Wikipedia tnwiki https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsebe_ya_konokono MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.14 first-letter Pego Faphegileng Puisano Modirisi Puisano ya modirisi Wikipedia Puisano ya Wikipedia Setshwantsho Puisano ya setshwantsho MediaWiki Puisano ya MediaWiki Tempolete Puisano ya tempolete Thuso Puisano ya thuso Karolo Puisano ya karolo TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 2077 53992 53543 2026-08-09T16:38:05Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53992 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox website | name = Wikipedia | logo = [[File:Wikipedia-logo-v2-tn.svg|250px]] | logo_caption = Sekano sa [[Wikipedia]] | screenshot = Wikipedia Portal Screenshot (2022).svg{{!}}border | screenshot_alt = Wikipedia portal showing the different languages sorted by article count | collapsible = yes | caption = Tebego ya tsebe ya konokono ya Wikipedia ka komputara | type = [[Maranyane a encyclopedia]] | language_count = {{NUMBEROF|languages|Wikipedia}} | country_of_origin = United States | owner = {{Unbulleted list|[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|}} | authors = {{Unbulleted list|[[Jimmy Wales]]|[[Larry Sanger]]}} | url = {{URL|https://www.wikipedia.org/|wikipedia.org}} | commercial = Nyaa | registration = Wa ithopela | num_users = [[List of Wikipedias#Statistics totals|>{{formatnum:{{#expr:{{NUMBEROF|ACTIVEUSERS|totalactive.wikipedia}}}}}}]] active editors<ref> To be considered [[Special:ActiveUsers|active]], a user must make at least one edit or other action in a given month.</ref><br />[[list of Wikipedias#Statistics totals|>{{formatnum:{{#expr:{{NUMBEROF|USERS|totalactive.wikipedia}}}}}}]] registered users | launch_date = {{Start date and age|mf=yes|p=yes|br=yes|2001|1|15}} | current_status = Active | content_license = {{Nowrap|[[Creative Commons license|CC Attribution / Share-Alike]] 3.0}}<br />Most text is also dual-licensed under [[GNU Free Documentation License|GFDL]]; media licensing varies | programming_language = [[LAMP (software bundle)|LAMP]] platform<ref name="roadchap">{{cite web |url=https://rogchap.com/2011/09/06/top-40-website-programming-languages/ |title= Top 40 Website Programming Languages |website= rogchap.com |author= Chapman, Roger |date= September 6, 2011 |access-date= September 6, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130922015103/https://rogchap.com/2011/09/06/top-40-website-programming-languages/ |archive-date= September 22, 2013}}</ref> | oclc = 52075003 }} Wikipedia [e] ke [[:en:Encyclopedia|ensaetlopedia]] ya mahala ya maranyane e e kwadilweng le go tlhokomelwa ke setšhaba sa baithaopi, ba ba itsiweng jaaka [[:en:Wikipedians|Bawikipedia]], ka [[:en:Open_collaboration|tirisanommogo e e bulegileng]] le serweboleta sa [[:en:Wiki|wiki]] sa [[:en:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]]. E tlhomilwe ke [[:en:Jimmy_Wales|Jimmy Wales]] le [[:en:Larry_Sanger|Larry Sanger]] ka ngwaga wa 2001, Wikipedia e ntse e amogelwa fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 2003 ke [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]], [[:en:501(c)(3)_organization|mokgatlho wa Amerika o o sa direng dipoelo]] o o tshegediwang thata ke meneelo ya babadi.<ref>[[:en:Lisa_Seitz-Gruwell|Seitz-Gruwell, Lisa]] (October 23, 2023)[[foundationsite:news/2022/11/03/7-reasons-you-should-donate-to-wikipedia/|. "7 reasons you should donate to Wikipedia"]]. [[:en:Wikimedia_Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20241008212455/https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/10/23/7-reasons-you-should-donate-to-wikipedia/ Archived] from the original on October 8, 2024. Retrieved December 27, 2023.</ref> Wikipedia ke buka e kgolo go tsotlhe ya [[:en:Reference_work|tshedimosetso e e dirisediwang go batla tshedimosetso,]] gape ke yone e e balwang thata mo ditsong.<ref>[https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher "Wikipedia is 20, and its reputation has never been higher]". ''[https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher The Economist]''. January 9, 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210107165356/https://www.economist.com/international/2021/01/09/wikipedia-is-20-and-its-reputation-has-never-been-higher Archived] from the original on January 7, 2021. Retrieved February 25, 2021.</ref><ref>[[:en:Chris_Anderson_(writer)|Anderson, Chris]] (May 8, 2006). [https://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1975813_1975844_1976488,00.html "Jimmy Wales – The 2006 Time 100".] ''[https://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1975813_1975844_1976488,00.html Time]''. [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/500px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png Archived] from the original on October 12, 2022. Retrieved November 11, 2017.</ref> Kwa tshimologong e ne e le teng ka Seesemane fela, Wikipedia e godile [[:en:List_of_Wikipedias|go fitlha dipuo di feta]] [[:en:List_of_Wikipedias|makgolo a mararo]] mme ke nngwe ya [[:en:List_of_most-visited_websites|lefelo la tshedimosetso mo maranyaneng tse di etelwang thata]] mo lefatsheng go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2026. [[:en:English_Wikipedia|Wikipedia ya Seesemane]], e e nang le [[:en:Article_(publishing)|dipego]] di feta didikadike di le supa, e sa ntse e le yone e kgolo go gaisa tsotlhe mo dikgatisong, tse mmogo di nang le dipego di feta didikadike di le masome a a marataro le bosupa mme gape e amogela maeto a a fetang didikadike di le sekete le makgolo a matlhano tsa didirisiwa tse di farologaneng le diphetogo di ka nna didikadike di le lesome le boraro kgwedi le kgwedi, e leng palogare ya diphetogo di ka nna tlhano ka motsotswana. Go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2025, mo e ka nnang karolo ya masome a mabedi le botlhano mo lekgolong ya batho ba ba etelang Wikipedia ba ne ba tswa kwa lefatsheng la United States, fa lefatshe la Japane le ne le emela mo e ka nnang karolo ya bosupa mo lekgolong, mme mafatshe a United Kingdom, Germany le Russia tsotlhe di ne di emela mo e ka nnang karolo ya botlhano mo lekgolong nngwe le nngwe.<ref>[https://www.similarweb.com/website/wikipedia.org/#geography "wikipedia.org]". ''Similarweb''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200605091241/https://www.similarweb.com/website/wikipedia.org#geography Archived] from the original on June 5, 2020. Retrieved January 9, 2026.</ref> Wikipedia e ile ya akgolwa ka ntlha ya popego ya yone ya ka fa gare le setso, e e [[:en:Democratization_of_knowledge|kgontshang go dira gore kitso e nne ya]] [[:en:Democratization_of_knowledge|puso ya batho ka batho]], le ka ntlha ya go akaretsa dilo tse dintsi ka dikgang tse di farologaneng, [[:en:Censorship_of_Wikipedia|Wikipedia e ile ya tlhotlhomisiwa]] ke dipuso dingwe tsa bosetšhaba, go simolola ka ditsebe tse di rileng go ya kwa saeteng yotlhe, ka dinako tse dingwe ka ntlha ya go kgala puso kgotsa ka ntlha ya diteng tse di tsewang di le bosula .<ref>Treisman, Rachel (April 1, 2022). [https://www.npr.org/2022/04/01/1090279187/russia-wikipedia-fine "Russia threatens to fine Wikipedia if it doesn't remove some details about the war]". ''[[:en:NPR|NPR]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221202215844/https://www.npr.org/2022/04/01/1090279187/russia-wikipedia-fine Archived] from the original on December 2, 2022. Retrieved January 22, 2023.</ref><ref>Skipper, Ben (December 7, 2015). [https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/chinas-government-has-blocked-wikipedia-its-entirety-again-1532138 "China's government has blocked Wikipedia in its entirety again"]. ''International Business Times UK''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180503111142/https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/chinas-government-has-blocked-wikipedia-its-entirety-again-1532138 Archived] from the original on May 3, 2018. Retrieved May 2, 2018.</ref> Ensaekolopedia eo e kile ya tshwaiwa diphoso ka ntlha ya go sekamela mo letlhakoreng le le lengwe mo mokgweng wa yone wa go tlhagisa tshedimosetso. Sekao ke go se neye basadi tshiamelo e e lekanang le ya banna (gender bias) le go sa emele dinaga tsa Borwa jwa Lefatshe (Global South) ka tekatekano. Gape, boikanyego jwa tshedimosetso ya Wikipedia bo ne bo belaelwa gantsi mo dingwageng tsa bo-2000, mme go simolola kwa bofelong jwa dingwaga tsa bo-2010, e simolotse go amogelwa le go akgolwa thata. Ditlhogo tsa Wikipedia tse di buang ka ditiragalo tse di sa tswang go diragala di dirisiwa gantsi ke batho ba le bantsi e le metswedi ya tshedimosetso ya bosheng. [[Category:Wikipedia]] == Ditso == Go ne ga lekeletswa diensaetlolopedia tse di farologaneng tsa tirisanommogo tsa mo mafaratlhatlheng (inthanete) pele ga go simololwa ga Wikipedia, mme tsotlhe tsa atlega fela e seng mo go kalo kalo. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Garber |first=Megan |date=October 12, 2011 |title=The contribution conundrum: Why did Wikipedia succeed while other encyclopedias failed? |url=https://www.niemanlab.org/2011/10/the-contribution-conundrum-why-did-wikipedia-succeed-while-other-encyclopedias-failed/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210114540/https://www.niemanlab.org/2011/10/the-contribution-conundrum-why-did-wikipedia-succeed-while-other-encyclopedias-failed/ |archive-date=February 10, 2023 |access-date=June 5, 2016 |website=Nieman Lab}}</ref> Wikipedia e simolotse e le lenaneo le le tlaleletsang Nupedia, e leng thulaganyo ya mahala ya mafaratlhatlha a inthanete ya ensaetlolopedia ya puo ya Sekgoa e makwalo a yone a neng a kwalwa ke baitseanape le go sekasekwa ka fa tlase ga thulaganyo e e tlhomameng. <ref name="KockJungSyn2016">{{Cite journal |last=Kock |first=Ned |author-link=Ned Kock |last2=Jung |first2=Yusun |last3=Syn |first3=Thant |date=2016 |title=Wikipedia and e-Collaboration Research: Opportunities and Challenges |url=https://cits.tamiu.edu/kock/pubs/journals/2016JournalIJeC_WikipediaEcollaboration/Kock_etal_2016_IJeC_WikipediaEcollaboration.pdf |url-status=live |journal=[[International Journal of e-Collaboration]] |publisher=IGI Global |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=1–8 |doi=10.4018/IJeC.2016040101 |issn=1548-3681 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160927001627/https://cits.tamiu.edu/kock/pubs/journals/2016JournalIJeC_WikipediaEcollaboration/Kock_etal_2016_IJeC_WikipediaEcollaboration.pdf |archive-date=September 27, 2016}}</ref> E tlhomilwe ka Mopitlo a le malatsi a le boferabongwe, ngwaga wa 2000, e le ya Bomis, e leng kompone ya web portal . Batho ba bagolo ba yone e ne e le Mookamedi-mogolo wa Bomis e bong Jimmy Wales le Larry Sanger, morulaganyi-mogolo wa Nupedia mme moragonyana wa Wikipedia. Nupedia e neilwe teseletso lantlha ka fa tlase ga teseletso ya yone ya Diteng tse di Buletsweng tsa Nupedia. Pele ga Wikipedia e tlhongwa, Nupedia e ne ya fetogela kwa Teseletso ya Dikwalo ya Mahala ya GNU se se rotloediwa ke Richard Stallman . Gantsi Wales o fiwa tlotla gore o ne a kgona go tlhalosa ka botlalo maikano a go dira ensaetlolopedia e makwalo a yone a kgonang go kwalwa le go baakangwa ke setshaba , fa Sanger ene a bokelwa go tswa ka leano la go dirisa wiki go fitlhelela maikano ao. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-01-15 |title=Tech Rewind: How Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia came to be |url=https://www.mid-day.com/lifestyle/health-and-fitness/article/tech-rewind--how-wikipedia--the-free-encyclopedia-came-to-be-15915177 |access-date=2026-01-08 |website=Mid-day |language=en}}</ref> Ka Firikgong a le malatsi a le lesome, ngwaga wa 2001, Sanger o ne a ntsha mogopolo mo dithomelong tsa Nupedia go tlhama wiki gore e bereke go "thusa" lenaneo la Nupedia. <ref name="nupedia feeder from WP 1" group="W">{{Cite news|last=Sanger|first=Larry|date=January 10, 2001|title=Let's Make a Wiki|url=https://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000676.html|access-date=December 26, 2008|publisher=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref> === Tshimololo le kgolo === Wikipedia e simolodisitswe ka Firikgong a le malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2001, (ka dinako tse dingwe le bidiwa "Letsatsi la Wikipedia"), {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|page=7}} e le kgatiso e le nngwe ya puo ya Sekgoa e e nang le leina la kgolagano ya ''www.wikipedia.com'', mme le ne la bolelwa ke Sanger mo dithomelong tsa Nupedia. Leina le, le le duleng ka Sanger go thibela tshenyo epe e e ka nnang teng mo leineng la Nupedia, <ref>{{Cite news|last=Larry Sanger|author-link=Larry Sanger|date=11 January 2001|title=Re: [Advisory-l] The wiki...|publisher=Nupedia mailing list|url=http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html|access-date=10 July 2026|archivedate=14 April 2003|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20030414021138/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html}}</ref> le simolotse mo motswakong wa mafoko ''wiki'' le ''encyclopedia'' . Wales o boletse gore kgopolo ya Wikipedia e ne ya tlhotlhelediwa ke dikgopolo tsa thulaganyo e e sa rulaganngwang e e neng e amana le Friedrich Hayek le [[Austrian School|Sekolo sa tsa itsholelo sa kwa Austria]] morago ga gore moitseanape wa tsa itsholelo yo o ratang kgololesego e bong Mark Thornton a supe megopolo ye . <ref>{{Cite news|date=2009-04-15|title=Wikipedia's Model Follows Hayek - WSJ|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB123976347774119699}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Mangu-Ward |first=Katherine |date=2007-05-30 |title=Wikipedia and Beyond |url=https://reason.com/2007/05/30/wikipedia-and-beyond/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210725210204/https://reason.com/2007/05/30/wikipedia-and-beyond/ |archive-date=July 25, 2021 |access-date=2026-04-21 |website=Reason.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Segolobogolo, Wales o ne ya tlhotlhelediwa ke polelo ya ga Hayek ya Tiriso ya Kitso mo Setšhabeng e e neng e bolela gore e ne e le "konokono" mo mogopolong wa gagwe ka ga "kafa a ka laolang lenaneo la Wikipedia ka teng". <ref name=":0" /> Molao wa tsamaiso ya yone o o botlhokwa wa " pono e e sa tseyeng letlhakore " o ne wa simolola mo ngwageng wa yone wa ntlha . {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|page=29}}Mme fela, go ne go na le melao e mmalwa, mme e ne e bereka e sa laolwe ke Nupedia. Bomis kwa tshimologong e ne e ikaeletse gore e nne kgwebo e e dirang dipoelo. <ref name="Seth-Finkelstein">{{Cite news|date=September 25, 2008|title=Read me first: Wikipedia isn't about human potential, whatever Wales says|work=[[The Guardian]]|location=London|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2008/sep/25/wikipedia.internet|access-date=January 23, 2023}}</ref> Wikipedia e ne ya bona bakwadi/batlatsi ba ntlha go tswa mo Nupedia, dipego tsa ''Slashdot'', le go dira dikgolagano tsa enjene ya patlo ya webo. Dikgatiso tsa puo di ne tsa tlhamiwa go simolola ka Mopitlo 2001, mme palo yotlhe ya tse di ne di dirisiwang di le lekgolo le masome a le marataro le bongwe kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga wa 2004. Nupedia le Wikipedia di ne tsa nna mmogo go fitlhela disefara tsa Nupedia di emisetswa ruri ka 2003, mme dikwalo tsa yone di ne tsa tsenngwa mo Wikipedia. Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e fetile letshwao la dikwalo tse di didikadike di le pedi (2 million) ka Lwetse a le malatsi a le boferabongwe, ngwaga wa 2007, mme se se ne sa e dira gore e nne ensaetlolopedia e kgolo go gaisa tsotlhe tse di kileng tsa kokoanngwa, e feta ''Ensaetlolopedia ya Yongle'' e e neng ya dirwa kwa China ka nako ya puso ya ga Ming ka 1408, e e neng e tshwere rekoto ya teng dingwaga di ka nna makgolo a le marataro. Ka ntlha ya go tshaba papatso ya dikgwebo le go tlhoka taolo, badirisi ba Wikipedia ya Sepanishe ba ne ba tswa mo Wikipedia go tlhama {{Lang|es|[[Enciclopedia Libre]]}} ka Tlhakole 2002. <ref name="EL fears and start 1" group="W">{{Cite web |title=[long] Enciclopedia Libre: msg#00008 |url=https://osdir.com/ml/science.linguistics.wikipedia.international/2003-03/msg00008.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081006065927/https://osdir.com/ml/science.linguistics.wikipedia.international/2003-03/msg00008.html |archive-date=October 6, 2008 |access-date=December 26, 2008 |website=Osdir}}</ref> Morago ga moo Wales o ne a ntsha kitsiso ya gore Wikipedia ga e kitla e bontsha dikgang tsa ipapatso mme ya fetola kgolagano ya dikhomphiutha go tswa go ''wikipedia.com'' go ya go ''wikipedia.org'' . <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=Vibber |first=Brion |date=August 16, 2002 |title=Brion VIBBER at pobox.com |url=https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2002-August/003982.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140620071550/https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2002-August/003982.html |archive-date=June 20, 2014 |access-date=December 8, 2020 |website=[[Wikimedia]]}}</ref> Morago ga paka ya ntlha ya kgolo e e kwa godimo, <ref name="wikisym slowing growth 1" /> go lebega selekanyo sa kgolo ya Wikipedia ya Sekgoa go ya ka dipalo tsa dikwalo tse disha le tsa bakwadi e ne ya tsholetsega thata go bapa le ngwaga wa 2007 o simolola. <ref name="guardian WP user peak 1">{{Cite news|title=Wikipedia approaches its limits|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2009/aug/12/wikipedia-deletionist-inclusionist|access-date=March 31, 2010}}</ref> Kgatiso e e ne ya fitlhelela dikwalo di le didikadike di le tharo ka Phatwe 2009. Dikwalo di ka nna sekete le makgolo a le boferabobedi di ne di tsenngwa mo ensaetlolopedia ye ka letsatsi ka ngwaga wa 2006; ka 2013 palogare eo e ne e tsamaela makgolo a le boferabobedi. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=((Editors of Wikipedia)) |author-link=Special:History/Wikipedia:Modelling Wikipedia extended growth |title=Wikipedia:Modelling Wikipedia extended growth |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Modelling_Wikipedia_extended_growth |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110826234512/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Modelling_Wikipedia%27s_growth |archive-date=August 26, 2011 |access-date=January 23, 2023 |website=Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Setlhopha kwa Lekalaneng la Dipatlisiso la Palo Alto se ne sa amanya go fokotsega mo ga kgolo le "go oketsega ga kgokagano le ditshenyegelo tse di kwa godimo, go se akarediwe batho ba basha mo lenaneong, le go gana diphetogo tse disha". Ba bangwe ba ne ba akantsha gore kgolo e ne ya fokotsega ka gonne dikwalo tse di ka bidiwang " [[wiktionary:low-hanging fruit|tse di motlhofo thata]] "— tsa ditlhogo tse di tshwanelwang ke go nna dikwalo—di ne di setse di tlhamilwe le go agiwa thata. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Cohen|author-link=Noam Cohen|title=Wikipedia&nbsp;– Exploring Fact City|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/29/weekinreview/29cohen.html}}</ref> Ka Ngwanatsele 2009, mmatlisisi mongwe kwa Sekolong sa dithuto tse dikgolwane sa Rey Juan Carlos kwa Madrid, kwa Spain, o ne a fitlhela gore Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e ne e latlhegetswe ke bakwadi/batlatsi ba le dikete di le masome a mane le boferabongwe mo dikgweding tsa ntlha tse tharo tsa 2009; fa e bapisiwa, e ne e latlhegetswe ke bakwadi ba le dikete di le nne le makgolo a le boferabongwe fela mo pakeng e e tshwanang ka 2008. <ref name="guardian editors leaving 1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2009/nov/26/wikipedia-losing-disgruntled-editors|title=Wikipedia falling victim to a war of words|work=The Guardian|location=London|first=Jenny|last=Kleeman|date=November 26, 2009|access-date=December 13, 2016}}</ref> ''Pego ya The Wall Street'' e ne ya umaka melao e e farologaneng e e dirisiwang mo go direng dikwalo le dikganetsano tse di amanang le diteng tsa one gareng ga mabaka a a dirang gore go nne le tlwaelo ya kgang ye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fowler |first=Geoffrey A. |last2=Angwin |first2=Julia |date=November 27, 2009 |title=Volunteers Log Off as Wikipedia Ages |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB125893981183759969 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221204041034/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB125893981183759969 |archive-date=December 4, 2022 |access-date=January 23, 2023 |website=[[The Wall Street Journal]]}}</ref> Wales o ne a ganetsa dikgang tse ka 2009, a ganela dikgang tsa phokotsego le go belaela mokgwa wa patlisiso eo. <ref name="telegraph Wales WP not losing editors 1">{{Cite news|last=Barnett|first=Emma|date=November 26, 2009|title=Wikipedia's Jimmy Wales denies site is 'losing' thousands of volunteer editors|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|location=London|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/wikipedia/6660646/Wikipedias-Jimmy-Wales-denies-site-is-losing-thousands-of-volunteer-editors.html|access-date=March 31, 2010}}</ref> Morago ga dingwaga di le pedi, ka 2011, o ne a amogela gore go nnile le phokotsego e nnye, a lemoga phokotsego go tswa go "bakwadi ba ba fetang dikete di le masome a mararo le borataro go le sekae" ka Seetebosigo 2010 go ya go ba le dikete di le masome a mararo le botlhano le makgolo a le boferabobedi ka Seetebosigo 2011. Mo go yone potsolotso eo, o ne a bolela gape gore palo ya bakwadi e ne e "tlhomame e bile e tswelelela pele". <ref name="wiki-women">{{Cite news|last=Rawlinson|first=Kevin|date=August 8, 2011|title=Wikipedia seeks women to balance its 'geeky' editors|newspaper=The Independent|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/wikipedia-seeks-women-to-balance-its-geeky-editors-2333605.html|access-date=April 5, 2012}}</ref> Setlhogo sa lekwalo la 2013 la ''MIT Technology Review'', "Go wela tlase ga Wikipedia", se ne sa belaela polelo e, sa bega gore fa e sale ka 2007 Wikipedia e ne e latlhegetswe ke nngwetharong ya bakwadi ba yone ba ba ithaopileng, mme sa akantsha gore ba ba setseng ba ne ba tlhomile mogopolo thata mo dintlheng tse dinnye. <ref name="Simonite-2013">{{Cite journal |last=Simonite |first=Tom |date=October 22, 2013 |title=The Decline of Wikipedia |url=https://www.technologyreview.com/2013/10/22/175674/the-decline-of-wikipedia/ |url-status=live |journal=[[MIT Technology Review]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220731083716/https://www.technologyreview.com/2013/10/22/175674/the-decline-of-wikipedia/ |archive-date=July 31, 2022 |access-date=November 30, 2013}}</ref> Ka Phukwi 2012, ''The Atlantic'' e ne ya bega gore palo ya batsamaisi le yone e ne e fokotsega. <ref name="Meyer-2012">{{Cite news|last=Meyer|first=Robinson|date=July 16, 2012|title=3 Charts That Show How Wikipedia Is Running Out of Admins|work=The Atlantic|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/07/3-charts-that-show-how-wikipedia-is-running-out-of-admins/259829|access-date=January 23, 2023}}</ref> Ka Ngwanatseele 2013, bukana ya ditshwantsho ya ''New York'' e ne ya bolela jaana, "Wikipedia, webosaete ya borataro e e dirisiwang thata, e lebagane le mathata a tsamaiso ya one." Palo ya bakwadi ba esaentlolopedia ya Sekgoa ba ba e dirisang gangwe le gape fa e sa le ka nako eo e ntse e tlhomame morago ga nako e telele ya go wela tlase. <ref>{{Cite news|last=F.|first=G.|date=May 5, 2013|title=Who really runs Wikipedia?|newspaper=The Economist|url=https://www.economist.com/the-economist-explains/2013/05/05/who-really-runs-wikipedia|access-date=November 26, 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mandiberg |first=Michael |date=February 23, 2020 |title=Mapping Wikipedia |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2020/02/where-wikipedias-editors-are-where-they-arent-and-why/605023/ |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211115131524/https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2020/02/where-wikipedias-editors-are-where-they-arent-and-why/605023 |archive-date=November 15, 2021 |access-date=November 26, 2021 |website=The Atlantic}}</ref> Ka Firikgong a le malatsi a le masome a mabedi, ngwaga wa 2014, Subodh Varma yo o neng a begela ''The Economic Times'' o ne a supa gore ga se fela gore kgolo ya Wikipedia e ne e eme, e ne e "latlhegetswe ke palo ya dipono tsa dikwalo di ka nna lesome mo lekgolong ngogola. Go nnile le phokotsego ye e ka nnang dikadikadike di le dikete tse pedi (2 billion) fa gare ga Sedimonthole 2012 le Sedimonthole 2013. Diphetolelo tsa yone tse di ratiwang thata ke tsone tse di eteletseng pele mo tsebeng: dipono tsa dikwalo tsa Wikipedia ya Sekgoa di fokotsegile ka lesome le bobedi mo lekgolong (12%), tsa mofuta wa Sejeremane di fokotsegile ka lesome le bosupa mo lekgolong (17%) mme tsa mofuta wa Sejapane di fokotsegile ka boferabongwe mo lekgolong (9%)." <ref name="economictimes.indiatimes.com">{{Cite news|last=Varma|first=Subodh|date=January 20, 2014|title=Google eating into Wikipedia page views?|work=The Economic Times|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/29094246.cms|access-date=February 10, 2014}}</ref> Varma o ne a tlatsa a re, "Le fa baokamedi ba Wikipedia ba akanya gore se se ka tswa se bakilwe ke diphoso tsa go tsaa dipalo, baitseanape ba bangwe ba akanya gore lenaneo la Google la Knowledge Graphs le le simolotsweng ngogola le ka tswa le ne le tsaya badirisi ba Wikipedia." <ref name="economictimes.indiatimes.com" /> Fa go ikgolagangwa le ene, Clay Shirky, morutintshi-mmogo kwa Sekolo sa dithuto tse dikgolwane sa New York le modiri ka ene kwa Lekalana la Setšhaba le mafaratlhatlha a Inthanete la Berkman Klein la Harvard o ne a bolela gore o belaela gore bontsi jwa go fokotsega ga go lebelewa ga ditsebe go bakilwe ke Dikerafo tsa Kitso, a bolela jaana, "Fa o ka kgona go bona karabo ya potso ya gago mo tsebeng ya patlo, ga o tlhoke go [tobetsa] go ya pele." <ref name="economictimes.indiatimes.com" /> Kwa bokhutlong jwa Sedimonthole 2016, Wikipedia e ne ya fiwa maemo a botlhano mo webosaeteng e e itseweng thata mo lefatsheng lotlhe ka bophara. <ref name="Alexa">{{Cite web |title=Alexa Top 500 Global Sites |url=https://www.alexa.com/topsites |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210203120227/https://www.alexa.com/topsites |archive-date=February 3, 2021 |access-date=December 28, 2016 |website=[[Alexa Internet]]}}</ref> Go ema ka Firikgong 2023, go setse go nopotswe dikwalo di le dikete di le masome a matlhano le botlhano le makgolo a le bosupa le masome a le boferabongwe le bongwe (55 791) tsa Wikipedia ya Sekgoa makgetho a le dikete di le masome a le boferabongwe le bobedi le makgolo a le mararo (92 300 ) mo dibukaneng tsa barutegi, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Citations of Wikipedia as an Online Resource |url=https://exaly.com/online-resource/146983/en.wikipedia.org |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221104134042/https://exaly.com/online-resource/146983/en.wikipedia.org |archive-date=November 4, 2022 |access-date=November 4, 2022 |publisher=exaly}}</ref> tse go tswa mo go tsone tiriso ya dikitso tsa dikhomphiutha e neng e le tsebe e e nopotsweng thata. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Citations of Cloud Computing |url=https://exaly.com/online-document/8348259/articles/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221104134042/https://exaly.com/online-document/8348259/articles/ |archive-date=November 4, 2022 |access-date=November 4, 2022 |publisher=exaly}}</ref> === Dithulaganyo tse di berekang le yone === Wikipedia e tlhamile mananeo a le mmalwa a a berekang le ensaetlolopedia, tse gape e leng diwiki tse di tsamaisiwang ke [[Wikimedia Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] . [[Wikimedia Foundation|Mananeo a mangwe a Wikimedia]] a a akaretsa Wiktionary, lenaneo la bukana ya ithunthuntso mafoko e e neng ya simololwa ka Sedimonthole 2002, Wikiquote, kokoanyo ya dinopolo tse di tlhamilweng beke morago ga gore Wikimedia e simololwe, <ref>{{Cite book |last=Woods |first=Dan |year=2007 |title=Wikis for dummies |last2=Theony |first2=Peter |publisher=[[Wiley (publisher)|John Wiley & Sons]] |isbn=978-1-118-05066-8 |edition=1st |location=Hoboken, NJ |page=58 |chapter=3: The Thousand Problem-Solving Faces of Wikis |oclc=1300481129 |ol=5741003W}}</ref> Wikibooks, kokoanyo ya dibukathuto tsa mahala tse di kwadilweng ka tirisanommogo, <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=((Editors of Meta-Wiki)) |author-link=m:Special:History/Talk:Science Hypertextbook project |title=Talk:Science Hypertextbook project |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=153077 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230319183224/http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=153077 |archive-date=March 19, 2023 |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki}}</ref> [[Wikimedia Commons]] . e e neng e diretswe metswedi ya dikgang ya kitso e e gololesegileng, Wikinews, ya bobegadikgang jo bo dirisanang mmogo, le Wikiversity, lenaneo la go tlhama didirisiwa tsa go ithuta tsa mahala le go tlamela ka ditiro tsa go ithuta ka inthanete. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=((Editors of Wikiversity)) |author-link=v:Special:History/Wikiversity:History of Wikiversity |title=Wikiversity:History of Wikiversity |url=https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Wikiversity:History_of_Wikiversity |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150724204635/https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Wikiversity:History_of_Wikiversity |archive-date=July 24, 2015 |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=Wikiversity |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Lenaneo le lengwe la Wikipedia, Wikispecies, le nankolola mefuta ya ditshedi tsotlhe, mme ga e a bulegela go ka tlaletswa ke setšhaba. <ref>{{Cite journal |date=February 18, 2005 |title=NET News: Calling All Taxonomists |journal=Science |volume=307 |issue=5712 |page=1021 |doi=10.1126/science.307.5712.1021a |s2cid=220095354 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Ka 2012, Wikivoyage, e leng kaedi ya mesepele e e ka tlaleletswang, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Luyt |first=Brendan |date=January 1, 2020 |title=A new kind of travel guide or more of the same? Wikivoyage and Cambodia |journal=Online Information Review |volume=45 |issue=2 |pages=356–371 |doi=10.1108/OIR-03-2020-0104}}</ref> le Wikidata, e leng motheo wa kitso o o ka tlaleletswang le one, di ne tsa simololwa. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=Roth |first=Matthew |date=March 30, 2012 |title=The Wikipedia data revolution |url=https://diff.wikimedia.org/2012/03/30/the-wikipedia-data-revolution/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210114634/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2012/03/30/the-wikipedia-data-revolution/ |archive-date=February 10, 2023 |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=Diff |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> === Diphitlhelelo === [[File:List_of_Wikipedia_articles_by_language_-_March_2024.svg|thumb|[[Cartogram]] showing number of articles in the top 88 Wikipedias ({{as of|2024|3|lc=y|post=).}} The size of the circles for Wikipedias that have less than a million articles is fixed and not proportional to the size of the Wikipedia. The smallest Wikipedia that made the cutoff is the [[Haitian Creole]] Wikipedia with 69K articles.{{efn|As of April 2026, the [[Haitian Creole]] Wikipedia, with 72K articles, is in 91st place when ranked by number of articles.}}<br /> The languages are roughly grouped by region: <br />{{hlist|{{legend0|#4C0099|[[Northern Europe]]}}|{{legend0|#CC0000|[[Southern Europe]]}}|{{legend0|#CCCC00|[[Eastern Europe]]}}|{{legend0|#CC6600|[[Middle East]]}}|{{legend0|#4C9900|[[East Asia]]}}|{{legend0|#00CDFF|[[Indian subcontinent]]}}|{{legend0|#660000|[[Sub-Saharan Africa]]}}|{{legend0|#808080|[[Central Asia]]}}|{{legend0|#6600CC|[[Caribbean]]}}}} ]] Ka Firikgong 2007, Wikipedia e ne ya nna nngwe ya diwebosaete tse di lesome tse di tumileng thata kwa Amerika, go ya ka Comscore Networks. <ref name="Comscore-2007">{{Cite web |date=February 15, 2007 |title=New Year's Resolutions Reflected in January U.S. Web Traffic |url=https://ir.comscore.com/static-files/45b068e1-1cee-412a-b48f-21ec34e7b59d |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210819190445/https://ir.comscore.com/static-files/45b068e1-1cee-412a-b48f-21ec34e7b59d |archive-date=August 19, 2021 |access-date=January 23, 2023 |website=[[Comscore]] |page=3 |format=PDF}}</ref> Ka badirisi ba yone ba ba kgethegileng ba le didikadike di le masome a mane le bobedi le dikete di le makgolo a le boferabongwe (42.9), e ne ya nna mo maemong a boferabongwe, e feta ''The New York Times'' (maemo a lesome) le Apple (maemo a lesome le bongwe). <ref name="Comscore-2007" /> Se se ne sa tshwaya koketsego e e bonalang go feta Firikgong 2006, fa Wikipedia e ne e le mo maemong a bomasome a le mararo le boraro, ka badirisi ba kgethegileng ba le didikadike di le lesome le boferabobedi le dikete di le makgolo a le mararo ka (18.3 million). Ka 2014, e ne ya amogela dipono tsa ditsebe di le didikadike di le dikete tse di boferabobedi (8 billion) kgwedi le kgwedi. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Wikimedia Traffic Analysis Report&nbsp;– Wikipedia Page Views Per Country |url=https://stats.wikimedia.org/wikimedia/squids/SquidReportPageViewsPerCountryOverview.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111020212633/http://stats.wikimedia.org/wikimedia/squids/SquidReportPageViewsPerCountryOverview.htm |archive-date=October 20, 2011 |access-date=March 8, 2015 |publisher=Wikimedia Foundation}}</ref> Ka Tlhakole a le malatsi ae boferabongwe, 2014, ''The New York Times'' e ne ya bega gore Wikipedia e ne e na le &nbsp;dipono tsa ditsebe di le dikadikadike di le dikete tse dilesome le boferabobedi (18 billion) le badirisi ba ba kgethegileng ba le didikadike di le makgolo a le matlhano (500 million) ka kgwedi, "go ya ka ditekanyetso tsa comScore". <ref name="small screen">{{Cite news|last=Cohen|first=Noam|author-link=Noam Cohen|date=February 9, 2014|title=Wikipedia vs. the Small Screen|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/02/10/technology/wikipedia-vs-the-small-screen.html?_r=0|access-date=January 22, 2023}}</ref> Go ema ka Mopitlo 2023, e ne le mo maemong a borataro ka go tuma go ya kaSimilarweb.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Similarweb |title=Top Websites Ranking – Most Visited Websites In The World |url=https://www.similarweb.com/top-websites/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220210041116/https://www.similarweb.com/top-websites/ |archive-date=February 10, 2022 |access-date=March 4, 2023 |website=[[Similarweb]]}}</ref> Jeff Loveland le Joseph Reagle ba nganga gore, mo tsamaisong, Wikipedia e latela mokgwa wa tsela e e telele wa diensaetlolopedia tsa ditso tse di kokoantseng ditokafatso ka bonya ka bonya ka " go kokoanya ga stigmergy ". <ref name="sagepub WP and encyclopedic production 1">{{Cite journal |last=Loveland |first=Jeff |last2=Reagle |first2=Joseph |date=January 15, 2013 |title=Wikipedia and encyclopedic production |journal=New Media & Society |volume=15 |issue=8 |page=1294 |doi=10.1177/1461444812470428 |issn=1461-4448 |s2cid=27886998}}</ref> <ref name="theatlantic WP actually a reversion 1">{{Cite web |last=Rosen |first=Rebecca J. |date=January 30, 2013 |title=What If the Great Wikipedia 'Revolution' Was Actually a Reversion? |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2013/01/what-if-the-great-wikipedia-revolution-was-actually-a-reversion/272697 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221229051117/https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2013/01/what-if-the-great-wikipedia-revolution-was-actually-a-reversion/272697/ |archive-date=December 29, 2022 |access-date=February 9, 2013 |website=[[The Atlantic]]}}</ref> Ka Firikgong a le malatsi a le lesome le boferabobedi, ngwaga wa 2012, Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e ne ya nna le seabe mo motseletseleng wa ditshupetso tse di rulagantsweng kgatlhanong le melao e mebedi e e neng e tshitshintswe kwa Lekgotlaneng la United States — Molao wa go Emisa go Utswa bodiratsi/dikwalo mo mafaratlhatlheng (SOPA) le Molao wa PROTECT IP (PIPA)—ka go fifatsa ditsebe tsa yone dioura di le masome a mabedi le bone . <ref name="LA Times Jan 19">{{Cite news|title=Wikipedia: SOPA protest led eight million to look up reps in Congress|url=https://latimesblogs.latimes.com/technology/2012/01/wikipedia-sopa-blackout-congressional-representatives.html|access-date=March 6, 2012}}</ref> Batho ba feta didikadike di le lekgolo le le lengwe le masome a mabedi ba bone tsebe e e neng e tlhalosa go fifafatsa moo e e neng e tsere maemo a diteng tsa ensaetlolopedia nakwana e e seng ya sennela ruri. <ref name="BBC WP blackout protest 1">{{Cite news|title=Wikipedia joins blackout protest at US anti-piracy moves|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-16590585|access-date=January 19, 2012}}</ref> <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=SOPA/Blackoutpage |url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/SOPA/Blackoutpage |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622185443/https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/SOPA/Blackoutpage |archive-date=June 22, 2018 |access-date=January 19, 2012 |publisher=Wikimedia Foundation}}</ref> Ka Firikgong 2013, 274301 Wikipedia, e leng asteroid, e ne ya bidiwa ka Wikipedia; <ref>{{Cite news|last=Workman|first=Robert|date=January 5, 2013|title=Asteroid Re-Named 'Wikipedia'|work=[[Space.com]]|url=https://www.space.com/19643-asteroid-named-wikipedia.html|access-date=January 23, 2023}}</ref> ka Phalane 2014, Wikipedia e ne ya tlotlomatswa ka ''Sefikantswe sa Wikipedia'' ; <ref>{{Cite news|last=Katz|first=Leslie|date=October 27, 2014|title=A Wikipedia monument? It's true (we're pretty sure)|work=[[CNET]]|url=https://www.cnet.com/tech/services-and-software/a-wikipedia-monument-its-true-were-pretty-sure/|access-date=January 23, 2023}}</ref> mme, ka Phukwi 2015, ditshutiso tsa Wikipedia di le lekgolo le le lengwe le borataro (106) mo go tse di dikete di le bosupa le makgolo a le mane le masome a le bosupa le boraro (7 473) tse di nang le ditsebe di le makgolo a le masupa 700 di ne tsa nna teng e le Wikipedia e e Gatisitsweng . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sawers |first=Paul |date=June 18, 2015 |title=You can soon buy a 7,471-volume printed version of Wikipedia for $500,000 |url=https://venturebeat.com/business/you-can-soon-buy-a-7471-volume-printed-version-of-wikipedia-for-500000/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221017154940/https://venturebeat.com/business/you-can-soon-buy-a-7471-volume-printed-version-of-wikipedia-for-500000/ |archive-date=October 17, 2022 |access-date=January 24, 2023 |website=VentureBeat}}</ref> Ka Moranang 2019, sefofane sa Iseraele se se fologang mo ngweding, Beresheet, se ne sa wela mo godimo ga [[Ngwedi]] se tshotse dikhophi tsa dikwalo tsa Wikipedia ya sekgoa tsotlhe di gateletswe mo dipoleiting tse ditshesane tsa nikele; baitseanape ba re go ka direga gore dipoleiti tse di ne tsa seka tsa amega fa tiragalo e ya go wa ga sefofane e diragala. <ref name="WRD-20190805">{{Cite news|last=Oberhaus|first=Daniel|date=August 5, 2019|title=A Crashed Israeli Lunar Lander Spilled Tardigrades On The Moon|work=[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]]|url=https://www.wired.com/story/a-crashed-israeli-lunar-lander-spilled-tardigrades-on-the-moon/|access-date=August 6, 2019}}</ref> <ref name="VOX-20190806">{{Cite news|last=Resnick|first=Brian|title=Tardigrades, the toughest animals on Earth, have crash-landed on the moon&nbsp;– The tardigrade conquest of the solar system has begun.|url=https://www.vox.com/science-and-health/2019/8/6/20756844/tardigrade-moon-beresheet-arch-mission|date=August 6, 2019|work=[[Vox (website)|Vox]]|access-date=August 6, 2019}}</ref> Ka Seetebosigo 2019, baitseanape ba maranyane ba ne ba bega gore 16 GB otlhe wa dikwalo tse di tswang mo Wikipedia ya Sekgoa o tsentswe mo DNA ya maitirelo . <ref name="CNET-20190629">{{Cite news|last=Shankland|first=Stephen|date=June 29, 2019|title=Startup packs all 16&nbsp;GB of Wikipedia onto DNA strands to demonstrate new storage tech&nbsp;– Biological molecules will last a lot longer than the latest computer storage technology, Catalog believes.|work=[[CNET]]|url=https://www.cnet.com/news/startup-packs-all-16gb-wikipedia-onto-dna-strands-demonstrate-new-storage-tech/|access-date=August 15, 2023}}</ref> Ka Firikgong a le lesome le boferabobedi, 2023, Wikipedia e ne ya simolodisa webosaete e ntšha e e baakantsweng , e e bidiwang " Vector 2022 ". <ref name="Pearl-2023">{{Cite web |last=Pearl |first=Mike |date=January 18, 2023 |title=Yes, Wikipedia looks weird. Don't freak out. |url=https://mashable.com/article/new-wikipedia-redesign |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230120012235/https://mashable.com/article/new-wikipedia-redesign |archive-date=January 20, 2023 |access-date=January 23, 2023 |website=[[Mashable]]}}</ref> <ref name="Tech Desk-2023">{{Cite web |last=Tech Desk |date=January 18, 2023 |title=Wikipedia gets a facelift after 10 years: A look at new interface and features |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/technology/wikipedia-gets-a-facelift-after-10-years-a-look-at-new-interface-and-features/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230119054103/https://indianexpress.com/article/technology/wikipedia-gets-a-facelift-after-10-years-a-look-at-new-interface-and-features/ |archive-date=January 19, 2023 |access-date=January 22, 2023 |website=The Indian Express}}</ref> E ne e na le tsebe ya lenaneo e e tlhamilweng sesha, e sutisetsa tafole ya diteng kafa molemeng go e dira baara e e kafa thoko, le diphetogo di le dintsi fa go tobediwang teng go tlhopha tse o batlang go di dirisa jaaka sedirisiwa sa go tlhopha puo. <ref name="Tech Desk-2023" /> <ref group="W">{{Cite news|date=January 18, 2023|title=Wikipedia Gets a Fresh New Look: First Desktop Update in a Decade Puts Usability at the Forefront|work=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/01/18/wikipedia-gets-a-fresh-new-look-first-desktop-update-in-a-decade-puts-usability-at-the-forefront/|access-date=January 22, 2023}}</ref> Ntšhafatso e e ne ya amogela tsibogo e e sa siamang kwa tshimologong, segolobogolo fa bakwadi botlhe ba Wikipedia ya Seswahili ba ne ba tlhopha go busetsa diphetogo morago. <ref name="Pearl-2023" /> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Rauwerda |first=Annie |date=January 18, 2023 |title=Wikipedia's Redesign Is Barely Noticeable. That's the Point. |url=https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/wikipedia-redesign-vector-2022-skin.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230120005241/https://slate.com/technology/2023/01/wikipedia-redesign-vector-2022-skin.html |archive-date=January 20, 2023 |access-date=January 23, 2023 |website=Slate Magazine}}</ref> Bobedi jo, Sanger le Wales ba ne tsenelela dipotsolotso tse di phatlalatsa kwa bokhutlong jwa 2025 ka ga dikakanyo tsa bone ka ga maemo le seemo sa Wikipedia, go fitlha go felela fa dingwageng tsa one tse di masome a mabedi le botlhano e ntse e le mo tirisong ka Firikgong a le lesome le botlhano, ngwaga wa 2026; Wales o ne a tlhagelela mo thulaganyong ya dikgang tsa PBS mo lenaneong la GZERO World e e neng e botsolodiwa ke Ian Bremmer mme Sanger o ne a tlhagelela mo Dikgannyeng tsa Fox, e e neng e botsolodiwa ke Ashley Rindsberg . Buka ya ga Wales ya ''Melao e e Supa ya go Ikanyega'' e ne ya gatisiwa ke Penguin Random House ka Phalane 2025 . E ne ya tlhalosiwa ke mogatisi jaaka "kakanyo e e tseneletseng ka ga mathata a lefatshe a go ikanyega le kitso" e le buka e e kanokang "melao ya go tshepana" e e letleletseng kgolo le katlego ya Wikipedia. <ref name="Penguin">{{Cite web |title=The Seven Rules of Trust |url=https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/734278/the-seven-rules-of-trust-by-jimmy-wales-with-dan-gardner/ |access-date=22 October 2025 |website=[[Penguin Random House]] |language=en}}</ref> === Ditlamorago tsa maranyane a botlhale jwa maiterelo (generative AI ) mo dipalong tsa dipono tsa ditsebe tsa Wikipedia === Fa e sa le ka Firikgong 2024, Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia o begile koketsego ya sephatlo mo lekgolong ya tiriso tsa dibandwith go tswa mo go bapaleng diteng tsa bobegakgang mo mananeong a one otlhe. Go ya ka mokgatlho yo, kgolo e e amana le mananeo a a iperekisang ka boone, kgotsa di-bot tsa " scraper ", tse di kokoanyang ditshutiso tsa kitso mo ditsebeng tsa Wikimedia gore di dirisiwe mo go katiseng didirisiwa tse ditona tsa puo le ditiro tse di amanang le tsone. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Weaver |first=Tanya |date=2025-04-04 |title=AI scraper bots putting costly strain on Wikimedia infrastructure |url=https://eandt.theiet.org/2025/04/04/ai-scraper-bots-are-putting-costly-strain-wikimedias-infrastructure |access-date=2025-10-22 |website=eandt.theiet.org}}</ref> Ka Phalane 2025, Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia o ne wa bega palo kakanyetso e le boferabobedi mo lekgolong ya phokotsego ya pharakano fa go bapisiwa le kgwedi e e tshwanang ka 2024 mo diponong tse di dirilweng ke batho. Ba bua gore se se bontsha tiriso ya Maranyane a botlhale jwa maitirelo le metswedi ya dikgang di sedimosa ka fa batho ba ratang go batla kitso/dikgang ka teng. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ha |first=Anthony |date=2025-10-18 |title=Wikipedia says traffic is falling due to AI search summaries and social video |url=https://techcrunch.com/2025/10/18/wikipedia-says-traffic-is-falling-due-to-ai-search-summaries-and-social-video/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251221202413/https://techcrunch.com/2025/10/18/wikipedia-says-traffic-is-falling-due-to-ai-search-summaries-and-social-video/ |archive-date=December 21, 2025 |access-date=2025-10-22 |website=TechCrunch}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Marshall |date=2025-10-17 |title=New User Trends on Wikipedia |url=https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/10/17/new-user-trends-on-wikipedia/ |access-date=2025-10-22 |website=Diff}}</ref> == Tirisanommogo ya bakwadi == [[File:History_Comparison_Example_(Vector).png|thumb|Dipharologano tse di gateletsweng mo dikwalong tsa setlhogo se le sengwe]] === Melawana === Ka ntlha ya go tuma ga Wikipedia mo go ntseng go oketsega, dikgatiso dingwe, di akaretsa le tsa Sekgoa, di simolodisitse melawana e e laolang go tlaleletsa dikwalo fa gongwe. Ka sekai, mo Wikipedia ya sekgoa le dikgatiso dingwe tsa dipuo, badirisi ba ba nang le diphetogo di le lesome tsa dikwalo mme gape ba na le malatsi a le mane e le badirisi ke bone fela ba ba ka dirang dikwalo tse disha. Mo Wikipedia ya Sekgoa, gareng ga tse dingwe, ditsebe tse di bakang dikganetsano thata, tse di masisi, kgotsa tse di nang le kgonagalo ya go senngwa di ile tsa sirelediwa ka selekanyo se se farologaneng. <ref>{{Cite news|last1=Hafner|first1=Katie|date=June 17, 2006|title=Growing Wikipedia Refines Its 'Anyone Can Edit' Policy|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/06/17/technology/17wiki.html|access-date=December 5, 2016}}</ref> Tsebe e e senngwang gantsi e ka nna "e e sireleditsweng bontlhabongwe" kgotsa "e e sireleditsweng e netefaditswe gape e atolositswe", se se rayang gore ke fela bakwadi ba ba "tlhomamisitsweng" kgotsa ba ba "netefaditsweng mo go atolositsweng" ba ka e fetolang. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=12–13}}Setlhogo se se bakang dikganetsano thata se ka nna sa lotlelwa gore e nne batsamaisi fela ba ba ka dirang diphetogo. Lekwalo la 2021 mo ''Columbia Journalism Review'' le ne la supa melawana ya Wikipedia ya go sireletsa ditsebe jaaka "gongwe tsela e e botlhokwa thata" e e nang le yone ya go "laola mmaraka wa yone wa megopolo". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Harrison |first=Stephen |last2=Benjakob |first2=Omer |date=January 14, 2021 |title=Wikipedia is twenty. It's time to start covering it better. |url=https://www.cjr.org/opinion/wikipedia-is-twenty-its-time-to-start-covering-it-better.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117150508/https://www.cjr.org/opinion/wikipedia-is-twenty-its-time-to-start-covering-it-better.php |archive-date=January 17, 2023 |access-date=January 15, 2021 |website=[[Columbia Journalism Review]]}}</ref> Wikipedia e abetse di- bot ditiro dingwe . tsamaiso ya algorithm ya mofuta yoo e bonolo go tsenngwa mo tirisong le go lekanyediwa, mme go gana go amogela diphetogo mo go itirisang (automated rejection ) go ka tswa go nnile le seabe mo go fokotsegeng ga bakwadi ba ba matlhagatlhaga ba Wikipedia. <ref name="Ren-2024">{{Cite journal |last=Ren |first=Yuqing |last2=Zhang |first2=Haifeng |last3=Kraut |first3=Robert E. |date=February 29, 2024 |title=How Did They Build the Free Encyclopedia? A Literature Review of Collaboration and Coordination among Wikipedia Editors |url=https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3617369 |url-status=live |journal=ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction |volume=31 |issue=1 |pages=1–48 |doi=10.1145/3617369 |issn=1073-0516 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240912194101/https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3617369 |archive-date=September 12, 2024 |access-date=September 12, 2024}}</ref> Di-bot di tshwanetse go amogelwa ke badirisi pele ga ditiro tsa tsone di tsenngwa mo tirisong. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|page=36}} Mo dikgannyeng tse dingwe, bakwadi botlhe ba letlelelwa go romela diphetogo, fela go tlhokega tshekatsheko mo bakwading bangwe, go lebilwe diemo dingwe. Ka sekai, Wikipedia ya Sejeremane e boloka "diphetolo tse di tlhomameng" tsa dikwalo tse di fentseng go tlhatlhobiwa mo go rileng. Morago ga diteko tse di tsereng nako e telele le dipuisano tsa badirisi, Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e ne ya tlhagisa thulaganyo ya "diphetogo tse di santseng di letilwe" ka Sedimonthole ngwaga wa 2012. <ref name="BInsider pending changes intro 1">{{Cite news|last=Henderson|first=William|date=December 10, 2012|title=Wikipedia Has Figured Out A New Way To Stop Vandals In Their Tracks|work=[[Insider Inc.|Business Insider]]|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/pending-changes-safeguard-on-wikipedia-2012-12|access-date=January 22, 2023}}</ref> Ka fa tlase ga thulaganyo ye, diphetogo tsa badirisi ba basha le ba ba sa kwadisiwang mo dikwalong dingwe tse di bakang dikganetsano kgotsa tse di nnang di senngwa di sekasekwa ke badirisi ba ba tlhomameng pele ga di gatisiwa. <ref>{{Cite news|last1=Frewin|first1=Jonathan|date=June 15, 2010|title=Wikipedia unlocks divisive pages for editing|journal=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/10312095|access-date=August 21, 2014}}</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, melawana ya go tlaleletsa dikwalo e fokotsa go nna le seabe ga bakwadi ga mmogo le maiteko a go kabakanya morafe wa badirisi. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ajmani |first=Leah |last2=Vincent |first2=Nicholas |last3=Chancellor |first3=Stevie |date=September 28, 2023 |title=Peer Produced Friction: How Page Protection on Wikipedia Affects Editor Engagement and Concentration |url=https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3610198 |url-status=live |journal=Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction |volume=7 |issue=CSCW2 |pages=1–33 |doi=10.1145/3610198 |issn=2573-0142 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240915061444/https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3610198 |archive-date=September 15, 2024 |access-date=September 15, 2024}}</ref> Dikwalo tse di amanang le kgotlhang ya Iseraele le Palestina di bewa ka fa tlase ga tshireletso e e atolositsweng e e netefaditsweng. <ref name="Harrison-2023">{{Cite news|last=Harrison|first=Stephen|date=October 26, 2023|title=Wikipedia Is Covering the War in Israel and Gaza Better Than X|url=https://slate.com/technology/2023/10/wikipedia-elon-musk-gaza-hamas-israel-x-twitter-dispute.html|access-date=December 20, 2023|work=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]|issn=1091-2339}}</ref> Bakwadi gape ba ka dira phetogo ya go boela morago mafoko a bone gangwe fela ka letsatsi go ralala ensaetlolopedia yotlhe mme ba ka thibelwa ruri go tlaleletsa dikwalo tse di amanang le yone. Melawana e e simolotswe ka 2008. <ref name="Benjakob-2020a">{{Cite news|last=Benjakob|first=Omer|date=October 4, 2020|title=The Second Intifada Still Rages on Wikipedia|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2020-10-04/ty-article/.highlight/the-second-intifada-still-rages-on-wikipedia/0000017f-e7fb-da9b-a1ff-efff2c230000|access-date=March 6, 2024|newspaper=[[Haaretz]]}}</ref> Ka Firikgong 2025, Komiti ya Katlholo e ne ya simolodisa "melawana e e lekalekanang ya go tlaleletsa dikwalo", e e tlhokang gore badirisi ba ba nang le dithibelo ba neele fela nngwetharong ya diphetolo tsa bone mo dikwalong tse di amanang le kgotlhang ya Iseraele le Palestina le fa go se na melao epe ya boitshwaro jo bo sa siamang e e robilweng. <ref name="Elia-Shalev-2025">{{Cite web |last=Elia-Shalev |first=Asaf |date=January 24, 2025 |title=Edit wars over Israel spur rare ban of 8 Wikipedia editors — from both sides |url=https://www.jta.org/2025/01/23/israel/edit-wars-over-israel-spur-rare-ban-of-8-wikipedia-editors-from-both-sides |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250610091420/https://www.jta.org/2025/01/23/israel/edit-wars-over-israel-spur-rare-ban-of-8-wikipedia-editors-from-both-sides |archive-date=June 10, 2025 |access-date=May 27, 2025 |website=[[Jewish Telegraphic Agency]]}}</ref> === Tshekatsheko ya diphetogo === [[File:Wikipedia_editing_interface.png|thumb|tsebe ya diphetolo ya Wikipedia]] Le fa diphetogo di sa sekasekwe ka thulaganyo, sofotewere ya Wikipedia e tlamela ka didirisiwa tse di letlelelang mongwe le mongwe go sekaseka diphetogo tse di dirilweng ke ba bangwe. Tsebe ya Ditso ya lekwalo lengwe le sengwe e golagana le diphetolo dingwe le dingwe tsa yone.{{efn|Revisions with libelous content, criminal threats, or copyright infringements may be removed completely.}} Mo dikwalong ka bontsi, mongwe le mongwe o ka lebelela diphetogo tse disha mme gape a baakanya diphetolo tsa ba bangwe ka go tobetsa kgokagano e e mo tsebeng ya Ditso tsa lekwalo la teng. Badirisi ba ba kwadisitsweng ba ka nna ba tlhokometse dikwalo tse di ba kgatlhang ka go nna le "lenaneo la ditebelelo" gore ba kgone go itsisiwe ka diphetogo. "Kanoko ya ditsebe tse disha" ke thulaganyo e mo go yone dikwalo tse di sa tswang go tlhamiwa di tlholwang go bona gore a di na le mathata a a bonalang. Ka 2003, moithuti wa setlankana sa PhD sa dithuto tsa itsholelo Andrea Ciffolilli o ne a bolela gore ditshenyegelo tse di kwa tlase tsa go nna le seabe mo wiki di ne tsa dira gore go nne le tlhabololo ya tirisanommogo, le gore dikarolo tsa mofuta yoo di ne di letlelela gore go nne motlhofo go bona diphetolo tse di fetileng tsa tsebe, mme go ne go thusa ka "dikatlholo tse di agang" go na le "dikatlholo tse di senyang". <ref name="FMonday collaborative effort 1">{{Cite journal |last=Ciffolilli |first=Andrea |date=December 2003 |title=Phantom authority, self-selective recruitment and retention of members in virtual communities: The case of Wikipedia |journal=First Monday |volume=8 |issue=12 |doi=10.5210/fm.v8i12.1108 |doi-access=free}}</ref> === Tshenyo === Phetogo epe e e tshosetsang go thokgama ga Wikipedia ka bomo e tsewa e le go senya. Mefuta e e tlwaelegileng thata e e bonalang ya go senya e akaretsa go oketsa ka dilo tse di fatlhang le metlae e e sa siamang; gape e ka akaretsa ipapatso le mefuta e mengwe ya spam. Ka dinako tse dingwe bakwadi ba senya dikwalo ka go tlosa diteng kgotsa go tsenya tsebe e e senang sepe gotlhelele. Mefuta e e sa tlwaelegang thata ya tshenyo, jaaka go tlaletsa dikwalo ka dikgang tse di utlwalang mme di se boammaaruri ka bomo, di ka nna dingalo thata go lemosega. Batho ba ba senyang dikwalo ba ka tsenya fomate e e sa amaneng le sepe, ba fetola motheo wa tsebe jaaka setlhogo sa tsebe kgotsa go aroganngwa ga yone ka ditlhopha, ba dirisa khoutu e e ka fa tlase ga lekwalo ka boferefere, kgotsa ba dirisa ditshwantsho ka tsela e e kgoreletsang. [[File:John_Seigenthaler_Sr._speaking.jpg|alt=White-haired elderly gentleman in suit and tie speaks at a podium.|left|thumb|Mmegadikgang wa MoAmerika John Seigenthaler (1927–2014), setlhogo sa tiragalo ya buka ya botshelo jwa ga Seigenthaler]] Tshenyo e e bonalang ka kakaretso e motlhofo go ka ntshiwa mo dikwalong tsa Wikipedia; nako ya bogare ya go e lemoga le go e baakanya ke metsotso e le mmalwa. Le fa go ntse jalo, tshenyo ye nngwe e tsaya lobaka thata go ka lemogwa le go baakanngwa. Mo tiragalong ya buka ya botshelo jwa ga Seigenthaler, mokwadi mongwe yo o neng a ipipile leina a sa itsiwe o ne a tsenya kgang ye e e seng boammaaruri mo lekwalong la botshelo jwa moeteledipele wa sepolotiki wa Amerika e bong John Seigenthaler ka Motsheganong 2005, a mo kaya mo go maaka jaaka mmelaelwa wa polao ya ga John F. Kennedy . E ne ya nna e sa baakanngwa dikgwedi di le nne. Seigenthaler, mookamedi yo o simolotseng ''USA Today'' le motlhami wa lekgotlana la kgololesego ya Lekalana la Phetolo ya Ntlha kwa Sekolo sa dithuto tse dikgolwane sa Vanderbilt, o ne a leletsa motlhami-mmogo wa Wikipedia e bong Jimmy Wales mme a mmotsa gore a o na le tsela epe ya go itse gore ke mang yo o tsentseng kgang ye e senang boammaaruri yeo. Wales o ne a re ga itse, le fa mong wa molato a ne a feleletsa a latedisiwa. <ref name="book The World is Flat 1">{{Cite book |last=Friedman |first=Thomas L. |year=2007 |title=The World is Flat |publisher=[[Farrar, Straus & Giroux]] |isbn=978-0-374-29278-2 |page=124}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Buchanan |first=Brian |date=November 17, 2006 |title=Founder shares cautionary tale of libel in cyberspace |url=https://archive.firstamendmentcenter.org/news.aspx?id=17798 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221140311/https://archive.firstamendmentcenter.org/news.aspx?id=17798 |archive-date=December 21, 2012 |access-date=November 17, 2012 |publisher=[[First Amendment Center]]}}</ref> Morago ga tiragalo e, Seigenthaler o ne a tlhalosa Wikipedia e le "sedirisiwa sa patlisiso se se nang le diphoso gape se sena maikarabelo". Tiragalo e e ne ya dira gore go dirwe diphetogo tsa melawana kwa Wikipedia tsa go gagamatsa go netefadiwa ga dikwalo tse di buang ka matshelo a batho ba ba tshelang. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Helm|first=Burt|title=Wikipedia: "A Work in Progress"|url=https://www.businessweek.com/stories/2005-12-13/wikipedia-a-work-in-progress|date=December 13, 2005|access-date=July 26, 2012}}</ref> === Dikganetsano le dintwa tsa go tlaleletsa dikwalo === Bakwadi ba Wikipedia gantsi ba na le go sa dumalane mabapi le diteng, tse di ka tlotliwang mo ditsebeng tsa Puisano tsa dikwalo. Dikganetsano di ka felela ka diphetogo tse di gaisanang gangwe le gape mo dikwalong, tse di bidiwang "ntwa ya go tlaleletsa". <ref name="NBC WP editorial warzone 12">{{Cite news|last=Coldewey|first=Devin|date=June 21, 2012|title=Wikipedia is editorial warzone, says study|department=Technology|work=[[NBC News]]|url=https://sys03-public.nbcnews.com/technology/wikipedia-editorial-warzone-says-study-838793|access-date=March 26, 2021|archivedate=August 26, 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826113318/http://sys03-public.nbcnews.com/technology/wikipedia-editorial-warzone-says-study-838793}}</ref> E bonwa ke botlhe jaaka seemo se se senyang didirisiwa mme go sena kitso epe e e mosola e e tsengwang, <ref>{{Cite book |last=Kalyanasundaram |first=Arun |date=December 2015 |title=2015 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC) |last2=Wei |first2=Wei |last3=Carley |first3=Kathleen M. |last4=Herbsleb |first4=James D. |publisher=IEEE |isbn=978-1-4673-9743-8 |location=Huntington Beach, CA |pages=276–287 |chapter=An agent-based model of edit wars in Wikipedia: How and when is consensus reached |citeseerx=10.1.1.715.2758 |doi=10.1109/WSC.2015.7408171}}</ref> gape e a kgalwa ka e tsewa e dira ngwao ya gore bakwadi ba nne le kgaisano e nang le kgotlhang <ref>{{Cite book |last=Suh |first=Bongwon |date=2009 |title=Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Wikis and Open Collaboration |last2=Convertino |first2=Gregorio |last3=Chi |first3=Ed H. |last4=Pirolli |first4=Peter |publisher=ACM Press |isbn=978-1-60558-730-1 |location=Orlando, FL |pages=1–10 |chapter=The singularity is not near |doi=10.1145/1641309.1641322 |doi-access=free}}</ref> se se amangwang le dikarolo tsa bong tsa banna tsa setso . <ref>{{Cite news|last=Torres|first=Nicole|date=June 2, 2016|title=Why Do So Few Women Edit Wikipedia?|url=https://hbr.org/2016/06/why-do-so-few-women-edit-wikipedia|access-date=August 20, 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bear |first=Julia B. |last2=Collier |first2=Benjamin |date=March 2016 |title=Where are the Women in Wikipedia? Understanding the Different Psychological Experiences of Men and Women in Wikipedia |journal=Sex Roles |volume=74 |issue=5–6 |pages=254–265 |doi=10.1007/s11199-015-0573-y |s2cid=146452625}}</ref> Dipatlisiso di itebagantse thata le, sekai, go tlhoka botho ka dikganetsano, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Khazraie |first=Marzieh |last2=Talebzadeh |first2=Hossein |date=February 7, 2020 |title="Wikipedia does NOT tolerate your babbling!": Impoliteness-induced conflict (resolution) in a polylogal collaborative online community of practice |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378216620300771 |url-status=live |journal=Journal of Pragmatics |volume=163 |pages=46–65 |doi=10.1016/j.pragma.2020.03.009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240914115833/https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378216620300771 |archive-date=September 14, 2024 |access-date=September 15, 2024}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Smirnov |first=Ivan |last2=Oprea |first2=Camelia |last3=Strohmaier |first3=Markus |date=December 1, 2023 |editor-last=Ognyanova |editor-first=Katherine |title=Toxic comments are associated with reduced activity of volunteer editors on Wikipedia |url=https://academic.oup.com/pnasnexus/article/doi/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad385/7457939 |url-status=live |journal=PNAS Nexus |volume=2 |issue=12 |doi=10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad385 |issn=2752-6542 |pmc=10697426 |pmid=38059265 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007101400/https://academic.oup.com/pnasnexus/article/doi/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad385/7457939 |archive-date=October 7, 2024 |access-date=September 15, 2024 |doi-access=free |article-number=pgad385}}</ref> tlhotlheletso ya dikampa tsa bakwadi tse di gaisanang, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lerner |first=Jürgen |last2=Lomi |first2=Alessandro |date=December 21, 2020 |title=The free encyclopedia that anyone can dispute: An analysis of the micro-structural dynamics of positive and negative relations in the production of contentious Wikipedia articles |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378873318300467 |url-status=live |journal=Social Networks |volume=60 |pages=11–25 |doi=10.1016/j.socnet.2018.12.003 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241126001010/https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378873318300467 |archive-date=November 26, 2024 |access-date=September 15, 2024}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Morris-O'Connor |first=Danielle A. |last2=Strotmann |first2=Andreas |last3=Zhao |first3=Dangzhi |date=April 4, 2023 |title=The colonization of Wikipedia: evidence from characteristic editing behaviors of warring camps |url=https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JD-04-2022-0090/full/html |url-status=live |journal=Journal of Documentation |volume=79 |issue=3 |pages=784–810 |doi=10.1108/JD-04-2022-0090 |issn=0022-0418 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231020151300/https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JD-04-2022-0090/full/html |archive-date=October 20, 2023 |access-date=November 14, 2023}}</ref> popego ya dipuisano, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ziembowicz |first=Karolina |last2=Roszczyńska-Kurasińska |first2=Magdalena |last3=Rychwalska |first3=Agnieszka |last4=Nowak |first4=Andrzej |date=October 3, 2022 |title=Predicting conflict-prone disputes using the structure of turn-taking: the case of Wikipedia |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1369118X.2021.1924224 |url-status=live |journal=Information, Communication & Society |volume=25 |issue=13 |pages=1987–2005 |doi=10.1080/1369118X.2021.1924224 |issn=1369-118X |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007091334/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1369118X.2021.1924224 |archive-date=October 7, 2024 |access-date=September 15, 2024}}</ref> le phetogo ya dikgotlhang go tlhoma mogopolo mo metsweding. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chhabra |first=Anamika |date=August 25, 2020 |title=Proceedings of the 16th International Symposium on Open Collaboration |last2=Kaur |first2=Rishemjit |last3=Iyengar |first3=S. R.S. |publisher=ACM |isbn=978-1-4503-8779-8 |pages=1–10 |chapter=Dynamics of Edit War Sequences in Wikipedia |doi=10.1145/3412569.3412585 |access-date=September 15, 2024 |chapter-url=https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3412569.3412585 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240915052238/https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3412569.3412585 |archive-date=September 15, 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="Ruprechter">{{Cite journal |last=Ruprechter |first=Thorsten |last2=Santos |first2=Tiago |last3=Helic |first3=Denis |date=September 9, 2020 |title=Relating Wikipedia article quality to edit behavior and link structure |journal=Applied Network Science |volume=5 |issue=1 |doi=10.1007/s41109-020-00305-y |issn=2364-8228 |doi-access=free |article-number=61}}</ref> Taha Yasseri wa Sekolo sa dithuto tse dikgolwane sa Oxford o ne a sekaseka dikgotlhang tsa go tlaleletsa/kwala dikwalo le go rarabololwa ga tsone mo patlisisong ya 2013. <ref name="Yasseri-2014">{{Cite book |last=Yasseri |first=Taha |author-link=Taha Yasseri |year=2014 |title=The Most Controversial Topics in Wikipedia: A Multilingual and Geographical Analysis |last2=Spoerri |first2=Anselm |last3=Graham |first3=Mark |last4=Kertész |first4=János |author-link4=János Kertész |publisher=Scarecrow Press |editor-last=Fichman, P. |doi=10.2139/SSRN.2269392 |ssrn=2269392 |editor-last2=Hara, N.}}</ref> Yasseri o ne a nganga gore go boela morago mo go bonolo fela kgotsa ditiro tsa "go dirolola" e ne e se selekanyo se se botlhokwa thata sa boitshwaro jo bo sa siamang jwa tiro kwa Wikipedia. O ne a ikaegile boemong jwa seo ka leano la "bakwadi ba le babedi ba bereka mmogo go boela ditlaleletso morago", le e leng gore mokwadi a le mongwe o tlaabo a busetsa morago go tlaleletsa ga mokwadi yo mongwe yo morago ga moo, ka tatelano, a boelang go busetsa tlaleletso ya mokwadi wa ntlha morago. Maduo a ne a tsenngwa mo lenaneong la diphetolelo di le mmalwa tsa dipuo tsa Wikipedia. Dikgotlhang tsa dipalo tse tharo tse di tona mo Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e ne e le tsa dikwalo tsa ga George W. Bush, botlhokapuso, le Muhammad . <ref name="Yasseri-2014" /> Fa go bapisiwa, mo Wikipedia ya Jeremane, dikgotlhang tsa dipalo tse tharo tse di tona ka nako ya patlisiso e ne e le tsa dikwalo tse di neng di bua ka Croatia, Scientology, le megopolo ka tiragalo ya 9/11 . <ref name="Yasseri-2014" /> Ka 2020, babatlisisi ba ne ba supa dikgato tse dingwe ka maitsholo a bakwadi, go feta go boela morago ditlaleletso ka bobedi, go supa dikgotlhang tsa go tlaleletsa dikwalo go ralala Wikipedia. <ref name="Ruprechter"/> Bakwadi gape ba ngangisana ka go phimolwa ga dikwalo mo Wikipedia, ka dingangisano tse di ntseng jalo di ka nna dikete di le makgolo a le matlhano fa e sa le Wikipedia e simololwa go tloga ka 2019. Fa lekwalo le sena go tlhophiwa go phimolwa, kganetsano gantsi e laolwa ke ditlhopo tsa ntlha (gore a le bolokwe kgotsa le phimolwe) le ka go umaka melawana ya tse di rileng tsa setlhogo. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mayfield |first=Elijah |last2=Black |first2=Alan W. |date=November 7, 2019 |title=Analyzing Wikipedia Deletion Debates with a Group Decision-Making Forecast Model |url=https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3359308 |url-status=live |journal=Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction |volume=3 |issue=CSCW |pages=1–26 |doi=10.1145/3359308 |issn=2573-0142 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240915025504/https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3359308 |archive-date=September 15, 2024 |access-date=September 15, 2024}}</ref> == Melao le diteng == Wikipedia e na le mafelo a maina a a farologaneng a le lesome le bongwe mme dikwalo tsa yone di teng mo ''lefelong la maremelelo'' . Mafelo a mangwe a maina a na le ketapele pele ga setlhogo sa tsebe ya one mme a diragatsa maikaelelo a a farologaneng. Sekai, lefelo la maina a lenaneo le o a dirisa ketapele ''ya Wikipedia'' mme gape le dirisediwa dipuisano tse di amanang le go ipusa. Bontsi jwa babadi ga ba itse ka mafelo a a mangwe a maina. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|page=3}} Melaometheo ya morafe wa badirisi ba Wikipedia e akareditswe mo "Dipilara tse Tlhano", fa melaometheo e e tseneletseng ya go tlaleletsa dikwalo e tlhagisiwa mo melaong le dikaedi tse dintsi tse di diretsweng go bopa diteng mo go tshwanetseng. Dipilara tse tlhano tseo ke: * Wikipedia ke ensaetlolopedia * Wikipedia e kwadilwe ka tsela e e sa tseyeng letlhakore * Diteng tsa Wikipedia ke tsa mahala tse mongwe le mongwe a ka di dirisang, a di tlaleletsa, le go di anamisa * Bakwadi ba Wikipedia ba tshwanetse go tshwarana ka tlotlo le maitseo * Wikipedia ga e na melao e e kgopo Melao e e tlhamilweng ke badirisi e bolokwa mo lefelong la maina la Wikipedia, mme bakwai ba Wikipedia ba kwala le go tlhabolola melao le dikaelo tsa webosaete go ya ka tumalano ya badirisi. <ref name="pcworld who's behind WP">{{Cite web |date=February 6, 2008 |title=Who's behind Wikipedia? |url=https://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/id;1866322157;fp;2;fpid;2 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080209110303/https://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/index.php/id%3B1866322157%3Bfp%3B2%3Bfpid%3B2 |archive-date=February 9, 2008 |access-date=February 7, 2008 |website=PC World |page=2}}</ref> Kwa tshimologong, melao ya dikgatiso tse e seng tsa Sekgoa tsa Wikipedia e ne e beilwe mo thanolong ya melao ya Wikipedia ya Sekgoa. Fa e sa le ka nako eo e ile ya fapoga golo gongwe. === Melao ya diteng le dikaelo === Go ya ka melao ya morafe wa badirisi ba Wikipedia ya Sekgoa, lekwalo lengwe le lengwe mo Wikipedia le tshwanetse go nna le setlhogo se se maleba go nna mo [[wiktionary:encyclopedic|ensaetlolopedia]] mme e se lekwalo le le kwadilweng kana le utlwalega jaaka buka ya tlhaloso ya mafoko. Setlhogo gape se tshwanetse go fitlhelela maemo a Wikipedia a "notability", se se rayang gore setlhogo se tshwanetse gore a bo se kile sa akarediwa thata mo metsweding e e ikanyegang e e ikemetseng ka nosi mo setlhogong sa lekwalo leo. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=53–54}}Wikipedia e ikaeletse go fetisa fela kitso e e setseng e tlhomilwe gape e lemogwa ka jalo ga e a tshwanela go tlhagisa dipatlisiso tsa ntlha tsa setlhogo sa palo. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|page=32}}Ditlhogo tsa dipalo tse dingwe, jaaka tsa mapolotiki le barutegi, di na le melwana e e kgethegileng. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=53–54}}La bofelo, Wikipedia e tshwanetse go supa karolo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore. Se se fitlhelelwa ka go soboka metswedi e e ikanyegang, go dirisa puo e e sa tseyeng letlhakore, le go tlhomamisa gore go tlhagisiwa dintlha tse dintsintsi go ikaegile ka gore di tlhagelela go le kana kang. Dikgang/kitso gape e tshwanetse gore a bo e ka netefadiwa. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=5–7}}Lekwalo le le senang dinopolo le ka nna la tshwaiwa kgotsa la phimolwa gotlhelele. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|page=33}}Se ka dinako tse dingwe se ka dira gore go phimolwe lekwalo(tshedimosetso) , le fa e le boammaaruri, e le gore ga e na metswedi sentle. <ref name="IHT WP valid info wrong removable 1">{{Cite news|last=Cohen|first=Noam|author-link=Noam Cohen|date=August 9, 2011|title=For inclusive mission, Wikipedia is told that written word goes only so far|page=18|newspaper=[[International Herald Tribune]]}}</ref> Jaaka fa melao ya Wikipedia e ntse e fetoga mo tsamaong ya nako, gape e nna dingalo, palo ya yone e ile ya gola. Ka 2008, go ne go na le ditsebe tsa melao di le masome a mane le bone le ditsebe tsa dikaelo di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a le mane le boferabobedi (248); ka 2013, barutegi ba ne ba bala ditsebe tsa melao di le makgolo a le mararo le masome a le boferabobedi le boraro (383) le ditsebe tsa dikaelo di le makgolo a le mane le masome a le mane le boferabongwe (449). <ref name="Ren-2024"/> == Tsamaiso/Puso == Puso ya ntlha ya Wikipedia e ne ya kopanya dikarolo tsa puso ya batho ka batho le tsa tatelano ya maemo fa nako e ntse e tsamaya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sanger |first=Larry |author-link=Larry Sanger |date=April 18, 2005 |title=The Early History of Nupedia and Wikipedia: A Memoir |url=https://features.slashdot.org/story/05/04/18/164213/the-early-history-of-nupedia-and-wikipedia-a-memoir |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090525051304/http://features.slashdot.org/features/05/04/18/164213.shtml |archive-date=May 25, 2009 |access-date=January 24, 2023 |website=[[Slashdot]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kostakis |first=Vasilis |date=March 2010 |title=Identifying and understanding the problems of Wikipedia's peer governance: The case of inclusionists versus deletionists |url=https://firstmonday.org/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/2613/2479 |url-status=live |journal=First Monday |volume=15 |issue=3 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210310125049/https://firstmonday.org/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/2613/2479 |archive-date=March 10, 2021 |access-date=March 26, 2021}}</ref> Lekwalo ga le tsewe e le la motlhami wa lone kgotsa mokwadi ope yo mongwe, le fa e le yo go buiwang ka ene (setlhogo) mo go lone. Bakwadi ba ba mo maemong a a siameng mo morafeng ww badirisi ba ka kopa ditshwanelo tse dingwe tsa bodirisi, se se ka ba nayang bokgoni jwa setegeniki jwa go dira ditiro dingwe tse di kgethegileng. Ditshwanelo dingwe tsa bodirisi di neelwa ka go itirisa (automatically), jaaka ditlhopha tse ''di netefaditsweng ka go itirisa'' le ''tse di netefaditsweng tse di atolositsweng'', fa dingwaga tsa akhaonte le diphetogo tsa dikwalo tse di batliwang di fitlhelelwa. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=12–13}} === Batsamaisi === Bakwadi ba ba nang le kitso ya bodirisi ba ka tlhopha go tsenelela ditlhopho tsa " botsamaisi ", jo bo akaretsang bokgoni jwa go phimola ditsebe kgotsa go di thibela gore di se ka tsa fetolwa mo dikgetseng tsa tshenyo e e masisi kgotsa dikgotlhang tsa dikwalo. Batsamaisi ga ba a tshwanela go nna le dithata dipe tse di kgethegileng tsa go dira ditshwetso; go na le seo, dithata tsa bone di lekanyeditswe thata mo go direng diphetogo tse di botlhokwa thata tsa mananeo mme ka jalo ga di letlelelwe bakwadi ba ba tlwaelesegileng, le go diragatsa dithibelo tse di ikaeletseng go thibela bakwadi ba ba kgoreletsang go dira diphetogo tse di senang mosola. <ref name=":6" group="W" /> Ka 2012, bakwadi ba le mmalwa ba ne ba nna batsamaisi fa ba bapisiwa le dingwaga tsa pele tsa Wikipedia, bontlhabongwe jwa lobaka la kgang e e le gore thulaganyo ya go tlhatlhoba batsamaisi ba ba ka nnang teng e ne e setse e gagametse thata. <ref name="Meyer-2012"/> Ka 2022, go ne ga nna le kopo e e neng ya baka dikganetsano thata ya botsamaisi ka ga maikutlo a ntlhopheng yo o neng a le kgatlhanong le Trump; kwa bofelong, ba ne ba newa botsamaisi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Harrison |first=Stephen |date=June 16, 2022 |title=Inside Wikipedia's Historic, Fiercely Contested "Election" |url=https://slate.com/technology/2022/06/wikipedia-administrator-election-tamzin.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220824123521/https://slate.com/technology/2022/06/wikipedia-administrator-election-tamzin.html |archive-date=August 24, 2022 |access-date=July 22, 2022 |website=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]}}</ref> === Tharabololo ya dikgotlhang === Mo tsamaong ya nako, Wikipedia e tlhamile thulaganyo ya go rarabolola dikgotlhang e e sa tlhomamang tota-tota. Go tlhomamisa tumalano gareng ga morafe wa badirisi, bakwadi ba ka tlhagisa dikgang kwa makgotlaneng a badirisi a a maleba, ba batla dikakgelo kwa ntle ka dikopo tsa maikutlo a boraro, kgotsa ba simolola dipuisano tsa morafe wa badirisi ka kakaretso, yo o bidiwang "kopo ya kakgelo", e mo go yone di-bot di tsenyang puisano eo mo lenaneong le le kopantsweng la dipuisano, mme bakwadi a bo ba lalediwa go tsaya karolo, mme morago ba sutlhe puisano eo mo lenaneong morago ga malatsi a le masome a boraro. Le fa go ntse jalo, bakwadi ba na le tshwanelo ya go tswala (le go sutlha) puisano eo pele kgotsa morago ga nako. Fa maduo a puisano a sa bonale sentle, mokwadi yo o gaufi yo o sa amegeng yo gantsi a leng mo maemong a a siameng a ka ntsha katlholo go ya ka maatla a mabaka a a ntshiwang le palo ya batho ba ba ngangisanang mo matlhakoreng otlhe. <ref name="Bandler-2024">{{Citation|last=Bandler|first=Aaron|date=June 21, 2024|title=Wikipedia Editors Label ADL Only Reliable for Antisemitism When 'Israel and Zionism Are Not Concerned'|url=https://jewishjournal.com/news/united-states/372532/wikipedia-editors-label-adl-only-reliable-for-antisemitism-when-israel-and-zionism-are-not-concerned/|access-date=May 3, 2025}}</ref> Badirisi ba Wikipedia ba gatelela gore thulaganyo e ga se go tlhopha ka go umaka dipego tsa maikutlo mo dipuisanong tseo jaaka "!vote", e mo go lone letshwao la kgakgamatso e leng letshwao la go ganetsa ka tsela e e utlwalang mme le bidiwa "nnyaa". <ref>{{Citation|last=Harrison|first=Stephen|title=Wikipedia's War on the Daily Mail|date=July 1, 2021|work=Slate|url=https://slate.com/technology/2021/07/wikipedia-daily-mail-generally-unreliable.html|access-date=May 13, 2025|issn=1091-2339}}</ref> Wikipedia e rotloetsa ditharabololo tsa dikgotlhang, tse Jemielniak a reng di kgethegile thata mo dithutong tsa mokgatlho, le fa go nnile le kgatlhego ya bosheng jaana mo go ageng tumalano mo lephateng le. <ref name="Jemielniak">{{Cite book |last=Jemielniak |first=Dariusz |year=2014 |title=Common Knowledge?: An Ethnography of Wikipedia |publisher=[[Stanford University Press]] |isbn=978-0-8047-9120-5 |location=Stanford, CA |doi=10.2307/j.ctvqsdrf9 |jstor=j.ctvqsdrf9}}</ref> Reagle le Sue Gardner ba nganga gore mekgwa ya go aga tumalano e tshwana le e e dirisiwang ke ba-Quakers . <ref name="Jemielniak" />{{Rp|page=62}}Pharologanyo le diphuthego tsa ba-Quaker ke go tlhoka motsamaisi fa go na le go sa dumalana, e leng seabe se se tshamekiwang ke mokwaledi mo diphuthegong tsa Ba-Quaker. <ref name="Jemielniak" />{{Rp|page=83}} ==== Komiti ya Katlholo ==== Komiti ya Katlholo e okametse thulaganyo ya bofelo ya tharabololo ya dikgotlhang. Le fa gantsi dikgotlhang di tsoga ka ntlha ya go sa dumalane ka megopolo e mebedi e e ganetsanang ka lekwalo le tshwanetseng go balega ka teng, Komiti ya Katlholo e gana tota ka go dira tshwetso ka tlhamalalo ka mogopolo yo o tshwanetseng go amogelwa. <ref name="Hoffman-2009">{{Cite journal |last=Hoffman |first=David A. |last2=Mehra |first2=Salil K. |date=March 5, 2009 |title=Wikitruth Through Wikiorder |url=https://scholarlycommons.law.emory.edu/elj/vol59/iss1/3/ |url-status=live |journal=Emory Law Journal |volume=59 |issue=1 |ssrn=1354424 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613214656/https://scholarlycommons.law.emory.edu/elj/vol59/iss1/3/ |archive-date=June 13, 2021 |access-date=November 15, 2024}}</ref> Ditshekatsheko tsa dipalopalo di supa gore komiti ya Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e itlhokomolosa diteng tsa dikgotlhang mme go na le moo e remelela thata mo goreng dikgotlhang di tsamaisiwe jang, e sa dire thata go rarabolola dikgotlhang le go dira kagiso fa gare ga bakwadi ba ba ganetsenang, mme e ntsha bakwadi ba ba dingalo e ntse e letla bakwadi ba tlhaga go boela go tsaya karolo gape. <ref name="Hoffman-2009"/> Ka jalo, komiti ga e laole diteng tsa dikwalo, le fa ka dinako tse dingwe e kgala diphetogo tsa diteng fa e tsaya gore diteng tse disha di tlola melao ya Wikipedia (sekai, fa diteng tse disha di tsewa di tsaya letlhakore).{{efn|The committee may directly rule that a content change is inappropriate, but may not directly rule that certain content is inappropriate.}} Ditharabololo tse di dirisiwang gantsi di akaretsa dikgalemo le go beewa leitlho thata( di dirisiwa mo dikgetseng di le masome a le marataro le boraro mo lekgolong (63%)) le go kobela ruri bakwadi mo dikwalong (masome a le mane le boraro mo lekgolong (43%)), dikgang tsa setlhogo (masome a le mabedi le boraro mo lekgolong (23%)), kgotsa mo Wikipedia (lesome le borataro mo lekgolong(16%)). <ref name="Hoffman-2009" /> Go kobelwa ruri mo go feletseng mo Wikipedia gantsi go beetswe fela dikgetse di tshwana le go ipaya o le motho yo mongwe le boitshwaro jwa go sa dirisana le batho ba bangwe sentle . Fa boitshwaro e se go ipaya o le motho yo mongwe kgotsa go nna kgatlhanong le go tshela sentle le batho ba bangwe, mme e le jwa dintwa tsa dikwalo le go roba melao e mengwe ya go tlaleletsa/kwala dikwalo, ditharabololo di na le go ema ka dikgalemo fela. <ref name="Hoffman-2009" /> == Morafe wa badirisi == [[File:Wikimania_-_the_Wikimentary.webm|start=00:04|thumbtime=00:16|thumb|Setshwantsho sa motshikinyego saWikimania 2005{{snd}}bokopano jwa ngwaga le ngwaga jwa badirisi ba Wikipedia le mananeo a mangwe a a tsamaisiwang ke [[Wikimedia Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]], o ne o tshwaretswe kwa Frankfurt am Main, kwa Jeremane, ka Phatwe a le malatsi a le mane go fitlhela a le boferabobedi.]] Lekwalo lengwe le lengwe le modirisi mongwe le mongwe wa Wikipedia o na le tsebe e a amanang le yone gape e e kgethegileng ya "puo". Dilo tse di bopa tsela ya konokono ya dipuisano gore bakwadi ba kgone go abelana megopolo, go rulaganya le go ngangisana. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Viégas |first=Fernanda B. |author-link=Fernanda B. Viégas |last2=Wattenberg |first2=Martin M. |author-link2=Martin M. Wattenberg |last3=Kriss |first3=Jesse |last4=van Ham |first4=Frank |date=January 3, 2007 |title=Talk Before You Type: Coordination in Wikipedia |url=https://www.research.ibm.com/visual/papers/wikipedia_coordination_final.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070205111038/https://www.research.ibm.com/visual/papers/wikipedia_coordination_final.pdf |archive-date=February 5, 2007 |access-date=June 27, 2008 |publisher=Visual Communication Lab, [[IBM Research]]}}</ref> Morafe wa Wikipedia o tlhalositswe fa o tswana le setlhopha sa bodumedi, <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2005/dec/15/wikipedia.web20|title=Log on and join in, but beware the web cults|first1=Charles|last1=Arthur|date=December 15, 2005|access-date=December 26, 2008}}</ref> le fa go sa tewe ka mekgwa e e sa lolamang fela ka dinako tsotlhe.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2003/TECH/internet/08/03/wikipedia/index.html|title=Wikipedia: The know-it-all Web site|first1=Kristie|last1=Lu Stout|publisher=CNN|date=August 4, 2003|access-date=December 26, 2008}}</ref> Go rata go nna seoposengwe ga one, le fa go tlhoka go mpampetsa mo go akaretsang go tlhokomologa dintlha tsa go itshupa, go biditswe " go nna kgatlhanong le go itseela kwa maemong a a kwa godimo " . <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=Sanger |first=Larry |author-link=Larry Sanger |date=December 31, 2004 |title=Why Wikipedia Must Jettison Its Anti-Elitism |url=https://www.kuro5hin.org/story/2004/12/30/142458/25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211101011352/http://www.kuro5hin.org/story/2004/12/30/142458/25 |archive-date=November 1, 2021 |access-date=March 26, 2021 |website=[[Kuro5hin]], Op–Ed |quote=There is a certain mindset associated with unmoderated Usenet groups [...] that infects the collectively-managed Wikipedia project: if you react strongly to trolling, that reflects poorly on you, not (necessarily) on the troll. If you [...] demand that something be done about constant disruption by trollish behavior, the other listmembers will cry "censorship", attack you, and even come to the defense of the troll. [...] The root problem: anti-elitism, or lack of respect for expertise. There is a deeper problem [...] which explains both of the above-elaborated problems. Namely, as a community, Wikipedia lacks the habit or tradition of respect for expertise. As a community, far from being elitist, it is anti-elitist (which, in this context, means that expertise is not accorded any special respect, and snubs and disrespect of expertise are tolerated). This is one of my failures: a policy that I attempted to institute in Wikipedia's first year, but for which I did not muster adequate support, was the policy of respecting and deferring politely to experts. (Those who were there will, I hope, remember that I tried very hard.)