Wikipedia tnwiki https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsebe_ya_konokono MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.20 first-letter Pego Faphegileng Puisano Modirisi Puisano ya modirisi Wikipedia Puisano ya Wikipedia Setshwantsho Puisano ya setshwantsho MediaWiki Puisano ya MediaWiki Tempolete Puisano ya tempolete Thuso Puisano ya thuso Karolo Puisano ya karolo TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 1020 55317 54199 2026-09-22T22:20:07Z Chotlho 12488 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1376191297|Botswana]]" 55317 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Botswana''', [ c ] semmuso '''Rephaboliki ya Botswana''', [ d ] ke naga e e sensing lewatle mo Aforika Kwa Borwa. Botswana e sephaphathi ka popego ya lefatshe, e nale Mo e ka nnang 70% ka karolo ya yone e le karolo ya [[Sekaka sa Kalahari]] . E dikologolwe ke [[Aforika Borwa]] kwa borwa le kwa borwabotlhaba, [[Namibia]] kwa bophirima le kwa bokone, [[Zambia]] kwa bokone, le [[Zimbabwe]] kwa bokonebotlhaba. Palogotlhe jwa yone jotlhe ke {{Convert|581730|km2|sqmi}} . Gaborone, mo [[Kgaolo ya Borwa-Botlhaba (Botswana)|Kgaolong ya Borwa-Botlhaba]], ke motsemogolo wa lefatshe leno e bile ke toropo e kgolo go gaisa tsotlhe. [[Karolo:Botswana]] [[Karolo:Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images]] ilz7jox5v0zw4vnm7decl5se8g0hnc5 0 2321 55316 38344 2026-09-22T22:18:02Z Tulips.01 12481 Created by translating the section "Law and government" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1375849955|Eastern Cape]]" 55316 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement <!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->| name = Kapa Botlhaba | native_name = {{Plainlist| {{native name|xh|iMpuma-Koloni}} {{native name|af|Oos-Kaap}} }} | settlement_type = [[Diporofinsi tsa Aforika Borwa|Porofinsi]] <!-- images, nickname, motto ---> <!-- images, nickname, motto --->| image_flag = File:Flag of the Eastern Cape Province.png | image_shield = Eastern Cape arms.svg | motto = Development through Unity <!-- maps and coordinates ------>| image_map = Eastern Cape in South Africa.svg | mapsize = | map_alt = Map showing the location of the Eastern Cape in the southern part of South Africa | map_caption = Location of the Eastern Cape in South Africa <!-- location ------------------>| subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{ZAF}} <!-- established --------------->| established_title = Established | established_date = 27 April 1994 <!-- seat, smaller parts ------->| seat_type = Toropo Kgolo | seat = [[Bhisho]] | seat1_type = Largest city | seat1 = [[Gqeberha]] | parts_type = [[Districts of South Africa|Districts]] | p1 = [[Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality|Nelson Mandela Bay]] | p2 = [[Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality|Buffalo City]] | p3 = [[Sarah Baartman District Municipality|Sarah Baartman]] | p4 = [[Amathole District Municipality|Amathole]] | p5 = [[Chris Hani District Municipality|Chris Hani]] | p6 = [[Joe Gqabi District Municipality|Joe Gqabi]] | p7 = [[OR Thambo District Municipality|OR Thambo]] | p8 = [[Alfred Nzo District Municipality|Alfred Nzo]] <!-- government type, leaders -->| government_footnotes = <!-- for references: use<ref> tags --> | government_type = [[Parliamentary system]] | leader_party = [[African National Congress|ANC]] | leader_title = [[Premier of the Eastern Cape|Premier]] | leader_name = [[Oscar Mabuyane]] | leader_title1 = Legislature | leader_name1 = [[Eastern Cape Provincial Legislature]] <!-- area ---------------------->| area_footnotes = <ref name="cib2011">{{cite book |title=Census 2011: Census in brief |url=http://www.statssa.gov.za/census/census_2011/census_products/Census_2011_Census_in_brief.pdf |publisher=Statistics South Africa |location=Pretoria |year=2012 |isbn=9780621413885 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150513171240/http://www.statssa.gov.za/census/census_2011/census_products/Census_2011_Census_in_brief.pdf |archive-date=13 May 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref>{{rp|9}} | area_total_km2 = 168966 | area_rank = [[List of South African provinces by area|2nd in South Africa]] <!-- elevation ----------------->| elevation_max_footnotes = <!-- for references: use<ref> tags --> | elevation_max_m = 3019 | elevation_min_footnotes = <!-- for references: use<ref> tags --> | elevation_min_m = 0 <!-- population ---------------->| population_footnotes = <ref name="cib2011" />{{rp|18}}<ref>{{cite report |title=Mid-year population estimates, 2021 |publisher=Statistics South Africa |date=19 July 2021 |page=2 |url=http://www.statssa.gov.za/publications/P0302/P03022021.pdf |access-date=19 July 2021}}</ref> | population_total = 6562053 | population_as_of = 2011 | population_density_km2 = auto | population_est = 6676590 | pop_est_as_of = 2021 | population_rank = [[List of South African provinces by population|4th in South Africa]] | population_density_rank = [[List of South African provinces by population density|6th in South Africa]] | population_demonym = <!-- demonym, ie. Liverpudlian for someone from Liverpool --> | population_note = <!-- demographics (section 1) --> | demographics_type1 = Population groups | demographics1_footnotes = <ref name="cib2011" />{{rp|21}} | demographics1_title1 = [[Bantu peoples of South Africa|Black]] | demographics1_info1 = 86.3% | demographics1_title2 = [[Coloured]] | demographics1_info2 = 8.3% | demographics1_title3 = [[White South African|White]] | demographics1_info3 = 4.7% | demographics1_title4 = [[Indian South African|Indian]] or [[Asian South African|Asian]] | demographics1_info4 = 0.4% <!-- demographics (section 2) -->| demographics_type2 = Languages | demographics2_footnotes = <ref name="cib2011" />{{rp|25}} | demographics2_title1 = [[Xhosa language|Xhosa]] | demographics2_info1 = 78.8% | demographics2_title2 = [[Afrikaans language|Afrikaans]] | demographics2_info2 = 10.6% | demographics2_title3 = English | demographics2_info3 = 5.6% | demographics2_title4 = [[Sotho language|Sotho]] | demographics2_info4 = 2.5% <!-- time zone(s) -------------->| timezone1 = [[South African Standard Time|SAST]] | utc_offset1 = +2 <!-- postal codes, area code --->| iso_code = ZA-EC | blank_name_sec1 = [[Human Development Index|HDI]] (2019) | blank_info_sec1 = 0.671<ref name="GlobalDataLab">{{Cite web|url=https://hdi.globaldatalab.org/areadata/shdi/|title=Sub-national HDI – Area Database – Global Data Lab|website=hdi.globaldatalab.org|language=en|access-date=13 September 2018}}</ref><br/>{{color|#fc0|medium}} · [[List of South African provinces by Human Development Index|9th of 9]] <!-- website, footnotes -------->| website = [http://www.ecprov.gov.za/ www.ecprov.gov.za] | footnotes = | official_name = }} '''Eastern Cape''' ke nngwe ya diporofinsi mo [[Aforika Borwa]] e e tlholegileng ka ngwaga wa 1994 gape o dikagantswe ke metsana ya MaXhosa ba kwaTranskei <ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transkei</ref> le ba ba kwaCiskei<ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciskei</ref>, ga mmogo le lefelo la Cape Province<ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_Province</ref>. [[Setshwantsho:Eastern Cape 2001 population density map.svg|thumb|'''Eastern Cape 2001 population density''' ]] Go nnile le dikitsaetsego tsa gore porofinsi e na le makgotlatshekelo a le mane a boleng jo bo rileng (kwa [[Grahamstown]], [[Port Elizabeth]], [[Bhisho]] le [[Mthatha]]) a a dikaganyeditseng motse wa [[KwaZulu-Natal]] o o mo porofinsing e. Ka ntlha ya ditlhabololo tse di neng tsa dirwa mo metseng se se ne sa dira metsana e e nne le molelwane ya diporofinsi ma gareng ga yone. == Histori == Porofense ya Kapa Botlhaba e tlhamilwe ka 1994, e tsenyeletsa mafelo a a tswang kwa mafelong a pele e neng e le a Ba-Xhosa a Transkei le Ciskei, mmogo le se pele e neng e le karolo ya Porofense ya Kapa. Se se ne sa baka dipharologano di le mmalwa, go akaretsa ntlha ya gore Porofense e na le dikgotlatshekelo tse di kwa godimo di le nne (kwa Grahamstown (Makhanda), Port Elizabeth (Gqeberha), Bhisho le Mthatha, mme e na le mafelo a KwaZulu-Natal mo porofenseng. Bothata jono jwa bofelo bo ne jwa fela fa go ne go fetolwa melelwane ya bommasepala le diporofense. ==Metswedi== {{Reflist}} ==Dikgoge tsa kwa ntle== {{Commonscat|Eastern Cape}} {{Diporofinsi mo Aforika Borwa}} {{DEFAULTSORT:{{PAGENAME}}}} [[Karolo:Aforika Borwa]] [[Karolo:Diporofense tsa Aforika Borwa]] == Law and government == Puso ya porofense ya Kapa Botlhaba e kwa [[Bhisho]], motsemogolo wa porofense. Karolo ya Kapa Botlhaba ya Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Afrika Borwa e kwa Makhanda (Grahamstown), ka di ditulo tsa selegae kwa [[Port Elizabeth|Gqeberha]] (Port Elizabeth), [[East London|Lontone Botlhaba]], le Bhisho. Jaaka diporofense tse dingwe tsa Afrika borwa, Kapa Botlhaba e na le tsamaiso ya palamente puso, ka tonakgolo ya porofense e tlhophiwa ke [https://www.eclegislature.gov.za/ Lekgotla Peomolao la Porofense ya Kapa Botlhaba] . Tonakgolo e tlhopha maloko a khansele la Khuduthamaga (Kabinete). Tonakgolo ya ga jaana ke Oscar Mabuyane wa African National Congress (ANC). Kgotla-peomolao ya porofense e tlhophiwa dingwaga dingwe le dingwe di le tlhano ka tsamaiso ya kemedi e e lekalenang ya lenaane la makoko . Ditlhopho tsa sešweng tsa porofense di ne tsa tshwarwa ka 2024, tse di neng tsa fenngwa ke ANC, e e busitseng porofense e sa kgaotse fa e sale go fela tlhaolele ka 1994 . Democratic Alliance ( DA ) ke lekoko la bobedi le le legolo e bile ke lekoko la kganetso la semmuso . Ditlhopho tsa porofense tsa 2024 ke tse di latelang: se16j9an9aloswn8jvpcmmctxw3dy1n 0 3163 55353 27479 2026-09-23T05:39:50Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55353 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox boxer (amateur) | name = France Mabiletsa | image = | image_size = | caption = | fullname = France Lassie Mabiletsa | nicknames = | nationality = {{BOT}} | weight class = [[Light-Heavyweight]] | club = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1962|11|25}} | birth_place = | death_date = | death_place = | height = 1.85 m | weight = 80 kg | show-medals = yes | medaltemplates = {{MedalSport | Men's [[amateur boxing]] }} {{MedalCountry | {{BOT}} }} {{MedalCompetition | [[Boxing at the Commonwealth Games|Commonwealth Games]]}} {{MedalBronze | [[1994 Commonwealth Games|1994 Victoria]] | [[Boxing at the 1994 Commonwealth Games|Light heavyweight]]}} }} '''France Mabiletsa''' (o tshotswe kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele a tlhola masome a mabedi le botlhano ngwaga ele wa 1962) ke mmampodi wa metshameko ya boditshabatshaba wa mabole wa bokete jo bo fa gare ebile a tswa [[Botswana]]. One a fiwa seetsele sa maemo a boraro se e leng tshipi ya ketletso ya bronze mo metshamekong ya ngwaga wa 1994 ya mafatshefatshe one a phadisanya gape ka ngwaga wa 1992 ko metshamekong ya mafatshefatshe ya selemo e e bidiwang ka sekgowa gotwe Summer Olympics.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110519145208/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ma/france-mabiletsa-1.html France Mabiletsa] ko sports-reference.com</ref> == Dipadi tse dingwe == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Mabiletsa, France}} [[Category:Ba ba tshotsweng ka 1923]] [[Category:Batho ba ba mo botshelong]] [[Category:Boramabole ba Botswana]] [[Category:Boramabole ba metshameko ya boditshabatshaba ya ngwaga wa 1992 ya Selemo]] [[Category:Boramabole ba metshameko ya boditshabatshaba ba Botswana]] [[Category:Boramabole ba bokete jo bo fa gare]] [[Category:Batshamiki ba maemo a boraro ba metshameko ya mafatshefatshe ya Commonwealth Games ba Botswana]] [[Category:Batsaya karolo ba metshameko ya mafatshefatshe ba Botswana]] [[Category:Boramabole ba ngwaga wa 1994 ba metshameko ya mafatshefatshe]] s5nqtle01rrvgj61p7sgo4feilr0nue 0 4462 55305 54766 2026-09-22T20:14:35Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 55305 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Cuisine of Mongolia.jpg|thumb|Madombi]] '''Madombi''' Madombi [Madombolo] ke sejo se dirwang ka bopi jwa korong jo bo dubilweng go tswang foo bo dirwe dikgolokwenyana; a ka apewa bo le bosi kana bo tsentswe sengwe fa gare. A dirwa ka boupe jwa korong, ditapole , nama, tlhapi, kana diguruntu. A ka apewa ka metsi a kabesiwa, a fufutswa , ka mafura kana ka boubelo. A ka patisiwa ka sengwe fa gare kana a tsenngwe dinatetshi tse dingwe fa go dubiwa. Matlebekwane a kanna sukiri kgotsa letswai. A ka jewa a le osi, ka sopo kana nama. Madombi ke sejo se se rategang thata mo malapeng a le mantsi a kwa Borwa jwa [[Aforika]] e bile ke karolo e e botlhokwa ya dijo tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tsa mo [[Aforika]]. Kwa dinageng tse di jaaka [[Aforika Borwa]], [[Botswana]], [[Lesotho]] le [[Zimbabwe]], madombi gantsi di jewa le distew, nama, merogo le dijo tsa setso jaaka mogodu. Le fa gone madombi a na le mefuta e e farologaneng go ralala lefatshe, mofuta wa tsone wa kwa Aforika Borwa o na le tsela e o itsegeng ka yone mme o amanngwa thata le dijo tse di apewang kwa gae, dijo tsa lelapa le go amogela baeng.<ref name=":0">https://www.foodformzansi.co.za/lesdachef-mzansi-mourns-king-of-mogodu-and-ledombolo/</ref> ==== Go apewa ga madombi ==== Madombi a Seaforika gantsi a dirwa ka dilo tse di motlhofo tse di jaaka bupi, metsi, yeast kgotsa baking powder, letswai mme ka dinako tse dingwe mashi kgotsa botoro. Bupi jono bo a tlhakatlhakanngwa bo bo bo dirwa dikarolwana pele ga bo apewa ka mouwane kgotsa bo apewa mmogo le sejo se se apeilweng. Seno se felela ka dijo tse di boleta, tse di borethe tse di monyang tatso ya sopo kgotsa ya motswako o di dirisiwang ka one. Malapa a a farologaneng a na le ditsela tsa one tsa go apaya le mekgwa ya one ya go apaya, mo go rayang gore tsela e madombi a leng monate ka yone le tsela e a bopegileng ka yone e ka farologana go ya ka malapa. di botlhokwa thata ka gonne di tlaleletsa dijo tse dingwe tsa setso. Ka sekai, sopo e e monate e ka jewa ka dikuku tse di borethe tse di monyang motswako wa yone. Mo dijong tsa [[Aforika Borwa]], madombi e ka jewa le nama ya kgomo, kgogo, mogatla wa kgomo, dinawa, merogo kgotsa mogodu. Go tlhakana gono go dira gore go nne le dijo tse di monate mme go bontsha kafa dijo tse di farologaneng di dirang mmogo ka teng go dira sejo se se feletseng sa lelapa.<ref name=":1">https://www.foodformzansi.co.za/mzansi-flavour-lesdachef-big-man-in-the-kitchen/</ref> Botlhokwa jwa setso sa madombi, bo bonala le mo tseleng e di apewang ka yone le e di abiwang ka yone. Mo malapeng a le mantsi mo Aforika, go apaya ke tiro e e dirwang ke botlhe. Maloko a lelapa a ka nna le seabe mo go baakanyeng dijo, fa bana bone ba ithuta ditsela tsa go apaya le mekgwa ya go apaya mo batsading, mo go borremogolo le bommemogolo le mo go ba bangwe ba losika. Ka jalo, madombi di nna karolo ya go fetisetsa kitso mo dikokomaneng tse dingwe. Mokgwa o o rileng wa go apaya madombi e ka nna ngwao ya lelapa e e sa lebalesegeng e bile e boaboelediwa ka dingwaga di le dintsi.<ref name=":1" /> ==== Mefuta ya madombi ==== Madombi le one a amanngwa le go amogela baeng. Mo ditsong di le dintsi tsa Aforika, go abelana dijo le baeng ke tsela e e botlhokwa ya go bontsha tlotlo le bopelonomi. Pitsa e kgolo ya setofo e e nang le dikuku e ka nna dijo tsa lelapa kgotsa tsa setlhopha sa baeng. Ka jalo, dijo ga se fela go kgotsofatsa tlala mme gape ke go dira gore batho ba ikutlwe ba le karolo ya setlhopha se se rileng le go nna seoposengwe. Go ratiwa ga madombi le gone go bontsha kafa dijo tsa Seaforika di kgonang go fetofetoga le maemo ka teng. Le fa gone mefuta e e tshwanang ya dijo tse di dirilweng ka bupi e le teng mo dikarolong tse dintsi tsa lefatshe, baapei ba Baaforika ba tsentse madombi mo dijong tsa lefelo leo mme ba di dira gore di tshwanele dilo tse di dirisiwang mo lefelong leo, tsela e di apewang ka yone le tsela e di apewang ka yone. Se se bontsha gore dijo tsa Seaforika ga di a tlhomama; di a gola fa ditšhaba di ntse di dirisana le ditso tse di farologaneng le ditswaki fa di ntse di tsweletse ka dingwao tsa tsone. Fa re konela, re ka re, madombi ke karolo e e botlhokwa ya setso sa dijo sa [[Aforika Borwa]]. Go motlhofo go di apaya, di a tshola e bile di dira mo dilong tse dintsi, mme botlhokwa jwa tsone ga bo akaretse fela dilo tse di dirisiwang go di dira. Di amana le lelapa, go amogela baeng, kitso ya setso le setšhaba. Fa di jewa mmogo le dijo tse di jaaka mogodu le nama kgomo tsa setso, madombi di bopa karolo ya ngwao e kgolo ya go apaya ya Seaforika e mo go yone dijo di kopanyang batho le go thusa go boloka setso sa bone.<ref name=":0" /> ==Metswedi== [[Category: Madombi]] [[Category: Madombolo]] 6cq2clk3n5w18ula3sxl0xvwfqwgaxq 0 4747 55397 31669 2026-09-23T10:51:19Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55397 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Image:Coloured-family.jpg|thumb|280px|Lelefatsa kgoro sa maKhalathi ka modu mo [[Cape Town]], [[Kimberley]] le [[Tshwane|Pretoria]].]] [[File:South_Africa_2011_Coloured_population_proportion_map.svg|thumb|280px|maKhalathi ke batho ba [[Aforika Borwa]] (2011).]] '''MaKhaladi''' ke batho ba [[Aforika Borwa]]. Ka [[Seisimane]] ba bitswa "Coloureds" goba "People of Colour". Ka [[Seburu]] (''Afrikaans'') ba bitswa "Kleurlinge" goba "Bruinmense". MaKhaladi ba sala gagolo mo porofense ya [[Kapa Bophirima]] le [[Kapa Bokone]]. A Aforika Borwa, lentsoe Coloureds ke sesupo merabe bakeng sa batho se hlahang ho yona merabe e tsoakiloeng ba neng ba rua leloko tsoang Europe, Asia le tse fapa-fapaneng Khoisan le Bantu merabe ya Aforika Borwa. Hase batho bohle ba Coloured bolella tšoanang morabe, 'me malapa a fapaneng le batho ba na le tse fapa-fapaneng ditshebetso tse fapaneng' meleng.<ref>{{cite web|title=coloured|url=http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/coloured?q=coloured|work=Oxford Dictionaries|publisher=Oxford University|accessdate=14 April 2014|archive-date=9 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140309100643/http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/coloured?q=coloured|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="name1">{{cite web|url=http://www.transformation.und.ac.za/issue%2047/47%20posel1.pdf%20Many%20people%20lost%20their%20national%20or%20ethnic%20identity%20due%20to%20racial%20classifications%20during%20Colonialism%20and%20Apartheid.|title=What’s in a name? Racial categorisations under apartheid and their afterlife|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060623202921/http://www.transformation.und.ac.za/issue+47/47+posel1.pdf|archivedate=2006-06-23|access-date=2023-09-30|url-status=live}}</ref> Ho ne ho likamanong tsa pharaletseng le mekgatlo ya basebetsi har'a lichaba tsena tse sa tšoaneng ka Western Cape. Ao ho 'ona lia ikhetha Cape Coloured 'me hokahaneng Cape Semalay setso sa pele. Likarolong tse ling tsa Aforika Borwa, batho ba classified e le Coloured ne hangata litloholo tsa batho ba tsoang ethnicities tse peli tse arohaneng. lithuto tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso li bontša sehlopha na le maemo a mang a phahameng ka ho fetisisa oa lesika la tsoakiloeng lefatšeng.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/30502963/|title=Africans have world's greatest genetic variation|publisher=Msnbc.com|last=Schmid|first=Randolph E.|date=April 30, 2009|accessdate=2009-10-23|archivedate=2009-05-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090502141813/http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/30502963/}}</ref> Mitochondrial DNA lithuto tsa li bontšitse hore lerato ea 'me (tšehali) mecha ea ho baahi ba Coloured ba theohela boholo tsoang Khoisan basadi, taba ea gender- leeme admixture.<ref name="cell.com">{{cite web |last1=Quintana-Murci |first1=L |last2=Harmant |first2=C |first3=Quach |last3=H |last4=Balanovsky |first4=O |last5=Zaporozhchenko |first5=V |last6=Bormans |first6=C |last7=van Helden |first7=PD, |year=2010 |title= Strong maternal Khoisan contribution to the South African coloured population: a case of gender-biased admixture. American Journal of Human Genetics 86: 611-20. |url=http://www.cell.com/AJHG/abstract/S0002-9297%2810%2900096-0|display-authors=etal}}</ref><ref name="onlinelibrary.wiley.com">{{cite web |last1=Schlebusch |first1=CM |last2=Naidoo |first2=T |last3=Soodyall |first3=H |year=2009 |title= SNaPshot minisequencing to resolve mitochondrial macro-haplogroups found in Africa. ''Electrophoresis'' 30: 3657-64 |url= http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/elps.200900197/abstract }}</ref> ==References== {{Reflist}} {{Commonscat|Coloured people}} 36llzloege8ncxn2u5iv9aq3f6xv4vb 0 7207 55267 51762 2026-09-22T13:34:40Z Tulips.01 12481 Created by translating the section "Career" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1376161011|DJ Maphorisa]]" 55267 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist | name = DJ Maphorisa | image = | landscape = <!-- yvges, if wide image, otherwise leave blank --> | alt = | caption = | birth_name = Themba Sekowe | native_name = | native_name_lang = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1987|11|15}}<!-- Do not remove this line without any reliable sources! --><ref>{{Cite web|title= Pic! Maphorisa Shares His Old High School Picture And His First Business |url= https://theyanos.co.za/2021/10/pic-maphorisa-shares-his-old-high-school-picture-and-his-first-business/ |access-date=2021-12-10|website= theyanos.co.za |date= 21 October 2021 |language=en}}</ref> | alias = {{hlist|Lawd Phori<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2020-07-20-this-beef-is-getting-boring-now-mzansi-to-maphorisa--prince-kaybee/ |title='This beef is getting boring now' - Mzansi to Maphorisa & Prince Kaybee |first=Chrizelda |last=Kekana |date=20 July 2020 |website=[[TimesLIVE]]}}</ref>|Madumane}} | birth_place = [[Soshanguve]], [[Pretoria]], South Africa | occupation = {{hlist|DJ|Modiri wa dipina|Moopedi}} | module = | embed = | instrument = Mafoko, Piano | years_active = 2008-gofitha gompieno | label = {{Ubl | Blaqboy Music {{small|(pele)}} | [[Kalawa Jazmee Records|Kalawa Jazmee]] {{small|(gompieno)}} }} | associated_acts = {{hlist|Kabza De Small|[[Tresor (singer)|TRESOR]]|[[Reason (Sizwe Alakine)|Reason]]}} | past_member_of = [[Uhuru (band)|Uhuru]] }} '''Themba Sonnyboy Sekowe''' o tshotswe ka 15 Ngwanatsele 1987, o itsege ka leina la gagwe la boopedi '''DJ Maphorisa''' (kgotsa '''Madumane'''), ke motsamaisi wa direkoto wa [[Aforika Borwa]], DJ le moopedi. O ne a tuma thata morago ga go tlhagisa dipina di le mmalwa tse di tumileng tsa mefuta e e farologaneng ya mmino, jaaka Uhuru ("Y-Tjukuta"), [[Kwesta]] ("[[Ngud]]'"), [[Busiswa]] ("Lahla"), [[DJ Zinhle]] ("My name Is"), Professor ("Jezebel") le Shekinah ("Suited") e e le mo Star Wars == Tiro == Ka Lwetse 2018, o ne a ntsha pina e le nngwe ya "Midnight Starring" a nale [[Moonchild Sanelly]], [[DJ Tira]] le [[Busiswa]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=WATCH: DJ Maphorisa - Midnight Starring ft. DJ Tira, Busiswa & Moonchild Sanelly|url=https://www.zkhiphani.co.za/watch-dj-maphorisa-midnight-starring-ft-dj-tira-busiswa-moonchild-sanelly/=|first=Mandisa|last=Ntsinde|website=Zkhiphani}}</ref> Kwa dimpong tsa balebeledi ba DStv ka 2018 o ne a tlhophiwa gabedi a thopelwa: Pina e e rategang ya Ngwaga le DJ yo o rategang.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Here are the NOMINEES for 2018 DStv Mzansi Viewers' Choice Awards {{!}} YOMZANSI|url=https://www.yomzansi.com/2018/08/14/nominees-2018-dstv-mzansi-viewers-choice-awards/|date=14 August 2018|website=YoMzansi|access-date=18 July 2022|archive-date=20 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920173103/https://www.yomzansi.com/2018/08/14/nominees-2018-dstv-mzansi-viewers-choice-awards/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=DStv Mzansi Viewers' Choice Awards Nominees announced|url=https://www.dstv.co.za/whats-on/news/articles/dstv-mzansi-viewers-choice-awards-nominees-announced/|date=14 August 2018|website=DStv|access-date=18 July 2022|archive-date=8 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908084853/https://www.dstv.co.za/whats-on/news/articles/dstv-mzansi-viewers-choice-awards-nominees-announced/|url-status=dead}}</ref> === 2019-go fitlha gompieno: Rumble in the Jungle, ''Banyana'' EP === Ka di 9 Moranang 2021, Maphorisa, TRESOR le Kabza De Small ba ne ba golola alebamo ya tirisanommogo ya studio “Rumble in the Jungle".<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kabza De Small & DJ Maphorisa announce joint project, 'Rumble in the Jungle', with Tresor|url=https://thenativemag.com/kabza-de-small-dj-maphorisa-tresor-rumble-jungle/|website=The Native Magazine|date=11 December 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Scorpion Kings and Tresor announce collab album 'Rumble in the Jungle'|url=https://www.iol.co.za/amp/entertainment/music/local/scorpion-kings-and-tresor-announce-collab-album-rumble-in-the-jungle-b13728d3-c2ca-48cb-99e8-6f4692f37a98|first=Entertainment|last=Writer|date=December 11, 2020|website=Independent Online}}</ref> Ka di 16 Moranang 2021, Maphorisa le Tyler ICU ba ne ba ntsha EP ya ''Banyana''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tyler ICU and DJ Maphorisa release joint EP, Banyana {{!}} JustNje|url=https://justnje.com/tyler-icu-and-dj-maphorisa-release-joint-ep-banyana/|website=JustNje|date=16 April 2021|access-date=18 July 2022|archive-date=26 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526231351/https://justnje.com/tyler-icu-and-dj-maphorisa-release-joint-ep-banyana/|url-status=dead}}</ref> EP e, e ne e na le Sir Trill, Daliwonga le Kabza De Small, Mpura, le Visca. Pina e le ngwe ya "Banyana" e ne ya lebelelwa ke batho ba feta dimilione di le 4,2 mme e ne ya amogelwa jaaka platinum gabedi ke intaseteri ya rekoto ya Aforika Borwa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=DJ Maphorisa & Tyler ICU's 'Banyana' has gone double platinum {{!}} Fakaza News|url=https://fakazanews.com/2021/07/06/dj-maphorisa-tyler-icus-banyana-has-gone-double-platinum/|date=July 6, 2021|website=Fakaza News|last=Adejoy}}</ref> Ka 2021, o ne a simolola loeto lwa Lagos a nale Wizkid.<ref>{{Cite web|title=DJ Maphorisa to open for Wizkid's 'Made In Lagos' tour in U.S {{!}} Fakaza News|url=https://fakazanews.com/2021/07/06/dj-maphorisa-to-open-for-wizkids-made-in-lagos-tour-in-u-s/|date=July 6, 2021|last=Adejoy|website=Fakaza News}}</ref> Kwa dimpong tsa Moopelo wa [[Kwaito]] le Moopelo wa House ka 2021 o ne a tlhophiwa go nna DJ yo o gaisang.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/mzansi-kwaito-and-house-music-awards-2021-all-nominees|title=Mzansi Kwaito and House Music Awards 2021: All the nominees|first=Ano|last=Shumba|date=18 June 2021|website=Music In Africa}}</ref> Ka 17 Lwetse 2021, o ne a ntsha pina e le nngwe ya "Abalele" le Kabza De Small e na le Ami Faku.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kabza De Small and DJ Maphorisa release new song 'Abalele' - KAYA 959|url=https://www.kaya959.co.za/kabza-de-small-and-dj-maphorisa-release-new-song-abalele/|first=Poelano|last=Malema|date=17 September 2021|website=KAYA 959}}</ref> Ka Ngwanatsele 2021, o ne a tlhagisa di pina tsa moopedi yo o tsholetsweng kwa Con''go [[TRESOR]]'', "Makosa" le "Nyota" go tswa mo alebamo ya Motion.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://museafrica.com/2021/10/01/tresor-features-kabza-de-small-dj-maphorisa-others-on-motion-album/|title=TRESOR features Kabza De Small, DJ Maphorisa, others on MOTION album|website=museafrica.com|date=October 2021|access-date=15 October 2021}}</ref> == Loeto == === Sehlogo === * O etetse Lagos ka (2021) (a nale Wizkid) * O etetse AmaFest ka (2021)<ref>{{Cite web|title=DJ Maphorisa, Kabza, Cassper, DBN Gogo, Focalistic are taking Amapiano to UK {{!}} Fakaza News|url=https://fakazanews.com/2021/08/05/dj-maphorisa-kabza-cassper-dbn-gogo-focalistic-are-taking-amapiano-to-uk/|website=Fakaza News|date=4 August 2021|last=Adejoy}}</ref> ==Dimpho== ===Dimpho tsa African Muzik Magazine=== {{Awards table}} ! {{Abbrv|Met|References}} |- |2020 | <div style="text-align: center;"> Ene </div> |Modiri wa dipina wa ngwaga |{{nom}} |<ref>{{cite web|title=African Muzik Magazine Awards 2020: All the winners {{!}} Music In Africa |url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/african-muzik-magazine-awards-2020-all-winners| publisher = Music In Africa| first=Gabriel Myers|last= Hansen|date=2020-11-16| access-date =2021-11-20}}</ref> {{end}} === Dimpho tsa balebeledi ba Dstv Mzansi === {{Awards table}} |- |rowspan="2"|2018 | <div style="text-align: center;">"Midnight Starring"</div> | Pina e ratewang ya ngwaga <ref name=#>{{cite web|title=Mzansi Viewers' Choice Awards - the full list of nominees|url=https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/entertainment/2018-08-14-mzansi-viewers-choice-awards-the-full-nlist-of-nominees/|work=Sowetan LIVE|date=14 August 2018}}</ref> | {{nom}} |- | <div style="text-align: center;"> Ene </div> | DJ e ratewang | {{nom}} |- |2022 | <div style="text-align: center;"> Scorpion Kings </div> | DJ e ratewang<ref>{{cite news|title=The DStv Mzansi Viewers' Choice Awards are back {{!}} Drum |url=https://www.snl24.com/drum/celebs/news/the-dstv-mzansi-viewers-choice-awards-are-back-20220413| publisher=Drum| date=2022-04-13| first=Siya| last=Tsewu| access-date= 2022-04-14| location= South Africa| language=en}}</ref> | {{pending}} {{end}} ===Dimpho tsa Humanitarian African Prestigious=== {{Awards table}} |- |rowspan="2"| |rowspan="2"|<div style="text-align: center;">Ene</div> |Modiri wa dipina wa ngwaga<ref name="HAPA">{{Cite web|url=https://www.zkhiphani.co.za/dj-maphorisa-nominated-hapa/|title=DJ Maphorisa is nominated for HAPA|date=23 October 2017}}</ref> |{{nom}} |- |DJ e botoka mo Aforika<ref name="HAPA" /> |{{nominated}} {{end}} ===Dimpho tsa MTV Africa Music=== {{Awards table}} |- |2016 |<div style="text-align: center;">Ene </div> |Pina ya ngwaga<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.okayafrica.com/mtv-africa-music-awards-2016-nominees-mtvmama2016/|title=Here's the Full List of Nominees at the 2016 MTV Africa Music Awards in Johannesburg|website=okayafricasite|date=22 October 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mediaupdate.co.za/media/116038/the-2016-mtv-africa-music-awards-to-rock-johannesburg-in-october|title=The 2016 MTV Africa Music Awards to rock Johannesburg in October|website=Media Update}}</ref> |{{nom}} |- |2020 | |Modiragatsi o botoka mo Aforika<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://zalebs.com/top-of-the/kabza-de-small/dj-maphorisa-kabza-de-small-nominated|title=DJ Maphorisa & Kabza De Small Nominated|website=ZAlebs|access-date=2022-07-18|archive-date=2022-07-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220707171056/https://zalebs.com/top-of-the/kabza-de-small/dj-maphorisa-kabza-de-small-nominated|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.yomzansi.com/2020/10/06/master-kg-kabza-de-small-dj-maphorisa-2020-mtv-ema/|title=Master KG, Kabza De Small & DJ Maphorisa nominated for 2020 MTV EMA &#124; YOMZANSI|date=6 October 2020|website=www.yomzansi.com|access-date=18 July 2022|archive-date=19 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220519142954/https://www.yomzansi.com/2020/10/06/master-kg-kabza-de-small-dj-maphorisa-2020-mtv-ema/|url-status=dead}}</ref> |{{nom}} {{end}} === Dimpho tsa Mzansi Kwaito le Moopelo wa House === {{Awards table}} |- |2018 | <div style="text-align: center;">"Midnight Starring"</div> | Pina e thopilweng thata | {{won}} |- |rowspan="3"|[[6th Mzansi Kwaito and House Music Awards|2021]] |rowspan="3"|<div style="text-align: center;">Ene<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/entertainment/2020-05-03-oskido-maphorisa-score-three-nomination-each-at-mzansi-kwaito-and-house-music-awards/|date=3 May 2020|title=Oskido, Maphorisa score three nomination each at Mzansi Kwaito and House Music Awards|first= Sowetan |last=Reporter}}</ref></div> |Modiri wa dipina o botoka |{{pending}} |- |rowspan="3"|Dipina tsa AmaPiano tse di botoka |{{pending}} |- |{{pending}} {{end}} === Dimpho tsa baopedi ba Amapiano mo Aforika Borwa === {{Awards table}} |- |2021 |<div style="text-align: center;">Ene<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.thesouthafrican.com/lifestyle/entertainment/sa-amapiano-music-awards-look-whos-been-nominated/ |title= SA Amapiano Music Awards: Look who's been nominated! |last=|date=19 July 2021| access-date=20 July 2021|work= thesouthafrican.com}}</ref></div> |Monna o botoka wa amapiano DJ/Modiragatsi |{{nominated}}<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-10-24|title=#SAAmaPianoAwards 2021: See Full List of Winners|url=https://zatunes.co.za/2021/saamapianoawards-2021-see-full-list-of-winners|access-date=2021-11-15|website=ZAtunes|language=en-US}}</ref> {{end}} == Dipina == '''Dialobamo le di-EP tsa tirisanommogo''' * Our Father ({{small|a nale [[Uhuru|Uhuru]]}}) (2013)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://open.spotify.com/album/0OoSrujq3IhCnsd8Et9ktL?si=7vxBe3lVRY6eKTq7m80VQw|title=Our Father|website=Spotify|date=January 2013|access-date=30 September 2021}}</ref> * ''Scorpion Kings EP'' (a nale Kabza De Small) ka (2019)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://iminathi.net/dj-maphorisa-kabza-de-small-scorpion-kings-ep/|title=DJ Maphorisa And Kabza De Small Scorpion Kings EP|website=iminathi|access-date=19 May 2019}}</ref> * The Return of Scorpion Kings (a nale Kabza De Small) ka (2019)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://iminathi.net/dj-maphorisa-kabza-de-small-the-return-of-the-scorpion-kings-ep/|title=DJ Maphorisa And Kabza De Small The Return of Scorpion Kings Album|website=iminathi|date=29 November 2019|access-date=30 November 2019}}</ref> * ''Scorpion King'' Live At Sun Arena (a nale Kabza De Small) ka (2020)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://iminathi.net/kabza-de-small-dj-maphorisa-scorpion-kings-live-at-sun-arena-album/|title=DJ Maphorisa And Kabza De Small Scorpion King Live At Sun Arena Album|website=iminathi|date=31 January 2020|access-date=10 February 2020}}</ref> * Once Upon A Time In A Lockdown (a nale Kabza De Small) ka (2020)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://iminathi.net/dj-maphorisa-kabza-de-small-scorpion-kings-once-upon-a-time-in-lockdown-album/|title=DJ Maphorisa And Kabza De Small Once Upon A Time In A Lockdown Album|website=iminathi|date=5 April 2020|access-date=11 April 2020}}</ref> * Rumble In The Jungle (a nale Kabza De Small le [[Tresor (singer)|TRESOR]] ) ka (2021)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://justnje.com/tresor-kabza-de-small-and-dj-maphorisa-release-rumble-in-the-jungle/|title=Tressor, Kabza De Small and DJ Maphorisa release Rumble In The Jungle|website=Just Nje|date=9 April 2021|access-date=11 April 2021|archive-date=27 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220527225420/https://justnje.com/tresor-kabza-de-small-and-dj-maphorisa-release-rumble-in-the-jungle/|url-status=dead}}</ref> * ''Banyana EP'' ({{small|a nale Tyler ICU}}) ka (2021)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2021-04-19-heres-what-the-streets-thinks-of-dj-maphorisa-and-tyler-icus-banyana-ep/|title=Here's what the streets thinks of DJ Maphorisa and Tyler ICU's 'Banyana' EP|website=Times Live|access-date=21 May 2021}}</ref> ==Metswedi== {{Reflist}} [[Karolo:DJ Maphorisa]] [[Karolo:Madumane]] [[Karolo:Amapiano Artist]] == Career == Ka Lwetse 2018, o ne a golola pina e le nngwe e e bidiwang " Midnight starring" a na le Moonchild Sanelly, DJ Tira le Busiswa . Kwa DStv Mzansi Viewers Choice Awards ya 2018 o ne a bona dikgetho tse pedi: Pina e e rategang ya Ngwaga le DJ e e rategang. <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 August 2018 |title=Here are the NOMINEES for 2018 DStv Mzansi Viewers' Choice Awards {{!}} YOMZANSI |url=https://www.yomzansi.com/2018/08/14/nominees-2018-dstv-mzansi-viewers-choice-awards/ |website=YoMzansi}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 August 2018 |title=DStv Mzansi Viewers' Choice Awards Nominees announced |url=https://www.dstv.co.za/whats-on/news/articles/dstv-mzansi-viewers-choice-awards-nominees-announced/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908084853/https://www.dstv.co.za/whats-on/news/articles/dstv-mzansi-viewers-choice-awards-nominees-announced/ |archive-date=8 September 2021 |access-date=8 September 2021 |website=DStv}}</ref> Ka Ngwanatsele 27, 2018, kwa moletlong wa boraro wa Mzansi Kwaito le House Music Awards pina ya gagwe ya "Midnight Starring" e ne ya fenya sekgele sa pina e e tlhophilweng thata. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Baloyi |first=Era |date=November 27, 2018 |title=All the winners at the 3rd annual Mzansi Kwaito and House Music Awards |url=https://www.quickread.co.za/all-the-winners-at-the-3rd-annual-mzansi-kwaito-and-house-music-awards/ |website=Quickread}}</ref> === <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018_DStv_Mzansi_Viewers%27_Choice_Awards</ref>2019–gompieno: ''Go duma mo Sekgweng'', Piano Hub le EP ya Banyana === 9cbiuyz9ota3upjd2sesbz2eff2oo6z 0 8610 55330 54319 2026-09-23T02:16:09Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55330 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Brendan James Fraser''' (/ˈfreɪzer/ FRAY-zer; o tshotswe ka di 3 Sedimonthole 1968) ke motshameki wa {{Infobox person|name=Brendan Fraser|image=Brendan Fraser October 2022.jpg|alt=Fraser looking to the camera, wearing a suit|caption=Fraser at the 2022 [[Montclair Film|Montclair Film Festival]]|birth_name=Brendan James Fraser|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1968|12|3}}|birth_place=[[Indianapolis]], Indiana, U.S.|citizenship={{hlist|Canada|United States}}|alma mater=[[Cornish College of the Arts]] ([[Bachelor of Fine Arts|BFA]])|occupation=[[Actor]]|years active=1990–present|notable works=[[List of Brendan Fraser performances|Full list]]|spouse(s)={{marriage|Afton Smith<br />|1998|2009|end=divorced}}|children={{marriage|Afton Smith<br />|1998|2009|end=divorced}}|relatives=[[George Genereux]] (uncle)|awards=[[List of awards and nominations received by Brendan Fraser|Full list]]|website={{URL|brendanfraser.com}}}} Amerika-Canada.<ref>{{Cite web|title=UPI Almanac for Tuesday, Dec. 3, 2019|date=3 December 2019|publisher=[[United Press International]]|url=https://www.upi.com/Top_News/2019/12/03/UPI-Almanac-for-Tuesday-Dec-3-2019/5801575163131/|access-date=15 October 2020}}</ref>Fraser o itsege ka seabe sa gagwe se segolo mo difiliming tse di tumileng, metlae, le difilimi tsa terama. O ne a tuma thata ka ntlha ya seabe sa gagwe sa go nna Rick O'Connell mo The Mummy trilogy (1999). [[Category:Articles with hCards]] Fraser o tsholetswe kwa Indianapolis, Indiana, a tsholwa ke batsadi ba kwa Canada mme o ne a fudugela kwa dinageng di sele fa a sa ntse a le ngwana. O ne a aloga kwa Cornish College of the Arts ka 1990, mme a nna le seabe sa gagwe sa ntlha mo difiliming tsa Dogfight (1991). Fraser o simolotse tiro ya gagwe ka difiliming di le dintsi tsa metlae jaaka Encino Man (1992), Airheads (1994), <nowiki><i id="mwIg">George</i></nowiki> of the Jungle (1997), ''Dudley Do-Right'' (1999), Blast from the Past (1999), Vedazzled (2000), ''Monkeybone'' (2001), ''Looney Tunes'': Back in Action (2003) le Furry Vengeance (2010) mmogo le dikarolo tse di eteletseng pele mo difilimin tsa ditoro tsa Journey to the Center of the Earth (2008) le Inkheart (2008). ''Ka'' nako eo o ne a dira gape mo difiliming di le mmalwa tse di kgatlhisang jaaka School Ties (1992), With Honors (1994), The Passion of Darkly Noon (1995), Gods and Monsters (1998), The Quiet American (2002), Crash (2004), Journey to the End of the Night (2006), Extraordinary Measures (2010), No Sudden Move (2021), le The ''Whale'' (2022). Mo godimo ga ''go'' nna motshameki wa difilimi, Fraser o nnile le seabe se se atlegileng mo thelebisheneng, go akaretsa le mo thulaganyong ya History miniseries ''Texas Rising'' (2015), the Showtime drama series The Affair (2016), the FX anthology series Trust (2018), the Epix series ''Condor'' (2018), le DC Universe / HBO Max action series Doom Patrol (2019).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Texar Rising – About|url=http://www.history.com/shows/texas-rising/about|website=History.com|publisher=[[History (U.S. TV network)|History]]|access-date=March 4, 2018}}</ref><ref name="Trust">{{Cite web|title=Brendan Fraser – James Fletcher Chace|url=http://www.fxnetworks.com/shows/trust/cast-crew/brendan-fraser-james-fletcher-chace|website=FXNetworks.com|publisher=[[FX (TV channel)|FX]]|access-date=March 4, 2018}}</ref><ref name="Andreeva">{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2018/08/doom-patrol-brendan-fraser-cast-robotman-cliff-steele-dc-universe-series-1202449702/|title='Doom Patrol': Brendan Fraser To Star As Robotman In DC Universe TV Series|last=Andreeva|first=Nellie|website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]|date=August 21, 2018|access-date=August 21, 2018}}</ref> == Botshelo jwa pele == Fraser, yo mmotlana mo basimaneng ba le bane, o tsholetswe kwa Indianapolis, Indiana, morwa wa batsadi ba kwa Canada e bong Carol Mary (née Genereux; 1937ń2016) le Peter Fraser.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.harveyfuneral.com/obituary/4014880?lud=5EB7B57A9D15CFAC15BB9C5731A001E0|title=Carol G. Fraser Obituary|website=Harvey Family Funeral Home|access-date=2020-03-22}}</ref> Mmaagwe e ne e le mogakolodi wa tsa kgwebo, mme rraagwe e ne e kile ya bo e le mmegadikgang yo o neng a dira jaaka modiredi wa tirelo ya boditšhabatšhaba wa Canada kwa Ofising ya Puso ya Bojanala.<ref name="HoF">{{Cite web|title=2006 Inductees&nbsp;– Brendan Fraser|url=http://www.canadaswalkoffame.com/inductee/brendan-fraser|access-date=August 24, 2008|publisher=Canada's Walk of Fame}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.filmreference.com/film/22/Brendan-Fraser.html|title=Brendan Fraser Biography (1968–)|publisher=Film Reference|access-date=November 2, 2008}}</ref> Malome wa ga mmaagwe, George Genereux, e ne e le ene fela Mo-Canada yo o neng a gapa metale wa gauta mo Diolimpiking tsa Selemo tsa 1952, kwa Olympic Trap.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.latenightwithjimmyfallon.com/video/clips/brendan-fraser-interview-12210/1196094/|title=Daily Highlights&nbsp;– January 10&nbsp;– Brendan Fraser Interview|website=[[Late Night with Jimmy Fallon]]}}</ref> O na le bomogolowe ba le bararo: Kevin, Regan, le Sean. O na le bagologolwane ba Ba-Ireland, Ba-Scotland, Ba-German, Ba-Czech, le Ba-French-Canadian.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://irishamerica.com/2010/02/brendan-fraser-on-playing-john-crowley-in-extraordinary-measures/|title=Brendan Fraser on Playing John Crowley in Extraordinary Measures|publisher=Irish America|first=Kara|last=Rota|date=February–March 2010}}</ref> O na le boagi jwa Canada le Amerika gabedi. Lelapa la ga Fraser le ne la fuduga gantsi fa a santse a le ngwana, ba ne ba nna kwa Eureka, California; Seattle, Washington; Ottawa, Ontario; Netherlands; le Switzerland. O ne a tsena Upper Canada College, sekolo se se ikemetseng ka nosi kwa Toronto.<ref>{{Cite news|date=June 21, 1992|title=UP AND COMING: Brendan Fraser; A Man Schooled for Success|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CE7DE103AF932A15755C0A964958260|first=Jamie|last=Diamond|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=January 8, 2008}}</ref> Fa a ne a le mo malatsing a boikhutso kwa Lontone, Engelane, o ne a nna teng mo motshamekong wa gagwe wa ntlha wa theatre kwa West End, kwa a neng wa simolola go kgatlhegela go nna motshameki. O ne a aloga kwa Cornish College of the Arts kwa Seattle ka 1990.<ref>{{Cite news|date=February 10, 2005|title=Fraser's Edge|url=http://www.cornish.edu/news/2005/05/frasers_edge.html|first=Lisa|last=Halpern|publisher=Cornish College of the Arts|access-date=December 27, 2007|archivedate=December 31, 2007|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071231081159/http://www.cornish.edu/news/2005/05/frasers_edge.html}}</ref> O simolotse go nna motshameki kwa kholetšheng e nnye ya go nna motaki kwa New York City. O ne a rulaganyetsa go ithutela Master of Fine Arts in Acting go tswa kwa Southern Methodist University, mme o ne a ema kwa Hollywood mo tseleng mme a tsaya tshwetso go nna teng go dira mo difiliming.<ref>[https://www.southcoasttoday.com/article/19990525/news/305259932 "Brendan Fraser's eclectic career"]. ''South Coast Today''.</ref> == Tiro ya gagwe == [[Setshwantsho:Brendan Fraser at Canada's Walk of Fame induction.jpg|left|thumb|Brendan Fraser kwa Canada's Walk ya Fame ka 2006]] Ka 1991, Fraser o ne a dira filimi ya gagwe ya ntlha jaaka Seaman yo o neng a ya kwa Vietnam mo Dogfight. O ne a nna le seabe sa gagwe sa ntlha mo baesekopong ya 1992 ya metlae ya Encino Man koo a neng a tshameka ''monna wa'' legaga yo o gatseditsweng wa pele ga hisitori yo o gakologang mo motlheng wa gompieno.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.philstar.com/entertainment/91766/many-faces-brendan-fraser|title=The many faces of Brendan Fraser – Philstar.com|website=philstar.com|date=October 24, 2000}}</ref> Filimi e ne e atlegile go sekae.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ocregister.com/2017/05/22/hey-bu-ddy-encino-man-turns-25-but-heres-where-the-90s-comedy-was-really-filmed|title=Hey bu-ddy! 'Encino Man' turns 25 — but here's where the '90s comedy was really filmed|date=May 23, 2017}}</ref> Mo go one ngwaga oo o ne a tshameka le Matt Damon le Chris O'Donnell mo School Ties. ''Ka'' 1994, o ne a tshameka Steve Nebraska mo The Scout le Montgomery "Monty" Kessler mo With Honors mmogo le go tshameka mmogo le Adam Sandler le Steve Buscemi mo Airheads. Tsotlhe tse tharo e ne e le go palelwa ga diofisi tsa matlole. O ne a tshameka mo difiliming tse dingwe jaaka Philip Ridley's The Passion of Darkly Noon (1995) le The Twilight of the Golds (1997) tse le tsone di neng tsa se ka tsa atlega mo diofising tsa bobogedi. Gape o ne a na le seabe se sennye mo baesekopong ya Now and Then (1995). O ne a nna le katlego ya gagwe ya ntlha e kgolo mo diofising tsa bobogedi ka filimi ya metlae ya 1997 ya ''George''<ref name="boxofficemojo.com">{{Cite web|url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/news/?id=2744|title=Bankability Breakdown: Brendan Fraser – Box Office Mojo|website=Box Office Mojo}}</ref> of the Jungle e e neng e theilwe mo tatelanong ya metlae e e nang le leina le le tshwanang e e tlhamilweng ke Jay Ward. O ne a tlotlomadiwa ke batshwayadiphoso ka ntlha ya seabe sa gagwe se segolo mo go Gods and Monsters ya 1998, e e neng e theilwe mo botshelong jwa ga James Whale (Ian McKellen), yo o neng a rutuntsha ''Frankenstein''. Filimi eo e ne e kwadilwe le go rutuntshiwa ke Bill Condon, mme e latela go latlhegelwa ke bokgoni jwa go tlhama, tlhakanelodikobo e e sa utlwaleng le kamano fa gare ga modiri wa tshingwana wa bong jo bo sa tshwaneng (yo o tshamekwang ke Fraser) le motsamaisi wa difilimi wa mosodoma, yo o tlhokofaditsweng le yo o lwalang (yo o tshamikiwang ke Ian McKellen)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Gods and Monsters Credits|url=http://www.godsandmonsters.net/credits.htm|publisher=Gods and Monsters Official site|access-date=August 24, 2008}}</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Brendan_Fraser_crop.jpg|left|thumb|Fraser kwa Toronto ka Seetebosigo 2006]] Katlego ya gagwe e kgolo ya kgwebo e ne ya nna fa a ne a tshameka Rick O'Connell mo baesekopong ya The Mummy (1999) le The Mummy Returns (2001).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=mummy.htm|title=The Mummy (1999) – Box Office Mojo|website=Box Office Mojo}}</ref> Mo gare ga diphitlhelelo tse, o ne gape a tshameka mo di-box office bombs ''Dudley Do-Right'' (1999) (e e neng e theilwe mo thulaganyong e nngwe ya Jay Ward animated series) le ''Monkeybone'' (2001); le fa a ne a na le katlego e e lekanetseng ka 1999 romantic comedy Blast from the Past le 2000 fantasy comedy Bedazzled, e e neng e dirilwe sesha filimi ya Boritane ya 1967 ya leina le le tshwanang.<ref name="boxofficemojo.com"/> O ne a adimana lentswe la gagwe mo baesekopong e e iseng e gololwe ya Big Bug Man, le Marlon Brando. Ka ngwaga wa 2002, o ne a tshameka mmogo le Michael Caine mo terameng ya sepolotiki ya The Quiet American e e neng ya amogelwa sentle ke basekasiki.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/1118347_quiet_american|title=The Quiet American|website=Rotten Tomatoes}}</ref> Mo ngwageng o o latelang, o ne a tshameka mo baesekopong ya ''Looney Tunes'': Back in Action jaaka motho yo o eteletseng pele, D.J. Drake (o ne gape a ntsha lentswe la ga Diabolo wa Tasmania). Ka ngwaga wa 2004, o ne a tlhagelela jaaka karolo ya setlhopha sa batshameki mo baesekopong e e gapileng Academy Award ya Crash.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vulture.com/2016/12/crash-oscar-best-picture-oral-history-c-v-r.html|title=How ''Crash'' Crashed the Oscars|date=December 5, 2016|website=Vulture|last=Stacey Wilson Hunt}}</ref> [[Setshwantsho:7.27.08BrendanFraser.jpg|right|thumb|Fraser kwa tiragalong ya ntlha ya The Mummy: Tomb of the Dragon Emperor ka Phukwi 2008]] O ne a tlhagelela jaaka moeng mo dithulaganyong tsa thelebishene tsa Scrubs, King of the Hill, le The Simpsons. Ka Mopitlo 2006, o ne a tsenngwa mo Walk of Fame ya Canada, motshameki wa ntlha yo o tsholetsweng kwa Amerika go amogela tlotla eo.<ref name="HoF"/> Le fa go ntse jalo, go tloga ka 2022, ga a na naledi mo Hollywood Walk of Fame. Morago ga dingwaga di le thataro a sa tlhole a le teng, Fraser o ne a boa gape a tla go tsweledisa The Mummy ya bobedi e e neng ya gololwa ka Phatwe 2008 mme ya bidiwa The Mummy: Tomb of the Dragon Emperor. Go kapa ditswhantsho go simolotse kwa Montreal Phukwi a tlhola malatsi a le masome mabedi le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2007, mme filimi eo gape e ne e na le Jet Li jaaka Emperor Han. Mo go one ngwaga oo, o ne a tshameka mo baesekopong ya 3D ya Jules Verne's Journey to the Center of the Earth le mo baesekopo ya fantasy ya Inkheart (e e tlhophilweng ka boene go nna le seabe se segolo ke mokwadi wa buka Cornelia Funke). Fraser o ne a tshameka e le "Brick" mo West End production ya Tennessee Williams's Cat on a Hot Tin Roof ka Lwetse 2001, e e neng e kaelwa ke Anthony Page. Badirimmogo le bone ba ne ba akaretsa Ned Beatty, Frances O'Connor le Gemma Jones. Pontsho e ne ya tswalwa ka Pherekgong 12, 2002, mme Fraser o ne a bona maduo a mantsi a a molemo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.albemarle-london.com/Archive/ArchiveShow.php?Show_Name=Cat%20on%20a%20Hot%20Tin%20Roof|title=Albemarle&nbsp;– Archive|publisher=Albemarle-london.com|access-date=November 2, 2008|archive-date=September 26, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080926112720/http://www.albemarle-london.com/Archive/ArchiveShow.php?Show_Name=Cat%20on%20a%20Hot%20Tin%20Roof|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ka 2010, Fraser o ne a tshameka mo motshamekong wa Broadway wa Elling, mme motshameko o ne wa tswalwa morago ga beke e le nngwe, ka ntlha ya maduo a a sa itumediseng.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-11848038|title=Brendan Fraser Broadway debut shuts after one week|publisher=BBC|access-date=November 29, 2010}}</ref> Morago ga go tlhagelela mo Furry Vengeance ka 2010, Fraser o ne a tlogela go emelwa ke William Morris Endeavor ''go'' ya go Creative Artists Agency.<ref name="Masarella 2011 last update">{{Cite news|url=http://www.torontosun.com/entertainment/movies/2011/03/25/17752621.html|title=Fraser finds 'Sole' in Ireland|access-date=March 27, 2011}}</ref> Ka 2010, o ne a tshameka mo Whole ''Lotta Sole'' e e neng e kaelwa ke Terry George mme ka 2011, o ne a rulaganyeditswe go tshameka William Tell mo The Legend of William Tell: 3D, e e neng ya kaelwa ke Eric Brevig, yo Fraser a neng a kile a bereka le ene mo Journey to the Center of the Earth.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thefilmstage.com/news/eric-brevig-re-teaming-with-brendan-fraser-for-william-tell-3d/|title=Eric Brevig Re-Teaming with Brendan Fraser for 'William Tell 3D'|publisher=TheFilmStage.com|date=September 7, 2011|access-date=April 22, 2012}}</ref> Go kapa ditshwantsho go ne ga diiega mme kwa bokhutlong jwa 2011, Fraser o ne a sekisa motsamaisi Todd Moyer ka tuelo e a e solofeditsweng. Moragonyana Moyer o ne a mo latofatsa ka go mo tlhasela, mme Fraser o ne a kaya fa se e le maiteko a go batla go tila go duela sekoloto sa gagwe.