [http://www.bjp-online.com/public/showPage.html?page=865802 the original] on January 16, 2010. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref><ref>[https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/arts_and_culture/8151989.stm "Gallery in Wikipedia legal threat"]. July 15, 2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090719231100/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/arts_and_culture/8151989.stm Archived] from the original on July 19, 2009. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>[http://www.metro.co.uk/news/article.html?National_Portrait_Gallery_sues_Wikipedia&in_article_id=702647&in_page_id=34 "National Portrait Gallery sues Wikipedia]". Metro. UK. July 14, 2009. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref><ref>[https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/8156268.stm "Wikipedia painting row escalates]". July 17, 2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090723012706/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/8156268.stm Archived] from the original on July 23, 2009. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Moranang le kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 2010, go ne ga nna le kganetsano ka ga go amogela le go bontshiwa ga ditshwantsho tsa thobalano le ditshwantsho tse di fatlhang go akaretsa le ditshwantsho tsa bana mo Wikipedia.<ref>Schofield, Jack (May 12, 2010)[https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2010/may/10/ipad-apple . "Wikipedia's porn purge, and cleaning up for the iPad"]. The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131104202826/http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2010/may/10/ipad-apple Archived] from the original on November 4, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2010.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20101023073605/http://www.foxnews.com/scitech/2010/05/07/wikipedia-purges-porn/ "EXCLUSIVE: Wikipedia's Parent Company Starts Purging Porn From Its Websites"]. [[:en:Fox_News|Fox News]]. May 7, 2010. Archived from [http://www.foxnews.com/scitech/2010/05/07/wikipedia-purges-porn/ the original] on October 23, 2010. Retrieved October 24, 2010.</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10104946 "Wikimedia pornography row deepens as Wales cedes rights"]. BBC. May 10, 2010. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100618192131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/10104946.stm Archived] from the original on June 18, 2010. Retrieved October 24, 2010.</ref> E ne ya dira gore diteng tsa ditshwantsho tse di fatlhang di tlosiwe ka bontsi mo mafelong a Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia.<ref>"[http://www.mail-archive.com/foundation-l@lists.wikimedia.org/msg10574.html Jimmy Wales – Where things stand now".] May 8, 2010. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121010080055/http://www.mail-archive.com/foundation-l@lists.wikimedia.org/msg10574.html Archived] from the original on October 10, 2012. Retrieved November 28, 2010.</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10104946 "Wikimedia pornography row deepens as Wales cedes rights".] BBC. May 10, 2010. [https://web.archive.org/web/20101130150909/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10104946 Archived] from the original on November 30, 2010. Retrieved November 28, 2010.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa 2012, [[:en:Lord_Justice_Leveson|Lord Justice Leveson]] o ne a kwala jaana mo pegelong ya gagwe ka ga maemo a bobegadikgang jwa Borithane, "''The Independent'' e ne ya tlhongwa ka ngwaga wa 1986 ke babegadikgang e bong Andreas Whittam Smith, Stephen Glover le Brett Straub..." O ne a dirisitse setlhogo sa Wikipedia sa lekwalo la dikgang la [[:en:The_Independent|''The Independent'']] jaaka motswedi wa gagwe, mme tiro ya go senya le Brett Straub (moanelwa yo o sa itsiweng). <ref>McSmith, Andy (November 30, 2012). [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/press/levesons-wikipedia-moment-how-internet-research-on-the-independents-history-left-him-redfaced-8372446.html "Leveson's Wikipedia moment: how internet 'research' on The Independent's history left him red-faced"]. The Independent. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121204151536/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/press/levesons-wikipedia-moment-how-internet-research-on-the-independents-history-left-him-redfaced-8372446.html Archived] from the original on December 4, 2012. Retrieved December 8, 2012.</ref>''The Economist'' e ne ya bua jaana ka [[:en:Leveson_report|pegelo ya ga Leveson]], "Dikarolo tsa yone ke tiro ya sekere le go kgomaretsa e e tserweng mo Wikipedia."<ref>[https://www.economist.com/news/leaders/21567944-somewhat-mediocre-report-could-yet-lead-better-press-rules-britain-hacked-pieces "The Leveson Inquiry: Hacked to pieces]". The Economist. December 8, 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121227113012/http://www.economist.com/news/leaders/21567944-somewhat-mediocre-report-could-yet-lead-better-press-rules-britain-hacked-pieces Archived] from the original on December 27, 2012. Retrieved December 26, 2012.</ref> * Mo bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2013, batshwaedi ba ne ba abelana phatlalatsa ka ditshwaelo tsa go tlhagelela gape ga ditshwantsho tse dintsi tse di hepisang tse di phimotsweng mo Wikipedia fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref>Gray, Lila (September 17, 2013). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20131021064635/http://newswire.xbiz.com/view.php?id=169017 Wikipedia Gives Porn a Break"]. XBIZ.com. Archived from [http://newswire.xbiz.com/view.php?id=169017 the original] on October 21, 2013. Retrieved October 20, 2013.</ref> === Diphetogo tse di itsegeng le mananeo a a tswang mo go tsone === Go na le palo e kgolo ya dikaelo tsa [[:en:Wikipedia:Mirrors_and_forks|seipone tsa Wikipedia le diphetogo tse di itlhaotseng]]. Mafelo a mangwe mo maranyaneng le one a dirisa lenaneo le le laolang sesupaditlhaka sa MediaWiki le kgopolo ya yone, e e neng ya itsege thata ka ntlha ya Wikipedia. Ga go na lenaane le le tlhokometsweng la mafelo ano. Diphetogo tse di itlhophileng tsa dipuo tsa kwa ntle tse di dirisang kgopolo ya Wikipedia di akaretsa [[:en:Enciclopedia_Libre_Universal_en_Español|Enciclopedia Libre]] (ka puo ya Spanish), ''Wikiweise'' (ka puo ya Sejeremane), ''WikiZnanie'' (ka puo ya Serussia), [[:en:Susning.nu|Susning.nu]] (puo ya Seswedishe), le Baidu Baike (puo ya China). Mangwe a mafelo ano (jaaka ''Enciclopedia Libre)'' a dirisa ditetla tsa [[:en:GFDL|GFDL]] kgotsa tse di tsamaisanang le tsone tse di dirisiwang ke Wikipedia, mme seno se dira gore go nne le go ananya diteng le Wikipediang ya puo ya bone. Ka ngwaga wa 2006, Sanger o ne a tlhama [[:en:Citizendium|Citizendium]], e e neng e ikaegile ka mofuta o o fetotsweng wa [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]]. Lefelo la tshedimosetso leo le ne la re le ikaelela “go tokafatsa mokgwa wa Wikipedia ka go nna le tlhokomelo e e bonolo ya baitseanape, gareng ga dilo tse dingwe.” Ka ngwaga wa 2006 gape, motlhotlheletsi wa sepolotiki wa maikutlo a a tlhomameng le mmueledi [[:en:Andrew_Schlafly|Andrew Schlafly]] o ne a tlhama [[:en:Conservapedia|Conservapedia]], e e neng e ikaegile ka MediaWiki. === Phasalatso mo metsweding e mengwe === [[:en:German_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejeremane]] e ne e le ya ntlha go gatisiwa ka bontlhabongwe gape go dirisiwa metswedi e mengwe ya dikgang (go na le mo maranyaneng), go akaretsa le go gololwa mo CD ka Ngwanaitseele 2004[291] le mefuta e e atolositsweng mo sedirisiweng sa polokelo sa CDkgotsa DVD ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2005 le kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2006. Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2005 mogatisi wa Zenodot mbH, e leng kompone e e amanang le Directmedia,e gatisitse buka ya ditsebe di le lekgolo le masome a mararo le borobabongwe e e tlhalosang Wikipedia, ditso tsa yone le melawana ya yone, e e neng e patilwe ke sedirisiwa sa polokelo sa DVD ya bogolo jwa B jwa bosupa ntlha ya sephatlho e e nang le dipego di le dikete tse makgolo a a mararo le ditshwantsho di le dikete di le lekgolo go tswa mo Wikipedia ya Sejeremane.<ref>[http://www.heise.de/newsticker/result.xhtml?url=/newsticker/meldung/67137&words=Wikipedia%20DVD "Neue Wikipedia-DVD im Handel und zum Download"] (in German). [https://web.archive.org/web/20070605174842/http://www.heise.de/newsticker/result.xhtml?url=%2Fnewsticker%2Fmeldung%2F67137&words=Wikipedia%20DVD Archived] from the original on June 5, 2007. Retrieved April 25, 2007.</ref> Kwa tshimologong, Directmedia le yone e ne ya itsise ka maano a go gatisa Wikipedia ya Sejeremane ka botlalo, ka bogolo jwa volume di le lekgolo tsa ditsebe di le makgolo a le borobabobedi tsebe nngwe le nngwe. Kgatiso e ne e tshwanetse go simolola ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2006, mme e fele ka ngwaga wa 2010. Le fa go ntse jalo, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2006, lenaneo leo le ne la emisiwa.<ref>"[http://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/71231 Wikipedia wird noch nicht gedruckt]" (in German). March 24, 2006. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070416131622/http://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/71231 Archived] from the original on April 16, 2007. Retrieved April 25, 2007.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga w 2008, [[:en:Bertelsmann|Bertelsmann]] o ne a gatisa bolumo ya ditsebe di le sekete e e nang le dipego tse di tlhophilweng tse di tumileng tsa Wikipedia ya Sejeremane. Bertelsmann o ne a duela ka go ithaopa Yuro e le nngwe ka kopololo nngwe le nngwe e e rekisitsweng kwa [[:en:Wikimedia_Deutschland|Wikimedia]] [[:en:Wikimedia_Deutschland|ya Deutschland]].<ref>online, heise (March 24, 2006). "[https://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/Wikipedia-wird-noch-nicht-gedruckt-112468.html Wikipedia wird noch nicht gedruckt"]. heise online (in German). [https://web.archive.org/web/20181118200418/https://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/Wikipedia-wird-noch-nicht-gedruckt-112468.html Archived] from the original on November 18, 2018. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Porojeke ya lenaneo la ditaelo tsa sesupaditshwantso mahala le yone e simolotswe go dira gore mofuta o o sa fetogeng wa [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] o nne teng gore o dirisiwe mo [[:en:IPod|di-iPod]]. Lenaneo la “Encyclopodia” e ne ya simololwa mo e ka nnang ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga 2006 mme jaanong e ka dirisiwa mo di-iPod tsa kokomana ya ntlha go fitlha ya bonè.<ref>[https://encyclopodia.sourceforge.net/en/index.html "Encyclopodia – the encyclopedia on your iPod]". [[:en:SourceForge|SourceForge]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070427070452/http://encyclopodia.sourceforge.net/en/index.html Archived] from the original on April 27, 2007. Retrieved April 25, 2007.</ref> ==== Dikgololo tsa difaele tsa CD/DVD/Kiwix ZIM tsa Wikipedia ==== {| class="wikitable" |+ !Kgatiso !Ngwaga !Tlhaloso !Kgolagano ya go laola faele ya [[:en:ZIM_(file_format)|ZIM]] |- |Tlhopo ya CD ya Wikipedia ya ngwaga wa 2006 |2006 |Mofuta wa ntlha wa polokelo ya CD, o o neng o na le tlhopho ya ditlhogo go tswa mo [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipediang ya Seesemane]]. O ne wa phatlhalidiwa ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2006 ke [[m:Interwiki_map/discontinued#SchoolsWPSOSChildren|SOS Children.]]<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20070418030451/http://www.soschildrensvillages.org.uk/charity-news/education-cd.htm SOS Children releases 2006 Wikipedia CD Selection"]. [[m:Interwiki_map/discontinued#SchoolsWPSOSChildren|SOS Children.]] June 4, 2006. Archived from [http://www.soschildrensvillages.org.uk/charity-news/education-cd.htm the original] on April 18, 2007. Retrieved April 25, 2007.</ref> | |- |Wikipedia ya mohuta wa 0.5 |2007 |CD e e neng e na le ditlhogo di ka nna dikete tse pedi tse di tlhophilweng go tswa mo bukeng ya tshedimosetso ya maranyane e ne ya phatlaladisiwa ke [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] le Linterweb. Tlhopho ya ditlhogo e ne e ikaegile ka boleng jwa mofuta wa maranyane le botlhokwa jwa setlhogo se se neng se tshwanetse go akarediwa. E ne ya tlhamiwa e le teko ya go ipaakanyetsa mofuta wa polokelo ya DVD o o neng o tla akaretsa dipego tse dintsi thata.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070427230436/http://www.wikipediaondvd.com/site.php "Wikipedia 0.5 available on a CD-ROM]". April 2007. Archived from [http://wikipediaondvd.com/site.php the original] on April 27, 2007. Retrieved April 25, 2007.</ref><ref>[https://tweakers.net/nieuws/47253/Wikipedia-maakt-cd-voor-internetlozen.html "Wikipedia maakt cd voor internetlozen]" (in Dutch). [[:en:Tweakers.net|tweakers.net.]] April 25, 2007. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070428211831/http://tweakers.net/nieuws/47253/Wikipedia-maakt-cd-voor-internetlozen.html Archived] from the original on April 28, 2007. Retrieved April 25, 2007.</ref> Ditlhogo tsa polokelo ya CD di ne tsa rulaganywa go ya ka ditlhogo tsa tsone. Mofuta wa polokelo ya CD o ne o ka rekwa mo maranyaneng, wa laolwa jaaka [[:en:Disk_image|faele ya setshwantsho sa DVD]] kgotsa [[:en:Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team/Torrent_Project/Version_0.5|faele ya Torrent]], kgotsa wa bonwa mo lefelong la tshedimosetso la lenaneo. |<ref>[https://download.kiwix.org/archive/zim/wikipedia/wikipedia_en_wp1-0.5_2007-03.zim "Wikipedia Version 0.5 at download.kiwix.org"]. ''download.kiwix.org''.</ref><ref>"[https://archive.org/download/wikipedia_en_wp1-0.5_2007-03.zim wikipedia_en_wp1-0.5_2007-03.zim directory listing"]. archive.org.</ref> |- |Wikipedia ya mohuta wa 0.7 |2009 go ya kwa 2010 |Mofuta wa ntlha wa polokelo ya DVD. Kgatiso e e akaretsang ya ditlhogo di ka nna dikete di le masome a mararo tse di tserweng mo mafelong otlhe a dithuto. Go ne ga dirwa tiro ya diatla go tlosa tshenyo ya diteng, mme se sa diega letsatsi la kgololo. E akaretsa ditlhagiso tsa ditlhogo go ya ka maphata le mafelo a lefatshe, mmogo le lenaane la ditlhogo ka tatelano ya ditlhaka tsotlhe tsa puo. |<ref>"[https://download.kiwix.org/archive/zim/wikipedia/wikipedia_en_wp1-0.7_2009-05.zim Wikipedia Version 0.7]". download.kiwix.org.</ref> <ref>[https://archive.org/download/wikipedia_en_wp1-0.7_2009-05.zim "wikipedia_en_wp1-0.7_2009-05.zim directory listing"]. archive.org.</ref> |- |Wikipedia ya mohuta wa 0.8 |2011 |Kgatiso e e akaretsang ya ditlhogo di ka nna dikete di le masome a mane le bosupa le makgolo a le mararo tse di tserweng mo mafelong otlhe a dithuto. Go tlhophwa ga ditlhogo le go tlosa tshenyo ya diteng go dirisiwa ditsamaiso tse di tlhamilweng ke setlhopha sa baithaopi ba ba tswang mo setshabeng sa Wikipedia, mme seo sa tokafatsa thata nako ya go gololwa ga yone. E akaretsa fela lenaane la ditlhogo ka tatelano ya ditlhaka tsotlhe tsa puo mme ga e na go aroganya ditlhogo go ya ka magoro. |<ref>[https://download.kiwix.org/archive/zim/wikipedia/wikipedia_en_wp1-0.8_orig_2010-12.zim "Wikipedia Version 0.8"]. download.kiwix.org.</ref> <ref>"[https://archive.org/download/wikipedia_en_wp1-0.8_orig_2010-12.zim wikipedia_en_wp1-0.8_orig_2010-12.zim directory listing".] archive.org.</ref> |} Go tloga ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo ka ngwaga wa 2022, ga go ise go tlhole go na le ditokololo tse di tlhophilweng tsa dipego fa e sa le ka Mofuta wa Wikipedia 0.8.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 "Wikipedia:Version 1.0 Editorial Team"]. June 12, 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220707222542/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 Archived] from the original on July 7, 2022. Retrieved June 27, 2022 – via Wikipedia.</ref> === Ditsheko === Ka ditsela tse di lekanyeditsweng, Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia o sireleditswe ke [[:en:Section_230_of_the_Communications_Decency_Act|Karolo]] [[:en:Section_230_of_the_Communications_Decency_Act|makgolo a mabedi le boraro ya Molao wa Maitseo a Ditlhaeletsano]]. Mo kgatong ya go senya leina ''Bauer et al. v. Glatzer'' le ba bangwe, go ne ga tshwarwa gore Wikimedia ga e na tsheko e e ka e arabang ka ntlha ya karolo eno.<ref>[http://m.app.com/news.jsp?key=81411 "Judge tosses Matawan literary agent's defamation lawsuit against Wikipedia – Asbury Park Press"]. M.app.com. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref>Molao o o tshwanang kwa lefatshe la France o ne wa dira gore tsheko e kgaolwe ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2007.<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2007-11-05/French_lawsuit|Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2007-11-05/French lawsuit.]] 5 November 2007.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:Oberlandesgericht|kgotlatshekelo ya boikuelo ya Jeremane kgotsa Oberlandesgericht]] (Kgotlatshekelo e e Kwa Godimo ya Kgaolo ya Stuttgart) e ne ya atlhola gore Wikipedia ke "motlamedi wa tirelo" e seng "motlamedi wa diteng", mme ka jalo ga e na molato fa fela e tlosa diteng tse di latofadiwang ka gore ga di kafa molaong.<ref>Paulson, Michelle (December 2, 2013). [[diffblog:2013/12/02/legal-victory-german-court-wikimedia-foundation/|"In legal victory, German court rules Wikimedia Foundation need not proactively check for illegal or inaccurate content"]]. Diff. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230127005533/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2013/12/02/legal-victory-german-court-wikimedia-foundation/ Archived] from the original on January 27, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> == Bona gape == * [[:en:History_of_wikis|Ditso tsa diwiki]] * [[:en:List_of_Wikipedias|Lenaane la Diwikipedia]], le rulagantswe go ya ka letlha la go thankgololwa ga lone * [[:de:Wikipedia:Sprachen#Chronologie_der_Wikipedias_nach_Artikelanzahl|Tatelano ya ditiragalo tsa Diwikipedia ka palo ya diathikele]] (sejeremane) * [[:en:Predictions_of_the_end_of_Wikipedia|Diponelopele tsa bokhutlo jwa Wikipedia]] * [[:en:The_Wikipedia_Revolution|Phetogo ya Wikipedia]] – Buka ya 2009 e e kwadilweng ke [[:en:The_Wikipedia_Revolution|Andrew Lih]] * [[:en:Timeline_of_Wikipedia–U.S._government_conflicts|Mola wa nako wa Wikipedia–U.S. dikgotlhang tsa puso]] == Metswedi == 4n9ffek99dzooijnmcp4uv9gzxvgihm 53597 53596 2026-07-30T02:27:39Z Atsile Edith 11759 Ke senotse tsebe e #Wikipedia25BW 53597 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Wikipedia]], e leng [[:en:Online_encyclopedia|ensaetlopedia ya mo maranyaneng]] e e nang le [[:en:Free_content|diteng tse di sa duelelweng]] e e kwadilweng le go tlhokomelwa ke setšhaba sa baithaopi ba ba bidiwang [[:en:Wikipedians|Wikipedians]], e simolotse ka go [[:en:First_Wikipedia_edit|kwalwa ga yone la ntlha]] ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe (2001), malatsi a mabedi morago ga gore lotshwao loo le kwadisiwe.<ref>[http://whois.domaintools.com/wikipedia.org "Wikipedia.org WHOIS, DNS, & Domain Info – DomainTools"]. ''[[:en:WHOIS|WHOIS]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170417083509/http://whois.domaintools.com/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on April 17, 2017. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone, 2026.</ref> E ne ya gola go tswa mo [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia,]] e leng ensaetlopedia e e rulagantsweng sentle e e sa duelelweng, e le tsela ya go letla go kwalwa ga ditlhogo le dithanolo motlhofo le ka bonako. Ditshegetso tsa maranyane le tsa dikgopolo tsa Wikipedia di tla pele ga seno; kakanyo ya ntlha e e itsiweng ya ensaetlopedia ya maranyane e dirilwe ke [[:en:Rick_Gates_(Internet_pioneer)|Rick Gates]] ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le boraro (1993),<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20120415133700/http://history-computer.com/Internet/Conquering/Wikipedia.html "Wikipedia of Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger"]. History Computer. 2010. Archived from [http://history-computer.com/Internet/Conquering/Wikipedia.html the original] on April 15, 2012. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> mme kgopolo ya ensaetlopedia ya [[:en:Free_as_in_freedom|maranyane e e gololesegileng]] (jaaka e [[:en:Alternative_terms_for_free_software|farologana]] le [[:en:Open_source|motswedi o o bulegileng]] fela)<ref>[https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html#open-source "Philosophy"]. GNU. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131014132149/http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html#open-source Archived] from the original on October 14, 2013. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> e ne ya akanngwa ke [[:en:Richard_Stallman|Richard Stallman]] ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi (1998).<ref name=":1">[[:en:Richard_Stallman|Stallman, Richard]] (1998). [https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia-1998-draft.html "The Free Universal Encyclopedia and Learning Resource (1998 Draft)"]. GNU. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210124065108/https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia-1998-draft.html Archived] from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Kgopolo ya ga Stallman e ne e akaretsa ka tlhamalalo kgopolo ya gore ga go na mokgatlho ope o o botlhokwa o o tshwanetseng go laola go rulaganya. Seno se ne se farologana le diensaetlopedia tsa maranyane tsa motlha oo jaaka [[:en:Encarta|Microsoft Encarta]] le ''[[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica|Encyclopedia Britannica]]''. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe (2001), teseletso ya [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]] e ne ya fetolwa go nna [[:en:GFDL|GFDL,]] mme [[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Jimmy Wales]] le [[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] ba ne ba simolola Wikipedia jaaka lenaneo le le tlaleletsang, ba dirisa [[:en:Wiki|wiki]] ya mo maranyaneng jaaka sedirisiwa sa go kwala ka tirisanommogo.<ref>[http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?WikiHistory "WikiHistory"]. [[:en:WikiWikiWeb|WikiWikiWeb]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20020621221535/http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?WikiHistory Archived] from the original on June 21, 2002. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Le fa kwa tshimologong Wikipedia e ne e akanngwa e le lefelo la go kwala mekwalo le dikgopolo tsa gore kgabagare go baakanngwe Nupedia, e ne ya feta e e neng e le teng pele ga yone ka bonako, ya nna lefelo la go kwala dipego le legae la setlhagiswa sa bofelo se se baakantsweng sa lenaneo la lefatshe lotlhe ka makgolokgolo a dipuo, mme seno sa tlhotlheletsa mefuta e e farologaneng ya [[:en:List_of_wikis|mananeo a mangwe a ditshupiso tsa mo maranyaneng]]. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014), Wikipedia e ne e na le babadi ba ka nna didikadike di le makgolo a mane le masome a ferabongwe le botlhano ka kgwedi.<ref name=":10">[https://www.economist.com/news/international/21597959-popular-online-encyclopedia-must-work-out-what-next-wikipeaks "The future of Wikipedia: WikiPeaks?"]. ''[[:en:The_Economist|The Economist]]''. March 1, 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140408202455/http://www.economist.com/news/international/21597959-popular-online-encyclopedia-must-work-out-what-next-wikipeaks Archived] from the original on April 8, 2014. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015), go ya ka [[:en:ComScore|comScore]], Wikipedia e ne ya amogela baeng ba ba kgethegileng ba feta didikadike di le lekgolo le lesome le botlhano ka kgwedi go tswa kwa United States fela.<ref name=":11">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150317071240/http://www.comscore.com/Insights/Market-Rankings/comScore-Ranks-the-Top-50-US-Digital-Media-Properties-for-January-2015 "comScore Ranks the Top 50 U.S. Digital Media Properties for January 2015"]. comScore. February 24, 2015. Archived from [http://www.comscore.com/Insights/Market-Rankings/comScore-Ranks-the-Top-50-US-Digital-Media-Properties-for-January-2015 the original] on March 17, 2015. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2018), diporojekete tseno di ne tsa bonwa baeng mo tsebeng ba le dibilione di le lesome le botlhano le sephatlo ka kgwedi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200124235329/https://stats.wikimedia.org/v2/#/all-projects "Monthly overview"]. ''Wikimedia statistics''. Wikimedia Foundation. Archived from [[stats:v2/#/all-projects|the original]] on January 24, 2020. Retrieved Phukwi a le lesome le bone ka 2026.</ref> [[File:First_preserved_Main_Page_of_Wikipedia.jpeg|thumb|Tsebe ya boremelelo ya Wikipedia (Sedimonthole a le malatsi a le masome a mabedi ngwaga wa 2001)]] == Kakaretso ya ditso == === Lemorago === Kgopolo ya go kokoanya kitso ya lefatshe mo lefelong le le lengwe e simolotse kwa [[:en:Library_of_Alexandria|lefelong la go bala la bogologolo la Alexandria]] le [[:en:Library_of_Pergamum|Lefelong la go bala la Pergamo,]] mme go na le dilo tsa bogologolo tse di neng tsa tla pele ga kgopolo ya ensaetlopedia e e akaretsang, [[:en:Natural_History_(Pliny)|ditso tse di jaaka Naturalis]] ya ga [[:en:Pliny_the_Elder|Pliny yo Mogolo]], mme kakanyo ya segompieno ya ensaekolopedia e e akaretsang tsotlhe, e e gatisiwang le go anamisiwa kwa bathong ba le bantsi, e simologile ka [[:en:Denis_Diderot|Denis Diderot]] le baitseanape ba Fora ba lekgolo la lesome le borobabobedi la dingwaga ba ba neng ba kwala diensaekolopedia.<ref>Miloš, Todorović (2018). "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/347489594 From Diderot's Encyclopedia to Wales's Wikipedia: a brief history of collecting and sharing knowledge]". ''Časopis KSIO''. '''1''': 88–102. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.5281/zenodo.3235309|10.5281/zenodo.3235309.]] Retrieved October 20, 2021.</ref> Kgopolo ya go dirisa metšhine e e itirisang go feta [[:en:Printing_press|motšhine o o gatisang]] go aga ensaetlopedia e e mosola thata e ka bonwa mo bukeng ya ga [[:en:Paul_Otlet|Paul Otlet]] ya ngwaga wa 1934 ya ''[[:en:Traité_de_Documentation|Traité de Documentation]]''. Otlet gape o ne a tlhoma [[:en:Mundaneum|Mundaneum]], e leng setheo se se neng se ineetse go dira ditshupane tsa kitso ya lefatshe, ka ngwaga wa 1910. Kgopolo e ya ensaetlopedia e e thusiwang ke motšhini e ne ya atolosiwa go ya pele mo bukeng ya ga [[:en:H._G._Wells|H. G. Wells]] ya ditlhamo" [[:en:World_Brain|''World Brain'']] (ngwaga wa1938) le pono ya ga [[:en:Vannevar_Bush|Vannevar Bush]] ya isago ya [[:en:Memex|Memex]] e e neng e dirisa [[:en:Microfilm|filimi e e bolokang ditshwantso ka bogolo jo bonnye]], e a e tlhalositse mo setlhangweng sa gagwe se se bidiwang "[[:en:As_We_May_Think|As We May Think]]" (ngwaga wa 1945).<ref name=":2">Reagle, Joseph (2010). Good Faith Collaboration. The Culture of Wikipedia. MIT Press. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0262014472|978-0262014472.]] Chapter 2: "The Pursuit of the Universal Encyclopedia".</ref> Phitlhelelo e nngwe e ne e le lenaneo la Xanadu la ga [[:en:Ted_Nelson|Ted Nelson]] ya go tlhama ditlhangwa tse dintsi, e e neng ya simolola ka ngwaga wa 1960.<ref name=":2" /> Tiriso ya baithaopi e ne e le botlhokwa thata mo go direng le go tlhokomeleng Wikipedia. Le fa go ntse jalo, le fa go ne go se na inthanete, mananeo tse dikgolo tse di dingalo tsa mofuta o o tshwanang di ne di dirisitse baithaopi. Ka tlhamalalo, go tlhamiwa ga [[:en:Oxford_English_Dictionary|''Thanodi ya Seesemane ya Oxford'']] go ne ga akanngwa ka puo kwa lefelong la dibuka la London, ka Letsatsi la ga [[:en:Guy_Fawkes_Day|Guy Fawkes]], ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele a tlhola malatsi a le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 1857, ke [[:en:Richard_Chenevix_Trench|Richard Chenevix Trench]]. Go tsere dingwaga di ka nna masome a supa go wediwa. Dr. Trench o ne a akanya ka bukantswe e ntšha e kgolo ya lefoko lengwe le lengwe mo puong ya Seesemane, le go dirisiwa ka puso ya batho le batho le ka kgololesego. Go ya ka mokwadi Simon Winchester, "Go dira thulaganyo e, o ne a re, go ne go feta bokgoni jwa motho ope fela. Go bala dibuka tsotlhe tsa Seesemane – le go sekaseka makwalo a dikgang a London le New York le makwalo a dikgang le buka ya tsotlhe a aitseng go bala le go kwala – go na le moo go tshwanetse ga nna 'tiro e e kopaneng ya batho ba le bantsi.' Go tla tlhokega go thapa setlhopha – mo godimo ga moo, se segolo – se gongwe se nang le makgolokgolo le makgolokgolo a batho ba ba sa duelweng, botlhe ba dira jaaka baithaopi."<ref>Winchester, Simon (1998). ''The Professor and the Madman: A Tale of Murder, Insanity, and the Making of the Oxford English Dictionary''. Harpers, p. 106.</ref> Kgatelopele ya maranyane ya tshedimosetso kwa bofelong jwa lekgolo la masome a mabedi la dingwaga e ne ya dira gore go dirwe diphetogo mo mofuteng wa diensaetlopedia. Le fa diensaetlopedia tsa nako e e fetileng, segolobogolo [[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica|''Encyclopædia Britannica'']], gantsi di ne di theilwe mo dibukeng, [[:en:Encarta|Encarta]] ya Microsoft, e e gatisitsweng ka ngwaga wa 1993, e ne e le teng mo CD-ROM e bile e na le [[:en:Hyperlink|dikgolagano tse dintsi]]. Go tlhamiwa ga [[:en:World_Wide_Web|World Wide Web]] go ne ga dira gore go dirwe maiteko a mantsi a go dira [[:en:Online_encyclopedia|mananeo a ensaetlopedia tsa maranyane]]. Tshitshinyo ya ntlha ya ensaetlopedia ya mo inthaneteng e ne e le [[:en:Interpedia|Interpedia]] ka ngwaga wa1993 ke [[:en:Rick_Gates_(Internet_pioneer)|Rick Gates]];<ref name=":0" /> lenaneo le le ne la swa pele ga e tlhagisa diteng dipe tsa ensaetlopedia. Motshegetsi wa [[:en:Free_software|mananeo a sesupaditlhaka sa mahala]] [[:en:Richard_Stallman|Richard Stallman]] o ne a tlhalosa botlhokwa jwa "Ensaetlopedia ya Lefatshe Lotlhe ya Mahala le Motswedi wa go Ithuta" ka ngwaga wa 1998.<ref name=":1" /> Tokomane ya gagwe e e gatisitsweng e ne ya tlhalosa kafa go ka "tlhomamisiwang ka gone gore kgatelopele e tswelela pele go ya kwa dipoelong tse di gaisang le tsa tlholego." Motlhami-mmogo wa Wikipedia e bong Jimmy Wales o ne a bolela gore kgopolo ya Wikipedia e ne ya tla fa e ne e le moithuti wa dialogane kwa [[:en:Indiana_University_Bloomington|Mmadikolong wa Indiana]], koo a neng a kgatlhiwa ke katlego ya [[:en:Open-source_movement|mokgatlho wa motswedi o o bulegileng]] mme a fitlhela [[:en:GNU_Manifesto|Lekwalo la maikelelo le bokgoni la ga Emacs]] wa ga Richard Stallman o o rotloetsang [[:en:Free_software_movement|mananeo a sesupaditlhaka a mahala]] le itsholelo ya go abelana e kgatlhang. Wales gape o akgola tlhamo ya ga moitseanape wa itsholelo wa [[:en:Austrian_School|Sekolo sa Austria]] e bong [[:en:Friedrich_Hayek|Friedrich Hayek]], Polelo ya tlhamo ya "[[:en:The_Use_of_Knowledge_in_Society|Tiriso ya Kitso mo Setšhabeng,]]" e a neng a e bala fa a ne a le moithuti wa pele ga kalogo,<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140930011944/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2006/07/31/know-it-all Know It All - The New Yorker]". ''[[:en:The_New_Yorker|The New Yorker]]''. September 30, 2014. Archived from [http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2006/07/31/know-it-all the original] on September 30, 2014. Retrieved November 7, 2024.</ref> jaaka "e e botlhokwa" mo go akanyeng ga gagwe ka ga "kafa a ka laolang lenaneo la Wikipedia ka gone."<ref>Mangu-Ward, Katherine (May 30, 2007). "[https://reason.com/2007/05/30/wikipedia-and-beyond/ Wikipedia and Beyond]". ''Reason.com''. Retrieved November 7, 2024.</ref> Tlhamo e e gatelela gore [[:en:Dispersed_knowledge|tshedimosetso e kgaogantswe fela ka bongwe]]—gore motho mongwe le mongwe o itse fela karolwana e nnye ya se se itsiweng mmogo, ditshwetso di dirwa botoka ke batho ba ba nang le kitso ya lefelo leo, go na le ke bothati jo bo botlhokwa. Ka nako eo, Wales o ne a ithuta tsa madi mme o ne a kgatlhilwe ke ditlhotlheletso tsa batho ba le bantsi ba ba neng ba ntsha seabe jaaka baithaopi mo go tlhameng mananeo a disupaditlhaka tsa mahala, koo dikai di le dintsi di neng di nna le dipholo tse di molemo thata.<ref>[https://play.acast.com/s/dannyinthevalley/wikipediasjimmywales "Wikipedia's Jimmy Wales: "I have this crazy idea that people will pay for free news]"", Danny in the Valley, January 19, 2018, [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055526/https://play.acast.com/s/dannyinthevalley/wikipediasjimmywales archived] from the original on March 16, 2023, retrieved March 16, 2023 Richard Stallman discussed at 20min, with further Open Source discussion at 16min.</ref> Go ya ka mokwalo wa dikgang w ''[[:en:The_Economist|The Economist]]'', Wikipedia "e simolotse mo tsholofelong ya maranyane e e neng e tlhaola inthanete kwa bokhutlong jwa lekgolo la masome a mabedi la dingwaga. E ne e tshwara gore batho ba ba tlwaelesegileng ba ka dirisa disupa ditlhaka tsa bone jaaka didirisiwa tsa kgololesego, thuto, le go sedimosiwa."<ref>[https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher "Wikipedia is 20, and its reputation has never been higher]". The Economist. January 9, 2021. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0013-0613 0013-0613.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20221231224550/https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher Archived] from the original on December 31, 2022. Retrieved August 29, 2022.</ref> === Go tlhama kgopolo === Wikipedia e ne ya akanyediwa kwa tshimologong jaaka lenaneo la phepo ya [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]] e e neng ya tlhongwa kwa Wales, lenaneo la pelenyana la go tlhagisa ensaetlopedia ya mahala ya inthanete, e e neng ya ithaopela go dira ke [[:en:Bomis|Bomis]], kompone ya dipapatso tsa maranyane e e leng ya ga Jimmy, [[:en:Tim_Shell|Tim Shell]] le [[:en:Michael_E._Davis_(businessman)|Michael E. Davis]]. <ref>[[:en:Marshall_Poe|Poe, Marshall]] (September 2006). "[https://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/ The Hive]". The Atlantic Monthly. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061223004004/http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia Archived] from the original on December 23, 2006. Retrieved March 25, 2007. Wales and Sanger created the first Nupedia wiki on 10 January 2001. The initial purpose was to get the public to add entries that would then be "fed into the Nupedia process" of authorization. Most of Nupedia's expert volunteers, however, wanted nothing to do with this, so Sanger decided to launch a separate site called "Wikipedia". Neither Sanger nor Wales looked on Wikipedia as anything more than a lark. This is evident in Sanger's flip announcement of Wikipedia to the Nupedia discussion list. "Humor me", he wrote. "Go there and add a little article. It will take all of five or ten minutes". And, to Sanger's surprise, go they did. Within a few days, Wikipedia outstripped Nupedia in terms of quantity, if not quality, and a small community developed. In late January, Sanger created a Wikipedia discussion list (Wikipedia-L) to facilitate discussion of the project.</ref><ref name=":3">Sidener, Jonathan (December 6, 2004). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20090221005820/http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20041206/news_mz1b6encyclo.html Everyone's Encyclopedia]". ''[[:en:The_San_Diego_Union-Tribune|The San Diego Union-Tribune]]''. Archived from [http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20041206/news_mz1b6encyclo.html the original] on February 21, 2009. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref><ref name=":4">Sanger, Larry (April 18, 2005). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20090722235956/http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05%2F04%2F18%2F164213&tid=95&tid=149&tid=9 The Early History of Nupedia and Wikipedia: A Memoir – Part] I". Archived from [http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05/04/18/164213&tid=95&tid=149&tid=9 the original] on July 22, 2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061108094801/http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05%2F04%2F19%2F1746205&tid=95 "The Early History of Nupedia and Wikipedia: A Memoir – Part II".] [[:en:Slashdot|Slashdot]]. April 19, 2005. Archived from [http://features.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05/04/19/1746205&tid=95 the original] on November 8, 2006. My initial idea was that the wiki would be set up as part of Nupedia; it was to be a way for the public to develop a stream of content that could be fed into the Nupedia process. I think I got some of the basic pages written—how wikis work, what our general plan was, and so forth—over the next few days. I wrote a general proposal for the Nupedia community, and the Nupedia wiki went live January 10. The first encyclopedia articles for what was to become Wikipedia were written then. It turned out, however, that a clear majority of the Nupedia Advisory Board wanted to have nothing to do with a wiki. Again, their commitment was to rigor and reliability, a concern I shared with them and continue to have. Still, perhaps some of those people are kicking themselves now. They (some of them) evidently thought that a wiki could not resemble an encyclopedia at all, that it would be too informal and unstructured, as the original WikiWikiWeb was (and is), to be associated with Nupedia. They of course were perfectly reasonable to doubt that it would turn into the fantastic source of content that it did. Who could reasonably guess that it would work? But it did work, and now the world knows better.</ref>Nupedia e ne ya tlhongwa mo tirisong ya baithaopi ba ba tshwanelegang le thulaganyo ya go [[:en:Peer_review|sekaseka balekane]] e e nang le dikgato di le dintsi.<ref>Kaplan Andreas, Haenlein Michael (2014) Collaborative projects (social media application): About Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Business Horizons, Volume 57 Issue 5, pp. 617–626</ref> Le fa e ne e na le lenaane la barulaganyi ba ba kgatlhegang ba ba fetang dikete tse pedi, le go nna teng ga ga Sanger jaaka morulaganyi-mogolo wa nako e e tletseng,<ref name=":30">"[[m:My_resignation--Larry_Sanger|My resignation – Larry Sanger – Meta]]". meta.wikimedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230320142105/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/My_resignation--Larry_Sanger Archived] from the original on March 20, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023. I was more or less offered the job of editing Nupedia when I was, as an ABD philosophy graduate student, soliciting Jimbo's (and other friends') advice on a website I was thinking of starting. It was the first I had heard of Jimbo's idea of an open content encyclopedia, and I was delighted to take the job.</ref> go tlhagisiwa ga diteng tsa Nupedia go ne go le bonya thata, ka dipego di le lesome le bobedi fela tse di kwadilweng mo ngwageng wa ntlha.<ref name=":4" /> Ba-Nupedia ba ne ba tlotla ka ditsela tse di farologaneng tsa go tlhama diteng ka bonako.<ref name=":3" /> Di-wiki di ne di dirisitswe gongwe mo boranyaneng go rulaganya kitso,<ref>[https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2013-01-12-chi-archives-aaron-swartz-20130112-story.html "From the archives: Highland Park teen is finalist in web competition]". ''Chicago Tribune''. January 12, 2013. Retrieved August 21, 2023.</ref> mme kgopolo ya tlaleletso e e theilweng mo di-[[:en:Wiki|wiki]] mo Nupedia e ne ya tlholwa ke motlotlo magareng ga Sanger le Ben Kovitz,<ref name=":5">"[http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?BenKovitz Ben Kovitz]". [[:en:WikiWikiWeb|WikiWikiWeb]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070404030625/http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?BenKovitz Archived] from the original on April 4, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007. – see also Ben Kovitz' fuller account which he links from there.</ref><ref name=":6">Moody, Glyn (July 13, 2006). [https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2006/jul/13/media.newmedia "This time, it'll be a Wikipedia written by experts"]. The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070222023201/http://technology.guardian.co.uk/weekly/story/0,,1818630,00.html Archived] from the original on February 22, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007. – While casting around for a way to speed up article production, Sanger met with Kovitz, an old friend, in January 2001. Kovitz introduced Sanger to the idea of the wiki, invented in 1995 by Ward Cunningham: web pages that anyone could write and edit. "My first reaction was that this really could be what would solve the problem," Sanger explains, "because the software was already written, and this community of people on WikiWikiWeb" – the first wiki – "had created something like 14,000 pages". Nupedia, by contrast, had produced barely two dozen articles. Sanger took up the idea immediately: "I wrote up a proposal and sent it [to Wales] that evening, and the wiki was then set up for me to work on." But this was not Wikipedia as we know it. "Originally it was the Nupedia Wiki – our idea was to use it as an article incubator for Nupedia. Articles could begin life on this wiki, be developed collaboratively and, when they got to a certain stage of development, be put into the Nupedia system."</ref><ref name=":7">Sidener, Jonathan (September 23, 2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20071017041126/http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20060923/news_lz1n23wiki.html "Wikipedia co-founder looks to add accountability, end anarchy]". [[:en:The_San_Diego_Union-Tribune|The San Diego Union-Tribune]]. Archived from [http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20060923/news_lz1n23wiki.html the original] on October 17, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007. The origins of Wikipedia date to 2000, when Sanger was finishing his doctoral thesis in philosophy and had an idea for a Web site.</ref> le ke o mongwe magareng ga Wales le Jeremy Rosenfeld.<ref name=":5" /> Kovitz e ne e le motlhami wa diporokeramo tsa khomphiutha mme a nna mo wiki ya ga [[:en:Ward_Cunningham|Ward Cunningham]] e e fetolang wiki go nna "[[:en:WikiWikiWeb|WikiWikiWeb]]". O ne a tlhalosetsa Sanger gore di-wiki ke eng, fa ba ne ba ja dijo tsa maitseboa ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /><ref>Poe, Marshall (September 2006). "[https://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/3 The Hive"]. [[:en:The_Atlantic_Monthly|The Atlantic Monthly]]. p. 3. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061110160718/http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/3 Archived] from the original on November 10, 2006. Retrieved March 25, 2007. – "Over tacos that night, Sanger explained his concerns about Nupedia's lack of progress, the root cause of which was its serial editorial system. As Nupedia was then structured, no stage of the editorial process could proceed before the previous stage was completed. Kovitz brought up the wiki and sketched out 'wiki magic,' the mysterious process by which communities with common interests work to improve wiki pages by incremental contributions. If it worked for the rambunctious hacker culture of programming, Kovitz said, it could work for any online collaborative project. The wiki could break the Nupedia bottleneck by permitting volunteers to work simultaneously all over the project. With Kovitz in tow, Sanger rushed back to his apartment and called Wales to share the idea. Over the next few days, he wrote a formal proposal for Wales and started a page on Cunningham's wiki called 'Wikipedia.'"</ref>Wales o ne a bolela ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2001 gore "Larry o ne a na le mogopolo wa go dirisa maranyane a sesupa ditlhaka sa Wiki" mo bathong ba ba neng ba boregile ka thulaganyo ya Nupedia,<ref name=":31">Wales, Jimmy (October 30, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20140620072830/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2001-October/000671.html LinkBacks]?". Wikimedia. Archived from [[mailarchive:wikipedia-l/2001-October/000671.html|the original]] (Email) on June 20, 2014. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref> mme moragonyana a bolela ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2005 gore Rosenfeld o ne a mo itsise kgopolo ya wiki.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140328235925/http://www.wired.com/techbiz/media/news/2007/05/assignment_zero_citizendium Assignment Zero First Take: Wiki Innovators Rethink Openness]". [[:en:Wired_News|Wired News]]. May 3, 2007. Archived from [https://www.wired.com/techbiz/media/news/2007/05/assignment_zero_citizendium the original] on March 28, 2014. Retrieved November 1, 2007. Wired.com states: "Wales offered the following on-the-record comment in an e-mail to NewAssignment.net editor [and NYU Professor] [[:en:Jay_Rosen|Jay Rosen]] ...' Larry Sanger was my employee working under my direct supervision during the entire process of launching Wikipedia. He was not the originator of the proposal to use a wiki for the encyclopedia project – that was Jeremy Rosenfeld'."</ref> Sanger o ne a akanya gore wiki e tla nna polatefomo e e siameng go e dirisa, mme a tshitshinya mo lenaaneng la go romela la Nupedia gore wiki e e theilweng mo UseModWiki (ka nako eo v. 0.90)e tlhomiwe jaaka lenaneo la "mojesi" ya Nupedia. Ka fa tlase ga setlhogo sa "A re direng wiki", o ne a kwala jaana:<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 10, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414014355/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html Let's make a wiki]". Nupedia mailing list. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Nnyaa, se ga se tshitshinyo e e sa tshwanelang. Ke kakanyo ya go tsenya karolo e nnye mo Nupedia. Jimmy Wales o akanya gore batho ba le bantsi ba ka nna ba fitlhela kgopolo eno e sa amogelesege, mme nna ga ke akanye jalo... Fa e le ka tiriso ya wiki ya Nupedia, eno ke thulaganyo ya BOFELO e e "bulegileng" le e e motlhofo ya go tlhama diteng. Re kile ra buisana gangwe le gape ka megopolo ya diporojeke tse di bonolo, tse di bulegileng thata, tse di ka emelang kgotsa tsa tlaleletsa Nupedia. Go lebega mo go nna gore diwiki di ka dirisiwa ka bonako thata, di tlhoka tlhokomelo e nnye fela, mme ka kakaretso ga di na kotsi e kgolo. Gape di ka nna motswedi o mogolo wa diteng. Ka jalo, ga go na mathata a magolo a a ka nnang teng, go ya ka kafa ke bonang ka teng. Wales e ne ya tlhoma e le nngwe mme ya e tsenya mo maranyaneng ka Laboraro wa kgwedi ya Ferikgong etlhola malatsi a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 2001, ka fa tlase ga karolo ya nupedia.com.<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 10, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030425173342/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html Nupedia's wiki: try it out".] Nupedia mailing list. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html the original] on April 25, 2003.</ref> Se se ne sa sutela kwa wiki e ntšhwa ka fa tlase ga karolo ya wikipedia.com ka kgwedi ya Ferikgonge tlhola malatsia a le lesome le botlhano. Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa, lenaneo la [[:en:GNUPedia|GNUPedia]] la [[:en:Free_Software_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Mananeo a disupa ditlhaka a Mahala]] (FSF) e ne ya tsena mo maranyaneng, e e neng e ka nna ya gaisana le [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]],<ref>"[http://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=9990&threshold=1&commentsort=0&mode=thread&cid=502603 Slashdot Comments | GNUPedia Project Starting]". Slashdot.org. January 17, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220612010030/https://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=9990 Archived] from the original on June 12, 2022. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> mme mo dingwageng di le mmalwa FSF e ne ya rotloetsa batho "go etela le go tsenya letsogo mo [Wikipedia]" boemong jwa seo.<ref>[https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/ "The Free Encyclopedia Project]". GNU.org. 2012 [1999]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121221000617/http://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/ Archived] from the original on December 21, 2012. Retrieved December 20, 2012.</ref> === Go tlhongwa ga Wikipedia === ''Bona gape: [[:en:First_Wikipedia_edit|Tseleganyo ya ntlha ya Wikipedia]], [[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia's_oldest_articles|Wikipedia:Ditlhogo tsa bogologolo tsa Wikipedia]], le [[:en:Wikipedia:First_100_pages|Wikipedia:Ditsebe tsa ntlha di le]]'' ''[[:en:Wikipedia:First_100_pages|lekgolo]]'' Go ne go na le go okaoka mo gare ga barulaganyi ka go bofa Nupedia gaufi thata le kelelo ya tiro ya mofuta wa wiki.<ref name=":4" /> Morago ga gore wiki ya Nupedia e thankgololwe ka fa tlase ga nupedia.com ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 2001,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20030425173342/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html "&#x5B;Nupedia-l&#x5D; Nupedia's wiki: try it out"]. April 25, 2003. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20030425173342/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html the original] on April 25, 2003. Retrieved August 21, 2023.</ref> Wales e ne ya akantshanya go simolola lenaneo le le ntšhwa ka fa tlase ga leina la yone, mme Sanger o ne a akantshanya ''Wikipedia'', a e tlhama jaaka "lenaneo la tlaleletso ya Nupedia e e dirang e e ikemetseng ka nosi gotlhelele."<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 11, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414021138/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html <nowiki>Re: [Advisory-l] The wiki</nowiki>]..." Nupedia mailing list. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Wiki e ntšhwa e ne ya simololwa kwa wikipedia.com ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2001. [[:en:Bandwidth_(computing)|Bophara jwa bogolo jwa kgokaganyo ya maranyane]] le [[:en:Server_(computing)|tsamaiso e e bolokang tshedimosetso]] (e e kwa San Diego) tse di dirisitsweng mo mananeong ao a ntlha di ne tsa neelwa ke Bomis. Badiri ba le bantsi ba pele ba Bomis moragonyana ba ne ba ntsha diteng tsa ensaetlopedia: segolobogolo [[:en:Tim_Shell|Tim Shell]], motlhami-mmogo le moragonyana Mokhuduthamaga wa Bomis, le motlhami wa dithulaganyo Jason Richey. [[Setshwantsho:Jimmy Wales' Mac and the First Wikipedia Edit — "Hello World" (51738433963).jpg|thumb|iMac ya ga Jimmy Wales e ne e dirisiwa go dira tseleganyo ya ntlha mo Wikipedia]] Wales o boletse ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2008 gore o dirile tseleganyo ya ntlha ya Wikipedia, tseleganyo ya teko e e nang le mokwalo o o reng "[[:en:"Hello,_World!"_program|Dumela, Lefatshe]]!", mme se e ka tswa e ne e le mo mofuteng wa bogologolo wa Wikipedia o ka bonako morago ga moo o neng wa phimolwa mme wa emisediwa ka go simolola gape.<ref>Message by Jimmy Wales {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160412003535/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Jimbo_Wales&diff=prev&oldid=258632986|date=12 April 2016}} Wednesday 17 December 2008. Retrieved Saturday 30 January 2010.</ref><ref>Starling, Tim (January 14, 2011). "[[mailarchive:wikien-l/2011-January/108198.html|Hello world]]?". ''WikiEN-l'' (Mailing list). Retrieved June 4, 2022.</ref>Tseleganyo ya ntlha e e neng ya boela mo Wikipedia.com e ne e le ya Tsebe ya Gae ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2001, e e neng e balega jaana "E ke Wikipedia e ntšhwa!"; e ka bonwa [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/908493298|fa]].<ref>Wikipedia's earliest edits were once believed lost, as early [[:en:UseModWiki|UseModWiki]] software deleted data after a month. But on 14 December 2010, [[:en:Tim_Starling|Tim Starling]] found backups on [[:en:SourceForge|SourceForge]] containing every change made to Wikipedia from its creation in January 2001 to 17 August 2001. As of 2019, these were imported into Wikipedia's edit history. Before that, the first edits that had been known were to [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/291430|Wikipedia:UuU]], [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/286342|TransporT]], and [[:en:Special:PermanentLink/11992008|User:ScottMoonen]] on 16 January 2001.</ref> Go nna teng ga lenaneo go ne ga itsisiwe semmuso mme boikuelo jwa gore baithaopi ba nne le seabe mo go tlhameng diteng bo ne jwa dirwa kwa lenaaneng la go romela ka poso la Nupedia ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20030331101007/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000684.html <nowiki>"[Nupedia-l] Wikipedia is up!</nowiki>]". March 31, 2003. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000684.html the original] on March 31, 2003. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Lenaneo le ne la amogela batsayakarolo ba le bantsi ba bašwa morago ga go umakiwa mo lefelong ya maranyane le le naleng tshedimosetso ya [[:en:Slashdot|Slashdot]] ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2001,<ref>"[http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Britannica and Free Content]". Slashdot. July 26, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090114204227/http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Archived] from the original on January 14, 2009.</ref> e setse e umakilwe gabedi ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwo ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref>[http://slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=01/03/02/1422244&tid=99 "Nupedia and Project Gutenberg Directors Answer]". Slashdot. March 5, 2001.</ref><ref>[http://slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=01/03/29/2035230&tid=95 "Everything2 Hits One Million Nodes]". Slashdot. March 29, 2001.</ref> Morago ga moo e ne ya amogela tshupo e e tlhageletseng ya kgang mo lefelong ya maranyane le le naleng tshedimosetso le setso e e rulagantsweng ke baagi ya Kuro5hin, e e rulaganngwang ke setšhaba, e e buang ka maranyane le setso, ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le botlhano.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20011107050810/http://www.kuro5hin.org/story/2001/7/25/103136/121 "Britannica or Nupedia? The Future of Free Encyclopedias]". Kuro5hin. July 25, 2001. Archived from [http://www.kuro5hin.org/story/2001/7/25/103136/121 the original] on November 7, 2001.</ref> Fa gare ga go tsena moo ga batho ba le bantsi, go ne go ntse go na le batho ba le bantsi ba ba neng ba tla go tswa kwa metsweding e mengwe, segolobogolo Google, e e neng e romela makgolokgolo a baeng ba basha mo lefelong e e le nosi letsatsi le letsatsi. [[:en:Mainstream_media|Kgaso ya yone]] [[:en:Mainstream_media|ya bobegakgang]] ya ntlha e kgolo e ne e le mo [[:en:The_New_York_Times|''The New York Times'']] ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2001.<ref>Meyers, Peter (September 20, 2001). [https://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/20/technology/fact-driven-collegial-this-site-wants-you.html "Fact-Driven? Collegial? This Site Wants You]". The New York Times. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20090415232001/http://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/20/technology/fact-driven-collegial-this-site-wants-you.html Archived] from the original on April 15, 2009. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> === Dikgaogano le go dira gore dilo di nne tsa boditšhabatšhaba === Kwa tshimologong ya tlhabololo ya Wikipedia, e ne ya simolola go atologa kwa mafatsheng a mangwe, ka go tlhamiwa ga [[:en:Namespace|mafelo a masha a maina]], lengwe le lengwe le na le setlhopa se se farologaneng sa [[:en:Username|maina a badirisi]]. [[:en:Subdomain|Karolopotlana]] ya ntlha e e tlhametsweng Wikipedia e e seng ya Seesemane e ne e le [[:en:German_Wikipedia|deutsche.wikipedia.com]] (e e tlhamilweng ka Labotlhano kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2001, mo nakong ya oura e le nngwe le metsotso e le masome a mararo le borobedi kwa morago ga nako ya UTC),<ref>"[[mailarchive:wikipedia-l/2001-March/000049.html|Alternative language Wikipedias]]". Lists. Wikimedia. March 15, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140620120726/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2001-March/000049.html Archived] from the original on June 20, 2014. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> mme morago ga dioura di le mmalwa ya latelwa ke [[:en:Catalan_Wikipedia|catalan.wikipedia.com]] (ka oura ya lesome le boraro le metsotso e le supa mo nakong ya UTC).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20010413083954/http://catalan.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=history&id=HomePage "History of the Catalan Homepage]". Wikipedia. Archived from [https://catalan.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=history&id=HomePage the original] on April 13, 2001. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> [[:en:Japanese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejapane]], e e simolotseng e le nihongo.wikipedia.com, e ne ya tlhamiwa mo pakeng eo,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20010420120143/http://nihongo.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=browse&id=HomePage&revision=3 "Nihongo No Wikipedia: HomePage]". April 20, 2001. Archived from [https://nihongo.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?action=browse&id=HomePage&revision=3 the original] on April 20, 2001. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20010331173908/http://www.wikipedia.com/ Wikipedia: HomePage]". March 31, 2001. Archived from [https://www.wikipedia.com/ the original] on March 31, 2001. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref>mme kwa tshimologong e ne e dirisa fela [[:en:Romanization_of_Japanese|Sejapane se se fetotsweng sa Seroma]]. Mo dikgweding di ka nna pedi Se-Catalan e ne e le sone se se nang le dipego tse dintsi ka puo e e seng ya Seesemane,<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Multilingual_monthly_statistics_(2001)|Multilingual monthly statistics]]</ref><ref>[https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C3%80bac&oldid=1 "First edition in the Catalan Wikipedia]" (in Catalan). Wikipedia. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201112014959/https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C3%80bac Archived] from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> le fa dipalopalo tsa nako eo ya ntlha di sa nepagala.<ref>This [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Multilingual_monthly_statistics_(2001)&oldid=192353617 table] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210222221921/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3AMultilingual_monthly_statistics_%282001%29&oldid=192353617 Archived] 22 February 2021 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]], for instance, misses Japanese and German articles such as [https://web.archive.org/web/20010421123743/http://nihongo.wikipedia.com/wiki/Nihongo_no_funimekusu this one] and [https://web.archive.org/web/20010411030440/http://deutsche.wikipedia.com/wiki/Nupedia_Deutsch-L_Sektion this one], both dated 6 April 2001.</ref> Wikipedia ya Sefora e tlhamilwe ka kgotsa mo e ka nnang ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome lebongwe ka ngwaga wa 2001,<ref>The [https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikip%C3%A9dia:Historique_de_Wikip%C3%A9dia_en_fran%C3%A7ais&oldid=34816819 Documentation on the French Wikipedia] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210608194149/https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikip%C3%A9dia:Historique_de_Wikip%C3%A9dia_en_fran%C3%A7ais&oldid=34816819 Archived] 8 June 2021 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] mentions the date of 23 March 2001, but this date is not supported by Wikipedia snapshots on the [[:en:Internet_Archive|Internet Archive]], nor by Jason Richey's letter, which was dated 11 May 2001 (see below).</ref> ka lekhubu la diphetolelo tse dišwa tsa puo tse gape di neng di akaretsa [[:en:Chinese_Wikipedia|Setšhaena]], [[:en:Dutch_Wikipedia|Sedatšhe]], [[:en:Esperanto_Wikipedia|Seeseperanto]], [[:en:Hebrew_Wikipedia|Sehebera]], [[:en:Italian_Wikipedia|Sentadiana]], [[:en:Portuguese_Wikipedia|Sepotokisi]], [[:en:Russian_Wikipedia|Serussia]], [[:en:Spanish_Wikipedia|Sepanishe]], le [[:en:Swedish_Wikipedia|Sesweden]].<ref>[[mailarchive:wikipedia-l/2001-May/000116.html|Letter of Jason Richey to wikipedia-l mailing list]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20140620081721/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2001-May/000116.html Archived] 20 June 2014 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] 11 May 2001</ref> Go ise go ye kae dipuo tseno di ne tsa kopanngwa ke [[:en:Arabic_Wikipedia|Searabia]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20011118054300/http://ar.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?HomePage "Homepage from the Internet Archive"]. Wikipedia. Archived from [https://ar.wikipedia.com/wiki.cgi?HomePage the original] on November 18, 2001. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> le [[:en:Hungarian_Wikipedia|Sehungary]].<ref>[[Wikipedia:Announcements]] May 2001</ref><ref>"[https://www.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=International_Wikipedia&action=history International Wikipedia]". Wikipedia. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa 2001, kitsiso e ne ya solofetsa go ineela mo tlamelong ya dipuo tse dintsi ya Wikipedia,<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Announcements_2001#September_2001|Wikipedia:Announcements 2001]]</ref> e itsise badirisi ka go phatlaldiwa gmo go tlang ga Wikipedias ya dipuo tsotlhe tse dikgolo, go tlhongwa ga maemo a konokono, le go kgaratlhela thanolo ya ditsebe tsa konokono tsa wiki tsa ditsebe tse dišwa tsa wiki. Kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga oo, fa dipalopalo tsa boditšhabatšhaba di ne di simolola go kwalwa la ntlha, go ne ga itsisiwe diphetolelo tsa [[:en:Afrikaans_Wikipedia|Seaforikanse]], [[:en:Norwegian_Wikipedia|Senorway]] le [[:en:Serbian_Wikipedia|Seserbia]].<ref>"[https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:International_wikipedias_statistics International Wikipedias statistics]". [https://web.archive.org/web/20030305012547/http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:International_wikipedias_statistics Wikipedia]. Archived from the original on March 5, 2003. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2002, karolo ya masome a borobabongwe mo lekgolong ya dipego tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia di ne di le ka Seesemane. Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2004, batho ba ba kwa tlase ga karolo ya masome a matlhano mo lekgolong e ne e le Baesemane, mme go dira gore batho ba nne ba boditšhabatšhaba gono go tsweletse go oketsega fa ensaetlopedia e e ntse e gola. Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2014, mo e ka nnang karolo ya masome a borobabobedi le botlhano mo lekgolong ya dipego tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia di ne di le mo mefuteng ya Wikipedia e e seng ya Seesemane.<ref>"[[m:List_of_Wikipedias#Grand_Total|List of Wikipedias – Grand Total (retrieved 2014)]]". Wikimedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20141219233704/http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias#Grand_Total Archived] from the original on December 19, 2014. Retrieved December 20, 2014.</ref> Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2023, Di-Wikipedia tsa Seesemane le tsa Seesemane se se motlhofo di na le dipego di le didikadike di le di le supa fa gare ga tsone, mme mo e ka nnang karolo ya masome a borobabongwe mo lekgolong ya dipego di ne di le mo di-Wikipedia tse e seng tsa Seesemane.<ref name=":12">[[m:List_of_Wikipedias|"List of Wikipedias – Meta]]". meta.wikimedia.org. Retrieved August 21, 2023.</ref> === Tlhabololo ya Wikipedia === [[Setshwantsho:Old Wikipedia.png|thumb|Tsebekgolo ya Wikipedia (Kgwedi ya Lwetse a tlhola malatsi e le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2002)]] Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2002, morago ga go gogelwa morago ga matlole ke Bomis ka nako ya go [[:en:Dot-com_bubble|phutlhama ga dot-com]], Sanger o ne a tlogela Nupedia le Wikipedia ka bobedi.<ref name=":32">Schiff, Stacy (July 31, 2006). "[https://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/060731fa_fact Know It All]". [[:en:The_New_Yorker|The New Yorker.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20081122125817/http://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/060731fa_fact Archived] from the original on November 22, 2008. Retrieved April 25, 2009.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2002, ene le Wales ba ne ba sa tshwane ka dikgopolo tsa bone tsa gore ba ka laola jang diensaetlopedia tse di bulegileng sentle. Bobedi jwa bone ba ne ba sa ntse ba tshegetsa kgopolo ya tirisanommogo e e bulegileng, mme ba ne ba sa dumalane ka gore ba ka tshwara jang barulaganyi ba ba kgoreletsang, dikarolo tse di rileng tsa baitseanape, le tsela e e molemolemo ya go kaela porojeke gore e atlege. Wales o ne a tswelela go tlhoma go ipusa le go ikaela [[:en:Business_development|go tswa kwa tlase go ya kwa godimo]] ke barulaganyi mo Wikipedia. O ne a tlhalosa sentle gore ga a kitla a nna le seabe mo tsamaisong ya letsatsi le letsatsi ya morafe, mme o tlaa o rotloetsa go ithuta go itaola le go ipatlela mekgwa e e gaisang. Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2007, Wales e ne ya lekanyetsa seabe sa gagwe thata go ntsha ditshwaelo tsa nako le nako mo dikgannyeng tse di masisi, tiro ya bokhuduthamaga, go buelela kitso, le go rotloetsa diporojeke tse di tshwanang tsa ditshupiso. Sanger o rile ke "moakaretsi" mme o bulegile mo e ka nnang sengwe le sengwe,<ref>Anderson, Nate (February 25, 2007). [https://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars/3 "Citizendium: building a better Wikipedia"]. Ars Technica. [https://web.archive.org/web/20081020001720/http://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars/3 Archived] from the original on October 20, 2008. Retrieved October 22, 2011.</ref> mme a tshitshinya gore baitseanape ba santse ba na le lefelo mo lefatsheng la [[:en:Web_2.0|Web 2.0.]] Ka ngwaga wa 2006 o ne a tlhoma [[:en:Citizendium|Citizendium]], e leng ensaetlopedia e e bulegileng e e neng e dirisa maina a mmatota a batsayakarolo go fokotsa go tseleganya go go kgoreletsang, mme a solofela go tlhofofatsa "kaelo e e bonolo ya baitseanape" go oketsa go nepagala ga diteng tsa yone. Ditshwetso ka ga diteng tsa pego di ne di tshwanetse go nna mo diatleng tsa baagi, mme lefelo le ne le tshwanetse go akaretsa polelo ka ga "diteng tse di siametseng lelapa".<ref>[http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/CZ:Family-Friendly_Policy "Archive: Family-Friendly Policy – Citizendium]". en.citizendium.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20101120030154/http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/CZ:Family-Friendly_Policy Archived] from the original on November 20, 2010. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>Anderson, Nate (February 25, 2007). [https://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars "Citizendium: building a better Wikipedia"]. Ars Technica. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070324225040/http://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/citizendium.ars Archived] from the original on March 24, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref> === Diteng tsa nako e e fetileng tsa Wikipedia === Dipego tsa bogologolo, le tse di sa tlholeng di dirisiwa, tsa ensaetlopedia di botlhokwa thata mo dipatlisisong tsa ditso .<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20210126035016/https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/12/encyclopedias-are-time-capsules/419619/ Encyclopedias Are Time Capsules – The Atlantic]". [[:en:The_Atlantic|The Atlantic]]. January 26, 2021. Archived from [https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/12/encyclopedias-are-time-capsules/419619/ the original] on January 26, 2021. Retrieved June 25, 2022.</ref> Mo pegong nngwe le nngwe ya Wikipedia, mefuta e e fetileng e ka fitlhelelwa ka kgokagano ya "Leba ditso" e e kwa godimo ga tsebe. Ditso tse di feletseng tsa dipego tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia le tsone di ka laisololwa jaaka [[:en:Wikipedia:Database_download|dithotobolo tsa tshedimosetso]], ka sebopego sa difaele tsa [[:en:XML|XML]] tse di gateletsweng.<ref>Koehrsen, Will (October 26, 2018). [https://medium.com/towards-data-science/wikipedia-data-science-working-with-the-worlds-largest-encyclopedia-c08efbac5f5c "Wikipedia Data Science: Working with the World's Largest Encyclopedia"]. ''Towards Data Science''. Retrieved February 4, 2025.</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, Polokelo ya Faele ya ZIM,<ref name=":8">[[iarchive:zimarchive|"ZIM File Archive: Free Data: Free Download, Borrow and Streaming]]". Internet Archive. Retrieved June 25, 2022.</ref> kwa [[:en:Internet_Archive|Polokelong ya Maranyane]], e na le dinepe tse di feletseng tsa nako e e fetileng tsa Wikipedia mmogo le ditlhopho tsa dipego, ka dipuo tse dintsi, go tswa mo dingwageng tse di farologaneng. Di ka bulwa ka mananeo a maranyane a [[:en:Kiwix|Kiwix]]. Magareng ga dingwaga tsa 2007 le 2011, go ne ga gololwa [[:en:History_of_Wikipedia#English_Wikipedia_CD/DVD/Kiwix_ZIM_file_releases|mefuta e meraro ya]] [[:en:History_of_Wikipedia#English_Wikipedia_CD/DVD/Kiwix_ZIM_file_releases|polokelo ya CD/DVD]] (e e bidiwang Mofuta wa Wikipedia 0.5, 0.7 le 0.8) e e nang le tlhopho ya dipego go tswa mo [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]]. Di ne tsa nna teng jaaka difaele tsa Kiwix ZIM, go tswa mo Polokelong ya Difaele tsa ZIM<ref name=":8" /> le go tswa mo lefelong la go laisolola ya Kiwix.[70] === Phetogo ya letshwao === [[Setshwantsho:Old wikipedia logo.png|left|thumb|Go tlhongwa – kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2001 (teko)]] <gallery mode="packed"> Setshwantsho:Wiki logo The Cunctator.png|Bofelo jwa ngwaga wa 2001 go ya kwa kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a lesome le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2003 Setshwantsho:Wikipedia-logo-v3-en.png|Kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2003 go ya kwa kgweding ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2010 Setshwantsho:Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg|Kgwedi wa Motsheganong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2010 – ga jaana </gallery> == Mola wa nako == ''Dipego tse di sobokanyang ngwaga le ngwaga di tshwarwa mo teng ga lefelo la maina a lenaneo la Wikipedia mme di golaganngwa le tse di fa tlase. Didirisiwa tse dingwe tsa patlisiso di teng mo teng ga dipalo le dipolokelo tsa Wikipedia, mme di kwadilwe kwa bokhutlong jwa pego eo.'' === Ngwagasome wa ntlha: Ngwaga wa 2000 go ya kwa ngwageng wa 2009 === ==== Ngwaga wa 2000 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Bomis-staff-summer-2000.jpg|thumb|Babereki ba Bomis magareng ga dingwaga tsa 2000]] Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2000, lenaneo la [[:en:Nupedia|Nupedia]] le ne la simololwa. Maikaelelo a yone e ne e le go gatisa dipego tse di kwadilweng ke baitseanape tse di neng di tla fiwa tetla jaaka [[:en:Free_content|diteng tsa mahala]]. Nupedia e tlhomilwe ke Wales, a nale Sanger e le morulaganyi-mogolo, mme e tshegeditswe ka matlole ke kompone ya papatso ya boranyane ya [[:en:Bomis|Bomis]].<ref>Poe, Marshall (September 2006). "[https://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/ The Hive]". [[:en:The_Atlantic|The Atlantic]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061223004004/http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia Archived] from the original on December 23, 2006. Retrieved January 1, 2007.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2001 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2001, Wikipedia e ne ya simolola e le lenaneo le le kwa thoko ya Nupedia, go letla tirisanommogo mo dipegong pele ga go tsena mo thulaganyong ya tshekatsheko ya balekane.<ref>[[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] (January 10, 2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414014355/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html Let's make a wiki"]. Nupedia-l mailing list. Internet Archive. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Leina le le ne la ntshiwa e le kakanyo ke Sanger ka la bo kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le le lesome le bongwe ka ngwaga wa 2001 jaaka [[:en:Portmanteau|kopano ya mafoko]] ''[[:en:Wiki|wiki]]'' ([[:en:Hawaiian_language|Sehawaiian]] a a kayang "bofefo") le ''ensaetlopedia''.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20030414021138/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html <nowiki>"[Nupedia-l] Re: [Advisory-l] The wiki</nowiki>]..." nupedia.com. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20030414021138/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html the original] on April 14, 2003.</ref> Maina a kgolagano ya karolo a ''wikipedia.com'' le ''wikipedia.org'' a ne a kwadisiwa ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bobedi <ref>[[:en:Network_Solutions|Network Solutions]] (2007) [http://www.networksolutions.com/whois/results.jsp?domain=wikipedia.com WHOIS domain registration information results for wikipedia.com from Network Solutions] Archived 27 September 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Retrieved 27 July 2007.</ref> le a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro,<ref>[[:en:Network_Solutions|Network Solutions]] (2007). [http://www.networksolutions.com/whois/results.jsp?domain=wikipedia.org "WHOIS domain registration information results for wikipedia.org from Network Solutions] [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927194913/http://www.networksolutions.com/whois/results.jsp?domain=wikipedia.org Archived] 27 September 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]". Retrieved 27 July 2007.</ref> ka go latelana, mme ''wikipedia.org'' e ne ya tsenngwa mo maranyaneng ka lone letsatsi leo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20101006010812/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page "Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20101006010812/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page Archived] from the original on October 6, 2010. Retrieved September 6, 2010.</ref> Lenaneo le ne la bulwa semmuso ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano("[[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Day|Letsatsi la Wikipedia"]]), ka di-Wikipedia tsa ntlha tsa boditšhabatšhaba – dikgatiso tsa Sejeremane, [[:en:Catalan_language|Se-Catalan]], Sefora, [[:en:Swedish_language|Se-Sweden]], le Se-italia– tse di neng tsa tlhamiwa fa gare ga dikgwedi tsa Mopitlo le Motsheganong. Melawana ya "ntlha ya pono e e sa tseyeng letlhakore" ([[:en:Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view|NPOV]]) e ne ya tlhamiwa semmuso ka nako eno, mme lekhubu la ntlha la Wikipedia la [[:en:Slashdot_effect|slashdotter]] le ne la goroga ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le maosme a mabedi le borataro.<ref>"[http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Britannica and Free Content]". Slashdot. July 26, 2001. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090114204227/http://slashdot.org/articles/01/07/26/0312258.shtml Archived] from the original on January 14, 2009.</ref> Pegelo ya ntlha ya bobegakgang ka ga Wikipedia e ne ya tlhagelela ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga 2001 mo mokwalong wa dikgang ywa [[:en:Western_Mail_(Wales)|''Wales ka Sontaga'']].<ref>[[:en:Western_Mail_(Wales)|Wales on Sunday]] (26 August 2001) Knowledge at your fingertips. Game On: Internet Chat.(writing, "Both Encarta and Britannica are official publications with well-deserved reputations. But there are other options, such as homemade encyclopaedias. One is Wikipedia (www.wikipedia.com) which uses clever software to build an encyclopaedia from scratch. Wiki is software installed on a web server that allows anyone to edit any of the pages. On Wikipedia, anyone can write about any subject they know about. The idea is that over time, enough experts will offer their knowledge for free and build up the world's ultimate hand-built database of knowledge. The disadvantage is that it's still an ongoing project. So far about 8,000 articles have been written and the editors are aiming for 100,000.")</ref> [[:en:September_11_attacks|Ditlhaselo tsa kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bongwe]] di ne tsa dira gore go tlhagelele dikgang tse di botlhokwa mo tsebeng ya gae, mmogo le mabokoso a tshedimosetso a a golaganyang dipego tse di amanang le tsone.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20011010233257/http://www.wikipedia.com/ October 2001 homepage screenshot] shows the "Breaking News" header up top, as well as 11 September 2001 block of articles under "Current events"; the [https://web.archive.org/web/20011010230439/http://www.wikipedia.com/wiki/September_11%2C_2001_Terrorist_Attack 9/11] page shows the activist nature of the page, as well as the large number of subtopics created to cover the event.</ref> Ka nako eo, go ne go setse go tlhamilwe dipego di ka nna lekgolo tse di amanang le 9/11 .<ref>Keegan, Brian (November 17, 2020). [https://slate.com/technology/2020/11/wikipedia-september-11-breaking-news.html "How 9/11 Made Wikipedia What It Is Today]". Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210506060557/https://slate.com/technology/2020/11/wikipedia-september-11-breaking-news.html Archived] from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved May 10, 2021.</ref> Morago ga ditlhaselo tsa kgwedi ya Lwetse a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bongwe, go ne ga tlhaga kgokagano ya setlhogo sa Wikipedia se se buang ka ditlhaselo tseno mo [[:en:Yahoo!|Yahoo!]] tsebe ya gae, mme seno sa felela ka gore go nne le koketsego ya pharakano.<ref>Pasternack, Alex (September 11, 2021). [https://www.fastcompany.com/90674998/how-9-11-turned-a-new-site-called-wikipedia-into-historys-crowdsourced-front-page "How 9/11 turned a new site called Wikipedia into history's crowdsourced front page".] Fast Company. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210911121514/https://www.fastcompany.com/90674998/how-9-11-turned-a-new-site-called-wikipedia-into-historys-crowdsourced-front-page Archived] from the original on September 11, 2021. Retrieved September 11, 2021.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2002 ==== Ngwaga wa 2002 e ne ya bona go fokodiwa ga matlole a Wikipedia go tswa go [[:en:Bomis|Bomis]] le go tsamaya ga ga Sanger. Go ne ga nna le go [[:en:Fork_(software_development)|kgaogana]] ga [[:en:Spanish_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sepanishe]], ka go tlhongwa ga [[:en:Enciclopedia_Libre|''Encyclopedia Libre'']]. Jimmy Wales o netefaditse gore Wikipedia ga e kitla e tsamaisa papatso ya kgwebo. Maranyane a sesupaditshwantsho a ntlha a a rwalegang a [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]] a ne a simolola go dira ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsia le masome a matlhano. Go ne ga tlhagisiwa diroboto. Lenaneo la ntlha la kgaitsadi ([[:en:Wiktionary|Wiktionary]]) le [[:en:Manual_of_Style|Bukana ya]] [[:en:Manual_of_Style|mokgwa]] ya ntlha ya semmuso di ne tsa thankgololwa. Batshwaedi ba ka nna makgolo a mabedi ba ne ba tseleganya Wikipedia letsatsi le letsatsi.<ref>Singer, Michael (January 16, 2002). [https://web.archive.org/web/20030316082912/http://siliconvalley.internet.com/news/article.php/3531_956641 "Free Encyclopedia Project Celebrates Year One]". [[:en:Mecklermedia|''Jupitermedia'']]. Archived from [http://siliconvalley.internet.com/news/article.php/3531_956641 the original] on March 16, 2003.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2003 ==== [[Setshwantsho:2003-08-31 English Wikipedia main page.svg|thumb|Tsebekgolo ya Wikipedia (kgwedi ya Phatwe ngwaga wa 2003)]] Wikipedia ya Seesemane e fetile dipego di le dikete tse lekgolo ka ngwaga wa 2003, fa kgatiso e e latelang e kgolo go gaisa, Wikipedia ya Sejeremane, e fetile di le dikete tse lesome. [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] o ne wa tlhongwa. Wikipedia e amogetse letshwao la yone la lefatshe la jigsaw. Difomula tsa dipalo tse di dirisang [[:en:TeX|TeX]] di ne tsa tsenngwa gape mo lefelong la tshedimosetse. [[:de:Wikipedia:Stammtisch München/Archiv/2003|Kopano ya ntlha ya loago ya Wikipedia]] e ne ya tshwarelwa kwa lefelong la [[:en:Munich|Munich]], kwa lefatsheng la Germany, ka Phalane. Melaometheo ya motheo ya tsamaiso ya [[:en:Wikipedia:ArbCom|Katlholo le komiti ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] ("ArbCom") e ne ya tlhamiwa. [[:en:Wikisource|Wikisource]] e ne ya tlhamiwa jaaka lenaneo le le farologaneng ka kgwedi ya Ngwanaitseele a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bone ka ngwaga wa 2003, go amogela metswedi ya mahala ya mafoko jaaka maikaelelo a yone mo dipuong tse dintsi le dithanolo. ==== Ngwaga wa 2004 ==== Letamo la dipego tsa Wikipedia lefatshe ka bophara le ne la tswelela go gola ka bonako ka ngwaga wa 2004, la menagana gabedi ka bogolo mo dikgweding di le lesome le bobedi, go tswa mo dipegong tse di ka fa tlase ga dikete tse makgolo a matlhano kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2003 go ya ko go tse di fetang sedikadike se le sengwe ka dipuo tse di fetang lekgolo kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2004. Dipego tsa Seesemane fela tsa Wikipedia tse di ne tsa dira gore go nne le dipego tse di ka fa tlase ga dikete tse makgolo a matlhano. Dipolase tsa disefara tsa lefelo la tshedimosetso di ne tsa fudusiwa go tswa kwa California go ya kwa Florida. [[:en:Wikipedia:Categories|Ditlhopha]] le dipampiri tsa thulaganyo ya mokgwa wa [[:en:CSS|CSS]] di ne tsa tlhagisiwa. Maiteko a ntlha a go thibela Wikipedia a ne a diragala, ka lefelo la tshedimosetso le ne la thibelwa kwa China dibeke di le pedi ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo. Ditlhopho tsa semmuso di ne tsa simolola tsa boto ya mokgatlho, le Komiti ya Katlholo mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane. Kgaolo ya ntlha ya bosetšhaba ya Motheo, e leng [[:en:Wikimedia_Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]], e ne ya amogelwa. Kopano, ya ntlha ya loago kwa United States e ne ya tshwarelwa kwa [[:en:Boston|Boston]], [[:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/Boston1|ka kgwedi ya Phukwi]]. [[:en:Wikimedia_Commons|Wikimedia Commons]] e tlhamilwe ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola letsatsi le supa ka ngwaga wa 2004 go amogela difaele tsa media tsa Wikipedia ka dipuo tsotlhe. Bourgeois v. Peters,<ref name=":9">"[https://web.archive.org/web/20121221140312/http://www.ca11.uscourts.gov/opinions/ops/200216886.pdf 387 F.3d 1303]" (PDF). Archived from [http://www.ca11.uscourts.gov/opinions/ops/200216886.pdf the original] (PDF) on December 21, 2012. Retrieved November 19, 2013.</ref> (11th Cir. 2004), tsheko ya kgotlatshekelo e e neng ya swetswa ke [[:en:United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eleventh_Circuit|Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo ya United States ya Potologo ya Bolesome le bongwe]] e ne e le nngwe ya dikgopolo tsa ntlha tsa kgotlatshekelo go nopola le go nopola Wikipedia.<ref>Peoples, Lee (January 2010). [http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1055&context=yjolt "The Citation of Wikipedia in Judicial Opinions]". Yale Journal of Law and Technology. 12 (1). [https://web.archive.org/web/20150224051512/http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1055&context=yjolt Archived] from the original on February 24, 2015.</ref> E ne ya bolela jaana: "Gape re gana kgopolo ya gore maemo a kgakololo ya matshosetsi a Lephata la Tshireletso ya Naga ka tsela nngwe a siametse dipatlisiso tseno. Le fa maemo a matshosetsi a ne a 'tlhatlositswe' ka nako ya boipelaetso, 'go fitlha ga jaana, maemo a matshosetsi a ntse a le mo mmala o mosetlha (a tlhatlositswe) go ya go mmala wa lamune mo bontsing jwa nako e e fetileng. makgetlo a le mantsi.'"<ref name=":9" /> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabongwe, Wikipedia e ne ya fetola letlalo la yone la thulaganyetsoruri go tswa go [[mw:Skin:Standard|Tlwaelo]] go ya go [[mw:Skin:MonoBook|MonoBook]], segokaganyi se se neng sa nna sa thulaganyo ya ruri mo mafelong a tshedimosetso a Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref>"[[mw:Skin:MonoBook|MonoBook]]". MediaWiki. Retrieved April 30, 2026.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2005 ==== Ka ngwaga wa 2005, Wikipedia e ne ya nna lefelo la tshedimosetso le le ratiwang thata ya ditshupiso mo maranyaneng, go ya ka [[:en:Hitwise|Hitwise]], ka Wikipedia ya Seesemane e le nosi e e fetang dipego di le dikete di le makgolo a supa le botlhano. Dikgoro tsa ntlha tsa Wikipedia tsa dipuo tse dintsi le tsa dirutwa di ne tsa tlhongwa ka ngwaga wa 2005. Kokoanyo ya semmuso ya madi e e neng ya tshwarwa mo kotareng ya ntlha ya ngwaga e ne ya kokoanya mo e ka nnang di dolara tsa lefatshe la Amerika di le dikete tse lekgolo ya go tlhabolola tsamaiso go samagana le tlhokego e e golang. China e ne ya thibela Wikipedia gape ka kgwedi ya Phalane ngwaga wa 2005. Matlhabisaditlhong a ntlha a magolo a Wikipedia, [[:en:Seigenthaler_incident|tiragalo ya ga Seigenthaler]], a diragetse ka ngwaga wa 2005 fa go ne go fitlhelwa gore motho yo o itsegeng thata o na le mokwalo wa botshelo jwa motho jo bo sentsweng jo bo neng bo sa lemogiwe dikgwedi di le dintsi. Morago ga matshwenyego ano le a mangwe,<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons|WP:BLP]] was started on 17 December 2005, with the narrative "I started this due to the Daniel Brandt situation". [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons&oldid=31753956 Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210609020908/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons&oldid=31753956 Archived] 9 June 2021 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]</ref> go ne ga tlhongwa diphetogo tsa ntlha tsa melawana le tsa tsamaiso tse di neng di diretswe ka tlhamalalo go lwantsha mofuta ono wa kgokgontsho. Tse di ne di akaretsa ntšhwafatso e ntšhwa ya molawana wa tshiamelo ya [[m:CheckUser policy|Checkuser]] go thusa mo dipatlisisong tsa [[:en:Sockpuppet_(Internet)|dipopae tsa dikausu]], karolo e ntšhwa e e bidiwang tshireletso ye seng botlalo, molawan o o gagametseng thata wa dibuka tsa botshelo jwa batho ba ba tshelang, le go tshwaya dipego tse di ntseng jalo gore di sekasekwe ka tsela e e gagametseng. Thibelo ya go tlhama dipego tse dišwa go badirisi ba ba kwadisitsweng e ne ya tsenngwa tirisong fela ka kgwedi ya Sedimontholeka ngwaga wa 2005 mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane.<ref>Terdiman, Daniel. "[https://www.cnet.com/culture/growing-pains-for-wikipedia/ Growing pains for Wikipedia"]. CNET. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055529/https://www.cnet.com/culture/growing-pains-for-wikipedia/ Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Wikimania ya ngwaga wa 2005, e leng bokopano jwa ntlha jwa [[:en:Wikimania|Wikimania]], e ne ya tshwarwa go tloga ka letsatsi la bone go fitlha ka letsatsi la borobabobedi ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2005 kwa ''Haus der Jugend'' kwa [[:en:Frankfurt|Frankfurt]], mme ya ngoka batho ba ka nna makgolo a le mararo le masome a borobabobedi ba ba neng ba le teng. ==== Ngwaga wa 2006 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikimania - the Wikimentary.webm|thumb|Wikimania – Tokomane ya Wikimania, filimi e e buang ka Wikimania ngwaga wa 2005, e e nang le [[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Jimmy Wales]] le [[:en:Ward_Cunningham|Ward Cunningham]]]] Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona pego ya yone ya bo ikadike, [[:en:Jordanhill_railway_station|seteišene sa terena sa Jordanhill]], ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo a tlhola letsatsi ,ka ngwaga wa 2006.<ref>Simon, Matt (March 1, 2012). [https://www.wired.com/2012/03/march-1-2006-english-wikipedias-millionth-entry-pulls-into-the-station/https://www.wired.com/2012/03/march-1-2006-english-wikipedias-millionth-entry-pulls-into-the-station/ "March 1, 2006: English Wikipedia's Millionth Entry Pulls Into the Station]". [[:en:Wired_(magazine)|Wired]]. Retrieved April 1, 2024.