}}</ref> [[File:Editing_Hoxne_Hoard_at_the_British_Museum.ogv|right|thumb|Badiri ba Wikipedia le batlhokomedi ba [[Motlobo wa ditso wa Borithane]] ba dirisana mmogo mo lekwalong la Hoxne Hoard ka Seetebosigo 2010.]] Wikipedia ga e tlhoke gore bakwadi ba yone le ba na le seabe ba itshupe gore ke bomang. Fa Wikipedia e ntse e gola, potso ya "Ke mang yo o kwalang Wikipedia?" e ne ya nna nngwe ya dipotso tse di neng di botswa thata teng.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kittur |first=Aniket |year=2007 |title=CHI '07: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems |publisher=Viktoria Institute |chapter=Power of the Few vs. Wisdom of the Crowd: Wikipedia and the Rise of the Bourgeoisie |citeseerx=10.1.1.212.8218}}</ref> Jimmy Wales o kile a bolela gore ke fela "morafe&nbsp;... setlhopha se se ineetseng sa baithaopi ba le makgolo a le mmalwa" se se dirang bontsi jwa ditshwaelo mo Wikipedia le gore ka jalo lenaneo le "le tshwana fela le mokgatlho mongwe le mongwe yo o tlwaelesegileng". <ref name="blodget">{{Cite news|last=Blodget|first=Henry|date=January 3, 2009|title=Who The Hell Writes Wikipedia, Anyway?|work=[[Insider Inc.|Business Insider]]|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/2009/1/who-the-hell-writes-wikipedia-anyway|access-date=January 26, 2023}}</ref> Ka Wikipedia e ikaegile ka tiro ya boithaopo, bakwadi gantsi ba remelela mo dikgannyeng tse di ba kgatlhang. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=61–62}} Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e na le dikwalo di le didikadile di le bosupa le dikete di le makgolo a mabedi le boferabongwe le masome a le matlhano le bone ({{self-reference link|Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}}}), bakwadi ba ba kwadisitsweng ba le didikadike di le masome a matlhano le boraro le dikete di le makgolo a marataro le masome a le bosupa le botlhano le makgolo a le mararo le masome a le mane le bongwe ({{self-reference link|Special:ListUsers|{{NUMBEROFUSERS}}}}), le bakwadi ba ba ba tlhaga ba dinako tsotlhe ba le dikete di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a le mane le boferabongwe le makgolo a le mararo le masome a le boferabobedi le bosupa( {{self-reference link|Special:ActiveUsers|{{NUMBEROFACTIVEUSERS}}}} ). Mokwadi o tsewa a le tlhaga fa a dirile phetogo/tlaleletso e le nngwe kgotsa go feta mo malatsing a le masome a mararo a a fetileng. Bakwadi ba ba palelwang ke go sela morago mekgwa ya Wikipedia, e e tshwanang le go saena ditshwaelo tsa tsebe ya puisano, ba ka supa ka tlhamalalo gore ke batho ba ba tswang kwa ntle ga Wikipedia, mme se sa oketsa kgonagalo ya gore badirisi ba ba mo teng ga Wikipedia ba ka nna ba lebisa kgotsa ba fokotsa ditshwaelo tsa bone. Go nna modirisi yo o mo teng ga Wikipedia go akaretsa ditshenyegelo tse di sa reng sepe: motsaakarolo o solofetswe go ithuta dikhoutu tsa maranyane tse di rileng tsa Wikipedia, go ineela mo thulaganyong e ka dinako dingwe e leng dingalo ya go rarabolola dikgotlhang, le go ithuta "ngwao e e makatsang e e humileng metlae le dikakgelo tsa mo teng". <ref name="labor squeeze on WP 1" /> Bakwadi ba ba sa tseneng mo teng ga ensaetlolopedia ke " badirisi ba maemo a bobedi " mo Wikipedia ka tsela nngwe, <ref name="labor squeeze on WP 1">{{Cite journal |year=2010 |title=Wikipedia's Labor Squeeze and its Consequences |url=https://digitalcommons.law.scu.edu/facpubs/5/ |url-status=live |journal=Journal on Telecommunications and High Technology Law |volume=8 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230126220032/https://digitalcommons.law.scu.edu/facpubs/5/ |archive-date=January 26, 2023 |access-date=January 26, 2023 |via=Santa Clara Law Digital Commons}}</ref> ka gonne "batsayakarolo ba amogetswe semmuso ke maloko a morafe wa wiki, ba ba nang le kgatlhego e e tseneletseng mo go somareleng boleng jwa tiro e e ntshiwang, go lebilwe go nna le seabe ga bone mo go tswelelang", <ref name="legal edu and WP 1">{{Cite journal |date=March 2007 |title=Wikipedia and the Future of Legal Education |journal=Journal of Legal Education |publisher=[[Association of American Law Schools]] |volume=57 |issue=1 |pages=3–9 |jstor=42894005}}</ref> mme ditso tsa go nna le seabe tsa bakwadi ba ba sa itsiweng ba sa ikwadisa mme ba lemogwa ka . diaterese tsa bone fela ga di amane le mokwadi ope ka tlhomamo. <ref name="legal edu and WP 1" /> Bakwadi ba basha gantsi ba sokola go tlhaloganya marara a Wikipedia. Bakwadi ba ba nang le maitemogelo/kitso ba rotloediwa gore ba seka ba "tlhasela" badirisi ba ba sha gore ba kgone go dira mowa wa go amogela batho. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=10–11}} === Dipatlisiso === Patlisiso ya 2007 e e dirilweng ke babatlisisi go tswa kwa Dartmouth College e bone gore "badirisi ba ba sa itsiweng le ba ba sa tseyeng karolo thata mo Wikipedia&nbsp;... ke motswedi o o ikanyegang wa kitso fela jaaka badirisi ba ba ikwadisang mo saeteng e". <ref name="sciam good samaritans 1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?id=good-samaritans-are-on-the-money|title=Wikipedia "Good Samaritans" Are on the Money|work=Scientific American|date=October 19, 2007|access-date=December 26, 2008}}</ref> Jimmy Wales o boletse ka 2009 gore "[Go] bonala gore go feta sephatlo mo lekgolong (50%) ya diphetogo tsotlhe di dirwa ke 0.7% fela ya badirisi&nbsp;... Batho ba le makgolo a matlhano le masome a mabedi le bone&nbsp;... Mme tota, bobedi mo lekgolong (2%) e etlhaga thata, e leng batho ba le sekete le makgolo a mane , ba dirile 73.4% ya diphetogo tsotlhe." <ref name="blodget"/> Le fa go ntse jalo, morulaganyi wa ''Business Insider'' gape e le mmegadikgang Henry Blodget o bontshitse ka 2009 gore mo bontlhengbongwe jwa dikwalo tse di tlhophilweng fela go sena lenaneo, bontsi jwa diteng tsa Wikipedia (tse di lekanngwang ka selekanyo sa mokwalo o o tsentsweng o o sa ntseng o le teng go fitlha ka sampole ya bosheng) di tlhamilwe ke "batho ba ba tswang kwa ntle", fa bontsi jwa go kwala le go fomata go dirwa ke "badirisi ba ba mo teng". <ref name="blodget" /> Ka 2008, setlhogo sa bukana ya ditshwantsho le dikgang y''a Slate'' e ne ya bega gore "bongwe fela mo lekgolong la badirisi ba Wikipedia ke bone ba ba dirang mo e ka nnang sephatlo sa diphetogo tsa saete e." <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.slate.com/id/2184487|title=The Wisdom of the Chaperones|date=February 22, 2008|first=Chris|last=Wilson|work=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]|access-date=August 13, 2014}}</ref> Mokgwa o wa go sekaseka go tsaa karolo o ne wa ganetswa morago ke Aaron Swartz, yo o neng a lemotsha gore dikwalo di le mmalwa tse a neng a di tsaya disampole di ne di na le dikarolo tse ditona tsa diteng tsa tsone (tse di lekanngwang ka palo ya ditlhaka) tse di neng di dirilwe ke badirisi ba ba nang le dipalo tse di kwa tlase tsa bokwadi/go tlaleletsa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Swartz |first=Aaron |date=September 4, 2006 |title=Raw Thought: Who Writes Wikipedia? |url=https://www.aaronsw.com/weblog/whowriteswikipedia |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140803134036/https://www.aaronsw.com/weblog/whowriteswikipedia |archive-date=August 3, 2014 |access-date=February 23, 2008}}</ref> Thutopatlisiso ya 2008 e fitlhetse gore batho ba Wikipedia ba ne ba sa dumalane thata, ba sa bulegela megopolo, e bile ba se kelo-tlhoko go feta ba bangwe, <ref name="liebertonline view on WP users 1">{{Cite journal |last=Amichai-Hamburger |first=Yair |last2=Lamdan |first2=Naama |last3=Madiel |first3=Rinat |last4=Hayat |first4=Tsahi |year=2008 |title=Personality Characteristics of Wikipedia Members |journal=CyberPsychology & Behavior |publisher=Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. |volume=11 |issue=6 |pages=679–681 |doi=10.1089/cpb.2007.0225 |pmid=18954273}}</ref> le fa kakgelo morago e ne ya supa diphoso tse di masisi, di akaretsa gore phatliso e ne e supa go bulegela megopolo mo go kwa godimo le gore dipharologano tsa setlhopha sa taolo le disampole di ne di le dinnye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McGreal |first=Scott A. |date=March 11, 2013 |title=The Misunderstood Personality Profile of Wikipedia Members |url=https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/unique-everybody-else/201303/the-misunderstood-personality-profile-wikipedia-members |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230716155007/https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/blog/unique-everybody-else/201303/the-misunderstood-personality-profile-wikipedia-members |archive-date=July 16, 2023 |access-date=June 5, 2016 |website=[[Psychology Today]]}}</ref> Go ya ka patlisiso ya 2009, go na le "bosupi jwa kganetso e e golang go tswa mo morafeng wa badirisi ba Wikipedia mabapi le diteng tse disha". <ref name="newscientist WP boom to bust 1">{{Cite web |last=Giles |first=Jim |date=August 4, 2009 |title=After the boom, is Wikipedia heading for bust? |url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17554-after-the-boom-is-wikipedia-heading-for-bust.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150421215605/http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17554-after-the-boom-is-wikipedia-heading-for-bust.html |archive-date=April 21, 2015 |access-date=September 18, 2017 |website=New Scientist}}</ref> === Kabakanyo ya badirisi === Dipatlisiso di le mmalwa di supile gore bontsi jwa batsaakarolo ba ba ithaopileng mo Wikipedia ke banna. Maduo a patlisiso ya [[Wikimedia Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] ka 2008 a supile gore bakwadi ba Wikipedia ba le lesome le boraro mo lekgolong(13%) fela e ne e le basadi. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Cohen|first=Noam|author-link=Noam Cohen|title=Define Gender Gap? Look Up Wikipedia's Contributor List|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/31/business/media/31link.html?_r=0|work=The New York Times|date=January 31, 2011|access-date=October 28, 2013}}</ref> Ka ntlha ya se, dikolo tsa dithuto tse di kgolwane go ralala United States di ne tsa leka go kgothatsa basadi go nna batsaakarolo ba Wikipedia. <ref name="CBC News-2013" /> Ka tsela e e tshwanang, bontsi jwa dikolo tse di kgolwane tse, di akaretsa Yale le Brown, di ne di akgola baithuti ba ba tlhamang kgotsa ba ba tlaleletsa lekwalo le le amanang le basadi mo go tsa maranyane kgotsa mafaratlhatlha.<ref name="CBC News-2013">{{Cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/ocad-to-storm-wikipedia-this-fall-1.1412807|title=OCAD to 'Storm Wikipedia' this fall|work=CBC News|date=August 27, 2013|access-date=August 21, 2014}}</ref> Andrew Lih, morutintshi-mogolo gape e le mankge wa maranyane, o ne a re lebaka la go bo a ne a akanya gore palo ya banna ba ba nang le seabe e feta palo ya basadi thata ke ka gore go itshupa o le mosadi go ka nna ga dira gore motho a ipeye mo kotsing ya "boitshwaro jo bo maswe, jo bo tshosang". <ref name="Bloomberg 2016">{{Cite news|date=December 22, 2016|title=Is Wikipedia Woke?|work=Bloomberg Businessweek|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2016-12-22/how-woke-is-wikipedia-s-editorial-pool?|access-date=September 21, 2022}}</ref> Dipego di supile gore MaAforika a emetswe ke dipalo tse di kwa tlase tsa bakwadi mo Wikipedia. <ref name="memeb">{{Cite web |last=Walker |first=Andy |date=June 21, 2018 |title=The startling numbers behind Africa's Wikipedia knowledge gaps |url=https://memeburn.com/2018/06/wikipedia-wikimania-africa-numbers/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230319170357/http://memeburn.com/2018/06/wikipedia-wikimania-africa-numbers/ |archive-date=March 19, 2023 |access-date=January 26, 2023 |website=memeburn}}</ref> == Dikgatiso tsa dipuo == Mo bogompienong, go na le dikgatiso tsa dipuo di le makgolo a mararo le masome a mane le bosupa ({{NUMBEROF|active|Wikipedia}}) tsa Wikipedia (tse gape di bidiwang ''diphetolelo tsa puo'', kgotsa fela ''Wikipedias'' ). Go tloga ka {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}, di-Wikipedia tse thataro tse dikgolo, ka tatelano ya palo ya dikwalo, ke tsa Sekgoa ({{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|1}}), {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|2}}, Sejeremane {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|3}}, Sefora {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|4}}, {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|5}}, le {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|6}} . <ref name="WP list of WPs by article 1" group="W">{{Cite web |title=Wikipedia:List of Wikipedias |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias#All_Wikipedias_ordered_by_number_of_articles |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224190350/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias#All_Wikipedias_ordered_by_number_of_articles |archive-date=December 24, 2018 |access-date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTDAY}}, {{CURRENTYEAR}} |website=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki}}</ref> DiWikipedia tsa bobedi le ya botlhano ka botona di beilwe mo maemong ao ke bot e e tlhamang dikwalo ya Lsjbot, e ka go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2013 e neng e tlhamile dikwalo di tsamaela sephatlo mo Wikipedia ya Se-Swedish, le bontsi jwa dikwalo mo Wikipedia ya Se-Cebuano le ya Se-Waray . Dipuo tse ka bobedi ke tsa Philippines . Mo godimo ga tse thataro tse di kwa godimo, di-Wikipedia tse dingwe di le lesome le bobedi di na le dikwalo tse di fetang sedikadike nngwe le nngwe ya tsone ( Se{{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|7}}, Se{{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|8}}, Se{{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|9}}, Se{{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|10}}, {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|11}}, {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|12}}, {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|13}}, {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|14}}, {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|15}}, {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|20}} {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|16}}, {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|21}} {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|17}}, le {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|18}} ), tse dingwe di le bosupa go feta di na le dikwalo tse di fetang dikete di le makgolo a matlhano {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|22}}, {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|23}}, {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|24}}, le {{Wikipedia rank by size/WP|25}} ), tse dingwe tse di masome a mane le bone ba di na le tse di fetang dikete di le lekgolo , mme di le masome a boferabobedi le bobedi di na le tse di fetang dikete di le lesome. <ref name="WP list of WPs by article 1" group="W"/> E e tona go gaisa, Wikipedia ya Sekgoa, e na le dikwalo di feta didikadike di le bosupa le dikete di le makgolo a mabedi (7.2 million). Go tloga go ema ka Firikgong 2021, Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e amogela masome a le mane le boferabobedi mo lekgolong (48%) ya pharakano e e kokoantsweng ya Wikipedia, mme palo e e setseng e kgaogantswe mo gareng ga dipuo tse dingwe. Dikgatiso tse di kwa godimo di le lesome di emela mo e ka nnang masome a le boferabobedi le botlhano mo lekgolong (85%) ya pharakano yotlhe. Ka Wikipedia e beilwe mo Webo ka jalo e le ya lefatshe ka bophara, batsaakarolo mo kgatisong e le nngwe ya puo ba ka nna ba dirisa diteme (tsa puo e le nngwe) tse di farologaneng kgotsa ba ka tswa ba tswa kwa mafatsheng a a farologaneng (jaaka go ntse ka kgatiso ya Sekgoa).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2026)">citation needed</span>'' &#x5D;</sup> Dipharologano tse di ka baka dikgotlhang dingwe ka ga dipharologano tsa go peleta (sekao, colour kgatlhanong ''le color'' ) <ref name="WP spelling MOS 1" group="W">{{Cite web |title=Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Spelling |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Spelling |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210104005104/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Spelling |archive-date=January 4, 2021 |access-date=November 6, 2023 |website=Wikipedia}}</ref> kgotsa matlhakore. <ref name="WP countering bias 1" group="W">{{Cite web |title=Wikipedia:WikiProject Countering systemic bias |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Countering_systemic_bias |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210104005153/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Countering_systemic_bias |archive-date=January 4, 2021 |access-date=December 11, 2023 |website=Wikipedia}}</ref> Le fa dikgatiso tse di farologaneng tsa dipuo di tshegetswa ka melao ya lefatshe lotlhe jaaka " pono e e sa tseyeng letlhakore ", di farologana mo dintlheng dingwe tsa melao le tiriso, segolobogolo mo go reng a ditshwantsho tse di sa newang teseletso ka kgololesego di ka dirisiwa ka maikaelelo a tiriso e e siameng . <ref name="WP meta fair use 1" group="W">{{Cite web |title=Non-free content |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Non-free_content |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230116024114/http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Non-free_content |archive-date=January 16, 2023 |access-date=January 27, 2023 |website=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki}}</ref> <ref name="IBM visual WP 1">{{Cite journal |last=Viégas |first=Fernanda B. |date=January 3, 2007 |title=The Visual Side of Wikipedia |url=https://www.research.ibm.com/visual/papers/viegas_hicss_visual_wikipedia.pdf |journal=Visual Communication Lab, IBM Research |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061024012919/https://www.research.ibm.com/visual/papers/viegas_hicss_visual_wikipedia.pdf |archive-date=October 24, 2006 |access-date=October 30, 2007}}</ref> Diteng tsa dikwalo tse di buang ka setlhogo se le sengwe di ka farologana thata magareng ga dipuo, go ikaegile ka gore bakwadi ba dirisa metswedi efe le mabaka a mangwe. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fians |first=Guilherme |date=September 16, 2025 |title=Wikipedia: Editing the narrative |url=https://www.ciol.org.uk/wikipedia-editing-narrative |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250924020710/https://www.ciol.org.uk/wikipedia-editing-narrative |archive-date=September 24, 2025 |access-date=September 27, 2025 |publisher=[[Chartered Institute of Linguists]]}}</ref> Jimmy Wales o tlhalositse Wikipedia jaaka "maiteko a go tlhama le go anamisa ensaetlolopedia ya mahala ya boleng jo bo kwa godimo jo kgonegang mo mothong mongwe le mongwe mo lefatsheng ka puo ya gagwe". Le fa kgatiso nngwe le nngwe ya puo e dira e ikemetse ilka nosi, go dirwa maiteko mangwe a go di okamela tsotlhe. Di golagantswe ka bontlhabongwe ke Meta-Wiki, le wiki ya Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia e e neetsweng go tlhokomela mananeo otlhe a yone (Wikipedia le a mangwe). <ref name="WP metawiki maintenance 1" group="W">{{Cite web |title=Meta-Wiki |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130714061722/https://meta.wikimedia.org/ |archive-date=July 14, 2013 |access-date=March 24, 2009 |publisher=Wikimedia Foundation}}</ref> Sekai, Meta-Wiki e fa dipalopalo tse di botlhokwa mo dikgatisong tsotlhe tsa puo tsa Wikipedia, <ref name="WP meta stats 1" group="W">{{Cite web |title=Meta-Wiki Statistics |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Statistics |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080326192946/http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Statistics |archive-date=March 26, 2008 |access-date=March 24, 2008 |publisher=Wikimedia Foundation}}</ref> gape e tlhokomela lenaneo la dikwalo tse Wikipedia nngwe le nngwe e tshwanetseng go nna le tsone. <ref name="WP meta articles on all sites 1" group="W">{{Cite web |title=List of articles every Wikipedia should have |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_articles_every_Wikipedia_should_have |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080321020418/http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_articles_every_Wikipedia_should_have |archive-date=March 21, 2008 |access-date=March 24, 2008 |publisher=Wikimedia Foundation}}</ref> Lenaneo le le amana le diteng tsa kwa tshimologong tsa dithuto: bayokerafi, ditso, dithuto tsa dipopego tsa lefatshe, tsa setšhaba, setso, maranyane, mafaratlhatlha, le dipalo. <ref name="WP meta articles on all sites 1" group="W" /> Ga go thona gore dikwalo tse di amanang thata le puo e e rileng di se ka tsa nna le tse di tshwanang le tsone mo kgatisong e nngwe. Sekai, dikwalo tse di buang ka ditoropo tse dinnye kwa United States di ka nna tsa nna teng fela ka Sekgoa, le fa di fitlhelela ditlhokego tse di kgethegileng tsa mananeo a Wikipedia tsa dipuo tse dingwe. [[File:User_-_demography.svg|thumb|Palo kakanyetso ya botsaakarolo go tswa mo dikgaolong tse di farologaneng mo lefatsheng lotlhe ka bophara go ya kwa dikgatisong tse di farologaneng tsa Wikipedia <ref name="PLoS One 2012" />]] Dikwalo tse di ranotsweng di emela fela karolo e nnye ya dikwalo mo dikgatisong di le dintsi, ka gore dikgatiso tseo ga di letlelele gore dikwalo di ranolwe ka botlalo mo go itirisang (automated). Dikwalo tse di leng teng ka dipuo tse di fetang bongwe di ka fa "dikgokagano tsa interwiki", tse di golaganyang le dikwalo tse di tshwanang le tsone mo dikgatisong tse dingwe. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Massa |first=Paolo |last2=Scrinzi |first2=Federico |date=January 4, 2013 |title=Manypedia: Comparing language points of view of Wikipedia communities |journal=[[First Monday (journal)|First Monday]] |volume=18 |issue=1 |doi=10.5210/fm.v18i1.3939 |doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Manual:Interwiki |url=https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Interwiki |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101203112631/https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Interwiki |archive-date=December 3, 2010 |access-date=January 27, 2023 |website=MediaWiki |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Thuto-patlisiso e e gatisitsweng ke ''PLOS One'' ka 2012 le yone e ne ya nna le palo kakanyetso ya dikarolo tsa go nna le seabe mo dikgatisong tse di farologaneng tsa Wikipedia go tswa kwa dikgaolong tse di farologaneng tsa lefatshe. E ne ya bega gore selekanyo sa diphetogo tse di dirilweng go tswa kwa Amerika Bokone e ne e le masome a le matlhano le bongwe mo lekgolong (51%) mo Wikipedia ya Sekgoa, le masome a le mabedi le botlhano mo lekgolong (25%) mo Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e e motlhofo . <ref name="PLoS One 2012">{{Cite journal |last=Yasseri |first=Taha |last2=Sumi |first2=Robert |last3=Kertész |first3=János |author-link3=János Kertész |date=January 17, 2012 |title=Circadian Patterns of Wikipedia Editorial Activity: A Demographic Analysis |journal=[[PLOS One]] |volume=7 |issue=1 |arxiv=1109.1746 |bibcode=2012PLoSO...730091Y |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0030091 |pmc=3260192 |pmid=22272279 |doi-access=free |article-number=e30091}}</ref> === Dipalo tsa bakwadi ba Wikipedia ya Sekgoa === Ka Mopitlo a rogwa, 2014, ''The Economist'', mo lekwalong la setlhogo sa "Isago ya Wikipedia", e ne ya umaka tshekatsheko e e amanang le tshedimosetso e e gatisitsweng ke Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia e e bolelang gore "palo ya bakwadi ba mofuta wa puo ya Sekgoa e wetse tlase ka nngwetharong mo dingwageng di le bosupa." <ref name="economist1">{{Cite news|date=March 1, 2014|title=The future of Wikipedia: WikiPeaks?|newspaper=The Economist|url=https://www.economist.com/news/international/21597959-popular-online-encyclopedia-must-work-out-what-next-wikipeaks|access-date=March 11, 2014}}</ref> Seelo sa go tlhokafala ga bakwadi ba ba tlhaga mo Wikipedia ya Sekgoa se ne sa umakiwa ke ''The Economist'' jaaka se se farologaneng thata le dipalopalo tsa Wikipedia e e mo dipuong tse dingwe (Wikipedia e e seng ya Sekgoa). ''The Economist'' e ne ya bega gore palo ya ba na le seabe ba ba nang le palogare ya diphetogo di le tlhano kgotsa go feta ka kgwedi e ne e eme golo go le gongwe fa e sale ka 2008 mo Wikipedia ya dipuo tse dingwe, e le bakwadi ba ka nna dikete di masome a mane le bobedi (42 000) mo gare ga dipharologano tse e seng tsa sepe tsa dipaka tsa bakwadi ba ka nna dikete di le pedi go ya kwa godimo kgotsa kwa tlase. Palo ya bakwadi ba ba tlhaga mo Wikipedia ya Sekgoa, fa e bapisiwa mo go tsepameng, e ne ya umakiwa e le kwa setlhoeng ka 2007 e tsamaela dikete di le masome a matlhano (50,000) mme ya wela kwa tlase go nna dikete di le masome a mararo (30,000) kwa tshimologong ya 2014. <ref name="economist1" /> Go farologana le seo, tshekatsheko ya Wikipedia ka dipuo tse dingwe (Wikipedia e e seng ya Sekgoa) e supa katlego mo go tshwareng bakwadi ba ba tlhaga ka tsela e e kgonang go ntšhwafadiwa le e e tswelelang, ka dipalo tsa bone di nna di sa fetoge di nna fela fa diketeng di le masome mane le bobedi. Ga gona kakgelo epe e e dirilweng mabapi le maemo a a farologaneng a melao ya bokwadi mo Wikipedia ka dipuo tse dingwe (Wikipedia e e seng ya Sekgoa) e ka ntshang tsela e nngwe e e kgonegang mo Wikipedia ya Sekgoa go tokafatsa sentle dielo tsa go tlhokafala ga bakwadi mo Wikipedia ya puo ya Sekgoa. <ref name="economist1"/> == Kamogelo == <sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia&action=edit &#x5B; tlhabolola &#x5D;]</sup> [[Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2014]] [[Category:All articles containing potentially dated statements]] <ref name="Jemielniak"/> Ba ba neng ba e sekaseka ba boletse gore Wikipedia e bontsha go tsaya letlhakore ka tsela e e sa siamang .Ka 2010, mokwadi wa ditlhogo le mmegadikgang Edwin Black o ne a tlhalosa Wikipedia e le motswako wa "boammaaruri, bonnete jo bo sa felelang, le maaka mangwe". <ref name="EdwinBlack">{{Cite news|first=Edwin|last=Black|author-link=Edwin Black|date=April 19, 2010|work=[[History News Network]]|publisher=[[Columbian College of Arts and Sciences]]|title=Wikipedia – The Dumbing Down of World Knowledge|url=https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/125437|access-date=October 21, 2014}}</ref> Metswedi e le mmalwa ya dikgang le baitseanape ba beile Wikipedia molato wa go tsaya letlhakore mo megopolong . Motlhami-mmogo wa Wikipedia Larry Sanger, yo o tlogetseng Wikipedia ka 2002 go tlhoma diwebosaete tse di gaisanang, o boletse gore Wikipedia e fetogile "maaka" e phatlalatsa dikgang tsa molema mo sepolotiking mme a tlhagisa gore lefelo le (Wikipedia) ga le sa tlhole le ikanyega.Ka 2022, molwela-kgololesego John Stossel o ne a ntsha mogopolo wa gore Wikipedia, lenaneo le a neng a le tshegetsa ka madi nako nngwe, go ne go lebega le fetogile thata mo tsamaong ya nako mo go tseyeng letlhakore la molema, segolobogolo mo dikgannyeng tsa sepolotiki. <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 27, 2022 |title=Wikipedia Bias |url=https://www.johnstossel.com/wikipedia-bias/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221209214140/https://www.johnstossel.com/wikipedia-bias/ |archive-date=December 9, 2022 |access-date=January 29, 2023 |website=StosselTV}}</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, beke e le nngwe morago ga go kobiwa ga ga Vibber, WMF e ne ya koba babereki ba le barataro fa e ntse e tswala [[Wikimedia Foundation|setlhopha sa yone sa Community Tech]], mme se sa gakatsa maiteko a go ithola marapo ga bakwadi le go feta. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Greis |first=Friedhelm |date=28 May 2026 |title=Nach Entlassung von Entwicklern: Wikipedia-Autoren drohen mit Streik |trans-title=After dismissal of developers Wikipedia writers threaten strike |url=https://www.golem.de/news/nach-entlassung-von-entwicklern-wikipedia-autoren-drohen-mit-streik-2605-209132.html |url-status=live |access-date=2026-06-15 |website=Golem.de |language=de}}</ref> Baokamedi ba WMF ba ne ba bolela gore babereki ba Community Tech ba ka dira dikopo tsa maemo a a farologaneng mo mokgatlhong, le gore thulaganyo ya lenaneo la dikeletso e tla rulaganngwa sesha, gape gore WMF e tla amogela lekgotlana le le bonang tshegetso e bontsi go tswa mo babereking. Ba bangwe ba ne ba tshwaya diphoso ka tsela e e tshwanang. <ref name="Orlowski2005">{{Cite news|last=Orlowski|first=Andrew|date=December 16, 2005|title=Wikipedia science 31% more cronky than Britannica's Excellent for Klingon science, though|url=https://www.theregister.com/2005/12/16/wikipedia_britannica_science_comparison/|access-date=February 25, 2019}}</ref> Moitseanape wa tsa Itsholelo Tyler Cowen o ne a kwala jaana: "Fa ke ne ke ka tshwanelwa ke go akanyetsa gore a Wikipedia kgotsa setlhogo sa lekwalodikgang se se buang ka itsholelo se ka tswa se le boammaaruri morago ga go akanya ka lobaka lo loleele, ke ne ke tla tlhopha Wikipedia." O akgela ka gore metswedi mengwe ya setso ya dibuka tse e seng tsa dipolelo di na le go tlhoka tekatekano ga thulaganyo, mme maduo a padi tse, go ya ka kakanyo ya gagwe, di begwa go feta selekanyo mo dikwalong tsa dibukana tsa ditshwantsho mmogo le tshedimosetso e botlhokwa e e sa feleletsweng mo dipegong tsa dikgang. Amy Bruckman o nganga gore, ka ntlha ya palo ya basekaseki, "diteng tsa tsebe e e tlwaelesegileng ya Wikipedia tota ke mofuta o o ikanyegang go gaisa wa tshedimosetso o o kileng wa tlhamiwa". <ref name="PC 2021">{{Cite news|last=Stuart|first=S.C.|title=Wikipedia: The Most Reliable Source on the Internet?|url=https://www.pcmag.com/news/wikipedia-the-most-reliable-source-on-the-internet}}</ref> Ka Lwetse 2022, mmegadikgang wa ''The Sydney Morning Herald'' e bong Liam Mannix o ne a bolela gore: "Ga go na lebaka la go solofela gore Wikipedia e nnete .&nbsp;... Mme le fa go ntse jalo e nnete [go ntse jalo]." Batshwayadiphoso ba bolela gore go bo Wikipedia e bulegile le go tlhoka metswedi e e siameng ya bontsi jwa tshedimosetso/kitso go dira gore e se ka ya ikanyega. <ref name="TNY reliability issues 1">{{Cite news|last=Schiff|first=Stacy|author-link=Stacy Schiff|date=July 23, 2006|title=Know It All|magazine=[[The New Yorker]]|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2006/07/31/know-it-all|access-date=January 29, 2023}}</ref> Go tsibogela kgang ya bakwadi ba ba duelwang go bua ka dikgang dingwe le dikgang tsa go bokwadi tse di sa senolwang, Wikipedia e ne ya bega mo lekwalong mo ''The Wall Street Journal'' gore e ne ya nonotsha melao ya yone kgatlhanong le go kwalwa/tlaleletsa mo go sa senolwang. <ref name="Elder-2014">{{Cite news|date=June 16, 2014|title=Wikipedia Strengthens Rules Against Undisclosed Editing|magazine=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/BL-DGB-35861|access-date=January 29, 2023}}</ref> Wales o gatelela gore diensaetlolopedia tsa mofuta ope fela gantsi ga di a tshwanela go dirisiwa jaaka metswedi e e ka umakiwang, mme ga go a tshwanela go ikaegiwa ka tsone. Setlhopha sa tekeletso se ne sa laelwa go ithuta pele ga ba tla mo ntlwaneng ya borutelo le go bona ditshwaelo ka bonako pele ga ba tsena (mofuta wa ntlwana ya borutelo e e fetotsweng), fa setlhopha sa taolo se ne sa newa ditaelo tse di tlhamaletseng mo ntlwaneng ya borutelo (mofuta o o tlwaelegileng wa mo ntlwaneng ya borutelo). Morago ga moo ditlhopha tse di ne tsa laelwa go dirisana mmogo go tlhama dikwalo tsa Wikipedia, tse di neng di tla bewa matshwao go ya ka boleng morago ga dithutopatlisiso. Ka Mopitlo a le malatsi a le matlhano, 2014, Julie Beck, fa a ne a kwalela bukana ya ditshwantsho ya ''The Atlantic'' mo lekwalong le le bidiwang "Motswedi wa #1 wa Dingaka wa Tshedimosetso ya Tlhokomelo le Botsogo: Wikipedia", o ne a bolela gore "sephatlo mo lekgolong sa dingaka di batla tlhaloso ya malwetsi mo saeteng ya (Wikipedia), mme bangwe ba kwala dikwalo tse ka bobone go tokafatsa boleng jwa tshedimosetso e e leng teng." Mo lekwalong le le latelang mo ''The Atlantic'' la Motsheganong a le malatsi a bosupa, ka ngwaga wa 2014, setlhogo se ne se re "A Wikipedia e ka Tsamaya e Nna Mokwalo o o Tlhomameng wa Kalafi?", Julie Beck o ne a nopola mafoko a ga James Heilman wa WikiProject Medicine a re: "Gore fela dikgokedi tsa kitso di sekasekilwe ke balekane ga go reye gore ke tsa boleng jo bo kwa godimo." Beck o ne a oketsa a re: "Wikipedia e na le thulaganyo ya yone ya go sekaseka ga balekane pele ga dikwalo di ka tlhaolwa jaaka tse di 'siameng' kgotsa tse di 'tlhagisiwang'. Heilman, yo o kileng a nna le seabe mo thulaganyong eo pele, a re kwa tlase ga 'bongwe mo lekgolong' jwa dikwalo tsa kalafi tsa Wikipedia di ne tsa atlega." <ref name="theatlantic.com" /> === Go akaretsa ditlhogo le go tsaya letlhakore === Wikipedia e batla go tlhama tshoboko ya kitso yotlhe ya batho ka sebopego sa ensaetlolopedia ya mo inthaneteng, ka setlhogo sengwe le sengwe se akareditswe ka ensaetlolipedia mo lekwalong le le lengwe. E re ka e na le di-terabyte tsa mafelo a go baya mo disiking, e ka nna le ditlhogo tse dintsi thata go feta tse di ka akarediwang ke ensaetlolopedia epe e e gatisitsweng . Selekanyo se se tlhomameng le mokgwa wa go akaretsa ditlhogo mo Wikipedia o nna o sekasekwa ke bakwadii ba yone, mme go sa dumalane ga go tlwaelesega (bona go phimola le go akaretsa ). <ref name="Economist disagreements not uncommon">{{Cite news|date=March 6, 2008|title=The battle for Wikipedia's soul|newspaper=The Economist|url=https://www.economist.com/printedition/displaystory.cfm?story_id=10789354|access-date=March 7, 2008|issn=0013-0613}}</ref> <ref name="telegraph WP torn apart 1">{{Cite news|title=Wikipedia: an online encyclopedia torn apart|newspaper=The Daily Telegraph|date=November 10, 2007|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/3354752/Wikipedia-an-online-encyclopedia-torn-apart.html|access-date=November 23, 2010}}</ref> Wikipedia e na le dilo tse batho bangwe ba ka nnang ba di fitlhela di sa amogelesege, di kgopisa kgotsa di na le ditshwantsho tse di fatlhang tsa tlhakanelo dikobo. Molao wa gore "Wikipedia ga e bipe" ka dinako tse dingwe e itshupile e tsosa dikganetsano: ka 2008, Wikipedia e ne ya gana boikuelo jwa mo inthaneteng kgatlhanong le go akarediwa ga ditshwantsho tsa ga Muhammad mo kgatisong ya Sekgoa ya lekwalo la yone la ga Muhammad, go nopotswe molao o. <ref>{{Cite news|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230130231600/https://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/05/books/05wiki.html|date=February 5, 2008|title=Wikipedia Islam Entry Is Criticized|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/05/books/05wiki.html|access-date=January 30, 2023|issn=0362-4331|archivedate=January 30, 2023}}</ref> Go nna teng ga ditshwantsho tse di fatlhang tsa tlhakanelo dikobo, ga mmogo le dilo tse di masisi tsa sepolotiki le bodumedi mo Wikipedia go dirile gore di bipiwe ke balaodi ba bosetšhaba kwa China le Pakistan, gareng ga mafatshe a mangwe. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moon |first=Mariella |date=March 12, 2022 |title=Prominent editor of Russian Wikipedia pages detained in Belarus |url=https://www.yahoo.com/now/mark-bernstein-russian-wikipedia-pages-detained-in-belarus-104102452.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220313173559/https://www.yahoo.com/now/mark-bernstein-russian-wikipedia-pages-detained-in-belarus-104102452.html |archive-date=March 13, 2022 |access-date=January 30, 2023 |website=[[Yahoo! Inc. (2017–present)|Yahoo!]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Arthur |first=Charles |date=December 8, 2008 |title=Wikipedia row escalates as internet watchdog considers censoring Amazon US over Scorpions image |url=http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2008/dec/08/amazon-internet-censorship-iwf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210114545/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2008/dec/08/amazon-internet-censorship-iwf |archive-date=February 10, 2023 |access-date=January 30, 2023 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> Ka thulaganyo ya yone ya "Wikipedia e Rata Metlobo ya dibuka", Wikipedia e dirisane mmogo le metlobo ya dibuka e metona ya setšhaba di tshwana le Motlobo wa dibuka wa Setšhaba wa New York wa dithuto tsa bodiragatsi go atolosa go akaretsa ga yone ditlhogo le dikwalo tse di sa emelwang sentle. <ref name="NYT subjects and articles">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/21/theater/editing-wikipedia-at-the-new-york-public-library-for-the-performing-arts.html|title=Wikipedia's Deep Dive Into a Library Collection|last=Petrusich|first=Amanda|work=The New York Times|date=October 20, 2011|access-date=October 28, 2011}}</ref> Patlisiso nngwe ya 2011 e e dirilweng ke babatlisisi kwa Sekolo sa dithuto tse di kgolwane sa Minnesota e bontshitse gore bakwadi ba banna le ba basadi ba remelela mo dikgannyeng tse di farologaneng tsa bokwadi. Go ne go na le basadi ba le bantsi mo setlhopheng sa "batho le dithuto ysa bodiragatsi", fa banna ba ne ba remelela thata mo tsa "lefatshe le maranyane". Mokwadi mongwe wa ''The Guardian'' ka 2014 o ne a bolela gore go dirilwe maiteko a mantsi go tlamela ka dikgokedi tsa kitso tsa lenaneo la badiragatsi ba basadi ba ditshwantsho tsa tlhakanelo dikobo go na le lenaneo la bakwadi ba basadi . <ref name="GuardianAugust2014">{{Cite news|date=August 7, 2018|title=The Guardian view on Wikipedia: evolving truth|work=[[The Guardian]]|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/aug/07/guardian-view-wikipedia-evolving-truth|access-date=January 31, 2023}}</ref> ==== Go tsaya letlhakore ga thulaganyo ==== Melao ya Wikipedia e ka nna ya lekanyetsa "bokgoni jwa yone jwa go emela kitso ya lefatshe lotlhe ka boammaaruri". Ka sekai, Wikipedia e tsaya fela metswedi e e gatisitsweng e le e e ka ikanngwang. Kitso ya molomo ya ditso tsa Setso ga se ka metlha e bonalang mo dikgatisong. Ditlhogo tse di kgaphetsweng kwa thoko le tsone di ka tlhoka go akarediwa thata mo metsweding e e ikanyegang. Ka jalo diteng tsa Wikipedia di lekanyeditswe ka ntlha ya go tlhoka tekatekano mo go tona ga thulaganyo. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|pages=37, 38, 47}} Dithuto tsa thuto tsa Wikipedia di bontshitse gore palogare ya motsaakarolo mo Wikipedia ya Sekgoa ke monna yo mosweu wa Lekgoa yo o rutegileng, yo o nang le tshekamelo ya gore ke lekgoa la monna, wa dingwaga di le lesome le botlhano go ya kwa go di masome a mane le boferabongwe (15–49), go tswa kwa lefatsheng le le tlhabologileng, le bontsi jwa yone e leng la Bokeresete. <ref name="Livingstone2010">{{Cite journal |last=Livingstone |first=Randall M. |date=November 23, 2010 |title=Let's Leave the Bias to the Mainstream Media: A Wikipedia Community Fighting for Information Neutrality |url=https://www.journal.media-culture.org.au/index.php/mcjournal/article/view/315 |url-status=live |journal=M/C Journal |volume=13 |issue=6 |doi=10.5204/mcj.315 |issn=1441-2616 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221121135911/https://www.journal.media-culture.org.au/index.php/mcjournal/article/view/315 |archive-date=November 21, 2022 |access-date=November 23, 2022 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Ntlha ya pono e e tsamaelanang (POV) e emetswe go feta selekanyo. <ref name="Hube2017">{{Cite book |last=Hube |first=Christoph |date=April 3, 2017 |title=Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on World Wide Web Companion – WWW '17 Companion |publisher=International World Wide Web Conferences Steering Committee |isbn=978-1-4503-4914-7 |location=Republic and Canton of Geneva, CHE |pages=717–721 |chapter=Bias in Wikipedia |doi=10.1145/3041021.3053375 |chapter-url=https://doi.org/10.1145/3041021.3053375}}</ref> <ref name="Bjork-James-2021">{{Cite journal |last=Bjork-James |first=Carwil |date=July 3, 2021 |title=New maps for an inclusive Wikipedia: decolonial scholarship and strategies to counter systemic bias |journal=New Review of Hypermedia and Multimedia |volume=27 |issue=3 |pages=207–228 |bibcode=2021NRvHM..27..207B |doi=10.1080/13614568.2020.1865463 |s2cid=234286415}}</ref> Go tlhoka tekatekano mo ga dipalopalo tsa bakwadi go felela go baka gore go nne le go tlhoka tekatekano mo setsong, mo go tseyeng letlhakore mo go tsa bong, le mo Wikipedia . <ref name="Ackerly-2022">{{Cite journal |last=Ackerly |first=Brooke A. |last2=Michelitch |first2=Kristin |date=2022 |title=Wikipedia and Political Science: Addressing Systematic Biases with Student Initiatives |journal=PS: Political Science & Politics |volume=55 |issue=2 |pages=429–433 |doi=10.1017/S1049096521001463 |s2cid=247795102 |doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book |last=Beytía |first=Pablo |date=April 20, 2020 |title=Companion Proceedings of the Web Conference 2020 |publisher=Association for Computing Machinery |isbn=978-1-4503-7024-0 |series=WWW '20 |location=New York |pages=806–810 |chapter=The Positioning Matters |doi=10.1145/3366424.3383569 |access-date=May 8, 2023 |chapter-url=https://doi.org/10.1145/3366424.3383569 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240428132221/https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3366424.3383569 |archive-date=April 28, 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref> Go na le mefuta e mebedi e e anameng ya go tsaya letlhakore, e e ''sa tlhamalalang'' (fa setlhogo se tlogetswe) le ''e e tlhamaletseng'' (fa POV e e rileng e emetswe go feta selekanyo mo lekwalong kgotsa ke dikgokedi tsa kitso). <ref name="Hube2017" /> Ditshekatsheko tsa barutegi tsa dikwalo tsa Wikipedia di fitlhetse gore le fa dikwalo di nna di le nnete bile di se na tshedimosetso e e fapogileng, ga di a felela e bile ga di tlhagise dipono tsotlhe ka tsela e e sa tseyeng letlhakore . <ref name="Ackerly-2022"/> Ka 2011, Wales o ne a bolela gore go sa lekalekane ga kakaretso ya ditlhogo ke sesupo sa palo ya bakwadi, a nopola ka sekai "dibuka tsa botshelo tsa basadi ba ba tumileng mo ditsong le dintlha tse di amanang le tlhokomelo ya bana ba ba sa ntseng ba le bannye". <ref name="wiki-women"/> Padi ya Phalane a le malatsi a masome a mabedi, 2013, e e kwadilweng ke Tom Simonite mo ''Tlhatlhobong ya Maranyane'' ya MIT ya setlhogo se se reng " Go wela tlase ga Wikipedia " e ne ya bua ka ditlamorago tsa go tsaya letlhakore ga thulaganyo le go fokotsega ga melawana mo [[Wikipedia|go fokotsegeng ga palo ya bakwadi]] . <ref name="Simonite-2013"/> Patlisiso e e dirilweng ke Mark Graham wa Lefelo la Inthanete la Oxford ka 2009 e bontshitse gore go anamisiwa ga ditlhogo tsa dikwalo go ya ka mafelo ga go lekalekane thata, mme Aforika ke yone e e sa emelwang sentle. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Graham |first=Mark |date=November 12, 2009 |title=Mapping the Geographies of Wikipedia Content |url=https://zerogeography.net/post/144973716228/mapping-the-geographies-of-wikipedia-content |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161002051150/https://zerogeography.net/post/144973716228/mapping-the-geographies-of-wikipedia-content |archive-date=October 2, 2016 |website=Zerogeography}}</ref> Mo dikgatisong di le masome a mararo tsa dipuo tsa Wikipedia, dikwalo le dikarolo tsa ditso ka kakaretso di ikaegile ka Yuropa mme di remeletse mo ditiragalong tsa bosheng. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Strohmaier |first=Markus |date=March 6, 2017 |title=Multilingual historical narratives on Wikipedia |url=https://search.gesis.org/research_data/SDN-10.7802-1411?doi=10.7802/1411 |publisher=[[GESIS – Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences]] |chapter=KAT50 Society, Culture |doi=10.7802/1411 |quote=Wikipedia narratives about national histories (i) are skewed towards more recent events (recency bias) and (ii) are distributed unevenly across the continents with significant focus on the history of European countries (Eurocentric bias). |access-date=January 31, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230131023846/https://search.gesis.org/research_data/SDN-10.7802-1411?doi=10.7802/1411 |archive-date=January 31, 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> === Diteng tse di masisi === Wikipedia e ile ya kgalwa ka ntlha ya go letlelela tshedimosetso ka ga diteng tse di botlha thata. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Maxton|first=Richard|date=September 9, 2008|title=Wikipedia attacked over porn pages|journal=Macquarie Network|url=http://livenews.com.au/Articles/2008/09/09/Wikipedia_attacked_over_porn_pages}}</ref> Ditlhogo tse di bontshang se batshwayadiphoso bangwe ba se biditseng diteng tse di sa siamang (tse di tshwanang le boloko jwa setho, setopo, serwe sa bonna sa motho, molomo wa serwe sa bosadi, le go nna maponapona) di na le ditshwantsho tse di botlha le tshedimosetso e e feletseng e e ka bonwang motlhofo ke mongwe le mongwe yo o nang le inthanete, go akaretsa le bana. Lefelo le gape le akaretsa diteng tsa tlhakanelodikobo tse di tshwanang le ditshwantsho le ditshwantsho tsa motshikinyego tsa go itshwaratshwara dirwe tsa tlhakanelodikobo le go rota, ditshwantsho tsa zoophilia, le dinepe tsa difilimi tsa tlhakanelodikobo mo dikwalong tsa lone. Gape le na le dinepe tse e seng tsa thobalano tsa bana ba ba sa aparang . Setlhogo sa Wikipedia se se buang ka ''Virgin Killer'' —alebamo ya 1976 ya setlhopha sa mmino wa rock sa Jeremane sa Scorpions —se na le setshwantsho sa khabara ya ntlhantlha ya alebamo eno, se se bontshang mosetsana yo o sa aparang sepe yo o sa ntseng a gola . Khabara ya ntlhantlha e e neng ya gololwa e ne ya baka dikganetsano mme ga bewa e sele mo mafatsheng a mangwe. Ka Sedimonthole 2008, go kgona go bona lekwaloa Wikipedia ''ya Virgin Killer'' go ne ga thibelwa malatsi a le mane ke bontsi jwa batlamedi ba ditirelo tsa Inthanete kwa United Kingdom morago ga gore Mokgatlho wa Internet Watch (IWF) o dire tshwetso ya gore khabara ya alebamo e ne e le setshwantsho se se sa siamang se se seng kafa molaong mme wa tsenya URL ya lekwalo le mo "lenaneong la dikwalo tse di tlositsweng" la tlamela ba ditirelo tsa inthanete kwa Borithane ka lone. <ref name="Register ISP censorship">{{Cite news|title=Brit ISPs censor Wikipedia over 'child porn' album cover|first=Cade|last=Metz|newspaper=[[The Register]]|date=December 7, 2008|url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2008/12/07/brit_isps_censor_wikipedia|access-date=May 10, 2009}}</ref> Ka Moranang 2010, Sanger o ne a kwalela Biro ya Dipatlisiso ya Bosetšhaba lekwalo, a tlhalosa matshwenyego a gagwe a gore ditlhopha tse pedi tsa ditshwantsho tse di mo Wikimedia Commons di ne di na le ditshwantsho tsa thobalano tsa bana, mme di ne di tlola molao wa puso wa Amerika wa ditshwantsho tse di leswe . <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.smh.com.au/technology/technology-news/wikipedia-rejects-child-porn-accusation-20100428-tsvh|title=Wikipedia rejects child porn accusation|date=April 29, 2010|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|access-date=May 14, 2017}}</ref> <ref name="Inquirer child abuse allegations">{{Cite news|date=April 29, 2010|title=Wikipedia denies child abuse allegations: Co-founder grassed the outfit to the FBI|work=The Inquirer|url=https://www.theinquirer.net/inquirer/news/1603521/wikipedia-denies-child-abuse-allegations|access-date=October 9, 2010|archivedate=May 1, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100501174521/http://www.theinquirer.net/inquirer/news/1603521/wikipedia-denies-child-abuse-allegations}}</ref> Moragonyana Sanger o ne a tlhalosa gore ditshwantsho tse, tse di neng di amana le go tlhakanela dikobo le bana le tse dingwe tse di neng di amana le go tlhakanela dikobo le bana, e ne e se tsa bana ba mmatota, mme o ne a re e ne e le " ditshwantsho tse di leswe tsa go sotlaka bana ka thobalano ", ka fa tlase ga Molao wa PROTECT wa 2003 . Molao oo o thibela ditshwantsho tsa thobalano tsa bana le dinepe tsa dipopae le ditshwantsho tsa bana tse di fatlhang go ya ka molao wa Amerika . Sanger o ne a tlhagisa gape matshwenyego a gagwe ka go kgona go bona ditshwantsho tse di mo Wikipedia tse kwa dikolong. <ref name="TET child porn accusations">{{Cite news|title=Wikipedia blasts co-founder's accusations of child porn on website|date=April 29, 2010|journal=The Economic Times|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/infotech/internet/Wikipedia-blasts-co-founders-accusations-of-child-porn-on-website/articleshow/5871943.cms|access-date=April 29, 2010}}</ref> Mmueledi wa [[Wikimedia Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] Jay Walsh o ile a gana kgang ya ga Sanger ka maatla, a re Wikipedia e ne e se na "dilo tse di ka bonwang di se ka fa molaong. Fa re ne re na le tsone, re ne re tla di tlosa." Morago ga ngongorego ya ga Sanger, Wales elne ya phimola ditshwantsho tsa tlhakanelodikobo kwa ntle ga go buisana le morafe wa badirisi. Fa bakwadi ba baithaopi ba sena go nganga gore tshwetso e e dirilwe ka bonako, Wales o ne a ithaopela go tlogela dithata dingwe tse a neng a di tshwere jaaka karolo ya maemo a gagwe a go nna motlhami-mmogo. O ne a kwala mo molaetseng o o yang kwa lenaneong la go romela melaetsa la Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia gore kgato e ne e le "mo kgatlhegong ya go rotloetsa dipuisano ka ga dikgang tsa mmatota tsa filosofi/diteng, go na le go nna ka ga me le ka fa ke tsereng kgato ka bonako ka teng". <ref name="BBC News Wales cedes rights">{{Cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/10104946.stm|title=Wikimedia pornography row deepens as Wales cedes rights|work=BBC News|date=May 10, 2010|access-date=May 19, 2010}}</ref> Batshwayadiphoso, ba akaretsa le Wikipediocracy, ba ne ba lemoga gore bontsi jwa ditshwantsho tse di fatlhang tse di phimotsweng mo Wikipedia fa e sale ka 2010 di tlhagile gape. <ref name="XBIZ">{{Cite news|date=September 17, 2013|title=Wikipedia Gives Porn a Break|work=XBIZ.com|url=https://newswire.xbiz.com/view.php?id=169017|access-date=November 10, 2013}}</ref> === Sephiri === Matshwenyego mangwe a sephiri mo kgannyeng ya Wikipedia a amana le tshwanelo ya motho ya go nna moagi yo o ikemetseng go na le go nna motho wa setšhaba mo matlhong a molao. <ref>{{Cite book |last=McStay |first=Andrew |date=2014 |title=Privacy and Philosophy: New Media and Affective Protocol |publisher=[[Peter Lang (publisher)|Peter Lang]] |isbn=978-1-4541-9163-6 |series=Digital Formation |volume=86 |doi=10.3726/978-1-4539-1336-9}}</ref>{{efn|See [https://web.archive.org/web/20101130081035/https://texaspress.com/index.php/publications/law-media/731-law-a-the-media-in-texas--libel-cases "Libel"] by David McHam for the legal distinction.}} Ke ntwa fa gare ga tshwanelo ya go sa itsiwe mo inthaneteng le tshwanelo ya go sa itsiwe mo botshelong jwa mmatota . Melao ya sephiri ya Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia e bolela gore, "re dumela gore ga o a tshwanela go tlhoka go tlamela ka tshedimosetso ya gore o mang gore o nne le seabe mo mokgatlhong wa kitso ya mahala", mme e bolela gore "tshedimosetso ya gago" e ka nna ya abelanwa "Ka mabaka a semolao", "Go Go Sireletsa, Rona le Ba bangwe", kgotsa "Go Tlhaloganya le go Lekeletsa". <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Privacy policy |url=https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Privacy_policy |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230131204008/https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Privacy_policy |archive-date=January 31, 2023 |access-date=February 1, 2023 |website=Wikimedia Foundation}}</ref> Ka Ferikgong 2006, kgotlatshekelo ya Jeremane e ne ya laela gore Wikipedia ya Jeremane e tswalwe mo teng ga Jeremane ka gonne e ne e bolela leina ka botlalo la ga Boris Floric, aka "Tron", yo o neng a tlhasela mo maranyaneng yo o tlhokafetseng. Ka Tlhakole a le malatsi a le boferabongwe, ngwaga wa 2006, taelo e e neng e le kgatlhanong le Wikimedia Deutschland e ne ya menolwa, mme kgotlatshekelo ya gana kgopolo ya gore tshwanelo ya ga Tron ya go nna le sephiri kgotsa ya batsadi ba gagwe e ne e gatakiwa. <ref name="heise Tron public issue 1">{{Cite news|last1=Kleinz|first1=Torsten|title=Gericht weist einstweilige Verfügung gegen Wikimedia Deutschland ab [Update]|url=https://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/Gericht-weist-einstweilige-Verfuegung-gegen-Wikimedia-Deutschland-ab-Update-173587.html|work=Heise Online|publisher=[[Heinz Heise]]|date=September 2, 2006|language=de}}</ref> Wikipedia e na le " " se se dirisang Znuny, e leng lefelo la sofotewere ya mahala ya motswedi o o bulegileng sa OTRS <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Volunteer Response Team |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Volunteer_Response_Team |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230202072211/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Volunteer_response_team |archive-date=February 2, 2023 |access-date=February 1, 2023 |website=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki}}</ref> go emelana le dipotso ntle le tlhoka go senola maina a batho ba ba amegang. Se se dirisiwa, ka sekai, mo go netefatseng tetla ya go dirisa ditshwantsho le metswedi e mengwe ya dikgang mo lenaneong. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=OTRS – A flexible Help Desk and IT-Service Management Software |url=https://www.otrs.com/en/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131030215341/https://www.otrs.com/en/ |archive-date=October 30, 2013 |access-date=June 9, 2012 |website=Open Technology Real Services |publisher=OTRS.com}}</ref> Mo bokhutlong jwa Moranang 2023, Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia o itsisitse gore Wikipedia ga e kitla e ineela mo ditlhomamisong dipe tsa dingwaga tse di ka tlhokwang ke molao wa UK wa Molao wa Pabalesego ya Inthanete . Rebecca MacKinnon wa Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia o ne a bolela gore go tlholwa mo go ntseng jalo go tlaa lhulana le boineelo jwa webosaete jwa go kokoanya tshedimosetso e nnye ka batho ba ba tsenyang letsogo le babadi ba yone. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-65388255|title=Wikipedia will not perform Online Safety Bill age checks|work=BBC|date=April 28, 2023|access-date=May 1, 2023}}</ref> === Kgethololo ya bong === Wikipedia e ne ya tlhalosiwa ka 2015 e le lefelo le e nang le setso sa ntwa sa [[Go Tlhaola Batho ka Bong|go tlhaola batho ka bong]] le go tshwenya . <ref name="Paling">{{Cite web |last=Paling |first=Emma |date=October 21, 2015 |title=Wikipedia's Hostility to Women |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/10/how-wikipedia-is-hostile-to-women/411619/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221231105811/https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/10/how-wikipedia-is-hostile-to-women/411619/ |archive-date=December 31, 2022 |access-date=October 24, 2015 |website=[[The Atlantic]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Auerbach |first=David |date=December 11, 2014 |title=Encyclopedia Frown |url=https://www.slate.com/articles/technology/bitwise/2014/12/wikipedia_editing_disputes_the_crowdsourced_encyclopedia_has_become_a_rancorous.html |url-status=live |journal=Slate |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151023233133/http://www.slate.com/articles/technology/bitwise/2014/12/wikipedia_editing_disputes_the_crowdsourced_encyclopedia_has_become_a_rancorous.html |archive-date=October 23, 2015 |access-date=October 24, 2015}}</ref> Go lemogiwa ga tiriso ya puo e e sotlang gone ga buiwa fa e le lebaka le le neng la tlhagisiwa ka 2013 la go tlhoka tekatekano ya bong jwa bakwadi Wikipedia. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Murphy|first=Dan|date=August 1, 2013|title=In UK, rising chorus of outrage over online misogyny|work=[[The Christian Science Monitor]]|url=https://www.csmonitor.com/World/Security-Watch/Backchannels/2013/0801/In-UK-rising-chorus-of-outrage-over-online-misogyny|access-date=February 1, 2023}}</ref> Go nnile le di-Edit-a-thon go rotloetsa bakwadi ba basadi le go oketsa go akaretsa dikgang tsa basadi. <ref>{{Cite news|title=High Museum to host virtual Wikipedia edit-a-thon to boost entries about women|url=https://www.ajc.com/lifestyles/high-museum-host-virtual-wikipedia-edit-thon-boost-entries-about-women/TxxMEMGWHqFfaNMpV8y9DN/|access-date=October 24, 2020}}</ref> Ka Motsheganong 2018, mokwadi wa Wikipedia o ne a gana lekwalo le le neng le rometswe ka Donna Strickland ka ntlha ya go tlhoka go begwa mo metsweding ya dikgang. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Draft:Donna Strickland |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Draft:Donna_Strickland&oldid=842614385 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210114656/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Draft:Donna_Strickland&oldid=842614385 |archive-date=February 10, 2023 |access-date=February 1, 2023 |website=Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> <ref name="Schlanger-2018">{{Cite web |last=Schlanger |first=Zoë |last2=Purtill |first2=Corinne |date=October 2, 2018 |title=Wikipedia rejected an entry on a Nobel Prize winner because she wasn't famous enough |url=https://qz.com/1410909/wikipedia-had-rejected-nobel-prize-winner-donna-strickland-because-she-wasnt-famous-enough/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181025085329/https://qz.com/1410909/wikipedia-had-rejected-nobel-prize-winner-donna-strickland-because-she-wasnt-famous-enough/ |archive-date=October 25, 2018 |access-date=February 1, 2023 |website=[[Quartz (publication)|Quartz]]}}</ref> Dikgwedi di le tlhano morago ga tiragalo e, Strickland o ne a gapa Seetsele sa Nobel mo dithutong tsa Maranyane gore o na "le ditlhamo tse di tona mo lephateng la Maranyane a laser", mme a nna mosadi wa boraro go amogela seetsele se. <ref name="Schlanger-2018" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=October 2, 2018 |title=The Nobel Prize in Physics 2018 |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2018/press-release/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181002141926/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2018/press-release/ |archive-date=October 2, 2018 |access-date=February 1, 2023 |website=The Nobel Prize}}</ref> Pele ga a fenya seetsele se, Strickland o ne a umakiwa fela mo Wikipedia mo lekwalong le le neng le bua ka mmereki ka ene le mofenyi-mmogo wa seetsele e bong Gérard Mourou . <ref name="Schlanger-2018" /> Go kgaphelwa thoko ga gagwe mo Wikipedia go ne ga dira gore Wikipedia e bonwe molato wa go tlhaola batho ka bong, mme Corinne Purtill yo o neng a kwalela ''Quartz'' o ne a bolela gore "gape ke thuto e e tlhamaletseng ka dikotsi tsa go kgetholola ka bong mo metsweding ya dikgang, le ditlamorago tse di anameng tsa go sa emelwe sentle." <ref name="Purtill-2018">{{Cite web |last=Purtill |first=Corinne |date=October 3, 2018 |title=Sexism at Wikipedia feeds off the sexism in the media |url=https://qz.com/1412718/wikipedia-has-a-problem-with-sexism-so-does-the-media/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201022552/https://qz.com/1412718/wikipedia-has-a-problem-with-sexism-so-does-the-media |archive-date=February 1, 2023 |access-date=February 1, 2023 |website=[[Quartz (publication)|Quartz]]}}</ref> Purtill o amanya kgang e le go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong mo go begeng ga bobegakgang. <ref name="Purtill-2018" /> Patlisiso e e tseneletseng ya 2008, e e gatisitsweng ka 2016, ke Julia B. Bear wa Sekolo sa dithuto tse di kgolwane tsa Kgwebo ya sa Stony Brook le Benjamin Collier wa Sekolo sa dithuto tse di kgolwane sa Carnegie Mellon ba fitlhetse dipharologano tse di tona tsa bong mo go tshepeng boitseanape, go sa phuthologa ga bakwadi, le go tsibogela ditshwaelo tse di botlhokwa. "Basadi ba begile gore ga ba tshepe boitseanape jwa bone, ba tlhagisitse go sa phuthologa mo go tona mo bokwading(se gantsi se akaretsang kgotlhang), mme ba begile maikutlo a a seng molemo thata mo ditshwaelong tse di botlhokwa fa ba bapisiwa le banna." <ref>{{Cite journal |date=January 4, 2016 |title=Where are the Women in Wikipedia ? – Understanding the Different Psychological Experiences of Men and Women in Wikipedia |url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11199-015-0573-y |url-status=live |journal=Sex Roles |publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media|Springer Science]] |volume=74 |issue=5–6 |pages=254–265 |doi=10.1007/s11199-015-0573-y |s2cid=146452625 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211027122538/https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11199-015-0573-y |archive-date=October 27, 2021 |access-date=June 27, 2021}}</ref> === ''Dikwalo tse di tseneletseng tse di boferabongwe '' === ''"Dithesis di le boferabongwe"'' di kaya mogopolo wa diphetogo o o gatisitsweng ke Larry Sanger ka Phalane 2025. ''Dithesis tse di boferabongwe'' tsa ga Sanger mo Wikipedia di tlhagisa lenaneo la tshekatsheko e e botlhokwa la diphetogo la Wikipedia. Mogopolo o ke karolo ya maiteko a gagwe a a anameng a go lebagana le se Sanger a se tsayang e le dikgang tsa thulaganyo mo teng ga Wikipedia, tse di akaretsang, go tsaya letlhakore ga megopolo, go tlhoka go nna mo pepeneneng mo maemong a bakwadi, le tsamaiso e e sa direng sentle ya go dira ditshwetso e e theilweng morago ga ditumalano. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-10-04 |title=Wikipedia Co-Founder Unveils Plan To Fix Website's Biased 'Engine of Defamation' |url=https://www.nysun.com/article/wikipedia-co-founder-unveils-plan-to-fix-websites-biased-engine-of-defamation |access-date=2026-01-08 |website=The New York Sun |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-12-11 |title=Nine Theses on Wikipedia |url=https://larrysanger.org/nine-theses/ |access-date=2026-01-08 |website=LarrySanger.org |language=en-US}}</ref> == Tsamaiso == === Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia le mekgatlho e e amanang le one === [[File:Sue_Gardner_during_her_presentation_at_Wikimania_2013.jpg|thumb|Sue Gardner, mookamedi mogolo wa ntlha, ka 2013 kwa Wikimania]] Wikipedia e tshwarwa le go tlamelwa ka madi ke [[Wikimedia Foundation|Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]], e leng mokgatlho o o sa direng dipoelo gape o tsamaisang mananeo a a amanang le Wikipedia tse di tshwanang le Wiktionary le Dibuka tsa Wikipedia . <ref group="W">{{Cite web |date=May 30, 2018 |title=Wikimedia Projects |url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/our-work/wikimedia-projects/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231011065720/https://wikimediafoundation.org/our-work/wikimedia-projects/ |archive-date=October 11, 2023 |access-date=February 1, 2023 |website=Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Mokgatlho o o ikaegile ka meneelo ya setšhaba le dithuso tsa madi go duelela ditiro tsa one. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Wikimedia's approach to coronavirus: Staffers can work 20 hours a week, get paid for full time|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2020/03/17/wikimedias-approach-coronavirus-staffers-can-work-20-hours-week-get-paid-full-time/|access-date=February 25, 2021|date=March 17, 2020}}</ref> <ref name="financialstatements" group="W">{{Cite web |date=October 12, 2022 |title=Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. – Consolidated Financial Statements – June 30, 2022 and 2021 |url=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/foundation/2/26/Wikimedia_Foundation_FY2021-2022_Audit_Report.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210114545/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/foundation/2/26/Wikimedia_Foundation_FY2021-2022_Audit_Report.pdf |archive-date=February 10, 2023 |access-date=June 5, 2016 |publisher=Wikimedia Foundation}}</ref> Pampiri ya 990 ya Tirelo ya Lotseno ya 2020 e bontsha lotseno lwa $124,60.&nbsp;milione le ditshenyegelo tse e ka nnang tsa $112,200 &nbsp;milione, ka dithoto tse di ka nnang $1 200,20 milione le tse di duelelwang di ka nna $11&nbsp;milione. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |date=May 17, 2022 |title=Wikimedia Foundation 2020 Form 990 |url=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/foundation/e/e4/Wikimedia_Foundation_2020_Form_990.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220524102009/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/foundation/e/e4/Wikimedia_Foundation_2020_Form_990.pdf |archive-date=May 24, 2022 |access-date=October 14, 2014 |website=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Ka Motsheganong 2014, Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia o ne wa bitsa Lila Tretikov jaaka Mookamedi-mogolo wa one wa bobedi wa khuduthamaga, a tsaya marapo a ga Sue Gardner. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |date=May 1, 2014 |title=Press releases/WMF announces new ED Lila Tretikov |url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Press_releases/WMF_announces_new_ED_Lila_Tretikov |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140503035438/https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Press_releases/WMF_announces_new_ED_Lila_Tretikov |archive-date=May 3, 2014 |access-date=June 14, 2014 |website=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> ''The Wall Street Journal'' e ne ya bega ka Motsheganong a le bongwe, 2014, gore dikitso tsa ga Tretikov tsa maranyane, go tswa mo dingwageng tsa gagwe kwa Sekolong sa dithuto tse di kgolwane sa California di naya Wikipedia tshono ya go tlhabologa ka tsela e e tsepameng thata e e kaelwang ke polelo ya gagwe e e boelediwang gantsi ya gore, "Tshedimosetso, fela jaaka phefo, e tlhoka go nna mahala." <ref name="Jeff Elder 2014">{{Cite news|date=May 1, 2014|title=Wikipedia's New Chief: From Soviet Union to World's Sixth-Largest Site|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/BL-DGB-34824|access-date=February 1, 2023}}</ref> <ref name="nytimes.com">{{Cite news|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210114542/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/02/business/media/open-source-software-specialist-selected-as-executive-director-of-wikipedia.html?_r=0|date=May 1, 2014|title=Media: Open-Source Software Specialist Selected as Executive Director of Wikipedia|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/02/business/media/open-source-software-specialist-selected-as-executive-director-of-wikipedia.html?_r=0|access-date=February 1, 2023|archivedate=February 10, 2023}}</ref> Setlhogo sone se sa ''Wall Street Journal'' se ne sa bega ka dikaelo tse tsa tlhabololo go ya ka potsolotso le mmueledi Jay Walsh wa Wikimedia, yo o neng a " re Tretikov o tla rarabolola kgang eo ya ( go duela batho go go buelelela ) e le selo se se tlang pele. 'Tota re kgaratlhela go dira dilo mo pepeneneng .&nbsp;... Re gatelela gore go duela bakwadi go go buelelela ga go amogelesege.' Maiteko a go akaretsa batho ba ba farologaneng ba ba nang le seabe, tshegetso e e botoka ya dipuisano tsa Wikipedia, didirisiwa tse disha tsa lefatshe, go bona diteng tsa selegae bonolo, le didirisiwa tse dintsi tsa badirisi mo lefatsheng la bobedi le la boraro le tsone ke ditlapele", Walsh o ne a bolela jalo. <ref name="Jeff Elder 2014" /> Morago ga go tsamaya ga ga Tretikov mo Wikipedia ka ntlha ya mathata a a amanang le tiriso ya karolo ya "tshireletso e e feteletseng" e mefuta mengwe ya puo ya Wikipedia e e amogetseng, <ref group="W">{{Cite news|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230125043521/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2014-08-13/News_and_notes|date=August 13, 2014|title=Media Viewer controversy spreads to German Wikipedia|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2014-08-13/News_and_notes|access-date=February 1, 2023|archivedate=January 25, 2023}}</ref> Katherine Maher o ne a nna Mookamedi-mogolo wa boraro wa Mokgatlho wa Wikipedia ka Seetebosigo 2016. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=Lorente |first=Patricio |date=March 16, 2016 |title=Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees welcomes Katherine Maher as interim Executive Director |url=https://diff.wikimedia.org/2016/03/16/board-welcomes-katherine-maher/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210114634/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2016/03/16/board-welcomes-katherine-maher/ |archive-date=February 10, 2023 |access-date=February 1, 2023 |website=Diff |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Maher o ne a bolela gore nngwe ya ditlapele tsa gagwe e tla nna kgang ya go tshwenngwa ga bakwadi e e tlwaelesegileng mo Wikipedia jaaka go supilwe ke lekgotlana la Wikipedia ka Sedimonthole. O boleletse ''Bloomberg Businessweek'' mabapi le kgang ya go tshwenngwa a re: "Go dira gore batho ba akanye gore se ke selo se se tlang pele mo morafeng wa badirisi.&nbsp;... [mme paakanyo eo e tlhoka gore] e tshwanetse go nna go feta go bua fela." <ref name="Bloomberg 2016"/> Maher o ne a nna mokaedi wa khuduthamaga go fitlha ka Moranang 2021. <ref name="axios">{{Cite web |last=Salmon |first=Felix |date=February 4, 2021 |title=Exclusive: End of the Maher era at Wikipedia |url=https://www.axios.com/exclusive-the-end-of-the-maher-era-at-wikipedia-c1ed1408-bab7-4308-9407-db093e24c80d.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204180613/https://www.axios.com/exclusive-the-end-of-the-maher-era-at-wikipedia-c1ed1408-bab7-4308-9407-db093e24c80d.html |archive-date=February 4, 2021 |access-date=April 16, 2021 |website=Axios}}</ref> Maryana Iskander o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Mookamedimogolo yo o tsenang ka Lwetse 2021, mme a tsaya maemo a ka Firikgong 2022. O ne a bolela gore nngwe ya dilo tse a tla remelelang mo go tsone e tla nna go oketsa kabakanyo mo morafeng wa badirisi ba Wikimedia. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Lima|first=Cristiano|date=September 14, 2021|title=Wikimedia taps leader of South African nonprofit as its next CEO|newspaper=The Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/09/14/wikipedia-maryana-iskander-ceo/|access-date=September 14, 2021|issn=0190-8286}}</ref> Iskander o ne a dira go fitlha ka Firikgong 2026, fa Bernadette Meehan a ne a tsaya marapo a go nna Mookamedimogolo. Wikipedia gape e engwe nokeng ke mekgatlho le ditlhopha di le dintsi tse di dirisanang le Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia mme di tsamaisiwa ka bonosi, tse di bidiwang [[Wikimedia Foundation|ditlhopha tse di dirisanang le mokgatlho wa Wikimedia]] . Tse di akaretsa dikgaolo tsa Wikimedia (tse e leng mekgatlho ya setšhaba kgotsa e e kwa tlase ga ya setšhaba, jaaka Wikimedia Deutschland le Wikimedia Fora), mekgatlho ya ditlhogo (e e tshwanang le Amical Wikimedia ya setšhaba sa puo ya Se-Catalan ), le ditlhopha tsa badirisi. Ditlhopha tse di tsaya karolo mo go rotloetseng, go tlhabololeng, le go thusa Wikipedia ka madi. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Wikimedia chapters |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_chapters |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051112001834/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_chapters |archive-date=November 12, 2005 |access-date=February 1, 2023 |website=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki}}</ref> === Ditiro tsa sofotewere le tshegetso/kemo nokeng === Go dira ga Wikipedia go ikaegile ka MediaWiki, e leng sofotewere ya wiki e e itiretsweng, e le ya mahala gape e bulegile se se kwadilweng ka PHP mme se agilwe mo thulaganyong ya polokelo ya tshedimosetso ya MySQL . <ref name="nedworks database system" group="W">{{Cite web |last=Bergsma |first=Mark |title=Wikimedia Architecture |url=https://www.nedworks.org/~mark/presentations/san/Wikimedia%20architecture.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090303204708/https://www.nedworks.org/~mark/presentations/san/Wikimedia%20architecture.pdf |archive-date=March 3, 2009 |access-date=June 27, 2008 |publisher=Wikimedia Foundation}}</ref> Sofotewere e e akaretsa ditiriso tsa go dira mananeo a tshwana le puo e kgolo, dilo tse di farologaneng, thulaganyo ya go fetoladithempoleite, le go kaela gape URL . <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=MediaWiki Features |url=https://www.wikimatrix.org/show/mediawiki |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230202020544/https://www.wikimatrix.org/show/mediawiki |archive-date=February 2, 2023 |access-date=February 2, 2023 |website=WikiMatrix}}</ref> MediaWiki e na le teseletso ka fa tlase ga Teseletso ya Botlhe ya GNU (GPL) mme e dirisiwa ke mananeo otlhe a Wikimedia, ga mmogo le mananeo a mangwe a mantsi a wiki. <ref name="nedworks database system" group="W" /> <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Project:Copyrights |url=https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Project:Copyrights&oldid=262877 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211022061355/https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Project:Copyrights&oldid=262877 |archive-date=October 22, 2021 |access-date=February 2, 2023 |website=MediaWiki |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Kwa tshimologong, Wikipedia e ne e tsamaisiwa mo UseModWiki e e kwadilweng ka Perl ke Clifford Adams (Kgato ya ntlha), e kwa tshimologong e neng e tlhoka CamelCase go dira dikgokagano tsa dikwalo; mofuta wa go dirisa masaka a mabedi se ne sa tsenngwa moragonyana. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=UseMod: UseModWiki |url=https://www.usemod.org/cgi-bin/wiki.pl |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20001017191620/http://www.usemod.com/cgi-bin/wiki.pl |archive-date=October 17, 2000 |website=UseModWiki}}</ref> Go simolola ka Firikgong 2002 (Kgato ya bobedi), Wikipedia e ne ya simolola go dira mo enjeneng ya wiki ya PHP e e nang le polokelo ya tshedimosetso ya MySQL; sofotewere e e ne e direlwa Wikipedia ke Magnus Manske . Sofotewere ya Kgato ya bobedi e ne ya fetolwa gangwe le gape go emelana le tlhokego e e neng e oketsega ka lobelo lo logolo . Ka Phukwi 2002 ( Kgato ya boraro ), Wikipedia e ne ya fetogela kwa sofotewereng ya kokomane ya boraro, e leng MediaWiki, e e neng e kwadilwe ke Lee Daniel Crocker . Dikatoloso di le mmalwa tsa MediaWiki di tsentswe go atolosa tiro ya sofotewere ya MediaWiki. Ka Moranang 2005, katoloso ya Lucene <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=Snow |first=Michael |date=April 18, 2005 |title=Internal search function returns to service |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2005-04-18/Lucene_search |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120731211712/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2005-04-18/Lucene_search |archive-date=July 31, 2012 |access-date=February 2, 2023 |website=Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=Vibber |first=Brion |title=[Wikitech-l&#93; Lucene search |url=https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2005-April/016297.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130330033506/http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2005-April/016297.html |archive-date=March 30, 2013 |access-date=February 26, 2009 |website=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> e ne ya tsenngwa mo patlong e e diritsweng mo teng ya MediaWiki mme Wikipedia e ne ya fetoga go tswa go MySQL go ya go Lucene go dirisiwa mo patlong. Moragonyana Lucene e ne ya emisediwa ka Patlisiso ya Cirrus e e theilweng mo Patlong ya Elastic . <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Extension:CirrusSearch |url=https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:CirrusSearch |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413230335/https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:CirrusSearch |archive-date=April 13, 2021 |access-date=February 2, 2023 |website=MediaWiki}}</ref> Ka Phukwi 2013, morago ga go dira diteko tse di tseneletseng tsa beta, katoloso ya WYSIWYG (Se o se Bonang ke se o se fiwang), VisualEditor, e ne ya bulwa gore e dirisiwe ke botlhe. <ref name="thenextwebve">{{Cite news|title=Wikimedia rolls out WYSIWYG visual editor for logged-in users accessing Wikipedia articles in English|url=https://thenextweb.com/insider/2013/07/02/wikimedia-rolls-out-its-wysiwyg-visual-editor-for-logged-in-users-accessing-wikipedia-articles-in-english/|access-date=February 2, 2023}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/wikipedia/10196578/Wikipedia-introduces-new-features-to-entice-editors.html|title=Wikipedia introduces new features to entice editors|access-date=August 18, 2013}}</ref> <ref name="TheEconomistVE">{{Cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/blogs/babbage/2011/12/changes-wikipedia|title=Changes at Wikipedia: Seeing things|access-date=July 28, 2013}}</ref> E ne ya ganwa le go tshwaiwa diphoso thata, mme ya tlhalosiwa e le " bonya gape e na le diphoso". <ref name="Orlowski, Andrew">{{Cite web |last=Orlowski |first=Andrew |date=August 1, 2013 |title=Wikipedians say no to Jimmy's 'buggy' WYSIWYG editor |url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2013/08/01/wikipedians_reject_wysiwyg_editor/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130804115056/http://www.theregister.co.uk/2013/08/01/wikipedians_reject_wysiwyg_editor |archive-date=August 4, 2013 |access-date=August 18, 2013 |website=The Register}}</ref> Karolo e ne ya fetolwa go tswa mo go tlhopheng go tswa go ya kwa go tlhopheng go tsena morago ga moo. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=Forrester |first=James |date=April 25, 2013 |title=The alpha version of the VisualEditor is now in 15 languages |url=https://diff.wikimedia.org/2013/04/25/visualeditor-alpha-in-15-languages/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210114634/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2013/04/25/visualeditor-alpha-in-15-languages/ |archive-date=February 10, 2023 |access-date=February 2, 2023 |website=Diff |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> === Go kwala mo go itirisang === Mananeo a dibalamakgolo(dikhompiutara) a a bidiwang di-bot gantsi di ile tsa dirisiwa go dira ditiro tse di motlhofo le tse di boelediwang, tse di tshwanang le go baakanya diphoso tse di tlwaelesegileng jaaka go peleta le mathata a mefuta ya tiriso, kgotsa go simolola dikwalo tse di tshwanang le go tsenya tsa dintlha tse digeographic ka mokgwa o o tlwaelegileng go tswa mo go wa tshedimosetso ya dipalopalo. <ref name="meetbots">{{Cite news|last=Nasaw|first=Daniel|date=July 24, 2012|title=Meet the 'bots' that edit Wikipedia|work=[[BBC News]]|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-18892510|access-date=February 2, 2023}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|last=Halliday|first=Josh|title=Boot up: The Wikipedia vandalism police, Apple analysts, and more|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2012/jul/26/boot-up-wikipedia-apple|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=July 26, 2012|access-date=September 5, 2012}}</ref> Mongwe wa bakwadi ba ba neng ba ntsha kganetsano, e bong Sverker Johansson, o ne a tlhama dikwalo ka bot ya gagwe ya Lsjbot, e go neng ga begwa gore e tlhama dikwalo di ka nna dikete di le lesome mo Wikipedia ya Se-Swedish ka malatsi a a rileng. <ref>{{Cite news|date=July 13, 2014|title=For This Author, 10,000 Wikipedia Articles Is a Good Day's Work|url=https://online.wsj.com/articles/for-this-author-10-000-wikipedia-articles-is-a-good-days-work-1405305001|access-date=August 18, 2014}}</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, go na le di-bot tse di diretsweng go itsise bakwadi ka go itirisa fa ba dira diphoso tse di tlwaelesegileng tsa bokwadi (tse di tshwanang le dinopolo tse di sa tsamaelaneng kgotsa masaka a a sa tshwaneng). <ref group="W">{{Cite news|last=Aude|date=March 23, 2009|title=Abuse Filter is enabled|publisher=Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2009-03-23/Abuse_Filter|access-date=February 2, 2023}}</ref> Diphetolo tse di supilweng ka maaka ke di-bot e le tiro ya mokwadi yo o kobilweng di ka busediwa ke bakwadi ba bangwe. Bot e e lwantshanang le go senya e rulaganyeditswe go lemoga le go ntsha tshenyo ka bonako. <ref name="meetbots" /> Di-bot di kgona go supa diphetogo go tswa mo diakhaontong tse di rileng kgotsa mo ditlhopheng tsa diaterese tsa IP, jaaka go diragetse ka nako ya go thuntshiwa ga sefofane sa MH17 ka Phukwi 2014 fa go ne go begwa gore diphetogo di dirilwe ka di-IP tse di laolwang ke puso ya Russia. <ref>{{Cite web |date=July 21, 2014 |title=MH17 Wikipedia entry edited from Russian government IP address |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/program/the-stream/2014/7/21/mh17-wikipedia-entry-edited-from-russian-government-ip-address |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161116002928/https://stream.aljazeera.com/story/201407211855-0023944 |archive-date=November 16, 2016 |access-date=July 22, 2014 |website=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]]}}</ref> Di-bot mo Wikipedia di tshwanetse go amogelwa pele di tsenngwa mo tirisong. Go ya ka Andrew Lih, go ne go tla nna thata go akanya ka go atolosiwa ga Wikipedia mo go diragalang gompieno go dira dikadikadike tsa dikwalo fa go ne go sa dirisiwe di-bot tse di ntseng jalo. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Lih |first=Andrew |year=2009 |title=The Wikipedia Revolution |publisher=[[Hachette Books]] |isbn=978-1-4013-0371-6 |pages=99–106 |oclc=232977686}}</ref> Ka Mopitlo 2026, moemedi wa AI, Tom, o ne a dira diphetogo mo Wikipedia ka fa tlase ga akhaonto ya TomWikiAssist. Akhaonto e e ne ya thibelwa ka ntlha ya go nna bot e e sa amogelweng. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Maiberg |first=Emmanuel |date=March 30, 2026 |title=An AI Agent Was Banned From Creating Wikipedia Articles, Then Wrote Angry Blogs About Being Banned |url=https://www.404media.co/an-ai-agent-was-banned-from-creating-wikipedia-articles-then-wrote-angry-blogs-about-being-banned/ |url-access=registration |access-date=April 12, 2026 |website=[[404 Media]]}}</ref> === Ditiro tsa hardwere le tshegetso/kemo nokeng === [[File:Wikipedia_webrequest_2022.png|alt=Diagram showing flow of data between Wikipedia's servers.|thumb|Setshwantsho sa lenaneo la thulaganyo go ema ka Phatwe 2022 [[Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from August 2022]] [[Category:All articles containing potentially dated statements]]]] Wikipedia mo bogompienong e dira mo ditlhopheng tse di kgethegileng tsa disefara tsa Linux tse di dirisang tsamaiso ya tiriso ya Debian . <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Debian |url=https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Debian |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418084905/https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Debian |archive-date=April 18, 2021 |access-date=April 9, 2021 |website=Wikitech |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Ka Firikgong a le masome a mabedi, 2013, Wikipedia e ne e fuduseditse lefelo la yone la konokono la tshedimosetso kwa lefelong la Equinix kwa Ashburn, kwa Virginia . <ref group="W" name=":0"/> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/archives/2013/01/14/its-official-equinix-ashburn-is-wikimedias-home/|title=It's Official: Ashburn is Wikipedia's New Home|first=Jason|last=Verge|access-date=June 5, 2016|date=January 14, 2013}}</ref> Lefelo la bobedi la tshedimosetso ya tiriso le ne la tlhamiwa ka 2014 kwa Carrollton, Texas, go tokafatsa go ikanyega ga Wikipedia. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Data centers - Wikitech |url=https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Data_centers |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230129081929/https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Data_centers |archive-date=January 29, 2023 |access-date=October 4, 2025 |website=wikitech.wikimedia.org}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bergsma |first=Mark |date=May 5, 2014 |title=Wikimedia Foundation selects CyrusOne in Dallas as new data center |url=https://diff.wikimedia.org/2014/05/05/wikimedia-foundation-selects-cyrusone-in-dallas-as-new-data-center/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180715011353/https://blog.wikimedia.org/2014/05/05/wikimedia-foundation-selects-cyrusone-in-dallas-as-new-data-center/ |archive-date=July 15, 2018 |access-date=October 4, 2025 |website=Diff}}</ref> Mafelo a a tshedimosetso ka bobedi a dira e le a konokono, mo dipakeng tse di farologaneng, mme e nngwe e dira jaaka ya bobedi ya tshedimosetso. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Switch Datacenter - Wikitech |url=https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Switch_Datacenter |access-date=October 4, 2025 |website=wikitech.wikimedia.org}}</ref> Ka 2017, Wikipedia e ne ya tsenya setlhopha sa go boloka tshedimosetso mo lefelong la Equinix kwa Singapore, e leng la ntlha la mofuta ono kwa Asia. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=⚓ T156028 Name Asia Cache DC site |url=https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T156028 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190512040933/https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T156028 |archive-date=May 12, 2019 |access-date=May 12, 2019 |website=Wikimedia Phabricator}}</ref> Ka 2022, go ne ga bulwa lefelo la go boloka tshedimosetso kwa Marseille, kwa Fora. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=⚓ T282787 Configure dns and puppet repositories for new drmrs datacenter |url=https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T282787 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210114545/https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T282787 |archive-date=February 10, 2023 |access-date=February 2, 2023 |website=Wikimedia Phabricator}}</ref> Ka 2024, go ne ga bulwa lefelo la go boloka tshedimosetso kwa São Paulo, e leng la ntlha la mofuta o kwa Amerika Borwa. <ref group="W" name="Magru">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=July 26, 2024 |title=The journey to open our first data center in South America |url=https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/26/the-journey-to-open-our-first-data-center-in-south-america/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240921054425/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/26/the-journey-to-open-our-first-data-center-in-south-america/ |archive-date=September 21, 2024 |access-date=November 29, 2024 |website=Diff |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Go ema ka Ngwanatseele 2024, ditlhopha tsa go boloka di-cache di kwa Amsterdam, kwa San Francisco, kwa Singapore, kwa Marseille le kwa São Paulo. <ref name=":13" group="W">{{Cite web |date=April 22, 2013 |title=Wikimedia servers |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_servers |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211120023847/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_servers |archive-date=November 20, 2021 |access-date=January 24, 2023 |website=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki}}</ref> <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Data centers |url=https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Data_centers |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230129081929/https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Data_centers |archive-date=January 29, 2023 |access-date=February 2, 2023 |website=Wikitech |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> === Dipatlisiso tsa mo teng le tlhabololo ya tsamaiso === Morago ga palo e e golang ya meneelo(madi) e e tsenang ka 2013 e e fetang dinomoro di le supa, <ref name="Simonite-2013"/> Mokgatlho o o fitlheletse selekanyo sa dithoto tse di bonwang di tshwanelega go akanyediwa ka fa tlase ga melaometheo ya itsholelo ya mokgatlho wa madirelo go supa tlhokego ya go beeletsa gape madi/meneelo mo dipatlisisong le mo tlhabololong ya Mokgatlho. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Scherer |first=Frederic M. |author-link=Frederic M. Scherer |date=2009 |title=Industrial Market Structure and Economic Performance |url=https://ssrn.com/abstract=1496716 |publisher=Academy for Entrepreneurial Leadership Historical Research Reference in Entrepreneurship, [[University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign]] |ssrn=1496716 |access-date=February 2, 2023 |orig-date=1970 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240428132257/https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1496716 |archive-date=April 28, 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref> Mananeo a mabedi a dipatlisiso tse di ntseng jalo tsa mo teng le tlhabololo a nnile tlhamo ya Modiri wa Ditshwantsho le thebo ya "Ke a leboga" e e fitlhelwang mo ditsong tsa go kwala, tse di neng tsa tlhamiwa go tokafatsa mathata a go lapisega ga mokwadi. <ref name="Simonite-2013" /> <ref name="Orlowski, Andrew"/> Dipalo kakanyetso tsa go beeletsa gape ke mekgatlho ya madirelo mo dipatlisisong tsa mo teng le tlhabololo di ne tsa ithutiwa ke Adam Jaffe, yo o kwadileng gore go ne go tshwanetse go laolwa selekanyo sa 4% go ya go 25% ka ngwaga, ka maranyane a maemo a a kwa godimo se se tlhokang seelo se se kwa godimo sa tshegetso ka go beeletsa gape mo mokgatlhong. <ref name="Trajtenberg-2002">{{Cite book |last=Trajtenberg |first=Manuel |year=2002 |title=Patents, Citations, and Innovations: A Window on the Knowledge Economy |url=https://direct.mit.edu/books/book/2593/Patents-Citations-and-InnovationsA-Window-on-the |last2=Jaffe |first2=Adam B. |publisher=[[MIT Press]] |isbn=978-0-262-27623-8 |pages=89–153 |doi=10.7551/mitpress/5263.001.0001 |access-date=February 2, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230202174803/https://direct.mit.edu/books/book/2593/Patents-Citations-and-InnovationsA-Window-on-the |archive-date=February 2, 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Ka maemong a 2013 a meneelo ya Wikimedia e kwadilwe jaaka e le didolara di le dikadikadike di le masome a mane ke botlhano, <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=Peters |first=David |last2=Walsh |first2=Jay |year=2013 |title=Wikimedia Foundation 2012–13 Annual Report |url=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Wmf_AR12_v11_SHIP_2pp_hyper_14jan14.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210114540/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Wmf_AR12_v11_SHIP_2pp_hyper_14jan14.pdf |archive-date=February 10, 2023 |access-date=February 2, 2023 |website=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> selekanyo sa tekanyetso se se badilweng se se akantshitsweng ke Jaffe sa go beeletsa gape mo dipatlisisong le mo tlhabololong se fa gare ga didolara di le 1.8.&nbsp;dimilione le 11.3&nbsp; milione ka ngwaga. <ref name="Trajtenberg-2002" /> Ka 2019, selekanyo sa meneelo se ne sa begwa ke Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia gore ke didikadike tsa di dolara di le lekgolo le masome a mabedi ka ngwaga, <ref group="W">{{Cite web |year=2020 |title=2019 to 2020 Annual Report – Statement of Activities – Audited (July 1, 2019 – June 30, 2020) |url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/about/annualreport/2020-annual-report/financials/#section-2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230202174803/https://wikimediafoundation.org/about/annualreport/2020-annual-report/financials/#section-2 |archive-date=February 2, 2023 |access-date=February 2, 2023 |website=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> go tlhabolola dipalokakanyetso tsa ga Jaffe tsa maemo a a kwa godimo a tshegetso go nna magareng ga dimilione di le $3.08 le 19,2&nbsp;milione ka ngwaga. <ref name="Trajtenberg-2002" />[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|alt=Wikipedia Library logo|thumb|Sekano sa motlobo wa dibuka wa Wikipedia]] === Dikgatiso tsa dikgang tse di mo teng === Mananeo a le mantsi a Wikimedia a na le dikgatiso tsa dikgang tsa mo teng. Lekwalodikgang la mo inthaneteng la [[Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia]] ''la The Signpost'' le ne la tlhongwa ka 2005 ke Michael Snow, motsamaisi wa Wikipedia yo o neng a tla nna leloko la khuduthamaga ya batlhokomedi ba Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia ka 2008. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCarthy |first=Caroline |date=July 18, 2008 |title=Wikimedia Foundation edits its board of trustees |url=https://www.cnet.com/culture/wikimedia-foundation-edits-its-board-of-trustees/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160301224408/https://www.cnet.com/news/wikimedia-foundation-edits-its-board-of-trustees/ |archive-date=March 1, 2016 |access-date=February 2, 2023 |website=[[CNET]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|archiveurl=Noam Cohen}}</ref> Kgatiso e e akaretsa dikgang le ditiragalo go tswa kwa Wikipedia ya Sekgoa, Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia, le [[Wikimedia Foundation|mananeo a mangwe a Wikipedia]] . === Motlobo wa dibuka wa Wikipedia === Bakwadi ba Wikipedia ka dinako tse dingwe ba sokola go fitlhelela metswedi e e duelwang e e tlhokegang go tokafatsa dikwalo. {{sfn|McDowell|Vetter|2022|page=64}}Motlobo wa dibuka wa Wikipedia ke motswedi wa bakwadi ba Wikipedia o o nayang phitlhelelo ya mahala ya dikgatiso tse dintsi tsa mo maranyaneng, gore ba kgone go leba le go di nopola fa ba ntse ba kwala mo ensaetlolopedieng . <ref name="orlowitz">{{Cite journal |last=Orlowitz |first=Jake |date=January 2018 |title=The Wikipedia Library: the biggest encyclopedia needs a digital library and we are building it |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327963422 |url-status=live |journal=JLIS.it |volume=9 |issue=3 |doi=10.4403/jlis.it-12505 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240428132509/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327963422_The_wikipedia_library_The_biggest_encyclopedia_needs_a_digital_library_and_we_are_building_it |archive-date=April 28, 2024 |access-date=February 2, 2023 |via=[[ResearchGate]]}}</ref> Bagatisi ba feta masome a marataro ba tlhophile go dirisana mmogo le motlobo wa dibuka wa Wikipedia go tlamela ka phitlhelelo ya didirisiwa tsa bone: fa ICE Publishing e ne ya kopana go dira le bone ka 2020, mmueledi o ne a re "Ka go kgontsha bakwadi ba Wikipedia go fitlhelela diteng tsa rona mahala, re solofela go tsweledisa pele didirisiwa tse morafe o wa batlisisi ba di didirisang- ba kwala le go baakanya dikwalo tsa ditlhogo tsa Civil Engineering tse di balwang ke babadi ba le diketekete kgwedi le kgwedi." <ref name="hall">{{Cite web |last=Hall |first=Sam |date=June 24, 2020 |title=ICE Publishing partners with The Wikipedia Library |url=https://www.icevirtuallibrary.com/page/ice-news/106-wikipedia-library |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221113161530/https://www.icevirtuallibrary.com/page/ice-news/106-wikipedia-library |archive-date=November 13, 2022 |access-date=October 26, 2021 |website=ICE Virtual Library}}</ref> == Refferences == <references /> == Phitlhelelo ya diteng == === Teseletso ya diteng === Fa lenaneo le le simololwa ka 2001, mafoko otlhe mo Wikipedia a ne a akarediwa ke GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL), e leng teseletso ya Copyleft e e letlang go anamisiwa gape, go tlhamiwa ga dibuka tse di tswang mo go yone, le go dirisiwa ga diteng ga kgwebo fa bakwadi ba ntse ba na le tshwanelo ya tiro ya bone. GFDL e diretswe dibukana tsa tiriso tsa sofotewere tse di tlang le mananeo asofotewere ya mahala tse di nang le teseletso ka fa tlase ga GPL . Se se dirile gore e nne tshwetso e e bokoa ya bukana ya tshupiso ka kakaretso: ka sekai, GFDL e tlhoka gore dikgatiso gape tsa didirisiwa go tswa mo Wikipedia di tle le moriti o o feletseng ya mokwalo wa GFDL. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Frequently Asked Questions about the GNU Licenses |url=https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-faq.en.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220318014154/https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-faq.en.html |archive-date=March 18, 2022 |access-date=February 2, 2023 |website=GNU Operating System |publisher=[[Free Software Foundation]]}}</ref> Ka Sedimonthole 2002, go ne ga gololwa teseletso ya Creative Commons ; e ne e diretswe ditiro tsa botlhami ka kakaretso, e seng fela dibukana tsa tiriso tsa sofotewere. Lenaneo la Wikipedia le ne la batla go fetogela kwa Creative Commons. <ref name="WPF switch to CC" group="W">{{Cite web |last=Vermeir |first=Walter |date=December 1, 2007 |title=Resolution:License update |url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Resolution:License_update |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110903084619/http://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Resolution:License_update |archive-date=September 3, 2011 |access-date=December 4, 2007 |website=Wikimedia Foundation}}</ref> Ka gore GFDL le Creative Commons di ne di sa tsamaisane, ka Ngwanatseele 2008, morago ga kopo ya lenaneo, Mokgatlho wa Sofotewere ya Mahala (FSF) o ne wa golola mofuta o mosha wa GFDL o o neng o diretswe ka tlhamalalo go letla Wikipedia go naya CC BY-SA teseletso ya diteng tsa yone ka Phatwe 1, 2009 Ka Moranang 2009, Wikipedia le mananeo a yone a dingwe di ne tsa tshwara referantamo ya baagi botlhe, e e neng ya dira tshwetso ya go fetola ka Seetebosigo 2009. <ref name="MW licensing QA" group="W">{{Cite web |title=Licensing update/Questions and Answers |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Licensing_update/Questions_and_Answers |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200716170801/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Licensing_update/Questions_and_Answers |archive-date=July 16, 2020 |access-date=February 15, 2009 |website=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki}}</ref> <ref name="MW licensing timeline 1" group="W">{{Cite web |title=Licensing_update/Timeline |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Licensing_update/Timeline |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220817062932/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Licensing_update/Timeline |archive-date=August 17, 2022 |access-date=April 5, 2009 |website=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki}}</ref> <ref name="WP blog license migration" group="W">{{Cite web |last=Walsh |first=Jay |date=May 21, 2009 |title=Wikimedia community approves license migration |url=https://diff.wikimedia.org/2009/05/21/wikimedia-community-approves-license-migration |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210113042618/https://diff.wikimedia.org/2009/05/21/wikimedia-community-approves-license-migration/ |archive-date=January 13, 2021 |access-date=May 21, 2009 |website=Diff |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Go tshwarwa ga dithoto tsa ditshwantsho (sekai, dithoto tsa dinepe) go a farologana go ralala dikgatiso tsa puo. Dikgatiso tse dingwe tsa puo, jaaka Wikipedia ya Sekgoa, di akaretsa dithoto tsa ditshwantsho tse e seng tsa mahala ka fa tlase ga thuto ya tiriso e e siameng, <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Wikipedia:Non-free content |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Non-free_content |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230127162916/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Non-free_content |archive-date=January 27, 2023 |access-date=February 2, 2023 |website=Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> fa tse dingwe di tlhophile go se dire jalo, bontlhabongwe jwa lebaka e le ka ntlha ya go tlhoka dithuto tsa tiriso e e siameng mo mafatsheng a bone (sekai, mo molaong wa ditshwanelo tsa botlhami wa Japane ). Dithoto tsa ditshwantsho/bobegadikgang tse di akareditsweng ke diteseletso tsa diteng tsa mahala (sekai, Creative Commons ' CC BY-SA ) di abelanwa go ralala dikgatiso tsa puo ka polokelo ya Wikimedia Commons, e leng lenaneo le le tsamaisiwang ke Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Commons:Fair use |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Fair_use |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230131061136/https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Fair_use |archive-date=January 31, 2023 |access-date=February 2, 2023 |website=Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia |publisher=[[Wikimedia Commons]]}}</ref> Go amogela ga Wikipedia ga melao e e farologaneng ya boditšhabatšhaba ya ditshwanelo tsa botlhami mabapi le ditshwantsho go dirile gore bangwe ba lemoge gore go akaretsa ga yone ga dikgang tsa dinepe go saletse kwa morago ga boleng jwa mokwalo wa ensaetlolopedia e. <ref name="NYT photos on WP">{{Cite news|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130308110221/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/07/20/arts/20funny.html|title=Wikipedia May Be a Font of Facts, but It's a Desert for Photos|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/07/20/arts/20funny.html|access-date=March 9, 2013|archivedate=March 8, 2013}}</ref> Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia ga se moabi wa diteseletso tsa diteng mo Wikipedia kgotsa mananeo a a amanang le one mme ke tirelo fela ya go amogela batho ba ba nang le seabe mo Wikipedia le ba ba o nayang diteseletso, e leng maemo a a neng a sirelediwa ka katlego ka 2004 kwa kgotlatshekelo kwa Fora. <ref name="reuters French defamation case">{{Cite news|title=Wikipedia cleared in French defamation case|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/internetNews/idUSL0280486220071102|access-date=November 2, 2007}}</ref> <ref name="ars tech WP dumb suing case">{{Cite web |last=Anderson |first=Nate |date=May 2, 2008 |title=Dumb idea: suing Wikipedia for calling you "dumb" |url=https://arstechnica.com/news.ars/post/20080502-dumb-idea-suing-wikipedia-for-calling-you-dumb.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110806121938/http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/news/2008/05/dumb-idea-suing-wikipedia-for-calling-you-dumb.ars |archive-date=August 6, 2011 |access-date=May 4, 2008 |website=[[Ars Technica]]}}</ref> === Mefuta ya phitlhelelo === Ka gore diteng tsa Wikipedia di anamisiwa ka fa tlase ga teseletso e e bulegileng, mongwe le mongwe o ka di dirisa gape kgotsa a di anamisa gape ntle le go duedisiwa. Diteng tsa Wikipedia di gatisitswe ka mefuta e le mentsi, mo inthaneteng le kwa ntle ga inthanete, kwa ntle ga webosaete ya Wikipedia. Go na le diketekete tsa " mafelo a a tshwanang " a a gatisang gape diteng go tswa mo Wikipedia; tse pedi tse di tlhageletseng tse gape di akaretsang diteng tse di tswang mo metsweding e mengwe ke Reference.com le Answers.com . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Reference.com Expands Content by Adding Wikipedia Encyclopedia to Search Capabilities |url=http://www.lexico.com/about/pr20050915.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090225094122/http://www.lexico.com/about/pr20050915.html |archive-date=February 25, 2009 |website=Lexico Publishing Group, LLC}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Definition of Answers.com |url=https://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia/term/answerscom |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203151141/https://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia/term/answerscom |archive-date=February 3, 2023 |access-date=February 3, 2023 |website=[[PCMag]]}}</ref> Sekai se sengwe ke Wapedia, e e neng ya simolola go bontsha diteng tsa Wikipedia ka mofuta o o siametseng tiriso ya mogala wa letheka pele ga Wikipedia ka boyone e dira jalo. <ref name=":16" group="W">{{Cite web |last=Seifi |first=Joe |date=August 27, 2007 |title=Wapedia review |url=https://appsafari.com/utilities/1144/wapedia/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220423185926/https://appsafari.com/utilities/1144/wapedia/ |archive-date=April 23, 2022 |access-date=February 2, 2023 |website=appSafari}}</ref> Dienjini dingwe tsa patlo tsa webo di dirisa diteng tsa Wikipedia ka tsela e e kgethegileng fa di bontsha maduo a patlo: dikai tsa tsone di akaretsa Microsoft Bing ( ka maranyane a a tserweng mo Powerset ) le DuckDuckGo . Dikokoanyo tsa dikwalo tsa Wikipedia di gatisitsee mo disking tsa pono . Mofuta wa Sekgoa o o neng wa gololwa ka 2006 o ne o na le dikwalo di ka nna dikete di le pedi. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Wikipedia 0.5 available on a CD-ROM |url=http://www.wikipediaondvd.com/site.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130602060411/http://www.wikipediaondvd.com/site.php |archive-date=June 2, 2013 |website=Wikipedia On DVD}}</ref> Mofuta wa puo ya Se-Polish go tloga ka 2006 o na le dikwalo di ka nna dikete di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a le mane, <ref name="WM polish WP on dvd" group="W">{{Cite web |title=Polish Wikipedia on DVD |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Polska_Wikipedia_na_DVD_%28z_Helionem%29/en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221229040017/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Polska_Wikipedia_na_DVD_(z_Helionem)/en |archive-date=December 29, 2022 |access-date=December 26, 2008 |website=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki}}</ref> mofuta wa puo ya Sejeremane go tloga ka 2007/2008 o na le dikwalo di feta dikete di le makgolo a le marataro le masome a mabedi, mme mofuta wa puo ya Sepanishe go tloga ka 2011 o na le dikwalo di le dikete di le makgolo a le boferabobedi le masome a le boferabobedi le borataro. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=¿Qué es la CDPedia? |url=http://python.org.ar/pyar/Proyectos/CDPedia |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110702023520/http://python.org.ar/pyar/Proyectos/CDPedia |archive-date=July 2, 2011 |website=Py Ar |language=es}}</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, "Wikipedia ya Dikolo", motseletsele wa di-CD / di-DVD tsa Wikipedia tse di dirilweng ke Wikipedia le SOS Children, ke di tlhophilweng mahala go tswa mo Wikipedia e e diretsweng thuto ya bana ba dingwaga di le boferabobedi go ya go di le lesome le bosupa. <ref group="W">{{Cite news|title=2008–09 Wikipedia for Schools goes online|url=https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/2008-09_Wikipedia_for_Schools_goes_online}}</ref> Go nnile le maiteko a go tsenya karolwana e e tlhophilweng ya dikwalo tsa Wikipedia mo sebopegong sa buka e e gatisitsweng. <ref name="WP into books 1">{{Cite news|title=Wikipedia turned into book|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/howaboutthat/5549589/Wikipedia-turned-into-book.html|access-date=February 3, 2023}}</ref> <ref name="WP schools selection 1" group="W">{{Cite web |title=Wikipedia Selection for Schools |url=https://schools-wikipedia.org |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120804093730/https://schools-wikipedia.org/ |archive-date=August 4, 2012 |access-date=July 14, 2012 |website=Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Fa e sa le ka 2009, dibuka di le dikete di le masomesome tse di gatisitsweng fa di batliwa tse di thusitseng go dirwa ga dikwalo tsa Wikipedia tsa Sekgoa, Sejeremane, Se-Russia le Sefora di ile tsa gatisiwa ke kompone ya Amerika ya Books LLC le ke dikompone tse tharo tse di potlana tsa kwa Mauritius tsa mogatisi wa Jeremane VDM . Webosaete ya DBpedia, e e simolotsweng ka 2007, e ntsha tshedimosetso mo mabokosong a tshedimosetso le mo dipolelong tsa ditlhopha tsa Wikipedia ya puo ya Sekgoa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bizer |first=Christian |last2=Lehmann |first2=Jens |last3=Kobilarov |first3=Georgi |last4=Auer |first4=Sören |last5=Becker |first5=Christian |last6=Cyganiak |first6=Richard |last7=Hellmann |first7=Sebastian |date=September 2009 |title=DBpedia – A crystallization point for the Web of Data |journal=Journal of Web Semantics |volume=7 |issue=3 |pages=154–165 |citeseerx=10.1.1.150.4898 |doi=10.1016/j.websem.2009.07.002 |s2cid=16081721}}</ref> Wikimedia e tlhamile lenaneo la Wikidata ka maikaelelo a a tshwanang a go boloka dintlha tsa motheo go tswa mo tsebeng nngwe le nngwe ya Wikipedia le mananeo a mangwe a Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia le go e dira gore e nne teng ka sebopego sa bokao jo bo ka bodiwang, jwa RDF . <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Wikidata:Introduction |url=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Introduction |access-date=February 3, 2023 |website=Wikidata |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Go ema ka Tlhakole 2013, e na le diteng tse di fetang didikadike di le lesome. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Wikidata:Statistics |url=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Statistics |access-date=February 3, 2023 |website=Wikidata |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> WikiReader ke sediriswa se se kgethegileng se se balelang kwa godimo se se nang le moriti wa Wikipedia o o seng mo inthaneteng, e e neng ya simolodisawa ke OpenMoko mme ya gololwa la ntlha ka 2009. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=Moeller |first=Erik |date=October 13, 2009 |title=OpenMoko Launches WikiReader |url=https://diff.wikimedia.org/2009/10/13/openmoko-launches-wikireader/ |access-date=January 19, 2023 |website=Diff |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Go tsaya diteng tsotlhe tsa Wikipedia gore di dirisiwe gape go na le dikgwetlho, ka gore go dira ditshwantsho tse di tshwanang ka tlhamalalo ka Web crawler ga go rotloediwe. Wikipedia e gatisa " dithotobolo " tsa diteng tsa yone, mme tse ke tsa mafoko fela; go ema ka 2023 ga go na thotobolo e e leng teng ya ditshwantsho tsa Wikipedia. <ref name="WP image data dumps 1" group="W">{{Cite web |title=Data dumps/What's available for download |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Data_dumps/What%27s_available_for_download |access-date=February 3, 2023 |website=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki}}</ref> [[Wikimedia Foundation|Kgwebo ya Wikimedia]] ke tharabololo ya go dira dipoelo ka se. Dipuo di le mmalwa tsa Wikipedia le tsone di na le tafole ya dikgang, e mo go yone baithaopi ba arabang dipotso tse di bodiwang ke setšhaba. Go ya ka patlisiso e e dirilweng ke Pnina Shachaf mo ''Journal of Documentation'', boleng jwa tafole ya dikgang ya Wikipedia bo ka bapisiwa le tafole ya dikgang ya motlobo wa dibuka e e tlwaelesegileng, ka bonnete jwa masome a matlhano le botlhano mo lekgolong. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Shachaf |first=Pnina |date=October 16, 2009 |title=The paradox of expertise: is the Wikipedia Reference Desk as good as your library? |url=http://eprints.rclis.org/20329/1/Paradox%20of%20expertise-final.pdf |journal=Journal of Documentation |volume=65 |issue=6 |pages=977–996 |doi=10.1108/00220410910998951}}</ref> ==== Phitlhelelo ka mogala wa letheka ==== [[File:Wikipedia_on_Mobile_screenshot_(2024)_(cropped).png|thumb|Mogala wa letheka o o bontshang Tsebekgolo ya Wikipedia ya Sekgoa ka Phalane malatsi a le mabedi, 2024]] [[File:Wikipedia_page_views_by_device_type.webp|thumb|Dipono tsa tsebe ya Wikipedia go ya ka lefelo]] Sedirisiwa sa ntlha sa Wikipedia e ne e le gore badirisi ba kgone go bala le go kwaditeng tsa yone ba dirisa sedirisiwa fela sa patlo se se tlwaelesegileng sa webo ka kgolagano e e tlhomameng ya inthanete . Le fa diteng tsa Wikipedia di ntse di fitlhelelwa ka webo ya mogala wa letheka fa e sale ka Phukwi 2013, ''The New York Times'' ka Tlhakole 9, 2014, e ne ya nopola Erik Möller, mothusa mookamedi wa Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia, e bolela gore phetogo ya pharakano ya inthanete go tswa mo dikhompiutareng go ya kwa megaleng ya letheka e ne e le tona e bile e le selo se se bakang matshwenyego. Setlhogo sa ''The New York Times'' se ne sa bega dipalopalo tsa tshwantshanyo tsa diphetogo tse di dirwang ka mogala wa letheka a bolela gore, "Ke palo ya masome a le mabedi mo lekgolong ya babadi ba Wikipedia ya puo ya Sekgoa ba ba balang dikwalo ka megala ya letheka, palo e e kwa tlase thata go na le palo ya pharakano megala ya letheka mo mafelong a mangwe a bobegakgang, a bontsi jwa one a tsamaelang palo ya sephatlo mo lekgolong. Mme go fetogela kwa megaleng ya letheka go ntse bonya le go feta." Ka 2014 ''The New York Times'' e begile gore Möller o abetse "setlhopha sa batlhami ba disofotewere ba le lesome ba ba remelelang mo tirisong ya megala ya letheka", mo palong yotlhe ya babereki ba ka nna makgolo a le mabedi ba ba berekang kwa Mokgatlhong wa Wikimedia. Nngwe ya matshwenyego a matona a a umakilweng ke ''The New York Times'' ka "go tlhabaela" ke gore Wikipedia e rarabolole ka katlego mathata le palo ya bakwadi ba ensaetlolopedia ya mo inthaneteng e ba gogelang go kwala le go tlhokomela diteng tsa yone ka mogala wa letheka. <ref name="small screen"/> Ka 2023, babereki ba Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia ba ne ba godile go nna babereki ba ba fetang makgolo a le masupa. <ref name="WF10.23.23">{{Cite web |last=Seitz-Gruwell |first=Lisa |author-link=Lisa Seitz-Gruwell |date=October 23, 2023 |title=7 reasons you should donate to Wikipedia |url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2022/11/03/7-reasons-you-should-donate-to-wikipedia/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241008212455/https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/10/23/7-reasons-you-should-donate-to-wikipedia/ |archive-date=October 8, 2024 |access-date=December 27, 2023 |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Phitlhelelo ya Wikipedia ka mogala wa letheka e ne ya kgonega go tloga ka 2004, ka Porothokholo ya Wireless Application (WAP), ka tirelo ya Wapedia . <ref name=":16" group="W"/> Ka Seetebosigo 2007, Wikipedia e ne ya simolola en.mobile.wikipedia.org, e leng webosaete ya semmuso ya didirisiwa tse di senang megala. Ka 2009, go ne ga gololwa semmuso tirelo e ntšha ya megala ya letheka, e e mo go en.m.wikipedia.org, e e direlang megala ya letheka e e gatetseng pele thata e tshwana le iPhone, didirisiwa tsa Android, kgotsa didiriswa tsa WebOS . <ref name="WM mobile added 1" group="W">{{Cite web |date=June 30, 2009 |title=Wikimedia Mobile is Officially Launched |url=https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2009/06/wikimedia-mobile-launch |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100111101614/http://techblog.wikimedia.org/2009/06/wikimedia-mobile-launch/ |archive-date=January 11, 2010 |access-date=July 22, 2009 |website=Wikimedia Technical Blog |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Mekgwa e mengwe e le mmalwa ya go fitlhelela Wikipedia ka mogala wa letheka e ile ya bonala fa e sa le ka nako eo. Didiriswa le ditiriso di le dintsi di tokafatsa go bontshiwa ga diteng tsa Wikipedia mo megaleng ya letheka, fa tse dingwe gape di akaretsa ditiriso tse dingwe di tshwana le tiriso ya tshedimosetso ya Wikipedia e e tshwanang le tshedimosetso ya lefatshe . <ref name="androgeoid.com LPOI WP 1">{{Cite web |date=May 15, 2011 |title=Local Points Of Interest In Wikipedia |url=https://androgeoid.com/2011/04/local-points-of-interest-in-wikipedia |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110601092809/http://androgeoid.com/2011/04/local-points-of-interest-in-wikipedia/ |archive-date=June 1, 2011 |access-date=May 15, 2011 |website=AndroGeoid}}</ref> <ref name="ilounge iphone gems WP">{{Cite web |last=Hollington |first=Jesse David |date=November 30, 2008 |title=iPhone Gems: Wikipedia Apps |url=https://www.ilounge.com/index.php/articles/comments/15802 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090112235945/http://www.ilounge.com/index.php/articles/comments/15802/ |archive-date=January 12, 2009 |access-date=July 22, 2008 |website=iLounge}}</ref> App ya Android ya Wikipedia e ne ya gololwa ka Firikgong 2012, e ne ya tsenngwa ke batho ba ba fetang dikete di le makgolo a le matlhano le gape e nae dikakgelo tsa ditshekatsheko tse di siameng, mme ya bona maduo a a fetang bone mo botlhanong mo patlisisong ya badirisi ba ka nna dikete di le makgolo a mabedi 200 000 ba ba neng ba e tsenya go tswa mo Google. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |last=Finc |first=Tomasz |date=January 26, 2012 |title=Announcing the Official Wikipedia Android App |url=https://diff.wikimedia.org/2012/01/26/announcing-the-official-wikipedia-android-app/ |access-date=February 3, 2023 |website=Diff |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Wikipedia |url=https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.wikipedia&hl=en |access-date=February 3, 2023 |website=[[Google Play]]}}</ref> Mofuta wa iOS o ne wa gololwa ka Moranang a le boraro, 2013, mme wa nna le tshekatsheko e e tshwanang. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |date=August 4, 2014 |title=Wikipedia Mobile on the App Store on iTunes |url=https://apps.apple.com/us/app/wikipedia-mobile/id324715238 |access-date=August 21, 2014 |website=[[App Store (iOS/iPadOS)]] |publisher=[[Apple Inc.]]}}</ref> [[Wikipedia Zero (Setswana)|Wikipedia Zero]] e ne e le maiteko a Mokgatlho wa Wikimedia a go atolosa phitlhelelo ya ensaetlolopedia e kwa mafatsheng a a santseng a tlhabologa ka go dirisana le badiredi ba ditirelo tsa megala ya letheka go letla phitlhelelo ya mahala. <ref name=":17" group="W" /> <ref>{{Cite news|last=Ellis|first=Justin|date=January 17, 2013|title=Wikipedia plans to expand mobile access around the globe with new funding|url=https://www.niemanlab.org/2013/01/wikipedia-plans-to-expand-mobile-access-around-the-globe-with-new-funding|access-date=April 22, 2013|work=Nieman Lab}}</ref> E ne ya emisiwa ka Tlhakole 2018 ka ntlha ya go tlhoka go tsaya karolo ga badiredi ba ditirelo tsa megala ya letheka. <ref name=":17" group="W">{{Cite web |date=February 16, 2018 |title=Building for the future of Wikimedia with a new approach to partnerships |url=https://diff.wikimedia.org/2018/02/16/partnerships-new-approach/ |access-date=May 12, 2019 |website=Diff |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Andrew Lih le Andrew Brown ka bobedi ba dumela gore go kwala mo Wikipedia ka megala ya letheka go thata, mme se se kgoba marapo batho ba basha ba ba ka eletsang go tsenya letsogo. <ref name="Lih-2015" /> <ref name="Brown-2015" /> Lih o bolela gore palo ya bakwadi ba Wikipedia e ntse e a fokotsega morago ga dingwaga di le mmalwa, <ref name="Lih-2015" /> mme Tom Simonite wa ''MIT Technology Review'' o bolela gore popego le melao ke yone e e dirang se. Simonite a re bangwe badirisi [[Morafe wa Wikipedia|ba Wikipedia]] ba dirisa melao le dikaelo tsa go laola ba bangwe mme bakwadi bao ba na le kgatlhego e e tseneletseng ya go nna fela ka boitshwaro jo bo ntseng jalo. <ref name="Simonite-2013"/> Lih o boletse gore go na le go sa dumalane magareng ga batsayakarolo ba ba leng teng gore se se ka rarabololwa jang. Lih o tshogela bokamoso jwa Wikipedia jwa nako e telele fa Brown ene a tshaba gore mathata a Wikipedia a tla nna a le teng, mme diensaetlolopedia tse di gaisanang le yone ga di kitla ka e ema pele. <ref name="Lih-2015">{{Cite news|last=Lih|first=Andrew|date=June 20, 2015|title=Can Wikipedia Survive?|newspaper=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/21/opinion/can-wikipedia-survive.html|access-date=February 3, 2023}}</ref> <ref name="Brown-2015">{{Cite news|last=Brown|first=Andrew|date=June 25, 2015|title=Wikipedia editors are a dying breed. The reason? Mobile|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/jun/25/wikipedia-editors-dying-breed-mobile-smartphone-technology-online-encyclopedia|access-date=February 3, 2023}}</ref> === Phitlhelelo kwa China === Phitlhelelo ya Wikipedia e thibetswe kwa boremelelong jwa China fa e sa le ka Motsheganong 2015. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Henochowicz |first=Anne |date=May 20, 2015 |title=Chinese Wikipedia Blocked by Great Firewall |url=https://chinadigitaltimes.net/2015/05/chinese-wikipedia-blocked-by-great-firewall/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170504212406/https://chinadigitaltimes.net/2015/05/chinese-wikipedia-blocked-by-great-firewall/ |archive-date=May 4, 2017 |access-date=May 4, 2017 |website=[[China Digital Times]]}}</ref> Se se ne sa dirwa morago ga gore Wikipedia e simolole go dirisa encryption ya HTTPS, e e neng ya dira gore go bipa dilo dingwe go nne thata. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Perez |first=Sarah |date=June 12, 2015 |title=The Wikimedia Foundation Turns On HTTPS By Default Across All Sites, Including Wikipedia |url=https://techcrunch.com/2015/06/12/the-wikimedia-foundation-turns-on-https-by-default-across-all-sites-including-wikipedia/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200824001601/https://techcrunch.com/2015/06/12/the-wikimedia-foundation-turns-on-https-by-default-across-all-sites-including-wikipedia/ |archive-date=August 24, 2020 |access-date=June 3, 2020 |website=[[TechCrunch]]}}</ref> == Tlhotlheletso ya yone == === Motswedi o o ikanyegang wa go lwantsha dikgang tse di seng boammaaruri === Ka 2017–18, morago ga go tlhatloga ga dipeo tsa maaka, Facebook le YouTube ka bobedi di ne tsa itsise gore di tla ikaega ka Wikipedia go thusa badirisi ba tsone go sekaseka dipego le go gana dikgang tsa maaka. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hughes |first=Taylor |last2=Smith |first2=Jeff |last3=Leavitt |first3=Alex |date=April 3, 2018 |title=Helping People Better Assess the Stories They See in News Feed with the Context Button |url=https://about.fb.com/news/2018/04/news-feed-fyi-more-context/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230111152311/https://about.fb.com/news/2018/04/news-feed-fyi-more-context/ |archive-date=January 11, 2023 |access-date=January 23, 2023 |website=[[Meta Platforms|Meta]]}}</ref> <ref name="Cohen-2018" /> Noam Cohen, fa a kwala mo go ''The Washington Post'' o ne a re, "Go ikaega ga YouTube ka Wikipedia go baakanya seemo go akantsha ka lefelo le lengwe le le tlhokang dikgang tse di boammaaruri, e leng neteweke ya botsalano ya Facebook, e e neng ya itsise ngogola gore Wikipedia e tla thusa badirisi ba yone go tlosa ' dikgang tse di seng boammaaruri '." <ref name="Cohen-2018">{{Cite news|archiveurl=Noam Cohen}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Constine |first=Josh |date=April 3, 2018 |title=Facebook fights fake news with author info, rolls out publisher context |url=https://techcrunch.com/2018/04/03/facebook-author-info/ |access-date=July 15, 2021 |website=[[TechCrunch]]}}</ref> === Babadi === Ka Tlhakole 2014, ''The New York Times'' e ne ya bega gore Wikipedia e ne e le mo maemong a botlhano mo lefatsheng lotlhe mo diwebosaeteng tsotlhe, e bolela gore "Ka dipono tsa ditsebe di le didikadike di le lesome le boferabobedi le palo e e ka nnang dikadikadike di le makgolo a le matlhano ya baeng ba ba kgethegileng ka kgwedi,&nbsp;... Wikipedia e latela fela Yahoo, Facebook, Microsoft, le Google, e leng yone e tona go di feta tsotlhe e na le &nbsp;baeng ba ba kgethegileng ba le didikadike di le 1.2." <ref name="small screen"/> Le fa go ntse jalo, maemo a yone a ne a wela kwa tlase go ya kwa maemong a bolesome le boraro lefatshe ka bophara ka Seetebosigo 2020 ka ntlha ya go tlhatloga ga go tuma ga diwebosaete tsa China tsa go reka dithoto mo inthaneteng. <ref name="Alexa"/> Webosaete e e ne ya boela mo maemong a yone go tloga ka Moranang 2022. <ref name="Alexa" /> Mo godimo ga kgolo ya palo ya dikwalo tsa yone, Wikipedia e kgonne go ipaya mo maemong a go nna webosaete ya metswedi ka kakaretso fa e sa le e tlhongwa ka 2001. Palo ya babadi ba Wikipedia lefatshe ka bophara e fitlheletse didikadike di le makgolo a mararo le masome a marataro le botlhano kwa bokhutlong jwa 2009. <ref name="365M" group="W">{{Cite web |last=West |first=Stuart |date=2010 |title=Wikipedia's Evolving Impact: slideshow presentation at TED2010 |url=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/TED2010%2C_Stuart_West_full_presentation_updated_with_January_data.pdf |access-date=February 3, 2023 |website=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> Lenaneo la Inthanete Pew le Botshelo jwa Amerika le ne ya fitlhela gore bongwetharo jwa badirisi ba Inthanete ba kwa United States ba ne ba etela Wikipedia. Ka 2011, ''Business Insider'' e ne ya fa Wikipedia tlhwatlhwa ya didikadike tsa didolara di le nne fa e ne e letlelela di-ipapatso. <ref>{{Cite web |last=SAI |date=October 7, 2011 |title=The World's Most Valuable Startups |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/2011-digital-100#7-wikimedia-foundation-wikipedia-7 |access-date=June 14, 2014 |website=Business Insider}}</ref> Go ya ka "Patlisiso ya Babadi ba Wikipedia ya 2011", palogare ya dingwaga tsa babadi ba Wikipedia masome a mararo le borataro , ka tekatekano e e ka nnang teng fa gare ga bong. Mo e ka nnang sephatlo sa babadi ba Wikipedia ba etela lefelo le makgetho a a fetang botlhano ka kgwedi, mme palo e e tshwanang ya babadi ba batla Wikipedia ka tlhamalalo mo maduong a bone mo dienjeneng tsa tshenko. Mo e ka nnang palo ya masome a le mane le bosupa mo lekgolong (47%) ya babadi ba Wikipedia ga ba lemoge gore Wikipedia ke mokgatlho o o sa direng dipoelo. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |date=February 6, 2012 |title=Research: Wikipedia Readership Survey 2011/Results – Meta |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Research:Wikipedia_Readership_Survey_2011/Results |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131209125719/https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Research:Wikipedia_Readership_Survey_2011/Results |archive-date=December 9, 2013 |access-date=April 16, 2014 |website=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki}}</ref> Go ema ka Tlhakole 2023, Wikipedia e ngoka didirisiwa tse di kgethegileng di le didikadike di le pedi kgwedi le kgwedi, mme Wikipedia ya Sekgoa e amogela&nbsp;dipono tsa ditsebe di le didikadike di le lesome kgwedi le kgwedi. <ref name="Wikimedia_Stats" group="W">{{Cite web |title=Wikistats – Statistics For Wikimedia Projects |url=https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/all-wikipedia-projects |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200711051858/https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/all-wikipedia-projects |archive-date=July 11, 2020 |access-date=August 8, 2023 |website=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> ==== Bolwetsi jwa Covid-19 ==== Ka nako ya [[Bolwetse jwa Mogare wa Khorona 2019|bolwetsi jwa lefatshe lotlhe jwa Covid-19]], go bega ga leroborobo le ga Wikipedia le ntwa kgatlhanong le tshedimosetso e e seng boammaaruri go ne ga elwa tlhoko ke babegadikgang ba ditšhabatšhaba, mme ga tlisa koketsego ya babadi ba Wikipedia ka kakaretso. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Dodds|first=Laurence|date=April 3, 2020|title=Why Wikipedia is winning against the coronavirus 'infodemic'-GB|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/2020/04/03/wikipedia-winning-against-coronavirus-infodemic/|access-date=February 3, 2023|issn=0307-1235}}</ref> Noam Cohen o ne a kwala mo ''Wired'' gore maiteko a Wikipedia a go lwantsha tshedimosetso e e seng nnete e e amanang le leroborobo le a ne a farologana le a diwebosaete tse dingwe tse ditona, a re, "Ntle le fa Twitter, Facebook le tse dingwe di ka ithuta go rarabolola tshedimosetso e e semg boammaaruri ka tsela e e botoka thata, Wikipedia e tla nna lefelo la bofelo le le gaisang mo Inthaneteng." <ref name="Cohen-2020" /> Ka Phalane 2020, [[World Health Organisation|Mokgatlho wa Lefatshe Lotlhe wa Botsogo]] o wa dira kitsiso ya gore o ntsha ka kgololesego teseletso ya ditshwantsho tsa ithunthuntso tsa one le dilo tse dingwe go dirisiwa mo mananeong a Wikimedia. <ref>{{Cite news|date=October 22, 2020|title=Wikipedia and W.H.O. Join to Combat Covid-19 Misinformation|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/22/health/wikipedia-who-coronavirus-health.html|access-date=February 3, 2023}}</ref> Go ne go na le dikwalo tsa Wikipedia tse di amanang le COVID-19 di ka nna dikete di le bosupa mo diWikipedia go ralala DiWikipedia tse di lekgolo le masome a le boferabobedi le boferabobedi tse di farologaneng, go ema ka Ngwanatseele 2021. <sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;">[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia&action=edit &#x5B; tlhabolola &#x5D;]</sup> [[Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from November 2021]] [[Category:All articles containing potentially dated statements]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kenton |first=Amanda |last2=Humborg |first2=Christian |date=November 29, 2021 |title=Digital regulation must empower people to make the internet better |url=https://techcrunch.com/2021/11/28/digital-regulation-must-empower-people-to-make-the-internet-better/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220530140630/https://techcrunch.com/2021/11/28/digital-regulation-must-empower-people-to-make-the-internet-better/ |archive-date=May 30, 2022 |access-date=February 3, 2023 |website=[[TechCrunch]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFKentonHumborg2021">Kenton, Amanda; Humborg, Christian (November 29, 2021). [https://techcrunch.com/2021/11/28/digital-regulation-must-empower-people-to-make-the-internet-better/ "Digital regulation must empower people to make the internet better"]. ''[[TechCrunch]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220530140630/https://techcrunch.com/2021/11/28/digital-regulation-must-empower-people-to-make-the-internet-better/ Archived] from the original on May 30, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 3,</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Wales |first=Jimmy |date=August 26, 2021 |title=Learning to trust the internet again |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2021/8/26/learning-to-trust-the-internet-again |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210827002411/https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2021/8/26/learning-to-trust-the-internet-again |archive-date=August 27, 2021 |access-date=February 3, 2023 |website=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFWales2021">Wales, Jimmy (August 26, 2021). [https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2021/8/26/learning-to-trust-the-internet-again "Learning to trust the internet again"]. ''[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210827002411/https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2021/8/26/learning-to-trust-the-internet-again Archived] from the original on August 27, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 3,</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> === Bokao jwa Tlhotlheletso === [[File:Wikipedia_Monument_2.JPG|thumb|''Sefikantswe sa Wikipedia'' kwa Słubice, kwa Poland, se se dirilweng ke Mihran Hakobyan (2014)]] Diteng tsa Wikipedia gape di ile tsa dirisiwa mo dithutong, mo dibukeng, mo diphuthegong, le mo dikgetsing tsa kgotlatshekelo. <ref name="ssrn.com Wikipedian Justice 1">{{Cite journal |last=Sharma |first=Raghav |date=February 19, 2009 |title=Wikipedian Justice |doi=10.2139/ssrn.1346311 |s2cid=233749371 |ssrn=1346311}}</ref> Webosaete ya Palamente ya Canada e bua ka lekwalo la Wikipedia le le buang ka lenyalo la batho ba bong jo bo tshwanang mo karolong ya " dikgokagano tse di amanang le se" mo lenaneong la yone la "dipadi tse dingwe" tsa ''Molao wa Lenyalo la Semmuso'' . <ref name="parl.gc.ca same-sex marriage">{{Cite web |title=An Act respecting certain aspects of legal capacity for marriage for civil purposes |url=https://www.parl.ca/LegisInfo/en/bill/38-1/C-38?view=about |access-date=February 3, 2023 |website=LEGISinfo |publisher=[[Parliament of Canada]]}}</ref> Dipolelo tsa ensaetlolopedia e di ntse di dirisiwa thata jaaka motswedi ke mekgatlho e tshwana le dikgotlatshekelo tsa puso ya United States le Mokgatlho wa Lefatshe Lotlhe wa Dithoto Tsa Botlhale jwa tlhaloganyo —le mororo bogolo jang e le go tshegetsa tshedimosetso fela go na le gore tshedimosetso e e dirisiwe go tsaya tshwetso mo kgetsing. Diteng tse di tlhagelelang mo Wikipedia le tsone di ile tsa umakiwa jaaka motswedi le go umakiwa mo dipegong dingwe tsa Mokgatlho wa go tsaya ditlholwa wa United States . Ka Sedimonthole 2008, lekwalodikgang la maranyane ''la RNA Biology'' le ne la simolola karolo e ntšha ya go tlhalosa malapa a dimolekhule tsa RNA mme le tlhoka gore bakwadi ba ba neng ba na le seabe mo karolong e le bone ba romele lekwalo le le kwadilweng ka lelapa la RNA gore se gatisiwe mo Wikipedia. Wikipedia gape e dirisitswe jaaka motswedi mo bobegadikgannyeng, <ref name="ajr.org WP in the newsroom">{{Cite news|last1=Shaw|first1=Donna|date=February–March 2008|title=Wikipedia in the Newsroom|url=https://www.ajr.org/Article.asp?id=4461|access-date=February 11, 2008}}</ref> gantsi kwantle ga go tlhalosiwa, mme babegadikgang ba le mmalwa ba ile ba kobiwa mo ditirong ka ntlha ya go utswa diteng mo Wikipedia . <ref name="shizuoka plagiarized WP 1">{{Cite news|title=Shizuoka newspaper plagiarized Wikipedia article|date=July 5, 2007|url=https://www.japannewsreview.com/society/chubu/20070705page_id=364}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|last1=Richter|first1=Bob|date=January 9, 2007|title=Express-News staffer resigns after plagiarism in column is discovered|url=https://www.mysanantonio.com/news/metro/stories/MYSA010307.02A.richter.132c153.html}}</ref> <ref name="starbulletin.com Inquiry prompts dismissal">{{Cite web |last=Bridgewater |first=Frank |title=Inquiry prompts reporter's dismissal |url=https://archives.starbulletin.com/2006/01/13/news/story03.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230128202726/https://archives.starbulletin.com/2006/01/13/news/story03.html |archive-date=January 28, 2023 |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=[[Honolulu Star-Bulletin]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Coscarelli |first=Joe |date=July 29, 2014 |title=Plagiarizing Wikipedia Is Still Plagiarism, at BuzzFeed or the New York Times |url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2014/07/new-york-times-buzzfeed-wikipedia-plagiarism.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220818021218/https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2014/07/new-york-times-buzzfeed-wikipedia-plagiarism.html |archive-date=August 18, 2022 |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=Intelligencer |publisher=[[New York (magazine)|New York]]}}</ref> Ka 2006, bukana ya ''Time'' e ne ya lemoga go nna le seabe ga Wikipedia (mmogo le YouTube, Reddit, MySpace, le Facebook) mo kgolong e e bonako ya tirisanommogo mo inthaneteng le dipuisano tsa didikadike tsa batho lefatshe ka bophara. Ka Lwetse 16, 2007, ''The Washington Post'' e ne ya bega gore Wikipedia e ne e le selo se se botlhokwa thata mo letsholong la ditlhopho la 2008 kwa United States, e bua e re: "Go kwala leina la ntlhopheng mo Google, mme magareng ga maduo a ntlha go na le tsebe ya Wikipedia, go dira gore se se nne botlhokwa fela jaaka ipapatso epe fela e e tlhalosang ntlhopheng. Go setse go kwalwa le baakangwa dikwalo ka bontlhopheng ba maemo a botautona go ngangisanwa ka tsone makgetho a le mantsi letsatsi le letsatsi." <ref name="WP.com WP election usage">{{Cite news|date=September 17, 2007|title=On Wikipedia, Debating 2008 Hopefuls' Every Facet|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/09/16/AR2007091601699_pf.html|access-date=December 26, 2008}}</ref> Lekwlo la Reuters la Phalane 2007, la setlhogo sa "Tsebe ya Wikipedia letshwao la bosheng la maemo", le ne la bega gore mo bosheng go nna le lekwalo la Wikipedia le le buang ka wena go netefatsa go itsege ga motho. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Ablan|first=Jennifer|date=October 22, 2007|title=Wikipedia page the latest status symbol|work=[[Reuters]]|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/domesticNews/idUSN2232893820071022?sp=true|access-date=October 24, 2007}}</ref> Lengwe la makgetho a ntlha a Wikipedia e neng ya nna le seabe mo kgannyeng ya puso e ne e le ka Lwetse 28, 2007, fa Mopolotiki wa Moitaly e bong Franco Grillini a ne a botsa tona wa metswedi le ditiro tsa setso ka ga tlhokego ya kgololesego ya go bona dilo tsotlhe . O boletse gore go tlhoka kgololesego e e ntseng jalo go ne ga pateletsa Wikipedia, "webosaete ya bosupa e e batliwang thata", go thibela ditshwantsho tsotlhe tsa dikago le botaki jwa segompieno jwa Italy, mme a bolela gore se se senya thata lotseno lwa bajanala. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Grillini |first=Franco |author-link=Franco Grillini |date=March 30, 2009 |title=Comunicato Stampa. On. Franco Grillini. Wikipedia. Interrogazione a Rutelli. Con "diritto di panorama" promuovere arte e architettura contemporanea italiana. Rivedere con urgenza legge copyright |trans-title=Press release. Honorable Franco Grillini. Wikipedia. Interview with Rutelli about the "right to view" promoting contemporary art and architecture of Italy. Review with urgency copyright law |url=https://www.grillini.it/show.php?4885 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090330141810/https://www.grillini.it/show.php?4885 |archive-date=March 30, 2009 |access-date=December 26, 2008 |language=it}}</ref> [[File:Wikipedia,_an_introduction_-_Erasmus_Prize_2015.webm|thumbtime=00:36.00|thumb|Wikipedia, matseno – Seetsele sa Erasmus sa 2015]] [[File:Quadriga-verleihung-rr-02.jpg|thumb|Jimmy Wales o amogela seetsele sa 2008 sa Quadriga sa ''Letsholo la Tshedimosetso'' mo boemong jwa Wikipedia.]] Setlhopha sa tiro se se neng se eteletswe pele ke Peter Stone ( se se neng se tlhamilwe jaaka karolo ya lenaneo kwa Stanford la Thutopatlisiso ya Dingwaga di le Lekgolo ka Botlhale jwa Maitirelo ) mo pegong ya sone se ne sa bitsa Wikipedia "sekai se se itsegeng thata sa go batla batho ba le bantsi .{{nbsp}}... se se fetang thata metswedi ya tshedimosetso e e kokoantsweng ka fa go tlwaelesegileng ka teng, e tshwana le diensaetlolopedia le dithanolo, ka selekanyo le boteng". <ref>{{Cite web |last=<!-- Staff writer(s); no by-line. --> |date=September 2016 |title=Artificial Intelligence and Life in 2030 |url=https://ai100.stanford.edu/2016-report/section-i-what-artificial-intelligence/ai-research-trends |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221208003001/https://ai100.stanford.edu/2016-report/section-i-what-artificial-intelligence/ai-research-trends |archive-date=December 8, 2022 |access-date=September 3, 2016 |website=One Hundred Year Study on Artificial Intelligence (AI100) |publisher=[[Stanford University]]}}</ref> Mo setlhogong sa kakanyo sa 2017 sa ''Wired'', Hossein Derakhshan o tlhalosa Wikipedia jaaka " nngwe ya dipilara tsa bofelo tse di setseng tsa webo e e bulegileng le e e sa tlhomamang " mme a bapisa go nna teng ga yone jaaka motswedi wa kitso e e theilweng mo dikwalong le ditirelo tsa dikgang le tsa neteweke ya botsalano, mme tsone di dirisiwa thata jaaka thelebishene. Mo go Derakhshan, maikaelelo a Wikipedia jaaka ensaetlolopedia a emela ngwao ya Motlha wa Tshedimoso wa go dirisa tlhaloganyo go fenya maikutlo, selo se a se tsayang se le "mo kotsing" ka ntlha ya "go fetoga ka iketlo go tswa mo setsong sa go kwala go ya kwa go sa go tsaya dinepe, se se rayang go fetoga go tswa mo tirisong ya tlhaloganyo go ya kwa maikutlong, go tsamaelana le bodiragatsi". Go na le " {{Lang|la|[[sapere aude]]}} " ( {{literal translation|dare to know|lk=on}} go batla go itse), dineteweke tsa botsalano di dirile gore go nne le setso sa "go se go nne le sebete sa go batla go itse". Se se diragala gape fa Wikipedia e lebagane le "bothata jo bo tshwenyang thata" go feta go tlamelwa ka madi, e leng "seelo se se fokotsegang sa kgolo ya palo ya ba ba tsenyang letsogo mo webosaeteng". Ka ntlha ya mo, kgwetlho ya Wikipedia le ba ba e dirisang ke go "boloka Wikipedia le tsholofetso ya yone ya kokoanyo ya mahala le e e bulegileng ya kitso yotlhe ya batho mo gare ga phenyo ya thelebishene e ntšha le ya bogologolo—kafa go ka kokoanngwang le go bolokwa kitso ka teng fa go sena ope yo o kgathalang ka go itse." <ref>{{Cite news|last=Derakhshan|first=Hossein|author-link=Hossein Derakhshan|date=October 19, 2017|title=How Social Media Endangers Knowledge|url=https://www.wired.com/story/wikipedias-fate-shows-how-the-web-endangers-knowledge/|department=Business|magazine=[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]]|publisher=Condé Nast|issn=1059-1028|access-date=October 22, 2018}}</ref> ==== Dietsele ==== [[File:Wikipedia_team_visiting_to_Parliament_of_Oviedo_Spain_2015.JPG|thumb|Setlhopha sa Wikipedia se etetse Palamente ya Asturias]] [[File:Spanish_Wikipedians_meetup.jpg|thumb|Kopano ya badirisi ba Wikipedia morago ga moletlo wa kabo dietsele wa Asturias wa 2015]] Wikipedia e fentse dietsele di le dintsi, e amogetse dietsele tsa yone tsa ntlha tse pedi tse di tona ka Motsheganong 2004. <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Trophy shelf |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Trophy_shelf |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki}}</ref> Sa ntlha e ne e le Nica ya Gauta ya Merafe ya Dijithale ya kgaisano ya ngwaga le ngwaga ya Prix Ars Electronica ; se se ne sa tla ka thuso ya madi a a kana ka €10 000 (£6 588; $12 700) le taletso ya go diragatsa go ipolela kwa Moletlong wa PAE Cyberarts kwa Austria moragonyana mo ngwageng oo. Sa bobedi e ne e le Sekgele sa Webby sa Baatlhodi sa setlhogo sa "morafe". <ref name="webbyawards WP awards 1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.webbyawards.com/webbys/winners-2004.php|title=Webby Awards 2004|publisher=The International Academy of Digital Arts and Sciences|year=2004}}</ref> Ka Lwetse 2008, Wikipedia e ne ya amogela seetsele sa Quadriga sa ''Letsholo la Tshedimosetso'' sa lephata la Jeremane mmogo le Boris Tadić, Eckart Höfling, le Peter Gabriel . Seetsele se se ne sa abelwa Wales ke David Weinberger . <ref name="loomarea.com WP award 1">{{Cite web |title=Die Quadriga – Award 2008 |url=https://loomarea.com/die_quadriga/e/index.php?title=Award_2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080915140714/https://loomarea.com/die_quadriga/e/index.php?title=Award_2008 |archive-date=September 15, 2008 |access-date=December 26, 2008}}</ref> Ka 2015, Wikipedia e ne ya abelwa gotlhe Seetsele sa ngwaga le ngwaga sa Erasmus,se se akgolang ditshwaelo tse di kgethegileng mo setsong, mo setšhabeng kgotsa mo dithutong tsa batho, <ref name="EP2015">{{Cite web |title=Erasmus Prize – Praemium Erasmianum |url=https://www.erasmusprijs.org/?lang=en&page=Erasmusprijs |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150115214241/https://www.erasmusprijs.org/?lang=en&page=Erasmusprijs |archive-date=January 15, 2015 |access-date=January 15, 2015 |website=Praemium Erasmianum Foundation}}</ref> le Seetsele sa Kgosigadi ya Asturias sa Tirisanommogo ya Boditšhabatšhaba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Premio Princesa de Asturias de Cooperación Internacional 2015 |trans-title=Princess of Asturias Award of International Cooperation 2015 |url=https://www.fpa.es/es/premios-princesa-de-asturias/premiados/2015-wikipedia.html?especifica=0&idCategoria=0&anio=2015&especifica=0 |access-date=June 17, 2015 |website=Fundación Princesa de Asturias |language=es}}</ref> Fa a bua kwa Palamenteng ya Asturia kwa Oviedo, toropo e e tshwarang moletlo wa dietsele, Jimmy Wales o ne a akgola tiro ya badirisi ba Wikipedia ya Asturia . <ref>{{Cite news|date=October 22, 2015|title=Los fundadores de Wikipedia destacan la versión en asturiano|language=es|newspaper=La Nueva España|url=https://www.lne.es/sociedad-cultura/2015/10/22/fundadores-wikipedia-destacan-version-asturiano/1830529.html|access-date=October 20, 2015}}</ref> ==== Metlae ==== Rrametlae Stephen Colbert o tshwantshitse kgotsa o umakile Wikipedia mo dikarolong di le mmalwa mo pontshong ya gagwe ya ''The Colbert Report'' mme a tlhama lefoko le le amanang le lone la ''wikiality'', le le rayang gore "mmogo re ka tlhama boammaaruri jo rotlhe re dumalanang ka jone—boammaaruri jo re sa tswang go dumalana ka jone". Sekai se sengwe se ka bonwa mo go "Wikipedia e Keteka Dingwaga di le makgolo a le masupa le masome a le matlhano tsa Boipuso jwa Amerika", lekwalo la tsebe ya ntlha ya Phukwi 2006 mo ''The Onion'', <ref name="onion WP 750 years 1">{{Cite web |date=July 26, 2006 |title=Wikipedia Celebrates 750 Years Of American Independence |url=https://www.theonion.com/articles/wikipedia-celebrates-750-years-of-american-indepen,2007/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100325234026/http://www.theonion.com/articles/wikipedia-celebrates-750-years-of-american-indepen,2007/ |archive-date=March 25, 2010 |access-date=October 15, 2006 |website=[[The Onion]]}}</ref> mmogo le lekwalo mo ''The Onion la'' 2010 la "Molao wa LA' Tsebe ya Wikipedia e Lebilweng Makgetho a le makgolo a le boferabobedi le masome a le bosupa le bone Gompieno". <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 24, 2010 |title='L.A. Law' Wikipedia Page Viewed 874 Times Today |url=https://www.theonion.com/articles/la-law-wikipedia-page-viewed-874-times-today,18521/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150405113731/http://www.theonion.com/articles/la-law-wikipedia-page-viewed-874-times-today,18521/ |archive-date=April 5, 2015 |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=[[The Onion]]}}</ref> Mo tiragalong ya metlae ya thelebišene ya Amerika ya Moranang 2007 ya ''The Office'', motsamaisi wa ofisi ( Michael Scott ) o bontshiwa a ikaegile ka lekwalo la kakanyetso laWikipedia go bona tshedimosetso ka maano a dipuisano go mo thusa go buisana ka tuelo e e kwa tlase ya mmereki. Babogedi ba lenaneo le ba ne ba leka go oketsa go umakiwa ga tsebe e mo tiragalong e jaaka karolo ya setlhogo sa mmatota sa Wikipedia se se buang ka dipuisano, mme maiteko a a ne a thibelwa ke badirisi ba bangwe mo tsebeng ya puisano ya setlhogo se. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Jesdanun|first=Anick|date=April 12, 2007|title='Office' fans, inspired by Michael Scott, flock to edit Wikipedia|newspaper=[[USA Today]]|url=https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/tech/webguide/internetlife/2007-04-12-office-wikipedia_N.htm|access-date=December 12, 2014}}</ref> " My Number One Doctor ", e leng karolo ya 2007 ya lenaneo la thelebišene ''la Scrubs'', e ne e tshameka ka kgopolo ya gore Wikipedia ke sedirisiwa se se sa ikanyegeng sa motswedi, go na le tiragalo e mo go yone Perry Cox a tsibogelang molwetse mongwe yo o reng lekwalo la Wikipedia le mmontsha gore go ja dijo tse di sa butswang go busetsa morago ditlamorago tsa kankere ya marapo mme a tlatsa gore mokwadi wa lekwalo leo ke yo o kwadileng la Kaedi ya dipontsho tsa lenaneo la Battlestar Galactica gape. Ka 2008, webosaete ya metlae ''ya CollegeHumor'' e ne ya tlhagisa motshameko wa ditshwantsho o o bidiwang "Morutuntshi Wikipedia", se mo go sone Morutuntshi Wikipedia wa maitirelo a laelang baithuti ka motswako wa dipolelo tse di sa netefadiweng le tse di sa utlwaleng sentle fale le fale.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Frucci |first=Adam |date=September 16, 2008 |title=If Wikipedia Was a Professor, College Would Be Awesome [Citation Needed] |url=https://gizmodo.com/if-wikipedia-was-a-professor-college-would-be-awesome-5050507 |access-date=May 28, 2026 |website=Gizmodo}}</ref> Motshameko wa metlae ''wa ga Dilbert'' wa Motsheganong a le boferabobedi, 2009, o bontsha moanelwa yo o tshegetsang polelo e e sa kgonegeng ka go re, "Mphe metsotso e le lesome mme o bo o tlhola Wikipedia." Ka Phukwi 2009, BBC Radio 4 e ne ya gasa motseletsele wa metlae e e bidiwang ''Bigipedia'', e e neng e beilwe mo webosaeteng e e neng e le setshwantsho sa Wikipedia. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Wolf |first=Ian |date=June 4, 2010 |title=Bigipedia given second series |url=https://www.comedy.co.uk/radio/news/319/bigipedia_given_second_series/ |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=[[British Comedy Guide]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFWolf2010">Wolf, Ian (June 4, 2010). [https://www.comedy.co.uk/radio/news/319/bigipedia_given_second_series/ "Bigipedia given second series"]. ''[[British Comedy Guide]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 4,</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Mengwe ya metshameko e e ne e tlhotlheleditswe ka tlhamalalo ke Wikipedia le dikwalo tsa yone. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Interview With Nick Doody and Matt Kirshen |url=https://www.comedy.org.uk/guide/radio/bigipedia/interview/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090731150008/http://www.comedy.org.uk/guide/radio/bigipedia/interview |archive-date=July 31, 2009 |access-date=July 31, 2009 |website=[[British Comedy Guide]]}}</ref> Ka Phatwe 23, 2013, webosaete ya ''New Yorker'' e ne ya gatisa dipopae tse di nang le mafoko a : "Hee, Manning, a o akanyeditse ntwa ya maemedi e se se tsileng go e simolola mo tsebeng ya gago ya Wikipedia?" <ref>{{Cite web |last=Flake |first=Emily |author-link=Emily Flake |date=August 23, 2013 |title=Manning/Wikipedia cartoon |url=https://www.condenaststore.com/-sp/Dammit-Manning-have-you-considered-the-pronoun-war-that-this-is-going-t-Cartoon-Prints_i9813981_.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012052730/https://www.condenaststore.com/-sp/Dammit-Manning-have-you-considered-the-pronoun-war-that-this-is-going-t-Cartoon-Prints_i9813981_.htm |archive-date=October 12, 2014 |access-date=August 26, 2013 |website=Conde Nast Collection}}</ref> Dipopae tse di ne di bua ka Chelsea Elizabeth Manning (yo o tshotsweng e le Bradley Edward Manning), molweladitshwanelo wa Moamerika, mopolotiki, le lesole la nako e e fetileng la Sesole sa United States yo o neng a sa tswa go tswa e le mosadi yo o fetogileng bong . <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 22, 2013 |title='I am Chelsea': Read Manning's full statement |url=http://www.today.com/news/i-am-chelsea-read-mannings-full-statement-6C10974052 |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=[[Today (American TV program)|Today]]}}</ref> Ka Seetebosigo 2024, ''Nature'' e ne ya gatisa tsebe ya puisano ya Wikipedia e e itlhametsweng ka fa tlase ga setlhogo se se reng "Fankase e e jang polasetiki e bakile letsatsi la katlholo" ka Emma Burnett. Tsebe e ya puisano e ne e amana le setlhogo se se itlhametsweng se se tlhalosang ditlamorago tse di sa ikaelelwang tsa go gololwa ga fankase e e jang polasetiki go phepafatsa mahura a a tsholotsweng. Lekwalo le le ne le na le ditlhogo tsa tsebe ya puisano tse di fitlhelwang mo Wikipedia, jaaka dipuisano tsa diphetogo mo tshekatshekong ya lekwalo. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Burnett |first=Emma |date=June 12, 2024 |title=Plastic-eating fungus caused doomsday[2] [3] |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-01723-z |journal=Nature |doi=10.1038/d41586-024-01723-z |issn=0028-0836 |pmid=38867010 |access-date=May 28, 2026 |doi-access=free}}</ref> === Kgatiso === [[File:WikiMedia_DC_2013_Annual_Meeting_08.JPG|right|thumb|Setlhopha sa Badiri ba Wikimedia ba kgaolo ya Wikimedia DC kwa phuthegong ya ngwaga le ngwaga ya Wikimedia ya DC ya 2013 ba eme fa pele ga ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' ''(kwa morago ka fa molemeng)'' kwa Bobolokelong jwa setšhaba jwa Amerika]] Ditlamorago tsa itsholelo tsa Wikipedia tse di bonalang thata e nnile loso lwa diensaetlolopedia tsa kgwebo, segolobogolo diphetolelo tse di gatisitsweng jaaka ''Encyclopædia Britannica'', tse di neng di sa kgone go gaisana le tse dingwe tsa mahala. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bosman |first=Julie |date=March 13, 2012 |title=After 244 Years, Encyclopaedia Britannica Stops the Presses |url=https://mediadecoder.blogs.nytimes.com//2012/03/13/after-244-years-encyclopaedia-britannica-stops-the-presses/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103001340/https://archive.nytimes.com/mediadecoder.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/03/13/after-244-years-encyclopaedia-britannica-stops-the-presses/ |archive-date=January 3, 2023 |access-date=January 26, 2015 |website=The New York Times}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 20, 2012 |title=Encyclopedia Britannica Dies At The Hands Of Wikipedia [Infographic] |url=https://www.gizmocrazed.com/2012/03/encyclopedia-britannica-dies-at-the-hands-of-wikipedia-infographic/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140629152825/http://www.gizmocrazed.com/2012/03/encyclopedia-britannica-dies-at-the-hands-of-wikipedia-infographic/ |archive-date=June 29, 2014 |access-date=June 14, 2014 |website=GizmoCrazed}}</ref> <ref name="FT effect on traditional media">{{Cite news|archiveurl=Christopher Caldwell (journalist)}}</ref> Padi ya ga Nicholas Carr ya 2005 ya "The amorality of Web 2.0 " e kgala diwebosaete tse di nang le diteng tse di tlhamilweng ke badirisi (jaaka Wikipedia) ka ntlha ya go dira gore batlhagisi ba diteng ba baitseanape (le, go ya ka pono ya gagwe, ba ba kwa godimo) ba tswe mo kgwebong, ka gonne "mahala a feta boleng ka dinako tsotlhe". Carr o ne a kwala gore "Se se tlhagelelang mo diponong tse di itumedisang tsa Web 2.0 ke taolo ya batho ba ba senang maitemogelo thata. Nna ga ke kgone go akanya ka sepe se se tshosang go feta se." <ref name="RType WP traditional media effect 1">{{Cite web |last=Carr |first=Nicholas |author-link=Nicholas G. Carr |date=October 3, 2005 |title=The amorality of Web 2.0 |url=https://www.roughtype.com/archives/2005/10/the_amorality_o.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220804031256/https://www.roughtype.com/?p=110 |archive-date=August 4, 2022 |access-date=July 15, 2006 |website=Rough Type}}</ref> Ba bangwe ba ganetsa mogopolo wa gore Wikipedia, kana maiteko a a tshwanang le yone, a tla tlosa dikgatiso tse di tlwaelesegileng gotlhe gotlhe. Chris Anderson, yo e kileng ya bo e le morulaganyi-mogolo wa ''Wired'', o ne a kwala mo go ''Nature'' gore mokgwa wa Wikipedia wa " botlhale jwa matshwititswiti " ga o kitla o tsaya maemo a dibukana tse di kwa godimo tsa Maranyane tse di nang le dithulaganyo tse di gagametseng tsa go sekasekwa . Tlhotlheletso ya Wikipedia mo kgwebong ya go gatisa dibuka tsa matshelo a batho e nnile selo se se tshwenyang bangwe. Molatedi wa tshedimosetso ya go gatisa dibuka Nielsen BookScan o boletse ka 2013 gore thekiso ya dibuka tsa matshelo a batho e ne ya wela tlase "ka mashetla tota". <ref name="Flood-2013" /> Kathryn Hughes, motlhatlheledi wa go kwala botshelo kwa Sekolong sa dithuto tse dikgolwane sa East Anglia le mokwadi wa dibuka tse pedi tsa botshelo jwa motho o ne a kwala jaana, "Se se tshwenyang ke gore, fa o ka kgona go bona tshedimosetso eo yotlhe go tswa mo Wikipedia, go setse eng sa botshelo jwa motho?" <ref name="Flood-2013">{{Cite news|last=Flood|first=Alison|date=February 7, 2013|title=Alison Flood: ''Should traditional biography be buried alongside Shakespeare's breakfast?''|journal=[[The Guardian]]|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/booksblog/2013/feb/07/traditional-biography-shakespeare-breakfast|access-date=June 14, 2014}}</ref> === Tiriso mo patlisisong === Wikipedia e dirisitswe thata jaaka khophase ya patlisiso ya dipuo mo thutapuong ya dikhompiutara, go batla tshedimosetso le go dirisa puo ya tlholego . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mayo |first=Matthew |date=November 23, 2017 |title=Building a Wikipedia Text Corpus for Natural Language Processing |url=https://www.kdnuggets.com/building-a-wikipedia-text-corpus-for-natural-language-processing.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230528034621/https://www.kdnuggets.com/2017/11/building-wikipedia-text-corpus-nlp.html |archive-date=May 28, 2023 |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=KDnuggets}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Lindemann |first=Luke |date=February 19, 2021 |title=Wikipedia Corpus |url=https://lukelindemann.com/wiki_corpus.html |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=lukelindemann.com}}</ref> Segolobogolo, gantsi e dira jaaka motheo wa kitso o o ikaeletseng bothata jwa go golaganya dilo, jo morago ga moo bo bidiwang "wikification", le bothata jo bo amanang le jone jwa go tlhalosa bokao jwa mafoko . Mekgwa e e tshwanang le wikification e ka dirisiwa gape go batla dikgokagano tse di "tlhaelang" mo Wikipedia. Ka 2015, babatlisisi ba Fora e bong José Lages wa Sekolo sa dithuto tse dikgolwane sa Franche-Comté kwa Besançon le Dima Shepelyansky wa Sekolo sa dithuto tse dikgolwane sa Paul Sabatier kwa Toulouse ba ne ba gatisa maemo a dikolo tse dikgolwane tsa ithutelo ditiro tsa lefatshe lotlhe go ya ka dinopolo tsa barutegi tsa Wikipedia. <ref name="mitmining">{{Cite news|title=Wikipedia-Mining Algorithm Reveals World's Most Influential Universities: An algorithm's list of the most influential universities contains some surprising entries|url=https://www.technologyreview.com/view/544266/wikipedia-mining-algorithm-reveals-worlds-most-influential-universities/|access-date=December 27, 2015|work=[[MIT Technology Review]]|date=December 7, 2015|archivedate=February 1, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160201174817/https://www.technologyreview.com/view/544266/wikipedia-mining-algorithm-reveals-worlds-most-influential-universities/}}</ref> <ref name="harvardisonlymarmow">{{Cite news|title=Harvard is only the 3rd most influential university in the world, according to this list|url=https://www.marketwatch.com/story/two-universities-beat-harvard-in-this-surprising-school-ranking-2015-12-09|access-date=December 27, 2015|work=[[MarketWatch]]|date=December 10, 2015}}</ref> <ref name="wikipediarankingtimesworldunifranche">{{Cite news|title=Wikipedia Ranking of World Universities: the top 100. List ranks institutions by search engine results and Wikipedia appearances|url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/features/wikipedia-ranking-world-universities-top-100|access-date=December 27, 2015|work=[[Times Higher Education]]|date=December 15, 2015}}</ref> Ba dirisitse PageRank, CheiRank le dithulaganyo tse di tshwanang " di latelwa ke palo ya go tlhagelela mo dikgatisong di le masome a mabedi le bone tsa dipuo tse di farologaneng tsa Wikipedia (tatelano e e fologang) le lekgolo la dingwaga le di tlhomilweng mo go lone (tatelano e e tlhatlogang)". <ref name="wikipediarankingtimesworldunifranche" /> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lages, J. |last2=Patt, A. |last3=Shepelyansky, D. |year=2016 |title=Wikipedia ranking of world universities |journal=[[European Physical Journal B|Eur. Phys. J. B]] |volume=89 |page=69 |arxiv=1511.09021 |bibcode=2016EPJB...89...69L |doi=10.1140/epjb/e2016-60922-0 |s2cid=1965378}}</ref> Patlisiso e e ne ya tlhabololwa ka 2019. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Coquidé, C. |last2=Lages, J. |last3=Shepelyansky, D.L. |year=2019 |title=World influence and interactions of universities from Wikipedia networks. |journal=[[European Physical Journal B|Eur. Phys. J. B]] |volume=92 |page=3 |arxiv=1809.00332 |bibcode=2019EPJB...92....3C |doi=10.1140/epjb/e2018-90532-7 |s2cid=52154548}}</ref> Ka Sedimonthole 2015, John Julius Norwich o boletse, mo lekwalong le le gatisitsweng mo pampiring ya dikgang ya ''The Times'', gore jaaka rraditso o ne a dirisa Wikipedia "makgetho a ka nna lesome le bobedi ka letsatsi", mme "ga ise e mo lapise". O ne a e tlhalosa e le "motswedi o o mosola jaaka ope fela o o leng teng", o o nang le mefuta e e anameng mo e leng gore ga go kgonege go bona motho, lefelo, kgotsa selo se e se tlogetseng go sa buiwa ka sone le gore o ne a ka se ka a kwala dibuka tsa gagwe tse pedi tsa bofelo kwa ntle ga yone. <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 13, 2015 |title=All hail Wikipedia |url=https://www.thetimes.com/article/all-hail-wikipedia-l6t9cnhkl5m |access-date=October 1, 2024 |website=The Times}}</ref> Thutopatlisiso ya MIT ya 2017 e supa gore mafoko a a dirisiwang mo dikwalong tsa Wikipedia a feleletsa a le mo dikgatisong tsa maranyane. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Thompson |first=Neil |last2=Hanley |first2=Douglas |date=February 13, 2018 |title=Science Is Shaped by Wikipedia: Evidence From a Randomized Control Trial |journal=MIT Sloan Research Paper No. 5238-17 |location=Rochester, NY |doi=10.2139/ssrn.3039505 |s2cid=30918097 |ssrn=3039505 |via=[[SSRN]]}}</ref> Dithuto tse di amanang le Wikipedia di ntse di dirisa go ithuta ka motšhini le botlhale jwa maitirelo <ref name="NYT-20230718">{{Cite news|last=Gertner|first=Jon|title=Wikipedia's Moment of Truth – Can the online encyclopedia help teach A.I. chatbots to get their facts right — without destroying itself in the process? + comment|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/07/18/magazine/wikipedia-ai-chatgpt.html#permid=126389255|date=July 18, 2023|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=July 19, 2023}}</ref> go tshegetsa ditiro tse di farologaneng. Nngwe ya dikarolo tse di botlhokwa thata ke go lemoga ka go itirisa ga go senngwa ga dikwalo le go sekaseka boleng jwa tshedimosetso mo Wikipedia. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Asthana |first=Sumit |last2=Halfaker |first2=Aaron |author-link2=Aaron Halfaker |date=November 2018 |editor-last=Lampe |editor-first=Cliff |title=With Few Eyes, All Hoaxes are Deep |journal=Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction |location=New York City |publisher=[[Association for Computing Machinery]] |volume=2 |issue=CSCW |at=21 |doi=10.1145/3274290 |issn=2573-0142 |doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Petroni |first=Fabio |last2=Broscheit |first2=Samuel |last3=Piktus |first3=Aleksandra |last4=Lewis |first4=Patrick |last5=Izacard |first5=Gautier |last6=Hosseini |first6=Lucas |last7=Dwivedi-Yu |first7=Jane |last8=Lomeli |first8=Maria |last9=Schick |first9=Timo |last10=Bevilacqua |first10=Michele |last11=Mazaré |first11=Pierre-Emmanuel |last12=Joulin |first12=Armand |last13=Grave |first13=Edouard |last14=Riedel |first14=Sebastian |date=2023 |title=Improving Wikipedia verifiability with AI |journal=[[Nature Machine Intelligence]] |volume=5 |issue=10 |pages=1142–1148 |arxiv=2207.06220 |doi=10.1038/s42256-023-00726-1 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Mananeo a a tsamaelanang == Diensaetlolopedia di le mmalwa tse di dirisanang tsa bobegakgang tse di akaretsang diphetolo tse di kwadilweng ke setšhaba di ne di le teng bogologolo pele ga Wikipedia e tlhongwa. Ya ntlha ya tsone e ne e le Lenaneo la BBC Domesday la 1986, le le neng le akaretsa mokwalo (o o tsentsweng mo dikhomphuteng tsa BBC Micro ) le dinepe go tswa mo bathong ba ba neng ba tsaa karolo ba feta sedikadike kwa UK, mme e ne e akaretsa thuto ka lefelo, botaki le ngwao ya UK. E ne e le ensaetlolopedia ya ntlha ya bobegakgang e e dipego (mme gape e ne e le yone ya ntlha e e tona ya bobegakgang e e golagantsweng ka dikgolagano tsa mo teng), ka bontsi jwa dikwalo di fitlhelelwa ka moalo wa UK. Setshwantsho sa bodirisi le karolo ya diteng tsa Lenaneo la Domesday di ne tsa dirwa mo webosaeteng go fitlha ka 2008 . Diensaetlolopedia di le mmalwa tse di nang le diteng tse di gololesegileng, tse di dirisanang mmogo di ne tsa tlhamiwa ka nako e le nngwe le Wikipedia (sekai , Everything2 ), mme moragonyana di le dintsi di ne tsa kopanngwa mo lenaneong le(sekai, GNE ). <ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=The Free Encyclopedia Project |url=https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/encyclopedia.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250916022442/https://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/encyclopedia.html |archive-date=September 16, 2025 |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=GNU Operating System}}</ref> Nngwe ya diensaetlolopedia tsa bogologolo tsa mo inthaneteng tse di atlegileng thata tse di neng di akaretsa dikwalo tsa batho e ne e le h2g2, e e neng ya tlhamiwa ke Douglas Adams ka 1999 . Ensaetlolopedia ya h2g2 e ne e sa gagamala thata, e remeletse mo dikwalong tse di nang le metlae mme gape di ruta. Diwebosaete tsa kitso ya tirisanommogo tse di neng tsa latela di tlhotlheleditswe ke Wikipedia. Tse dingwe di dirisa tshekatsheko e e tlwaelesegileng ya balekane, di tshwana le ''Ensaetlolopedia ya Botshelo'' le diensaetlolopedia tsa mo inthaneteng tsa wiki ''tsa Scholarpedia'' le Citizendium . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Encyclopedia of Life |url=http://naturalhistory.si.edu/research/eol |access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=[[National Museum of Natural History]] |publisher=[[Smithsonian Institution|Smithsonian]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Scholarpedia: the free peer-reviewed encyclopedia |url=http://applied-neuroscience.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=79 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120222104006/http://applied-neuroscience.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=79 |archive-date=February 22, 2012 |website=Society of Applied Neuroscience}}</ref> Ya bofelo e simolotswe ke Sanger ka maiteko a go tlhama mofuta o mongwe o o ikanyegang wa Wikipedia. <ref name="JayLyman">{{Cite news|first=Jay|last=Lyman|url=https://www.crmbuyer.com/story/53137.html|title=Wikipedia Co-Founder Planning New Expert-Authored Site|publisher=LinuxInsider|date=September 20, 2006|access-date=June 27, 2007|archivedate=September 28, 2007|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928002933/http://www.crmbuyer.com/story/53137.html}}</ref> pei9aw1fres5y15480fcva9cvp62qii 0 3276 53984 53534 2026-08-09T15:41:06Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53984 wikitext text/x-wiki Thuto tse''' dikgolwane mo [[Botswana|Botswana]]''' ke mahala kgotsa boitlhopelo.<ref name="ilab"> {1}Botswana {/1} [http://www.dol.gov/ilab/media/reports/iclp/tda2005/tda2005.pdf ''2005 Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor'' ]. Ba lekgotla le le inamololang mafatshe ka kakaretso, U.S. Lephata la metse selegae (2006). ''Koranta e e nale molaetsa go tsweng mo tshimologong, e e leng ponagadi ya {0 }phatalatsa.'' </ref><ref name="bbc"></ref> Mo ngwageng wa 2002, palo ya ntlha ee sa rurifadiwang e ne e le selekanyo sa lekgolo le boraro mo lekgolong, mme ee rurufaditsweng yone ya ntlha e ne e le masome a borobabobedi le motso mo lekgolong.<ref name="ilab"></ref> Go kgaogangwa ga bana ba ba tsewang mo dikolong go itebagantse le palo ya baithuti ba ba kwadisiwang kwa dikolong tse di potana gape ga go amane gope le go tsena sekolo sentle ga bana. Dipalo tse di ntsha tsa go tla sekolong mo dikolong tse di potana ga di mo Botswana.<ref name="ilab"></ref> Go ya ka dipalo tsa ngwaga wa 2001, masome a borobabobedi le borataro mo lekgolong a bana ba ba simolotseng dithuto tse di potana ba ne ba batlile go fitlhelela kwa lokwalong lwa botlhano.<ref name="ilab"></ref> Mo tsamaisong ya thuto ya mo Botswana, basimane le basetsana ba nale tepetepano mo go fiweng dithuto. Basetsana, ka gorialo, ba ka nna ba tswa mo dikolong tse dikgolwane ka ntata ya boimana.<ref name="ilab"></ref> [[Botswana|Botswana]] o dirile tse dintsi mo go tlhabololeng thuto morago ga go tsaya boipuso ka ngwaga wa 1966.{{Citation needed|date=June 2008}} Morago ga seo go ne go nale baalogani ba ba potana mo lefatsheng gape Batswana ba palo potana ba tsene dikolo tse dikgolwane. Ka ponagalo ya ditemane morago ga go tsaya boipuso le go oketsega ga madi a puso, go ne ga nna le koketsego ee kwa godimo ya go aba thuto mo lefatsheng. Baithuti botlhe ba ne ba fiwa dingwaga tse di lesome tsa go ithuta,se se ba fitlisetsa kwa dithutong tse dikgolwane tsa Junior Certificate. E ka ne e le bontlha bongwe jwa palo ya batho mo sekolong ba ba tsweledisang ka ngwaga tse pedi tsa mo sekolong se se golwane se se isang moithuti kwa mphong ya go fiwa setlankana sa Botswana General Certificate of Education (BGCSE). Fa o sena go tlogela sekolo, baithuti ba ne ba ka tsena sekolo mo dikolong tsa ithutelo tiro di le borataro mo lefatsheng,kgotsa ba ithuthuntsha mo dithutong dingwe tsa borutabana kgotsa booki. Moithuti yo o gaisitseng botlhe o ne a ya go tsena kwa mmadikolo ebong University of Botswana, Botswana College of Agriculture[https://web.archive.org/web/20120524171350/http://www.bca.bw/], le Botswana Accountancy College mo [[Gaborone|Gaborone]]. Palo ee ntsi ya bana ba kwa mmadikolo e solofetswe, fa kago ya bobedi ya mmadikolo mo lefatsheng, ebong Botswana International University of Science and Technology, e fediwa. Bontsi jwa bana ba felela ba tsene dikolo kwa dikholetsheng tse eseng tsa puso mo lefatsheng. Bontsi jwa baithuti ba tsengwa sekolo ke puso. Dipoelo ga di ise di ko di tshwantshangwe le tsa boleng jo bo rileng. Dikolo tse di potana di santse di tlhoka didirisiwa, gape barutabana ba duelwa madi aa kwa tlase go nale badiri ka bone ba kwa dikolong tse dikgolwane.{{Citation needed|date=June 2008}} Mo kgweding ya Ferikgong ngwaga wa 2006, Botswana o ne a simolodisa tuelo ya dithuto morago ga dingwaga ngwaga tse pedi tsa thuto ee neng e fiwa mahala .<ref name="bbc">{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/4601360.stm | work=BBC News | title=Botswana brings back school fees | date=2006-01-11 | accessdate=2010-05-01}}</ref> ==Bokhutlo== Thuto ke yone konokono ya botshelo ke moo go leng matshwanedi gore e tsewe ka tlhwaafalo.Baithuti ba tshwanetse go nna ba ithuta gore ba tle go atlega mo botshelong.Ke tshwanelo ya puso go bona gore baithuti ba fiwa dithuto tse di lebanyeng gore ba tle ba kgone go baya lefatshe mo maemong aa fa godimo bogolo jang baithuti ba kwa mmadikolo. ==Metswedi== {{reflist}} Dithuto mo Botswana di felela ka lekwalo la lesome le bobedi. ==Dikgolagano tsa kwa ntle== {{commons category|Education in Botswana}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20110117191700/http://www.moe.gov.bw/ Botswana Ministry of Education] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20090322042351/http://www.sacmeq.org/education-botswana.htm Education Statistics and Quality of Education in Botswana], Southern and Eastern Africa Consortium for Monitoring Educational Quality (SACMEQ) *[http://www.unesco.org/education/uie/documentation/Literacyinbotswana.pdf Literacy and education in Botswana bibliography] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20110928121434/http://www.infodev.org/en/Publication.387.html Information Communication Technology in Botswana] (e nankola kitso ka kakaretso) *[https://web.archive.org/web/20080514091311/http://www.bc.edu/bc_org/avp/soe/cihe/inhea/profiles/Botswana.htm Profile of higher education in Botswana] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20081203160324/http://www.unbotswana.org.bw/undp/docs/bots_education_final.pdf The impact of HIV/AIDS on education in Botswana] {{Education in Africa}} [[Category:Thuto mo Botswana]] {{Botswana-stub}} {{Education-stub}} == Dikaralo tsa thuto mo Botswana == === Sekolo sa bana ba bannye === Sekolo sa bana ba ba nnye, ke sekolo se se sa pateletsweng ,se akaretsa thuto ya bana ba ba nnye e e direlwang mo [[:en:Classroom|ntlwaneng ya borutelo .]]Sekolo se ke sa bana ba dingwaga tse di kwa tlase ga tse tlhano go ya go di le thataro. Dintlha tsa tlhokomelo ya bana ba ba nnye le thuto ya bone di ne tsa akarediwa mo melaong e e tlhabolotsweng ya thuto kgotsa (RNPE) ka ngwaga wa 1994. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2001 |title=Early Childhood Care and Education Policy: Based on the Framework of the Revised National Policy on Education (Rnpe) Government White Paper No. 2 of 1994 |url=http://www.africanchildforum.org/clr/policy%20per%20country/botswana/botswana_earlychildhood_2001_en.pdf |access-date=28 May 2022 |website=African Child Forum}}</ref> Boikarabelo bo bontsi jwa go fa ditlamelo tsa mananeo a thuto ya bana ba bannye bo mo makalaneng a dikgwebo tse e seng tsa ga goromente le a setšhaba go na le mo pusong.<ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Education |url=https://www.unicef.org/botswana/education |access-date=18 July 2026 |publisher=UNICEF Botswana}}</ref></ref> Ba ba thusang ka go tlamela thuto ya bana ba bannye e a bo ele fela go ikemela ka dinao ga bone go batla tshono ya go itshetsa ka kgwebo e, se e le go araba dikeletso tsa batsadi kgotsa batlhokomedi ba ba nang le letseno le le fa godimonyana e bile ba na le bokgoni jwa go isa bana ba bone dikolong tseo kgotsa e le go arabela diphetogo tsa ga segompieno mo lefatsheng ka bophara tsa paakanyetso ya thuto ya bana.<ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Maunganidze |first1=Langtone |last2=Tsamaase |first2=Marea |year=2014 |title=Early Childhood Education in Botswana: A Case of Fragmented “Fits” |url=https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ies/article/view/29736 |journal=International Education Studies |volume=7 |issue=5 |access-date=18 July 2026}}</ref></ref> Mananeo a le mantsi a a itebagantseng le baagedi ba mafelo a a farologaneng, dikgwebo, mekgatlho e e thusang e e sa direng dipoelo, merafe ya sedumedi le batho fela ba ba ikemetseng ka nosi ba tlhokomelo ya bana ke dikai tsa batho ba ba fang thuto ya bana ba ba iseng ba tsene sekolo. <ref name="Glavin"/> Sekolo sa bana ba bannye se ka akaretsa thuto ya sengwe le sengwe kgotsa se ka nna le dithuto tse e leng gore se tsepame mo go tsone thata, jaaka thuto ya botaki le tiro ya diatla, thuto ya bodumedi, katiso mo go tsa metshameko, kgotsa go ithuta puo ya batswakwa, fa godimo ga moo se ntse se e fa le ditlamelo tsa thuto ya kakaretso. Mosola wa thuto ya bana ba bannye ga o ka ke wa gatelelwa go feta selekanyo ka gore bana ba gola go ya ka kgolo ya tlhaloganyo ga mmogo le go buisana le batho. == Dikaralo tsa thuto mo Botswana == === Sekolo sa bana ba bannye === Sekolo sa bana ba ba nnye, ke sekolo se se sa pateletsweng ,se akaretsa thuto ya bana ba ba nnye e e direlwang mo [[:en:Classroom|ntlwaneng ya borutelo .]]Sekolo se ke sa bana ba dingwaga tse di kwa tlase ga tse tlhano go ya go di le thataro. Dintlha tsa tlhokomelo ya bana ba ba nnye le thuto ya bone di ne tsa akarediwa mo melaong e e tlhabolotsweng ya thuto kgotsa (RNPE) ka ngwaga wa 1994. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2001 |title=Early Childhood Care and Education Policy: Based on the Framework of the Revised National Policy on Education (Rnpe) Government White Paper No. 2 of 1994 |url=http://www.africanchildforum.org/clr/policy%20per%20country/botswana/botswana_earlychildhood_2001_en.pdf |access-date=28 May 2022 |website=African Child Forum}}</ref> Boikarabelo bo bontsi jwa go fa ditlamelo tsa mananeo a thuto ya bana ba bannye bo mo makalaneng a dikgwebo tse e seng tsa ga goromente le a setšhaba go na le mo pusong.<ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Education |url=https://www.unicef.org/botswana/education |access-date=18 July 2026 |publisher=UNICEF Botswana}}</ref></ref> Ba ba thusang ka go tlamela thuto ya bana ba bannye e a bo ele fela go ikemela ka dinao ga bone go batla tshono ya go itshetsa ka kgwebo e, se e le go araba dikeletso tsa batsadi kgotsa batlhokomedi ba ba nang le letseno le le fa godimonyana e bile ba na le bokgoni jwa go isa bana ba bone dikolong tseo kgotsa e le go arabela diphetogo tsa ga segompieno mo lefatsheng ka bophara tsa paakanyetso ya thuto ya bana.<ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Maunganidze |first1=Langtone |last2=Tsamaase |first2=Marea |year=2014 |title=Early Childhood Education in Botswana: A Case of Fragmented “Fits” |url=https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ies/article/view/29736 |journal=International Education Studies |volume=7 |issue=5 |access-date=18 July 2026}}</ref></ref> Mananeo a le mantsi a a itebagantseng le baagedi ba mafelo a a farologaneng, dikgwebo, mekgatlho e e thusang e e sa direng dipoelo, merafe ya sedumedi le batho fela ba ba ikemetseng ka nosi ba tlhokomelo ya bana ke dikai tsa batho ba ba fang thuto ya bana ba ba iseng ba tsene sekolo. <ref name="Glavin"/> Sekolo sa bana ba bannye se ka akaretsa thuto ya sengwe le sengwe kgotsa se ka nna le dithuto tse e leng gore se tsepame mo go tsone thata, jaaka thuto ya botaki le tiro ya diatla, thuto ya bodumedi, katiso mo go tsa metshameko, kgotsa go ithuta puo ya batswakwa, fa godimo ga moo se ntse se e fa le ditlamelo tsa thuto ya kakaretso. Mosola wa thuto ya bana ba bannye ga o ka ke wa gatelelwa go feta selekanyo ka gore bana ba gola go ya ka kgolo ya tlhaloganyo ga mmogo le go buisana le batho. Puso ya Botswana go simolola ka ngwaga wa 2015 e simolotse go bula mananeo a thuto ya bana ba bannye mo dikoleng tse dipotlana tse dintsi tsa puso mo lefatsheng ka bophara ka maikaelelo a go rotloetsa thuto ya bana ba bannye. <ref name="Glavin"/> Se se simolotse ka go bula ntlwana ya borutelo ya bana ba ba iseng ba tsene sekolo pele ga ba dira lokwalo la ntlha, se se dirwa morago ga baithuti ba lokwalo la bosupa ba fetsa go kwala ditlhatlhobo tsa bone tsa makgaolakgang. Dintlwana tsa bone tsa borutelo di ne di tlaabo di sena ope mo mafelong a ngwaga otlhe wa dithuto, ka jalo ka tsela e o ba ka kgona go amogela bana ba o ba ba dingwaga di le botlhano. Go tswelela ka seo, puso jaanong e tsenya tirisong lenaneo la dingwaga di le pedi la bana ba dingwaga di le bone le botlhano. Fa godimo ga moo, puso ya Botswana le yone e simolotse go ela tlhoko thata thuto ya bana ba bannye. == Dikaralo tsa thuto mo Botswana == === Sekolo sa bana ba bannye === Sekolo sa bana ba ba nnye, ke sekolo se se sa pateletsweng ,se akaretsa thuto ya bana ba ba nnye e e direlwang mo [[:en:Classroom|ntlwaneng ya borutelo .]]Sekolo se ke sa bana ba dingwaga tse di kwa tlase ga tse tlhano go ya go di le thataro. Dintlha tsa tlhokomelo ya bana ba ba nnye le thuto ya bone di ne tsa akarediwa mo melaong e e tlhabolotsweng ya thuto kgotsa (RNPE) ka ngwaga wa 1994. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2001 |title=Early Childhood Care and Education Policy: Based on the Framework of the Revised National Policy on Education (Rnpe) Government White Paper No. 2 of 1994 |url=http://www.africanchildforum.org/clr/policy%20per%20country/botswana/botswana_earlychildhood_2001_en.pdf |access-date=28 May 2022 |website=African Child Forum}}</ref> Boikarabelo bo bontsi jwa go fa ditlamelo tsa mananeo a thuto ya bana ba bannye bo mo makalaneng a dikgwebo tse e seng tsa ga goromente le a setšhaba go na le mo pusong.<ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Education |url=https://www.unicef.org/botswana/education |access-date=18 July 2026 |publisher=UNICEF Botswana}}</ref></ref> Ba ba thusang ka go tlamela thuto ya bana ba bannye e a bo ele fela go ikemela ka dinao ga bone go batla tshono ya go itshetsa ka kgwebo e, se e le go araba dikeletso tsa batsadi kgotsa batlhokomedi ba ba nang le letseno le le fa godimonyana e bile ba na le bokgoni jwa go isa bana ba bone dikolong tseo kgotsa e le go arabela diphetogo tsa ga segompieno mo lefatsheng ka bophara tsa paakanyetso ya thuto ya bana.<ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Maunganidze |first1=Langtone |last2=Tsamaase |first2=Marea |year=2014 |title=Early Childhood Education in Botswana: A Case of Fragmented “Fits” |url=https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ies/article/view/29736 |journal=International Education Studies |volume=7 |issue=5 |access-date=18 July 2026}}</ref></ref> Mananeo a le mantsi a a itebagantseng le baagedi ba mafelo a a farologaneng, dikgwebo, mekgatlho e e thusang e e sa direng dipoelo, merafe ya sedumedi le batho fela ba ba ikemetseng ka nosi ba tlhokomelo ya bana ke dikai tsa batho ba ba fang thuto ya bana ba ba iseng ba tsene sekolo. <ref name="Glavin"/> Sekolo sa bana ba bannye se ka akaretsa thuto ya sengwe le sengwe kgotsa se ka nna le dithuto tse e leng gore se tsepame mo go tsone thata, jaaka thuto ya botaki le tiro ya diatla, thuto ya bodumedi, katiso mo go tsa metshameko, kgotsa go ithuta puo ya batswakwa, fa godimo ga moo se ntse se e fa le ditlamelo tsa thuto ya kakaretso. Mosola wa thuto ya bana ba bannye ga o ka ke wa gatelelwa go feta selekanyo ka gore bana ba gola go ya ka kgolo ya tlhaloganyo ga mmogo le go buisana le batho. Puso ya Botswana go simolola ka ngwaga wa 2015 e simolotse go bula mananeo a thuto ya bana ba bannye mo dikoleng tse dipotlana tse dintsi tsa puso mo lefatsheng ka bophara ka maikaelelo a go rotloetsa thuto ya bana ba bannye. <ref name="Glavin"/> Se se simolotse ka go bula ntlwana ya borutelo ya bana ba ba iseng ba tsene sekolo pele ga ba dira lokwalo la ntlha, se se dirwa morago ga baithuti ba lokwalo la bosupa ba fetsa go kwala ditlhatlhobo tsa bone tsa makgaolakgang. Dintlwana tsa bone tsa borutelo di ne di tlaabo di sena ope mo mafelong a ngwaga otlhe wa dithuto, ka jalo ka tsela e o ba ka kgona go amogela bana ba o ba ba dingwaga di le botlhano. Go tswelela ka seo, puso jaanong e tsenya tirisong lenaneo la dingwaga di le pedi la bana ba dingwaga di le bone le botlhano. Fa godimo ga moo, puso ya Botswana le yone e simolotse go ela tlhoko thata thuto ya bana ba bannye. === Thuto-potlana === Thuto e e potlana e simolola ka kamogelo ya bana ba ba iseng ba simolole lekwalo la ntlha go fitlha ka lokwalo la bosupa. == Dikaralo tsa thuto mo Botswana == === Sekolo sa bana ba bannye === Sekolo sa bana ba ba nnye, ke sekolo se se sa pateletsweng ,se akaretsa thuto ya bana ba ba nnye e e direlwang mo [[:en:Classroom|ntlwaneng ya borutelo .]]Sekolo se ke sa bana ba dingwaga tse di kwa tlase ga tse tlhano go ya go di le thataro. Dintlha tsa tlhokomelo ya bana ba ba nnye le thuto ya bone di ne tsa akarediwa mo melaong e e tlhabolotsweng ya thuto kgotsa (RNPE) ka ngwaga wa 1994. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2001 |title=Early Childhood Care and Education Policy: Based on the Framework of the Revised National Policy on Education (Rnpe) Government White Paper No. 2 of 1994 |url=http://www.africanchildforum.org/clr/policy%20per%20country/botswana/botswana_earlychildhood_2001_en.pdf |access-date=28 May 2022 |website=African Child Forum}}</ref> Boikarabelo bo bontsi jwa go fa ditlamelo tsa mananeo a thuto ya bana ba bannye bo mo makalaneng a dikgwebo tse e seng tsa ga goromente le a setšhaba go na le mo pusong.<ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Education |url=https://www.unicef.org/botswana/education |access-date=18 July 2026 |publisher=UNICEF Botswana}}</ref></ref> Ba ba thusang ka go tlamela thuto ya bana ba bannye e a bo ele fela go ikemela ka dinao ga bone go batla tshono ya go itshetsa ka kgwebo e, se e le go araba dikeletso tsa batsadi kgotsa batlhokomedi ba ba nang le letseno le le fa godimonyana e bile ba na le bokgoni jwa go isa bana ba bone dikolong tseo kgotsa e le go arabela diphetogo tsa ga segompieno mo lefatsheng ka bophara tsa paakanyetso ya thuto ya bana.<ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Maunganidze |first1=Langtone |last2=Tsamaase |first2=Marea |year=2014 |title=Early Childhood Education in Botswana: A Case of Fragmented “Fits” |url=https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ies/article/view/29736 |journal=International Education Studies |volume=7 |issue=5 |access-date=18 July 2026}}</ref></ref> Mananeo a le mantsi a a itebagantseng le baagedi ba mafelo a a farologaneng, dikgwebo, mekgatlho e e thusang e e sa direng dipoelo, merafe ya sedumedi le batho fela ba ba ikemetseng ka nosi ba tlhokomelo ya bana ke dikai tsa batho ba ba fang thuto ya bana ba ba iseng ba tsene sekolo. <ref name="Glavin"/> Sekolo sa bana ba bannye se ka akaretsa thuto ya sengwe le sengwe kgotsa se ka nna le dithuto tse e leng gore se tsepame mo go tsone thata, jaaka thuto ya botaki le tiro ya diatla, thuto ya bodumedi, katiso mo go tsa metshameko, kgotsa go ithuta puo ya batswakwa, fa godimo ga moo se ntse se e fa le ditlamelo tsa thuto ya kakaretso. Mosola wa thuto ya bana ba bannye ga o ka ke wa gatelelwa go feta selekanyo ka gore bana ba gola go ya ka kgolo ya tlhaloganyo ga mmogo le go buisana le batho. Puso ya Botswana go simolola ka ngwaga wa 2015 e simolotse go bula mananeo a thuto ya bana ba bannye mo dikoleng tse dipotlana tse dintsi tsa puso mo lefatsheng ka bophara ka maikaelelo a go rotloetsa thuto ya bana ba bannye. <ref name="Glavin"/> Se se simolotse ka go bula ntlwana ya borutelo ya bana ba ba iseng ba tsene sekolo pele ga ba dira lokwalo la ntlha, se se dirwa morago ga baithuti ba lokwalo la bosupa ba fetsa go kwala ditlhatlhobo tsa bone tsa makgaolakgang. Dintlwana tsa bone tsa borutelo di ne di tlaabo di sena ope mo mafelong a ngwaga otlhe wa dithuto, ka jalo ka tsela e o ba ka kgona go amogela bana ba o ba ba dingwaga di le botlhano. Go tswelela ka seo, puso jaanong e tsenya tirisong lenaneo la dingwaga di le pedi la bana ba dingwaga di le bone le botlhano. Fa godimo ga moo, puso ya Botswana le yone e simolotse go ela tlhoko thata thuto ya bana ba bannye. === Thuto-potlana === Thuto e e potlana e simolola ka kamogelo ya bana ba ba iseng ba simolole lekwalo la ntlha go fitlha ka lokwalo la bosupa. Bana ba kwadisiwa mo sekolong se se potlana fa ba le dingwaga di ka nna thataro. Tsamaiso ya go ruta mo thutong ya sekolo se se potlana e laolwa ke thulaganyo ya dikolo ya lefatshe. Kgaolo ya sekolo e tlhopha dikaedi tsa tsamaiso ya go ruta le dibuka tse di bontshang maemo a go ithuta a puso ya lefatshe le ditekanyetso tsa maemo a mophato o o rileng. Go na le mefuta e le mebedi ya thuto e e potlana e e ka fitlhelwang mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Puso e fa thuto ya kakaretso ka teme ya Setswana, puo e ya Setswana e dirisiwa go ruta bana ga mmogo le teme ya Sekgoa. Lekalana la dikgwebo le fa dithuto tse puo ya thuto e leng Sekgoa fela, dikolo tse di bidiwa 'dikolo tsa Sekgoa'. == Dikaralo tsa thuto mo Botswana == === Sekolo sa bana ba bannye === Sekolo sa bana ba ba nnye, ke sekolo se se sa pateletsweng ,se akaretsa thuto ya bana ba ba nnye e e direlwang mo [[:en:Classroom|ntlwaneng ya borutelo .]]Sekolo se ke sa bana ba dingwaga tse di kwa tlase ga tse tlhano go ya go di le thataro. Dintlha tsa tlhokomelo ya bana ba ba nnye le thuto ya bone di ne tsa akarediwa mo melaong e e tlhabolotsweng ya thuto kgotsa (RNPE) ka ngwaga wa 1994. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2001 |title=Early Childhood Care and Education Policy: Based on the Framework of the Revised National Policy on Education (Rnpe) Government White Paper No. 2 of 1994 |url=http://www.africanchildforum.org/clr/policy%20per%20country/botswana/botswana_earlychildhood_2001_en.pdf |access-date=28 May 2022 |website=African Child Forum}}</ref> Boikarabelo bo bontsi jwa go fa ditlamelo tsa mananeo a thuto ya bana ba bannye bo mo makalaneng a dikgwebo tse e seng tsa ga goromente le a setšhaba go na le mo pusong.<ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Education |url=https://www.unicef.org/botswana/education |access-date=18 July 2026 |publisher=UNICEF Botswana}}</ref></ref> Ba ba thusang ka go tlamela thuto ya bana ba bannye e a bo ele fela go ikemela ka dinao ga bone go batla tshono ya go itshetsa ka kgwebo e, se e le go araba dikeletso tsa batsadi kgotsa batlhokomedi ba ba nang le letseno le le fa godimonyana e bile ba na le bokgoni jwa go isa bana ba bone dikolong tseo kgotsa e le go arabela diphetogo tsa ga segompieno mo lefatsheng ka bophara tsa paakanyetso ya thuto ya bana.<ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Maunganidze |first1=Langtone |last2=Tsamaase |first2=Marea |year=2014 |title=Early Childhood Education in Botswana: A Case of Fragmented “Fits” |url=https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ies/article/view/29736 |journal=International Education Studies |volume=7 |issue=5 |access-date=18 July 2026}}</ref></ref> Mananeo a le mantsi a a itebagantseng le baagedi ba mafelo a a farologaneng, dikgwebo, mekgatlho e e thusang e e sa direng dipoelo, merafe ya sedumedi le batho fela ba ba ikemetseng ka nosi ba tlhokomelo ya bana ke dikai tsa batho ba ba fang thuto ya bana ba ba iseng ba tsene sekolo. <ref name="Glavin">{{Cite web |last=Glavin |first=Chris |date=2017-01-25 |title=Education stages |url=https://www.k12academics.com/Education%20Worldwide/Education%20in%20Botswana/education-stages |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=K12 Academics |language=en |archive-date=2025-07-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250728043643/https://www.k12academics.com/Education%20Worldwide/Education%20in%20Botswana/education-stages |url-status=dead }}</ref> Sekolo sa bana ba bannye se ka akaretsa thuto ya sengwe le sengwe kgotsa se ka nna le dithuto tse e leng gore se tsepame mo go tsone thata, jaaka thuto ya botaki le tiro ya diatla, thuto ya bodumedi, katiso mo go tsa metshameko, kgotsa go ithuta puo ya batswakwa, fa godimo ga moo se ntse se e fa le ditlamelo tsa thuto ya kakaretso. Mosola wa thuto ya bana ba bannye ga o ka ke wa gatelelwa go feta selekanyo ka gore bana ba gola go ya ka kgolo ya tlhaloganyo ga mmogo le go buisana le batho. Puso ya Botswana go simolola ka ngwaga wa 2015 e simolotse go bula mananeo a thuto ya bana ba bannye mo dikoleng tse dipotlana tse dintsi tsa puso mo lefatsheng ka bophara ka maikaelelo a go rotloetsa thuto ya bana ba bannye. <ref name="Glavin"/> Se se simolotse ka go bula ntlwana ya borutelo ya bana ba ba iseng ba tsene sekolo pele ga ba dira lokwalo la ntlha, se se dirwa morago ga baithuti ba lokwalo la bosupa ba fetsa go kwala ditlhatlhobo tsa bone tsa makgaolakgang. Dintlwana tsa bone tsa borutelo di ne di tlaabo di sena ope mo mafelong a ngwaga otlhe wa dithuto, ka jalo ka tsela e o ba ka kgona go amogela bana ba o ba ba dingwaga di le botlhano. Go tswelela ka seo, puso jaanong e tsenya tirisong lenaneo la dingwaga di le pedi la bana ba dingwaga di le bone le botlhano. Fa godimo ga moo, puso ya Botswana le yone e simolotse go ela tlhoko thata thuto ya bana ba bannye. === Thuto-potlana === Thuto e e potlana e simolola ka kamogelo ya bana ba ba iseng ba simolole lekwalo la ntlha go fitlha ka lokwalo la bosupa. Bana ba kwadisiwa mo sekolong se se potlana fa ba le dingwaga di ka nna thataro. Tsamaiso ya go ruta mo thutong ya sekolo se se potlana e laolwa ke thulaganyo ya dikolo ya lefatshe. Kgaolo ya sekolo e tlhopha dikaedi tsa tsamaiso ya go ruta le dibuka tse di bontshang maemo a go ithuta a puso ya lefatshe le ditekanyetso tsa maemo a mophato o o rileng. Go na le mefuta e le mebedi ya thuto e e potlana e e ka fitlhelwang mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Puso e fa thuto ya kakaretso ka teme ya Setswana, puo e ya Setswana e dirisiwa go ruta bana ga mmogo le teme ya Sekgoa. Lekalana la dikgwebo le fa dithuto tse puo ya thuto e leng Sekgoa fela, dikolo tse di bidiwa 'dikolo tsa Sekgoa'. === Thuto e e kgolwane === [[Setshwantsho:Kgari_sechele_secondary_school.jpg|thumb|230x230px|Sekolo se segolwane sa Kgari Sechele, sekolo se segolwane se se tsamaisiwang ke puso.]] Thuto ya sekolo se segolwane e simolola ka lekwalo le legolwane la ntlha go fitlhelela la botlhano (sekolo se segolwane mme se le fa tlase se simolola ka lowalo la ntlha go fitlhelela kwa go la boraro; sekolo se segolwane ebile se le fa godimo se simolola ka lokwalo la bone go fitlhelela kwa go la botlhano ). Baithuti gantsi ba fiwa kgololesego e le ntsi, ba tsamaya ba ya kwa dintlwaneng tsa borutelo tse di farologaneng, ebile ba fiwa tetla ya go tlhopha dingwe tsa dithuto tsa bone tse di bidiwang dithuto tsa maitlhophelo. Dingwaga tsa ntlha tse tharo tsa thuto e e kgolwane di isa kwa setlankaneng sa dithuto tsa makgaolakgang tsa lokwalo la boraro, mme morago ga dingwaga tse dingwe tse pedi tsa go ithuta baithuti ba kwala tlhatlhobo ya makgaolakgang ya lokwalo la botlhano. === Thuto ya ithutelo-tiro === [[Mmadikolo wa Botswana|Yunibesithi ya Botswana]], Yunibesithi ya Botho, [[Sekolo se Segolwane sa Limkokwing|Yunibesithi ya Limkokwing ya Thekenoloji ya Boitlhamedi]], [https://baisago.ac.bw/ Yunibesithi ya Ba Isago], [https://abm.ac.bw/ Kholetšhe ya ABM], <ref>{{Cite web |title=Welcome To ABM University College |url=https://abm.ac.bw/ |access-date=2022-05-28 |website=ABM University College |language=en-US}}</ref> Yunibesithi ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Botswana ya Maranyane le Boitseanape , <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-01-12 |title=Botswana International University of Science & Technology |url=https://www.biust.ac.bw/ |access-date=2022-05-28 |language=en-US}}</ref> [https://www.bou.ac.bw/ Botswana Open University], [https://www.buan.ac.bw/ Setheo sa Botswana sa Temothuo le Ditsompelo tsa Tlhago], Yunibesithi [https://web.archive.org/web/20240226183114/https://gips.co.bw/ ya Gaborone] [https://www.guc.ac.bw/ ya Dithuto] tsa Molao ke dikolo tse di fang thuto ya ithutelo tiro mo lefatsheng la Botswana. [[Mmadikolo wa Botswana|Yunibesithi ya Botswana]] ke sekolo sa setšhaba se se tlhomilweng ka ngwaga wa 1982 ka molao wa palamente <ref>{{Cite web |date=1982 |title=University of Botswana Act, 1982 |url=https://botswanalaws.com/StatutesActpdf/1982Actpdf/UNIVERSITY%20OF%20BOTSWANA%20ACT,%20NO.%2011%20OF%201982.pdf |access-date=28 May 2022 |website=Laws of Botswana}}</ref> mme ntlokgolo ya sone e kwa [[Gaborone]] . == Tlhomamiso ya tsamaelano ya thuto le seemo sa lefatshe la Botswana == E ne ya re mo nakong e e sa fediseng pelo, morago ga lefatshe la Botswana le sena go tsaya boipuso, ga lemogiwa gore tsamaiso ya thuto ga e fitlhelele matlhokego a setšhaba. E ne e tsentse mogopolo o montsi thata mo thutong ya buka mme ebile e ne e santse e na le matlhasedi a puso ya batho-basweu. Bontsi jwa dilo tse di neng di ithuthuntshiwa di ne di sa tsamaisane le seemo sa botshelo jwa SeAferika, ka jalo dipalo tsa baithuti ba ba neng ba tlogela sekolo di ne di le kwa godimo. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Glavin |first=Chris |date=2017-01-25 |title=Tswanification of the curriculum |url=https://www.k12academics.com/Education%20Worldwide/Education%20in%20Botswana/tswanification-curriculum |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=K12 Academics |language=en |archive-date=2021-05-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516024002/https://www.k12academics.com/Education%20Worldwide/Education%20in%20Botswana/tswanification-curriculum |url-status=dead }}</ref> Go ise go ye kae go ne ga lemogiwa gore go tlhokega phetogo. Baeteledipele ba lefatshe ba ne ba nna le mogopolo wa thulaganyo ya thuto e e neng e tlaa fa botlhe tshono ya go bona thuto e e rileng le go tshegetsa kutlwano magareng ga batho morago ga go lemoga gore setshaba sa Botswana se kgaogantswe go ya ka merafe e e farologaneng ka jalo ba le bantsi ba eme ka nosi.<ref>https://journals.ub.bw/index.php/mosenodi/article/download/1594/1013</ref>E ne ya re ka ngwaga wa 1977 komiti e e neng e tlhomilwe ke puso ya Botswana e ne ya phatlalatsa pego ka ga phetolo ya thuto ka setlhogo se se reng ‘thuto mabapi le kagisano’. <ref name=":1" /> Molao o wa ntlha wa setšhaba wa thuto (NPE) wa ngwaga wa 1977 o ne wa diriwa e le tsibogo ya baeteledipele ba lefatshe la Botswana, ka nako e o, go tswa mo mokgweng wa go ruta wa puso ya batho-basweu ba lefatshe la Borithane fa thuto e ne e le ya batho ba maemo a a rileng go ya kwa thulaganyong e e akaretsang botlhe.<ref>https://www.africabib.org/rec.php?RID=12460496X</ref> Jaaka go gakolotswe mo pegong, go ne ga tsenngwa dithuto tse dintsha tsa konokono mo tsamaisong ya dikolo, mme tsa dira gore thuto e nne maleba le lefatshe la Botswana. <ref name=":1" /> Maikaelelo a mokgwa yo wa thuto e, e ne ele go lebagana thata le tiro ya diatla gore baithuti ba kgone go bona tiro. g6aejqojwusenjegajsi2a3qzibrrg1 0 12460 53985 48871 2026-08-09T15:41:30Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 4 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53985 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:TINA GIFTY NAA AYELEY MENSAH.jpg|thumb|Tina Mensah ]] '''Tina Gifty Naa Ayele Mensah''' (o belegwe ka 23 Ferikgong 1964) ke mopolotiki wa kwa [[:en:Ghanaian_people|Ghana]] ebile ke leloko la palamente ya [[:en:Weija_(Ghana_parliament_constituency)|Weija-Gbawe]]. Ke leloko la [[:en:New_Patriotic_Party|New Patriotic Party]] mme o ne a tlhophiwa go nna motlatsa Tona ya Boitekanelo ke [[:en:Nana_Akufo-Addo|Nana Addo]] ka 15 Mopitlo 2017[https://web.archive.org/web/20200102042255/http://www.myjoyonline.com/politics/2017/March-15th/akufo-addo-releases-list-of-54-more-ministers-and-deputies.php <nowiki>.[1]</nowiki>][https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Tina-Mensah-picked-as-Deputy-Health-Minister-518413 <nowiki>[2][</nowiki>][[https://web.archive.org/web/20240722224324/https://citifmonline.com/2017/03/15/nana-addos-ministers-now-110/ <nowiki>3]</nowiki>] == Botshelo le thuto == Mensah o belegwe ka 23 Ferikgong 1964 kwa [[:en:Jamestown/Usshertown,_Accra|Jamestown]], British Accra ya [[:en:Greater_Accra_Region|Greater Accra Region]]. O ne a dira dithuto tsa gagwe tsa sekontari kwa Sekolong sa Basetsana sa Accra. O na le setankana sa bachelor's in Public Administration le Masters in International Relations le Diplomacy go tswa kwa [[:en:Ghana_Institute_of_Management_and_Public_Administration|Ghana Institute of Management le Public Administration]].[https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Tina-Mensah-picked-as-Deputy-Health-Minister-518413 <nowiki>[ 2]</nowiki>][[http://www.ghanamps.com/mps/details.php?id=5503 <nowiki>5]</nowiki>][https://www.moh.gov.gh/tina-gifty-naa-ayeley-mensah/ <nowiki>[6]</nowiki>] == Dipolotiki == Tina Gifty Mensah ke leloko la [[:en:New_Patriotic_Party|New Patriotic Party]] mme e ne e le leloko la palamente ya [[:en:Weija_Gbawe_Constituency|Weija-Gbawe]] mo [[:en:Greater_Accra_Region|Greater Accra Region]] mo Palamenteng ya Bosupa le ya Borobedi ya Ghana. [https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=43 <nowiki>[7]</nowiki>] == Tiro == E ne e le motsamaisi wa Gemens Company LTD. kwa [[:en:Mamprobi|Mamprobi]], Accra[https://web.archive.org/web/20181031132946/http://www.ghanamps.com/mps/details.php?id=5503 <nowiki>.[ 8]</nowiki>] ==Dietsele == Ka 4 Phato 2017, o ne a abelwa ke Ghana-Nigeria Youth Organization ka ntlha ya boeteledipele jwa gagwe. Ka 2017 o ne a atlholwa jaaka Motlatsa Tona yo o gaisang ke FAKS Investigative Services. == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Tina o nyetse mme o na le bana ba le bararo. O ipitsa Mokeresete.[https://web.archive.org/web/20181031132946/http://www.ghanamps.com/mps/details.php?id=5503 <nowiki>[ 5]</nowiki>] == Metswedi == [https://web.archive.org/web/20200102042255/http://www.myjoyonline.com/politics/2017/March-15th/akufo-addo-releases-list-of-54-more-ministers-and-deputies.php <nowiki>[1] "Akufo-Addo releases list of 54 more ministers and deputies"</nowiki>]. 15 March 2017. Retrieved 31 October 2018. [https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Tina-Mensah-picked-as-Deputy-Health-Minister-518413 <nowiki>[2] "Tina Mensah picked as Deputy Health Minister</nowiki>]". ghanaweb. Retrieved 31 October 2018. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240722224324/https://citifmonline.com/2017/03/15/nana-addos-ministers-now-110/ <nowiki>[3] "Nana Addo's ministers now 110 - citifmonline.com</nowiki>]". citifmonline. 15 March 2017. Retrieved 31 October 2018. [https://mynewsgh.com/how-tina-mensah-responded-to-her-appointment/ <nowiki>[4] "How Tina Mensah Responded to Her Appointment</nowiki>]". MyNewsGh. 17 March 2017. Retrieved 31 October 2018. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181031132946/http://www.ghanamps.com/mps/details.php?id=5503 <nowiki>[5] "Ghana MPs – MP Details – Mensah, Tina Gifty Naa Ayeley</nowiki>]". Ghana MPs. Retrieved 31 October 2018. [https://www.moh.gov.gh/tina-gifty-naa-ayeley-mensah/ <nowiki>[6] "Tina Gifty Naa Ayeley Mensah</nowiki>]". Ministry Of Health. Retrieved 8 December 2020. [https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=43 <nowiki>[7] "Parliament of Ghana"</nowiki>]. parliament of ghana. Retrieved 3 November 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181031132946/http://www.ghanamps.com/mps/details.php?id=5503 <nowiki>[8] "Ghana MPs – MP Details – Mensah, Tina Gifty Naa Ayeley</nowiki>]". www.ghanamps.com. Retrieved 9 March 2019. 2ac1v1yqnp05u1x125qp6lazx27u9on 0 12607 53982 50340 2026-08-09T15:29:45Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53982 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Thembi Simelane|honorific-prefix=Motlotlegi|honorific-suffix=Mopalamente|office=Tona wa bonno|office1=Mopalamente|office2=Tona wa tshiamo le tlhabololo molaomotheo|office3=Tona wa tirisanommogo le ngwao|office4=Mothusa tona wa tirisanommogo le ngwao|office5=Mmatoropo wa [[Polokwane]]|birth_name=Thembisile Phumelele Simelane|birth_date=Tlhakole a le lesome ngwaga wa 1973|birth_place=[[Bethal]] [[Transvaal]]|spouse=Chipyane Nkadimeng|relations=Nokuthula Simelane|alma_mater=[[University of the North]] [[Stellenbosch University]]|term_start=Ngwanaitseele a le malatsi a mararo ngwaga wa 2024|term_start1=Seetebosigo a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa 2024|term_start2=Phukwi a le malatsi a mararo ngwaga wa 2024|term_end2=Ngwanaitseele a le malatsi a mararo ngwaga wa 2024|term_start3=Mopitlwe a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa 2023|term_end3=Seetebosigo a le lesome leborobabongwe ngwaga wa 2024|term_start4=Phatwe a le lesome ngwaga wa 2021|term_end4=Mopitlwe a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa 2023|term_start5=Phukwi 2014|term_end5=Phatwe 2021|president=[[Cyril Ramaphosa]]|president1=[[Cyril Ramaphosa]]|president2=[[Cyril Ramaphosa]]|president3=[[Cyril Ramaphosa]]|predecessor=[[Mmamoloko Kubayi]]|predecessor1=[[Ronald Lamola]]|predecessor2=[[Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma]]|predecessor3=[[Parks Tau]]|predecessor4=[[Freddy Greaver]]}} '''Thembisile Phumelele Simelane-Nkadimeng''' (o o bonweng ka Tlhakole a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 1973) ke mopilotiki wa kwa [[Aforika Borwa]] o o berekang e le tona wa bonno fa e sale ka Ngwanaitseele 2024. Ke leloko la [[African National Congress]] (ANC), pele e ne e le tona wa tirisanommogo mo pusong go tswa ka Mopitlwe 2023 go tsena Seetebosigo 2024, a nna tona wa tshiamo le tlhabololo molaomotheo go tswa ka Seetebosigo 2024 go tsena Ngwanaitseele 2024. E ne e le molwela ditshwanelo wa moithuti kwa [[Turfloop]], Nkadimeng o simolotse tiro ya gagwe a berekela puso a tsena mo polotiking semmuso ka Phukwi 2014 e le mmatoropo wa [[Polokwane]]. Mo dingwageng tsa bofelo e le mmatoropo, o ne gape e le tautona wa lekgotla la puso ya mo gae go tswa ka 2019 go tsena 2021. O nnile bo ntlha jwa puso ka Phatwe 2021, fa tautona [[Cyril Ramaphosa]] a mo thapa go nna mothusa tona wa tirisanommogo mo pusong le dikgang tsa ngwao. Pele ga bokopano jwa masome a matlhano le botlhano ka Ngwanaitseele 2022, Nkadimeng o ne a tlhophiwa mo setlheng sa dingwaga tse tlhano mo komiting ya pereko. Ramaphosa o ne a mo tlhatlosa maemo go nna leloko la khuduthamaga morago ga bokopano joo, o ne a tlhomiwa tona wa tshiamo le tlhabololo molaomotheo morago ga ditlhopho tsa Motsheganong 2024. O ne a tswakanngwa go nna tona wa bonno ka Ngwanaitseele 2024. == Botshelo jwa a le mmotlana == Simelane o bonwe ka Tlhakole a le lesome ngwaga wa 1973 kwa [[Bethal]] kwa e neng e le kgaolo ya [[Transvaal]] Botlhaba (kwa e leng [[Mpumalanga]] gompieno).<ref name=":0">[https://www.cogta.gov.za/index.php/minister-thembi-nkadimeng/ "Minister Thembi Nkadimeng".] ''Cooperative Affairs and Governance''. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref> Fa e le moithuti wa sekolo se segolwane ka dingwaga tsa bofelo tsa puso ya tlhaolele, o ne a le matlhagatlhaga mo bokopanong jwa baithuti ba Aforika Borwa.<ref name=":0" /> O tsene sekolo se segolwane sa ithutelo ditiro sa [[University of the North]], kwa a neng a rutuntshiwa ke [[Joyce Mashamba]].<ref name=":1">[https://www.citizen.co.za/review-online/139536/a-day-in-the-life-of-the-citys-first-citizen/ "A day in the life of the city's first citizen".] ''Polokwane Observer''. 13 March 2016. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref> O alogile ka Bachelor of Arts ka 1994, diploma ya thuto e kgolwane ka 1995, le Honours ka 1997.<ref name=":0" /> Kwa Turfloop, o ne a tswelela a le matlhagatlhaga mo polotiking ya baithuti, e le leloko (morago a nna mothusa tautona) wa khansele ya kemedi ya baithuti le leloko la bokopano jwa baithuti ba Aforika Borwa (SASCO); e ne e le mokwaledi wa SASCO wa kgaolo ya Transvaal Bokone (kwa e leng [[Limpopo]] gompieno) ka 1994 go tsena 1996.<ref name=":0" /><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20251110164831/https://publicsectorleaders.co.za/hon-nkadimeng-is-our-latest-woman-in-leadership/ "Hon. Nkadimeng is Our Latest Woman in Leadership".] ''Public Sector Leaders''. 22 May 2024. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref> Ka 1997, Simelane o ne a simolola tiro ya gagwe mo tsamaisong ya morago ga puso ya tlhaolele, mo sebakeng sa dingwaga tse di lesome tse di latelang, o ne a nna mo maemong a a farologaneng mo maphateng a mane a puso, a a tlhomogileng e le a e le mookamedi wa ofisi ya ditlhaeletsanyo kwa ofising ya moeteledipele wa [[Limpopo]] go tswa ka 2002 go tsena 2006.<ref name=":0" /> Go tswa ka 2009 go tsena 2013, o ne a fudugela kwa mohameng o o ikemetseng e le mookamedi wa tsa pereko kwa [[Anglo American Platinum]].<ref name=":0" /> Morago ga go tswa kwa Anglo, o ne a nna mookamedi wa Golden Threats, kompone e e itebagantseng le dipeeletso tsa dikompone e bareki ba yone ba akaretsang Anglo,BKS, le Development Corporation.<ref name=":2">[https://www.citizen.co.za/review-online/news-headlines/2014/07/02/thembi-nkadimeng-will-take-up-mayoral-seat/ "Thembi Nkadimeng will take up mayoral seat".] ''Polokwane Observer''. 1 July 2014. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref> Fa a tsweletse a bereka, o ne a le mo maemong a a kwa godimo mo makalaneng a mo gae a [[African National Congress]] (ANC) le lekgotla la yone la bomme kwa [[Polokwane]],Limpopo.<ref name=":0" /> Fa godimo ga moo, o ne a dira Bachelor of Philosophy ya melao kwa [[Stellenbosch University]] ka 2001 a fetsa lenaneo la bookamedi jo bo tlhomogileng kwa [[Wits Business School]] ka 2009.<ref name=":0" /> == Mmatoropo wa Polokwane:2014 go tsena 2021 == Ka Phukwi a rogwa ngwaga wa 2014, e le bontlha jwa tswakanyo ya bo mmasepala ba [[Limpopo]], ANC e ne ya itsise fa e tlaa tlhopha Nkadimeng e le mmatoropo wa mmasepala wa [[Polokwane]] morago ga go ithola marapo ga ga [[Freddy Greaver]].<ref name=":2" /> O ne a tlhophiwa gape go nna mmatoropo morago ga ditlhopho tsa mo gae tsa 2016, a fenya Frank Haas wa [[Democratic Alliance]].<ref>[https://www.citizen.co.za/review-online/news-headlines/2016/08/25/thembi-nkadimeng-re-elected-as-polokwane-executive-mayor/ "Thembi Nkadimeng re-elected as Polokwane Executive Mayor".] ''Polokwane Observer''. 25 August 2016. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref> Pampiri ya dikgang ya ''Sowetan'' e ne ya re o dirisana mmogo le ratoropo wa Limpopo [[Stan Mathabatha]].<ref name=":3">[https://www.sowetan.co.za/news/2014-10-25-anti-zumas-hitting-back-limpopo-cartel-wins-poll/ "Anti-zumas hitting back – Limpopo cartel wins poll".] ''Sowetan''. 25 October 2014. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref> Setlha sa ga Nkadimeng e le mmatoropo se ne se lebanwe ke mathata a sepolotiki. O emetse ditlhopho gabedi e le ntlhopheng wa modulasetilo wa kgaolo ya [[Peter Mokaba]] wa ANC, mme a latlhegelwa kgatlhanong l[[e Motalane Monakedi]] ka Phalane 2014 le [[John Mpe]] ka Phukwi 2018.<ref name=":3" /><ref>[https://www.citizen.co.za/review-online/news-headlines/2014/10/22/monakedi-victorious/ "Monakedi victorious".] ''Polokwane Observer''. 22 October 2014. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref><ref>[https://www.citizen.co.za/review-online/news-headlines/2018/07/12/demands-for-expectations-about-city-mayor-getting-chop/ "Demands for, expectations about city mayor getting chop".] ''Polokwane Observer''. 12 July 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref> Mo ditlhophong tsa 2018, o ne a tshosediwa ka letsholo la gagwe,<ref>[https://www.sowetan.co.za/sundayworld/news/2017-10-02-anc-mayor-flees-post-after-death-threats2/ "ANC mayor flees post after death threats".] ''Sowetan''. 2 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref> go latlhegelwa ga gagwe go ne ga baka kopo ya semmuso ya ga Mpe gore Nkadimeng a ntshiwe mo ofising ya mmatoropo.<ref>[https://www.news24.com/citypress/news/limpopo-mayors-face-the-axe-20181014 "Limpopo mayors face the axe".] ''City Press''. 14 October 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref> Phathi ya kganetso ya [[Economic Freedom Fighters]] le yone e ne ya re a ntshiwe ka 2021 morago ga mosekisi mogolo a sena go ntsha pego ya tshekatsheko ya mmasepala wa Polokwane.<ref>[https://www.capricornfm.co.za/calls-for-polokwane-mayors-removal-deemed-baseless/ "Calls for Polokwane Mayor's removal deemed 'baseless'"]. ''Capricorn FM''. 8 July 2021. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref> Ka Seetebosigo 2019, Nkadimeng o ne a tlhophiwa go tlhatlhama [[Parks Tau]] e le tautona wa lekgotla la [[Local Government Association]] (SALGA); pele e ne e le modulasetilo wa lekgotla leo kwa Limpopo.<ref>[https://www.sowetan.co.za/sundayworld/news/2019-06-17-thembi-nkadimeng-new-president-of-salga/ "Thembi Nkadimeng new president of Salga".] ''Sowetan''. 17 June 2019. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref> == Puso ya lefatshe == === Tirisanommogo le puso: 2021 go tsena 2024 === Ka Phatwe a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa 2021, tautona [[Cyril Ramaphosa]] o ne a itsise fa a thapile Nkadimeng go nna mothusa tona wa tirisanommogo le tsa ngwao.<ref>[https://www.sanews.gov.za/features-south-africa/meet-new-cabinet "Meet the new Cabinet".] ''South African Government News Agency''. 6 August 2021. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref><ref>[https://www.news24.com/southafrica/news/cabinet-reshuffle-thembisile-simelane-nkadimeng-the-best-limpopo-has-produced-20210807 "Cabinet reshuffle: Thembisile Simelane-Nkadimeng 'the best Limpopo has produced'".] ''News24''. 7 August 2021. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref> A tlhomamisitswe ka Phatwe a le lesome,<ref>[https://www.sabcnews.com/sabcnews/thandi-modise-thembi-nkadimeng-to-be-sworn-in/ "Thandi Modise, Thembi Nkadimeng to be sworn-in".] ''SABC News''. 10 August 2021. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref> o ne a ithola marapo e le mmatoropo wa Polokwane le tautona wa SALGA.<ref>[https://iol.co.za/pretoria-news/news/2021-08-11-polokwane-mayor-thembi-nkadimeng-departs-for-a-higher-post/ "Polokwane mayor Thembi Nkadimeng departs for a higher post".] ''Pretoria News''. 11 August 2021. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref> [[John Mpe]] o ne a mo tlhatlhama go nna rratoropo.<ref>[https://iol.co.za/pretoria-news/news/2021-09-03-john-mpe-sworn-in-as-polokwane-mayor/ "John Mpe sworn in as Polokwane mayor".] ''Pretoria News''. 3 September 2021. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref> Ngwaga o o latelang, ka Ngwanaitseele 2022,bokopanog jwa ANC jwa masome a matlhano le botlhano bo ne jwa tlhopha Nkadimeng mo setlheng sa dingwaga tse tlhano mo komiti kgolo ya phathi. O ne a amogetse ditlhopho di le sekete, makgolo a marataro, masome a robabobedi le bonngwe mo ditalameng di le dikete di le nne, le masome a mabedi le borobabongwe, se se mo dira ntlhopheng wa lesome le botlhano mo komiting ya maloko a le masome a robabobedi.<ref>[https://www.politicsweb.co.za/documents/anc-nec-election-results-2022 "ANC NEC election results".] ''Politicsweb''. 21 December 2022. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref> O ne a tlhophilwe gape go nna leloko la komiti ya pereko,<ref>[https://mg.co.za/politics/2023-01-29-ramaphosa-consolidates-control-over-anc-with-clean-sweep-in-national-working-committee-2/ "Ramaphosa consolidates control over ANC with clean sweep in national working committee".] ''The Mail & Guardian''. 29 January 2023. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref> a thapilwe e le modulasetilo wa komiti potlana ya peo molao le puso, <ref>[https://www.politicsweb.co.za/documents/members-of-deployment-committee-and-other-committe "Members of deployment committee and other committees appointed – ANC NEC".] ''PoliticsWeb''. 26 February 2023. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref>gape a le mo setlhopheng sa komiti kgolo se se neng se filwe maikarabelo a go loga maano a puso e e kopaneng.<ref>Mahlati, Zintle (23 February 2023). [https://www.news24.com/politics/anc-tasks-makhura-nkadimeng-mokonyane-with-solving-partys-coalition-conundrum-20230223 "ANC tasks Makhura, Nkadimeng, Mokonyane with solving party's coalition conundrum".] ''News24''. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref> Morago ga bokopano jwa masome a matlhano le botlhano, Nkadimeng o ne a tlhatlhama [[Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma]] e le tona wa tirisanommogo le ngwao mo tswakanyong ya matona ka Mopitlwe a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa 2023. <ref>Tandwa, Lizeka (6 March 2023). [https://mg.co.za/politics/2023-03-06-ramaphosa-names-his-electricity-minister-paul-mashatile-becomes-new-deputy-president/ "Ramaphosa names his electricity minister, Paul Mashatile becomes new deputy president".] ''The Mail & Guardian''. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref>Mongwe wa matona a mabedi a a neng a thapilwe mo khuduthamageng go tswa kwa ntle ga palamente, go bolelwa fa a ne a itlhophetswe ke Ramaphosa.<ref>Tandwa, Lizeka (6 March 2023). [https://mg.co.za/politics/2023-03-06-who-patel-and-godogwana-could-make-way-for-as-cabinet-reshuffle-speculation-continues/ "Who Patel and Godogwana could make way for, as cabinet reshuffle speculation continues".] ''The Mail & Guardian''. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref> Parks Tau le [[Zolile Burns-Ncamashe]] ba ne ba thapiwa e le bathusi ba gagwe.<ref>[https://www.gov.za/news/speeches/president-cyril-ramaphosa-new-members-national-executive-06-mar-2023 "President Cyril Ramaphosa: New members of National Executive".] ''South African Government''. 6 March 2023. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref> Fa a sena go thapiwa,Nkadimeng o ne a re nngwe ya maikaelelo magolo a gagwe e le tona ke go netefatsa go itshetlela ga bo mmasepala,bogolo jang tse di busiwang ke bokopano.<ref>Hunter, Qaanitah (9 March 2023). [https://www.news24.com/politics/first-priority-for-new-cogta-minister-bring-stability-to-sas-chaotic-coalition-led-municipalities-20230309 "First priority for new Cogta minister: Bring stability to SA's chaotic coalition-led municipalities".] ''News24''. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref> Go tsamaisana le se, o ne a kwadisa molao wa makhanselara. Adriaan Basson wa News24 o ne a mo akgolela maitsholo a gagwe a bogolo le tsepamo a dipuso tse di kopaneng. O ne a simolodisa molao wa kemo nokeng, kelotlhoko le go tsaya karolo wa 2023, o o neng o akaretsa ditsela tsa go tsaya karolo mo go bo mmasepala ba ba sa tsamaisiweng sentle ga puso, le melawana ya go dira metheo ya ditlhabololo tsa dikgaolo. Lephata la gagwe le ne la okamela seemo sa dipharagobe mo dikgaolong tse di farologaneng morago ga ditiragalo tsa seemo sa bosa se se sa iketlang, Nkadimeng o ne a filwe marapo a go buisana le lekgotla la babereki ba mmasepala ka mogwanto le ngalo ditiro kwa [[Matjhabeng]].<ref>Ngubeni, Nonkululeko (7 March 2024). [https://web.archive.org/web/20251009201532/https://vistanews.co.za/will-talks-end-strike-20240307-3/ "Will talks end strike?".] ''News24''. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref> === Tshiamo le bonno: 2024 - go tsena gompieno === Ka dilthopho tsa Motsheganong 2024, Nkadimeng o ne a tlhophiwa go ya palamenteng ya Aforika Brwa. Ka Seetebosigo a le masome mararo, tautona Ramaphosa o ne a itsise fa a mo tlhophilwe mo khuduthamageng ya gagwe ya boraro e le tona wa tshiamo le tlhabololo molaomotheo , Andries Nel e le mothusi wa gagwe. Ba ne ba tlhomamisiwa e le tona le mothusa tona ka Phukwi a le malatsi a mararo ngwaga wa 2024. Se se ne sa sala morago go tlhamiwa ga GNU ka kopano, morago ga gore ANC e latlhegelwe ke bontsi ka ditlhopho. Lephata leo pele le ne le okametse lephata la dipaakanyo, le le tlhamilweng e le lephata le le ikemetseng mo GNU go akaretsa maloko a diphathi tse dikopaneng e le matona. Simelane o ne a tswakanngwa go nna tona wa bonno ka Ngwanaitseele 2024.<ref>O'Regan, Victoria (3 December 2024). [https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2024-12-03-ramaphosa-removes-simelane-as-justice-minister-but-keeps-her-in-the-cabinet/ "Ramaphosa axes Simelane as justice minister — but keeps her in the Cabinet".] Daily Maverick.</ref> == Tsa semolao == Ka ngwaga wa 2016, Simelane e le mmatoropo wa Polokwane o ne a amogela madi a kadimo a dikete di le makgolo a matlhano, masome a supa le botlhano go tswa kwa mmaakanyi wa VBS wa lebentlele la kofi; madi ao ke one fela a a adimisitsweng ka 2016. Ka ngwaga wa 2024, mapodisi a ne a tlhasela diofisi tsa mmasepala wa Polokwane go batla bosupi jwa tshenyetso setshaba jo bo tsamaelanang le peeletso ya didkadike di le makgolo a mararo, masome a mane le borobabongwe le banka ya VBS Mutual ka 2016 le 2017. Madi a go ne go belaelwa a amana le go utswa madi kwa mmasepaleng oo fa o berekisana le banka ya VBS . Ka Phalane a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa 2024, Simelane o ne a re o boleletse tautona Ramaphosa ka madi ao pele ga a mo thapa mo khuduthamageng ya gagwe. Ka Moranang a le lesome le borataro ngwaga wa 2025, DA e ne ya sekisetsa Simelane go tsietsa Eskom ka madi a dikete di le makgolo a supa. == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Nkadimeng o ne a nyetswe ke mopolotiki Chipyane Clifton Nkadimeng go fitlhelela ka 2019, fa ba tlhalana. Pampiri ya The Sunday World e ne ya bega gore o ne a beeleditswe ke Matome Ralebipi, modulasetilo wa lekgotla la Limpopo Roads ka Tlhakole 2024.O na le bana ba le bane, gape o godisitse ngwana wa ga kgaitsadie.<ref name=":1" /> Mogoloe, Nokuthula Simelane, e ne e le molweladitshwanelo o o kgatlhanong le puso ya tlhaolele le mmereki wa Umkhonto we Sizwe, o a neng a nyelela ka nako ya Nkadimeng e santse e le ngwana ka 1983 a le dingwaga di le masome mabedi le boraro. Go ne ga upololwa ka komiti ya boammaruri gore Simelane o ne a tshwerwe kwa Johannesburg a isiwa kwa Vlakplaas, kwa a neng a bogisiwa mo go tseneletseng ke maloko a lekalana la tshireletso. Ba thusiwa ke lekgotla la ditshwanelo tsa setho, Nkadimeng le ba lelapa la gagwe ba ne ba bolotsa letsholo mo boemong jwa ga Simelane le batswa setlhabelo ba bangwe ba melato ya puso ya tlhaolele, ba batla tshekiso le dikarabo. Nkadimeng o inotswe are tsheko ya ga mogoloe e supa go itlhokomolosa dikgakololo tsa TRC ke puso ya Aforika Borwa .<ref>Dube, Mpho (20 June 2019). [https://www.sowetan.co.za/news/south-africa/2019-06-20-family-wants-truth-after-36-years/ "Family wants truth after 36 years".] ''Sowetan''. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2016, Lekgotla la boatlhodi le ne la itsise fa le tlaa sekisetsa banna ba le bane molato wa go tsaya Simelane ka dikgoka, lelapa la gagwe lo ne la kwala tumelo ya gore o tlhokafetse ka 2018.<ref>[https://mg.co.za/article/2018-12-07-00-family-lose-hope-mk-fighter-is-alive/ "Family loses hope MK fighter is alive".] ''The Mail & Guardian''. 7 December 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref> Tsheko ya polao e ne e tsweletse ka 2024.<ref>[https://www.news24.com/citypress/politics/justice-on-the-horizon-for-nokuthula-simelane-20240410 "Justice still far for anti-apartheid activist Nokuthula Simelane".] ''City Press''. 10 April 2024. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref> == Metswedi == ttwo8243r29z4w61elu3mb8ql0ym85k 0 12641 53980 47177 2026-08-09T15:14:19Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53980 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Temilade Salami|other names=Global Temi|alma mater=[[University of Sussex]]|occupation=Moitseanape wa tsa tikologo|years active=2018 go tsena gompieno|spouse=[[Gideon Oluwaseun Olarewaju]]}} '''Temilade Salami''', o o itsegeng gape ka leina la '''Global Temi,''' ke moitseanape le mokwadi wa thuto ya seemo sa loapi le mogasa mafoko wa kwa [[Nigeria]]. O tshotswe ka Seetebosigo a le lesome.<ref>Okeke, Ifeoma (2021-04-04). [https://businessday.ng/interview/article/why-we-are-leading-environmental-change-in-nigeria-through-tree-planting-salami/ "Why we are leading environmental change in Nigeria through tree planting - Salami".] ''Businessday NG''. Retrieved 2026-01-27</ref><ref name=":0">[https://guardian.ng/features/prominent-environmentalist-temilade-salami-launches-childrens-book-to-drive-sustainability-culture/ "Prominent environmentalist, Temilade Salami, launches children's book to drive sustainability culture".] ''The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News''. 2021-04-02. Retrieved 2026-01-27</ref> Temilade Salami o bereka e le mookamedi mogolo wa "EcoChampions" lekgotla le le emang nokeng banana ka ditsompelo, le didirisiwa tse di tlhokafalang go tsaya kgato ka seemo sa loapi.<ref name=":1">Lawverse (2023-09-25). [https://web.archive.org/web/20240403201717/https://lawverse.com.ng/resources/news-research/30-under-30-changemakers/ "30 UNDER 30 CHANGEMAKERS - Lawverse".] Archived from the original on 2024-04-03. Retrieved 2026-01-27</ref> O ne a fiwa tlotla ya mongwe wa baeteledipele ba kgothetso le go ikemela ba masome mabedi le botlhano ba ba dingwaga di kwa tlase ga masome a mabedi le botlhano ba Nigeria ka 2020, le tlotla ya moemedi wa 2018 wa LASEPA kgatlhanong le kgotlelo ya modumo, le tlotla ya 2018 ya batho ba Aforika ba ba nang le talente ya dikakanyo ba mo bokamosong ga mmogo le monana wa 2018 wa Carrington.<ref name=":2">[https://greeninstitute.ng/temilade-salami "Temilade Salami"]. ''THE GREEN INSTITUTE''. Retrieved 2026-01-27</ref> Go ya ka Temilade, "setlhogo sa thuto ya seemo sa loapi ga e a tsenngwa leitlho thata mo seraleng sa phetogo ya seemo sa loapi, le ntswa thuto e le botlhokwa go ka isa pele dikgato tsa seemo sa loapi. Ka jalo, banana ba ba ka nnang le seabe se se tona mo go tlhameng ditharabololo tsa seemo sa loapi ga ba ise ba amogele dithuto tse di itebagantseng le seemo sa loapi. Banana ba ba rutetsweng seemo sa loapi, ba na le kitso e e tshwanetseng, le bokgoni jwa go tlhaloganya le go rarabolola maduo a phetogo ya seemo sa loapi. Ka jalo, thuto ya seemo sa loapi e tshwanetse go tokafadiwa go emelana le matlhoko a lefatshe ka bophara". <ref>[https://www.globalpartnership.org/blog/what-young-people-want-education-un-general-assembly "What young people want for education at the UN General Assembly | Blog | Global Partnership for Education".] ''www.globalpartnership.org''. Retrieved 2026-01-27</ref> == Tiro == Temilade o simolodisitse EcoChampions, lekgotla le le eteletsweng pele ke banana, ka maikaelelo a go fokotsa go tlhoka kitso ka seemo sa loapi.<ref name=":3">[https://live.worldbank.org/en/experts/t/temilade-salami "Temilade Salami".] ''World Bank Live''. Retrieved 2026-01-27</ref><ref name=":2" /><ref>[https://africanmasterclass.org/speakers/temilade-olanrewaju/ "Temilade Olanrewaju".] ''African Masterclass Series''. Retrieved 2026-01-27</ref> Temilade ke leloko la magokaganyane a lekgotla la [[UNESCO]] a SDG4YOUTH, le bokopano jwa mafatshefatshe jwa [[World Bank]]. O ne a tlhophilwe go nna mongwe wa baeteledipele ba ba dingwaga tse di kwa tlase ga masome mabedi le botlhano ba le masome mabedi le botlhano ka 2020 kwa Nigeria ba ba itebagantseng le kgothetso le go ikemela, a tlhophiwa ke LASEPA ka 2018 go nna moemedi kgatlhanong le kgotlhelo ya modumo le monana wa thulaganyo ya US ya Carrington.<ref name=":0" /><ref>Nda-Isaiah, Solomon (2023-02-10). [https://leadership.ng/soyinka-others-named-nigerias-changing-face-of-education/ "Soyinka, Others Named Nigeria's Changing Face Of Education"]. ''Leadership News''. Retrieved 2026-01-27</ref><ref>Kiunguyu, Kylie (2022-03-14). [https://thisisafrica.me/africans-rising/temilade-salami-sussex-cop-climate-leader-prize/ "Meet Temilade Salami co-winner of Univ. of Sussex COP Climate Leader Prize award".] Retrieved 2026-01-27</ref> O kwadile dibuka di le pedi tsa ditshwantsho tsa tikologo, tsa bana. Ke ene a simolodisitseng thulaganyo ya baeteledipele ba thuto ya seemo sa loapi mo [[Aferika|Aforika]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250923033914/https://www.globalpartnership.org/who-we-are/partners/youth "Youth leaders | Global Partnership for Education".] ''www.globalpartnership.org''. Retrieved 2026-01-27</ref><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":0" /> == Thuto == O na le dithutego tsa masters degree tsa tikologo, tlhabololo le melao go tswa kwa sekolong se segolwane sa ithutelo ditiro sa [[Sussex]].<ref>Team, Web. [https://www.sussex.ac.uk/alumni/falmer-magazine/people/alumni-news "Alumni news : Sussex people : Falmer magazine : Development and Alumni Relations : University of Sussex".] ''www.sussex.ac.uk''. Retrieved 2026-01-27</ref><ref name=":1" /> * O dirile Bachelor's degree ya maranyane a ditshidi tsa metsi kwa [[University of Lagos]] ka 2014 go tsena 2018 * O na le setlankana sa sekolo se segolwane sa Ifelodun Comprehensive High School go tswa ka 2009 go tsena 2011. == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Ka Motsheganong 2023, Salami o ne a tsena mo nyalong le [[Gideon Oluwaseun Olarewaju]] kwa Nigeria.<ref>Iwalaiye, Temi (2023-05-24). [https://www.pulse.ng/story/nigerian-bride-ditches-gown-and-wears-suit-for-her-civil-wedding-2024072611483358592 "Nigerian bride ditches gown and wears suit for her civil wedding".] ''Pulse Nigeria''. Retrieved 2026-01-27</ref> == Metswedi == iz8vxc9cu9lhh2a841prvl6ohihi318 0 12736 53986 53883 2026-08-09T15:59:11Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53986 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ditlou tsa Aforika''' ke maloko a [[:en:Genus_(biology)|mofuta]] wa '''''Loxodonta''''' o o nang le [[:en:Species|mefuta]] e mebedi ya [[:en:Elephant|ditlou]] tse di tshelang, tlou ya [[:en:African_bush_elephant|sekgwa ya Aforika]] ( ''L. africana'' ) le [[:en:African_forest_elephant|tlou e nnye ya sekgwa sa Aforika]] ( ''L. cyclotis'' ) . Bobedi jo ke diphologolo tse di jang [[:en:Herbivore|ditlhatsana]] tse di nang le letlalo le le [[:en:Skin|bosetlha]] . Le fa go ntse jalo, di farologana ka bogolo le mmala wa [[:en:Tusk|lenaka]] ga mmogo le popego le bogolo jwa [[:en:Ear|ditsebe]] le [[:en:Skull|marapo a ditlhogo]] tsa tsone . Mefuta ka bobedi e mo kotsing ya go nyelela go ya ka [[:en:IUCN_Red_List|Lenaane le Lehibidu la IUCN;]] go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2021, tlou ya sekgwa e tsewa e le mo [[:en:Endangered_species|kotsing ya go nyelela]] fa tlou ya sekgwa yone e tsewa e le mo [[:en:Critically_endangered|kotsing e e masisi]]. Di tshosediwa ke go [[:en:Habitat_loss|latlhegelwa ke bonno]] le go kgaogana, mmogo le go [[:en:Poaching|tsomiwa]] ga [[:en:Ivory_trade|kgwebisano ya dinaka]] tsa tlou e e seng ka fa molaong mo dinageng di le mmalwa tsa mefutafuta. ''Loxodonta'' ke nngwe ya mefuta e mebedi e e santseng e le teng mo lelapeng la [[:en:Elephantidae|Elephantidae]]. Leina le le kaya leino le le thata le le bopegileng jaaka teemane ya meno a tsone a meno a akwa morago mo ganong. [[:en:Fossil|Masalela a masaledi]] a mefuta ya Loxodonta a fitlhetswe mo Aforika, go simolola ka nako ya bofelo ya motlha wa Miocene (go tloga ka dingwaga di ka nna didikadike di le supa go ya kwa boratarong tse di fetileng) go ya pele. == Thuto ya mafoko == Leina la ''Loxodonta'' le tswa mo mafokong a [[:en:Ancient_Greek|Segerika sa Bogologolo]] λοξός (''loxós'', "go sekamela", "go kgabaganya") le ὀδούς (odoús, "leino"), le le kayang enamele e e bopegileng jaaka teemane ([[:en:Lozenge_(shape)|lozenge]]) ya [[:en:Molar_teeth|meno a a ko morago mo ganong]], e e farologaneng thata le ya sebopego se se dikologang sa enamele ya [[:en:Asian_elephant|tlou ya Asia]].<ref>Cuvier, F. (1825). "[[iarchive:histoirenaturel6geof/page/n115|Éléphants d'Afrique]]". In Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire, É.; Cuvier, F. (eds.). Histoire Naturelle des Mammifères, avec des figures originales, coloriées, dessinées d'après des animaux vivans. Vol. Tome 6. Paris: A. Belain. pp. 117–118.</ref> == Thulaganyo ya ditshedi le thutotlhagelelo == [[:en:Scientific_description|Tlhaloso ya ntlha ya saense]] ya tlou ya Aforika e kwadilwe ka ngwaga wa 1797 ke [[:en:Johann_Friedrich_Blumenbach|Johann Friedrich Blumenbach]], yo o neng a akantsha [[:en:Scientific_name|leina la saense]] la ''Elephas africanus''.<ref>Blumenbach, J. F. (1797). "[http://www.deutschestextarchiv.de/book/view/blumenbach_naturgeschichte_1797?p=147 2. Africanus]". Handbuch der Naturgeschichte [Handbook of Natural History] (Fifth ed.). Göttingen: Johann Christian Dieterich. p. 125.</ref> [[wiktionary:Loxodonta|''Loxodonte'']] e ne ya akantshiwa jaaka leina la kakaretso la tlou ya Aforika ke [[:en:Frédéric_Cuvier|Frédéric Cuvier]] ka ngwaga wa 1825. Mokwadi yo o sa itsiweng o ne a dirisa mopeleto wa Selatine wa ''Loxodonta'' ka ngwaga wa 1827.<ref>Anonymous (1827). "[[iarchive:zoologicaljourna318271828sowe/page/140|Analytical Notices of Books. Histoire Naturelle des Mammifères, avec des Figures originale, dessinées d'après des Animaux vivans; &c. Par MM. Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire, et F. Cuvier. Livraison 52 et 53".]] The Zoological Journal. 3 (9): 140–143.</ref> Mokwadi yo o ne a amogelwa jaaka molaodi ke [[:en:International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature|Molao wa Boditšhabatšhaba wa Maina a Diphologolo]] ka ngwaga wa 1999.<ref>[[:en:Jeheskel_Shoshani|Shoshani, J.]] (2005). "[http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=11500008 Genus Loxodonta]". In [[:en:Don_E._Wilson|Wilson, D.E.]]; Reeder, D.M (eds.). [http://www.google.com/books?id=JgAMbNSt8ikC&pg=PA91 Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference] (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 91. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-8221-0|978-0-8018-8221-0.]] [[:en:OCLC_(identifier)|OCLC]] [https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/62265494 62265494].</ref> ''Elephas (Loxodonta'') cyclotis e ne ya tshitshinngwa ke [[:en:Paul_Matschie|Paul Matschie]] ka ngwaga wa 1900, yo o neng a tlhalosa [[:en:Zoological_specimen|dikao]] [[:en:Zoological_specimen|tsa diphologolo]] tse tharo tsa ditlou tsa Aforika go tswa kwa Cameroon tse [[:en:Skull|marapo a ditlhogo]] tsa tsone di neng di farologana ka popego le tsa ditlhogo tsa ditlou tse di kokoantsweng gongwe le gongwe mo Aforika.<ref>Matschie, P. (1900). [[iarchive:sitzungsberichte1900gese/page/194|"Geographische Abarten des Afrikanischen Elefanten"]]. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin. 3: 189–197.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1936, [[:en:Glover_Morrill_Allen|Glover Morrill Allen]] o ne a tsaya tlou e e le mofuta o o farologaneng mme a e bitsa 'tlou ya sekgwa';<ref>Allen, G. M. (1936). "Zoological results of the George Vanderbilt African Expedition of 1934. Part II — The forest elephant of Africa". Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 88: 15–44. [[:en:JSTOR_(identifier)|JSTOR]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/4064188 4064188].</ref> bakwadi ba moragonyana ba ne ba e tsaya e le [[:en:Subspecies|mofutapotlana]].<ref name=":0">Laurson, B.; Bekoff, M. (1978). "[http://www.science.smith.edu/departments/Biology/VHAYSSEN/msi/pdf/i0076-3519-092-01-0001.pdf Loxodonta africana]" (PDF). Mammalian Species (92): 1–8. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.2307/3503889|10.2307/3503889]]. [[:en:JSTOR_(identifier)|JSTOR]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/3503889 3503889]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:253949585 253949585]. Retrieved 5 August 2010.</ref><ref>Estes, R. D. (1999). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=Xqp7poFviNcC&pg=PA223 Elephant ''Loxodonta africana'' Family Elephantidae, Order Proboscidea"]. ''The Safari Companion: A Guide to Watching African Mammals Including Hoofed Mammals, Carnivores, and Primates'' (Revised and expanded&#x20;ed.). Vermont: Chelsea Green Publishing Company. pp.&#x20;223–233. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;[[:en:Special:BookSources/1-890132-44-6|<bdi>1-890132-44-6</bdi>.]]</ref>Ditshekatsheko tsa popego le tsa dijini fa e sa le di neelana ka bosupi jwa dipharologano tsa maemo a mefuta magareng ga tlou ya sekgwa ya Aforika le tlou ya sekgwa ya Aforika.<ref name=":2">Grubb, P.; Groves, C. P.; Dudley, J. P. & Shoshani, J. (2000). [[doi:10.22237/elephant/1521732169|"Living African elephants belong to two species: ''Loxodonta africana'' (Blumenbach, 1797) and ''Loxodonta cyclotis'' (Matschie, 1900)".]] ''Elephant''. '''2''' (4): 1–4. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.22237/elephant/1521732169|10.22237/elephant/1521732169.]]</ref><ref>Roca, A. L.; Georgiadis, N.; Pecon-Slattery, J. & O'Brien, S. J. (2001). "[https://zenodo.org/record/1230804 Genetic Evidence for Two Species of Elephant in Africa".] Science. 293 (5534): 1473–1477. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]][https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001Sci...293.1473R :2001Sci...293.1473R]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1126/science.1059936|10.1126/science.1059936]]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11520983 11520983]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:38285623 38285623].</ref><ref>Rohland, N.; Malaspinas, A.-S.; Pollack, J. L.; Slatkin, M.; Matheus, P. & Hofreiter, M. (2007). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1925134 "Proboscidean Mitogenomics: Chronology and Mode of Elephant Evolution Using Mastodon as Outgroup"]. PLOS Biology. 5 (8) e207. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0050207|10.1371/journal.pbio.0050207]]. [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1925134 1925134]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17676977 17676977].</ref><ref name=":3">Rohland, N.; Reich, D.; Mallick, S.; Meyer, M.; Green, R. E.; Georgiadis, N. J.; Roca, A. L. & Hofreiter, M. (2010). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3006346 "Genomic DNA sequences from mastodon and woolly mammoth reveal deep speciation of forest and savanna elephants"]. PLOS Biology. 8 (12) e1000564. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1000564|10.1371/journal.pbio.1000564]]. [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3006346 3006346]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21701575 21203580].</ref><ref>Murphy, W. J.; Ishida, Y.; Oleksyk, T. K.; Georgiadis, N. J.; David, V. A.; Zhao, K.; Stephens, R. M.; Kolokotronis, S.-O. & Roca, A. L. (2011). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3110795 "Reconciling Apparent Conflicts between Mitochondrial and Nuclear Phylogenies in African Elephants"]. PLOS ONE. 6 (6) e20642. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]][https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011PLoSO...620642I :2011PLoSO...620642I.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0020642|10.1371/journal.pone.0020642]]. [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3110795 3110795]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21701575 21701575].</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 1907, Richard Lydekker o ne a akantshanya mefuta e merataro ya ditlou tsa Aforika go ikaegilwe ka bogolo le dipopego tse di farologaneng tsa ditsebe tsa tsone.<ref>Lydekker, R. (1907). [[iarchive:proceedingsofzoo19071446zool/page/380|"The Ears as a Race-Character in the African Elephant"]]. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London (January to April): 380–403. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1907.tb01824.x|10.1111/j.1096-3642.1907.tb01824.x]].</ref> Tsotlhe di tsewa di [[:en:Synonym_(taxonomy)|tshwana]] le tlou ya sekgwa ya Aforika.[1] Mofuta wa boraro, tlou ya Afrika Bophirima, le one o tshitshintswe mme o tlhoka go tlhomamisiwa. Go akanngwa gore losika lono lo ntse lo kgaogantswe le ba bangwe dingwaga di le didikadike di le pedi le makgolo a mane.<ref>Eggert, L.S.; Rasner, C.A. & Woodruff, D.S. (2002). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1691127 "The evolution and phylogeography of the African elephant inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequence and nuclear microsatellite markers"]. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences. 269 (1504): 1993–2006. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1098/rspb.2002.2070|10.1098/rspb.2002.2070.]] [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1691127 1691127]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12396498 12396498].</ref> === Mefuta e e sa tlholeng e le teng le mefutapotlana === Magareng ga bofelo jwa lekgolo la bo lesome le borobabobedi le masome a mabedi a le mangwe la dingwaga, go ne ga tlhalosiwa ditlou tse di latelang tsa Afrika tse di sa tlholeng di le teng go ya ka [[:en:Fossil|masalela]] a dilo tse di epolotsweng: * [[:en:North_African_elephant|Tlou ya Bokone jwa Aforika]] († ''Loxodonta africana pharaohensis'' ) e e neng ya akantshiwa ke [[:en:Paulus_Edward_Pieris_Deraniyagala|Paulus Edward Pieris Deraniyagala]] ka ngwaga 1948 e ne e le sekao go tswa kwa [[:en:Fayum|Fayum]] kwa Egepeto.<ref>Deraniyagala, P. E. P. (1955). Some extinct elephants, their relatives, and the two living species. Colombo: Ceylon National Museums Publication.</ref> * † [[:en:Loxodonta_atlantica|''Loxodonta atlantica'']] e ne ya akantshiwa jaaka ''Elephas atlanticus'' ke [[:en:Auguste_Pomel|Auguste Pomel]] ka ngwaga wa 1879 go ikaegilwe ka [[:en:Skull|legata]] le marapo a a fitlhetsweng kwa [[:en:Tighennif|Ternifine]], kwa Algeria.<ref>Pomel, A. (1897). "[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k62754098/f48 Elephas atlanticus Pom.]". Les éléphants quaternaires. Paléontologie : monographies. Alger: P. Fontana & Co. pp. 42–59.</ref> * † [[:en:Loxodonta_exoptata|''Loxodonta exoptata'']] e e neng ya akantshiwa ke [[:de:Wilhelm Otto Dietrich|Wilhelm Otto Dietrich]] ka ngwaga wa 1941 e ne e ikaegile ka meno a a fitlhetsweng kwa [[:en:Laetoli|Laetoli]], kwa lefatsheng la [[:en:Tanzania|Tanzania]].<ref>Dietrich, W. O. (1941). "Die säugetierpaläontologischen Ergebnisse der Kohl-Larsen'schen Expedition 1937–1939 im nördlichen Deutsch-Ostafrika". ''Zentralblatt für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paläontologie''. '''B''' (8): 217–223. </ref> * † [[:en:Loxodonta_adaurora|''Loxodonta'']] [[:en:Loxodonta_adaurora|''adaurora'']] e e neng ya akantshiwa ke Vincent Maglio ka ngwaga wa 1970 e ne e le [[:en:Skeleton|lerapo le le feletseng]] le le neng la fitlhelwa kwa [[:en:Kanapoi|Kanapoi]], kwa Kenya.<ref>Maglio, V. J. (1970). [[iarchive:breviora326350harv/page/n291|"Four new species of Elephantidae from the Plio-Pleistocene of northwestern Kenya]]". ''Breviora'' (341): 1–43.</ref> * † [[:en:Loxodonta_cookei|''Loxodonta cookei'']] e e tshitshintsweng ke [[:en:William_J._Sanders|William J. Sanders]] ka ngwaga wa 2007 go ikaegilwe ka meno a a fitlhetsweng kwa Sebopegong sa Varswater kwa Langebaanweg, Aforika Borwa <ref>Sanders, W. (2007). [https://sites.lsa.umich.edu/billsanders/wp-content/uploads/sites/382/2016/04/AP-SANDERS-REVISED.pdf "Taxonomic review of fossil Proboscidea (Mammalia) from Langebaanweg, South Africa"] (PDF). Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa. 62 (1) (Online ed.): 1–16. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]][https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007TRSSA..62....1S :2007TRSSA..62....1S.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1080/00359190709519192|10.1080/00359190709519192.]] [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:27499106 27499106].</ref> === Kamano ya ditshika le tlhabologo === Dikamano tsa ditlou tse di tshelang le tse di nyeletseng tse di ikaegileng ka DNA, morago ga Palkopoulou et al. ngwaga wa 2018.<ref name=":1">Palkopoulou, E.; Lipson, M.; Mallick, S.; Nielsen, S.; Rohland, N.; Baleka, S.; Karpinski, E.; Ivancevic, A. M.; Thu-Hien To; Kortschak, R. D.; Raison, J. M.; Zhipeng, Q.; Tat-Jun C.; Alt, K. W.; Claesson, S.; Dalén, L.; MacPhee, R. D. E.; Meller, H.; Roca, A. L.; Ryder, O. A.; Heiman, D.; Young, S.; Breen, M.; Williams, C.; Aken, B. L.; Ruffier, M.; Karlsson, E.; Johnson, J.; Di Palma, F.; Alfoldi, J.; Adelson, D. L.; Mailund, T.; Munch, K.; Lindblad-Toh, K.; Hofreiter, M.; Poinar, H.; Reich, D. (2018). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5856550 "A comprehensive genomic history of extinct and living elephants"]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 115 (11): E2566–E2574. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018PNAS..115E2566P 2018PNAS..115E2566P.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1073/pnas.1720554115|10.1073/pnas.1720554115]]. [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5856550 5856550]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29483247 29483247].</ref> Mofuta wa bogologolo wa ''Loxodonta'' o o itsiweng ke ''[[:en:Loxodonta_cookei|Loxodonta cookei]]'', ka masalela a mofuta o o itsiweng go tswa mo dingwageng di ka nna didikadike di le supa go ya kwa botlhanong tse di fetileng, go tswa mo masaleleng a a fitlhetsweng kwa Chad, Kenya, Uganda, le Aforika Borwa.<ref name=":4">Sanders, W. J. (2023). Evolution and Fossil Record of African Proboscidea (First ed.). Boca Raton: CRC Press. pp. 154, 205–208. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1201/b20016|10.1201/b20016.]] [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-315-11891-8|978-1-315-11891-8.]]</ref> Tshekatsheko ya [[:en:DNA_sequences|tatelano ya DNA]] ya nuclear e supa gore [[:en:Genetic_divergence|pharologano ya dijini]] magareng ga ditlou tsa sekgwa le tsa sekgwa tsa Aforika e simolotse dingwaga di tlgoa ka didikadike di le pedi tsotlhe le dikete di le makgolo a marataro go ya go didikadike di le tlhano tsotlhe le dikete di le makgolo a marataro. tse di fetileng. Tlou ya sekgwa sa Aforika e fitlhetswe e na le mefutafuta e e kwa godimo ka dikirii ya pharologano ya dijini, e e ka tswang e bontsha go kgaogana ga bonno jwa yona ka nako le nako ka nako ya diphetogo tsa [[:en:Pleistocene|Pleistocene]].<ref name=":3" /> [[:en:Gene_flow|Go elela ga dijini]] fa gare ga mefuta e mebedi ya ditlou tsa Aforika go ne ga sekasekwa mo mafelong a le masome a mabedi le bongwe. Tshekatsheko e senotse gore ditlou di le mmalwa tsa sekgwa tsa Aforika di ne di na le [[:en:Mitochondrial_DNA|DNA e e fitlhelwang mo dikarolong tsa mmele tse di ntshang maatla tsa mitochondria]] ya ditlou tsa sekgwa sa Aforika, se se supang gore di ne tsa kopanngwa go tswa mo mefuteng e mebedi e e farologang mo kgaolong ya phetogo ya lefelo la bojang jo bontsi-sekgwa mo dinakong tsa bogologolo.<ref>Roca, A. L.; Georgiadis, N. & [[:en:Stephen_J._O'Brien|O'Brien, S. J.]] (2004). [https://web.archive.org/web/20131127012455/http://planet.uwc.ac.za/nisl/Biodiversity/pdf/Nature%20Genet%202005%20Roca%20et%20al%20elephant%20phylgeogr.pdf "Cytonuclear genomic dissociation in African elephant species]" (PDF). Nature Genetics. 37 (1): 96–100. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1038/ng1485|10.1038/ng1485.]] [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15592471 15592471]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10029589 10029589]. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20131127012455/http://planet.uwc.ac.za/nisl/Biodiversity/pdf/Nature%20Genet%202005%20Roca%20et%20al%20elephant%20phylgeogr.pdf the original] (PDF) on 27 November 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2019.</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, le fa go ne go na le go kopana ga ditshedi kwa lefelong la kgolagano magareng ga mefuta e mebedi, go lebega go nnile le kelelo e nnye ya dijini e e atlegileng magareng ga mefuta e mebedi fa e sale e kgaogana ga yone la ntlha.<ref name=":1" /> [[Setshwantsho:Palaeoloxodon phylogeny.svg|thumb|Setshwantsho sa phylogeny se se bontshang maemo a [[:en:Straight-tusked_elephant|tlou ya dinaka tse di tlhamaletseng]] (''Palaeoloxodon antiquus'') fa e bapisiwa le mefuta e mengwe ya ba lelapa la ditlou, se ikaegile ka diphatsa tsa nuklei , go ya ka Palkopoulou le ba bangwe (ngwaga wa 2018). Se gape se bontsha [[:en:Hybrid_(biology)|pharologanyo ya diphatsa]] e e diragetseng ka ntlha ya go [[:en:Introgression|tsalana]] ga mefuta e e farologaneng , fa [[:en:Gene_flow|diphatsa di fetisiwa]] go tswa mo ditloung tsa sekgwa go ya mo ''[[:en:Palaeoloxodon|Palaeoloxodon]]'']] DNA go tswa mo tlou ya karolokgolo ya lefatshe ya Europe e [[:en:Straight-tusked_elephant|e nang le mana a a tlhamaletseng]] (''Palaeoloxodon antiquus'') e supa gore mofuta wa tlou o o sa tlholeng o le teng wa [[:en:Palaeoloxodon|''Palaeoloxodon'']] o amana thata le ditlou tsa Afrika go na le ditlou tsa Asia kgotsa ditlou tse dikgolo. Tshekatsheko ya jenome ya ''P. antiquus'' gape e bontsha gore ''Palaeloxodon'' e [[:en:Hybrid_(biology)|kopantswe thata]] le ditlou tsa sekgwa sa Aforika, mme se sa felela ka [[:en:Hybrid_(biology)|kelelo ya dijini tse di tsenelelang]] go tswa mo ditloung tsa Aforika go ya kwa ''Palaeoloxodon'', ka jenome ya mitochondrial le go feta karolo ya masomea mararo mo lekgolong ya genome ya nyutlea ya ''P. antiquus'' e e tswang mo ''L.cyclotis'' . Losika lo lo gaufi le dipalopalo tsa segompieno tsa Aforika bophirima go na le dipalopalo tsa Aforika bogare tsa ditlou tsa sekgwa.<ref name=":1" /> Tshekatsheko ya di-mitogenome tsa ''[[:en:Palaeoloxodon_huaihoensis|Palaeoloxodon tsa China]]'' e supa gore losika lono lwa ditlou tsa sekgwa lo ne lo abelanwa thata mo ''mefuteng ya Palaeoloxodon''.<ref>Lin, H.; Hu, J.; Baleka, S.; Yuan, J.; Chen, X.; Xiao, B.; Song, S.; Du, Z.; Lai, X.; Hofreiter, M.; Sheng, G. (2023). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10353889 "A genetic glimpse of the Chinese straight-tusked elephants"]. Biology Letters. 19 (7) 20230078. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1098/rsbl.2023.0078|10.1098/rsbl.2023.0078.]] [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10353889 10353889]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37463654 37463654].</ref> == Tlhaloso == === Letlalo ,ditsebe le Selopo === [[Setshwantsho:Elephant skeleton.jpg|thumb|Setshwantsho sa marapo a mmele wa tlou ya sekgwa ya Aforika]] [[Setshwantsho:Loxodonta africana-cyclotis skulls PZSL.png|thumb|Papiso ya ditlhogo tsa ditlou tsa sekgwa (ka fa molemeng) le tsa sekgwa (ka fa mojeng) fa di bonwa kwa pele. Ela tlhoko tlhogo e khutshwane le e e bulegileng ya ''L. cyclotis'', e e nang le phatla e e tshesane mo boemong jwa phatla e e tshesane.]] [[Setshwantsho:African Bush Elephant Skull.jpg|thumb|Legata la tlou e tona ya mo sekgweng ya Aforika le bontshiwa kwa [[:en:Museum_of_Osteology|Lefelong la Polokelo la Thuto ya Marapo]]]] Ditlou tsa Aforika di na le letlalo le le menaganeng le le bosetlha le le bokima jwa di milimetara di le masome a mararo (boleele jwa di inch di le nngwe ntlha pedi ) le le khurumeditsweng ke moriri o o sa tlhomamang, o o nang le ditlhale o o borokwa jo bo gateletseng go ya go bontshong. Moriri o mokhutshwane o o kgonang go amiwa o gola mo selopong , se se nang le dithulaganyo tse pedi tse di tshwanang le menwana kwa ntlheng, fa ditlou tsa Asia tsone di na le e le nngwe fela.<ref name=":0" /> Ditsebe tsa tsone tse dikgolo di thusa go fokotsa mogote wa mmele. Go di phaphatha go dira gore go nne le metsi a mowa mme go senola matlhakore a a kafa teng a ditsebe kwa ditshika tse dikgolo tsa madi di oketsang tatlhegelo ya mogote ka nako ya maemo a bosa a a mogote. Selopo sa tlou ke katoloso e e kgonang go [[:en:Prehensile|tshwara]] ya molomo wa yone o o kwa godimo le nko. Tokololo e, e e nang le kutlo e kgolo e laolwa thata ke tshika wa kutlo ya [[:en:Trigeminal_nerve|trigeminal]], mme go akanngwa gore e tsamaisiwa ke mesifa e e ka nnang dikete di le masome a mane go ya go dikete di le masome a marataro. Ka ntlha ya popego e ya mesifa, selopo sa tlou se nonofile thata mo e leng gore tlou e ka kgona go tsholetsa mo e ka nnang karolo ya boraro mo lekgolong ka bokete jwa mmele wa yone ka sone. Ditlou di dirisa selopo sa tsone go dupa, go ama, go ja, go nwa, go iphara ka lerole, go ntsha medumo, go rwala dilo, go itshireletsa le go tlhasela.<ref name=":5">Shoshani, J. (1978). [[doi:10.22237/elephant/1491234053|"General information on elephants with emphasis on tusks"]]. Elephant. 1 (2) elephant.eP1016: 20–31. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.22237/elephant/1491234053|10.22237/elephant/1491234053]].</ref> Ka dinako dingwe, ditlou di thuma ka fa tlase ga metsi mme di dirisa selopo sa tsone jaaka tšhupu ya go hema ([[:en:Snorkel_(swimming)|snorkel]])<ref>West, J.B. (2002). "[[doi:10.1152/nips.01374.2001|Why doesn't the elephant have a pleural space?".]] News in Physiological Sciences. 17 (2): 47–50. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1152/nips.01374.2001|10.1152/nips.01374.2001]]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11909991 11909991]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:27321751 27321751].</ref> == Dinaka le meno a a ko morago == Ditlou tse ditonanyana le tse di namagadi tsa Aforika ka bobedi di na le dinaka tse di golang go tswa mo [[:en:Deciduous_teeth|menong a a tlhotlhoregang]] a a bidiwang tushes, a a emisediwang ke meno fa dinamane di ka nna ngwaga o le mongwe. Dinaka di bopilwe ka [[:en:Dentin|dentin]], e e bopang dipopego tse dinnye tsa sebopego sa teemane mo gare ga mana a a nnang magolo mo matlhakoreng a lone.<ref name=":5" /> Dinaka di dirisiwa thata go epa medi le go apola lekwati la ditlhare go bona dijo, go lwa ka nako ya go nyala, le go iphemela kgatlhanong le dibatana tse di jang ditshedi tse dingwe. Dinaka tse di bokete jo bo tswang mo dikilogram di le masome a mabedi le boraro go ya go masome a mane le botlhano (bokete jwa di ponto di le masome a matlhano le bongwe go ya masome a borobabongwe le bongwe) mme a ka nna boleele jwa di meter di le bongwe le sephatlho go ya kwa bobedi le ntlha nne (boleele jwa leoto bo le botlhano go ya kwa borobabobeding). Di bobegetse kwa pele mme di tswelela go gola mo botshelong jotlhe jwa tlou.<ref name=":6">Burnie, D. (2001). Animal. London: [[:en:Dorling_Kindersley|Dorling Kindersley]].</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Loxodonta africana - Molar of an adult.JPG|thumb|Leino le legolo la tlou ya sekgwa sa Aforika, le le bontshang di-mekoti e e naleng phefo mo marapong a sefatlhego tsa sebopego sa loxodont/lozenge/dithapo tsa boalo jwa bogodimo jwa leino]] [[Setshwantsho:Loxodonta molar diagram.svg|thumb|Setshwantsho sa boalogodimo jwa leino la tlou ya Aforika]] Popego ya meno (dental formula) ya tlou ke:1.0.3.3/0.0.3.3× 2 = 26 (Nngwe, lefela, boraro, boraro/ lefela, lefela, boraro , boraro, tsotlhe di menagantswe gabedi, a bo tsotlhe di lekana le meno a le masome a mabedi le marataro)<ref name=":5" />Tlou e na le meno a magolo a le mane. Leino lengwe le lengwe le bokete jwa dikilogerama di le tlhano ( ponto tse lesome le bongwe) mme le boleele jwa disentimetara di le masome a mararo (inch di le lesome le bobedi). Fa meno a a kwa pele a senyega mme a wa ka dikarolwana, a a kwa morago a sutela kwa pele, mme meno a matona a mabedi a masha a mela kwa morago ga molomo. Ditlou di fetola meno a yone gararo go ya go garataro mo botshelong jwa tsone. Fa e fitlha mo dingwageng di ka nna masome a mane go ya go masome a marataro, e latlhegelwa ke meno a yone a bofelo mme gantsi e swa ka ntlha ya tlala, e leng sengwe sa mabaka a a tlwaelesegileng a loso. Ditlou tsa Aforika di na le meno a le masome a mabedi le mane ka kakaretso, a le marataro mo karolong nngwe le nngwe ya lotlhaya. Dikarolo tsa boalo jo bo ha godimo mo menong a magolo di dinnye ka palo fa di bapisiwa le tsa ditlou tsa Asia.<ref>[[:en:Juliet_Clutton-Brock|Clutton-Brock, J.]] (1987). A Natural History of Domesticated Mammals. Cambridge University Press. p. 208. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-521-34697-5|0-521-34697-5]].</ref> Boalo jwa ya meno a magolo bo apara e bo bo nna le sebopego sa taemane (<>), e leng letshwao le le tlwaelesegileng mo ditloung tsotlhe tsa mofuta wa ''Loxodonta''.<ref name=":4" /> Le fa mefuta mengwe ya ''Loxodonta'' e e nyeletseng e ne e santse e na le meno a sa feleng a [[:en:Premolar|leino le le fa gare ga leino la go gagola le leino la go sila]], meno ao ga sa tlhole a le teng mo mefuteng e mebedi e e sa ntseng e tshela.<ref>Sanders, W. J. (2018). "Horizontal tooth displacement and premolar occurrence in elephants and other elephantiform proboscideans". Historical Biology. 30 (1–2): 137–156. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018HBio...30..137S 2018HBio...30..137S]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1080/08912963.2017.1297436|10.1080/08912963.2017.1297436]].</ref> === Bogolo === Tlou ya naga ya Aforika ke yone phologolo e e kgolo go gaisa tsotlhe tse di [[:en:Terrestrial_animal|tshelang mo lefatsheng]]. Fa maemo a siame mme e ka gola ka botlalo, ditlou tse di godileng tsotlhe di nna boleele jwa dimetara di le pedi tsotlhe le disentimetara di le masome a mane le bosupa go ya go dimetara di le pedi tsotlhe le disentimetara di le masome a supa le boraro mo magetleng (boleele jwa leoto bo le borobaobedi le intšhi e le nngwe go ya go boleele jwa leoto bo le borobabobedi le diintšhi di le lesome le bongwe), mme di nna bokete jwa ditone di le pedi tsotlhe le dikarolo di le thataro go ya go ditone di le tharo tsotlhe le dikarolo di le botlhano (ditone tse ditelele tsotlhe di le pedi tsotlhe le dikarolo di le thataro go ya go ditone tse ditelele tsotlhe di le tharo tsotlhe le dikarolo di le nne; ditone tse dikhutshwane tsotlhe di le pedi tsotlhe le dikarolo di le robongwe go ya go ditone tse dikhutshwane tsotlhe di le tharo tsotlhe le dikarolo di le robongwe) fa dipoo tse di godileng tsotlhe di nna boleele jwa dimetara di le tharo tsotlhe le disentimetara di le nne go ya go dimetara di le tharo tsotlhe le disentimetara di le masome a mararo le borataro (boleele jwa leoto bo le lesome tsotlhe go ya go difaete di le lesome le bongwe), mme ka palogare di nna bokete jwa ditone di le tlhano tsotlhe le dikarolo di le pedi go ya go ditone di le thataro tsotlhe le dikarolo di le robongwe (ditone tse ditelele tsotlhe di le tlhano tsotlhe le karolo e le nngwe go ya go ditone tse ditelele tsotlhe di le thataro tsotlhe le dikarolo di le robedi; ditone tse dikhutshwane tsotlhe di le tlhano tsotlhe le dikarolo di le supa go ya go ditone tse dikhutshwane tsotlhe di le supa tsotlhe le dikarolo di le thataro).Poo e kgolo go tsotlhe e e kileng ya rekotiwa e ne e le boleele jwa dimetara di le tharo tsotlhe le disentimetara di le masome a robongwe le borataro mo magetleng (boleele jwa leoto bo le lesome le boraro), mme go akanngwa gore e ne e le bokete jwa ditone di le lesome tsotlhe le dikarolo di le nne (ditone tse ditelele tsotlhe di le lesome tsotlhe le dikarolo di le pedi; ditone tse dikhutshwane tsotlhe di le lesome le nngwe tsotlhe le dikarolo di le botlhano).<ref>Larramendi, A. (2016). [[doi:10.4202/app.00136.2014|"Shoulder height, body mass and shape of proboscideans"]]. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 61 (3): 537–574. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016AcPaP..61..537L 2016AcPaP..61..537L]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.4202/app.00136.2014|10.4202/app.00136.2014]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:2092950 2092950].