Wikipedia tnwiki https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsebe_ya_konokono MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.18 first-letter Pego Faphegileng Puisano Modirisi Puisano ya modirisi Wikipedia Puisano ya Wikipedia Setshwantsho Puisano ya setshwantsho MediaWiki Puisano ya MediaWiki Tempolete Puisano ya tempolete Thuso Puisano ya thuso Karolo Puisano ya karolo TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 3276 54461 53984 2026-09-05T15:08:05Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 54461 wikitext text/x-wiki Thuto tse''' dikgolwane mo [[Botswana|Botswana]]''' ke mahala kgotsa boitlhopelo.<ref name="ilab"> {1}Botswana {/1} [http://www.dol.gov/ilab/media/reports/iclp/tda2005/tda2005.pdf ''2005 Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor'' ]. Ba lekgotla le le inamololang mafatshe ka kakaretso, U.S. Lephata la metse selegae (2006). ''Koranta e e nale molaetsa go tsweng mo tshimologong, e e leng ponagadi ya {0 }phatalatsa.'' </ref><ref name="bbc"></ref> Mo ngwageng wa 2002, palo ya ntlha ee sa rurifadiwang e ne e le selekanyo sa lekgolo le boraro mo lekgolong, mme ee rurufaditsweng yone ya ntlha e ne e le masome a borobabobedi le motso mo lekgolong.<ref name="ilab"></ref> Go kgaogangwa ga bana ba ba tsewang mo dikolong go itebagantse le palo ya baithuti ba ba kwadisiwang kwa dikolong tse di potana gape ga go amane gope le go tsena sekolo sentle ga bana. Dipalo tse di ntsha tsa go tla sekolong mo dikolong tse di potana ga di mo Botswana.<ref name="ilab"></ref> Go ya ka dipalo tsa ngwaga wa 2001, masome a borobabobedi le borataro mo lekgolong a bana ba ba simolotseng dithuto tse di potana ba ne ba batlile go fitlhelela kwa lokwalong lwa botlhano.<ref name="ilab"></ref> Mo tsamaisong ya thuto ya mo Botswana, basimane le basetsana ba nale tepetepano mo go fiweng dithuto. Basetsana, ka gorialo, ba ka nna ba tswa mo dikolong tse dikgolwane ka ntata ya boimana.<ref name="ilab"></ref> [[Botswana|Botswana]] o dirile tse dintsi mo go tlhabololeng thuto morago ga go tsaya boipuso ka ngwaga wa 1966.{{Citation needed|date=June 2008}} Morago ga seo go ne go nale baalogani ba ba potana mo lefatsheng gape Batswana ba palo potana ba tsene dikolo tse dikgolwane. Ka ponagalo ya ditemane morago ga go tsaya boipuso le go oketsega ga madi a puso, go ne ga nna le koketsego ee kwa godimo ya go aba thuto mo lefatsheng. Baithuti botlhe ba ne ba fiwa dingwaga tse di lesome tsa go ithuta,se se ba fitlisetsa kwa dithutong tse dikgolwane tsa Junior Certificate. E ka ne e le bontlha bongwe jwa palo ya batho mo sekolong ba ba tsweledisang ka ngwaga tse pedi tsa mo sekolong se se golwane se se isang moithuti kwa mphong ya go fiwa setlankana sa Botswana General Certificate of Education (BGCSE). Fa o sena go tlogela sekolo, baithuti ba ne ba ka tsena sekolo mo dikolong tsa ithutelo tiro di le borataro mo lefatsheng,kgotsa ba ithuthuntsha mo dithutong dingwe tsa borutabana kgotsa booki. Moithuti yo o gaisitseng botlhe o ne a ya go tsena kwa mmadikolo ebong University of Botswana, Botswana College of Agriculture[https://web.archive.org/web/20120524171350/http://www.bca.bw/], le Botswana Accountancy College mo [[Gaborone|Gaborone]]. Palo ee ntsi ya bana ba kwa mmadikolo e solofetswe, fa kago ya bobedi ya mmadikolo mo lefatsheng, ebong Botswana International University of Science and Technology, e fediwa. Bontsi jwa bana ba felela ba tsene dikolo kwa dikholetsheng tse eseng tsa puso mo lefatsheng. Bontsi jwa baithuti ba tsengwa sekolo ke puso. Dipoelo ga di ise di ko di tshwantshangwe le tsa boleng jo bo rileng. Dikolo tse di potana di santse di tlhoka didirisiwa, gape barutabana ba duelwa madi aa kwa tlase go nale badiri ka bone ba kwa dikolong tse dikgolwane.{{Citation needed|date=June 2008}} Mo kgweding ya Ferikgong ngwaga wa 2006, Botswana o ne a simolodisa tuelo ya dithuto morago ga dingwaga ngwaga tse pedi tsa thuto ee neng e fiwa mahala .<ref name="bbc">{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/4601360.stm | work=BBC News | title=Botswana brings back school fees | date=2006-01-11 | accessdate=2010-05-01}}</ref> ==Bokhutlo== Thuto ke yone konokono ya botshelo ke moo go leng matshwanedi gore e tsewe ka tlhwaafalo.Baithuti ba tshwanetse go nna ba ithuta gore ba tle go atlega mo botshelong.Ke tshwanelo ya puso go bona gore baithuti ba fiwa dithuto tse di lebanyeng gore ba tle ba kgone go baya lefatshe mo maemong aa fa godimo bogolo jang baithuti ba kwa mmadikolo. ==Metswedi== {{reflist}} Dithuto mo Botswana di felela ka lekwalo la lesome le bobedi. ==Dikgolagano tsa kwa ntle== {{commons category|Education in Botswana}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20110117191700/http://www.moe.gov.bw/ Botswana Ministry of Education] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20090322042351/http://www.sacmeq.org/education-botswana.htm Education Statistics and Quality of Education in Botswana], Southern and Eastern Africa Consortium for Monitoring Educational Quality (SACMEQ) *[http://www.unesco.org/education/uie/documentation/Literacyinbotswana.pdf Literacy and education in Botswana bibliography] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20110928121434/http://www.infodev.org/en/Publication.387.html Information Communication Technology in Botswana] (e nankola kitso ka kakaretso) *[https://web.archive.org/web/20080514091311/http://www.bc.edu/bc_org/avp/soe/cihe/inhea/profiles/Botswana.htm Profile of higher education in Botswana] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20081203160324/http://www.unbotswana.org.bw/undp/docs/bots_education_final.pdf The impact of HIV/AIDS on education in Botswana] {{Education in Africa}} [[Category:Thuto mo Botswana]] {{Botswana-stub}} {{Education-stub}} == Dikaralo tsa thuto mo Botswana == === Sekolo sa bana ba bannye === Sekolo sa bana ba ba nnye, ke sekolo se se sa pateletsweng ,se akaretsa thuto ya bana ba ba nnye e e direlwang mo [[:en:Classroom|ntlwaneng ya borutelo .]]Sekolo se ke sa bana ba dingwaga tse di kwa tlase ga tse tlhano go ya go di le thataro. Dintlha tsa tlhokomelo ya bana ba ba nnye le thuto ya bone di ne tsa akarediwa mo melaong e e tlhabolotsweng ya thuto kgotsa (RNPE) ka ngwaga wa 1994. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2001 |title=Early Childhood Care and Education Policy: Based on the Framework of the Revised National Policy on Education (Rnpe) Government White Paper No. 2 of 1994 |url=http://www.africanchildforum.org/clr/policy%20per%20country/botswana/botswana_earlychildhood_2001_en.pdf |access-date=28 May 2022 |website=African Child Forum}}</ref> Boikarabelo bo bontsi jwa go fa ditlamelo tsa mananeo a thuto ya bana ba bannye bo mo makalaneng a dikgwebo tse e seng tsa ga goromente le a setšhaba go na le mo pusong.<ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Education |url=https://www.unicef.org/botswana/education |access-date=18 July 2026 |publisher=UNICEF Botswana}}</ref></ref> Ba ba thusang ka go tlamela thuto ya bana ba bannye e a bo ele fela go ikemela ka dinao ga bone go batla tshono ya go itshetsa ka kgwebo e, se e le go araba dikeletso tsa batsadi kgotsa batlhokomedi ba ba nang le letseno le le fa godimonyana e bile ba na le bokgoni jwa go isa bana ba bone dikolong tseo kgotsa e le go arabela diphetogo tsa ga segompieno mo lefatsheng ka bophara tsa paakanyetso ya thuto ya bana.<ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Maunganidze |first1=Langtone |last2=Tsamaase |first2=Marea |year=2014 |title=Early Childhood Education in Botswana: A Case of Fragmented “Fits” |url=https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ies/article/view/29736 |journal=International Education Studies |volume=7 |issue=5 |access-date=18 July 2026}}</ref></ref> Mananeo a le mantsi a a itebagantseng le baagedi ba mafelo a a farologaneng, dikgwebo, mekgatlho e e thusang e e sa direng dipoelo, merafe ya sedumedi le batho fela ba ba ikemetseng ka nosi ba tlhokomelo ya bana ke dikai tsa batho ba ba fang thuto ya bana ba ba iseng ba tsene sekolo. <ref name="Glavin"/> Sekolo sa bana ba bannye se ka akaretsa thuto ya sengwe le sengwe kgotsa se ka nna le dithuto tse e leng gore se tsepame mo go tsone thata, jaaka thuto ya botaki le tiro ya diatla, thuto ya bodumedi, katiso mo go tsa metshameko, kgotsa go ithuta puo ya batswakwa, fa godimo ga moo se ntse se e fa le ditlamelo tsa thuto ya kakaretso. Mosola wa thuto ya bana ba bannye ga o ka ke wa gatelelwa go feta selekanyo ka gore bana ba gola go ya ka kgolo ya tlhaloganyo ga mmogo le go buisana le batho. == Dikaralo tsa thuto mo Botswana == === Sekolo sa bana ba bannye === Sekolo sa bana ba ba nnye, ke sekolo se se sa pateletsweng ,se akaretsa thuto ya bana ba ba nnye e e direlwang mo [[:en:Classroom|ntlwaneng ya borutelo .]]Sekolo se ke sa bana ba dingwaga tse di kwa tlase ga tse tlhano go ya go di le thataro. Dintlha tsa tlhokomelo ya bana ba ba nnye le thuto ya bone di ne tsa akarediwa mo melaong e e tlhabolotsweng ya thuto kgotsa (RNPE) ka ngwaga wa 1994. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2001 |title=Early Childhood Care and Education Policy: Based on the Framework of the Revised National Policy on Education (Rnpe) Government White Paper No. 2 of 1994 |url=http://www.africanchildforum.org/clr/policy%20per%20country/botswana/botswana_earlychildhood_2001_en.pdf |access-date=28 May 2022 |website=African Child Forum}}</ref> Boikarabelo bo bontsi jwa go fa ditlamelo tsa mananeo a thuto ya bana ba bannye bo mo makalaneng a dikgwebo tse e seng tsa ga goromente le a setšhaba go na le mo pusong.<ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Education |url=https://www.unicef.org/botswana/education |access-date=18 July 2026 |publisher=UNICEF Botswana}}</ref></ref> Ba ba thusang ka go tlamela thuto ya bana ba bannye e a bo ele fela go ikemela ka dinao ga bone go batla tshono ya go itshetsa ka kgwebo e, se e le go araba dikeletso tsa batsadi kgotsa batlhokomedi ba ba nang le letseno le le fa godimonyana e bile ba na le bokgoni jwa go isa bana ba bone dikolong tseo kgotsa e le go arabela diphetogo tsa ga segompieno mo lefatsheng ka bophara tsa paakanyetso ya thuto ya bana.<ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Maunganidze |first1=Langtone |last2=Tsamaase |first2=Marea |year=2014 |title=Early Childhood Education in Botswana: A Case of Fragmented “Fits” |url=https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ies/article/view/29736 |journal=International Education Studies |volume=7 |issue=5 |access-date=18 July 2026}}</ref></ref> Mananeo a le mantsi a a itebagantseng le baagedi ba mafelo a a farologaneng, dikgwebo, mekgatlho e e thusang e e sa direng dipoelo, merafe ya sedumedi le batho fela ba ba ikemetseng ka nosi ba tlhokomelo ya bana ke dikai tsa batho ba ba fang thuto ya bana ba ba iseng ba tsene sekolo. <ref name="Glavin"/> Sekolo sa bana ba bannye se ka akaretsa thuto ya sengwe le sengwe kgotsa se ka nna le dithuto tse e leng gore se tsepame mo go tsone thata, jaaka thuto ya botaki le tiro ya diatla, thuto ya bodumedi, katiso mo go tsa metshameko, kgotsa go ithuta puo ya batswakwa, fa godimo ga moo se ntse se e fa le ditlamelo tsa thuto ya kakaretso. Mosola wa thuto ya bana ba bannye ga o ka ke wa gatelelwa go feta selekanyo ka gore bana ba gola go ya ka kgolo ya tlhaloganyo ga mmogo le go buisana le batho. Puso ya Botswana go simolola ka ngwaga wa 2015 e simolotse go bula mananeo a thuto ya bana ba bannye mo dikoleng tse dipotlana tse dintsi tsa puso mo lefatsheng ka bophara ka maikaelelo a go rotloetsa thuto ya bana ba bannye. <ref name="Glavin"/> Se se simolotse ka go bula ntlwana ya borutelo ya bana ba ba iseng ba tsene sekolo pele ga ba dira lokwalo la ntlha, se se dirwa morago ga baithuti ba lokwalo la bosupa ba fetsa go kwala ditlhatlhobo tsa bone tsa makgaolakgang. Dintlwana tsa bone tsa borutelo di ne di tlaabo di sena ope mo mafelong a ngwaga otlhe wa dithuto, ka jalo ka tsela e o ba ka kgona go amogela bana ba o ba ba dingwaga di le botlhano. Go tswelela ka seo, puso jaanong e tsenya tirisong lenaneo la dingwaga di le pedi la bana ba dingwaga di le bone le botlhano. Fa godimo ga moo, puso ya Botswana le yone e simolotse go ela tlhoko thata thuto ya bana ba bannye. == Dikaralo tsa thuto mo Botswana == === Sekolo sa bana ba bannye === Sekolo sa bana ba ba nnye, ke sekolo se se sa pateletsweng ,se akaretsa thuto ya bana ba ba nnye e e direlwang mo [[:en:Classroom|ntlwaneng ya borutelo .]]Sekolo se ke sa bana ba dingwaga tse di kwa tlase ga tse tlhano go ya go di le thataro. Dintlha tsa tlhokomelo ya bana ba ba nnye le thuto ya bone di ne tsa akarediwa mo melaong e e tlhabolotsweng ya thuto kgotsa (RNPE) ka ngwaga wa 1994. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2001 |title=Early Childhood Care and Education Policy: Based on the Framework of the Revised National Policy on Education (Rnpe) Government White Paper No. 2 of 1994 |url=http://www.africanchildforum.org/clr/policy%20per%20country/botswana/botswana_earlychildhood_2001_en.pdf |access-date=28 May 2022 |website=African Child Forum}}</ref> Boikarabelo bo bontsi jwa go fa ditlamelo tsa mananeo a thuto ya bana ba bannye bo mo makalaneng a dikgwebo tse e seng tsa ga goromente le a setšhaba go na le mo pusong.<ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Education |url=https://www.unicef.org/botswana/education |access-date=18 July 2026 |publisher=UNICEF Botswana}}</ref></ref> Ba ba thusang ka go tlamela thuto ya bana ba bannye e a bo ele fela go ikemela ka dinao ga bone go batla tshono ya go itshetsa ka kgwebo e, se e le go araba dikeletso tsa batsadi kgotsa batlhokomedi ba ba nang le letseno le le fa godimonyana e bile ba na le bokgoni jwa go isa bana ba bone dikolong tseo kgotsa e le go arabela diphetogo tsa ga segompieno mo lefatsheng ka bophara tsa paakanyetso ya thuto ya bana.<ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Maunganidze |first1=Langtone |last2=Tsamaase |first2=Marea |year=2014 |title=Early Childhood Education in Botswana: A Case of Fragmented “Fits” |url=https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ies/article/view/29736 |journal=International Education Studies |volume=7 |issue=5 |access-date=18 July 2026}}</ref></ref> Mananeo a le mantsi a a itebagantseng le baagedi ba mafelo a a farologaneng, dikgwebo, mekgatlho e e thusang e e sa direng dipoelo, merafe ya sedumedi le batho fela ba ba ikemetseng ka nosi ba tlhokomelo ya bana ke dikai tsa batho ba ba fang thuto ya bana ba ba iseng ba tsene sekolo. <ref name="Glavin"/> Sekolo sa bana ba bannye se ka akaretsa thuto ya sengwe le sengwe kgotsa se ka nna le dithuto tse e leng gore se tsepame mo go tsone thata, jaaka thuto ya botaki le tiro ya diatla, thuto ya bodumedi, katiso mo go tsa metshameko, kgotsa go ithuta puo ya batswakwa, fa godimo ga moo se ntse se e fa le ditlamelo tsa thuto ya kakaretso. Mosola wa thuto ya bana ba bannye ga o ka ke wa gatelelwa go feta selekanyo ka gore bana ba gola go ya ka kgolo ya tlhaloganyo ga mmogo le go buisana le batho. Puso ya Botswana go simolola ka ngwaga wa 2015 e simolotse go bula mananeo a thuto ya bana ba bannye mo dikoleng tse dipotlana tse dintsi tsa puso mo lefatsheng ka bophara ka maikaelelo a go rotloetsa thuto ya bana ba bannye. <ref name="Glavin"/> Se se simolotse ka go bula ntlwana ya borutelo ya bana ba ba iseng ba tsene sekolo pele ga ba dira lokwalo la ntlha, se se dirwa morago ga baithuti ba lokwalo la bosupa ba fetsa go kwala ditlhatlhobo tsa bone tsa makgaolakgang. Dintlwana tsa bone tsa borutelo di ne di tlaabo di sena ope mo mafelong a ngwaga otlhe wa dithuto, ka jalo ka tsela e o ba ka kgona go amogela bana ba o ba ba dingwaga di le botlhano. Go tswelela ka seo, puso jaanong e tsenya tirisong lenaneo la dingwaga di le pedi la bana ba dingwaga di le bone le botlhano. Fa godimo ga moo, puso ya Botswana le yone e simolotse go ela tlhoko thata thuto ya bana ba bannye. === Thuto-potlana === Thuto e e potlana e simolola ka kamogelo ya bana ba ba iseng ba simolole lekwalo la ntlha go fitlha ka lokwalo la bosupa. == Dikaralo tsa thuto mo Botswana == === Sekolo sa bana ba bannye === Sekolo sa bana ba ba nnye, ke sekolo se se sa pateletsweng ,se akaretsa thuto ya bana ba ba nnye e e direlwang mo [[:en:Classroom|ntlwaneng ya borutelo .]]Sekolo se ke sa bana ba dingwaga tse di kwa tlase ga tse tlhano go ya go di le thataro. Dintlha tsa tlhokomelo ya bana ba ba nnye le thuto ya bone di ne tsa akarediwa mo melaong e e tlhabolotsweng ya thuto kgotsa (RNPE) ka ngwaga wa 1994. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2001 |title=Early Childhood Care and Education Policy: Based on the Framework of the Revised National Policy on Education (Rnpe) Government White Paper No. 2 of 1994 |url=http://www.africanchildforum.org/clr/policy%20per%20country/botswana/botswana_earlychildhood_2001_en.pdf |access-date=28 May 2022 |website=African Child Forum}}</ref> Boikarabelo bo bontsi jwa go fa ditlamelo tsa mananeo a thuto ya bana ba bannye bo mo makalaneng a dikgwebo tse e seng tsa ga goromente le a setšhaba go na le mo pusong.<ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Education |url=https://www.unicef.org/botswana/education |access-date=18 July 2026 |publisher=UNICEF Botswana}}</ref></ref> Ba ba thusang ka go tlamela thuto ya bana ba bannye e a bo ele fela go ikemela ka dinao ga bone go batla tshono ya go itshetsa ka kgwebo e, se e le go araba dikeletso tsa batsadi kgotsa batlhokomedi ba ba nang le letseno le le fa godimonyana e bile ba na le bokgoni jwa go isa bana ba bone dikolong tseo kgotsa e le go arabela diphetogo tsa ga segompieno mo lefatsheng ka bophara tsa paakanyetso ya thuto ya bana.<ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Maunganidze |first1=Langtone |last2=Tsamaase |first2=Marea |year=2014 |title=Early Childhood Education in Botswana: A Case of Fragmented “Fits” |url=https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ies/article/view/29736 |journal=International Education Studies |volume=7 |issue=5 |access-date=18 July 2026}}</ref></ref> Mananeo a le mantsi a a itebagantseng le baagedi ba mafelo a a farologaneng, dikgwebo, mekgatlho e e thusang e e sa direng dipoelo, merafe ya sedumedi le batho fela ba ba ikemetseng ka nosi ba tlhokomelo ya bana ke dikai tsa batho ba ba fang thuto ya bana ba ba iseng ba tsene sekolo. <ref name="Glavin"/> Sekolo sa bana ba bannye se ka akaretsa thuto ya sengwe le sengwe kgotsa se ka nna le dithuto tse e leng gore se tsepame mo go tsone thata, jaaka thuto ya botaki le tiro ya diatla, thuto ya bodumedi, katiso mo go tsa metshameko, kgotsa go ithuta puo ya batswakwa, fa godimo ga moo se ntse se e fa le ditlamelo tsa thuto ya kakaretso. Mosola wa thuto ya bana ba bannye ga o ka ke wa gatelelwa go feta selekanyo ka gore bana ba gola go ya ka kgolo ya tlhaloganyo ga mmogo le go buisana le batho. Puso ya Botswana go simolola ka ngwaga wa 2015 e simolotse go bula mananeo a thuto ya bana ba bannye mo dikoleng tse dipotlana tse dintsi tsa puso mo lefatsheng ka bophara ka maikaelelo a go rotloetsa thuto ya bana ba bannye. <ref name="Glavin"/> Se se simolotse ka go bula ntlwana ya borutelo ya bana ba ba iseng ba tsene sekolo pele ga ba dira lokwalo la ntlha, se se dirwa morago ga baithuti ba lokwalo la bosupa ba fetsa go kwala ditlhatlhobo tsa bone tsa makgaolakgang. Dintlwana tsa bone tsa borutelo di ne di tlaabo di sena ope mo mafelong a ngwaga otlhe wa dithuto, ka jalo ka tsela e o ba ka kgona go amogela bana ba o ba ba dingwaga di le botlhano. Go tswelela ka seo, puso jaanong e tsenya tirisong lenaneo la dingwaga di le pedi la bana ba dingwaga di le bone le botlhano. Fa godimo ga moo, puso ya Botswana le yone e simolotse go ela tlhoko thata thuto ya bana ba bannye. === Thuto-potlana === Thuto e e potlana e simolola ka kamogelo ya bana ba ba iseng ba simolole lekwalo la ntlha go fitlha ka lokwalo la bosupa. Bana ba kwadisiwa mo sekolong se se potlana fa ba le dingwaga di ka nna thataro. Tsamaiso ya go ruta mo thutong ya sekolo se se potlana e laolwa ke thulaganyo ya dikolo ya lefatshe. Kgaolo ya sekolo e tlhopha dikaedi tsa tsamaiso ya go ruta le dibuka tse di bontshang maemo a go ithuta a puso ya lefatshe le ditekanyetso tsa maemo a mophato o o rileng. Go na le mefuta e le mebedi ya thuto e e potlana e e ka fitlhelwang mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Puso e fa thuto ya kakaretso ka teme ya Setswana, puo e ya Setswana e dirisiwa go ruta bana ga mmogo le teme ya Sekgoa. Lekalana la dikgwebo le fa dithuto tse puo ya thuto e leng Sekgoa fela, dikolo tse di bidiwa 'dikolo tsa Sekgoa'. == Dikaralo tsa thuto mo Botswana == === Sekolo sa bana ba bannye === Sekolo sa bana ba ba nnye, ke sekolo se se sa pateletsweng ,se akaretsa thuto ya bana ba ba nnye e e direlwang mo [[:en:Classroom|ntlwaneng ya borutelo .]]Sekolo se ke sa bana ba dingwaga tse di kwa tlase ga tse tlhano go ya go di le thataro. Dintlha tsa tlhokomelo ya bana ba ba nnye le thuto ya bone di ne tsa akarediwa mo melaong e e tlhabolotsweng ya thuto kgotsa (RNPE) ka ngwaga wa 1994. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2001 |title=Early Childhood Care and Education Policy: Based on the Framework of the Revised National Policy on Education (Rnpe) Government White Paper No. 2 of 1994 |url=http://www.africanchildforum.org/clr/policy%20per%20country/botswana/botswana_earlychildhood_2001_en.pdf |access-date=28 May 2022 |website=African Child Forum}}</ref> Boikarabelo bo bontsi jwa go fa ditlamelo tsa mananeo a thuto ya bana ba bannye bo mo makalaneng a dikgwebo tse e seng tsa ga goromente le a setšhaba go na le mo pusong.<ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Education |url=https://www.unicef.org/botswana/education |access-date=18 July 2026 |publisher=UNICEF Botswana}}</ref></ref> Ba ba thusang ka go tlamela thuto ya bana ba bannye e a bo ele fela go ikemela ka dinao ga bone go batla tshono ya go itshetsa ka kgwebo e, se e le go araba dikeletso tsa batsadi kgotsa batlhokomedi ba ba nang le letseno le le fa godimonyana e bile ba na le bokgoni jwa go isa bana ba bone dikolong tseo kgotsa e le go arabela diphetogo tsa ga segompieno mo lefatsheng ka bophara tsa paakanyetso ya thuto ya bana.<ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Maunganidze |first1=Langtone |last2=Tsamaase |first2=Marea |year=2014 |title=Early Childhood Education in Botswana: A Case of Fragmented “Fits” |url=https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ies/article/view/29736 |journal=International Education Studies |volume=7 |issue=5 |access-date=18 July 2026}}</ref></ref> Mananeo a le mantsi a a itebagantseng le baagedi ba mafelo a a farologaneng, dikgwebo, mekgatlho e e thusang e e sa direng dipoelo, merafe ya sedumedi le batho fela ba ba ikemetseng ka nosi ba tlhokomelo ya bana ke dikai tsa batho ba ba fang thuto ya bana ba ba iseng ba tsene sekolo. <ref name="Glavin">{{Cite web |last=Glavin |first=Chris |date=2017-01-25 |title=Education stages |url=https://www.k12academics.com/Education%20Worldwide/Education%20in%20Botswana/education-stages |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=K12 Academics |language=en |archive-date=2025-07-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250728043643/https://www.k12academics.com/Education%20Worldwide/Education%20in%20Botswana/education-stages |url-status=dead }}</ref> Sekolo sa bana ba bannye se ka akaretsa thuto ya sengwe le sengwe kgotsa se ka nna le dithuto tse e leng gore se tsepame mo go tsone thata, jaaka thuto ya botaki le tiro ya diatla, thuto ya bodumedi, katiso mo go tsa metshameko, kgotsa go ithuta puo ya batswakwa, fa godimo ga moo se ntse se e fa le ditlamelo tsa thuto ya kakaretso. Mosola wa thuto ya bana ba bannye ga o ka ke wa gatelelwa go feta selekanyo ka gore bana ba gola go ya ka kgolo ya tlhaloganyo ga mmogo le go buisana le batho. Puso ya Botswana go simolola ka ngwaga wa 2015 e simolotse go bula mananeo a thuto ya bana ba bannye mo dikoleng tse dipotlana tse dintsi tsa puso mo lefatsheng ka bophara ka maikaelelo a go rotloetsa thuto ya bana ba bannye. <ref name="Glavin"/> Se se simolotse ka go bula ntlwana ya borutelo ya bana ba ba iseng ba tsene sekolo pele ga ba dira lokwalo la ntlha, se se dirwa morago ga baithuti ba lokwalo la bosupa ba fetsa go kwala ditlhatlhobo tsa bone tsa makgaolakgang. Dintlwana tsa bone tsa borutelo di ne di tlaabo di sena ope mo mafelong a ngwaga otlhe wa dithuto, ka jalo ka tsela e o ba ka kgona go amogela bana ba o ba ba dingwaga di le botlhano. Go tswelela ka seo, puso jaanong e tsenya tirisong lenaneo la dingwaga di le pedi la bana ba dingwaga di le bone le botlhano. Fa godimo ga moo, puso ya Botswana le yone e simolotse go ela tlhoko thata thuto ya bana ba bannye. === Thuto-potlana === Thuto e e potlana e simolola ka kamogelo ya bana ba ba iseng ba simolole lekwalo la ntlha go fitlha ka lokwalo la bosupa. Bana ba kwadisiwa mo sekolong se se potlana fa ba le dingwaga di ka nna thataro. Tsamaiso ya go ruta mo thutong ya sekolo se se potlana e laolwa ke thulaganyo ya dikolo ya lefatshe. Kgaolo ya sekolo e tlhopha dikaedi tsa tsamaiso ya go ruta le dibuka tse di bontshang maemo a go ithuta a puso ya lefatshe le ditekanyetso tsa maemo a mophato o o rileng. Go na le mefuta e le mebedi ya thuto e e potlana e e ka fitlhelwang mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Puso e fa thuto ya kakaretso ka teme ya Setswana, puo e ya Setswana e dirisiwa go ruta bana ga mmogo le teme ya Sekgoa. Lekalana la dikgwebo le fa dithuto tse puo ya thuto e leng Sekgoa fela, dikolo tse di bidiwa 'dikolo tsa Sekgoa'. === Thuto e e kgolwane === [[Setshwantsho:Kgari_sechele_secondary_school.jpg|thumb|230x230px|Sekolo se segolwane sa Kgari Sechele, sekolo se segolwane se se tsamaisiwang ke puso.]] Thuto ya sekolo se segolwane e simolola ka lekwalo le legolwane la ntlha go fitlhelela la botlhano (sekolo se segolwane mme se le fa tlase se simolola ka lowalo la ntlha go fitlhelela kwa go la boraro; sekolo se segolwane ebile se le fa godimo se simolola ka lokwalo la bone go fitlhelela kwa go la botlhano ). Baithuti gantsi ba fiwa kgololesego e le ntsi, ba tsamaya ba ya kwa dintlwaneng tsa borutelo tse di farologaneng, ebile ba fiwa tetla ya go tlhopha dingwe tsa dithuto tsa bone tse di bidiwang dithuto tsa maitlhophelo. Dingwaga tsa ntlha tse tharo tsa thuto e e kgolwane di isa kwa setlankaneng sa dithuto tsa makgaolakgang tsa lokwalo la boraro, mme morago ga dingwaga tse dingwe tse pedi tsa go ithuta baithuti ba kwala tlhatlhobo ya makgaolakgang ya lokwalo la botlhano. === Thuto ya ithutelo-tiro === [[Mmadikolo wa Botswana|Yunibesithi ya Botswana]], Yunibesithi ya Botho, [[Sekolo se Segolwane sa Limkokwing|Yunibesithi ya Limkokwing ya Thekenoloji ya Boitlhamedi]], [https://baisago.ac.bw/ Yunibesithi ya Ba Isago], [https://abm.ac.bw/ Kholetšhe ya ABM], <ref>{{Cite web |title=Welcome To ABM University College |url=https://abm.ac.bw/ |access-date=2022-05-28 |website=ABM University College |language=en-US}}</ref> Yunibesithi ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Botswana ya Maranyane le Boitseanape , <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-01-12 |title=Botswana International University of Science & Technology |url=https://www.biust.ac.bw/ |access-date=2022-05-28 |language=en-US}}</ref> [https://www.bou.ac.bw/ Botswana Open University], [https://www.buan.ac.bw/ Setheo sa Botswana sa Temothuo le Ditsompelo tsa Tlhago], Yunibesithi [https://web.archive.org/web/20240226183114/https://gips.co.bw/ ya Gaborone] [https://web.archive.org/web/20260719132740/https://www.guc.ac.bw/ ya Dithuto] tsa Molao ke dikolo tse di fang thuto ya ithutelo tiro mo lefatsheng la Botswana. [[Mmadikolo wa Botswana|Yunibesithi ya Botswana]] ke sekolo sa setšhaba se se tlhomilweng ka ngwaga wa 1982 ka molao wa palamente <ref>{{Cite web |date=1982 |title=University of Botswana Act, 1982 |url=https://botswanalaws.com/StatutesActpdf/1982Actpdf/UNIVERSITY%20OF%20BOTSWANA%20ACT,%20NO.%2011%20OF%201982.pdf |access-date=28 May 2022 |website=Laws of Botswana}}</ref> mme ntlokgolo ya sone e kwa [[Gaborone]] . == Tlhomamiso ya tsamaelano ya thuto le seemo sa lefatshe la Botswana == E ne ya re mo nakong e e sa fediseng pelo, morago ga lefatshe la Botswana le sena go tsaya boipuso, ga lemogiwa gore tsamaiso ya thuto ga e fitlhelele matlhokego a setšhaba. E ne e tsentse mogopolo o montsi thata mo thutong ya buka mme ebile e ne e santse e na le matlhasedi a puso ya batho-basweu. Bontsi jwa dilo tse di neng di ithuthuntshiwa di ne di sa tsamaisane le seemo sa botshelo jwa SeAferika, ka jalo dipalo tsa baithuti ba ba neng ba tlogela sekolo di ne di le kwa godimo. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Glavin |first=Chris |date=2017-01-25 |title=Tswanification of the curriculum |url=https://www.k12academics.com/Education%20Worldwide/Education%20in%20Botswana/tswanification-curriculum |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=K12 Academics |language=en |archive-date=2021-05-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516024002/https://www.k12academics.com/Education%20Worldwide/Education%20in%20Botswana/tswanification-curriculum |url-status=dead }}</ref> Go ise go ye kae go ne ga lemogiwa gore go tlhokega phetogo. Baeteledipele ba lefatshe ba ne ba nna le mogopolo wa thulaganyo ya thuto e e neng e tlaa fa botlhe tshono ya go bona thuto e e rileng le go tshegetsa kutlwano magareng ga batho morago ga go lemoga gore setshaba sa Botswana se kgaogantswe go ya ka merafe e e farologaneng ka jalo ba le bantsi ba eme ka nosi.<ref>https://journals.ub.bw/index.php/mosenodi/article/download/1594/1013</ref>E ne ya re ka ngwaga wa 1977 komiti e e neng e tlhomilwe ke puso ya Botswana e ne ya phatlalatsa pego ka ga phetolo ya thuto ka setlhogo se se reng ‘thuto mabapi le kagisano’. <ref name=":1" /> Molao o wa ntlha wa setšhaba wa thuto (NPE) wa ngwaga wa 1977 o ne wa diriwa e le tsibogo ya baeteledipele ba lefatshe la Botswana, ka nako e o, go tswa mo mokgweng wa go ruta wa puso ya batho-basweu ba lefatshe la Borithane fa thuto e ne e le ya batho ba maemo a a rileng go ya kwa thulaganyong e e akaretsang botlhe.<ref>https://www.africabib.org/rec.php?RID=12460496X</ref> Jaaka go gakolotswe mo pegong, go ne ga tsenngwa dithuto tse dintsha tsa konokono mo tsamaisong ya dikolo, mme tsa dira gore thuto e nne maleba le lefatshe la Botswana. <ref name=":1" /> Maikaelelo a mokgwa yo wa thuto e, e ne ele go lebagana thata le tiro ya diatla gore baithuti ba kgone go bona tiro. ehyzmax77id6hp50pz4ioa9zrfnpsdi 0 8457 54458 29978 2026-09-05T14:17:56Z Skwelea 12487 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1371648705|Climate]]" 54458 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Loapi''' ke mokgwa wa maemo a bosa wa lebaka e telele mo tlhamong, o gantsi o diriwang mo dingwageng di le masome a le tharo (30). <ref name="IPCC-2021">{{Cite web |last=Matthews |first=J.B. Robin |last2=Möller |first2=Vincent |last3=van Diemen |first3=Renée |last4=Fuglestvedt |first4=Jan S. |last5=Masson-Delmotte |first5=Valérie |last6=Méndez |first6=Carlos |last7=Semenov |first7=Sergey |last8=Reisinger |first8=Andy |date=2021 |title=Annex VII. Glossary: IPCC – Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_AnnexVII.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220605175306/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_AnnexVII.pdf |archive-date=2022-06-05 |access-date=2022-05-18 |website=[[IPCC Sixth Assessment Report]] |page=2222}}</ref> <ref name="NASA-20050201">{{Cite web |last=Shepherd |first=J. Marshall |last2=Shindell |first2=Drew |last3=O'Carroll |first3=Cynthia M. |date=1 February 2005 |title=What's the Difference Between Weather and Climate? |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/noaa-n/climate/climate_weather.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922095736/https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/noaa-n/climate/climate_weather.html/ |archive-date=22 September 2020 |access-date=13 November 2015 |website=[[NASA]]}}</ref> Ka tsela e e gagamaditsweng le go feta, ke palogare le go ga pharologano o tsa bosa mo tse di nakong e e simololang ka dikgwedi go ya go dimilione tsa dingwaga. Dingwe tsa diphetogo tsa bosa tse di tlwaelegileng go lekanyediwa ke themphereitšha, bongola, kgatelelo ya lefaufau, phefo, le pula . Ka kakaretso, tlelaemete ke seemo sa dikarolo tsa thulaganyo ya tlelaemete, go akaretsa lefaufau, lefaufau la metsi, lefaufau le le tsididi, lefaufau la matlapa le lefaufau la ditshedi le tirisano fa gare ga tsone . <ref name="IPCC-2021" /> Tlelaemete ya lefelo e amiwa ke latitšhutu, boleele, lefatshe, bogodimo, tiriso ya lefatshe le metsi a a gaufi le makhubu a yona . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gough |first=William A. |last2=Leung |first2=Andrew C. W. |date=2022 |title=Do Airports Have Their Own Climate? |journal=Meteorology |language=en |volume=1 |issue=2 |pages=171–182 |doi=10.3390/meteorology1020012 |issn=2674-0494 |doi-access=free}}</ref> mcwga10rrdstjau1prwwt9hp059ut8w 0 8634 54463 54170 2026-09-05T15:41:25Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 54463 wikitext text/x-wiki Tunisia,e e itsegeng semmuso e le '''Rephaboliki ya''' Tunisia, ke [[Dinaga tsa Afrika|lefatshe]] le le kwa bokone jwa [[Aferika]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Embassy of the Republic of Tunisia|url=https://www.tunisianembassy.org/|access-date=2021-09-30|publisher=Embassy of the Republic of Tunisia}}</ref> Ke karolo ya kgaolo ya Maghreb ya [[Afrika Bokone|Aferika Bokone]], e tshwaraganetse molelwane le [[Algeria]] go ya kwa bophirima le borwabophirima, le [[Libya]] go ya kwa borwabotlhaba, le [[Lewatle la Mediterranean]] go ya kwa bokone le botlhaba. E na le mafelo a ditso a [[Carthage]] a a saleng a nna teng go tloga ka lekgolo la bo9 la dingwaga, mmogo le Great Mosque ya [[Kairouan]]. E itsege ka kago ya yone ya bogologolo, marekisetso le bontle jwa lotshitshi la lewatle jo bo akaretsang 163,610 km2 (63,170 sq mi), mme e na le baagi ba le dimilione di le 12,1. E akaretsa bokhutlo jwa botlhaba jwa [[Dithaba tsa Atlas]] le bokone jwa sekaka sa [[Sahara]]; bontsi jwa karolo e kgolo ya sebatla sa yone ke sa temo. Dikilometara di le 1,300 (810 mi) tsa lotshitshi ke tse go kopanang teng dikgaolo tsa Afrika tse di leng mo bophirima le botlhaba jwa Mediterranean Basin. [[Tunisia]] o ikanegile mo bokone jwa Aferika, ko makopanelong a [[Cape Angela]]; mme motsemogolo wa lone le toropokgolo ke Tunis, e e mo lotshitshing lwa bokonebotlhaba, mme e naya lefatshe leina la lone. Go simolola mo metlheng ya maloba, baagi ba tlholegilng kwaTunisia ke Ba-[[Imazighen]] . [[Phoenicia|Ba-Fenikia]] ba ile ba tla go thibelela koo morago mo lekgolong la bo12 la dingwaga BC, ba tlhoma metse e le mmalwa, mme [[Carthage]] e ne ya fetoga go nna le maatla mo lekgolong la bosupa la dingwaga BC. Carthage e ne e le mmusomogolo wa [[:en:Mercantile|mercantile]] le batlhabani bagolo ba sesole kgatlhanong le [[Repaboliki ya Roma|Rephaboliki ya Roma]] go fitlha ka 146 BC, fa e ne e fenngwa ke Baroma ba saleng ba thibeletse mo Tunisia dingwaga di le makgolo a robabobedi tse di fitileng. Baroma ba ne ba tlisa [[Sekeresete|Bokeresete]] mme ba tlogela Amphitheatre ya El Jem e le ditso. Ba letso la [[Semoseleme]] ba ne ba fenya Tunisia mo lekgolong le bosupa la dingwaga AD, (e atlega go nna le dikgaolo di le 697 morago ga tse 647 kwa tshimologong), mme ba tlisa [[Boiselamo]] le [[Go Nna Moarabia|setso sa Searabia]] mo baaging ba lefelo leo. Morago ga moo, ka 1546, Mmusomogolo wa Ottoman o ne wa tlhoma taolo koo, mo dingwageng tse di fetang Makgolo a mararo, go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1881, fa Bafora ba fenya Tunisia. Ka 1956, [[Boipuso jwa Tunisia|Tunisia e ne ya tsaya boipuso]] mme ya nna Rephaboliki ya Tunisia ka fa tlase ga boeteledipele jwa ga [[Habib Bourguiba]] ka thuso ya batsosolosi jaaka Chedly Kallala, [[Farhat o Hutseditswe|Farhat]] Hached le [[Salah ben Youssef]]. Gompieno, setso le boitshupo jwa Tunisia di theilwe ka go kopana ga ditso le merafe e e farologanyeng go tswa bogologolong. Ka 2011, Dikgoberego tsa Tunisia, tse di neng di bakiwa ke go sa kgotsofalela kgololesego le temokerasi ka fa tlase ga puso ya ga tautona [[Zine El Abidine Ben Ali]], ya dingwaga tse di masome mabedi le bone, di ile tsa menola puso ya gagwe mme tsa rotloetsa mokgatlho o mogolo wa Arab Spring go ralala kgaolo.Go ne ga nna le Ditlhopho tsa palamente tsa makoko a le mantsi moragonyana fela ga moo; lefatshe le ne la bowa gape la tshwara ditlhopho tsa palamente ka Phalane a tlhola malatsi a le masome mabedi le borataro ka 2014<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.jeuneafrique.com/Article/ARTJAWEB20140625141745/|title=Tunisie : les législatives fixées au 26 octobre et la présidentielle au 23 novembre}}</ref>, le tsa botautona Ngwanaatsele a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boraro ka 2014.