</ref><ref>Lemon, Sumner (March 2, 2006)[https://www.computerworld.com/article/2563140/millionth-english-article-posted-on-wikipedia.html . "Millionth English article posted on Wikipedia"]. [[:en:Computerworld|''Computerworld'']]. Retrieved April 1, 2024.</ref> Tlhopho ya ntlha ya pego ya Wikipedia e e amogetsweng e ne ya dirwa gore e kgone go laisololwa mahala, mme "Wikipedia" e ne ya kwadisiwa jaaka letshwaokgwebo la Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia. [[:en:United_States_congressional_staff_edits_to_Wikipedia|Matlhabisa ditlhong a]] [[:en:United_States_congressional_staff_edits_to_Wikipedia|mokwalo wa botshelo jwa motho ya bathusi ba phutego]]– ditiragalo tse dintsi tse mo go tsona badiri ba phutego le motsamaisi wa letsholo ba neng ba tshwarwa ba leka go fetola botshelo jwa motho ya Wikipedia ka ha sephiring – a ne a lemogiwa ke setšhaba, mme se sa dira gore motsamaisi wa letsholo a tlogele tiro. Le fa go ntse jalo, Wikipedia e ne ya tsewa e le nngwe ya matshwaokgwebo a matlhano a a kwa godimo a lefatshe ka bophara a ngwaga wa 2006.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070321033410/http://www.brandchannel.com/start1.asp?fa_id=352 "brandchannel.com | branding news]". March 21, 2007. Archived from [http://www.brandchannel.com/start1.asp?fa_id=352 the original] on March 21, 2007. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Jimmy Wales o ne a supa kwa [[:en:Wikimania_2006|Wikimania]] [[:en:Wikimania_2006|wa ngwaga wa 2006]] gore Wikipedia e fitlheletse bogolo jo bo lekaneng mme a kopa gore go gatelelwa boleng, gongwe se se tlhagisitsweng sentle mo pitsong ya [[:en:Wikipedia:100,000_feature-quality_articles|dipego di le dikete tse lekgolo tsa boleng jwa dikarolo]]. Go ne ga tlhamiwa tshiamelo e ntšhwa, "botlhokomedi", e e letlang mefuta e e rileng ya ditsebe tse di bolokilweng tse di nang le diteng tse di sa amogelesegeng go tshwaiwa jaaka tse di sa bonweng. Tshireletso e e seng kalo kgatlhanong le tshenyo e e sa itsiweng, e e neng ya tlhagisiwa ka ngwaga wa 2005, e ne ya itshupa e ratwa thata go feta ka fa go neng go solofetswe ka teng, ka ditsebe di feta dikete tse di neng tsa sirelediwa ka bontlhabongwe ka nako epe fela ka ngwaga wa 2006. ==== Ngwaga wa 2007 ==== Wikipedia e ne ya tswelela go gola ka bonako ka ngwaga wa 2007, e na le diakhaonto tsa barulaganyi tse di kwadisitsweng di feta didikadike di le tlhano ka kgwedi ya Phatwe a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro.<ref>See the special page: [[:en:Special:Statistics|Special:Statistics]]: 5,078,036 registered user accounts as of 13 August 2007, excluding anonymous editors who have not created accounts.</ref> Dikgatiso tsa dipuo di le makgolo a mabedi le botlhano tsa Wikipedia di ne di na le palogotlhe e e kopantsweng ya dipego di le didikadike di le supa ntlha tlhano e leng palogotlhe ya mafoko a le didikadike di le bongwe ntlha supa le bone, ka kgwedi ya Phatwe a tlhola a malatsi a le lesome le boraro .<ref>Source: [[:en:Wikipedia:Size_comparisons|Wikipedia:Size comparisons]] as of 13 August 2007</ref> Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona dipego ka selekanyo se se tlhomameng sa di le sekete se le sengwe le makgolo a supa ka letsatsi,<ref>From around Q3 2006 Wikipedia's growth rate has been approximately linear, source: [[:en:Wikipedia:Statistics|Wikipedia:Statistics]] – new article count by month 2006–2007.</ref> ka leina la kgolagano ya karolo la wikipedia.org le le mo maemong a bo lesome a a naleng ditiro tse dintsi mo lefatsheng. Wikipedia e ne ya tswelela go bonala [[:en:Category:Wikipedia_publicity|mo bobegakgannyeng]] – [[:en:Essjay_controversy|kganetsano ya ga Essjay]] e ne ya runya fa leloko le le tlhageletseng la Wikipedia le ne le fitlhelwa le buile maaka ka dintlha tsa gagwe tsa boitshupo. [[:en:Citizendium|Citizendium]], e leng ensaetlopedia e e gaisanang ya mo maranyaneng, e ne ya thankgololwa phatlalatsa. Tlwaelo e ntšhwa e ne ya tlhagelela mo Wikipedia, ka ensaetlopedia e e neng e bua le batho ba go itsege ga bone go neng go tswa mo go nneng motsayakarolo mo kgannyeng ya dikgang ka go oketsa kaelo go tswa mo leineng la bone go ya kwa kgannyeng e kgolo, go na le go tlhama pego e e tlhaolegileng ya mokwalo wa botshelo jwa motho.[<ref>e.g., cases such as [[:en:Crystal_Mangum|Crystal Mangum]] and Daniel Brandt.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2007, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona pego ya yone ya didikadike di le pedi, [[:en:El_Hormiguero|''El Hormiguero'']].<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20170708005830/https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Press_releases/Wikipedia_Reaches_2_Million_Articles English Wikipedia Reaches 2 Million Articles"]. [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]]. September 9, 2007. Archived from [[foundationsite:wiki/Press_releases/Wikipedia_Reaches_2_Million_Articles|the original]] on July 8, 2017. Retrieved June 3, 2012.</ref> Go ne ga nna le kganetsano nngwe kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2007 fa [[:en:Volapük_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Volapük]] e ne e tlola go tswa ko dipegong di le makgolo a supa, masome a borobabongwe le bosupa go ya go feta dikete tse lekgolo le bongwe le dikete tse pedi, ka bokhutshwane ya nna kgatiso ya bo lesome le botlhano e kgolo go gaisa tsotlhe ya Wikipedia, ka ntlha ya go tlhamiwa ga ditlhogo tse di itirisang ke motlhoafaledi wa puo e e agilweng ya [[:en:Volapük|Volapük]]<ref>"[http://www.pcworld.pl/artykuly/56502/MySpace.kontra.Facebook.html#t_34252 Ciekawe wydarzenia w Internecie]". PC World (Polish) (in Polish). December 1, 2007. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131106024950/http://www.pcworld.pl/artykuly/56502/MySpace.kontra.Facebook.html#t_34252 Archived] from the original on November 6, 2013. Retrieved April 26, 2013.</ref><ref>Yves Nevelsteen (September 15, 2007). [http://www.liberafolio.org/2007/volapukapedio "Volapuko jam superas Esperanton en Vikipedio"]. Libera Folio (in Esperanto). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130329091247/http://www.liberafolio.org/2007/volapukapedio Archived] from the original on March 29, 2013. Retrieved April 26, 2013.</ref>. Go ya ka [[:en:MIT_Technology_Review|''MIT Technology Review,'']] palo ya barulaganyi ba ba tlhagafetseng ka bontsi jwa dinako mo Wikipedia ya puo ya Seesemane e ne ya fitlha kwa setlhoeng ka ngwaga wa 2007 go feta dikete tse masome a matlhano le bongwe, mme fa e sa le ka nako eo e ntse e fokotsega.<ref>Simonite, Tom (October 22, 2013). "[https://www.technologyreview.com/2013/10/22/175674/the-decline-of-wikipedia/ The Decline of Wikipedia]". [[:en:MIT_Technology_Review|MIT Technology Review]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220731083716/https://www.technologyreview.com/2013/10/22/175674/the-decline-of-wikipedia/ Archived] from the original on July 31, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2020.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang kangwaga wa 2007, go ne ga gatisiwa tokololo ya tlhopho ya pego ya Wikipedia ya Mofuta wa 0.5.<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 Wikipedia:Version 1.0 Editorial Team]", Wikipedia, June 12, 2022, [https://web.archive.org/web/20220707222542/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 archived] from the original on July 7, 2022, retrieved June 25, 2022</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2008 ==== [[:en:WikiProject|Mananeo a Wiki]] a a farologaneng mo mafelong a le mantsi a ne a tswelela go atolosa le go tokafatsa diteng tsa pego mo teng ga bogolo jwa tsone. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2008, go ne ga tlhamiwa pego ya Wikipedia ya didikadike di le lesome, mme kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya feta dipego di le didikadike di le dikete tse pedi le botlhano. ==== Ngwaga wa 2009 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2009 ka oura ya masome a mabedi le bobedi le metsotso e le lesome le botlhano mo nakong ya UTC, morago [[:en:Death_of_Michael_Jackson|ga loso lwa ga Michael Jackson]], lefelo la tshedimosetso le ne la phutlhama ka nakwana. [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] o begile gore go ne ga nna le baeng ba ba ka nnang didikadike ba ba neng ba le kwa mokwalong wa botshelo jwa ga Jackson mo lobakeng lwa oura e le nngwe, gongwe e le baeng ba bantsi mo lobakeng lwa oura e le nngwe ba ba neng ba le kwa pegong epe fela mo ditsong tsa Wikipedia. Kwa bokhutlong jwa kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2009, palo ya dipego mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia e ne e fetile didikadike di le lesome le bone .<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140305100104/https://stats.wikimedia.org/EN/TablesArticlesTotal.htm Wikipedia Statistics, Article count (official)]". Wikimedia.org. Archived from [[stats:EN/TablesArticlesTotal.htm|the original]] on March 5, 2014.</ref> Setlhogo sa didikadike di le tharo mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane, [[:en:Beate_Eriksen|Beate Eriksen]], se tlhamilwe ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2009 ka nako ya oura ya bone le metsotso e le metlhano, go ya ka Nako ya Lefatshelotlhe e e Rulagantsweng (UTC).<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2009-08-17/News_and_notes&oldid=309138115 Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2009-08-17/News and notes"], Wikipedia, August 20, 2009, [https://web.archive.org/web/20210609111443/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2009-08-17/News_and_notes&oldid=309138115 archived] from the original on June 9, 2021, retrieved March 16, 2023</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2009, Wikipedia ya Sejeremane e ne ya feta dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe, mme ya nna kgatiso ya bobedi morago ga Wikipedia ya Seesemane go dira jalo. Setlhogo sa [[:en:Time_(magazine)|''TIME'']] se ne sa kwala Wikipedia mo gare ga mafelo a tshedimosetso a a gaisang tsa ngwaga wa 2009.<ref>"[http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1918031_1918016_1917948,00.html Wikipedia – 50 Best Websites 2009]" [https://web.archive.org/web/20111202174857/http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1918031_1918016_1917948,00.html Archived] 2 December 2011 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. TIME. 24 August 2009. Retrieved 24 November 2011.</ref> Diteng tsa Wikipedia di ne tsa fiwa tetla ka fa tlase ga tetla ya [[:en:Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike|Creative Commons ya go Abelana]] ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref>"[[m:Licensing_update/Timeline|Licensing update/Timeline – Meta".]] meta.wikimedia.org. October 30, 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220817062932/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Licensing_update/Timeline Archived] from the original on August 17, 2022. Retrieved August 29, 2022.</ref> === Ngwagasome wa bobedi: ngwaga wa 2010 go ya kwa ngwageng wa 2019 === ==== Ngwaga wa 2010 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a masome a mabedi le bone, ditsamaiso tse di bolokang ditshedimosetso tsa Wikipedia tsa karolo kgolo ya lefatshe e e naleng mafatshe ya Europe di ne tsa tswa mo maranyaneng ka ntlha ya bothata jwa go gotela thata. [[:en:Failover|Go palelwa]] ke ditsamaiso tsa poloko ya tshedimosetso kwa Florida go ne ga itshupa go robegile, ga dira gore tharabololo ya [[:en:Domain_Name_System|DNS]] ya Wikipedia e palelwe go ralala lefatshe. Bothata bo ne jwa rarabololwa ka bonako, mme ka ntlha ya ditlamorago tsa go boloka DNS, mafelo mangwe a ne a le bonya go kgona go bona Wikipedia gape go feta a mangwe.<ref>Bergsma, Mark (March 24, 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20100327123357/http://techblog.wikimedia.org/2010/03/global-outage-cooling-failure-and-dns/ "Global Outage (cooling failure and DNS)"]. Wikimedia Technical Blog. Archived from [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2010/03/global-outage-cooling-failure-and-dns/ the original] on March 27, 2010. Retrieved March 30, 2010.</ref><ref>Perez, Juan Carlos (March 25, 2010). [https://www.pcworld.com/article/192410/wikipedia_suffers_global_collapse.html "Wikipedia Suffers Global Collapse"]. PC World. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100329132858/http://www.pcworld.com/article/192410/wikipedia_suffers_global_collapse.html Archived] from the original on March 29, 2010. Retrieved March 30, 2010.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganonga tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro, lefelo la tshedimosetso le ne la golola sebopego se sesha sa yone. Dikarolo tse disha di ne di akaretsa letshwao le le ntšha, didirisiwa tse di ntšha tsa go tsamaya mo lefelong la tshedimosetso le, le sedirisiwa sa go thusa go tlhama dikgokagano<ref name=":17">"[https://web.archive.org/web/20100822062045/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special%3AUsabilityInitiativePrefSwitch New features]". [[:en:Wikipedia|Wikipedia]]. Archived from [[:en:Special:UsabilityInitiativePrefSwitch|the original]] on August 22, 2010. Retrieved September 6, 2010.</ref>. Le fa go ntse jalo, sebopego sa bogologolo se ne sa tswelela se le teng gore se dirisiwe ke ba ba neng ba batla go tswelela ba se dirisa. Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bobedi, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya feta palo ya ditlhogo di le didikadike di le dikete tse tharo le botlhano fa setlhogo sa sedikadike sa ntlha sa Wikipedia ya Sefora se ne sa tlhamiwa ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bongwe. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro, go ne ga dirwa tokafatso ya sedikadike ya ntlha mo mananeong otlhe a Wikimedia. Mo tshimologong ya ngwaga wa 2010, go ne ga gatisiwa kgatiso ya Wikipedia Version 0.7, e e neng e na le tlhopho ya dipego.<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 Wikipedia:Version 1.0 Editorial Team"], Wikipedia, June 12, 2022, [https://web.archive.org/web/20220707222542/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 archived] from the original on July 7, 2022, retrieved June 25, 2022</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2011 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Armwikicake.png|thumb|Nngwe ya [[c:Wikipedia 10 Photo gallery#Wikipedia_10_Cakes|dikuku di le mmalwa]] tse di dirilweng go keteka ngwaga wa bo lesome wa Wikipedia ka ngwaga wa 2011<ref>[[tenwiki:Main_Page|"Wikipedia 10"]]. Ten.wikipedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131231212611/http://ten.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page Archived] from the original on December 31, 2013. Retrieved February 26, 2014.</ref>]] Wikipedia le badirisi ba yone ba ne ba tshwara meletlo e le mentsi lefatshe ka bophara go gopola [[:en:Wikipedia:10_years_of_Wikipedia|ngwaga wa bo]] [[:en:Wikipedia:10_years_of_Wikipedia|lesome]] wa lefelo leo ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano.<ref>Wikipedia celebrates a decade of edit wars, controversy, and Internet dominance [http://www.networkworld.com/news/2011/011111-wikipedia-decade.html?hpg1=bn networkworld.com] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120315204326/http://www.networkworld.com/news/2011/011111-wikipedia-decade.html?hpg1=bn Archived] 15 March 2012 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]</ref> Lefelo leo le ne la simolola maiteko a go atolosa kgolo ya lone kwa India, mme la tshwara bokopano jwa lone jwa ntlha jwa India kwa Mumbai ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2011.<ref>Vaidyanathan, Rajini (November 19, 2011). [https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-15803308 "Wikipedia hosts India conference amid expansion push"]. BBC News. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055525/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-15803308 Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN1116765620110112 "Wikipedia, 10 years old, targets India]". Reuters. January 12, 2011. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110114211053/http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN1116765620110112 Archived] from the original on January 14, 2011. Retrieved January 13, 2011.</ref> [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] e fetile letshwao la dipego di le didikadike di le dikete tse tharo le botlhano ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a mabedi, mme ya fitlha go dipego di le didikadike di le dikete tse tharo le borobabobedi ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola malatsia le lesome le borobabobedi. Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola malatsia le supa ka ngwaga wa 2011, [[:en:German_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejeremane]] e ne ya feta diphetogo tsa ditsebe di le didikadike di le lekgolo, mme ya nna kgatiso ya bobedi ya puo go dira jalo morago ga kgatiso ya Seesemane, e e neng ya fitlhelela diphetogo tsa ditsebe di le didikadike di le makgolo a matlhano ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola malatsi a le masome le bobedile bone ka ngwaga wa 2011. [[:en:Dutch_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sedatšhe]] e ne ya feta dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le lesomele bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2011 e nna kgatiso ya bone go dira jalo. Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo a tlhola malatsi a le mararo ka ngwaga wa 2011, go ne ga gatisiwa kgololo ya tlhopho ya pego ya Wikipedia ya Mofuta wa 0.8.<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_0.8&oldid=998970578 Wikipedia:Version 0.8"], Wikipedia, January 7, 2021, [https://web.archive.org/web/20220705013507/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_0.8&oldid=998970578 archived] from the original on July 5, 2022, retrieved June 25, 2022</ref> Setempe sa "Wikimania 2011 – Haifa, Iseraele" se ne sa ntshiwa ke Israel Post ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola malatsi a le mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2011. Se e ne e le setempe sa ntlha se se neng se neetswe lenaneo le le amanang le Wikimedia. Magareng ga malatsi a mane le borataro a kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2011, [[:en:Italian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Italy]] e ne ya nna e e sa fitlhelegeng ka bomo go ipelaetsa kgatlhanong le molao o o tshitshintsweng wa [[:en:Italian_Parliament|Palamente ya Italy]] wa [[:en:DDL_intercettazioni|DDL intercettazioni]], o, fa o ka amogelwa, o neng o tla letla motho ope fela go pateletsa mafelo a tshedimosetso go ntsha tshedimosetso e e tsewang e le e e seng boammaaruri kgotsa e e kgopisang, kwantle ga go ntsha bosupi.<ref>[https://www.pcmag.com/archive/italian-wikipedia-hidden-to-protest-wiretap-law-288689 "Italian Wikipedia Hidden To Protest WireTap Law"]. PC Magazine. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055529/https://www.pcmag.com/archive/italian-wikipedia-hidden-to-protest-wiretap-law-288689 Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Gape ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2011, Wikimedia e ne ya itsise go simololwa ga [[:en:Wikipedia_Zero|Wikipedia Zero]], e leng letsholo la go kgontsha phitlhelelo ya mahala ya megala ya mosokela tsebeng mo Wikipedia mo ditshebang tse di tlhabologang ka tirisanommogo le badirisi ba megala ya mosokela tsebeng.<ref>Kapoor, Amit (October 26, 2011). [https://blog.wikimedia.org/2011/10/26/wikipedia-seeks-global-operator-partners-to-enable-free-access/ "Wikipedia seeks global operator partners to enable free access]". Wikimedia blog. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150717070411/http://blog.wikimedia.org/2011/10/26/wikipedia-seeks-global-operator-partners-to-enable-free-access/ Archived] from the original on July 17, 2015.</ref><ref>"[[mw:Wikipedia_Zero|Wikipedia Zero]]". MediaWiki. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120529101704/http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikipedia_Zero Archived] from the original on May 29, 2012. Retrieved May 27, 2012.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2012 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikimedia Foundation Wikipedia Blackout SOPA January 18, 2012.theora.ogv|thumb|Babereki ba kwa [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlhong wa Wikimedia]] ka nako ya fa go ne go kgaoga emisiwa tirelo ya lefelo la tshedimosetso mo SOPA]] Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlholamalatsi a le lesome le borataro, motlhami-mmogo wa Wikipedia [[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Jimmy Wales]] o ne a itsise gore Wikipedia ya Seesemane e tla [[:en:2012_Wikipedia_blackout|tswallwa ruri]] dioura di le masome a mabedi le bone ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e le lesome le borobabobedi jaaka karolo ya boipelaetso jo bo neng bo ikaeletse go bitsa tlhokomelo ya setšhaba mo Molaong o o tshitshintsweng wa go [[:en:Stop_Online_Piracy_Act|Emisa Borukhutlhi jwa Inthanete]] le [[:en:PROTECT_IP_Act|Molao wa PROTECT IP]] , e leng melao e mebedi e e [[:en:Copyright_infringement|kgatlhanong le borukhutlhi jwa dithoto tsa bakwadi]] jwa [[:en:United_States_Congress|puthego ya United States]] ka fa tlase ga ngangisano. Ba ne ba bitsa kemiso ya tirelo ye ya lefelo la tshedimosetso "tshwetso ya baagi", Wales le baganetsi ba bangwe ba melao ba ne ba dumela gore e tla tsenya puo e e gololesegileng le boitshimololedi jwa mo inthaneteng mo kotsing.<ref>Ortenzi, T. J. (January 17, 2012). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/blogpost/post/wikipedia-blackout-coming-jan-18-says-co-founder-jimmy-wales/2012/01/16/gIQAh2Ke3P_blog.html "Wikipedia blackout coming Wednesday, says co-founder Jimmy Wales"]. The Washington Post. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160306052240/https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/blogpost/post/wikipedia-blackout-coming-jan-18-says-co-founder-jimmy-wales/2012/01/16/gIQAh2Ke3P_blog.html Archived] from the original on March 6, 2016. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Go emisa tirelo ga nakwana mo go tshwanang le mo go ne ga dirwa ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome ke [[:en:Russian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Russia,]] go ipelaetsa kgatlhanong le molao o o tshitshintsweng wa taolo ya inthanete ya Russia.<ref>[https://www.express.co.uk/news/world/332016/Russian-Wikipedia-shuts-in-protest "Russian Wikipedia shuts in protest]". UKPA via Google. July 10, 2012.</ref> Mo bokhutlong jwa kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2012, [[m:Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]] e ne ya itsise ka [[:en:Wikidata|Wikidata]], e leng boalo jwa lefatshe lotlhe jwa go abelana tshedimosetso fa gare ga dikgatiso tsotlhe tsa dipuo tsa Wikipedia.<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/wikipedia/posts/158388724283345 "Wikidata announcement on Facebook]". Wikimedia Deutschland. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160101031943/https://www.facebook.com/wikipedia/posts/158388724283345 Archived] from the original on January 1, 2016. Retrieved October 28, 2015.</ref><ref>Chalabi, Mona (April 26, 2013). "[https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2013/apr/26/wikidata-launch Welcome to Wikidata! Now what?]". [https://web.archive.org/web/20211002152920/https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2013/apr/26/wikidata-launch Archived] from the original on October 2, 2021. Retrieved October 2, 2021.</ref> Lenaneo la Wikidata la didolara di le didikadike di le sekete le bosupa tsa Amerika e ne e tlamelwa ke Google, [[:en:Gordon_and_Betty_Moore_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Gordon le Betty Moore]], le Setheo sa Allen sa Botlhale jwa Maitirelo<ref>Terdiman, Daniel. [https://www.cnet.com/culture/wikidata-to-provide-structured-data-for-all-wikipedia-versions/ "Wikidata to provide structured data for all Wikipedia versions"]. CNET. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055527/https://www.cnet.com/culture/wikidata-to-provide-structured-data-for-all-wikipedia-versions/ Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Wikimedia Deutschland e ne ya tsaya maikarabelo a kgato ya ntlha ya Wikidata, mme kwa tshimologong e ne e rulagantse go dira gore boalo bo nne teng mo barulaganying ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2012. Kgato ya ntlha ya Wikidata e ne ya simolola go dira ka botlalo ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2013.<ref>Perez, Sarah (March 30, 2012). [https://techcrunch.com/2012/03/30/wikipedias-next-big-thing-wikidata-a-machine-readable-user-editable-database-funded-by-google-paul-allen-and-others/ "Wikipedia's Next Big Thing: Wikidata, A Machine-Readable, User-Editable Database Funded By Google, Paul Allen And Others]". TechCrunch. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120817042610/http://techcrunch.com/2012/03/30/wikipedias-next-big-thing-wikidata-a-machine-readable-user-editable-database-funded-by-google-paul-allen-and-others/ Archived] from the original on August 17, 2012.</ref><ref name=":13">Pintscher, Lydia (February 13, 2013). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130219054033/http://blog.wikimedia.de/2013/02/13/wikidata-live-on-the-english-wikipedia/ "Wikidata live on the English Wikipedia]". Wikimedia Deutschland. Archived from [[the original]] on February 19, 2013. Retrieved February 15, 2013.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Justin Anthony Knapp (cropped).jpg|thumb|Justin Knapp]] Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2012, [[:en:Justin_Knapp|Justin Knapp]] o ne a nna mokwadi wa ntlha a le mongwe go dira diphetogo tse di fetang sedikadike se le sengwe mo Wikipedia.<ref>Titcomb, James (April 20, 2012). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/wikipedia/9215151/First-man-to-make-1-million-Wikipedia-edits.html "First man to make 1 million Wikipedia edits".] The Daily Telegraph. [https://web.archive.org/web/20151119233646/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/wikipedia/9215151/First-man-to-make-1-million-Wikipedia-edits.html Archived] from the original on November 19, 2015. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>Skelton, Alissa (April 24, 2012). [https://mashable.com/archive/wikipedia-volunteer-editor "Wikipedia Volunteer Editor Reaches 1 Million Edits"]. Mashable. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055529/https://mashable.com/archive/wikipedia-volunteer-editor Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Jimmy Wales o ne a akgola Knapp ka tiro ya gagwe mme a mo fa sekgele sa lefelo la tshedimosetso e le sa ''Barnstar'' ''e e'' ''Kgethegileng s'' le kabelo ya ''Golden Wiki'' ka ntlha ya phitlhelelo ya gagwe.<ref>"[https://www.engadget.com/2012/04/20/one-million-wikipedia-edits/ Hardest working man on the internet passes one million Wikipedia edits".] Engadget. April 20, 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120820003926/http://www.engadget.com/2012/04/20/one-million-wikipedia-edits Archived] from the original on August 20, 2012. Retrieved September 3, 2012.</ref> Wales gape e ne ya bolela gore kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi e tla nna "Letsatsi la ga Justin Knapp".<ref>Skelton, Alissa (April 23, 2012). [http://mashable.com/2012/04/23/wikipedia-volunteer-editor/ "Wikipedia Volunteer Editor Reaches 1 Million Edits"]. Mashable. [https://web.archive.org/web/20151119235227/http://mashable.com/2012/04/23/wikipedia-volunteer-editor/ Archived] from the original on November 19, 2015. Retrieved October 24, 2012.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2012, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya bona dipego tsa yone tsa didikadike di le nne, [[:en:Ezbet_El_Borg|Izbat al-Burj]].<ref>[http://blog.wikimedia.org.uk/2012/07/english-language-wikipedia-hits-4-million-articles/ "English language Wikipedia hits 4 million articles]!". [[:en:Wikimedia_UK|Wikimedia UK]] Blog. Wikimedia UK. July 13, 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121222030833/http://blog.wikimedia.org.uk/2012/07/english-language-wikipedia-hits-4-million-articles/ Archived] from the original on December 22, 2012. Retrieved July 13, 2012.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2012, raditso le morulaganyi wa Wikipedia [[:en:Richard_J._Jensen|Richard J. Jensen]] o ne a ntsha mogopolo wa gore Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne e "gaufi le go wediwa", a tlhokomela gore palo ya barulaganyi ba ba dirang ka dinako tsotlhe e ne e wetse tlase thata fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 2007, le fa Wikipedia e ne e gola ka bonako mo palong ya dipego le mo babading.<ref>Rosen, Rebecca J. (October 25, 2012). [https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/10/surmounting-the-insurmountable-wikipedia-is-nearing-completion-in-a-sense/264111/ "Surmounting the Insurmountable: Wikipedia Is Nearing Completion, in a Sense]". The Atlantic. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121028064456/http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/10/surmounting-the-insurmountable-wikipedia-is-nearing-completion-in-a-sense/264111/ Archived] from the original on October 28, 2012. Retrieved October 27, 2012.</ref> Go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Inthanete ya Alexa]], Wikipedia e ne e le lefelo la tshedimosetso la borataro le le tumileng thata mo lefatsheng go tloga ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2012.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org "Amazon Alexa]". alexa.com. Archived from [https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org the original] on August 25, 2020. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> [[:en:AllThingsD|Dow Jones]] e ne ya baya Wikipedia mo maemong a botlhano lefatshe ka bophara go tloga ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2012.<ref>[http://allthingsd.com/20121220/the-fifth-biggest-site-in-the-world-operated-on-a-budget-of-27m-last-year "The Fifth-Biggest Site in the World Operated on a Budget of $27M Last Year"]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131206225138/http://allthingsd.com/20121220/the-fifth-biggest-site-in-the-world-operated-on-a-budget-of-27m-last-year/ Archived] from the original on December 6, 2013. Retrieved December 3, 2013., by Liz Gannes; AllThingsD became a subsidiary of Dow Jones & Company Inc in 2005 and was absorbed into [[:en:The_Wall_Street_Journal|WSJ.com]] during 2013.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2013 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:Italian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya SeItaly]] e ne ya nna kgatiso ya botlhano ya puo ya Wikipedia go feta dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe, fa Wikipedia ya [[:en:Russian_Wikipedia|Se-Russia]] le ya [[:en:Spanish_Wikipedia|Sespanishe]] e ne ya oketsega ka dipego tsa tsone tsa sedikadike ka malatsi a le lesome le bongwe le lesome le borataro a kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka go latelana. Ka letsatsi la lesome le botlhano la kgwedi ya Phukwi di-Wikipedia tsa [[:en:Polish_Wikipedia|Se-Sweden]] le ka Lwetse a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bone tsa [[:en:Polish_Wikipedia|Se-Poland]] di ne tsa bona dipego tsa tsone tsa didikadike, mme tsa nna dikgatiso tsa borobabobedi le tsa borobongwe tsa Wikipedia go dira jalo. Ka letsatsi la masome a mabedi le bosaupa la kgwedi ya Ferikgong, [[:en:Main_belt_asteroid|asteroid ya konokono ya lebanta]] [[:en:274301_Wikipedia|274301]] e ne ya bidiwa semmuso "Wikipedia" ke [[:en:Committee_for_Small_Body_Nomenclature#Minor_planets|Komiti ya Maina a Mmele o Mennye]].<ref>Workman, Robert (February 5, 2013). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130206105134/http://www.technewsdaily.com/16749-asteroid-named-wikipedia.html "Asteroid Re-Named 'Wikipedia'"]. [[:en:TechMediaNetwork,_Inc.|TechNewsDaily]]. Archived from [http://www.technewsdaily.com/16749-asteroid-named-wikipedia.html the original] on February 6, 2013. Retrieved February 7, 2013.</ref> Kgato ya ntlha ya polokelo ya tshedimosetso ya [[:en:Wikidata|Wikidata]], e e neng e tlamela ka dikgokagano tsa dipuo tse di farologaneng le tshedimosetso e nngwe ka go itirisa, e ne ya nna teng mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2013.<ref name=":13" /> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:Direction_centrale_du_renseignement_intérieur|tirelo ya sephiri ya Fora]] e ne ya bonwa molato ka go leka go tlhotlhomisa Wikipedia ka go tshosetsa moithaopi wa Wikipedia ka go tshwarwa ntle le fa "tshedimosetso ya sephiri" ka ga [[:en:Pierre-sur-Haute_military_radio_station|seteišene sa radio sa sesole]] e ka phimolwa.<ref>Willsher, Kim (April 7, 2013). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/apr/07/french-secret-service-wikipedia-page "French secret service accused of censorship over Wikipedia page"]. The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20130930145033/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/apr/07/french-secret-service-wikipedia-page Archived] from the original on September 30, 2013. Retrieved April 9, 2013.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Wikimania 2013 - VisualEditor - The present and future of editing our wikis.webm|thumb|Pontsho ka ga [[:en:VisualEditor|Motseleganyi wa Ditshwantsho]] wa Wikipedia]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi, go ne ga simololwa thulaganyo ya go fetola ya [[:en:VisualEditor|VisualEditor]], e e neng ya bopa kgato ya ntlha ya maiteko a go letla gore dipego di fetotswe ka segokaganyi se se tshwanang le sa [[:en:Word_processor|setlhagisa mafoko]] go na le go dirisa [[:en:Wiki_markup|tshwao ya wiki]].<ref name=":18">Arthur, Charles (July 2, 2013). [https://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2013/jul/02/rabbit-contact-lens "Boot up: wireless contact lens, Wikipedia's visual editing, Samsung's share slide and more"]. The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131104201314/http://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2013/jul/02/rabbit-contact-lens Archived] from the original on November 4, 2013. Retrieved July 2, 2013.</ref> Go ne ga simololwa gape le morulaganyi yo o diretsweng [[:en:Smartphone|megala ya letheka ya segompieno]] le didirisiwa tse dingwe tsa megala ya mosokela tsebeng.<ref name=":19">Gonera, Juliusz (July 25, 2013). "[[diffblog:2013/07/25/edit-wikipedia-on-the-go/|Edit Wikipedia on the go]]". Diff. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230325104612/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2013/07/25/edit-wikipedia-on-the-go/ Archived] from the original on March 25, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2014 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikipedia Edit 2014.webm|left|thumb|Tshekatsheko ya sesupa ditshwantso sa diteng tsa Wikipedia ka ngwaga wa 2014, e rotloetsa babogedi go tseleganya Wikipedia]] Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2014, lenaneo la go dira kgatiso e e gatisitsweng ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane, e e nang le bogolo bo le sekete le ditsebe di feta didikadike di le dingwe le dikete di le lekgolo, e ne ya simololwa ke batsayakarolo ba Wikipedia ya Sejeremane.<ref name=":10" /> Lenaneo le ne le batla matlole ka [[:en:Indiegogo|Indiegogo]], mme e ne e ikaeletse go tlotla meneelo ya barulaganyi ba Wikipedia.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/feb/20/wikipedia-1000-volume-print-edition-crowdfunding "Wikipedia 1,000-volume print edition planned"]. The Guardian. February 20, 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140311014332/http://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/feb/20/wikipedia-1000-volume-print-edition-crowdfunding Archived] from the original on March 11, 2014. Retrieved April 12, 2014.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2014, sefikantswe sa ntlha sa Wikipedia se ne sa bulwa kwa toropong ya Poland ya Slubice.<ref>Day, Matthew (October 10, 2014). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/poland/11153603/Polish-town-to-build-statue-honouring-Wikipedia.html "Polish town to build statue honouring Wikipedia"]. The Daily Telegraph. [https://web.archive.org/web/20141011191441/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/poland/11153603/Polish-town-to-build-statue-honouring-Wikipedia.html Archived] from the original on October 11, 2014. Retrieved October 11, 2014.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola letsatsi le le borobabobedi, lesome le botlhano ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo, le kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2014, [[:en:Waray_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Waray]], [[:en:Vietnamese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Vietnam]] le [[:en:Cebuano_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Cebuano]] nngwe le nngwe ya tsone e ne ya feta letshwao la pego e le sedikadike se le sengwe. E ne e le Wikipedia ya bolesome, ya bolesome le bongwe le ya bolesom le bobedi go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Le fa di ne di na le badirisi ba le mmalwa fela ba ba matlhagatlhaga, di-Wikipedia tsa puo ya Se-Waray le Se-Cebuano di ne di na le palo e e kwa godimo ya dipego tse di tlhamilweng ka go itirisa tse di tlhamilweng ke di roboto. ==== Ngwaga wa 2015 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Wikipedia 5 million articles milestone video November 2015.ogv|thumb|Ditshwantsho tse di tshikinyegang tse di tshwayang phitlhelelo ya Wikipedia ya Setswana ya dipego di le didikadike di le tlhano ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e le letsatsi ka ngwaga wa 2015]] Mo bogareng jwa ngwaga wa 2015, Wikipedia e ne e le lefelo la tshedimosetso ya bosupa e e tumileng thata mo lefatsheng go ya [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Maranyane a Alexa]] ,<ref name=":14">[http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org# "Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20171009035134/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on October 9, 2017. Retrieved October 9, 2017.</ref> e ne e le kwa tlase ka lefelo le le lengwe go tswa mo maemong a e neng e le mo go one ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2012. Kwa tshimologong ya ngwaga wa 2015, Wikipedia e ne ya nna ensaetlopedia e kgolo go gaisa tsotlhe ya kitsokakaretso mo inthaneteng, ka palogotlhe e e kopantsweng ya dipego tse di fetang didikadike di le masome a mararo le borataro tsa lefelo le legolo mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a borobabongwe le bongwe.<ref name=":12" /> Ka palogare, Wikipedia e amogela palogotlhe ya dipono tsa ditsebe tsa lefatshe lotlhe di le dibilione di le lesome go tswa mo baeting ba ba kgethegileng ba ka nna didikadike di le makgolo a mane le masome a borobabongwe le botlhano kgwedi le kgwedi,<ref name=":10" /><ref>[[stats:wikimedia/squids/SquidReportPageViewsPerCountryOverview.htm|"Wikimedia Statistics"]]. April 20, 2011. [https://web.archive.org/web/20111020212633/http://stats.wikimedia.org/wikimedia/squids/SquidReportPageViewsPerCountryOverview.htm Archived] from the original on October 20, 2011. Retrieved October 14, 2011.</ref> go akaretsa le baeng ba le didikadike di le masome a borobabobedi le botlhano go tswa kwa lefatsheng la United States fela,<ref name=":11" /> kwa e leng lefelo la borataro le le ratiwang thata.<ref name=":14" /> [[Setshwantsho:Print Wikipedia (no subtitles).webm|thumb|Motaki [[:en:Michael_Mandiberg|Michael Mandiberg]] o bua ka [[:en:Print_Wikipedia|Wikipedia e e Gatisitsweng]].]] [[:en:Print_Wikipedia|Gatisa Wikipedia]] e ne e le lenaneo la botaki le le dirilweng ke [[:en:Michael_Mandiberg|Michael Mandiberg]] le le neng la dira gore go nne le bokgoni jwa go gatisa bogolo jwa volume di le dikete tse supa ,makgolo a mane le masome a supa le boraro tsa Wikipedia jaaka e ne e le teng ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a supa ka ngwaga wa 2015. Bogolo jwa volume nngwe le nngwe e na le ditsebe di le makgolo a le supa mme ke di le lekgolo le lesome fela tse di gatisitsweng ke motaki.<ref>Schuessler, Jennifer (June 16, 2015). [https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/17/books/moving-wikipedia-from-computer-to-many-many-bookshelves.html "Moving Wikipedia From Computer to Many, Many Bookshelves"]. [[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20161202120645/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/17/books/moving-wikipedia-from-computer-to-many-many-bookshelves.html Archived] from the original on December 2, 2016. Retrieved December 24, 2016.</ref> Ka letsatsi le le lengwe la kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2015, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e fitlheletse dipego di le didikadike tse tlhano ka go tlhamiwa ga pego ka ga [[:en:Persoonia_terminalis|''Persoonia terminalis'']], mofuta wa setlhatshana. Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boraro, Wikipedia e ne ya amogela [[:en:Princess_of_Asturias_Awards|''Sekgele sa Kgosigatsana ya Asturias sa Tirisanommogo ya Boditšhabatšhaba.'']]<ref>"[https://elpais.com/tecnologia/2015/06/17/actualidad/1434535111_709353.html Wikipedia, Premio Princesa de Asturias de Cooperación]". El País (in Spanish). June 17, 2015. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1134-6582 1134-6582]. Retrieved February 4, 2026.</ref><ref>Poyo, Ana (October 22, 2015). [https://www.vogue.es/moda/news/articulos/agenda-premios-princesa-asturias-2015-ceremonia-entrega-reyes-felipe-letizia-mejores-looks-leonor-de-borbon/23909 "Los Premios Princesa de Asturias 2015 (al detalle)"]. ''Vogue España'' (in European Spanish). Retrieved February 4, 2026.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2016 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le le lesome le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2016, [[:en:Japanese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejapane]] e ne ya feta letshwao la dipego di le sedikadike se le sengwe, mme ya nna Wikipedia ya bolesometharo go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Setlhogo sa sedidikadike se ne se le sa Wave 224, e leng sekepe sa ka fa tlase ga metsi sa [[:en:World_War_II|Ntwa ya Lefatshe ya bobedi]] sa Sesole sa Lewatle sa Bogosi jwa Japane. Mo bogareng jwa ngwaga wa 2016, Wikipedia e ne ya nna gape lefelo la tshedimosetso la borataro le le tumileng thata mo lefatsheng go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]],<ref>"[http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org# Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160706214359/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on July 6, 2016. Retrieved July 7, 2016.</ref> e tlhatlogile ka lefelo le le lengwe go tswa mo maemong a e neng e le mo go one mo ngwageng o o fetileng. ==== Ngwaga wa 2017 ==== Mo bogareng jwa ngwaga wa 2017, Wikipedia e ne ya kwalwa jaaka lefelo la tshedimosetso ya botlhano e e ratiwang thata mo lefatsheng go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]],<ref>"[http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org# Wikipedia.org Site Info]". [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Alexa Internet]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170704011642/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on July 4, 2017. Retrieved July 4, 2017.</ref> e tlhatlogile lefelo le le lengwe go tswa mo maemong a e neng e le mo go one mo ngwageng o o fetileng. Wikipedia Zero e dirilwe gore e nne teng kwa Iraq le kwa Afganistan. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabongwe 2017, [[:en:Block_of_Wikipedia_in_Turkey|go fitlhelela Wikipedia mo maranayaneng go ne ga thibelwa mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo kwa Turkey]] ke balaodi ba Turkey. Go thibelwa mo go ne ga tswelela go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano,ka ngwaga wa 2020, ka gonne [[:en:Judicial_system_of_Turkey|kgotlatshekelo ya Turkey]] e ne ya atlhola gore thibelo e e tlola ditshwanelo tsa batho. [[:en:Japanese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejapane]] e e tsenngwang mokgwa wa tshireletso kwa China fa e sale ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole a tlhola malatsia le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2017.<ref>[https://en.greatfire.org/https/ja.wikipedia.org "ja.wikipedia.org]". ''[[:en:GreatFire|GreatFire]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180120065845/https://en.greatfire.org/https/ja.wikipedia.org Archived] from the original on January 20, 2018. Retrieved April 7, 2018.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2018 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2018, palo ya dipego tsa [[:en:Chinese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Setšhaena]] e ne ya feta sedikadike se le sengwe mme ya nna Wikipedia ya bolesome le bone go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Wikipedia ya Setšhaena e thibetswe kwa [[:en:Mainland_China|Nagengkgolo ya China]] fa e sale ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 2015.<ref>[https://www.theverge.com/2015/9/4/9260981/jimmy-wales-wikipedia-china "Wikipedia founder defends decision to encrypt the site in China".] September 4, 2015. Archived from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved April 17, 2018.</ref> Moragonyana mo ngwageng, ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borataro , [[:en:Portuguese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sepotokisi]] e ne ya feta letshwao la dipego di le sedikadike ose le sengwe, ya nna Wikipedia ya bolesome le botlhano go fitlhelela ntlha eo. Setlhogo sa sedikadike e ne e le [[:pt:Perdão de Richard Nixon|Perdão de Richard Nixon]] ([[:en:Pardon_of_Richard_Nixon|Tshwarelo ya ga Richard Nixon)]]. Ka ngwaga wa2018, Wikipedia e ne ya boloka lenaane la yone jaaka lefelo la tshedimosetso ya botlhano e e ratiwang thata mo lefatsheng go ya ka [[:en:Alexa_Internet|Inthanete ya Alexa]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org "Wikipedia.org Traffic, Demographics and Competitors – Alexa"]. alexa.com. Archived from the original on August 25, 2020. Retrieved October 28, 2018.</ref> Ntlha nngwe e e tlhomologileng e ne e le tiriso ya [[:en:Artificial_Intelligence|Botlhale jwa Maitirelo]] go tlhama dipego tse di kwadilweng ka ditlhogo tse di neng di tlhokomologilwe.<ref>"[https://www.theverge.com/2018/8/8/17663544/ai-scientists-wikipedia-primer AI spots 40,000 prominent scientists overlooked by Wikipedia]". The Verge. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180809023533/https://www.theverge.com/2018/8/8/17663544/ai-scientists-wikipedia-primer Archived] from the original on August 9, 2018. Retrieved October 28, 2018.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2019 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola masome a mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2019, balaodi ba China ba ne ba atolosa Wikipedia go nna mefuta ya dipuo tsotlhe.<ref>Gandolfo, Ryan. "[http://www.thatsmags.com/beijing/post/27660/wikipedia-currently-down-in-china Wikipedia Currently Down in China"]. That's Beijing. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190424081614/http://www.thatsmags.com/beijing/post/27660/wikipedia-currently-down-in-china Archived] from the original on April 24, 2019. Retrieved April 24, 2019.</ref><ref>Sukhbir Singh; Arturo Filastò; Maria Xynou (May 4, 2019). [https://ooni.io/post/2019-china-wikipedia-blocking/ "China is now blocking all language editions of Wikipedia"]. Open Observatory of Network Interference. Retrieved May 7, 2019. The following chart, based on OONI data, illustrates that multiple language editions of Wikipedia have been blocked in China as of April 2019.{...}OONI measurements show that many of these Wikipedia domains were previously accessible, but all measurements collected from 25 April 2019 onwards present the same DNS anomalies for all Wikipedia sub-domains.{...}Based on these tests, we were able to conclude that China Telecom does in fact block all language editions of Wikipedia by means of both DNS injection and SNI filtering.</ref> Nako ya go thibela e ne ya tsamaisana le [[:en:30th_anniversary_of_the_1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests|ngwaga wa masome a mararo a segopotso]] wa [[:en:1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre|ditshupetso le polao ya batho ba le bantsi kwa Tiananmen Square ka ngwaga wa 1989]] le ngwaga wa bo lekgolo wa [[:en:May_Fourth_Movement|Mokgatlho wa Motsheganong wa Bone]], mme seo sa felela ka gore [[:en:Internet_censorship_in_China|inthanete e tlhotlhomisiwe thata kwa China.]]<ref>[https://www.news18.com/news/world/ahead-of-tiananmen-anniversary-chinese-government-blocks-wikipedia-2142621.html "Ahead of Tiananmen Anniversary, Chinese Government Blocks Wikipedia"]. News18. May 15, 2019. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190602223335/https://www.news18.com/news/world/ahead-of-tiananmen-anniversary-chinese-government-blocks-wikipedia-2142621.html Archived] from the original on June 2, 2019. Retrieved June 2, 2019.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2019, go ya ka Alexa.com, Wikipedia e ne ya wela tlase go tswa mo maemong a botlhano go ya kwa maemong a bosupa mo lefelong la tshedimosetso mo lefatsheng ka ntlha ya go dirisa inthanete mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org wikipedia.org Competitive Analysis, Marketing Mix and Traffic – Alexa"]. alexa.com. Archived from [https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org the original] on August 25, 2020. Retrieved February 10, 2018.</ref> Ka one ngwaga oo, kopololo ya Wikipedia e ne ya romelwa kwa Ngweding, e le karolo ya [[:en:Arch_Mission_Foundation|lefelo la go bala la Arch Lunar]]. Ka ntlha ya go palelwa, sefofane se se dirisang mollo go fofa se ne sa thula mo godimo ga Ngwedi, mme, ka ntlha ya tiriso ya di polokelo tse di kgethegileng, tse di kgonang go emelana le nickel, go dumelwa gore kopololo e ne ya falola go thula.<ref>Taylor, Chris (April 17, 2019). [https://mashable.com/article/moon-library-beresheet-crash-wikipedia "There may be a copy of Wikipedia somewhere on the moon. Here's how to help find it"]. Mashable. Retrieved March 30, 2026.</ref> === Ngwagasome wa boraro: 2020–gompieno === Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa 2020, setlhogo sa didikadike di le thataro, e leng lokwalo la botshelo lwa ga [[:en:Maria_Elise_Turner_Lauder|Maria Elise Turner Lauder,]] se ne sa tsenngwa mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane. Le fa go ne go na le kgolo e ya dipego, go dirisana ga Wikipedia mo inthaneteng ya lefatshe lotlhe, jaaka go lekanngwa ke Alexa, go ne ga tswelela go fokotsega. Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2020, Wikipedia e ne ya wela mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ya bolesome le bongwe mo lefatsheng ka ntlha ya go dirisa inthanete mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref name=":15">[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org "wikipedia.org Competitive Analysis, Marketing Mix and Traffic – Alexa"]. alexa.com. Archived from [https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org the original] on August 25, 2020. Retrieved February 10, 2018.</ref> Bobedi jwa go bega ga Wikipedia ga mathata a [[:en:COVID-19_pandemic|bolwetsi jo bo neng jwa amana lefatshe lotlhe la COVID-19]] le diphetogo tse di tshegetsang, dipuisano, le e leng go phimolwa go ne go akanngwa gore ke motswedi o o mosola go bo ra ditso ba isago ba ba batlang go tlhaloganya paka eo ka botlalo.<ref>Harrison, Stephen (May 27, 2020). [https://slate.com/technology/2020/05/wikipedia-coronavirus-information-future-historians.html "Future Historians Will Need Access to Coronavirus Misinformation]". Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200527165139/https://slate.com/technology/2020/05/wikipedia-coronavirus-information-future-historians.html Archived] from the original on May 27, 2020. Retrieved June 9, 2020.</ref> [[:en:World_Health_Organization|Mokgatlho wa Lefatshe wa Boitekanelo]] o dirisane mmogo le Wikipedia jaaka motswedi wa konokono wa go anamisa tshedimosetso e e amanang le COVID-19 jaaka go thusa go lwantshana go anama ga tshedimosetso e e fosegileng.<ref>Matt, Chase (January 9, 2021). [https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higherhttps://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher "Wikipedia is 20, and its reputation has never been highe]r". [[:en:The_Economist|The Economist]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221231224550/https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher Archived] from the original on December 31, 2022. Retrieved January 9, 2021.</ref><ref>McNeil, Donald G. (October 22, 2020). [https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/22/health/wikipedia-who-coronavirus-health.html "Wikipedia and W.H.O. Join to Combat Covid-19 Misinformation"]. [[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20201227064918/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/22/health/wikipedia-who-coronavirus-health.html Archived] from the original on December 27, 2020. Retrieved October 25, 2020.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2021 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2021, [[:en:Wikipedia:20th_anniversary|ngwaga wa masome a mabedi wa segopotso sa Wikipedia]] o ne wa lemogiwa mo metsweding ya dikgang.<ref>Kelly, Heather (January 15, 2021). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/01/15/wikipedia-20-year-anniversary/ "Technology: On its 20th birthday, Wikipedia might be the safest place online]". [[:en:The_Washington_Post|The Washington Post]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210905012756/https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/01/15/wikipedia-20-year-anniversary/ Archived] from the original on September 5, 2021. Retrieved January 16, 2021. The world's largest online encyclopedia has learned lessons from fighting misinformation for two decades</ref><ref>Kent, German (January 15, 2021). "[https://www.cnet.com/news/in-a-post-truth-world-we-need-wikipedia-more-than-ever/ In a post-truth world, we need Wikipedia more than ever]". [[:en:CNET|CNET]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220221144855/https://www.cnet.com/news/in-a-post-truth-world-we-need-wikipedia-more-than-ever/ Archived] from the original on February 21, 2022. Retrieved January 16, 2021. Commentary: Wikipedia celebrated its 20th anniversary today. The free encyclopedia may not be exciting, but its neutral, volunteer-driven content is incredibly valuable.</ref><ref>"[https://www.dw.com/en/world-in-progress-20-years-of-wikipedia/av-56212410 World in Progress: 20 years of Wikipedia]" (Audio). [[:en:Deutsche_Welle|Deutsche Welle]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221005082902/https://www.dw.com/en/world-in-progress-20-years-of-wikipedia/av-56212410 Archived] from the original on October 5, 2022. Retrieved January 17, 2021. The year marks the 20th anniversary of Wikipedia. Every month, more than 1.7 billion people visit the open-source website in search of information about, well, just about anything! We speak with Dr. Bernie Hogan from the [[:en:Oxford_Internet_Institute|Oxford Internet Institute]] about Wikipedia's successes, where it fits into the discrimination crisis, and the website's future.</ref><ref>[[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Wales, Jimmy]] (January 14, 2021). [https://news.yahoo.com/wikipedia-turns-20-aims-reach-035212015.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly9zZWFyY2gueWFob28uY29tLw&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAHKHaTI72xUEUz_BdVPt8DFvi-uLdmApcbSckrJrAbM_GpTwHsHtNHRdxX-KYAS6xk81e_p_w46bfh10PJVV7cmUzE-pWR5gsID2T8Kd1k0u-2r78p4Y4V16CKTPFcWRJzV0LwQMJyuEeeR7Vv-_lfVBiCT30KvF47aGzyE3QP-a "As Wikipedia turns 20 it aims to reach more readers"]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220923105157/https://news.yahoo.com/wikipedia-turns-20-aims-reach-035212015.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly9zZWFyY2gueWFob28uY29tLw&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAHKHaTI72xUEUz_BdVPt8DFvi-uLdmApcbSckrJrAbM_GpTwHsHtNHRdxX-KYAS6xk81e_p_w46bfh10PJVV7cmUzE-pWR5gsID2T8Kd1k0u-2r78p4Y4V16CKTPFcWRJzV0LwQMJyuEeeR7Vv-_lfVBiCT30KvF47aGzyE3QP-a Archived] from the original on September 23, 2022. Retrieved January 17, 2021 – via [[:en:Yahoo!|Yahoo]]!. Wikipedia is the web's seventh-most visited site</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malalatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2021, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya fitlhelela diphetogo di le dibilione di le nngwe, koo tseleganyo ya bobilione e neng ya dirwa ke [[:en:Steven_Pruitt|Steven Pruitt]]<ref>"[https://www.vice.com/en/article/the-english-language-wikipedia-just-had-its-billionth-edit/ The English Language Wikipedia Just Had Its Billionth Edit"]. [[:en:Vice_(magazine)|Vice]]. January 15, 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210115145145/https://www.vice.com/en/article/k7appn/the-english-language-wikipedia-just-had-its-billionth-edit Archived] from the original on January 15, 2021. Retrieved February 26, 2021.</ref> [[:en:MIT_Press|MIT Press]] e gatisitse buka e e [[:en:Open_access|bulegileng ya ditlhamo]] [[:en:Wikipedia_@_20|''Wikipedia @ 20'']]: ''Dikgang tsa Phetogo e e sa Fediwang'', e e rulagantsweng ke [[:en:Joseph_M._Reagle_Jr.|Joseph Reagle]] le Jackie Koerner ka ditshwaelo go tswa go ba-Wikipedia ba ba tlhageletseng, ba-Wikimedia, babatlisisi, babegadikgang, ba lefelo la dibuka le baitseanape ba bangwe ba ba akanyang ka ditiragalo tse di rileng le<ref>Reagle, Joseph; Koerner, Jackie, eds. (2020). [https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/wikipedia-20 Wikipedia @ 20: Stories of an Incomplete Revolution]. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0262538176|978-0262538176.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20220716055539/https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/wikipedia-20 Archived] from the original on July 16, 2022. Retrieved November 12, 2021.</ref>. Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2021, Wikipedia e ne e wetse mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ya bolesometharo mo lefatsheng ka ntlha ya go dirisa inthanete mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref name=":15" /> ==== Ngwaga wa 2022 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2022, Modiri wa Wikipedia Richard Knipel o ne a tlhama setlhogo sa [[:en:Artwork_title|setlhogo sa Botaki]], se poeletso ya sone ya ntlha e neng e le mokwalo yo o santseng o tla baakangwa e e tlhagisitsweng ke [[:en:ChatGPT|ChatGPT]] e Knipel a neng a e dirile diphetogo tse dinnye go tsamaisana thata le maemo a Wikipedia. Knipel o boletse mo [[:en:Talk_page|tsebeng ya puisano]] gore o dumela gore ke lekgetlo la ntlha mongwe a dirisa ChatGPT go tlhama pego ya Wikipedia. Go romelwa ga pego e go ne ga kgalwa ke barulaganyi ba bangwe mme ga tsosa kganetsano mo setšhabeng sa Wikipedia, mme se sa dira gore go nne le kganetsano e e tseneletseng ka gore a ChatGPT le dikai tse di tshwanang le yone di tshwanetse go dirisiwa mo go kwaleng diteng tsa Wikipedia le gore, fa go le jalo, di tshwanetse go dirisiwa go le kana kang.<ref>Harrison, Stephen (January 12, 2023). [https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/chatgpt-wikipedia-articles.html "Should ChatGPT Be Used to Write Wikipedia Articles?]". Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230128200141/https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/chatgpt-wikipedia-articles.html Archived] from the original on January 28, 2023. Retrieved January 30, 2023.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2023 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2023, segokaganyi sa sesupa ditlhaka sa tafole sa Wikipedia se ne sa fetolwa lekgetho la ntlha fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 2010, go nna sebopedgo se sesha se se bitswang [[:en:Vector_2022|Vector 2022]].<ref>"[[foundationsite:news/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-a-fresh-new-look-first-desktop-update-in-a-decade-puts-usability-at-the-forefront/|Wikipedia Gets a Fresh New Look: First Desktop Update in a Decade Puts Usability at the Forefront]]". Wikimedia Foundation. January 18, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230119234339/https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-a-fresh-new-look-first-desktop-update-in-a-decade-puts-usability-at-the-forefront/ Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> Segokakanyi sa modirisi se segolo se sesha se ne sa nyatswa thata ke badirisi. Dikganetso tse dintsi di ne di tlhomile mogopolo mo thulaganyong ya bophara jo bo tlhomameng, e e neng ya dira gore go nne le sebaka se sesweu se se feteletseng mo dintlheng tsa dimonithara tse di bulegileng, mme se sa dira gore go nne le motlotlo wa mafoko a le dikete tse borobabongwe wa gore a letlalo le lesha le tshwanetse go nna le le tlwaelesegileng. [[:en:Swahili_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seswahili]] e ne ya tlhopa ka bongwefela jwa pelo go gana letlalo le lesha mme "ka bokhutshwane" ya batla gore go boelwe kwa letlalong la bogologolo. Go tshwaiwa phoso go gongwe go ne ga lebisiwa kwa Mokgatlhong wa Wikimedia ka go thapa setlhopha sa batlhami se se nang le maitemogelo a a lekanyeditsweng mo diwiki. Brandon Harris, yo e neng e le motlhami yo mogolo kwa Wikipedia go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2010 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2014, o ne a re: "Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia gantsi o thapa batlhami ba ba sa tlwaelanang le baagi, mme ba tsena abo ba leka go dira diphetogo tseo tsotlhe—ba taboga ka tlhogo pele go nna shaga ya modumo —mme baagi ba gana ka tsela e e utlwalang]".<ref name=":20">Rauwerda, Annie (January 18, 2023). [https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/wikipedia-redesign-vector-2022-skin.html "Wikipedia's Redesign Is Barely Noticeable. That's the Point"]. Slate. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120005241/https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/wikipedia-redesign-vector-2022-skin.html Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Wikimedia Sound Logo Finalist VQ97.wav|thumb|Letshwao la modumo la Wikimedia (go akaretsa le Wikipedia)<ref name=":16">[[foundationsite:news/2023/03/28/wikipedias-new-sound-logo-winner/|"Wikipedia's new sound logo: Winner of The Sound of All Human Knowledge contest announced".]] Wikimedia Foundation. March 28, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230406101352/https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/03/28/wikipedias-new-sound-logo-winner/ Archived] from the original on April 6, 2023. Retrieved May 2, 2023.</ref>]] Morago ga therisano le kgaisano, letshwao [[:en:Sound_logo|la ntlha la modumo]] la Wikimedia (go akaretsa le Wikipedia) le ne la amogelwa.<ref name=":16" /> ==== Ngwaga wa 2024 ==== Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a lelesome le boraro, ka ngwaga wa 2024, kopololo ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane, e e bolokilweng mo [[:en:5D_optical_data_storage|polokelong ya tshedimosetso ya 5D optical]], e ne ya tsenngwa mo lefelong la patlisiso le le ka fa tlase ga lefatshe kwa Switzerland, le le nang le kgonagalo ya go bolokwa dingwaga di ka nna dibilione di le lesome le bone, ka ntlha ya maranyane ya polokelo e e dirisitsweng. Kopololo e ka balega ka go dirisa [[:en:Microscope|sedirisiwa sa go godisa dilo tse dinnye gore di bonale sentle]], kwantle ga go tlhoka go dirisa [[:en:Digital_electronics|thekenoloji ya maranyane a segompieno]] .<ref>"[https://www.archmission.org/gkv Global Knowledge Vault]". Arch Mission Foundation - Preserving humanity forever, in space and on Earth. Retrieved May 26, 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2024, kopololo ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya goroga ka katlego mo Ngweding, jaaka karolo ya lenaneo la Galactic Legacy Archive. Thomo e ne ya dirwa ke [[:en:Intuitive_Machines|Metšhini ya Intuitive]], fa sefofane se se dirisang mollo sone se ne sa itsisiwe semmuso ke [[:en:SpaceX|SpaceX]]. Tshedimosetso e e ne e bolokilwe jaaka e e dirisang dikarolo di le lesome le borataro tsa nickel, mme go akanyediwa gore e ka nna mo godimo ga Ngwedi dingwaga di ka nna dibilione di le tlhano. <ref>"[https://www.archmission.org/galactic-legacy-archive Galactic Legacy Archive]". Arch Mission Foundation - Preserving humanity forever, in space and on Earth. Retrieved May 26, 2026.</ref> ==== Ngwaga wa 2025 ==== ==== Ngwaga wa 2026 ==== [[Setshwantsho:Work-in-progress animation of the Wikipedia 25 birthday mascot scrolling on a phone.gif|thumb|Setshwantsho sa Baby Globe e tsamayatsamaya mo mogaleng wa letheka]] Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano, Wikipedia e ne ya keteka ngwaga wa yone wa masome a mabedi le botlhano.<ref>[https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00074-1 "Wikipedia is needed now more than ever, 25 years on"]. Nature. 649 (8099): 1079–1080. January 28, 2026. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1038/d41586-026-00074-1|10.1038/d41586-026-00074-1]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1476-4687 1476-4687.]</ref> Go ne ga tlhamiwa motseletsele wa ditokomane le "lebokoso la go boloka dilo tsa nako" jaaka karolo ya meletlo.<ref>Roth, Emma (January 15, 2026). [https://www.theverge.com/news/861935/wikipedia-25th-anniversary-2026 "Wikipedia turns 25 and shares a glimpse into the lives of its volunteer editors]". The Verge. Retrieved February 25, 2026.</ref> Go ne ga gololwa setshwantsho se se tlhamilweng ke modirisi BaduFerreira se se bidiwang [[:en:Baby_Globe|Baby Globe]]. E ne ya tlhagelela fa mokgwa wa letsatsi la matsalo o ne o kgontshitswe mo Wikipedia. Go ne ga tlhamiwa [[:en:Plush|seaparo]] sa Baby Globe se se ka [[:en:Collectable|kokoanngwang]] ka tirisanommogo le Makeship.<ref>Fear, Natalie (January 15, 2026). [https://www.creativebloq.com/design/wikipedia-unveils-adorable-mascot-for-25th-anniversary "Wikipedia's new mascot is too cute for words"]. Creative Bloq. Retrieved February 25, 2026.</ref> Baby Globe e ne ya tlosiwa mo lefelong la Wikipedia ka kgwedi ya Moranang a le malatsi a le supa.<ref>"[[foundationsite:wikipedia25/wikipedia-mascot/|Meet Baby Globe, Wikipedia's 25th birthday mascot]]". Wikimedia Foundation. Retrieved April 14, 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bosupa, Wikipedia e ne ya thibela tiriso ya diteng tse di tlhamilweng ke [[:en:Large_language_model|di-LLM]] mo dipegong tsa yone, kwa ntle ga dithanolo le diphetogo tse dinnye tsa di kopololo.<ref>Milman, Oliver (March 27, 2026). [https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2026/mar/27/wikipedia-bans-ai "Wikipedia bans AI-generated content in its online encyclopedia"]. The Guardian. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077 0261-3077]. Retrieved March 31, 2026.</ref><ref>"[https://www.newsweek.com/wikipedia-bans-ai-content-after-debate-11746790 Wikipedia bans one type of content after 'heated debate']". Newsweek. March 27, 2026. Retrieved March 31, 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong a tlhola malatsia le lesome le bongwe, Wikipedia e ne ya golola Kgwetlho ya go Bala ya Ngwaga wa bo masome a mabedi le botlhano ya tiriso ya iOS go tloga ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bongwe go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borobabobedi mme Baby Globe e ne ya tlhagisiwa gape.<ref>"[[mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Team/25th_Birthday_Reading_Challenge|Wikimedia Apps/Team/25th Birthday Reading Challenge"]]. MediaWiki. May 11, 2026. Retrieved June 14, 2026.</ref> == Ditso go ya ka maphata a thuto == === Didirisiwa tsa sesupaditlhaka le mananeo a sesupaditlhaka === Pego ya konokono: [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]] ''Mananeo a sesupaditlhaka a a tsamaisang Wikipedia, le sedirisiwa sa sesupaditlhaka, mafelo a polokelo a di server le ditsamaiso tse dingwe tse Wikipedia e ikaegileng ka tsone.'' * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2001, Wikipedia e ne ya tsamaya mo [[:en:UseModWiki|UseModWiki]], e e kwadilweng ka [[:en:Perl|Perl]] ke [[:en:Clifford_Adams|Clifford Adams]]. Sesupaditlhaka se se fang disupaditlhaka tse dingwe ditirelo le tshedimosetso mo mafaratlhatlheng e ne e sa ntse e dirisa [[:en:Linux|Linux]], le fa mokwalo wa ntlha o ne o bolokilwe mo sedirisweng sa polokelo sa faele go na le mo polokelong ya tshedimosetso ya database . Ditlhogo di ne di bidiwa ka mokgwa wa [[:en:CamelCase|CamelCase]]. * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2002, "Kgato ya bobedi" ya mananeo a sesupa ditlhaka ya wiki e e fang Wikipedia maatla e ne ya tlhagisiwa, e e neng ya emisetsa [[:en:UseModWiki|UseModWiki]] ya bogologolo. E kwaletswe lenaneo leo ka tlhamalalo ke [[:en:Magnus_Manske|Magnus Manske]], e ne e akaretsa [[:en:Wiki_engine|enjene ya wiki]] ya [[:en:PHP|PHP]]. * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2002, [[:en:Rewrite_(programming)|go kwalwa sešwa mo gogolo]] ga mananeo a sesupaditlhaka e e fang Wikipedia maatla go ne ga simolola; e e bidiwang "Kgato ya boraro", e ne ya tsaya sebaka sa mofuta wa bogologolo wa "Kgato ya bobedi", mme ya nna [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]]. E kwadilwe ke [[:en:Lee_Daniel_Crocker|Lee Daniel Crocker]] go tsibogela ditlhokego tse di oketsegang tsa lenaneo le le golang. * Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2002, Derek Ramsey o ne a tlhama [[:en:Internet_bot|bot]] – thulaganyo e e itirisang e e bidiwang [[:en:Rambot|Rambot]] – go oketsa palo e ntsi ya dipego tse di buang ka ditoropo tsa lefatshe la United States; dipego tseo di ne tsa tlhagisiwa ka go itirisa go tswa mo tshedimosetsong ya [[:en:U.S._census|palobatho ya U.S.]] Ka jalo o ne a oketsa palo ya dipego tsa Wikipedia ka dikete tse masome a mararo le boraro le makgolo a borobabobedi le masome a mararo le bobedi.<ref>[[:en:Andrew_Lih|Lih, Andrew]] (2009). [https://books.google.com/books?id=AWuZAAAAQBAJ&q=%22Derek+Ramsey+%28Wikipedian%29%22 ''The Wikipedia Revolution'']. Hachette Digital, Inc. pp. 99–106. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1401395858|978-1401395858]].</ref> Se se biditswe "kgato e e tsosang kganetsano go gaisa mo ditsong tsa Wikipedia"<ref>Lih, p. 99.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2003, go ne ga okediwa ka tshegetso ya sekaelo tsa dipalo mo [[:en:TeX|TeX]]. Ditaelo tse di kwadilweng ka puo ya sesupaditlhaka di ne tsa ntshiwa ke Tomasz Węgrzanowski. * Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a a robangbongweka ngwaga wa 2003, segokaganyi sa [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] sa Wikipedia se ne sa fetolwa go dira gore di-ISBN mo dipegong di golagane le E kgethegileng:Metswedi ya Dibuka, e e tsayang diteng tsa yone go tswa mo tsebeng e e ka rulaganngwang ke modirisi ya [[:en:Wikipedia:Book_sources|Wikipedia:Metswedi ya dibuka]]. Pele ga se, dintlha tsa kgokagano ya ISBN di ne tsa tsenngwa khoutu mo lenaneong la sesupa ditshwantso mme go ne ga tshitshinngwa tse dišwa mo tsebeng ya Wikipedia:ISBN. Bona tseleganyo e e fetotseng se. * Morago ga kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 2003, melaetsa e e farologaneng ya tsamaiso e e neng e bontshiwa badirisi ba Wikipedia e ne e sa tlhole e tsentswe [[:en:Hard_coding|dikhoutu tse di thata]], mme se se ne sa dira gore [[:en:Wikipedia:Administrators|batsamaisi]] ba Wikipedia ba kgone go fetola dikarolo dingwe tsa segokaganyi sa MediaWiki, jaaka molaetsa o o neng o bontshiwa badirisi ba ba thibetsweng. * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2004, ditiro tsa disupaditlhaka se se fang disupaditlhaka tse dingwe ditirelo le tshedimosetso mo mafaratlhatlheng di ne tsa fudusiwa go tswa kwa San Diego, kwa California go ya kwa [[:en:Tampa,_Florida|Tampa, kwa Florida]].<ref>"[[mailarchive:wikitech-l/2004-February/008420.html|Server swapping soon]]". lists.wikimedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140618061009/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2004-February/008420.html Archived] from the original on June 18, 2014. Retrieved February 10, 2007.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e thola malatsi ka ngwaga wa 2004, lefelo la tshedimosetso tsotlhe tse di farologaneng di ne tsa tlhabololwa go nna mofuta o mošwa wa mananeo a sesupaditlhaka sa [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]]. * Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa 2004, go ne ga tlhagelela ditiragalo tsa ntlha tsa ditsenngwa tsa "go aroganngwa ka ditlhopha". Maano a ditlhopha, jaaka Diphetogo tsa Bosheng le Phetolo ya Tsebe E, di ne di ntse di le teng fa e sa le Wikipedia e tlhongwa. Le fa go ntse jalo, Sanger o ne a lebile maano jaaka manaane, le dipego tse di tsenngwang ka diatla, fa maiteko a go [[:en:Categorization|aroganya ka ditlhopa]] a ne a ikaegile ka ditsenngwa tsa go tlhaola ka ditlhopa ka bongwe mo pegong nngwe le nngwe ya ensaetlopedia, jaaka karolo ya go aroganya ka ditlhopha mo go golo mo go itirisang ga dipego tsa ensaetlopedia.<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Categorization|"Wikipedia:Categorization]]", Wikipedia. Retrieved 30 January 2007.</ref> * Morago ga kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le mararo ka ngwaga wa 2004, batsamaisi ba ne ba ka tseleganya mokgwa wa segokaganyi ka go fetola [[:en:Cascading_Style_Sheets|CSS]] mo pampiring ya mokgwa wa buka e le nngwe mo [[:en:MediaWiki:Monobook.css|MediaWiki:Monobook.css.]] * Gape ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 2004, ka MediaWiki 1.3, go ne ga tlhamiwa lefelo la maina la mokwalo wa go rulaganya diteng, le le letlang go [[:en:Transclusion|tsenngwa]] ga ditlhangwa tse di tlwaelesegileng . * Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 2005 ka oura ya boraro mo mosong ka Nako e e [[:en:Eastern_Time_Zone|Tlwaelesegileng ya Botlhaba]], bontsi jwa sesupaditlhaka se se fang disupaditlhaka tse dingwe ditirelo le tshedimosetso mo mafaratlhatlheng tsa Wikimedia di ne tsa fudusediwa kwa lefelong le lesha le le ka kwa ga mmila. Mananeo otlhe a Wikimedia a ne a sa dire ka nako e. * Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2013, kgato ya ntlha ya polokelo ya tshedimosetso ya [[:en:Wikidata|Wikidata]] ya interwiki e ne ya nna teng mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo tsa Wikipedia.<ref name=":13" /> * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2013, go ne ga tlhongwa segokaganyi sa go tseleganya sa VisualEditor, se se neng se letla badirisi go tseleganya Wikipedia ba dirisa morulaganyi wa mafoko wa [[:en:WYSIWYG|WYSIWYG]] (o o tshwanang le [[:en:Word_processor|modirisiwa wa go rulaganya mafoko]]) go na le [[:en:Wiki_markup|go tshwaya wiki]].<ref name=":18" /> Segokaganyi sa go fetolang se se tokafaditsweng didiriswa tsa mogala wa letheka le sone se ne sa gololwa.<ref name=":19" /> ==== '''Ponalo le mokgwa wa tiriso''' ==== ''Ponalo ya kwa ntle ya Wikipedia, tsela e e [[:en:Look_and_feel|lebegang ka yone, mokgwa o e dirang]] ka one, le letshwao la yone , tsotlhe jaaka di bonwa ke badirisi''. * Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatasi a le mane ka ngwaga wa 2002, BrilliantProse, e moragonyana e neng ya bidiwa Featured Articles (Ditlhogo tse di Tlhophilweng),<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Featured_articles|"Wikipedia:Featured articles"]]. Wikipedia. Retrieved 30 January 2007.</ref> e ne ya fudusiwa go tswa mo lefelong la pego go ya mo lefelong la Wikipedia. * Mo e ka nnangka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2003, go ne ga tsenngwa letshwao le lesha la Wikipedia.<ref>"[[m:International_logo_vote/Finalists|International logo vote/Finalists".]] Meta-Wiki. Wikimedia. [https://web.archive.org/web/20060716073834/http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/International_logo_vote/Finalists Archived] from the original on July 16, 2006. Retrieved July 8, 2006.</ref> Kgopolo ya letshwao leo e ne ya tlhophiwa ka tshegetso ya ditlhopho, mme morago ga moo ga latela tshekatsheko ya go tlhopha mofuta o o gaisang. Letshwao la bofelo le ne la tlhamiwa ke David Friedland (yo o dirisang leina la “''nohat''” mo Wikipedia), le ikaegile ka mokgwa le kgopolo tse di neng tsa tlhamiwa ke Paul Stansifer. * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2004, karolo ya “Did You Know (DYK)” e ne ya tlhagelela la ntlha mo Tsebeng e Kgolo. * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2004, ka nako ya ka oura ya bolesome le boferabongwe le metsotso e le masome a manê le borataro mo nakong ya UTC. Ponalo eo e ne ya akaretsa ditlhogo tse di tlhophilweng tsotlhe ka seatla, tse di neng di akaretsa:Setlhogo se se Tlhophilweng sa Letsatsi (Daily Featured Article),Ditiragalo tsa Segopotso (Anniversaries),Mo Dikgangnyeng (In the News),le Did You Know (DYK). * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlola malatsi a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 2005, go ne ga tlhongwa porata ya dipuo tsotlhe mo atereseng ya www.wikipedia.org, e e neng ya emisetsa go romela badirisi ka tlhamalalo kwa Wikipedia ya Seesimane. * Ka la 5 Tlhakole 2005, [[:en:Portal:Biology|tsebe e e kgobokanyang dikgokagano le tshedimosetso tsotlhe tse di amanang le setlhogo sa :Biology]] e ne ya tlhamiwa, mme ya nna tsebe ya ntlha ya setlhogo sengwe (thematic portal) mo Wikipedia ya Seesimane. Le fa go ntse jalo, kgopolo eo e ne e setse e simolotswe mo Wikipedia ya Sejeremane, kwa [[:de:Portal:Recht|tsebe e e kgobokanyang dikgokagano le tshedimosetso tsotlhe tse di amanang le setlhogo sa Recht]] :Recht (Dithuto tsa Molao) e neng ya tlhongwa ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2003.<ref>[[:de:Wikipedia:WikiProjekt Portale/2003|Portals on German Wikipedia ordered by date of creation.]]</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2005, Wikipedia ya Seesimane e ne ya simolola mokgwa wa go tlhagisa setshwantsho se se tlhophilweng sa letsatsi mo Tsebeng e Kgolo. * Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhla malatsi a le lseome le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2006, morago ga ditlhopho, Tsebe e konokono ya Wikipedia ya Seesimane e ne ya fetolwa sešwa la ntlha morago ga dingwaga di ka nna pedi. * Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2010, lefelo la tshedimosetso le ne la golola sebopego se sesha. Dikarolo tse disha di ne di akaretsa:letshwao le le ntšhafaditsweng, didirisiwa tse disha tsa go tsamaya mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ,le sedirisiwa sa go thusa go tlhama dikgokagano.<ref name=":17" /> === Diphetogo tsa thulaganyo ka ngwaga wa 2023 === ''"Vector 2022" e kaela gape fa. Go bona tshedimosetso ka go dirisa Vector 2022 mo Wikipedia, leba [[:en:Wikipedia:Vector_2022|Wikipedia:Vector 2022.]]'' [[Setshwantsho:Top of the Pluto page in the Vector skin.png|thumb]] [[Setshwantsho:Top of the Pluto page in the Vector 2022 skin.png|thumb|Pego ya Pluto mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane, e bontshiwa ka matlalo a Vector 2010 (ka fa molemeng) le Vector 2022 a kgontshitswe]] Vector 2022, e leng ntšhwafatso ya Vector 2010 ya sebopego sa pele sa Wikipedia, e ne ya itsisiwe ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa 2020, mme kwa tshimologong e ne e rulaganyeditswe go tlhagelela ka ngwaga wa 2021, pele ga e ka dirisiwa ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2023.<ref name=":21">Kurtz, Jason (September 24, 2020). [https://www.cnn.com/2020/09/24/tech/wikipedia-redesign-trnd/index.html "Wikipedia due to get its first substantial website redesign in a decade]". CNN Business. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120112945/https://www.cnn.com/2020/09/24/tech/wikipedia-redesign-trnd/index.html Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2023, Wikimedia e ne e dirile gore ntšhwafatso e nne teng [[:en:List_of_Wikipedias|mo dikgatisong tsa yone tsa puo]] di le makgolo a mararo; e ne e le tlwaelo ya diphetolelo tsa Searabia le Segerika.<ref name=":22">Fingas, Jon (January 19, 2023). [https://www.engadget.com/wikipedia-desktop-web-redesign-211000932.html "Wikipedia's first desktop design update in a decade doesn't rock the boat (updated)"]. Engadget. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230119195554/https://www.engadget.com/wikipedia-desktop-web-redesign-211000932.html Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref><ref name=":20" /><ref name=":23">[https://www.pcmag.com/news/wikipedia-desktop-site-gets-new-look-its-first-in-over-10-years "Wikipedia Desktop Site Gets New Look, Its First in Over 10 Years".] PC Magazine. January 18, 2023. [https://www.pcmag.com/news/wikipedia-desktop-site-gets-new-look-its-first-in-over-10-years Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> Vector 2022 e na le [[:en:User_interface|segokanyimmediamentsi sa sebolokigolo]] sa modirisi se se tlhabolotsweng se se dirang diphetogo tse dintsi mo thulaganyong ya dintlha tsa segokaganyi. Gareng ga tsone, lenaneo la go tlhopha puo, le pele le neng le le kafa molemeng wa sefatlhego sa sesupaditshwantsho, jaanong o fitlhelwa mo sekhutlong se se kwa godimo sa moja sa pontsho ya setlhogo se se balwang gone jaanong.<ref name=":23" /> Mo godimo ga moo, bara e e kafa thoko e kgona go phuthega ka fa morago ga [[:en:Hamburger_button|konopo ya hamburger]]. Vector 2022 gape e oketsa [[:en:Margin_(typography)|dintlha]] tsa pontsho ya dipego, e e nang le phelelo ya go lekanyetsa bophara jwa pego;<ref name=":23" /> go na le toggle e e ka fokotsang dintlha le go atolosa bophara jwa mola wa pego go tlatsa sefatlhego sa sesupaditshwantso.<ref name=":24">Perez, Sarah (January 18, 2023). [https://techcrunch.com/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-its-first-makeover-in-over-a-decade-and-its-fairly-subtle/ "Wikipedia gets its first makeover in over a decade... and it's fairly subtle"]. techcrunch.com. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230119214848/https://techcrunch.com/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-its-first-makeover-in-over-a-decade-and-its-fairly-subtle/ Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref><ref name=":20" /> Bogolo jwa mokwalo jo bo dirisiwang ka tlwaelo ga bo ise bo okediwe, le fa [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] o boleletse ''Engadget'' gore o solofela go dira se kgetho mo isagong.<ref name=":22" /> Tiro ya patlo le yone e ne ya tlhabololwa mo Vector 2022, ka gonne maduoa a ntshitshitsweng go araba dipotso tsa modirisi jaanong di akaretsa ditshwantsho le ditlhaloso tse dikhutshwane go tswa mo ditsebeng tse go buiwang ka tsone.<ref name=":23" /><ref name=":25">Nguyen, Britney. [https://www.businessinsider.com/new-wikipedia-update-looks-different-desktop-redesign-2023-1 "It's not just you  – Wikipedia looks different"]. ''Business Insider''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120012218/https://www.businessinsider.com/new-wikipedia-update-looks-different-desktop-redesign-2023-1 Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] o ne wa bolela gore phetogo eno e ne e tlhotlhelediwa ke keletso ya go dira gore lefelo leno le nne la segompieno le go tokafatsa maitemogelo a go tsamaya le go tseleganya mo babading ba ba senang maitemogelo a maranyane, ka gonne letlalo la pele le ne le tsewa le le "le le sa siamang le le le fekeetsang."<ref name=":21" /><ref name=":22" /><ref name=":24" /> Diteko tse di dirilweng ke motheo di ne tsa oketsa maduo a mokgatlho oo ka koketsego ya badirisi ba dipatlisiso ka karolo ya masome a mararo mo lekgolong, le phokotsego ya karolo ya lesome le botlhano mo lekgolong ya go tsamayatsamaya mo lefelong la tshedimosetso.<ref name=":22" /><ref name=":24" />Diphetolelo tsa ntlha tsa Vector 2022 di ne tsa simolola go dirisiwa la ntlha ka ngwaga wa 2020 mo mafelong a Wikipedia a puo ya Sefora, Sehebera le Sepotokisi,<ref name=":21" /> ​​jaaka fa dikarolo tse disha tsa sebopego di ne di anamisiwa mo badirising gore di lekwe ka iketlo pele ga le gololwa ka botlalo.<ref>Lyles, Taylor (September 24, 2020). [https://www.theverge.com/2020/9/23/21453300/wikipedia-desktop-redesign-2021 "Wikipedia is getting its first desktop redesign in 10 years".] The Verge. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120152848/https://www.theverge.com/2020/9/23/21453300/wikipedia-desktop-redesign-2021 Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> Sebopego se ne sa simolola go dirisiwa jaaka lsebopego se se tlwaelesegileng la babadi ba mafelo a Wikimedia ka dipuo di le makgolo a mararo (mo go tse makgolo a mararo le lesome le borobabobedi) ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2023.<ref name=":22" /><ref name=":20" /><ref name=":23" /> Morago ga go anamisa mo gontsi ga Vector 2022, go santse go kgonega go bala Wikipedia o dirisa sebopego se se fetileng. Le fa go ntse jalo, go dira jalo go tlhoka gore babadi ba ikwadisetse lenaneo le le letlellang go tsena mo Wikipedia, mme morago ba tlhome ditlhopho tsa bone go bontsha Vector 2010 boemong jwa seo.<ref name=":23" /> Ga go na diphetogo tse di dirilweng mo dibopegong tsa Wikipedia jaaka Monobook le Timeless, tse le tsone di sa ntseng di le teng go ka dirisiwa.<ref name=":20" /><ref>[https://gizmodo.com/wikipedia-wikimedia-online-encyclopedia-1850002977 "Try and Spot the Differences in Wikipedia's First New Look in 11 Years]". Gizmodo. January 18, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230119134259/https://gizmodo.com/wikipedia-wikimedia-online-encyclopedia-1850002977 Archived] from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref> [[:en:Wikipedia_users|Badirisi ba Wikipedia]] ba ne ba kgaogane ka diphetogo tse. Kopo ya tshwaelo mo [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] e e botsang baagi gore a Vector 2022 e tshwanetse go dirisiwa kgotsa nnyaa jaaka sebopego sa tlwaelo se kokoantse mafoko a a fetang dikete tse masome a borobabongwe mo dikarabong.<ref name=":20" /> Batshwayadiphoso ba go tlhamiwa sešwa ba ne ba ganetsa thata [[:en:White_space_(visual_arts)|phatlha e e tshweu]] e e tlogetsweng e le lolea mo sebopegong se lešwa, fa badirisi ba bangwe ba ne ba nyatsa batshwayadiphoso ba re ba na le kganetso ya phetogo.<ref name=":20" /> Barulaganyi ba le lekgolo le masome a marataro le botlhano ba ba neng ba tsaya karolo mo motlotlong ba ne ba sa amogele letlalo le lešwa, fa ba le lekgolo le masome a matlhano a le boraro ba ne ba rata, mme ba le robongwe ba ne ba nna ba sa tseye letlhakore.<ref name=":26">Pearl, Mike (January 18, 2023). [https://mashable.com/article/new-wikipedia-redesign "Yes, Wikipedia looks weird. Don't freak out"]. ''Mashable''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230120012235/https://mashable.com/article/new-wikipedia-redesign Archived] from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved January 20, 2023.</ref><ref name=":20" /><ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3ARequests_for_comment%2FDeployment_of_Vector_%282022%29&diff=latest&oldid=1117412136 Wikipedia history page".] ''en.wikipedia.org''.</ref> Le fa go ne go na le palo e kgolo ya barulaganyi ba ba neng ba tlhagisa gore ga ba batle gore Vector 2022 e dirisiwe ka sebopego sa yone sa ga jaana, ka tumalano mo Wikipedia e sa tseelwe tshwetso ka tlhopo, puisane e ne ya tswalelwa go go tshegetsa sebobego se sesha, go akanyediwa ditshwaelo tse di siameng tse di tlogetsweng ke badirisi ba bangwe.<ref name=":26" /><ref name=":20" /> Batlhami ba Vector 2022 ba dirile diphetogo dingwe mo sebopegong go tsibogela ditshwaelo, tse di jaaka go tsenya toggle go kgontsha diteng tsa pego go tlatsa bophara jotlhe jwa sefatlhego sa sesupaditshwantso.<ref name=":20" /><ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Requests_for_comment/Deployment_of_Vector_(2022)&oldid=1138588215 "Wikipedia:Requests for comment/Deployment of Vector (2022)"]. February 10, 2023 – via Wikipedia.</ref> Badirisi ba [[:en:Swahili_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seswahili]] ba ne ba sa dumalane ka bongwefela jwa pelo le go tsenngwa tirisong ga sebopego se lešwa.<ref name=":20" /> Babegadikgang ba ba neng ba tsibogela go anamisa ga Vector 2022 ba ne ba tsaya ntšhwafatso le dikarolo tse disha tse di tlhagisitsweng e le ditlaleletso tse di mosola, mme ka kakaretso ba ne ba tlhalosa sebopego jaaka ntšhwafatso e nnye e e neng ya se ka ya fetola maitemogelo a bone a go bala mo Wikipedia.<ref name=":25" /><ref name=":20" /> <ref name=":24" />[[:en:Annie_Rauwerda|Annie Rauwerda]], motlhami wa lenaneo la go letlella go tsena tsa media wa loago tsa [[:en:Depths_of_Wikipedia|Boteng jwa Wikipedia]], o kwadile mo [[:en:Slate_(magazine)|''Slate'']] gore Vector 2022 e ne e sa "farologane thata" le letlalo le le fetileng. Rauwerda o ne a lemoga gape go tshwana fa gare ga tsibogo ya baagi ba Wikipedia kgatlhanong le moakanyetso le dikganetso tsa nako e e fetileng tsa diphetogo tse di tshwanang tsa pono mo mafelong a a tlwaelegileng a a jaaka [[:en:Reddit|Reddit]].