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Producer Todd Moyer Files Lawsuit Against Brendan Fraser, After Fraser Sued Moyer|url=https://deadline.com/2012/07/producer-todd-moyer-files-lawsuit-against-brendan-fraser-alleging-assault-after-fraser-sued-moyer-300331/|access-date=February 5, 2016|publisher=Penske Business Media, LLC}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/brendan-fraser-sued-by-producer-for-alleged-battery-2012-7?IR=T|title=Brendan Fraser Sued By Producer For Alleged Battery|access-date=August 20, 2016}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2013, o ne a tshameka motshameki wa Elvis Presley mo motshamekong wa black comedy Pawn Shop Chronicles.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.firstshowing.net/2012/elijah-wood-brendan-fraser-many-more-tell-pawn-shop-chronicles/|title=Elijah Wood, Brendan Fraser & Many More Tell 'Pawn Shop Chronicles'}}</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Brendan_Fraser_(30864334034)_(cropped).jpg|left|thumb|Fraser kwa New York City ka Sedimonthole 2016]] Ka 2016, Fraser o ne a tsena mo boemong jwa ga Ray Liotta mo terameng ya Bollywood ya Line of Descent.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/brendan-fraser-replaces-ray-liotta-903015|title=Brendan Fraser Replaces Ray Liotta in Indian Mafia Thriller 'The Field'|last=Bhushan|first=Nyay|date=June 15, 2016|website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|access-date=June 15, 2016}}</ref> Moragonyana Fraser o ne a tsena mo setlhopheng sa batshameki ba ba neng ba tlhola ba tshameka mo thulaganyong ya thelebishene ya The Affair ka paka ya boraro fa a ne a tshameka modisa wa kgolegelo yo o neng a na le maikutlo a a sa itumediseng e bong Gunther.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tv.avclub.com/an-unrecognizable-brendan-fraser-shows-up-to-give-the-a-1798189735|title=An unrecognizable Brendan Fraser shows up to give ''The Affair'' a menacing twist|first=Gwen|last=Ihnat|website=[[The A.V. Club]]|date=December 5, 2016|access-date=November 24, 2022|archive-date=January 28, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180128021215/https://tv.avclub.com/an-unrecognizable-brendan-fraser-shows-up-to-give-the-a-1798189735|url-status=dead}}</ref> O ne a tshameka James Fletcher Chace yo o neng a baakanya lelwapa la ga Getty mo tatelanong ya FX anthology Trust, e e neng ya tlhagelela e le lantlha ka Mopitlo a tlhola malatsi a le masome mabedi le botlhano ka 2018.<ref name="Trust"/> Fraser o ne a tshameka Clifford "Cliff" Steele / Robotman mo thulaganyong ya thelebishene ya Titans, mme Jake Michaels o ne a emela Robotman. O ne a boa gape a nna le seabe mo thulaganyong ya Doom ''Patrol'', koo a neng a ntsha lentswe la motho mme a tlhagelela jaaka Steele mo ditlhatlhobong; Riley Shanahan o ne a tsaya maemo a ga Jake Michaels mo go Titans o ne a tshameka Robotman.<ref name="Andreeva"/> Go tlhagelela ga gagwe go ne ga dira gore dikgatiso di le dintsi di re go boa ga gagwe ka tshoganyetso go bidiwa "Brenaissance".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theringer.com/2016/12/28/16042156/brendan-fraser-renaissance-the-affair-d15e21e1e7d1|title=Let the Brendan Fraser Renaissance Begin|website=The Ringer|last=McNear|first=Claire|date=December 28, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://culturedvultures.com/brenaissance-is-here/|title=STEP ASIDE MCCONAUGHEY, THE BRENAISSANCE IS HERE|website=Cultured Vulture|last=Codrai|first=Lorna|date=November 30, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tvguide.com/news/trust-brendan-fraser-brenaissance/|title=Trust: Brendan Fraser's Brenaissance Is Here, and It's Glorious|website=TV Guide|last=Mathews|first=Liam|date=April 1, 2018}}</ref> Ka Lwetse 2020, Fraser o ne a tlhophiwa go nna segongwana sa dinokwane Doug Jones mo baesekopong ya bokebekwa ya ''ga'' Steven Soderbergh ya No Sudden Move, e e neng ya gololwa ka 2021. Ka Ngwanatsele 2021, Fraser o ne a itsisiwe jaaka motshameki yo mogolo mo filiming ya ga Darren Aronofsky ya The ''Whale''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20220904-the-whale-review-brendan-fraser-deserves-an-oscar|title=The Whale review: 'Brendan Fraser deserves an Oscar'|last=Barber|first=Nicholas|date=4 September 2022|publisher=BBC News}}</ref> Filimi eo e ne ya bontshiwa e le la ntlha kwa Venice International Film Festival ka Lwetse 2022. Tiro ya ga Fraser e ne ya akgolwa thata mme baesekopo e ne ya amogelwa ka metsotso e le merataro e eme ka diatla tsoopedi kwa moletlong.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Setoodeh|first=Ramin|date=2022-09-04|title=Brendan Fraser Breaks Down in Tears as 'The Whale' Gets Huge 6-Minute Standing Ovation in Venice|url=https://variety.com/2022/film/news/brendan-fraser-cries-the-whale-venice-standing-ovation-1235337836/|access-date=2022-09-04|website=Variety}}</ref> Ka Phatwe wa one ngwaga oo, Fraser o ne a itsisiwe jaaka karolo ya batshameki ba filimi ya ga Martin Scorsese ya Killers of the Flower Moon, mmogo le filimi ya metlae ya ga Max Barbakow ya Brothers.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Grobar|first=Matt|date=2021-08-03|title=Brendan Fraser Boards Martin Scorsese's 'Killers Of The Flower Moon' & Legendary Comedy 'Brothers'|url=https://deadline.com/2021/08/brendan-fraser-joins-killers-of-the-flower-moon-brothers-apple-martin-scorsese-legendary-1234808025/|access-date=2021-08-03|website=Deadline}}</ref> Ka Ngwanatsele 2021, Fraser o ne a tlhophiwa go nna motlhasedi Firefly mo baesekopong ya superhero ''Batgirl'', e e neng e dirilwe mo DC Extended Universe; go gololwa ga baesekopo go ne ga phimolwa ka Phatwe 2022 morago ga phetogo mo dilong tse di tlang pele mo setediong sa Warner Bros.<ref name="Batgirl">{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2021/10/batgirl-brendan-fraser-leslie-grace-1234861890/|title='Batgirl': Brendan Fraser To Play Villain In New Warner Bros. And DC Pic Starring Leslie Grace|website=Deadline Hollywood|first=Justin|last=Kroll|date=October 25, 2021|access-date=October 25, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Hermanns|first=Grant|date=2022-09-03|title=Why Brendan Fraser Is Disappointed By Batgirl Movie Cancellation|url=https://screenrant.com/batgirl-movie-cancellation-brendan-fraser-response/|access-date=2022-09-05|website=ScreenRant}}</ref> Ka bofefo morago ga go goroga kwa Los Angeles, Fraser o ne a kopana le motshameki wa metshameko Afton Smith fa a ne a le kwa moletlong wa barbecue kwa ntlong ya ga Winona Ryder ka Phukwi a tlhola gane , 1993. Ba nyalane ka Lwetse a le masome mabedi le boksupa ka 1998, mme ba nna le barwa ba le bararo: Griffin Arthur Fraser (yo o tshotsweng ka 2002), Holden Fletcher Fraser (yo o tshotsweng ka 2004), le Leland Francis Fraser ( yo o tshotsweng ka 2006).<ref name="CBS">{{Cite news|date=November 13, 2003|title=Brendan Fraser's Looney Adventure|publisher=CBS|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2003/11/12/earlyshow/leisure/celebspot/main583274.shtml|access-date=August 24, 2008}}</ref> Mo potsolotsong ya 2018 le GQ, Fraser o ne a senola gore morwawe wa leitibolo, Griffin, o ne a le mo setlhopheng sa autism. Morago ga gore ntlo ya bone kwa Beverly Hills, California e rekisiwe ka Moranang 2007 ka $ 3 million, mogasi wa Fraser o ne a itsise ka Sedimonthole 2007 gore banyalani ba sweditse go tlhalana.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.foxnews.com/leisure/2016/08/10/brendan-fraser-former-mid-century-modern-home-back-on-market-for-44m/|title=Brendan Fraser's Former Mid-Century Modern Home Back on the Market for $4.4M|date=August 10, 2016|access-date=August 20, 2016|archivedate=August 15, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160815005034/http://www.foxnews.com/leisure/2016/08/10/brendan-fraser-former-mid-century-modern-home-back-on-market-for-44m/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=December 27, 2007|title=Brendan Fraser and Wife to Divorce|url=http://www.theinsideronline.com/news/2007/12/14896/index.html|publisher=The Insider|access-date=December 27, 2007|archive-date=March 1, 2008|archive-url=https://archive.is/20080301213624/http://www.theinsideronline.com/news/2007/12/14896/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Fraser o ne a laelwa go duela madi a a neng a duelwa kgwedi le kgwedi a $50 000 ka lobaka lwa dingwaga di le 10 kgotsa go fitlha Smith a nyala gape, se se neng sa diragala pele, mo godimo ga tuelo ya kgwedi le kgwedi ya $25 000 ya go tlamela ngwana.<ref name="caselaw">{{Cite web|title=FindLaw's Superior Court of Connecticut case and opinions.|url=https://caselaw.findlaw.com/ct-superior-court/1662208.html|access-date=2021-08-05|website=Findlaw}}</ref> Mo masimologong a ngwaga wa 2011, Fraser o ne a dira kopo kwa dikgotlatshekelong gore go fokodiwe dituelo tsa gagwe tsa go tlamela, a bolela gore o ne a sa kgone go fitlhelela maikarabelo a ngwaga le ngwaga a $600,000; o ne a se ka a ganetsa dituelo tsa go tlamela bana.<ref name="caselaw" /> Kwa bokhutlong jwa 2011, Smith o ne a latofatsa Fraser ka tsietso ka go fitlha dithoto tsa madi le ''go'' sa senole ditumalano tsa difilimi tsa Extraordinary Measures le Furry Vengeance.<ref name="caselaw" /> Ka 2014, kgotlatshekelo e ne a atlhola kgatlhanong le kopo ya ga Fraser ya go fokotsa madi a a molemeng le kgatlhanong le ditatofatso tsa ga Smith tsa tsietso.<ref name="caselaw" /> Batsadi ka bobedi ba ne ba tlotlomadiwa ka go nna le seabe ka matlhagatlhaga mo matshelong a bomorwaabone.<ref name="caselaw" /> Go tswa ka Tlhakole 2018[update], Fraser a nna kwa [[Bedford (toropo), New York|Bedford, New York]]. Fraser o bua [[Sefora]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=BBC&nbsp;– Films&nbsp;– Brendan Fraser|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/films/2004/01/30/brendan_fraser_looney_tunes_interview.shtml|publisher=BBC|access-date=February 27, 2008}}</ref> mme o direla mo lekgotleng la batsamaisi ba FilmAid International.<ref>{{Cite web|title=filmaid.org Newsletter|url=http://filmaid.org/gala.newsletter.html|publisher=[[FilmAid International]]|access-date=February 27, 2008|archive-date=July 6, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070706080546/http://filmaid.org/gala.newsletter.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ke motshwantshi yo o nang le bokgoni mme o dirisitse dikhamera di le mmalwa mo difiliming le mo dithulaganyong tsa thelebishene, segolobogolo mo ditirong tsa gagwe tsa baeng mo Scrubs.<ref name="HoF"/> o tlhageletse lantlha a dirisa filimi ya Polaroid pack, mme o ne a tlhagelela lekgetlo la bobedi, a dirisa Holga e e nang le Polaroid back, e leng mofuta wa Sejapane fela. Buka ya Collector's Guide to Instant Cameras e na le boineelo go Fraser.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.techradar.com/how-to/photography-video-capture/cameras/30-celebrity-photographers-who-are-actually-celebrities-1320886/2|title=30 celebrity photographers who are actually celebrities|access-date=April 5, 2018|language=en}}</ref> Gape ke motshameki yo o nang le bokgoni jwa go hula ka bora.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.radiotimes.com/tv/comedy/brendan-fraser-on-archery-aliens-and-the-return-of-the-mummy/|title=Brendan Fraser on archery, aliens and the return of The Mummy|date=March 7, 2014|first=Susanna|last=Lazarus|access-date=October 13, 2022}}</ref> Dilo tse Fraser a neng a di dira mo ditirong tsa gagwe le mo ditirong tse a neng a na le tsone di ne tsa dira gore a dire dikaro di le mmalwa mo lobakeng lwa dingwaga di le supa, go akaretsa go baakanya lengole, go dira laminectomy, le go dira dikaro tsa mogala wa lentswe.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://people.com/health/brendan-fraser-destroyed-body-movie-stunts/|title=Brendan Fraser Says He Destroyed His Body Doing Movie Stunts: 'I Was Probably Trying too Hard'|date=February 22, 2018|access-date=October 19, 2018}}</ref> Ka 2018, Fraser o ne a tlhaselwa ka tlhakanelodikobo ke Philip Berk, yo e neng e le moporesidente wa nako eo wa Hollywood Foreign Press Association (HFPA), ka nako ya dijo tsa motshegare mo bogareng jwa 2003. Tlhaselo e go neng go twe ke ya gagwe, tlhalo ya gagwe e e neng ya latela, le loso lwa ga mmaagwe di ne tsa dira gore Fraser a tshwenyege thata mo maikutlong, mme seno se ne sa dira gore a emise tiro ya gagwe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://abcnews.go.com/GMA/Culture/brendan-fraser-metoo-story/story?id=53289449|title=Brendan Fraser says he has his own #MeToo story|website=ABC News|date=February 22, 2018|first=Jim|last=Vojtech|access-date=May 27, 2018}}</ref> Dikgatiso di le mmalwa le badirisi ba metswedi ya loago ba ne ba tlhalosa gore Fraser o ne a "tlhotswe" go tswa kwa Hollywood ka ntlha ya ditatofatso tsa gagwe kgatlhanong le Berk, ditatofatso tse Berk a di ganetsang.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ladbible.com/entertainment/the-reason-why-brendan-fraser-was-blacklisted-from-hollywood-for-yea-20220727|title=The Reason Why Brendan Fraser Was 'Blacklisted' From Hollywood For Years|website=LAD Bible|date=July 27, 2022|first=Niamh|last=Spence|access-date=September 10, 2022}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Brendan Fraser Won't Attend Golden Globes After Sexual Assault Allegations Against Former HFPA President|url=https://people.com/movies/brendan-fraser-wont-attend-golden-globes-after-alleged-sexual-assault-hfpa-president/|access-date=2022-11-16|website=Peoplemag}}</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, Fraser o rile o dumela gore o ne a tsenngwa mo lenaaneng le le sa siamang kwa Hollywood, ka ntlha ya ditlamorago tsa ditiragalo tseno.<ref name=":0" /> ''Go'' farologana le seo, Fraser gape o ne a tlhalosa fa a ne a tlhagelela ka 2019 mo thulaganyong ya radio ya Sway in the Morning, "Ga ke akanye gore HFPA tota e na le maatla a mantsi jalo".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h0p7T0Pc68M|title=Brendan Fraser on 'Doom Patrol' Role & If He Felt Blacklisted After Sexual Assault Claims|website=Sway in the Morning. Episode dated April 18, 2019|date=April 18, 2019|access-date=September 10, 2022}}</ref> Mme ka 2022, Fraser o ne a begela ''GQ'' gore fa a ka tlhophiwa ke HFPA ka filimi ya gagwe ya bosheng ya The ''Whale'', o tla "seke a tseye karolo" ka ntlha ya "hisitori" e a nang le yone le mokgatlho o o sa direng dipoelo, HFPA, o o tlhophang dikgele tsa Golden Globe.<ref name=":0" /> == Go thusa batho == [[Setshwantsho:The Whale Venice.jpg|thumb|Press conference ya "The Whale" kwa Venice]] Fa e sale ka 2018, Fraser e ntse e le moatlhodi yo o tumileng mo moletlong wa ngwaga le ngwaga wa Dancing Stars of Greenwich charity gala o o kgobokanyang madi a mokgatlho o o sa direng poelo wa Abilis, mokgatlho o wa selegae o o tshegetsang batho ba ba fetang 800 le malapa a bone a a nang le bogole kwa Fairfield County, Connecticut.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://greenwichdancingstars.com/celebrity-judges|title=Dancing Stars of Greenwich Celebrity Judges|access-date=October 27, 2022|archive-date=October 27, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221027202345/https://greenwichdancingstars.com/celebrity-judges|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="gtime2022">{{Cite web|url=https://www.greenwichtime.com/news/article/Celebrations-Greenwich-teen-top-dancer-17519759.php|title=Greenwich teen is top dancer, fundraiser at Abilis dance-off benefit|date=October 23, 2022|access-date=November 24, 2022|archive-date=November 1, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101081906/https://www.greenwichtime.com/news/article/Celebrations-Greenwich-teen-top-dancer-17519759.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mosadi wa gagwe wa pele, Afton Fraser, le ene o tsaya karolo mo kgaisanong ya go tantsha.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.greenwichtime.com/local/article/Dancers-bring-star-power-to-benefit-for-Abilis-13242403.php|title=Dancers Bring Star Power to Benefit for Abilis|access-date=2022-11-24|archive-date=2022-10-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221027202338/https://www.greenwichtime.com/local/article/Dancers-bring-star-power-to-benefit-for-Abilis-13242403.php|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="gtime2022" /> Ka 2022, Afton le Brendan Fraser ba ne ba amogela Sekgele sa Heart of Abilis Award ka ntlha ya tshegetso ya bone le tiro ya go kokoanya madi a mokgatlho ono.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xmFDBylWzBU&t=889s|title=2022 Abilis Annual Meeting|website=[[YouTube]]}}</ref> == Difilimi == == Dituelo le go tlhophiwa == {| class="wikitable" !Ngwaga !Kamano !Setlhopha !Tiro !Matswela !Ref |- |1993 |Sekgele sa Chicago Film Critics Association |Motshameki yo o Solofetsang go Gaisa |''Monna wa Encino'' le ''Dikamano tsa Sekolo'' | {{nom}} | |- |1997 |Sekgele sa Seattle International Film Festival |Motshameki yo o Gaisang |''O Sa ntse o Khutsa'' | {{won}} | |- |1998 |Sekgele sa Boitlosobodutu sa Blockbuster |Motshameki yo o Ratang - Lelapa |''George wa Sekgwa'' | {{nom}} | |- |1999 |Dituelo tsa Chlotrudis |Motshameki yo o Thusang yo o Gaisang |''Medimo le Dilalome'' | {{nom}} | |- | rowspan="2" |2000 |Sekgele sa Saturn |Motshameki yo o Gaisang |''Setopo se se Beetsweng'' | {{nom}} | |- |Sekgele sa Boitlosobodutu sa Blockbuster |Motshameki yo o Ratang |''Setopo se se Beetsweng'' | {{nom}} | |- |2001 |Sekgele sa Teen Choice |Baesekopo e e Tlhophilweng Motshameki |''Setopo se se Beetsweng se Boile'' | {{nom}} | |- | rowspan="2" |2002 |Dituelo tsa Bana ba ba Tlhophilweng |Motshameki wa Baesekopo yo a Ratang |''Setopo se se Beetsweng se Boile'' | {{nom}} | |- |Sekgele sa Mokgatlho wa Difilimi le Thelebishene mo Internet |Motshameki yo o Gaisang wa Moeng mo Diterong Tsa Metlae |''Matlhotlhapelo'' | {{nom}} | |- |2004 |Sekgele sa Mokgatlho wa Difilimi le Thelebishene mo Internet |Motshameki yo o Gaisang wa Moeng mo Diterong Tsa Metlae |''Matlhotlhapelo'' | {{won}} | |- | rowspan="2" |2005 |Dituelo tsa Gotham |Setlhopha se se di Gaisang Tsotlhe |''Go wa'' | {{nom}} | |- |Sekgele sa Hollywood Film Festival |Setlhopha sa Ngwaga |''Go wa'' | {{won}} | |- | rowspan="2" |2006 |Mokgatlho wa Batshwayadiphoso ba Difilimi tsa Broadcast |Badiragatsi ba ba Gaisang |''Go wa'' | {{won}} | |- |Sekgele sa Screen Actors Guild Award |Tiro e e Tlhomologileng ya Motshameki yo o Tlhophilweng mo Baesekopong |''Go wa'' | {{won}} | |- | rowspan="2" |2008 |Dituelo tsa Bosetšhaba Tsa Dibaesekopo |Tiro e e Gaisang ya Monna |''Setopo se se omisitsweng: Lebitla la Mmusimogolo wa Kgogela'' | {{nom}} | |- |Sekgele sa ShoWest |Sekgele sa Dingwaga di le Lesome tse di Tlhomologileng Tsa Katlego mo Difiliming |''Ene ka Boene'' | {{won}} | |- |2009 |IGN Summer Movie Awards |Cameo e e Ratang |''G.I. Joe: The Rise of Cobra'' | {{nom}} | |- | rowspan="3" |2022 |Super Awards e Batshwayadiphoso ba e Tlhophileng |Motshameki yo o di Gaisang Tsotlhe mo Motshamekong wa Superhero |''Patrol ya go Latlha'' | {{nom}} | |- |Dituelo tsa TIFF Tribute |Sekgele sa Motshameki | rowspan="2" |''Whale'' | {{won}} | |- |Gotham Independent Film Awards |Tiro e e Tlhomologileng ya Boeteledipele | {{pending}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/2022/film/news/gotham-awards-nominations-full-list-1235413626/|title='Tár' Leads Gotham Awards Nominations: Full List|website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|first=Ethan|last=Shanfield|date=October 25, 2022|access-date=October 25, 2022}}</ref> |} == Ditshupiso == {{Reflist}} == Dikarolo tse di kwa ntle == * Brendan Fraser – official site * Brendan Fraser at IMDb * Brendan Fraser at AllMovie * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100720033500/http://blogs.amctv.com/movie-blog/2010/07/brendan-frasers-best-movies.php Brendan Fraser] best movies blog (archive) [[Karolo:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 6rzaabupcdxz5gpoaj00hdprfbp8lq7 0 8632 55326 48830 2026-09-23T01:01:07Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 11 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55326 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:FIFA_logo_without_slogan.svg|thumb|Sekano ya FIFA]] [[Setshwantsho:World_cup_hosts2.png|right|thumb|Mmepe wa batshegetsi ba makgaolakgang a FIFA World Cup, 19302022. Botala jo bo tseneletseng: gararo; botala jo bo fa gare: gabedi; botala jwa lime: gangwe; botala jo bo tseneletseng - bo rulagantse go fitlha ka 2026]] Mafatshe le le lesome le borobedi a ile a nna batshegetsi ba FIFA World Cup mo dikgaisanong di le masome a mabedi le bongwe tsa kgaisano ee fa e sale World Cup simologa ka [[1930 FIFA World Cup|1930]]. Mokgatlho wa ntlha o ne wa naya mafatshe go tshegetsa dikokoano tsa bokopano jwa FIFA. Go tlhophiwa ga lefelo go ne ga nna le ngagisano mo metshamekong ya ntlha, ka ntlha yasekgala sa mosepele wa dibeke tse tharo ka mokoro fa gare ga Amerika Borwa le Yuropa, mafelo a mabedi a a ne itsege a le maatla mo kgweleng ya dinao ka nako eo. Tshwetso ya go tshwara Metshameko ya kgwele ya dinao ya ntlha kwa Uruguay (sekai) e ne ya dira gore mafatshe a le mane fela a Yuropa e nne one a a tsenelelang kgaisano.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport3/worldcup2002/hi/history/newsid_1632000/1632201.stm "History of 1930 World Cup". BBC Sport]. 11 April 2002. [https://web.archive.org/web/20031122125127/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport3/worldcup2002/hi/history/newsid_1632000/1632201.stm Archived from the original] on 22 November 2003. Retrieved 13 April 2006.</ref> Dikgaisano tse pedi tse di neng di latela tsa World Cup di ne tsa ya go tshwarelwa kwa Yuropa. Tshwetso ya go tshwara labobedi ya dikgaisano tsa, 1938 FIFA World Cup, kwa Fora e ne e tletse ngangisano, ka gonne mafatshe a Amerika Borwa a ne a dumela ebile a tlhaloganya gore World Cup e tla dikologa fa gare ga dikontinente tse pedi fela. Ka jalo, Argentina le Uruguay di ne tsa gana go tsenelela kgaisano ee.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/mens/worldcup/1938france|title=France 1938 FIFA World Cup site|access-date=13 April 2006}}</ref> Kgaisano ya ntlha morago ga Ntwa ya Lefatshe II, e e neng e tshwaretswe kwa Brazil ka 1950, e ne ya welwa ke seru sa gore ditlhopha di le tharo di ikgogele morago ka ntlha ya mathata a madi kgotsa go sa dumalane le mokgatlho.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/mens/worldcup/1950brazil|title=Brazil 1950 FIFA World Cup site|access-date=13 April 2006}}</ref> Go tila ngangisano epe mo isagong, FIFA e ne ya simolola mokgwa wa go neelana go tshegetsa magareng ga Amerika le Yuropa, mokgwa o o ne wa tswelela go fitlha ka 2002 FIFA World Cup kwa Asia. Tsamaiso ee e ne ya fetoga gore lefatshe le le tla amogelang kopano jaanong le tlhophiwe ka ditlhopho kwa FIFA's Congress. Sena se dirwa ka fa tlase ga tsamaiso e e feletseng ya ditlhopho. Tshwetso e dirwa mo dingwageng di le supa pele ga kgaisano, le fa baamogedi ba kgaisano ya 2022 ba ne ba tlhophiwa ka nako e le nngwe le ba kgaisano wa 2018. Mexico, Italy, France, Germany (West Germany go fitlha morago ga 1990 World Cup) le Brazil e ne e le batshegetsi ba tiragalo e makgetho a le mabedi. Estadio Azteca ya Mexico City le Maracanã ya [[Rio de Janeiro]] ke one fela mafelo a a kileng a tshwara makgaolakgang a FIFA World Cup gabedi. 2002 FIFA World Cup ke yone fela e e neng e na le barulaganyi ba le babedi, e kgaogantswe magareng ga Japane le Korea Borwa, ka 2026 go tla nna le barulaganyi ba le bararo: United States, Canada, le Mexico. Uruguay ka 1930, Italy ka 1934, Engelane ka 1966, West Germany ka 1974, Argentina ka 1978 le Fora ka 1998 ke Mafatshe a a rulagantseng kgaisano ya World Cup mme a e fenya. Fa Canada,Mexic, United States e tsenya kopo ya go tshegetsa Sejana sa Lefatshe sa FIFA sa 2026, kgaisano ee e tla nna ya ntlha go tshwarwa ke mafatshe a a fetang bobedi. Mexico e tla nna lefatshe la ntlha go tshwara dikgaisano di le tharo tsa banna tsa World Cup mme Estadio Azteca yone, fa e ka tlhophiwa, e tla nna setadiamo sa ntlha go tshwara dikgaisano di le tharo tša World Cup. == Lenaane la baamogedi == == 1930 FIFA World Cup ==   Dikopo: *  Hungary *  Italy *  Netherlands *  Spain *  Sweden *  Uruguay Pele ga FIFA Congress e ka tlhopha motshegetsi wa ntlha wa World Cup, go ikgogela morago ka tatelano go ne ga dira gore go tlhophiwe Uruguay. Netherlands le Hungary di ne tsa ikgogela morago,ba salwa morago ke Sweden go ema nokeng Italy. Morago ga moo, Italy le Spain di ne tsa ikgogela morago, mme ga sala go eme Uruguay. Go ne ga nna le bokopano jwa FIFA Congress kwa [[Barcelona]], Spain ka Motsheganong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boroba-bobed ka1929 go tlhomamisa tshwetso, mme Uruguay e ne ya tlhophiwa ntle le ditlhopho. [citation needed] Maduo: # ''' Uruguay''' #  <s><span data-ve-ignore="true">Italy</span></s> e ne ya tswa #  <s><span data-ve-ignore="true">Spain</span></s> e ne ya tswa #  <s><span data-ve-ignore="true">Sweden</span></s> e ne ya tswa #  <s><span data-ve-ignore="true">Netherlands</span></s> e ne ya tswa #  <s><span data-ve-ignore="true">Hungary</span></s> e ne ya tswa Moletlo wa ntlha wa Sejana sa Lefatshe o ne o tsamaisana le segopotso sa dingwaga di le lekgolo sa [[Molaotheo wa Uruguay wa 1830|Molaotheo wa ntlha wa Uruguay,]] , ela se tlhoko. Kajalo, [[Setadiamo sa Centenario|setadiamo]] se segolo se se agilweng kwa Montevideo sa World Cup se ne sa bidiwa Estadio Centenario. == 1934 FIFA World Cup ==   Dikopo: *  Italy *  Sweden Sweden e ne ya tsaya tshwetso ya go ikgogela morago pele ga ditlhopho, e letlelela Italy emela tiro ditlhopho tsa go nna motshegetsi wa Sejana sa lefatshe sa 1934 a le nosi. Tshwetso e e ne ya tlhomamisiwa ke FIFA Congress kwa [[Stockholm]], Sweden le [[Zürich]], Switzerland ka Motsheganong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bone 1932. [[Mokgatlho wa Kgwele ya Maoto wa Italy|Mokgatlho wa Kgwele ya Dinao wa Italy]] o ne wa amogela tiro ya go amogela kgwele ya dinao ka 9 October 1932. Matswela: # ''' Italy''' #  <s><span data-ve-ignore="true">Sweden</span></s> e ne ya tswa == Sejana sa Lefatshe sa FIFA sa 1938 ==   Dikopo: *  Argentina *  France *  Germany morago ga gore go seka ga nna le lefatshe lepe le le gogelang kopo ya lone kwa, FIFA Congress e ne ya kopana kwa [[Berlin]], kwa Jeremane ka Phatwe a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro ka 1936 go tsaya tswetso ya gore ke mang yo o tla tshegetsang baeng. Go tlhophiwa ga Fora go tsere tlhopho e le nngwe fela, jaaka Fora e ne e na le go feta sephatlo sa dithopho mo tikologon ya ntlha.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/mm/document/fifafacts/mencompwc/51/97/81/fs-201_13a_fwc-bidding.pdf|title=FIFA World Cup™ host announcement decision|website=FIFA.com|access-date=1 March 2018|archive-date=12 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412114258/https://www.fifa.com/mm/document/fifafacts/mencompwc/51/97/81/fs-201_13a_fwc-bidding.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Maduo: #  '''<span data-ve-ignore="true">Fora</span>''', ditlhopho di le 19 #  Argentina, ditlhopho di le 3 #  Germany, tlhopho e le nngwe == FIFA World Cup e e neng ya phimolwa ka 1942 le 1946 == Dikopo tsa 1942: * <s> Argentina</s> * <s> Brazil</s> * <s> Jeremane</s> Go ne ga ga phimolwa ditlhopho tsa botshegetsi morago ga go tlhagoga ga Ntwa ya Lefatshe ya bobedi ka Lwetse 1939. Dikopo tsa 1946: * ''ga go epe'' == 1950 le 1954 FIFA World Cups ==   === 1950 kopo === Kopo: *  Brazil Brazil, Argentina, le Germany di ne di supile kgatlhego ya go tshegetsa Sejana sa Lefatshe sa 1942 semmuso, mme Sejana se ne sa phimolwa morago ga go tlhagoga ga Ntwa ya Lefatshe ya bobedi. Sejana sa Lefatshe sa 1950 se ne se rulaganyeditswe go tshwarwa ka 1949, e rile letsatsi morago ga gore Brazil e tlhophiwe ke FIFA Congress ka Phukwi a tlhola malatsi a le masome mabedi le borataro ka 1946 kwa Luxembourg City, Luxembourg, Sejana sa Lefase se ne sa rulaganngwa gape ka 1950. Maduo: # ''' Brazil''' === 1954 kopo === Kopo: *  Switzerland Tshwaetso ya go tshegetsa Sejana sa Lefatshe sa 1954 e ne ya wediwa ka Phukwi a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bobedi ka 1946, ka lone letsatsi leo Brazil o ne a tlhophiwa go tshegetsa Sejana sa Lefatshe sa 1950, kwa Luxembourg City. KaPhukwi a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bosupa, FI FA Congress e ne ya busetsa kwa morago makgaolakgang a bo5 a World Cup ka dingwaga di le tharo, e wetsa ka gore a tshwanetse go tshwarwa ka 1954. Maduo: # ''' Switzerland''' == 1958 FIFA World Cup ==     Kopo: *  Sweden Argentina, Chile, Mexico, le Sweden di ne tsa supa kgatlhego ya go tshegetsa kgaisano.<ref name="norlin2425" /> Baemedi ba Sweden ba ne ba kopa thotloetso ya mafatshe a mangwe ka FIFA Congress e e neng e tshwaretswe kwa [[Rio de Janeiro]] ka nako ya fa go bulwa makgaolakgang a [[1950 FIFA World Cup|1950 World Cup]].<ref name="norlin2425">Norlin, pp.24–25</ref> Sweden e ne ya tlhophiwa go tshegetsa kgaisano ya 1958 e sena moganetsi ka Seetebosigo a tlhola malatsi a le masome mabedi 1950.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/mm/document/fifafacts/mencompwc/51/97/81/ip-201_13a_fwc-host.pdf|title=FIFA World Cup: host announcement decision|date=12 March 2009|publisher=FIFA|access-date=2 October 2011|archive-date=5 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705170813/https://www.fifa.com/mm/document/fifafacts/mencompwc/51/97/81/ip-201_13a_fwc-host.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Maduo: # ''' Sweden''' == 1962 FIFA World Cup ==   Dikopo: *  Argentina *  Chile *  West Germany West Germany e ne ya ikgogela morago pele ga ditlhopho, tse di neng tshwaretswe kwa Lisbon, Portugal Seetebosigo a le lesome 1956, go tlogela ditlhopha tse pedi tse di setseng. Mo tikologong e le nngwe ya go tlhopha, Chile e ne ya fenya Argentina. Maduo: #  '''<span data-ve-ignore="true">Chile</span>''', dibouto di le 31 #  Argentina, 12 votes #  <s><span data-ve-ignore="true">Jeremane Bophirima</span></s> e ne ya tswa == 1966 FIFA World Cup ==   Dikopo: *  England *  West Germany *  Spain Spain e ne ya ikgogela morago pele ga ditlhopho tsa FIFA Congress, tse di neng di tshwaretswe kwa Roma, Italy ka 22 Phatwe 1960. Gape, go ne ga nna le tikologo e le nngwe fela ya go tlhopa, mme Engelane e ne ya fenya West Germany. Maduo: #  '''<span data-ve-ignore="true">Engelane</span>''', ditlhopo di le 34 #  West Germany, ditlhopo di le 27 #  <s><span data-ve-ignore="true">Spain</span></s> e ne ya ikgogela morago == 1970 FIFA World Cup ==     '''Dikopo''': *  Argentina *  Colombia *  Japan *  Mexico *  Peru Ka bokopano jwa FIFA Congress kwa [[Tokyo]], Japane ka Phalane a robabobedi 1964. Mo mogwantong o le mongwe wa ditlhopho, Mexico e ne ya fenya Argentina mo tirong ya go amogela baeng. Maduo: #  '''<span data-ve-ignore="true">Mexico</span>''', dibouto di le 56 #  Argentina, 32 votes #  <s><span data-ve-ignore="true">Colombia</span></s>e ne ya ikgogela morago #  <s><span data-ve-ignore="true">Japane</span></s> e ne ya ikgogela morago #  <s><span data-ve-ignore="true">Peru</span></s> e ne ya ikgogela morago == 1974, 1978, 1982 FIFA World Cups == Batshegetsi ba bararo ba 1974, 1978, le 1982 World Cup ba ne ba tlhophiwa kwa [[Lontone]], Engelane ka Phukwi a tlhola garataro ka 1966 ke FIFA Congress. Spain le West Germany, mafatshe a a neng a lebagane mo kgaisanong ya go tshegetsa ditiro tsa 1974 le 1982 tsa World Cup, a ne a dumalana go neelana tiro ya go tshegetsa. Jeremane e ne ya ikgogela morago mo thulaganyong ya go tsenya kopo ka 1982 fa Spain le yone e ne ya ikgogela morago ka 1974, e tlhomamisa gore nngwe le nngwe e na le tshono ya go ka tshegetsa baeng. Mexico, e e neng e fentse Argentina ka 1970 dingwaga di le pedi fela pele ga foo, e ne ya dumela go ikgogela morago go letla Argentina go tsaya maemo a 1978 a go nna motshegetsi. === Maduo a 1974 === # ''' Jeremane Bophirima''' #  <s><span data-ve-ignore="true">Spain</span></s> e ne ya ikgogela morago ka ntlha ya tiro ya go amogela baeng ka ngwaga wa 1982. #  <s><span data-ve-ignore="true">Italy</span></s> e ne ya ikgogela morago #  <s><span data-ve-ignore="true">Netherlands</span></s> e ne ya ikgogela morago === Maduo a 1978 === # ''' Argentina''' #  <s><span data-ve-ignore="true">Colombia</span></s> e ne ya ikgogela morago #  <s><span data-ve-ignore="true">Mexico</span></s> e ne ya ikgogela morago, ka gonne e ne e fentse go amogela baeng ka ngwaga wa 1970. === Maduo a 1982 === # ''' Spain''' #  West Germany e ne ya tswa ka ntlha ya tiro ya go amogela baeng ka ngwaga wa 1974 #  <s><span data-ve-ignore="true">Italy</span></s>e ne ya ikgogela morago == 1986 FIFA World Cup == Kopo: *  Colombia Ditlhopho tsa botshegetsi, tse di neng di dirwa ke [[Lekgotla la FIFA|Komiti ya Botsamaisi ya FIFA]] (kgotsa ''Exco''), di ne di kopanetswe kwa [[Stockholm]], Sweden ka Seetebosigo a tlhola malatsi a ferabongwe ka 1974 mme tsa tlhomamisa kopo ya Colombia e e neng e sa ganediwe. Maduo: # ''' Colombia''' Le fa go ntse jalo, Colombia e ne ya ikgogela morago ka mabaka a tsa madi, ka Ngwanaatsele a tlhola malatsi a le matlhano ka 1982, dingwaga tse di kwa tlase ga di le nne pele ga tiragalo e simolola. Go ne ga romelwa pitso ya go tsenya dikopo gape, mme FIFA e ne ya amogela dikgatlhego go tswa kwa mafatsheng a le mararo: *  Canada *  Mexico *  United States Kwa Zürich ka Motsheganong a tlhola malatsi a le masome mabedi 1983, Mexico e ne ya fenya kopo ka bongwefela jwa pelo jaaka e ne e tlhophilwe ke komiti ya botsamaisi, ka lekgetlo la ntlha mo hisitoring ya kopo ya FIFA World Cup (kwantle ga mafatse a a neng reka a sa ganediwe). Maduo: #  '''<span data-ve-ignore="true">Mexico</span>''' tlhopho ka bongwefela jwa pelo #  United States 0 votes #  Canada 0 votes == 1990 FIFA World Cup == '''Kopo''': *  Austria *  England *  France *  Greece * Iran *  Italy *  Soviet Union *  West Germany *  Yugoslavia Kwantle ga Italy le Soviet Union, merafe yotlhe e e neng ya ikgogela morago pele ga ditlhopho, tse di neng di tshwanetse go tshwarwa ke Exco kwa Zürich ka Motsheganong a tlhola malatsi la le lesome le motso ka 1984. Gangwe le gape, go ne go tlhokega tikologo e le nngwe fela ya go tlhopha, ka gonna jalo Italy e ne ya fenya ditlhopho ka dipalo tse dintsi go feta Soviet Union. Maduo: #  '''<span data-ve-ignore="true">Italy</span>''', dibouto di le 11 #  Soviet Union, 5 votes #  <s><span data-ve-ignore="true">Austria</span></s>e ne ya ikgogela morago #  <s><span data-ve-ignore="true">Engelane</span></s>e ne ya ikgogela morago #  <s><span data-ve-ignore="true">Fora</span></s>e ne ya ikgogela morago #  <s><span data-ve-ignore="true">Gerika</span></s> e ne ya ikgogela morago # <s>Iran</s> e ne ya ikgogela morago #  <s><span data-ve-ignore="true">Jeremane Bophirima</span></s> e ne ya ikgogela morago #  <s><span data-ve-ignore="true">Yugoslavia</span></s>e ne ya ikgogela morago == 1994 FIFA World Cup == '''Kopo:''' *  Brazil *  Morocco *  United States *  Chile Le fa go ne go na le merafe e le meraro e e neng e batla go tlhopiwa, go ne ga nna le tikologo e le nngwe fela ya ditlhopho. Ditlhopho di ne di tshwaretswe ko Zürich (e le lekgetho la boraro ka tatelano) ka Phukwi a tlhola ganne 1988. United States e ne ya bona bontsi jwa ditlhopho tsa maloko a Exco. Maduo: #  '''<span data-ve-ignore="true">United States</span>''', ditlhopho di le 10 #  Morocco, ditlhopho di le 7 #  Brazil, ditlhopho di le 2 #  <s><span data-ve-ignore="true">Chile</span></s> e ne ya ikgogela morago == 1998 FIFA World Cup == '''Dikopo:''' *  England *  France *  Germany *  Morocco *  Switzerland ditlhopho tse di ne di tshwaretswe kwa Zürich e le lekgetho la bonè ka tatelano ka Phukwi a tlhoala bongwe, 1992. Go ne go tlhokega tikologo e le nngwe fela ya ditlhopho gore Fora e tseye tiro ya go tshegetsa go na le Morocco. Maduo: #  '''<span data-ve-ignore="true">Fora</span>'''ditlhopho di le 12 #  Morocco, ditlhopho di le 7 #  <s><span data-ve-ignore="true">Switzerland</span></s>e ne ya ikgogela morago #  <s><span data-ve-ignore="true">Engelane</span></s> e ne ya ikgogela morago #  <s><span data-ve-ignore="true">Jeremane</span></s> e ne ya ikgogela morago == 2002 FIFA World Cup == '''Dikopo:''' *  South Korea/ Japan *  Mexico Ka Motsheganong a tlhola malatsi a le masomemararo le bongwe ka ngwaga wa 1996, kokoano ya go tlhopha e ne ya tshwarwelwa kwa Zürich e le lekgetho la botlhano ka tatelano. Go ne ga dirwa kopo e e kopanetsweng fa gare ga Japane le Korea Borwa, mme kopo e ne ya "botlhophiwa ka tumalano", e leng tlhpho ya molomo e e se nang pampiri ya ditlhopho. Kgaisano ya ntlha e e kopanetsweng ya Sejana sa Lefatshe e ne ya amogelwa, e feta Mexico. Maduo: #  '''<span data-ve-ignore="true">Korea</span>''' Borwa/Japane (tlhopho e e kopanetsweng, go tlhophiwa ka tumalano) #  Mexico 2002 FIFA World Cup e ya tshwarelwa kwa Asia lekgetho la ntlha e kopanetswe ke Korea Borwa le Japane (motshameko wa semmuso wa pulamadibogo o ne o tshwaretswe kwa Korea Borwa mme wa bofelo o tswalelang o ne o tshwaretswe kwa Japane). Kwa tshimologong, mafatshe a mabedi a Asia e ne e le bagaisani mo thulaganyong ya dikopo. Mme pele fela ga ditlhopho, ba ne ba dumalana le FIFA go tshwaraganela tiro ee. Le fa go ntse jalo, go gaisana ga bone le sekgala fa gare ga mafatshe a mabedi a di ne tsa dira gore go nne le mathata a go ithulaganya le a go rulaganya dilo. FIFA e ne ya tsaya tshwetso ya gore go ka se kake ga tlhola go nna le go tshwaraganela tiro e mmogo gape, mme ka 2004 e ne ya bolela semmuso gore molao wa yone ga e letle gore mafatshe a ka tshwaraganela tiro.<ref name="FIFAreleaseSA">{{Cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/germany2006/news/newsid=25395.html|title=Host nation of 2010 FIFA World Cup – South Africa|access-date=2022-12-03|archive-date=2009-11-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091112201002/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/germany2006/news/newsid=25395.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.soccerfield24.com/world-cup-2018/|title=World Cup 2018 Russia|date=15 May 2004|access-date=8 January 2006|archive-date=19 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819094021/http://www.soccerfield24.com/world-cup-2018/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Molao o o fetogetswe ka jaana World Cup ya 2026 e tla tshwaraganelwa mmogo ke United States, Mexico, le Canada. == 2006 FIFA World Cup == Dikopo: *  Brazil *  England *  Germany *  Morocco *  South Africa Ka Phukwi a tlhola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga 2000, kokoano ya go tlhopha batshegetsi e ne ya tshwarelwa kwa Zürich e lekgetho la borataro ka tatelano. Ka Phukwi a tlhola malatsi a le mane 2000, Brazil e ne ya busetsa kopo ya yona morago pele ga ditlhopho, mme dikopo di ne tsa fokotsega go nna dinne.<ref>{{Cite news|date=4 July 2000|url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/fsp/esporte/fk0407200001.htm|title=Adeus Copa 2006|publisher=Folha de S.Paulo (in portuguese)}}</ref> Tsena e ne e le ditlhopho tsa ntlha tse e leng gore mo go tsone go ne ga tlhokega ditikologo tse di fetang bongwe tsa ditlhopho. Kgabagare go ne ga tlhokega ditlhopho di le tharo. Jeremane e ne e le ya ntlha mo go nngwe le nngwe ya ditlhopho tse tharo, mme e ne ya feleletsa e fentse Aforika Borwa ka tlhopho e le nngwe fela morago ga go sa nne teng (bona fa tlase). {| class="wikitable" style="margin:0 auto;text-align:center" |+Maduo ! rowspan="2" |Lefatshe ! colspan="3" |Go bouta |- !tikologo ya Ntlha !Tikologo ya Bobedi !Tikologo ya Boraro |- style="background:#90ee90" | align="left" |''' Jeremane''' |'''10''' |'''11''' |'''12''' |- | align="left" | South Africa |6 |11 |11 |- | align="left" | England |5 |2 | style="background:#f08080" |''Go tlosiwa'' |- | align="left" | Morocco |2 | style="background:#f08080" |''Go tlosiwa'' | style="background:#f08080" |''Go tlosiwa'' |- ! align="left" |Palogotlhe ya ditlhopho !23 !24 !23 |} === Kganetsano === Kgogakgogano ya tshwetso ya go neela Jeremane botshegetsi jwa [[2006 FIFA World Cup]] e ne ya dira gore go nne le diphetogo mo molaong. Palo ya bofelo e ne e le ditlhopho di le 12 go Jeremae le di 11 go [[Aforika Borwa]], ba ba neng ba ratilwe thata go ka fenya. Leloko la New Zealand FIFA [[Charlie Dempsey]], yo o neng a laetswe go tlhopha [[Aforika Borwa]] ke [[Oceania Football Confederation]], o ne a se ka a tlhopha mo motsotsong wa bofelo. Fa a ne a tlhophile [[Aforika Borwa]], palo e ka bo e nnile maleka a 12 - 12, go neela Moporesidente wa FIFA [[Sepp Blatter]] marapo a go tsaya tshwetso, mme bontsi bo dumela fa a kabo tlhophile [[Aforika Borwa]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.soccertimes.com/wagman/2000/jul07.htm|title=FIFA president Blatter a big loser with Germany getting 2006 World Cup|first=Robert|last=Wagman|work=SoccerTimes|date=7 July 2000|access-date=8 January 2006|archivedate=8 January 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090108063115/http://www.soccertimes.com/wagman/2000/jul07.htm}}</ref> Dempsey yo e neng e le mongwe wa maloko a robobedi a komiti ya batsamaisi ba ba amogelang fax go tswa go barulaganyi ba pampirinya bobega dikgang wa satirical kwa Jeremane wa ''[[Titanic (magazine)|Titanic]]'' , bosigo jwa Laboraro pele ga ditlhopho, o ne a solofetsa [[Tshupanako ya Cuckoo|tshupanako ya cuckoo]] le [[ham ya Black Forest]] ka go tlhopha Jeremane. O ne a bolela gore kgatelelo e e tswang mo matlhakoreng otlhe go akaretsa le "go leka go mo naya pipamolomo" e ne e setse e lekgwtho e kgolo thata mo go ene.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.int.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=6&click_id=19&art_id=qw962980020648B216|title=German magazine takes credit for bribery hoax|work=IOL|date=7 July 2000|access-date=8 January 2006}}</ref> Ka Phatwe a tlhola malatsi a le mane ka 2000, FIFA e ne ya tsaya tswetso ya go neelana go tshegetsa dikgaisano tsa makgaolakgang fa gare ga ditlhopha tsa yone. Se se ne sa tswelela go fitlha ka Phalane 2007, ka nako ya go tlhophiwa ga motshegetsi wa [[2014 FIFA World Cup]], fa ba ne ba bolela fa ba se kitla ba tlhola ba tswelela ka molao wa bone wa go neelana kwa kontinenteng (bona fa tlase).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2000/aug/04/newsstory.sport4|title=Fifa to rotate World Cup|website=[[TheGuardian.com]]|access-date=29 October 2015|date=4 August 2000}}</ref><ref>[http://www.smh.com.au/news/football/australia-can-host-world-cup/2005/09/17/1126750168444.html Australia can host World Cup], by Matthew Hall, published 18 September 2005</ref> == Sejana sa Lefatshe sa FIFA sa 2010 == Dikopo: *  Egypt *  Morocco *  Nigeria *  South Africa *  Tunisia /  Libya Tsamaiso ya ntlha ya go tsaya maemo a World Cup ka fa tlase ga go neelana ga kontinente (tsamaiso ya go neelana go tshegetsa World Cup go mokgatlho mongwe le mongwe ka go neelano) e ne e le 2010 FIFA World Cup, World Cup ya ntlha e e neng e tshwaretswe mo [[Aferika]].<ref name="FIFAreleaseSA"/> Ka Phukwi a tlhola matlatsi a supa 2001, ka nako ya FIFA Congress kwa [[Buenos Aires]], go ne ga tsewa tshwetso ya gore go neelana go tla simolola mo [[Aferika]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=6 January 2003|url=https://www.fifa.com/news/y=2003/m=1/news=six-african-associations-announce-interest-hosting-2010-fifa-world-cup-84767.html|title=Six African associations announce interest in hosting 2010 FIFA World Cup™|publisher=FIFA|access-date=3 December 2022|archive-date=11 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181111133653/https://www.fifa.com/news/y=2003/m=1/news=six-african-associations-announce-interest-hosting-2010-fifa-world-cup-84767.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ka Lwetse a tlhola malatsi a la masome mabedi le boraro 2002, komiti ya botsamaisi ya FIFA e ne ya tlhomamisa gore ke mekgatlho fela ya maloko a Aferika, e e tla lalediwang go romela kopo ya go amogela 2010 FIFA World Cup.<ref>{{Cite web|date=23 October 2002|url=https://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/news/y=2002/m=10/news=2010-fifa-world-cuptm-bidding-process-opens-83657.html|title=2010 FIFA World Cup™ : bidding process opens|publisher=FIFA|access-date=3 December 2022|archive-date=11 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181111133624/https://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/news/y=2002/m=10/news=2010-fifa-world-cuptm-bidding-process-opens-83657.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ka Ngwanatsele 2003, Nigeria e ne ya tsena mo dithulaganyong tsa go kopa, mme e ne ya gogela morago kopo ya bone ka Lwetse.<ref>{{Cite news|date=6 January 2003|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/africa/world_cup/2631533.stm|title=Nigeria bid for 2010|publisher=bbc.co.uk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=29 September 2003|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/africa/3149666.stm|title=Nigeria ends World Cup bid|publisher=bbc.co.uk}}</ref> Ka Mopitlo 2003, [[Sepp Blatter]] o ne a re kakanyo ya [[Nigeria]] ya go tshegetsa FIFA World Cup ya 2010 le mafatshe a le mane a [[Aferika]] le ne e ka se atlege.<ref>{{Cite news|date=18 March 2003|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/africa/2858787.stm|title=Fifa slams Nigeria's 2010 plan|publisher=bbc.co.uk}}</ref> [[Nigeria]] e ne e solofetse go dira kopo mmogo le baagisani ba [[Aforika Bophirima|Aferika Bophirima]] [[Benoni|Benin]], [[Ghana]], le [[Togo]]. Morago ga gore [[FIFA]] e tlhomamise gore go reka mmogo go ne go ka se letlelelwe mo isagong, [[Libya]] le [[Tunisia]] di ne tsa ikgogela morago mo thekong ya tsone ka bobedi ka Motsheganong a tlhola malatsi a tlhola borobabobedi 2004. Ka 15 Motsheganong 2004 kwa Zürich (e le lekgetho la bosupa ka tatelano fa go tlhophiwa go nna mshegetsi koo), [[Aforika Borwa]], morago ga go latlhegelwa ke batho ba le mmalwa mo go tlhopheng ka 2006, e ne ya fenya Morocco go nna motshegetsi, ka ditlhopho di le 14 go 10. [[Egepeto]] e ne ya seka ya amogela ditlhopho. {| class="wikitable" style="margin:0 auto;text-align:center" |+Maduo ! rowspan="2" |Lefatshe ! colspan="3" |Tlhopho |- !Tikologo ya Ntlha |- style="background:#90ee90" | align="left" |''' Aforika Borwa''' |'''14''' |- | align="left" | Morocco |10 |- | align="left" | Egypt |0 |- | align="left" | Tunisia /  Libya | style="background:#f08080" |O ne a Ikgogela Morago |- | align="left" | Nigeria | style="background:#f08080" |O ne a ikgogela morago |- ! align="left" |Palogotlhe ya ditlhopho !24 |} === Kganetsano === Erile ka Motsheganong a tlhola malatsi a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ka 2015, metswedi ya dikgang e e neng e bega ka [[kgetsi ya bonweenwee ya FIFA ya 2015]] e ne ya bega gore badiredi bagolo ba kopo ya Aferika Borwa ba atlegile mo go tshegetseng World Cup ka go duela pipamolomo ya US$10 million go Motlatsamoporesidente wa FIFA wa nako eo e bong [[Jack Warner (mookamedi wa kgwele ya dinao)|Jack Warner]] le maloko a mangwe a Komiti ya Khuduthamaga ya FIFA. Erile Seetebosigo a tlhola malatsi a le mane ka 2015, motsamaisi wa FIFA [[Chuck Blazer]], a dirisana le [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] le bogogi jwa [[Switzerland]], a papamatsa gore ene le maloko a mangwe a komiti ya botsamaisi jwa FIFA ba amogetse pipamolomo go rotloetsa dikgaisano tsa lefatshe tsa 1998 le 2010 kwa [[Aforika Borwa]]. Blazer o ne a re, "Nna le ba bangwe mo komiting ya botsamaisi ya FIFA re dumetse go amogela pipamolomo mabapi le go tlhophiwa ga [[Aforika Borwa]] go nn batshegetsi ba Sejana sa Lefatshe sa 2010".<ref>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/sepp-blatter/11647665/Sepp-Blatter-FBI-investigation-live.html Vicki Hodges, Giles Mole, JJ Bull, Luke Brown and Rob Crilly, "Fifa whistleblower Chuck Blazer - bribes accepted for 1998 and 2010 World Cups: as it happened", ''The Telegraph'', 3 June 2015]. Retrieved 4 June 2015</ref><ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/football/2015/jun/03/fifa-chuck-blazer-bribes-world-cup Owen Gibson, Paul Lewis, "Fifa informant Chuck Blazer: I took bribes over 1998 and 2010 World Cups", ''The Guardian'', 3 June 2015]. Retrieved 4 June 2015</ref> Ka Seetebosigo a tlhola malatsi a le marataro 2015, ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'' e ne ya bega gore Morocco e ne e amogetse ditlhopho tse dintsi, mme [[Aforika Borwa]] e ne ya fiwa kgaisano.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/fifa/11657442/Fifa-in-crisis-Morocco-won-2010-World-Cup-vote-not-South-Africa.html|title=Fifa in crisis: 'Morocco won 2010 World Cup vote - not South Africa'|work=The Telegraph|date=6 June 2015|access-date=7 June 2015|location=London}}</ref> == 2014 FIFA World Cup == Dikopo: *  Argentina &  Chile *  Brazil *  Colombia FIFA e ne ya tswelela ka mokgwa wa yone wa go neelana ga dikontinente go tshegetsa Sejana sa Lefatshe sa 2014 kwa Amerika Borwa. Kwa tshimologong FIFA e ne ya supa gore e ka tswa e ikgogetse morago mo mogopolong wa go neelana, mme moragonyana e ne ya tsaya tswetso ya go e tsweledisa ka tshwetso ya 2014,mme morago ga moo e ne ya tlogelwa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,27-1874286,00.html|title=Games win inspires bid to host 2018 World Cup|work=The Times|date=16 November 2005|access-date=8 January 2006|archivedate=14 April 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200414055012/http://www.thetimes.co.uk/}}</ref> Colombia e ne ya supa kgatlhego ya go tshegetsa Sejana sa Lefatshe sa 2014, mme e ne ya ikgogela morago, ka e ne e simolola go tshegetsa Sejana sa Lefase sa FIFA U-20 sa 2011.<ref>BBC News, [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/internationals/5187170.stm Colombia bids for 2014 World Cup], 17 July 2006</ref> Brazil le yone e ne e supile kgatlhego ya go tshegetsa World Cup. CONMEBOL, South American Football Federation, e ne ya supa kemonokeng ya bone go Brazil jaaka motshegetsi.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/internationals/2858989.stm|title=Brazil set to host World Cup|work=BBC News|date=18 March 2003|access-date=11 April 2017}}</ref> Brazil e ne e le lone fela lefatshe le le neng la tsenya kopo ya semmuso fa thulaganyo ya semmuso ya dikopo ya mekgatlho ya maloko a CONMEBOL e bulelwa ka Sedimonthole 2006, mo nako eo, Colombia, Chile le Argentina di ne di setse di ikgogetse morago, mme Venezuela e ne e sa letlelelwa go tsenya kopo. Brazil e ne ya dira kopo ya ntlha e e sena moganetsi fa e sale go tlhophiwa la ntlha ka [[1986 FIFA World Cup]] (fa Colombia e ne e tlhophiwa go nna motshegetsi wa yone, mme moragonyana e ne ya ikgogela morago ka ntlha ya mathata a madi). Komiti ya Botsamaisi ya FIFA e ne ya e tlhomamisa jaaka lefatshe le le amogetseng go tshegetsa ka Phalane a tlhola malatsi a le Masome mararo ka 2007 ka tshwetso e e dirilweng ka bongwefela jwa pelo. Maduo: {| class="wikitable" |+2014 FIFA bidding (bontsi jwa ditlhopho di le 12) ! rowspan="2" |Mafatshe a a kopileng ! colspan="2" |Diboutu |- !Tikologo ya Ntlha !Tikologo ya Bobedi |- style="background:#90ee90" | align="left" |''' Brazil''' | style="text-align:center" |N/A | style="text-align:center" |N/A |- |<s>  Argentina & Chile</s> | style="text-align:center" | | style="background:#f08080" |O ne a ikgogela Morago |- |<s> Colombia</s> | style="text-align:center" | | style="background:#f08080" |O ne a ikgogela Morago |} == 2018 le 2022 FIFA World Cups == E rile ka Phalane a tlhola malatsi a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe ka 2007 FIFA ya ntsha kitsiso ya gore ga e kitla e tlhola e tswelela ka molao wa yone wa go neelana ga kontinente, o o tsentsweng mo tirisong morago ga go tlhophiwa ga batshegetsi ba 2006 World Cup. Molao o mošwa wa go tlhopha batshegetsi ke gore lefatshe lengwe le lengwe le ka dira kopo ya World Cup, fa fela setlhopha sa bone sa kontinente se ise se tshware dikgaisano tse pedi tse di fetileng tsa World Cup. Mo thulaganyong ya go tsaya maemo a Sejana sa Lefatshe sa 2018, seno se ne se raya gore go tsaya maemo go tswa kwa Aferika le Amerika Borwa go ne go sa letlelelwe. Mo thulaganyong ya go fenya kopo ya Sejana sa Lefatshe sa 2022, kopo ya Amerika Borwa le Yuropa e ne e sa letlelelwe.<ref name="press conference">{{Cite news|url=https://www.fifa.com/newscentre/videos/player.html#id=625042|title=The end of the rotation policy: the press conference explaining the decision.|publisher=Fifa.com – News Centre|date=29 October 2007|access-date=3 December 2022|archivedate=20 February 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090220172243/http://www.fifa.com/newscentre/videos/player.html#id=625042}}</ref><ref name="bbc fifa rotation">{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/7067187.stm|title=Fifa abandons World Cup rotation|publisher=BBC Sport|date=29 October 2007}}</ref> Gape, FIFA e ne ya letlelela dikopo tse di kopanetsweng gape (morago ga di thibela ka 2002), ka gonne go ne go na le komiti e nngwe fela ya go rulaganya mo dikopong tseo go farologana le Korea Japon, e e neng e na le dikomiti tse pedi tse di farologaneng tsa go rulaganya.