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Tunisia holds first post-revolution presidential poll|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-30165471}}</ref> Tunisia e ne ya nna repaboliki ya temokerasi ya boemedi jwa tautona morago ga referendum ya molaotheo ya 2022, Go tloga ka 2014 go ya kwa go 2020, Tunisia o ne a tsewa jaaka lefatshe le le nosi le le nag le kgololesego mo Lefatsheng la Maarabia, go ya ka Economist Intelligence Unit's Democracy Index<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://infographics.economist.com/2022/democracy-index-2021/index.html|title=Democracy Index 2021|access-date=22 February 2022}}</ref>, mme e ne ya tsewa e le puso ya boleng mo tshupaneng ya 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Democracy Index 2021: The China challenge|url=https://www.eiu.com/n/campaigns/democracy-index-2021/|website=Economist Intelligence Unit|access-date=2 March 2022|page=6–7|archive-date=10 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220210003136/https://www.eiu.com/n/campaigns/democracy-index-2021/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ke lengwe la mafatshe a le mmalwa mo [[Aferika]] a a leng kwa godimo mo Human Development Index, le na le [[Lenaane la dinaga tsa Aforika ka GDP (PPP) ka motho|letseno le le kwa godimo go gaisa]] mo kontinenteng, le le mo maemong a bo 129 mo GDP ya letseno. Tunisia e kopantswe sentle le setšhaba sa boditšhabatšhaba. Ke leloko la United Nations, La [[Francophonie]], Arab League, OIC, African Union, COMESA, Non-Aligned Movement, International Criminal Court, le Group of 77, gareng ga tse dingwe. E na le tirisano mmogo e e siameng le mafatshe a Yuropa mo go tsa itsholelo le sepolotiki, segolo jang Fora<ref>[http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/dossiers-pays/tunisie/ "Tunisie – France-Diplomatie – Ministère des Affaires étrangères et du Développement international"]. </ref>, le Italy,<ref>{{in lang|fr}} [http://www.jolpress.com/italie-matteo-renzi-tunisie-article-824677.html "Pourquoi l'Italie de Matteo Renzi se tourne vers la Tunisie avant l'Europe"].</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Ghanmi|first=Monia|date=12 September 2014|url=http://magharebia.com/fr/articles/awi/articles/2014/09/12/feature-02|title=La Tunisie renforce ses relations avec l'Italie|language=fr|work=Magharebia}}</ref> ka ntlha ya go kopanela molelwane. Tunisia gape e na le tumalano ya tirisanommogo le European Union mme e ne ya tsaya maemo a go sa nna mophato o mogolo wa Nato ya [[USA|United States]]. == Maina == Lefoko Tunisia le tswa mo go Tunis; e leng lefelo le le mo khubung ya toropo le motsemogolo wa ''Tunisia'' wa segompieno. Mokgwa wa leina leo wa segompieno, le kgolagano ya lone le Selatine ''{{Nowrap|-ia}}'', o tswa mo Seforeng {{Lang|fr|Tunisie}}<ref name="adrian2">{{cite book|last=Room|first=Adrian|title=Placenames of the World: Origins and Meanings of the Names for 6,600 Countries, Cities, Territories, Natural Features, and Historic Sites|url=https://archive.org/details/placenamesofworl02edroom|publisher=McFarland|year=2006|page=[https://archive.org/details/placenamesofworl02edroom/page/n394 385]|isbn=978-0-7864-2248-7}}</ref>, mme gantsi o amanngwa le modi wa Berber, o o ranololwang e le {{Lang|ber-Latn|tns}}, o o rayang "go robala" kgotsa go "kampa".<ref name="peter-ross2">{{cite book|first1=Peter M.|last1=Rossi|first2=Wayne Edward|last2=White|title=Articles on the Middle East, 1947–1971: A Cumulation of the Bibliographies from the Middle East Journal|publisher=Pierian Press, [[University of Michigan]]|year=1980|page=132}}</ref> Nako tse dingwe o amanngwa le modimo wa sesadi wa Punic Tanith (kgotsa Tunit)<ref name="adrian2" /><ref>{{cite book|last=Taylor|first=Isaac|title=Names and Their Histories: A Handbook of Historical Geography and Topographical Nomenclature|publisher=BiblioBazaar, LLC|year=2008|page=281|isbn=978-0-559-29668-0}}</ref>, le motse wa bogologolo wa Tynes.<ref name="adrian">{{Cite book}}</ref><ref name="hann-war2">{{cite book|title=[[Ab urbe condita (Livy)|History of Rome]]|volume=Hannibal's War: Books Twenty-one to Thirty|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2006|page=705|isbn=978-0-19-283159-0|author=[[Livy]]|editor1-first=John|editor1-last=Yardley|editor2-last=Hoyos|editor2-first=Dexter|name-list-style=amp}}</ref> Leina la Sefora la {{Lang|fr|Tunisie}} le ne la amogelwa mo dipuong dingwe tsa Yuropa ka diphetogo tse ditshesane, go tsenngwa leina le le kgethegileng go fa tlhaloso ya lefatshe. Dipuo tse dingwe di tlogetse leina le sa fetolwa ka gope, jaaka Se-Russia e leng Túни́с (Tunís) le [[Sespan|Se-Spain]] {{Lang|ru|Туни́с}}. Mo kgannyeng e, leina le le dirisiwa go kaya lefatshe le toropo, jaaka go ntse ka Searabia تونس, mme fela motho o ka kgona farologanya bobedi jo go ya ka se go buiwang ka sone. == Hisitori == === Bogologolo ===   Mekgwa ya temothuo ne ya fitlha kwa Mokgatšheng wa Nile go tswa kgaolong ya Fertile Crescent kwa 5000 BC, mme ya anamela kwa Maghreb ka 4000 BC. Ka nako eo ,Ditšhaba tsa temothuo mo dipoeng tse di bongola tsa lotshitshi lwa bogare jwa Tunisia ke badimo ba merafe ya gompieno ya Berber. [[Setshwantsho:Carthaginianempire.PNG|left|thumb|Mafelo a a ikaegileng ka Carthage le a a sireleditsweng ka Dintwa tsa Punic.]] Mo bogologolong go ne go dumelwa fa Aferika a thamilwe ke morafe wa [[Gaetuli|Ba-Gaetuli]] le Ba-Libya, bobedi jo e ne e le bakgarakgatshegi. Go ya ka mokwadi wa hisitori wa Moroma Sallust, modingwana Hercules o ne a swela kwa Spain mme masole a gagwe a a buwa dipuo tse di farologaneng kwa botlhaba ba ne ba tlogelwa go nna mo lefelong leo, fa ba bangwe ba ne ba fudugela kwa [[Aferika]]. Baperesia ba ne ba tsamaela kwa Bophirima mme ba nyalana le Ba-Gaetuli mme ba fetoga nna Ba-Numidia. Ba-Meda ba ne ba nna foo mme ba itsiwe jaaka Mauri, moragonyana Moors.<ref>Banjamin Isaac, ''The Invention of Racism in Classical Antiquity'', Princeton University Press, 2013 p.147</ref> Ba-Numidia le Ba-Moor ba ne ba tswa mo morafeng o e leng gore Ba-Berber ba ne ba tswa mo go one. Tlhaloso ya re Numidian ke Nomad mme tota batho ba e ne e le bakgarakgatshegi go fitlha ka puso ya Masinissa ya morafe wa Massyli.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://hannibalbarca.webspace.virginmedia.com/carthage-numidians.htm|title=Carthage and the Numidians|publisher=Hannibalbarca.webspace.virginmedia.com|access-date=28 October 2011|archive-date=31 March 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120331154523/http://hannibalbarca.webspace.virginmedia.com/carthage-numidians.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://fanaticus.org/DBA/armies/II40-57.html|title=Numidians (DBA II/40) and Moors (DBA II/57)|publisher=Fanaticus.org|date=12 December 2001|access-date=28 October 2011|archive-date=27 September 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927024947/http://www.fanaticus.org/DBA/armies/II40-57.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Kwa tshimologong go ya ka hisitori e e kwadilweng, morafe wa [[Batho ba Ba-Berber|Berber]] ke one baagi ba Tunisia. Lotshitshi lwa yone lo agilwe ke Ba-Fenike bogologo mo tshimologong ya lekgolo la bo12 la dingwaga BC (Bizerte, Utica). Toropo ya Carthage e theilwe mo lekgolong la bo9 la dingwaga BC ke Bafenikia. Bathami ba bolela gore Dido go tswa kwa Ture, yo jaanong e leng Lebanona wa segompieno, o tlhomilwe toropo ka 814 BC, se se buiwa gape ke mokwadi wa Mogerika Timaeus wa Tauromenium. Baagi ba Carthage ba ne ba tisa ditso le tumelo ya bone go tswa kwa Phoenicia, e jaanong e leng Lebanon le mafelo a a bapileng le ene.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.shca.ed.ac.uk/Administration/Committees/documents/TheCityofCarthage.pdf|title=The City of Carthage: From Dido to the Arab Conquest|access-date=8 January 2013|archive-date=10 August 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120810075556/http://www.shca.ed.ac.uk/Administration/Committees/documents/TheCityofCarthage.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Morago ga dintwa tse di tlhomaganeng le ditoropo tsa Gerika tsa Sicily mo lekgolong la botlhano la dingwaga BC, Carthage e ne ya nna maatla mme kgabagare ya nna yone toropo e e thabologileng thata mo Bophirima jwa [[Mediterranean]]. Batho ba Carthage ba ne ba obamela medimo ya Botlhabagare ka go farologana ba akaretsa [[Baale]] le [[Tanit]]. Letshwao la ga Tanit, le e leng setshwantsho sa mosadi se se nang le matsogo a a atlolotsweng le seaparo se seleele, ke setshwantsho se se fitlhelwang mo mafelong a bogologolo ebile se itsege thata. Batlhami ba Carthage gape ba ne ba tlhoma [[Tophet]], e e neng ya fetolwa mo metlheng ya Roma. [[Setshwantsho:Mommsen_p265.jpg|left|thumb|Sefikantswe sa mogenerale wa Carthage Hannibal Barca]] Tlhaselo ya Carthage ya Italy e e neng e eteletswe pele ke [[Hannibal]] ka nako ya [[Ntwa ya Bobedi ya Punic]], e le nngwe ya dintwa tse di latelenang kgatlhanong le Roma, ene ya batla go kgoreletsa go gola ga Roma go nna le maatla. Go tloga kwa bokhutlong jwa Ntwa ya Bobedi ya Punic ka 202 BC, Carthage o ne a bereka jaaka moemedi wa Rephaboliki ya Roma dingwaga di le masome matlhano ka go latelana .<ref>[[Appian]]. </ref> Morago ga [[Ntwa ya Carthage (c. 149 BC)|Ntwa ya Carthage]] e e simologileng ka 149 BC ka nako ya [[Ntwa ya Boraro ya Punic]], Roma e ne ya fenya Carthage ka 146 BC{{sfn|Steel|2013|p=9–10}}. Morago ga phenyo ya bone, Baroma ba ne ba fetola leina la Carthage go nna [[Afrika (Porofense ya Roma)|Aferika]], ba e kopanya jaaka porofense. Ka nako ya puso ya Roma, lefelo le jaanong e leng Tunisia le ne la itumelela ditlhabologo tse dikgolo thata. Itsholelo, bogolo jang ka nako ya Mmusomogolo, e ne ya gola: khumo ya lefelo le e ne e ikaegile ka temothuo.Granary of the Empire jaaka le bidiwa, e lengTunisia le lotshitshi la [[Tripolitania]] , le ne le ntsha ditone di le milione o le mongwe tsa mabele ngwaga le ngwaga, mme kwatara ya tsone e ne e romelwa kwa Mmusomogolong, go ya ka kakanyetso nngwe. Dijalo tse dingwe di ne di akaretsa dinawa, difeige, morara le maungo a mangwe. [[Setshwantsho:Temple_du_Capitole_(Dougga).JPG|thumb|Marope a Lefelo la Boswa Jwa Lefatshe la Dougga]] Mo lekgolong la bobedi la dingwaga, kagaisano ya tse di romelwang kwa ntle e ne e le magare ga oli ya motlhware le mabele. Mo godimo ga temo le go tshwara le go tsaya diphologolo tse di sa tlwaelesegang tsa naga go tswa kwa dithabeng tsa bophirima, tse dikgolo go dirwa lego romelwa kwa ntle di ne di akaretsa matsela, mmabole, beine, logong, diruiwa, dilo tsa letsopa jaaka African Red Slip, le wulu. Go ne go na le dilo tse dintsi tsa mosaics le letsopa, tse di neng di romelwa kwa Italy, mo kgaolong ya legare ya El [[Djem]] (kwa go neng go na le lefelo la bobedi le legolo mo Mmusomogolong wa Roma). Bishopo wa Berber [[Donatus Magnus]] e ne e le mosimolodi wa setlhopha sa Bokeresete se se itsegeng ka [[Donatists]]<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/169009/Donatist|title=Donatist|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica}}</ref>. Mo lekgolong la botlhano le la borataro la dingwaga (go tloga ka 430 go ya go 533 AD), Majeremane a Ba-Vandal ba ne ba tlhasela le go busa kwa Bokonebophirima jwa Aforika bo akaretsa Tripoli wa gompieno. Kgaolo eno e ne ya fengwa gape motlhofo ka 533 Xi 534 AD, ka nako ya puso ya Mmusimogolo [[Justinian I]], ke [[Mmusomogolo wa Byzantium|Baroma ba Botlhaba]] ba ba neng ba eteletswe pele ke Moeteledi pele mogolo [[Belisarius]].<ref>Bury, John Bagnell (1958) ''History of the Later Roman Empire from the Death of Theodosius I. to the Death of Justinian'', Part 2, Courier Corporation. pp.124–148</ref> === Metlha ya Bogare ===   [[Setshwantsho:Statue_de_Okba_ibn_Nafi_al_Fihri_en_Algérie.jpg|thumb|Uqba ibn Nafi o ne a etelela pele phenyo ya Ba-Umayyad ya Tunisia kwa bofelong jwa lekgolo la bo7 la dingwaga]] Mo sephatlong sa bobedi sa lekgolo la bo7 la dingwaga le karolo ya ntlha ya lekgolo la bo8 la dingwaga, phenyo ya Baarabia ba mamoseleme e ne ya diragala mo kgaolong eo. Ba ne ba tlhoma toropo ya bone ya ntlha ya Boiselamo kwa Bokonebophirima jwa [[Aferika]], Kairouan. toropo ena e ne e le teng ka 670 AD fa [[Mosque ya Uqba]], kgotsa Mosque o mogolo wa Kairouan, o ne o agiwa.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Davidson|first1=Linda Kay|last2=Gitlitz|first2=David Martin|title=Pilgrimage: From the Ganges to Graceland: An Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YVYkrNhPMQkC&pg=PA302|date=2002|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-1-57607-004-8|page=302}}</ref> Mosque o ke lefelo la bogologolo le le boitshepo le le tlotlegang thata kwa Bophirima jwa Bamoseleme o o nang le [[Minaret|tora]] ya bogologolo go di feta tsotlhe mo lefatsheng;<ref>{{cite book|last=Bosworth|first=Clifford Edmund|title=Historic Cities of the Islamic World|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UB4uSVt3ulUC&pg=PA264|year=2007|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-90-04-15388-2|page=264}}</ref> gape e tsewa e le tiro ya botswerere ya botaki le dikago.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.kairouan.org/en/culture/unesco.htm|title=Kairouan inscription as World Heritage|publisher=Kairouan.org|access-date=2 May 2010|archive-date=22 April 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120422091651/http://www.kairouan.org/en/culture/unesco.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> Tunis e ne ya gapiwa ka 695, ya gapiwa gape ke Baroma ba Botlhaba ba Byzantium ka 697, mme ya latlhegelwa go ya go ile ka 698. Phetogo go tswa mo mokgatlhong wa Bakeresete ba Berber ba ba buang Selatine go ya kwa mokgatlhong o o buang Searabia e tsere dingwaga di feta 400 (tsamaiso e e tshwanang kwa Egepeto le Fertile Crescent e tsere mengwaga e le 600) mme ya felela ka go nyelela ga Bakeresete le Selatine mo lekgolong la bo12 kgotsa la bo13 la dingwaga. Bontsi jwa baagi e ne e se Bamoseleme go fitlha kwa bofelong jwa lekgolo la bo9 la dingwaga; bontsi bo ne bo le mo lekgolong la bo10 la dingwaga. Gape, Bakeresete bangwe ba Tunisia ba ne ba fuduga; bangwe ba ba humileng ba setšhaba ba ne ba dira jalo morago ga phenyo ka 698 mme ba bangwe ba ne ba amogelwa ke babusi ba Norman kwa Sicily kgotsa Italy mo lekgolong la bo11 le la bo12 la dingwaga, e leng lefelo le le neng le le le neng la ya kwa go lone ka ntlha ya go amana ga dikgaolo tse pedi ka dingwaga di le 1200.<ref>Jonathan Conant (2012). </ref> Babusi ba Baarabia ba Tunis ba ne ba tlhoma [[Aghlabids|losika lwa segosi lwa Aghlabid]], lo lo neng la busa Tunisia, [[Tripolitania]] le botlhaba jwa Algeria go tloga ka 800 go ya go 909.<ref name="lapidus" /> Tunisia e ne ya atlega ka fa tlase ga puso ya Baarabia fa go ne go agiwa ditsamaiso tse di anameng go tlamela ditoropo ka metsi a a dirisiwang mo magaeng le go nosetsa a a neng a rotloetsa temothuo (segolobogolo temothuong ya motlhware).<ref name="lapidus">{{Cite book|pages=302–303}}</ref><ref name="tunisia-lp2">{{cite book|last1=Ham|first1=Anthony|last2=Hole|first2=Abigail|last3=Willett|first3=David.|title=Tunisia|publisher=[[Lonely Planet]]|year=2004|edition=3|page=65|isbn=978-1-74104-189-7}}</ref>Katlego eo e ne ya dira gore go nne le botshelo jwa manobonobo kwa kgotleng mme e ne ya tshwaiwa ke go agiwa ga metse e mesha ya segosi jaaka al-Abbasiya (809) le Raq Adda (877).<ref name="lapidus" /> Morago ga go fenya Cairo, Ba-Fatimid ba ne ba tlogela Tunisia le dikarolo tsa Algeria Botlhaba go ya go Ba-Zirid ka (972 Xi1148).<ref name="stearns">{{Cite book|pages=129–131}}</ref> Zirid Tunisia e ne ya atlega mo mafelong a le mantsi: temothuo, madirelo, kgwebo, le thuto ya sedumedi le ya boitshediso.<ref name="locfatamids2">{{cite book|last=Houtsma|first=M. Th.|title=E. J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913–1936|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wpM3AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA852|year=1987|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-90-04-08265-6|page=852}}</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, beteledipele jwa Zirid emirs bo ne bo itlhokomolositse se, pheletsong sa amangwa le sepolotiki se se sa iketlang mme se sa baka kwelo tlase mo go tsa kgwebo le temothuo kwa Tunisia.<ref name="lapidus"/><ref name="islamic-dynasties">{{Cite book|pages=105–112}}</ref><ref name="history-of-africa">{{Cite book|pages=171–173}}</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Panorama_of_the_courtyard_of_the_Great_Mosque_of_Kairouan.jpg|thumb|Matlhatlaganyane a Great Mosque ya Kairouan. E simolotswe ka ngwaga wa 670, e simolotse ka sebopego sa yone sa jaanong go tloga ka nako ya Aghlabid (lekgolo la bo9 la dingwaga). Ke mosque wa bogologolo go di feta tsotlhe mo Maghreb.]] Go senngwa ga ipapatso ya Tunisia ke [[Banu Hilal]], morafe o o ratang ntwa wa Baarabia wa Bedouin o o neng o rotloediwa ke Ba-Fatimid ba Egepeto go gapa Aforika wa Bokonebophirima, go ne ga dira gore itsholelo ya selegae le ya ditoropo e wele tlase.<ref name="stearns"/> Maduo a se a ne a baka gore batho ba fudugele kwa toropong mme palo ya batho ya nna potlana, madirelo le one a fetoga go tswa mo temothuong go tsena mo tirong ya diatla.<ref>Abulafia, ''The Norman Kingdom of Africa'', 27.</ref> Mokwalahisitori wa Moarabia [[Ibn Khaldun]] o kwadile gore dinaga tse di sentsweng ke batlhasedi ba Banu Hilal di fetogile sekaka se se omeletseng.<ref name="islamic-dynasties"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.galtoninstitute.org.uk/Newsletters/GINL9603/PopCrises3.htm|title=Populations Crises and Population Cycles, Claire Russell and W.M.S. Russell|publisher=Galtoninstitute.org.uk|access-date=19 January 2013|archive-date=27 May 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130527170154/http://www.galtoninstitute.org.uk/Newsletters/GINL9603/PopCrises3.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ditoropodikgolo tsa Tunisia di ne tsa fenngwa ke Ba-Norman ba Sicily ka fa tlase ga [[Bogosi jwa Afrika]] mo lekgolong la bo12 la dingwaga, mme [[Ba-Norman|Ba-Normand]] ba ne ba fudusediwa kwa [[Sicily|Sicily,]] morago ga phenyo ya Tunisia ka 1159 le1160 ke [[Ba-Almohad]]. Ditlhopha tsa Bakeresete ba Tunisia di ne tsa nna teng kwa [[Nefzaoua]] go fitlha ka lekgolo la bo14 la dingwaga<ref name="hrbek2">{{cite book|last1=Hrbek|first1=Ivan|title=Africa from the Seventh to the Eleventh Century|date=1992|publisher=UNESCO. International Scientific Committee for the Drafting of a General History of Africa. J. Currey|isbn=0852550936|page=34|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qDFcD0BuekQC&pg=PA34}}</ref>. Ba-Almohad ba ne ba busa Tunisia ka mmusi, thatathata wa losika lwa ga Caliph. Go sa kgathalesege bolengteng jwa barena ba basha, lefatshe le, le ne le tshabelelwa ke dikhuduego le dintwa tse di tsweletseng pele fa gare ga batho ba motse, Baarabia le Ba-Turkey ba ba neng ba gwanta mo mekgwatlheng, ba neng ba amangwa le motlhasedi wa Mo-Armenia wa Momoselema e bong Karakush.. [[Ba-Ayyubid]] le bone ba ne ba thibelela kwa Tunisia magareng ga 1182 le 1183 le1184 le 1187.<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.3989/alqantara.2013.010|title=Saladin and the Ayyubid Campaigns in the Maghrib|journal=Al-Qanṭara|volume=34|issue=2|pages=267–295|year=2013|last1=Baadj|first1=Amar|doi-access=free}}</ref> Matshosetsi a magolo a puso ya Ba-Almohad kwa Tunisia e ne e le Ba-Banu Ghaniya, masika a [[Ba-Almoravid]], ba ba neng ba leka go busetsa puso ya Ba'Almohad mo Maghreb go tswa kwa ba thibeletseng teng kwa [[Mallorca]]. ba ne ba atlega mo go busengTunisia wotlhe ka 1200 go fitlha ba fenngwa ke masole a Almohad ka 1207. Morago ga katlego ee, Ba-Almohad ba ne ba tlhoma Walid Abu Hafs jaaka mmusi wa Tunisia. Tunisia o ne a tswelela a nna karolo ya puso ya Almohad, go fitlha ka 1230 fa morwa Abu Hafs a ipolela fa a ikemetse. Ka nako ya puso ya [[Losika lwa segosi lwa Ba-Hafsid|losika lwa segosi lwa]] Hafsid, botsalano ka tsa kgwebo tse di nang le maungo di ne tsa tlhomiwa le makgotla a le mmalwa a Bakeresete a Mediterranean. Kwa bokhutlong jwa lekgolo la bo16 la dingwaga, lotshitshi lo ne la nna boremelelo jwa dirukutlhi. === Tunisia ya Ba-Ottoman === Mo dingwageng tsa bofelo tsa bogosi jwa Hafsid, Spain e ne ya gapa metse e e fa lotshitshing e le mentsi, mme e ne ya busediwa ke [[Mmusomogolo wa Ba-Ottoman|Mmusomogolo wa Ottoman]] . [[Setshwantsho:Frans_Hogenberg_battle_of_Tunis.jpg|left|thumb|Go fenngwa ga Tunis ke Charles V le go gololwa ga makgoba a dikepe a Bakeresete ka 1535]] Ka fa tlase ga taolo ya [[Hayreddin Barbarossa|Barbarossa Hayreddin Pasha]] morwarraagwe Oruç Reis, yo e neng e le [[Kapudan Pasha]] wa Ottoman Fleet ka nako ya puso ya ga [[Suleiman yo Mogolo|Suleiman the Magnificent]] , [[Go fenngwa ga Tunis (1534)|Ba-Ottoman wa Tunis]] o ne a nna le phenyo ya ntlha ka 1534. Le fa go ntse jalo, Ba-Ottoman ba ne ba gapa Tunisia gape go tswa kwa Spain ka 1574 ka fa tlase ga Kapudan Pasha [[Uluç Ali Reis]] fa Ba-Attoman ba gapa se pele e neng e le [[Hisitori ya Tunisia ya bogare|Hafsid Tunisia]], ba se boloka go fitlha Bafora ba gapa Tunis ka 1881. Kafa tlase ga puso ya Turkey go tswa kwa Algiers, Ottoman Porte e ne ya tlhoma mmusi yo o bidiwang [[Pasha]] ka kemonokeng ya masole a [[Maina a a kwa tlase|Janissary]] kwa [[Tunisia|Tunis]]. Mme, Tunisia e ne ya nna porofense e e ikemetseng ka nosi, ka fa tlase ga [[bey]] ya selegae. Ka fa tlase ga babusi ba Turkey, ba-beys, Tunisia e ne ya bona boipuso. losika lwa ga Hussein lwa bo-beys, lo lo neng lwa tlhomiwa ka 1705, lo ne lwa tswelela go fitlha ka 1957<ref>{{cite book|last=Bosworth|first=Clifford Edmund|title=The New Islamic Dynasties: A Chronological and Genealogical Manual|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mKpz_2CkoWEC&pg=PA55|year=2004|publisher=Edinburgh University Press|isbn=978-0-7486-2137-8|page=55}}</ref>. Ka nako tsotlhe diphetogo tse di ne gwetlhiwa ke Algiers mme di sa atlege. Ka nakong eo, dikhansele tse di laolang tse di neng di laola Tunisia di ne di sa ntse di dirilwe ke bontsi jwa batswakwa ba ba neng ba tsweletse ka go dira kgwebo ya puso ka [[puo ya Se-Turkey]]. Ditlhaselo mo dikepeng tsa Yuropa di ne di dirwa ke batsamaisi ba dikepe, thata go tswa kwa Algiers le Tunis le [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripoli]], le fa go ntse jalo ditlhaselo di ne tsa wela tlase, Yuropa o ne a nna le maatla mme kgabagare a pateletsa gore di fedisiwe. Ka fa tlase ga Mmusomogolo wa Ottoman, melelwane ya Tunisia e ne ya khutla; mme a latlhegelwa ke taolo kwa bophirima (Constantine) le kwa botlhaba (Tripoli). [[Setshwantsho:St_Louis_Cathedral_-_Carthage_-_Tunisia_-_1899.jpg|thumb|St Louis Cathedral - Carthage - Tunisia - 1899]] Leroborobo le ne la tlhasela Tunisia ka 1784 go ya go1785, 1796 go ya go1797 le 1818go ya go 1820.<ref>{{cite book|last=Panzac|first=Daniel|title=Barbary Corsairs: The End of a Legend, 1800–1820|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_dyeFP5Hyc4C&pg=PA309|year=2005|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-90-04-12594-0|page=309}}</ref> Mo lekgolong la bo19 la dingwaga, babusi ba Tunisia ba ne ba lemoga maiteko a a tsweletseng a go fetola sepolotiki le loago mo motsemogolong wa Ottoman. Bey wa Tunis ka nako eo, ka dipone tsa gagwe a tsaya sekao ka Turkey, o ne a leka go dira ditlhabologo tsa segompieno tsa mekgatlho le itsholelo.<ref name="Clancy-Smith19972">{{cite book|last=Clancy-Smith|first=Julia A.|title=Rebel and Saint: Muslim Notables, Populist Protest, Colonial Encounters (Algeria and Tunisia, 1800–1904)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ApCtcGPHOxIC&pg=PA157|year=1997|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-92037-8|page=157}}</ref> Sekoloto sa boditšhabatšhaba sa Tunisia se ne sa gola go feta dikakanyo. Seno e ne e le lebaka kgotsa seipato sa gore masole a Fora a tlhome puso e e sireletsang ka 1881. === Tunisia ya Sefora (1881-1956) === [[Setshwantsho:A_Churchill_tank_and_other_vehicles_parade_through_Tunis,_8_May_1943._NA2880.jpg|thumb|Tanka ya Boritane e ralala Tunis morago ga gore motse o tsewe mo masoleng a Axis, ka 8 Motsheganong 1943]] Ka 1869, Lefatshe la Tunisia le ne la ipolela fa le sa kgone go duela mme komiti ya madi ya boditšhabatšhaba e ne ya tsaya taolo ya itsholelo ya lone. Ka 1881, Bafora ba ne ba tlhasela Tunisia ka masole a ka nna 36 000 ba dirisa seipato sa gore o tlhasetse [[Algeria]], mme ba pateletsa Bey go dumalana le ditsetana tsa 1881 Treaty of Bardo (Al Qasr as Sa'id).<ref>{{cite book|last=Gearon|first=Eamonn|title=The Sahara: A Cultural History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TKh_21ZERH4C&pg=PA117|year=2011|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-986195-8|page=117}}</ref> Ka tumalano e, Tunisia e ne ya dirwa [[Go thopiwa ga Tunisia ke Fora|puso ya Fora]] semmuso, le fa Italy e ne e sa dumalane le se. Ka fa tlase ga bokolone jwa Fora, g Bayuropa ba ne ba rotloediwa go fudugela kwa lefatsheng leo thata; palo ya bakolone ba Fora e ne ya gola go tswa go 34 000 ka 1906 go ya go 144 000 ka 1945. Ka 1910 go ne go na le Ma-Italy a le 105,000 kwa Tunisia. Ka nako ya [[Ntwa ya Lefatshe II]], Tunisia ya Sefora e ne e laolwa ke puso ya [[Vichy Fora|Vichy]] kwa Metropolitan France, [[Molao wa Vichy o o kgatlhanong le Bajuda|Molao]] o o kgatlhanong le Bajuta o o neng o tlhomilwe ke puso ya Vichy o ne wa tsenngwa mo tirisong kwa Bokonebophirima jwa Aferika e e laolwang ke Vichy le mafelo a mangwe a Fora a a kwa moseja. Ka jalo, pogiso, le polao ya Bajuta go tloga ka 1940 go ya go 1943 e ne e le karolo ya Polao ya Kgailo kwa Fora. Ka Ngwanaatsele 1942 go fitlha ka Motsheganong 1943, bontlha jwa Tunisia jo bo neng bo laolwa ke Vichy bo ne jwa gapiwa ke Jeremane. SS Commander [[Walter Rauff]] o ne a tswelela go tsenya mo tirisong "Tshwetso ya Bofelo" koo. Go tloga ka 1942 go ya go 1943, Tunisia e ne e le boremelelo jwa jwa [[Letsholo la Tunisia|ipapatso ya Tunisia]], dintwa tse di sa feleng magareng ga masole a [[Mebuso ya Axis|Axis]] le Allied. Ntwa e, e simolotse ka katlego ya ntlha ya masole a Jeremane le a Italy, mme go nna le dijo tse dintsi le palo e e kwa godimo ya Balekane go ne ga dira gore [[Letsholo la Tunisia|Axis e ineele]] ka Motsheganong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro 1943.<ref>{{cite book|first=Gordon|last=Williamson|author-link=Gordon Williamson (writer)|title=Afrikakorps 1941–43|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h1c44ccxC_sC&pg=PA24|year=1991|publisher=Osprey|isbn=978-1-85532-130-4|page=24}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Palmer|first=Michael A.|title=The German Wars: A Concise History, 1859–1945|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4eHKE9NIwbMC&pg=PA199|year=2010|publisher=Zenith Imprint|isbn=978-0-7603-3780-6|page=199}}</ref> Letsholo la dikgwedi di le thataro la go golola Tunisia mo pusong ya Axis le ne la supa bokhutlo jwa Ntwa ya Lefatshe II mo Afrika. === Go Lwela Boipuso (1943-1956) === === Morago ga boipuso (1956-2011) === [[Setshwantsho:Habib_Bourguiba_portrait4.jpg|thumb|214x214px|Habib Bourguiba e ne e le Tautona wa ntlha wa Tunisia, go tloga ka 1957 go fitlha ka 1987]] Tunisia e ne ya bona boipuso go tswa kwa Fora ka Mopitlo a tlhola malatsi a le masome mabedi ka 1956 le [[Habib Bourguiba]] e le Tonakgolo<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-14107720|title=Tunisia profile|date=2017-11-01|work=BBC News|access-date=2020-04-05|language=en-GB}}</ref>. Boipuso jwa Tunisia bo ketekwa Mopitlo a tlhola malatsi a le masome mabedi ngwaga le ngwaga .<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://allafrica.com/view/group/main/main/id/00016135.html|title=Tunisia Celebrates Independence Day|date=20 March 2012|access-date=19 March 2019|website=[[AllAfrica.com]]|archive-date=8 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150708180546/https://allafrica.com/view/group/main/main/id/00016135.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ngwaga morago ga moo, Tunisia e ne ya bolelwa e le repaboliki, mme Bourguiba e le ene Tautona wa ntlha.<ref name="BBC2">{{cite news|title=Habib Bourguiba: Father of Tunisia|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/obituaries/703907.stm|publisher=BBC|date=6 April 2000}}</ref> Go tloga ka boipuso ka 1956 go fitlha ka phetogo ya 2011, puso le Constitutional Democratic Rally (RCD), [[Neo Destour]] le Socialist Destourian Party, ba ne ba le bangwe. Morago ga pego ya [[Amnesty International]], ''[[The Guardian]]'' e ne ya bitsa Tunisia "lengwe la Mafatshe a segompieno mme a gatelela mo lefatsheng la Maarabia".<ref>{{cite news|last=Black|first=Ian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/jul/13/amnesty-criticises-tunisia-human-rights|title=Amnesty International censures Tunisia over human rights|work=The Guardian|date=13 July 2010|access-date=19 January 2013|location=London}}</ref> Ka Ngwanatsele 1987, dingaka di ne tsa bolela gore Bourguiba ga a itekanela go busa<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/obituaries/703907.stm|title=Habib Bourguiba: Father of Tunisia|website=BBC News|access-date=20 July 2018}}</ref>,, mme ka go menola puso ntleng le tshololo ya madi, Tonakgolo Zine El Abidine Ben Ali o ne a tsaya maemo a go nna tautona go ya ka Molawana wa 57 wa [[molaotheo wa Tunisia]].<ref name="BBC2"/><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/11/07/world/a-coup-is-reported-in-tunisia.html?pagewanted=1|title=A Coup Is Reported in Tunisia|access-date=2 May 2010}}</ref> Segopotso sa go tlhatlhama ga ga Ben Ali, Ngwanaatsele a tlhola malatsi a supa, se ne sa ketekwa jaaka letsatsi la boitapoloso la bosetšhaba. O ne a tlhophiwa gape ka bontsi jo bogolo morago ga ngwaga tse tlhano makgetho a le mantsi (go feta 80 lekgolong ya ditlhopho), la bofelo e ne e le kaPhalane a tlhola malatsi a le masome mabedi le botlhano ka 2009, go fitlha a tshaba mo lefatsheng leo ka ntlha ya dikhuduego tsa batho ka Hirikgong 2011.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Vely|first=Yannick|url=http://www.parismatch.com/Actu/International/Ben-Ali-tunisie-election-143751|title=Ben Ali, sans discussion|publisher=ParisMatch.com|date=23 November 2009|access-date=2 May 2010}}</ref> Ben Ali le ba lelwapa la gagwe ba ne ba latofadiwa ka tshenyetso setshaba le go gopela itsholelo ya lefatshe.<ref name="sandiegounion-tribune.com">{{Cite web|last=Ganley|first=Elaine|url=http://www.sandiegounion-tribune.com/news/2011/jan/17/tunisians-hail-fall-of-ex-leaders-corrupt-family/|title=Tunisians hail fall of ex-leader's corrupt family|publisher=Sandiegounion-tribune.com|date=17 January 2011|access-date=10 December 2022|archive-date=16 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716003853/http://www.sandiegounion-tribune.com/news/2011/jan/17/tunisians-hail-fall-of-ex-leaders-corrupt-family/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Balwela Kgololesego ya itsholelo ba ne ba kaya ditshono tse dingwe tsa go sa dirise madi sentle,<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Tsourapas|first=Gerasimos|s2cid=154822868|date=2013|title=The Other Side of a Neoliberal Miracle: Economic Reform and Political De-Liberalization in Ben Ali's Tunisia|journal=Mediterranean Politics|volume=18|issue=1|pages=23–41|doi=10.1080/13629395.2012.761475}}</ref> fa maloko a a bosula a lelwapa la ga Trabelsi, segolobogolo ba ba gaufi le [[Trabelsi yo o Tlhomilweng|Imed Trabelsi]] le [[Belhassen Trabelsi]] ba ne ba laola mohama wa tsa kgwebo ka bontsi mo lefatsheng. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.radicalparty.org/it/node/5065065|title=Tunisie: comment s'enrichit le clan Ben Ali?|publisher=RadicalParty.org|access-date=2 May 2010}}</ref> Mohumagadi wa ntlha [[Leila Ben Ali]] o ne a tlhalosiwa jaaka "motho yo o tshwakgotsweng ke mabenkele" ebile gokaiwa fa a dirisa sefofane sa puso go tsaya maeto a a seng kafa molaong go ya kwa ditoropong tsa difeshene tsa Yuropa.<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Caught in the Net: Tunisia's First Lady|url=https://foreignpolicy.com/articles/2007/12/13/caught_in_the_net_tunisias_first_lady|magazine=Foreign Policy|date=13 December 2007}}</ref> Tunisia e ganne kopo ya Fora ya go ntsha ditlogolo tse pedi tsa ga Tautona, go tswa mo letlhakoreng la ga Leila, ba ba neng ba bonwa molato wa go utswana dikepe tse dikgolo tse pedi kwa boemakepeng jwa Fora ke mosekisi wa Puso ya Fora.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://lci.tf1.fr/france/justice/2009-09/un-trafic-de-yachts-entre-la-france-et-la-tunisie-en-proces-4865862.html|title=Ajaccio – Un trafic de yachts entre la France et la Tunisie en procès|date=30 September 2009|access-date=10 December 2022|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303204309/http://lci.tf1.fr/france/justice/2009-09/un-trafic-de-yachts-entre-la-france-et-la-tunisie-en-proces-4865862.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Go ya ka Le Monde, mogwe wa ga Ben Ali o ne a siametse go tsaya puso ya lefatshe leo.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Florence Beaugé|url=http://www.tunisiawatch.com/?p=1141|title=Le parcours fulgurant de Sakhr El-Materi, gendre du président tunisien Ben Ali|website=Le Monde|date=24 October 2009|access-date=2 May 2010|archive-date=21 January 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110121043720/http://www.tunisiawatch.com/?p=1141|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mekgatlo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho e e ikemetseng ka nosi, jaaka [[Amnesty International]], [[Freedom House]], le Protection International, di kwadile gore go ne ga nna kgatako ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tse di tlwaelesegileng le tsa sepolotiki.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/region/tunisia|title=Tunisia|publisher=Amnesty International|access-date=2 May 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.protectionline.org/Kamel-Jendoubi-Sihem-Bensedrine.html|title=Protectionline.org|publisher=Protectionline.org|date=18 January 2010|access-date=2 May 2010|archive-date=29 April 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110429093617/http://www.protectionline.org/Kamel-Jendoubi-Sihem-Bensedrine.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ba kaya fa puso e ne e kgoreletsa tiro ya makgotla a ditshwanelo tsa batho a selegae.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rfi.fr/actufr/articles/053/article_27950.asp|title=Droits de l'Homme : après le harcèlement, l'asphyxie|publisher=RFI.fr|date=16 December 2004|access-date=2 May 2010|archive-date=5 May 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130505125306/http://www.rfi.fr/actufr/articles/053/article_27950.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ka 2008, go ya ka [[kgololesego ya go gatisa]], Tunisia e ne e le mo maemong a bo 143 mo go a le 173.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://fr.rsf.org/dans-le-monde-de-l-apres-11-22-10-2008,28879|title=Dans le monde de l'après-11 septembre, seule la paix protège les libertés|publisher=RSF.org|date=22 October 2008|access-date=2 May 2010|archive-date=14 January 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110114230027/http://fr.rsf.org/dans-le-monde-de-l-apres-11-22-10-2008,28879|url-status=dead}}</ref> === Morago ga phetogo (go tloga ka 2011) === [[Setshwantsho:Tunisia_Unrest_-_VOA_-_Tunis_14_Jan_2011_(2).jpg|thumb|226x226px|Tunisia ka 14 Hirikgong 2011 ka nako ya Phetogo e Kgolo ya Tunisia]] Diphetogo tsa Tunisia e ne e le letsholo le le tseneletseng la [[Kganetso ya Setšhaba|kganetso ya selegae]] le le neng le tlhotlhelediwa ke letlhoko la ditiro, [[Go oketsega ga dijo|tlhaelo ya dijo]], [[Bonweenwee|Tshenyetso Sechaba]],<ref>{{cite web|author=[[Yasmine Ryan]]|url=http://english.aljazeera.net/indepth/features/2011/01/2011126121815985483.html|title=How Tunisia's revolution began|publisher=Al Jazeera English|date=26 January 2011|access-date=13 February 2011}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.alarabiya.net/articles/2011/01/15/133592.html|title=Wikileaks might have triggered Tunis' revolution|work=Alarabiya|date=15 January 2011|access-date=13 February 2011}}</ref>go tlhoka [[Kgololesego ya go bua|kgololesego ya puo]] le kgololesego mo go tsa sepolotiki <ref>{{Cite news|last=Spencer|first=Richard|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/tunisia/8258077/Tunisia-riots-US-warns-Middle-East-to-reform-or-be-overthrown.html|archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20171010045358/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/tunisia/8258077/Tunisia-riots-Reform-or-be-overthrown-US-tells-Arab-states-amid-fresh-riots.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=10 October 2017|title=Tunisia riots: Reform or be overthrown, US tells Arab states amid fresh riots|work=The Telegraph|date=13 January 2011|access-date=14 January 2011|location=London}}</ref>le go tshelelela mo lehumeng.<ref>{{cite web|last=Ryan|first=Yasmine|url=http://english.aljazeera.net/indepth/features/2011/01/20111614145839362.html|title=Tunisia's bitter cyberwar|work=Al Jazeera English|access-date=16 January 2011|date=14 January 2011}}</ref> Diyuniti tsa badiri di ne di bolelwa e le karolo e e botlhokwa ya ditshupetso.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.defenddemocracy.