<ref name=":20" /> Rauwerda, le Mike Pearl wa ''Mashable'', ba ne ba akgela ka gore badirisi ba ba sa itumeleleng phetogo eo ba ka nna ba sekaseka mo motlotlong o o buang ka sebopego se, kgotsa ba dirisa ditiriso tsa go itebaganya tse di ageletsweng mo lefelong leo go fetola maitemogelo a bone a go bala.<ref name=":26" /><ref name=":20" /> === Dipopego tse di mo teng === ''Matshwao a naga mo setšhabeng sa Wikipedia, le tlhabololo ya mokgatlho wa yone, [[:en:Wikipedia:Administration|dibopego tsa ka fa gare]], le'' ''melawana.'' * Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2001, Wales e tlhalosa semmuso "ntlha ya pono e e sa tseyeng letlhakore",<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20010416035757/http://www.wikipedia.com/wiki/NeutralPointOfView NeutralPointOfView]". Wikipedia. Archived from [https://www.wikipedia.com/wiki/NeutralPointOfView the original] on April 16, 2001. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> melawanaya konokono ya botseleganyi e e sa buisanelweng ya Wikipedia,<ref>"A few things are absolute and non-negotiable, though. NPOV for example." [https://mail.wikipedia.org/pipermail/wikien-l/2003-November/008096.html in statement by Jimbo Wales in November 2003] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051125190519/http://mail.wikipedia.org/pipermail/wikien-l/2003-November/008096.html|date=25 November 2005}} and, in this thread reconfirmed by [[mailarchive:wikien-l/2006-April/044388.html|Jimbo Wales in April 2006]] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140618224657/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikien-l/2006-April/044388.html|date=18 June 2014}} in the context of lawsuits.</ref> go tlhamiwa sešwa ga pholisi ya "Go tlhoka go tsaya letlhakore" e e tlhalositsweng ke Sanger ya Nupedia ka dikgakologo kgotsa ka selemo sa 2000, e e neng e akaretsa bontsi jwa melaometheo ya sa1.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20010331211742/http://www.nupedia.com/policy.shtml "Nupedia: Editorial Policy Guidelines"]. www.nupedia.com. March 31, 2001. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/policy.shtml the original] on March 31, 2001. Retrieved March 16, 2023. Nupedia articles are, in terms of their content, to be unbiased. There may be respectable reference works that permit authors to take recognizable stands on controversial issues, but this is not one of them ... "On every issue ... is it very difficult or impossible for the reader to determine what the view is to which the author adheres?" ... for each controversial view discussed, the author of an article (at a bare minimum) mention various opposing views that are taken seriously by any significant minority of experts (or concerned parties) on the subject ... In a final version of the article, every party to the controversy in question must be able to judge that its views have been fairly presented, or as fairly as is possible in a context in which other, opposing views must also be presented as fairly as possible.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa 2001, tirisanommogo ka setlhogo mo [[:en:Wikipedia:WikiProject|mananeong a a Wiki]] e ne ya tlhagisiwa.<ref>"[[:en:Wikipedia:WikiProject_proposal|Wikipedia:WikiProject proposal – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia"]]. English Wikipedia. May 18, 2008. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110506091041/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_proposal Archived] from the original on May 6, 2011. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2002, matshwenyego ka ga kotsi ya go tlhotlhomisiwa le go rekisiwa ga yone mo isagong ke Bomis Inc (moamogedi wa ntlha wa Wikipedia) mmogo le go tlhoka netefaletso ya gore seno ga se kitla se diragala, go ne ga dira gore bontsi jwa batsayakarolo ba [[:es:|Wikipedia ya Sepanishe]] ba kgaogane le go e tlhoma ka nosi jaaka ''[[:en:Enciclopedia_Libre|Enciclopedia Libre]]''.<ref>[http://enciclopedia.us.es/index.php/Enciclopedia:Por_qu%E9_estamos_aqu%ED_y_no_en_es.wikipedia.org Why we are here and not in Wikipedia] [https://web.archive.org/web/20220710072544/http://enciclopedia.us.es/index.php/Enciclopedia:Por_qu%E9_estamos_aqu%ED_y_no_en_es.wikipedia.org Archived] 10 July 2022 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] (in Spanish, under GFDL)</ref> Morago ga go tlhalosiwa ga maemo a Wikipedia le gore ga e a dira kgwebo moragonyana mo ngwageng oo, dipuisano tsa go kopanngwa gape fa gare ga ''Enciclopedia Libre'' le Wikipedia ya Sepanishe e e neng ya tlhongwa sešwa di ne tsa nna teng ka dinako tse dingwe ka ngwaga wa 2002 le ngwaga wa 2003, mme ga go a ka ga fitlhelelwa tshwetso epe. Ka ngwaga wa 2011, ''Enciclopedia Libre'' e ne e tsewa e le mo kwelotlaseng;<ref>Tkacz, Nathaniel (January 20, 2011). [https://www.wired.com/story/wikipedia-spanish-fork/ "The Spanish Fork: Wikipedia's ad-fuelled mutiny"]. Wired. Retrieved August 21, 2025.</ref> e ne ya emisa go dira kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2024. * Gape ka ngwaga wa 2002, dintlha tsa melawana le mokgwa di ne tsa tlhalosiwa ka go tlhamiwa ga ''Bukana ya Mokgwa'', mmogo le melawana le dikaelo tse dingwe di le mmalwa.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style&oldid=171156 "Wikipedia:Manual of Style]", Wikipedia, August 23, 2002, retrieved March 16, 2023</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa 2002, go ne ga tlhomiwa manaane a mašwa a go romela a WikiEN le Announce, mmogo le manaane a mangwe a go romelaka poso a puo, go fokotsa bontsi jwa batho ba ba tsenang mo manaaneng a go romela ka poso.<ref>"[https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_News/2002&oldid=486954 Wikimedia News/2002 – Meta"]. Meta.wikimedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150903231255/https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_News/2002&oldid=486954 Archived] from the original on September 3, 2015. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2003, molao o o kgatlhanong le go fetola [[:en:Wikipedia:Autobiography|buka ya botshelo jwa motho]] o ne wa tlhagisiwa.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Autobiography&oldid=1220207 "Wikipedia:Autobiography – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia"]. En.wikipedia.org. July 30, 2003. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150903231255/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Autobiography&oldid=1220207 Archived] from the original on September 3, 2015. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2003, kopano ya ntlha ya "nnete" ya badiri ba Wikipedia e ne ya diragala kwa [[:en:Munich|Munich]]. Ditoropo di le dintsi di ne tsa latela, mme go ise go ye kae go ne ga tlhomiwa dikokoano di le mmalwa tsa nako le nako tsa Wikipedia mo lefatsheng lotlhe. Merafe e le mmalwa tsa maranyane, go akaretsa le nngwe mo lefelong la tshedimosetso e e tumileng ya blog ya [[:en:LiveJournal|LiveJournal]], le tsone di tlhagile fa e sa le ka nako eo. * Go tloga ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e thola malatsi a le masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa 2004 [[:en:Wikipedia:Browse|Wikipedia:Batla]] le [[:en:Wikipedia:Browse_by_overview|Wikipedia:Batla ka kakaretso]] tse pele di neng di le mo Tsebeng ya konokono di ne tsa emisediwa ka dikgokagano tsa kakaretso. Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2004 go ne ga simololwa ''Kgoro ya merafe'',<ref>"[[:en:Wikipedia:Community_Portal|Wikipedia:Community Portal]]", Wikipedia. Retrieved 30 January 2007.</ref> go dira jaaka tsepamo ya maiteko a morafe. Tse di ne di fitlhelelwa mo nakong e e fetileng ka tsela e e sa tlhomamang, ka dingongorego ka bongwe tsa Diphetogo tsa Bosheng, ka mokgwa wa wiki, jaaka tirisanommogo ya nakwana fa gare ga barulaganyi ba ba nang le mogopolo o o tshwanang. * Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse go fitlhela ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ya ngwaga wa 2005 morago ga [[:en:Wikipedia_Seigenthaler_biography_incident|kganetsano ya Seigenthaler]] le matshwenyego a mangwe a a tshwanang,<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons&oldid=31753956 "Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons"], Wikipedia, December 17, 2005, [https://web.archive.org/web/20210609020908/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons&oldid=31753956 archived] from the original on June 9, 2021, retrieved March 16, 2023</ref> dikarolo le melawana e le mmalwa tse di kgatlhanong le tirisobotlhaswa di ne tsa okediwa mo Wikipedia. Tse e ne e le: ** [[m:CheckUser Policy|Molawana wa "Checkuser]]" ([[:en:Software_tool|katoloso]] ya [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]] go thusa go lemoga tirisobotlhaswa ka go dirisa [[:en:Sock_puppet_account|sesupo sa modirisi mo lefelong la tshedimosetso sa maaka sa inthanete]]) e ne ya tlhongwa ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele ka ngwaga wa 2005.<ref>[[m:CheckUser policy|"CheckUser policy]]", Meta-Wiki. Retrieved 25 January 2007. Checkuser function had previously existed but was known as Espionage – for example, in the Arbitration Committee [[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2005-09-26/Arbitration_report|case of JarlaxleArtemis.]]</ref> Tiro ya [[:en:Checkuser|Checkuser]] e ne e le teng mo nakong e e fetileng mme e ne e tsewa jaaka sedirisiwa sa tsamaiso ka nako eo, ka jalo go ne go sa tlhokege molawana o o akaretsang tiriso ka tlwaelo.<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2005-10-17/News_and_notes|Checkuser proposal]] Wikipedia Signpost</ref> ** Go tlhamiwa ga ditsebe tse dišwa mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane go ne go lekanyeditswe fela barulaganyi ba ba neng ba tlhamile sesupo sa modirisi mo lefelong la tshedimosetso.<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2005-12-05/Page_creation_restrictions|"Page creation restrictions]]", Wikipedia Signpost / English Wikipedia. Retrieved 31 January 2007.</ref> ** Go tsenngwa le go amogelwa ka bonako ga molawana [[:en:Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_people|Wikipedia:Ditshedimosetso tsa batho ba ba tshelang]], go fa thulaganyo e e gagametseng thata ya taolo ya boleng le go tlhola dintlha mo dipegong tsa ditshedimosetso tse di amanang le batho ba ba tshelang. ** Tiro le molawana wa "semi-protection",<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2005-12-26/Semi-protection|"Semi-protection policy]]", Wikipedia Signpost / English Wikipedia. Retrieved 30 January 2007.</ref> e e letlang gore ditsebe di sirelediwe gore e nne fela ba ba nang le sesupo sa modirisi mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ba ba ka kgonang go fetola. *Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 2006, go ne ga tlhagisiwa karolo e ntšha ya "botlhokomedi" mo Wikipedia ya Seesemane, e e letlang badirisi ba le mmalwa ba ba ikanyegang thata go phimolela ruri dipoeletso tsa tsebe tse di nang e e nang le tlolo ya ditshwanelo tsa mokwadi kgotsa tshedimosetso e e senyang seriti sa motho kgotsa ya motho mo ditsong tsa tsebe. Pele ga se, go phimola mofuta wa tsebe go ne go le bokete, mme gape mefuta e e phimotsweng e ne e nna e bonala mo batsamaising ba bangwe mme e ne e ka phimolwa ke bone. *Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2007, setlhopha sa morafpotlana se se neng se bidiwa [[:en:Wikipedia:Esperanza|Esperanza]] se ne sa phatlaladiwa ka tumalano ya setšhaba. Esperanza e ne ya simolola e le maiteko a go rotloetsa “[[:en:Wikipedia:WikiLove|wikilove]]” (lorato le tlotlo magareng ga badirisi ba wiki) le mafaratlhatlha a tshegetso ya loago, mme morago ya itirela ngwao ya sone e e kgethegileng le dithulaganyo tsa sone tsa sephiri.<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2007-01-02/Experanza|Esperanza organization disbanded after deletion discussion]] Wikipedia Signpost 2 January 2007</ref> Go phatlaladiwa ga yone go ne ga tlhalosiwa e le tharabololo e e botlhoko mme e le botlhokwa mo lenaneong le le neng e letleletse barulaganyi go “ipona e le Ba-Esperanza pele ga tsotlhe.<ref>[[:en:WP:MFD/EA|"Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Wikipedia:Esperanza – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia"]]. En.wikipedia.org. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref>” Bontsi jwa mananeo a a mannye a Esperanza a ne a busediwa mo Wikipediang jaaka mananeo a a ikemetseng, mme bontsi jwa one jaanong ga a sa tlhole di dirisiwa. Fa setlhopha se ne se tlhamiwa ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa 2005, go ne go setse go na le matshwenyego a gore kwa bofelong se ne se tla atlholwa ka tsela eo. <ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2005-09-19/Esperanza_group|New group aims to promote Wiki-Love]] Wikipedia Signpost 19 September 2005</ref> *Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2007, maduo a tshekatsheko ya molawana wa dikgwedi di le nne ke setlhopha sa tiro sa barulaganyi ba le makgolo a le mmalwa ba ba neng ba batla go kopanya melawana ya konokono ya Wikipedia go nna molawana o le mongwe wa konokono ([[:en:Wikipedia:Attribution|Wikipedia:Attribution]]) di ne tsa botsolodiwa go bona tshegetso ya morafe. Tshitshinyo ga e a ka ya bona tumalano; pono e e botlhokwa e ne ya bonala gore popego e e leng teng ya melawana e e meraro e e tiileng e e tsepameng e e akaretsang dikarolo tse di farologaneng tsa molwana, e ne e bonwa gangwe le gape e le e e thusang thata mo taolong ya boleng go na le tshitshinyo e le nngwe e e kopantsweng ka kakaretso. * Tiro le molawana ya "wa tshireletso yo sa hellang",<ref>"[[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2005-12-26/Semi-protection|Semi-protection policy"]], Wikipedia Signpost / English Wikipedia. Retrieved 30 January 2007.</ref> o o letlang gore ditsebe di sirelediwe gore e nne fela ba ba nang le sesupo sa modirisi mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ba ba ka tseleganyang. === Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia le dithulaganyo tsa semolao === ''Sebopego sa semolao le sa [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|mokgatlo sa Wikimedia]] , balaodi ba yone, le ditiro tsa yone jaaka e le [[:en:Foundation_(nonprofit_organization)|mokgatlho]].'' * Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2002, ka bonako morago ga gore Jimmy Wales a itsise gore ga a kitla a tsamaisa dipapatso tsa kgwebo mo Wikipedia, [[:en:Uniform_Resource_Locator|URL]] ya Wikipedia e ne ya fetolwa go tswa go ''wikipedia.com'' go ya go ''wikipedia.org'' ([[:en:.com|.com]] le [[:en:.org|.org]]). * Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo ka ngwaga wa 2003, [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] o ne wa tlhongwa. * Komiti ya ditlhaeletsano e ne ya tlhamiwa ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2006 go laola le dipotso tsa bobegakgang le melaetsa e e amogetsweng ya mokgatlho le Wikipedia ka [[:en:OTRS|OTRS]] e e sa tswang go tsenngwa tirisong (thulaganyo ya go tshwara ditekete). * Angela Beesley le [[:en:Florence_Nibart-Devouard|Florence Nibart-Devouard]] ba ne ba tlhophiwa go nna leloko la setlhopa sa batsamaisi sa [[:en:Trustee|Batlhokomedi]] ba [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]]. Ka nako eo, Angela o ne a le matlhagatlhaga mo go rulaganyeng diteng le go tlhoma melawana, e e jaaka melawana ya sephiri, mo teng ga mokgatlho.<ref>Riehle, Dirk. "[https://www.riehle.org/computer-science/research/2006/wikisym-2006-interview.html How and Why Wikipedia Works: An Interview with Angela Beesley, Elisabeth Bauer, and Kizu Naoko"]. riehle.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055531/https://www.riehle.org/computer-science/research/2006/wikisym-2006-interview.html Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 2006, ''Wikipedia'' e ne ya nna letshwaokgwebo le le kwadisitsweng la Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia.<ref>"[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2006-01-16/Trademark_registered&oldid=35499220 Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2006-01-16/Trademark registered".] Wikipedia. January 16, 2006. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150903231255/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2006-01-16/Trademark_registered&oldid=35499220 Archived] from the original on September 3, 2015. Retrieved January 14, 2007.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2006, Angela Beesley o ne a rola tiro mo botong ya [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170707225015/https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Press_releases/Angela_Beesley_resigns_from_Wikimedia_Foundation_board "Angela Beesley resigns from Wikimedia Foundation board".] Wikimedia Foundation press release. July 7, 2006. Archived from [[foundationsite:wiki/Press_releases/Angela_Beesley_resigns_from_Wikimedia_Foundation_board|the original]] on July 7, 2017.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2006, [[:en:Florence_Nibart-Devouard|Florence Nibart-Devouard]] o ne a nna modulasetilo wa setlhopa sa batsamaisis sa Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia. === Dikgato tsa botlhokwa tsa diphetogo le mananeo === ''Ditsebe tsa konokono : [[:en:Wikipedia:Statistics|Wikipedia:Dipalopalo]], [[:en:List_of_Wikipedias|Lenaane la Diwikipedia]], le [[:en:Wikipedia:Milestones#Wikipedia_milestones|Wikipedia:Diphitlhelelo]]Mananeo a kgaitsadi le dikgato tsa botlhokwa tse di amanang le dipego, motheo wa badirisi, le dipalopalo tse dingwe.'' * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga 2001, phetogo ya ntlha e e kwadilweng ya Wikipedia e ne ya dirwa. * Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2002, lenaneo la ntlha la kgaitsadi, [[:en:Wiktionary|Wiktionary]], e ne ya tlhamiwa; e ikaelela go dira [[:en:Dictionary|buka ya thanodi]] le [[:en:Thesaurus|buka ya mafoko]] a a tshwanang ya mafoko a dipuo tsotlhe. E dirisa lenaneo la sesupaditlhaka le le tshwanang le Wikipedia. * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2003, [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] e ne ya tlhagisiwa gape mo [[:en:Slashdot_effect|Slashdot]] morago ga go fitlhelela palo ya dipego di le dikete di le lekgolo ka setlhogo sa [[:en:Hastings,_New_Zealand|Hastings]]. Malatsi a le mabedi morago ga moo, Wikipedia ya puo ya Sejeremane, e leng mofuta o mogolo go gaisa wa Wikipedia o e seng wa Seesemane, e ne ya feta palo ya dipego di le '''dikete tse lesome'''. * Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2003, e leng letsatsi le [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] e neng ya tlhamiwa ka lone, “[[:en:Wikiquote|Wikiquote]]” e ne ya tlhamiwa. Kgwedi morago ga moo, “[[:en:Wikibooks|Wikibooks]]” e ne ya itsisiwe semmuso . “[[:en:Wikisource|Wikisource]]” yone e ne ya tlhamiwa kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga oo. * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2004, Wikipedia e ne ya fitlhelela palo ya ditlhogo di le dikete tse makgolo a mabedi mo puong ya Seesemane ka setlhogo ka ga [[:en:Neil_Warnock|Neil Warnock]], mme ya fitlhelela ditlhogo di le dikete dile makgolo a mane le botlhano fa go kopanngwa Wikipedia ya Seesemane le tse e seng tsa Seesemane. Kgwedi e e latelang, palo yotlhe ya ditlhogo tsa Wikipedia ya Seesemane le tse e seng tsa Seesemane e ne ya fitlha ko diketeng tse makgolo a matlhano. * Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2004, palo ya dipego tsa Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya fitlha dikete tse makgolo a mabedi le botlhano. * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 2004, palo ya ditlhogo tsa Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya fitlha dikete di le makgolo a mararo. * Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2004, palo yotlhe ya dipego tsa Wikipedia e ne ya feta sedikadike se le sengwe mo dipuong tse di fetang lekgolo le botlhano; lenaneo le le ne la bona tlhokomelo e kgolo mo metsweding ya dikgang.<ref>[[m:PR-1mil-US|One million Wikipedia articles]]</ref> Pego ya sedikadike sa ntlha e ne ya gatisiwa mo [[:en:Hebrew_Wikipedia|Wikipediang ya Sehebera]] mme e ne e bua ka [[:en:Flag_of_Kazakhstan|folaga ya Kazakhstan]] * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone (2004), palo ya dipego tsa Wikipedia ya Seesemane e fitlheletse '''dikete di le makgolo a le mane.''' * Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borobedi ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano (2005), Wikipedia e fetile letshwao la dipego di le '''makgolo a matlhano a dikete''' mo puong ya Seesemane, mme setlhogo sa “[[:en:Involuntary_settlements_in_the_Soviet_Union|Involuntary settlements in the Soviet Union]]” sa nna setlhogo sa kgato eo ya botlhokwa.<ref>[[foundationsite:wiki/Press_releases/500k_English_articles|"Wikipedia Publishes 500,000th English Article".]] Wikimediafoundation.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100616193053/http://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Press_releases/500k_English_articles Archived] from the original on June 16, 2010. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong mo ngwageng wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano (2005), Wikipedia e ne ya nna lefelo la tshedimosetso e e neng e etelwa thata mo Inthaneteng go ya ka [[:en:Hitwise|Hitwise]], mme ya feta [[:en:Dictionary.com|Dictionary.com]]. * Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano (2005), [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] e fetile letshwao la dipego di le '''makgolo a supa masome a matlhano a dikete.''' * Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e tlhola letsatsi le le lengwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e fetile letshwao la dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''', mme setlhogo sa “[[:en:Jordanhill_railway_station|Jordanhill railway station”]] sa nna setlhogo sa kgato eo ya botlhokwa.<ref name=":37">While this article was announced as the milestone on the Main Page, multiple articles qualified due to the continuous creation and deletion of pages on the site.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le robedi ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro (2006), [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] e fetile letshwao la dipego tse di tlhophilweng thata di le sekete, mme “[[:en:Iranian_peoples|Iranian peoples]]” sa nna setlhogo sa kgato eo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170708005544/https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Press_releases/English_Wikipedia_Announces_Thousandth_Featured_Article "English Wikipedia Announces Thousandth Featured Article"]. Wikimedia Foundation. June 8, 2006. Archived from [[foundationsite:wiki/Press_releases/English_Wikipedia_Announces_Thousandth_Featured_Article|the original]] on July 8, 2017. Retrieved December 21, 2012.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro, Wikimedia Foundation e ne ya tlhoma [[:en:Wikiversity|Wikiversity]].<ref>[[wm2006:Opening_Plenary_(transcript)|"Opening Plenary (transcript) – Wikimania"]]. wikimania2006.wikimedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316104238/https://wikimania2006.wikimedia.org/wiki/Opening_Plenary_(transcript) Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023. Jimbo Wales, Wikimania 2006 ([http://www.supload.com/listen?s=SI0OG2vN04i audio] [https://web.archive.org/web/20131020184036/http://www.supload.com/listen?s=SI0OG2vN04i Archived] 20 October 2013 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]])</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola letsatsi la ntlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro (2006), Wikipedia e fetile letshwao la ditlhogo di le didikadike di le tlhano mo dipuong di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mabedi le borobongwe. * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bone ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro (2006), Wikipedia ya Seesemane e fetile letshwao la ditlhogo di le sedikadike se le sengwe le sephatlo ka [[:en:Kanab_ambersnail|Kanab ambersnail]] e itsisiwe mo Tsebeng e Kgolo jaaka setlhogo sa botlhokwa.<ref name=":37" /> * Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le bonè ka ngwaga wa 2007, tlhopho ya ntlha ya CD ya Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya phasaladiwa e le go laolla mahala.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080704141459/http://fixedreference.org/2006-Wikipedia-CD-Selection "A Schools Global Citizen Resource from SOS Children"]. Fixedreference.org. Archived from [http://fixedreference.org/2006-Wikipedia-CD-Selection the original] on July 4, 2008. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2007, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e fetile letshwao la ditlhogo di le milione o le mongwe le dikete di le makgolo a supa masome a matlhano. Setlhogo sa [[:en:RAF_raid_on_La_Caine_HQ|“RAF raid on La Caine HQ]]” sa nna setlhogo sa bo milione o le mongwe le dikete di le makgolo a supa masome a matlhano. * Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le robongwe ka ngwaga wa 2007, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e fetile letshwao la ditlhogo di le '''didikadike di le pedi.''' Setlhogo sa [[:en:El_Hormiguero|''“El Hormiguero”'']] se ne sa amogelwa ka tumalano ya setšhaba jaaka setlhogo sa bo dimilione di le pedi. * Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobedi ka ngwaga wa 2008, Wikipedia e fetile letshwao la ditlhogo di le '''didikadike di le lesome''' mo mefuteng yotlhe ya dipuo di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a matlhano le bongwe. * Ka kgwedi ya Diphalane e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bongwe ka ngwaga wa 2008, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e fetile letshwao la ditlhogo di le dimilione di le pedi le sephatlo. Le fa go ne go sa dirwa maiteko a semolao a go tlhopha setlhogo sa bo '''didikadike di le pedi le sephatlo''', “[[:en:Joe_Connor_(baseball)|Joe Connor (baseball)”]] e ne ya akanyediwa e ka nna yone setlhogo seo. * Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2009, [[:en:German_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] e fetile letshwao la dipego di le '''didikadike di le tharo''', mme “Beate Eriksen” ya itsisiwe mo Tsebeeng e Kgolo jaaka setlhogo sa kgato eo ya botlhokwa. * Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le supa ka ngwaga wa 2009, [[:en:German_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejeremane]] e fetile letshwao la dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''', mme ya nna mofuta wa bobedi wa Wikipedia wa puo o o fitlheletseng palo eo. * Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bongwe ka ngwaga wa 2010, [[:en:French_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sefora]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''' mme ya nna kgatiso ya boraro ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bobedi 2010, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya feta letshwao la dipego di le '''didikadike di le tharo le dikete tse tlhano'''. * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bobedi 2011, Wikipedia e ne ya feta diathikele di le '''didikadike di le masome a mabedi'''. mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo di le makgolo a le mabedi le masome a borobabobedi le bobedi. * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanaitseele e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 2011, [[:en:German_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejeremane]] e ne ya feta diphetogo tsa ditsebe di le '''didikadike di le lekgolo'''.. * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bone ka ngwaga wa 2011, [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] e ne ya feta diphetogo tsa ditsebe di le '''didikadike di le makgolo a matlhano'''. * Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2011, [[:en:Dutch_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sedatšhe]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya bone ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2012, [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''didikadike di le nne,''' ka [[:en:Ezbet_El_Borg|Izbat al-Burj]].<ref>"[http://blog.wikimedia.org.uk/2012/07/english-language-wikipedia-hits-4-million-articles/ English language Wikipedia hits 4 million articles!"]. Wikimedia UK Blog. [[:en:Wikimedia_UK|Wikimedia UK]]. July 13, 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121222030833/http://blog.wikimedia.org.uk/2012/07/english-language-wikipedia-hits-4-million-articles/ Archived] from the original on December 22, 2012. Retrieved July 13, 2012.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:Dutch_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya SeItaly]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya botlhano ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bongwe ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:Russian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Russia]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe,''' mme ya nna kgatiso ya borataro ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:Spanish_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sepanishe]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya bosupa ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:Swedish_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sesweden]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya borobedi ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:Polish_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Poland]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya borobongwe ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bongwe ka ngwaga wa 2013, Wikipedia e ne ya feta dipego di le '''didikadike di le masome a mararo''' mo dikgatisong tsotlhe di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a borobabobedi le bosupa tsa dipuo. * Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome lebosupa ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:French_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sefora]] e ne ya feta diphetogo tsa ditsebe di le '''didikadike di le lekgolo.''' * Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2014, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya feta letshwao la dipego di le '''didikadike di le nne le makgolo a matlhano.''' * Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2014, [[:en:Waray_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Waray]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya bolesome ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2014, [[:en:Vietnamese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Vietnam]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya bolesome le bongwe ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2014, [[:en:Cebuano_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Cebuano]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya bolesomepedi ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 2015, [[:en:Swedish_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sesweden]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''didikadike di le pedi''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya bobedi ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola letsatsi ka ngwaga wa 2015, [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''didikadike di le tlhano''' ka ''Persoonia terminalis'', mme e na le barulaganyi ba feta dikete tse lekgolo le masome a mabedi le botlhano ba ba dirileng paakanyo e le nngwe kgotsa go feta mo malatsing a le masome a mararo a a fetileng. * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola letsatsi ka ngwaga wa 2016, [[:en:Japanese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejapane]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya bolesometharo ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a le lesome le bone ka ngwaga wa 2016, [[:en:Cebuano_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Secebuano]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''didikadike di le pedi''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya boraro ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2016, [[:en:Swedish_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sesweden]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''didikadike di le tharo''' , mme ya nna kgatiso ya boraro ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2016, Wikipedia e ne ya feta dipego di le '''didikadike di le masome a mane''' mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo di le 293. * Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2016, [[:en:Cebuano_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Cebuano]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''didikadike di le tharo''' mme ya nna kgatiso ya bone ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2016, [[:en:German_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejeremane]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''didikadike di le pedi''' mme ya nna kgatiso ya botlhano ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola malatsi a le mararo ka ngwaga wa 2017, [[:en:Cebuano_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Secebuano]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''didikadike tse nne''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya bobedi ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 2017, [[:en:Spanish_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sepanishe]] e ne ya feta diphetogo tsa ditsebe di le '''didikadike di le lekgolo''' . * Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2017, [[:en:Russian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Russia]] e ne ya feta diphetogo tsa ditsebe di le '''didikadike di le lekgolo.''' * Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2017, [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] e fetile letshwao la dipego di le '''didikadike di le tlhano le dikete tse botlhano.''' * Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2018, [[:en:Chinese_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Setšhaena]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''' , mme ya nna kgatiso ya bolesome le bone ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2018, Wikipedia ya Sepotokisi e ne ya feta '''sedikadike se le sengwe''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya bolesome le botlhano ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2018, Wikipedia ya Sefora e ne ya feta dipego di le '''didikadike di le pedi,''' mme ya nna kgatiso ya botlhano ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bone ka ngwaga wa 2018, Wikipedia ya Searabia e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''' mme ya nna kgatiso ya bolesomethataro ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2019, Wikipedia ya Sepanishe e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe le dikete tse tlhano''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya bosupa ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola letsatsi ka ngwaga wa 2019, Dikgang tsa Wikipedia di ne tsa bala gape gore Wikipedia ya Sentadiana e fetile dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe le dikete tse tlhano''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya borobedi ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e tlhola malatsi a le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2019, Wikipedia e ne ya feta dipego di le '''didikadike di le masome a matlhano''' dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo di le makgolo a mararo le borobabongwe. * Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola malatsi a le mabedi ka ngwaga wa 2019, Wikipedia ya Se-Azerbaijan Borwa e ne ya feta diphetogo tsa ditsebe di le '''sedikadike sele sengwe'''. * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanaitseele e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2019, Wikipedia ya Searabia e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''' , mme ya nna kgatiso ya bolesomerobedi ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2020, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya feta dipego di le '''didikadike di le thataro''', mme Maria Elise Turner Lauder e ne e le athikele e e botlhokwa thata. * Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e tlhola malatsi a le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2020, Wikipedia ya Sedatšhe e ne ya feta dipego di le '''didikadike di le pedi''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya borataro ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2020, Wikipedia ya Seukraine e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''' mme ya nna kgatiso ya bolesome le bosupa ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola letsatsi ka ngwaga wa 2020, Wikipedia ya Searabia sa Egepeto e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''' , mme ya nna kgatiso ya bolesomerobedi ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2020, Wikipedia ya Sebengali e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''' .<ref>"[[m:Research:A_Brief_Analysis_of_Bengali_Wikipedia’s_Journey_to_100,000_Articles/en#cite_note-100K-5|Research:A Brief Analysis of Bengali Wikipedia's Journey to 100,000 Articles – Meta"]]. meta.wikimedia.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220319233514/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Research:A_Brief_Analysis_of_Bengali_Wikipedia%E2%80%99s_Journey_to_100,000_Articles/en#cite_note-100K-5 Archived] from the original on March 19, 2022. Retrieved March 5, 2022.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le mararo ka ngwaga wa 2021, Wikipedia ya Semalagasy e ne ya feta diphetogo tsa ditsebe '''sedikadike se le sengwe''' * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi nne ka ngwaga wa 2021, Wikipedia ya Seesemane e ne ya feta diphetogo tsa ditsebe di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''' . * Ka kgwedi ya Diphalane e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bone ka ngwaga wa 2021, Wikipedia ya Se-Cebuano e ne ya feta dipego di le '''didikadike di le thataro''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya bobedi ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo. * Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bone ka ngwaga wa 2021, [[:en:Polish_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Poland]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''' '''le dikete tse tlhano''', mme ya nna kgatiso ya bolesomepedi ya puo ya Wikipedia go dira jalo.<ref name=":38">"[https://meta.m.wikipedia.org/ Wikipedia News/2022".] meta.wikipedia.org. Retrieved August 26, 2023.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2021, Wikipedia ya Searabia sa Egepeto e ne ya feta dipego di le '''sedikadike se le sengwe''' '''le dikete tse tlhano'''.<ref name=":38" /> * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2022, [[:en:Indonesian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Indonesia]] e ne ya feta diphetogo tsa ditsebe di le '''didikadike di le masome a mabedi'''. * Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a le lesome le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2022, [[:en:Norwegian_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Se-Norway]] e ne ya feta dipego di le '''dikete di le thataro'''.<ref name=":38" /> * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanaitseele e tlhola malatsi a le masome a le mabedi le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2022, Wikipedia e ne ya feta dipego di le '''didikadike di le masome a marataro''' mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa dipuo di le makgolo a mararole masome a mabedi le borobabongwe .<ref>[https://meta.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_News/2022 "Wikipedia News/2022".] meta.wikipedia.org. Retrieved August 15, 2023. Wikipedia has reached 60,000,000 articles across all 329 languages.</ref> === Go kokoanya madi === [[Setshwantsho:WMF Support and Revenue, Expenses and Net Assets at Year End.jpg|thumb|Tlhabololo ya matlole ya Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia (ka US$), 2003–2023Bontsho : Dithoto tse di feletseng (ntle le Letlole la Wikimedia, le ga jaanong le emeng ka di dolara di le lekgolo+) Botala: Lotseno (ntle le meneelo ya motho yo mongwe go Wikimedia Endowment) Bohibidu: Ditshenyegelo (go akaretsa le dituelo tsa WMF go Wikimedia Endowment)<ref>[[foundationsite:wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Wikimedia_Foundation_FS_FY2022-2023_Audit_Report.pdf|"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc, Financial Statements, June 30, 2023"]] (PDF). wikimediafoundation.org. October 5, 2023. pp. 3, 14. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240101235700/https://wikimediafoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Wikimedia_Foundation_FS_FY2022-2023_Audit_Report.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.</ref>]] Ngwaga le ngwaga, Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia o tsamaisa matsholo a go kokoanya madi mo Wikipedia go tshegetsa ditiro tsa one. Tse ka kakaretso di tsaya mo e ka nnang kgwedi mme di diragala ka dinako tse di farologaneng tsa ngwaga mo dinageng tse di farologaneng. Mo godimo ga matshwao a phatlalatso a go kokoanya madi mo Wikipedia ka boyone, go na gape le matsholo a melaetsa ya maranyane; melaetsa e mengwe e laletsa batho go tlogela madi a Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia mo diwiling tsa bone.<ref>"[[m:Fundraising#Current_fundraising_activities|Fundraising – Meta"]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220525020516/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fundraising#Current_fundraising_activities Archived] from the original on May 25, 2022. Retrieved May 18, 2022.</ref> <ref>James Lileks (May 2, 2021). [https://www.startribune.com/lileks-wikipedia-wants-me-to-do-what/600052774/ "Lileks: Wikipedia wants me to do what?"]. Star Tribune. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210503001943/https://www.startribune.com/lileks-wikipedia-wants-me-to-do-what/600052774/ Archived] from the original on May 3, 2021. Retrieved May 24, 2022.</ref>Lotseno lo tlhatlogile ngwaga le ngwaga wa go nna teng ga Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia, lwa fitlha go didikadike di le didolara tsa Amerika di le lekgolo le masome a ferabongwe le disente di le lesome le bosupa go tloga ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa 2023, fa lo bapisiwa le ditshenyegelo tsa didikadike di le didolara tsa Amerika di le lekgolo le masome a marataro le borobongwe le disente di le lesome.<ref>[https://www.dailydot.com/debug/wikipedia-endownemnt-fundraising/ "Wikipedia is swimming in money – why is it begging people to donate?"]. The Daily Dot. May 24, 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210524121107/https://www.dailydot.com/debug/wikipedia-endownemnt-fundraising/ Archived] from the original on May 24, 2021. Retrieved September 23, 2021.</ref><ref>[[foundationsite:wp-content/uploads/File:Wikimedia_Foundation_FS_FY2022-2023_Audit_Report.pdf|"File: Wikimedia_Foundation_FS_FY_2022-2023_Audit_Report.pdf – Wikimedia Foundation Governance Wiki"]] (PDF). ''Foundation.wikimedia.org''. October 5, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240101140450/https://wikimediafoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/File:Wikimedia_Foundation_FS_FY2022-2023_Audit_Report.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on January 1, 2024. Retrieved January 1, 2024.</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, Wikimedia Endowment, e leng maiteko a a farologaneng a go kokoanya madi a a simolotsweng ka ngwaga wa 2016, a ne a fitlha ko didikadikeng di le didolara di le lekgolo ka ngwaga wa 2021, dingwaga di le tlhano ka bonako go feta ka fa go neng go rulagantswe ka gone.<ref>[https://diff.wikimedia.org/2021/09/22/the-wikimedia-endowment-reaches-100-million-milestone-and-welcomes-three-new-members-to-its-board-more-on-what-these-developments-mean-for-the-projects-and-movement/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2021/09/22/the-wikimedia-endowment-reaches-100-million-milestone-and-welcomes-three-new-members-to-its-board-more-on-what-these-developments-mean-for-the-projects-and-movement/ "The Wikimedia Endowment reaches $100 million milestone and welcomes three new members to its Board: More on what these developments mean for the projects and movement".] September 22, 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210924014012/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2021/09/22/the-wikimedia-endowment-reaches-100-million-milestone-and-welcomes-three-new-members-to-its-board-more-on-what-these-developments-mean-for-the-projects-and-movement/ Archived] from the original on September 24, 2021. Retrieved September 23, 2021.</ref> {| class="wikitable" |+ !Ngwaga !Motswedi !Lotseno !Ditshenyegelo !Koketsego ya letlotlo !Letlotlo lotlhe ! |- |2003/2004 | | | | | | |- |2004/2005 | | | | | | |- |2005/2006 | | | | | | |- |2007/2008 | | | | | | |- |2008/2009 | | | | | | |- |2009/2010 | | | | | | |- |2010/2011 | | | | | | |- |2011/2012 | | | | | | |- |2012/2013 | | | | | | |- |2013/2014 | | | | | | |- |2014/2015 | | | | | | |- |2015/2016 | | | | | | |- |2016/2017 | | | | | | |- |2017/2018 | | | | | | |- |2018/2019 | | | | | | |- |2019/2020 | | | | | | |- |2020/2021 | | | | | | |- |2021/2022 | | | | | | |- |2022/2023 | | | | | | |- |2023/2024 | | | | | | |- |2024/2025 | | | | | | |} === Ditlamorago tsa kwa ntle === * Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Wikipedia e ne ya tsewa e tshwanela go dirisiwa jaaka motswedi o mogolo ke [[:en:UK_Intellectual_Property_Office|Ofisi ya Thoto ya Tlhaloganyo ya UK]] mo katlholong ya kgetse ya letshwaokgwebo la [[:en:Formula_One|Formula One]].<ref>In deciding the trademark of F1 racing {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071031053106/http://www.ipo.gov.uk/tm/t-decisionmaking/t-challenge/t-challenge-decision-results/o16907.pdf|date=31 October 2007}}, the UK Intellectual Property Office considered both the reliability of Wikipedia and its usefulness as a reliable source of evidence:<blockquote>Wikipedia has sometimes suffered from the self-editing that is intrinsic to it, giving rise at times to potentially libellous statements. However, inherently, I cannot see that what is in Wikipedia is any less likely to be true than what is published in a book or on the websites of news organisations. [Formula One's lawyer] did not express any concerns about the Wikipedia evidence [presented by the plaintiff]. I consider that the evidence from Wikipedia can be taken at face value.</blockquote>The case turned substantively upon evidence cited from Wikipedia in 2006 as to the usage and interpretation of the term "F1".</ref> * Fa nako e ntse e ile, Wikipedia e ne ya amogelwa ke metswedi ya dikgang e e tlwaelesegileng jaaka "motswedi o o botlhokwa" wa ditiragalo tse disha tse dikgolo, tse di jaaka [[:en:2004_Indian_Ocean_earthquake|thoromo ya lefatshe ya Lewatle la India ya 2004]] le [[:en:Tsunami|tsunami]] e e amanang le yone, [[:en:2008_American_Presidential_election|ditlhopho tsa botautona tsa Amerika tsa 2008]],<ref>Vargas, Jose Antonio (September 17, 2007). [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/09/16/AR2007091601699.html "On Wikipedia, Debating 2008 Hopefuls' Every Facet".] ''[[:en:The_Washington_Post|The Washington Post]]''. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286 0190-8286.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20230116071359/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/09/16/AR2007091601699.html Archived] from the original on January 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023. <q>...at the same time, it's hard to find a more up-to-date, detailed, thorough article on [[:en:Barack_Obama|Obama]] than Wikipedia's. As of Friday, Obama's article – more than 22 pages long, with 15 sections covering his personal and professional life – had a reference list of 167 sources.</q></ref> le go [[:en:Virginia_Tech_shooting|thuntshiwa ga Virginia Tech]] ka ngwaga wa 2007. Setlhogo sa bofelo se ne sa fitlhelelwa makgetlo a le dikete tse masome a supa le botlhano mo malatsing a mabedi, mme makwalo a dikgang a a gatisitsweng mo lefelong la gaeno go thuntshiwa a oketsa ka gore "Wikipedia e tlhageletse jaaka lefelo la go phepafatsa tshedimosetso e e feletseng ka tiragalo eno."<ref>[http://www.cyberjournalist.net/news/004178.php "Wikipedia emerges as key source for Virginia Tech shootings"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071022200632/http://cyberjournalist.net/news/004178.php|date=22 October 2007}}. ''The New York Times'' via Cyberjournalist.net. 2007. "Even ''[[:en:The_Roanoke_Times|The Roanoke Times]]'', which is published near [[:en:Blacksburg,_Virginia|Blacksburg, Va]]., where the university is located, noted on Thursday that Wikipedia 'has emerged as the clearinghouse for detailed information on the event'."</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mbadi le bongwe ka ngwaga wa 2007, Noam Cohen wa ''New York Times'' o ne a bega gore barutegi bangwe ba ne ba thibela tiriso ya Wikipedia jaaka sedirisiwa sa patlisiso.<ref>Cohen, Noam (February 21, 2007). [https://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/21/education/21wikipedia.html "A History Department Bans Citing Wikipedia as a Research Source]". ''The New York Times''. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170331235327/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/21/education/21wikipedia.html Archived] from the original on March 31, 2017. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola ka ngwaga wa 2007, pego mo lekwalong la dikgang la [[:en:The_Harvard_Crimson|The Harvard Crimson]] e ne ya bega gore baporofesara bangwe kwa Mmadikolo ya Harvard ba ne ba akaretsa Wikipedia mo dithulaganyong tsa bone tsa thuto, mme go ne ga nna le kgaogano mo tseleng e ba neng ba leba go dirisa Wikipedia ka yone.[233] * Ka Phukwi 2013, patlisiso e kgolo e e dirilweng ke diyunibesiti di le nne tse dikgolo e ne ya supa diathikele tse di neng di ngangisanwa thata mo Wikipedia, mme ya fitlhela gore Iseraele, Adolf Hitler le Modimo di ne di ngangisanwa ka bogale go feta ditlhogo dipe tse dingwe.[234] ==== Ditlamorago tsa diathikele tsa bayokerafi ==== Ka gore mekwalo ya matshelo a batho tsa Wikipedia di nna di tokafadiwa gangwe le gape fa tshedimosetso e ntšhwa e nna teng, gantsi di dirisiwa e le motswedi wa tshedimosetso ka matshelo a [[:en:Category:Living_people|batho ba ba tumileng]]. Se se dirile gore go nne le maiteko a go fetola kgotsa go tsenya tshedimosetso ya maaka mo ditlhogong tsa Wikipedia ka maikaelelo a go ipapatša kgotsa go senya seriti sa motho (Bona [[:en:History_of_Wikipedia#Controversies|Karolo ya Dikganetsano]]). Gape se dirile gore go nne le ditsela tse disha tsa go dirisa tshedimosetso ya mokwalo wa matshelo a batho e e fitlhelwang mo go yone. * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa 2005, [[:en:Wikipedia_Seigenthaler_biography_incident|kganetsano ya ga Seigenthaler]] e ne ya nna teng fa motsietsi mongwe a ne a bolela mo Wikipedia gore mmegadikgang John Seigenthaler o ne a na le seabe mo [[:en:Kennedy_assassination|polaong ya ga Kennedy]] ka ngwaga 1963. * Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga 2006, rametlae wa Mojeremane e bong [[:en:Atze_Schröder|Atze Schröder]] o ne a sekisa Arne Klempert, mokwaledi wa [[:en:Wikimedia_Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]] ka gonne a ne a sa batle gore leina la gagwe la mmatota le gatisiwe mo Wikipedia. Moragonyana Schröder o ne a gogela ngongorego ya gagwe morago mme o ne a batla gore ditshenyegelo tsa mmueledi wa gagwe di duelwe ke Klempert. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya swetsa ka gore motaki o tshwanetse go duelela ditshenyegelo tseo ka boene. * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa 2007, raditiragalo wa Turkey [[:en:Taner_Akçam|Taner Akçam]] o ne a tshwarwa ka nakwana fa a goroga kwa [[:en:Montréal–Pierre_Elliott_Trudeau_International_Airport|Boemafofaneng jwa Boditšhabatšhaba jwa Montréal–Pierre Elliott Trudeau]] ka ntlha ya tshedimosetso ya maaka mo mokwalong wa botshelo jwa gagwe ya Wikipedia e e neng e bolela gore ke serukhutlhi.<ref>[http://news.independent.co.uk/fisk/article2469270.ece "Caught in the deadly web of the internet"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20071001000113/http://news.independent.co.uk/fisk/article2469270.ece Archived] 1 October 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Robert Fisk. [[:en:The_Independent|The Independent]]. 21 April 2007. Retrieved 24 July 2007.</ref><ref>Jay, Paul (June 22, 2007). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20070629051007/http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/tech/wikipedia2.html A question of authority]". [[:en:CBC_News|CBC News]]. Archived from [http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/tech/wikipedia2.html the original] on June 29, 2007. Retrieved July 24, 2007.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa 2008, radipolotiki wa [[:en:The_Left_(Germany)|Lekoko la Left]] la Jeremane e bong [[:en:Lutz_Heilmann|Lutz Heilmann]] o ne a bolela gore mafoko mangwe a a neng a a bua mo setlhogong sa gagwe sa Wikipedia a ne a senya leina la gagwe. O ne a atlega go bona taelo ya kgotlatshekelo ya go dira gore Wikimedia Deutschland e tlose lefelo le le botlhokwa la go batla. Se se ne sa dira gore batho mo lefatsheng lotlhe ba bontshe tshegetso e kgolo mo Wikipediang, ga nna le meneelo e mentsi e e neng ya newa Wikimedia Deutschland, mme palo ya batho ba ba neng ba etela tsebe ya ga Lutz Heilmann letsatsi le letsatsi ya tlhatloga go tswa go ba le mmalwa fela go ya go batho ba ka nna halofo ya milione. Moragonyana ga moo, Heilmann o ne a kopa kgotla gore e phimole taelo eo ya kgotla.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/oddlyEnoughNews/idUSTRE4AI7NB20081119?feedType=RSS&feedName=oddlyEnoughNews&rpc=69 "Lawmaker apologizes for blocking Wikipedia"]. ''Reuters''. November 19, 2008. Retrieved November 20, 2008.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2008, Wikimedia Nederland, kgaolo ya Dutch, e ne ya fenya taelo ya ntlha morago ga gore rakgwebo a golaganngwe mo pegong ya "gagwe" le sekebekwa [[:en:Willem_Holleeder|Willem Holleeder]] mme a batla gore pego eo e phimolwe. Moatlhodi kwa [[:en:Utrecht_(province)|Utrecht]] o ne a dumela polelo ya Wikimedia ya gore ga e na tlhotlheletso mo diteng tsa Wikipedia ya Sedatšhe.<ref>[[wmnl:Wikimedia_Nederland_wint_kort_geding_Sijthoff/en|"Wikimedia Nederland wint kort geding Sijthoff/en – Wikimedia"]]. ''nl.wikimedia.org'' (in Dutch). [https://web.archive.org/web/20230131143955/https://nl.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Nederland_wint_kort_geding_Sijthoff/en Archived] from the original on January 31, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2009, fa radipolotiki wa Mojeremane e bong [[:en:Karl-Theodor_zu_Guttenberg|Karl Theodor Maria Nikolaus Johann Jacob Philipp Franz Joseph Sylvester Buhl-Freiherr von zu Guttenberg]] a ne a nna tona ya puso ya bofederale ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 2009, modirisi yo o sa kwadisiwang o ne a oketsa ka setlhogo sa bolesome le bongwe sa Sejeremane ya ''Wilhelm'' se se filweng ka leina. Dipampiri tsa dikwalo di le dintsi di ne tsa e amogela. Fa batho ba Wikipedia ba ba kelotlhoko ba ne ba leka go tlosa ''Wilhelm'', go fetolwa go ne ga busediwa morago ga go nopolwa makwalo wa dikgang ao. Tsheko e ka go ikanyega ga Wikipedia le babegadikgang ba ba kopololang go tswa mo Wikipedia e ne ya bidiwa ''Falscher Wilhelm'' ("Wilhelm yo sele").<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20101204025315/http://wikimedia.de/fileadmin/wiki/Presse/Pressemitteilungen/pm_Medienkompetenz_1.pdf Wikimedia Deutschland press release"] (PDF). Archived from [http://wikimedia.de/fileadmin/wiki/Presse/Pressemitteilungen/pm_Medienkompetenz_1.pdf the original] (PDF) on December 4, 2010.; [http://futurezone.orf.at/stories/1502467/ ORF Futurezone] [https://web.archive.org/web/20090929010706/http://futurezone.orf.at/stories/1502467/ Archived] 29 September 2009 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Retrieved 27 May 2010.</ref> === Dikarolo tsa ntlha tsa ga Wales le Sanger === ''Bona gape: [[:en:Jimmy_Wales#Co-founder_status_dispute|Jimmy Wales § Kganetsano ya maemo a motlhami-mmogo]], le [[:en:Larry_Sanger#Status_as_Wikipedia_co-founder|Larry Sanger § Boemo jaaka motlhami-mmogo wa Wikipedia]]'' Wales, ga mmogo le ba bangwe, ba ne ba tla ka le go duelela kgopolo ya ensaetlopedia e e bulegileng, e e dirisanang mmogo e e neng e tla amogela meneelo go tswa mo bathong ba ba tlwaelegileng.<ref name=":4" /> Sanger o nnile le seabe se se botlhokwa mo go seo jaaka [[:en:Editor-in-chief|morulaganyi-mogolo]] wa Nupedia le modiri yo mogolo.<ref name=":33">Bergstein, Brian (March 25, 2007). [https://web.archive.org/web/20131005002629/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/17798723/ "Sanger says he co-started Wikipedia"]. NBC News. Associated Press. Archived from [http://www.nbcnews.com/id/17798723 the original] on October 5, 2013. Retrieved March 28, 2007. The nascent Web encyclopedia Citizendium springs from Larry Sanger, a philosophy PhD who counts himself as a co-founder of Wikipedia, the site he now hopes to usurp. The claim doesn't seem particularly controversial – Sanger has long been cited as a co-founder. Yet the other founder, Jimmy Wales, isn't happy about it..</ref> Mo molaetseng wa ga Sanger wa matseno wa lenaane la go romela Nupedia, o ne a bolela gore Jimmy Wales "o ne a ikgolaganya le nna mme a nkopa gore ke dire kopo ya go nna morulaganyi-mogolo wa Nupedia. [...] O ne a na le kgopolo ya Nupedia fa e sa le bobotlana ka letlhafula le le fetileng. O mpolelela gore, fa a akanya ka batho (bogolo jang boradifilosofi) ba ba neng ba ka kgona go laola porojeke eno ka lobaka lo loleele, o ne a tla nna yo o itekanetseng mo tirong eno eleruri ke tiro ya me ya ditoro".<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20030710141440/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2000-April/000143.html nupedia-l Introduction"]. Archived from [http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2000-April/000143.html the original] on July 10, 2003. Retrieved November 19, 2013.</ref> Sanger o tshitshintse go dirisa wiki go tlamela ka porojeke e e tlaleletsang ya batho ba ba "tshositsweng le go borega" ke dithulaganyo tse di raraaneng tsa Nupedia,<ref name=":31" /> mme a tlhama leina la "Wikipedia" jaaka leina la porojeke.<ref>Terdiman, Daniel (December 21, 2005). [https://www.cnet.com/news/wikipedia-founder-modifies-his-bio/#! "Wikipedia founder modifies his bio".] [[:en:CNET|CNET]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140327233948/http://www.cnet.com/news/wikipedia-founder-modifies-his-bio/#! Archived] from the original on March 27, 2014.</ref><ref name=":33" /> Se se ne sa bonwa ka bophara jaaka tsela ya go thibolola setšhaba se se golang sa Ba-Nupedia ba ba neng ba fitlhela go le thata go ntsha seabe.<ref name=":33" />Sanger o ne a tswelela go dira mo Nupedia fa a ntse a thusa mo Wikipedia (go akaretsa le go kwala dipholisi tse di jaaka "Itlhokomolose melao yotlhe"<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20010416035716/http://www.wikipedia.com/wiki/RulesToConsider "Rules To Consider]". Ignore all rules. [[:en:Internet_Archive|Internet Archive]]. Archived from [https://www.wikipedia.com/wiki/RulesToConsider the original] on April 16, 2001. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref> le "Pono e e sa tseyeng letlhakore"<ref name=":32" />) mme a dira le moeteledipele wa go fitlhelela batho go aga setšhaba sa barulaganyi ba Nupedia le Wikipedia.<ref name=":33" /> Fa a tsamaya ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2002, Sanger o ne a gatelela gore kgang e kgolo e ne e le fela go emisiwa ga go newa madi a seabe sa gagwe, se se neng se sa kgonege ka nako e e rileng,<ref name=":30" /> mme a rotloetsa ba bangwe go tswelela go tsenya letsogo mo Wikipedia fa a ntse a ela tlhoko gore Nupedia e ne e ka se kgone go tshela kwantle ga morulaganyi-mogolo wa nako e e tletseng]<ref name=":30" />. Moragonyana mo ngwageng oo o ne a emisa go tsenya letsogo mo lenaneong lepe la tsone, mme ka ngwaga wa 2004 o ne a setse a tshwaya Wikipedia diphoso phatlalatsa. Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2004 o ne a kwala tlhamo a nganga gore Wikipedia e ne e na le bothata jwa go nna kgatlhanong le batho ba maemo.<ref name=":34">[https://features.slashdot.org/story/05/04/18/164213/the-early-history-of-nupedia-and-wikipedia-a-memoir "The Early History of Nupedia and Wikipedia: A Memoir – Slashdot"]. features.slashdot.org. April 18, 2005. Retrieved August 21, 2023.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2005 o ne a gatisa buka ya dikgopolo tsa botshelo ya dikarolo tse pedi ya tiro ya gagwe ka ga Nupedia le Wikipedia, a tlhagisa seabe sa gagwe mo go di tlhameng le tumelo e e tswelelang ya gore Nupedia e tshwanelwa ke go bolokwa.<ref name=":34" /> Moragonyana mo ngwageng oo Wales e ne ya simolola go kgarameletsa morago go tlhalosa ga ga Sanger seabe sa gagwe mo lenaneong.<ref name=":35">Mitchell, Dan (December 24, 2005). "[https://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/24/technology/24online.ready.html?ex=1293080400&en=431aff478b00239e&ei=5090&partner=rssuserland&emc=rss Insider Editing at Wikipedia]". [[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20071013084516/http://nytimes.com/2005/12/24/technology/24online.ready.html?ex=1293080400&en=431aff478b00239e&ei=5090&partner=rssuserland&emc=rss Archived] from the original on October 13, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref><ref>Hansen, Evan (December 19, 2005). [https://web.archive.org/web/20061230053039/http://www.wired.com/news/culture/0%2C1284%2C69880%2C00.html "Wikipedia Founder Edits Own Bio"]. [[:en:Wired_(magazine)|Wired]]. [[:en:Wired_News|Wired News]]. Archived from [https://www.wired.com/news/culture/0,1284,69880,00.html the original] on December 30, 2006. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref><ref>Finkelstein, Seth (February 12, 2009). [https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2009/feb/12/wiki-answers-wikia "What's in a name? Everything, when you're talking wiki value".] [[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131002212052/http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2009/feb/12/wiki-answers-wikia Archived] from the original on October 2, 2013. Retrieved February 12, 2009.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa 2006, morago ga go thankgololwa ga Citizendium, Sanger o ne a kgala Wikipedia thata, a e tlhalosa e le "e e thubegileng e e ka se kang ya baakanngwa."<ref>Thomson, Iain (April 13, 2007). [https://web.archive.org/web/20070426034156/http://www.iwr.co.uk/information-world-review/news/2187709/wikipedia-broken-beyond-repair "Wikipedia 'broken beyond repair' says co-founder"]. [[:en:Information_World_Review|Information World Review]]. Archived from [http://www.iwr.co.uk/information-world-review/news/2187709/wikipedia-broken-beyond-repair the original] on April 26, 2007. Retrieved April 15, 2007.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2005, Wales o ne a itlhalosa fela jaaka mothei wa Wikipedia;<ref name=":35" /> le fa go ntse jalo, go ya ka Brian Bergstein wa [[:en:Associated_Press|Associated Press]], "Sanger ga a bolo go umakiwa jaaka mothei-mmogo."<ref name=":33" /> Sanger le Wales ba ne ba umakiwa jaaka mothei-mmogo mo dipegelong tse di farologaneng tsa dipotsolotso go tswa mo dipegelong tse dišwa tsa bobegadikgang le, ka ngwaga 2001<ref name=":36">Peter Meyers (September 20, 2001). [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9800E5D6123BF933A1575AC0A9679C8B63&n=Top%2fReference%2fTimes%20Topics%2fSubjects%2fC%2fComputer%20Software "Fact-Driven? Collegial? This Site Wants You"]. The New York Times. [https://web.archive.org/web/20071226154410/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9800E5D6123BF933A1575AC0A9679C8B63&n=Top%2FReference%2FTimes%20Topics%2FSubjects%2FC%2FComputer%20Software Archived] from the original on December 26, 2007. Retrieved April 18, 2007. It's kind of surprising that you could just open up a site and let people work," said Jimmy Wales, Wikipedia's co-founder and the chief executive of Bomis, a San Diego search engine company that donates the computer resources for the project. "There's kind of this real social pressure to not argue about things." Instead, he said, "there's a general consensus among all of the really busy volunteers about what an encyclopedia article needs to be like.</ref> le ngwaga wa 2002.<ref>Wales, Jimmy (August 6, 2002). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20090408184006/http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/xodp/message/1720 3apes open content web directory]". [[:en:Yahoo!|Yahoo! Tech Groups forum post.]] [[:en:WebCite|WebCite]]. Archived from [http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/xodp/message/1720 the original] on April 8, 2009. Retrieved April 3, 2009. I'm Jimmy Wales, co-founder of Nupedia and Wikipedia, the open content encyclopedias.</ref> Pele ga kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga 2004, Wales e ne e sa ganetse maemo a ga Sanger jaaka motlhami-mmogo.<ref>Bishop, Todd (January 26, 2004). [https://www.seattlepi.com/business/article/Microsoft-Notebook-Wiki-pioneer-planted-the-seed-1135376.php "Microsoft Notebook: Wiki pioneer planted the seed and watched..."] Seattle Post-Intelligencer. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200225123302/https://www.seattlepi.com/business/article/Microsoft-Notebook-Wiki-pioneer-planted-the-seed-1135376.php Archived] from the original on February 25, 2020. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, Wales o ne a re, "O ne a tle a ntirele [...] Ga ke dumalane le go mmitsa motlhami-mmogo, mme o rata sereto".<ref>James Niccolai, [http://www.pcadvisor.co.uk/news/index.cfm?newsid=7177 "Wikipedia taking on the vandals in Germany]" [https://web.archive.org/web/20071022165415/http://pcadvisor.co.uk/news/index.cfm?newsid=7177 Archived] 22 October 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. [[:en:PC_Advisor|PC Advisor]]. 26 September 2006.</ref> Go simolola ka 2006, fa Sanger a ne a kwala le go botsolodiwa thata ka ga go simololwa ga Citizendium, o ne a gatelela maemo a gagwe jaaka motlhami-mmogo, le metswedi eno ya pele e e neng e mo tlhalosa jalo.<ref name=":33" /><ref name=":36" /><ref>Heim, Judy (September 4, 2001). "[http://www.technologyreview.com/Infotech/12586/ Free the Encyclopedias!"]. ''[[:en:Technology_Review|Technology Review]]''. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref><ref>Sanger, Larry. "[http://www.larrysanger.org/roleinwp.html My role in Wikipedia (links)]". ''larrysanger.org''. Larry Sanger. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070312163901/http://www.larrysanger.org/roleinwp.html Archived] from the original on March 12, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2007.</ref> === Dikganetsano === ''Dipego tse dikgolo: [[:en:Criticism_of_Wikipedia|Go Kganetsa Wikipedia,]] [[:en:Litigation_involving_the_Wikimedia_Foundation|Ditsheko tse di amang Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia,]] le [[:en:Reliability_of_Wikipedia|Go Ikanyega ga Wikipedia]]'' * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa 2005, [[:en:Wikipedia_Seigenthaler_biography_incident|kganetsano ya ga Seigenthaler]] e ne ya dira gore Brian Chase a tlogele tiro ya gagwe, morago ga gore Daniel Brandt wa [[:en:Wikipedia_Watch|Wikipedia Watch]] a senole gore ke ene yo o neng a dira diphetogo tseo. Morago ga tiragalo eo, lokwalo la dikgang lwa saense lwa [[:en:Nature_(journal)|Nature]] lo ne lwa dira patlisiso e e [[:en:Peer_review|sekasekilweng ke baitseanape]] go bapisa dipego tsa Wikipedia le tse di tshwanang le tsone mo [[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica|''Encyclopædia Britannica'']]. mme e ne ya fitlhelela gore tsotlhe tseo di ne di lekana ka nepagalo ya tshedimosetso.<ref>Giles, Jim (2005). [[doi:10.1038/438900a|"Internet encyclopaedias go head to head"]]. Nature. 438 (7070): 900–901. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005Natur.438..900G 2005Natur.438..900G.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1038/438900a|10.1038/438900a]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0028-0836 0028-0836]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16355180 16355180]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:4417563 4417563].</ref> <ref>"[http://www.nature.com/news/2005/051212/multimedia/438900a_m1.html The (Nature) peer review"]. Nature. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100410155113/http://www.nature.com/news/2005/051212/multimedia/438900a_m1.html Archived] from the original on April 10, 2010. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref>''Britannica'' e ne ya ganetsa mokgwa o patlisiso eo e neng ya dirwa ka one le diphitlhelelo tsa yone.<ref>Britannica: [http://corporate.britannica.com/britannica_nature_response.pdf Fatally Flawed. Refuting the recent study on encyclopedic accuracy by the journal Nature] [https://web.archive.org/web/20160709053629/http://corporate.britannica.com/britannica_nature_response.pdf Archived] 9 July 2016 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]</ref> Nature yone ga e a ka ya kopa maitshwarelo; go na le moo, e ne ya ema ka natla mo boikanyegong jwa patlisiso ya yone mme ya gana tsotlhe tsa diphoso tse di neng tsa supiwa.<ref>[https://www.nature.com/nature/britannica/index.html "Nature's responses to Encyclopaedia Britannica"]. Nature. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170515025717/https://www.nature.com/nature/britannica/index.html Archived] from the original on May 15, 2017. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Mo tshimologong go ya bogareng jwa ngwaga wa 2006, [[:en:Congressional_staffer_edits_to_Wikipedia|dikganetsano tse di amanang le baithusi ba maloko a Congress ka ga]] [[:en:Congressional_staffer_edits_to_Wikipedia|mekwalo ya matshelo a motho]] tsa Wikipedia di ne tsa tsenngwa mo pepeneneng. Go ne ga lemogiwa gore baithusi ba dipolotiki ba ne ba leka go tlhotlheletsa mekwalo ya matshelo a motho tsa boradipolotiki ba le mmalwa mo Wikipediang. Ba ne ba tlosa tshedimosetso e ba neng ba sa e rate (go akaretsa dipolelo tse di nyatsang le ditshepiso tsa letsholo la ditlhopho tse di neng di sa diragadiwa), ba tsenya tshedimosetso e e ba tlhagisang ka tsela e e siameng kgotsa dipolelo tsa go ba tlotla thata, kgotsa ba emisetsa karolo nngwe kgotsa setlhogo sotlhe ka mekwalo ya botshelo jwa motho e e kwadilweng ke badiri ba bona. Badiri ba boradipolotiki ba le batlhano bonnye ba ne ba amanngwa le ditiragalo tseno: [[:en:Marty_Meehan|Marty Meehan]], [[:en:Norm_Coleman|Norm Coleman]], [[:en:Conrad_Burns|Conrad Burns]], [[:en:Joe_Biden|Joe Biden]] le [[:en:Gil_Gutknecht|Gil Gutknecht]]. Ditiro tse di neng tsa kwalwa tsotlhe e ne e le tse di latelang.<ref name=":27" /> {| class="wikitable" |+ !Mopolotiki !Phetogo e dirilweng !Motswedi |- |[[:en:Joe_Biden|Joe Biden]], Senator wa Delaware |Go tlosiwa ga tshedimosetso e e neng e sa mo tsenye mo seemong se se siameng. |<ref name=":27">Nate Anderson (January 31, 2006). [https://arstechnica.com/news.ars/post/20060130-6079.html "Congressional staffers edit boss's bio on Wikipedia"]. arstechnica. [https://web.archive.org/web/20081012062850/http://arstechnica.com/news.ars/post/20060130-6079.html Archived] from the original on October 12, 2008. Retrieved June 9, 2014.</ref><ref name=":28">Noguchi, Yuki (February 9, 2006). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/02/08/AR2006020802212.html "Wikipedia's Help From the Hill"]. www.washingtonpost.com. Washington Post. Retrieved February 18, 2026.</ref> |- |[[:en:Conrad_Burns|Conrad Burns]], senator wa Montana |Go tlosiwa ga dipolelo tse di neng di mo nyatsa, mme ga tsenngwa dipolelo tse di mo tlotlang e le “lentswe la molemi.” |<ref name=":28" /><ref>Williams, Walt (November 6, 2025) [February 8, 2006]. [https://www.bozemandailychronicle.com/news/burns-office-may-have-tampered-with-wikipedia-entry/article_2b39cf61-340f-5f5b-9933-3e09f3e2de84.html "Burns' office may have tampered with Wikipedia entry]". [[:en:Bozeman_Daily_Chronicle|Bozeman Daily Chronicle]]. Retrieved February 13, 2007.</ref> |- |[[:en:Norm_Coleman|Norm Coleman]], Senator wa Minnesota |Go kwalwa sešwa ga setlhogo gore se mo tlhagise ka tsela e e siameng, go akaretsa go fetolwa ga lefoko “liberal” ka “activist.” |<ref name=":27" /><ref name=":28" /><ref name=":29">Davis, Matthew (February 9, 2006). [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/4695376.stm "Congress 'made Wikipedia changes'"]. news.bbc.co.uk. BBC News. Retrieved February 18, 2026.</ref> |- |[[:en:Gil_Gutknecht|Gil Gutknecht,]] Puthego ya Minnesota |Badiri ba gagwe ba ne ba kwala setlhogo sešwa mme ba tlosa tshedimosetso ka ga tsotlhe ya letsholo la gagwe la ditlhopho e a neng a sa e diragatse, Go dirwa maiteko a le mmalwa la ntlha ka akhaonto e e nang le leina, mme morago ka aterese ya IP e e sa itsiweng. |Mmueledi wa ga Gutknecht ga a ka a ganetsa gore ofisi ya gagwe e ne ya baakanya setlhogo seo, mme o ne a belaela gore tshedimosetso ya Wikipedia e ka ikanngwa.<ref>Diaz, Kevin (August 16, 2006). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20060821074302/http://www.startribune.com/587/story/618899.html Gutknecht joins Wikipedia tweakers".] Minneapolis-St. Paul Star Tribune. Archived from [http://www.startribune.com/587/story/618899.html the original] on August 21, 2006.</ref> |- |[[:en:Marty_Meehan|Marty Meehan]], Phutego ya Massachusetts |Go emisetswa ga setlhogo ka baekerafi e e kwadilweng ke badiri ba gagwe, go akaretsa go tlosiwa ga tshedimosetso ka ga tsotlhe ya letsholo la gagwe la ditlhopho e a neng a sa e diragatse. |<ref name=":27" /><ref name=":29" /> |} * Mo tiragalong e e farologaneng mme e e tshwanang, motsamaisi wa letsholo la ga [[:en:Cathy_Cox_(American_politician)|Cathy Cox]] la go nna [[:en:Governor_of_Georgia|mmusi wa Georgia]], Morton Brilliant, o ne a rola tiro morago ga go fitlhelwa a okeditse tshedimosetso e e sa siamang mo dikwalong tsa Wikipedia tsa baganetsi ba sepolotiki.<ref>Information included the mention of an opponent's son's arrest in a fatal drunk driving crash and allegations of questionable business practices of another opponent. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110524041212/http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2002958137_campaign28m.html "Online postings changed; ex-Gregoire aide resigns"]. The Seattle Times. April 28, 2006. Archived from [http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2002958137_campaign28m.html the original] on May 24, 2011. Retrieved July 27, 2013.</ref> Morago ga go phatlaladiwa mo metsweding ya dikgang, ditiragalo tse di ne tsa fokotsega ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2006. * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2006, Joshua Gardner o ne a senolwa jaaka Kgosi ya maaka ya Cleveland e e nang le tsebe ya Wikipedia.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/GMA/LegalCenter/story?id=1501916 "Student Reporters Expose 'Royal' Sex Offender]". ABC News. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230325084727/https://abcnews.go.com/GMA/LegalCenter/story?id=1501916 Archived] from the original on March 25, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2007, ba-Wikipedia ba puo ya Seesemane kwa [[:en:Qatar|Qatar]] ba ne ba thibelwa ka nakwana go fetola, morago ga go senya dilo ka bontsi, ke motsamaisi yo o neng a sa lemoge gore pharakano ya maranyane a lefatshe le e tsamaisiwa ka tsedimosetso e e bontshang lefelo la motho e le nngwe ya IP. Metswedi e mentsi ya bobegakgang e ne ya bolela ka bonako gore Wikipedia e ne e thibela Qatar go tsena mo lefelong leno.<ref>"[http://www.informationweek.com/story/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=196800476 Wikipedia Founder Refutes Claims That It Banned Qatar]" [https://web.archive.org/web/20071022202210/http://informationweek.com/story/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=196800476 Archived] 22 October 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Thomas Claburn. [[:en:InformationWeek|''InformationWeek'']]. 2 January 2007.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola masome a mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2007, modiri mongwe wa [[:en:Microsoft|Microsoft]] o ne a ithaopela go duela [[:en:Rick_Jelliffe|Rick Jelliffe]] go sekaseka le go fetola dipego dingwe tsa Wikipedia malebana le mofuta wa tokomane ya motswedi o o bulegileng o o neng o gaisana le fomete ya Microsoft.<ref>Bergstein, Brian (January 23, 2007). [https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna16775981 "Microsoft offers cash for Wikipedia edit"]. [[:en:NBC_News|NBC News]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131205062212/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/16775981 Archived] from the original on December 5, 2013. Retrieved February 1, 2007.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2007, lekwalo la dikgang wa [[:en:The_New_Yorker|The New Yorker]] o ne wa ntsha paakanyo e e sa tlwaelegang ya gore morulaganyi yo o tlhageletseng wa [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] le motsamaisi yo o bidiwang "Essjay", o ne a tlhamile motho a dirisa dintlha tsa boitshupo tse di itlhametsweng.<ref>[[:en:Stacy_Schiff|Schiff, Stacy]] (July 24, 2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20060813110914/http://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/060731fa_fact "Annals of Information: Know It All: Can Wikipedia conquer expertise?]". [[:en:The_New_Yorker|The New Yorker]]. Archived from [https://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/060731fa_fact the original] on August 13, 2006. Retrieved April 16, 2007.</ref><ref>Finkelstein, Seth (March 8, 2007). "[https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2007/mar/08/media.comment Read me first]". The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070329052204/http://technology.guardian.co.uk/weekly/story/0,,2028328,00.html Archived] from the original on March 29, 2007. Retrieved April 16, 2007.</ref>Motseleganyi, [[:en:Essjay_controversy|Ryan Jordan]], o ne a nna modiri wa Wikia ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2007 mme a senola leina la gagwe la mmantota; se se ne sa lemogwa ke Daniel Brandt wa Wikipedia Watch, mme a itsisiwe mokwadi wa setlhogo sa ntlha ([[:en:Essjay_controversy|kganetsano ya ga Essjay]]). * Gape ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2007, Barbara Bauer, moemedi wa dikwalo, o ne a sekisa Wikimedia ka ntlha ya go senya leina le go baka kotsi mo kgwebong ya gagwe, e leng Setheo sa Dikwalo sa Barbara Bauer.<ref>[https://www.eff.org/cases/bauer-v-glatzer "Bauer v. Wikimedia et al. | Electronic Frontier Foundation".] Eff.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100412233037/https://www.eff.org/cases/bauer-v-glatzer Archived] from the original on April 12, 2010. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref>Mo tshekong ya ga ''Bauer'' kgatlhanong le ''Glatzer'', Bauer o ne a bolela gore tshedimosetso e e mo Wikipedia e e neng e tshwaya bokgoni jwa gagwe jaaka moemedi wa dikwalo diphoso ke yone e e bakileng kotsi eno. [[:en:Electronic_Frontier_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Molelwane wa Eleketeroniki]] o ne wa sireletsa Wikipedia<ref>[https://www.eff.org/press/archives/2008/05/02 "EFF and Sheppard Mullin Defend Wikipedia in Defamation Case | Electronic Frontier Foundation".] Eff.org. May 2, 2008. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100407223854/http://www.eff.org/press/archives/2008/05/02 Archived] from the original on April 7, 2010. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> mme wa fuduga go kgaola tsheko ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 2008.<ref>[https://www.eff.org/files/filenode/wikimedia/motiontoquashmemo-wikimedia.pdf Motion to quash case (PDF)] [https://web.archive.org/web/20161020140651/https://www.eff.org/files/filenode/wikimedia/motiontoquashmemo-wikimedia.pdf Archived] 20 October 2016 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. EFF.org. 1 May 2008. Retrieved 19 October 2012.</ref> Tsheko kgatlhanong le Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia e ne ya kgaolwa ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola letsatsi le le lengwe ka ngwaga wa 2008.<ref>[https://www.eff.org/cases/bauer-v-glatzer "Bauer v. Wikimedia et al. | Electronic Frontier Foundation"]. Eff.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100713053150/http://www.citmedialaw.org/threats/bauer-v-wikimedia Archived] from the original on April 12, 2010. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo ka ngwaga wa 2007, modirisi mongwe yo o sa itsiweng o ne a [[:en:Chris_Benoit_double-murder_and_suicide#Wikipedia_controversy|tsenya tshedimosetso ya maaka]] e, ka tshoganyetso fela, e neng e tshwantshetsa [[:en:Chris_Benoit_double-murder_and_suicide|polao-go ipolaya ga ga Chris Benoit]], dioura di le mmalwa pele ga ditopo di bonwa ke babatlisisi. Go ribololwa ga tseleganyo go ne ga ngoka tlhokomelo e e anameng ya bobegakgang mme go ne ga begwa la ntlha mo saeteng ya kgaitsadi ya [[wikinews:Death of Nancy Benoit rumour posted on Wikipedia hours prior to the body being found|Wikinews]]. * Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2007, mo dipegelong tsa bone tsa loso lwa motlhami wa setlhogo sa sesupaditshwantso yo o sa tswang go tlhokafala [[:en:Ronnie_Hazlehurst|Ronnie Hazlehurst]], mekgatlho e le mentsi ya bobegakgang ya Borithane e ne ya bega gore o ne a kwala mmogo le ene pina ya [[:en:S_Club_7|S Club 7]] ya "[[:en:Reach_(S_Club_7_song)|Reach]]". Tota e bile, o ne a sa dira jalo, mme go ne ga lemogiwa gore tshedimosetso eo e ne e tserwe mo tseleganyong ya tsietso ya setlhogo sa ga Hazlehurst sa Wikipedia.<ref>Orlowski, Andrew. "[https://www.theregister.com/2007/10/03/wikipedia_obituary_cut_and_paste/ Braindead obituarists hoaxed by Wikipedia"]. The Register. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230316055525/https://www.theregister.com/2007/10/03/wikipedia_obituary_cut_and_paste/ Archived] from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2009, Lefelo la Bosetšhaba la Ditshwantsho le ne la ntsha lekwalo la go emisa le go tlogela tiro ka ntlha ya go tlola tshwanelo ya go kwala, kgatlhanong le morulaganyi wa Wikipedia yo o neng a laisolola ditshwantsho tse di fetang dikete tse tharo tsa setshwantso sa boleng jo bo ko godimo go tswa mo lefelong la tshedimosetso ya Mokgatlho wa NPG, mme a di baya mo [[:en:Wikimedia_Commons|Wikimedia Commons]] [[:en:National_Portrait_Gallery_and_Wikimedia_Foundation_copyright_disputehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Portrait_Gallery_and_Wikimedia_Foundation_copyright_dispute|(National Portrait Gallery and Wikimedia Foundation copyright dispute]])<ref>Kennedy, Maev (July 14, 2009). "[https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2009/jul/14/national-portrait-gallery-wikipedia-row Legal row over National Portrait Gallery images placed on Wikipedia".] The Guardian. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077 0261-3077]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170213165734/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2009/jul/14/national-portrait-gallery-wikipedia-row Archived] from the original on February 13, 2017. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100116135932/http://www.bjp-online.com/public/showPage.html?page=865802 "National Portrait Gallery receives support from BAPLA in its legal fight against Wikipedia]". Bjp-online.com. Archived from [http://www.bjp-online.com/public/showPage.html?page=865802 the original] on January 16, 2010. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref><ref>[https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/arts_and_culture/8151989.stm "Gallery in Wikipedia legal threat"]. July 15, 2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090719231100/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/arts_and_culture/8151989.stm Archived] from the original on July 19, 2009. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref><ref>[http://www.metro.co.uk/news/article.html?National_Portrait_Gallery_sues_Wikipedia&in_article_id=702647&in_page_id=34 "National Portrait Gallery sues Wikipedia]". Metro. UK. July 14, 2009. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref><ref>[https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/8156268.stm "Wikipedia painting row escalates]". July 17, 2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090723012706/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/8156268.stm Archived] from the original on July 23, 2009. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Moranang le kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 2010, go ne ga nna le kganetsano ka ga go amogela le go bontshiwa ga ditshwantsho tsa thobalano le ditshwantsho tse di fatlhang go akaretsa le ditshwantsho tsa bana mo Wikipedia.<ref>Schofield, Jack (May 12, 2010)[https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2010/may/10/ipad-apple . "Wikipedia's porn purge, and cleaning up for the iPad"]. The Guardian. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131104202826/http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2010/may/10/ipad-apple Archived] from the original on November 4, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2010.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20101023073605/http://www.foxnews.com/scitech/2010/05/07/wikipedia-purges-porn/ "EXCLUSIVE: Wikipedia's Parent Company Starts Purging Porn From Its Websites"]. [[:en:Fox_News|Fox News]]. May 7, 2010. Archived from [http://www.foxnews.com/scitech/2010/05/07/wikipedia-purges-porn/ the original] on October 23, 2010. Retrieved October 24, 2010.</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10104946 "Wikimedia pornography row deepens as Wales cedes rights"]. BBC. May 10, 2010. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100618192131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/10104946.stm Archived] from the original on June 18, 2010. Retrieved October 24, 2010.</ref> E ne ya dira gore diteng tsa ditshwantsho tse di fatlhang di tlosiwe ka bontsi mo mafelong a Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia.<ref>"[http://www.mail-archive.com/foundation-l@lists.wikimedia.org/msg10574.html Jimmy Wales – Where things stand now".] May 8, 2010. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121010080055/http://www.mail-archive.com/foundation-l@lists.wikimedia.org/msg10574.html Archived] from the original on October 10, 2012. Retrieved November 28, 2010.</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10104946 "Wikimedia pornography row deepens as Wales cedes rights".] BBC. May 10, 2010. [https://web.archive.org/web/20101130150909/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10104946 Archived] from the original on November 30, 2010. Retrieved November 28, 2010.</ref> * Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa 2012, [[:en:Lord_Justice_Leveson|Lord Justice Leveson]] o ne a kwala jaana mo pegelong ya gagwe ka ga maemo a bobegadikgang jwa Borithane, "''The Independent'' e ne ya tlhongwa ka ngwaga wa 1986 ke babegadikgang e bong Andreas Whittam Smith, Stephen Glover le Brett Straub..." O ne a dirisitse setlhogo sa Wikipedia sa lekwalo la dikgang la [[:en:The_Independent|''The Independent'']] jaaka motswedi wa gagwe, mme tiro ya go senya le Brett Straub (moanelwa yo o sa itsiweng). <ref>McSmith, Andy (November 30, 2012). [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/press/levesons-wikipedia-moment-how-internet-research-on-the-independents-history-left-him-redfaced-8372446.html "Leveson's Wikipedia moment: how internet 'research' on The Independent's history left him red-faced"]. The Independent. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121204151536/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/press/levesons-wikipedia-moment-how-internet-research-on-the-independents-history-left-him-redfaced-8372446.html Archived] from the original on December 4, 2012. Retrieved December 8, 2012.</ref>''The Economist'' e ne ya bua jaana ka [[:en:Leveson_report|pegelo ya ga Leveson]], "Dikarolo tsa yone ke tiro ya sekere le go kgomaretsa e e tserweng mo Wikipedia."