<ref name="Blatter announces what's to come">{{Cite news|url=https://www.fifa.com/aboutfifa/federation/bodies/news/newsid=1230904.html|title=Blatter announces what's to come|publisher=FIFA|date=7 June 2010|access-date=3 December 2022|archivedate=30 April 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110430050438/http://www.fifa.com/aboutfifa/federation/bodies/news/newsid%3D1230904.html}}</ref> Mafatshe a a neng a itsise ka kgatlhego ya one a ne a akaretsa Australia, Engelane, Indonesia, Japane, Qatar, Russia, Korea Borwa, United States, kopo e e kopanetsweng ya Spain le Portugal le kopo e e kopanetsweng ya Belgium le Netherlands.<ref name="press conference" /><ref name="Iberian threat">{{Cite news|url=http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story?id=485193|title=Iberian threat to England's 2018 World Cup bid|publisher=ESPNsoccernet|date=27 November 2007|access-date=3 December 2022|archivedate=1 October 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121001152956/http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story?id=485193}}</ref><ref name="Australia Drops Out of Race to Host 2018 World Cup">{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/8733913.stm|title=Australia Drops Out of Race to Host 2018 World Cup|publisher=BBC|date=10 June 2010}}</ref> Batshegetsi ba dikgaisano tsoopedi tsa World Cup ba ne ba itsisiwe ke FIFA Executive Committee ka 2 Sedimonthole 2010. Russia e ne ya tlhophiwa go tshegetsa 2018 FIFA World Cup, e le lekgetho la ntlha gore World Cup e tshwarelwe kwa Yuropa Botlhaba mme e dira gore e nne lefatshe le legolo go a feta otlhe go nna lefelo le le tshwaretseng World Cup. Qatar e ne ya tlhophiwa tshegetsa Sejana sa Lefatshe sa FIFA sa 2022 mme e ne e le lekgetho la ntlha go tshwarwa Sejana sa Lefase mo Arab World le lekgetho la bobedi kwa Asia fa e sale ka kgaisano ya 2002 kwa Korea Borwa le Japane. Gape, tshwetso e e ne ya dira gore e nne lefatshe le lennye go di feta tsotlhe go ya ka lefelo go tshwara World Cup.<ref name="fifa20182022">{{Cite news|url=https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/bidders/2018/media/newsid=1344971.html|title=Russia and Qatar to host 2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cups, respectively|publisher=FIFA|date=2 December 2010|access-date=3 December 2022|archivedate=3 December 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101203003635/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/bidders/2018/media/newsid%3D1344971.html}}</ref> Ditediamo di le robabobedi di tla tshwara tiragalo e mo ditoropong di le tlhano tsa Qatar: Lusail, Al Khor, Al Rayyan, Al Wakrah le Doha. {| class="wikitable" style="margin:0 auto;text-align:center" |+'''Maduo a 2018''' ! rowspan="2" |Lefatshe ! colspan="2" |ditlhopho |- !Tikologo ya Ntlha !Tikologo ya bobedi |- style="background:#90ee90" | align="left" |''' Russia''' |'''9''' |'''13''' |- | align="left" | Spain and  Portugal |7 |7 |- | align="left" | Belgium and  Netherlands |4 |2 |- | align="left" | England |2 | style="background:#f08080" |''Go tlosiwa'' |- ! align="left" |Palogotlhe ya ditlhopho !22 !22 |} {| class="wikitable" style="margin:0 auto;text-align:center" |+'''Maduo a 2022''' ! rowspan="2" |Lefatshe ! colspan="4" |Go bouta |- !Tikologo ya Ntlha !Tikologo ya Bobedi !Tikologo ya Boraro !Tikologo ya Bone |- style="background:#90ee90" | align="left" |''' Qatar''' |'''11''' |'''10''' |'''11''' |'''14''' |- | align="left" | United States |3 |5 |6 |8 |- | align="left" | South Korea |4 |5 |5 | style="background:#f08080" |''Go tlosiwa'' |- | align="left" | Japan |3 |2 | style="background:#f08080" |''Go tlosiwa'' | style="background:#f08080" |''Go tlosiwa'' |- | align="left" | Australia |1 | style="background:#f08080" |''Go tlosiwa'' | style="background:#f08080" |''Go tlosiwa'' | style="background:#f08080" |''Go tlosiwa'' |- ! align="left" |Palogotlhe ya ditlhopho !22 !22 !22 !22 |} == 2026 FIFA World Cup == Ka fa tlase ga melao ya FIFA go tloga ka 2016, 2026 Cup e ne e ka se ka ya nna kwa Yuropa (UEFA) kgotsa Asia (AFC), se se tlogela kopo ya Aferika (CAF), kopo ya Amerika Bokone (CONCACAF), kopo ya America Borwa (CONMEBOL) kgotsa kopo ya Oceania (OFC) jaaka dikgetho tse dingwe tse di ka kgonegang.<ref name="ap-cbc">{{Cite news|url=http://www.cbc.ca/sports/soccer/world-cup-expanded-1.3804717|title=FIFA blocks Europe from hosting 2026 World Cup, lifting Canada's chances|publisher=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|CBC]]|date=14 October 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gastelum|first=Andrew|url=http://www.latimes.com/sports/soccer/la-sp-0708-concacaf-world-cup-20130708,0,7446934.story|title=CONCACAF president is pushing hard to land 2026 World Cup|date=8 July 2013|access-date=17 November 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=No Rest for the Curious: Looking Ahead To World Cup 2026|url=http://www.worldcupblog.org/world-football/no-rest-for-the-curious-looking-ahead-to-world-cup-2026.html|publisher=World Cup Blog|access-date=17 November 2013|archive-date=19 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140219102033/http://www.worldcupblog.org/world-football/no-rest-for-the-curious-looking-ahead-to-world-cup-2026.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ka Mopitlo 2017, moporesidente wa FIFA e bong Gianni Infantino o ne a tlhomamisa gore "Yuropa (UEFA) le Asia (AFC) di ne di sa akarediwa mo ditlhophong morago ga go tlhophiwa ga Russia le Qatar ka 2018 le 2022 ka go latelana".<ref name="Tim Hill in New York">{{Cite web|last=Tim Hill in New York|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2017/mar/09/donald-trump-travel-ban-could-prevent-united-states-hosting-football-world-cup|title=Trump travel ban could prevent United States hosting World Cup|website=The Guardian|date=9 March 2017|access-date=11 April 2017}}</ref> Tsamaiso ya go dira kopo e ne e rulaganyeditswe go simolola ka 2015, ka go tlhomiwa ga batshegetsi go rulaganyeditsa go ya kwa FIFA Congress ka Motsheganong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome ka 2017 kwa Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.<ref name="fifa20150320">{{Cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/qatar2022/news/y=2015/m=3/news=2022-fifa-world-cup-to-be-played-in-november-december-2568172.html|title=2022 FIFA World Cup to be played in November/December|publisher=FIFA.com|date=20 March 2015|access-date=3 December 2022|archive-date=12 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171112185227/https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/qatar2022/news/y=2015/m=3/news=2022-fifa-world-cup-to-be-played-in-november-december-2568172.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://news.yahoo.com/fifa-defers-decision-continental-rotation-wcup-bids-185529476.html|title=FIFA defers decision on continental rotation for WCup bids|publisher=[[Yahoo! News]]|date=25 May 2015}}</ref> Ka Seetebosigo a tlhola malatsi a le lesome 2015, FIFA e ne ya itsise gore thulaganyo ya go batla go tsenela Sejana sa Lefatshe sa FIFA sa 2026 e buseditswe kwa morago.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/33078284|title=Fifa 2026 World Cup bidding process delayed|website=BBC News|date=10 June 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/governance/news/y=2015/m=6/news=fifa-statement-on-2026-fifa-world-cup-bidding-2644603.html|title=FIFA Statement on 2026 FIFA World Cup bidding|publisher=FIFA.com|date=10 June 2015|access-date=3 December 2022|archive-date=22 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151122065716/http://www.fifa.com/governance/news/y%3D2015/m%3D6/news%3Dfifa-statement-on-2026-fifa-world-cup-bidding-2644603.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, morago ga bokopano jwa Khansele ya FIFA ka Motsheganong a tlhola malatsi a le lesome ka 2016, go ne ga itsisiwe thulaganyo e ntšhwa ya kopo ka Motsheganong 2020 jaaka e le ya bofelo mo tsamaisong ya dikgato di le nne.<ref name="process">{{Cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/news/y=2016/m=5/news=fifa-council-agrees-on-four-phase-bidding-process-for-2026-fifa-world--2790472.html|title=FIFA Council agrees on four-phase bidding process for 2026 FIFA World Cup|publisher=FIFA.com|date=10 May 2016|access-date=3 December 2022|archive-date=10 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160510215719/http://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/news/y%3D2016/m%3D5/news%3Dfifa-council-agrees-on-four-phase-bidding-process-for-2026-fifa-world--2790472.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ka Phalane a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bone 2016, FIFA e ne ya re e tla amogela kopo ya go abelana dikgaisano ke maloko a CONCACAF Canada, Mexico le United States.<ref name="mirror1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/news/world-cup-2026-co-hosted-9047375|title=World Cup 2026 may be co-hosted in North America after FIFA says it will accept tournament-sharing|publisher=Mirror.co.uk|date=14 October 2016|access-date=11 April 2017}}</ref> Ka Moranang a tlhola malatsi a le Lesome ka 2017, Canada, United States, le Mexico di ne tsa itsise maikaelelo a tsone a go romela kopo e e kopanetsweng ya go nna batshegetsi mmogo, ka dikwatara di le tharo tsa metshameko e e tla tshamekiwang kwa U.S., go akaretsa le ya makgaolakgang.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.espnfc.com/fifa-world-cup/story/3100808/us-mexico-and-canada-officially-launch-bid-to-co-host-2026-world-cup|title=U.S., Mexico and Canada officially launch bid to co-host 2026 World Cup|work=ESPNFC.com|access-date=10 April 2017}}</ref> Ka Phatwe a tlhola matsi a le lesome le motso 2017, Morocco e ne ya itsise semmuso ka kopo ya go tshegetsa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://sport.le360.ma/football/urgent-le-maroc-depose-officiellement-sa-candidature-pour-le-mondial-2026-39426|title=Le Maroc dépose officiellement sa candidature pour le Mondial 2026|date=11 August 2017|publisher=Le360}}</ref> Ka jalo, dikopo tsa semmuso tsa 2026 FIFA World Cup di ne di tswa mo ditlhopheng tse pedi tsa kgwele ya dinao. Ya ntlha e ne e tswa kwa CONCACAF, e e neng e biditswe gararo ke Canada, United States le Mexico<ref name="mirror1"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sportsnet.ca/soccer/fifa-president-infantino-open-40-team-world-cup-co-hosts/|title=FIFA open to 40-team World Cup, Canada as co-hosts|publisher=Sportsnet.ca|date=6 September 2016|access-date=11 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Graham Dunbar|url=https://ca.sports.yahoo.com/news/fifa-president-infantino-open-40-team-world-cup-105231782--sow.html|title=FIFA president Infantino open to 40-team World Cup, co-hosts|publisher=Ca.sports.yahoo.com|date=6 September 2016|access-date=11 April 2017|archive-date=27 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170827052404/https://ca.sports.yahoo.com/news/fifa-president-infantino-open-40-team-world-cup-105231782--sow.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Graham Dunbar|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/sports/soccer/fifa-blocks-europe-from-hosting-2026-world-cup/article32362393/|title=FIFA blocks Europe from hosting 2026 World Cup|publisher=The Globe and Mail|date=14 October 2016|access-date=11 April 2017}}</ref>, mme ya bobedi e ne e le kwa CAF e e biditsweng ke Morocco.<ref name="Morocco Bid">{{Cite web|title=Morocco Seeks to Host the 2026 FIFA World Cup bid|url=http://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2015/03/154058/morocco-seeks-host-2026-fifa-world-cup/|publisher=Morocco world news|access-date=7 October 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.frmf.ma/ar/article/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8-%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%85-%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%A8%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B6%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A9-%D9%83%D8%A3%D8%B3-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85-2026-4|title=المغرب يتقدم رسميا بطلب استضافة كأس العالم 2026 - الموقع الرسمي للجامعة الملكية المغربية لكرة القدم|website=www.frmf.ma|access-date=15 March 2018}}</ref> Motshegetsi o ne a itsisiwe ka 13 Seetebosigo 2018 kwa Kokoanong ya bo68 ya FIFA kwa Moscow, Russia.<ref name="next_steps">{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/44464913|publisher=BBC|date=13 June 2018|title=World Cup 2026: Canada, US & Mexico joint bid wins right to host tournament|access-date=13 June 2018}}</ref> United Bid go tswa kwa Canada, Mexico le United States e ne ya tlhophiwa go feta Morocco bid ka ditlhopho di le 134 go 65 ka 1 yo o sa tlhophang ope le 3 ba ba sa tlhopheng. Ena e tla nna kgwele ya lefatshe ya ntlha e e tshwarwang ke dinaga tse di fetang tse pedi. Mexico e nna naga ya ntlha go tshwara dikgaisano di le tharo tsa banna tsa World Cup mme Estadio Azteca ya yone, fa e ka tlhophiwa, e tla nna setadiamo sa ntlha go tshwara dikgaisano di le tharo tša World Cup. Ka fa letlhakoreng le lengwe, Canada e tla nna naga ya botlhano go tshwara dikgaisano tsa banna le basadi tsa World Cup, morago ga Sweden (Men's: 1958/Women's: 1995), United States (Men<nowiki>''</nowiki>s: 1994/Women'n: 1999, 2003), Germany (Men'n: 1974, 2006/Women"s: 2011), le France (Men't: 1934, 1998/Women: 2019). United States e tla nna naga ya ntlha go tshwara dikgaisano tsa banna le basadi tsa World Cup gabedi. {| class="wikitable" style="margin:0 auto; text-align:center" |+'''2026 Maduo''' ! rowspan="2" |Lefatshe ! colspan="2" |Dithopho |- !Tikologo ya Ntlha |- style="background:#90ee90" | align="left" |''' , le''' |'''134''' |- | align="left" | Morocco |65 |- | align="left" |Ga go na Dithoto dipe |1 |- ! align="left" |Palogotlhe ya ditlhopho !200 |} == Sejana sa Lefatshe sa FIFA sa 2030 == Tsamaiso ya go batla go tsenela Sejana sa Lefatshe se ga e ise e simolole. Le fa go ntse jalo, go ile ga akangwa gore go nne le dikopo dingwe tsa ntlha tsa Sejana sa Lefatshe sa FIFA sa 2030 e leng Sejana sa Lefase sa Dingwaga. Kopo ya ntlha e e neng e akantswe e ne e le kopo e e kopanetsweng ke maloko a Argentine Football Association le Uruguayan Football Association mme kopo e eka tswa kwa Uruguay le Argentina.<ref name="mondial-de-football Jan 2016">{{Cite web|url=http://www.mondial-de-football.com/2030-interet-argentine-uruguay|title=Coupe du Monde 2030 : l'Argentine et l'Uruguay confirment leur intérêt|website=Mondial-2030|date=January 2016|access-date=23 June 2016|archive-date=23 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160523151132/http://www.mondial-de-football.com/2030-interet-argentine-uruguay|url-status=dead}}</ref> Kopo ya bobedi e ne e le kopo e go akanwang e ka tswa kwa The Football Association of England.<ref name="telegraph.uk 14 Jan 2017">Rumsby, Ben (14 October 2016). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2016/10/14/england-given-major-2030-world-cup-boost-after-fifa-block-china/ "England's hopes of hosting 2030 World Cup given boost"]. ''The Telegraph''. Retrieved 14 January 2017.</ref> Ka fa tlase ga melao ya FIFA go tloga ka 2017 e e thibelang di-confederation tse pedi tse di fetileng go tshwara Sejana sa Lefatshe se se latelang, Sejana sa Lefase sa 2030 ga se ka ke sa tshwarwa kwa Asia ([[Asian Football Confederation|AFC]]) ka gonne Asian Football Confederation ga e a akarediwa mo dikopong morago ga go tlhophiwa ga [[2022 FIFA World Cup|Qatar]] ka 2022, kgotsa kwa Amerika Bokone ka gonne Mafatshe a CONCACAF le a United States, Canada le Mexico a tla tshwara Sejana tsa Lefatshe sa 2026.<ref name="Tim Hill in New York"/><ref name="telegraph.uk 14 Jan 2017" /> Gape ka Seetebosigo 2017, moporesidente wa UEFA [[Aleksander Čeferin]] o ne a bolela gore Yuropa ([[UEFA|UEFA)]] e tla lwela tshwanelo ya yone ya go tshwara Sejana sa Lefatshe sa 2030.<ref name="SBS 2 Jun 2017">{{Cite web|title=UEFA will 'fight' for Europe's right to host 2030 World Cup|url=http://theworldgame.sbs.com.au/article/2017/06/02/uefa-will-fight-europes-right-host-2030-world-cup-0|access-date=2 June 2017}}</ref> Ikopelo ya Uruguay-Argentina ka se tsamaisane le segopotso sa dingwaga di le lekgolo sa [[1930 FIFA World Cup Final|makgaolakgang a]] FIFA World Cup ya ntlha, le segopodiso sa dingwaga di ka nna 200 sa [[Molaotheo wa Uruguay wa 1830|Molaotheo wa ntlha wa Uruguay]], mme fa go tlhophiwa malatsi a kgaisano a ne a tla tsamaisana. Ikopelo ya Uruguay-Argentina e ne ya tlhomamisiwa semmuso ka Phukwi a tlhola malatsi a le masome mabedi le bosupa ka 2017. Ikopelo e e kopanetsweng e ne ya itsisiwe ke [[Mokgatlho wa Kgwele ya Maoto wa Argentina]] le Mokgatlho wa Kgwele ya dinao wa Uruguay ka Phatwe a tlhola malatsi a le masome mabedi le boferabongwe ka 2017.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://bleacherreport.com/articles/2724516-argentina-uruguay-announce-bid-to-host-2030-fifa-world-cup|date=29 July 2017|title=Argentina, Uruguay Announce Bid to Host 2030 FIFA World Cup|publisher=[[Turner Broadcasting System]]}}</ref> Pele ga [[Setlhopha sa bosetšhaba sa kgwele ya dinao sa Uruguay|Uruguay]] le [[Setlhopha sa bosetšhaba sa kgwele ya dinao sa Argentina|Argentina]] di tshameka motshameko o o se nang dinno kwa Montevideo, batshameki ba [[FC Barcelona]] e bong [[Luis Suárez]] le [[Lionel Messi]] ba ne ba tsweletsa kopo ka dihempe tsa segopotso.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/news/lionel-messi-luis-suarez-campaign-11091664|title=Lionel Messi and Luis Suarez campaign for Uruguay and Argentina's 2030 World Cup bid before 0-0 draw|date=1 September 2017}}</ref> Ka 31 Phatwe a tlhola malatsi a le masome mararo 2017, go ne ga akangwa gore Paraguay e tla nna motshegetsi wa boraro.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.lanacion.com.ar/2058230-paraguay-se-suma-a-la-candidatura-de-argentina-y-uruguay-para-el-mundial-2030|title=Es oficial: Paraguay se suma a la candidatura de Argentina y Uruguay para el Mundial 2030|date=5 September 2017|access-date=3 December 2022|archivedate=3 September 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170903005051/http://www.lanacion.com.ar/2058230-paraguay-se-suma-a-la-candidatura-de-argentina-y-uruguay-para-el-mundial-2030}}</ref> CONMEBOL, mokgatlho wa Amerika Borwa, o ne wa tlhomamisa kopo e e kopanetsweng ya ditsela tse tharo ka Lwetse 2017.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.lanacion.com.ar/2059722-asi-es-el-primer-video-promocional-para-la-candidatura-del-mundial-2030|title=Sin Messi ni Suárez, así es el primer video promocional para la candidatura del Mundial 2030|date=5 September 2017|access-date=3 December 2022|archivedate=16 December 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216162754/http://www.lanacion.com.ar/2059722-asi-es-el-primer-video-promocional-para-la-candidatura-del-mundial-2030}}</ref> Motlatsa modulasetulo wa [[Mokgatlho wa Kgwele ya Maoto|English FA]] [[David Gill (mookamedi)|David Gill]] o ne a na le mogopolo wa gore lefatshe la gagwe le ka tsenya kopo ya 2030, fa fela thulaganyo ya go dira kopo e direlwa mo pontsheng.<ref name="espn.co.uk 31 March 2015">{{Cite web|title=England could bid for 2030 World Cup, says FA vice-chairman David Gill|date=30 March 2015|url=http://www.espn.co.uk/football/england/story/2372516/england-could-bid-for-2030-world-cup-says-fa-vice-chairman-david-gill|access-date=31 March 2015}}</ref> "England ke lengwe la mafatshe a a mmalwa a a ka tshwarang tiragalo ya merafe mo lebakeng la dioura di le 48 ka botlalo, fa motsamaisi yo mogolo wa Football Association Martin Glenn a ne a tlhalosa sentle kwa tshimologong ya ngwaga ono kwa go tsenyeng kopo ga 2030 e neng e le kgetho".<ref name="telegraph.uk 14 Jan 2017"/> Ka Seetebosigo 2017, UEFA e ne ya bolela gore "e tla tshegetsa kopo ya Boritane ya 2030 kgotsa kopo e le nngwe go tswa kwa Engelane".<ref name="forbes.com">{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/bobbymcmahon/2017/10/04/uruguay-argentina-and-paraguay-bid-for-2030-fifa-world-cup-finals-will-be-hard-to-beat/#1bfb23732b2d|title=Uruguay, Argentina And Paraguay Bid For 2030 FIFA World Cup Finals Will Be Hard To Beat|first=Bobby|last=McMahon|website=[[Forbes]]|access-date=15 March 2018}}</ref> Ka Phukwi a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 2018, Motlatsa Moeteledipele wa [[Labour Party (UK)|UK Labour Party]], [[Tom Watson (Mopolotiki wa Badiri)|Tom Watson]], o ne a bolela fa a ne a botsolotswa gore ene le lekoko la gagwe ba tla ema nokeng tshegetso ya kopo ya 2030 World Cup ya UK a re "Ke solofela gore se ke nngwe ya dilo tsa ntlha tse puso ya Labour e di dirang, e leng go dira le FA ya rona go leka go baakanyetsa kopo ya World Cup".<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.itv.com/news/2018-07-15/tom-watson-labour-would-back-an-england-led-bid-to-host-the-world-cup-in-2030/|title=Tom Watson: Labour would back an England-led bid to host the World Cup in 2030|access-date=15 July 2018}}</ref> Ka Phukwi a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka 2018, Tonakgolo ya Boritane [[Theresa May]] o ne a tlhalosa ka kemonokeng ya gagwe ya kopo le go bulegela dipuisano ga gagwe le balaodi ba kgwele ya dinao.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/politics/theresa-backs-bid-bring-football-12932302|title=Theresa May backs bid to bring football home by holding World Cup 2030 in Britain|date=16 July 2018|publisher=Daily Mirror}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/world-cup-2030-england-uk-host-bid-britain-government-theresa-may-latest-a8449991.html|title=World Cup 2030: UK bid to host tournament backed by government|website=The Independent|date=16 July 2018}}</ref> Le fa go ne ga seka ga nna le dipuisano dipe pele le [[Mokgatlho wa Kgwele ya Maoto]], [[Mokgatlho wa Kgwele ya Maoto wa Scotland|Scottish FA l]]<nowiki/>e yone e neng ya bontsha kgatlhego ya yone ya go tsenya kopo ya Home Nations.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/44867190|title=World Cup 2030: Scottish FA 'open-minded' to joining home nations bid|publisher=BBC|date=17 July 2018}}</ref> Tona wa pele wa Scotland [[Henry McLeish]] o biditse puso ya Scotland le [[Mokgatlho wa Kgwele ya Maoto wa Scotland]] go tsenya dikopo tsa Sejana sa Lefatshe sa FIFA sa 2030 le dinaga tse dingwe tsa Boritane.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.heraldscotland.com/news/16370223.henry-mcleish-scotland-should-lead-home-nations-bid-for-world-cup-2030/?ref=twtrec|title=Henry McLeish: Scotland should lead home nations bid for World Cup 2030|date=21 July 2018|publisher=Herald Scotland}}</ref> Ka Seetebosigo a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa ka 2018, [[Royal Moroccan Football Federation]] e ne ya ntsha kitsiso ya yone ya go tsenya kopo ya yone ya World Cup ya 2030. Go na le kgonagalo ya go dira kopo e e kopanetsweng ke Tunisia le Algeria.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://algerie-direct.net/lactualite/zetchi-pour-une-coupe-du-monde-algerie-tunisie-maroc-en-2030/|title=Zetchi : Pour une coupe du monde "Algérie-Tunisie-Maroc" en 2030 – Algerie Direct|access-date=17 June 2018|archive-date=15 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915093914/https://algerie-direct.net/lactualite/zetchi-pour-une-coupe-du-monde-algerie-tunisie-maroc-en-2030/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ka Seetebosigo a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa ka 2018, English Football Association e ne ya ntsha kitsiso ya gore ba tla tsena mo dipuisanong le mafatshe tsa gaabo ka ga kopo ya UK ya go tshwara Sejana sa Lefatshe sa 2030.<ref name="theguardian_2018-06-14">{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2018/jun/14/fa-talks-home-nations-uk-wide-bid-host-2030-world-cup|title=FA in talks with home nations over UK-wide bid to host 2030 World Cup|date=14 June 2018|website=The Guardian|access-date=17 June 2018}}</ref> Ka Phatwe a tlhola ga nngwe ka 2018, go ne ga begwa gore FA e ipaakanyetsa go dira kopo ya gore Engelane e tshware World Cup ka 2030. Tshwetso e solofetswe go dirwa ka 2019, morago ga gore FA e dire tiro ya go dira gore go kgonege go dira kopo e e ka nnang teng.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.skysports.com/football/news/12098/11456493/england-preparing-bid-to-host-2030-world-cup-fa-confirms|title=England preparing bid to host 2030 World Cup, FA confirms|work=Sky Sports|date=1 August 2018|access-date=1 August 2018}}</ref> [[Mokgatlho wa Kgwele ya Maoto wa Scotland]] o ne wa tsaya kopo ya Boritane e le sebaka se se molemo sa go bona madi a go baakanya le go tlhabolola [[Hampden Park]] kwa [[Glasgow]], setadiamo sa kwa gae sa setlhopha sa kgwele ya dinao sa bosetšhaba sa Scotland.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.heraldscotland.com/sport/16835350.landing-2030-world-cup-will-help-us-secure-the-funding-needed-to-redevelop-hampden-says-sfa-chief-executive/|title=Landing 2030 World Cup will help us secure the funding needed to redevelop Hampden, says SFA chief executive|date=11 September 2018|publisher=The Herald Scotland}}</ref> Ka Lwetse a tlhola gane ka 2018, go ne ga itsisiwe gore Rephaboliki ya Ireland e le mo dipuisanong tse di batlisisang ka kgonagalo ya go tsenya kopo ya 2030 World Cup.<ref name="Ireland">{{Cite web|url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/ireland-in-talks-over-joining-2030-world-cup-bid-92blmhnpv|title=Ireland in talks over joining 2030 World Cup bid|website=The Times|date=4 September 2018}}</ref> Ka Phukwi a tlhola malatsi a le lesome ka 2018, Tona ya Metshameko ya Egepeto e ne ya supa kgatlhego ya go tsenya kopo.<ref name="Egypt Interest">{{Cite web|url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com.au/feature/egypt-planning-to-bid-to-host-2030-world-cup-497641|title=EGYPT PLANNING TO BID TO HOST 2030 WORLD CUP|date=10 July 2018|publisher=FourFourTwo|access-date=11 July 2018}}</ref> Lenaneo la sepolotiki la mokhanselara wa poresidente wa Cameroon Joshua Oish le akaretsang go tlhopha lefatshe ga mmogo le mafatshe a mabedi a kgaolo tse pedi tsa Aferika tse di kwa borwa jwa Sahara go tshegetsa Sejana sa Lefatshe sa 2030, go ya ka seteishene sa Cameroon sa CRTV.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2018/08/252717/cameroon-morocco-2030-world-cup/|title=Cameroonian Candidate Wants to Rival Morocco for World Cup 2030|date=28 August 2018|publisher=FourFourTwo}}</ref> Ka Lwetse a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bobedi ka 2018, Tonakgolo ya Spain [[Pedro Sánchez (moradipolotiki)|Pedro Sánchez]] o ne a tlotla ka kgonagalo ya gore Spain e ka tsenela ditlhopho le Moporesidente wa FIFA [[Gianni Infantino]] le Moporesente wa Royal Spanish Football Federation [[Luis Rubiales]].<ref name="Spain">{{Cite web|url=https://www.sport-english.com/en/news/futbol-internacional/spain-will-bid-to-the-host-world-cup-in-2030-7030800|title=Spain will bid to the host World Cup in 2030|date=12 September 2018|publisher=Sport English|access-date=3 December 2022|archive-date=13 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180913121526/https://www.sport-english.com/en/news/futbol-internacional/spain-will-bid-to-the-host-world-cup-in-2030-7030800|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ka Seetebosigo a tlhola malatsi a robabobedi 2019, Spain le Portugal di ne tsa supa kgatlhego ya go tsenya kopo e e tshwaraganetsweng ya 2030 FIFA World Cup.<ref name="Portugal Interest">{{Cite news|title=PORTUGAL E ESPANHA PENSAM NO MUNDIAL DE 2030|url=https://www.abola.pt/Nnh/Noticias/Ver/792086|date=8 June 2019|publisher=abola.pt|access-date=3 December 2022|archivedate=6 December 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206024034/https://www.abola.pt/Nnh/Noticias/Ver/792086}}</ref><ref name="Spanish Interest">{{Cite web|url=https://as.com/futbol/2019/06/08/mundial/1559994627_250273.html?id_externo_rsoc=CM_ES_FB|title=España y Portugal piden organizar el Mundial 2030|date=8 June 2019|publisher=as.com}}</ref> Ka Ngwanatsele a tlhola gabedi ka 2018, Tonakgolo ya Bulgaria [[Boyko Borisov]] o ne a bolela gore modirimmogo ka ene wa Mogerika [[Alexis Tsipras]] o ne a akantse gore Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia le Greece di kopane ka nako ya kokoano ya Balkan Four kwa Varna.<ref name="balkans-bid">{{Cite web|url=https://seenews.com/news/bulgaria-romania-serbia-greece-eye-joint-bid-for-hosting-2030-fifa-world-cup-632141|title=Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia, Greece eye joint bid for hosting 2030 FIFA World Cup|website=seenews.com|date=2 November 2018|access-date=8 December 2018}}</ref> Mo kokoanong ya Ditona tsa Basha le Metshameko tsa Serbia, [[Vanja Udovičić]], Krasen Kralev wa Bulgaria, Constantin Bogdan Matei wa Romania le Motlatsa Tona ya Ditso le Metshameko ya Greece, Giorgos Vasileiadis, go ne ga tlhomamisiwa semmuso gore mafatshe a mane a a tla romela kopo e e kopanetsweng go rulaganya Kgaisano ya Kgwele ya mafatshe a Yuropa le UEFA ya 2028 le dikgaisano tsa Lefatshe tsa 2030.<ref name="Serbia">{{Cite web|url=https://www.bizlife.rs/en/in-focus/news-of-the-day/serbia-is-running-for-candidacy-for-hosting-the-european-championship-and-world-cup/|title=Serbia is running for candidacy for hosting the European Championship and World Cup|publisher=bizlife.rs|date=26 November 2018|access-date=8 December 2018|archive-date=9 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191009132307/https://www.bizlife.rs/en/in-focus/news-of-the-day/serbia-is-running-for-candidacy-for-hosting-the-european-championship-and-world-cup/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ka 15 Ngwanatsele 2019 moporesidente wa FIFA Gianni Infantino o ne a ema nokeng Morocco, Portugal le Spain go tsaya karolo mo go tsenyeng kopo ya go tshegetsa World Cup ya 2030, se ya nna kitewo ya lebole mo tsholofelong ya Engelane, Ireland, Northern Ireland, Scotland le Wales , le fa go ne go sa ntse go le "ka pela" go bua ka yone.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2019/01/263787/gianni-infantino-morocco-world-cup/|title=Infantino: Still Early to Talk About Moroccan-European Bid for 2030 World Cup}}</ref> Chile e ne ya tlhomamisa kopo ya yone ya go amogela setlhopha ka Tlhakole a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bone ka 2019 jaaka kitsiso e e kopanetsweng go tswa go dichabeng tse di tlhomamisitsweng tse di kopaneng le Argentina, Paraguay le Uruguay.<ref name="idINKCN1Q332L">{{Cite web|date=14 February 2019|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/soccer-worldcup-chile/chile-joins-argentina-uruguay-and-paraguay-in-world-cup-bid-idINKCN1Q332L|title=Chile joins Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay in World Cup bid|website=Reuters}}</ref> Motshegetsi o tla itsisiwe ka nako ya 74th FIFA Congress ka 2024.<ref>https://www.sportingnews.com/us/soccer/news/2030-fifa-world-cup-host-countries-bid-europe-africa-america/vb9n2t2h70fnwfiprrlk3qus</ref> '''Thulaganyo e e tlhomamisitsweng ya go tsenya kopo:''' * Kgonego: **  Uruguay /  Argentina /  Chile /  Paraguay: [[Uruguay e e kwa Argentina e e kwa Paraguay 2030 FIFA World Cup bid|Uruguay–Argentina–Chile–Paraguay 2030 FIFA World Cup bid]]<ref name="idINKCN1Q332L"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ovaciondigital.com.uy/seleccion/candidatura-original-uruguay-argentina.html|title=Valdez: "La candidatura original es Uruguay-Argentina"|last=ElPais|access-date=15 March 2018}}</ref><ref name="ovaciondigital.com.uy">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ovaciondigital.com.uy/futbol/conmebol-insiste-incluir-paraguay.html|title=Molestia en Uruguay por video de Conmebol|last=ElPais|access-date=17 June 2018}}</ref><ref name="mondial-de-football Jan 2016"/><ref name="forbes.com"/><ref name="espn_3523735">{{Cite web|url=http://www.espn.com/soccer/fifa-world-cup/4/blog/post/3523735/who-could-host-the-2030-world-cup-the-early-frontrunners|title=Potential 2030 World Cup hosts|date=14 June 2018|website=The Guardian|access-date=14 June 2018}}</ref> * CAF: **  Morocco (pending on Algeria and Tunisia): [[Morocco 2030 FIFA World Cup bid]]<ref name=":0"/> * UEFA: **  Portugal /  Spain /  Ukraine: [[Spain e ne e le Ukraine 2030 FIFA World Cup bid|Spain–Portugal–Ukraine 2030 FIFA World Cup bid]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/57365725|title=2030 World Cup: Spain and Portugal announce bid to be joint hosts|date=4 June 2021|publisher=BBC News}}</ref> * AFC / CAF / UEFA: **  Egypt /  Greece /  Saudi Arabia: [[Egypt's Greece's Saudi Arabia 2030 FIFA World Cup bid|Egypt–Greece–Saudi Arabia 2030 FIFA World Cup bid]] '''O bontshitse kgatlhego mo go tsenyeng kopo:''' * AFC: **  South Korea (pending on North Korea, China and Japan) **  Australia /  Indonesia * CAF: **  Cameroon<ref name=":1"/> * Kgonego **  Colombia /  Ecuador /  Peru * UEFA: **  Kazakhstan == 2034 FIFA World Cup == Tsamaiso ya go tsenya kopo ya Sejana sa Lefatshe se, ga e ise e simolole. Le fa go ntse jalo, go ile ga akangwa gore go nne le dikopo dingwe tsa ntlha tsa 2034 FIFA World Cup. Ikopelo ya ntlha ya 2034 FIFA World Cup e akanyetswa jaaka kopo ya setlhopha ke maloko a [[Association of Southeast Asian Nations]]. Mogopolo wa kopo e e kopanetsweng ya ASEAN e ne e ntse e buiwa go tloga ka Hirikgong 2011, fa Moporesidente wa pele wa [[Mokgatlho wa Kgwele ya Maoto wa Singapore]], [[Zainudin Nordin]], a ne a bolela mo polelong gore kakanyo e dirilwe kwa kopanong ya Ditona tsa Mafatshe a Sele a ASEAN, le fa mafatshe a ka se kgone go dira kopo (jaaka go ya kwa mekgatlhong ya bosetšhaba). Ka 2013, Nordin le Moporesidente wa Special Olympics Malaysia, Datuk Mohamed Feisol Hassan, ba ne ba gakologelwa kakanyo ya gore ASEAN e tshwarele World Cup mmogo. Ka fa tlase ga melao ya FIFA go tloga ka 2017, Sejana sa Lefatshe sa 2030 ga se ka ke sa tshwarwa kwa Asia (AFC) ka gonne maloko a Asian Football Confederation ga a letlelelwe go tsenelela ditlhopho morago ga go tlhophiwa ga Qatar ka 2022. Ka jalo, kopo ya ntlha ya leloko la AFC e ka dirwa ka 2034. Moragonyana, Malaysia e ne ya ikgogela morago mo go nneng le seabe mme Singapore le mafatshe a mangwe a ASEAN a ne a tswelela ka letsholo la go romela kopo e e kopanetsweng ya World Cup ka 2034. Ka Ngwanatsele 2017, ASEAN e ne ya tshwara dipuisano ka go simolola kopo e e kopanetsweng ka nako ya ketelo ya Moporesidente wa FIFA [[Gianni Infantino]] kwa Yangon, Myanmar.<ref name="AFP-2017Feb">{{Cite news}}</ref> Ka la Phukwi a tlhola gangwe ka 2017, Mothusa Modulasetulo wa [[Mokgatlho wa Kgwele ya Maoto wa Indonesia]] Joko Driyono o ne a re Indonesia le Thailand di ne di rulaganyeditswe go etelela pele setlhopha sa dichaba tsa borwabotlhaba jwa Asia mo kopong. Driyono o ne a oketsa ka gore ka ntlha ya go akarediwa ga lefatshe le mafaratlhatlha le sebopego se se atolositsweng (ditlhopha di le 48), bobotlana dinaga tse pedi kgotsa tse tharo tsa ASEAN di kopane di tla bo di le mo seemong se se tlhokegang go tshwara metshameko.<ref name="SportsPro">{{Cite news}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=5 July 2017|title=Football: Indonesia to lead South-east Asian 2034 World Cup bid|url=http://www.straitstimes.com/sport/football/football-indonesia-to-lead-southeast-asian-2034-world-cup-bid|work=The Straits Times|agency=AFP|access-date=11 April 2018}}</ref> Ka Sedimonthole 2017, Mothusa-Molaodi wa Thai League 1 Benjamin Tan, kwa bokopanong jwa Khansele ya ASEAN Football Federation (AFF), o ne a tlhomamisa gore Mokgatlho wa gagwe o "supile kgatlhego ya bone go tsenya kopo le go tshegetsa" World Cup ya 2034 le Indonesia. Mo tiragalong e e tshwanang, Mokwaledi-mogolo wa AFF, Dato Sri Azzuddin Ahmad, o ne a tlhomamisa gore Indonesia le Thailand di tla romela kopo e e kopanetsweng.<ref name="SportsPro" /> Indonesia ke lone fela lefatshe la borwabotlhaba jwa Asia le le kileng la tsaya karolo mo World Cup, fa naga e ne e itsege jaaka [[Dutch East Indies]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/tournaments/mens/worldcup/1938france|title=1938 FIFA World Cup France|website=FIFA.com|publisher=FIFA|access-date=6 June 2018}}</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, ka Seetebosigo 2018, leloko la komiti ya botsamaisi ya FIFA le kgosana ya serwalo le molaodi wa [[Pahang]], [[Tengku Abdullah]] yo gape e neng e le Moporesidente wa pele wa Football Association of Malaysia (FAM) o ne a bontsha kgatlhego ya go kopana le mafatshe a mararo go tshwara World Cup mmogo. Mafatshe a mane a a dikile a tshweraganetse motshameko wa kgwele ya dinao ka nako ya 2007 AFC Asian Cup. Fa FAM e ka dumela go tsena gape mo porojekeng, e tla nna ya ntlha go romela kopo ya mafatshe a le mane mo hisitoring ya FIFA World Cup. Kopo ya bobedi e tswa kwa Egepeto. Tona wa tsa Metshameko le Basha Ashraf Sobhy o rile Egepeto e akanyeditsa go tsenya kopo ya go tshegetsa Sejana sa Lefatshe sa FIFA sa 2034.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com.au/feature/egypt-considering-bidding-to-host-world-cup-or-olympics---sports-ministry-498526|title=Egypt Considering Bidding to Host World Cup or Olympics - Sports Ministry|date=18 July 2018|website=FourFourTwo|access-date=23 July 2018|archive-date=24 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180724004703/https://www.fourfourtwo.com.au/feature/egypt-considering-bidding-to-host-world-cup-or-olympics---sports-ministry-498526|url-status=dead}}</ref> Kopo e e ntseng e baakanyediwa ke mokgatlho wa kgwele ya dinao wa bosetšhaba ya lefatshe leo. Morago ga go palelwa ke go amogela 2022 FIFA World Cup, Australia e akanyetsa go dira kopo e e kopanetsweng le New Zealand, leloko la OFC. * AFC: **  Indonesia,  Malaysia,  Singapore,  Thailand and  Vietnam <ref>{{Cite web|title=ASEAN nations to 'launch joint bid' to host 2034 FIFA World Cup|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/sports/2019/6/24/asean-nations-to-launch-joint-bid-to-host-2034-fifa-world-cup|access-date=2021-04-22|website=www.aljazeera.com}}</ref> **  China<ref name="huffingtonpost.com">{{Cite web|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/china-to-overtake-us-economy-and-host-world-cup-in_us_594684b1e4b0d188d027ff67|title=China to Overtake US economy and Host World Cup in 2034|last=Hong Soon-do|date=19 June 2017|publisher=Huffington Post|access-date=15 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=China denies submitting official bid for World Cup 2034 – but it seems it's only a matter of deciding what year|url=https://www.scmp.com/sport/soccer/article/2093436/china-denies-submitting-official-bid-world-cup-2034-it-seems-its-only|access-date=25 June 2019}}</ref> * AFC: **  Australia,  New Zealand and/or  Indonesia<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.news.com.au/sport/football/australia-partners-with-indonesia-for-shock-world-cup-bid/news-story/7fcb6c5d239ec79753ff9b8728a725fd|title=Australia in stunning World Cup bid|date=27 June 2019|website=NewsComAu|access-date=27 June 2019}}</ref> * CAF: **  Zimbabwe<ref>{{Cite news|title=Zimbabwe's tourism minister reveals ambitious plan to host Fifa World Cup in 2034|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/zimbabwe/10974039/Zimbabwes-tourism-minister-reveals-ambitious-plan-to-host-Fifa-World-Cup-in-2034.html|access-date=30 May 2018}}</ref> **  Egypt<ref>{{Cite news|title=Egypt Considering Bidding to Host World Cup or Olympics|url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com.au/feature/egypt-considering-bidding-to-host-world-cup-or-olympics---sports-ministry-498526|access-date=25 June 2019|archivedate=24 July 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180724004703/https://www.fourfourtwo.com.au/feature/egypt-considering-bidding-to-host-world-cup-or-olympics---sports-ministry-498526}}</ref> **  Nigeria<ref>{{Cite news|title=Could the rise of online sports betting in Nigeria help a future World Cup bid?|url=https://guardian.ng/sport/could-the-rise-of-online-sports-betting-in-nigeria-help-a-future-world-cup-bid/|access-date=5 December 2018|archivedate=27 March 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327150119/https://guardian.ng/sport/could-the-rise-of-online-sports-betting-in-nigeria-help-a-future-world-cup-bid/}}</ref> == Palogotlhe ya dikopo go ya ka lefatshe == Ditlhopho tsa '''go''' fenya Sejana sa Lefatshe di a gagamadiwa. Diforomo tse di ntshitsweng di kwadilwe ka ''mokwalo o o sekameng''. Dikopo tse di gannweng, mmogo le dikopo tse go rulagantsweng mme e se tsa semmuso tsa 2030 le go feta, ga di akarediwe. {| class="wikitable sortable" !Lefatshe !Dikopo !Dingwaga !E Thsegeditse gakae |- | Germany | rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;" |8 |''1938'', 1962,[lower-alpha 1] 1966,[lower -alpha 1], 1974,[lower:alpha 1][ 1982,[lower,alpha 1]] 1990,[lower | style="text-align:center" |2 |- | Argentina | rowspan="6" style="text-align:center;" |5 |1938, 1962, 1970, '''1978''', ''2014'' | style="text-align:center" |1 |- | England |'''1966''', 1990, ''1998'', 2006, 2018 | style="text-align:center" |1 |- | Italy |1930, 1934, '''1974''', ''1982'', ''1990'' | style="text-align:center" |2 |- | Mexico |1970, '''1978''', 1986,[lower-alpha 2] 2002, 2026[lower'alpha 3] | style="text-align:center" |3 |- | Morocco |1994, 1998, 2006, 2010, 2026 | style="text-align:center" |0 |- | Spain |''1930'', ''1966'', ''1974'', '''1982''', 2018[lower-alpha 4] | style="text-align:center" |1 |- | Brazil | rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" |4 |'''1950''', 1994, ''2006'', '''2014''' | style="text-align:center" |2 |- | Colombia |1970, ''1978'', 1986,[lower-alpha 2] ''2014'' | style="text-align:center" |1 |- | United States |1986, '''1994''', '''2022''', 2026[lower-alpha 3] | style="text-align:center" |2 |- | France | rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;" |3 |1938, 1990, '''1998''' | style="text-align:center" |2 |- | Japan |''1970'', 2002,[lower-alpha 5] '''2022''' | style="text-align:center" |1 |- | Netherlands |''1930'', ''1974'', 2018[lower-alpha 6] | style="text-align:center" |0 |- | Sweden |1930, ''1934'', '''1958''' | style="text-align:center" |1 |- | Australia | rowspan="7" style="text-align:center;" |2 |''2018'', 2022 | style="text-align:center" |0 |- | Canada |1986, 2026[lower-alpha 3] | style="text-align:center" |1 |- | Chile |'''1962''', ''1994'' | style="text-align:center" |1 |- | Russia |1990,[lower-alpha 7] '''2018''' | style="text-align:center" |1 |- | South Africa |2006, '''2010''' | style="text-align:center" |1 |- | South Korea |2002,[lower-alpha 5] '''2022''' | style="text-align:center" |1 |- | Switzerland |'''1954''', ''1998'' | style="text-align:center" |1 |- | Austria | rowspan="14" style="text-align:center;" |1 |''1990'' | style="text-align:center" |0 |- | Belgium |2018[lower-alpha 6] | style="text-align:center" |0 |- | Egypt |2010 | style="text-align:center" |0 |- | Greece |''1990'' | style="text-align:center" |0 |- | Hungary |''1930'' | style="text-align:center" |0 |- | Iran |''1990'' | style="text-align:center" |0 |- | Libya |2010[lower-alpha 8] | style="text-align:center" |0 |- | Nigeria |''2010'' | style="text-align:center" |0 |- | Peru |''1970'' | style="text-align:center" |0 |- | Portugal |2018[lower-alpha 4] | style="text-align:center" |0 |- | Qatar |'''2022''' | style="text-align:center" |1 |- | Tunisia |2010[lower-alpha 8] | style="text-align:center" |0 |- | Uruguay |'''1930''' | style="text-align:center" |1 |- | Yugoslavia |''1990'' | style="text-align:center" |0 |} == Ditiragatso tsa lefatshe le le tshegeditseng == Kwantle ga ka 1934, fa Italy e ne e tshwanetse go tsenelela kgaisano e kgolo, dichaba tse di neng di tshwere dikgaisano di ne di ntse di fiwa tetla ya go tsenelela fela World Cup (go sa ntse go sa tlhomamisiwe gore a go tla nna jalo ka 2026). Go tsewa ka bophara gore go nna le phitlhelelo kwa gae ke phitlhegelo mo World Cup, ka setlhopha se se tshegeditseng gantsi se dira kwa godimo ga palogare.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://regressing.deadspin.com/how-big-is-brazils-home-field-advantage-at-the-world-cu-1590005202|title=How Big Is Brazil's Home-Field Advantage at the World Cup?|publisher=Deadspin|last=Chris Anderson & David Sally|date=12 June 2014|access-date=2 August 2014|archive-date=13 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140713230209/http://regressing.deadspin.com/how-big-is-brazils-home-field-advantage-at-the-world-cu-1590005202|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mo metshamekong e le 13 mo go e le 21 lefatshe le le tshegeditseng le fitlhile mo go e mene ya bofelo. Mo ditlhopheng di le 8 tse di fentseng kgwele ya dinao, tsotlhe ntle le Brazil le Spain di ile tsa nna di-champions fa di ne di tshegeditse kgwele ya maoto, mme Engelane e ne ya fenya kgwele ya lefatshe go nna mmampudi ka nako e e neng e tshegeditse. Mo godimo ga moo, Sweden e fitlhile kwa makgaolakgannyeng a yone fela kwa mmung wa gaabo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pwc.es/es_ES/es/sala-prensa/notas-prensa/assets/informe-favoritas-mundial-070610.pdf|title=What can econometrics tell us about World Cup performance?|publisher=PricewaterhouseCoopers|date=May 2010|page=6–7|access-date=2 August 2014|archive-date=30 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140630073525/https://www.pwc.es/es_ES/es/sala-prensa/notas-prensa/assets/informe-favoritas-mundial-070610.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Chile le Korea Borwa di ne tsa ya kwa di-semi-final tsa tsone fela kwa gae, mme Mexico (makgetho a le mabedi) le Russia e e ikemetseng ka nosi di ne tsa fitlhelela di-semi's tsa tsone fela mo go tse robedi tse di kwa godimo fa di ne di tshegeditse. [[Aforika Borwa]] le Qatar ke tsone fela tse di sa kgonang go feta mo tikologong ya ntlha.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.philly.com/philly/sports/soccer/worldcup/Ultimate_homefield_advantage.html?c=r|title=Ultimate home field advantage: Host nation luck|website=Philadelphia Daily News|first=John|last=Smallwood|date=11 June 2014|access-date=2 August 2014}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;" !Year !Team !Result ! class="unsortable" |Note ! width="20" |Pld ! width="20" |W ! width="20" |D ! width="20" |L ! width="20" |GF ! width="20" |GA ! width="20" |GD |- |1930 | align="left" |{{fb|URU}} | align="left" bgcolor="gold" data-sort-value="-1" |'''Champions''' | align="left" |Best result, later equalled |4 |4 |0 |0 |15 |3 | +12 |- |1934 | align="left" |{{fb|ITA|1861}} | align="left" bgcolor="gold" data-sort-value="-1" |'''Champions''' | align="left" |Best result, later equalled |5 |4 |1 |0 |12 |3 | +9 |- |1938 | align="left" |{{fb|FRA|1794}} | align="left" data-sort-value="-5" |Quarter-finals | align="left" |Best result, later improved |2 |1 |0 |1 |4 |4 |0 |- |1950 | align="left" |{{fb|BRA|1889}} | align="left" bgcolor="silver" data-sort-value="-2" |'''Runners-up''' | align="left" |Best result, later improved |6 |4 |1 |1 |22 |6 | +16 |- |1954 | align="left" |{{fb|SUI}} | align="left" data-sort-value="-5" |Quarter-finals | align="left" |Equalled best result |4 |2 |0 |2 |11 |11 |0 |- |1958 | align="left" |{{fb|SWE}} | align="left" bgcolor="silver" data-sort-value="-2" |'''Runners-up''' | align="left" |Best result |6 |4 |1 |1 |12 |7 | +5 |- |1962 | align="left" |{{fb|CHI}} | align="left" bgcolor="#cc9966" data-sort-value="-3" |'''Third place''' | align="left" |Best result |6 |4 |0 |2 |10 |8 | +2 |- |1966 | align="left" |{{fb|ENG}} | align="left" bgcolor="gold" data-sort-value="-1" |'''Champions''' | align="left" |Best result |6 |5 |1 |0 |11 |3 | +8 |- |1970 | align="left" |{{fb|MEX}} | align="left" data-sort-value="-5" |Quarter-finals | align="left" |Best result, later equalled (again as hosts) |4 |2 |1 |1 |6 |4 | +2 |- |1974 | align="left" |{{fb|FRG}} | align="left" bgcolor="gold" data-sort-value="-1" |'''Champions''' | align="left" |Equalled best result, later equalled again |7 |6 |0 |1 |13 |4 | +9 |- |1978 | align="left" |{{fb|ARG}} | align="left" bgcolor="gold" data-sort-value="-1" |'''Champions''' | align="left" |Best result, later equalled |7 |5 |1 |1 |15 |4 | +9 |- |1982 | align="left" |{{fb|ESP}} | align="left" data-sort-value="-5.5" |Second round (top 12) | align="left" | |5 |1 |2 |2 |4 |5 |−1 |- |1986 | align="left" |{{fb|MEX}} | align="left" data-sort-value="-5" |Quarter-finals | align="left" |Equalled best result (previous time again as hosts) |5 |3 |2 |0 |6 |2 | +4 |- |1990 | align="left" |{{fb|ITA}} | align="left" bgcolor="#cc9966" data-sort-value="-3" |'''Third place''' | align="left" | |7 |6 |1 |0 |10 |2 | +8 |- |1994 | align="left" |{{fb|USA}} | align="left" data-sort-value="-6" |Round of 16 | align="left" | |4 |1 |1 |2 |3 |4 |−1 |- |1998 | align="left" |{{fb|FRA}} | align="left" bgcolor="gold" data-sort-value="-1" |'''Champions''' | align="left" |Best result, later equalled |7 |6 |1 |0 |15 |2 | +13 |- | rowspan="2" |2002 | align="left" |{{fb|KOR|1997}} | align="left" bgcolor="#9acdff" data-sort-value="-4" |'''Fourth place''' | align="left" |Best result |7 |3 |2 |2 |8 |6 | +2 |- | align="left" |{{fb|JPN}} | align="left" data-sort-value="-6" |Round of 16 | align="left" |Best result, later equalled |4 |2 |1 |1 |5 |3 | +2 |- |2006 | align="left" |{{fb|GER}} | align="left" bgcolor="#cc9966" data-sort-value="-3" |'''Third place''' | align="left" | |7 |5 |1 |1 |14 |6 | +8 |- |2010 | align="left" |{{fb|RSA}} | align="left" data-sort-value="-7" |First round | align="left" |Equalled best (and worst) result |3 |1 |1 |1 |3 |5 |−2 |- |2014 | align="left" |{{fb|BRA}} | align="left" bgcolor="#9acdff" data-sort-value="-4" |'''Fourth place''' | align="left" | |7 |3 |2 |2 |11 |14 |−3 |- |2018 | align="left" |{{fb|RUS}} | align="left" data-sort-value="-5" |Quarter-finals | align="left" |Best result as independent nation |5 |2 |2 |1 |11 |7 | +4 |- |2022 | align="left" |{{fb|QAT}} | align="left" |First round | align="left" |Best (and worst) result |3 |0 |0 |3 |1 |7 | -6 |- | rowspan="3" |2026 | align="left" |{{fb|CAN}} | align="left" |TBD | align="left" | | | | | | | | |- | align="left" |{{fb|MEX}} | align="left" |TBD | align="left" | | | | | | | | |- | align="left" |{{fb|USA}} | align="left" |TBD | align="left" | | | | | | | | |- |} == Metswedi == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> == Dikarolo tse di kwa ntle == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20101214080245/http://de.fifa.com/mm/document/fifafacts/mencompwc/51/97/81/fs-201_13a_fwc-host-announcement.pdf Tshwetso ya Kgatiso ya Motshwari wa Sejana sa Lefatshe sa FIFA (PDF)] * [https://www.worldcupsc.com/ Sejana sa Lefatshe sa FIFA 2022] {{FIFA World Cup}}{{FIFA World Cup bids}} [[Karolo:Pages with unreviewed translations]] qm3rkob0yw10lfr68surgyzokrrpg80 0 8636 55356 44370 2026-09-23T05:54:07Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55356 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox sportsperson | headercolor = lightblue | name = Gakologelwang Masheto | image = | imagesize = | caption = | birth_name = | fullname = Gakologelwang Lesiba<br/>Masheto | nickname = ''Shoes''<ref name=shoes/> | nationality = {{BOT}} | residence = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1984|11|1|df=yes}} | birth_place = [[Maun, Botswana|Maun]], Botswana | death_date = | death_place = | height = {{height|m=1.78|abbr=on}} | weight = {{convert|60|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}} | website = | country = | sport = [[Athletics (sport)|Athletics]] | event = [[Sprint (running)|Sprint]] | collegeteam = [[Illinois Fighting Illini]] (USA) | club = | team = | turnedpro = | coach = | retired = | coaching = | worlds = | regionals = | nationals = | olympics = | paralympics = | highestranking = | pb = '''400 m''': 45.41 s (2007) | medaltemplates = }} '''Gakologelwang Lesiba Masheto''' (o tshotswe ka Ngwanatsele a rogwa ka ngwaga wa 1984 kwa [[Maun]]) ke motabogi wa Botswana, yo o neng a itsege thata mo metshamekong ya go taboga [[dimetara di le 400]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=15 January 2013|url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ma/gakologelwang-masheto-1.html|title=Gakologelwang Masheto|access-date=3 May 2017|archive-date=7 February 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130207103726/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ma/gakologelwang-masheto-1.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> O ne a tlhoma nako ya gagwe e e gaisang ya metsotswana e le 45.41 ka go fenya kgaisano ya go taboga dimetara di le 400 kwa kgaisanong ya batabogi kwa [[Tucson,]] [[Arizona]].