Wikipedia tnwiki https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsebe_ya_konokono MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.18 first-letter Pego Faphegileng Puisano Modirisi Puisano ya modirisi Wikipedia Puisano ya Wikipedia Setshwantsho Puisano ya setshwantsho MediaWiki Puisano ya MediaWiki Tempolete Puisano ya tempolete Thuso Puisano ya thuso Karolo Puisano ya karolo TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk Township Rollers F.C. 0 7607 54661 49698 2026-09-08T20:43:35Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 54661 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football club | clubname = Township Rollers | image = | fullname = Township Rollers Football Club | nickname = Popa, The Blues, Tse Tala, Mapalastina | founded = 1961 (jaaka Mighty Tigers) | ground = [[National Stadium (Botswana)|National Stadium]] | capacity = 22,500 | chairman = Walter Kgabung | manager = | league = [[Botswana Premier League]] | season = 2024–25 | position = 6th | website = http://www.rollersfc.com/ }} '''Township Rollers Football Club''' ke setlhopha sa kgwele ya dinao se se kwa [[Gaborone]], [[Botswana]]. Rollers e itsege gape ka maina a a kgethegileng jaaka '''Popa''', '''The Blues''' kgotsa '''Tse Tala''', e leng maina a semmuso a setlhopha. Setlhopha se gantsi se bidiwa '''Mapalastina''', leina le le tlhamilweng mo dingwageng tsa bo 1990 mme ga le ise le ko le amogelwe semmuso ke setlhopha. Rollers ke setlhopha se se atlegileng go gaisa tsotlhe mo ditsong tsa kgwele ya dinao ya Botswana, mme se fentseng dikgele tsa liki le dikgaisano tsa dikomiti go feta setlhopha sepe sa selegae. Se na le thotoetso e kgolo mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref name=":1">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Township_Rollers_F.C.</ref> == Ditso == Setlhopha se se tlhomilwe ka ngwaga wa 1961 ke badiri ba lephata la Public Works Department (PWD) la puso ya Bechuanaland Protectorate (Botswana ya nako ya bokolone). Kwa tshimologong ba ne ba se bitsa '''Mighty Tigers FC''', mme ka ngwaga wa 1965, leina le ne la fetolwa go nna Township Rollers Football Club.<ref name=":1"/> Leina la "Rollers" ke sesupo sa didirisiwa tse di neng di dirisiwa ke badiri ba PWD go kaba ditsela tse dintšha tsa motse-mogolo Gaborone. Rollers e na le kgotlhang ya segologolo le setlhopha sa [[Gaborone United]]. Motshameko fa gare ga ditlhopha tse tsoo-padi o bidiwa '''Gaborone Derby'''.<ref name=":1"/> == Letshwao (Emblem) == Letshwao la Rollers le fetotswe makgetho a se kae mo go feteng ga nako. Letshwao la bone le na le setshwantsho sa setlhako sa kgwele ya dinao, bolo, le dikatshiputsu (painting rollers), mmogo le mmapa wa ditsela tsa ntlha tsa ko teng ga Gaborone. Se ke go gopotsa ditsu tsa setlhopha mo badiring ba ditsela. Kwa tlase ga letshwao go na le sefela sa bone sa "Popa Popa ea Ipopa".<ref name=":1"/> == Tsamaiso ya Makala (Branches) == Township Rollers Football Club e na le makala a a fetang masome a matlhano le bobedi (52) go ralala lefatshe. Makala a a laolwa ke dikomiti tsa makala (Branch Committees). Dikomiti tse di tlhokometswe ke komiti ya molao ya bosetshaba e e bidiwang National Branches Committee, e e begelang lekgotla la boeteledipele la setlhopha ka tlhamalalo.<ref name=":1"/> == Dikgele (Honours) == * '''[[Botswana Premier League]] (16):''' 1979, 1980, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1987, 1995, 2004–05, 2009–10, 2010–11, 2013–14, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19. * '''[[Botswana FA Challenge Cup]] (6):''' 1979, 1993, 1994, 1996, 2005, 2010. * '''Botswana Mascom Top 8 Cup (2):''' 2012, 2018. {{Infobox football club | clubname = Township Rollers | image = | fullname = Township Rollers Football Club | nickname = Popa, The Blues, Tse Tala, Mapalastina | founded = 1961 (jaaka Mighty Tigers) | ground = [[National Stadium (Botswana)|National Stadium]] | capacity = 22,500 | chairman = Walter Kgabung | manager = | league = [[Botswana Premier League]] | season = 2024–25 | position = 6th | website = http://www.rollersfc.com/ }} '''Township Rollers Football Club''' ke setlhopha sa kgwele ya dinao se se kwa [[Gaborone]], [[Botswana]]. Rollers e itsege gape ka maina a a kgethegileng jaaka '''Popa''', '''The Blues''' kgotsa '''Tse Tala''', e leng maina a semmuso a setlhopha.<ref name="official-about">{{Cite web|url=https://www.rollersfc.com/about-us/|title=About Township Rollers FC|website=Rollers FC Official|access-date=2026-04-30|archive-date=2023-03-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230324085334/http://www.rollersfc.com/about-us/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Setlhopha se gantsi se bidiwa '''Mapalastina''', leina le le tlhamilweng mo dingwageng tsa bo 1990 mme ga le ise le ko le amogelwe semmuso ke setlhopha.<ref name="en-wiki">{{Cite web|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Township_Rollers_F.C.|title=Township Rollers F.C.|website=Wikipedia English}}</ref> Rollers ke setlhopha se se atlegileng go gaisa tsotlhe mo ditsong tsa kgwele ya dinao ya Botswana, mme se fentseng dikgele tsa liki le dikgaisano tsa dikomiti go feta setlhopha sepe sa selegae.<ref name="rsssf-champs">{{Cite web|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesb/botschamp.html|title=Botswana - List of Champions|author=Hans Schöggl|website=RSSSF}}</ref> == Ditso == Setlhopha se se tlhomilwe ka ngwaga wa 1961 ke badiri ba lephata la Public Works Department (PWD) la puso ya Bechuanaland Protectorate (Botswana ya nako ya bokolone). Kwa tshimologong ba ne ba se bitsa '''Mighty Tigers FC''', mme ka ngwaga wa 1965, leina le ne la fetolwa go nna Township Rollers Football Club.<ref name="en-wiki"/> Leina la "Rollers" ke sesupo sa didirisiwa tse di neng di dirisiwa ke badiri ba PWD (dikatshiputsu) go kaba ditsela tse dintšha tsa motse-mogolo Gaborone jaaka Queens Road le Independence Avenue.<ref name="history-mmegi">{{Cite news|url=https://mmegi.bw/lifestyle/the-history-of-popa/news|title=The History of Popa|website=Mmegi Online}}</ref> Rollers e na le kgotlhang ya segologolo le setlhopha sa [[Gaborone United]]. Motshameko fa gare ga ditlhopha tse tsoo-padi o bidiwa '''Gaborone Derby'''.<ref name="derby-news">{{Cite news|url=https://www.dailynews.gov.bw/news-details.php?nid=52341|title=Gaborone Derby Intensity|website=Botswana Daily News}}</ref> == Letshwao (Emblem) == Letshwao la Rollers le na le setshwantsho sa setlhako sa kgwele ya dinao, bolo, le dikatshiputsu (painting rollers), mmogo le mmapa wa ditsela tsa ntlha tsa ko teng ga Gaborone. Se ke go gopotsa ditsu tsa setlhopha mo badiring ba ditsela. Kwa tlase ga letshwao go na le sefela sa bone sa "Popa Popa ea Ipopa".<ref name="official-about"/> == Tsamaiso ya Makala (Branches) == Township Rollers Football Club e na le makala a a fetang masome a matlhano le bobedi (52) go ralala lefatshe. Makala a a laolwa ke dikomiti tsa makala (Branch Committees) mme a begela go National Branches Committee.<ref name="en-wiki"/> == Dikgele (Honours) == * '''[[Botswana Premier League]] (16):''' 1979, 1980, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1987, 1995, 2004–05, 2009–10, 2010–11, 2013–14, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19.<ref name="rsssf-champs"/> * '''[[Botswana FA Challenge Cup]] (6):''' 1979, 1993, 1994, 1996, 2005, 2010.<ref name="rsssf-cups">{{Cite web|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesb/botscuphist.html|title=Botswana - List of Cup Winners|website=RSSSF}}</ref> * '''Botswana Mascom Top 8 Cup (2):''' 2012, 2018.<ref name="top8">{{Cite news|url=https://www.cafonline.com/news/rollers-win-mascom-top-8/|title=Rollers win Mascom Top 8|website=CAF Online}}</ref> == Metswedi == <references /> tpbkyny32bxqzunbxc7hdct9yd7594d Sir Seretse Khama International Airport 0 8654 54660 53643 2026-09-08T19:18:46Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 54660 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sir Seretse Khama International Airport''' ([[:en:IATA_airport_code|IATA]]:GBE,[[:en:ICAO_airport_code|ICAO]]:FBSK), e e dikhilomithara di le lesome le botlhano kwa bokone jwa [[Gaborone]], ke maemelo magolo a difofane kwa toropokgolo ya [[Botswana]]. Maemelo a a difofane a biditswe jaaka tautona wa ntlha wa lefatshe la Botswana [[Seretse Khama|Sir Seretse Khama]].<ref name=":0">''[http://www.dca.gov.bw/index.php?sectid=198 "Ministry of Works & Transport. Department of Civil Aviation]''"(2005).Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20081003090219/http://www.dca.gov.bw/index.php?sectid=198 the original] on 3 October 2008.Department of Civil Aviation. Retrieved 5 September 2009.</ref> E butswe ka ngwaga wa 1984 go emela pharakano mo kgaolong le mo ditshabatshabeng. E na le motsamao wa bapagami o o kwa godimo mo lefatsheng la Botswana. Ka ngwaga wa 2017, maemelo a a ne a fiwa e le lantlha molao wa go laola kgwebo e ka mo go faphegileng go le pharologanyo mo mafatsheng a mangwe, e ee tla nnang le maphata a a latelang: [[:en:Civil_Aviation_Authority_of_Botswana|CAAB]], [https://www.bih.co.bw/ Botswana Innovation Hub], ITPA le diamond hub mo lekalaneng la diteemane.<ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20180404073753/https://www.royalhaskoningdhv.com/en-gb/south-africa/news/south-africa-news/appointment-for-sir-seretse-khama-international-airport/7158 "Appointment for Sir Seretse Khama International Airport"] (11 May 2017).''Royal HaskoningDHV.Retrieved 3 April 2018.</ref><ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20180404073503/https://economist.com.na/24705/general-news/botswana-plans-special-economic-zone-to-house-diamond-trading-hub/ "Botswana plans Special Economic Zone to house diamond trading hub"].(15 May 2017).''Namibia Economist. Retrieved 3 April 2018.</ref> == Ditso == Maemelo a difofane a butswe lantlha ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabaobedi le bone, a reelelwa ka [[Seretse Khama]], tautona wa ntlha wa lefatshe la Botswana,<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> o o eteletseng lefatshe pele go bona boipuso ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a maratato le borataro. Sefofane sa British Airways se ne sa simolola go fofela kwa maemelong a o a difofane ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabobedi le bosupa go tswa kwa Lontone Heathrow go feta ka [[Johannesburg]], mme tsela e ne ya emisiwa ka Moranang ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabaongwe masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20010508171120/https://allafrica.com/stories/199901140020.html "British Airways Announces Pull-out From Botswana".] ''Panafrican News Agency''. 14 January 1999. Archived from the original on 8 May 2001. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabobedi, maemelo a ne a simolola go atologa mo go golo.<ref>[https://opecfund.org/where-we-work/list/sir-seretse-khama-international-airport-upgrading-and-expansion-project "Sir Seretse Khama International Airport Upgrading and Expansion Project -OPEC Fund for International Development"]. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Maemelo a magologolo a ne a tsenya batho ba le makgolo a mabedi masome a mabedi le botlhano ka nako e le nngwe. Selekanyo sa maemelo se ne sa oketsega go tswa mo dimithareng di le dikete tharo, lekgolo le masome a mane go nna dikete di le lesome le bosupa. Mafaratlhatlha a a tsenyang dithoto le go tlhola se se mo bekeng a ne a tsenngwa. Tsela e sefofane se tabogang mo go yone e ne ya ntshafadiwa, ga agiwa tsela ya dimithara di le dikete di le nne. == Difofane le mesepele == {| class="wikitable" |+ !Difofane !Mesepele |- |Air Botswana |[[Cape Town]], [[Durban]], <ref>[https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240903-bpsep24 "Air Botswana Network Expansion From Sep 2024".] ''Aeroroutes''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref>[[Francistown]], Harare,[[Johannesburg]]-O.R. Tambo,[[Kasane]], [[Lusaka]], [[Maun]], Windhoek-Hosea Kutako<ref name=":2" /> |- |Airlink |Cape-Town, Johannesburg-O.R. Tambo |- |Ethiopian Airlines |Addis Ababa <ref name=":0" /> |- |South African Airways |Johannesburg-O.R Tambo<ref>[https://topauto.co.za/news/135772/new-international-flight-for-south-africa-3/&#x3C;M https://topauto.co.za/news/135772/new-international-flight-for-south-africa-3/<M]</ref> |} == Ditiragalo le dikotsi == Ka ngwaga wa 1999, Phalane a le malatsi a a lesome le motso, mokgweesi wa difofane, Captain Chris Phatswe, o ne a kweetsa sefofane sa [[:en:ATR_42|Aerospatiale ATR 42 Aircraft A2-ABB]] kwa ntle ga teseletso mo mosong. Fa a setse a le mo phefong a kopa ka segowagowe go bua le tautona, moeteledipele wa [[Air Botswana]], Ramapodisi, seteishene sa mapodisi sa central le mokapelo wa gagwe. Ka tautona a ne a le kwa ntle ga lefatshe, o ne a letlelelwa go bua le mothusa tautona. Le ntswa ba ne ba lekile gantsi go mo kgotsofatsa gore a boele tlase ka sefofane go tlhatlhanggwe ka matshwenyego a gagwe, o ne a tlhalosa gore o ya go thudisanya sefofane se a se pagameng le se sengwe kwa maemelong a tson. Morago ga go fofa di oura di le pedi, o ne a dikologa gabedi mme a thula difofane tsa ATR 42 di le pedi kwa maemelong. O ne tlhokafala mme ga seka ga tlhokafala ope gape kwa ntle ga gagwe. Metswedi ya dikgang tsa Air Botswana ya re mokgweetsi o ne a sa letlelelwe go kgweetsa difofane ka nako e o ka mabaka a botsogo, o ne a gana go busediwa go fitlhelela ka ngwaga wa 2000 kgwedi ya Tlhakole. Ditsamaiso tsa Air Botswana di ne tsa amega ka e ne e na le sefofane se le sngwe se se setseng ka nakwana sa [[:en:British_Aerospace_146|BAe 146]] se se neng se sa bereka ka ntata ya mathata a maranyane.<ref name=":2">''[http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19991011-0 "ASN Aircraft accident ATR-42-320 A2-ABB Gaborone–Sir Seretse Khama International Airport (GBE)"].(18 November 2005).''Aviation Safety Network. Flight Safety Foundation. Retrieved 3 April 2018''.''</ref> == Dipalopalo == {| class="wikitable" |+ !Pego ya madi !Palo ya bapagami !Ref |- |2014/15 |740 733 |<ref name=":1">http://www.caab.co.bw/wp-content/uploads/12601-CAAB-Annual-Report-2015-2016-version-7-facing-pages.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}</ref> |- |2015/16 |727 912 |<ref>http://www.caab.co.bw/wp-content/uploads/12601-CAAB-Annual-Report-2015-2016-version-7-facing-pages.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}</ref> |} == Lephata la difofane la sesole sa Botswana == Lephata la difofane la sesole sa Botswana ([[:en:Botswana_Defence_Force_Air_Wing|Botswana Defence Force Air Wing]]) sa batlotlegi le kwa maemelong a a difofane. == Dipadi tse dingwe == * [http://www.gcmap.com/airport/GBE Tshedimosetso ka maemelo a difofane a Sir Seretse Khama International Airport] kwa Great Circle Mapper * [https://aviation-safety.net/database/airport/airport.php?id=GBE Ditso tsa dikotsi tsa difofane tsa Sir Seretse Khama International Airport] kwa A[[:en:Flight_Safety_Foundation#Aviation_Safety_Network|viation Safety Network]] == Metswedi == 4zv79fnq1a6q4n6gxrkb2ttwgbt8ulu Ogallo Laban 0 8704 54634 34957 2026-09-08T16:28:44Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 54634 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Prof Laban Ogallo|birth_date=20 January 1950|birthname=Laban Ayieko Ogallo|birth_place=[[Kenya]]|death_date=20 November 2020|death_place=Kenya|education=University of Nairobi.|burial_place=Nyahera, Kisumu, Kenya|works=East African Meterelogy Services <br> University of Nairobi Kenya}} '''Laban Ayieko Ogallo''' (tshotswe 20 Hirikgong 1950) ene ele morutuntshi wa tsa thutodinaledi (metereology) kwa [[:en:University_of_Nairobi|Nairobi University]], [[:en:Kenya|Kenya]].<ref name=":0">[https://twas.org/directory/ogallo-laban "Ogallo, Laban"]. ''TWAS''. Retrieved 2022-11-17.</ref> Ene ele mongwe wa babulatsela ba tlelamente saense (climate science) le thutodinaledi (metereology) mo [[Aferika|Aforika]].<ref name=":1">Pougel, François (2020-11-30). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221126113708/https://www.degrees.ngo/2020/11/30/remembering-prof-laban-ogallo/ "Remembering Prof. Laban Ogallo"]. ''The DEGREES Initiative''. Retrieved 2022-11-17.</ref> Ene ele motsamaisi wa pele wa IGAD Climate Prediction and Applications Center.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230327052728/http://aasciences.africa/news/aas-sadly-announces-passing-prof-laban-ogallo "AAS sadly announces the passing of Prof Laban Ogallo | The AAS"]. ''www.aasciences.africa''. Retrieved 2022-11-17.</ref> Ene ele Modulasetilo wa lefapha la thutodinaledi(Metereology), leloko la basimolosi ba Kenya Metereological Society (KMS), African Metereological Society (AMS), leloko la [[:en:African_Academy_of_Sciences|African Academy of Sciences]] le [[:en:The_World_Academy_of_Sciences|The World Academy of Sciences.]] E ne gape ele leloko la setlhopha sa [[:en:Intergovernmental_Panel_on_Climate_Change|IPCC]] se se neng sa amogela sekgele sa kagiso ka 2007.<ref name=":2">[https://web.archive.org/web/20221117213032/https://public.wmo.int/en/resources/meteoworld/obituary-professor-laban-ayieko-ogallo "Obituary for Professor Laban Ayieko Ogallo"]. ''public.wmo.int''. 2020-12-16. Retrieved 2022-11-17.</ref><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":3">[https://web.archive.org/web/20221117213158/https://www.aasciences.africa/fellow/ogallo-laban-ayieko "Ogallo Laban Ayieko | The AAS"]. ''www.aasciences.africa''. Retrieved 2022-11-17.</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":4">[https://web.archive.org/web/20221117213319/https://profiles.uonbi.ac.ke/logallo/biocv "University of Nairobi Personal Websites"]. ''University of Nairobi Personal Websites''. Retrieved 2022-11-17.</ref> == Botshelo jwa pele le thuto == Prof. Ogallo o tsholetswe kwa [[Kenya]] ka di 20 Hirikgong 1950. O fitlheletse dithuto tsa Bsc Hons(Maths, [[Physics]] and [[Metereology]]) ka 1975, M.Sc. (Metereology) ka 1977 and PHD (Metereology) ka 1980 gotswa Unibesiti ya Nairobi.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /><ref name=":5">[https://web.archive.org/web/20221117213935/https://profiles.uonbi.ac.ke/logallo/files/ogallo_cv2019.pdf "Prof. Ogallo CV"] (PDF).</ref><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1" /> == Tiro == Prof. Ogallo o simolotse tiro ka 1975 kwa East African Metereology Services. Ka 1976 e ne ele mokaedi (Tutorial Fellow), lefapha la thutodinaledi(Department of Metereology), Unibesiti ya Nairobi. Ka 1979 o ne a nna morutabana (lecturer), morutabana yo mogolo (senior lecturer) ka 1986, Modulasetilo wa lefapha la thutodinaledi ka 1988, Motsamaisimogolo (CEO/Secretary) kwa lekgotla la bosetshaba la Kenya la saense le boranyane(Kenya National Council for Science and Technology) ka 1995, Mogokaganyi wa lenaneo World Metereological Organisation Climate Applications CLIPS ka 1996, Motsamaisi wa IGAD Climate Perdition and Applications Centre ka 2000, Mogokaganyi wa IGAD le [[:en:United_Nations_Development_Programme|UNDP]] Disaster resilience buiding Project mme erile ka 1995 a nna morutuntshi yo feletseng.<ref name=":6">[https://web.archive.org/web/20221117214459/https://allafrica.com/stories/202011270754.html "Professor Laban Ayieko Ogallo - Message of Condolences"]. ''allAfrica.com''. 2020-11-27. Retrieved 2022-11-17.</ref><ref name=":5" /><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" /> == Botsalano le Boloko == E ne ele leloko la World Academy of Sciences (TWAS), African Academy of Sciences (AAS), Kenya Academy of Sciences, Kenya Met Society le tsala ya ba Royal Met Society.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":1" /> == Leso == Prof. Ogallo o tlhokafetse kwa sepateleng sa [[:en:Aga_Khan|Aga Khan]] ka di 20 Ngwanatsele 2020 morago ga go lwala ka bokhutswane mme o ne a bolokwa ka di 5 Sedimonthole 2020 kwa [[Nyahera]], Kisumu, Kenya.<ref>[https://www.icpac.net/news/tribute-professor-laban-ayieko-ogallo/ "Tribute: Professor Laban Ayieko Ogallo"]. ''ICPAC''. Retrieved 2022-11-17.</ref> <ref name=":6" /><ref name=":1" /> == Metswedi == 17b3fn9ea1pfxu7s99zz7e0t9m2tqc6 United Nations General Assembly 0 10390 54665 48449 2026-09-08T21:12:12Z Martin Macha 2111 7919 /* */ 54665 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox organization|name={{collapsible list | titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:center;line-height:normal;font-size:84%; | title = {{resize|1.25em|United Nations General Assembly}} | {{Infobox |subbox=yes |bodystyle=font-size:77%;font-weight:normal; | rowclass1 = mergedrow| label1 = [[Arabic]]: | data1 = {{lang|ar|الجمعية العامة للأمم المتحدة|rtl=yes}} | rowclass2 = mergedrow| label2 = [[Chinese language|Chinese]]: | data2 = {{lang|zh|联合国大会}} | rowclass4 = mergedrow |label4 = [[French language|French]]: | data4 = {{lang|fr|Assemblée générale des Nations unies|italic=unset}} | rowclass5 = mergedrow| label5 = [[Russian language|Russian]]: | data5 = {{nowrap|{{lang|ru|Генеральная Ассамблея Организации Объединённых Наций}}}} | rowclass6 = mergedrow| label6 = [[Spanish language|Spanish]]: | data6 = {{nowrap|{{lang|es|Asamblea General de las Naciones Unidas|italic=unset}}}}}}}}|formation={{start date and age|df=y|1945}}|image=Emblem of the United Nations.svg|image_size=100px|map=UN General Assembly hall.jpg|map_size=250px|map_caption=[[United Nations General Assembly Hall]] at the [[Headquarters of the United Nations|UN Headquarters]] in [[New York City]] in 2006|abbreviation={{hlist|class=nowrap |GA|UNGA|AG|AGDNU}}|type=Principal organ|status=Active|headquarters=[[New York City]], U.S.|leader_title=[[President of the United Nations General Assembly|President]]|leader_name=[[Khalilur Rahman]]|parent_organization=[[United Nations]]|website={{URL|https://un.org/ga}}}}'''Kokoanokakaretso ya Ditšhabakopano''', UNGA; Sefora: Assemblée générale des Nations unies, AGDNU (Kokoano Kakaretso, GA; Sefora: Kokoano Kakaretso, AG) ke nngwe ya ditheo tse thataro tse dikgolo tsa Ditšhabakopano (UN), e e dirang jaaka setheo sa yone se segolo sa go buisana, go dira dipholisi le go emela. Ga jaana mo kopanong ya yona ya bo 81, dithata tsa yona, popego, ditiro le ditsamaiso di tlhalositswe mo Kgaolong IV ya Tšhata ya Ditšhabakopano. UNGA e na le maikarabelo a tekanyetsokabo ya UN, go tlhoma maloko a e seng a leruri mo Lekgotleng la Tshireletso, go tlhoma mokwaledikakaretso wa UN, go amogela dipegelo go tswa kwa dikarolong tse dingwe tsa tsamaiso ya UN, le go dira dikgakololo ka ditshwetso.<ref>[https://www.un.org/aboutun/charter/chapter4.htm Charter of the United Nations:] Chapter IV Archived 12 October 2007 at the Wayback Machine. United Nations.</ref> Gape e tlhoma ditheo tse dintsi tse di thusang go tsweletsa pele kgotsa go thusa mo thomong ya yona e e anameng.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180715035834/http://www.un.org/ga/subsidiary.shtml "Subsidiary Organs of the General Assembly"]. ''United Nations General Assembly''. Archived from the original on 15 July 2018.</ref> UNGA ke yona fela setheo sa UN se dinaga tsotlhe tse e leng ditokololo di nang le boemedi jo bo lekanang. Kokoano Kakaretso e kopana ka fa tlase ga poresidente wa yone kgotsa mokwaledikakaretso wa UN mo dikopanong tsa ngwaga le ngwaga kwa Kagong ya Kokoano Kakaretso, mo teng ga ntlokgolo ya UN kwa New York City. Kgato ya ntlha ya dikopano tseno ka kakaretso e simolola ka Lwetse go fitlha ka karolo ya Ferikgong go fitlha dikgang tsotlhe di rarabololwa, e leng se gantsi se dirwang pele ga thulaganyo e e latelang e simolola.<ref>United Nations Official Document. [["The annual session convenes on Tuesday of the third week in September per Resolution 57/301, Para. 1. The opening debatehttp://www.un.org/ga/search/view doc.asp?symbol=A/INF/70/1 begins the following Tuesday"|"The annual session convenes on Tuesday of the third week in September per Resolution 57/301, Para. 1. The opening debate begins the following Tuesday"]]. ''United Nations''. Archived from the original on 23 May 2020. Retrieved 13 September 2016.</ref>Gape e ka kopana gape go dira dithulaganyo tse di kgethegileng le tsa tshoganyetso. Thulaganyo ya ntlha e ne ya bidiwa ka Ferikgong 10 1946 kwa Holong ya Bogare ya Methodist kwa Lontone mme e ne e akaretsa baemedi ba merafe e le 51 e e neng ya simolola. Bontsi jwa dipotso di swetswa mo Kokoanong Kakaretso ke bontsi jo bo sa raraanang. Naga nngwe le nngwe e e leng leloko e na le boutu e le nngwe. Go boutela dipotso dingwe tsa botlhokwa—e leng dikgakololo tse di malebana le kagiso le polokesego; matshwenyego a tekanyetsokabo; mme go tlhophiwa, go amogelwa, go emisiwa, kana go lelekwa ga maloko—ke ka bontsi jwa peditharong ya ba ba leng teng le ba ba boutang. Ntle le go amogelwa ga merero ya tekanyetsokabo, go akaretsa le go amogelwa ga sekale sa tshekatsheko, ditshwetso tsa Kokoano ga di tlame maloko. Kokoano e ka dira dikgakololo mo mererong nngwe le nngwe e e mo sekopong sa UN, ntle le merero ya kagiso le tshireletsego e e sekasekiwang ke Lekgotla la Tshireletso. Ka dingwaga tsa bo 1980, Kokoano e ne ya nna foramo ya "puisano ya Bokone le Borwa" magareng ga ditšhaba tse di tlhabologileng le dinaga tse di tlhabologang mo dintlheng tse di farologaneng tsa boditšhabatšhaba. Dikgang tseno di ne tsa tlhagelela ka ntlha ya kgolo e e gakgamatsang le go fetoga ga popego ya maloko a lekgotla la Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng. Ka 1945, lekgotla la Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng le ne le na le maloko a le 51, a mo lekgolong la bo21 la dingwaga a neng a batla a menagane ganè go fitlha go a le 193, mme a a fetang peditharong ya one ke dinaga tse di tlhabologang. Ka ntlha ya dipalo tsa tsona, dinaga tse di tlhabologang gantsi di kgona go tlhomamisa lenanetema la Kokoano (di dirisa ditlhopha tse di gokaganyang jaaka G77), semelo sa dingangisano tsa yona, le mofuta wa ditshwetso tsa yona. Mo dinageng di le dintsi tse di tlhabologang, lekgotla la Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng ke lone le le nang le tlhotlheletso e ntsi mo go tsa bodipolomate e bile ke lone le legolo le le ntshang maiteko a tsone a go dirisana le dinaga di sele. Le fa ditshwetso tse di fetisitsweng ke Kokoano Kakaretso di sena maatla a a tlamang mo ditšhabeng tse e leng ditokololo (kwa ntle ga dikgato tsa tekanyetsokabo), go ya ka tshwetso ya yona ya Uniting for Peace ya Ngwanaitseele 1950 (tshwetso 377 (V)), Kokoano gape e ka tsaya kgato fa leloko la Lekgotla la Tshireletso le palelwa ke go tsaya kgato, o go lebega e le matshosetsi mo kagisong, go tlola kagiso kgotsa tiro ya go nna bogale. Kokoano e ka sekaseka kgang eno ka bonako ka maikaelelo a go dira dikgakololo go Maloko gore go tsewe dikgato tse di kopanetsweng tsa go tshegetsa kgotsa go busetsa kagiso le tshireletsego ya boditšhabatšhaba.<ref>[https://www.un.org/en/ga/about/background.shtml General Assembly of the United Nations Archived 29 March 2018 at the Wayback Machine.] United Nations. Retrieved 12 July 2013.</ref> == Ditso == [[Setshwantsho:Methodist.central.hall.london.arp.jpg|thumb|Methodist Central Hall, London, the location of the first meeting of the United Nations General Assembly in [https://web.archive.org/web/20150312020304/http://www.un.org/en/aboutun/history/1941-1950.shtml 1946]]] Kopano ya ntlha ya Kokoano Kakaretso ya UN e ne ya bidiwa ka la bo 10 Ferikgong 1946 kwa Holong ya Bogare ya Methodist kwa Lontone mme e ne e akaretsa baemedi ba ditšhaba di le 51.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150312020304/http://www.un.org/en/aboutun/history/1941-1950.shtml "History of United Nations 1941 – 1950".] United Nations. Archived from the original on 12 March 2015. Retrieved 12 March 2015.</ref> Go fitlha e fudugela kwa legaeng la yone la leruri kwa Manhattan ka 1951, Kokoano e ne ya kopanela kwa Pavilion ya pele ya Toropo ya New York ya Dipontsho tsa Lefatshe Lotlhe tsa New York tsa 1939 kwa Flushing, New York.<ref>[http://digitalarchives.queenslibrary.org/ "Queens Public Library Digital"]. ''digitalarchives.queenslibrary.org''. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 6 December 2022.</ref>Ka Ngwanatsele 29, 1947, Kokoano e ne ya boutela go amogela Leano la Ditšhabakopano la go Kgaoganya Palesetina mo lefelong leno.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20221206092505/https://centerforthehumanities.org/programming/united-nations-queens-a-local-history-of-the-1947-israel-palestine-partition "United Nations, Queens: A Local History of the 1947 Israel-Palestine Partition".] ''The Center for the Humanities''. Archived from the original on 6 December 2022. Retrieved 6 December 2022.</ref> Pokano ya 1947 kwa Kokoanong Kakaretso e e neng e tshwaretswe fa gare ga 1946 le 1951 kwa Flushing, kwa New York Ka nako ya 1946–1951 Kokoano Kakaretso, Lekgotla la Tshireletso le Lekgotla la Loago la Ikonomi le tsone di ne tsa tshwara dithulaganyo kwa ntlokgolong ya nakwana ya Ditšhabakopano kwa Lake Success, New York.<ref>Rosenthal, A. M. (19 May 1951). [https://www.nytimes.com/1951/05/19/archives/un-vacates-site-at-lake-success-peace-building-back-to-war-output.html "U.N. Vacates Site at Lake Success; Peace Building Back to War Output".] ''The New York Times''. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 26 July 2022. Retrieved 26 July 2022.</ref><ref>Druckman, Bella (19 May 2021). [https://untappedcities.com/2021/05/19/united-nations-lake-success/ "The United Nations Headquarters in Long Island's Lake Success".] ''Untapped New York''. Archived from the original on 19 May 2021. Retrieved 16 January 2023.</ref>Ka nako eno ka 1949, mafaratlhatlha a Thelebišene a CBS a ne a gasa dithulaganyo tseno ka tlhamalalo mo motseletseleng wa yone wa kgaso ya Ditšhabakopano mo Tirong e e neng e tlhagisiwa ke mmegadikgang Edmund Chester.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230113182014/https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/television-broadcast-of-a-new-series-reporting-the-sessions-news-photo/647173796 "CBS television broadcast of a new series reporting the sessions and..."] ''Getty Images''. 2 March 2017. Archived from the original on 13 January 2023. Retrieved 16 January 2023.</ref> E ne ya fudugela kwa Ntlokgolong ya leruri ya Ditšhabakopano kwa New York City kwa tshimologong ya kopano ya yone ya bosupa ya ka metlha ya ngwaga le ngwaga, ka 14 Diphalane 1952. Ka Sedimonthole 1988, gore e kgone go reetsa Yasser Arafat, Kokoano Kakaretso e ne ya rulaganya kopano ya yone ya bo 29 kwa Ntlong ya Segosi ya Ditšhaba, kwa Genezerwit.<ref>(in French) [https://www.letemps.ch/suisse/geneve-renoue-tradition-ville-paix "Genève renoue avec sa tradition de ville de paix, ''Le Temps'', 16 January 2014. Archived 16 April 2022 at the Wayback Machine".]</ref> == Boloko == [[Setshwantsho:A-Local-History-of-the-1947-Israel-Palestine-Partition.jpg|thumb|Pokano ya 1947 kwa Kokoanong Kakaretso e e neng e tshwaretswe fa gare ga 1946 le 1951 kwa Flushing, kwa New York]] Maloko otlhe a le 193 a Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng ke maloko a Kokoano-Kakaretso, mme go okeditswe ka .ya Setulo se se Boitshepo le Palesetina jaaka dinaga tse di tlhokometseng mmogo le Kopano ya Yuropa (fa e sa le ka 1974). Mo godimo ga moo, Kokoanokakaretso ya Ditšhabakopano e ka naya mokgatlho kgotsa setheo sa boditšhabatšhaba maemo a go nna molebeledi, se se nayang setheo tshwanelo ya go tsaya karolo mo tirong ya Kokoanokakaretso ya Ditšhabakopano, le fa go na le ditekanyetso. == Lenaneo == Lenaneo la thulaganyo nngwe le nngwe le rulaganngwa go fitlha go dikgwedi di le supa pele ga nako mme le simolola ka go gololwa ga lenaane la dintlha tse di tla akarediwang mo lenaaneng la nakwana.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20131021004337/http://www.un.org/Depts/dhl/resguide/gasess.htm "Introduction - UN Documentation: General Assembly".] United Nations Research Guides and Resources at United Nations Dag Hammarskjöld Library. Archived from the original on 21 October 2013.</ref> Se se tokafadiwa go nna lenanetema la nakwana malatsi a le 60 pele ga go bulwa ga thulaganyo. Morago ga gore thulaganyo e simolole, lenanetema la bofelo le amogelwa mo kopanong ya botlhe e e abang tiro dikomiti tse di farologaneng tse dikgolo, tse moragonyana di romelang dipegelo gape kwa Kokoanong gore di amogelwe ka tumalano kgotsa ka boutu. Dintlha tse di mo lenaaneng di na le dinomoro. Dikopano tsa ka gale tsa Kokoano Kakaretso mo dingwageng tsa bošeng jaana kwa tshimologong di ne di rulaganyeditswe go tshwarwa mo lobakeng lwa dikgwedi di le tharo fela; le fa go ntse jalo, tiro e e oketsegileng e dirile gore dithulaganyo tseno di atolosiwe go fitlha fela go setse go le gaufi le thulaganyo e e latelang. Dikarolo tse di rulagantsweng ka tlwaelo tsa dithulaganyo ka tlwaelo di simolola ka "Labobedi wa beke ya boraro ka Lwetse, go bala go tloga ka beke ya ntlha e e nang le bonnye letsatsi le le lengwe la tiro," go ya ka Melawana ya Tsamaiso ya UN.<ref>[https://www.un.org/en/ga/about/ropga/sessions.shtml "Sessions, Rules of Procedure"]. ''General Assembly of the United Nations''. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 29 June 2017.</ref>Dikopano tse pedi tsa bofelo tsa ka metlha di ne di rulaganyeditswe go ikhutsa dikgwedi di le tharo morago ga moo<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121102210630/https://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2009/ga10859.doc.htm "General Assembly Adopts Work Programme for Sixty-Fourth Session".] ''UN General Assembly''. Archived from the original on 2 November 2012.</ref>mo tshimologong ya Sedimonthole mme di ne tsa simololwa gape ka Ferikgong mme tsa atolosiwa go fitlha fela pele ga tshimologo ya dithulaganyo tse di latelang.<ref>[https://www.un.org/en/ga/64/meetings/index.shtml#sep10 "High-level meetings of the 64th Session",] General Assembly of the UN. Archived 26 July 2018 at the Wayback Machine.</ref> == Ditharabololo == Tonakgolo ya Malaysia Mahathir Mohamad fa a bua le Kokoanokakaretso ya Ditšhabakopano ka di 25 Lwetse 2003 [[Setshwantsho:Mahathir Mohamad addressing the United Nations General Assembly (September 25 2003).jpg|thumb|Tonakgolo ya Malaysia Mahathir Mohamad fa a bua le Kokoanokakaretso ya Ditšhabakopano ka di 25 Lwetse 2003]] Moporesitente wa Russia Dmitry Medvedev o bua kwa kopanong ya bo 64 ya Kokoanokakaretso ya UN ka di 24 Lwetse 2009. Kokoano Kakaretso e boutela ditshwetso tse dintsi tse di tlisiwang ke dinaga tse di tshegetsang. Tseno ka kakaretso ke dipolelo tse di tshwantshetsang maikutlo a setšhaba sa boditšhabatšhaba ka ga dintlha tse di farologaneng tsa lefatshe.<ref>[http://ask.un.org/faq/15010 "Are UN resolutions binding? – Ask DAG!".] ''ask.un.org''. Archived from the original on 1 February 2020. Retrieved 1 February 2020.</ref>Bontsi jwa ditshwetso tsa Kokoano Kakaretso ga di kgone go diragadiwa jaaka kgang ya semolao kgotsa e e mosola, ka gonne Kokoano Kakaretso ga e na dithata tsa go diragatsa mabapi le bontsi jwa dintlha.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/topic/United-Nations-General-Assembly "United Nations General Assembly".] ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Archived from the original on 14 December 2019. Retrieved 1 February 2020.</ref> Kokoano Kakaretso e na le dithata tsa go tsaya ditshwetso tsa bofelo mo dikarolong dingwe jaaka tekanyetsokabo ya Ditšhabakopano.<ref>[http://www.un.org/en/sections/un-charter/chapter-iv/index.html "Article 17 (1) of Charter of the United Nations".] 17 June 2015. Archived from the original on 1 May 2019. Retrieved 31 August 2017.</ref> Kokoano Kakaretso gape e ka romela kgang kwa Lekgotleng la Tshireletso go tlhoma tshwetso e e tlamang.<ref>[http://www.un.org/en/sections/un-charter/un-charter-full-text/ "Articles 11 (2) and 11 (3) of Charter of the United Nation]s". 15 April 2016. Archived from the original on 10 April 2019. Retrieved 31 August 2017.</ref> '''Sekema sa dinomoro tsa tharabololo''' Go tloga ka dikopano tsa Ntlha go ya go tsa Bomasomeamararo tsa Kokoanokakaretso, ditshwetso tsotlhe tsa Kokoanokakaretso di ne tsa newa dinomoro ka go latelana, ka nomoro ya tshwetso e latelwa ke nomoro ya kopano ka dinomoro tsa Roma (sekao, Tshwetso 1514 (XV), e e neng e le tshwetso ya bo1514 e e nang le dinomoro e e neng ya amogelwa ke Assembth (1960)). Go simolola mo Kopanong ya Masomeamararo le Nngwe, ditshwetso di balelwa ka dinomoro ka kopano ka bongwe (sekao Tshwetso 41/10 e emela tshwetso ya bo 10 e e amogetsweng kwa Kopanong ya Masome a Manè le Nngwe).<ref>[https://dx.doi.org/10.18356/a9a4aeed-en "Annexes"]. ''Resolutions and Decisions Adopted by the General Assembly''. 2 August 2017. doi:10.18356/a9a4aeed-en. ISBN <bdi>9789210605991</bdi>. ISSN 2412-0898.</ref> == Tekanyetso == Kokoano Kakaretso gape e amogela tekanyetsokabo ya Ditšhabakopano le go swetsa gore naga nngwe le nngwe e e leng leloko e tshwanetse go duela madi a makae go tsamaisa mokgatlho ono.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180620231947/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?order=wbapi_data_value_2011+wbapi_data_value+wbapi_data_value-last&sort=asc Population, total | Data | Table Archived] 20 June 2018 at the Wayback Machine. World Bank. Retrieved 12 July 2013</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Dmitry Medvedev in the United States 24 September 2009-5.jpg|thumb|Tautona wa Russia Dmitry Medvedev o bua kwa kopanong ya bo 64 ya Kokoanokakaretso ya UN ka di 24 Lwetse 2009.]] Tšhata ya Ditšhabakopano e naya Kokoano Kakaretso maikarabelo a go amogela tekanyetsokabo (Kgaolo IV, Athikele 17) le go baakanyetsa mokwaledikakaretso, jaaka "motlhankedi yo mogolo wa tsamaiso" (Kgaolo XV, Athikele 97). Tšhata gape e samagana le go sa duelwe ga dikabelo tse di sekasekilweng (Kgaolo IV, Athikele ya 19). Modikologo wa go rulaganya, go dira mananeo, go dira tekanyetsokabo, go ela tlhoko le go sekaseka wa Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng o ile wa fetoga fa dingwaga di ntse di feta; ditshwetso tse dikgolo ka ga thulaganyo eno di akaretsa ditshwetso tsa Kokoano Kakaretso: 41/213 ya 19 Sedimonthole 1986, 42/211 ya 21 Sedimonthole 1987, le 45/248 ya 21 Sedimonthole 1990.<ref>[https://www.un.org/Depts/dhl/resguide/specrb.html#intro UN Security Council : Resolutions, Presidential Statements, Meeting Records, SC Press Releases Archived 2 December 2012 at the Wayback Machine.] United Nations. Retrieved 12 July 2013.</ref> Tekanyetsokabo e akaretsa ditshenyegelo tsa mananeo a Ditšhabakopano mo dikarolong tse di jaaka merero ya sepolotiki, tshiamiso le molao wa boditšhabatšhaba, tirisanommogo ya boditšhabatšhaba ya tlhabololo, tshedimosetso ya setšhaba, ditshwanelo tsa batho le merero ya thuso ya batho. Motswedi o mogolo wa madi a tekanyetsokabo e e tlwaelegileng ke meneelo ya dinaga tse di leng ditokololo. Sekala sa ditshekatsheko se ikaegile ka bokgoni jwa dinaga jwa go duela. Se se laolwa ke go akanyetsa dišere tsa bona tse di amanang tsa palogotlhe ya dikumo tsa bosetšhaba, tse di fetotsweng go tsaya tsia mabaka a le mmalwa, go akaretsa le lotseno lwa bona ka tlhogo. Mo godimo ga tekanyetsokabo e e tlwaelegileng, dinaga tse e leng ditokololo di sekasekwa ditshenyegelo tsa makgotlatshekelo a boditšhabatšhaba le, go ya ka mofuta o o fetotsweng wa sekale sa motheo, ditshenyegelo tsa ditiro tsa go boloka kagiso.<ref>[https://www.un.org/en/hq/dm/budget.shtml United Nations Department of Management Archived 4 February 2018 a]t the Wayback Machine. United Nations. Retrieved 12 July 2013.</ref> == Ditlhopho == Kgaoganyo ya Kokoanokakaretso ka go nna leloko la Ditlhopha tsa Dikgaolo tse tlhano tsa Ditšhabakopano: Kokoano Kakaretso e neilwe mo Tšhateng ya Ditšhabakopano go tlhopha maloko a ditheo tse di farologaneng mo teng ga tsamaiso ya Ditšhabakopano. Tsamaiso ya ditlhopho tse e ka bonwa mo Karolo 15 ya Melawana ya Tsamaiso ya Kokoano Kakaretso. Ditlhopho tse di botlhokwa thata tsa Kokoano Kakaretso di akaretsa tsa Moporesidente yo o tlang wa Kokoano Kakaretso, Dithulaganyo tsa ka metlha<ref>[https://www.un.org/en/ga/about/ropga/prez.shtml "General Assembly of the United Nations".] ''United Nations''. Archived from the original on 26 July 2022. Retrieved 27 September 2022.</ref> Kokoano Kakaretso e kopana ngwaga le ngwaga mo kopanong e e tlwaelegileng e e bulwang ka Labobedi wa boraro wa Lwetse, mme e tswelela go fitlha ka Lwetse o o latelang. Dikopano di tshwarelwa kwa Ntlokgolong ya Ditšhabakopano kwa New York ntle le fa di fetolwa ke Kokoano Kakaretso ka boutu ya bontsi.<ref>[https://www.un.org/en/ga/about/ropga/prez.shtml "General Assembly of the United Nations".] ''United Nations''. Archived from the original on 26 July 2022. Retrieved 27 September 2022.</ref><ref>United Nations (17 October 2019). [https://www.un.org/press/en/2019/ga12204.doc.htm "General Assembly Elects 14 Member States to Human Rights Council, Appoints New Under-Secretary-General for Internal Oversight Services]". ''United Nations Meetings Coverage & Press Releases''. United Nations. Archived from the original on 2 January 2020. Retrieved 19 January 2020.</ref><ref>United Nations (4 June 2019)[https://www.un.org/press/en/2019/ga12149.doc.htm . "Delegates Elect Permanent Representative of Nigeria President of Seventy-Fourth General Assembly by Acclamation, Also Choosing 20 Vice-Presidents".] ''United Nations Meetings Coverage & Press Releases''. United Nations. Archived from the original on 15 September 2019. Retrieved 15 September 2019.</ref> Thulaganyo ya ka gale e kgaogantswe ka dipaka tse pedi tse di farologaneng, karolo e kgolo le e e simolotsweng gape ya thulaganyo. Ka nako ya karolo e kgolo ya thulaganyo, e e simololang fa thulaganyo e bulwa go fitlha ka nako ya boikhutso jwa Keresemose ka Sedimonthole, bontsi jwa tiro ya Kokoano e a dirwa. Paka e ke paka e e tseneletseng thata ya tiro ya Kokoano mme e akaretsa ngangisano ka kakaretso le bontsi jwa tiro ya Dikomiti tse dikgolo tse thataro. Karolo e e simolotsweng gape ya thulaganyo, le fa go ntse jalo, e e simololang ka Ferikgong go fitlha kwa tshimologong ya thulaganyo e ntšhwa, e akaretsa dingangisano tse dingwe tse di nang le ditlhogo, dithulaganyo tsa ditherisano le dikopano tsa setlhopha sa tiro.<ref>"Members of the Court". ''International Court of Justice''. n.d. Archived from the original on 24 January 2020. Retrieved 19 January 2020.</ref><ref>United Nations General Assembly Session 33 ''E'' ''138''. ''Question of the composition of the relevant organs of the United Nations: amendments to rules 31 and 28 of the rules of procedure of the General Assembly to rules'' A/RES/33/138 19 December 1978.</ref> == Kganetsanokakaretso == Tonakgolo ya Spain José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero fa a ne a bua le Kokoano-Kakaretso kwa New York, ka Lwetse a le 20 2005 Moporesidente wa United States Barack Obama o bua le Kokoanokakaretso ya UN ka 2011. [[Setshwantsho:United National General Assembly.svg|thumb]] Ngangisano ka kakaretso ya kopano nngwe le nngwe e ntšhwa ya Kokoano Kakaretso e tshwarwa beke e e latelang go bulwa semmuso ga kopano, ka tlwaelo ka Labobedi o o latelang, mme e tshwarwa ntle le go kgaotsa malatsi a le robongwe a tiro. Ngangisano ka kakaretso ke tiragalo ya maemo a a kwa godimo, e ka tlwaelo e tsenelwang ke ditlhogo tsa dinaga kgotsa puso ya Dinaga tse e leng Maloko, ditona tsa puso le baemedi ba Ditšhabakopano. Kwa ngangisanong ka kakaretso, Dinaga tse e leng Maloko di newa tšhono ya go tlhoma mogopolo mo dikgannyeng kgotsa mo dikgannyeng tse di bonang di le botlhokwa. Mo godimo ga dingangisano ka kakaretso, go na gape le dikopano tse dingwe tse dintsi tsa maemo a a kwa godimo tsa setlhogo, dikopano tse di kwa godimo le ditiragalo tse di sa tlhomamang tse di tshwarwang mo bekeng ya dingangisano ka kakaretso.<ref>Manhire, Vanessa, ed. (2019). [https://web.archive.org/web/20210308131305/https://www.mfat.govt.nz/assets/Peace-Rights-and-Security/Our-work-with-the-UN/UN-Handbook-2019-20.pdf "United Nations Handbook 2019–20" (PDF).] ''United Nations Handbook (Wellington, N.z.).'' (57th ed.). Wellington: Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade of New Zealand: 17. ISSN 0110-1951. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 18 January 2020.</ref><ref>[http://ask.un.org/faq/154658 "What is the general debate of the General Assembly? What is the order of speakers at the general debate?".] ''Dag Hammarskjöld Library''. United Nations. 10 July 2019. Archived from the original on 23 May 2020. Retrieved 17 January 2020.</ref><ref>[https://gadebate.un.org/en/faq "Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)".] ''United Nations General Assembly''. United Nations. n.d. Archived from the original on 27 September 2022. Retrieved 17 January 2020.</ref> '''Dithulaganyo tse di kgethegileng''' Dikopano tse di kgethegileng, kgotsa UNGASS, di ka bidiwa ka ditsela tse tharo tse di farologaneng, ka kopo ya Lekgotla la Tshireletso, ka kopo ya bontsi jwa Dinaga tse e leng maloko a Ditšhabakopano kgotsa ke leloko le le lengwe, fa fela bontsi bo dumalana. Dikopano tse di kgethegileng ka tlwaelo di akaretsa setlhogo se le sengwe mme di felela ka go amogelwa ga tokomane e le nngwe kgotsa di le pedi tsa dipoelo, jaaka kgoeletso ya sepolotiki, leano la tiro kgotsa leano la go lwantsha setlhogo se se boletsweng. Gape ke ditiragalo tsa maemo a a kwa godimo tse di nang le seabe go tswa mo ditlhogong tsa naga le puso, mmogo le ke ditona tsa puso. Go nnile le dikopano tse di kgethegileng di le 32 mo hisitoring ya Ditšhabakopano.<ref>Ruder, Nicole; Nakano, Kenji; Aeschlimann, Johann (2017). Aeschlimann, Johann; Regan, Mary (eds.). [https://web.archive.org/web/20181122005435/https://www.eda.admin.ch/dam/mission-new-york/en/documents/UN_GA__Final.pdf ''The GA Handbook: A practical guide to the United Nations General Assembly'' (PDF) (2nd ed.). New York:] Permanent Mission of Switzerland to the United Nations. pp. 14–15. ISBN <bdi>978-0-615-49660-3</bdi>. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 November 2018.</ref><ref>[[wikisource:Charter_of_the_United_Nations|''Charter of the United Nations'' .]] San Francisco: United Nations. 26 June 1945 – via Wikisource.