<ref>[https://www.economist.com/news/leaders/21567944-somewhat-mediocre-report-could-yet-lead-better-press-rules-britain-hacked-pieces "The Leveson Inquiry: Hacked to pieces]". The Economist. December 8, 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121227113012/http://www.economist.com/news/leaders/21567944-somewhat-mediocre-report-could-yet-lead-better-press-rules-britain-hacked-pieces Archived] from the original on December 27, 2012. Retrieved December 26, 2012.</ref> * Mo bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2013, batshwaedi ba ne ba abelana phatlalatsa ka ditshwaelo tsa go tlhagelela gape ga ditshwantsho tse dintsi tse di hepisang tse di phimotsweng mo Wikipedia fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref>Gray, Lila (September 17, 2013). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20131021064635/http://newswire.xbiz.com/view.php?id=169017 Wikipedia Gives Porn a Break"]. XBIZ.com. Archived from [http://newswire.xbiz.com/view.php?id=169017 the original] on October 21, 2013. Retrieved October 20, 2013.</ref> === Diphetogo tse di itsegeng le mananeo a a tswang mo go tsone === Go na le palo e kgolo ya dikaelo tsa [[:en:Wikipedia:Mirrors_and_forks|seipone tsa Wikipedia le diphetogo tse di itlhaotseng]]. Mafelo a mangwe mo maranyaneng le one a dirisa lenaneo le le laolang sesupaditlhaka sa MediaWiki le kgopolo ya yone, e e neng ya itsege thata ka ntlha ya Wikipedia. Ga go na lenaane le le tlhokometsweng la mafelo ano. Diphetogo tse di itlhophileng tsa dipuo tsa kwa ntle tse di dirisang kgopolo ya Wikipedia di akaretsa [[:en:Enciclopedia_Libre_Universal_en_Español|Enciclopedia Libre]] (ka puo ya Spanish), ''Wikiweise'' (ka puo ya Sejeremane), ''WikiZnanie'' (ka puo ya Serussia), [[:en:Susning.nu|Susning.nu]] (puo ya Seswedishe), le Baidu Baike (puo ya China). Mangwe a mafelo ano (jaaka ''Enciclopedia Libre)'' a dirisa ditetla tsa [[:en:GFDL|GFDL]] kgotsa tse di tsamaisanang le tsone tse di dirisiwang ke Wikipedia, mme seno se dira gore go nne le go ananya diteng le Wikipediang ya puo ya bone. Ka ngwaga wa 2006, Sanger o ne a tlhama [[:en:Citizendium|Citizendium]], e e neng e ikaegile ka mofuta o o fetotsweng wa [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]]. Lefelo la tshedimosetso leo le ne la re le ikaelela “go tokafatsa mokgwa wa Wikipedia ka go nna le tlhokomelo e e bonolo ya baitseanape, gareng ga dilo tse dingwe.” Ka ngwaga wa 2006 gape, motlhotlheletsi wa sepolotiki wa maikutlo a a tlhomameng le mmueledi [[:en:Andrew_Schlafly|Andrew Schlafly]] o ne a tlhama [[:en:Conservapedia|Conservapedia]], e e neng e ikaegile ka MediaWiki. === Phasalatso mo metsweding e mengwe === [[:en:German_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Sejeremane]] e ne e le ya ntlha go gatisiwa ka bontlhabongwe gape go dirisiwa metswedi e mengwe ya dikgang (go na le mo maranyaneng), go akaretsa le go gololwa mo CD ka Ngwanaitseele 2004[291] le mefuta e e atolositsweng mo sedirisiweng sa polokelo sa CDkgotsa DVD ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2005 le kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2006. Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2005 mogatisi wa Zenodot mbH, e leng kompone e e amanang le Directmedia,e gatisitse buka ya ditsebe di le lekgolo le masome a mararo le borobabongwe e e tlhalosang Wikipedia, ditso tsa yone le melawana ya yone, e e neng e patilwe ke sedirisiwa sa polokelo sa DVD ya bogolo jwa B jwa bosupa ntlha ya sephatlho e e nang le dipego di le dikete tse makgolo a a mararo le ditshwantsho di le dikete di le lekgolo go tswa mo Wikipedia ya Sejeremane.<ref>[http://www.heise.de/newsticker/result.xhtml?url=/newsticker/meldung/67137&words=Wikipedia%20DVD "Neue Wikipedia-DVD im Handel und zum Download"] (in German). [https://web.archive.org/web/20070605174842/http://www.heise.de/newsticker/result.xhtml?url=%2Fnewsticker%2Fmeldung%2F67137&words=Wikipedia%20DVD Archived] from the original on June 5, 2007. Retrieved April 25, 2007.</ref> Kwa tshimologong, Directmedia le yone e ne ya itsise ka maano a go gatisa Wikipedia ya Sejeremane ka botlalo, ka bogolo jwa volume di le lekgolo tsa ditsebe di le makgolo a le borobabobedi tsebe nngwe le nngwe. Kgatiso e ne e tshwanetse go simolola ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2006, mme e fele ka ngwaga wa 2010. Le fa go ntse jalo, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2006, lenaneo leo le ne la emisiwa.<ref>"[http://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/71231 Wikipedia wird noch nicht gedruckt]" (in German). March 24, 2006. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070416131622/http://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/71231 Archived] from the original on April 16, 2007. Retrieved April 25, 2007.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga w 2008, [[:en:Bertelsmann|Bertelsmann]] o ne a gatisa bolumo ya ditsebe di le sekete e e nang le dipego tse di tlhophilweng tse di tumileng tsa Wikipedia ya Sejeremane. Bertelsmann o ne a duela ka go ithaopa Yuro e le nngwe ka kopololo nngwe le nngwe e e rekisitsweng kwa [[:en:Wikimedia_Deutschland|Wikimedia]] [[:en:Wikimedia_Deutschland|ya Deutschland]].<ref>online, heise (March 24, 2006). "[https://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/Wikipedia-wird-noch-nicht-gedruckt-112468.html Wikipedia wird noch nicht gedruckt"]. heise online (in German). [https://web.archive.org/web/20181118200418/https://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/Wikipedia-wird-noch-nicht-gedruckt-112468.html Archived] from the original on November 18, 2018. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> Porojeke ya lenaneo la ditaelo tsa sesupaditshwantso mahala le yone e simolotswe go dira gore mofuta o o sa fetogeng wa [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]] o nne teng gore o dirisiwe mo [[:en:IPod|di-iPod]]. Lenaneo la “Encyclopodia” e ne ya simololwa mo e ka nnang ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga 2006 mme jaanong e ka dirisiwa mo di-iPod tsa kokomana ya ntlha go fitlha ya bonè.<ref>[https://encyclopodia.sourceforge.net/en/index.html "Encyclopodia – the encyclopedia on your iPod]". [[:en:SourceForge|SourceForge]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070427070452/http://encyclopodia.sourceforge.net/en/index.html Archived] from the original on April 27, 2007. Retrieved April 25, 2007.</ref> ==== Dikgololo tsa difaele tsa CD/DVD/Kiwix ZIM tsa Wikipedia ==== {| class="wikitable" |+ !Kgatiso !Ngwaga !Tlhaloso !Kgolagano ya go laola faele ya [[:en:ZIM_(file_format)|ZIM]] |- |Tlhopo ya CD ya Wikipedia ya ngwaga wa 2006 |2006 |Mofuta wa ntlha wa polokelo ya CD, o o neng o na le tlhopho ya ditlhogo go tswa mo [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipediang ya Seesemane]]. O ne wa phatlhalidiwa ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2006 ke [[m:Interwiki_map/discontinued#SchoolsWPSOSChildren|SOS Children.]]<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20070418030451/http://www.soschildrensvillages.org.uk/charity-news/education-cd.htm SOS Children releases 2006 Wikipedia CD Selection"]. [[m:Interwiki_map/discontinued#SchoolsWPSOSChildren|SOS Children.]] June 4, 2006. Archived from [http://www.soschildrensvillages.org.uk/charity-news/education-cd.htm the original] on April 18, 2007. Retrieved April 25, 2007.</ref> | |- |Wikipedia ya mohuta wa 0.5 |2007 |CD e e neng e na le ditlhogo di ka nna dikete tse pedi tse di tlhophilweng go tswa mo bukeng ya tshedimosetso ya maranyane e ne ya phatlaladisiwa ke [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] le Linterweb. Tlhopho ya ditlhogo e ne e ikaegile ka boleng jwa mofuta wa maranyane le botlhokwa jwa setlhogo se se neng se tshwanetse go akarediwa. E ne ya tlhamiwa e le teko ya go ipaakanyetsa mofuta wa polokelo ya DVD o o neng o tla akaretsa dipego tse dintsi thata.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070427230436/http://www.wikipediaondvd.com/site.php "Wikipedia 0.5 available on a CD-ROM]". April 2007. Archived from [http://wikipediaondvd.com/site.php the original] on April 27, 2007. Retrieved April 25, 2007.</ref><ref>[https://tweakers.net/nieuws/47253/Wikipedia-maakt-cd-voor-internetlozen.html "Wikipedia maakt cd voor internetlozen]" (in Dutch). [[:en:Tweakers.net|tweakers.net.]] April 25, 2007. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070428211831/http://tweakers.net/nieuws/47253/Wikipedia-maakt-cd-voor-internetlozen.html Archived] from the original on April 28, 2007. Retrieved April 25, 2007.</ref> Ditlhogo tsa polokelo ya CD di ne tsa rulaganywa go ya ka ditlhogo tsa tsone. Mofuta wa polokelo ya CD o ne o ka rekwa mo maranyaneng, wa laolwa jaaka [[:en:Disk_image|faele ya setshwantsho sa DVD]] kgotsa [[:en:Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team/Torrent_Project/Version_0.5|faele ya Torrent]], kgotsa wa bonwa mo lefelong la tshedimosetso la lenaneo. |<ref>[https://download.kiwix.org/archive/zim/wikipedia/wikipedia_en_wp1-0.5_2007-03.zim "Wikipedia Version 0.5 at download.kiwix.org"]. ''download.kiwix.org''.</ref><ref>"[https://archive.org/download/wikipedia_en_wp1-0.5_2007-03.zim wikipedia_en_wp1-0.5_2007-03.zim directory listing"]. archive.org.</ref> |- |Wikipedia ya mohuta wa 0.7 |2009 go ya kwa 2010 |Mofuta wa ntlha wa polokelo ya DVD. Kgatiso e e akaretsang ya ditlhogo di ka nna dikete di le masome a mararo tse di tserweng mo mafelong otlhe a dithuto. Go ne ga dirwa tiro ya diatla go tlosa tshenyo ya diteng, mme se sa diega letsatsi la kgololo. E akaretsa ditlhagiso tsa ditlhogo go ya ka maphata le mafelo a lefatshe, mmogo le lenaane la ditlhogo ka tatelano ya ditlhaka tsotlhe tsa puo. |<ref>"[https://download.kiwix.org/archive/zim/wikipedia/wikipedia_en_wp1-0.7_2009-05.zim Wikipedia Version 0.7]". download.kiwix.org.</ref> <ref>[https://archive.org/download/wikipedia_en_wp1-0.7_2009-05.zim "wikipedia_en_wp1-0.7_2009-05.zim directory listing"]. archive.org.</ref> |- |Wikipedia ya mohuta wa 0.8 |2011 |Kgatiso e e akaretsang ya ditlhogo di ka nna dikete di le masome a mane le bosupa le makgolo a le mararo tse di tserweng mo mafelong otlhe a dithuto. Go tlhophwa ga ditlhogo le go tlosa tshenyo ya diteng go dirisiwa ditsamaiso tse di tlhamilweng ke setlhopha sa baithaopi ba ba tswang mo setshabeng sa Wikipedia, mme seo sa tokafatsa thata nako ya go gololwa ga yone. E akaretsa fela lenaane la ditlhogo ka tatelano ya ditlhaka tsotlhe tsa puo mme ga e na go aroganya ditlhogo go ya ka magoro. |<ref>[https://download.kiwix.org/archive/zim/wikipedia/wikipedia_en_wp1-0.8_orig_2010-12.zim "Wikipedia Version 0.8"]. download.kiwix.org.</ref> <ref>"[https://archive.org/download/wikipedia_en_wp1-0.8_orig_2010-12.zim wikipedia_en_wp1-0.8_orig_2010-12.zim directory listing".] archive.org.</ref> |} Go tloga ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo ka ngwaga wa 2022, ga go ise go tlhole go na le ditokololo tse di tlhophilweng tsa dipego fa e sa le ka Mofuta wa Wikipedia 0.8.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 "Wikipedia:Version 1.0 Editorial Team"]. June 12, 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220707222542/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team&oldid=1092780181 Archived] from the original on July 7, 2022. Retrieved June 27, 2022 – via Wikipedia.</ref> === Ditsheko === Ka ditsela tse di lekanyeditsweng, Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia o sireleditswe ke [[:en:Section_230_of_the_Communications_Decency_Act|Karolo]] [[:en:Section_230_of_the_Communications_Decency_Act|makgolo a mabedi le boraro ya Molao wa Maitseo a Ditlhaeletsano]]. Mo kgatong ya go senya leina ''Bauer et al. v. Glatzer'' le ba bangwe, go ne ga tshwarwa gore Wikimedia ga e na tsheko e e ka e arabang ka ntlha ya karolo eno.<ref>[http://m.app.com/news.jsp?key=81411 "Judge tosses Matawan literary agent's defamation lawsuit against Wikipedia – Asbury Park Press"]. M.app.com. Retrieved April 13, 2010.</ref>Molao o o tshwanang kwa lefatshe la France o ne wa dira gore tsheko e kgaolwe ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2007.<ref>[[:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2007-11-05/French_lawsuit|Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2007-11-05/French lawsuit.]] 5 November 2007.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2013, [[:en:Oberlandesgericht|kgotlatshekelo ya boikuelo ya Jeremane kgotsa Oberlandesgericht]] (Kgotlatshekelo e e Kwa Godimo ya Kgaolo ya Stuttgart) e ne ya atlhola gore Wikipedia ke "motlamedi wa tirelo" e seng "motlamedi wa diteng", mme ka jalo ga e na molato fa fela e tlosa diteng tse di latofadiwang ka gore ga di kafa molaong.<ref>Paulson, Michelle (December 2, 2013). [[diffblog:2013/12/02/legal-victory-german-court-wikimedia-foundation/|"In legal victory, German court rules Wikimedia Foundation need not proactively check for illegal or inaccurate content"]]. Diff. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230127005533/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2013/12/02/legal-victory-german-court-wikimedia-foundation/ Archived] from the original on January 27, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.</ref> == Bona gape == * [[:en:History_of_wikis|Ditso tsa diwiki]] * [[:en:List_of_Wikipedias|Lenaane la Diwikipedia]], le rulagantswe go ya ka letlha la go thankgololwa ga lone * [[:de:Wikipedia:Sprachen#Chronologie_der_Wikipedias_nach_Artikelanzahl|Tatelano ya ditiragalo tsa Diwikipedia ka palo ya diathikele]] (sejeremane) * [[:en:Predictions_of_the_end_of_Wikipedia|Diponelopele tsa bokhutlo jwa Wikipedia]] * [[:en:The_Wikipedia_Revolution|Phetogo ya Wikipedia]] – Buka ya 2009 e e kwadilweng ke [[:en:The_Wikipedia_Revolution|Andrew Lih]] * [[:en:Timeline_of_Wikipedia–U.S._government_conflicts|Mola wa nako wa Wikipedia–U.S. dikgotlhang tsa puso]] == Metswedi == gtz3n6r62jwifbmd2p4ra5f60i9n2sa 0 14536 53591 52839 2026-07-29T21:40:36Z Atsile Edith 11759 Ke senotse tsebe e #wikipedia25Bw 53591 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}} {{Speciesbox|fossil_range=[[Pleistocene]] – [[Recent]]|image=Aardwolf, Buffalo Springs National Park, Kenya 1 (cropped).jpg|image_caption=An aardwolf in [[Buffalo Springs National Reserve]], [[Kenya]]|status=LC|status_system=IUCN3.1|status_ref=<ref name=iucn>{{cite iucn |title=''Proteles cristata'' |author=Green, D.S. |date=2015 |article-number=e.T18372A45195681 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T18372A45195681.en |access-date=19 November 2021}}</ref>|status2=CITES_A3|status2_system=CITES|status2_ref=<ref>{{cite Species+ |id=7432 |title=''Proteles cristata'' (Sparrman, 1783) |access-date=24 November 2025}}</ref>|genus=Proteles|species=cristatus|authority=([[Anders Sparrman|Sparrman]], 1783)|display_parents=2|range_map=Aardwolf area.png|range_map_caption=Aardwolf range {{leftlegend|#1e5833|Extant (resident)}}|synonyms_ref=<ref>{{Cite web |title=Proteles cristata (Sparrman, 1783) |url=https://www.gbif.org/species/2433502 |access-date=2023-03-28 |website=www.gbif.org |language=en}}</ref>|synonyms={{collapsible list|bullets=true |title={{small|Synonymy}} |''Proteles cristata'' {{small|Sparrman, 1783}} |''Proteles typicus'' {{small|Smith, 1834}} |''Viverra cristata'' {{small|Sparrman, 1783}} |''Viverra hyenoides'' {{small|Desmarest, 1820}}}}}} '''Phiri ya tlhogo''' ( '''''Proteles cristatus''''' <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Werdelin |first=L. |last2=Kitchener |first2=A. C. |last3=Abramov |first3=A. |last4=Veron |first4=G. |last5=Do Linh San |first5=E. |date=2021 |title=The Scientific Name of the Aardwolf is ''Proteles cristatus'' |url=https://bioone.org/journals/african-journal-of-wildlife-research/volume-51/issue-1/056.051.0149/The-Scientific-Name-of-the-Aardwolf-is-Proteles-cristatus/10.3957/056.051.0149.short |journal=African Journal of Wildlife Research |volume=51 |issue=1 |pages=149–152 |bibcode=2021AfJWR..51..149W |doi=10.3957/056.051.0149 |s2cid=242046818 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> ) ke mofuta wa [[Phiri|ditshenekegi tse di]] jang ditshenekegi, tse di tlholegang kwa Aforika Botlhaba le Borwa . Leina la yona le kaya ' phiri ya lefatshe ' ka [[Seburu|Seaforikanse]] le [[Se-dutch|Sedatšhe]] . Gape e bidiwa '''maanhaarjakkals''' ( Seaforika se kaya ' phokoje ya tlhogo ' ), '''tshephe e e jang dintlhwa''' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Macintyre |first=G. T. |date=1972 |title=Evolutionary Biology |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-1-4684-9063-3 |editor-last=Dobzhansky |editor-first=T. |volume=6 |pages=275–303 |chapter=The Trisulcate Petrosal Pattern of Mammals |doi=10.1007/978-1-4684-9063-3_9 |editor-last2=Hecht |editor-first2=M. K. |editor-last3=Steere |editor-first3=W. C.}}</ref> le '''tshephe ya civet''', go ikaegilwe ka mokgwa wa yone wa go ntsha dilo go tswa mo kgelesweng ya yone ya marago, e leng selo se se tshwanang le [[Kgaga (African Civet)|tshephe ya Aforika]] . Go farologana le bontsi jwa ba losika lwa yona mo thulaganyong ya Carnivora, phiri ga e tsome diphologolo tse dikgolo . E ja ditshidinyana le dibokwana tsa tsona, bogolosegolo dintlhwa ; phiri e le nngwe ya aardwolf e kgona go tshwara dintlhwa di ka nna dikete di le tharo mo bosigong bo le bongwe fela [ 12 ] e dirisa leleme la yone le le telele le le kgomarelang. Leleme la thukwi le tlwaetse go nna thata mo le ka kgonang go emelana le go longwa thata ke dintlhwa. Thukwi e nna mo ditlhatshaneng tsa botlhaba le borwa jwa Afrika – mafatshe a a bulegileng a a khurumeditsweng ke ditlhare le ditlhatshana tse di sa tlhomamang. E tsamaya bosigo, e ikhutsa mo mesimeng motshegare mme e tlhagelele bosigo go batla dijo . Thukwi ka kakaretso e tlhaolwa jaaka karolo ya lelapa la diphiri [[Phiri|tsa Hyaenidae]] . Le fa go ntse jalo, mo nakong e e fetileng e ne e bewa mo lelapeng la yone le le kgethegileng le le bidiwang Protelidae. Kwa tshimologong, baitsanape ba saense ba ne ba akanya gore e ne e etsisa fela phiri e e methalo, mme seno se ne sa dira gore go tlhamiwe lelapa la Protelidae. Dipatlisiso tsa bosheng di bontshitse gore go ka direga gore thukwi e ne ya kgaogana le mafene a mangwe bogologolo; gore kgaogano eo e diragetse leng tota ga go ise go itsiwe sentle, ka gonne bosupi jwa masalela a dilo tsa bogologolo le dipatlisiso tsa dijini ga di dumalane ka pharologano dithuto tsa dijini di sa dumalane ka dingwaga di le didikadike di le lesome. [ ntlha 2 ] . Thukwi ke yone fela mofuta o o tshelang mo lelapeng le lennye la Protelinae. Go na le go sa dumalane gore a mofuta o ke wa mofuta o le mongwe fela, kgotsa o ka kgaoganngwa ka mefutapotlana . Thutopatlisiso ya ngwaga wa 2021 e fitlhetse gore dipharologano tsa dijini mo diphiring tsa botlhaba le tsa borwa di ka nna tsa tlhagelela mo go lekaneng go di aroganya jaaka mefuta. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allio |first=Rémi |last2=Tilak |first2=Marie-Ka |last3=Scornavacca |first3=Celine |last4=Avenant |first4=Nico L |last5=Kitchener |first5=Andrew C |last6=Corre |first6=Erwan |last7=Nabholz |first7=Benoit |last8=Delsuc |first8=Frédéric |date=2021-02-18 |editor-last=Perry |editor-first=George H |editor2-last=Perry |editor2-first=George H |title=High-quality carnivoran genomes from roadkill samples enable comparative species delineation in aardwolf and bat-eared fox |journal=eLife |volume=10 |doi=10.7554/eLife.63167 |issn=2050-084X |pmc=7963486 |pmid=33599612 |doi-access=free |article-number=e63167}}</ref> Ka jalo, Mokgatlho wa lefatshe la Amerika wa Baitseanape ba Diamusi ga jaana o tsaya ''Proteles cristatus'' le ''Proteles septentrionalis'' e le mefuta e e farologaneng. <ref>{{Cite web |title=''Proteles septentrionalis'' |url=https://www.mammaldiversity.org/taxon/1006680/ |access-date=2026-05-26}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=''Proteles cristatus'' |url=https://www.mammaldiversity.org/taxon/1006074/ |access-date=2026-05-26}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" !Setshwantsho ! Mofutapotlana ! Phatlalatso |- |[[Setshwantsho:Aardwolf,_Proteles_cristata,_at_Lion_and_Rhino_Reserve,_Gauteng,_South_Africa_(47987215058).jpg|180x180px]] | ''P. c. keresetase'' | Borwa jwa Aforika |- |[[Setshwantsho:Aardwolf,_Buffalo_Springs_National_Park,_Kenya_1_(cropped).jpg|180x180px]] | ''P. c.'' Rothschild, 1902 ''1902'' | Aforikabotlhaba . |- |} Tshekatsheko ya dimolekhule e e dirilweng ka 2006 e bontshitse gore, go ya ka tatelano ya ditso tsa tlholego (phylogeny), aardwolf ke yone ya bogologolo thata mo mefuteng e le menè e e sa ntseng e tshela ya lelapa la mafene (Hyaenidae)[ 12 ]{{clade|{{clade |label1= |1={{clade |1='''''Proteles cristatus''''' (aardwolf) [[File:The life of animals (Colored Plate 4) (proteles cristatus).jpg|60 px]] }} |2={{clade |1=''[[Spotted hyena|Crocuta crocuta]]'' (spotted hyena) [[File:Spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta) by Connor Ashbridge.png|80 px]] |2={{clade |1=''[[Striped hyena|Hyaena hyaena]]'' (striped hyena) [[File:Hyaena striata - 1818-1842 - Print - Iconographia Zoologica - Special Collections University of Amsterdam -(white background).jpg|70 px]] |2=''[[Brown hyena|Parahyaena brunnea]]'' (brown hyena) [[File:Hyaena fusca (white background).jpg|65 px]] }} }} }}|style=font-size:90%; line-height:100%;|label1='''[[Hyaenidae]]'''}}{{clade|{{clade |label1= |1={{clade |1='''''Proteles cristatus''''' (aardwolf) [[File:The life of animals (Colored Plate 4) (proteles cristatus).jpg|60 px]] }} |2={{clade |1=''[[Spotted hyena|Crocuta crocuta]]'' (spotted hyena) [[File:Spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta) by Connor Ashbridge.png|80 px]] |2={{clade |1=''[[Striped hyena|Hyaena hyaena]]'' (striped hyena) [[File:Hyaena striata - 1818-1842 - Print - Iconographia Zoologica - Special Collections University of Amsterdam -(white background).jpg|70 px]] |2=''[[Brown hyena|Parahyaena brunnea]]'' (brown hyena) [[File:Hyaena fusca (white background).jpg|65 px]] }} }} }}|style=font-size:90%; line-height:100%;|label1='''[[Hyaenidae]]'''}} == Thuto ya mafoko == Leina la kakaretso la ''Proteles'' le tswa mo mafokong a mabedi a a tswang kwa Segerikeng : Ancient Greek , ''prōtos'' le Ancient Greek ''téleios'', e e kopantsweng e kaya "go felela kwa pele" go kaya menwana e metlhano ya aardwolf mo maotong a a kwa pele le e mene mo maotong a a kwa morago. Leina le le rileng ''la cristatus'' le tswa mo Selatineng mme le kaya "go tlamelwa ka kama kgotsa tuft", e e amanang le moriri wa yona. <ref name="ingo" />   {{multiple image|align=left|direction=vertical|image1=Description iconographique comparée du squelette et du système dentaire des mammifères récents et fossiles (Proteles cristata skull).jpg|caption1=Dorsal and ventral aspect of skull|image2=Description iconographique comparée du squelette et du système dentaire des mammifères récents et fossiles (Proteles cristata).jpg|caption2=Skeleton}} [[Setshwantsho:Aardwolf,_Proteles_cristata,_at_Lion_and_Rhino_Reserve,_Gauteng,_South_Africa_(47987248651).jpg|thumb|Thukwi ka leleme le le pepeneneng. Ela tlhoko marodi a a bonalang .]] Thukwi e tshwana le tshephe e nnye thata e bile e le tshesane e e meradi , e e nang le molomo o mosesane thata, meradi e mentsho e e emeng mo kobo ya boboa jo bo serolwana, le [[wiktionary:mane|moriri]] o moleele o o bonalang go ya kwa tlase mo moleng o o fa gare wa molala le mo mokwatleng. Gape e na le moradi o le mongwe kgotsa mebedi e e tshekeletsa go ya kwa tlase kwa pele le kwa morago le moradi e le mmalwa mo maotong a yone. Moriri o tlhatlosiwa ka nako ya dithulano go dira gore thukwi e lebege e le kgolo. E tlhaela lebala la mometso le ba bangwe mo lelapeng ba nang le lone. Leoto la yone le le kwa tlase (go tswa mo lengoleng go ya kwa tlase) le lentsho lotlhe, mme mogatla wa yone o le ditlhatshana ka ntlha e ntsho.[[:en:File:Aardwolf.jpg|[[File:Aardwolf.jpg|link=|class=mw-file-element|311x311px]]]] Thukwi e ka nna boleele jwa di centimeter di le maome a matlhano go ya kwa masomeng a borobabobedi (inch e le masome a mabedi le bobedi go ya go masome a mararo le bobedi ) ka boleele, kwa ntle ga mogatla wa yona o o ditlhatshana, Maoto a kwa pele a na le menwana e le metlhano mo leotong lengwe le lengwe, go farologana le mafene a mangwe a a nang le menwana e le menè fela. Legata la tlhogo (skull) la yone le tshwana ka popego le la mafene a mangwe, le fa lone le le lennye thata, mme meno a yone a kwa marameng a tlhomamiseditswe go ja ditshenekegi. E sa ntse e na le meno a go loma (canines), mme go farologana le mafene a mangwe, meno ano a dirisediwa thata go lwa le go itshireletsa. Ditsebe tsa yone, tse di kgolo, di tshwana thata le tsa phiri e e methalo [[File:Aardwolf.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Aardwolf.png|thumb|Illustration of ''Proteles cristatus'']] Fa thukwi e ntse e tsofala, ka tlwaelo e tla latlhegelwa ke meno mangwe a yone, le fa seo se na le tshusumetso e nnye mo mekgweng ya yona ya go ja ka ntlha ya bonolo jwa ditshidinyana tse e di jang {{Carnivora|F.}}. . [[Karolo:Pages with unreviewed translations]] jjrjocdpvuo8qwo8oqvfl7c4xdipqio 0 14732 53570 53459 2026-07-29T15:02:02Z JudithShe 9421 Ke okeditse thanolo ya tsebe e#Wikipedia25BW 53570 wikitext text/x-wiki Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso di ne tsa tshwarwa mo [[Botswana]] ka Phalane a le masome a mararo ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bone go bona gore Palamente ya lesome le boraro ya Botswana gammogo le makgotla a selegae go ralala lefatshe leno ka bophara e tlaa bopiwa ke bomang. Go ne go tlhophilwe ditilo di le masome a marataro le motso tsa khuduthamaga ya lefatshe ga mmogo le ditilo di le makgolo a maratro le borobabongwe tsa khansele ya selegae, tsotlhe di tlhophilwe ka thulaganyo ya go tlhopha ya ntlha . Phathi ya [[Phathi ya Tomokoraga|Botswana Democratic Party]] (BDP) e e neng e laola dipolotiki tsa lefatshe leno fa e sale e bona boipuso ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le borataro, e ne ya fenngwa ka tsela e e sa siamang ke pphathi ya kganetso e e ka fa molemeng [[Umbrella for Democratic Change|ya Umbrella for Democratic Change]] (UDC). <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tumediso |first=Bontle |date=2026 |title=The 2024 Botswana elections and the demise of the Botswana Democratic Party |url=https://academic.oup.com/afraf/advance-article/doi/10.1093/afraf/adag005/8499740 |journal=African Affairs |language=en |doi=10.1093/afraf/adag005 |issn=0001-9909 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Go fetoga ga batlhophi ka bontsi go ya kwa diphathing tsa kganetso go dirile gore BDP e wele mo maemong a bone. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Ndebele|first=Lenin|date=31 October 2024|title=Initial counting suggests Botswana may just get a new ruling party after 58 years|url=https://www.news24.com/news24/africa/news/initial-counting-suggests-botswana-may-just-get-a-new-ruling-party-after-58-years-20241031|work=News24}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|date=2024-10-31|title=Early Botswana Vote Tallies Point to Shock Loss For Ruling Party|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-10-31/botswana-election-early-tallies-point-to-shock-loss-for-ruling-party|work=Bloomberg.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|last=du Plessis|first=Carien|date=31 October 2024|title=Botswana: Early election count sparks opposition optimism|url=https://www.theafricareport.com/366666/botswana-early-election-count-sparks-opposition-optimism/|work=The Africa Report}}</ref> UDC e ne ya tsaya maemo a ntlha ka manno a le masome a mararo le borataro, bontsi e le a matlhano. Se se ne sa netefatsa gore [[Duma Boko]], moeteledipele wa UDC le phathi ya yone e tona, e [[Botswana National Front|leng Botswana National Front]] ( BNF ), o tla tlhophiwa go nna [[tautona wa Botswana]] . Phathi ya [[Botswana Congress Party]] ( BCP ) e ne ya tsaya maemo a bobedi, mme la yone phathi ya kganetso ya semmuso . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-11-01 |title=NEW REPUBLIC |url=https://www.mmegi.bw/news/new-republic/news |access-date=2024-11-01 |website=Mmegi Online |language=en}}</ref> Phathi ya [[Botswana Patriotic Front]] (BPF) e iponetse kgolo e e bonalang mo [[Kgaolo ya Legare (Botswana)|Kgaolong ya Bogare]], ka go oketsa palo ya manno a yone. BDP e ne ya fokodiwa go nna le ditilo di le nne fela, ya latlhegelwa ke masome a robabongwe mo lekgolong ya boemedi jwa yone mo palamenteng mo go nngwe ya diphenyo tse di maswe go gaisa tse di kileng tsa itemogelwa ke puso e e mo palamenteng. Mo mosong wa Ngwanatsele a rogwa, tautona o o mo maemong a botautona [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]] o ne a dumela gore o fentswe mme a netefatsa gore puso e fetisiwa ka kagiso. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana election: Duma Boko – the politician who did the unthinkable |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cx2yx5nk1l0o?xtor=AL-72-%5Bpartner%5D-%5Bbbc.news.twitter%5D-%5Bheadline%5D-%5Bnews%5D-%5Bbizdev%5D-%5Bisapi%5D&at_campaign=Social_Flow&at_campaign_type=owned&at_link_id=5F2B5D36-987B-11EF-AF2F-A1C2AD3A0A2C&at_format=link&at_ptr_name=twitter&at_bbc_team=editorial&at_link_origin=BBCWorld&at_medium=social&at_link_type=web_link |access-date=2024-11-01 |website=www.bbc.com |language=en-GB}}</ref> Mo motshegareng o o Boko o ne a ikanisiwa ke Moatlhodimogolo [[Terence Rannowane]], a bopa puso ya ntlha fa e saleka boipuso e e neng e se na seabe sa BDP. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Duma Boko sworn in as Botswana's new president |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/duma-boko-sworn-in-as-botswana-s-new-president/3381189 |access-date=2024-11-01 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Tse di diragetseng pele == === Ditlhopho tse di fetileng === Ditlhopho tse di neng di tshwerwe ka la bo Phalane a le masome mabedi le boraro ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabongwe, di bone BDP e tshegetsa bontsi jwa yona jwa palamente lekghetho la lesome le bobedi ka go latelana, e bona 53% ya ditalama le manno a le masome a mararo le borobabobedi mo go a le masome a matlhano le bouspa, e leng palo e le nngwe go feta mo [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2014 (Botswana)|ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa 2014 (Botswana)]] . UDC e ne ya bona ditalama di le 36% le ditilo di le lesome le botlhano, di le kwa tlase ka bobedi go tswa mo ditlhophong tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bone. Ditlhopho tse, di ne tsa tshwaya go baakanya sepolotiki se segolo mo sepolotiking sa Botswana. Se, ke ka ntlha ya gore [[Kgaolo ya Legare (Botswana)|Kgaolo ya Bogare]] (e e neng e tshegetsa BDP ka tlhomamo, ka palogare ya 75% ya ditalama fa e sale ka ditlhopho tsa ntlha ka tsa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le botlhano) e ne ya bona diphetogo tse dikgolo mo kganetsong ka ntlha yakemo nokeng ya ga [[Botswana Patriotic Front|tautonawa]] pele [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] ya phathi e e neng e sa tswa go tlhamiwa ya Botswana Patriotic Front (BPF), le bo ntlhopheng ba UDC, kwa BPF e neng e sena bo ntlhopheng teng. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Seabo |first=Batlang |last2=Nyenhuis |first2=Robert |date=2021-11-23 |title=Botswana's 2019 General Elections: A Referendum on General Ian Khama |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/african-studies-review/article/abs/botswanas-2019-general-elections-a-referendum-on-general-ian-khama/025D7A45D5F26B1A8045E91529DCAAB5#access-block |journal=African Studies Review |language=en |volume=64 |issue=4 |pages=854–883 |doi=10.1017/asr.2021.69 |issn=0002-0206 |s2cid=244539238 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> UDC le BPF di ne tsa gapa manno a le lesome le bongwe mo go a le lesome le bosupa mo kgaolong eo, mme e le lantlha phathi e sele e seng ya BDP e gapa setilo mo kgaolong eo. Le fa go ntse jalo, BDP e ne ya bona dipoelo tse di bonalang mo dikgaolong tse dingwe, ya bona manno otlhe mo Gaborone le dikgaolo tse di kwa borwa jwa lefatshe leno, mme se sa fokotsa kgatelopele ya UDC. <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last1=Chutel|first1=Lynsey|date=2019-10-25|title=Botswana Election Won by President, Despite Rift with Predecessor|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/25/world/africa/botswana-election-mokgweetsi-masisi.html|journal=The New York Times|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite news|date=26 November 2019|title=Botswana opposition challenges election result in court|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSKBN1Y00QO/|journal=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> Ditlamorago tsa ditlhopho tse di tlhalosiwang e le go kgopisega di ne tsa lebisiwa mo maitekong a ga Tautona Masisi a go boelana le dikarolo tsa setshaba tse pele di neng di sa dumalane le Khama, jaaka makgotla an babereki, a kemo nokeng ya bone e neng e fokotsegile mo ditlhophong tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bone. Go utlwana ga baeteledipele ba UDC le Khama, yo o santseng a sa ratiwe ke batlhophi ba ditoropo le ba borwa, go dirile gore UDC e latlhegelwe ke tshegetso mo gare ga setlhopha sa yone sa kganetso sa kwa borwa. <ref name=":0" /> Fa balebeledi ba mafatshefatshe ba ne ba tsaya gore ditlhopho di "gololesegile e bile di siame", <ref>{{Cite news|title=Botswana's Masisi retains presidency as BDP wins election|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-botswana-election-idUSKBN1X40KS/}}</ref> [[Duma Boko]] o ne a ganetsana le phenyo ya BDP, a supa diphoso tse di bonalang tsa ditlhopho. <ref name=":1">{{Cite news|title=Botswana opposition challenges election result in court|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSKBN1Y00QO/}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSKBN1Y00QO/ "Botswana opposition challenges election result in court"]. </cite></ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana: Freedom in the World 2020 Country Report |url=https://freedomhouse.org/country/botswana/freedom-world/2020 |access-date=2024-02-23 |website=Freedom House |language=en}}</ref> Le fa UDC e ne e bolela gore e ne ya tlhopha makgetlho a le mantsi le go neela badiredi ba ditlhopho pipamolomo, boikuelo jwa bone jwa go dira gore ditlhopho di se ka tsa nna le mosola bo ne jwa kgaolwa ke kgotlatshekelokgolo ka Sedimonthole ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabongwe. Le fa Kgotlatshekelo ya boikuelo e ne ya dumela go reetsa tsheko e ka Firikgong ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi, moragonyana e ne ya kgaolwa ka ntlha ya go tlhoka o o e okametseng. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff Writer |date=2020-01-31 |title=Court of Appeal ends UDC petition case with dismissal |url=https://www.mmegi.bw/news/court-of-appeal-ends-udc-petition-case-with-dismissal/news |access-date=2024-02-23 |website=Mmegi Online |language=en}}</ref> === Tse di diragetseng pele ka diphathi tsa kganetso pele ga ditlhopho === Morago ga ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabongwe, go ne ga nna le diphathi di le tharo tsa kganetso mo khuduthamageng— [[Umbrella for Democratic Change]] (UDC), [[Botswana Patriotic Front]] (BPF) le [[Alliance for Progressives]] (AP). Ka Phatwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bobedi, BPF e ne ya ikgolaganya le UDC, ya kopanya diphathi tsotlhe tsa kganetso kwa ntle ga AP. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Admin |date=5 October 2022 |title="BPF is a member of UDC" – Mohwasa |url=https://www.thegazette.news/news/bpf-is-a-member-of-udc-mohwasa/ |access-date=2023-01-12 |website=Botswana Gazette |language=en}}</ref> Phathi ya [[Botswana Congress Party]] (BCP), phathi e kgolo ya UDC fa e sale ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bosupa, e ne e supile kgatlhego ya go tswa mo kgolaganong ya UDC ka ntlha ya go sa dumalane magareng ga moeteledipele wa BCP, [[Dumelang Saleshando]] le moeteledipele wa UDC, [[Duma Boko]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tlhankane |first=Mompati |date=2022-12-26 |title=Boko, Saleshando exchanges |url=https://www.mmegi.bw/news/boko-saleshando-exchanges/news |access-date=2023-01-12 |website=Mmegi Online |language=en}}</ref> Saleshando o ne a emisa go nna Moeteledipele wa Kganetso kwa khuduthamageng ysa Botswanan, morago ga gore setlhopha sa maloko a palamente a UDC se se neng se kopantswe ke baganetsi ba le batlhano ba BCP, se mo tlhophe gore a se ka a nna mo maemong ao ka Phukwi ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bobedi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=KEORAPETSE NEW LOO |url=https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/68042 |access-date=2023-01-11 |website=dailynews.gov.bw}}</ref> BCP e ne ya dira kakanyo ya go tlhama bokopano jwa ditlhopho le AP le phathi e e sa tswang go tlhamiwa, ya Botswana Labour Party (phathi e nnye e e kgaoganeng [[Botswana National Front|ya Botswana National Front]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tlhankane |first=Mompati |date=27 February 2023 |title=BCP yet to officially ditch UDC |url=https://www.mmegi.bw/ampArticle/107185 |access-date=28 March 2023 |website=[[Mmegi|Mmegi Online]]}}</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, AP e ne ya ikgogela morago mo dipuisanong tsa tirisanommogo morago ga go sa dumalane le BCP bogolo segolo ka ntlha ya go sa dumalane ka kabo ya dikgaolo tsa ditlhopho, ya tlhopha go kopana le UDC boemong jwa seo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-17 |title=AP withdraws from cooperation talks |url=https://www.mmegi.bw/news/ap-withdraws-from-cooperation-talks/news |access-date=2023-04-18 |website=[[Mmegi]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Dube |first=Chakalisa |date=2023-07-31 |title=AP joins fight against vote 'rigging' |url=https://www.mmegi.bw/news/ap-joins-fight-against-vote-rigging/news |access-date=2023-10-13 |website=[[Mmegi Online]] |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ka Motsheganong ngwaga wa dikete pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro, komiti ya legare ya BCP e ne ya fetsa ka bongwefela jwa pelo gore e tseye karolo mo ditlhophong tsa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bone e kgaogane le kgolagano ya UDC. Phathi e umakile matshwenyego a go tlhokomologa puso ya batho ka batho ga UDC ya mo teng ga phathi le go nna mo kotsing ga moeteledipele wa phathi ya bone go tshwarwa ke "dikgatlhego tsa mohama o o ikemetseng", jaaka mabaka a go tswa ga bone. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana Congress Party |url=https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=pfbid0mzrBGJNTFA6GHKrf9TFR6VCvMZDdiTN8zwB8Gf4KejMDt4aPupRuvULzh9rVmrNJl&id=100050397913844 |access-date=2023-06-06 |website=Facebook |language=en}}</ref> Morago ga go boela morago ga boeteledipele jwa phathi ka Moranang ngwaga wa dikeet pedi masome a mabedi le bone, BPF e ne ya tsaya tshwetso ya go tswa mo kgolaganong ya UDC, ya tlhopha go dirisana mmogo mo go neng go tlaa bona BPF e sa nne le bontlhopheng mo dikgaolong tsa tlhopho tse e neng e tsaya gore ga di ka ke tsa fenngwa mme UDC e dira jalo mo dikgaolong tse BPF e ka fenyang mo go tsone ka boeteledipele jwa UDC, boemong jwa go gana ka fa tlase ga boeteledipele jwa UDC. <ref>{{Cite web |title=BPF has decided to use own symbol come October elections |url=https://www.facebook.com/TheWeekendPostBW/posts/pfbid0oXo3VyjNfQrfUusNwgC526Bqdp7s62kAEPjXdDQtXko83mrwYf7M4wKM2JAZrpRl |access-date=2024-04-07 |website=Facebook}}</ref> Letsholo la ditlhopho le bone gape go boa ga ga tautona wa pele [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]], motshwaya diphoso wa tautona o o mo maemong [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]], morago ga dingwaga di le tharo tsa go ipeela botshabelo ka Lwetse ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bone. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana votes with ruling party aiming to extend six decades of power |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20241030-botswana-votes-with-ruling-party-aiming-to-extend-six-decades-of-power |access-date=2024-10-30 |website=France 24}}</ref> Khama o ne a ema BPF nokeng mo ditlhophong. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana holds an election where the diamond trade has become a central issue |url=https://apnews.com/article/botswana-election-bdp-masisi-7ae583e904f30e4fe3df3e6de2ecefb6 |access-date=2024-10-30 |website=Associated Press}}</ref> === Popego ya palamente === [[Palamente ya lesome le bobedi ya Botswana|Palamente ya bo lesome le bobedi]] e tlhomilwe ka Ngwanatseele a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabongwe. [[Dumelang Saleshando]] o ne a emeletse [[Duma Boko]] jaaka Moeteledipele wa diphathi tsa kganetso kwa khuduthamageng ya lefatshe morago ga go fenngwa ga ga Boko kwa ditlhophong tsa kakaretso. Pele ga thibelo ya go kgabaganya diphathi ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le boraro, Khuduthamaga e ne ya bona maloko a palamente a mabedi a BDP le maloko a palamente a le mabedi a UDC a fetogela kwa UDC le BDP, ka go latelana. Ditlhopho tsa tlaleletso di ne tsa tsosiwa mo kgaolong ya botlhophi ya Serowe Bophirima morago ga go lelekwa ga [[Tshekedi Khama II|ga Tshekedi Khama]] mo palamenteng morago ga gore a tshabele kwa [[Aforika Borwa]] le morwarraagwe (le tautona wa pele), Ian Khama, mme se sa dira gore a se ka a nna le palo e e kwa tlase ya dikopano tse di tlhokegang go tshegetsa setilo sa gagwe. Ditlhopho tsa tlaleletso tsa Serowe bophirima tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le boraro di ne tsa tshwarwa ka Phukwi ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le boraro mme tsa bona BPF e boloka setilo seo ka bontsi jo bogolo. Yandani Boko, yo e kileng ya bo e le Mopalamente wa UDC kwa [[Mahalapye Botlhaba]], o ithotse tiro mo Palamenteng ya lefatshe ka Mopitlo ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bone. Ga go a ka ga tshwarwa ditlhopho tsa tlaleletso tsa setulo sa gagwe ka gonne go ne go tsewa gore go ne go le gaufi thata le go phatlaladiwa ga palamente, go solofetswe ka Phatwe . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-12 |title=The rise and fall of Yandani Boko |url=https://thepatriot.co.bw/the-rise-and-fall-of-yandani-boko/ |access-date=2024-07-07 |website=The Patriot On Sunday |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Basimanebotlhe |first=Tsaone |date=2024-03-18 |title=Boko's exit leaves workers stranded at Mahalapye East |url=https://www.mmegi.bw/news/bokos-exit-leaves-workers-stranded-at-mahalapye-east/news |access-date=2024-07-07 |website=[[Mmegi Online]] |language=en}}</ref> == Tsamaiso ya ditlhopho == Mo ditlhophong tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bone, boloko jwa khuduthamaga ya Botswana ke mapalamente ba le masome a marataro le motso ba ba tlhophilweng mo dikgaolong tsa botlhophi tsa ntlhopheng a le mongwe phathi nngwe le nngwe, maloko a le marataro ba ba tlhophilweng ke phathi e e busang le ba le babbedi (tautona le motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente)<ref>[https://www.parliament.gov.bw/index.php/frequently-asked-questions#q1 "FAQs".] ''Parliament of Botswana''. Retrieved 28 July 2026</ref> Batlhophi ba tlhokiwa go bo e le baagedi ba Botswana ba le dingwaga di le lesome le borobabobedi le go feta, gape ba ntse mo Botswana sebaka sa dikgwedi di le lesome le bobedi pele ga ikwadiso. Batho ba ba lwalang tlhaloganyo, ba na le boagedi jwa mafatshe a mabedi, ba atlholetswe loso, ba lebisitswe molato wa dilthopho kgotsa ba le mo kgolegelong dikgwedi di le thataro ga ba letlelelwe go tlhopha.<ref name=":2">[http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/2041_B.htm Electoral system] IPU</ref> Bo ntlhopheng ba tshwanetse gore e bo e le baagedi ba Botswana, ba le dingwaga di feta masome a mabedi le motso, ba sa tshona thata gape ba kgona go bua le go baal [[Sekgowa]] sentle gore ba nne bontlha jwa dipuisano tsa palamente.<ref name=":2" /> Gape ba tshwanetse go iponela tlhopho ya batho ba le babedi mo kagolong ya bone ya botlhophi le kemo nokeng ya ba le supa. Go tlhokiwa madi a peeletso, a a busiwang fa ntlhopheng a ka amogela lesome le botlhano mo lekgolong la tlhopho ya kgaolo. Maloko a [[Ntlo ya Dikgosi tsa Botswana|Ntlo Ya Dikgosi]] ga ba a tshwanela go emela ditlhopho.<ref name=":2" /> Tautona o tlhophiwa sebaka sa dingwaga di le tlhano ke khuduthamaga. Fa e sale ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le bosupa, bo tautona ba thswanetse go nna dingwaga di sa fete lesome mo ofising, di tlhatlhologana kgotsa di sa tlhatlhologane.<ref>[https://www.parliament.gov.bw/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=6&Itemid=163 "History".] ''www.parliament.gov.bw''. Retrieved 28 July 2026</ref> Go kgona ga ga tautona go ikaegile mo goreng a puso ya gagwe e na le kemo nokeng ya tlhopho ya mapalamente. O kgona go ntshiwa ka tshutiso ya go tlhoka go mo tshepha, mo go dirang gore a ithole marapo kgtsa fa a sa dire jalo, go phatlhaladiwa ga palamente fa tautona a gana go dira jalo. Ka nako ya ipapaletso ditlhopho, bo ntlhopheng botlhe ba khuduthamaga ba supa gore ba eme mang nokeng go emela botautona fa ba isa dipampiri tsa bone tsa tlhopho. Fa phathi e nna le palo e ntsi ya mapalamente a a tlhophilweng, ntlhopheng wa yone wa botautona o nna tautona ntle le go tlhophiwa. == Metswedi == dlzsknyjjrva7dwbm6ujow2klfzdb64 0 14733 53569 53465 2026-07-29T14:57:30Z JudithShe 9421 Ke okeditse thanolo ya tsebe e#Wikipedia25BW 53569 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thamaga-Kumakwane''' ke kgaolo ya botlhophi kwa kgaolong ya [[Kweneng]] e e emetsweng ke [[Palelo Motaosane]], mopalamente wa BDP kwa [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|khuduthamageng ya Botswana]] fa e sale ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabongwe. == Popego ya kgaolo ya botlhophi == Kgaolo ya Thamaga-Kumakwane e sale e nna teng fa e sale ka ditlhopho tsa ntlha tsa lefatshe tsa ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robababongwe masome a marataro fa e gaisanelwa e le Kweneng Borwa. Kgaolo e ya botlhophi e kile ya itsege gape ka leina la '''Thamaga,''' pele ga e fetolwa leina go nna Thamaga-Kumakwane go tswa ka dilthopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bone go ya pele. Kgaolo e kwa bophirima jwa Gaborone e diriwa ke metse ya Thamaga le Kumakwane. E akaretsa bontlha jwa masimo a a kwa borwa-botlhaba jwa Botswana le lebante la maage le metse setoropo gareng ga toropokgolo le dikagolo tsa Kweneng. Dikgaolo tsa yone di akaretsa metse e go iwang gaufi le Gaborone go duwa kwa go yone mo Gaborone le metsana e mengwe. Kgaolo e ke nngwe ya tse di santseng di tshwareletswe ke BDP. Jaaka kgaolo ee mabapi ya Moshupa-Manyana, ga ise ke e ise mopalamente ope kwa pusong kwa ntle ga wa BDP. Se se dira gore e nne nngwe ya dikgaolo tsa ditlhopho di le mmalwa mo Botswana kwa BDP e santseng e tshwere boemedi mo go tsone fa e sale ditlhopho tsa ntlha. Mo ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bone, fa BDP e latlhegelwa e le lantlha e fenya fela dikgaolo tsa botlhophi tse nne, Thamaga-Kumakwane e ne e le nngwe ya dikgaolo tse pedi tse phathi e di fentseng. Kgaolo e na le magae a a latelang:<ref>''[https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/2022_Delimitation_Final_Report.pdf 2022 Delimitation Commission Report]'' (PDF). 2022. pp.&nbsp;70–71.</ref> # [[Thamaga]] # [[Kumakwane]] # [[Ramaphatle]] # [[Gakgatla]] # [[Kubung]] == Mapalamente == {| class="wikitable" |+ !Tlhopho !Mofenyi |- |Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a roabongwe masome a marataro le botlhano | rowspan="2" |Johnson Nkoane |- |Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le borobabongwe |- |Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le bone |[[Peter Mmusi]] |- |Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le borobabongwe | rowspan="2" |[[Englishman Kgabo]] |- |Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabaongwe masome a robabaobedi le bone |- |Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabaongwe masome a robabaobedi le borobabongwe |[[Peter Mmusi]] |- |Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robababongwe masome a robabongwe le bone | rowspan="3" |[[Gladys Kokorwe]] |- |Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga a sekete makgolo a robabaongwe masome a robabaongwe le borobabongwe |- |Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bone |- |Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe |John Seakgosing |- |Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bone |[[Tshenolo Mabeo]] |- |Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabongwe | rowspan="2" |Palelo Motaosane |- |Ditlhopho tsa dikete pedi masome amabedi le bone |} == Maduo a ditlhopho == Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bone {| class="wikitable" |+ !Phathi !Ntlhopheng !Ditalama !% !a e oketsegile kgotsa e fokotsegile |- |BDP |Palelo Motaosane |Dikete di le robabobedi makgolo a mararo le lesome |53.29 |e fokotsegile ka 24.15 |- |UDC |Kopano Rannatshe |dikete di le thataro lekgolo lesome le borobabongwe |39.24 |e oketsegile ka 19.96 |- |BCP |Seatla mookodi |sekete, lekgolo, masome a marataro le borataro |7.48 |N/A |- | colspan="2" |Seelo sa phenyo |dikete di le pedi, lekgolo masome a robabongwe le motso |14.05 |e fokotsegile ka 44.11 |- | colspan="2" |Ditlhopho tsotlhe |dikete di le lesome le botlhano, makgolo a matlhano masome a robabongwe le botlhano |98.66 |e fokotsegile ka 0.61 |- | colspan="2" |Tse disenyegileng |makgolo a mabedi lesome le bobedi |1.34 |e oketsegile ka 0.61 |- | colspan="2" |go tla ga batho |dikete di le lesome le botlhano makgolo a robabobedi le bosupa |82.01 |e fokotsegile ka 4.91 |- | colspan="2" |batlhophi ba ba ikwadisitseng |dikete di le lesome ;e borobabongwe makgolo a mabedi masome a supa le botlhano | | |- | colspan="3" |Tse di tshwerweng ke BDP |Phetogo ya tlhopho |E fokotsegile ka 22.05 |} === Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabongwe === {| class="wikitable" !Phathi !Ntlhopheng !Ditalama !% !a e oketsegile kgotsa e fokotsegile |- |BDP |Palelo Motaosane |Dikete di le lesome le boraro, makgolo a mane masome a marataro le motso |77.43 |e oketsegile ka 28.51 |- |UDC |Ofentse Khumomotse | | | |- |AP |Marie Sola | | | |- | colspan="2" |Seelo sa phenyo | | | |- | colspan="2" |Ditlhopho tsotlhe | | | |- | colspan="2" |Tse disenyegileng | | | |- | colspan="2" |go tla ga batho | | | |- | colspan="2" |batlhophi ba ba ikwadisitseng |dikete di le masome a mabedi, lekgolo masome a mane le bosupa | | |- | colspan="3" |Tse di tshwerweng ke BDP |Phetogo ya tlhopho |E oketsegile ka 26.40 |} == Metswedi == emfjzovjc1nkn20obj2rvh49j6x2udf 0 14737 53568 53468 2026-07-29T14:49:32Z JudithShe 9421 Ke okeditse le go baakanya thanolo ya tsebe e #Wikipedia25BW 53568 wikitext text/x-wiki Ba ba latelang ke maloko a [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|khuduthamaga ya Botswana]] ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bone go tsena ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabongwe. Go ne go na le ditilo di le masome a marataro le boraro mo khuduthamageng, mo go tsone ke mapalamente a le masome a matlhano le bosupa ba ba tlhophilweng mo dikgaolong tsa botlhophi, mapalamente a a tlhophilweng mo go faphegileng ba le bane, le maloko a le mabedi a eleng tautona le [[Motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente ya Botswana|motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente]] ba ba tlhophilweng ka ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bone.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150924032846/http://www.iec.gov.bw/images/pdf/elections%202014%20parliamentary%20results.pdf "2014 Parliamentary Election Results"] (PDF). IEC. October 2014. Archived from [http://www.iec.gov.bw/images/pdf/elections%202014%20parliamentary%20results.pdf the original] (PDF) on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 28 July 2026</ref> == Tshupo ka tafole == {| class="wikitable" |+ !Sesupo sa phathi !Mmala ! |- | |o mohibidu |[[Botswana Democratic Party]] |- | |o botala jwa tlhaga |[[Botswana Congress Party]] |- | |o bophutshe |[[Umbrella for Democratic Change]] |- | |o phepole |[[Alliance for Progressives]] |} Mapalamente a a tlhophilweng ka ditlhopho tsa kakaretso {| class="wikitable" |+ !kgaolo ya botlhophi !Leina !Phathi !Diatalama !% ya ditalama ! |- |[[Chobe District]] |[[Machana Shamukuni]] |BDP |dikete di le nne, lekgolo lesome le bone |55.9 | |- |[[Maun]] botlhaba |Kostantinos Markus |BDP |dikete di le thataro, masome a mane le borataro |44.4 | |- |[[Ngamiland]] |Tawana Moremi |UDC |dikete di supa, makgolo a mabedi masome a supa le motso |48.2 | |- |[[Okavango]] |Bagalatia Arone |BCP (morago a fetogela kwa BDP) |dikete di le thataro, makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le bone |53.9 | |- |[[Tati Siding]] botlhaba |Samson Guma Moyo |BDP |dikete di le tlhano, makgolo a robabobedi masome a marataro le bone |59.7 | |- |[[Tati Bophirima]] |[[Biggie Butale]] |BDP |dikete di le nne, makgolo a matlhano le le,some |42.3 | |- |[[Francistown Botlhaba]] |[[Buti Billy]] |BDP |dikete di le tharo, makgolo a robabobedi lesome le borobabobedi |45.0 | |- |[[Francistown Borwa]] |[[Wynter Mmolotsi]] |UDC (morago a fetogela kwa AP) |dikete di le tlhano, makgolo a mabedi masome a marataro le motso |52.1 | |- |[[Francistown Bophirima]] |[[Mokwaledi Ignatius Moswaane]] |BDP |dikete di le tlhano, makgolo a mararo le bolthano |53.5 | |- |[[Nata-Gweta]] |[[Polson Majaga]] |BDP |dikete di le tharo, makgolo a mane, masome a mabedi le bone |35.2 | |- |[[Nkange]] |[[Edwin Batshu]] |BDP |dikete di le thataro, makgolo a mane, masome a marataro le motso |50.1 | |- |[[Shashe Bophirima]] |[[Fidelis Macdonald Molao]] |BDP |dikete di le thataro, makgolo a robabobedi, masome a mararo le borobabongwe |56.7 | |- |[[Tonota]] |[[Thapelo Olopeng]] |BDP |dikeet di supa, lesome le boraro |54.4 | |- |[[Bobonong]] |[[Shaw Kgathi]] |BDP |dikeet di supa, makgolo a mararo masome a mabedi le botlhano |49.4 | |- |[[Mmadinare]] |[[Kefentse Mzwinila]] |BDP |dikeet di le tharo, makgolo a mararo masome a supa le botlhano |68.7 | |- |[[Selebi-Phikwe Botlhaba]] |[[Nonofo Molefhi]] |BDP |dikete di le tharo makgolo a mararo masome a supa le borataro |40.4 | |- |[[Selebi-Phikwe Bophirima]] |[[Dithapelo Keorapetse]] |BCP (morago a fetogela kwa UDC) |dikete di le nne, makgolo a mabedi masome a mane le bosupa |48.8 | |- |[[Lerala-Maunatlala]] |[[Prince Maele]] |BDP |dikete di le thataro makgolo a mararo masome a matlhano le borataro |53.8 | |- |[[Palapye]] |[[Moiseraele Goya]] |BDP |dikete di le thataro, makgolo a supa masome a supa le motso |55.9 | |- |[[Sefhare]] - [[Ramokgonami]] |[[Dorcus makgato malesu]] |BDP |dikete di supa, makgolo a mane masome a matlhano le borobabongwe |54.4 | |- |[[Mahalapye Botlhaba]] |[[Botlogile tshireletso]] |BDP |dikete di le nne, makgolo a mane le borataro |47.3 | |- |[[Mahalapye Bophirima]] |[[Joseph Molefe]] |BDP |dikete di le thataro makgolo matlhano masome a mane le borataro |55.8 | |- |[[Shoshong(Kgaolo ya Botlhophi)]] |[[Dikgang Makgalemele]] |BDP |dikete di le tlhano, makgolo a mararo masome a supa le bosupa |50.3 | |- |[[Serowe Bokone]] |[[Kgotla Autlwetse]] |BDP |dikete di robabongwe makgolo a marataro lesome le motso |84.5 | |- |[[Serowe Bophirima]] |[[Tshekedi Khama II]] |BDP |dikete di robabongwe makgolo a marataro lesome le motso |77.6 | |- |[[Serowe Borwa]] |[[Pelonomi Venson-Moitoi]] |BDP |dikete di supa, makgolo a robabobedi masome a mararo le boraro |68.8 | |- |[[Boteti Botlhaba]] |[[Lelatisitswe Setlhomo]] |BDP |dikete di le tlhano makgoloa matlhano le masome a mararo |62.8 | |- |[[Boteti Bophirima]] |[[Slumber Tsogwane]] |BDP |dikete di le tlhano makgolo a supa le masome a robabongwe |47.8 | |- |[[Mochudi]] botlhaba |[[Moagi Molebatsi]] |UDC |dikete di le thataro, makgolo a robabobedi masome a mabedi le bone |38.8 | |- |[[Mochudi]] bophirima |[[Gilbert Mangole]] |UDC |dikete di robabobedi makgolo a robabobedi masome a matlhano le borataro |47.5 | |- |[[Gaborone Bogare]] |[[Phenyo Butale]] |UDC (morago a fetogela kwa AP) |dikete di le nne, makgolo a marataro le motso |39.6 | |- |[[Gaborone Bokone]] |[[Haskins Nkaigwa]] |UDC (morago a fetogela kwa AP mme a boela kwa UDC) |dikete di le tlhano, makgolo a supa, masome amararo le borobabobedi |44.0 | |- |[[Gaborone Borwa]] |[[Kagiso Molatlhegi]] |BDP |dikete di le tharo, makgolo a robabobedi, masome a supa le bobedi |34.0 | |- |[[Gaborone]] Bonnington Bokone |[[Duma Boko]] |UDC |dikete di supa, makgolo a marataro masome a robabongwe le bone |53.6 | |- |[[Gaborone]] [[Bonnington]] Borwa |[[Ndaba Gaolathe]] |UDC (morago a fetogela kwa AP) |dikete di le thataro, makgolo a marataro, masome a mane le borataro |57.3 | |- |[[Tlokweng]] |[[Masego Segokgo]] |UDC |dikete di le thataro makgolo a mane, masome a mane le bobedi |55.9 | |- |[[Ramotswa]] |[[Samuel Rantuana]] |BCP (morago a fetogela kwa UDC) |dikete di supa, makgolo a mararo le bosupa |40.4 | |- |[[Mogoditshane]] |[[Sedirwa Kgoroba]] |UDC (morago a fetogela kwa AP) |dikete di le nne, lekgolo le masome a robabobedi |35.2 | |- |[[Gabane]]-[[Mmankgodi]] |[[Pius Mokgware]] |UDC (morago a fetogela kwa AP) |dikete di supa, lekgolo masome a matlhano le botlhano |41.5 | |- |[[Thamaga]]-[[Kumakwane]] |[[Tshenolo Mabeo]] |BDP |dikete di supa, masome a matlhano le boraro |48.3 | |- |[[Molepolole Bokone (Kgaolo ya Botlhophi)]] |[[Mohammed Khan]] |UDC |dikete di robabobedi, makgolo a robabobedi, masome a matlhano le bone |58.6 | |- |[[Molepolole Borwa (Kgaolo ya Botlhophi)]] |[[Tlamelo Mmatli]] |UDC |dikete di le tlhano, masome a supa le bone |50.2 | |- |[[Lentsweletau]]-[[Mmopane]] |[[Vincent Seretse]] |BDP |dikete di supa, lekgolo le masome a supa |43.1 | |- |[[Letlhakeng]]-[[Lephephe]] |[[Liakat Kablay]] |BDP |dikete di le tlhano, makgolo a mabedi masome a marataro le botlhano |47.4 | |- |[[Takatokwane]] |[[Ngaka Ngaka]] |BDP |dikete di le tlhano, masome a supa le bone |47.4 | |- |[[Lobatse]] |[[Sadique Kebonang]] |BDP |dikete di le tlhano makgolo a mane masome a robabobedi le botlhano |49.4 | |- |[[Goodhope-Mabule]] |[[Lotlaamoreng Montshioa]] |UDC |dikete di le thataro makgolo a supa lesome le bobedi |48.9 | |- |[[Mmathethe-Molapowabojang]] |[[Alfred Madigele]] |BDP |dikete di robabobedi makgolo a mabedi masome a robabobedi le boraro |50.5 | |- |[[Kanye Borwa (Kgaolo ya Botlhophi)]] |[[Abram Kesupile]] |UDC |dikete di supa, makgolo a mararo masomea matlhano le motso |35.6 | |- |[[Kanye]]-Bokone |[[Patrick Ralotsia]] |BDP |dikete di le tlhano, makgolo a supa masome a mabedi le borataro |46.1 | |- |[[Moshupa-Manyana]] |[[Mokgweetsi Masisi]] |BDP |dikete di le thataro, makgolo a robabobedi, masome a mararo le motso |53.3 | |- |[[Jwaneng-Mabutsane]] |[[Shawn Ntlhaile]] |UDC |dikete di le thataro,makgolo a marataro lesome le boraro |49.4 | |- |[[Kgalagadi Borwa (Kgaolo ya Botlhophi)]] |[[Frans Van Der Westhuizen]] |BDP |dikete di le thataro, makgolo a robabobedi masome a mabedi le bone |49.9 | |- |[[Kgalagadi bokone]] |[[Itumeleng Moipis]]<nowiki/>i |BDP |dikete di le nne, makgolo a marataro masome a mane le borobabobedi |54.3 | |- |[[Ghanzi(Kgaolo ya Botlhophi)]] |[[Noah Salakae]] |UDC |dikete di le tharo, makgolo a robabongwe ,masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe |51.5 | |- |[[Ghanzi]]-borwa |[[Christian de Graaff]] |BDP |dikete di le nne, makgolo a robabobedi lesome le bobedi |52.3 | |- |o o itlhophetsweng |[[Kenneth Matambo]] |UDC | - | | |- |o o itlhophetsweng |[[Unity Dow]] |UDC | - | | |- |o o itlhophetsweng |[[Eric Molale]] |UDC | - | | |- |o o itlhophetsweng |[[Kitso Mokaila]] |UDC | - | | |- |tautona |[[Ian Khama Seretse Khama]] |UDC | - | | |- |Moatlhodimogolo |[[Athaliah Molokomme]] | - | - | | |} == Ba ba tlhophilweng ka mo go faphegileng ka 2016 == Ka Phalane a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa dikeet pedi lesome le borataro, palamente e ne ya tlhopha mapalamente a mabedi a tlaleleletso, ba sala morago paakanyo ya masome a matlhano le borobabobedi ya molaomotheo, e e okeditseng palo ya maloko a a tlhophiwang mo go faphegileng go tswa mo go bone go nna borataro.<ref>[https://www.botswanayouth.com/youngest-member-of-parliament-bogolo-kenewendo-sworn-in-today/ "Youngest Member Of Parliament Bogolo Kenewendo Sworn In Today"]. ''Botswana Youth''. 27 October 2016. Retrieved 28 July 2026</ref> {| class="wikitable" |+ !Kgaolo ya botlhophi !Leina !Phathi !Diatalama !% ya ditalama tsotlhe |- |mo go faphegileng |[[Bogolo Kenewendo]] | | - | |- |mo go faphegileng |[[Mephato Reatile]] |BDP | - | |} == Metswedi == 286pjekft49r06hwio508zd3thghoel 0 14739 53557 53473 2026-07-29T12:29:31Z JudithShe 9421 Ke okeditse thanolo ya tsebe e #Wikipedia25BW 53557 wikitext text/x-wiki Lefatshe la [[Botswana]] le itemogetse tshimologo ya [[Segajaja sa Covid-19 mo Botswana|segajaja sa COVID-19]] ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi. Dikiletso mesepele di ne tsa diriwa gareng ga Mopitlo le Motsheganong, dikiletso tsa tswelela mo ngwageng. Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga o o fetileng di ne tsa ganediwa ke ba diphathi tsa kganetso, ditsheko di le mmalwa tsa tsisiwa fa pele ga kgotlatshekelo go fetoal maduo. Dikgotlhang di ne tsa ya magoletsa le [[Aforika Borwa]] ka nwgaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi ka Botswana a ne a batla go atlhola [[Bridgette Radebe]]. Matshwenyego mabapi le go somarela diphologolo tsa naga a ne a ya magoletsa ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi fa ditlou di simolola go swa ka bonsti, ga mmogo le matshwenyego a manong. Dikgotlhang tsa ditlhobolo mabapi le batsomi ba diphologolo di ne tsa twelela mo ngwageng, di akaretsa go bolawa ga baana ba le bane ka Ngwanatsele mo go neng ga baka megwanto kwa [[Namibia]]. == Babusi ba nako eo == * Tautona: [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]] * Mothusa tautona: [[Slumber Tsogwane]] * [[Motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente ya Botswana]]: [[Phandu Skelemani]] * Moatlhodimogolo wa Botswana: [[Terence Rannowane]] == Tse di tsweletseng == * tlhaselo ya tsie ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabongwe go tsena ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bobedi * Maiteko a go fetola maduo a [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2019 (Botswana)|ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2019]] * [[Segajaja sa Covid-19 mo Botswana|Segajaja sa COVID-19 mo Botswana]] * [[Go jesiwa botlhole ga Manong a mokwatla mosweu]] == Ditiragalo == === Firikgong === * Firikgong - Botswana o amogela madi a kadimiso a bilone e le nngwe go tswa kwa bankeng ya World go tokafatsa phatlalatso metsi.<ref>Leepile, Naomi (2020-01-26). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202001270174.html "Botswana: World Bank Loan to Help Address Water Challenges".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 28 July 2026</ref> * Firikgong a robabobedi - kgotlatshekelo ya boikuelo e atlhola gore go fetola ditlhopho tsa 2019 tsa kakaretso go tlaa reediwa.<ref>[https://www.france24.com/en/20200108-botswana-opposition-wins-right-to-challenge-election-result "Botswana opposition wins right to challenge election result".] ''France 24''. 2020-01-08. Retrieved 28 july 2026</ref> * Firikgong a le lesome le bobedi go tsena masome a mabedi le bone - go reediwa tsheko ya go sekaseka go tswa mo seporong ga terena ya [[Botswana Railways]] kgwedi e e fa morago.<ref>[https://allafrica.com/stories/202001130441.html "Botswana: Public Hearings On Derailment of Train Starts".] ''Botswana Daily News''. 2020-01-12. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Firikgong a le lesome le botlhano - kompone ya Louis Vuitton e reka teemane ya [[Sewelo]]<ref>Yeung, Jessie (2020-01-17). [https://edition.cnn.com/style/article/louis-vuitton-sewelo-diamond-intl-hnk-scli/index.html "Louis Vuitton just bought the world's second-biggest diamond"]. ''CNN''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Firikgong a le masome mabedi le motso - tautona Masisi o buisa phuthego kwa Davos ka nako ya bokopano jwa itsholelo ya mafatshefatshe<ref>[https://africatimes.com/2020/01/22/botswanas-masisi-talks-african-economy-at-davos/ "Botswana's Masisi talks African economy at Davos". ''A'']''frica Times''. 2020-01-22. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Firikgong a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe - kgotlatshekelo ya boikuelo e phatlalatsa tsheko ya go fetola maduo a ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabongwe.<ref>[https://www.namibian.com.na/197477/archive-read/Botswana-opposition-loses-bid-to-nullify-election-results "Botswana opposition loses bid to nullify election results".] ''The Namibian''. 2020-01-31. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> === Tlhakole === * Tlhakole - ** Lefatshe la Botswana le gana kopo ya batshabi ba Zimbabwe ya go nna mo lefatsheng leo morago ga tshwetso ya komiti e kgolo ya batshabi ya gore lefatshe la Zimbabwe le babalesegile go ka boela kwa go lone<ref>[https://www.voanews.com/a/africa_zimbabwe-refugees-lose-fight-remain-botswana/6183821.html "Zimbabwe Refugees Lose Fight to Remain in Botswana".] ''VOA''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> ** Kompone ya Finestar Diamonds e bula madirelo kwa Gaborone<ref>[https://www.diamondworld.net/contentview.aspx?item=24782 "Finestar Diamonds opens manufacturing factory".] ''DiamondWorld.net''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> ** Mothusa tautona Tsogwane o bua le batho kwa pulong gape ya Phakalane Convention Centre morago ga go baakangwa.<ref>Mosinyi, Thato (2020-02-16). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202002170118.html "Botswana: Centre to Boost Tourism".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Tlhakole a le malatsi a supa - Lefatshe la Botswana le rekisa diteseletso tsa go tsoma ditlou di le masome a marataro ka palobalo<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-botswana-elephants-idUSKBN20118U/ "Botswana auctions permits to hunt elephants to ease human-wildlife conflict".] ''Reuters''. 2020-02-07. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Tlhakole a le lesome le bobedi - Kgotlatshekelo kgolo ya Botswana e phatlalatsa go nna kgatlhanong le maduo a ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabongwe ga ga Mogalakwe Mogalakwe.<ref>Galeragwe, Moshe (2020-02-13). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202002140527.html "Botswana: Court Dismisses Mogalakwe Case With Costs".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Tlhakole a le lesome le borataro - Miguel da Costa o kubiwa mo go nneng mokatisi wa setlhopha sa [[Setlhopha sa kgwele ya dinao sa Jwaneng Galaxy F.C.|Jwaneng Galaxy F.C]]<ref>Sennamose, Olekantse (2020-02-17). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202002180906.html "Botswana: Jwaneng Galaxy Part Ways With Coach"]. ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 jULY 2026</ref> * Tlhakole a le lesome le borobabobedi -Kgotlatshekelo kgolo ya Botswana e phatlhalatsa go ema kgatlhanong le maduo a ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabongwe ga ga Entebetse Boitshwarelo.<ref>Galeragwe, Moshe (2020-02-19). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202002200306.html "Botswana: Boitshwarelo Loses Election Petition Case".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> === Mopitlo === * Mopitlo a le lesome le borataro - [[Botswana Football Association]] e emisa metshameko ka nakwana e le go tsibogela [[Segajaja sa Covid-19 mo Botswana|segajaja sa COVID-19.]]<ref>Koka, Mpho (2020-03-16). [https://www.timeslive.co.za/sport/soccer/2020-03-16-botswana-football-association-suspends-their-league/ "Botswana Football Association suspends their league".] ''TimesLIVE''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Mopitlo a le masome mabedi - Dikolo tsotlhe di a tswalwa ka ntlha ya matshwenyego a go anama ga segajaja sa [[COVID-19|COVID-19.]]<ref name=":0">[https://www.voanews.com/a/covid-19-pandemic_botswana-schools-reopen-amid-concerns-over-preparedness/6190578.html "Botswana Schools Reopen Amid Concerns Over Preparedness".] ''Voice of America''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le boraro - Lefatshe la Botswana le tswala melelwane morago ga loso lwa ntlha lwa segajaja sa COVID-19 mo lefatsheng le le mabapi la [[Zimbabwe]].<ref>Dube, Mqondisi (2020-03-24). [https://www.voanews.com/a/science-health_coronavirus-outbreak_botswana-no-covid-19-cases-closes-borders-after-death-zimbabwe/6186332.html "Botswana, with No COVID-19 Cases, Closes Borders After Death in Zimbabwe".] ''VOA''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le botlhano - mme wa dingwaga di le masome a supa le borobabobedi o a neng a belaelwa a na le bowetse jwa COVID-19 o a tlhokafala kwa Ramotswa. Malatsinyana fela morago ga loso lwa gagwe, maduo a gagwe a boa a supa fa a ne a na le COVID-19, se nna loso lwa ntlha le motho wa bone go tlhomamisiwa a na le COVID-19 mo lefatsheng le o.<ref>[https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/55551 "Botswana registers 7 more COVID-19 cases".] Archived from the original on 2020-10-01.</ref> * Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borataro - [[puso ya Botswana]] e tlhama letlole la go inamola mo segajajeng sa COVID-19.<ref>Galeragwe, Moshe (2020-03-26). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202003270321.html "Morwaeng Launches COVID-19 Relief Fund".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Mopitlo a le masome a mararo - ** Batho ba ntlha ba bararo ba ba neng ba na le COVID-19 mo lefatsheng ba a tlhomamisiwa. Tona wa botsogo [[Lemogang Kwape]] o supa fa balwetsi ba babraro ba le mo serubing ba ne ba tsere loeto go ya Britain le [[Thailand]] mo nakong e e sa tswang go feta.<ref>Mosinyi, Thato (2020-03-31). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202004010088.html "Essential Services Providers to Use Permits".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> ** Tautona Masisi o tlhomamisa nako ya seemo sa tshoganyetso a tsibogela segajaja sa COVID-19.<ref>Mosinyi, Thato (2020-03-31). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202004010088.html "Essential Services Providers to Use Permits"]. ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> === Moranang === * Moranang - Lefatshe la Botswana le tshabisa ditshukudu tsa lone kwa makgobokgobong a Okavango ka nako ya go tsoma ditshukudu go neng go ile magoletsa le ka ntlha ya merwalela.<ref>Maron, Dina Fine (2020-05-01). [https://web.archive.org/web/20210219192014/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/botswana-evacuates-black-rhinos-amid-poaching-and-coronavirus "Botswana is quietly evacuating black rhinos amid poaching threat".] ''National Geographic''. Archived from the original on February 19, 2021. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Moranang a rogwa - [[Botswana Power Corporation|Koporase ya motlakase ya Botswana]] e oketsa madi a theko ya motlakase ka masome a mabedi le bobedi mo lekgolong.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/botswana-power-idUSL8N2BI5Z9/ "Botswana hikes power tariffs by 22% to help loss-making utility".] ''Reuters''. 2020-03-25. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Moranang a robabongwe - tautona Masisi le palamente yotlhe ya Botswana ba tsena mo serubing morago ga gore mooki o a neng a ba tlhatlhobela COVID-19 a tlhomamisiwe fa a na le COVID-19.<ref>Isilow, Hassan (2020-04-09). [https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/covid-19-botswana-places-mps-president-in-quarantine/1799209 "COVID-19: Botswana places MPs, president in quarantine"]. ''Anadolu Agency''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Moranang a le lesome le borataro - tautona Masisi o itshwarela magolegwa a le lekgolo masome a mane le borobabongwe go itsa go tlala phetelela ga dikgolegelo ka nako ya segajaja sa COVID-19.<ref>Ngatane, Nthakoana (2020-04-17). [https://www.ewn.co.za/2020/04/17/covid-19-botswana-to-pardoned-and-release-149-prisoners "COVID-19: Botswana pardons & releases 149 prisoners".] ''Eyewitness News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Moranang a le masome mabedi le bosupa -tautona Masisi o oketsa malatsi a seemo sa kiletso mesepele go tswa ka Motsheganong a rogwa go tsena Motsheganong a le malatsi a supa.<ref>Motsamai, Mmoniemang (2020-04-28). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202004281035.html "Masisi Extends National Lockdown".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Moranang a le masome mararo - [[Polokelo ya madi ya Botswana|Banka ya Botswana]] e fokotsa dielo tsa koketsego ya madi e tsibogela segajaja sa COVID-19.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/botswana-economy-lending-idUSL8N2CI8W7/ "UPDATE 1-Botswana cuts rates, banks' capital ratios in coronavirus response".] ''Reuters''. 2020-04-30. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> === Motsheganong === * Motsheganong a le lesome le botlhano - Lekgotla la kgwele ya dinao la Aforika le supa fa go retelelwa ke go tsenelela motshameko wa dikgaisano tsa sejana sa bomme ba ba dingwaga di kwa tlase ga lesome le bosupa sa mafatshefatshe kwa Morocco ka ntlha ya segajaja sa COVID-19 go dumelelwa.<ref>Ahmadu, Samuel (2020-05-15). [https://www.goal.com/en/news/caf-rules-in-botswana-favour-after-boycotting-u17-womens-world-cup-clash-with-morocco/1o8i328qfpirb155i43gz2nvu0 "Caf rules in Botswana's favour after boycotting U17 Women's World Cup clash with Morocco".] ''Goal''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Motsheganong a le masome mabedi - kiletso mesepele ya COVID-19 kwa Botswana e a fela.<ref>[https://www.voanews.com/a/covid-19-pandemic_botswana-ends-7-week-lockdown/6189665.html "Botswana Ends 7-Week Lockdown".] ''VOA''. 2020-05-21. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> === Seetebosigo === * Seetebosigo - ** Tlhaelo ya lookwane e e bakilweng ke tiego ya go reka le go reka ka bontsi ka ntlha ya letshogo ga Batswana go dira gore lefatshe la Botswana le dirise lookwane lo lo beilweng.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/botswana-fuel-idUSL8N2E72PK/ "Botswana taps into strategic fuel reserves to ease shortages".] ''Reuters''. 2020-06-30. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> ** Lefatshe la Botswana le neela badiri ba motlakase ba ba ikemetseng diteseletso tsa lone go ba fa tetla ya go aga mafelo a go fetlhiwang motlakase kwa go one.<ref>Bungane, Babalwa (2020-06-22). [https://www.esi-africa.com/industry-sectors/generation/botswana-grants-first-ever-generation-licenses-to-ipps/ "Botswana grants first ever generation licenses to IPPs"]. ''ESI-Africa.com''. Retrieved 29 July 2026.</ref> ** Lefatshe la Botswana le simolola go ntsha ditshukudu tsa lone dinaka go kgoba batsomi marapo.<ref>Dube, Mqondisi (2020-06-18). [https://www.voanews.com/a/africa_poaching-forces-botswana-dehorn-translocate-rhinos/6191347.html "Poaching Forces Botswana to Dehorn, Translocate Rhinos"]. ''VOA''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> ** Puso ya Botswana e thapa AfriForum go atlhola [[Bridgette Radebe]] go bo a dirile dikgwebo tsa bokukuntshwane. O lebisa lefatshe monwana go tsibogela magatwe a a senang boammaruri.<ref>Ngatane, Nthakoana (2020-06-25). [https://www.ewn.co.za/2020/06/25/bridgette-motsepe-radebe-to-sue-over-botswana-money-laundering-claims "Bridgette Motsepe-Radebe to sue over Botswana money laundering claims".] ''ewn.co.za''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Seetebosigo a le malatsi a mabedi - dikolo di bulwa gape morago ga go tswalwa malatsi a le masome a supa le bone go itsa go anama ga segajaja sa COVID-19.<ref name=":0" /> * Seetebosigo a le malatsi a mane - Moruti Frank Nubuasah o kwalela George Floyd matshediso, o aneng e le tsala ya gagwe ka dingwaga tsa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe.<ref>Samasumo, Paul (2020-06-09). [https://www.vaticannews.va/en/africa/news/2020-06/botswana-s-bishop-nubuasah-mourns-george-floyd-a-friend.html "Botswana's Bishop Nubuasah mourns George Floyd, a friend. - Vatican News".] ''Vatican News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Seetebosigo a le lesome le boraro - Toropokgolo Gaborone e boela mo kiletsong mesepele morago ga dipego tsa batho ba banang le mogare wa COVID-19.<ref name=":1">[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-botswana-idUSKBN23M2VM/ "Botswana lifts coronavirus lockdown in capital city".] ''Reuters''. 2020-06-15. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Seetebosigo a le lesome le botlhano - kiletso mesepele ya Gaborone morago ga go belaelwa batho ba na le COVID-19 go tlhomamisiwa fa ba sena yone.<ref name=":1" /> == Metswedi == ss1ociq739plewullm915521kcqgmqn 53561 53557 2026-07-29T13:37:41Z JudithShe 9421 Ke okeditse thanolo ya tsebe e #Wikipedia25BW 53561 wikitext text/x-wiki Lefatshe la [[Botswana]] le itemogetse tshimologo ya [[Segajaja sa Covid-19 mo Botswana|segajaja sa COVID-19]] ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi. Dikiletso mesepele di ne tsa diriwa gareng ga Mopitlo le Motsheganong, dikiletso tsa tswelela mo ngwageng. Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga o o fetileng di ne tsa ganediwa ke ba diphathi tsa kganetso, ditsheko di le mmalwa tsa tsisiwa fa pele ga kgotlatshekelo go fetoal maduo. Dikgotlhang di ne tsa ya magoletsa le [[Aforika Borwa]] ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi ka Botswana a ne a batla go atlhola [[Bridgette Radebe]]. Matshwenyego mabapi le go somarela diphologolo tsa naga a ne a ya magoletsa ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi fa ditlou di simolola go swa ka bonsti, ga mmogo le matshwenyego a manong. Dikgotlhang tsa ditlhobolo mabapi le batsomi ba diphologolo di ne tsa twelela mo ngwageng, di akaretsa go bolawa ga baana ba le bane ka Ngwanatsele mo go neng ga baka megwanto kwa [[Namibia]]. == Babusi ba nako eo == * Tautona: [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]] * Mothusa tautona: [[Slumber Tsogwane]] * [[Motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente ya Botswana]]: [[Phandu Skelemani]] * Moatlhodimogolo wa Botswana: [[Terence Rannowane]] == Tse di tsweletseng == * tlhaselo ya tsie ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabongwe go tsena ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bobedi * Maiteko a go fetola maduo a [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2019 (Botswana)|ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2019]] * [[Segajaja sa Covid-19 mo Botswana|Segajaja sa COVID-19 mo Botswana]] * [[Go jesiwa botlhole ga Manong a mokwatla mosweu]] == Ditiragalo == === Firikgong === * Firikgong - Botswana o amogela madi a kadimiso a bilone e le nngwe go tswa kwa bankeng ya World go tokafatsa phatlalatso metsi.<ref>Leepile, Naomi (2020-01-26). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202001270174.html "Botswana: World Bank Loan to Help Address Water Challenges".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 28 July 2026</ref> * Firikgong a robabobedi - kgotlatshekelo ya boikuelo e atlhola gore go fetola ditlhopho tsa 2019 tsa kakaretso go tlaa reediwa.<ref>[https://www.france24.com/en/20200108-botswana-opposition-wins-right-to-challenge-election-result "Botswana opposition wins right to challenge election result".] ''France 24''. 2020-01-08. Retrieved 28 july 2026</ref> * Firikgong a le lesome le bobedi go tsena masome a mabedi le bone - go reediwa tsheko ya go sekaseka go tswa mo seporong ga terena ya [[Botswana Railways]] kgwedi e e fa morago.<ref>[https://allafrica.com/stories/202001130441.html "Botswana: Public Hearings On Derailment of Train Starts".] ''Botswana Daily News''. 2020-01-12. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Firikgong a le lesome le botlhano - kompone ya Louis Vuitton e reka teemane ya [[Sewelo]]<ref>Yeung, Jessie (2020-01-17). [https://edition.cnn.com/style/article/louis-vuitton-sewelo-diamond-intl-hnk-scli/index.html "Louis Vuitton just bought the world's second-biggest diamond"]. ''CNN''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Firikgong a le masome mabedi le motso - tautona Masisi o buisa phuthego kwa Davos ka nako ya bokopano jwa itsholelo ya mafatshefatshe<ref>[https://africatimes.com/2020/01/22/botswanas-masisi-talks-african-economy-at-davos/ "Botswana's Masisi talks African economy at Davos". ''A'']''frica Times''. 2020-01-22. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Firikgong a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe - kgotlatshekelo ya boikuelo e phatlalatsa tsheko ya go fetola maduo a ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabongwe.<ref>[https://www.namibian.com.na/197477/archive-read/Botswana-opposition-loses-bid-to-nullify-election-results "Botswana opposition loses bid to nullify election results".] ''The Namibian''. 2020-01-31. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> === Tlhakole === * Tlhakole - ** Lefatshe la Botswana le gana kopo ya batshabi ba Zimbabwe ya go nna mo lefatsheng leo morago ga tshwetso ya komiti e kgolo ya batshabi ya gore lefatshe la Zimbabwe le babalesegile go ka boela kwa go lone<ref>[https://www.voanews.com/a/africa_zimbabwe-refugees-lose-fight-remain-botswana/6183821.html "Zimbabwe Refugees Lose Fight to Remain in Botswana".] ''VOA''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> ** Kompone ya Finestar Diamonds e bula madirelo kwa Gaborone<ref>[https://www.diamondworld.net/contentview.aspx?item=24782 "Finestar Diamonds opens manufacturing factory".] ''DiamondWorld.net''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> ** Mothusa tautona Tsogwane o bua le batho kwa pulong gape ya Phakalane Convention Centre morago ga go baakangwa.<ref>Mosinyi, Thato (2020-02-16). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202002170118.html "Botswana: Centre to Boost Tourism".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Tlhakole a le malatsi a supa - Lefatshe la Botswana le rekisa diteseletso tsa go tsoma ditlou di le masome a marataro ka palobalo<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-botswana-elephants-idUSKBN20118U/ "Botswana auctions permits to hunt elephants to ease human-wildlife conflict".] ''Reuters''. 2020-02-07. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Tlhakole a le lesome le bobedi - Kgotlatshekelo kgolo ya Botswana e phatlalatsa go nna kgatlhanong le maduo a ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabongwe ga ga [[Mogalakwe Mogalakwe]].<ref>Galeragwe, Moshe (2020-02-13). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202002140527.html "Botswana: Court Dismisses Mogalakwe Case With Costs".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Tlhakole a le lesome le borataro - Miguel da Costa o kubiwa mo go nneng mokatisi wa setlhopha sa [[Setlhopha sa kgwele ya dinao sa Jwaneng Galaxy F.C.|Jwaneng Galaxy F.C]]<ref>Sennamose, Olekantse (2020-02-17). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202002180906.html "Botswana: Jwaneng Galaxy Part Ways With Coach"]. ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 jULY 2026</ref> * Tlhakole a le lesome le borobabobedi -Kgotlatshekelo kgolo ya Botswana e phatlhalatsa go ema kgatlhanong le maduo a ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabongwe ga ga [[Entebetse Boitshwarelo]].<ref>Galeragwe, Moshe (2020-02-19). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202002200306.html "Botswana: Boitshwarelo Loses Election Petition Case".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> === Mopitlo === * Mopitlo a le lesome le borataro - [[Botswana Football Association]] e emisa metshameko ka nakwana e le go tsibogela [[Segajaja sa Covid-19 mo Botswana|segajaja sa COVID-19.]]<ref>Koka, Mpho (2020-03-16). [https://www.timeslive.co.za/sport/soccer/2020-03-16-botswana-football-association-suspends-their-league/ "Botswana Football Association suspends their league".] ''TimesLIVE''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Mopitlo a le masome mabedi - Dikolo tsotlhe di a tswalwa ka ntlha ya matshwenyego a go anama ga segajaja sa [[COVID-19|COVID-19.]]<ref name=":0">[https://www.voanews.com/a/covid-19-pandemic_botswana-schools-reopen-amid-concerns-over-preparedness/6190578.html "Botswana Schools Reopen Amid Concerns Over Preparedness".] ''Voice of America''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le boraro - Lefatshe la Botswana le tswala melelwane morago ga loso lwa ntlha lwa segajaja sa COVID-19 mo lefatsheng le le mabapi la [[Zimbabwe]].<ref>Dube, Mqondisi (2020-03-24). [https://www.voanews.com/a/science-health_coronavirus-outbreak_botswana-no-covid-19-cases-closes-borders-after-death-zimbabwe/6186332.html "Botswana, with No COVID-19 Cases, Closes Borders After Death in Zimbabwe".] ''VOA''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le botlhano - mme wa dingwaga di le masome a supa le borobabobedi o a neng a belaelwa a na le bowetse jwa COVID-19 o a tlhokafala kwa Ramotswa. Malatsinyana fela morago ga loso lwa gagwe, maduo a gagwe a boa a supa fa a ne a na le COVID-19, se nna loso lwa ntlha le motho wa bone go tlhomamisiwa a na le COVID-19 mo lefatsheng le o.<ref>[https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/55551 "Botswana registers 7 more COVID-19 cases".] Archived from the original on 2020-10-01.</ref> * Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borataro - [[puso ya Botswana]] e tlhama letlole la go inamola mo segajajeng sa COVID-19.<ref>Galeragwe, Moshe (2020-03-26). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202003270321.html "Morwaeng Launches COVID-19 Relief Fund".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Mopitlo a le masome a mararo - ** Batho ba ntlha ba bararo ba ba neng ba na le COVID-19 mo lefatsheng ba a tlhomamisiwa. Tona wa botsogo [[Lemogang Kwape]] o supa fa balwetsi ba babraro ba le mo serubing ba ne ba tsere loeto go ya Britain le [[Thailand]] mo nakong e e sa tswang go feta.<ref>Mosinyi, Thato (2020-03-31). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202004010088.html "Essential Services Providers to Use Permits".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> ** Tautona Masisi o tlhomamisa nako ya seemo sa tshoganyetso a tsibogela segajaja sa COVID-19.<ref>Mosinyi, Thato (2020-03-31). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202004010088.html "Essential Services Providers to Use Permits"]. ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> === Moranang === * Moranang - Lefatshe la Botswana le tshabisa ditshukudu tsa lone kwa makgobokgobong a Okavango ka nako ya go tsoma ditshukudu go neng go ile magoletsa le ka ntlha ya merwalela.<ref>Maron, Dina Fine (2020-05-01). [https://web.archive.org/web/20210219192014/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/botswana-evacuates-black-rhinos-amid-poaching-and-coronavirus "Botswana is quietly evacuating black rhinos amid poaching threat".] ''National Geographic''. Archived from the original on February 19, 2021. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Moranang a rogwa - [[Botswana Power Corporation|Koporase ya motlakase ya Botswana]] e oketsa madi a theko ya motlakase ka masome a mabedi le bobedi mo lekgolong.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/botswana-power-idUSL8N2BI5Z9/ "Botswana hikes power tariffs by 22% to help loss-making utility".] ''Reuters''. 2020-03-25. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Moranang a robabongwe - tautona Masisi le palamente yotlhe ya Botswana ba tsena mo serubing morago ga gore mooki o a neng a ba tlhatlhobela COVID-19 a tlhomamisiwe fa a na le COVID-19.<ref>Isilow, Hassan (2020-04-09). [https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/covid-19-botswana-places-mps-president-in-quarantine/1799209 "COVID-19: Botswana places MPs, president in quarantine"]. ''Anadolu Agency''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Moranang a le lesome le borataro - tautona Masisi o itshwarela magolegwa a le lekgolo masome a mane le borobabongwe go itsa go tlala phetelela ga dikgolegelo ka nako ya segajaja sa COVID-19.<ref>Ngatane, Nthakoana (2020-04-17). [https://www.ewn.co.za/2020/04/17/covid-19-botswana-to-pardoned-and-release-149-prisoners "COVID-19: Botswana pardons & releases 149 prisoners".] ''Eyewitness News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Moranang a le masome mabedi le bosupa -tautona Masisi o oketsa malatsi a seemo sa kiletso mesepele go tswa ka Motsheganong a rogwa go tsena Motsheganong a le malatsi a supa.<ref>Motsamai, Mmoniemang (2020-04-28). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202004281035.html "Masisi Extends National Lockdown".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Moranang a le masome mararo - [[Polokelo ya madi ya Botswana|Banka ya Botswana]] e fokotsa dielo tsa koketsego ya madi e tsibogela segajaja sa COVID-19.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/botswana-economy-lending-idUSL8N2CI8W7/ "UPDATE 1-Botswana cuts rates, banks' capital ratios in coronavirus response".] ''Reuters''. 2020-04-30. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> === Motsheganong === * Motsheganong a le lesome le botlhano - Lekgotla la kgwele ya dinao la Aforika le supa fa go retelelwa ke go tsenelela motshameko wa dikgaisano tsa sejana sa bomme ba ba dingwaga di kwa tlase ga lesome le bosupa sa mafatshefatshe kwa Morocco ka ntlha ya segajaja sa COVID-19 go dumelelwa.