<ref name="shoes">{{Cite news|title=Shoe fits Illini|url=http://www.illinihq.com/sports/illini-sports/track/2007-06-06/shoe-fits-illini.html|date=6 June 2007|access-date=15 January 2013|archivedate=16 February 2013|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130216064911/http://www.illinihq.com/sports/illini-sports/track/2007-06-06/shoe-fits-illini.html}}</ref> Masheto o ne a emela [[Botswana]] kwa [[diolimpiking tsa selemo ka ngwaga wa 2008]] kwa [[Beijing]], kwa a neng a gaisana mo [[metshamekong ya banna ya dimetara di le 400]]. O ne a siana mo kgaisanong ya ntlha kgatlhanong le batabogi ba bangwe ba le supa, go akaretsa le [[Kévin Borlée]] wa Belgium, le [[David Neville]] wa United States, ba ba neng ba ratiwa thata ka nako eo. O ne a wetsa kgaisano a le mo maemong a bofelo ka nako ya metsotswana e le masome a mabedi le boraro (0.23) morago ga [[Eric Milazar]] wa Mauritius, ka nako e e gaisang ya paka eo ya metsotswana e le 46.29. Le fa go ntse jalo, Masheto o ne a palelwa ke go fetela kwa karolong e latelang ya kgaisano, ka gonne o ne a le mo maemong a bo masome a mararo le borobabobedi ka kakaretso.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Men's 400m Round 1 – Heat 1|url=http://www.2008.nbcolympics.com/trackandfield/resultsandschedules/rsc=ATM004900/index.html|publisher=[[NBC Olympics]]|access-date=15 January 2013|archive-date=21 August 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821043213/http://www.2008.nbcolympics.com/trackandfield/resultsandschedules/rsc%3DATM004900/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Masheto gape ke leloko la setlhopha sa go taboga le go tshameka mo lebaleng sa [[Illinois Fighting Illini]], ke moalogi wa Kinesiology kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Illinois]] kwa [[Urbana, Illinois.|Urbana, Illinois]]. == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} == Tse di kwa ntle == * [https://worldathletics.org/athletes/-/14176324 Gakologelwang Masheto] kwa [https://worldathletics.org/athletes/-/14176324 World Athletics] * [https://www.olympics.com/en/athletes/gakologelwang-masheto Gakologelwang Masheto] kwa [https://www.olympics.com/en/athletes/gakologelwang-masheto Olympics.com] * [https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/114992 Gakologelwang Masheto] kwa [https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/114992 Olympedia] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20220101/https://thecgf.com/results/athletes/37349 Gakologelwang Masheto] kwa the [[:en:Commonwealth_Games_Federation|Commonwealth Games Federation]] (archived) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120910104556/http://www.fightingillini.com/sports/m-track/mtt/masheto_gakologelwang00.html Profile – Illinois Fighting Illini] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120822120319/http://www.2008.nbcolympics.com/athletes/athlete%3D53143/bio/index.html NBC Olympics Profile] npa7lwzd5626m7xiwfozc2lmx601vtx 0 9059 55347 34018 2026-09-23T04:56:15Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55347 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Edward Alexander Sprinkle''' (Lwetse a tlhola ga raro, 1923-Phukwi a le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi, 2014) e ne e le motshameki wa kgwele ya seAmerika ([[:en:American_football|American football]]) a tshamekela [[:en:Chicago_Bears|Chicago Bears]] ya [[:en:National_Football_League|National Football League]] (NFL) a tshameka e le [[:en:Defensive_end|defensive end]] le [[:en:End_(gridiron_football)|end]]. O ne a itsiwe ke ba le bantsi jaaka "monna yo pelompe go ba gaisa botlhe mo Pro Football" ebile a filwe leina la matshamekwane la "The Claw". O tshamekile ditlha di le lesome le bobedi le Bears o ipelwa ka go tsisa tshekatsheko ka fa batshameking ba lemorago la NFL. == Tiro ya Mmadikole == Pele ga tiro ya gagwe ya NFL, Sprinkle o ne a fenya mafoko ([[:en:Letterman_(sports)|letters]]) a le mararo mo kgweleng ya seAmerika le [[:en:Basketball|basketball]] abo a iponna All-Border Conference fa a santse a le kwa [[:en:Hardin–Simmons_University|Hardin–Simmons University]] ka dingwaga tsa bo 1940 di simologa. Hardin-Simmons e ne ya tswala metshameko ya yone yotlhe ka ntata ya ntwa ya lefatshe ya bobedi ([[:en:World_War_II|World War II]]), se o sa dira gore Sprinkle a fudugele kwa [[:en:United_States_Naval_Academy|United States Naval Academy]] go ya go dira setlha sa gagwe sa bofelo ka 1943, kwa a ileng a fiwa tlotla ya All-Eastern. == Tiro ya go tshameka == Fa a sena go tswa mo mmadikole, Sprinkle o ne a tsewa ke [[:en:Chicago_Bears|Chicago Bears]] ya ga [[:en:George_Halas|George Halas]] ka 1944. Kwa ntlheng o ne a tshameka kwa pele le kwa morago; a tshwara ditlhago di le masome a mararo le bobedi mo dikgatong di le 451 le di [[:en:Touchdown|touchdown]] di le supa mo tirong ya gagwe. Bokgoni jwa gagwe jwa go kgomogela di quarterback tsa kganetso, bo ne jwa mo dira moitsigotlhe wa lemorago. Sprinkle o ne ka bonako a itsege ka go tshameka ga gagwe ga bogatlhamela masisi; ka [[:en:1946_NFL_Championship_Game|1946 NFL Championship Game]], batshameki ba [[:en:New_York_Giants|New York Giants]] [[:en:George_Franck|George Franck]], [[:en:Frank_Reagan|Frank Reagan]], le [[Frank Filchock]] ba ne ba tswa ka ntata ya dikgobalo tse di dirilweng ke go thulwa ke Sprinkle. Nngwe ya dikgoreletso tsa ga Sprinkle, e ne e le clothesline tackle a e dira ka letsogo la gagwe, mo go ileng ga dira gore a fiwe leina la "The Claw" go tswa kwa ''[[:en:Collier's|Collier's Weekly]]''.<ref name=":0">Jimbo Covert and Ed Sprinkle selected to Pro Football Hall of Fame. The Bears now have 30 members — the most of any team. [https://www.chicagotribune.com/sports/bears/ct-chicago-bears-jimbo-covert-hall-of-fame-20200115-5r74vv5pyrhfzcs2bf4izbh2xi-story.html] Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 18/10/2023.</ref> Fa a ne a latofadiwa ka "tshameko e e makgwakgwa" ebile a sa itshware jaaka motshameki mo tirong ya gagwe, a dira gore ka 1949 bakatisi [[:en:Greasy_Neale|Greasy Neale]] and [[:en:Buddy_Parker|Buddy Parker]] ba kope NFL gore e mo otlhae,<ref>Neale protests Bears' playing of Ed Sprinkle [https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-louis-globe-democrat-neale-protests/42350010/] St. Louis Globe-Democrat. Retrieved 25/10/2023.</ref><ref>Star End Awaits 12th NFL Season [https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-philadelphia-inquirer/42350120/] John Dell. Retrieved 25/10/2023.</ref> a sireletsa tshameko ya gagwe a supa fa e sa farologane le ya batshameki ba bangwe ba nako eo. Go ya ka Sprinkle, "Re ne re le pelompe ka bo 1950 ka gore maemo a ne a le mannye ebile re a lwela thata. Ne e le nako e e pharologanyo"<ref>Former Bear Ed Sprinkle, 1923-2014, was standout defensive player [https://www.chicagotribune.com/suburbs/daily-southtown/ct-ed-sprinkle-obituary-met-20140812-story.html] Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 25/10/2023.</ref> O ne a galaletswa ke Halas "mokgotetsi wa dintlha yo o gaisang yo nkileng ka mmona,"<ref name=":0" /><ref>Ex-Bears great Sprinkle elected to Hall of Fame [https://www.chicagobears.com/news/ex-bears-great-sprinkle-elected-to-hall-of-fame] Larry Mayer. Retrieved 25/10/2023.</ref> fa quarterback ya Giants [[:en:Y._A._Tittle|Y.A. Title]] a ne a tshwaela ka 1969 a re "di quarterback di ne di lebelela baamogedi ba ditlhago ka leitlho le le lengwe. Le lengwe lone ba le tlhomile mo go Sprinkle."<ref>It's a Whale of a Meal, But a Bum Steer [https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-times/42350100/] The Times. Retrieved 25/10/2023.</ref> == Pereko ya morago ga tshameko == Morago ga tiro ya gagwe ya pro, Sprinkle o ne a tsena mo kgwebong kwa [[:en:Chicago|Chicago]]. O tlhokafetse Phatwe a le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi, 2014.<ref>Ed Sprinkle, Defensive End Known for Violent Play, Dies at 90 [https://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/01/sports/football/ed-sprinkle-defensive-end-known-for-violent-play-dies-at-90.html?_r=0] Richard Goldstein. Retrieved 25/10/2023.</ref><ref>Ed Sprinkle, football's 'meanest man', dies at 90 [https://web.archive.org/web/20171210020057/https://www.newsday.com/sports/football/ed-sprinkle-football-s-meanest-man-dies-at-90-1.8972645] Newsday. Retrieved 25/10/2023.</ref> Ba [[:en:Professional_Football_Researchers_Association|Professional Football Researchers Association]] ba ne ba bitsa Sprinkle go ya kwa PFRA Hall of Very Good Class ya 2007.<ref>Hall of Very Good Class of 2007 [https://web.archive.org/web/20180707030855/http://www.profootballresearchers.com/hall-of-very-good-2007.htm] Professional Football Researchers Association. Retrieved 25/10/2023.</ref> Sprinkle gape o tsentswe mo [[:en:Chicagoland_Sports_Hall_of_Fame|Chicagoland Sports Hall of Fame]]. Ka Firikbong a le lesome le botlhano, 2020, Sprinke o ne a tlhophiwa go tsena mo [[:en:Pro_Football_Hall_of_Fame|Pro Football Hall of Fame]] Class of 2020.<ref>Pro Football Hall of Fame Centennial Class revealed [https://www.nfl.com/news/pro-football-hall-of-fame-centennial-class-revealed-0ap3000001096785] NFL.com. Retrieved 25/10/2023.</ref> Sprinkle gape e ne ele motshameki wa golofo. a na le bokgoni jwa 18 kwa Midlothian Country Club. == Metswedi == ri9bil8kj49rn5w51b9rlu7cjvhq8xl 0 9066 55396 48685 2026-09-23T10:49:12Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55396 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Lupita Nyong'o|image=SXSW 2019 4 (47282558132) (cropped).jpg|caption=Nyong'o ka ngwaga wa 2019|birth_name=Lupita Amondi Nyong'o|birth_date={Birth date and age{{!}}df=yes{{!}}1983{{!}}3{{!}}1}|birth_place=Mexico City, Mexico|citizenship={{hlist|Mexico|Kenya}}|education=Hampshire College( Bachelor of Arts{{!}}BA) <nowiki>Yale University (Master of Fine Arts|MFA]])</nowiki>|occupation=Actress|years active=2005–present|parents=Peter Anyang' Nyong'o}} '''Lupita Amondi Nyong'o''' o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa 1983 ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e tlhola gangwe. Ke modiragatsi o o tlhakantseng ditso tsa [[:en:Mexicans|Mexican]] le mo [[:en:Kenya|Kenya]]. O amogetse dikgele di le dintsi di akaretsa ya [[:en:Academy_Awards|Academy Award]] le ya [[:en:Daytime_Emmy_Awards|Daytime Emmy Award]], a nna le sebaka sa go phadisanela [[:en:Tony_Awards|Tony award]] le [[:en:Golden_Globe_Awards|Golden Globe Award.]] Lupita ke ngwaga wa mopolotiki wa kwa Kenya; [[:en:Anyang'_Nyong'o|Peter Anyang'Nyong'o]], o tsholetswe kwa toropong ya [[:en:Mexico_City|Mexico]], kwa rragwe a neng a ruta teng, o godiseditswe kwa Kenya go simolola fa a le dingwaga di le tharo. O tsene sekolo se segolwane kwa [[USA|United States]], a aloga mo go tsa bodiragatsi le filimi kwa [[:en:Hampshire_College|Hampshire College.]] O ne a simolola tiro ya gagwe kwa [[:en:Hollywood,_Los_Angeles|Hollywood]] e le mothusi mo lephateng la go simolodisa difilimi. Ka ngwaga wa 2008, o ne a diragatsa e le lantlha mo filiming e khutshwane ya ''East River'', mme a boela kwa Kenya go diragatsa mo thulaganyong ya [[:en:Shuga_(TV_series)|Shuga]] go tswa ka ngwaga wa 2009 go tsena ka 2012. O ne a ya go tsweledisa dithuto tsa masters mo go tsa bodiragatsi kwa [[:en:David_Geffen_School_of_Drama_at_Yale_University|Yale School of Drama]]. Morago ga go aloga, o ne a tlhagelela mo filiming ya ga [[:en:Steve_McQueen_(director)|Steve McQueen]] e le moanelwa [[:en:Patsey|Patsey]], ya [[:en:12_Years_a_Slave_(film)|12 Years a Slave]] ya ngwaga wa 2013, e a e amogeletseng kgothatso le seetsele sa Academy Award sa go nna modiragatsi wa mme o o thusang o o gaisitseng. Nyong'o tshamekile e le lantlha mo metshamekong ya [[:en:Broadway_theatre|Broadway]] e le ngwana wa lesiela mo motshamekong wa [[:en:Eclipsed_(play)|Eclipsed]] wa ngwaga wa 2015, o ne a tlhopiwa go phadisanela seetsele sa Tony Award sa modiragatsi wa mme o o gaisitseng mo motshamekong. O ne a tswelela a ya go diragatsa e le [[:en:Maz_Kanata|Maz Kanata]] mo [[:en:Star_Wars_(film)|Star Wars]] go tswa ka 2015 go tsena ka 2019, a boa gape a diragatsa e le lentswe la ga ''Raksha'' mo [[:en:The_Jungle_Book_(2016_film)|The Jungle Book]] ya ngwaga wa 2016. Tiro ya ga Nyong'o e ne ya tswelela ka go tshameka [[:en:Nakia_(comics)|Nakia]] mo filiming ya [[:en:Black_Panther_(film)|Black panther]] ya ngwaga wa 2018 le wa 2022, a nna moanelwamogolo mo filiming ya ga [[:en:Jordan_Peele|Jordan Peele]] ya [[:en:Us_(2019_film)|Us]] ka ngwaga wa 2019. Kwa ntle ga go diragatsa, Nyong'o o eme nokeng go somarela ditso. Lentswe la gagwe le a utlwala mo go kganeleng go dirisiwa botlhaswa mo tlhakanelong dikobo, a berekela ditshwanelo tsa bomme le diphologolo. Ka ngwaga wa 2014, o ne a bidiwa mosadi o montle go gaisa bomme botlhe ke ba makasine wa [[:en:People_(magazine)|People]]. Ka ngwaga wa 2019, Nyong'o o ne a kwala buka ya bana e bidiwa ''[[:en:Sulwe|Sulwe]]'', e e neng ya rekisa thata go ya ka ba [[:en:The_New_York_Times|New York Times]]. O tlhophilwe gape go phadisanela dietsele tsa [[:en:Primetime_Emmy_Awards|Primetime Emmy]] e le mmoledi o o gaisitseng mo dikgaolong tse pedi tsa thulaganyo ya ''Serengeti''. Ka ngwaga wa 2020, Nyong'o o ne a nna mongwe wa bomme ba le masome a matlhano mo [[Aferika|Aforika]] ba ba nang le tlhotlheletso e ekwa godimo ke ba [[:en:Forbes|Forbes]]. == Botshelo jwa a le mmotlana == Lupita Amondi Nyong'o o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa 1983, Mopitlo a tlhola gangwe kwa toropong ya Mexico,<ref>[https://www.theatlantic.com/culture/archive/2014/03/lupita-nyongo-ended-kenya-and-mexicos-mini-feud-over-her-nationality/358766/ "Lupita Nyong'o Ended Kenya and Mexico's Mini-Feud Over Her Nationality".] ''[[:en:The_Atlantic|The Atlantic]]''. 3 March 2014. Retrieved 1 September 2020.</ref><ref>[https://www.biography.com/actors/lupita-nyongo "Lupita Nyong'o Biography: Theater Actress, Film Actress, Television Actress (1983–)".] [[:en:Biography_(TV_program)|Biography.com]] ([[:en:FYI_(American_TV_channel)|FYI]] / [[:en:A&E_Networks|A&E Networks]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160513124742/http://www.biography.com/people/lupita-nyongo-21465383 Archived] from the original on 13 May 2016. Retrieved 12 May 2016.</ref><ref>[https://www.yahoo.com/entertainment/blogs/movie-talk/12-things-know-12-years-slave-breakout-lupita-185709419.html "12 Things to Know About '12 Years a Slave' Breakout Lupita Nyong'o".] Yahoo Movies. 1 November 2013. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140113081640/http://movies.yahoo.com/blogs/movie-talk/12-things-know-12-years-slave-breakout-lupita-185709419.html Archived] from the original on 13 January 2014. Retrieved 14 January 2017.</ref><ref>[[:en:The_Late_Late_Show_with_Craig_Ferguson|''The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson''.]] Season 10. Episode 1822. 12 November 2013. CBS.</ref> a tsalwa ke batsadi ba kwa Kenya, Dorothy Ogada Buyu<ref name=":0">Walubengo, Laura (5 November 2013). [https://web.archive.org/web/20140512220214/http://africamagic.dstv.com/2013/11/05/interview-a-moment-with-dorothy-nyongo/ "A moment with Dorothy Nyong'o"]. ''africamagic.dstv.com''. Archived from [https://www.dstv.com/africamagic/en-bw/2013/11/05/interview-a-moment-with-dorothy-nyongo the original] on 12 May 2014. Retrieved 10 July 2014.</ref><ref>Stated on [[:en:Finding_Your_Roots|''Finding Your Roots'',]] 14 November 2017</ref> le Peter Anyang' Nyong'o, morutuntshi wa kwa sekolong se segolwane. Lolwapa lo ne lwa tswa kwa kenya ka ngwaga wa 1980 ka ntlha ya diphuduego le kgatelelo ya sepolotiki. Mogolowe Peter ebong ''Charles Nyong'o'' o ne a nyelela morago ga go latlhiwa mo sekepeng ka ngwaga wa 1980.<ref>[https://www.huffpost.com/entry/lupita-nyongos-father-peter-anyang-nyongo-family-abuse-kenya_n_4993686 "Lupita Nyong'o's Father, Peter Anyang' Nyong'o, Reveals Family Torture In Kenya".] [[:en:HuffPost|''HuffPost''.]] 24 March 2015. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160310193727/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/03/19/lupita-nyongos-father-peter-anyang-nyongo-family-abuse-kenya_n_4993686.html Archived] from the original on 10 March 2016. Retrieved 6 October 2016. <q>I was born in Mexico because my father was teaching at a school in Mexico City.</q></ref> Nyong'o o na le boagedi mo mafatsheng a mabedi, kwa [[:en:Kenya|Kenya]] le kwa [[:en:Mexico|Mexico]], mme o itshupa e le motho wa ditso tseo tsotlhe ka bobedi.<ref>Rivas, Jorge (14 May 2014). [http://fusion.net/story/5682/lupita-nyongo-teaches-mexican-kids-how-to-smile/ "Lupita Nyong'o Teaches Mexican Kids How to Smile"]. [[:en:Fusion_TV|Fusion]]. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20160527154636/http://fusion.net/story/5682/lupita-nyongo-teaches-mexican-kids-how-to-smile/ the original] on 27 May 2016. Retrieved 26 May 2016.</ref><ref>Thatiana, Diaz (19 February 2018). [https://people.com/chica/lupita-nyongo-on-beauty-standards-and-growing-up-in-mexico/ "Lupita Nyong'o on Living in Mexico: 'It Was Such a Bizarre, Dire Time for My Hair'".] [[:en:People_(magazine)|''People''.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20181029031042/https://people.com/chica/lupita-nyongo-on-beauty-standards-and-growing-up-in-mexico/ Archived] from the original on 29 October 2018. Retrieved 28 October 2018.</ref> Lolwapa lwa ga mmagwe le lwa ga rragwe otlhe ka bobedi a na le medi kwa bathong ba morafe wa [[:en:Luo_people|Luo]], ke ngwana wa bobedi mo baneng ba le barataro.<ref name=":1">Williams, Sally (10 January 2014). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/starsandstories/10558449/Lupita-Nyongo-interview-with-a-rising-star.html "Lupita Nyong'o: Interview with a rising star".] [[:en:The_Guardian|''The Guardian''.]] Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20140822120857/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/starsandstories/10558449/Lupita-Nyongo-interview-with-a-rising-star.html the original] on 22 August 2014.</ref> Ke ngwao ya batho ba Luo go bitsa ngwana leina morago ga ditiragalo tsa letsatsi leo, ka jalo batsadi ba gagwe ba ne ba mo fa leina la puo ya [[:en:Spanish_language|Spanish]] ebong Lupita.<ref name=":2">[[:en:Jimmy_Kimmel_Live!|"Matt LeBlanc, Lupita Nyong'o, The Fray"]]. ''Jimmy Kimmel Live''. 14 January 2014. ABC.</ref> Rragwe o kile a nna tona wa tsa botsogo ka puso ya kwa Kenya, mme morago a nna mokaedi kwa toropong ya [[:en:Kisumu|Kisumu]] kwa Kenya.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20221007143718/https://africacancerfoundation.org/team/h-e-hon-prof-anyang-nyongo/ "H.E Hon. Prof. Anyang' Nyong'o – Cancer awareness, prevention, training and partnerships"]. Africa Cancer Foundation. Retrieved 30 April 2022.</ref> Ka nako ya fa Nyong'o a belegwa, rragwe e ne e le morutuntshi o o etileng wa maranyane a polotiki kwa [[:en:El_Colegio_de_México|El Colegio de Mexico]] kwa toropong ya Mexico.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":3">Morris, Alex (9 February 2014). [https://www.thecut.com/2014/02/lupita-nyongo-new-fashion-it-girl.html "Lupita Nyong'o, From Unknown to 'It' Girl in Less Than a Year"]. ''[[:en:New_York_(magazine)|New York]]''. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20140718092250/http://nymag.com/thecut/2014/02/lupita-nyongo-new-fashion-it-girl.html the original] on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 2 March 2014.</ref> Lolwapa lo ne lwa boela kwa Kenya fa Nyong'o a ise a nne le ngwaga,<ref name=":2" /><ref>Stern, Marlow. [https://www.thedailybeast.com/lupita-nyongo-on-her-magical-journey-from-kenya-to-12-years-a-slave-and-possible-oscar-glory "Lupita Nyong'o On Her Magical Journey from Kenya to '12 Years A Slave' and Possible Oscar Glory".] [[:en:The_Daily_Beast|''The Daily Beast''.]] Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20140225181812/http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2014/02/22/lupita-nyong-o-s-magical-journey-from-kenya-to-12-years-a-slave-and-possible-oscar-glory.html the original] on 25 February 2014. Retrieved 10 July 2014.</ref>morago ga gore rragwe a hiriwe e le morutuntshi kwa [[:en:University_of_Nairobi|University of Nairobi]].<ref name=":1" /> O goletse kwa [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi,]] mo lolwapeng lwa bodiragatsi, o tlhalosa kgodiso ya gagwe e le ya maemo a a fa gare.<ref name=":3" /> Bokopano jwa ba lolwapa gantsi bo ne bo akaretsa bana ba diragatsa, le maeto a go bona metshameko.<ref name=":4">Gardner, Elysa (8 February 2014). [https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/movies/2014/02/08/oscar-nominee-lupita-nyongo-discusses-her-amazing-journey/5080445/ "For '12 Years a Slave' actress, Oscar nod is "ultimate bonus" of amazing journey"]. ''USA Today''. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20140301073251/http://www.usatoday.com/story/life/movies/2014/02/08/oscar-nominee-lupita-nyongo-discusses-her-amazing-journey/5080445/ the original] on 1 March 2014. Retrieved 2 March 2014.</ref> O tsene sekolo sa ''Rusinga International School kwa Kenya,'' mme a diragatsa mo metshamekong ya sekolo.<ref name=":0" /> Fa a le dingwaga di le lesome le bone, Nyong'o ne a tlhagelela e le lantlha mo motshamekong wa ga [[William shakespeare|William Shakespear]] wa [[:en:Romeo_and_Juliet|Romeo and Juliet]] a tshameka karolo ya ga Juliet,<ref name=":0" /> e le tlhamo ya kompone ya [[:en:Phoenix_Players|Phoenix Players]].<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /> Ka nako e a neng a le leloko la Phoenix Players, o diragaditse gape mo metshamekong ya [[:en:On_the_Razzle_(play)|On The Razzle]] le [[:en:There_Goes_the_Bride_(1932_film)|There Goes The Bride]]. O akgolela [[:en:Whoopi_Goldberg|Whoopi Goldberg]] le [[:en:Oprah_Winfrey|Oprah Winfrey]] go bo ba mo tlhotlheleditse go bereka e le modiragatsi, ka bodiragatsi jwa bone mo filiming ya [[:en:The_Color_Purple_(1985_film)|The Color Purple.]]<ref>Diaz, Evelyn (26 November 2013). [https://web.archive.org/web/20220120053232/https://www.bet.com/article/8hrogo/octavia-spencer-oprah-winfrey-and-lupita-nyong-o-on-acting "Octavia Spencer, Oprah Winfrey and Lupita Nyong'o on Acting".] [[:en:BET|BET.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20140222130913/http://www.bet.com/news/celebrities/2013/11/26/octavia-spencer-oprah-winfrey-and-lupita-nyong-o-on-acting.html Archived] from the original on 22 February 2014. Retrieved 2 March 2014.</ref><ref>Shapiro, Bee (10 February 2014). [https://www.glamour.com/story/lupita-nyongo-makeup "Actress Lupita Nyong'o Talks Hair and Makeup Tips and Working on 12 Years a Slave".] ''[[:en:Glamour_(magazine)|Glamour]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140223135325/http://www.glamour.com/beauty/blogs/girls-in-the-beauty-department/2014/02/lupita-nyongo-makeup.html Archived] from the original on 23 February 2014. Retrieved 2 March 2014.</ref> == Metswedi == 7g4r45dage1gbps5ly1a0esya7winoi 0 9104 55373 33833 2026-09-23T08:23:45Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55373 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|caption=Prince George ka ngwaga wa 2022|birth_name=Prince George of Cambridge|name=Prince George|image=Prince George at Queen Elizabeth II Platinum Jubilee 2022 - Platinum Pageant.jpg|birth_date=2013{{!}}07{{!}}22{{!}}|birth_place=St Mary's Hospital, London, England|native_name=George Alexander Louis|father=William, Prince of Wales|mother=Catherine Middleton]}} '''Kgosana George''' wa kwa [[:en:Wales|Wales]] (George Alexander Louis) o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa 2013, Phukwi a le malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi. Ke leloko la lolwapa lwa bogosi jwa kwa [[:en:Great_Britain|Britain]]. Ke ngwana wa ntlha wa ga [[:en:William,_Prince_of_Wales|William]] le [[Catherine, Mohamagatsana wa kwa Wales|Catherine]]; Kgosana le mohumagatsana ba kwa Wales. George ke ene ngwana-wa-ngwana wa ntlha wa ga [[:en:King_Charles_III|King Charles wa boraro]], mme gape ke wa bobedi mo tatelanong ya ba ba tla pagamang setilo sa bogosi jwa kwa ga mmamosadinyana, a sala rragwe morago. George o tsholetswe kwa sepateleng sa [[:en:St_Mary's_Hospital,_London|St Mary's]] kwa [[:en:London|Lontone]] ka nako ya fa go santse go busa mmagwemogolo mo lotlhakoreng lwa ga rragwe, ebong [[:en:Queen_Elizabeth_II|Queen Elizabeth wa bobedi,]] George o ne a le mo maemong a boraro a bogosi pele ga nkukuagwe a tlhokafala. Matsalo a gagwe a ne a ipelelwa mo mafatsheng a selekane, ka go solofetswe gore o tla nna kgosi. == Fa a santse a le losea == Kgosana George o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e le malatsi a le masome mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2013 kwa sepateleng sa [[:en:St_Mary's_Hospital,_London|St. Mary's Hospital]] kwa Lontone, nako e le ya masome a mabedi le bone morago ga bone, ka nako e mmagwemogolo go tswa mo lotlhakoreng lwa ga rragwe, ebong Elizabeth wa bobedi a neng a santse a busa, e le ngwana wa ntlha wa ga Kgosana William le kgosatsana Catherine, ba ka nako eo ba neng ba itsege e le Duke le Duchess ba kwa Cambridge.<ref name=":0">Owen, Paul; Walker, Peter; Quinn, Ben; Gabbatt, Adam (22 July 2013). [https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/blog/2013/jul/22/royal-baby-kate-admitted-to-hospital-for-birth-live-coverage "Royal baby: Duchess of Cambridge gives birth to a boy – as it happened".] ''The Guardian''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210517205844/https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/blog/2013/jul/22/royal-baby-kate-admitted-to-hospital-for-birth-live-coverage Archived] from the original on 17 May 2021. Retrieved 22 July 2013.</ref> Matsalo a ga George a ne a itsisiwe ka pego, mme ya salwa morago ke sesupo sa ngwao kwa pele ga [[:en:Buckingham_Palace|ntlo ya bogosi ya Buckingham]].<ref name=":0" /><ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-23414066 "Royal baby bulletin displayed at palace (video)"]. ''BBC News''. 22 July 2013. Retrieved 22 July 2013. <q>A formal bulletin confirming that the Duchess of Cambridge has given birth to a baby boy has been displayed on an easel at Buckingham Palace.</q></ref>Meletlo e ne ya tshwarelwa matsalo a gagwe kwa [[:en:United_Kingdom|United Kingdom]] le mo mafatsheng a selekane, mme ngwana o mosha o, a bakiwa jaaka kgosi ya kamoso mo dipampiring tsa dikgang ka bontsi tsa kwa Britain.<ref>Malkin, Bonnie; Johnson, Daniel (23 July 2013). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/theroyalfamily/10196405/Royal-baby-what-the-British-papers-said.html "Royal baby: what the British papers said"]. ''The Telegraph''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210429175521/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/theroyalfamily/10196405/Royal-baby-what-the-British-papers-said.html Archived] from the original on 29 April 2021. Retrieved 29 April 2018. <q>News that the Duchess of Cambridge has given birth to the future king has been celebrated on the front page of every paper in Britain.</q></ref><ref>[https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/a-future-monarch-is-born-gwv0xss8mqv "A Future Monarch is Born".] ''The Times''. 23 July 2013. Archived from the original on 4 June 2021. Retrieved 10 June 2021.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e le malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bone, leina la gagwe le ne la bolelwa e le George Alexander Louis.<ref>Davies, Caroline (24 July 2013). [https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2013/jul/24/royal-baby-prince-george-cambridge "Prince George: royal couple choose name fit for a king".] ''The Guardian''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210506212756/https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2013/jul/24/royal-baby-prince-george-cambridge Archived] from the original on 6 May 2021. Retrieved 24 July 2013. <q>Sticking rigidly to royal tradition, the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge have announced that their baby son is to be called George Alexander Louis, to be known as His Royal Highness Prince George of Cambridge.</q></ref> George o ne a le wa boraro mo tatelanong ya bogosi ka nako ya fa a tsholwa. E le lantlha, fa e sale ka puso ya ga [[:en:Queen_Victoria|Queen Victoria]] dikokomane di le tharo tse di mo tatelanong ya bogosi di tshela ka nako e nngwe: George, rragwe ebong William, le rragwemogolo Charles.<ref>Johnson, Daniel (22 July 2013). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/theroyalfamily/10194561/Royal-baby-three-generations-of-heirs-in-waiting.html "Royal baby: three generations of heirs in waiting".] ''The Telegraph''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210429231117/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/theroyalfamily/10194561/Royal-baby-three-generations-of-heirs-in-waiting.html Archived] from the original on 29 April 2021. Retrieved 14 September 2019. <q>This is only the second time there have been three generations of heirs, the first being in 1894 when Edward VII, George V, and Edward VIII were all in line to succeed Queen Victoria.</q></ref> George o ne a kolobediwa ka kgwedi ya Phalane e le malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boraro ke [[:en:Justin_Welby|Justin Welby, Archbishop wa kwa Canterbury,]] kwa kerekeng ya [[:en:Chapel_Royal|Chapel Royal]] kwa [[:en:St_James's_Palace|ntlong ya bogosi ya St James's.]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20131014145813/http://www.dukeandduchessofcambridge.org/news-and-diary/8758/press-release "The christening of Prince George of Cambridge"]. ''Duke and Duchess of Cambridge website''. 27 September 2013. Archived from [https://www.royal.uk/ the original] on 14 October 2013. Retrieved 27 September 2013. <q>Their Royal Highnesses The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge are pleased to announce the christening of Prince George will take place on Wednesday, 23rd October at The Chapel Royal, St James's Palace. / Prince George will be christened by The Archbishop of Canterbury, the Most Reverend Justin Welby.</q></ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-24636263 "Prince George christening: Godparents announced".] ''BBC News''. 23 October 2013. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210210123305/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-24636263 Archived] from the original on 10 February 2021. Retrieved 23 October 2013. <q>The names of Prince George's seven godparents have been announced ahead of his christening later. / They are Oliver Baker, Emilia Jardine-Paterson, Earl Grosvenor, Jamie Lowther-Pinkerton, Julia Samuel, William van Cutsem and Zara Tindall.</q></ref> == Kgodiso ya gagwe == Prince George o feditse dikgwedi tsa ntlha kwa ntlong ya batsadi ba gagwe kwa [[:en:Bodorgan_Hall|Bodorgan Hall]] kwa [[:en:Anglesey|Anglesey]] kwa Wales, pele ga lolwapa lwa gagwe lo fudugela kwa ntlong ya bogosi ya [[:en:Kensington_Palace|Kensington]] ka ngwaga wa 2014.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/blogs/entertainment/2013/08/prince-george-not-yet-sleeping-through-the-night-says-his-dad "Prince George Not Yet Sleeping Through the Night, Says His Dad".] ''ABC News''. Retrieved 19 September 2021.</ref><ref>[https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/kate-middleton-prince-william-baby-george-anglesey-503387 "Kate Middleton, Prince William and Baby George to be Honoured by Anglesey".] ''International Business Times UK''. 3 September 2013. Retrieved 19 September 2021.</ref> George o ne a tsaya loeto lwa bogosi lwa ntlha le batsadi ba gagwe ka Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2014, ka nako e borra Cambridge ba neng ba fetsa dibeke tse tharo kwa [[:en:New_Zealand|New Zealand]] le [[:en:Australia|Australia.]] Le ntswa a tlhageletse gabedi fela, ba dikgang tsa [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ba ne ba tlhalosa fa George o neng a le dikgwedi di robabongwe, e neng e le ene naledi.<ref name=":1">Witchell, Nicholas (25 April 2014). [https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-27139389 "Royal tour: Prince George steals the show as support for monarchy rises"]. ''BBC News''. Retrieved 10 June 2021. <q>'From the moment he was carried down the aircraft steps... on their arrival in New Zealand on Monday 7 April... He has only appeared twice... On each occasion the appeal of a nine-month-old future king has upstaged even the glamour of a future queen consort and her husband.' & 'Australia's Tony Abbott is a particularly fervent supporter [of the monarchy], even going so far - in a speech in Parliament House in front of William and Catherine - to declare with confidence that their son would one day be welcomed to Australia as King George VII.'</q></ref> Tonakgolo wa nako eo wa Australia [[:en:Tony_Abbott|Tony Abbolt]] o ne a bolelapele kwa palamenteng kwa [[:en:Canberra|Canberra]] gore George nako nngwe o tla bo a amogelwa koo e le kgosi ya Australia.<ref name=":1" /> Ka Seetebosigo ngwaga wa 2015, George o ne a tlhagelela lantlha mo sechabeng kwa setupung sa ntlo ya bogosi ya Buckingham morago ga mogwanto wa mebala.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150823054122/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/queen-elizabeth-II/11672660/Prince-George-watches-on-excitedly-as-Royal-family-arrive-at-Trooping-the-Colour-parade.html "Prince George watches on excitedly as Royal family arrive at Trooping the Colour parade".] ''The Telegraph''. 13 June 2015. Archived from [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/queen-elizabeth-II/11672660/Prince-George-watches-on-excitedly-as-Royal-family-arrive-at-Trooping-the-Colour-parade.html the original] on 23 August 2015. Retrieved 14 June 2015.</ref> Go tswa ka ngwaga wa 2015 go tsena wa 2017, lolwapa lo ne lo nna kwa [[:en:Anmer_Hall|Anmer Hall]] kwa [[:en:Norfolk|Norfolk]], kwa George a simolotseng sekolo kwa ''West Acre Montessori School Nursery'' ka Firikgong 2016.<ref>Hunt, Peter (18 December 2015). [https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-norfolk-35130232 "Prince George to attend Westacre Montessori School Nursery".] ''BBC News''. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20150823054122/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/queen-elizabeth-II/11672660/Prince-George-watches-on-excitedly-as-Royal-family-arrive-at-Trooping-the-Colour-parade.html the original] on 24 April 2021. Retrieved 10 June 2021. <q>The two-year-old will go to the Westacre Montessori School Nursery in Norfolk from January.</q></ref> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ngwaga wa 2016, letsatsi la bomasome a mabedi le bobedi, George o ne a kopana le tautona wa nako e o wa kwa U.S [[:en:Barack_Obama|Barack Obama]] le mohumagadi wa gagwe [[:en:Michelle_Obama|Michelle Obama]]. Barack Obama morago a dira motlae ka bokopano boo are George o tsile kwa bokopanong a apere gown e e dirisiwang go tlhapa, o tlodile molao.<ref>Millward, David; Allen, Nick (1 May 2016). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/05/01/obama-mocks-friends-and-foes-at-his-final-appearance-at-white-ho/ "Barack Obama jokes Prince George's pyjamas greeting was 'slap in the face' in his final speech at White House Correspondents' dinner".] ''The Telegraph''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210506184950/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/05/01/obama-mocks-friends-and-foes-at-his-final-appearance-at-white-ho/ Archived] from the original on 6 May 2021. Retrieved 29 September 2016.</ref> George o simolotse sekolo se sebotlana ka leina la George Cambridge ka Lwetse ngwaga wa 2017 kwa Thomas's kwa [[:en:Battersea|Battersea]].<ref>Hunt, Peter (24 March 2017). [https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-39385125 "Prince George to attend Thomas's School in Battersea".] ''BBC News''. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20201111173559/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-39385125 the original] on 11 November 2020. Retrieved 10 June 2021. <q>The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge will send Prince George to a private south London primary school in September.</q></ref><ref>Hunt, Peter (7 September 2017). [https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-41177670 "Prince George starts first day of school".] ''BBC News''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201115150245/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-41177670 Archived] from the original on 15 November 2020. Retrieved 10 June 2021. <q>The four-year-old is attending Thomas's Battersea, an £18,000-a-year preparatory school in London.</q></ref><ref>Davies, Caroline (7 September 2017). [https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2017/sep/07/prince-george-arrives-for-first-day-at-18000-a-year-thomas-battersea-prep-school "Prince George arrives for first day at £18,000-a-year prep school"]. ''The Guardian''. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20210430013200/https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2017/sep/07/prince-george-arrives-for-first-day-at-18000-a-year-thomas-battersea-prep-school the original] on 30 April 2021. Retrieved 10 June 2021. <q>The newest and most famous pupil, who will be known as George Cambridge, was escorted into the reception class.</q></ref>Ka ngwaga wa 2022, lolwapa lo ne lwa fudugela kwa Adelaide kwa [[:en:Windsor_Park|Windsor Park]].<ref>Wylie, Catherine (3 September 2022). [https://www.standard.co.uk/news/uk/kate-middleton-prince-william-cambridges-windsor-move-kensington-palace-royal-family-b1022891.html "Cambridges have moved into new Windsor home, sources say".] ''Evening Standard''. Retrieved 9 September 2022.</ref> Fa e sale ka Lwetse 2022, George le bomonnawe, [[:en:Princess_Charlotte_of_Wales_(born_2015)|Charlotte]] le [[:en:Prince_Louis_of_Wales|Louis]], ba tsene sekolo kwa [[:en:Lambrook|Lambrook]], se e leng sekolo se se ikemetseng kwa Berkshire.<ref>Elston, Laura (22 August 2022). [https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/royal-family/lambrook-school-george-charlotte-louis-b2162473.html "Lambrook: Inside George, Charlotte and Louis' new £7,000-per term school".] ''The Independent''. Retrieved 22 August 2022.</ref><ref>Haq, Sana Noor (8 September 2022). [https://edition.cnn.com/2022/09/08/uk/lambrook-school-royal-children-intl-scli-gbr/index.html "Royal children George, Charlotte and Louis arrive for first day at new school".] ''CNN''. Retrieved 8 September 2022.</ref> George o tsere karolo mo moletlong wa go busa dingwaga di le masome a matlhano ga ga nkukuagwe Queen Elizabeth II ka Seetebosigo 2022, le mo mogwantong wa mebala tota.<ref>Hallemann, Caroline (4 June 2022). [https://www.townandcountrymag.com/society/tradition/a40194313/prince-george-princess-charlotte-wales-platinum-jubilee-photos/ "Prince George and Princess Charlotte Join Their Parents on a Visit to Wales"]. ''Town & Country''. Retrieved 5 June 2022.</ref> O tlhokafetse ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e le malatsi a robabobedi ngwaga wa 2022 mme a tlhatlhamiwa ke rragwemogolo George ebong King Charles III. George o ne a nna wa bobedi mo tatelanong ya bogosi, a sala morago rragwe.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-23272491 "Royal Family tree: William confirmed as Prince of Wales"]. ''BBC News''. 9 September 2022. Retrieved 10 September 2022.</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-61585886 "Queen Elizabeth II has died".] ''BBC News''. 8 September 2022. Retrieved 9 September 2022.</ref> Ka Motsheganong ngwaga wa 2023, letsatsi la borataro, George o ne a tsaya karolo kwa moletlong wa go tlhoma rragwemogolo kgosi.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-65175984 "Coronation invites issued by King Charles and 'Queen Camilla'".] ''BBC News''. 5 April 2023. Retrieved 5 April 2023.</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-65503950 "Coronation order of service in full".] ''BBC News''. Retrieved 6 May 2023.</ref> George le bomonnawe gangwe le gape ba tsamaya le batsadi ba bone mo ditirong tsa bogosi,<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-55282329 "Prince William and Kate make red carpet debut with royal children".] ''BBC News''. 11 December 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201223182604/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-55282329 Archived] from the original on 23 December 2020. Retrieved 2 January 2021. <q>Prince George, Princess Charlotte and Prince Louis watched a performance of Pantoland at the London Palladium with their parents in the royal box.</q></ref> maeto le botsalano jwa mafatshe.<ref>Hunter, Justine (1 October 2016). [https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/prince-william-kate-and-children-bid-farewell-to-canada-as-royal-tour-ends/article32201495/ "Prince William, Kate and children bid farewell to Canada as royal tour ends".] ''The Globe and Mail''. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20210505233519/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/prince-william-kate-and-children-bid-farewell-to-canada-as-royal-tour-ends/article32201495/ the original] on 5 May 2021. Retrieved 23 May 2017. <q>The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge ended their Canadian tour on Saturday in Victoria's inner harbour, greeted by delighted cheers as three-year-old Prince George peered out at the crowd and waved with both hands.</q></ref><ref>Hunt, Peter (17 July 2017). [https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-40627792 "George and Charlotte join Poland and Germany diplomacy tour".] ''BBC News''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210506121010/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-40627792 Archived] from the original on 6 May 2021. Retrieved 29 April 2018. <q>Kensington Palace said Prince George, three, and Princess Charlotte, two, would be seen 'on at least a couple of occasions over the course of the week'.</q></ref> == Tebego mo sechabeng == Diaparo le dilo tse dingwe tse George a di dirisang, gantsi di rekiwa phetelela kwa mabentleng.<ref>Thompson, Isobel (20 July 2017). [https://www.vogue.fr/fashion/fashion-inspiration/diaporama/prince-george-child-style-icon-royal-family/44755 "'The Prince George Effect': How a 4-year-old royal is changing the course of children's fashion"]. ''[[:en:Vogue_Paris|Vogue Paris]]''. [[:en:Condé_Nast|Condé Nast.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210711052815/https://www.vogue.fr/fashion/fashion-inspiration/diaporama/prince-george-child-style-icon-royal-family/44755 Archived] from the original on 11 July 2021. Retrieved 11 July 2021. <q>This was the first iteration of what has been dubbed the 'Prince George Effect', and since then, his continuous ability to deplete the shops of stock has become a national phenomenon.</q></ref> Batsadi ba gagwe ba ikanne go mo sireletsa jaaka a gola.<ref>Hunt, Peter (29 September 2016). [https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-37513719 "Prince George and Princess Charlotte in Canada play day".] ''BBC News''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210502225441/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-37513719 Archived] from the original on 2 May 2021. Retrieved 29 April 2018. <q>William and Kate are determined their children grow up in private and not in public.</q></ref> Ka Phalane ngwaga wa 2015, ntlo ya bogosi ya Keningston e ne ya tlhalosa gore ba batla gore babegadikgang ba mafatshefatshe ba emise go tsaya George dinepe tse di sa letlelelwang, bare jaanong go feteletse gore babegadikgang ba e go mmatla ba bo ba mo tsaya dinepe,ba bo ba baya leitlho lolwapa lwa gagwe le go romela bana go bitsa George.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-33927354 "Prince George 'being harassed by paparazzi'"]. ''BBC News''. 14 August 2015. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210401142140/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-33927354 Archived] from the original on 1 April 2021. Retrieved 14 August 2015. <q>Paparazzi harassment of Prince George has increased and photographers' tactics are becoming increasingly dangerous, Kensington Palace has said. / The palace has issued an appeal to world media not to publish unauthorised images of the two-year-old. / Some paparazzi had gone to 'extreme lengths' to take pictures and 'a line has been crossed', the palace said.</q></ref> == Metswedi == h9uf15ezyugei07a5soha1bz2axaz7j 0 9197 55391 51056 2026-09-23T10:40:51Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55391 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Lori Harvey|birth_place=Memphis, Tennessee, U.S.|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1997|1|13}}|occupation={{flatlist| *Model *entrepreneur *socialite}}|yearsactive=2015–present|relatives=Steve Harvey(adoptive father)}} '''Lori Harvey''' o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa 1997, Firikgong a le lesome le boraro. Ke mmabontle ebile ke mogwebi wa mo [[:en:United_States|America]]. Ke ngwana wa ga ''Marjorie Harvey'' (o neng a dirisa sefane sa Bridges pele) le [[:en:Steve_Harvey|Steve Harvey.]] O ne a golagan le ba [[:en:IMG_Models|IMG Models Management agency]] kwa United States le [[:en:Select_Model_Management|Select Model Management]] kwa [[:en:Europe|Europe]]. Ka ngwaga wa 2021, Harvey o ne a simolodisa kompone ya ditlolo tsa bomme ya ''SKN by LH''. O gatile mmabontle a emetse ba [[:en:Dolce_&_Gabbana|Dolce & Gabanna]], a simolola matsholo le ba [[:en:Burberry|Burberry]] le [[:en:Michael_Kors|Michael Kors.]] Mo nakong ya gompieno Harvey o bereka le ba IMG Models le WME. == Botshelo ja gagwe a santse a gola == Lori Harvey ke ngwana wa ga Marjorie Harvey (o ne a fana ka Bridges).<ref>[https://www.wmagazine.com/story/steve-harvey-stepdaughter-lori-harvey-front-row-chanel "Steve Harvey's Stepdaughter, Lori Harvey, Was the Only New Scion Front Row at Chanel"]. ''W Magazine''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref><ref>[https://www.distractify.com/p/marjorie-harvey-ex-husbands "Steve Harvey and His Wife Marjorie Have a Beautiful, Blended Family".] ''Distractify''. 2020-07-19. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> Sechaba ga se itse rragwe o o mo tshotseng.<ref>Judith (3 June 2022). [https://gistfest.com/who-is-biological-dad-lori-harvey/ "Who is Lori Harvey's dad? Is Steve Harvey her father?".] ''GistFest''. Retrieved 2023-02-12.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, mmagwe o ne a nyalwa ke rametlae [[:en:Steve_Harvey|Steve Harvey]], o neng a tloga a mo amogela e le ngwana wa gagwe.<ref>Todisco, Eric (2021-10-14). [https://hollywoodlife.com/feature/steve-harvey-kids-daughter-lori-4553806/ "Steve Harvey's Children: Meet His 7 Kids, Including Daughter Lori, Who's Dating Michael B. Jordan".] ''Hollywood Life''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref><ref>Victor, Ata Owaji (2021-11-29). [https://www.elle.com/uk/life-and-culture/culture/a35176488/michael-b-jordan-lori-harvey/ "Michael B. Jordan And Lori Harvey Cuddle Up In Rare Instagram Video".] ''ELLE''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> O tsholetswe kwa [[:en:Memphis,_Tennessee|Memphis kwa Tennessee]], a golela kwa [[:en:Atlanta|Atlanta]] kwa [[:en:Georgia_(U.S._state)|Georgia]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20231031092015/https://sportmob.com/en/article/934399-top-facts-about-lori-harvey-memphis-depay-s-gorgeous-ex-girlfriend "SportMob – Top Facts About Lori Harvey, Memphis Depay's Gorgeous Girlfriend".] ''SportMob''. 2021-01-12. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> Harvey o ne a gaisana mo mabelong a dipitse, ebile a na le keletso ya go gaisana kwa metshamekong ya di [[:en:Olympic_Games|Olympic.]]<ref>Brow, Jade Boren,Jason (2020-11-26). [https://hollywoodlife.com/feature/who-is-lori-harvey-steve-stepdaughter-3501641/ "Lori Harvey: 5 Things To Know About Diddy's Ex Who Was Spotted With Michael B. Jordan".] ''Hollywood Life''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> O ne a tloga a ya go tsena sekolo kwa [[:en:Florida|Florida]] pele ga a ikgogela morago ka ntlha ya kgobalo e e neng ya mo itsa go tswelela le tiro ya gagwe ya mabelo a dipitse.<ref>[https://www.inquisitr.com/ "Why Lori Harvey Ended Her Olympic Equestrian Dreams".] ''The Inquisitr''. 2022-01-07. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> == Tiro == Ka ngwaga wa 2015, o ne a simolola tiro ya bommabontle,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20221120180944/https://guestofaguest.com/los-angeles/nyc-society/inside-the-fabulous-life-of-lori-harvey "Model, Debutante, Hollywood Royalty: Inside The Fabulous Life Of Lori Harvey".] ''Guest of a Guest''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> a bereka le LA Model Management agency ya kwa United States le Select Model Management kwa Europe.<ref>Anshika (2021-09-19). [https://otakukart.com/lori-harvey-net-worth-a-look-at-her-modelling-career/ "Lori Harvey Net Worth: A Look At Her Modelling Career (r)".] ''OtakuKart''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> Harvey o gatile mmabontle a gatela Dolce & Gabbana ka diaparo tsa bone tsa selemo/dikgakologo ka ngwaga wa 2017;<ref>Rogo, Paula. [[-|"Lori Harvey, Marjorie Harvey's Daughter, Walks In Dolce & Gabbana Spring 2017 Show".]] ''www.essence.com''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> o tlhageletse mo matsholong a [[:en:Dolce_&_Gabbana|Dolce & Gabbana]],<ref>Klein, Alyssa Vingan. [https://fashionista.com/2017/06/dolce-gabbana-fall-2017-ad-campaign "Dolce & Gabbana Casts Corinne Foxx and Lori Harvey in Fall Ad Campaign".] ''Fashionista''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> [[:en:Michael_Kors|Michael Kors]],<ref>McNeila, Hanna (2021-11-09). [https://footwearnews.com/business/marketing/lori-harvey-models-little-black-dress-michael-kors-1203207812/ "Lori Harvey Goes Glam Modeling a Little Black Dress for Michael Kors Holiday Campaign".] ''Footwear News''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> [[:en:Valentino_(fashion_designer)|valentino]],<ref>[https://footwearnews.com/fashion/celebrity-style/lori-harvey-valentino-one-stud-bag-sandals-1203254916/ "Lori Harvey Models a $3,000 Bag for Valentino in a Printed Outfit and Lace-Up Sandals".] ''Footwear News''. 2022-03-04. Retrieved 2022-06-05.</ref> Pat McGrath's Beauty lab<ref>[https://www.vogue.com/article/lori-harvey-steve-harvey-daughter-pat-mcgrath-makeup-muse-mothership-iv-decadence-eye-palette "This Rising Beauty Star is Hollywood Royalty—and Pat McGrath's Latest Makeup Muse"]. ''Vogue''. 2018-01-17. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> le [[:en:Burberry|Burberry]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20231031092014/https://www.bet.com/photo-gallery/uwjejy/get-into-it-lori-harvey-sizzles-in-latest-instagram-post/dlpena "Hot Dayum!: Lori Harvey Sizzles In The Latest Burberry Ad Modeling Just A Trench Coat And Tiny Bag".] ''BET''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2019, Harvey o ne a tlhagelela e le lantlha mo setshwantshong sa mmino sa pina ya "Motivation" ya moopedi [[:en:Normani|Normani.]]<ref>[https://thegrio.com/2019/08/16/twitter-goes-crazy-over-normanis-new-motivation-video/ "Twitter goes crazy over Normani's new 'Motivation' video".] ''TheGrio''. 2019-08-16. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220109190416/https://www.magazinetalks.com/how-michael-b-jordans-girlfriend-lori-harvey-celebrated-his-movie-without-remorse/ "How Michael B. Jordan's Girlfriend, Lori Harvey, Celebrated His Movie 'Without Remorse'"]. ''Magazine Talks''. 2021-06-15. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> O tlhageletse gape mo dipating tsa The Zine<ref>[https://www.thezoereport.com/culture/lori-harvey-instagram-the-zine-beauty-trends "Lori Harvey's Favorite Beauty Trend Might Shock You".] ''The Zoe Report''. Retrieved 2022-06-05.</ref> le [[:en:Wonderland_(magazine)|Wonderland]]<ref>[https://www.wonderlandmagazine.com/2021/10/01/lori-harvey-autumn-21-coach/ "Wearing Coach, Model And Businesswoman Lori Harvey Covers The Autumn 21 Issue"]. ''Wonderland''. 2021-10-01. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> tsa [[:en:Instagram|Instagram.]] Ka ngwaga wa 2021, o ne a simolodisa leinakgwebo la ditlolo le bidiwa SKN by LH.<ref>[https://www.vogue.com/article/lori-harvey-skn-by-lh-skin-care-line-launch "Lori Harvey's New Skin-Care Line Is Inspired by Her Own Journey".] ''Vogue''. 2021-10-22. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> Ka ngwaga one oo, o ne a bereka le kompone ya ''Naked Wardrobe'' mo diaparong.<ref>Mercer, Emily (2021-01-21). [https://wwd.com/feature/lori-harvey-naked-wardrobe-collection-1234705361/ "Lori Harvey Teams Up With Naked Wardrobe"]. ''WWD''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> ka Motsheganong ngwaga wa 2022, Harvey o ne a tsenya setshwantsho s mothsikinyego mo [[:en:TikTok|TikTok]] a tlhalosa ka go latlhegelwa ke mmele ga gagwe, mo go neng go akaretsa go ja dijo tsa di khalori di le sekete le makgolo a mabedi letsatsi le letsatsi pele ga [[:en:Met_Gala|Met GALA]]. Setshwantsho seo see ne sa kgalwa ke ba botsogo ba ba neng ba tsibosa ka borai jo bo ka nnang teng fa motho a tsaya karolo mo go jeng jalo.