</ref> '''Dithulaganyo tse di kgethegileng tsa tshoganyetso''' Fa Lekgotla la Tshireletsego le sa kgone, gantsi ka ntlha ya go sa dumalane ga maloko a leruri, go dira tshwetso ka ga matshosetsi a kagiso le tshireletsego ya boditšhabatšhaba, go ka bidiwa dikopano tse di kgethegileng tsa tshoganyetso gore go dirwe dikgakololo tse di maleba go dinaga tse di leng ditokololo tsa dikgato tse di kopanetsweng. Thata e e ne ya newa Kokoano mo Tshwetsong ya 377(V) ya 3 Ngwanaitseele 1950.<ref>Ruder, Nicole; Nakano, Kenji; Aeschlimann, Johann (2017). Aeschlimann, Johann; Regan, Mary (eds.). [https://web.archive.org/web/20181122005435/https://www.eda.admin.ch/dam/mission-new-york/en/documents/UN_GA__Final.pdf ''The GA Handbook: A practical guide to the United Nations General Assembly'' (PDF) (2nd ed.). New York:] Permanent Mission of Switzerland to the United Nations. pp. 14–15. ISBN <bdi>978-0-615-49660-3</bdi>. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 November 2018.</ref><ref>[https://www.un.org/en/ga/sessions/emergency.shtml "Emergency Special sessions".] ''United Nations General Assembly''. United Nations. n.d. Archived from the original on 28 February 2022. Retrieved 17 January 2020.</ref><ref>United Nations General Assembly Session [https://undocs.org/A/RES/377(V) 5 ''Resolution'' ''377''. ''Uniting for Peace'' A/RES/377(V)] 3 November 1950.</ref> Dikopano tse di kgethegileng tsa tshoganyetso di ka bidiwa ke Lekgotla la Tshireletso fa di tshegediwa ke bonnye maloko a le supa, kgotsa ke bontsi jwa Dinaga tse e leng Maloko a Ditšhabakopano. Fa go na le diboutu tse di lekaneng, Kokoano e tshwanetse go kopana mo diureng di le 24, mme Maloko a itsisiwe bonnye diura di le lesomepedi pele ga go bulwa ga kopano. Go nnile le dikopano tse di kgethegileng tsa tshoganyetso di le 11 mo hisitoring ya Ditšhabakopano.<ref>[https://www.un.org/en/ga/about/ropga/prez.shtml "General Assembly of the United Nations".] ''United Nations''. Archived from the original on 26 July 2022. Retrieved 27 September 2022.</ref> == Dirwe tse di thusang == Ponagalo ya UNGA Ditho tse di thusang tsa Kokoano Kakaretso di kgaogantswe ka ditlhopha di le tlhano: dikomiti (30 ka kakaretso, di le thataro tse dikgolo), dikhomišene (di le thataro), diboto (di le supa), makgotla (di le nne) le diphanele (nngwe), ditlhopha tsa tiro, le "tse dingwe." '''Dikomiti''' '''Dikomitikgolo''' Dikomiti tse dikgolo di na le dinomoro ka tlwaelo, 1–6:<ref>[https://www.un.org/en/ga/maincommittees/index.shtml "Main Committees"]. ''United Nations General Assembly''. United Nations. Archived from the original on 23 October 2018. Retrieved 19 June 2018.</ref> * Komiti ya Ntlha: Go Tlosa Dibetsa le Tshireletsego ya Boditšhabatšhaba e tshwenyegile ka go tlosa dibetsa le dipotso tse di amanang le tshireletsego ya boditšhabatšhaba * Komiti ya Bobedi: ya Ikonomi le Ditšhelete e tshwenyegile ka dipotso tsa ikonomi * Komiti ya Boraro: ya Loago, Setso le Botho e bereka ka dikgang tsa loago le tsa botho * Komiti ya Bone: e e Kgethegileng ya Sepolotiki le Go Tlosa Bokoloniale e samagana le dikgang tse di farologaneng tsa sepolotiki tse di sa dirwang ke Komiti ya Ntlha, mmogo le go tlosa bokoloniale . * Komiti ya Botlhano: Tsamaiso le Tekanyetsokabo e dira ka tsamaiso le tekanyetsokabo ya Ditšhabakopano * Komiti ya Borataro: Semolao se dira ka dikgang tsa semolao Ditiro tsa bontsi jwa dikomiti tse dikgolo di fetogile fa nako e ntse e tsamaya. Go fitlha kwa bokhutlong jwa dingwaga tsa bo 1970, Komiti ya Ntlha e ne e le Komiti ya Sepolotiki le Tshireletsego mme gape go ne go na le palo e e lekaneng ya dikgang tsa tlaleletso tsa "polotiki" tse komiti e kgolo ya tlaleletso, e e senang dinomoro, e e bidiwang Komiti e e Kgethegileng ya Sepolotiki, le yona e neng e nna mo go yone. Komiti ya Bone e kile ya bo e tshwaragane le Botlhokomedi le Go Tlosa Bokoloniale Tseno ga di a balelwa dinomoro. Go ya ka webosaete ya Kokoano Kakaretso, tse di botlhokwa thata ke:<ref>"Main Committees". ''United Nations General Assembly''. United Nations. Archived from the original on 23 October 2018. Retrieved 19 June 2018</ref> * Komiti ya Ditshupo – Komiti eno e neilwe maikarabelo a go netefatsa gore ditshupo tsa bodipolomate tsa baemedi botlhe ba UN di mo thulaganyong. Komiti ya Ditshupo e na le Dinaga di le robongwe tse di leng Maloko tse di tlhophilweng go sa le gale mo kopanong nngwe le nngwe e e tlwaelegileng ya Kokoano Kakaretso. * Komiti Kakaretso – E ke komiti ya tlhokomelo e e neetsweng tiro ya go netefatsa gore kopano yotlhe ya Kokoano e tsamaya ka thelelo. Komiti Kakaretso e na le moporesidente le batlatsaporesidente ba kopano ya ga jaana ya Kokoano Kakaretso le modulasetulo wa nngwe le nngwe ya Dikomiti tse dikgolo tse thataro. Dikomiti tse dingwe tsa Kokoano Kakaretso di a balwa.<ref>[https://www.un.org/en/ga/about/subsidiary/committees.shtml "Subsidiary Organs of the General Assembly: Committees". ''United Nations General Assembly''. United Nations. Archived from t]he original on 4 November 2018. Retrieved 19 June 2018.</ref> '''Dikhuduthamaga''' Go na le dikhuduthamaga di le thataro:<ref>"Subsidiary Organs of the General Assembly: Commissions". ''United Nations General Assembly''. United Nations. Archived from the original on 17 November 2018. Retrieved 19 June 2018.</ref> * Khuduthamaga ya Ditšhabakopano ya go Tlosa Dibetsa, e e tlhomilweng ke Tshwetso ya GA 502 (VI) le S-10/2. * Khuduthamaga ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Tirelosetšhaba, e e tlhomilweng ke Tshwetso ya GA 3357 (XXIX) * Khuduthamaga ya Molao wa Boditšhabatšhaba, e e tlhomilweng ke Tshwetso ya GA 174 (II) * Khuduthamaga ya Ditšhabakopano ya Molao wa Kgwebisano wa Boditšhabatšhaba (UNCITRAL), e e tlhomilweng ke Tshwetso ya GA 2205 (XXI) * Khuduthamaga ya Poelano ya Ditšhabakopano ya Palesetina, e e tlhomilweng ke Tshwetso ya GA 194 (III) * Khuduthamaga ya go Aga Kagiso ya Ditšhabakopano, e e tlhomilweng ke Tshwetso ya GA 60/180 le Ditshwetso tsa Lekgotla la Tshireletsego la UN 1645 (2005) le 1646 (2005) Le fa leina la yone le ntse jalo, Khomišene ya pele ya Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng ya Ditshwanelo tsa Batho (UNCHR) tota e ne e le setlhopha se se thusang ECOSOC. '''Diboto''' Go na le diboto di le supa tse di arogantsweng ka ditlhopha di le pedi: a) Diboto tsa Khuduthamaga le b) Diboto<ref>[https://www.un.org/en/ga/about/subsidiary/boards.shtml "Subsidiary Organs of the General Assembly: Boards"]. ''United Nations General Assembly''. United Nations. Archived from the original on 22 October 2018. Retrieved 19 June 2018.</ref> '''Diboto tsa Khuduthamaga''' Boto ya Khuduthamaga ya Letlole la Bana la Ditšhabakopano, e e tlhomilweng ke Tshwetso ya GA 57 (I) le 48/162 Boto ya Khuduthamaga ya Lenaneo la Tlhabololo la Ditšhabakopano le ya Letlole la Baagi la Ditšhabakopano, le le tlhomilweng ke Tshwetso ya GA ya 2029 (XX) le 48/162 Boto ya Khuduthamaga ya Lenaneo la Lefatshe la Dijo, le le tlhomilweng ke Tshwetso ya GA 50/8. '''Diboto''' Boto ya Baruni, e e tlhomilweng ke Tshwetso ya GA 74 (I) Boto ya Kgwebisano le Tlhabololo, e e tlhomilweng ke Tshwetso ya GA ya 1995 (XIX) Boto e e Kopanetsweng ya Phenšene ya Badiri ya Ditšhabakopano, e e tlhomilweng ke Tshwetso ya GA 248 (III) Boto ya Bogakolodi ka ga Dikgang tsa go Tlosa Dibetsa, e e tlhomilweng ke Tshwetso ya GA 37/99 K '''Dikhansele le diphanele''' Lekgotla le lesha ke Lekgotla la Ditshwanelo Tsa Batho la Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng, le le tsereng sebaka sa UNCHR e e umakilweng fa godimo ka Mopitlwe 2006. Go na le palogotlhe ya makgotla a le manè le phanele e le nngwe.<ref>"Subsidiary Organs of the General Assembly: Assemblies and Councils". ''United Nations General Assembly''. United Nations. Archived from the original on 22 October 2018. Retrieved 19 June 2018.</ref> == Ditlhopha tsa Tiro le tse dingwe == Go na le setlhopha se se farologaneng sa ditlhopha tsa tiro le mekgatlho e mengwe e e thusang. Manno Dinaga di nna ka tatelano ya dialefabete mo Kokoanong Kakaretso go ya ka dithanolo tsa Seesemane tsa maina a dinaga. Naga e e mo maemong a a kwa pele thata ka fa molemeng e laolwa ngwaga le ngwaga ke mokwaledikakaretso ka go goga ditlhopho. Dinaga tse di setseng di latela ka alefabete morago ga yone.<ref>''The PGA Handbook: A practical guide to the United Nations General Assembly'' (PDF). Permanent Mission of Switzerland to the United Nations. 2011. p. 18. ISBN <bdi>978-0-615-49660-3</bdi>. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2018. Retrieved 14 July 2017.</ref> == Diphetogo le UNPA == Ka 21 Mopitlwe 2005, Mokwaledikakaretso Kofi Annan o ne a tlhagisa pegelo, In Larger Freedom, e e neng ya kgala Kokoano Kakaretso ka ntlha ya go tlhoma mogopolo thata mo tumalanong mo e leng gore e ne e fetisa ditshwetso tse di fokoditsweng tse di bontshang "setlhopha se se kwa tlase se se tshwanang sa maikaelelo a a farologaneng thata, gape o ne a kgala Kokoano Kakaretso." go na le go tlhoma mogopolo mo "dikgannyeng tse dikgolo tsa nako eo, tse di jaaka go fuduga ga boditšhabatšhaba le tumalano e e tseneletseng e e sa bolong go ngangisanwa ka yone ka ga borukhutlhi." Annan o ne a akantsha gore go tokafadiwe lenaneo la Kokoano Kakaretso, thulaganyo ya komiti le ditsamaiso; go nonotsha seabe le taolo ya mopresidente wa yona; go tokafatsa seabe sa setšhaba sa baagi; le go tlhoma mokgwa wa go sekaseka ditshwetso tsa dikomiti tsa yona, gore go fokodiwe ditaelo tse di sa tlamelweng ka matlole le taolo e nnye ya Bokwaledi jwa Ditšhabakopano. Annan o gakolotse maloko a UN ka maikarabelo a bone a go diragatsa diphetogo, fa ba solofela go lemoga ditokafatso mo go nneng le matswela a UN.<ref>[https://www.un.org/largerfreedom/chap5.htm "Report of the Secretary-General in Larger Freedom towards development, security and human rights for all".] Archived from the original on 25 January 2019. Retrieved 31 August 2017.</ref> Ditshisinyo tsa diphetogo ga di a tsewa ke Samiti ya Lefatshe ya Ditšhabakopano ka Lwetse 2005. Go na le moo, Samiti e ne ya tlhomamisa fela boemo jo bo botlhokwa jwa Kokoanokakaretso jaaka setheo se segolo sa dipuisano, sa go dira dipholisi le sa boemedi jwa Ditšhabakopano, mmogo le seabe sa bogakolodi sa Kokoano mo thulaganyong ya go tlhomamisa melao ya boditšhabatšhaba. Samiti e ne gape ya kopa gore go nonotshiwe kamano magareng ga Kokoanokakaretso le ditheo tse dingwe tse dikgolo go netefatsa kgokagano e e botoka mo dintlheng tse di botlhokwa tse di tlhokang kgato e e gokagantsweng ke Ditšhabakopano, go ya ka ditaelo tsa bona ka go farologana.<ref>Johnstone, Ian (2008). [[doi:10.2307/30034539|"Legislation and Adjudication in the UN Security Council: Bringing down the Deliberative Deficit".]] ''American Journal of International Law''. 102. No 2 (2): 275–308. doi:10.2307/30034539. JSTOR 30034539. S2CID 144268191.</ref> Kokoano ya Palamente ya Ditšhabakopano, kgotsa Kokoano ya Batho ya Ditšhabakopano (UNPA), ke tlaleletso e e tshitshintsweng mo Tsamaisong ya Ditšhabakopano e kwa bofelong e ka letlang go tlhophiwa ka tlhamalalo ga maloko a palamente ya UN ke baagi lefatshe ka bophara. Mo Ngangisanong ya Kakaretso ya Kokoanokakaretso ya bo 65, Jorge Valero, yo o emetseng Venezuela, o ne a re "Ditšhabakopano di feditse sekao sa tsone mme ga se fela kgang ya go tswelela ka diphetogo,lekgolo la dingwaga la masome a mabedi le bongwe le batla diphetogo tse di tseneletseng tse di ka kgonegang fela ka go aga sešwa ga mokgatlho ono." O ne a supa go tlhoka mosola ga ditshwetso tse di amanang le thibelo ya Cuba le kgotlhang ya Botlhabagare jaaka mabaka a go bo sekao sa UN se paletswe. [e] sa tsamaisane le molawana wa tekatekano ya puso ya Dinaga."<ref>Assembly, General. [https://www.un.org/en/ga/65/meetings/generaldebate/View/SpeechView/tabid/85/smid/411/ArticleID/297/reftab/235/t/Venezuela-Bolivarian-Republic-of/Default.html "Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of H.E. Mr. Jorge Valero Briceño, Chairman of the Delegation".] ''United Nations''. Archived from the original on 14 September 2016. Retrieved 29 June 2017.</ref> Phetolo ya Kokoanokakaretso ya Ditšhabakopano e akaretsa ditshitshinyo tsa go fetola dithata le popego ya Kokoanokakaretso ya U.N. Seno se ka akaretsa, sekai, go naya Kokoano tiro ya go sekaseka gore dinaga tse e leng ditokololo di diragatsa ditshwetso tsa UNGA sentle go le kana kang,[53] go oketsa maatla a kopano kgatlhanong le Lekgotla la Tshireletso la Ditšhabakopano, kgotsa go dira gore dingangisano di nne tse di agang le tse di sa boaboelediweng thata.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170509111927/http://www.cfr.org/international-organizations-and-alliances/role-un-general-assembly/p13490 "The Role of the UN General Assembly"]. ''Council on Foreign Relations''. Archived from the original on 9 May 2017. Retrieved 11 January 2015.</ref> Kokoano Kakaretso ya U.N. e amogetse "Tumalano ya Isagwe," e leng leano la go rarabolola dikgwetlho tsa lefatshe lotlhe tse di akaretsang phetogo ya tlelaemete, taolo ya AI, go sa lekalekane, le dikgotlhang. E kopa gore go dirwe diphetogo mo Lekgotleng la Tshireletsego, go tlosiwe dibetsa tsa nuklea, le go akarediwa thata ga basha le basadi mo go tseyeng ditshwetso. Mokwaledi-Kakaretso wa U.N. Guterres o ne a rotloetsa baeteledipele go tsaya kgato ka maitlamo ano.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240923064857/https://www.africanews.com/2024/09/23/un-general-assembly-approves-blueprint-to-foster-global-unity/ "U.N. General Assembly approves blueprint to foster global unity".] 21 September 2024. Archived from the original on 23 September 2024. Retrieved 24 September 2024</ref> == Dintlha tsa Kokoano Kakaretso == Kopano ya ngwaga le ngwaga ya Kokoanokakaretso ya Ditšhabakopano e tsamaya le dikopano tse di ikemetseng magareng ga baeteledipele ba lefatshe, tse di itsegeng botoka jaaka dikopano tse di diragalang kwa thoko ga kopano ya Kokoano. Phuthego ya bodipolomate le yone e sa le e fetoga go nna beke e e gogelang batho ba ba humileng le ba ba nang le tlhotlheletso go tswa kwa lefatsheng lotlhe go tla kwa New York City go tla go samagana le dithulaganyo tse di farologaneng, go simolola ka tsa botho le tikologo go ya go tsa kgwebo le tsa sepolotiki.<ref>David Gelles (21 September 2017)[https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/21/business/ceos-un-week.html . "It's the U.N.'s Week, but Executives Make It a High-Minded Mingle"]. ''The New York Times''. Archived from the original on 22 September 2017. Retrieved 22 September 2017.</ref> == Metswedi == pr170vujls0nfp8oj5zgg9pcl7dv12y Morula 0 10844 54652 41417 2026-09-08T17:20:39Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 54652 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Sclerocarya birrea subsp. afra 50D 5867.jpg|thumb|Morula-leungo le matlhare a setlhare]] '''Morula,'''<ref>https://pza.sanbi.org/sclerocarya-birrea</ref> o itsegeng gape jaaka '''[https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/sclerocarya-birrea Marula]''' ke mofuta wa setlhare se se fitlhelwang mo dikarolong dingwe tsa Porofense ya [[Bokone Bophirima]] le dikarolo tse dingwe tsa [[Aforika Borwa]]. Setlhare sena se golela kwa godimo le go nna bophara. Se na le [[leungo]] la sone le le lone le bidiwang Morula. Se fitlhelwa mo mafelong a tshwana le [[Zeerust]] le [[Rustenburg]]. Lefelo le tshwana le Rustenburg le na motse o teeletsweng ka setlhare sena oo bidiwang gotwe [[Moruleng]]. Motse ona o bidiwa Moruleng ka lebaka la gore go tletse ditlhare tsa morula mo go one. Setlhare sa Maungo se se Nang le Botlhokwa jo Bogolo mo Ditirong Tsa Setso le Tsa Ngwao Hisitori le botlhokwa jwa setso sa setlhare sa marula kwa Borwa jwa Aforia. Setlhare sa marula ke sengwe sa ditlhare tse di itsegeng thata tse di fitlhelwang kwa borwa jwa Afrika. E gola kwa dinageng tse di jaaka Aforika Borwa, Botswana, Namibia, Zimbabwe le Mozambique. == Ditlhagiswa == Leungo la Morula le itsege gape ka go dira mofuta wa bojwala wa ''Liquer'' o bidiwang [[Amarula]]. Amarula jaaka nnotagi e tumile mo Aforika Borwa le mafelo a tshwana le [[Brazil]]. Morula gape o kgona go ntsha oli<ref>https://www.healthline.com/health/marula-oil-benefits</ref> e tumileng mo ditlhagisweng tse dingwe jaaka ditlhagiswa tsa go nolofatsa letlalo. == Metswedi/Ditshupetso == <references /> [[Category:South African villages]] [[Karolo:South African trees]] gz6vpydft8lh9lp5jyn3sbkqq0v7524 54653 54652 2026-09-08T17:21:06Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 54653 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Sclerocarya birrea subsp. afra 50D 5867.jpg|thumb|Morula-leungo le matlhare a setlhare]] '''Morula,'''<ref>https://pza.sanbi.org/sclerocarya-birrea</ref> o itsegeng gape jaaka '''[https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/sclerocarya-birrea Marula]''' ke mofuta wa setlhare se se fitlhelwang mo dikarolong dingwe tsa Porofense ya [[Bokone Bophirima]] le dikarolo tse dingwe tsa [[Aforika Borwa]]. Setlhare sena se golela kwa godimo le go nna bophara. Se na le [[leungo]] la sone le le lone le bidiwang Morula. Se fitlhelwa mo mafelong a tshwana le [[Zeerust]] le [[Rustenburg]]. Lefelo le tshwana le Rustenburg le na motse o teeletsweng ka setlhare sena oo bidiwang gotwe [[Moruleng]]. Motse ona o bidiwa Moruleng ka lebaka la gore go tletse ditlhare tsa morula mo go one. Setlhare sa Maungo se se Nang le Botlhokwa jo Bogolo mo Ditirong Tsa Setso le Tsa Ngwao Hisitori le botlhokwa jwa setso sa setlhare sa marula kwa Borwa jwa Aforia. Setlhare sa marula ke sengwe sa ditlhare tse di itsegeng thata tse di fitlhelwang kwa borwa jwa Afrika. E gola kwa dinageng tse di jaaka Aforika Borwa, Botswana, Namibia, Zimbabwe le Mozambique. == Ditlhagiswa == Leungo la Morula le itsege gape ka go dira mofuta wa bojwala wa ''Liquer'' o bidiwang [[Amarula]]. Amarula jaaka nnotagi e tumile mo Aforika Borwa le mafelo a tshwana le [[Brazil]]. Setlhare seno ga se tseelwe kwa godimo fela ka gonne se ungwa maungo a a nang le dikotla, mme gape se tseelwa kwa godimo ka gonne se ile sa nna karolo ya setso sa Baafrika ka dikokomana di le dintsi. Setlhare sa marula se amana thata le botshelo jwa setšhaba. Fa maungo a butswa, batho ba a kgobokanya. Leungo leno le ka jewa le le foreshe kgotsa le ka dirisediwa go dira dijo le dino tse di farologaneng. Nako eno ya thobo e ka nna nako e e botlhokwa ya go kopana mmogo ga malapa le batho ba ba nnang mo lefelong le le rileng. Morula gape o kgona go ntsha oli<ref>https://www.healthline.com/health/marula-oil-benefits</ref> e tumileng mo ditlhagisweng tse dingwe jaaka ditlhagiswa tsa go nolofatsa letlalo. == Metswedi/Ditshupetso == <references /> [[Category:South African villages]] [[Karolo:South African trees]] o31jl2jblpjceozh1frtjwm7kd72ij1 54654 54653 2026-09-08T17:21:34Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 54654 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Sclerocarya birrea subsp. afra 50D 5867.jpg|thumb|Morula-leungo le matlhare a setlhare]] '''Morula,'''<ref>https://pza.sanbi.org/sclerocarya-birrea</ref> o itsegeng gape jaaka '''[https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/sclerocarya-birrea Marula]''' ke mofuta wa setlhare se se fitlhelwang mo dikarolong dingwe tsa Porofense ya [[Bokone Bophirima]] le dikarolo tse dingwe tsa [[Aforika Borwa]]. Setlhare sena se golela kwa godimo le go nna bophara. Se na le [[leungo]] la sone le le lone le bidiwang Morula. Se fitlhelwa mo mafelong a tshwana le [[Zeerust]] le [[Rustenburg]]. Lefelo le tshwana le Rustenburg le na motse o teeletsweng ka setlhare sena oo bidiwang gotwe [[Moruleng]]. Motse ona o bidiwa Moruleng ka lebaka la gore go tletse ditlhare tsa morula mo go one. Setlhare sa Maungo se se Nang le Botlhokwa jo Bogolo mo Ditirong Tsa Setso le Tsa Ngwao Hisitori le botlhokwa jwa setso sa setlhare sa marula kwa Borwa jwa Aforia. Setlhare sa marula ke sengwe sa ditlhare tse di itsegeng thata tse di fitlhelwang kwa borwa jwa Afrika. E gola kwa dinageng tse di jaaka Aforika Borwa, Botswana, Namibia, Zimbabwe le Mozambique. == Ditlhagiswa == Leungo la Morula le itsege gape ka go dira mofuta wa bojwala wa ''Liquer'' o bidiwang [[Amarula]]. Amarula jaaka nnotagi e tumile mo Aforika Borwa le mafelo a tshwana le [[Brazil]]. Setlhare seno ga se tseelwe kwa godimo fela ka gonne se ungwa maungo a a nang le dikotla, mme gape se tseelwa kwa godimo ka gonne se ile sa nna karolo ya setso sa Baafrika ka dikokomana di le dintsi. Setlhare sa marula se amana thata le botshelo jwa setšhaba. Fa maungo a butswa, batho ba a kgobokanya. Leungo leno le ka jewa le le foreshe kgotsa le ka dirisediwa go dira dijo le dino tse di farologaneng. Nako eno ya thobo e ka nna nako e e botlhokwa ya go kopana mmogo ga malapa le batho ba ba nnang mo lefelong le le rileng. Morula gape o kgona go ntsha oli<ref>https://www.healthline.com/health/marula-oil-benefits</ref> e tumileng mo ditlhagisweng tse dingwe jaaka ditlhagiswa tsa go nolofatsa letlalo. Kafa maungo a marula a phuthiwang ka teng, a apewang le go jewa ka teng Gantsi maungo a Marula a kotulwa fa a wa mo setlhareng fa a sena go butswa. Leungo leno le na le letlalo le le serolwana le nama e e monate e e nkgang monate. Batho ba kgona go ja maungo a a foreshe, fa dithoro tse di mo teng ga maje le tsone di ka dirisiwa jaaka dijo. Marula gape ka metlha e ne e dirisiwa go dira dino. Mo mafelong mangwe, maungo ano a bedisiwa go dira bojalwa jwa setso. Ka jalo, go roba le go apaya marula go akaretsa kitso e e ileng ya fetisediwa go tswa mo kokomaneng e kgolwane go ya go e potlana. == Metswedi/Ditshupetso == <references /> [[Category:South African villages]] [[Karolo:South African trees]] qes20cyw7qwfzjxcizwf2hu6nekqvy5 54655 54654 2026-09-08T17:23:11Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 54655 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Sclerocarya birrea subsp. afra 50D 5867.jpg|thumb|Morula-leungo le matlhare a setlhare]] '''Morula,'''<ref>https://pza.sanbi.org/sclerocarya-birrea</ref> o itsegeng gape jaaka '''[https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/sclerocarya-birrea Marula]''' ke mofuta wa setlhare se se fitlhelwang mo dikarolong dingwe tsa Porofense ya [[Bokone Bophirima]] le dikarolo tse dingwe tsa [[Aforika Borwa]]. Setlhare sena se golela kwa godimo le go nna bophara. Se na le [[leungo]] la sone le le lone le bidiwang Morula. Se fitlhelwa mo mafelong a tshwana le [[Zeerust]] le [[Rustenburg]]. Lefelo le tshwana le Rustenburg le na motse o teeletsweng ka setlhare sena oo bidiwang gotwe [[Moruleng]]. Motse ona o bidiwa Moruleng ka lebaka la gore go tletse ditlhare tsa morula mo go one. Setlhare sa Maungo se se Nang le Botlhokwa jo Bogolo mo Ditirong Tsa Setso le Tsa Ngwao Hisetori le botlhokwa jwa setso sa setlhare sa marula kwa Borwa jwa Aforia. Setlhare sa marula ke sengwe sa ditlhare tse di itsegeng thata tse di fitlhelwang kwa borwa jwa Aforika. E gola kwa dinageng tse di jaaka Aforika Borwa, Botswana, Namibia, Zimbabwe le Mozambique.<ref>https://news.mongabay.com/2026/08/growing-indigenous-food-trees-in-east-africa-fights-malnutrition-and-biodiversity-loss/</ref> == Ditlhagiswa == Leungo la Morula le itsege gape ka go dira mofuta wa bojwala wa ''Liquer'' o bidiwang [[Amarula]]. Amarula jaaka nnotagi e tumile mo Aforika Borwa le mafelo a tshwana le [[Brazil]]. Setlhare seno ga se tseelwe kwa godimo fela ka gonne se ungwa maungo a a nang le dikotla, mme gape se tseelwa kwa godimo ka gonne se ile sa nna karolo ya setso sa Baafrika ka dikokomana di le dintsi. Setlhare sa marula se amana thata le botshelo jwa setšhaba. Fa maungo a butswa, batho ba a kgobokanya. Leungo leno le ka jewa le le foreshe kgotsa le ka dirisediwa go dira dijo le dino tse di farologaneng. Nako eno ya thobo e ka nna nako e e botlhokwa ya go kopana mmogo ga malapa le batho ba ba nnang mo lefelong le le rileng.<ref>https://news.uj.ac.za/news/the-limpopo-villagers-keeping-their-mopane-and-marula-trees-standing/</ref> Morula gape o kgona go ntsha oli<ref>https://www.healthline.com/health/marula-oil-benefits</ref> e tumileng mo ditlhagisweng tse dingwe jaaka ditlhagiswa tsa go nolofatsa letlalo. Kafa maungo a marula a phuthiwang ka teng, a apewang le go jewa ka teng Gantsi maungo a Marula a kotulwa fa a wa mo setlhareng fa a sena go butswa. Leungo leno le na le letlalo le le serolwana le nama e e monate e e nkgang monate. Batho ba kgona go ja maungo a a foreshe, fa dithoro tse di mo teng ga maje le tsone di ka dirisiwa jaaka dijo. Marula gape ka metlha e ne e dirisiwa go dira dino. Mo mafelong mangwe, maungo ano a bedisiwa go dira bojalwa jwa setso. Ka jalo, go roba le go apaya marula go akaretsa kitso e e ileng ya fetisediwa go tswa mo kokomaneng e kgolwane go ya go e potlana.<ref>https://www.nutraingredients.com/Article/2026/02/18/its-moment-has-arrived-marula-fruit-ripe-for-global-functional-food-success/</ref> == Metswedi/Ditshupetso == <references /> [[Category:South African villages]] [[Karolo:South African trees]] 60mbrs4snv1ccga0yj9dypvqmn411ic Namibia Economist 0 11316 54632 44315 2026-09-08T15:07:30Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 54632 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox newspaper|name=Namibia Economist|type=Pampiri ya dikgang ya letsatsi le letsatsi|format=Mo maranyaneng|owners=Graphis, Printing, Publishing & Advertising cc|editor=Daniel Steinmann|language=Sekgoa|headquarters=Windhoek|issn=1028-9143|website=economist.com.na|publishing_country=Namibia}} '''''Namibia Economist''''' ke pampiri ya dikgang ya kwa [[Namibia]] e e gatisiwang mo maranyaneng e e itebagantseng le dikgwebo tsa mo gae le ditopic tsa madi. E gatisiwa ka puo ya Sekgoa fela. Morulaganyi wa yone ke Daniel Steinmann. E gatisitswe e le lantlha ka 1991, e ne e le pampiri e e gatisitsweng ya kgwedi le kgwedi. Pampiri e ya Namibia Economist e gatisitse labofelo mo pamirping ka Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa 2016.<ref>Nakashole, Ndama (7 December 2016). [https://web.archive.org/web/20180915002140/https://www.namibian.com.na/48913/read/Economist-retrenches-12-in-digital-move "Economist retrenches 12 in digital move"]. [[:en:The_Namibian|''The Namibian''.]] p. 3.</ref> Lefelo la yone la maranyane le tlhamilwe ka 2001 le ntse le tsweletse.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250724005130/http://economist.com.na/20832/headlines/economist-goes-fully-digital/ "Economist goes fully digital".] ''Namibia Economist''. 6 December 2016.</ref> == Metswedi == 1y0sve3zrue3ajp9eg4d0btbtv0n9j1 Viola Motsumi 0 11835 54666 44779 2026-09-08T21:15:58Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 54666 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Viola Motsumi|office=Leloko la khansele ya bokone botlhaba ya thuto|term_start=Morule a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa 2022|premier=[[Lazarus Mokgosi]] [[Bushy Maape]]|predecessor=[[Wendy Matsemela]]|office1=Mothusa motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente ya bokone botlhaba|term_start1=Motsheganong a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa 2019|term_end1=Morule a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa 2022|predecessor1=[[Jane Manganye]]|successor1=[[Lenah Miga]]|office2=Leloko la palamente ya bokone bophirima|term_start2=Motsheganong a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa 2019|birth_name=Ntsetsao Viola Motsumi|birth_date=Firikgong a le malatsi a mabedi ngw aga wa 1983|nationality=mo Aforika Borwa|education=Mmabatho High School|alma_mater=[[North-West University]]|profession=Mopolotiki}} '''Ntsetsao Viola Motsumi''' (o o tshotsweng ka Firikgong a le malatsi a mabedi ngw aga wa 1983) ke mopolotiki wa kwa [[Aforika Borwa]]. Ka Motsheganong 2019, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mothusa motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente ya kgaolo ya bokone bophirima, se sa mo dira motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente o mmotlana go feta botlhe ba ba tsileng pele ga gagwe kwa Aforika Borwa. Ka Ngwanatsele 2022, o ne a tlhomiwa leloko la khansele ya thuto ya kgaolo ya bokone bophirima. Motsumi ke leloko la phathi ya polotiki ya [[African National Congress]]. == Botshelo jwa a le mmotlana le thuto == Motsumi o tsholestwe kwa motseng wa Madibe-Makgabane.<ref name=":0">[https://news.nwu.ac.za/nwu-alumna-and-deputy-speaker-strives-be-role-model-young-girls "NWU alumna and deputy speaker strives to be a role model for young girls".] ''North-West University''. Retrieved 17 November 2025</ref> O alogile kwa Mmabatho High School ka 2001 a ya go tsweledisa dithuto kwa sekolong se segolwane sa ithutelo ditiro sa [[North-West University]]. Go tswa kwa sekolong seo, o alogile ka B.Sc degree ya ditshidinyana. O ne a aloga gape ka MBA kwa sekolong seo ka 2019. Mostumi o berekile e le morutabana kwa Mmabatho High School, ka 2008 go tsena 2015.<ref name=":0" /> == Tiro ya sepolotiki == Ka Motsheganong 2019, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna moemedi wa African National Congress kwa palamenteng ya kgaolo ya bokone bophirima. O ne a tlhomamisiwa e le mopalamente ka Motsheganong a le masome mabedi le bobedi. Ka letsatsi leo, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mothusa motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente, a tlhatlhama [[Jane Manganye]].<ref>Montsho, Molaole (21 May 2019). [https://iol.co.za/news/politics/2019-05-21-anc-appoints-presiding-officers-in-north-west/ "ANC appoints presiding officers in North West"]. ''IOL''. Retrieved 17 November 2025</ref><ref>[https://www.sanews.gov.za/south-africa/provincial-legislatures-swear-new-members "Provincial legislatures swear in new members".] ''sanews.gov.za''. 22 May 2019. Retrieved 17 November 2025</ref> Ka nako eo, Motsumi e ne e le motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente o mmotlana go feta ba ba tsileng pele ga gagwe kwa Aforika Borwa.<ref name=":0" /> Ka Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le boedi ngwaga wa 2022, [[Bushy Maape]] o ne a tswakanya khansele ya gagwe, selo se sa baka gore Motrsumi a nne leloko la khansele ya thuto.<ref>Reporter, Citizen (22 November 2022). [https://www.citizen.co.za/news/south-africa/politics/north-west-premier-reshuffles-cabinet/ "North West premier reshuffles Cabinet, fires two MECs".] ''The Citizen''. Retrieved 17 November 2025</ref> O ne a ithola marapo mo go tsamaiseng dipuisano ka Morule a le malatsi a supa ngw aga wa 2022, a nna tona wa thuto, a tlhatlhama [[Wendy Matsemela]], o a neng a ithotse marapo mo pusong.<ref>[https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/premier-bush-maape-appoints-ms-viola-ntsetsao-motsumi-new-education-mec-north "Premier Bush Maape appoints Ms Viola Ntsetsao Motsumi as new Education MEC in North West | South African Government"]. ''www.gov.za''. Retrieved 17 November 2025</ref><ref>Zulu, Nompilo (7 December 2022). [https://sundayworld.co.za/politics/ntsetsao-motsumi-resigns-as-speaker-for-north-west-legislature/ "Ntsetsao Motsumi resigns as speaker for North West legislature".] ''Sunday World''. Retrieved 17 November 2025</ref> Ka Seetebosigo 2024, Motsumi o ne a thapiwa gape e le tona wa thuto ke [[Lazarus Mokgosi]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250125170623/https://www.nwpg.gov.za/news/premier-mokgosi-on-the-appointment-of-the-7th-administration-executive-council/ "PREMIER MOKGOSI ON THE APPOINTMENT OF THE 7TH ADMINISTRATIVE EXECUTIVE COUNCIL. – North West Provincial Government".] 20 June 2024. Retrieved 17 November 2025</ref> == Metswedi == h70eqf588ku3bpb4ladfqvmyg4hvwvc Nana Aba Anamoah 0 11959 54633 45019 2026-09-08T15:11:00Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 54633 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nana Aba Anamoah''' (leina la tsalo: Rosemond Nana Aba McEwan-Anamoah,[https://www.sophiaapenkro.com/beyond-the-face-nana-aba-anamoah/ <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>][[https://www.sophiaapenkro.com/beyond-the-face-nana-aba-anamoah/ 2]] o belegwe ka la 19 Seetebosigo 1980) [3] ke motho wa media wa kwa Ghana. [[https://www.glitzafrica.com/glitz-top-100-inspirational-women/ 4]] [5] Go fitlha a tlogela go dira kwa TV3, o ne a tlhagisa dikgang le go tsamaisa mananeo a a kwa godimo, go akaretsa The Divas Show. 6] O itsege jaaka 'English Madam' mo metsweding ya dikgang ka ntlha ya go bua Seesimane ka thelelo.[ O ne a le Motsamaisi-Kakaretso wa GHOne TV le Starr 103.5 FM. Ga jaana ke mokaedi wa tlhabololo ya kgwebo ya netweke ya EIB. Gape ke moemedi wa kgwele ya dinao ya basadi kwa Ghana. 12][13][14] Anamoah ke leloko la komiti ya Women's Premier League kwa Ghana. [16][17] Gape ke motho yo o ratang kgwele ya dinao thata mme o tshegetsa Manchester United le Accra Great Olympics.[https://footballghana.com/great-olympics-staunch-fan-nana-aba-anamoah-makes-donation-to-team-ahead-of-christmas <nowiki>[ 18]</nowiki>][[https://web.archive.org/web/20240427132250/https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/showbiz/news/201509/255653.php 19]] == Dithutego == Anamoah o tswa kwa Ghana National College mme o na le thutego ya Development Finance go tswa kwa University of Ghana Business School. O ne gape a fetsa dithuto tsa gagwe tsa banka le tsa madi kwa GIMPA. O tsere dithuto tsa Thuto ya Taolo go akaretswa le ya Boeteledipele jwa Ngwagakgolo wa bo21 go tswa kwa Sekolong sa Harvard Kennedy (Harvard University)[https://yen.com.gh/103465-nana-aba-anamoah-biography-family.html .[ 5]][https://yen.com.gh/103465-nana-aba-anamoah-biography-family-home.html [20]] == Dietsele == • TV Personality of the Year, RTP Awards (2017, 2019).[21][https://rtpawardsafrica.com/winners/2017-2/ <nowiki>[22]</nowiki>] •TV Personality (Female), Glitz Africa Awards 2018.[https://www.glitzafrica.com/list-of-winners-of-ghana-entertainment-awards-2018/ <nowiki>[23]</nowiki>] •TV News Anchor of the Year (2004, 2008, 2012, 2017). •TV Development Show Host of the Year, RTP Awards 2018.[https://mobile.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/2018-RTP-Awards-Stacy-Amoateng-tops-all-full-list-of-winners-690780 <nowiki>[24]</nowiki>] •Excellence in Media Honors at the Ghana Women of the Year Honors 2019.[https://www.glitzafrica.com/ghana-women-of-the-year-honours-2019/ <nowiki>[25]</nowiki>] == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Nana Aba Anamoah ke Mokatoliki. O ne a tlogela sekolo sa gagwe sa bongaka morago ga go itse gore o imile.[ 26] Ke mmaagwe ngwana a le mongwe[https://web.archive.org/web/20241226185328/https://ghanaguardian.com/nana-aba-anamoah-reveals-the-challenges-she-faced-at-age-20-with-her-son <nowiki>,[27]</nowiki>] morwa Jyotir, yo o tsenang sekolo kwa United States.[https://mobile.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Nana-Aba-Anamoah-s-son-starts-University-in-the-U-S-714208 <nowiki>[ 28]</nowiki>] == Tiro ya bopelotshweu == O itsege gape ka ditiro tsa gagwe tsa bopelotlhomogi; ka 25 Ferikgong 2022, o simolotse Hearts Wide Open, motheo o o tlhomilweng go direla jaaka tsamaiso ya tshegetso go bao ba tlhokang matlole a tshoganyetso a kalafi, dituelo tsa sekolo jj. [https://www.sophiaapenkro.com/beyond-the-face-nana-aba-anamoah/ <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>] [https://web.archive.org/web/20220128091932/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Cheddar-gifts-Nana-Aba-s-boy-an-all-expenses-paid-trip-to-Dubai-1455190 <nowiki>29]</nowiki>] Ka Moranang 2023, Nana Aba o ne a thusa monna mongwe ka madi yo o neng a fiwa tiro kwa United Kingdom mme a se na madi a go ya go tlhatlhobiwa ke ngaka. [https://www.sophiaapenkro.com/beyond-the-face-nana-aba-anamoah/ <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>] [https://www.modernghana.com/news/1223592/consider-it-done-ill-sort-it-out-for-him-nana.html <nowiki>30]</nowiki>] == Metswedi == [https://www.sophiaapenkro.com/beyond-the-face-nana-aba-anamoah/ <nowiki>[1] "Beyond the Face: Nana Aba Anamoah - Sophia Apenkro Blog</nowiki>]". 2023-08-18. Retrieved 2024-05-03. [https://www.sophiaapenkro.com/beyond-the-face-nana-aba-anamoah/ <nowiki>[2] "sophiaapenkro beyond-the-face-nana-aba-anamoah</nowiki>]". sophiaapenkro. 18 August 2023. [https://mobile.ghanaweb.com/person/Nana-Aba-Anamoah-3364 <nowiki>[3] "Nana Aba Anamoah, Biography</nowiki>]". ghanaweb. Retrieved 2021-08-02. [https://www.glitzafrica.com/glitz-top-100-inspirational-women/ <nowiki>[4] "Glitz top 100 inspirational women – Page 100 – Glitz Africa Magazine</nowiki>]". Retrieved 2022-05-28. [5] Shem, Shemcy (2018-01-15). "[https://yen.com.gh/103465-nana-aba-anamoah-biography-family.html Interesting Details About Nana Aba Anamoah and Her Family]". Yen- Ghana news. Retrieved 2019-09-28. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230829202654/https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/photos/381/18368.php <nowiki>[6] "Biggie-small, Nana Aba Anamoah of TV3 Divas Show fame</nowiki>]". Archived from the original on 2023-08-29. Retrieved 2023-08-29. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240618142422/https://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2022/04/29/nana-aba-anamoah-biography-age-husband-son-net-worth/ <nowiki>[7]</nowiki>] Boye, Maurice Divine (2022-04-29). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20240618142422/https://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2022/04/29/nana-aba-anamoah-biography-age-husband-son-net-worth/ Nana Aba Anamoah Biography, Age, Husband, Son, Net Worth]". GhanaCelebrities.Com. Archived from the original on 2024-06-18. Retrieved 2024-05-11. [8] Debrah, Ameyaw. "Nana Aba Anamoah Appointed General Manager Of GhOne TV - Ameyaw Debrah". Retrieved 2021-03-18. [https://www.myjoyonline.com/ndc-has-done-more-for-healthcare-in-ghana-than-npp-sammy-gyamfi-responds-to-nana-aba-anamoah/ <nowiki>[9] "NDC has done more for healthcare in Ghana than NPP - Sammy Gyamfi responds to Nana Aba Anamoah - MyJoyOnline.com". myjoyonline</nowiki>]. 17 May 2021. Retrieved 2021-05-18. [https://mobile.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Nana-Aba-Anamoah-steps-down-from-role-as-EIB-general-manager-takes-charge-of-business-development-1869668 <nowiki>[10] "Nana Aba Anamoah steps down from role as EIB general manager, takes charge of business development</nowiki>]". GhanaWeb. 2023-10-26. Retrieved 2024-04-10. [11] Dzidzoamenu, Isaac (2023-10-26). "Nana Aba Anamoah promoted to EIB Business Dev't Director — Kasapa102.5FM". Retrieved 2024-04-10. [12] "Ambassador for women football". ghanasoccernet. 28 April 2016. Retrieved 16 March 2022. [https://www.myjoyonline.com/moys-to-unveil-nana-aba-anamoah-sandra-ankobiah-as-womens-football-ambassadors/ <nowiki>[13] "MoYS to unveil Nana Aba Anamoah, Sandra Ankobiah as women's football ambassadors - MyJoyOnline</nowiki>]". www.myjoyonline.com. 2016-04-26. Retrieved 2024-04-02. [http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/SportsArchive/Minister-endorses-Nana-Aba-Anamoah-and-Sandra-Akobea-as-ambassadors-for-women-football-434764?gallery=2 <nowiki>[14] "Minister endorses Nana Aba Anamoah and Sandra Akobea as ambassadors for women football</nowiki>]". GhanaWeb. Retrieved 2024-04-02. [https://www.graphic.com.gh/sports/sports-news/rosalind-amoh-nana-aba-get-women-s-league-appointments.html <nowiki>[15] "Rosalind Amoh, Nana Aba get Women's League appointments</nowiki>]". Graphic Online. 2019-11-27. Retrieved 2019-11-27. [https://www.ghanafa.org/gfa-names-members-of-womens-league-committee <nowiki>[16]</nowiki>] Association, Ghana Football. "[https://www.ghanafa.org/gfa-names-members-of-womens-league-committee GFA names members of Women's League Committee]". www.ghanafa.org. Retrieved 2024-04-02. [[https://www.ghanafa.org/gfa-names-members-of-womens-league-committee 17]] Association, Ghana Football. "[https://www.ghanafa.org/gfa-names-members-of-womens-league-committee GFA names members of Women's League Committee]". www.ghanafa.org. Retrieved 2024-05-03. [https://footballghana.com/great-olympics-staunch-fan-nana-aba-anamoah-makes-donation-to-team-ahead-of-christmas <nowiki>[18] "Great Olympics staunch fan Nana Aba Anamoah makes donation to team ahead of Christmas"</nowiki>]. Footballghana. 22 December 2020. Retrieved 2021-03-18. [19] Online, Peace FM. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20240427132250/https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/showbiz/news/201509/255653.php Nana Aba Anamoah's Alleged Old Trafford "Selfie" Causes Controversy+Photos]". Peacefmonline.com - Ghana news. Archived from the original on 2024-04-27. Retrieved 2024-06-15. [[https://yen.com.gh/103465-nana-aba-anamoah-biography-family-home.html 20]] Mwendwa, Venic (2020-10-23). "[https://yen.com.gh/103465-nana-aba-anamoah-biography-family-home.html Nana Aba Anamoah biography: age, husband, kids, education, house, home region]". Yen.com.gh - Ghana news. Retrieved 2024-03-12. [21] "RTP Awards 2019: Check out the full list of winners". Pulse Ghana. 2019-10-13. Retrieved 2021-03-18. [https://rtpawardsafrica.com/winners/2017-2/ <nowiki>[22] "RTP Awards Africa | 2017</nowiki>]". Retrieved 2021-03-18. [https://www.glitzafrica.com/list-of-winners-of-ghana-entertainment-awards-2018/ <nowiki>[23] "List of winners of Ghana Entertainment awards 2018 – Glitz Africa Magazine</nowiki>]". Retrieved 2019-09-28. [https://mobile.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/2018-RTP-Awards-Stacy-Amoateng-tops-all-full-list-of-winners-690780 <nowiki>[24] "2018 RTP Awards: Stacy Amoateng tops all + full list of winners</nowiki>]". ghanaweb. Retrieved 2019-09-28. [https://www.glitzafrica.com/ghana-women-of-the-year-honours-2019/ <nowiki>[25] "Ghana Women of the Year Honours 2019 – Glitz Africa Magazine</nowiki>]". Retrieved 2021-03-19. [26] Day, Gideon Nicholas (2024-02-16). "I abandoned medical school to give birth - Nana Aba Anamoah reveals". Pulse Ghana. Retrieved 2024-05-11. [https://web.archive.org/web/20241226185328/https://ghanaguardian.com/nana-aba-anamoah-reveals-the-challenges-she-faced-at-age-20-with-her-son <nowiki>[27] "Nana Aba Anamoah reveals the challenges she faced at age 20 with her son</nowiki>]". The Guardian News- Ghana. Retrieved 2023-07-19. [https://mobile.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Nana-Aba-Anamoah-s-son-starts-University-in-the-U-S-714208 <nowiki>[28] "Nana Aba Anamoah's son starts University in the U.</nowiki>]S". ghanaweb. 2019-01-10. Retrieved 2021-03-19. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220128091932/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Cheddar-gifts-Nana-Aba-s-boy-an-all-expenses-paid-trip-to-Dubai-1455190 <nowiki>[29] "Cheddar gifts Nana Aba's boy an all expenses paid trip to Dubai</nowiki>]". GhanaWeb. 2022-01-27. Archived from the original on 2022-01-28. Retrieved 2022-01-28. [https://www.modernghana.com/news/1223592/consider-it-done-ill-sort-it-out-for-him-nana.html <nowiki>[30]</nowiki>] Distinguished, Isaac Donkor (April 9, 2023). [https://www.modernghana.com/news/1223592/consider-it-done-ill-sort-it-out-for-him-nana.html "Consider it done; I'll sort it out for him – Nana Aba Anamoah promises to help a needy guy]". Modern Ghana. Retrieved 19 July 2023 m2f5uk6m23kpgmgbvcrmjika7hhc9ch Oshosheni Hiveluah 0 11975 54635 45044 2026-09-08T16:36:34Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 54635 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Oshosheni Hiveluah|birth_date=22 October 1981|birth_place=Luanda, Angola|death_date=10 October 2019|alma mater=Namibia University of Science and Technology|occupation=writer, producer, and director.|known for=Tjitji the Himba Girl and 100 Bucks|parents=Ulitala Monnica Nameuja and Tuli Hiveluah|nationality=Namibian}} '''Oshosheni Hiveluah''' (Phalane a le masome mabedi le bobedi 1981- Phalane a le lesome ka 2019)<ref>Solomons, Jonathan (2019-10-11). [https://allafrica.com/stories/201910110681.html "Namibia: Film Industry Mourns Hiveluah"]. ''allAfrica.com''. Retrieved 22 Ngwanaatsele 2025.</ref> e ne e le mokwadi, motlhami le motsamaisi wa kwa [[Namibia]].<ref>Ejikeme, Anene (2011-07-31). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=MSLyZhzAmTAC&dq=oshosheni+hiveluah&pg=PA68 Culture and Customs of Namibia]''. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-0-313-35891-3.</ref> O itsege thata ka difilimi tsa ''[[Tjitji the Himba Girl]]'' le ''[[100 Bucks]]''. == Botshelo le dithutego == Oshosheni o belegetswe kwa [[Luanda]], [[Angola]], ka Phalane a le masome mabedi le bobedi ka 1981 ke Ulitala Monnica Nameuja le Tuli Hiveluah mme o ne a romelwa kwa Jeremane, GDR ya maloba, fa a ne a le dingwaga di le tharo. Lelapa la gagwe le ne la boela kwa Namibia morago ga boipuso.[ Oshosheni o feditse dithuto tsa gagwe tsa sekolo se segolwane kwa Deutsche Höhere Privatschule kwa Namibia. O tsene kwa CityVarsity Multi Media School kwa Cape Town. Oshosheni o ne gape a ithuta go dira difilimi tse di gatetseng pele tsa thelebišene ka fa tlase ga Fulbright Alumni kwa Namibia University of Science and Technology. == Tiro == Oshosheni o simolotse tiro ya gagwe ka filimi ya gagwe ya ntlha ya moithuti ya Tulila's Fate e e neng ya gapa sekgele sa go tlhopha babogedi kwa Wild Cinema Film Festival ka 2004. O tlhomile Shooting Stars Agency ka 2010 le khampani ya Windhoek/Harare e e bidiwang Digital Afros. O ne gape a eteletse pele NGO e e bidiwang Emoona Cultural Foundation. [https://www.namibian.com.na/index.php?page=archive-read&id=194366 <nowiki>[3]</nowiki>] Oshosheni co-wrote 100 Bucks le Onesmus Shimfaweni.[ [https://books.google.com/books?id=okZbDwAAQBAJ&dq=100+bucks+Oshosheni-Hiveluahs&pg=PA218 <nowiki>7]</nowiki>] Filimi e bua thata ka madi a a kana ka R100 a a fetang ka batho ba ba farologaneng mo setšhabeng. [https://books.google.com/books?id=-2ekCgAAQBAJ&dq=100+bucks+Oshosheni-Hiveluahs&pg=PT44 <nowiki>[ 8]</nowiki>] Ka 2011, Oshosheni o amogetse Focus Features Africa First program Prize for 100 Bucks. [ 9] 100 Bucks e ne ya gapa gape le 2012 Namibian Theatre and Film Audience Choice, Best Director, Best Production Design, Best Screenplay and Best Film awards.[ 100 Bucks e ne ya bontshiwa kwa London ke mokgatlho o o sa direng poelo wa AfricAvenir Windhoek[1] mmogo le kwa New York ka 2012 kwa African Diaspora International Film Festival (ADIFF).[2] [https://shadowandact.com/adiff-2012-spotlight-on-namibia-features-a-great-looking-lineup-of-short-films-you-should-see <nowiki>[11]</nowiki>] Ka 2015, o ne a kwalwa mo gare ga Media Institute of Southern Africa basadi ba le lesome ba ba kwa godimo go lebelelwa mo media. 