<ref>Ahmadu, Samuel (2020-05-15). [https://www.goal.com/en/news/caf-rules-in-botswana-favour-after-boycotting-u17-womens-world-cup-clash-with-morocco/1o8i328qfpirb155i43gz2nvu0 "Caf rules in Botswana's favour after boycotting U17 Women's World Cup clash with Morocco".] ''Goal''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Motsheganong a le masome mabedi - kiletso mesepele ya COVID-19 kwa Botswana e a fela.<ref>[https://www.voanews.com/a/covid-19-pandemic_botswana-ends-7-week-lockdown/6189665.html "Botswana Ends 7-Week Lockdown".] ''VOA''. 2020-05-21. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> === Seetebosigo === * Seetebosigo - ** Tlhaelo ya lookwane e e bakilweng ke tiego ya go reka le go reka ka bontsi ka ntlha ya letshogo ga Batswana go dira gore lefatshe la Botswana le dirise lookwane lo lo beilweng.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/botswana-fuel-idUSL8N2E72PK/ "Botswana taps into strategic fuel reserves to ease shortages".] ''Reuters''. 2020-06-30. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> ** Lefatshe la Botswana le neela badiri ba motlakase ba ba ikemetseng diteseletso tsa lone go ba fa tetla ya go aga mafelo a go fetlhiwang motlakase kwa go one.<ref>Bungane, Babalwa (2020-06-22). [https://www.esi-africa.com/industry-sectors/generation/botswana-grants-first-ever-generation-licenses-to-ipps/ "Botswana grants first ever generation licenses to IPPs"]. ''ESI-Africa.com''. Retrieved 29 July 2026.</ref> ** Lefatshe la Botswana le simolola go ntsha ditshukudu tsa lone dinaka go kgoba batsomi marapo.<ref>Dube, Mqondisi (2020-06-18). [https://www.voanews.com/a/africa_poaching-forces-botswana-dehorn-translocate-rhinos/6191347.html "Poaching Forces Botswana to Dehorn, Translocate Rhinos"]. ''VOA''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> ** Puso ya Botswana e thapa AfriForum go atlhola [[Bridgette Radebe]] go bo a dirile dikgwebo tsa bokukuntshwane. O lebisa lefatshe monwana go tsibogela magatwe a a senang boammaruri.<ref>Ngatane, Nthakoana (2020-06-25). [https://www.ewn.co.za/2020/06/25/bridgette-motsepe-radebe-to-sue-over-botswana-money-laundering-claims "Bridgette Motsepe-Radebe to sue over Botswana money laundering claims".] ''ewn.co.za''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Seetebosigo a le malatsi a mabedi - dikolo di bulwa gape morago ga go tswalwa malatsi a le masome a supa le bone go itsa go anama ga segajaja sa COVID-19.<ref name=":0" /> * Seetebosigo a le malatsi a mane - Moruti Frank Nubuasah o kwalela George Floyd matshediso, o aneng e le tsala ya gagwe ka dingwaga tsa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe.<ref>Samasumo, Paul (2020-06-09). [https://www.vaticannews.va/en/africa/news/2020-06/botswana-s-bishop-nubuasah-mourns-george-floyd-a-friend.html "Botswana's Bishop Nubuasah mourns George Floyd, a friend. - Vatican News".] ''Vatican News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Seetebosigo a le lesome le boraro - Toropokgolo Gaborone e boela mo kiletsong mesepele morago ga dipego tsa batho ba banang le mogare wa COVID-19.<ref name=":1">[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-botswana-idUSKBN23M2VM/ "Botswana lifts coronavirus lockdown in capital city".] ''Reuters''. 2020-06-15. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Seetebosigo a le lesome le botlhano - kiletso mesepele ya Gaborone morago ga go belaelwa batho ba na le COVID-19 go tlhomamisiwa fa ba sena yone.<ref name=":1" /> === Phukwi === * Phukwi - ** Lefatshe la Botswana le itemogela tlhaelo ya lokwane ka ntlha ya segajaja sa COVID-19<ref>Motsaathebe, Manowe (2020-07-09). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202007100367.html "Fuel Shortage Requires Discipline".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> ** Lefatshe la Botswana le tshwara tshekatsheko le Harvard IDS Initiative go tlhatlhoba mekento e e thibelang HIV/AIDS.<ref>Ntesang, Collin (2020-07-06). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202007070469.html "HIV Study Compares Pill With Injection".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> ** Lekgotla la metshameko ya chess mo Aforika le thapa Mothokomedi Thabano, tautona wa lekgotla la chess mo Botswana go nna modulasetilo wa lekgotla la thuto ya chess mo Aforika.<ref>Kolantsho, Calistus (2020-07-06). [https://www.mmegi.bw/sport/botswana-chess-president-gets-continental-nod/news "Botswana Chess President Gets Continental Nod".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Phukwi a le masome mabedi le bone - Refilwe Mooki o simolola letsholo la "Say No to Rape" mo Botswana.<ref>Thobega, Keletso (2020-07-24). [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-botswana-women-rape-trfn-idUSKCN24P1S1/ "Botswana rape survivor fights sexual violence with awareness campaign".] ''Reuters''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Phukwi a le masome mabedi le botlhano - mookamedi wa National Development Bank Lorato Morapedi o itsise go fetoga ga banka go nna ya temothuo e e itebagantseng le go tlhabolola masimo.<ref>[https://allafrica.com/stories/202007270506.html "NDB to Reposition As an Agri-Bank"]. ''Botswana Daily News''. 2020-07-26. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Phukwi a le masome mabedi le bosupa - ** Palamente e simolola go gasa ditsamaiso tsa yone ka tlhamalalo<ref>[https://allafrica.com/stories/202007280233.html "Parliament Goes Live".] ''Botswana Daily News''. 2020-07-27. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> ** Lekgotla la bojanala la Botswana le simolola lenaneo la [[Rediscover Botswana]] go oketsa bojanala.<ref>Ntakhwana, Omphile (2020-07-28). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202007290594.html "Rediscover Botswana Campaign Kickoff".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026.</ref> === Phatwe === * Phatwe - Tymon Katlholo o thapiwa go etelela pele [[lephata la tshenyetso setshaba le melato ya itsholelo]] (DCEC)<ref>[https://www.africaintelligence.com/southern-africa-and-islands/2020/08/31/old-hand-returned-to-helm-of-anti-corruption-body-as-masisi-strives-to-gloss-over-problems,109602732-art "Old hand returned to helm of anti-corruption body as Masisi strives to gloss over problems"]. ''Africa Intelligence''. 2020-08-31. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Phatwe a le masome mabedi - Pego ka Omnia Strategy le Alaco e kgala [[puso ya Botswana]] ka melato e e e lebisitseng Bridgette Motsepe le [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]].<ref>du Plessis, Carien (2020-08-20). [https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2020-08-20-cherie-blairs-investigation-clears-ian-khama-and-bridgette-motsepe-of-wrongdoing-scolds-botswana-government/ "Cherie Blair's investigation clears Ian Khama and Bridgette Motsepe of wrongdoing, scolds Botswana government".] ''Daily Maverick''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Phatwe a le masome mabedi le borataro - tautona Masisi o dira diphetogo di le mmalwa mo khuduthamageng ya gagwe, di akaretsa go ntsha [[Unity Dow]] le [[Lemogang Kwape]].<ref>du Plessis, Carien (2020-08-27). [https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2020-08-27-botswana-president-reshuffles-cabinet-to-strengthen-his-hand/ "Botswana President Reshuffles Cabinet to Strengthen His Hand".] ''Daily Maverick''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Phatwe a le masome mararo - go simololwa legato la bopelotlhomogi la Trans-Okavango<ref>Mmolai, Esther (2020-08-25[https://allafrica.com/stories/202008260267.html ). "Safari Guides Cycle for Charity".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> === Lwetse === * Lwetse a le lesome le motso - palamente e gana tshutiso ya go neela babereki ba tsa bojanala ditlhobolo morago ga go oketsega ga go bolaya diphologolo tsa naga.<ref>Dube, Mqondisi (2020-09-12). [https://www.voanews.com/a/africa_botswana-parliament-rejects-call-arm-game-rangers/6195812.html "Botswana Parliament Rejects Call to Arm Game Rangers".] ''VOA''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Lwetse a le lesome le bosupa - Lefatshe la Botswana le letlelela basadi ba ba nyetsweng go nna le ditsha tsa bone ka fa molaong ba sa di tlhakanela le banna ba bone.<ref>Thobega, Keletso (2020-09-17). [https://www.reuters.com/world/botswana-opts-make-land-owners-wives-with-new-law--trfn-2020-09-17/ "Botswana opts to make land owners of wives with new law".] ''Reuters''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Lwetse a le lesome le borobabongwe - Lefatshe la Botswana le nna la bo lekgolo le boraro go amogela paakanyo ya Kigali go tsena mo molaong wa Montreal.<ref>Stausholm, Tine (2020-09-24). [https://naturalrefrigerants.com/ "Botswana Ratifies Kigali Amendment, Bringing Ratifications to 104".] ''accelerate24.news''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Lwetse a le masome mabedi le bobedi - tona wa thuto go tswa kwa moding [[Fidelis Molao]] o itsise ka lenaneo la go ruta teme ya Swahili kwa dikolong.<ref>[https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/news/africa/botswana-to-introduce-kiswahili-in-schools-2716730 "Botswana to introduce Kiswahili in schools".] ''The Citizen''. 2020-10-23. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> === Phalane === * Phalane - ** Lebentlele la Choppies le lebisa PricewaterhouseCoopers molato wa didikadike di le makgolo a marataro masome a matlhano le boraro go bo ba reteletswe ke go tswala matlole a kompone eo a ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabobedi.<ref>Prinsloo, Loni (2020-10-13). [https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-10-13/pwc-hit-by-40-million-lawsuit-from-botswana-supermarket-chain "PwC Hit by $40 Million Lawsuit From Botswana Supermarket Chain".] ''Bloomberg''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> ** Banka ya Botswana e isa dielo tsa koketsego ya madi kwa tlase ka ntlha ya go nna bonya ga itsholelo le theko e e kwa tlase.<ref>Ntshole, Tebagano (2020-10-11). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202010120634.html "Bank of Botswana Reduces Rate".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> ** Kago ya mabentlele a The Fields e a simologa.<ref>[https://cceonlinenews.com/news/largest-mall-in-botswana-begins-construction-2/ "Largest mall in Botswana begins construction".] ''Construction & Civil Engineering News''. 2020-10-09. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Phalane a robabobedi - Kago ya [[borogo jwa Kazungula]] e a fela<ref>Jung, Min-hee (2020-10-08). [https://www.businesskorea.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=52924 "Daewoo E&C Completes Construction of Kazungula Bridge in Botswana"]. ''Business Korea''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Phalane a le lesome le bone - [[Sepodise sa Botswana|Sepodisi sa Botswana]] se atolosa melao ya go tsibogela tirisodikgoka e e amang bong, e dira le mogala wa mahala o go ka begiwang mo go one ditiragalo tse di amang le tirisodikgoka ya bong.<ref>More, Ketshepile (2020-10-15). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202010160050.html "Bps Institutes Gender-Based Violence Fighting Measures".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Phalane a le lesome le botlhano - Mopolotiki wa kwa [[Uganda]] Kipoi Tonny Nsubuga o a tshwarwa le motswakwa o o senang dipampiri tsa teseletso mesepele mo Botswana.<ref>[https://www.independent.co.ug/kipoi-re-arrested-in-botswana/ "Former MP Kipoi re-arrested in Botswana".] ''The Independent Uganda''. 2020-10-26. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Phalane a le lesome le borobabongwe - Khansele ya babereki ba thuto e a tlhamiwa ke tona wa thuto go tswa kwa moding Fidelis Molao.<ref>Dube, Onalenna (2020-10-20). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202010210517.html "Molao Launches Teaching Council".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Phalane a le masome mabedi le bobedi - mookamedi wa pabalesego mo ditseleng le tsa mesepele Bokhutlo Modukanele o itsise tshimolo ya mafaratlhatlha a masha a go tlhatlhobelwa go kgweetsa a a botlhale.<ref>Thatayamodimo, Lesedi (2020-10-25). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202010260425.html "Department Introduces New Driver Testing System".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Phalane a le masome mabedi le borataro - [[Ntlo ya Dikgosi tsa Botswana|Ntlo ya Dikgosi]] e fetisa phetolo molaomotheo e e tlhokang gore mapalamente a ithole marapo fa ba fetola phathi e ba e setseng morago.<ref>Tebogo, Lephogole (2020-10-27)[https://allafrica.com/stories/202010280369.html . "Floor Crossing Bill Passes".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> === Ngwanatsele === * Ngwanatsele ** Lefatshe la Botswana le bulela mesepele ya go tswela kwa ntle ka bonya ka bonya<ref>[https://apanews.net/en/news/botswana-embarks-on-phased-reopening-of-borders "Botswana embarks on phased reopening of borders".] ''apanews.net''. 2020-11-09. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> ** Lefatshe la Botswana le baya monwana tumalano e e le letlang go rekela 20% ya batho ba lone melemo e e lekaneng ya COVID-19.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/botswana-signs-agreement-with-global-vaccine-scheme-20-population-2020-11-10/ "Botswana signs agreement with global vaccine scheme for 20% of population".] ''Reuters''. 2020-11-10. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> ** Teemane ya dikharete di le makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi, e le nngwe ya tse ditona mo lefatsheng ka bophara, e upololwa kwa [[Moepo wa diteemane wa Karowe|moepong wa diteemane wa Karowe]] ke Lucara Diamond.<ref>Biesheuvel, Thomas (2020-11-11). [https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-11-11/one-of-the-biggest-ever-diamonds-has-been-found-in-botswana?leadSource=uverify%20wall "One of the Biggest Ever Diamonds Has Been Found in Botswana".] ''Bloomberg''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> ** [[Mfolo Mfolo]] o seegelwa kwa thoko e le mookamedi wa Botswana Football Association morago ga gore setlhopha sa Botswana se ntshiwe mo dikgaisanong tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi tsa COSAFA tsa dingwaga tse di kwa tlase ga lesome le bosupa. Mogogi wa setlhopha Thabiso Kebotsamang o thapiwa go mo tshwarelela maemo.<ref>Sibanda, Anastacia (2020-11-24). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202011240700.html "Kebotsamang Acting CEO".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> ** Lefatshe la Botswana le tlhama dikgotlatshekelo di le masome mabedi le botlhano tsa kgokgontsho ya bong.<ref>Thobega, Keletso (2020-11-30). [https://www.reuters.com/world/botswana-sets-up-gender-violence-courts-tackle-pandemic-backlog--trfn-2020-11-30/ "Botswana sets up gender violence courts to tackle pandemic backlog".] ''Reuters''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Ngwanatsele a le malatsi a matlhano - Sesole sa Botswana se thuntsha banna ba [[Namibia]] ba le bararo le monna wa [[Zambia]] a le esi kwa [[Noka ya Chobe|nokeng ya Chobe]] ba belaelwa e le batsomi ba diphologolo tsa naga, mo go neng ga baka mekubukubu kwa Namibia.<ref>Tjitemisa, Kuzeeko (2020-11-19). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202011200556.html "Probe in Fishermen Killing Escalates".] ''New Era''. Retrieved 29 July 2029</ref> * Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe - Lefatshe la Botswana le tshwara bokopano jwa mafatshe a mararo jo bo faphegileng jwa lekgotla la [[Southern African Development Community|SADC]].<ref>[https://www.heraldonline.co.zw/just-in-president-leaves-for-botswana-2/ "President leaves for Botswana".] ''The Herald''. 2020-11-27. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Ngwanatsele a le masome mararo - Kompone ya Petra Diamonds e rekisa dithoto tsa yone tsa Botswana, Sekaka Diamonds Exploration, e rekisetsa Botswana Diamonds.<ref>Jamasmie, Cecilia (2020-11-30). [https://www.mining.com/botswana-diamonds-grabs-sekaka-from-embattled-petra/ "Botswana Diamonds acquires Sekaka from embattled Petra"]. ''Mining.com''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> === Morule === * Morule a le lesome le motso - Lefatshe la Botswana le simolodisa lenaneo la go lema ditlhare tsa maungo a losika loo namune.<ref>Botsang, Kgotsofalang (2020-12-13). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202012140182.html "Citrus Project On".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> == Dintsho == * Moranang a le masome mabedi le bone - [[Kebadire Kalake]], a le dingwaga di le masome a supa le bobedi, mopalamente.<ref>Monngakgotla, Topo (2020-04-26). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202004270271.html "Former MP Dies".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Motsheganong a le masome mabedi le bosupa - [[Thuso Letlhoma]], a le dingwaga di le masome mane le borobabobedi, mmereki wa seromamowa.<ref>Tlhankane, Mompati (2020-06-01). [https://www.mmegi.bw/lifestyle/an-entertainment-industry-tribute-to-thusoski/news "An Entertainment Industry Tribute To Thusoski".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Lwetse a le malatsi a mabedi - [[Serara Selelo-Mogwe]], a le dingwaga di le masome a robabongwe le boraro, moitsanape wa tsa thuto<ref>Mosinyi, Thato (2020-09-06). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202009070343.html "President Offers Solace".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Morule a le malatsi a robabobedi - [[Roseline Panzirah-Matshome]], a le dingwaga di le masome a mane le bone, lepolotiki.<ref>Motsamai, Mmoniemang (2020-12-10). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202012110085.html "Remembering Roseline Panzirah-Motshome"]. ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026.</ref> == Metswedi == 92rdic3ub1oizxxn3rcdzloasr91hke 53562 53561 2026-07-29T13:41:37Z JudithShe 9421 Ke golagantse tsebe le tse dingwe #Wikipedia25BW 53562 wikitext text/x-wiki Lefatshe la [[Botswana]] le itemogetse tshimologo ya [[Segajaja sa Covid-19 mo Botswana|segajaja sa COVID-19]] ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi. Dikiletso mesepele di ne tsa diriwa gareng ga Mopitlo le Motsheganong, dikiletso tsa tswelela mo ngwageng. Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga o o fetileng di ne tsa ganediwa ke ba diphathi tsa kganetso, ditsheko di le mmalwa tsa tsisiwa fa pele ga kgotlatshekelo go fetoal maduo. Dikgotlhang di ne tsa ya magoletsa le [[Aforika Borwa]] ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi ka Botswana a ne a batla go atlhola [[Bridgette Radebe]]. Matshwenyego mabapi le go somarela diphologolo tsa naga a ne a ya magoletsa ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi fa ditlou di simolola go swa ka bonsti, ga mmogo le matshwenyego a manong. Dikgotlhang tsa ditlhobolo mabapi le batsomi ba diphologolo di ne tsa twelela mo ngwageng, di akaretsa go bolawa ga baana ba le bane ka Ngwanatsele mo go neng ga baka megwanto kwa [[Namibia]]. == Babusi ba nako eo == * Tautona: [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]] * Mothusa tautona: [[Slumber Tsogwane]] * [[Motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente ya Botswana]]: [[Phandu Skelemani]] * Moatlhodimogolo wa Botswana: [[Terence Rannowane]] == Tse di tsweletseng == * tlhaselo ya tsie ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabongwe go tsena ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bobedi * Maiteko a go fetola maduo a [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2019 (Botswana)|ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2019]] * [[Segajaja sa Covid-19 mo Botswana|Segajaja sa COVID-19 mo Botswana]] * [[Go jesiwa botlhole ga Manong a mokwatla mosweu]] == Ditiragalo == === Firikgong === * Firikgong - Botswana o amogela madi a kadimiso a bilone e le nngwe go tswa kwa bankeng ya World go tokafatsa phatlalatso metsi.<ref>Leepile, Naomi (2020-01-26). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202001270174.html "Botswana: World Bank Loan to Help Address Water Challenges".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 28 July 2026</ref> * Firikgong a robabobedi - kgotlatshekelo ya boikuelo e atlhola gore go fetola ditlhopho tsa 2019 tsa kakaretso go tlaa reediwa.<ref>[https://www.france24.com/en/20200108-botswana-opposition-wins-right-to-challenge-election-result "Botswana opposition wins right to challenge election result".] ''France 24''. 2020-01-08. Retrieved 28 july 2026</ref> * Firikgong a le lesome le bobedi go tsena masome a mabedi le bone - go reediwa tsheko ya go sekaseka go tswa mo seporong ga terena ya [[Botswana Railways]] kgwedi e e fa morago.<ref>[https://allafrica.com/stories/202001130441.html "Botswana: Public Hearings On Derailment of Train Starts".] ''Botswana Daily News''. 2020-01-12. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Firikgong a le lesome le botlhano - kompone ya Louis Vuitton e reka teemane ya [[Sewelo]]<ref>Yeung, Jessie (2020-01-17). [https://edition.cnn.com/style/article/louis-vuitton-sewelo-diamond-intl-hnk-scli/index.html "Louis Vuitton just bought the world's second-biggest diamond"]. ''CNN''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Firikgong a le masome mabedi le motso - tautona Masisi o buisa phuthego kwa Davos ka nako ya bokopano jwa itsholelo ya mafatshefatshe<ref>[https://africatimes.com/2020/01/22/botswanas-masisi-talks-african-economy-at-davos/ "Botswana's Masisi talks African economy at Davos". ''A'']''frica Times''. 2020-01-22. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Firikgong a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe - kgotlatshekelo ya boikuelo e phatlalatsa tsheko ya go fetola maduo a ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabongwe.<ref>[https://www.namibian.com.na/197477/archive-read/Botswana-opposition-loses-bid-to-nullify-election-results "Botswana opposition loses bid to nullify election results".] ''The Namibian''. 2020-01-31. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> === Tlhakole === * Tlhakole - ** Lefatshe la Botswana le gana kopo ya batshabi ba Zimbabwe ya go nna mo lefatsheng leo morago ga tshwetso ya komiti e kgolo ya batshabi ya gore lefatshe la Zimbabwe le babalesegile go ka boela kwa go lone<ref>[https://www.voanews.com/a/africa_zimbabwe-refugees-lose-fight-remain-botswana/6183821.html "Zimbabwe Refugees Lose Fight to Remain in Botswana".] ''VOA''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> ** Kompone ya Finestar Diamonds e bula madirelo kwa Gaborone<ref>[https://www.diamondworld.net/contentview.aspx?item=24782 "Finestar Diamonds opens manufacturing factory".] ''DiamondWorld.net''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> ** Mothusa tautona Tsogwane o bua le batho kwa pulong gape ya Phakalane Convention Centre morago ga go baakangwa.<ref>Mosinyi, Thato (2020-02-16). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202002170118.html "Botswana: Centre to Boost Tourism".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Tlhakole a le malatsi a supa - Lefatshe la Botswana le rekisa diteseletso tsa go tsoma ditlou di le masome a marataro ka palobalo<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-botswana-elephants-idUSKBN20118U/ "Botswana auctions permits to hunt elephants to ease human-wildlife conflict".] ''Reuters''. 2020-02-07. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Tlhakole a le lesome le bobedi - Kgotlatshekelo kgolo ya Botswana e phatlalatsa go nna kgatlhanong le maduo a ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabongwe ga ga [[Mogalakwe Mogalakwe]].<ref>Galeragwe, Moshe (2020-02-13). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202002140527.html "Botswana: Court Dismisses Mogalakwe Case With Costs".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Tlhakole a le lesome le borataro - Miguel da Costa o kubiwa mo go nneng mokatisi wa setlhopha sa [[Setlhopha sa kgwele ya dinao sa Jwaneng Galaxy F.C.|Jwaneng Galaxy F.C]]<ref>Sennamose, Olekantse (2020-02-17). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202002180906.html "Botswana: Jwaneng Galaxy Part Ways With Coach"]. ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 jULY 2026</ref> * Tlhakole a le lesome le borobabobedi -Kgotlatshekelo kgolo ya Botswana e phatlhalatsa go ema kgatlhanong le maduo a ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabongwe ga ga [[Entebetse Boitshwarelo]].<ref>Galeragwe, Moshe (2020-02-19). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202002200306.html "Botswana: Boitshwarelo Loses Election Petition Case".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> === Mopitlo === * Mopitlo a le lesome le borataro - [[Botswana Football Association]] e emisa metshameko ka nakwana e le go tsibogela [[Segajaja sa Covid-19 mo Botswana|segajaja sa COVID-19.]]<ref>Koka, Mpho (2020-03-16). [https://www.timeslive.co.za/sport/soccer/2020-03-16-botswana-football-association-suspends-their-league/ "Botswana Football Association suspends their league".] ''TimesLIVE''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Mopitlo a le masome mabedi - Dikolo tsotlhe di a tswalwa ka ntlha ya matshwenyego a go anama ga segajaja sa [[COVID-19|COVID-19.]]<ref name=":0">[https://www.voanews.com/a/covid-19-pandemic_botswana-schools-reopen-amid-concerns-over-preparedness/6190578.html "Botswana Schools Reopen Amid Concerns Over Preparedness".] ''Voice of America''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le boraro - Lefatshe la Botswana le tswala melelwane morago ga loso lwa ntlha lwa segajaja sa COVID-19 mo lefatsheng le le mabapi la [[Zimbabwe]].<ref>Dube, Mqondisi (2020-03-24). [https://www.voanews.com/a/science-health_coronavirus-outbreak_botswana-no-covid-19-cases-closes-borders-after-death-zimbabwe/6186332.html "Botswana, with No COVID-19 Cases, Closes Borders After Death in Zimbabwe".] ''VOA''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le botlhano - mme wa dingwaga di le masome a supa le borobabobedi o a neng a belaelwa a na le bowetse jwa COVID-19 o a tlhokafala kwa [[Ramotswa]]. Malatsinyana fela morago ga loso lwa gagwe, maduo a gagwe a boa a supa fa a ne a na le COVID-19, se nna loso lwa ntlha le motho wa bone go tlhomamisiwa a na le COVID-19 mo lefatsheng le o.<ref>[https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/55551 "Botswana registers 7 more COVID-19 cases".] Archived from the original on 2020-10-01.</ref> * Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borataro - [[puso ya Botswana]] e tlhama letlole la go inamola mo segajajeng sa COVID-19.<ref>Galeragwe, Moshe (2020-03-26). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202003270321.html "Morwaeng Launches COVID-19 Relief Fund".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Mopitlo a le masome a mararo - ** Batho ba ntlha ba bararo ba ba neng ba na le COVID-19 mo lefatsheng ba a tlhomamisiwa. Tona wa botsogo [[Lemogang Kwape]] o supa fa balwetsi ba babraro ba le mo serubing ba ne ba tsere loeto go ya Britain le [[Thailand]] mo nakong e e sa tswang go feta.<ref>Mosinyi, Thato (2020-03-31). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202004010088.html "Essential Services Providers to Use Permits".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> ** Tautona Masisi o tlhomamisa nako ya seemo sa tshoganyetso a tsibogela segajaja sa COVID-19.<ref>Mosinyi, Thato (2020-03-31). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202004010088.html "Essential Services Providers to Use Permits"]. ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> === Moranang === * Moranang - Lefatshe la Botswana le tshabisa ditshukudu tsa lone kwa [[Makgobokgobo a Okavango|makgobokgobong a Okavango]] ka nako ya go tsoma ditshukudu go neng go ile magoletsa le ka ntlha ya merwalela.<ref>Maron, Dina Fine (2020-05-01). [https://web.archive.org/web/20210219192014/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/botswana-evacuates-black-rhinos-amid-poaching-and-coronavirus "Botswana is quietly evacuating black rhinos amid poaching threat".] ''National Geographic''. Archived from the original on February 19, 2021. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Moranang a rogwa - [[Botswana Power Corporation|Koporase ya motlakase ya Botswana]] e oketsa madi a theko ya motlakase ka masome a mabedi le bobedi mo lekgolong.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/botswana-power-idUSL8N2BI5Z9/ "Botswana hikes power tariffs by 22% to help loss-making utility".] ''Reuters''. 2020-03-25. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Moranang a robabongwe - tautona Masisi le palamente yotlhe ya Botswana ba tsena mo serubing morago ga gore mooki o a neng a ba tlhatlhobela COVID-19 a tlhomamisiwe fa a na le COVID-19.<ref>Isilow, Hassan (2020-04-09). [https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/covid-19-botswana-places-mps-president-in-quarantine/1799209 "COVID-19: Botswana places MPs, president in quarantine"]. ''Anadolu Agency''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Moranang a le lesome le borataro - tautona Masisi o itshwarela magolegwa a le lekgolo masome a mane le borobabongwe go itsa go tlala phetelela ga dikgolegelo ka nako ya segajaja sa COVID-19.<ref>Ngatane, Nthakoana (2020-04-17). [https://www.ewn.co.za/2020/04/17/covid-19-botswana-to-pardoned-and-release-149-prisoners "COVID-19: Botswana pardons & releases 149 prisoners".] ''Eyewitness News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Moranang a le masome mabedi le bosupa -tautona Masisi o oketsa malatsi a seemo sa kiletso mesepele go tswa ka Motsheganong a rogwa go tsena Motsheganong a le malatsi a supa.<ref>Motsamai, Mmoniemang (2020-04-28). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202004281035.html "Masisi Extends National Lockdown".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Moranang a le masome mararo - [[Polokelo ya madi ya Botswana|Banka ya Botswana]] e fokotsa dielo tsa koketsego ya madi e tsibogela segajaja sa COVID-19.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/botswana-economy-lending-idUSL8N2CI8W7/ "UPDATE 1-Botswana cuts rates, banks' capital ratios in coronavirus response".] ''Reuters''. 2020-04-30. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> === Motsheganong === * Motsheganong a le lesome le botlhano - Lekgotla la kgwele ya dinao la Aforika le supa fa go retelelwa ke go tsenelela motshameko wa dikgaisano tsa sejana sa bomme ba ba dingwaga di kwa tlase ga lesome le bosupa sa mafatshefatshe kwa Morocco ka ntlha ya segajaja sa COVID-19 go dumelelwa.<ref>Ahmadu, Samuel (2020-05-15). [https://www.goal.com/en/news/caf-rules-in-botswana-favour-after-boycotting-u17-womens-world-cup-clash-with-morocco/1o8i328qfpirb155i43gz2nvu0 "Caf rules in Botswana's favour after boycotting U17 Women's World Cup clash with Morocco".] ''Goal''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Motsheganong a le masome mabedi - kiletso mesepele ya COVID-19 kwa Botswana e a fela.<ref>[https://www.voanews.com/a/covid-19-pandemic_botswana-ends-7-week-lockdown/6189665.html "Botswana Ends 7-Week Lockdown".] ''VOA''. 2020-05-21. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> === Seetebosigo === * Seetebosigo - ** Tlhaelo ya lookwane e e bakilweng ke tiego ya go reka le go reka ka bontsi ka ntlha ya letshogo ga Batswana go dira gore lefatshe la Botswana le dirise lookwane lo lo beilweng.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/botswana-fuel-idUSL8N2E72PK/ "Botswana taps into strategic fuel reserves to ease shortages".] ''Reuters''. 2020-06-30. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> ** Lefatshe la Botswana le neela badiri ba motlakase ba ba ikemetseng diteseletso tsa lone go ba fa tetla ya go aga mafelo a go fetlhiwang motlakase kwa go one.<ref>Bungane, Babalwa (2020-06-22). [https://www.esi-africa.com/industry-sectors/generation/botswana-grants-first-ever-generation-licenses-to-ipps/ "Botswana grants first ever generation licenses to IPPs"]. ''ESI-Africa.com''. Retrieved 29 July 2026.</ref> ** Lefatshe la Botswana le simolola go ntsha ditshukudu tsa lone dinaka go kgoba batsomi marapo.<ref>Dube, Mqondisi (2020-06-18). [https://www.voanews.com/a/africa_poaching-forces-botswana-dehorn-translocate-rhinos/6191347.html "Poaching Forces Botswana to Dehorn, Translocate Rhinos"]. ''VOA''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> ** Puso ya Botswana e thapa AfriForum go atlhola [[Bridgette Radebe]] go bo a dirile dikgwebo tsa bokukuntshwane. O lebisa lefatshe monwana go tsibogela magatwe a a senang boammaruri.<ref>Ngatane, Nthakoana (2020-06-25). [https://www.ewn.co.za/2020/06/25/bridgette-motsepe-radebe-to-sue-over-botswana-money-laundering-claims "Bridgette Motsepe-Radebe to sue over Botswana money laundering claims".] ''ewn.co.za''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Seetebosigo a le malatsi a mabedi - dikolo di bulwa gape morago ga go tswalwa malatsi a le masome a supa le bone go itsa go anama ga segajaja sa COVID-19.<ref name=":0" /> * Seetebosigo a le malatsi a mane - Moruti Frank Nubuasah o kwalela George Floyd matshediso, o aneng e le tsala ya gagwe ka dingwaga tsa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe.<ref>Samasumo, Paul (2020-06-09). [https://www.vaticannews.va/en/africa/news/2020-06/botswana-s-bishop-nubuasah-mourns-george-floyd-a-friend.html "Botswana's Bishop Nubuasah mourns George Floyd, a friend. - Vatican News".] ''Vatican News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Seetebosigo a le lesome le boraro - Toropokgolo [[Gaborone]] e boela mo kiletsong mesepele morago ga dipego tsa batho ba banang le mogare wa COVID-19.<ref name=":1">[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-botswana-idUSKBN23M2VM/ "Botswana lifts coronavirus lockdown in capital city".] ''Reuters''. 2020-06-15. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Seetebosigo a le lesome le botlhano - kiletso mesepele ya Gaborone morago ga go belaelwa batho ba na le COVID-19 go tlhomamisiwa fa ba sena yone.<ref name=":1" /> === Phukwi === * Phukwi - ** Lefatshe la Botswana le itemogela tlhaelo ya lokwane ka ntlha ya segajaja sa COVID-19<ref>Motsaathebe, Manowe (2020-07-09). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202007100367.html "Fuel Shortage Requires Discipline".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> ** Lefatshe la Botswana le tshwara tshekatsheko le Harvard AIDS Initiative go tlhatlhoba mekento e e thibelang HIV/AIDS.<ref>Ntesang, Collin (2020-07-06). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202007070469.html "HIV Study Compares Pill With Injection".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> ** Lekgotla la metshameko ya chess mo Aforika le thapa Mothokomedi Thabano, tautona wa lekgotla la chess mo Botswana go nna modulasetilo wa lekgotla la thuto ya chess mo [[Aferika|Aforika]].<ref>Kolantsho, Calistus (2020-07-06). [https://www.mmegi.bw/sport/botswana-chess-president-gets-continental-nod/news "Botswana Chess President Gets Continental Nod".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Phukwi a le masome mabedi le bone - Refilwe Mooki o simolola letsholo la "Say No to Rape" mo Botswana.<ref>Thobega, Keletso (2020-07-24). [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-botswana-women-rape-trfn-idUSKCN24P1S1/ "Botswana rape survivor fights sexual violence with awareness campaign".] ''Reuters''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Phukwi a le masome mabedi le botlhano - mookamedi wa National Development Bank Lorato Morapedi o itsise go fetoga ga banka go nna ya temothuo e e itebagantseng le go tlhabolola masimo.<ref>[https://allafrica.com/stories/202007270506.html "NDB to Reposition As an Agri-Bank"]. ''Botswana Daily News''. 2020-07-26. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Phukwi a le masome mabedi le bosupa - ** Palamente e simolola go gasa ditsamaiso tsa yone ka tlhamalalo<ref>[https://allafrica.com/stories/202007280233.html "Parliament Goes Live".] ''Botswana Daily News''. 2020-07-27. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> ** Lekgotla la bojanala la Botswana le simolola lenaneo la [[Rediscover Botswana]] go oketsa bojanala.<ref>Ntakhwana, Omphile (2020-07-28). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202007290594.html "Rediscover Botswana Campaign Kickoff".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026.</ref> === Phatwe === * Phatwe - Tymon Katlholo o thapiwa go etelela pele [[lephata la tshenyetso setshaba le melato ya itsholelo]] (DCEC)<ref>[https://www.africaintelligence.com/southern-africa-and-islands/2020/08/31/old-hand-returned-to-helm-of-anti-corruption-body-as-masisi-strives-to-gloss-over-problems,109602732-art "Old hand returned to helm of anti-corruption body as Masisi strives to gloss over problems"]. ''Africa Intelligence''. 2020-08-31. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Phatwe a le masome mabedi - Pego ka Omnia Strategy le Alaco e kgala [[puso ya Botswana]] ka melato e e e lebisitseng Bridgette Motsepe le [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]].<ref>du Plessis, Carien (2020-08-20). [https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2020-08-20-cherie-blairs-investigation-clears-ian-khama-and-bridgette-motsepe-of-wrongdoing-scolds-botswana-government/ "Cherie Blair's investigation clears Ian Khama and Bridgette Motsepe of wrongdoing, scolds Botswana government".] ''Daily Maverick''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Phatwe a le masome mabedi le borataro - tautona Masisi o dira diphetogo di le mmalwa mo khuduthamageng ya gagwe, di akaretsa go ntsha [[Unity Dow]] le [[Lemogang Kwape]].<ref>du Plessis, Carien (2020-08-27). [https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2020-08-27-botswana-president-reshuffles-cabinet-to-strengthen-his-hand/ "Botswana President Reshuffles Cabinet to Strengthen His Hand".] ''Daily Maverick''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Phatwe a le masome mararo - go simololwa legato la bopelotlhomogi la Trans-Okavango<ref>Mmolai, Esther (2020-08-25[https://allafrica.com/stories/202008260267.html ). "Safari Guides Cycle for Charity".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> === Lwetse === * Lwetse a le lesome le motso - palamente e gana tshutiso ya go neela babereki ba tsa bojanala ditlhobolo morago ga go oketsega ga go bolaya diphologolo tsa naga.<ref>Dube, Mqondisi (2020-09-12). [https://www.voanews.com/a/africa_botswana-parliament-rejects-call-arm-game-rangers/6195812.html "Botswana Parliament Rejects Call to Arm Game Rangers".] ''VOA''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Lwetse a le lesome le bosupa - Lefatshe la Botswana le letlelela basadi ba ba nyetsweng go nna le ditsha tsa bone ka fa molaong ba sa di tlhakanela le banna ba bone.<ref>Thobega, Keletso (2020-09-17). [https://www.reuters.com/world/botswana-opts-make-land-owners-wives-with-new-law--trfn-2020-09-17/ "Botswana opts to make land owners of wives with new law".] ''Reuters''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Lwetse a le lesome le borobabongwe - Lefatshe la Botswana le nna la bo lekgolo le boraro go amogela paakanyo ya Kigali go tsena mo molaong wa Montreal.<ref>Stausholm, Tine (2020-09-24). [https://naturalrefrigerants.com/ "Botswana Ratifies Kigali Amendment, Bringing Ratifications to 104".] ''accelerate24.news''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Lwetse a le masome mabedi le bobedi - tona wa thuto go tswa kwa moding [[Fidelis Macdonald Molao|Fidelis Molao]] o itsise ka lenaneo la go ruta teme ya Swahili kwa dikolong.<ref>[https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/news/africa/botswana-to-introduce-kiswahili-in-schools-2716730 "Botswana to introduce Kiswahili in schools".] ''The Citizen''. 2020-10-23. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> === Phalane === * Phalane - ** Lebentlele la Choppies le lebisa PricewaterhouseCoopers molato wa didikadike di le makgolo a marataro masome a matlhano le boraro go bo ba reteletswe ke go tswala matlole a kompone eo a ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabobedi.<ref>Prinsloo, Loni (2020-10-13). [https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-10-13/pwc-hit-by-40-million-lawsuit-from-botswana-supermarket-chain "PwC Hit by $40 Million Lawsuit From Botswana Supermarket Chain".] ''Bloomberg''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> ** Banka ya Botswana e isa dielo tsa koketsego ya madi kwa tlase ka ntlha ya go nna bonya ga itsholelo le theko e e kwa tlase.<ref>Ntshole, Tebagano (2020-10-11). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202010120634.html "Bank of Botswana Reduces Rate".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> ** Kago ya mabentlele a The Fields e a simologa.<ref>[https://cceonlinenews.com/news/largest-mall-in-botswana-begins-construction-2/ "Largest mall in Botswana begins construction".] ''Construction & Civil Engineering News''. 2020-10-09. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Phalane a robabobedi - Kago ya [[borogo jwa Kazungula]] e a fela<ref>Jung, Min-hee (2020-10-08). [https://www.businesskorea.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=52924 "Daewoo E&C Completes Construction of Kazungula Bridge in Botswana"]. ''Business Korea''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Phalane a le lesome le bone - [[Sepodise sa Botswana|Sepodisi sa Botswana]] se atolosa melao ya go tsibogela tirisodikgoka e e amang bong, e dira le mogala wa mahala o go ka begiwang mo go one ditiragalo tse di amang le tirisodikgoka ya bong.<ref>More, Ketshepile (2020-10-15). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202010160050.html "Bps Institutes Gender-Based Violence Fighting Measures".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Phalane a le lesome le botlhano - Mopolotiki wa kwa [[Uganda]] Kipoi Tonny Nsubuga o a tshwarwa le motswakwa o o senang dipampiri tsa teseletso mesepele mo Botswana.<ref>[https://www.independent.co.ug/kipoi-re-arrested-in-botswana/ "Former MP Kipoi re-arrested in Botswana".] ''The Independent Uganda''. 2020-10-26. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Phalane a le lesome le borobabongwe - Khansele ya babereki ba thuto e a tlhamiwa ke tona wa thuto go tswa kwa moding Fidelis Molao.<ref>Dube, Onalenna (2020-10-20). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202010210517.html "Molao Launches Teaching Council".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Phalane a le masome mabedi le bobedi - mookamedi wa pabalesego mo ditseleng le tsa mesepele Bokhutlo Modukanele o itsise tshimolo ya mafaratlhatlha a masha a go tlhatlhobelwa go kgweetsa a a botlhale.<ref>Thatayamodimo, Lesedi (2020-10-25). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202010260425.html "Department Introduces New Driver Testing System".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Phalane a le masome mabedi le borataro - [[Ntlo ya Dikgosi tsa Botswana|Ntlo ya Dikgosi]] e fetisa phetolo molaomotheo e e tlhokang gore mapalamente a ithole marapo fa ba fetola phathi e ba e setseng morago.<ref>Tebogo, Lephogole (2020-10-27)[https://allafrica.com/stories/202010280369.html . "Floor Crossing Bill Passes".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> === Ngwanatsele === * Ngwanatsele ** Lefatshe la Botswana le bulela mesepele ya go tswela kwa ntle ka bonya ka bonya<ref>[https://apanews.net/en/news/botswana-embarks-on-phased-reopening-of-borders "Botswana embarks on phased reopening of borders".] ''apanews.net''. 2020-11-09. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> ** Lefatshe la Botswana le baya monwana tumalano e e le letlang go rekela 20% ya batho ba lone melemo e e lekaneng ya COVID-19.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/botswana-signs-agreement-with-global-vaccine-scheme-20-population-2020-11-10/ "Botswana signs agreement with global vaccine scheme for 20% of population".] ''Reuters''. 2020-11-10. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> ** Teemane ya dikharete di le makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi, e le nngwe ya tse ditona mo lefatsheng ka bophara, e upololwa kwa [[Moepo wa diteemane wa Karowe|moepong wa diteemane wa Karowe]] ke Lucara Diamond.<ref>Biesheuvel, Thomas (2020-11-11). [https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-11-11/one-of-the-biggest-ever-diamonds-has-been-found-in-botswana?leadSource=uverify%20wall "One of the Biggest Ever Diamonds Has Been Found in Botswana".] ''Bloomberg''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> ** [[Mfolo Mfolo]] o seegelwa kwa thoko e le mookamedi wa Botswana Football Association morago ga gore setlhopha sa Botswana se ntshiwe mo dikgaisanong tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi tsa COSAFA tsa dingwaga tse di kwa tlase ga lesome le bosupa. Mogogi wa setlhopha Thabiso Kebotsamang o thapiwa go mo tshwarelela maemo.<ref>Sibanda, Anastacia (2020-11-24). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202011240700.html "Kebotsamang Acting CEO".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> ** Lefatshe la Botswana le tlhama dikgotlatshekelo di le masome mabedi le botlhano tsa kgokgontsho ya bong.<ref>Thobega, Keletso (2020-11-30). [https://www.reuters.com/world/botswana-sets-up-gender-violence-courts-tackle-pandemic-backlog--trfn-2020-11-30/ "Botswana sets up gender violence courts to tackle pandemic backlog".] ''Reuters''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Ngwanatsele a le malatsi a matlhano - Sesole sa Botswana se thuntsha banna ba [[Namibia]] ba le bararo le monna wa [[Zambia]] a le esi kwa [[Noka ya Chobe|nokeng ya Chobe]] ba belaelwa e le batsomi ba diphologolo tsa naga, mo go neng ga baka mekubukubu kwa Namibia.<ref>Tjitemisa, Kuzeeko (2020-11-19). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202011200556.html "Probe in Fishermen Killing Escalates".] ''New Era''. Retrieved 29 July 2029</ref> * Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe - Lefatshe la Botswana le tshwara bokopano jwa mafatshe a mararo jo bo faphegileng jwa lekgotla la [[Southern African Development Community|SADC]].<ref>[https://www.heraldonline.co.zw/just-in-president-leaves-for-botswana-2/ "President leaves for Botswana".] ''The Herald''. 2020-11-27. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Ngwanatsele a le masome mararo - Kompone ya Petra Diamonds e rekisa dithoto tsa yone tsa Botswana, Sekaka Diamonds Exploration, e rekisetsa Botswana Diamonds.<ref>Jamasmie, Cecilia (2020-11-30). [https://www.mining.com/botswana-diamonds-grabs-sekaka-from-embattled-petra/ "Botswana Diamonds acquires Sekaka from embattled Petra"]. ''Mining.com''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> === Morule === * Morule a le lesome le motso - Lefatshe la Botswana le simolodisa lenaneo la go lema ditlhare tsa maungo a losika loo namune.<ref>Botsang, Kgotsofalang (2020-12-13). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202012140182.html "Citrus Project On".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> == Dintsho == * Moranang a le masome mabedi le bone - [[Kebadire Kalake]], a le dingwaga di le masome a supa le bobedi, mopalamente.<ref>Monngakgotla, Topo (2020-04-26). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202004270271.html "Former MP Dies".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Motsheganong a le masome mabedi le bosupa - [[Thuso Letlhoma]], a le dingwaga di le masome mane le borobabobedi, mmereki wa seromamowa.<ref>Tlhankane, Mompati (2020-06-01). [https://www.mmegi.bw/lifestyle/an-entertainment-industry-tribute-to-thusoski/news "An Entertainment Industry Tribute To Thusoski".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Lwetse a le malatsi a mabedi - [[Serara Selelo-Mogwe]], a le dingwaga di le masome a robabongwe le boraro, moitsanape wa tsa thuto<ref>Mosinyi, Thato (2020-09-06). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202009070343.html "President Offers Solace".] ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Morule a le malatsi a robabobedi - [[Roseline Panzirah-Matshome]], a le dingwaga di le masome a mane le bone, lepolotiki.<ref>Motsamai, Mmoniemang (2020-12-10). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202012110085.html "Remembering Roseline Panzirah-Motshome"]. ''Botswana Daily News''. Retrieved 29 July 2026.</ref> == Metswedi == cr9u4a19jdjrnynqvrllt0am1yt6tiw 0 14740 53577 53481 2026-07-29T18:07:50Z MmaBaggio 11091 53577 wikitext text/x-wiki Dikgotlhang tsa lefatshe la bagologolo la [[Central Kalahari Game Reserve (CKGR)]] e simolotse ka ngwaga wa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa magareng ga [[puso ya Botswana]] le batho ba San (Bushmen), mme e sa ntse e tsweletse, mme e feletse ka nngwe ya dikgetsi tsa kgotlatshekelo tse di turang thata mo ditsong tsa [[Botswana]]. Ka dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa, go ne ga simololwa kgotlhang ka maiteko a puso ya Botswana (GOB) a go fudusa batho, mme seno sa felela ka gore batho bangwe ba fudusediwe kwa ntle ga lefelo leno ka dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe. Ka ntlha ya kgotlhang e e tsweletseng magareng ga batho ba San le GOB ka ditshwanelo tsa lefatshe, "Batho ba Ntlha ba Kalahari", mokgatlho o o buelelang ditshwanelo tsa batho ba San o ne wa tlhomiwa. Go na le dikganetsano tse di malebana le gore a go ribololwa ga diteemane mo lefelong leno, e ka tswa e le gone go tlhotlheleditseng maiteko a puso ya Botswana a go fudusa batho bano. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bobedi,puso e ne ya kgaola ditirelo tsotlhe mo baaging ba CKGR. Go ne ga simololwa ntwa ya semolao, mme ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro Kgotlatshekelo ya Makgaolakgang ya Botswana e ne ya ntsha katlholo ya gore banni ba koo ba ne ba tlositswe ka dikgoka e bile e se kafa molaong. Le fa go ntse jalo, pholisi ya go fudusa e ne ya tswelela, mme ka 2012 batho ba San ba ne ba ikuela kwa Ditšhabakopano go pateletsa puso go amogela ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa lefatshe le metswedi. == Se se diragetseng == === Batho ba San === [[Setshwantsho:Wandering hunters (Masarwa bushmen), North Kalahari Desert.jpg|thumb|Batsomi ba ba tshelang ka go fuduga (Basarwa Bushmen), kwa sekakeng sa Kalahari Bokone, c. 1892, go tswa mo setshwantshong sa ga Henry Anderson Bryden]] Batho ba San (kgotsa Basarwa,<ref name=":0">Anaya, James (2 June 2010). [http://unsr.jamesanaya.org/docs/countries/2010_report_botswana_en.pdf Addendum – The situation of indigenous peoples in Botswana] (PDF) (Report). United Nations Human Rights Council. A/HRC/15/37/Add.2.</ref> ba pele ba neng ba itsiwe jaaka "Bashmen<ref name=":1">Anton, Donald K.; Shelton, Dinah L. (2011). [https://books.google.com/books?id=F_dFYq4oFeYC&q=san+botswana ''Environmental Protection and Human Rights''.] Cambridge University Press. p.&nbsp;640. [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-521-76638-8|ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>978-0-521-76638-8</bdi>.]]</ref>), ke nngwe ya ditso tsa bogologolo mo Lefatsheng; ba nnile mo lefelong le le dikologileng Sekaka sa Kalahari nako e telele go feta ditlhopha tsa merafe e e bapileng le bone.<ref name=":1" /> Bontsi jwa lefatshe la merafe ya Botswana, go akaretsa le lefatshe le le neng le le mo diatleng tsa BaSan, le ne la latlhega ka nako ya bokoloniale jwa Yuropa, mme mokgwa wa go latlhegelwa ke lefatshe le go fitlhelela metswedi ya tlhago o ne wa tswelela morago ga boipuso jwa Botswana. 1]: <ref name=":0" /> BaSan ba amilwe thata mo tsamaong ya nako ke go tsenelela ga merafe e mentsi le balemirui ba e seng ba selegae mo mafatsheng a a neng a dirisiwa ke BaSan. Dipholisi tsa mmuso tse di simolotseng ka dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa di ne tsa fetisetsa kgaolo e e botlhokwa ya lefatshe la setso la BaSan go baagi ba basweu le merafe ya bontsi jwa bolemirui. Bontsi jwa dipholisi tsa mmuso tse di malebana le lefatshe di ne di rata morafe o mogolo wa Batswana go na le batho ba bannye ba Ba-San le Bakgalagadi.[ James Anaya, jaaka Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights and fundamental freedoms of indigenous people for the United Nations, o tlhalosa go latlhegelwa ke lefatshe jaaka selo se segolo se se dirang gore go nne le mathata a mantsi a a lebaneng le batho ba Botswana ba ba tlholegang koo, a umaka go kobiwa ga Ba-San go tswa kwa Central Kalahari Game Reserve (CKGR) jaaka sekai se se kgethegileng.<ref name=":0" />: 2 == Central Kalahari Game Reserve == === Ba-Bushman Kwa Kalahari === [[Setshwantsho:Bushmen in the Kalahari.jpg|thumb|Bushmen kwa lefelong la Kalahari]] Mo dingwageng tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano, go ne go na le tlhobaelo e e oketsegang ka baagi ba ba kwa tlase mo Aforika ke United States, Aforika Borwa, le Great Britain.<ref name=":2">Hitchcock, Robert K. (2002). "'We are the First People': Land, Natural Resources and Identity in the Central Kalahari, Botswana". ''Journal of Southern African Studies''. '''28''' (4): 797–824. doi:[[doi:10.1080/0305707022000043520|10.1080/0305707022000043520]]. ISSN&#x20;0305-7070. JSTOR&#x20;823352. S2CID&#x20;146291403.</ref>Ba ne ba simolola dipatlisiso le matsholo a patlisiso go nna le kitso e e tseneletseng ya mathata a a lebaneng batho ba ba kwa tlase mo Aforika. Kwa Botswana, "go ne go na le kgatelelo go tswa kwa metsweding mengwe ya go fetola tsela e BaSan ba neng ba tsholwa ka yone, ka bakanoki bangwe ba akantsha gore BaSan ba newe lefelo la bone". Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le borobabobedi, puso ya Bechuanaland Protectorate e ne ya tlhopha George Silberbauer go dira patlisiso le go bona ditharabololo tsa mathata a a neng a lebagane le batho ba Ba-San. Ka ntlha ya dipatlisiso tsa gagwe, ka ngwaga wa sekete ,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bongwe (1961), Central Kalahari Game Reserve (CKGR) e ne ya tlhomiwa go fa Ba-San lefelo la bona le go sireletsa dimela le diphologolo tse di ba dikologileng. Le fa Silberbauer a ne a batla gore go tlhomiwe "people reserve", ka nako eo, go ne go se na molao o o neng o letlelela seo.<ref name=":2" />Le fa go le jalo, CKGR ke "e e kgethegileng ka gore e ne ya tlhamiwa e se fela jaaka lefelo la tshomarelo ya tlhago mme gape le go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ba ka nnang dikete tse tlhano , ba bontsi jwa bone e leng Ba-San, ba ba nnang mo teng ga melelwane ya yone, ba ba neng ba batla go tsweletsa mekgwa ya bone ya botshelo ya go tsoma le go kgobokanya".<ref>Taylor, Julie J. (2007). "Celebrating San Victory Too Soon?: Reflections on the Outcome of the Central Kalahari Game Reserve Case". ''Anthropology Today''. '''23''' (5): 3–5. doi:[[doi:10.1111/j.1467-8322.2007.00534.x|10.1111/j.1467-8322.2007.00534.x.]] ISSN&#x20;0268-540X. JSTOR&#x20;4620383.</ref> == Batho ba Ntlha ba Kalahari == Jaaka mokgatlho wa go emela le go buelela batho ba San ka nako ya dikgotlhang tsa bona tsa pele, "Batho ba Ntlha ba Kalahari", ba ba itsegeng gape jaaka "Kgeikani Kweni", ba ne ba tlhomiwa ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masomea robabongwe le boraro (1993) ke John Hardbattle, Roy Sesana, le Aron Johannes.<ref name=":3">Hitchcock, Robert K. (2002). "'We are the First People': Land, Natural Resources and Identity in the Central Kalahari, Botswana". ''Journal of Southern African Studies''. '''28''' (4): 797–824. doi:[[doi:10.1080/0305707022000043520|10.1080/0305707022000043520.]] ISSN&#x20;0305-7070. JSTOR&#x20;823352. S2CID&#x20;146291403.</ref> Go tlhamiwa ga mokgatlho ono wa kemedi e ne e le matswela a go kgaratlhela ditshwanelo tsa lefatshe le tsa metswedi ya metsi tsa batho ba bantsho. Batho ba Ba-San ba ne ba ikutlwa gore ba tlhoka moemedi go ba bolelela ka se ba se tlhokang le go ba thusa mo ntweng ya bone ya go lwela ditshwanelo tse di lekanang kwa Botswana. Magareng ga ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borataro (1986) le ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe (1989), Ba-San le ditlhopha tse dingwe tse di kwa tlase mo CKGR ba ne ba le matlhagatlhaga mo dipolotiking mme ba tlhoma Kuru Development Fund,<ref>Winters, Olivia Jane (2019). "The Botswana Bushmen's Fight for Water & Land Rights in the Central Kalahari Game Reserve". ''Consilience'' (21): 172–186. ISSN&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1948-3074 1948-3074.] JSTOR&#x20;26775090.</ref>mokgatlho o o nang le maikaelelo a mantsi o o nang le maikaelelo a go tlhabolola setšhaba.<ref name=":3" />Letlole la Tlhabololo la Kuru le ne le le botlhokwa mo go tlhomeng "Batho ba Ntlha ba Kalahari", ka gonne le ne la tlamela ka matlole le ka gonne le ne la rotloetsa mothei wa lone, John Hardbattle, go emela le go buelela Ba-San.<ref name=":3" /> "Batho ba Ntlha ba Kalahari" ba ne ba emela batho ba San kwa Khonferenseng ya Ntlha ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Ba-San kwa Windhoek le kwa Khonferenseng ya Bobedi ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Ba-San kwa Gaborone ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabogwe le masome a robabongwe le boraro (1993). Mo dikopanong tse, babueledi ba BaSan ba ne ba supa mathata a BaSan ba lebaneng le one, jaaka "khumanego, go ikgatholosiwa ga lefatshe le metswedi, go tlhoka kemedi ya sepolotiki kwa maemong a bosetšhaba, go dirisiwa ga badiri, kgethololo, go tlhoka tlhokomelo e e neelwang BaSan mme go na le moo go tsepamisitswe mo setlhopheng se se tlhalositsweng ka bokhuduthamaga se se itsegeng jaaka Baagi ba Mafelo a a Kgakala, le go palelwa ga puso ya Botswana go tshegetsa ditshwanelo tsa lefatshe, ditshwanelo tsa setso le ditshwanelo tsa tlhabololo tsa batho ba BaSan".<ref name=":3" /> Kgabagare, dikhonferense tse di ne tsa isa kwa go kwadisiweng ga "Batho ba Ntlha ba Kalahari" jaaka mokgatlho o o amogetsweng ke puso ya Botswana le go bulwa ga ofisi ya bone kwa Gaborone ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bone .<ref name=":3" /> "The First People of Kalahari. " e ne e tla feleletsa e eteletse batho ba San pele go ya go "kganetso e tona ya ditso e e matlhagatlhaga" kgatlhanong le maiteko a puso a go ba fudusa.<ref name=":4">Marobela, Motsomi Ndala (2010). "The State, Mining and the Community: The Case of Basarwa of the Central Kalahari Game Reserve in Botswana". ''Labour, Capital and Society / Travail, Capital et Société''. '''43''' (1): 137–154. ISSN&#x20;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/43158366 0706-1706.] JSTOR&#x20;43158366.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bobedi,batho ba San, mmogo le baemedi ba bona, ba ne ba isa puso ya Botswana kwa kgotlatshekelo go lwela tshwanelo ya bone ya go nna mo CKGR le go fitlhelela metswedi ya tlholego mo go yona.<ref name=":4" />Kwa bofelong ka ngwaga wa dikete tsenpedi le borataro, Kgotlatshekelo Kgolo ya Botswana e ne ya amogela tshwanelo ya batho ba San go nna mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng.<ref name=":4" /> == Ditaemane le kgotlhang ya Lefatshe == Gompieno, itsholelo ya Botswana e ikaegile thata ka go romelwa ga diteemane kwa mafatsheng a sele.<ref name=":5">Winters, Olivia Jane (2019). "The Botswana Bushmen's Fight for Water & Land Rights in the Central Kalahari Game Reserve". ''Consilience'' (21): 172–186. ISSN&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1948-3074 1948-3074.] JSTOR&#x20;26775090</ref>Fa go sena go ribololwa diteemane ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masomea marataro le bosupa (1967), di ne tsa dira diperesente di le masomeamatlhano tsa GDP ya Botswana. Le fa go ntse jalo, pele diteemane di bonwa, Botswana e ne e ikaegile thata ka temothuo. Botswana e ne e le nngwe ya dinaga tse di humanegileng go gaisa mo lefatsheng, ka GDP ya motho a le mongwe e le 80 dollars ka ngwaga.<ref>Nocera, Joe (2008-08-08). [https://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/09/business/worldbusiness/09nocera.html "Diamonds Are Forever in Botswana".] ''The New York Times''. ISSN&#x20;0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-05-04.</ref>Go na le ditatofatso tsa gore GOB e leka go fudusa batho ba San ka ntlha ya go ribololwa ga ditaemane kwa Central Kalahari Game Reserve kwa bokhutlong jwa dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi.<ref name=":5" />Survival International e tlhalosa gore "Madi a a humileng a taemane a lefelo leno a ile a pegwa molato ka ntlha ya go lelekwa ga Ba-Bushmen ke puso".<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20221013231846/https://www.survivalinternational.org/material/280 "First People of the Kalahari: the struggle for ancestral lands".] ''www.survivalinternational.org''. Archived from the original on 2022-10-13. Retrieved 2020-04-03.</ref>Ba bangwe ba gatelela gore mabaka a GOB a go fudusa batho ba San, jaaka tlhabololo le tshomarelo ya diphologolo, a ganetsanwa ke dikgato tsa puso jaaka go kgaola metsi, a a thibelang tlhabololo ya bona.<ref name=":5" />Ka ngwaga wa dikete tsenpedi le bobedi,moporesidente wa Botswana, Festus Mogae, o ne a re maiteko a go fudusa batho go tswa kwa CKGR ga a amane ka gope le maano a meepo a nako e e tlang kgotsa meepo mo teng ga lefelo la tshireletso. <ref name=":5" />Le fa go ntse jalo, bangwe ba tlhalosa gore "moepong wa diteemane jaanong ke motheo wa ikonomi ya Botswana... mo e ka nnang ditlhabololo tsotlhe tsa Botswana mo mafaratlhatlheng, tlhokomelo ya boitekanelo le thuto ke ditlamorago tsa lotseno lwa diteemane. ⁇<ref>Sarkin, Jeremy (1998). "The Development of a Human Rights Culture in South Africa". ''Human Rights Quarterly''. '''20''' (3): 628–665. doi:[[doi:10.1353/hrq.1998.0032|10.1353/hrq.1998.0032.]] ISSN&#x20;1085-794X. S2CID&#x20;143091817.</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, CKGR e tsewa e le "lefelo le le humileng go gaisa mo lefatsheng le le ntshang diteemane".<ref name=":5" /> Le fa puso ya Botswana e ganela gore molao wa go fudusa e tlhotlheleditswe ke go ribololwa ga diteemane kwa Central Kalahari Game Reserve, gape ba boletse phatlalatsa gore "ditshwanelo tsa meepo kwa Botswana, go ya ka Molaotheo, ke tsa Puso go sa kgathalesege gore ke mang yo o nang le lefatshe". Le fa bangwe ba dumela gore go ribololwa ga diteemane e ka nna lebaka la gore GOB e tsentse matsapa a mantsi jaana go fudusa batho ba San, bangwe ba re go ribololwa ga diteemane ga se molato. <ref name=":6">Solway, Jacqueline (2009). "Human Rights and NGO 'Wrongs': Conflict Diamonds, Culture Wars and the 'Bushman Question'". ''Africa: Journal of the International African Institute''. '''79''' (3): 321–346. doi:[[doi:10.3366/E0001972009000849|10.3366/E0001972009000849]]. ISSN&#x20;0001-9720. JSTOR&#x20;20638864. S2CID&#x20;145791929.</ref>Go bolelwa gore fa diteemane di ka bonwa mme moepo o tshwanetse go tlhongwa, selekanyo sa lefatshe se se tlhokegang e tla nna se se kwa tlase, mme ga se kitla se kgoreletsa matshelo a batho ba Ba-San.<ref name=":6" /> == Dikgotlhang tsa bogologolo == [[Setshwantsho:BushmenSan.jpg|thumb|Basarwa]] Le fa go tlhomiwa ga Central Kalahari Game Reserve (CKGR) go ne go ikaeletswe go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa merafe e mennye, magareng ga dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi, go ne ga simololwa go batla go fudusa batho ba Ba-San.<ref name=":7">Hitchcock, Robert K. (2002). "'We are the First People': Land, Natural Resources and Identity in the Central Kalahari, Botswana". ''Journal of Southern African Studies''. '''28''' (4): 797–824. doi:[[doi:10.1080/0305707022000043520|10.1080/0305707022000043520.]] ISSN&#x20;0305-7070. JSTOR&#x20;823352. S2CID&#x20;146291403.</ref> Puso ya Botswana (GOB) e ne ya bolela gore go na le go fokotsega ga diphologolo ka ntlha ya go tsomiwa go go feteletseng ke batho ba San gore ba kgone go itshedisa. Gape go ne go na le ngangisano ya gore maemo a "di-game reserve" a ne a kgoreletsa ditshono tsa katoloso ya ditirelo, jaaka dipetlele, dikolo le sepodisi, tse di leng teng mo bathong ba ba nnang mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng.<ref name=":7" />Le fa go ne ga simololwa go kopiwa gore ba fudusiwe, ga go a ka ga tsewa dikgato dipe tse di tlhomameng.<ref name=":7" /> Kwa bokhutlong jwa dingwaga tsa bo sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi, dingangisano ka gore go dirwe eng ka batho ba San di ne tsa tswelela, mme dikgotlhang di ne tsa oketsega magareng ga batho ba San le puso, go tlisa tlhokomelo ya boditšhabatšhaba mo ditshwanelong tsa batho ba San.<ref name=":7" />Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi pe botlhano, Tona ya Kgwebo le Madirelo, M.P.K. Nwako, o ne a romelwa ke GOB kwa CKGR go tla go neela pegelo ka seemo le go tlhagisa tharabololo. <ref name=":7" /> Ka polelo ya gagwe, ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borataro (1986), pampiri e tshweu e ne ya ntshiwa e bolela gore pholisi e ntšhwa ya GOB e ne ya lemoga gore ba ba nnang mo lefelong la tshireletso ba ne ba tshwanetse go fudusediwa golo gongwe go sele.<ref name=":7" />Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ele lesome le bobedi, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borataro, "GOB e ne ya itsise gore metse ya thulaganyo ya yona ya "Remote Area Dweller" (RAD), e e neng e tlamela ditirelo go Ba-San, gareng ga tse dingwe, go tloga ka nako eo go ya pele e tla tlhomiwa fela kwa ntle ga CKGR".<ref name=":8">Sarkin, Jeremy (1998). "The Development of a Human Rights Culture in South Africa". ''Human Rights Quarterly''. '''20''' (3): 628–665. doi:[[doi:10.1353/hrq.1998.0032|10.1353/hrq.1998.0032]]. ISSN&#x20;1085-794X. S2CID&#x20;143091817.</ref>GOB e ne ya bolela gore go fudusiwa go ne go tla solegela Ba-San molemo ka gonne ditirelo di ne di ka anamisiwa botoka kwa ntle ga lefelo la tshireletso ka gonne go thata go dira jalo mo teng ga lefelo la tshireletso. Mo godimo ga moo, puso e ne ya bolela gore batho ba San ba ne ba tshwanetse go fudusiwa ka gonne ba ne ba tshosetsa diphologolo tsa naga. <ref name=":8" />Le fa go ntse jalo, banni ba lefelo la tshomarelo ba ne ba tsenela se se itsegeng jaaka "Kgotla", dikopano tsa khansele ya selegae kwa toropong ya Ghanzi, kwa ba neng ba tlhalosa matshwenyego a bone mme, kwa bofelong, ba ne ba bolokwa go tswa go fudusiwa.<ref name=":9">''Transitional Justice: Global Mechanisms and Local Realities after Genocide and Mass Violence''. Rutgers University Press. 2010. ISBN&#x20;[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-8135-4761-9|<bdi>978-0-8135-4761-9</bdi>.]] JSTOR&#x20;j.ctt5hj4jg.</ref> Fa puso e ntse e tsweletse ka go batla ditsela tsa go ntsha banni ba Central Kalahari Game Reserve, banni le batshegetsi ba yone ba kwa dinageng di sele, jaaka ba Survival International le baeteledipele ba ba kgatlhanong le tlhaolele, ba ne ba bona ditsela tsa go tila maiteko a puso a go ba fudusa. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe, setlhopha sa ditshwanelo tsa botho, Survival International, se ne sa tsaya kgato mo boemong jwa batho ba San mme sa golola "Bulletin ya Kgato e e Potlakileng mo kgannyeng ya go fudusiwa ka dikgoka ga batho go tswa mo lefelong la tshireletso".<ref name=":7" /> Mo godimo ga moo, Survival International le mekgatlho e mengwe ya ditshwanelo tsa botho e ne ya kwalela GOB, segolobogolo Ofisi ya Tautona ya Lephata la Puso ya Selegae, Mafatshe le Matlo, ka ga maiteko a bona a go busetsa batho ba Ba-San.<ref name=":7" /> Mo masimologong a bo1990, maiteko a go fudusa batho a ne a oketsega. Puso e ne ya dira gore batho ba ba nnang mo lefelong la Central Kalahari Game Reserve ba se ka ba bona ditirelo ka bonako, e le go leka go dira gore batho ba tswe ba le bosi. Mmuso o ne o tla re ditirelo tse di tla bo di le teng gape fa ba fudugela kwa ntle ga lefelo la tshireletso. Le fa go le jalo, Ba-San ba ne ba tshwenyegile gore ba tla patelediwa go nna mo mafelong a a tletseng batho koo ba tla tswelelang go kgaratlhela go fitlhelela ditirelo. Baagi bangwe ba ne ba feleletsa ba fudugile ka bobona; le fa go ntse jalo, morago ga nako e e rileng, ba ne ba boela kwa lefelong le le sireleditsweng ka gonne ba ne ba re ga go na lefatshe le le lekaneng mo lefelong le lesha la bonno le gore go ne go na le kgaisano e e tsweletseng ya metswedi e e lekanyeditsweng.<ref name=":9" /> Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bobedi (1992), kopano le bodirelo, koo Ba-San, mmogo le baemedi ba bona, ba neng ba tlhalosa matshwenyego a bona le mathata a ba neng ba lebagane le ona a go fudusiwa, go ne ga lebisa tlhokomelo ya lefatshe mo kgannyeng e. Thupelo ya "Tlhabololo ya Metseselegae e e Tsweleletseng e e neng e tshwerwe ka kgwedi ya Moranang e le lesome le boraro sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bobedi (1992), kwa Gaborone, e ne ya letla Ba-San go tlhalosa mathata a ba neng ba lebane le one kwa Botswana.<ref name=":7" /> Mo godimo ga moo, kopano e ne ya rulaganngwa magareng ga Ba-San le Ofisi le Lefapha la Puso ya Selegae, Mafatshe le Matlo ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e le lesome le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bobedi (1992), koo Ba-San ba neng ba batla go tlhamiwa ga dipopego tsa sepolotiki koo ba neng ba tla emelwa le go nna le boutu ya ditshwetso tse di neng di tla ba ama. Go araba dikopo tsa BaSan, puso ya Botswana e ne ya bolela gore BaSan, ka tshegetso ya boditšhabatšhaba, ba ne ba batla go ikgaoganya le Botswana.<ref name=":7" /> == Go fudusediwa kwa Central Kalahari Game Reserve == [[Setshwantsho:Bosquimanos-Grassland Bushmen Lodge, Botswana 05.jpg|thumb|Borre ba Basarwa mo Botswana]] Mekgwa ya botshelo ya Banni ba San le Bakgalagadi ba CKGR e ne ya fetoga fa didiba di ne di epelwa le sekolo le lefelo la boitekanelo le ne la tlhomiwa koo, se se neng sa rotloetsa mokgwa wa botshelo wa bolemirui le go isa kwa go tsholeng leruo le le rileng mo lefelong la tshireletso.<ref name=":0" />: 16 Puso e ne ya swetsa ka gore tsela ya go tshela ya batho ba ba nnang mo lefelong la CKGR ga e sa tlhole e tsamaisana le maikaelelo a lefelo leno le gore go tlamela ka ditirelo mo go lone go ne go le tlhwatlhwakgolo thata gore go ka tswelela pele go dirwa. Ka jalo puso e ne ya swetsa go fudusa botlhe ba ba nnang mo CKGR go ya kwa mafelong a a kwa ntle ga lefelo la tshireletso.<ref name=":0" />: 16 Le fa puso e gatelela gore batho ba ne ba fudusiwa ka boithaopo, Anaya o tlhalosa thulaganyo ya dipuisano e le "e e sa lekaneng" e bile o tlhalosa "go tshwenyega thata" malebana le gore a batho ba neilwe tetla ya go fuduga ka boithaopo. Go lebega go ile ga dirisiwa go tshwenya banni, go senya dikago tsa motheo, le go thibela go tsoma go dira gore banni ba tswe mo lefelong leno la tshireletso. Go ya ka The Guardian, go thibelwa ga go tsoma go go neng ga itsisiwe mo nageng yotlhe ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014), "go ne ga fedisa setso sa Ba-San sa dingwaga di le diketekete". Thibelo ya puso ya go tsoma ga e dire mo dirapeng tsa diphologolo tsa poraefete tse di direlang bajanala.<ref name=":10">Vidal, John (18 April 2014). [https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2014/apr/18/kalahari-bushmen-hunting-ban-prince-charles "Botswana bushmen: 'If you deny us the right to hunt, you are killing us'".] ''The Guardian''.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bobedi (2002), puso e ne ya emisa ditirelo tsotlhe go baagi ba CKGR, mme ya tswala lesoba le le neng le tlamela baagi ba lefelo la tshireletso ka metsi.<ref name=":0" />: 17 Fa e sale mo bogareng jwa dingwaga tsa bo1990, puso ya Botswana e tsentse tirisong pholisi ya go fudusetsa BaSan kwa ntle ga XamKhomani Heartland, lefatshe la bone la borraabonemogolo le le gaufi le CKGR go ya kwa mafelong a a sa tswang go tlhongwa jaaka New Xade.<ref>Moapare, Ketelelo (20 April 2016). [https://kalaharireview.com/new-xade-a-modern-village-in-an-ancient-land-b4387200eb65 "New Xade: A Modern Village in an Ancient Land".] ''The Kalahari Review''. Retrieved 25 May 2020 &#x2013; via Medium.</ref> Lebaka la semmuso la puso la go amogela pholisi e ya re: Fa nako e ntse e tsamaya go ne ga bonala sentle gore banni ba le bantsi ba CKGR ba ne ba setse ba le mo temothuong kgotsa ba ne ba eletsa go nna mo go yone, ba lema dijalo le go tlhokomela leruo go na le go nna batsomi fa lefelo leno le ne le tlhomiwa ka ngwaga wa 1961. Tota e bile, go tsoma le go tsoma go ne go sa tlhole go tlhokega gore ba kgone go tshela. Tiriso eno ya lefatshe la temothuo ga e tsamaisane le go somarela diphologolo tsa naga e bile ga e a tshwanela go dirisiwa mo Game Reserve. Se ke lebaka la botlhokwa la gore puso e fuduse baagi ba CKGR.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081226225956/http://www.gov.bw/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=59&Itemid=52 Question and Answer.] Government of Botswana Web Site</ref> Anaya o kwala gore le fa bangwe ba batho ba ba kileng ba nna kwa CKGR ba ile ba tlhopha go se boele kwa lefelong leno ka ntlha ya go tlhoka ditirelo, go akaretsa metsi, batho ba ba nnang mo lefelong leno ba ile ba tlhalosa gore ba eletsa go kgona go tsoma le go kgobokanya dijo, e re ka ditiro tseno e le karolo e e botlhokwa ya setso sa bone. Maikutlo a kgokagano e e boteng ya botho le lefatshe le le mo tshireletsong a ne a bonala mo bathong ba San ba ba nnang mo CKGR mmogo le mo go ba San le Bakgalagadi ba ba neng ba fudusetswa kwa ntle ga CKGR. Ditlhopha tsa bofelo di ne tsa supa keletso ya go boela kwa lefelong le le sireleditsweng le fa go na le dikgwetlho tsa go tshela koo.<ref name=":0" />: 18 Jumanda Gakelebone, mmueledi wa Ba-San kwa Botswana, o ne a bolelela The Guardian jaana: Re ile ra kgona go tshela ka diketekete tsa dingwaga mo go nngwe ya mafelo a a omeletseng thata mo lefatsheng mme ba re tshwara jaaka dieleele. Re batho ba ba ratang go tsoma le go kgobokanya, le fa go ntse jalo re a tshwarwa. Ga re a tshwanela go senya diphologolo tsa naga. Fa re bolaya phologolo e le nngwe re e ja kgwedi yotlhe. Ga re a letlelelwa go tsoma mme ba bangwe ba ka kgona.<ref name=":10" /> Setlhopha sa ditshwanelo tsa batho sa Survival International se nopola Gakelebone a re: Re sa ntse re le batsomi le barui. Re batla go itsiwe re le batho ba ba ratang go tsoma. Fa o re o se ka wa tsoma, go raya gore o se ka wa ja. Fa e le gore o tlile go thibela go tsoma, o tshwanetse go buisana le rona. O tlile go dira gore re nne batsomi ba ba se nang molao. Mme go tsoma ga go ise go ko go re amege ka go tsoma ka tsela e e seng kafa molaong. Re tsoma dijo.<ref>[http://www.survivalinternational.org/news/10675 "Legal analysis finds tribal peoples persecuted unjustly for 'wildlife crime'".] Survival International. 28 February 2015.</ref> Puso e ne ya ganela gore go fudusiwa gono go ne ga dirwa ka dikgoka.<ref>Advisory Group on Forced Evictions, United Nations Human Settlements Programme (2007). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=gbpwMRxCsegC&q=%22C.S+Maribe%22 Forced Evictions-- Towards Solutions?: Second Report of the Advisory Group on Forced Evictions to the Executive Director of UN-HABITAT]''. UN-HABITAT. p.&#x20;115. ISBN&#x20;<bdi>978-92-1-131909-5</bdi>.</ref>Tshwetso ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le pedi le borataro (2006) ya Kgotlatshekelo Kgolo ya Botswana e netefaditse, le fa go ntse jalo, gore banni ba ne ba tlositswe ka dikgoka le ka tsela e e seng ya molaotheo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20061220110621/http://www.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/africa/12/13/bushmen.reut/index.html "Botswana's bushmen get Kalahari lands back"]. CNN. 13 December 2006. Archived from the original on 20 December 2006. Retrieved 2006-12-13.</ref>Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya atlhola Roy Sesana le ba Bangwe v. Attorney General o ne a re balatofadiwa ba Ba-San, "ka dikgoka kgotsa ka tsela e e sa siamang le kwa ntle ga tumelelo ya bone", ba ne ba tseelwa lefatshe le ba neng ba le tsere ka fa molaong. Katlholo e ne ya supa dipolelo le ditiro tse di thulanang le tse di tlhakanyang tlhogo tsa puso.<ref name=":0" />: 17 Go ya ka Anaya, kgetsi eno "e bontsha gore puso e paletswe ke go buisana sentle le batho ba setso mo ditshwetsong tse di botlhokwa tse di ba amang le go tlotla ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go nna le lefatshe le metswedi ya tlholego".<ref name=":0" />: 21 Baganetsi ba pholisi ya go fudusa ba bolela gore maikaelelo a puso ke go phepafatsa lefelo - lefelo le le lekanang le Denmark - ka kgwebo ya bojanala le meepo ya taemane. Baemedi ba puso ba boletse gore go letla le e leng baagi ba bannye go nna mo lefelong la diphologolo ga go tsamaelane le maikaelelo a lefelo la diphologolo tsa naga. Le fa go ntse jalo, Anaya o kwala gore tsela e puso e lebang kgang eno ka yone e lebega e sa dumalane le tshwetso ya yone ya go letla Gem Diamonds go epa diteemane mo lefelong leno. Tiro ya moepo e rulaganyeditswe go tsaya dingwagasome di le mmalwa mme e ka akaretsa go tsena ga badiri ba le makgolo a matlhano go ya go ba le 1200 mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, go ya ka komponi ya meepo. Mmuso o ne wa bolela gore le fa go ne go dirilwe dipatlisiso, o ne wa swetsa ka gore moepo wa diteemane o ne o ka se kgonege le gore pholisi ya go fudusa e ne e sa amane ka gope le meepo.<ref>Miller, Jeff (5 September 2014). [http://www.diamonds.net/News/NewsItem.aspx?ArticleID=47921&ArticleTitle=Gem+Diamonds+Opens+Its+Underground+Ghaghoo+Mine "Gem Diamonds Opens Its Underground Ghaghoo Mine".] ''Rapaport | Diamonds.Net''.</ref>Le fa go ntse jalo, ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014) moepo wa Ghaghoo, o o neng o tsamaisiwa ke Gem Diamonds, o ne wa simolola go ntsha tshipi mo Central Kalahari Game Reserve. Jaaka go tlhalositswe ke karolo ya dikgang ya Rapaport Diamond Report, e leng buka e e kaelang ka ditlhotlhwa tsa madirelo a diteemane, "go bulwa ga Ghaghoo go ne ga baka dikganetsano [...] ka ntlha ya lefelo la yone mo lefatsheng la bagologolwane ba Ba-Bushmen". Mokaedi wa Survival International e bong Stephen Corry o ne a re fa moepo o bulwa: Boikemisetso jwa Botswana jwa go sireletsa dilo tsa tlholego bo bonala sentle. Puso e bua maaka fa e re go nna teng ga Ba-Bushman mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng ga go tsamaisane le go somarela diphologolo tsa naga, fa e ntse e letlelela moepo wa diteemane le go phuruphutsha go tswelela pele mo lefatsheng la bone.<ref>Miller, Jeff (4 September 2014). [http://www.diamonds.net/News/NewsItem.aspx?ArticleID=47914 "Botswana to Inaugurate Diamond Mine on Bushmen Ancestral Land".] ''Rapaport | Diamonds.Net''.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano (2005), John Simpson wa BBC News o ne a tlhalosa batho ba New Xade jaaka ba ba tshwerweng ke botagwa le malwetse a tlhakanelo dikobo, a re, "Fa puso ya Botswana e tsaya baeng ba dinaga di sele go ya kwa New Xade mo maetong a go batlisisa dintlha, e ba bontsha dikolo le ditliliniki tse di agetsweng Ba-Bushmen. Dibese tsa batho ba maemo a a kwa godimo di tsaya tsela e sele e le gore di se ka tsa ya kwa shebeens [dibareng]". Simpson a re o ne a belaela gore go fudusiwa ga batho go ne go tlhotlhelediwa ke dithulaganyo tsa go epa diteemane. 24] Mo lekwalong la 2005 le le neng la gololwa ka 2011, Moemedi wa United States kwa Botswana e bong Joseph Huggins o ne a kgala go ntshiwa ga batho ka dikgoka, a re: "Le fa gone go ka direga gore dingwaga di le pedi kgotsa di le tharo morago ga gore ba fuduge, masetlapelo a magolo a setse a fetile, gape go bonala sentle gore batho ba ile ba latlhelwa mo maemong a a sa itumediseng a itsholelo ba sa akanyetsa pele, e bile ba sa tshegediwa. GOB [Puso ya Botswana] e bontsha go tlhoka go akanya ka tsela e e gakgamatsang. GOB e leba New Xade jaaka lefelo le le tshwanang le mafelo a mangwe a a humanegileng a kwa magaeng, le le sa tshwanelwang ke go tshwarwa ka tsela e e kgethegileng. Mme matlhotlhapelo a a kgethegileng a batho ba ba ikaegileng ka New Xade ke gore a ka bo a ile a tilwa". 25] Tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelo ya Makgaolakgang ya 2006 Ka 13 Sedimonthole 2006, Ba-San ba fentse katlholo ya hisetori mo kgetseng ya bona e telele ya kgotlatshekelo kgatlhanong le puso. Go ya ka mmueledi wa Ba-San e bong Gordon Bennett, "ga go na ope yo o neng a akanya gore Ba-Bushmen ba na le ditshwanelo dipe" pele ga phenyo ya bone ya kgotlatshekelo. "Ga go na ope yo o neng a amega". Kgetsi eno e ne ya atlholwa nakwana fela pele ga go amogelwa ga Maiphako a Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng a Ditshwanelo Tsa Batho ba Mamoseleme. Bakanoki ba tsa molao e bong Donald K. Anton le Dinah L. Shelton o kwala gore kgetsi e "e supa se bangwe ba se tsayang e le kgotlhang e e ka nnang teng magareng ga tshireletso ya tikologo le ditshwanelo tsa botho". 2] Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya atlhola ka bontsi jwa 2 go ya go 1, ya re go gana go letla Ba-Basarwa go tsena mo CKGR ba se na tetla, le go gana go ntsha dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa go tsoma go letla Ba-San go tsoma, go ne go le "kgatlhanong le molao e bile go sa dumalane le molaotheo". Gape e fitlhetse gore Ba-San ba ne ba "kgaolwa dithoto tsa bone ka dikgoka le ka tsela e e seng tshiamo" ke puso. Baatlhodi ba le babedi mo go ba bararo ba ne ba bua ka go tlhoka maatla ga BaSan, bontlhanngwe e le ka ntlha ya kgethololo, e e feleletseng ka go bala le go kwala go go kwa tlase le maatla a mannye a sepolotiki kgotsa a ikonomi go na le merafe e mentsi. Baatlhodi ba ne ba swetsa ka gore tota le ditshwetso tsa boithaopo tsa go fuduga mo letlhakoreng la Ba-San di ne di sa ikaega ka tumelelo e e nang le kitso, ka ntlha ya bosupi jwa gore puso e ne e sa itsise Ba-San ka tshwanelo ka ga tuelo kgotsa tshwanelo ya bona ya go boela kwa lefelong la tshireletso morago ga go fuduga. 1]: 17 Kgotlatshekelo ga e a pateletsa puso go tlamela ditirelo, jaaka metsi, go Ba-San ba ba neng ba boela kwa lefelong le le sireleditsweng. Go tloga ka 2006, go feta 1 000 ya BaSan ba ne ba ikaelela go boela kwa Central Kalahari Game Reserve, nngwe ya mafelo a tlhago a a sireleditsweng a magolo mo Afrika.[ 28] Le fa go ntse jalo, puso e ne ya tlhalosa molao ono ka tsela e e gagametseng, mme ke palo e e lekanyeditsweng fela ya Ba-San ba ba neng ba letlelelwa go boela kwa nageng eno. Mmuso o ne gape wa batla gore bana le ba bangwe ba masika a bakopi ba ntlha mo kgetseng eno ba bone tetla ya go boela kwa nageng ya borraabonemogologolwane ba bone. 29]: 7 [30] Ka Moranang 2008, Lekgotla la Ditšhaba tse di Kopaneng la Ditshwanelo tsa Botho (UNHRC) le ne la tshwaya phoso puso ya Botswana ka go se letle Ba-San ba ba rileng go boa, mmogo le go ganela Ba-Bushmen tshwanelo ya go tsoma mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, le fa ba dirisitse lefatshe leno go tsoma ka diketekete tsa dingwaga.[ 31 == Boikuelo kwa Kgotlatshekelong e tona == Ba-San ba le mmalwa ba tsere dikgato tsa semolao tse di ntšhwa go bula gape sediba sa metsi mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, se se neng sa thibelwa ka 2002.[ Ka 2011, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya naya Ba-Basarwa (Ba-San) tshwanelo ya go bula diforo tse disha kgotsa go epa diforo tse disha gore ba bone metsi a ba a dirisang mo malapeng. Pele ga go dirwa tshwetso eo, puso e ne ya thibela Ba-Basarwa go ya kwa didibeng, mme seo se ne sa dira gore ba se ka ba kgona go boela kwa legaeng la bone kwa CKGR. Morago ga katlholo, puso e ne ya neela badiri le metšhini ditetla tse di maleba tsa go tsena mo CKGR go epa mesima. 29]: 9 ⁇ 10 Barrister Gordon Bennett o ne a emela Ba-San kwa kgotlatshekelo fa baatlhodi ba ne ba bolela fa puso ya Botswana e le molato wa go "tshwara batho ka tsela e e tlhabisang ditlhong" mme ba tlhalosa kgetsi e e le "kgang e e utlwisang botlhoko ya go boga ga batho le go itlhoboga". Mo godimo ga moo, Puso e ne ya laelwa go duela ditshenyegelo tsa boikuelo jwa Ba-San. 32][33] Go tloga ka 2013, le fa go ntse jalo, puso e ne e santse e thibela batho ba San go bona metsi mo CKGR.[ 34] Go ya ka patlisiso e e phasaladitsweng ka June 2012 ke Minority Rights Group International, mong wa moepo wa Gope Gem Diamonds o ne a tshwanetse go dira le banni ba CKGR gore ba tle ba solegelwe molemo ke moepo: khamphani e ne e tshwanetse go epa mesima e le mene e mesha, go thapa banni, le go tlhoma trust ya setšhaba, mme go ne go epiwe mosima o le mongwe fela wa metsi kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga.[ 29]: 10 == Kgotlhang ya ngwaga wa 2012 - 2013 == Ka Motsheganong 2012 Ba-Basarwa ba ne ba ikuela kwa United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, ba kopa United Nations go pateletsa puso go amogela ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa lefatshe le didiriswa. Foramo e ne ya amogela ditlhopha tsa dikatlanegiso di le robongwe tse di neng di bua ka ditlamorago tsa go gapiwa ga lefatshe le go tseelwa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ba tlholegileng koo ke puso. 29]: 7 Go fudusiwa ga puso go ne ga tswelela mo ngwageng oo kwa kgaolong e e kwa bophirima ya Ranyane. Ka Motsheganong 2013, Kgotlatshekelo ya Makgaolakgang e ne ya atlhola gore puso e tshwanetse go emisa go fudusa malapa a a tswang kwa bothibelelong jwa Ranyane. Mekgatlho e e seng ya puso e ne ya bega gore puso e ne ya fudusa malapa a le mmalwa go tswa kwa Ranyane morago ga tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelo Kgolo mme ya bolela gore badiredi ba puso ba ne ba ikagela kwa Ranyane gore ba dire letsholo la go rotloetsa banni go fuduga go tswa kwa motseng wa bone, ka karolo ya go thibela go fitlhelela metsi a a leng one fela mo motseng. 29]: 20–21 Ka Phatwe 2013 babueledi ba batho ba Basarwa ba ne ba tsenya kgetsi kwa Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo e mo go yone baikuedi ba ntlha ba kgetsi ya CKGR ya 2006 ba neng ba ikuela kwa pusong gore bana ba bone le ba masika ba tsene mo CKGR ba se na dithibelo (ke gore ba se na diphemiti). Kgetsi e ne ya kgaphelwa thoko ka mabaka a setegeniki, ka tetla e e neetsweng ke kgotlatshekelo ya go tsenya kopo e ntšhwa. Ka kgato e e neng ya tshwaiwa phoso ke setšhaba le metswedi ya dikgang ya selegae, puso e ne ya tsenya mmueledi wa bakopi ba Basarwa, moagi wa United Kingdom yo o amanang le Survival International, mo lenaaneng la batho ba ba tshwanetseng go dira kopo ya go bona visa ya go tsena mo nageng. Le fa puso e ne ya ganela ditatofatso tsa gore e ne e ikaeletse go thibela mmueledi go tswa mo nageng, ga e a ka ya mo fa visa ka nako gore a kgone go nna le seabe mo tshekong ya Kgotlatshekelo e Kgolo ya Phatwe. Mmueledi, Gordon Bennett, o ne a re, "Tshiamelo ya go sekisiwa ka tsela e e siameng gantsi e akaretsa tshwanelo ya go emelwa ke mmueledi yo o mo tlhophang. Ga go a nna jalo kwa Botswana, go lebega go ntse jalo  ⁇  kgotsa bonnye ga go a nna jalo fa o sekisa Puso".[ Poso ya Facebook ya puso ya Botswana e ne ya bolela gore Lefapha la Bofaladi le ne le ganne kopo ya ga Bennett ya go fiwa visa, e e tlhalosang jaaka "e e rometsweng ka nako e khutshwane" Poso e e latelang ya Facebook e ne ya bolela gore Tona ya Badiri le Merero ya Selegae, Motlotlegi Edwin Batshu, o ne a sireletsa kgato eno ka go re ke "mo dikgatlhegelong tsa pabalesego ya bosetšhaba". 42] Tsheko e simolotse ka 29 Phukwi.[ 43] 22hkwrnnptinwbeufdtg1k7qm0ak91f 53588 53577 2026-07-29T21:22:02Z ~2026-42317-92 13035 53588 wikitext text/x-wiki Dikgotlhang tsa lefatshe la bagologolo la [[Central Kalahari Game Reserve (CKGR)]] e simolotse ka ngwaga wa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa magareng ga [[puso ya Botswana]] le batho ba San (Bushmen), mme e sa ntse e tsweletse, mme e feletse ka nngwe ya dikgetsi tsa kgotlatshekelo tse di turang thata mo ditsong tsa [[Botswana]]. Ka dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa, go ne ga simololwa kgotlhang ka maiteko a puso ya Botswana (GOB) a go fudusa batho, mme seno sa felela ka gore batho bangwe ba fudusediwe kwa ntle ga lefelo leno ka dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe. Ka ntlha ya kgotlhang e e tsweletseng magareng ga batho ba San le GOB ka ditshwanelo tsa lefatshe, "Batho ba Ntlha ba Kalahari", mokgatlho o o buelelang ditshwanelo tsa batho ba San o ne wa tlhomiwa. Go na le dikganetsano tse di malebana le gore a go ribololwa ga diteemane mo lefelong leno, e ka tswa e le gone go tlhotlheleditseng maiteko a puso ya Botswana a go fudusa batho bano. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bobedi,puso e ne ya kgaola ditirelo tsotlhe mo baaging ba CKGR. Go ne ga simololwa ntwa ya semolao, mme ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro Kgotlatshekelo ya Makgaolakgang ya Botswana e ne ya ntsha katlholo ya gore banni ba koo ba ne ba tlositswe ka dikgoka e bile e se kafa molaong. Le fa go ntse jalo, pholisi ya go fudusa e ne ya tswelela, mme ka 2012 batho ba San ba ne ba ikuela kwa Ditšhabakopano go pateletsa puso go amogela ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa lefatshe le metswedi. == Se se diragetseng == === Batho ba San === [[Setshwantsho:Wandering hunters (Masarwa bushmen), North Kalahari Desert.jpg|thumb|Batsomi ba ba tshelang ka go fuduga (Basarwa Bushmen), kwa sekakeng sa Kalahari Bokone, c. 1892, go tswa mo setshwantshong sa ga Henry Anderson Bryden]] Batho ba San (kgotsa Basarwa,<ref name=":0">Anaya, James (2 June 2010). [http://unsr.jamesanaya.org/docs/countries/2010_report_botswana_en.pdf Addendum – The situation of indigenous peoples in Botswana] (PDF) (Report). United Nations Human Rights Council. A/HRC/15/37/Add.2.