<ref>Andrews, Taylor (2022-05-17). [https://www.popsugar.com/fitness/lori-harvey-1200-calorie-diet-weight-loss-48826425 "Lori Harvey Says She Was Eating 1,200 Calories Per Day to Lose Weight — Here's Why That's Not OK".] ''POPSUGAR Fitness''. Retrieved 2022-06-05.</ref><ref>Felbin, Sarah (2022-05-17). [https://www.womenshealthmag.com/weight-loss/a40010286/lori-harvey-1200-calorie-diet/ "No, Lori Harvey's 1,200-Calorie Diet Is Not A Safe Way To Lose Weight, Per Experts"]. ''Women's Health''. Retrieved 2022-06-05.</ref> Ka Seetebosigo 2022, [[Kim Kardashian]] o ne a kgalwa morago ga go bolela gore o bula kompone ya ditlo e bidiwa ''SKKN by Kim'', e badirisi ba [[:en:Twitter|Twitter]] ba neng ba dumela gore e tshwana thata le leina la kompone ya ga Harvey.<ref>Tannenbaum, Emily (4 June 2022). [https://www.glamour.com/story/kim-kardashian-backlash-skin-care-line-skkn-by-kim-lori-harvey-skn-by-lh "Kim Kardashian Is Already Facing Backlash Over Her Skin-Care Line, SKKN by Kim".] ''Glamour''. Retrieved 2022-06-05.</ref> Kgwedi e e latelang, go e ga begiwa gore Harvey o beile monwana konteraka le ba IMG Models le [[:en:Endeavor_(company)|William Morris Endavour]] (WME).<ref>[https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/exclusive-lori-harvey-signs-img-040133500.html "EXCLUSIVE: Lori Harvey Signs With IMG Models and WME".] ''www.yahoo.com''. Retrieved 2022-07-25.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2023, Harvey o ne a tlhagelela mo sethswantshong sa motshikinyego sa pina ya ga [[:en:Usher_(musician)|Usher]] ya "Glu".<ref>Abraham, Mya (15 March 2023). [https://www.vibe.com/music/music-news/usher-glu-release-date-video-1234742695/ "Usher Unveils "GLU" Release Date, Reveals Video Is His Directorial Debut".] ''Vibe''. Retrieved 20 March 2023.</ref><ref>Fekadu, Mesfin (22 February 2023). [https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/music-news/usher-las-vegas-residency-lori-harvey-video-super-bowl-1235331746/ "Usher on Moving to Vegas for Residency, Directing New Music Video (Starring Lori Harvey) and Work-Life Balance"]. ''The Hollywood Reporter''. Retrieved 20 March 2023.</ref> == Botshelo jwa Gagwe == O na le botsalano le [[:en:Jordyn_Woods|Jordyn Woods,]] [[:en:Normani|Normani]], [[:en:Winnie_Harlow|Winnie Harlow]] le [[:en:Ryan_Destiny|Ryan Destiny]] go ya ka [[:en:Essence_(magazine)|Essence]].<ref>Nandi Howard. [https://www.essence.com/fashion/lori-harvey-jordyn-woods-ryan-destiny-normani-jamacia/ "Here's How Lori Harvey And Friends Travel In Style".] ''www.essence.com''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> === Tsa marato === Ka Firikgong ngwaga wa 2016, o ne a simolola go ratana le motshameki wa kgwele ya dinao [[:en:Memphis_Depay|Memphis Depay.]] Ba ne ba beeletsa go nyalana ka Seetebosigo ngwaga wa 2017,<ref>Porter, Lauren. [https://www.essence.com/celebrity/black-celeb-couples/lori-harvey-fiance-memphis-depay-photos/ "15 Sweet Photos Of Steve Harvey's Stepdaughter Lori Harvey And Her Fiancé Memphis Depay".] ''www.essence.com''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> mme ba kgaogana ka 2018.<ref>[https://www.capitalxtra.com/features/facts/lori-harvey/memphis-depay/ "Was Lori Harvey engaged to Memphis Depay?".] ''Capital XTRA''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> Morago ga go kgaogana le Depay, Harvey o ne a amana ka bokhutshwane le moopedi wa R&B [[:en:Trey_Songz|Trey Songz]]. O ratane gape le [[:en:Future_(rapper)|Future]], bobedi jo bo tlhomamisitse go ratana ga bone ka Firikgong 2020, ba kgaogana ka Phatwe ngwaga one oo.<ref>Tinubu, Aramide (2021-05-20). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221120180939/https://www.cheatsheet.com/entertainment/future-shaded-lori-harvey-song.html/ "Future Just Shaded Lori Harvey in a Song"]. ''Showbiz Cheat Sheet''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> Future o ne a tloga a opela ka Harvey mo pineng ya [[:en:Maybach_Music_Group|Maybach]] ya ga [[:en:42_Dugg|42 Dugg]] ka mafoko a a reng "Magic City, I'm the owner. Tell Steve Harvey, I don't want her".<ref>Faines, Ayesha K. (May 23, 2021). [https://www.insider.com/lori-harvey-future-song-diss-42dugg-maybach-2021-5 "Opinion | Why Lori Harvey is hip-hop's fantasy and nightmare".] ''Insider''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> Ka Ngwanatsele ngwaga wa 2020, Harvey o ne a simolola go ratana le modiragatsi [[:en:Michael_B._Jordan|Michael B. Jordan]].<ref>[https://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/pictures/michael-b-jordan-lori-harveys-relationship-timeline/ "Why the Timing of Michael B. Jordan's Romance With Lori Harvey Was 'Right'".] ''Us Weekly''. 2021-12-01. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> Ka Morule 2021, Jordan o ne a tlhalosa gore o bone se lorato e leng sone mo puisanong le ba [[:en:The_Hollywood_Reporter|Hollywood Reporter.]] <ref>Sanchez, Chelsey (2021-12-02). [https://www.harpersbazaar.com/celebrity/latest/a38412058/michael-b-jordan-finally-found-love-lori-harvey/ "Michael B. Jordan Says He "Finally Found What Love Was"] by Dating Lori Harvey". ''Harper's BAZAAR''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref>Ka Seetebosigo 2022, go ne ga bigiwa fa bobedi bo bo kgaogane.<ref>VanHoose, Benjamin (June 4, 2022). [https://people.com/movies/michael-b-jordan-and-lori-harvey-breakup-exclusive/ "Michael B. Jordan, Lori Harvey Break Up After Over 1 Year: 'Both Completely Heartbroken,' Says Source".] ''people.com''. Retrieved 2022-06-04.</ref> Ka Firikgong 2023, Harvey o ne a tlhomamisa gore o ratana le modiragatsi [[:en:Damson_Idris|Damson Idris.]]<ref>Vasquez, Ingrid (January 13, 2023). [https://people.com/style/lori-harvey-goes-instagram-official-with-actor-boyfriend-damson-idris/ "Lori Harvey Confirms Relationship with Actor Damson Idris in a Steamy Instagram Post"]. ''People.com''. Retrieved January 14, 2023.</ref> === Dikgang tsa molao === Ka Phalane 2019, Harvey o ne a tshwarelwa go tshaba mo kotsing ya koloi, go ya ka sepodisi sa [[:en:Beverly_Hills,_California|Beverly Hills]].<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/lori-harvey-stepdaughter-steve-harvey-arrested-after-hit-run-accident-n1069571 "Lori Harvey, stepdaughter of Steve Harvey, arrested after hit-and-run accident".] ''NBC News''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> Ka Firikgong 2020, mmueledi wa [[:en:Los_Angeles_County_District_Attorney|Los Angeles County District Attorney]] o ne a tlhomamisetsa ''[[:en:People_(magazine)|People]]'' gore o tshwaretswe melato e le mebedi, wa ntlha ele go gana le go kganela lepodisi o mongwe e le wa go thula a bo a sia a senyeditse motho.<ref>Chung, Gabrielle (January 13, 202). [https://people.com/tv/lori-harvey-faces-year-in-prison-charged-with-misdemeanors-in-hit-and-run-case/ "Lori Harvey Faces a Year in Prison as She Is Charged with 2 Misdemeanors in Hit-and-Run Case".] ''people.com''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> Ka Morule 2020, go ne ga begiwa mo [[:en:TMZ|TMZ]] gore o amogetse molato mme a atlholelwa dingwaga tse pedi a beilwe leitho ke sepodisi.<ref>[https://www.complex.com/pop-culture/a/fnr-tigg/lori-harvey-2-years-probation-hit-and-run "Lori Harvey Reportedly Sentenced to 2 Years of Probation Following Hit-And-Run Incident"]. ''Complex''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> == Metswedi == fwqn8tvzlg4gi35ybqfhnpv5ed7fqqy 0 9199 55368 37222 2026-09-23T07:39:41Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55368 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Jordyn Woods|image=Jordyn Woods 2019.png|alt=<!-- descriptive text for use by speech synthesis (text-to-speech) software -->|caption=Woods in 2019|other names=Heir Jordyn<ref name="Falcone"/>|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1997|09|23}}|birth_place=Los Angeles, California, U.S.|occupation={{hlist|Socialite|model}}|years active=2016–present|television=Life of Kylie''<br>''The Masked Singer''}} '''Jordyn Woods''' o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e le malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 1997, ke mmabontle e bile e le motho o o itsegeng katsa kapari le mo mohameng wa itlosobudutu. O itsege ka seabe sa gagwe mo thulaganyong ya telebishini ya [[:en:Life_of_Kylie|Life of Kylie.]] == Botshelo jwa gagwe a le monnye == Jordyn Woods o tsholetswe kwa [[:en:Los_Angeles|Los Angeles]] ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e le masome mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 1997. Ke ngwana wa ga ''John Woods'' o e leng motegeniki wa tsa modumo wa telebishini<ref name=":0">Gibson, Francesca (September 23, 2020). [https://www.cosmopolitanme.com/celebs/things-you-probably-didnt-know-about-jordyn-woods "10 things you probably didn't know about Jordyn Woods"]. Cosmopolitan. Retrieved April 29, 2021.</ref><ref name=":1">Farley, Rebecca (February 21, 2019). [https://www.refinery29.com/en-us/2019/02/225012/what-happened-kylie-jenner-jordyn-woods-friendship-drama "An Explainer On Jordyn Woods (For Gwyneth Paltrow)"]. Refinery29. Retrieved April 29, 2021.</ref><ref name=":2">[https://www.tmz.com/2019/07/19/jordyn-woods-rick-ross-music-video-tribute-homage-late-father/ "Rick Ross Music Video Gig ... MY DAD WOULD BE SO PROUD!!!".] TMZ. July 19, 2019. Retrieved April 28, 2021.</ref>wa lotso lwa [[:en:Dominican_Republic|Dominican,]] le Elizabeth Woods o e leng mookamedi wa ditalente le matshwao.<ref name=":1" /><ref>[https://www.tmz.com/2021/04/25/jordyn-woods-gift-kris-jenner-chrissy-teigen-cleaning-product-line-no-olive-branch/ "JORDYN WOODS Gift From Kris Jenner's Line NOT A PEACE OFFERING".] TMZ. April 25, 2021. Retrieved April 28, 2021.</ref> O na le bokgaitsadie ba le babedi ebong John Jr. le Joshua, le monnawe wa mosetsana a bidiwa Jodie.<ref>Drysdale, Jennifer (April 11, 2021). [https://www.etonline.com/jordyn-woods-commissions-portrait-of-boyfriend-karl-anthony-towns-late-mother-163786 "Jordyn Woods Commissions Portrait of Boyfriend Karl-Anthony Towns' Late Mother".] Entertainment Tonight. Retrieved April 28, 2021.</ref><ref name=":3">McNamara, Brittney (August 22, 2019). [https://www.teenvogue.com/story/jordyn-woods-on-loss-her-journal-and-finding-herself "Jordyn Woods Opens Up About Loss, Her Journal, and How She's Finding Herself"]. Teen Vogue. Retrieved April 29, 2021.</ref>O godiseditswe kwa lefelong le go nnang teng batho basweu kwa [[:en:Oak_Park,_California|Oak Park]] kwa [[:en:California|California]], o gakologelwa e le mongwe wa basetsana ba bantsho ba le babedi fela kwa sekolong sa gagwe.<ref name=":4">Little, Liv (July 30, 2019). [https://www.cosmopolitan.com/uk/entertainment/a28349206/jordyn-woods-cosmopolitan-uk-september-cover/ "Jordyn Woods on trolls, Tristan Thompson and the truth"]. Cosmopolitan UK. Retrieved April 29, 2021.</ref><ref name=":0" /> Batsadi ba ga Woods ba ne ba tlhalana, ka jalo a nna a fuduga kgapetsakgapetsa, mme phelelong ba tsaya tshwetso ya go mo rutela mo lwapeng morago ga gore lolwapa lo fudugele kwa [[:en:Calabasas,_California|Calabass]] kwa California fa a le dingwaga di le lesome le boraro.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Rragwe Woods o ne a tlhokafala ka ntlha ya kankere fa Jordyn a le dingwaga di le lesome le borobabongwe.<ref name=":2" /><ref>Corriston, Michele (August 31, 2017). [https://people.com/tv/life-of-kylie-sneak-peek-kylie-jenner-cries-picturing-her-parents-deaths "Life of Kylie Sneak Peek: Kylie Jenner Cries Picturing Her Parents' Deaths".] People. Retrieved April 28, 2021.</ref><ref name=":4" /> Rragwe o berekile mo [[:en:The_Fresh_Prince_of_Bel-Air|The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air,]] lolwapa lwa bone lo gaufi thata le [[:en:Will_Smith|Will Smith]] le [[:en:Jada_Pinkett_Smith|Jada Pinkett Smith,]] ba a ba bonang e le malomaagwe le mmamalomaagwe.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":5">Frey, Kaitlyn (February 19, 2019). [https://people.com/style/jordyn-woods-good-american-ads-before-tristan-thompson-tryst/ "Jordyn Woods Modeled for Khloé Kardashian's Clothing Line Before Alleged Cheating Scandal".] People. Retrieved April 28, 2021.</ref><ref>[https://www.tmz.com/2019/04/13/jaden-smith-coachella-jordyn-woods-tesla-kardashians/ "JADEN SMITH WHIPS IT GOOD AT COACHELLA ... With Special Guest Jordyn Woods"]. TMZ. April 13, 2019. Retrieved April 28, 2021.</ref><ref name=":6">Dambrosio, Christina (February 22, 2019). [https://www.insider.com/who-is-jordyn-woods-kylie-jenner-best-friend-2019-2 "Everything you need to know about Jordyn Woods, Kylie Jenner's best friend who's at the center of the latest Kardashian family scandal".] Insider. Retrieved April 29, 2021.</ref> Woods o kile a dira ditiro tsa bommabontle ka nakwana fa a santse a le ngwana.<ref name=":7">Hou, Kathleen (July 11, 2016). [https://www.thecut.com/2016/07/jordyn-woods-plus-size-model-interview.html "Jordyn Woods on Loving Your Body and Instagram".] The Cut. Retrieved April 29, 2021.</ref> == Tiro == === Mmabontle === Woods o ne a bereka le [[:en:Wilhelmina_Models|Wilhelmina]] ka ngwaga wa 2015 morago ga gore agente e mmone mo [[:en:Instagram|Instagram]] ya mmotsa fa a na le kgatlhego mo go gateng mmabontle.<ref name=":6" /> <ref name=":7" />ka Motsheganong ngwaga wa 2019 Wood o ne a gata mmabontle kwa [[:en:Lane_Bryant|Lane Bryant]] le [[:en:Christian_Siriano|Chrsitian Siriano]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":6" /><ref name=":8">Lawrence, Shammara (December 31, 2018). [https://www.teenvogue.com/story/jordyn-woods-body-positivity-mental-health-secndnture "Jordyn Woods on Body Positivity, Mental Health, and SECNDNTURE".] Teen Vogue. Retrieved April 29, 2021.</ref>Woods o gatetse kompone ya diaparo ya ga [[:en:Khloé_Kardashian|Khloe Kardashian]] ya ''Good American'' go tswa ka ngwaga wa 2016 go tsena 2019.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":9">[https://people.com/tv/jordyn-woods-moving-out-kylie-jenner-house-tristan-thompson-cheating-allegations/ "Jordyn Woods Moving Out of Kylie Jenner's House Amid Tristan Thompson Cheating Allegations: Source".] ''PEOPLE.com''. Retrieved February 21, 2019.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2017, Woods o ne a gata mo moletlong wa beke wa [[:en:New_York_Fashion_Week|New York Fashion Week]].<ref name=":6" /><ref>[https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/transgender-plus-size-models-made-fashions-diverse-runway-ever-175856164.html "Transgender and plus-size models make this fashion's most diverse runway ever"]. Yahoo! News. September 9, 2017. Retrieved April 29, 2021.</ref> O tlhageletse mo makasineng wa [[:en:Cosmopolitan_(magazine)|Cosmopolitan UK]] ka Lwetse ngwaga wa 2019. === Telebishini === Woods o tlhageletse mo dikgaolong tsotlhe tsa thulaganyo ya telebishini ya Life of Kylie, a tlhagelela gape mo dingweng tsa [[:en:Keeping_Up_with_the_Kardashians|Keeping up With The Kardashians.]] <ref>Otterson, Joe (April 10, 2017). [https://variety.com/2017/tv/news/kylie-jenner-spinoff-life-of-kylie-e-1202027408/ "Kylie Jenner Spinoff Series 'Life of Kylie' Gets Greenlight at E!".] Variety. Retrieved April 29, 2021.</ref>Woods e ne e le moeng o o itsegeng kwa [[:en:Hip_Hop_Squares|Hip Hop Squares]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230419060905/https://www.abc4.com/community/gmu-sponsored/vh1s-hip-hop-squares-kicks-off-a-third-season/ "VH1's 'Hip Hop Squares' kicks off a third season".] ABC News. August 16, 2019. Retrieved April 29, 2021.</ref><ref>Trevedi, Sachin (September 19, 2019). [https://www.ibtimes.com/jordyn-woods-would-date-man-if-he-were-last-person-earth-2829311 "Jordyn Woods Would Date This Man If He Were Last Person On Earth"]. ''International Business Times''. Retrieved April 29, 2021.</ref> Woods o ne a gaisana mo kgaolong ya boraro ya [[:en:The_Masked_Singer_(American_TV_series)|The Masked Singer]] e le ''Kangaroo.''<ref>Falcone, Dana Rose (April 9, 2020). [https://people.com/tv/jordyn-woods-says-she-plans-to-release-an-album-after-her-time-as-kangaroo-on-the-masked-singer/ "Jordyn Woods Says She Plans to Release an Album After Her Time as Kangaroo on ''The Masked Singer''".] ''People''. Retrieved April 28, 2021.</ref><ref>Guglielmi, Jodie (February 3, 2020). [https://people.com/tv/the-masked-singer-fans-think-jordyn-woods-kangaroo/ "''The Masked Singer'' Fans Think Jordyn Woods Is the Kangaroo: 'I'll Put Money on It'".] ''People''. Retrieved April 29, 2021.</ref> Woods o simolotse go diragatsa mo thulaganyong ya [[:en:Grown-ish|grown-ish]] a tshameka Dee. Moanelwa o a neng a mo tshameka o ne a nna mo borokong jwa sekolo a akanya go ikgapela botshelo, mokaedi o ne a leka go tsibosa batho ka malwetsi a tlhaloganyo mo bathong bantsho kwa dikolong<ref>Mizoguchi, Karen (July 24, 2019). [https://people.com/tv/jordyn-woods-how-she-stays-mentally-positive-makes-tv-debut-grown-ish/ "Jordyn Woods Reveals How She Stays Mentally 'Positive' as She Makes Her TV Debut on grown-ish".] People. Retrieved April 29, 2021.</ref><ref name=":3" />. O ne a tlhagelela gape mo filiming ya [[:en:BET|BET]] ya film ''Sacrifice'',<ref name=":10">Williams, Lexi (October 22, 2020). [https://www.elitedaily.com/p/jordyn-woods-new-movie-trigger-made-her-nervous-but-not-because-of-haters-exclusive-39938823 "Jordyn Woods' New Movie 'Trigger' Made Her "Nervous,"] But Not Because Of Haters — EXCLUSIVE". Elite Daily. Retrieved April 29, 2021.</ref> a nna moanelwa mogolo mo filiming ya BET ya ''Trigger'' e le ''Vanessa Mass.''<ref name=":10" /><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20231031105303/https://www.bet.com/article/iwi02v/watch-trailer-for-trigger-starring-jordyn-woods "Watch Trailer For 'Trigger' Starring Jordyn Woods, Jeremy Meeks And Wesley Johnson"]. BET. October 20, 2020. Retrieved April 29, 2021.</ref> === Dikgwebo === Ka Phatwe ngwaga wa 2018, Woods o ne a simolola kompone ya gagwe ya diaparo tsa mebele yotlhe ya ''SECNDNTURE.''<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":5" /><ref>Frey, Kaitlyn (August 30, 2018). [https://people.com/style/jordyn-woods-launches-size-inclusive-activewear/ "Jordyn Woods Launches Size-Inclusive Activewear Line and Gets Kylie Jenner's Stamp of Approval"]. People. Retrieved April 28, 2021.</ref><ref name=":3" /> Ka Lwetse 2018, [[:en:Kylie_Cosmetics|Kylie Cosmetics]] e ne ya simolola ditlolo tse di tlhakanetsweng ke [[:en:Kylie_Jenner|Kylie]] le Jordyn.<ref>Robin, Marci (September 15, 2018). [https://www.allure.com/story/kylie-cosmetics-kylie-jordyn-makeup-collection-reveal-products "The Highly Anticipated Kylie Cosmetics x Jordyn Woods Makeup Collection Is Finally Here".] ''Allure''. Retrieved October 12, 2020.</ref><ref name=":1" />Ka Seetebosigo 2019, Woods o ne a simolola kgwebo ya kapari le ba [[:en:Boohoo.com|Boohoo.com.]]<ref name=":3" /><ref>[https://www.tmz.com/2019/06/26/jordyn-woods-launch-new-clothing-line-boohoo-kardashians-kuwtk-cheating/ "JORDYN WOODS NEW CLOTHING LINE SANS KARDASHIANS ... No 'BooHoo' Act Here".] TMZ. June 26, 2019. Retrieved April 28, 2021.</ref> Ka Phukwi 2019, Woods o tlhageletse mo setshantshong sa motshikinyego sa pina ya ga [[:en:Rick_Ross|Rick Ross]].<ref name=":2" /><ref>[https://www.tmz.com/2019/07/18/jordyn-woods-rick-ross-music-video-kylie-jenner-kardashians/ "JORDYN WOODS I'M A 'BOSS' ... Check Me Out in Rick Ross' Music Vid".] TMZ. July 18, 2019. Retrieved April 28, 2021.</ref> Ka Phalane 2019 a simolola thekiso ya meriri le ba Easilocks. Ka Phalane 2020, Woods o ne a bereka le [[:en:PrettyLittleThing|PrettyLittleThing]] ba dira diaparo tsa kiletso mesepele.<ref>[https://www.eonline.com/news/1199167/make-headlines-with-jordyn-woods-new-prettylittlething-collab "Make Headlines With Jordyn Woods' New PrettyLittleThing Collab".] ''E Online''. November 2020.</ref><ref>[https://www.essence.com/fashion/jordyn-woods-talks-her-latest-prettylittlething-collab/ "Jordyn Woods Talks Her Latest PrettyLittleThing Collab".] ''Essence''. November 2020.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2021, Woods o ne a simolola maranyane a go itekanela e bidiwa ''FRSTPLACE.'' O dirile maranyane a go thusa batho ba aba itseng go ipaya kwa pele, ba tokafatse botsogo jwa bone jwa tlhaloganyo le mmele. Maranyane a a fa batho mananeo a a dirilweng ke baitseanape le mekgwa ya go apaya dijo ke baapei ba tlhwatlhwa. == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Woods o abelane le sechaba ka dikgwetlho tse a nnileng le tsone fa go tla ka fa a itebang ka teng le seabe sa go golela mo [[:en:Hollywood,_Los_Angeles|Hollywood.]]<ref name=":7" /><ref name=":8" /><ref>Slater, Georgia (January 25, 2020). [https://people.com/style/jordyn-woods-mom-claps-back-butt-lift-accusations/ "Jordyn Woods' Mom Claps Back at Trolls Accusing Her Daughter of Getting a Butt Lift".] People. Retrieved April 29, 2021.</ref> Woods o ne a na le botsalano ebile a nnile le Kylie Jenner go fitlhelela ka Tlhakole 2019, o ne a thusa Jenner go tlhokomela ngwana wa gagwe ''[[:en:Kylie_Jenner#Personal_life|Stormi Webster.]]'' <ref name=":9" /><ref name=":6" />Bobedi bo ne ba boelana ka Phukwi 2023. Ka Motsheganong 2020, Woods o ne a simolola go ratana le motshameki wa basketball [[:en:Karl-Anthony_Towns|Karl Anthony Towns]].<ref>[https://www.tmz.com/2021/03/26/jordyn-woods-not-engaged-karl-anthony-towns-ring/ "JORDYN WOODS NOT ENGAGED ... That Ring's No Thing!!!".] TMZ. March 26, 2021. Retrieved April 28, 2021.</ref><ref>Parker, Ashley Joy (April 27, 2021). [https://okmagazine.com/deals/jaden-smith-jordyn-woods-catch-la-misbhv-style-shop/ "Jordyn Woods Wears Black & White Misbhv Outfit While Grabbing Dinner At Catch LA With Pal Jaden Smith — Get The Look".] OK! Magazine. Retrieved April 28, 2021.</ref> O firisitse ntlo kwa [[:en:Los_Angeles|Los Angeles.]]<ref name=":3" /> == Metswedi == b88xb8mtcegi4ju6pi0sco8zk5e4ug9 0 9279 55304 54568 2026-09-22T20:12:58Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 55304 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Mala Mogodu02.jpg|thumb|Mogodu]] ===  '''Mogodu''' === [[Setshwantsho:Mala Mogodu01.jpg|thumb|Mala Mogodu]] Mogodu, o o itsegeng e le tripe, ke sejo sa setso se se jewang mo dikarolong di le dintsi tsa [[Aforika Borwa]]. O dirilwe go tswa mo maleng a dikgomo mme e tumile thata mo dinageng tse di jaaka [[Aforika Borwa]], [[Lesotho]], Botswana le [[Zimbabwe]]. Le fa ka dinako tse dingwe mogodu o tsewa e le sejo fela sa setso, ga se dijo fela.<ref>https://www.jacarandafm.com/shows/breakfast/joburg-ranked-among-worlds-best-cities-for-street-food/</ref> E amana le setso sa Seaforika, lelapa, setšhaba, ngwao le botlhokwa jwa go dirisa didiriswa tse di leng teng ka botlhale. Mala (ka [[Setswana]]/Sotho) ke karolo e e kwa teng, gantsi e le ya phologolo e e amusang jaaka kgomo kgotsa nku.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2012-03-01|title=Welcome to DISA|url=http://www.disa.ukzn.ac.za:8080/DC/IzApr83.1684.8071.000.000.Apr1983.4/IzApr83.1684.8071.000.000.Apr1983.4.pdf|access-date=2021-09-18}}</ref> ==== Mogodu ke eng ==== Mo ditšhabeng di le dintsi tsa mo Aforika, dikgomo di nnile le seabe se se botlhokwa mo hisitoring mo loagong le mo ikonoming. Dikgomo di ka supa khumo, maemo le boswa jwa lelapa, mme gape di botlhokwa mo meletlong le dikokoanong tsa setso.<ref>https://www.news24.com/life/food/recipes/tripe-and-prejudice-tripe-trotters-offal-mogodu-and-everything-in-between-20250919-0865</ref> Fa phologolo e bolawa, go dirisiwa dikarolo tse di farologaneng tsa yone go na le gore dijo tse di botlhokwa di senngwe. Mogodu ke sekai sa mokgwa ono. Mpa ya yone e phepafadiwa ka kelotlhoko, e bo e apewa, e leng se se bontshang gore go dirisiwa mokgwa wa setso wa go dirisa phologolo yotlhe.<ref>https://www.timeout.com/johannesburg/news/mogodu-monday-deals-around-johannesburg-061125</ref> ==== Go baakanya mogodu ==== Go baakanyetsa mogodu go ka tsaya nako e ntsi. Go tshwanetse ga phepafadiwa mateng pele ga a apewa. Gantsi e bedisiwa ka diura di le mmalwa go fitlha e nna boleta. Malapa a a farologaneng le batho ba ba farologaneng ba na le mekgwa ya bone ya go e apaya. Batho bangwe ba e apaya ka dieie, ditamati, konofolo le ditswaiso, fa ba bangwe bone ba rata go e apaya ka tsela e e motlhofo e e dirang gore nama e nne le tatso ya tlholego. Mogodu gantsi e jewa le pap, dumplings, merogo kgotsa dijo tse dingwe tsa setso.<ref>https://iol.co.za/lifestyle/food-and-restaurants/2022-01-23-three-places-to-visit-on-mondays-for-tasty-mogodu/</ref> Gantsi dijo mo ditšhabeng tsa [[Aforika]] di amana thata le dikamano tsa batho. Mogodu gantsi o itumelelwa ka nako ya dijo tsa lelapa, mafelo a beke, meletlo le dikokoano. Go apaya dijo tseno go ka dira gore maloko a lelapa a atamalane, mme bana ba ba godileng ba ka ruta bana ba bone go apaya. Ka tsela eno, diresepe di nna mofuta wa kitso ya setso. Mmemogolo kana motsadi yo o rutang ngwana go phepafatsa le go apaya mogodu ga a ba rute fela go apaya dijo mme gape o thusa go boloka ngwao ya setso.<ref>https://www.foodformzansi.co.za/mogodu-how-to-get-this-traditional-icon-squeaky-clean/</ref> ==== Dikotla tsa mogodu ==== Mogodu gape e bontsha botlhokwa jwa go nna le nonofo le go nna le bokgoni mo dingwaong tsa dijo tsa Seaforika. Go ralala hisetori, batho ba ne ba simolola go apaya dikarolo tse di farologaneng tsa diphologolo ka gonne dijo di ne di tshwanetse go dirisiwa ka kelotlhoko. Dijo tse di ka nnang tsa tsewa di sa eletsege mo ditšhabeng dingwe tsa segompieno di ka nna dijo tse di monate le tse di nang le bokao fa di apewa go dirisiwa kitso ya setso.<ref>https://www.news24.com/truelove/food/mogodu-and-7-other-south-african-cuisines-to-try-this-heritage-day-20240923</ref> Ka jalo, Mogodu e bontsha bokgoni jwa baagi ba Aforika jwa go fetola dijo tse di leng teng go di dira dijo tse di otlang. Gompieno, mogodu o sa ntse o ratiwa mo metseselegaeng le mo ditoropong. E ka fitlhelwa mo magaeng, mo diresetšhurenteng tsa setso le mo mafelong a go rekisiwang dijo mo go one. Dikokomana tse dinnye di ka nna tsa e apaya mmogo le dijo tsa segompieno, e leng se se bontshang gore dijo tsa Seafrika di ka fetoga mme di sa ntse di amana le dilo tsa nako e e fetileng.<ref>https://www.snl24.com/dailysun/news/why-mogodu-is-good-for-you-20240921/</ref> Fa re konela, mogodu ga se dijo fela tse di apewang mo poleiting. E emetse kitso ya Seaforika, botswerere, kamogelo le boitshupo jwa setso. Go baakanyediwa dijo tseno go kopanya dikokomana, fa go nna gone ga tsone mo dikokoanong tsa lelapa le tsa setšhaba go bontsha seabe sa botlhokwa se dijo di nang le sone mo go kopanyeng batho. Mogodu e sala e le karolo e e botlhokwa ya dijo tsa kwa borwa jwa [[Aforika]] ka gonne e na le boleng jwa dikotla le bokao jwa setso.<ref>https://www.sowetan.co.za/news/2017-10-24-heat-and-eat-mogodu-to-hit-the-shelves-at-your-supermarket/</ref> == Bona gape == * Lenaane la dikgapetla == Ditshupiso == {{Reflist}}  [[Category: Mala Mogodu]] [[Category: Tripe]] nhzrwlzkd3i6kr8vscl49ua0eej44gr 0 9307 55394 44631 2026-09-23T10:47:08Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55394 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lucien Josiah''' ke motabogi wa motswana yo o tshotsweng ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e le lesome le borataro ngwaga wa 1958. O ne a {{Infobox sportsperson|birth_date={{birth date and age|1958|7|16|df=yes}}|nationality=Botswana|name=Lucien Josiah|event=100 metres<br>200 metres|sport=Sprinting}} gaisana mo mabelong a borre a di kgele tse [[makgolo a mabedi]] le [[lekgolo]] ka selemo sa 1980 mo dikgaisanong tsa di Olympics.<ref>Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; [[:en:Bill_Mallon|Mallon, Bill;]] et al. [[:en:Sports_Reference|"Lucien Josiah Olympic Results".]] ''Olympics at [https://web.archive.org/web/20200418011302/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/jo/lucien-josiah-1.html Sports]-Reference.com''. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 3 July 2017.</ref> == Metswedi == <references /> == Tse di kwa ntle == * [https://worldathletics.org/athletes/-/14550294 Lucien Josiah] kwa [https://worldathletics.org/athletes/-/14550294 World Athletics] * [https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/65468 Lucien Josiah] kwa [https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/65468 Olympedia] 2mt50323xphiul33ogtqzlfdh1kbdmo 0 9382 55403 35537 2026-09-23T11:53:13Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55403 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mavis Ogun''' (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e le malatsi a le masome mabedi le bone ka ngwaga wa Sekete le makgolo a roba bongwe le masome a supa le metso e meraro (24 August 1973). E ne e le motshameka morago mo setlhopheng sa bomme sa kgwele ya dinao sa lefatshe la Nigeria ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigeria_women%27s_national_football_team] ) O ne a nna mongwe wa batshameki ba ba neng ba emetse lefatshe la gagabo ka ngwaga wa Sekete le makgolo a roba bongwe le masome a roba bongwe le motso (1991) ka dikgaisano tsa kgwele ya bomme ya lefatshe ([[:en:1991_FIFA_Women's_World_Cup|1991 FIFA Women's World Cup]] ), ya ngwaga wa Sekete le makgolo a roba bongwe le masome a roba bongwe le metso e metlhano ( [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/1995_FIFA_Women%27s_World_Cup 1995 FIFA Women's World Cup] ) le ya Sekete le makgolo a roba bongwe le masome a roba bongwe le metso e roba bongwe ( [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/1999_FIFA_Women%27s_World_Cup 1999 FIFA Women's World Cup] ). == Metswedi == #[https://web.archive.org/web/20150702171949/http://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/archive/usa1999/teams/team=1882893/index.html http://"FIFA Women's World Cup USA 1999-Nigeria"]. ''FIFA Women's World Cup United States 1999. [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/FIFA FIFA]. 1999. E bolokilwe go tsa kwa moding ( [https://web.archive.org/web/20170510150246/http://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/archive/usa1999/teams/team=1882893/index.html original] ). E tserwe ka Lwetse a le malatsi a masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa Dikete tse pedi le bosupa.'' 4ue6yk2khvatf17jlzenrrilq2smznu 0 9390 55322 35678 2026-09-22T23:55:51Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55322 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography|name=Akudo Sabi|birth_date=Kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e le lesome le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 1986|birth_place=Nigeria|position=Motshamiki morago wa kgwele ya dinao|clubs1=Bayelsa Queens|nationalteam2=Kgwele ya dinao ya bomme ya lefatshe la Nigeria}} '''Akudo Sabi''' (O tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e le lesome le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 1986)<ref name=":0">[https://olympics.com/en/athletes/akudo-sabi "Akudo Sabi"].IOC. E tserwe ka Hirikgong a le masome a mabedi le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2017.</ref>. Ke motshamiki morago wa kgwele ya dinao ya bo mme kwa lefatshing la Nigeria. E ne e le mongwe wa ba batsameki ba ba tlhophilweng go emela lefatshe la Nigeria ko dikgaisanong tsa mafatshe tsa paka ya selemo tsa diolemphiki ka ngwaga wa 2004<ref name=":0" /><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150907181945/http://www.fifa.com/tournaments/archive/womensolympic/athens2004/teams/team=1882893/index.html "Olympic Women's Football Tournaments Athens 2004 – Squad List: Nigeria (NGR)"]. FIFA. E mo mabeolong a yone [https://www.fifa.com/fifaplus/en/tournaments a boammaruri] go simolola ka kgwedi ya Firikgong a le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2013. E tserwe ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola ga bedi ka ngwaga wa 2015.</ref>. O ne a tlhophiwa go nna mongwe wa bo mme ba setlhopha sa batsameki ba ba ko tlase ga dingwaga tse di lesome le borobabongwe se se bitswang FIFA U-19 Women's World Champions All Star team ka ngwaga wa 2004.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160820203720/http://www.canadasoccer.com/fifa-u-19-women-s-world-championship-all-star-team-announced-p144954 "FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship All-Star Team announced"]. Canada Soccer. E tserwe ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e thole ga ngwe ka ngwaga wa 2017.</ref> E ne e le motshamiki mo mokgathong wa Bayelsa Queens.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200418085404/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/sa/akudo-sabi-1.html "Akudo Sabi"].Sports-Reference. E mo mabeolong a yone a boammaruri go simolola ka kgwedi ya Moranang e le lesome le boferabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2020. E tserwe ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola ga ngwe ka ngwaga wa 2017.</ref> == Bona gape == [./Https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigeria_at_the_2004_Summer_Olympics Nigeria at the 2004 Summer Olympics] == Metswedi == 5hfeoyin669hizlk61y05plwrigif85 0 9396 55401 51069 2026-09-23T11:48:34Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55401 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography|name=Maureen Mmadu|full_name=Maureen Nkeiruka Mmadu|position=[[Midfielder]]|clubs1=Ado Babes|clubs2=Pelican Queens|clubs3=Jegede Babes|clubs4=[[IL Sandviken]]|clubs5=[[Klepp IL]]|years6=2006|clubs6=[[QBIK]]|years7=2007|clubs7=[[Linköpings FC]]|years8=2008|clubs8=[[Amazon Grimstad]]|years9=2010|clubs9=[[Kolbotn IL]]|years10=2011–2013|clubs10=[[Avaldsnes IL]]|nationalteam1=[[Nigeria women's national football team|Nigeria]]|nationalcaps1=101|nationalyears1=1993–2011|birth_date={{Birth date and age|df=yes|1975|5|7}}|birth_place=[[Onitsha]], Nigeria|height={{convert|1.78|m|ftin|abbr=on}}}} '''Mme Maureen Nkeiruka Mmadu''' o tshotswe ka Motsheganong a le malatsi a supa mo ngwageng wa Sekete le makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa a supa le botlhano (born 7 May 1975), kwa [[:en:Onitsha|Onitsha]], kwa lefatsheng la Nigeria. Ke Mokatisi wa kgwele ya dinao ko Nigeria. O tshamekile ele mo magare a lebala ka nako fa ele motshameki wa bolo. Ka nako fa ele motshameki, o ne a tshamekela [[:en:Avaldsnes_IL|Avaldsnes IL]], setlhopha se se ko leroleng ko lefatsheng la [[:en:Norway|Norway]]. O tshameketse mo liking ya [[:en:Toppserien|Toppserien]], le ditlhopha tse di mo liking ya [[:en:Damallsvenskan|Damallsvenskan]] ko lefatsheng la Sweden ebong [[:en:Linköping_FC|Linköpings FC]] le [[:en:QBIK|QBIK]]. == Botshelo le Pereko == Mme Maureen Nkeiruka Mmadu o kile a tshamekela [[:en:Klepp_IL|Klepp_IL]], setlhopha se se mo liking ya [[:en:Toppserien|Toppserien]]<ref>http://www.nrk.no/nyheter/distrikt/rogaland/sport_nrk_rogaland/1.247389</ref>. Mmadu o tshameketse le setlhopha sa [[:en:Kolbotn_Fotball|Kolbotn]], kwa teropo kgolo ya Norway, ebong [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]]. Fa a tshamekela setlhopho sa Kolbotn, mo ngwageng wa 2010 o ne thusa go bona maemo a boraro mo liking ya [[:en:Toppserien|Toppserien]]. O ne a tshamekela le setlhopha sa [[:en:Avaldsnes_IL|Avaldness, IL]] mo tournamenteng ko [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]] ka di 5 Tlhakole 2012<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.fotball.no/Landslag_og_toppfotball/Toppfotball/1Divisjon_kvinner/2012/Lyn-vs-Avaldsnes-i-finale1/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2012-08-02 |archive-date=2012-08-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120803195339/http://www.fotball.no/Landslag_og_toppfotball/Toppfotball/1Divisjon_kvinner/2012/Lyn-vs-Avaldsnes-i-finale1/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. == Pereko ya ko Mafatsheng == Mme Maureen Nkeiruka Mmadu ke ke motshameki yo o tlotlegang wa setlhopha sa Setšhaba sa Nigeria, o tshameketse [[:en:Nigeria_women's_national_football_team|Nigeria]] makgetho a a fetang lekgolo (more than 100)<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20121108152222/http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/fifafacts/stats-centclub/52/00/60/womenscenturyclub.pdf</ref>, go akaretsa [[:en:FIFA_Women's_World_Cup|FIFA Women's World Cup]]<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20150922020934/http://www.fifa.com/fifa-tournaments/players-coaches/people=503/index.html</ref> le di Olympic ngwageng ya [[:en:2000_Summer_Olympics|2000]] le [[:en:2004_Summer_Olympics|2004]]<ref>http://www.olympedia.org/athletes/90923</ref>. Mme dipego tse di tswang ko Nigeria Football Federation di bua fa a tshameketse setlhopha sa basadi sa Nigeria, sa kgwele ya dinao makgetho a le masome a matlhano le metso e e mebedi (52)<ref>https://sportsration.com/maureen-mmadu-played-52-official-games-for-falcons-not-101-nff/</ref>. == Metswedi == # [http://www.nrk.no/nyheter/distrikt/rogaland/sport_nrk_rogaland/1.247389 Ikidi og Mmadu har riktige lønnsbet] (in Norweigian), NRK. 13 October 2005. # [http://www.supersport.com/football/nigeria/news/101112/I_played_for_Nigeria_while_my_mum_died I played for Nigeria while my mum died] # [https://web.archive.org/web/20120803195339/http://www.fotball.no/Landslag_og_toppfotball/Toppfotball/1Divisjon_kvinner/2012/Lyn-vs-Avaldsnes-i-finale1/ Lyn-Avaldsness Final 5 February 2012] # [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304062102/http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/fifafacts/stats-centclub/52/00/60/womenscenturyclub.pdf FIFA Women's Century Club] (PDF). [[:en:FIFA|FIFA.]] 25 August 2009. # [https://web.archive.org/web/20150922020934/http://www.fifa.com/fifa-tournaments/players-coaches/people=503/index.html Maureen Mmadu.] FIFA competition record (archived). # [https://web.archive.org/web/20200418030201/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/mm/maureen-mmadu-1.html Maureen Mmadu Biography and Statistics]. Sports Reference. Archived from [http://www.olympedia.org/athletes/90923 the original] on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 14 October 2009. # [https://sportsration.com/maureen-mmadu-played-52-official-games-for-falcons-not-101-nff/ Maureen Mmadu played 52 official games for Falcons not 101 – NFF]. ''SportsRation''. 31 October 2022. Retrieved 31 October 2022. 42frctx5l6cg942x91do1esfel9uij9 0 9418 55327 53573 2026-09-23T01:01:57Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55327 wikitext text/x-wiki [https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/141107 Bayapo Ndori] ke motabogi wa lefatshe la [[Botswana]] o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe (1999) ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi ale masome a mabedi<ref>"[https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/141107&#x20;&#x22;Bayapo&#x20;Ndori&#x22; Bayapo Ndori"]. ''Olympedia''. Retrieved 7 August 2021.</ref>".O ne a gaisanya mo dikgaisanyong tsa [[:en:2020_Summer_Olympicssummer olympics|Summer Olympics]] tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi (2020) mo mabelong a borre ba le bane a neelano a motabogi mongwe le mongwe a tabogang makgolo ale mane a di mmithara [[:en:Athletics_at_the_2020_Summer_Olympics_–_Men's_4_×_400_metres_relay4*400 relays|4*400m relays]] ko baneng ba ikgapela seetsele sa bronze.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210806131805/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/athletics/result-men-s-4-x-400m-relay-rnd1-000100-.htm "Athletics: Men's 4 x 400m Relay Results". ''Tokyo 2020''. Archived from the original] on 6 August 2021. Retrieved 7 August 2021.</ref> == METSWEDI == bag32jghghbhgp2eck2ym0jshk1hzxh 0 9430 55334 55145 2026-09-23T03:03:11Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55334 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Cassper Nyovest|birthname=Refiloe Maele Phoolo|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=y|1990|12|16}}|birth_place=[[Mahikeng]], [[Bokone Bophirima]], [[Aforika Borwa]]|education=Kerata ya bosome (10)|occupation={{Plainlist| *Morepa *Mokwala-dipina *motlhaa-direkoto *Radikgwebo *Ramabole }}|partner=Pulane Mojaki <ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.news24.com/life/arts-and-entertainment/celebrities/nyovests-new-chapter-cassper-gives-rare-glimpse-into-his-life-as-a-proudly-married-man-20240503 | title=Nyovest's new chapter: Cassper gives rare glimpse into his life as a 'proudly married' man }}</ref>|website={{URL|casspernyovest.com}}|module={{infobox musical artist | embed = yes | genre = {{hlist|[[Hip hop music|Hip hop]]|[[motswako]]|[[kwaito]]|[[amapiano]]}} | origin = [[Mahikeng, North-West Province]] | instrument = {{hlist|Vocals | [[Sampler (musical instrument)|sampler]] | [[drum machine]]}} | label = {{hlist|Impact Sounds (former) | alias = Abuti Fill Up |[[Family Tree Records]] | [[Def Jam Africa]] | [[Universal Music Group]]}} | associated_acts = {{flatlist| *[[Anatii]] *[[Gemini Major]] *Tshego *[[Nadia Nakai]] *[[Riky Rick]] *DJ Sumbody *[[Hip Hop Pantsula|HHP]] *[[Davido]] *[[Nasty C]] *[[Kwesta]] }}}}|module2={{infobox boxer | embed = yes | tsotlhe = 3 | phenyo = 2 | kgaa-tshoo = 0 | tatlhegelos = 1 | palelano = 0 }}|image=[[File:Cassper Nyovest Back to the City 2014.jpg|thumb|Cassper nyovest]]}} '''Refiloe Maele Phoolo''' o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa 1990, kgwedi ya Ngwanetsele a fitlha malsti a le lesome le borataro, o tumile ka leina la '''Casper Nyovest'''. ke rre wa seopedi go tswa lefatsheng la Afrika Borwa. Fa godimo ga moo ke mokwadi wa dipina, rre wa kgwebo., mogatise wa mmino, le motshameki wa mabole.<ref>"Trace Cassper Nyovest – Sports news, hip-hop, rnb, tropical and african music". Trace TV. Archived from the original on 1 April 2014. Retrieved 7 June 2014.</ref> Casper Nyovest o tsholetswe, a bo a golela kwa [[:en:North_West_(South_African_province)|bokoni bophirima]] jwa motse wa [[:en:Mahikeng|Mahikeng]], ke mongwe wa badiragatsi ba ba atlegileng kwa Afrika Borwa.<ref>"Cassper Nyovest biography". ''Cut FM''.</ref> K a ngwaga wa 2014, o ne a itshimololela letshwao la gagwe la kgatiso ebong [[:en:Family_Tree_Records|Family Tree Records]].<ref>[http://theplugmag.com/the-rise-of-family-tree-records/ "The Rise of Family Tree Records"]. ''The Plug Mag''. 10 April 2017.</ref> Nyovest one a tuma morago fa go ntsha kgobokanyo ya dipina ya gagwe ya ntlha, [[:en:Tsholofelo|''Tsholofelo'']] (2014). kgobokanyo e ya dipina, k yone ya go tlhagisa dipina tsa gagwe tse di tumileng "[[:en:Gusheshe|Gusheshe]]" le "Doc Shebeleza"<ref>"Album Review: Cassper Nyovest – Tsholofelo". ''Platform''. Archived from the original on 27 March 2019. Retrieved 27 March 2019.</ref> Ka katlego ya gagwe ya go rekisa dipampiri tsa teseletso ya go tsena tsa pontsho ya mmino ya gagwe, ''Fill Up the Dome'' ( ngwaga wa 2015) e e neng e tshwaretswe kwa [[:en:Ticketpro_Dome|Ticketpro Dome]] kwa [[:en:Johannesburg|Johannesburg]]<ref>"Cassper fills up the dome". ''eNCA''.</ref> Katlego ya tiragalo e ne ya dira gore Nyovest e nne le leina le le reng "Fill Up" go rulaganya pontsho tsa mmino tse di oketsegileng mo mabaleng a metshameko ngwaga le ngwaga, go akaretsa [[:en:Orlando_Stadium|Orlando Stadium]] (2016) le [[:en:FNB_Stadium|FNB Stadium]] (2017), gape ka bobedi kwa Johannesburg, [[:en:Moses_Mabhida_Stadium|Moses Mabhida Stadium]] (2018) kwa [[:en:Durban|Durban]], le [[:en:Royal_Bafokeng_Stadium|Royal Bafokeng Stadium]] (2019) kwa [[:en:North_West_(South_African_province)|Bokoni bophirima]]<ref>https://www.iol.co.za/dailynews/news/cassper-nyovest-gets-set-to-fill-up-moses-mabhida-17748986</ref> Nyovest o ne a golola kgobokanyo ya gagwe ya dipina ya lefelo la kgatiso ya dipina [[wiktionary:eponym|e e ipitsang]] ''Refiloe'' ka nako ya pontsho ya gagwe ya mmino e e bidiwang ''Fill Up The Dome'' ka kgwedi ya Phalane w tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo le bongwe ka ngwaga wa 2015. Kgobokanyo e ya dipina e ne e dirilwe mmogo le baopedi ba le mmalwa, go akaretsa [[:en:The_Game_(rapper)|The Game]], [[:en:DJ_Drama|DJ Drama]], [[:en:Stonebwoy|Stonebwoy]] le [[:en:Casey_Veggies|Casey Veggies]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20151017124508/http://connect.citizen.co.za/26224/cassper-nyovest-drops-refiloe-track-list/ "Cassper Nyovest drops 'Refiloe' track-list".] ''Connect''. Archived from [http://connect.citizen.co.za/26224/cassper-nyovest-drops-refiloe-track-list/ the original] on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 4 November 2015.</ref> O ne a tswelela ka katlego e ka kgobokanyo ya gagwe ya boraro ya dipina ya studio e e neng ya amogelwa sentle ke batshwayadikgang, [[:en:Thuto|Thuto]] (2018), le kgobokanyo ya gagwe ya bonè ya dipina ya legelo la kgatiso ya dipina e e neng e ikaegile thata ka [[:en:Kwaito|Kwaito]], ''Sweet and Short'' (2019). == Botshelo jwa pele == {| class="wikitable" |+ |Ke ne ka bolelela batsadi ba me gore nka itlhophela go latelela toro ya me, e ke dumelang gore e tla atlega. - Cassper Nyovest, a bua ka loeto lwa gagwe lwa go tlogela sekolo<ref>[https://www.thesouthafrican.com/famous-south-africans-cassper-nyovest-five-facts/ "Famous South Africans: Cassper Nyovest"]. ''The South African''. 9 March 2018.</ref> |} Refiloe Maele Phoolo o ne a tsholwa ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro, ka ngwaga wa 1990 kwa [[:en:Mafikeng|Mafikeng]], e leng karolo ya [[:en:North_West_(South_African_province)|Bokone Bophirima]], ke Muzuki le Letsebela Phoolo. Nyovest o na le kgaitsadie yo o bidiwang Tsholofelo Phoolo;morwarrabone yo o tlhokafetseng, Khotso Phoolo, o ne a tlhokafala ka ngwaga wa 2003.<ref>[https://www.sahistory.org.za/dated-event/cassper-nyovest-south-african-hip-hop-artist-born "Cassper Nyovest, the South African Hip Hop artist is born"]. ''South African History''.</ref><ref>[https://ewn.co.za/2015/11/02/Ten-trivia-about-your-boy-Cassper-Nyovest "10 things you didn't know about Cassper Nyovest"]. ''EWN''.</ref> Nyovest o ne a tsena Sekolo sa Bogare sa Sol Plaatjie, kwa a neng a le motshameki wa metshameko e e farologaneng, mme a simolola go dira mmino wa go bua ka morethetho a na le dingwaga di le lesome le bobedi.<ref>"[https://zalebs.com/whats-hot/things-you-didnt-know-about-cassper-nyovest/ Cassper Nyovest]". ''ZAlebs''.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2006, Nyovest o ne a palelwa ke ditlhatlhobo tsa Mophato wa lesome. Seo se ne sa dira gore a fudugele kwa ntlong ya ga nkokoagwe kwa [[:en:Potchefstroom|Potchefstroom]]. Morago ga moo, ka ngwaga wa 2007, o ne a tsaya tshwetso ya go tlogela sekolo se segolo semmuso a na le dingwaga di le lesome le borataro.<ref>[https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/entertainment/2015-09-11-cassper-nyovest-talks-dropping-out-of-school-discovering-self-video/ "Cassper Nyovest talks dropping out of school, discovering self (VIDEO)".] ''The Sowetan''.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2008, Nyovest o ne a fudugela kwa Johannesburg go latelela tiro ya kopelo e le moopedi wa mmino wa go bua ka morethetho le motlhagisi wa mmino. O ne a fuduga morago ga go bolelela batsadi ba gagwe gore a ka rata go latelela ditoro tsa gagwe, tse a neng a dumela gore di ne di ka kgonega, go na le go tsaya tsela e e neng e bonala e babalesegile mme a bo a ikwatlhaela tshwetso eo botshelo jotlhe.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190328131022/https://www.coke.co.za/cokestudio/profile/profile_cassper-nyovest/ "Who is Cassper Nyovest?"]. ''Coke''.</ref> == Tiro ya mmino == Ngwaga wa 2004 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2014: Tshimologo le ''Tsholofelo'' ''Setlhogo se segolo: [[:en:Tsholofelo|Tsholofelo]]'' Ka ngwaga wa 2004, a na le dingwaga di le lesome le boraro fela, Nyovest o ne a tlhoma setlhopha sa mmino wa [[:en:Hip_hop_music|hip hop]] se se bidiwang ''Childhood Gangsta'' le ditsala tsa gagwe. Morago ga moo o ne a tlogela setlhopha seo mme a tsena mo setlhopheng sa gagwe se se latelang, ''Slow Motion'', se se neng se na le maloko a le borobabobedi, go akaretsa motlhagisi wa mmino Aashish Gangaram wa Ganja Beatz.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130804050614/http://bigbrotherafrica.dstv.com/News/17675/Press-Release-Cassper-Nyovest-brings-the-beats "Cassper Nyovest brings the beats".] DStv. Archived from [http://bigbrotherafrica.dstv.com/News/17675/Press-Release-Cassper-Nyovest-brings-the-beats the original] on 4 August 2013. Retrieved 28 June 2014.</ref> Fa a na le dingwaga di le lesome le borataro, morago ga go tlogela sekolo, Nyovest o ne a ikanisa tumalano le kompone ya dikgatiso tsa mmino ya [[:en:Motswako|motswako]] e e bidiwang Impact Sounds, e le yone e neng e saenetse baopedi ba ba jaaka [[:en:Tuks_Senganga|Tuks Senganga]] le Morafe ka ngwaga wa 2006.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140714210312/http://www.maftownheights.co.za/2013/index.php/2013-11-27-02-10-45/lection?id=10 "Maftown Heights 2013".] Maftown Heights. 27 November 2013. Archived from [http://www.maftownheights.co.za/2013/index.php/2013-11-27-02-10-45/lection?id=10 the original] on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 30 June 2014.</ref> Kamano magareng ga Nyovest le Impact Sounds e ne ya felela e sa tsamaye sentle ka ntlha ya dipharologano tsa boitlhamedi.<ref>"[https://buzzsouthafrica.com/cassper-nyovest-things-you-didnt-know/ Cassper Nyovest Bio]". ''Buzz South Africa''. 6 February 2017.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2008, matlhakore oomabedi a ne a kgaogana, mme Nyovest a nna moopedi yo o ikemetseng. Nyovest o ne a boela kwa gae mme a simolla kompone ya gagwe ya dikgatiso tsa mmino.<ref>[https://briefly.co.za/20906-16-december-the-day-sa-gifted-musical-genius-cassper-nyovest.html "16 December: The day SA was gifted the musical genius, Cassper Nyovest"]. ''Briefly''. 16 December 2018.</ref> Pele a simolla kompone ya gagwe, o ne a lemogiwa ke moopedi wa mmino wa go bua ka morethetho yo o tlhokafetseng, [[:en:Hip_Hop_Pantsula|Hip Hop Pantsula]], fa a ne a diragatsa mmino yo neng a tsenya Nyovest mo pineng ya gagwe e e bidiwang "Wamo Tseba Mtho".<ref>[https://www.okayafrica.com/cassper-nyovest-first-hhp-collaboration/ "Cassper Nyovest Shares The Story of How First Collaboration With HHP Came About".]</ref> Nyovest o ne a golola pina ya gagwe ya ntlha e e bidiwang [[:en:Gusheshe|Gusheshe]], e a neng a e opela mmogo le [[:en:Okmalumkoolkat|Okmalumkoolkat]], ka ngwaga wa 2013.<ref>[https://www.okayafrica.com/south-africa-music-gusheshe-cassper-nyovest-okmalumkoolkat/ "Watch Cassper Nyovest 'Gusheshe' featuring Okmalumkoolkat".] ''OkayAfrica''.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, o ne a simolla kompone ya gagwe ya dikgatiso tsa mmino e e bidiwang [[:en:Family_Tree_Records|Family Tree Records]].<ref>[https://www.discogs.com/label/969983-Family-Tree-Records-5 "Family Tree Records (5)"]. discogs.</ref> Pina ya gagwe ya bobedi, Doc Shebeleza, e ne ya gololwa mo go one ngwaga oo, mme ya tewa leina la moopedi wa [[:en:Kwaito|kwaito]] [[:en:Doc_Shebelezahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doc_Shebeleza|Doc Shebeleza]].<ref>[http://www.mtv.co.za/news/doc-shebeleza-goes-platinum/wn5jrn "Doc Shebeleza Goes Platinum"]. MTV.</ref> Pina eno e ne ya amogelwa sentle ke batho, mme baopedi ba ba tumileng, ba ba jaaka [[:en:Yvonne_Chaka_Chaka|Yvonne Chaka Chaka]], ba ne ba e akgola.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20141015122514/http://thejuice.co.za/top-stories/cassper-gets-love-from-yvonne-chaka-chaka/ "Cassper gets love from Yvonne Chaka Chaka".] The Juice. 7 July 2014. Archived from [http://thejuice.co.za/top-stories/cassper-gets-love-from-yvonne-chaka-chaka/ the original] on 15 October 2014. Retrieved 11 October 2014.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borobedi, ka ngwaga wa 2014, Nyovest o ne a golola kgobokanyo ya gagwe ya ntlha ya dipina e e bidiwang [[:en:Tsholofelo|''Tsholofelo'']], e e neng e teetswe leina la ga kgaitsadie.<ref>"[https://www.news24.com/You/Archive/casspers-new-album-title-is-all-in-a-name-20170728 Cassper's new album title is all in the name".] ''News24''.</ref> Kgobokanyo eno ya dipina e ne ya atlega thata, mme ya nna mo maemong a ntlha mo lenaneong la dikgobokanyo tsa dipina tsa [[:en:ITunes|iTunes]] SA, e leng la Aforika Borwa, ka dikgwedi tse pedi tse di latelanang, Phukwi le Phatwe 2014. Ka kgwedi ya Phalane 2014,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190327180534/http://pltfrm.co.za/album-review-cassper-nyovest-tsholofelo/ "Album Review: Cassper Nyovest – Tsholofelo"]. ''Plartform''. Archived from [http://pltfrm.co.za/album-review-cassper-nyovest-tsholofelo/ the original] on 27 March 2019. Retrieved 27 March 2019.</ref> Nyovest o ne a bewa mo maemong a ntlha e le moopedi yo o neng a le kwa godimo mo lenaneong la [[:en:MTV_Base_(African_TV_channel)|MTV Base]] le le bidiwang The Hottest MC in Africa, mme mo go one ngwaga oo a bewa mo maemong a bobedi mo lenaneong la [[:en:MTV_Base:_SA's_Hottest_MCs#2014|MTV SA's Hottest MCs.]]