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=11792083&Itemid=347|title=Trade unions: the revolutionary social network at play in Egypt and Tunisia|publisher=Defenddemocracy.org|access-date=11 February 2011}}</ref> Ditshupetso di tlhotlheleditse Arab Spring, letsholo la ditiro tse di tshwanang go ralala lefatshe la Maarabia. Loso lwa ga [[Mohamed Bouazizi]] le ne la gwetlha gore go nne le ditshupiso tsa morafe, mogwebi yo mo botlana wa dingwaga di le masome mabedi le borataro wa Tunisia, yo o neng a ikgapela botshelo ka go itshuba ka molelo Sedimonthole a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa ka 2010 a ngongoregela go gapiwa ga dithoto tsa gagwe le go nyenyefadiwa ke modiredi wa mmasepala yo o bidiwang [[Faida Hamdy]]. Shakgalo le tshenyo di ne tsa oketsega morago ga loso lwa ga Bouazizi Hirekgong a tlhola malatsi a le mane ka 2011, mme seno se ne sa dira gore Moporesidente wa nako e telele [[Zine El Abidine Ben Ali]] a tlogele tiro mme a siye mo lefatsheng ka Hirikgong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bone ka 2011, morago ga dingwaga di le 23 a le mo pusong. Ditshupetso di ne tsa tswelela go thibela mokgatlho o o busang le go ntsha maloko otlhe a one mo pusong ya phetogo e e neng e tlhomilwe ke [[Mohammed Ghannouchi]]. Kgabagare puso e ntšhwa e ne ya ineela mo dilong tse di neng di batliwa. Kgotlatshekelo ya Tunisia e ne ya thibela mokgatlho o o tswang mo pusong wa RCD mme ya gapa didirisiwa tsotlhe tsa one. Taelo ya tona ya selegae e ne ya thibela tiriso ya "mapodise a sepolotiki", masole a a kgethegileng a a neng a dirisiwa go tshosetsa le go bogisa boradipolotiki.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/opinon/2011/01/137_80292.html|title=When fleeing Tunisia, don't forget the gold|newspaper=Korea Times|date=25 January 2011|access-date=19 January 2013}}</ref> Ka Mopitlo a tlhola malatsi a le mararo ka 2011, moporesidente wa nakwana o ne a itsise gore [[Ditlhopho tsa Kokoano ya Molaotheo ya Tunisia, 2011|ditlhopho tsa Kokoano ya Molaotheo]] di tla tshwarwa ka Phukwi a tlhola malatsi a le masome mabedi le bone ka 2011.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Interim President Announces Election of National Constituent Assembly on July 24|date=3 March 2011|newspaper=Tunis Afrique Presse}}</ref> Ka Seetebosigo a tlhola malatsi a le boferabongwe ka 2011, tonakgolo o ne a itsise gore ditlhopho di tla tlosoloswa go fitlha ka 23 Phalane a tlhola malatsi a le masome mabedi le boraro ka 2011.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Tunisian PM Announces October Date for Elections|date=9 June 2011|newspaper=BBC Monitoring Middle East}}</ref> Balebeledi ba ditlhpho ba boditšhabatšhaba le ba mo gae ba ne ba bolela fa ditlhopho di ne di gololesegile e bile di siame. Ennahda Movement, Mokgatlho o pele e neng e thibetswe ka fa tlase ga puso ya ga Ben Ali, e ne ya tswa mo ditlhophong e le lekoko le legolo, le na le ditilo di le 89 mo palong ya di le 217.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Tunisia Moves to the Next Stage|newspaper=Middle East Report|date=8 November 2011|url=http://merip.org/mero/mero110811|access-date=1 January 2019|archivedate=15 September 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915101944/https://www.merip.org/mero/mero110811}}</ref> Ka Sedimonthole a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bobedi 2011, [[Moncef Marzouki]] o ne a tlhophiwa go nna moporesidente.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Former dissident sworn in as Tunisia's president|url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/world_now/2011/12/tunisia-president-moncef-marzouki.html|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|access-date=13 December 2011|date=13 December 2011}}</ref> Ka Mopitlo 2012, Ennahda e ne ya bolela fa e sa eme nokeng Sharia go nna motswedi o mogolo wa molao metheo mo molaong o montsha wa go tshegetsa mokgwa wa lefatshe wa naga. Maikemisetso a ga Ennahda mo kgannyeng e a ne a kgalwa ke Baiselamo ba ba gagametseng, ba ba neng ba sharia e e gagametseng mme ba ne ba amogelwa ke makoko a lefatshe.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tunisia's constitution will not be based on Sharia: Islamist party|date=27 March 2012|url=http://www.alarabiya.net/articles/2012/03/27/203529.html|publisher=Al Arabiya|access-date=18 February 2013}}</ref> Ka Tlhakole a tlhola malatsi a le marataro ka 2013, [[Chokri Belaid]], moeteledipele wa kganetso ya lefela e bile e le moganetsi yo o tumileng wa ga Ennahda, o ne a bolawa.<ref>{{cite news|title=Tunisian opposition leader Chokri Belaid shot dead outside his home|url=https://www.latimes.com/news/la-fg-wn-tunisian-leader-assassinated-20130206,0,4371497.story|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|access-date=18 February 2013|first=Jeffrey|last=Fleishman|date=6 February 2013}}</ref> Ka 2014, Moporesidente [[Moncef Marzouki]] o ne a tlhoma Khomišene ya Boammaaruri le Boitsholo ya Tunisia, e le maiteko a go boseletsa kagiso mo sechabeng. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/presscenter/articles/2014/06/09/tunisia-launches-truth-and-dignity-commission.html|title=Tunisia launches Truth and Dignity Commission|website=UNDP|date=9 June 2014|access-date=22 December 2016|archive-date=1 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190401030751/https://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/presscenter/articles/2014/06/09/tunisia-launches-truth-and-dignity-commission.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Tunisia e ne ya tlhaselwa gabedi mo mohameng wa bajanala ke dirukhuthi tsa mafatshe a sele ka 2015, la ntlha go bolawa batho ba le masome a mabedi le bobedi kwa [[Bardo National Museum (Tunis)|Bardo National Museum]], mme moragonya ga bolawa batho bale masome mararo le borobabobedi kwa Sousse beachfront. Tautona wa Tunisia e bong [[Beji Caid Essebsi]] o ne a ntšhafatsa maemo a tshoganyetso ka Phalane ka dikgwedi tse dingwe tse tharo.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2016/10/why-is-the-state-of-emergency-renewed-three-times-tunisia.html|title=The real reason Tunisia renewed its state of emergency}}</ref> Setlhopha sa Tunisia sa Dialogue Quartet sene sa fenya tlotla ya [[Kagiso ya Nobel]] ya 2015 ka ntlha ya tiro ya sone ya go aga kagiso le sepolotiki se se tlhomameng mo Tunisia.<ref>"The Nobel Peace Prize 2015". </ref> ==== Boporesidente jwa Kais Saied (2019-go fitlha jaanong) ==== Tautona wa ntlha wa Tunisia yo o tlhophilweng ka fa molaong e bong [[Beji Caid Essebsi]] o tlhokafetse ka Phukwi 2019.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Tunisian President Beji Caid Essebsi dies aged 92|url=https://www.france24.com/en/20190725-tunisia-president-essebsi-dies-aged-92|work=France 24|date=25 July 2019|language=en}}</ref> O ne a tlhatlhamiwa ke [[Kais Saied]] go nna tautona wa Tunisia morago ga phenyo ya gagwe e kgolo mo [[Ditlhopho tsa boporesidente tsa Tunisia tsa 2019|ditlhophong tsa bo tautona tsa Tunisia tsa 2019]] ka Phalane.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2019-10-14|title=Tunisia election: Kais Saied to become president|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-50032460}}</ref> Ka Phalane a tlhola matsi a le masome mabedi le boraro 2019, Kais Saied o ne a ikanisiwa go nna Tautona yo mosha wa Tunisia.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Tunisia's new president sworn in after surprise election win|url=https://www.france24.com/en/20191023-tunisia-s-new-president-sworn-in-after-surprise-election-win|work=France 24|date=23 October 2019|language=en}}</ref> Ka Phukwi a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mebedi le botlhano ka 2021, mo ditshupetsong tse di tsweletseng pele tebang le go sa dire sentle ga puso le tshenyetso sechaba le go oketsega ga dikgetsi tsa COVID-19, [[Kais Saied]] o ne a emisa palamente, a koba tonakgolo mme a tlosa go sirelediwa ga maloko a palamente.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Yee|first=Vivian|date=2021-07-26|title=Tunisia's Democracy Verges on Dissolution as President Moves to Take Control|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/07/26/world/middleeast/tunisia-government-dismissed-protests.html|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20211228/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/07/26/world/middleeast/tunisia-government-dismissed-protests.html|archive-date=2021-12-28|url-access=limited|access-date=2021-07-26|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-07-25|title=Tunisian president sacks PM, suspends parliament after violent protests|url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20210725-tunisian-president-saied-sacks-prime-minister-mechichi-suspends-parliament|access-date=2021-07-26|website=France 24}}</ref> Ka Lwetse 2021, Saied o ne a re o tla tlhoma komiti go thusa go kwala diphetogo tse disha tsa molaotheo.<ref>{{cite news|title=Tunisian president moves to cement one-man rule|url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/09/23/africa/tunisian-president-reforms-political-system-intl/index.html|access-date=24 September 2021|work=CNN|agency=Reuters|date=23 September 2021}}</ref> Ka Lwetse a tlhola malatsi a le masome mabedi le boferabongwe, o ne a tlhoma [[Najla Bouden]] go nna tonakgolo e ntšhwa mme a mo naya tiro ya go bopa [[Kabinete ya ga Bouden|Kabinete]], e e neng ya ikanisiwa Phalane a tlhola malatsi a le Lesome le bongwe.<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Amara|first1=Tarek|last2=Mcdowall|first2=Angus|date=2021-09-29|title=Tunisian leader names new PM with little experience at crisis moment|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/tunisian-president-names-romdhane-prime-minister-2021-09-29/|access-date=2021-10-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-10-11|title=New Tunisian government sworn in|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/new-tunisian-government-sworn-in/2388732|access-date=2021-10-13|website=Anadolu Agency}}</ref> Ka Tlhakole a tlhola malatsi a le mararo ka 2022, Tunisia e ne ya tlhophiwa go nna leloko la African Union's Peace and Security Council (AU) ka paka ya 2022 go ya go 2024, go ya ka Lephataa la Mafatshe a Sele la Tunisia. Go ya ka lephata, patlisiso e ne ya tshwarwa ka nako ya kopano ya bo masome a mane ya Khansele ya Khuduthamaga ya AU, e e neng e tshwaretswe kwa motsemogolong wa Ethiopia wa Addis Ababa.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Tunisia elected member of African Union security council|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/africa/20220204/6e6021e10aa54258a50dc2edf902b6ad/c.html|access-date=4 February 2022|publisher=Xinhua|date=4 February 2022}}</ref> Ka Tlhakole 2022, Tunisia le International Monetary Fund di sa ntse di le mo dipuisanong tsa ntlha ka tsholofelo ya go bona thuso ya didolara di le dibilione go ikitsha mo kwelotsaseng ya itsholelo , dikoloto tsa setšhaba, go tlhatloga ga ditlhwatlhwa le letlhoko la ditiro.<ref>{{cite news|title=Tunisia's talks with the IMF: What's at stake?|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/2/18/tunisias-talks-with-the-imf-whats-at-stake|access-date=20 February 2022|work=Al Jazeera|agency=AFP|date=18 February 2022}}</ref> == Boalo jwa lefatshe == [[Setshwantsho:Koppen-Geiger_Map_TUN_present.svg|thumb|Go kgaoganngwa ga tlelaemete ya Köppen kwa Tunisia. Tlelaemete ke ya Mediterranean go ya kwa lotshitshing kwa bokone, kwa karolo e kgolo ya lefatshe e leng sekaka.]] Tunisia o mo lotshitshing lwa [[Mediterranean]] kwa Bokonebophirima jwa Afrika, fa gare ga Lewatle la Atlantic le Nile Delta. O mo melelwaneng wa [[Algeria]] kwa bophirima (965 km) le borwabophirima jwa [[Libya]] kwa borwabotlhaba (459 km).<ref>{{Cite web|date=2002|title=Présentation générale du pays|url=https://scid.tn/fr/profil-environnemental/presentation-generale-du-pays.html|access-date=6 November 2022|archive-date=6 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221106135908/https://scid.tn/fr/profil-environnemental/presentation-generale-du-pays.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> E fa gare ga latitudes [[Bokone jwa bo30|30°]] le [[38th parallel north|38°N]], le longitudes [[Meridian ya bosupa e e kwa botlhaba|7°]] le [[Meridian ya bo12 kwa botlhaba|12°E]]. Go retologela kwa borwa jwa lotshitshi lwa Mediterranean kwa bokone jwa Tunisia go naya lefatshe mabopo a mabedi a a tlhomologileng a Mediterranean, bophirima-botlhaba kwa bokone, le bokone-botlhabatsatsi kwa botlhaba. Le fa e le nnye ka bogolo, Tunisia e na le tikologo e kgolo e e farologanyeng thata ka ntlha ya bontsi jwa yone kwa bokone le borwa. Bogolo jwa yone jwa botlhaba le bophirima bo lekanyeditswe. Dipharologano kwa Tunisia, fela jaaka Maghreb yotlhe, ke dipharologano tsa tikologo tsa bokone le borwa tse di tlhalosiwang thata ka go fokotsega ga pula go ya kwa borwa go tswa kwa ntlheng nngwe le nngwe..Karolo e e kwa botlhaba ya Dithaba tsa Atlas ya Dorsal, e ralala Tunisia go ya kwa bokonebotlhaba go tswa kwa molelwaneng wa Algeria kwa bophirima go ya kwa Cape Bon peninsula kwa botlhabatsatsi. Bokone jwa Dorsal ke Tell, kgaolo e e kaiwang ka dithaba tse di kwa tlase, tse di pitlaganeng le dipoa, gape e le go atolosiwa ga dithaba go ya kwa bophirima kwa Algeria. Mo [[Khroumire|Khroumerie]], kwa bokonebophirima jwa Tell ya Tunisia, bogodimo bo fitlha go {{Convert|1050|m|ft}} 1,050 (3,440 ) mme kapoko e nna teng mariga. [[Sahel, Tunisia|Sahel]], ke lebala le le atlolositsweng mo botlhaba jwa Tunisia jwa Mediterranean, ke lengwe la mafelo a a kwa godimo mo lefatsheng a go jalwang motlhware teng. Mo teng ga naga go tswa kwa Sahel, fa gare ga Dorsal le dithaba tse di farologaneng kwa borwa jwa Gafsa, go na le Steppes. Bontsi jwa kgaolo ya borwa ke sekaka se se omeletseng. Tunisia e na le lotshitshi lwa lewatle lwa boleele jwa dikilometara di le 1,148 (713 mi). Mo go tsa lewatle, lefatshe le bolela gore le na le lefelo le le tshwaraganeng la 24 nautical miles (44 kilometres), le lewatle la 12 nautical miles (22 kilometres).<ref>{{cite news|title=Tunisia's talks with the IMF: What's at stake?|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/2/18/tunisias-talks-with-the-imf-whats-at-stake|access-date=20 February 2022|work=Al Jazeera|agency=AFP|date=18 February 2022}}</ref> Toropo ya Tunis e agilwe mo thoteng go ya kwa letsheng la Tunis. Dithaba tseo di na le mafelo a a tshwanang le Notre-Dame de Tunis, Ras Tabia, La Rabta, La Kasbah, Montfleury le La Manoubia a a kwa godimo ka dimetara di le 50 (160 feet). Toropokgolo e fa gare ga ditsela tsa karolo e tshesane ya lefatshe fa gare ga Letsha la Tunis le Séjoumi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Visit Tunis, Tunisia|url=https://visitafrica.site/tunis.html|access-date=2021-04-13|website=visitafrica.site|archive-date=2021-04-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418193746/https://visitafrica.site/tunis.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Tlelaemete ya Tunisia ke ya [[Tlelaemete ya Mediterranean|Mediterranean]] kwa bokone, e na le mariga a pula e e bothitho le selemo se se mogote, se se omileng.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/world/country_guides/results.shtml?tt=TT000720|title=Climate of Tunisia|publisher=BBC|access-date=2 May 2010}}</ref> Borwa jwa lefatshe go sekaka. Lefelo le le kwa bokone le dithaba, le fa le ya kwa borwa, le fetoga go nna lebala le le mogote, le bogare jo bo omileng. Borwa bo omeletse go sekae, mme bo kopana le [[Sahara]]. Motseletsele wa [[Matsha a letswai a Tunisia|matsha a letswai]], a a itsegeng jaaka chotts kgotsa shatts, a mo moleng wa botlhaba-bophirima kwa ntlheng ya bokone ya Sahara, ''go'' tswa kwa [[Kgogometso ya Gabes|Kgogometsong ya Gabes]] go ya kwa [[Algeria]]. [[Chott el Djerid]] o ko tlase mo {{Convert|1544|m|ft}} 17 (56 ft) mme [[Jebel ech Chambi]] o kwa godimo ga lewatle mo dimetara tse 1,544 (5,066 ).<ref>{{Cite book|pages=1270–}}</ref> === Ditshedi tse di farologaneng === Tunisia ke legae la dikgaolo di le tlhano tsa lefatshe: [[Mediterranean conifer|Mediterranean conifer le dikgwa tse di kopantsweng,]] [[Saharan halophytics]], [[Mediterranean dry woodlands|Mediterranean dry woodlands and steppe]], [[Mediterranean woodlands and forests]], le [[North Sahara steppe and woodlands]].<ref name="DinersteinOlson20172">{{cite journal|last1=Dinerstein|first1=Eric|last2=Olson|first2=David|last3=Joshi|first3=Anup|last4=Vynne|first4=Carly|last5=Burgess|first5=Neil D.|last6=Wikramanayake|first6=Eric|last7=Hahn|first7=Nathan|last8=Palminteri|first8=Suzanne|last9=Hedao|first9=Prashant|last10=Noss|first10=Reed|last11=Hansen|first11=Matt|last12=Locke|first12=Harvey|last13=Ellis|first13=Erle C|last14=Jones|first14=Benjamin|last15=Barber|first15=Charles Victor|last16=Hayes|first16=Randy|last17=Kormos|first17=Cyril|last18=Martin|first18=Vance|last19=Crist|first19=Eileen|last20=Sechrest|first20=Wes|last21=Price|first21=Lori|last22=Baillie|first22=Jonathan E. M.|last23=Weeden|first23=Don|last24=Suckling|first24=Kierán|last25=Davis|first25=Crystal|last26=Sizer|first26=Nigel|last27=Moore|first27=Rebecca|last28=Thau|first28=David|last29=Birch|first29=Tanya|last30=Potapov|first30=Peter|last31=Turubanova|first31=Svetlana|last32=Tyukavina|first32=Alexandra|last33=de Souza|first33=Nadia|last34=Pintea|first34=Lilian|last35=Brito|first35=José C.|last36=Llewellyn|first36=Othman A.|last37=Miller|first37=Anthony G.|last38=Patzelt|first38=Annette|last39=Ghazanfar|first39=Shahina A.|last40=Timberlake|first40=Jonathan|last41=Klöser|first41=Heinz|last42=Shennan-Farpón|first42=Yara|last43=Kindt|first43=Roeland|last44=Lillesø|first44=Jens-Peter Barnekow|last45=van Breugel|first45=Paulo|last46=Graudal|first46=Lars|last47=Voge|first47=Maianna|last48=Al-Shammari|first48=Khalaf F.|last49=Saleem|first49=Muhammad|display-authors=1|title=An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm|journal=BioScience|volume=67|issue=6|year=2017|pages=534–545|issn=0006-3568|doi=10.1093/biosci/bix014|pmid=28608869|pmc=5451287|doi-access=free}}</ref> == Puso le dipolotiki == <div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:135px;max-width:135px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:191px;overflow:hidden">[[File:Kais_Saied_2021_(cropped).jpg|alt=|191x191px]]</div><div class="thumbcaption">[[Kais Saied]]<br />[[President of Tunisia|Tautona go tswa ka]] 2019</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:153px;max-width:153px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:191px;overflow:hidden">[[File:الرئيس_تبون_يستقبل_رئيسة_الحكومة_التونسية_0-24_screenshot_(cropped).png|alt=|192x192px]]</div><div class="thumbcaption">[[Najla Bouden]]<br />[[Prime Minister of Tunisia|Tonakgolo go tswa]] 2021</div></div></div></div></div> [[Category:Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images]] == Ditshupiso == === Ditshupiso === [[Karolo:Pages with unreviewed translations]] o5p4pemn5edusre2b1mwpduuz1d98lo 0 8909 54459 32233 2026-09-05T14:58:47Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 54459 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''The Patriot on Sunday''''' ke pampiri ya dikgang e e gatisiwang mo Botswana ka Sontaga. Pampiri e ya dikgang e tlhamilwe ka 2012 mme bontlha bongwe ja yone ke ga mopalamente [[:en:Mpho_Balopi|Mpho Balopi]]<ref>[https://www.mmegi.bw/news/the-patriot-is-born/news "Mmegi Online :: The Patriot is born"]. ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 6 June 2017.</ref>. Pampiri eno e mo direkoteng tsa AllAfrica.com<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230419085558/https://allafrica.com/list/aans/post/af/cat/botswana/pubkey/publisher:editorial:00011654.html "Botswana -- The Patriot, Gaborone".] ''allAfrica.com''. Retrieved 6 June 2017.</ref>. E kile ya tsena mo kgarurung ya kgololesego ya boanamisi le ba Printing & Publishing Company Botswana ka ntlha ya maemo a yone a a sa amogeleseng tebang le mokgatlho o busang<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170811201407/https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-press/2014/botswana "Botswana | Country report | Freedom of the Press | 2014"]. ''freedomhouse.org''. Retrieved 6 June 2017.</ref>. == Beng Ba Yone == Pampiri e ya dikgang e ne e le ya lepolotiki la mokgatlho o busang [[:en:Mpho_Balopi|Mpho Balopi]]. O ile a rekisetsa kompone e ya metswedi ya dikgang go Sadique Kebonang. Kebonang a neela boruo ja yone go mmega dikgang Mpho Dibeela, yo ka nosi eleng ene mong ebile e le mokaedi wa yone. == Leba gape == * Azhizhi * Botswana Guardian * The voice (Botswana) == Metswedi == h04qcw5kaez320195to5y8gxj9pvlqy 0 9478 54465 37124 2026-09-05T20:07:20Z Reagoleboga 10854 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1352797312|Bogobe jwa lerotse]]" 54465 wikitext text/x-wiki Bogobe jwa lerotse ke mofuta wa porridge e e jewang kwa Botswana gape ke sejo sa bosetšhaba sa Botswana, se se itsegeng ka tatso e e monate e e tswang mo lerotse melon, mofuta wa leungo le le lebegang jaaka semonamone mme le farologanngwa ke nama ya lone ya mmala wa namune. Lerotse e na le tatso e e sa siamang fa e sa jewa, mme e dira gore sejo seno se nne le tatso e e sa tshwaneng le epe fa se apeilwe. Gantsi sejo seno se tlhakatlhakanyiwa ka legong la setso le le bidiwang lehetho, mme fa se apeilwe sentle se tshwana le mmidi. Gantsi e jewa kwa manyalong le kwa dikokoanong tse dingwe tsa setšhaba. Motsoako wa yona wa konokono ke lerotse melon, mofuta o o seng monate thata wa watermelon o o tlholegang kwa Botswana o o tshwanang thata ka tatso le komiki fa e le tala. Mmogo le lerotse, e e segilweng ka dikarolwana le go bedisiwa, sejo seno se akaretsa bupi jwa sorghum le mashi a a bedisitsweng. == Diteng == * ½ of one lerotse (melon) * 1 kg bopi jwa mabele (sorghum) * 1 cup madila (sour milk) * Mayonnaise (optional in place of madila) * Water == Bona gape == * [[:en:List_of_melon_dishes|List of melon dishes]] * [[:en:Botswana_cuisine|Botswana cuisine]] == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} == Metswedi ya kwa ntle == [[Karolo:Bogobe jwa lerotse]] [[Karolo:Bogobe]] [[Karolo:Pap]] nqpcybg6vohwty3soa3oxt53b74zjg6 0 9548 54455 54303 2026-09-05T13:20:24Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 54455 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Module:Side box/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Sister project/styles.css"></templatestyles>  [[Setshwantsho:Silence_and_Respect.jpg|right|thumb| Letshwao le le kopang "tidimalo le tlotlo" kwa Mabitleng a Bosetšhaba a Arlington]] Tlotlo. e itsiwe ka leina le lengwe le eleng tlotlo ke maikutlo kgotsa maitseo a tltlo a a itsholwang go mothong kgotsa selo se se botlhokwa mo tlotlong . Le bontsha boikutlo jwa go kgatlhegela dinonofo tse di molemo kana tsa botlhokwa. Gape ke thulaganyo ya go tlotla mongwe ka go bontsha tlhokomelo, go amega, kgotsa go akanyetsa ditlhoko tsa gagwe kgotsa maikutlo a gagwe. Mo ditsong tse dintsi, batho ba tsewa ba tshwanelwa ke tlotlo go fitlha ba supa ka tsela e sele . Batho bangwe ba ka nna ba bona tlotlo e e kgethegileng ka ditiro tsa bone tse di tlhomang sekao kgotsa ka ditiro tsa bone mo setšhabeng. Mo "ditsong tsa tlotlo", tlotlo gantsi e bonwa ka tsela eno go na le go e neelwa ka go tlhoka go dira. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Sommers |first=Tamler |year=2018 |title=Why Honor Matters |publisher=Basic Books |isbn=9780465098873}}</ref> Maitseo a a bontshang tlotlo a tshwana le "ke a leboga",kwa bophirima kgosa kwa lefatshe-yana la India kgotsa di tshupetso tse di bonolo tsa go tshwana le go khubama kgotsa monyenyo, go leba ka mo matlhong kgotsa go tshikinya letsogo. Ditiro tse di jalo di ka nna le ditlhaloso tse di farologaneng go ikaegile ka bokao jwa setso . Maikaelelo a bofelo ke gore batho botlhe ba tshwarwe ka tlotlo. == Di tshupetso le ditsela tse dingwe tsa go bontsha tlotlo == === Puo === Tlhaloso nngwe ya tlotlo ke go ikutlwa o kgatlhegela motho kgotsa sengwe se se bakwang ke bokgoni jwa gagwe, dinonofo tsa gagwe le se a se fitlheletseng. Tlotlo ke lefoko kgotsa polelwana (jaaka sereto se se tshwanang le " Ngaka " kgotsa sebopego sa leemedi ) se se bontshang tlotlo fa se dirisiwa go bua kgotsa go kaya motho. Ka tlwayelo tlotlo a dirisiwa fa motho wa bo bedi kgotsa wa bo raro. Tirisa go mothong wa nntlha ga e itsege thata. Dipuo tse dingwe di na le dipopego tsa motho wa ntlha tse di kgatlhanong le tlotlo (jaaka "motlhanka wa gago yo o ikokobeditseng thata" kgotsa "motho yono yo o sa tshwanelang") tse phelelo ya tsone e leng go tokafatsa tlotlo e e amanang e e neelwang motho wa bobedi kgotsa wa boraro. Ka sekai, ke go tlhoka tlotlo go sa dirise puo e e maitseo le mafoko a a tlotlegang fa o bua ka Sejapane le motho yo o nang le maemo a a kwa godimo mo setšhabeng. Lefoko la tlotlo "san" le ka diriswa ga sejatlhapi se buiwa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Top Experiences in Tokyo - Fodor's Travel |url=http://www.fodors.com/world/asia/japan/tokyo/features.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141229044905/http://www.fodors.com/world/asia/japan/tokyo/features.html |archive-date=29 December 2014 |access-date=22 October 2017 |website=www.fodors.com}}</ref> Kwa China, go tsewa e le go tlhoka maitseo go bitsa motho ka leina la gagwe la ntlha ntle le fa motho yoo a itsiwe ke sebui ka lobaka lo loleele. Mo maemong a a amanang le tiro, batho ba bitsana ka direto tsa bone. Kwa gae ba bitsana ka . <ref name="autogenerated1">{{Cite web |last=Millet |first=Joyce |year=2021 |title=Chinese Etiquette & Protocol |url=https://www.protocolprofessionals.com/articles_china.htm |website=Protocol Professionals, Inc.}}</ref> Mo setsong sa Ba-China, gantsi batho ba bitsa ditsala tsa bone ba re ke bana ba bannye le ba bagolo le fa ba le bannye ka dikgwedi di le mmalwa fela kgotsa ba le bagolo. Fa Ba-China ba botsa dingwaga tsa motho, gantsi ba dira jalo gore ba itse gore ba ka bitsa motho yoo jang. <ref name="autogenerated1" /> [[Setshwantsho:Westindischer_Maler_um_1530_001.jpg|right|thumb|322x322px| Mosadi a ama dinao tsa monna wa gagwe]] Mo ditsong tsa Boiselamo, go na le ditsela tse dintsi tsa go bontsha batho tlotlo. Ka sekai, motho a ka atla diatla tsa batsadi, borremogolo kgotsa barutabana. E anelwa mo mafokong a ga Muhammad "Go nyenya ga gago mo sefatlhegong sa ga morwarraago ke bopelotshweu". <ref>{{Cite web |title=Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1956 - Chapters on Righteousness And Maintaining Good Relations With Relatives - كتاب البر والصلة عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم - Sunnah.com - Sayings and Teachings of Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه و سلم) |url=https://sunnah.com/tirmidhi:1956 |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=sunnah.com}}</ref> Gape go botlhokwa gore Mamoseleme a tshware Quran ka kelotlhoko e kgolo, ka gonne e tsewa e le lefoko la Modimo. Ditiro tse di jaaka go e baya fa fatshe kgotsa go e tshwara ka diatla tse di seng phepa di thibetswe mme di tshwanetse go latelwa ke thapelo ya boitshwarelo . Kwa India, go tlwaelegile gore, ka ntlha ya tlotlo, fa leoto la motho le ama buka kgotsa sengwe le sengwe se se kwadilweng ka phoso (se se tsewang e le diponatshegelo tsa ga Saraswati, modimogadi wa kitso) kgotsa mmele wa motho yo mongwe, go tla latelwa ke go kopa maitshwarelo ka tsela ya go supa seatla se le sengwe fela ( pranāma, the first hand dintlha tsa menwana mme morago ga moo phatla le/kgotsa sehuba. Seno gape se ama madi, a a tsewang e le ponatshegelo ya modimogadi wa khumo, Lakshmi . <ref>{{Cite book |last=DeBruyn |first=Pippa |year=2010 |title=Frommer's India |url=https://archive.org/details/frommersindia0000unse |last2=Bain |first2=Keith |last3=Allardice |first3=David |last4=Joshi |first4=Shonar |publisher=Wiley |isbn=978-0-470-55610-8 |edition=4th |page=[https://archive.org/details/frommersindia0000unse/page/76/mode/1up 76]}}</ref> Pranāma, kana go ama maoto mo setsong sa Baindia ke sesupo sa tlotlo. Ka sekai, fa ngwana a dumedisa borraagwemogolo, gantsi ba tla ama diatla tsa bone mo dinaong tsa borraagwemogolo. Mo setsong sa Baindia, go dumelwa gore dinao ke motswedi wa lorato le maatla. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chatterjee |first=Gautam |year=2001 |title=Sacred Hindu Symbols |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQ0XQHEkuIcC |publisher=Abhinav |isbn=8170173973 |edition=2nd |pages=[https://books.google.com/books?id=NQ0XQHEkuIcC&q=feet 47]–48 |chapter=Namaskar or Pranam: The Sacred Posture of Hindu Salutation |url-access=limited}}</ref> Metsamao le ditiragalo tsa mmele di le dintsi tse di dirisiwang kwa Bophirima di ka tsewa e le go tlhoka tlotlo kwa Japan. Ka sekai, ga wa tshwanela go supa motho ka tlhamalalo. Fa o dumedisa kgotsa o leboga, go ka nna tshotlo fa motho yo o tlase a sa obamelo tlase go feta yo o mo godimo. Boleele jwa nako le maemo a go obama di laolwa ke dilo di le dintsi jaaka dingwaga le maemo a tiro. Ditshupo dingwe tsa tlotlo di tebang le basadi fela. Fa mosadi a sa tlotse ditlolo tsa sefahlego kgotsa a sa apara bra, batho ba ka nna ba bona fa a sa itlhomphe mo tirong kgotsa gore ga a tshetse tsela e a lebegang ka yone tsia.{{Virtues}}Go tlotla ba bangwe gantsi go tsewa e le bontle kgotsa nonofo ya semelo. Aristotle o ne a nganga ka bontle jono jaaka motheo wa tshiamiso ka bojone, a bolela mo go ''Nicomachean Ethics'' gore "tshiamiso, e le nosi ya bontle, e akanngwa e le 'molemo wa yo mongwe', ka gonne e amana le moagelani wa rona; ka gonne e dira se se mosola mo go yo mongwe, e ka tswa e le mmusi kgotsa molekane wa gagwe. mo go ene le mo ditsaleng tsa gagwe, mme motho yo o gaisang ga se yo o dirisang bontle jwa gagwe mo go ene mme ke yo o bo dirisang mo go yo mongwe ka gonne seno ke tiro e e bokete." <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Internet Classics Archive {{!}} Nicomachean Ethics by Aristotle |url=https://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle/nicomachaen.5.v.html |access-date=2026-08-25 |website=classics.mit.edu}}</ref> Rafilosofi Immanuel Kant o ne a dira gore bontle jwa tlotlo e nne konokono ya Taelo ya gagwe ya Kgaoganyo : : Ka jalo dira gore o tshware botho... ka metlha ka nako e le nngwe jaaka boikaelelo, le ka motlha e seng fela jaaka tsela. John Stuart Mill o ne a buelela gore bontle jono e nne molaomotheo o o laolang wa boitshwaro jwa loago ka kakaretso go na le gore e nne bontle jwa motho ka namana fela. Mo go ''On Liberty'', Mill o ne a bolela gore "boikaelelo bo le bongwe fela jo maatla a ka dirisiwang ka tshwanelo mo leloko lengwe le lengwe la setšhaba se se tlhabologileng, kgatlhanong le thato ya gagwe, ke go thibela go utlwisa ba bangwe botlhoko." [[Setshwantsho:Respeitoplaca.JPG|right|thumb|267x267px|Sign in São João da Barra saying ''"respect if you want to be respected"'']] === Setso sa China === Mo setsong sa Ba-China, go obama ka kakaretso go beetswe fela e le sesupo sa go tlotla bagolwane le bagologolwane. Fa di obama, di baya seatla sa seatla sa moja mo seatleng sa molema go lekana le mpa. Fa bora bo le boteng, ke gone ba bontshang tlotlo e e oketsegileng. Ka tlwaelo, go ne go sa tshwarana ka diatla thata mo setsong sa Ba-China. Le fa go ntse jalo, jaanong go itshupa gono go dirisiwa thata mo bathong, segolobogolo fa ba dumedisa batho ba Bophirima kgotsa batswakwa ba bangwe. Batho ba le bantsi ba Bophirima ba ka nna ba fitlhela go tshwarana ka diatla ga Ba-China go le goleele thata kana go le bokoa thata, mme seno ke ka gonne batho ba China ba tsaya gore go tshwarana ka diatla go go bokoa ke go bontsha boikokobetso le tlotlo. <ref name="autogenerated1" /> Kowtowing, kana go khubama le go obama thata mo e leng gore phatla ya motho e ama fa fatshe, go dirwa ka nako ya kobamelo kwa ditempeleng. Kowtowing ke sesupo se se maatla se se diretsweng fela bogolo jang go tlotla baswi kana go ntsha tlotlo e e tseneletseng kwa tempeleng. <ref name="autogenerated1" /> Melao e mentsi ya boitshwaro e dikologa basha go bontsha batho ba ba godileng tlotlo. Filial piety ke nonofo ya go nna le tlotlo mo bagologolwaneng, mo lelapeng le mo bagolwaneng. Jaaka mo ditsong tse dintsi, go lebeletswe gore batho ba ba botlana ba China ba diegetse batho ba ba godileng, ba ba letle go bua pele, ba nne fa fatshe morago ga bone, mme ba se ka ba ba ganetsa. Ka dinako tse dingwe fa motho yo o godileng a tsena mo phaposing, mongwe le mongwe o a ema. Gantsi batho ba itsisiwe go tswa mo go yo mogolo go ya kwa go yo mmotlana. Gantsi, batho ba ba botlana ba tla dira sotlhe se ba ka se kgonang go bulela bagolwane ba bone dikgoro mme ba se ka ba kgabaganya maoto fa pele ga bone. Fa o ntse o gola go lebeletswe gore o tshwarwe ka tlotlo e e oketsegileng. <ref name="autogenerated1" /> === Setso sa Baamerika === Mo merafeng e le mentsi ya batho ba naga ya Amerika, tlotlo e tsewa e le boitsholo jo bo rutang batho ba naga ka setso sa bone . Boleng jo jwa maitsholo bo tsewa jaaka thulaganyo e e tlhotlheletsang go tsaya karolo mo setšhabeng mme gape e thusa batho go tlhabologa le go kopanngwa mo setsong sa bona. Ka lebaka le, boleng jwa tlotlo bo rutwa mo bongwaneng. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Fernandez |first=David-Lorente |date=2012 |title=Ser respetuoso es ser persona. El niño y la pedagogía moral de Los Nahuas del Centro de México |journal=Revista de Dialectología y Tradiciones Populares |volume=67 |issue=2 |pages=431–452 |doi=10.3989/rdtp.2012.16 |issn=0034-7981 |eissn=1988-8457 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Tlotlo jaaka mofuta wa maitsholo le go tsaya karolo go botlhokwa thata jaaka motheo wa ka fao bana ba tshwanetseng go itshwara ka teng mo setšhabeng sa bona. Bana ba dira ditiro tse di godileng tse di jaaka go apeela lelapa, go phepafatsa le go feela ntlo, go tlhokomela balekane ba masea, le tiro ya dijalo. Bana ba tlholego ba ithuta go leba go tsaya karolo ga bona mo ditirong tse jaaka kemedi ya tlotlo. Ka go bontsha tlotlo ka go nna le seabe mo ditirong, bana ba ithuta ngwao mme gape ba a e tshela.  == Bona gape == * Ditekelelo tsa ga Asch * Tshekegelo tsebe * Seriti * [[Maitseo]] ** Setlhopha:Ditshegofatso tsa loago ** Maitseo kwa Asia * Molao wa Sekagouta * Boitshupo (saense ya loago) * Taolo ya maikutlo * Tekeletso ya Milgram * Molawana wa go se nne bogale * Kagiso Lorato Kutlwano Tlotlo * Kgopolo ya papiso ya loago * Loso lwa loago * Tshegetso ya loago * Boleng (maitsholo le saense ya loago) {{Authority control}} == Puiso e nngwe == * {{Cite journal |last=Beach |first=Mary Catherine |last2=Duggan |first2=Patrick S. |last3=Cassel |first3=Christine K. |last4=Geller |first4=Gail |year=2007 |title=What Does 'Respect' Mean? Exploring the Moral Obligation of Health Professionals to Respect Patients |journal=Journal of General Internal Medicine |publisher=Springer Science and Business Media LLC |volume=22 |issue=5 |pages=692–695 |doi=10.1007/s11606-006-0054-7 |issn=0884-8734 |pmc=1852905 |pmid=17443381}} *   * {{Cite web |last=Farid |first=Sana |year=2005 |title=Respect |url=https://www.beyondintractability.org/essay/respect/?nid=6573 |website=Beyond Intractability}} * {{Cite journal |last=Gross |first=David |date=12 November 2020 |title=Notes on Respect-for-Others |url=https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/JwpmYpM3PYQ7iT6LJ/notes-on-respect-for-others |archive-date=27 August 2026 |access-date=26 August 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260827004938/https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/JwpmYpM3PYQ7iT6LJ/notes-on-respect-for-others |url-status=dead }} *   * {{Cite book |last=Milgram |first=Stanley |author-link=Stanley Milgram |year=1974 |title=[[Obedience to Authority: An Experimental View]]}} * {{Cite book |last=Rand |first=Ayn |author-link=Ayn Rand |year=1964 |title=[[The Virtue of Selfishness]] |chapter=The Objectivist Ethics}} * {{Cite book |last=Rawls |first=John |author-link=John Rawls |year=1971 |title=[[A Theory of Justice]] |publisher=Belknap Press |isbn=978-0-674-00078-0}} [[Karolo:Pages with unreviewed translations]] k2r1jw2hd97hc62u62d2qi4wyhdq00h 0 11217 54464 51876 2026-09-05T15:53:32Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 54464 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vusimuzi “Cat” Matlala''' ke sekebekwa sa [[Aforika Borwa]] se se itsegeng ka go nna le seabe mo dikonterakeng tse dikgolo tsa puso le dikganetsano tse di amanang le tsone. O nna kwa [[Pretoria (Pitori)|Pretoria]].<ref>Sithole, Siyabonga (2025-09-18). [https://capetimes.co.za/news/2025-09-18-state-believes-it-has-water-tight-case-against-pretoria-businessman-cat-matlala/ "State believes it has "water-tight" case against Pretoria businessman Cat Matlala"]. ''Cape Times''. Retrieved 7 Phalane 2025.</ref> O tlhalositswe mo bobegadikgannyeng e le “mookamedi wa itshireletso” le “mogwebi mogolo wa dikgwebo.<ref>Pijoos, Jeff Wicks & Iavan. [https://www.news24.com/investigations/silenced-police-award-r360m-contract-to-tembisa-hospital-tender-don-20241220 "SILENCED | Police award R360m contract to Tembisa Hospital tender don"]. ''News24''. Retrieved 7 Phalane 2025.</ref> Matlala o kaela dikompone di le mmalwa mo makaleng a itshireletso le ditirelo tsa kalafi. Sekai, e ne e le mokaedi a le esi wa Medicare 24 kwa kgaolong ya Tshwane,<ref>{{Cite web|last=Wicks|first=Jeff|title=9 LIVES: How tender magnate handed R360m police deal to placeholder director|url=https://www.news24.com/investigations/paris-paper-queen-how-tender-magnate-handed-r360m-police-deal-to-placeholder-director-20250305|access-date=2025-09-19|website=News24}}</ref> kompone e e tsisang ditirelo tsa taolo ya dikotsi tsa boitekanelo, le mokaedi yo o tlhagafetseng wa Cat VIP Protection Pty Ltd, Falcon Cat Trading and Suppliers, Lux South African Investments Pty, Ltd, Cor Kabeng Trading & Suppliers le Black AK Trading.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Yoganathan|first=Venilla|date=2023-02-15|title=Tembisa tender tycoon now under scrunity over blue-lights cavalcade|url=https://www.medicalbrief.co.za/tembisa-tender-tycoon-now-under-scrunity-over-blue-lights-cavalcade/|access-date=2025-09-19|website=Juta MedicalBrief}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|last=Majadibodu|first=Simon|date=2025-09-03|title=Businessman Vusimuzi 'Cat' Matlala claims 52 workers lost jobs after SAPS cancelled his R360 million contract|url=https://thestar.co.za/news/crime-and-courts/2025-09-03-businessman-vusimuzi-cat-matlala-claims-52-workers-lost-jobs-after-saps-cancelled-his-r360-million-contract/|access-date=2025-09-19|website=The Star}}</ref> Ka difeme tse, o ne a atologela mo dikonterakeng tsa go reka dithoto tsa puso le tsa ditirelo tsa boitekanelo.