</ref> ba pele ba neng ba itsiwe jaaka "Bashmen<ref name=":1">Anton, Donald K.; Shelton, Dinah L. (2011). [https://books.google.com/books?id=F_dFYq4oFeYC&q=san+botswana ''Environmental Protection and Human Rights''.] Cambridge University Press. p.&nbsp;640. [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-521-76638-8|ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>978-0-521-76638-8</bdi>.]]</ref>), ke nngwe ya ditso tsa bogologolo mo Lefatsheng; ba nnile mo lefelong le le dikologileng Sekaka sa Kalahari nako e telele go feta ditlhopha tsa merafe e e bapileng le bone.<ref name=":1" /> Bontsi jwa lefatshe la merafe ya Botswana, go akaretsa le lefatshe le le neng le le mo diatleng tsa BaSan, le ne la latlhega ka nako ya bokoloniale jwa Yuropa, mme mokgwa wa go latlhegelwa ke lefatshe le go fitlhelela metswedi ya tlhago o ne wa tswelela morago ga boipuso jwa Botswana. 1]: <ref name=":0" /> BaSan ba amilwe thata mo tsamaong ya nako ke go tsenelela ga merafe e mentsi le balemirui ba e seng ba selegae mo mafatsheng a a neng a dirisiwa ke BaSan. Dipholisi tsa mmuso tse di simolotseng ka dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa di ne tsa fetisetsa kgaolo e e botlhokwa ya lefatshe la setso la BaSan go baagi ba basweu le merafe ya bontsi jwa bolemirui. Bontsi jwa dipholisi tsa mmuso tse di malebana le lefatshe di ne di rata morafe o mogolo wa Batswana go na le batho ba bannye ba Ba-San le Bakgalagadi.[ James Anaya, jaaka Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights and fundamental freedoms of indigenous people for the United Nations, o tlhalosa go latlhegelwa ke lefatshe jaaka selo se segolo se se dirang gore go nne le mathata a mantsi a a lebaneng le batho ba Botswana ba ba tlholegang koo, a umaka go kobiwa ga Ba-San go tswa kwa Central Kalahari Game Reserve (CKGR) jaaka sekai se se kgethegileng.<ref name=":0" />: 2 == Central Kalahari Game Reserve == === Ba-Bushman Kwa Kalahari === [[Setshwantsho:Bushmen in the Kalahari.jpg|thumb|Bushmen kwa lefelong la Kalahari]] Mo dingwageng tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano, go ne go na le tlhobaelo e e oketsegang ka baagi ba ba kwa tlase mo Aforika ke United States, Aforika Borwa, le Great Britain.<ref name=":2">Hitchcock, Robert K. (2002). "'We are the First People': Land, Natural Resources and Identity in the Central Kalahari, Botswana". ''Journal of Southern African Studies''. '''28''' (4): 797–824. doi:[[doi:10.1080/0305707022000043520|10.1080/0305707022000043520]]. ISSN&#x20;0305-7070. JSTOR&#x20;823352. S2CID&#x20;146291403.</ref>Ba ne ba simolola dipatlisiso le matsholo a patlisiso go nna le kitso e e tseneletseng ya mathata a a lebaneng batho ba ba kwa tlase mo Aforika. Kwa Botswana, "go ne go na le kgatelelo go tswa kwa metsweding mengwe ya go fetola tsela e BaSan ba neng ba tsholwa ka yone, ka bakanoki bangwe ba akantsha gore BaSan ba newe lefelo la bone". Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le borobabobedi, puso ya Bechuanaland Protectorate e ne ya tlhopha George Silberbauer go dira patlisiso le go bona ditharabololo tsa mathata a a neng a lebagane le batho ba Ba-San. Ka ntlha ya dipatlisiso tsa gagwe, ka ngwaga wa sekete ,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bongwe (1961), Central Kalahari Game Reserve (CKGR) e ne ya tlhomiwa go fa Ba-San lefelo la bona le go sireletsa dimela le diphologolo tse di ba dikologileng. Le fa Silberbauer a ne a batla gore go tlhomiwe "people reserve", ka nako eo, go ne go se na molao o o neng o letlelela seo.<ref name=":2" />Le fa go le jalo, CKGR ke "e e kgethegileng ka gore e ne ya tlhamiwa e se fela jaaka lefelo la tshomarelo ya tlhago mme gape le go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ba ka nnang dikete tse tlhano , ba bontsi jwa bone e leng Ba-San, ba ba nnang mo teng ga melelwane ya yone, ba ba neng ba batla go tsweletsa mekgwa ya bone ya botshelo ya go tsoma le go kgobokanya".<ref>Taylor, Julie J. (2007). "Celebrating San Victory Too Soon?: Reflections on the Outcome of the Central Kalahari Game Reserve Case". ''Anthropology Today''. '''23''' (5): 3–5. doi:[[doi:10.1111/j.1467-8322.2007.00534.x|10.1111/j.1467-8322.2007.00534.x.]] ISSN&#x20;0268-540X. JSTOR&#x20;4620383.</ref> == Batho ba Ntlha ba Kalahari == Jaaka mokgatlho wa go emela le go buelela batho ba San ka nako ya dikgotlhang tsa bona tsa pele, "Batho ba Ntlha ba Kalahari", ba ba itsegeng gape jaaka "Kgeikani Kweni", ba ne ba tlhomiwa ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masomea robabongwe le boraro (1993) ke John Hardbattle, Roy Sesana, le Aron Johannes.<ref name=":3">Hitchcock, Robert K. (2002). "'We are the First People': Land, Natural Resources and Identity in the Central Kalahari, Botswana". ''Journal of Southern African Studies''. '''28''' (4): 797–824. doi:[[doi:10.1080/0305707022000043520|10.1080/0305707022000043520.]] ISSN&#x20;0305-7070. JSTOR&#x20;823352. S2CID&#x20;146291403.</ref> Go tlhamiwa ga mokgatlho ono wa kemedi e ne e le matswela a go kgaratlhela ditshwanelo tsa lefatshe le tsa metswedi ya metsi tsa batho ba bantsho. Batho ba Ba-San ba ne ba ikutlwa gore ba tlhoka moemedi go ba bolelela ka se ba se tlhokang le go ba thusa mo ntweng ya bone ya go lwela ditshwanelo tse di lekanang kwa Botswana. Magareng ga ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borataro (1986) le ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe (1989), Ba-San le ditlhopha tse dingwe tse di kwa tlase mo CKGR ba ne ba le matlhagatlhaga mo dipolotiking mme ba tlhoma Kuru Development Fund,<ref>Winters, Olivia Jane (2019). "The Botswana Bushmen's Fight for Water & Land Rights in the Central Kalahari Game Reserve". ''Consilience'' (21): 172–186. ISSN&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1948-3074 1948-3074.] JSTOR&#x20;26775090.</ref>mokgatlho o o nang le maikaelelo a mantsi o o nang le maikaelelo a go tlhabolola setšhaba.<ref name=":3" />Letlole la Tlhabololo la Kuru le ne le le botlhokwa mo go tlhomeng "Batho ba Ntlha ba Kalahari", ka gonne le ne la tlamela ka matlole le ka gonne le ne la rotloetsa mothei wa lone, John Hardbattle, go emela le go buelela Ba-San.<ref name=":3" /> "Batho ba Ntlha ba Kalahari" ba ne ba emela batho ba San kwa Khonferenseng ya Ntlha ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Ba-San kwa Windhoek le kwa Khonferenseng ya Bobedi ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Ba-San kwa Gaborone ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabogwe le masome a robabongwe le boraro (1993). Mo dikopanong tse, babueledi ba BaSan ba ne ba supa mathata a BaSan ba lebaneng le one, jaaka "khumanego, go ikgatholosiwa ga lefatshe le metswedi, go tlhoka kemedi ya sepolotiki kwa maemong a bosetšhaba, go dirisiwa ga badiri, kgethololo, go tlhoka tlhokomelo e e neelwang BaSan mme go na le moo go tsepamisitswe mo setlhopheng se se tlhalositsweng ka bokhuduthamaga se se itsegeng jaaka Baagi ba Mafelo a a Kgakala, le go palelwa ga puso ya Botswana go tshegetsa ditshwanelo tsa lefatshe, ditshwanelo tsa setso le ditshwanelo tsa tlhabololo tsa batho ba BaSan".<ref name=":3" /> Kgabagare, dikhonferense tse di ne tsa isa kwa go kwadisiweng ga "Batho ba Ntlha ba Kalahari" jaaka mokgatlho o o amogetsweng ke puso ya Botswana le go bulwa ga ofisi ya bone kwa Gaborone ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bone .<ref name=":3" /> "The First People of Kalahari. " e ne e tla feleletsa e eteletse batho ba San pele go ya go "kganetso e tona ya ditso e e matlhagatlhaga" kgatlhanong le maiteko a puso a go ba fudusa.<ref name=":4">Marobela, Motsomi Ndala (2010). "The State, Mining and the Community: The Case of Basarwa of the Central Kalahari Game Reserve in Botswana". ''Labour, Capital and Society / Travail, Capital et Société''. '''43''' (1): 137–154. ISSN&#x20;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/43158366 0706-1706.] JSTOR&#x20;43158366.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bobedi,batho ba San, mmogo le baemedi ba bona, ba ne ba isa puso ya Botswana kwa kgotlatshekelo go lwela tshwanelo ya bone ya go nna mo CKGR le go fitlhelela metswedi ya tlholego mo go yona.<ref name=":4" />Kwa bofelong ka ngwaga wa dikete tsenpedi le borataro, Kgotlatshekelo Kgolo ya Botswana e ne ya amogela tshwanelo ya batho ba San go nna mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng.<ref name=":4" /> == Ditaemane le kgotlhang ya Lefatshe == Gompieno, itsholelo ya Botswana e ikaegile thata ka go romelwa ga diteemane kwa mafatsheng a sele.<ref name=":5">Winters, Olivia Jane (2019). "The Botswana Bushmen's Fight for Water & Land Rights in the Central Kalahari Game Reserve". ''Consilience'' (21): 172–186. ISSN&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1948-3074 1948-3074.] JSTOR&#x20;26775090</ref>Fa go sena go ribololwa diteemane ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masomea marataro le bosupa (1967), di ne tsa dira diperesente di le masomeamatlhano tsa GDP ya Botswana. Le fa go ntse jalo, pele diteemane di bonwa, Botswana e ne e ikaegile thata ka temothuo. Botswana e ne e le nngwe ya dinaga tse di humanegileng go gaisa mo lefatsheng, ka GDP ya motho a le mongwe e le 80 dollars ka ngwaga.<ref>Nocera, Joe (2008-08-08). [https://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/09/business/worldbusiness/09nocera.html "Diamonds Are Forever in Botswana".] ''The New York Times''. ISSN&#x20;0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-05-04.</ref>Go na le ditatofatso tsa gore GOB e leka go fudusa batho ba San ka ntlha ya go ribololwa ga ditaemane kwa Central Kalahari Game Reserve kwa bokhutlong jwa dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi.<ref name=":5" />Survival International e tlhalosa gore "Madi a a humileng a taemane a lefelo leno a ile a pegwa molato ka ntlha ya go lelekwa ga Ba-Bushmen ke puso".<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20221013231846/https://www.survivalinternational.org/material/280 "First People of the Kalahari: the struggle for ancestral lands".] ''www.survivalinternational.org''. Archived from the original on 2022-10-13. Retrieved 2020-04-03.</ref>Ba bangwe ba gatelela gore mabaka a GOB a go fudusa batho ba San, jaaka tlhabololo le tshomarelo ya diphologolo, a ganetsanwa ke dikgato tsa puso jaaka go kgaola metsi, a a thibelang tlhabololo ya bona.<ref name=":5" />Ka ngwaga wa dikete tsenpedi le bobedi,moporesidente wa Botswana, Festus Mogae, o ne a re maiteko a go fudusa batho go tswa kwa CKGR ga a amane ka gope le maano a meepo a nako e e tlang kgotsa meepo mo teng ga lefelo la tshireletso. <ref name=":5" />Le fa go ntse jalo, bangwe ba tlhalosa gore "moepong wa diteemane jaanong ke motheo wa ikonomi ya Botswana... mo e ka nnang ditlhabololo tsotlhe tsa Botswana mo mafaratlhatlheng, tlhokomelo ya boitekanelo le thuto ke ditlamorago tsa lotseno lwa diteemane. ⁇<ref>Sarkin, Jeremy (1998). "The Development of a Human Rights Culture in South Africa". ''Human Rights Quarterly''. '''20''' (3): 628–665. doi:[[doi:10.1353/hrq.1998.0032|10.1353/hrq.1998.0032.]] ISSN&#x20;1085-794X. S2CID&#x20;143091817.</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, CKGR e tsewa e le "lefelo le le humileng go gaisa mo lefatsheng le le ntshang diteemane".<ref name=":5" /> Le fa puso ya Botswana e ganela gore molao wa go fudusa e tlhotlheleditswe ke go ribololwa ga diteemane kwa Central Kalahari Game Reserve, gape ba boletse phatlalatsa gore "ditshwanelo tsa meepo kwa Botswana, go ya ka Molaotheo, ke tsa Puso go sa kgathalesege gore ke mang yo o nang le lefatshe". Le fa bangwe ba dumela gore go ribololwa ga diteemane e ka nna lebaka la gore GOB e tsentse matsapa a mantsi jaana go fudusa batho ba San, bangwe ba re go ribololwa ga diteemane ga se molato. <ref name=":6">Solway, Jacqueline (2009). "Human Rights and NGO 'Wrongs': Conflict Diamonds, Culture Wars and the 'Bushman Question'". ''Africa: Journal of the International African Institute''. '''79''' (3): 321–346. doi:[[doi:10.3366/E0001972009000849|10.3366/E0001972009000849]]. ISSN&#x20;0001-9720. JSTOR&#x20;20638864. S2CID&#x20;145791929.</ref>Go bolelwa gore fa diteemane di ka bonwa mme moepo o tshwanetse go tlhongwa, selekanyo sa lefatshe se se tlhokegang e tla nna se se kwa tlase, mme ga se kitla se kgoreletsa matshelo a batho ba Ba-San.<ref name=":6" /> == Dikgotlhang tsa bogologolo == [[Setshwantsho:BushmenSan.jpg|thumb|Basarwa]] Le fa go tlhomiwa ga Central Kalahari Game Reserve (CKGR) go ne go ikaeletswe go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa merafe e mennye, magareng ga dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi, go ne ga simololwa go batla go fudusa batho ba Ba-San.<ref name=":7">Hitchcock, Robert K. (2002). "'We are the First People': Land, Natural Resources and Identity in the Central Kalahari, Botswana". ''Journal of Southern African Studies''. '''28''' (4): 797–824. doi:[[doi:10.1080/0305707022000043520|10.1080/0305707022000043520.]] ISSN&#x20;0305-7070. JSTOR&#x20;823352. S2CID&#x20;146291403.</ref> Puso ya Botswana (GOB) e ne ya bolela gore go na le go fokotsega ga diphologolo ka ntlha ya go tsomiwa go go feteletseng ke batho ba San gore ba kgone go itshedisa. Gape go ne go na le ngangisano ya gore maemo a "di-game reserve" a ne a kgoreletsa ditshono tsa katoloso ya ditirelo, jaaka dipetlele, dikolo le sepodisi, tse di leng teng mo bathong ba ba nnang mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng.<ref name=":7" />Le fa go ne ga simololwa go kopiwa gore ba fudusiwe, ga go a ka ga tsewa dikgato dipe tse di tlhomameng.<ref name=":7" /> Kwa bokhutlong jwa dingwaga tsa bo sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi, dingangisano ka gore go dirwe eng ka batho ba San di ne tsa tswelela, mme dikgotlhang di ne tsa oketsega magareng ga batho ba San le puso, go tlisa tlhokomelo ya boditšhabatšhaba mo ditshwanelong tsa batho ba San.<ref name=":7" />Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi pe botlhano, Tona ya Kgwebo le Madirelo, M.P.K. Nwako, o ne a romelwa ke GOB kwa CKGR go tla go neela pegelo ka seemo le go tlhagisa tharabololo. <ref name=":7" /> Ka polelo ya gagwe, ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borataro (1986), pampiri e tshweu e ne ya ntshiwa e bolela gore pholisi e ntšhwa ya GOB e ne ya lemoga gore ba ba nnang mo lefelong la tshireletso ba ne ba tshwanetse go fudusediwa golo gongwe go sele.<ref name=":7" />Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ele lesome le bobedi, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borataro, "GOB e ne ya itsise gore metse ya thulaganyo ya yona ya "Remote Area Dweller" (RAD), e e neng e tlamela ditirelo go Ba-San, gareng ga tse dingwe, go tloga ka nako eo go ya pele e tla tlhomiwa fela kwa ntle ga CKGR".<ref name=":8">Sarkin, Jeremy (1998). "The Development of a Human Rights Culture in South Africa". ''Human Rights Quarterly''. '''20''' (3): 628–665. doi:[[doi:10.1353/hrq.1998.0032|10.1353/hrq.1998.0032]]. ISSN&#x20;1085-794X. S2CID&#x20;143091817.</ref>GOB e ne ya bolela gore go fudusiwa go ne go tla solegela Ba-San molemo ka gonne ditirelo di ne di ka anamisiwa botoka kwa ntle ga lefelo la tshireletso ka gonne go thata go dira jalo mo teng ga lefelo la tshireletso. Mo godimo ga moo, puso e ne ya bolela gore batho ba San ba ne ba tshwanetse go fudusiwa ka gonne ba ne ba tshosetsa diphologolo tsa naga. <ref name=":8" />Le fa go ntse jalo, banni ba lefelo la tshomarelo ba ne ba tsenela se se itsegeng jaaka "Kgotla", dikopano tsa khansele ya selegae kwa toropong ya Ghanzi, kwa ba neng ba tlhalosa matshwenyego a bone mme, kwa bofelong, ba ne ba bolokwa go tswa go fudusiwa.<ref name=":9">''Transitional Justice: Global Mechanisms and Local Realities after Genocide and Mass Violence''. Rutgers University Press. 2010. ISBN&#x20;[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-8135-4761-9|<bdi>978-0-8135-4761-9</bdi>.]] JSTOR&#x20;j.ctt5hj4jg.</ref> Fa puso e ntse e tsweletse ka go batla ditsela tsa go ntsha banni ba Central Kalahari Game Reserve, banni le batshegetsi ba yone ba kwa dinageng di sele, jaaka ba Survival International le baeteledipele ba ba kgatlhanong le tlhaolele, ba ne ba bona ditsela tsa go tila maiteko a puso a go ba fudusa. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe, setlhopha sa ditshwanelo tsa botho, Survival International, se ne sa tsaya kgato mo boemong jwa batho ba San mme sa golola "Bulletin ya Kgato e e Potlakileng mo kgannyeng ya go fudusiwa ka dikgoka ga batho go tswa mo lefelong la tshireletso".<ref name=":7" /> Mo godimo ga moo, Survival International le mekgatlho e mengwe ya ditshwanelo tsa botho e ne ya kwalela GOB, segolobogolo Ofisi ya Tautona ya Lephata la Puso ya Selegae, Mafatshe le Matlo, ka ga maiteko a bona a go busetsa batho ba Ba-San.<ref name=":7" /> Mo masimologong a bo1990, maiteko a go fudusa batho a ne a oketsega. Puso e ne ya dira gore batho ba ba nnang mo lefelong la Central Kalahari Game Reserve ba se ka ba bona ditirelo ka bonako, e le go leka go dira gore batho ba tswe ba le bosi. Mmuso o ne o tla re ditirelo tse di tla bo di le teng gape fa ba fudugela kwa ntle ga lefelo la tshireletso. Le fa go le jalo, Ba-San ba ne ba tshwenyegile gore ba tla patelediwa go nna mo mafelong a a tletseng batho koo ba tla tswelelang go kgaratlhela go fitlhelela ditirelo. Baagi bangwe ba ne ba feleletsa ba fudugile ka bobona; le fa go ntse jalo, morago ga nako e e rileng, ba ne ba boela kwa lefelong le le sireleditsweng ka gonne ba ne ba re ga go na lefatshe le le lekaneng mo lefelong le lesha la bonno le gore go ne go na le kgaisano e e tsweletseng ya metswedi e e lekanyeditsweng.<ref name=":9" /> Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bobedi (1992), kopano le bodirelo, koo Ba-San, mmogo le baemedi ba bona, ba neng ba tlhalosa matshwenyego a bona le mathata a ba neng ba lebagane le ona a go fudusiwa, go ne ga lebisa tlhokomelo ya lefatshe mo kgannyeng e. Thupelo ya "Tlhabololo ya Metseselegae e e Tsweleletseng e e neng e tshwerwe ka kgwedi ya Moranang e le lesome le boraro sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bobedi (1992), kwa Gaborone, e ne ya letla Ba-San go tlhalosa mathata a ba neng ba lebane le one kwa Botswana.<ref name=":7" /> Mo godimo ga moo, kopano e ne ya rulaganngwa magareng ga Ba-San le Ofisi le Lefapha la Puso ya Selegae, Mafatshe le Matlo ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e le lesome le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bobedi (1992), koo Ba-San ba neng ba batla go tlhamiwa ga dipopego tsa sepolotiki koo ba neng ba tla emelwa le go nna le boutu ya ditshwetso tse di neng di tla ba ama. Go araba dikopo tsa BaSan, puso ya Botswana e ne ya bolela gore BaSan, ka tshegetso ya boditšhabatšhaba, ba ne ba batla go ikgaoganya le Botswana.<ref name=":7" /> == Go fudusediwa kwa Central Kalahari Game Reserve == [[Setshwantsho:Bosquimanos-Grassland Bushmen Lodge, Botswana 05.jpg|thumb|Borre ba Basarwa mo Botswana]] Mekgwa ya botshelo ya Banni ba San le Bakgalagadi ba CKGR e ne ya fetoga fa didiba di ne di epelwa le sekolo le lefelo la boitekanelo le ne la tlhomiwa koo, se se neng sa rotloetsa mokgwa wa botshelo wa bolemirui le go isa kwa go tsholeng leruo le le rileng mo lefelong la tshireletso.<ref name=":0" />: 16 Puso e ne ya swetsa ka gore tsela ya go tshela ya batho ba ba nnang mo lefelong la CKGR ga e sa tlhole e tsamaisana le maikaelelo a lefelo leno le gore go tlamela ka ditirelo mo go lone go ne go le tlhwatlhwakgolo thata gore go ka tswelela pele go dirwa. Ka jalo puso e ne ya swetsa go fudusa botlhe ba ba nnang mo CKGR go ya kwa mafelong a a kwa ntle ga lefelo la tshireletso.<ref name=":0" />: 16 Le fa puso e gatelela gore batho ba ne ba fudusiwa ka boithaopo, Anaya o tlhalosa thulaganyo ya dipuisano e le "e e sa lekaneng" e bile o tlhalosa "go tshwenyega thata" malebana le gore a batho ba neilwe tetla ya go fuduga ka boithaopo. Go lebega go ile ga dirisiwa go tshwenya banni, go senya dikago tsa motheo, le go thibela go tsoma go dira gore banni ba tswe mo lefelong leno la tshireletso. Go ya ka The Guardian, go thibelwa ga go tsoma go go neng ga itsisiwe mo nageng yotlhe ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014), "go ne ga fedisa setso sa Ba-San sa dingwaga di le diketekete". Thibelo ya puso ya go tsoma ga e dire mo dirapeng tsa diphologolo tsa poraefete tse di direlang bajanala.<ref name=":10">Vidal, John (18 April 2014). [https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2014/apr/18/kalahari-bushmen-hunting-ban-prince-charles "Botswana bushmen: 'If you deny us the right to hunt, you are killing us'".] ''The Guardian''.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bobedi (2002), puso e ne ya emisa ditirelo tsotlhe go baagi ba CKGR, mme ya tswala lesoba le le neng le tlamela baagi ba lefelo la tshireletso ka metsi.<ref name=":0" />: 17 Fa e sale mo bogareng jwa dingwaga tsa bo1990, puso ya Botswana e tsentse tirisong pholisi ya go fudusetsa BaSan kwa ntle ga XamKhomani Heartland, lefatshe la bone la borraabonemogolo le le gaufi le CKGR go ya kwa mafelong a a sa tswang go tlhongwa jaaka New Xade.<ref>Moapare, Ketelelo (20 April 2016). [https://kalaharireview.com/new-xade-a-modern-village-in-an-ancient-land-b4387200eb65 "New Xade: A Modern Village in an Ancient Land".] ''The Kalahari Review''. Retrieved 25 May 2020 &#x2013; via Medium.</ref> Lebaka la semmuso la puso la go amogela pholisi e ya re: Fa nako e ntse e tsamaya go ne ga bonala sentle gore banni ba le bantsi ba CKGR ba ne ba setse ba le mo temothuong kgotsa ba ne ba eletsa go nna mo go yone, ba lema dijalo le go tlhokomela leruo go na le go nna batsomi fa lefelo leno le ne le tlhomiwa ka ngwaga wa 1961. Tota e bile, go tsoma le go tsoma go ne go sa tlhole go tlhokega gore ba kgone go tshela. Tiriso eno ya lefatshe la temothuo ga e tsamaisane le go somarela diphologolo tsa naga e bile ga e a tshwanela go dirisiwa mo Game Reserve. Se ke lebaka la botlhokwa la gore puso e fuduse baagi ba CKGR.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081226225956/http://www.gov.bw/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=59&Itemid=52 Question and Answer.] Government of Botswana Web Site</ref> Anaya o kwala gore le fa bangwe ba batho ba ba kileng ba nna kwa CKGR ba ile ba tlhopha go se boele kwa lefelong leno ka ntlha ya go tlhoka ditirelo, go akaretsa metsi, batho ba ba nnang mo lefelong leno ba ile ba tlhalosa gore ba eletsa go kgona go tsoma le go kgobokanya dijo, e re ka ditiro tseno e le karolo e e botlhokwa ya setso sa bone. Maikutlo a kgokagano e e boteng ya botho le lefatshe le le mo tshireletsong a ne a bonala mo bathong ba San ba ba nnang mo CKGR mmogo le mo go ba San le Bakgalagadi ba ba neng ba fudusetswa kwa ntle ga CKGR. Ditlhopha tsa bofelo di ne tsa supa keletso ya go boela kwa lefelong le le sireleditsweng le fa go na le dikgwetlho tsa go tshela koo.<ref name=":0" />: 18 Jumanda Gakelebone, mmueledi wa Ba-San kwa Botswana, o ne a bolelela The Guardian jaana: Re ile ra kgona go tshela ka diketekete tsa dingwaga mo go nngwe ya mafelo a a omeletseng thata mo lefatsheng mme ba re tshwara jaaka dieleele. Re batho ba ba ratang go tsoma le go kgobokanya, le fa go ntse jalo re a tshwarwa. Ga re a tshwanela go senya diphologolo tsa naga. Fa re bolaya phologolo e le nngwe re e ja kgwedi yotlhe. Ga re a letlelelwa go tsoma mme ba bangwe ba ka kgona.<ref name=":10" /> Setlhopha sa ditshwanelo tsa batho sa Survival International se nopola Gakelebone a re: Re sa ntse re le batsomi le barui. Re batla go itsiwe re le batho ba ba ratang go tsoma. Fa o re o se ka wa tsoma, go raya gore o se ka wa ja. Fa e le gore o tlile go thibela go tsoma, o tshwanetse go buisana le rona. O tlile go dira gore re nne batsomi ba ba se nang molao. Mme go tsoma ga go ise go ko go re amege ka go tsoma ka tsela e e seng kafa molaong. Re tsoma dijo.<ref>[http://www.survivalinternational.org/news/10675 "Legal analysis finds tribal peoples persecuted unjustly for 'wildlife crime'".] Survival International. 28 February 2015.</ref> Puso e ne ya ganela gore go fudusiwa gono go ne ga dirwa ka dikgoka.<ref>Advisory Group on Forced Evictions, United Nations Human Settlements Programme (2007). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=gbpwMRxCsegC&q=%22C.S+Maribe%22 Forced Evictions-- Towards Solutions?: Second Report of the Advisory Group on Forced Evictions to the Executive Director of UN-HABITAT]''. UN-HABITAT. p.&#x20;115. ISBN&#x20;<bdi>978-92-1-131909-5</bdi>.</ref>Tshwetso ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le pedi le borataro (2006) ya Kgotlatshekelo Kgolo ya Botswana e netefaditse, le fa go ntse jalo, gore banni ba ne ba tlositswe ka dikgoka le ka tsela e e seng ya molaotheo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20061220110621/http://www.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/africa/12/13/bushmen.reut/index.html "Botswana's bushmen get Kalahari lands back"]. CNN. 13 December 2006. Archived from the original on 20 December 2006. Retrieved 2006-12-13.</ref>Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya atlhola Roy Sesana le ba Bangwe v. Attorney General o ne a re balatofadiwa ba Ba-San, "ka dikgoka kgotsa ka tsela e e sa siamang le kwa ntle ga tumelelo ya bone", ba ne ba tseelwa lefatshe le ba neng ba le tsere ka fa molaong. Katlholo e ne ya supa dipolelo le ditiro tse di thulanang le tse di tlhakanyang tlhogo tsa puso.<ref name=":0" />: 17 Go ya ka Anaya, kgetsi eno "e bontsha gore puso e paletswe ke go buisana sentle le batho ba setso mo ditshwetsong tse di botlhokwa tse di ba amang le go tlotla ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa go nna le lefatshe le metswedi ya tlholego".<ref name=":0" />: 21 Baganetsi ba pholisi ya go fudusa ba bolela gore maikaelelo a puso ke go phepafatsa lefelo - lefelo le le lekanang le Denmark - ka kgwebo ya bojanala le meepo ya taemane. Baemedi ba puso ba boletse gore go letla le e leng baagi ba bannye go nna mo lefelong la diphologolo ga go tsamaelane le maikaelelo a lefelo la diphologolo tsa naga. Le fa go ntse jalo, Anaya o kwala gore tsela e puso e lebang kgang eno ka yone e lebega e sa dumalane le tshwetso ya yone ya go letla Gem Diamonds go epa diteemane mo lefelong leno. Tiro ya moepo e rulaganyeditswe go tsaya dingwagasome di le mmalwa mme e ka akaretsa go tsena ga badiri ba le makgolo a matlhano go ya go ba le sekete le makgolo a mabedi mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, go ya ka komponi ya meepo. Mmuso o ne wa bolela gore le fa go ne go dirilwe dipatlisiso, o ne wa swetsa ka gore moepo wa diteemane o ne o ka se kgonege le gore pholisi ya go fudusa e ne e sa amane ka gope le meepo.<ref>Miller, Jeff (5 September 2014). [http://www.diamonds.net/News/NewsItem.aspx?ArticleID=47921&ArticleTitle=Gem+Diamonds+Opens+Its+Underground+Ghaghoo+Mine "Gem Diamonds Opens Its Underground Ghaghoo Mine".] ''Rapaport | Diamonds.Net''.</ref>Le fa go ntse jalo, ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014) moepo wa Ghaghoo, o o neng o tsamaisiwa ke Gem Diamonds, o ne wa simolola go ntsha tshipi mo Central Kalahari Game Reserve. Jaaka go tlhalositswe ke karolo ya dikgang ya Rapaport Diamond Report, e leng buka e e kaelang ka ditlhotlhwa tsa madirelo a diteemane, "go bulwa ga Ghaghoo go ne ga baka dikganetsano ppka ntlha ya lefelo la yone mo lefatsheng la bagologolwane ba Ba-Bushmen". Mokaedi wa Survival International e bong Stephen Corry o ne a re fa moepo o bulwa: Boikemisetso jwa Botswana jwa go sireletsa dilo tsa tlholego bo bonala sentle. Puso e bua maaka fa e re go nna teng ga Ba-Bushman mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng ga go tsamaisane le go somarela diphologolo tsa naga, fa e ntse e letlelela moepo wa diteemane le go phuruphutsha go tswelela pele mo lefatsheng la bone.<ref>Miller, Jeff (4 September 2014). [http://www.diamonds.net/News/NewsItem.aspx?ArticleID=47914 "Botswana to Inaugurate Diamond Mine on Bushmen Ancestral Land".] ''Rapaport | Diamonds.Net''.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano (2005), John Simpson wa BBC News o ne a tlhalosa batho ba New Xade jaaka ba ba tshwerweng ke botagwa le malwetse a tlhakanelo dikobo, a re, "Fa puso ya Botswana e tsaya baeng ba dinaga di sele go ya kwa New Xade mo maetong a go batlisisa dintlha, e ba bontsha dikolo le ditliliniki tse di agetsweng Ba-Bushmen. Dibese tsa batho ba maemo a a kwa godimo di tsaya tsela e sele e le gore di se ka tsa ya kwa shebeens [dibareng]". Simpson a re o ne a belaela gore go fudusiwa ga batho go ne go tlhotlhelediwa ke dithulaganyo tsa go epa diteemane. <ref>Simpson John (2 May 2005). "[https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/4480883.stm Bushmen fight for homeland"]. ''BBC News''. Retrieved 22 June 2013.</ref> Mo lekwalong la ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano le le neng la gololwa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le motso, Moemedi wa United States kwa Botswana e bong Joseph Huggins o ne a kgala go ntshiwa ga batho ka dikgoka, a re: "Le fa gone go ka direga gore dingwaga di le pedi kgotsa di le tharo morago ga gore ba fuduge, masetlapelo a magolo a setse a fetile, gape go bonala sentle gore batho ba ile ba latlhelwa mo maemong a a sa itumediseng a itsholelo ba sa akanyetsa pele, e bile ba sa tshegediwa. GOB [Puso ya Botswana] e bontsha go tlhoka go akanya ka tsela e e gakgamatsang. GOB e leba New Xade jaaka lefelo le le tshwanang le mafelo a mangwe a a humanegileng a kwa magaeng, le le sa tshwanelwang ke go tshwarwa ka tsela e e kgethegileng. Mme matlhotlhapelo a a kgethegileng a batho ba ba ikaegileng ka New Xade ke gore a ka bo a ile a tilwa". <ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/world/us-embassy-cables-documents/29120 US embassy cables: Botswana's forced relocation of indigenous tribespeople condemned]". ''guardian.co.uk''. 20 January 2011. Retrieved 7 June2013.</ref> == Tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelo ya Makgaolakgang ya 2006 == Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ele lesome le boraro,ngwaga wa<ref>Beruea of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor. ''[https://2009-2017.state.gov/documents/organization/220296.pdf Botswana 2013 Human Rights Report]'' (PDF). United States Department of State.</ref> dikete tse pedi le borataro , Ba-San ba fentse katlholo ya ditsong mo kgetseng ya bona e telele ya kgotlatshekelo kgatlhanong le puso. Go ya ka mmueledi wa Ba-San e bong Gordon Bennett, "ga go na ope yo o neng a akanya gore Ba-Bushmen ba na le ditshwanelo dipe" pele ga phenyo ya bone ya kgotlatshekelo. "Ga go na ope yo o neng a amega". Kgetsi eno e ne ya atlholwa nakwana fela pele ga go amogelwa ga Maiphako a Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng a Ditshwanelo Tsa Batho ba Mamoseleme. Bakanoki ba tsa molao e bong [[Donald K. Anton]] le Dinah L. Shelton o kwala gore kgetsi e "e supa se bangwe ba se tsayang e le kgotlhang e e ka nnang teng magareng ga tshireletso ya tikologo le ditshwanelo tsa botho". <ref>[http://www.saflii.org/bw/cases/BWHC/2006/1.html Sesana and Others v Attorney General (52/2002)&#x5B;2006&#x5D; BWHC 1 (13 December 2006)".] ''saflii.org''. Southern African Legal Information Institute. Retrieved 10 May 2009.</ref> Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya atlhola ka bontsi jwa bobedi go ya go bongwe ya re go gana go letla Ba-Basarwa go tsena mo CKGR ba se na tetla, le go gana go ntsha dilaesense tse di kgethegileng tsa go tsoma go letla Ba-San go tsoma, go ne go le "kgatlhanong le molao e bile go sa dumalane le molaomotheong”.<ref>Dowell Katy (1 November 2010). "[http://www.thelawyer.com/gordon-bennett-the-go-to-tribal-rights-guy/1005945.article Gordon Bennett: the go-to tribal rights guy".] ''The Lawyer''. Retrieved 6 August 2013.</ref>Gape e fitlhetse gore Ba-San ba ne ba "kgaolwa dithoto tsa bone ka dikgoka le ka tsela e e seng tshiamo" ke puso. Baatlhodi ba le babedi mo go ba bararo ba ne ba bua ka go tlhoka maatla ga BaSan, bontlhanngwe e le ka ntlha ya kgethololo, e e feleletseng ka go bala le go kwala go go kwa tlase le maatla a mannye a sepolotiki kgotsa a ikonomi go na le merafe e mentsi. Baatlhodi ba ne ba swetsa ka gore tota le ditshwetso tsa boithaopo tsa go fuduga mo letlhakoreng la Ba-San di ne di sa ikaega ka tumelelo e e nang le kitso, ka ntlha ya bosupi jwa gore puso e ne e sa itsise Ba-San ka tshwanelo ka ga tuelo kgotsa tshwanelo ya bona ya go boela kwa lefelong la tshireletso morago ga go fuduga.<ref name=":1" /> Kgotlatshekelo ga e a pateletsa puso go tlamela ditirelo, jaaka metsi, go Ba-San ba ba neng ba boela kwa lefelong le le sireleditsweng. Go tloga ka ngwaga wa diketet tse pedi le borataro, go feta seketw ya BaSan ba ne ba ikaelela go boela kwa Central Kalahari Game Reserve, nngwe ya mafelo a tlhago a a sireleditsweng a magolo mo Afrika.<ref name=":11">[http://www.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/africa/12/13/insider.bushmen/index.html?iref=newssearch The insider's guide to the Kalahari Bushmen".] CNN. 14 December 2006. Retrieved 2006-12-13.</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, puso e ne ya tlhalosa molao ono ka tsela e e gagametseng, mme ke palo e e lekanyeditsweng fela ya Ba-San ba ba neng ba letlelelwa go boela kwa lefatsheng leno. Mmuso o ne gape wa batla gore bana le ba bangwe ba masika a bakopi ba ntlha mo kgetseng eno ba bone tetla ya go boela kwa nageng ya borraabonemogologolwane ba bone. <ref>Nyati -Ramahobo, Lydia. "[http://www.refworld.org/docid/496dc0c82.html Minority Tribes in Botswana: the Politics of Recognition".] Minority Rights Group International. Retrieved 24 June 2013.</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobed, Lekgotla la Ditšhaba tse di Kopaneng la Ditshwanelo tsa Botho (UNHRC) le ne la tshwaya phoso puso ya Botswana ka go se letle Ba-San ba ba rileng go boa, mmogo le go ganela Ba-Bushmen tshwanelo ya go tsoma mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, le fa ba dirisitse lefatshe leno go tsoma ka diketekete tsa dingwaga.<ref>Nieuwoudt Stephanie (29 May 2008). "[http://www.ipsnews.net/2008/05/development-botswana-of-tourists-bushmen-and-a-borehole/ Development–Botswana: Of Tourists, Bushmen – and a Borehole".] Inter Press Service.</ref> == Boikuelo kwa Kgotlatshekelong e tona == Ba-San ba le mmalwa ba tsere dikgato tsa semolao tse di ntšhwa go bula gape sediba sa metsi mo lefelong le le sireleditsweng, se se neng sa thibelwa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bobedi .<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le motho, Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo e ne ya naya Ba-Basarwa (Ba-San) tshwanelo ya go bula diforo tse disha kgotsa go epa diforo tse disha gore ba bone metsi a ba a dirisang mo malapeng. Pele ga go dirwa tshwetso eo, puso e ne ya thibela Ba-Basarwa go ya kwa didibeng, mme seo se ne sa dira gore ba se ka ba kgona go boela kwa legaeng la bone kwa CKGR. Morago ga katlholo, puso e ne ya neela badiri le metšhini ditetla tse di maleba tsa go tsena mo CKGR go epa mesima. <ref name=":11" /> 9 -10 Barrister Gordon Bennett o ne a emela Ba-San kwa kgotlatshekelo fa baatlhodi ba ne ba bolela fa puso ya Botswana e le molato wa go "tshwara batho ka tsela e e tlhabisang ditlhong" mme ba tlhalosa kgetsi e e le "kgang e e utlwisang botlhoko ya go boga ga batho le go itlhoboga". Mo godimo ga moo, Puso e ne ya laelwa go duela ditshenyegelo tsa boikuelo jwa Ba-San. <ref>[http://www.survivalinternational.org/news/6925 Victory for Kalahari Bushmen as court grants right to water]. Survival International. Retrieved 2012-01-29.</ref><ref>[http://assets.survivalinternational.org/documents/545/bushmen-water-appeal-judgement-jan-2011.pdf Judgement delivered 27 January 2011 --In the Court of Appeal of the Republic of Botswana Held at Lobatse"] (PDF). Retrieved 22 June 2013</ref> Go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le boraro , le fa go ntse jalo, puso e ne e santse e thibela batho ba San go bona metsi mo CKGR.<ref>Simpson John (25 October 2013). "[https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/hunted-by-their-own-government-the-fight-to-save-kalahari-bushmen-8904934.html Hunted by their own government – the fight to save Kalahari Bushmen".] ''The Independent''. London.</ref> Go ya ka patlisiso e e phasaladitsweng ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bobedi ke lekalana la Minority Rights Group International, mong wa moepo wa Gope Gem Diamonds o ne a tshwanetse go dira le banni ba CKGR gore ba tle ba solegelwe molemo ke moepo: kompone e ne e tshwanetse go epa mesima e le mene e mesha, go thapa banni, le go tlhoma trust ya setšhaba, mme go ne go epiwe mosima o le mongwe fela wa metsi kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga.<ref name=":11" /> == Kgotlhang ya ngwaga wa 2012 - 2013 == Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bobedi Ba-Basarwa ba ne ba ikuela kwa United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, ba kopa United Nations go pateletsa puso go amogela ditshwanelo tsa bone tsa lefatshe le didiriswa. Foramo e ne ya amogela ditlhopha tsa dikatlanegiso di le robongwe tse di neng di bua ka ditlamorago tsa go gapiwa ga lefatshe le go tseelwa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ba tlholegileng koo ke puso. <ref name=":11" />Go fudusiwa ga puso go ne ga tswelela mo ngwageng oo kwa kgaolong e e kwa bophirima ya Ranyane. Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le boraro, Kgotlatshekelo ya Makgaolakgang e ne ya atlhola gore puso e tshwanetse go emisa go fudusa malapa a a tswang kwa bothibelelong jwa Ranyane. Mekgatlho e e seng ya puso e ne ya bega gore puso e ne ya fudusa malapa a le mmalwa go tswa kwa Ranyane morago ga tshwetso ya Kgotlatshekelo tona mme ya bolela gore badiredi ba puso ba ne ba ikagela kwa Ranyane gore ba dire letsholo la go rotloetsa banni go fuduga go tswa kwa motseng wa bone, ka karolo ya go thibela go fitlhelela metsi a a leng one fela mo motseng.<ref name=":11" /> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le boraro babueledi ba batho ba Basarwa ba ne ba tsenya kgetsi kwa Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo e mo go yone baikuedi ba ntlha ba kgetsi ya CKGR ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro ba neng ba ikuela kwa pusong gore bana ba bone le ba masika ba tsene mo CKGR ba se na dithibelo (ke gore ba se na diphemiti). Kgetsi e ne ya kgaphelwa thoko ka mabaka a setegeniki, ka tetla e e neetsweng ke kgotlatshekelo ya go tsenya kopo e ntšhwa. Ka kgato e e neng ya tshwaiwa phoso ke setšhaba le metswedi ya dikgang ya selegae, puso e ne ya tsenya mmueledi wa bakopi ba Basarwa, moagi wa United Kingdom yo o amanang le Survival International, mo lenaaneng la batho ba ba tshwanetseng go dira kopo ya go bona visa ya go tsena mo nageng. Le fa puso e ne ya ganela ditatofatso tsa gore e ne e ikaeletse go thibela mmueledi go tswa mo lefatsheng, ga e a ka ya mo fa visa ka nako gore a kgone go nna le seabe mo tshekong ya Kgotlatshekelo e Kgolo ya kgwedi ya Phatwe. Mmueledi, Gordon Bennett, o ne a re, "Tshiamelo ya go sekisiwa ka tsela e e siameng gantsi e akaretsa tshwanelo ya go emelwa ke mmueledi yo o mo tlhophang. Ga go a nna jalo kwa Botswana, go lebega go ntse jalo,  kgotsa bonnye ga go a nna jalo fa o sekisa Puso".<ref>[http://www.survivalinternational.org/news/9397 Botswana bars Bushmen's lawyer as landmark case starts"]. Survival International. 2013-07-29. Retrieved 2014-02-19.</ref>Poso ya Facebook ya puso ya Botswana e ne ya bolela gore Lefapha la Bofaladi le ne le ganne kopo ya ga Bennett ya go fiwa visa, e e tlhalosang jaaka "e e rometsweng ka nako e khutshwane" Poso e e latelang ya Facebook e ne ya bolela gore Tona ya Badiri le Merero ya Selegae, Motlotlegi [[Edwin Batshu]], o ne a sireletsa kgato eno ka go re ke "mo dikgatlhegelong tsa pabalesego ya bosetšhaba". <ref>[https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=491079607641369&id=148228411926492 BWgovernment - PARLIAMENT REJECTS BENNET MOTION A motion..."] Facebook. Retrieved 2014-02-19.</ref>Tsheko e simolotse ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ele masome a mabedi le borobabongwe.<ref>[http://www.survivalinternational.org/news/9414 Bushmen court case begins".] Survival International. 29 July 2013. Retrieved 2014-02-19.</ref> == Metswedi == c1ygb55ljdeavez5pex0ep1c8evl3k2 0 14761 53594 53555 2026-07-29T22:06:14Z MmaBaggio 11091 53594 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tumelo ya Baháʼí mo Botswana''' e simolola morago ga gore [[ʻAbdu’l-Bahá]], yo ka nako eo e neng e le moeteledipele wa Tumelo ya Baháʼí, a kwale makwalo a a neng a rotloetsa go isa bodumedi jono kwa Afrika ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongweble lesome le borataro. Babulatsela ba ntlha ba Baháʼí ba ne ba goroga mo Botswana mo e ka nnang ka kgwei ya Phalane ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano la bone, koo ba neng ba nna ditsala le Maaforika a mantsi. Ditlhopho tsa ntlha tsa Khuduthamaga ya Sechaba ya Semoya ya Baháʼí kwa Botswana e ne e le ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le bosupa . Palo ya sechana ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe e bala Baháʼí ba ka nna makgolo a supa.<ref name=":6">[https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2005/51449.htm International Religious Freedom Report 2005: Botswana.] United States Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (September 14, 2005). ''This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.''</ref>Le fa go ntse jalo, Mokgatlho wa Dipolokelo Tshedimosetso tsa Bodumedi o ne wa akanyetsa gore go ne go na le Baháʼí ba ka nna dikete di le lesome le borataro le makgolo a matlhano mo Botswana go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome. == Legato la ntlha == === Matlapa a ga Abdu'l-Bahá a Thulaganyo ya Bomodimo === ʻAbdu’l-Bahá o ne a kwalela balatedi ba tumelo kwa United States motseletsele wa makwalo, kgotsa matlapanakwalelo, ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le borataro goya ko go wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le bosupa (1916–1917)makwalo ano a ne a kokoanngwa mmogo mo bukeng ya Matlapa a Thulaganyo ya Bomodimo. Ya borobedi le ya bolesomepedi ya matlapanakwalelo ano e ne e umaka Afrika mme e ne ya kwalwa ka kgwedi ya Moranang a le lesome le borobabongwe ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le borataro le ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ale lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bongwe ka go latelana. Le fa go ntse jalo, go gatisiwa ga yone go ne ga diega kwa United States go fitlha ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le borobabongwe—morago ga bokhutlo jwa Ntwa ya Lefatshe I le mokgotlhwane wa Spain. Matlapa ano a ne a ranolwa le go tlhagisiwa ke Mirza Ahmad Sohrab ka Moranang e tlhola gane ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le robabongwe , mme a gatisiwa mo makasineng wa Star of the West ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ele lesome le bobedi ngwaga wa,sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le robabongwe .<ref>Abbas, ʻAbdu'l-Bahá (April 1919). [https://bahai-library.com/abdulbaha_tablets_instructions_explanation ''Tablets, Instructions and Words of Explanation''.] Mirza Ahmad Sohrab (trans. and comments).</ref>ʻAbdu'l-Bahá o umaka go tsamaya ga ga Baháʼís "...bogolo jang go tswa kwa Amerika go ya kwa Yuropa, Afrika, Asia le Australia, le go tsamaya go ralala Japane le China. Fela jalo, go tswa kwa Jeremane barutisi le badumedi ba ka nna ba tsamaya go ya kwa dikontinenteng tsa Amerika, Aforika, Japane le China; ka bokhutshwane, ba ka nna ba tsamaya mo dikontinenteng tsotlhe le ditlhaketlhake tsa lefatshe le "bongwe jwa m"<ref>[[:en:ʻAbdu'l-Bahá|Abdu’l Bahá]] (1991) [1916-17]. ''[https://reference.bahai.org/en/t/ab/TDP/tdp-8.html.iso8859-1 Tablets of the Divine Plan]'' (Paperback&nbsp;ed.). [[:en:Wilmette,_Illinois|Wilmette, Illinois]]: US Baháʼí Publishing Trust. pp.&nbsp;47–59. [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-87743-233-3|ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>0-87743-233-3</bdi>]].</ref> neela bana botlhe ba batho botshelo jo bosha, mme motlaagana wa kagiso ya lobopo lotlhe o tlhomiwe mo setlhoeng sa Amerika ka jalo Yuropa le Aforika di ka tshedisiwa ka mewa ya Mowa o o Boitshepo, lefatshe leno le ka nna lefatshe le lengwe, sepolotiki sa mmele se ka fitlhelela boitumelo jwa sesha.<ref>[[:en:ʻAbdu'l-Bahá|Abdu’l Bahá]] (1991) [1916-17]. ''[https://reference.bahai.org/en/t/ab/TDP/tdp-12.html.iso8859-1 Tablets of the Divine Plan]'' (Paperback&nbsp;ed.). [[:en:Wilmette,_Illinois|Wilmette, Illinois]]: US Baháʼí Publishing Trust. pp.&nbsp;82–89. [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-87743-233-3|ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>0-87743-233-3</bdi>]].</ref> == Tshimolodiso ya Badumedi == Go tlhongwa ga baagi Bodumedi bo gorogile mo lefelong leno ka nako ya bokhutlo jwa motlha wa Bechuanaland Protectorate, naga e e neng e le teng pele ga bokoloniale, ka fa tlase ga Kopano ya Aforika Borwa. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le boraro Shoghi Effendi, tlhogo ya bodumedi morago ga loso lwa ga ʻAbdu’l-Bahá, o ne a rulaganya thulaganyo ya boditšhabatšhaba ya go ruta e e bidiwang Ntwa ya Bokeresete ya Dingwaga di le Lesome.<ref name=":0">National Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of South Africa (1997). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20080408202119/http://www.bahai.org.za/cm/node/19 Baháʼís in South Africa - Progress of the Baháʼí Faith in South Africa since 1911"]. ''Official Website''. National Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of South Africa. Archived from the original on 8 April 2008. Retrieved 2008-03-19</ref>Ka nako ya thulaganyo babulatsela ba ne ba fudugela kwa mafatsheng a le mantsi go akaretsa le Botswana go tswa kwa mafelong. Se e ne e le ka nako ya kgolo e e anameng ya bodumedi go ralala Aforika e e kwa Borwa jwa Sahara gaufi le bokhutlo jwa paka ya Bokoloniale jwa Aforika.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20071209082606/http://philtar.ucsm.ac.uk/encyclopedia/sub/geness.html Overview Of World Religions".] ''General Essay on the Religions of Sub-Saharan Africa''. Division of Religion and Philosophy, University of Cumbria. Archived from [http://philtar.ucsm.ac.uk/encyclopedia/sub/geness.html the original] on 2007-12-09. Retrieved 2008-04-16.</ref>Maikaelelo a go tlhoma go nna teng ga Baháʼí kwa Bechuanaland a ne a abelwa Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Iran e e neng e sa ntse e dira ka nako eo.<ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=03&page=863 Guardian's Message to the Africa Intercontinnental Conference".] ''Baháʼí News''(281): 1–3. March 1953. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Le fa go ntse jalo, ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ngwaa wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a malthano le borarogo goroga ga bosheng ga lelapa la ga Johnson go tswa kwa Amerika ka nako eo kwa Aforika Borwa go ne ga bona go goroga ga ga John le Audrey<ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=04&page=6 Pioneer Letters; Excerpts from Pioneer Letter to the Africa Teaching Committee; ''Johannesburg, March, 1954''".] ''Baháʼí News'' (281): 6. July 1954. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212].</ref>Robarts le morwawe Patrick le morwadie Nina go tswa kwa Canada ba ba neng ba thusiwa go fitlha kwa Mafeking<ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=03&page=1063 Pioneer Letters; Excerpts from Pioneer Letter to the Africa Teaching Committee; ''Edith and Lowell Johnson, Cape Town, South Africa''".] ''Baháʼí News''(280): 15. June 1954. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212].</ref>(ka nako eo kwa Bechuanaland) jaaka babulatsela ba Baháʼí kwa ba neng ba goroga teng ka kgwedi ya Phalame,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le bone <ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=04&page=64 Temple Land in Johannesburg".] ''Baháʼí News''(280): 4. October 1954. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>ba ne ba fetolwa go nna ba-Baháʼí. naga e e neng ya bona sereto sa Mogale wa Baháʼu’lláh go tswa go tlhogo ya Tumelo ya nako eo, e bong Shoghi Effendi.<ref name=":1">[https://news.bahai.org/story/356 Minister praises Baháʼí activities".] ''Baha'i World News Service''. Baháʼí International Community. 14 March 2005. Retrieved July 12, 2013.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le boraro go ne go na le dikopano di le pedi; ditlhopha di le supa, le leloko le le lengwe le le kgaoganeng.Ba lelapa la ga Robart ba ne ba tsene mo bodumeding jono ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mararo le borobabobedi mme fa go ne go tlhomiwa Kokoano ya ntlha ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Canada ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mane le borobabobedi , John o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetulo, e leng tiro e a neng a e dira go fitlha ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a mane le masome a matlhano le boraro fa ba ne ba fuduga.<ref name=":2">Paccassi Pat (August 2011). "[http://www.bahaihistorycaribbean.info/Hands_visits_to_St_Lucia_.pdf Visits of the Hands of the Cause of God to St. Lucia"] (PDF). ''Some information about the Hands of the Cause of God''.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le bone Seatla sa Lebaka, Musa Banani o ne a tlhoma John go nna Leloko la Boto e e Thusang mme lelapa le ne la ya loetong lwa bodumedi lwa Baháʼí. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano Lally Warren o ne a gakologelwa gore fa a ne a le ngwana yo monnye kwa Mafikeng go ne go sa tlwaelega go kopana le batho basweu ba ba neng ba mo itumedisa ka jalo o ne a dumela gore batho basweu botlhe ba bosula.<ref name=":1" />Seo se ne sa fetoga fa a kopana le lelapa la ga Robarts. <ref name=":3">[https://bahai-library.com/hassall_bahai_communities_country#16 Hassall Graham (2000). "Baháʼí Communities by Country: Research Notes".] ''Essays and short articles and Research notes''. Baháʼí Library Online</ref>"Ba ga Robart ba ne ba sa ntshware jaaka ngwana yo montsho, ba ne ba ntshwara jaaka ngwana," she said. O ne a gakologelwa fa a ne a le dingwaga di le lesome mme lelapa la ga Robarts le ne le tla kwa ntlong ya gagwe go tla go kopana le batsadi ba gagwe, James le Stella Moncho, banyalani ba ntlha ba lefelo leo go nna Baháʼí, "Ba ne ba kgona go dira seno fela bosigo, mme fa ba tla ba lebile ntlo ba ne ba tla tshuba dipone tsa bone tsa [koloi] le go di tima go re, 'Is can it... motlakase mo lefelong le lentsho mo malatsing ao ka jalo mmè o ne a tsaya lebone a bo a le ntsha ka fensetere a bo a le tsoka go re, 'Go siame, go babalesegile gore o tle.'"<ref name=":1" /> Lelapa la ga Robarts le ne la nna tsala le Modiri Molema, ngaka ya kalafi e e tlotlegang thata e bile e le ene fela montsho yo o neng a letleletswe go tsalana le basweu.<ref name=":1" /> Dr. Molema o ne a laletsa ditsala tsa gagwe le ba lelapa la gagwe go tla go utlwa ka bodumedi jono, mme o ne a naya lelapa la ga Robarts makwalo a go itsise Kgosi (dikgosi tsa setso) tsa Bechuanaland Protectorate. Dr. Molema o ne a sokologela mo bodumeding mme go ikwadisa ga gagwe ga go a ka ga itsisiwe phatlalatsa ka ntlha ya go ka tswa go ne go tshwenngwa ka ntlha ya go nna le seabe ga gagwe mo dipolotiking tsa maemo a a kwa godimo mo nakong e e fetileng. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le botlhano wa losika lwa gagwe, Stanlake Kukama, o ne a nna Motswana wa ntlha wa lefatshe la Bechuanaland go nna Mo-Baháʼí yo o boletsweng phatlalatsa. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano Kukama o ne a gakologelwa gore e ne e le molweladitshwanelo tsa tlhaolele, mme e ne e le leloko la lekoko la sepolotiki la Aforika Borwa, African National Congress mme o ne a tlhoile batho ba basweu ka ntlha ya boikutlo jwa bone ka Maaforika mme seo se ne sa fetoga fa a utlwa ka Tumelo ya Baháʼí go tswa mo lelapeng la ga Robarts: "Ka Iháíʼard the59. melaometheo ya Tumelo e ne e le tharabololo ya go [fitlhelela] kagiso le kutlwano mo bathong.... Ke ne ka lemoga gore basweu le bantsho botlhe ba ne ba sa bone boammaaruri, ba ne ba sena leitlho la moya Ka jalo, ke ne ka nna Mo-Baháʼí tharabololo ya go tshegetsa The National1. dingwaga di le dintsi ntle le katlego. Mapodise a ne a nna a mo beile leitlho le fa a sena go nna Mo-Baháʼí ka gonne ba ne ba sa dumele gore o tlogetse dipolotiki tsa lekoko. Moragonyana Rre Kukama o ne a direla dingwaga di le dintsi e le leloko la Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Baháʼí ba Bophuthatswana le ba Aforika Borwa.<ref name=":1" /> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le borataro Tumelo ya Baháʼí e ne e le teng ka dipalo tse dinnye go ralala mafatshena le lesome le botlhano a borwa jwa Afrika. Go tsamaisa merafe e go ne ga tlhophiwa ga khuduthamaga ya secahaba ya Semoya ya kgaolo mo Aforika Borwa Bophirima go ba akaretsa. <ref name=":4">Compiled by [http://bahai-library.com/handscause_statistics_1953-63&chapter=1 Hands of the Cause Residing in the Holy Land. "The Baháʼí Faith: 1844-1963: Information Statistical and Comparative, Including the Achievements of the Ten Year International Baháʼí Teaching & Consolidation Plan 1953-1963".] pp.&nbsp;25, 59.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le borataro John Robarts o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la yone.<ref name=":3" />Mo tshimologongbya ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le bosupa setšhaba sa Baháʼí se ne se le batho ba ba fa gare ga lesome le masome a mabedi mme sa nna karolo ya kokoano ya bosetšhaba ya kgaolo ya Afrika Borwa le Bophirima. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le boraro go ne go na le dikopano di le pedi; ditlhopha di le supa, le leloko le le lengwe le le kgaoganeng.<ref name=":2" /> Bokopano bo ne bo le kwa [[Lobatse]], le kwa [[Mahalapye]] le ditlhopha kwa [[Gaborone]], [[Ghanzi]], [[Kopong]], [[Mafeking]], [[Molepolole]], [[Morwa]], [[Serowe]], le Mobaháʼí yo o nosi kwa Moeng (e e gaufi le Dithaba tsa Tswapong).<ref name=":4" /> == Tlhabololo ya Sechaba == Morago ga loso lwa ga Shoghi Effendi, Ntlo ya Bosiamisi ya Lefatshe Lotlhe e e tlhophilweng e ne e le tlhogo ya bodumedi mme ya simolola go rulaganya sešwa merafe ya Baháʼí ya Aforika, go akaretsa le Botswana, ka go kgaoganya merafe ya bosetšhaba go bopa Dikokoano tsa bona tsa Bosetšhaba go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bone le fa e le ka dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bosuap kokoano e ntšhwa e e tlhophilweng ya kgaolo ya Aforika Borwa Bogare, ka nako eo e ne e akaretsa dinaga tsa Botswana, Malawi le Rhodesia.<ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=06&page=647 Newly-elected National Spiritual Assembly of South Central Africa…".] ''Baháʼí News'' (437): 11. August 1967. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212].</ref> a yone e ne e le: Willard Mahtunge, Florence Fat’he-Aazam, Esther Moncho, Esther Glauder, Brian Eames, Enayat Sohaili, Leonard Chiposi, Helen A. Hope, le John D. Sargent Sr. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa Sekolo sa Bašwa sa Bosetšhaba sa ntlha mo Botswana se ne sa tsenelwa ke bašwa ba feta masome a mararo, bagolo le barutabana.<ref>“[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=07&page=691 Botswana First Youth Institute"]. ''Baháʼí News''(477): 11. December 1970. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Morago ga dithuto banana ba ne ba etela metse e le meraro e e neng e rulagantswe pele ke kokoano ya setshaba ka tumelelo ya dikgosi tsa selegae kwa ba neng ba ntsha puo e e neng e amogetswe sentle e e neng e ba baakanyeditswe segolobogolo. Ka ntlha ya go amogelwa ga puo ba ne ba lalediwa kwa metseng e mengwe e merataro ke dikgosi tsa metse eo mme kgabagare ba tlhagisa bodumedi mo bathong ba ba ka nnang makgolo a supa ba ba neng ba le teng kwa dipuong tseo. Go ne ga begwa gape ka loeto lono mo radiong ya lefelo leo. Moragonyana Baháʼí ba ntlha go tswa kwa Ba-Bushmen le kwa Ba-Kgalagadi ba ne ba tsene mo bodumeding jono. Nako e ne ya goroga ya gore go tlhophiwe Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Baháʼí ya Botswana e e neng ya tlhophiwa ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa.<ref name=":5">[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=08&page=37 Progress Report of Botswana".] ''Baháʼí News''(492): 12–13. March 1972. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Maloko a yone mo ditlhophong tsa ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bongwe e ne e le:<ref name=":5" />Stanley Matenge, Esther Moncho, Isaac Kgang, Dennis Makiwa, Maureen Gruber, Robert Sarracino, Bogatlu Pheto, Jeffrey Gruber, le Broer Oageng. Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bongwe go ne ga dirwa dipuo tsa ntlha tsa phatlalatsa ka ga bodumedi kwa Gaborone mme tsa gasiwa mo Radio Botswana ka setlhogo se se reng "Ditumelo tsa Setso tsa Aforika le Kutlwano ya Madumedi a Lefatshe".<ref name=":5" />oTshekatsheko ya morafe e ne ya lemoga gore kokoano ya bosetšhaba le dikokoano tsa selegae di le tlhano di ne di tsentse le go kwadisa le puso. Go tswa foo kokoano ya bosetšhaba e ne ya nna beng ba semolao ba lefelo la bosetšhaba la Baháʼí. Mafelo a le masome a marataro le bosuap a ne a tsentswe mo bodumeding mme go ne go weditswe go ranolwa ga dikwalo dingwe tsa Se-Baháʼí. Dikgosi di ka nna masome a mane mo maemong a a farologaneng di ne di rometswe melaetsa ke kokoano ya bosetšhaba ka bodumedi jono. Go ne go etetswe metse e le masome a matlhano le bosupa mme go ne ga felela ka gore go nne le dikopano tsa bontsi. Go ne go na le babulatsela ba le banè fela ka nako eo. Motse wa Boneapitse o ne o lemogiwa e le bontsi jwa Baháʼí. Kokoano ya selegae ya Ba-Bush botlhe e ne ya tlhophiwa la ntlha kwa Tshasane ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bonedi.<ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=08&page=584 Bushman Assembly". ''B'']''aháʼí News'' (492): 6. February 1974. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Fa e tlhophiwa gape ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le boraro maloko a yone e ne e le: Ci-!Gau, !'ea, Titi, Diolo, Kaka, Mashipa, N!!g<nowiki>''</nowiki>ae-!Nobo, Baberi, Mpalo. Sekaka sa Kalahari (se se bontshiwang ka mmala o mohibidu) le Mogobedi wa Kalahari (mmala wa lamune) Sekolo sa ntlha sa bosetšhaba sa selemo se ne sa diragala ka kgwedi ya Morule ele masome a mabedi le borobabongwe go ya go ko go ya Hirikgonge tlhola bone ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le borobabongwe go ya ko ngwageng wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi- mme sa latelwa ke khonferense ya kgaolo ka ga go itsisiwe ga bodumedi ka botsayakarolo jwa Lobatse, Jwaneng, le Kanye mo godimo ga maloko a kokoano ya bosetšhaba le maloko a thuso ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole. Ka<ref>. ''Baháʼí News'' (594): 12. September 1980. ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.</ref> kgwedi ya Phatwe,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bongwe bokopano jwa ntlha ya boditšhabatšhaba ya Botswana e ne ya tsenelwa ke bagolo le bana ba le lekgolo le masome a matlhano go tswa kwa mafatsheng a le supa.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (599): 14. February 1981. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bone Baháʼís ba Gaborone ba ne ba tshwara dikopano di le mmalwa tsa phatlalatsa - e nngwe e ne e tlhomolola Letsatsi la UN le badiredibagolo ba le mmalwa ba toropo ba neng ba le teng kwa go lone, e nngwe e ne e le le Mogakolodi yo o etileng Hooper Dunbar e le yone e neng e begwa ke dikgang tsa thelebishene le radio.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (647): 15. February 1985. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le botlhano Baháʼí ba ne ba lalediwa kwa seminareng e e neng e bua ka ditumelo kwa Yunibesithing ya Batswana.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (654): 15. September 1985. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Bašwa ba feta lekgolo ba ne ba kopana kwa khonferenseng ya boditšhabatšhaba ya bašwa ka Phatwe e e neng ya bulwa ke motlatsamopresidente wa nako eo wa Botswana - [[Peter Mmusi]]<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (657): 14. December 1985. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Ngwaga oo gape e ne e le one fa Tsholofetso ya Kagiso ya Lefatshe Lotlhe ya Ntlo ya Bosiamisi e ne ya neelwa moporesidente wa nako eo wa Botswana, [[Quett Masire]]<ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=11&page=565 Governments receive peace statement".] ''Baháʼí News'' (659): 14. February 1986. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> <ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=12&page=228 The Promise of World Peace".] ''Baháʼí News''(683): 2–3. February 1988. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>mmogo le go ranolwa ka Setswana<ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=12&page=89 The Promise of World Peace"]. ''Baháʼí News''(675): 12. June 1987. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> jaaka karolo ya go keteka ka kakaretso Ngwaga wa Boditšhabatšhaba wa Kagiso wa UN.<ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=12&page=136 International Year of Peace (roll call of nations) - Botswana".] ''Baháʼí News'' (678): 3. September 1987. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Patlisiso ya maemo a boditšhabatšhaba a bodumedi ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bosupa e fitlhetse gore le fa Botswana e ne e na le dikopano tsa bosetšhaba le tsa selegae tse di neng di amogela semolao Malatsi a a Boitshepo a Baháʼí, manyalo le go gololwa mo lekgethong jaaka bodumedi di ne di sa amogelwe.<ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=12&page=106 Statistical Update - Worldwide recognition of the Faith"]. ''Baháʼí News'' (676): 11. July 1987. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Diketelo tsa Diatla tsa Lebaka Hands of the Cause ke setlhopha se se tlhophilweng sa Baháʼí, se se tlhomilweng botshelo jotlhe, se tiro ya sone e kgolo e neng e le go anamisa le go sireletsa bodumedi. Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bongwe Seatla sa Lebaka Adelbert Mühlschlegel e ne e le ene wa ntlha go etela Botswana.<ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=08&page=36 Hand of Cause visits Botswana"]. ''Baháʼí News''(683): 12–13. March 1972. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a ribabongwe le masome a supa le bongwe Seatla sa Lebaka Enoch Olinga o ne a etela naga mme a etela merafe e meraro e mesha le e e matlhagatlhaga thata ya Baháʼí mo Botswana - Ratholo le Bonwapitse (ka bobedi mo kgaolong ya Tswapong Hills), le Tsela ya Palla (e e bidiwang Dinokwe) kutlwano ya batho, tshenolo e e tswelelang pele, le gore bodumedi bo ne bo le teng mo dinageng di le dintsi tse di ka kwa ga mafatshe a bone le fa dibuka tsa sekolo di ne di sa umake bodumedi joo. Moragonyana o ne a neela puo ya phatlalatsa e e bidiwang "Tumelo ya Baháʼí le Thulaganyo ya Loago" le potsolotso ya radio kwa Gaborone kwa a neng a bua ka ditlhogo tse di farologaneng go tswa mo tlhalosong ya lefoko "Baháʼí", ditsong tsa bodumedi, kamano ya jone le Bokeresete le mathata a ditlwaelo tsa loago mo Aforika Borwa. Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome s supa le bobedi Seatla sa Lebaka Ruhiyyih Khanum o ne a etela lefatshe malatsi a ka nna masome a mabedi.<ref>Nakhjavani, Violette (April 1973). "[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=08&page=351 The Great Safari of Hand of the Cause Ruhiyyih Khanum, part 15"]. ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 16–21. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>O ne a kgatlhantshiwa sekgala sa oura go tswa kwa motseng wa Selebi-Phikwe ke mme yo mosha a na le losea lwa beke. Kwa metseng e le mmalwa go akaretsa le Seleka o ne a kopana le barutabana ba dikolo tsa selegae. O ne a akgola babulatsela ba ba neng ba le kwa magaeng go na le go kokoana mo motsemogolong. Kwa motseng o mongwe o ne a bua kwa kholetšheng ya katiso ya barutabana a ela tlhoko thuto ya Baháʼí ya go lekalekana ga bong le botlhokwa jwa bomme le barutabana, go fedisa go sa itse go bala le go kwala mme a re dikgang tsa tumelo ga di a ikaega ka go ithuta dibuka. Mo go Bonwapitse o ne a bua ka botlhokwa jwa thapelo, bokao jwa "Alláh'u'Abhá". Kwa Mmutlane o ne a bua ka kgang ya ditoro tse di amanang le Baháʼu’lláh le Báb. O ne a tswelela kwa metseng e mengwe mme a tshwantsha dikarabo tse di farologaneng tsa tumelo. Kwa Sekakeng sa Kalahari o ne a kopana le Ba-Bushmen fa e le ba le mmalwa fela ba ba neng ba tsene mo bodumeding go fitlha ga jaana ba solofetse gore bodumedi bo tla thusa go somarela dinonofo tsa bone tsa bonolo le bomolemo. Morago ga moo o ne a kopana le kokoano ya bosetšhaba bogolo jang ka kgang ya pono ya Baháʼí ya "therisano", ya gore madi a Baháʼí a tshwanetse go dirisiwa mo maikaelelong a a rileng a go itsise bodumedi. Kwa Lobatse o ne a bua kwa kholetšheng e nngwe ya ithutelo barutabana ka botlhokwa jwa banana. Motse wa bofelo e ne e le Tsholofelo e e Molemo kwa a neng a kopana le Baháʼí ba ntlha ba Botswana -Rre. le Mme Moncho. Ka kgwedibya Mopitlwe ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le borobabobedi Seatla sa Lebaka H. Collis Featherstone o ne a etela Botswana beke yotlhe a bua ka dikgopolo tsa Baháʼí ka ga ditlhogo tsa bodumedi mme a neela puo mo radiong.<ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=09&page=815 Botswana: Hand of the Cause visits"]. ''Baháʼí News'' (570): 13. September 1978. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Moranang John Robarts, yo o neng a tlhomiwa go nna Letsogo la Tiro ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le bosups, le mosadi wa gagwe Audrey ba ne ba boela mo Botswana. Ba ne ba etela metse e le mmalwa le ditsala tsa bone tsa bogologolo mme ba botsolodiwa mo Dikgannyeng tsa Botswana Daily le Radio Botswana.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 14. December 1981. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> == Dipolelo tsa Batho == Paula Rath o ne a nna kwa Botswana ka ngwaga wa 1972–73 le monna wa gagwe wa pele, Dick Graham jaaka babulatsela ba Baha'i mme a ne a tsamaisa lekwalodikgang le lennye le le bidiwang Puisano.<ref>Ratha Paula (March 27, 2013). "[http://paularath.com/2013/03/titi-my-bushman-friend-in-botswana/ Titi, my Bushman Friend in Botswana".] ''Blog … more than fashion''.</ref> Maureen Page e ne e le mokwaledi wa Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Ba-Baha'i ba Botswana dingwaga di le dintsi mme monna wa gagwe Jeff Gruber e ne e le moitseanape wa puo, a ithuta puo e e rileng ya Bushman. Jeff o ne a dira mo go tlhameng alefabete e e kwadilweng ya puo ya Se-Bushman e e neng e ise e ko e aroganngwe le go bewa ka dialefabete pele ga a dira le Mo-Bushman wa Kalahari yo o neng a bua Setswana sentle. Go ne ga dirwa dithanolo mme ka ngwags wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome s supa le boraro go ne ga dirwa buka ya dithapelo tsa Baháʼí (e e neng ya gatisiwa jaaka "Dithapelo tsa Baháʼí tse di kwadilweng ke Baháʼu'lláh, Bab le ʻAbdu'l-Baha,").<ref>translated by the Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of Botswana (1999) [1977]. [http://www.bahaiprayers.org/setswana/about.htm ''Dithapelo Tsa Baháʼí''(]online&nbsp;ed.). Local Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of Shoreline, Washington (USA). [[:en:Special:BookSources/99912-0-245-5|ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>99912-0-245-5</bdi>.]]</ref> Motshabi wa kwa Iran fa e sale ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masime a supa le borobabongwe, Yousef Mostaghim, le ba lelapa la gagwe ba ne ba tswelela go ema ditiro tsa Baháʼí nokeng fa ba ne ba fudugela kwa Gaborone, kwa Botswana dikgwedi di le mmalwa, mo e ka nnang ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le madome a robabobedi le bobedi pele ga ba nna kwa United States.<ref name=":7">[https://web.archive.org/web/20130504150733/http://www.bahai.us/2013/02/28/tributes-in-brief-r-portillo-y-mostaghim-p-stern-w-johnson-a-schurgast-e-varjavandi-f-otey-p-adlparvar-r-borah-g-sen/ Tributes in brief".] National Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of the United States. February 28, 2013. Archived from [http://www.bahai.us/2013/02/28/tributes-in-brief-r-portillo-y-mostaghim-p-stern-w-johnson-a-schurgast-e-varjavandi-f-otey-p-adlparvar-r-borah-g-sen/ the original] on May 4, 2013.</ref> [[Dwight W. Allen]] o ne a dira jaaka Mogakolodi wa Tlhabololo ya Badiri wa Kholetšhe ya Thuto ya [[Molepolole]] le Lefapha la Thuto, kwa Botswana, fa e ne e le Modirisanimmogo wa Patlisiso le Yunibesithi ya Puso ya Florida ka ngwaga wa1986–88.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121101232244/http://ww2.odu.edu/educ/dwallen/ResumeAllen.htm About Dr. Dwight W. Allen"]. Old Dominion University in Norfolk, Virginia, USA. Archived from [http://ww2.odu.edu/educ/dwallen/ResumeAllen.htm the origina]l on 2012-11-01.</ref><ref>[https://www.du.edu/con-res/newsletters/news-wi-2013/drallen.html Dr Douglas Allen, CRI Core Faculty & Director, IMBA program at DU's Daniel's College of Business"]. ''Faculty Spotlight''. Conflict Resolution Institute, University of Denver. 2005.</ref> Ash Hartwell e ne e le moithaopi wa pele wa Peace Corps mo diphatlhatirong tse di farologaneng mo Aforika mme morago a boela kwa United States. O ne a nna moithuti wa ga Dwight W. Allen ka go fetola dithulaganyo tsa thuto tsa yunibesithi, a ithuta le go tsenela Tumelo ya Baháʼí, mme morago ga moo a boela kwa Afrika. Kgabagare lelapa la gagwe le ne la fudugela kwa Botswana.<ref>Warren Odess-Gillett (February 6, 2006). "[http://www.bahaipodcast.com/archives.asp?pYrID=2006 Ash Hartwell (part 2)"]. ''A Baha'i Perspective''. Season 2006. Valley Free Radio.</ref>Fa a le koo o ne a nna le tshono ya go dirisana le Ba-Bushmen ba Kalahari ka nako ya maeto a a neng a lebisitswe mo Baháʼí mme a dira go laola thulaganyo ya go katisa barutabana ba thuto e e kwa godimo mo e ka nnang dingwaga di le tlhano pele a fetela kwa Egepeto.<ref>Warren Odess-Gillett (February 7, 2006). "[http://www.bahaipodcast.com/archives.asp?pYrID=2006 Ash Hartwell (part 3)"]. ''A Baha'i Perspective''. Season 2006. Valley Free Radio.</ref> Lally Warren e ne e le leloko la Boto ya Bagakolodi ba Kontinente mo Aforika go tloga ka ngwags wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le botlhano go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi mme o diretse bodumedi mo maemong a mangwe a mantsi.<ref name=":1" /> Ditlhopha tsa basadi tse di tswelelang Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le madime a supa le botlhano para ya basadi ba ba tswang kwa Rhodesia ba ne ba tsamaya mafelo a le mmalwa mo nageng ba tshwara dithuto tse di atolositsweng ka bodumedi mo mafelong a le mmalwa ba tsweletsa pele tiro ya basadi. Bobedi jo bo ne jwa kopanngwa ke basha ba le mmalwa ba lefelo leo.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 18–19. December 1975. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Eleruri, ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le borataro ditlelapa di le tlhano tsa tiro ya diatla tsa basadi ba Baháʼí di ne di dira ka thuso ya Iran Sohaili go tswa kwa Rhodesia.<ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=09&page=406 Clubs for Baháʼí women organized]". ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 2. December 1976. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Go ne ga nna le pokano e e neng ya tswelela ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le borobabobedi fa setlhotshwana sa Baháʼí se ne se ba etela beke yotlhe mme sa ba kgothaletsa go amogela mokgele wa go atolosa motse o o gaufi.<ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=09&page=738 Botswana: Deepening institute held]". ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 14. May 1979. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> == Bodumedi jwa Sesha == Fa e sa le bodumedi bo tlhongwa bo nnile le seabe mo tlhabololong ya loago le itsholelo go simolola ka go naya basadi kgololesego e kgolo,<ref name=":8">Momen Moojan. "[https://bahai-library.com/momen_encyclopedia_iran#9.%20Social%20and%20economic%20development History of the Baháʼí Faith in Iran]". ''draft "A Short Encyclopedia of the Baháʼí Faith"''. Bahai-library.com. Retrieved 2009-10-16.</ref>go itsise go rotloetsa thuto ya basadi jaaka tlhobaboroko e e tlang pele,<ref>Kimgdon,Geeta Gandhi (1997). "[https://bahai-library.com/kingdon_education_women_development Education of women and socio-economic development".] ''Baháʼí Studies Review''. '''7''' (1).</ref>mme go nna le seabe goo go ne ga newa tlhagiso e e mosola ka go tlhama dikolo, ditleliniki le dikoporasi tsa temothuo<ref name=":8" />Bodumedi bo ne jwa tsena mo kgatong e ntšhwa ya tiro fa molaetsa wa Ntlo ya Bosiamisi ya Lefatshe Lotlhe wa letlha la kgwedi ya Phalane ele masome a mabedi,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le boraro o ne o gololwa.<ref>Momen Moojan; Smith, Peter (1989). "[https://bahai-library.com/momen_smith_developments_1957-1988 The Baháʼí Faith 1957–1988: A Survey of Contemporary Developments".] ''Religion''. '''19''' (1): 63–91. [[doi:10.1016/0048-721X(89)90077-8]].</ref> Ba-Baháʼí ba ne ba rotloediwa go batla ditsela, tse di tsamaisanang le dithuto tsa Baháʼí, tse ka tsone ba neng ba ka nna le seabe mo go tlhabololeng loago le itsholelo ya merafe e ba nnang mo go yone. Lefatshe ka bophara ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le borobabongwe go ne go na le ditiro di le lekgolo le masome a mabedi le borobabongwe tsa tlhabololo ya loago le itsholelo tsa Baháʼí tse di neng di amogelwa semmuso. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bosupa1, palo ya diporojeke tsa tlhabololo tse di amogetsweng semmuso e ne e oketsegile go ka nna sekete,makgolo a mane le masome a robabobedi le bobedi == Ditiro tsa Banana == Tiro ya ntlha ya go ruta basha botlhe e e neng ya diragala kwa Botswana, le leeto la ntlha la go ruta la setlhopha le le neng la dirwa mo Tumelong mo nageng eo, le ne la diragala ka kgwedi ya Phatwe, ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa. Setlhopha sa banana ba ka nna lesome go ya go lesome le botlhano ba Baha'i, go akaretsa le White Dikhang, Patrick Masimolole, Godfrey Peterrrabisino N, T o ne a tsamaya go tswa Gaborone borwa go ya kwa tikologong e e dikologileng Lobatse, bophirima go ya Kanye, bokone go ya Molepolole, mme a boela kwa Gaborone, a bolela le go ruta Tumelo mo metseng e ka nna lesome le bobedi. Mo motseng mongwe le mongwe o o neng o etelwa ba ne ba ya kwa kgosing kgotsa kgosana ya motse mme ba kopa go bua le ba ba neng ba kokoane kwa kgotleng ya mo mosong, e leng kgotlatshekelo ya letsatsi le letsatsi e kgosi e neng e tla e tshwara mo motseng. Mo maemong otlhe setlhopha seno sa basha se ne sa amogelwa sentle, mme gantsi tlhagiso ya ntlha e ne e latelwa ke thulaganyo e e tshelang ya dipotso le motlotlo. Gareng ga ditiro tsa ntlha tsa tlhabololo mo Botswana e ne e le go simolola ka thulaganyo porojeke e kgolo ya "Ngwaga wa Tirelo ya Bašwa" e e neng e gokaganya ditiro tsa boithaopo le dikopano tse di nang le tlhokego e e tlhalositsweng.<ref>[[Look at programs around the world". Baháʼí News (505): 2–3. April 1988. ISSN 0195-9212.|A look at programs around the world"]]. ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 2–3. April 1988. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Se se ne sa atolosiwa ke lenaneo la go tlwaetsa bašwa mo ditsong tse di farologaneng tsa setso tsa Aforika.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 15. December 1988. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Go sa le jalo, kamogelo ya tiro ya puso ya bosetšhaba ya go tshegetsa ditshwanelo tsa batho e ne ya tlhagisiwa ke kokoano ya bosetšhaba - kwa kamogelong baemedi le konokono ya bodipolomate go tswa kwa mafatsheng a le mmalwa le UN. Moemedi wa lekgotla la Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng o ne a laletsa Ba-Baha’i le bone gore ba tshegetse mmogo go keteka Letsatsi la Lekgotla la Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng la ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi. Go ne ga tshwarwa khonferense ya boditšhabatšhaba ya banana ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe e kwa go yone batho ba le lekgolo le masome a mabedi go tswa kwa mafatsheng a le lesome le boraro ba neng ba le teng.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (706): 14. February 1990. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Ka Sedimonthole basha ba ba tswang kwa Transkei ba ne ba le gareng ga dikhwaere tse di neng tsa diragatsa kwa Moletlong wa Boditšhabatšhaba wa Mmino wa Baháʼí kwa Botswana.<ref>[http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=12&page=714 Baháʼí choir from..."] ''Baháʼí News'' (706): 16. March 1990. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Ka dingwaga tsa 1994–95, dikampa tsa banana di ne di ratwa thata mo Botswana kwa morafe o neng wa tshwara kampa ya ntlha ya banana mo lefatsheng. Ka beke e le nngwe, basha ba ne ba kokoana kwa Setheong sa Baháʼí kwa Mahalapye mme ba ithuta botshelo jwa ga Baháʼu’lláh, Kitab-i-Aqdas, le dithuto tsa bodumedi tse di jaaka boitsheko le lenyalo, le go sa sweng ga moya.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081205190222/http://info.bahai.org/article-1-9-2-8.html Baháʼí Youth: "A New Kind of People"".] Baháʼí International Community. 2013. Archived from [http://info.bahai.org/article-1-9-2-8.html the original] on 2008-12-05. Retrieved 2013-07-12.</ref>"Ke Mang yo o Kwalang Isagwe? Seminara ka ga Dikgang tsa Ngwagakgolo wa bo masome a mabedi le bongwe" ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi e e neng e tshwaretswe kwa khamphaseng ya Yunibesithi ya Botswana.<ref>[[Invitation and Program". Association for Baháʼí Studies in Southern Africa. March 2, 2000. Archived from the original on November 6, 2003.|Invitation and Program"]]. Association for Baháʼí Studies in Southern Africa. March 2, 2000. Archived from the original on November 6, 2003.</ref> Maiteko a a anameng Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe Tautona wa nako eo wa Botswana Festus Mogae o ne a akgola go gatisiwa ga dibuka tsa Baháʼí ka puo ya Setswana ya lefatshe.<ref>[http://news.bahai.org/story/130 President of Botswana praises publication of Baháʼí books in native Setswana language".] ''Baháʼí World News Service''. Baháʼí International Community. 27 February 2001. Retrieved July 12, 2013.</ref>E nngwe e ne e le buka ya dithapelo tsa Baháʼí mo kgatisong ya yone ya boraro e e nang le thanolo e e tlhabolotsweng mme e nngwe e ne e le Mafoko a a Fitlhegileng a ga Baháʼu'lláh (e e gatisitsweng jaaka "Mafoko a Subhied a ga Baháʼu'lláh".) Buka ya dithapelo<ref name=":7" />e ka bonwa mo inthaneteng mahala. Tona ya pusoselegae ya Botswana, Margaret Nasha, o ne a akgola ditiro tsa morafe fa a ne a bua ka jubile ya one ya gauta e e neng e tshwerwe ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone.<ref name=":1" /> Baháʼí ba ba tswang kwa Botswana ba ne ba le gareng ga batho ba le sekete ba ba neng ba kokoane kwa khonferenseng ya kgaolo e e neng e biditswe ke Ntlo ya Bosiamisi ya Lefatshe Lotlhe e e neng e tla tshwarelwa kwa Johannesburg, Aforika Borwa, ka kgwedi ya Ngwanaitseele ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi.<ref>[[:en:Baháʼí_International_Community|Bahá í International Community]] (2008-11-23). "[https://news.bahai.org/community-news/regional-conferences/johannesburg.html The Johannesburg Regional Conference".] ''Baháʼí International News Service''.</ref> == Batho ka Bongwe ka Bongwe == Robert Sylvester o goletse mo Mokatoliking kwa Amerika mme a sokologela mo bodumeding joo ka dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa.[56] Ene le mosadi wa gagwe ba ne ba fudugela kwa Zambia moragonyana mo dingwageng tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa9, <ref>Warren Odess-Gillett (July 21, 2008). "[http://www.bahaipodcast.com/archives.asp?pYrID=2008 Robert Sylvester".] ''A Baha'i Perspective''. Season 2008. Valley Free Radio.</ref>koo a neng a bereka gone kwa sekolong sengwe mme a direla mo setšhabeng sa Baháʼí koo. Morago ba fudugela kwa Botswana. O ne a tla direla jaaka Mogokgo (Mokhuduthamaga) wa Sekolo sa Boditšhabatšhaba sa Westwood kwa Gaborone, Botswana go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi. Mo go yone nako eo o ne a direla gape mo ditheong dingwe tsa bodumedi-a tlhomilwe kwa Setheong sa Katiso sa Leruri sa Baháʼaí kwa Botswana mo botong ya sone ya bakaedi ba nako e e fetileng (109) Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Baháʼí ba Botswana (1999-2000) mme morago ga moo ba boela kwa United States.<ref>Sylvester Robert F. "[https://webhost.bridgew.edu/rsylvester/bahai.rtf Vita of Robert F. Sylvester".]</ref> Shahin Lockman le monna wa gagwe ba ne ba dira diphatlhatiro di le mmalwa tsa kalafi go akaretsa le kwa Botswana.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150107061113/http://www.aids.harvard.edu/news/spotlight/archives/v7i3_shapiro_lockman_profile.html Drs. Roger Shapiro and Shahin Lockman - Partners in Research & Parenting"]. ''News & Publications, Spotlight newsletter''. HAI - Harvard School of Public Health AIDS Initiative. Fall 2010. Archived from [http://www.aids.harvard.edu/news/spotlight/archives/v7i3_shapiro_lockman_profile.html the original] on 2015-01-07. Retrieved 2013-07-12.</ref>Lockman o ne a dira ka bolwetse jwa thiibi mo Botswana. Fa a ne a etetse koo lekgetlo la ntlha ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borataro , o ne a gapa tlhokomelo ya bolwetse jo bongwe: HIV/AIDS. Bobedi jwa bone ba ne ba feleletsa ba dirile mo tekong ya ntlha ya kalafi ya tirisanommogo ya Setheo sa AIDS sa Botswana le Harvard ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi. Sean Hinton, leloko la Foramo ya Tiro ya Baeteledipele ya Setheo sa Aspen, o ne a dira jaaka motshegetsi le motlhotlheletsi wa porojeke ya go tsibosa batho ka HIV/AIDS e e bidiwang Letsema la Itlotlo (e e akanyeditsweng ke matsalaagwe Gerald le Lally Warren) go rotloetsa phetogo mo maitsholong a a dirang gore go anamisiwe HIV/AIDS ya setso mo Botswana . ditekanyetso tse di amanang le tumelo ya bodumedi jaaka maatla a phetogo ya maikutlo.<ref>[http://www.aspenleadersactionforum.org/user/149 About Sean Hinton"]. ''Action Forum Participants''. The Aspen Institute. August 1, 2013</ref>Go ne ga amogelwa dithuso tse pedi tsa go simolola go tswa kwa De Beers Botswana le go tswa kwa Ofising ya Tlhabololo ya Loago le Ikonomi ya Setšhaba sa Boditšhabatšhaba sa Baháʼí. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe Lucretia Warren, modulasetulo wa Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Baháʼí ba Botswana le leloko la nako e e fetileng la Boto ya Bagakolodi ba Kontinente ya Baháʼí ya Aforika,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130511195110/http://www.bahai.org.au/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=FmRQn-twNOk%3d&tabid=156 International Baháʼís to address Parliament"]. ''Australian Baháʼí Report''. '''13''' (3): 1–2. October 2009. Archived from [http://www.bahai.org.au/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=FmRQn-twNOk%3D&tabid=156 the original] on May 11, 2013. Retrieved July 12, 2013</ref> o ne a tlhagisa kwa Palamenteng ya gagwe ya boraro<ref>Khosravi Beman (1 August 2004). "[https://www.bahaicouncil-ni.org.uk/comm/96/pwr.htm Parliament of the World's Religions"]. ''CommuNIqué'' (96). Retrieved July 12, 2013.</ref>ya Madumedi a Lefatshe e e neng e tshwerwe kwa Melbourne le phanele ya " ya Aforika".<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130511195057/http://www.bahai.org.au/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=zdnOesmjNQE%3d&tabid=156 Baháʼís contribute to inter-faith Parliament".] ''Australian Baháʼí Report''. '''14''' (1): 4–5. February 2010. Archived from the original on May 11, 2013. Retrieved July 12, 2013.</ref> Dipalopalo Mokgatlho wa Diakhaefe tsa Tshedimosetso ya Bodumedi (o o ikaegileng thata ka Saetlopedia ya Lefatshe Lotlhe ya Bokeresete) o ne wa fopholetsa gore go na le Baháʼí ba ka nna 16 500 ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210302132059/https://www.thearda.com/QL2010/QuickList_40.asp QuickLists: Most Baha'i (sic) Nations (2010)".] ''[[:en:Association_of_Religion_Data_Archives|Association of Religion]] Data Archives''. 2010. Archived from [https://www.thearda.com/QL2010/QuickList_40.asp the original] on 2021-03-02. Retrieved 2020-10-14.</ref>Le fa go ntse jalo palo ya batho ya bosetšhaba ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe e bala Baháʼí ba ka nna makgolo a supa.<ref name=":6" />Maloko a morafe mongwe le mongwe a fopholetsa gore dipalo tseno di ne di nyatsa dipalo tsa bone ka go farologana.<ref name=":6" /> == Metswedi == frtldr4gb722ixv1dke6r5je024m0u8 0 14767 53560 2026-07-29T13:28:22Z Lucrucia98 12161 #Wikipedia25BW ke ranotse tsebe ya Botsalano jwa Botswana le Korea Bokone 53560 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Botsalano jwa Botswana -North Korea''' ({{Korean|hangul=보쯔와나공화국-조선민주주의인민공화국 관계}})e kaya botsalano jwa gone jaana le tsa ditso magareng ga [[Botswana]] le [[Democratic People's Republic of Korea]] (DPRK), e e itsegeng jaaka North Korea. Mafatshe a mabedi pedi ga di ise di ko di nne le kemedi mo metsemegolong ya tsona fa e sale go emisiwa ga dikamano tsa sedipolomate ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014).<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150106001946/http://www.gov.bw/en/Ministries--Authorities/Ministries/Ministry-of-Foreign-Affairs-and-International-Cooperation/News/BOTSWANA-CUT-TIES-WITH-NORTH-KOREA/ "Botswana Cuts Ties with North Korea".] ''www.gov.bw''. Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation. 20 February 2014. Archived from the original on 6 January 2015. Retrieved 5 January 2015.</ref> == Ditso == Dinaga tse pedi di ne tsa simolola dikamano tsa sedipolomate ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e le masome a mabedi le bosupa ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bone (1974), ka nako ya Ntwa ya Molomo. <ref>[[:en:Yonhap|Yonhap News Agency]] (2002). ''North Korea Handbook''. Seoul: M. E. Sharpe. p.&#x20;967. ISBN&#x20;<bdi>076-563-523-2</bdi>.</ref>Moeteledipele wa ntlha wa Botswana yo o ikemetseng, [[Tautona Seretse Khama]], o ne a dira loeto lwa semmuso kwa Pyongyang magareng kgwedi ya Phatwe e le borobabongwe le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le borataro (1976). <ref>''Asian Almanac''. V.T. Sambandan. 1997. p.&#x20;8140 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botswana%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations#cite_note-3]</ref>Ka nako ya ketelo, ene le mosadi wa gagwe ba ne ba kopana le Kim Il Sung, yo o neng a ba rulaganyetsa mokete. <ref>''Summary of World Broadcasts: Far East, Part 3''. London: [[:en:BBC|British Broadcasting Corporation. 1976.]]</ref>Go begwa fa Khama a ne a gakgamatsa ba ba neng ba mo amogetse ka go tshameka di-billiard, ka nako nngwe a ne a ralala tafole ya pool a le mo maemong a a sa siamang.<ref>Rotberg, Robert I. (2012). ''Transformative Political Leadership: Making a Difference in the Developing World''. Chicago: [[:en:University_of_Chicago_Press|University of Chicago Press.]] p.&#x20;86. ISBN&#x20;<bdi>978-022-672-898-8</bdi>.</ref> Mo masimologong a dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi (1980), batlhatlheledi ba le mmalwa ba metshameko ya go lwa ba kwa Korea Bokone ba ne ba laelwa go thapisa Tirelo ya Sepodisi sa Botswana mo ntweng e e senang dibetsa. Ba kwa North Korea ba ne ba tswa kwa Botswana ka bonako fela morago ga go goroga, go bonala e le ka ntlha ya go tlhotlheletsa baofisiri kgatlhanong le baokamedi ba bone, le go leka go ba tlhatswa pelo gore ba batle tiro ya sepodisi ya temokerasi.<ref>Franklin, Derek Peter (1996). ''A Pied Cloak: Memoirs of a Colonial Police Officer (special Branch), Kenya, 1953-66, Bahrain, 1967-71, Lesotho, 1971-75, Botswana, 1976-81''. [[:en:Cambridge|Cambridge:]] Janus Publishing Company. p.&#x20;157. ISBN&#x20;<bdi>185-756-294-1</bdi>.</ref> Mo dinakong tsa segompieno, baagi ba kwa Korea Bokone ba ba tswang kwa khampaning ya puso ya Mansudae Overseas Projects ba agile Segopotso sa Dikgosi tse Tharo, se se kwa [[Gaborone]], se se bontshang dikgosana tse tharo tsa merafe. Sefikantswe se, se se tlhomilweng ke Tautona [[Festus Mogae]] ka kgwedi ya Lwetse kangwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano (2005), e ntse e le motswedi wa dikganetsano.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150106003601/http://www.sundaystandard.info/article.php/article.php?NewsID=19583&GroupID=1 "North Korea built Three Dikgosi Monument Bashi Letsididi".] ''Sunday Standard''. Gaborone. 