12] Tjitji the Himba Girl o itsege ka go roba mekgwa e e sa siamang kgatlhanong le basadi. 13] E ne ya gapa dikgele tsa cinematography le narrative film kwa Namibia Theatre le Film awards ka 2014.[https://web.archive.org/web/20201114154650/https://economist.com.na/9758/after-hours/best-namibian-film-and-theatre-productions-awarded/ <nowiki>[ 14]</nowiki>] E ne ya newa tlotlo e e kgethegileng kwa Bangalore Short Film Festival kwa Bangalore, India ka 2015.[ Tjitji the Himba Girl e ne gape e le filimi e khutshwane ya semmuso kwa Africa International Film Festival ka 2015.[https://face2faceafrica.com/article/five-most-acclaimed-female-filmmakers-from-africa-you-should-know <nowiki>[ 15]</nowiki>] Oshosheni e ne e le leloko la ba ba atlholang kwa Namibia Theatre and Film Awards ya 2019.[1] 16] O gopolwa ka dipontsho tsa botaki jaaka The Evoking Origin[17] le difilimi tsa Omeva le Cries at Night[https://face2faceafrica.com/article/five-most-acclaimed-female-filmmakers-from-africa-you-should-know <nowiki>.[ 15]</nowiki>] == Loso == Fa a ne a tlhokafala, o ne a dira mo porojekeng e e bidiwang The Village Tap. Hiveluah o tlhokafetse kwa Rhino Park Hospital ka Diphalane 2019 morago ga go lwa le bolwetse dingwaga di le mmalwa. [https://face2faceafrica.com/article/five-most-acclaimed-female-filmmakers-from-africa-you-should-know <nowiki>[16]</nowiki>] ==Metswedi== [https://allafrica.com/stories/201910110681.html <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>] Solomons, Jonathan (2019-10-11). "[https://allafrica.com/stories/201910110681.html Namibia: Film Industry Mourns Hiveluah]". allAfrica.com. Retrieved 2020-06-30. [https://books.google.com/books?id=MSLyZhzAmTAC&dq=oshosheni+hiveluah&pg=PA68 <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>] Ejikeme, Anene (2011-07-31). [https://books.google.com/books?id=MSLyZhzAmTAC&dq=oshosheni+hiveluah&pg=PA68 Culture and Customs of Namibia]. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-0-313-35891-3. [https://www.namibian.com.na/index.php?page=archive-read&id=194366 <nowiki>[3]</nowiki>] Namibian, The. [https://www.namibian.com.na/index.php?page=archive-read&id=194366 "Remembering Oshosheni"]. The Namibian. Retrieved 2020-06-30. [https://neweralive.na/posts/oshosheni-had-a-great-eye-for-scouting-talent-huebschle <nowiki>[4]</nowiki>] Staff Reporter (2019-10-14). "[https://neweralive.na/posts/oshosheni-had-a-great-eye-for-scouting-talent-huebschle Oshosheni had a great eye for scouting talent- Huebschle]". New Live. Retrieved 2020-06-30. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200627204620/https://www.namibianewsdigest.com/arts-guru-spoken-word-founder-dies/ <nowiki>[5] "Arts guru, Spoken Word founder dies</nowiki>]". www.namibianewsdigest.com. Archived from the original on 2020-06-27. Retrieved 2020-07-01. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200627122101/https://informante.web.na/tjitji-the-himba-girl/ <nowiki>[6] "Tjitji – The Himba Girl</nowiki>]". Informanté. 2019-03-01. Archived from the original on 2020-06-27. Retrieved 2020-06-30. [https://books.google.com/books?id=okZbDwAAQBAJ&dq=100+bucks+Oshosheni-Hiveluahs&pg=PA218 <nowiki>[7]</nowiki>] Sarala, Krishnamurthy; Helen, Vale (2018-04-30). [https://books.google.com/books?id=okZbDwAAQBAJ&dq=100+bucks+Oshosheni-Hiveluahs&pg=PA218 Writing Namibia: Literature in Transition]. University of Namibia Press. ISBN 978-99916-42-33-8. [https://books.google.com/books?id=-2ekCgAAQBAJ&dq=100+bucks+Oshosheni-Hiveluahs&pg=PT44 [8]] Nelmes, Jill; Selbo, Jule (2015-09-29). [https://books.google.com/books?id=-2ekCgAAQBAJ&dq=100+bucks+Oshosheni-Hiveluahs&pg=PT44 Women Screenwriters: An International Guide]. Springer. ISBN 978-1-137-31237-2. [9] savage, Sophia (2011-10-06). "Focus Features' Africa First Program Announces Winners of $10,000 Grants". IndieWire. Retrieved 2020-07-01. [https://www.namibiansun.com/news/namibian-short-films-to-be-screened-in-uk <nowiki>[10]</nowiki>] Marketing, Intouch Interactive. "[https://www.namibiansun.com/news/namibian-short-films-to-be-screened-in-uk Namibian short films to be screened in UK - Art And Entertainment - Namibian Sun]". www.namibiansun.com. Retrieved 2020-07-01. [https://shadowandact.com/adiff-2012-spotlight-on-namibia-features-a-great-looking-lineup-of-short-films-you-should-see <nowiki>[11] "ADIFF 2012 - 'Spotlight On Namibia' Features A Great-Looking Lineup Of Short Films You Should See</nowiki>]". shadowandact.com. Retrieved 2020-07-01. [12] Namibian, The. "Bringing Namibian Film to Life". The Namibian. Retrieved 2020-07-01. [https://www.namibiansun.com/news/women-in-film2018-11-23 <nowiki>[13]</nowiki>] Marketing, Intouch Interactive. "[https://www.namibiansun.com/news/women-in-film2018-11-23 Women in film - Art And Entertainment - Namibian Sun]". www.namibiansun.com. Retrieved 2020-06-30. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201114154650/https://economist.com.na/9758/after-hours/best-namibian-film-and-theatre-productions-awarded/ <nowiki>[14] "Best Namibian film and theatre productions awarded | Namibia Economist</nowiki>]". Retrieved 2020-07-01. [https://face2faceafrica.com/article/five-most-acclaimed-female-filmmakers-from-africa-you-should-know <nowiki>[15] "Five most acclaimed female filmmakers from Africa you should know - Page 5 of 6"</nowiki>]. Face2Face Africa. 2018-08-11. Retrieved 2020-07-01. [https://face2faceafrica.com/article/five-most-acclaimed-female-filmmakers-from-africa-you-should-know <nowiki>[16] "Filmmaker Oshosheni Hivelua has died"</nowiki>]. NBC. Archived from the original on 2020-06-27. Retrieved 2020-06-30. [17] "Film industry loses passionate storyteller | unWrap". Retrieved 2020-07-01. cy0hqvow7bdwee7cx2wj169lcqmkof4 Tsotso Tlhapi 0 12010 54662 45090 2026-09-08T20:55:02Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 54662 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Tsotso Tlhapi|office=Mokhanselara wa botaki,ngwao, methsameko le itloso bodutu|term_start=Phalane a rogwa ngwaga wa 2024|premier=[[Lazzy Mokgosi]]|predecessor=[[Collen Maine]]|office1=Mokhanselara wa tlhabololo itsholelo, tikologo, tshomarelo le bojana kwa [[Bokone Bophirima]]|term_start1=Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa 2022|term_end1=Seetebosigo a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa 2024|premier1=[[Bushy Maape]]|predecessor1=[[Kenetswe Mosenogi]]|successor1=[[Bitsa Lenkopane]]|office2=Mopalamente wa kgaolo wa [[Bokone Bophirima]]|term_start2=Phatwe a le malatsi a mabedi ngwaga wa 2016|predecessor2=[[Kgakgamatso Nkewu]]|birth_date=Phalane a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa 1979|party=[[African National Congress]]}} '''Galebekwe Virginia Tsotso Tlhapi''' (o o tshotsweng ka Phalane a robabongwe ngwaga wa 1979) ke mopolotiki wa kwa [[Aforika Borwa]] o o berekang e le mokhanselara wa botaki, ngwao, metshameko le itloso bodutu, o nnile mo ofising eo fa e sale ka Phalane 2024. Pele o nnile mo maemong ao go tswa ka Motsheganong 2019 go tsena Ngwanatsele 2022 a bereka e le mokhanselara wa itsholelo, tlhabololo, tikologo, tshomarelo le bojanala kwa [[Bokone Bophirima]] go tswa ka Ngwanatsele 2022 go fitlhelela Seetebosigo 2024. Ke leloko la palamente ya Bokone Bophirima mo phathing ya [[African National Congress]]. == Tiro ya sepolotiki == Tlhapi ke leloko la [[African National Congress]] le leloko la pele la lekgotla la banana la African National Congress. O kile a tshwarelela maemo a bodulasetilo a lekgotla la banana ba ANC kwa bokone bophirima, ke leloko la pele la komiti ya kgaolo ya ANC ya banana kwa kgaolong ya bojanala, le leloko la pele la komiti ya toropo ya tlhabololo itsholelo kwa mmasepaleng wa kgaolo ya [[Bojanala Platinum District Municipality|Bojanala]]. Tlhapi o ne a tlhomamisiwa e le leloko la palamente ya kgaolo ya [[Bokone Bophirima]] ka Phatwe a le malatsi a mabedi ngwaga wa 2016.<ref>[https://www.gov.za/speeches/north-west-legislature-speaker-welcomes-hon-virginia-galebekwe-tlhapi-new-mpl-3-aug-2016 "North West Legislature welcomes new member of Legislature Sussana Dantjie | South African Government".] ''www.gov.za''. Retrieved 24 November 2025</ref> Morago ga ditlhopho tsa 2019 tsa kgaolo, o ne a tlhomiwa leloko la khansele ya botaki, ngwao, metshameko le itloso boduth kwa pusong ya ga moeteledipele [[Job Mokgoro]] kwa Bokone Bophirima.<ref>Stone, Setumo. [https://www.news24.com/citypress/news/mokgoro-shuts-door-on-supra-allies-as-he-makes-sweeping-changes-in-north-west-20190528 "Supra allies out as Mokgoro makes sweeping changes in North West"]. ''Citypress''. Retrieved 24 November 2025</ref><ref>[https://iol.co.za/news/politics/2019-05-29-north-west-cabinet-mokgoro-praised-for-appointing-more-women/ "North West cabinet: Mokgoro praised for appointing more women".] ''www.iol.co.za''. Retrieved 24 November 2025</ref><ref>[https://www.sanews.gov.za/south-africa/provinces-announce-their-mecs "Provinces announce their MECs".] ''SAnews''. 29 May 2019. Retrieved 24 November 2025</ref> Ka Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa 2022,Tlhapi o ne a tlhomiwa mokhanselara wa itsholelo, tlhabololo, tshomarelo le bojanala<ref>Reporter, Citizen (22 November 2022). "[https://www.citizen.co.za/news/south-africa/politics/north-west-premier-reshuffles-cabinet/ North West premier reshuffles Cabinet, fires two MECs".] ''The Citizen''. Retrieved 24 November 2025</ref>. O berekile go fitlhelela ka Seetebosigo 2024, fa [[Bitsa Lenkopane]] a tlhomiwa mo maemong ke moeteledipele [[Lazarus Mokgosi]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250125170623/https://www.nwpg.gov.za/news/premier-mokgosi-on-the-appointment-of-the-7th-administration-executive-council/ "PREMIER MOKGOSI ON THE APPOINTMENT OF THE 7TH ADMINISTRATIVE EXECUTIVE COUNCIL. – North West Provincial Government".] 20 June 2024. Retrieved 24 November 2025</ref> Ka Phalane 2024, Tlhapi o ne a boela kwa khanseleng ka Phalane 2024 e le mokhanselara wa botaki, ngwao, metshamelo le itloso bodutu.<ref>Manjeya, Yamkeleka. [https://www.news24.com/citypress/politics/nw-reshuffle-tlhapi-replaces-maine-as-mec-in-a-controversial-gender-quota-move-20241001 "NW Reshuffle: Tlhapi replaces Maine as MEC in a controversial gender quota move".] ''City Press''. Retrieved 24 November 2025</ref> == Metswedi == qw0laj80rh2my1u0hs2ig9n728aobss Rakiatou Kaffa-Jackou 0 12618 54656 46734 2026-09-08T17:48:35Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 54656 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Rakiatou Kaffa-Jackou 2015-07-30.jpg|thumb|kaffa Rakiatou ]] '''Rakiatou Christelle Kaffa-Jackou''' (o belegwe ka ngwaga wa 1965) ke moenjenere wa difofane wa kwa [[Nigeria]] le mopolotiki yo o neng a direla jaaka Tona ya Baagi go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2016. == Dithutego le botshelo jwa pele == Kaffa-Jackou ke ene yo mogolo mo baneng ba le bane ba sepolotiki [[:en:Sanoussi_Jackou|Sanoussi Jackou]] le Françoise. O ne a ya kwa sekolong sa barongwa sa basetsana kwa Niamey. Kgaitsadie, Guimbia, e ne ya nna mmusi wa Niamey moragonyana[https://nigerdiaspora.net/index.php/nigerien-de-la-semaine/item/39147-la-nig%C3%A9rienne-de-la-semaine--mme-kaffa-jackou-rakiatou <nowiki>.[ 1]</nowiki>]O ithutile dipalo le physics kwa [[:en:Abdou_Moumouni_University|Abdou Moumouni University]] mme o na le Masters in Physics. O na gape le Dipoloma ya Boenjineri jwa Difofane go tswa kwa Sekolong sa Aforika le sa Malagasy sa Meteorology le Boenjineri jwa Difofane kwa Niamey le [[:en:PhD|PhD]] go tswa kwa [[:en:Toulouse_University|Toulouse University]] ka "Optimization and modeling of airport security". [https://live.worldbank.org/experts/rakiatou-christelle-kaffa-jackou <nowiki>[1][2]</nowiki>] == Tiro ya gagwe == Kaffa-Jackou o ne a dira jaaka karolo ya setlhopha sa botsamaisi sa [[:en:Diori_Hamani_International_Airport|Diori Hamani International Airport]] mme a ruta kwa Civil Aviation Academy dingwaga di le robongwe. O ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la [[:en:ECOWAS|ECOWAS]] kwa [[:en:Abuja|Abuja]] ka maikarabelo a pabalesego ya difofane tsa baagi mo dinageng tsa maloko a ECOWAS. Ka 2001, Kaffa-Jackou o ne a le boikarabelo jwa go tlhoma Air Niger International ka kopo ya puso ya Niger.[https://nigerdiaspora.net/index.php/nigerien-de-la-semaine/item/39147-la-nig%C3%A9rienne-de-la-semaine--mme-kaffa-jackou-rakiatou <nowiki>[ 1]</nowiki>] Kaffa-Jackou o ne a nna leloko la [[:en:Nigerien_Self-Management_Party|Nigerien Self-Management Party]], e e tlhomilweng ke rraagwe. O ne a tlhophiwa go nna Motlatsa Tona ya Tlhabololo ya Madirelo ka 2013 le Tona ya Kopanyo ya Aforika ka 2015.[https://live.worldbank.org/experts/rakiatou-christelle-kaffa-jackou <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>] O ne a tlhophiwa go nna Tona ya Baagi ka 2016 ke Tautona [[:en:Mahamadou_Issoufou|Mahamadou Issoufou]]. Ka Moranang wa 2017, o ne a bua le Khomišene ya Ditšhaba tse di Kopaneng ya Palo ya Batho le Tlhabololo kwa [[:en:New_York_City|New York City]] ka ga dikgwetlho le maano a go laola kgolo ya palo ya batho kwa Niger, ka kelo ya kgolo ya 3.9% le 50% ya baagi ba dingwaga tse di kwa tlase ga 15, mmogo le go fokotsa maemo a lehuma, go swa ga masea le bomme, le go oketsa go ikwadisa kwa sekolong. [https://www.niameyetles2jours.com/la-gestion-publique/sante/0604-627-la-planification-familiale-pour-contrecarrer-le-boom-demographique-au-niger <nowiki>[ 3]</nowiki>] == Metswedi == [1] Guédé, Boubacar (3 July 2011). [https://nigerdiaspora.net/index.php/nigerien-de-la-semaine/item/39147-la-nig%C3%A9rienne-de-la-semaine--mme-kaffa-jackou-rakiatou "La Nigérienne de la semaine : Mme Kaffa Jackou Rakiatou"]. Niger Diaspora (in French). Retrieved 24 July 2018. [https://live.worldbank.org/experts/rakiatou-christelle-kaffa-jackou <nowiki>[2] "Rakiatou Christelle Kaffa-Jackou</nowiki>]". World Bank. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190506040818/https://www.niameyetles2jours.com/la-gestion-publique/sante/0604-627-la-planification-familiale-pour-contrecarrer-le-boom-demographique-au-niger <nowiki>[3] "La planification familiale pour contrecarrer le boom démographique au Niger</nowiki>]". Niamey et les 2 Jours (in French). 6 April 2017. Retrieved 24 July 2018 ayaf65b4jc3ssi4nvuocy2b2ymil7ts Seemo sa bothata jwa botsogo mo Botswana sa ngwaga wa 2025 0 14586 54658 53036 2026-09-08T18:31:00Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 54658 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox outbreak|name=Seemo sa bothata jwa botsogo sa 2025 mo Botswana|image=Princess Marina Hospital - Administration Building.jpg|caption=Dipatela mo Botswana di itemogetse tlhaelo e ntsi ya didirisiwa|location=[[Botswana]]|type=sa botsogo|date=2025}} '''Seemo sa bothata jwa botsogo mo Botswana sa ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le botlhano''' ke dipharagobe tse di tsweletseng mo mohameng wa botsogo mo Botswana.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/botswana-declares-public-health-emergency-clinics-run-out-medicine-2025-08-25/ "Botswana declares public health emergency as clinics run out of medicine".] ''Reuters''. 2025-08-25. Retrieved 23 July 2026</ref> == Tse di diragetseng pele == Seemo sa bofelo sa bothata jwa botsogo mo Botswana e ne e le go tlhagoga ga kholera ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le borobabongwe.<ref name=":0">[https://www.afro.who.int/countries/botswana/news/botswana-national-health-emergency-response-operation-plan-framework-resilience "Botswana National Health Emergency Response Operation Plan: A Framework for Resilience | WHO | Regional Office for Africa".] ''www.afro.who.int''. 2024-08-13. Retrieved 23 July 2026</ref> Ka dingwaga tsa dikete pedi le masome a mabedi di simologa, segajaja sa lefatshe ka bophara sa COVID-19 se ne sa ama lefatshe le.<ref name=":0" /><ref>[https://www.afro.who.int/countries/botswana/news/new-dawn-botswanas-covid-19-response "New dawn for Botswana's COVID-19 response | WHO | Regional Office for Africa".] ''www.afro.who.int''. 2021-03-30. Retrieved 23 July 2026</ref> == Ditiragalo == Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le botlhano, dikokelo le dikokelwana di ne di itemogetse tlhaelo ya didirisiwa tsa botlhokwa.<ref>Farmer, Ben (2025-08-26). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/global-health/science-and-disease/botswana-public-health-emergency-hospital-medicine-shortage/ "Botswana declares public health emergency as hospitals run out of medicines".] ''The Telegraph''. Retrieved 23 July 2026</ref> Se se gakaditswe ke go tlhaela ga madi le phokotso ya dikthuso go tswa kwa [[USA|United States]].<ref>[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/8/26/botswana-declares-public-health-emergency-over-medicine-shortage "Botswana declares public health emergency over medicine shortage".] ''Al Jazeera''. 2025-08-26. Retrieved 23 July 2026</ref> Ditlhaelo tsa diirisiwa go tswa kwa di rekiwang teng di begilwe.<ref>Taylor, Luke (2025-08-27). [https://www.bmj.com/content/390/bmj.r1815 "Botswana declares national health emergency as medical supply chain breaks down"]. ''BMJ''. '''390''' r1815. doi:[https://www.bmj.com/content/390/bmj.r1815 10.1136/bmj.r1815.] ISSN&nbsp;1756-1833. PMID&nbsp;40865994.</ref> Ka Phatwe a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le botlhano, tautona [[Duma Boko]] o ne a simolodisa seemo sa tshoganyetso sa botsogo.<ref>Mitchell, Ottilie (2025-08-26). [https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c78zg67x38zo "Diamond-rich Botswana declares national public health emergency".] ''BBC News''. Retrieved 23 July 2026</ref> Sesole sa lefatshe se ne sa laelwa go isa didirisiwa tsa potlako.<ref>France-Presse, Agence (2025-08-26). [https://tribune.net.ph/2025/08/25/botswana-faces-health-crisis-as-medical-supply-chain-collapses "Botswana faces health crisis as medical supply chain collapses".] ''Daily Tribune''. Retrieved 23 July 2026</ref> Ka Lwetse ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le botlhano, melemo e ne e rometswe kwa mafelong a a farologaneng a lefatshe.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250914090523/https://www.sabcnews.com/sabcnews/botswana-speeds-up-medicine-delivery-after-health-crisis/ "Botswana speeds up medicine delivery after health crisis - SABC News - Breaking news, special reports, world, business, sport coverage of all South African current events. Africa's news leader".] ''SABC News - Breaking news, special reports, world, business, sport coverage of all South African current events. Africa\'s news leader''. 2025-09-14. Archived from [https://www.sabcnews.com/sabcnews/botswana-speeds-up-medicine-delivery-after-health-crisis/ the original] on 2025-09-14. Retrieved 23 July 2026</ref> Ka Ngwanatsele ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le botlhano, tautona Boko o ne a itsise fa lefatshe la India le tlaa thusa ka tsa botsogo ka nako e a neng a begela babegadikgang a na le tautona wa India [[Droupadi Murmu]].<ref>Mathala, Sharon (2025-11-12). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/india-to-rescue-with-arvs-amid-ongoing-health-crisis/news "India to rescue with ARVs amid ongoing health crisis"]. ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 23 July 2026</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20260723135821/https://allafrica.com/view/group/main/main/id/00094792.html "Botswana Benefits From India's Support To Ease Health Crisis".] ''allAfrica.com''. 2025-11-17. Retrieved 23 July 2026</ref> Tumalano e ne ya bewa monwana gareng ga mafatshe o o mabedi.<ref>Agency, Ecofin. [https://www.ecofinagency.com/news/1411-50468-botswana-india-sign-mou-on-expanding-access-to-medicines "Botswana, India Sign MoU on Expanding Access to Medicines"]. ''Ecofin Agency''. Retrieved 23 July 2026</ref> == Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe == * [[Seemo sa bothata jwa tsa botsogo sa ngwaga wa 2025 go tsena 2025 kwa South Korea]] == Metswedi == 38b44kg0bkejnhknvo12w8sk1az27se Memelo a difofane a Maun 0 14700 54625 53955 2026-09-08T13:11:16Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 54625 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Apron_Airport_Maun_(2015).jpg|thumb| Maemelo a difofane a Mau(2015)]] '''Maemelo a difofane a Maun''' ( ke maemelo a difofane a mafatshefatshe a a direlang toropo ya [[Maun]] mo [[Kgaolo ya Bokone Bophirima (Botswana)|Kgaolong ya Bokone Bophirima]] jwa [[Botswana]] . A ka fa letlhakoreng le le kwa bokone la toropo mme go ka gorogiwa kwa go one ka bese ya shuttle kgotsa thekisi. Maemelo a difofane a Maun a bereka e le kgoro e kgolo ya [[Makgobokgobo a Okavango]] le [[Moremi Game Reserve|Lefelo la Diphologolo la Moremi]] . Dikompone tse dintsi tsa bojanala di neelana ka difofane tse di hirilweng mo godimo ga makgobokgobo le go ya kwa mafelong a Botswana a a tshwanang le [[Makgadikgadi pans|Makgadikgadi Pans]], mangwe a mafelo a magolo a a metsi a a bonalang ka dipaka dingwe mo Aforika . Go direla matlo a bonno a mantsi mo lefelong leo ke tiro e kgolo, go akaretsa le go tsamaisa bapalami le dijo, ka difofane tsa sekgala se sekhutshwane di tsaya metsotso e le mmalwa fa loeto e le lwa lori ya 4x4 lo lo neng lo tla tsaya diura di le mmalwa. Ditirelo tse, ka nako ya fa di le kwa godimo ka paka e e kwa godimo ya Seetebosigo go ya go Phatwe, di dira gore maemelo a difofane a, a nne a bobedi ka go tlhanasela mo Aforika ka metsamao ya difofane. <ref name="AW 7-23">{{Cite journal |last=Spaeth |first=Andreas |date=July 2023 |title=Botswana's sky-high bush safari |journal=Airliner World |issue=288 |pages=53–61}}</ref> Gape go na le difofane tse di rulagantsweng letsatsi le letsatsi go ya kwa mafelong a a rileng mo [[Botswana]] le [[Aforika Borwa|mo Aforikaborwa]] . <ref name="tu suspend">{{Cite web |title=Southern & East African Tourism Update |url=http://www.tourismupdate.co.za/article/110676/Botswana-Air-Namibia-to-suspend-Maun-flights |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170425204950/http://www.tourismupdate.co.za/article/110676/Botswana-Air-Namibia-to-suspend-Maun-flights |archive-date=25 April 2017 |access-date=25 April 2017}}</ref> [[Wilderness Air]] e tsamaisa difofane tse di hirilweng ka dinako tsotlhe go tswa kwa lefelong la yone la Windhoek-Eros -hub, kwa Namibia go ya kwa Maun. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Wilderness Air » Botswana |url=http://www.wilderness-air.com/where-we-are/botswana/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180820141031/http://www.wilderness-air.com/where-we-are/botswana/ |archive-date=20 August 2018 |access-date=2018-08-20 |website=www.wilderness-air.com |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ditso tsa pele tsa 1925-1939 == Difofane tse, di ne di letiwa fa di ntse di tlisa dikgang tsa lefatshe le le kwa ntle, poso, melemo, dijo, mme mo godimo ga tsotlhe, batho ba basha mo setšhabeng se se bokgakala jwa makgolokgolo a dikilometara go tswa kwa toropong e kgolo e e gaufi. Tirelo ya ntlha ya difofane e simolotse ka dingwaga tsa sekete makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mararo, go dirisiwa tsela ya go kotama e gompieno e leng tsela e kgolo ya Maun. Moragonyana tsela e, e ne ya sutisiwa go tswa mo bogareng jwa toropo go ya kwa lefelong le gone jaanong e leng maemelo a difofane. Difofane tsa ntlha tse di itsegeng mo godimo ga Okavango di diragetse ka Phukwi ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a mabedi le botlhano, mme e ne e le bontlha jwa patlisiso ya dinoka mo kgaolong, go dirisiwa difofane tse di neng di le kwa Livingstone. Go ne ga dirisiwa difofane tse pedi tsa mofuta wa Airco DH 9, dinomoro tsa 142 le 144 tsa Sesole sa Tshireletso sa Kopano ya Aforika Borwa sa nako eo, di tsamaisiwa ke mokgweetsi CW Meredith le Molefetenente L. Tasker. Ba ne ba tsamaya go ya kwa Livingstone go tswa kwa [[Johannesburg]] ba ralala Bulawayo . <ref>{{Cite web |title=www.ngamitimes.com/Archives/ |url=http://ngamitimes.com/archives.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160424151330/http://www.ngamitimes.com/archives.html |archive-date=24 April 2016 |access-date=2018-08-20 |website=The Ngami Times |language=en}}</ref> Airlink e simolotse go tsamaya ka tlhamalalo fa gare ga Cape Town le Maun go simolola ka Mopitlo ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borataro. Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borataro, Air Namibia e ne ya emisa difofane tse di neng di rulagantswe go ya kwa maemelo difofane a Maun. <ref name="tu suspend"/> Ka Motsheganong ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabobedi badiredipuso ba netefaditse maitlamo a bone a go tlhabolola le go atolosa kago e e leng teng ya maemelo a difofane. == Difofane le mafelo a di yang kwa go one == {{Airport-dest-list|[[Air Botswana]]|[[Cape Town International Airport|Cape Town]],<ref name="BP">{{cite web |title=Air Botswana Network Expansion From Sep 2024 |url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240903-bpsep24 |website=Aeroroutes |access-date=3 September 2024}}</ref> [[Sir Seretse Khama International Airport|Gaborone]], [[O. R. Tambo International Airport|Johannesburg–O. R. Tambo]], [[Kasane Airport|Kasane]], [[Victoria Falls Airport|Victoria Falls]], [[Hosea Kutako International Airport|Windhoek–Hosea Kutako]]<ref name="BP"/>|[[Airlink]]|[[Cape Town International Airport|Cape Town]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://airlineroute.net/2015/10/16/sa-cmub-mar16/|title=SA Airlink Adds Cape Town - Maun Service from March 2016|publisher=Airlineroute.net|date=16 October 2015|accessdate=15 October 2015}}</ref> [[O. R. Tambo International Airport|Johannesburg–O. R. Tambo]]<ref>{{Cite web|url = https://victoriafalls24.com/blog/2016/06/26/air-namibia-suspend-flights-maun/|title = Air Namibia to suspend flights to Maun|date = 25 June 2016|access-date = 27 July 2026|archive-date = 27 November 2020|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20201127004518/https://victoriafalls24.com/blog/2016/06/26/air-namibia-suspend-flights-maun/|url-status = dead}}</ref>|[[CemAir]]|[[OR Tambo International Airport|Johannesburg–O. R. Tambo]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/230210-5zmub|title=CemAir Adds Johannesburg - Maun Service From May 2023|publisher=AeroRoutes|date=10 February 2023|accessdate=11 February 2023}}</ref>|[[Ethiopian Airlines]]|[[Addis Ababa Bole International Airport|Addis Ababa]],<ref>{{OAGWorldMay2025Ref|title=Addis Ababa, Ethiopia ADD|pages=17-19}}</ref> [[Simon Mwansa Kapwepwe International Airport|Ndola]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Ethiopian Airlines NS24 Africa Service Changes – 24JAN24 |url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240125-etns24af |website=Aeroroutes |access-date=25 January 2024}}</ref>|{{nowrap|[[Fastjet Zimbabwe]]}}|[[Victoria Falls Airport|Victoria Falls]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fastjet.com/en/fastjet-blog/feature-articles/fastjet-links-victoria-falls-to-mauns-okavango-delta-with-new-direct-flight|title=Cheap flights to Zimbabwe, South Africa and Botswana}}</ref>|[[Westair Aviation (Namibia)|FlyNamibia]]|'''Seasonal:''' [[Katima Mulilo Airport|Katima Mulilo]],<ref>{{cite web | url=https://economist.com.na/88535/tourism/flynamibia-boosts-zambezi-region-tourism-with-flight-route-shift-and-enhanced-connectivity/ | title=FlyNamibia boosts Zambezi Region tourism with flight route shift and enhanced connectivity &#124; Namibia Economist | access-date=2026-07-27 | archive-date=2025-08-29 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250829154929/https://economist.com.na/88535/tourism/flynamibia-boosts-zambezi-region-tourism-with-flight-route-shift-and-enhanced-connectivity/ | url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Hosea Kutako International Airport|Windhoek–Hosea Kutako]]<ref>{{cite web |title=FlyNamibia Adds Windhoek – Maun in 3Q24 |url=https://www.aeroroutes.com/eng/240506-4zjul24mub |website=Aeroroutes |access-date=6 May 2024}}</ref>}} == Dikotsi == Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ngwaga wa dikete pedi sefofane sa Cessna 414 se ne sa phatlakana se tswa [[Gaborone]] se ya Maun. Mokgweetsi wa sefofane le mopalami ba ne ba tsamaya dikhilomithara di le makgolo a mabedi go bona thuso. <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC News &#124; AFRICA &#124; Crash survivors found in desert |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/668059.stm}}</ref> == Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe == * [[Dipalamo tsa lefatshe la Botswana]] * [[Maemelo a difofane a Botswana]] == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} tl22h09v6xy5u1rxac3zechctgmpd0z Tumelo ya Bahà’i Faith mo Botswana 0 14761 54663 54462 2026-09-08T20:59:10Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 54663 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tumelo ya Baháʼí mo Botswana''' e simolola morago ga gore [[ʻAbdu’l-Bahá]], yo ka nako eo e neng e le moeteledipele wa Tumelo ya Baháʼí, a kwale makwalo a a neng a rotloetsa go isa bodumedi jono kwa Afrika ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongweble lesome le borataro. Babulatsela ba ntlha ba Baháʼí ba ne ba goroga mo Botswana mo e ka nnang ka kgwei ya Phalane ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano la bone, koo ba neng ba nna ditsala le Maaforika a mantsi. Ditlhopho tsa ntlha tsa Khuduthamaga ya Sechaba ya Semoya ya Baháʼí kwa Botswana e ne e le ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le bosupa . Palo ya sechana ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe e bala Baháʼí ba ka nna makgolo a supa.<ref name=":6">[https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2005/51449.htm International Religious Freedom Report 2005: Botswana.] United States Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (September 14, 2005). ''This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.''</ref>Le fa go ntse jalo, Mokgatlho wa Dipolokelo Tshedimosetso tsa Bodumedi o ne wa akanyetsa gore go ne go na le Baháʼí ba ka nna dikete di le lesome le borataro le makgolo a matlhano mo Botswana go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome. == Legato la ntlha == === Matlapa a ga Abdu'l-Bahá a Thulaganyo ya Bomodimo === ʻAbdu’l-Bahá o ne a kwalela balatedi ba tumelo kwa United States motseletsele wa makwalo, kgotsa matlapanakwalelo, ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le borataro goya ko go wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le bosupa (1916–1917)makwalo ano a ne a kokoanngwa mmogo mo bukeng ya Matlapa a Thulaganyo ya Bomodimo. Ya borobedi le ya bolesomepedi ya matlapanakwalelo ano e ne e umaka Afrika mme e ne ya kwalwa ka kgwedi ya Moranang a le lesome le borobabongwe ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le borataro le ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ale lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bongwe ka go latelana. Le fa go ntse jalo, go gatisiwa ga yone go ne ga diega kwa United States go fitlha ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le borobabongwe—morago ga bokhutlo jwa Ntwa ya Lefatshe I le mokgotlhwane wa Spain. Matlapa ano a ne a ranolwa le go tlhagisiwa ke Mirza Ahmad Sohrab ka Moranang e tlhola gane ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le robabongwe , mme a gatisiwa mo makasineng wa Star of the West ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ele lesome le bobedi ngwaga wa,sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le robabongwe .<ref>Abbas, ʻAbdu'l-Bahá (April 1919). [https://bahai-library.com/abdulbaha_tablets_instructions_explanation ''Tablets, Instructions and Words of Explanation''.] Mirza Ahmad Sohrab (trans. and comments).</ref>ʻAbdu'l-Bahá o umaka go tsamaya ga ga Baháʼís "...bogolo jang go tswa kwa Amerika go ya kwa Yuropa, Afrika, Asia le Australia, le go tsamaya go ralala Japane le China. Fela jalo, go tswa kwa Jeremane barutisi le badumedi ba ka nna ba tsamaya go ya kwa dikontinenteng tsa Amerika, Aforika, Japane le China; ka bokhutshwane, ba ka nna ba tsamaya mo dikontinenteng tsotlhe le ditlhaketlhake tsa lefatshe le "bongwe jwa m"<ref>[[:en:ʻAbdu'l-Bahá|Abdu’l Bahá]] (1991) [1916-17]. ''[https://reference.bahai.org/en/t/ab/TDP/tdp-8.html.iso8859-1 Tablets of the Divine Plan]'' (Paperback&nbsp;ed.). [[:en:Wilmette,_Illinois|Wilmette, Illinois]]: US Baháʼí Publishing Trust. pp.&nbsp;47–59. [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-87743-233-3|ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>0-87743-233-3</bdi>]].</ref> neela bana botlhe ba batho botshelo jo bosha, mme motlaagana wa kagiso ya lobopo lotlhe o tlhomiwe mo setlhoeng sa Amerika ka jalo Yuropa le Aforika di ka tshedisiwa ka mewa ya Mowa o o Boitshepo, lefatshe leno le ka nna lefatshe le lengwe, sepolotiki sa mmele se ka fitlhelela boitumelo jwa sesha.<ref>[[:en:ʻAbdu'l-Bahá|Abdu’l Bahá]] (1991) [1916-17]. ''[https://reference.bahai.org/en/t/ab/TDP/tdp-12.html.iso8859-1 Tablets of the Divine Plan]'' (Paperback&nbsp;ed.). [[:en:Wilmette,_Illinois|Wilmette, Illinois]]: US Baháʼí Publishing Trust. pp.&nbsp;82–89. [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-87743-233-3|ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>0-87743-233-3</bdi>]].</ref> == Tshimolodiso ya Badumedi == Go tlhongwa ga baagi Bodumedi bo gorogile mo lefelong leno ka nako ya bokhutlo jwa motlha wa Bechuanaland Protectorate, naga e e neng e le teng pele ga bokoloniale, ka fa tlase ga Kopano ya Aforika Borwa. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le boraro Shoghi Effendi, tlhogo ya bodumedi morago ga loso lwa ga ʻAbdu’l-Bahá, o ne a rulaganya thulaganyo ya boditšhabatšhaba ya go ruta e e bidiwang Ntwa ya Bokeresete ya Dingwaga di le Lesome.<ref name=":0">National Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of South Africa (1997). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20080408202119/http://www.bahai.org.za/cm/node/19 Baháʼís in South Africa - Progress of the Baháʼí Faith in South Africa since 1911"]. ''Official Website''. National Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of South Africa. Archived from the original on 8 April 2008. Retrieved 2008-03-19</ref>Ka nako ya thulaganyo babulatsela ba ne ba fudugela kwa mafatsheng a le mantsi go akaretsa le Botswana go tswa kwa mafelong. Se e ne e le ka nako ya kgolo e e anameng ya bodumedi go ralala Aforika e e kwa Borwa jwa Sahara gaufi le bokhutlo jwa paka ya Bokoloniale jwa Aforika.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20071209082606/http://philtar.ucsm.ac.uk/encyclopedia/sub/geness.html Overview Of World Religions".] ''General Essay on the Religions of Sub-Saharan Africa''. Division of Religion and Philosophy, University of Cumbria. Archived from [http://philtar.ucsm.ac.uk/encyclopedia/sub/geness.html the original] on 2007-12-09. Retrieved 2008-04-16.</ref>Maikaelelo a go tlhoma go nna teng ga Baháʼí kwa Bechuanaland a ne a abelwa Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Iran e e neng e sa ntse e dira ka nako eo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304022718/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=03&page=863 Guardian's Message to the Africa Intercontinnental Conference".] ''Baháʼí News''(281): 1–3. March 1953. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Le fa go ntse jalo, ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ngwaa wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a malthano le borarogo goroga ga bosheng ga lelapa la ga Johnson go tswa kwa Amerika ka nako eo kwa Aforika Borwa go ne ga bona go goroga ga ga John le Audrey<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140808052834/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=04&page=6 Pioneer Letters; Excerpts from Pioneer Letter to the Africa Teaching Committee; ''Johannesburg, March, 1954''".] ''Baháʼí News'' (281): 6. July 1954. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212].</ref>Robarts le morwawe Patrick le morwadie Nina go tswa kwa Canada ba ba neng ba thusiwa go fitlha kwa Mafeking<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304063819/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=03&page=1063 Pioneer Letters; Excerpts from Pioneer Letter to the Africa Teaching Committee; ''Edith and Lowell Johnson, Cape Town, South Africa''".] ''Baháʼí News''(280): 15. June 1954. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212].</ref>(ka nako eo kwa Bechuanaland) jaaka babulatsela ba Baháʼí kwa ba neng ba goroga teng ka kgwedi ya Phalame,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le bone <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304001943/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=04&page=64 Temple Land in Johannesburg".] ''Baháʼí News''(280): 4. October 1954. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>ba ne ba fetolwa go nna ba-Baháʼí. naga e e neng ya bona sereto sa Mogale wa Baháʼu’lláh go tswa go tlhogo ya Tumelo ya nako eo, e bong Shoghi Effendi.<ref name=":1">[https://news.bahai.org/story/356 Minister praises Baháʼí activities".] ''Baha'i World News Service''. Baháʼí International Community. 14 March 2005. Retrieved July 12, 2013.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le boraro go ne go na le dikopano di le pedi; ditlhopha di le supa, le leloko le le lengwe le le kgaoganeng.Ba lelapa la ga Robart ba ne ba tsene mo bodumeding jono ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mararo le borobabobedi mme fa go ne go tlhomiwa Kokoano ya ntlha ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Canada ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mane le borobabobedi , John o ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetulo, e leng tiro e a neng a e dira go fitlha ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a mane le masome a matlhano le boraro fa ba ne ba fuduga.<ref name=":2">Paccassi Pat (August 2011). "[http://www.bahaihistorycaribbean.info/Hands_visits_to_St_Lucia_.pdf Visits of the Hands of the Cause of God to St. Lucia"] (PDF). ''Some information about the Hands of the Cause of God''.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le bone Seatla sa Lebaka, Musa Banani o ne a tlhoma John go nna Leloko la Boto e e Thusang mme lelapa le ne la ya loetong lwa bodumedi lwa Baháʼí. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano Lally Warren o ne a gakologelwa gore fa a ne a le ngwana yo monnye kwa Mafikeng go ne go sa tlwaelega go kopana le batho basweu ba ba neng ba mo itumedisa ka jalo o ne a dumela gore batho basweu botlhe ba bosula.<ref name=":1" />Seo se ne sa fetoga fa a kopana le lelapa la ga Robarts. <ref name=":3">[https://bahai-library.com/hassall_bahai_communities_country#16 Hassall Graham (2000). "Baháʼí Communities by Country: Research Notes".] ''Essays and short articles and Research notes''. Baháʼí Library Online</ref>"Ba ga Robart ba ne ba sa ntshware jaaka ngwana yo montsho, ba ne ba ntshwara jaaka ngwana," she said. O ne a gakologelwa fa a ne a le dingwaga di le lesome mme lelapa la ga Robarts le ne le tla kwa ntlong ya gagwe go tla go kopana le batsadi ba gagwe, James le Stella Moncho, banyalani ba ntlha ba lefelo leo go nna Baháʼí, "Ba ne ba kgona go dira seno fela bosigo, mme fa ba tla ba lebile ntlo ba ne ba tla tshuba dipone tsa bone tsa [koloi] le go di tima go re, 'Is can it... motlakase mo lefelong le lentsho mo malatsing ao ka jalo mmè o ne a tsaya lebone a bo a le ntsha ka fensetere a bo a le tsoka go re, 'Go siame, go babalesegile gore o tle.'"<ref name=":1" /> Lelapa la ga Robarts le ne la nna tsala le Modiri Molema, ngaka ya kalafi e e tlotlegang thata e bile e le ene fela montsho yo o neng a letleletswe go tsalana le basweu.<ref name=":1" /> Dr. Molema o ne a laletsa ditsala tsa gagwe le ba lelapa la gagwe go tla go utlwa ka bodumedi jono, mme o ne a naya lelapa la ga Robarts makwalo a go itsise Kgosi (dikgosi tsa setso) tsa Bechuanaland Protectorate. Dr. Molema o ne a sokologela mo bodumeding mme go ikwadisa ga gagwe ga go a ka ga itsisiwe phatlalatsa ka ntlha ya go ka tswa go ne go tshwenngwa ka ntlha ya go nna le seabe ga gagwe mo dipolotiking tsa maemo a a kwa godimo mo nakong e e fetileng. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le botlhano wa losika lwa gagwe, Stanlake Kukama, o ne a nna Motswana wa ntlha wa lefatshe la Bechuanaland go nna Mo-Baháʼí yo o boletsweng phatlalatsa. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano Kukama o ne a gakologelwa gore e ne e le molweladitshwanelo tsa tlhaolele, mme e ne e le leloko la lekoko la sepolotiki la Aforika Borwa, African National Congress mme o ne a tlhoile batho ba basweu ka ntlha ya boikutlo jwa bone ka Maaforika mme seo se ne sa fetoga fa a utlwa ka Tumelo ya Baháʼí go tswa mo lelapeng la ga Robarts: "Ka Iháíʼard the59. melaometheo ya Tumelo e ne e le tharabololo ya go [fitlhelela] kagiso le kutlwano mo bathong.... Ke ne ka lemoga gore basweu le bantsho botlhe ba ne ba sa bone boammaaruri, ba ne ba sena leitlho la moya Ka jalo, ke ne ka nna Mo-Baháʼí tharabololo ya go tshegetsa The National1. dingwaga di le dintsi ntle le katlego. Mapodise a ne a nna a mo beile leitlho le fa a sena go nna Mo-Baháʼí ka gonne ba ne ba sa dumele gore o tlogetse dipolotiki tsa lekoko. Moragonyana Rre Kukama o ne a direla dingwaga di le dintsi e le leloko la Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Baháʼí ba Bophuthatswana le ba Aforika Borwa.<ref name=":1" /> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le borataro Tumelo ya Baháʼí e ne e le teng ka dipalo tse dinnye go ralala mafatshena le lesome le botlhano a borwa jwa Afrika. Go tsamaisa merafe e go ne ga tlhophiwa ga khuduthamaga ya secahaba ya Semoya ya kgaolo mo Aforika Borwa Bophirima go ba akaretsa. <ref name=":4">Compiled by [http://bahai-library.com/handscause_statistics_1953-63&chapter=1 Hands of the Cause Residing in the Holy Land. "The Baháʼí Faith: 1844-1963: Information Statistical and Comparative, Including the Achievements of the Ten Year International Baháʼí Teaching & Consolidation Plan 1953-1963".] pp.&nbsp;25, 59.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le borataro John Robarts o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la yone.<ref name=":3" />Mo tshimologongbya ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le bosupa setšhaba sa Baháʼí se ne se le batho ba ba fa gare ga lesome le masome a mabedi mme sa nna karolo ya kokoano ya bosetšhaba ya kgaolo ya Afrika Borwa le Bophirima. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le boraro go ne go na le dikopano di le pedi; ditlhopha di le supa, le leloko le le lengwe le le kgaoganeng.<ref name=":2" /> Bokopano bo ne bo le kwa [[Lobatse]], le kwa [[Mahalapye]] le ditlhopha kwa [[Gaborone]], [[Ghanzi]], [[Kopong]], [[Mafeking]], [[Molepolole]], [[Morwa]], [[Serowe]], le Mobaháʼí yo o nosi kwa Moeng (e e gaufi le Dithaba tsa Tswapong).<ref name=":4" /> == Tlhabololo ya Sechaba == Morago ga loso lwa ga Shoghi Effendi, Ntlo ya Bosiamisi ya Lefatshe Lotlhe e e tlhophilweng e ne e le tlhogo ya bodumedi mme ya simolola go rulaganya sešwa merafe ya Baháʼí ya Aforika, go akaretsa le Botswana, ka go kgaoganya merafe ya bosetšhaba go bopa Dikokoano tsa bona tsa Bosetšhaba go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bone le fa e le ka dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bosuap kokoano e ntšhwa e e tlhophilweng ya kgaolo ya Aforika Borwa Bogare, ka nako eo e ne e akaretsa dinaga tsa Botswana, Malawi le Rhodesia.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304022750/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=06&page=647 Newly-elected National Spiritual Assembly of South Central Africa…".] ''Baháʼí News'' (437): 11. August 1967. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212].</ref> a yone e ne e le: Willard Mahtunge, Florence Fat’he-Aazam, Esther Moncho, Esther Glauder, Brian Eames, Enayat Sohaili, Leonard Chiposi, Helen A. Hope, le John D. Sargent Sr. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa Sekolo sa Bašwa sa Bosetšhaba sa ntlha mo Botswana se ne sa tsenelwa ke bašwa ba feta masome a mararo, bagolo le barutabana.<ref>“[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304063129/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=07&page=691 Botswana First Youth Institute"]. ''Baháʼí News''(477): 11. December 1970. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Morago ga dithuto banana ba ne ba etela metse e le meraro e e neng e rulagantswe pele ke kokoano ya setshaba ka tumelelo ya dikgosi tsa selegae kwa ba neng ba ntsha puo e e neng e amogetswe sentle e e neng e ba baakanyeditswe segolobogolo. Ka ntlha ya go amogelwa ga puo ba ne ba lalediwa kwa metseng e mengwe e merataro ke dikgosi tsa metse eo mme kgabagare ba tlhagisa bodumedi mo bathong ba ba ka nnang makgolo a supa ba ba neng ba le teng kwa dipuong tseo. Go ne ga begwa gape ka loeto lono mo radiong ya lefelo leo. Moragonyana Baháʼí ba ntlha go tswa kwa Ba-Bushmen le kwa Ba-Kgalagadi ba ne ba tsene mo bodumeding jono. Nako e ne ya goroga ya gore go tlhophiwe Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Baháʼí ya Botswana e e neng ya tlhophiwa ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa.<ref name=":5">[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304063233/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=08&page=37 Progress Report of Botswana".] ''Baháʼí News''(492): 12–13. March 1972. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Maloko a yone mo ditlhophong tsa ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bongwe e ne e le:<ref name=":5" />Stanley Matenge, Esther Moncho, Isaac Kgang, Dennis Makiwa, Maureen Gruber, Robert Sarracino, Bogatlu Pheto, Jeffrey Gruber, le Broer Oageng. Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bongwe go ne ga dirwa dipuo tsa ntlha tsa phatlalatsa ka ga bodumedi kwa Gaborone mme tsa gasiwa mo Radio Botswana ka setlhogo se se reng "Ditumelo tsa Setso tsa Aforika le Kutlwano ya Madumedi a Lefatshe".