</ref>Mokwatla wa yone o kobegile go ya teng gare, fa mokwatla wa tlou ya sekgwa ya Aforika o batla o tlhamaletse.<ref name=":2" />Tlou ya sekgwa ya Aforika e nnye thata fa e bapisiwa le ya naga. Fa maemo a siame mme e gola ka botlalo, dipoo tsa tlou ya sekgwa di akanngwa gore ka palogare di nna boleele jwa dimetara di le pedi tsotlhe le disentimetara di le robongwe go ya go dimetara di le pedi tsotlhe le disentimetara di le masome a mararo le bongwe (boleele jwa leoto bo le thataro tsotlhe le diintšhi di le robongwe go ya go boleele jwa leoto bo le supa tsotlhe le diintšhi di le thataro), mme di nna bokete jwa ditone tsotlhe di le nngwe tsotlhe le dikarolo di le supa go ya go ditone tsotlhe di le pedi tsotlhe le dikarolo di le tharo (ditone tse ditelele tsotlhe di le nngwe tsotlhe le dikarolo di le supa go ya go ditone tse ditelele tsotlhe di le pedi tsotlhe le dikarolo di le tharo; ditone tse dikhutshwane tsotlhe di le nngwe tsotlhe le dikarolo di le robongwe go ya go ditone tse dikhutshwane tsotlhe di le pedi tsotlhe le dikarolo di le botlhano) == Phatlalatso le bonno == [[Setshwantsho:African elephants, World, 2015 (cropped).svg|thumb|Ditlou tsa Aforika]] Ditlou tsa Aforika di anamisitswe kwa [[:en:Sub-Saharan_Africa|Afrika e e kwa Borwa jwa Sahara]], kwa di nnang mo dikgaolong tsa [[:en:Scrubland|ditlhatshana]] tsa [[:en:Sahel|Sahelian]] le tse di [[:en:Arid|omileng]], [[:en:Tropical_rainforest|dikgwa tsa pula tsa boboatsatsi]], [[:en:Woodland|dikgwa]] tsa [[:en:Mopane|mopane]] le tsa [[:en:Miombo|miombo]]. Ditlou tsa sekgwa sa Aforika di bonwa fela mo Aforika Bogare le Bophirima.<ref name=":14">Blanc, J. J.; Thouless, C. R.; Hart, J. A.; Dublin, H. T.; Douglas-Hamilton, I.; Craig, G. C.; Barnes, R. F. W. (2003). [https://books.google.com/books?id=Z418bsp0fQoC African Elephant Status Report 2002: An update from the African Elephant Database]. Occasional Paper of the IUCN Species Survival Commission No. 29. Gland and Cambridge: IUCN. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-2-8317-0707-5|978-2-8317-0707-5.]]</ref> == Boitshwaro le tikologo == === Lelwapa === [[Setshwantsho:Serengeti Elefantenherde2.jpg|thumb|Ditlou tse di namagadi tsa sekgwa kwa Tanzania]] [[Setshwantsho:Bee-Threat-Elicits-Alarm-Call-in-African-Elephants-pone.0010346.s004.ogv|thumb|Lelapa le tsibogela modumo wa tlhagiso ya dinotshe]] Mefuta ka bobedi ya ditlou tsa Aforika e nna mo ditlhopa tsa malapa tse di nang le dikgomo di le mmalwa tse di godileng, barwadi ba tsone le barwa ba tsona ba ba sa ntseng ba gola. Setlhopa se ngwe le sengwe sa lelapa se eteletswe pele ke kgomo e e godileng e e bidiwang [[:en:Matriarch|matriarch]].<ref name=":7">Douglas-Hamilton, I. (1973). "On the ecology and behaviour of the Lake Manyara elephants". African Journal of Ecology. 11 (3–4): 401–403. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1973AfJEc..11..401D 1973AfJEc..11..401D.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1111/j.1365-2028.1973.tb00101.x|10.1111/j.1365-2028.1973.tb00101.x.]]</ref> <ref name=":8">Turkalo, A.; Barnes, R. (2013). [https://books.google.com/books?id=B_07noCPc4kC&pg=PA195 "Loxodonta cyclotis Forest Elephant"]. In Kingdon, J.; Happold, D.; Hoffmann, M.; Butynski, T.; Happold, M.; Kalina, J. (eds.). The Mammals of Africa. Vol. I. Introductory Chapters and Afrotheria. London: Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 195–200. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4081-8996-2|978-1-4081-8996-2.]]</ref>Ditlhopha tsa ditlou tsa sekgwa sa Aforika ga di kopane thata jaaka ditlhopha tsa ditlou tsa sekgwa tsa Aforika, gongwe ka ntlha ya go tlhoka dibatana tsa tlholego tse di jang ditshedi tse dingwe.<ref name=":8" /> Fa ditlhopa tsa malapa tse di kgaoganeng di golagana, di bopa ditlhopha tsa losika kgotsa tsa kgolagano. Morago ga [[:en:Puberty|go gola]], ditlou tse ditonanyana di na le go dira dikgolagano tse di gaufi le tse dingwe tse ditonanyana. Le fa ditlou tse di namagadi e le tsone tse di matlhagatlhaga thata mo ditlhopheng tsa ditlou tsa Aforika, ditlou tse ditonanyana le tse di namagadi di kgona go farologanya makgolokgolo a dipitso tse di farologaneng tsa [[:en:Infrasonic|infrasonic]] tsa makhubu a a kwa tlase go buisana le go tlhaolana.<ref>McComb, K.; Moss, C.; Sayialel, S.; Baker, L. (2000). "Unusually extensive networks of vocal recognition in African elephants". Animal Behaviour. 59 (6): 1103–1109. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2000AnBeh..59.1103M 2000AnBeh..59.1103M]. [[:en:CiteSeerX_(identifier)|CiteSeerX]] [https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.332.7064 10.1.1.332.7064]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1006/anbe.2000.1406|10.1006/anbe.2000.1406]]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10877888 10877888]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:17628123 17628123].</ref><ref>McComb, K.; Moss, C.; Durant, S. M.; Baker, L.; Sayialel, S. (2001). "Matriarchs As Repositories of Social Knowledge in African Elephants". Science. 292 (5516): 491–494. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001Sci...292..491M 2001Sci...292..491M.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1126/science.1057895|10.1126/science.1057895.]] [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11313492 11313492]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:17594461 17594461].</ref> Ditlou di dirisa [[:en:Infrasound#Animal_reactions_to_infrasound|mantswe mangwe]] a a fetang bokgoni jwa go utlwa jwa batho,<ref>Herbst, C. T.; Stoeger, A. S.; Frey, R.; Lohscheller, J.; Titze, I.; Gumpenberger, M.; Fitch, W. T. (2012). "How Low Can You Go? Physical Production Mechanism of Elephant Infrasonic Vocalizations". Science. 337 (6094): 595–599. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012Sci...337..595H 2012Sci...337..595H.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1126/science.1219712|10.1126/science.1219712.]] [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22859490 22859490]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:32792564 32792564].</ref> go buisana go kgabaganya dikgala tse dikgolo. Dingwao tsa go nyalana tsa ditlou di akaretsa go loganya dikutu ka bonolo.<ref>Buss, I.; Smith, N. (1966). [https://web.archive.org/web/20150518072553/http://faculty.rio.edu/dalthoff/Courses/MA/TP-Buss%20and%20Smith-Elephant%20Repo%20Breeding%20Behavior-1966-JWM.pdfhttps://web.archive.org/web/20150518072553/http://faculty.rio.edu/dalthoff/Courses/MA/TP-Buss%20and%20Smith-Elephant%20Repo%20Breeding%20Behavior-1966-JWM.pdf Observations on Reproduction and Breeding Behavior of the African Elephant] (PDF). Allen Press. Archived from [http://faculty.rio.edu/dalthoff/Courses/MA/TP-Buss%20and%20Smith-Elephant%20Repo%20Breeding%20Behavior-1966-JWM.pdf the original] (PDF) on 18 May 2015. Retrieved 8 March 2013.</ref> Dipoo di ne di dumelwa fa e le diphologolo tse di nnang di le tsosi, di ikemela ka nosi fa di setse di godile. Dipatlisiso tse dišwa di tlhagisa gore dipoo di boloka kitso ya tikologo ya motlhape, go tlhofofatsa go tshela fa di batla dijo le metsi, se gape se solegelang dipoo tse dinnye tse di amanang le tsona molemo. Dipoo di boela fela mo motlhapeng go ya go tsala kgotsa go itsalanya; ga di neele bana ba tsona tlhokomelo ya botsadi kgotsa go ba godisa, mme go na le moo di tshameka karolo ya borre ka kakaretso mo dipoong tse dinnye go supa taolo.<ref>Briggs, H. (2020). "[https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-54018133 Secrets of male elephant society revealed in the wild"]. BBC News. Retrieved 7 September 2020.</ref> === Boitshwaro jwa kgaolo le tiriso ya sebaka === Ditlou tsa Aforika ga di nne le kgaolo fela mme di bontsha mefuta e e farologaneng ya mekgwa ya tiriso ya sebaka tse di tlhotlhelediwang ke popego ya loago, pharologano ya dipaka le seemo sa bosa, le go nna teng ga didirisiwa.<ref name=":9">Wittemyer, G.; Getz, W. M.; Vollrath, F.; Douglas-Hamilton, I. (2007). "Social dominance, seasonal movements, and spatial segregation in African elephants: a contribution to conservation behavior". Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. 61 (12): 1919–1931. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s00265-007-0432-0|10.1007/s00265-007-0432-0.]]</ref> Metlhape gantsi e nna mo [[:en:Home_range|mefuteng ya magae]] e e farologaneng go tswa go makgolo a le mmalwa go ya go dikete di le mmalwa tsa khutlonne ya dikilometara go ikaegile ka go nna teng ga didirisiwa le maemo a bonno; metlhape e latela ditsela tsa go fuduga le mekgwa ya motsamao e e golaganyang mafelo a a sireleditsweng le mafelo a mangwe a a tshwanetseng a a nang le seabe se se botlhokwa mo go tshegetseng kgolagano ya baagi le phitlhelelo ya metswedi e e botlhokwa jaaka dimela le metsi.<ref>Douglas-Hamilton, I.; Krink, T.; Vollrath, F. (2005). "Movements and corridors of African elephants in relation to protected areas". Naturwissenschaften. 92 (4): 158–163. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s00114-004-0606-9|10.1007/s00114-004-0606-9.]]</ref> Dintlha tse dingwe jaaka taolo ya loago le dintlha tsa tikologo jaaka pula le ntshodikuno ya dimela le tsona di tlhotlheletsa kgaogano ya sebaka mo ditlhopheng mo teng ga kgaolo e le nngwe.<ref name=":9" /> ==== Go nna bogale, go lwa le go laola ==== Ditlou tsa Aforika di bontsha mekgwa e e raraaneng ya go nna bogale e e tsamayang le go nna le taolo, segolobogolo mo teng ga tse ditonanyana tse di godileng. Musth ke lereo le le kayang seemo sa mmele fa ditlou tse ditonanyana tsa Aforika di bontshang go tlhatloga go gogolo ga hormone ya bonna, tiro e e oketsegileng ya thobalano, le go nna bogale go go oketsegileng mme le lemogwa ka nako ya kgaisano ya banna le banna.<ref name=":10">Poole, J.H. (1989). "Announcing intent: the aggressive state of musth in African elephants". Animal Behaviour. 37: 140–152. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/0003-3472(89)90014-6|10.1016/0003-3472(89)90014-6.]]</ref> Mo pakeng e tlou e tona ya Aforika e dirang musth, di bontsha maitsholo a a tlwaelegileng a a akaretsang go ntsha kgeleswa ya nakwana, go elela ga moroto, le dipopego tse di rileng tse di tlhalosang seemo sa tsona mo bathong ba bangwe.<ref name=":10" /> Ka go dira maitsholo a, ditlou tse ditonanyana tsa Aforika di fokotsa tlhokego ya go thulana ka mmele ka go tlhaeletsana ka maemo a bolaodi. Le fa go ntse jalo, mo mabakeng a mofuta ono wa puisano o palelwang, dikopano tse di bogale tse di akaretsang go tlhotlhora le go kgarametsa di ka diragala fa go gaisana ka dinamagadi tse di amogelang.<ref name=":10" /> Tatelano ya taolo mo teng ga motlhape wa ditlou e tlhotlhelediwa thata e bile e ikaegile ka dingwaga, bogolo, le maemo a musth mme tse ditonanyana tse di godileng ka tlwaelo di feta tse dinnye kgotsa tse e seng tsa musth.<ref name=":10" /> === Go jesa tikologo le dijo === Ditlou tsa Aforika ke dijo tsa ditlhatshana ka kakaretso mme di ja mefuta e e farologaneng ya matlhare, bojang, makwati, le maungo, fela dimela tsa logong ka dipaka tsa komelelo.<ref>Rode, K.D.; Chiyo, P.I.; Chapman, C.A.; McDowell, L.R. (2006). "Nutritional ecology of elephants in Kibale National Park, Uganda, and its relationship with crop-raiding behaviour". Journal of Tropical Ecology. 22 (4): 441–449. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1017/S0266467406003233|10.1017/S0266467406003233.]]</ref> Fa di ntse di ja, di kgetla matlhare le go gagola dikala di dirisa meno, se se ka bakang tshenyo e kgolo mo matlhareng.<ref name=":6" /> [[:en:Fermentation|Go bedisa ga dijo]] go diragala mo [[:en:Hindgut|maleng a a kwa morago]], go kgontsha go ja dijo tse dintsi.<ref>Clauss, M.; Frey, R.; Kiefer, B.; Lechner-Doll, M.; Loehlein, W.; Polster, C.; Roessner, G. E.; Streich, W. J. (2003). [https://web.archive.org/web/20190608152406/https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/2393/2/Oecologia_body_size_2003V.pdf "The maximum attainable body size of herbivorous mammals: morphophysiological constraints on foregut, and adaptations of hindgut fermenters]" (PDF). [[:en:Oecologia|Oecologia]]. 136 (1): 14–27. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003Oecol.136...14C 2003Oecol.136...14C]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s00442-003-1254-z|10.1007/s00442-003-1254-z.]] [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12712314 12712314]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:206989975 206989975]. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20190608152406/https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/2393/2/Oecologia_body_size_2003V.pdf the original] (PDF) on 8 June 2019. Retrieved 24 September 2019.</ref> Bogolo jo bogolo le mala a a kwa morago a tlou ya Aforika gape di letla tshilo ya dikarolo tse di farologaneng tsa semela, go akaretsa dikutu tse di nang le ditlhale, lekwati le medi.<ref>Owen-Smith, N.; Chafota, J. (2012). [[doi:10.1644/11-MAMM-A-350.1|"Selective feeding by a megaherbivore, the African elephant (Loxodonta africana)"]]. Journal of Mammalogy. 93 (3): 698–705. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1644/11-MAMM-A-350.1|10.1644/11-MAMM-A-350.1]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:83726553 83726553].</ref> Ditlou tsa Aforika di thusa mo go meleng ga dipeo ka ntlha ya mala a tsone a magolo; ka di kgona go akaretsa lefelo le legolo mo letsatsing le le lengwe, di anamisa dipeo go tswa mo ditlhareng tse di farologaneng ka bonako. Ditlou di fula mo ditlhareng mme di ja dipeo tse di tswang mo go tsone, mme morago ga moo, fa peo e feta [[:en:Gastrointestinal_tract|mo tseleng ya mala]] mme morago ga moo e bo e tswa, dipeo di a nontshiwa mme di siametse go gola. Go mela ka ditlou go thibela kgaisano ya dimela mme go tlosa tlhokego ya gore dipeo dingwe di fokelwe ke phefo go gola, kgotsa thulaganyo ya go mela ka go sa rulaganngwa. Mefutafuta ya dimela le ditlhare tse di ka golang ka thulaganyo e le yona e a oketsega ka gonne dithotobolo tsa boloko di ka nna le mefuta e e farologaneng ya ditlhare e e fetang 10, mme dingwe di na le metlhala ya ditlhare di le 50 le kwa godimo.<ref>Campos-Arceiz, A. & Blake, S. (2011). [https://web.archive.org/web/20160427025644/http://www.santuariodeelefantes.org.br/docs/Campos_Arceiz_2011_Elephant_seed_dispersal.pdf "Megagardeners of the forest – the role of elephants in seed dispersal"] (PDF). Acta Oecologica. 37 (6): 542–553. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011AcO....37..542C 2011AcO....37..542C.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.actao.2011.01.014|10.1016/j.actao.2011.01.014]]. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20160427025644/http://www.santuariodeelefantes.org.br/docs/Campos_Arceiz_2011_Elephant_seed_dispersal.pdf the original] (PDF) on 27 April 2016.</ref><ref>Poulsen, J. R.; Beirne, C.; Rundel, C.; Baldino, M.; Kim, S.; Knorr, J.; Minich, T.; Jin, Lingrong; Núñez, C. L.; Xiao, S.; Mbamy, W.; Obiang, G. N.; Masseloux, J.; Nkoghe, T. & Ebanega, M. O. (2021). "[[doi:10.3389/fevo.2021.789264|Long distance seed dispersal by forest eephants"]]. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. 9 789264. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2021FrEEv...989264P 2021FrEEv...989264P]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]][[doi:10.3389/fevo.2021.789264|:10.3389/fevo.2021.789264]].</ref> === Botlhale === ''Bona gape : [[:en:Elephant_cognition|Tlhaloganyo ya tlou]]'' [[Setshwantsho:Elephant scratching on a tree.jpg|thumb|Go ingwaa mo setlhareng go thusa go tlosa boalo jwa letlalo le le suleng le dinwa madi]] Ditlou tsa Aforika di botlhale thata.<ref>Plotnik, J. M.; De Waal, F. B.; Reiss, D. (2006). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1636577 "Self-recognition in an Asian elephant".] Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 103 (45): 17053–17057. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006PNAS..10317053P 2006PNAS..10317053P.] doi:[[doi:10.1073/pnas.0608062103|10.1073/pnas.0608062103]]. [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1636577 1636577]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17075063 17075063].</ref> Di na le [[:en:Neocortex|neocortex]] e kgolo thata e e sothegileng thata, e leng selo se di nang le sone le [[:en:Humans|batho]] le [[:en:Apes|dikgabo]] tse dingwe, mmogo le mefuta mengwe ya di [[:en:Dolphin|dolphin]]. Di gareng ga mefuta e e botlhale thata mo lefatsheng. Ka bokete jo bo fetang fela kilgograme tse tlhano (ponto ye lesome le bongwe, [[:en:Elephant_cognition#Structure_of_the_brain|boboko jwa tlou]] bo bogolo go feta jwa phologolo epe e nngwe e e nnang mo lefatsheng. Boboko jwa tlou bo tshwana le [[:en:Human_brain|boboko jwa motho]] ka popego le go raraana ga tsone; [[:en:Cerebral_cortex|legogo]] la tlou le na le [[:en:Neurons|ditshika]] tse dintsi jaaka tsa boboko jwa motho,[<ref>Roth, G.; Stamenov, M. I.; Gallese, V. (2003). "Is the human brain unique?". Mirror Neurons and the Evolution of Brain and Language. John Benjamins Publishing. pp. 63–76. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/0470867221.ch2|10.1002/0470867221.ch2.]] [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-470-84960-6|978-0-470-84960-6.]]</ref> se se akantshang gore go nnile le [[:en:Convergent_evolution|thutotlhagelelo e e kopaneng]].<ref>Goodman, M.; Sterner, K.; Islam, M.; Uddin, M.; Sherwood, C.; Hof, P.; Hou, Z.; Lipovich, L.; Jia, H.; Grossman, L.; Wildman, D. (2009). "[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2791620 Phylogenomic analyses reveal convergent patterns of adaptive evolution in elephant and human ancestries]". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 106 (49): 20824–20829. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009PNAS..10620824G 2009PNAS..10620824G.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1073/pnas.0911239106|10.1073/pnas.0911239106.]] [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2791620 2791620]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19926857 19926857].</ref> Ditlou di bontsha maitsholo a a farologaneng, go akaretsa le a a amanang le [[:en:Grief|khutsafalo]], [[:en:Learning|go ithuta]], [[:en:Mimicry|go etsisa]], [[:en:Art|botaki]], [[:en:Play_(activity)|motshameko]], go [[:en:Humor|tshegisa]], [[:en:Altruism|go sa ipone tsapa]], [[:en:Tools|tiriso ya didirisiwa]], [[:en:Compassion|kutlwelobotlhoko]], [[:en:Cooperation|tirisanommogo]],<ref name=":11">Plotnik, J. M.; Lair, R.; Suphachoksahakun, W.; De Waal, F. B. M. (2011). "[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3064331 Elephants know when they need assistance in a cooperative task".] Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 108 (12): 5116–5121. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1073/pnas.1101765108|10.1073/pnas.1101765108.]] [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3064331 3064331]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21383191 21383191].</ref> [[:en:Self-awareness|go itemoga]], [[:en:Memory|go gakologelwa]] le [[:en:Language|gongwe le puo.]]<ref>Parsell, D. L. (2003). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20071012170607/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2003/02/0221_030221_elephantvocal1.html In Africa, Decoding the 'Language' of Elephants"]. [[:en:National_Geographic_Magazine|National Geographic Magazine]] News. Archived from [http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2003/02/0221_030221_elephantvocal1.html the original] on 12 October 2007. Retrieved 30 October 2007.</ref> Maitsholo a otlhe a supa mofuta o o botlhale thata o go akanngwang gore o lekana le [[:en:Cetaceans|di-cetacean]]<ref>Viegas, J. (2011). "[http://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2011/03/08/3158077.htm Elephants smart as chimps, dolphins]". ABC Science. Retrieved 8 March 2011.</ref><ref name=":12">Viegas, J. (2011). [http://news.discovery.com/animals/elephants-intelligence-test-110307.html "Elephants Outwit Humans During Intelligence Test]". Discovery News. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110308093715/http://news.discovery.com/animals/elephants-intelligence-test-110307.html Archived] from the original on 8 March 2011. Retrieved 19 March 2011.</ref> le diphologolo tse di tshelang.<ref name=":12" /> Go raraana ga tlhaloganyo ga tlou ya Aforika go akaretsa maitsholo a a supang kutlwelobotlhoko, go rarabolola mathata, le maitsholo a setlhopha a a dirisanang mmogo. Diponagalo tseno di gatelela go kopana ga botlhale jwa thutotlhagelelo mo mefuteng yotlhe, go go tshwanang le go go bonwang mo diphologolong tse di tshelang le mo ditshedi tsa lewatle tsa cetaceans.<ref name=":11" /> === Go tsala === [[Setshwantsho:Bull elephants small.jpg|thumb|Ditlou tsa dipoo tse di bogale]] [[Setshwantsho:Elephant (Loxodonta africana) mating ritual composite.jpg|thumb|Moetlo wa go nyalana]] Ditlou tsa Aforika di kgona go [[:en:Fertility|tsala thata]] fa di le dingwaga di le masome a mabedi a le botlhano le masome a mane le botlhano. Dinamane ka tlwaelo di tsalwa morago ga paka ya [[:en:Gestation|boimana]] ya dikgwedi di le masome a mabedi le bobedi.<ref>Macdonald, D. (2001). The New Encyclopedia of Mammals. Oxford: [[:en:Oxford_University_Press|Oxford University Press]].</ref> Dinamane di tlhokomelwa ke mmaatsona le dinamane tse dingwe tse dinnye mo setlhopheng, se se itsegeng jaaka [[:en:Allomothering|allomothering]].<ref name=":7" /> Ditlou tse di namagadi tsa Aforika di kgona go simolola go tsala di le dingwaga di ka nna lesome go ya ko lesomeng le bobedi.<ref>Benedict, F. G. (1936). "The physiology of the elephant". ''Carnegie Inst. Washington Pub. No. 474''. '''1'''.</ref> Morago ga go gola ka tlhakanelodikobo, banna ba simolola go itemogela [[:en:Musth|musth]], boemo jwa mmele le jwa maitsholo jo bo tlhaolwang ke testosterone e e kwa godimo, go nna bogale le tiro e ntsi ya thobalano.<ref name=":15">Hollister-Smith, J. A.; Poole, J. H.; Archie, E. A.; Vance, E. A.; Georgiadis, N. J.; [[:en:Cynthia_Moss|Moss, C. J]].; Alberts, S. C. (2007). [https://web.archive.org/web/20150518085653/http://sites.biology.duke.edu/albertslab/pdfs/Hollister-Smith%26al_2007.pdf "Age, musth, and paternity success in wild male African elephants, Loxodonta africana"] (PDF). Animal Behaviour. 74 (2): 287–296. Bibcode:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007AnBeh..74..287H 2007AnBeh..74..287H]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2006.12.008|10.1016/j.anbehav.2006.12.008.]] [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:54327948 54327948]. Archived from [http://sites.biology.duke.edu/albertslab/pdfs/Hollister-Smith%26al_2007.pdf the original] (PDF) on 18 May 2015.</ref><ref name=":16">[[:en:Raman_Sukumar|Sukumar, R.]] (2003). "Sexual selection and mate choice". The Living Elephants: Evolutionary Ecology, Behavior, and Conservation. Oxford, USA: Oxford University Press. pp. 112–124. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-19-510778-0|0-19-510778-0.]]</ref> Musth gape o dira tiro ya go bitsa tlhokomelo go tse di namagadi gore ke tsa boleng jo bo siameng, mme ga e ka ke ya etsisiwa jaaka dipitso tse di rileng kgotsa medumo e ka nna. Ditona di tsala bana ba le mmalwa ka dipaka tse di se mo musth. Ka nako ya fa estrus e le fa gare, ditlou tse di namagadi di batla tse ditonanyana tse di mo musth go di disa. Dinamagadi di tla goa, ka tsela e e kwa godimo, e e kwa tlase go gogela tse ditonanyana go tswa kwa kgakala. Ditlou tse ditonanyana gape di kgona go dupelela monko wa dihoromone tsa e namagadi e e siametseng go tsala. Se se dira gore tse ditonanyana di gaisane go nyalana, se se felelang ka gore tse di namagadi di nyalane le tse ditonanyana tse di godileng, tse di itekanetseng.<ref name=":13">Poole, J. H. (1989). "Mate guarding, reproductive success and female choice in African elephants". Animal Behaviour. 37: 842–849. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1989AnBeh..37..842P 1989AnBeh..37..842P.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/0003-3472(89)90068-7|10.1016/0003-3472(89)90068-7]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:53150105 53150105].</ref> Dinamagadi di tlhopha go fitlha kwa ntlheng e e rileng gore di nyalana le mang, ka gonne ke tsone tse di lekang go dira gore tse ditonanyana di gaisane go di disa. Le fa go ntse jalo, tse di namagadi ga di disiwe mo dikgatong tsa ntlha le tsa morago tsa estrus, tse di ka letlang go nyalana ke tse ditonanyana tse dinnye e seng mo musth.<ref name=":13" /> Ditona tse di fetang dingwaga di le masome a matlhano di gaisana thata le tse di namagadi mo estrus, mme di atlega thata fa di le dikgolo le go nna bogale thata.<ref name=":16" /> Ditonyana tse dikgolo di na le go tsala bana ba batona.<ref>Lee, P. C.; Moss, C. J. (1986). "Early maternal investment in male and female African elephant calves". Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. 18 (5): 353–361. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1986BEcoS..18..353L 1986BEcoS..18..353L]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/bf00299666|10.1007/bf00299666]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10901693 10901693].</ref> Ditona tse di tlhaga di simolola go tsala mo dingwageng tsa tsone tsa masome a mararo fa di le mo bogolong le bokete jo bo gaisanang le tse ditonanyana tse dingwe tse di godileng. Katlego ya tsalo ya banna e kwa godimo mo bogareng jwa bogolo mme morago ga moo e simolole go fokotsega. Le fa go ntse jalo, se se ka ikaega ka maemo a monna mo setlhopheng sa bona, ka ge banna ba maemo a a kwa godimo ba tshegetsa seelo se se kwa godimo sa tsalo.<ref>Loizi, H.; Goodwin, T. E.; Rasmussen, L. E. L.; Whitehouse, A. M.; Schulte, B. A. (2009). "Sexual dimorphism in the performance of chemosensory investigatory behaviours by African elephants (Loxodonta africana)". Behaviour. 146 (3): 373–392. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1163/156853909X410964|10.1163/156853909X410964]].</ref> Bontsi jwa go nyalana go go lemogilweng ke ga banna mo musth ba ba fetang dingwaga di le 35. Ditebelelo tse ditelele di le masome a mabedi le bobedi di bontshitse gore dingwaga le musth ke dintlha tse di botlhokwa thata; "... banna ba ba godileng ba ne ba na le katlego e e kwa godimo ya go nna rre fa ba bapisiwa le banna ba bannye, se se akantshang kgonagalo ya go tlhophiwa ga thobalano go tshela lobaka lo loleele mo mofuteng o."<ref name=":15" />: (tsebe ya makgolo a mabedi le masome a borobabobedi le bosupa) == Matshosetsi == [[Setshwantsho:Number of African elephants.svg|thumb|Palo ya Ditlou tsa Aforika]] Mefuta ka bobedi e tshosediwa ke go [[:en:Habitat_loss|latlhegelwa ke bonno]] le go kgaogana. Go tsoma kgwebisano e e seng ka fa molaong ya [[:en:Ivory_trade|dinaka tsa tlou]] ke matshosetsi mo dinageng di le mmalwa tse di farologaneng gape. Tlou ya sekgwa ya Aforika e kwadilwe jaaka e e mo [[:en:Endangered_species|kotsing ya go nyelela]] mme tlou ya sekgwa sa Aforika e kwadilwe jaaka e e mo [[:en:Critically_Endangered|kotsing e e masisi]] mo [[:en:IUCN_Red_List|Manaaneng a Mahibidu a IUCN]] a a farologaneng.<ref>Gobush, K.S.; Edwards, C.T.T.; Balfour, D.; Wittemyer, G.; Maisels, F.; Taylor, R.D. (2022) [amended version of 2021 assessment]. [https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/181008073/223031019 ''"Loxodonta africana"'']. [[:en:IUCN_Red_List|IUCN Red List of Threatened Species]]. 2022 e.T181008073A223031019. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-2.RLTS.T181008073A223031019.en|10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-2.RLTS.T181008073A223031019.en.]]</ref><ref>Gobush, K.S.; Edwards, C.T.T.; Maisels, F.; Wittemyer, G.; Balfour, D.; Taylor, R.D. (2021) [errata version of 2021 assessment]. "[https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/181007989/204404464 ''Loxodonta cyclotis'']". [[:en:IUCN_Red_List|IUCN Red List of Threatened Species]]. 2021 e.T181007989A204404464. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T181007989A204404464.en|10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T181007989A204404464.en.]]</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Ivory trade.jpg|thumb|Banna ba ba nang le meno a tlou ya Aforika kwa Dar es Salaam, c. 1900]] Go ikaegilwe ka mefuta ya dimela tse di tlamelang ka bonno jo bo tshwanetseng jwa ditlou tsa Aforika, go ne ga akanyediwa gore mo tshimologong ya ngwagakgolo wa lesome le borobabongwe palogodimo ya ditlou tsa Aforika e ne e le didikadike di le masome a mabedi le borataro le dikete tsa makgolo a borobabongwe le lesome le boraro tse di ka tswang di ne di le teng go tswa kwa [[:en:Sahel|Sahel]] kwa bokone go ya kwa [[:en:Highveld|Highveld]] kwa borwa. Go fokotsega ga bonno jo bo tshwanetseng e ne e le selo se segolo se se bakileng go fokotsega ga palo ya ditlou go fitlha ka dingwaga tsa bo 1950. Go tsoma ditlou tsa Aforika go dira kgwebo ya [[:en:Ivory_trade|dinaka tsa tlou]] go ne ga itlhaganedisa kwelotlase go tloga ka dingwaga tsa bo 1970 go ya pele. [[:en:Carrying_capacity|Bokgoni jwa go rwala jwa mafelo]] a a setseng a a tshwanetseng bo ne bo akanyeddiwa go nna ditlou di le didikadike di le borobabobedi le dikete tse makgolo a borobabobgwe le masome a borobabobedi le botlhano ka bontsi ka ngwaga wa 1987.<ref>Milner-Gulland, E. J.; Beddington, J. R. (1993). "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/252970898 The exploitation of elephants for the ivory trade: an historical perspective".] Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 252 (1333): 29–37. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1993RSPSB.252...29M 1993RSPSB.252...29M]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1098/rspb.1993.0042|10.1098/rspb.1993.0042.]] [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:128704128 128704128].</ref> Ka dingwaga tsa bo 1970 le bo 1980, tlhwatlhwa ya lonaka lwa tlou e ne ya tlhatloga, mme go tsoma lonaka lwa tlou go ne ga oketsega, bogolosegolo kwa dinageng tsa Aforika Bogare kwa phitlhelelo ya mafelo a ditlou e neng e tlhofofadiwa ke madirelo a go [[:en:Logging|rema ditlhare]] le meepo ya [[:en:Petroleum|peterolo]].<ref name=":14" /> Magareng ga dingwaga tsa 1976 le 1980, go ne ga romelwa ntle dinaka tsa ditlou tse di tala di ka nna bokete jwa tonne di le makgolo a borobabobedi le masome a mararo (ditone di le makgolo a borobabobedi le masome a mabedi tse ditelele; ditone di le makgolo a borobabongwe le lesome tse dikhutshwane) go tswa kwa Aforika go ya kwa [[:en:Hong_Kong|Hong Kong]] le [[:en:Japan|Japane]], e e lekanang le dinaka tsa ditlou tsa Aforika di ka nna dikete di le mkgolo a mabedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi.<ref>Parker, J. S. C.; Martin, E. B. (1982). [[doi:10.1017/S0030605300017452|"How many elephants are killed for the ivory trade?]]". Oryx. 16 (3): 235–239. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1017/S0030605300017452|10.1017/S0030605300017452]].</ref> Palo ya ntlha ya ditlou mo karolo kgolong ya lefatshe e naleng mafatshe a mantsi ya Aforika e ne ya dirwa ka ngwaga wa 1976. Ka nako eo, go ne go akanngwa gore go na le ditlou di ka nna didikadike di le mongwe le dikete di le makgolo a mararo le masome a mane tse di neng di gasame mo lefelong la dikilometara tse di khutlonne di le didikadike di le supa tsotlhe le dikete di le makgolo a mararo (dikilometara tsa sekwere di le didikadike di le pedi tsotlhe le dikete di le makgolo a robedi).<ref name=":17">Stiles, D. (2004). "[http://danstiles.org/publications/ivory/09.Env.Cons.final.pdf The ivory trade and elephant conservation"] (PDF). Environmental Conservation. 31 (4): 309–321. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004EnvCo..31..309S 2004EnvCo..31..309S.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1017/S0376892904001614|10.1017/S0376892904001614.]] [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:14772884 14772884].</ref>Mo dingwageng tsa bo-1980, go ne go le thata go dira dipatlisiso tse di rulaganeng mo dinageng di le mmalwa tsa Botlhaba jwa Aforika ka ntlha ya [[:en:Civil_war|dintwa tsa selegae]].<ref name=":14" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1987, go ne go akanngwa gore palo ya ditlou tsa Aforika e ne e fokotsegile go fitlha go dikete di le makgolo a supa le masome a marataro.Ka ngwaga wa 1989, go ne go akanngwa gore go ne go setse ditlou tsa Aforika di le dikete di le makgolo a marataro le boferabobedi fela.<ref name=":17" />Ka ngwaga wa 1989, Tirelo ya Diphologolo tsa Naga ya Kenya (Kenyan Wildlife Service) e ne ya fisa mokgobo wa manaka a ditlou go bontsha kganetso ya yone kgatlhanong le kgwebo ya manaka a ditlou.<ref>Poole, J. (1996). [[iarchive:isbn_9780786860951/page/232|Coming of Age With Elephants.]] New York: Hyperion. p. 232. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-7868-6095-2|0-7868-6095-2]].</ref> Fa kgwebo ya boditšhabatšhaba ya dinaka tsa ditlou e ne e simolola gape ka ngwaga wa 2006, tlhokego le tlhwatlhwa ya manaka a ditlou di ne tsa oketsega kwa Asia. [[:en:Zakouma_National_Park|Kwa Lefelong la Bosetšhaba ya Zakouma]] kwa Chad, go feta ditlou di le dikete di le tharo le makgolo a mabedi di ne tsa bolawa magareng ga ngwaga wa 2005 le 2010. Paka eo e ne e sena balebeledi ba ba lekaneng go lwantsha go tsoma ka tsela e e seng molaong, e bile dibetsa tsa bone di ne di setse kwa morago. Ditlhopha tse di neng di rulagantswe sentle di ne tsa nolofatsa go rekisa dinaka tseo ka bokukuntshwane go feta ka Sudan.<ref>Poilecot, P. (2010). "[[doi:10.19182/bft2010.303.a20454|Le braconnage et la population d'éléphants au Parc National de Zakouma (Tchad)"]]. ''Bois et Forêts des Tropiques''. '''303''' (303): 93–102. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doi_(identifier):[[doi:10.19182/bft2010.303.a20454|10.19182/bft2010.303.a20454]].</ref> Puso ya Tanzania e ne ya akanyetsa gore go feta ditlou di le dikete di le masome a borobabobedi le botlhano di ne tsa bolawa ka ntlha ya go tsomiwa ka tsela e e seng molaong magareng ga ngwaga wa 2009 le 2014, se se emelang tatlhegelo ya karolo ya masome a marataro mo lekgolong.<ref>Mathiesen, K. (2015). "[https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/jun/02/tanzania-epicentre-of-elephant-poaching-census-reveals Tanzania elephant population declined by 60% in five years, census reveals"]. [[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]. Retrieved 23 August 2017.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa 2012, go ne ga begwa koketsego e kgolo ya go tsomiwa ga dinaka tsa ditlou ka tsela e e seng ka fa molaong, mme mo e ka nnang karolo ya masome a supa mo lekgolong tsa dinaka tsa ditlou di ne di isiwa kwa China.<ref>[[:en:Jeffrey_Gettleman|Gettleman, J.]] (2012). [https://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/04/world/africa/africas-elephants-are-being-slaughtered-in-poaching-frenzy.html "Elephants Dying in Epic Frenzy as Ivory Fuels Wars and Profits"]. The New York Times.</ref> China e ne e le mmaraka o mogolo thata wa dinaka tsa ditlou a a tsomilweng ka tsela e e seng molaong. Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 2015, e ne ya itsise gore e tla emisa ka iketlo go dira le go rekisa ka molao ditlhagisiwa tsotlhe tse di dirilweng ka dinaka tsa ditlou.<ref>Ryan, F. (2015). [https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/sep/26/china-and-us-agree-on-ivory-ban-in-bid-to-end-illegal-trade-globally "China and US agree on ivory ban in bid to end illegal trade globally"]. The Guardian.</ref> Dikgotlhang magareng ga ditlou le palo e e golang ya batho ke kgang e kgolo mo tshomarelong ya ditlou.<ref name=":14" /> Go tsenelela ga batho mo mafelong a tlholego a ditlou tsa sekgwa di leng mo go one kgotsa go nna teng ga tsone go go oketsegang mo mafelong a a mabapi go dirile gore go dirwe dipatlisiso ka mekgwa ya go kgweetsa ditlhopha tsa ditlou kgakala le batho ka tsela e e babalesegileng. Go tshameka medumo e e gatisitsweng ya [[:en:Western_honey_bee|dinotshe tsa tswina tsa Bophirima]] tse di galefileng go fitlhetswe go le mosola thata mo go tlhotlheletseng ditlou go tshaba mo lefelong lengwe.<ref>King, L. E.; [[:en:Iain_Douglas-Hamilton|Douglas-Hamilton, I.]]; Vollrath, F. (2007). "[[doi:10.1016/j.cub.2007.07.038|African elephants run from the sound of disturbed bees".]] Current Biology. 17 (19): R832–R833. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007CBio...17.R832K 2007CBio...17.R832K]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.cub.2007.07.038|10.1016/j.cub.2007.07.038]]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17925207 17925207]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:30014793 30014793].</ref> Balemirui ba lekile go tshosa ditlou ka ditsela tse di bogale jaaka molelo kgotsa tiriso ya dipepere tsa tšhilisi go bapa le magora go sireletsa dijalo tsa bona.<ref>Snyder, K.; Mneney, P.; Benjamin, B.; Mkilindi, P.; Mbise, N. (2019). "[[doi:10.1017/S0030605318001382|Seasonal and spatial vulnerability to agricultural damage by elephants in the western Serengeti, Tanzania"]]. Oryx. 55 (1): 139–149. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1017/S0030605318001382|10.1017/S0030605318001382]].</ref> Matshosetsi a magolo a ditlou tsa Aforika ke go latlhegelwa ke bonno le go tsomiwa, mo godimo ga matshosetsi a a magolo, a a tshwenyang thata, go ne ga tlhaga matshosetsi a sešweng a a akaretsang dikgoreletsi tse di dirilweng ke batho le phetolo ya naga e e amang thata le go lekanyetsa motsamao le go anamisiwa ga ditlou tsa Aforika. Kago ya magora, ditsela, dintlha tsa metsi tsa maitirelo, le mafatshe a temothuo di begile ditlamorago tse di masisi mo go fetoleng mekgwa ya motsamao wa tlholego, go kgaoganya mafelo a bodulo, le go lekanyetsa phitlhelelo ya metswedi ya paka.<ref name=":18">Loarie, Scott R.; Van Aarde, R.J.; Pimm, S.L. (2009). "Fences and artificial water affect African savannah elephant movement patterns". Biological Conservation. 142 (12): 3086–3098. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2009.08.008|10.1016/j.biocon.2009.08.008]].</ref> Dikgoreletsi tse tsa maitirelo di ka dira gore ditlou tsa Aforika di itemogele kgaisano e e oketsegileng ka ge metswedi le mafelo a a kgaogantsweng a na le selekanyo mme di tla lebisa kwa kgotlhang e e gagametseng ya batho le ditlou ka ge ditlou di patelesega go atolosa mafelo a tsona go ya kwa kgotsa gaufi le mafelo a temothuo le mafatshe a a laolwang ke batho.<ref name=":18" /><ref name=":19">Blanc, J.J.; Barnes, Richard F.W.; Craig, G.C.; Dublin, H.T.; Thouless, C.R.; Douglas-Hamilton, Ian; Hart, J.A. (2007). African elephant status report 2007: an update from the African elephant database. IUCN. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.2305/iucn.ch.2007.ssc-op.33.en|10.2305/iucn.ch.2007.ssc-op.33.en.]] [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-2-8317-0970-3|978-2-8317-0970-3.]]</ref> == Tshomarelo == Ka ngwaga wa 1986, Polokelo ya tshedimosetso ya Ditlou tsa Aforika e ne ya simololwa ka boikaelelo jwa go ela tlhoko seemo sa dipalopalo tsa ditlou tsa Aforika. Polokelo ya tshedimosetso e e akaretsa dipholo go tswa mo dipatlisisong tsa kwa godimo, dipalo tsa boloko, dipotsolotso le batho ba selegae le tshedimosetso ka ga go tsoma.<ref>Thouless, C. R.; Dublin, H. T.; Blanc, J. J.; Skinner, D. P.; Daniel, T. E.; Taylor, R. D.; Maisels, F.; Frederick, H. L.; Bouché, P. (2016). [https://www.dropbox.com/s/7a8w3kk6r9hzm0r/AfESG%20African%20Elephant%20Status%20Report%202016.pdf?dl=1 African Elephant Status Report 2016: an update from the African Elephant Database] (PDF). Occasional Paper of the IUCN Species Survival Commission No. 60. Gland: IUCN SSC African Elephant Specialist Group. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-2-8317-1813-2|978-2-8317-1813-2]].[permanent dead link]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa1989, [[:en:Convention_on_International_Trade_in_Endangered_Species_of_Wild_Fauna_and_Flora|Tumalano ya Kgwebisano ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Mefuta e e mo Kotsing ya go Nyelela ya Diphologolo le Dimela tsa Nag]]<nowiki/>a e ne ya tsenya tlou ya Afrika mo lenaaneng la [[:en:CITES_Appendix_I|Mametlelelo]] [[:en:CITES_Appendix_I|a ntlha ya CITES]]. Lenaane leno le ne le thibela kgwebisano ya boditšhabatšhaba ya ditlou tsa Afrika le dikarolo tsa mmele wa tsone ke dinaga tse di saenileng tumalano ya CITES. Go tsoma ditlou go thibetswe kwa Repaboliking ya Afrika Bogare, kwa Repaboliking ya puso ya batho ka batho ya Congo, kwa Gabon, kwa Côte d’Ivoire le kwa Senegal. Morago ga gore thibelo e tsene tirisong ka ngwaga wa 1990, thekiso ya ditshwantsho tse di [[:en:Ivory_carving|betlilweng tsa lonaka lwa tlou]] mo Aforika Borwa e wetse tlase ka go feta karolo ya masome a borobabongwe le botlhano mo lekgolong mo dingwageng di le lesome.<ref>Stiles, D.; Martin, E. (2001). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20200103093454/https://www.iucn.org/backup_iucn/cmsdata.iucn.org/downloads/pachy30.pdf#page=27 Status and trends of the ivory trade in Africa, 1989–1999"] (PDF). Pachyderm. 30 (30): 24–36. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.69649/pachyderm.v30i1.1035|10.69649/pachyderm.v30i1.1035.]] Archived from [https://www.iucn.org/backup_iucn/cmsdata.iucn.org/downloads/pachy30.pdf#page=27 the original] (PDF) on 3 January 2020. Retrieved 8 June 2019.</ref> Ka ntlha ya thibelo ya kgwebisano, palo ya ditlou tsa Aforika e ne ya boela mannong kwa dinageng tsa [[:en:Southern_Africa|Borwa jwa Aforika]].<ref>Blanc, J. J.; Barnes, R. F. W.; Craig, G. C.; Dublin, H. T.; Thouless, C. R.; Douglas-Hamilton, I.; Hart, J. A. (2007)[https://portals.iucn.org/library/efiles/documents/SSC-OP-033.pdf . African Elephant Status Report 2007: An update from the African Elephant Database] (PDF). Occasional Paper of the IUCN Species Survival Commission No. 33. Gland: IUCN SSC African Elephant Specialist Group.</ref> Setlhopha sa Baitseanape ba Ditlou tsa Aforika se tlhomile ''Setlhopha sa Tiro sa Dikgotlhang tsa Batho le Ditlou'' ka maikaelelo a go tlhama maano a go fokotsa dikgotlhang.<ref>Naughton, L.; Rose, R.; Treves, A. (1999). [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228594746 The social dimensions of human-elephant conflict in Africa: A literature review and case studies from Uganda and Cameroon.] Madison: University of Wisconsin.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2005, [[:en:West_African_Elephant_Memorandum_of_Understanding|Memorantamo wa Kutlwano wa Ditlou tsa]] [[:en:West_African_Elephant_Memorandum_of_Understanding|Bophirima jwa Aforika]] o ne wa bewa mowana ke mafatshe a le lesome le bobedi tsa Bophirima jwa Aforika. [[:en:Convention_on_the_Conservation_of_Migratory_Species_of_Wild_Animals|Tumalano ya Tshomarelo ya Mefuta e e Fudugang ya Diphologolo tsa Naga]] e ne ya tlamela ka tshegetso ya matlole dingwaga di le nne go diragatsa Leano la Tshomarelo ya Ditlou la Aforika Bophirima, le le bopang karolo e e botlhokwa ya tumalano eno ya dipuso.<ref>Dublin, H. (2005). "[https://library.wur.nl/WebQuery/wurpubs/fulltext/17713 African Elephant Specialist Group report"]. Pachyderm (39): 1–9.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2019, thomelo ya kwa ntle ya ditlou tsa naga tsa Aforika kwa di-zoo go ralala lefatshe e ne ya thibelwa, kwa ntle ga phapogo e e neng ya okediwa ke EU go letla thomelontle mo "maemong a a sa tlwaelegang a mo go one ... go tsewang gore go fudusediwa kwa mafelong a pele ga tsone go tla tlamela ka melemo e e bonalang ya tshomarelo ya ditlou tsa Aforika". Pele, thomelontle e ne e letleletswe mo Aforika Borwa ka Zimbabwe e tshwara le go romela ntle masea a ditlou a a fetang lekgolo kwa lefelong la polokelo ya diphologolo tsa naga tsa China fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 2012.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/aug/27/near-total-ban-imposed-on-sending-wild-african-elephants-to-zoos "Near-total ban imposed on sending wild African elephants to zoos"].</ref> Go fitlhetswe gore tshomarelo ya ditlou ga e tlhole kgwebisano le [[:en:Climate_change_mitigation|phokotso ya phetogo ya]] [[:en:Climate_change_mitigation|seemo]] sa bosa. Le fa diphologolo ka tlwaelo di baka phokotsego ya palo yotlhe ya bokete jwa ditshedi mo lefelong ya logong mme ka jalo le khabone e e fa godimo ga mmu, di rotloetsa [[:en:Carbon_sequestration|go tshwarwa ga khabone mo mmung]].<ref>Sandhage-Hofmann, A.; Linstädter, A.; Kindermann, L.; Angombe, S.; Amelung, W. (2021). [[doi:10.1111/gcb.15779|"Conservation with elevated elephant densities sequesters carbon in soils despite losses of woody biomass"]]. Global Change Biology. 27 (19): 4601–4614. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2021GCBio..27.4601S 2021GCBio..27.4601S.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]][[doi:10.1111/gcb.15779|:10.1111/gcb.15779]]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34197679 34197679].</ref> === Ditogamaano tsa tshomarelo === Mekgwa ya tshomarelo ya sešweng ya ditlou tsa Aforika e tsepamisitswe thata mo taolong ya maemo a kgaolo le tlhokomelo ya kgolagano ya tikologo magareng ga mafelo a a kgaoganeng moo mabaka a maitirelo e leng ntlha e kgolo e e tlhotlheletsang palo ya ditlou tsa Aforika. Ka go ranola mo ditselaneng tsa khudugo a diphologolo le ka go tsweletsa kgolagano magareng ga mafelo a a sireleditsweng, e tla tshegetsa mekgwa ya motsamao wa tlholego le phitlhelelo e e lekalekanang ya metswedi ya paka.<ref name=":18" />Maano a tshomarelo a tla akaretsa maiteko a go koafatsa ditlamorago tsa mafaratlhatlha a batho jaaka go tlosa magora le go tokafatsa thulaganyo ya tiriso ya lefatshe e e tla tshitshinyang go fokotsa go kgaogana ga bonno le kgotlhang ya ditlou tsa batho.<ref name=":18" />  Dintlha tse dingwe tse di tla nonotshang tshomarelo ya ditlou tsa Aforika di akaretsa taolo e e gokagantsweng ya boditšhabatšhaba jaaka fa mafelo a ditlou a anamisitswe ka bophara go ralala dipoa tsa Aforika le dikgaolo tsa go lea diphologolo tsa naga, le go kopanngwa ga baagi ba selegae mo thulaganyong ya tshomarelo.<ref name=":19" /> == Tsa Ngwao == [[Setshwantsho:Elephant african mask.jpg|thumb|Maseke o o naleng sebobedo sa tlou kwa Ivory Coast]] Di [[:en:Culture_of_Africa|ngwao tsa Aforika]] ka bontsi di tlotla tlou e le sesupo sa nonofo le maatla.<ref>http://www.edgeofexistence.org/mammals/species_info.php?id=77". EDGE: Mammal Species Information. Retrieved 7 December 2012.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20130710032204/http://www.cms.int/species/elephants/index.htm West African Elephants]". Convention on Migratory Species. Retrieved 7 December 2012.</ref>E gape e tlotliwa ka ntlha ya bogolo jwa yone, boleele jwa botshelo, boitshoko, botlhale, moya wa tirisanommogo le [[:en:Loyalty|boikanyego]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130330072035/http://www.fowler.ucla.edu/category/exhibitions-education/elephant-animal-and-its-ivory-african-culture "Elephant: The Animal and Its Ivory in African Culture".] Fowler Museum at UCLA. Archived from [http://www.fowler.ucla.edu/category/exhibitions-education/elephant-animal-and-its-ivory-african-culture the original] on 30 March 2013. Retrieved 24 January 2013.</ref> Bohlokwa jwa yone mo ditumelong bo ikaegile thata ka go e tsaya e le [[:en:Totemism|phologolo e e emelang losika]] kgotsa setlhopha sa batho (totem).<ref>Sukumar, R. (2003). "The capture and use of the African elephant". The Living Elephants: Evolutionary Ecology, Behaviour, and Conservation. Oxford, USA: Oxford University Press. pp. 81–88. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-19-510778-4|978-0-19-510778-4.]] [[:en:OCLC_(identifier)|OCLC]] [https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/935260783 935260783].</ref> Merafe e le mentsi e ne e dumela gore dikgosi tsa yone di tla tsalwa gape e le ditlou fa di sena go tlhokafala. Mo lekgolong la bolesome la dingwaga, batho ba [[:en:Igbo-Ukwu|Igbo-Ukwu]] kwa Nigeria ba ne ba fitlha baeteledipele ba bone ba na le manaka a tlou.<ref>Wylie, D. (2009). Elephant. Reaktion Books. p. 79. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-86189-615-5|978-1-86189-615-5]]. [[:en:OCLC_(identifier)|OCLC]] [https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/740873839 740873839].</ref> [[:en:South_Africa|Aforika Borwa]] e dirisa dinaka tsa tlou mo [[:en:Coat_of_arms_of_South_Africa|sekapeng sa bosetšhaba]] (letshwao la semmuso la puso kgotsa la naga) go emela botlhale, maatla, tekatekano le botshelo jo bo sa khutleng.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20120904094036/http://www.info.gov.za/aboutgovt/symbols/coa/index.htm National Coat of Arms"]. South African Government Information. Archived from [http://www.info.gov.za/aboutgovt/symbols/coa/index.htm the original] on 4 September 2012. Retrieved 7 December 2012.</ref> Mo [[:en:Kingdom_of_Dahomey|Bogosing jwa Dahomey]] kwa Bophirima jwa Aforika (jo jaanong bo bidiwang [[:en:Benin|Benin]]), tlou e ne e amanngwa le babusi ba lekgolo la bo lesome le borobabbongwe la dingwaga ba [[:en:Fon_people|morafe wa Fon]], e bong [[:en:Guezo|Guezo]] le morwawe [[:en:Glele|Glele]].[a] Go dumelwa gore phologolo e e emela nonofo, boswa jwa bogosi le segopotso se se nnang tsotlhe, jaaka go bontshiwa ke maele a a reng: ''"Kwa tlou e fetang mo sekgweng, tsotlhe di a itse,''" le ''"Diphologolo di gata mo lefatsheng, mme tlou yona e gata fa batshe ka maatla.''"<ref>"[https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/318417 Elephant Figure | Fon peoples | The Met".] The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved 12 December 2017.</ref> Folaga ya bone e ne e na le setshwantsho sa tlou e rwetse serwalo sa bogosi. ==== E le matshwao a bosetšhaba ==== [[:en:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Central_African_Republic|Sekapa sa bosetšhaba sa Lefatshe la Bogare jwa Aforika]] se na le tlhogo ya tlou mo karolong e e kwa godimo ka molema ya thebe. [[:en:Coat_of_arms_of_Guinea|Sekapa sa bosetšhaba sa Guinea]] se se neng se dirisiwa go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1958 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1984 se ne se na le tlou ya gouta mo gare ga thebe. [[:en:Coat_of_arms_of_Ivory_Coast|Sekapa sa bosetšhaba sa Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast)]] se dirisa tlhogo ya tlou e le letshwao le legolo la sesupo sa sona. [[:en:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo|Sekapa sa bosetšhaba sa Rephaboliki ya Congo]] se na le ditlou di le pedi tse di tshwereng thebe. [[:en:Coat_of_arms_of_Eswatini|Sekapa sa bosetšhaba sa Eswatini]] se na le tlou le tau tse di emeng tsotlhe di tshegetsa thebe. == Bona gape == * [[:en:Africa's_Elephant_Kingdom|''Bogosi jwa Ditlou jwa Aforika'']] * [[:en:List_of_individual_elephants|Lenaane la ditlou ka bongwe]] Dintlha a. Guezo le Glele ba ne ba busa go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1818 go ya go kwa ngwageng wa 1858 le go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1858 go ya ko ngwageng wa 1889, ka go latelana . == Metswedi == <references /> == Dikgokagano tsa kwa ntle == * "[https://www.cms.int/en/species/loxodonta-africana Loxodonta africana]". ''Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals.'' 2020. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090318112402/http://elephant.elehost.com/About_Elephants/about_elephants.htm Elephant Information Repository] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090318112402/http://elephant.elehost.com/About_Elephants/about_elephants.htm|date=18 March 2009}} – An in-depth resource on elephants * [http://faculty.jsd.claremont.edu/dmcfarlane/MtElgon/index.htm "Elephant caves" of Mt Elgon National Park] * [https://elephantvoices.org/ ElephantVoices] – Resource on elephant vocal communications * [https://www.elephanttrust.org/ Amboseli Trust for Elephants] – Interactive web site * [https://web.archive.org/web/20151107212924/http://anotherelephant.org/ Another Elephant] – A hub for saving the elephants. * David Quammen (2008). [https://web.archive.org/web/20080826010035/http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2008/09/samburu-elephants/quammen-text "Family ties – The elephants of Samburu"]. National Geographic Magazine. Archived from [http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2008/09/samburu-elephants/quammen-text the original] on 26 August 2008. * [https://eia-international.org/ EIA 25 yrs investigating the ivory trade, reports etc] * [https://us.eia.org/ EIA (in the USA) reports etc] * [https://elephantconservation.org/elephants/african-elephants/ International Elephant Foundation] * in2d77nykim5t0ki08ah66ajhdkuwra 0 13383 53994 50558 2026-08-09T16:52:33Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53994 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zambezi''' (e ka kwalawang gape ele '''Zambese''' kana '''Zambesi''') ke noka [[:en:List_of_river_systems_by_length|ya bone a kgolo]] mo Aforika, noka e kgolo e tshologelang botlhaba mo Aforika gape e leng yona oka e kgolo e tshologelang mo [[:en:Indian_Ocean|lewatleng la Indiana]] go tswa mo Aforika. Go [[:en:Drainage_basin|kgopa metsi]] ga yone go bophara jwa selekano sa 1,390,000 km ga bedi (540,000 mi ga bedi),<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081217180850/http://files.gorongosa.net/filestore/348-patterns_hydrological_change_zambezi_delta.pdf "Richard Beilfuss & David dos Santos: Patterns of Hydrological Change in the Zambezi Delta, Monogram for the Sustainable Management of Cahora Bassa Dam and The Lower Zambezi Valley (2001). Estimated mean flow rate 3424 m³/s"] (PDF). Archived from [http://files.gorongosa.net/filestore/348-patterns_hydrological_change_zambezi_delta.pdf the original] (PDF) on 17 December 2008. Retrieved 18 October 2008.</ref><ref>[http://www.riob.org/transfrontalier/Bilanglobal.PDF International Network of Basin Organisations/Office International de L'eau]: [https://web.archive.org/web/20090327102256/http://www.riob.org/transfrontalier/Bilanglobal.PDF Archived] 27 March 2009 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] "Développer les Compétences pour mieux Gérer l'Eau: Fleuves Transfrontaliers Africains: Bilan Global." (2002). Estimated annual discharge 106 km³, equal to mean flow rate 3360 m³/s</ref> ko tlasenyana ga noka ya [[:en:Nile|Nile]]. Noka e ya bophara jwa 2,754 km (1,599 mi) e simologa mo [[:en:Zambia|Zambia]] mme e fete ka botlhaba jwa [[:en:Angola|Angola]], go bapisa bokone-botlhaba jwa bodara ya [[:en:Namibia|Namibia]] le bokone jwa bodara ya [[:en:Botswana|Botswana]], e boe e fete gape mo mmileng wa bodara e magareng go Zambia le [[:en:Zimbabwe|Zimbabwe]] goya [[:en:Mozambique|Mozambique]], kwa e kgabaganyang lefatshe go tshologela mo lewatleng la Indiana.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/place/Zambezi-River "Zambezi River | river, Africa".] ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210502232720/https://www.britannica.com/place/Zambezi-River Archived] from the original on 2 May 2021. Retrieved 20 May 2021.</ref><ref>[https://www.victoriafalls-guide.net/zambezi-river.html "Zambezi River Facts and Information"]. ''www.victoriafalls-guide.net''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230507055636/https://www.victoriafalls-guide.net/zambezi-river.html Archived] from the original on 7 May 2023. Retrieved 27 May 2021.</ref> Ngwe ya ntlha tse di lemogiwang thata ka noka ya Zambezi ke [[:en:Victoria_Falls|phororo ya metsi a Victoria]]. Diphororo tse dingwe di ama [[:en:Chavuma_Falls|Chavuma]]<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/place/Chavuma-Falls "Chavuma Falls | waterfall, Zambia | Britannica"]. ''www.britannica.com''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220626032309/https://www.britannica.com/place/Chavuma-Falls Archived] from the original on 26 June 2022. Retrieved 26 June 2022.</ref> le [[:en:Ngonye_Falls|Ngonye.]]<ref>[https://www.zambiatourism.com/destinations/waterfalls/ngonye-falls/ "Zambia Tourism: Waterfalls"]. ''Zambia Tourism''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200407045055/https://www.zambiatourism.com/destinations/waterfalls/ngonye-falls/ Archived] from the original on 7 April 2020. Retrieved 25 June 2022.</ref> Ditsela tse pedi tsa konokono tsa [[:en:Hydroelectricity|metsi a motlakase]] mo nokeng e ke [[:en:Kariba_Dam|noka ya Kariba]] e e direlang Zambia le Zimbabwe motlakase e boe e direle le [[:en:Cahora_Bassa_Dam|noka ya Cahora Bassa]] mo Mozambique ee e e hetisetsang motlakase kwa Mozambique le [[:en:South_Africa|South Africa]]. Go oketsa, ditlhomo tse di potlana tsa metsi a motlakase dimo Zambia kwa diphororong tsa Victoria le [[:en:Zengamina|Zengamina.]]<ref>[http://www.nwzdt.org/?page_id=22 "Zengamina Hydro Project | North West Zambia Development Trust".] [https://web.archive.org/web/20220423080555/http://www.nwzdt.org/?page_id=22 Archived] from the original on 23 April 2022. Retrieved 18 April 2022.</ref><ref>Pasanisi, Francesco; Tebano, Carlo; Zarlenga, Francesco (March 2016). [[doi:10.3390/environments3010006|"A Survey near Tambara along the Lower Zambezi River".]] ''Environments''. '''3''' (1): 6. doi:[[doi:10.3390/environments3010006|10.3390/environments3010006]]</ref> Noka e e simologa mo [[:en:Dambo|dambo]] e ntsho e e nang le mokgobo wa metsi mo lefatsheng le le nang le dikgwa tse di kitlaneng tsa [[:en:Miombo|miombo]] tse di nang le mekgabisa ya dithota tsa di sa lekanang, 50km kwa bokone jwa [[:en:Mwinilunga|Mwinilunga]] le 20km kwa borwa jwa Ikelenge mo [[:en:Ikelenge_District|kgaolong ya Ikelenge]] kwa [[:en:North-Western_Province,_Zambia|Porofenseng ya Bokone-Bophirima]] jwa Zambia, mo godimo ga 1,524m(maoto a le 5,000) godimo ga [[:en:Sea_level|bogodimo jwa lewatle]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150904101922/http://www.muvitv.com/dilapidated-zambezi-source-site-worry-ikelenge-dc/ "Dilapidated Zambezi Source Site Worry Ikelenge DC".] ''muvitv.com''. Muvi TV. Archived from [http://www.muvitv.com/dilapidated-zambezi-source-site-worry-ikelenge-dc/ the original] on 4 September 2015. Retrieved 1 August 2015.</ref> Lefelo le le dikologileng motswedi ono ke segopotso sa banni, lefelo lele sireleditsweng la dikgwa, gape ke lefelo la [[:en:Important_bird_area|bothokwa mo diphologolong tsa dinonyane.]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150904101922/http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/sitefactsheet.php?id=7178 "ZM002 Source of the Zambezi".] ''birdlife.org''. Birdlife International. Archived from [http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/sitefactsheet.php?id=7178 the original] on 4 September 2015. Retrieved 1 August 2015.</ref> Go yeng bokone jwa motswedi, metsi a iketlileng a fa gare ga [[:en:Congo_Basin|Congo]] le [[:en:Zambezi_Basin|sekgele sa Zambezi]] ke lefelo le le supilweng thata la lefatshe le le fa godingwana, le tsamaya gaufi e botlhaba-bophirima mme a wela thata kafa bokone le borwa. Se se kgaola sekgele thata go tsweng mo [[:en:Lualaba_River|Lualaba]] (lekalana legolo godimo mo Congo) go tsweng mo Zambezi. Mo tikologong ya motswedi, metsi a iketlileng ga a bonale thata, mme dinoka tse pedi tse gadi kopane.<ref>Dorling Kindersley, pp. 84–85</ref> Lefelo lotlhe le le nosediwang ke noka ya Zambezi ke serala se segolo se se anameng, se se nang le melelwane e e sa tlhomamang, se se kwa bogodimong jwa 900km goya go 1200. Karolo e e kwa teng ga naga e bopilwe ka maje a fetogileng ka ntlha ya [[:en:Metamorphic_rock|mogote le kgatelelo,]] fa melelwane ya sona e dikaganyeditswe ke maje a a tlhodilweng ke [[:en:Igneous_rock|seretse sa molelo]] a a fitlhelwang gaufi le [[:en:Victoria_Falls|mepororo ya Victoria.]] Kwa [[:en:Chupanga|Chupanga]], mo mo karolong e e kwa tlase ga Zambezi, matlhatlaganyane a masesane a [[:en:Sandstone|maje]] a male wa serolwana le serolwana se se serolwana-bosetlha, ka dinako dingwe a na le matlhatlaganyana a [[:en:Limestone|leje la kalakala]], a bonala mo bodilong jwa noka ka paka ya komelelo. Maje ano a tswelela go feta [[:en:Tete,_Mozambique|Tete]], koo a amanang le mekgano e megolo ya magala a mashala. Mashala a a fitlhelwa gape mo kgaolong e e kwa tlase ga meproro ya Victoria. Maje a anang le gouta a bonala mo mafelong a le mmalwa.<ref>Ashton, Peter; Love, David; Mahachi, Harriet; Dirks, Paul. [https://pubs.iied.org/pdfs/G00599.pdf "An Overview of the Impacts of Mining and Mineral Processing Operations on Water Resources and Water Quality in the Zambezi, Limpopo AND Olifant Catchments in Southern Africa"] (PDF). ''International Institute for Environment and Development''. Mining, Minerals and Sustainable Development Project, Southern Africa. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201114231525/https://pubs.iied.org/pdfs/G00599.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 14 November 2020. Retrieved 13 November 2020.</ref> '''Zambezi e e kwa Godimo''' Noka e e elela kwa borwa-bophirima e tsena mo Angola sebaka sa 240km (150 mi) be e kopangwa ake [[:en:Tributary|dinoka tse dingwe]] tse dikgolo jaaka [[:en:Luena_River_(Angola)|Luena]] le Chifumage, tse di tswang kwa dithabeng tse di kwa bokone-bophirima.<ref>Dorling Kindersley, pp. 84–85</ref> Go tsweng foo e tlaabo e leba kwa borwa mme e bopa [[:en:Floodplain|lefelo le le legolo la morwalela]], le bophara jwa lone bo fetogang thata agreng ga paka ya komelelo le paka ya dipula. E boa e tsena mo [[:en:Zambezian_evergreen_dry_forests|sekgweng se se kitlaneng sa ditlhare tse di nnetseng botala ruri,]] mme kafa bophirima jwa yone go na le mafulo a a bulegileng a [[:en:Western_Zambezian_grasslands|Western Zambezian grasslands.]] Fa e boelang gape mo Zambia e abo ele bophara jwa 400m(dinao di ka nna 1,300) mo pakeng ya dipula, mme e elela ka lobelo le legolo ena le ditsela tsedi matlapa le [[:en:Rapids|metsi a a phothoselang]] go fitlha kwa [[:en:Chavuma_Falls|dipororong tsa chavuma]], kwa noka e fetang mo lekhalong la matlapa. Noka e e fologa seelo e kanna 400m, (dinao di kanna 1,300) gotswa kwa motsweding wa yone o o kwa bogodimong jwa 1,500m (dinao di ka nna 4,900) goya kwa dipororong tsa Chavuma e e kwa seeleng se ka nna 1,100m (dinao di ka nna3,600), mo sekgweng sa 400km (dimaele di ka nna 250). Go tsweng foo goya kwa dipororong tsa Victoria, bogodimo jwa lefatshe mo mekgapong ya metsi tlaabo bo lekana , bo fologelela seelo sa 180m (dinao dka tshwara 590) mo sekgweng sa 800km (dimaele di ka nna 500).<ref>Page, Geology (25 November 2014). [https://www.geologypage.com/2014/11/zambezi-river.html "Zambezi River"]. ''Geology Page''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210520095950/https://www.geologypage.com/2014/11/zambezi-river.html Archived] from the original on 20 May 2021. Retrieved 20 May 2021.</ref> Noka yantlha e kgolo e e tsenamg mo nokeng ya Zambezi ke [[:en:Kabompo_River|Kabompo]], e e leng kwa [[:en:North-Western_Province,_Zambia|porofenseng ya bokone-bophirima]] jwa Zambia. Mafatlha a [[:en:Savanna|Savanna]] a noka e elelang mo go yone a fetoga gonna lefelo le le legolo la morwalela, le le nang le [[:en:Fan_palm|ditlhare tsa palema]] tsa [[:en:Borassus|''Borassus'']] tse di gasameng mogo lone. Go yeng kwa borwa gose sekgele sepe noka e e [[:en:Confluence|kopana]] le [[:en:Lungwebungu_River|noka ya Lungwebungu.]] Mo tlaabo ele tshimologo ya [[:en:Barotse_Floodplain|lefelo le legolo la morwalela la Barotse,]] e leng sengwe sa dilo tse di itsegeng thata mo karolong e e kwa godimo ya Zambezi. Mme lefa gontse jalo, karolo ena e e kwa bokone ga e aparelwe ke morwalela thata, mme ena le ditlhaketlhake tsa lefatshe le le kwa godimo mo gare ga yone.<ref>[https://www.victoriafalls-guide.net/zambezi-river.html "Zambezi River Facts and Information".] ''www.victoriafalls-guide.net''[https://web.archive.org/web/20230507055636/https://www.victoriafalls-guide.net/zambezi-river.html . Archived] from the original on 7 May 2023. Retrieved 22 May 2021.</ref> E ka nnang seelo sa 30 km fa tlasa ga noka ya Lungwebungu e kopanang le Zambezi, naga e nna sephaphathi thata mme go nne lego bonala motlhofo ga lefelo e legoo la morwalela la Barotse. Morwalela o ka namela go fitlha o nna bophara jwa 25km mo pakeng ya dipula. Mo godimo ga 200km goya kwa tlase ga nka, potologo ya ngwaga le ngwaga ya morwalela e laola tikologo ya tlhago le botshelo jwa batho, banni le setso. M o e ka nnang 80km goya pele kwa tlase, noka ya [[:en:Luanginga_River|Luanginga]] e e kopanang le dinoka tse dingwe tse di tswang kwa bophirima, e tsena mo Nokeng ya Zambezi. Go boeng gape oya kwa godimo gose sekgele kafa botlhaba, noka e kgolo e kopangwa mo pakeng ya dipula ke metsi a a tshologang gotswa mo tsamaisong ya moedi wa noka ya [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Luampa_River&action=edit&redlink=1 Luampa]-[[:en:Luena_River_(Zambia)|Luena]].<ref>Dorling Kindersley, pp. 84–85</ref> Sekgele ese sa sepe fa o fologa morago ga fa noka ya Luanginga e kopang le ya Zambezi, o goroga kwa [[:en:Lealui|Lealui,]] ngwe ya metsemegolo ya [[:en:Lozi_people|batho ba Lozi]] ba ba nnang mo kgaolong ya [[:en:Lozi_kingdom|lefatshe la Barotse]] mo [[:en:Western_Province,_Zambia|porofenseng ya bophirima]] jwa Zambia. Kgosi ya batho ba Lozi e na le ngwe ya dikampa tsa gagwe kwa Lealui; e ngwe e kwa [[:en:Limulunga|Limulunga,]] ele mo lefatsheng le le kwa godimo e bile e dirisiwa jaaka motsemogolo ka nako ya dipula. Go fuduga ga ngwaga le ngwaga gotswa Lealui goya Limulunga ke tiragalo e kgolo thata, e e ketekwang jaaka ngwe ya meletlo e e itsegeng thata mo Zambia, e e bidiwang [[:en:Kuomboka|Kuomboka.]] Morago ga Lealui, noka e retologela kwa borwa-botlhaba. Go tswa kwa botlhaba, e tswelela e amogela dinoka tse dintsi tse dinnye, mme kwa bophirima ga yone ga go na dinoka tse dikgolo tse di e tsenang mo sekgweng seelong sa 240km. Pele ga foo, [[:en:Ngonye_Falls|mepororo ya Ngonye]] le matlapa a a latelang a thibela go tsamaya ga dikorwana mo nokeng. Kwa borwa jwa mepororo ya Nonye, noka e kgona go kgoma nako e khutshwane molelwane wa Namibia, mo kgaolong ya <ref>Dorling Kindersley, pp. 84–85</ref>[[:en:Caprivi_Strip|Caprivi Strip.]] Kwa tlase ga kopano ya [[:en:Cuando_River|noka ya Cuando]] le Zambezi, noka e retologa e lebana le botlhaba. Mo lefelong leo, noka e nna bophara mme e sa tsene boteng thata, e elela ka bonya. Mme fa e ntse e ya kwa botlhaba go ya molelwaneng wa setlhaba se segolo sa bokone jwa Aferika, e fitlha kwa khuting e kgolo e e tsenwang ke metsi a a elelang ka thata, e leng mepororo ya Victoria. '''Zambezi e e fa Gare''' Dipororo tsa Victoria di tsewa e le molelwane gareng ga karolo ya kwa godimo le ya bogareng ya noka ya Zambezi. Ka fa tlase ga tsone, noka e tswelela go elela ka fa botlhaba ka bokgakala jwa seelo se kanna 200km (maele a le 120), e phunyeletsa mabota a a emeng a majwe a [[:en:Basalt|basalt]] a a katogileng seelo se ka nna 20m go ya go 60m (maoto a le 66 go ya go 197), mo dithabeng tse di kwa godimo ga 200m go ya go 250m (maoto a le 660 go ya go 820). Noka e elela ka lobelo lo logolo mo Mogorogong wa Batoka, mme metsi a yona a kgorelediwa ka metlha ke mafika a a mo nokeng. Go tlhalositswe gore ke nngwe ya<ref>Edington, Sean (29 December 2020). [https://safpar.com/is-rafting-on-the-zambezi-river-below-the-victoria-falls-dangerous/ "Is rafting on the Zambezi River below The Victoria Falls Dangerous?"]. ''SAFPAR''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210520102959/https://safpar.com/is-rafting-on-the-zambezi-river-below-the-victoria-falls-dangerous/ Archived] from the original on 20 May 2021. Retrieved 20 May 2021.</ref> maeto a [[:en:Whitewater_kayaking|metsi a a boitshegang]] thata mo lefatsheng, e le kgwetlho e kgolo mo bathong ba ba tsamayang ka dikayake kgotsa ba ba dirisang dingwato tsa go kgweetsa mo metsing a a matlhomola. Ka kwa ntle ga mogorogo ono go na le letoto la dikarolo tsa metsi a a matlhomola tse di felelang 240km (maele a le 150) ka fa tlase ga dipororo tsa Victoria. Mo bokgakaleng jo, noka e fokotsega ka 250m (maoto a le 820). Mo ntlheng eno, noka e tsena mo [[:en:Lake_Kariba|Letsheng la Kariba]], le le bopilweng ka ngwaga wa1959 morago ga go wediwa ga kago ya [[:en:Kariba_Dam|Letamo la Kariba.]] Letsha leno ke lengwe la matsha a magolo a a dirilweng ke batho mo lefatsheng, mme ditlhamo tsa go dira motlakase wa metsi mo letamong le di direla dikarolo tse dintsi tsa Zambia le Zimbabwe motlakase. Dinoka tsa [[:en:Luangwa_River|Luangwa]] le [[:en:Kafue_River|Kafue]] ke tsone ditswammung tse dikgolo tse pedi tse di tsenang mo Zambezi ka fa molemeng. Noka ya Kafue e kopana le noka e kgolo mo molatswaneng o o didimetseng le o o tseneletseng, o o ka nnang 180m (maoto a le 590) ka bophara. Go tswa mo ntlheng eno, go obega ga noka ya Zambezi go ya kwa bokone go a emisiwa, mme metsi a tswelela go elela ka tlhamalalo go ya kwa botlhaba. Kwa kopanong ya noka ya Luangwa (15°37’ S), e tsena mo Mozambique.<ref>Valkenburgh, Blaire Van; White, Paula A. (20 April 2021). [[doi:10.7717/peerj.11313/fig-1|"Figure 1: Map showing location of Luangwa Valley and Greater Kafue Ecosystem in Zambia".]] ''PeerJ''. '''9''': e11313. doi:[[doi:10.7717/peerj.11313/fig-1|10.7717/peerj.11313/fig-1.]]</ref> Karolo ya bogare ya Zambezi e felela kwa noka e tsenang mo Letsheng la [[:en:Cahora_Bassa|Cahora Bassa]], le pele e neng e le lefelo la dikgaruru tse di kotsi tse di bidiwang Kebrabassa; letsha leno le bopilwe ka ngwaga wa 1974 morago ga go agiwa ga [[:en:Cahora_Bassa_Dam|Letamo la Cahora Bassa.]]<ref>[https://archive.gramene.org/db/ontology/search?id=44313 "GAZ Term "Zambezi River" (GAZ:00044898)".] ''archive.gramene.org''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210520101311/https://archive.gramene.org/db/ontology/search?id=44313 Archived] from the original on 20 May 2021. Retrieved 20 May 2021.</ref> '''Zambezi yo kwa Tlase''' Karolo e e kwa tlase ya Noka ya Zambezi, e e ka nna 650km (maele a le 400) go tswa kwa Letsheng la Cahora Bassa go ya kwa lewatleng la Indiana, e ka tsamaiwa ka dikoloi tsa metsi, le fa noka e se boteng mo mafelong a mantsi mo pakeng ya komelelo. Go se boteng jo go bakwa ke gore noka e tsena mo mokgatšheng o o anameng mme e anama go ralala lefelo le legolo. Ke fela mo lefelong le le lengwe, e leng [[:en:Lupata_Gorge|Lupata Gorge]], le le ka nnang 320km (maele a le 200) go tswa kwa molomong wa yona, fa noka e pitlaganngwa magareng ga dithaba tse di kwa godimo. Mo lefelong le, bophara jwa yona ga bo fete 200m (maoto a le 660). Kwa mafelong a mangwe, noka e ka nna bophara jwa 5km go ya go 8km (maele a le 3 go ya go 5), e elela ka bonolo ka melatswana e mentsi. Bodilo jwa noka bo na le mmu, mme mabopo a yona a kwa tlase a bo a tletse dimela tsa leetsana. Le fa go ntse jalo, mo mafelong mangwe, segolobogolo mo pakeng ya dipula, melatswana eno e a kopana go dira noka e le nngwe e kgolo e e elelang ka lobelo. Mo seelong seka nna160km (maele a le 99) go tswa kwa lewatleng, Noka ya Zambezi e amogela metsi a a tswang mo [[:en:Lake_Malawi|Letsheng la Malawi]] ka [[:en:Shire_River|Noka ya Shire.]] Fa e atamela Lewatle la Indiana, noka e a kgaogana go dira [[:en:River_delta|delata]].<ref>Dorling Kindersley, pp. 84–85</ref> Lekala lengwe le lengwe le legolo la noka, e leng Kongone, Luabo le Timbwe, le kgorelediwa ke [[:en:Shoal|mpetle wa]] [[:en:Shoal|mmu]]. Lekala le lengwe le le kwa bokone le le bidiwang molomo wa [[:en:Chinde_River|Chinde]] le na le boteng jo bo kwa tlase jwa 2m (maoto a le 6 le 7) fa go le metsi a a kwa tlase mo tshimologong, le 4m (maoto a le 13) kwa teng. Ke lone lekala le le dirisiwang go tsamaisa dikoloi tsa metsi. Mo bokgakaleng jwa100km (maele a le 62) go ya kwa bokone, go na le noka e nngwe e bidiwang [[:en:Quelimane|Quelimane,]] e e bidiwang ka leina la toropo e e kwa molomong wa yona. Noka ena e e nang le seretse se se oketsegang e amogela metsi a a tshologang a Zambezi mo pakeng ya dipula.<ref>[https://theodora.com/encyclopedia/z/zambezi.html "Zambezi - Encyclopedia".] ''theodora.com''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210520105706/https://theodora.com/encyclopedia/z/zambezi.html Archived] from the original on 20 May 2021. Retrieved 20 May 2021.</ref> '''Delata''' Mo bogompienong, delata ya Noka ya Zambezi e ka nna sephatlo sa bophara jo e neng e na le jone pele ga go agiwa ga matamo a Kariba le Cahora Bassa, a a neng a laola diphetogo tsa paka mo selekanyong sa phororo ya metsi a noka. Pele ga matamo ano a agiwa, merwalela ya paka ya Zambezi e ne e ama tikologo ya delata ka tsela e e farologaneng thata le ya gompieno, ka gonne e ne e isa metsi a mantle a a humileng ka dikotla tsotlhe tsa phepo kwa mafelong a metsi a a bongola a lotshitshi lwa lewatle la IndianaKarolo e e kwa tlase ya Zambezi e ne e nna le koketsego e nnye ya merwalela kwa tshimologong ya paka ya komelelo, fa dipula tsotlhe tsa lefelo la [[:en:Gwembe|Gwembe]] le la bokone-botlhaba jwa Zimbabwe di ne di elela ka bonako go tsena mo nokeng. Ka nako e e tshwanang, metsi a a tswang mo mekgatšheng ya Zambezi e e kwa godimo, Kafue, Letsha la Malawi, le Luangwa (ka selekanyo se se kwa tlase) a ne a diegisiwa ke mekobo ya metsi le mafelo a merwalela. Phororo ya metsi a a tswang mo ditsamaisong tsena e dira gore go nne le morwalela o mogolo thata ka dikgwedi tsa Mopitlo kgotsa Moranang, mme selekanyo sa godimo sa phororo ya metsi se nne ka kgwedi ya Moranang kwa delateng se ka nna dimetara tse di khubiki di le 6,700 (maoto a khubiki a le 240,000) ka motsotswana. Morwalela o mogolo go feta tsotlhe o o kileng wa kwalwa o ne o feta seno ka makgetlo a le mararo, ka phororo ya dimetara tse di khubiki di le 22,500 (maoto a khubiki a le 790,000) ka motsotswana ka 1958. Ka fa letlhakoreng le lengwe, kwa bokhutlong jwa paka ya komelelo, phororo ya metsi e ne e le ka palogare ya dimetara tse di khubiki di le 500 (maoto a khubiki a le 18,000) ka motsotswana fela. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081217180850/http://files.gorongosa.net/filestore/348-patterns_hydrological_change_zambezi_delta.pdf "Richard Beilfuss & David dos Santos: Patterns of Hydrological Change in the Zambezi Delta, Monogram for the Sustainable Management of Cahora Bassa Dam and The Lower Zambezi Valley (2001). Estimated mean flow rate 3424 m³/s"] (PDF). Archived from [http://files.gorongosa.net/filestore/348-patterns_hydrological_change_zambezi_delta.pdf the original] (PDF) on 17 December 2008. Retrieved 18 October 2008.</ref> Mo dingwageng tsa bo-1960 le bo-1970, kago ya matamo e ne ya fetola mokgwa ona gotlhelele. Kwa tlase ga noka, selekanyo sa phororo ya metsi sa kgwedi le kgwedi se ne se tswa mo go dimetara tse di khubiki di le 500 go ya go 6,000 (maoto a khubiki a le 18,000 go ya go 212,000) ka motsotswana; gompieno se tswa mo go dimetara tse di khubiki di le 1,000 go ya go 3,900 (maoto a khubiki a le 35,000 go ya go 138,000) ka motsotswana. Merwalela ya selekanyo sa magareng, segolobogolo mofuta o tikologo ya karolo e e kwa tlase ya Zambezi e neng e tlwaetse go ikamanya le yone, jaanong e diragala sewelo mme e tsaya nako e khutshwane. Fela jaaka ditlamorago tse di sa siamang tsa [[:en:Itezhi-Tezhi_Dam|Letamo la Itezhi-Tezhi]] mo Mafelong a Kafue Flats, sena se bakile ditlamorago tse di latelang: -Mekgwa ya go fepa le go tsalana ga ditlhapi, dinonyane le diphologolo tse dingwe e ne ya kgorelediwa le go fetolwa. -Go setse bojang jo bonnye mo mafelong a merwalela morago ga merwalela, mo go fokotsang [[:en:Grazing|mafelo a go fulisa]] diphologolo tsa naga le dikgomo. -Mekgwa ya setso ya temo le ya go tshwara ditlhapi e ne ya kgorelediwa le go fetolwa.<ref>Knifton, Dulcie (July 2004). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=eiR_RLPB6GAC&q=traditional+farming+and+fishing+patterns+disrupted&pg=PA41 Revise AS Level Geography for Edexcel Specification B]''. Heinemann. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-435-10154-1|<bdi>978-0-435-10154-1</bdi>.]]</ref> Delata ya Zambezi e na le mafelo a magolo a bojang a a nang le merwalela ya paka nngwe le nngwe kgotsa ya tsotlhe tsotlhe, mafelo a savanna, le dikgwa tsa mekgobo ya metsi. Mmogo le mafelo a merwalela a Dinoka tsa [[:en:Buzi_River_(Mozambique)|Buzi,]] [[:en:Pungwe_River|Pungwe]] le [[:en:Save_River_(Africa)|Save,]] mafelo a merwalela a Zambezi a bopa tikologo ya tlholego e e itseweng ke [[:en:World_Wide_Fund_for_Nature|World Wildlife Fund]] (WWF) jaaka [[:en:Zambezian_coastal_flooded_savanna|Zambezian Coastal Flooded Savanna Ecoregion]] kwa Mozambique. Mafelo ano a savanna a a nang le merwalela a fitlhelwa gaufi le lotshitshi lwa Lewatle la India. Ditlhare tsa [[:en:East_African_mangroves|mangrove]] di mela mo mabopong a delata. Le fa matamo a fokoditse dingwe tsa merwalela ya ngwaga le ngwaga mo karolong e e kwa tlase ya Zambezi mme a dirile gore bogolo jwa mafelo a merwalela bo fokotsege thata, ga a a kgona go fedisa merwalela gotlhelele. Matamo ga a kgone go laola merwalela e e feteletseng, mme a fokoditse fela go diragala ga merwalela ya selekanyo sa magareng. Fa dipula tse dikgolo mo karolong e e kwa tlase ya Zambezi di kopana le metsi a mantsi a a elelang go tswa kwa godimo ga noka, merwalela e megolo e santse e diragala. Ka jalo, mafelo a metsi a a bongola a santse a le botlhokwa thata e le mafelo a bonno jwa diphologolo le dimela. Le fa go ntse jalo, go fokotsega ga mafelo ano a metsi a a bongola go ne ga baka gore go nne le go tsoma diphologolo go sa laolwe sentle, tse di jaaka [[:en:African_buffalo|nare]] le [[:en:Waterbuck|tumuga]], nakong ya [[:en:Mozambican_Civil_War|Ntwa ya Selegae ya Mozambique.]] Le fa palo ya diphologolo tse dikgolo tsa mammale mo kgaolong ena e fokotsegile, lefelo leno le santse le na le dingwe tsa tsone, go akaretsa [[:en:Reedbuck|phuduhudu ya]] [[:en:Reedbuck|mohele]] le [[:en:Common_eland|phofu]] e e fudugang go ya mafelong a mangwe ka dipaka. Diphologolo tse di jang nama tse di fitlhelwang mo lefelong leno di akaretsa [[:en:Lion|tau]], [[:en:Leopard|nkwe,]] [[:en:Cheetah|lengau,]] [[:en:Spotted_hyena|phiri ya marontho]] le [[:en:Side-striped_jackal|phokoje e e nang le methalo mo matlhakoreng.]] Mafelo a merwalela ke lefelo le le sireletsegileng la dinonyane tsa metsi tse di fudugang ka dipaka, go akaretsa [[:en:Northern_pintail|pintail,]] [[:en:Garganey|garganey,]] [[:en:African_openbill|African openbill,]] [[:en:Saddle-billed_stork|saddle-billed stork]], [[:en:Wattled_crane|wattled crane]], le [[:en:Great_white_pelican|great white pelican.]]<ref>[https://www.worldwildlife.org/ecoregions/at0906 "Zambezian coastal flooded savanna"]. ''Terrestrial Ecoregions''. World Wildlife Fund.</ref> Dikokobe tse di fitlhelwang mo lefelong leno di akaretsa [[:en:Nile_crocodile|kwena ya Nile,]] [[:en:Nile_monitor|mokwepa wa Nile]], [[:en:Python_sebae|noga ya phiri ya Afrika]], nogapodi ya Pungwe, e e fitlhelwang fela mo kgaolong eno le mefuta e mengwe e meraro ya dinoga e e batlang e fitlhelwa fela mo lefelong leno: nogametsi ya mafelo a merwalela, nogaphiri e nnye le [[:en:Proatheris|nogamaraga ya mekgobo ya metsi.]]<ref>[https://www.worldwildlife.org/ecoregions/at0906 "Zambezian coastal flooded savanna".] ''Terrestrial Ecoregions''. World Wildlife Fund.</ref> Tlelaemete Karolo e e kwa bokone ya mokgatšha wa Noka ya Zambezi e amogela palogare ya pula ya ngwaga le ngwaga e e magareng ga 1,100mm le 1,400mm. Palo eno ya pula e fokotsega fa o ya kwa borwa, mme e fitlha e le mo e ka nnang seripa sa selekanyo seo kwa karolong e e kwa borwa-bophirima. Pula e na mo pakeng ya selemo ya dipula e e tsayang dikgwedi di le 4 go ya go 6, fa [[:en:Intertropical_Convergence_Zone|Intertropical Convergence Zone]] (ITCZ) e feta mo godimo ga mokgatšha ono e tswa kwa bokone magareng ga Phalane le Mopitlo.<ref>Chaudhary, Huma (3 March 2024). [https://web.archive.org/web/20260610060002/https://www.thetravelvibes.com/canoeing-on-the-zambezi-river/ "Canoeing on the Zambezi River".] ''The Travel Vibes''. Retrieved 17 March 2024.</ref> Sekgahla sa go fetoga ga metsi mouwane se kwa godimo thata, se le magareng ga 1,600mm le 2,300mm ka ngwaga. Ka ntlha ya se, metsi a mantsi a latlhega ka tsela eno mo mekgobong ya metsi le mo mafelong a merwalela, segolobogolo mo karolong e e kwa borwa-bophirima ya mokgatšha wa Zambezi.<ref>[http://www.gorongosa.net/research/research_documents/Patterns_Hydrological_Change_Zambezi_Delta.pdf Richard Beilfuss & David dos Santos: Patterns of Hydrological Change in the Zambezi Delta, Mozambique.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20080102105856/http://www.gorongosa.net/research/research_documents/Patterns_Hydrological_Change_Zambezi_Delta.pdf Archived] 2 January 2008 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] Working Paper No 2 Program for the Sustainable Management of Cahora Bassa Dam and The Lower Zambezi Valley (2001)</ref> '''Diphologolo tsa naga''' Noka ya Zambezi e tshegetsa dipalo tse dikgolo tsa diphologolo tsa mefuta e mentsi. [[:en:Hippopotamus|Kubu]] di dintsi mo bontsing jwa dikarolo tsa noka tse di didimetseng, mmogo le dikwena tsa Nile. [[:en:Monitor_lizard|Mekwepa]] le yone e fitlhelwa mo mafelong a mantsi. Dinonyane di dintsi thata, mme mefuta e e jaaka [[:en:Heron|kokoko]], [[:en:Pelican|pelican,]] [[:en:Egret|egret,]] [[:en:Lesser_flamingo|flamingo e nnye]] le [[:en:African_fish_eagle|ntsu ya ditlhapi ya Afrika]] di fitlhelwa ka dipalo tse dikgolo. Dikgwa tse di melang mo mabopong a noka le tsone di tshegetsa diphologolo tse dikgolo tse dintsi, tse di akaretsang [[:en:African_buffalo|nare]], [[:en:Zebra|pitse ya naga]], [[:en:Giraffe|thutlwa,]] le [[:en:African_elephant|ditlou.]] Gape Zambezi e na le makgolo a mefuta ya ditlhapi, mme dingwe tsa tsona di fitlhelwa fela mo nokeng eno. Mefuta ya botlhokwa e akaretsa [[:en:Cichlid|cichlids,]] tse di tshwarwang thata gore di jewe, mmogo le ditlhapi tsa mofuta wa catfish, tigerfish, [[:en:Upper_Zambezi_yellowfish|yellowfish]], le mefuta e mengwe ya ditlhapi tse dikgolo. [[:en:Bull_shark|Bull shark]] ka dinako dingwe e bidiwa shaka ya Zambezi ka ntlha ya kamano ya yone le noka eno. Le fa go ntse jalo, ga e a tshwanela go tlhakatlhakanngwa le mefuta ya [[:en:River_shark|Glyphis]], e leng di-shark tsa metsi a a foreshe tse le tsone di fitlhelwang mo nokeng. '''Dinoka tse di tsenang mo Zambezi''' '''Karolo e e kwa godimo ya Zambezi''' E akaretsa lefelo la dikilometara tse di khubiki di le 507,200, mme e ntsha metsi ka selekanyo sa 1,044 m³ ka motsotswana kwa Dikgarurung tsa Victoria. E bopiwa ke dikarolo tse: 1. Mokgatšha wa Dithaba tsa Bokone 222,570 km², 850 m³/s kwa [[:en:Lukulu|Lukulu:]] -Noka ya Chifumage – e tswa mo Seraleng sa Bogare sa [[:en:Angola|Angola.]] -[[:en:Luena_River,_Angola|Noka ya Luena]] – e tswa mo Seraleng sa Bogare sa Angola. -[[:en:Kabompo_River|Noka ya Kabompo]] – 72,200 km², e tswa mo dithabeng tsa bokone-bophirima jwa Zambia. -[[:en:Lungwebungu_River|Noka ya Lungwebungu]] – 47,400 km², e tswa mo Seraleng sa Bogare sa Angola. 2. Mokgatšha wa Mabala a Bogare 284,630 km², 196 m³/s (magareng ga dipororo tsa Victoria le Lukulu): -[[:en:Luanginga_River|Noka ya Luanginga]] – 34,600 km², e tswa mo Seraleng sa Bogare sa Angola. -Noka ya Luampa (kgotsa [[:en:Luena_River,_Zambia|Luena ya Zambia]]) – 20,500 km², e mo letlhakoreng le le kwa botlhaba jwa Zambezi. -[[:en:Cuando_River|Noka ya Cuando / Linyanti / Chobe]] – 133,200 km², e tswa mo Seraleng sa Borwa sa Angola le mo Kgaolong ya [[:en:Caprivi_Strip|Caprivi.]] '''Karolo ya Bogare ya Zambezi''' Ka kakaretso, Karolo ya Bogare ya Zambezi e akaretsa lefelo la 1,050,000 km², mme e na le phororo ya metsi ya 2,442 m³ ka motsotswana, e e lekantsweng kwa Mogorogong wa Cahora Bassa. Karolo ya bogare fela e akaretsa: 542,800 km², 1,398 m³/s (magareng ga Cahora Bassa le dipororo tsa Victoria) 1. Mokgatšha wa Gwembe, (Magareng ga Mogorogo wa Kariba le dipororotsa Victoria)156,600 km², 232 m³/s -[[:en:Gwayi_River|Noka ya Gwayi –]] 54,610 km², kwa bokone-bophirima jwa Zimbabwe. -[[:en:Sengwa_River|Noka ya Sengwa]] – 25,000 km², kwa bogareng jwa bokone jwa Zimbabwe. -[[:en:Sanyati_River|Noka ya Sanyati]] – 43,500 km², kwa bogareng jwa bokone jwa Zimbabwe. 2. Mokgatšha wa Kariba Gorge go ya Cahora Bassa, 386,200 km²,1,166 m³/s -[[:en:Kafue_River|Noka ya Kafue]] – 154,200 km², phororo ya metsi 285 m³/s, e elela mo karolong ya bophirima-bogare jwa Zambia le mo Kgaolong ya [[:en:Copperbelt|Copperbelt.]] -[[:en:Luangwa_River|Noka ya Luangwa]] – 151,400 km², phororo ya metsi 547 m³/s, e elela mo Mokgatšheng wa Luangwa Rift Valley le mo seraleng se se kwa bokone-bophirima jwa yone. -[[:en:Panhane_River|Noka ya Panhane]] – 23,897 km², e mo seraleng sa bogare jwa bokone jwa Zimbabwe. '''Karolo e e Kwa Tlase ya Zambezi''' '''ka kakaretso,e akaretsa lefelo la 1,378,000 km², mme e na le phororo ya metsi ya 3,424 m³ ka motsotswana, e e lekantsweng kwa Marromeu.''' Karolo e e kwa tlase fela e akaretsa: 328,000 km²,982 m³/s (magareng ga Marromeu le Cahora Bassa) -Noka ya Luia – 28,000 km², e tswa mo Seraleng sa Moravia-Angonia, kwa bokone jwa Zambezi. -Noka ya Luenha (kgotsa [[:en:Mazoe_River|Mazoe]]) – 54,144 km², phororo ya metsi ya 152 m³/s, e tswa mo Seraleng sa Manica kwa bokone-botlhaba jwa Zimbabwe. -[[:en:Shire_River|Noka ya Shire]] – 154,000 km², phororo ya metsi ya 539 m³/s, e tswa mo Mokgatšheng wa [[:en:Lake_Malawi|Letsha la Malawi.]] -Delata ya Zambezi – 12,000 km². '''[[:en:Zambezi_Basin|Mokgatšha Otlhe wa Noka ya Zambezi:]] bogolo jotlhe: 1,390,000 km²,phororo ya metsi e e tsenang mo delateng: 3,424 m³ ka motsotswana''' [[:en:Kalahari_Basin|Mokgatšha wa Okavango]] ga o a akarediwa mo dipalong tseno ka gonne o elela go tsena mo Zambezi fela ka dinako tse di sa tlwaelegang le ka selekanyo se sennye. Ka ntlha ya kabo ya dipula, dinoka tse di kwa bokone di tsenya metsi a mantsi thata mo Zambezi go feta tse di kwa borwa. Ka sekai: Mokgatšha wa Dithaba tsa Bokone wa Upper Zambezi o ntsha 25% ya metsi a Zambezi, Noka ya Kafue e ntsha 8%, dinoka tsa Luangwa le Shire nngwe le nngwe e ntsha 16% tsotlhe tsotlhe, dinoka tseno di tsenya 65% ya metsi a a elelang mo Zambezi. Le fa Mokgatšha wa Cuando kwa borwa-bophirima o le mogolo thata, o tsenya metsi a ka nna 2 m³/s fela, ka gonne bontsi jwa metsi a teng bo latlhega ka ntlha ya go fetoga mouwane mo mekgobong ya metsi. Dingwaga tsa bo-1940 le bo-1950 e ne e le dinako tse dipula di neng di na thata mo mokgatšheng wa Zambezi. Le fa go ntse jalo, go tloga ka 1975, tikologo eno e ntse e omelela go feta pele, mme palogare ya phororo ya metsi e setse e le fela 70% ya e e neng e le teng magareng ga 1930 le 1958.