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Yoganathan|first=Venilla|date=2025-01-08|title=Tembisa Hospital tender tycoon landed R360m SAPS contract|url=https://www.medicalbrief.co.za/tembisa-hospital-tender-tycoon-landed-r360m-saps-contract/|access-date=2025-09-19|website=Juta MedicalBrief}}</ref> == Tiro == Matlala o ne a aga tiro ya gagwe mo go tsa tshireletso e e ikemetseng le go reka dithoto tsa tlhokomelo ya botsogo. Mo godimo ga Medicare 24, o na le dikompone tse di amanang le itshireletso.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Sithole|first=Siyabonga|date=2025-09-17|title=Serious charges lead to bail denial for Pretoria businessman Cat Matlala|url=https://iol.co.za/news/south-africa/2025-09-17-serious-charges-lead-to-bail-denial-for-pretoria-businessman-cat-matlala/|access-date=2025-09-19|website=IOL}}</ref> O tsamaisitse Black AK Trading le Cor Kabeng Trading (difeme tse dinnye tse di kwadisitsweng ka 2017) tse di neng tsa nna le seabe mo dikonterakeng tsa tlamelo ya dikokelo.<ref name=":0"/> Babatlisisi ba ne ba lemoga gore Black AK le Cor Kabeng di ne tsa tlhamiwa pelenyana fela ga ba fenya dikopo, mme Matlala o ne a nna a kwadilwe jaaka mokaedi wa bobedi jono.<ref name=":1" /> Mo lephateng la itshireletso, Matlala o itsege ka go okamela tshireletso ya Cat Protection le ya Cat VIP Holdings. Difeme tseno di tlametse ka ditirelo tsa tshireletso le tse di amanang le tsone.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Amashabalala|first=Mawande|date=2025-07-13|title=State mum on who authorised Vusi 'Cat' Matlala's blue light escorts|url=https://sundayworld.co.za/news/state-mum-on-who-authorised-vusi-cat-matlalas-blue-light-escorts/|access-date=2025-09-19|website=Sunday World}}</ref> Ditirisano tsa gagwe tsa kgwebo di ne tsa nna le maemo a a kwa godimo mo setšhabeng morago ga motseletsele wa dikonteraka tsa puso mo bogareng jwa dingwaga tsa bo 2020. Dipatlisiso tsa bobegakgang di tlhagisa gore o ne a “tlhagelela thata ka motseletsele wa dikonteraka tse di nang le poelo le [[puso ya Aforikaborwa]] ”. Dikompone tsa gagwe di ne tsa fenya ditiro di le mmalwa, mme gape tsa ngoka go sekasekwa ke baruni le babatlisisi.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Davis|first=Rebecca|date=2025-09-17|title=Your guide to the main characters at the Madlanga Commission of Inquiry|url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2025-09-17-your-guide-to-the-main-players-at-the-madlanga-commission-of-inquiry/|access-date=2025-09-19|website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Matlotlo a ga Matlala a lekanyediwa magareng ga didikadike di le lekgolo le le lekgolo le matlhano a diranta.<ref>{{Cite web|last=ENCA|date=2025-09-24|title=What we know about Vusimuzi 'Cat' Matlala - eNCA|url=https://www.enca.com/top-stories/what-we-know-about-vusimuzi-cat-matlala|access-date=2025-09-27|website=www.enca.com}}</ref> == Go nna le seabe mo dithendarang == Leina la ga Matlala le golaganngwa le dikonteraka di le mmalwa tse dikgolo tsa dithendara tsa puso. Ka 2021, motlhodi wa dikgang [[Babita Deokaran]], tlhogo ya setlhopha sa lephata la botsogo la [[Gauteng]] se se kgatlhanong le tshenyetso setshaba, o ne a supa go sa dire dilo ka tshwanelo mo dikonterakeng kwa Kokelong ya Tembisa tse di neng tsa abelwa dikompone tse a neng a di laola.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Manyane|first=Manyane|date=2025-09-14|title=Investigation into Tembisa Hospital fraud implicates syndicate reportedly linked to President Ramaphosa's nephew|url=https://iol.co.za/news/2025-09-14-investigation-into-tembisa-hospital-fraud-implicates-syndicate-reportedly-linked-to-president-ramaphosas-nephew/|access-date=2025-09-19|website=IOL}}</ref> Setlhopha sa ga Deokaran se supile didikadike tsa diranta tse di dirisitsweng mo dithotong le ditirelong go tswa go Black AK Trading & Suppliers le Cor Kabeng Trading & Suppliers, mme sa akanyetsa ditatofatso tsa tsietso kgatlhanong le difeme tseno. Deokaran o bolailwe ka Phatwe 2021 pele ga dipatlisiso di ka konelwa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Silenced: Why Babita Deokaran was murdered|url=https://specialprojects.news24.com/silenced/|access-date=2025-09-19|website=specialprojects.news24.com}}</ref> setlhopha se se Kgethegileng sa Dipatlisiso le Hawks moragonyana di ne tsa dira dipatlisiso tse di tshwanang mo dikonterakeng tseno tsa bookelo, mme Matlala o ne a bidiwa mokaedi wa difeme tse di neng di amega.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Majadibodu|first=Simon|date=2025-09-03|title=Businessman Vusimuzi 'Cat' Matlala claims 52 workers lost jobs after SAPS cancelled his R360 million contract|url=https://iol.co.za/news/crime-and-courts/2025-09-03-businessman-vusimuzi-cat-matlala-claims-52-workers-lost-jobs-after-saps-cancelled-his-r360-million-contract/|access-date=2025-09-19|website=IOL}}</ref> Ka Lwetse SIU e ne ya golola dipegelo tsa yone tsa nakwana mme e latedisitse batsisi ba ditirelo kgotsa batlamedi ba ditirelo ba le masome mane le motso ba ba golaganeng le kokelo ya Tembisa mme dikompone di le tharo tse di neng di abetswe dikonteraka tsa boleng jwa R13 538 292 mo setlhopheng seno di golagane le Vusimuzi Matlala.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Special Investigating Unit releases interim report on Tembisa Hospital investigation {{!}} South African Government|url=https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/special-investigating-unit-releases-interim-report-tembisa-hospital|access-date=2025-09-30|website=www.gov.za}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2024, kompone ya ga Matlala ya Medicare 24 [[Tshwane]] District e ne ya abelwa konteraka ya ditirelo tsa boitekanelo ya dingwaga di le tharo le Tirelo ya Sepodisi sa Aforika Borwa (SAPS) ya boleng jwa R360 milione.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Majadibodu|first=Simon|date=2025-09-03|title=Businessman Vusimuzi 'Cat' Matlala claims 52 workers lost jobs after SAPS cancelled his R360 million contract|url=https://dailynews.co.za/news/crime-and-courts/2025-09-03-businessman-vusimuzi-cat-matlala-claims-52-workers-lost-jobs-after-saps-cancelled-his-r360-million-contract/|access-date=2025-09-19|website=Daily News}}</ref> Ka fa tlase ga konteraka eno, Medicare 24 e ne e tshwanetse go tlamela ka ditshekatsheko tsa kalafi le ditirelo tsa boitekanelo go maloko a mapodise a ka nna 180 000. Ditokomane tsa kabo ya dikopo tse di phatlaladitsweng ke mapodisi, ka seetebosigo 2024, di netefatsa gore kompone ya ga Matlala e ne e le yone fela e atlegileng go bona konteraka ya R360m.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mahlangu|first=Sifiso|date=2025-07-08|title=Bheki Cele stayed in luxury suite owned by dodgy tender mogul 'Cat' Matlala|url=https://iol.co.za/the-star/news/2025-07-08-bheki-cele-stayed-in-luxury-suite-owned-by-dodgy-tender-mogul-cat-matlala/|access-date=2025-09-19|website=IOL}}</ref> Kabo eno e ne ya ngoka go tsenngwa leitlho ka bonako: moragonyana babatlisisi ba ne ba ribolola bosupi jwa go tsietsa le go dirisana mmogo, mme badiredibagolo ba mapodise ba ne ba dumela gore thendara e ne e “tshwailwe ka ntlha ya tsietso le ditlolomolao tse dingwe”.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2025-09-11|title=South Africa: Cele Caught Meeting Cat Matlala Weeks Before R360-Million Tender Axed|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/202509110273.html|access-date=2025-09-19|language=en|archivedate=2025-09-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250918174300/https://allafrica.com/stories/202509110273.html}}</ref> Mo bogareng jwa 2025 konteraka e ne ya phimolwa ka tshoganyetso ke molaodi wa bosetšhaba wa sepodisi [[Fannie Masemola]], a umaka go sa dira dilo ka tshwanelo. == Dikganetsano == Ka ngwaga wa 2024, Matlala o ne a tshwarwa mme a latofadiwa ka ditlolomolao tse dintsi. Go ya ka ditokomane tsa kgotlatshekelo, o lebanwe le ditatofatso tsa go leka go bolaya, go loga leano la go bolaya le go dirisa madi ka tsela e e sa siamang.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Majadibodu|first=Simon|date=2025-09-17|title=Court refuses bail for Matlala in alleged hit on actress ex-girlfriend Tebogo Thobejane|url=https://dailynews.co.za/news/crime-and-courts/2025-09-17-court-refuses-bail-for-matlala-in-alleged-hit-on-actress-ex-girlfriend-tebogo-thobejane/|access-date=2025-09-19|website=Daily News}}</ref> Ditatofatso tseno di amana le tiragalo tsa 2023 e mo go yone koloi e e neng e tshotse kgarebe ya gagwe ya pele, e le modiragatsi wa Aforika Borwa e bong [[Tebogo Thobejane]], e neng ya thuntshiwa gaufi le [[Sandton]] . Matlala o latofadiwa ka go rulaganya thuntsho e, mme o ganne gore o na le seabe kgotsa maitlhomo ape. Thobejane o ne a gobala mo leotong mme morago a tshaba mo lefatsheng, a re o tshogela botshelo jwa gagwe.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Online|first=Central News|date=2025-09-09|title=Tebogo Thobejane Fled South Africa Fearing for Her Life After Shooting Linked to Ex Vusimuzi Cat Matlala {{!}} Central News South Africa|url=https://centralnews.co.za/tebogo-thobejane-fled-south-africa-fearing-for-her-life-after-shooting-linked-to-ex-vusimuzi-cat-matlala/|access-date=2025-09-19}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=MSN|url=https://www.msn.com/en-za/news/other/actress-tebogo-thobejane-flees-south-africa-after-hit-drama-with-ex-lover-vusimuzi-cat-matlala/ar-AA1Ma5w7?apiversion=v2&noservercache=1&domshim=1&renderwebcomponents=1&wcseo=1&batchservertelemetry=1&noservertelemetry=1|access-date=2025-09-19|website=www.msn.com}}</ref> O ipoletse gore ga a molato mo ditatofatsong tsotlhe mme o sa ntse a le mo kgolegelong morago ga go ganelwa ka go letlela tsheko kwa ntle ga kgolegelo, ka Lwetse a le lesome le bosupa 2025,<ref>{{Cite web|last=ENCA|date=2025-09-17|title=Vusimuzi 'Cat' Matlala denied bail|url=https://www.enca.com/news-top-stories/update-vusimuzi-cat-matlala-denied-bail|access-date=2025-09-19|website=www.enca.com}}</ref> ka mabaka a gore ke ka tloga a thoba le gore o kotsi mo setšhabeng.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Zeeman|first=Kyle|date=2025-09-17|title=Businessman Vusimuzi 'Cat' Matlala denied bail|url=https://www.citizen.co.za/news/just-in-businessman-vusimuzi-cat-matlala-denied-bail/|access-date=2025-09-19|website=The Citizen}}</ref> Mo ditheetsong tsa ikopelo ya go letlela tsheko kwantle ga kgolegelo, balaodi ba ne ba lemoga dintlha di le mmalwa tse di akantshang gore Matlala a ka tila go sekisiwa: ba ne ba latofatsa gore o na le lekwalo laitshupo la tsietso la [[Eswatini]] le dithoto tsa kwa ntle ga lefatshe (jaaka sefofane se se ikemetseng le diakhaonto tsa banka tsa kwa ntle) tse di ka thusang go fofa. Matlala o ganne dipolelo tse, a ganetsa gore dithoto tseo ke tsa gagwe le go pega babatlisisi molato wa go jala bosupi.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Majadibodu|first=Simon|date=2025-09-17|title=Court refuses bail for Matlala in alleged hit on actress ex-girlfriend Tebogo Thobejane|url=https://thestar.co.za/news/crime-and-courts/2025-09-17-court-refuses-bail-for-matlala-in-alleged-hit-on-actress-ex-girlfriend-tebogo-thobejane/|access-date=2025-09-19|website=The Star}}</ref> Mo godimo ga ditatofatso tsa bokebekwa, Matlala o ile a amega mo ditatofatsong tse di anameng tsa “go tshwara mapodise,” dipolelo tsa gore badiredibagolo ba sepodise ba ne ba tlhotlhelediwa ka tsela e e sa siamang ke batho ba kgwebo. Go begwa fa babatlisisi ba mo tsaya e le motho yo o botlhokwa mo ditatofatsong tse di ntseng jalo, tse di nnileng le seabe mo go simololweng ga [[Khomišene ya Madlanga|Khomišene ya Dipatlisiso ya Madlanga]] ka ga tshenyetso setshaba ya SAPS.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gololo|first=Thato|title=UPDATE {{!}} 'Clear danger to the community': Tender tycoon Vusimusi 'Cat' Matlala denied bail|url=https://www.news24.com/southafrica/crime-and-courts/clear-danger-to-the-community-tender-tycoon-vusimusi-cat-matlala-denied-bail-20250917-0626|access-date=2025-09-19|website=News24}}</ref> Tona ya pele ya sepodisi [[Bheki Cele]] o dumetse gore o kopane le Matlala dibeke pele ga thendara ya R360m e phimolwa.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2025-09-11|title=Cele caught meeting Cat Matlala weeks before R360-million tender axed|url=https://scrolla.africa/cele-caught-meeting-cat-matlala-weeks-before-r360-million-tender-axed/|access-date=2025-09-19|website=Scrolla.Africa|archive-date=2025-09-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250912005456/https://scrolla.africa/cele-caught-meeting-cat-matlala-weeks-before-r360-million-tender-axed/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=9 LIVES {{!}} How the 'Cat' captured the heart of the SAPS|url=https://specialprojects.news24.com/9-lives/|access-date=2025-09-19|website=specialprojects.news24.com}}</ref> Ka ntlha ya seo, ditirisano tsa ga Matlala tsa kgwebo le dikgolagano tsa sepolotiki di gogile tebelelo e e tseneletseng ya setšhaba le ya semmuso kwa Aforika Borwa. Ka Lwetse a le masome mabedi le boferabongwe 2025, mookamedi wa botlhodi jwa bosenyi [[Dumisani Khumalo]] o ne a tlamela ka tshedimosetso e nngwe mo setlhopheng sa bosenyi se se rulagantsweng se se raraaneng, se se bidiwang “Big Five” se Matlala e leng karolo ya sone. O umakile The cartel, e e kwa [[Gauteng]], go bolelwa fa e amega mo makaleng a a farologaneng a bosenyi jo bo rulagantsweng, go akaretsa le go gweba ka diritibatsi, go gapa batho ka dikgoka, tsietso ya dithendara, le dipolao tsa dikonteraka.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Eyaaz|date=2025-09-29|title=Khumalo: 'Big 5' cartel paid ANC delegates and drove task team's disbandment|url=https://mg.co.za/news/2025-09-29-khumalo-big-5-cartel-paid-anc-delegates-and-drove-task-teams-disbandment/|access-date=2025-09-30|website=The Mail & Guardian}}</ref> == Metswedi == {{reflist}} fu8yugcsqe9eb9pnx8z6piob6aiihal 0 11335 54456 44340 2026-09-05T13:32:00Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 54456 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Saara Kuugongelwa-Amadhila|office=Motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente ya Namibia|image=2020 Saara Kuugongelwa-Amadhila (cropped).jpg|caption=Kuugongelwa-Amadhila ka 2020|predecessor=[[Peter Katjavivi]]|president=[[Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah]]|term_start=Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa 2025|office2=Tona wa tsa madi|predecessor2=[[Nangolo Mbumba]]|president2=[[Sam Nujoma]] [[Hifikepunye Pohamba]]|party=[[SWAPO]]|deputy1=[[Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah]] (2015 go tsena 2024) [[John Mutorwa]] (2024 go tsena 2025)|office1=Tonakgolo wa Namibia|predecessor1=[[Hage Geingob]]|president1=[[Hage Geingob]]|successor1=[[Elijah Ngurare]]|successor2=[[Calle Schlettwien]]|birth_date=1967 Phalane a le lesome le bobedi|birth_place=[[Otamansi]] kwa [[South West Africa]]|nationality=Namibian|alma_mater=[[Lincoln University]] ([[Pennsylvania]])|occupation=Mopolotiki|honorific-prefix=Motlotlegi|honorific-suffix=Mopalamente|office3=Mookamedi wa komiti ya thulaganyo ya Namibia|office4=Mopalamente wa Namibia|president3=[[Sam Nujoma]]|successor3=[[Immanuel Ngatjizeko]]|term_end1=Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa 2015|term_end3=2003|term_start1=Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa 2015|term_start2=2003|term_start3=1995|term_start4=1995}} '''Saara Kuugongelwa-Amadhila''' (o o tshotsweng ka Phalane a le lesome le bobedi ngwaga wa 1967) ke mopolotiki wa kwa [[Namibia]] o e leng motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente ya Namibia fa e sale ka Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa 2025. O berekile e le tonakgolo wa Namibia go tswa ka 2015 go tsena 2025. Ke leloko la [[South West Africa People's Organization]] (SWAPO), o sale a nna leloko la palamente ya Namibia fa e sale ka 1995. O berekile e le tona wa tsa madi go tswa ka 2003 go tsena 2015.<ref>[https://www.parliament.na/dt_team/kuugongelwa-amadhila-saara/ "Kuugongelwa-Amadhila, Saara"]. ''Namibian Parliament''. Retrieved 16 October 2025.</ref> Ke mosadi wa ntlha go bereka e le tonakgolo wa lefatshe la Namibia. Kuugongelwa-Amadhila o na le dithuto tsa Doctorate tsa madi a setšhaba le MSc ya itsholelo ya madi. E ne e le wa itsholelo kwa ofising ya ga tautona ka 1995 gape e le mookamedi wa komiti ya dithulaganyo tsa setšhaba go tswa ka 1995 go tsena 2003.<ref>[https://www.weforum.org/people/saara-kuugongelwa-amadhila/ "Saara Kuugongelwa-Amadhila".] ''World Economic Forum''. Retrieved 16 October 2025</ref> Ka Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa 2025, Kuugongelwa-Amadhila o ne a tlhophiwa go nna motamaisa dipuisano ta palamente ya namibia dingwaga di le tlhano, ke ene mosadi wa ntlha kwa Namibia go etelela pele palamente ya koo.<ref name=":0">[https://www.namibian.com.na/kuugongelwa-amadhila-elected-as-first-woman-national-assembly-speaker-after-decade-as-prime-minister/ "Kuugongelwa-Amadhila elected as first woman National Assembly speaker after decade as prime minister"]. ''The Namibian''. 20 March 2025. Retrieved 16 October 2025</ref> == Botshelo jwa a le mmotlana le thuto == '''Saara Kuugongelwa''' o tshotswe ka Phalane a le lesome le bobedi ngwaga wa 1967 kwa [[Otamanzi,]] kwa [[South West Africa]] (kwa e leng [[Namibia]] gompieno) e le gofejane wa bana ba le batlhano. Rraagwe ebong Fillemon Kuugongelwa, e ne e le mmereki wa konteraka kwa [[Oranjemund]] o o tlhokafetseng fa Saara a le dingwaga di robabongwe, fa mmaagwe, Alina Shikongo, e ne e le mogokgo o o tlhokafetseng ka nako yab Saara a le dingwaga di le lesome le bobedi.<ref name=":0" /> O ne a tshaba le [[SWAPO]] ka 1980 a le dingwaga di le lesome le boraro a ya kwa [[Sierra Leone]] ka 1982 a le dingwaga di le lesome le botlhano.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180706163501/http://www.opm.gov.na/prime-minister "THE PRIME MINISTER OF REPUBLIC OF NAMIBIA".] ''OPM.gov.na''. Archived from the original on 6 July 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2025</ref> O tsene sekolo se segolwane sa [[Koidu Girls School]] go tswa ka 1982 go tsena 1982, le Saint Joseph's School go tswa ka 1984 go tsena 1987. Go tswa ka 1991 go tsena 1994, o ne atsena sekolo se segolwane sa ithutelo ditiro sa [[Lincoln University]] kwa [[Pennsylvannia]] , [[USA|United States]], kwa a alogileng ka MSc wa itsholelo.<ref name=":1">[https://www.nid.org.na/404-error Graham Hopwood:Who's Who, Kuugongelwa-Amadhila, Saara - Swapo] Namibian Institute for Democracy [https://web.archive.org/web/20110611173411/http://www.nid.org.na/view_book_entry.php?book_id=101 Archived] June 11, 2011, at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]</ref><ref>[https://www.parliament.na/dt_team/kuugongelwa-amadhila-saara/ "Kuugongelwa-Amadhila, Saara"]. [[:en:Government_of_Namibia|Government of Namibia.]] Retrieved 16 October 2025.</ref> == Tiro ya sepolotiki == Kuugongelwa-Amadhila o ne a boela Namibia morago ga go aloga kwa Lincoln University, a tsaya maemo a mmereki wa itsholelo kwa ofising ya ga tautona ka fa tlase ga ga [[Sam Nujoma]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1995, morago ga dikgwedi fela a le mo tirong, Nujoma o ne a mo tlhopha go ya palamenteng a le dingwaga di le masome mabedi le bosupa a mo dira mookamedi wa komiti ya dithulaganyo tsa setšhaba<ref name=":1" />, maemo a a lekanang le a bo tona. Ka 2003, Nujoma o ne a mo tlhatlosa maemo go nna tona wa tsa madi.<ref name=":2">[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304013454/https://www.newera.com.na/2015/03/12/profile-saara-kuugongelwa-amadhila/ "Profile: Saara Kuugongelwa-Amadhila".] ''New Era''. 12 March 2015. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 16 October 2025.</ref><ref name=":3">Mongudhi, Tileni; Smith, Sonja (17 June 2022). [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304013454/https://www.newera.com.na/2015/03/12/profile-saara-kuugongelwa-amadhila/ "Kuugongelwa-Amadhila eyes presidential throne".] [[:en:The_Namibian|''The Namibian''.]] pp. 1, 6. Archived from [https://www.newera.com.na/2015/03/12/profile-saara-kuugongelwa-amadhila/ the original] on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 16 October 2025.</ref> O ne a tlhomamisiwa le tautona [[Hage Geingob]] go nna tonakgolo wa bone wa Namibia ka Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa 2015.<ref>Shinovene Immanuel and Theresia Tjihenuna, [https://www.namibian.com.na/135036/archive-read/Emotional-transition "Emotional transition"] Archived 2022-10-18 at the Wayback Machine, ''The Namibian'', 23 March 2015.</ref> Ke mosadi wa ntlha go nna mo maemong ao.<ref name=":2" /> Ka motsheganong 2016, o ne a tsaya karolo mo puisanong le Saara Kuugongelwa-Amadhila, tonakgolo wa Namibia,e le puisano e e laolwang, e buisiwa ke lekgotla la Wison la basadi la [[Aferika|Aforika]].<ref>[https://www.wilsoncenter.org/event/conversation-the-right-honourable-saara-kuugongelwa-amadhila-prime-minister-the-republic "A Conversation with The Right Honourable Saara Kuugongelwa-Amadhila, Prime Minister of the Republic of Namibia".] ''WilsonCenter.org''. Retrieved 16 October 2025.</ref> O buile ka tekatekano ya bong gangwe le gape, le ka loeto lwa ga tonakgolo wa [[Mali]], [[Modibo Keita]], le ka mafoko a a neng a balwa ke Christine Hoebes mo boemong jwa gagwe) kwa bokopanong jwa basadi ba Namibia jwa bo lesome, kwa a neng a supa fa go tlaa tsaya dingwaga di le masome a supa go lekalekanya dituelo tsa bong mo Aforika.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20241127051955/https://economist.com.na/18942/general-news/gender-equity-vital-to-sustained-growth/ "Gender equity vital to sustained growth".] [[Namibia Economist|''Namibia Economist''.]] 19 August 2016.</ref><ref>Kahiurika, Ndanki (15 August 2016). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221021173831/https://www.namibian.com.na/154423/archive-read/70-years-to-close-gender-gap-%E2%80%93-PM "70 years to close gender gap – PM".] ''The Namibian''. p. 1.</ref> Kuugongelwa-Amadhila o ne a phadisanela boeteledipele jwa SWAPO kwa bokopanong jwa ngwaga le ngwaga jwa phathi eo jwa 2022, mme a latlhegelwa kgatlhanong le [[Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah]], o a neng a nna ntlhopheng wa botautona mo ditlhophong tsa Namibia tsa 2024. Ka Mopitlo a le masome a mabedi le motso ngwaga wa 2025, Kuugongelwa-Amadhila o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mosadi wa ntlha go nna motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente ya Namibia, a fenya ka ditalama di le masome matlhano le botlhano kgatlhanong le [[Bernadus Swartbooi]] wa lekgotla la batho ba ba senang lefatshe, o a neng a amogela ditalama di le masome mane.<ref name=":0" /> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Kuugongelwa o nyetswe ke mogwebi Onesmus Tobias Amadhila.<ref name=":3" /> == Dietsele le tlotla == Ka letsatsi la bagaka ka 2014, o ne a fiwa tlotla ya Order of the Sun, maemo a bobedi. == Metswedi == 3ejinbm899kw6pgfxoh9iwbf7cch2u6 0 14761 54462 53991 2026-09-05T15:35:34Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 54462 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tumelo ya Baháʼí mo Botswana''' e simolola morago ga gore [[ʻAbdu’l-Bahá]], yo ka nako eo e neng e le moeteledipele wa Tumelo ya Baháʼí, a kwale makwalo a a neng a rotloetsa go isa bodumedi jono kwa Afrika ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongweble lesome le borataro. Babulatsela ba ntlha ba Baháʼí ba ne ba goroga mo Botswana mo e ka nnang ka kgwei ya Phalane ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano la bone, koo ba neng ba nna ditsala le Maaforika a mantsi. Ditlhopho tsa ntlha tsa Khuduthamaga ya Sechaba ya Semoya ya Baháʼí kwa Botswana e ne e le ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le bosupa . Palo ya sechana ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe e bala Baháʼí ba ka nna makgolo a supa.<ref name=":6">[https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2005/51449.htm International Religious Freedom Report 2005: Botswana.] United States Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (September 14, 2005). ''This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.''</ref>Le fa go ntse jalo, Mokgatlho wa Dipolokelo Tshedimosetso tsa Bodumedi o ne wa akanyetsa gore go ne go na le Baháʼí ba ka nna dikete di le lesome le borataro le makgolo a matlhano mo Botswana go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome. == Legato la ntlha == === Matlapa a ga Abdu'l-Bahá a Thulaganyo ya Bomodimo === ʻAbdu’l-Bahá o ne a kwalela balatedi ba tumelo kwa United States motseletsele wa makwalo, kgotsa matlapanakwalelo, ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le borataro goya ko go wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le bosupa (1916–1917)makwalo ano a ne a kokoanngwa mmogo mo bukeng ya Matlapa a Thulaganyo ya Bomodimo. Ya borobedi le ya bolesomepedi ya matlapanakwalelo ano e ne e umaka Afrika mme e ne ya kwalwa ka kgwedi ya Moranang a le lesome le borobabongwe ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le borataro le ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ale lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bongwe ka go latelana. Le fa go ntse jalo, go gatisiwa ga yone go ne ga diega kwa United States go fitlha ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le borobabongwe—morago ga bokhutlo jwa Ntwa ya Lefatshe I le mokgotlhwane wa Spain. Matlapa ano a ne a ranolwa le go tlhagisiwa ke Mirza Ahmad Sohrab ka Moranang e tlhola gane ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le robabongwe , mme a gatisiwa mo makasineng wa Star of the West ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ele lesome le bobedi ngwaga wa,sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le robabongwe .<ref>Abbas, ʻAbdu'l-Bahá (April 1919). [https://bahai-library.com/abdulbaha_tablets_instructions_explanation ''Tablets, Instructions and Words of Explanation''.] Mirza Ahmad Sohrab (trans. and comments).</ref>ʻAbdu'l-Bahá o umaka go tsamaya ga ga Baháʼís "...bogolo jang go tswa kwa Amerika go ya kwa Yuropa, Afrika, Asia le Australia, le go tsamaya go ralala Japane le China. Fela jalo, go tswa kwa Jeremane barutisi le badumedi ba ka nna ba tsamaya go ya kwa dikontinenteng tsa Amerika, Aforika, Japane le China; ka bokhutshwane, ba ka nna ba tsamaya mo dikontinenteng tsotlhe le ditlhaketlhake tsa lefatshe le "bongwe jwa m"<ref>[[:en:ʻAbdu'l-Bahá|Abdu’l Bahá]] (1991) [1916-17]. ''[https://reference.bahai.org/en/t/ab/TDP/tdp-8.html.iso8859-1 Tablets of the Divine Plan]'' (Paperback&nbsp;ed.). [[:en:Wilmette,_Illinois|Wilmette, Illinois]]: US Baháʼí Publishing Trust. pp.&nbsp;47–59. [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-87743-233-3|ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>0-87743-233-3</bdi>]].</ref> neela bana botlhe ba batho botshelo jo bosha, mme motlaagana wa kagiso ya lobopo lotlhe o tlhomiwe mo setlhoeng sa Amerika ka jalo Yuropa le Aforika di ka tshedisiwa ka mewa ya Mowa o o Boitshepo, lefatshe leno le ka nna lefatshe le lengwe, sepolotiki sa mmele se ka fitlhelela boitumelo jwa sesha.<ref>[[:en:ʻAbdu'l-Bahá|Abdu’l Bahá]] (1991) [1916-17]. ''[https://reference.bahai.org/en/t/ab/TDP/tdp-12.html.iso8859-1 Tablets of the Divine Plan]'' (Paperback&nbsp;ed.). [[:en:Wilmette,_Illinois|Wilmette, Illinois]]: US Baháʼí Publishing Trust. pp.&nbsp;82–89. [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-87743-233-3|ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>0-87743-233-3</bdi>]].</ref> == Tshimolodiso ya Badumedi == Go tlhongwa ga baagi Bodumedi bo gorogile mo lefelong leno ka nako ya bokhutlo jwa motlha wa Bechuanaland Protectorate, naga e e neng e le teng pele ga bokoloniale, ka fa tlase ga Kopano ya Aforika Borwa. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le boraro Shoghi Effendi, tlhogo ya bodumedi morago ga loso lwa ga ʻAbdu’l-Bahá, o ne a rulaganya thulaganyo ya boditšhabatšhaba ya go ruta e e bidiwang Ntwa ya Bokeresete ya Dingwaga di le Lesome.<ref name=":0">National Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of South Africa (1997). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20080408202119/http://www.bahai.org.za/cm/node/19 Baháʼís in South Africa - Progress of the Baháʼí Faith in South Africa since 1911"]. ''Official Website''. National Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of South Africa. Archived from the original on 8 April 2008. Retrieved 2008-03-19</ref>Ka nako ya thulaganyo babulatsela ba ne ba fudugela kwa mafatsheng a le mantsi go akaretsa le Botswana go tswa kwa mafelong. Se e ne e le ka nako ya kgolo e e anameng ya bodumedi go ralala Aforika e e kwa Borwa jwa Sahara gaufi le bokhutlo jwa paka ya Bokoloniale jwa Aforika.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20071209082606/http://philtar.ucsm.ac.uk/encyclopedia/sub/geness.html Overview Of World Religions".] ''General Essay on the Religions of Sub-Saharan Africa''. Division of Religion and Philosophy, University of Cumbria. Archived from [http://philtar.ucsm.ac.uk/encyclopedia/sub/geness.html the original] on 2007-12-09. Retrieved 2008-04-16.</ref>Maikaelelo a go tlhoma go nna teng ga Baháʼí kwa Bechuanaland a ne a abelwa Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Iran e e neng e sa ntse e dira ka nako eo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304022718/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=03&page=863 Guardian's Message to the Africa Intercontinnental Conference".] ''Baháʼí News''(281): 1–3. March 1953. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Le fa go ntse jalo, ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ngwaa wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a malthano le borarogo goroga ga bosheng ga lelapa la ga Johnson go tswa kwa Amerika ka nako eo kwa Aforika Borwa go ne ga bona go goroga ga ga John le Audrey<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140808052834/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=04&page=6 Pioneer Letters; Excerpts from Pioneer Letter to the Africa Teaching Committee; ''Johannesburg, March, 1954''".] ''Baháʼí News'' (281): 6. July 1954. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212].</ref>Robarts le morwawe Patrick le morwadie Nina go tswa kwa Canada ba ba neng ba thusiwa go fitlha kwa Mafeking<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304063819/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=03&page=1063 Pioneer Letters; Excerpts from Pioneer Letter to the Africa Teaching Committee; ''Edith and Lowell Johnson, Cape Town, South Africa''".] ''Baháʼí News''(280): 15. June 1954. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212].</ref>(ka nako eo kwa Bechuanaland) jaaka babulatsela ba Baháʼí kwa ba neng ba goroga teng ka kgwedi ya Phalame,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le bone <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304001943/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=04&page=64 Temple Land in Johannesburg".] ''Baháʼí News''(280): 4. October 1954. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>ba ne ba fetolwa go nna ba-Baháʼí. naga e e neng ya bona sereto sa Mogale wa Baháʼu’lláh go tswa go tlhogo ya Tumelo ya nako eo, e bong Shoghi Effendi.<ref name=":1">[https://news.bahai.org/story/356 Minister praises Baháʼí activities".] ''Baha'i World News Service''. Baháʼí International Community. 14 March 2005. Retrieved July 12, 2013.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le boraro go ne go na le dikopano di le pedi; ditlhopha di le supa, le leloko le le lengwe le le kgaoganeng.Ba lelapa la ga Robart ba ne ba tsene mo bodumeding jono ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mararo le borobabobedi mme fa go ne go tlhomiwa Kokoano ya ntlha ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Canada ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mane le borobabobedi , John o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetulo, e leng tiro e a neng a e dira go fitlha ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a mane le masome a matlhano le boraro fa ba ne ba fuduga.<ref name=":2">Paccassi Pat (August 2011). "[http://www.bahaihistorycaribbean.info/Hands_visits_to_St_Lucia_.pdf Visits of the Hands of the Cause of God to St. Lucia"] (PDF). ''Some information about the Hands of the Cause of God''.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le bone Seatla sa Lebaka, Musa Banani o ne a tlhoma John go nna Leloko la Boto e e Thusang mme lelapa le ne la ya loetong lwa bodumedi lwa Baháʼí. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano Lally Warren o ne a gakologelwa gore fa a ne a le ngwana yo monnye kwa Mafikeng go ne go sa tlwaelega go kopana le batho basweu ba ba neng ba mo itumedisa ka jalo o ne a dumela gore batho basweu botlhe ba bosula.<ref name=":1" />Seo se ne sa fetoga fa a kopana le lelapa la ga Robarts. <ref name=":3">[https://bahai-library.com/hassall_bahai_communities_country#16 Hassall Graham (2000). "Baháʼí Communities by Country: Research Notes".] ''Essays and short articles and Research notes''. Baháʼí Library Online</ref>"Ba ga Robart ba ne ba sa ntshware jaaka ngwana yo montsho, ba ne ba ntshwara jaaka ngwana," she said. O ne a gakologelwa fa a ne a le dingwaga di le lesome mme lelapa la ga Robarts le ne le tla kwa ntlong ya gagwe go tla go kopana le batsadi ba gagwe, James le Stella Moncho, banyalani ba ntlha ba lefelo leo go nna Baháʼí, "Ba ne ba kgona go dira seno fela bosigo, mme fa ba tla ba lebile ntlo ba ne ba tla tshuba dipone tsa bone tsa [koloi] le go di tima go re, 'Is can it... motlakase mo lefelong le lentsho mo malatsing ao ka jalo mmè o ne a tsaya lebone a bo a le ntsha ka fensetere a bo a le tsoka go re, 'Go siame, go babalesegile gore o tle.'"<ref name=":1" /> Lelapa la ga Robarts le ne la nna tsala le Modiri Molema, ngaka ya kalafi e e tlotlegang thata e bile e le ene fela montsho yo o neng a letleletswe go tsalana le basweu.<ref name=":1" /> Dr. Molema o ne a laletsa ditsala tsa gagwe le ba lelapa la gagwe go tla go utlwa ka bodumedi jono, mme o ne a naya lelapa la ga Robarts makwalo a go itsise Kgosi (dikgosi tsa setso) tsa Bechuanaland Protectorate. Dr. Molema o ne a sokologela mo bodumeding mme go ikwadisa ga gagwe ga go a ka ga itsisiwe phatlalatsa ka ntlha ya go ka tswa go ne go tshwenngwa ka ntlha ya go nna le seabe ga gagwe mo dipolotiking tsa maemo a a kwa godimo mo nakong e e fetileng. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le botlhano wa losika lwa gagwe, Stanlake Kukama, o ne a nna Motswana wa ntlha wa lefatshe la Bechuanaland go nna Mo-Baháʼí yo o boletsweng phatlalatsa. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano Kukama o ne a gakologelwa gore e ne e le molweladitshwanelo tsa tlhaolele, mme e ne e le leloko la lekoko la sepolotiki la Aforika Borwa, African National Congress mme o ne a tlhoile batho ba basweu ka ntlha ya boikutlo jwa bone ka Maaforika mme seo se ne sa fetoga fa a utlwa ka Tumelo ya Baháʼí go tswa mo lelapeng la ga Robarts: "Ka Iháíʼard the59. melaometheo ya Tumelo e ne e le tharabololo ya go [fitlhelela] kagiso le kutlwano mo bathong.... Ke ne ka lemoga gore basweu le bantsho botlhe ba ne ba sa bone boammaaruri, ba ne ba sena leitlho la moya Ka jalo, ke ne ka nna Mo-Baháʼí tharabololo ya go tshegetsa The National1. dingwaga di le dintsi ntle le katlego. Mapodise a ne a nna a mo beile leitlho le fa a sena go nna Mo-Baháʼí ka gonne ba ne ba sa dumele gore o tlogetse dipolotiki tsa lekoko. Moragonyana Rre Kukama o ne a direla dingwaga di le dintsi e le leloko la Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Baháʼí ba Bophuthatswana le ba Aforika Borwa.<ref name=":1" /> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le borataro Tumelo ya Baháʼí e ne e le teng ka dipalo tse dinnye go ralala mafatshena le lesome le botlhano a borwa jwa Afrika. Go tsamaisa merafe e go ne ga tlhophiwa ga khuduthamaga ya secahaba ya Semoya ya kgaolo mo Aforika Borwa Bophirima go ba akaretsa. <ref name=":4">Compiled by [http://bahai-library.com/handscause_statistics_1953-63&chapter=1 Hands of the Cause Residing in the Holy Land. "The Baháʼí Faith: 1844-1963: Information Statistical and Comparative, Including the Achievements of the Ten Year International Baháʼí Teaching & Consolidation Plan 1953-1963".] pp.&nbsp;25, 59.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le borataro John Robarts o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la yone.<ref name=":3" />Mo tshimologongbya ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le bosupa setšhaba sa Baháʼí se ne se le batho ba ba fa gare ga lesome le masome a mabedi mme sa nna karolo ya kokoano ya bosetšhaba ya kgaolo ya Afrika Borwa le Bophirima. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le boraro go ne go na le dikopano di le pedi; ditlhopha di le supa, le leloko le le lengwe le le kgaoganeng.