<ref name=":5" />oTshekatsheko ya morafe e ne ya lemoga gore kokoano ya bosetšhaba le dikokoano tsa selegae di le tlhano di ne di tsentse le go kwadisa le puso. Go tswa foo kokoano ya bosetšhaba e ne ya nna beng ba semolao ba lefelo la bosetšhaba la Baháʼí. Mafelo a le masome a marataro le bosuap a ne a tsentswe mo bodumeding mme go ne go weditswe go ranolwa ga dikwalo dingwe tsa Se-Baháʼí. Dikgosi di ka nna masome a mane mo maemong a a farologaneng di ne di rometswe melaetsa ke kokoano ya bosetšhaba ka bodumedi jono. Go ne go etetswe metse e le masome a matlhano le bosupa mme go ne ga felela ka gore go nne le dikopano tsa bontsi. Go ne go na le babulatsela ba le banè fela ka nako eo. Motse wa Boneapitse o ne o lemogiwa e le bontsi jwa Baháʼí. Kokoano ya selegae ya Ba-Bush botlhe e ne ya tlhophiwa la ntlha kwa Tshasane ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bonedi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304063712/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=08&page=584 Bushman Assembly". ''B'']''aháʼí News'' (492): 6. February 1974. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Fa e tlhophiwa gape ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le boraro maloko a yone e ne e le: Ci-!Gau, !'ea, Titi, Diolo, Kaka, Mashipa, N!!g<nowiki>''</nowiki>ae-!Nobo, Baberi, Mpalo. Sekaka sa Kalahari (se se bontshiwang ka mmala o mohibidu) le Mogobedi wa Kalahari (mmala wa lamune) Sekolo sa ntlha sa bosetšhaba sa selemo se ne sa diragala ka kgwedi ya Morule ele masome a mabedi le borobabongwe go ya go ko go ya Hirikgonge tlhola bone ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le borobabongwe go ya ko ngwageng wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi- mme sa latelwa ke khonferense ya kgaolo ka ga go itsisiwe ga bodumedi ka botsayakarolo jwa Lobatse, Jwaneng, le Kanye mo godimo ga maloko a kokoano ya bosetšhaba le maloko a thuso ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole. Ka<ref>. ''Baháʼí News'' (594): 12. September 1980. ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.</ref> kgwedi ya Phatwe,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bongwe bokopano jwa ntlha ya boditšhabatšhaba ya Botswana e ne ya tsenelwa ke bagolo le bana ba le lekgolo le masome a matlhano go tswa kwa mafatsheng a le supa.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (599): 14. February 1981. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bone Baháʼís ba Gaborone ba ne ba tshwara dikopano di le mmalwa tsa phatlalatsa - e nngwe e ne e tlhomolola Letsatsi la UN le badiredibagolo ba le mmalwa ba toropo ba neng ba le teng kwa go lone, e nngwe e ne e le le Mogakolodi yo o etileng Hooper Dunbar e le yone e neng e begwa ke dikgang tsa thelebishene le radio.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (647): 15. February 1985. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le botlhano Baháʼí ba ne ba lalediwa kwa seminareng e e neng e bua ka ditumelo kwa Yunibesithing ya Batswana.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (654): 15. September 1985. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Bašwa ba feta lekgolo ba ne ba kopana kwa khonferenseng ya boditšhabatšhaba ya bašwa ka Phatwe e e neng ya bulwa ke motlatsamopresidente wa nako eo wa Botswana - [[Peter Mmusi]]<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (657): 14. December 1985. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Ngwaga oo gape e ne e le one fa Tsholofetso ya Kagiso ya Lefatshe Lotlhe ya Ntlo ya Bosiamisi e ne ya neelwa moporesidente wa nako eo wa Botswana, [[Quett Masire]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304022915/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=11&page=565 Governments receive peace statement".] ''Baháʼí News'' (659): 14. February 1986. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304111222/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=12&page=228 The Promise of World Peace".] ''Baháʼí News''(683): 2–3. February 1988. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>mmogo le go ranolwa ka Setswana<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304003818/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=12&page=89 The Promise of World Peace"]. ''Baháʼí News''(675): 12. June 1987. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> jaaka karolo ya go keteka ka kakaretso Ngwaga wa Boditšhabatšhaba wa Kagiso wa UN.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304063722/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=12&page=136 International Year of Peace (roll call of nations) - Botswana".] ''Baháʼí News'' (678): 3. September 1987. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Patlisiso ya maemo a boditšhabatšhaba a bodumedi ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bosupa e fitlhetse gore le fa Botswana e ne e na le dikopano tsa bosetšhaba le tsa selegae tse di neng di amogela semolao Malatsi a a Boitshepo a Baháʼí, manyalo le go gololwa mo lekgethong jaaka bodumedi di ne di sa amogelwe.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304023011/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=12&page=106 Statistical Update - Worldwide recognition of the Faith"]. ''Baháʼí News'' (676): 11. July 1987. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Diketelo tsa Diatla tsa Lebaka Hands of the Cause ke setlhopha se se tlhophilweng sa Baháʼí, se se tlhomilweng botshelo jotlhe, se tiro ya sone e kgolo e neng e le go anamisa le go sireletsa bodumedi. Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bongwe Seatla sa Lebaka Adelbert Mühlschlegel e ne e le ene wa ntlha go etela Botswana.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304083157/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=08&page=36 Hand of Cause visits Botswana"]. ''Baháʼí News''(683): 12–13. March 1972. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a ribabongwe le masome a supa le bongwe Seatla sa Lebaka Enoch Olinga o ne a etela naga mme a etela merafe e meraro e mesha le e e matlhagatlhaga thata ya Baháʼí mo Botswana - Ratholo le Bonwapitse (ka bobedi mo kgaolong ya Tswapong Hills), le Tsela ya Palla (e e bidiwang Dinokwe) kutlwano ya batho, tshenolo e e tswelelang pele, le gore bodumedi bo ne bo le teng mo dinageng di le dintsi tse di ka kwa ga mafatshe a bone le fa dibuka tsa sekolo di ne di sa umake bodumedi joo. Moragonyana o ne a neela puo ya phatlalatsa e e bidiwang "Tumelo ya Baháʼí le Thulaganyo ya Loago" le potsolotso ya radio kwa Gaborone kwa a neng a bua ka ditlhogo tse di farologaneng go tswa mo tlhalosong ya lefoko "Baháʼí", ditsong tsa bodumedi, kamano ya jone le Bokeresete le mathata a ditlwaelo tsa loago mo Aforika Borwa. Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome s supa le bobedi Seatla sa Lebaka Ruhiyyih Khanum o ne a etela lefatshe malatsi a ka nna masome a mabedi.<ref>Nakhjavani, Violette (April 1973). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304051251/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=08&page=351 The Great Safari of Hand of the Cause Ruhiyyih Khanum, part 15"]. ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 16–21. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>O ne a kgatlhantshiwa sekgala sa oura go tswa kwa motseng wa Selebi-Phikwe ke mme yo mosha a na le losea lwa beke. Kwa metseng e le mmalwa go akaretsa le Seleka o ne a kopana le barutabana ba dikolo tsa selegae. O ne a akgola babulatsela ba ba neng ba le kwa magaeng go na le go kokoana mo motsemogolong. Kwa motseng o mongwe o ne a bua kwa kholetšheng ya katiso ya barutabana a ela tlhoko thuto ya Baháʼí ya go lekalekana ga bong le botlhokwa jwa bomme le barutabana, go fedisa go sa itse go bala le go kwala mme a re dikgang tsa tumelo ga di a ikaega ka go ithuta dibuka. Mo go Bonwapitse o ne a bua ka botlhokwa jwa thapelo, bokao jwa "Alláh'u'Abhá". Kwa Mmutlane o ne a bua ka kgang ya ditoro tse di amanang le Baháʼu’lláh le Báb. O ne a tswelela kwa metseng e mengwe mme a tshwantsha dikarabo tse di farologaneng tsa tumelo. Kwa Sekakeng sa Kalahari o ne a kopana le Ba-Bushmen fa e le ba le mmalwa fela ba ba neng ba tsene mo bodumeding go fitlha ga jaana ba solofetse gore bodumedi bo tla thusa go somarela dinonofo tsa bone tsa bonolo le bomolemo. Morago ga moo o ne a kopana le kokoano ya bosetšhaba bogolo jang ka kgang ya pono ya Baháʼí ya "therisano", ya gore madi a Baháʼí a tshwanetse go dirisiwa mo maikaelelong a a rileng a go itsise bodumedi. Kwa Lobatse o ne a bua kwa kholetšheng e nngwe ya ithutelo barutabana ka botlhokwa jwa banana. Motse wa bofelo e ne e le Tsholofelo e e Molemo kwa a neng a kopana le Baháʼí ba ntlha ba Botswana -Rre. le Mme Moncho. Ka kgwedibya Mopitlwe ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le borobabobedi Seatla sa Lebaka H. Collis Featherstone o ne a etela Botswana beke yotlhe a bua ka dikgopolo tsa Baháʼí ka ga ditlhogo tsa bodumedi mme a neela puo mo radiong.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304062958/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=09&page=815 Botswana: Hand of the Cause visits"]. ''Baháʼí News'' (570): 13. September 1978. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Moranang John Robarts, yo o neng a tlhomiwa go nna Letsogo la Tiro ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le bosups, le mosadi wa gagwe Audrey ba ne ba boela mo Botswana. Ba ne ba etela metse e le mmalwa le ditsala tsa bone tsa bogologolo mme ba botsolodiwa mo Dikgannyeng tsa Botswana Daily le Radio Botswana.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 14. December 1981. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> == Dipolelo tsa Batho == Paula Rath o ne a nna kwa Botswana ka ngwaga wa 1972–73 le monna wa gagwe wa pele, Dick Graham jaaka babulatsela ba Baha'i mme a ne a tsamaisa lekwalodikgang le lennye le le bidiwang Puisano.<ref>Ratha Paula (March 27, 2013). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20220701065644/https://paularath.com/2013/03/titi-my-bushman-friend-in-botswana/ Titi, my Bushman Friend in Botswana".] ''Blog … more than fashion''.</ref> Maureen Page e ne e le mokwaledi wa Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Ba-Baha'i ba Botswana dingwaga di le dintsi mme monna wa gagwe Jeff Gruber e ne e le moitseanape wa puo, a ithuta puo e e rileng ya Bushman. Jeff o ne a dira mo go tlhameng alefabete e e kwadilweng ya puo ya Se-Bushman e e neng e ise e ko e aroganngwe le go bewa ka dialefabete pele ga a dira le Mo-Bushman wa Kalahari yo o neng a bua Setswana sentle. Go ne ga dirwa dithanolo mme ka ngwags wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome s supa le boraro go ne ga dirwa buka ya dithapelo tsa Baháʼí (e e neng ya gatisiwa jaaka "Dithapelo tsa Baháʼí tse di kwadilweng ke Baháʼu'lláh, Bab le ʻAbdu'l-Baha,").<ref>translated by the Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of Botswana (1999) [1977]. [http://www.bahaiprayers.org/setswana/about.htm ''Dithapelo Tsa Baháʼí''(]online&nbsp;ed.). Local Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of Shoreline, Washington (USA). [[:en:Special:BookSources/99912-0-245-5|ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>99912-0-245-5</bdi>.]]</ref> Motshabi wa kwa Iran fa e sale ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masime a supa le borobabongwe, Yousef Mostaghim, le ba lelapa la gagwe ba ne ba tswelela go ema ditiro tsa Baháʼí nokeng fa ba ne ba fudugela kwa Gaborone, kwa Botswana dikgwedi di le mmalwa, mo e ka nnang ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le madome a robabobedi le bobedi pele ga ba nna kwa United States.<ref name=":7">[https://web.archive.org/web/20130504150733/http://www.bahai.us/2013/02/28/tributes-in-brief-r-portillo-y-mostaghim-p-stern-w-johnson-a-schurgast-e-varjavandi-f-otey-p-adlparvar-r-borah-g-sen/ Tributes in brief".] National Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of the United States. February 28, 2013. Archived from [http://www.bahai.us/2013/02/28/tributes-in-brief-r-portillo-y-mostaghim-p-stern-w-johnson-a-schurgast-e-varjavandi-f-otey-p-adlparvar-r-borah-g-sen/ the original] on May 4, 2013.</ref> [[Dwight W. Allen]] o ne a dira jaaka Mogakolodi wa Tlhabololo ya Badiri wa Kholetšhe ya Thuto ya [[Molepolole]] le Lefapha la Thuto, kwa Botswana, fa e ne e le Modirisanimmogo wa Patlisiso le Yunibesithi ya Puso ya Florida ka ngwaga wa1986–88.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121101232244/http://ww2.odu.edu/educ/dwallen/ResumeAllen.htm About Dr. Dwight W. Allen"]. Old Dominion University in Norfolk, Virginia, USA. Archived from [http://ww2.odu.edu/educ/dwallen/ResumeAllen.htm the origina]l on 2012-11-01.</ref><ref>[https://www.du.edu/con-res/newsletters/news-wi-2013/drallen.html Dr Douglas Allen, CRI Core Faculty & Director, IMBA program at DU's Daniel's College of Business"]. ''Faculty Spotlight''. Conflict Resolution Institute, University of Denver. 2005.</ref> Ash Hartwell e ne e le moithaopi wa pele wa Peace Corps mo diphatlhatirong tse di farologaneng mo Aforika mme morago a boela kwa United States. O ne a nna moithuti wa ga Dwight W. Allen ka go fetola dithulaganyo tsa thuto tsa yunibesithi, a ithuta le go tsenela Tumelo ya Baháʼí, mme morago ga moo a boela kwa Afrika. Kgabagare lelapa la gagwe le ne la fudugela kwa Botswana.<ref>Warren Odess-Gillett (February 6, 2006). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20171217031605/http://www.bahaipodcast.com/archives.asp?pYrID=2006 Ash Hartwell (part 2)"]. ''A Baha'i Perspective''. Season 2006. Valley Free Radio.</ref>Fa a le koo o ne a nna le tshono ya go dirisana le Ba-Bushmen ba Kalahari ka nako ya maeto a a neng a lebisitswe mo Baháʼí mme a dira go laola thulaganyo ya go katisa barutabana ba thuto e e kwa godimo mo e ka nnang dingwaga di le tlhano pele a fetela kwa Egepeto.<ref>Warren Odess-Gillett (February 7, 2006). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20171217031605/http://www.bahaipodcast.com/archives.asp?pYrID=2006 Ash Hartwell (part 3)"]. ''A Baha'i Perspective''. Season 2006. Valley Free Radio.</ref> Lally Warren e ne e le leloko la Boto ya Bagakolodi ba Kontinente mo Aforika go tloga ka ngwags wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le botlhano go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi mme o diretse bodumedi mo maemong a mangwe a mantsi.<ref name=":1" /> Ditlhopha tsa basadi tse di tswelelang Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le madime a supa le botlhano para ya basadi ba ba tswang kwa Rhodesia ba ne ba tsamaya mafelo a le mmalwa mo nageng ba tshwara dithuto tse di atolositsweng ka bodumedi mo mafelong a le mmalwa ba tsweletsa pele tiro ya basadi. Bobedi jo bo ne jwa kopanngwa ke basha ba le mmalwa ba lefelo leo.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 18–19. December 1975. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Eleruri, ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le borataro ditlelapa di le tlhano tsa tiro ya diatla tsa basadi ba Baháʼí di ne di dira ka thuso ya Iran Sohaili go tswa kwa Rhodesia.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304051051/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=09&page=406 Clubs for Baháʼí women organized]". ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 2. December 1976. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Go ne ga nna le pokano e e neng ya tswelela ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le borobabobedi fa setlhotshwana sa Baháʼí se ne se ba etela beke yotlhe mme sa ba kgothaletsa go amogela mokgele wa go atolosa motse o o gaufi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304063832/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=09&page=738 Botswana: Deepening institute held]". ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 14. May 1979. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> == Bodumedi jwa Sesha == Fa e sa le bodumedi bo tlhongwa bo nnile le seabe mo tlhabololong ya loago le itsholelo go simolola ka go naya basadi kgololesego e kgolo,<ref name=":8">Momen Moojan. "[https://bahai-library.com/momen_encyclopedia_iran#9.%20Social%20and%20economic%20development History of the Baháʼí Faith in Iran]". ''draft "A Short Encyclopedia of the Baháʼí Faith"''. Bahai-library.com. Retrieved 2009-10-16.</ref>go itsise go rotloetsa thuto ya basadi jaaka tlhobaboroko e e tlang pele,<ref>Kimgdon,Geeta Gandhi (1997). "[https://bahai-library.com/kingdon_education_women_development Education of women and socio-economic development".] ''Baháʼí Studies Review''. '''7''' (1).</ref>mme go nna le seabe goo go ne ga newa tlhagiso e e mosola ka go tlhama dikolo, ditleliniki le dikoporasi tsa temothuo<ref name=":8" />Bodumedi bo ne jwa tsena mo kgatong e ntšhwa ya tiro fa molaetsa wa Ntlo ya Bosiamisi ya Lefatshe Lotlhe wa letlha la kgwedi ya Phalane ele masome a mabedi,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le boraro o ne o gololwa.<ref>Momen Moojan; Smith, Peter (1989). "[https://bahai-library.com/momen_smith_developments_1957-1988 The Baháʼí Faith 1957–1988: A Survey of Contemporary Developments".] ''Religion''. '''19''' (1): 63–91. [[doi:10.1016/0048-721X(89)90077-8]].</ref> Ba-Baháʼí ba ne ba rotloediwa go batla ditsela, tse di tsamaisanang le dithuto tsa Baháʼí, tse ka tsone ba neng ba ka nna le seabe mo go tlhabololeng loago le itsholelo ya merafe e ba nnang mo go yone. Lefatshe ka bophara ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le borobabongwe go ne go na le ditiro di le lekgolo le masome a mabedi le borobabongwe tsa tlhabololo ya loago le itsholelo tsa Baháʼí tse di neng di amogelwa semmuso. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bosupa1, palo ya diporojeke tsa tlhabololo tse di amogetsweng semmuso e ne e oketsegile go ka nna sekete,makgolo a mane le masome a robabobedi le bobedi == Ditiro tsa Banana == Tiro ya ntlha ya go ruta basha botlhe e e neng ya diragala kwa Botswana, le leeto la ntlha la go ruta la setlhopha le le neng la dirwa mo Tumelong mo nageng eo, le ne la diragala ka kgwedi ya Phatwe, ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa. Setlhopha sa banana ba ka nna lesome go ya go lesome le botlhano ba Baha'i, go akaretsa le White Dikhang, Patrick Masimolole, Godfrey Peterrrabisino N, T o ne a tsamaya go tswa Gaborone borwa go ya kwa tikologong e e dikologileng Lobatse, bophirima go ya Kanye, bokone go ya Molepolole, mme a boela kwa Gaborone, a bolela le go ruta Tumelo mo metseng e ka nna lesome le bobedi. Mo motseng mongwe le mongwe o o neng o etelwa ba ne ba ya kwa kgosing kgotsa kgosana ya motse mme ba kopa go bua le ba ba neng ba kokoane kwa kgotleng ya mo mosong, e leng kgotlatshekelo ya letsatsi le letsatsi e kgosi e neng e tla e tshwara mo motseng. Mo maemong otlhe setlhopha seno sa basha se ne sa amogelwa sentle, mme gantsi tlhagiso ya ntlha e ne e latelwa ke thulaganyo e e tshelang ya dipotso le motlotlo. Gareng ga ditiro tsa ntlha tsa tlhabololo mo Botswana e ne e le go simolola ka thulaganyo porojeke e kgolo ya "Ngwaga wa Tirelo ya Bašwa" e e neng e gokaganya ditiro tsa boithaopo le dikopano tse di nang le tlhokego e e tlhalositsweng.<ref>[[Look at programs around the world". Baháʼí News (505): 2–3. April 1988. ISSN 0195-9212.|A look at programs around the world"]]. ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 2–3. April 1988. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Se se ne sa atolosiwa ke lenaneo la go tlwaetsa bašwa mo ditsong tse di farologaneng tsa setso tsa Aforika.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (505): 15. December 1988. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref>Go sa le jalo, kamogelo ya tiro ya puso ya bosetšhaba ya go tshegetsa ditshwanelo tsa batho e ne ya tlhagisiwa ke kokoano ya bosetšhaba - kwa kamogelong baemedi le konokono ya bodipolomate go tswa kwa mafatsheng a le mmalwa le UN. Moemedi wa lekgotla la Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng o ne a laletsa Ba-Baha’i le bone gore ba tshegetse mmogo go keteka Letsatsi la Lekgotla la Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng la ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi. Go ne ga tshwarwa khonferense ya boditšhabatšhaba ya banana ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe e kwa go yone batho ba le lekgolo le masome a mabedi go tswa kwa mafatsheng a le lesome le boraro ba neng ba le teng.<ref>[[Botswana]]". ''Baháʼí News'' (706): 14. February 1990. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Ka Sedimonthole basha ba ba tswang kwa Transkei ba ne ba le gareng ga dikhwaere tse di neng tsa diragatsa kwa Moletlong wa Boditšhabatšhaba wa Mmino wa Baháʼí kwa Botswana.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304001842/http://bahai-news.info/viewer.erb?vol=12&page=714 Baháʼí choir from..."] ''Baháʼí News'' (706): 16. March 1990. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0195-9212 ISSN&nbsp;0195-9212.]</ref> Ka dingwaga tsa 1994–95, dikampa tsa banana di ne di ratwa thata mo Botswana kwa morafe o neng wa tshwara kampa ya ntlha ya banana mo lefatsheng. Ka beke e le nngwe, basha ba ne ba kokoana kwa Setheong sa Baháʼí kwa Mahalapye mme ba ithuta botshelo jwa ga Baháʼu’lláh, Kitab-i-Aqdas, le dithuto tsa bodumedi tse di jaaka boitsheko le lenyalo, le go sa sweng ga moya.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081205190222/http://info.bahai.org/article-1-9-2-8.html Baháʼí Youth: "A New Kind of People"".] Baháʼí International Community. 2013. Archived from [http://info.bahai.org/article-1-9-2-8.html the original] on 2008-12-05. Retrieved 2013-07-12.</ref>"Ke Mang yo o Kwalang Isagwe? Seminara ka ga Dikgang tsa Ngwagakgolo wa bo masome a mabedi le bongwe" ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi e e neng e tshwaretswe kwa khamphaseng ya Yunibesithi ya Botswana.<ref>[[Invitation and Program". Association for Baháʼí Studies in Southern Africa. March 2, 2000. Archived from the original on November 6, 2003.|Invitation and Program"]]. Association for Baháʼí Studies in Southern Africa. March 2, 2000. Archived from the original on November 6, 2003.</ref> Maiteko a a anameng Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe Tautona wa nako eo wa Botswana Festus Mogae o ne a akgola go gatisiwa ga dibuka tsa Baháʼí ka puo ya Setswana ya lefatshe.<ref>[http://news.bahai.org/story/130 President of Botswana praises publication of Baháʼí books in native Setswana language".] ''Baháʼí World News Service''. Baháʼí International Community. 27 February 2001. Retrieved July 12, 2013.</ref>E nngwe e ne e le buka ya dithapelo tsa Baháʼí mo kgatisong ya yone ya boraro e e nang le thanolo e e tlhabolotsweng mme e nngwe e ne e le Mafoko a a Fitlhegileng a ga Baháʼu'lláh (e e gatisitsweng jaaka "Mafoko a Subhied a ga Baháʼu'lláh".) Buka ya dithapelo<ref name=":7" />e ka bonwa mo inthaneteng mahala. Tona ya pusoselegae ya Botswana, Margaret Nasha, o ne a akgola ditiro tsa morafe fa a ne a bua ka jubile ya one ya gauta e e neng e tshwerwe ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone.<ref name=":1" /> Baháʼí ba ba tswang kwa Botswana ba ne ba le gareng ga batho ba le sekete ba ba neng ba kokoane kwa khonferenseng ya kgaolo e e neng e biditswe ke Ntlo ya Bosiamisi ya Lefatshe Lotlhe e e neng e tla tshwarelwa kwa Johannesburg, Aforika Borwa, ka kgwedi ya Ngwanaitseele ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi.<ref>[[:en:Baháʼí_International_Community|Bahá í International Community]] (2008-11-23). "[https://news.bahai.org/community-news/regional-conferences/johannesburg.html The Johannesburg Regional Conference".] ''Baháʼí International News Service''.</ref> == Batho ka Bongwe ka Bongwe == Robert Sylvester o goletse mo Mokatoliking kwa Amerika mme a sokologela mo bodumeding joo ka dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa.[56] Ene le mosadi wa gagwe ba ne ba fudugela kwa Zambia moragonyana mo dingwageng tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa9, <ref>Warren Odess-Gillett (July 21, 2008). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20241213043042/http://www.bahaipodcast.com/archives.asp?pYrID=2008 Robert Sylvester".] ''A Baha'i Perspective''. Season 2008. Valley Free Radio.</ref>koo a neng a bereka gone kwa sekolong sengwe mme a direla mo setšhabeng sa Baháʼí koo. Morago ba fudugela kwa Botswana. O ne a tla direla jaaka Mogokgo (Mokhuduthamaga) wa Sekolo sa Boditšhabatšhaba sa Westwood kwa Gaborone, Botswana go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi. Mo go yone nako eo o ne a direla gape mo ditheong dingwe tsa bodumedi-a tlhomilwe kwa Setheong sa Katiso sa Leruri sa Baháʼaí kwa Botswana mo botong ya sone ya bakaedi ba nako e e fetileng (109) Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Baháʼí ba Botswana (1999-2000) mme morago ga moo ba boela kwa United States.<ref>Sylvester Robert F. "[https://webhost.bridgew.edu/rsylvester/bahai.rtf Vita of Robert F. Sylvester".]</ref> Shahin Lockman le monna wa gagwe ba ne ba dira diphatlhatiro di le mmalwa tsa kalafi go akaretsa le kwa Botswana.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150107061113/http://www.aids.harvard.edu/news/spotlight/archives/v7i3_shapiro_lockman_profile.html Drs. Roger Shapiro and Shahin Lockman - Partners in Research & Parenting"]. ''News & Publications, Spotlight newsletter''. HAI - Harvard School of Public Health AIDS Initiative. Fall 2010. Archived from [http://www.aids.harvard.edu/news/spotlight/archives/v7i3_shapiro_lockman_profile.html the original] on 2015-01-07. Retrieved 2013-07-12.</ref>Lockman o ne a dira ka bolwetse jwa thiibi mo Botswana. Fa a ne a etetse koo lekgetlo la ntlha ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borataro , o ne a gapa tlhokomelo ya bolwetse jo bongwe: HIV/AIDS. Bobedi jwa bone ba ne ba feleletsa ba dirile mo tekong ya ntlha ya kalafi ya tirisanommogo ya Setheo sa AIDS sa Botswana le Harvard ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi. Sean Hinton, leloko la Foramo ya Tiro ya Baeteledipele ya Setheo sa Aspen, o ne a dira jaaka motshegetsi le motlhotlheletsi wa porojeke ya go tsibosa batho ka HIV/AIDS e e bidiwang Letsema la Itlotlo (e e akanyeditsweng ke matsalaagwe Gerald le Lally Warren) go rotloetsa phetogo mo maitsholong a a dirang gore go anamisiwe HIV/AIDS ya setso mo Botswana . ditekanyetso tse di amanang le tumelo ya bodumedi jaaka maatla a phetogo ya maikutlo.<ref>[http://www.aspenleadersactionforum.org/user/149 About Sean Hinton"]. ''Action Forum Participants''. The Aspen Institute. August 1, 2013</ref>Go ne ga amogelwa dithuso tse pedi tsa go simolola go tswa kwa De Beers Botswana le go tswa kwa Ofising ya Tlhabololo ya Loago le Ikonomi ya Setšhaba sa Boditšhabatšhaba sa Baháʼí. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe Lucretia Warren, modulasetulo wa Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ya Semoya ya Baháʼí ba Botswana le leloko la nako e e fetileng la Boto ya Bagakolodi ba Kontinente ya Baháʼí ya Aforika,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130511195110/http://www.bahai.org.au/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=FmRQn-twNOk%3d&tabid=156 International Baháʼís to address Parliament"]. ''Australian Baháʼí Report''. '''13''' (3): 1–2. October 2009. Archived from [http://www.bahai.org.au/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=FmRQn-twNOk%3D&tabid=156 the original] on May 11, 2013. Retrieved July 12, 2013</ref> o ne a tlhagisa kwa Palamenteng ya gagwe ya boraro<ref>Khosravi Beman (1 August 2004). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20250912224806/https://bahaicouncil-ni.org.uk/comm/96/pwr.htm Parliament of the World's Religions"]. ''CommuNIqué'' (96). Retrieved July 12, 2013.</ref>ya Madumedi a Lefatshe e e neng e tshwerwe kwa Melbourne le phanele ya " ya Aforika".<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130511195057/http://www.bahai.org.au/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=zdnOesmjNQE%3d&tabid=156 Baháʼís contribute to inter-faith Parliament".] ''Australian Baháʼí Report''. '''14''' (1): 4–5. February 2010. Archived from the original on May 11, 2013. Retrieved July 12, 2013.</ref> Dipalopalo Mokgatlho wa Diakhaefe tsa Tshedimosetso ya Bodumedi (o o ikaegileng thata ka Saetlopedia ya Lefatshe Lotlhe ya Bokeresete) o ne wa fopholetsa gore go na le Baháʼí ba ka nna 16 500 ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210302132059/https://www.thearda.com/QL2010/QuickList_40.asp QuickLists: Most Baha'i (sic) Nations (2010)".] ''[[:en:Association_of_Religion_Data_Archives|Association of Religion]] Data Archives''. 2010. Archived from [https://www.thearda.com/QL2010/QuickList_40.asp the original] on 2021-03-02. Retrieved 2020-10-14.</ref>Le fa go ntse jalo palo ya batho ya bosetšhaba ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe e bala Baháʼí ba ka nna makgolo a supa.<ref name=":6" />Maloko a morafe mongwe le mongwe a fopholetsa gore dipalo tseno di ne di nyatsa dipalo tsa bone ka go farologana.<ref name=":6" /> == Metswedi == dsp41283c2agl0jcury7v4khevt63qf Tumisang Orebonye 0 14809 54664 54128 2026-09-08T21:03:28Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 54664 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tumisang Orebonye''' (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e le masome a mabedi le borataro ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borataro (1996) ke motshameki wa kgwele ya dinao wa Motswana yo o tshamekang jaaka motshameki wa bogare wa setlhopha sa Al-Shomooa sa Libyan Premier League le setlhopha sa bosetšhaba sa Botswana. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240528185301/https://www.besoccer.com/player/t-orebonye-369352 "T. Orebonye - Al-Shomooa SC".] Retrieved 9 March 2026</ref>Orebonye e ne e le motshameki wa ntlha wa Botswana go fenya sekgele sa kontinente, a fenya CAF Confederation Cup ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro (2023) le USM Alger .<ref>Pheko, Isaac (9 August 2023)[https://guardiansun.co.bw/sports/football/orebonye-talks-life-and-football . "Orebonye talks life and football".] Guardian Sun. Retrieved 5 January 2026.</ref> == Tiro ya go tshameka == === USM Alger === Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e thola bongwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro (2023), Orebonye o ne a ya kwa USM Alger ka konteraka ya dingwaga di le pedi le halofo, a tlogela OC Khouribga ya kwa Morocco. <ref>[https://mediafootdz.dz/mercato-tumisang-orebonye-signe-a-lusma/ Mercato : Tumisang Orebonye signe à l'USMA"]. mediafootdz.dz. 1 February 2023. Retrieved 1 February 2023.</ref>Kwadiso ya gagwe e ne ya diegisiwa ka gore o ne a sa ntse a le mo kgolegelong e e neng e beilwe ke Royal Moroccan Football Federation, e e neng ya mo thibela go tlhagelela mo kgaisanong ya selegae go fitlha ka Tlhakole. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240809193533/https://www.competition.dz/actualites/89-ligue-1/84339-usma-tumisang-orebonye-est-il-suspendu.html USMA : Tumisang Orebonye est-il suspendu ?]". competition.dz. 1 February 2023. Retrieved 6 June 2023.</ref>Orebonye o ne a tshamekela setlhopha sa gagwe sa ntlha kwa CAF Confederation Cup fa ba ne ba fenya Saint-Éloi Lupopo. Beke morago ga moo mo kgaisanong e e tshwanang kgatlhanong le Al Akhdar, Orebonye o ne a tsenya bolo ya gagwe ya ntlha mo setlhopheng.<ref>[https://www.dzfoot.com/football-en-algerie/coupes/caf-cc-bonne-operation-de-lusma-en-libye-238491.html CAF CC : Bonne opération de l'USMA en Libye]". dzfoot.com. 19 February 2023. Retrieved 7 June 2023.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e thola boraro ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro (2023), Orebonye o ne a gapa sekgele sa ntlha le setlhopha sa gagwe ka go fenya CAF Confederation Cup, koo a neng a nna motshameki wa ntlha wa Botswana go gapa sekgele sa kontinente<ref name=":0">[https://www.barrons.com/news/usm-alger-lift-caf-cup-despite-home-loss-to-young-africans-2cdf88d4 USM Alger Lift CAF Cup Despite Home Loss To Young Africans"]. barrons.com. 3 June 2023. Retrieved 4 June 2023.</ref>.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230607131320/https://enole.co.bw/tumisang-orebonye-won-caf-confederation-gold-medal/ Tumisang Orebonye won CAF Confederation Gold Medal]". enole.co.bw. 5 June 2023. Retrieved 7 June 2023.</ref>O ne a fenya gape le USM Alger, CAF Super Cup ya 2023, morago ga go fenya Al Ahly ka qkgwedi ya Lwetse. <ref name=":1">[https://mediafootdz.dz/lusma-remporte-la-supercoupe-de-la-caf-face-au-ahly/ L'USMA remporte la Supercoupe de la CAF face au Ahly"]. mediafootdz.dz. 15 September 2023. Retrieved 15 September 2023</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024), USM Alger e ne ya fedisa konteraka ya ga Orebonye ka tumelano, e mo letla go tlogela setlhopha jaaka moemedi yo o gololesegileng. <ref>[https://planetesport.dz/tumisang-orebonye-veut-quitter-lusma/ Tumisang Orebonye veut quitter l'USMA]". Planete Sport. 3 January 2024. Retrieved 5 January </ref><ref>[https://www.dzfoot.com/non-classe/usm-alger-resiliation-du-contrat-de-tumisang-orebonye-252486.html USM Alger : Résiliation du contrat de Tumisang Orebonye".] DZfoot. 9 January 2024. Retrieved 9 January 2024.</ref> === AS FAR === Moragonyana ga go tswa kwa Algeria, Orebonye o ne a boela kwa Morocco go ya go saena le AS FAR Rabat ka tumelano ya dingwaga di le pedi le sephatlo kwa tshimologong ya kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024).<ref>[https://www.mmegi.bw/sports/orebonye-returns-to-morocco/news Orebonye returns to Morocco".] Orebonye returns to Morocco. 9 January 2024. Retrieved 23 December 2025.</ref> === Al-Ittihad Tripoli === Orebone o ne a nna kwa AS FAR mme morago ga moo a tsaya kgato e nngwe: ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano (2025), setlhopha sa kwa Libya sa Al Ittihad Tripoli se ne sa tsenya tirisong tumelano ya gagwe ya go mo golola, e go neng ga begwa gore e ka nna $500,000, gore a kgone go bona ditirelo tsa gagwe go tswa kwa AS FAR, mme seo sa dira gore a kopane le mokatisi Juan Carlos Garrido, yo o neng a kile a mo thapisa kwa USM Alger.<ref>Géthox, Sonangnon (8 February 2025). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20260106064729/https://africafootunited.com/transfert-equipe-du-botswana-tumisang-orebonye-rejoint-officiellement-al-ittihad-club/ Transfert – Équipe du Botswana : Tumisang Orebonye rejoint officiellement Al-Ittihad Club"]. ''AfricaFootUnited'' (in French). Retrieved 23 December 2025.</ref> == Tiro ya boditšhabatšhaba == Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e le masome a mabedi le botlhano ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bosupa (2017),Tumisang Orebonye o ne a tshameka motshameko wa gagwe wa ntlha le setlhopha sa bosetšhaba sa Botswana kgatlhanong le Tanzania mo motshamekong wa botsalano. Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e le masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi ( 2018),Orebonye o ne a tsenya bolo ya gagwe ya ntlha ka mebala ya Botswana kgatlhanong le Namibia. Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e le lesome ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bongwe (2021), Orebonye o ne a dira hat-trick kgatlhanong le Lesotho mo kgaisanong ya ditlhopha tsa COSAFA Cup. == Dipalopalo tsa ditiro == === Club === Go tloga ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e thola botlhano ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bone (2024)<ref>[https://int.soccerway.com/players/tumisang-orebonye/478909/ Tumisang Orebonye] at Soccerway</ref> == <ref>[https://www.national-football-teams.com/matches/report/28927/Zambia_Botswana.html Zambia vs. Botswana"]. National Football Teams. Retrieved 5 June 2025.</ref><ref>[https://www.national-football-teams.com/matches/report/20753/Botswana_Namibia.html Botswana vs. Namibia]". National Football Teams. Retrieved 5 June 2025.</ref>Ditlotla == === Dithuthuntshwane tsa Township Rollers === * Botswana Premier League: 2018-19 === USM Alger === * CAF Confederation Cup: 2022 ⁇ 23 <ref name=":0" /> * CAF Super Cup: 2023 <ref name=":1" /> === Motho a le mongwe === * FUB Young Player of the Season: 2017<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200702210143/http://www.dailynews.gov.bw/mobile/news-details.php?nid=38243&flag= https://web.archive.org/web/20200702210143/http://www.dailynews.gov.bw/mobile/news-details.php?nid=38243&flag=https://web.archive.org/web/20200702210143/http://www.dailynews.gov.bw/mobile/news-details.php?nid=38243&flag=]</ref> * Mascom Top 8 Cup Top Goalscorer: 2019a<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190519082354/http://www.sundaystandard.info/galaxy-are-new-mascom-top-8-stars Galaxy are the new Mascom Top 8 stars | Sunday Standard".] www.sundaystandard.info. Archived from the original on 19 May 2019.</ref> == Metswedi == rdno08yenixizxiq3wceeysageq9q6l Seanamarena 0 14956 54638 54507 2026-09-08T17:02:47Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 54638 wikitext text/x-wiki === '''Seanamarena''' === Seanamarena, kobo ya Basotho ke dikobo tsa setso tsa wulu tse di amanngwang le batho ba Basotho ba Lesotho. Ga se seaparo fela kana sengwe se se dirisediwang go thuthafatsa. Dikobo ke letshwao le le botlhokwa la setso sa Basotho, boitshupo, hisetori le boikgantsho. E aparwa ke batho ba dingwaga tse di farologaneng mme e bonala thata ka nako ya meletlo e e botlhokwa ya setso, meletlo le ditiragalo tsa setso.<ref>https://www.wantedonline.co.za/art-design/2024-04-03-sutha-ke-fete-spotlighting-basotho-identity-and-design/</ref> ==== Hisetori ya Seanamarena sa Basotho ==== Hisetorii ya kobo ya Basotho e golagane thata le hisetori ya Bogosi jwa Lesotho. Dikobo tsa setaele sa kwa Yuropa di ne tsa simolola go ratiwa thata ke Ba-Basotho mo lekgolong la bo19 la dingwaga, segolobogolo ka nako ya puso ya ga Kgosi Moshoeshoe I, mosimolodi wa setšhaba sa Ba-Basotho.<ref>https://www.vogue.com/article/basotho-heritage-blankets</ref> Fa nako e ntse e tsamaya, dikobo di ne tsa tsenngwa mo setsong sa Basotho mme tsa nna karolo e e botlhokwa ya moaparo wa setso. Mekgwa e e tlhomologileng le dipopego tse di bonwang mo dikobong tse dintsi tsa Basotho di dirile gore di itsiwe mo Lesotho le mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref>https://www.news24.com/life/lifestyle-trends/sutha-ke-fete-exhibition-honours-160-years-of-history-heritage-and-basotho-identity-20240326</ref> ==== Lebaka La go Bo Batho ba Basotho ba Apara Dikobo ==== Lesotho ke naga e e nang le dithaba e e nang le dithemperetšha tse di tsididi thata, segolobogolo ka mariga le kwa mafelong a a kwa godimo thata. Ka jalo dikobo di na le mosola ka gonne di re naya mogote le go re sireletsa mo maemong a bosa.<ref>https://witsvuvuzela.com/2026/08/06/feature-sesotho-fesheneng-to-know-your-origin-is-to-know-yourself/</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, botlhokwa jwa tsone ga bo felele fela ka go dira gore batho ba nne ba thuthafetse. Go apara kobo gape go ka bontsha gore motho ke wa setso sefe, o na le dingwaga di le kae, o na le maemo afe mo setšhabeng kgotsa gore o nnile le seabe mo tiragalong nngwe e e botlhokwa.<ref>https://novanews.co.za/bloemnewsexpress/exhibition-celebrating-basotho-heritage-of-blankets-extended-to-new-year/</ref> bfz9cr4nixyqzorwf3c7f88oqntnnbe 54639 54638 2026-09-08T17:04:13Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 54639 wikitext text/x-wiki === '''Seanamarena''' === Seanamarena, kobo ya Basotho ke dikobo tsa setso tsa wulu tse di amanngwang le batho ba Basotho ba Lesotho. Ga se seaparo fela kana sengwe se se dirisediwang go thuthafatsa. Dikobo ke letshwao le le botlhokwa la setso sa Basotho, boitshupo, hisetori le boikgantsho. E aparwa ke batho ba dingwaga tse di farologaneng mme e bonala thata ka nako ya meletlo e e botlhokwa ya setso, meletlo le ditiragalo tsa setso.<ref>https://www.wantedonline.co.za/art-design/2024-04-03-sutha-ke-fete-spotlighting-basotho-identity-and-design/</ref> ==== Hisetori ya Seanamarena sa Basotho ==== Hisetorii ya kobo ya Basotho e golagane thata le hisetori ya Bogosi jwa Lesotho. Dikobo tsa setaele sa kwa Yuropa di ne tsa simolola go ratiwa thata ke Ba-Basotho mo lekgolong la bo19 la dingwaga, segolobogolo ka nako ya puso ya ga Kgosi Moshoeshoe I, mosimolodi wa setšhaba sa Ba-Basotho.<ref>https://www.vogue.com/article/basotho-heritage-blankets</ref> Fa nako e ntse e tsamaya, dikobo di ne tsa tsenngwa mo setsong sa Basotho mme tsa nna karolo e e botlhokwa ya moaparo wa setso. Mekgwa e e tlhomologileng le dipopego tse di bonwang mo dikobong tse dintsi tsa Basotho di dirile gore di itsiwe mo Lesotho le mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref>https://www.news24.com/life/lifestyle-trends/sutha-ke-fete-exhibition-honours-160-years-of-history-heritage-and-basotho-identity-20240326</ref> ==== Lebaka La go Bo Batho ba Basotho ba Apara Dikobo ==== Lesotho ke naga e e nang le dithaba e e nang le dithemperetšha tse di tsididi thata, segolobogolo ka mariga le kwa mafelong a a kwa godimo thata. Ka jalo dikobo di na le mosola ka gonne di re naya mogote le go re sireletsa mo maemong a bosa.<ref>https://witsvuvuzela.com/2026/08/06/feature-sesotho-fesheneng-to-know-your-origin-is-to-know-yourself/</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, botlhokwa jwa tsone ga bo felele fela ka go dira gore batho ba nne ba thuthafetse. Go apara kobo gape go ka bontsha gore motho ke wa setso sefe, o na le dingwaga di le kae, o na le maemo afe mo setšhabeng kgotsa gore o nnile le seabe mo tiragalong nngwe e e botlhokwa.<ref>https://novanews.co.za/bloemnewsexpress/exhibition-celebrating-basotho-heritage-of-blankets-extended-to-new-year/</ref> ==== Ditshwantsho le Mekgwa ya go Dira Dilo ==== Dikobo tsa Basotho gantsi di dirwa ka boboa jo bo motona mme di kgabisitswe ka mebala e e farologaneng, dipopego le matshwao.<ref>https://www.news24.com/citypress/trending/the-road-to-semonkong-20150719</ref> Dikobo di le dintsi di na le dipopego tse di tlhomologileng tse di di nayang maina le bokao jo bo rileng. Mekgwa mengwe ya go taka e amana le dikarolo tsa botlhokwa tsa botshelo jwa Basotho, hisitori, bogosi, kana tlholego. Mofuta o mongwe o o itsegeng thata ke Seanamarena, o o amanang thata le ngwao-boswa ya Basotho mme e setse e le mongwe wa mefuta ya dikobo e e itsegeng thata ya Basotho.<ref>https://www.wantedonline.co.za/art-design/2017-02-01-how-the-basotho-blanket-became-the-brand-identity-of-a-nation/</ref> 49stv7oon7288a2syns4gpb4y96vzal 54640 54639 2026-09-08T17:04:58Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 54640 wikitext text/x-wiki === '''Seanamarena''' === Seanamarena, kobo ya Basotho ke dikobo tsa setso tsa wulu tse di amanngwang le batho ba Basotho ba Lesotho. Ga se seaparo fela kana sengwe se se dirisediwang go thuthafatsa. Dikobo ke letshwao le le botlhokwa la setso sa Basotho, boitshupo, hisetori le boikgantsho. E aparwa ke batho ba dingwaga tse di farologaneng mme e bonala thata ka nako ya meletlo e e botlhokwa ya setso, meletlo le ditiragalo tsa setso.<ref>https://www.wantedonline.co.za/art-design/2024-04-03-sutha-ke-fete-spotlighting-basotho-identity-and-design/</ref> ==== Hisetori ya Seanamarena sa Basotho ==== Hisetorii ya kobo ya Basotho e golagane thata le hisetori ya Bogosi jwa Lesotho. Dikobo tsa setaele sa kwa Yuropa di ne tsa simolola go ratiwa thata ke Ba-Basotho mo lekgolong la bo19 la dingwaga, segolobogolo ka nako ya puso ya ga Kgosi Moshoeshoe I, mosimolodi wa setšhaba sa Ba-Basotho.<ref>https://www.vogue.com/article/basotho-heritage-blankets</ref> Fa nako e ntse e tsamaya, dikobo di ne tsa tsenngwa mo setsong sa Basotho mme tsa nna karolo e e botlhokwa ya moaparo wa setso. Mekgwa e e tlhomologileng le dipopego tse di bonwang mo dikobong tse dintsi tsa Basotho di dirile gore di itsiwe mo Lesotho le mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref>https://www.news24.com/life/lifestyle-trends/sutha-ke-fete-exhibition-honours-160-years-of-history-heritage-and-basotho-identity-20240326</ref> ==== Lebaka La go Bo Batho ba Basotho ba Apara Dikobo ==== Lesotho ke naga e e nang le dithaba e e nang le dithemperetšha tse di tsididi thata, segolobogolo ka mariga le kwa mafelong a a kwa godimo thata. Ka jalo dikobo di na le mosola ka gonne di re naya mogote le go re sireletsa mo maemong a bosa.<ref>https://witsvuvuzela.com/2026/08/06/feature-sesotho-fesheneng-to-know-your-origin-is-to-know-yourself/</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, botlhokwa jwa tsone ga bo felele fela ka go dira gore batho ba nne ba thuthafetse. Go apara kobo gape go ka bontsha gore motho ke wa setso sefe, o na le dingwaga di le kae, o na le maemo afe mo setšhabeng kgotsa gore o nnile le seabe mo tiragalong nngwe e e botlhokwa.<ref name=":0">https://novanews.co.za/bloemnewsexpress/exhibition-celebrating-basotho-heritage-of-blankets-extended-to-new-year/</ref> ==== Ditshwantsho le Mekgwa ya go Dira Dilo ==== Dikobo tsa Basotho gantsi di dirwa ka boboa jo bo motona mme di kgabisitswe ka mebala e e farologaneng, dipopego le matshwao.<ref>https://www.news24.com/citypress/trending/the-road-to-semonkong-20150719</ref> Dikobo di le dintsi di na le dipopego tse di tlhomologileng tse di di nayang maina le bokao jo bo rileng. Mekgwa mengwe ya go taka e amana le dikarolo tsa botlhokwa tsa botshelo jwa Basotho, hisitori, bogosi, kana tlholego. Mofuta o mongwe o o itsegeng thata ke Seanamarena, o o amanang thata le ngwao-boswa ya Basotho mme e setse e le mongwe wa mefuta ya dikobo e e itsegeng thata ya Basotho.<ref>https://www.wantedonline.co.za/art-design/2017-02-01-how-the-basotho-blanket-became-the-brand-identity-of-a-nation/</ref> ==== Bokao Jwa Kobo ==== Dikobo tsa Basotho di tshwantshetsa go nna botsalano, go sirelediwa, go nna le seriti le go nna le setso se se rileng. Gape e ka emela go nna wa morafe wa Basotho. Mo bathong ba le bantsi, go apara kobo ke tsela ya go bontsha go tlotla boswa jwa bone le go boloka dingwao tsa bone. Dikobo di ka nna tsa newa gape e le dimpho tse di nang le bokao ka dinako tsa botlhokwa.