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081217180850/http://files.gorongosa.net/filestore/348-patterns_hydrological_change_zambezi_delta.pdf "Richard Beilfuss & David dos Santos: Patterns of Hydrological Change in the Zambezi Delta, Monogram for the Sustainable Management of Cahora Bassa Dam and The Lower Zambezi Valley (2001). Estimated mean flow rate 3424 m³/s"] (PDF). Archived from [http://files.gorongosa.net/filestore/348-patterns_hydrological_change_zambezi_delta.pdf the original] (PDF) on 17 December 2008. Retrieved 18 October 2008.</ref> '''Hisetori ya Jioloji''' Go fitlha mo nakong ya [[:en:Piacenzian|Late Pliocene]] kgotsa [[:en:Pleistocene|Pleistocene]] (dingwaga tse di fetang dimilione di le pedi tse di fetileng), karolo e e kwa godimo ya Noka ya Zambezi e ne e elela go ya kwa borwa go ralala lefelo le gompieno le bidiwang [[:en:Makgadikgadi_Pan|Makgadikgadi Pan]], mme e felela mo [[:en:Limpopo_River|Nokeng ya Limpopo.]] Phetogo eno ya tsela ya noka e bakilwe ke metsamao ya lefatshe e e bidiwang [[:en:Epeirogenic_movement|epeirogenic movements]], e e neng ya tsholetsa bokagodimo jwa lefatshe mo lefelong le gompieno e leng karoganyo ya metsi magareng ga dinoka tse pedi tseno.<ref>Moore, A.E. (1999). "A reapprisal of epeirogenic flexure axes in southern Africa". [[:en:South_African_Journal_of_Geology|''South African Journal of Geology''.]] '''102''' (4): 363–376.</ref> Ka nako e e tshwanang, dikilometara di ka nna 1,000 kwa botlhaba, lekala la kwa bophirima la Noka ya Shire, mo katolosong ya borwa ya [[:en:East_African_Rift|East African Rift]] e e ralalang [[:en:Malawi|Malawi,]] le ne la epa mokgatšha o o boteng mo letlhakoreng la bophirima jwa lona ka ntlha ya kgogolego ya lefatshe. Ka iketlo, Karolo ya Bogare ya Zambezi e ne ya simolola go epa le go sutisetsa mokgatšha wa yona go ya kwa bophirima. Seno se ne sa thusiwa ke go bopiwa ga [[:en:Graben|dikgatšha tsa go phatloga ga lefatshe]] tse di neng di tlhagelela mo tseleng ya yona go tswa botlhaba go ya bophirima. Fa seno se ntse se diragala, Zambezi e ne ya kgona [[:en:Stream_capture|go gapa]] le go akaretsa dinoka dingwe tse di neng di elela go ya kwa borwa, tse di jaaka Noka ya Luangwa le Noka ya Kafue, mme tsa feleletsa di fetogile dikala tse di tsenang mo Zambezi. Kwa bofelong, letsha le legolo le le neng le tsentswe mo lefelong la Makgadikgadi (kgotsa lengwe la dikala tsa lone) le ne la gapiwa ke Karolo ya Bogare ya Zambezi fa e ntse e ikgoga morago e lebile kwa go lone. Ka ntlha ya seno, metsi a letsha leo a ne a simolola go elela go ya kwa botlhaba. Karolo e e Kwa Godimo ya Zambezi le yone e ne ya gapiwa ka mokgwa o o tshwanang. Karolo ya Bogare ya Zambezi e ne e le kwa tlase ka dimetara di ka nna 300 (maoto a le 980) go feta Karolo e e Kwa Godimo ya Zambezi. Ka jalo, go ne ga bopiwa phororo e kgolo kwa ntlheng ya serala sa majwe a basalt se noka e e kwa godimo e neng e se kgabaganya. Phororo eno e ne e le yone Victoria ya ntlha, e e neng e le gaufi le Batoka Gorge, mo lefelong le gompieno go nang le Letsha la Kariba.<ref>[http://www.zamsoc.org/documents/Summary%20of%20Technical%20Reviews%20Part%202.pdf AWF Four Corners Biodiversity Information Package No 2: Summary of Technical Reviews] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120217063008/http://www.zamsoc.org/documents/Summary%20of%20Technical%20Reviews%20Part%202.pdf Archived] 17 February 2012 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] Accessed 1 March 2007.</ref> '''Hisetori''' '''Tshimologo ya Leina''' Mo-Yuropa wa ntlha go fitlhela Noka ya Zambezi e ne e le [[:en:Vasco_da_Gama|Vasco da Gama]] ka Ferikgong 1498, o ne a emisa sekepe sa gagwe mo lefelong le a neng a le bitsa Rio dos Bons Sinais (“Noka ya Matshwao a a Molemo”), le gompieno le itsewang jaaka [[:en:Quelimane|Quelimane]] kgotsa Quá-Qua. E ne e le noka e nnye kwa ntlheng ya bokone ya delata, e ka nako eo e neng e gokagane le Noka ya Zambezi ka ditselana tsa metsi tse di neng di ka tsamaiwa ka dikepe. Kgokagano eo e ne ya tswalwa ke go kokoana ga seretse mo dingwageng tsa bo-1830. Mo dimmapeng dingwe tsa bogologolo, noka yotlhe e ne e bidiwa ka leina leo. Mo lekgolong la bo-16 la dingwaga, go ne ga tlhaga leina le lesha, e leng Noka ya Cuama (ka dinako dingwe e kwalwa jaaka Quama kgotsa Zuama). Cuama e ne e le leina la selegae le le neng le dirisiwa ke baagi ba [[:en:Swahili_coast|lotshitshi lwa Baswahili]] go bitsa lefelo la kgwebo kgotsa seteišene se se neng se le mo sengwe sa ditlhaketlhake tse di kwa borwa jwa delata (gaufi le mokoro wa Luabo). Bontsi jwa dimmapa tsa bogologolo tsa mawatle bo ne bo bontsha kgoro ya Luabo jaaka Cuama, delata yotlhe jaaka “dinoka tsa Cuama”, mme Noka ya Zambezi ka boyone e bidiwa “Noka ya Cuama.” Ka 1552, mokwadi wa hisetori wa Mopotokisi, [[:en:João_de_Barros|João de Barros]], o ne a kwala gore Noka ya Cuama e e tshwanang e ne e bidiwa Zembere ke batho ba ba neng ba nna kwa teng ga naga ya [[:en:Kingdom_of_Mutapa|Monomatapa.]]<ref>Barros, ''Da Asia'', Dec. I, Lib. X, vol. 2, [https://books.google.com/books?id=BJ42AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA374 p.374])</ref> Moruti wa Mopotokisi wa lekoko la Dominican, [[:en:João_dos_Santos|João dos Santos,]] yo o neng a etetse Monomatapa ka 1597, o ne a rekota leina leo jaaka Zambeze (ka gonne mo dipuong tsa Bantu ditlhaka z le r gantsi di ka fetofetoga). O ne a batlisisa ka tshimologo ya leina leo, mme a bolelelwa gore le ne le tswa mo leineng la setšhaba sengwe sa batho. "Noka ya Cuama e bidiwa ke bone Zambeze; motswedi wa yona o kwa teng thata mo nageng mo e leng gore ga go ope wa bone yo o o itseng, fa e se fela ka tsotlhe tsotlhe tse ba di utlwileng mo bagologolong ba bone, ba ba reng e tswa mo letsheng le legolo mo gare ga kontinente, le le ntshang gape dinoka tse dingwe tse dikgolo tse di elelang lewatleng ka ditsela tse di farologaneng. Ba e bitsa Zambeze ka ntlha ya setšhaba sengwe sa Bakafiri se se nnang gaufi le letsha leo, se le sone se bidiwang ka leina leo.” — J. Santos, Ethiopia Oriental, 1609.<ref>Fr. J. dos Santos (1609), ''Ethiopia Oriental e varia historia de cousas Notaveis do Oriente'', Pt. III. English translation is from [[:en:Samuel_Purchas|Samuel Purchas]]'s 1625 ''Haklyutus Posthumus'', (1905) ed., Glasgow, vol. 10: [https://books.google.com/books?id=ekIMAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA220 p.220-21]</ref> Ka jalo, leina “Zambezi” le bonala le tswa mo leineng la setšhaba sengwe sa batho ba ba neng ba nna gaufi le letsha le legolo kwa bokone. Batho ba go ka tweng ke bone ba go buiwang ka bone ke Bisa (kgotsa M’biza), setšhaba sa Bantu (se mo dikwalong tsa bogologolo se neng se kwalwa ka maina a a farologaneng a a jaaka Muisa, Movisa, Abisa, kgotsa Ambios), ba nnang mo karolong e gompieno e leng bogare-botlhaba jwa Zambia, magareng ga Zambezi River le [[:en:Lake_Bangweulu|Lake Bangweulu]] (e ka nako eo, pele ga katoloso ya batho ba [[:en:Kingdom_of_Lunda|Lunda]] people, go ka direga gore Basa ba ne ba anametse go ya kwa bokone, gongwe le go fitlha kwa [[:en:Lake_Tanganyika|Lake Tanganyika]]).Batho ba Bisa ba ne ba itsege thata mo kgaolong eo yotlhe e le bagwebi ba ba tumileng ba masela le dilwana tse di dirilweng ka letsela, mme ba ne ba nna le seabe se segolo mo kgwebong ya selegae.<ref>The connection between Santos/Monomatapa "Zambezi" and the "M'biza" is suggested in Cooley (1845).</ref> Mo pegong e e kgatlhang, mogwebi wa Mopotokisi yo o tsholetsweng kwa Goa, Manuel Caetano Pereira, yo o neng a etela naga ya batho ba Bisa ka 1796, o ne a gakgamadiwa ke go bontshiwa noka e nngwe e e farologaneng e e neng e bidiwa “Zambezi”.<ref>"Notícias dadas por Manoel Caetano Pereira, comerciante, que se entranhou pelo interior da África", as published in José Acúrsio das Neves (1830) ''Considerações Políticas e Comerciais sobre os Descobrimentos e Possessões na África e na Ásia''. Lisbon: Imprensa Regia. [https://books.google.com/books?id=01Tpl2WqoqgC&pg=PA373 p.373]</ref> “Zambezi” eno e nngwe e e neng ya mo gakgamatsa gongwe ke yone e gompieno e itsewang jaaka [[:en:Chambeshi_River|Chambeshi River]] kwa bokone jwa Zambia. Kgopolo ya Monomatapa e e begilweng ke João dos Santos ya gore Zambezi e tswa mo letsheng le legolo la mo gare ga kontinente e ka tswa e ne e kaya lengwe la [[:en:African_Great_Lakes|Matsha a Magolo a Afrika]] . Lengwe la maina a a neng a dirisiwa ke batlhotlhomisi ba ntlha ba Yuropa go bitsa [[:en:Lake_Malawi|Lake Malawi]] e ne e le “Lake Zambre”, (leina le go ka diregang gore e ne e le phetogo kgotsa tshenyo ya lefoko “Zambezi”). Seno se ka bo se bakilwe ke gore Letsha la Malawi le gokagane le Zambezi e e kwa tlase ka Shire River. Pego ya Monomatapa e ne ya tsamaisana le tumelo ya bogologolo ya Bayuropa, e e neng e tswa mo metlheng ya bogologolo, ya gore dinoka tsotlhe tse dikgolo tsa Afrika—Nile River, [[:en:Senegal_River|Senegal River]], Congo River le Zambezi—di ne tsotlhe di tswa mo letsheng le le lengwe le legolo la mo gare ga kontinente. Mapotokisi le bone ba ne ba bolelelwa gore noka ya Mozambique e e neng e bidiwa Espirito Santo (e tota e neng e le molomo wa metsi o o bopiwang ke dinoka tsa [[:en:Umbeluzi|Umbeluzi River,]] [[:en:Matola_River|Matola River]] le [[:en:Tembe_River|Tembe River]]) e ne e tswa mo letsheng. Ka ntlha ya seno, lefelo la yone la go tsena mo lewatleng le ne la itsewa jaaka [[:en:Maputo_Bay|Delagoa Bay]]. Ka jalo, dimmapa di le dintsi tsa bogologolo di bontsha Zambezi le noka ya Espirito Santo di kopana kwa teng ga kontinente mo letsheng le le lengwe le legolo, le fa gompieno go itsewa gore seno se ne se sa nepahala. Le fa go ntse jalo, kgopolo ya gore leina Zambezi le tswa mo bathong ba Bisa ga e amogelwe ke botlhe. Ka 1845, W. D. Cooley, fa a ne a sekaseka dintlha tsa Manuel Caetano Pereira, o ne a fitlhelela tshwetso ya gore lefoko “Zambezi” ga le tswe mo bathong ba Bisa, mme le tswa mo lefokong la Sebantu “mbege” kgotsa “mbeze”, le le rayang “tlhapi”. Ka jalo, go ka direga gore leina leo le raya fela “noka ya ditlhapi.”<ref>W.D. Cooley (1845) "The Geography of N'yassi, or the Great Lake of Southern Africa, investigated, with an account of the overland route from the Quanza in Angola to the Zambezi in the government of Mozambique", ''Journal of the Royal Geographical Society'', p.185-235.</ref> [[:en:David_Livingstone|David Livingstone]], yo o neng a fitlha kwa Upper Zambezi ka 1853, o ne a bitsa noka eno “Zambesi”, mme gape a umaka gore [[:en:Lozi_people|batho ba Lozi]] ba ne ba dirisa leina “Leeambye.” Go ya ka Livingstone, leina leo le raya “noka e kgolo” kgotsa “noka e e gaisang tsotlhe.” Livingstone o ne a kwala gape maina a mangwe a a neng a dirisiwa mo nokeng eno, a a jaaka: Luambeji, Luambesi, Ambezi, Ojimbesi, Zambesi. Maina ano a ne a dirisiwa ke ditšhaba tse di farologaneng mo mafelong a a farologaneng a noka. O ne a dumela gore otlhe a na le bokao jo bo tshwanang, mme a bontsha tsela e batho ba selegae ba neng ba leba noka eno ka yone e le noka e kgolo e e kgobokanyang metsi a naga yotlhe.<ref>David Livingstone (1857) ''Missionary Travels and Researches in South Africa'' ([[iarchive:missionarytrave00unkngoog/page/n250|p.208]])</ref> Dipego dingwe tsa hisetori di bontsha gore batho ba Tonga people ba ne ba bitsa noka eno Kasambabezi, leina le le rayang: “Ke fela ba ba itseng noka ba ba ka tlhapang mo go yone.” Leina leno le santse le dirisiwa le gompieno mo mafelong mangwe.<ref>Mawere, Munyaradzi; Awuah-Nyamekye, Samuel (20 June 2015). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=rVEqCgAAQBAJ&dq=Kasambabezi&pg=PA243 Harnessing Cultural Capital for Sustainability: A Pan Africanist Perspective]''. Langaa RPCIG. ISBN 978-9956-762-50-7</ref><ref>[https://davinajogi.com/kasambabezi/ "Kasambabezi"]. 25 November 2017.</ref> Mo direkotong tsa Bapotokisi, leina la “Noka ya Cuama” le ne la felela le sa tlhole le dirisiwa mme la emisetswa ka leina la “Noka ya Sena” (Rio de Sena). Leina leno le ne le tswa mo lefelong la kgwebo la Baswahili (mme moragonyana la Bapotokisi) le le neng le le kwa godimo ga noka kwa [[:en:Vila_de_Sena|Sena]]. Ka 1752, delata ya Zambezi, e e neng e bidiwa ka nako eo “Dinoka tsa Sena” (Rios de Sena), e ne ya fetoga kgaolo ya puso ya bokolone ya [[:en:Portuguese_Mozambique|Mozambique wa Bapotokisi]] mme e fa go ntse jalo, ka ntlha ya tiriso e e neng e oketsega ya leina “Zambezi” mo bathong, kgabagare go ne ga ntshiwa taelo ya segosi ka 1858 e e neng ya fetola semmuso leina la kgaolo eo go nna [[:en:Zambezia_Province|Zambézia]]. '''Patlisiso le Tlhomamiso''' Kgaolo ya Zambezi e ne e itsege mo bathong ba bogologolo ba ba ithutang ka lefatshe e le [[:en:Kingdom_of_Mutapa|Mmuso wa Monomotapa.]] Tsela e Noka ya Zambezi e elelang ka yone, mmogo le mafelo a Matsha a [[:en:Lake_Ngami|Ngami]] le [[:en:Lake_Malawi|Nyasa]], di ne di bontshiwa ka nepo e kgolo mo dimmepeng tsa pele tse go dumelwang di ne tsa dirwa go ikaegilwe ka tshedimosetso e e neng e tswa mo Bagwebing ba Maarabia.<ref>One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the [[:en:Public_domain|public domain:]] Cana, Frank (1911). [[wikisource:1911_Encyclopædia_Britannica/Zambezi|"Zambezi".]] In [[:en:Hugh_Chisholm|Chisholm, Hugh]] (ed.). [[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition|''Encyclopædia Britannica''.]] Vol. 28 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 951–953.</ref> Mo-Yuropa wa ntlha go etela karolo e e kwa teng ga naga ya Noka ya Zambezi e ne e le [[:en:Álvaro_Fernandes|António Fernandes,]] Mopotokisi yo o neng a rometswe kwa [[:en:Degredado|botshwarong.]] O ne a tsaya loeto ka 1511 mme gape a boeletsa ka 1513 ka maikaelelo a go phutha tshedimosetso ka maemo a kgwebo le ditiro tsa ikonomi mo teng ga Afrika Bogare. Pego ya bofelo ya maeto ano e ne ya bontsha botlhokwa jo bogolo jwa dikou tsa Zambezi yo o kwa godimo mo tsamaisong ya kgwebo ya selegae, segolobogolo mo kgwebong ya gouta ya Afrika Botlhaba.<ref>Newitt, Malyn (2005). ''A History of Portuguese Overseas Expansion, 1400-1668''. Routledge. p. 81. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-203-32404-8|<bdi>0-203-32404-8</bdi>.]]</ref> Patlisiso ya ntlha e e rekotilweng ya Zambezi yo kwa godimo e dirilwe ke David Livingstone mo maetong a gagwe a go tlhotlhomisa a a neng a simolola kwa [[:en:Bechuanaland_Protectorate|Bechuanaland]] magareng ga 1851 le 1853. Dingwaga di le pedi kgotsa di le tharo morago ga moo, Livingstone o ne a latela Noka ya Zambezi go fitlha kwa molomong wa yone kwa lewatleng. Mo loetong loo, o ne a bona dipororo tsa Victoria. Magareng ga 1858 le 1860, a na le [[:en:John_Kirk_(explorer)|John Kirk]], Livingstone o ne a tsamaya a tlhatloga noka ka kgoro ya Kongone go fitlha kwa dipororong tsa Victoria. Gape o ne a sala morago tsela ya lekala la yone la noka ya Shire mme a fitlha kwa letsheng la Malawi.<ref>One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the [[:en:Public_domain|public domain]]: Cana, Frank (1911). [[wikisource:1911_Encyclopædia_Britannica/Zambezi|"Zambezi".]] In [[:en:Hugh_Chisholm|Chisholm, Hugh]] (ed.). [[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition|''Encyclopædia Britannica''.]] Vol. 28 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 951–953.</ref> Mo dingwageng tse di latelang tse di ka nnang 35, ga go a ka ga nna le ditlhotlhomiso tse dintsi tsa noka eno. Mmatlisisi wa Mopotokisi [[:en:Alexandre_de_Serpa_Pinto|Serpa Pinto]] o ne a sekaseka dingwe tsa dinoka tse di tsenang mo Zambezi kwa bophirima mme a tsaya dilekanyo tsa dipororo tsa Victoria ka 1878.<ref>One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the [[:en:Public_domain|public domain]]: Cana, Frank (1911). [[wikisource:1911_Encyclopædia_Britannica/Zambezi|"Zambezi".]] In [[:en:Hugh_Chisholm|Chisholm, Hugh]] (ed.). [[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition|''Encyclopædia Britannica''.]] Vol. 28 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 951–953.</ref> Ka 1884, morongwa wa Baebele wa lekoko la [[:en:Plymouth_Brethren|Plymouth Brethren]] yo o tsholetsweng kwa Scotland, [[:en:Frederick_Stanley_Arnot|Frederick Stanley Arnot]], o ne a tsamaya mo karoganong ya metsi magareng ga mokgatšha wa Zambezi le wa noka ya Congo, mme a lemoga lefelo la motswedi wa Zambezi.<ref>Howard, Dr. J. Keir (2005). [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927002516/http://www.dacb.org/stories/demrepcongo/arnot_stanley.html "Arnot, Frederick Stanley".] ''Dictionary of African Christian Biography''. Archived from [http://www.dacb.org/stories/demrepcongo/arnot_stanley.html the original] on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 14 December 2011.</ref> O ne a dumela gore [[:en:Kalene_Hill|Kalene Hill]], e e neng e le thaba e e gaufi e bile e tsididi, e ne e le lefelo le le siametseng thata go tlhoma tiro ya borongwa.<ref>Pritchett, James Anthony (2007). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=q0Avs0RFRtMC&pg=PA29 Friends for life, friends for death: cohorts and consciousness among the Lunda-Ndembu]''. University of Virginia Press. pp. 29–31. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-8139-2624-7|<bdi>978-0-8139-2624-7</bdi>.]]</ref> Arnot o ne a felegetswe ke mogwebi le modiredi wa sesole wa Mopotokisi, [[:en:António_da_Silva_Porto|António da Silva Porto]].<ref>Fish, Bruce; Fish, Becky Durost (2001). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=0lMZovHqD4kC&pg=PA30 Angola, 1880 to the present: slavery, exploitation, and revolt]''. Infobase Publishing. p. 30. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-7910-6197-3|<bdi>0-7910-6197-3</bdi>.]]</ref> Ka 1889, mokoro wa Chinde, o o kwa bokone jwa melomo e megolo ya noka, o ne wa bonwa. Maeto a mabedi a patlisiso a a neng a eteletswe pele ke A. St Hill Gibbons magareng ga 1895–1896 le 1898–1900 a ne a tsweledisa tiro ya tlhotlhomiso e e neng e simolotswe ke David Livingstone mo Upper Zambezi le mo Karolong ya Bogare ya noka.<ref>One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the [[:en:Public_domain|public domain:]] Cana, Frank (1911). [[wikisource:1911_Encyclopædia_Britannica/Zambezi|"Zambezi".]] In [[:en:Hugh_Chisholm|Chisholm, Hugh]] (ed.). [[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition|''Encyclopædia Britannica''.]] Vol. 28 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 951–953.</ref> '''Ikonomi''' Palo ya batho ba ba nnang mo Mokgatšheng wa Noka ya Zambezi e lekanyediwa go nna batho ba ka nna dimilione di le 32.<ref>[https://www.ebsco.com/ "Zambezi River ecosystem | Science | Research Starters | EBSCO Research".] ''EBSCO''. Retrieved 13 March 2026.</ref> Mo e ka nnang 80% ya baagi ba mokgatšha ono ba ikaegile ka temo gore ba tshele, mme mafelo a merwalela a Zambezi yo kwa godimo a na le lefatshe le le nonneng le le siametseng temo.<ref>Horta, Loro (20 May 2008). [https://www.csis.org/analysis/zambezi-valley-chinas-first-agricultural-colony "The Zambezi Valley: China's First Agricultural Colony?"]. Retrieved 11 May 2024.</ref> Baagi ba ba nnang gaufi le noka ba tshwara ditlhapi ka bontsi, mme batho ba le bantsi ba tswa kwa mafelong a a kgakala go tla go tshwara ditlhapi mo Zambezi. Mo ditoropong dingwe tsa Zambia tse di mo ditseleng tse di yang kwa nokeng, go na le ditefelo tse e seng tsa semolao tse di bidiwang “lekgetho la ditlhapi”, tse di duedisiwang batho ba ba isang ditlhapi tsa Zambezi kwa dikarolong tse dingwe tsa naga. Go tshwara ditlhapi jaaka motshameko le go tshwara ditlhapi gore di jewe ke tiro ya botlhokwa mo dikarolong dingwe tsa noka. Magareng ga [[:en:Mongu|Mongu]] le [[:en:Livingstone,_Zambia|Livingstone]] go na le mafelo a boeti a [[:en:Safari|safari]] a a amogelang baeng ba ba batlang go tshwara mefuta ya ditlhapi tse di sa tlwaelegang, mme gape ba tshwara dingwe go di rekisetsa mafelo a go boloka ditlhapi mo [[:en:Public_aquarium|ditankeng tsa pontsho.]]<ref>[https://www.internationalrivers.org/news/blog-the-zambezi-river-drained-bone-dry/ "The Zambezi River, Drained Bone Dry".] ''International Rivers''. 30 November 2017. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210520091130/https://www.internationalrivers.org/news/blog-the-zambezi-river-drained-bone-dry/ Archived] from the original on 20 May 2021. Retrieved 20 May 2021.</ref><ref>Mikva, Keren (30 June 2016). [https://moguldom.com/128710/12-things-didnt-know-economy-zambezi-river/ "12 Things You Didn't Know About the Economy of the Zambezi River - Page 4 of 14".] ''Moguldom''. Retrieved 11 May 2024.</ref> Mokgatšha wa Noka ya Zambezi o humile ka diminerale le metswedi ya maatla a tlholego, mme meepo ya mashala ke tiro ya botlhokwa mo mafelong a mangwe. Matamo a a agilweng mo nokeng eno le one a naya batho ba le bantsi ditiro, segolobogolo mo tlhokomelong ya diteišene tsa motlakase wa metsi le mo tlhokomelong ya matamo ka boone. Dikarolo di le mmalwa tsa noka le tsone ke mafelo a a rategang thata mo boeting. Dipororo tsa Victoria di amogela baeng ba ba fetang 100,000 ka ngwaga, mme ka 2015 go ne ga begwa baeng ba le 141,929.<ref>[http://www.mota.gov.zm/index.php/downloads/data-and-statistics/34-2015-tourism-statistical-digest/file 2015 Tourism Statistical Digest] [https://web.archive.org/web/20180325175218/http://www.mota.gov.zm/index.php/downloads/data-and-statistics/34-2015-tourism-statistical-digest/file Archived] 25 March 2018 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] www.mota.gov.zm, Republic of Zambia Ministry of Tourism and Arts</ref> [[:en:Mana_Pools_National_Park|Mana Pools]] National Park le letsha la Kariba le tsone di goga dipalo tse dikgolo tsa baeng.<ref>[https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/science/hydroelectric-power-advantages-production-and-usage?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects "Hydroelectric Power: Advantages of Production and Usage".] ''www.usgs.gov''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210520091447/https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/science/hydroelectric-power-advantages-production-and-usage?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects Archived] from the original on 20 May 2021. Retrieved 20 May 2021.</ref><ref>[https://www.inventtour.com/Countries/15/Zimbabwe "Zimbabwe".] ''InventTour''. Retrieved 11 May 2024.</ref> '''Dipalangwa''' Noka ya Zambezi e na le mafelo a le mantsi a diphororo le melatswana e e maatla, ka jalo ga e ise e ko e nne tsela ya botlhokwa ya dipalangwa tsa sekgala se seleele.<ref>[https://zimfieldguide.com/matabeleland-north/zambezi-river "The Zambezi River | Zimbabwe Field Guide".] ''zimfieldguide.com''. Retrieved 11 May 2024.</ref> Loeto lwa David Livingstone mo Zambezi lo ne lwa leka go dira gore noka e dirisiwe ke [[:en:Paddle_steamer|dikepe tsa mouoane]], mme maiteko ao a ne a palelwa ka ntlha ya phailo ya metsi a Cahora Bassa.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/biography/David-Livingstone/The-Zambezi-expedition "David Livingstone - Zambezi Expedition, Missionary, Explorer | Britannica"]. ''www.britannica.com''. Retrieved 11 May 2024.</ref> Mo dingwageng tsa bo-1930 le bo-1940, go ne go na le tirelo ya diketsoana le dibarji tse di tsamaisiwang ka diphaphatha mo karolong e e magareng ga Katombora Rapids, e e ka nnang dikilometara di le 50 kwa godimo ga Livingstone, le rapids tse di kwa godimo ga Katima Mulilo. Go ikaegile ka selekanyo sa metsi, dikepe di ne di ka kgweisiwa go feta mo rapids tseo. Bapalami ba Lozi, ba le lesome kgotsa go feta mo sekepeng se le sengwe, ba ne ba kgona go fenya bontsi jwa mafelo ao. Mo mafelong a a neng a le thata go feta, dikepe di ne di gogwa go ralala lotshitshi kgotsa di tsholediwa go feta rapids. Gape ditlhopha tsa dikgomo tsa go goga di ne di goga dibarji go ralala lefatshe ka sekgala sa dikilometara di le 5 go dikologa dipororo tsa Ngonye.<ref>E. C. Mills: [http://www.nrzam.org.uk/NRJ/V1N2/V1N2.htm "Overlanding Cattle from Barotse to Angola"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20180803091300/http://www.nrzam.org.uk/NRJ/V1N2/V1N2.htm Archived] 3 August 2018 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine,]] ''[[:en:Northern_Rhodesia_Journal|The Northern Rhodesia Journal]]'', Vol 1 No 2, pp 53–63 (1950). Accessed 16 December 2017.</ref> Dikgabaganyo tsa Noka tse pele di neng di le mmalwa thata le tse di kgakala gompieno di ntse di oketsega. Tseno di latelana go tswa kwa motsweding wa noka jaaka fa go latela: -Borogo jwa tsela jwa [[:en:Cazombo|Cazombo]], kwa Angola — bo ne jwa senngwa ka dibomo mo ntweng ya selegae mme ga bo ise bo agiwe gape.<ref>Visible on Google Earth at latitude -11.906 longitude 22.831.</ref> -[[:en:Chinyingi|Borogo jwa go tsamaya ka dinao jwa Chinyingi,]] gaufi le toropo ya [[:en:Zambezi,_Zambia|Zambezi,]] borogo jwa boleele jwa dimetara di le 300 (maoto a le 980), bo agilwe e le porojeke ya setšhaba. -Borogo jwa Lubosi Imwiko II, jo bo golaganyang metse ya [[:en:Mongu|Mongu]] le [[:en:Kalabo|Kalabo]], ke borogo jwa boleele jwa dimetara di le 1,005 jo bo dirilweng ka concrete le steel, mmogo le tsela e e tsholeditsweng ya dikilometara di le 38.5 mo Mafelong a Merwalela a Barotse. Bo agilwe magareng ga 2011 le 2016,<ref>Visible on Google Earth at longitude 22.924 latitude -15.214.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180302163608/http://www.zedcorner.com/mongu-kalabo-road-zambias-engineering-marvel/ "Mongu-Kalabo Road - Zambia's Engineering Marvel".] ''zedcorner.com''. 13 April 2016. Archived from [http://www.zedcorner.com/mongu-kalabo-road-zambias-engineering-marvel/ the original] on 2 March 2018. Retrieved 13 March 2018.</ref> e le katolosetso ya [[:en:Lusaka–Mongu_Road|tsela ya Lusaka–Mongu]], go golaganya Lusaka le Angola. -Borogo jwa Sioma, gaufi le [[:en:Ngonye_Falls|dipororo tsa Ngonye]] e leng borogo jwa tsela jwa dimetara di le 260, jo bo bulogileng ka 2016 e le karolo ya [[:en:M10_Road_(Zambia)|M10 Road]] ([[:en:Sesheke|Sesheke]]–[[:en:Senanga|Senanga]]).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180216204802/https://www.daily-mail.co.zm/president-launches-k108m-sioma-bridge/ "President launches K108m Sioma Bridge – Zambia Daily Mail".] ''daily-mail.co.zm''. Archived from [https://www.daily-mail.co.zm/president-launches-k108m-sioma-bridge/ the original] on 16 February 2018. Retrieved 13 March 2018.</ref> -[[:en:Katima_Mulilo_Bridge|Borogo jwa Katima Mulilo]], boleele jwa dimetara di le 900, magareng ga [[:en:Namibia|Namibia]] le [[:en:Sesheke|Sesheke]], bo bulogilwe ka 2004, mme bo weditse tsela ya [[:en:Trans–Caprivi_Highway|Trans–Caprivi Highway]] e e golaganyang [[:en:Lusaka|Lusaka]] le boemakepe jwa [[:en:Walvis_Bay|Walvis Bay]] kwa lewatleng la Atlantic. -[[:en:Kazungula_Bridge|Borogo jwa Kazungula]], bo bulogilweng ka 2021, bo golaganya Zambia le Botswana. -[[:en:Victoria_Falls_Bridge|Borogo jwa dipororo tsa Victoria]] tsela le terena), e bile borogo jwa ntlha go agiwa, bo weditse ka Moranang 1905 mme bo ne bo le karolo ya lenaneo la [[:en:Cecil_Rhodes|Cecil Rhodes]] la go aga [[:en:Cape_to_Cairo_Railway|tsela ya terena go tswa Cape Town go ya Cairo.]] Boleele jwa jone ke dimetara di le 250. -Letamo la Kariba Dam le rwala tsela e e katilweng ya [[:en:Kariba,_Zimbabwe|Kariba]]/[[:en:Siavonga|Siavonga]] go kgabaganya noka. -[[:en:Chirundu_Bridge|Borogo jwa Otto Beit kwa Chirundu]] (tsela), boleele jwa dimetara di le 382, bo weditse ka 1939. -[[:en:Chirundu_Bridge#Second_Chirundu_Bridge_(2002)|Borogo jwa bobedi jwa Chirundu]] (tsela), boleele jwa dimetara di le 400, bo weditse ka 2002. -[[:en:Tete,_Mozambique|Borogo jwa go kgabaganya Tete]], borogo jwa tsela jwa boleele jwa 1 km. -[[:en:Dona_Ana_Bridge|Borogo jwa Dona Ana]], borogo jwa terena kwa Mozambique. -[[:en:Caia,_Mozambique|Borogo jwa Caia]], bo bulogileng ka 2009. Go na gape le diferi tse dinnye di le dintsi tse di kgabaganyang noka mo Angola, Zambia bophirima le Mozambique, segolobogolo magareng ga [[:en:Mongu|Mongu]] le [[:en:Kalabo|Kalabo]]. Kwa godimo ga Mongu, morago ga dipaka tse dipula di sa atlegang, noka e ka kgabagangwa ka maoto mo mafelong mangwe a mabedi. Mo mafelong a boeti jaaka dipororo tsa Victoria le letsha la [[:en:Kariba_Dam|Kariba,]] go na le dikepe tse dikhutshwane tsa boeti tse di tsamaisang baeng mo nokeng. '''Ikoloji''' '''Kgotlhang ya tikologo''' Metsi a [[:en:Effluent|leswe]] ke sengwe sa mabaka a magolo a [[:en:Water_treatment|kgotlhang ya metsi]] mo dikarolong tsa ditoropo, ka gonne ditoropo tsotlhe tse dikgolo tsa kgaolo eno di se na kgotsa di na le dithulaganyo tse di sa lekaneng tsa go [[:en:Water_treatment|phepafatsa metsi]]. Ka jalo, metsi a leswe a tsena ka tlhamalalo mo Nokeng ya Zambezi. Seno se bakile [[:en:Eutrophication|nonofalo e e feteletseng]] ya metsi a noka, mme gape se thusitse go anamisa malwetse a a tswang mo go sa tlhokomeleng phepa, a a jaaka [[:en:Cholera|kholera]],[[:en:Typhus|taipase]] le [[:en:Dysentery|disenteri.]]<ref>Herbig, Friedo J. W. (1 January 2019). Meissner, Richard (ed.). [[doi:10.1080/23311886.2019.1701359|"Talking dirty - effluent and sewage irreverence in South Africa: A conservation crime perspective"]]. ''Cogent Social Sciences''. '''5''' (1) 1701359. doi:[[doi:10.1080/23311886.2019.1701359|10.1080/23311886.2019.1701359]]</ref> '''Ditlamorago tsa Matamo''' Go agiwa ga matamo a mabedi a magolo a a laolang go elela ga noka go bakile diphetogo tse dikgolo mo diphologolong le mo bathong ba ba nnang mo karolong e e kwa tlase ya Zambezi. Fa Letamo la Cahora Bassa Dam le ne le weditse ka 1973, ba ba le laolang ba ne ba le tlatseletsa ka nako e le nngwe ya pula e le nngwe fela, go sa ikanyege ka kgakololo ya gore le tshwanetse go tlatselediwa mo dingwageng di le pedi kgotsa go feta. Go fokotsega ka tshoganyetso ga metsi a noka go bakile go fokotsega ga mangrove cover ka diperesente di le 40%, go oketsega ga kgogolego ya lefatshe mo mabopong a lewatle, le go fokotsega ga 60% ya go tshwarwa ga [[:en:Prawn|kgafa]] gaufi le molomo wa noka, ka ntlha ya go fokotsega ga [[:en:Silt|seretse]] le dikotla. Tsamaiso ya tikologo ya mafelo a merwalela kwa tlase ga matamo e ne ya fokotsega thata. Diphologolo mo delateng di ne tsa tswelela go tshosediwa gape ke go tsoma go sa laolweng sentle nakong ya ntwa ya selegae ya Mozambique.<ref>[https://www.touristlink.com/africa/zambezi-river/overview.html "Zambezi River Tourist Information".] ''www.touristlink.com''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220128075009/https://www.touristlink.com/africa/zambezi-river/overview.html Archived] from the original on 28 January 2022. Retrieved 22 May 2021.</ref><ref>Isaacman, Allen; Sneddon, Chris (2000). "Toward a Social and Environmental History of the Building of Cahora Bassa Dam". ''Journal of Southern African Studies''. '''26''' (4): 597–632. doi:[[doi:10.1080/713683608|10.1080/713683608.]] ISSN [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0305-7070 0305-7070]. JSTOR [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2637563 2637563]. S2CID [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:153574634 153574634.]</ref> '''Mehato ya go sireletsa tikologo''' Porojeke e e tshitshingwang ya [[:en:Kavango–Zambezi_Transfrontier_Conservation_Area|Kavango–Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area]] e ne e ikaeletse go akaretsa dikarolo tsa Zambia, Angola, Namibia, Zimbabwe le Botswana, go akaretsa gape le Okavango Delta le Victoria Falls. Ka 2008, ditšhelete tsa go tshegetsa tirisano ya go sireletsa tikologo mo magareng ga dinaga di le dintsi di ne tsa okediwa mo kgaolong ya Zambezi. Porojeke eno e amogetse thuso ya dimilione di le 8 tsa di-euro go tswa mo mokgatlhong o o seng wa puso wa Jeremane. Karolo ya madi ano e tshwanetse go dirisiwa mo dipatlisisong mo mafelong a a akarediwang ke porojeke. Le fa go ntse jalo, Angola e tlhagisitse kgakololo ya gore ditshipi tse di phatlogileng tse di setseng mo ntweng ya selegae di ka kgoreletsa tiragatso ya porojeke.<ref>[https://www.scidev.net/global/news/sub-saharan-africa-news-in-brief-13-25-march/ "Sub-Saharan Africa news in brief: 13–25 March".] [https://web.archive.org/web/20130521215431/http://www.scidev.net/en/sub-suharan-africa/news/sub-saharan-africa-news-in-brief-13-25-march.html Archived] from the original on 21 May 2013. Retrieved 17 August 2021.</ref> Gompieno noka ya Zambezi e feta mo mafelong a diphaka tsa tlholego a a sireleditsweng jaaka Ngonye Falls National Park, [[:en:Mosi-oa-Tunya_National_Park|Mosi-oa-Tunya National Park]], [[:en:Lower_Zambezi_National_Park|Lower Zambezi National Park]], [[:en:Zambezi_National_Park|Zambezi National Park,]] [[:en:Victoria_Falls_National_Park|Victoria Falls National Park]], [[:en:Matusadona_National_Park|Matusadona National Park]], [[:en:Mana_Pools_National_Park|Mana Pools National Park]] le [[:en:Middle_Zambezi_Biosphere_Reserve|Middle Zambezi Biosphere Reserve]] (kwa Zimbabwe).<ref>[https://www.lensman.se/portfolios/zambezi-river-2017/ "Zambezi River 2017 | Lensman - Lennart Hessel Photography".] ''Lensman''. Retrieved 11 May 2024.</ref> '''Taolo ya mehlodi ya ditlhapi''' Go fitlha ka 2017, seemo sa go tshwara ditlhapi go feta selekanyo mo Upper Zambezi le mo dinokeng tse di tsenang mo go yone se ne se le maswe thata. Seno se bakilwe gape ke go tlhokega ga tiragatso e e maatla ya melao le melawana ya botsuolodi jwa go tshwara ditlhapi. Mehlodi ya ditlhapi ya Lake Liambezi kwa botlhaba jwa Caprivi Strip e ne ya fokotsega thata, mme dipatlisiso di bontshitse go fokotsega ga ditlhapi mo tsamaisong yotlhe ya dinoka tsa Zambezi–Kwando–Chobe. [[:en:Illegal,_unreported_and_unregulated_fishing|Go tshwara ditlhapi ka tsela e e seng ka fa molaong]] (gantsi go dirwa ke baditšhaba ba ba thapilweng ke [[:en:Namibian|Ba-Namibia]]) le batho ba ba ikaeletseng kgwebo ka bonweenwee, go ne ga dirisa mehlodi eno ka tsela e e neng ya senya mebaraka ya selegae le matshelo a batho ba ba ikaegileng ka yone ka setso le ikonomi.<ref>Kooper, Lugeretzia (23 June 2017). [http://www.namibian.com.na/166137/archive-read/Zambezi-fishermen-warned-against-overfishing "Zambezi fishermen warned against overfishing"]. ''namibian.com.na''. The Namibian. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170905010246/https://www.namibian.com.na/166137/archive-read/Zambezi-fishermen-warned-against-overfishing Archived] from the original on 5 September 2017. Retrieved 24 July 2017.</ref> Ka ntlha ya seno, ba boammaaruri ba Namibia ba ne ba thibela go dirisiwa ga matloa a [[:en:Monofilament_fishing_line|monofilament]] nets, mme ba tlhoma paka ya dikgwedi di le tharo mo ngwageng nngwe le nngwe ya go emisa go tshwara ditlhapi, gore ditlhapi di kgone go tsala. Gape ba ne ba tlhoma balebeledi ba ditlhapi mo metseng , mme Kayasa Channel mo kgaolong ya [[:en:Impalila|Impalila]] Conservancy e ne ya itsisiwe jaaka lefelo la tshireletso ya ditlhapi. Lekala la puso la Namibia gape le rotloetsa tshodiso ya ditlhapi mme le rulaganya go abela balemi ba bannye ba ba kwadisitsweng dimilione tsa ditlhapi tse dinnye gore ba simolole kgotsa ba oketse temothuo ya ditlhapi.<ref>Kooper, Lugeretzia (23 June 2017). [http://www.namibian.com.na/166137/archive-read/Zambezi-fishermen-warned-against-overfishing "Zambezi fishermen warned against overfishing".] ''namibian.com.na''. The Namibian. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170905010246/https://www.namibian.com.na/166137/archive-read/Zambezi-fishermen-warned-against-overfishing Archived] from the original on 5 September 2017. Retrieved 24 July 2017.</ref> '''Tiragalo ya EUS''' Ka Lwetse 2007, go ne ga nna le tiragalo ya [[:en:Epizootic|epizootic]] ulcerative syndrome (EUS) e e neng ya bolaya ditlhapi di le makgolo mo nokeng. Ditlhapi tseno di ne di na le diso mo mmeleng. Tona ya Temothuo ya Zambia ka nako eo, Ben Kapita, o ne a kopa baitseanape go dira dipatlisiso ka tiragalo eno, go batlisisa sesosa sa yone le go bona gore a bolwetse jono bo ka fetela mo bathong kgotsa nnyaa.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090122212855/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_kmafp/is_200709/ai_n19522812 "Zambia warns against fish killed by mysterious disease"]. Agence France-Presse. Archived from [http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_kmafp/is_200709/ai_n19522812 the original] on 22 January 2009.</ref> '''Ditoropo tse dikgolo''' Mo bontsing jwa boleele jwa noka, batho ga ba bantsi, mme go na le ditoropo le metse ya botlhokwa mo tseleng ya yone, tse di akaretsang: -[[:en:Katima_Mulilo|Katima Mulilo]] (Namibia) -[[:en:Livingstone,_Zambia|Livingstone]], [[:en:Mongu|Mongu,]] [[:en:Lukulu|Lukulu,]] [[:en:Senanga|Senanga]] le [[:en:Sesheke|Sesheke]] (Zambia) -[[:en:Victoria_Falls,_Zimbabwe|Victoria Falls]] le [[:en:Kariba_Dam|Kariba]] (Zimbabwe) -[[:en:Songo,_Mozambique|Songo]] le [[:en:Tete,_Mozambique|Tete]] (Mozambique) -[[:en:Cazombo|Cazombo]] (Angola) '''Bona gape''' -[[:en:2007_Mozambican_flood|Morwalela wa Mozambique wa 2007]] -[[:en:Nyami_Nyami|Nyami Nyami]] '''Tshedimosetso''' {{Reflist|30em}} [[Karolo:Coordinates on Wikidata]] 0fd7ekbcgj506k0g6lasnmvy94lcgzf 0 14298 53993 52327 2026-08-09T16:43:34Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53993 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Woolworths''' ( semmuso '''Woolworths Holdings Limited''', mme ka puo ya tlwaelo e itsege jaaka '''Woolies''' ) ke kompone ya thekiso ya Aforikaborwa e e dirang mo dinageng di le dintsi , e e naleng ntlokgolo ya yone kwa [[Cape Town]] . E tlhomilwe ka ngwaga wa sekete , makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mararo le bongwe (1931), kompone e ke ya [[:en:Department_store|mabentlele a magolo a dikarolo tse di farologaneng]] a manobonobo a Aforikaborwa le [[:en:Grocery_store|ketane ya dilwana tsa mo gae ya]] Woolworths, morekisi wa Australia wa [[:en:Country_Road_Group|Country Road]], le ketane ya [[:en:Pet_store|mabentlele a magolo go gaisa otlhe a diruiwa tsa]] mo gae mo Aforikaborwa, e e leng [[:en:Absolute_Pets|Absolute Pets]].<ref>Moneyweb (30 September 2025). [https://www.moneyweb.co.za/news/companies-and-deals/in-battle-for-pets-shoprite-is-catching-woolies-fast/ "In battle for pets, Shoprite is catching Woolies fast". Moneyweb.] Retrieved 5 October 2025.</ref> Go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhana (2025), setlhopha seno se thapa batho ba ka nna dikete di le masome a mararo le bobedi. <ref name="Annual Financial Statements, 2024">{{Cite web |last= |date=September 2024 |title=Annual Financial Statements, 2024 |url=https://www.woolworthsholdings.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/whlfy24.pdf |access-date=19 June 2025 |publisher=Woolworths Holdings}}</ref> Karolo ya Aforika Borwa ya Woolworths e akaretsa kgwebo ya [[:en:Luxury_goods|dithoto tsa manobonobo]], go akaretsa le mokgwa wa diaparo, dithoto tsa mo gae, le didirisiwa tsa bontle. Mabenkele a a ikemetseng a dijo le "mafelo a go emela go reka dijo" tse di gokeletsweng mo mafelong a thekiso ya lookwane tsa [[:en:Engen_Petroleum|Engen]] di mo mafelong a toropokgolo go ralala Aforika Borwa. Karolo e kgolo ya setlhopha, Woolworths Financial Services (WFS), e fa bareki dikarata tsa mabentlele, dikarata tsa sekoloto, dikadimo tse di dikologang le tshoreletso ya diruiwa tsa mo gae. Mo ngwageng wa yona wa matlole wa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024), WFS e ne e na le karolo ya bone ya lotseno lwa Woolworths. <ref name="Integrated Annual Report, 2024">{{Cite web |last= |date= |title=Integrated Annual Report, 2024 |url=https://www.woolworthsholdings.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Integrated_Annual_Report_2024.pdf |access-date=19 June 2025 |publisher=Woolworths Holdings}}</ref> Go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025), Woolworths e na le palogotlhe ya mafelo a le sekete le makgolo a matlhano le masome a le borobabone le bongwe . Kompone e tsamaisa mabentlele a dijo a le makgolo a mararo le masome a marataro le borataro le mabentlele a magolo a le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano mo Aforika Borwa, mmogo le palogotlhe ya mabentlele a le masome a borobabongwe le bosupa mo mabentleleng a yone a [[:en:Engen_Petroleum|Engen]] le mabentlele a le masome a brobabongwe le boraro go ralala Aforika yotlhe. <ref name="Annual Financial Statements, 2025">{{Cite web |last= |date=September 2025 |title=Annual Financial Statements, 2025 |url=https://www.woolworthsholdings.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/whlfy25.pdf |access-date=3 February 2026 |publisher=Woolworths Holdings}}</ref> Kompone gape e tsamaisa mabentlele a [[:en:Absolute_Pets|Absolute Pets]] a le lekgolo le masome a borobabobedi le mabentlele a Country Road a makgolo a thataro le masome a mararo (nasome a borobabobedi le borobabobedi a mo Aforika Borwa, mme a setseng a le ko Australasia). Ka kakaretso, go tloga ka ngwaga wa yone wa madi wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025), Woolworths e na le lefelo la kgwebisano le le akaretsang selekanyo sa boleele jwa dimetara tsa khutlonne di le dikete di le makgolo a le borobabobedi le masome a mararo le bobedi (dimetara tsa khutlonne di le dikete dile sekete di le borobarobedi le makgolo a borobabongwe le masome a marataro). <ref name="Annual Financial Statements, 2025"/> Karolo ya masome a le borobabobedi le borobabongwe mo lekgolong ya mabentlele a Woolworths a mo Aforika, mme karolo ya lesome le bongwe le bongwe mo lekgolong e e setseng e kwa Australia. <ref name="Integrated Annual Report, 2024"/> Woolworths gape e na le WCafe, e leng ketane ya mabentlele a kofi a ka nna makgolo a mabedi le masome a mabedi a di farologaneng ka bogolo  – go tswa mo mafelong a bojelo a a nang le tirelo e e tletseng, a go nniwang fa fatshe, go ya kwa dibareng tsa kofi tse di nang le lefelo la go duela tsa tsone tse di kopantsweng mo mabentleleng a Woolworths, go ya kwa mafelong a mannye [[:en:Barista|a modiri wa kofi]] kwa ntle ga mabentlele a a rileng a dijo. Mabentlele a a kofi gape a thusa go tsamaisa ditaelo tsa dijo tsa borotho. WCafe ke letshwao le le itsegeng thata mo teng ga lefelo la kgwebo la matlo a kofi a Aforika Borwa mme le gareng ga tse di nang le palo e e kwa godimo ya mabentlele. <ref name="WCafe">{{Cite web |last= |date= |title=WCafe |url=https://www.woolworths.co.za/cat/_/N-pjgm5f |access-date=28 May 2025 |publisher=Woolworths}}</ref> <ref name="New WCafe Opens At Palmyra Junction, Cape Town">{{Cite web |last=Leigh Champanis-King |date=20 August 2024 |title=New WCafe Opens At Palmyra Junction, Cape Town |url=https://www.eatout.co.za/article/new-wcafe-opens-palmyra-junction-cape-town/ |access-date=28 May 2025 |publisher=Eat Out |archive-date=28 May 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250528133819/https://www.eatout.co.za/article/new-wcafe-opens-palmyra-junction-cape-town/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ditaragalo tsa bogologolo == [[File:Woolworths_first_store_in_The_Royal_Hotel,_Plein_Street.jpg|thumb|Lebentlele la ntlha la Woolworths, mo lefelong la bojelo le le maphatsiphatsi la lefelo la boroko jwa baeng ya The Royal, kwa motseng wa Cape Town]] E tlhomilwe ke [[:en:Max_Sonnenberg|Max Sonnenberg]], Woolworths e ne ya bula dikgoro tsa yone la ntlha ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi ale lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 1931 mo Mmileng wa Plein, [[Cape Town|motse wa Cape Town]], mo lefelong la bojelo la lefelo la boroko jwa baeng ya Royal e e sa tswang go tswalwa. Katlego ya yone ya ntlha e ne ya dira gore go bulwe mabentlele a mangwe a mabedi mo kgaolong ya Cape. <ref name="News24History">{{Cite news|title=6 great South African businesses older than the rand|url=https://www.news24.com/brandstory/partner-content/6-great-south-african-businesses-older-than-the-rand-20210217|date=17 February 2021|access-date=10 January 2026}}</ref> Go ise go ye kae go ne ga bonala sentle gore kgwebo e ntšha eno e na le bokgoni jwa go atologa mo nageng yotlhe, le fa kwa tshimologong go tlhoka madi go ne go kgoreletsa tsholofelo eno. Tsala ya ga Sonnenberg, Elie Susman, o ne a tlamela ka matlole a a tlhokegang go atolosa go tsena mo [[:en:Transvaal_(province)|kgaolo ya Transvaal]] mme morago ga moo a nna molekane wa gagwe wa kgwebo. <ref name="BusinessTechSusman">{{Cite web |title=From a 1930s dining hall to one of the biggest household names in South Africa |url=https://businesstech.co.za/news/business/791272/from-a-1930s-dining-hall-to-one-of-the-biggest-household-names-in-south-africa/ |access-date=10 January 2026 |website=BusinessTech}}</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Florist_and_Fresh_Produce_Sections_of_the_Woolworths_Food_Emporium_in_Durbanville,_Cape_Town.jpg|thumb|Dikarolo tsa barekisi ba dithunya le dijo tsa dijalo tse di itekanetseng tsa Lefelo la Dijo la Woolworths la Durbanville]] Tlhopho ya leina e simolotse mo botsalanong jwa ga Sonnenberg le moromedi wa Lontone le mothusi wa matlole, Percy (P.R.) Lewis. Lewis e ne e le mokaedi wa Mabentlele a Diketane a kwa Australasia (ACS), e leng ntlo ya dikepe le ya madi kwa Lontone e e neng ya tlhongwa go direla kgwebo ya Australia e e neng e gola ka bonako e e neng ya tlhongwa ke W.T. Christmas. <ref name="SAResearcherNaming">{{Cite web |title=The Woolworths South Africa story |url=https://southafricanresearcher.com/the-woolworths-south-africa-story/ |access-date=10 January 2026 |website=South African Researcher}}</ref> Batho ba ba romelang dithoto kwa Lontone ba ne ba tlhola ba thusa ka madi le go tlhopha dithoto tse di sa bonweng, tse morago ga moo di neng di romelwa kwa bareking ba bone. Ka kompone ya Amerika (e jaanong e sa tlholeng e le teng) ya F.W. Woolworth Company e ne e sena kgatlhego ya go gweba kwa Australia, "Rre" Christmas – jaaka a ne a itsege – o ne a amogela leina la kgwebo ya gagwe e ntšhwa. Lewis o ne a akantsha Sonnenberg gore ACS e ka tlaleletsa pampiri ya ya ga "Rre" Christmas le go romela selekanyo se se fokoditsweng sa sengwe le sengwe se se latelanang go tswa kwa Australia go ya kwa Aforika Borwa.<ref>[https://southafricanresearcher.com/the-woolworths-south-africa-story/ "The Woolworths South Africa story]". ''South African Researcher''. Retrieved 10 January 2026.</ref> Go ya ka se, Sonnenberg o ne a amogela leina la kgwebo ya gagwe. Dingwaga di le pedi moragonyana, kgotlatshekelo ya Aforika Borwa e ne ya atlhola gore go ne go tlhomilwe bopelonomi jo bo lekaneng go kgaola taelo e e neng e tlisitswe ke morekisi wa lefatshe la America kgatlhanong le tiriso ya leina leo.<ref>Susman, David (2004). ''An African Shopkeeper''. Cape Town: Fernwood Press. p.&#x20;27. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-874950-78-3|978-1-874950-78-3]]</bdi>.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Pasta Section of the Woolworths Food Emporium in Durbanville, Cape Town.jpg|thumb|Karolo ya dijo ya Italy le ya Mexico ya Lefelo la Dijo la Woolworths la Durbanville]] Ka ngwaga wa 1998, Woolworths e ne ya nna le karolo ya taolo mo morekising wa diaparo wa Australia wa [[:en:Country_Road_(retailer)|Country Road]] . Le fa go ntse jalo, kompone e ne ya palelwa ke go tsaya Country Road e [[:en:Private_limited_company|se ya setšhaba]] ka ntlha ya go gana ga ga [[:en:Solomon_Lew|Solomon Lew]] go rekisa seabe sa gagwe sa dikarolo di le lesome le motso le masome a marataro le bosupa mo go lekgolong mo kgwebong. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Evans |first=Simon |date=1999-11-26 |title=$80m debt load sinks Sportsgirl |url=https://www.afr.com/companies/80m-debt-load-sinks-sportsgirl-19991126-k92ri |access-date=2024-02-17 |website=[[Australian Financial Review]] |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Treadgold |first=Tim |date=1999-07-09 |title=Out of South Africa |url=https://www.afr.com/companies/out-of-south-africa-19990709-kb4yn |access-date=2024-02-17 |website=Australian Financial Review |language=en}}</ref> Woolworths e ne ya nna mong ka botlalo wa Country Road ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ngwaga wa 2014 fa e ne e reka seabe sa ga Lew ka didolara di le didikadike tse makgolo a mabedi tsa Amerika.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Verrender|date=2014-06-24|title=Woolworths' offer to buy Lew out of Country Road raises questions|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-06-24/woolworths-offer-to-buy-lew-out-of-country-road-raises-questions/5547308|accessdate=2024-02-17}}</ref> <ref>Greenblat, Eli (25 July 2014). [https://www.smh.com.au/business/companies/solomon-lew-accepts-country-road-offer-ending-17-year-battle-20140725-zwyys.html "Solomon Lew accepts Country Road offer, ending 17 year battle".] [[:en:Sydney_Morning_Herald|''Sydney Morning Herald''.]] Retrieved 17 February 2024.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, lebentlele la Woolworths e ne ya reka kgwebo ya mabentlele a magolo ya Australia e bong [[:en:David_Jones_(department_store)|David Jones]] ka diranta di le didikadike tse pedi ntlha nngwe tsa Astralia. David Jones o ne a rekisediwa setlamo sa sephiri sa [[:en:Anchorage_Capital_Partners|Anchorage Capital Partners]] ka Sedimonthole ngwaga wa 2023.<ref>Koehn, Emma (19 December 2022). [https://www.smh.com.au/business/companies/storied-history-david-jones-gets-new-owners-just-in-time-for-christmas-20221219-p5c7df.html "'Storied history': David Jones gets new owners just in time for Christmas"]. [[:en:Sydney_Morning_Herald|''Sydney Morning Herald''.]] Retrieved 17 February 2024.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Woolworths Food Emporium in Durbanville, Cape Town.jpg|thumb|Lebentlele la Dijo la Woolworths kwa [[Durbanville]], [[Kapa Bophirima|Western Cape]]]] Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ngwaga wa 2025 , Woolworths e ne ya simolola tirisanommogo ya yone ya Woolies After Dark le [[:en:Uber_Eats|Uber Eats]]. Go bonala kwa maemelong a dijo a tlhopilweng a Woolworths mo mafelong a leokwane a [[:en:Engen_Petroleum|Engen]], tirelo e e ile ya dira gore go isiwe dithoto ko malapeng go fitlhela bosigogare, go feta dioura dipe tse di tlwaelesegileng tsa lebentlele la morekisi ope.<ref>[https://www.bizcommunity.com/article/woolies-after-dark-is-now-available-through-uber-eats-258567a "Woolies After Dark is now available through Uber Eats"]. Bizcommunity.com. 11 March 2025. Retrieved 29 October 2025.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Entrance to Woolworths Food Store and Cafe in Claremont, Cape Town.jpg|thumb|Botseno jwa Mmaraka wa Dijo wa Woolworths le WCafe e e ikemetseng ka nosi mo lefelong la mabentlele la Palmyra Junction, kwa [[Claremont, Cape Town|Claremont]], [[Cape Town|Motsekapa]]]] Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi 2025, Woolies e ne ya bula sebopego se sešwa sa lebentlele – Lebenkele la Dijo la Woolworths – le le nang le lefelo la ntlha kwa [[:en:Durbanville|Durbanville]], kwa [[:en:Western_Cape|Western Cape]]. Lebentlele le e ne ya nna lone le le sa tswang go dirwa [[:en:Flagship|le legolo le le emelang komponi]] . Lebentlele le ga le le legolo fela go feta lebentlele le le tlwaelesegileng la dijo tsa Woolworths mme gape le agilwe ka mokgwa o o neelang bareki maitemogelo a a kgetegileng fa ba reka. Thulaganyo e sa tswang go dirwa e akaretsa mafelo a a kgethegileng a a akaretsang lefelo la [[:en:Florist|morekisi wa dithunya]], lefelo la tirelo le le nang le go apaya ka tlhamalalo fa pele ga bareki, morekisi wa ditlhapi, karolo ya dimonamone, mafelo a dijo a Italy le Mexico, le karolo ya mofine ya WCellar.<ref>capeetc (7 July 2025). [https://www.capetownetc.com/things-to-do-cape-town/woolworths-opens-first-of-its-kind-food-emporium-in-cape-town/ "Woolworths opens first-of-its-kind Food Emporium in Cape Town"]. Cape Town ETC. Retrieved 11 September 2025.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ngwaga wa 2026, Woolworths e ne ya itsise gore e ne e leka go itlhatlhoba kwa lebentleleng la yone kwa [[:en:Foreshore,_Cape_Town|Foreshore]], kwa [[:en:Cape_Town|Capetown]]. Morekisi o ne a ikaeletse go bona gore a lefelo la go duela ka bonako e le nngwe fela e ka thusa go fokotsa mela ya nako ya dijo tsa motshegare. Mmueledi wa Woolworths o buile gore teko ya teng ga ena go go ntsha maemo a [[:en:Cashier|baduedisi]] le gore babereki bape ba ab amegang ba tla fiwa katiso e nngwe gape abo ba abelwa maemo a mangwe gape mo lebentleleng.<ref>Angelica Rhoda (21 February 2026). [https://www.capetownetc.com/things-to-do-cape-town/shopping/woolworths-pilots-self-service-checkout-cape-town/ "Woolworths pilots self-service checkout in Cape Town".] Cape Town ETC. Retrieved 22 February 2026.</ref> Kgato e e ne ya latela teko ya dikolotsana tse di botlhale tsa go reka ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ngwaga wa 2025 ke morekisi yo o gaisanang wa [[:en:Checkers_(supermarket_chain)|Checkers]].<ref>Terri-Ann Brouwers (21 August 2025). [https://www.moneyweb.co.za/news/companies-and-deals/checkers-trials-sas-first-smart-trolley-with-built-in-checkout/ "Checkers trials SA's first smart trolley with built-in checkout".] Moneyweb. Retrieved 22 February 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ngwaga wa 2026, go ne ga itsisiwe fa Roy Bagattini a tla rola tiro jaaka mokhuduthamaga wa Woolworths kwa mafelong a Lwetse 2026, morago ga dingwaga di feta thataro mo maemong ao. O tla latelelwa ke mokhuduthamaga wa jaanong wa lephata la Dijo la Woolworths, Sam Ngumeni. <ref>Nick Wilson (12 March 2026). [https://www.news24.com/business/companies/woolworths-has-a-new-ceo-as-bagattini-retires-20260312-0505 "Woolworths has a new CEO as Bagattini retires"]. news24. Retrieved 16 March 2026.</ref>Gape ka Mopitlo, Woolworths e ne ya gapa In2Food, e e leng moabi wa nako e telele wa dijo tsa yone tsa maemo a a kwa godimo.<ref>Dludla, Nqobile (17 March 2026). [https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/south-africas-woolworths-acquires-longtime-supplier-in2food-2026-03-17/ "South Africa's Woolworths buys longtime supplier in2food"]. ''Reuters''. Retrieved 19 March 2026.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo ngwaga wa 2026, go begilwe gore Woolworths e dirisana mmogo le setlhopha sa [[:en:Takealot_Group|Takealot]] mo ditirelong tsa bobolokelo le kabo, tsa Woolworths Online. Setlhopha se gape se ne se dirisa setlamo sa Takealot sa go isa dilwana Rre D, go isa dilwana go tswa kwa [[:en:Absolute_Pets|Absolute Pets]] e e leng ya Woolworths.<ref>Luke Fraser (30 June 2026). [https://businesstech.co.za/news/business/864995/takealot-delivering-woolworths-products-in-south-africa/ "Takealot Group delivering Woolworths products in South Africa"]. BusinessTech. Retrieved 3 July 2026.</ref> == Ditiro == [[Setshwantsho:Woolworths Food Store Entrance in 3Arts Village, Plumstead, Cape Town.jpg|thumb|Botseno jwa Mmaraka wa Dijo wa Woolworths le WCafe e e ikemetseng ka nosi mo lefelong la mabentlele la Palmyra Junction, kwa [[Claremont, Cape Town|Claremont]], [[Cape Town]]]] Woolies e na le mefuta ya mabentlele a farologaneng, go akaretsa: <ref name=":0">[https://www.woolworthsholdings.co.za/overview/whl/ "The WHL Group".] Woolworths. Retrieved 11 September 2025.</ref> * Woolworths ([[:en:Department_store|mabentlele a magolo]] a a nang le dijo, diaparo le didirisiwa tsa mo gae) * Lefelo la Dijo la Woolworths (mabenkele a magolo a [[:en:Grocery|dijo tsa ko lapeng]]) * Dijo tsa Woolworths (mabenkele a magareng a korosari) * Mmaraka wa Dijo wa Woolworths (mabenkele a mannye a korosari) * WCafé ([[:en:Coffeehouse|matlo a kofi]]) * [[:en:Absolute_Pets|Diruiwa tsa mo gae tse di feletseng]] ([[:en:Pet_store|mabenkele a diruiwa tsa mo gae)]] Kompone eo gape e tsamaisa Ditirelo tsa madi tsa Woolworths, mmogo le [[:en:Country_Road_Group|Setlhopha sa Ditsela tsa Naga .]]<ref name=":0" /> [[Setshwantsho:Woolworths Food, Main St. JHB.jpg|thumb|Dijo tsa Woolworths, Mmila o Mogolo wa JHB]] == Letshwaokgebo == Kompone e e rekisa dilwana le mekgabisa le ka fa tlase ga matshwaokgwebo a mmalwa, e akaretsang Studio W, RE:, le Kgatiso, e ntse gape e emetse matshwaokgwebo a sehlopha sa Australia, go akaretsa le Country Road, [[:en:Witchery_(company)|Witchery]], le Trenery.<ref name=":0" /> == Tsa koporase le ngwao == [[Setshwantsho:Woolworths Distribution Center in Milnerton, Cape Town.jpg|thumb|Lefelo la phatlalatso la Woolworths kwa Milnerton, Cape Town]] === Mosepele o molemo wa kgwebo === Go tlhomiwa ka ngwaga wa 2007, kgwebo ya Good Business Journey e ne ipeela seelo se se hapegileng sa go itsetsepela ga setšhaba sa kompone.<ref>[https://www.bizcommunity.com/Article/196/356/145471.html "Woolworths sets Good Business Journey goals for 2020"]. ''www.bizcommunity.com''. Retrieved 31 July 2020.</ref> Gape e ikaelela go netefatsa mokgwa o o tlhomameng wa go bua ka dintlha tsa go itsetsepela go ralala thulaganyo ya yone ya tlamelo ya lefatshe lotlhe, jaaka nngwe ya keletso e e boletsweng ya Woolworths ya go nna morekisi yo o itsetsepetseng go gaisa botlhe mo karolong ya borwa jwa lefatshe.<ref>[https://www.marketscreener.com/WOOLWORTHS-HOLDINGS-LIMIT-1413424/pdf/666225/Woolworths%20Holdings%20Limite_Annual-Report.pdf "Woolworths Holdings Limited Annual Report"] (PDF). ''marketscreener.com''. Retrieved 31 January 2020.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2016, kompone e ne ya tlhagisa mekgele ya yone ya GBJ 2020, e e neng e akaretsa go kopanya thulaganyo e mo dikgwebong tsa setlhopha tsa Australia – tse jaanong di dirang selekanyo karolo ya lekgolo e feta masome a mane tsa thekiso.<ref name=":1">[https://www.bizcommunity.com/Article/196/356/145471.html "Woolworths sets Good Business Journey goals for 2020"]. Bizcommunity.com.</ref><ref>[https://www.fin24.com/Company/Woolworths-Holdings-Ltd "Company Snapshot"]. Fin24.</ref> Maitlamo a setlhopha sa WHL a GBJ 2020 a akaretsa go tsenya letsogo go feta didikadike tsa di [[:en:South_African_rand|ranta]] di le tharo le botlhano mo baaging go ralala setlhopha mo dingwageng di le tlhano tse di latelang; go boloka dilitara tse dikete di le makgolo a le matlhano tsa metsi mo pakeng e e tshwanang; go fokotsa tlhotlheletso ya maatla a kompone ka sephatlo ka 2020 le go fitlhelela lekgolo mo lekgolong tsa maatla a a phepa ka ngwaga wa 2030; go tsweledisa go batla dithoto tsotlhe tsa botlhokwa ka maikarabelo ka 2020; le go netefatsa gore [[:en:Private_label|setlhagisiwa sengwe le sengwe sa letswhao la kompone]] se se rekisiwang se akaretsa bogolo nonofo e nngwe ya go itsetsepela ka ngwaga wa 2020. <ref name=":1" /> === Maikaelelo a tlhabololo e e tswelelang === ==== Matlakala a a sa puthelwang a yang kwa lefelong la matlakala ==== Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo ngwaga wa 2018, Woolworths e itsisitse maikaelelo a yone a go atlega mo go sa nneng le [[:en:Packaging_waste|matlakala a diphuthelwana]] a a tla latlhelwang mo lefelong la matlakala ka ngwaga wa 2022, ka maikaelelo a go netefatsa gore ga go na sepe sa diphuthelwana tsa yone se se felelang se le ko lefelong la matlakala. Maikaelelo a a tlhoka tiriso ya didirisiwa tse di ka dirisiwang gape ka botlalo go phuthela, e e tshegediwang ke mafaratlhatlha a a atlegang a go dirisa gape dilo.<ref>[https://businesstech.co.za/news/business/249571/woolworths-is-ditching-its-wasteful-plastic-packaging-heres-what-is-changing/ "Woolworths is ditching its wasteful plastic packaging – here's what is changing".] BusinessTech.co.za.</ref> <ref>[https://www.capetownetc.com/news/woolworths-commits-to-no-plastic-by-2022/ "Woolworths commits to being 100% recyclable by 2022 | CapeTown ETC".] ''www.capetownetc.com''. Retrieved 11 December 2019.</ref>Woolworths gape e itlamile go fedisa dikgetsi tsa sekhakha tse di dirisiwang gangwe fela gotlhelele ka 2020.<ref>Writer. [https://businesstech.co.za/news/business/249571/woolworths-is-ditching-its-wasteful-plastic-packaging-heres-what-is-changing/ "Woolworths is ditching its wasteful plastic packaging – here's what is changing"]. Retrieved 31 July 2020.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ngwaga wa 2018, lebentlele la Palmyra Junction kwa Claremont le ne la simolola metšhini e e rekisang dilo tse di dirisiwang gape mo lebentleleng.<ref>[http://www.fastmoving.co.za/news/retailer-news-16/woolworths-pilots-sa-s-first-in-store-recycling-vending-machine-12146 "Woolworths pilots SA's first in-store recycling vending machine".] ''Fastmoving.co.za''. Retrieved 11 December 2019.</ref> ==== Dikgetsi tse di ka dirisiwang gape ==== Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2018, Woolworths e ne ya simolola teko ya dikgetsi tse di ka dirisiwang gape mo lebentleleng jaaka karolo ya maiteko a yone a go fedisa dikgetsi tsa sekhakha .<ref>[https://www.businessinsider.co.za/woolworths-introduces-reusable-plastic-bags-at-its-stores-bans-singel-use-plastic-bags-at-steenberg-store-2018-10 "These Woolworths stores are switching to reusable plastic bags – and plastic bags have been entirely banned at one outlet"]. Business Insider.</ref> Go simolola ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele a tlhola matlatsi ale matlhano ka ngwaga wa 2018, dikgetsi tse tse diša tsa go reka tse di ka dirisiwang gape tsa maemo a go tsena di ne tsa dirwa gore di nne teng mo mabentleleng a le mane go ralala Western Cape – [[:en:Victoria_&_Alfred_Waterfront|V&A Waterfront]], [[:en:Claremont,_Cape_Town|Palmyra Junction,]] [[:en:Pinelands,_Cape_Town|Pinelands]], le [[:en:Steenberg,_Cape_Town|Steenberg]] – mme fa e sa le ka nako eo di ile tsa anamisiwa kwa mabentleleng a mangwe.<ref>[["Next phase in plastic bag free trial announced". The Green Times. 28 May 2019. Retrieved 11 December 2019.|"Next phase in plastic bag free trial announced".]] ''The Green Times''. 28 May 2019. Retrieved 11 December 2019.</ref> Ka nako ya tekeletso, Woolworths Steenberg e ne ya dira gotlhelele go sena dikgetsi tsa sekhakha, e fa bareki tlhopho ya go reka kgetsi e e ka dirisiwang gape kgotsa go dirisa ya bone. Dikgetsi tsa sekhakha tse di dirisiwang gangwe fela di ne tsa nna di le teng mo mabentleleng a mangwe a mararo. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ngwaga wa 2019, mabentlele a mangwe – go akaretsa le a a kwa [[:en:Johannesburg|Maroun Square]], [[:en:Pretoria|Motse wa Moreleta]], le [[:en:Durban,_South_Africa|lefelo la Delcairn]] – a ne a tlhomiwa go nna a a senang dikgetsi tsa sekhakha.<ref>[https://www.bizcommunity.com/Article/196/457/190076.html "Woolworths to open more 'plastic bag free' stores".] ''www.bizcommunity.com''. Retrieved 11 December 2019.</ref> ==== Tirisanommogo le Pharell Williams ==== Ka ngwaga wa 2015, Woolworths e ne ya tsena mo tirisanommogong le seopedi sa lefatshe la Amerika [[:en:Pharrell_Williams|Pharrell Williams]],<ref>Arts Desk (10 April 2015). [https://mg.co.za/article/2015-04-10-pharrell-williams-collaborating-with-woolworths "Pharrell Williams collaborating with Woolworths"]. ''mg.co.za''. Mail & Guardian. Retrieved 9 April 2020.</ref><ref>[https://citizen.co.za/lifestyle/your-life-entertainment-your-life/entertainment-celebrities/359514/pharrell-williams-partners-with-woolworths/ "Pharrell Williams partners with Woolworths"]. ''citizen.co.za''. 9 April 2015. Retrieved 11 December 2019.</ref> e leng tirisanommogo ya ntlha ya togamaano ya mofuta o mo morekising wa Aforika Borwa. Williams o ne a tsaya tiro ya go nna mokaedi wa mokgwa mo motseletseleng wa mananeo a rulagantsweng go itsetsepela. Letsholo le le ne le na le dikarolo di le nne tsa botlhokwa: boitlosobodutu, go bontsha bothakga jwa basha, go kokoanya madi a thuto, le go rotloetsa [[:en:Sustainable_fashion|mokgwa wa go apara e e tswelelang pele.]] === Lenaneo la Beng jwa Diabe tsa Badiri la Thotloetse ya Itsholelo ya Batho Bantsho === Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2015, Woolworths e ne ya itsise go butswa ga lenaneo la Beng jwa Diabe tsa Badiri la [[:en:Black_Economic_Empowerment|Thotloetse ya Itsholelo ya Batho Bantsho]] (BEEESOS).<ref>[https://www.fin24.com/Companies/Retail/Woolworths-R24bn-BEE-scheme-matures-20150716 "R2.4bn BEE pot matures for Woolworths staff"]. Fin24.</ref> E itsisitswe semmuso ka ngwaga wa 2007 jaaka karolo ya leeto le le molemo la kgwebo la kompone, lenaneo le le bopa karolo ya boineelo jwa Woolworths mo phetogong ya loago le itsholelo. Morekisi e ne e le wa ntlha go tlhagisa letsholo la nonofatso le mo go lone diabe tsa BEEESOS di neng tsa abelwa badiri ba ba neng ba sa tlhole ba na le ditshono mo nakong e e fetileng go ikaegilwe ka boleele jwa tirelo le bogolo. Ka nako eo,lenaneo le ne le dira mo e ka nnang karolo ya lesome mo lekgolong ya letlotlo le le tlwaelegileng la diabe la Woolworths. Tiro e e nonofileng ya Woolworths mo dingwageng tse borobabobedi tse di fetileng e dirile gore batsayakarolo ba lenaneo ba bone didikadike di le pedi le makgolo a mane a diranta, ba le bona ba amogetseng dipoelo tsa diabe tse di fitlhang ko didikadieng tsa di ranta dile makgolo a mararo le masome a mararo le bobedi mo nakong ya botshelo jwa lenaneo. == Dikganetsano == === Tshwaro ya batlamedi ba ditirelo le go sa dumalane === Ka ngwaga wa Motsheganong wa ngwaga wa 2026, go ne ga begwa gore Beyers Chocolates, e leng moabi yo mogolo wa dilwana tsa dimonamone kwa Woolworths le modiri wa letshwaokgwebo la yone le le itsegeng thata la Chuckles, e ne e tswalwa morago ga go dira dingwaga di feta 30. Se, go ya ka Beyers, e ne e le ka ntlha ya tshwetso ya bošeng ya Woolworths ya go phimola ditaelo tsa yone gotlhelele. Mothei le mokhuduthamaga wa Beyers, Kees Beyers, o ne a bolela gore Woolworths e ne ya gatelela kompone go dira lekwalo la tumalano ya go nna le kgwebo e e kgethegileng e e neng ya thibela kgwebo go atologa mme ya dira gore e ikaege thata ka ditaelo tsa Woolworths. O boletse fa a sa baya monwana lekwalo la tumalano ya bošeng ya go tlamela ka dithoto ka ntlha ya lebaka le, mme a tswelela go tlamela Woolworths ka dithoto go sa kgathalesege .<ref name=":2">[https://dailyinvestor.com/retail/133413/woolworths-versus-beyers-the-battle-that-pushed-an-iconic-south-african-chocolate-producer-into-liquidation/ "Woolworths versus Beyers – The battle that pushed an iconic South African chocolate producer into liquidation]". Daily Investor. 11 May 2026. Retrieved 1 June 2026.</ref> Beyers o ne a bolela gore, go oketsa go itsetsepela ga tiro,kompone ya gagwe e ne e ya tsaya tshwetso ya go aga lefelo la go dira dithoto le le šhwa, le le farologaneng gotlhelele, e mo go yone go go tla dirwang dithoto go tlamela diketane tsa mabentlele a magolo tse di gaisanang tsa Checkers le Pick n Pay. Le fa go ntse jalo, o ne a bolela gore dithoto tse ga di tshwane le tse a neng a di tlamela Woolworths, mme ka jalo o ne a wetsa ka gore ga a tlole tumalano ya go boikgethelo.<ref name=":2" /> Woolworths, ka fa letlhakoreng le lengwe, e ne ya bolela gore karolo ya kgaisano ya yone mo mmarakeng e ne e tswa mo ditumalanong tse dintsi tse di ntseng jalo tsa go nna le dithoto tse di kgethegileng, le gore ditumalano tse di ntseng jalo di ne di tlwaelesegile mo madirelong a mabentlele. Woolworths e rile e ikuetse mo go Beyers gore e seka ya tlamela dimonamone kwa mabentleleng a magolo a a gaisanang, e re go kotsi thata gore kitso e e amanang le dithoto tsa yona tse di rileng e ka neelwa madirelo e maša ka go sa lemoge, mme se sa felela ka gore dithoto tse di tshwanang thata le tsa yone di neelwe barekisi ba ba gaisanang. Khamphani eno e ne ya bolela gore fa Beyers e ne e gana, Woolworths e ne ya tswelela pele go phimola ditaelo tsa yone le modiri wa tšhokolete. Tse go begwa di ne di le bokana jwa dikadike dile makgolo a mararo mo lotsenong lwa ngwaga le ngwaga - mo e ka nnang sephatlo sa lotseno lotlhe lwa ngwaga le ngwaga lwa Beyers.<ref>[https://businesstech.co.za/news/business-opinion/860135/woolworths-ceo-responds-to-cutting-ties-with-its-iconic-chocolate-maker-after-34-years/ "Woolworths CEO responds to ending ties with its iconic chocolate maker after 34 years]". BusinessTech. 12 May 2026. Retrieved 1 June 2026.</ref> Bobedi jo e leng Kees Beyers le mokhuduthamaga wa Woolworths Roy Bagattini ba ne ba botsolodiwa ka kgang e, mme dipego tsa bone tsa se se diragetseng di ne di thulana ka ditsela tse dintsintsi. Ka jalo go ne go sa tlhaloganyesege mo setšabeng gore ke mang, fa e le gore go na le mongwe, yo o neng a na le molato wa seemo se. Woolworths e netefaditse gore e setse e bone motlamedi yo moša wa dithoto dingwe tse di amegileng, le gore ga e solofele gore tlamelo e tla fetoga mo mabentleleng a yona. Moragonyana mo go yone kgwedi eo, moabi yo o farologaneng - Grey’s Marine, o ne a dira ditshwaelo tse di tshwanang tsa phatlalatsa ka ga Woolworths. Motlamedi wa dijo tsa lewatle o ne a bolela gore o ne a lebane le kgatelelo e e tswang kwa Woolworths, mmogo le go tshwarwa makgwakgwa, go ditiro tsa go tshosa le go tshosediwa. Grey's e ne e berekile le Woolworths dingwaga di le masome a mararo, mme e ne e dira lotseno lo lo fetang didikadike di le makgolo a mabedi a di ranta ka ngwaga ka nako ya fa e ne e le kwa setlhoeng. Kompone e boletse fa botsalano jwa yone le Woolworths bo ne jwa senyega ka iketlo, mme ya pega Woolworths molato wa go tswalwa ga yone kwa bofelong. Woolworths o ne a ganela maikarabelo.<ref name=":3">Malcolm Libera (25 May 2026). [https://businesstech.co.za/news/business/861404/woolworths-under-fire-as-another-business-closes-after-30-years-in-south-africa/ "Woolworths under fire as another business closes after 30 years in South Africa"]. BusinessTech. Retrieved 1 June 2026.</ref> Ka ntlha ya dingongorego tse pedi tsa batlamedi ba ditirelo, Democratic Alliance e tlhalositse gore e rulagantse go simolola dipatlisiso ka ga melao ya kgaisano ya Aforika Borwa. Lekoko le rile ga le kake le itebaganya le Woolworths ka tlhamalalo, mme e tla batlisisa dintlha tse di anameng tsa popego mo teng ga lekala la kgwebopotlana la Aforika Borwa.<ref name=":3" /> Mopalamente wa DA Toby Chance o rile lekoko le dumela gore ga go na lebaka la gore barekisi ba dirise ditumalano tse di gagametseng jalo tsa go kgethega mo batlameding, le gore DA e tla batla go baakanya Molao wa Kgaisano ka ntlha ya seemo se.<ref>[https://www.capetownetc.com/news/calls-for-competition-reforms-as-brands-collapse-under-exclusivity-deals/ "Calls for competition reforms as brands collapse under exclusivity deals"]. Cape Town ETC. 25 May 2026. Retrieved 1 June 2026.</ref> === Go ntshiwa ga makasine wa Bokeresete === Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2010, Woolworths e ne ya tshwaiwa diphoso ka ntlha ya tshwetso ya yone ya go ntsha dikwalotsadikgang tsa [[:en:Christian|Bokeresete]] mo maraleng a yone le go emisa thekiso ya tsone go di rekisa. Kgato e e ne ya tsosa tsibogo e e bonalang go tswa mo setšhabeng sa Bakeresete, ka bontsi bo kopa gore go kganelwe go rekisa ga morekisi.<ref name=":4">[http://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/Woolies-bans-Christian-mags-20101020 "Woolworths bans Christian mags".] ''News24''. Retrieved 3 September 2017.</ref> Woolworths e ne ya gatelela gore tshwetso e ne e tlhotlhelediwa ke kgwebo fela, mme mokhuduthamaga Simon Susman o ne a e amanya le go fokotsega ga thekiso.<ref name=":4" /> Morago ga go lela ga batho, kompone eno e ne ya busetsa dikwalotsadikgang tse tlhano tseo mo maraleng a yone.<ref>[http://www.timeslive.co.za/business/article718396.ece/Woolworths-repents Woolworths repents – Times LIVE]</ref> === Kgato ya tlhomamiso === Leba gape: [[:en:Black_Economic_Empowerment|Maatlafatso]] [[:en:Black_Economic_Empowerment|a Itsholelo ya Bantsho]] Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa 2012, Woolworths e ne ya lebana le ditatofatso tsa go [[:en:Affirmative_action|tlhaola]] batho ka letso morago ga go latofadiwa ka go kgaphela kwa thoko bakopatiro ba [[:en:White_South_African|basweu]] le badiri.<ref name=":5">Peter Church (3 September 2012). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130117102355/http://www.sapromo.com/features/item/310-racist-woolworths-sa-defiant "Racist Woolworths SA defiant"]. [[:en:SA_Promo|SA Promo.]] Archived from [http://www.sapromo.com/features/item/310-racist-woolworths-sa-defiant the original] on 17 January 2013. Retrieved 14 January 2013.</ref> Kganetsano e ne ya tsoga ka ntlha ya go bolela gore dipapatso tsa ditiro mo lefelong la tshedimosetso mo maranyaneng ya kompone ya tiro di ne di tlhalosa gore maemo a ne a buletswe batho ba ba batlang ditiro tsa "Baaforika, Bammala, le Baindia" fela.<ref>Fadia Salie (4 September 2012). "[http://www.fin24.com/Companies/Retail/Woolworths-douses-racial-fires-20120904 Woolworths douses racial fires]". News 24. Retrieved 14 January 2013.</ref> Morago ga tsibogo e e sa siamang, Woolworths e ne ya fetola mafoko a dipapatso tsa yone tsa tiro go bolela jaana: "Go ya ka mokgwa wa Woolworths Tekatekano ya Tiro, go tla ratwa bontlhopheng ba ba tswang mo ditlhopheng tse di tlhomilweng."<ref name=":5" /> Ditlhopha tse di farologaneng tsa setšhaba le baagi ba ne ba kopa gore go kganelwe go thekiso ya Woolworths,morago ga gore setlhopha sa thekiso ya melemo sa [[:en:Dis-Chem|Dischem]] se itsise leano la a go se akanyetse bakopatiro ba basweu mo maemong mangwe. [ [[:en:Wikipedia:Citation_needed|nopolo e a tlhokega]]] === Thotloetso ya dithoto tsa LGBTQIA+ === Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo ka ngwaga wa 2023, Woolworths e ne ya lebagana le go kgalwa ke setšhaba go tswa mo ditlhopheng tse di farologaneng, go akaretsa le mekgatlho ya bodumedi jaaka Lekgotla la Boatlhodi la Mamoseleme le ditlhopha tsa Bokeresete, ka ntlha ya go rotloetsa dithoto tsa [[:en:LGBTQIA+|LGBTQIA+]] go bareki ba ba botlana.<ref>van Zyl, Ané (7 June 2023). "PRIDE-REEKS Woolies 'wil brûe bou' met veldtog: 'Hartseer' oor party mense se reaksie". Beeld. p.&#x20;3.</ref> Fa Woolworths e tsibogela tsibogo e e sa siamang, e ne ya ntsha pegelo e e neng e tlhomamisa gore e ineetse mo letsholong la go rekisa jaaka karolo ya [[:en:Pride_Month|Kgwedi ya Boikgantsho]], e bolela gore ga e kitla e gogela tshegetso ya yone morago.<ref>van den Heever, Megan (13 June 2023). [https://web.archive.org/web/20230613194043/https://www.thesouthafrican.com/lifestyle/breaking-woolworths-pride-campaign-where-to-buy-backlash-muslim-judiciary-council-fake-letter-latest-13-june-2023/ "Woolworths feels heat from religious groups over Pride campaign".] ''The South African''. Archived from [https://www.thesouthafrican.com/lifestyle/breaking-woolworths-pride-campaign-where-to-buy-backlash-muslim-judiciary-council-fake-letter-latest-13-june-2023/ the original] on 13 June 2023. Retrieved 14 June 2023.</ref> === Bogodu jwa dikakanyo === ==== Ditlhamo tsa mosamo ==== Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2013, Woolworths e ne ya lebana le ditatofatso tsa go utswa dikakanyo morago ga gore motaki wa Aforika Borwa Euodia Roets a latofatse morekisi wa gagwe ka go dirisa ditlhamo tsa gagwe kwa ntle ga tetlelelo. Roets o ne a bolela gore Woolworths e ne e bolokile ditlhamo tsa gagwe jaaka dikao morago ga dipuisano tsa ditumalano tse di paletsweng mme moragonyana ya di dirisa mo mesamong e e neng o rekisiwa mo mabentleleng a yone.<ref>Pedeboy, Delphine (21 October 2013). [http://www.groundup.org.za/article/copyright-credit-woolworths-and-hummingbird/ "Copyright, credit, Woolworths and the hummingbird".] Ground Up. Retrieved 26 July 2016.</ref> Mo pegong se se neng se tlhalosa ka botlalo ditatofatso tsa gagwe, Roets o ne a tlhagisa dipapiso tse di bapileng tsa tiro ya gagwe ya botaki ya ntlhantlha le mosamo wa Woolworths, a go gatelela ditshwantso tse di bonalang thata. Woolworths e ganne ditatofatso tseno mo lefelong la tshedimosetso la maranyane la one.<ref>Cushion Design Allegation</ref> Roets o ne a tswelela ka go latofatsa gore Woolworths o ne a kopolola sekwalwa go tswa mo pegong ya [[:en:Hummingbird|Hummingbird]] ya Wikipedia kwa ntle ga go se tlhalosa, e le go tlola [[:en:Creative_Commons_License|tetla ya Creative Commons]]. Mokwalo o o neng o bontshiwa mo tlhamongo ne o tshwana sentle le dikarolo tsa diteng tsa Wikipedia. Fa a bodiwa ka ga se, tshupelo ya semmuso ya Twitter ya Woolworths ya Aforika Borwa e ne ya araba jaana, "Re tlhodile le mmueledi wa rona; Wikipedia ga se mong wa diteng."<ref>[https://twitter.com/WOOLWORTHS_SA/status/392632794993926144 "Woolworths South Africa Twitter".] Twitter. Retrieved 22 October 2013.</ref> ==== Ditshodi tsa masea ==== Ka kgwedi ya Firikgong ka ngwaga wa 2019, Woolworths e ne ya gogela morago mola wa ditshodi tsa masea morago ga ditatofatso tsa gore tlhamo e e ne e kopolotswe go tswa mo letshwa la kgwebo la Aforika Borwa la Ubuntu Baba mme ya rekisiwa ka tlhwatlhwa e e kwa tlase thata. Kganetsano e ne ya tlhagelela morago ga gore Shannon McLaughlin, mothei wa Ubuntu Baba, a phatlalatse mokwalo mo bukeng ya maranyane o o tlhalosang dipolelo tsa gagwe, e e neng ya nna le kgogedi ka bonako mo metsweding ya dikgang.<ref>Claasen, Larry (10 January 2018). [https://www.businesslive.co.za/bd/companies/retail-and-consumer/2019-01-10-red-faced-woolworths-apologises-and-pulls-similar-baby-carrier/ "Red-faced Woolworths apologises and pulls 'similar' baby carrier"]. ''www.businesslive.co.za''. Retrieved 10 January 2019.</ref> McLaughlin o ne a latofatsa gore ditshodi tsa bana di le mmalwa tsa komponi ya gagwe di ne di rekilwe ke Woolworths mme tsa isiwa kwa ofising ya yone e kgolo ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo ka ngwaga wa 2017, mo e ka nnang ngwaga pele ga Woolworths e simolola mofuta wa yone. <ref>Tswanya, Yolisa (10 January 2019). [https://www.iol.co.za/capetimes/news/woolworths-removes-baby-carriers-over-copying-controversy-18757797 "Woolworths removes baby carriers over 'copying' controversy | Cape Times"]. ''www.iol.co.za''. Retrieved 10 January 2019.</ref>Woolworths moragonyana e ne ya dumela gore ditshodi tsa yone tsa masea e ne e le tse di tswang mo moakanyetso wa Ubuntu Baba mme ya ntsha maitshwarelo a semmuso.<ref>Whitfield, Bruce (9 January 2019). [https://www.businessinsider.co.za/woolworths-pulls-ubuntu-baba-lookalike-baby-carriers-2019-1 "Woolworths admits trouble with its baby carrier design, yanks its Ubuntu Baba lookalike from shelves"]. ''BusinessInsider''. Retrieved 10 January 2019.</ref> Ketso ya senotsididi Mo tshimologong ya ngwaga wa 2012, Bothati jwa Maemo a Papatso jwa Aforika Borwa (ASA) bo ne jwa atlhola gore mofuta wa Dinotsididi tsa segologolo tsa Woolworths e ne e le ketso ya [[:en:Frankie's_(soft_drink)|dinotsididi tsa ga Frankie]]. ASA e fitlhetse gore Woolworths e ne e kopolotse ka bomo polelo ya "Dinotsididi tse di Molemo tsa Bogologolo" go bapatsa setlhagiswa sa yona, ka jalo e tlola ditshwanelo tsa thoto ya tlhaloganyo tsa ga Frankie. Woolworths e ne ya dumela go tlosa setlhopha seno ka bonako.<ref>Peters, Sherlissa (2 February 2012). [http://www.iol.co.za/dailynews/news/woolworths-to-remove-entire-soft-drinks-range-1.1225944#.T8969NXar_g "Woolworths to remove entire soft drinks range".] iol. Retrieved 6 June 2012.</ref>Morago ga katlholo, Mokhuduthamaga wa Woolworths South Africa Ian Moir o ne a amogela tsibogo e e sa siamang ya setšhaba, a bolela jaana: "Maikutlo a setšhaba a kgatlhanong le rona thata mme, le fa re nepile kgotsa re le phoso, maikutlo a bareki a kgatlhanong le rona."<ref>Nicolson, Greg (1 February 2012). [http://dailymaverick.co.za/article/2012-02-01-frankies-vs-woolworths-good-old-fashioned-david-and-goliath-battle "Frankie's vs. Woolworths: Good old-fashioned David-and-Goliath battle"]. Daily Maverick. Retrieved 6 June 2012.</ref> == Bona gape == * [[:en:Retailing_in_South_Africa|Thekiso mo Aforika Borwa]] <references /> == Dikgokagano tsa kwa ntle == * [https://www.woolworths.co.za/ Lefelo la tshedimosetso la maranyane la semmuso] 48sj5t1fw61rt56h3nv8zmdvjw7hi43 0 14344 53973 52978 2026-08-09T14:32:50Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53973 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Seromamoya sa Botswana'''- abbr RB1 ke seteishene sa radio mo Botswana se se tsamaisiwang ke Puso ya Botswana mo Toropokgolo ya Gaborone. Seteishene sa radio se neela dikgang, dikgang tsa segompieo ka ga lefatshe la Botswana, ngwao ya Botswana, thuto mme gape se neela balatedi ba sone boitlosobodutu.Seromamoya sa Botswana sa RB1s e simolotse go gasa ka ngwaga wa sekete , makgolo a robabogwe le masome a marataro le botlhano (1965) mme ka nako eo e ne e bidiwa '''Radio Bechuanaland''' pele ga naga e ikemela. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250918004558/https://www.musicinafrica.net/directory/radio-botswana-rb1 "Radio Bechuanaland".] ''Music Africa''. 5 September 2016. Retrieved 16 August 2017</ref>Ka nako ya fa e ne e bidiwa Radio Bechuanaland, seteishene se ne sa thusiwa ka go fetisa makhubu go tswa kwa Mafikeng Veterinary, mme se ne se thusa lefapha ka tlhaeletsano e e akaretsang sediko sa dikilometara di le masome a mabedi . Tirisanommogo magareng ga ngaka ya diphologolo ya Mafikeng le radio ya Bechuanaland e ne e le go gasa lenaneo la temo.<ref>DIT. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180813133958/http://www.dib.gov.bw/ "partnership between radio Bechuanaland and Mafikeng veterinary"]. ''Department of information broadcasting Botswana''. Information Botswana. Archived from the original on 13 August 2018. Retrieved 17 August 2017.</ref> Radio Bechuanaland go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete , makgolo a robabogwe le masome a marataro le bosupa (1967) e ne e le mo moyeng ka selekanyo sa dimetara di le masome a robabongwe bosigo bongwe le bongwe. Seteishene se bidiwa Seroma mowa sa Botswana ka puo ya Setswana. == Nako ya kgaso == Radio Botswana e sa ntse e gasa malatsi a le supa ka beke jaaka media wa batho ba le bantsi ka diura di le lesome le borobabobedi ka letsatsi ka Setswana le Sekgoa. <ref>Zaffiro, James J. (James Joseph) (2000). [https://dx.doi.org/10.1353/at.2000.0023 "Broadcasting Reform and Democratization in Botswana".] ''Africa Today''. '''47''' (1): 87–102. doi:10.1353/at.2000.0023. ISSN&#x20;1527-1978.</ref> === Podcasting === Radio Botswana e teng gape ka mokgwa wa podcast mo akhaontong ya seteišene. == Ditso tsa Radio Bechuanaland == Ditshupo tsa ntlha tsa radio di ne tsa amogelwa kwa Bechuanaland ka gwaga wa Sekete , makgolo a robaongwe le masome mararo le bosupa (1927). Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e le lesome le borobabobedi ka ngwaga Sekete , makgolo a robaongwe le masome mararo le bone (1934), Motlhankedi wa Tshireletso wa Bechuanaland o ne a kopa gore go atolosiwe ditlamelo go ya kwa dikarolong tse dingwe tsa kolone.<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20211203100243/https://ccms.ukzn.ac.za/Files/articles/PhD_theses/sethunya%20mosime%20-%20botswana%20television.pdf "Botswana Television (BTV) Negotiating Control and Cultural Production in a Globalising Context: A Political Economy of Media State Ownership in Africa"] (PDF). ''University of Kwa-Zulu Natal''. March 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 December 2021. Retrieved 23 November 2023.</ref> Radio Bechuanaland e simolotse go gasa diura di le 24 (24/7) ka ngwaga wa Sekete , makgolo a robaongwe le masome marataro le botlhano (1965) jaaka mogasi wa ntlha mo Botswana. Radio Bechuanaland e ne ya tlhamiwa ka thuso ya moagi wa Afrika Borwa yo gape e neng e le motlhankedi wa sepodisi wa radio ka nako eo ka leina la Peter Nel. Radio Bechuanaland e ne e direla baagi mme e ne e gasa ka maatla a 500 watts.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250221144414/https://www.britishempire.co.uk/article/radiobechuanaland.htm "British Empire (Radio Bechuanaland history)"]. ''British Empire''. Retrieved 16 August 2017.</ref>Seteishene seno se ne sa simolola go gasa ka 3356 kHz. Radio Bechuanaland e simolotse go dira mo seteišeneng sa mapodisi se se kwa toropong e nnye e e bidiwang [[Lobatse]]. <ref>Mokopakgosi, Brian T.; Zaffiro, James J. (1994). [https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/220770 "From Police Network to Station of the Nation: A Political History of Broadcasting in Botswana, 1927--1991".] ''The International Journal of African Historical Studies''. '''27''' (3): 643. doi:10.2307/220770. ISSN&#x20;0361-7882. JSTOR&#x20;220770.</ref>Maikaelelo magolo a seteišene seno e ne e le go atametsa batho kwa tshedimosetsong ka ga naga ya bone e nnye (botaki, setso le boitlosobodutu). === Sekete , makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le borobabobedi (1968) === Radio Bechuanaland e ne ya nna karolo ya Lefapha la Merero ya Selegae la Botswana kwa ofising ya moporesidente e moragonyana e neng ya bopa lefapha le le neng le bidiwa Information services. Ka nako ya puso ya tlhaolele mo Afrika Borwa, mananeo a Radio Botswana a ne a amogelwa mo mafelong a mantsi a go buiwang Setswana mo nageng eo.