30 March 2014. Archived from the original on 6 January 2015. Retrieved 5 January 2015.</ref>Botswana gape e lekile go thapa baitseanape ba tsa kalafi ba kwa Korea Bokone go tlaleletsa tsa bone. <ref>Connell, John (2010). ''Migration and the Globalisation of Health Care: The Health Worker Exodus?''. Cheltenham: [[Edward Elgar Publishing]]. p.&#x20;213. ISBN&#x20;<bdi>978-184-980-518-6</bdi>.</ref> Mmuso wa Botswana o ne wa emisa tirisanommogo ya dinaga tse pedi le DPRK ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e le masome a mabedi le borataro ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le boraro (2013) ka ntlha ya matshwenyego ka ga maemo a ditshwanelo tsa botho kwa Korea Bokone.<ref>Piet, Bame (26 March 2013). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/botswana-suspends-dealings-with-north-korea/news "Botswana suspends dealings with North Korea".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 13 January 2023.</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014) e ne ya tswelela ka tsela eno, ka go fedisa dikamano tsotlhe tsa sedipolomate le tsa kwa bogorogelong le Korea Bokone morago ga pego ya United Nations Commission of Inquiry on Human Rights in North Korea. Le fa Botswana e ne e kgala puso, e ne ya supa "go utlwela botlhoko go tswa pelong" batho ba kwa Korea Bokone.<ref name=":0" /><ref>[https://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/botswana-breaks-ties-with-north-korea/4j6mdwz55 "Botswana breaks ties with North Korea".] ''SBS News''. 20 February 2014. Retrieved 13 January 2023.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014) go ne ga begwa gore baemedi ba kwa Korea Bokone ba ne ba dirisitse puo ya tlhaolele kgatlhanong le Charles Thembani Ntwaagae, moemedi wa leruri wa Botswana kwa lekgotleng la Ditšhaba tse di Kopaneng, ba mmitsa "mosotoma yo montsho".<ref>Oakford, Samuel (24 October 2014). [https://www.vice.com/en/article/sources-say-north-korean-representatives-used-racist-slur-at-united-nations/ "Sources Say North Korean Representatives Used Racist Slur at United Nations".] ''Vice News''. New York City. Retrieved 5 January 2015.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015) fa Tautona Ian Khama a ne a le kwa Seoul, o ne a botsolodiwa ke Yonhap News mme a bolela fa ba sa tlhole ba na le kgatlhego mo dikamanong tsa sedipolomate le Korea Bokone, a bua ka go gatakwa ga ditshwanelo tsa botho le go tshosetsa kagiso ya Botlhaba jo bo Kgakala ke puso ya sesole. Mo godimo ga moo, poresidente yono yo o ratang temokerasi o ne a kgala badiredi ba puso ya Korea Bokone. Khama o ne a tlhalosa pono ya gagwe ka naga e e itsegeng ka go tlola ditshwanelo tsa botho ka go re: "Baeteledipele ba Bokone ba lebega jaaka e kete ba tshela mo Motlheng wa Letlapa".<ref>[http://www.yonhapnews.co.kr/bulletin/2015/10/23/0200000000AKR20151023161000043.HTML 보츠와나 대통령 "北 인권후퇴, 관계유지 가치 없었다" | 연합뉴스 {{in lang|ko}}] - October 23, 2015</ref> == Metswedi == pghfgle4u3sf7br9xlk54q4gz98h52m 0 14768 53565 2026-07-29T14:03:54Z JudithShe 9421 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1363678674|National Development Bank of Botswana]]" 53565 wikitext text/x-wiki '''National Development Bank of Botswana''', ( '''NDB Botswana''' ) ke banka ya puso ya tlhabolo setshaba mo [[Botswana]] . <ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=Gobe Memo |date=26 July 2020 |title=Botswana: NDB to Reposition As an Agri-Bank |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/202007270506.html |access-date=29 July 2020 |format=via [[AllAfrica.com]]}}</ref> == Lefelo == Ofisikgolo le lekalana le legolo la NDB Botswana di kwa 161 Queens Road, mo kgaolong ya dikgwebo e e fa gare ya Gaborone, toropokgolo ya Botswana. Banka e na le makalana a diofisi kwa [[Francistown]], [[Maun]] le [[Palapye]] . <ref name="3R">{{Cite web |last=National Development Bank of Botswana |date=29 July 2020 |title=Offices and Branch Locations of National Development Bank of Botswana |url=https://www.ndb.bw/introduction |access-date=29 July 2020 |publisher=National Development Bank of Botswana}}</ref> Ditekanyetso tsa lefatshe tsa ofisikgolo ya banka ke 24°39'25.0"S, 25°55'07.0"E (Bophara:-24.656944; Boleele:25.918611). == Kakaretso == NDB Botswana ke motheo wa madi o o tlhabololang setshaba. Le ntswa e thusa ka tsa madi mo ditirelong tsotlhe tsa tlhabololo itsholelo, go simoloa ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi, e itebagantse le go thusa go tlhabolola tsa temothuo le go netefatsa gore go na le tshireletsego ya dijo mo Botswana. <ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=Gobe Memo |date=26 July 2020 |title=Botswana: NDB to Reposition As an Agri-Bank |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/202007270506.html |access-date=29 July 2020 |format=via [[AllAfrica.com]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFGobe_Memo2020">Gobe Memo (26 July 2020). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202007270506.html "Botswana: NDB to Reposition As an Agri-Bank"] <span class="cs1-format">(via [[AllAfrica.com]])</span>. ''Botswana Daily News''. Gaborone<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Go simologa Mopitlo a le masome a mararo le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bosupa, dithoto tsotlhe tsa banka e di ne di le tsa madi a dipula a le bilone e le nngwe, didikadike di le makgolo a mane masome a mane le bone, dikete di le makgolo a supa, masome a matlhano le borobabobedi (didikadike tsa madi a di dolara di le lekgolo masome a mararo le borobabobedi), ka seabe sa bana le seabe sa didikadike di le makgolo a matlhano, masome a robabobedi le bosupa, dikete di le makgolo a mane, masome a mane le bone (didikadike tsa di dolara di le masome a matlhano le bobedi). <ref name="1R">{{Cite web |last=National Development Bank of Botswana |date=16 August 2017 |title=NDB Botswana Annual Report For The Year Ended 31 March 2017 |url=https://www.ndb.bw/sites/default/files/downloads/THE%20NDB%20ANNUAL%20REPORT%20FINAL.pdf |access-date=28 July 2020 |publisher=National Development Bank of Botswana}}</ref> == Ditso == National Development Bank of Botswana e tlhamilwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le boraro ka molao wa palamente. Maikaelelo magolo a yone ke go thusa mohama wa dikgwebo wa Botswana ka ditirelo tsa madi. Maikaelelo a yone a bobedi ke go bona dipoelo tse di kgotsofatsang mo matloleng a bana le seabe. <ref name="5R">{{Cite web |last=National Development Bank of Botswana |date=28 July 2020 |title=Introduction to National Development Bank of Botswana |url=https://www.ndb.bw/introduction |access-date=28 July 2020 |publisher=National Development Bank of Botswana}}</ref> == Mong wa yone == Banka e ke ya [[puso ya Botswana]] ka botlalo . <ref name="5R">{{Cite web |last=National Development Bank of Botswana |date=28 July 2020 |title=Introduction to National Development Bank of Botswana |url=https://www.ndb.bw/introduction |access-date=28 July 2020 |publisher=National Development Bank of Botswana}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFNational_Development_Bank_of_Botswana2020">National Development Bank of Botswana (28 July 2020). [https://www.ndb.bw/introduction "Introduction to National Development Bank of Botswana"]. Gaborone: National Development Bank of Botswana<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> == Lekgotla la baokamedi == Go simolola ka Phukwi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le masome a mabedi, ba ba latelang ba robabongwe, ba ne ba tlhama lekgotla la bokamedi jwa banka e: <ref name="6R">{{Cite web |last=National Development Bank of Botswana |date=28 July 2020 |title=Board Members of National Development Bank of Botswana |url=https://www.ndb.bw/board-members |access-date=28 July 2020 |publisher=National Development Bank of Botswana}}</ref> 1. Wilfred Mpai: [[Chairman|Modulasetilo]] 2. Patricia M. Makepe: Motlatsa Modulasetilo 3. Mendel Ngoni Nlanda: Mookamedi o e seng wa khuduthamaga 4. Olefile K. Mokatse: Mookamedi o e seng wa Khuduthamaga M Nyacuma 6. Gerald N. Nthebolan: Mookamedi o e seng wa Khuduthamaga 7. Onthusitse M. Mosiakgabo: Mookamedi o e seng wa Khuduthamaga 8. Oganeditse Marata: Mookmedi o e seng wa Khuduthamaga le 9. Colleen M. Motswaiso: Mookamedi o e seng wa Khuduthamaga. <ref name="6R" /> == Botsamaisi jo bo kwa godimo == Mookamedimogolo, o okametse batsamaisi ba bangwe ba robabongwe ba bagolo. Go simolola ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le masome a mabedi, mookamedimogolo ke Mme Lorato Morapedi. <ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=Gobe Memo |date=26 July 2020 |title=Botswana: NDB to Reposition As an Agri-Bank |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/202007270506.html |access-date=29 July 2020 |format=via [[AllAfrica.com]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFGobe_Memo2020">Gobe Memo (26 July 2020). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202007270506.html "Botswana: NDB to Reposition As an Agri-Bank"] <span class="cs1-format">(via [[AllAfrica.com]])</span>. ''Botswana Daily News''. Gaborone<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> == Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe == * [[Lekgotla la babereki ba National Development Bank]] * Banka ya Tlhabololo ya Aforika * Banka ya Tlhabololo ya Uganda e e Lekanyeditsweng * Banka ya Tlhabololo ya Kenya * [[Lekgotla le le okametseng Makgetlho la Botswana|Lekgotla le le okametseng makgetho la Botswana]] * Lenaane la dibanka tsa tlhabololo ya ditshaba == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} bd5t5ryg7kk66k90ykptzgjz3zcotmx 53566 53565 2026-07-29T14:08:02Z JudithShe 9421 Ke tsentse infobox mo tsebeng e #Wikipedi25BW 53566 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox company|name=National Development Bank of Botswana|image=National Development Bank of Botswana.jpg|type=ya puso|industry=Tsa Madi|founded=1963|hq_location=161 Wueens Road, [[Gaborone]] [[Botswana]]|key_people=[[Wilfred Mpai]] modulasetilo [[Lorato Morapedi]] mookamedimogolo|products=Diporojeke tsa temothuo, matlo, thuto, thekiso, kgwebo le madirelo|owner=[[Puso ya Botswana]]|website=https://www.ndb.bw/}} '''National Development Bank of Botswana''', ( '''NDB Botswana''' ) ke banka ya puso ya tlhabololo setshaba mo [[Botswana]]. <ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=Gobe Memo |date=26 July 2020 |title=Botswana: NDB to Reposition As an Agri-Bank |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/202007270506.html |access-date=29 July 2020 |format=via [[AllAfrica.com]]}}</ref> == Lefelo == Ofisikgolo le lekalana le legolo la NDB Botswana di kwa 161 Queens Road, mo kgaolong ya dikgwebo e e fa gare ya Gaborone, toropokgolo ya Botswana. Banka e na le makalana a diofisi kwa [[Francistown]], [[Maun]] le [[Palapye]] . <ref name="3R">{{Cite web |last=National Development Bank of Botswana |date=29 July 2020 |title=Offices and Branch Locations of National Development Bank of Botswana |url=https://www.ndb.bw/introduction |access-date=29 July 2020 |publisher=National Development Bank of Botswana}}</ref> Ditekanyetso tsa lefatshe tsa ofisikgolo ya banka ke 24°39'25.0"S, 25°55'07.0"E (Bophara:-24.656944; Boleele:25.918611). == Kakaretso == NDB Botswana ke motheo wa madi o o tlhabololang setshaba. Le ntswa e thusa ka tsa madi mo ditirelong tsotlhe tsa tlhabololo itsholelo, go simoloa ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi, e itebagantse le go thusa go tlhabolola tsa temothuo le go netefatsa gore go na le tshireletsego ya dijo mo Botswana. <ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=Gobe Memo |date=26 July 2020 |title=Botswana: NDB to Reposition As an Agri-Bank |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/202007270506.html |access-date=29 July 2020 |format=via [[AllAfrica.com]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFGobe_Memo2020">Gobe Memo (26 July 2020). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202007270506.html "Botswana: NDB to Reposition As an Agri-Bank"] <span class="cs1-format">(via [[AllAfrica.com]])</span>. ''Botswana Daily News''. Gaborone<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Go simologa Mopitlo a le masome a mararo le motso ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bosupa, dithoto tsotlhe tsa banka e di ne di le tsa madi a dipula a le bilone e le nngwe, didikadike di le makgolo a mane masome a mane le bone, dikete di le makgolo a supa, masome a matlhano le borobabobedi (didikadike tsa madi a di dolara di le lekgolo masome a mararo le borobabobedi), ka seabe sa bana le seabe sa didikadike di le makgolo a matlhano, masome a robabobedi le bosupa, dikete di le makgolo a mane, masome a mane le bone (didikadike tsa di dolara di le masome a matlhano le bobedi). <ref name="1R">{{Cite web |last=National Development Bank of Botswana |date=16 August 2017 |title=NDB Botswana Annual Report For The Year Ended 31 March 2017 |url=https://www.ndb.bw/sites/default/files/downloads/THE%20NDB%20ANNUAL%20REPORT%20FINAL.pdf |access-date=28 July 2020 |publisher=National Development Bank of Botswana}}</ref> == Ditso == National Development Bank of Botswana e tlhamilwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le boraro ka molao wa palamente. Maikaelelo magolo a yone ke go thusa mohama wa dikgwebo wa Botswana ka ditirelo tsa madi. Maikaelelo a yone a bobedi ke go bona dipoelo tse di kgotsofatsang mo matloleng a bana le seabe. <ref name="5R">{{Cite web |last=National Development Bank of Botswana |date=28 July 2020 |title=Introduction to National Development Bank of Botswana |url=https://www.ndb.bw/introduction |access-date=28 July 2020 |publisher=National Development Bank of Botswana}}</ref> == Mong wa yone == Banka e ke ya [[puso ya Botswana]] ka botlalo . <ref name="5R">{{Cite web |last=National Development Bank of Botswana |date=28 July 2020 |title=Introduction to National Development Bank of Botswana |url=https://www.ndb.bw/introduction |access-date=28 July 2020 |publisher=National Development Bank of Botswana}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFNational_Development_Bank_of_Botswana2020">National Development Bank of Botswana (28 July 2020). [https://www.ndb.bw/introduction "Introduction to National Development Bank of Botswana"]. Gaborone: National Development Bank of Botswana<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> == Lekgotla la baokamedi == Go simolola ka Phukwi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le masome a mabedi, ba ba latelang ba robabongwe, ba ne ba tlhama lekgotla la bokamedi jwa banka e: <ref name="6R">{{Cite web |last=National Development Bank of Botswana |date=28 July 2020 |title=Board Members of National Development Bank of Botswana |url=https://www.ndb.bw/board-members |access-date=28 July 2020 |publisher=National Development Bank of Botswana}}</ref> 1. Wilfred Mpai: [[Chairman|Modulasetilo]] 2. Patricia M. Makepe: Motlatsa Modulasetilo 3. Mendel Ngoni Nlanda: Mookamedi o e seng wa khuduthamaga 4. Olefile K. Mokatse: Mookamedi o e seng wa Khuduthamaga M Nyacuma 6. Gerald N. Nthebolan: Mookamedi o e seng wa Khuduthamaga 7. Onthusitse M. Mosiakgabo: Mookamedi o e seng wa Khuduthamaga 8. Oganeditse Marata: Mookmedi o e seng wa Khuduthamaga le 9. Colleen M. Motswaiso: Mookamedi o e seng wa Khuduthamaga. <ref name="6R" /> == Botsamaisi jo bo kwa godimo == Mookamedimogolo, o okametse batsamaisi ba bangwe ba robabongwe ba bagolo. Go simolola ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ngwaga wa dikete pedi le masome a mabedi, mookamedimogolo ke Mme Lorato Morapedi. <ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=Gobe Memo |date=26 July 2020 |title=Botswana: NDB to Reposition As an Agri-Bank |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/202007270506.html |access-date=29 July 2020 |format=via [[AllAfrica.com]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFGobe_Memo2020">Gobe Memo (26 July 2020). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202007270506.html "Botswana: NDB to Reposition As an Agri-Bank"] <span class="cs1-format">(via [[AllAfrica.com]])</span>. ''Botswana Daily News''. Gaborone<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> == Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe == * [[Lekgotla la babereki ba National Development Bank]] * Banka ya Tlhabololo ya Aforika * Banka ya Tlhabololo ya Uganda e e Lekanyeditsweng * Banka ya Tlhabololo ya Kenya * [[Lekgotla le le okametseng Makgetlho la Botswana|Lekgotla le le okametseng makgetho la Botswana]] * Lenaane la dibanka tsa tlhabololo ya ditshaba == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} j6hstq2irccx88m34e370u8p2l1523g 0 14769 53567 2026-07-29T14:22:07Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Jorge Duarte #Wikipedia25BW 53567 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jorge Miguel Costa Duarte''', a itsege mo mafatsheng a mangwe a [[Aferika|Aforika]] ka leina la '''Miguel da Costa''', ke mookamedi wa dithopha tsa kgwele ya dinao wa Mopotokisi o labofelo a neng a okametse setlhopha sa AI-Ittihad (kwa [[Tripoli]]).<ref>[https://www.abola.pt/nnh/2020-12-12/a-africa-de-jorge-duarte/871339 "A África de Jorge Duarte".] abola.pt</ref> == Botshelo jwa a le mmotlana == Duarte o simolotse go tshameka kgwele ya dinao a le mmotlana.<ref>[https://defesadeespinho.sapo.pt/2021/11/06/jorge-duarte-treinador-de-futebol-quero-continuar-a-fazer-coisas-em-equipas-que-nao-estejam-a-espera-que-os-titulos-acontecam/ "Jorge Duarte (treinador de futebol): "Quero continuar a fazer coisas em equipas que não estejam à espera que os títulos aconteçam"".] sapo.pt</ref> Fa tshameka e le monana, Duarte o ne a nna bontlha jwa sekolo sa banana sa kgwele ya dinao sa [[Portugal]] sa Porto.<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20200922012454/https://maisfutebol.iol.pt/estorias-made-in/made-in/tem-dois-nomes-foi-campeao-no-uganda-e-e-lider-no-botswana "Tem dois nomes, foi campeão no Uganda e é líder no Botswana".] iol.pt (Archived). Archived from the original on 2020-09-22.</ref> Morago ga go bona dikgobalo, o ne a simolola tiro ya gagwe ya go etelela pele ditlhopha.<ref>[https://www.espinho.tv/noticias/a-conversa-com-jorge-duarte-treinador-de-futebol "À CONVERSA COM… JORGE DUARTE"]. espinho.tv.</ref> == Tiro ya gagwe ya go okamela ditlhopha == Mo Aforika, Duarte o itsege ka leina la Miguel da Costa.<ref>[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/score/where-did-it-all-go-wrong-for-title-winning-da-costa--1769270 "Where did it all go wrong for title winning Da Costa?".] monitor.co.ug.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bosupa, Duarte o ne a thapiwa e le mookamedi wa setlhopha sa [[Uganda]] sa vipers.<ref>[https://observer.ug/sports/miguel-da-costa-remains-right-man-for-vipers-sc-if/ "Miguel Da Costa remains right man for Vipers SC".] observer.ug.</ref> O ne a thusa setlhopha seo go fenya kgaisano ya liki.<ref>[https://www.espn.com/soccer/uganda/story/3510152/vipers-title-win-was-no-fluke-miguel-da-costa "Vipers' title win was no fluke - Miguel da Costa"]. ''espn.com''.</ref> le fa gpo ntse jalo, mokgwa wa go tshameka wa setlhopha se mo taolong ya gagwe o ne o supiwa o sa kgatlhe.<ref>[https://thesportspearl.com/2023/01/13/what-does-success-look-like-for-a-foreign-manager-at-vipers/ "What Does Success Look Like for a Foreign Manager at Vipers?".] thesportspearl.com.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabobedi o ne a tlogela setlhopha seo.<ref>[https://www.pmldaily.com/sports/2018/07/even-a-kagame-cup-triumph-could-not-have-saved-da-costa.html "Why coach Da Costa was axed by Vipers SC". p]mldaily.com.</ref> Morago ga foo, o ne a thapiwa go okamela setlhopha sa [[Botswana]] sa [[Setlhopha sa kgwele ya dinao sa Jwaneng Galaxy F.C.|Jwaneng Galaxy]].<ref>[https://www.mmegi.bw/sport/da-costa-pleads-for-more-foreigners-in-teams/news "Da Costa Pleads for more foreigners in teams"]. mmegi.bw.</ref> O ne a fiwa tiro ya go fenya liki ke setlhopha.<ref>[https://www.thegazette.news/sport/two-bulls-in-one-kraal-a-recipe-for-disaster/ "Two 'bulls' in one kraal, a recipe for disaster?"]. thegazette.news.</ref> O thusitse setlhopha go fenya liki ya sone ya ntlha.<ref name=":0" /> Morago ga foo, o ne a thapiwa e le mookamedi wa setlhopha sa [[Libya]] sa AI-Ittihad (Tripoli).<ref>[https://www.pressreader.com/portugal/correio-da-manha-weekend/20210130/283527978488696 "Jorge Duarte, "OS TREINOS SÃO ASSISTIDOS POR CINCO MIL PESOAS"" &#x2013;] via pressreader.com.</ref> O na le teseletso ya bokatisi ya UEFA B.<ref>[https://kawowo.com/2017/03/08/not-vacation-says-new-vipers-coach/ "I am not here on a vacation, says new Vipers Coach"]. kawowo.com.</ref> == Metswedi == o9bnjk78iyew6egnzebh5kqyb2aze34 0 14770 53571 2026-07-29T15:07:48Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Ngwaga wa 2015 mo Botswana #Wikipedia25 53571 wikitext text/x-wiki Tse di latelang ke ditiragalo tse di diragetseng ka ngwagwa wa dikete pedi lesome le botlhano mo [[Botswana]]. == Baeteledipele ba nako eo == * Tautona: [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama]] * Mothusa tautona:[[Mokgweetsi Masisi]] == Ditiragalo == === Ngwanatsele === * Ngwanatsele a le lesome le boraatro - teemane ya bobedi ka botona mo lefatsheng ka bophara ya seelo sa maemo a ntlha, [[Lesedi La Rona]], e upololwa kwa [[Moepo wa diteemane wa Karowe|moepong wa diteemane wa Karowe]] kwa bokone jwa [[Gaborone]] ke kompone ya diteemane ya Lucara.<ref>Henderson, Barney (19 November 2015). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/botswana/12004705/Second-largest-gem-quality-diamond-ever-found-recovered-in-Botswana.html "Second largest gem quality diamond ever found recovered in Botswana".] ''The Daily Telegraph''. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> == Metswedi == ndoqnmgow6q9nn3hxvgn5sdxt3pv7x2 0 14771 53572 2026-07-29T15:24:40Z JudithShe 9421 ke ranotse tsebe ya Ngwaga wa 2017 mo Botswana #Wikipedia25BW 53572 wikitext text/x-wiki Ditiragalo tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bosupa mo [[Botswana]]. == Baeteledipele ba nako eo == * Tautona: [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama]] * Mothusa Tautona:[[Mokgweetsi Masisi]] == Ditiragalo == * Moranang a le malatsi a mararo - thoromo ya lefatshe ya bokete jwa 6.5 e diragetse kwa kgaolong ya legare la [[Botswana]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170409201154/http://www.news24.com/Africa/News/strong-65-magnitude-quake-strikes-botswana-20170403 "Strong 6.5-magnitude quake strikes Botswana".] ''News24''. 3 April 2017. Archived from [https://www.news24.com/Africa/News/strong-65-magnitude-quake-strikes-botswana-20170403 the original] on 9 April 2017. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Ka Lwetse ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bosupa, kgotlatshekelo e kgolo ya Botswana e ne ya atlhola gore go gana go fetola bong jwa monna o o iphetotseng bong ga mokwadisi wa lefatshe go "gataka ditshwanelo tsa gagwe tsa molaomotheo tsa go nna le seriti, sephiri, kgololesego ya puo, tekatekano ya tshireletso ya molao, kgololesego mo go tlhaolweng le kgololesego mo go tshwarweng ka tsela e e seng ya setho".Balwela ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ba ratanang ka bong bo bo tshwanang ba ne ba ipelela katlholo e ba e tlhalosa e le phenyo e kgolo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190621164818/https://allafrica.com/stories/201710090073.html "Botswana: Activists Celebrate Botswana's Transgender Court Victory".] Archived from [https://allafrica.com/stories/201710090073.html the original] on 2019-06-21. Retrieved 29 july 2026</ref><ref>[https://www.southernafricalitigationcentre.org/2017/09/29/press-release-botswana-high-court-rules-in-landmark-gender-identity-case/ Press Release: Botswana High Court Rules in Landmark Gender Identity Case]</ref> Pele, puso ya Botswana e ne ya itsise fa e tlaa ikuela ka katlholo e, mme morago ba e boela morago ka Morule, ba neela monna o o iphetotseng bong sesupo se sesha se se supang bong jwa gagwe.<ref>[http://www.mambaonline.com/2017/12/06/sweet-closure-botswana-agrees-recognise-trans-man/ “Sweet closure” as Botswana finally agrees to recognise trans man,] ''Mambaonline''</ref> Tsheko e e tshwanang, e mosadi o o iphetotseng bong a neng a batla go fetola bong jwa gagwe go nna mosadi, e ne ya reediwa ka Morule ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bosupa. Kgotlatshekelo kgolo e ne ya atlhola gore puso e tshwanetse go lemoga bong jwa gagwe.<ref>[https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/botswana-gaborone-transgender-identity-lgbt-rights-legabibo-court-law-a8114991.html "Botswana to recognise a transgender woman's identity for first time after historic High Court ruling". i]ndependent.co.uk. 18 December 2017. Archived from the original on 2022-05-01.</ref> O ne a re o tshwaela phenyo e motho mongwe le mongwe mo Botswana o o farologanang ka bong. [[Setshwantsho:QuettMasire1980 (cropped).jpg|thumb|200x200px|[[Quett Masire]]]] == Dintsho == * Moranang a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi - Gofaone Tiro, motshameki wa kgwele ya dinao<ref>[https://soka25east.com/?p=41114 "Township Rollers' Gofaone Tiro collapses and dies".] 28 April 2017. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * Moranang a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe - [[Herbert Nkabiti]], motshameki wa mabole (o o tshotsweng ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabobedi le motso).<ref>[http://africa.espn.com/espn/story/_/id/19278150/botswana-boxer-herbert-nkabiti-died "Botswana boxer Herbert Nkabiti has died".] ''Kwese.espn.com''. 30 April 2017. Retrieved 29 July 2026</ref> * seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le bobedi - [[Quett Masire]], mopolotiki (o o tshostweng ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabaongwe masome a mabedi le botlhano) == Metswedi == ecoxnfrb1aroc298jbihbx8gvuack5r 0 14772 53579 2026-07-29T19:27:49Z Lucrucia98 12161 #Wikipedia25BW ke ranotse tsebe ya Buka ya Kutlwano 53579 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Buka ya Kutlwano''' (e e itsiweng gape jaaka Kutlwano) ke makasine wa Botswana o o tlhomilweng ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bobedi (1962) ke Puso ya Botswana o o nang le dikgang tsa mebaraka, dipholisi tsa puso, boitlosobodutu le ditlhogo tse di kgethegileng.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210420141501/http://www.kutlwano.gov.bw/kut-content.php?cid=11 Kutlwano Magazine - Botswana .:: History ::"]. ''www.kutlwano.gov.bw''. Archived from the original on 20 April 2021. Retrieved 20 April 2021.</ref><ref>[https://www.sundaystandard.info/kutlwano-magazine-still-in-circulation-molale/ Kutlwano magazine still in circulation – Molale".] ''Sunday Standard''. 12 February 2015. Retrieved 20 April 2021.</ref>E gatisitswe mmogo le Daily News Botswana.<ref>[https://www.gov.bw/sale-goods-and-services/sale-kutlwano-magazine Sale of Kutlwano Magazine".] ''Government of Botswana''.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210420135959/http://www.kutlwano.gov.bw/kut-content.php?cid=10 Kutlwano Magazine - Botswana .:: Strategic Elements ::".] ''www.kutlwano.gov.bw''. Archived from the original on 20 April 2021. Retrieved 20 April 2021.</ref> == Metswedi == 5wj9kot55cv4i4mc702gm604jd1z6zi 0 14773 53580 2026-07-29T19:41:20Z Lucrucia98 12161 #Wikipedia25BW ke ranotse tsebe ya Mokgatlho wa Botswana wa go Thibela go Sotliwa ga Diphologolo 53580 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Botswana Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals''' (BSPCA) ke mokgatlho o o sa direng poelo mo Botswana o o ineetseng go sireletsa diphologolo tsa Botswana.<ref>[https://english.news.cn/20220720/66afbb34a7734ebf9d83c4d77cfbcdfc/c.html (Hello Africa) Botswana nursery provides welfare for neglected animals-Xinhua".] ''english.news.cn''. Retrieved 27 October 2024.</ref><ref>[http://www.china.org.cn/world/Off_the_Wire/2022-07/19/content_78331232.htm Feature: Botswana nursery provides welfare for neglected animals - China.org.cn".] ''www.china.org.cn''. Retrieved 27 October 2024.</ref> BSPCA e ikgapile mo go tlhokomeleng le go netefatsa boitekanelo jwa diphologolo tsa mo ditoropong jaaka dintša le dikatse tse di latlhegileng.<ref name=":0">[https://www.bignewsnetwork.com/news/272625391/feature-botswana-nursery-provides-welfare-for-neglected-animals "Feature: Botswana nursery provides welfare for neglected animals".] ''Big News Network.com''. Retrieved 23 January 2025.</ref><ref>[https://rr-africa.woah.org/app/uploads/2019/11/animal_welfare_summary.pdf "ANIMAL WELFARE IN OIE MEMBER COUNTRIES & TERRITORIES IN THE SADC REGION Summaries of baseline country assessments"] (PDF).</ref><ref name=":1">https://www.pressreader.com/vietnam/viet-nam-news/20220731/281779927879632. Retrieved 29 January 2025 &#x2013; via PressReader</ref>BSPCA e na le ntlokgolo kwa [[Gaborone,]] motsemogolo wa naga.<ref name=":0" /><ref>[https://wfa.org/appdev/directory/entry/14706 "World Federation for Animals"]. ''wfa.org''. Retrieved 27 October 2024.</ref><ref name=":2">International, Animal-Kind (17 December 2022). [https://www.animal-kind.org/post/botswana-spca-completes-their-grant-project "Botswana SPCA successfully completes their grant project!"]. ''AKI''. Retrieved 23 January 2025</ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi (2022), mookamedi wa yona wa bosetšhaba ke Kenneth Ditshweu.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1" /> == Metswedi == 7i9wuvpbdw38ugaq82matkyjlt16x9i 0 14774 53581 2026-07-29T19:49:35Z Lucrucia98 12161 #Wikipedia25BW ke ranotse tsebe ya Mpho Balopi 53581 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpho "Poster" Balopi''' (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e le bongwe ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le borobabongwe (1969) ke radipolotiki wa Motswana, ramatlotlo le rakgwebo yo o ntseng e le Tautona wa [[Botswana Democratic Party]] go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025).<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/TheVoiceBW/videos/balopi-wins-bdp-presidency/1732373867682046/ ''Balopi wins BDP presidency | By The Voice Newspaper Botswana | Facebook''.] Retrieved 11 May 2025 &#x2013; via www.facebook.com.</ref>E ne e le Leloko la Palamente ya Gaborone Bokone go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019) go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024). O ne a direla mo Kabineteng ya ga Rre Masisi jaaka Tona ya Ditiro, Tlhagiso ya Badiri le Tlhabololo ya Bokgoni go tloga ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele wa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019) go fitlha a tlogela tiro mo Kabineteng ka Sedimonthole wa 2021 morago ga kgotlhang le [[Mokgweetsi Masisi.]] <ref>Basimanebotlhe, Tsaone (24 December 2021). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/balopi-quits-cabinet-expected-to-resign-as-bdp-secretary-general/news "Balopi quits Cabinet, expected to resign as BDP Secretary General".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 11 May 2025.</ref><ref>[https://www.gov.bw/sites/default/files/2020-03/PRESS%20RELEASE%20-CABINET%20APPOINTMENTS.pdf "PRESS RELEASE: CABINET APPOINTMENTS"] (PDF). ''Government of Botswana''. Retrieved 16 January 2021.</ref> == Metswedi == krh82hkgciziqcslkv7ridlz9e9m8mu 0 14775 53583 2026-07-29T20:18:02Z Lucrucia98 12161 #Wikipedia25BW ke ranotse tsebe ya Lekgotla la Botswana Predator Conservation Trust 53583 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Botswana Predator Conservation Trust''' (BPCT), e e neng e bidiwa Botswana Wild Dog Research Project ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe (1989), e ne ya atologa go tswa go go tlhokomela go sireletsa dintša tsa naga go akaretsa mefuta yotlhe e megolo ya di-carnivore kwa [[Botswana.]] == Tlhaloso == Botswana Predator Conservation Trust ke nngwe ya diporojeke tse di tsereng lobaka lo loleele go gaisa tsotlhe tsa go dira dipatlisiso ka dibatana tse dikgolo mo Afrika, e bile ke nngwe ya diporojeke di le mmalwa fela tsa mofuta ono mo lefatsheng lotlhe. Patlisiso ya BPCT e e dirilweng mo dintšheng tsa naga e bontshitse sentle gore botsogo le boitekanelo jwa diphologolo tsotlhe tsa naga ke sesupo sa botlhokwa sa botsogo jwa tikologo ya Botswana. [[Puso ya Botswana]], e bile e lemoga gore tsamaiso e e maleba le e e tlhokegang ya metswedi e ka se ka ya dirwa fa go se na tshedimosetso e e nepagetseng ka ga metswedi ya yone ya tlholego, e neetse BPCT tiro ya go etelela pele maiteko a Botswana bokone a tshomarelo le patlisiso ya diphologolo tsotlhe tse dikgolo tse di jang nama le mafelo a di nnang mo go one mo nageng eo. == Dipatlisiso ka Okavango Delta == Kgaolo ya [[Okavango Delta]], e go dirwang bontsi jwa dipatlisiso tsa BPCT kwa go yone, ke lefelo le le nang le metsi a a phepa le le le botlhokwa mo lefatsheng lotlhe. Ke lefelo le le sireleditsweng le legolo go a gaisa otlhe mo lefatsheng ka ntlha ya Tumalano ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Ramsar ka ga Mafelo a a bongola, mme e ne ya fiwa maemo a IUCN a boswa jwa lefatshe ke [[World Conservation Union (IUCN)]].<ref>Smith, Carol (June 25, 2014). [https://ourworld.unu.edu/en/iconic-okavango-delta-becomes-1000th-world-heritage-site "Iconic Okavango Delta Becomes 1,000th World Heritage Site - Our World".] ''ourworld.unu.edu''. United Nations University.</ref> == Metswedi == mctmlzwqwizbw9z5l50bjns553o8kcw 0 14776 53584 2026-07-29T20:35:40Z Lucrucia98 12161 #Wikipedia25BW ke ranotse tsebe ya Mokgatho wa Rugby union mo Botswana 53584 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Motshameko wa rugby''' kwa [[Botswana]] o ntseng o a gola. == Setlhopha se se Laolang == Mokgatlho o o laolang Rugby Union mo Botswana ke BRU (Botswana Rugby Union). Tautona ke Rre. Ke Elijah Jones. Fa e sale go tlhongwa Mokgatlho wa Rugby wa Botswana ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bobedi (1992), dikgang tsa mokgatlho ono di ntse di tsamaisiwa ke B.R.U Executive Committee e e dirilweng kaTautona, Mokwaledi le Motshwaramatlotlo ba botlhe ba tlhophiwang mo maemong a bona mo Khonferenseng ya Ngwaga le Ngwaga. Komiti ya Khuduthamaga e ne ya atolosiwa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bosupa (2007) go akaretsa Mothusa Tautona le leloko le lengwe. Komiti ya kakaretso e na le baemedi ba ditlhopha, baatlhodi le baokamedi ba sekolo go akaretsa le komiti ya khuduthamaga. Maemo otlhe mo mokgatlhong wa badiri ke a boithaopo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130119014731/http://www.botswanarugbyunion.co.bw/administration.html "Botswana Rugby Union"]. ''www.botswanarugbyunion.co.bw''. Archived from the original on 19 January 2013.</ref> == Ditso == Fela jaaka Rugby union kwa Kenya le Rugby union kwa Zimbabwe, Botswana Rugby e nnile le mathata ka gonne e ne e tshamekiwa thata ke setšhaba sa basweu, mme e ne e tsewa e le sengwe se se sa tlholeng se le teng ka nako ya bokoloniale. Gape, fela jaaka dinaga di le dintsi tsa Afrika, Rugby e tshamekiwa thata mo motsemogolong wa Gaborone le go o dikologa. Le fa go le jalo, go nna gaufi ga Botswana le naga e kgolo ya Rugby ya Afrika Borwa, le go gaisana ga naga ya Zimbabwe mo dikopanong tsa mafatshe di le pedi, go dirile gore Botswana e nne le bajanala ba ba etelang dinaga tse dingwe tsa Afrika. Rugby union mo Afrika Borwa ke motshameko o mogolo - naga e amogetse le go gapa Sejana sa Lefatshe sa Rugby - mme, Botswana e tletse ka metswedi ya dikgang ya Afrika Borwa ya mefuta e e farologaneng. Ka ntlha ya seno, Botswana e ka tsewa jaaka nngwe ya dinaga tse di farologaneng tse di leng mo karolong ya tlhotlheletso ya Rugby ya Aforika Borwa - go akaretsa [[Namibia]], [[Lesotho]], [[Zimbabwe]], [[Zambia]] le [[Eswatini]].<ref>Bath, Richard (ed.) ''[[:en:Special:BookSources/1-86200-013-1|The Complete Book of Rugby]]'' (Seven Oaks Ltd, 1997 ISBN) p64</ref> Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bosupa (1997), go ne go na le ditlhopha di le masome a mabedi le borataro tsa Rugby kwa Botswana. Botswana e tsenela dikgaisano tsa Sejana sa Aforika nako le nako. == Batshameki ba ba tumileng == * [[Roddy Grant]], le [[Edinburgh Rugby]] ba tsholetswe kwa Botswana mme ba goletse kwa Afrika Borwa. == Bona gape == * [[Setlhopha sa bosetšhaba sa rugby sa Botswana]] == Metswedi == gvgjxi8n13fmru7sxx7w93g2eu03251 0 14777 53586 2026-07-29T20:50:19Z Lucrucia98 12161 #Wikipedia25BW ke ranotse tsebe ya Alister Walker 53586 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alister Walker''' (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e le lesome le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bobedi (1982) ke motshameki wa squash yo o neng a emela [[England]] le [[Botswana|Botswana.]] O fitlhile kwa maemong a a kwa godimo a lefatshe a World No. 12 ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe (2009).<ref>[http://www.psa-squash.com/entry/ranking.php?player=T03010 PSA Player Profile]</ref> <ref>[https://www.squashinfo.com/player-52 SquashInfo Player Profile]</ref> == Ditso == Walker o ne a gapa sekgele sa gouta mo setlhopheng sa squash sa banna sa England kwa 2009 European Squash Team Championships kwa Malmö.<ref>[https://intersportstats.com/competition_types/292 European Team Squash Championships".] ''InterSportStats''. Retrieved 6 June 2025.</ref><ref>[https://www.squashinfo.com/history/100/mens/european-team-championship "Men's European Team Championship: Event History (53 events)".] ''Squash Info''. Retrieved 6 June 2025.</ref> == Metswedi == 9etkobo6iil0wqxdp5o4qev1uhutbtu 0 14778 53587 2026-07-29T21:02:19Z Lucrucia98 12161 #Wikipedia25BW ke ranotse tsebe ya Mokgatho wa Botswana Cycling Association 53587 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Botswana Cycling Association kgotsa''' BCA ke lekgotla la bosetšhaba le le laolang mabelo a dibaesekele kwa Botswana.<ref>[https://www.botswanarailways.co.bw/president%E2%80%99s-charity-cycle-challenge-2017 "The President's Charity Cycle Challenge 2017".] ''botswanarailways.co.bw''. Botswana Railways. 3 September 2017.</ref>Mokgatlho wa Botswana wa go Kgweetsa Dikoloi ke leloko la Confédération Africaine de Cyclisme le Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI).<ref>[https://www.uci.org/inside-uci/governance/continental-confederations-and-national-federations "Continental Confederations and National Federations"]. ''UCI''.</ref>E tshwaragane le Komiti ya Bosetšhaba ya Diolimpiki ya Botswana (BNOC),<ref>[http://www.botswananoc.org/cycling "Cycling - Botswana National Olympic Committee".] ''www.botswananoc.org''. Botswana National Olympic Committee.</ref>mmogo le Khomišene ya Bosetšhaba ya Metshameko ya Botswana. Botswana Cycling Association e laola metshameko e megolo e le metlhano mo motshamekong, e le ya batho ba ba ratang go palama baesekele le ya batho ba ba ratang go palama baesekele, e e akaretsang: go palama baesekele mo tseleng, go palama baesekele mo dithabeng, go palama baesekele ya BMX, go palama baesekele mo tseleng le go palama baesekele ya para-baesekele, e gone jaanong e leng metshameko e e itsegeng thata ya go palama baesekele mo tseleng le go palama baesekele mo dithabeng. == Ditso == Botswana Cycling Association e kopantswe le Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI) ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le boraro (2013) morago ga go amogelwa ke General Assembly kwa Ponferrada, Spain. Botswana Cycling Association e ne ya tshola metshameko ya bobedi ya Aforika ya Baša e e neng e tshwaretswe kwa Gaborone, go tloga ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e le masome a mabedi le bobedi fitlhae le masome a mararo le bongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014) mo dikgaolong tsa go palama baesekele mo tseleng le go palama baesekele ya kwa thabeng jaaka leloko le lesha la UCI. ] Botswana Cycling Association e tsere karolo lekgetlo la ntlha mo kgaisanong ya 2015 Africa Continental Road Champs, <ref>[https://www.cyclingsa.com/road-cycling-press/2015/2/19/continental-african-road-championships-a-great-success Continental African Road Championships a great success".] ''Cycling South Africa''. Cycling South Africa.</ref>e e neng e tshwerwe magareng ga kgwedi yaTlhakole e le borobabongwe go fitlha e le lesome le bone kwa Wartburg, KwaZulu-Natal, mo Aforika Borwa koo go neng ga tsenela dinaga di le masome a mararo , e ne e le kgaisano e e neng e tsenetswe thata mo Aforika. == Metswedi == 5dty4g6cllyrac8enhu7yia0rlsgnl1 0 14779 53592 2026-07-29T21:51:55Z Lucrucia98 12161 #Wikipedia25BW ke ranotse tsebe ya Bokopano jwa Secheba sa Botswana/ National Assembly 53592 wikitext text/x-wiki bokopano jwa Sechaba ke yona fela lekgotla la peomolao la Palamente ya Botswana e e nang le ntlwana e le nngwe ya palamente, e e nang le Moporesitente le bokopano jwa Sechaba. Ntlo e fetisa melao, e neela ditona go bopa Kabinete, le go okamela tiro ya puso. Gape e na le maikarabelo a go amogela tekanyetsokabo ya naga. E gakololwa ke Ntlo ya Dikgosi, lekgotla la dikgosana tsa merafe le e seng ntlo ya Palamente.[ 3] Le fa go ne go na le ba ba neng ba dira pele ga bokopano jwa Sechaba ka nako ya puso ya bokoloniale, e ne e se go fitlha ka boipuso ka 1966 fa bokopano jwa Sechaba ya Botswana e ne ya tlhomiwa semmuso. [ Go tloga ka nako eo, go nnile le ditlhopho tsa makoko a le mantsi tse di latelanang le diphetogo di le tlhano tsa boporesidente ka kagiso. 6][5] Ga jaana, go na le maloko a le 65 a bokopano jwa Sechaba.[ Batlhophi mo dikgaolong tse di nang le leloko le le lengwe ba tlhopha ka tlhamalalo maloko a le 57 a paka ya dingwaga di le 5 ka tsamaiso ya bontsi (kgotsa ya pele-pele-pele). Maloko a le marataro one a tlhophiwa ke Tautona mme a tlhophiwa ke lekgotla. Kwa bokhutlong, ba ba setseng ba babedi (Tautona le Sebui sa bokopano jwa Sechaba) ke ba ofisi. 8][9] Le fa go na le ditlhopho tse di sa kgaotseng, Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba e ntse e tshwaiwa diphoso. Mo ditlhophong tsotlhe go tloga ka ditlhopho tsa motheo ka 1965 go fitlha ka 2024, Botswana Democratic Party e ne ya fenya bontsi jwa ditulo mo lekgotleng la peomolao. [10][11] Mo godimo ga moo, baithuti ba saense ya sepolotiki ka dinako dingwe ba ne ba supa fa ba tshwenyegile ka bokopano jwa Sechaba ka ntlha ya basadi ba le mmalwa ba e leng maloko a Palamente le go golaganngwa ga yona le khuduthamaga.[ 12][13] == Seabe le popego == bokopano jwa Sechaba ya Botswana ke karolo ya lekala la peomolao ya Puso ya Bosetšhaba ya Botswana mme ka jalo e na le seabe sa botlhokwa sa go ngangisana le go fetisa melaotlhomo. Ka gale go na le maloko a le 57 a bokopano jwa Sechaba a a tlhophilweng ke batlhophi go tswa mo dikgaolong tsa bonno bo le bongwe. Mmogo le maloko a a tlhophilweng ano gape go na le maloko a le marataro a a tlhophilweng ke Moporesitente mme a tlhophilwe ka tsela e e kgethegileng ke bokopano jwa Sechaba. Kwa bokhutlong, go na gape le maloko a le mabedi a ex-officio - a le mongwe wa ona e leng Tautona.[ Kwa tshimologong, maikaelelo a maloko a a tlhophilweng ka tsela e e kgethegileng e ne e le go dira gore ditlhopha tse dinnye tsa naga di nne le kemedi mo Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba. Moragonyana, maloko a Palamente gantsi ba ne ba beela batho ba ba nang le bokgoni jo bo batlegang mafelo ano. Mo malobeng, le fa go ntse jalo, ditulo tse di tlhophilweng ka go kgethega di dirisitswe thata jaaka tsela ya lekoko la bontsi go oketsa palo ya ditulo tsa lona mo kgotlapeomolao.[ 12] Mo gare ga maloko a bokopano jwa Sechaba gape go na le Sebui, Motlatsa Sebui, le Moeteledipele wa Kganetso. Le fa sebui gantsi e le leloko la bokopano jwa Sechaba, maloko a Palamente ga a tshwanela go tlatsa tiro e ka Mopalamente yo mongwe. Ka jalo, fa maloko a Palamente a tlhopha sebui se se tswang kwa ntle ga setlhopha se se busang, sebui e nna leloko la bo65 la bokopano jwa Sechaba. Fa go batlega, pedi-tharo ya maloko a ka bouta go tlosa Sebui. 8] Mo godimo ga moo, mmogo le go nna ditokololo tsa bokopano jwa Sechaba, maloko mangwe a Palamente le ona ke karolo ya Kabinete ya Moporesitente. Ka nako nngwe le nngwe, go na le ditona tsa Kabinete di le 26 mo Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba - di le 8 tsa tsona ke ditona tse di thusang.[ 13] Ka mantswe a mangwe, 42% ya bokopano jwa Sechaba le yona ke karolo ya Kabinete ya Moporesitente.[ 2] Ka kakaretso, boikaelelo jo bogolo jwa Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ke go ngangisana le go fetisa melao. Ka tlwaelo, Moporesitente o tlhagisa melaotlhomo mme maloko a Kabinete a kgona go e sekaseka pele. Le fa go ntse jalo, go na le melawana e le mmalwa e e atlegileng go tsena mo Kokoanong Bosetšhaba ka ditsela tse di farologaneng. Morago ga moo, fa Molaotlhomo o sena go fitlha kwa Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba, o tshwanetse go bona bontsi jo bo bonolo go fetisediwa kwa go Tautona. Kwa bokhutlong, fa Moporesitente a setse a dumetse gore molaotlhomo o amogelwe, o nna molao.[ 8] Le fa go ntse jalo, gore molaotlhomo e nne molao o o siameng, ga o a tshwanela go ganetsana le Molaotheo wa Botswana. Fa molao o sa dumalane le Molaotheo, kgotlatshekelo e na le tshwanelo ya go bolela gore molao ga o na boleng. 13] Mo godimo ga go fetisa melao, bokopano jwa Sechaba e na le maatla a go tlhopha Tautona. Ditlhopho tseno ga di dirwe ka go bouta, mme go na le moo ka gore a lekoko le na le bontsi mo Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba kgotsa nnyaa. 10] E re ka Palamente ya Botswana e le kopanyo ya Ntlobokopano jwa Sechaba le Moporesitente, ditlhopho tsa Moporesitente di bopa Palamente.[ Ka jalo, go farologana le ditsamaiso tse dintsi tsa palamente, Moporesitente o tla dira jaaka Tlhogo ya Naga le Tlhogo ya Puso.[ Mo tirong e, Moporesitente o na le maatla a go tlhagisa molao, go bua le go bouta. 8] Mo godimo ga moo, ba na le maatla a go bitsa, go emisa le go tlhatlhamolola bokopano jwa Sechaba. [ 13] Fa Moporesitente a bolela gore go na le maemo a tshoganyetso a setšhaba, Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba e nna le boikaelelo jo bongwe gape. Mo tiragalong e, Moporesitente o nna le maatla a go itirela melawana e megolo e e tlhokegang go fedisa maemo a tshoganyetso. Le fa go ntse jalo, ka ntlha ya Emergency Powers Act e e fetisitsweng ka 1966, mo maemong a, bokopano jwa Sechaba e na le maatla a go dira jaaka tshupetso mme e tshwanetse go amogela melawana ya maemo a tshoganyetso ya Moporesitente. 14] == Ditso == === Tshimologo ya pele ga bokoloniale le bokoloniale === Gantsi, kwa Botswana, dikgosana di busa mo lefelong leo ka go bitsa dikokoano tsa setšhaba tse di bidiwang  ⁇ Kgotlas". Bakanoki bangwe, jaaka moitsesaense wa dipolotiki John Holm, ba supa dikokoano tse di ntseng jalo jaaka dikai tsa kafa setso sa Batswana se tsenyeletsang ditlhogo tsa puo ya setšhaba le kganetsano ka teng. Go bonala sentle gore, meono e, e supa megopolo e e tlwaelegileng ya metheo ya temokerasi.[ 15] Ka fa gare ga setso se, dikgosana di ne tsa tshegetsa puso ya selegae mo pusong ya bokoloniale.[ Ka nako ya bokoloniale, Maborithane ba ne ba busa kgaolo ya Botswana ya segompieno go ya ka pholisi ya bone ya puso e e sa tlhamalalang. E ne e bidiwa Bechuanaland Protectorate ka nako eo, mme lefelo leno le ne la nna le seabe se sennye sa bokoloniale fa go bapisiwa le mafelo a mangwe mo kgaolong eo. Lebaka lengwe la seno e ne e le gore Bechuanaland e ne e se kolone ya batho ba ba neng ba nna koo. Mo godimo ga moo, se gape e ne e le ka ntlha ya gore kgaolo e ne ya tila go tsenngwa mo Afrika Borwa e e leng moagisani wa yone ya bosweu. 5][4] Kgabagare, le fa go ntse jalo, tsereganyo ya bokoloniale e ne ya nna e e tsepameng thata ka 1919 fa balaodi ba Boritane ba ne ba tlhoma Khansele ya Kgakololo ya Baagi ba Selegae kwa maemong a kgaolo. Ka bonakonyana fela morago ga moo ka 1920, go ne ga tlhomiwa Lekgotla la Kgakololo la Yuropa. Morago ga moo, mo dingwageng tse 36 tse di neng tsa latela, makgotla ano a ne a dira ka go farologana go fitlha go tlhomiwa Lekgotla le le Kopanetsweng la Kgakololo. Khansele eno e ne e sena maatla a go fetisa molao, fela e ne e ka ngangisana le go bua ka molao o o leng teng. Le fa go ntse jalo, balaodi ba dikolone tsa Boritane gantsi ba ne ba aga makgotla ano mo motheong wa dikgatlhego tsa go dirisa batho ka tsela e e sa siamang. Ka ntlha ya seo, gantsi ba ne ba tshegetsa le go pateletsa go ntshiwa ga ikonomi ya bokoloniale. 16] === Boipuso le go tlhamiwa ga lekgotla la molao === Ka 1959, mokomišenara wa Botswana, Peter Fawcus, o ne a dira mmogo le batho ba ba itsegeng ba Batswana jaaka Seretse Khama go tlhama Khansele e ntšhwa ya Molao. 17][4] Khansele eno e ne e na le maatla a go fetisa melao mme e ne e tla nna le seabe se se botlhokwa mo go feteleng kwa boipusong. Lekgotla leno le ne le dirilwe ka badiredibagolo ba le lesome ba puso, Baafrika ba le lesome, Bayuropa ba le lesome, le Mo-Asia a le mongwe yo o nnang kwa Botswana. Bontsi jwa ditokololo tse di emetseng Maaforika le Yuropa di ne di tswa mo dikhanseleng tse di neng di sa tswa go tlhomiwa tsa Aforika le Yuropa. Dikhansele tsa Kgotlapeomolao (LegCos) jaaka eno e ne e se ya Botswana fela mme e ne e tlwaelegile kwa bokhutlong jwa puso ya bokoloniale ya Boritane. Ken Opalo, yo e leng mankge wa dipolotiki tsa molao, o bolela gore badiredibagolo ba dikolone gantsi ba ne ba laola LegCos ka nako ya fa ba ne ba le teng. Ka jalo, LegCos gantsi e ne e dira go tsweletsa dikeletso tsa babusi ba bokoloniale. Ka nako ya fa go ne go fetolwa go nna le boipuso, seno se ne se akaretsa go naya badiredibagolo maatla le go lekanyetsa puso ya molao ka boyone. Mo dinageng tse dingwe tse dintsi tsa morago ga bokoloniale, seno se ne sa dira gore go nne le puso e e gagametseng ka dingwagangwaga. 16] Kgabagare, jaaka puso ya bokoloniale ya Boritane e ne e simolola go fokotsega, Seretse Khama o ne a kopana le maloko a Aforika a khansele ka 1962 go bopa Bechuanaland Democratic Party (BDP).[ Morago ga moo, ka bonako fela morago ga tiragalo e, setlhopha se se neng se bopilwe ke dikgosana, baagi ba basweu, le maloko a makoko a sepolotiki a Botswana a a neng a sa tswa go tlhomiwa a ne a kopana go tla go kwala Molaotheo wa Botswana wa isago. Mo Molaotheong ono go ne go na le dikakanyo tsa bokopano jwa Sechaba. Morago ga moo, ka Mopitlwe wa 1965, ditlhopho tsa ntlha di ne tsa diragala ka makoko a sepolotiki a le mararo a tsaya karolo mo letsholong leno. BDP e ne ya fenya 81 lekgolong ya diboutu le 28 ya ditulo tse 31 tse di leng teng mo kgotlapeomolao. Go ise go ye kae morago ga ditlhopho tse, naga e ne ya bona boipuso ka 1966. 5] === Morago ga boipuso le puso ya BDP === Le fa dinaga di le dintsi tsa Aforika di nnile le puso ya lekoko le le lengwe ka dingwagangwaga go fitlha ka dingwaga tsa bo1990, Botswana e nnile le diphetogo di le 5 tsa boporesitente ka kagiso le temokerasi ya makoko a le mantsi e e tlhomameng fa e sale go bona boipuso. Botswana Democratic Party, eo pele e neng e bitswa Bechuanaland Democratic Party, e nnile le bontsi jwa ditulo mo Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba go tloga ka boipuso go fitlha ka 2024 mme e ntse e le letshwao la mokgatlho wa kgololosego ya bosetšhaba. 5][7][18] Go farologana le BDP, makoko a kganetso mo Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba a ntse a fetoga fa e sale go bona boipuso. Ka dingwaga tsa bo1990, go nna mo metsesetoropong le go tlhagelela ka bonako ga lephata la meepo go ne ga koafatsa motheo wa sepolotiki wa BDP o o neng o ikaegile ka temothuo. Ka ntlha ya go sa tlhomamang gono, makoko mangwe a kganetso a ne a kgona go kopana le Botswana National Front (BNF) mme a batla a bopa lekoko le le kopaneng la kganetso go lwantsha BDP. Le fa go ntse jalo, kwa bokhutlong jwa dingwaga tsa bo1990, BNF e ne ya thubega mme ya se ka ya kgona go gaisana le BDP gape. 10] Le fa go ntse jalo, le fa go na le kganetso e e sa tlhomamang, go busa ga BDP go dirile gore maloko a makoko a kganetso a tshwenyege ka gore a bokopano jwa Sechaba e ka kgona go laola Moporesitente. Ka mo go kgethegileng, ba le bantsi ba bona bothata ka go tlhoka kgaogano magareng ga bokopano jwa Sechaba le khuduthamaga mo go tlhamiweng ga Palamente.[ 13][14] Mo godimo ga matshwenyego a, barutegi ba saense ya sepolotiki jaaka David Sebudubudu ba lemoga gore Moporesitente o na le tlhotlheletso e e tlhamaletseng mo baemeding ba Palamente ka gore 42% ya bokopano jwa Sechaba le yona e mo Kabineteng ya Moporesitente. Mo tshosong ya Ntlobokopano jwa Sechaba, Sebudubudu le badirammogo ba gagwe ba tlhalosa gore boikanyego le maikemisetso a botho a ka kgoreletsa bokgoni jwa maloko a lekoko la BDP go dira ka kgololosego mo Ntlokokoano. Go tswa mo matshwenyegong a kakaretso, ka 1988 bokopano jwa Sechaba e fetisitse tshisinyo e e rotloetsang go kgaogana ga Palamente, mme ka jalo Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba, go tswa mo ofising ya Moporesitente. 13] Morago, ka 2002, sebui Ray Molomo o ne a buisa tshisinyo eno fa a ne a kopa setlhopha se se kgethegileng go lebelela go bopa bokopano jwa Sechaba e e ikemetseng ka nosi go tswa mo lekgotleng la khuduthamaga. [ Mo dingwageng tsa bo 2010, go tshwenngwa ke maatla a puso go ne ga dira gore lekoko la kganetso, Botswana Movement for Democracy (BMD), le latofatse BDP ka go re ke puso e e gagametseng. 6] Go na le go tshwenyega ka gore BDP e na le maemo a a kwa godimo, gape go na le go tlhobaela ka gore go na le basadi ba le mmalwa fela ba e leng maloko a Palamente mo Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba. Morago ga ditlhopho tsa bosetšhaba tsa 2009 fa basadi ba le babedi fela ba ne ba tlhophiwa ka tlhamalalo go nna maloko a lekgotla, baitsesaense bangwe ba sepolotiki jaaka Gretchen Bauer ba ne ba supa fa ba tshwenyegile ka gore kemedi ya basadi e ne e sa oketsege fa nako e ntse e tsamaya. Le fa basadi ba ba leng mo ditlhophong gantsi ba le mo kgaisanong mo ditlhophong, gantsi go thata mo go bone go fetela kwa pele mo dikgatong tsa ditlhopho tsa makoko a sepolotiki. Mo godimo ga moo, go ya ka mokgwa o wa kemedi, bakanoki ba ba tshwanang le James Kirby le bone ba tlhalositse gore go na le sebaka se sennye sa ditlhopha tsa merafe e e kwa tlase jaaka Basarwa go tlhalosa maikutlo a bona mo Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba. 20] Morago ga ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2019, matshwenyego ka basadi ba le mmalwa ba ba neng ba le maloko a Palamente a ne a tlhagelela gape fa basadi ba le 3 fela ba ne ba tlhophiwa go nna maloko a Palamente ya Bosetšhaba. Go rarabolola bothata jono, poresidente Mokgweetsi Masisi o ne a tlhopha basadi ba le banè gore ba nne mo ditulong tse di tlhophilweng ka tsela e e kgethegileng. Mongwe wa maloko a a neng a tlhophilwe e ne e le molweladiphetogo yo o itsegeng wa ditshwanelo tsa batho e bong Dr. Unity Dow le motlhankedi wa tsa madi Peggy Serame.[ 21] Morago ga go tlhophiwa ga batho bano, go ne ga nna le tiragalo e nngwe e e botlhokwa mo Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba ka Mopitlwe 2020. Ka ntlha ya leroborobo la COVID-19, Tautona Masisi o ne a kopa gore go nne le maemo a tshoganyetso a setšhaba ka dikgwedi di le thataro gore go tle go rarabololwe mogare ono. E ne e le la bobedi fela mo hisitoring ya Botswana go dirwa kgoeletso ya maemo a tshoganyetso. Le fa go ntse jalo, le fa gone kwa bofelong Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba e ne ya dumela gore go nne le maemo a tshoganyetso a setšhaba ka dikgwedi di le thataro, maloko a makoko a kganetso a ne a sa ntse a tshwenyegile ka ntlha ya maatla a seno se neng se tla a naya poresidente. Ka ntlha ya seo, kganetsano e e neng e le teng ya go amogela maemo a tshoganyetso a setšhaba e ne ya bontshiwa mo thelebišeneng ya bosetšhaba ka maikaelelo a go tokafatsa ponalo. [1] Go ise go ye kae morago ga moo, bokopano jwa Sechaba ya Botswana e ne ya ngoka kgatlhego ya boditšhabatšhaba ka ntlha ya fa maloko otlhe a Palamente, go akaretsa le Moporesitente, ba ne ba patelediwa go nna kwa thoko ka ntlha ya go tsenwa ke mogare wa COVID-19. 22] == Ditlhopho == === Ditiragalo le mekgwa === bokopano jwa Sechaba ke yona fela karolo ya Puso ya Bosetšhaba ya Botswana e e tlhophiwang ke baagi ba poraefete. 13] Botswana e dirisa tsamaiso ya first-past-the-post mo ditlhophong mo bakgethi ba ba nang le diboutu tse dintsi ba fenyang mo dikgaolong tse di nang le leloko le le lengwe. [ 12] Kwa tshimologong, go ne go boutelwa ka disiki tse di neng di tsamaisana le dikgetho tse di farologaneng go ya ka mmala. Morago ga moo, ka 1999, ditlhopho tsa bosetšhaba di ne tsa fetolelwa go dirisa dipampiri tsa ditlhopho. Malebana le pabalesego ya batlhophi, 89% ya ba ba arabileng patlisiso ya Afrobarometer ba boletse fa ba ne ba kgona go tlhopha ka kgololosego ntle le kgatelelo ya kwa ntle. 24] Ditlhopho tsa Ntlobokopano jwa Sechaba tsa Botswana di diragala dingwaga dingwe le dingwe di le tlhano, mme ditlhopho tsa bofelo di diragala ka 2024.[1] Mo makokong mangwe a sepolotiki, ditlhopho tsa maloko a Palamente di etelelwa pele ke ditlhopho tsa pele. Le fa go ntse jalo, go tshwara ditlhopho tsa pele ga se molao kwa Botswana. Mo godimo ga moo, ga jaana ga go na tsamaiso ya dikgetse tsa bong mo ditlhophong tsa bokopano jwa Sechaba. [ 12] Mo patlisisong ya 2019, tshegetso ya tsamaiso ya dikelo ya bong e ne e batla e aroganngwa ka go lekana: 48% e amogetse mme 47% e ganne. [ 24] Gore motho a kgone go nna moemedi wa Palamente, o tshwanetse a bo a na le dingwaga di le 18, a kwadisitswe go ka tlhopha, e bile e le moagi wa Botswana. Gape ba tshwanetse go kgona go bala le go bua Seesimane. 8] Mo godimo ga moo, go na le maemo a mo go one motho a ka kgaolelwang tiro. Ka sekai, motho ga a tshwanela go wa, go tsewa gore o a tsenwa, kana go atlholelwa go nna mo kgolegelong lobaka lo lo fetang dikgwedi di le thataro. Gape ga ba ka ke ba nna leloko la Ntlo ya Dikgosi kgotsa motlhankedi wa puso yo o okametseng ditlhopho.[ 8] Go tloga ka 1965 go fitlha ka 2024, BDP e ne ya fenya bontsi jwa ditulo mo Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba mo ditlhophong tsotlhe. Le fa go ntse jalo, le fa BDP e ne ya bona tshegetso e e tlhomameng (segolo thata go tswa kwa dikgaolong tsa selegae), go ne go na le bosupi jwa gore ditlhopho di ntse di nna le kgaisano go ya pele.[ 10] Mo dingwageng tsa bo 2000, palo ya dikgaolo tsa ditlhopho tsa kgaisano e ne ya oketsega. Mmogo le se, BDP e bone ditulo tse dintsi mo ditlhophong tsa bosheng. 10] Ka 2014, lekgetlo la ntlha mo hisetoring ya setšhaba, makoko a kganetso a ne a fenya bontsi jwa diboutu tsotlhe. [ Morago ga moo, ka nako ya ditlhopho tsa 2019, Moporesitente wa maloba Ian Khama o ne a fetola boikanyego mme a tshegetsa lekoko la kganetso la Umbrella for Democratic Change (UDC). 7] Le fa go ntse jalo, le fa go na le ditiragalo tse pedi tseno tse di tlhomologileng, BDP e ne ya boloka bontsi jwa ditulo tsa yone mo Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba.[ Mo ditlhophong tsa 2019, BDP e ne ya fenya ditulo di le 29 mme UDC e ne e le kwa morago ka ditulo di le 13 fela. Tse tharo tsa ditulo tse nne tse di setseng di ne tsa ya go Botswana Patriotic Front, fa tse dingwe di ne tsa ya go Alliance for Progressives. 7] BDP e ne ya fenngwa la ntlha ka 2024, ya bona manno a le 4 fela mo go a le 61 a a neng a ganetsanwa (lefelo la bone) mme ya bona 30.47% ya diboutu (lefelo la bobedi). Malebana le go nna le seabe ga batlhophi, go ne go na le batlhophi ba le 900,000 ba ba neng ba ikwadiseditse ditlhopho tsa 2019.[1] Go tlaleletsa, patlisiso ya Afrobarometer ya 2019 e bontshitse gore 63% ya batho (64% ya basadi le 62% ya banna) ba ne ba bouta mo ditlhophong tsa palamente tsa 2014. Mo nakong e e fetileng, ka 1999, go tshwenyega ka go nna le seabe ga batlhophi e ne e le kgang e e tlhagelelang mo dikgannyeng mo nageng. Pele ga ditlhopho tsa 1999, batho ba le 60 000 ba ba neng ba ka kgona go tlhopha ba ne ba se ka ba tshwanelega ka phoso fa lenaane la batlhophi le ne le wediwa go setse go le thari. Festus Mogae, yo e neng e le Moporesitente ka nako eo, o ne a goeletsa maemo a ntlha a tshoganyetso mo setšhabeng gore a bitse bokopano jwa Sechaba le go fetisa molao o o letlang batho ba ba neng ba se na ditshwanelo tsa go bouta go ka bouta. 23] == Metswedi == 38jhnsryywpndgs9c80cvqrz8b70j8y 53610 53592 2026-07-30T08:04:21Z Lucrucia98 12161 53610 wikitext text/x-wiki Bokopano jwa Sechaba ke yona fela lekgotla la peomolao la Palamente ya Botswana e e nang le ntlwana e le nngwe ya palamente, e e nang le Tautona le bokopano jwa Sechaba. <ref name=":1">Botlhale, Emmanuel; Lotshwao, Kebapetse (2013). "The Uneasy Relationship Between Parliament and the Executive in Botswana". ''Botswana Notes and Records''. '''45''': 39–51. JSTOR&nbsp;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/90024373 90024373.]</ref>Ntlo e fetisa melao, e neela ditona go bopa Kabinete, le go okamela tiro ya puso. Gape e na le maikarabelo a go amogela tekanyetsokabo ya naga. E gakololwa ke Ntlo ya Dikgosi, lekgotla la dikgosana tsa merafe le e seng ntlo ya Palamente.<ref name=":2">Norton, Philip (21 December 2004). "How many bicameral legislatures are there?". ''The Journal of Legislative Studies''. '''10''' (4): 1–9. [[doi:10.1080/1357233042000322436]]. S2CID&nbsp;143950774.</ref> Le fa go ne go na le ba ba neng ba dira pele ga bokopano jwa Sechaba ka nako ya puso ya bokoloniale, e ne e se go fitlha ka boipuso ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome marataro le borataro (1966) fa bokopano jwa Sechaba ya Botswana e ne ya tlhomiwa semmuso. <ref name=":3">[https://www.carleton.edu/president/lewis/speeches-writings/botswana-success/]</ref><ref name=":0">Tesfahun, Amsalu Tebeje (2015). "[https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ejossah/article/view/134622 The Endurance and Decline of Single Party Dominance in African States: A Case Study of Botswana and Senegal"]. Ethiopian Journal of the Social Sciences and Humanities. 11 (1): 1–28.</ref>Go tloga ka nako eo, go nnile le ditlhopho tsa makoko a le mantsi tse di latelanang le diphetogo di le tlhano tsa bo Tautona ka kagiso. <ref name=":4">[https://africasacountry.com/2016/10/botswana-at-50-african-miracle-or-african-mirage "Botswana: African miracle or African mirage?"]. africasacountry.com. 4 March 2018. Retrieved 2022-03-10.</ref><ref name=":0" /> Mo bo gompienong, go na le maloko a le masome a marataro le botlhano a bokopano jwa Sechaba.<ref name=":5">^{[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/10/25/botswanas-ruling-party-bdp-wins-general-election-chief-justice "Botswana's ruling party BDP wins general election: Chief justice".] www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 2022-03-10}</ref>Batlhophi mo dikgaolong tse di nang le leloko le le lengwe ba tlhopha ka tlhamalalo maloko a le masome a matlhano le bosupa a paka ya dingwaga di le tlhano ka tsamaiso ya bontsi (kgotsa ya pele-pele-pele). Maloko a le marataro one a tlhophiwa ke Tautona mme a tlhophiwa ke lekgotla. Kwa bokhutlong, ba ba setseng ba babedi (Tautona le Sebui sa bokopano jwa Sechaba) ke ba ofisi.<ref name=":6">[https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Botswana_2016?lang=en Botswana 1966 (rev. 2016) Constitution - Constitute"]. ''www.constituteproject.org''. Retrieved 2022-03-10.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20221019183042/https://www.parliament.gov.bw/index.php/2012-02-13-15-06-33 "Office-Bearers & Members".] www.parliament.gov.bw. Archived from the original on 2022-10-19. Retrieved 2022-04-20.</ref> Le fa go na le ditlhopho tse di sa kgaotseng, Kopano ya setšhaba e ntse e tshwaiwa diphoso. Mo ditlhophong tsotlhe go tloga ka ditlhopho tsa motheo ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le botlhano (1965) go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024), [[Botswana Democratic Party]] e ne ya fenya bontsi jwa ditulo mo lekgotleng la peomolao. <ref name=":7">Poteete, Amy R. (2012). "Electoral competition, factionalism, and persistent party dominance in Botswana". ''The Journal of Modern African Studies''. '''50''' (1): 75–102. doi:10.1017/[[doi:10.1017/S0022278X11000619|S0022278X11000619.]] JSTOR&nbsp;41474960. S2CID&nbsp;154672233.</ref><ref>[https://www.jeuneafrique.com/depeches/102799/politique/botswana-legislatives-sur-fond-de-crise-economique/]</ref>Mo godimo ga moo, baithuti ba saense ya sepolotiki ka dinako dingwe ba ne ba supa fa ba tshwenyegile ka bokopano jwa Sechaba ka ntlha ya basadi ba le mmalwa ba e leng maloko a Palamente le go golaganngwa ga yona le khuduthamaga.<ref name=":8">Bauer, Gretchen (2010). "'Cows Will Lead the Herd into a Precipice': Where Are the Women MPs in Botswana?". ''Botswana Notes and Records''. '''42''': 56–70. JSTOR&nbsp;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/23237971 23237971.]</ref><ref name=":9">Sebudubudu, David; Maripe, Bugalo; Botlhomilwe, Mokganedi Z.; Malila, Ikanyeng S. (2013). "The Mutation of Parliament into a 'Registration Chamber': Executive Dominance over the Legislature in Botswana". ''The African Review: A Journal of African Politics, Development and International Affairs''. '''40''' (2): 33–59. JSTOR[https://www.jstor.org/stable/45341655 &nbsp;45341655.]</ref> == Seabe le popego == bokopano jwa Sechaba sa Botswana ke karolo ya lekala la peomolao ya Puso ya Bosetšhaba ya Botswana mme ka jalo e na le seabe sa botlhokwa sa go ngangisana le go fetisa melaotlhomo. Ka gale go na le maloko a le masome a matlhano le bosupa a kopano jwa Sechaba a a tlhophilweng ke batlhophi go tswa mo dikgaolong tsa bonno bo le bongwe. Mmogo le maloko a a tlhophilweng ano gape go na le maloko a le marataro a a tlhophilweng ke Tautona mme a tlhophilwe ka tsela e e kgethegileng ke bokopano jwa Sechaba. Kwa bokhutlong, go na gape le maloko a le mabedi a ex-officio - a le mongwe wa ona e leng Tautona.<ref name=":2" /> <ref name=":9" />Kwa tshimologong, maikaelelo a maloko a a tlhophilweng ka tsela e e kgethegileng e ne e le go dira gore ditlhopha tse dinnye tsa naga di nne le kemedi mo Kopanong ya setšhaba. Moragonyana, maloko a Palamente gantsi ba ne ba beela batho ba ba nang le bokgoni jo bo batlegang mafelo ano. Mo malobeng, le fa go ntse jalo, ditulo tse di tlhophilweng ka go kgethega di dirisitswe thata jaaka tsela ya lekoko la bontsi go oketsa palo ya ditulo tsa lona mo kgotlapeomolao.<ref name=":8" /> Mo gare ga maloko a bokopano jwa Sechaba gape go na le Sebui, Motlatsa Sebui, le Moeteledipele wa Kganetso. Le fa sebui gantsi e le leloko la bokopano jwa Sechaba, maloko a Palamente ga a tshwanela go tlatsa tiro e ka Mopalamente yo mongwe. Ka jalo, fa maloko a Palamente a tlhopha sebui se se tswang kwa ntle ga setlhopha se se busang, sebui e nna leloko la bo65 la bokopano jwa Sechaba. Fa go batlega, pedi-tharo ya maloko a ka bouta go tlosa Sebui. <ref name=":6" />Mo godimo ga moo, mmogo le go nna ditokololo tsa bokopano jwa Sechaba, maloko mangwe a Palamente le ona ke karolo ya Kabinete ya Tautona. Ka nako nngwe le nngwe, go na le ditona tsa Kabinete di le masome a mabedi le borataro mo Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba - di le borobabobedi tsa tsona ke ditona tse di thusang.<ref name=":9" />Ka mantswe a mangwe, 42% ya bokopano jwa Sechaba le yona ke karolo ya Kabinete ya Tautona.<ref name=":1" /> Ka kakaretso, boikaelelo jo bogolo jwa Kopano ya setšhaba ke go ngangisana le go fetisa melao. Ka tlwaelo, Tautona o tlhagisa melaotlhomo mme maloko a Kabinete a kgona go e sekaseka pele. Le fa go ntse jalo, go na le melawana e le mmalwa e e atlegileng go tsena mo Kopano ya setšhaba ka ditsela tse di farologaneng. Morago ga moo, fa Molaotlhomo o sena go fitlha kwa Kopano ya setšhaba, o tshwanetse go bona bontsi jo bo bonolo go fetisediwa kwa go Tautona. Kwa bokhutlong, fa Tautona a setse a dumetse gore molaotlhomo o amogelwe, o nna molao.<ref name=":6" />Le fa go ntse jalo, gore molaotlhomo e nne molao o o siameng, ga o a tshwanela go ganetsana le Molaotheo wa Botswana. Fa molao o sa dumalane le Molaotheo, kgotlatshekelo e na le tshwanelo ya go bolela gore molao ga o na boleng. <ref name=":9" /> Mo godimo ga go fetisa melao, bokopano jwa Sechaba e na le maatla a go tlhopha Tautona. Ditlhopho tseno ga di dirwe ka go bouta, mme go na le moo ka gore a lekoko le na le bontsi mo Kopanong ya setšhaba kgotsa nnyaa. <ref name=":7" />E re ka Palamente ya Botswana e le kopanyo ya Ntlobokopano jwa Sechaba le Tautona, ditlhopho tsa Tautona bopa Palamente.[ Ka jalo, go farologana le ditsamaiso tse dintsi tsa palamente, Tautona o tla dira jaaka Tlhogo ya Naga le Tlhogo ya Puso.<ref name=":1" />Mo tirong e, Tautona o na le maatla a go tlhagisa molao, go bua le go bouta. <ref name=":6" />Mo godimo ga moo, ba na le maatla a go bitsa, go emisa le go tlhatlhamolola bokopano jwa Sechaba. <ref name=":9" /> Fa Tautona a bolela gore go na le maemo a tshoganyetso a setšhaba, Kopano ya setšhaba e nna le boikaelelo jo bongwe gape. Mo tiragalong e, Tautona nna le maatla a go itirela melawana e megolo e e tlhokegang go fedisa maemo a tshoganyetso. <ref name=":1" />Le fa go ntse jalo, ka ntlha ya Emergency Powers Act e e fetisitsweng ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le borataro (1966), mo maemong a, bokopano jwa Sechaba e na le maatla a go dira jaaka tshupetso mme e tshwanetse go amogela melawana ya maemo a tshoganyetso ya Tautona. <ref name=":10">Dinokopila, Bonolo Ramadi (2020). [https://verfassungsblog.de/constitutionalism-in-a-time-of-crisis-botswanas-reaction-to-the-covid-19-pandemic/ "Constitutionalism in a Time of Crisis: Botswana's Reaction to the COVID-19 Pandemic".] Verfassungsblog: On Matters Constitutional (in German). doi:10.17176/20200427-165047-0. Retrieved 2022-03-14.</ref> == Ditso == === Tshimologo ya pele ga bokoloniale le bokoloniale === Gantsi, kwa Botswana, dikgosana di busa mo lefelong leo ka go bitsa dikokoano tsa setšhaba tse di bidiwang  ⁇ Kgotlas". Bakanoki bangwe, jaaka moitsesaense wa dipolotiki John Holm, ba supa dikokoano tse di ntseng jalo jaaka dikai tsa kafa setso sa Batswana se tsenyeletsang ditlhogo tsa puo ya setšhaba le kganetsano ka teng. Go bonala sentle gore, meono e, e supa megopolo e e tlwaelegileng ya metheo ya temokerasi.<ref name=":11">Harden, Blaine (24 April 1988). "[https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/opinions/1988/04/24/a-lesson-for-africa_democracy-works/466eb6c5-adf6-45c2-ac8b-6e5df24e8311/ A Lesson for Africa—Democracy Works: A Lesson for Africa"]. ''The Washington Post''. p.&nbsp;57. ProQuest&nbsp;139741948</ref> Ka fa gare ga setso se, dikgosana di ne tsa tshegetsa puso ya selegae mo pusong ya bokoloniale.<ref name=":11" />Ka nako ya bokoloniale, Maborithane ba ne ba busa kgaolo ya Botswana ya segompieno go ya ka pholisi ya bone ya puso e e sa tlhamalalang. E ne e bidiwa Bechuanaland Protectorate ka nako eo, mme lefelo leno le ne la nna le seabe se sennye sa bokoloniale fa go bapisiwa le mafelo a mangwe mo kgaolong eo. Lebaka lengwe la seno e ne e le gore Bechuanaland e ne e se kolone ya batho ba ba neng ba nna koo. Mo godimo ga moo, se gape e ne e le ka ntlha ya gore kgaolo e ne ya tila go tsenngwa mo Afrika Borwa e e leng moagisani wa yone ya bosweu. <ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" />Kgabagare, le fa go ntse jalo, tsereganyo ya bokoloniale e ne ya nna e e tsepameng thata ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le borobabongwe (1919) fa balaodi ba Boritane ba ne ba tlhoma Khansele ya Kgakololo ya Baagi ba Selegae kwa maemong a kgaolo. Ka bonakonyana fela morago ga moo ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mabedi (1920), go ne ga tlhomiwa Lekgotla la Kgakololo la Yuropa. Morago ga moo, mo dingwageng tse masome a mararo le borataro tse di neng tsa latela, makgotla ano a ne a dira ka go farologana go fitlha go tlhomiwa Lekgotla le le Kopanetsweng la Kgakololo. Khansele eno e ne e sena maatla a go fetisa molao, fela e ne e ka ngangisana le go bua ka molao o o leng teng. Le fa go ntse jalo, balaodi ba dikolone tsa Boritane gantsi ba ne ba aga makgotla ano mo motheong wa dikgatlhego tsa go dirisa batho ka tsela e e sa siamang. Ka ntlha ya seo, gantsi ba ne ba tshegetsa le go pateletsa go ntshiwa ga ikonomi ya bokoloniale.<ref name=":12">Opalo, Ken Ochieng' (2019). Legislative development in Africa : politics and postcolonial legacies. Cambridge. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-108-68465-1|978-1-108-68465-1.]] OCLC 1108755974.</ref> === Boipuso le go tlhamiwa ga lekgotla la molao === Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le borobabongwe (1959), mokomišenara wa Botswana, Peter Fawcus, o ne a dira mmogo le batho ba ba itsegeng ba Batswana jaaka [[Seretse Khama]] go tlhama Khansele e ntšhwa ya Molao.<ref>Kachip, Sitinga; e (17 August 2015). [https://voicesofafrica.co.za/botswanan-batswana-its-complicated/ "Botswanan or Batswana? It's complicated – Voices of Africa".] Retrieved 2022-04-23.</ref><ref name=":0" />Khansele eno e ne e na le maatla a go fetisa melao mme e ne e tla nna le seabe se se botlhokwa mo go feteleng kwa boipusong. Lekgotla leno le ne le dirilwe ka badiredibagolo ba le lesome ba puso, Baafrika ba le lesome, Bayuropa ba le lesome, le Mo-Asia a le mongwe yo o nnang kwa Botswana. Bontsi jwa ditokololo tse di emetseng Maaforika le Yuropa di ne di tswa mo dikhanseleng tse di neng di sa tswa go tlhomiwa tsa Aforika le Yuropa. Dikhansele tsa Kgotlapeomolao (LegCos) jaaka eno e ne e se ya Botswana fela mme e ne e tlwaelegile kwa bokhutlong jwa puso ya bokoloniale ya Boritane. Ken Opalo, yo e leng mankge wa dipolotiki tsa molao, o bolela gore badiredibagolo ba dikolone gantsi ba ne ba laola LegCos ka nako ya fa ba ne ba le teng. Ka jalo, LegCos gantsi e ne e dira go tsweletsa dikeletso tsa babusi ba bokoloniale. Ka nako ya fa go ne go fetolwa go nna le boipuso, seno se ne se akaretsa go naya badiredibagolo maatla le go lekanyetsa puso ya molao ka boyone. Mo dinageng tse dingwe tse dintsi tsa morago ga bokoloniale, seno se ne sa dira gore go nne le puso e e gagametseng ka dingwagangwaga.<ref name=":12" /> Kgabagare, jaaka puso ya bokoloniale ya Boritane e ne e simolola go fokotsega, Seretse Khama o ne a kopana le maloko a Aforika a khansele ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bobedi (1962) go bopa [[Bechuanaland Democratic Party]] (BDP).<ref name=":13">[https://mg.co.za/article/2019-10-17-khamas-hand-still-rocks-botswana/ "Khama's hand still rocks Botswana"]. The Mail & Guardian. 2019-10-17. Retrieved 2022-03-10.</ref><ref name=":3" />Morago ga moo, ka bonako fela morago ga tiragalo e, setlhopha se se neng se bopilwe ke dikgosana, baagi ba basweu, le maloko a makoko a sepolotiki a Botswana a a neng a sa tswa go tlhomiwa a ne a kopana go tla go kwala Molaotheo wa Botswana wa isago. Mo Molaotheong ono go ne go na le dikakanyo tsa bokopano jwa Sechaba. Morago ga moo, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe wa ngwana wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le botlhano (1965), ditlhopho tsa ntlha di ne tsa diragala ka makoko a sepolotiki a le mararo a tsaya karolo mo letsholong leno. BDP e ne ya fenya masome a robabobedi le bongwe lekgolong ya diboutu le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ya ditulo tse masome a mararo le bongwe tse di leng teng mo kgotlapeomolao. Go ise go ye kae morago ga ditlhopho tse, naga e ne ya bona boipuso ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le borataro (1966).<ref name=":0" /> === Morago ga boipuso le puso ya BDP === Le fa dinaga di le dintsi tsa Aforika di nnile le puso ya lekoko le le lengwe ka dingwagangwaga go fitlha ka dingwaga tsa bo sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe(1990), Botswana e nnile le diphetogo di le tlhano tsa boporesitente ka kagiso le temokerasi ya makoko a le mantsi e e tlhomameng fa e sale go bona boipuso. Botswana Democratic Party, eo pele e neng e bitswa Bechuanaland Democratic Party, e nnile le bontsi jwa ditulo mo Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba go tloga ka boipuso go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024) mme e ntse e le letshwao la mokgatlho wa kgololosego ya setšhaba.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5" /><ref name=":13" /> Go farologana le BDP, makoko a kganetso mo Kopanong ya setšhaba a ntse a fetoga fa e sale go bona boipuso. Ka dingwaga tsa bo1990, go nna mo metsesetoropong le go tlhagelela ka bonako ga lephata la meepo go ne ga koafatsa motheo wa sepolotiki wa BDP o o neng o ikaegile ka temothuo. Ka ntlha ya go sa tlhomamang gono, makoko mangwe a kganetso a ne a kgona go kopana le Botswana National Front (BNF) mme a batla a bopa lekoko le le kopaneng la kganetso go lwantsha BDP. Le fa go ntse jalo, kwa bokhutlong jwa dingwaga tsa bo ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le borobabongwe (1990), BNF e ne ya thubega mme ya se ka ya kgona go gaisana le BDP gape. <ref name=":7" /> Le fa go ntse jalo, le fa go na le kganetso e e sa tlhomamang, go busa ga BDP go dirile gore maloko a makoko a kganetso a tshwenyege ka gore a bokopano jwa Sechaba e ka kgona go laola Moporesitente. Ka mo go kgethegileng, ba le bantsi ba bona bothata ka go tlhoka kgaogano magareng ga bokopano jwa Sechaba le khuduthamaga mo go tlhamiweng ga Palamente.<ref name=":9" /><ref name=":10" />Mo godimo ga matshwenyego a, barutegi ba saense ya sepolotiki jaaka David Sebudubudu ba lemoga gore Tautona o na le tlhotlheletso e e tlhamaletseng mo baemeding ba Palamente ka gore 42% ya bokopano jwa Sechaba le yona e mo Kabineteng ya Tautona. Mo tshosong ya Ntlobokopano jwa Sechaba, Sebudubudu le badirammogo ba gagwe ba tlhalosa gore boikanyego le maikemisetso a botho a ka kgoreletsa bokgoni jwa maloko a lekoko la BDP go dira ka kgololosego mo Ntlokokoano. Go tswa mo matshwenyegong a kakaretso, ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi (1988) bokopano jwa Sechaba e fetisitse tshisinyo e e rotloetsang go kgaogana ga Palamente, mme ka jalo Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba, go tswa mo ofising ya Tautona.<ref name=":9" />Morago, ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bobedi (2002), sebui Ray Molomo o ne a buisa tshisinyo eno fa a ne a kopa setlhopha se se kgethegileng go lebelela go bopa bokopano jwa Sechaba e e ikemetseng ka nosi go tswa mo lekgotleng la khuduthamaga. <ref name=":1" />Mo dingwageng tsa bo diketetse pedi le lesome (2010), go tshwenngwa ke maatla a puso go ne ga dira gore lekoko la kganetso, Botswana Movement for Democracy (BMD), le latofatse BDP ka go re ke puso e e gagametseng.<ref name=":4" /> Go na le go tshwenyega ka gore BDP e na le maemo a a kwa godimo, gape go na le go tlhobaela ka gore go na le basadi ba le mmalwa fela ba e leng maloko a Palamente mo Kopano ya setšhaba. Morago ga ditlhopho tsa setšhaba tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe (2009 )fa basadi ba le babedi fela ba ne ba tlhophiwa ka tlhamalalo go nna maloko a lekgotla, baitsesaense bangwe ba sepolotiki jaaka Gretchen Bauer ba ne ba supa fa ba tshwenyegile ka gore kemedi ya basadi e ne e sa oketsege fa nako e ntse e tsamaya. Le fa basadi ba ba leng mo ditlhophong gantsi ba le mo kgaisanong mo ditlhophong, gantsi go thata mo go bone go fetela kwa pele mo dikgatong tsa ditlhopho tsa makoko a sepolotiki. <ref name=":8" />Mo godimo ga moo, go ya ka mokgwa o wa kemedi, bakanoki ba ba tshwanang le James Kirby le bone ba tlhalositse gore go na le sebaka se sennye sa ditlhopha tsa merafe e e kwa tlase jaaka Basarwa go tlhalosa maikutlo a bona mo Kopano ya setšhaba. <ref>Kirby, James (26 October 2019). [https://qz.com/africa/1736199/the-story-behind-botswana-closest-ever-election/ "The story behind Botswana's closest-ever election and how its consequences will play out"]. Quartz. Retrieved 2022-04-27.</ref> Morago ga ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019), matshwenyego ka basadi ba le mmalwa ba ba neng ba le maloko a Palamente a ne a tlhagelela gape fa basadi ba le bararo fela ba ne ba tlhophiwa go nna maloko a Palamente ya setšhaba. Go rarabolola bothata jono, Tautona [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]] o ne a tlhopha basadi ba le banè gore ba nne mo ditulong tse di tlhophilweng ka tsela e e kgethegileng. Mongwe wa maloko a a neng a tlhophilwe e ne e le molweladiphetogo yo o itsegeng wa ditshwanelo tsa batho e bong Dr. [[Unity Dow]] le motlhankedi wa tsa madi [[Peggy Serame]].<ref>Chikura, Mountjoy (2019-06-11). [https://www.africanews.com/2019/11/06/here-w-why-botswana-s-president-nominated-4-female-mps/ "Here's why Botswana's president nominated four female MPs".] ''Africanews''. Retrieved 2022-03-12.</ref> Morago ga go tlhophiwa ga batho bano, go ne ga nna le tiragalo e nngwe e e botlhokwa mo Kopano ya setšhaba ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi (2020). Ka ntlha ya leroborobo la COVID-19, Tautona Masisi o ne a kopa gore go nne le maemo a tshoganyetso a setšhaba ka dikgwedi di le thataro gore go tle go rarabololwe mogare ono. E ne e le la bobedi fela mo hisitoring ya Botswana go dirwa kgoeletso ya maemo a tshoganyetso. Le fa go ntse jalo, le fa gone kwa bofelong Kopano ya setšhaba e ne ya dumela gore go nne le maemo a tshoganyetso a setšhaba ka dikgwedi di le thataro, maloko a makoko a kganetso a ne a sa ntse a tshwenyegile ka ntlha ya maatla a seno se neng se tla a naya poresidente. Ka ntlha ya seo, kganetsano e e neng e le teng ya go amogela maemo a tshoganyetso a setšhaba e ne ya bontshiwa mo thelebišeneng ya bosetšhaba ka maikaelelo a go tokafatsa ponalo. <ref name=":10" />Go ise go ye kae morago ga moo, bokopano jwa Sechaba ya Botswana e ne ya ngoka kgatlhego ya boditšhabatšhaba ka ntlha ya fa maloko otlhe a Palamente, go akaretsa le Tautona, ba ne ba patelediwa go nna kwa thoko ka ntlha ya go tsenwa ke mogare wa COVID-19. <ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-botswana-idUSKCN21R29I]</ref> == Ditlhopho == === Ditiragalo le mekgwa === bokopano jwa Sechaba ke yona fela karolo ya Puso ya Bosetšhaba ya Botswana e e tlhophiwang ke baagi ba poraefete. <ref name=":9" />Botswana e dirisa tsamaiso ya first-past-the-post mo ditlhophong mo bakgethi ba ba nang le diboutu tse dintsi ba fenyang mo dikgaolong tse di nang le leloko le le lengwe. <ref name=":8" />Kwa tshimologong, go ne go boutelwa ka disiki tse di neng di tsamaisana le dikgetho tse di farologaneng go ya ka mmala. Morago ga moo, ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe (1999), ditlhopho tsa bosetšhaba di ne tsa fetolelwa go dirisa dipampiri tsa ditlhopho. <ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/476998.stm "BBC News | Africa | Botswana votes for new assembly".] news.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 2022-03-14.</ref>Malebana le pabalesego ya batlhophi, 89% ya ba ba arabileng patlisiso ya Afrobarometer ba boletse fa ba ne ba kgona go tlhopha ka kgololosego ntle le kgatelelo ya kwa ntle.<ref name=":14">^{[https://afrobarometer.org/publications/summary-results-afrobarometer-round-8-survey-botswana-2019-0 "Summary of results: Afrobarometer Round 8 survey in Botswana in 2019 | Afrobarometer"]. afrobarometer.org. Retrieved 2022-03-10}</ref> Ditlhopho tsa Ntlobokopano jwa Sechaba tsa Botswana di diragala dingwaga dingwe le dingwe di le tlhano, mme ditlhopho tsa bofelo di diragala ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024).<ref name=":5" />Mo makokong mangwe a sepolotiki, ditlhopho tsa maloko a Palamente di etelelwa pele ke ditlhopho tsa pele. Le fa go ntse jalo, go tshwara ditlhopho tsa pele ga se molao kwa Botswana. Mo godimo ga moo, ga jaana ga go na tsamaiso ya dikgetse tsa bong mo ditlhophong tsa bokopano jwa Sechaba.<ref name=":8" /> Mo patlisisong ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019), tshegetso ya tsamaiso ya dikelo ya bong e ne e batla e aroganngwa ka go lekana: 48% e amogetse mme 47% e ganne.<ref name=":14" /> Gore motho a kgone go nna moemedi wa Palamente, o tshwanetse a bo a na le dingwaga di le lesome le borobabobedi, a kwadisitswe go ka tlhopha, e bile e le moagi wa Botswana. Gape ba tshwanetse go kgona go bala le go bua Seesimane.<ref name=":6" /> Mo godimo ga moo, go na le maemo a mo go one motho a ka kgaolelwang tiro. Ka sekai, motho ga a tshwanela go wa, go tsewa gore o a tsenwa, kana go atlholelwa go nna mo kgolegelong lobaka lo lo fetang dikgwedi di le thataro. Gape ga ba ka ke ba nna leloko la Ntlo ya Dikgosi kgotsa motlhankedi wa puso yo o okametseng ditlhopho.<ref name=":6" /> Go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete ,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le botlhano (1965 )go fitlha ka ngwagawa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024), BDP e ne ya fenya bontsi jwa ditulo mo Kopanong ya setšhaba mo ditlhophong tsotlhe. Le fa go ntse jalo, le fa BDP e ne ya bona tshegetso e e tlhomameng (segolo thata go tswa kwa dikgaolong tsa selegae), go ne go na le bosupi jwa gore ditlhopho di ntse di nna le kgaisano go ya pele.<ref name=":7" />Mo dingwageng tsa bo dikete tse pedi (2000), palo ya dikgaolo tsa ditlhopho tsa kgaisano e ne ya oketsega. Mmogo le se, BDP e bone ditulo tse dintsi mo ditlhophong tsa bosheng. <ref name=":7" /> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014), lekgetlo la ntlha mo hisetoring ya setšhaba, makoko a kganetso a ne a fenya bontsi jwa diboutu tsotlhe. <ref name=":4" />Morago ga moo, ka nako ya ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019) wa maloba Ian Khama o ne a fetola boikanyego mme a tshegetsa lekoko la kganetso la Umbrella for Democratic Change (UDC). <ref name=":5" />Le fa go ntse jalo, le fa go na le ditiragalo tse pedi tseno tse di tlhomologileng, BDP e ne ya boloka bontsi jwa ditulo tsa yone mo Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba.[ Mo ditlhophong tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019), BDP e ne ya fenya ditulo di le masome a mabedi le borobabongwe mme UDC e ne e le kwa morago ka ditulo di le lesome le boraro fela. Tse tharo tsa ditulo tse nne tse di setseng di ne tsa ya go Botswana Patriotic Front, fa tse dingwe di ne tsa ya go Alliance for Progressives. <ref name=":5" /> BDP e ne ya fenngwa la ntlha ka ngwga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024), ya bona manno a le nne fela mo go a le masome a marataro le bongwe a a neng a ganetsanwa (lefelo la bone) mme ya bona 30.47% ya diboutu (lefelo la bobedi). Malebana le go nna le seabe ga batlhophi, go ne go na le batlhophi ba le 900,000 ba ba neng ba ikwadiseditse ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi lesome le borobabongwe (2019).<ref name=":2" />Go tlaleletsa, patlisiso ya Afrobarometer ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi lesome le borobabongwe(2019) e bontshitse gore 63% ya batho (64% ya basadi le 62% ya banna) ba ne ba bouta mo ditlhophong tsa palamente tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014). Mo nakong e e fetileng, ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe (1999), go tshwenyega ka go nna le seabe ga batlhophi e ne e le kgang e e tlhagelelang mo dikgannyeng mo nageng. Pele ga ditlhopho tsa , ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe (1999), batho ba le 60 000 ba ba neng ba ka kgona go tlhopha ba ne ba se ka ba tshwanelega ka phoso fa lenaane la batlhophi le ne le wediwa go setse go le thari. [[Festus Mogae]], yo e neng e le Tautona ka nako eo, o ne a goeletsa maemo a ntlha a tshoganyetso mo setšhabeng gore a bitse bokopano jwa Sechaba le go fetisa molao o o letlang batho ba ba neng ba se na ditshwanelo tsa go bouta go ka bouta. <ref name=":14" /> == Metswedi == scxg9nr8n9xhymizk86lecy781l37qp 0 14780 53608 2026-07-30T07:41:18Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Go kentela segajaja sa COVID-19 mo Botswana #Wikipedia25BW 53608 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox event|name=Go kentela segajaja sa COVID-19 mo Botswana|date=Mopitlo a le malatsi a robabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso go tsena gompieno|time=(GMT +2)|Location=[[Botswana]]|cause=[[Segajaja sa COVID-19 mo Botswana]]|target=Segajaja sa COVID-19|budget=didikadike tsa madi a di dolara tsa America di le lesome|organisers=Lephata la botso le boitekanelo|participants=mekento e le dikete di le 150,019 (e dirisitswe ka Seetebosigo a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa 2021) batho ba le 150,019 ba kentilwe gangwe fela batho ba le ;efela ba kentilwe mo go tletseng|website=https://dhis2sms.gov.bw/vaccine/}} '''Go kentela segajaja sa COVID-19 mo Botswana''' ke letsholo le le tsweletseng la go femela batho kgatlhanong le mogare wa corona (SARS-Cov-2), mogare o o bakang bolwetse jwa Coronavirus jwa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabongwe (COVID-19), go tsibogela segajaja se se tsweletseng mo lefatsheng le. Go kenta batho ba le bantsi go simolotse ka Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso, go dirisiwa mokento wa AstraZeneca Covishield pele.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210301171735/https://news.trust.org/item/20210215154035-3mjwo/ "Botswana to use AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine, minister says".] ''news.trust.org''. Archived from [https://news.trust.org/item/20210215154035-3mjwo/ the original] on 1 March 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Go tswa ka Seetebosigo a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso, lefatshe la [[Botswana]] le kentile batho ka mekento e le dikete di le lekgolo masome a matlhano lesome le borobabongwe.