<ref name=":0" /> motzkrggav9r7jovp3dbu7gwyz22tlo 54641 54640 2026-09-08T17:06:24Z Reagoleboga 10854 added a photo 54641 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Sothomen.jpg|thumb|Seanamarena blanket]] === '''Seanamarena''' === Seanamarena, kobo ya Basotho ke dikobo tsa setso tsa wulu tse di amanngwang le batho ba Basotho ba Lesotho. Ga se seaparo fela kana sengwe se se dirisediwang go thuthafatsa. Dikobo ke letshwao le le botlhokwa la setso sa Basotho, boitshupo, hisetori le boikgantsho. E aparwa ke batho ba dingwaga tse di farologaneng mme e bonala thata ka nako ya meletlo e e botlhokwa ya setso, meletlo le ditiragalo tsa setso.<ref>https://www.wantedonline.co.za/art-design/2024-04-03-sutha-ke-fete-spotlighting-basotho-identity-and-design/</ref> ==== Hisetori ya Seanamarena sa Basotho ==== Hisetorii ya kobo ya Basotho e golagane thata le hisetori ya Bogosi jwa Lesotho. Dikobo tsa setaele sa kwa Yuropa di ne tsa simolola go ratiwa thata ke Ba-Basotho mo lekgolong la bo19 la dingwaga, segolobogolo ka nako ya puso ya ga Kgosi Moshoeshoe I, mosimolodi wa setšhaba sa Ba-Basotho.<ref>https://www.vogue.com/article/basotho-heritage-blankets</ref> Fa nako e ntse e tsamaya, dikobo di ne tsa tsenngwa mo setsong sa Basotho mme tsa nna karolo e e botlhokwa ya moaparo wa setso. Mekgwa e e tlhomologileng le dipopego tse di bonwang mo dikobong tse dintsi tsa Basotho di dirile gore di itsiwe mo Lesotho le mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref>https://www.news24.com/life/lifestyle-trends/sutha-ke-fete-exhibition-honours-160-years-of-history-heritage-and-basotho-identity-20240326</ref> ==== Lebaka La go Bo Batho ba Basotho ba Apara Dikobo ==== Lesotho ke naga e e nang le dithaba e e nang le dithemperetšha tse di tsididi thata, segolobogolo ka mariga le kwa mafelong a a kwa godimo thata. Ka jalo dikobo di na le mosola ka gonne di re naya mogote le go re sireletsa mo maemong a bosa.<ref>https://witsvuvuzela.com/2026/08/06/feature-sesotho-fesheneng-to-know-your-origin-is-to-know-yourself/</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, botlhokwa jwa tsone ga bo felele fela ka go dira gore batho ba nne ba thuthafetse. Go apara kobo gape go ka bontsha gore motho ke wa setso sefe, o na le dingwaga di le kae, o na le maemo afe mo setšhabeng kgotsa gore o nnile le seabe mo tiragalong nngwe e e botlhokwa.<ref name=":0">https://novanews.co.za/bloemnewsexpress/exhibition-celebrating-basotho-heritage-of-blankets-extended-to-new-year/</ref> ==== Ditshwantsho le Mekgwa ya go Dira Dilo ==== Dikobo tsa Basotho gantsi di dirwa ka boboa jo bo motona mme di kgabisitswe ka mebala e e farologaneng, dipopego le matshwao.<ref>https://www.news24.com/citypress/trending/the-road-to-semonkong-20150719</ref> Dikobo di le dintsi di na le dipopego tse di tlhomologileng tse di di nayang maina le bokao jo bo rileng. Mekgwa mengwe ya go taka e amana le dikarolo tsa botlhokwa tsa botshelo jwa Basotho, hisitori, bogosi, kana tlholego. Mofuta o mongwe o o itsegeng thata ke Seanamarena, o o amanang thata le ngwao-boswa ya Basotho mme e setse e le mongwe wa mefuta ya dikobo e e itsegeng thata ya Basotho.<ref>https://www.wantedonline.co.za/art-design/2017-02-01-how-the-basotho-blanket-became-the-brand-identity-of-a-nation/</ref> ==== Bokao Jwa Kobo ==== Dikobo tsa Basotho di tshwantshetsa go nna botsalano, go sirelediwa, go nna le seriti le go nna le setso se se rileng. Gape e ka emela go nna wa morafe wa Basotho. Mo bathong ba le bantsi, go apara kobo ke tsela ya go bontsha go tlotla boswa jwa bone le go boloka dingwao tsa bone. Dikobo di ka nna tsa newa gape e le dimpho tse di nang le bokao ka dinako tsa botlhokwa.<ref name=":0" /> qocq2rytebfwpdilngghup662o8yk6h 54642 54641 2026-09-08T17:06:52Z Reagoleboga 10854 added a photo 54642 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Sothomen.jpg|thumb|Seanamarena blanket]] [[Setshwantsho:Mpho in Basotho Traditional Blanket.jpg|thumb|Mosadi o apare kobo ya Seanamarena]] === '''Seanamarena''' === Seanamarena, kobo ya Basotho ke dikobo tsa setso tsa wulu tse di amanngwang le batho ba Basotho ba Lesotho. Ga se seaparo fela kana sengwe se se dirisediwang go thuthafatsa. Dikobo ke letshwao le le botlhokwa la setso sa Basotho, boitshupo, hisetori le boikgantsho. E aparwa ke batho ba dingwaga tse di farologaneng mme e bonala thata ka nako ya meletlo e e botlhokwa ya setso, meletlo le ditiragalo tsa setso.<ref>https://www.wantedonline.co.za/art-design/2024-04-03-sutha-ke-fete-spotlighting-basotho-identity-and-design/</ref> ==== Hisetori ya Seanamarena sa Basotho ==== Hisetorii ya kobo ya Basotho e golagane thata le hisetori ya Bogosi jwa Lesotho. Dikobo tsa setaele sa kwa Yuropa di ne tsa simolola go ratiwa thata ke Ba-Basotho mo lekgolong la bo19 la dingwaga, segolobogolo ka nako ya puso ya ga Kgosi Moshoeshoe I, mosimolodi wa setšhaba sa Ba-Basotho.<ref>https://www.vogue.com/article/basotho-heritage-blankets</ref> Fa nako e ntse e tsamaya, dikobo di ne tsa tsenngwa mo setsong sa Basotho mme tsa nna karolo e e botlhokwa ya moaparo wa setso. Mekgwa e e tlhomologileng le dipopego tse di bonwang mo dikobong tse dintsi tsa Basotho di dirile gore di itsiwe mo Lesotho le mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref>https://www.news24.com/life/lifestyle-trends/sutha-ke-fete-exhibition-honours-160-years-of-history-heritage-and-basotho-identity-20240326</ref> ==== Lebaka La go Bo Batho ba Basotho ba Apara Dikobo ==== Lesotho ke naga e e nang le dithaba e e nang le dithemperetšha tse di tsididi thata, segolobogolo ka mariga le kwa mafelong a a kwa godimo thata. Ka jalo dikobo di na le mosola ka gonne di re naya mogote le go re sireletsa mo maemong a bosa.<ref>https://witsvuvuzela.com/2026/08/06/feature-sesotho-fesheneng-to-know-your-origin-is-to-know-yourself/</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, botlhokwa jwa tsone ga bo felele fela ka go dira gore batho ba nne ba thuthafetse. Go apara kobo gape go ka bontsha gore motho ke wa setso sefe, o na le dingwaga di le kae, o na le maemo afe mo setšhabeng kgotsa gore o nnile le seabe mo tiragalong nngwe e e botlhokwa.<ref name=":0">https://novanews.co.za/bloemnewsexpress/exhibition-celebrating-basotho-heritage-of-blankets-extended-to-new-year/</ref> ==== Ditshwantsho le Mekgwa ya go Dira Dilo ==== Dikobo tsa Basotho gantsi di dirwa ka boboa jo bo motona mme di kgabisitswe ka mebala e e farologaneng, dipopego le matshwao.<ref>https://www.news24.com/citypress/trending/the-road-to-semonkong-20150719</ref> Dikobo di le dintsi di na le dipopego tse di tlhomologileng tse di di nayang maina le bokao jo bo rileng. Mekgwa mengwe ya go taka e amana le dikarolo tsa botlhokwa tsa botshelo jwa Basotho, hisitori, bogosi, kana tlholego. Mofuta o mongwe o o itsegeng thata ke Seanamarena, o o amanang thata le ngwao-boswa ya Basotho mme e setse e le mongwe wa mefuta ya dikobo e e itsegeng thata ya Basotho.<ref>https://www.wantedonline.co.za/art-design/2017-02-01-how-the-basotho-blanket-became-the-brand-identity-of-a-nation/</ref> ==== Bokao Jwa Kobo ==== Dikobo tsa Basotho di tshwantshetsa go nna botsalano, go sirelediwa, go nna le seriti le go nna le setso se se rileng. Gape e ka emela go nna wa morafe wa Basotho. Mo bathong ba le bantsi, go apara kobo ke tsela ya go bontsha go tlotla boswa jwa bone le go boloka dingwao tsa bone. Dikobo di ka nna tsa newa gape e le dimpho tse di nang le bokao ka dinako tsa botlhokwa.<ref name=":0" /> sg3cxhex7dzxg3kr3ehtp8gnik4f02r 54643 54642 2026-09-08T17:07:48Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 54643 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Sothomen.jpg|thumb|Seanamarena blanket]] [[Setshwantsho:Mpho in Basotho Traditional Blanket.jpg|thumb|Mosadi o apare kobo ya Seanamarena]] === '''Seanamarena''' === Seanamarena, ke kobo ya Basotho ke dikobo tsa setso tsa wulu tse di amanngwang le batho ba Basotho ba Lesotho. Ga se seaparo fela kana sengwe se se dirisediwang go thuthafatsa. Dikobo ke letshwao le le botlhokwa la setso sa Basotho, boitshupo, hisetori le boikgantsho. E aparwa ke batho ba dingwaga tse di farologaneng mme e bonala thata ka nako ya meletlo e e botlhokwa ya setso, meletlo le ditiragalo tsa setso.<ref>https://www.wantedonline.co.za/art-design/2024-04-03-sutha-ke-fete-spotlighting-basotho-identity-and-design/</ref> ==== Hisetori ya Seanamarena sa Basotho ==== Hisetorii ya kobo ya Basotho e golagane thata le hisetori ya Bogosi jwa Lesotho. Dikobo tsa setaele sa kwa Yuropa di ne tsa simolola go ratiwa thata ke Ba-Basotho mo lekgolong la bo19 la dingwaga, segolobogolo ka nako ya puso ya ga Kgosi Moshoeshoe I, mosimolodi wa setšhaba sa Ba-Basotho.<ref>https://www.vogue.com/article/basotho-heritage-blankets</ref> Fa nako e ntse e tsamaya, dikobo di ne tsa tsenngwa mo setsong sa Basotho mme tsa nna karolo e e botlhokwa ya moaparo wa setso. Mekgwa e e tlhomologileng le dipopego tse di bonwang mo dikobong tse dintsi tsa Basotho di dirile gore di itsiwe mo Lesotho le mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref>https://www.news24.com/life/lifestyle-trends/sutha-ke-fete-exhibition-honours-160-years-of-history-heritage-and-basotho-identity-20240326</ref> ==== Lebaka La go Bo Batho ba Basotho ba Apara Dikobo ==== Lesotho ke naga e e nang le dithaba e e nang le dithemperetšha tse di tsididi thata, segolobogolo ka mariga le kwa mafelong a a kwa godimo thata. Ka jalo dikobo di na le mosola ka gonne di re naya mogote le go re sireletsa mo maemong a bosa.<ref name=":1">https://witsvuvuzela.com/2026/08/06/feature-sesotho-fesheneng-to-know-your-origin-is-to-know-yourself/</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, botlhokwa jwa tsone ga bo felele fela ka go dira gore batho ba nne ba thuthafetse. Go apara kobo gape go ka bontsha gore motho ke wa setso sefe, o na le dingwaga di le kae, o na le maemo afe mo setšhabeng kgotsa gore o nnile le seabe mo tiragalong nngwe e e botlhokwa.<ref name=":0">https://novanews.co.za/bloemnewsexpress/exhibition-celebrating-basotho-heritage-of-blankets-extended-to-new-year/</ref> ==== Ditshwantsho le Mekgwa ya go Dira Dilo ==== Dikobo tsa Basotho gantsi di dirwa ka boboa jo bo motona mme di kgabisitswe ka mebala e e farologaneng, dipopego le matshwao.<ref>https://www.news24.com/citypress/trending/the-road-to-semonkong-20150719</ref> Dikobo di le dintsi di na le dipopego tse di tlhomologileng tse di di nayang maina le bokao jo bo rileng. Mekgwa mengwe ya go taka e amana le dikarolo tsa botlhokwa tsa botshelo jwa Basotho, hisitori, bogosi, kana tlholego. Mofuta o mongwe o o itsegeng thata ke Seanamarena, o o amanang thata le ngwao-boswa ya Basotho mme e setse e le mongwe wa mefuta ya dikobo e e itsegeng thata ya Basotho.<ref>https://www.wantedonline.co.za/art-design/2017-02-01-how-the-basotho-blanket-became-the-brand-identity-of-a-nation/</ref> ==== Bokao Jwa Kobo ==== Dikobo tsa Basotho di tshwantshetsa go nna botsalano, go sirelediwa, go nna le seriti le go nna le setso se se rileng. Gape e ka emela go nna wa morafe wa Basotho. Mo bathong ba le bantsi, go apara kobo ke tsela ya go bontsha go tlotla boswa jwa bone le go boloka dingwao tsa bone. Dikobo di ka nna tsa newa gape e le dimpho tse di nang le bokao ka dinako tsa botlhokwa.<ref name=":0" /> ==== Botlhokwa Jwa Gone Jaanong ==== Le fa gone kobo ya Basotho e simologile mo dingwaong, e sa ntse e le botlhokwa mo setšhabeng sa segompieno. Batho ba santse ba tswelela go apara dikobo mo botshelong jwa letsatsi le letsatsi mmogo le ka nako ya ditiragalo tsa setso. Dikobo tsa Basotho gape di tumile kwa ntle ga Lesotho mme di tsewa e le sekao se se botlhokwa sa popego ya setso sa borwa jwa Aforika. Di bontsha kafa diaparo tsa setso di ka nnang di ntse di na le bokao ka teng fa di ntse di fetofetoga le botshelo jwa segompieno. Go dirwa le go rekisiwa ga dikobo tsa Basotho go thusa ikonomi ya selegae. Dikobo tseno di rekisiwa kwa Lesotho le kwa baeng ba ba tswang kwa dinageng tse dingwe, e leng se se dirang gore e nne selo sa botlhokwa sa setso. Go tuma ga tsone gape go thusa dikgwebo tse di dirang dilo tse di farologaneng, tse di rekisang, tsa bojanala le tsa setso.<ref name=":1" /> 4dkl9vkruhwroautj6ogvrs4jc76in3 54650 54643 2026-09-08T17:15:05Z Reagoleboga 10854 54650 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Sothomen.jpg|thumb|Seanamarena blanket]] [[Setshwantsho:Mpho in Basotho Traditional Blanket.jpg|thumb|Mosadi o apare kobo ya Seanamarena]] === '''Seanamarena''' === Seanamarena, ke kobo ya Basotho ke dikobo tsa setso tsa wulu tse di amanngwang le batho ba Basotho ba Lesotho. Ga se seaparo fela kana sengwe se se dirisediwang go thuthafatsa. Dikobo ke letshwao le le botlhokwa la setso sa Basotho, boitshupo, hisetori le boikgantsho. E aparwa ke batho ba dingwaga tse di farologaneng mme e bonala thata ka nako ya meletlo e e botlhokwa ya setso, meletlo le ditiragalo tsa setso.<ref>https://www.wantedonline.co.za/art-design/2024-04-03-sutha-ke-fete-spotlighting-basotho-identity-and-design/</ref> ==== Hisetori ya Seanamarena sa Basotho ==== Hisetorii ya kobo ya Basotho e golagane thata le hisetori ya Bogosi jwa Lesotho. Dikobo tsa setaele sa kwa Yuropa di ne tsa simolola go ratiwa thata ke Ba-Basotho mo lekgolong la bo19 la dingwaga, segolobogolo ka nako ya puso ya ga Kgosi Moshoeshoe I, mosimolodi wa setšhaba sa Ba-Basotho.<ref>https://www.vogue.com/article/basotho-heritage-blankets</ref> Fa nako e ntse e tsamaya, dikobo di ne tsa tsenngwa mo setsong sa Basotho mme tsa nna karolo e e botlhokwa ya moaparo wa setso. Mekgwa e e tlhomologileng le dipopego tse di bonwang mo dikobong tse dintsi tsa Basotho di dirile gore di itsiwe mo Lesotho le mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref>https://www.news24.com/life/lifestyle-trends/sutha-ke-fete-exhibition-honours-160-years-of-history-heritage-and-basotho-identity-20240326</ref> ==== Lebaka La go Bo Batho ba Basotho ba Apara Dikobo ==== Lesotho ke naga e e nang le dithaba e e nang le dithemperetšha tse di tsididi thata, segolobogolo ka mariga le kwa mafelong a a kwa godimo thata. Ka jalo dikobo di na le mosola ka gonne di re naya mogote le go re sireletsa mo maemong a bosa.<ref name=":1">https://witsvuvuzela.com/2026/08/06/feature-sesotho-fesheneng-to-know-your-origin-is-to-know-yourself/</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, botlhokwa jwa tsone ga bo felele fela ka go dira gore batho ba nne ba thuthafetse. Go apara kobo gape go ka bontsha gore motho ke wa setso sefe, o na le dingwaga di le kae, o na le maemo afe mo setšhabeng kgotsa gore o nnile le seabe mo tiragalong nngwe e e botlhokwa.<ref name=":0">https://novanews.co.za/bloemnewsexpress/exhibition-celebrating-basotho-heritage-of-blankets-extended-to-new-year/</ref> ==== Ditshwantsho le Mekgwa ya go Dira Dilo ==== Dikobo tsa Basotho gantsi di dirwa ka boboa jo bo motona mme di kgabisitswe ka mebala e e farologaneng, dipopego le matshwao.<ref>https://www.news24.com/citypress/trending/the-road-to-semonkong-20150719</ref> Dikobo di le dintsi di na le dipopego tse di tlhomologileng tse di di nayang maina le bokao jo bo rileng. Mekgwa mengwe ya go taka e amana le dikarolo tsa botlhokwa tsa botshelo jwa Basotho, hisitori, bogosi, kana tlholego. Mofuta o mongwe o o itsegeng thata ke Seanamarena, o o amanang thata le ngwao-boswa ya Basotho mme e setse e le mongwe wa mefuta ya dikobo e e itsegeng thata ya Basotho.<ref>https://www.wantedonline.co.za/art-design/2017-02-01-how-the-basotho-blanket-became-the-brand-identity-of-a-nation/</ref> ==== Bokao Jwa Kobo ==== Dikobo tsa Basotho di tshwantshetsa go nna botsalano, go sirelediwa, go nna le seriti le go nna le setso se se rileng. Gape e ka emela go nna wa morafe wa Basotho. Mo bathong ba le bantsi, go apara kobo ke tsela ya go bontsha go tlotla boswa jwa bone le go boloka dingwao tsa bone. Dikobo di ka nna tsa newa gape e le dimpho tse di nang le bokao ka dinako tsa botlhokwa.<ref name=":0" /> ==== Botlhokwa Jwa Gone Jaanong ==== Le fa gone kobo ya Basotho e simologile mo dingwaong, e sa ntse e le botlhokwa mo setšhabeng sa segompieno. Batho ba santse ba tswelela go apara dikobo mo botshelong jwa letsatsi le letsatsi mmogo le ka nako ya ditiragalo tsa setso. Dikobo tsa Basotho gape di tumile kwa ntle ga Lesotho mme di tsewa e le sekao se se botlhokwa sa popego ya setso sa borwa jwa Aforika. Di bontsha kafa diaparo tsa setso di ka nnang di ntse di na le bokao ka teng fa di ntse di fetofetoga le botshelo jwa segompieno. Go dirwa le go rekisiwa ga dikobo tsa Basotho go thusa ikonomi ya selegae. Dikobo tseno di rekisiwa kwa Lesotho le kwa baeng ba ba tswang kwa dinageng tse dingwe, e leng se se dirang gore e nne selo sa botlhokwa sa setso. Go tuma ga tsone gape go thusa dikgwebo tse di dirang dilo tse di farologaneng, tse di rekisang, tsa bojanala le tsa setso.<ref name=":1" /> [[Category: Seanamarena]] [[Category: Kobo ya Basotho]] lyqebza6p3d84vnu2l08b4y6ktxohwy Metlamo ya go taboga 0 14960 54626 54516 2026-09-08T13:12:15Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 54626 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Johannes_Maros_Mosehla.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Johannes_Maros_Mosehla.jpg|thumb|Comrades Marathon]] == Metlamo ya go Taboga == Go taboga ke karalo e e ratiwang thata ya metshameko le botshelo jwa loago jwa Aforika Borwa.Go ralala naga,batho ba tsaya karalo mo mabelong a tsela, go taboga go go monate, dimarathone le ditiragalo tsa go taboga ga baagi. Go taboga ga se fela go gaisana ,gape e kopanya batho , e rotloetsa mekgwa ya matshelo a a itekanetseng le go dira gore batho ba ikutlwe ba le seoposengwe. Aforika Borwa e na le ditlelapa/metlamo e mentsi ya go taboga,go akaretsa Soweto Cabal Athletics Club,Nedbank Running Club,Tuks Athlethics Club, Sosha Breakfast Run,Thesis Run Crew. Sekao, Marathone wa Comrades o na le batsayakarolo go tswa ditlelapong tse dintsi tsa go taboga go ralala nagana<ref>{{Cite web |last=Unwin |first=Antony |date=2024-08-23 |title=ComradesM: The Comrades Marathon 1921 to 2019 |url=https://doi.org/10.32614/cran.package.comradesm |access-date=2026-09-04 |website=CRAN: Contributed Packages}}</ref> Setlhopha sengwe se se tlhomileng ke Soweto Cabal Athletics Club, e e neng ya tlhongwa ka 1999. Setlhopha seno se ne sa tlhamelwa go rotloetsa go taboga, o tshela botshelo jo bo itekanetseng le botsalano mogare ga maloko a sone. Batabogi ba yone ba tsaya karalo mo mabelong a magalo a a jaaka Marathone wa Comrades wa Two Oceans (Cabal ya Soweto) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Soweto Cabal Athletics Club {{!}} ...we are on the MOVE |url=https://www.sowetocabal.co.za/cabal/ |access-date=2026-09-04 |language=en-US}}</ref> Thesis Run Cru ke sekao se sengwe sa setso se se golang sa go toboga sa Aforika Borwa. E theilwe kwa Soweto, e tlhomilwe ka 2014 go rotloetsa baswa le maloko a baagi go nna matlhagatlhaga ka go taboga . Setlhopha seno se tshwara ditabogo tsa ka metlha le ditiragalo tsa baagi , go bontsha gore go taboga e ka nna motshameko le tiro ya loago.(Badiri ba ba Tabogang)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Home {{!}} Running Clubs |url=https://runningclubs.co.za/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250912033325/https://runningclubs.co.za/ |archive-date=2025-09-12 |access-date=2026-09-04 |website=runningclubs.co.za |language=en |url-status=live }}</ref> == References == <references /> fsv1rgut1th9rgoeqmqvngqdpzlbz7c Robert C. Titus 0 14973 54629 54557 2026-09-08T13:58:39Z Chandapiwa Malema 9413 ke tsentse metswedi 54629 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:RobertCTitus.jpg|thumb|Robert Titus]] '''Robert Cyrus Titus''' (Phalane 24, 1839 - Moranong 27, 1918) e ne e le mmueledi wa Mo Amerika le mopolotiki go tswa kwa [[New York]]. == Botshelo == O tshotswe ka Phalane 24, 1839, kwa [[Eden]], [[Erie County]], [[New York]]. O ne a tsena dikolo tsa selegae mme morago a tsena kwa [[Oberlin College]] ka 1859 le 1860. Morago ga moo, o ne a ithuta molao le [[Horace Boies]], a amogelwa mo bareng ya molao ka 1865, mme a simolola go dira kwa [[Hamburg]]. Ka 1867 o ne a nyala mme Arvilla Clark, mme ba nna le bana ba le babedi. O ne a dira jaaka mookamedi wa toropo ya Hamburg go tloga ka 1868 go fitlha ka 1871. Ka 1873 o ne a fudugela kwa Buffalo. O ne a dira jaaka Mmueledi wa Kgaolo ya Erie County go tloga ka 1878 go ya go 1880 mme e ne e le leloko la [[New York State Senate]] (31st District) go tloga ka 1882 go ya go 1885, a tsaya karolo mo Kgotlapeomolao ya Naga ya 105 go ya go 108 ya New York.O ne a dira jaaka moatlhodi kwa Kgotlatshekelong ya Makgaolakgang ya Buffalo go tloga ka 1886 go fitlha ka 1895. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fedisiwa ka fa tlase ga Molaotheo wa 1894, mme baatlhodi ba ne ba fudusediwa, ka ditiro tse di lekanyeditsweng, kwa Kgotlatshekelong ya Makgaolakgang ya New York (8th District) ka Ferikgong 1896, kwa ba neng ba direla teng go fitlha paka ya bona ya ntlha e fela. Ka ditlhopho tsa 1896 tsa New York, o ne a tsenela Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo ya New York mme a latlhegelwa ke Irving G. Vann wa Rephaboliki. Ka 1901, Titus, mmogo le Loran L. Lewis, ba ne ba tlhomiwa ke kgotlatshekelo go sireletsa Leon Czolgosz mo tshekong ya gagwe ya go bolaya Tautona McKinley. O tlhokafetse ka di 27 Moranang 1918 kwa Buffalo, New York. == Metswedi == * ''[https://archive.org/stream/newyorkredbook00unkngoog#page/n469/mode/1up The New York Red Book]'' compiled by Edgar L. Murlin (published by James B. Lyon, Albany NY, 1897; pg. 403) * [http://www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/indiana-university-of-pennsylvania/the-evening-journal--almanac-volume-1885-nsl/page-33-the-evening-journal--almanac-volume-1885-nsl.shtml Biographical sketches of the Members of the Legislature] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150929191221/http://www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/indiana-university-of-pennsylvania/the-evening-journal--almanac-volume-1885-nsl/page-33-the-evening-journal--almanac-volume-1885-nsl.shtml|date=2015-09-29}} in ''The Evening Journal Almanac'' (1885) * ''[https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1895/12/13/103377330.pdf THE NEW SUPREME COURT]'' in NYT on December 13, 1895 * Bio transcribed from ''Our County and Its People: A Descriptive Work on Erie County, New York'' by Truman C. White (1898) * [http://genforum.genealogy.com/titus/messages/1433.html Titus genealogy] at Gen Forum * Obituary transcribed from the ''Buffalo Morning Express'' on April 28, 1918 9xs0v5jhqrrm3slh3jmoo7y29u8ahu5 54657 54629 2026-09-08T17:54:53Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 54657 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:RobertCTitus.jpg|thumb|Robert Titus]] '''Robert Cyrus Titus''' (Phalane 24, 1839 - Moranong 27, 1918) e ne e le mmueledi wa Mo Amerika le mopolotiki go tswa kwa [[New York]]. == Botshelo == O tshotswe ka Phalane 24, 1839, kwa [[Eden]], [[Erie County]], [[New York]]. O ne a tsena dikolo tsa selegae mme morago a tsena kwa [[Oberlin College]] ka 1859 le 1860. Morago ga moo, o ne a ithuta molao le [[Horace Boies]], a amogelwa mo bareng ya molao ka 1865, mme a simolola go dira kwa [[Hamburg]]. Ka 1867 o ne a nyala mme Arvilla Clark, mme ba nna le bana ba le babedi. O ne a dira jaaka mookamedi wa toropo ya Hamburg go tloga ka 1868 go fitlha ka 1871. Ka 1873 o ne a fudugela kwa Buffalo. O ne a dira jaaka Mmueledi wa Kgaolo ya Erie County go tloga ka 1878 go ya go 1880 mme e ne e le leloko la [[New York State Senate]] (31st District) go tloga ka 1882 go ya go 1885, a tsaya karolo mo Kgotlapeomolao ya Naga ya 105 go ya go 108 ya New York.O ne a dira jaaka moatlhodi kwa Kgotlatshekelong ya Makgaolakgang ya Buffalo go tloga ka 1886 go fitlha ka 1895. Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya fedisiwa ka fa tlase ga Molaotheo wa 1894, mme baatlhodi ba ne ba fudusediwa, ka ditiro tse di lekanyeditsweng, kwa Kgotlatshekelong ya Makgaolakgang ya New York (8th District) ka Ferikgong 1896, kwa ba neng ba direla teng go fitlha paka ya bona ya ntlha e fela. Ka ditlhopho tsa 1896 tsa New York, o ne a tsenela Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo ya New York mme a latlhegelwa ke Irving G. Vann wa Rephaboliki. Ka 1901, Titus, mmogo le Loran L. Lewis, ba ne ba tlhomiwa ke kgotlatshekelo go sireletsa Leon Czolgosz mo tshekong ya gagwe ya go bolaya Tautona McKinley. O tlhokafetse ka di 27 Moranang 1918 kwa Buffalo, New York. == Metswedi == * ''[https://archive.org/stream/newyorkredbook00unkngoog#page/n469/mode/1up The New York Red Book]'' compiled by Edgar L. Murlin (published by James B. Lyon, Albany NY, 1897; pg. 403) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20150929191221/http://www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/indiana-university-of-pennsylvania/the-evening-journal--almanac-volume-1885-nsl/page-33-the-evening-journal--almanac-volume-1885-nsl.shtml Biographical sketches of the Members of the Legislature] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150929191221/http://www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/indiana-university-of-pennsylvania/the-evening-journal--almanac-volume-1885-nsl/page-33-the-evening-journal--almanac-volume-1885-nsl.shtml|date=2015-09-29}} in ''The Evening Journal Almanac'' (1885) * ''[https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1895/12/13/103377330.pdf THE NEW SUPREME COURT]'' in NYT on December 13, 1895 * Bio transcribed from ''Our County and Its People: A Descriptive Work on Erie County, New York'' by Truman C. White (1898) * [http://genforum.genealogy.com/titus/messages/1433.html Titus genealogy] at Gen Forum * Obituary transcribed from the ''Buffalo Morning Express'' on April 28, 1918 oqcvqh6wd5auy85r43cmggzqxjrbwj7 Mefuta ya dintsa tsa Afrika Borwa 0 14978 54620 54615 2026-09-08T12:04:22Z Nikimedia02 13148 54620 wikitext text/x-wiki Mofuta wa dintša tsa Africanis ke mofuta wa dintša tse di ratiwang thata mo aforikaborwa. Ke nša ya bogolo jo bo magareng, e e nang le letlalo le lekhutshwane, e e nang le lebala le lentsho le le tlhaolang go dikologa karolo e e kwa pele ya molomo. <ref>https://doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004154193.i-300.57</ref> == Tlhaloso == Ntša eno gantsi e tsewa e le ntša e e se nang mong, e e tsamayang ka kgololesego, leha ho le jwalo, e bile le beng ba aforika borwa le ho hlokomelwa. Gantsi Africanis e eme magareng ga disentimetara di le 50 le 62. Ka e le 'landrace', dipharologano tse dinnye tsa tebego di ka nna tsa tlwaelega. Le fa go ntse jalo, Africanis e itsege ka go tsala ka boammaaruri ka sebopego se se lemotshegang. == Kamano ya Africanis le batho == Ba-Afrika ga ba golo go golagana le mafelo a bonno a batho mo Afrika Borwa. Dintša di ntse di dirisiwa go thusa go disa dinku, dipudi le dikgomo, le go thusa ditsala tsa tsone tsa batho go tsoma. Afrikanis e itsege ka maine a le mmalwa. Tseno di akaretsa ntša ya Kasi, ntša ya Khoikhoi, le ntsa ya Setswana. Le fa ka kakaretso ba ne ba tseelwa kwa tlase ke baagi ba Yuropa ba ba neng ba rata mefuta ya bona ya dintša tse di tswang kwa ntle, Africanis e ne e tlotliwa thata ke maAforika. Go dirilwe maiteko a go sireletsa, go somarela le go rotloetsa dintša tseno. Mo Afrika BOrwa, go ne ga tlhongwa mokgatlho ka 1998 go somarela diAfricanis, Mokgatlho wa Africanis wa Afrika Borwa. Leina la Africanis ke kopanyo ya mafoko "Afrika" le "Canis". == Mekgwa a Africanis == Ntša ya Africanis e tsewa ke botlhe e le e e nang le lerato, e e botlhale, e bile e le bonolo. DiNtša tse di na le keletso ya tlholego ya go itumedisa beng ba tsone, mme seno se dira gore go nne motlhofo go di thapisa.<ref>https://doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004154193.i-300.57</ref> == Dipadi tse dingwe == n21vkhqri1w2y77c59j7m493i65hfrg 54621 54620 2026-09-08T12:05:23Z Nikimedia02 13148 54621 wikitext text/x-wiki Mofuta wa dintša tsa Africanis ke mofuta wa dintša tse di ratiwang thata mo [[Aforika Borwa|aforikaborwa]]. Ke nša ya bogolo jo bo magareng, e e nang le letlalo le lekhutshwane, e e nang le lebala le lentsho le le tlhaolang go dikologa karolo e e kwa pele ya molomo.<ref>Swart, S. (2007) Dogs and dogma: A discussion of the socio-political construction of southern african dog ‘breeds’ as a window onto social history. In: Canis Africanis. https://doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004154193.i-300.57 </ref> == Tlhaloso == Ntša eno gantsi e tsewa e le ntša e e se nang mong, e e tsamayang ka kgololesego, leha ho le jwalo, e bile le beng ba aforika borwa le ho hlokomelwa.<ref>Moggs, Tim; Sealy, Judith (2008). "Africanis: the pre-colonial dog of Africa". In van Sittert, Lance; Swart, Sandra. Canis Africanis: a dog history Southern Africa. Leiden: Brill. pp. 35-52. ISBN 978-90-04-15419-3</ref> Gantsi Africanis e eme magareng ga disentimetara di le 50 le 62. Ka e le 'landrace', dipharologano tse dinnye tsa tebego di ka nna tsa tlwaelega. Le fa go ntse jalo, Africanis e itsege ka go tsala ka boammaaruri ka sebopego se se lemotshegang. == Kamano ya Africanis le batho == [[Setshwantsho:Africanis featured.jpg|thumb|499x499px]] Ba-Afrika ga ba golo go golagana le mafelo a bonno a batho mo Afrika Borwa. Dintša di ntse di dirisiwa go thusa go disa dinku, dipudi le dikgomo, le go thusa ditsala tsa tsone tsa batho go tsoma. Afrikanis e itsege ka maine a le mmalwa. Tseno di akaretsa ntša ya Kasi, ntša ya Khoikhoi, le ntsa ya Setswana. Le fa ka kakaretso ba ne ba tseelwa kwa tlase ke baagi ba Yuropa ba ba neng ba rata mefuta ya bona ya dintša tse di tswang kwa ntle, Africanis e ne e tlotliwa thata ke maAforika. Go dirilwe maiteko a go sireletsa, go somarela le go rotloetsa dintša tseno. Mo Afrika BOrwa, go ne ga tlhongwa mokgatlho ka 1998 go somarela diAfricanis, Mokgatlho wa Africanis wa Afrika Borwa. Leina la Africanis ke kopanyo ya mafoko "Afrika" le "Canis". == Mekgwa a Africanis == Ntša ya Africanis e tsewa ke botlhe e le e e nang le lerato, e e botlhale, e bile e le bonolo.<ref>Pets24 (2025-03-05). "What makes Africanis Good Pets: A Guide - Pets24". [https://pets24.co.za]</ref> DiNtša tse di na le keletso ya tlholego ya go itumedisa beng ba tsone, mme seno se dira gore go nne motlhofo go di thapisa.<ref>Clutton, Juliet; Driscoll, Carlos A. (2016). "1-Origins of the dog:The archeological evidence". In James Serpell. The Domestig Dog: Its Evolution, Behavior and Interactions with People. Cambridge University Press. p. 17. ISBN 978-1-107-02414-4</ref> Ba tsibogela sentle thata fa ba newa katiso e e siameng ya go nonotsha. Gape di itsege ka go nna molmo le bana le go dira diruiwa tse di siameng tsa lelapa. Le fa go ntse jalo, di bontsha boitshwaro jwa go nna kelotlhoko, jwa kgaolo. == Dipadi tse dingwe == <references />{{DEFAULTSORT:Ntja ya Africanis}} ssmjymh2twuyupuj0nx4ejbfpxtnd2o Lefelo la masalela la Malapa 0 14982 54622 2026-09-08T12:42:20Z KatieKea 10150 Ke simolotse go ranola tsebe e 54622 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Malapa''' ke logaga lo lo nang le masalela a dilo tse di epolotsweng lo lo leng dikilometara di ka nna lesome le botlhano kwa bokonebotlhaba jwa mafelo a a itsegeng thata a Aforika Borwa a a nang le di-hominid tsa [[Sterkfontein]] le [[Swartkrans]] le dikilometara di ka nna masome a mane le botlhano kwa bokone-bokonebophirima jwa [[Johannesburg]], Aforika Borwa. E mo teng ga [[Lefelo la Boswa jwa Lefatshe]] la [[Mogope wa tlholego ya motho (Cradle of Humankind)|Cradle of Humankind]]. == Ditso tsa dipatlisiso == [[Setshwantsho:Malapa fossil site, August 2011 site of discovery of Australopithecus sediba - view North.jpg|thumb|Lefelo la masalela la Malapa, le le lebilwe go tswa kwa Borwa, Phatwe 2011, Lefelo la Tlhago la Malapa, Aforika Borwa]] Ka Mopitlo 2008, [[Lee Berger]] wa [[Yunibesithi ya Witwatersrand]], Aforika Borwa, o ne a dira porojeke ya go batlisisa mo lefelong la Boswa jwa Lefatshe la Cradle of Humankind kwa ntle ga Johannesburg, gore a kgone go dira mmepe wa magaga a a itsiweng a a supilweng ke ene le badirammogo ba gagwe mo dingwageng di le lesome tse di fetileng, le go baya mafelo a a itsegeng a masalela a bogologolo mo [[Google Earth]] gore kitso e e kgone go aroganwa le badirimmogo.<ref name=":0">Patel (8 April 2010). [http://kim.wits.ac.za/index.php?module=news&action=viewstory&id=gen11Srv0Nme53_81569_1270732348 "Wits scientists reveal new species of hominid"]. University of the Witwatersrand.[permanent dead link]</ref> Lefelo le le botlhokwa ka gonne mo e ka nnang bongwe mo borarong jwa bosupi jotlhe jwa tshimologo ya batho mo Aforika bo tswa kwa mafelong a le mmalwa fela mo kgaolong eno, mme go ka ngangisanwa ka gore kgaolo eno ke nngwe ya mafelo a a batlisisiwang thata mo Aforika go bona bosupi jwa tshimologo ya batho, ka gonne e ntse e batlisisiwa ka metlha fa e sa le diphitlhelelo tsa ntlha di dirwa koo ka 1935.<ref>Dirks; et&#x20;al. (2010). [http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/328/5975/205 "Geological Setting and Age of Australopithecus sediba from Southern Africa"]. ''Science''. '''328''' (5975): 205–208. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010Sci...328..205D 2010Sci...328..205D]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1126/science.1184950|10.1126/science.1184950]]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20378812 20378812]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:206524717 206524717].</ref> Kwa tshimologong ya porojeke e, go ne go na le mafelo a a ka nnang lekgolo le masome a mararo a a itsiweng a magaga mo kgaolong le dipeeletso tsa masalela a a ka nnang masome a mabedi.<ref name=":0" /> Ka Phukwi 2008, mokgwa wa go anama ga magaga o o bonweng mo Google Earth ke Berger mmogo le go lemoga gore dipeeletso tseno di ne di lebega jang go tswa mo disatelaeteng le go batlisisa mo gontsi mo mmung go ne go dirile gore Berger a ribolole magaga a ka nna makgolo a matlhano a bamaranyane ba neng ba sa a rulaganya kgotsa go a supa mo nakong e e fetileng<ref name=":0" />. Go ne go akarediwa mo go seno go ne go na le mafelo a a fetang masome a mabedi le botlhano a masalela a dilo tse di epolotsweng a maranyane e neng e sa a itse, otlhe mo kgaolong e gongwe e neng e batlisisiwa thata mo Aforika. Berger o ne a tlisa moithuta-lefatshe Paul Dirks, yo ka nako eo e neng e le Tlhogo ya Sekolo sa Maranyane a Lefatshe kwa Yunibesithing ya Witwatersrand, go etelela pele dikarolo tsa thutafatshe tsa porojeke eno ya go batlisisa.<ref name=":0" /> Mo bokhutlong jwa Phukwi 2008, Berger o ne a lemoga mo Google Earth motseletsele wa magaga a a tsamayang mo phosong e e neng e supa lefelo le le senang sepe mo kgaolong, lefelo le le neng le lebega le na le ditlhopha tsa ditlhare tse ka tlwaelo di neng di tshwaya dipeeletso tsa magaga.<ref name=":0" /> Ka Phatwe a rogwa o ne a folosa Dirks go dira mmepe wa thulaganyo ya logaga e e amogelwang mme a tswelela kwa lefelong le le sa batlisisiwang le ntsa ya gagwe Tau, [[Rhodesian Ridgeback]] e e neng e tsamaya le ene mo e ka nnang mo dipatlisisong tsotlhe tsa gagwe.<ref name=":0" /> Mo e ka nnang ka yone nako eo o ne a bona lefelo le le humileng la masalela a dilo tse di epolotsweng le le neng le sa itsiwe ke maranyane, mo tikologong ya magaga a a fetang masome a mararo a go neng go lebega a ne a sa lemogiwe ke babatlisisi ba pele.<ref name=":0" /> == Metswedi == 9f6h5ydzbegrjwb20rkzf2ycl43g3r2 54623 54622 2026-09-08T13:01:10Z KatieKea 10150 /* Ditso tsa dipatlisiso */ Ke okeditse tlhanolo le metswedi. 54623 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Malapa''' ke logaga lo lo nang le masalela a dilo tse di epolotsweng lo lo leng dikilometara di ka nna lesome le botlhano kwa bokonebotlhaba jwa mafelo a a itsegeng thata a Aforika Borwa a a nang le di-hominid tsa [[Sterkfontein]] le [[Swartkrans]] le dikilometara di ka nna masome a mane le botlhano kwa bokone-bokonebophirima jwa [[Johannesburg]], Aforika Borwa. E mo teng ga [[Lefelo la Boswa jwa Lefatshe]] la [[Mogope wa tlholego ya motho (Cradle of Humankind)|Cradle of Humankind]]. == Ditso tsa dipatlisiso == [[Setshwantsho:Malapa fossil site, August 2011 site of discovery of Australopithecus sediba - view North.jpg|thumb|Lefelo la masalela la Malapa, le le lebilwe go tswa kwa Borwa, Phatwe 2011, Lefelo la Tlhago la Malapa, Aforika Borwa]] Ka Mopitlo 2008, [[Lee Berger]] wa [[Yunibesithi ya Witwatersrand]], Aforika Borwa, o ne a dira porojeke ya go batlisisa mo lefelong la Boswa jwa Lefatshe la Cradle of Humankind kwa ntle ga Johannesburg, gore a kgone go dira mmepe wa magaga a a itsiweng a a supilweng ke ene le badirammogo ba gagwe mo dingwageng di le lesome tse di fetileng, le go baya mafelo a a itsegeng a masalela a bogologolo mo [[Google Earth]] gore kitso e e kgone go aroganwa le badirimmogo.<ref name=":0">Patel (8 April 2010). [http://kim.wits.ac.za/index.php?module=news&action=viewstory&id=gen11Srv0Nme53_81569_1270732348 "Wits scientists reveal new species of hominid"]. University of the Witwatersrand.[permanent dead link]</ref> Lefelo le le botlhokwa ka gonne mo e ka nnang bongwe mo borarong jwa bosupi jotlhe jwa tshimologo ya batho mo Aforika bo tswa kwa mafelong a le mmalwa fela mo kgaolong eno, mme go ka ngangisanwa ka gore kgaolo eno ke nngwe ya mafelo a a batlisisiwang thata mo Aforika go bona bosupi jwa tshimologo ya batho, ka gonne e ntse e batlisisiwa ka metlha fa e sa le diphitlhelelo tsa ntlha di dirwa koo ka 1935.<ref name=":1">Dirks; et&#x20;al. (2010). [http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/328/5975/205 "Geological Setting and Age of Australopithecus sediba from Southern Africa"]. ''Science''. '''328''' (5975): 205–208. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010Sci...328..205D 2010Sci...328..205D]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1126/science.1184950|10.1126/science.1184950]]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20378812 20378812]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:206524717 206524717].</ref> Kwa tshimologong ya porojeke e, go ne go na le mafelo a a ka nnang lekgolo le masome a mararo a a itsiweng a magaga mo kgaolong le dipeeletso tsa masalela a a ka nnang masome a mabedi.<ref name=":0" /> Ka Phukwi 2008, mokgwa wa go anama ga magaga o o bonweng mo Google Earth ke Berger mmogo le go lemoga gore dipeeletso tseno di ne di lebega jang go tswa mo disatelaeteng le go batlisisa mo gontsi mo mmung go ne go dirile gore Berger a ribolole magaga a ka nna makgolo a matlhano a bamaranyane ba neng ba sa a rulaganya kgotsa go a supa mo nakong e e fetileng<ref name=":0" />. Go ne go akarediwa mo go seno go ne go na le mafelo a a fetang masome a mabedi le botlhano a masalela a dilo tse di epolotsweng a maranyane e neng e sa a itse, otlhe mo kgaolong e gongwe e neng e batlisisiwa thata mo Aforika. Berger o ne a tlisa moithuta-lefatshe Paul Dirks, yo ka nako eo e neng e le Tlhogo ya Sekolo sa Maranyane a Lefatshe kwa Yunibesithing ya Witwatersrand, go etelela pele dikarolo tsa thutafatshe tsa porojeke eno ya go batlisisa.<ref name=":0" /> Mo bokhutlong jwa Phukwi 2008, Berger o ne a lemoga mo Google Earth motseletsele wa magaga a a tsamayang mo phosong e e neng e supa lefelo le le senang sepe mo kgaolong, lefelo le le neng le lebega le na le ditlhopha tsa ditlhare tse ka tlwaelo di neng di tshwaya dipeeletso tsa magaga.<ref name=":0" /> Ka Phatwe a rogwa o ne a folosa Dirks go dira mmepe wa thulaganyo ya logaga e e amogelwang mme a tswelela kwa lefelong le le sa batlisisiwang le ntsa ya gagwe Tau, [[Rhodesian Ridgeback]] e e neng e tsamaya le ene mo e ka nnang mo dipatlisisong tsotlhe tsa gagwe.<ref name=":0" /> Mo e ka nnang ka yone nako eo o ne a bona lefelo le le humileng la masalela a dilo tse di epolotsweng le le neng le sa itsiwe ke maranyane, mo tikologong ya magaga a a fetang masome a mararo a go neng go lebega a ne a sa lemogiwe ke babatlisisi ba pele.<ref name=":0" /> [[Setshwantsho:The Malapa valley.jpg|thumb|Pono ya mokgatšha wa Malapa, Lefelo la Tlhago la Malapa, Aforika Borwa ka 2012. Lefelo la Malapa le mo mokgatšheng o o kwa tlase ga thaba.]] Ka Phatwe a le lesome le botlhano, Berger o ne a boela kwa lefelong leo le moithuti wa gagwe wa morago ga bongaka, Dr. Job Kibii, le morwa wa ga Berger wa dingwaga di ferabongwe e bong [[Matthew]]. Mo metsotsong e se kae fela, [[Matthew Berger]] o ne a ribolotse masalela a ntlha a bagologolwane ba batho ba ntlha - [[kgetlana]], kgotsa lerapo la molala. Mo letlhakoreng le lengwe la lefelo, Berger o ne a bona ka bonako lerapo la motlhagare le le nang le leino la ntša(canine) la [[hominid]]. Phitlhelelo moragonyana e ne ya supiwa jaaka karolo ya lerapo la karolo ya hominid e nnye, e e ka nnang dingwaga di le boferabongwe go ya go lesome le boraro.<ref name=":2">Berger; et&#x20;al. (2010). [http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/328/5975/195 "Australopithecus sediba: A New Species of Homo-Like Australopith from South Africa"]. ''Science''. '''328''' (5975): 195–204. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010Sci...328..195B 2010Sci...328..195B]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1126/science.1184944|10.1126/science.1184944]]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20378811 20378811]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:14209370 14209370].</ref> Ka Lwetse a le malatsi a mane ka 2008, Berger o ne a boela kwa lefelong leo le badirikaene ba ba fetang lesome le bobedi, kwa Berger a neng a bona lerapo la bobedi la karolo ya mosadi yo o godileng.<ref name=":2" /> == Masalela a a bonweng == Lefelo leno le tlhagisitse nngwe ya dikokoano tse di feletseng thata tsa bagologolwane ba batho ba ntlha tse di kileng tsa bonwa, go akaretsa le marapo a a feletseng thata a di-hominid tsa ntlha tse di iseng di ribololwe, le masalela a a feletseng thata a di-hominid dipe tse di ka nnang dingwaga di le dimilione di le 2 tse di fetileng.<ref name=":2" /> Go setse go bonwe dielemente di feta 200 go fitlha ga jaana.<ref name=":2" /> Marapo a a sa felelang a tlhalosiwa kwa tshimologong mo dipampiring tse pedi mo lekwalodikgannyeng la Science ke Berger le badirammogo jaaka mofuta o mošwa wa mogologolwane wa batho ba ntlha o o bidiwang Australopithecus sediba (sediba e e kayang motswedi wa tlholego kgotsa sediba ka Sesotho).<ref name=":2" /> Mo godimo ga masaledi a a senotsweng kwa tshimologong, matlapa a a kokoantsweng mo lefelong leno a tlhatlhobilwe ka di-CT scans mme a na le marapo a mantsi le go feta, se se akantshang gore sekai sa mofuta, Karabo, se tla nna se se feletseng le go feta.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120715040929/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/07/120712-human-ancestor-fossils-sediba-science-berger-live/ "Surprise Human-Ancestor Find—Key Fossils Hidden in Lab Rock"]. ''National Geographic''. 12 July 2012. Archived from [http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/07/120712-human-ancestor-fossils-sediba-science-berger-live/ the original] on 15 July 2012.</ref> Mofuta o o tshitshinngwa ke bakwadi go nna ntlhopheng yo o siameng wa go nna mofuta wa phetogo magareng ga monna-tshwene wa borwa jwa Aforika Australopithecus africanus (Ngwana wa Taung, Mme Ples) le e ka nna Homo habilis kgotsa le eleng mogologolwane yo o tlhamaletseng wa Homo erectus (Mosimane wa Turkana, Monna wa Java[ Peking).<ref>[https://www.nsf.gov/news/news_summ.jsp?cntn_id=116690&org=NSF&from=news "Geologists Uncover Major Ancient Human Ancestor in South Africa"]. National Science Foundation. 8 April 2008.</ref> Mofuta ono o na le matsogo a maleele, jaaka tshwene, diatla tse dikhutshwane tse di maatla, letheka le le gatetseng pele thata, le maoto a maleele a a kgonang go tsamaya mme gongwe le go taboga jaaka motho. Marapo a ne a fitlhelwa mo gare ga marapo a a tlhamaletseng a katse e e nang le meno a sabre, di-antelope le e leng dipeba le mebutla<ref name=":1" /> === Thuto ya matlapa === == Metswedi == 9jthzz1s6etixhd6vyhl57755xg37gw 54624 54623 2026-09-08T13:06:22Z KatieKea 10150 /* Masalela a a bonweng */ Ke baakantse tlhanolo. 54624 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Malapa''' ke logaga lo lo nang le masalela a dilo tse di epolotsweng lo lo leng dikilometara di ka nna lesome le botlhano kwa bokonebotlhaba jwa mafelo a a itsegeng thata a Aforika Borwa a a nang le di-hominid tsa [[Sterkfontein]] le [[Swartkrans]] le dikilometara di ka nna masome a mane le botlhano kwa bokone-bokonebophirima jwa [[Johannesburg]], Aforika Borwa. E mo teng ga [[Lefelo la Boswa jwa Lefatshe]] la [[Mogope wa tlholego ya motho (Cradle of Humankind)|Cradle of Humankind]]. == Ditso tsa dipatlisiso == [[Setshwantsho:Malapa fossil site, August 2011 site of discovery of Australopithecus sediba - view North.jpg|thumb|Lefelo la masalela la Malapa, le le lebilwe go tswa kwa Borwa, Phatwe 2011, Lefelo la Tlhago la Malapa, Aforika Borwa]] Ka Mopitlo 2008, [[Lee Berger]] wa [[Yunibesithi ya Witwatersrand]], Aforika Borwa, o ne a dira porojeke ya go batlisisa mo lefelong la Boswa jwa Lefatshe la Cradle of Humankind kwa ntle ga Johannesburg, gore a kgone go dira mmepe wa magaga a a itsiweng a a supilweng ke ene le badirammogo ba gagwe mo dingwageng di le lesome tse di fetileng, le go baya mafelo a a itsegeng a masalela a bogologolo mo [[Google Earth]] gore kitso e e kgone go aroganwa le badirimmogo.<ref name=":0">Patel (8 April 2010). [http://kim.wits.ac.za/index.php?module=news&action=viewstory&id=gen11Srv0Nme53_81569_1270732348 "Wits scientists reveal new species of hominid"]. University of the Witwatersrand.[permanent dead link]</ref> Lefelo le le botlhokwa ka gonne mo e ka nnang bongwe mo borarong jwa bosupi jotlhe jwa tshimologo ya batho mo Aforika bo tswa kwa mafelong a le mmalwa fela mo kgaolong eno, mme go ka ngangisanwa ka gore kgaolo eno ke nngwe ya mafelo a a batlisisiwang thata mo Aforika go bona bosupi jwa tshimologo ya batho, ka gonne e ntse e batlisisiwa ka metlha fa e sa le diphitlhelelo tsa ntlha di dirwa koo ka 1935.<ref name=":1">Dirks; et&#x20;al. (2010). [http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/328/5975/205 "Geological Setting and Age of Australopithecus sediba from Southern Africa"]. ''Science''. '''328''' (5975): 205–208. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010Sci...328..205D 2010Sci...328..205D]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1126/science.1184950|10.1126/science.1184950]]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20378812 20378812]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:206524717 206524717].