<ref name=":2" /> Bokopano bo ne bo le kwa [[Lobatse]], le kwa [[Mahalapye]] le ditlhopha kwa [[Gaborone]], [[Ghanzi]], [[Kopong]], [[Mafeking]], [[Molepolole]], [[Morwa]], [[Serowe]], le Mobaháʼí yo o nosi kwa Moeng (e e gaufi le Dithaba tsa Tswapong).<ref name=":4" /> == Tlhabololo ya Sechaba == Morago ga loso lwa ga Shoghi Effendi, Ntlo ya Bosiamisi ya Lefatshe Lotlhe e e tlhophilweng e ne e le tlhogo ya bodumedi mme ya simolola go rulaganya sešwa merafe ya Baháʼí ya Aforika, go akaretsa le Botswana, ka go kgaoganya merafe ya bosetšhaba go bopa Dikokoano tsa bona tsa Bosetšhaba go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bone le fa e le ka dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bosuap kokoano e ntšhwa e e tlhophilweng ya kgaolo ya Aforika Borwa Bogare, ka nako eo e ne e akaretsa dinaga tsa Botswana, Malawi le Rhodesia.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304022750/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=06&page=647 Newly-elected National Spiritual Assembly of South Central Africa…".] ''Baháʼí News'' (437): 11. August 1967. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212].</ref> a yone e ne e le: Willard Mahtunge, Florence Fat’he-Aazam, Esther Moncho, Esther Glauder, Brian Eames, Enayat Sohaili, Leonard Chiposi, Helen A. Hope, le John D. Sargent Sr. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa Sekolo sa Bašwa sa Bosetšhaba sa ntlha mo Botswana se ne sa tsenelwa ke bašwa ba feta masome a mararo, bagolo le barutabana.<ref>“[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304063129/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=07&page=691 Botswana First Youth Institute"]. ''Baháʼí News''(477): 11. December 1970. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Morago ga dithuto banana ba ne ba etela metse e le meraro e e neng e rulagantswe pele ke kokoano ya setshaba ka tumelelo ya dikgosi tsa selegae kwa ba neng ba ntsha puo e e neng e amogetswe sentle e e neng e ba baakanyeditswe segolobogolo. Ka ntlha ya go amogelwa ga puo ba ne ba lalediwa kwa metseng e mengwe e merataro ke dikgosi tsa metse eo mme kgabagare ba tlhagisa bodumedi mo bathong ba ba ka nnang makgolo a supa ba ba neng ba le teng kwa dipuong tseo. Go ne ga begwa gape ka loeto lono mo radiong ya lefelo leo. Moragonyana Baháʼí ba ntlha go tswa kwa Ba-Bushmen le kwa Ba-Kgalagadi ba ne ba tsene mo bodumeding jono. Nako e ne ya goroga ya gore go tlhophiwe Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Baháʼí ya Botswana e e neng ya tlhophiwa ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa.<ref name=":5">[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304063233/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=08&page=37 Progress Report of Botswana".] ''Baháʼí News''(492): 12–13. March 1972. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Maloko a yone mo ditlhophong tsa ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bongwe e ne e le:<ref name=":5" />Stanley Matenge, Esther Moncho, Isaac Kgang, Dennis Makiwa, Maureen Gruber, Robert Sarracino, Bogatlu Pheto, Jeffrey Gruber, le Broer Oageng. Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bongwe go ne ga dirwa dipuo tsa ntlha tsa phatlalatsa ka ga bodumedi kwa Gaborone mme tsa gasiwa mo Radio Botswana ka setlhogo se se reng "Ditumelo tsa Setso tsa Aforika le Kutlwano ya Madumedi a Lefatshe".<ref name=":5" />oTshekatsheko ya morafe e ne ya lemoga gore kokoano ya bosetšhaba le dikokoano tsa selegae di le tlhano di ne di tsentse le go kwadisa le puso. Go tswa foo kokoano ya bosetšhaba e ne ya nna beng ba semolao ba lefelo la bosetšhaba la Baháʼí. Mafelo a le masome a marataro le bosuap a ne a tsentswe mo bodumeding mme go ne go weditswe go ranolwa ga dikwalo dingwe tsa Se-Baháʼí. Dikgosi di ka nna masome a mane mo maemong a a farologaneng di ne di rometswe melaetsa ke kokoano ya bosetšhaba ka bodumedi jono. Go ne go etetswe metse e le masome a matlhano le bosupa mme go ne ga felela ka gore go nne le dikopano tsa bontsi. Go ne go na le babulatsela ba le banè fela ka nako eo. Motse wa Boneapitse o ne o lemogiwa e le bontsi jwa Baháʼí. Kokoano ya selegae ya Ba-Bush botlhe e ne ya tlhophiwa la ntlha kwa Tshasane ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bonedi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304063712/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=08&page=584 Bushman Assembly". ''B'']''aháʼí News'' (492): 6. February 1974. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Fa e tlhophiwa gape ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le boraro maloko a yone e ne e le: Ci-!Gau, !'ea, Titi, Diolo, Kaka, Mashipa, N!!g<nowiki>''</nowiki>ae-!Nobo, Baberi, Mpalo. Sekaka sa Kalahari (se se bontshiwang ka mmala o mohibidu) le Mogobedi wa Kalahari (mmala wa lamune) Sekolo sa ntlha sa bosetšhaba sa selemo se ne sa diragala ka kgwedi ya Morule ele masome a mabedi le borobabongwe go ya go ko go ya Hirikgonge tlhola bone ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le borobabongwe go ya ko ngwageng wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi- mme sa latelwa ke khonferense ya kgaolo ka ga go itsisiwe ga bodumedi ka botsayakarolo jwa Lobatse, Jwaneng, le Kanye mo godimo ga maloko a kokoano ya bosetšhaba le maloko a thuso ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole. Ka<ref>. ''Baháʼí News'' (594): 12. September 1980. ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.</ref> kgwedi ya Phatwe,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bongwe bokopano jwa ntlha ya boditšhabatšhaba ya Botswana e ne ya tsenelwa ke bagolo le bana ba le lekgolo le masome a matlhano go tswa kwa mafatsheng a le supa.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (599): 14. February 1981. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bone Baháʼís ba Gaborone ba ne ba tshwara dikopano di le mmalwa tsa phatlalatsa - e nngwe e ne e tlhomolola Letsatsi la UN le badiredibagolo ba le mmalwa ba toropo ba neng ba le teng kwa go lone, e nngwe e ne e le le Mogakolodi yo o etileng Hooper Dunbar e le yone e neng e begwa ke dikgang tsa thelebishene le radio.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (647): 15. February 1985. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le botlhano Baháʼí ba ne ba lalediwa kwa seminareng e e neng e bua ka ditumelo kwa Yunibesithing ya Batswana.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (654): 15. September 1985. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Bašwa ba feta lekgolo ba ne ba kopana kwa khonferenseng ya boditšhabatšhaba ya bašwa ka Phatwe e e neng ya bulwa ke motlatsamopresidente wa nako eo wa Botswana - [[Peter Mmusi]]<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (657): 14. December 1985. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Ngwaga oo gape e ne e le one fa Tsholofetso ya Kagiso ya Lefatshe Lotlhe ya Ntlo ya Bosiamisi e ne ya neelwa moporesidente wa nako eo wa Botswana, [[Quett Masire]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304022915/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=11&page=565 Governments receive peace statement".] ''Baháʼí News'' (659): 14. February 1986. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304111222/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=12&page=228 The Promise of World Peace".] ''Baháʼí News''(683): 2–3. February 1988. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>mmogo le go ranolwa ka Setswana<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304003818/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=12&page=89 The Promise of World Peace"]. ''Baháʼí News''(675): 12. June 1987. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> jaaka karolo ya go keteka ka kakaretso Ngwaga wa Boditšhabatšhaba wa Kagiso wa UN.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304063722/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=12&page=136 International Year of Peace (roll call of nations) - Botswana".] ''Baháʼí News'' (678): 3. September 1987. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Patlisiso ya maemo a boditšhabatšhaba a bodumedi ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bosupa e fitlhetse gore le fa Botswana e ne e na le dikopano tsa bosetšhaba le tsa selegae tse di neng di amogela semolao Malatsi a a Boitshepo a Baháʼí, manyalo le go gololwa mo lekgethong jaaka bodumedi di ne di sa amogelwe.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304023011/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=12&page=106 Statistical Update - Worldwide recognition of the Faith"]. ''Baháʼí News'' (676): 11. July 1987. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Diketelo tsa Diatla tsa Lebaka Hands of the Cause ke setlhopha se se tlhophilweng sa Baháʼí, se se tlhomilweng botshelo jotlhe, se tiro ya sone e kgolo e neng e le go anamisa le go sireletsa bodumedi. Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bongwe Seatla sa Lebaka Adelbert Mühlschlegel e ne e le ene wa ntlha go etela Botswana.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304083157/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=08&page=36 Hand of Cause visits Botswana"]. ''Baháʼí News''(683): 12–13. March 1972. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a ribabongwe le masome a supa le bongwe Seatla sa Lebaka Enoch Olinga o ne a etela naga mme a etela merafe e meraro e mesha le e e matlhagatlhaga thata ya Baháʼí mo Botswana - Ratholo le Bonwapitse (ka bobedi mo kgaolong ya Tswapong Hills), le Tsela ya Palla (e e bidiwang Dinokwe) kutlwano ya batho, tshenolo e e tswelelang pele, le gore bodumedi bo ne bo le teng mo dinageng di le dintsi tse di ka kwa ga mafatshe a bone le fa dibuka tsa sekolo di ne di sa umake bodumedi joo. Moragonyana o ne a neela puo ya phatlalatsa e e bidiwang "Tumelo ya Baháʼí le Thulaganyo ya Loago" le potsolotso ya radio kwa Gaborone kwa a neng a bua ka ditlhogo tse di farologaneng go tswa mo tlhalosong ya lefoko "Baháʼí", ditsong tsa bodumedi, kamano ya jone le Bokeresete le mathata a ditlwaelo tsa loago mo Aforika Borwa. Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome s supa le bobedi Seatla sa Lebaka Ruhiyyih Khanum o ne a etela lefatshe malatsi a ka nna masome a mabedi.<ref>Nakhjavani, Violette (April 1973). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304051251/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=08&page=351 The Great Safari of Hand of the Cause Ruhiyyih Khanum, part 15"]. ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 16–21. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>O ne a kgatlhantshiwa sekgala sa oura go tswa kwa motseng wa Selebi-Phikwe ke mme yo mosha a na le losea lwa beke. Kwa metseng e le mmalwa go akaretsa le Seleka o ne a kopana le barutabana ba dikolo tsa selegae. O ne a akgola babulatsela ba ba neng ba le kwa magaeng go na le go kokoana mo motsemogolong. Kwa motseng o mongwe o ne a bua kwa kholetšheng ya katiso ya barutabana a ela tlhoko thuto ya Baháʼí ya go lekalekana ga bong le botlhokwa jwa bomme le barutabana, go fedisa go sa itse go bala le go kwala mme a re dikgang tsa tumelo ga di a ikaega ka go ithuta dibuka. Mo go Bonwapitse o ne a bua ka botlhokwa jwa thapelo, bokao jwa "Alláh'u'Abhá". Kwa Mmutlane o ne a bua ka kgang ya ditoro tse di amanang le Baháʼu’lláh le Báb. O ne a tswelela kwa metseng e mengwe mme a tshwantsha dikarabo tse di farologaneng tsa tumelo. Kwa Sekakeng sa Kalahari o ne a kopana le Ba-Bushmen fa e le ba le mmalwa fela ba ba neng ba tsene mo bodumeding go fitlha ga jaana ba solofetse gore bodumedi bo tla thusa go somarela dinonofo tsa bone tsa bonolo le bomolemo. Morago ga moo o ne a kopana le kokoano ya bosetšhaba bogolo jang ka kgang ya pono ya Baháʼí ya "therisano", ya gore madi a Baháʼí a tshwanetse go dirisiwa mo maikaelelong a a rileng a go itsise bodumedi. Kwa Lobatse o ne a bua kwa kholetšheng e nngwe ya ithutelo barutabana ka botlhokwa jwa banana. Motse wa bofelo e ne e le Tsholofelo e e Molemo kwa a neng a kopana le Baháʼí ba ntlha ba Botswana -Rre. le Mme Moncho. Ka kgwedibya Mopitlwe ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le borobabobedi Seatla sa Lebaka H. Collis Featherstone o ne a etela Botswana beke yotlhe a bua ka dikgopolo tsa Baháʼí ka ga ditlhogo tsa bodumedi mme a neela puo mo radiong.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304062958/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=09&page=815 Botswana: Hand of the Cause visits"]. ''Baháʼí News'' (570): 13. September 1978. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Moranang John Robarts, yo o neng a tlhomiwa go nna Letsogo la Tiro ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le bosups, le mosadi wa gagwe Audrey ba ne ba boela mo Botswana. Ba ne ba etela metse e le mmalwa le ditsala tsa bone tsa bogologolo mme ba botsolodiwa mo Dikgannyeng tsa Botswana Daily le Radio Botswana.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 14. December 1981. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> == Dipolelo tsa Batho == Paula Rath o ne a nna kwa Botswana ka ngwaga wa 1972–73 le monna wa gagwe wa pele, Dick Graham jaaka babulatsela ba Baha'i mme a ne a tsamaisa lekwalodikgang le lennye le le bidiwang Puisano.<ref>Ratha Paula (March 27, 2013). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20220701065644/https://paularath.com/2013/03/titi-my-bushman-friend-in-botswana/ Titi, my Bushman Friend in Botswana".] ''Blog … more than fashion''.</ref> Maureen Page e ne e le mokwaledi wa Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Ba-Baha'i ba Botswana dingwaga di le dintsi mme monna wa gagwe Jeff Gruber e ne e le moitseanape wa puo, a ithuta puo e e rileng ya Bushman. Jeff o ne a dira mo go tlhameng alefabete e e kwadilweng ya puo ya Se-Bushman e e neng e ise e ko e aroganngwe le go bewa ka dialefabete pele ga a dira le Mo-Bushman wa Kalahari yo o neng a bua Setswana sentle. Go ne ga dirwa dithanolo mme ka ngwags wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome s supa le boraro go ne ga dirwa buka ya dithapelo tsa Baháʼí (e e neng ya gatisiwa jaaka "Dithapelo tsa Baháʼí tse di kwadilweng ke Baháʼu'lláh, Bab le ʻAbdu'l-Baha,").<ref>translated by the Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of Botswana (1999) [1977]. [http://www.bahaiprayers.org/setswana/about.htm ''Dithapelo Tsa Baháʼí''(]online&nbsp;ed.). Local Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of Shoreline, Washington (USA). [[:en:Special:BookSources/99912-0-245-5|ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>99912-0-245-5</bdi>.]]</ref> Motshabi wa kwa Iran fa e sale ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masime a supa le borobabongwe, Yousef Mostaghim, le ba lelapa la gagwe ba ne ba tswelela go ema ditiro tsa Baháʼí nokeng fa ba ne ba fudugela kwa Gaborone, kwa Botswana dikgwedi di le mmalwa, mo e ka nnang ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le madome a robabobedi le bobedi pele ga ba nna kwa United States.<ref name=":7">[https://web.archive.org/web/20130504150733/http://www.bahai.us/2013/02/28/tributes-in-brief-r-portillo-y-mostaghim-p-stern-w-johnson-a-schurgast-e-varjavandi-f-otey-p-adlparvar-r-borah-g-sen/ Tributes in brief".] National Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of the United States. February 28, 2013. Archived from [http://www.bahai.us/2013/02/28/tributes-in-brief-r-portillo-y-mostaghim-p-stern-w-johnson-a-schurgast-e-varjavandi-f-otey-p-adlparvar-r-borah-g-sen/ the original] on May 4, 2013.</ref> [[Dwight W. Allen]] o ne a dira jaaka Mogakolodi wa Tlhabololo ya Badiri wa Kholetšhe ya Thuto ya [[Molepolole]] le Lefapha la Thuto, kwa Botswana, fa e ne e le Modirisanimmogo wa Patlisiso le Yunibesithi ya Puso ya Florida ka ngwaga wa1986–88.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121101232244/http://ww2.odu.edu/educ/dwallen/ResumeAllen.htm About Dr. Dwight W. Allen"]. Old Dominion University in Norfolk, Virginia, USA. Archived from [http://ww2.odu.edu/educ/dwallen/ResumeAllen.htm the origina]l on 2012-11-01.</ref><ref>[https://www.du.edu/con-res/newsletters/news-wi-2013/drallen.html Dr Douglas Allen, CRI Core Faculty & Director, IMBA program at DU's Daniel's College of Business"]. ''Faculty Spotlight''. Conflict Resolution Institute, University of Denver. 2005.</ref> Ash Hartwell e ne e le moithaopi wa pele wa Peace Corps mo diphatlhatirong tse di farologaneng mo Aforika mme morago a boela kwa United States. O ne a nna moithuti wa ga Dwight W. Allen ka go fetola dithulaganyo tsa thuto tsa yunibesithi, a ithuta le go tsenela Tumelo ya Baháʼí, mme morago ga moo a boela kwa Afrika. Kgabagare lelapa la gagwe le ne la fudugela kwa Botswana.<ref>Warren Odess-Gillett (February 6, 2006). "[http://www.bahaipodcast.com/archives.asp?pYrID=2006 Ash Hartwell (part 2)"]. ''A Baha'i Perspective''. Season 2006. Valley Free Radio.</ref>Fa a le koo o ne a nna le tshono ya go dirisana le Ba-Bushmen ba Kalahari ka nako ya maeto a a neng a lebisitswe mo Baháʼí mme a dira go laola thulaganyo ya go katisa barutabana ba thuto e e kwa godimo mo e ka nnang dingwaga di le tlhano pele a fetela kwa Egepeto.<ref>Warren Odess-Gillett (February 7, 2006). "[http://www.bahaipodcast.com/archives.asp?pYrID=2006 Ash Hartwell (part 3)"]. ''A Baha'i Perspective''. Season 2006. Valley Free Radio.</ref> Lally Warren e ne e le leloko la Boto ya Bagakolodi ba Kontinente mo Aforika go tloga ka ngwags wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le botlhano go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi mme o diretse bodumedi mo maemong a mangwe a mantsi.<ref name=":1" /> Ditlhopha tsa basadi tse di tswelelang Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le madime a supa le botlhano para ya basadi ba ba tswang kwa Rhodesia ba ne ba tsamaya mafelo a le mmalwa mo nageng ba tshwara dithuto tse di atolositsweng ka bodumedi mo mafelong a le mmalwa ba tsweletsa pele tiro ya basadi. Bobedi jo bo ne jwa kopanngwa ke basha ba le mmalwa ba lefelo leo.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 18–19. December 1975. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Eleruri, ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le borataro ditlelapa di le tlhano tsa tiro ya diatla tsa basadi ba Baháʼí di ne di dira ka thuso ya Iran Sohaili go tswa kwa Rhodesia.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304051051/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=09&page=406 Clubs for Baháʼí women organized]". ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 2. December 1976. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Go ne ga nna le pokano e e neng ya tswelela ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le borobabobedi fa setlhotshwana sa Baháʼí se ne se ba etela beke yotlhe mme sa ba kgothaletsa go amogela mokgele wa go atolosa motse o o gaufi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304063832/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=09&page=738 Botswana: Deepening institute held]". ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 14. May 1979. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> == Bodumedi jwa Sesha == Fa e sa le bodumedi bo tlhongwa bo nnile le seabe mo tlhabololong ya loago le itsholelo go simolola ka go naya basadi kgololesego e kgolo,<ref name=":8">Momen Moojan. "[https://bahai-library.com/momen_encyclopedia_iran#9.%20Social%20and%20economic%20development History of the Baháʼí Faith in Iran]". ''draft "A Short Encyclopedia of the Baháʼí Faith"''. Bahai-library.com. Retrieved 2009-10-16.</ref>go itsise go rotloetsa thuto ya basadi jaaka tlhobaboroko e e tlang pele,<ref>Kimgdon,Geeta Gandhi (1997). "[https://bahai-library.com/kingdon_education_women_development Education of women and socio-economic development".] ''Baháʼí Studies Review''. '''7''' (1).</ref>mme go nna le seabe goo go ne ga newa tlhagiso e e mosola ka go tlhama dikolo, ditleliniki le dikoporasi tsa temothuo<ref name=":8" />Bodumedi bo ne jwa tsena mo kgatong e ntšhwa ya tiro fa molaetsa wa Ntlo ya Bosiamisi ya Lefatshe Lotlhe wa letlha la kgwedi ya Phalane ele masome a mabedi,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le boraro o ne o gololwa.<ref>Momen Moojan; Smith, Peter (1989). "[https://bahai-library.com/momen_smith_developments_1957-1988 The Baháʼí Faith 1957–1988: A Survey of Contemporary Developments".] ''Religion''. '''19''' (1): 63–91. [[doi:10.1016/0048-721X(89)90077-8]].</ref> Ba-Baháʼí ba ne ba rotloediwa go batla ditsela, tse di tsamaisanang le dithuto tsa Baháʼí, tse ka tsone ba neng ba ka nna le seabe mo go tlhabololeng loago le itsholelo ya merafe e ba nnang mo go yone. Lefatshe ka bophara ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le borobabongwe go ne go na le ditiro di le lekgolo le masome a mabedi le borobabongwe tsa tlhabololo ya loago le itsholelo tsa Baháʼí tse di neng di amogelwa semmuso. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bosupa1, palo ya diporojeke tsa tlhabololo tse di amogetsweng semmuso e ne e oketsegile go ka nna sekete,makgolo a mane le masome a robabobedi le bobedi == Ditiro tsa Banana == Tiro ya ntlha ya go ruta basha botlhe e e neng ya diragala kwa Botswana, le leeto la ntlha la go ruta la setlhopha le le neng la dirwa mo Tumelong mo nageng eo, le ne la diragala ka kgwedi ya Phatwe, ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa. Setlhopha sa banana ba ka nna lesome go ya go lesome le botlhano ba Baha'i, go akaretsa le White Dikhang, Patrick Masimolole, Godfrey Peterrrabisino N, T o ne a tsamaya go tswa Gaborone borwa go ya kwa tikologong e e dikologileng Lobatse, bophirima go ya Kanye, bokone go ya Molepolole, mme a boela kwa Gaborone, a bolela le go ruta Tumelo mo metseng e ka nna lesome le bobedi. Mo motseng mongwe le mongwe o o neng o etelwa ba ne ba ya kwa kgosing kgotsa kgosana ya motse mme ba kopa go bua le ba ba neng ba kokoane kwa kgotleng ya mo mosong, e leng kgotlatshekelo ya letsatsi le letsatsi e kgosi e neng e tla e tshwara mo motseng. Mo maemong otlhe setlhopha seno sa basha se ne sa amogelwa sentle, mme gantsi tlhagiso ya ntlha e ne e latelwa ke thulaganyo e e tshelang ya dipotso le motlotlo. Gareng ga ditiro tsa ntlha tsa tlhabololo mo Botswana e ne e le go simolola ka thulaganyo porojeke e kgolo ya "Ngwaga wa Tirelo ya Bašwa" e e neng e gokaganya ditiro tsa boithaopo le dikopano tse di nang le tlhokego e e tlhalositsweng.<ref>[[Look at programs around the world". Baháʼí News (505): 2–3. April 1988. ISSN 0195-9212.|A look at programs around the world"]]. ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 2–3. April 1988. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Se se ne sa atolosiwa ke lenaneo la go tlwaetsa bašwa mo ditsong tse di farologaneng tsa setso tsa Aforika.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 15. December 1988. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Go sa le jalo, kamogelo ya tiro ya puso ya bosetšhaba ya go tshegetsa ditshwanelo tsa batho e ne ya tlhagisiwa ke kokoano ya bosetšhaba - kwa kamogelong baemedi le konokono ya bodipolomate go tswa kwa mafatsheng a le mmalwa le UN. Moemedi wa lekgotla la Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng o ne a laletsa Ba-Baha’i le bone gore ba tshegetse mmogo go keteka Letsatsi la Lekgotla la Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng la ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi. Go ne ga tshwarwa khonferense ya boditšhabatšhaba ya banana ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe e kwa go yone batho ba le lekgolo le masome a mabedi go tswa kwa mafatsheng a le lesome le boraro ba neng ba le teng.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (706): 14. February 1990. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Ka Sedimonthole basha ba ba tswang kwa Transkei ba ne ba le gareng ga dikhwaere tse di neng tsa diragatsa kwa Moletlong wa Boditšhabatšhaba wa Mmino wa Baháʼí kwa Botswana.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304001842/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=12&page=714 Baháʼí choir from..."] ''Baháʼí News'' (706): 16. March 1990. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Ka dingwaga tsa 1994–95, dikampa tsa banana di ne di ratwa thata mo Botswana kwa morafe o neng wa tshwara kampa ya ntlha ya banana mo lefatsheng. Ka beke e le nngwe, basha ba ne ba kokoana kwa Setheong sa Baháʼí kwa Mahalapye mme ba ithuta botshelo jwa ga Baháʼu’lláh, Kitab-i-Aqdas, le dithuto tsa bodumedi tse di jaaka boitsheko le lenyalo, le go sa sweng ga moya.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081205190222/http://info.bahai.org/article-1-9-2-8.html Baháʼí Youth: "A New Kind of People"".] Baháʼí International Community. 2013. Archived from [http://info.bahai.org/article-1-9-2-8.html the original] on 2008-12-05. Retrieved 2013-07-12.</ref>"Ke Mang yo o Kwalang Isagwe? Seminara ka ga Dikgang tsa Ngwagakgolo wa bo masome a mabedi le bongwe" ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi e e neng e tshwaretswe kwa khamphaseng ya Yunibesithi ya Botswana.<ref>[[Invitation and Program". Association for Baháʼí Studies in Southern Africa. March 2, 2000. Archived from the original on November 6, 2003.|Invitation and Program"]]. Association for Baháʼí Studies in Southern Africa. March 2, 2000. Archived from the original on November 6, 2003.</ref> Maiteko a a anameng Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe Tautona wa nako eo wa Botswana Festus Mogae o ne a akgola go gatisiwa ga dibuka tsa Baháʼí ka puo ya Setswana ya lefatshe.<ref>[http://news.bahai.org/story/130 President of Botswana praises publication of Baháʼí books in native Setswana language".] ''Baháʼí World News Service''. Baháʼí International Community. 27 February 2001. Retrieved July 12, 2013.</ref>E nngwe e ne e le buka ya dithapelo tsa Baháʼí mo kgatisong ya yone ya boraro e e nang le thanolo e e tlhabolotsweng mme e nngwe e ne e le Mafoko a a Fitlhegileng a ga Baháʼu'lláh (e e gatisitsweng jaaka "Mafoko a Subhied a ga Baháʼu'lláh".) Buka ya dithapelo<ref name=":7" />e ka bonwa mo inthaneteng mahala. Tona ya pusoselegae ya Botswana, Margaret Nasha, o ne a akgola ditiro tsa morafe fa a ne a bua ka jubile ya one ya gauta e e neng e tshwerwe ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone.<ref name=":1" /> Baháʼí ba ba tswang kwa Botswana ba ne ba le gareng ga batho ba le sekete ba ba neng ba kokoane kwa khonferenseng ya kgaolo e e neng e biditswe ke Ntlo ya Bosiamisi ya Lefatshe Lotlhe e e neng e tla tshwarelwa kwa Johannesburg, Aforika Borwa, ka kgwedi ya Ngwanaitseele ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi.<ref>[[:en:Baháʼí_International_Community|Bahá í International Community]] (2008-11-23). "[https://news.bahai.org/community-news/regional-conferences/johannesburg.html The Johannesburg Regional Conference".] ''Baháʼí International News Service''.</ref> == Batho ka Bongwe ka Bongwe == Robert Sylvester o goletse mo Mokatoliking kwa Amerika mme a sokologela mo bodumeding joo ka dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa.[56] Ene le mosadi wa gagwe ba ne ba fudugela kwa Zambia moragonyana mo dingwageng tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa9, <ref>Warren Odess-Gillett (July 21, 2008). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20241213043042/http://www.bahaipodcast.com/archives.asp?pYrID=2008 Robert Sylvester".] ''A Baha'i Perspective''. Season 2008. Valley Free Radio.</ref>koo a neng a bereka gone kwa sekolong sengwe mme a direla mo setšhabeng sa Baháʼí koo. Morago ba fudugela kwa Botswana. O ne a tla direla jaaka Mogokgo (Mokhuduthamaga) wa Sekolo sa Boditšhabatšhaba sa Westwood kwa Gaborone, Botswana go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi. Mo go yone nako eo o ne a direla gape mo ditheong dingwe tsa bodumedi-a tlhomilwe kwa Setheong sa Katiso sa Leruri sa Baháʼaí kwa Botswana mo botong ya sone ya bakaedi ba nako e e fetileng (109) Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Baháʼí ba Botswana (1999-2000) mme morago ga moo ba boela kwa United States.<ref>Sylvester Robert F. "[https://webhost.bridgew.edu/rsylvester/bahai.rtf Vita of Robert F. Sylvester".]</ref> Shahin Lockman le monna wa gagwe ba ne ba dira diphatlhatiro di le mmalwa tsa kalafi go akaretsa le kwa Botswana.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150107061113/http://www.aids.harvard.edu/news/spotlight/archives/v7i3_shapiro_lockman_profile.html Drs. Roger Shapiro and Shahin Lockman - Partners in Research & Parenting"]. ''News & Publications, Spotlight newsletter''. HAI - Harvard School of Public Health AIDS Initiative. Fall 2010. Archived from [http://www.aids.harvard.edu/news/spotlight/archives/v7i3_shapiro_lockman_profile.html the original] on 2015-01-07. Retrieved 2013-07-12.</ref>Lockman o ne a dira ka bolwetse jwa thiibi mo Botswana. Fa a ne a etetse koo lekgetlo la ntlha ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borataro , o ne a gapa tlhokomelo ya bolwetse jo bongwe: HIV/AIDS. Bobedi jwa bone ba ne ba feleletsa ba dirile mo tekong ya ntlha ya kalafi ya tirisanommogo ya Setheo sa AIDS sa Botswana le Harvard ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi. Sean Hinton, leloko la Foramo ya Tiro ya Baeteledipele ya Setheo sa Aspen, o ne a dira jaaka motshegetsi le motlhotlheletsi wa porojeke ya go tsibosa batho ka HIV/AIDS e e bidiwang Letsema la Itlotlo (e e akanyeditsweng ke matsalaagwe Gerald le Lally Warren) go rotloetsa phetogo mo maitsholong a a dirang gore go anamisiwe HIV/AIDS ya setso mo Botswana . ditekanyetso tse di amanang le tumelo ya bodumedi jaaka maatla a phetogo ya maikutlo.<ref>[http://www.aspenleadersactionforum.org/user/149 About Sean Hinton"]. ''Action Forum Participants''. The Aspen Institute. August 1, 2013</ref>Go ne ga amogelwa dithuso tse pedi tsa go simolola go tswa kwa De Beers Botswana le go tswa kwa Ofising ya Tlhabololo ya Loago le Ikonomi ya Setšhaba sa Boditšhabatšhaba sa Baháʼí. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe Lucretia Warren, modulasetulo wa Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Baháʼí ba Botswana le leloko la nako e e fetileng la Boto ya Bagakolodi ba Kontinente ya Baháʼí ya Aforika,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130511195110/http://www.bahai.org.au/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=FmRQn-twNOk%3d&tabid=156 International Baháʼís to address Parliament"]. ''Australian Baháʼí Report''. '''13''' (3): 1–2. October 2009. Archived from [http://www.bahai.org.au/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=FmRQn-twNOk%3D&tabid=156 the original] on May 11, 2013. Retrieved July 12, 2013</ref> o ne a tlhagisa kwa Palamenteng ya gagwe ya boraro<ref>Khosravi Beman (1 August 2004). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20250912224806/https://bahaicouncil-ni.org.uk/comm/96/pwr.htm Parliament of the World's Religions"]. ''CommuNIqué'' (96). Retrieved July 12, 2013.</ref>ya Madumedi a Lefatshe e e neng e tshwerwe kwa Melbourne le phanele ya " ya Aforika".<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130511195057/http://www.bahai.org.au/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=zdnOesmjNQE%3d&tabid=156 Baháʼís contribute to inter-faith Parliament".] ''Australian Baháʼí Report''. '''14''' (1): 4–5. February 2010. Archived from the original on May 11, 2013. Retrieved July 12, 2013.</ref> Dipalopalo Mokgatlho wa Diakhaefe tsa Tshedimosetso ya Bodumedi (o o ikaegileng thata ka Saetlopedia ya Lefatshe Lotlhe ya Bokeresete) o ne wa fopholetsa gore go na le Baháʼí ba ka nna 16 500 ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210302132059/https://www.thearda.com/QL2010/QuickList_40.asp QuickLists: Most Baha'i (sic) Nations (2010)".] ''[[:en:Association_of_Religion_Data_Archives|Association of Religion]] Data Archives''. 2010. Archived from [https://www.thearda.com/QL2010/QuickList_40.asp the original] on 2021-03-02. Retrieved 2020-10-14.</ref>Le fa go ntse jalo palo ya batho ya bosetšhaba ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe e bala Baháʼí ba ka nna makgolo a supa.<ref name=":6" />Maloko a morafe mongwe le mongwe a fopholetsa gore dipalo tseno di ne di nyatsa dipalo tsa bone ka go farologana.<ref name=":6" /> == Metswedi == m3zski7glts1lllowbxhhc9z8egx78h 0 14807 54454 53970 2026-09-05T13:19:02Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 54454 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Wedu Reneilwe Batlokwa''' (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e thola bongwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bosupa (1997) ke motshameki wa kgwele ya dinao wa Motswana yo o tshamekang jaaka motshameki wa mo gare wa Bowers & Pitsea. == Botshelo jwa pele le jwa botho == Batlokwa o ne a tsena sekolo sa Gable Hall. <ref name=":0">[https://www.southendunited.co.uk/news/2019/may/southend-announce-retained-list/ Southend United Announce Retained List]". southendunited.co.uk</ref>Go tloga ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2018 )o ne a bua dipuo di le tharo ka thelelo mme a ithuta ya bone. <ref name=":0" /> == Tiro ya go tshameka == Batlokwa o simolotse tiro ya gagwe le Thurrock, a ikgolaganya le Southend United a le dingwaga di le lesome le bone .<ref>[http://nonleague.pitchero.com/headlines/bostik-league-clubs-busy-ahead-deadline/ Bostik League Clubs Busy Ahead Of Deadline".] Pitchero. 3 April 2018. Retrieved 29 October 2018</ref><ref>Chris Wise (5 April 2018). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20181029153705/http://www.edp24.co.uk/sport/lowestoft-town/lowestoft-town-football-1-5465373 Lowestoft Town boss delighted on have on-loan midfielder Batlokwa on board".] Eastern Daily Press. Archived from the original on 29 October 2018. Retrieved 29 October 2018.</ref>O ne a ya go adima kwa Lowestoft Town ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi ( 2018).O ne a tshameka le setlhopha sa ntlha sa Southend ka nako ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2018) go ya ko ngwageng wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019) pre-season,<ref>Chris Phillips (17 July 2018). [https://www.echo-news.co.uk/sport/16358680.southend-united-midfielder-renei-batlokwa-sets-his-sights-on-first-team-debut/ "Southend United midfielder Renei Batlokwa sets his sights on first team debut".] Basildon Canvey Southend Echo. Retrieved 29 October 2018</ref>a dira tshimologo ya gagwe ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e thola bone ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi (2018). <ref>[https://www.soccerbase.com/players/player.sd?player_id=106465&season_id=151 Games played by Renei Batlokwa in 2018/2019"]. ''Soccerbase''. Centurycomm. Retrieved 29 October 2018.</ref><ref>Chris Phillips (5 September 2018). "[https://www.echo-news.co.uk/sport/16690987.renei-batlokwas-joy-at-making-southend-united-debut/ Renei Batlokwa's joy at making Southend United debut".] Basildon Canvey Southend Echo. Retrieved 29 October 2018.</ref> O ne a gololwa ke Southend kwa bokhutlong jwa setlha sa 2018-19.<ref>[https://www.southendunited.co.uk/news/2019/may/southend-announce-retained-list/ "Southend United Announce Retained List]". southendunited.co.uk</ref> Batlokwa o ne a ikgolaganya le Brentwood Town kwa bokhutlong jwa kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019).<ref name=":0" />O ne a tshamekela setlhopha seo go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi (2020),<ref>[https://www.brentwoodtownfc.co.uk/players/a893/reneil-batlokwa <nowiki>Profile at Brentwood Town's website[dead link]</nowiki>]. brentwoodtownfc.co.uk</ref> fa a ne a ya go nna leloko la Canvey Island. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200313083727/https://www.betvictoristhmian.co.uk/canvey-swoop-for-brentwood-midfielder-61455 Canvey Swoop For Brentwood Midfielder] Archived 13 March 2020 at the Wayback Machine. betvictoristhmian.co.uk. 7 March 2020</ref>O ne a gololwa ka selemo sa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi (2020).<ref>[https://allafrica.com/stories/202010160185.html Botswana: Zebras Prepare for AFCON]. allafrica.com. 15 October 2020.</ref> Ka nako ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi (2022) go ya ko ngwageng wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro (2023), Batlokwa o ne a nna le nako e khutshwane le Concord Rangers, le fa go ntse jalo ga a ka a tshamekela setlhopha seo. <ref>[https://int.soccerway.com/players/-/494247/ Renei Batlokwa] at Soccerway</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro (2023),morago ga nako ya gagwe kwa Concord Rangers, Batlokwa o ne a fetsa nako a le mo tshekong kwa setlhopheng sa Slovak sa Tatran Liptovský Mikuláš.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20251208223846/https://www.regionalnespravy.sk/mfk-zemplin-na-uvod-pripravy-si-zmeral-sily-s-liptovskym-mikulasom/ "MFK Zemplín na úvod prípravy si zmeral sily s Liptovským Mikulášom]" (in Slovak). Regionálne správy. 11 January 2023. Retrieved 4 August 2024.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e thola bongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro (2023), Batlokwa o ne a saena tumalano le NIFL Premiership side Loughgall<ref>[https://www.belfastlive.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/irish-league-transfers-five-most-27640443 "Irish League transfers - five of the most intriguing deadline day moves]". BelfastLive. 2 September 2023. Retrieved 4 August 2024.</ref>. Pele ga nako ya 2024 League of Ireland First Division, morago ga go tshameka makgetlho a mabedi mo Northern Ireland Football League Cup kwa Loughgall, Batlokwa o ne a saena le Athlone Town.