<ref>[https://www.news24.com/Archives/City-Press/KO-crowned-2014s-hottest-MC-20150429 "K.O crowned 2014's hottest MC"]. ''News24''.</ref> === 2015 go fitlha ka 2016:Refiloe === Setlhogo se segolo: [[:en:Refiloe|''Refiloe'']] Ka ntlha ya katlego ya ''Tsholofelo'', Nyovest o ne a golola mofuta wa kgobokanyo ya dipina o o bidiwang platinum, o o neng o na le dipina tse disha le dipina tse a neng a di opela mmogo le [[:en:Casey_Veggies|Casey Veggies]], [[:en:DJ_Drama|DJ Drama]], [[:en:Wizkid|Wizkid]] le [[:en:Anatii|Anatii]].<ref>"[https://tidal.com/browse/album/44792447 Tsholofelo (Platinum Edition) by Casper Nyovest"]. ''Tidal''. 29 May 2015.</ref> Mofuta o wa platinum o ne wa gololwa ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa, ka ngwaga wa 2015, mme go ne ga gatisiwa setshwantsho se se tshwanang le sa ntlha di le dikete di le lesome fela. Kwa bokhutlong jwa karolo ya boraro ya ngwaga wa 2015, Nyovest o ne a itsise gore o ikaeletse go tshwara pontsho e kgolo ya mmino e e bidiwang ''Fill Up The Dome'' kwa [[:en:Ticketpro_Dome|Ticketpro Dome]], kwa [[:en:Johannesburg|Johannesburg]], ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo le bongwe, ka ngwaga wa 2015. O ne a nopotswe a re, “Ke batla go tlatsa lefelo leno, le gone jaanong le kgonang go tshola batho ba ba ka fitlhang go dikete di le masome a mabedi, go fitlha le tlala gotlhelele.”<ref>[https://www.news24.com/Drum/Archive/cassper-nyovest-is-set-on-filling-up-the-dome-20170728 "Cassper is set on filling up the dome".] ''News24''.</ref> Gape o ne a itsise gore kgobokanyo ya gagwe ya bobedi ya dipina, e e bidiwang Refiloe, e tla gololwa ka letsatsi la tiragalo eo. Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bone, ka ngwaga wa 2015, Nyovest o ne a golola "Mama I Made It"(''MIMI''), e leng pina e kgolo ya ntlha ya kgobokanyo ya gagwe ya bobedi ya dipina, gape e le nngwe ya dipina tsa papatso tsa pontsho ya mmino ya ''Fill Up The Dome''.<ref>[https://www.okayafrica.com/cassper-nyovest-mama-i-made-it-refiloe-steam-download/ "Cassper Nyovest Drops The First " Refiloe"Single 'Mama I Made It'"]. ''OkayAfrica''.</ref> Nyovest o ne a kgona go rekisa dipampiri tsa go tsena tsotlhe tsa tiragalo ya gagwe, jaaka a ne a boleletse pele. Ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le botlhano, ka ngwaga wa 2015, seo se ne sa itsisiwe ka letlole la gagwe la Twitter.<ref>[https://www.ecr.co.za/shows/east-coast-breakfast/golden-boy-fills-dome/ "The golden boy fills up the dome".] ''East Coast Radio''.</ref> Ka letsatsi la tiragalo, batho ba ba neng ba rekile dipampiri tsa go tsena ba ne ba fiwa setshwantsho se se tshwanang le sa ntlha sa mahala sa kgobokanyo ya dipina ya ''Refiloe''.<ref>[https://citizen.co.za/lifestyle/your-life-entertainment-your-life/entertainment-celebrities/839669/refiloe-to-go-gold-as-fill-up-the-dome-is-sold-out/ "Refiloe to go gold as Fill up The Dome is sold out"]. ''Citizen''. 27 October 2015.</ref> Phatlalatso e e ne ya dira gore kgobokanyo ya dipina e fiwe maemo a [[:en:List_of_music_recording_certifications#Album|gauta]] mo go lone letsatsi leo.<ref>[https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/entertainment/2015-11-02-what-cassper-nyovest-achieved-with-fillupthedome/ "What Cassper Nyovest achieved with #FillUpTheDome"]. ''The Sowetan''.</ref> Morago ga moo, kgobokanyo eo ya dipina e ne ya fiwa maemo a platinum ka ntlha ya gore go ne go rometswe setshwantsho se se tshwanang le sa ntlha tse di fetang dikete di le masome a mane mo gae.<ref>[https://citizen.co.za/lifestyle/your-life-entertainment-your-life/entertainment-celebrities/903035/casspers-refiloe-goes-platinum/ "Cassper Nyovest's Refiloe goes platinum"]. ''Citizen''. 10 December 2015.</ref> Morago ga moo, Nyovest o ne a itsise ka tiragalo ya bobedi e e bidiwang ''Fill Up Orlando Stadium'', e e neng e tshwanetse go tshwarelwa kwa [[:en:Orlando_Stadium|lobaleng lwa Orlando]] , kwa [[:en:Soweto|Soweto]], Johannesburg, ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobongwe, ka ngwaga wa 2016, malatsi a le mabedi pele ga tiragalo ya Ticketpro Dome.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190406212548/https://destinyman.com/2018/11/12/cassper-nyovest-announces-second-fillup-internship/ "Cassper Nyovest announces second #FillUp Internship"]. ''Destiny Man''. Archived from [https://destinyman.com/2018/11/12/cassper-nyovest-announces-second-fillup-internship/ the original] on 6 April 2019. Retrieved 6 April 2019.</ref> Tiragalo eo e ne ya atlega, mme go ne ga nna le batho ba le dikete di le masome a mane, e leng palo e kgolo ya batho e lefelo leo le kgonang go e tshola. Palo yotlhe ya batho ba ba neng ba nna teng mo dipontshong tseno tse pedi e ne e ka nna dikete di le masome a robedi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190406212548/https://www.enca.com/south-africa/thousands-filluporlandostadium "Thousands #FillUpOrlandoStadium".] ''eNCA''. Archived from [https://www.enca.com/south-africa/thousands-filluporlandostadium the original] on 6 April 2019. Retrieved 6 April 2019.</ref> Mo dingwageng tsa 2015 le 2016, Nyovest o ne a bewa mo maemong a ntlha mo lenaneong la [[:en:MTV_Base:_SA's_Hottest_MCs|MTV Base: SA's Hottest MCs]]. Gape o ne a bewa mo maemong a ntlha mo lenaneong la Hottest Rapper in Africa la 2016, go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2014.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20190406212548/http://www.betafrica.tv/news/Cassper-Hottest-MCs/roq4sl Cassper Nyovest Crowned "SA's Hottest MC 2016""]. ''BET Africa''. Archived from [http://www.betafrica.tv/news/Cassper-Hottest-MCs/roq4sl the original] on 6 April 2019. Retrieved 6 April 2019.</ref><ref>[https://www.gq.co.za/culture/entertainment/south-africas-hottest-mc-of-2015-top-10-list-revealed-16554734 "South Africa's Hottest MC of 2015 Top 10 List Revealed".] ''GQ''.</ref> === Ngwaga wa 2017 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2019: ''Thuto'' le Sweet and Short === ''Setlhogo se segolo: [[:en:Thuto|Thuto]]'' Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e tlhola malatsi a le mane, ka ngwaga wa 2017, Nyovest o ne a golola pina e e neng e eteletse pele kgobokanyo ya gagwe ya boraro ya dipina, [[:en:Thuto|''Thuto'']],<ref>[https://www.news24.com/MoveMag/Archive/new-music-alert-cassper-nyovest-releases-a-new-song-tito-mboweni-20170728 "Cassper Nyovest releases a new song".] ''News24''.</ref> e e bidiwang Tito Mboweni. Pina eno e ne ya tewa leina la [[:en:National_Treasury_(South_Africa)|Tito Mboweni]], yo e neng e le Tona ya Matlotlo ya Aforika Borwa le mmusi wa pele wa [[:en:South_African_Reserve_Bank|Banka ya Polokelo]] ya Aforika Borwa. Pina eno e ne ya tuma thata mo kgwebong ka ntlha ya lefoko le le mo mafokong a pina le le reng “Shaa Shaa”, e leng lefoko le le dirang [[:en:Onomatopoeia|modumo o o tshwanang le modumo]] wa pampiri ya madi.<ref>[https://www.thesouthafrican.com/tito-mboweni-cassper-nyovest-music-video/ "Tito Mboweni: Cassper Nyovest once wrote song about SA's new finance minister"]. ''The South African''. 9 October 2018.</ref> ''Thuto'' e ne ya gololwa ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le matlhano, ka ngwaga wa 2017. E ne ya newa maemo a gauta ke [[:en:Recording_Industry_of_South_Africa|RiSA]] ka letsatsi le e neng ya gololwa ka lone, mme mo dibekeng tse di neng tsa latela ya newa maemo a polatinamo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180822051822/http://www.transafricaradio.net/index.php/2017/05/15/cassper-nyovests-thuto-goes-gold-one-day/ "Cassper Nyovest "Thuto" goes gold in one day".] ''Transafricaradio''. Archived from the original on 22 August 2018.</ref> Nyovest o ne a itsise ka tiragalo ya gagwe ya boraro ya Fill Up, e e neng ya tshwarwa ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bosupa, ka ngwaga wa 2017, kwa [[:en:FNB_Stadium|FNB Stadium]] kwa Johannesburg.<ref>[https://www.dailysun.co.za/News/Entertainment/fillupfnbstadium-date-announced-20170816 "FillUpFNBStadium Dates Announced"]. ''Daily Sun''.</ref><ref>[https://www.joburg.org.za/play_/Pages/Sports/FNB-StadiumSoccer-city.aspx "FNB Stadium/Soccer city".] ''City of Johannesburg''.</ref> Lebala leo la metshameko le kgona go tshola batho ba le dikete di le masome a robongwe le bone, makgolo a le supa le masome a mararo le borataro. Tiragalo eno e ne e rulaganyeditswe gore e tlatse lefelo leo ka batho ba le dikete di le masome a supileng le botlhano fela, mme seno e ne e le kgwetlho ya gagwe e kgolo go gaisa tsotlhe. Nyovest o ne a nna le mathata mangwe a go bona madi a go duelela pontsho eno, mme kwa bofelong o ne a bona bathekgi ba bagolo ba le bararo ba ba neng ba mo thusa, e leng [[:en:Cîroc|Cîroc]] SA, [[:en:SABC_1|SABC 1]] le [[:en:Budweiser|Budweiser]].<ref>"[https://www.zkhiphani.co.za/watch-cassper-nyovest-hooks-up-3-sponsors-for-fillupfnbstadium/https://www.zkhiphani.co.za/watch-cassper-nyovest-hooks-up-3-sponsors-for-fillupfnbstadium/ Watch: Cassper Nyovest Hooks Up 3 Sponsors For #FillUpFnbStadium"]. ''Zkhipani''. 15 November 2017.</ref> Tiragalo eno ga e a ka ya rekisa dipampiri tsa go tsena tsotlhe, mme le fa go ntse jalo e ne ya atlega. Ka ngwaga wa 2018, Nyovest o ne a golola kgobokanyo ya gagwe ya bonè ya dipina e e bidiwang ''Sweet and Short''. Kgobokanyo e ya dipina e ne ya newa maemo a polatinamo ka letsatsi le e neng ya gololwa ka lone.<ref>[https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2018-12-04-halala--cassper-nyovests-album-went-platinum-in-a-day-just-like-he-said/ "Halala! Cassper Nyovest's album went platinum in a day, just like he said".] ''TimesLive''. 3 December 2018.</ref> Tiragalo ya gagwe e e latelang ya Fill Up e ne e tshwanetse go tshwarelwa kwa [[:en:Moses_Mabhida_Stadium|Lebaleng la metshameko la Moses Mabhida]] , kwa [[:en:Durban|Durban]], ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola letsatsi la ntlha, ka ngwaga wa 2018.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190406212546/https://www.cosmopolitan.co.za/celebrities/cassper-nyovest-breaks-yet-another-record-and-fills-up-moses-mabhida-stadium/ "Cassper Nyovest Breaks Yet Another Record And Fills Up Moses Mabhida Stadium"]. ''Cosmopolitan''. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20190406212546/https://www.cosmopolitan.co.za/celebrities/cassper-nyovest-breaks-yet-another-record-and-fills-up-moses-mabhida-stadium/ the original] on 6 April 2019. Retrieved 6 April 2019.</ref> O ne a kgona go rekisa dipampiri tsa go tsena di le dikete di le masome a marataro le borobedi, mme seno se ne sa nna phelelo e e molemo.<ref>[https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/music/local/cassper-nyovest-all-set-to-fillupmosesmabhida-18344067 "Cassper Nyovest all set to #FillUpMosesMabhida"]. ''IOL''.</ref> Ka letsatsi le le latelang, Nyovest o ne a diragatsa kwa tiragalong ya [[:en:Global_Citizen_Festival|Moletlo wa Global Citizen]] : Mandela 100, e e neng e tshwerwe ka tshegetso ya [[:en:Patrice_Motsepe|mokgatlho wa Motsepe]] , mme ba ba neng ba eteletse pele mo tiragalong eo e ne e le [[:en:The_Carters|The Carters]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190406212548/https://www.bona.co.za/5-highlights-from-global-citizen-festival/ "5 Highlights from Global Citizen Festival".] ''Bona''. Archived from [https://www.bona.co.za/5-highlights-from-global-citizen-festival/ the original] on 6 April 2019. Retrieved 6 April 2019.</ref> Kwa Mzansi Kwaito and House Music Awards, pina ya gagwe e e bidiwang Gets Getsa 2.0 e ne ya fenya sekgele sa Best New Age Kwaito Song, se se rayang pina e e gaisang ya Kwaito ya motlha o mosha.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220331114256/https://www.samusicnews.co.za/entertainment/the-mzansi-kwaito-and-house-music-awards-mkhma-winners-announced/ "The Mzansi Kwaito and House Music Awards (MKHMA) Winner's announced | SA Music News Magazine".] ''SA Music News Magazine''. 5 December 2019. Archived from [https://www.samusicnews.co.za/entertainment/the-mzansi-kwaito-and-house-music-awards-mkhma-winners-announced/ the original] on 31 March 2022. Retrieved 11 September 2021.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano, ka ngwaga wa 2019, Nyovest o ne a diragatsa kwa tiragalong ya gagwe ya botlhano ya ngwaga le ngwaga ya "Fill Up", e e neng ya tshwarelwa kwa [[:en:Royal_Bafokeng_Stadium|lefelong la motshameko la Royal Bafokeng]] kwa [[:en:Rustenburg|Rustenburg]], e leng toropo ya [[:en:North_West_(South_African_province)|Bokone bophirima]], kgaolo e a tsholetsweng kwa go yone.<ref>[https://www.dailysun.co.za/Celebs/royal-bafokeng-stadium-was-on-fire-20191216 "Royal Bafokeng Stadium Was On Fire".] ''Daily Sun''. 15 December 2019.</ref><ref>[https://sahiphopmag.co.za/2019/12/5-must-see-pics-from-cassper-nyovests-fill-up-royal-bafokeng-filluproyalbafokeng/ "5 Must See Pics From Cassper Nyovest's Fill Up Royal Bafokeng #filluproyalbafokeng"]. ''SA Hip Hop Mag''. 16 December 2019.</ref> Morago ga gore balatedi ba mmino wa hip hop ba mo tshwaye diphoso ka ntlha ya go tswa mo mofuteng oo wa mmino, Nyovest o ne a boela mo mminong wa hip hop ka ngwaga wa 2020 ka pina e e bidiwang [https://hiphopza.com/cassper-nyovest-good-for-that/ Good For That]. E bolokilwe ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e rogwa ka ngwaga wa 2020 kwa [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Motšhineng wa Wayback]]. === Ngwaga wa 2020 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2022: ''Motsotso mongwe le mongwe jaanong, Monate le Bokhutshwane 2.0'' === Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bongwe, ka ngwaga wa 2020, Nyovest o ne a golola kgobokanyo ya gagwe ya botlhano ya dipina e e gatisitsweng mo lefelong la go gatisa dipina, e e bidiwang ''Any Minute'' ''Now''.<ref>Mkhabela, Sabelo (22 June 2020). [https://www.okayafrica.com/cassper-nyovest-announces-new-album-any-minute-now/144795 "Cassper Nyovest Announces New Album 'Any Minute Now' - OkayAfrica"]. ''OkayAfrica''.</ref><ref>Reporter, Entertainment (11 September 2020). [https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/music/local/cassper-nyovest-finally-drops-any-minute-now-and-fans-are-blown-away-f9d52a5d-5885-4e37-ac41-43ec8b0a465e "Cassper Nyovest finally drops 'Any Minute Now' and fans are blown away".] ''Independent Online''.</ref><ref>Mike, Steven. [https://iminathi.net/cassper-nyovest-anm-any-minute-now-album/ "Cassper Nyovest Any Minute Now Album"]. ''iminathi''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200920182043/https://iminathi.net/cassper-nyovest-anm-any-minute-now-album/ Archived] from the original on 20 September 2020. Retrieved 17 September 2020.</ref> Kgobokanyo e ya dipina e na le baopedi ba bangwe ba ba jaaka Zola 7, [[:en:Samthing_Soweto|Samthing Soweto]], Langa Mavuso, Tellaman, [[:en:YoungstaCPT|YoungstaCPT]], [[:en:Busiswa|Busiswa]], [[:en:Nadia_Nakai|Nadia Nakai]], [[:en:Khuli_Chana|Khuli Chana]], Tuks, Mo' Molemi, Towdee Mac le DJ Lemonka.<ref>Mkhabela, Sabelo (10 September 2020). [https://www.okayafrica.com/stream-cassper-nyovests-new-album-amn-any-minute-now-featuring-anthony-hamilton-boogie-hhp-busiswa-langa-mavuso-and-more/295688 "Stream Cassper Nyovest's New Album 'A.M.N (Any Minute Now)' Featuring Anthony Hamilton, Boogie, HHP, Busiswa, Langa Mavuso and More - OkayAfrica"]. ''OkayAfrica''.</ref> Kwa Dikgeleng tsa Sforika Borwa tsa Hip Hop ya ngwaga wa 2020, o ne a fenya dikgele di le tharo, e leng Song of the Year, e e rayang pina ya ngwaga, Album of the Year, e e rayang kgobokanyo ya dipina ya ngwaga, le Best Male, e e rayang moopedi wa monna yo o gaisang.<ref>Seroto, Butchie (13 December 2020). [https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/sa-hip-hop-awards-2020-all-winners "SA Hip Hop Awards 2020: All the winners"]. ''Music In Africa''.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo, ka ngwaga wa 2021, Cassper o ne a golola kgobokanyo ya gagwe ya ntlha ya dipina tsa [[:en:Amapiano|Amapiano]] e e gatisitsweng mo lefelong la go gatisiwa mmino, e e bidiwang ''Sweet And Short 2.0.'' Kgobokanyo eno ya dipina e ne e na le dipina di le lesome, mme baopedi le badiragatsi ba mmino ba ba neng ba na le seabe mo go yone e ne e le Abidoza, [[:en:Samthing_Soweto|Samthing Soweto]], LuuDadeejay, Kammu Dee, Lady Du, Ma Lemon, Semi Tee, [[:en:Boohle|Boohle]], DJ Sumbody, Reece Madlisa, Thulz le Zuma.<ref>Mike, Steven (29 June 2021)[https://iminathi.net/cassper-nyovest-sweet-and-short-2-0-album/ . "Cassper Nyovest Sweet And Short 2.0 Album".] ''iminathi''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210629165038/https://iminathi.net/cassper-nyovest-sweet-and-short-2-0-album/ Archived] from the original on 29 June 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2021.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le mane, ka ngwaga wa 2021, o ne a tsaya loeto go ya kwa United Kingdom go ya go nna karolo ya AmaFest Tour, a tsamaya le DJ Maphorisa, DBN Gogo le [[:en:Focalistic|Focalistic]], ka maikaelelo a go rotloetsa mofuta wa mmino wa [[:en:Amapiano|Amapiano]].<ref>Adejoy (5 August 2021). [https://fakazanews.com/2021/08/05/dj-maphorisa-kabza-cassper-dbn-gogo-focalistic-are-taking-amapiano-to-uk/ "DJ Maphorisa, Kabza, Cassper, DBN Gogo, Focalistic are taking Amapiano to UK | Fakaza News"]. ''Fakaza News''.</ref> Cassper o ne a nna le seabe mo pineng ya tirisanommogo e e bidiwang Umjolo, a dira mmogo le Abidoza le Boohle. Pina eno e ne ya gololwa ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo, ka ngwaga wa 2021.<ref>Mike Silas (30 September 2021). [https://zaplaylist.com/2021/09/30/download-abidoza-umjolo-ft-cassper-nyovest-boohle-mp3/ "Abidoza Umjolo feat Cassper Nyovest and Boohle".] ''ZAPlaylist''.</ref><ref>[https://justnje.com/abidoza-releases-his-hard-won-single-umjolo-featuring-boohle-and-cassper-nyovest/ "Abidoza releases his hard-won single, Umjolo, featuring Boohle and Cassper Nyovest"]. ''justnje.com''. Retrieved 29 December 2021.</ref> === 2023 go fitlha jaanong: ''Solomon'', Leeto la Lefatshe la Setulo sa Bogosi sa Aforika === Cassper o ne a itsise ka kgobokanyo ya gagwe ya dipina e e gatisiwa mo lefelong la go gatisiwa mmino, e e bidiwang ''Solomon'', kwa bokhutlong jwa kgwedi ya Motsheganong, e e neng e rulaganyeditswe go gololwa ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobedi, ka ngwaga wa 2023.<ref>[https://sahiphopmag.co.za/2023/05/cassper-announces-new-album-release-date/ "Cassper Announces New Album Release Date"]. 27 May 2023.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong, ka ngwaga wa 2023, Cassper Nyovest le [[:en:Nasty_C|Nasty C]] ba ne ba itsise ka African Throne World Tour, e e neng e akaretsa matlha a le lesome le bobedi.<ref>[https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2023-07-14-we-cant-wait-to-bring-it-to-you--cassper-nyovest-and-nasty-c-share-african-throne-world-tour-dates/ "'We can't wait to bring it to you' — Cassper Nyovest and Nasty C share 'African Throne World Tour' dates"]</ref> Loeto lwa dipontsho tsa mmino lo ne lo tshwanetse go simolola ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borobedi kwa Arusha, Tanzania, mme lwa felela ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobedi kwa Johannesburg, Aforika Borwa. Go gololwa ga kgobokanyo ya dipina go ne ga busediwa morago, mme go ne ga itsisiwe ka pina e e bidiwang 018, e Cassper a neng a e opela mmogo le [[:en:Maglera_Doe_Boy|Maglera Doe Boy]].<ref>[https://www.news24.com/life/arts-and-entertainment/music/cassper-nyovest-postpones-date-for-new-album-20230726 "Cassper Nyovest postpones date for new album"]</ref> Pina eno e ne ya gololwa ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano, ka ngwaga wa 2023, e le pina e kgolo e e neng e eteletse pele kgobokanyo eno ya dipina.<ref>Laketu, Adedayo (15 September 2023). [https://www.okayafrica.com/casper-nyovest-releases-new-single-018-featuring-maglera-doe-boy/ "South African Rapper Cassper Nyovest Drops New Single "018" with Maglera Doe Boy - Okay Africa".] ''OkayAfrica''. Retrieved 22 September 2023.</ref> ''Solomon'' e ne ya gololwa ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le botlhano, ka ngwaga wa 2023.<ref>[https://gagasiworld.co.za/cassper-nyovest-explores-self-introspection-in-his-7th-studio-album-solomon/ "Cassper Nyovest Explores Self-Introspection In His 7th Studio Album, 'Solomon' - Gagasi World"]. ''Gagasi World''. 15 September 2023. Retrieved 16 September 2023.</ref> E ne ya fitlha mo maemong a ntlha mo lenaneong la dikgobokanyo tsa dipina kwa Aforika Borwa.<ref>Banda, Clive (20 September 2023). [https://sahiphopmag.co.za/2023/09/cassper-expresses-gratitude-after-solomon-album-debuted-number-1-on-itunes/ "Cassper Expresses Gratitude After 'Solomon' Album Debuted Number 1 On iTunes - SA Hip Hop Mag"]. ''South Africa Hip Hop Magazine''. Retrieved 22 September 2023.</ref> === Setshwantso sa Motshikinyego === Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le borobabobongwe, ka ngwaga wa 2021, o ne a nna mongwe wa batshwari ba lenaneo la ''The Braai Show'' ''with Cass'', e leng lenaneo le le bontshiwang mo [[:en:SABC_1|SABC 1.]]<ref>[https://www.news24.com/life/arts-and-entertainment/tv/cassper-nyovest-to-host-season-two-of-the-braai-show-on-sabc1-20210810 "Cassper Nyovest to host season two of The Braai Show on SABC1 | Channel".] ''News24''. South Africa. 10 August 2021.</ref><ref>Mokhothu, Lesego (7 September 2021). [https://sundayworld.co.za/news/the-braai-show-with-cass-airs-tomorrow-on-sabc-1/ "'The Braai Show with Cass' airs tomorrow on SABC 1 - Sunday World"]. Sunday World. Retrieved 7 September 2021.</ref> Go ela kwa bokhutlong jwa kgwedi ya Phukwi, ka ngwaga wa 2026, Nyovest le Zanele Potelwa ba ne ba itsisiwe e le batshwari ba mokete wa bosigo jwa bobedi wa dikgaisano tsa bo masome a mararo le bobedi tsa South African Music Awards.<ref>[https://iol.co.za/saturday-star/news/2026-07-23-cassper-nyovest-and-the-samas-bury-the-hatchet-as-rapper-is-announced-sama-32-host/ "Cassper Nyovest and the SAMAs bury the hatchet as rapper is announced SAMA 32 host".] ''Independent Online''. Retrieved 16 August 2026.</ref><ref>[https://sundayworld.co.za/celebrity-news/entertainment/cassper-nyovest-and-zanele-potelwa-to-host-star-studded-sama32/ "Cassper Nyovest and Zanele Potelwa to host star-studded SAMA32"]. ''Sunday World''. Retrieved 16 August 2026.</ref> == Dikgwebo == === Ditumalano tsa papatso === Nyovest o ne a bona ditumalano di le mmalwa tsa papatso le dikhampani tse di farologaneng, segolobogolo le Ciroc, e leng mofuta wa bojalwa jwa vodka. Tumalano ya gagwe le [[:en:Ciroc|''Ciroc'']] e ne e le nngwe ya ditumalano tsa gagwe tse dikgolo tsa papatso mo tirong ya gagwe go fitlha ka nako e.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210120152507/https://previdar.com/ciroc-celebrates-fill-up-with-cassper-nyovest/ "CÎroc Celebrates Fill Up With Cassper Nyovest"]. ''Previdar''. Archived from [http://previdar.com/ciroc-celebrates-fill-up-with-cassper-nyovest/ the original] on 20 January 2021. Retrieved 1 April 2019.</ref> Tumalano e e ne ya simolola ka ngwaga wa 2017, fa Nyovest a ne a bontsha mabotlolo a le mmalwa a Cîroc mo bidiong ya pina ya gagwe e e bidiwang ''Tito Mboweni''. Morago ga moo, Ciroc e ne ya itsise ka tumalano ya yone le Nyovest. Ka ngwaga wa 2015, Nyovest o ne a dira tumalano ya papatso le [[:en:MTN_Group|MTN]] le ''AG Mobile'' fa ba ne ba tlhagisa [[:en:Smartphone|mogala wa letheka yo tlhabologileng]] o o bidiwang ''AG Hashtag'', o o neng o tlhotlheleditswe ke ene mme karolo ya one e ne e dirilwe ka dikakanyo tsa gagwe.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190401122326/https://www.enca.com/technology/cassper-and-ag-mobile-launch-new-cellphone "Rapper Cassper collaborates on new cellphone".] ''eNCA''. Archived from [https://www.enca.com/technology/cassper-and-ag-mobile-launch-new-cellphone the original] on 1 April 2019. Retrieved 1 April 2019.</ref> Gape o ne a dira ditumalano tsa papatso le dikompone tse dingwe, go akaretsa [[:en:Shoprite_(South_Africa)|Shoprite]], [[:en:Samsung|Samsung]] ''South Africa'', [[:en:Coca-Cola|Coca Cola]], [[:en:KFC|KFC]] ''SA'', [[:en:Castle_Brewery|Castle Lite]], [[:en:Nike,_Inc.|Nike]] ''SA'' le Bitcasino.<ref>[https://sahiphopmag.co.za/2018/04/a-list-of-cassper-nyovests-endorsement-deals/ "A Few List of Cassper Nyovest Endorsement Deals".] ''SA Hip Hop Mag''. 24 April 2018.</ref><ref>Niji Narayan (10 June 2022). [https://europeangaming.eu/portal/latest-news/2022/06/10/116111/cassper-nyovest-joins-bitcasino-as-its-global-ambassador/ "Cassper Nyovest Joins Bitcasino as its Global Ambassador"]. ''European Gaming''. Retrieved 22 June 2022.</ref> === Family Tree Records (Kgatiso ya Family Tree) === Jaaka rakgwebo, Nyovest o ne a tlhoma [[:en:Family_Tree_Records|Family Tree Records]]. Kompone e ya dikgatiso tsa moopelo e ne ya tlhomiwa ka ngwaga wa 2014 morago ga gore a tlogele ''Impact Soundz''.<ref>[https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/entertainment/2017-02-21-here-are-6-celebs-who-started-their-own-record-labels/ "Here are 6 celebs who started their own record labels]". ''The Sowetan''.</ref> === Root of Fame (Modi wa Tumo) === Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi, ka ngwaga wa 2021, o ne a simolla kompone ya ditlhako tsa metshameko e e bidiwang Root of Fame, e e neng e le ka fa tlase ga Drip Footwear.<ref>Naidoo, Deepika (9 July 2021). [https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2021-07-09-mzansi-shows-cassper-nyovest-love-as-he-launches-root-of-fame-sneakers/ "Mzansi shows Cassper Nyovest love as he launches 'Root Of Fame' sneakers"]. ''TshisaLIVE''.</ref> === Billiato === Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le marataro, ka ngwaga wa 2021, o ne a simolola mofuta wa gagwe wa bojalwa o o bidiwang Billiato.<ref>Matiwane, Nonkululeko. [https://www.news24.com/drum/Celebs/News/cassper-nyovest-launches-own-premium-liquor-brand-20210906 "Cassper Nyovest launches own premium liquor brand | Drum"]. ''News24''. South Africa.</ref> == Mabole == === Go itsege kgatlhanong le Tlhotlheletso === Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi, ka ngwaga wa 2021, Nyovest o ne a nna le ntwa ya mabole e a neng a lwa le Slik Talk, yo o dirang diteng mo YouTube, mme Nyovest a fenya ntwa eo.<ref>[https://www.thesouthafrican.com/lifestyle/celeb-news/breaking-fame-vs-clout-boxing-match-cassper-nyovest-slik-talk-naakmusiq-celebrity-reactions/ "'What a mess!': Celebs react to Fame vs Clout boxing match".] ''The South African''. 23 December 2021. Retrieved 1 April 2022.</ref> === Actor vs Musician === [[:en:Boxing_match|Ntwa ya mabole]] e e neng e bidiwa Actor vs Musician e ne ya tshwarwa kwa [[:en:Sun_City_Stadium|lefelong la metshameko la Sun City]] ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le borobongwe, ka ngwaga wa 2022.<ref>[https://www.702.co.za/articles/442783/who-will-emerge-victorious-cassper-nyovest-or-naakmusiq "Who will emerge victorious - Cassper Nyovest or NaakMusiQ?".] ''702''. Retrieved 10 April 2022.</ref> Cassper Nyovest o ne a fenngwa ke [[:en:Anga_Makubalo|NaakMusiQ]] morago ga gore ntwa e tswelele go fitlha mo karolong ya botlhano.<ref>[https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2022-04-10-and-the-winner-is-naakmusiq-actor-wins-the-celebcity-boxing-match/ "And the winner is? NaakMusiQ! Actor wins the #CelebCity boxing match!"]. ''TimesLIVE''. Retrieved 10 April 2022.</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi, ka ngwaga wa 2015, morago ga dikgwedi di le mmalwa ba gana gore ba ratana, Nyovest le motshameki wa ditshwantsho [[:en:Boity_Thulo|Boity Thulo]] ba ne ba tlhomamisa mo kgatisong ya Phukwi ya makasine wa [[:en:Drum_(South_African_magazine)|DRUM]] gore ba ne ba ratana. Setlhogo se se neng se le mo tsebeng e kgolo ya makasine se ne se kaya gore banyalani bano ba ne ba beeletswe go nyalana, mme moragonyana Nyovest le Thulo ba ne ba latola seo, ba re buka ya dikgang e ne e dirisitse setlhogo seo go oketsa thekiso ya yone.<ref>[http://www.sowetanlive.co.za/entertainment/2015/07/16/cassper-and-boity-make-their-love-official "Cassper and Boity make their love official".] ''Sowetan Live''. Retrieved 21 August 2015.</ref> Baratani ba ba ne ba kgaogana ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole, ka ngwaga wa 2015. == Dikgotlhang == === Ntwa === Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Nyovest o ne a nna mo kgotlhang le moopedi yo e neng e le moganetsi wa gagwe wa nako e telele, [[:en:AKA_(rapper)|AKA]].<ref>[https://www.okayafrica.com/cassper-nyovest-aka-beef-south-africa-hip-hop/ "AKA, Cassper & South Africa's Biggest Hip-Hop Beef"]. ''OkayAfrica''.</ref> Fa Nyovest a ne a re pina ya gagwe e e bidiwang Doc Shebeleza ke yone pina e kgolo go gaisa tsotlhe mo moopelong wa hip hop wa Aforika Borwa, AKA, yo o neng a rotloetsa pina ya gagwe e ntšha e e bidiwang [[:en:Congratulate_(song)|Congratulate]], o ne a bontsha gore ga a dumalane le ene fa a ne a kwala molaetsa mo Twitter a re go na le moopedi wa mmino wa go bua ka morethetho yo o tsamayang a re o na le pina e kgolo go gaisa tsotlhe mo lefatsheng, mme a gwetlha batho go batla pina eo mo lenaneong la dipina tse di kwa godimo di le lekgolo tsa iTunes.<ref>[https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/celebrity-news/local/a-very-brief-guide-to-the-aka-and-cassper-nyovest-feud-15997501 "A very brief guide to the AKA and Cassper Nyovest feud"]. ''IOL''.</ref> Morago ga moo, Nyovest o ne a araba ka molaetsa mo Twitter, a tlhalosa mabaka a gore ke ka ntlha ya eng pina ya gagwe e ne e le kgolo go feta ya ga AKA. Kgotlhang e e ne ya gola fa baopedi ba ba babedi ba ne ba tswelela go arabisana ka melaetsa gangwe le gape.<ref>[https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/drum/20140821/281685433010434 "Cassper Nyovest's Twitter War"]. ''Press Reader''.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe, ka ngwaga wa 2014, ba ne ba rulaganyeditswe go diragatsa mmogo mo lenaneong la moopelo la [[:en:SABC_1|SABC 1]] le le bidiwang ''Live Amp'', fa go ne gatwe mongwe wa batho ba ba neng ba tsamaya le AKA o ne a a tshosetsa Cassper le setlhopha sa gagwe ka tlhobolo.<ref>[https://www.channel24.co.za/The-Juice/Inside-the-years-biggest-feud-AKA-Vs-Cassper-Nyovest-20150330 "Inside the year's biggest feud: AKA Vs Cassper Nyovest"]. ''Channel24''.</ref> Kgotlhang e nngwe e ne ya tlhaga ka ngwaga wa 2015, fa Cassper a ne a latofatsa AKA ka go mo itaya ka letsogo , mme se sa dira gore baopedi ba ba babedi ba, ba golole dipina tse ba neng ba tlhaselana ka tsone. Ka ngwaga wa 2018, fa Nyovest a ne a bodiwa ka seemo sa kgotlhang ya gagwe le AKA,o ne a bolela gore bobedi jo ga bo kitla bo boelana, e leng selo se se itshupileng e le boammaaruri go tla go fitlha jaanong.<ref>[https://www.dailysun.co.za/News/Entertainment/cassper-and-aka-will-never-reconcile-20180606 "Cassper and AKA Will 'Never' Reconcile".] ''Daily Sun''.</ref> === Ditsheko le dikgotlhang tsa semolao === Ka ngwaga wa 2018, moopedi wa [[:en:Xitsonga|Xitsonga]] [[:en:Benny_Mayengani|Benny Mayengani]] o ne a rulaganyetsa go tshwara pontsho ya gagwe ya moopelo e e neng e bidiwa #''FillUpGiyaniStadium''. Ka ntlha ya gore Mayengani o ne a dirisa leina le le tshwanang le la Nyovest la Fill Up, Nyovest o ne a mo latofatsa ka go dirisa letshwao la kgwebo la gagwe mme a mo romelela lokwalo lwa semolao lo lo mo laelang gore a [[:en:Cease_and_desist|emise go dirisa leina leo]].<ref>[https://ewn.co.za/2018/09/06/can-artists-trademark-event-names-cassper-and-the-fillup-trademark-saga "Nyovest and the #Fillup Trademark Saga: Can Artists Trademark Event Names?"]. ''EWN''.</ref> Patlisiso e ne ya senola gore Nyovest o ne a ise a nne mong wa letshwao la kgwebo la #Fill Up, ka jalo o ne a sa kgone go tsaya kgato ya semolao kgatlhanong le Mayengani.<ref>[https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2018-09-11-revealed-cassper-doesnt-own-the-fillup-trademark-and-cant-take-action/ "Revealed: Cassper doesn't own the #FillUp trademark and can't take action".] ''TimesLive''.</ref> == Dikgele le maina a a neng a tlhophiwa == ===== ''Setlhogo se segolo: [[:en:List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_Cassper_Nyovest|Lenaneo la dikgele le ditlhopho tse di amogetsweng ke Cassper Nyovest]]'' ===== Nyovest o ne a fiwa dikgele mme a tlhophiwa mo dikgaisanong tse di farologaneng tsa dikgele tsa moopelo mo Aforika Borwa le kwa mafatsheng a mangwe. Dikgele tsa gagwe tsa ntlha di ne tsa tla ka ngwaga wa 2013, fa a ne a fenya dikgele di le nne mo moketeng wa bobedi wa ''Dikgele tsa Aforika Borwa tsa Hip Hop''.<ref>[https://www.hypemagazine.co.za/2013/11/cassper-cleans-up-at-sa-hip-hop-awards/ "Cassper cleans up at SA Hip Hop Awards!"]. ''hypemagazine.co.za''. 22 November 2013. Retrieved 7 May 2017.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le boraro, ka ngwaga wa 2018, o ne a tlhophiwa mo moketeng wa bo lesome le bobedi wa Dikgele tsa Headies kwa Nigeria mo setlhopheng sa moopedi wa Moaforika yo o gaisang, mmogo le Nasty C, Sarkodie wa kwa Ghana, setlhopha sa kwa Kenya sa Sauti Sol le moopedi wa kwa Tanzania Vanessa Mdee.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20181009013156/https://mp3joli.info/cassper-nyovest-nasty-c-nominated-for-best-african-artiste-headies-awards-2018/ "Cassper Nyovest, nasty C Nominated For Best African Artiste @ Headies Awards 2018"]. ''mp3joli.info''. 14 April 2018. Archived from [https://mp3joli.info/cassper-nyovest-nasty-c-nominated-for-best-african-artiste-headies-awards-2018/ the original] on 9 October 2018. Retrieved 21 May 2018.</ref> == Kgobokanyo ya dipina == ''Setlhogo se segolo: [[:en:Cassper_Nyovest_discography|Dikgobokanyo tsa dipina tsa]]'' ''[[:en:Cassper_Nyovest_discography|ga Cassper Nyovest]]'' Dikgobokanyo tsa dipina tse di gatisitsweng mo lefelong la go rekota dipina * [[:en:Tsholofelo|''Tsholofelo'']], ka ngwaga wa 2014 * ''[[:en:Refiloe_(album)|Refiloe]]'', ka ngwaga wa 2015 * [[:en:Thuto|''Thuto'']], ka ngwaga wa 2017 * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tCSLMb_XI4M&list=PLROCu5zzppU1oOZaSsRSLkSZA6p4ymuQW ''Sweet and Short''], ka ngwaga wa 2018 * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yJgl-gQcSyw&list=PL8iGhF9mn2hcV6di0MhZDWEfYC-qouHk_ ''A.M.N (Any Minute Now)''], ka ngwaga wa 2020 * Sweet and Short 2.0, ka ngwaga wa 2021 * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cLrOxH6TYr8&list=PL8iGhF9mn2hccUZt9ZC9i2taLomYmp0HT ''Solomon''], ka ngwaga wa 2023 == Metswedi == <references /> == Dikgokagano tsa kwa ntle == * [http://casspernyovest.com/ Official website] 5pyb9eimkq2viis6kthn4e8bvrzmyhu 0 9447 55328 38553 2026-09-23T01:47:56Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55328 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bonnie Hart''' ke motaki wa kwa Australia, motlhami wa difilimi, [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intersex_human_rights le molwela ditshwanelo tsa batho ba bong bo sele], o tshotswe a na le [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Androgen_insensitivity_syndrome androgen insensitivity syndrome,] Ke  moeteledipele wa Intersex Peer Support Australia. Hart o diragatsa mo nageng ya gaabo le mo lefatsheng lotlhe, gape o bua ka dikgang tsa batho ba bong bo le bongwe mo nageng ya gaabo le mo lefatsheng lotlhe. Ene ya re ka ngwaga wa 2016, [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/SX_News Gay News Network] ya lefatshe la Australia e ne ya mo tsenya mo lekalaneng la bone la "25 LGBTI people to watch in 2017".<ref>Domingo, Reg (9 December 2016). "[http://gaynewsnetwork.com.au/feature/25-lgbti-australians-to-watch-in-2017-22588.html 25 LGBTI people to watch in 2017".] [[:en:SX_News|Gay News Network]]. Retrieved 19 January 2017.[dead link]</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230411075117/https://oii.org.au/24704/intersex-inclusion-2014-sydney-mardi-gras-parade/2 "Intersex inclusion in the 2014 Sydney Mardi Gras Parade".] [[:en:Organisation_Intersex_International_Australia|Organisation Intersex International Australia.]] 3 March 2014. Archived from [https://oii.org.au/24704/intersex-inclusion-2014-sydney-mardi-gras-parade/ the original] on 11 April 2023.</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe jwa pele == Hart o tlhalosa ka fa a neng a bolelelwa ka teng gore o ne a simolola tsa tlhakanelo dikobo ya “batho ba bong bo bo le bongwe a santse a le monnye thata", ka go tsenelela mo go [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intersex_medical_interventions tsa kalafi ga batho ya bong bo le bongwe ba le bantsi]. Le fa a ne a dumela e le ka bo ngwana, o ne a sa itse gore e ya go nna ditlamorago tsa botshelo jotlhe jwa gagwe.<ref>Copland, Simon (15 December 2016). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20170131201328/http://www.sbs.com.au/topics/sexuality/agenda/article/2016/12/15/medical-communitys-approach-intersex-people-still-primarily-focused-normalising The medical community's approach to intersex people is still primarily focused on 'normalising' surgeries]". SBS. Retrieved 19 January 2017.</ref> Hart o tlhalosa ka  fa kgetholole e "dirang gore go nne le maemo" a ditshereganyo tse di ntseng jalo, "Go na le poifo ya gore batho ba tla bo ba sa tlwaela ka gonne mebele ya bone e farologane, mme poifo eo e kopane le go tlhoka kitso ya gore go ntse jang go tshela jaaka mogolo o na le mebele eo ntle le karo, e dira gore go nne le thulaganyo ya go dira karo".<ref>Domingo, Reg (9 December 2016). "[http://gaynewsnetwork.com.au/feature/25-lgbti-australians-to-watch-in-2017-22588.html 25 LGBTI people to watch in 2017"]. [[:en:SX_News|Gay News Network]]. Retrieved 19 January 2017.[dead link]</ref> Fa a ntse a gola, Hart o ne a sa itse gore kgaitsadie, [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoebe_Hart Phoebe Hart], le ene o ne a na le bolwetse jwa androgen insensitivity syndrome.<ref>Graham, Liz (2 February 2012). [https://web.archive.org/web/20160518110258/http://www.bodyandsoul.com.au/sex+relationships/wellbeing/im+proud+to+be+a+hermaphrodite,16555 "I'm proud to be a hermaphrodite"]. body+soul.</ref> == Tiro Ya gagwe Ya botshelo Jotlhe == Hart ke "motshameki wa maemo a a kwa godimo yo o nang le maatla a a kwa godimo" gape ke  motshameki yo o nang le mekgwa e e farologaneng, a kopanya go dira difilimi ka tsa segologolo  le ka analoko, mmino le botaki jwa ditshwantsho.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170131200234/http://www.ventinggallery.com/bonnie-hart-bio/ Bonnie Hart Bio]". Venting Gallery. Archived from [http://www.ventinggallery.com/bonnie-hart-bio/ the original] on 31 January 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2017.</ref> Ke mothei-mmogo wa Venting Gallery le Foundation for Contemporary Music le Culture<ref>[http://fcmc.org.au/]</ref> kwa Brisbane, Queensland, mme gape o tshameka le di-ditlhopha tse di akaretsang X-wave le the Unaustralians.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20170131200234/http://www.ventinggallery.com/bonnie-hart-bio/ Bonnie Hart Bio]". Venting Gallery. Archived from [http://www.ventinggallery.com/bonnie-hart-bio/ the original] on 31 January 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2017.</ref><ref>[http://www.collapseboard.com/reviews/live-reviews/the-audio-pollen-social-club-199-boundary-street-west-end-brisbane-10-02-13/ "The Audio Pollen Social Club @ 199 Boundary Street, West End, Brisbane, 10.02.13".] Collapse Board. 26 February 2013.</ref> Mo bidiong ya [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchids,_My_Intersex_Adventure Orchid, My Intersex Adventure,] Hart le kgaitsadie ba ne ba lebagana le dikgobalo tsa maikutlo tse di bakilweng ke dikaro tse di simolotseng le go boloka diphiri tse di amanang le tsone.<ref>[http://www.firsthandfilms.com/index.php?film=1000334 First Hand Films 'Interview with Phoebe Hart"]. ATOM Awards. Melbourne, Australia. Retrieved 26 October 2010.</ref><ref>[http://www.orchids-themovie.com/synopsis.html "Film Synopsis]". Orchids, My Intersex Adventure. 3 October 2010. Retrieved 26 October 2010.</ref> == Tirisanommogo == Hart ke moporesidente wa [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intersex_Peer_Support_Australia Intersex Peer Support Australia.].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160424151613/http://www.aissga.org.au/ What's new with the AISSG Australia?"]. [[:en:Androgen_Insensitivity_Syndrome_Support_Group_Australia|Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome Support Group Australia]]</ref> O tlhageletse mo ditshwantshong tsa motshikinyego di le dintsi tse dikhutshwane, go akaretsa le tsa QLife le [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_LGBTI_Health_Alliance National LGBTI Health Alliance],<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230410160013/https://oii.org.au/28856/bonnie-qlife/ Bonnie Hart talks about intersex".] [[:en:Organisation_Intersex_International_Australia|Organisation Intersex International Australia]]. 27 May 2015.</ref> le [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_Broadcasting_Service SBS].<ref>Copland, Simon (15 December 2016). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20170131201328/http://www.sbs.com.au/topics/sexuality/agenda/article/2016/12/15/medical-communitys-approach-intersex-people-still-primarily-focused-normalising The medical community's approach to intersex people is still primarily focused on 'normalising' surgeries".] SBS. Retrieved 19 January 2017.</ref><ref>"[http://www.starobserver.com.au/news/national-news/new-south-wales-news/senate-committee-wants-end-to-intersex-sterilisation/111708 Senate Committee wants end to intersex sterilisation"]. [[:en:Star_Observer|Star Observer]]. 29 October 2013. Retrieved 16 May 2016</ref><ref>Busby, Cec (28 October 2013). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20160115130147/http://gaynewsnetwork.com.au/news/intersex-advocates-address-findings-of-senate-committee-into-involuntary-sterilisation-12237.html Intersex advocates address findings of Senate Committee into involuntary sterilisation".] Gay News Network. Archived from [http://gaynewsnetwork.com.au/news/intersex-advocates-address-findings-of-senate-committee-into-involuntary-sterilisation-12237.html the original] on 15 January 2016. Retrieved 20 January 2017.</ref> mme o botsolotswa thata, go akaretsa le mo thelebišeneng ya bosetšhaba.<ref>Skinner, Anthea (24 June 2011). "[http://www.abc.net.au/rampup/articles/2011/06/24/3252808.htm Intersex conditions; a social paradox".] [[:en:Australian_Broadcasting_Corporation|Australian Broadcasting Corporation]] Ramp Up</ref><ref>Chaleyer, Rani (10 March 2015). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20150705044518/http://www.sbs.com.au/news/thefeed/story/intersex-i-lgbti Intersex: in the LGBTI"]. [[:en:Special_Broadcasting_Service|SBS The Feed]]. Archived from [http://www.sbs.com.au/news/thefeed/story/intersex-i-lgbti the original] on 5 July 2015. Retrieved 20 January 2017.</ref> == Dibuka tse di tlhophilweng == == .Jones, Tiffany; Hart, Bonnie; Carpenter, Morgan; Ansara, Gavi; Leonard, William; Lucke, Jayne(2016).[https://web.archive.org/web/20160914152729/http://oii.org.au/wp-content/uploads/key/Intersex-Stories-Statistics-Australia.pdf Intersex Stories and Statistics from Australia](PDF).Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers. ISBN 978-1-78374-208-0. Achieved from [http://oii.org.au/wp-content/uploads/key/Intersex-Stories-Statistics-Australia.pdf the original].''(PDF). Retrieved 2 February 2016'' == == Go amogelwa == Ka ngwaga wa 2016, [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/SX_News Gay News Network] ya Australia e ne ya akaretsa Hart mo "batho ba LGBTI ba ba tshwanetseng go lebelelwa thata ka 2017."<ref>Domingo, Reg (9 December 2016). "[http://gaynewsnetwork.com.au/feature/25-lgbti-australians-to-watch-in-2017-22588.html 25 LGBTI people to watch in 2017".] [[:en:SX_News|Gay News Network]]. Retrieved 19 January 2017[[:en:Wikipedia:Link_rot|.[dead link]]]</ref> == Metswedi == <references /> == Dikgolagano tsa kwa ntle == * [http://isupport.org.au/] 3lyl9r3t8yav7l6he5cu53gik8r4im0 0 9453 55333 35726 2026-09-23T02:45:08Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55333 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Carla Meninsky''' ke motlhami wa bogologolo wa metshameko ya ditshwantsho tsa motshikinyego le morulaganyi yo o neng a dira ka dingwaga tsa ntlha tsa [[:en:Atari_2600|Atari VCS]] <ref>Fulton, Steve (August 21, 2008). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20160303225252/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/3766/atari_the_golden_years__a_.php?page=18 Atari: The Golden Years — A History, 1978–1981]". ''[[:en:Gamasutra|Gamasutra]]''. Retrieved December 4, 2010</ref>ga mmogo  le [[:en:Carol_Shaw|Carol Shaw]] (mmopi wa [[:en:3D_tic-tac-toe#Computer_implementations|3-D Tic-Tac-Toe]] le [[:en:River_Raid|River Raid]]), Meninsky e ne e le mongwe wa maenjenere ba basadi ba le bararo kwa [[:en:Atari,_Inc.|Atari, Inc]]. go tlhabolola dikhatereji<ref>[[:en:Chris_Crawford_(game_designer)|Crawford, Chris]] (2003). [[iarchive:chriscrawfordong00craw_0/page/223|''Chris Crawford on Game Design''.]] New Riders Games. pp[[iarchive:chriscrawfordong00craw_0/page/223|. 223, 437]]. [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-13-146099-4|ISBN <bdi>0-13-146099-4</bdi>.]]</ref> . Moragonyana o ne a nna mmueledi wa thoto ya botlhale. == Tshimologo Ya Botshelo == Mmaagwe  Meninsky e ne e le morulaganyi mme fela Carla ene  o ne a ithuta go dira dithulaganyo kwa sekolong se segolwane, o ne a tlogela go ithuta [[dipalo]] a bo a  simolola go ithuta [[:en:Neuropsychology|thutotlhaloganyo]] ya [[:en:Brain|boboko]] le go dira dimotlelara tsa boboko kwa [[:en:Stanford_University|Yunibesithing ya Stanford]]. Ka ntlha ya botaki jwa gagwe, Meninsky o ne a kgatlhegela thata ponelopele mme kwa bofelong a boela kwa go rulaganyeng le toro ya botshelo jotlhe ya go dira [[:en:Animation|didirisiwa tsa ditshwantsho.]]<ref name=":0">[https://willnicholes.com/2011/11/12/a-conversation-with-carla-meninsky/ "A conversation with Carla Meninsky]". ''willnicholes.com''. 12 November 2011. Retrieved 2023-02-10.</ref> O ne a simolola tiro ya gagwe ya kwa Yunibesithi kwa Stanford a ithuta dipalo mme kwa bofelong a fetogela mo go tsa thutotlhaloganyo ka gore e ne e utlwala e kgatlhisa<ref name=":0" /> go feta. O ne a ithuta [[:en:Fortran|Fortran]] ya motheo kwa sekolong se segolwane go tswa mo go mmaagwe, yo e neng e le morulaganyi, mme ka seno o ne a simolola go kgatlhegela ditshwantshiso tsa khomputara.<ref name=":0" /> == Atari, Inc. == Meninsky o ne a ikgolaganya le  Atari morago ga go aloga kwa Yunibesithing ya Stanford ka dikirii ya thutotlhaloganyo. Mo  [[:en:Atari_2600|Atari 2600]] o ne a kwala metshameko ya mabelo [[:en:Indy_500_(1977_video_game)|Indy 500]] le [[:en:Dodge_'Em|Dodge 'Em]] (e e tshwanang le ya 1979 [[:en:Head_On_(video_game)|Head On]] coin-op go tswa Sega), a 1981 port of Atari's [[:en:Warlords_(1980_video_game)|Warlords]], le 2600 version of [[:en:Star_Raiders|Star Raiders]] (e kwa tshimologong e neng e dirilwe ke [[:en:Doug_Neubauer|Doug Neubauer]] mo [[:en:Atari_8-bit_computers|Atari 8-bit computer]])<ref name=":0" />. Moragonyana o ne a bereka mo sedirisiweng sa [[:en:Tempest_(video_game)|Tempest]] se se neng sa se ka sa ntshetswa mo bathong  mme go na le dikaelo tsa sone.<ref>Yarusso, Albert. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20121016082815/http://www.atariage.com/programmer_page.html?ProgrammerID=37 Programmers: Carla Meninsky".] ''[[:en:AtariAge|AtariAge]]''. Archived from [http://www.atariage.com/programmer_page.html?ProgrammerID=37 the original] on October 16, 2012. Retrieved December 3, 2010</ref> == Go dira molao == Meninsky o ne a berekela [[:en:Electronic_Arts|Electronic Arts]] (EA) le bagatisi ba bangwe ba metshameko mme kwa bofelong a simolola Komponi ee leng  ya gagwe e e atlegileng ya go dira dithulaganyo tsa dikonteraka. Fa a ntse a kwala dikonteraka le go bona ditshwanelo tsa [[:en:Intellectual_property|thoto ya botlhale]] di tlhokomologiwa ke dikompone tse dingwe, o ne a simolola go kgatlhegela molao wa thoto ya botlhale<ref name=":0" />. Meninsky o alogile kwa [[:en:George_Washington_University|George Washington University]] Law School mme jaanong o dira molao wa thoto ya botlhalefi<ref>Meninsky, Carla. "[http://137.250.121.216/research/general_projects/completed_projects/meninsky_computer/ Computer Programs and Copyright: Using Technological Measures to Lock out Competition]". Munich Intellectual Property Law Center. Retrieved 2011-03-27.[permanent dead link]</ref>. Jaaka Molekane wa Lenaneo la Ditshono tsa Kgatlhego ya Setšhaba wa [[:en:Electronic_Privacy_Information_Center|EPIC]], Meninsky o ne a neela bosupi fa pele ga [[:en:United_States_Senate|U.S. Senate]] ka ngwaga wa 2002.<ref>Rotenberg, Marc; Meninsky, Carla. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20201117164922/https://epic.org/privacy/biometrics/testimony_071802.html EPIC Statement on Biometrics and Identify Theft".] Electronic Privacy Information Center. Archived from [https://epic.org/privacy/biometrics/testimony_071802.html the original] on 2020-11-17. Retrieved 2011-03-27</ref> == Dikgatiso == Meninsky, Carla. "[http://repository.jmls.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1127&context=jitpl Locked Out: The New Hazards of Reverse Engineering]". ''The John Marshall Journal of Computer & Information Law Vol. XXI Summer 2003 No. 4''. Retrieved 2015-05-23. == Metswedi == 88wmvez1kwax089qexhev15zsz27yph 0 9488 55354 44711 2026-09-23T05:43:23Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55354 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography|name=Frida Maanum|image=Fridamaanum arsenal.jpg|caption=Maanum playing for Arsenal in 2024.|full_name=Frida Leonhardsen Maanum|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=yes|1999|7|16}}|birth_place=[[Oslo]], [[Norway]]|height=1.73 m|position=[[Midfielder]], [[Defender (association football)|defender]]|currentclub=[[Arsenal W.F.C.|Arsenal]]|clubnumber=12|clubs1=[[Lyn Fotball Damer|Lyn]]|years1=2014–2016|goals1=8|clubs2=[[Stabæk Fotball Kvinner|Stabæk]]|years2=2017|goals2=2|clubs3=[[Linköpings FC|Linköping]]|years3=2017–2021|goals3=19|clubs4=[[Arsenal W.F.C.|Arsenal]]|years4=2021–|goals4=15|nationalteam1=Norway U16|nationalyears1=2014–2015|nationalgoals1=3|nationalteam2=[[Norway women's national under-17 football team|Norway U17]]|nationalyears2=2014–2016|nationalgoals2=5|nationalteam3=[[Norway women's national under-19 football team|Norway U19]]|nationalyears3=2016–2017|nationalgoals3=1|nationalteam4=Norway U23|nationalyears4=2017|nationalgoals4=0|nationalteam5=[[Norway women's national football team|Norway]]|nationalyears5=2017–|nationalgoals5=14}} '''Frida Leonhardsen Maanum''' (yo o tshotsweng ka Phukwi a le lesome le borataro ka 1999) ke motshameki wa kgwele ya dinao e e porofeshionale wa moNorway yo o tshamekang fa gare kana kwa morago mo setlhopheng sa Women's Super League sa [[Arsenal W.F.C.|Arsenal]] le sa bosetshaba sa Norway. == Tiro ya setlhopha == <big>'''Lyn'''</big> Maanum o tshamekile kgwele ya dinao ya banana kwa Bærumløkka, Stabæk, kgabagare a ya Lyn.<ref>"[https://www.gunners.no/artikler/2021/juli/norske-frida-klar-for-arsenal/ Norske Frida klar for Arsenal]". ''www.gunners.no''. Retrieved 30 January 2023.</ref> O ne a le leloko la setlhopha se se neng se na le talente ebile se itebagantse le dingwaga tse di rileng kwa Lyn, ene le Heidi Ellingsen le Andrea Wilmann, fa gare ga ba bangwe. Ba ne ba fenya Dana Cup le Norway Cup ka 2014.<ref>Jacobsen, Arild (3 August 2014). "[https://www.nettavisen.no/12-95-3423125104 Lyns finalehelt drømmer om Tyskland]". ''Nettavisen'' (in Norwegian). Retrieved 30 January 2023.</ref> Ka dikgakologo ngwaga wa 2014, a simolola mo setlhopheng sa ntlha sa Lyn kwa Toppserien. <big>'''Stabæk'''</big> Ka 2017, Maanum a tlogela Lyn go ya kwa Stabæk. O ne a le mo metshamekong ya bone yotlhe pele ga go begiwa fa a feditse phudugo go ya kwa setlhopheng sa Damallsvenskan sa Linköping morago fela ga sephatlo sa setlha le Stabæk.<ref>"[https://www.stabak.no/nyheter/frida-maanum-til-linkoping-fc Frida Maanum til Linköping FC]". ''Stabæk'' (in Norwegian Bokmål). Retrieved 30 January 2023.</ref> <big>'''Linköping'''</big> Fa a le dingwaga di le lesome le boferabobedi, Maanum a ya kwa setlhopheng sa Swedish sa Linköping.O ne a ya go fenya bosimega jwa 2017 Damallsvenskan mo setlheng sa gagwe sa ntlha.<ref>"[https://www.vg.no/i/QpqOR Minde og Maanum svenske seriemestere: – Over all forventning]". ''www.vg.no'' (in Norwegian Bokmål). 29 October 2017. Retrieved 30 January 2023.</ref> Maanum ka bonako ya nna motshameki wa tlhwatlhwa, mme ka setlha sa 2020–21 a bidiwa e le mokapotene was setlhopha a le dingwaga tse masome a mabedi le bongwe. O ne a tshwaya iponagatso ya bofelo le setlhopha seo ka nno mo phenyong ya 4–1 kgatlhanong le Örebro.