</ref> Kwa tshimologong ya porojeke e, go ne go na le mafelo a a ka nnang lekgolo le masome a mararo a a itsiweng a magaga mo kgaolong le dipeeletso tsa masalela a a ka nnang masome a mabedi.<ref name=":0" /> Ka Phukwi 2008, mokgwa wa go anama ga magaga o o bonweng mo Google Earth ke Berger mmogo le go lemoga gore dipeeletso tseno di ne di lebega jang go tswa mo disatelaeteng le go batlisisa mo gontsi mo mmung go ne go dirile gore Berger a ribolole magaga a ka nna makgolo a matlhano a bamaranyane ba neng ba sa a rulaganya kgotsa go a supa mo nakong e e fetileng<ref name=":0" />. Go ne go akarediwa mo go seno go ne go na le mafelo a a fetang masome a mabedi le botlhano a masalela a dilo tse di epolotsweng a maranyane e neng e sa a itse, otlhe mo kgaolong e gongwe e neng e batlisisiwa thata mo Aforika. Berger o ne a tlisa moithuta-lefatshe Paul Dirks, yo ka nako eo e neng e le Tlhogo ya Sekolo sa Maranyane a Lefatshe kwa Yunibesithing ya Witwatersrand, go etelela pele dikarolo tsa thutafatshe tsa porojeke eno ya go batlisisa.<ref name=":0" /> Mo bokhutlong jwa Phukwi 2008, Berger o ne a lemoga mo Google Earth motseletsele wa magaga a a tsamayang mo phosong e e neng e supa lefelo le le senang sepe mo kgaolong, lefelo le le neng le lebega le na le ditlhopha tsa ditlhare tse ka tlwaelo di neng di tshwaya dipeeletso tsa magaga.<ref name=":0" /> Ka Phatwe a rogwa o ne a folosa Dirks go dira mmepe wa thulaganyo ya logaga e e amogelwang mme a tswelela kwa lefelong le le sa batlisisiwang le ntsa ya gagwe Tau, [[Rhodesian Ridgeback]] e e neng e tsamaya le ene mo e ka nnang mo dipatlisisong tsotlhe tsa gagwe.<ref name=":0" /> Mo e ka nnang ka yone nako eo o ne a bona lefelo le le humileng la masalela a dilo tse di epolotsweng le le neng le sa itsiwe ke maranyane, mo tikologong ya magaga a a fetang masome a mararo a go neng go lebega a ne a sa lemogiwe ke babatlisisi ba pele.<ref name=":0" /> [[Setshwantsho:The Malapa valley.jpg|thumb|Pono ya mokgatšha wa Malapa, Lefelo la Tlhago la Malapa, Aforika Borwa ka 2012. Lefelo la Malapa le mo mokgatšheng o o kwa tlase ga thaba.]] Ka Phatwe a le lesome le botlhano, Berger o ne a boela kwa lefelong leo le moithuti wa gagwe wa morago ga bongaka, Dr. Job Kibii, le morwa wa ga Berger wa dingwaga di ferabongwe e bong [[Matthew]]. Mo metsotsong e se kae fela, [[Matthew Berger]] o ne a ribolotse masalela a ntlha a bagologolwane ba batho ba ntlha - [[kgetlana]], kgotsa lerapo la molala. Mo letlhakoreng le lengwe la lefelo, Berger o ne a bona ka bonako lerapo la motlhagare le le nang le leino la ntša(canine) la [[hominid]]. Phitlhelelo moragonyana e ne ya supiwa jaaka karolo ya lerapo la karolo ya hominid e nnye, e e ka nnang dingwaga di le boferabongwe go ya go lesome le boraro.<ref name=":2">Berger; et&#x20;al. (2010). [http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/328/5975/195 "Australopithecus sediba: A New Species of Homo-Like Australopith from South Africa"]. ''Science''. '''328''' (5975): 195–204. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010Sci...328..195B 2010Sci...328..195B]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1126/science.1184944|10.1126/science.1184944]]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20378811 20378811]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:14209370 14209370].</ref> Ka Lwetse a le malatsi a mane ka 2008, Berger o ne a boela kwa lefelong leo le badirikaene ba ba fetang lesome le bobedi, kwa Berger a neng a bona lerapo la bobedi la karolo ya mosadi yo o godileng.<ref name=":2" /> == Masalela a a bonweng == Lefelo leno le tlhagisitse nngwe ya dikokoano tse di feletseng thata tsa bagologolwane ba batho ba ntlha tse di kileng tsa bonwa, go akaretsa le marapo a a feletseng thata a di-hominid tsa ntlha tse di iseng di ribololwe, le masalela a a feletseng thata a di-hominid dipe tse di ka nnang dingwaga di le didikadike di le pedi tse di fetileng.<ref name=":2" /> Go setse go bonwe dintlha di feta makgolo a mabedi go fitlha ga jaana.<ref name=":2" /> Marapo a a sa felelang a tlhalosiwa kwa tshimologong mo dipampiring tse pedi mo lekwalodikgannyeng la ''[[Science]]'' ke Berger le badirikaene jaaka mofuta o mosha wa mogologolwane wa batho ba ntlha o o bidiwang ''[[Australopithecus sediba]]'' (sediba e e kayang motswedi wa tlholego kgotsa sediba ka Sesotho).<ref name=":2" /> Mo godimo ga masalela a a senotsweng kwa tshimologong, matlapa a a kokoantsweng mo lefelong leno a tlhatlhobilwe ka di-[[CT scans]] mme a na le marapo a mantsi le go feta, se se akantshang gore sekai sa mofuta, Karabo, se tla nna se se feletseng le go feta.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120715040929/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/07/120712-human-ancestor-fossils-sediba-science-berger-live/ "Surprise Human-Ancestor Find—Key Fossils Hidden in Lab Rock"]. ''National Geographic''. 12 July 2012. Archived from [http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/07/120712-human-ancestor-fossils-sediba-science-berger-live/ the original] on 15 July 2012.</ref> Mofuta o o akanngwang ke bakwadi go nna ntlhopheng yo o siameng wa go nna mofuta wa phetogo magareng ga monna-tshwene wa borwa jwa Aforika ''[[Australopithecus africanus]]'' (Ngwana wa [[Taung]], [[Mrs. Ples]]) le e ka nna ''[[Homo habilis]]'' kgotsa le eleng mogologolwane yo o tlhamaletseng wa ''[[Homo erectus]]'' ([[Mosimane wa Turkana]], [[Monna wa Java]], [[Monna wa Peking]]).<ref>[https://www.nsf.gov/news/news_summ.jsp?cntn_id=116690&org=NSF&from=news "Geologists Uncover Major Ancient Human Ancestor in South Africa"]. National Science Foundation. 8 April 2008.</ref> Mofuta ono o na le matsogo a maleele, jaaka [[tshwene]], diatla tse dikhutshwane tse di maatla, [[letheka]] le le gatetseng pele thata, le maoto a maleele a a kgonang go tsamaya mme gongwe le go taboga jaaka motho. Marapo a ne a fitlhelwa mo gare ga marapo a a tlhamaletseng a katse e e nang le meno a sabre, di-antelope le e leng dipeba le mebutla.<ref name=":1" /> === Thuto ya matlapa === == Metswedi == fn16mg83ou2snxcajvnud2na99tlgjv 54627 54624 2026-09-08T13:18:25Z KatieKea 10150 /* Thuto ya matlapa */ ke okeditse tlhanolo le go tsenya dikarolo 54627 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Malapa''' ke logaga lo lo nang le masalela a dilo tse di epolotsweng lo lo leng dikilometara di ka nna lesome le botlhano kwa bokonebotlhaba jwa mafelo a a itsegeng thata a Aforika Borwa a a nang le di-hominid tsa [[Sterkfontein]] le [[Swartkrans]] le dikilometara di ka nna masome a mane le botlhano kwa bokone-bokonebophirima jwa [[Johannesburg]], Aforika Borwa. E mo teng ga [[Lefelo la Boswa jwa Lefatshe]] la [[Mogope wa tlholego ya motho (Cradle of Humankind)|Cradle of Humankind]]. == Ditso tsa dipatlisiso == [[Setshwantsho:Malapa fossil site, August 2011 site of discovery of Australopithecus sediba - view North.jpg|thumb|Lefelo la masalela la Malapa, le le lebilwe go tswa kwa Borwa, Phatwe 2011, Lefelo la Tlhago la Malapa, Aforika Borwa]] Ka Mopitlo 2008, [[Lee Berger]] wa [[Yunibesithi ya Witwatersrand]], Aforika Borwa, o ne a dira porojeke ya go batlisisa mo lefelong la Boswa jwa Lefatshe la Cradle of Humankind kwa ntle ga Johannesburg, gore a kgone go dira mmepe wa magaga a a itsiweng a a supilweng ke ene le badirammogo ba gagwe mo dingwageng di le lesome tse di fetileng, le go baya mafelo a a itsegeng a masalela a bogologolo mo [[Google Earth]] gore kitso e e kgone go aroganwa le badirimmogo.<ref name=":0">Patel (8 April 2010). [http://kim.wits.ac.za/index.php?module=news&action=viewstory&id=gen11Srv0Nme53_81569_1270732348 "Wits scientists reveal new species of hominid"]. University of the Witwatersrand.[permanent dead link]</ref> Lefelo le le botlhokwa ka gonne mo e ka nnang bongwe mo borarong jwa bosupi jotlhe jwa tshimologo ya batho mo Aforika bo tswa kwa mafelong a le mmalwa fela mo kgaolong eno, mme go ka ngangisanwa ka gore kgaolo eno ke nngwe ya mafelo a a batlisisiwang thata mo Aforika go bona bosupi jwa tshimologo ya batho, ka gonne e ntse e batlisisiwa ka metlha fa e sa le diphitlhelelo tsa ntlha di dirwa koo ka 1935.<ref name=":1">Dirks; et&#x20;al. (2010). [http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/328/5975/205 "Geological Setting and Age of Australopithecus sediba from Southern Africa"]. ''Science''. '''328''' (5975): 205–208. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010Sci...328..205D 2010Sci...328..205D]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1126/science.1184950|10.1126/science.1184950]]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20378812 20378812]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:206524717 206524717].</ref> Kwa tshimologong ya porojeke e, go ne go na le mafelo a a ka nnang lekgolo le masome a mararo a a itsiweng a magaga mo kgaolong le dipeeletso tsa masalela a a ka nnang masome a mabedi.<ref name=":0" /> Ka Phukwi 2008, mokgwa wa go anama ga magaga o o bonweng mo Google Earth ke Berger mmogo le go lemoga gore dipeeletso tseno di ne di lebega jang go tswa mo disatelaeteng le go batlisisa mo gontsi mo mmung go ne go dirile gore Berger a ribolole magaga a ka nna makgolo a matlhano a bamaranyane ba neng ba sa a rulaganya kgotsa go a supa mo nakong e e fetileng<ref name=":0" />. Go ne go akarediwa mo go seno go ne go na le mafelo a a fetang masome a mabedi le botlhano a masalela a dilo tse di epolotsweng a maranyane e neng e sa a itse, otlhe mo kgaolong e gongwe e neng e batlisisiwa thata mo Aforika. Berger o ne a tlisa moithuta-lefatshe Paul Dirks, yo ka nako eo e neng e le Tlhogo ya Sekolo sa Maranyane a Lefatshe kwa Yunibesithing ya Witwatersrand, go etelela pele dikarolo tsa thutafatshe tsa porojeke eno ya go batlisisa.<ref name=":0" /> Mo bokhutlong jwa Phukwi 2008, Berger o ne a lemoga mo Google Earth motseletsele wa magaga a a tsamayang mo phosong e e neng e supa lefelo le le senang sepe mo kgaolong, lefelo le le neng le lebega le na le ditlhopha tsa ditlhare tse ka tlwaelo di neng di tshwaya dipeeletso tsa magaga.<ref name=":0" /> Ka Phatwe a rogwa o ne a folosa Dirks go dira mmepe wa thulaganyo ya logaga e e amogelwang mme a tswelela kwa lefelong le le sa batlisisiwang le ntsa ya gagwe Tau, [[Rhodesian Ridgeback]] e e neng e tsamaya le ene mo e ka nnang mo dipatlisisong tsotlhe tsa gagwe.<ref name=":0" /> Mo e ka nnang ka yone nako eo o ne a bona lefelo le le humileng la masalela a dilo tse di epolotsweng le le neng le sa itsiwe ke maranyane, mo tikologong ya magaga a a fetang masome a mararo a go neng go lebega a ne a sa lemogiwe ke babatlisisi ba pele.<ref name=":0" /> [[Setshwantsho:The Malapa valley.jpg|thumb|Pono ya mokgatšha wa Malapa, Lefelo la Tlhago la Malapa, Aforika Borwa ka 2012. Lefelo la Malapa le mo mokgatšheng o o kwa tlase ga thaba.]] Ka Phatwe a le lesome le botlhano, Berger o ne a boela kwa lefelong leo le moithuti wa gagwe wa morago ga bongaka, Dr. Job Kibii, le morwa wa ga Berger wa dingwaga di ferabongwe e bong [[Matthew]]. Mo metsotsong e se kae fela, [[Matthew Berger]] o ne a ribolotse masalela a ntlha a bagologolwane ba batho ba ntlha - [[kgetlana]], kgotsa lerapo la molala. Mo letlhakoreng le lengwe la lefelo, Berger o ne a bona ka bonako lerapo la motlhagare le le nang le leino la ntša(canine) la [[hominid]]. Phitlhelelo moragonyana e ne ya supiwa jaaka karolo ya lerapo la karolo ya hominid e nnye, e e ka nnang dingwaga di le boferabongwe go ya go lesome le boraro.<ref name=":2">Berger; et&#x20;al. (2010). [http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/328/5975/195 "Australopithecus sediba: A New Species of Homo-Like Australopith from South Africa"]. ''Science''. '''328''' (5975): 195–204. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010Sci...328..195B 2010Sci...328..195B]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1126/science.1184944|10.1126/science.1184944]]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20378811 20378811]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:14209370 14209370].</ref> Ka Lwetse a le malatsi a mane ka 2008, Berger o ne a boela kwa lefelong leo le badirikaene ba ba fetang lesome le bobedi, kwa Berger a neng a bona lerapo la bobedi la karolo ya mosadi yo o godileng.<ref name=":2" /> == Masalela a a bonweng == Lefelo leno le tlhagisitse nngwe ya dikokoano tse di feletseng thata tsa bagologolwane ba batho ba ntlha tse di kileng tsa bonwa, go akaretsa le marapo a a feletseng thata a di-hominid tsa ntlha tse di iseng di ribololwe, le masalela a a feletseng thata a di-hominid dipe tse di ka nnang dingwaga di le didikadike di le pedi tse di fetileng.<ref name=":2" /> Go setse go bonwe dintlha di feta makgolo a mabedi go fitlha ga jaana.<ref name=":2" /> Marapo a a sa felelang a tlhalosiwa kwa tshimologong mo dipampiring tse pedi mo lekwalodikgannyeng la ''[[Science]]'' ke Berger le badirikaene jaaka mofuta o mosha wa mogologolwane wa batho ba ntlha o o bidiwang ''[[Australopithecus sediba]]'' (sediba e e kayang motswedi wa tlholego kgotsa sediba ka Sesotho).<ref name=":2" /> Mo godimo ga masalela a a senotsweng kwa tshimologong, matlapa a a kokoantsweng mo lefelong leno a tlhatlhobilwe ka di-[[CT scans]] mme a na le marapo a mantsi le go feta, se se akantshang gore sekai sa mofuta, Karabo, se tla nna se se feletseng le go feta.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120715040929/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/07/120712-human-ancestor-fossils-sediba-science-berger-live/ "Surprise Human-Ancestor Find—Key Fossils Hidden in Lab Rock"]. ''National Geographic''. 12 July 2012. Archived from [http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/07/120712-human-ancestor-fossils-sediba-science-berger-live/ the original] on 15 July 2012.</ref> Mofuta o o akanngwang ke bakwadi go nna ntlhopheng yo o siameng wa go nna mofuta wa phetogo magareng ga monna-tshwene wa borwa jwa Aforika ''[[Australopithecus africanus]]'' (Ngwana wa [[Taung]], [[Mrs. Ples]]) le e ka nna ''[[Homo habilis]]'' kgotsa le eleng mogologolwane yo o tlhamaletseng wa ''[[Homo erectus]]'' ([[Mosimane wa Turkana]], [[Monna wa Java]], [[Monna wa Peking]]).<ref name=":3">[https://www.nsf.gov/news/news_summ.jsp?cntn_id=116690&org=NSF&from=news "Geologists Uncover Major Ancient Human Ancestor in South Africa"]. National Science Foundation. 8 April 2008.</ref> Mofuta ono o na le matsogo a maleele, jaaka [[tshwene]], diatla tse dikhutshwane tse di maatla, [[letheka]] le le gatetseng pele thata, le maoto a maleele a a kgonang go tsamaya mme gongwe le go taboga jaaka motho. Marapo a ne a fitlhelwa mo gare ga marapo a a tlhamaletseng a katse e e nang le meno a sabre, di-antelope le e leng dipeba le mebutla.<ref name=":1" /> === Thuto ya matlapa === Masalela a a bolokilwe mo selong se se thata, se se tshwanang le konkoreite se se bidiwang calcified [[clastic]] sediments se se neng sa bopega kwa tlase ga se se lebegang e le letsha le le seng boteng le le ka fa tlase ga lefatshe kgotsa letangwana le le ka tswang le ne le le dimitara di le masome a matlhano (160 ft) ka fa tlase ga lefatshe ka nako eo.<ref name=":1" /> Ga go itsiwe gore marapo ano a tlile jang mo letangwaneng leno, mme go lebega a ka tswa a wetse tlase thata.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":3" /> Ga go na ditshedi tse di jang nama kgotsa tse di tlhotlhorang tse di neng tsa fitlha mo mebeleng ya tsone.<ref name=":1" /> === Dingwaga tsa dipeeletso === Masalela a ne a bewa letlha ka go dirisa motswako wa [[paleomagnetism]] le go bewa ga [[uranium-lead dating (U-Pb)]] ke Andy Herries ([[Yunibesithi ya La Trobe]], Australia), Robyn Pickering ([[Yunibesithi ya Melbourne]], Australia) le Jan Kramers ([[University of Johannesburg|Yunibesithi ya Johannesburg]], Aforika Borwa). U-Pb dating ya [[letlapa la kelelo]] le le ka fa tlase e supa gore masalela ga a bogologolo go feta dingwaga di le didikadike di le pedi. Go tlhagelela ga mefuta ya diphologolo e e neng ya nyelela dingwaga di le go ka nna sedikadike le sephatlo tse di fetileng go supa gore peeletso ga e kwa tlase ga dingwaga di le sedikadike le sephatlo. Dikgogodi di na le polarity ya magnetic e e 'tlwaelesegileng', mme paka e le nngwe fela e kgolo magareng ga dingwaga di le didikadike tse pedi le sedikadike le sephatlo tse di fetileng fa seno se diragala e ne e le Olduvai sub-Chron magareng ga dingwaga di le didikadike di le 1.95 le 1.78 tse di fetileng, mme ka jalo ka 2010 masalela a ne a akanyetswa go nna dingwaga di ka nna didikadike di le 1.95 tsa dikgogodi tsa trans stratitional tsa tlholego le lefelo.<ref name=":1" /> Ka 2011 letlha le le nepagetseng thata la masalela le ne la tlhongwa fa letlapa la go elela la capping le ne le le legologolo thata go kgontsha dipeeletso tse di tlwaelesegileng tsa polarity go fitlha ka tiragalo ya Olduvai. Dipeeletso di ne di tsamaisana le paka e telele ya dingwaga di ka nna dikete tse tharo e e neng e le mo gare ga dingwaga di ka nna didikadike di le 1.977 tse di fetileng mme e itsege jaaka tiragalo ya Pele ga Olduvai.<ref>Patel, Shirona (8 September 2011). [http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-09/uotw-nes090111.php "New evidence suggests that Au. sediba is the best candidate for the genus Homo"]. University of the Witwatersrand. Retrieved Lwetse a ferabobedi, 2026.</ref> == Metswedi == <references /> [[Karolo:Dikgaga mo Aforika Borwa]] [[Karolo:Dikgaga tsa kalaka]] [[Karolo:Cradle of HumanKind]] [[Karolo:Pliocene]] [[Karolo:Mafelo a Gauteng]] tkc4zup82qhbqs4uofnq6zyzr2xt8mf Dikgaga tsa Klasies River 0 14983 54628 2026-09-08T13:34:19Z KatieKea 10150 Ke simolotse go ranola tsebe e 54628 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dikgaga tsa Klasies River''' ke motseletsele wa dikgaga tse di fitlhelwang kwa botlhaba jwa Molomo wa Noka ya Klasies mo lotshitshing lwa [[Tsitsikamma]] mo kgaolong ya [[Humansdorp]] kwa [[Eastern Cape|Kgaolong ya Kapa Botlhaba]], Aforika Borwa. Lefelo la Klasies River Main (KRM) le na le dikgaga tse dikgolo di le tharo le mafelo a tshireletso a le mabedi a a leng mo teng ga lefika le le kwa lotshitshing lo lo kwa borwa jwa Kapa Botlhaba. Lefelo le le neelana ka bosupi jwa ditlhabololo mo thekenolojing ya didirisiwa tsa matlapa, go iphetogela ga popego ya mmele le boitshwaro jwa motho jwa segompieno, le diphetogo mo paleoecology le seemo sa bosa mo Aforika Borwa go ikaegilwe ka bosupi jo bo tswang mo masaleleng a dimela.<ref>Deacon, H.J.; Wurz, S. (2005). "A Late Pleistocene Archive of Life at the Coast, Klasies River". In Stahl, Ann Brower (ed.). ''African archaeology: a critical introduction''. Blackwell Publishing. pp.&#x20;130–149. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/1-4051-3712-6|1-4051-3712-6]]</bdi>. [[:en:OCLC_(identifier)|OCLC]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/60564740 60564740].</ref> == Tlhagiso ya lefelo == Logaga lwa Noka ya Klasies lo mo molelwaneng wa dithaba tsa Tsitsikamma kwa lotshitshing lo lo kwa borwabotlhaba jwa Afrika. Lefelo leno le nna mo teng ga kgaolo ya Greater Cape Floristic, e e tlhaolwang ke biome ya fynbos; le fa go ntse jalo tikologo ya Logaga lwa Noka ya Klasies ke dikgwa tse di tlhakaneng le naga ya ditlhatshana mme e boloka tlelaemete e e bothitho.[2] Lefelo le legolo la Noka ya Klasies le mo lefikeng la motlhaba le le kwa tlase ga kilometara e le 1 go tswa kwa molomong wa Noka ya Klasies le mo lotshitshing lwa Lewatle la India.[3] Kgaolo e amogela pula e e ka nnang 500–700 mm (20–28 in) ka ngwaga. Lefelo le na le Logaga lwa 1 le 2, le di-overhang tse di sireleditsweng tsa Logaga lwa 1A le 1B, mmogo di itsege jaaka lefelo le legolo la Noka ya Klasies. Le fa go ntse jalo, Logaga lwa 2 lo ne lo sa fitlhelege go fitlha mo dikgatong tsa moragonyana morago ga gore go nne le go tlhongwa ga di-sediment tse di bonalang le go agega ga tsone, mme Logaga lwa 1B lo ntse lo sa kwalwa sentle; ka jalo bontsi jwa diphitlhelelo di tswa kwa Dikgageng tsa 1 le1A.[4] Dikgaga tse di na le dimitara di le 21 tsa dipeeletso tse babatlisisi ba kgaratlhetseng go di tlhalosa ka stratigraphic.[5][4] Fa maemo a lewatle a ne a fetogafetoga fa nako e ntse e tsamaya, ka nako ya ditiro dingwe, go nna gaufi le lebopo le mafelo a bojang a a di dikologileng go ne go tlamela ka botshelo jwa lewatle le diphologolo tsa lefatshe tse di neng di dirisiwa botlhaswa ke banni ba magaga.[6] == Kepo == Go tloga ka 1967–1968 John Wymer le Ronald Singer ba ne ba dira dipatlisiso tse di neng tsa senola bosupi jwa bonno jwa batho jo bo amanang le Motlha wa Matlapa a Bogare (MSA) jo bo simolotseng dingwaga di ka nna 125,000 tse di fetileng.[4] Singer le Wymer ba ne ba epa Logaga lwa 1, 1A le 1B, le karolo ya Logaga lwa 2; ba dirisa thulaganyo ya setso, ba ne ba tlhomamisa dikgato jaaka MSA I, MSA II, Howiesons Poort, MSA III le MSA IV, tse di neng tsa letla papiso go kgabaganya magaga.[4] Ditshwaelo tsa go epa ga ntlha di akaretsa go tsaya letlhakore ga disampole ka ntlha ya mekgwa ya go epa le go tlhatlhoba, le go kopanngwa ga dikarolo tsa stratigraphic tse di fifatsang go raraana ga mafelo; dikarolo tse di rileng di ne tsa kopanngwa mmogo go dira gore go nne thata go farologanya magareng ga ditiro mo lefelong le go kopanya dilo tse di dirilweng ka diatla le marapo go tswa mo dikarolong tse dintsi tse di farologaneng.[4][6] == Metswedi == 0pcvn0qfgceryfydmipdonyki0rsmt1 54630 54628 2026-09-08T14:19:17Z KatieKea 10150 /* Tlhagiso ya lefelo */ Ke okeditse tlhanolo 54630 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dikgaga tsa Klasies River''' ke motseletsele wa dikgaga tse di fitlhelwang kwa botlhaba jwa Molomo wa Noka ya Klasies mo lotshitshing lwa [[Tsitsikamma]] mo kgaolong ya [[Humansdorp]] kwa [[Eastern Cape|Kgaolong ya Kapa Botlhaba]], Aforika Borwa. Lefelo la Klasies River Main (KRM) le na le dikgaga tse dikgolo di le tharo le mafelo a tshireletso a le mabedi a a leng mo teng ga lefika le le kwa lotshitshing lo lo kwa borwa jwa Kapa Botlhaba. Lefelo le le neelana ka bosupi jwa ditlhabololo mo thekenolojing ya didirisiwa tsa matlapa, go iphetogela ga popego ya mmele le boitshwaro jwa motho jwa segompieno, le diphetogo mo paleoecology le seemo sa bosa mo Aforika Borwa go ikaegilwe ka bosupi jo bo tswang mo masaleleng a dimela.<ref>Deacon, H.J.; Wurz, S. (2005). "A Late Pleistocene Archive of Life at the Coast, Klasies River". In Stahl, Ann Brower (ed.). ''African archaeology: a critical introduction''. Blackwell Publishing. pp.&#x20;130–149. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/1-4051-3712-6|1-4051-3712-6]]</bdi>. [[:en:OCLC_(identifier)|OCLC]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/60564740 60564740].</ref> == Tlhagiso ya lefelo == Logaga lwa Noka ya Klasies lo mo molelwaneng wa dithaba tsa Tsitsikamma kwa lotshitshing lo lo kwa borwabotlhaba jwa Aforika. Lefelo leno le nna mo teng ga kgaolo ya Greater Cape Floristic, e e tlhaolwang ke biome ya [[fynbos]]; le fa go ntse jalo tikologo ya Logaga lwa Noka ya Klasies ke dikgwa tse di tlhakaneng le naga ya ditlhatshana mme e boloka seemo sa loapi se se bothitho.<ref>Reynard, Jerome P.; Wurz, Sarah (June 2020). "The palaeoecology of Klasies River, South Africa: An analysis of the large mammal remains from the 1984–1995 excavations of Cave 1 and 1A". ''Quaternary Science Reviews''. '''237''' 106301. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2020QSRv..23706301R 2020QSRv..23706301R]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106301|10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106301]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0277-3791 0277-3791]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:218956114 218956114]</ref> Lefelo le legolo la Noka ya Klasies le mo lefikeng la motlhaba le le kwa tlase ga kilometara e le nngwe go tswa kwa molomong wa Noka ya Klasies le mo lotshitshing lwa Lewatle la India.<ref>Grine, Frederick E.; Wurz, Sarah; Marean, Curtis W. (1 February 2017). [[doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2016.12.001|"The Middle Stone Age human fossil record from Klasies River Main Site"]]. ''Journal of Human Evolution''. '''103''': 53–78. Bibcode:2017JHumE.103...53G. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2016.12.001. ISSN&#x20;0047-2484. PMID&#x20;28166908.</ref> Kgaolo e amogela pula e e ka nnang 500–700 mm (20–28 in) ka ngwaga. [[Setshwantsho:Klasies River Mouth Cave, South Africa.jpg|left|thumb|Kgoro ya Logaga lwa Klasies River]] Lefelo le na le Logaga lwantlha le labobedi, le di-overhang tse di sireleditsweng tsa Logaga lwa 1A le 1B, mmogo di itsege jaaka lefelo le Klasies River main. Le fa go ntse jalo, Logaga lwa bobedi lo ne lo sa fitlhelege go fitlha mo dikgatong tsa moragonyana morago ga gore go nne le go tlhongwa ga di-sediment tse di bonalang le go agega ga tsone, mme Logaga lwa 1B lo ntse lo sa kwalwa sentle; ka jalo bontsi jwa diphitlhelelo di tswa kwa Dikgageng tsa 1 le1A.<ref name=":0">Morrissey, Peter; Mentzer, Susan M.; Wurz, Sarah (1 March 2022). "A Critical Review of the Stratigraphic Context of the MSA I and II at Klasies River Main Site, South Africa". ''Journal of Paleolithic Archaeology''. '''5''' (1) 5. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2022JPalA...5....5M 2022JPalA...5....5M]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s41982-022-00110-2|10.1007/s41982-022-00110-2]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2520-8217 2520-8217]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:257089427 257089427].</ref> Dikgaga tse di na le dimitara di le masome a mabedi le motso tsa dipeeletso tse babatlisisi ba kgaratlhetseng go di tlhalosa ka stratigraphic.<ref>Larbey, Cynthia; Mentzer, Susan M.; Ligouis, Bertrand; Wurz, Sarah; Jones, Martin K. (1 June 2019). [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0047248418300216 "Cooked starchy food in hearths ca. 120 kya and 65 kya (MIS 5e and MIS 4) from Klasies River Cave, South Africa"]. ''Journal of Human Evolution''. '''131''': 210–227. Bibcode:2019JHumE.131..210L. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2019.03.015. ISSN&#x20;0047-2484. PMID&#x20;31182202. S2CID&#x20;184485363.</ref><ref name=":0" /> Fa maemo a lewatle a ne a fetogafetoga fa nako e ntse e tsamaya, ka nako ya ditiro dingwe, go nna gaufi le lotshitshi le mafelo a bojang a a di dikologileng go ne go tlamela ka botshelo jwa lewatle le diphologolo tsa lefatshe tse di neng di dirisiwa botlhaswa ke banni ba dikgaga tse.<ref name=":1">Wurz, Sarah; Bentsen, Silje Evjenth; Reynard, Jerome; Van Pletzen-Vos, Liezl; Brenner, Mareike; Mentzer, Susan; Pickering, Robyn; Green, Helen (November 2018). "Connections, culture and environments around 100 000 years ago at Klasies River main site". ''Quaternary International''. '''495''': 102–115. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018QuInt.495..102W 2018QuInt.495..102W]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2018.03.039|10.1016/j.quaint.2018.03.039]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1040-6182 1040-6182]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:135412855 135412855].</ref> == Kepo == Go tloga ka 1967–1968 [[John Wymer]] le Ronald Singer ba ne ba dira dipatlisiso tse di neng tsa senola bosupi jwa bonno jwa batho jo bo amanang le [[Motlha wa Matlapa a Bogar|Motlha wa Matlapa a Bogare]] (MSA) jo bo simolotseng dingwaga di ka nna dikete tse lekgolo, masome a mabedi le botlhano tse di fetileng.<ref name=":0" /> Singer le Wymer ba ne ba epa Logaga lwa ntlha, 1A le 1B, le karolo ya Logaga lwa bobedi; ba dirisa thulaganyo ya setso, ba ne ba tlhomamisa dikgato jaaka MSA I, MSA II, Howiesons Poort, MSA III le MSA IV, tse di neng tsa letla papiso go kgabaganya dikgaga.<ref name=":0" /> Ditshwaelo tsa go epa ga ntlha di akaretsa go tsaya letlhakore ga dintlha ka ntlha ya mekgwa ya go epa le go tlhatlhoba, le go kopanngwa ga dikarolo tsa stratigraphic tse di fifatsang go raraana ga mafelo; dikarolo tse di rileng di ne tsa kopanngwa mmogo go dira gore go nne thata go farologanya magareng ga ditiro mo lefelong le go kopanya dilo tse di dirilweng ka diatla le marapo go tswa mo dikarolong tse dintsi tse di farologaneng.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> == Metswedi == p9xduhirpvasidu3uqgizouhwxtj8kd 54631 54630 2026-09-08T14:31:41Z KatieKea 10150 /* Kepo */ ke okeditse tlhanolo le go tsenya dikarolo 54631 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dikgaga tsa Klasies River''' ke motseletsele wa dikgaga tse di fitlhelwang kwa botlhaba jwa Molomo wa Noka ya Klasies mo lotshitshing lwa [[Tsitsikamma]] mo kgaolong ya [[Humansdorp]] kwa [[Eastern Cape|Kgaolong ya Kapa Botlhaba]], Aforika Borwa. Lefelo la Klasies River Main (KRM) le na le dikgaga tse dikgolo di le tharo le mafelo a tshireletso a le mabedi a a leng mo teng ga lefika le le kwa lotshitshing lo lo kwa borwa jwa Kapa Botlhaba. Lefelo le le neelana ka bosupi jwa ditlhabololo mo thekenolojing ya didirisiwa tsa matlapa, go iphetogela ga popego ya mmele le boitshwaro jwa motho jwa segompieno, le diphetogo mo paleoecology le seemo sa bosa mo Aforika Borwa go ikaegilwe ka bosupi jo bo tswang mo masaleleng a dimela.<ref name=":2">Deacon, H.J.; Wurz, S. (2005). "A Late Pleistocene Archive of Life at the Coast, Klasies River". In Stahl, Ann Brower (ed.). ''African archaeology: a critical introduction''. Blackwell Publishing. pp.&#x20;130–149. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/1-4051-3712-6|1-4051-3712-6]]</bdi>. [[:en:OCLC_(identifier)|OCLC]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/60564740 60564740].</ref> == Tlhagiso ya lefelo == Logaga lwa Noka ya Klasies lo mo molelwaneng wa dithaba tsa Tsitsikamma kwa lotshitshing lo lo kwa borwabotlhaba jwa Aforika. Lefelo leno le nna mo teng ga kgaolo ya Greater Cape Floristic, e e tlhaolwang ke biome ya [[fynbos]]; le fa go ntse jalo tikologo ya Logaga lwa Noka ya Klasies ke dikgwa tse di tlhakaneng le naga ya ditlhatshana mme e boloka seemo sa loapi se se bothitho.<ref>Reynard, Jerome P.; Wurz, Sarah (June 2020). "The palaeoecology of Klasies River, South Africa: An analysis of the large mammal remains from the 1984–1995 excavations of Cave 1 and 1A". ''Quaternary Science Reviews''. '''237''' 106301. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2020QSRv..23706301R 2020QSRv..23706301R]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106301|10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106301]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0277-3791 0277-3791]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:218956114 218956114]</ref> Lefelo le legolo la Noka ya Klasies le mo lefikeng la motlhaba le le kwa tlase ga kilometara e le nngwe go tswa kwa molomong wa Noka ya Klasies le mo lotshitshing lwa Lewatle la India.<ref>Grine, Frederick E.; Wurz, Sarah; Marean, Curtis W. (1 February 2017). [[doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2016.12.001|"The Middle Stone Age human fossil record from Klasies River Main Site"]]. ''Journal of Human Evolution''. '''103''': 53–78. Bibcode:2017JHumE.103...53G. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2016.12.001. ISSN&#x20;0047-2484. PMID&#x20;28166908.</ref> Kgaolo e amogela pula e e ka nnang 500–700 mm (20–28 in) ka ngwaga. [[Setshwantsho:Klasies River Mouth Cave, South Africa.jpg|left|thumb|Kgoro ya Logaga lwa Klasies River]] Lefelo le na le Logaga lwantlha le labobedi, le di-overhang tse di sireleditsweng tsa Logaga lwa 1A le 1B, mmogo di itsege jaaka lefelo le Klasies River main. Le fa go ntse jalo, Logaga lwa bobedi lo ne lo sa fitlhelege go fitlha mo dikgatong tsa moragonyana morago ga gore go nne le go tlhongwa ga di-sediment tse di bonalang le go agega ga tsone, mme Logaga lwa 1B lo ntse lo sa kwalwa sentle; ka jalo bontsi jwa diphitlhelelo di tswa kwa Dikgageng tsa 1 le1A.<ref name=":0">Morrissey, Peter; Mentzer, Susan M.; Wurz, Sarah (1 March 2022). "A Critical Review of the Stratigraphic Context of the MSA I and II at Klasies River Main Site, South Africa". ''Journal of Paleolithic Archaeology''. '''5''' (1) 5. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2022JPalA...5....5M 2022JPalA...5....5M]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s41982-022-00110-2|10.1007/s41982-022-00110-2]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2520-8217 2520-8217]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:257089427 257089427].</ref> Dikgaga tse di na le dimitara di le masome a mabedi le motso tsa dipeeletso tse babatlisisi ba kgaratlhetseng go di tlhalosa ka stratigraphic.<ref>Larbey, Cynthia; Mentzer, Susan M.; Ligouis, Bertrand; Wurz, Sarah; Jones, Martin K. (1 June 2019). [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0047248418300216 "Cooked starchy food in hearths ca. 120 kya and 65 kya (MIS 5e and MIS 4) from Klasies River Cave, South Africa"]. ''Journal of Human Evolution''. '''131''': 210–227. Bibcode:2019JHumE.131..210L. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2019.03.015. ISSN&#x20;0047-2484. PMID&#x20;31182202. S2CID&#x20;184485363.</ref><ref name=":0" /> Fa maemo a lewatle a ne a fetogafetoga fa nako e ntse e tsamaya, ka nako ya ditiro dingwe, go nna gaufi le lotshitshi le mafelo a bojang a a di dikologileng go ne go tlamela ka botshelo jwa lewatle le diphologolo tsa lefatshe tse di neng di dirisiwa botlhaswa ke banni ba dikgaga tse.<ref name=":1">Wurz, Sarah; Bentsen, Silje Evjenth; Reynard, Jerome; Van Pletzen-Vos, Liezl; Brenner, Mareike; Mentzer, Susan; Pickering, Robyn; Green, Helen (November 2018). "Connections, culture and environments around 100 000 years ago at Klasies River main site". ''Quaternary International''. '''495''': 102–115. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018QuInt.495..102W 2018QuInt.495..102W]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2018.03.039|10.1016/j.quaint.2018.03.039]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1040-6182 1040-6182]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:135412855 135412855].</ref> == Kepo == Go tloga ka 1967–1968 [[John Wymer]] le Ronald Singer ba ne ba dira dipatlisiso tse di neng tsa senola bosupi jwa bonno jwa batho jo bo amanang le [[Motlha wa Matlapa a Bogar|Motlha wa Matlapa a Bogare]] (MSA) jo bo simolotseng dingwaga di ka nna dikete tse lekgolo, masome a mabedi le botlhano tse di fetileng.<ref name=":0" /> Singer le Wymer ba ne ba epa Logaga lwa ntlha, 1A le 1B, le karolo ya Logaga lwa bobedi; ba dirisa thulaganyo ya setso, ba ne ba tlhomamisa dikgato jaaka MSA I, MSA II, Howiesons Poort, MSA III le MSA IV, tse di neng tsa letla papiso go kgabaganya dikgaga.<ref name=":0" /> Ditshwaelo tsa go epa ga ntlha di akaretsa go tsaya letlhakore ga dintlha ka ntlha ya mekgwa ya go epa le go tlhatlhoba, le go kopanngwa ga dikarolo tsa stratigraphic tse di fifatsang go raraana ga mafelo; dikarolo tse di rileng di ne tsa kopanngwa mmogo go dira gore go nne thata go farologanya magareng ga ditiro mo lefelong le go kopanya dilo tse di dirilweng ka diatla le marapo go tswa mo dikarolong tse dintsi tse di farologaneng.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Diphitlhelelo tseno tsa ntlha di ne tsa dira gore go epololwe ka go latelana go sekaseka [[stratigraphy]] e e farologaneng le e e raraaneng. [[Hilary Deacon]] o simolotse tiro mo Dikgageng tsa ntlha, 1A le 1B go tloga ka 1984–1995 a tlhomile mogopolo mo go tlhaoleng ka go sa tlhomamang ("Witness Baulk") e Singer le Wymer ba neng ba e dirisa go farologanya Logaga lwa 1A le Logaga lwa ntlha, ka gonne magaga ano tota a tswelela.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Fa go epa ga ga Singer le Wymer go ne go dirisa dintlha tse di neng di epilwe ka go tshwana go kgabaganya logaga ka llaga, go epa mo go latelanang go ne go lebile mekgwa e e farologaneng ya stratigraphic. Dipatlisiso tsa ga Deacon di ne tsa boloka dikarolo tse dinnye tsa lefelo leno. Deacon o ne a epa dintlha ka bongwe ka bongwe, a sa ikaega ka dintlha tse dingwe mo logageng, a kwala stratigraphy e e lemogilweng mo ntlheng nngwe le nngwe ka bongwe pele a tlhoma dintlha mmogo go ikaegilwe ka diphethene tsa tsone tsa stratigraphic tse di abelanwang.<ref name=":0" /> Go na le go dirisa thulaganyo ya setso, Deacon o ne a dirisa leano le le kopantsweng le le kopanyang thulaganyo ya setso ya ga Singer le Wymer le thulaganyo ya matlapa.<ref name=":0" /> O ne a tlhama mokgwa wa go naya mebu e e lemogilweng maina a a tlhalosang boemong jwa thulaganyo ya go tlhaola ya ga Singer le Wymer, le fa go ntse jalo dithulaganyo tseno ka bobedi di santse di dirisiwa le gompieno.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Sarah Wurz o simolotse go kaela go epa mo lefelong leno ka 2013 mme o tswelela gompieno ka go tswelela go tlhoma mogopolo mo go tsa microstratigraphy; tiro ya gagwe e bogolo jang mo teng ga Logaga lwa ntlha Witness Baulk, karolo e e neng e ise e epiwe mo nakong e e fetileng. Tiro ya ga jaana e tsepamisitswe mo go kokoanyeng tshedimosetso go tswa mo microstratigraphy le go tokafatsa thulaganyo ya go epa ga selekanyo se sennye. Tshedimosetso eno e dira gore go kgonege go bapisa KRM le mafelo a mangwe go ralala kontinente.<ref>Brenner, Mareike J.; Ryano, Kokeli P.; Wurz, Sarah (7 July 2020). "Coastal adaptation at Klasies River main site during MIS 5c-d (93,000–110,000 years ago) from a southern Cape perspective". ''The Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology''. '''17''' (2): 218–245. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1080/15564894.2020.1774444|10.1080/15564894.2020.1774444]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1556-4894 1556-4894]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]]&#x20;[https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:225776351 225776351].</ref><ref name=":0" /> === Stratigraphy le go tlhoma matlha === Matlha a stratigraphy ya KRM a bonwe ka tshekatsheko ya isotopic le go tlhoma matlha a didirisiwa tsa ditshedi.<ref name=":2" /> Ka ntlha ya fa lefelo le le feta dingwaga di le dikete tse masome a matlhano, [[matlha a radiocarbon]] ga a mosola thata ka ntlha ya kgotlelego ya carbom. Babatlisisi ba ile ba dirisa go sekaseka di-isotope tse di sa tlhomamang, tse di jaaka [[Uranium-Thorium (U-Th)]] go bona mefuta e e nepagetseng ya matlha. [[Marine isotope stages]] (MIS) di dirisiwa go bapisa dipapiso tsa nako tsa lefatshe ka bophara tse dikgolo;<ref>Lisiecki, Lorraine E.; Raymo, Maureen E. (1 March 2005). [https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2004PA001071 "A Pliocene-Pleistocene stack of 57 globally distributed benthic δ 18 O records"]. ''Paleoceanography''. '''20''' (1) 2004PA001071. doi:10.1029/2004PA001071. ISSN&#x20;0883-8305.</ref> kgato nngwe le nngwe mo lefelong la Klasies River Caves e tsamaisana le kgato ya MIS.<ref>Morrissey, Peter; Mentzer, Susan M.; Wurz, Sarah (1 October 2023). [https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0047248423000933 "The stratigraphy and formation of Middle Stone Age deposits in Cave 1B, Klasies River Main site, South Africa, with implications for the context, age, and cultural association of the KRM 41815/SAM-AP 6222 human mandible"]. ''Journal of Human Evolution''. '''183''' 103414. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2023.103414. hdl:11250/3122626. PMID&#x20;37660505.</ref> == Metswedi == <references /> [[Karolo:Dikgaga mo Aforika Borwa]] [[Karolo:Mafelo a Kapa Botlhaba]] [[Karolo:Paleoecology]] [[Karolo:Masalela a Homo sapiens]] 1ceptyxendrqvd04a6g3hlk0tb51pp2 Dikgwetlho tsa go nna Moithuti wa Yunibesithi 0 14984 54636 2026-09-08T16:47:42Z P'kaytee 12489 I'm done with my article 54636 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Cite Unseen icon academic (from OOjs UI).svg|thumb|Dikgwetlho tsa go nna Moithuti wa Yunibesithi ]] Dikgwetlho tsa go nna Moithuti wa Yunibesithi. Matseno Go nna moithuti wa yunibesithi ke maitemogelo a a ka nnang monate ka gonne go naya motho sebaka sa go ithuta dilo tse disha, go tokafatsa bokgoni le go ipaakanyetsa tiro ya mo isagweng. Le fa go ntse jalo, botshelo jwa yunibesithi bo ka nna le dikgwetlho tse dintshi. Baithuti ba tshwanetse go lebana le dilo tse di jaaka kgatelelo tsa dithuto, mathata a madi, bonno, dipalangwa, go laola nako le go tlwaela tikologo e ntsha(Vuk'uzenzele, 2023)<ref name=":0">https://www.vukuzenzele.gov.za/help-first-time-university-students</ref> Kgatelelo ya Dithuto Nngwe ya dikgwetlho tse dikgolo tse baithuti ba kopanang le tsone ke kgatelelo ya dithuto. Baithuti ba tshwanetse go ya kwa dithutong, go dira dikabelo, go ithutela diteko le ditlhatlhobo le go fetsa tiro ka nako. Baithuti ba basha ba ka ikutlwa ba imetswe ka gonne botshelo jwa yunibesithi bo tsamaya ka bonako mme ba tshwanetse go tlwaela tiro e ntsi. Go rulaganya nako ya go ithuta le go kopa thuso kwa go barutisi kgotsa bagakolodi ba thuto go ka thusa moithuti go laola tiro ya gagwe (Vuk'uzenzele, 2023)<ref name=":0" /> Mathata a Madi Mathata a madi le one ke kgwetlho e kgolo mo baithuting ba le bantsi. Ba tlhoka madi a go duela bonno, dipalangwa, dijo, dibuka le dilo tse dingwe tse di tlhokegang mo dithutong. Kwa Aforikaborwa, NSFAS e thusa baithuti ba ba tshwanelang go bona thuso ya madi, mme mathata a go duela ga ditshwenyegelo le dikabo tsa baithuti a sa ntse a tlhagelela. Ka 2026, go ne go begwa ka dingongorego tse di amanang le tiego ya dikabo tsa NSFAS mo baithuting( South African Government, 2026)<ref>https://www.gov.za/news/speeches/student-financial-aid-scheme-status-application-2026-academic=year</ref> Bonno le dipalangwa Go bona bonno jo bo siameng le jo bo ka duelang go nna bothata mo baithuting. Ditshwengelo tse di kwa godimo tsa bonno di ka dira gore thuto ya yunibesithi e nne turu, segolobogolo mo baithuting ba ba tswang mo malapeng a a nang le madi a mannye. Palamente ya Aforikaborwa e begile gore ditshenyegelo tse di kwa godimo tsa bonno jwa baithuti di ka dira gore e se ka ya fitlhelela baithuti bangwe ba ba humanegileng( Parliament of South Aforika, 2026)<ref>https://wwwparliament.gov.za.press-releases/media-statement-high-student-accomodation-costs-maki-higher-education-unaffordable</ref> Kgatelelo le Boitekanelo Botshelo jwa yunibesithi bo ka dira gore baithuti ba ikutlwe ba gateletswe kgotsa ba imetswe. Mathata a dithuto, madi, bonno le go tlwaela tikologo e ntsha a ka ama botsogo le boitekanelo jwa moithuti. Ka jalo, go botlhokwa gore baithuti ba itse gore ba ka kopa thuso fa ba kopana le mathata. Gape diyunibesithi di tshwanetse go nna le ditshebeletso tse di ka thusang baithuti ba ba tlhokang tshegetso.<ref>https://wwwparliament.gov.za.press-releases/media-statement-high-student-accomodation-costs-maki-higher-education-unaffordable</ref> Go Tlwaela Botshelo jwa Yunibesithi Baithuti ba basha ba ka nna le bothata jwa go tlwaela botshelo jwa yunibesithi. Ba tshwanetse go tlwaela tikologo e ntsha, barutabana, baithuti ba bangwe le tsela e dithuto di tsamaisiwang ka yone. Ba bangwe ba ka ikutlwa ba le nosi kgotsa ba tlhakatlhakane fa ba simolola yunibesithi, segobogolo fa ba tswa kwa mafelong a a kgakala kgotsa ba sa itse tikologo eo. Go kopa thuso kwa bagakoloding ba thuto le kwa barutising go ka thusa baithuti go tlwaela botshelo jwa yunibesithi<ref>https://www.gov.za/news/media-statement/nsfas-private-accomodation-payment-and-ongoing-sector-engagements-11-may</ref> Dithupiso # Vuk'uzenzele. (2023). Help for First-Time Univesithi Students. [https://www.vukuzenzele.gov.za/help https://www.vukuzenzele.gov.za/help-first-time-university-students] # South African Government. (2026). Student Financial Aid Scheme: Status of Application for 2026 Academic Year. https://www.gov.za/news/speeches/student-financial-aid-scheme-status-application-2026-academic=year # South Africa Government. (2026). Deputy Minster Yusuf Cassim steps in to assist Students Facing NSFAS Challenges. https://www.gov.za./news/media-statements/deputy-minister-yusuf-cassim-steps-assist-students-facing-nsfas-challenges-16 # Parliament of South Africa. (2026). High Student Accomodation Costs Making Higher Education Unaffordable. https://wwwparliament.gov.za.press-releases/media-statement-high-student-accomodation-costs-maki-higher-education-unaffordable # South African Government. (2026). Nsfas on Private Accomodation Payments and ongoing Sector Engagements. https://www.gov.za/news/media-statement/nsfas-private-accomodation-payment-and-ongoing-sector-engagements-11-may ppcv2xz7rtmn37k4asxebfvpenemk13 54637 54636 2026-09-08T16:48:11Z P'kaytee 12489 I'm done writing my article 54637 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Cite Unseen icon academic (from OOjs UI).svg|thumb|Dikgwetlho tsa go nna Moithuti wa Yunibesithi ]] Dikgwetlho tsa go nna Moithuti wa Yunibesithi. Matseno Go nna moithuti wa yunibesithi ke maitemogelo a a ka nnang monate ka gonne go naya motho sebaka sa go ithuta dilo tse disha, go tokafatsa bokgoni le go ipaakanyetsa tiro ya mo isagweng. Le fa go ntse jalo, botshelo jwa yunibesithi bo ka nna le dikgwetlho tse dintshi. Baithuti ba tshwanetse go lebana le dilo tse di jaaka kgatelelo tsa dithuto, mathata a madi, bonno, dipalangwa, go laola nako le go tlwaela tikologo e ntsha(Vuk'uzenzele, 2023)<ref name=":0">https://www.vukuzenzele.gov.za/help-first-time-university-students</ref> Kgatelelo ya Dithuto Nngwe ya dikgwetlho tse dikgolo tse baithuti ba kopanang le tsone ke kgatelelo ya dithuto. Baithuti ba tshwanetse go ya kwa dithutong, go dira dikabelo, go ithutela diteko le ditlhatlhobo le go fetsa tiro ka nako. Baithuti ba basha ba ka ikutlwa ba imetswe ka gonne botshelo jwa yunibesithi bo tsamaya ka bonako mme ba tshwanetse go tlwaela tiro e ntsi. Go rulaganya nako ya go ithuta le go kopa thuso kwa go barutisi kgotsa bagakolodi ba thuto go ka thusa moithuti go laola tiro ya gagwe (Vuk'uzenzele, 2023)<ref name=":0" /> Mathata a Madi Mathata a madi le one ke kgwetlho e kgolo mo baithuting ba le bantsi. Ba tlhoka madi a go duela bonno, dipalangwa, dijo, dibuka le dilo tse dingwe tse di tlhokegang mo dithutong. Kwa Aforikaborwa, NSFAS e thusa baithuti ba ba tshwanelang go bona thuso ya madi, mme mathata a go duela ga ditshwenyegelo le dikabo tsa baithuti a sa ntse a tlhagelela. Ka 2026, go ne go begwa ka dingongorego tse di amanang le tiego ya dikabo tsa NSFAS mo baithuting( South African Government, 2026)<ref>https://www.gov.za/news/speeches/student-financial-aid-scheme-status-application-2026-academic=year</ref> Bonno le dipalangwa Go bona bonno jo bo siameng le jo bo ka duelang go nna bothata mo baithuting. Ditshwengelo tse di kwa godimo tsa bonno di ka dira gore thuto ya yunibesithi e nne turu, segolobogolo mo baithuting ba ba tswang mo malapeng a a nang le madi a mannye. Palamente ya Aforikaborwa e begile gore ditshenyegelo tse di kwa godimo tsa bonno jwa baithuti di ka dira gore e se ka ya fitlhelela baithuti bangwe ba ba humanegileng( Parliament of South Aforika, 2026)<ref>https://wwwparliament.gov.za.press-releases/media-statement-high-student-accomodation-costs-maki-higher-education-unaffordable</ref> Kgatelelo le Boitekanelo Botshelo jwa yunibesithi bo ka dira gore baithuti ba ikutlwe ba gateletswe kgotsa ba imetswe. Mathata a dithuto, madi, bonno le go tlwaela tikologo e ntsha a ka ama botsogo le boitekanelo jwa moithuti. Ka jalo, go botlhokwa gore baithuti ba itse gore ba ka kopa thuso fa ba kopana le mathata. Gape diyunibesithi di tshwanetse go nna le ditshebeletso tse di ka thusang baithuti ba ba tlhokang tshegetso.