<ref>[https://athlonetownafc.ie/match-report-athlone-town-afc-3-3-longford-town-fc/ Match Report: Athlone Town AFC 3-3 Longford Town FC"]. Athlone Town F.C. 23 March 2024. Retrieved 4 August 2024</ref> Pele ga setlha sa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024) go ya ko ngwageng wa dikete tse pedi le masome mabedi le botlhano(2025), Batlokwa o ne a boela kwa Engelane, a saena le setlhopha sa Isthmian League North Division Maldon & Tiptree. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20260731033858/http://www.fwp.co/maldon-and-tiptree/appearances/renei-batlokwa/972399 Maldon & Tiptree – Appearances – Renei Batlokwa]". Football Web Pages. Retrieved 18 November 2024.</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025), Batlokwa o ne a saena tumalano le Bowers & Pitsea.<ref>[https://www.footballwebpages.co.uk/bowers-and-pitsea/appearances/renei-batlokwa/985214 Bowers & Pitsea – Appearances – Renei Batlokwa".] Football Web Pages. Retrieved 30 April 2025.</ref> == Metswedi == jn2shwm2wevg4g91z7dpxjqcl0fwd5c 0 14936 54460 54434 2026-09-05T15:00:47Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 5 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 54460 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thenjiwe''' Moseley yo o tshotsweng e le Thenjiwe Maphumulo, ka 29 Lwetse 1977 ke motshameki wa metlae wa mo Aforika Borwa, motshameki wa difilimi, moeteledipele wa meletlo le mmakgwebo yo o tswang kwa KwaMashu, Durban. Mo tirong ya gagwe, o itsiwe fela e le Thenjiwe. O tlhodile le go tshameka mo go Judge Thenjiwe Khambule le Meet the Khambules tse di neng di gasiwa mo Moja Love. Ke moemedi wa Southern Africa Embrace Foundation, Toronto le Great Impact, Durban. Gape ke mmopi wa diteng tsa YouTube e bile ke motho yo o nang le tlhotlheletso, o itsege thata ka ditshwantsho tsa gagwe tse a di romelang mo metsweding ya dikgang. == Tsa Botshelo le Thuto == Thenjiwe o belegwe ka 29 Lwetse 1977 ka nako ya tlhaolele go tswa mo batsading ba baswa, Thenene Sipho Langa le Nonhlanhla Viera Maphumulo. O godiseditswe kwa Kwamashu, G Section, KwaZulu-Natal ke rremogoloagwe e bong Joshua Bhekokwakhe Maphumulo, yo e leng molweladiphetogo wa sepolotiki, le Agnes Ntombizodwa Maphumulo, yo e leng modiri wa ntlo le moroki. Ka ntlha ya tlhakatlhakano ya sepolotiki mo nageng le go nna le seabe gwa rraagwemogolo mo kgaratlhong eno, Thenjiwe o ne a nna a tswa mo sekolong se sengwe a ya go se sengwe. O weditse thuto ya gagwe ya sekontari kwa sekolong se segolo sa Northmead mme morago a tsenela Natal Technical College (Natal Teknikon) eo jaanong e leng Durban University of Technology koo a ileng a aloga mo go tsa Botaki ka 1998. Morago ga go aloga, o ne a leta ka lefela go bona ditshono tsa go dira tiro ya gagwe ka gonne o ne a sa kgone go duelela moemedi kgotsa go ya go nna kwa Johannesburg mme ka jalo, ka 2001, o ne a ya kwa US, kwa a neng a nna dingwaga di le pedi teng, a dira jaaka mosala le bana kwa lapeng, fa a ntse a ithutela Business Management kwa Montgomery County Community College kwa Pennsylvania. Moragonyana o ne a fudugela kwa United Kingdom, a nna teng dingwaga di le 12, ka nako eo a ithutela molao, a aloga pele kwa Yunibesithing ya London ka Dipoloma ya Molao ka 2006 mme morago ga moo a bona Bachelor of Laws kwa London Metropolitan University ka 2009. == Tiro == === Mmueledi === Morago ga go aloga kwa Sekolong sa Molao, Thenjiwe o ne a dira jaaka mmueledi wa tsa bofaladi go tloga ka 2010 go fitlha ka 2015. === Modira metlae === ==== 2013-2020 ==== E ne e le fa ene le badirimmogo ba gagwe ba sena go nna le letsatsi le le monate kwa kgotlatshekelo ka 2013, fa ba ne ba ya go keteka mo ntlong ya bojalwa e e neng e tshwere moletlo wa metlae. O ne a leka go dira jalo mme o ne a dira metsotso e le metlhano mo seraleng mme o ne a lemogiwa ke mongwe yo o neng a batla batho ba ba ka kgonang go dira tiro e e rileng. Moragonyana o ne a tlogela tiro ya gagwe ka Ngwanatsele wa 2015 go tlhoma mogopolo mo tirong ya gagwe ya go dira metlae. O ne a nna le dipina mo ditlelapeng di le mmalwa. Tiragalo ya gagwe ya ntlha e ne e le kwa Wokingham Theatre. Ka 2013, o ne a gaisana mo Funny Woman Awards kwa United Kingdom, mme seno se ne sa dira gore Celeste Ntuli a mo lemoge mme a mo laletsa go nna moanelwamogolo wa one-woman show ya gagwe, Myself. Se se ne sa bula dikgoro tsa ditshono tse dintsi tsa go dira mo Afrika Borwa. Mme nako ya metsotso e le metlhano e a neng a e fiwa e ne e sa mo thuse ka madi gore a kgone go fofa gangwe le gape go tswa kwa United Kingdom. Morago ga go se tlotlwe jaaka mosadi wa setswerere sa metlae, Thenjiwe o ne a swetsa go dirisa metswedi ya dikgang go rotloetsa diteng tsa gagwe.<templatestyles src="Template:Quote_box/styles.css" /> {{-}}Ka Tlhakole 2015, o ne a tsenela YouTube, morago ga moo a romela dibidio tsa metlae tse di neng tsa dira gore a tume. Magareng ga 2015 le 2016, o ne a tlhagelela jaaka moeng wa setshego mo setlheng sa bongwe sa Bantu Hour mo SABC 2. Ka 2016, mmogo le Celeste Ntuli, Tumi Morake, Noko Moswete, Nina Hastie le Tracey-Lee Oliver, o ne a tshameka mo motshamekong wa metlae wa basadi Bitches Be Back Ka Mopitlwe 2018, o ne a tshameka kwa Magners International Comedy Festival kwa Thailand, Vietnam le The Philippines. Ka kgwedi ya Phato, o ne a etelela pele moletlo kwa Eswatini o o bidiwang Laugh Goes On[2] mme ka Sedimonthole, o ne a tshameka kwa 4th Annual Durban Comedy Festival kwa Afrika Borwa. Ka Motsheganong 2019, Thenjiwe, Mark Banks, Alfred Adriaan le Eugene Khozawas e ne e le karolo ya South African All Star Tour kwa Sydney le Perth, Australia. Moragonyana mo go yona kgwedi eo o ne a tshameka kwa Combo Comedy Show Fest kwa Carnival City.[ Ka June, o ne a dira kwa Eswatini Must Laugh comedy show kwa Eswatini. Ka Phatwe, o ne a tshameka kwa The Kings and Queens of Comedy: Women's Day Edition. ==== 20121- le ga jaana ==== Ka Moranang 2023, Thenjiwe o ne a fenya King Gong Comedy kwa The Comedy Store (London) mme ka Motsheganong, o ne a fenya The Black Out kwa Up the Creek (mokgatlho wa metlae). Ka Phatwe 2023, o ne a simolola kwa Edinburgh Festival Fringe ka setshego sa gagwe se se kgethegileng The Mandela Effect. Ka Mopitlwe 2024, o ne a tlhagisiwa ke YouTube jaaka mongwe wa bagakolodi ba lenaneo la #WomenofYouTube 2024, le le ikaeletseng go tshegetsa basadi ba ba tlhamang mo Amerika Bokone le mo Sub-Saharan Africa. Maiteko ano a ne a begiwa ke metswedi e le mmalwa ya dikgang, go akaretsa le Social Media Today [2] le Thred [3], e e neng e bua thata ka maiteko a YouTube a go rotloetsa gore basadi ba emelwe mo seraleng sa yone. Thenjiwe o ne a emela Afrika Borwa kwa World Comedy Clash, e e neng e tshwaretswe kwa Hackney Empire kwa London ka Motsheganong 2025, kwa a neng a tsenela setlhopha sa boditšhabatšhaba sa bomotlae go tswa kwa dinageng di le 11. Thenjiwe o ne a boela kwa motseng wa gaabo wa Durban ka Phukwi 2025 go ya go tshameka moletlo wa bosigo bo le bongwe o o bidiwang Thenjiwe Unplugged kwa Playhouse Theatre, a supa fa e le "go boela gae" le go tlhomamisa kamano ya gagwe le babogedi ba Afrika Borwa. Morago ga moo o ne a tsaya loeto lwa Thenjiwe Unplugged go ya kwa Eswatini, kwa a neng a tshameka kwa Eswatini Theatre Club kwa Mbabane ka Diphalane 2025, tiragalo e e tlhalosiwang jaaka "go kopana gape go go tswang mo pelong" e e solofeditseng go "tlogela babogedi ba le mo diphatleng". Pontsho e ne e na le tirisanommogo le bataki ba selegae ba ba jaaka Sandile M, Thando le Mdura, mme e ne ya akgolelwa go tswakanya metlae le dikakgelo tsa loago, go ikaegile ka maitemogelo a Thenjiwe a go nna kwa moseja, go godisiwa ga gagwe mo Afrika Borwa, le ditlhogo tsa maatla a lelapa, dikgoreletsi tsa puo le setso. Fa a boa morago ga loeto lwa gagwe lwa Mandela Effect lo lo tumileng lefatshe ka bophara le loeto lwa gagwe lwa Edinburgh Fringe lo lo neng lwa rekisiwa, o ne a bua ka tsela e e tseneletseng, a bua ka maitemogelo a a tshwanang, go akaretsa le dikgwetlho tsa leroborobo la COVID-19. Leeto la gagwe la boditšhabatšhaba le ne la tswelela kwa London ka 1 Ngwanatsele le kwa Dublin ka 2 Ngwanatsele 2025, pele a konela kwa Sed Laugh Festival kwa Lusaka, Zambia, ka 28 Ngwanatsele. Moletlo o o neng o rulagantswe ke Night of Laughter, o ne o rulaganyeditswe go tshwarelwa kwa Mulungushi International Conference Centre mme o ne o na le batshameki ba bantle ba metlae ba Maaforika. ==== metlae e e kgethegileng ==== * 2015 - ''Laughter is the Best Medicine''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Govindasamy |first=Valencia |date=13 October 2015 |title=Comedy gets a shot in the arm as Thenjiwe's solo show, 'Laughter is the Best Medicine', hits the stage |url=https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/daily-news-south-africa/20151013/282260959298081 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191210172912/https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/daily-news-south-africa/20151013/282260959298081 |archive-date=December 10, 2019 |access-date=2023-05-13 |lang=en |via=[[PressReader]]}}</ref> * 2016 - ''Born again African''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Thenjiwe: Born again African |url=https://allevents.in/durban/thenjiwe-born-again-african/329639687371619 |access-date=2019-12-10 |website=allevents.in |language=en}}</ref> * 2017 - ''Hurricane Thenjiwe''<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=29 August 2017 |title=Expect a blast with 'Hurricane Thenjiwe' |url=https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/the-herald-south-africa/20170829/281968902819879 |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2019-12-10 |via=PressReader}}</ref> * 2018 - ''From KwaMashu to the World'' * 2018 - ''Wrong Role Model''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Thenjiwe Wrong Role Model |url=https://www.https/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |archive-date=2013-08-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130819141428/http://https/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> * 2019 - ''Thenjiwe Live in London'' * 2023 - ''The Mandela Effect'' <ref name=":14">{{Cite web |title=Thenjiwe - The Mandela Effect |url=https://www.comedy.co.uk/fringe/2023/thenjiwe.html |access-date=16 August 2023 |website=British Comedy Guide}}</ref> === Go dira === Thenjiwe o ne a simolola go tshameka jaaka Doris mo The Road ka 2015 Ka 2017, Thenjiwe o ne a tshameka mo seraleng sa thelebišene, The Harvest, jaaka Zodwa. Mo go one ngwaga oo, o ne a tshameka mo difiliming tse pedi tsa Nollywood; 10 Days in Sun City ka Seetebosigo le The Accidental Spy ka Sedimonthole. Ka 2018, o ne a tshameka jaaka Thenjiwe, Mthandazi Mvelase, moperofeti wa mosadi yo o neng a sa bereke mo Imbewu. Ka ngwaga wa 2019, o ne a tshameka mo filiming ya Afrika Borwa, Uncovered. === Moamogedi === Thenjiwe e ne e le mokhanselara wa African Union kwa Belgium le Lefapha la Kgwebo le Madirelo kwa Pretoria. Ka 2016, o ne a le motlhalosi mo lenaneong la 10 over 10 mo Vuzu. Thenjiwe o nyetse John William Moseley ka 5 Moranang 2004. Mmogo, ba na le ngwana wa mosimane, Jack Unathi Moseley, yo o belegweng ka 22 Motsheganong 2005 kwa Woking England. O nna le ba lelapa la gagwe kwa Woking, Surrey mme gantsi o etela kwa Afrika Borwa le kwa mafelong a mangwe go ya go tshameka. Thenjiwe ke moemedi wa Goodwill wa Southern Africa Embrace Foundation, Toronto le Great Impact, Durban. Thenjiwe ke mokeresete. == Filimi == === Difilimi === {| class="wikitable" !Ngwaga ! Filimi ! Semelo ! Dintlha ! Nopolo |- | 2014 | ''Moengele'' | Veronika | | style="text-align:center;" | <ref>{{Citation|title=Angel|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt3626616/|access-date=2019-11-26}}</ref> |- | 2014 | ''Liputsa Lami'' | Go tswa foo | | style="text-align:center;" | <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Thenjiwe Moseley Top Secret Comedy Club Covent Garden London |url=https://thetopsecretcomedyclub.co.uk/comedians/thenjiwe-moseley/ |access-date=2019-11-27 |website=Top Secret Comedy Club |language=en}}</ref> |- | 2014 | ''Malepa a Lelapa'' | Go tswa foo | | style="text-align:center;" | <ref name=":1" /> |- | 2015 | ''Brazzaville kwa Johaneseburg'' | Go tswa foo | | style="text-align:center;" | <ref name=":1" /> |- | 2017 | ''Setlhodi sa phoso'' | Go tswa foo | | style="text-align:center;" | <ref>{{Citation|title=The Accidental Spy (2017) - IMDb|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt6921426/fullcredits|access-date=2019-11-26}}</ref> |- | 2017 | ''Malatsi a le 10 kwa Sun City'' | Go tswa foo | | style="text-align:center;" | <ref name=":8">{{Cite web |title=Pictures from the set of Ay Makun's 10 Days in Sun City {{!}} Nolly Silver Screen |url=http://nollysilverscreen.com/2017/02/17/pictures-from-the-set-of-ay-makuns-10-days-in-sun-city/ |access-date=2019-12-15 |language=en-US |archive-date=2025-03-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250324023055/https://nollysilverscreen.com/2017/02/17/pictures-from-the-set-of-ay-makuns-10-days-in-sun-city/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | 2019 | E sa khurumediwa | Wewe yono | | style="text-align:center;" | <ref name=":11">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=12 August 2019 |title=GRIPPING LOCAL THRILLER UNCOVERED COMES TO STER-KINEKOR THIS AUGUST |url=https://www.sterkinekor.com/news/detail/3625 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241127085322/https://www.sterkinekor.com/news/detail/3625 |archive-date=2024-11-27 |access-date=2019-12-18 |website=Ster-Kinekor |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Mabaso |first=Nanu |date=2018-10-12 |title=Film Culture in KZN gets a Boost |url=http://afropolitanexplosiv.co.za/2018/10/12/kznfilm/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191218044826/http://afropolitanexplosiv.co.za/2018/10/12/kznfilm/ |archive-date=2019-12-18 |access-date=2019-12-18 |website=Afropolitan Explosiv |language=en-US |url-status=dead }}</ref> |} === Thelevishene === {| class="wikitable" !Year !Show !Character !Network !Notes !Citation |- |2015-2016 |''The Bantu Hour'' |Guest Comedian |SABC 2 |Season 1 | style="text-align:center;" |<ref name=":9">{{Cite web |title=The Bantu Hour {{!}} Season 1 {{!}} TVSA |url=https://www.tvsa.co.za/shows/viewshowseasons.aspx?showId=3329&season=1 |access-date=2019-11-27 |website=www.tvsa.co.za}}</ref> |- |2016 |''The Road'' |Doris |Mzansi Magic |Season 1 | style="text-align:center;" |<ref name=":10">{{Cite web |title=The Road {{!}} Season 1 {{!}} TVSA |url=https://www.tvsa.co.za/shows/viewshowseasons.aspx?showId=3285&season=1 |access-date=2019-11-27 |website=www.tvsa.co.za}}</ref> |- |2016 |''10 Over 10'' |Commentator - Herself |Vuzu, Mzansi Magic |Season 4 | style="text-align:center;" |<ref name=":13">{{Cite web |title=10 Over 10 {{!}} Season 4 {{!}} TVSA |url=https://www.tvsa.co.za/shows/viewshowseasons.aspx?showId=2043&season=4 |access-date=2019-11-27 |website=www.tvsa.co.za}}</ref> |- |2017 |''Harvest'' |Zodwa |E.tv |Her first appearance was in Season 1, Episode 2 | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Harvest {{!}} Season 1 {{!}} TVSA |url=https://www.tvsa.co.za/shows/viewshowseasons.aspx?showId=5485&season=1 |access-date=2019-11-27 |website=www.tvsa.co.za}}</ref> |- |2017 |''#Karektas'' |Celebrity Guest |SABC2 |Season 1 Episode 4 | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=#Karektas {{!}} Season 1 {{!}} TVSA |url=https://www.tvsa.co.za/shows/viewshowseasons.aspx?showId=5490&season=1 |access-date=2019-12-18 |website=www.tvsa.co.za}}</ref> |- |2018 |''Meet the Khambules'' |Mrs. Khambule |Moja Love |Season 1 | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Meet the Khambules {{!}} Season 1 {{!}} TVSA |url=https://www.tvsa.co.za/shows/viewshowseasons.aspx?showId=5549&season=1 |access-date=2019-11-27 |website=www.tvsa.co.za}}</ref> |- |2018-2019 |''Imbewu: The Seed'' |Mthandazi |E.tv |Seasons 1 & 2 | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Imbewu: The Seed {{!}} Season 1 {{!}} TVSA |url=https://www.tvsa.co.za/shows/viewshowseasons.aspx?showId=5541&season=1 |access-date=2019-11-27 |website=www.tvsa.co.za}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Imbewu: The Seed {{!}} Season 2 {{!}} TVSA |url=https://www.tvsa.co.za/shows/viewshowseasons.aspx?showId=5541&season=2 |access-date=2019-11-27 |website=www.tvsa.co.za}}</ref> |- |2018-2019 |''Judge Thenjiwe Khambule'' |Judge Khambule |Moja Love |Seasons 1, 2 & 3 | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Judge Thenjiwe Khambule {{!}} Season 1 {{!}} TVSA |url=https://www.tvsa.co.za/shows/viewshowseasons.aspx?showId=5533&season=1 |access-date=2019-11-27 |website=www.tvsa.co.za}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Judge Thenjiwe Khambule {{!}} Season 2 {{!}} TVSA |url=https://www.tvsa.co.za/shows/viewshowseasons.aspx?showId=5533&season=2 |access-date=2019-11-27 |website=www.tvsa.co.za}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Judge Thenjiwe Khambule {{!}} Season 3 {{!}} TVSA |url=https://www.tvsa.co.za/shows/viewshowseasons.aspx?showId=5533&season=3 |access-date=2019-11-27 |website=www.tvsa.co.za}}</ref> |} == Dikgele == {| class="wikitable" !Ngwaga ! Kabelo ! Setlhopha ! Botso |- | 2013 | Diawate tsa Basadi ba ba Tshegisang | | Mofenyi wa makgaolakgang <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2013-09-16 |title=Funny Women Awards 2013 Finalist - Tevashnee |url=https://funnywomen.com/2013/09/16/funny-women-awards-2013-finalist-tevashnee/ |access-date=2019-12-11 |website=Funny Women |language=en-GB |archive-date=2024-11-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241114210226/https://funnywomen.com/2013/09/16/funny-women-awards-2013-finalist-tevashnee/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | 2014 | Tlhopho ya Dikhomiki | Awate ya Tlhopho ya Bareetsi | {{nominated}} |- | 2017 | Diawate tsa Kgwebo tsa Diphelelo Tse Dikgolo | Motlaetsi wa Ngwaga | {{won}} |- | 2018 | Diawate tsa Simon Sabela | Modiragatsi yo Mosha yo o Gaisang wa TV || {{nominated}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/movies/simon-sabela-film-and-television-awards-2018-nominees-announced-15610159|title=Simon Sabela Film and Television Awards 2018 nominees announced {{!}} IOL Entertainment|last=Alyssia|first=Birjalal|date=21 June 2018|website=www.iol.co.za|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-12-18}}</ref> |- | 2018 | Diawate tsa Tlhopho ya Dikhomiki tsa Savanna | Awate ya Pene ya Dikhomiki | {{nominated}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bizcommunity.com/Article/196/477/179375.html|title=2018 Savanna Comics' Choice Awards nominees announced|website=www.bizcommunity.com|language=en|access-date=2019-12-15}}</ref> |- | 2018 | Batlhami ba Difilimi ba ba Tlhagelelang ba Aforika | Modiragatsi yo o Gaisang | {{won}} |- | 2018 | Batlhami ba Difilimi ba ba Tlhagelelang ba Aforika | Mokwadi yo o Gaisang wa Dikgang tsa Ntlhantlha | {{won}} |- | 2018 | Diawate tsa Simon Sabela | Motlhagisi yo o Gaisang | {{won}} |- | 2018 | Diawate tsa Simon Sabela | Mokwadi yo o Gaisang| {{won}} |} == Metswedi == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Karolo:Articles with hCards]] [[Karolo:Thenjiwe]] [[Karolo:South african ac]] jzcqt97wqjhhqgxfhtypyilug4zf1dz 0 14947 54453 2026-09-05T12:07:30Z Cruiselady 12522 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1367166125|Rabbit]]" 54453 wikitext text/x-wiki Mebutla e dirisitswe ke batho jaaka leruo go tloga bonnye ngwagakgolo wa go simolola BC kwa Roma wa segologolo, ba e godisa ka ntlha ya nama ya yona, boboa le wulu. Mefuta e e farologaneng ya mmutla wa Yuropa e diretswe gore e tshwanele nngwe le nngwe ya dilwana tseno; katiso ya go godisa le go tsadisa mebutla jaaka leruo o itsege jaaka thuo ya mebutla . Mebutla e bonwa mo setsong sa batho lefatshe ka bophara, e bonagala jaaka letshwao la go tsala, boferefere, le go tlhoka molato mo ditumelong tse dikgolo, botaki jwa hisitori le jwa segompieno. Ka gore lebelo le bofefo e le tsone diphemelo tse dikgolo tsa mmutla tebang le dibatana tse di jang ditshedi tse dingwe, mebutla e marapomagolo a leoto la kwa morago le mesifa e e godileng pila. Le fa e le plantigrade fa e repa, mebutla e mo menwaneng ya yona fa e taboga, e tsaya gore e eme ka digitigrade tota. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hall |first=Patrick |last2=Stubbs |first2=Caleb |last3=Anderson |first3=David E. |last4=Greenacre |first4=Cheryl |last5=Crouch |first5=Dustin L. |date=2022-06-17 |title=Rabbit hindlimb kinematics and ground contact kinetics during the stance phase of gait |journal=PeerJ |language=en |volume=10 |doi=10.7717/peerj.13611 |pmc=9208372 |pmid=35734635 |doi-access=free |article-number=e13611}}</ref> Mebutla e dirisa dinala tsa yona tse di thata go epa le (mmogo le meno a yona) go itshireletsa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=d'Ovidio |first=Dario |last2=Pierantoni |first2=Ludovica |last3=Noviello |first3=Emilio |last4=Pirrone |first4=Federica |date=September 2016 |title=Sex differences in human-directed social behavior in pet rabbits |journal=[[Journal of Veterinary Behavior]] |volume=15 |pages=37–42 |doi=10.1016/j.jveb.2016.08.072}}</ref> Leoto lengwe le lengwe la kwa pele le nale menwana e le mene le lenala la monyo . Leoto lengwe le lengwe la kwa morago le na le menwana e mene (mme ga go na dewclaw). <ref name="van Praag">{{Cite web |last=van Praag |first=Esther |year=2005 |title=Deformed claws in a rabbit, after traumatic fractures |url=http://www.medirabbit.com/EN/Bone_diseases/Anomalies/Nail_kas_en.pdf |publisher=MediRabbit}}</ref> Mo go lateleganeng ga di-lagomorph, ditsebe di dirisiwa go senola le go itlhomosa dibatana tse di jang diphologolo tse dingwe . [ 63 ] Mo lelapeng la Leporidae, go tlwaetswe gore ditsebe di ditelele go feta bophara ba tsona, mme ka kakaretso di ditelele fa di bapisiwa le diamusi tse dingwe. <ref name="CapeHare">{{Cite book |last=Scandura |first=Massimo |date=2023 |title=Primates and Lagomorpha |last2=De Marinis |first2=Anna Maria |last3=Canu |first3=Antonio |isbn=978-3-030-34042-1 |series=Handbook of the Mammals of Europe |pages=79–98 |chapter=Cape Hare Lepus capensis Linnaeus, 1758 |doi=10.1007/978-3-030-34043-8_10}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book |last=Bertolino |first=Sandro |date=2023 |title=Primates and Lagomorpha |last2=Brown |first2=David E. |last3=Cerri |first3=Jacopo |last4=Koprowski |first4=John L. |isbn=978-3-030-34042-1 |series=Handbook of the Mammals of Europe |pages=67–78 |chapter=Eastern Cottontail Sylvilagus floridanus (J. A. Allen, 1890) |doi=10.1007/978-3-030-34043-8_14}}</ref> ij37na0hxm689wudbha0hulilydckdc 0 14948 54457 2026-09-05T13:57:06Z Skwelea 12487 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1371188605|Dance]]" 54457 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Go bina''' ke mofuta wa botaki, o o nang le tsela ya tatelano ya tsamaiso ya mmele e e nang le boleng ba botswerere mme gantsi e le jwa tshwantshetso, e ka tswang e le e e dirilweng kgotsa e e tlhophilweng ka boomo. Go bina go ka aroganngwa le go tlhalosiwa go ya ka thulaganyo ya one, go ya ka metsamao ya one kgotsa go ya ka paka ya one ya hisetori kgotsa lefelo le o tswang kwa go lone . Motantsho gantsi o dirwa ka mmino o o patiwang, mme ka dinako tse dingwe le motantshi a dirisa seletswa sa mmino ka nako e le nngwe . 3vm89cypjex72q3x2euqdmecmh4xpn9 0 14949 54466 2026-09-05T20:19:29Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 54466 wikitext text/x-wiki Diboko Tsa Mopane (Mopane Worms) Dijo Tsa Tlwaelo le Motswedi wa go Itshedisa mo Borwa Jwa Aforika. Seboko sa mopane ke nngwe ya ditshenekegi tse di jewang tse di itsegeng thata mo Aforika Borwa. Go sa kgathalesege leina la yone, tota ga se seboko mme ke monang wa moth wa mmusimogolo. E anngwa thata le ditlhare tsa mopane (Colophospermum mopane), tse matlhare a tsone e leng dijo tse di botlhokwa tsa diboko. Diboko tsa Mopane di kotulwa thata e bile di jewa kwa dinageng tse di akaretsang Aforika Borwa, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Namibia, Zambia, Mozambique le Angola. Mo merafeng e e farologaneng di na le maina a a farologaneng, go akaretsa phane, madora, amancimbi, masonja le mashonzha. kqbfdh8pqamsiasdnh564q3wm29lzwo 54467 54466 2026-09-05T20:20:29Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 54467 wikitext text/x-wiki === Diboko Tsa Mopane (Mopane Worms) === Dijo Tsa Tlwaelo le Motswedi wa go Itshedisa mo Borwa Jwa Aforika. Seboko sa mopane ke nngwe ya ditshenekegi tse di jewang tse di itsegeng thata mo Aforika Borwa. Go sa kgathalesege leina la yone, tota ga se seboko mme ke monang wa moth wa mmusimogolo. E anngwa thata le ditlhare tsa mopane (Colophospermum mopane), tse matlhare a tsone e leng dijo tse di botlhokwa tsa diboko. Diboko tsa Mopane di kotulwa thata e bile di jewa kwa dinageng tse di akaretsang Aforika Borwa, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Namibia, Zambia, Mozambique le Angola. Mo merafeng e e farologaneng di na le maina a a farologaneng, go akaretsa phane, madora, amancimbi, masonja le mashonzha. ==== Boleng jwa dikotla ==== Diboko tsa mopane di tsewa di le botlhokwa ka gonne di na le dikotla tse dintsi, segolobogolo diporoteine, mafura le diminerale. Dipatlisiso tse di dirilweng ka di-mopane caterpillar tse di dirilweng di bontshitse gore di na le diporoteine tse dintsi tse di sa tlhotlhiwang, le fa gone boleng jwa tsone jwa dikotla bo farologana go ya ka mekgwa e di dirwang ka yone le e di lekanyediwang ka yone. Gape di na le diminerale tse di jaaka aene, calcium le phosphorus. Ka tlwaelo, bommatlhapi bano ba tsewa mo ditlhareng, ba bo ba ntshiwa se se mo maleng a bone, ba bo ba bedisiwa kgotsa ba beswa pele ba omisiwa. Go di omisa go dira gore di kgone go bolokiwa ka lobaka lo loleele e bile go di dira gore e nne dijo tse di botlhokwa thata ka nako e e seng ya thobo. aq4fq0aawcv17qhahb7dipeabbptnhs 54468 54467 2026-09-05T20:21:28Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 54468 wikitext text/x-wiki === Diboko Tsa Mopane (Mopane Worms) === Dijo Tsa Tlwaelo le Motswedi wa go Itshedisa mo Borwa Jwa Aforika. Seboko sa mopane ke nngwe ya ditshenekegi tse di jewang tse di itsegeng thata mo Aforika Borwa. Go sa kgathalesege leina la yone, tota ga se seboko mme ke monang wa moth wa mmusimogolo. E anngwa thata le ditlhare tsa mopane (Colophospermum mopane), tse matlhare a tsone e leng dijo tse di botlhokwa tsa diboko. Diboko tsa Mopane di kotulwa thata e bile di jewa kwa dinageng tse di akaretsang Aforika Borwa, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Namibia, Zambia, Mozambique le Angola. Mo merafeng e e farologaneng di na le maina a a farologaneng, go akaretsa phane, madora, amancimbi, masonja le mashonzha.<ref>https://dailyinvestor.com/retail/151923/the-man-who-makes-r45000-per-month-selling-mopane-worms-white-ants-and-firewood/</ref> ==== Boleng jwa dikotla ==== Diboko tsa mopane di tsewa di le botlhokwa ka gonne di na le dikotla tse dintsi, segolobogolo diporoteine, mafura le diminerale. Dipatlisiso tse di dirilweng ka di-mopane caterpillar tse di dirilweng di bontshitse gore di na le diporoteine tse dintsi tse di sa tlhotlhiwang, le fa gone boleng jwa tsone jwa dikotla bo farologana go ya ka mekgwa e di dirwang ka yone le e di lekanyediwang ka yone. Gape di na le diminerale tse di jaaka aene, calcium le phosphorus. Ka tlwaelo, bommatlhapi bano ba tsewa mo ditlhareng, ba bo ba ntshiwa se se mo maleng a bone, ba bo ba bedisiwa kgotsa ba beswa pele ba omisiwa. Go di omisa go dira gore di kgone go bolokiwa ka lobaka lo loleele e bile go di dira gore e nne dijo tse di botlhokwa thata ka nako e e seng ya thobo.<ref>https://theconversation.com/mopane-worm-and-termite-sales-relieve-poverty-in-rural-south-africa-studies-explore-the-impact-280926</ref> at92arj98pgd54nytimgepu0q4aqet3 54469 54468 2026-09-05T20:22:13Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 54469 wikitext text/x-wiki === Diboko Tsa Mopane (Mopane Worms) === Dijo Tsa Tlwaelo le Motswedi wa go Itshedisa mo Borwa Jwa Aforika. Seboko sa mopane ke nngwe ya ditshenekegi tse di jewang tse di itsegeng thata mo Aforika Borwa. Go sa kgathalesege leina la yone, tota ga se seboko mme ke monang wa moth wa mmusimogolo. E anngwa thata le ditlhare tsa mopane (Colophospermum mopane), tse matlhare a tsone e leng dijo tse di botlhokwa tsa diboko. Diboko tsa Mopane di kotulwa thata e bile di jewa kwa dinageng tse di akaretsang Aforika Borwa, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Namibia, Zambia, Mozambique le Angola. Mo merafeng e e farologaneng di na le maina a a farologaneng, go akaretsa phane, madora, amancimbi, masonja le mashonzha.<ref>https://dailyinvestor.com/retail/151923/the-man-who-makes-r45000-per-month-selling-mopane-worms-white-ants-and-firewood/</ref> ==== Boleng jwa dikotla ==== Diboko tsa mopane di tsewa di le botlhokwa ka gonne di na le dikotla tse dintsi, segolobogolo diporoteine, mafura le diminerale. Dipatlisiso tse di dirilweng ka di-mopane caterpillar tse di dirilweng di bontshitse gore di na le diporoteine tse dintsi tse di sa tlhotlhiwang, le fa gone boleng jwa tsone jwa dikotla bo farologana go ya ka mekgwa e di dirwang ka yone le e di lekanyediwang ka yone. Gape di na le diminerale tse di jaaka aene, calcium le phosphorus. Ka tlwaelo, bommatlhapi bano ba tsewa mo ditlhareng, ba bo ba ntshiwa se se mo maleng a bone, ba bo ba bedisiwa kgotsa ba beswa pele ba omisiwa. Go di omisa go dira gore di kgone go bolokiwa ka lobaka lo loleele e bile go di dira gore e nne dijo tse di botlhokwa thata ka nako e e seng ya thobo.<ref>https://theconversation.com/mopane-worm-and-termite-sales-relieve-poverty-in-rural-south-africa-studies-explore-the-impact-280926</ref> ==== Botlhokwa jwa setso ==== Ka dikokomana di le dintsi, diboko tsa mopane ga di a ka tsa nna dijo fela. Ke karolo ya ditsamaiso tsa dijo tsa setso le ditlwaelo tsa setso mo merafeng e mentsi ya Borwa jwa Afrika. Go di tsoma gape go ka dira gore malapa le batho ba nne seoposengwe, fa kitso ya gore o ka bona di-caterpillar leng le gone kae gantsi e fetisediwa go tswa kokomaneng e nngwe go ya go e nngwe. Mo mafelong a mo go one metswedi e mengwe ya diporoteine tsa diphologolo e ka nnang tlhwatlhwa e e kwa godimo kgotsa e tlhaela, diboko tsa mopane di ka nna tsa thusa thata. Dipatlisiso di ile tsa tlhalosa gore di thusa gore go nne le dijo tse di lekaneng le gore malapa a bone a nne le dikotla. 7cdmtaw52d76xneztizbldzbffmv30e 54470 54469 2026-09-05T20:23:31Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 54470 wikitext text/x-wiki === Diboko Tsa Mopane (Mopane Worms) === Dijo Tsa Tlwaelo le Motswedi wa go Itshedisa mo Borwa Jwa Aforika. Seboko sa mopane ke nngwe ya ditshenekegi tse di jewang tse di itsegeng thata mo Aforika Borwa. Go sa kgathalesege leina la yone, tota ga se seboko mme ke monang wa moth wa mmusimogolo. E anngwa thata le ditlhare tsa mopane (Colophospermum mopane), tse matlhare a tsone e leng dijo tse di botlhokwa tsa diboko. Diboko tsa Mopane di kotulwa thata e bile di jewa kwa dinageng tse di akaretsang Aforika Borwa, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Namibia, Zambia, Mozambique le Angola. Mo merafeng e e farologaneng di na le maina a a farologaneng, go akaretsa phane, madora, amancimbi, masonja le mashonzha.<ref>https://dailyinvestor.com/retail/151923/the-man-who-makes-r45000-per-month-selling-mopane-worms-white-ants-and-firewood/</ref> ==== Boleng jwa dikotla ==== Diboko tsa mopane di tsewa di le botlhokwa ka gonne di na le dikotla tse dintsi, segolobogolo diporoteine, mafura le diminerale. Dipatlisiso tse di dirilweng ka di-mopane caterpillar tse di dirilweng di bontshitse gore di na le diporoteine tse dintsi tse di sa tlhotlhiwang, le fa gone boleng jwa tsone jwa dikotla bo farologana go ya ka mekgwa e di dirwang ka yone le e di lekanyediwang ka yone. Gape di na le diminerale tse di jaaka aene, calcium le phosphorus. Ka tlwaelo, bommatlhapi bano ba tsewa mo ditlhareng, ba bo ba ntshiwa se se mo maleng a bone, ba bo ba bedisiwa kgotsa ba beswa pele ba omisiwa. Go di omisa go dira gore di kgone go bolokiwa ka lobaka lo loleele e bile go di dira gore e nne dijo tse di botlhokwa thata ka nako e e seng ya thobo.<ref>https://theconversation.com/mopane-worm-and-termite-sales-relieve-poverty-in-rural-south-africa-studies-explore-the-impact-280926</ref> ==== Botlhokwa jwa setso ==== Ka dikokomana di le dintsi, diboko tsa mopane ga di a ka tsa nna dijo fela. Ke karolo ya ditsamaiso tsa dijo tsa setso le ditlwaelo tsa setso mo merafeng e mentsi ya Borwa jwa Aforika. Go di tsoma gape go ka dira gore malapa le batho ba nne seoposengwe, fa kitso ya gore o ka bona di-caterpillar leng le gone kae gantsi e fetisediwa go tswa kokomaneng e nngwe go ya go e nngwe. Mo mafelong a mo go one metswedi e mengwe ya diporoteine tsa diphologolo e ka nnang tlhwatlhwa e e kwa godimo kgotsa e tlhaela, diboko tsa mopane di ka nna tsa thusa thata. Dipatlisiso di ile tsa tlhalosa gore di thusa gore go nne le dijo tse di lekaneng le gore malapa a bone a nne le dikotla. ==== Botlhokwa jwa ikonomi ==== Diboko tsa mopane le tsone di fetogile selo se se botlhokwa se se rekisiwang. Batho ba di tsaya mo nageng ba bo ba di rekisa di le foreshe kgotsa di omisitswe, mme seno se dira gore malapa a kwa magaeng a nne le lotseno. Go oketsega ga mebaraka ya mo ditoropong go dirile gore batho ba le bantsi ba e batle mme seno se ile sa dira gore go rekisiwe diboko tsa mopane. Ka jalo, batho ba le bantsi ba ba dirang tiro ya go roba ba tsaya diboko tsa mopane di le botlhokwa ka tsela e e menaganeng gabedi: di kgona go fepa lelapa le go dira madi. Seno se dira gore e nne sengwe sa dilo tse di botlhokwa tse di tswang mo dikgweng tse e seng tsa logong mo dikarolong dingwe tsa Aforika Borwa. nwy7a1lvoim0cydtws959xu8mh357gj 54471 54470 2026-09-05T20:25:27Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 54471 wikitext text/x-wiki === Diboko Tsa Mopane (Mopane Worms) === Dijo Tsa Tlwaelo le Motswedi wa go Itshedisa mo Borwa Jwa Aforika. Seboko sa mopane ke nngwe ya ditshenekegi tse di jewang tse di itsegeng thata mo Aforika Borwa.<ref>https://www.su.ac.za/en/news/new-research-highlights-conservation-needs-mopane-worms</ref> Go sa kgathalesege leina la yone, tota ga se seboko mme ke monang wa moth wa mmusimogolo. E anngwa thata le ditlhare tsa mopane (Colophospermum mopane), tse matlhare a tsone e leng dijo tse di botlhokwa tsa diboko. Diboko tsa Mopane di kotulwa thata e bile di jewa kwa dinageng tse di akaretsang Aforika Borwa, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Namibia, Zambia, Mozambique le Angola. Mo merafeng e e farologaneng di na le maina a a farologaneng, go akaretsa phane, madora, amancimbi, masonja le mashonzha.<ref>https://dailyinvestor.com/retail/151923/the-man-who-makes-r45000-per-month-selling-mopane-worms-white-ants-and-firewood/</ref> ==== Boleng jwa dikotla ==== Diboko tsa mopane di tsewa di le botlhokwa ka gonne di na le dikotla tse dintsi, segolobogolo diporoteine, mafura le diminerale. Dipatlisiso tse di dirilweng ka di-mopane caterpillar tse di dirilweng di bontshitse gore di na le diporoteine tse dintsi tse di sa tlhotlhiwang, le fa gone boleng jwa tsone jwa dikotla bo farologana go ya ka mekgwa e di dirwang ka yone le e di lekanyediwang ka yone. Gape di na le diminerale tse di jaaka aene, calcium le phosphorus. Ka tlwaelo, bommatlhapi bano ba tsewa mo ditlhareng, ba bo ba ntshiwa se se mo maleng a bone, ba bo ba bedisiwa kgotsa ba beswa pele ba omisiwa. Go di omisa go dira gore di kgone go bolokiwa ka lobaka lo loleele e bile go di dira gore e nne dijo tse di botlhokwa thata ka nako e e seng ya thobo.<ref>https://theconversation.com/mopane-worm-and-termite-sales-relieve-poverty-in-rural-south-africa-studies-explore-the-impact-280926</ref> ==== Botlhokwa jwa setso ==== Ka dikokomana di le dintsi, diboko tsa mopane ga di a ka tsa nna dijo fela. Ke karolo ya ditsamaiso tsa dijo tsa setso le ditlwaelo tsa setso mo merafeng e mentsi ya Borwa jwa Aforika. Go di tsoma gape go ka dira gore malapa le batho ba nne seoposengwe, fa kitso ya gore o ka bona di-caterpillar leng le gone kae gantsi e fetisediwa go tswa kokomaneng e nngwe go ya go e nngwe. Mo mafelong a mo go one metswedi e mengwe ya diporoteine tsa diphologolo e ka nnang tlhwatlhwa e e kwa godimo kgotsa e tlhaela, diboko tsa mopane di ka nna tsa thusa thata. Dipatlisiso di ile tsa tlhalosa gore di thusa gore go nne le dijo tse di lekaneng le gore malapa a bone a nne le dikotla. ==== Botlhokwa jwa ikonomi ==== Diboko tsa mopane le tsone di fetogile selo se se botlhokwa se se rekisiwang. Batho ba di tsaya mo nageng ba bo ba di rekisa di le foreshe kgotsa di omisitswe, mme seno se dira gore malapa a kwa magaeng a nne le lotseno. Go oketsega ga mebaraka ya mo ditoropong go dirile gore batho ba le bantsi ba e batle mme seno se ile sa dira gore go rekisiwe diboko tsa mopane. Ka jalo, batho ba le bantsi ba ba dirang tiro ya go roba ba tsaya diboko tsa mopane di le botlhokwa ka tsela e e menaganeng gabedi: di kgona go fepa lelapa le go dira madi. Seno se dira gore e nne sengwe sa dilo tse di botlhokwa tse di tswang mo dikgweng tse e seng tsa logong mo dikarolong dingwe tsa Aforika Borwa.