<ref name=":0" /> === Sekete , makgolo a robabongwe le masome supa le borobabobedi (1978) === Radio Bechuanaland e tsene semmuso mo ditirelong tsa tshedimosetso le kgaso Botswana === Mananeo a Radio Bechuanaland ka ngwaga wa Sekete , makgolo a robabongwe le masome1966 === Thulaganyo ya Phatwe === Sontaga === * 5:30hrs go ya go 6:00hrs ---------------> Dikopo tsa bookelo * 6:00 go ya go 6:10 - Dikgang tsa [[BBC]] * 6:10hrs go ya go 6:15hrs ---------------> Thulaganyo ya go gwanta * 6:15 go ya go 6:30 - Mmino wa Botlhe * 6:30hrs go ya go 07:00hrs --------------> Tirelo ya kereke * Seemo sa Bosa === Mosupologo === * 3:34hrs go ya go 4:00hrs ---------------> Dikgang tsa kgwele ya dinao * 4:00 go ya go 4:10 [[- Dikgang Tsa BBC]] * 4:10hrs go ya go 4:20hrs ---------------> Dikgang tsa Sekgoa * 4:20hrs to 4:30hrs ---------------> Dikgang tsa Setswana * 4:40hrs go ya go 4:45hrs - Makasine wa Basadi * 4:45hrs go ya go 7:15hrs ---------------> Dikgang tsa beke * Seemo sa bosa === Labobedi === * 3:30 go ya go 4:00 Dikopo * 4:00 go ya go 4:30 - [[BBC News]] * 4:30hrs go ya go 4:40hrs ----------------> Dikgang tsa Sekgoa * 4:40hrs to 4:50hrs - Dikgang tsa Setswana * 4:50hrs go ya go 7:45hrs Dipina tsa mo gae * 7: 45hrs go ya go 7: 50hrs ---------------> A re ithuteng jalo * Seemo sa bosa === Laboraro === * 3:30hrs to 4:00hrs ----------------> Thuto ka mawatle * 4:00 go ya go 4:10 - [[Dikgang Tsa BBC]] * 4:10hrs go ya go 4:20hrs ----------------> Dikgang tsa Sekgoa * 4:20hrs to 4:30hrs ----------------> Dikgang tsa Setswana * 4:30 go ya go 7:00 - Mmino wa bogologolo * 7:00hrs go ya go 7:15hrs ----------------> Thulaganyo e e Kgethegileng go tswa kwa moseja * Seemo sa bosa === Labone === * 3:30hrs to 4:00hrs ----------------> Thuto ka mawatle * 4:00 go ya go 4:10 - Dikgang Tsa BBC * 4:10hrs go ya go 4:20hrs ----------------> Dikgang tsa Sekgoa * 4:20hrs to 4:30hrs ----------------> Dikgang tsa Setswana * 4:30 go ya go 7:00 Mmino wa tlelasiki * 7:00hrs go ya go 7:15hrs ----------------> Thulaganyo e e Kgethegileng go tswa kwa moseja * Seemo sa bosa === Labotlhano === * 3:30hrs go ya go 4:00hrs ----------------> Moletlo/Meletso * 4:00 go ya go 4:10 - Dikgang Tsa BBC * 4:10hrs go ya go 4:20hrs ----------------> Dikgang tsa Sekgoa * 4:20hrs to 4:30hrs ----------------> Dikgang tsa Setswana * 4:30hrs go ya go 7:15hrs ----------------> Go bitsa balemirui botlhe/Piletso ya balemi * 7:15hrs to 7:25hrs ----------------> Bua ka tlhabololo ya setšhaba/Polelo ka tsa loago * Seemo sa bosa === Matlhatso === * 3:30hrs ----------------> Inola * 4:00hrs ------------------> Dikgang * 4:14hrs - Dikopo * 4:30hrs go ya go 7:00hrs ----------------> Kakwano le kakoo === Badiri ba Radio Bechuanaland ka Sekete , makgolo a robabongwe le masome marataro le borataro (1966) === * [[Rre. Bernard Palmer]]: Mogakolodi wa Kgaso * [[Ian Kennedy]]: Moenjiniri yo Mogolo * [[Lucas Kgang]]: Moanamisi * [[Joshua Chelenyane]]: Moanamisi * [[Gabriel Nyammbe]]: Morulaganyi * [[Douglas Moiketsi]] * [[Noel Pilane]]: Moanamisi Dingaan Mochila motlhankedi wa kgaso == Go gasa mo Bechuanaland == [[Setshwantsho:Broadcasting in Bechuanaland.jpg|thumb|Go nopola Bernard Palmer]] === Makgetlo === [[Lobatse|Lobatse:]] [[Gaborone|Gaborone:]] RB1- 89.9FM RB2- 103.00FM [[Mahalapye|Mahalapye:]] [[Serowe|Serowe:]] [[Palapye]]: [[Selebi-Phikwe|Selibe Phikwe:]] [[Francistown|Francistown:]] [[Maun|Maun:]] == Metswedi == lnux2jplgtlg9sum1262hnf6s7s3fmc 0 14407 53966 52425 2026-08-09T12:00:53Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53966 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nkange''' ke kgaolo ya Botlhophi mo [[Kgaolong ya Bogare]] se emetswe mo [[Kokoanong Bosetšhaba ya Botswana]] ke Motlhaleemang Moalosi, Mopalamente wa [[Botswana Congress Party]] (BCP) go tloga ka 2024. == Popego ya Kgaolo ya Botlhophi == Lefelo la ditlhopho la Nkange le le kwa bokone-botlhaba jwa [[Kgaolo ya Legare (Botswana)|Kgaolo ya Bogare]] jwa Botswana, le ne la tlhomiwa ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mararo le botlhano ka ntlha ya ditlhopho tsa ntlha tsa lefatshe mme ke lengwe la mafelo a ditlhopho a Botswana a a sa bolong go nna teng. Kgaolo e e ne e le lefelo la [[Botswana Democratic Party]] (BDP). Go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le botlhano go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone , BDP e ne ya nna ya bona 63% ya diboutu, mme Botswana Progressive Union e ne ya gwetlha puso ya yone ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bone, sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe le ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bone. Fa e sa le go tloga ka lekgolo leno la dingwaga, BDP e ne ya nna ya fokotsega. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe, go ne ga nna le phetogo e kgolo ya sepolotiki mo nageng jaaka [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]], moeteledipele wa morafe wa Ngwato a ne a lwa le Tautona wa gompieno, [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]] le moeteledipele wa BDP. Kganetsano e ya sepolotiki e ne ya nna le tshusumetso e e rileng mo mekgweng ya go tlhopha ya kgaolo, le fa e ne e se thata jaaka dikgaolo tse di nang le baagi ba Ngwato jaaka [[Shoshong]], fela go ne go lekane go fetola kgaolo go nna ya [[Umbrella for Democratic Change]]. E ne e le lekgetlo la ntlha lekoko la kganetso le fenya Nkange. UDC e ne ya latlhegelwa ke setilo sa yona go BCP ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone , mme ya nna nngwe ya dikgaolo di le pedi fela tse di neng tsa se ka tsa busetsa Mopalamente wa UDC mo ditlhophong tseo; e nngwe e ne e le [[Selebi-Phikwe Bophirima.|Selebi-Phikwe]] [[Selebi-Phikwe Bophirima.|Bophirima.]] Se e ne e le ka ntlha ya Motlhaleemang Moalosi a dira letsholo le le tseneletseng koo. Kgaolo e e tlhophilweng, e e kwa magaeng, e akaretsa metse e e latelang:<ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20250826203516/https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/2022_Delimitation_Final_Report.pdf 2022 DELIMITATION COMMISSION REPORT]'' (PDF). 2022. p.&#x20;21.</ref> [[Maitengwe]] [[Nkange]] [[Senete]] [[Changate]] Dagwi [[Matobo, Botswana|Matobo]] [[Nswazwi|Nswazi]] [[Makuta]] Nshakashogwe [[Marapong]] [[Sebina]] [[Marobela]] [[Semitwe]] Mafhungo Hobona [[Goshwe]] == Metswedi == 5iqecvtp30nm6qcqaq71kvfzp41xt7q 0 14409 53976 52428 2026-08-09T14:40:27Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53976 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shashe Bophirima''' ke kgaolo ya go tlhophiwa mo [[Kgaolong ya Bogare]] e emetswe mo [[Kokoanong Bosetšhaba ya Botswana]] ke Jeremiah Frenzel wa [[Botswana Patriotic Front]] (BPF) go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone. == Popego ya Kgaolo ya Botlhophi == Kgaolo e simolotse e le Tonota Bonone ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone morago ga go kgaoganngwa ga dikgaolo tsa Sebina-Gweta le [[Tonota|Tonota.]] E ne e emetswe ke Tona ya Matlotlo Baledzi Gaolathe wa [[Botswana Democratic Party]] (BDP) go tloga ka go tlhamiwa ga yone go fitlha a tlhokafala ka ngwaga wa dikete tsepedi le lesome . Gaolathe e ne e le rraagwe mothusa Tautona wa gompieno wa Botswana, [[Ndaba Gaolathe]]. Morago ga loso lwa ga Gaolathe, BDP e ne ya boloka setilo mo ditlhophong-potlana tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome, ka [[Fidelis Molao]] a direla jaaka MP wa yona. Pele ga ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone , kgaolo e ne ya bidiwa Shashe Bophirima morago ga diphetogo tse dinnye tsa melelwane. Molao o ne a tswelela go nna mo setilong seo go fitlha a fenngwa mo ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone , koo Jeremiah Frenzel wa [[Botswana Patriotic Front]] (BPF) a neng a bona phenyo e e neng e sa solofelwa. Palo ya diboutu tsa ga Frenzel e ne ya oketsega ka diperesente di le masome a matlhano go tswa go diperesente di le tharo fela mo ditlhophong tse di fetileng. Shashe Bophirima e ne ya nna ya boraro go nna le dipalo tse di kwa godimo go gaisa mo lefatsheng lotlhe, morago fela ga [[Lobatse]] le [[Chobe District|Chobe]]. Kgaolo ya selegae e akaretsa mafelo a a latelang:<ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20250826203516/https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/2022_Delimitation_Final_Report.pdf 2022 DELIMITATION COMMISSION REPORT]'' (PDF). 2022.</ref> [[Barolong|Borolong]] [[Makobo]] [[Natale]] [[Chadibe]] Jamataka [[Mathangwane]] [[Matsitama]] [[Mabesekwa]] [[Shashe-Mooke]] == Metswedi == c0u82ugx9f173answjniwn0icohmw2p 0 14431 53987 52491 2026-08-09T15:59:36Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53987 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tonota''' ke kgaolo ya [[Botswana]] e e emetsweng mo [[Kokoanong Bosetšhaba ya Botswana]] go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone ke Gaefele Sedombo, MP wa UDC. == Popego ya Kgaolo ya Botlhophi == Setilo se ne se le mo lefelo le le thata la [[Botswana Democratic Party]] (BDP), e e neng e e tshegetsa go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le botlhano go fitlha e fedisiwa morago ga ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe.Kgaolo e e tlhophilweng se ne sa tlhomiwa gape pele ga ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone mme BDP e ne ya nna le setilo seo. Le fa go ntse jalo, mo ditlhophong tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe , Umbrella for Democratic Change (UDC) e ne ya fenya setilo seno, e le lekgetlho la ntlha lekoko la kganetso le fenya mo setilong seno le ditlhopha tse di neng di le teng pele ga sone, Tonota Borwa le Tonota Bokone. Phenyo eno e tsamaelana le katlego e kgolo e UDC e e fitlheletseng kwa dikarolong tse di kwa bokone tsa Botswana ka nako ya ditlhopho tsa tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe . Kgaolo e e tlhophilweng ya selegae e akaretsa mafelo a a latelang:<ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20250826203516/https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/2022_Delimitation_Final_Report.pdf 2022 DELIMITATION COMMISSION REPORT]'' (PDF). 2022. p.&#x20;25.</ref> [[Tonota]] [[Serule]] [[Mandunyane]] Borotsi Foley [[Gojwane]] Sese Makomoto == Ditshupiso == hfp05o20k82hwv3l0x7boamupk89vv2 0 14434 53972 52494 2026-08-09T14:24:36Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53972 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Selebi-Phikwe Botlhaba''' ke kgaolo ya Selebi-Phikwe e e emetsweng mo [[Kokoanong Bosetšhaba ya Botswana]] fa e sale ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe ke Kgoborego Nkawana MP wa BCP. == Popego ya Kgaolo ya Botlhophi == Kgaolo e e tlhamilwe mmogo le Selebi-Phikwe Bophirima ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bobedi ka ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone, fa kgaolo ya Selebi-Phikwe e ne e kgaogantswe ga be. Nonofo Molefhi go tswa mo BDP o ne a fenya mo lekgotleng la ditlhopho ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le nne, dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe le ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone, segolo thata ka ntlha ya go arogana ga diboutu tsa kganetso magareng ga BCP le BNF (morago ga moo UDC). Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe , morago ga gore BCP e tsenele UDC, mokgethi wa yone Kgoborego Nkawana o ne a fenya mo tikologong eo. Kgaolo e ke ya ditoropo mme e akaretsa fela karolo e e kwa botlhaba ya Selibe Phikwe Township.<ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20250826203516/https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/2022_Delimitation_Final_Report.pdf 2022 DELIMITATION COMMISSION REPORT]'' (PDF). 2022. p.&#x20;33.</ref> == Ditshupiso == rtsdvjm66w1qpt9bvjattifm1p0c6b8 0 14435 53971 52495 2026-08-09T14:24:35Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53971 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Selebi-Phikwe Bophirima''' ke setereke mo [[Selebi-Phikwe]] se emetswe mo [[Kokoanong Bosetšhaba ya Botswana]] e emetswe mo Kokoanong Bosetšhaba ya Botswana go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone ke Reuben Kaizer, Mopalamente wa BCP. == Popego ya Kgaolo ya Botlhophi == Kgaolo e e tlhamilwe mmogo le Selebi-Phikwe Botlhaba ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bobedi ka ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone , fa kgaolo ya Selebi-Phikwe se ne se kgaogantswe ga bedi. Kgaolo eno ke legae la moepo wa BCL Limited, o o neng wa tswalwa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borataro mme wa tlogela batho ba feta dikete tse tlhano ba se na ditiro. Leina la kgaolo eno jaaka nngwe ya tse di kgatlhanong le BDP mo nageng eno le bakwa thata ke seno.<ref>[http://www.botswanaguardian.co.bw/business/item/3297-nation-still-haunted-by-the-bcl-shut-down-decision.html "Nation still haunted by the BCL shut-down decision!".] ''Botswana Guardian''. Retrieved 13 June 2019.</ref><ref>[https://www.industriall-union.org/over-6000-jobs-to-go-at-state-owned-mines-in-botswana "6,000 jobs to go at state-owned mines in Botswana".] ''IndustriALL''. 2016-10-19. Retrieved 2022-05-29.</ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe e ne ya tlhopha BCP (kgotsa ba ba amanang le yone). Lefelo la ditlhopho la toropo le akaretsa mafelo a a latelang:<ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20250826203516/https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/2022_Delimitation_Final_Report.pdf 2022 DELIMITATION COMMISSION REPORT]'' (PDF). 2022. pp.&#x20;25–26.</ref> Selebe Phikwe Township BCL Limited Kampo ya Botswana Defence Force (BDF) Kgolegelo ya Puso ya Selibe Phikwe szdu6b8q3dg8n0ph3pesde5xzzd06th 0 14436 53967 52496 2026-08-09T13:03:47Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53967 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Palapye''' ke kgaolo ya Botlhophi mo Kgaolong ya Bogare e emetswe mo [[Kokoanong Bosetšhaba ya Botswana]] ke Onneetse Ramogapi, MP wa [[Umbrella for Democratic Change]] (UDC) le Tona ya Metsi le Selegae go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe. == Popego tsa Kgaolo ya Botlhophi == Kgaolo e e tlhophilweng e tlhamilwe ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe lebone, jaaka karolo ya koketsego ya ditlhopha tse di tlhophilweng morago ga go lekanyetswa ga nako le nako ka sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bobedi. [[Botswana Democratic Party]] (BDP) e tshwere setilo se go tloga ka ditlhopho tsa yona tsa ntlha ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bone mme ya latlhegelwa ke sona dingwaga di le masome a mabedi le botlhano morago ga moo mo ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe fa go ne go na le kgaratlho ya kgaolo kgatlhanong le BDP mo Kgaolong ya Bogare. UDC e tshwere setilo ka bontsi jo bo kwa godimo kwa ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone , fa gare ga go thulana ga setšhaba kgatlhanong le BDP, e e boneng e latlhegelwa ke maatla lekgetlo la ntlha. E ne e emetswe ke Mothusa Tauotona wa Botswana, [[Festus Mogae]] go fitlha ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi, fa a ne a tlhatlogela kwa Botautoneng. Kgaolo ya ditlhopho e e leng mo kgaolong ya metseselegae, e e dikologileng Palapye se akaretsa metse e e latelang:<ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20250826203516/https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/2022_Delimitation_Final_Report.pdf 2022 DELIMITATION COMMISSION REPORT]'' (PDF). 2022.</ref> [[Palapye]] Topisi Mokgware Mogome Radisele Moreomabele jqyufzu85snsthhtx75b9yutkw33dbv 0 14437 53989 52497 2026-08-09T16:12:04Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53989 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tswapong Bokone''' ke setheo sa ditlhopho mo [[Kgaolong ya Bogare]] se emetswe mo [[Kokoanong Bosetšhaba ya Botswana]] ke Kgosana Maele, MP wa UDC le Tona ya Thuto e e kwa Godimo go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone. == Popego ya Kgaolo ya Botlhophi == Lefelo la Tswapong Bokone le le kwa borwabotlhaba jwa Kgaolo ya Legare ya Botswana, le ne la tlhomiwa ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le botlhano go dira ditlhopho tsa ntlha tsa naga mme ke lengwe la mafelo a a leng teng a Botswana a a sa bolong go nna teng. Go bontsha gore batho ba Batswapong ba ba neng ba le teng ba ne ba tshwana le ba morafe wa Ngwato, kgaolo eno e ne e le lefelo la konokono la Botswana Democratic Party (BDP). Go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le botlhano go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone, BDP e ne ya nna e bona palogare ya 80% ya diboutu. Le fa go ntse jalo, fa e sa le ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi, puso ya BDP e ne ya simolola go fokotsega, mme palo ya diboutu tsa yone e ne ya fokotsega mo ditlhophong tsotlhe fa e sale ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe . Setlhopha se ne se le ka fa tlase ga diphetogo tsa melelwane mme se ne sa fetolwa leina go nna Lerala-Maunatlala ka nako ya ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone . Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe, go ne ga nna le phetogo e kgolo ya sepolotiki jaaka [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]], moeteledipele wa morafe wa Ngwato a ne a sa utlwane le Tautona wa ga gompieno, [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]] le moeteledipele wa BDP. Go sa utlwane gono ga sepolotiki go ne ga ama mekgwa ya go tlhopha ya kgaolo eo. <ref>Seabo, Batlang; Nyenhuis, Robert (2021-11-23). [https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/african-studies-review/article/abs/botswanas-2019-general-elections-a-referendum-on-general-ian-khama/025D7A45D5F26B1A8045E91529DCAAB5#access-block "Botswana's 2019 General Elections: A Referendum on General Ian Khama".] ''African Studies Review''. '''64''' (4): 854–883. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1017/asr.2021.69|10.1017/asr.2021.69]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&#x20;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0002-0206 0002-0206]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID&#x20;]][https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:244539238 244539238].</ref><ref>Basimanebotlhe, Tsaone (2022-10-10). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/serowe-constituencies-vulnerable-as-bpf-rumpus-continues/news "Serowe constituencies vulnerable as BPF rumpus continues".] ''[[:en:Mmegi_Online|Mmegi Online]]''. Retrieved 2024-04-12.</ref> Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesomel e borobabongwe di bone phesente e le lesome le bongwe ya diphesente kgatlhanong le BDP, e leng lekgetlo la ntlha BDP e retelelwa ke go nna le bontsi jwa diboutu tse di abilweng mo tikologong. Le fa go ntse jalo, makoko a kganetso a ne a kgaoganya diboutu, mme seo sa dira gore BDP e fenye. Mo ditlhophong tsa Botswana tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone, [[Umbrella for Democratic Change]] e ne ya nna mo letlhakoreng la kganetso ka ntlha ya go wa ga palo ya batho ba ba neng ba tlhopha BDP, e leng se se neng sa dira gore mokgatlho oo o fetse dingwaga di le masome a matlhano le borobabobedi o laola kgaolo eo. Kgaolo e e tlhophilweng, e e kwa magaeng, e akaretsa metse e e latelang:<ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20250826203516/https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/2022_Delimitation_Final_Report.pdf 2022 DELIMITATION COMMISSION REPORT]'' (PDF). 2022.</ref> [[Lerala]] [[Lecheng]] Mokungwana Matlhakola Goo-Segkweng Gootau Manaledi Majwaneng Seolwane Kagodi Diloro [[Mogapinyana]] Ratholo Moeng Mosweu Mokokwana [[Maunatlala]] Lesenepole [[Moremi]] Malaka Maokatumo Tamasane [[Mogapi]] == Ditshupiso == p6krv1otwsdtycwgx9ocyr1mrwu954i 0 14440 53990 52501 2026-08-09T16:12:04Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53990 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tswapong Borwa''' ke kgaolo ya botlhophi mo [[Kgaolong ya Bogare]] e emetswe mo [[Kokoanong Bosetšhaba ya Botswana]] ke Kesitegile Gobotswang, MP wa BCP go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe . == Popego ya Kgaolo ya Botlhophi == Lefelo la Tswapong Borwa le le kwa borwabotlhaba jwa kgaolo ya Legare ya Botswana, le ne la tlhomiwa ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le botlhano ka ditlhopho tsa ntlha tsa lefatshe mme ke lengwe la mafelo a a leng teng a Botswana a a sa bolong go nna teng. Go bontsha gore batho ba Batswapong ba ba neng ba le teng ba ne ba tshwana le ba morafe wa Ngwato, kgaolo eno e ne e le lefelo la konokono la [[Botswana Democratic Party]] (BDP). Go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le botlhano go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone, BDP e ne ya nna e bona palogare ya 80% ya ditalama. Le fa go ntse jalo, puso ya BDP e ne ya simolola go fokotsega, ka palo ya ditalama tsa yone e fokotsega mo ditlhophong tsotlhe fa e sale ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bone, ntle le ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone. Setlhopha se ne se le ka fa tlase ga diphetogo tsa melelwane mme se ne sa fetolwa leina go nna Sefhare-Ramokgonami ka nako ya ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe , go ne ga nna le phetogo e tona ya sepolotiki jaaka [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]], moeteledipele wa morafe wa Ngwato a ne a nna le kgotlhang le Tautona wa gompieno, [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]] le moeteledipele wa BDP. Go sa utlwane gono ga sepolotiki go ne ga ama tsela e batho ba neng ba tlhopha ka yone mo kgaolong eo. Khama o ne a dira letsholo la mokgethisi wa Palamente wa [[Umbrella for Democratic Change]] (UDC), Kesitegile Gobotswang ka nako ya letsholo la ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe.<ref>Gaothobogwe, Monkagedi (2019-04-18). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/khama-endorse-udcs-gobotswang/news "Khama 'endorse' UDC's Gobotswang"]. ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 2025-05-09.</ref><ref>Seabo, Batlang; Nyenhuis, Robert (2021-11-23). [https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/african-studies-review/article/abs/botswanas-2019-general-elections-a-referendum-on-general-ian-khama/025D7A45D5F26B1A8045E91529DCAAB5#access-block "Botswana's 2019 General Elections: A Referendum on General Ian Khama".] ''African Studies Review''. '''64''' (4): 854–883. doi:10.1017/asr.2021.69. ISSN&#x20;0002-0206. S2CID&#x20;244539238.</ref><ref>Basimanebotlhe, Tsaone (2022-10-10). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/serowe-constituencies-vulnerable-as-bpf-rumpus-continues/news "Serowe constituencies vulnerable as BPF rumpus continues"]. [[:en:Mmegi_Online|''Mmegi Online''.]] Retrieved 2024-04-12.</ref> Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe di bone phesente e ntsi ya lesome le borobabobedi ya diphesente kgatlhanong le BDP, e leng lekgetlho la ntlha BDP e latlhegelwa ke setheo, go khutlisa dingwaga tse masome a matlhano le boraro tsa mokgatlho mo setheong. Morago ga go tswa ga BCP mo UDC, Mopalamente wa ga jaana Gobotswang o ne a nna a ntse a le mo setilong seo mo ditlhophong tsa Botswana tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone, ka fa tlase ga letshwao la BCP. Kgaolo e e tlhophang, e s kwa magaeng, se akaretsa metse e e latelang:<ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20250826203516/https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/2022_Delimitation_Final_Report.pdf 2022 DELIMITATION COMMISSION REPORT]'' (PDF). 2022.</ref> [[Sefhare]] Mhalapitsa Maape [[Ramokgonami]] [[Seleka]] [[Ngwapa]] Mokobeng Moshopha [[Chadibe]] Matlhako [[Machaneng]] [[Pilikwe]] Letoreng Dipolasi Tsa Sherwood Lefelo la go Tsamaya la Border Post la ga Martin == Ditshupiso == r570saidzxxmap0qpm2x8iz7kskbnhl 0 14444 53977 52506 2026-08-09T14:40:43Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53977 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shoshong''' ke kgaolong ya Botlhophi mo [[Kgaolong ya Bogare]] e emetswe mo [[Kokoanong Bosetšhaba ya Botswana]] ke Moneedi Bagaisamang, MP wa UDC go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone. == Popego ya Kgaolo == Lefelo la botlhophi la Shoshong le le kwa borwabotlhaba jwa Kgaolo ya Bogare jwa Botswana, le ne la tlhomiwa ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le botlhano ka ditlhopho tsa ntlha tsa naga mme ke lengwe la mafelo a botlhophi a Botswana a a sa bolong go nna teng. Go bontsha gore batho ba ba neng ba nna mo kgaolong eno e ne e le Ba-Ngwato, kgaolo eno ya ditlhopho e ne e le lefelo la konokono la [[Botswana Democratic Party]] (BDP). Go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le botlhano go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone, BDP e ne ya nna e bona palogare ya 80% ya diboutu. Le fa go ntse jalo, fa e sale go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi, puso ya BDP e ne ya simolola go fokotsega, mme palo ya ditalama tsa yone e ne ya fokotsega mo ditlhophong tse di neng tsa latela. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe, go ne ga nna le phetogo e kgolo ya sepolotiki jaaka Ian Khama, moeteledipele wa morafe wa Ngwato a ne a nna le kgotlhang le moporesidente wa jaanong, Mokgweetsi Masisi le moeteledipele wa BDP. Kganetsano eno ya sepolotiki e ne ya ama mekgwa ya go bouta ya kgaolo ya ditlhopho. <ref>Seabo, Batlang; Nyenhuis, Robert (2021-11-23). [https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/african-studies-review/article/abs/botswanas-2019-general-elections-a-referendum-on-general-ian-khama/025D7A45D5F26B1A8045E91529DCAAB5#access-block "Botswana's 2019 General Elections: A Referendum on General Ian Khama"]. ''African Studies Review''. '''64''' (4): 854–883. doi:10.1017/asr.2021.69. ISSN&#x20;0002-0206. S2CID&#x20;244539238.</ref><ref>Basimanebotlhe, Tsaone (2022-10-10). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/serowe-constituencies-vulnerable-as-bpf-rumpus-continues/news "Serowe constituencies vulnerable as BPF rumpus continues".] ''[[:en:Mmegi_Online|Mmegi Online]]''. Retrieved 2024-04-12.</ref>Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe di bone phitlhelelo e e botlhokwa ya masome a mabedi le bobedi go leba kwa mokgatlhong wa kganetso wa Umbrella for Democratic Change (UDC) go tswa mo BDP, e leng go tshwaya phitlhelelo ya bone e e nonofileng ya bosetšhaba le lekgetlho la ntlha mokgatlho wa kganetso o fenya Shoshong. UDC e ne ya nna le setilo ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boneka bontsi jo bogolo. Kgaolo e e bontsi jwa yone e leng e e kwa magaeng, e akaretsa metse e e latelang<ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20250826203516/https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/2022_Delimitation_Final_Report.pdf 2022 DELIMITATION COMMISSION REPORT]'' (PDF). 2022. p.&#x20;45.</ref> [[Shoshong]] [[Mmutlane]] [[Kalamare]] [[Bonwapitse]] [[Mosolotshane]] [[Ikongwe]] [[Kodibeleng]] [[Otse]] [[Mokgenene]] [[Poloka]] [[Moralane]] Dibete Tobera == Ditshupiso == iesvwdrnn5ob9s712ioqf42yr4ouv43 0 14512 53975 52765 2026-08-09T14:32:53Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53975 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Serowe Borwa''' ke setereke mo [[Kgaolong ya Bogare]] se emetswe ke Lesedi Lepetswe, MP wa BPF mo [[Kokoanong Bosetšhaba ya Botswana]] go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe. == Popego ya Kgaolo ya Botlhophi == Serowe Borwa e mo Kgaolong ya Bogare mme e akaretsa dikarolo tsa borwa tsa Serowe le metsana e e e dikologileng. Kgaolo e e ne e le lefelo le le nonofileng la BDP, go busetsa maloko a BDP go tswa mo ditlhophong tsa ntlha tsa ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le botlhano go fitlha mo ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe , fa e ne e fenngwa ke [[BPF]]. Kgaolo e na le metse e e latelang:<ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20250826203516/https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/2022_Delimitation_Final_Report.pdf 2022 Delimitation Commission Report]'' (PDF). 2022. pp.&#x20;46–48.</ref> Dikarolo tsa Serowe # Mabuo # Sehunou # Thabala # Mogorosi # Motshegaletau # Moiyabana == Metswedi == 0grvgiej8lsc9cpqkaxf47i4jq8ify2 0 14513 53974 52767 2026-08-09T14:32:53Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53974 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Serowe Bophirima''' ke kgaolo ya botlhophi mo [[Kgaolong ya Bogare]] se emetswe ke Onalepelo Kedikilwe, MP wa BPF mo [[Kokoanong Bosetšhaba ya Botswana]] go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro. == Popego ya Kgaolo ya Botlhophi == Serowe Bophirima e mo Kgaolong ya Bogare mme e kwa magaeng, mme lefelo le legolo la bonno ke motse wa [[Serowe]]. Setlhopha se ke karolo ya ditulo tse tharo tsa histori tsa BDP tse di neng tsa fologela kwa BPF mme di ne di na le palo e e tlwaelegileng ya 76.7pp go ya kwa BPF.<ref>Seabo, Batlang; Nyenhuis, Robert (2021-11-23). [https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/african-studies-review/article/abs/botswanas-2019-general-elections-a-referendum-on-general-ian-khama/025D7A45D5F26B1A8045E91529DCAAB5#access-block "Botswana's 2019 General Elections: A Referendum on General Ian Khama"]. ''African Studies Review''. '''64''' (4): 854–883. doi:10.1017/asr.2021.69. ISSN&#x20;0002-0206. S2CID&#x20;244539238.</ref> Phetogo eno e ne ya dirwa ke gore morafe wa [[Bangwato|BaNgwato]], o lelapa la ga Khama e leng lelapa la segosi, le nna mo kgaolong ya Serowe. Pele [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] a tswa mo BDP, batho ba ne ba tlhola ba tlhopha lekoko la gagwe ka bontsi. Le fa go ntse jalo, morago ga kgotlhang magareng ga Ian Khama le Tautona [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]], Khama o ne a rotloetsa batho ba kgaolo ya Serowe go boutela BPF e e neng e sa tswa go tlhomiwa mme molaetsa o o ne wa utlwala thata mo baaging. Morwarragwe, Tshekedi Khama o ne a nna mo setilong mo ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe ka fa tlase ga folaga ya BPF, lekgetlho la ntlha mo tikologong ya gagwe a busetsa Mopalamente yo e seng wa BDP. <ref>Basimanebotlhe, Tsaone (2022-10-10). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/serowe-constituencies-vulnerable-as-bpf-rumpus-continues/news "Serowe constituencies vulnerable as BPF rumpus continues".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 2023-06-16.</ref> Serowe Bophirima e ne e le kgaolo ya botlhophi ya Tautona wa bone wa Botswana, [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]], go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone go fitlha a nna Tautona ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi ka gore baporesitente ba ba ntseng ba le teng ba ne ba sa kgone go nna maloko a a tlhophilweng a Kokoano Bosetšhaba ka nako e le nngwe ka ntlha ya tlhabololo ya molaotheo e e neng e le teng go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bone. Setlhopha se ne se bidiwa Serowe Bokone Bophirima go tswa mo ditlhophong tsa sona tsa ntlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone fa e sale e bolokile leina la yona la ga jaana. Kgaolo e na le metse e e latelang:<ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20250826203516/https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/2022_Delimitation_Final_Report.pdf 2022 DELIMITATION COMMISSION REPORT]'' (PDF). 2022. p.&#x20;46.</ref> Dikarolo tsa [[Serowe]] # [[Malatswai]] # [[Mmashoro]] # [[Dimajwe]] == Metswedi == d5gk2v1axsdp7nymssjs59rt4t0xdcg 0 14652 53983 53533 2026-08-09T15:37:43Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53983 wikitext text/x-wiki Thomo ya ga tautona ya go sekaseka dikarolo tsa masome a supa le bosupa, masome a supa le borobabobedi le masome a supa le borobabongwe tsa [[molaomotheo wa Botswana]], e e itsegeng gape ka leina la '''thomo ya ga Balopi''' e reeletswe ka modulasetilo wa thomo [[Patrick Balopi]], ke thomo ya [[Botswana]] ya go dira tshekatsheko e e tlhomilweng ka Phukwi a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi go tsibogela tlhoko tekatekano ya merafe gareng ga [[Merafe ya Botswana|merafe ya Batswana]] e e mentsi le merafe e mebotlana jaaka wa [[Wayeyi]]. == Tse di diragetseng pele == {{Quote|quote=Sir Seretse Khama o ne a le kgatlhanong le kgethololo ebile a ka se letle kgethololo epe mo molaomotheong. O ne a sa rate bogosi ka o ne a re bo a tlhaola. Go ya ka ene, go bua ka batho o re ba merafe e metona kgotsa ba merafe e mebotlana e ne e ka nna matlhapa.|by=[[Quett Masire]] tautona wa bobedi wa Botswana|cite=http://dspace.ucalgary.ca/bitstream/1880/48426/5/UofCPress_AfricanChieftaincy_2011.pdf}} Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le botlhano, [[Lydia Nyati-Ramahobo]], motlhatlhelela dithuto kwa [[Mmadikolo wa Botswana|Mmadikolo wa Botswana,]] o ne a tlhama lekgotla la Kamanakao, le maikaelelo a lone e neng e le go tlhabolola le go tshegetsa puo ya Shiyeyi le ngwao.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120304132657/http://kamanakao.tripod.com/thekamanakaoassociation/id4.html "Our Objectives".] The Kamanakao Association. Retrieved 27 July 2026</ref> Wayeyi ke setlhopha se sebotlana sa batho bantsho ka fa tlase ga [[Batawana]].<ref name=":0">Gulbrandsen, Ørnulf (2012). ''The State and the Social: State Formation in Botswana and Its Pre-Colonial and Colonial Genealogies''. Berghahn Books. p.&nbsp;340. ISBN&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780857452986|<bdi>9780857452986</bdi>.]]</ref> Ka ntlha ya maikutlo a kgatelelo ka fa tlase ga Batawana, morafe wa Wayeyi, ka thuso ya lekgotla la Kamanakao, ba ne ba tlhoma kgosikgolo wa bone Shikati Calvin Kamanakao, ka Moranang a le masome mabedi le bone ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe, mo go neng go le kgatlhanong le molao wa bogosi, le karolo ya masome a supa le bosupa go tsena e le masome a supa le borobabongwe ya [[molaomotheo wa Botswana]].<ref name=":0" /> Mothusa moatlhodimogolo Ian Kirby o ne a fetola Wayeyi ka lokwalo ka Phukwi a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa sekete makgoll a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe, a kwala gore ka Wayeyi e le morafe o o sa lemogiweng, ga ba ka ke ba nna le kgosi ya bone.<ref>[https://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrc/docs/RETENG_MCB.pdf "Alternative Report Submitted to the Human Rights Committee on the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights"] (PDF). Reteng: The Multicultural Coalition of Botswana. May 2007. Retrieved 27 July 2026.</ref> Ka ntlha ya kgotlhang ya Wayeyi le tshutiso ya palamente ya ga [[Olifant Mfa]] ka Tlhakole a le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe le botlhano go kwalolola dikarolo tsa masome a supa le bosupa go tsena masome a supa le borobabongwe tsa molaomotheo gore di akaretse merafe yotlhe, tautona [[Festus Mogae]] o ne a tlhopha batho ba le masome a mabedi le motso mo thomong ya ga tautona ya tshekatsheko ya dikarolo tsa masome a supa le bosupa, masome a supa le borobabobedi le masome a supa le borobabongwe tsa molaomotheo wa Botswana, e e neng gape e bidiwa thomo ya ga Balopi, e reeletswe ka Patrick Balopi modulasetolo wa thomo eo. Thomo e o e ne e ya go diragatsa dilo di le tharo: go kanoka dikgaolo tsa masome a supa le bosupa, masome a supa le borobabobedi le masome a supa le borobabongwe tsa molaomotheo wa Botswana le go batla tsela e e tlaa ntshang go bona dikgaolo tseo di kgetholola; (b) go kanoka le go tswa ka mokgwa o o siameng wa go tlhopha maloko a [[Ntlo ya Dikgosi tsa Botswana|ntlo ya dikgosi]]; le (c) go tswa ka dikakanyo le mekgwa ya go atolosa go diragatsa ka botswapelo ga Ntlo ya Dikgosi.<ref>Ray, Donald I.; Quinlan, Tim; Sharma, Keshav; Clarke, Tacita A.O., eds. (2011). [https://web.archive.org/web/20150209130830/http://dspace.ucalgary.ca/bitstream/1880/48426/5/UofCPress_AfricanChieftaincy_2011.pdf "The Role of the House of Chiefs (''Ntlo ya Dikgosi'') in Botswana"]. ''Reinventing African Chieftaincy in the Age of AIDS, Gender, Governance, and Development'' (PDF). Africa, Missing Voices. Vol.&nbsp;8. Calgary: University of Calgary Press. hdl:1880/48426. ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>978-1-55238-537-1</bdi>. ISSN&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:1703-1826 1703-1826]. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 February 2015. Retrieved 27 July 2026</ref> == Mekgwa == Go tsaya maikutlo a setshaba, maloko a thomo a ne a etela metse le ditoropo di le masome a mane le bongwe, ya tshwara dikopano di le masome a mane le boraro,  ba reetsa dikopano tsa setshaba di le masome a mararo le borobabobedi, ba amogela dikwalo tsa  ditlhopha di le lesome le tsa batho ba le masome a mane. Dikopano di ne di tshwaretswe kwa dikgotleng tsa merafe.<ref>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780857452986|Gulbrandsen 2012]], p.&nbsp;216.</ref> == Dikgakololo == Thomo e ne ya dira dikgakololo tse di latelang mo pegong ya ntlha ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi le motso: * Le fa dikarolo tsa masome a supa le bosupa go tsena tsa masome a supa le borobabongwe di sokamela mo lotlhakoreng longwe, tsone le go kaiwa ga morafe ope fela di tshwanetse go ntshiwa mo molaomotheong ka ntlha ya ka fa beng gae ba di bonang di tlhaola ka teng. * Lefoko "chief" mo molaomotheong, masalela  a bogosi jwa Britain, le tshwanetse go beelelwa ka la Kgosi. * House of Chiefs ya Botswana e tshwanetse go tswelela ka go nna teng  ka e emetse tshwaragano ya lefatshe, e tshwanetse go fetolwa leina go nna Ntlo ya Dikgosi, mo puso e neng ya go dira ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabobedi ka molao wa Bogosi. * Maloko a House of Chiefs ga a tshwanela go letlelelwa go nna maloko a diphathi dipe tsa sepolotiki * Maloko a tshwanetse go tlhophiwa go ya ka mafelo a bone a bogosi, e le tsela ya go tlhama kemedi ya tikologo eseng mofuta o mogologolo wa go tlhopha merafe e e tshwanetseng go nna le maloko mo ntlong. == Ditsibogo == Tautona o ne a galalediwa maiteko a gagwe ke morafe o mmotlana se [[Batswapong]] kwa botlhaba jwa Botswana mme o ne a kgalwa thata ke [[Bangwato|Bamangwato]] ka ba ne ba dumela gore a tlaa baya kgodikgolo wa bone (le mothusa tautona wa nako e o wa Botswana) Ian Khama mo selekanyong se le sengwe le magosi a merafe e mebotlana.<ref>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780857452986|Gulbrandsen 2012]], p.&nbsp;217.</ref> [[Molao wa Bogosi (Botswana)|Molao wa bogosi]] o ne wa fetisiwa ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabobedi, o emelela molao wa pele. Molao o o ne o ntsha tiriso ya lefoko chief o le fetolela kwa go Kgosi. === Phetolo === Phetolo ya dikgakololo e dirilwe ka Moranang ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bobedi ka setlhogo sa pego ya bobedi ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bobedi e e tlhophileng go tlogela tlhopho ya magosi e ntse e tshwana: dikgosi tse di robangbobedi tsa merafe e metona di tlaa nna mo maemong a tsone, tshutiso e House of Chiefs ka bo yone e e tlhomamisitseng.<ref>Ray, Donald I.; Quinlan, Tim; Sharma, Keshav; Clarke, Tacita A.O., eds. (2011). [https://web.archive.org/web/20150209130830/http://dspace.ucalgary.ca/bitstream/1880/48426/5/UofCPress_AfricanChieftaincy_2011.pdf "The Role of the House of Chiefs (''Ntlo ya Dikgosi'') in Botswana]". ''Reinventing African Chieftaincy in the Age of AIDS, Gender, Governance, and Development'' (PDF). Africa, Missing Voices. Vol.&nbsp;8. Calgary: [[:en:University_of_Calgary_Press|University of Calgary]] Press. hdl:1880/48426. ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>978-1-55238-537-1</bdi>. ISSN&nbsp;1703-1826. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 February 2015. Retrieved 27 July 2026</ref> Tautona Mogae o ne a tsaya maeto a mangwe go dikologa lefatshe ka Motsheganong ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bobedi go tshwara dingangisano ka diphetogo tsa mo isagong tsa molaomotheo, mme bontsi jwa beng gae ba ne ba ntse ba sa kgotsofala. Tona wa botsogo [[Joy Phumaphi]] o ne a re phetolo ke maiteko ga e ntshe kgethololo. Matona a mangwe a ne a dumela gore ga ba na nako e e lekaneng go ntsha mafatlha a bone ka tsamaiso ya phetolo.<ref>Ray, Donald I.; Quinlan, Tim; Sharma, Keshav; Clarke, Tacita A.O., eds. (2011). [https://web.archive.org/web/20150209130830/http://dspace.ucalgary.ca/bitstream/1880/48426/5/UofCPress_AfricanChieftaincy_2011.pdf "The Role of the House of Chiefs (''Ntlo ya Dikgosi'') in Botswana".] ''Reinventing African Chieftaincy in the Age of AIDS, Gender, Governance, and Development'' (PDF). Africa, Missing Voices. Vol.&nbsp;8. Calgary: University of Calgary Press. hdl:1880/48426. ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>978-1-55238-537-1</bdi>. ISSN&nbsp;1703-1826. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 February 2015. Retrieved 27 July 2026</ref> Tshekatsheko ya ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa ya Mmadikolo wa Botswana e ne ya lemoga fa palo e e bonalang ya bafetodi e supa fa molaomotheo o tshwanetse go fetolwa gore o lemoge merafe yotlhe e e mo Botswana ka tekatekano.<ref>Nyati-Ramahobo, Lydia (7 January 2009). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130719015526/http://www.minorityrights.org/download.php?id=622 ''Minority Tribes in Botswana: the Politics of Recognition''.] London: Minority Rights Group International. p.&nbsp;16. ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-904584-83-4|978-1-904584-83-4]]</bdi>. Retrieved 27 July 2026</ref> == Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe == * [[Molao wa Bogosi (Botswana)|Molao wa Bogosi]] * [[Ntlo ya Dikgosi tsa Botswana|Ntlo ya Dikgosi]] * [[Kgosi]] == Metswedi == kc05lrrl5h41pk547pqmnmhkmomt3po 0 14656 53969 53231 2026-08-09T13:35:46Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53969 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Botswana location map.svg|thumb|Lefelo la Thuli Block]] Tuli Block ke karolo e tshesane ya lefatshe mo molelwaneng wa botlhaba jwa Botswana e e kgabaganyang Zimbabwe kwa bokone le botlhaba le Aforika Borwa kwa borwa. <ref>[http://www.safari.co.uk/botswana/tuli-block Tuli Block] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Archive.today_guidance][https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archive.today]{{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120909215801/http://www.safari.co.uk/botswana/tuli-block|date=2012-09-09}}</ref>E na le dipolase tsa diphologolo tsa naga tse e leng tse di ikemetseng ka nosi tse di dirang bojanala jwa safari. Karolo e e kwa botlhaba go fitlha kwa Redshield go akarediwa le yone e ile ya bolelwa e le lefelo le le sireleditsweng la diphologolo, le le itsegeng e le Northern Tuli Game Reserve. [[Setshwantsho:Lions Tuli Block Botswana.jpg|thumb|Ditau kwa Tuli Block Botswana]] Tuli e itsege ka mafelo a yona a thutafatshe - Lerako la ga Solomone le le gaufi le [[Noka ya Motloutse]] kwa sekhutlong sa borwabophirima jwa Tuli Block, mmogo le lefelo la yone le le gaufi le Dithaba tsa [[Tswapong]] le Lepokole kwa bagologolwane ba [[batho ba San]] ba neng ba tlogela ditshwantsho tsa bone tsa ditshwantsho tse di takilweng mo lefikeng. Tuli e fitlhelelwa motlhofo ka tsela go tswa mo Afrika Borwa le kwa ditoropong tsotlhe tse ditona tsa Botswana.<ref>[http://www.botswanatourism.co.bw/ Botswana Tourism] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayback_Machine]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090503122813/http://www.botswanatourism.co.bw/|date=2009-05-03}}</ref> == Dipopego tsa lefatshe == Tuli e elela go tswa kwa sekhutlong sa borwabotlhaba jwa [[Botswana]], kwa [[Noka ya Shashe]] le [[Noka ya Limpopo]] di kopanang gone, go ya kwa [[Noka ya Notwane]] e e kwa bokone jwa Olifants Drift kwa Borwa Bophirima. Lefelo lotlhe le le sireleditsweng, go akaretsa le lefelo la safari le le gaufi le Tuli Circle, le bogolo jwa diheketara di le 800 000. Tuli Block e farologane thata le mafelo a mangwe a Botswana. E bidiwa Hardveld ka ntlha ya dithaba tsa yone le mantswe a mantsi a a bopegileng ka ditsela tse di farologaneng le ka botona jo bo farologaneng. Motlhaba o mohibidu wa kgaolo ya Tuli ke selo se se sa lebalesegeng, mmogo le ditlhare tse dikgolo tse di fitlhelwang go bapa le dintshi tsa Limpopo.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.discover-botswana.com/articles/tuliblock.php |title=Discover Botswana |access-date=2026-07-25 |archive-date=2008-05-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080509072845/http://www.discover-botswana.com/articles/tuliblock.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ditso == Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabobedi le masome a robaboedi le botlhano,lefatshe la Boritane le ne la bolela gore le sireletsa Bechuanaland. Dingwaga di le lesome morago ga moo, [[Kgosi Khama III]] o ne a neela Kompone ya Boritane ya Afrika Borwa kgaolo eo. Boikaelelo e ne e le go dira gore lefelo leno le lennye le le nang le matlapa le se ka la tlhaselwa ke balemibarui ba Ba-Boer ba Afrika Borwa. Gape e ne e le mo tseleng e e yang kwa [[Rhodesia]] koo [[Cecil Rhodes]] a neng a ikaeletse go aga seporo sa gagwe go tswa kwa Kapa go ya kwa Cairo. Ka bonako fela Rhodes o ne a lemoga gore lefelo le le neng le kgabaganya dinoka di le mmalwa, melapo le dithaba tse di neng di le fa godimo ga lefatshe le ne le sa siamela go aga seporo sa terena gotlhelele, ka jalo o ne a fetola tsela eo gore e nne tsela e e dirisiwang gompieno, e e tsamayang ka go tshwana mme e kgabaganya dipoa tse di sephaphathi go ela kwa bophirima. BSAC e ne ya aga Fort Tuli go sireletsa lefatshe la yone le dikgomo, mme ka fa letlhakoreng le lengwe e ne ya bona tiriso e nnye ya itsholelo ya block ya Tuli. Tsholofelo ya go bona gouta mo lefelong leo e ne ya fela ka bonako. Ka jalo, morago ga dingwaga di le lesome, khampani eno e ne ya rekisetsa balemibarui ba e seng ba puso lefatshe la yone. Go ise go ye kae ba ne ba lemoga gore lefelo leno le le makgwakgwa, le le tletseng matlapa, le le nang le dinoka tse di nang le merwalela, le ne le sa siamela sepe fa e se fela go rua leruo le lennye. Morago ga [[Ntwa ya Lefatshe]] balemibarui ba ne ba lemoga gore go ne go ka dirwa madi a mantsi mo mmarakeng o o golang wa bojanala go na le go lema ka tlhamalalo. Kgaolo ya Tuli ke lefelo le le nang le bontle jwa tlholego jo bo tlhomologileng le le nang le matlapa a magolo, dimela tse di sa tlwaelegang, diphologolo tse dintsi tsa naga, dinonyane tse dintsi le dilo tse di humileng tsa bogologolo tsa baithutamarope. Seno se ne sa dira gore beng ba lefatshe ba fetole karolo yotlhe ya Strip gore e nne dipolasi tsa diphologolo tsa naga le mafelo a a sireleditsweng a mo go one bajanala ba neng ba ka newa malatsi a boikhutso a a kgethegileng. Gompieno batho ba ka kgona go tsena mo kgaolong ya Tuli fela ka go dirisa dikhampani tsa safari le dipolasi le mafelo ano a a sireleditsweng. Fa go sa nna jalo, batho ba ba etelang lefelo leno ba ka tsena fela mo tseleng e kgolo e e tsamayang mo karolong eno ya toropo. North East Tuli Game Reserve, e e mo motsweding wa dinoka tsa Limpopo le Shashe, ke leina le le kopanetsweng la mafelo a le mmalwa a a ikemetseng ka nosi a a akaretsang Mashatu le Tuli Game Reserves, a a akaretsang lefatshe lotlhe le le kwa bokone jwa [[Noka ya Motloutse]]. Lefelo lotlhe le le nang le mafelo a diphologolo tsa naga di sireleditsweng mo go lone, mafelo a go tsoma le a go sireletsa diphologolo tsa naga le akaretsa diheketara di le 300 000 mme ke lefelo le legolo go a gaisa otlhe le le sireleditsweng la diphologolo tsa naga le le leng mo diatleng tsa poraefete mo Borwa jwa Afrika. Mashatu Game Lodge e na le palo e ntsi go di gaisa tsotlhe ya ditlou mo lefatsheng le le ikemetseng ka nosi. === Ntwa ya Maburu === Palapye o ne a amogetse dikgang ka kgwedi ya Phalane ele lesome leborataro ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabobedi le masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe gore Waterberg commando, ka fa tlase ga Mothusa Molaodi-Kakaretso Frederick A. Grobler, o ne a kokoana mo letlhakoreng la botlhaba la Limpopo kwa Seleka (kgahlano le Ngwapa), gaufi le motlhala o moragonyana o neng wa tshwaiwa mo dimmapeng tsa Aforika Borwa jaaka Groblersbrug. Mo letsatsing le le latelang Khama o ne a laela mophato wa Maolola (kana Mafhiri), o o neng o eteletswe pele ke morwarraagwe Kebailele, go disa borogo jwa seporo sa Mahalapye. Ka di kgwedi ya Phalane ele masome a mabedi le fa ele masome a mabedi le bongwe go ne ga tla tshedimosetso e e nepagetseng ya gore sesole sa ga Grobler se ikaeletse go tlhasela Palapye ka tsela ya ditlhaselo kwa thoteng ya Ngwapa, thoteng ya Sefhare, le kwa Ratholo kwa tlase ga dithaba tsa Tswapong. Khama o ne a romela mophato wa banna ba le makgolo a mane ka yone nako eo go ya go nonotsha Ngwapa, e leng kago e kgolo ya phemelo ya tlholego mo lefelong leo. Diura di le masome a mararo le borataro morago ga moo, masole a le lekgolo a basweu ba Rhodesia ba ne ba goroga kwa seteisheneng sa Palapye Road ba tshotse ditlhobolo tsa dikilogerama di le supa. Ba le 80 ba bone ba ne ba ya kwa toropong ya Palapye, koo kago e kgolo ya kereke e neng ya fetolwa go nna kago e e thata ya phemelo e e neng e le mo teng ga legora le le menaganeng gabedi la mabota a maje, e tletse ka dijo tsa kgwedi yotlhe tsa basweu. Ka kgwedi ya Phalane le masome a mabedi le bobedi , Khama o ne a amogela lekwalo la bofelo go tswa go Frederick Grobler, le le neng le kwadilwe ka tlotlo, le mo itsise ka maikaelelo a Rephaboliki ya Aforika Borwa a go tlhasela. Grobler o ne a tlhagisa Khama gore a se tseye letlhakore. Mo letsatsing le le latelang Khama o ne a araba jaana: 'Fa lo ka tsena le banna ba ba ipapanneng ka dibetsa mo lefatsheng lame, le mo mafelong a dikgomo tsa me di bewang mo go one, ke tla lo lwantsha.' O ne a oketsa ka gore batho ba basweu ba ne ba sireleditswe ke ene. Grobler ga a ka a gatela pele ka bonako. O ne a tshwenngwa ke go palelwa ga go kgoromeletsa kwa bokone ga masole a Marico le Rustenburg go ya kwa Mahalapye ka seporo. Ka go tlhoka bopelotelele, o ne a ikgogela morago le banna ba le makgolo a mane ba ya borwa mme a tlhagelela gape kwa bokone kwa Rhodes' Drift, gaufi le Tuli, go nonotsha Soutpansberg commando ya Commandant van Rensburg - kgatlhanong le masole a British Rhodesian a Colonel Plumer. Kopo ya ga Grobler ya go tlhasela Rhodesia le van Rensburg e ne ya ganwa ke Pretoria. Ka jalo, ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e tlhola ga tlhano Grobler o ne a tla gape kwa kampeng kwa motseng wa Seleka, ka maatlafatso go tswa kwa Soutpansberg commando. Go begwa gore jaanong go ne go na le Ba-Boers ba le makgolo a marataro le masome a mararo le bosupa kwa Seleka ba na le dikoloi tsa ntwa di le masme a robabongwe le bosupa le di-field-piece di le nne, mmogo le batlhabani ba Afrika ba ka nna makgolo a supa le masome a matlhano ba ba ipapanneng ka dibetsa tsa ntwa. Khama o ne a romela mophato o mongwe wa banna ba le makgolo a mararo le bosupa kwa thabeng ya Ngwapa, e e neng e le kago ya phemelo ya tlholego e e neng e le kwa godimo ga mokgatšha - e leng se se neng se dira gore go nne le batlhabani ba le makgolo a supa koo. Ka Labobedi, Ngwanatsele e tlhola ga supa ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabobedi le masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe, mephato e e kopaneng ya Transvaal e ne ya kgabaganya noka ya Limpopo mme ya thuntsha dikolo di le nne kwa Ngwapa. Go tswa foo ba ne ba boela kwa moseja ga noka mme ba simolola go aga kago ya phemelo e e ageletsweng ka mmu. Go ne go se na ope yo o bolailweng mo ntweng eno. Ba kgotsofaditswe ke pontsho eno ya maatla, go kgobokana ga masole a Maburu kwa Seleka go ne ga phatlalala go ya kwa bokone le borwa go bapa le Bechuanaland.<ref>Neil Parsons, ''Brief History of Botswana'', University of Botswana</ref> Soutpansberg commando, ka thuso ya Waterberg, e ne ya dira ditlhaselo go kgabaganya Limpopo mo mephatong ya ga Plumer kwa Rhodes Drift ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ele lesome le borataro kgotsa lesome le borobabobedi. Mme Grobler le van Rensburg ba ne ba phatlalala mme ba latlhegelwa ke maiteko a sesole.<ref>[http://www.thuto.org/ubh/afhist/saw/saw01.htm University of Botswana History Department]</ref> == Dimela le diphologolo == Bontsi jwa lefelo leno ga bo na magora mme seno se letla diphologolo tseno go tsamaya ka kgololosego fa gare ga dinoka tsa [[Motloutse River|Motloutse]] le [[Limpopo River|Limpopo.]] Dimela tsa teng di dintle tota, mme go na le dilo tse di farologaneng tse di kgatlhang. Ditlhare tse ditona tsa nyala le ditlhare tsa yellow barked fever di gola go bapa le dintshi tsa dinoka. Ditlhare tse di bokete tsa sesame di mela mo mafikeng. Ditlhare tse di tlhomologileng tsa [[Mowana]] di fitlhelwa gongwe le gongwe mo ditlhareng tsa koppie. Diphologolo di tshela sentle mo nageng. Di-wildebeest, bokudu , ditshephe, diphala le di-waterbuck di fudugela mo lefelong leno. [[Ditau]] (tse dingwe tsa tsone di nang le menamo e mentsho), mangau le Latotse di latela diphologolo tseno mme di itsalanya le matsomane a magolo a [[Ditlou|ditlou.]] Dithutlwa tsa Nile di dintsi thata mo matamong a magolo a Noka ya Limpopo, mme ka dinako tse dingwe go na le mekgantitswane. Ditshedi tsa dinonyane di ntsifala mo tikologong eno e e farologaneng. Tuli ke nngwe ya mafelo a a molemo thata mo borwa jwa Afrika mo bathong ba ba ratang go ithuta ka dinonyane. Go lemogilwe mefuta e e fetang makgolo a mararo le masome a matlhano ya dinonyane mo lefelong leno, go akaretsa di-rock thrush, di-boulder chats, di-shrikes le di-cormorant. Mefuta e e farologaneng ya di-kingfisher e thuma mo dinokeng le mo melatswaneng, fa di-wadger tsone di nna mo metsing a a seng boteng. Lengau le le sa tlwaelegang la Pel's le le tshwarang ditlhapi le nna mo dintshing tsa dinoka tse dikgolo tse di fa godimo ga tsone, mme le bonwa botoka bosigo. Mo dikarolong tse dingwe tsa Botswana go kgweetsa bosigo ga go a letlelelwa, mme fano, mo lefatsheng la motho ka namana, go na le mafelo a go kgweetsa diphologolo tse di sa bonweng motlhofo mo go one, koo baeti ba ka kgonang go bona ditshedi tse di sa bonweng motlhofo tse di tsamayang bosigo tse di bonwang sewelo motshegare, tse di jaaka lengau, kgama, [[phiri ya naga]] le [[kolobe ya naga]]. Motshegare, batho ba ba nang le maitemogelo ba ba batlang go bona mafelo a a kgatlhang ba ka isa baeng kwa sekgweng ka dikoloi tsa bone tsa maotwana a manè kgotsa ka dinao, fa go palama dibaesekele tsa kwa dithabeng mo ditseleng tse di rulagantsweng gone go ntse go ratwa thata. == Dilo tse di kgatlhang == === Lebota la ga Solomone === Lebota la ga Solomone ke mantswe a basalt, a a bogodimo jwa dimetara di le masome a matlhano a a kileng a nna letamo la tlholego go kgabaganya noka ya Motloutse. Letsha le letona le le neng le le kafa morago ga lone le ne la tlala, le le nang le phororo ya metsi e e neng e elela mo godimo ga letamo leno ka nako ya dipula, e tlogela diminerale tse dintsi tse di jaaka quartz, agate le maje a mangwe a a tlhwatlhwakgolo. E ne e le mo motlhabeng o o kwa godimo ga noka ya Motloutse koo go neng ga fitlhelwa diteemane tsa ntlha tsa alluvial kwa Botswana, e leng se se neng se bontsha gore go ne go tlile go nna le khumo e kana kang. Kwa Molalatu, e e kwa bokone jwa kgaolo ya Tuli, ditlogolwana tsa banni ba koo ba bogologolo di sa ntse di tshela. Baagi ba motse oo ba ba leng mo lekokong la Kereke ya Bokeresete ya Ba-Zion ba ile ba loga leano le le botlhale la go sireletsa leruo la bone mo diphologolong tsa naga tsa mo lefelong leo. Ba tsadisa 'dintša tsa dipodi.' Fa dipotsane di sa ntse di le dinnye ba di naya dipodi tse di anyisang tse di di tshwarang jaaka bana ba tsone. Dintšanyana tseno di gola di akanya gore ke dipodi mme di sa ntse di na le mekgwa ya tsone ya go nna dintša. Fa di ntse di gola di tsamaya le matsomane a dipodi mo sekgweng mme ka tlholego fela di di sireletsa mo dibataneng. Le fa gone di sa tshwane le diphologolo tse dikgolo tsa naga, tsela e di itshwarang ka yone e a gakgamatsa e bile gantsi e tshosa batho ba ba ka nnang ba di tlhasela. Banni ba motse ba di tsaya jaaka selo se se thibelang, mme ba duedisa baeng madi a mannye go bona 'dintša tsa dipodi'. === Dithaba tsa Tswapong le Lepokole === Kgaolo ya Tuli e itsege gape ka dithaba tsa Tswapong le Lepokole tse di leng dikilometara di ka nna lekgolo le masome a mane go ya kwa borwabophirima. Tswapong e kwa botlhaba jwa [[Palapye|Palapye.]] Go ralala dingwaga, dinoka le metswedi ya metsi di ile tsa dira dikhuti tse di boteng mo matlapeng a bogologolo a granite. Diphororo tsa metsi, matamo a matlapa le dimela tse di dikologileng di tlhomologile mo Botswana. <ref>[http://www.botswanatourism.co.bw/tswapongHills.php Tswapong Hills] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayback_Machine]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120515135158/http://www.botswanatourism.co.bw/tswapongHills.php|date=2012-05-15}}</ref> Go tlhakatlhakana ga mantswe a hematite le a granite le kopjes go bopa Dithaba tsa Lepokole, e leng karolo e e kwa bophirima ya [[Dithaba tsa Matobo]] kwa Zimbabwe. Di dikilometara di le lesome le botlhano kwa bokone jwa [[Bobonong]]. Ba-San ba bofelo kwa botlhaba jwa Botswana ba ne ba nna mo dithoteng tseno mme ba tlogela ditshwantsho tsa bone tse dintsi tse di takilweng mo matlapeng le mo dikgageng. Didirisiwa tsa Motlha wa Letlapa le dijana tsa letsopa tsa bogologolo tse di gasagasameng go dikologa dithaba ke bosupi jwa gore go ne go na le batho ba ba neng ba nna koo pele ga moo. <ref>[https://wanderingis.blogspot.com/2011/06/journey-to-lepokole-hills.html The Journey to the Lepokole Hills]</ref> == Metswedi == tkead8kk900pvvvztyyar8w6lczib9n 0 14691 53978 53311 2026-08-09T14:50:06Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53978 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Siyanda Mohutsiwa''' (o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le boraro (1993) ke mokwadi wa puo ya Setswana go tsweng kwa Botswana.<ref>Mohutsiwa, Siyanda (6 March 2014). [http://mg.co.za/article/2014-03-06-african-writing-fact-fiction-or-faction "African writing: Fact, fiction, or faction?".] ''The M&G Online''. Retrieved 8 December 2016</ref> O ne a dira hashtag ya #IfAfricaWasABar e e neng ya anama thata ka selemo sa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015).<ref>[http://tedx.amsterdam/2015/11/satire-fest-brought-on-by-ifafricawasabar-hashtag-an-interview-with-siyanda-moutsiwa/ "#IfAfricaWasABar TEDxAms speaker Siyanda Mohutsiwa would be the owner".] ''TEDxAmsterdam''. 25 November 2015. Retrieved 8 December 2016</ref><ref>[http://www.thegazette.news/?p=12443 "Motswana writer creates waves on social media"]. ''The Botswana Gazette''. 13 August 2015. Retrieved 10 December 2016.</ref> O itlhalosa jaaka Pan-Africanist.<ref>Friedman, Uri (29 July 2015). [https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2015/07/if-africa-was-a-bar-hashtag-twitter/399926/ "What If Africa Was a Bar?". ''The Atlantic''.] Retrieved 8 December 2016.</ref><ref name=":0">Mohutsiwa, Siyanda (24 March 2016). [https://www.ted.com/talks/siyanda_mohutsiwa_how_young_africans_found_a_voice_on_twitter/transcript?language=en "Transcript of "How young Africans found a voice on Twitter"".] ''TED''. Retrieved 8 December 2016.</ref> O ne a neela puo ya TED ya setlhogo se se reng "A Is Africa's Future Online?" Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015),<ref>Mungai, Christine (29 December 2015). [http://www.thecitizen.co.tz/oped/-IfAfricaWasABar-trend--the-girl-behind-it-and-what-it-reveals/1840568-3013254-format-xhtml-10jyndh/index.html "#IfAfricaWasABar trend, the girl behind it and what it reveals".] Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania: The Citizen. Retrieved 10 December 2016.</ref>le e nngwe e bitswang "How young Africans found a voice on Twitter" ka kgwedi ya Hlakola ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borataro (2016).<ref name=":0" /> == Botshelo jwa gagwe jwa pele == Katlo Siyanda Mohutsiwa o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le boraro (1993) kwa [[Swaziland]], kwa mmaagwe a tswang teng mme a fudugela kwa Botswana, kwa rraagwe a tswang teng fa a ne a le monnye thata. Puo ya gagwe ya kwa tshimologong e ne e le [[Seswati]], mme go fuduga ga se fela go go fetotseng puo ya gagwe, mme go mo tliseditse temogo ya go latlhegelwa ke boitshupo jwa gagwe jwa Seswati le go nna karolo ya ditso tse di aroganeng ya boitshupo jwa Seaforika. <ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">Vries, Keith (14 June 2016). [https://www.namibiansun.com/news/put-young-voices-behind-youth-policies "Put young voices behind youth policies".] ''Namibian Sun''. Windhoek, Namibia. Retrieved 10 December 2016.</ref>Fa a fudugela kwa Botswana, Mohutsiwa o ne a latlhegelwa ke bokgoni jwa go bua Seswati mme a nna sebui sa Setswana<ref name=":1" /> == Thuto == Mohutsiwa o weditse dithuto tsa gagwe ka dikirii ya Bachelor of Science mo dipalong go tswa kwa Yunibesithing ya Botswana ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borataro (2016). <ref>Mohutsiwa, Siyanda. [https://twitter.com/SiyandaWrites/status/789862465546784768 "Siyanda Mohutsiwa on Twitter"]. ''Twitter''. Retrieved 8 December 2016.</ref>Siyanda Mohutsiwa o alogile kwa Iowa Writers Workshop kwa a amogetseng MFA go tswa kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Iowa]] ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2018). <ref>Phipps, Kinsey. [https://dailyiowan.com/2019/03/26/speaker-writer-mathematician-multifaceted-mohutsiwa-calls-iowa-city-home/ "Speaker, writer, mathematician: Multifaceted Mohutsiwa calls Iowa City home".] Retrieved Jun 1, 2021</ref>Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi (2020), o ne a tsenela lefapha la Sociology kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Chicag]]<nowiki/>o.<ref name=":2">[https://sociology.uchicago.edu/directory/siyanda-mohutsiwa "Siyanda Mohutsiwa &#x7C; Sociology &#x7C; The University of Chicago".] ''sociology.uchicago.edu''. Retrieved Jun 1, 2021.</ref> == Go kwala == Mohutsiwa o simolotse go kwala a le dingwaga di le tlhano mme fa a le dingwaga di le lesome le bobedi o ne a kwala dikholomo tsa maikutlo mo lokwalodikgannyeng tsa setšhaba. Fa a le dingwaga di le lesome le borataro, o ne a kwala blog e e neng e bua thata ka dikgang tse di jaaka kakanyo ya bantsho, ikonomi le tlhabololo, bosadi, le Pan-Africanism. Blog eno e ne ya tsewa ke diteishene di le mmalwa tsa radio tsa boditšhabatšhaba, go akaretsa le BBC. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le boraro (2013), Mohutsiwa o ne a lalediwa go nna le seabe mo blog ya Zanews, e leng lefelo la boditšhabatšhaba la go ntsha dikakgelo go tswa mo Afrika Borwa. Gape ke mokwadi wa Mail & Guardian,<ref name=":2" /> Siyanda Mohutsiwa e ntse e le lentswe le le kwa godimo mo go kwaleng mo metsweding ya dikgang fa e sale ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014).<ref name=":3">Devichand, Mukul (20 January 2014). [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/blogs-trending-25807724 "#BBCtrending: From #Kangkung to #africannationsinhighschool".] ''BBC News''. Retrieved 8 December 2016.</ref>mmogo le go nna Mmegadikgang yo o Kgethegileng wa Bašwa wa UNICEF, a kwala ka go thapiwa ga bašwa, HIV, kgatelelo ya balekane le ditlhogo tse dingwe.Jaaka karolo ya tiro ya gagwe ya go bega ka dikgang tsa baša, Mohutsiwa o tsere karolo jaaka sebui se se tlhagelelang mo dikhonferenseng, jaaka Khonferense ya bo masome a mabedi le bongwe ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya AIDS e e neng e tshwaretswe kwa Durban, Afrika Borwa.<ref>[http://www.unaids.org/fr/resources/presscentre/featurestories/2016/july/20160718_innovation_adolescents "Faire naître une génération sans sida avec et pour les adolescents". ''UNAIDS'' (in French).] Geneva Switzerland: United Nations. 18 July 2016. Retrieved 10 December 2016.</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, bontsi jwa mekwalo ya gagwe e diragala mo Twitter, koo a lebileng mekgwa ya go dira mo metsweding ya dikgang le go nna le seabe mo dipuisanong tsa setšhaba sa inthanete. Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014), o simolotse hashtag ya tshotlo #africannationsinhighschool, e e neng ya tshwaiwa makgetlo a a fetang 50 000. <ref name=":3" /> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borataro (2016), Siyanda o ne a fudugela kwa Amerika go ya go ikwadisa kwa Iowa Writers Workshop kwa a ithutileng go kwala ka fa tlase ga Lan Samantha Chang, Ethan Canin, Ayana Mathis, Charles D'Ambrosio le Jess Walter.<ref name=":3" />Morago ga go amogela MFA ya gagwe, o ne a ya go dira kwa International Writing Program jaaka mogokaganyi wa Summer Institute<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250512131516/https://issuu.com/uiiwp/docs/summer_institute_program_program "2019 Summer Institute Program".] ''Issuu''. Retrieved Jun 1, 2021.</ref> === Fa e Le Gore Afrika E ne E le Sebaka sa Boitapoloso === Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e le masome a mabedi le bosupa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015), Mohutsiwa o ne a kwala potso go tswa mo akhaontong ya gagwe ya Twitter:<ref>Mohutsiwa, Siyanda. [https://twitter.com/SiyandaWrites/status/625704255429713920 "Siyanda Mohutsiwa on Twitter"]. ''Twitter''. Retrieved 8 December 2016.</ref> "Fa Aforika e ne e le bareng, naga ya lona e ne e tla bo e nwa eng/e dira eng?" Potso e ne ya fetolwa ka bonako go nna hashtag jaaka batho go ralala kontinente ya Afrika ba ne ba simolola go tweeta dikarabo tsa bone, go akaretsa le letshwao la #IfAfricaWasABar. <ref>Gurkan, Esra (8 January 2016). [https://edition.cnn.com/2016/01/08/africa/african-hashtags-2015/ "The best African Twitter hashtags of 2015".] ''CNN''. Retrieved 8 December 2016.</ref> Hashtag e dirisitswe go feta makgetlho a le 61 000. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/magazine-33697019 "#BBCtrending: What would your country be doing if Africa was a bar?".] ''BBC Trending''. 28 July 2015. Retrieved 8 December 2016.</ref>Fa a bodiwa gore ke eng se se mo tlhotlheleditseng go kwala lekwalo la gagwe la ntlha, Mohutsiwa o ne a araba ka go re "Ke ne ke akanya gore e tla nna tsela e e monate ya gore Maaforika a itshege le go tshegisana ka go dira gore go nne monate go bua ka dipolotiki".<ref>Mohutsiwa, Siyanda. [https://twitter.com/SiyandaWrites/status/625933081304801280 "Siyanda Mohutsiwa on Twitter".] ''Twitter''. Retrieved 8 December 2016.</ref> Puisano e ne ya fetogela kwa seraleng se sengwe sa inthanete sa bobegakgang, TedTalks, fa Mohutsiwa a ne a lalediwa go buisana ka gore metswedi ya dikgang e dirisiwa jang go fetola dipuisano tsa loago. O ne a bua ka gore inthanete e fetotse tsela e batho ba tshwarang ka yone le mathata, bokgoni jwa bone jwa go tshwaya diphoso, dipuso tsa bone, dipholisi tsa bone, le boitshupo jwa bone.<ref>Zimela, Zukiswa (4 April 2016). [https://web.archive.org/web/20170906035906/http://www.destinyman.com/2016/04/04/african-youth/ "Young Africans are finding their voices thanks to social media".] ''Destiny Magazine''. Lonehill, South Africa: Ndalo Media. Archived from the original on 6 September 2017. Retrieved 10 December 2016.</ref>O ne a bua ka mokgwa o metswedi ya dikgang e neng ya rotloetsa setso ka teng mo Twitter, e e neng ya tsopolwa gape jaaka tlhaloso e e maleba ke metswedi ya dikgang ya boditšhabatšhaba jaaka The Independent, BuzzFeed, Variety le tse dingwe.<ref>Roettgers, Janko (9 November 2016). [https://variety.com/2016/digital/opinion/election-2016-blame-facebook-twitter-reddit-1201913946/ "Blaming the Media for Trump? Don't Forget Facebook, Twitter and Reddit".] ''Variety''. Los Angeles, California. Retrieved 10 December 2016.</ref><ref>Tait, Amelia (11 November 2016). [http://www.newstatesman.com/science-tech/social-media/2016/11/how-burst-your-social-media-bubble "How to burst your social media bubble"]. ''New Statesman''. London, England. Retrieved 10 December 2016.</ref> == Metswedi == bvi4k1wrwoevdiomiicqhdu3r8xwqq9 0 14723 53979 53880 2026-08-09T14:53:12Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53979 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Skinflint''' ke setlhopha sa mmino wa heavy metal se se tswang kwa [[Gaborone]], [[Botswana.]] <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140414023357/http://www.skinflintmetal.com/the-band Skinflint Official Page] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140414023357/http://www.skinflintmetal.com/the-band|date=14 April 2014}}.</ref>Ba tsenyeleditse dilo tse di tswang mo setsong sa Seaforika mo mminong wa heavy metal, <ref>"Botswana Skinflint Mixes Metal With Its Own History" ''[SVT play]'', retrieved 1 November 2013.</ref>ba ngoka tlhokomelo ya bobegakgang jwa boditšhabatšhaba. <ref name=":0">Tutton, Mark (13 February 2014). [https://edition.cnn.com/2014/02/13/world/africa/africa-botswana-metal-heads/ "Botswana's metal heads still rocking".] ''CNN Inside Africa''. Retrieved 14 February 2014.</ref>Dikgatiso tsa bona, Iklwa,<ref>xFiruath. [http://www.metalunderground.com/reviews/details.cfm?releaseid=5132 "Skinflint (IKLWA) CD"]. ''Metal Underground''. Retrieved 25 May 2001</ref>Gauna<ref name=":1">[http://www.discogs.com/Skinflint-Gauna/release/4029739 "Gauna".] ''Discogs''.</ref>le Dipoko,<ref name=":2">Heron, Linda. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140903133600/http://planetmosh.com/skinflint-dipoko-cover-tracklist-released-26th-july-2013/ "SKINFLINT "Dipoko" – Cover, Tracklist, Released 26th July 2013"]. ''Planet Mosh''. Archived from the original on 3 September 2014. Retrieved 5 July 2013.</ref>di tlotla ditumelo tsa bagologolwane le tsa semoya tsa Seaforika,<ref>Redgrave, Oslo. [https://web.archive.org/web/20130106180958/http://www.egmnow.com/digitalnoob/interview-with-giuseppe-sbrana-of-skinflint/ "Interview with Giuseppe Sbrana of Skinflint".] ''EGMNOW''. Archived from the original on 6 January 2013. Retrieved 4 January 2013</ref>fa setlhopha se santse se tshameka ka mokgwa wa heavy metal ya setso. == Ditso tsa setlhopha == === Tlhamo (2006) === Skinflint e ne ya tlhamiwa ke lead guitarist le vocalist Giuseppe Sbrana<ref>[http://www.metal-archives.com/artists/Giuseppe_Sbrana/59843 "Giuseppe Sbrana".] ''Metal Archives''. Encyclopaedia Metallum. Retrieved 19 April 2011.</ref>ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro (2006). O ne a thapa Kebonye Nkoloso<ref>[http://www.metal-archives.com/artists/Kebonye_Nkoloso/59839 "Kebonye Nkoloso".] ''The Metal Archives''. Encyclopaedia Metallum</ref>ka katara ya bass le Alessandra Sbrana<ref>[http://www.metal-archives.com/artists/Sandra_Sbrana/59834 "Alessandra Sbrana".] ''Metal Archives''. Encyclopaedia Metallum.</ref>ka meropa. Mmino wa Skinflint o tswakanya dikarolo tsa mmino wa setso wa selegae le heavy metal,<ref name=":3">Lex, Von. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190825122139/https://www.metalglory.de/interviews.php?nr=947 "Skinflint "The Metallic Sound Of Southern Africa"".] ''METALGLORY''. Retrieved 26 November 2013</ref> o o tlhotlheleditsweng ke Iron Maiden le Black Sabbath.<ref name=":3" /> === Line-up change: Iklwa era (2007 -2011) === Moropa Alessandra Sbrana o ne a kgaogana le Skinflint ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bosupa (2007), mme a emisediwa ke Mothusi Mahuri.<ref>[http://www.metal-archives.com/artists/Mothusi_Mahuri/59840 "Mothusi Mahuri".] ''Metal Archives''. Encyclopaedia Metallum</ref>Morago ga moo setlhopha se ne sa simolola go kwala Massive Destruction, e e neng ya gololwa ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e le borataro ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe (2009).<ref>[http://www.metalstorm.net/bands/album.php?album_id=67653&band_id=&bandname=Skinflint "Skinflint Massive Destruction".] ''Metal Storm''</ref>Alebamo e ne e ise e ke e abiwe kwa ntle ga Botswana. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome (2010) setlhopha se ne sa rekota alebamo ya bone ya bobedi, Iklwa, mme morago ga moo ya gololwa kwa moletlong wa Whiplash Metal kwa Cape Town, Afrika Borwa ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e le lesome le bongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome (2010). <ref>Heidmann, David. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20210512135617/https://metal4africa.com/features/2010_whiplash/ Stocking up on whoop-ass for Whiplash!".] ''Metal4Africa''. Retrieved 3 December 2010.</ref>Iklwa e ne ya anamisiwa ke Legion of Death records mme morago ke Pure Steel Records.<ref>[http://rateyourmusic.com/release/album/skinflint/iklwa_f1/ "Iklwa".] ''Rate Your Music''</ref> === Motlha wa Gauna (2011 -2012) === Setlhopha se ne sa dira EP ya 7 inch e e bidiwang Gauna<ref name=":1" />le Legion of Death records, e e nang le dipina tse tharo tse di kgethegileng, "Mantis Skull", "Bloody Gqokli", le "Gauna". <ref>[http://legionofdeathrecords.com/?page=lodreleases "Gauna on Legion of Death records".] ''Legion of Death Records''.</ref>Kgatiso e ne gape e na le pina ya "Iklwa" e e neng e tshameka ka tlhamalalo, e le pina ya bonase. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bobedi (2012), setlhopha se ne sa botsolodiwa ke [[Errol Barnett]] wa CNN mme ba ne ba tshameka pina ya setlhogo, "Gauna", ba tshela mo CNN's Inside Africa morago ga puisano.<ref>Barnett, Errol. [["The sound of Botswana's Metal Music".]] ''CNN''. Retrieved 2 July 2012</ref> === Dipoko era (2012 - present) === Mothusi Mahuri o ne a kgaogana le Skinflint, mme Alessandra Sbrana o ne a boela mo tirong ya go tshameka meropa.<ref>Dipholo, Kabelo. [https://web.archive.org/web/20130131121254/http://www.thevoicebw.com/2012/12/28/skinflints-ghostly-2013/ "Skinflint's Ghostly 2013".] ''The Voice''. Archived from the original on 31 January 2013. Retrieved 28 December 2012.</ref>Band e ne ya simolola go rekota Dipoko mme ya golola alebamo kwa Nairobi Rock fest ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bobedi (2012), kwa Nairobi, Kenya.<ref>Van Den Worm, Heinrich. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140913134409/http://www.junkmail.co.ke/blog/2012/12/nairobi-rock-fest-8th-december/ "Nairobi Rock fest 8th December!"]. ''Junk Mail Kenya''. Archived from the original on 13 September 2014.</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le boraro (2013) Dipoko e ne ya gololwa gape ka Pure Steel Records,<ref name=":2" />mme setlhopha se ne sa simolola loeto lwa bone lwa ntlha lwa kwa Yuropa.<ref>Keaketswe, Kabo. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304204512/http://www.dailynews.gov.bw/news-details.php?nid=6552 "Skinflint to rock Sweden".] ''Daily News''. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.</ref> Fa ba boa, setlhopha se ne sa botsolotswa ke Mark Tutton,<ref name=":0" />kwa Giuseppe Sbrana a neng a bua ka go atologa ga bone, le kgatlhego ya bone ka mmino wa African metal. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019), Sbrana o ne a tlogela setlhopha sa mmino ka lekgetlo la bobedi. O ne a emisediwa ke Cosmos Modisaemang. == Metswedi == p1m1i5xdffw7613kuwn4losaa0sfeqy 0 14733 53981 53569 2026-08-09T15:19:33Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53981 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thamaga-Kumakwane''' ke kgaolo ya botlhophi kwa kgaolong ya [[Kweneng]] e e emetsweng ke [[Palelo Motaosane]], mopalamente wa BDP kwa [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|khuduthamageng ya Botswana]] fa e sale ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabongwe. == Popego ya kgaolo ya botlhophi == Kgaolo ya Thamaga-Kumakwane e sale e nna teng fa e sale ka ditlhopho tsa ntlha tsa lefatshe tsa ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robababongwe masome a marataro fa e gaisanelwa e le Kweneng Borwa. Kgaolo e ya botlhophi e kile ya itsege gape ka leina la '''Thamaga,''' pele ga e fetolwa leina go nna Thamaga-Kumakwane go tswa ka dilthopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bone go ya pele. Kgaolo e kwa bophirima jwa Gaborone e diriwa ke metse ya Thamaga le Kumakwane. E akaretsa bontlha jwa masimo a a kwa borwa-botlhaba jwa Botswana le lebante la maage le metse setoropo gareng ga toropokgolo le dikagolo tsa Kweneng. Dikgaolo tsa yone di akaretsa metse e go iwang gaufi le Gaborone go duwa kwa go yone mo Gaborone le metsana e mengwe. Kgaolo e ke nngwe ya tse di santseng di tshwareletswe ke BDP. Jaaka kgaolo ee mabapi ya Moshupa-Manyana, ga ise ke e ise mopalamente ope kwa pusong kwa ntle ga wa BDP. Se se dira gore e nne nngwe ya dikgaolo tsa ditlhopho di le mmalwa mo Botswana kwa BDP e santseng e tshwere boemedi mo go tsone fa e sale ditlhopho tsa ntlha. Mo ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bone, fa BDP e latlhegelwa e le lantlha e fenya fela dikgaolo tsa botlhophi tse nne, Thamaga-Kumakwane e ne e le nngwe ya dikgaolo tse pedi tse phathi e di fentseng. Kgaolo e na le magae a a latelang:<ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20250826203516/https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/2022_Delimitation_Final_Report.pdf 2022 Delimitation Commission Report]'' (PDF). 2022. pp.&nbsp;70–71.</ref> # [[Thamaga]] # [[Kumakwane]] # [[Ramaphatle]] # [[Gakgatla]] # [[Kubung]] == Mapalamente == {| class="wikitable" |+ !Tlhopho !Mofenyi |- |Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a roabongwe masome a marataro le botlhano | rowspan="2" |Johnson Nkoane |- |Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le borobabongwe |- |Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le bone |[[Peter Mmusi]] |- |Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le borobabongwe | rowspan="2" |[[Englishman Kgabo]] |- |Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabaongwe masome a robabaobedi le bone |- |Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabaongwe masome a robabaobedi le borobabongwe |[[Peter Mmusi]] |- |Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robababongwe masome a robabongwe le bone | rowspan="3" |[[Gladys Kokorwe]] |- |Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga a sekete makgolo a robabaongwe masome a robabaongwe le borobabongwe |- |Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bone |- |Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe |John Seakgosing |- |Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bone |[[Tshenolo Mabeo]] |- |Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabongwe | rowspan="2" |Palelo Motaosane |- |Ditlhopho tsa dikete pedi masome amabedi le bone |} == Maduo a ditlhopho == Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bone {| class="wikitable" |+ !Phathi !Ntlhopheng !Ditalama !% !a e oketsegile kgotsa e fokotsegile |- |BDP |Palelo Motaosane |Dikete di le robabobedi makgolo a mararo le lesome |53.29 |e fokotsegile ka 24.15 |- |UDC |Kopano Rannatshe |dikete di le thataro lekgolo lesome le borobabongwe |39.24 |e oketsegile ka 19.96 |- |BCP |Seatla mookodi |sekete, lekgolo, masome a marataro le borataro |7.48 |N/A |- | colspan="2" |Seelo sa phenyo |dikete di le pedi, lekgolo masome a robabongwe le motso |14.05 |e fokotsegile ka 44.11 |- | colspan="2" |Ditlhopho tsotlhe |dikete di le lesome le botlhano, makgolo a matlhano masome a robabongwe le botlhano |98.66 |e fokotsegile ka 0.61 |- | colspan="2" |Tse disenyegileng |makgolo a mabedi lesome le bobedi |1.34 |e oketsegile ka 0.61 |- | colspan="2" |go tla ga batho |dikete di le lesome le botlhano makgolo a robabobedi le bosupa |82.01 |e fokotsegile ka 4.91 |- | colspan="2" |batlhophi ba ba ikwadisitseng |dikete di le lesome ;e borobabongwe makgolo a mabedi masome a supa le botlhano | | |- | colspan="3" |Tse di tshwerweng ke BDP |Phetogo ya tlhopho |E fokotsegile ka 22.05 |} === Ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabongwe === {| class="wikitable" !Phathi !Ntlhopheng !Ditalama !% !a e oketsegile kgotsa e fokotsegile |- |BDP |Palelo Motaosane |Dikete di le lesome le boraro, makgolo a mane masome a marataro le motso |77.43 |e oketsegile ka 28.51 |- |UDC |Ofentse Khumomotse | | | |- |AP |Marie Sola | | | |- | colspan="2" |Seelo sa phenyo | | | |- | colspan="2" |Ditlhopho tsotlhe | | | |- | colspan="2" |Tse disenyegileng | | | |- | colspan="2" |go tla ga batho | | | |- | colspan="2" |batlhophi ba ba ikwadisitseng |dikete di le masome a mabedi, lekgolo masome a mane le bosupa | | |- | colspan="3" |Tse di tshwerweng ke BDP |Phetogo ya tlhopho |E oketsegile ka 26.40 |} == Metswedi == kdv0ji26jqjc99ut1nqz76ywg3fw11p 0 14735 53988 53457 2026-08-09T16:06:02Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53988 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Tshenolo Mabeo|office=Tona wa dipalamo le ditlhaeletsanyo|term_start=2014|term_end=2018|president=[[Ian Khama]] [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]]|party=[[Botswana Democratic Party]]}} '''Tshenolo Mabeo''' ke mopolotiki wa Motswana le tona wa pele wa tsa pereko, le tlhabololo kitso, gape a kile a nna tona wa dipalamo le ditlhaleletsanyo wa [[Botswana|Botswana.]] O tsene mo ofising ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bone.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.bofinet.co.bw/index.php/2015-05-31-11-28-36/speeches-press-releases/118-remarks-by-the-minister-of-transport-communications-honourable-tshenolo-mabeo-during-the-official-launch-of-botswana-hotspots-wifi-project-in-gaborone |title=Archive copy |access-date=2026-07-28 |archive-date=2016-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160911140307/http://www.bofinet.co.bw/index.php/2015-05-31-11-28-36/speeches-press-releases/118-remarks-by-the-minister-of-transport-communications-honourable-tshenolo-mabeo-during-the-official-launch-of-botswana-hotspots-wifi-project-in-gaborone |url-status=dead }}</ref> Tona wa tsa pereko, Mr. Tshenolo Mabeo o itebaganste le go tlhabolola go ntsha maduo mo tirong. Ntlha ya go tlhabolola kitso e tswa kwa lephateng la thuto go ya kwa lephateng la ga M abeo. Lephata le lebelela dintlha tsa pereko le bo le gakolola ka mo go tshwanetseng fa go tlhokega dikitso tse di rileng, ba gakolola ka ditsela tsa go atolosa go tlhabolola gore babereki ba nne le dikitso tse disha go re ba nne ba le posi matseba. Ba bereka gape ka dikgang tsa tiro le tshireletso ya babereki mo go tse dinwge, di akaretsa pabalesego mo tirong. Lefelo la Madirelo Training and Testing le le itsegeng thata le lone le ka fa tlase ga lephata la gagwe ka le bereka ka kitso ya tiro ya diatla. Maduo a a batlegang ke go letla beng gae ba le bansti go tlhama dikgwebo ka dikitso tsa tiro ya diatla tse di tsewang mo dikolong tse. == Metswedi == kofsuhvqpvaiyg7oqcju53r6bdl3l2k 0 14754 53968 53506 2026-08-09T13:34:00Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53968 wikitext text/x-wiki Pitso John Hamilton Mosimane (o tshotswe ka la bo 26 Phukwi 1964) ke motshameki wa pele wa kgwele ya dinao wa seporofešenale wa Aforika Borwa mme ga jaana ke mokatisi. == Playing career == Mosimane o simolotse tiro ya gagwe ya maemo a kwa godimo kwa Jomo Cosmos,morago ga moo,a tshamekela setlhopha sa Orlando Pirates le Mamelodi Sundowns,pele a ka ikopnya le setlhopha sa Greece,sa (Lonikos)go tshameka ka fa tlase ga mokatisi Nikos Alefantos. Mosimane e ne e le mothusa mokatisi wa batshameki ba ba ka fa tlase ga dingwaga di le somenngwe ka nako ya fa a ne a le mo setlhopheng sa Belgium sa KFC Rita Berlaar,morago ga moo o ne a boela kwa Aforika Borwa go ya go katisa batshameki ba Mamelodi Sundowns.[1] Moswi Ted Dumitru o ne a mo tlhotlheletsa go nna mokatisi.[2] Mosimane o tsenetse Supersport United jaaka mothusa mokatisi wa ga Bruce Grobbelaar, morago ga moo o ne a nna mokatisi yo mogolo go tloga ka 2001 go fitlha ka 2007, kwa a neng a fetsa mo maemong a bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2001–02 le 2002–03 mo Liking ya Kgwele ya Dinao ya Bogodimo ya (PSL). Mosimane o dirile jaaka mokatisi wa motlhokomedi wa setlhopha sa bosetšhaba sa Aforika Borwa,se se bidiwang Bafana Bafana, mo metshamekong e le supa ka ngwaga wa 2007,\\pele ga go tlhomiwa ga ga Carlos Alberto Parreira jaaka mokatisi yo mogolo wa setlhopha sa bosetšhaba, yo Mosimane a neng a dira jaaka mothusa mokatisi ka fa tlase ga gagwe ka nako ya Sejana sa Lefatshe sa FIFA sa 2010. Gape o ne a dira jaaka mothusi wa ga Joel Santana ka nako ya Sejana sa Dikopano tsa FIFA sa 2009, motlhatlhami wa ga Parreira mme moragonyana a tla pele ga gagwe. Ka di 15 Phukwi 2010, Mosimane o ne a bidiwa jaaka mokatisi yo mošwa wa Aforika Borwa mme a newa konteraka ya dingwaga di le nne.[1] O fentse motshameko wa gagwe wa ntlha a laola mo phenyong ya 1-0 mo go setlhopheng sa ga Ghana e e neng e le kwa kotareng ya makgaolakgang ya Sejana sa Lefatshe. Aforika Borwa e paletswe ke go tshwanelegela Sejana sa Ditšhaba sa Aforika sa 2012 morago ga gore Mosimane a tshameke ka phoso go lekana mo motshamekong wa bofelo wa go tlhopha kgatlhanong le Sierra Leone, fa tota go ne go tlhokega phenyo.[2] .Ka ngwaga wa 2012, Mosimane o ne a nna mookamedi wa setlhopha sa Mamelodi Sundowns. O fentse Liki ya Ditshimega ya CAF ya 2016 le Mamelodi Sundowns morago ga go fenya Zamalek ya Egepeto ka 3-1 ka palogare,[1] mme seno sa dira gore e nne setlhopha sa bobedi sa Aforikaborwa go e fenya morago ga Orlando Pirates ka 1995. Ka Sedimonthole 2016, Mosimane o ne a bewa mo maemong a bo lesome a mokatisi yo o gaisang mo lefatsheng ka 2016, go ya ka Mokgatlho wa Boditšhabatšhaba wa Hisitori ya Kgwele ya Dinao le Dipalopalo <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://ewn.co.za/2016/12/29/pitso-mosimane-makes-top-10-ranking-for-best-coach|title=Better than Wenger: Pitso Mosimane makes world coaching top 10|last=Koza|first=Neo|access-date=7 January 2017}}</ref> (IFFHS). Ka la bo 5 Ferikgong 2017, Mosimane o ne a gapa sekgele sa Mokatisi wa Ngwaga kwa dikabong tsa Glo-CAF tsa 2016 kwa Abuja, Nigeria morago ga go kaela setlhopha sa Mamelodi Sundowns go ya kwa kgalalelong ya liki ka 2015–16 le go tsaya sekgele sa Telkom Knockout se se neng se raya gore Mosimane o ne a ema a le esi go nna mokatisi yotlhe wa liki Motlha wa PSL.