<ref>https://wwwparliament.gov.za.press-releases/media-statement-high-student-accomodation-costs-maki-higher-education-unaffordable</ref> Go Tlwaela Botshelo jwa Yunibesithi Baithuti ba basha ba ka nna le bothata jwa go tlwaela botshelo jwa yunibesithi. Ba tshwanetse go tlwaela tikologo e ntsha, barutabana, baithuti ba bangwe le tsela e dithuto di tsamaisiwang ka yone. Ba bangwe ba ka ikutlwa ba le nosi kgotsa ba tlhakatlhakane fa ba simolola yunibesithi, segobogolo fa ba tswa kwa mafelong a a kgakala kgotsa ba sa itse tikologo eo. Go kopa thuso kwa bagakoloding ba thuto le kwa barutising go ka thusa baithuti go tlwaela botshelo jwa yunibesithi<ref>https://www.gov.za/news/media-statement/nsfas-private-accomodation-payment-and-ongoing-sector-engagements-11-may</ref> Dithupiso # Vuk'uzenzele. (2023). Help for First-Time Univesithi Students. [https://www.vukuzenzele.gov.za/help https://www.vukuzenzele.gov.za/help-first-time-university-students] # South African Government. (2026). Student Financial Aid Scheme: Status of Application for 2026 Academic Year. https://www.gov.za/news/speeches/student-financial-aid-scheme-status-application-2026-academic=year # South Africa Government. (2026). Deputy Minster Yusuf Cassim steps in to assist Students Facing NSFAS Challenges. https://www.gov.za./news/media-statements/deputy-minister-yusuf-cassim-steps-assist-students-facing-nsfas-challenges-16 # Parliament of South Africa. (2026). High Student Accomodation Costs Making Higher Education Unaffordable. https://wwwparliament.gov.za.press-releases/media-statement-high-student-accomodation-costs-maki-higher-education-unaffordable # South African Government. (2026). Nsfas on Private Accomodation Payments and ongoing Sector Engagements. https://www.gov.za/news/media-statement/nsfas-private-accomodation-payment-and-ongoing-sector-engagements-11-may 85ok1vqqug2t7f26rg8v2g0icc8s6h0 Ting 0 14985 54644 2026-09-08T17:09:04Z Reagoleboga 10854 added new article 54644 wikitext text/x-wiki === '''Ting''' === Ting ke sejo sa setso se se bedisitsweng se se amanang le ngwao ya dijo tsa Aforika Borwa. Gantsi e apewa ka sorghum kgotsa mmidi o o bedisitsweng, le fa gone mekgwa ya go e apaya e ka farologana go ya ka ditšhaba. Ting e amanngwa thata le dijo tsa setso mo dikarolong tsa Aforika Borwa le dinaga tsa boagisani. Thulaganyo ya go bedisa ke nngwe ya dilo tse di botlhokwa thata ka ting. Go bedisa go fetola tatso le popego ya boupe mme go dira gore bo nne le tatso e e bogale. Go bedisa dijo ka tsela e e tlwaelegileng le gone e ne e le mokgwa wa bogologolo wa go fetola le go boloka dijo pele ga di tsidifadiwa ka tsela ya segompieno le go dirwa ga dijo ka tsela ya madirelo. Go baakanyetsa ting, dithoro tse di jaaka sorghum kgotsa mmidi di a silwa di bo di dirwa boupe. clw4zgh61l9o9afzbnhxe1jsr1pp49v 54645 54644 2026-09-08T17:09:45Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 54645 wikitext text/x-wiki === '''Ting''' === Ting ke sejo sa setso se se bedisitsweng se se amanang le ngwao ya dijo tsa Aforika Borwa. Gantsi e apewa ka sorghum kgotsa mmidi o o bedisitsweng, le fa gone mekgwa ya go e apaya e ka farologana go ya ka ditšhaba. Ting e amanngwa thata le dijo tsa setso mo dikarolong tsa Aforika Borwa le dinaga tsa boagisani. Thulaganyo ya go bedisa ke nngwe ya dilo tse di botlhokwa thata ka ting. Go bedisa go fetola tatso le popego ya boupe mme go dira gore bo nne le tatso e e bogale. Go bedisa dijo ka tsela e e tlwaelegileng le gone e ne e le mokgwa wa bogologolo wa go fetola le go boloka dijo pele ga di tsidifadiwa ka tsela ya segompieno le go dirwa ga dijo ka tsela ya madirelo. Go baakanyetsa ting, dithoro tse di jaaka sorghum kgotsa mmidi di a silwa di bo di dirwa boupe. Dijo tseno di tswakanngwa le metsi di bo di tlogelwa gore di bedise ka lobaka lo lo rileng. Fa e sena go bedisiwa, e apewa ka metsi a mangwe go fitlha e nna jaaka boupe. Nako e e tserweng go bedisa e ka ama tatso ya bofelo. Ting e ka jewa ka ditsela tse di farologaneng. Batho ba bangwe ba e ja ka nako ya dijo tsa mo mosong, fa ba bangwe bone ba e ja fa ba ja dijo tse dikgolo. E ka jewa ka mashi, sukiri kgotsa ka dilo tse dingwe, go ikaegile ka dingwao tsa lefelo leo le se motho a se ratang. Gape e ka jewa le dijo tse di monate. l8lo9wlga6ulqlne8dz2by3vrwnx9qk 54646 54645 2026-09-08T17:11:05Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 54646 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Bogobe jwa mabele le phane.jpg|thumb|Bogobe jwa mabele]] === '''Ting''' === Ting, e itsiwe jaaka bogobe jwa mabele, ke sejo sa setso se se bedisitsweng se se amanang le ngwao ya dijo tsa Aforika Borwa. Gantsi e apewa ka sorghum kgotsa mmidi o o bedisitsweng, le fa gone mekgwa ya go e apaya e ka farologana go ya ka ditšhaba. Ting e amanngwa thata le dijo tsa setso mo dikarolong tsa Aforika Borwa le dinaga tsa boagisani. Thulaganyo ya go bedisa ke nngwe ya dilo tse di botlhokwa thata ka ting. Go bedisa go fetola tatso le popego ya boupe mme go dira gore bo nne le tatso e e bogale. Go bedisa dijo ka tsela e e tlwaelegileng le gone e ne e le mokgwa wa bogologolo wa go fetola le go boloka dijo pele ga di tsidifadiwa ka tsela ya segompieno le go dirwa ga dijo ka tsela ya madirelo. Go baakanyetsa ting, dithoro tse di jaaka sorghum kgotsa mmidi di a silwa di bo di dirwa boupe. Dijo tseno di tswakanngwa le metsi di bo di tlogelwa gore di bedise ka lobaka lo lo rileng. Fa e sena go bedisiwa, e apewa ka metsi a mangwe go fitlha e nna jaaka boupe. Nako e e tserweng go bedisa e ka ama tatso ya bofelo. Ting e ka jewa ka ditsela tse di farologaneng. Batho ba bangwe ba e ja ka nako ya dijo tsa mo mosong, fa ba bangwe bone ba e ja fa ba ja dijo tse dikgolo. E ka jewa ka mashi, sukiri kgotsa ka dilo tse dingwe, go ikaegile ka dingwao tsa lefelo leo le se motho a se ratang. Gape e ka jewa le dijo tse di monate. 91gm7b2sbhm0yrbq6q6vn6xcv9wm09y 54647 54646 2026-09-08T17:12:52Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 54647 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Bogobe jwa mabele le phane.jpg|thumb|Bogobe jwa mabele]] === '''Ting''' === Ting, e itsiwe jaaka bogobe jwa mabele, ke sejo sa setso se se bedisitsweng se se amanang le ngwao ya dijo tsa Aforika Borwa. Gantsi e apewa ka sorghum kgotsa mmidi o o bedisitsweng, le fa gone mekgwa ya go e apaya e ka farologana go ya ka ditšhaba. Ting e amanngwa thata le dijo tsa setso mo dikarolong tsa Aforika Borwa le dinaga tsa boagisani. Thulaganyo ya go bedisa ke nngwe ya dilo tse di botlhokwa thata ka ting. Go bedisa go fetola tatso le popego ya boupe mme go dira gore bo nne le tatso e e bogale. Go bedisa dijo ka tsela e e tlwaelegileng le gone e ne e le mokgwa wa bogologolo wa go fetola le go boloka dijo pele ga di tsidifadiwa ka tsela ya segompieno le go dirwa ga dijo ka tsela ya madirelo. Go baakanyetsa ting, dithoro tse di jaaka sorghum kgotsa mmidi di a silwa di bo di dirwa boupe. ==== E Diriwa Jang ==== Dijo tseno di tswakanngwa le metsi di bo di tlogelwa gore di bedise ka lobaka lo lo rileng. Fa e sena go bedisiwa, e apewa ka metsi a mangwe go fitlha e nna jaaka boupe. Nako e e tserweng go bedisa e ka ama tatso ya bofelo. Ting e ka jewa ka ditsela tse di farologaneng. Batho ba bangwe ba e ja ka nako ya dijo tsa mo mosong, fa ba bangwe bone ba e ja fa ba ja dijo tse dikgolo. E ka jewa ka mashi, sukiri kgotsa ka dilo tse dingwe, go ikaegile ka dingwao tsa lefelo leo le se motho a se ratang. Gape e ka jewa le dijo tse di monate. Dingwaga di le dintsi tse di fetileng, ting e ne e le motswedi o o botlhokwa wa maatla ka gonne e ne e dirwa ka dithoro tse di neng di ka jalwa le go bolokiwa ke malapa a balemirui. Sorghum e ntse e le botlhokwa thata mo temothuong ya Aforika Borwa ka gonne e kgona go gola mo maemong a a omeletseng. Go dirwa ga ting le gone go bontsha kafa kitso ya setso e leng botlhokwa ka teng. Batho ba ne ba tlhoka go tlhaloganya gore ba ka baakanya jang dijo tsa dithoro, ba laola tsela e di bedisiwang ka yone le go apaya dijo tse di setseng. Gantsi kitso e e ntseng jalo e ne e rutwa mo malapeng le mo setšhabeng. 2aqxrb9kl8v2rja909n9rvmfesq4as1 54648 54647 2026-09-08T17:13:43Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 54648 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Bogobe jwa mabele le phane.jpg|thumb|Bogobe jwa mabele]] === '''Ting''' === Ting, e itsiwe jaaka bogobe jwa mabele, ke sejo sa setso se se bedisitsweng se se amanang le ngwao ya dijo tsa Aforika Borwa. Gantsi e apewa ka sorghum kgotsa mmidi o o bedisitsweng, le fa gone mekgwa ya go e apaya e ka farologana go ya ka ditšhaba. Ting e amanngwa thata le dijo tsa setso mo dikarolong tsa Aforika Borwa le dinaga tsa boagisani. Thulaganyo ya go bedisa ke nngwe ya dilo tse di botlhokwa thata ka ting. Go bedisa go fetola tatso le popego ya boupe mme go dira gore bo nne le tatso e e bogale. Go bedisa dijo ka tsela e e tlwaelegileng le gone e ne e le mokgwa wa bogologolo wa go fetola le go boloka dijo pele ga di tsidifadiwa ka tsela ya segompieno le go dirwa ga dijo ka tsela ya madirelo. Go baakanyetsa ting, dithoro tse di jaaka sorghum kgotsa mmidi di a silwa di bo di dirwa boupe. ==== E Diriwa Jang ==== Dijo tseno di tswakanngwa le metsi di bo di tlogelwa gore di bedise ka lobaka lo lo rileng. Fa e sena go bedisiwa, e apewa ka metsi a mangwe go fitlha e nna jaaka boupe. Nako e e tserweng go bedisa e ka ama tatso ya bofelo. Ting e ka jewa ka ditsela tse di farologaneng. Batho ba bangwe ba e ja ka nako ya dijo tsa mo mosong, fa ba bangwe bone ba e ja fa ba ja dijo tse dikgolo. E ka jewa ka mashi, sukiri kgotsa ka dilo tse dingwe, go ikaegile ka dingwao tsa lefelo leo le se motho a se ratang. Gape e ka jewa le dijo tse di monate. Dingwaga di le dintsi tse di fetileng, ting e ne e le motswedi o o botlhokwa wa maatla ka gonne e ne e dirwa ka dithoro tse di neng di ka jalwa le go bolokiwa ke malapa a balemirui. Sorghum e ntse e le botlhokwa thata mo temothuong ya Aforika Borwa ka gonne e kgona go gola mo maemong a a omeletseng. Go dirwa ga ting le gone go bontsha kafa kitso ya setso e leng botlhokwa ka teng. Batho ba ne ba tlhoka go tlhaloganya gore ba ka baakanya jang dijo tsa dithoro, ba laola tsela e di bedisiwang ka yone le go apaya dijo tse di setseng. Gantsi kitso e e ntseng jalo e ne e rutwa mo malapeng le mo setšhabeng. ==== Bokhutlo ==== Ting e na le botlhokwa jwa setso ka gonne e golaganya batho ba segompieno ba Aforika Borwa le dingwao tsa bogologolo tsa dijo. Le fa gone batho ba le bantsi gompieno ba ja dijo tsa sefitlholo tse di rekisiwang le dijo tse dingwe tsa segompieno, go sa ntse go dirwa le go ratiwa dijo tsa setso tse di dirilweng ka go bedisa. Sejo seno gape se bontsha kafa go bedisa go neng go le botlhokwa ka teng mo hisetoring ya dijo. Go bedisa ga se fela tsela ya go fetola tatso; ke mokgwa wa bogologolo o o ileng wa dira gore batho mo lefatsheng lotlhe ba dire dijo tse di nang le mekgwa e e farologaneng. Ka jalo, Ting e sa ntse e le sekai se se botlhokwa sa ngwao-boswa ya go apaya ya borwa jwa Aforika. E emela temothuo ya setso, go baakanya dijo, go bedisa le go fetisa kitso go tswa kokomaneng e nngwe go ya go e nngwe. mhw8xv8bl80vc4rhdammrh553zzkl44 54649 54648 2026-09-08T17:14:23Z Reagoleboga 10854 54649 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Bogobe jwa mabele le phane.jpg|thumb|Bogobe jwa mabele]] === '''Ting''' === Ting, e itsiwe jaaka bogobe jwa mabele, ke sejo sa setso se se bedisitsweng se se amanang le ngwao ya dijo tsa Aforika Borwa. Gantsi e apewa ka sorghum kgotsa mmidi o o bedisitsweng, le fa gone mekgwa ya go e apaya e ka farologana go ya ka ditšhaba. Ting e amanngwa thata le dijo tsa setso mo dikarolong tsa Aforika Borwa le dinaga tsa boagisani. Thulaganyo ya go bedisa ke nngwe ya dilo tse di botlhokwa thata ka ting. Go bedisa go fetola tatso le popego ya boupe mme go dira gore bo nne le tatso e e bogale. Go bedisa dijo ka tsela e e tlwaelegileng le gone e ne e le mokgwa wa bogologolo wa go fetola le go boloka dijo pele ga di tsidifadiwa ka tsela ya segompieno le go dirwa ga dijo ka tsela ya madirelo. Go baakanyetsa ting, dithoro tse di jaaka sorghum kgotsa mmidi di a silwa di bo di dirwa boupe. ==== E Diriwa Jang ==== Dijo tseno di tswakanngwa le metsi di bo di tlogelwa gore di bedise ka lobaka lo lo rileng. Fa e sena go bedisiwa, e apewa ka metsi a mangwe go fitlha e nna jaaka boupe. Nako e e tserweng go bedisa e ka ama tatso ya bofelo. Ting e ka jewa ka ditsela tse di farologaneng. Batho ba bangwe ba e ja ka nako ya dijo tsa mo mosong, fa ba bangwe bone ba e ja fa ba ja dijo tse dikgolo. E ka jewa ka mashi, sukiri kgotsa ka dilo tse dingwe, go ikaegile ka dingwao tsa lefelo leo le se motho a se ratang. Gape e ka jewa le dijo tse di monate. Dingwaga di le dintsi tse di fetileng, ting e ne e le motswedi o o botlhokwa wa maatla ka gonne e ne e dirwa ka dithoro tse di neng di ka jalwa le go bolokiwa ke malapa a balemirui. Sorghum e ntse e le botlhokwa thata mo temothuong ya Aforika Borwa ka gonne e kgona go gola mo maemong a a omeletseng. Go dirwa ga ting le gone go bontsha kafa kitso ya setso e leng botlhokwa ka teng. Batho ba ne ba tlhoka go tlhaloganya gore ba ka baakanya jang dijo tsa dithoro, ba laola tsela e di bedisiwang ka yone le go apaya dijo tse di setseng. Gantsi kitso e e ntseng jalo e ne e rutwa mo malapeng le mo setšhabeng. ==== Bokhutlo ==== Ting e na le botlhokwa jwa setso ka gonne e golaganya batho ba segompieno ba Aforika Borwa le dingwao tsa bogologolo tsa dijo. Le fa gone batho ba le bantsi gompieno ba ja dijo tsa sefitlholo tse di rekisiwang le dijo tse dingwe tsa segompieno, go sa ntse go dirwa le go ratiwa dijo tsa setso tse di dirilweng ka go bedisa. Sejo seno gape se bontsha kafa go bedisa go neng go le botlhokwa ka teng mo hisetoring ya dijo. Go bedisa ga se fela tsela ya go fetola tatso; ke mokgwa wa bogologolo o o ileng wa dira gore batho mo lefatsheng lotlhe ba dire dijo tse di nang le mekgwa e e farologaneng. Ka jalo, Ting e sa ntse e le sekai se se botlhokwa sa ngwao-boswa ya go apaya ya borwa jwa Aforika. E emela temothuo ya setso, go baakanya dijo, go bedisa le go fetisa kitso go tswa kokomaneng e nngwe go ya go e nngwe. [[Category: Ting]] [[Category: Bogobe jwa mabele]] [[Category: Mabele]] d33l5t3tpmlzg9m7u867ldsq4vfy2xj 54651 54649 2026-09-08T17:17:58Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 54651 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Bogobe jwa mabele le phane.jpg|thumb|Bogobe jwa mabele]] === '''Ting''' === Ting, e itsiwe jaaka bogobe jwa mabele, ke sejo sa setso se se bedisitsweng se se amanang le ngwao ya dijo tsa Aforika Borwa. Gantsi e apewa ka sorghum kgotsa mmidi o o bedisitsweng, le fa gone mekgwa ya go e apaya e ka farologana go ya ka ditšhaba. Ting e amanngwa thata le dijo tsa setso mo dikarolong tsa Aforika Borwa le dinaga tsa boagisani. Thulaganyo ya go bedisa ke nngwe ya dilo tse di botlhokwa thata ka ting.<ref>https://theconversation.com/amazing-ting-south-africa-must-reinvigorate-sorghum-as-a-key-food-before-its-lost-185552</ref> Go bedisa go fetola tatso le popego ya boupe mme go dira gore bo nne le tatso e e bogale. Go bedisa dijo ka tsela e e tlwaelegileng le gone e ne e le mokgwa wa bogologolo wa go fetola le go boloka dijo pele ga di tsidifadiwa ka tsela ya segompieno le go dirwa ga dijo ka tsela ya madirelo. Go baakanyetsa ting, dithoro tse di jaaka sorghum kgotsa mmidi di a silwa di bo di dirwa boupe.<ref>https://health.clevelandclinic.org/sorghum-benefits</ref> ==== E Diriwa Jang ==== Dijo tseno di tswakanngwa le metsi di bo di tlogelwa gore di bedise ka lobaka lo lo rileng. Fa e sena go bedisiwa, e apewa ka metsi a mangwe go fitlha e nna jaaka boupe. Nako e e tserweng go bedisa e ka ama tatso ya bofelo. Ting e ka jewa ka ditsela tse di farologaneng. Batho ba bangwe ba e ja ka nako ya dijo tsa mo mosong, fa ba bangwe bone ba e ja fa ba ja dijo tse dikgolo. E ka jewa ka mashi, sukiri kgotsa ka dilo tse dingwe, go ikaegile ka dingwao tsa lefelo leo le se motho a se ratang. Gape e ka jewa le dijo tse di monate. Dingwaga di le dintsi tse di fetileng, ting e ne e le motswedi o o botlhokwa wa maatla ka gonne e ne e dirwa ka dithoro tse di neng di ka jalwa le go bolokiwa ke malapa a balemirui.<ref name=":0">https://www.news24.com/life/food/cooking/sorghum-an-unsung-hero-of-south-african-cuisine-20241018</ref> Sorghum e ntse e le botlhokwa thata mo temothuong ya Aforika Borwa ka gonne e kgona go gola mo maemong a a omeletseng. Go dirwa ga ting le gone go bontsha kafa kitso ya setso e leng botlhokwa ka teng. Batho ba ne ba tlhoka go tlhaloganya gore ba ka baakanya jang dijo tsa dithoro, ba laola tsela e di bedisiwang ka yone le go apaya dijo tse di setseng. Gantsi kitso e e ntseng jalo e ne e rutwa mo malapeng le mo setšhabeng.<ref name=":0" /> ==== Bokhutlo ==== Ting e na le botlhokwa jwa setso ka gonne e golaganya batho ba segompieno ba Aforika Borwa le dingwao tsa bogologolo tsa dijo. Le fa gone batho ba le bantsi gompieno ba ja dijo tsa sefitlholo tse di rekisiwang le dijo tse dingwe tsa segompieno, go sa ntse go dirwa le go ratiwa dijo tsa setso tse di dirilweng ka go bedisa. Sejo seno gape se bontsha kafa go bedisa go neng go le botlhokwa ka teng mo hisetoring ya dijo. Go bedisa ga se fela tsela ya go fetola tatso; ke mokgwa wa bogologolo o o ileng wa dira gore batho mo lefatsheng lotlhe ba dire dijo tse di nang le mekgwa e e farologaneng. Ka jalo, Ting e sa ntse e le sekai se se botlhokwa sa ngwao-boswa ya go apaya ya borwa jwa Aforika. E emela temothuo ya setso, go baakanya dijo, go bedisa le go fetisa kitso go tswa kokomaneng e nngwe go ya go e nngwe.<ref>https://www.glamour.co.za/lifestyle/food-drink/healthy-south-african-dishes-to-indulge-in-this-heritage-month-17323601</ref> [[Category: Ting]] [[Category: Bogobe jwa mabele]] [[Category: Mabele]] 8x422b7wuw0852fqkmr2dtqn7fcyoxa Puo ya seNdebele ya Borwa 0 14986 54659 2026-09-08T18:53:23Z Reagoleboga 10854 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1371062140|Southern Ndebele language]]" 54659 wikitext text/x-wiki   [[File:South_Africa_Ndebele_speakers_proportion_map.svg|thumb|Geographical distribution of Southern Ndebele in South Africa: proportion of the population that speaks Southern Ndebele at home. <templatestyles src="Image key/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{legend-col|{{legend|#EDF8E9|0–20%}}|{{legend|#BAE4B3|20–40%}}|{{legend|#74C476|40–60%}}|{{legend|#31A354|60–80%}}|{{legend|#006D2C|80–100%}}}}]] [[File:South_Africa_Ndebele_speakers_density_map.svg|thumb|Geographical distribution of Southern Ndebele in South Africa: density of Southern Ndebele home-language speakers. <templatestyles src="Image key/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{legend-col|{{legend|#ffffcc|&lt;1 /km²}}|{{legend|#ffeda0|1–3 /km²}}|{{legend|#fed976|3–10 /km²}}|{{legend|#feb24c|10–30 /km²}}|{{legend|#fd8d3c|30–100 /km²}}|{{legend|#fc4e2a|100–300 /km²}}|{{legend|#e31a1c|300–1000 /km²}}|{{legend|#bc0026|1000–3000 /km²}}|{{legend|#800026|&gt;3000 /km²}}}}]] [[File:Pretoriase_kunsmuseum_1.jpg|thumb|Letshwao le le kwadilweng ka dipuo tse pedi e leng Seaforikanse le SeNdebele sa Borwa kwa Pretoria Art Museum]] Se-Ndebele sa Borwa, gape se itsiwe ka leina la sone la tlholego isiNdebele, ke puo ya Aforika e e leng ya setlhopha sa Nguni sa dipuo tsa Bantu, e e buiwang ke batho ba SeNdebele ba Aforika Borwa. Ga e a tshwanela go tlhakatlhakanngwa le Northern Ndebele (e e bidiwang Zimbabwean Ndebele kgotsa isiNdebele) kgotsa le Northern Transval Ndebele (e e bidiwang Sumayela Ndebele kgotsa Sindebele) e e buiwang kwa Limpopo kwa mafelong a a jaaka Polokwane (Bhulungwane), Ga-Rathoka (KaSondonga), Ga-Mashashane, Ga Maraba / Kalkspruit, Mokopane (Mghumbane), Zebediela (Sebetiela), e e gaufi thata le Southern Ndebele. == Tshobokanyo == Hisetori ya batho ba MaNdebele (ba Borwa le ba Bokone) e sale e simololwa go tswa kwa go Kgosi Ndebele, Kgosi Ndebele o tsetse Kgosi Mkhalangana, Kgosi Mkhalangana o tsetse Kgosi Mntungwa (e se ka ya tlhakatlhakanngwa le Khumalo Mntungwa, ka gonne o tsetswe ke Mbulazi), Kgosi Mntungwa o tsetse Kgosi Jonono, Kgosi Jonono o tsetse Kgosi Nanasi, Kgosi Nanasi o tsetse Kgosi Mafana, kgosi Mafana o tsetse Kgosi Mhlanga le Tlhogo Libhoko, Kgosi Mhlanga o tsetse Kgosi Musi le Tlhogo Skhube. Se-Ndebele Bangwe ba bomorwawe ba ne ba sala le morafe wa Ba-Hlubi Mkhalangana Bangwe ba bomorwawe ba ne ba ya kwa bokone mme ba bopa morafe wa Kalanga Mntungwa Mosimolodi wa morafe wa amaNtungwa Njonono O tlhokafetse kwa Jononoskop gaufi le Ladysmith Leina la lelapa Jonono ke la morafe wa Hlubi Nanasi O tlhokafetse kwa Jononoskop gaufi le Ladysmith Sefane Nanasi ke wa morafe wa Hlubi Mafana O tlhokafaletse kwa Randfontein (Emhlangeni) Mhlanga O tlhokafetse kwa Randfontein (Emhlangeni) Musi O tlhokafetse kwa kwaMnyamana (Pretoria) Kraal ya Kgosi Musi e ne e le kwa eMhlangeni lefelo le le neng le reeletswe ka rraagwe Mhlanga, leina la lefelo le le itsege jaaka Randfontein (Mohlakeng) mme moragonyana le ne la fudusetswa kwa KwaMnyamana e jaanong e bidiwang Emarula kgotsa Bon Accord kwa Pretoria. Kgosi Musi o ne a nyetse basadi ba bantsi mme a nna le barwa ba ba latelang, Skhosana (Masombuka), Manala (Mbuduma), Ndzundza (Hlungwana), Thombeni (Kekana or Gegana), Sibasa, Mhwaduba (Lekhuleni) le Mphafuli le ba bangwe. Se-Ndebele sa Borwa ke nngwe ya dipuo di le lesome le bobedi tsa semmuso mo Rephaboliking ya Aforika Borwa. Puo e ke ya Nguni kgotsa Zunda classification (UN) e e buiwang bogolo kwa Mpumalanga Province, Gauteng, Limpopo le Bokone Bophirima. Mafoko a a reng isikhethu a ka ranolwa ka tsela e e motlhofo fela go kaya 'tsela ya go dira kana go bua ya Ba-Ndebele ba Borwa.' Isikhethu e raya Southern Ndebele ka tsela e e tshwanang le e sikitsi e tla kayang Swazi le se harona e tla kayang Sesotho. Mo dingwageng tse di fetileng, puo eno e ile ya kgethololwa thata. Go ne go sa kgothalediwe gore batho ba bue puo eno phatlalatsa go fitlha go tlhongwa puso ya tlhaolele ya Southern Ndebele (KwaNdebele). Bontsi jwa batho ba ba buang Se-Ndebele sa Borwa ba ne ba rata Sezulu segolobogolo ka gonne se ne se ithutiwa kwa sekolong. Gompieno batho ba ba buang Se-Ndebele sa Borwa, bontsi jwa bone ba ba rutegileng ba sa ntse ba rata go dirisa Se-Ndebele sa Borwa jaaka puo ya gae ya bana ba bone mme ba tla dirisa Se-Ndebele sa Borwa jaaka puo ya go buisana le batho ba bangwe ba ba buang Se-Ndebele sa Borwa. == Thutamedumo == === Ditumanosi === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Southern Ndebele vowels ! !Front !Back |- style="text-align:center;" !Close |i [i] |u [u] |- style="text-align:center;" !Mid |e [e~ɛ] |o [o~ɔ] |- style="text-align:center;" !Open | colspan="2" |a [a] |} === Ditumammogo === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |+Southern Ndebele consonants ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | ! rowspan="2" |Labial ! colspan="2" |Alveolar ! rowspan="2" |Post-alv./<br /><br />Palatal ! rowspan="2" |Velar ! rowspan="2" |Glottal |- !central !lateral |- ! rowspan="6" |Plosive !ejective |p [pʼ] |t [tʼ] | | |k [kʼ] | |- !aspirated |ph [pʰ] |th [tʰ] | | |kh [kʰ] | |- !devoiced |bh [b̥] |d [d̥] | | |ɡ [ɡ̊] | |- !prenasal |mp [ᵐp] |nt [ⁿt] | | |nk [ᵑk] | |- !prenasal (vd.) |mb [ᵐb] |nd [ⁿd] | | |ng [ᵑɡ] | |- !implosive |b [ɓ] | | | | | |- ! rowspan="5" |Affricate !ejective | |ts [tsʼ] |tl [tɬʼ] |tj [tʃʼ] |kg [kxʼ] | |- !aspirated | |tsh [tsʰ] |tlh [tɬʰ] |tjh [tʃʰ] |kgh [kxʰ] | |- !plain | |dz [dz] | | | | |- !devoiced | | | |j [d̥ʒ] | | |- !prenasal | | | |nj [ᶮdʒ] | | |- ! rowspan="5" |Fricative !plain |f [f] |s [s] |hl [ɬ] | |rh [x] | |- !voiced |v [v] |z [z] |dl [ɮ] | | |h [ɦ] |- !prenasal |mf [ᶬf] | | | | | |- !prenasal (vd.) |mv [ᶬv] | | | | | |- !aspirated | | |dlh [ɮʰ] | | | |- ! colspan="2" |Nasal |m [m] |n [n] | |ny [ɲ] |ngh [ŋ] | |- ! colspan="2" |Liquid | |r [r] |l [l] | | | |- ! colspan="2" |Semivowel |w [w] | | |y [j] | | |} Ditumammogo tsa nt, nd, k, mf, le mv gantsi di felela ka di-allophone tsa [d ⁇ r dr k ⁇  ɱp̪fʼ ɱb̪v]. === Tobetsa ditumammogo === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Southern Ndebele clicks ! colspan="2" | !Dental !Post-<nowiki><br id="mwAZA"></nowiki><nowiki><br></nowiki> alveolar !Lateral |- ! rowspan="2" |<small>voiceless</small> !<small>plain</small> |c [ᵏǀ] |q [ᵏ!] |x [ᵏǁ] |- !<small>aspirated</small> |ch [ᵏǀʰ] |qh [ᵏ!ʰ] | |- ! rowspan="2" |<small>voiced</small> !<small>plain</small> |gc [ᶢǀ] |gq [ᶢ!] | |- !<small>nasalized</small> |nc [ᵑǀ] |nq [ᵑ!] |nx [ᵑǁ] |} == Thutapuo == === Maina === Leina la Se-Ndebele sa Borwa le na le dikarolo tse pedi tsa botlhokwa, e leng seele sa ntlha le karolo ya ntlha. Ka go dirisa maemedi, maina a ka aroganngwa ka ditlhopha tsa maina, tse di balwang ka tatelano, go dira gore go nne motlhofo go a bapisa le dipuo tse dingwe tsa Bantu. Tafole e e latelang e naya kakaretso ya ditlhopha tsa maina a SeNdebele sa Borwa, di rulagantswe go ya ka dipara tsa bong-bontsi. {| class="wikitable" !Class !Singular !Plural |- |1/2 |um(u)-<sup>1</sup> |aba-, abe- |- |1a/2a |u- |abo- |- |3/4 |um(u)-<sup>1</sup> |imi- |- |5/6 |i-, ili-, ilu- |ama- |- |7/8 |is(i)- |iz(i)-, iiN- |- |9/10 |iN- |iiN- |- |14 |ubu-, ub-, utj- | |- |15 |uku- | |- |17 |uku- | |} 1 umu- e emisetsa um- pele ga mafoko a a nang le monosyllabic, jaaka umuntu (motho). Maemedi a dirisa di-affix tse di latelang go tlhalosa motho le selo: {| class="wikitable" !Person/<br /><br />Class !Prefix !Infix |- |1st sing. |ngi- | -ngi- |- |2nd sing. |u- | -wu- |- |1st plur. |si- | -si- |- |2nd plur. |ni- | -ni- |- |1 |u- | -m(u)- |- |2 |ba- | -ba- |- |3 |u- | -m(u)- |- |4 |i- | -yi- |- |5 |li- | -li- |- |6 |a- | -wa- |- |7 |si- | -si- |- |8 |zi- | -zi- |- |9 |i- | -yi- |- |10 |zi- | -zi- |- |14 |bu- | -bu- |- |15 |ku- | -ku- |- |17 |ku- | -ku- |- |reflexive | | -zi- |} == Dikao == Dikgwedi ka isiNdembele {| class="wikitable" !English !Northern Ndebele (Zimbabwe) !Southern Ndebele (South Africa) !Zulu (South Africa) |- |January |uZibandlela |uTjhirhweni |uMasingane |- |February |uNhlolanja |uMhlolanja |uNhlolanja |- |March |uMbimbitho |uNtaka |uNdasa |- |April |uMabasa |uSihlabantangana |UMbasa |- |May |uNkwekwezi |uMrhayili |UNhlaba |- |June |uNhlangula |uMgwengweni |UNhlangulana |- |July |uNtulikazi |uVelabahlinze |uNtulikazi |- |August |uNcwabakazi |uRhoboyi |UNcwaba |- |September |uMpandula |uKhukhulamungu |uMandulo |- |October |uMfumfu |uSewula |uMfumfu |- |November |uLwezi |uSinyikhaba |uLwezi |- |December |uMpalakazi |uNobayeni |uZibandlela |} == MaNdebele kwa Zimbabwe == Se-Ndebele sa Zimbabwe ke karolo ya setlhopha sa dipuo tsa Nguni mme ka jalo se tshwana thata le dipuo tse dingwe tsa Nguni (jaaka Sezulu, Sexhosa le Seswati) tse di nang le maemo a a kwa godimo a go utlwana. Se-Ndebele sa Borwa, ha se ntse se boloka metso ya sona ya Nguni, se ile sa susumetswa ke dipuo tsa Sesotho. == Metswedi == == Metswedi e e kwa ntle == [[Karolo:Puo ya seNdebele ya Borwa]] 5chnr5i0tjstg7cezzld1yu5m1nygcs Tshilafatso ya metsi 0 14987 54667 2026-09-09T08:19:08Z Skwelea 12487 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359224952|Water pollution]]" 54667 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tshilafatso ya metsi''' ke tshilafatso ya metsi, e e nang le ditlamorago tse di sa siamang mo go reng metsi ka dirisiwa jang . <ref name="Von Sperling">{{Cite journal |last=Von Sperling |first=Marcos |date=2007 |title=Wastewater Characteristics, Treatment and Disposal |journal=Water Intelligence Online |series=Biological Wastewater Treatment |publisher=IWA Publishing |volume=6 |doi=10.2166/9781780402086 |isbn=978-1-78040-208-6 |doi-access=free}}</ref>  Gantsi go bakwa ke ditiro tsa batho. Dikgaolo tsa metsi di akaretsa makadiba, [[Noka|dinoka]], mawatle, dikgatiso tsa metsi, matangwana le metsi a ka fa tlase ga lefatshe . Tshilafatso ya metsi e nna gone fa ditshilafatso di tlhakana le metsi ano. Ditshilafatso di ka tswa mo go nngwe ya metswedi e mene e megolo. Tse ke go tshololwa ga kgeleloleswe, ditiro tsa madirelo, ditiro tsa temothuo, le metsi a a elelang kwa ditoropong go akaretsa le metsi a pula . <ref name="Eckenfelder">{{Cite book |year=2000 |title=Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/0471238961 |vauthors=Eckenfelder Jr WW |publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]] |isbn=978-0-471-48494-3 |doi=10.1002/0471238961.1615121205031105.a01}}</ref> Tshilafatso ya metsi e ka ama metsi a boalogodimo kgotsa [[Kgotlelego ya metsi a ka fa tlase ga lefatshe|a ka fa tlase ga lefatshe]] . Mofuta ona wa kgotlelo o ka baka mathata a le mantsintsi. E nngwe ya tsona ke go senyega ga ditshedi tsa mo metsing . Se sengwe ke go anamisa malwetse a a tshelanwang ke metsi fa batho ba dirisa metsi a a tshilafaditsweng go nwa kgotsa go nosetsa . <ref>{{Cite web |date=July 23, 2013 |title=Water Pollution |url=https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/ehep/82-2/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210918005228/https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/ehep/82-2/ |archive-date=September 18, 2021 |access-date=September 18, 2021 |website=Environmental Health Education Program |publisher=[[Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health]]}}</ref> Kgotlelego ya metsi gape e fokotsa ditirelo tsa tikologo jaaka [[metsi a a nowang]] a a tlamel ke motswedi wa metsi . n96tz1q6tvqdtfqswoofguleaqb4ds0 Mansa Musa 0 14988 54668 2026-09-09T08:42:19Z Legodzomela 12497 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1373897461|Mansa Musa]]" 54668 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mansa Musa'''[b] (c. 1280 – c.1337) e ne e le Mansa/Kgosi wa bo robongwe wa Mmusomogolo wa Mali, o o boneng setlhoa sa kgaolo ka nako ya puso ya gagwe. Puso ya ga Musa go le gantsi e bidiwa setlhoa sa matla le seriti sa Mali, le fa a sa bonale thata mo dingwaong tsa molomo tsa Mandinka go gaisa ba ba tlileng pele. Musa o ne a humile thata, go fitlha mo e leng gore batho ba nako eo ba ne ba mo tlhalosa jaaka go huma ka tsela e e sa tlhaloganyesegeng; makazini wa ''[[Time]]'' o ne wa bua gore: "Ga go na tsela e e nepagetseng ya go ba ya palo mo khumong ya gagwe." Ba nopola Moporofesara wa hisetori wa kwa Ferrum College, o buileng gore Mali e ne e e le motlhagisi wa gauta o mogolo ka nako eo, mme "batho ba nako eo ba re dikhumo tsa kgosi di ne di sa kgonege ka nako eo." Go a itsege go tswa go makwalo a selegae le [[Mali]] [[Guinea]], [[Senegal]], [[Mauritania]], Gambia&nbsp; 53e6oewcwd2kvmotd2tffsrhv5o58lm Go ithuta mo inthaneteng mo thutong e e kwa godimo 0 14989 54669 2026-09-09T08:50:59Z Canana12 12484 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1336166700|Online learning in higher education]]" 54669 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Learning-management-system.schon.jpg|thumb| Go ithuta mo inthaneteng ka thulaganyo ya taolo ya go ithuta]] '''Go ithuta ka inthanete''' go akaretsa dithuto tse di neelwang ke ditheo tsa thuto tsa motheo tse di dirwang ka botlalo mo maranyaneng. Thuto ya maranyane, kgotsa go ithuta ka inthanete, go farologana le dithuto tse di tlwaelegileng tse di tsewang mo kagong ya sekolo e e agilweng ka ditena. Ke tlhabololo ya thuto ya go ithuta o le kwa kgakala e e neng ya gola ka dingwaga tsa bo 1990 fa go ne go anama Inthanete ya kgwebo le Webo ya Lefatshe Lotlhe. Maitemogelo a moithuti ka tlwaelo ga a tsamaelane mme gape a ka akaretsa dielemente tse di tsamaelanang. Bontsi jwa ditheo di dirisa tsamaiso ya taolo ya go ithuta go tsamaisa dithuto tsa mo inthaneteng. Jaaka fa dikgopolo tsa thuto ya kgakala di ntse di fetoga, dithekenoloji tsa dijithale tsa go tshegetsa go ithuta le thuto di tswelela go fetoga le tsone. == Hisitori ya go ithuta ka inthanete mo thutong e e kwa godimo kwa United States == Dithuto tsa ntlha tsa go kwalelana di simolotse ka dingwaga tsa bo 1800, go dirisiwa poso ya diphuthelwana go fitlhelela baithuti ba ba neng ba sa kgone go nna mo khamphaseng ya yunibesithi. <ref name=":0" /> Kwa tshimologong ya dingwaga tsa bo 1900, dithekenoloji tsa tlhaeletsano/puisano di ne tsa tokafala, mme thuto ya kgakala e ne ya simolola go dirisa makhubu a radio. Ka 1919, baporofesara ba Yunibesithi ya Wisconsin ba ne ba simolola seteishene sa radio sa batho ba ba sa itseng sepe, mme sa nna seteishene sa ntlha sa radio se se nang le laesense se se neng se ineetse mo kgasong ya mananeo a thuto. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Kentnor |first=H. |year=2015 |title=Distance education and the evolution of online learning in the United States |journal=Curriculum and Teaching Dialogue |volume=17 |pages=21–34}}</ref> Ka bonako fela morago ga moo, phitlhelelo ya thuto e e kwa godimo e ne ya atolosiwa gape ka go tlhamiwa ga thelebishene; mme seno sa tsala se se neng se itsege e le telecourse (Thuto ka thelebishene). Yunibesithi ya Iowa e ne ya simolola go dira diteko ka thelebishene mo maikaelelong a thuto ka dingwaga tsa bo 1930. E ne e le ka dingwaga tsa bo 1950, fa FCC e ne e simolola go beela kwa thoko makhubu a thelebišene gore a dirisetswe maikaelelo a thuto, moo dithuto tsa thelebišene di neng tsa simolola go ngoka kgatlhego ya setšhaba. Boleng jwa thelebišene mo thutong bo ne jwa tsweletswa pele ke go tlhongwa ga Koporasi ya Kgaso ya Setšhaba (CPB) ka 1967. Thomo ya CPB e ne e le "go rotloetsa kgolo le tlhabololo ya kgaso ya radio le thelebišene ya setšhaba, go akaretsa le tiriso ya bobegakgang jo bo ntseng jalo mo maikaelelo a go ruta, a thuto le a setso" (jaaka go nopotswe mo go, <ref name=":0" /> ts.&nbsp;27). Thuto ya maranyane e simolotse ka 1982 fa Setheo sa Bophirima sa Disaense tsa Boitshwaro kwa La Jolla, California se ne se bula Sekolo sa sone sa Botsamaisi le Dithuto tsa Togamaano. Sekolo seno se ne sa dirisa dikopano tsa dikhomputara go naya batsamaisi ba dikgwebo lenaneo la thuto ya kgakala. Go simolola ka 1985, Connected Education e ne ya ntsha dikirii ya ntlha ya masetase e e dirwang mo maranyaneng mo dithutong tsa bobegakgang, ka Sekolo se Sesha kwa New York City, gape ka khonferense ya khomputara. <ref name="T.H.E.">{{Cite web |last=Withrow |first=Frank |date=June 1, 1997 |title=Technology in Education and the Next Twenty-Five Years -- THE Journal |url=http://thejournal.com/Articles/1997/06/01/Technology-in-Education-and-the-Next-TwentyFive-Years.aspx |website=T.H.E. Journal}}</ref><ref name="Netweaver">{{Cite web |last=Gail S. Thomas |date=1988-02-01 |title=Connected Education, Inc. |url=http://cgi.gjhost.com/~cgi/mt/netweaverarchive/000144.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080827214245/http://cgi.gjhost.com/~cgi/mt/netweaverarchive/000144.html |archive-date=2008-08-27 |access-date=2008-08-25 |website=Netweaver |publisher=Electronic Networking Association}}</ref> Dingwaga di le mmalwa moragonyana, ka 1989, Yunibesithi ya Phoenix e ne ya simolola go neela mananeo a thuto ka inthanete. Ka 1993, fa go ne go tlhagisiwa sebatli sa ntlha sa webosaete sa Internet, se se neng se tlhamilwe ke Yunibesithi ya Illinois, thuto ya maranyane e ne ya simolola go gola le go anama thata. <ref name=":9">{{Cite book |last=Miller |first=Gary |year=204 |title=Leading the e-learning transformation of higher education |last2=Benke |first2=Meg |last3=Chaloux |first3=Bruce |last4=Ragan |first4=Lawrence C. |last5=Schroeder |first5=Raymond |last6=Smutz |first6=Wayne |last7=Swan |first7=Karen |publisher=Stylus |isbn=978-1-57922-796-8 |location=Sterling, Virginia}}</ref> Ka 1998, go ne ga tlhomiwa mananeo a mangwe a thuto ya maranyane: Yunibesithi ya New York mo Inthaneteng, Yunibesithi ya Mmusisi wa Bophirima, Yunibesithi ya California ya Virtual <ref name=":9" /> le Yunibesithi ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Trident. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Company Overview of Trident University International |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=36058432 |website=www.bloomberg.com |language=EN}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Trident University International LLC Overview |url=https://www.bbb.org/sdoc/business-reviews/schools-academic-colleges-and-universities/trident-university-international-llc-in-cypress-ca-13166646 |website=www.bbb.org |language=EN}}</ref> Lenaneo la Boeteledipele jwa Thekenoloji ya Thuto, ka Sekolo sa Dialogane sa Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Batho kwa Yunibesithing ya George Washington, le ne la simolola go neela dikirii ya Masetase ka1992. Lenaneo le, le le neng la tlhamiwa ke Dr. William Lynch, kwa tshimologong le ne le neela diteng tsa dithuto ka tirisanommogo le Yunibesithi ya Katoloso ya Tlhaloganyo ya Jones Intercable (ME/U). Ditlelase di ne di gasiwa ka sathalaete bosigo thata, mme moithuti o ne a buisana ka thulaganyo ya Boto ya Dikitsiso. Setlhopha sa bone sa ntlha sa baithuti se ne sa aloga ka Motsheganong, 1994. Kwa tshimologong ya 1996, Bill Robie o ne a fetolela Lenaneo la ETL kwa Inthaneteng koo lenaneo la dikirii ya dialogane le neng le neelwa ka botlalo mo inthaneteng. O ne a kopanya setlhopha sa didirisiwa tse di theilweng mo webong le ditsebe tsa HTML tse di neng di letlelela gore baithuti le legoro ba kgone go buisana ka tsela e e sa tsamaisaneng le nako, go neelwa ga dithuto, dibokoso tsa di tsenya ditiro, le dikarolo tse dingwe tse fa e sa le ka nako eo di fetogileng didirisiwa tsa konokono tsa ditsamaiso tsa taolo ya dikhoso. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Educom Review |url=https://www.educause.edu/apps/er/review/reviewArticles/29626.html}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=http://www.gwu.edu/~etl/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19970301032852/http://www.gwu.edu/~etl/ |archive-date=1 March 1997 |access-date=12 January 2022 |website=www.gwu.edu}}</ref> a0feach20o4u9m3bnh9bajz7l8f3c2k Goreng batho ba tshaba phetogo 0 14990 54670 2026-09-09T09:10:39Z Stumatha 12502 Ke tlhamile athikele ka gore ke goreng batho ba tshaba phetogo 54670 wikitext text/x-wiki == Ke Goreng Batho ba Tshaba Phetogo? == '''Phetogo''' ke karolo ya botlhokwa ya botshelo. Botshelo jwa motho bo nna le diphetogo mo dikarolong tse di farologaneng, jaaka mo thutong, mo tirong, mo botsalanong, mo lelapeng le mo setšhabeng. Le fa phetogo e ka tlisa ditshono tse dintle, batho ba le bantsi ba a e tshaba kgotsa ba e ganetsa. Seno se dira gore go nne botlhokwa go tlhaloganya gore ke goreng batho ba tshaba phetogo le gore ba ka dira eng go lebagana le yone.<ref>American Psychological Association. (2025). ''Navigating change: Understanding and overcoming feelings of uncertainty and loss''</ref> '''Sa ntlha, batho ba tshaba phetogo ka gonne ba boifa se ba sa se itseng.''' Fa motho a tlwaetse tsela nngwe ya go tshela kgotsa go dira dilo, phetogo e ka dira gore a se ka a itse gore bokamoso bo tla nna jang. Dipatlisiso di bontsha gore go sa tlhomamisege ka phetogo go ka amana le dipotso tse di jaaka gore phetogo ke eng, e tla diragala jang, e tla thusa ka eng le gore e tla ama motho jang. Ka jalo, motho a ka bona go le botoka go nna mo seemong se a se itseng go na le go tsena mo seemong se sesha se a sa se itseng.<ref>Yin, Y., Mueller, J., & Wakslak, C. (2024). ''Understanding How People React to Change: A Domain of Uncertainty Approach.'' Academy of Management Annals</ref> '''Sa bobedi, batho ba tshaba go latlhegelwa ke taolo.''' Phetogo e ka dira gore motho a ikutlwe gore ga a tlhole a kgona go laola se se tla diragalang mo botshelong jwa gagwe. Patlisiso e bontsha gore go sa tlhomamisege mo nakong ya diphetogo go ka oketsa kgatelelo ya maikutlo, segolo jang fa motho a ikutlwa a se na taolo. Ka sekai, motho yo o fetolelwang mo tirong e nngwe a ka tshwenyega ka gore a tla kgona go dira tiro e ntšha kgotsa nnyaa.<ref>Godefroid, M.-E., Plattfaut, R., & Niehaves, B. (2023). ''How to measure the status quo bias? A review of current literature.'' Management Review Quarterly, 73, 1667–1711. </ref> '''Sa boraro, batho ba rata dilo tse ba di tlwaetseng.''' Go tlwaela sengwe go dira gore motho a ikutlwe a sireletsegile. Fa go tla phetogo, mokgwa ono o o tlwaelegileng o a tshwenngwa. Mo saenseng ya maitshwaro, seno se tlhalosiwa ka kgopolo ya ''status quo bias'', e leng go rata go boloka seemo se se leng teng go na le go se fetola. Ka jalo, le fa phetogo e ka nna le melemo, motho a ka nna a e gana ka gonne a ikutlwa a phuthologile mo seemong sa gagwe sa jaanong.<ref>Bordia, P., Hunt, E., Paulsen, N., Tourish, D., & DiFonzo, N. (2004/2007). ''Uncertainty during organizational change: Is it all about control?'' European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 13(3), 345–365. </ref> '''Sa bone, batho ba tshaba go latlhegelwa ke dilo tse ba di botlhokwa.''' Phetogo ga se fela go amogela sengwe se sesha; ka dinako dingwe e raya go tlogela sengwe sa bogologolo. Go ya ka American Psychological Association, batho ba ka tshwenyega ka go latlhegelwa ke polokesego, kgololosego, maemo, kamano le ba bangwe kgotsa maikutlo a tekatekano le tshiamo. Ka sekai, fa mokgatlho o fetola tsela e o dirang dilo ka yone, bangwe ba ka tshaba gore maemo a bone kgotsa maatla a bone a tla fokotsega.<ref>Bordia, P., Hobman, E., Jones, E., Gallois, C., & Callan, V. J. (2004). ''Uncertainty During Organizational Change: Types, Consequences, and Management Strategies.'' Journal of Business and Psychology, 18, 507–532.</ref> '''Sa botlhano, batho ba tshaba gore ba ka palelwa.''' Phetogo gantsi e tlhoka gore motho a ithute dilo tse disha. Seno se ka dira gore motho a ipotse gore: ''“A ke tla kgona?”'' kgotsa ''“Go tweng fa ke ka palelwa?”'' Tšhogo ya go palelwa e ka dira gore motho a nne mo seemong se a se tlwaetseng, le fa seemo seo se sa tlhole se mo thusa. Patlisiso ka phetogo e bontsha gore phetogo e ka dira gore batho ba nne le matshwenyego ka bokgoni jwa bone le ka diphelelo tsa sengwe se sesha.<ref>Yin, Y., Mueller, J., & Wakslak, C. (2024). ''Understanding How People React to Change: A Domain of Uncertainty Approach.'' Academy of Management Annals. </ref> '''Gape, tikologo ya motho e ka ama tsela e a amogelang phetogo ka yone.''' Fa batho ba bangwe ba mo tikologong ba tshaba phetogo, motho le ene a ka simolola go e tshaba. Ka fa letlhakoreng le lengwe, fa batho ba tlhalosediwa mabaka a phetogo sentle mme ba newa sebaka sa go nna karolo ya ditshwetso, go ka fokotsa go sa tlhomamisege le go oketsa maikutlo a taolo. <ref>Yin, Y., Mueller, J., & Wakslak, C. (2024). ''Understanding How People React to Change: A Domain of Uncertainty Approach.'' Academy of Management Annals.</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, '''go tshaba phetogo ga go reye gore motho o bokoa.''' Ke karabelo e e ka tlhaloganngwang fa motho a lebane le sengwe se se sa tlhomamang kgotsa se se ka mo amang thata. Bothata bo nna teng fa poifo eo e dira gore motho a se ka a tsaya ditshono tse di ka mo tlisetsang kgolo. Phetogo e ka thusa motho go ithuta bokgoni jo bosha, go tokafatsa botshelo jwa gagwe le go lepalepana le maemo a a fetogang. Gore batho ba kgone go amogela phetogo, go botlhokwa gore ba '''batle tshedimosetso, ba tlhaloganye lebaka la phetogo, ba bue ka dilo tse ba tshwenyegileng ka tsone, mme ba tseye phetogo ka dikgato tse dinnye'''. Gape go botlhokwa go lemoga gore ga se sengwe le sengwe se re ka se laolang, mme re ka ithuta go laola tsela e re arabelang ka yone fa maemo a fetoga.<ref>Yin, Y., Mueller, J., & Wakslak, C. (2024). ''Understanding How People React to Change: A Domain of Uncertainty Approach.'' Academy of Management Annals. </ref> '''Ka bokhutlo''', batho ba tshaba phetogo ka mabaka a le mantsi, go akaretsa poifo ya se ba sa se itseng, go latlhegelwa ke taolo, go tlogela dilo tse ba di tlwaetseng, go latlhegelwa ke dilo tse ba di botlhokwa le poifo ya go palelwa. Le fa phetogo e ka tshosa, ke karolo e e sa tilweng ya botshelo. Fa motho a ithuta go tlhaloganya poifo ya gagwe, a batla tshedimosetso mme a nna le maikutlo a gore a ka kgona go lebagana le phetogo, go nna bonolo go e amogela le go bona ditshono tse e ka di tlisang.<ref>Bordia, P., Hobman, E., Jones, E., Gallois, C., & Callan, V. J. (2004). ''Uncertainty During Organizational Change: Types, Consequences, and Management Strategies.'' Journal of Business and Psychology, 18, 507–532.</ref> === Dibuka le Metswedi ya Tshupiso === # American Psychological Association. (2025). ''Navigating change: Understanding and overcoming feelings of uncertainty and loss.'' # Yin, Y., Mueller, J., & Wakslak, C. (2024). ''Understanding How People React to Change: A Domain of Uncertainty Approach.'' Academy of Management Annals. # Godefroid, M.-E., Plattfaut, R., & Niehaves, B. (2023). ''How to measure the status quo bias? A review of current literature.'' Management Review Quarterly, 73, 1667–1711. # Bordia, P., Hunt, E., Paulsen, N., Tourish, D., & DiFonzo, N. (2004/2007). ''Uncertainty during organizational change: Is it all about control?'' European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 13(3), 345–365. # Bordia, P., Hobman, E., Jones, E., Gallois, C., & Callan, V. J. (2004). ''Uncertainty During Organizational Change: Types, Consequences, and Management Strategies.'' Journal of Business and Psychology, 18, 507–532. [[Karolo:Diphetogo]] i710zevqooh5zoldzqqfio18oiqnaze A katlego e ikaegile thata ka go dira ka natla kgotsa ka ditshono 0 14991 54671 2026-09-09T09:26:03Z Stumatha 12502 Ke tlahmile athikile ya gore "A katlego e ikaegile thata ka go dira ka natla kgotsa ka ditshono" 54671 wikitext text/x-wiki = A Katlego e Ikaegile Thata ka go Dira ka Natla kgotsa ka Ditshono? = '''Katlego''' ke selo se batho ba le bantsi ba se eletsang mo botshelong. Batho ba batla go atlega mo dithutong, mo tirong, mo dikgwebong le mo matshelong a bone ka kakaretso. Gantsi re utlwa batho ba re motho o atlega ka gonne o dira ka natla. Le fa go ntse jalo, go na le batho ba bangwe ba ba dumelang gore katlego ga e ikaegile fela ka matsapa a motho, mme ditshono, maemo a botshelo, lelapa, thuto, lefelo le motho a belegelwang mo go lone le lesego le tsone di na le seabe. Ka jalo, potso e e botlhokwa ke gore: '''A katlego e ikaegile thata ka go dira ka natla kgotsa ka ditshono?'''