<ref>https://theconversation.com/mopane-worm-and-termite-sales-relieve-poverty-in-rural-south-africa-studies-explore-the-impact-280926</ref> ==== Dikgwetlho tsa tikologo ==== Le fa diboko tsa mopane di le botlhokwa, di na le mathata a le mmalwa. Go oketsega ga go thunya, go nyelela ga mafelo a bonno le go fetoga ga tikologo go dirile gore batho ba tshwenyege ka gore a diphologolo tsa naga di tla kgona go tshela lobaka lo loleele. Dipatlisiso tsa bosheng jaana tsa dijini di ile tsa dira gore batho ba tlhobaele thata ka go ntshiwa ga dimela ka bontsi, go senngwa ga tikologo le go fetoga ga tlelaemete. Springer Nature Go fetoga ga tlelaemete go ka nna botlhokwa thata ka gonne diboko tsa mopane di ikaegile thata ka ditlhare tsa tsone le maemo a a siameng a tikologo. Patlisiso nngwe ya go dira dimotlelara e ne ya fopholetsa gore go tla nna le phokotsego e kgolo ya lefelo le le siametseng seboko sa mopane mo maemong a isagwe a tlelaemete, le fa gone diphopholetso tse di ntseng jalo di sa tlhomama. <ref>https://news.uj.ac.za/news/the-limpopo-villagers-keeping-their-mopane-and-marula-trees-standing/</ref> jzbph9ow3kv2je2p1bkik09ka3w7sln 54472 54471 2026-09-05T20:27:54Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 54472 wikitext text/x-wiki === Diboko Tsa Mopane (Mopane Worms) === Dijo Tsa Tlwaelo le Motswedi wa go Itshedisa mo Borwa Jwa Aforika. Seboko sa mopane ke nngwe ya ditshenekegi tse di jewang tse di itsegeng thata mo Aforika Borwa.<ref>https://www.su.ac.za/en/news/new-research-highlights-conservation-needs-mopane-worms</ref> Go sa kgathalesege leina la yone, tota ga se seboko mme ke monang wa moth wa mmusimogolo. E anngwa thata le ditlhare tsa mopane (Colophospermum mopane), tse matlhare a tsone e leng dijo tse di botlhokwa tsa diboko. Diboko tsa Mopane di kotulwa thata e bile di jewa kwa dinageng tse di akaretsang Aforika Borwa, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Namibia, Zambia, Mozambique le Angola. Mo merafeng e e farologaneng di na le maina a a farologaneng, go akaretsa phane, madora, amancimbi, masonja le mashonzha.<ref name=":0">https://dailyinvestor.com/retail/151923/the-man-who-makes-r45000-per-month-selling-mopane-worms-white-ants-and-firewood/</ref> ==== Boleng jwa dikotla ==== Diboko tsa mopane di tsewa di le botlhokwa ka gonne di na le dikotla tse dintsi, segolobogolo diporoteine, mafura le diminerale. Dipatlisiso tse di dirilweng ka di-mopane caterpillar tse di dirilweng di bontshitse gore di na le diporoteine tse dintsi tse di sa tlhotlhiwang, le fa gone boleng jwa tsone jwa dikotla bo farologana go ya ka mekgwa e di dirwang ka yone le e di lekanyediwang ka yone. Gape di na le diminerale tse di jaaka aene, calcium le phosphorus. Ka tlwaelo, bommatlhapi bano ba tsewa mo ditlhareng, ba bo ba ntshiwa se se mo maleng a bone, ba bo ba bedisiwa kgotsa ba beswa pele ba omisiwa. Go di omisa go dira gore di kgone go bolokiwa ka lobaka lo loleele e bile go di dira gore e nne dijo tse di botlhokwa thata ka nako e e seng ya thobo.<ref>https://theconversation.com/mopane-worm-and-termite-sales-relieve-poverty-in-rural-south-africa-studies-explore-the-impact-280926</ref> ==== Botlhokwa jwa setso ==== Ka dikokomana di le dintsi, diboko tsa mopane ga di a ka tsa nna dijo fela. Ke karolo ya ditsamaiso tsa dijo tsa setso le ditlwaelo tsa setso mo merafeng e mentsi ya Borwa jwa Aforika. Go di tsoma gape go ka dira gore malapa le batho ba nne seoposengwe, fa kitso ya gore o ka bona diboko leng le gone kae gantsi e fetisediwa go tswa kokomaneng e nngwe go ya go e nngwe.<ref>https://www.africanfarming.com/2025/12/06/mopane-worms-face-uncertain-future-new-study-warns/</ref> Mo mafelong a mo go one metswedi e mengwe ya diporoteine tsa diphologolo e ka nnang tlhwatlhwa e e kwa godimo kgotsa e tlhaela, diboko tsa mopane di ka nna tsa thusa thata. Dipatlisiso di ile tsa tlhalosa gore di thusa gore go nne le dijo tse di lekaneng le gore malapa a bone a nne le dikotla.<ref name=":0" /> ==== Botlhokwa jwa ikonomi ==== Diboko tsa mopane le tsone di fetogile selo se se botlhokwa se se rekisiwang. Batho ba di tsaya mo nageng ba bo ba di rekisa di le foreshe kgotsa di omisitswe, mme seno se dira gore malapa a kwa magaeng a nne le lotseno.<ref>https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/fsn3.72225</ref> Go oketsega ga mebaraka ya mo ditoropong go dirile gore batho ba le bantsi ba e batle mme seno se ile sa dira gore go rekisiwe diboko tsa mopane. Ka jalo, batho ba le bantsi ba ba dirang tiro ya go roba ba tsaya diboko tsa mopane di le botlhokwa ka tsela e e menaganeng gabedi: di kgona go fepa lelapa le go dira madi. Seno se dira gore e nne sengwe sa dilo tse di botlhokwa tse di tswang mo dikgweng tse e seng tsa logong mo dikarolong dingwe tsa Aforika Borwa.<ref>https://theconversation.com/mopane-worm-and-termite-sales-relieve-poverty-in-rural-south-africa-studies-explore-the-impact-280926</ref> ==== Dikgwetlho tsa tikologo ==== Le fa diboko tsa mopane di le botlhokwa, di na le mathata a le mmalwa. Go oketsega ga go thunya, go nyelela ga mafelo a bonno le go fetoga ga tikologo go dirile gore batho ba tshwenyege ka gore a diphologolo tsa naga di tla kgona go tshela lobaka lo loleele. Dipatlisiso tsa bosheng jaana tsa dijini di ile tsa dira gore batho ba tlhobaele thata ka go ntshiwa ga dimela ka bontsi, go senngwa ga tikologo le go fetoga ga tlelaemete. Springer Nature Go fetoga ga tlelaemete go ka nna botlhokwa thata ka gonne diboko tsa mopane di ikaegile thata ka ditlhare tsa tsone le maemo a a siameng a tikologo. Patlisiso nngwe ya go dira dimotlelara e ne ya fopholetsa gore go tla nna le phokotsego e kgolo ya lefelo le le siametseng seboko sa mopane mo maemong a isagwe a tlelaemete, le fa gone diphopholetso tse di ntseng jalo di sa tlhomama. <ref>https://news.uj.ac.za/news/the-limpopo-villagers-keeping-their-mopane-and-marula-trees-standing/</ref> Diboko tsa mopane ke karolo e e botlhokwa ya dijo tsa kwa Aforika Borwa. Di tlamela ka dijo, lotseno le boleng jwa setso, segolobogolo mo bathong ba ba nnang kwa magaeng. Ka nako e e tshwanang, go oketsega ga ditlhokego le go gatelelwa ga tikologo go dira gore go ntshiwa le go somarelwa ga dijalo go nne botlhokwa thata.<ref>https://www.univen.ac.za/news/insights-from-prof-alan-gardiner-giving-public-lecture-on-mopane-worm-use-across-south-central-africa/</ref> Go sireletsa dikgwa tsa mopane le go ema nokeng batho ba ba ikaegileng ka dikungo tsa tsone go tla thusa thata go tlhomamisa gore diboko tsa mopane di tswelela e le dijo tsa botlhokwa e bile e le motswedi wa go itshedisa wa dikokomana tse di tlang.<ref>https://iol.co.za/capeargus/news/2025-12-02-new-study-reveals-genetic-vulnerabilities-in-mopane-worms-across-southern-africa/</ref> 504fw74l68i0343t34wbj38lfmd83bu 54474 54472 2026-09-05T20:35:49Z Reagoleboga 10854 added a photo 54474 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Mopane worm (Madora).jpg|thumb|Mopane worms]] === Diboko Tsa Mopane (Mopane Worms) === Dijo Tsa Tlwaelo le Motswedi wa go Itshedisa mo Borwa Jwa Aforika. Seboko sa mopane ke nngwe ya ditshenekegi tse di jewang tse di itsegeng thata mo Aforika Borwa.<ref>https://www.su.ac.za/en/news/new-research-highlights-conservation-needs-mopane-worms</ref> Go sa kgathalesege leina la yone, tota ga se seboko mme ke monang wa moth wa mmusimogolo. E anngwa thata le ditlhare tsa mopane (Colophospermum mopane), tse matlhare a tsone e leng dijo tse di botlhokwa tsa diboko. Diboko tsa Mopane di kotulwa thata e bile di jewa kwa dinageng tse di akaretsang Aforika Borwa, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Namibia, Zambia, Mozambique le Angola. Mo merafeng e e farologaneng di na le maina a a farologaneng, go akaretsa phane, madora, amancimbi, masonja le mashonzha.<ref name=":0">https://dailyinvestor.com/retail/151923/the-man-who-makes-r45000-per-month-selling-mopane-worms-white-ants-and-firewood/</ref> ==== Boleng jwa dikotla ==== Diboko tsa mopane di tsewa di le botlhokwa ka gonne di na le dikotla tse dintsi, segolobogolo diporoteine, mafura le diminerale. Dipatlisiso tse di dirilweng ka di-mopane caterpillar tse di dirilweng di bontshitse gore di na le diporoteine tse dintsi tse di sa tlhotlhiwang, le fa gone boleng jwa tsone jwa dikotla bo farologana go ya ka mekgwa e di dirwang ka yone le e di lekanyediwang ka yone. Gape di na le diminerale tse di jaaka aene, calcium le phosphorus. Ka tlwaelo, bommatlhapi bano ba tsewa mo ditlhareng, ba bo ba ntshiwa se se mo maleng a bone, ba bo ba bedisiwa kgotsa ba beswa pele ba omisiwa. Go di omisa go dira gore di kgone go bolokiwa ka lobaka lo loleele e bile go di dira gore e nne dijo tse di botlhokwa thata ka nako e e seng ya thobo.<ref>https://theconversation.com/mopane-worm-and-termite-sales-relieve-poverty-in-rural-south-africa-studies-explore-the-impact-280926</ref> ==== Botlhokwa jwa setso ==== Ka dikokomana di le dintsi, diboko tsa mopane ga di a ka tsa nna dijo fela. Ke karolo ya ditsamaiso tsa dijo tsa setso le ditlwaelo tsa setso mo merafeng e mentsi ya Borwa jwa Aforika. Go di tsoma gape go ka dira gore malapa le batho ba nne seoposengwe, fa kitso ya gore o ka bona diboko leng le gone kae gantsi e fetisediwa go tswa kokomaneng e nngwe go ya go e nngwe.<ref>https://www.africanfarming.com/2025/12/06/mopane-worms-face-uncertain-future-new-study-warns/</ref> Mo mafelong a mo go one metswedi e mengwe ya diporoteine tsa diphologolo e ka nnang tlhwatlhwa e e kwa godimo kgotsa e tlhaela, diboko tsa mopane di ka nna tsa thusa thata. Dipatlisiso di ile tsa tlhalosa gore di thusa gore go nne le dijo tse di lekaneng le gore malapa a bone a nne le dikotla.<ref name=":0" /> ==== Botlhokwa jwa ikonomi ==== Diboko tsa mopane le tsone di fetogile selo se se botlhokwa se se rekisiwang. Batho ba di tsaya mo nageng ba bo ba di rekisa di le foreshe kgotsa di omisitswe, mme seno se dira gore malapa a kwa magaeng a nne le lotseno.<ref>https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/fsn3.72225</ref> Go oketsega ga mebaraka ya mo ditoropong go dirile gore batho ba le bantsi ba e batle mme seno se ile sa dira gore go rekisiwe diboko tsa mopane. Ka jalo, batho ba le bantsi ba ba dirang tiro ya go roba ba tsaya diboko tsa mopane di le botlhokwa ka tsela e e menaganeng gabedi: di kgona go fepa lelapa le go dira madi. Seno se dira gore e nne sengwe sa dilo tse di botlhokwa tse di tswang mo dikgweng tse e seng tsa logong mo dikarolong dingwe tsa Aforika Borwa.<ref>https://theconversation.com/mopane-worm-and-termite-sales-relieve-poverty-in-rural-south-africa-studies-explore-the-impact-280926</ref> ==== Dikgwetlho tsa tikologo ==== Le fa diboko tsa mopane di le botlhokwa, di na le mathata a le mmalwa. Go oketsega ga go thunya, go nyelela ga mafelo a bonno le go fetoga ga tikologo go dirile gore batho ba tshwenyege ka gore a diphologolo tsa naga di tla kgona go tshela lobaka lo loleele. Dipatlisiso tsa bosheng jaana tsa dijini di ile tsa dira gore batho ba tlhobaele thata ka go ntshiwa ga dimela ka bontsi, go senngwa ga tikologo le go fetoga ga tlelaemete. Springer Nature Go fetoga ga tlelaemete go ka nna botlhokwa thata ka gonne diboko tsa mopane di ikaegile thata ka ditlhare tsa tsone le maemo a a siameng a tikologo. Patlisiso nngwe ya go dira dimotlelara e ne ya fopholetsa gore go tla nna le phokotsego e kgolo ya lefelo le le siametseng seboko sa mopane mo maemong a isagwe a tlelaemete, le fa gone diphopholetso tse di ntseng jalo di sa tlhomama. <ref>https://news.uj.ac.za/news/the-limpopo-villagers-keeping-their-mopane-and-marula-trees-standing/</ref> Diboko tsa mopane ke karolo e e botlhokwa ya dijo tsa kwa Aforika Borwa. Di tlamela ka dijo, lotseno le boleng jwa setso, segolobogolo mo bathong ba ba nnang kwa magaeng. Ka nako e e tshwanang, go oketsega ga ditlhokego le go gatelelwa ga tikologo go dira gore go ntshiwa le go somarelwa ga dijalo go nne botlhokwa thata.<ref>https://www.univen.ac.za/news/insights-from-prof-alan-gardiner-giving-public-lecture-on-mopane-worm-use-across-south-central-africa/</ref> Go sireletsa dikgwa tsa mopane le go ema nokeng batho ba ba ikaegileng ka dikungo tsa tsone go tla thusa thata go tlhomamisa gore diboko tsa mopane di tswelela e le dijo tsa botlhokwa e bile e le motswedi wa go itshedisa wa dikokomana tse di tlang.<ref>https://iol.co.za/capeargus/news/2025-12-02-new-study-reveals-genetic-vulnerabilities-in-mopane-worms-across-southern-africa/</ref> f7shbg64tpp5u2dqet1ne6hylnzd8oy 54475 54474 2026-09-05T20:36:35Z Reagoleboga 10854 54475 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Mopane worm (Madora).jpg|thumb|Mopane worms]] === Diboko Tsa Mopane (Mopane Worms) === Dijo Tsa Tlwaelo le Motswedi wa go Itshedisa mo Borwa Jwa Aforika. Seboko sa mopane ke nngwe ya ditshenekegi tse di jewang tse di itsegeng thata mo Aforika Borwa.<ref>https://www.su.ac.za/en/news/new-research-highlights-conservation-needs-mopane-worms</ref> Go sa kgathalesege leina la yone, tota ga se seboko mme ke monang wa moth wa mmusimogolo. E anngwa thata le ditlhare tsa mopane (Colophospermum mopane), tse matlhare a tsone e leng dijo tse di botlhokwa tsa diboko. Diboko tsa Mopane di kotulwa thata e bile di jewa kwa dinageng tse di akaretsang Aforika Borwa, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Namibia, Zambia, Mozambique le Angola. Mo merafeng e e farologaneng di na le maina a a farologaneng, go akaretsa phane, madora, amancimbi, masonja le mashonzha.<ref name=":0">https://dailyinvestor.com/retail/151923/the-man-who-makes-r45000-per-month-selling-mopane-worms-white-ants-and-firewood/</ref> ==== Boleng jwa dikotla ==== Diboko tsa mopane di tsewa di le botlhokwa ka gonne di na le dikotla tse dintsi, segolobogolo diporoteine, mafura le diminerale. Dipatlisiso tse di dirilweng ka di-mopane caterpillar tse di dirilweng di bontshitse gore di na le diporoteine tse dintsi tse di sa tlhotlhiwang, le fa gone boleng jwa tsone jwa dikotla bo farologana go ya ka mekgwa e di dirwang ka yone le e di lekanyediwang ka yone. Gape di na le diminerale tse di jaaka aene, calcium le phosphorus. Ka tlwaelo, bommatlhapi bano ba tsewa mo ditlhareng, ba bo ba ntshiwa se se mo maleng a bone, ba bo ba bedisiwa kgotsa ba beswa pele ba omisiwa. Go di omisa go dira gore di kgone go bolokiwa ka lobaka lo loleele e bile go di dira gore e nne dijo tse di botlhokwa thata ka nako e e seng ya thobo.<ref>https://theconversation.com/mopane-worm-and-termite-sales-relieve-poverty-in-rural-south-africa-studies-explore-the-impact-280926</ref> ==== Botlhokwa jwa setso ==== Ka dikokomana di le dintsi, diboko tsa mopane ga di a ka tsa nna dijo fela. Ke karolo ya ditsamaiso tsa dijo tsa setso le ditlwaelo tsa setso mo merafeng e mentsi ya Borwa jwa Aforika. Go di tsoma gape go ka dira gore malapa le batho ba nne seoposengwe, fa kitso ya gore o ka bona diboko leng le gone kae gantsi e fetisediwa go tswa kokomaneng e nngwe go ya go e nngwe.<ref>https://www.africanfarming.com/2025/12/06/mopane-worms-face-uncertain-future-new-study-warns/</ref> Mo mafelong a mo go one metswedi e mengwe ya diporoteine tsa diphologolo e ka nnang tlhwatlhwa e e kwa godimo kgotsa e tlhaela, diboko tsa mopane di ka nna tsa thusa thata. Dipatlisiso di ile tsa tlhalosa gore di thusa gore go nne le dijo tse di lekaneng le gore malapa a bone a nne le dikotla.<ref name=":0" /> ==== Botlhokwa jwa ikonomi ==== Diboko tsa mopane le tsone di fetogile selo se se botlhokwa se se rekisiwang. Batho ba di tsaya mo nageng ba bo ba di rekisa di le foreshe kgotsa di omisitswe, mme seno se dira gore malapa a kwa magaeng a nne le lotseno.<ref>https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/fsn3.72225</ref> Go oketsega ga mebaraka ya mo ditoropong go dirile gore batho ba le bantsi ba e batle mme seno se ile sa dira gore go rekisiwe diboko tsa mopane. Ka jalo, batho ba le bantsi ba ba dirang tiro ya go roba ba tsaya diboko tsa mopane di le botlhokwa ka tsela e e menaganeng gabedi: di kgona go fepa lelapa le go dira madi. Seno se dira gore e nne sengwe sa dilo tse di botlhokwa tse di tswang mo dikgweng tse e seng tsa logong mo dikarolong dingwe tsa Aforika Borwa.<ref>https://theconversation.com/mopane-worm-and-termite-sales-relieve-poverty-in-rural-south-africa-studies-explore-the-impact-280926</ref> ==== Dikgwetlho tsa tikologo ==== Le fa diboko tsa mopane di le botlhokwa, di na le mathata a le mmalwa. Go oketsega ga go thunya, go nyelela ga mafelo a bonno le go fetoga ga tikologo go dirile gore batho ba tshwenyege ka gore a diphologolo tsa naga di tla kgona go tshela lobaka lo loleele. Dipatlisiso tsa bosheng jaana tsa dijini di ile tsa dira gore batho ba tlhobaele thata ka go ntshiwa ga dimela ka bontsi, go senngwa ga tikologo le go fetoga ga tlelaemete. Springer Nature Go fetoga ga tlelaemete go ka nna botlhokwa thata ka gonne diboko tsa mopane di ikaegile thata ka ditlhare tsa tsone le maemo a a siameng a tikologo. Patlisiso nngwe ya go dira dimotlelara e ne ya fopholetsa gore go tla nna le phokotsego e kgolo ya lefelo le le siametseng seboko sa mopane mo maemong a isagwe a tlelaemete, le fa gone diphopholetso tse di ntseng jalo di sa tlhomama. <ref>https://news.uj.ac.za/news/the-limpopo-villagers-keeping-their-mopane-and-marula-trees-standing/</ref> Diboko tsa mopane ke karolo e e botlhokwa ya dijo tsa kwa Aforika Borwa. Di tlamela ka dijo, lotseno le boleng jwa setso, segolobogolo mo bathong ba ba nnang kwa magaeng. Ka nako e e tshwanang, go oketsega ga ditlhokego le go gatelelwa ga tikologo go dira gore go ntshiwa le go somarelwa ga dijalo go nne botlhokwa thata.<ref>https://www.univen.ac.za/news/insights-from-prof-alan-gardiner-giving-public-lecture-on-mopane-worm-use-across-south-central-africa/</ref> Go sireletsa dikgwa tsa mopane le go ema nokeng batho ba ba ikaegileng ka dikungo tsa tsone go tla thusa thata go tlhomamisa gore diboko tsa mopane di tswelela e le dijo tsa botlhokwa e bile e le motswedi wa go itshedisa wa dikokomana tse di tlang.<ref>https://iol.co.za/capeargus/news/2025-12-02-new-study-reveals-genetic-vulnerabilities-in-mopane-worms-across-southern-africa/</ref> [[Category: Mopane worms]] [[Category: Diboko tsa Mopane]] lhvbv0rjb4o17xmvw3mszslgeusr0d3 0 14950 54473 2026-09-05T20:35:00Z Reagoleboga 10854 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1364844943|Potjiekos]]" 54473 wikitext text/x-wiki   Mo Aforika Borwa, potjiekos, e e ranolwang ka tlhamalalo e le "dijo tsa dipitsa tse dinnye", ke sejo se se apewang kwa ntle. Ka tlwaelo di apewa mo pitseng e e kgolo, ya tshipi, ya maoto a mararo, e e bidiwang potjie.[ Pitsa e gotediwa ka go dirisa dikgong tse dinnye kgotsa magala kgotsa, fa go na le tlhaelo ya lookwane, bojang jo bo sokameng kgotsa le e leng boloko jwa diphologolo jo bo omisitsweng. == Hisetori == Ka setso, sejo seno se akaretsa nama, merogo e e tshwanang le dikherotse, khabetšhe, cauliflower, kgotsa lephutsi, tse di tshwanang le raese kgotsa ditapole, tsotlhe di apewa ka iketlo ka ditswaiso tsa Se-Dutch le Se-Malay, e leng ditswaiso tse di neng di tlwaelegile mo go se se neng se dirisiwa go apaya mo Aforika Borwa. Dilo tse dingwe tse di dirisiwang thata ke maungo le dijo tse di dirilweng ka folouru tse di jaaka pasta. Potjiekos e simolotse e le Voortrekkers, e fetoga go nna sejo se se dirwang ka nama ya phokoje le merogo (fa e le teng), e apeilwe mo potjie. Fa batho ba ba neng ba tsamaya ka dinao ba ntse ba thunya diphologolo tsa naga, di ne di tsenngwa mo pitseng. Marapo a magolo a ne a tsenngwa gore sejana se nne thata. Letsatsi lengwe le lengwe fa dikolotsana di ema, pitsa e ne e bewa mo molelong gore e bela. Marapo a masha a ne a emisetsa a bogologolo mme nama e ntšha e emisetsa e e jetsweng. Diphologolo tse di neng di tsoma di ne di akaretsa diphologolo tsa naga, dinonyane tse di jaaka dikgogo tsa Guinea, dikolobe tsa naga, dikolobe tsa naga, mmutla le mmutla. == Didirisiwa le thulaganyo ya kakaretso == Go tsenngwa oli ya go apaya mo potjie, mme e bo e bewa mo molelong go fitlha e fisa. Go tsenngwa nama, gantsi e le ya nku kgotsa ya kolobe. Nama e na le ditswaiso mme gantsi go tsenngwa mofuta mongwe wa bojalwa go dira tatso - gantsi biri, Old Brown Sherry kgotsa beine e e monate jaaka Humbro. == dikotsi tsa boitekanelo == Ka 1998, go ne ga begwa gore dipitsa tsa aluminiamo tse di rometsweng ntle ka molao tse di nang le selekanyo se segolo sa lloto di ne di rekisiwa, di baya badirisi mo kotsing ya botlhole jwa lloto == Bona gape == * Braai * Skottle * Hot pot * List of African dishes * List of stews * Perpetual stew * Potbrood * Sač == Metswedi == == Metswedi ya kwa ntle == [[Karolo:Potjiekos]] 0tcidlte6z8iwqw0938mcnv8t8ywvc9 54476 54473 2026-09-05T20:43:07Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 54476 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:The Potjie is ready.JPG|thumb|Potjie kos]]   Mo Aforika Borwa, potjiekos, e e ranolwang ka tlhamalalo e le "dijo tsa dipitsa tse dinnye", ke sejo se se apewang kwa ntle. Ka tlwaelo di apewa mo pitseng e e kgolo, ya tshipi, ya maoto a mararo, e e bidiwang potjie.[ Pitsa e gotediwa ka go dirisa dikgong tse dinnye kgotsa magala kgotsa, fa go na le tlhaelo ya lookwane, bojang jo bo sokameng kgotsa le e leng boloko jwa diphologolo jo bo omisitsweng. == Hisetori == Ka setso, sejo seno se akaretsa nama, merogo e e tshwanang le dikherotse, khabetšhe, cauliflower, kgotsa lephutsi, tse di tshwanang le raese kgotsa ditapole, tsotlhe di apewa ka iketlo ka ditswaiso tsa Se-Dutch le Se-Malay, e leng ditswaiso tse di neng di tlwaelegile mo go se se neng se dirisiwa go apaya mo Aforika Borwa. Dilo tse dingwe tse di dirisiwang thata ke maungo le dijo tse di dirilweng ka folouru tse di jaaka pasta. Potjiekos e simolotse e le Voortrekkers, e fetoga go nna sejo se se dirwang ka nama ya phokoje le merogo (fa e le teng), e apeilwe mo potjie. Fa batho ba ba neng ba tsamaya ka dinao ba ntse ba thunya diphologolo tsa naga, di ne di tsenngwa mo pitseng. Marapo a magolo a ne a tsenngwa gore sejana se nne thata. Letsatsi lengwe le lengwe fa dikolotsana di ema, pitsa e ne e bewa mo molelong gore e bela. Marapo a masha a ne a emisetsa a bogologolo mme nama e ntšha e emisetsa e e jetsweng. Diphologolo tse di neng di tsoma di ne di akaretsa diphologolo tsa naga, dinonyane tse di jaaka dikgogo tsa Guinea, dikolobe tsa naga, dikolobe tsa naga, mmutla le mmutla. == Didirisiwa le thulaganyo ya kakaretso == Go tsenngwa oli ya go apaya mo potjie, mme e bo e bewa mo molelong go fitlha e fisa. Go tsenngwa nama, gantsi e le ya nku kgotsa ya kolobe. Nama e na le ditswaiso mme gantsi go tsenngwa mofuta mongwe wa bojalwa go dira tatso - gantsi biri, Old Brown Sherry kgotsa beine e e monate jaaka Humbro. == dikotsi tsa boitekanelo == Ka 1998, go ne ga begwa gore dipitsa tsa aluminiamo tse di rometsweng ntle ka molao tse di nang le selekanyo se segolo sa lloto di ne di rekisiwa, di baya badirisi mo kotsing ya botlhole jwa lloto == Bona gape == * Braai * Skottle * Hot pot * List of African dishes * List of stews * Perpetual stew * Potbrood * Sač == Metswedi == == Metswedi ya kwa ntle == [[Karolo:Potjiekos]] duvz31ypcdanc45fpw373jzy6jj57kt 0 14951 54477 2026-09-05T21:07:06Z Reagoleboga 10854 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1371145172|Vetkoek]]" 54477 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:A_fat_cook_(Vetkoek).jpeg|thumb| Vetkoek e e tlhomilweng ka karolo ya polony]] Vetkoek ke borotho jwa setso jwa Aforika Borwa jo bo gadikilweng. E tshwana le kuku ya Johnny ya kwa Caribbean, oliebol ya kwa Netherlands le sopaipillas ya kwa Mexico. E itsege gape ka leina la SeXhosa, SeZulu, le Setswana la igwinya (bontsi amagwinya) le legwinya (bontsi magwinya) ka go latelana. Lefoko vetkoek ka Seaforikanse le kaya "khekhe e e mafura" mme le simologile mo hisetoring ya Aforika Borwa. Go akanngwa gore sejo seno se simolotswe ke Voortrekkers, e leng batho ba Ba-Dutch ba ba neng ba fudugela mo teng ga Aforika Borwa ka bo1830. E re ka ba ne ba batla dijo tse ba ka kgonang go di rwala le tse ba ka kgonang go di boloka mo maetong a bone a maleele, ba ne ba tlhama vetkoek e le tharabololo e e molemo. Tshimologo eno e e sa reng sepe e dirile gore vetkoek e nne sejo se se rategang thata mo bathong ba le bantsi ba Afrika Borwa, se se jewang mo magaeng e bile se rekisiwa ke barekisi ba mo mebileng go ralala naga. E bopegile jaaka donut e e se nang phatlha, mme e dirilwe ka bupi jo bo bedisitsweng. Gantsi di-vetkoek di dirwa mmogo le nama e e gadikilweng ya kheri, e e tsentsweng mo teng. Vetkoek gantsi e rekisiwa kwa diresetšhurenteng tse di nang le malapa le kwa meletlong ya Seaforika le kwa ditiragalong tsa setso. Vetkoek(lengwinya) ke sejo se se rategang thata mo bathong ba le bantsi ba ba nnang mo Aforika Borwa koo e jewang e le nosi kgotsa e na le dijo tse di tletseng e bile e le mogote e bile e rekisiwa ke dikgwebo tse dinnye tse di farologaneng, barekisi ba ditekisi, barekisi ba mo mebileng, le mabenkele a dijo tse di bonako a a fitlhelwang mo Aforia Borwa, Namibia le Botswana. == Bona gape == * [[:en:List_of_African_dishes|List of African dishes]] * [[:en:South_African_cuisine|South African cuisine]] == Metswedi == == Metswedi e e kwa ntle == [[Karolo:Vetkoek]] [[Karolo:Magwinya]] o8wzug8bi6e9vej2rcb0kpej84mx3n8 0 14952 54478 2026-09-05T21:17:54Z KatieKea 10150 Ke simolotse go ranola tsebe e 54478 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Liliesleaf hut1.jpg|thumb|Phaposi e e ruletsweng ka bojang kwa Polaseng ya Liliesleaf]] '''Polase ya Liliesleaf''', gape e kwalwa e le '''Lilliesleaf''' mme gape e itsege fela jaaka '''Liliesleaf''', ke lefelo le le kwa bokone jwa [[Johannesburg]], Aforika Borwa, le le itsegeng thata ka tiriso ya lone jaaka ntlo e e babalesegileng ya balweladitshwanelo tsa [[African National Congress]] (ANC) ka dingwaga tsa [[Tlhaolele mo Aforika Borwa|tlhaolele]] ka dingwaga tsa bo 1960. Ka 1963, mapodisi a Aforika Borwa a ne a tlhasela polase e, a tshwara baeteledipele le balweladitshwanelo ba ANC ba feta lesome le bobedi, ba morago ba neng ba sekisiwa ka nako ya [[Tsheko ya Rivonia]]. Morago ga bokhutlo jwa tlhaolele, setsha seno se ne sa tsosolosiwa mme sa fetolwa go nna motlobo wa ditso le [[lefelo la boswa jwa bosetšhaba]]. E ne e tswaletswe baeng ka Lwetse 2021, mme go ne go rulagantswe gore e bulwe gape morago ga ngwaga. == Ditso == == Metswedi == kgpmtuy080au8ny43xh96wnjgufdd5q 54479 54478 2026-09-05T21:32:21Z KatieKea 10150 /* Ditso */ ke ranotse karolo e le go tsenya metswedi 54479 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Liliesleaf hut1.jpg|thumb|Phaposi e e ruletsweng ka bojang kwa Polaseng ya Liliesleaf]] '''Polase ya Liliesleaf''', gape e kwalwa e le '''Lilliesleaf''' mme gape e itsege fela jaaka '''Liliesleaf''', ke lefelo le le kwa bokone jwa [[Johannesburg]], Aforika Borwa, le le itsegeng thata ka tiriso ya lone jaaka ntlo e e babalesegileng ya balweladitshwanelo tsa [[African National Congress]] (ANC) ka dingwaga tsa [[Tlhaolele mo Aforika Borwa|tlhaolele]] ka dingwaga tsa bo 1960. Ka 1963, mapodisi a Aforika Borwa a ne a tlhasela polase e, a tshwara baeteledipele le balweladitshwanelo ba ANC ba feta lesome le bobedi, ba morago ba neng ba sekisiwa ka nako ya [[Tsheko ya Rivonia]]. Morago ga bokhutlo jwa tlhaolele, setsha seno se ne sa tsosolosiwa mme sa fetolwa go nna motlobo wa ditso le [[lefelo la boswa jwa bosetšhaba]]. E ne e tswaletswe baeng ka Lwetse 2021, mme go ne go rulagantswe gore e bulwe gape morago ga ngwaga. == Ditso == Ntlo ya polasei e mo George Avenue kwa [[Rivonia]], e e kileng ya bo e le lefelo le le kgakala mo motseng, jaanong e le motsethoko o o ka nnang dikilometara di le masome mabedi–masome mabedi le borataro kwa bokone jwa [[Johannesburg]], mo kgaolong ya [[Sandton]]. Ka 1961, setsha seno se ne sa rekwa ke [[Arthur Goldreich]] le [[Harold Wolpe]] ka madi go tswa kwa Mokgatlhong wa Bokomonisi wa Aforika Borwa o o neng o le mo sephiring, go dirisiwa jaaka [[ntlo e e babalesegileng]] ya batshabi ba sepolotiki. Goldreich o ne a nna koo le mosadi wa gagwe wa nako eo e bong Hazel le barwa ba bone ba babedi, e bong Nicholas le Paul. Ka e le Maaforika Borwa a basweu mo lefelong le le beetsweng batho basweu, ga ba a ka ba ngoka kelethoko, mme ba ne ba neelana ka khurumetso go balweladitshwanelo ba bantsho ba ba kgatlhanong le tlhaolele.<ref>Munro, Kathy (14 September 2021). [https://www.theheritageportal.co.za/article/liliesleaf-making-case-survival "Liliesleaf – Making a case for survival"]. ''The Heritage Portal''. Retrieved Lwetse a le malatsi matlhano, 2026.</ref> E ne ya bonwa ka nako e go neng go na le phetogo ya tsepamisomogopolo le maano mo teng ga mokgatlho wa kgololesego, go tswa mo kganelong e e sa direng sepe go ya kwa kgaratlhong e e tlhometseng, fa [[uMkhonto we Sizwe]] (MK) e ne e tlhongwa. Go ise go ye kae Liliesleaf e ne ya nna ntlokgolo ya MK.<ref>Jackson, Clinton (12 September 2016). [https://web.archive.org/web/20230730111405/https://sahris.sahra.org.za/node/369306 "Gradings: Site Reference: 9/2/228/0221"]. ''[[:en:SAHRA|SAHRA]]''. Archived from [https://sahris.sahra.org.za/node/369306 the original] on 30 July 2023. Retrieved Lwetse a le malatsi matlhano, 2026.</ref> Moeteledipele wa African National Congress [[Nelson Mandela]] o ne a tlhoka lefelo le le babalesegileng le a neng a ka dira go tswa mo go lone, mme a nna koo ka fa tlase ga boitshupo jo bo tsewang jaaka modiri wa polase yo o bidiwang David Motsamayi, e leng leina la mongwe wa bareki ba gagwe ba pele. Le fa go ntse jalo o ne a tshwarwa kwa [[Howick]] ka Phatwe 1962 ka ditatofatso tse di sa amaneng (go tlhotlheletsa badiri go ngala tiro, le go tswa mo Aforika Borwa ntle le dipampiri tse di amogelesegang tsa mosepele).<ref>[https://www.nelsonmandela.org/news/entry/passports-tell-a-story "Passports tell a story – Nelson Mandela Foundation"]. ''Nelson Mandela Foundation''. 4 March 2008. Retrieved Lwetse a le malatsi matlhano, 2026.</ref><ref>Meredith, Martin (2010). ''[[iarchive:mandelabiography0000mere|Mandela : a Biography]]''. PublicAffairs. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-58648-832-1|978-1-58648-832-1]]</bdi>. Retrieved Lwetse a le malatsi matlhano, 2026 &#x2013; via [[:en:Internet_Archive|Internet Archive]].</ref> Ba bangwe ba ba neng ba kopana mo sephiring kwa Liliesleaf ba ne ba akaretsa [[Walter Sisulu]], [[Govan Mbeki]], [[Ahmed Kathrada]], [[Denis Goldberg]], [[Raymond Mhlaba]], [[Elias Motsoaledi]], [[Andrew Mlangeni]], [[James Kantor]], [[Ruth First]], [[Joe Slovo]], le [[Lionel Bernstein]]. == Metswedi == 3dgm1fxeszi0h5w54pp7n34m8wkx0ku 54480 54479 2026-09-05T21:38:59Z KatieKea 10150 /* Ditso */ Ke okeditse tlhanolo le metswedi. 54480 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Liliesleaf hut1.jpg|thumb|Phaposi e e ruletsweng ka bojang kwa Polaseng ya Liliesleaf]] '''Polase ya Liliesleaf''', gape e kwalwa e le '''Lilliesleaf''' mme gape e itsege fela jaaka '''Liliesleaf''', ke lefelo le le kwa bokone jwa [[Johannesburg]], Aforika Borwa, le le itsegeng thata ka tiriso ya lone jaaka ntlo e e babalesegileng ya balweladitshwanelo tsa [[African National Congress]] (ANC) ka dingwaga tsa [[Tlhaolele mo Aforika Borwa|tlhaolele]] ka dingwaga tsa bo 1960. Ka 1963, mapodisi a Aforika Borwa a ne a tlhasela polase e, a tshwara baeteledipele le balweladitshwanelo ba ANC ba feta lesome le bobedi, ba morago ba neng ba sekisiwa ka nako ya [[Tsheko ya Rivonia]]. Morago ga bokhutlo jwa tlhaolele, setsha seno se ne sa tsosolosiwa mme sa fetolwa go nna motlobo wa ditso le [[lefelo la boswa jwa bosetšhaba]]. E ne e tswaletswe baeng ka Lwetse 2021, mme go ne go rulagantswe gore e bulwe gape morago ga ngwaga. == Ditso == Ntlo ya polasei e mo George Avenue kwa [[Rivonia]], e e kileng ya bo e le lefelo le le kgakala mo motseng, jaanong e le motsethoko o o ka nnang dikilometara di le masome mabedi–masome mabedi le borataro kwa bokone jwa [[Johannesburg]], mo kgaolong ya [[Sandton]]. Ka 1961, setsha seno se ne sa rekwa ke [[Arthur Goldreich]] le [[Harold Wolpe]] ka madi go tswa kwa Mokgatlhong wa Bokomonisi wa Aforika Borwa o o neng o le mo sephiring, go dirisiwa jaaka [[ntlo e e babalesegileng]] ya batshabi ba sepolotiki. Goldreich o ne a nna koo le mosadi wa gagwe wa nako eo e bong Hazel le barwa ba bone ba babedi, e bong Nicholas le Paul. Ka e le Maaforika Borwa a basweu mo lefelong le le beetsweng batho basweu, ga ba a ka ba ngoka kelethoko, mme ba ne ba neelana ka khurumetso go balweladitshwanelo ba bantsho ba ba kgatlhanong le tlhaolele.<ref>Munro, Kathy (14 September 2021). [https://www.theheritageportal.co.za/article/liliesleaf-making-case-survival "Liliesleaf – Making a case for survival"]. ''The Heritage Portal''. Retrieved Lwetse a le malatsi matlhano, 2026.</ref> E ne ya bonwa ka nako e go neng go na le phetogo ya tsepamisomogopolo le maano mo teng ga mokgatlho wa kgololesego, go tswa mo kganelong e e sa direng sepe go ya kwa kgaratlhong e e tlhometseng, fa [[uMkhonto we Sizwe]] (MK) e ne e tlhongwa. Go ise go ye kae Liliesleaf e ne ya nna ntlokgolo ya MK.<ref name=":0">Jackson, Clinton (12 September 2016). [https://web.archive.org/web/20230730111405/https://sahris.sahra.org.za/node/369306 "Gradings: Site Reference: 9/2/228/0221"]. ''[[:en:SAHRA|SAHRA]]''. Archived from [https://sahris.sahra.org.za/node/369306 the original] on 30 July 2023. Retrieved Lwetse a le malatsi matlhano, 2026.</ref> Moeteledipele wa African National Congress [[Nelson Mandela]] o ne a tlhoka lefelo le le babalesegileng le a neng a ka dira go tswa mo go lone, mme a nna koo ka fa tlase ga boitshupo jo bo tsewang jaaka modiri wa polase yo o bidiwang David Motsamayi, e leng leina la mongwe wa bareki ba gagwe ba pele. Le fa go ntse jalo o ne a tshwarwa kwa [[Howick]] ka Phatwe 1962 ka ditatofatso tse di sa amaneng (go tlhotlheletsa badiri go ngala tiro, le go tswa mo Aforika Borwa ntle le dipampiri tse di amogelesegang tsa mosepele).<ref>[https://www.nelsonmandela.org/news/entry/passports-tell-a-story "Passports tell a story – Nelson Mandela Foundation"]. ''Nelson Mandela Foundation''. 4 March 2008. Retrieved Lwetse a le malatsi matlhano, 2026.</ref><ref name=":1">Meredith, Martin (2010). ''[[iarchive:mandelabiography0000mere|Mandela : a Biography]]''. PublicAffairs. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-58648-832-1|978-1-58648-832-1]]</bdi>. Retrieved Lwetse a le malatsi matlhano, 2026 &#x2013; via [[:en:Internet_Archive|Internet Archive]].</ref> Ba bangwe ba ba neng ba kopana mo sephiring kwa Liliesleaf ba ne ba akaretsa [[Walter Sisulu]], [[Govan Mbeki]], [[Ahmed Kathrada]], [[Denis Goldberg]], [[Raymond Mhlaba]], [[Elias Motsoaledi]], [[Andrew Mlangeni]], [[James Kantor]], [[Ruth First]], [[Joe Slovo]], le [[Lionel Bernstein]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081225182915/http://liliesleaf.co.za/pb_what_happened.php "What happened at Liliesleaf Farm?".] ''Liliesleaf''. Archived from [http://liliesleaf.co.za/pb_what_happened.php the original] on 25 December 2008.</ref> MK e ne ya simolola [[Operation O Mayibuye]] (e e bidiwang Operation Mayibuye) go tswa kwa Liliesleaf.<ref name=":0" /> Ka Phukwi a le lesome le motso 1963, mapodisi a tshireletso a ne a tlhasela polase mme a tshwara maloko a le lesome le boferabonwe a sephiri, moragonyana a latofatsa le go sekisa palo ya bone ka go senya. Mapodisi a ne a utlwile ka lefelo leno go tswa mo metsweding e mebedi: George Mellis, yo o neng a nna gaufi le lefelo le kwa Rivonia Caravan Park, o ne a lemoga dikoloi di le mmalwa di tsena le go tswa mo lefelong la polase mme a bolelela ba lelapa la gagwe; le tshedimosetso ya mapodisi kwa MK. Balweladitshwanelo ba ne ba ntse ba kopanela mo phaposing e e ruletsweng ka bojang mme ba ne ba gakgamaditswe ke go tlhaselwa. Ba ne ba setse ba dirile tshwetso pele ga nako ya go fudugela kwa ntlong e nngwe e e babalesegileng, mme Phukwi a le lesome le motso e ne e le kopano ya bone ya bofelo kwa Liliesleaf.<ref>[[:en:Denis_Goldberg|Goldberg, Denis]] (2016). ''A Life for Freedom''. University Press of Kentucky. p.&#x20;86.</ref> Mapodisi a ne a bona dipampiri ka nako ya phuruphutsho tse di neng di pega Mandela molato, ka jalo o ne a latofadiwa mme a tlisiwa kwa tshekong le ba bangwe.<ref name=":1" /> Tsheko, e e neng ya simolola ka Phalane 1963 go fitlha ka Seetebosigo 1964, e ne ya khutla ka Mandela le baeteledipele ba bangwe ba ba tlhageletseng, go akaretsa Sisulu, Govan Mbeki, Kathrada, Goldberg, Mhlaba, Motsoaledi, le Mlangeni ba bonwa molato mme ba atlholelwa botshelo jotlhe mo kgolegelong.<ref name=":0" /> == Lefelo le jaaka motlobo wa ditso == == Metswedi == hzaq7i5fiafb6sxi40l1h2f7r5qxrnp 54481 54480 2026-09-05T21:44:13Z KatieKea 10150 /* Lefelo le jaaka motlobo wa ditso */ Ke simolotse go ranola karolo e 54481 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Liliesleaf hut1.jpg|thumb|Phaposi e e ruletsweng ka bojang kwa Polaseng ya Liliesleaf]] '''Polase ya Liliesleaf''', gape e kwalwa e le '''Lilliesleaf''' mme gape e itsege fela jaaka '''Liliesleaf''', ke lefelo le le kwa bokone jwa [[Johannesburg]], Aforika Borwa, le le itsegeng thata ka tiriso ya lone jaaka ntlo e e babalesegileng ya balweladitshwanelo tsa [[African National Congress]] (ANC) ka dingwaga tsa [[Tlhaolele mo Aforika Borwa|tlhaolele]] ka dingwaga tsa bo 1960. Ka 1963, mapodisi a Aforika Borwa a ne a tlhasela polase e, a tshwara baeteledipele le balweladitshwanelo ba ANC ba feta lesome le bobedi, ba morago ba neng ba sekisiwa ka nako ya [[Tsheko ya Rivonia]]. Morago ga bokhutlo jwa tlhaolele, setsha seno se ne sa tsosolosiwa mme sa fetolwa go nna motlobo wa ditso le [[lefelo la boswa jwa bosetšhaba]]. E ne e tswaletswe baeng ka Lwetse 2021, mme go ne go rulagantswe gore e bulwe gape morago ga ngwaga. == Ditso == Ntlo ya polasei e mo George Avenue kwa [[Rivonia]], e e kileng ya bo e le lefelo le le kgakala mo motseng, jaanong e le motsethoko o o ka nnang dikilometara di le masome mabedi–masome mabedi le borataro kwa bokone jwa [[Johannesburg]], mo kgaolong ya [[Sandton]]. Ka 1961, setsha seno se ne sa rekwa ke [[Arthur Goldreich]] le [[Harold Wolpe]] ka madi go tswa kwa Mokgatlhong wa Bokomonisi wa Aforika Borwa o o neng o le mo sephiring, go dirisiwa jaaka [[ntlo e e babalesegileng]] ya batshabi ba sepolotiki. Goldreich o ne a nna koo le mosadi wa gagwe wa nako eo e bong Hazel le barwa ba bone ba babedi, e bong Nicholas le Paul. Ka e le Maaforika Borwa a basweu mo lefelong le le beetsweng batho basweu, ga ba a ka ba ngoka kelethoko, mme ba ne ba neelana ka khurumetso go balweladitshwanelo ba bantsho ba ba kgatlhanong le tlhaolele.