[1] Ka la bo 5 Ferikgong 2017, Mosimane o ne a gapa sekgele sa Mokatisi wa Ngwaga kwa dikabong tsa Glo-CAF tsa 2016 kwa Abuja, Nigeria morago ga go kaela Mamelodi Sundowns go ya kwa kgalalelong ya liki ka 2015–16 le go tsaya sekgele sa Telkom Knockout se se neng se raya gore Mosimane o ne a ema a le esi go nna mokatisi yotlhe wa liki Motlha wa PSL.[1] Mosimane ka kakaretso o tsewa jaaka motsamaisi yo o atlegileng go gaisa mo hisitoring ya kgwele ya dinao ya Aforika Borwa, a fentse dikgele di le tlhano tsa ABSA Premiership le Mamelodi Sundowns.[1] Mo bokhutlong jwa kgwedi ya Lwetse 2020, Mosimane o ne a tlogela tiro ya gagwe ya go nna mokatisi wa Mamelodi Sundowns ..<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/sport/soccer/2020-09-30-exclusive-pitso-mosimane-resigns-as-sundowns-coach-set-to-join-al-ahly/|title=EXCLUSIVE: Pitso Mosimane resigns as Sundowns coach, set to join Al Ahly|date=30 September 2020}}</ref> Ka di 30 Lwetse 2020, Mosimane o ne a itsisiwe gore ke mokatisi yo mogolo wa Al Ahly.[11] E ne e le Moaforika wa ntlha yo e seng wa Egepeto go laola tlelapo eno.[12] Ka di 27 Ngwanaitseele 2020, Mosimane o ne a etelela Al Ahly pele go ya kwa sekgeleng sa bone sa bo 9 sa liki ya Ditshimega tsa CAF, morago ga go fenya makgaolakgang a 2020 kgatlhanong le bagaisani ba bone ba Zamalek, <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 November 2020 |title=Pitso: South Africa has lot of respect for Al Ahly, half of Sundowns fans support the Reds |url=https://www.kingfut.com/2020/11/28/pitso-mosimane-champions-league-final/ |website=kingfut.com}}</ref> le go tshwanelegela Sejana sa Lefatshe sa Ditlhopha sa FIFA sa 2020, <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 February 2021 |title=Club World Cup: Al Ahly's 'Chosen One' coach draws strength from Nelson Mandela |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2021/02/03/football/pitso-mosimane-al-ahly-club-world-cup-cmd-spt-intl/index.html |website=CNN}}</ref> kwa ba neng ba feleletsa ba le mo maemong a boraro ka penalty ya Palmira . <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 February 2021 |title=Al Ahly beat Palmira's to clinch third place at Club World Cup |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/africa/56033530 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> Ka di 6 Sedimonthole 2020, o ne a etelela pele Al Ahly go fenya Sejana sa Egepeto . Ka Motsheganong 2021, o ne a kaela setlhopha sa kgwele ya dinao go fenya Sejana sa Super sa Aforika kgatlhanong le RS Berkane kwa Doha, kwa Qatar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Al Ahly v RSB Berkane Match Report, 5/28/21, CAF Super Cup {{!}} Goal.com |url=https://www.goal.com/en-us/match/al-ahly-v-rsb-berkane/e97teey0q0bv9uig0oqiz52c4 |access-date=9 June 2021 |website=www.goal.com}}</ref> Ka di 17 Phukwi 2021, Al Ahly e ne ya fenya sekgele sa yone sa bobedi sa liki ya Bommampodi ba CAF ka fa tlase ga Mosimane mme sa bo 10 ka kakaretso morago ga go fenya [[Kaizer Chiefs F.C.|Kaizer Chiefs]] ka 3-0 mo makgaolakgannyeng . <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 July 2021 |title=Egypt's Al Ahly beat Kaizer Chiefs 3-0 to win record tenth African crown |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/africa/57833344 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> Rory Smith o ne a nganga gore nako eno ya dikgwedi di le robedi, e mo go yone Al Ahly e neng ya gapa dikgele di le tharo, e dirile gore Mosimane e nne mongwe wa batsamaisi ba ba gaisang mo kgweleng ya dinao ya lefatshe mo ngwageng. <ref name="RorySmith">{{Cite web |last=Smith |first=Rory |date=16 January 2022 |title=When Two Champions Leagues Titles in Eight Months Don't Count |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/16/sports/soccer/fifa-best-pitso-mosimane.html |access-date=18 January 2022 |website=The New York Times}}</ref> Ka Sedimonthole 2021, o ne a fenya Sejana se sengwe sa Aforika kwa Qatar kgatlhanong le Raja Casablanca . <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 December 2021 |title=Late drama as Al Ahly lift CAF Super Cup for eighth time in history |url=https://www.kingfut.com/2021/12/22/al-ahly-win-caf-super-cup/ |website=kingfut.com}}</ref> Ka di 13 Seetebosigo 2022, Al Ahly e ne ya amogela kopo ya ga Mosimane ya go tlogela tiro ya go nna motsamaisi wa bone. <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 June 2022 |title=Al Ahly and Mosimane Agree to Part Ways |url=https://www.alahlyegypt.com/en/news/article/34905 |website=Al Ahly}}</ref> Ka di 25 Lwetse 2022, Mosimane o ne a tlhomiwa go nna motsamaisi wa tlelapo ya Al-Ahli Jeddah ya Saudi Arabia . <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 September 2022 |title=OFFICIAL: Pitso Mosimane announced as Al Ahli Jeddah's head coach |url=https://www.kingfut.com/2022/09/25/pitso-mosimane-al-ahli-jeddah-coach/ |website=kingfut.com}}</ref> O ne a tsamaya ka Seetebosigo 2023 morago ga go ba kaela go tlhatlhosiwa maemo, mme o ne a boletse fa ene le badiri ba gagwe ba setegeniki ba sa duelwa fa e sale ka Ferikgong. <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 June 2023 |title=Pitso Mosimane leaves Al Ahli |url=https://www.sabcnews.com/sabcnews/pitso-mosimane-leaves-al-ahli/ |access-date=14 June 2023 |website=SABC News |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Will Pitso Mosimane end up at Kaizer Chiefs? Ex-Bafana coach leaves Al Ahli |url=https://www.msn.com/en-za/sport/american-football/will-pitso-mosimane-end-up-at-kaizer-chiefs-ex-bafana-coach-leaves-al-ahli/ar-AA1cuXZ6 |access-date=14 June 2023 |website=MSN |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Ka la 18 Seetebosigo 2023, ka bonako fela morago ga go tswa kwa Al Ahli Jeddah, Mosimane o ne a tsenela setlhopha sa Abu Dhabi sa Al Wahda mmogo le badiri ba gagwe ba setegeniki. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Bye Saudi, hello UAE! Pitso Mosimane lands head coach role with Al Wahda |url=https://www.news24.com/sport/soccer/psl/bye-saudi-hello-uae-pitso-mosimane-lands-head-coach-role-with-al-wahda-20230618 |access-date=18 June 2023 |website=news24}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/sport/soccer/2023-06-18-pitso-mosimane-joins-uae-side-al-wahda/|title=Pitso Mosimane joins UAE side Al Wahda|access-date=18 June 2023}}</ref> Moragonyana mo ngwageng oo, ka Ngwanaitseele a le 10, Al-Wahda e ne ya itsise go fedisiwa ga konteraka le Mosimane ka tumalano ya bobedi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 November 2023 |title=Mosimane parts ways with Al-Wahda after four months |url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/sport/soccer/2023-11-10-mosimane-parts-ways-with-al-wahda-after-four-months/ |publisher=TimesLIVE}}</ref> Ka la bo 26 Ferikgong 2024, Mosimane o ne a tsenela setlhopha sa Saudi Arabia sa Abha ka konteraka ya dikgwedi di le nne e e neng e tla mo isa kwa bokhutlong jwa setlha. <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 January 2024 |title=Pitso Mosimane takes on new challenge in Saudi Arabia |url=https://farpost.co.za/2024/01/26/pitso-mosimane-takes-on-new-challenge-in-saudi-arabia/ |access-date=30 January 2024 |website=FARPost}}</ref> Ka di 18 Diphalane 2024, Mosimane o ne a tlhomiwa go nna mokatisi wa setlhopha sa Iran sa Esteghlal mo Liking ya Pro ya Kgogometso ya Peresia . <ref>{{Cite web |title=پیتسو موسیمانه سرمربی استقلال شد؛ پایان روزهای بلاتکلیفی |url=https://football360.ir/post/20241018100/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%88-%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87-%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%B4%D8%AF-%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%AE-%D8%A2%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%87%D8%A7 |access-date=18 October 2024 |publisher=[[فوتبال ۳۶۰]] |archive-date=12 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241112191459/https://football360.ir/post/20241018100/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%88-%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87-%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%B4%D8%AF-%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%AE-%D8%A2%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%87%D8%A7 |url-status=dead }}</ref> O fedisitse konteraka ya gagwe ka la bo 28 Ferikgong 2025 le Esteghlal ka ntlha ya mathata a madi. Dipholo tsa gagwe ka nako ya fa a ne a le kwa Esteghlal di ne di le bokoa thata. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Ditshameko le dino go ya ka setlhopha sa bosetšhaba le ngwaga wa ! Setlhopha sa bosetšhaba ! Ngwaga ! Ditiriso ! Dino |- | rowspan="2" | Aforika Borwa | 1993 | 2 | 1 |- | 1994 | 2 | 0 |- ! colspan="2" | Palogotlhe ! 4 ! 1 |} [[Karolo:Pages with unreviewed translations]] i2job6ed19x011stzuhstcs9q909a4r 0 14761 53991 53718 2026-08-09T16:15:29Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53991 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tumelo ya Baháʼí mo Botswana''' e simolola morago ga gore [[ʻAbdu’l-Bahá]], yo ka nako eo e neng e le moeteledipele wa Tumelo ya Baháʼí, a kwale makwalo a a neng a rotloetsa go isa bodumedi jono kwa Afrika ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongweble lesome le borataro. Babulatsela ba ntlha ba Baháʼí ba ne ba goroga mo Botswana mo e ka nnang ka kgwei ya Phalane ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano la bone, koo ba neng ba nna ditsala le Maaforika a mantsi. Ditlhopho tsa ntlha tsa Khuduthamaga ya Sechaba ya Semoya ya Baháʼí kwa Botswana e ne e le ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le bosupa . Palo ya sechana ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe e bala Baháʼí ba ka nna makgolo a supa.<ref name=":6">[https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2005/51449.htm International Religious Freedom Report 2005: Botswana.] United States Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (September 14, 2005). ''This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.''</ref>Le fa go ntse jalo, Mokgatlho wa Dipolokelo Tshedimosetso tsa Bodumedi o ne wa akanyetsa gore go ne go na le Baháʼí ba ka nna dikete di le lesome le borataro le makgolo a matlhano mo Botswana go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome. == Legato la ntlha == === Matlapa a ga Abdu'l-Bahá a Thulaganyo ya Bomodimo === ʻAbdu’l-Bahá o ne a kwalela balatedi ba tumelo kwa United States motseletsele wa makwalo, kgotsa matlapanakwalelo, ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le borataro goya ko go wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le bosupa (1916–1917)makwalo ano a ne a kokoanngwa mmogo mo bukeng ya Matlapa a Thulaganyo ya Bomodimo. Ya borobedi le ya bolesomepedi ya matlapanakwalelo ano e ne e umaka Afrika mme e ne ya kwalwa ka kgwedi ya Moranang a le lesome le borobabongwe ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le borataro le ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ale lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bongwe ka go latelana. Le fa go ntse jalo, go gatisiwa ga yone go ne ga diega kwa United States go fitlha ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le borobabongwe—morago ga bokhutlo jwa Ntwa ya Lefatshe I le mokgotlhwane wa Spain. Matlapa ano a ne a ranolwa le go tlhagisiwa ke Mirza Ahmad Sohrab ka Moranang e tlhola gane ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le robabongwe , mme a gatisiwa mo makasineng wa Star of the West ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ele lesome le bobedi ngwaga wa,sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le robabongwe .<ref>Abbas, ʻAbdu'l-Bahá (April 1919). [https://bahai-library.com/abdulbaha_tablets_instructions_explanation ''Tablets, Instructions and Words of Explanation''.] Mirza Ahmad Sohrab (trans. and comments).</ref>ʻAbdu'l-Bahá o umaka go tsamaya ga ga Baháʼís "...bogolo jang go tswa kwa Amerika go ya kwa Yuropa, Afrika, Asia le Australia, le go tsamaya go ralala Japane le China. Fela jalo, go tswa kwa Jeremane barutisi le badumedi ba ka nna ba tsamaya go ya kwa dikontinenteng tsa Amerika, Aforika, Japane le China; ka bokhutshwane, ba ka nna ba tsamaya mo dikontinenteng tsotlhe le ditlhaketlhake tsa lefatshe le "bongwe jwa m"<ref>[[:en:ʻAbdu'l-Bahá|Abdu’l Bahá]] (1991) [1916-17]. ''[https://reference.bahai.org/en/t/ab/TDP/tdp-8.html.iso8859-1 Tablets of the Divine Plan]'' (Paperback&nbsp;ed.). [[:en:Wilmette,_Illinois|Wilmette, Illinois]]: US Baháʼí Publishing Trust. pp.&nbsp;47–59. [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-87743-233-3|ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>0-87743-233-3</bdi>]].</ref> neela bana botlhe ba batho botshelo jo bosha, mme motlaagana wa kagiso ya lobopo lotlhe o tlhomiwe mo setlhoeng sa Amerika ka jalo Yuropa le Aforika di ka tshedisiwa ka mewa ya Mowa o o Boitshepo, lefatshe leno le ka nna lefatshe le lengwe, sepolotiki sa mmele se ka fitlhelela boitumelo jwa sesha.<ref>[[:en:ʻAbdu'l-Bahá|Abdu’l Bahá]] (1991) [1916-17]. ''[https://reference.bahai.org/en/t/ab/TDP/tdp-12.html.iso8859-1 Tablets of the Divine Plan]'' (Paperback&nbsp;ed.). [[:en:Wilmette,_Illinois|Wilmette, Illinois]]: US Baháʼí Publishing Trust. pp.&nbsp;82–89. [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-87743-233-3|ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>0-87743-233-3</bdi>]].</ref> == Tshimolodiso ya Badumedi == Go tlhongwa ga baagi Bodumedi bo gorogile mo lefelong leno ka nako ya bokhutlo jwa motlha wa Bechuanaland Protectorate, naga e e neng e le teng pele ga bokoloniale, ka fa tlase ga Kopano ya Aforika Borwa. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le boraro Shoghi Effendi, tlhogo ya bodumedi morago ga loso lwa ga ʻAbdu’l-Bahá, o ne a rulaganya thulaganyo ya boditšhabatšhaba ya go ruta e e bidiwang Ntwa ya Bokeresete ya Dingwaga di le Lesome.<ref name=":0">National Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of South Africa (1997). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20080408202119/http://www.bahai.org.za/cm/node/19 Baháʼís in South Africa - Progress of the Baháʼí Faith in South Africa since 1911"]. ''Official Website''. National Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of South Africa. Archived from the original on 8 April 2008. Retrieved 2008-03-19</ref>Ka nako ya thulaganyo babulatsela ba ne ba fudugela kwa mafatsheng a le mantsi go akaretsa le Botswana go tswa kwa mafelong. Se e ne e le ka nako ya kgolo e e anameng ya bodumedi go ralala Aforika e e kwa Borwa jwa Sahara gaufi le bokhutlo jwa paka ya Bokoloniale jwa Aforika.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20071209082606/http://philtar.ucsm.ac.uk/encyclopedia/sub/geness.html Overview Of World Religions".] ''General Essay on the Religions of Sub-Saharan Africa''. Division of Religion and Philosophy, University of Cumbria. Archived from [http://philtar.ucsm.ac.uk/encyclopedia/sub/geness.html the original] on 2007-12-09. Retrieved 2008-04-16.</ref>Maikaelelo a go tlhoma go nna teng ga Baháʼí kwa Bechuanaland a ne a abelwa Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Iran e e neng e sa ntse e dira ka nako eo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304022718/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=03&page=863 Guardian's Message to the Africa Intercontinnental Conference".] ''Baháʼí News''(281): 1–3. March 1953. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Le fa go ntse jalo, ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ngwaa wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a malthano le borarogo goroga ga bosheng ga lelapa la ga Johnson go tswa kwa Amerika ka nako eo kwa Aforika Borwa go ne ga bona go goroga ga ga John le Audrey<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140808052834/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=04&page=6 Pioneer Letters; Excerpts from Pioneer Letter to the Africa Teaching Committee; ''Johannesburg, March, 1954''".] ''Baháʼí News'' (281): 6. July 1954. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212].</ref>Robarts le morwawe Patrick le morwadie Nina go tswa kwa Canada ba ba neng ba thusiwa go fitlha kwa Mafeking<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304063819/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=03&page=1063 Pioneer Letters; Excerpts from Pioneer Letter to the Africa Teaching Committee; ''Edith and Lowell Johnson, Cape Town, South Africa''".] ''Baháʼí News''(280): 15. June 1954. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212].</ref>(ka nako eo kwa Bechuanaland) jaaka babulatsela ba Baháʼí kwa ba neng ba goroga teng ka kgwedi ya Phalame,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le bone <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304001943/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=04&page=64 Temple Land in Johannesburg".] ''Baháʼí News''(280): 4. October 1954. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>ba ne ba fetolwa go nna ba-Baháʼí. naga e e neng ya bona sereto sa Mogale wa Baháʼu’lláh go tswa go tlhogo ya Tumelo ya nako eo, e bong Shoghi Effendi.<ref name=":1">[https://news.bahai.org/story/356 Minister praises Baháʼí activities".] ''Baha'i World News Service''. Baháʼí International Community. 14 March 2005. Retrieved July 12, 2013.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le boraro go ne go na le dikopano di le pedi; ditlhopha di le supa, le leloko le le lengwe le le kgaoganeng.Ba lelapa la ga Robart ba ne ba tsene mo bodumeding jono ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mararo le borobabobedi mme fa go ne go tlhomiwa Kokoano ya ntlha ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Canada ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mane le borobabobedi , John o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetulo, e leng tiro e a neng a e dira go fitlha ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a mane le masome a matlhano le boraro fa ba ne ba fuduga.<ref name=":2">Paccassi Pat (August 2011). "[http://www.bahaihistorycaribbean.info/Hands_visits_to_St_Lucia_.pdf Visits of the Hands of the Cause of God to St. Lucia"] (PDF). ''Some information about the Hands of the Cause of God''.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le bone Seatla sa Lebaka, Musa Banani o ne a tlhoma John go nna Leloko la Boto e e Thusang mme lelapa le ne la ya loetong lwa bodumedi lwa Baháʼí. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano Lally Warren o ne a gakologelwa gore fa a ne a le ngwana yo monnye kwa Mafikeng go ne go sa tlwaelega go kopana le batho basweu ba ba neng ba mo itumedisa ka jalo o ne a dumela gore batho basweu botlhe ba bosula.<ref name=":1" />Seo se ne sa fetoga fa a kopana le lelapa la ga Robarts. <ref name=":3">[https://bahai-library.com/hassall_bahai_communities_country#16 Hassall Graham (2000). "Baháʼí Communities by Country: Research Notes".] ''Essays and short articles and Research notes''. Baháʼí Library Online</ref>"Ba ga Robart ba ne ba sa ntshware jaaka ngwana yo montsho, ba ne ba ntshwara jaaka ngwana," she said. O ne a gakologelwa fa a ne a le dingwaga di le lesome mme lelapa la ga Robarts le ne le tla kwa ntlong ya gagwe go tla go kopana le batsadi ba gagwe, James le Stella Moncho, banyalani ba ntlha ba lefelo leo go nna Baháʼí, "Ba ne ba kgona go dira seno fela bosigo, mme fa ba tla ba lebile ntlo ba ne ba tla tshuba dipone tsa bone tsa [koloi] le go di tima go re, 'Is can it... motlakase mo lefelong le lentsho mo malatsing ao ka jalo mmè o ne a tsaya lebone a bo a le ntsha ka fensetere a bo a le tsoka go re, 'Go siame, go babalesegile gore o tle.'"<ref name=":1" /> Lelapa la ga Robarts le ne la nna tsala le Modiri Molema, ngaka ya kalafi e e tlotlegang thata e bile e le ene fela montsho yo o neng a letleletswe go tsalana le basweu.<ref name=":1" /> Dr. Molema o ne a laletsa ditsala tsa gagwe le ba lelapa la gagwe go tla go utlwa ka bodumedi jono, mme o ne a naya lelapa la ga Robarts makwalo a go itsise Kgosi (dikgosi tsa setso) tsa Bechuanaland Protectorate. Dr. Molema o ne a sokologela mo bodumeding mme go ikwadisa ga gagwe ga go a ka ga itsisiwe phatlalatsa ka ntlha ya go ka tswa go ne go tshwenngwa ka ntlha ya go nna le seabe ga gagwe mo dipolotiking tsa maemo a a kwa godimo mo nakong e e fetileng. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le botlhano wa losika lwa gagwe, Stanlake Kukama, o ne a nna Motswana wa ntlha wa lefatshe la Bechuanaland go nna Mo-Baháʼí yo o boletsweng phatlalatsa. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano Kukama o ne a gakologelwa gore e ne e le molweladitshwanelo tsa tlhaolele, mme e ne e le leloko la lekoko la sepolotiki la Aforika Borwa, African National Congress mme o ne a tlhoile batho ba basweu ka ntlha ya boikutlo jwa bone ka Maaforika mme seo se ne sa fetoga fa a utlwa ka Tumelo ya Baháʼí go tswa mo lelapeng la ga Robarts: "Ka Iháíʼard the59. melaometheo ya Tumelo e ne e le tharabololo ya go [fitlhelela] kagiso le kutlwano mo bathong.... Ke ne ka lemoga gore basweu le bantsho botlhe ba ne ba sa bone boammaaruri, ba ne ba sena leitlho la moya Ka jalo, ke ne ka nna Mo-Baháʼí tharabololo ya go tshegetsa The National1. dingwaga di le dintsi ntle le katlego. Mapodise a ne a nna a mo beile leitlho le fa a sena go nna Mo-Baháʼí ka gonne ba ne ba sa dumele gore o tlogetse dipolotiki tsa lekoko. Moragonyana Rre Kukama o ne a direla dingwaga di le dintsi e le leloko la Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Baháʼí ba Bophuthatswana le ba Aforika Borwa.<ref name=":1" /> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le borataro Tumelo ya Baháʼí e ne e le teng ka dipalo tse dinnye go ralala mafatshena le lesome le botlhano a borwa jwa Afrika. Go tsamaisa merafe e go ne ga tlhophiwa ga khuduthamaga ya secahaba ya Semoya ya kgaolo mo Aforika Borwa Bophirima go ba akaretsa. <ref name=":4">Compiled by [http://bahai-library.com/handscause_statistics_1953-63&chapter=1 Hands of the Cause Residing in the Holy Land. "The Baháʼí Faith: 1844-1963: Information Statistical and Comparative, Including the Achievements of the Ten Year International Baháʼí Teaching & Consolidation Plan 1953-1963".] pp.&nbsp;25, 59.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le borataro John Robarts o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la yone.<ref name=":3" />Mo tshimologongbya ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le bosupa setšhaba sa Baháʼí se ne se le batho ba ba fa gare ga lesome le masome a mabedi mme sa nna karolo ya kokoano ya bosetšhaba ya kgaolo ya Afrika Borwa le Bophirima. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le boraro go ne go na le dikopano di le pedi; ditlhopha di le supa, le leloko le le lengwe le le kgaoganeng.<ref name=":2" /> Bokopano bo ne bo le kwa [[Lobatse]], le kwa [[Mahalapye]] le ditlhopha kwa [[Gaborone]], [[Ghanzi]], [[Kopong]], [[Mafeking]], [[Molepolole]], [[Morwa]], [[Serowe]], le Mobaháʼí yo o nosi kwa Moeng (e e gaufi le Dithaba tsa Tswapong).<ref name=":4" /> == Tlhabololo ya Sechaba == Morago ga loso lwa ga Shoghi Effendi, Ntlo ya Bosiamisi ya Lefatshe Lotlhe e e tlhophilweng e ne e le tlhogo ya bodumedi mme ya simolola go rulaganya sešwa merafe ya Baháʼí ya Aforika, go akaretsa le Botswana, ka go kgaoganya merafe ya bosetšhaba go bopa Dikokoano tsa bona tsa Bosetšhaba go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bone le fa e le ka dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bosuap kokoano e ntšhwa e e tlhophilweng ya kgaolo ya Aforika Borwa Bogare, ka nako eo e ne e akaretsa dinaga tsa Botswana, Malawi le Rhodesia.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304022750/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=06&page=647 Newly-elected National Spiritual Assembly of South Central Africa…".] ''Baháʼí News'' (437): 11. August 1967. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212].</ref> a yone e ne e le: Willard Mahtunge, Florence Fat’he-Aazam, Esther Moncho, Esther Glauder, Brian Eames, Enayat Sohaili, Leonard Chiposi, Helen A. Hope, le John D. Sargent Sr. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa Sekolo sa Bašwa sa Bosetšhaba sa ntlha mo Botswana se ne sa tsenelwa ke bašwa ba feta masome a mararo, bagolo le barutabana.<ref>“[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304063129/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=07&page=691 Botswana First Youth Institute"]. ''Baháʼí News''(477): 11. December 1970. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Morago ga dithuto banana ba ne ba etela metse e le meraro e e neng e rulagantswe pele ke kokoano ya setshaba ka tumelelo ya dikgosi tsa selegae kwa ba neng ba ntsha puo e e neng e amogetswe sentle e e neng e ba baakanyeditswe segolobogolo. Ka ntlha ya go amogelwa ga puo ba ne ba lalediwa kwa metseng e mengwe e merataro ke dikgosi tsa metse eo mme kgabagare ba tlhagisa bodumedi mo bathong ba ba ka nnang makgolo a supa ba ba neng ba le teng kwa dipuong tseo. Go ne ga begwa gape ka loeto lono mo radiong ya lefelo leo. Moragonyana Baháʼí ba ntlha go tswa kwa Ba-Bushmen le kwa Ba-Kgalagadi ba ne ba tsene mo bodumeding jono. Nako e ne ya goroga ya gore go tlhophiwe Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Baháʼí ya Botswana e e neng ya tlhophiwa ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa.<ref name=":5">[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304063233/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=08&page=37 Progress Report of Botswana".] ''Baháʼí News''(492): 12–13. March 1972. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Maloko a yone mo ditlhophong tsa ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bongwe e ne e le:<ref name=":5" />Stanley Matenge, Esther Moncho, Isaac Kgang, Dennis Makiwa, Maureen Gruber, Robert Sarracino, Bogatlu Pheto, Jeffrey Gruber, le Broer Oageng. Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bongwe go ne ga dirwa dipuo tsa ntlha tsa phatlalatsa ka ga bodumedi kwa Gaborone mme tsa gasiwa mo Radio Botswana ka setlhogo se se reng "Ditumelo tsa Setso tsa Aforika le Kutlwano ya Madumedi a Lefatshe".<ref name=":5" />oTshekatsheko ya morafe e ne ya lemoga gore kokoano ya bosetšhaba le dikokoano tsa selegae di le tlhano di ne di tsentse le go kwadisa le puso. Go tswa foo kokoano ya bosetšhaba e ne ya nna beng ba semolao ba lefelo la bosetšhaba la Baháʼí. Mafelo a le masome a marataro le bosuap a ne a tsentswe mo bodumeding mme go ne go weditswe go ranolwa ga dikwalo dingwe tsa Se-Baháʼí. Dikgosi di ka nna masome a mane mo maemong a a farologaneng di ne di rometswe melaetsa ke kokoano ya bosetšhaba ka bodumedi jono. Go ne go etetswe metse e le masome a matlhano le bosupa mme go ne ga felela ka gore go nne le dikopano tsa bontsi. Go ne go na le babulatsela ba le banè fela ka nako eo. Motse wa Boneapitse o ne o lemogiwa e le bontsi jwa Baháʼí. Kokoano ya selegae ya Ba-Bush botlhe e ne ya tlhophiwa la ntlha kwa Tshasane ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bonedi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304063712/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=08&page=584 Bushman Assembly". ''B'']''aháʼí News'' (492): 6. February 1974. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Fa e tlhophiwa gape ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le boraro maloko a yone e ne e le: Ci-!Gau, !'ea, Titi, Diolo, Kaka, Mashipa, N!!g<nowiki>''</nowiki>ae-!Nobo, Baberi, Mpalo. Sekaka sa Kalahari (se se bontshiwang ka mmala o mohibidu) le Mogobedi wa Kalahari (mmala wa lamune) Sekolo sa ntlha sa bosetšhaba sa selemo se ne sa diragala ka kgwedi ya Morule ele masome a mabedi le borobabongwe go ya go ko go ya Hirikgonge tlhola bone ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le borobabongwe go ya ko ngwageng wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi- mme sa latelwa ke khonferense ya kgaolo ka ga go itsisiwe ga bodumedi ka botsayakarolo jwa Lobatse, Jwaneng, le Kanye mo godimo ga maloko a kokoano ya bosetšhaba le maloko a thuso ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole. Ka<ref>. ''Baháʼí News'' (594): 12. September 1980. ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.</ref> kgwedi ya Phatwe,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bongwe bokopano jwa ntlha ya boditšhabatšhaba ya Botswana e ne ya tsenelwa ke bagolo le bana ba le lekgolo le masome a matlhano go tswa kwa mafatsheng a le supa.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (599): 14. February 1981. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bone Baháʼís ba Gaborone ba ne ba tshwara dikopano di le mmalwa tsa phatlalatsa - e nngwe e ne e tlhomolola Letsatsi la UN le badiredibagolo ba le mmalwa ba toropo ba neng ba le teng kwa go lone, e nngwe e ne e le le Mogakolodi yo o etileng Hooper Dunbar e le yone e neng e begwa ke dikgang tsa thelebishene le radio.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (647): 15. February 1985. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le botlhano Baháʼí ba ne ba lalediwa kwa seminareng e e neng e bua ka ditumelo kwa Yunibesithing ya Batswana.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (654): 15. September 1985. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Bašwa ba feta lekgolo ba ne ba kopana kwa khonferenseng ya boditšhabatšhaba ya bašwa ka Phatwe e e neng ya bulwa ke motlatsamopresidente wa nako eo wa Botswana - [[Peter Mmusi]]<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (657): 14. December 1985. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Ngwaga oo gape e ne e le one fa Tsholofetso ya Kagiso ya Lefatshe Lotlhe ya Ntlo ya Bosiamisi e ne ya neelwa moporesidente wa nako eo wa Botswana, [[Quett Masire]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304022915/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=11&page=565 Governments receive peace statement".] ''Baháʼí News'' (659): 14. February 1986. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304111222/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=12&page=228 The Promise of World Peace".] ''Baháʼí News''(683): 2–3. February 1988. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>mmogo le go ranolwa ka Setswana<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304003818/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=12&page=89 The Promise of World Peace"]. ''Baháʼí News''(675): 12. June 1987. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> jaaka karolo ya go keteka ka kakaretso Ngwaga wa Boditšhabatšhaba wa Kagiso wa UN.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304063722/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=12&page=136 International Year of Peace (roll call of nations) - Botswana".] ''Baháʼí News'' (678): 3. September 1987. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Patlisiso ya maemo a boditšhabatšhaba a bodumedi ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bosupa e fitlhetse gore le fa Botswana e ne e na le dikopano tsa bosetšhaba le tsa selegae tse di neng di amogela semolao Malatsi a a Boitshepo a Baháʼí, manyalo le go gololwa mo lekgethong jaaka bodumedi di ne di sa amogelwe.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304023011/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=12&page=106 Statistical Update - Worldwide recognition of the Faith"]. ''Baháʼí News'' (676): 11. July 1987. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Diketelo tsa Diatla tsa Lebaka Hands of the Cause ke setlhopha se se tlhophilweng sa Baháʼí, se se tlhomilweng botshelo jotlhe, se tiro ya sone e kgolo e neng e le go anamisa le go sireletsa bodumedi. Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bongwe Seatla sa Lebaka Adelbert Mühlschlegel e ne e le ene wa ntlha go etela Botswana.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304083157/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=08&page=36 Hand of Cause visits Botswana"]. ''Baháʼí News''(683): 12–13. March 1972. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a ribabongwe le masome a supa le bongwe Seatla sa Lebaka Enoch Olinga o ne a etela naga mme a etela merafe e meraro e mesha le e e matlhagatlhaga thata ya Baháʼí mo Botswana - Ratholo le Bonwapitse (ka bobedi mo kgaolong ya Tswapong Hills), le Tsela ya Palla (e e bidiwang Dinokwe) kutlwano ya batho, tshenolo e e tswelelang pele, le gore bodumedi bo ne bo le teng mo dinageng di le dintsi tse di ka kwa ga mafatshe a bone le fa dibuka tsa sekolo di ne di sa umake bodumedi joo. Moragonyana o ne a neela puo ya phatlalatsa e e bidiwang "Tumelo ya Baháʼí le Thulaganyo ya Loago" le potsolotso ya radio kwa Gaborone kwa a neng a bua ka ditlhogo tse di farologaneng go tswa mo tlhalosong ya lefoko "Baháʼí", ditsong tsa bodumedi, kamano ya jone le Bokeresete le mathata a ditlwaelo tsa loago mo Aforika Borwa. Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome s supa le bobedi Seatla sa Lebaka Ruhiyyih Khanum o ne a etela lefatshe malatsi a ka nna masome a mabedi.<ref>Nakhjavani, Violette (April 1973). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304051251/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=08&page=351 The Great Safari of Hand of the Cause Ruhiyyih Khanum, part 15"]. ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 16–21. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>O ne a kgatlhantshiwa sekgala sa oura go tswa kwa motseng wa Selebi-Phikwe ke mme yo mosha a na le losea lwa beke. Kwa metseng e le mmalwa go akaretsa le Seleka o ne a kopana le barutabana ba dikolo tsa selegae. O ne a akgola babulatsela ba ba neng ba le kwa magaeng go na le go kokoana mo motsemogolong. Kwa motseng o mongwe o ne a bua kwa kholetšheng ya katiso ya barutabana a ela tlhoko thuto ya Baháʼí ya go lekalekana ga bong le botlhokwa jwa bomme le barutabana, go fedisa go sa itse go bala le go kwala mme a re dikgang tsa tumelo ga di a ikaega ka go ithuta dibuka. Mo go Bonwapitse o ne a bua ka botlhokwa jwa thapelo, bokao jwa "Alláh'u'Abhá". Kwa Mmutlane o ne a bua ka kgang ya ditoro tse di amanang le Baháʼu’lláh le Báb. O ne a tswelela kwa metseng e mengwe mme a tshwantsha dikarabo tse di farologaneng tsa tumelo. Kwa Sekakeng sa Kalahari o ne a kopana le Ba-Bushmen fa e le ba le mmalwa fela ba ba neng ba tsene mo bodumeding go fitlha ga jaana ba solofetse gore bodumedi bo tla thusa go somarela dinonofo tsa bone tsa bonolo le bomolemo. Morago ga moo o ne a kopana le kokoano ya bosetšhaba bogolo jang ka kgang ya pono ya Baháʼí ya "therisano", ya gore madi a Baháʼí a tshwanetse go dirisiwa mo maikaelelong a a rileng a go itsise bodumedi. Kwa Lobatse o ne a bua kwa kholetšheng e nngwe ya ithutelo barutabana ka botlhokwa jwa banana. Motse wa bofelo e ne e le Tsholofelo e e Molemo kwa a neng a kopana le Baháʼí ba ntlha ba Botswana -Rre. le Mme Moncho. Ka kgwedibya Mopitlwe ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le borobabobedi Seatla sa Lebaka H. Collis Featherstone o ne a etela Botswana beke yotlhe a bua ka dikgopolo tsa Baháʼí ka ga ditlhogo tsa bodumedi mme a neela puo mo radiong.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304062958/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=09&page=815 Botswana: Hand of the Cause visits"]. ''Baháʼí News'' (570): 13. September 1978. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Moranang John Robarts, yo o neng a tlhomiwa go nna Letsogo la Tiro ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le bosups, le mosadi wa gagwe Audrey ba ne ba boela mo Botswana. Ba ne ba etela metse e le mmalwa le ditsala tsa bone tsa bogologolo mme ba botsolodiwa mo Dikgannyeng tsa Botswana Daily le Radio Botswana.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 14. December 1981. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> == Dipolelo tsa Batho == Paula Rath o ne a nna kwa Botswana ka ngwaga wa 1972–73 le monna wa gagwe wa pele, Dick Graham jaaka babulatsela ba Baha'i mme a ne a tsamaisa lekwalodikgang le lennye le le bidiwang Puisano.<ref>Ratha Paula (March 27, 2013). "[http://paularath.com/2013/03/titi-my-bushman-friend-in-botswana/ Titi, my Bushman Friend in Botswana".] ''Blog … more than fashion''.</ref> Maureen Page e ne e le mokwaledi wa Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Ba-Baha'i ba Botswana dingwaga di le dintsi mme monna wa gagwe Jeff Gruber e ne e le moitseanape wa puo, a ithuta puo e e rileng ya Bushman. Jeff o ne a dira mo go tlhameng alefabete e e kwadilweng ya puo ya Se-Bushman e e neng e ise e ko e aroganngwe le go bewa ka dialefabete pele ga a dira le Mo-Bushman wa Kalahari yo o neng a bua Setswana sentle. Go ne ga dirwa dithanolo mme ka ngwags wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome s supa le boraro go ne ga dirwa buka ya dithapelo tsa Baháʼí (e e neng ya gatisiwa jaaka "Dithapelo tsa Baháʼí tse di kwadilweng ke Baháʼu'lláh, Bab le ʻAbdu'l-Baha,").<ref>translated by the Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of Botswana (1999) [1977]. [http://www.bahaiprayers.org/setswana/about.htm ''Dithapelo Tsa Baháʼí''(]online&nbsp;ed.). Local Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of Shoreline, Washington (USA). [[:en:Special:BookSources/99912-0-245-5|ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>99912-0-245-5</bdi>.]]</ref> Motshabi wa kwa Iran fa e sale ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masime a supa le borobabongwe, Yousef Mostaghim, le ba lelapa la gagwe ba ne ba tswelela go ema ditiro tsa Baháʼí nokeng fa ba ne ba fudugela kwa Gaborone, kwa Botswana dikgwedi di le mmalwa, mo e ka nnang ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le madome a robabobedi le bobedi pele ga ba nna kwa United States.<ref name=":7">[https://web.archive.org/web/20130504150733/http://www.bahai.us/2013/02/28/tributes-in-brief-r-portillo-y-mostaghim-p-stern-w-johnson-a-schurgast-e-varjavandi-f-otey-p-adlparvar-r-borah-g-sen/ Tributes in brief".] National Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of the United States. February 28, 2013. Archived from [http://www.bahai.us/2013/02/28/tributes-in-brief-r-portillo-y-mostaghim-p-stern-w-johnson-a-schurgast-e-varjavandi-f-otey-p-adlparvar-r-borah-g-sen/ the original] on May 4, 2013.</ref> [[Dwight W. Allen]] o ne a dira jaaka Mogakolodi wa Tlhabololo ya Badiri wa Kholetšhe ya Thuto ya [[Molepolole]] le Lefapha la Thuto, kwa Botswana, fa e ne e le Modirisanimmogo wa Patlisiso le Yunibesithi ya Puso ya Florida ka ngwaga wa1986–88.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121101232244/http://ww2.odu.edu/educ/dwallen/ResumeAllen.htm About Dr. Dwight W. Allen"]. Old Dominion University in Norfolk, Virginia, USA. Archived from [http://ww2.odu.edu/educ/dwallen/ResumeAllen.htm the origina]l on 2012-11-01.</ref><ref>[https://www.du.edu/con-res/newsletters/news-wi-2013/drallen.html Dr Douglas Allen, CRI Core Faculty & Director, IMBA program at DU's Daniel's College of Business"]. ''Faculty Spotlight''. Conflict Resolution Institute, University of Denver. 2005.</ref> Ash Hartwell e ne e le moithaopi wa pele wa Peace Corps mo diphatlhatirong tse di farologaneng mo Aforika mme morago a boela kwa United States. O ne a nna moithuti wa ga Dwight W. Allen ka go fetola dithulaganyo tsa thuto tsa yunibesithi, a ithuta le go tsenela Tumelo ya Baháʼí, mme morago ga moo a boela kwa Afrika. Kgabagare lelapa la gagwe le ne la fudugela kwa Botswana.<ref>Warren Odess-Gillett (February 6, 2006). "[http://www.bahaipodcast.com/archives.asp?pYrID=2006 Ash Hartwell (part 2)"]. ''A Baha'i Perspective''. Season 2006. Valley Free Radio.</ref>Fa a le koo o ne a nna le tshono ya go dirisana le Ba-Bushmen ba Kalahari ka nako ya maeto a a neng a lebisitswe mo Baháʼí mme a dira go laola thulaganyo ya go katisa barutabana ba thuto e e kwa godimo mo e ka nnang dingwaga di le tlhano pele a fetela kwa Egepeto.<ref>Warren Odess-Gillett (February 7, 2006). "[http://www.bahaipodcast.com/archives.asp?pYrID=2006 Ash Hartwell (part 3)"]. ''A Baha'i Perspective''. Season 2006. Valley Free Radio.</ref> Lally Warren e ne e le leloko la Boto ya Bagakolodi ba Kontinente mo Aforika go tloga ka ngwags wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le botlhano go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi mme o diretse bodumedi mo maemong a mangwe a mantsi.<ref name=":1" /> Ditlhopha tsa basadi tse di tswelelang Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le madime a supa le botlhano para ya basadi ba ba tswang kwa Rhodesia ba ne ba tsamaya mafelo a le mmalwa mo nageng ba tshwara dithuto tse di atolositsweng ka bodumedi mo mafelong a le mmalwa ba tsweletsa pele tiro ya basadi. Bobedi jo bo ne jwa kopanngwa ke basha ba le mmalwa ba lefelo leo.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 18–19. December 1975. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Eleruri, ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le borataro ditlelapa di le tlhano tsa tiro ya diatla tsa basadi ba Baháʼí di ne di dira ka thuso ya Iran Sohaili go tswa kwa Rhodesia.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304051051/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=09&page=406 Clubs for Baháʼí women organized]". ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 2. December 1976. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Go ne ga nna le pokano e e neng ya tswelela ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le borobabobedi fa setlhotshwana sa Baháʼí se ne se ba etela beke yotlhe mme sa ba kgothaletsa go amogela mokgele wa go atolosa motse o o gaufi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304063832/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=09&page=738 Botswana: Deepening institute held]". ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 14. May 1979. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> == Bodumedi jwa Sesha == Fa e sa le bodumedi bo tlhongwa bo nnile le seabe mo tlhabololong ya loago le itsholelo go simolola ka go naya basadi kgololesego e kgolo,<ref name=":8">Momen Moojan. "[https://bahai-library.com/momen_encyclopedia_iran#9.%20Social%20and%20economic%20development History of the Baháʼí Faith in Iran]". ''draft "A Short Encyclopedia of the Baháʼí Faith"''. Bahai-library.com. Retrieved 2009-10-16.</ref>go itsise go rotloetsa thuto ya basadi jaaka tlhobaboroko e e tlang pele,<ref>Kimgdon,Geeta Gandhi (1997). "[https://bahai-library.com/kingdon_education_women_development Education of women and socio-economic development".] ''Baháʼí Studies Review''. '''7''' (1).</ref>mme go nna le seabe goo go ne ga newa tlhagiso e e mosola ka go tlhama dikolo, ditleliniki le dikoporasi tsa temothuo<ref name=":8" />Bodumedi bo ne jwa tsena mo kgatong e ntšhwa ya tiro fa molaetsa wa Ntlo ya Bosiamisi ya Lefatshe Lotlhe wa letlha la kgwedi ya Phalane ele masome a mabedi,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le boraro o ne o gololwa.<ref>Momen Moojan; Smith, Peter (1989). "[https://bahai-library.com/momen_smith_developments_1957-1988 The Baháʼí Faith 1957–1988: A Survey of Contemporary Developments".] ''Religion''. '''19''' (1): 63–91. [[doi:10.1016/0048-721X(89)90077-8]].</ref> Ba-Baháʼí ba ne ba rotloediwa go batla ditsela, tse di tsamaisanang le dithuto tsa Baháʼí, tse ka tsone ba neng ba ka nna le seabe mo go tlhabololeng loago le itsholelo ya merafe e ba nnang mo go yone. Lefatshe ka bophara ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le borobabongwe go ne go na le ditiro di le lekgolo le masome a mabedi le borobabongwe tsa tlhabololo ya loago le itsholelo tsa Baháʼí tse di neng di amogelwa semmuso. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bosupa1, palo ya diporojeke tsa tlhabololo tse di amogetsweng semmuso e ne e oketsegile go ka nna sekete,makgolo a mane le masome a robabobedi le bobedi == Ditiro tsa Banana == Tiro ya ntlha ya go ruta basha botlhe e e neng ya diragala kwa Botswana, le leeto la ntlha la go ruta la setlhopha le le neng la dirwa mo Tumelong mo nageng eo, le ne la diragala ka kgwedi ya Phatwe, ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa. Setlhopha sa banana ba ka nna lesome go ya go lesome le botlhano ba Baha'i, go akaretsa le White Dikhang, Patrick Masimolole, Godfrey Peterrrabisino N, T o ne a tsamaya go tswa Gaborone borwa go ya kwa tikologong e e dikologileng Lobatse, bophirima go ya Kanye, bokone go ya Molepolole, mme a boela kwa Gaborone, a bolela le go ruta Tumelo mo metseng e ka nna lesome le bobedi. Mo motseng mongwe le mongwe o o neng o etelwa ba ne ba ya kwa kgosing kgotsa kgosana ya motse mme ba kopa go bua le ba ba neng ba kokoane kwa kgotleng ya mo mosong, e leng kgotlatshekelo ya letsatsi le letsatsi e kgosi e neng e tla e tshwara mo motseng. Mo maemong otlhe setlhopha seno sa basha se ne sa amogelwa sentle, mme gantsi tlhagiso ya ntlha e ne e latelwa ke thulaganyo e e tshelang ya dipotso le motlotlo. Gareng ga ditiro tsa ntlha tsa tlhabololo mo Botswana e ne e le go simolola ka thulaganyo porojeke e kgolo ya "Ngwaga wa Tirelo ya Bašwa" e e neng e gokaganya ditiro tsa boithaopo le dikopano tse di nang le tlhokego e e tlhalositsweng.<ref>[[Look at programs around the world". Baháʼí News (505): 2–3. April 1988. ISSN 0195-9212.|A look at programs around the world"]]. ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 2–3. April 1988. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Se se ne sa atolosiwa ke lenaneo la go tlwaetsa bašwa mo ditsong tse di farologaneng tsa setso tsa Aforika.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 15. December 1988. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Go sa le jalo, kamogelo ya tiro ya puso ya bosetšhaba ya go tshegetsa ditshwanelo tsa batho e ne ya tlhagisiwa ke kokoano ya bosetšhaba - kwa kamogelong baemedi le konokono ya bodipolomate go tswa kwa mafatsheng a le mmalwa le UN. Moemedi wa lekgotla la Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng o ne a laletsa Ba-Baha’i le bone gore ba tshegetse mmogo go keteka Letsatsi la Lekgotla la Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng la ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi. Go ne ga tshwarwa khonferense ya boditšhabatšhaba ya banana ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe e kwa go yone batho ba le lekgolo le masome a mabedi go tswa kwa mafatsheng a le lesome le boraro ba neng ba le teng.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (706): 14. February 1990. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Ka Sedimonthole basha ba ba tswang kwa Transkei ba ne ba le gareng ga dikhwaere tse di neng tsa diragatsa kwa Moletlong wa Boditšhabatšhaba wa Mmino wa Baháʼí kwa Botswana.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304001842/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=12&page=714 Baháʼí choir from..."] ''Baháʼí News'' (706): 16. March 1990. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Ka dingwaga tsa 1994–95, dikampa tsa banana di ne di ratwa thata mo Botswana kwa morafe o neng wa tshwara kampa ya ntlha ya banana mo lefatsheng. Ka beke e le nngwe, basha ba ne ba kokoana kwa Setheong sa Baháʼí kwa Mahalapye mme ba ithuta botshelo jwa ga Baháʼu’lláh, Kitab-i-Aqdas, le dithuto tsa bodumedi tse di jaaka boitsheko le lenyalo, le go sa sweng ga moya.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081205190222/http://info.bahai.org/article-1-9-2-8.html Baháʼí Youth: "A New Kind of People"".] Baháʼí International Community. 2013. Archived from [http://info.bahai.org/article-1-9-2-8.html the original] on 2008-12-05. Retrieved 2013-07-12.</ref>"Ke Mang yo o Kwalang Isagwe? Seminara ka ga Dikgang tsa Ngwagakgolo wa bo masome a mabedi le bongwe" ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi e e neng e tshwaretswe kwa khamphaseng ya Yunibesithi ya Botswana.<ref>[[Invitation and Program". Association for Baháʼí Studies in Southern Africa. March 2, 2000. Archived from the original on November 6, 2003.|Invitation and Program"]]. Association for Baháʼí Studies in Southern Africa. March 2, 2000. Archived from the original on November 6, 2003.</ref> Maiteko a a anameng Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe Tautona wa nako eo wa Botswana Festus Mogae o ne a akgola go gatisiwa ga dibuka tsa Baháʼí ka puo ya Setswana ya lefatshe.<ref>[http://news.bahai.org/story/130 President of Botswana praises publication of Baháʼí books in native Setswana language".] ''Baháʼí World News Service''. Baháʼí International Community. 27 February 2001. Retrieved July 12, 2013.</ref>E nngwe e ne e le buka ya dithapelo tsa Baháʼí mo kgatisong ya yone ya boraro e e nang le thanolo e e tlhabolotsweng mme e nngwe e ne e le Mafoko a a Fitlhegileng a ga Baháʼu'lláh (e e gatisitsweng jaaka "Mafoko a Subhied a ga Baháʼu'lláh".) Buka ya dithapelo<ref name=":7" />e ka bonwa mo inthaneteng mahala. Tona ya pusoselegae ya Botswana, Margaret Nasha, o ne a akgola ditiro tsa morafe fa a ne a bua ka jubile ya one ya gauta e e neng e tshwerwe ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone.<ref name=":1" /> Baháʼí ba ba tswang kwa Botswana ba ne ba le gareng ga batho ba le sekete ba ba neng ba kokoane kwa khonferenseng ya kgaolo e e neng e biditswe ke Ntlo ya Bosiamisi ya Lefatshe Lotlhe e e neng e tla tshwarelwa kwa Johannesburg, Aforika Borwa, ka kgwedi ya Ngwanaitseele ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi.<ref>[[:en:Baháʼí_International_Community|Bahá í International Community]] (2008-11-23). "[https://news.bahai.org/community-news/regional-conferences/johannesburg.html The Johannesburg Regional Conference".] ''Baháʼí International News Service''.</ref> == Batho ka Bongwe ka Bongwe == Robert Sylvester o goletse mo Mokatoliking kwa Amerika mme a sokologela mo bodumeding joo ka dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa.[56] Ene le mosadi wa gagwe ba ne ba fudugela kwa Zambia moragonyana mo dingwageng tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa9, <ref>Warren Odess-Gillett (July 21, 2008). "[http://www.bahaipodcast.com/archives.asp?pYrID=2008 Robert Sylvester".] ''A Baha'i Perspective''. Season 2008. Valley Free Radio.</ref>koo a neng a bereka gone kwa sekolong sengwe mme a direla mo setšhabeng sa Baháʼí koo. Morago ba fudugela kwa Botswana. O ne a tla direla jaaka Mogokgo (Mokhuduthamaga) wa Sekolo sa Boditšhabatšhaba sa Westwood kwa Gaborone, Botswana go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi. Mo go yone nako eo o ne a direla gape mo ditheong dingwe tsa bodumedi-a tlhomilwe kwa Setheong sa Katiso sa Leruri sa Baháʼaí kwa Botswana mo botong ya sone ya bakaedi ba nako e e fetileng (109) Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Baháʼí ba Botswana (1999-2000) mme morago ga moo ba boela kwa United States.<ref>Sylvester Robert F. "[https://webhost.bridgew.edu/rsylvester/bahai.rtf Vita of Robert F. Sylvester".]</ref> Shahin Lockman le monna wa gagwe ba ne ba dira diphatlhatiro di le mmalwa tsa kalafi go akaretsa le kwa Botswana.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150107061113/http://www.aids.harvard.edu/news/spotlight/archives/v7i3_shapiro_lockman_profile.html Drs. Roger Shapiro and Shahin Lockman - Partners in Research & Parenting"]. ''News & Publications, Spotlight newsletter''. HAI - Harvard School of Public Health AIDS Initiative. Fall 2010. Archived from [http://www.aids.harvard.edu/news/spotlight/archives/v7i3_shapiro_lockman_profile.html the original] on 2015-01-07. Retrieved 2013-07-12.</ref>Lockman o ne a dira ka bolwetse jwa thiibi mo Botswana. Fa a ne a etetse koo lekgetlo la ntlha ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borataro , o ne a gapa tlhokomelo ya bolwetse jo bongwe: HIV/AIDS. Bobedi jwa bone ba ne ba feleletsa ba dirile mo tekong ya ntlha ya kalafi ya tirisanommogo ya Setheo sa AIDS sa Botswana le Harvard ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi. Sean Hinton, leloko la Foramo ya Tiro ya Baeteledipele ya Setheo sa Aspen, o ne a dira jaaka motshegetsi le motlhotlheletsi wa porojeke ya go tsibosa batho ka HIV/AIDS e e bidiwang Letsema la Itlotlo (e e akanyeditsweng ke matsalaagwe Gerald le Lally Warren) go rotloetsa phetogo mo maitsholong a a dirang gore go anamisiwe HIV/AIDS ya setso mo Botswana . ditekanyetso tse di amanang le tumelo ya bodumedi jaaka maatla a phetogo ya maikutlo.<ref>[http://www.aspenleadersactionforum.org/user/149 About Sean Hinton"]. ''Action Forum Participants''. The Aspen Institute. August 1, 2013</ref>Go ne ga amogelwa dithuso tse pedi tsa go simolola go tswa kwa De Beers Botswana le go tswa kwa Ofising ya Tlhabololo ya Loago le Ikonomi ya Setšhaba sa Boditšhabatšhaba sa Baháʼí. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe Lucretia Warren, modulasetulo wa Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Baháʼí ba Botswana le leloko la nako e e fetileng la Boto ya Bagakolodi ba Kontinente ya Baháʼí ya Aforika,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130511195110/http://www.bahai.org.au/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=FmRQn-twNOk%3d&tabid=156 International Baháʼís to address Parliament"]. ''Australian Baháʼí Report''. '''13''' (3): 1–2. October 2009. Archived from [http://www.bahai.org.au/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=FmRQn-twNOk%3D&tabid=156 the original] on May 11, 2013. Retrieved July 12, 2013</ref> o ne a tlhagisa kwa Palamenteng ya gagwe ya boraro<ref>Khosravi Beman (1 August 2004). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20250912224806/https://bahaicouncil-ni.org.uk/comm/96/pwr.htm Parliament of the World's Religions"]. ''CommuNIqué'' (96). Retrieved July 12, 2013.</ref>ya Madumedi a Lefatshe e e neng e tshwerwe kwa Melbourne le phanele ya " ya Aforika".<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130511195057/http://www.bahai.org.au/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=zdnOesmjNQE%3d&tabid=156 Baháʼís contribute to inter-faith Parliament".] ''Australian Baháʼí Report''. '''14''' (1): 4–5. February 2010. Archived from the original on May 11, 2013. Retrieved July 12, 2013.</ref> Dipalopalo Mokgatlho wa Diakhaefe tsa Tshedimosetso ya Bodumedi (o o ikaegileng thata ka Saetlopedia ya Lefatshe Lotlhe ya Bokeresete) o ne wa fopholetsa gore go na le Baháʼí ba ka nna 16 500 ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210302132059/https://www.thearda.com/QL2010/QuickList_40.asp QuickLists: Most Baha'i (sic) Nations (2010)".] ''[[:en:Association_of_Religion_Data_Archives|Association of Religion]] Data Archives''. 2010. Archived from [https://www.thearda.com/QL2010/QuickList_40.asp the original] on 2021-03-02. Retrieved 2020-10-14.</ref>Le fa go ntse jalo palo ya batho ya bosetšhaba ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe e bala Baháʼí ba ka nna makgolo a supa.<ref name=":6" />Maloko a morafe mongwe le mongwe a fopholetsa gore dipalo tseno di ne di nyatsa dipalo tsa bone ka go farologana.<ref name=":6" /> == Metswedi == 8vn7h4vsagikzziaisjwu1i26tmlvyw 0 14807 53970 53714 2026-08-09T13:52:29Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 53970 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Wedu Reneilwe Batlokwa''' (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e thola bongwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bosupa (1997) ke motshameki wa kgwele ya dinao wa Motswana yo o tshamekang jaaka motshameki wa mo gare wa Bowers & Pitsea. == Botshelo jwa pele le jwa botho == Batlokwa o ne a tsena sekolo sa Gable Hall. <ref name=":0">[https://www.southendunited.co.uk/news/2019/may/southend-announce-retained-list/ Southend United Announce Retained List]". southendunited.co.uk</ref>Go tloga ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2018 )o ne a bua dipuo di le tharo ka thelelo mme a ithuta ya bone. <ref name=":0" /> == Tiro ya go tshameka == Batlokwa o simolotse tiro ya gagwe le Thurrock, a ikgolaganya le Southend United a le dingwaga di le lesome le bone .<ref>[http://nonleague.pitchero.com/headlines/bostik-league-clubs-busy-ahead-deadline/ Bostik League Clubs Busy Ahead Of Deadline".] Pitchero. 3 April 2018. Retrieved 29 October 2018</ref><ref>Chris Wise (5 April 2018). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20181029153705/http://www.edp24.co.uk/sport/lowestoft-town/lowestoft-town-football-1-5465373 Lowestoft Town boss delighted on have on-loan midfielder Batlokwa on board".] Eastern Daily Press. Archived from the original on 29 October 2018. Retrieved 29 October 2018.</ref>O ne a ya go adima kwa Lowestoft Town ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi ( 2018).O ne a tshameka le setlhopha sa ntlha sa Southend ka nako ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2018) go ya ko ngwageng wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019) pre-season,<ref>Chris Phillips (17 July 2018). [https://www.echo-news.co.uk/sport/16358680.southend-united-midfielder-renei-batlokwa-sets-his-sights-on-first-team-debut/ "Southend United midfielder Renei Batlokwa sets his sights on first team debut".] Basildon Canvey Southend Echo. Retrieved 29 October 2018</ref>a dira tshimologo ya gagwe ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e thola bone ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2018). <ref>[https://www.soccerbase.com/players/player.sd?player_id=106465&season_id=151 Games played by Renei Batlokwa in 2018/2019"]. ''Soccerbase''. Centurycomm. Retrieved 29 October 2018.</ref><ref>Chris Phillips (5 September 2018). "[https://www.echo-news.co.uk/sport/16690987.renei-batlokwas-joy-at-making-southend-united-debut/ Renei Batlokwa's joy at making Southend United debut".] Basildon Canvey Southend Echo. Retrieved 29 October 2018.</ref> O ne a gololwa ke Southend kwa bokhutlong jwa setlha sa 2018-19.<ref>[https://www.southendunited.co.uk/news/2019/may/southend-announce-retained-list/ "Southend United Announce Retained List]". southendunited.co.uk</ref> Batlokwa o ne a ikgolaganya le Brentwood Town kwa bokhutlong jwa kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019).<ref name=":0" />O ne a tshamekela setlhopha seo go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi (2020),<ref>[https://www.brentwoodtownfc.co.uk/players/a893/reneil-batlokwa <nowiki>Profile at Brentwood Town's website[dead link]</nowiki>]. brentwoodtownfc.co.uk</ref> fa a ne a ya go nna leloko la Canvey Island. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200313083727/https://www.betvictoristhmian.co.uk/canvey-swoop-for-brentwood-midfielder-61455 Canvey Swoop For Brentwood Midfielder] Archived 13 March 2020 at the Wayback Machine. betvictoristhmian.co.uk. 7 March 2020</ref>O ne a gololwa ka selemo sa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi (2020).<ref>[https://allafrica.com/stories/202010160185.html Botswana: Zebras Prepare for AFCON]. allafrica.com. 15 October 2020.</ref> Ka nako ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi (2022) go ya ko ngwageng wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro (2023), Batlokwa o ne a nna le nako e khutshwane le Concord Rangers, le fa go ntse jalo ga a ka a tshamekela setlhopha seo. <ref>[https://int.soccerway.com/players/-/494247/ Renei Batlokwa] at Soccerway</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro (2023),morago ga nako ya gagwe kwa Concord Rangers, Batlokwa o ne a fetsa nako a le mo tshekong kwa setlhopheng sa Slovak sa Tatran Liptovský Mikuláš.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20251208223846/https://www.regionalnespravy.sk/mfk-zemplin-na-uvod-pripravy-si-zmeral-sily-s-liptovskym-mikulasom/ "MFK Zemplín na úvod prípravy si zmeral sily s Liptovským Mikulášom]" (in Slovak). Regionálne správy. 11 January 2023. Retrieved 4 August 2024.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e thola bongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro (2023), Batlokwa o ne a saena tumalano le NIFL Premiership side Loughgall<ref>[https://www.belfastlive.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/irish-league-transfers-five-most-27640443 "Irish League transfers - five of the most intriguing deadline day moves]". BelfastLive. 2 September 2023. Retrieved 4 August 2024.</ref>. Pele ga nako ya 2024 League of Ireland First Division, morago ga go tshameka makgetlho a mabedi mo Northern Ireland Football League Cup kwa Loughgall, Batlokwa o ne a saena le Athlone Town.<ref>[https://athlonetownafc.ie/match-report-athlone-town-afc-3-3-longford-town-fc/ Match Report: Athlone Town AFC 3-3 Longford Town FC"]. Athlone Town F.C. 23 March 2024. Retrieved 4 August 2024</ref> Pele ga setlha sa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024) go ya ko ngwageng wa dikete tse pedi le masome mabedi le botlhano(2025), Batlokwa o ne a boela kwa Engelane, a saena le setlhopha sa Isthmian League North Division Maldon & Tiptree. <ref>[http://www.fwp.co/maldon-and-tiptree/appearances/renei-batlokwa/972399 Maldon & Tiptree – Appearances – Renei Batlokwa]". Football Web Pages. Retrieved 18 November 2024.</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025), Batlokwa o ne a saena tumalano le Bowers & Pitsea.<ref>[https://www.footballwebpages.co.uk/bowers-and-pitsea/appearances/renei-batlokwa/985214 Bowers & Pitsea – Appearances – Renei Batlokwa".] Football Web Pages. Retrieved 30 April 2025.</ref> == Metswedi == f2op10mr0fw4w7diaci5m39mcuiioyk 0 14868 53995 2026-08-09T20:55:33Z Reagoleboga 10854 added new article 53995 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Go sa Lekaneng ga Thuto mo Afrika Borwa: Matswela a a Nnang a le Gone a Puso ya Tlhaolele''' Thuto ke nngwe ya didiriswa tse di botlhokwa thata tsa go tlhola ditshono le go fokotsa go tlhoka tekatekano. Le fa go ntse jalo, tsamaiso ya thuto ya Aforika Borwa e tswelela go lebana le dikgwetlho tse di amanang le boswa jwa tlhaolele, e leng thulaganyo e e neng ya dira gore go nne le ditshono tse di sa lekalekaneng go ya ka lotso. Ka nako ya tlhaolele, thuto e ne e kgaogantswe ka boomo e bile e sa lekalekane. Tsamaiso ya Thuto ya Banthu e ne e tlamela bantsho ba Aforika Borwa ka didiriswa tse di kwa tlase le ditšhono tse di lekanyeditsweng tsa thuto.<ref>https://hsrc.ac.za/news/review/soweto-uprising-at-50-publishing-books-that-reimagine-south-african-democracy-in-the-21st-century/</ref> 6y373f01g0lj6hq8mkk3yciy720qz7d 53996 53995 2026-08-09T20:57:12Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 53996 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Go sa Lekaneng ga Thuto mo Afrika Borwa: Matswela a a Nnang a le Gone a Puso ya Tlhaolele''' Thuto ke nngwe ya didiriswa tse di botlhokwa thata tsa go tlhola ditshono le go fokotsa go tlhoka tekatekano.<ref>https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/education/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1745790/full</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, tsamaiso ya thuto ya Aforika Borwa e tswelela go lebana le dikgwetlho tse di amanang le boswa jwa tlhaolele, e leng thulaganyo e e neng ya dira gore go nne le ditshono tse di sa lekalekaneng go ya ka lotso. Ka nako ya tlhaolele, thuto e ne e kgaogantswe ka boomo e bile e sa lekalekane. Tsamaiso ya Thuto ya Banthu e ne e tlamela bantsho ba Aforika Borwa ka didiriswa tse di kwa tlase le ditšhono tse di lekanyeditsweng tsa thuto.<ref>https://hsrc.ac.za/news/review/soweto-uprising-at-50-publishing-books-that-reimagine-south-african-democracy-in-the-21st-century/</ref> Borwa ka didiriswa tse di kwa tlase le ditšhono tse di lekanyeditsweng tsa thuto. Dikolo di le dintsi tse di direlang batho ba bantsho di ne di se na dikago tse di tshwanetseng, didirisiwa tsa go ithuta le barutabana ba ba tshwanelegang. Le fa gone Aforika Borwa e dirile kgatelopele e kgolo fa e sa le go nna le puso ya temokerasi ka 1994, go sa ntse go na le go sa lekalekane. Dikolo di le dintsi tsa kwa metseselegaeng le tse di humanegileng di sa ntse di lebana le dikgwetlho tse di jaaka diphaposi tsa borutelo tse di tletseng thata, go tlhaela ga didirisiwa le go sa tshwane ga batho mo go tsa thekenoloji.<ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Southern-Africa/Independence-and-decolonization-in-Southern-Africa</ref> lpgj04wj8nukrpe1dlfr1gagczctiws 53997 53996 2026-08-09T20:58:37Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 53997 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Go sa Lekaneng ga Thuto mo Afrika Borwa: Matswela a a Nnang a le Gone a Puso ya Tlhaolele''' Thuto ke nngwe ya didiriswa tse di botlhokwa thata tsa go tlhola ditshono le go fokotsa go tlhoka tekatekano.<ref>https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/education/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1745790/full</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, tsamaiso ya thuto ya Aforika Borwa e tswelela go lebana le dikgwetlho tse di amanang le boswa jwa tlhaolele, e leng thulaganyo e e neng ya dira gore go nne le ditshono tse di sa lekalekaneng go ya ka lotso. Ka nako ya tlhaolele, thuto e ne e kgaogantswe ka boomo e bile e sa lekalekane. Tsamaiso ya Thuto ya Banthu e ne e tlamela bantsho ba Aforika Borwa ka didiriswa tse di kwa tlase le ditšhono tse di lekanyeditsweng tsa thuto.<ref>https://hsrc.ac.za/news/review/soweto-uprising-at-50-publishing-books-that-reimagine-south-african-democracy-in-the-21st-century/</ref> Tsamaiso ya Thuto ya Banthu e ne e tlamela bantsho ba Aforika Borwa ka didiriswa tse di kwa tlase le ditšhono tse di lekanyeditsweng tsa thuto. Dikolo di le dintsi tse di direlang batho ba bantsho di ne di se na dikago tse di tshwanetseng, didirisiwa tsa go ithuta le barutabana ba ba tshwanelegang. Le fa gone Aforika Borwa e dirile kgatelopele e kgolo fa e sa le go nna le puso ya temokerasi ka 1994, go sa ntse go na le go sa lekalekane. Dikolo di le dintsi tsa kwa metseselegaeng le tse di humanegileng di sa ntse di lebana le dikgwetlho tse di jaaka diphaposi tsa borutelo tse di tletseng thata, go tlhaela ga didirisiwa le go sa tshwane ga batho mo go tsa thekenoloji.<ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Southern-Africa/Independence-and-decolonization-in-Southern-Africa</ref> Isagwe ya Aforika Borwa e ikaegile ka go tlhama thulaganyo ya thuto e mo go yone moithuti mongwe le mongwe, go sa kgathalesege gore o tswa kae kgotsa o nna kae, a nang le tshono ya go atlega.<ref>https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2020/02/south-africa-broken-and-unequal-education-perpetuating-poverty-and-inequality/</ref> oypcgdhj0offo5g34u9w6glec13wnf2 54010 53997 2026-08-09T21:23:32Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 54010 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Go sa Lekaneng ga Thuto mo Aforika Borwa: Matswela a a Nnang a le Gone a Puso ya Tlhaolele''' Thuto ke nngwe ya didiriswa tse di botlhokwa thata tsa go tlhola ditshono le go fokotsa go tlhoka tekatekano.<ref>https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/education/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1745790/full</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, tsamaiso ya thuto ya [[Aforika Borwa]] e tswelela go lebana le dikgwetlho tse di amanang le boswa jwa tlhaolele, e leng thulaganyo e e neng ya dira gore go nne le ditshono tse di sa lekalekaneng go ya ka lotso. Ka nako ya tlhaolele, thuto e ne e kgaogantswe ka boomo e bile e sa lekalekane. Tsamaiso ya Thuto ya Banthu e ne e tlamela bantsho ba Aforika Borwa ka didiriswa tse di kwa tlase le ditšhono tse di lekanyeditsweng tsa thuto.<ref>https://hsrc.ac.za/news/review/soweto-uprising-at-50-publishing-books-that-reimagine-south-african-democracy-in-the-21st-century/</ref> Tsamaiso ya Thuto ya Banthu e ne e tlamela bantsho ba [[Aforika Borwa]] ka didiriswa tse di kwa tlase le ditšhono tse di lekanyeditsweng tsa thuto. Dikolo di le dintsi tse di direlang batho ba bantsho di ne di se na dikago tse di tshwanetseng, didirisiwa tsa go ithuta le barutabana ba ba tshwanelegang. Le fa gone [[Aforika Borwa]] e dirile kgatelopele e kgolo fa e sa le go nna le puso ya temokerasi ka 1994, go sa ntse go na le go sa lekalekane. Dikolo di le dintsi tsa kwa metseselegaeng le tse di humanegileng di sa ntse di lebana le dikgwetlho tse di jaaka diphaposi tsa borutelo tse di tletseng thata, go tlhaela ga didirisiwa le go sa tshwane ga batho mo go tsa thekenoloji.<ref>https://www.britannica.com/place/Southern-Africa/Independence-and-decolonization-in-Southern-Africa</ref> Isagwe ya [[Aforika Borwa]] e ikaegile ka go tlhama thulaganyo ya thuto e mo go yone moithuti mongwe le mongwe, go sa kgathalesege gore o tswa kae kgotsa o nna kae, a nang le tshono ya go atlega.<ref>https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2020/02/south-africa-broken-and-unequal-education-perpetuating-poverty-and-inequality/</ref> o2yqfh1hlohpb0pjd6blw9ub7gn3z4a 0 14869 53998 2026-08-09T21:01:26Z Reagoleboga 10854 added new article 53998 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kgwedi ya Basadi mo Aforika Borwa''' Kgwedi ya Basadi e ketekwa ngwaga le ngwaga mo Aforika Borwa ka kgwedi ya Phatwe go tlotlomatsa seabe sa basadi mo tlhabololong ya loago, sepolotiki le ikonomi ya naga.<ref>https://hsrc.ac.za/news/latest-news/reclaiming-womens-month-celebrating-resilience-strength-agency/</ref> Segopotso se tlotlomatsa Mogwanto wa Basadi wa hisetori wa di 9 Phatwe 1956, fa basadi ba ka nna 20 000 ba ne ba gwantela kwa Union Buildings kwa Pretoria go ipelaetsa kgatlhanong le go atolosediwa ga melao ya phasa go basadi ka fa tlase ga puso ya tlhaolele.<ref>https://www.linkedin.com/posts/airports-company-south-africa_womensmonth-womenofacsa-activity-7492161757302587392-8xZM</ref> 7qe8khqtgr48n1kdthm41kfdechtn6o 53999 53998 2026-08-09T21:03:02Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 53999 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kgwedi ya Basadi mo Aforika Borwa''' Kgwedi ya Basadi e ketekwa ngwaga le ngwaga mo Aforika Borwa ka kgwedi ya Phatwe go tlotlomatsa seabe sa basadi mo tlhabololong ya loago, sepolotiki le ikonomi ya naga.<ref>https://hsrc.ac.za/news/latest-news/reclaiming-womens-month-celebrating-resilience-strength-agency/</ref> Segopotso se tlotlomatsa Mogwanto wa Basadi wa hisetori wa di 9 Phatwe 1956, fa basadi ba ka nna 20 000 ba ne ba gwantela kwa Union Buildings kwa Pretoria go ipelaetsa kgatlhanong le go atolosediwa ga melao ya phasa go basadi ka fa tlase ga puso ya tlhaolele.<ref>https://www.linkedin.com/posts/airports-company-south-africa_womensmonth-womenofacsa-activity-7492161757302587392-8xZM</ref> Mo kgweding yotlhe ya Phatwe, mafapha a puso, ditheo tsa thuto, dikgwebo le mekgatlho ya baagi e tshwara ditiragalo tse di rotloetsang tekatekano ya bong, go maatlafatsa basadi le go ba lemotsha ka ga dikgang tse di jaaka tirisodikgoka e e ikaegileng ka bong, boeteledipele le go akaretsa ikonomi. Kgwedi eno ke tshono ya go keteka dilo tse basadi ba di fitlheletseng fa ba ntse ba gatelela maiteko a a dirwang go tsweletsa ditshwanelo le ditshono tse di lekanang.<ref>https://www.ewn.co.za/2026/08/09/watch-wathint-abafazi-wathint-imbokodo-the-women-who-changed-south-africa-s-history</ref> 2bbz8qy71k3nc43e1cr7z31oy0an0vm 54009 53999 2026-08-09T21:22:18Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 54009 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kgwedi ya Basadi mo Aforika Borwa''' Kgwedi ya Basadi e ketekwa ngwaga le ngwaga mo [[Aforika Borwa]] ka kgwedi ya Phatwe go tlotlomatsa seabe sa basadi mo tlhabololong ya loago, sepolotiki le ikonomi ya naga.<ref>https://hsrc.ac.za/news/latest-news/reclaiming-womens-month-celebrating-resilience-strength-agency/</ref> Segopotso se tlotlomatsa Mogwanto wa Basadi wa hisetori wa di 9 Phatwe 1956, fa basadi ba ka nna 20 000 ba ne ba gwantela kwa Union Buildings kwa [[Pretoria (Pitori)|Pretoria]] go ipelaetsa kgatlhanong le go atolosediwa ga melao ya phasa go basadi ka fa tlase ga puso ya tlhaolele.<ref>https://www.linkedin.com/posts/airports-company-south-africa_womensmonth-womenofacsa-activity-7492161757302587392-8xZM</ref> Mo kgweding yotlhe ya Phatwe, mafapha a puso, ditheo tsa thuto, dikgwebo le mekgatlho ya baagi e tshwara ditiragalo tse di rotloetsang tekatekano ya bong, go maatlafatsa basadi le go ba lemotsha ka ga dikgang tse di jaaka tirisodikgoka e e ikaegileng ka bong, boeteledipele le go akaretsa ikonomi. Kgwedi eno ke tshono ya go keteka dilo tse basadi ba di fitlheletseng fa ba ntse ba gatelela maiteko a a dirwang go tsweletsa ditshwanelo le ditshono tse di lekanang.<ref>https://www.ewn.co.za/2026/08/09/watch-wathint-abafazi-wathint-imbokodo-the-women-who-changed-south-africa-s-history</ref> 2zealpas2oh5ljnj90a0rej18cc6f75 0 14870 54000 2026-08-09T21:05:58Z Reagoleboga 10854 added new article 54000 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Letsatsi la Bosetšhaba la Basadi mo Aforika Borwa''' Letsatsi la Bosetšhaba la Basadi ke letsatsi la boikhutso la setšhaba mo Aforika Borwa le le ketekiwang ngwaga le ngwaga ka di 9 Phatwe.<ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2026/8/9/womens-day-in-south-africa-turns-70-with-equality-still-out-of-reach</ref> E gopotsa mogwanto wa Basadi wa 1956 go ya kwa Union Buildings kwa Pretoria, koo diketekete tsa basadi go tswa kwa merafeng le ditso tse di farologaneng ba neng ba ipelaetsa kgatlhanong le melao ya go fetisa ya tlhaolele. Mogwanto o santse o le mongwe wa ditshupetso tse di botlhokwa thata mo hisetoring ya Aforika Borwa.<ref>https://www.thepresidency.gov.za/president-ramaphosa-lead-2026-national-womens-day-commemoration</ref> 7rzqkadd5cexk0ecma1ychoxvb68sg8 54001 54000 2026-08-09T21:07:56Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 54001 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Letsatsi la Bosetšhaba la Basadi mo Aforika Borwa''' Letsatsi la Bosetšhaba la Basadi ke letsatsi la boikhutso la setšhaba mo Aforika Borwa le le ketekiwang ngwaga le ngwaga ka di 9 Phatwe.<ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2026/8/9/womens-day-in-south-africa-turns-70-with-equality-still-out-of-reach</ref> E gopotsa mogwanto wa Basadi wa 1956 go ya kwa Union Buildings kwa Pretoria, koo diketekete tsa basadi go tswa kwa merafeng le ditso tse di farologaneng ba neng ba ipelaetsa kgatlhanong le melao ya go fetisa ya tlhaolele. Mogwanto o santse o le mongwe wa ditshupetso tse di botlhokwa thata mo hisetoring ya Aforika Borwa.<ref>https://www.thepresidency.gov.za/president-ramaphosa-lead-2026-national-womens-day-commemoration</ref> Gompieno, Letsatsi la Bosetšhaba la Basadi le ketekwa ka meletlo ya semmuso, matsholo a thuto, ditshupo tsa setso le ditiragalo tsa setšhaba go ralala naga. Letsatsi leno la boikhutso le tlotla seabe se basadi ba nang le sone mo go lweleng gore go nne le temokerasi mme gape le kgothaletsa gore go nne le kgatelopele e e tswelelang pele ya go lekalekana ga banna le basadi, go nna le tshiamiso mo setšhabeng le go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa basadi.<ref>https://www.sabcnews.com/sabcnews/opinion-honouring-the-women-who-continue-to-shape-south-africa/</ref> 04dgo92rrtd6t28xkhwcv1pz5yltvwy 54008 54001 2026-08-09T21:21:30Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 54008 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Letsatsi la Bosetšhaba la Basadi mo Aforika Borwa''' Letsatsi la Bosetšhaba la Basadi ke letsatsi la boikhutso la setšhaba mo [[Aforika Borwa]] le le ketekiwang ngwaga le ngwaga ka di 9 Phatwe.<ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2026/8/9/womens-day-in-south-africa-turns-70-with-equality-still-out-of-reach</ref> E gopotsa mogwanto wa Basadi wa 1956 go ya kwa Union Buildings kwa Pretoria, koo diketekete tsa basadi go tswa kwa merafeng le ditso tse di farologaneng ba neng ba ipelaetsa kgatlhanong le melao ya go fetisa ya tlhaolele. Mogwanto o santse o le mongwe wa ditshupetso tse di botlhokwa thata mo hisetoring ya Aforika Borwa.<ref>https://www.thepresidency.gov.za/president-ramaphosa-lead-2026-national-womens-day-commemoration</ref> Gompieno, Letsatsi la Bosetšhaba la Basadi le ketekwa ka meletlo ya semmuso, matsholo a thuto, ditshupo tsa setso le ditiragalo tsa setšhaba go ralala naga. Letsatsi leno la boikhutso le tlotla seabe se basadi ba nang le sone mo go lweleng gore go nne le temokerasi mme gape le kgothaletsa gore go nne le kgatelopele e e tswelelang pele ya go lekalekana ga banna le basadi, go nna le tshiamiso mo setšhabeng le go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa basadi.<ref>https://www.sabcnews.com/sabcnews/opinion-honouring-the-women-who-continue-to-shape-south-africa/</ref> omy4mgggcawool4np8mwy8y3pbnkpnx 0 14871 54002 2026-08-09T21:13:12Z Reagoleboga 10854 added new article 54002 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mogwanto wa Basadi wa 1956''' Mokoloko wa Basadi wa 1956 e ne e le nngwe ya ditshupetso tse dikgolo go gaisa kgatlhanong le tlhaolele mo Aforika Borwa.<ref>https://www.channelafrica.co.za/channelafrica/news/ramaphosa-hails-1956-womens-march-as-sa-struggle-turning-point/</ref> Ka 9 Phatwe 1956, basadi ba ba ka nnang 20 000 ba ne ba kokoana kwa Union Buildings kwa Pretoria go ganetsa molao o o neng o batla gore basadi ba Bantsho ba nne le dipasaete tsa ka fa teng, tse di itsegeng jaaka dibuka tsa phasalatso. Mokoloko ono o ne o rulagantswe ke Federation of South African Women le mekgatlho e mengwe e e kgatlhanong le tlhaolele.<ref>https://www.sanews.gov.za/south-africa/sa-commemorates-70-years-1956-womens-march</ref> 6g92op0mxhoewk2tvq8y41h2x8hd7mn 54003 54002 2026-08-09T21:14:56Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 54003 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mogwanto wa Basadi wa 1956''' Mokoloko wa Basadi wa 1956 e ne e le nngwe ya ditshupetso tse dikgolo go gaisa kgatlhanong le tlhaolele mo Aforika Borwa.<ref>https://www.channelafrica.co.za/channelafrica/news/ramaphosa-hails-1956-womens-march-as-sa-struggle-turning-point/</ref> Ka 9 Phatwe 1956, basadi ba ba ka nnang 20 000 ba ne ba kokoana kwa Union Buildings kwa Pretoria go ganetsa molao o o neng o batla gore basadi ba Bantsho ba nne le dipasaete tsa ka fa teng, tse di itsegeng jaaka dibuka tsa phasalatso. Mokoloko ono o ne o rulagantswe ke Federation of South African Women le mekgatlho e mengwe e e kgatlhanong le tlhaolele.<ref>https://www.sanews.gov.za/south-africa/sa-commemorates-70-years-1956-womens-march</ref> Morago ga go neela makwalokopo a a nang le ditshaeno tse di fetang 100 000, badiraditshupetso ba ne ba didimala metsotso e le masome a mararo pele ga ba opela pina ya boipelaetso ya Wathint' Abafazi, Wathint' Imbokodo ("Fa o itaya mosadi, o itaya lefika"). <ref>https://www.timeslive.co.za/news/south-africa/2026-08-09-ramaphosa-asks-families-to-help-identify-20000-women-who-marched-in-1956/</ref>Mokoloko ono o ne wa nna letshwao le le nnelang ruri la go nna pelokgale, go nna pelokgale le go nna le seabe ga basadi mo ntweng ya go lwela kgololesego ya Aforika Borwa.<ref>https://www.africanews.com/2026/08/08/south-africa-commemorates-1956-womens-march-but-fight-for-freedom-isnt-over/</ref> etuh6vqac536lg2o56pgtfcb45vunmx 54011 54003 2026-08-09T21:24:16Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 54011 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mogwanto wa Basadi wa 1956''' Mokoloko wa Basadi wa 1956 e ne e le nngwe ya ditshupetso tse dikgolo go gaisa kgatlhanong le tlhaolele mo [[Aforika Borwa]].<ref>https://www.channelafrica.co.za/channelafrica/news/ramaphosa-hails-1956-womens-march-as-sa-struggle-turning-point/</ref> Ka 9 Phatwe 1956, basadi ba ba ka nnang 20 000 ba ne ba kokoana kwa Union Buildings kwa [[Pretoria (Pitori)|Pretoria]] go ganetsa molao o o neng o batla gore basadi ba Bantsho ba nne le dipasaete tsa ka fa teng, tse di itsegeng jaaka dibuka tsa phasalatso. Mokoloko ono o ne o rulagantswe ke Federation of South African Women le mekgatlho e mengwe e e kgatlhanong le tlhaolele.<ref>https://www.sanews.gov.za/south-africa/sa-commemorates-70-years-1956-womens-march</ref> Morago ga go neela makwalokopo a a nang le ditshaeno tse di fetang 100 000, badiraditshupetso ba ne ba didimala metsotso e le masome a mararo pele ga ba opela pina ya boipelaetso ya Wathint' Abafazi, Wathint' Imbokodo ("Fa o itaya mosadi, o itaya lefika"). <ref>https://www.timeslive.co.za/news/south-africa/2026-08-09-ramaphosa-asks-families-to-help-identify-20000-women-who-marched-in-1956/</ref>Mokoloko ono o ne wa nna letshwao le le nnelang ruri la go nna pelokgale, go nna pelokgale le go nna le seabe ga basadi mo ntweng ya go lwela kgololesego ya Aforika Borwa.<ref>https://www.africanews.com/2026/08/08/south-africa-commemorates-1956-womens-march-but-fight-for-freedom-isnt-over/</ref> ayiqlah2n9aivedcttygbf67c263n0c 0 14872 54004 2026-08-09T21:17:31Z Reagoleboga 10854 added new article 54004 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thata ya Basadi mo Aforika Borwa''' Go matlafatsa basadi mo Aforika Borwa go kaya maiteko a a ikaeletsweng go tsweletsa tekatekano ya bong le go oketsa go nna le seabe ga basadi mo thutong, mo ditirong, mo kgwebong, mo dipolotiking le mo boeteledipeleng.<ref>https://www.news24.com/truelove/she-lives/unforgettable-moments-where-sa-women-inspired-the-masses-20260807-0894</ref> Fa e sa le puso ya tlhaolele e fedisiwa ka 1994, naga eno e ile ya tlhoma melao le maano a a diretsweng go tokafatsa ditshwanelo tsa basadi le go fedisa go tlhaolwa ka ntlha ya bong jwa bone.<ref>https://irr.org.za/media/irr-on-women2019s-month-property-rights-are-women2019s-rights</ref> l5fvm0w033vopu0rhsbw27sfsd54vju 54005 54004 2026-08-09T21:18:34Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 54005 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thata ya Basadi mo Aforika Borwa'''<ref>https://www.sanews.gov.za/south-africa/women-remain-forefront-shaping-democracy-and-advancing-empowerment</ref> Go matlafatsa basadi mo Aforika Borwa go kaya maiteko a a ikaeletsweng go tsweletsa tekatekano ya bong le go oketsa go nna le seabe ga basadi mo thutong, mo ditirong, mo kgwebong, mo dipolotiking le mo boeteledipeleng.<ref>https://www.news24.com/truelove/she-lives/unforgettable-moments-where-sa-women-inspired-the-masses-20260807-0894</ref> Fa e sa le puso ya tlhaolele e fedisiwa ka 1994, naga eno e ile ya tlhoma melao le maano a a diretsweng go tokafatsa ditshwanelo tsa basadi le go fedisa go tlhaolwa ka ntlha ya bong jwa bone.<ref>https://irr.org.za/media/irr-on-women2019s-month-property-rights-are-women2019s-rights</ref> Le fa go na le kgatelopele e e bonalang, dikgwetlho tse di jaaka tirisodikgoka ya bong, go sa lekalekane ga ditshono tsa ikonomi le go sa lekalekane ga lotseno di tswelela go ama basadi ba le bantsi. Ditheo tsa puso, mekgatlho ya baagi, le maiteko a lephata la poraefete a tswelela go diragatsa mananeo a a tshegetsang thuto ya basadi, bo-rakgwebo, tlhokomelo ya boitekanelo, le kemedi mo ditsamaisong tsa go tsaya ditshwetso. sjaiquch9uogeu923lswb9bvwmb792j 54006 54005 2026-08-09T21:19:54Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 54006 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thata ya Basadi mo Aforika Borwa''' Go matlafatsa basadi mo Aforika Borwa go kaya maiteko a a ikaeletsweng go tsweletsa tekatekano ya bong le go oketsa go nna le seabe ga basadi mo thutong, mo ditirong, mo kgwebong, mo dipolotiking le mo boeteledipeleng.<ref>https://www.news24.com/truelove/she-lives/unforgettable-moments-where-sa-women-inspired-the-masses-20260807-0894</ref> Fa e sa le puso ya tlhaolele e fedisiwa ka 1994, naga eno e ile ya tlhoma melao le maano a a diretsweng go tokafatsa ditshwanelo tsa basadi le go fedisa go tlhaolwa ka ntlha ya bong jwa bone.<ref>https://irr.org.za/media/irr-on-women2019s-month-property-rights-are-women2019s-rights</ref> Le fa go na le kgatelopele e e bonalang, dikgwetlho tse di jaaka tirisodikgoka ya bong, go sa lekalekane ga ditshono tsa ikonomi le go sa lekalekane ga lotseno di tswelela go ama basadi ba le bantsi. Ditheo tsa puso, mekgatlho ya baagi, le maiteko a lephata la poraefete a tswelela go diragatsa mananeo a a tshegetsang thuto ya basadi, bo-rakgwebo, tlhokomelo ya boitekanelo, le kemedi mo ditsamaisong tsa go tsaya ditshwetso.<ref>https://www.sabcnews.com/sabcnews/empowered-women-empower-nations-chikunga-launches-womens-month/</ref> ihfknxvg7d447lzfxq26igm66dcot9a 54007 54006 2026-08-09T21:20:34Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 54007 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thata ya Basadi mo Aforika Borwa''' Go matlafatsa basadi mo [[Aforika Borwa]] go kaya maiteko a a ikaeletsweng go tsweletsa tekatekano ya bong le go oketsa go nna le seabe ga basadi mo thutong, mo ditirong, mo kgwebong, mo dipolotiking le mo boeteledipeleng.<ref>https://www.news24.com/truelove/she-lives/unforgettable-moments-where-sa-women-inspired-the-masses-20260807-0894</ref> Fa e sa le puso ya tlhaolele e fedisiwa ka 1994, naga eno e ile ya tlhoma melao le maano a a diretsweng go tokafatsa ditshwanelo tsa basadi le go fedisa go tlhaolwa ka ntlha ya bong jwa bone.<ref>https://irr.org.za/media/irr-on-women2019s-month-property-rights-are-women2019s-rights</ref> Le fa go na le kgatelopele e e bonalang, dikgwetlho tse di jaaka tirisodikgoka ya bong, go sa lekalekane ga ditshono tsa ikonomi le go sa lekalekane ga lotseno di tswelela go ama basadi ba le bantsi. Ditheo tsa puso, mekgatlho ya baagi, le maiteko a lephata la poraefete a tswelela go diragatsa mananeo a a tshegetsang thuto ya basadi, borakgwebo, tlhokomelo ya boitekanelo, le kemedi mo ditsamaisong tsa go tsaya ditshwetso.<ref>https://www.sabcnews.com/sabcnews/empowered-women-empower-nations-chikunga-launches-womens-month/</ref> j2r7zba25zuzi6xeclin5dlogo75s7e