<ref>OECD. (2023). ''Hard work, privilege or luck? Exploring people’s views of what matters most to get ahead in life.'' OECD Policy Insights on Well-being, Inclusion and Equal Opportunity, No. 12.</ref> == Go dira ka natla go botlhokwa mo katlegong == Go dira ka natla ke nngwe ya dilo tse di ka thusang motho go fitlhelela maikaelelo a gagwe. Motho yo o dirang ka natla o nna le sebaka se segolo sa go tokafatsa kitso, bokgoni le maitemogelo a gagwe. Mo sekolong, sekai, moithuti yo o ithutang ka metlha, a dira tiro ya sekolo mme a ipaakanyetsa ditlhatlhobo a ka oketsa menyetla ya go dira sentle.<ref>World Bank. (2018). ''Fair Progress? Economic Mobility across Generations Around the World.'' World Bank.</ref> Le mo tirong, go dira ka natla go ka dira gore motho a itsewe ka boikanyego le bokgoni. Motho a ka simolola kwa tlase mme a tswelela a ithuta, a tsaya maikarabelo a mantsi mme a aga bokgoni jo bo ka mo thusang go gatela pele. Patlisiso ya OECD ya dinaga di le 27 e fitlhetse gore, ka palogare, diperesente di le 60 tsa batho ba ba botsolotsweng ba dumela gore go dira ka natla go botlhokwa kgotsa go botlhokwa thata mo go tlhomeng maemo a motho mo setšhabeng. Le fa go ntse jalo, ke karolo e nnye fela ya bone e e dumelang gore go dira ka natla ke sone fela se se tlhokegang gore motho a atlege.<ref>Burns, J., & Keswell, M. (2014). ''Life chances and class: Estimating inequality of opportunity for children and adolescents in South Africa.'' Development Southern Africa.</ref> Seno se bontsha gore matsapa a motho a botlhokwa, mme ga se one fela a a dirang gore katlego e nne teng. == Ditshono le tsone di botlhokwa == Le fa motho a ka dira ka natla, a ka nna a tlhoka ditshono tse di siameng gore matsapa a gagwe a ungwe. Tshono e ka nna go bona thuto e e siameng, go bona tiro, go kopana le motho yo o ka go thusang, go nna mo lefelong le le nang le ditirelo tse di siameng kgotsa go bona madi a go simolola kgwebo.<ref>Daniels, J., & Wang, M. (2019). ''What do you think? Success: is it luck or is it hard work?'' Applied Economics Letters, 26(21), 1734–1738.</ref> World Bank e bontsha gore maemo a motho a belegelwang mo go one a ka ama thata menyetla ya gagwe ya ikonomi. Fa batho ba belegelwa mo malapeng kgotsa mo mafelong a a nang le ditshono tse di farologaneng, menyetla ya bone ya go fitlhelela katlego le yone e ka farologana.<ref>World Bank. (2018). ''Fair Progress? Economic Mobility across Generations Around the World.'' World Bank.</ref> Ka sekai, bana ba babedi ba ka nna le bokgoni jo bo tshwanang mme ba dira ka natla ka tekatekano. Le fa go ntse jalo, yo mongwe a ka nna le batsadi ba ba kgonang go mo duelela sekolo se se siameng, dibuka, inthanete le dithuto tse di oketsegileng, fa yo mongwe a se na dilo tseo. Ka jalo, le fa boobabedi ba dira ka natla, ditshono tse ba nang le tsone di ka dira gore matsapa a bone a nne le diphelelo tse di farologaneng.<ref>Burns, J., & Keswell, M. (2014). ''Life chances and class: Estimating inequality of opportunity for children and adolescents in South Africa.'' Development Southern Africa.</ref> == Lelapa le maemo a botshelo a ka ama katlego == Lelapa le tikologo le tsone di na le seabe mo katlegong. Ngwana yo o tswang mo lelapeng le le nang le botsalano, dijo tse di lekaneng, thuto e e siameng le tshegetso a ka nna le sebaka se se botoka sa go tokafatsa bokgoni jwa gagwe. Ka fa letlhakoreng le lengwe, ngwana yo o tswang mo lelapeng le le humanegileng a ka lebana le dikgoreletsi tse dintsi le fa a dira ka natla.<ref>Daniels, J., & Wang, M. (2019). ''What do you think? Success: is it luck or is it hard work?'' Applied Economics Letters, 26(21), 1734–1738.</ref> Patlisiso e e lebeletseng maemo a bana le ditshono mo Aforika Borwa e bontsha gore maemo a loago le ikonomi le a lelapa a ka ama ''life chances'' tsa bana le bokgoni jwa bone jwa go fitlhelela ditshono tsa thuto le botshelo.<ref>World Bank. (2018). ''Fair Progress? Economic Mobility across Generations Around the World.'' World Bank.</ref> Seno ga se reye gore motho yo o humanegileng ga a ka ke a atlega. Go na le batho ba le bantsi ba ba tswang mo maemong a a thata mme ba fitlhelela dilo tse dikgolo. Se se botlhokwa ke gore tsela ya bone e ka nna thata go feta ya motho yo o simololang a na le ditshono tse dintsi.<ref>OECD. (2023). ''Hard work, privilege or luck? Exploring people’s views of what matters most to get ahead in life.'' OECD Policy Insights on Well-being, Inclusion and Equal Opportunity, No. 12.</ref> == Lesego kgotsa tshono e e sa solofelwang le yone e ka nna botlhokwa == Ka dinako dingwe motho o ka dira ka natla mme a kopana le tshono e e fetolang botshelo jwa gagwe. Sekai, motho a ka kopana le motho yo o mo nayang tiro, a bona bursary, a newa madi a go simolola kgwebo kgotsa a kopana le moreki yo mogolo. Dilo tse di ntseng jalo ga di ikaegile ka matsapa fela; ka dinako dingwe di tlhaga ka tshono.<ref>Archer, L., Francis, B., Henderson, M., Holmegaard, H., Macleod, E., Moote, J., & Watson, E. (2024). ''Get lucky? Luck and educational mobility in working-class young people’s lives from age 10–21.'' British Journal of Sociology of Education, 44(5), 843–859</ref> Patlisiso e e dirilweng ka basha ba ba tswang mo malapeng a badiri e ne ya bontsha gore “lesego” kgotsa ditiragalo tse di sa solofelwang di ka thusa go bula ditsela tsa go gatela pele mo thutong le mo botshelong. Patlisiso eno e ne e ikaegile ka dipuisano tse di fetang 200 tse di neng tsa dirwa mo lobakeng lwa dingwaga di le 11.<ref>Archer, L., Francis, B., Henderson, M., Holmegaard, H., Macleod, E., Moote, J., & Watson, E. (2024). ''Get lucky? Luck and educational mobility in working-class young people’s lives from age 10–21.'' British Journal of Sociology of Education, 44(5), 843–859</ref> Ka jalo, ga go a siama go tsaya katlego yotlhe jaaka sengwe se motho a se fitlheletseng ka matsapa a gagwe fela.<ref>Daniels, J., & Wang, M. (2019). ''What do you think? Success: is it luck or is it hard work?'' Applied Economics Letters, 26(21), 1734–1738.</ref> == Le fa go ntse jalo, ditshono fela ga di a lekana == Le fa ditshono di le botlhokwa, ga di reye gore motho o tla atlega ntle le go dira. Fa motho a newa tshono mme a sa e dirise, tshono eo e ka nna ya se ka ya mo thusa. Ka sekai, moithuti a ka newa bursary ya go tsena kwa yunibesithi, mme fa a sa ithute kgotsa a sa dirise tshono eo sentle, a ka nna a se ka a fitlhelela maikaelelo a gagwe.<ref>Daniels, J., & Wang, M. (2019). ''What do you think? Success: is it luck or is it hard work?'' Applied Economics Letters, 26(21), 1734–1738.</ref> Seno se bontsha gore '''ditshono le matsapa di a thusana'''. Tshono e ka bula kgoro, mme go dira ka natla go ka thusa motho go tsena mo kgorong eo le go dirisa se a se boneng.<ref>Daniels, J., & Wang, M. (2019). ''What do you think? Success: is it luck or is it hard work?'' Applied Economics Letters, 26(21), 1734–1738.</ref> == Go dira ka natla ga go kake ga rarabolola dikgoreletsi tsotlhe == Go botlhokwa gape go lemoga gore ka dinako dingwe batho ba dira ka natla mme ba sa atlege ka bonako. Patlisiso ya ga Wooten e bontsha gore batho ba ba tswang mo malapeng a a humanegileng ba ka kopana le maemo a a dirang gore matsapa a bone a se ka a ba ntsha mo mathateng a ikonomi. Patlisiso eno e bitsa seno “effort traps”, moo motho a ka dirang ka natla thata mme maemo a a mo dikologileng a bo a dira gore matsapa ao a se ka a mo isa kwa katlegong e a e solofetseng.<ref>OECD. (2023). ''Hard work, privilege or luck? Exploring people’s views of what matters most to get ahead in life.'' OECD Policy Insights on Well-being, Inclusion and Equal Opportunity, No. 12.</ref> Ka jalo, go botlhokwa gore re se ka ra atlola motho yo o sa atlegang ka go re “ga a a dira ka natla.” Ka dinako dingwe go ka nna le dikgoreletsi tse motho a sa kgoneng go di laola.<ref>Archer, L., Francis, B., Henderson, M., Holmegaard, H., Macleod, E., Moote, J., & Watson, E. (2024). ''Get lucky? Luck and educational mobility in working-class young people’s lives from age 10–21.'' British Journal of Sociology of Education, 44(5), 843–859</ref> == Ka fa Aforika Borwa, ditshono di botlhokwa thata == Kgang eno e botlhokwa thata mo Aforika Borwa ka gonne batho ga ba simolole botshelo ba na le maemo a a tshwanang. Phitlhelelo ya thuto, tiro, ditirelo tsa motheo le ditshono tsa ikonomi e ka farologana go ya ka lelapa le lefelo le motho a tswang mo go lone.<ref>Wooten, T. (2025). ''Effort Traps: Socially Structured Striving and the Reproduction of Disadvantage.'' American Journal of Sociology, 130(2).</ref> World Bank e bontshitse gore mo dinageng tse dintsi tse di tlhabologang, go akaretsa dinaga tsa Aforika, motsamao wa loago le ikonomi go ka nna kwa tlase, mme maemo a motho a belegelwang mo go one a ka ama thata menyetla ya gagwe ya go tlhatloga mo botshelong. Gape, ditshono tse di lekanang di ka tokafatsa motsamao wa batho fa di tshegediwa ke matsete a botlhe le dipholisi tse di siameng.<ref>World Bank. (2018). ''Fair Progress? Economic Mobility across Generations Around the World.'' World Bank.</ref> Ka jalo, go aga setšhaba se se nang le ditshono tse di lekanang go botlhokwa gore batho ba kgone go bona maduo a matsapa a bone.<ref>Wooten, T. (2025). ''Effort Traps: Socially Structured Striving and the Reproduction of Disadvantage.'' American Journal of Sociology, 130(2).</ref> == Bokhutlo == Fa re araba potso e e reng, '''“A katlego e ikaegile thata ka go dira ka natla kgotsa ka ditshono?”''', karabo ke gore '''katlego e tlhoka tsotlhe tsoopedi: go dira ka natla le go nna le ditshono'''. Go dira ka natla go thusa motho go godisa bokgoni, go fitlhelela maikaelelo le go dirisa ditshono tse a di bonang. Le fa go ntse jalo, ditshono tsa thuto, maemo a lelapa, lefelo le motho a tswang mo go lone, dikgokagano le ditiragalo tse di sa solofelwang le tsone di ka ama diphelelo tsa matsapa a gagwe.<ref>Archer, L., Francis, B., Henderson, M., Holmegaard, H., Macleod, E., Moote, J., & Watson, E. (2024). ''Get lucky? Luck and educational mobility in working-class young people’s lives from age 10–21.'' British Journal of Sociology of Education, 44(5), 843–859</ref> Ka jalo, ga go a siama go re motho mongwe le mongwe yo o atlegileng o atlegile fela ka gonne o dirile ka natla, kgotsa gore motho yo o sa atlegang ga a a dira ka natla. Katlego gantsi e nna '''kopano ya matsapa a motho, ditshono tse a di bonang le maemo a a tshelang mo go one'''. Setšhaba se se batlang gore batho ba atlege se tshwanetse go rotloetsa go dira ka natla, mme gape se tshwanetse go dira gore ditshono tsa botlhokwa—segolo jang thuto le tiro—di fitlhele batho ba le bantsi ka tekatekano.<ref>Archer, L., Francis, B., Henderson, M., Holmegaard, H., Macleod, E., Moote, J., & Watson, E. (2024). ''Get lucky? Luck and educational mobility in working-class young people’s lives from age 10–21.'' British Journal of Sociology of Education, 44(5), 843–859</ref> === Ditshupiso === # OECD. (2023). ''Hard work, privilege or luck? Exploring people’s views of what matters most to get ahead in life.'' OECD Policy Insights on Well-being, Inclusion and Equal Opportunity, No. 12. # World Bank. (2018). ''Fair Progress? Economic Mobility across Generations Around the World.'' World Bank. # Archer, L., Francis, B., Henderson, M., Holmegaard, H., Macleod, E., Moote, J., & Watson, E. (2024). ''Get lucky? Luck and educational mobility in working-class young people’s lives from age 10–21.'' British Journal of Sociology of Education, 44(5), 843–859. # Wooten, T. (2025). ''Effort Traps: Socially Structured Striving and the Reproduction of Disadvantage.'' American Journal of Sociology, 130(2). # Daniels, J., & Wang, M. (2019). ''What do you think? Success: is it luck or is it hard work?'' Applied Economics Letters, 26(21), 1734–1738. # Burns, J., & Keswell, M. (2014). ''Life chances and class: Estimating inequality of opportunity for children and adolescents in South Africa.'' Development Southern Africa. [[Karolo:Katlego]] 6610rz8elu1a8uz1cqxcr3hnyn0ql18 Ditlhare 0 14992 54672 2026-09-09T09:48:25Z Stumatha 12502 Ke tlhamile athikele ka "Ditlhare" le botlhokwa jwa tsona 54672 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Ditlhare.jpg|thumb|Botlhokwa jwa ditlhare]] = BOTLHOKWA JWA DITLHARE MO BOTSHILONG LE MO TIKOLOGONG = '''Ditlhare''' ke karolo ya botlhokwa ya tikologo le botshelo jwa batho. Re di fitlhela mo metseng, mo masimong, mo dithabeng le mo dikgweng. Gantsi batho ba bona setlhare e le selo fela se se ntshang moriti kgotsa se se kgabisang lefelo, mme tota ditlhare di na le mosola o mogolo thata mo tikologong, mo botshelong jwa batho, mo ikonoming le mo go sireletseng ditshedi tse dingwe. Ka jalo, go botlhokwa gore batho ba itse boleng jwa ditlhare mme ba di sireletse.<ref>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). (2026). ''Forests.'' FAO – Forests</ref> == Ditlhare di thusa go phepafatsa mowa == Nngwe ya ditiro tsa botlhokwa tsa ditlhare ke go thusa go tokafatsa boleng jwa mowa. Ditlhare di monya khabone daeokosaete mme di thusa go boloka khabone, fa gape di thusa go fokotsa dingwe tsa dilo tse di kotsi mo mouweng. Mokgatlho wa Lefatshe wa Botsogo (WHO) o tlhalosa gore ditlhare le mafelo a matala di ka thusa go sefa kgotlelo ya mowa, go akaretsa dikarolwana tse dinnye tse di tsamayang mo mouweng.<ref>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). (2026). ''Forests.'' FAO – Forests</ref> Seno se botlhokwa thata mo metseng e megolo kwa go nang le dikoloi, difeme le ditiro tse dingwe tse di ka oketsang kgotlelo ya mowa. Ka jalo, go nna le ditlhare tse dintsi mo metseng go ka thusa go dira gore tikologo e nne botoka.<ref>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). (2026). ''Forests.'' FAO – Forests</ref> == Ditlhare di thusa go lwantsha phetogo ya maemo a loapi == Ditlhare di na le seabe se segolo mo go lwantsheng phetogo ya maemo a loapi. Di monya le go boloka khabone, e leng nngwe ya digase tse di amanang le go gotela ga lefatshe. FAO e tlhalosa gore dikgwa le ditlhare di na le seabe mo go fokotseng ditlamorago tsa phetogo ya maemo a loapi le go thusa batho le tikologo go itshokela diphetogo tseo.<ref>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). ''Forests for food security, nutrition and human health.'' FAO – Forests for food security</ref> Fa re sireletsa dikgwa le go jala ditlhare tse dingwe, re thusa go boloka khabone mo dimeleng le mo mmung. Seno se dira gore ditlhare e nne karolo ya botlhokwa ya maiteko a go sireletsa tikologo.<ref>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). ''Forests for food security, nutrition and human health.'' FAO – Forests for food security</ref> == Ditlhare di sireletsa mmu le metsi == Ditlhare di thusa go sireletsa mmu gore o se ka wa gogolwa ke metsi kgotsa phefo. Medi ya ditlhare e tshwara mmu mme e thusa gore o se ka wa gogolwa motlhofo. Gape dikgwa le ditlhare di thusa go sireletsa mafelo a metsi le metsi a a phepa.<ref>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). ''Forests for food security, nutrition and human health.'' FAO – Forests for food security</ref> FAO e tlhalosa gore dikgwa le ditlhare di sireletsa metswedi ya metsi le mmu, di thusa mo go bopeng le mo go nonotsheng mmu, mme gape di thusa go laola maemo a loapi.<ref>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). ''Forests for food security, nutrition and human health.'' FAO – Forests for food security</ref> Seno se botlhokwa mo temothuong ka gonne mmu o o nonneng le metsi a a phepa ke dilo tse di tlhokegang gore batho ba kgone go lema dijo.<ref>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). ''Forests for food security, nutrition and human health.'' FAO – Forests for food security</ref> == Ditlhare di sireletsa diphologolo le dimela == Ditlhare ke legae la diphologolo le ditshedi tse dintsi. Dinonyane, ditshenekegi le diphologolo tse dingwe di dirisa ditlhare go aga dintlhaga, go bona dijo le go iphitlha mo diphologolong tse di ka di jang. Dikgwa di na le bontsi jo bogolo jwa ditshedi tsa lefatshe.<ref>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). ''Sustainable Forest Management.'' FAO – Sustainable Forest Management</ref> FAO e tlhalosa gore dikgwa di tshwere karolo e kgolo thata ya ditshedi tse di fitlhelwang mo lefatsheng mme di thusa go sireletsa mefuta e e farologaneng ya ditshedi.<ref>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). ''Sustainable Forest Management.'' FAO – Sustainable Forest Management</ref> Ka jalo, fa ditlhare di remiwa ka bontsi ntle le go jalwa gape, re ka latlhegelwa ke mafelo a diphologolo le dimela di tshelang mo go one. Go sireletsa ditlhare ka jalo go thusa go sireletsa '''biodiversity''', kgotsa mefuta e e farologaneng ya botshelo.<ref>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). ''Sustainable Forest Management.'' FAO – Sustainable Forest Management</ref> == Ditlhare di botlhokwa mo botshelong jwa batho == Ditlhare ga di thuse tikologo fela; di thusa le batho ka botsogo. Mafelo a matala le ditlhare di ka thusa batho go ikhutsa, go dira boitlosobodutu le go fokotsa kgatelelo ya maikutlo. WHO e bontsha gore go nna gaufi le mafelo a matala go ka thusa mo botsogong jwa mmele le jwa tlhaloganyo, go fokotsa kgatelelo ya maikutlo le go rotloetsa go itshidila mmele.<ref>World Health Organization (WHO). (2016). ''Urban green spaces and health.'' WHO – Urban green spaces and health</ref> Patlisiso e e sekasekileng dithuto di le dintsi ka ditlhare tsa ditoropo e fitlhetse gore go nna gaufi le ditlhare go ka amana le melemo e e farologaneng ya botsogo, go akaretsa go fokotsega ga kgatelelo ya maikutlo le mathata mangwe a tikologo.<ref>World Health Organization (WHO). (2016). ''Urban green spaces and health.'' WHO – Urban green spaces and health</ref> Ka jalo, ditlhare tse di mo dikolong, mo diphakeng, mo mebileng le mo mafelong a bonno di ka dira gore batho ba nne le mafelo a mantle a go ikhutsa le go dira ditiro tsa letsatsi le letsatsi.<ref>World Health Organization (WHO). (2016). ''Urban green spaces and health.'' WHO – Urban green spaces and health</ref> == Ditlhare di re naya dijo le dilo tse dingwe tse di tlhokegang == Ditlhare dingwe di re naya maungo le dijo tse di farologaneng. Gape dikgwa di re naya dilo tse di jaaka dikgong, ditlhare tsa melemo le dikungo tse dingwe tsa tlhago. FAO e bontsha gore dikgwa di thusa mo pabalesong ya dijo le phepo, mme dikungo tsa dikgwa di ka nna motswedi wa dijo, melemo le lotseno mo malapeng a le mantsi.<ref>Wolf, K. L., et al. (2020). ''Urban Trees and Human Health: A Scoping Review.'' International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(12), 4371. PubMed – Urban Trees and Human Health</ref> Mo mafelong a magae, batho bangwe ba ikaega ka dikgwa le ditlhare go bona dikgong tsa go besa, dijo, ditholwana le dilo tse dingwe tse di ka ba thusang mo botshelong. Ka jalo, ditlhare di na le boleng jo bogolo mo botshelong jwa batho le mo ikonoming.<ref>Wolf, K. L., et al. (2020). ''Urban Trees and Human Health: A Scoping Review.'' International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(12), 4371. PubMed – Urban Trees and Human Health</ref> == Ditlhare di thusa go fokotsa mogote == Mo metseng, ditlhare di thusa go dira moriti le go fokotsa mogote. Seno se botlhokwa segolo jang mo malatsing a a mogote. Ditlhare le mafelo a matala di ka thusa go fokotsa dithemperetšha mo mafelong a ditoropo, a gantsi a ka nnang mogote thata ka ntlha ya meago, ditsela le konkreite. WHO e tlhalosa gore mafelo a matala a ka thusa go fokotsa mogote mo metseng le go dira gore batho ba nne le mafelo a a siametseng go ikhutsa le go itshidila mmele.<ref>Wolf, K. L., et al. (2020). ''Urban Trees and Human Health: A Scoping Review.'' International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(12), 4371. PubMed – Urban Trees and Human Health</ref> Ka jalo, go jala ditlhare mo dikolong, mo malapeng le mo mebileng go ka thusa go dira tikologo e e tsididi le e e monate.<ref>Wolf, K. L., et al. (2020). ''Urban Trees and Human Health: A Scoping Review.'' International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(12), 4371. PubMed – Urban Trees and Human Health</ref> == Ditlhare di na le boleng jwa setšhaba le setso == Ditlhare ga di botlhokwa fela ka ntlha ya tikologo. Mo ditšhabeng tse dintsi, ditlhare di na le boleng jwa setso, bodumedi le hisitori. Mafelo a a nang le ditlhare tse dikgolo a ka nna mafelo a batho ba kopanang kwa go one, ba tshwara dikopano kgotsa ba ruta bana ka ngwao le hisitori. WHO e lemoga gore mafelo a tlhago le a matala a ka thusa mo dikamanong tsa batho, mo setšong, mo thutong le mo go ageng maikutlo a gore batho ke karolo ya setšhaba se le sengwe.<ref>Wolf, K. L., et al. (2020). ''Urban Trees and Human Health: A Scoping Review.'' International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(12), 4371. PubMed – Urban Trees and Human Health</ref> == Re tshwanetse go sireletsa ditlhare == Ka ntlha ya botlhokwa jo bogolo jwa ditlhare, batho ba tshwanetse go di sireletsa. Re tshwanetse go tila go rema ditlhare re sa tlhoke, mme fa setlhare se remiwa ka lebaka le le utlwalang, go tshwanetse ga jalwa tse dingwe. Dikolo, malapa, dikgwebo le puso di ka dira seabe ka go tsenya mananeo a go jala ditlhare le go ruta batho ka botlhokwa jwa tsone.<ref>WHO Regional Office for Europe. (2017). ''Urban green spaces: a brief for action.'' WHO – Urban green spaces</ref> Go botlhokwa gape gore ditlhare tse di jalwang di tlhokomelwe sentle gore di gole. Go jala setlhare fela ga go a lekana; se tshwanetse go nosediwa, go sirelediwa le go tlhokomelwa go fitlha se gola.<ref>WHO Regional Office for Europe. (2017). ''Urban green spaces: a brief for action.'' WHO – Urban green spaces</ref> == Bokhutlo == Ka bokhutlo, ditlhare ke karolo ya botlhokwa ya botshelo jwa batho le tikologo. Di thusa go phepafatsa mowa, go sireletsa mmu le metsi, go fokotsa mogote, go sireletsa diphologolo le dimela, go lwantsha phetogo ya maemo a loapi le go tokafatsa botsogo jwa batho. Gape di re naya dijo, dikgong, melemo le dilo tse dingwe tse di nang le mosola mo botshelong.<ref>WHO Regional Office for Europe. (2017). ''Urban green spaces: a brief for action.'' WHO – Urban green spaces</ref> Ka jalo, mongwe le mongwe o tshwanetse go tsaya maikarabelo a go sireletsa ditlhare. Go lema setlhare gompieno ke go thusa go aga tikologo e e botoka ya kamoso. Fa re sireletsa ditlhare, re sireletsa le botshelo jwa rona le jwa dikokomane tse di tlang.<ref>WHO Regional Office for Europe. (2017). ''Urban green spaces: a brief for action.'' WHO – Urban green spaces</ref> == Ditshupiso == # Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). (2026). ''Forests.'' FAO – Forests # Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). ''Forests for food security, nutrition and human health.'' FAO – Forests for food security # Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). ''Sustainable Forest Management.'' FAO – Sustainable Forest Management # WHO Regional Office for Europe. (2017). ''Urban green spaces: a brief for action.'' WHO – Urban green spaces # Wolf, K. L., et al. (2020). ''Urban Trees and Human Health: A Scoping Review.'' International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(12), 4371. PubMed – Urban Trees and Human Health # World Health Organization (WHO). (2016). ''Urban green spaces and health.'' WHO – Urban green spaces and health [[Karolo:Ditlhare]] 52adf8k2jdqrmly0n6t01wallme2y9y Bofaladi jo bo seng ka fa molaong kwa Thailand 0 14993 54673 2026-09-09T09:53:05Z Canana12 12484 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1348646604|Illegal immigration to Thailand]]" 54673 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Thailand]] e fetogile lefelo le legolo la go tsena ga bafaladi ba ba seng ka fa molaong, segolobogolo go tswa kwa dinageng tsa boagisani. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Illegal Immigrants Take Refuge In Pattaya As Beggars|newspaper=Pattaya Daily News|url=http://www.pattayadailynews.com/en/2011/05/30/illegal-immigrants-take-refuge-in-pattaya-as-beggars/|access-date=2012-04-07}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Pattaya City-Thailand Focus on Illegal Immigrant Crackdown|newspaper=Pattaya Daily News|url=http://www.pattayadailynews.com/en/2011/05/30/illegal-immigrants-take-refuge-in-pattaya-as-beggars/|access-date=2012-04-07}}</ref> == Dipalopalo tsa batho == Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2005, go ne ga tlhomamisiwa ke puso ya Thailand gore go na le badiri ba dinaga di sele ba le dimilione di le 1.8 ba ba kwadisitsweng le go nna kafa molaong, mme bofaladi jo bo seng ka fa molaong bo ka nna dimilione di le 5 kwa Thailand. Bafaladi bano ba ba seng ka fa molaong gape ba akaretsa le batshabi, mme seelo sa palo ya bafaladi ba ba seng ka fa molaong ke ka go latelana le Indonesia, Bangladesh, Nepal, Myanmar/Burma, India, Vietnam, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Aforika le China. Gape go na le palo e kgolo ya batho ba Bophirima ba ba dulang le go bereka go se ka fa molaong kwa Thailand, bontsi jwa bone ba ruta Seesemane kgotsa ba tsamaisa dikgwebopotlana tse di theilweng mo inthaneteng mme ba dirisa di-visa tsa bajanala kgotsa mefuta e mengwe ya di-visa tse di bonweng go dirisiwa ditokomane tsa maaka gore ba nne mo nageng eo sebaka se seleele. == Bafaladi ba ba seng ka fa molaong ba Korea Bokone == Mo dingwageng tsa bošeng jaana batho ba ba tswang kwa Korea Bokone ba ile ba leka go dirisa Thailand jaaka tsela ya go tsena go fitlha kwa Korea Borwa. Batho ba bangwe ba tswelela ba bereka le go nna kwa Thailand. Ka molao wa Korea Bokone, baagi ba ka se tswe mo nageng ntle le fa a rometswe ke puso kgotsa a laleditswe, e leng se a tshwanetseng go boela morago mme a romele pego gabedi ka ngwaga kwa Korea Bokone. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Illegal North Korean migrants on rise|work=[[Bangkok Post]]|url=http://www.bangkokpost.com/news/local/235550/illegal-north-korean-migrants-on-rise|access-date=2012-04-07}}</ref> == Bafaladi ba ba seng kafa molaong ba Rohingya == Bonyane Mamoseleme a Rohingya a le 600 ao go dumelwang gore ke [https://news.yahoo.com/over-600-illegal-rohingya-migrants-held-thai-raids-092832816.html bafaladi ba ba seng ka fa molaong ba ba tswang Myanmar ba tshwerwe] ba fitlhetswe mo Thailand ka di 11 Ferikgong 2013 morago ga ditlhaselo tse pedi ke balaodi gaufi le molelwane wa Malaysia. Puso ya Thailand e ntse e kgalwa ka ntlha ya tsela e e tshwarang bafaladi ba ba seng kafa molaong ka yone. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Thailand's deadly treatment of migrants|work=[[BBC]]|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/7834075.stm|access-date=2012-04-07}}</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, go ka tswa go na le Batshabi ba bangwe ba le bantsi ba Rohingya kwa Thailand, e ka tswa e le ba ba kafa molaong le ba ba seng kafa molaong. == Molao wa Bofaladi wa 1979 == Molao o o neng wa fetisiwa ka 1979, ka nako ya fa batho ba le bantsi ba Vietnam le Cambodia ba ne ba tsena kwa Thailand jaaka batshabi, o ne wa naya balaodi dithata tse di batlang di sena selekanyo tsa go tshwara bafaladi ba ba seng kafa molaong ka go sa lebaleng,ka dikaelo di le mmalwa fela malebana le tsela e batho ba ba tshwerweng ba tshwanetseng go tshwarwa ka yone. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Elimä |first=Nyrola |last2=Mauk |first2=Ben |date=November 10, 2024 |title=He Made a Daring Escape From China. Then His Real Troubles Began. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/11/10/magazine/uyghur-china-escape.html |access-date=November 19, 2024 |publisher=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Molao gape o batla gore bontsi jwa batswakwa ba ba nnang mo nageng eo ba itsise puso nako le nako fa ba tswa mo lefelong la bone la bonno jwa leruri diura di feta 24. Molao ono o ne o sa tlhole o dirisiwa mme go tloga ka 2019 o tsosolositswe ka ntlha ya kgatelelo ka fa tlase ga moono wa "Batho ba ba siameng ba tsena, Batho ba ba bosula ba tswa". <ref>{{Cite web |date=August 29, 2019 |title=Expats in Thailand caught in bureaucratic tangle |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-49470726 |access-date=29 August 2019 |website=Bbc.co.uk}}</ref> 9c3u4rukyxosqrmk1fh8jxtay5iwfx0 SeShweshwe 0 14994 54674 2026-09-09T10:15:52Z Reagoleboga 10854 added new article 54674 wikitext text/x-wiki === '''seShweshwe''' === ==== Tshimologo le hisetori ==== Tshimologo le hisetori ya letsela le le itsegeng thata la shweshwe. Shweshwe ke letsela la khothone le le mebalabala le le gatisitsweng le le amanang thata le feshene le setso sa Aforika Borwa. E itsege ka dipopego tsa yone tse di tlhomologileng, tsela e e dirilweng ka yone le mebala ya yone e e farologaneng. Gantsi letsela leno le dirisediwa go dira diaparo tsa setso le tsa segompieno. Le fa hisetori ya matsela a a gatisitsweng a indigo mo Borwa jwa Aforika e golagane le kgwebo ya boditšhabatšhaba ya matsela, shweshwe e ne ya nna le boitshupo jo bo nonofileng mo Aforika Borwa. Fa nako e ntse e tsamaya, ditšhaba tse di farologaneng di ne tsa amogela le go tsenya letsela leno mo dingwaong tsa bone tsa go apara. 708k0l2kdgwqrvmlt9e2qlvjwfb97bh 54675 54674 2026-09-09T10:16:42Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 54675 wikitext text/x-wiki === '''seShweshwe''' === ==== Tshimologo le hisetori ==== Tshimologo le hisetori ya letsela le le itsegeng thata la shweshwe. Shweshwe ke letsela la khothone le le mebalabala le le gatisitsweng le le amanang thata le feshene le setso sa Aforika Borwa. E itsege ka dipopego tsa yone tse di tlhomologileng, tsela e e dirilweng ka yone le mebala ya yone e e farologaneng. Gantsi letsela leno le dirisediwa go dira diaparo tsa setso le tsa segompieno. Le fa hisetori ya matsela a a gatisitsweng a indigo mo Borwa jwa Aforika e golagane le kgwebo ya boditšhabatšhaba ya matsela, shweshwe e ne ya nna le boitshupo jo bo nonofileng mo Aforika Borwa. Fa nako e ntse e tsamaya, ditšhaba tse di farologaneng di ne tsa amogela le go tsenya letsela leno mo dingwaong tsa bone tsa go apara. ==== Kafa dipopego le mebala ya Shweshwe e ileng ya nna karolo ya feshene ya Seaforika ka teng ==== Sengwe sa dilo tse di tlhomologileng ka shweshwe ke tsela e e dirilweng ka yone. Mekgwa e e tlwaelegileng ya go taka gantsi e na le dipopego tse dinnye tse di boaboeletswang, dithunya, dipopego tsa geometry le dipopego tse dingwe tsa go kgabisa. Matsela ano a ka bonwa ka mebala e mentsi, e e akaretsang mmala o o pududu, o o borokwa, o mohibidu, o o botala le o o serolwana. Mekgwa eno e dira gore diaparo tsa shweshwe di lebege di le dintle e bile di tlhomologile. Gape batlhami ba bone ditsela tsa go kopanya mekgabiso ya bogologolo le ya segompieno, ba dira gore letsela leno le aparwe ke batho ba dingwaga tse di farologaneng le ka dinako tse di farologaneng. Diaparo tsa setso tse di dirilweng ka letsela la shweshwe tse di dirisediwang ditiragalo tse di farologaneng Shweshwe e ka dirisiwa go dira mefuta e le mentsi ya diaparo. aqnpduewrl7aoedavw18tu179nhc3q6 54676 54675 2026-09-09T10:17:37Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 54676 wikitext text/x-wiki === '''seShweshwe''' === ==== Tshimologo le hisetori ==== Tshimologo le hisetori ya letsela le le itsegeng thata la shweshwe. Shweshwe ke letsela la khothone le le mebalabala le le gatisitsweng le le amanang thata le feshene le setso sa Aforika Borwa. E itsege ka dipopego tsa yone tse di tlhomologileng, tsela e e dirilweng ka yone le mebala ya yone e e farologaneng. Gantsi letsela leno le dirisediwa go dira diaparo tsa setso le tsa segompieno. Le fa hisetori ya matsela a a gatisitsweng a indigo mo Borwa jwa Aforika e golagane le kgwebo ya boditšhabatšhaba ya matsela, shweshwe e ne ya nna le boitshupo jo bo nonofileng mo Aforika Borwa. Fa nako e ntse e tsamaya, ditšhaba tse di farologaneng di ne tsa amogela le go tsenya letsela leno mo dingwaong tsa bone tsa go apara. ==== Kafa dipopego le mebala ya Shweshwe e ileng ya nna karolo ya feshene ya Seaforika ka teng ==== Sengwe sa dilo tse di tlhomologileng ka shweshwe ke tsela e e dirilweng ka yone. Mekgwa e e tlwaelegileng ya go taka gantsi e na le dipopego tse dinnye tse di boaboeletswang, dithunya, dipopego tsa geometry le dipopego tse dingwe tsa go kgabisa. Matsela ano a ka bonwa ka mebala e mentsi, e e akaretsang mmala o o pududu, o o borokwa, o mohibidu, o o botala le o o serolwana. Mekgwa eno e dira gore diaparo tsa shweshwe di lebege di le dintle e bile di tlhomologile. Gape batlhami ba bone ditsela tsa go kopanya mekgabiso ya bogologolo le ya segompieno, ba dira gore letsela leno le aparwe ke batho ba dingwaga tse di farologaneng le ka dinako tse di farologaneng. Diaparo tsa setso tse di dirilweng ka letsela la shweshwe tse di dirisediwang ditiragalo tse di farologaneng Shweshwe e ka dirisiwa go dira mefuta e le mentsi ya diaparo. Diaparo tsa setso le marokgwe a a dirilweng ka letsela leno gantsi di aparwa ka nako ya meletlo, manyalo, ditiragalo tsa setso le dikokoano tse dingwe tse di botlhokwa. Banna le bone ba ka apara diaparo tse di dirilweng ka shweshwe. Mokgwa wa go apara o ka nna wa farologana go ikaegile ka setšhaba, tiragalo le se motho a se ratang. Batlhami ba segompieno ba atolositse tiriso ya shweshwe ka go dira dibaki, disutu, dilwana tsa go ikgabisa le diaparo tsa segompieno. ==== Botlhokwa jwa shweshwe mo meletlong ==== Botlhokwa jwa shweshwe mo meletlong,mo go supeng gore ke mang le mo go bontsheng setso sa bone Diaparo di ka bontsha gore motho ke wa setso sefe, mme shweshwe e setse e le karolo ya botlhokwa ya tsela eno ya go bua. nqem6d105vnueuu9n6509wcj4gdxl7z 54677 54676 2026-09-09T10:18:57Z ~2026-48895-01 13153 added information 54677 wikitext text/x-wiki === '''seShweshwe''' === ==== Tshimologo le hisetori ==== Tshimologo le hisetori ya letsela le le itsegeng thata la shweshwe. Shweshwe ke letsela la khothone le le mebalabala le le gatisitsweng le le amanang thata le feshene le setso sa Aforika Borwa. E itsege ka dipopego tsa yone tse di tlhomologileng, tsela e e dirilweng ka yone le mebala ya yone e e farologaneng. Gantsi letsela leno le dirisediwa go dira diaparo tsa setso le tsa segompieno. Le fa hisetori ya matsela a a gatisitsweng a indigo mo Borwa jwa Aforika e golagane le kgwebo ya boditšhabatšhaba ya matsela, shweshwe e ne ya nna le boitshupo jo bo nonofileng mo Aforika Borwa. Fa nako e ntse e tsamaya, ditšhaba tse di farologaneng di ne tsa amogela le go tsenya letsela leno mo dingwaong tsa bone tsa go apara. ==== Kafa dipopego le mebala ya Shweshwe e ileng ya nna karolo ya feshene ya Seaforika ka teng ==== Sengwe sa dilo tse di tlhomologileng ka shweshwe ke tsela e e dirilweng ka yone. Mekgwa e e tlwaelegileng ya go taka gantsi e na le dipopego tse dinnye tse di boaboeletswang, dithunya, dipopego tsa geometry le dipopego tse dingwe tsa go kgabisa. Matsela ano a ka bonwa ka mebala e mentsi, e e akaretsang mmala o o pududu, o o borokwa, o mohibidu, o o botala le o o serolwana. Mekgwa eno e dira gore diaparo tsa shweshwe di lebege di le dintle e bile di tlhomologile. Gape batlhami ba bone ditsela tsa go kopanya mekgabiso ya bogologolo le ya segompieno, ba dira gore letsela leno le aparwe ke batho ba dingwaga tse di farologaneng le ka dinako tse di farologaneng. Diaparo tsa setso tse di dirilweng ka letsela la shweshwe tse di dirisediwang ditiragalo tse di farologaneng Shweshwe e ka dirisiwa go dira mefuta e le mentsi ya diaparo. Diaparo tsa setso le marokgwe a a dirilweng ka letsela leno gantsi di aparwa ka nako ya meletlo, manyalo, ditiragalo tsa setso le dikokoano tse dingwe tse di botlhokwa. Banna le bone ba ka apara diaparo tse di dirilweng ka shweshwe. Mokgwa wa go apara o ka nna wa farologana go ikaegile ka setšhaba, tiragalo le se motho a se ratang. Batlhami ba segompieno ba atolositse tiriso ya shweshwe ka go dira dibaki, disutu, dilwana tsa go ikgabisa le diaparo tsa segompieno. ==== Botlhokwa jwa shweshwe mo meletlong ==== Botlhokwa jwa shweshwe mo meletlong,mo go supeng gore ke mang le mo go bontsheng setso sa bone Diaparo di ka bontsha gore motho ke wa setso sefe, mme shweshwe e setse e le karolo ya botlhokwa ya tsela eno ya go bua. Go apara diaparo tsa setso kgotsa tse di tlhotlheleditsweng ke setso go ka dira gore motho a ikutlwe a le motlotlo e bile a amana le boswa jwa gagwe. Shweshwe gape e ratiwa thata mo meletlong e e kgethegileng ka gonne mebala ya yone e e phatsimang le dipopego tsa yone di dira gore go nne le ditshwantsho tse di kgatlhang tsa moletlo. Malapa a ka tlhopha diaparo tse di tshwanang kgotsa tse di tsamaisanang fa go na le manyalo, dikokoano tsa setso le ditiragalo tse dingwe. kayl82l8onclmr96t9j7l6rbl3gazea Anok Yai 0 14995 54678 2026-09-09T10:41:00Z Shoodho 2129 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1370799118|Anok Yai]]" 54678 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Anok Yai''' ( tshotswe ka Sedimonthole 20 ale 1997 ) ke mmabontle wa MoAmerika . Ke mmabontle wa bobedi wa Bantsho, morago ga Naomi Campbell, go bula pontsho ya Prada . O a tlhagelela makgeto a le mmalwa mo dikurateng tsa ''Vogue'', go akaretsa le American ''Vogue'' makgeto a le mararo. ''TIME'' e ne ya mo mmitsa mongwe wa batho ba le 100 ba ba nang le tlhotlheletso e kgolo mo lefatsheng ka ngwaga wa 2026. <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 15, 2026 |title=Anok Yai |url=https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people/2026/anok-yai/ |website=TIME}}</ref> [[Karolo:Articles with hCards]] gtrmmf6mhctk9unrv65i18lf4b2drb2 54679 54678 2026-09-09T10:42:22Z Shoodho 2129 54679 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anok Yai''' ( tshotswe ka Sedimonthole 20 ale 1997 ) ke mmabontle wa MoAmerika . Ke mmabontle wa bobedi wa Bantsho, morago ga Naomi Campbell, go bula pontsho ya Prada . O a tlhagelela makgeto a le mmalwa mo dikurateng tsa ''Vogue'', go akaretsa le American ''Vogue'' makgeto a le mararo. ''TIME'' e ne ya mo mmitsa mongwe wa batho ba le 100 ba ba nang le tlhotlheletso e kgolo mo lefatsheng ka ngwaga wa 2026. <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 15, 2026 |title=Anok Yai |url=https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people/2026/anok-yai/ |website=TIME}}</ref> == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Articles with hCards]] 3oizz3tmo3h4dgq3qaii8vgoc7irpyx Liya Kebede 0 14996 54680 2026-09-09T11:43:38Z Shoodho 2129 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1353788480|Liya Kebede]]" 54680 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Liya Kebede''' (tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ele gangwe ka ngwaga wa 1978) <ref name="BOF">{{Cite web |title=Liya Kebede |url=https://www.businessoffashion.com/community/people/liya-kebede |access-date=27 October 2019 |website=Business of Fashion}}</ref> ke mmabontle o tsholetsweng le fatsheng la [[Ethiopia]], gape e le mmueledi wa botsogo jwa bomme, le moruki wa diaparo, gape le modiragatsi. O tlhageletse mokuruteng ya ''Vogue'' makgeto a le masome mabedi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Vogue's Covers: Liya Kebede |url=http://voguescovers.blogspot.com/p/liya-kebede.html |access-date=2024-01-11 |website=Vogue's Covers}}</ref> Kebede e ne le Moemedi [[World Health Organisation|wa WHO]] wa Botsogo jwa Bomme, Masea a a sa tswang go tsholwa le bana fa e sa le ka ngwaga wa 2005. == Botshelo jwa gage le thuto == Kebede o tsholetswe a ba a golela kwa Addis Ababa [[Ethiopia|kwa Ethiopia]] . Ke wa morafe wa Amhara . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nécessité |date=30 April 2019 |title=Liya Kebede: Model, Mother, Actress, Designer, Activist |url=https://necessite.co/2019/04/30/liya-kebede/ |website=nécessité}}</ref> Ke ene fela morwadi mo lwapeng, o na le bomorwarraagwe ba le bane. Mokaedi mongwe wa ditshwantsho tsa montshikinyego o ne a mmona fa a ne a tsena sekolo sa boditšhabatšhaba sa Fora ''sa Lycée Guébré-Mariam'', sekolo se a neng a ithuta [[Sefora]] mo go sone, mme a mo itsise moemedi wa bo mmabontle wa Mofora . Fa a sena go fetsa dithuto tsa gagwe, o ne a fudugela kwa [[Fora]] go ya go dira tiro kwa Paris . Moragonyana Kebede o ne a fudugela kwa US, kwa tshimologong o ne a nna kwa Chicago morago ga moo a fudugela kwa New York City . <ref>{{Cite web |date=June 11, 2007 |title=The model of perfection |url=http://www.cnn.com/2007/SHOWBIZ/06/07/kebede.bio/index.html?section=cnn_latest |website=CNN}}</ref> == Ditshupiso ==  <templatestyles src="Sister project/styles.css"></templatestyles> * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070223053325/http://www.liyakebede.com/ Lefelo la semmuso], le na le ditshwantsho tsa metswedi e mentsi ya athikele eno (morago ga matseno, tlhopha 'Tobetsa') * Liya Kebede Fundraising Event EthioTube Video * Liya Kebede * Liya Kebede [[Karolo:Articles with hCards]] mei93acnbzgl97i6s9fhgl17465m3m0 54681 54680 2026-09-09T11:44:40Z Shoodho 2129 /* Ditshupiso */ 54681 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Liya Kebede''' (tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ele gangwe ka ngwaga wa 1978) <ref name="BOF">{{Cite web |title=Liya Kebede |url=https://www.businessoffashion.com/community/people/liya-kebede |access-date=27 October 2019 |website=Business of Fashion}}</ref> ke mmabontle o tsholetsweng le fatsheng la [[Ethiopia]], gape e le mmueledi wa botsogo jwa bomme, le moruki wa diaparo, gape le modiragatsi. O tlhageletse mokuruteng ya ''Vogue'' makgeto a le masome mabedi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Vogue's Covers: Liya Kebede |url=http://voguescovers.blogspot.com/p/liya-kebede.html |access-date=2024-01-11 |website=Vogue's Covers}}</ref> Kebede e ne le Moemedi [[World Health Organisation|wa WHO]] wa Botsogo jwa Bomme, Masea a a sa tswang go tsholwa le bana fa e sa le ka ngwaga wa 2005. == Botshelo jwa gage le thuto == Kebede o tsholetswe a ba a golela kwa Addis Ababa [[Ethiopia|kwa Ethiopia]] . Ke wa morafe wa Amhara . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nécessité |date=30 April 2019 |title=Liya Kebede: Model, Mother, Actress, Designer, Activist |url=https://necessite.co/2019/04/30/liya-kebede/ |website=nécessité}}</ref> Ke ene fela morwadi mo lwapeng, o na le bomorwarraagwe ba le bane. Mokaedi mongwe wa ditshwantsho tsa montshikinyego o ne a mmona fa a ne a tsena sekolo sa boditšhabatšhaba sa Fora ''sa Lycée Guébré-Mariam'', sekolo se a neng a ithuta [[Sefora]] mo go sone, mme a mo itsise moemedi wa bo mmabontle wa Mofora . Fa a sena go fetsa dithuto tsa gagwe, o ne a fudugela kwa [[Fora]] go ya go dira tiro kwa Paris . Moragonyana Kebede o ne a fudugela kwa US, kwa tshimologong o ne a nna kwa Chicago morago ga moo a fudugela kwa New York City . <ref>{{Cite web |date=June 11, 2007 |title=The model of perfection |url=http://www.cnn.com/2007/SHOWBIZ/06/07/kebede.bio/index.html?section=cnn_latest |website=CNN}}</ref> == Ditshupiso == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070223053325/http://www.liyakebede.com/ Lefelo la semmuso], le na le ditshwantsho tsa metswedi e mentsi ya athikele eno (morago ga matseno, tlhopha 'Tobetsa') * Liya Kebede Fundraising Event EthioTube Video * Liya Kebede * Liya Kebede [[Karolo:Articles with hCards]] ermqt240s50q0affaxkhpteimmcqexs 54682 54681 2026-09-09T11:45:46Z Shoodho 2129 54682 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Liya Kebede''' (tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo ele gangwe ka ngwaga wa 1978) <ref name="BOF">{{Cite web |title=Liya Kebede |url=https://www.businessoffashion.com/community/people/liya-kebede |access-date=27 October 2019 |website=Business of Fashion}}</ref> ke mmabontle o tsholetsweng le fatsheng la [[Ethiopia]], gape e le mmueledi wa botsogo jwa bomme, le moruki wa diaparo, gape le modiragatsi. O tlhageletse mokuruteng ya ''Vogue'' makgeto a le masome mabedi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Vogue's Covers: Liya Kebede |url=http://voguescovers.blogspot.com/p/liya-kebede.html |access-date=2024-01-11 |website=Vogue's Covers}}</ref> Kebede e ne le Moemedi [[World Health Organisation|wa WHO]] wa Botsogo jwa Bomme, Masea a a sa tswang go tsholwa le bana fa e sa le ka ngwaga wa 2005. == Botshelo jwa gage le thuto == Kebede o tsholetswe a ba a golela kwa Addis Ababa [[Ethiopia|kwa Ethiopia]] . Ke wa morafe wa Amhara . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nécessité |date=30 April 2019 |title=Liya Kebede: Model, Mother, Actress, Designer, Activist |url=https://necessite.co/2019/04/30/liya-kebede/ |website=nécessité}}</ref> Ke ene fela morwadi mo lwapeng, o na le bomorwarraagwe ba le bane. Mokaedi mongwe wa ditshwantsho tsa montshikinyego o ne a mmona fa a ne a tsena sekolo sa boditšhabatšhaba sa Fora ''sa Lycée Guébré-Mariam'', sekolo se a neng a ithuta [[Sefora]] mo go sone, mme a mo itsise moemedi wa bo mmabontle wa Mofora . Fa a sena go fetsa dithuto tsa gagwe, o ne a fudugela kwa [[Fora]] go ya go dira tiro kwa Paris . Moragonyana Kebede o ne a fudugela kwa US, kwa tshimologong o ne a nna kwa Chicago morago ga moo a fudugela kwa New York City . <ref>{{Cite web |date=June 11, 2007 |title=The model of perfection |url=http://www.cnn.com/2007/SHOWBIZ/06/07/kebede.bio/index.html?section=cnn_latest |website=CNN}}</ref> == Ditshupiso == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070223053325/http://www.liyakebede.com/ Lefelo la semmuso], le na le ditshwantsho tsa metswedi e mentsi ya athikele eno (morago ga matseno, tlhopha 'Tobetsa') * Liya Kebede Fundraising Event EthioTube Video * Liya Kebede * Liya Kebede [[Karolo:Articles with hCards]] 7doey62vujn94vv2rg5lqs3wrdufbbq