<ref name=":2">Munro, Kathy (14 September 2021). [https://www.theheritageportal.co.za/article/liliesleaf-making-case-survival "Liliesleaf – Making a case for survival"]. ''The Heritage Portal''. Retrieved Lwetse a le malatsi matlhano, 2026.</ref> E ne ya bonwa ka nako e go neng go na le phetogo ya tsepamisomogopolo le maano mo teng ga mokgatlho wa kgololesego, go tswa mo kganelong e e sa direng sepe go ya kwa kgaratlhong e e tlhometseng, fa [[uMkhonto we Sizwe]] (MK) e ne e tlhongwa. Go ise go ye kae Liliesleaf e ne ya nna ntlokgolo ya MK.<ref name=":0">Jackson, Clinton (12 September 2016). [https://web.archive.org/web/20230730111405/https://sahris.sahra.org.za/node/369306 "Gradings: Site Reference: 9/2/228/0221"]. ''[[:en:SAHRA|SAHRA]]''. Archived from [https://sahris.sahra.org.za/node/369306 the original] on 30 July 2023. Retrieved Lwetse a le malatsi matlhano, 2026.</ref> Moeteledipele wa African National Congress [[Nelson Mandela]] o ne a tlhoka lefelo le le babalesegileng le a neng a ka dira go tswa mo go lone, mme a nna koo ka fa tlase ga boitshupo jo bo tsewang jaaka modiri wa polase yo o bidiwang David Motsamayi, e leng leina la mongwe wa bareki ba gagwe ba pele. Le fa go ntse jalo o ne a tshwarwa kwa [[Howick]] ka Phatwe 1962 ka ditatofatso tse di sa amaneng (go tlhotlheletsa badiri go ngala tiro, le go tswa mo Aforika Borwa ntle le dipampiri tse di amogelesegang tsa mosepele).<ref>[https://www.nelsonmandela.org/news/entry/passports-tell-a-story "Passports tell a story – Nelson Mandela Foundation"]. ''Nelson Mandela Foundation''. 4 March 2008. Retrieved Lwetse a le malatsi matlhano, 2026.</ref><ref name=":1">Meredith, Martin (2010). ''[[iarchive:mandelabiography0000mere|Mandela : a Biography]]''. PublicAffairs. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-58648-832-1|978-1-58648-832-1]]</bdi>. Retrieved Lwetse a le malatsi matlhano, 2026 &#x2013; via [[:en:Internet_Archive|Internet Archive]].</ref> Ba bangwe ba ba neng ba kopana mo sephiring kwa Liliesleaf ba ne ba akaretsa [[Walter Sisulu]], [[Govan Mbeki]], [[Ahmed Kathrada]], [[Denis Goldberg]], [[Raymond Mhlaba]], [[Elias Motsoaledi]], [[Andrew Mlangeni]], [[James Kantor]], [[Ruth First]], [[Joe Slovo]], le [[Lionel Bernstein]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081225182915/http://liliesleaf.co.za/pb_what_happened.php "What happened at Liliesleaf Farm?".] ''Liliesleaf''. Archived from [http://liliesleaf.co.za/pb_what_happened.php the original] on 25 December 2008.</ref> MK e ne ya simolola [[Operation O Mayibuye]] (e e bidiwang Operation Mayibuye) go tswa kwa Liliesleaf.<ref name=":0" /> Ka Phukwi a le lesome le motso 1963, mapodisi a tshireletso a ne a tlhasela polase mme a tshwara maloko a le lesome le boferabonwe a sephiri, moragonyana a latofatsa le go sekisa palo ya bone ka go senya. Mapodisi a ne a utlwile ka lefelo leno go tswa mo metsweding e mebedi: George Mellis, yo o neng a nna gaufi le lefelo le kwa Rivonia Caravan Park, o ne a lemoga dikoloi di le mmalwa di tsena le go tswa mo lefelong la polase mme a bolelela ba lelapa la gagwe; le tshedimosetso ya mapodisi kwa MK. Balweladitshwanelo ba ne ba ntse ba kopanela mo phaposing e e ruletsweng ka bojang mme ba ne ba gakgamaditswe ke go tlhaselwa. Ba ne ba setse ba dirile tshwetso pele ga nako ya go fudugela kwa ntlong e nngwe e e babalesegileng, mme Phukwi a le lesome le motso e ne e le kopano ya bone ya bofelo kwa Liliesleaf.<ref>[[:en:Denis_Goldberg|Goldberg, Denis]] (2016). ''A Life for Freedom''. University Press of Kentucky. p.&#x20;86.</ref> Mapodisi a ne a bona dipampiri ka nako ya phuruphutsho tse di neng di pega Mandela molato, ka jalo o ne a latofadiwa mme a tlisiwa kwa tshekong le ba bangwe.<ref name=":1" /> Tsheko, e e neng ya simolola ka Phalane 1963 go fitlha ka Seetebosigo 1964, e ne ya khutla ka Mandela le baeteledipele ba bangwe ba ba tlhageletseng, go akaretsa Sisulu, Govan Mbeki, Kathrada, Goldberg, Mhlaba, Motsoaledi, le Mlangeni ba bonwa molato mme ba atlholelwa botshelo jotlhe mo kgolegelong.<ref name=":0" /> == Lefelo le jaaka motlobo wa ditso == Lelapa la ga Schreider le ne la reka polasei morago ga go tlhaselwa mme ya fetoga ntlo ya baeng. Le fa go ntse jalo, morago ga go kopana gape ga basekisiwa mo Tshekong ya Rivonia e e neng e tshwerwe ka 2001, Nicholas Wolpe (morwa Harold Wolpe le setlogolo sa ga James Kantor) o ne a swetsa go tlhoma trust e e neng e tla nna mong wa lefelo leno le go le tsamaisa le go dira motlobo wa ditso wa dikokomane tse di tlang.<ref>Steyn, Daniel (22 June 2022). [https://www.news24.com/news24/southafrica/news/question-mark-over-future-of-historic-liliesleaf-farm-20220622 "Question mark over future of historic Liliesleaf Farm"]. ''News24''. Retrieved malatsi a matlhano, 2026.</ref> Kgato ya ntlha ya go e tsosolosa e simolotse ka 2008.<ref>[https://www.southafrica.net/gl/en/travel/article/liliesleaf-farm "Liliesleaf Farm"]. ''South African Tourism''.</ref> Go ne ga tlhamiwa dipontsho, mme ga agiwa khefi, mmogo le marobalo a bosigo, lefelo la dikopano le dikago tse dingwe tse di farologaneng. E ne ya amogelwa ke [[Puso ya Aforika Borwa]] (e e neng e eteletswe pele ke ANC morago ga gore ba tlhophiwe ka puso ya batho ka batho ka 1994) jaaka letlotlo la bosetšhaba, la botlhokwa mo ditsong tsa ANC le [[kgaratlho ya kgololesego]] ya Aforika Borwa ka bobedi. Go tloga ka 2008 [[Lephata la Metshameko, Bodiragatsi le Setso]] le ba ba tlileng pele ga lone ba ne ba tlamela ka madi a a fetang didikadike tsa diranta di le masome a supa go le tlhokomela.<ref name=":2" /> == Metswedi == 8mw780a9s7irk1s0sz2hls6pihumbsx 54482 54481 2026-09-05T21:59:38Z KatieKea 10150 /* Lefelo le jaaka motlobo wa ditso */ ke ranotse karolo e le go tsenya metswedi 54482 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Liliesleaf hut1.jpg|thumb|Phaposi e e ruletsweng ka bojang kwa Polaseng ya Liliesleaf]] '''Polase ya Liliesleaf''', gape e kwalwa e le '''Lilliesleaf''' mme gape e itsege fela jaaka '''Liliesleaf''', ke lefelo le le kwa bokone jwa [[Johannesburg]], Aforika Borwa, le le itsegeng thata ka tiriso ya lone jaaka ntlo e e babalesegileng ya balweladitshwanelo tsa [[African National Congress]] (ANC) ka dingwaga tsa [[Tlhaolele mo Aforika Borwa|tlhaolele]] ka dingwaga tsa bo 1960. Ka 1963, mapodisi a Aforika Borwa a ne a tlhasela polase e, a tshwara baeteledipele le balweladitshwanelo ba ANC ba feta lesome le bobedi, ba morago ba neng ba sekisiwa ka nako ya [[Tsheko ya Rivonia]]. Morago ga bokhutlo jwa tlhaolele, setsha seno se ne sa tsosolosiwa mme sa fetolwa go nna motlobo wa ditso le [[lefelo la boswa jwa bosetšhaba]]. E ne e tswaletswe baeng ka Lwetse 2021, mme go ne go rulagantswe gore e bulwe gape morago ga ngwaga. == Ditso == Ntlo ya polasei e mo George Avenue kwa [[Rivonia]], e e kileng ya bo e le lefelo le le kgakala mo motseng, jaanong e le motsethoko o o ka nnang dikilometara di le masome mabedi–masome mabedi le borataro kwa bokone jwa [[Johannesburg]], mo kgaolong ya [[Sandton]]. Ka 1961, setsha seno se ne sa rekwa ke [[Arthur Goldreich]] le [[Harold Wolpe]] ka madi go tswa kwa Mokgatlhong wa Bokomonisi wa Aforika Borwa o o neng o le mo sephiring, go dirisiwa jaaka [[ntlo e e babalesegileng]] ya batshabi ba sepolotiki. Goldreich o ne a nna koo le mosadi wa gagwe wa nako eo e bong Hazel le barwa ba bone ba babedi, e bong Nicholas le Paul. Ka e le Maaforika Borwa a basweu mo lefelong le le beetsweng batho basweu, ga ba a ka ba ngoka kelethoko, mme ba ne ba neelana ka khurumetso go balweladitshwanelo ba bantsho ba ba kgatlhanong le tlhaolele.<ref name=":2">Munro, Kathy (14 September 2021). [https://www.theheritageportal.co.za/article/liliesleaf-making-case-survival "Liliesleaf – Making a case for survival"]. ''The Heritage Portal''. Retrieved Lwetse a le malatsi matlhano, 2026.</ref> E ne ya bonwa ka nako e go neng go na le phetogo ya tsepamisomogopolo le maano mo teng ga mokgatlho wa kgololesego, go tswa mo kganelong e e sa direng sepe go ya kwa kgaratlhong e e tlhometseng, fa [[uMkhonto we Sizwe]] (MK) e ne e tlhongwa. Go ise go ye kae Liliesleaf e ne ya nna ntlokgolo ya MK.<ref name=":0">Jackson, Clinton (12 September 2016). [https://web.archive.org/web/20230730111405/https://sahris.sahra.org.za/node/369306 "Gradings: Site Reference: 9/2/228/0221"]. ''[[:en:SAHRA|SAHRA]]''. Archived from [https://sahris.sahra.org.za/node/369306 the original] on 30 July 2023. Retrieved Lwetse a le malatsi matlhano, 2026.</ref> Moeteledipele wa African National Congress [[Nelson Mandela]] o ne a tlhoka lefelo le le babalesegileng le a neng a ka dira go tswa mo go lone, mme a nna koo ka fa tlase ga boitshupo jo bo tsewang jaaka modiri wa polase yo o bidiwang David Motsamayi, e leng leina la mongwe wa bareki ba gagwe ba pele. Le fa go ntse jalo o ne a tshwarwa kwa [[Howick]] ka Phatwe 1962 ka ditatofatso tse di sa amaneng (go tlhotlheletsa badiri go ngala tiro, le go tswa mo Aforika Borwa ntle le dipampiri tse di amogelesegang tsa mosepele).<ref>[https://www.nelsonmandela.org/news/entry/passports-tell-a-story "Passports tell a story – Nelson Mandela Foundation"]. ''Nelson Mandela Foundation''. 4 March 2008. Retrieved Lwetse a le malatsi matlhano, 2026.</ref><ref name=":1">Meredith, Martin (2010). ''[[iarchive:mandelabiography0000mere|Mandela : a Biography]]''. PublicAffairs. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-58648-832-1|978-1-58648-832-1]]</bdi>. Retrieved Lwetse a le malatsi matlhano, 2026 &#x2013; via [[:en:Internet_Archive|Internet Archive]].</ref> Ba bangwe ba ba neng ba kopana mo sephiring kwa Liliesleaf ba ne ba akaretsa [[Walter Sisulu]], [[Govan Mbeki]], [[Ahmed Kathrada]], [[Denis Goldberg]], [[Raymond Mhlaba]], [[Elias Motsoaledi]], [[Andrew Mlangeni]], [[James Kantor]], [[Ruth First]], [[Joe Slovo]], le [[Lionel Bernstein]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081225182915/http://liliesleaf.co.za/pb_what_happened.php "What happened at Liliesleaf Farm?".] ''Liliesleaf''. Archived from [http://liliesleaf.co.za/pb_what_happened.php the original] on 25 December 2008.</ref> MK e ne ya simolola [[Operation O Mayibuye]] (e e bidiwang Operation Mayibuye) go tswa kwa Liliesleaf.<ref name=":0" /> Ka Phukwi a le lesome le motso 1963, mapodisi a tshireletso a ne a tlhasela polase mme a tshwara maloko a le lesome le boferabonwe a sephiri, moragonyana a latofatsa le go sekisa palo ya bone ka go senya. Mapodisi a ne a utlwile ka lefelo leno go tswa mo metsweding e mebedi: George Mellis, yo o neng a nna gaufi le lefelo le kwa Rivonia Caravan Park, o ne a lemoga dikoloi di le mmalwa di tsena le go tswa mo lefelong la polase mme a bolelela ba lelapa la gagwe; le tshedimosetso ya mapodisi kwa MK. Balweladitshwanelo ba ne ba ntse ba kopanela mo phaposing e e ruletsweng ka bojang mme ba ne ba gakgamaditswe ke go tlhaselwa. Ba ne ba setse ba dirile tshwetso pele ga nako ya go fudugela kwa ntlong e nngwe e e babalesegileng, mme Phukwi a le lesome le motso e ne e le kopano ya bone ya bofelo kwa Liliesleaf.<ref>[[:en:Denis_Goldberg|Goldberg, Denis]] (2016). ''A Life for Freedom''. University Press of Kentucky. p.&#x20;86.</ref> Mapodisi a ne a bona dipampiri ka nako ya phuruphutsho tse di neng di pega Mandela molato, ka jalo o ne a latofadiwa mme a tlisiwa kwa tshekong le ba bangwe.<ref name=":1" /> Tsheko, e e neng ya simolola ka Phalane 1963 go fitlha ka Seetebosigo 1964, e ne ya khutla ka Mandela le baeteledipele ba bangwe ba ba tlhageletseng, go akaretsa Sisulu, Govan Mbeki, Kathrada, Goldberg, Mhlaba, Motsoaledi, le Mlangeni ba bonwa molato mme ba atlholelwa botshelo jotlhe mo kgolegelong.<ref name=":0" /> == Lefelo le jaaka motlobo wa ditso == Lelapa la ga Schreider le ne la reka polasei morago ga go tlhaselwa mme ya fetoga ntlo ya baeng. Le fa go ntse jalo, morago ga go kopana gape ga basekisiwa mo Tshekong ya Rivonia e e neng e tshwerwe ka 2001, Nicholas Wolpe (morwa Harold Wolpe le setlogolo sa ga James Kantor) o ne a swetsa go tlhoma trust e e neng e tla nna mong wa lefelo leno le go le tsamaisa le go dira motlobo wa ditso wa dikokomane tse di tlang.<ref name=":3">Steyn, Daniel (22 June 2022). [https://www.news24.com/news24/southafrica/news/question-mark-over-future-of-historic-liliesleaf-farm-20220622 "Question mark over future of historic Liliesleaf Farm"]. ''News24''. Retrieved malatsi a matlhano, 2026.</ref> Kgato ya ntlha ya go e tsosolosa e simolotse ka 2008.<ref>[https://www.southafrica.net/gl/en/travel/article/liliesleaf-farm "Liliesleaf Farm"]. ''South African Tourism''.</ref> Go ne ga tlhamiwa dipontsho, mme ga agiwa khefi, mmogo le marobalo a bosigo, lefelo la dikopano le dikago tse dingwe tse di farologaneng. E ne ya amogelwa ke [[Puso ya Aforika Borwa]] (e e neng e eteletswe pele ke ANC morago ga gore ba tlhophiwe ka puso ya batho ka batho ka 1994) jaaka letlotlo la bosetšhaba, la botlhokwa mo ditsong tsa ANC le [[kgaratlho ya kgololesego]] ya Aforika Borwa ka bobedi. Go tloga ka 2008 [[Lephata la Metshameko, Bodiragatsi le Setso]] le ba ba tlileng pele ga lone ba ne ba tlamela ka madi a a fetang didikadike tsa diranta di le masome a supa go le tlhokomela.<ref name=":2" /> Ka Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le bone ka 2014 e ne ya itsisiwe gore e kwadilwe jaaka lefelo la Mophato wantlha.<ref name=":0" /> Lefelo leno le ne la tlhophiwa go nna Lefelo la Boswa jwa Lefatshe,<ref name=":3" /> jaaka lengwe la setlhopha se se bidiwang "Ditshwanelo tsa Sdetho, Kgaratlho ya Kgololesego le Poelano: Mafelo a Boswa jwa ga Nelson Mandela", ka 2015.<ref>Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. [https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/6051/ "Human Rights, Liberation Struggle and Reconciliation: Nelson Mandela Legacy Sites"]. ''UNESCO World Heritage Centre''. Retrieved Lwetse a le malatsi matlhano, 2026.</ref> Ka Lwetse a le malatsi a mabedi ka 2016 Liliesleaf e ne ya itsisiwe jaaka [[lefelo la boswa jwa bosetšhaba]] mo ''[[Outh African Government Gazette|South African Government Gazette]]''.<ref name="nhs2016" /><ref name=":3" /> Lefelo leno e ne e le la Liliesleaf Trust, mme le tsamaisiwa ke Nicholas Wolpe,<ref name=":3" /> mothei le Mokhuduthamaga wa trust, go fitlha ka 2021. Go tloga ka 2008 go fitlha fa e tswalwa ka 2021, ka nako ya [[COVID-19|leroborobo la COVID-19]], [[Lephata la Metshameko, Bodiragatsi le Setso]] le ne la tlamela ka madi a a fetang di dikadike di le masome a supa tsa diranta go le tlhokomela.<ref name=":2" /> Le fa go ntse jalo, motlobo ono o ne wa tswalwa ka Lwetse 2021, ka nako ya [[COVID-19|leroborobo la COVID-19]], e leng tshwetso e e dirilweng ke Mokhuduthamaga kwantle ga go buisana le boto. Lephata le rile Wolpe ga a dirisa R 8.1 milione ya thebolelo ya matlole e e neng ya newa Liliesleaf ka 2015, le gore ba tla bo ba e tsaya. (Go bonala e ne e tshwanetse go dirisiwa mo ditshenyegelong tsa matlotlo, mme Wolpe o ne a e dirisa mo ditshenyegelong tsa go tsamaisa.<ref name=":2" />) Ka Mopitlo a le some ka 2022, boto e ne ya emisa Wolpe, mme go bulwa gape ga Liliesleaf go ne go rulaganyeditswe go diragala ka Lwetse 2022. Tona wa Lephata la Metshameko, Bodiragatsi le Setso [[Nathi Mthethwa]] o ne a re tsela ya go itsise Motlobo wa Liliesleaf "jaaka setheo sa setso go ya ka Molao wa Ditheo tsa Setso". Seno se ne se tla dira gore [[Palamente]] e kgone go okamela motlobo. Go ne go na le matshwenyego a gore go na le maitlhomo a sepolotiki mo go diriseng motlobo go rotloetsa ANC, fela leloko la boto Themba Wakashe o ne a re ga a kitla a letla seno go diragala, ka e le lefelo la maAforika Borwa otlhe.<ref name=":3" /> == Dilo tsa Botaki == Motlobo o na le dilo tse dintsi tse di botlhokwa tsa ditso, go akaretsa le copy ya ntlha ya [[Freedom Charter]], [[lekwalo la go tshwarwa]] la ga Mandela, le [[tlhobolo ya pene]] ya ga [[Oliver Tambo]].<ref name=":3" /> == Metswedi == 43ucwe5wy2yq4xka39q5ew901gaxok2 54483 54482 2026-09-05T22:02:50Z KatieKea 10150 ke tsentse dikarolo 54483 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Liliesleaf hut1.jpg|thumb|Phaposi e e ruletsweng ka bojang kwa Polaseng ya Liliesleaf]] '''Polase ya Liliesleaf''', gape e kwalwa e le '''Lilliesleaf''' mme gape e itsege fela jaaka '''Liliesleaf''', ke lefelo le le kwa bokone jwa [[Johannesburg]], Aforika Borwa, le le itsegeng thata ka tiriso ya lone jaaka ntlo e e babalesegileng ya balweladitshwanelo tsa [[African National Congress]] (ANC) ka dingwaga tsa [[Tlhaolele mo Aforika Borwa|tlhaolele]] ka dingwaga tsa bo 1960. Ka 1963, mapodisi a Aforika Borwa a ne a tlhasela polase e, a tshwara baeteledipele le balweladitshwanelo ba ANC ba feta lesome le bobedi, ba morago ba neng ba sekisiwa ka nako ya [[Tsheko ya Rivonia]]. Morago ga bokhutlo jwa tlhaolele, setsha seno se ne sa tsosolosiwa mme sa fetolwa go nna motlobo wa ditso le [[lefelo la boswa jwa bosetšhaba]]. E ne e tswaletswe baeng ka Lwetse 2021, mme go ne go rulagantswe gore e bulwe gape morago ga ngwaga. == Ditso == Ntlo ya polasei e mo George Avenue kwa [[Rivonia]], e e kileng ya bo e le lefelo le le kgakala mo motseng, jaanong e le motsethoko o o ka nnang dikilometara di le masome mabedi–masome mabedi le borataro kwa bokone jwa [[Johannesburg]], mo kgaolong ya [[Sandton]]. Ka 1961, setsha seno se ne sa rekwa ke [[Arthur Goldreich]] le [[Harold Wolpe]] ka madi go tswa kwa Mokgatlhong wa Bokomonisi wa Aforika Borwa o o neng o le mo sephiring, go dirisiwa jaaka [[ntlo e e babalesegileng]] ya batshabi ba sepolotiki. Goldreich o ne a nna koo le mosadi wa gagwe wa nako eo e bong Hazel le barwa ba bone ba babedi, e bong Nicholas le Paul. Ka e le Maaforika Borwa a basweu mo lefelong le le beetsweng batho basweu, ga ba a ka ba ngoka kelethoko, mme ba ne ba neelana ka khurumetso go balweladitshwanelo ba bantsho ba ba kgatlhanong le tlhaolele.<ref name=":2">Munro, Kathy (14 September 2021). [https://www.theheritageportal.co.za/article/liliesleaf-making-case-survival "Liliesleaf – Making a case for survival"]. ''The Heritage Portal''. Retrieved Lwetse a le malatsi matlhano, 2026.</ref> E ne ya bonwa ka nako e go neng go na le phetogo ya tsepamisomogopolo le maano mo teng ga mokgatlho wa kgololesego, go tswa mo kganelong e e sa direng sepe go ya kwa kgaratlhong e e tlhometseng, fa [[uMkhonto we Sizwe]] (MK) e ne e tlhongwa. Go ise go ye kae Liliesleaf e ne ya nna ntlokgolo ya MK.<ref name=":0">Jackson, Clinton (12 September 2016). [https://web.archive.org/web/20230730111405/https://sahris.sahra.org.za/node/369306 "Gradings: Site Reference: 9/2/228/0221"]. ''[[:en:SAHRA|SAHRA]]''. Archived from [https://sahris.sahra.org.za/node/369306 the original] on 30 July 2023. Retrieved Lwetse a le malatsi matlhano, 2026.</ref> Moeteledipele wa African National Congress [[Nelson Mandela]] o ne a tlhoka lefelo le le babalesegileng le a neng a ka dira go tswa mo go lone, mme a nna koo ka fa tlase ga boitshupo jo bo tsewang jaaka modiri wa polase yo o bidiwang David Motsamayi, e leng leina la mongwe wa bareki ba gagwe ba pele. Le fa go ntse jalo o ne a tshwarwa kwa [[Howick]] ka Phatwe 1962 ka ditatofatso tse di sa amaneng (go tlhotlheletsa badiri go ngala tiro, le go tswa mo Aforika Borwa ntle le dipampiri tse di amogelesegang tsa mosepele).<ref>[https://www.nelsonmandela.org/news/entry/passports-tell-a-story "Passports tell a story – Nelson Mandela Foundation"]. ''Nelson Mandela Foundation''. 4 March 2008. Retrieved Lwetse a le malatsi matlhano, 2026.</ref><ref name=":1">Meredith, Martin (2010). ''[[iarchive:mandelabiography0000mere|Mandela : a Biography]]''. PublicAffairs. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-58648-832-1|978-1-58648-832-1]]</bdi>. Retrieved Lwetse a le malatsi matlhano, 2026 &#x2013; via [[:en:Internet_Archive|Internet Archive]].</ref> Ba bangwe ba ba neng ba kopana mo sephiring kwa Liliesleaf ba ne ba akaretsa [[Walter Sisulu]], [[Govan Mbeki]], [[Ahmed Kathrada]], [[Denis Goldberg]], [[Raymond Mhlaba]], [[Elias Motsoaledi]], [[Andrew Mlangeni]], [[James Kantor]], [[Ruth First]], [[Joe Slovo]], le [[Lionel Bernstein]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081225182915/http://liliesleaf.co.za/pb_what_happened.php "What happened at Liliesleaf Farm?".] ''Liliesleaf''. Archived from [http://liliesleaf.co.za/pb_what_happened.php the original] on 25 December 2008.</ref> MK e ne ya simolola [[Operation O Mayibuye]] (e e bidiwang Operation Mayibuye) go tswa kwa Liliesleaf.<ref name=":0" /> Ka Phukwi a le lesome le motso 1963, mapodisi a tshireletso a ne a tlhasela polase mme a tshwara maloko a le lesome le boferabonwe a sephiri, moragonyana a latofatsa le go sekisa palo ya bone ka go senya. Mapodisi a ne a utlwile ka lefelo leno go tswa mo metsweding e mebedi: George Mellis, yo o neng a nna gaufi le lefelo le kwa Rivonia Caravan Park, o ne a lemoga dikoloi di le mmalwa di tsena le go tswa mo lefelong la polase mme a bolelela ba lelapa la gagwe; le tshedimosetso ya mapodisi kwa MK. Balweladitshwanelo ba ne ba ntse ba kopanela mo phaposing e e ruletsweng ka bojang mme ba ne ba gakgamaditswe ke go tlhaselwa. Ba ne ba setse ba dirile tshwetso pele ga nako ya go fudugela kwa ntlong e nngwe e e babalesegileng, mme Phukwi a le lesome le motso e ne e le kopano ya bone ya bofelo kwa Liliesleaf.<ref>[[:en:Denis_Goldberg|Goldberg, Denis]] (2016). ''A Life for Freedom''. University Press of Kentucky. p.&#x20;86.</ref> Mapodisi a ne a bona dipampiri ka nako ya phuruphutsho tse di neng di pega Mandela molato, ka jalo o ne a latofadiwa mme a tlisiwa kwa tshekong le ba bangwe.<ref name=":1" /> Tsheko, e e neng ya simolola ka Phalane 1963 go fitlha ka Seetebosigo 1964, e ne ya khutla ka Mandela le baeteledipele ba bangwe ba ba tlhageletseng, go akaretsa Sisulu, Govan Mbeki, Kathrada, Goldberg, Mhlaba, Motsoaledi, le Mlangeni ba bonwa molato mme ba atlholelwa botshelo jotlhe mo kgolegelong.<ref name=":0" /> == Lefelo le jaaka motlobo wa ditso == Lelapa la ga Schreider le ne la reka polasei morago ga go tlhaselwa mme ya fetoga ntlo ya baeng. Le fa go ntse jalo, morago ga go kopana gape ga basekisiwa mo Tshekong ya Rivonia e e neng e tshwerwe ka 2001, Nicholas Wolpe (morwa Harold Wolpe le setlogolo sa ga James Kantor) o ne a swetsa go tlhoma trust e e neng e tla nna mong wa lefelo leno le go le tsamaisa le go dira motlobo wa ditso wa dikokomane tse di tlang.<ref name=":3">Steyn, Daniel (22 June 2022). [https://www.news24.com/news24/southafrica/news/question-mark-over-future-of-historic-liliesleaf-farm-20220622 "Question mark over future of historic Liliesleaf Farm"]. ''News24''. Retrieved malatsi a matlhano, 2026.</ref> Kgato ya ntlha ya go e tsosolosa e simolotse ka 2008.<ref>[https://www.southafrica.net/gl/en/travel/article/liliesleaf-farm "Liliesleaf Farm"]. ''South African Tourism''.</ref> Go ne ga tlhamiwa dipontsho, mme ga agiwa khefi, mmogo le marobalo a bosigo, lefelo la dikopano le dikago tse dingwe tse di farologaneng. E ne ya amogelwa ke [[Puso ya Aforika Borwa]] (e e neng e eteletswe pele ke ANC morago ga gore ba tlhophiwe ka puso ya batho ka batho ka 1994) jaaka letlotlo la bosetšhaba, la botlhokwa mo ditsong tsa ANC le [[kgaratlho ya kgololesego]] ya Aforika Borwa ka bobedi. Go tloga ka 2008 [[Lephata la Metshameko, Bodiragatsi le Setso]] le ba ba tlileng pele ga lone ba ne ba tlamela ka madi a a fetang didikadike tsa diranta di le masome a supa go le tlhokomela.<ref name=":2" /> Ka Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le bone ka 2014 e ne ya itsisiwe gore e kwadilwe jaaka lefelo la Mophato wantlha.<ref name=":0" /> Lefelo leno le ne la tlhophiwa go nna Lefelo la Boswa jwa Lefatshe,<ref name=":3" /> jaaka lengwe la setlhopha se se bidiwang "Ditshwanelo tsa Sdetho, Kgaratlho ya Kgololesego le Poelano: Mafelo a Boswa jwa ga Nelson Mandela", ka 2015.<ref>Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. [https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/6051/ "Human Rights, Liberation Struggle and Reconciliation: Nelson Mandela Legacy Sites"]. ''UNESCO World Heritage Centre''. Retrieved Lwetse a le malatsi matlhano, 2026.</ref> Ka Lwetse a le malatsi a mabedi ka 2016 Liliesleaf e ne ya itsisiwe jaaka [[lefelo la boswa jwa bosetšhaba]] mo ''[[Outh African Government Gazette|South African Government Gazette]]''.<ref>Njemla, Nobukho (20 March 2009). [https://sahris.sahra.org.za/sites/922280221 "9/2/228/0221"]. ''[[:en:SAHRA|SAHRA]]''. Retrieved Lwetse a le malatsi matlhano ka 2026.</ref><ref name=":3" /> Lefelo leno e ne e le la Liliesleaf Trust, mme le tsamaisiwa ke Nicholas Wolpe,<ref name=":3" /> mothei le Mokhuduthamaga wa trust, go fitlha ka 2021. Go tloga ka 2008 go fitlha fa e tswalwa ka 2021, ka nako ya [[COVID-19|leroborobo la COVID-19]], [[Lephata la Metshameko, Bodiragatsi le Setso]] le ne la tlamela ka madi a a fetang di dikadike di le masome a supa tsa diranta go le tlhokomela.<ref name=":2" /> Le fa go ntse jalo, motlobo ono o ne wa tswalwa ka Lwetse 2021, ka nako ya [[COVID-19|leroborobo la COVID-19]], e leng tshwetso e e dirilweng ke Mokhuduthamaga kwantle ga go buisana le boto. Lephata le rile Wolpe ga a dirisa R 8.1 milione ya thebolelo ya matlole e e neng ya newa Liliesleaf ka 2015, le gore ba tla bo ba e tsaya. (Go bonala e ne e tshwanetse go dirisiwa mo ditshenyegelong tsa matlotlo, mme Wolpe o ne a e dirisa mo ditshenyegelong tsa go tsamaisa.<ref name=":2" />) Ka Mopitlo a le some ka 2022, boto e ne ya emisa Wolpe, mme go bulwa gape ga Liliesleaf go ne go rulaganyeditswe go diragala ka Lwetse 2022. Tona wa Lephata la Metshameko, Bodiragatsi le Setso [[Nathi Mthethwa]] o ne a re tsela ya go itsise Motlobo wa Liliesleaf "jaaka setheo sa setso go ya ka Molao wa Ditheo tsa Setso". Seno se ne se tla dira gore [[Palamente]] e kgone go okamela motlobo. Go ne go na le matshwenyego a gore go na le maitlhomo a sepolotiki mo go diriseng motlobo go rotloetsa ANC, fela leloko la boto Themba Wakashe o ne a re ga a kitla a letla seno go diragala, ka e le lefelo la maAforika Borwa otlhe.<ref name=":3" /> == Dilo tsa Botaki == Motlobo o na le dilo tse dintsi tse di botlhokwa tsa ditso, go akaretsa le copy ya ntlha ya [[Freedom Charter]], [[lekwalo la go tshwarwa]] la ga Mandela, le [[tlhobolo ya pene]] ya ga [[Oliver Tambo]].<ref name=":3" /> == Metswedi == <references /> [[Karolo:Metlobo ya ditso ka ga tlhaolele]] [[Karolo:Metlobo ya ditso kwa Johannesburg]] [[Karolo:Metlobo ya ditso e e tlositsweng ka 2021]] g83d359w4h3z49b9n4com106rzdf5bl 54484 54483 2026-09-05T22:03:20Z KatieKea 10150 /* Ditso */ 54484 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Liliesleaf hut1.jpg|thumb|Phaposi e e ruletsweng ka bojang kwa Polaseng ya Liliesleaf]] '''Polase ya Liliesleaf''', gape e kwalwa e le '''Lilliesleaf''' mme gape e itsege fela jaaka '''Liliesleaf''', ke lefelo le le kwa bokone jwa [[Johannesburg]], Aforika Borwa, le le itsegeng thata ka tiriso ya lone jaaka ntlo e e babalesegileng ya balweladitshwanelo tsa [[African National Congress]] (ANC) ka dingwaga tsa [[Tlhaolele mo Aforika Borwa|tlhaolele]] ka dingwaga tsa bo 1960. Ka 1963, mapodisi a Aforika Borwa a ne a tlhasela polase e, a tshwara baeteledipele le balweladitshwanelo ba ANC ba feta lesome le bobedi, ba morago ba neng ba sekisiwa ka nako ya [[Tsheko ya Rivonia]]. Morago ga bokhutlo jwa tlhaolele, setsha seno se ne sa tsosolosiwa mme sa fetolwa go nna motlobo wa ditso le [[lefelo la boswa jwa bosetšhaba]]. E ne e tswaletswe baeng ka Lwetse 2021, mme go ne go rulagantswe gore e bulwe gape morago ga ngwaga. == Ditso == Ntlo ya polase e mo George Avenue kwa [[Rivonia]], e e kileng ya bo e le lefelo le le kgakala mo motseng, jaanong e le motsethoko o o ka nnang dikilometara di le masome mabedi–masome mabedi le borataro kwa bokone jwa [[Johannesburg]], mo kgaolong ya [[Sandton]]. Ka 1961, setsha seno se ne sa rekwa ke [[Arthur Goldreich]] le [[Harold Wolpe]] ka madi go tswa kwa Mokgatlhong wa Bokomonisi wa Aforika Borwa o o neng o le mo sephiring, go dirisiwa jaaka [[ntlo e e babalesegileng]] ya batshabi ba sepolotiki. Goldreich o ne a nna koo le mosadi wa gagwe wa nako eo e bong Hazel le barwa ba bone ba babedi, e bong Nicholas le Paul. Ka e le Maaforika Borwa a basweu mo lefelong le le beetsweng batho basweu, ga ba a ka ba ngoka kelethoko, mme ba ne ba neelana ka khurumetso go balweladitshwanelo ba bantsho ba ba kgatlhanong le tlhaolele.<ref name=":2">Munro, Kathy (14 September 2021). [https://www.theheritageportal.co.za/article/liliesleaf-making-case-survival "Liliesleaf – Making a case for survival"]. ''The Heritage Portal''. Retrieved Lwetse a le malatsi matlhano, 2026.</ref> E ne ya bonwa ka nako e go neng go na le phetogo ya tsepamisomogopolo le maano mo teng ga mokgatlho wa kgololesego, go tswa mo kganelong e e sa direng sepe go ya kwa kgaratlhong e e tlhometseng, fa [[uMkhonto we Sizwe]] (MK) e ne e tlhongwa. Go ise go ye kae Liliesleaf e ne ya nna ntlokgolo ya MK.<ref name=":0">Jackson, Clinton (12 September 2016). [https://web.archive.org/web/20230730111405/https://sahris.sahra.org.za/node/369306 "Gradings: Site Reference: 9/2/228/0221"]. ''[[:en:SAHRA|SAHRA]]''. Archived from [https://sahris.sahra.org.za/node/369306 the original] on 30 July 2023. Retrieved Lwetse a le malatsi matlhano, 2026.</ref> Moeteledipele wa African National Congress [[Nelson Mandela]] o ne a tlhoka lefelo le le babalesegileng le a neng a ka dira go tswa mo go lone, mme a nna koo ka fa tlase ga boitshupo jo bo tsewang jaaka modiri wa polase yo o bidiwang David Motsamayi, e leng leina la mongwe wa bareki ba gagwe ba pele. Le fa go ntse jalo o ne a tshwarwa kwa [[Howick]] ka Phatwe 1962 ka ditatofatso tse di sa amaneng (go tlhotlheletsa badiri go ngala tiro, le go tswa mo Aforika Borwa ntle le dipampiri tse di amogelesegang tsa mosepele).<ref>[https://www.nelsonmandela.org/news/entry/passports-tell-a-story "Passports tell a story – Nelson Mandela Foundation"]. ''Nelson Mandela Foundation''. 4 March 2008. Retrieved Lwetse a le malatsi matlhano, 2026.</ref><ref name=":1">Meredith, Martin (2010). ''[[iarchive:mandelabiography0000mere|Mandela : a Biography]]''. PublicAffairs. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-58648-832-1|978-1-58648-832-1]]</bdi>. Retrieved Lwetse a le malatsi matlhano, 2026 &#x2013; via [[:en:Internet_Archive|Internet Archive]].</ref> Ba bangwe ba ba neng ba kopana mo sephiring kwa Liliesleaf ba ne ba akaretsa [[Walter Sisulu]], [[Govan Mbeki]], [[Ahmed Kathrada]], [[Denis Goldberg]], [[Raymond Mhlaba]], [[Elias Motsoaledi]], [[Andrew Mlangeni]], [[James Kantor]], [[Ruth First]], [[Joe Slovo]], le [[Lionel Bernstein]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081225182915/http://liliesleaf.co.za/pb_what_happened.php "What happened at Liliesleaf Farm?".] ''Liliesleaf''. Archived from [http://liliesleaf.co.za/pb_what_happened.php the original] on 25 December 2008.</ref> MK e ne ya simolola [[Operation O Mayibuye]] (e e bidiwang Operation Mayibuye) go tswa kwa Liliesleaf.<ref name=":0" /> Ka Phukwi a le lesome le motso 1963, mapodisi a tshireletso a ne a tlhasela polase mme a tshwara maloko a le lesome le boferabonwe a sephiri, moragonyana a latofatsa le go sekisa palo ya bone ka go senya. Mapodisi a ne a utlwile ka lefelo leno go tswa mo metsweding e mebedi: George Mellis, yo o neng a nna gaufi le lefelo le kwa Rivonia Caravan Park, o ne a lemoga dikoloi di le mmalwa di tsena le go tswa mo lefelong la polase mme a bolelela ba lelapa la gagwe; le tshedimosetso ya mapodisi kwa MK. Balweladitshwanelo ba ne ba ntse ba kopanela mo phaposing e e ruletsweng ka bojang mme ba ne ba gakgamaditswe ke go tlhaselwa. Ba ne ba setse ba dirile tshwetso pele ga nako ya go fudugela kwa ntlong e nngwe e e babalesegileng, mme Phukwi a le lesome le motso e ne e le kopano ya bone ya bofelo kwa Liliesleaf.<ref>[[:en:Denis_Goldberg|Goldberg, Denis]] (2016). ''A Life for Freedom''. University Press of Kentucky. p.&#x20;86.</ref> Mapodisi a ne a bona dipampiri ka nako ya phuruphutsho tse di neng di pega Mandela molato, ka jalo o ne a latofadiwa mme a tlisiwa kwa tshekong le ba bangwe.<ref name=":1" /> Tsheko, e e neng ya simolola ka Phalane 1963 go fitlha ka Seetebosigo 1964, e ne ya khutla ka Mandela le baeteledipele ba bangwe ba ba tlhageletseng, go akaretsa Sisulu, Govan Mbeki, Kathrada, Goldberg, Mhlaba, Motsoaledi, le Mlangeni ba bonwa molato mme ba atlholelwa botshelo jotlhe mo kgolegelong.<ref name=":0" /> == Lefelo le jaaka motlobo wa ditso == Lelapa la ga Schreider le ne la reka polasei morago ga go tlhaselwa mme ya fetoga ntlo ya baeng. Le fa go ntse jalo, morago ga go kopana gape ga basekisiwa mo Tshekong ya Rivonia e e neng e tshwerwe ka 2001, Nicholas Wolpe (morwa Harold Wolpe le setlogolo sa ga James Kantor) o ne a swetsa go tlhoma trust e e neng e tla nna mong wa lefelo leno le go le tsamaisa le go dira motlobo wa ditso wa dikokomane tse di tlang.<ref name=":3">Steyn, Daniel (22 June 2022). [https://www.news24.com/news24/southafrica/news/question-mark-over-future-of-historic-liliesleaf-farm-20220622 "Question mark over future of historic Liliesleaf Farm"]. ''News24''. Retrieved malatsi a matlhano, 2026.</ref> Kgato ya ntlha ya go e tsosolosa e simolotse ka 2008.<ref>[https://www.southafrica.net/gl/en/travel/article/liliesleaf-farm "Liliesleaf Farm"]. ''South African Tourism''.</ref> Go ne ga tlhamiwa dipontsho, mme ga agiwa khefi, mmogo le marobalo a bosigo, lefelo la dikopano le dikago tse dingwe tse di farologaneng. E ne ya amogelwa ke [[Puso ya Aforika Borwa]] (e e neng e eteletswe pele ke ANC morago ga gore ba tlhophiwe ka puso ya batho ka batho ka 1994) jaaka letlotlo la bosetšhaba, la botlhokwa mo ditsong tsa ANC le [[kgaratlho ya kgololesego]] ya Aforika Borwa ka bobedi. Go tloga ka 2008 [[Lephata la Metshameko, Bodiragatsi le Setso]] le ba ba tlileng pele ga lone ba ne ba tlamela ka madi a a fetang didikadike tsa diranta di le masome a supa go le tlhokomela.<ref name=":2" /> Ka Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le bone ka 2014 e ne ya itsisiwe gore e kwadilwe jaaka lefelo la Mophato wantlha.<ref name=":0" /> Lefelo leno le ne la tlhophiwa go nna Lefelo la Boswa jwa Lefatshe,<ref name=":3" /> jaaka lengwe la setlhopha se se bidiwang "Ditshwanelo tsa Sdetho, Kgaratlho ya Kgololesego le Poelano: Mafelo a Boswa jwa ga Nelson Mandela", ka 2015.<ref>Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. [https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/6051/ "Human Rights, Liberation Struggle and Reconciliation: Nelson Mandela Legacy Sites"]. ''UNESCO World Heritage Centre''. Retrieved Lwetse a le malatsi matlhano, 2026.</ref> Ka Lwetse a le malatsi a mabedi ka 2016 Liliesleaf e ne ya itsisiwe jaaka [[lefelo la boswa jwa bosetšhaba]] mo ''[[Outh African Government Gazette|South African Government Gazette]]''.<ref>Njemla, Nobukho (20 March 2009). [https://sahris.sahra.org.za/sites/922280221 "9/2/228/0221"]. ''[[:en:SAHRA|SAHRA]]''. Retrieved Lwetse a le malatsi matlhano ka 2026.</ref><ref name=":3" /> Lefelo leno e ne e le la Liliesleaf Trust, mme le tsamaisiwa ke Nicholas Wolpe,<ref name=":3" /> mothei le Mokhuduthamaga wa trust, go fitlha ka 2021. Go tloga ka 2008 go fitlha fa e tswalwa ka 2021, ka nako ya [[COVID-19|leroborobo la COVID-19]], [[Lephata la Metshameko, Bodiragatsi le Setso]] le ne la tlamela ka madi a a fetang di dikadike di le masome a supa tsa diranta go le tlhokomela.<ref name=":2" /> Le fa go ntse jalo, motlobo ono o ne wa tswalwa ka Lwetse 2021, ka nako ya [[COVID-19|leroborobo la COVID-19]], e leng tshwetso e e dirilweng ke Mokhuduthamaga kwantle ga go buisana le boto. Lephata le rile Wolpe ga a dirisa R 8.1 milione ya thebolelo ya matlole e e neng ya newa Liliesleaf ka 2015, le gore ba tla bo ba e tsaya. (Go bonala e ne e tshwanetse go dirisiwa mo ditshenyegelong tsa matlotlo, mme Wolpe o ne a e dirisa mo ditshenyegelong tsa go tsamaisa.<ref name=":2" />) Ka Mopitlo a le some ka 2022, boto e ne ya emisa Wolpe, mme go bulwa gape ga Liliesleaf go ne go rulaganyeditswe go diragala ka Lwetse 2022. Tona wa Lephata la Metshameko, Bodiragatsi le Setso [[Nathi Mthethwa]] o ne a re tsela ya go itsise Motlobo wa Liliesleaf "jaaka setheo sa setso go ya ka Molao wa Ditheo tsa Setso". Seno se ne se tla dira gore [[Palamente]] e kgone go okamela motlobo. Go ne go na le matshwenyego a gore go na le maitlhomo a sepolotiki mo go diriseng motlobo go rotloetsa ANC, fela leloko la boto Themba Wakashe o ne a re ga a kitla a letla seno go diragala, ka e le lefelo la maAforika Borwa otlhe.<ref name=":3" /> == Dilo tsa Botaki == Motlobo o na le dilo tse dintsi tse di botlhokwa tsa ditso, go akaretsa le copy ya ntlha ya [[Freedom Charter]], [[lekwalo la go tshwarwa]] la ga Mandela, le [[tlhobolo ya pene]] ya ga [[Oliver Tambo]].<ref name=":3" /> == Metswedi == <references /> [[Karolo:Metlobo ya ditso ka ga tlhaolele]] [[Karolo:Metlobo ya ditso kwa Johannesburg]] [[Karolo:Metlobo ya ditso e e tlositsweng ka 2021]] kt5uyaidlcji88fjwsoeechqx1zvi6o