<ref>"[https://www.svt.se/sport/fotboll/linkoping-orebro-damallsvenskan Frida Leonhardsen-Maanum målskytt i sista matchen]". 28 June 2021.</ref> Ka Motsheganong wa 2021, lekwaladikgang la kwa gae la ''Corren'' la mmaya mo maemong a bo lesome le bone fa ba bitsa batshameki ba ba masome a mararo ba ba gaisang ba ba kileng ba tshamekela Linköping.<ref>"[https://corren.se/bli-prenumerant/artikel/r9125kxl RANKING: LFC:s bästa spelare genom tiderna, plats 11-20]". ''corren.se''. Retrieved 30 January 2023.</ref> <big>'''Arsenal'''</big> [[Setshwantsho:IK Uppsala - Linköpings FC - 2020-09-27 Frida Leonhardsen Maanum 3.jpg|thumb|Maanum during [[:en:Linköpings_FC|Linköping's]] match against [[:en:IK_Uppsala_Fotboll|IK Uppsala]] on September 27, 2020.]] '''Setlha sa 2021–22''' Ka Phukwi a le masome a mabedi le bosupa 2012, bagaka ba Women's Super League, [[Arsenal W.F.C.|Arsenal]], ba rurifatsa go saeniwa ga ga Maanum.<ref>McKenzie, Courtney (27 July 2021). "[https://herfootballhub.com/arsenal-women-announce-the-signing-of-frida-maanum/ Arsenal announce the signing of Frida Maanum]". ''Her Football Hub''. Retrieved 30 August 2021.</ref><ref>"[https://www.vg.no/i/17J57l Frida Maanum klar for Arsenal: – Kult å måle seg mot de beste]". ''www.vg.no'' (in Norwegian Bokmål). 27 July 2021. Retrieved 30 January 2023.</ref> Ka bonako o ne a itlhoma e le motshameki yo o kgatlhisang. Ka Phalane a le ga tlhano, Maanum a nosa nno ya gagwe ya ntlha ya Arsenal mo motshamekong wa Champions League kgatlhanong le Barcelona.<ref>"[https://www.vg.no/i/a74nda Første Arsenal-scoring for Maanum i stortap]". ''www.vg.no'' (in Norwegian Bokmål). 5 October 2021. Retrieved 30 January 2023.</ref> Sedimonthole a le lesome le bobedi, Maanum a tswa kwa bankeng mme a nosa nno tse pedi mo phenyong ya 4–0 kgatlhanong le Leicester City.<ref>"[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/59536719 Arsenal extend lead against Leicester]". ''BBC Sport''. Retrieved 10 August 2023.</ref> Le fa a ne a simolotse a tuka malakabe jalo, nako ya gagwe ya go tshameka e ne ya fokotsega mo sephatlong sa bobedi sa setlha seo.<ref name=":0">Bosher, Luke. "[https://theathletic.com/3490527/2022/06/01/pfa-womens-young-player-of-the-year-lauren-hemp-lauren-james-ella-toone-nominated/ Hemp, Toone up for PFA young player award]". ''The Athletic''. Retrieved 30 January 2023.</ref> Le fa go le jalo, o ne a kaiwa mo tlotleng ya motshameki yo monnye wa ngwaga mo setlheng sa Women's Super League sa 2021–22.<ref name=":0" /> '''Setlha sa 2022–23''' Ka Phalane a le lesome le boferabongwe ka 2022, Maanum o ne a fiwa tshimologo ya gagwe ya ntlha ya setlha mo motshamekong wa Champion's League wa Arsenal kgatlhanong le basireletse ba sejana seo Lyon, mme a tsena mo banosing ba dino mo phenyong ya kgatelelo ya 5–1 ya the Gunners.<ref>"[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/63307954 Superb Arsenal thrash Champions League holders Lyon]". ''BBC Sport''. Retrieved 10 August 2023.</ref> Malatsi a le mane go tswa foo, ka Phalane a le masome a mabedi le boraro, Maanum a nosa nno ya gagwe ya ntlha ya liki ya setlha mo phenyong ya 2–0 kwantle kkgatlhanong le Liverpool.<ref>"[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/63274099 Arsenal beat Liverpool for 12th WSL win in a row]". ''BBC Sport''. Retrieved 10 August 2023.</ref> Moragonyana o ne a tlhophiwa e le motshameki wa kgwedi ya October 2022 wa Arsenal.<ref>"[https://www.arsenal.com/news/maanum-voted-october-player-month Maanum voted October Player of the Month]". ''Maanum voted October Player of the Month''. 14 November 2022. Retrieved 10 August 2023.</ref> Ka Sedimonthole a le masome a mabedi le bongwe, a nosa dino tse tharo ebile a dira le thuso mo phenyong ya 9–1 mo legatong la ditlhophana kgatlhanong le Zürich mo Champions League, a ikgapela tlotla ya motshameki yo o gaisitseng mo motshamekong o o.<ref>"[https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11095/12772640/zurich-women-1-9-arsenal-women-frida-maanum-stina-blackstenius-and-caitlin-foord-star-as-gunners-top-womens-champions-league-group Zurich Women 1-9 Arsenal Women: Frida Maanum, Stina Blackstenius and Caitlin Foord star as Gunners top Women's Champions League group]". ''Sky Sports''. Retrieved 10 August 2023.</ref> Ka Firikgong a le masome a mabedi le borataro 2023, Maanum a nosa gabedi mo phenyong ya 3–0 kgatlhanong le Aston Villa mo Conti Cup. O ne a tlhophiwa e le motshameki wa kgwedi ya Firikgong 2023 wa Arsenal.<ref>"[https://www.arsenal.com/news/frida-maanum-named-januarys-player-month Frida Maanum named January's Player of the Month]". ''Frida Maanum named January's Player of the Month''. 9 February 2023. Retrieved 10 August 2023.</ref> Ka Mopitlo a le ga tlhano, Maanum a tshameka metsotso yotlhe e le masome a ferabongwe mo phenyong ya Arsenal ya 3–1 mo koping ya Conti kgatlhanong le diselammapa tsa kwa Lontone ebong Chelsea.<ref>"[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/64826554 Arsenal beat Chelsea to win first trophy in four years]". ''BBC Sport''. Retrieved 10 August 2023.</ref> Ka Mopitlo a le masome a mabedi le botlhano, Maanum a nosa nno ya botlhano ya Arsenal mo phenyong ya bone ya 5–1 kgatlhanong le Tottenham Hotspur mo Derby ya bone ya bokone jwa Lontone.<ref>"[https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11095/12842108/tottenham-women-1-5-arsenal-women-caitlin-foord-and-kim-little-shine-in-ruthless-gunners-victory Tottenham Women 1-5 Arsenal Women: Caitlin Foord and Kim Little shine in ruthless Gunners victory]". ''Sky Sports''. Retrieved 10 August 2023.</ref> Malatsi a le mararo a a latelang Mopitlo a le malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boferabongwe, Maanum a nosa nno e e kgatlhisang go tswa kwa ntle ga lebokoso, a thusa Arsenal go fenya 2–0 (2–1 palogotlhe) mo legatong la bobedi kgatlhanong le Bayern Munich, ebile a bonela Arsenal phatlha kwa sekamakgaolakgannyeng a Champions League.<ref>"[https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11095/12843494/arsenal-2-0-bayern-munich-2-1-aggregate-frida-maanum-and-stina-blackstenius-earn-gunners-champions-league-semi-final-spot Arsenal 2-0 Bayern Munich (2-1 aggregate): Frida Maanum and Stina Blackstenius earn Gunners Champions League semi-final spot]". ''Sky Sports''. Retrieved 10 August 2023.</ref> Nno yeo e ne ya re moragonyana ya tlhophiwa ke barati ba kgwele ya dinao e le kgwele ya setlha sa UEFA Women's Champions League.<ref>UEFA.com (9 June 2023). "[https://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/news/0282-1836eba31f4f-a5f7b3392d44-1000--arsenal-s-frida-maanum-tops-fan-vote-for-best-goal-of-2022-2/ Arsenal's Frida Maanum tops fan vote for best goal of 2022/23 UEFA Women's Champions League | UEFA Women's Champions League]". ''UEFA.com''. Retrieved 10 August 2023.</ref> Ka Moranang a le gabedi, Maanum a nosa nno ya botlhokwa go lekalekanya dino mo motshamekong wa Arsenal wa kwa gae kgatlhanong le Manchester City, o Arsenal e ileng ya o fenya ka nno tse pedi go e nngwe.<ref>"[https://www.skysports.com/football/news/37014/12845053/arsenal-2-1-manchester-city-katie-mccabe-stunner-lifts-gunners-firmly-into-title-picture Arsenal 2-1 Manchester City: Katie McCabe stunner lifts Gunners firmly into WSL title picture]". ''Sky Sports''. Retrieved 10 August 2023.</ref> Maanum o feditse setlha seo ka palo gotlhe ya dino di le lesome le borataro le dithuso di le tlhano mo dikgaisanyong tsotlhe.<ref>"[https://fbref.com/en/players/fb583d6d/Frida-Maanum Frida Maanum Stats, Goals, Records, Assists, Cups and more]". ''FBref.com''. Retrieved 10 August 2023.</ref> O fentse tlotla ya barotloetsi ba Arsenal Women ya motshameki wa setlha,<ref>"[https://arseblog.news/2023/05/frida-maanum-voted-as-arsenal-womens-player-of-the-season/ Frida Maanum voted as Arsenal Women's Player of the Season | Arseblog News - the Arsenal news site]". 28 May 2023. Retrieved 10 August 2023.</ref> ebile o ne a tlhophiwa mo go tsa motshameki wa setlha wa Arsenal<ref>"[https://www.arsenal.com/news/decide-our-womens-player-season-2023 Decide our 2022/23 Women's Player of the Season]". ''Decide our 2022/23 Women's Player of the Season''. 23 May 2023. Retrieved 10 August 2023.</ref> le ya Women's Super League ya motshameki wa setlha.<ref>"[https://www.arsenal.com/news/frida-maanum-wsl-player-season Frida Maanum up for WSL Player of the Season]". ''Frida Maanum up for WSL Player of the Season''. 19 May 2023. Retrieved 10 August 2023.</ref> Ka Seetebosigo a rogwa ka 2023, morago ga letsholo la bobedi le le tsabakelang, go ne ga begiwa fa Maanum a saenne tumalano e ntsha ya lebaka le le leele le setlhopha seo.<ref>"[https://www.arsenal.com/news/frida-maanum-signs-new-contract Frida Maanum signs new contract]". ''Frida Maanum signs new contract''. 1 June 2023. Retrieved 15 August 2023.</ref> '''Setlha sa 2023–24''' Ka Ngwanatsele a le lesome le boferabongwe 2023, Maanum a nosa nno ya gagwe ya ntlha ya liki ya setlha mo phenyong ya 3–0 kwa ntle kgatlhanong le Brighton.<ref>"[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/67394907 Arsenal see off Brighton for fifth WSL win in row]". ''BBC Sport''. Retrieved 19 November 2023.</ref> Ka Sedimonthole wa 2023, o ne a fenya tlotla ya motshameki wa ngwaga wa Football Supporters' Association.<ref>"[https://www.arsenal.com/news/frida-maanum-named-fsa-womens-player-year Frida Maanum named FSA Women's Player of the Year]". ''Frida Maanum named FSA Women's Player of the Year''. 23 December 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2023.</ref> Ka Mopitlo a le masome a mabedi le bone 2024, Maanum o ne a wa a le kgakala le kgwele ka makgaolakgang a 2023-2024 FA Women's League Cup.<ref>"[https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/frida-maanum-arsenal-chelsea-womens-league-cup-final-b2521325.html Arsenal player Frida Maanum collapses during Women's League Cup final]". ''The Independent''. 31 March 2024. Retrieved 31 March 2024.</ref> O ne a fiwa phefo mo tiragalong morago ga a sena go nna metsotso e ferabongwe faatshe, pele ga a kukiwa ka lepara a ntshiwa. Arsenal morago e ne ya bega gore o 'tlhantse, o a bua ebile o ritibetse'.<ref>"[https://www.skysports.com/football/news/37020/13105552/arsenals-frida-maanum-collapses-off-ball-during-conti-cup-final Frida Maanum: Arsenal midfielder Frida Maanum is in "a stable condition" after collapsing during Sunday's Women's League Cup final win against Chelsea. The 24-year-old Norway international received oxygen through a mask and was eventually carried off on a stretcher after being treated for around seven minutes]". ''Sky Sports''. 31 March 2024. Retrieved 1 April 2024.</ref> Ka Moranang a le mane, Arsenal netefatsa fa a tseneletse ditekeletso tse dintsi mme ebile go supa fa go sena mathata a pelo a a itshupileng. Maanum o ne a tsenngwa sedirisiwa se se bayang leitlho go bereka ga pelo ya gagwe mme a letelelwa go tsenelela go boela kwa ikatisong mo bekeng e le nngwe fela, pele ga go tsewa tshwetso ya gore o tlaa boela leng go tshameka.<ref>"[https://www.arsenal.com/news/update-frida-maanum Update on Frida Maanum]". ''Update on Frida Maanum''. 6 April 2024. Retrieved 4 April 2024.</ref> == Tiro ya boditshabatshaba == Fa a le dingwaga di le lesome le bosupa, Maanum o ne a tlhophiwa go emela setlhopha se segolo sa bosetshaba sa Norway kwa 2017 Euros.<ref>"[https://int.soccerway.com/players/frida-maanum/379669/ Norway – F. Maanum – Profile with news, career statistics and history – Soccerway]". ''www.soccerway.com''.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20170714235135/http://www.uefa.com/womenseuro/season=2017/teams/player=250078059/index.html Frida Maanum – Norway – WEURO]". ''UEFA.com''.</ref><ref>Sandberg, Fredrik Økstad; Ihle, Marthe (28 June 2017). "[https://www.dagbladet.no/sport/17-aring-med-i-kvinnelandslagets-em-tropp/68236133 17-åring med i kvinnelandslagets EM-tropp]". ''dagbladet.no'' (in Norwegian). Retrieved 30 January 2023</ref> Mo nakong eo, o ne a tshamekile metshameko e le lesome fela kwa seemong se se kwa godimo kwa Norway. Maanum o simolotse motshameko wa gagwe wa ntlha ka Phukwi a le lesome le bongwe 2017, fa a simolola motshameko kgatlhanong le France. Pele ga beke e wela moragonyana ga foo, Maanum a neelwa tshimololo e nngwe mo motshamekong wa pulamadibogo wa Norway wa Euros, o o neng o le kgatlhanong le Netherlands, lefatshe le le neng le tshegeditse kgaisanyo eo.<ref>Ertesvåg, Oda Ruggesæter (16 July 2017). "[https://www.nrk.no/sport/frida-maanum-em-debuterer-pa-18-arsdagen-1.13604348 Frida Maanum EM-debuterer på 18-årsdagen]". ''NRK'' (in Norwegian Bokmål). Retrieved 30 January 2023.</ref> Ka Phalane a le masome a mabedi le bosupa ka 2020, Maanum a nosa nno e e neng e fenya motshameko kgatlhanong le Wales, e e neng ya dira gore Norway e iponne phatlha kwa 2022 Euros.<ref>"[https://www.theguardian.com/football/2020/oct/27/wales-norway-women-euro-2022-qualifier-match-report Frida Maanum takes Women's Euro 2022 qualification out of Wales's hands]". ''[[:en:TheGuardian.com|TheGuardian.com]]''. 27 October 2020.</ref> O ne a bidiwa go ya kwa setlhopheng sa Norway sa sejana sa lefatshe sa 2019 le 2022 Euros.<ref>Fotballforbund, Norges. "[https://www.fotball.no/landslag/norge-a-kvinner/2019/her-er-norges-vm-tropp/ Her er Norges VM-tropp]". ''www.fotball.no'' (in Norwegian). Retrieved 30 January 2023.</ref><ref>AS, TV 2 (7 June 2022). "[https://www.tv2.no/sport/fotball/dette-er-norges-tropp-til-em-gar-for-medalje/14848557/ Dette er Norges tropp til EM - går for medalje]". ''TV 2'' (in Norwegian). Retrieved 30 January 2023.</ref> Ka Ngwanatsele a le lesome le botlhano 2022, Maanum a nosa nno ya tekatekanyo mo motshamekong wa botsalano kgatlhanong le Enyelane.<ref>Downey, Sophie (15 November 2022). "[https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/nov/15/england-norway-womens-international-friendly England end 2022 unbeaten but Norway battle back for draw despite red card]". ''The Guardian''. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [[issn:0261-3077|0261-3077]]. Retrieved 25 February 2023.</ref> Ka Seetebosigo a le lesome le boferabongwe, Maanum o ne a akarediwa mo setlhopheng sa Norway sa sejana sa lefatshe sa FIFA sa bomme sa 2023.<ref>Humphreys, Jessy Parker (6 June 2023). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20240113000906/https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/norway-women-world-cup-2023-squad-team-roster-players Norway Women's World Cup 2023 squad: full 23-player team]". ''fourfourtwo.com''. Retrieved 20 June 2023.</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Maanum o mo botsalanong le motshameki kgwele ya dinao wa moSwedish ebile e le motshameki ka ene wa pele kwa Linköping, Emma Lennartsson.<ref>AS, TV 2 (6 September 2023). "[https://www.tv2.no/sport/haper-det-blir-bra/16020685/ - Håper det blir bra]". ''TV 2'' (in Norwegian Bokmål). Retrieved 1 April 2024.</ref> == Dipalopalo tsa tiro == === Setlhopha === : ''Go ema ka Motsheganong a le lesome le boferabobedi 2024'' '''Iponagatso le dinno ka setlhopha, setlha le dikgaisanyo''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Setlhopha ! rowspan="2" |Setlha ! colspan="3" |Liki ! colspan="2" |Kopi ! colspan="2" |Tsa kontinente ! colspan="2" |Palogotlhe |- !Division !Diponagalo !Dinno !Diponagalo !Dinno !Diponagalo !Dinno !Diponagalo !Dinno |- | rowspan="4" |Lyn |2014 | rowspan="3" |1. divisjon |7 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |7 |0 |- |2015 |20 |4 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |– |21 |4 |- |2016 |18 |4 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |18 |4 |- ! colspan="2" |Palogotlhe !45 !8 !1 !0 !0 !0 !46 !8 |- |Stabæk |2017 |Toppserien |11 |2 |2 |1 | colspan="2" |– |13 |3 |- | rowspan="6" |Linköping |2017 | rowspan="5" |Damallsvenskan |6 |1 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |– |7 |1 |- |2018 |22 |5 |6 |2 |6 |0 |34 |7 |- |2019 |22 |6 |2 |0 |3 |2 |27 |8 |- |2020 |20 |7 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |20 |7 |- |2021 |0 |0 |1 |1 | colspan="2" |– |1 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Palogotlhe !70 !19 !10 !3 !9 !2 !89 !24 |- | rowspan="4" |Arsenal |2021–22 | rowspan="3" |FA WSL |21 |3 |5 |0 |12 |1 |38 |4 |- |2022–23 |22 |9 |5 |2 |11 |5 |38 |16 |- |2023–24 |21 |3 |9 |5 |2 |0 |32 |8 |- ! colspan="2" |Palogotlhe !64 !15 !19 !7 !25 !6 !108 !28 |- ! colspan="3" |Palogotlhe ya tiro !190 !44 !32 !11 !34 !8 !256 !63 |} '''Tsa boditshabatshaba''' : ''Dinno le lenaane la phelelo ya palo gotlhe ya dinno tsa Norway pele, ya bobedi ke ye e supang dino tsotlhe tsa ga Maanum.'' {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Moalo wa dinno tsa boditshabatshaba tse di nositsweng ke Frida Maanum !No. !Letsatsi !Lefelo !Moganetsi !Dipalo !Pheleletso !Kgaisanyo |- |1 |3 September 2019 |Brann Stadion, Bergen, Norway |England |1–1 |2–1 |motshameko wa botsalano |- |2 |8 October 2019 |Tórsvøllur, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands |Faroe Islands |9–0 |13–0 | rowspan="2" |UEFA Women's Euro 2022 qualifying |- |3 |27 October 2020 |Cardiff City Stadium, Cardiff, Wales |Wales |1–0 |1–0 |- |4 | rowspan="2" |25 November 2021 | rowspan="2" |Arena Kombëtare, Tirana, Albania | rowspan="2" |Albania |1–0 | rowspan="2" |7–0 | rowspan="4" |2023 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification |- |5 |5–0 |- |6 |30 November 2021 |Yerevan Football Academy Stadium, Yerevan, Armenia |Armenia |4–0 |10–0 |- |7 |7 April 2022 |Sandefjord Arena, Sandefjord, Norway |Kosovo |3–0 |5–1 |- |8 |7 July 2022 |St Mary's Stadium, Southampton, England |Northern Ireland |2–0 |4–1 |UEFA Women's Euro 2022 |- |9 |15 November 2022 |Pinatar Arena, Murcia, Spain |England |1–1 |1–1 | rowspan="3" |motshameko wa botsalano |- |10 | rowspan="2" |11 April 2023 | rowspan="2" |Gamla Ullevi, Gothenburg, Sweden | rowspan="2" |Sweden |1–1 | rowspan="2" |3–3 |- |11 |3–3 |- |12 |26 September 2023 |Estádio Cidade de Barcelos, Barcelos, Portugal |Portugal |1–0 |2–3 |2023–24 UEFA Women's Nations League |- |13 | rowspan="2" |27 February 2024 | rowspan="2" |Viking stadion, Stavanger, Norway | rowspan="2" |Croatia |4–0 | rowspan="2" |5–0 | rowspan="2" |2023–24 UEFA Women's Nations League play-offs |} == Ditlotla == '''Linköping''' * Damallsvenskan: 2017 '''Arsenal''' * FA Women's League Cup: 2022–23,<ref>Sanders, Emma (5 March 2023). "[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/64826554 Arsenal 3–1 Chelsea: Gunners fight back to win Women's League Cup final]". ''BBC Sport''. Retrieved 5 March 2023.</ref> 2023–24<ref>Smith, Emma (31 March 2024). "[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/68690506 Arsenal 1-0 Chelsea (AET): Stina Blackstenius secures League Cup glory in extra time]". ''BBC Sport''. Retrieved 31 March 2024.</ref> '''Norway''' * Algarve Cup: 2019 '''Individual''' * PFA Team of the Year: 2022–23 FA WSL<ref>"[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/66650727 Rachel Daly: Aston Villa forward wins PFA women's Player of the Year award]". BBC Sport. 29 August 2023. Retrieved 29 August 2023.</ref> * FSA Player of the Year: 2023 == Metswedi == mbmd62nxbaxqu9vb9n23nbgctwb7s0r 0 9494 55390 44694 2026-09-23T10:27:15Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55390 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography|name=Lia Wälti|image=20170717 WEURO AUT SUI 3962.jpg|caption=Wälti during a press conference with [[Switzerland women's national football team|Switzerland]] in 2017|full_name=Lia Joëlle Wälti<ref>{{cite web|title=List of Players – Switzerland|url=http://www.fifadata.com/document/FWWC/2015/pdf/FWWC_2015_SquadLists.pdf|publisher=[[FIFA]]|access-date=31 May 2015|page=22|date=30 May 2015|archive-date=28 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150528143625/http://www.fifadata.com/document/FWWC/2015/pdf/FWWC_2015_SquadLists.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>|birth_date={{Birth date and age|df=yes|1993|4|19}}|birth_place=[[Langnau im Emmental]], [[Canton of Bern|Bern]], Switzerland|height=1.67 m|position=[[Midfielder]]|currentclub=[[Arsenal W.F.C.|Arsenal]]|clubnumber=13|years1=2008–2009|clubs2=[[BSC YB Frauen|YB Frauen]]|years2=2009–2013|clubs3=[[Turbine Potsdam]]|years3=2013–2018|goals3=7|clubs4=[[Arsenal W.F.C.|Arsenal]]|years4=2018–2025|goals4=3|nationalyears1=2011–|nationalteam1=[[Switzerland women's national football team|Switzerland]]|nationalgoals1=5|clubs1=[[FC Köniz|Köniz]]}} '''Lia Joëlle Wälti''' (yo o tshotsweng ka Moranang a le lesome le boferabongwe 1993) ke motshameki wa kgwele ya dinao e e porofeshionale wa moSwiss yo o tshamekang fa gare wa setlhopha sa Women's Super League sa Arsenal le sa setshaba sa Switzerland. Ke mokapotene wa setlhopha sa setshaba sa Switzerland gape ele mokapotene wa bone wa Arsenal. E ne ele mokapotene wa setlhopha sa gagwe sa pele sa Turbine Potsdam. Pele ga a saena le Arsenal ka Phukwi wa 2018, o tshamekile seporofeshionale kwa setlhopheng sa Nationalliga A sa YB Frauen go tswa ka 2009 go ema ka 2013 le kwa setlhopheng sa Bundesliga sa Turbine Potsdam go tswa ka 2013 go ema ka 2018. E sale e nna leloko la setlhopha sa setshaba sa Switzerland go tloga ka Phatwe wa 2011.<ref>[http://www.football.ch/nm/de/Frauen_A-Team-portrait.aspx Profile] in the [[:en:Swiss_Football_Association|Swiss Football Association]]'s website</ref> Fa e le motshameki wa boditshabatshaba wa Under-19, o tshamekile kgaisano ya U-19 European Championship ya 2009<ref>[https://archive.today/20120708200415/http://en.archive.uefa.com/competitions/wunder19/fixturesresults/round=15226/match=2001214/index.html French and Swiss advance to semis]. UEFA</ref> le sejana sa lefatshe sa U-20 sa 2010.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100722121741/http://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/statisticsandrecords/players/player=321265/index.html Statistics] in [[:en:FIFA|FIFA]]'s website</ref> == Tiro ya setlhopha == '''<big>Tiro ya pele</big>''' Mo bongwaneng ja gagwe, Wälti o ne a tshameka hoki ya aese ga mmogo le kgwele ya dinao.<ref>"[https://arseblog.news/2021/07/arseblog-exclusive-interview-with-lia-walti-the-more-we-play-at-the-emirates-the-more-it-will-feel-like-home/ Arseblog Exclusive Interview with Lia Wälti- 'The more we play at the Emirates, the more it will feel like home.]'". 28 July 2021.</ref> Ka 2002, fa a le dingwaga diferabobedi, a simolola go tshameka kwa FC Langnau, setlhopha sa kgwele ya dinao ya basimane se se neng se katisiwa ke rraagwe. Ka 2007 o ne a dumelelwa kwa Huttwill Training Centre mme sephatlo sa ngwaga moragonyana, a ya kwa Team Bern West. Ka 2009 o ne a fudugela kwa BSC Young Boys kwa a neng a tshameka sebaka sa ngwaga mo setlhopheng sa basimane ba dingwaga tse di ka fa tlase ga lesome le borataro. '''<big>FC Köniz (2008–2009)</big>''' Mo nakong yone e a neng a tshamekela Team Bern West, Wälti o ne a ikgolaganya le FC Köniz ba liki ya Swiss Challenge. '''<big>BSC YB Frauen (2009–2013)</big>''' Ka 2009, Wälti a golagana le BSC YB Frauen kwa ka 2011 a ileng a fenya Nationalliga A. Mo ngwageng one o gape, a simolola go tshameka mo UEFA Women's Champions League.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20191228002339/https://www.uefa.com/teamsandplayers/players/player=250005999/profile/index.html Lia Wälti]".</ref> [[Setshwantsho:2015-09-13 1.FFC Frankfurt vs 1.FFC Turbine Potsdam Lia Wältli 004.jpg|left|thumb|Lia Wälti for Turbine Potsdam]] '''<big>Turbine Potsdam (2013–2018)</big>''' Ka 2013, Wälti a saena tumalano le 1. FFC Turbine Potsdam ya Frauen-Bundesliga.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20130730095804/http://www.bscyb.ch/news-detail.aspx?navi=4&detail=2043&pid=0 Lia Wälti wechselt zu Turbine Potsdam]". Archived from [https://www.bscyb.ch/news-detail.aspx?navi=4&detail=2043&pid=0 the original] on 30 July 2013.</ref> O ne a bewa mokapotene wa setlhopha seo mo setlheng sa gagwe sa bobedi mme a tshameka metshameko e le lekgolo le lesome fa gare ga dingwaga tsa 2013 le 2018. '''<big>Arsenal (2018–2025)</big>''' Morago ga go iponagatsa makgetlho a le lekgolo le lesome le setlhopha sa Jeremane, Wälti a saena tumalano le Arsenal ka Phukwi wa 2018.<ref>"[https://www.arsenal.com/news/lia-walti-joins-club Lia Walti joins the club]". 13 July 2023.</ref> Wälti o ne a nna le seabe se se tona mo setlheng sa 2018–2019 sa Arsenal e fenya liki ya WSL le fa a ne a tshamekile sephatlo sa setlha seo a sena go bona kgobalo ya LCL e e neng ya mmaya kwa ntle ga lebala dikgwedi di robabongwe ka Moranang wa 2019.<ref>"[http://dailycannon.com/2019/04/lia-walti-undergoes-knee-surgery-likely-out-9-months/ Lia Walti undergoes knee surgery, likely out 9 months]". 11 April 2019.</ref> O ne a akarediwa mo setlhopheng sa ngwaga sa PFA sa 2018-2019.<ref>"[https://www.arsenal.com/news/lia-walti-injury-update Lia Walti injury update]". 13 July 2023.</ref> Ka Sedimonthole a le lesome le boraro 2019, Wälti a saena tumalano e telele le setlhopha se.<ref>"[https://www.arsenal.com/news/lia-walti-commits-her-future-club Lia Walti commits her future to the club]". 13 July 2023.</ref> == Tiro ya boditshabatshaba == '''<big>Bonana</big>''' Wälti o tshamekile kwa kgaisanong ya U-17 European Championship ya 2008. Gape o tshameketse setlhopha sa Switzerland sa U19 ka 2008 le 2009. O ne a goroga kwa sekamakgaolakgannyeng a U-19 European Championship ka 2009. Ngwaga o o latelang, a golagana le setlhopha sa U-20 kwa metshamekong ya sejana sa lefatshe sa U-20 sa 2010. <big>'''Bogolo'''</big> Ka Phatlwe a le masome a mabedi le bongwe 2011, Wälti a simolola tshameko ya gagwe le setlhopha se segolo sa bosetshaba sa Switzerland mo motshamekong kgatlhanong le Scotland. Ka 2015, a tshameka sejana sa lefatshe. Ka 2019, morago ga go tlogela tiro gaga Lara Dickerman, a bitswa e le mokapotene. == Dipalopalo tsa tiro == '''<big>Setlhopha</big>''' : ''Go ema ka Firikgong a le masome a mabedi, 2024'' {| class="wikitable" |+Iponagatso le dino go ya ka setlhopha, setlha le kgaisano ! rowspan="2" |Setlhopha ! rowspan="2" |Setlha ! colspan="3" |Liki ! colspan="2" |Dikopi ! colspan="2" |Tsa kontinente ! colspan="2" |Palogotlhe |- !Karolo !Iponagatso !Dino !Iponagatso !Dino !Iponagatso !Dino !Iponagatso !Dino |- | rowspan="6" |Turbine Potsdam |2013–14 | rowspan="5" |Frauen-Bundesliga |19 |0 |1 |0 |6 |2 |26 |2 |- |2014–15 |20 |2 |5 |0 | colspan="2" |— |25 |2 |- |2015–16 |22 |3 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |— |25 |3 |- |2016–17 |15 |2 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |15 |2 |- |2017–18 |21 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |— |21 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Palogotlhe !97 !7 !12 !0 !6 !2 !110 !9 |- | rowspan="7" |Arsenal |2018–19 | rowspan="6" |WSL |12 |0 |5 |0 | colspan="2" |— |17 |0 |- |2019–20 |10 |0 |6 |1 |4 |0 |20 |1 |- |2020–21 |20 |0 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |— |23 |0 |- |2021–22 |20 |0 |3 |0 |8 |0 |31 |0 |- |2022–23 |18 |1 |2 |0 |11 |0 |31 |1 |- |2023–24 |10 |0 |1 |1 |2 |0 |13 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Palogotlhe !90 !1 !20 !2 !25 !0 !135 !3 |- ! colspan="3" |Palogotlhe ya Tiro !187 !8 !32 !2 !31 !2 !246 !12 |} '''<big>Boditshabatshaba</big>''' : ''Lenaane la dino le maduo a palogotlhe ya dino tsa Switzerland pele, molokololo wa dino o supa palo ya dino morago ga nno nngwe le nngwe ya ga Wälti.'' {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Lenaane la dino tsa boditshabatshaba tse di nositsweng ke Lia Wälti !No. !Letsatsi !Lefelo !Moganetse !Dino !Maduo !Kgaisano |- |1 |24 November 2017 |LIPO Park, Schaffhausen, Switzerland |Belarus |2–0 |3–0 |2019 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification |} == Ditlotla == '''BSC YB Frauen''' * Nationalliga A: 2010–11 '''Turbine Potsdam''' * maemo a bobedi mo DFB-Pokal Frauen : 2014–15 '''Arsenal''' * FA WSL: 2018–19<ref>"[https://www.arsenal.com/women/honours Women's Honours]". ''www.arsenal.com''. 13 July 2023.</ref> * FA Women's League Cup: 2022–23;<ref>Sanders, Emma (5 March 2023). "[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/64826554 Arsenal 3–1 Chelsea: Gunners fight back to win Women's League Cup final]". ''BBC Sport''. Retrieved 5 March 2023.</ref> maemo a bobedi: 2018–19, 2019–20 '''Tsa bonosi''' * setlhopha sa ngwaga sa PFA : 2018–19<ref>"[https://www.thepfa.com/news/2019/4/26/wsl-team-of-the-year PFA WSL TEAM OF THE YEAR]". ''www.thepfa.com''.</ref> * Swiss Female National Player: 2021,<ref>baumgartner.stefan. "[https://www.football.ch/sfv/nationalteams/a-team/news/https:/www.football.ch/sfv/nationalteams/a-team/news/virtuelle-auszeichnung-fuer-die-besten-des-jahres-2021.aspx Swiss Football Night: Virtuelle Auszeichnung für die Besten des Jahres 2021]". ''www.football.ch'' (in German). Retrieved 28 January 2022.</ref> 2023 == Metswedi == <references /> == External Links == * [https://int.soccerway.com/players/lia-waelti/135365/ Lia Wälti] at Soccerway [[Karolo:Ba ba tshelang]] hoeeufn6s7vrjwv0mysm09rmlra2vkk 0 9553 55404 41650 2026-09-23T11:56:44Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55404 wikitext text/x-wiki Maya Ray Thurman Hawke (o tshotswe ka di 8 Phukwi 1998<ref>Chestang, Raphael (February 21, 2017). "Uma Thurman Opens Up About the 'Worst Decision' She's Made in Turning Down a Role". ''Entertainment Tonight''. Archived from the original on February 5, 2018. Retrieved February 5, 2018.[http://www.etonline.com/movies/211045_uma_thurman_opens_up_about_the_worst_decision_she_made_turning_down_a_role]</ref>) ke motshameki wa mo Amerika le moopedi le {{Infobox person|name=Maya Hawke|image=Maya Hawke 2019 by Glenn Francis.jpg|alt=Maya Hawke attending the premiere of Once Upon a Time in Hollywood in 2019|caption=Maya Hawke in 2019|birth_name=Maya Ray Thurman Hawke|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1998|7|8}}|birth_place=[[New York City]], U.S.|education=[[Juilliard School]]|occupation={{hlist|Actress|singer-songwriter}}|years active=2016–present<ref>{{cite web|title=Maya Hawke Stars in AllSaints Fashion Campaign|author=Marissa O. Miller|publisher=[[Teen Vogue]]|year=2016|url=https://www.teenvogue.com/story/maya-hawke-allsaints-campaign-uma-thurman-daughter|accessdate=2024-02-09}}</ref>|mother=[[Uma Thurman]]|father=[[Ethan Hawke]]|relatives={{Plainlist| * [[Levon Hawke]] (brother) * [[Robert Thurman]] (maternal grandfather) * [[Nena von Schlebrügge]] (maternal grandmother) | website = | label = [[Mom + Pop Music|Mom + Pop]] }}}} mokwadi wa dipina. Ke morwadia batshameki ba Hollywood Ethan Hawke le Uma Thurman. O simolotse tiro yagagwe ya go nna mmotlelara, mme morago ga moo o ne a simolola go tlhagelela mo sekirining jaaka Jo March mo thulaganyong ya 2017 ya BBC ya Little Women. Hawke o itsege thata ka go tshameka karolo ya Robin Buckley mo motseletseleng wa Netflix wa ditlhamane tsa saense Stranger Things (2019 -present), mme o tlhageletse mo difiliming tsa Once Upon a Time in Hollywood (2019), Fear Street Part One: 1994 (2021), Do Revenge (2022), le Asteroid City (2023). Jaaka seopedi, o ntshitse alebamo ya Blush (2020) le Moss (2022). == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Hawke o belegwe ka July 8, 1998,<ref>Chestang, Raphael (February 21, 2017). "Uma Thurman Opens Up About the 'Worst Decision' She's Made in Turning Down a Role". ''Entertainment Tonight''. Archived from the original on February 5, 2018. Retrieved February 5, 2018.[http://www.etonline.com/movies/211045_uma_thurman_opens_up_about_the_worst_decision_she_made_turning_down_a_role]</ref> kwa New York City, e le ene yo mogolo mo baneng ba le babedi ba ba belegweng ke batshameki Ethan Hawke le Uma Thurman.<ref>Markes, Olivia (December 26, 2017). "Maya Hawke On Little Women And Following Her Parents Footsteps". ''Vogue''. Archived from the original on December 26, 2017. Retrieved December 26, 2017.[https://www.vogue.co.uk/article/maya-hawke-on-little-women-and-following-her-parents-footsteps]</ref>Batsadi ba gagwe ba ne ba kopana mo seting sa Gattaca (1997), ba nyalana ka Motsheganong 1998,<ref>Cheng, Kipp; Chang, Suna (May 15, 1998). "Monitor". ''Entertainment Weekly''. Archived from the original on December 27, 2017. Retrieved March 28, 2011.[https://web.archive.org/web/20171227235659/http://ew.com/article/1998/05/15/monitor-228/]</ref> mme ba tlhalana ka 2005.<ref>Silverman, Stephen M. (October 7, 2005). "Uma Calls Split from Ethan 'Excruciating'". ''People''. Archived from the original on March 4, 2014. Retrieved July 17, 2013.[https://web.archive.org/web/20140304134039/http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,1115532,00.html]</ref>Hawke o na le morwarraagwe.<ref>Blair, Olivia (January 21, 2020). "Uma Thurman Attended The Dior Show With Her Grown Up Son And We Can See The Resemblance". ''Elle''. Archived from the original on March 20, 2022. Retrieved April 19, 2020.[https://www.elle.com/uk/fashion/celebrity-style/a30605929/uma-thurman-son-levon-thurman-hawke/]</ref><ref>[http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/maya-hawke-daughter-of-hollywood-royalty-on-scaring-men-and-making-little-women-20171213-h04dvj.html Mulkerrins], Jane (December 22, 2017). "Maya Hawke, daughter of Hollywood royalty, on scaring men and making Little Women". ''Sydney Morning Herald''. Archived from the original on December 25, 2017. Retrieved December 26, 2017</ref>O na gape le bokgaitsadie ba babedi ka mosadi wa bobedi wa ga rraagwe, Ryan Shawhughes.<ref>"Ethan Hawke and wife welcome daughter Clementine". ''USA Today''. Associated Press. July 23, 2008. Archived from the original on March 31, 2014. Retrieved February 5, 2009.[http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/life/people/2008-07-23-ethan-hawke_N.htm]</ref><ref>"Report: Ethan Hawke Welcomes A Baby Girl". ''Access Hollywood''. August 6, 2011. Archived from the original on December 27, 2017. Retrieved August 6, 2011.[https://www.accessonline.com/articles/report-ethan-hawke-welcomes-a-baby-girl-104942]</ref>O na le kgaitsadie yo mongwe wa motsadi wa ga mmaagwe, yo e neng e le mogwebi wa ga mmaagwe, Arpad Busson. <ref>"Uma Thurman Daughter's Name Revealed". ''People''. October 17, 2012. Archived from the original on July 18, 2013. Retrieved July 17, 2013. <q>'I would like to announce Uma and Arki's daughter's name for the first time officially: Rosalind Arusha Arkadina Altalune Florence Thurman-Busson, better known to family and friends as Luna,' the actress's rep Gabrielle Kachman tells ''People'' exclusively.[https://web.archive.org/web/20130718025138/http://celebritybabies.people.com/2012/10/17/uma-thurman-arpad-busson-name-daughter-rosalind-arusha-arkadina-altalune-florence/]</q></ref> Ka fa letlhakoreng la ga rraagwe, Hawke ke ntsalae yo o kgakala wa mokwadi wa diterama Tennessee Williams.<ref>Carr, David (January 10, 2013). "In His Comfort Zone". ''The New York Times''. Archived from the original on March 21, 2013. Retrieved March 22, [http://theater.nytimes.com/2013/01/13/theater/in-his-comfort-zone.html 2013]</ref> Ka fa letlhakoreng la ga mmaagwe, ke setlogolo sa moithuti wa Bobuda Robert Thurman le mmotlelara Nena von Schlebrügge.<ref>Kamenetz, Rodger (May 5, 1996). "Robert Thurman Doesn't Look Buddhist". ''The New York Times Magazine''. Archived from the original on March 27, 2016. Retrieved August 22, 2016.[https://www.nytimes.com/books/98/07/12/specials/thurman-profile.html]</ref><ref>"Well Known Swedish Americans". Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved May 8, 2020.[http://www.hhogman.se/well-known-swedish-americans.htm]</ref>Mmaagwe Schlebrügge, Birgit Holmquist, le ene e ne e le mmotlelara, o ne a beela setshwantsho sa ga Axel Ebbe sa Famntaget, kwa Smygehuk kwa Sweden. <ref>Kuprijanko, Alexander (July 20, 2006). "Uma Thurmans mormor staty i Trelleborg" [Uma Thurman's grandmother's statue in Trelleborg]. ''Sydsvenskan'' (in Swedish). Archived from the original on June 21, 2018.[https://www.sydsvenskan.se/2006-07-20/uma-thurmans-mormor-staty-i-trelleborg]</ref> Hawke o na le dyslexia,<ref>"In Her Debut Album, Maya Hawke Explores Young Adulthood". ''NPR.org''. Archived from the original on September 20, 2022. Retrieved September 18, 2022.[https://www.npr.org/2020/09/05/909969081/in-her-debut-album-maya-hawke-explores-young-adulthood]</ref> e e neng ya dira gore a fetole dikolo gangwe le gape ka nako ya thuto ya gagwe ya poraemari pele a ka kwadisiwa kwa Saint Ann's School, sekolo sa poraefete kwa Brooklyn, New York se se gatelelang botaki le go dira mme se sa tlhatlhobe tiro. Tikologo ya botaki e ne ya dira gore kgabagare a tsenele tiro ya go diragatsa.<ref>Mulkerrins, Jane (December 22, 2017). "Maya Hawke, daughter of Hollywood royalty, on scaring men and making Little Women". ''Sydney Morning Herald''. Archived from the original on December 25, 2017. Retrieved December 26, 2017.[http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/maya-hawke-daughter-of-hollywood-royalty-on-scaring-men-and-making-little-women-20171213-h04dvj.html]</ref>Hawke o ne gape a tsaya karolo mo dithutong tsa selemo kwa Royal Academy of Dramatic Art kwa London le Stella Adler Studio of Acting kwa New York.<ref>Elber, Lynn (May 10, 2018). "Maya Hawke makes the most of 'Little Women' screen debut". ''Associated Press''. Archived from the original on July 5, 2019. Retrieved July 5, 2019.[https://web.archive.org/web/20190705193113/https://www.apnews.com/68411f63a358436db774961e18df114b]</ref>O ne a ithutela BFA mo go tshamekeng mo sekoleng sa Juilliard School ngwaga o le mongwe pele a tlogela morago ga go amogela karolo ya gagwe mo Little Women.<ref>Mulkerrins, Jane (December 22, 2017). "Maya Hawke, daughter of Hollywood royalty, on scaring men and making Little Women". ''Sydney Morning Herald''. Archived from the original on December 25, 2017. Retrieved December 26, 2017.[http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/maya-hawke-daughter-of-hollywood-royalty-on-scaring-men-and-making-little-women-20171213-h04dvj.html]</ref> == Tiro == '''Go gata mambonte''' Fela jaaka mmaagwe le nkokoagwe, Hawke o ne a direla Vogue jaaka mmodisa wa dimotlelara kwa tshimologong ya tiro ya gagwe.<ref>Markes, Olivia (December 26, 2017). "Maya Hawke On Little Women And Following Her Parents Footsteps". ''Vogue''. Archived from the original on December 26, 2017. Retrieved December 26, 2017.[https://www.vogue.co.uk/article/maya-hawke-on-little-women-and-following-her-parents-footsteps]</ref> <ref>Bailey, Laura (May 12, 2010). "True British". ''British Vogue''. Archived from the original on March 20, 2022. Retrieved April 22, 2020.[https://www.vogue.co.uk/article/true-british]</ref>O ne gape a tlhophiwa jaaka sefatlhego sa barekisi ba feshene ba kwa Boritane ba AllSaints' 2016/2017 collection. <ref>Mulkerrins, Jane (December 22, 2017). "Maya Hawke, daughter of Hollywood royalty, on scaring men and making Little Women". ''Sydney Morning Herald''. Archived from the original on December 25, 2017. Retrieved December 26, 2017.[http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/maya-hawke-daughter-of-hollywood-royalty-on-scaring-men-and-making-little-women-20171213-h04dvj.html]</ref>Ka 2017, o ne a tshameka jaaka mongwe wa difatlhego di le mmalwa mo letsholong la bidio la Calvin Klein la diaparo tsa ka fa teng, le le neng le laetswe ke Sofia Coppola.<ref>Ongley, Hannah (April 18, 2017). "sofia coppola explores first kisses and crushes for calvin klein's new underwear campaign". ''i-D''. Archived from the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.[https://web.archive.org/web/20181115112816/https://i-d.vice.com/en_us/article/nenvd7/sofia-coppola-explores-first-kisses-and-crushes-for-calvin-kleins-new-underwear-campaign]</ref> Ka September, 2022, Hawke o ne a dira jaaka mmodise wa Calvin Klein's FW22 Underwear campaign.<ref>"Maya Hawke Models Calvin Klein Fall Winter 2022 Underwear Collection". designscene.net. September 29, 2022. Archived from the original on October 12, 2022. Retrieved October 12, 2022.[https://www.designscene.net/2022/09/maya-hawke-calvin-klein-underwear.html]</ref> '''Go dira''' [[Setshwantsho:Maya Hawke (48816925987).jpg|thumb|'''Maya Hawke''']] Hawke o ne a tlhophiwa ke Sofia Coppola go tshameka karolo ya The Little Mermaid mo go Universal Pictures's live-action adaptation. Le fa go ntse jalo, batlhagisi ba ne ba tlhopha motshameki wa mosadi e bong Chloë Grace Moretz. Kganetsano eno le tse dingwe di ne tsa dira gore Coppola a tlogele porojeke eno. <ref>Kroll, Justin (June 1, 2015). "Sofia Coppola Is No Longer Directing 'The Little Mermaid'". ''Variety''. Archived from the original on January 30, 2018. Retrieved December 26, 2017.[https://variety.com/2015/film/news/sofia-coppola-exits-the-little-mermaid-1201509589/]</ref>Moretz o ne a feleletsa a tlogetse sekolo.<ref>Elizabeth, De (April 5, 2017). "'The Little Mermaid' Gets 3 Different Movie Adaptations". ''Teen Vogue''. Archived from the original on December 27, 2017. Retrieved May 13, 2022.[https://www.teenvogue.com/story/the-little-mermaid-gets-3-different-movie-adaptations]</ref> Hawke o ne a simolola go tshameka ka ngwaga wa 2017 jaaka Jo March mo the BBC miniseries adaptation of Little Women.<ref>"BBC One and Playground announce Little Women cast". ''BBC''. July 6, 2017. Archived from the original on May 31, 2022. Retrieved December 26, [https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/latestnews/2017/little-women 2017]</ref><ref>Mulkerrins, Jane (December 22, 2017). "Maya Hawke, daughter of Hollywood royalty, on scaring men and making Little Women". ''Sydney Morning Herald''. Archived from the original on December 25, 2017. Retrieved December 26, 2017.[http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/maya-hawke-daughter-of-hollywood-royalty-on-scaring-men-and-making-little-women-20171213-h04dvj.html]</ref>Ka Lwetse 2018, o ne a tshameka mo filiming ya Ladyworld, e e neng e tsamaisiwa ke Amanda Kramer. Moragonyana<ref>Ramos, Dino-Ray (September 17, 2018). "'Ladyworld' Clip: Maya Hawke Talks Leadership Dynamics In Surreal Post-Apocalyptic Suspense Film". ''Deadline''. Archived from the original on August 13, 2022. Retrieved August 13, [https://deadline.com/2018/09/ladyworld-clip-maya-hawke-ariela-barer-amanda-kramer-fantastic-fest-1202465357/ 2022]</ref> Hawke o ne a tlhagelela ka go tshameka jaaka Robin Buckley mo setlheng sa boraro sa Netflix's Stranger Things, e e golotsweng ka 2019.<ref>Kroll, Justin (March 2, 2018). "'Stranger Things' Season 3 Adds Maya Hawke, Ups Priah Ferguson". ''Variety''. Archived from the original on March 28, 2018. Retrieved March 29, 2018.[https://variety.com/2018/tv/news/stranger-things-season-3-new-character-maya-thurman-hawke-1202715637/]</ref><ref>Wigler, Josh (July 4, 2019). "'Stranger Things': Maya Hawke Pulls the Curtain Back on Season 3 Breakout Role". ''The Hollywood Reporter''. Archived from the original on July 6, 2019. Retrieved July 24, 2019.[https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/stranger-things-season-3-maya-hawke-robins-breakout-storyline-1222560]</ref>Gape ka ngwaga oo, Hawke o ne a tshameka Linda Kasabian/'Flowerchild' mo go Once Upon a Time in Hollywood ya ga Quentin Tarantino,<ref>N'Duka, Amanda (August 22, 2018). "Lena Dunham, Austin Butler, Maya Hawke, Lorenza Izzo Board Quentin Tarantino's 'Once Upon A Time In Hollywood'". ''Deadline Hollywood''. Archived from the original on August 23, 2018. Retrieved August 22, [https://deadline.com/2018/08/lena-dunham-austin-butler-maya-hawke-lorenza-izzo-quentin-tarantino-once-upon-a-time-in-hollywood-1202450671/ 2018]</ref>mme a tshameka le Marc Meyers mo filiming ya Human Capital, e e theilweng mo bukeng ya ga Stephen Amidon ya 2004 ya leina le le tshwanang. Ka ngwaga wa 2020, Hawke o ne a tshameka mo filiming ya Gia Coppola ya bobedi, Mainstream, mmogo le Andrew Garfield.<ref>Berger, Laura (October 31, 2018). "Gia Coppola to Direct "Mainstream," a Love Triangle Featuring Rising Star Maya Hawke". ''Women and Hollywood''. Archived from the original on August 11, 2021. Retrieved October 3, 2019.[https://web.archive.org/web/20210811163331/https://womenandhollywood.com/gia-coppola-to-direct-mainstream-a-love-triangle-featuring-rising-star-maya-hawke/]</ref><ref>Fleming, Mike Jr. (May 14, 2019). "Johnny Knoxville, Chris Messina, Alexa Demie, Colleen Camp Join Gia Coppola's 'Mainstream'". ''Deadline Hollywood''. Archived from the original on September 9, 2019. Retrieved October 3, 2019.[https://deadline.com/2019/05/gia-coppola-mainstream-johnny-knoxville-chris-messina-alexa-demie-colleen-camp-1202614841/]</ref>Ka ngwaga ona oo, o ne a tshameka karolo ya go nna moeng mo kgaolong ya botlhano ya miniseries ya The Good Lord Bird, e e neng e na le rraagwe, Ethan Hawke. O tshameka jaaka Annie Brown, morwadia rraagwe.<ref>Lawrence, Derek. "Maya Hawke on what makes The Good Lord Bird so important to her family". ''Entertainment Weekly''. Archived from the original on August 13, 2022. Retrieved August 13, 2022.[https://ew.com/tv/maya-hawke-the-good-lord-bird/]</ref> Ka Seetebosigo, o ne a tlhagelela mo Italian Studies, e e kwadilweng le go kaelwa ke Adam Leon mme a tshameka le Vanessa Kirby. E ne ya bontshiwa kwa Tribeca Film Festival mme ya gololwa ka Hirikgong lesome le bone, 2022.<ref>"Italian Studies". Archived from the original on January 14, 2022. Retrieved May 16, 2021.[https://tribecafilm.com/films/italian-studies-2021]</ref> Moragonyana mo kgweding eo, o ne a tlhagelela jaaka Heather mo filiming ya Netflix ya poifo ya Fear Street Karolo ya Ntlha: 1994.<ref>Blistein, Jon (June 30, 2021). "Maya Hawke Flees a Knife-Wielding Maniac in Clip From 'Fear Street Part One: 1994'". ''Rolling Stone''. Archived from the original on March 21, 2022. Retrieved July 3, 2021.[https://www.rollingstone.com/movies/movie-news/maya-hawke-fear-street-part-one-clip-opening-scene-1191323/]</ref>Ka 2021, o ne a tshameka gape mo go spin-off podcast series based on her Stranger Things character, Rebel Robin: Surviving Hawkins.<ref>Armitage, Helen (January 28, 2022). "What Happens On Stranger Things' Spinoff Podcast Rebel Robin: Surviving Hawkins". ''Screen Rant''. Archived from the original on August 13, 2022. Retrieved August 13, 2022.[https://screenrant.com/stranger-things-rebel-robin-podcast-special-explained/]</ref> O ne a tshameka mo go nngwe ya di-podcast tse di neng di kwadilwe, The Playboy Interview, mo go yone a tshamekang Helen Gurley Brown.<ref>White, Peter (June 24, 2021). "Rosanna Arquette, Taye Diggs, Gael Garcia Bernal, Maya Hawke To Star In 'Playboy Interview' Podcast". ''Deadline''. Archived from the original on August 13, 2022. Retrieved August 13, 2022.[https://deadline.com/2021/06/rosanna-arquette-taye-diggs-gael-garcia-bernal-maya-hawke-to-playboy-interview-podcast-1234780552/]</ref> Ka 2022, Hawke o ne a tshameka mo filiming ya Netflix ya dark comedy Do Revenge mmogo le Camila Mendes.<ref>N'Duka, Amanda (November 10, 2020). "Camila Mendes & Maya Hawke To Star In Netflix Movie 'Strangers' From 'Someone Great' Helmer Jennifer Kaytin Robinson". ''Deadline Hollywood''. Archived from the original on November 10, 2020. Retrieved August 2, 2022.[https://deadline.com/2020/11/camila-mendes-maya-hawke-netflix-jennifer-kaytin-robinson-1234607733/]</ref> Ka Moranang 2022, o ne a tshameka mo filiming ya botshelo ya ga Bradley Cooper ka ga Leonard Bernstein, Maestro, a tshameka mmogo le Cooper le Carey Mulligan. Ka Motsheganong, go ne ga begwa gore o ne a le mo filiming e e tlang ya The Kill Room mmogo le mmaagwe Uma Thurman le Samuel L. Jackson,<ref>Kit, Borys (April 28, 2022). "Maya Hawke Joins Bradley Cooper's Leonard Bernstein Biopic ''Maestro'' (Exclusive)". ''The Hollywood Reporter''. Archived from the original on April 28, 2022. Retrieved April 28, 2022.[https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/maya-hawke-bradley-cooper-leonard-bernstein-maestro-1235137279/]</ref> Ka Phukwi, go ne ga itsisiwe gore o tla nna naledi ya moeng mo go Disney's Moon Girl and Devil Dinosaur, e e tla tlhagisiwang ka ngwaga wa 2023.<ref>Ng, Philiana (July 21, 2022). "Wesley Snipes, Alison Brie to Guest on Disney's 'Moon Girl and Devil Dinosaur': See First Look (Exclusive)". ''Entertainment Tonight''. Archived from the original on July 28, 2022. Retrieved August 13, 2022.[https://www.etonline.com/wesley-snipes-alison-brie-to-guest-on-disneys-moon-girl-and-devil-dinosaur-see-first-look-exclusive]</ref> O ne a tlhagelela mo go Wes Anderson romantic dramedy Asteroid City (2023) e e neng ya bontshiwa kwa 76th Cannes Film Festival go amogela dikakgelo tse di siameng.<ref>Hogan, Michael (October 31, 2021). "Maya Hawke: 'My parents didn't want to have me do bit-parts in their movies'". ''The Guardian''. Archived from the original on November 7, 2021. Retrieved August 6, [https://www.theguardian.com/film/2021/oct/31/maya-hawke-mainstream-interview-stranger-things 2022]</ref> O ne a tsenela motshamekô mo filiming e e tlang ya 2024 ya Pixar ya Inside Out bobedi, e e leng tsweletso ya filimi ya 2015 ya Inside Out.<ref>"'Inside Out 2' Trailer: Amy Poehler's Joy Meets a New Teenage Emotion — Anxiety, Voiced by Maya Hawke". ''Peoplemag''. Retrieved November 9, [https://people.com/inside-out-2-trailer-amy-poehler-joy-meets-new-emotion-anxiety-8399903 2023]</ref> Ka Tlhakole 2024, go ne ga begwa gore Hawke o ne a tlile go nna naledi ya Billy Wilder biopic e e bidiwang Wilder & Me.<ref>Wiseman, Andreas (February 2, 2024). "Christoph Waltz, Maya Hawke, John Turturro & Jon Hamm To Star In Billy Wilder Movie 'Wilder & Me' For Director Stephen Frears & Producer Jeremy Thomas; HanWay & CAA Launch EFM Buzz Package". ''Deadline''. Retrieved February 2, 2024.[https://deadline.com/2024/02/christoph-waltz-maya-hawke-john-turturro-jon-hamm-billy-wilder-movie-wilder-me-stephen-frears-1235812107/]</ref> '''Kopelo''' Hawke o rile mmino wa setso o tlhotlheleditse tiro ya gagwe ya mmino go akaretsa le baopedi ba ba jaaka Leonard Cohen, Patti Smith le Joni Mitchell.<ref>Ruiz, Michelle (August 16, 2019). "Maya Hawke on Her Dreamy New Folk Songs and Her Breakout Summer". ''Vogue''. Archived from the original on August 6, 2022. Retrieved August 6, [https://www.vogue.com/article/maya-hawke-new-songs-once-upon-a-time-in-hollywood-interview 2022]</ref> O tsaya thotloetso go tswa go "baboki ba mafoko ba bagolo" jaaka Cohen le Bob Dylan ka gore, go ya ka ene, "mmino ke tsela e e gaisang ya go bua poko". Ka Phatwe 2019, Hawke o ne a golola dipina tsa gagwe tsa ntlha tse pedi, "To Love a Boy" le "Stay Open".<ref>Sawyer, Jonathan (August 22, 2019). "Maya Hawke's debut singles: Stream them here". ''Highsnobiety''. Archived from the original on July 28, 2023. Retrieved August 25, [https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/maya-hawke-debut-singles 2019]</ref> Dipina di ne tsa kwalwa le go gatisiwa ke Hawke le moopedi wa Grammy Award-winning le mokwadi wa dipina Jesse Harris.<ref>Nickolai, Nate (August 18, 2019). "Maya Hawke debuts two singles ahead of album release". ''Variety''. Archived from the original on September 22, 2022. Retrieved August 25, 2019.[https://variety.com/2019/music/news/maya-hawke-new-music-debut-singles-1203305567]</ref> Hawke o ne a dira metseletsele ya dikonsarata go dikologa New York City mo masimologong a ngwaga wa 2020, e ne e le lekgetlho la gagwe la ntlha a tshameka a le nosi jaaka moopedi. <ref>"Maya Ray on Instagram: "Upcoming shows..."". ''Instagram''. January 24, 2020. Archived from the original on December 24, 2021. Retrieved April 29, 2020.[https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/s/instagram/B7rup91AQY5]</ref><ref>"Maya Hawke Gigography, Tour History & Past Concerts". ''Songkick''. Archived from the original on September 22, 2022. Retrieved April 29, 2020.[https://www.songkick.com/artists/10062724-maya-hawke/gigography]</ref>Mo go nngwe le nngwe ya dipontsho tseno, Hawke o ne a tshegediwa ke Benjamin Lazar Davis, Tōth, Will Graefe le Nick Cianci<ref>Almeida, Nicole (April 22, 2020). "Reintroducing Maya Hawke: An Interview about 'Blush', Poetry, and Identity". ''Atwood Magazine''. Archived from the original on September 22, 2022. Retrieved April 29, 2020.[https://atwoodmagazine.com/myhw-maya-hawke-interview-2020-blush/]</ref> <ref>"Maya Hawke Gigography, Tour History & Past Concerts". ''Songkick''. Archived from the original on September 22, 2022. Retrieved April 29, 2020.[https://www.songkick.com/artists/10062724-maya-hawke/gigography]</ref>ka go latelana. Ka lesome le boferabobedi Mopitlwe 2020, Hawke o ne a golola pina ya gagwe ya ntlha "By Myself" mme a itsise alebamo ya gagwe ya ntlha e e bidiwang Blush[48] <ref>"Maya Hawke". ''Maya Hawke Official Website''. Archived from the original on June 18, 2020. Retrieved June 18, 2020.