<ref>[https://www.statista.com/statistics/1231389/daily-number-of-covid-19-vaccination-doses-in-botswana/ "Botswana: COVID-19 daily vaccine doses 2021".] ''Statista''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210620150523/https://www.statista.com/statistics/1231389/daily-number-of-covid-19-vaccination-doses-in-botswana/ Archived] from the original on 20 June 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref><ref>[https://www.gavi.org/covax-vaccine-roll-out/botswana "COVAX roll-out - Botswana".] ''www.gavi.org''. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20210624195714/https://www.gavi.org/covax-vaccine-roll-out/botswana the original] on 24 June 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> == Tse di diragetseng pele == === Mekento e e rekilweng === {| class="wikitable" |+ !Leina la mokento !Palo ya mekento !e e gorogileng !E e tlhomamisitsweng |- |Pfizer BioNTech |dikete di le lekgol le motso, makgolo a supa le masome a robabongwe |dikete di le lekgol le motso, makgolo a supa le masome a robabongwe |E tlhomamisitswe |- |CoronaVac |Go tlaa itsisiwe |dikete di le makgolo a mabedi |E tlhomamisitswe |- |Covaxin |dikete di le lekgolo, masome a marataro le borataro, makgolo a marataro |dikete di le masome a marataro le borataro, makgolo a marataro |E tlhomamisitswe |- |Janssen |sedikadike, dikete di le makgolo a mabedi |0 |E tlhomamisitswe |- |Moderna |dikete di le makgolo a matlhano |0 |E tlhomamisitswe |- |Oxford-AstraZeneca<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-health-coronavirus-botswana-idUSKBN2AF1JG "Botswana to use AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine, health minister says".] ''Reuters''. 15 February 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> |dikete di le masome a mararo le borobabobedi, makgolo a mane |dikete di le masome a mararo le borobabobedi, makgolo a mane |E tlhomamisitswe |} == Ditso == === Tatelano ya ditiragalo === '''Tlhakole ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso''' Ka Tlhakole, lefatshe la [[Botswana]] le ne la dirisa madi a di dolara di nna didikadike di le lesome go reka mekento.<ref>[http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/africa/2021-02/18/c_139749569.htm "Botswana to start COVID-19 vaccination in March - Xinhua | English.news.cn".] ''www.xinhuanet.com''. Archived from the original on 6 March 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> '''Mopitlo ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso''' Tshimologo ya mekento ya ba ba dingwaga di masome a matlhano le botlhano le go feta (legato lantlha) ka Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borataro, pele ka mekento ya Covishield e le dikete di le masome a mararo e e abetsweng lefatshe ke lefatshe la [[India]] le e le dikete di le masome a mararo le boraro le makgolo a marataro e e rekilweng ka COVAX.<ref>Mguni, Mbongeni; Basimanebotlhe, Tsaone (26 March 2021). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/vaccination-starts-today-health-ps/news-112557 "Vaccination starts today – Health PS"]. ''Mmegi''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref><ref>MGUNI, MBONGENI (21 May 2021). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/botswana-dodges-bullet-as-india-suspends-vaccine-exports/news "Mmegi Online :: Botswana dodges bullet as India suspends vaccine exports".] ''Mmegi Online''. Archived from the original on 14 June 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref><ref>[https://finance.yahoo.com/news/1-botswana-astrazeneca-covid-19-164147501.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnLw&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAII1hifKbgblx9fk8JmfGy1Vsda8MwB9BP7pxLFtTMEFvTjZ71LhR4wraPZ141UsJStZ3d-J714oy9h8UOeFcP6dhaUr26oIf9uVMsoilR0ojnC065cnwneU1lJd32DHaxgZ1wcvYDNHkUydB9wVXzAAu4F_sMf8pJAwYfWxqALb "UPDATE 1-Botswana to use AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine, minister says".] ''[[:en:Yahoo_Finance|Yahoo! Finance]]''. Reuters. Archived from the original on 24 June 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> '''Moranang ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso''' Mo dibekeng tse nne tsa ntlha batho ba le dikete di le masome a mane le bosupa, lekgolo le masome a marataro ba ne ba amogela mokento wa ntlha.<ref>[https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/61976 "Over 47 000 vaccinated".] ''Daily News''. 26 April 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210426223042/http://www.dailynews.gov.bw/news-details.php?nid=61976 Archived] from the original on 26 April 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Morago ga beke, ka Moranang a le masome a mararo, palo ya ba ba kentilweng e ne e oketsegile go nna dikete di le masome a mane le borobabongwe, makgolo a robabobedi masome a robabobedi le bobedi.<ref>MGUNI, MBONGENI (11 June 2021). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/govt-taps-private-sector-for-p590m-vaccine-shortfall/news "Mmegi Online :: Govt taps private sector for P590m vaccine shortfall".] ''Mmegi Online''. Archived from the original on 14 June 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref><ref>[https://reliefweb.int/report/democratic-republic-congo/unhcr-covid-19-response-southern-africa-1-30-april-2021 "UNHCR COVID-19 Response: Southern Africa, 1 - 30 April 2021 - Democratic Republic of the Congo".] ''ReliefWeb''. 24 May 2021. Archived from the original on 12 June 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> '''Motsheganong ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso''' Batho ba le dikete di le masome a mane le borobabongwe makgolo a robabongwe masome a matlhano le borobabongwe ba ne ba amogela mokento wa ntlha ka Motsheganong a le malatsi a mararo; ba le dikete di le masome a matlhano le boraro, makgolo a mararo masome a supa le botlhano ka Motsheganong a le malatsi a supa; le dikete di le lekgolo masome a mane le bobedi, makgolo a robabobedi masome a. marataro le borobabongwe ka Motsheganong a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi.<ref name=":0">Mguni, Mbongeni (3 June 2021). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/moderna-confirms-supply-deal-with-botswana/news "Moderna confirms supply deal with Botswana".] ''Mmegi''. Archived from the original on 3 June 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Ka Motsheganong a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe, lefatshe la Botswana le ne la amogela mekento e le dikete di le masome a mararo le borobabobedi, le makgolo a mane ya Oxford-AstraZeneca ka lenaneo la COVAX, e rulagantswe ke lekgotla la [[UNICEF Botswana]].<ref>Nimi Princewill (19 May 2021). [https://edition.cnn.com/2021/05/19/africa/covid-19-vaccine-wastage-africa-intl-cmd/index.html "African countries have struggled to secure enough Covid-19 vaccines. So why are thousands of doses going to waste?".] ''CNN''. Archived from the original on 16 June 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref><ref>[https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20210614005371/en/Moderna-Submits-Authorization-Application-for-its-COVID-19-Vaccine-in-Adolescents-in-Switzerland Moderna Submits Authorization Application for its COVID-19 Vaccine in Adolescents in Switzerland"]. ''www.businesswire.com''. 14 June 2021. Archived from the original on 14 June 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> '''Seetebosigo ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso''' Ka Seetebosigo a le malatsi a mararo lefatshe la Botswana le ne la amogela mekento ya Pfizer-BioNTech ka lenaneo la COVAX e le dikete di le lesome le borobabongwe makgolo a robabobedi le masome a robabongwe. Tumalano ya go tsisa mekento e e dirilweng le Moderna e ne ya itsisewe.<ref name=":0" /><ref>[https://in.search.yahoo.com/?fr2=inr "Botswana President receives first injection of Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine".] ''in.news.yahoo.com''. Archived from the original on 13 June 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026.</ref><ref>[https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/moderna-enters-supply-deal-with-botswana-covid-19-vaccine-2021-06-03/ "Moderna enters supply deal with Botswana for COVID-19 vaccine".] Reuters. 3 June 2021. Archived from the original on 15 March 2023. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Ka Seetebosigo ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bone lefatshe la Botswana le ne la amogela mekento ya CoronaVac e le dikete di le makgolo a mabedi.<ref name=":1">Kgamanyane, Nnasaretha (2 July 2021). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/phase-two-covid-19-vaccine-to-commence/news "Phase Two COVID-19 vaccine to commence".] ''Mmegi''. Archived from the original on 9 July 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Ka mafelo a kgwedi batho ba le dikete di le masome a robabongwe le motso, makgolo a mane masome a robabobedi le bobedi ba ne ba kentilwe mo go tletseng. '''Phukwi ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso''' Go kentiwa ga batho ba ba dingwaga di le masome a matlhano le botlhano le go feta go ne ga tswelela ka Phukwi a le malatsi a matlhano. Matona a lephata la botsogo ba ne ba itsise maikaelelo a bone a go atolosa mokento kwa go ba ba dingwaga di le masome a mararo go tsena masome a matlhano le bone ka mafelo a Phukwi.<ref name=":1" /> Ka Phukwi a le lesome le borataro, lephata ka botsogo le boitekanelo le ne la bega fa go na le tlhaelo ya mekento ya Oxford-AstraZeneca e le dikete di le lesome le botlhano, e e neng e solofetswe go ka bo e gorogile ka Seetebosigo a simologa. Go baakanya seemo sa tlhaelo le go netefatsa gore ba ba setseng ba tsere mokento wa ntlha wa Oxford-AstraZeneca ba amogela mokento wa bone wa bobedi mo dibekeng di le lesome le bobedi tsa wa ntlha, lephata le ne la gakolola gore ba tseye mokento wa Moderna kgotsa Pfizer-BioNTech mo legatong la bobedi gore fa go ka direga gore Oxford-AstraZeneca e bo e seo.<ref>Phakedi, Tebogo (17 July 2021). [https://www.sabcnews.com/sabcnews/botswana-to-use-other-vaccines-for-second-shots-due-to-delay-in-delivery-of-astrazeneca/ "Botswana to use other vaccines for second shots due to delay in delivery of AstraZeneca"]. SABC. Archived from the original on 17 July 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Ka Phukwi  a le masome mararo, tona wa botsogo le boitekanelo o ne a itsise setshaba gore mo mekentong e le didikadike di le pedi e e rekilweng, go gorogile e le dikete di le makgolo mabedi masome a robabobedi le bobedi makgolo a robabobedi masome a robabongwe.<ref>Mguni, Mbongeni; Basimanebotlhe, Tsaone (3 August 2021). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/frustrations-grow-as-only-14-purchased-vaccines-arrive/news "Frustrations grow as only 14% purchased vaccines arrive".] Mmegi. Archived from the original on 8 August 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Ka mafelo a kgwedi batho ba le dikete di le lekgolo masome a mabedi le bosupa makgolo a mararo masome a marataro le bobedi ba ne ba feditse mekento ya bone yotlhe. '''Phatwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso''' [[Setshwantsho:The United States Delivers COVID-19 Vaccine Doses to Botswana (51391201321).jpg|thumb|Lefatshe la US le romela mekento ya Pfizer-BioNTech ya COVID-19 kwa [[Botswana]] e le bontlha jwa lenaneo la COVAX ka ngwaga wa 2021]] Lefatshe la US le tsisa mekento ya Pfizer-BioNTech ya COVID-19 kwa Botswana e le bontlha jwa lenaneo la COVAX ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso ka Phatwe, mookamedi wa lekgotla la bopelotlhomogi le ga tautona wa pele [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] la Khama Foundation le ne la ntsha mokwalo o o reng lekgotla le amogetse mekento e le didikadike di le pedi ya Oxford-AstraZeneca le e le didikadike di le pedi ya Pfizer-BioNTech, e e tswang kwa femeng ya U.S ya KKM Global Group. Lekgotla le ne la re puso e reke mekento e e didikadike di le nne eo, mme le tlhoka tshwetso mo malatsing a le matlhano a pereko. Dikompone tsa Pfizer le AstraZeneca di ne tsa ganetsa gore di isitse mekento epe kwa KKM Global Group.<ref>Chakamba, Rumbi (12 August 2021). [https://www.devex.com/news/is-botswana-s-private-covid-19-vaccine-offer-too-good-to-be-true-100580 "Is Botswana's private COVID-19 vaccine offer too good to be true?".] Devex. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref><ref>Pheage, Tefo (11 August 2021). [https://www.thegazette.news/news/pfizer-denies-vaccine-middlemen/ "Pfizer denies vaccine middlemen".] The Botswana Gazette. Archived from the original on 22 August 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Ka Phatwe a le malatsi a robabobedi, lefatshe la Botswana le ne la amogela mekento ya Oxford AstraZeneca e ke dikete di le masome a mararo le borobabobedi, makgolo a mane, ya salwa morago ke e le dikete di le lekgolo le borobabobedi ya Janssen.<ref>[https://bw.usembassy.gov/the-united-states-donates-81900-doses-of-pfizer-vaccine-to-botswana/ "The United States donates 81,900 doses of Pfizer vaccine to Botswana".] U.S. Embassy in Botswana. 20 August 2021. Archived from the original on 21 August 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Ka Phatwe a le lesome le borobabongwe, le ne la amogela mekento ya Pfizer-BioNTech e le dikete di robabobedi le motso makgolo a robabongwe e e le abetsweng ke lefatshe la [[USA|United States]].<ref>Dube, Mqondisi (14 August 2021). [https://www.voanews.com/a/covid-19-pandemic_botswana-tightens-covid-19-restrictions-amid-rising-death-toll/6209581.html "Botswana tightens COVID-19 restrictions amid rising death toll".] VOA. Archived from the original on 22 August 2021. Retrieved 30 JULY 2026</ref> Ka Phatwe a le masome a mabedi le boraro, kgaolo ya Gaborone le metse e e mabapi e ne e feletswe ke mokento wa Oxford-AstraZeneca, Janssen le CoronaVac, ya tshwanelwa ke go emisa mekento ya ntlha go fitlhelela setshaba se itsisiwe gape, fa mekento e mengwe e sena go goroga. Mekento e ne ya tswelela morago ga kgwedi. Fa kgwedi e fela, batho ba le dikete di le makgolo a mararo masome a mararo le bosupa, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe ba ne ba amogetse mekento ya ntlha fa ba le dikete di le makgolo a mabedi lesome le botlhano, makgolo a matlhano le bobedi ba ne ba amogetse mekento yotlhe ka bobedi. '''Lwetse ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso''' Ka Lwetse a le malatsi a matlhano, lefatshe la Botswana le ne la amogela mekento ya CoronaVac e le dikete di le makgolo a mane le bone, makgolo a mane masome a robabongwe le bone.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210906101511/https://news.fr-24.com/nouvelles/176831.html "Le Botswana reçoit plus de 404 000 vaccins Sinovac COVID-19".] ''News FR-24'' (in French). 5 September 2021. Archived from the original on 6 September 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Ka Lwetse a le lesome le borobabobedi, lefatshe la Botswana le ne la amogela mekento e le lekgolo le motso makgolo a supa le masome a marataro a mekento ya Oxford-AstraZeneca e le dikete di le makgolo a mane le motso, makgolo a mabedi le masome a robabobedi e e abetsweng lefatshe ke lefatshe la Germany.<ref>[https://www.gavi.org/news/media-room/first-delivery-german-donated-covid-vaccines-covax-land-mauritania-other-deliveries "First delivery of German-donated COVID vaccines to COVAX land in Mauritania, with other deliveries to follow".] Gavi. 8 September 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Ka Lwetse a le masome mabedi le boraro, lefatshe la Botswana le ne la amogela mekento ya Janssen e le dikete di le masome a matlhano le makgolo a mane e e neng e abilwe ke lefatshe la [[Aforika Borwa]]. '''Phalane ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso''' Ka Phalane a le lesome le bone, lefatshe la Botswana le ne la amogela mekento ya ntlha e le dikete di le masome a mane le borobabongwe le makgolo a mabedi ka tumalano le Moderna e e dirilweng ka Seetebosigo ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso. Morago ga beke, le ne la amogela mekento e le masome a supa le bobedi ya Janssen e rekilweng ka letlole la African Vaccine Acquisition, ya salwa morafo ke e mengwe ya one mofuta o o e le dikete di le masome a supa le bobedi ka Phalane a le masome mabedi le botlhano le ele dikete di le masome a matlhano le bosupa le makgolo a marataro ka Phalane a le masome mararo. Ka mafelo a kgwedi batho ba le dikete di le makgolo a mararo masome a robabobedi le boraro, makgolo a mararo le masome a mabedi ba ne ba feditse mokento, e le masome a mane mo lekgolong la palo ya batho e e neng e tshwanetse go kentiwa. '''Ngwanatsele ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso''' Ka Ngwanatsele a le lesome le borobabobedi, lefatshe la Botswana le ne la amogela mekento ya Pfizer-BioNTech e le dikete di le lekgolo makgolo a mabedi le masome a marataro ka lenaneo la COVAX. Ka mafelo a kgwedi batho ba le dikete di le makgolo a matlhano lesome le borobabongwe, makgolo a matlhano masome a mane le bone ba ne ba tsere mekento yotlhe, e le masome a robabongwe le boraro mo lekgolong la palo yotlhe ya batho ba ba neng ba tshwanetse go tsaya mokento. '''Morule ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso''' Lefatshe la Botswana le amogetse mekento ya Pfizer-BioNTech e le dikete di le makgolo a matlhano masome a mabedi le botlhano, makgolo a mabedi le masome a mararo ka Morule a le malatsi a mabedi; dikete di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a supa a mokento o o tshwanang ka Morule a le malatsi a marataro; sekete se le lekgolo masome a matlhano le motso, makgolo a mabedi le dikete di le masome a supa le borobabongwe makgolo a mabedi a mokento wa Janssen ka Morule a le malatsi a marataro le a robabobedi ka tatelano. Ka Morule a le lesome le bobedi le ne la amogela mekento ya Janssen e le dikete di le masome a supa le bobedi le ya Oxford-AstraZeneca e le dikete di le masome a supa le bobedi e setswe morago ke e le dikete di le makgolo a supa masome a mararo le bosupa le lekgolo la ya Pfizer-BioNTech ka Morule a le lesome le borataro. Ka mafelo a kgwedi batho ba le sedikadike le boraro ba ne ba amogetse mekento yotlhe, e le palo e e fetang e e neng e akanyeditswe. '''Firikgong ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bobedi''' Ka mafelo a kgwedi batho ba feta sedikadike le motso ba ne ba amogetse mekento yotlhe, ba fitile palo kakanyetso. '''Tlhakole ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bobedi''' Ka mafelo a kgwedi batho ba feta sedikadike le bone ba ne ba amogetse mekengo yotlhe, ba feta palo e e neng e rulaganyeditswe. '''Moranang ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bobedi''' Ka mafelo a kgwedi batho ba feta sedikadike le borobabongwe ba ne ba amogetse mekento yotlhe, ba fetile palo ya batho ba ba neng ba rulaganyeditswe. == Metswedi == 02pt2iucj3jjpfthscjzh07sfurwqyt 0 14781 53614 2026-07-30T08:57:11Z Lonkiey 12521 ke kwadile ka social media ka tsenya le ditshupetso 53614 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Social media collection 2020s.png|thumb|Se e setshwantsho sa mafaratlhatlha a Social Media.]] '''Social media''' e itsiwe ele metswedi ya dikgang. Ke setlhopha sa dithala le ditiriso tsa mo inthaneteng tse di dumelelang batho go buisan, go abelana [[tshedimosetso]] le go ikgolaganya le ba bangwe mo lefatsheng lotlhe. Batho ba dirisa mafelo a go ikgolaganya le batho mo inthaneteng go romelana ditshwantsho, dividio, melaetsa le dikgang<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-07-21 |title=Social media {{!}} Definition, History, Examples, & Facts {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/social-media |access-date=2026-07-30 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref>. E re thusa gape le ka go kgona go ikgolaganya le ditsala tsa rona tse di leng kgakala le tse di leng gaufi le go kgona go bua le ba lelapa la rona ba baleng kwa dikgang. Batho ba dirisa metswedi ya tshedimosetso mo difounung, matlapana(tablets) le di khomputara ba dirisa inthanete.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.apa.org/topics/social-media-internet |access-date=2026-07-30 |website=www.apa.org}}</ref> Social media e re thusa thata ka gonne re fitlhela dikgang ka bonako , dilo tse di diragalang lefatshe ka bophara re kgona go itse ka tsona. E dumelela le baithuti ba dikolo tse dikgolwane go fitlhela tshedimosetso ka dithuto tsa bona ka bonako le barutabana. Batho mo lefatsheng ba kgona go dirisa yona mafaratlhatlha a go kgona go ikgolaganya le batho ekaba ditsala, baratani le ba lelapa. E dirile matshelo a rona abe bonolo tota ka gonne ga re sa dirisa makwalo go bua le ba baleng kwa kgakala, batho ba kgona go dira dikopanelo tsa bona ka inthanete ntse ba le kgakala. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The benefits of social media |url=https://www.ukri.org/councils/esrc/impact-toolkit-for-economic-and-social-sciences/how-to-use-social-media/the-benefits-of-social-media/ |access-date=2026-07-30 |language=en-GB}}</ref> Le fa gone metswedi ya go ikgolaganya le batho mo [[inthaneteng]] e nale le mosola e mentsi gape e nale ditlamorago tse di seng monate. Fa e dirisiwa thata e ka feleletsa e dira ka bonya, ka nako engwe tshedimosetso e eo fitlhelang o ka ftlhela e se ya nnete ka gonne batho ba kgona go itirela tshedimosetso ya bona. Mo gongwe batho ba oiphitlhelang o bolela le bona osa baitse oka fitlhela ba dira kgwebiso ka batho kgotsa o ka fitlhela le batho ba ba tsietsang ba bangwe. Ka jalo mafaratlhatlha a a tshwanetse go dirisiwa ka botlhale.<ref>{{Cite web |title=15 Dangers of Social Media & How to Avoid Them |url=https://www.mcmillenhealth.org/tamtalks/dangers-of-social-media |access-date=2026-07-30 |website=McMillen Health |language=en-US}}</ref> == TSHUPETSO == <references /> [[Karolo:Social Media]] 8grsornat1q0lkm0f6by2ktu1g1dwy6 53615 53614 2026-07-30T09:00:02Z Lonkiey 12521 changed my category 53615 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Social media collection 2020s.png|thumb|Se e setshwantsho sa mafaratlhatlha a Social Media.]] '''Social media''' e itsiwe ele metswedi ya dikgang. Ke setlhopha sa dithala le ditiriso tsa mo inthaneteng tse di dumelelang batho go buisan, go abelana [[tshedimosetso]] le go ikgolaganya le ba bangwe mo lefatsheng lotlhe. Batho ba dirisa mafelo a go ikgolaganya le batho mo inthaneteng go romelana ditshwantsho, dividio, melaetsa le dikgang<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-07-21 |title=Social media {{!}} Definition, History, Examples, & Facts {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/social-media |access-date=2026-07-30 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref>. E re thusa gape le ka go kgona go ikgolaganya le ditsala tsa rona tse di leng kgakala le tse di leng gaufi le go kgona go bua le ba lelapa la rona ba baleng kwa dikgang. Batho ba dirisa metswedi ya tshedimosetso mo difounung, matlapana(tablets) le di khomputara ba dirisa inthanete.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.apa.org/topics/social-media-internet |access-date=2026-07-30 |website=www.apa.org}}</ref> Social media e re thusa thata ka gonne re fitlhela dikgang ka bonako , dilo tse di diragalang lefatshe ka bophara re kgona go itse ka tsona. E dumelela le baithuti ba dikolo tse dikgolwane go fitlhela tshedimosetso ka dithuto tsa bona ka bonako le barutabana. Batho mo lefatsheng ba kgona go dirisa yona mafaratlhatlha a go kgona go ikgolaganya le batho ekaba ditsala, baratani le ba lelapa. E dirile matshelo a rona abe bonolo tota ka gonne ga re sa dirisa makwalo go bua le ba baleng kwa kgakala, batho ba kgona go dira dikopanelo tsa bona ka inthanete ntse ba le kgakala. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The benefits of social media |url=https://www.ukri.org/councils/esrc/impact-toolkit-for-economic-and-social-sciences/how-to-use-social-media/the-benefits-of-social-media/ |access-date=2026-07-30 |language=en-GB}}</ref> Le fa gone metswedi ya go ikgolaganya le batho mo [[inthaneteng]] e nale le mosola e mentsi gape e nale ditlamorago tse di seng monate. Fa e dirisiwa thata e ka feleletsa e dira ka bonya, ka nako engwe tshedimosetso e eo fitlhelang o ka ftlhela e se ya nnete ka gonne batho ba kgona go itirela tshedimosetso ya bona. Mo gongwe batho ba oiphitlhelang o bolela le bona osa baitse oka fitlhela ba dira kgwebiso ka batho kgotsa o ka fitlhela le batho ba ba tsietsang ba bangwe. Ka jalo mafaratlhatlha a a tshwanetse go dirisiwa ka botlhale.<ref>{{Cite web |title=15 Dangers of Social Media & How to Avoid Them |url=https://www.mcmillenhealth.org/tamtalks/dangers-of-social-media |access-date=2026-07-30 |website=McMillen Health |language=en-US}}</ref> == TSHUPETSO == <references /> [[Karolo:Inthanete]] 75wihly2e0h45gmyimlpkezvecojj85 0 14782 53616 2026-07-30T09:02:16Z Lonkiey 12521 ke tlhamile ditlhomo ka Social Media 53616 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Social media collection 2020s.png|thumb|Se e setshwantsho sa mafaratlhatlha a Social Media.]] '''Social media''' e itsiwe ele metswedi ya dikgang. Ke setlhopha sa dithala le ditiriso tsa mo inthaneteng tse di dumelelang batho go buisan, go abelana [[tshedimosetso]] le go ikgolaganya le ba bangwe mo lefatsheng lotlhe. Batho ba dirisa mafelo a go ikgolaganya le batho mo inthaneteng go romelana ditshwantsho, dividio, melaetsa le dikgang<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-07-21 |title=Social media {{!}} Definition, History, Examples, & Facts {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/social-media |access-date=2026-07-30 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref>. E re thusa gape le ka go kgona go ikgolaganya le ditsala tsa rona tse di leng kgakala le tse di leng gaufi le go kgona go bua le ba lelapa la rona ba baleng kwa dikgang. Batho ba dirisa metswedi ya tshedimosetso mo difounung, matlapana(tablets) le di khomputara ba dirisa inthanete.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.apa.org/topics/social-media-internet |access-date=2026-07-30 |website=www.apa.org}}</ref> Social media e re thusa thata ka gonne re fitlhela dikgang ka bonako , dilo tse di diragalang lefatshe ka bophara re kgona go itse ka tsona. E dumelela le baithuti ba dikolo tse dikgolwane go fitlhela tshedimosetso ka dithuto tsa bona ka bonako le barutabana. Batho mo lefatsheng ba kgona go dirisa yona mafaratlhatlha a go kgona go ikgolaganya le batho ekaba ditsala, baratani le ba lelapa. E dirile matshelo a rona abe bonolo tota ka gonne ga re sa dirisa makwalo go bua le ba baleng kwa kgakala, batho ba kgona go dira dikopanelo tsa bona ka inthanete ntse ba le kgakala. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The benefits of social media |url=https://www.ukri.org/councils/esrc/impact-toolkit-for-economic-and-social-sciences/how-to-use-social-media/the-benefits-of-social-media/ |access-date=2026-07-30 |language=en-GB}}</ref> Le fa gone metswedi ya go ikgolaganya le batho mo [[inthaneteng]] e nale le mosola e mentsi gape e nale ditlamorago tse di seng monate. Fa e dirisiwa thata e ka feleletsa e dira ka bonya, ka nako engwe tshedimosetso e eo fitlhelang o ka ftlhela e se ya nnete ka gonne batho ba kgona go itirela tshedimosetso ya bona. Mo gongwe batho ba oiphitlhelang o bolela le bona osa baitse oka fitlhela ba dira kgwebiso ka batho kgotsa o ka fitlhela le batho ba ba tsietsang ba bangwe. Ka jalo mafaratlhatlha a a tshwanetse go dirisiwa ka botlhale.<ref>{{Cite web |title=15 Dangers of Social Media & How to Avoid Them |url=https://www.mcmillenhealth.org/tamtalks/dangers-of-social-media |access-date=2026-07-30 |website=McMillen Health |language=en-US}}</ref> == TSHUPETSO == <references /> [[Karolo:Inthanete]] 75wihly2e0h45gmyimlpkezvecojj85 0 14783 53618 2026-07-30T09:28:37Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Ngwaga wa 2022 mo Botswana #Wikipedia25BW 53618 wikitext text/x-wiki Lefatshe la [[Botswana]] le ne ka tswelela ka go lwantsha [[Segajaja sa Covid-19 mo Botswana|segajaja sa COVID-19]] ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bobedi, go akaretsa go bonwa ga mofuta wa COVID-19 wa Omicron BA.4 le BA.5, ka dikiletso tsa COVID-19 di repisiwa ka Phalane. Dikgotlhang di ne tsa tswelela ka go nna teng mabapi le [[molelwane wa Botswana le Namibia]], le ntswa go ne ga diriwa lenaneo la molelwane o o butsweng ka Lwetse. Kgotlhang gareng ga ga tautona [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]] le o a neng a mo tlhatlhama [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] e ne ya ya magoletsa ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bobedi, e gakadiwa ke katlholo ya ditlhobolo kgatlhanong le Khama le mokwalo wa go mo tshwara. Puso gape e ne ya itemogela dikganetsano ka go ema nokeng ga ditshutiso tse di tlaa e neelang maatla a mangwe a go nna le baela dilotlhoko ba sephiri le go laola babegadikgang. == Babusi ba nako eo == Tautona:[[Mokgweetsi Masisi]] Mothusa tautona: [[Slumber Tsogwane]] [[Motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente ya Botswana|Motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente:]] [[Phandu Skelemani]] Moatlhodimogolo: [[Terence Rannowane]] == Tse di tsweletseng == * Ngwaga wa dikete pedi le masome a mabedi go tsena dikete di le pedi masome a mabedi le bobedi Ditlou tsa Botswana di a tlhokafala * [[Segajaja sa Covid-19 mo Botswana|Segajaja sa COVID-19 mo Botswana]] * [[Go kentela segajaja sa COVID-19 mo Botswana]] == Ditiragalo == === Firikgong === * Firikgong a le malatsi a mararo go tsena a le lesome le bobedi - tautona Masisi o tsena mo serubing morago ga go fitlhelwa a na le mogare wa COVID-19 mme a sa supe dikai dipe.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/botswanas-president-isolation-after-testing-positive-covid-19-2022-01-03/ "Botswana's president ends isolation after asymptomatic COVID-19".] ''Reuters''. 2022-01-12. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Firikgong a le lesome le motso - seopedi sa [[Aforika Borwa]] [[Makhadzi]] o itsise fa a tlaa dira moletlo wa mosadi a le mongwe mo Botswana, dipoelo tsa one di tsewa ke lefatshe , mo go neng ga baka ngangisano kwa ga gabo kwa [[Limpopo]].<ref>Gaanakgomo, Constance (2022-01-12). [https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2022-01-12-makhadzi-responds-to-criticism-over-botswana-show-instead-of-having-one-back-home/ "Makhadzi responds to criticism over Botswana show instead of having one back home".] ''TimesLIVE''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Firikgong a le lesome le bobedi - kompone ya Botswana Diamonds e bega fa kimberlite e e fitlhelwang mo porojekeng ya yone ya noka ya Aforika Borwa e e mitlwa e feta e e neng e solofetswe, e baka gore e ya kwa godimo ka 19%.<ref>[https://www.mining.com/botswana-diamonds-shares-shoot-up-on-thorny-river-potential/ "Botswana Diamonds shares shoot up on Thorny River potential".] ''Mining.com''. 2022-01-12. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Firikgong a le lesome le borobabobedi -  [[puso ya Botswana]] e simolola go phatlhalatsa mekento ya tlaleletso ya COVID-19.<ref>Ndebele, Lenin (2022-01-26). [https://www.news24.com/africa/news/botswana-has-stockpile-of-3-million-covid-19-vaccines-starts-offering-booster-jabs-20220126 "Botswana has stockpile of 3 million Covid-19 vaccines, starts offering booster jabs".] ''News24''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Firikgong a le masome mabedi - masole a Botswana a rolwa molato wa dipolao tsa batho ba [[Namibia]] mo [[Molelwane wa Botswana le Namibia|molelwaneng wa Botswana-Namibia]], go thatafatsa botsalano jwa mafatshe o o mabedi.<ref>Lute, Aubrey (2022-01-31). [https://weekendpost.co.bw/33387/news/namibia-mulling-action-against-botswana-over-bdf-inquest-ruling/ "Namibia mulling action against Botswana over BDF inquest ruling".] ''Weekend Post''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Firikgong a le masome mabedi le bone ** Tautona Masisi o kopana le baemedi ba lekgotla la batho ba ba ratanang ka bong bo le bongwe go bua ka maikaelelo a gagwe a go boela morago go dira go ratana ka bong bo bo tshwanang molato.<ref>Riley, John (2022-01-25). [https://www.metroweekly.com/2022/01/botswanas-president-promises-to-implement-court-ruling-decriminalizing-homosexuality/ "Botswana's president promises to implement court ruling decriminalizing homosexuality".] ''Metro Weekly''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> ** Kgotlatshekelo kgolo ya Botswana e tshegetsa teseletso ya go lema motekwane, e re ga e a tsewa sentle.<ref>Ndebele, Lenin (2022-01-24). [https://www.news24.com/africa/news/botswana-high-court-upholds-marijuana-licence-for-single-firm-to-produce-cannabis-for-goods-20220124 "Botswana High Court upholds marijuana licence for single firm to produce cannabis for goods".] ''News24''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> === Tlhakole === * Tlhakole a rogwa ** [[Palamente ya Botswana]] e dumalana le molao wa dithoto tse di mo maranyaneng go laola cryptocurrency <ref>Mguni, Mbongeni (2022-02-02). [https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-02-02/botswana-to-regulate-crypto-that-was-feared-becoming-wild-west "Botswana to Regulate Crypto That Was Feared Becoming 'Wild West'"]. ''Bloomberg.com''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> ** Vast Resources e ikgogela kwa morago mo tumalanong ya go reka moepo wa diteemane wa Ghaghoo mo Gem Diamonds .<ref>[https://www.mining.com/web/vast-resources-pulls-out-of-deal-to-buy-botswanas-ghaghoo-diamond-mine/ "Vast Resources pulls out of deal to buy Botswana's Ghaghoo diamond mine".] ''Mining.com''. 2022-02-01. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Tlhakole a le malatsi a mane - puso e fetola molao wa go nna le baeladilotlhoko ba sephiri go iletsa go reediwa ga dipuisano tsa sephiri.<ref>Dube, Mqondisi (2022-02-04). [https://www.voanews.com/a/6426756.html "Botswana Government Waters Down Phone Tapping Bill After Public Outcry".] ''VOA''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Tlhakole a le lesome le bone - lefatshe la Botswana le simolola molao wa gore mongwe le mongwe o o tsayang loeto go ya Botswana a kentiwe. Molao o ne wa emisiwa kgwedi e e latelang.<ref>Dube, Mqondisi (2022-03-20). [https://www.voanews.com/a/botswana-drops-vaccine-mandate-for-travelers/6493042.html "Botswana Drops Vaccine Mandate for Travelers".] ''VOA''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le boraro - go nna le go hulana ka ditlhobolo mo Gaborone fa [[Sepodise sa Botswana|sepodisi sa Botswana]] se lwantsha setlhopha sa dithukuthi tse di neng di tshotse ditlhobolo le koloi, ba bolaya ba robabongwe mo go ba le lesome le motso.<ref>Ndebele, Lenin. [https://www.news24.com/africa/news/sa-man-among-9-killed-in-shootout-with-botswana-police-following-cash-in-transit-robbery-20220224 "SA man among 9 killed in shootout with Botswana police, following cash-in-transit robbery".] ''News24''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> === Mopitlo === * Mopitlo a le masome a mabedi le motso - [[Tshekedi Khama II]] le [[Anthony Khama]], bomotsalwa le Ian Khama, ba tshwarwa ke lekgotla la  DISS, ba atolosa kgotlhang gareng ga tautona wa pele Khama le wa nako eo Masisi.<ref>Koboyatau, Tumelo (2022-03-22). [https://weekendpost.co.bw/33888/news/khama-brothers-arrested/ "Khama brothers arrested".] ''Weekend Post''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Keabetswe Makgophe, mookamedi wa sepodisi sa Botswana le ene o a tshwarwa.<ref>[https://www.mmegi.bw/editorial/makgophes-arrest-an-embarrassment/news "Makgophe's arrest an embarrassment".] ''Mmegi Online''. 2022-03-28. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> === Moranang === * Motsomi o bolaya nngwe ya ditlou tse ditona tsa Botswana.<ref>[https://www.sapeople.com/eish-south-african-stuff/iconic-big-tusker-elephant-killed-by-trophy-hunter-in-botswana/ "Iconic Big Tusker Elephant Killed by Trophy Hunter in Botswana".] ''SAPeople''. 2022-04-22. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Kgotlatshekelo e gana kopo ya go letlelela monna o o tlhokafetseng go bolokelwa kwa [[Central Kalahari Game Reserve]].<ref>Letswela, Kagiso (2022-02-28). [https://weekendpost.co.bw/33685/news/govt-fears-backlash-from-ckgr-burial-saga/ "Gov't fears backlash from CKGR burial saga".] ''Weekend Post''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Mmele wa gagwe o tlaa bewa kwa setsidifatsing ka lobaka lo lo sa itsiweng fa go santse go goga goganwa.<ref>Basimanebotlhe, Tsaone (2023-01-24). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/gaoberekwes-body-still-in-morgue/news "Gaoberekwe's body still in morgue".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Moranang a le malatsi a mane - Botho Bayendi o thapiwa go nna mookamedi wa [[Komiti ya lefatshe la Botswana ya metshameko ya di Olympic|komiti ya]] [[Komiti ya lefatshe la Botswana ya metshameko ya di Olympic|lefatshe la Botswana ya metshameko ya di Olympic]].<ref>Bila, Leticia (2022-04-06). [https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1121521/bnoc-appoints-new-chief-executive "Botswana National Olympic Committee appoints new chief executive"]. ''www.insidethegames.biz''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Moranang a le lesome - Ntlhopheng wa [[Umbrella for Democratic Change]] Mankie Sekete o fenya ditlhopho tsa poeletso tsa kgotla ya Bophirima.<ref>Mosinyi, Thato (2022-04-10). [https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/66577 "UDC wins Bophirima ward".] ''Daily News Botswana''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Moranang a le lesome le motso - go lemogiwa mofuta wa COVID-19 wa Omicron BA.4 le BA.5 mo Botswana.<ref>[https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1121521/bnoc-appoints-new-chief-executive "New COVID-19 variant detected in Botswana, Namibia busy doing genomic surveillance".] ''Namibia Economist''. 2022-04-14. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Moranang a le lesome le borataro - motlae wa maranyane o dira gore go nne le tumelo e e seng boammaruri ya gore lefatshe la Botswana le wetswe ke kapoko e le lantlha<ref>[https://economist.com.na/69693/health/new-covid-19-variant-detected-in-botswana-namibia-busy-doing-genomic-surveillance/ "New COVID-19 variant detected in Botswana, Namibia busy doing genomic surveillance".] ''Namibia Economist''. 2022-04-14. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Moranang a le masome mabedi - komiti ya kgololesego ya babegadikgang ba Botswana e a tlhamiwa<ref>Mlilo, Portia (2022-04-21). [https://thevoicebw.com/botswana-media-freedom-committee-launched-2/ "Botswana Media Freedom Committee launched".] ''TheVoiceBW''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Moranang a le masome mabedi le motso - tautona wa pele Khama o bilediwa fa pele ga kgotlatshekelo go bo a tshotse ditlhobolo tse di seng ka fa molaong.<ref>[https://www.africanews.com/2022/04/21/former-botswana-president-faces-criminal-charges/ "Former Botswana president faces criminal charges".] ''Africanews''. 2022-04-21. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> === Motsheganong === Motsheganong a le lesome le borataro - kompone ya lookwane lwa lefatshe la Botswana e supa kgatlhego ya yone ya go aga sefetlha motlakase wa magala wa dibilone di le pedi le botlhano.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/botswana-plans-25-bln-coal-to-liquids-plant-cut-fuel-imports-2022-05-16/ "Botswana plans $2.5 bln coal-to-liquids plant to cut fuel imports".] ''Reuters''. 2022-05-16. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Motsheganong a le masome a mabedi le motso - batho ba le babedi  ba bolawa mo kotsing kwa moepong wa selefera le kopore.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/work-suspended-botswanas-khoemacau-copper-mine-after-accident-kills-two-2022-05-21/ "Work suspended at Botswana's Khoemacau copper mine after accident kills two".] ''Reuters''. 2022-05-21. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Seetebosigo a rogwa - [[Andrew Motsomi]] o thapiwa e le mookamedi wa Debswana.<ref>[https://www.africaintelligence.com/southern-africa-and-islands/2022/06/08/debswana-hopes-new-outsider-md-will-bring-the-shine-back-to-its-diamond-business,109790440-art "Debswana hopes new, outsider MD will bring the shine back to its diamond business".] ''Africa Intelligence''. 2022-06-08. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Seetebosigo a le masome a mabedi le bone - komiti ya diolimpiki ya Botswana e simolola lenaneo la metshameko ya botshelo la banana.<ref>Iveson, Ali (2022-06-24). [https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1124858/botswana-national-olympic-committee "Botswana NOC starts Sport for Life project with administrators' training course".] ''www.insidethegames.biz''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> === Phukwi === * Phukwi ** Moitseanape wa megare Madisa Mine o itsise fa lefatshe la Botswana le fitlheletse dikgele tse lenaneo le le kopanetsweng la [[United Nations General Assembly|United Nations]] la HIV/AIDS 95-95-95 kwa bokopanong jwa masome a mabedi le bone jwa mafatshefatshe jwa HIV/AIDS.<ref>Haseltine, William A. "[https://www.forbes.com/sites/williamhaseltine/2022/08/17/an-end-to-hiv-in-botswana-why-cant-we-accomplish-the-same-in-the-us/ An End To HIV In Botswana, Why Can't We Accomplish The Same In The US?"]. ''Forbes''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> ** Kompone ya Botswana Diamonds e simolola go epa kwa porojekeng ya noka ya Thorny.<ref>[https://www.mining.com/subscribe-login/?id=1095542 "Botswana Diamonds kicks off drilling at Thorny River's high-grade area".] ''Mining.com''. 2022-07-18. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Phukwi a le lesome le bobedi - motabogi [[Nijel Amos|Nigel Amos]] o seegelwa kwa thoko mo mabelong a mafatshefatshe morago ga gore maduo a tlhatlhobo ya gagwe ya ditagi a boe a supa fa a na le ditagi.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/botswanas-amos-suspended-doping-ahead-world-championships-2022-07-13/ "Botswana's Amos suspended for doping ahead of World Championships".] ''Reuters''. 2022-07-13. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> === Phatwe === * Phatwe ** Setlhopha sa Caprivi se se tshwenyegileng se tsisa tautona Masisi le moeteledipele wa sesole [[Placid Segokgo]] kwa kgotlatshekelong ya mafatshefatshe mabapi le dipolao tsa banna ba kwa Namibia ba le bane kwa molelwaneng wa Botswana le Namibia.<ref>Tjitemisa, Kuzeeko (2022-08-18). [https://neweralive.na/masisi-reported-to-icc-over-nchindo-killings-4/ "Masisi reported to ICC over Nchindo killings".] ''New Era Live''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> ** Lefatshe la Botswana le emisa thekiso ya nama ka ntlha ya go tlhagoga ga bolwetse jwa tlhako le molomo.<ref>Mguni, Mbongeni (2022-10-17). [https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-10-17/botswana-resumes-beef-exports-to-eu-after-foot-and-mouth-ban "Botswana Resumes Beef Exports to EU After Foot-and-Mouth Ban".] ''Bloomberg''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Phatwe a le malatsi a mararo - lekgetho la Botswana la dithoto le fokodiwa go tswa kwa go 14% go ya kwa go 12% ka nakwana.<ref>[https://businessweekly.co.bw/columns/tax-your-pockets/of-14-12-0-vat-post-03-08-22 "Of 14%, 12% & 0% VAT post 03.08.22".] ''The Business Weekly & Review''. 2022-08-09. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> === Lwetse === * Lwetse - palamente e tlhomamisa go tlhamiwa ga lekgotla la bobegadikgang go laola bobegadikgang.<ref>Harber, Anton (2022-09-28). [https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2022-09-28-botswana-media-practitioner-act-is-a-threat-to-freedom-of-the-media/ "Botswana Media Practitioner Act is a threat to freedom of the media".] ''Daily Maverick''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Lwetse a robabongwe - molelwane wa Botswana le Namibia e nna molelwane o o butsweng.<ref>Williams, Chad. [https://iol.co.za/news/africa/2022-09-09-namibia-and-botswana-to-abolish-the-use-of-passports-between-the-two-countries/ "Namibia and Botswana to abolish the use of passports between the two countries".] ''www.iol.co.za''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> === Phalane === * Phalane - mafatshe a Botswana le Namibia a nna le tumalano ya go busiwa ga magolegwa<ref>[https://www.namibian.com.na/?page=archive-read&id=6225209 "Namibia and Botswana agree to exchange prisoners".] ''The Namibian''. 2022-10-28. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Phalane a le lesome le borobabobedi - lefatshe la Botswana le tlosa dikiletso tsa mesepele tsa batho ba ba tsayang maeto go ya mafatsheng a sele<ref>[https://www.crisis24.com/risk-alerts "Botswana: Authorities remove COVID-19 entry restrictions as of Oct. 18".] ''Crisis24''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Phalane a le masome mabedi le bone go tsena a le masome mabedi le borataro - bokopano jwa ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bobedi jwa boeteledipele jwa bojanala mo Aforika bo tshwarelwa mo Gaborone.<ref>Obinna, Emelike (2022-11-06). [https://businessday.ng/art-and-travel/article/african-tourism-on-spotlight-at-atlf-2022/ "African tourism on spotlight at ATLF 2022".] ''BusinessDay''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Phalane a le masome mararo le motso- Kompone ya Tsodilo Resources e sekisa lephata la ditswammung, phefo e e babalesegileng le tshireletso ya kgothetso mabapi le go ntshafadiwa ga diteseletso<ref>Bulbulia, Tasneem (2022-11-07). [https://www.miningweekly.com/article/tsodilo-initiates-legal-action-against-botswana-ministry-2022-11-07 "Tsodilo initiates legal action against Botswana Ministry".] ''Mining Weekly''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> === Ngwanatsele === * Ngwanatsele a le malatsi a mararo - sefetlha motlakase sa boremelelo sa koporase ya motlakase se senyegile, mo go bakang dikgago tsa motlakase mo lefatsheng ka bophara.<ref>Mguni, Mbongeni (2022-11-04). [https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-11-04/power-cuts-hit-botswana-after-main-generation-plant-fails "Power Cuts Hit Botswana After Main Generation Plant Fails".] ''Bloomberg.com''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Ngwanatsele a le malatsi. a mane - tautona Masisi o amogela mogakolodi wa kwa [[Saudi Arabia]] Ahmed bin Abdulaziz Qattan mo Gaborone<ref>[https://www.arabnews.com/node/2193861/saudi-arabia "Saudi minister meets with President of Botswana in Gaborone".] ''Arab News''. 2022-11-04. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Ngwanatsele a le lesome le motso - kompone ya Orange S.A e simolola mafaratlhatlha a 5G mo Botswana, e le a ntlha mo Aforika.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/business/media-telecom/orange-launches-first-african-5g-network-botswana-2022-11-11/ "Orange launches first African 5G network in Botswana".] ''Reuters''. 2022-11-11. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe -  loso lwa ntlha lwa lesole la Botswana kwa Cabo Delgado.<ref>Bothoko, Pini (2022-12-02). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/botswana-records-first-combat-death/news "Botswana records first combat death".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> === Morule === * Morule - lokwalo lwa go tshwara Ian Khama le matona a mangwe a puso go bo a fitlhetswe ka ditlhobolo e se ka fa molaong lo a ntshiwa<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-64124882 "Ian Khama: Botswana issues arrest warrant for former president".] ''BBC News''. 2022-12-30. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> == Dintsho == * Firikgong a le lesome le borataro - Kathleen Nono Kgafela, a le dingwaga di le masome a supa le borobabongwe, mohumagadi wa Bakgatla<ref>Selatlhwa, Innocent (2022-01-18). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/bakgatla-queen-mother-passes-on-at-79/news "Bakgatla queen mother passes on At 79".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Firikgong a le lesome le borobabongwe - Polino Baleja, motshameki wa meropa, go ema ga pelo<ref>Kaelo, Goitsemodimo (2022-01-23). [https://www.mmegi.bw/lifestyle/showbiz-industry-pays-tribute-to-late-polino/news "Showbiz industry pays tribute to late Polino".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Tlhakole - Kgosi Maburu, a le dingwaga di le masome a mararo le boraro, seopedi; go tlhokago tsamaya sentle ga loaro lwa boboko.<ref>Kaelo, Goitsemodimo (2022-03-06). [https://www.mmegi.bw/lifestyle/remembering-the-iconic-late-mafoko/news "Remembering the iconic late Mafoko".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Mopitlo a le malatsi a mane - Tumelo Mafoko, a le dingwaga di le masome a mane le bone, seopedi * Motsheganong - Jaqualine Tebogo Khama, a le dingwaga di le masome a supa le bobedi, morwadia tautona Seretse Khama gape e le kgaitsadie tautona Ian Khama<ref>Tlhankane, Mompati (2022-05-24). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/khama-family-mourns-eldest-kin/news "Khama family mourns eldest kin". ''M'']''megi Online''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Motsheganong a le malatsi a mabedi - Reuben Ketlhoilwe, a le dingwaga di le masome a marataro, mokhanselara wa kgaolo ya botlhophi ya Moselewapula, bolwetse<ref>Mkhutshwa, Lesedi (2022-05-09). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/tributes-pour-in-for-ketlhoilwe/news "Tributes pour in for Ketlhoilwe".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> == Metswedi == 4ugjrqkvjqplytt8eqpoh94h1k2i01w 0 14784 53621 2026-07-30T09:41:44Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Molelwane wa Botswana le Namibia #Wikipedia25BW 53621 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Molelwane wa Botswana le Namibia''' ke molelwane o o boleele jwa dikhilomithara di le sekete, makgolo a matlhano masome a mane le bone (959 mi) gareng ga mafatshe a [[Botswana]] le [[Namibia]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210110010829/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/namibia "Africa :: Namibia — The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency".] ''www.cia.gov''. Archived from the original on 10 January 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Border Botswana-Namibia - panoramio - Frans-Banja Mulder.jpg|thumb|Molelwane wa Botswana le namibia kwa Ngoma]] == Go tlola molelwane == Kwa molelwane o tlolwang teng:<ref>[https://www.drivesouthafrica.com/blog/botswana-border-posts-crossing-guide/ "Botswana Border Posts Crossing Guide"]. ''Drive South Africa''. 6 June 2013. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref><ref>[https://www.cederberg4x4.co.za/botswanabordermap.htm "Map of Botswana border post with open times and telephone numbers and Coordinates".] ''www.cederberg4x4.co.za''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> === '''Namibia''' === * [[Buitepos]] * [[Shakawe]] * [[Ngoma]] * [[Impalila]] === Tse dingwe === '''Zambia''' * [[Kazungula, Botswana]] == Kgotlhang ya setlhaketlhake sa Sedudu == Tsebekgolo: [[Kgetsi ya Setlhaketlhake sa Kasikili/Sedudu|Kgetsi ya setlhaketlhake sa Kasikili/Sedudu]] Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le bobedi, setlhaketlhake se se sa nniweng ke ope sa [[Sedudu]] se ne sa tsosa kgotlhang ya molelwane gareng ga mafatshe a Botswana le namibia. Setlhaketlhake se kwa [[Noka ya Cuando|nokeng ya Cuando]], e e bonwang e le bontlha jwa molelwane wa mafatshe o o mabedi.<ref>[https://www.cederberg4x4.co.za/botswanabordermap.htm "Map of Botswana border post with open times and telephone numbers and Coordinates".] ''www.cederberg4x4.co.za''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Baatlhodi kwa kgotlatshekelong ya mafatshefatshe ba ne ba atlhola gore setlhaketlhake ke sa Botswana ka Morule ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabaongwe masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe.<ref>[https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/news/1999/12/991213-namibia1.htm "WORLD COURT/NAMIBIA/BOTSWANA".] ''www.globalsecurity.org''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> == Metswedi == az4mb2nrmdl13b8a38z6ibearsdrdpp 0 14785 53623 2026-07-30T11:04:17Z P'kaytee 12489 added an article. 53623 wikitext text/x-wiki The Silent Language of Kindness. 7jyfkf162obozhyb7tcu1ffg8xev8od 53624 53623 2026-07-30T11:23:12Z P'kaytee 12489 Added a paragraph 53624 wikitext text/x-wiki The Silent Language of Kindness. The Silent Language of kindness is a concept that describes the communication of compassion, empathy, and respect through actions rather than spoken or written words. The concept suggests that small, thoughtful behaviour can express care and understanding in ways that transcend language, culture, and social differences. It is commonly discussed in relation to emotional intelligence, interpersonal relationship, psychology, and community well-being. p3myptm9wfc94twevmq627joryt5k1n 0 14786 53625 2026-07-30T11:45:51Z P'kaytee 12489 added an article. 53625 wikitext text/x-wiki Puo e e Didimetseng ya Bopelonomi q1vg18fafkyg1oysnxmfzoppgcsjoa8 0 14787 53627 2026-07-30T11:49:18Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Sesole sa difofane (Botswana) #Wikipedia25BW 53627 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sesole sa difofane''' ke mophato wa [[Botswana Defence Force|sesole sa Botswana]] o o dirisang difofane. Mophato wa sesole sa difofane o tlhamilwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le bosupa, ditlhopha di neelwa letshwao la "Z" le le rayang "setlhopha". == Dintlha kakaretso == Mophato wa sesole sa difofane o tlhamilwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le bosupa, ke bontlha jwa [[Botswana Defence Force|sesole sa Botswana]].<ref>[https://online.bdf.org.bw/index "Botswana Defence Force".] ''online.bdf.org.bw''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Ditlhopha tsotlhe tsa mophato o di nnetswe letshwao la "Z" le le emetseng "setlhopha".<ref>[https://www.scramble.nl/planning/orbats/botswana "Orbats".] ''www.scramble.nl''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Bothibelelo jwa one bo gaufi le [[Molepolole]] bo agilwe ke dikompone tsa mafatshe a sele gareng ga dingwaga tsa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le bobedi go tsena ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le borataro.<ref name=":0">[https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/botswana/air-arm.htm "Botswana Air Force".] ''www.globalsecurity.org''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Maemelo a mangwe a difofane a a dirisiwang ke a [[Sir Seretse Khama International Airport]] le [[Phillip Gaonwe Matante International Airport|Francistown International Airport]].<ref name=":0" /> Sefofane se se tshegeditseng mophato o wa difofane ke sefofane sa pele sa kwa Canada sa Canadair CF-116s, se kwa gae se filweng letshwao la BF-5s. Difofane tse tsa ntwa di rekilwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le borataro go tsaya maemo a sa BAC Strikemaster, tse dingwe di le tharo tse di nang le manno a a ikemetseng le tsepedi tsa ditilo tse di pataganeng di ne tsa tsisiwa ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi. Difofane di ne tsa fiwa matshwao a OJ-1 go tsena ka 16. Go tsaya mesepele, mophato o o dirisa difofane tsa Bitten-Norman Defenders, CASA C-212 Aviocars, CASA CN-235s le Lockheed C-130 Hercules.<ref name=":1">Jane's Sentinel Country Risk Assessments Southern Africa". ''Ihs Jane's Sentinel. Country Risk Assessments. Southern Africa'' (26). [[:en:Janes_Information_Services|Jane's Information Group]]: 94–96. 2009. ISSN[https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:1754-9256 &nbsp;1754-9256.]</ref> Se sesha se se sa tswang go tsenngwa mo go tsa dipalamo ke sa pele sa sesole sa [[USA|United States]] sa C-130H Hercules. Difofane tsa tlhoo tomo tsa Bell 412EP le 412SP di kgweediwa ke setlhopha sa Z21 go dira ditirelo tse di farologaneng; go senka le go falotsa, tsa botsogo, go disa kgatlhanong le go tsoma diphologolo tsa naga le go tsamaisa mophato kgotsa batho ba botlhokwa. Ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le boraro, difofane di robabongwe tsa sesole sa United States tsa Cessna O-2A di ne tsa tsisiwa go dirisiwa kgatlhanong le go tsoma diphologolo tsa naga. Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le motso, kompone e e dirang difofane ya Pilatus Aicraft Ltd e ne ya itsise fa mophato wa difofane wa Botswana o tlhophile sefofane sa PC-7 MkII se se katisang go tsaya maemo a sa Pilatus PC-7 se se saleng se dirisiwa ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe. Go reka difofane di le tlhano tsa PC-7 MkII go diriwa ka konteraka e e lopang didikadike tsa madi a Swiss di le masome a mane, di na le mafaratlhatlha a go ikatisa fa fatshe a dikhomputara, ditshipi tse di dirisiwang fa tse dingwe di senyegile, didirisiwa tse di emang nokeng, ga mmogo le mafaratlhatlha a go fetola ga mokgweetsi le motegeniki, Konteraka e, e beilwe monwana ka Moranang a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le motso.<ref>[https://www.upi.com/Business_News/Security-Industry/2011/04/25/Botswana-buys-Swiss-trainers/UPI-51061303744131/ "Botswana buys Swiss trainers".] upi.com business news. Archived from the original on 29 August 2011. Retrieved 30 July 2026.</ref> Lefatshe la Botswana go dumelwa gape fa le dirisa sefofane sa Elbit Systems Silver Arrow<ref>[https://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2001/03/20/127601/botswana-builds-uav-surveillance-force.html "Botswana builds UAV surveillance force".] ''Flightglobal''. Reed Business Information. 20 March 2001. Archived from the original on 30 September 2007. Retrieved 30 July 2026. <q>According to sources in Botswana, the southern African country recently signed a contract to purchase at least three short-range systems from Silver Arrow</q></ref> le sa Elbit Hermes 450 UAV.<ref>Peter La Franchi (5 June 2007). [https://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2007/06/05/214395/singapore-seals-deal-for-hermes-450-uavs.html "Singapore seals deal for Hermes 450 UAVs".] ''Flightglobal''. Reed Business Information. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070930031626/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2007/06/05/214395/singapore-seals-deal-for-hermes-450-uavs.html Archived] from the original on 30 September 2007. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> === Tsheko ya ga Paul Morris ya go tsietsa === Paul Morris, oa neng a na le seabe se segolo mo mophatong wa difofane (AAC), o ne a dira tshwetso ya go reka difofane tsa tlhoo tomo di le lesome tsa Bell 412EP, le fa go nste jalo, madi a a neng a dirisitswe mo tshekong ya go tsietsa, e le yone tsheko e tona mo ditsong tsa Botswana. Paul Morris morago o ne a atlholelwa loso ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi, o ne a bolawa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe. == Dikotsi le ditiragalo == * Ka Phalane a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le motso, difofane tsa mophato wa ACC di le pedi tsa mofuta wa PC-7s di ne tsa thulana mo phefong kwa godimo ga [[Letlhakeng]] dikhilomithara di le lekgolo kwa bophirima jwa [[Gaborone]]. Babereki ba sefofane ba le babedi mo go ba bane ba ne ba tlhokafala mo kotsing e.<ref>[https://www.google.co.bw/search?q=bdf+pc7+crash&oq=bdf+pc7+crash&aqs=chrome..69i57.5424j0j1&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8 "BDF assists plane crash victims."] ''dailynews.gov.bw,'' Retrieved 30 JULY 2026</ref> * Ka Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bone, mophato wa sesole sa Botswana wa difofane o ne wa latlhegelwa ke sefofane sa tlhoo tomo sa Eurocopter AS350 Ecureuil e e neng ya phatlhakana ka nako ya katiso ya malasti otlhe kwa [[Thebephatshwa]]. Bakgweetsi ba le babedi ba ba neng ba pagame sefofane se ba ne ba isiwa kokelong ba le mo seemong se se ritibetseng.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170921095005/http://www.dailynews.gov.bw/news-details.php?nid=12460 "A Botswana Defence Force (BDF) Ecureuil helicopter crashed this morning (27/6/14). Two pilots who were on board the aircraft were taken to Thebephatshwa Hospital in a conscious condition".] Prince Kangwane. Archived from [http://www.dailynews.gov.bw/news-details.php?nid=12460 the original] on 21 September 2017. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Ka Tlhakole a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bosupa, sefofane sa CASA C-212 se ne sa phatlhakana gaufi le motse wa Thebephatshwa metsotso fela morago ga se se na go tswa kwa Thebephatshwa kwa bothibelelong jwa sesole, sa bolaya batho botlhe ka boraro ba ba neng ba se pagame. Sefofane se ne se le mo tseleng go ya kwa toropokgolo Gaborone, e e leng dikhilomithara di le masome a robabongwe kgakala.<ref>[https://www.mmegi.bw/news/bdf-plane-crashes-kills-3/news-91053 "BDF plane crashes, kills 3."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181217062604/http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?aid=66563&dir=2017%2Ffebruary%2F10|date=17 December 2018}} ''mmegi.bw,'' 10 February 2017. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Ka Moranang a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabobedi letsatsi pele ga letsatsi la go ipelela letsatsi la sesole sa Botswana, sefofane sa BF -5 se ne sa phatlakana kwa Gaborone Golf Club ka nako ya ikatiso. Mokgweetsi ke ene fela a tlhokafetseng.<ref>@BWGovernment (27 April 2018)[https://x.com/BWGovernment/status/989848889481146369 . "PRESS RELEASE"] (Tweet) &#x2013; via Twitter.</ref> == Thulaganyo == * [[Setshwantsho:2 BDF Air Wing C-130s 2008-09-12.jpg|thumb]]Sefofane sa setlhopha sa Z1 Transport - kwa [[Mapharangwane]] (Thebephatshwa/[[Molepolole]]) * Sefofane sa setlhopha sa Z3 Transport - kwa [[Phillip Gaonwe Matante International Airport|maemelong a difofane a Francistown]] * Sefofane sa setlhopha sa Z7 se se katisang - PC-7MkII, King Air 200 - kwa Maparangwane (Thebephatshwa/Molepolole) * Sefofane sa setlhopha sa Z10 - C-130, C-212 le CN-235 - Kwa Maparangwane (Thebephatshwa/Molepolole) * Sefofane sa setlhopha sa Z12 - kwa maemelong a difofane a Francistown * Sefofane sa setlhopha sa Z21 - Bell 412 - Kwa Maparangwane (Thebephatshwa/Molepolole) * Sefofane sa setlhopha sa Z23 - AS-350 - Kwa Maparangwane (Thebephatshwa/Molepolole) * Sefofane sa batlotlegi - maemelo a difofane a [[Sir Seretse Khama International Airport]] === Mafelo a bothibelelo === Lefelo la bothibelelo la Maparangwane ke lone fela la difofane le le tletseng mo Botswana. Maemelo a difofane a Sir Seretse Khama International Airport ke maemelo a difofane tsa mesepele ya setshaba a a nang le difofane tsa batlotlegi le maemelo a difofane a [[Francistown]] ke maemelo a a kopantseng difofane tsa sesole le tsa mesepele ya setshaba le e leng la sesole sa Botswana fa e sale ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le motso.<ref>Patricia Edwin. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170921095639/http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=1&aid=169&dir=2011%2FSeptember%2FThursday8 "Armed forces inherit old Francistown Airport".] Archived from the original on 21 September 2017. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> === Thulaganyo ya go laola le go sireletsa difofane === Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano, sesole sa Botswana (BDF) se ne sa abela kompone ya [[Spain]] ya Indra konteraka ya madi a di Euro di le didikadike di supa le motso go tlhabolola le go diragatsa thulaganyo ya go sireletsa le go laola difofane. Porojeke e, e ne e akaretsa go tlhabolola le go dira lefelo la go laola difofane, le na le maemo a robabongwe a batho ba ba tlhomang leitlho le go laola mesepele ya difofane go tsamaisa le go kgobokanya dintlha tsa lefelo la difofane tsa lefatshe, ba neetswe sedirisiwa sa go lekola loapi, dikamano tsa ditlhaeletsanyo le diffofane, mafaratlhatlha a a okamelang mesepele ya mo phefong.<ref>[http://www.indra.es/servlet/ContentServer?pagename=OpenMarket/Xcelerate/Render&inifile=futuretense.ini&c=SalaPrensa_FA&cid=1103830050408&p=1083830063846&pid=1083830063846&Language=en_GB&mes=January&ay=2005&retorno=Url:listadoProyecto "Indra is awarded Botswana's air defence control system".] Archived from the original on 20 July 2011. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref><ref>[https://www.janes.com/articles/janes-land-based-air-defence/botswana-botswana.html "Botswana (Botswana) – Jane's Land-Based Air Defence".] Janes.com. 4 April 2011. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> == Difofane == [[Setshwantsho:190620-A-NV3840030 (48103168987).jpg|thumb|Sefofane sa BDF sa Bell 412 ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabongwe]] Difofane tse di teng gompieno: [[Setshwantsho:Botswana DF CF-5D OJ 25 (6918328249).jpg|thumb|Sefofane sa sesole sa Botswana sa CF-5 se supiwa]] {| class="wikitable" |+ !Sefofane !Tlholego !Mofuta !Pharologanyo !palo mo tirisong !Ditlha |- | colspan="6" |Sefofane sa ntwa |- |Canadair CF-5 |[[Canada]] |Sa ntwa |CF-5A |di le lesome<ref name=":2">Hoyle, Craig (2025). [https://www.flightglobal.com/download?ac=113841 "World Air Forces 2026".] Flightglobal. p.&nbsp;14. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> |Go tokafaditswe teseletso e e diretsweng mo teng ya sefofane sa pele sa Northrop F-5. Sefofane sa pele sa RCAF |- | colspan="6" |Mesepele |- |Lockheed C-130 Hercules |[[USA]] |Sa mesepele |C-130H |se le sengwe<ref name=":2" /><ref>Çetiner, Yusuf (8 July 2024). [[:en:Air_Arm_Command_(Botswana)|"The United States Donates a C-130 Hercules Military Transport Aircraft To The Botswana Defense Force".]] Overt Defense. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> |Sefofane sa pele sa USAF |- |CASA C212 |Spain |Sa mesepele | |di le tharo<ref name=":2" /> |sefofane se se kgonang go emelela le go ema mo tseleng ya difofane e khutshwane |- |CASA/IPTN CN-235 |[[Indonesia/Spain]] |Sa mesepele | |di le pedi<ref name=":2" /> | |- |Beechcraft Super King Air |United States |Sa mesepele |200 |se le sengwe<ref name=":2" /> | |- |Britten-Norman BN-2 |[[United Kingdom]] |ya ditiriso tse di farologaneng | |di pedi<ref name=":2" /> | |- |Dornier 328 |[[Germany]] |ya mesepele | |e le nngwe | |- |Bombardier Global Express |Canada |ya batlotlegi |Global 5000 |e nngwe | |- | colspan="6" |Difofane tsa tlhoo tomo |- |Bell 412 |United States |ya ditiriso tse di farologaneng | |di thataro<ref name=":2" /> | |- |Eurocopter AS350 |[[France]] |go ela tlhoko marumo le go tsamaisa baokamedi le melaetsa / ditiriso tse di farologaneng | |di lesome<ref name=":2" /> | |- |AW 189 |[[Italia]] |ya ditiriso tse di farologaneng | | |go rekilwe e le nngwe<ref name=":2" /> |- | colspan="6" |Difofane tsa katiso |- |Canadair CF-5 |Canada |go rutuntsha bakgweetsi |CF-5D |di tlhano<ref name=":2" /> |Go tokafaditswe teseletso e e diretsweng mo teng ya sefofane sa pele sa Northrop F-5. Sefofane sa pele sa RCAF |- |Pilatus PC-7 |[[Switzerland]] |go katisa |MkII |di tlhano<ref name=":2" /> | |} === Difofane tse di sa tlholeng di bereka === Difofane tse di kileng tsa dirisiwa ke sesole sa difofane ke tsa Gulfstream IV, Cessna 150, Cessna O-2 Skymaster, Britten-Norman BN-2, Pilatus PC-7 (mofuta wa ntlha), Scottish Aviation Bulldog le Short Skyvan.<ref>[https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1981/1981%20-%202500.html "World Air Forces 1981 pg. 328".] flightglobal.com. Archived from the original on 2 January 2018. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> === Tse di tlaa nnang teng mo isagong === Sesole sa diffofane se ntse se tlhatlhanya ka go batla sefofane se se tlaa tsayang maemo a sa BF-5 fa e sale ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le boraro, ka ntlha ya gore difofane tsa Candair CF-5s di dikgologolo, di agilwe ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa, gape di thata go di tlhokomela le go bona ditshipi tse dingwe tsa tsone.<ref>Patrick Kenyette, May 30, 2023, [https://www.military.africa/2023/05/botswana-in-negotiation-with-india-for-tejas-aircraft/ Botswana in negotiation with India for Tejas aircraft] – updated June 12, 2023.</ref> Pego ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le boraro ya mookamedi wa mophato wa nako eo wa difofane wa sesole sa Botswana, Major General Odirile Mashinyana, e ne e lemoga letlhoko la go batla sefofane se sele go tsaya maemo a se, mme gape e gakolola gore go tokafatsa di BF-5 go tlaa letla nako ya go bolokela se se tlaa se tlhatlhamang madi.<ref>Ekene Lionel, March 25, 2021, [https://www.military.africa/2021/03/contest-for-botswana-new-fighter-jet-gathers-momentum/ Contest for Botswana's new fighter jet gathers momentum], Military Africa.</ref> Fa e sale ka nako eo, sefofane sa KAI T-50 Golden Eagle,<ref>[https://aviationweek.com/defense/south-koreas-eagle-swoops-botswana South Korea's Eagle swoops on Botswana], Times aerospace, April 10, 2018.</ref> mefuta e e dirisitsweng ya F-16 le Saab Gripen di ne di akanyediwa.<ref>[https://aviationweek.com/defense/botswana-looks-india-fighter-upgrade Botswana looks to India for fighter upgrade], Times aerospace, 2 August 2023.</ref><ref>Wyatt, Chris (5 October 2017). [https://defenceweb.co.za/?option=com_content&view=article&id=49486%3Afeature-botswanas-gripen-plan-highlights-need-for-a-defence-white-paper&catid=32%3Amilitary-art-a-science&Itemid=112 "Feature: Botswana's Gripen plan highlights need for a defence white paper | defenceWeb".] ''www.defenceweb.co.za''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Sefofane se se ka nnang sa rekiwa sa mo bosheng ke sa kompone ya Hindustan Aeronautics Limited sa ntwa sa HAL Tejas,<ref>[https://www.africaintelligence.com/southern-africa-and-islands/2023/03/16/gaborone-looks-to-procure-indian-hal-fighter-aircraft,109924094-art Gaborone looks to procure Indian HAL fighter aircraft, Africa intelligence], 16/3/2023.</ref> le fa go ntse jalo, ka Firikgong ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le botlhano, Tejas e ne e sa tlhole e akanyediwa.<ref>[https://www.thegazette.news/news/govt-halts-plans-to-purchase-indian-fighter-jets/ "Govt Halts Plans To Purchase Indian Fighter Jets".] 23 January 2025. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> == Maemo == ''Tsebekgolo: [[Maemo a sesole sa Botswana]]'' === Maemo a baokamedi === Letshwao la maemo a baokamedi === Maemo a mangwe === Matshwao a baokamedi ba ba sa tlhomamisiwang le maemo a a kwa tlase == Dintlha == # Ke difofane tsa CF-5 di le lesome le bone fela tse di sansteng di dirisiwa ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe.<ref name=":1" /> == Metswedi == feqqi219pn27fc3q6jpwh5pj0h9urmc 53629 53627 2026-07-30T11:52:19Z JudithShe 9421 53629 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sesole sa difofane''' ke mophato wa [[Botswana Defence Force|sesole sa Botswana]] o o dirisang difofane. Mophato wa sesole sa difofane o tlhamilwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le bosupa, ditlhopha di neelwa letshwao la "Z" le le rayang "setlhopha". == Dintlha kakaretso == Mophato wa sesole sa difofane o tlhamilwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le bosupa, ke bontlha jwa [[Botswana Defence Force|sesole sa Botswana]].<ref>[https://online.bdf.org.bw/index "Botswana Defence Force".] ''online.bdf.org.bw''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Ditlhopha tsotlhe tsa mophato o di nnetswe letshwao la "Z" le le emetseng "setlhopha".<ref>[https://www.scramble.nl/planning/orbats/botswana "Orbats".] ''www.scramble.nl''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Bothibelelo jwa one bo gaufi le [[Molepolole]] bo agilwe ke dikompone tsa mafatshe a sele gareng ga dingwaga tsa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le bobedi go tsena ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le borataro.<ref name=":0">[https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/botswana/air-arm.htm "Botswana Air Force".] ''www.globalsecurity.org''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Maemelo a mangwe a difofane a a dirisiwang ke a [[Sir Seretse Khama International Airport]] le [[Phillip Gaonwe Matante International Airport|Francistown International Airport]].<ref name=":0" /> Sefofane se se tshegeditseng mophato o wa difofane ke sefofane sa pele sa kwa Canada sa Canadair CF-116s, se kwa gae se filweng letshwao la BF-5s. Difofane tse tsa ntwa di rekilwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le borataro go tsaya maemo a sa BAC Strikemaster, tse dingwe di le tharo tse di nang le manno a a ikemetseng le tsepedi tsa ditilo tse di pataganeng di ne tsa tsisiwa ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi. Difofane di ne tsa fiwa matshwao a OJ-1 go tsena ka 16. Go tsaya mesepele, mophato o o dirisa difofane tsa Bitten-Norman Defenders, CASA C-212 Aviocars, CASA CN-235s le Lockheed C-130 Hercules.<ref name=":1">Jane's Sentinel Country Risk Assessments Southern Africa". ''Ihs Jane's Sentinel. Country Risk Assessments. Southern Africa'' (26). [[:en:Janes_Information_Services|Jane's Information Group]]: 94–96. 2009. ISSN[https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:1754-9256 &nbsp;1754-9256.]</ref> Se sesha se se sa tswang go tsenngwa mo go tsa dipalamo ke sa pele sa sesole sa [[USA|United States]] sa C-130H Hercules. Difofane tsa tlhoo tomo tsa Bell 412EP le 412SP di kgweediwa ke setlhopha sa Z21 go dira ditirelo tse di farologaneng; go senka le go falotsa, tsa botsogo, go disa kgatlhanong le go tsoma diphologolo tsa naga le go tsamaisa mophato kgotsa batho ba botlhokwa. Ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le boraro, difofane di robabongwe tsa sesole sa United States tsa Cessna O-2A di ne tsa tsisiwa go dirisiwa kgatlhanong le go tsoma diphologolo tsa naga. Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le motso, kompone e e dirang difofane ya Pilatus Aicraft Ltd e ne ya itsise fa mophato wa difofane wa Botswana o tlhophile sefofane sa PC-7 MkII se se katisang go tsaya maemo a sa Pilatus PC-7 se se saleng se dirisiwa ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe. Go reka difofane di le tlhano tsa PC-7 MkII go diriwa ka konteraka e e lopang didikadike tsa madi a Swiss di le masome a mane, di na le mafaratlhatlha a go ikatisa fa fatshe a dikhomputara, ditshipi tse di dirisiwang fa tse dingwe di senyegile, didirisiwa tse di emang nokeng, ga mmogo le mafaratlhatlha a go fetola ga mokgweetsi le motegeniki, Konteraka e, e beilwe monwana ka Moranang a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le motso.<ref>[https://www.upi.com/Business_News/Security-Industry/2011/04/25/Botswana-buys-Swiss-trainers/UPI-51061303744131/ "Botswana buys Swiss trainers".] upi.com business news. Archived from the original on 29 August 2011. Retrieved 30 July 2026.</ref> Lefatshe la Botswana go dumelwa gape fa le dirisa sefofane sa Elbit Systems Silver Arrow<ref>[https://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2001/03/20/127601/botswana-builds-uav-surveillance-force.html "Botswana builds UAV surveillance force".] ''Flightglobal''. Reed Business Information. 20 March 2001. Archived from the original on 30 September 2007. Retrieved 30 July 2026. <q>According to sources in Botswana, the southern African country recently signed a contract to purchase at least three short-range systems from Silver Arrow</q></ref> le sa Elbit Hermes 450 UAV.<ref>Peter La Franchi (5 June 2007). [https://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2007/06/05/214395/singapore-seals-deal-for-hermes-450-uavs.html "Singapore seals deal for Hermes 450 UAVs".] ''Flightglobal''. Reed Business Information. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070930031626/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2007/06/05/214395/singapore-seals-deal-for-hermes-450-uavs.html Archived] from the original on 30 September 2007. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> === Tsheko ya ga Paul Morris ya go tsietsa === Paul Morris, oa neng a na le seabe se segolo mo mophatong wa difofane (AAC), o ne a dira tshwetso ya go reka difofane tsa tlhoo tomo di le lesome tsa Bell 412EP, le fa go nste jalo, madi a a neng a dirisitswe mo tshekong ya go tsietsa, e le yone tsheko e tona mo ditsong tsa Botswana. Paul Morris morago o ne a atlholelwa loso ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi, o ne a bolawa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe. == Dikotsi le ditiragalo == * Ka Phalane a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le motso, difofane tsa mophato wa ACC di le pedi tsa mofuta wa PC-7s di ne tsa thulana mo phefong kwa godimo ga [[Letlhakeng]] dikhilomithara di le lekgolo kwa bophirima jwa [[Gaborone]]. Babereki ba sefofane ba le babedi mo go ba bane ba ne ba tlhokafala mo kotsing e.<ref>[https://www.google.co.bw/search?q=bdf+pc7+crash&oq=bdf+pc7+crash&aqs=chrome..69i57.5424j0j1&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8 "BDF assists plane crash victims."] ''dailynews.gov.bw,'' Retrieved 30 JULY 2026</ref> * Ka Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bone, mophato wa sesole sa Botswana wa difofane o ne wa latlhegelwa ke sefofane sa tlhoo tomo sa Eurocopter AS350 Ecureuil e e neng ya phatlhakana ka nako ya katiso ya malasti otlhe kwa [[Thebephatshwa]]. Bakgweetsi ba le babedi ba ba neng ba pagame sefofane se ba ne ba isiwa kokelong ba le mo seemong se se ritibetseng.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170921095005/http://www.dailynews.gov.bw/news-details.php?nid=12460 "A Botswana Defence Force (BDF) Ecureuil helicopter crashed this morning (27/6/14). Two pilots who were on board the aircraft were taken to Thebephatshwa Hospital in a conscious condition".] Prince Kangwane. Archived from [http://www.dailynews.gov.bw/news-details.php?nid=12460 the original] on 21 September 2017. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Ka Tlhakole a robabongwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bosupa, sefofane sa CASA C-212 se ne sa phatlhakana gaufi le motse wa Thebephatshwa metsotso fela morago ga se se na go tswa kwa Thebephatshwa kwa bothibelelong jwa sesole, sa bolaya batho botlhe ka boraro ba ba neng ba se pagame. Sefofane se ne se le mo tseleng go ya kwa toropokgolo Gaborone, e e leng dikhilomithara di le masome a robabongwe kgakala.<ref>[https://www.mmegi.bw/news/bdf-plane-crashes-kills-3/news-91053 "BDF plane crashes, kills 3."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181217062604/http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?aid=66563&dir=2017%2Ffebruary%2F10|date=17 December 2018}} ''mmegi.bw,'' 10 February 2017. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Ka Moranang a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabobedi letsatsi pele ga letsatsi la go ipelela letsatsi la sesole sa Botswana, sefofane sa BF -5 se ne sa phatlakana kwa Gaborone Golf Club ka nako ya ikatiso. Mokgweetsi ke ene fela a tlhokafetseng.<ref>@BWGovernment (27 April 2018)[https://x.com/BWGovernment/status/989848889481146369 . "PRESS RELEASE"] (Tweet) &#x2013; via Twitter.</ref> == Thulaganyo == * [[Setshwantsho:2 BDF Air Wing C-130s 2008-09-12.jpg|thumb]]Sefofane sa setlhopha sa Z1 Transport - kwa [[Mapharangwane]] (Thebephatshwa/[[Molepolole]]) * Sefofane sa setlhopha sa Z3 Transport - kwa [[Phillip Gaonwe Matante International Airport|maemelong a difofane a Francistown]] * Sefofane sa setlhopha sa Z7 se se katisang - PC-7MkII, King Air 200 - kwa Maparangwane (Thebephatshwa/Molepolole) * Sefofane sa setlhopha sa Z10 - C-130, C-212 le CN-235 - Kwa Maparangwane (Thebephatshwa/Molepolole) * Sefofane sa setlhopha sa Z12 - kwa maemelong a difofane a Francistown * Sefofane sa setlhopha sa Z21 - Bell 412 - Kwa Maparangwane (Thebephatshwa/Molepolole) * Sefofane sa setlhopha sa Z23 - AS-350 - Kwa Maparangwane (Thebephatshwa/Molepolole) * Sefofane sa batlotlegi - maemelo a difofane a [[Sir Seretse Khama International Airport]] === Mafelo a bothibelelo === Lefelo la bothibelelo la Maparangwane ke lone fela la difofane le le tletseng mo Botswana. Maemelo a difofane a Sir Seretse Khama International Airport ke maemelo a difofane tsa mesepele ya setshaba a a nang le difofane tsa batlotlegi le maemelo a difofane a [[Francistown]] ke maemelo a a kopantseng difofane tsa sesole le tsa mesepele ya setshaba le e leng la sesole sa Botswana fa e sale ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le motso.<ref>Patricia Edwin. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170921095639/http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=1&aid=169&dir=2011%2FSeptember%2FThursday8 "Armed forces inherit old Francistown Airport".] Archived from the original on 21 September 2017. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> === Thulaganyo ya go laola le go sireletsa difofane === Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano, sesole sa Botswana (BDF) se ne sa abela kompone ya [[Spain]] ya Indra konteraka ya madi a di Euro di le didikadike di supa le motso go tlhabolola le go diragatsa thulaganyo ya go sireletsa le go laola difofane. Porojeke e, e ne e akaretsa go tlhabolola le go dira lefelo la go laola difofane, le na le maemo a robabongwe a batho ba ba tlhomang leitlho le go laola mesepele ya difofane go tsamaisa le go kgobokanya dintlha tsa lefelo la difofane tsa lefatshe, ba neetswe sedirisiwa sa go lekola loapi, dikamano tsa ditlhaeletsanyo le diffofane, mafaratlhatlha a a okamelang mesepele ya mo phefong.<ref>[http://www.indra.es/servlet/ContentServer?pagename=OpenMarket/Xcelerate/Render&inifile=futuretense.ini&c=SalaPrensa_FA&cid=1103830050408&p=1083830063846&pid=1083830063846&Language=en_GB&mes=January&ay=2005&retorno=Url:listadoProyecto "Indra is awarded Botswana's air defence control system".] Archived from the original on 20 July 2011. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref><ref>[https://www.janes.com/articles/janes-land-based-air-defence/botswana-botswana.html "Botswana (Botswana) – Jane's Land-Based Air Defence".] Janes.com. 4 April 2011. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> == Difofane == [[Setshwantsho:190620-A-NV3840030 (48103168987).jpg|thumb|Sefofane sa BDF sa Bell 412 ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabongwe]] Difofane tse di teng gompieno: [[Setshwantsho:Botswana DF CF-5D OJ 25 (6918328249).jpg|thumb|Sefofane sa sesole sa Botswana sa CF-5 se supiwa]] {| class="wikitable" |+ !Sefofane !Tlholego !Mofuta !Pharologanyo !palo mo tirisong !DiNtlha |- | colspan="6" |Sefofane sa ntwa |- |Canadair CF-5 |[[Canada]] |Sa ntwa |CF-5A |di le lesome<ref name=":2">Hoyle, Craig (2025). [https://www.flightglobal.com/download?ac=113841 "World Air Forces 2026".] Flightglobal. p.&nbsp;14. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> |Go tokafaditswe teseletso e e diretsweng mo teng ya sefofane sa pele sa Northrop F-5. Sefofane sa pele sa RCAF |- | colspan="6" |Mesepele |- |Lockheed C-130 Hercules |[[USA]] |Sa mesepele |C-130H |se le sengwe<ref name=":2" /><ref>Çetiner, Yusuf (8 July 2024). [[:en:Air_Arm_Command_(Botswana)|"The United States Donates a C-130 Hercules Military Transport Aircraft To The Botswana Defense Force".]] Overt Defense. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> |Sefofane sa pele sa USAF |- |CASA C212 |Spain |Sa mesepele | |di le tharo<ref name=":2" /> |sefofane se se kgonang go emelela le go ema mo tseleng ya difofane e khutshwane |- |CASA/IPTN CN-235 |[[Indonesia/Spain]] |Sa mesepele | |di le pedi<ref name=":2" /> | |- |Beechcraft Super King Air |United States |Sa mesepele |200 |se le sengwe<ref name=":2" /> | |- |Britten-Norman BN-2 |[[United Kingdom]] |ya ditiriso tse di farologaneng | |di pedi<ref name=":2" /> | |- |Dornier 328 |[[Germany]] |ya mesepele | |e le nngwe | |- |Bombardier Global Express |Canada |ya batlotlegi |Global 5000 |e nngwe | |- | colspan="6" |Difofane tsa tlhoo tomo |- |Bell 412 |United States |ya ditiriso tse di farologaneng | |di thataro<ref name=":2" /> | |- |Eurocopter AS350 |[[France]] |go ela tlhoko marumo le go tsamaisa baokamedi le melaetsa / ditiriso tse di farologaneng | |di lesome<ref name=":2" /> | |- |AW 189 |[[Italia]] |ya ditiriso tse di farologaneng | | |go rekilwe e le nngwe<ref name=":2" /> |- | colspan="6" |Difofane tsa katiso |- |Canadair CF-5 |Canada |go rutuntsha bakgweetsi |CF-5D |di tlhano<ref name=":2" /> |Go tokafaditswe teseletso e e diretsweng mo teng ya sefofane sa pele sa Northrop F-5. Sefofane sa pele sa RCAF |- |Pilatus PC-7 |[[Switzerland]] |go katisa |MkII |di tlhano<ref name=":2" /> | |} === Difofane tse di sa tlholeng di bereka === Difofane tse di kileng tsa dirisiwa ke sesole sa difofane ke tsa Gulfstream IV, Cessna 150, Cessna O-2 Skymaster, Britten-Norman BN-2, Pilatus PC-7 (mofuta wa ntlha), Scottish Aviation Bulldog le Short Skyvan.<ref>[https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1981/1981%20-%202500.html "World Air Forces 1981 pg. 328".] flightglobal.com. Archived from the original on 2 January 2018. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> === Tse di tlaa nnang teng mo isagong === Sesole sa diffofane se ntse se tlhatlhanya ka go batla sefofane se se tlaa tsayang maemo a sa BF-5 fa e sale ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le boraro, ka ntlha ya gore difofane tsa Candair CF-5s di dikgologolo, di agilwe ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa, gape di thata go di tlhokomela le go bona ditshipi tse dingwe tsa tsone.<ref>Patrick Kenyette, May 30, 2023, [https://www.military.africa/2023/05/botswana-in-negotiation-with-india-for-tejas-aircraft/ Botswana in negotiation with India for Tejas aircraft] – updated June 12, 2023.</ref> Pego ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le boraro ya mookamedi wa mophato wa nako eo wa difofane wa sesole sa Botswana, Major General Odirile Mashinyana, e ne e lemoga letlhoko la go batla sefofane se sele go tsaya maemo a se, mme gape e gakolola gore go tokafatsa di BF-5 go tlaa letla nako ya go bolokela se se tlaa se tlhatlhamang madi.<ref>Ekene Lionel, March 25, 2021, [https://www.military.africa/2021/03/contest-for-botswana-new-fighter-jet-gathers-momentum/ Contest for Botswana's new fighter jet gathers momentum], Military Africa.</ref> Fa e sale ka nako eo, sefofane sa KAI T-50 Golden Eagle,<ref>[https://aviationweek.com/defense/south-koreas-eagle-swoops-botswana South Korea's Eagle swoops on Botswana], Times aerospace, April 10, 2018.</ref> mefuta e e dirisitsweng ya F-16 le Saab Gripen di ne di akanyediwa.<ref>[https://aviationweek.com/defense/botswana-looks-india-fighter-upgrade Botswana looks to India for fighter upgrade], Times aerospace, 2 August 2023.</ref><ref>Wyatt, Chris (5 October 2017). [https://defenceweb.co.za/?option=com_content&view=article&id=49486%3Afeature-botswanas-gripen-plan-highlights-need-for-a-defence-white-paper&catid=32%3Amilitary-art-a-science&Itemid=112 "Feature: Botswana's Gripen plan highlights need for a defence white paper | defenceWeb".] ''www.defenceweb.co.za''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Sefofane se se ka nnang sa rekiwa sa mo bosheng ke sa kompone ya Hindustan Aeronautics Limited sa ntwa sa HAL Tejas,<ref>[https://www.africaintelligence.com/southern-africa-and-islands/2023/03/16/gaborone-looks-to-procure-indian-hal-fighter-aircraft,109924094-art Gaborone looks to procure Indian HAL fighter aircraft, Africa intelligence], 16/3/2023.</ref> le fa go ntse jalo, ka Firikgong ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le botlhano, Tejas e ne e sa tlhole e akanyediwa.<ref>[https://www.thegazette.news/news/govt-halts-plans-to-purchase-indian-fighter-jets/ "Govt Halts Plans To Purchase Indian Fighter Jets".] 23 January 2025. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> == Maemo == ''Tsebekgolo: [[Maemo a sesole sa Botswana]]'' === Maemo a baokamedi === Letshwao la maemo a baokamedi {| style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background-color:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin: 0px 12px 12px 0px;" {{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armed Forces/OF/Blank}} {{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Air Forces/OF/Botswana}} |} === Maemo a mangwe === Matshwao a baokamedi ba ba sa tlhomamisiwang le maemo a a kwa tlase {| style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background-color:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin: 0px 12px 12px 0px;" {{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/Blank}} {{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Air Forces/OR/Botswana}} |} == Dintlha == # Ke difofane tsa CF-5 di le lesome le bone fela tse di sansteng di dirisiwa ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe.<ref name=":1" /> == Metswedi == a8gn7w6mr0jti8xtlrxm7ldby6qztbq 0 14788 53630 2026-07-30T11:58:59Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya #Wikipedia25BW 53630 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maemo a sesole mo Botswana''' ke maemo a a filweng [[Botswana Defence Force|sesole sa Botswana]]. Ka [[Botswana]] e le lefatshe le le senang lotshitshi lwa noka, lo dikaganyeditswe ke mafatshe a mangwe, ga le na sesole sa metsi. == Maemo a baokamedi ba sesole == Lotshwao lwa maemo a baokamedi ba sesole. === Maemo a baithuti ba sesole === == Maemo a mangwe == Matshwao a baokamedi ba ba sa tlhomamisiwang le maemo a a kwa tlase. == Metswedi == rbz0d0xvbp1lzikym8u0s5q1ugbp99s