[https://www.mayahawkemusic.com/]</ref>fa gare ga ditshupetso tsa Black Lives Matter tsa 2020. Hawke o ne a kwala jaana: "Ke akanya gore eno ga se nako ya go ikgantsha. Ke nako ya go rotloetsa, go ruta le go itlhatlhoba". Single ya bobedi ya alebamo, "Coverage", e ne ya gololwa ka 2 masome a mabedi le bobedi Moranang, 2020 <ref>Strauss, Matthew (April 22, 2020). "Listen to Maya Hawke's New Song "Coverage"". ''Pitchfork''. Archived from the original on April 26, 2020. Retrieved April 29, 2020.[https://pitchfork.com/news/listen-to-maya-hawke-new-song-coverage/]</ref>pele ga bidio ya yone ya mmino e e neng e laetswe ke rraagwe Maya, Ethan Hawke e gololwa ka 28 Moranang.<ref>Darmon, Aynslee (April [https://web.archive.org/web/20200505014832/https://etcanada.com/news/634683/maya-hawke-enlists-dad-ethan-hawke-to-direct-coverage-music-video-during-coronavirus-quarantine/ 28], 2020). "Maya Hawke Enlists Dad Ethan Hawke To Direct 'Coverage' Music Video During Coronavirus Quarantine". ''ET Canada''. Archived from the original on May 5, 2020. Retrieved April 29, 2020.</ref>Kwa tshimologong e ne e rulaganyeditswe go gololwa ka Seetebosigo lesome le boferabongwe, 2020, Blush e ne ya diegisiwa go fitlha ka Phatwe masome a mabedi le bone, Go tshege<ref>Jack, Henry (April 22, 2022). "Want To Know Some Stranger And Amazing Things About Maya Hawke?". ''TechRepublish Inc''. Archived from the original on August 6, 2022. Retrieved July 27, 2022.[https://web.archive.org/web/20200505014832/https://etcanada.com/news/634683/maya-hawke-enlists-dad-ethan-hawke-to-direct-coverage-music-video-during-coronavirus-quarantine/]</ref><ref>"Maya Hawke Gigography, Tour History & Past Concerts". ''Songkick''. Archived from the original on September 22, 2022. Retrieved April 29, 2020.[https://www.songkick.com/artists/10062724-maya-hawke/gigography]</ref>sa go gololwa ga Blush, Hawke o ne a tlhagelela jaaka moeng wa mmino la ntlha mo tirong ya gagwe mo The Today Show kwa bokhutlong jwa Phatwe 2020.<ref>Cantor, Brian (August 29, 2020). "Maya Hawke, Jameson Rodgers, Easton Corbin Scheduled To Perform On NBC's TODAY Show". ''Headline Planet''. Archived from the original on January 17, 2022. Retrieved August 31, [https://headlineplanet.com/home/2020/08/29/maya-hawke-jameson-rodgers-easton-corbin-scheduled-to-perform-on-nbcs-today-show/ 2020]</ref> Ka June 29, 2022, mmogo le go gololwa ga single "Thérèse", Hawke o ne a itsise alebamo ya gagwe ya bobedi Moss, e e neng ya gololwa ka September 23, 2022.<ref>Graves, Wren (June 29, 2022). "Maya Hawke announces new album Moss, shares "Thérèse": Stream". ''Consequence''. Archived from the original on September 22, 2022. Retrieved June 30, 2022.[https://consequence.net/2022/06/maya-hawke-moss-therese-stream/]</ref> == Metswedi == jb4ixe577gg0gcimdhzrr68o8g0o5fc 0 9632 55364 36801 2026-09-23T07:08:05Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55364 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography|name=Ivana Andrés|image={{#statements:P18}}|caption=Andrés in 2017|full_name=Ivana Andrés Sanz<ref name="FIFA 2015">{{cite news |url=http://www.fifadata.com/document/FWWC/2015/pdf/FWWC_2015_SquadLists.pdf |title=List of Players – 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup |work=[[FIFA|Fédération Internationale de Football Association]] |access-date=18 June 2015 |archive-date=10 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160410062327/http://www.fifadata.com/document/FWWC/2015/pdf/FWWC_2015_SquadLists.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>|birth_date={{Birth date and age|df=yes|1994|7|13}}<ref name="FIFA 2015"/>|birth_place=[[Aielo de Malferit]], Spain<ref name="Profile Valencia">{{cite web |url=http://en.valenciacf.com/ver/37641/ivana.html?temporada=2014 |title=Ivana Andrés Sanz |publisher=[[Valencia CF]] |access-date=27 June 2015 |archive-date=14 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230414064208/http://en.valenciacf.com/ver/37641/ivana.html?temporada=2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref>|height=1.64 m<ref name="FIFA 2015"/>|position=[[Centre back]]|currentclub=[[Real Madrid Femenino|Real Madrid]]|clubnumber=5|youthclubs1=Aielo CF|youthclubs2=DSV Colegio Alemán|youthyears2=2007–2008|clubs1=[[Valencia CF Femenino|Valencia]]|years1=2009–2018|caps1=237|goals1=6|clubs2=[[Levante UD Femenino|Levante]]|years2=2018–2020|caps2=49|goals2=2|clubs3=[[Real Madrid Femenino|Real Madrid]]|years3=2020–2024|caps3=98|goals3=2|nationalteam1=[[Spain women's national football team|Spain]]|nationalyears1=2015–2024|nationalcaps1=53|nationalgoals1=0|nationalteam-update=21:37, 27 March 2024 (UTC)|medaltemplates={{Medal|Sport|[[Women's association football|Women's football]]}} {{Medal|Country|{{fba|ESP}}}} {{Medal|Comp|[[FIFA Women's World Cup]]}} {{Medal|W|[[2023 FIFA Women's World Cup|2023 Australia–New Zealand]]|}} {{Medal|Comp|[[UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship]]}} {{Medal|W|[[2010 UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship|2010 Switzerland]]|}} {{Medal|W|[[2011 UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship|2011 Switzerland]]|}}|club-update=21:37, 27 March 2024 (UTC)}} '''Ivana Andrés Sanz''' (yo o tshotsweng ka Phukwi a le lesome le boraro ka 1994) ke motshameki wa kgwele ya dinao e e porofeshionale wa moSpanish yo o tshamekang kwa morago fa gare wa setlhopha sa Liga F sa [[Real Madrid Femenino|Real Madrid]], se a se kapotenang le sa setshaba sa Spain.<ref>AS, Diario (18 June 2018). "[https://as.com/futbol/2018/06/18/mas_futbol/1529342201_605641.html El Levante ficha a Ivana Andrés, excapitana del Valencia]". ''AS.com''.</ref> == Tiro ya setlhopha == '''<big>Bonana</big>''' Ivana Andrés o simolotse tiro ya gagwe kwa gae la bone la Aielo de Malferit kwa setlhopheng sa ko gae sa Aielo CF. Fa e le dingwaga tse lesome le bobedi a ya kwa sekolong sa DSV Colegio Alemán ka letsholo la 2007–08. Koo o ne a feta ka ditlhopha tsa C le B pele ga a tsena kwa setlhopheng sa ntlha sa Valencia CF ka 2009 se se neng se setse se tshameka kwa First Division ka nako eo.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20230414064208/http://en.valenciacf.com/ver/37641/ivana.html?temporada=2014 Ivana Andrés Sanz]". [[:en:Valencia_CF|Valencia CF]]. Retrieved 27 June 2015.</ref> '''<big>Valencia</big>''' Ka 2009 setlhopha se ne sa saena tumalano le Valencia CF mme go tswa foo ba dira jaaka letlhakore la bomme la kgwele ya dinao mo stelhopeng seo. O ne a tshameka kwa FC Valencia dingwaga tse dingwe gape tse di ferangbongwe, a goroga, fa gare ga tse dingwe, kwa makgaolakgang a Copa de la Reina ya 2015 kwa setlhopha se neng sa goroga kwa makgaolakgang mo rago ga go makatsa bommamoratwa [[FC Barcelona Femení|FC Barcelona]] ka nno e le nngwe go lefela kwa sekamakgaolakgannyeng, ba latlhegelwa ka dino tse pedi go e le nngwe kgatlhanong le Sporting de Huelva. Mo setlheng sa 2016/17 go nna ba boraro mo liking e ne e le maduo a a gaisang mo ditsong tsa setlhopha seo. Mo dingwageng tsa gagwe tsa bofelo kwa Valencia FC, Ivana Andrés e ne e le mokapotene wa setlhopha.<ref>ROS, CAYETANO (6 September 2019). "[https://www.lasprovincias.es/levanteud/ivana-andres-levante-ud-20190905205000-nt.html Ivana Andrés: "No somos menos mujeres por jugar al fútbol"]". ''Las Provincias'' (in Spanish). Retrieved 15 November 2023.</ref> '''<big>Levante</big>''' Morago ga dingwaga di le mmalwa le setlhopha, e le mokapotene wa sone mo setlheng sa bofelo, o ne a dira phudugo e e makatsang go ya kwa diselammapeng tsa toropo Levante UD, ba a feditseng mo maemong a boraro le bone mo Spanish Championships mo ditlheng tse pedi fa morago ga ditlhopha tse di neng di laola ka nako eo tsa FC Barcelona le Atlético Madrid. '''<big>Real Madrid</big>''' Ka selemo sa 2020 a saenela letlhakore le le neng le le lesha go tlhamiwa la bomme la setlhopha sa Real Madrid mme a bitswa mokapotene wa setlhopha mo setlheng sa gagwe sa ntlha. Mo motshamekong wa ntlha wa ngwaga wa 2024, Andrés a nosa nno ya tekatekanyo mo phenyong ya dino tse pedi go e le nngwe kgatlhanong le Madrid CFF mo motsotsong wa masome a ferabongwe le motso.<ref>Infobae, Por Newsroom (7 January 2024). "[https://www.infobae.com/espana/agencias/2024/01/07/2-1-el-real-madrid-tira-de-epica-y-remonta-en-la-prolongacion/ 2-1. El Real Madrid tira de épica y remonta en la prolongación]". ''infobae'' (in European Spanish). Retrieved 9 January 2024.</ref> == Tiro ya boditshabatshaba == '''<big>Bonana</big>''' E le moditshabatshaba wa under-17, Ivana Andrés o ne a tsaya karolo kwa sejaneng sa lefatshe sa U-17 sa 2010 mme a tsaya maemo a boraro.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100912050035/http://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/statisticsandrecords/players/player=325623/index.html Statistics] in [[:en:FIFA|FIFA]]'s website</ref> O ne a le mo lenaaneng la ba ba simololang mo metshamekong yotlhe ka borataro ya pheletso ya ditikologo. O fentse maemo a ntlha mo European Championships ya U-17 ka 2010 fa godimo ga Republic of Ireland. Ngwaga o o latelang a tshameka European Championship gape le ba U-17, a fenya seetsele sa gauta mo phenyong ya nno go lefela mo makgaolakgang kgatlhanong le France.<ref>[http://www.uefa.com/womensunder17/news/newsid=1655028.html Pomares, Gili, Andrés enjoy 'dream' night]. UEFA</ref> Andrés o ne a gaisana mo sekamakgaolakgang le mo makgaolakgannyeng. Le ba setlhopha sa setshaba sa U-19 o ne a goroga kwa makgaolakgang a European Championship ka 2012 kwa ba neng ba latlhegelwa kwa makgaolakgang kgatlhanong le Sweden morago ga nako e e okeditsweng. '''<big>Bogolo</big>''' Ivana Andrés o dirile tshameko ya gagwe ya ntlha mo setlhopheng se segolo ka Tlhakole a le lesome le motso ka 2015 mo motshamekong wa botsalano kgatlhanong le Belgium,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200808155730/https://www.uefa.com/teamsandplayers/players/player=250007387/profile/index.html Profile] in [[:en:UEFA|UEFA]]'s website</ref> ngwaga o ne oo o ne a biletswa kwa setlhopheng sa bofelo sa sejana sa lefatshe sa 2015,<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20160410062327/http://www.fifadata.com/document/FWWC/2015/pdf/FWWC_2015_SquadLists.pdf List of Players – 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup]" (PDF). ''[[:en:FIFA|Fédération Internationale de Football Association]]''. Archived from [http://www.fifadata.com/document/FWWC/2015/pdf/FWWC_2015_SquadLists.pdf the original] (PDF) on 10 April 2016. Retrieved 18 June 2015.</ref> mme a seka a dira iponagatso epe mo kgaisanong eo. O fentse sekgele sa gagwe sa ntlha le setlhopha sa setshaba kwa Algarve Cup ya 2017, kwa Spain e neng ya fenya ka nno e le nngwe go lefela kwa makgaolakgang kgatlhanong le Canada. Ivana Andrés o ne a tshameka metshameko yotlhe e le mene. O ne a fetwa ke European Championship ya 2017 e e neng ya tshwarwa moragonyana ka ntata ya go robega lerapo la molala.<ref>"[https://www.marca.com/futbol/futbol-femenino/seleccion/2019/06/06/5cf7dd7846163f87738b457d.html Las dos espinas clavadas de Ivana Andrés]". ''Marca.com'' (in Spanish). 6 June 2019. Retrieved 15 November 2023.</ref> Kwa sejanang sa lefatshe sa 2019 o ne gape e le karolo ya setlhopha mme o ne a seka a dirisiwa mo kgaisanong. O fentse maemo a ntlha le setlhopha sa gagwe kwa sejaneng sa lefatshe sa 2023. == Botshelo ja gagwe == E sale ka Seetebosigo wa 2022, Andrés o nyalane le mosadi wa gagwe Anabel.<ref>"[https://www.l-mag.de/news-1010/das-sind-die-50-lesbischen-stars-der-fussball-em-2022.html L-Mag.de: Das sind die 59 lesbischen, bisexuellen und queeren Spielerinnen]" (in German). July 2022.</ref> == Dipalopalo tsa tiro == === Setlhopha === : ''Go felela ka motshameko o o tshamekilweng Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le bone ka 2024'' {| class="wikitable" |+Iponagatso le dino go ya ka setlhopha, setlha le kgaisano ! rowspan="2" |Setlhopha ! rowspan="2" |Setlha ! colspan="3" |Liki ! colspan="2" |National Cup ! colspan="2" |Continental ! colspan="2" |Tse dingwe ! colspan="2" |Palogotlhe |- !Lekala !Iponagatso !Dino !Iponagatso !Dino !Iponagatso !Dino !Iponagatso !Dino !Iponagatso !Dino |- | rowspan="10" |Valencia |2009–10 |Superliga Femenina |18 |0 | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– |18 |0 |- |2010–11 |Superliga Femenina |22 |1 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– |24 |1 |- |2011–12 |Primera División |29 |1 | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– |29 |1 |- |2012–13 |Primera División |24 |1 | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– |24 |1 |- |2013–14 |Primera División |25 |1 | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– |25 |1 |- |2014–15 |Primera División |30 |1 |3 |0 | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– |33 |1 |- |2015–16 |Primera División |30 |1 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– |32 |1 |- |2016–17 |Primera División |30 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– |31 |0 |- |2017–18 |Primera División |29 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– |31 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Palogotlhe !237 !6 !10 !0 ! colspan="2" |– ! colspan="2" |– !247 !6 |- | rowspan="3" |Levante |2018–19 |Primera División |28 |2 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– |29 |2 |- |2019–20 |Primera División |21 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |– |1 |0 |23 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Palogotlhe !49 !2 !2 !0 ! colspan="2" |– !1 !0 !52 !2 |- | rowspan="5" |Real Madrid |2020–21 |Primera División |31 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |— |32 |0 |- |2021–22 |Primera División |27 |0 |1 |0 |8 |0 |1 |0 |37 |0 |- |2022–23 |Liga F |22 |0 |4 |1 |6 |0 |1 |0 |33 |1 |- |2023–24 |Liga F |18 |2 |2 |0 |7 |0 |1 |0 |28 |2 |- ! colspan="2" |Palogotlhe !98 !2 !8 !1 !21 !0 !3 !0 !130 !3 |- ! colspan="3" |Palogotlhe ya tiro !384 !10 !20 !1 !21 !0 !4 !0 !429 !11 |} === Boditshabatshaba === {| class="wikitable" |+Iponagatso le dino go ya ka setlhopha sa setshaba le ngwaga !Setlhopha sa setshaba !Ngwaga !Iponagatso !Dino |- | rowspan="9" |Spain |2015 |2 |0 |- |2016 |0 |0 |- |2017 |8 |0 |- |2018 |6 |0 |- |2019 |6 |0 |- |2020 |1 |0 |- |2021 |7 |0 |- |2022 |12 |0 |- |2023 |11 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Palogotlhe !53 !0 |} == Ditlotla == '''Spain''' * FIFA Women's World Cup: 2023 * UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship: 2010, 2011 * Algarve Cup: 2017 == Metswedi == rmrkchx4egafmd1j3dusib5obb1bh1o 0 10000 55398 47776 2026-09-23T11:11:33Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55398 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lungelihle Zwane''' (o tshotswe ka 30 Mopitlwe 2000), yo a itsegeng jaaka '''Uncle Waffles''', ke moletsi wa ditshipi le motsamaisa-direkoto go tswa [[Eswatini|eSwatini]] mme a direla mo Aforika Borwa.<ref name="complex">{{Cite web|last=Aklilu|first=Rahel|date=11 April 2022|title=Uncle Waffles, Amapiano Princess, On Her Rise To DJ Superstardom|url=https://www.complex.com/music/uncle-waffles-amapiano-princess-interview|access-date=26 March 2023|website=[[Complex Networks|Complex]]|archive-date=28 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221028053318/https://www.complex.com/music/uncle-waffles-amapiano-princess-interview|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="bday">{{Cite web|last=Mphande|first=Joy|date=1 April 2022|title=Good vibes and fun times — Inside Uncle Waffles' 22nd birthday party|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2022-04-01-snaps--good-vibes-and-fun-times--inside-uncle-waffles-22nd-birthday-party/|access-date=26 March 2023|website=[[TimesLIVE]]}}</ref> <ref name="audiomack">{{Cite web|last=Ani|first=Ivie|date=7 March 2023|title=Interview: Uncle Waffles to the World|url=https://audiomack.com/world/post/uncle-waffles-upnow-interview|access-date=26 March 2023|website=[[Audiomack]]}}</ref> O itsege ka tiro ya gagwe mo go tsa [[Amapiano]] le bokgoni jwa gagwe ba go bina,<ref name="acclaim">{{Cite web|last=Nikitta|first=Jazmine|date=21 November 2022|title=Uncle Waffles is Flying The Flag for Amapiano|url=https://www.acclaimmag.com/music/uncle-waffles/|access-date=26 March 2023|website=Acclaim Magazine}}</ref><ref>Wangeci, Tela; Mankaprr, Conteh; Makinde, Tami; Miya, Madzadza; Saraki, Seni (28 December 2022). [https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-afropop-songs-of-2022-1234650065/uncle-waffles-x-tony-duardo-tanzania-feat-sino-msolo-boibizza-1234650178/ "The 40 Best Afropop Songs of 2022"]. ''[[:en:Rolling_Stone|Rolling Stone]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230326194346/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-afropop-songs-of-2022-1234650065/uncle-waffles-x-tony-duardo-tanzania-feat-sino-msolo-boibizza-1234650178/ Archived] from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 26 March 2023.</ref> mo Billboard e neng ya supa fa e le ene "kgosigadi ya Amapiano".<ref>Mamo, Heran (31 March 2023). [https://www.billboard.com/music/music-news/uncle-waffles-south-african-amapiano-coachella-interview-1235296038/ "Meet Uncle Waffles, the Artist Bringing the South African Amapiano Genre to Coachella"]. ''[[:en:Billboard_(magazine)|Billboard]]''. Retrieved 4 April 2023.</ref> Pina ya gagwe eo e golotsweng sa ntlha, "Tanzania", e fitlhile mo maemong a ntlha mo Aforika Borwa,<ref>Peaks on The Official South African Charts: ''Tanzania'' ([https://theofficialsacharts.co.za/charts/local-international-streaming-chart-top-100-week-17-2022/ "Local & International Streaming Chart Top 100: Week 17"]. ''[[:en:The_Official_South_African_Charts|The Official South African Charts]]''. 9 May 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220509194627/https://theofficialsacharts.co.za/charts/local-international-streaming-chart-top-100-week-17-2022/ Archived] from the original on 9 May 2022. Retrieved 26 March 2023.); ''Yahyuppiyah'' ([https://web.archive.org/web/20230420235230/https://theofficialsacharts.co.za/charts/local-international-streaming-chart-top-100-week-14-2023/ "Local & International Streaming Chart Top 100: Week 14 2023"]. ''[[:en:The_Official_South_African_Charts|The Official South African Charts]]''. 14 April 2023. Archived from the original on 20 April 2023. Retrieved 16 April 2023.); Peacock (Revisit) [[https://www.billboard.com/charts/south-africa-songs-hotw/2023-09-09/ "South Africa Songs: Week of September 9, 2023"]. ''Billboard''. 9 September 2023. Retrieved 5 December 2023.]; Wadibusa ([https://theofficialsacharts.co.za/charts/local-international-streaming-chart-top-10-week-18-2024/ "Local and International Streaming Chart Top 10: Week 18"]. [[:en:The_Official_South_African_Charts|''The Official South African Charts'']]. Retrieved 27 May 2024.) </ref> koo e tlhomamisitsweng gore ke ya maemo a polatinamo ga supa.<ref name="7xP">{{Cite web|last=Meara|first=Paul|date=7 September 2023|title=Uncle Waffles Is An Amapiano Superstar Setting A Unique Tone and History in the Process|url=https://www.bet.com/article/cmd4io/uncle-waffles-unboxed-interview-eswatini-south-africa-echoes-solace|access-date=15 September 2023|website=[[BET]]|archive-date=13 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231013065925/https://www.bet.com/article/cmd4io/uncle-waffles-unboxed-interview-eswatini-south-africa-echoes-solace|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Botshelo jwa kwa bonnyeng == Zwane o tshotswe a bo a golela kwa eSwatini (e pele e neng e le Swaziland).<ref name="audiomack" /> O godile a sa itse batsadi ba gagwe, a golela mo tlhokomelong ya ga nkukuagwe mo dingwageng tsa bonyana, a bo a kopana le mmaagwe fela fa a le mogolwanyane, mme botalano jwa bone botlhoke go nna jo bo iketlileng.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Khalfe|first=Farah|date=25 March 2022|title=5 things we love about DJ Uncle Waffles|url=https://www.glamour.co.za/celebrity-news/5-things-we-love-about-dj-uncle-waffles-255d7b4a-9b43-4253-82e0-f8e9ba7766aa|access-date=26 March 2023|website=[[Glamour (magazine)|Glamour]]}}</ref> Zwane o godile a reetsa mmino wa house le [[Kwaito]] wa Aforika Borwa go tswa go diopedi tse di jaaka Black Coffee, [[Lebo Mathosa]] le DJ Kent. Pele ga katlego ya go nna DJ, Zwane o ne a nna mogasi wa thelebishene kwa Studio1 mo Eswatini TV, mme o ne a tseelwa legato ka Phatwe 2022 morago ga go kgaogana le lenaneo.<ref name="complex" /><ref>{{Cite web|date=19 January 2022|title=Nojali Replace Uncle Waffles On Studio 1|url=https://www.africa-press.net/eswatini/all-news/nojali-replaces-uncle-waffles-on-studio-1|access-date=29 March 2023|website=africa-press.net}}</ref> Ke teng fa a neng a itsisiswe la ntlha ka DJ'ing ke tsala ya gagwe e le ene a neng a bereka mo setediong, ka gonne go ne go na le setlhopha sa di-DJ tsa dingwaga di le lesome le botlhano koo. Morago ga moo o ne a fudugela kwa Afrika Borwa go ya go tsena yunibesithi.<ref name="audiomack" /> == Metswedi == tq3hnxdg61k1w9rb2lxyrb6ad8tlwak 0 10013 55329 37596 2026-09-23T02:11:54Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55329 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Brazil''', semmuso e le Federal Republic of Brazil, ke naga e kgolo mo botlhaba jwa Amerika Borwa le [[Latin America]]. Ke naga ya botlhano ka bogolo le ya bosupa ka palo ya batho mo lefatsheng. Motsemogolo ke Brasília, mme toropo e e nang le batho ba bantsi ke São Paulo. Brazil e bopilwe ka dikgaolo di le 26 le Kgaolo ya Puso. Ke yone fela naga mo Amerika e Sepotokisi e leng puo ya semmuso. Brazil ke nngwe ya merafe e e nang le ditso tse di farologaneng thata mo lefatsheng, ka ntlha ya go fuduga ga batho go tswa mo lefatsheng lotlhe go feta dingwaga di le lekgolo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Os migrantes de hoje|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/portuguese/especial/migrantes/migrantes.shtml|access-date=24 October 2018|publisher=BBC Brasil|archive-date=27 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927075051/http://www.bbc.co.uk/portuguese/especial/migrantes/migrantes.shtml|url-status=dead}}</ref> 67ivqc5exc0huy8iqzd7xsdl0mr9px2 0 10021 55273 48853 2026-09-22T14:06:07Z Tulips.01 12481 Created by translating the section "Early life and career" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1370997239|Faith Nketsi]]" 55273 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|South African actress, television personality and model}} {{Infobox person | name = Faith Nketsi | image = | image_size = | alt = Mapholoso Faith Nketsi | caption = Mapholoso Faith Nketsi | birth_name = Mapholoso Faith Nketsi | birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1994|12|30}} | birth_place = Johannesburg, South Africa | nationality = [[South Africa]]n | other_names = | occupation = {{hlist| [[Television presenter]] | [[media personality]] | on-air personality | [[Model (person)|model]] |[[actress]] }} | years_active = 2014–present | television = #HaveFaith | spouse = {{marriage|Nzuzo Njilo|2020|2023|end=divorced}} | children = 1 }}'''Mapholoso Faith Nketsi''' (o tshotswe ka 30 Sedimonthole 1994) ke [[:en:Influencer|motlhotlheletsi]] wa bonlte wa Aforika Borwa, mmotlelara le motho wa go tlhagelela mo thelebišeneng.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250221123438/https://hamariweb.com/profiles/faith-nketsi_13279 "Faith Nketsi Age, Husband, Family & Biography"] Archived 21 February 2025 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]</ref> O itsege thata ka go nna leloko la setlhopha sa go bina mo dingwageng tsa gagwe tsa boša. Morago ga go tlogela setlhopha o ne a nna naledi ya thelebišene mme a nna le seabe mo lenaneong la thelebišene le le bidiwang ''Have Faith'' le le neng le gasiwa mo [[:en:MTV|MTV]] le [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]].<ref>[https://www.dstv.com/en-za/explore/loving-local/have-faith/ "Have Faith S3 - Loving Local | Watch it on DStv"]. ''www.dstv.com''. Retrieved 2026-03-29.</ref><ref>[https://www.tvsa.co.za/user/blogs/viewblogpost.aspx?blogpostid=55982 "Keeping Faith. | Aunty Savage Tea Party. | TVSA"]. ''www.tvsa.co.za''. Retrieved 2026-03-29.</ref> Gape o dira le difeshene tse dintsi mme o na le balatedi ba le bantsi mo metsweding ya dikgang.<ref>[https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2022-12-30-nobody-will-show-you-a-true-story--faith-nketsi-on-social-media-life/ "'Nobody will show you a true story' — Faith Nketsi on social media life"]. ''TimesLIVE''. 2022-12-30. Retrieved 2026-03-29.</ref> == Tsa Botshelo == Faith o tsholetswe kwa [[Johannesburg]]. O simolotse tiro ya gagwe a na le dingwaga di le lesome le borataro. Faith o ne a itsege thata mo metsweding ya tshedimosetso fa a ne a le mo setlhopheng sa basetsana ba ba neng ba bina mmino wa hip hop.<ref>[https://www.cosmopolitan.co.za/celebrities/you-have-to-see-faith-nketsi-new-ride/ "Faith Nketsi Has A New Ride And We Are Jealous"]. ''Cosmopolitan SA''. 11 March 2019. Retrieved 29 December 2019.</ref> O ithutile kwa [[Yunibesithi ya Aforika Borwa]].<ref>Walubengo, Peris (4 January 2021). [https://briefly.co.za/27253-10-facts-faith-nketsi-age-boyfriend-family-career-twerk-video.html "10 facts about Faith Nketsi: age, boyfriend, family, career and twerk video - Briefly.co.za"]. ''briefly.co.za''. Retrieved 6 June 2025.</ref> O ne a tlhagelela mo bidiong ya mmino wa [[Casper Nyovest|Cassper Nyovest]]'s single, "''Tito Mboweni''".<ref>Tjiya, Emmanuel (25 October 2019). [https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/entertainment/2019-10-25-faith-nketsis-belief-pays-off-with-new-reality-show/ "Faith Nketsi's belief pays off with new reality show"]. ''SowetanLIVE''. Retrieved 8 January 2020.</ref> Ka 30 Phukwi 2018, o simolotse '''Get Snatched''<nowiki/>', lenaneo la go ja le go ikatisa.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20191229164952/https://www.politicalanalysis.co.za/faith-nketsi-launches-get-snatched-diet-plan/ "Faith Nketsi launches "Get Snatched" diet plan"]. ''Political Analysis South Africa''. 31 July 2018. Retrieved 29 December 2019.</ref><ref>Obaoye, Adekunle (25 October 2019). [https://web.archive.org/web/20250914184002/https://mwachangu.com.ng/faith-nketsi-biography-early-life-career-career-husband/ "Faith Nketsi Biography, Early Life, Career, Career, Husband"]. ''Mwachangu''. Retrieved 30 December 2022.</ref> Ka Ngwanatsele 2019, Nketsi o ne a tshameka mo lenaneong la gagwe la nnete le le bidiwang "#HaveFaith" le le neng la simololwa mo [[:en:MTV_Africa|MTV Africa]] mo Afrika Borwa, mme a nna mosadi wa ntlha go nna le lenaneo la gagwe la nnete mo kanaleng.<ref>[https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2019-11-11-faith-nketsi-causes-a-storm-with-new-ep-disrespectful/ "Faith Nketsi causes a storm with new EP, 'Disrespectful'"]. ''TimesLIVE''. Retrieved 29 December 2019.</ref> Faith o na le balatedi ba ba fetang dimilione di le 1,3 mo Instagram go tloga ka Sedimonthole 2019.<ref>Nkesti, Faith (29 December 2019). [https://www.instagram.com/faith.nkesti "THEE FAITH NKESTI (@faith.nkesti)•Instagram photos and videos"]</ref> Faith o ne a simolola tiro ya gagwe ya mmino ka 2019, a dira le [[DJ Maphorisa]].<ref>Majavu, noxolo (13 December 2019). [https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2019-12-13-faith-nketsi-claps-back-at-music-haters-i-use-the-negativity-to-fuel-me/ "Faith Nketsi claps back at music haters: I use the negativity to fuel me"]. ''TimesLIVE''. Retrieved 1 January 2020.</ref> EP ya gagwe ya ntlha, ''Disrespectful,'' e na le dipina di le supa mme e dirilwe ke Blaqboy Music.<ref>Dube, Sindiso (23 December 2019). [https://allafrica.com/stories/201912230026.html "Zimbabwe: Twerk Queen for Ginimbi Victoria Falls Party"]. ''The Standard (All Africa)''. Retrieved 1 January 2020.</ref> == Botshelo lwa gagwe == Faith ke motho yo o nang le tlhotlheletso mo metsweding ya dikgang le thelebishene ka balatedi ba didikadike di feta 3.3 go Instagram. Ke mongwe wa batho ba ba nang le tlhotlheletso ba ba tumileng thata mo Afrika Borwa. O ne a nyetswe ke rakgwebo wa motsietsi Nzuzo Njilo ka 10 Moranang 2022 go fitlha ka 2023.<ref>Ngcobo, Nokuthula (11 April 2022). [https://www.thesouthafrican.com/lifestyle/celeb-news/mrs-njilo-faith-nketsi-married-wealthy-businessman-nzuzo-range-rover-rapper-baddie-instagram-themba-anc-watch/ "Mrs Njilo: Faith Nketsi marries wealthy businessman Nzuzo &#x5B;watch&#x5D;"]. The South African. Retrieved 13 April 2022.</ref> Fa e sa le ka nako eo, Faith o ne a nna mme, a tshegofatswa ka ngwana wa mosetsana ebong Sky Njilo. == Metswedi == [[Category: Faith Nketsi]] [[Category: Queen of Twerk]] == Early life and career == Faith o tsholetswe kwa [[Johannesburg|Jhb]] . O simolotse tiro ya gagwe fa a ne a na le dingwaga di le lesome le borataro. Faith o ne a bona tlhokomelo ya bobegadikgang fa a ne a le karolo ya setlhopha sa basetsana sa go bina hip hop. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2019-03-11 |title=Faith Nketsi Has A New Ride And We Are Jealous |url=https://www.cosmopolitan.co.za/celebrities/you-have-to-see-faith-nketsi-new-ride/ |access-date=2019-12-29 |website=Cosmopolitan SA |language=en-US}}</ref> O tsene kwa [[Yunibesithi ya Aforika Borwa|Yunivesithing ya Aforikaborwa]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Walubengo |first=Peris |date=2021-01-04 |title=10 facts about Faith Nketsi: age, boyfriend, family, career and twerk video - Briefly.co.za |url=https://briefly.co.za/27253-10-facts-faith-nketsi-age-boyfriend-family-career-twerk-video.html |access-date=2025-06-06 |website=briefly.co.za |language=en}}</ref> O ne a tlhagelela mo vidiong ya mmino wa pina ya ga [[Cassper Nyovest]], "Tito Mboweni." <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tjiya |first=Emmanuel |date=2019-10-25 |title=Faith Nketsi's belief pays off with new reality show |url=https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/entertainment/2019-10-25-faith-nketsis-belief-pays-off-with-new-reality-show/ |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2020-01-08 |website=SowetanLIVE |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Ka di 30 Phukwi 2018, o ne a simolola ‘Get Snatched’, lenaneo la go ja le go itshidila mmele.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2018-07-31 |title=Faith Nketsi launches "Get Snatched" diet plan |url=https://www.politicalanalysis.co.za/faith-nketsi-launches-get-snatched-diet-plan/ |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2019-12-29 |website=Political Analysis South Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Obaoye |first=Adekunle |date=2019-10-25 |title=Faith Nketsi Biography, Early Life, Career, Career, Husband |url=https://mwachangu.com.ng/faith-nketsi-biography-early-life-career-career-husband/ |access-date=2022-12-30 |website=Mwachangu}}</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele 2019, Nketsi o ne a tshameka mo lenaneong la gagwe la nnete le le bidiwang "#HaveFaith" le le neng la simololwa mo MTV Africa mo Afrika Borwa, mme a nna mosadi wa ntlha go nna le lenaneo la gagwe la nnete mo kanaleng.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Faith Nketsi causes a storm with new EP, 'Disrespectful' |url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2019-11-11-faith-nketsi-causes-a-storm-with-new-ep-disrespectful/ |access-date=2019-12-29 |website=TimesLIVE |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Faith o na le balatedi ba fetang dimilione di le 1,3 mo Instagram go tloga ka Sedimonthole 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nkesti |first=Faith |date=29 December 2019 |title=THEE FAITH NKESTI (@faith.nkesti)•Instagram photos and videos |url=https://www.instagram.com/faith.nkesti |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |website=}}</ref> Faith o ne a simolotse tiro ya gagwe ya mmino ka 2019, a dira le [[DJ Maphorisa]] .<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Majavu |first=noxolo |date=13 December 2019 |title=Faith Nketsi claps back at music haters: I use the negativity to fuel me |url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2019-12-13-faith-nketsi-claps-back-at-music-haters-i-use-the-negativity-to-fuel-me/ |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2020-01-01 |website=TimesLIVE |language=en-ZA}}</ref> EP ya gagwe ya ntlha, ''e e bidiwang Disrespectful'', e na le dipina di le supa mme e dirillwe ke Blaqboy Music.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dube |first=Sindiso |date=2019-12-23 |title=Zimbabwe: Twerk Queen for Ginimbi Victoria Falls Party |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201912230026.html |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2020-01-01 |website=The Standard (All Africa) |language=en}}</ref> g6odeuimqdvnu2vspekroh0nfhdbeva 55352 55273 2026-09-23T05:29:19Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55352 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|South African actress, television personality and model}} {{Infobox person | name = Faith Nketsi | image = | image_size = | alt = Mapholoso Faith Nketsi | caption = Mapholoso Faith Nketsi | birth_name = Mapholoso Faith Nketsi | birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1994|12|30}} | birth_place = Johannesburg, South Africa | nationality = [[South Africa]]n | other_names = | occupation = {{hlist| [[Television presenter]] | [[media personality]] | on-air personality | [[Model (person)|model]] |[[actress]] }} | years_active = 2014–present | television = #HaveFaith | spouse = {{marriage|Nzuzo Njilo|2020|2023|end=divorced}} | children = 1 }}'''Mapholoso Faith Nketsi''' (o tshotswe ka 30 Sedimonthole 1994) ke [[:en:Influencer|motlhotlheletsi]] wa bonlte wa Aforika Borwa, mmotlelara le motho wa go tlhagelela mo thelebišeneng.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250221123438/https://hamariweb.com/profiles/faith-nketsi_13279 "Faith Nketsi Age, Husband, Family & Biography"] Archived 21 February 2025 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]</ref> O itsege thata ka go nna leloko la setlhopha sa go bina mo dingwageng tsa gagwe tsa boša. Morago ga go tlogela setlhopha o ne a nna naledi ya thelebišene mme a nna le seabe mo lenaneong la thelebišene le le bidiwang ''Have Faith'' le le neng le gasiwa mo [[:en:MTV|MTV]] le [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]].<ref>[https://www.dstv.com/en-za/explore/loving-local/have-faith/ "Have Faith S3 - Loving Local | Watch it on DStv"]. ''www.dstv.com''. Retrieved 2026-03-29.</ref><ref>[https://www.tvsa.co.za/user/blogs/viewblogpost.aspx?blogpostid=55982 "Keeping Faith. | Aunty Savage Tea Party. | TVSA"]. ''www.tvsa.co.za''. Retrieved 2026-03-29.</ref> Gape o dira le difeshene tse dintsi mme o na le balatedi ba le bantsi mo metsweding ya dikgang.<ref>[https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2022-12-30-nobody-will-show-you-a-true-story--faith-nketsi-on-social-media-life/ "'Nobody will show you a true story' — Faith Nketsi on social media life"]. ''TimesLIVE''. 2022-12-30. Retrieved 2026-03-29.</ref> == Tsa Botshelo == Faith o tsholetswe kwa [[Johannesburg]]. O simolotse tiro ya gagwe a na le dingwaga di le lesome le borataro. Faith o ne a itsege thata mo metsweding ya tshedimosetso fa a ne a le mo setlhopheng sa basetsana ba ba neng ba bina mmino wa hip hop.<ref>[https://www.cosmopolitan.co.za/celebrities/you-have-to-see-faith-nketsi-new-ride/ "Faith Nketsi Has A New Ride And We Are Jealous"]. ''Cosmopolitan SA''. 11 March 2019. Retrieved 29 December 2019.</ref> O ithutile kwa [[Yunibesithi ya Aforika Borwa]].<ref>Walubengo, Peris (4 January 2021). [https://briefly.co.za/27253-10-facts-faith-nketsi-age-boyfriend-family-career-twerk-video.html "10 facts about Faith Nketsi: age, boyfriend, family, career and twerk video - Briefly.co.za"]. ''briefly.co.za''. Retrieved 6 June 2025.</ref> O ne a tlhagelela mo bidiong ya mmino wa [[Casper Nyovest|Cassper Nyovest]]'s single, "''Tito Mboweni''".<ref>Tjiya, Emmanuel (25 October 2019). [https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/entertainment/2019-10-25-faith-nketsis-belief-pays-off-with-new-reality-show/ "Faith Nketsi's belief pays off with new reality show"]. ''SowetanLIVE''. Retrieved 8 January 2020.</ref> Ka 30 Phukwi 2018, o simolotse '''Get Snatched''<nowiki/>', lenaneo la go ja le go ikatisa.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20191229164952/https://www.politicalanalysis.co.za/faith-nketsi-launches-get-snatched-diet-plan/ "Faith Nketsi launches "Get Snatched" diet plan"]. ''Political Analysis South Africa''. 31 July 2018. Retrieved 29 December 2019.</ref><ref>Obaoye, Adekunle (25 October 2019). [https://web.archive.org/web/20250914184002/https://mwachangu.com.ng/faith-nketsi-biography-early-life-career-career-husband/ "Faith Nketsi Biography, Early Life, Career, Career, Husband"]. ''Mwachangu''. Retrieved 30 December 2022.</ref> Ka Ngwanatsele 2019, Nketsi o ne a tshameka mo lenaneong la gagwe la nnete le le bidiwang "#HaveFaith" le le neng la simololwa mo [[:en:MTV_Africa|MTV Africa]] mo Afrika Borwa, mme a nna mosadi wa ntlha go nna le lenaneo la gagwe la nnete mo kanaleng.<ref>[https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2019-11-11-faith-nketsi-causes-a-storm-with-new-ep-disrespectful/ "Faith Nketsi causes a storm with new EP, 'Disrespectful'"]. ''TimesLIVE''. Retrieved 29 December 2019.</ref> Faith o na le balatedi ba ba fetang dimilione di le 1,3 mo Instagram go tloga ka Sedimonthole 2019.<ref>Nkesti, Faith (29 December 2019). [https://www.instagram.com/faith.nkesti "THEE FAITH NKESTI (@faith.nkesti)•Instagram photos and videos"]</ref> Faith o ne a simolola tiro ya gagwe ya mmino ka 2019, a dira le [[DJ Maphorisa]].<ref>Majavu, noxolo (13 December 2019). [https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2019-12-13-faith-nketsi-claps-back-at-music-haters-i-use-the-negativity-to-fuel-me/ "Faith Nketsi claps back at music haters: I use the negativity to fuel me"]. ''TimesLIVE''. Retrieved 1 January 2020.</ref> EP ya gagwe ya ntlha, ''Disrespectful,'' e na le dipina di le supa mme e dirilwe ke Blaqboy Music.<ref>Dube, Sindiso (23 December 2019). [https://allafrica.com/stories/201912230026.html "Zimbabwe: Twerk Queen for Ginimbi Victoria Falls Party"]. ''The Standard (All Africa)''. Retrieved 1 January 2020.</ref> == Botshelo lwa gagwe == Faith ke motho yo o nang le tlhotlheletso mo metsweding ya dikgang le thelebishene ka balatedi ba didikadike di feta 3.3 go Instagram. Ke mongwe wa batho ba ba nang le tlhotlheletso ba ba tumileng thata mo Afrika Borwa. O ne a nyetswe ke rakgwebo wa motsietsi Nzuzo Njilo ka 10 Moranang 2022 go fitlha ka 2023.<ref>Ngcobo, Nokuthula (11 April 2022). [https://www.thesouthafrican.com/lifestyle/celeb-news/mrs-njilo-faith-nketsi-married-wealthy-businessman-nzuzo-range-rover-rapper-baddie-instagram-themba-anc-watch/ "Mrs Njilo: Faith Nketsi marries wealthy businessman Nzuzo &#x5B;watch&#x5D;"]. The South African. Retrieved 13 April 2022.</ref> Fa e sa le ka nako eo, Faith o ne a nna mme, a tshegofatswa ka ngwana wa mosetsana ebong Sky Njilo. == Metswedi == [[Category: Faith Nketsi]] [[Category: Queen of Twerk]] == Early life and career == Faith o tsholetswe kwa [[Johannesburg|Jhb]] . O simolotse tiro ya gagwe fa a ne a na le dingwaga di le lesome le borataro. Faith o ne a bona tlhokomelo ya bobegadikgang fa a ne a le karolo ya setlhopha sa basetsana sa go bina hip hop. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2019-03-11 |title=Faith Nketsi Has A New Ride And We Are Jealous |url=https://www.cosmopolitan.co.za/celebrities/you-have-to-see-faith-nketsi-new-ride/ |access-date=2019-12-29 |website=Cosmopolitan SA |language=en-US}}</ref> O tsene kwa [[Yunibesithi ya Aforika Borwa|Yunivesithing ya Aforikaborwa]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Walubengo |first=Peris |date=2021-01-04 |title=10 facts about Faith Nketsi: age, boyfriend, family, career and twerk video - Briefly.co.za |url=https://briefly.co.za/27253-10-facts-faith-nketsi-age-boyfriend-family-career-twerk-video.html |access-date=2025-06-06 |website=briefly.co.za |language=en}}</ref> O ne a tlhagelela mo vidiong ya mmino wa pina ya ga [[Cassper Nyovest]], "Tito Mboweni." <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tjiya |first=Emmanuel |date=2019-10-25 |title=Faith Nketsi's belief pays off with new reality show |url=https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/entertainment/2019-10-25-faith-nketsis-belief-pays-off-with-new-reality-show/ |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2020-01-08 |website=SowetanLIVE |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Ka di 30 Phukwi 2018, o ne a simolola ‘Get Snatched’, lenaneo la go ja le go itshidila mmele.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2018-07-31 |title=Faith Nketsi launches "Get Snatched" diet plan |url=https://www.politicalanalysis.co.za/faith-nketsi-launches-get-snatched-diet-plan/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191229164952/https://www.politicalanalysis.co.za/faith-nketsi-launches-get-snatched-diet-plan/ |archive-date=2019-12-29 |access-date=2019-12-29 |website=Political Analysis South Africa |language=en-US |url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Obaoye |first=Adekunle |date=2019-10-25 |title=Faith Nketsi Biography, Early Life, Career, Career, Husband |url=https://mwachangu.com.ng/faith-nketsi-biography-early-life-career-career-husband/ |access-date=2022-12-30 |website=Mwachangu |archive-date=2025-09-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250914184002/https://mwachangu.com.ng/faith-nketsi-biography-early-life-career-career-husband/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele 2019, Nketsi o ne a tshameka mo lenaneong la gagwe la nnete le le bidiwang "#HaveFaith" le le neng la simololwa mo MTV Africa mo Afrika Borwa, mme a nna mosadi wa ntlha go nna le lenaneo la gagwe la nnete mo kanaleng.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Faith Nketsi causes a storm with new EP, 'Disrespectful' |url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2019-11-11-faith-nketsi-causes-a-storm-with-new-ep-disrespectful/ |access-date=2019-12-29 |website=TimesLIVE |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Faith o na le balatedi ba fetang dimilione di le 1,3 mo Instagram go tloga ka Sedimonthole 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nkesti |first=Faith |date=29 December 2019 |title=THEE FAITH NKESTI (@faith.nkesti)•Instagram photos and videos |url=https://www.instagram.com/faith.nkesti |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |website=}}</ref> Faith o ne a simolotse tiro ya gagwe ya mmino ka 2019, a dira le [[DJ Maphorisa]] .<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Majavu |first=noxolo |date=13 December 2019 |title=Faith Nketsi claps back at music haters: I use the negativity to fuel me |url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2019-12-13-faith-nketsi-claps-back-at-music-haters-i-use-the-negativity-to-fuel-me/ |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2020-01-01 |website=TimesLIVE |language=en-ZA}}</ref> EP ya gagwe ya ntlha, ''e e bidiwang Disrespectful'', e na le dipina di le supa mme e dirillwe ke Blaqboy Music.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dube |first=Sindiso |date=2019-12-23 |title=Zimbabwe: Twerk Queen for Ginimbi Victoria Falls Party |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201912230026.html |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2020-01-01 |website=The Standard (All Africa) |language=en}}</ref> 7rbb75sp4ho1xfwbzj1zykzngka75ww 0 10226 55363 38978 2026-09-23T06:51:45Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55363 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hotel Café Royal''' ke hotele ya dinaledi tse tlhano kwa 68 Regent Street kwa Piccadilly, London. Pele e fetolwa ka 2008 - 2012 e ne e le {{Infobox building|name=Hotel Café Royal|image=Cafe-royal-london.jpg|caption=South side of entrance, 2008|address=68 [[Regent Street]]<br>[[London]], [[W postcode area|W1]]|coordinates={{coord|51|30|36|N|0|8|9|W|region:GB-WSM|display=inline,title}}|completion_date={{start date and age|1865}}|owner=The Set Collection}} resetšhurente le lefelo la dikopano le le itsegeng jaaka Café Royal. <ref>[https://www.cntraveller.com/hotels/london/hotel-cafe-royal-london-review "Hotel Café Royal London review".] ''CN Traveller''. Retrieved 20 August 2023</ref> == Histori == Lefelo leno le ne la simololwa le bo la tlhomiwa ka 1865 ke Daniel Nicholas Thévenon, yo e neng e le mogwebi wa beine wa Mofora. O ne a tshwanelwa ke go tshaba kwa Fora ka ntlha ya go phutlhama ga kgwebo ya gagwe, mme a goroga kwa Boritane ka 1863 a na le mosadi wa gagwe, Célestine, le madi a a kana ka diponto di le tlhano fela. O ne a fetola leina la gagwe go nna Daniel Nicols mme ka nako ya fa a ne a le motsamaisi wa yone - mme moragonyana a etelelwa pele ke mosadi wa gagwe - Café Royal e ne ya atlega mme ka nako nngwe e ne e tsewa e le lefelo le legolo go gaisa otlhe mo lefatsheng le go dirwang beine mo go lone. Ka dingwaga tsa bo1890, Café Royal e ne e setse e le lefelo le o ka bonang le go bonwa kwa go lone. Ba ba neng ba le teng ba ne ba akaretsa Oscar Wilde,<ref>Guy Deghy and Keith Waterhouse (1955). "Café Royal – Ninety Years of Bohemia". Hutchinson & Co.</ref> Aleister Crowley,<ref>Howard, Michael (February 2010). "A Seeker's Journey", in ''The Cauldron'' #135</ref>Virginia Woolf, D. H. Lawrence, Winston Churchill, Noël Coward, Brigitte Bardot, J. Paul Getty, Mary Teissier, Max Beerbohm, George Bernard Shaw, Jacob Epstein, Mick Jagger, Elizabeth Taylor, Muhammad Ali le Diana, Kgosigadi ya Wales. Kafe eno e ne e le lefelo la kopano e e tumileng ka 24 Mopitlwe 1895, fa Frank Harris a ne a gakolola Oscar Wilde gore a tlogele go latofatsa Marquess wa Queensberry, rraagwe Alfred Douglas ka go mo senya leina. Wilde o ne a gana kgakololo eo, Queensberry o ne a gololwa, mme Wilde o ne a sekisiwa, a bonwa molato a bo a tsenngwa mo kgolegelong. <ref>Belford, Barbara (2000). ''Oscar Wilde: A Certain Genius''. New York: Random House. p. 251. ISBN <bdi>0-679-45734-8</bdi>.</ref>Go tloga ka 1951, Café Royal e ne ya nna legae la National Sporting Club. E ne ya rekwa ke David Locke ka 1972. Batho ba ba itsegeng ba ne ba tswelela go tshwara ditiragalo tse di botlhokwa mo tshimologong ya lekgolo la bo21 la dingwaga kwa lefelong leno. Kanye West o ne a tshameka dipina di le 20 tse disha ka 2014 fa a ne a dira jaaka DJ kwa moletlong wa poraefete le Frank Ocean kwa Café Royal.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250216165438/https://www.bet.com/article/lqasqz/report-kanye-west-plays-20-new-songs-in-london-club "Report: Kanye West Plays 20 New Songs in London Club".] ''BET.com''. Retrieved 18 October 2016.</ref> Kwa moletlong o o neng o tshwaretswe kwa morago ga moletlo wa British Fashion Awards, o o neng o tshwerwe ke Kate Moss le Naomi Campbell kwa Café Royal, baeng ba ba neng ba le teng ba ne ba akaretsa Harry Styles, Cara Delevingne le Rihanna.<ref>Cooper, Jennifer (2 December 2014). [http://www.eonline.com/news/602487/harry-styles-flirts-with-kendall-jenner-while-partying-with-cara-delevingne-rihanna-more-in-london-get-the-details "Harry Styles Reunites & Flirts With Kendall Jenner in London"]. ''E! Online''. Retrieved 18 October 2016.</ref> == Go tsosolosa le go fetola == Café Royal e ne ya tswalwa ka Sedimonthole 2008. Ditlamelo le fanitšhara di ne tsa rekisiwa kwa fantising. Kago e ke kago ya maemo a bobedi, e e tla sireletsang dikarolo tsa yone tse di botlhokwa tsa kago le ditlamelo. David Chipperfield Architects, le Donald Insall Associates, ba ne ba tsosolosa le go fetola kago go nna hotele e e nang le dikamore tse 159 le disutu tsa histori, mefuta e e farologaneng ya diphaposi tsa bojelo le dibara, tlelapa ya maloko a poraefete, diphaposi tsa dikopano, phaposi ya motshameko le lefelo la boitekanelo le boitapoloso le boitapoloso ka letamo la dimetara tse 18.The Grill Room e neelana ka tirelo ya tee ya tlwaelo ya thapama. Hotel Cafe Royal ke karolo ya The Set Collection e e akaretsang dihotele tsa bokgaitsadie Conservatorium Hotel kwa Amsterdam le Hotel Lutetia kwa Paris. == Metswedi == spsfewsbgeo6w5xwci578c2dtzcrr4q 0 10240 55399 52283 2026-09-23T11:17:27Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55399 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maplehurst Correctional Complex''' (French: Complexe Correctionnel de Maplehurst) ke kgolegelo e e kwa Milton, Ontario e e diretsweng basadi le {{Infobox building|name=Maplehurst Correctional Complex|image=<!-- Deleted image removed: [[Image:Correctional Services Logo.jpg|center|180px]] -->|location=[[Milton, Ontario|Milton]], [[Ontario]], [[Canada]]|seating_capacity=1,500}} banna ba dingwaga tse 18 le go feta. Ke lefelo le le kopantsweng la tshireletso e e gagametseng ya bagolegwa ba ba tlhatlhetsweng mo kgolegelong, le lefelo la go baakanya la maemo a a kwa tlase/a a kwa godimo la batlolamolao ba ba atlholetsweng dingwaga tse di kwa tlase ga tse pedi. E kile ya bo e na le karolo e e kgethegileng ya bana ba ba kwa tlase ga dingwaga tse 12 go ya go tse 17, mme gone jaanong ga e tlhole e ba amogela. E itsege gape jaaka "Milton Hilton" kgotsa "Muppethurst"<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130612212512/http://www.opseu.org/ops/ministry/locktalk/locktalkmar30.htm Locktalk - OPSEU Publications,] March 30, 2001</ref>. Ka 1972, puso e ne ya simolola porojeke ya go aga ya madi a a kana ka dimilione di le 13,6 tsa didolara ya Maplehurst Correctional Center. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://news.milton.halinet.on.ca/2498798/page/13 |title="Canadian Champion (Milton, ON), 6 Dec 1972, p. 13". |access-date=17 February 2025 |archive-date=10 May 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510070524/http://news.milton.halinet.on.ca/2498798/page/13 |url-status=dead }}</ref>E ne ya wediwa ka 1974 mme e santse e dira le gompieno. Sod o ne a tsenngwa mo porojekeng ka 9 Tlhakole 1973. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://news.milton.halinet.on.ca/2498900/page/2 |title="Canadian Champion (Milton, ON), 14 Feb 1973, p. 2". |access-date=17 February 2025 |archive-date=10 May 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510070424/http://news.milton.halinet.on.ca/2498900/page/2 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Maplehurst Correctional Complex e ne ya agiwa mo bogareng jwa dingwaga tsa bo1970 go emisetsa ditlamelo tse di neng di setse di le teng tse di akaretsang Milton Jail, Halton County Jail, le Mimico Correctional Centre, le fa e le gore ya bofelo e ne ya sala e butswe. John Main e ne e le motsamaisi wa ntlha wa setsha seno, mme o ne a tswa kwa Mimico.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://news.milton.halinet.on.ca/2501152/page/1 |title="Canadian Champion (Milton, ON), 26 Mar 1975, p. 1". |access-date=17 February 2025 |archive-date=23 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180723003536/http://news.milton.halinet.on.ca/2501152/page/1 |url-status=dead }}</ref> E ne ya atolosiwa kwa bokhutlong jwa dingwaga tsa bo 1980 le gape kwa tshimologong ya lekgolo la bo 21 la dingwaga.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090819022527/http://www.canadiancorrections.com/maplehurstpage.html CanadianCorrections.com] Archived 2009-08-19 at the Wayback Machine</ref> Ka go bulwa semmuso ga $89 million ya go tlhabolola ka 2001, puso ya Ontario e tlhalositse setsha se jaaka setsha sa ntlha mo tsamaisong ya dikgolegelo tsa Ontario go nna le popego e ntšhwa ka dipodise:<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090925071323/http://www.mcscs.jus.gov.on.ca/english/corr_serv/mod_system/new_design.html Modernizing the System Archived 2009-09-25 at the Wayback] Machine - Ministry of Community Safety and Correctional Services</ref> di le nosi, di le 192 tsa malao a bonno koo bagolegwa ba fetsang letsatsi la bone - go akaretsa mafelo a mananeo le lefelo le le kwa ntle la go itshidila mmele.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090925071323/http://www.mcscs.jus.gov.on.ca/english/corr_serv/mod_system/new_design.html Modern provincial jails to improve public safety Archived 2007-08-07 at the Wayback Machine -] News Release - Government of Ontario - March 15, 2001</ref>Kago eno e kgolo go lekana le mabala a le 100 a kgwele ya dinao e bile e ne e le yone ya ntlha ya dikgolegelo tse dikgolo thata kwa Ontario. General Population, Protective Population le Segregation/Hospital units tsotlhe di nna mo lefelong le.<ref>"Correctional Services". Archived from the original on 2011-08-27. Retrieved 2011-08-23.</ref>E na le lefelo le le tshwanang le la Vanier Centre for Women, e e nang le malao a le 333 e leng lefelo le le nang le tshireletso e e kwa godimo le le nang le malao a le 333 le le diretsweng baikepi ba basadi ba ba tshwerweng le ba ba atlhotsweng. Kgolegelo eno e na le dithulaganyo tse di farologaneng tsa go baakanya, tse di akaretsang go ba ruta go nna le bokgoni jwa go tshela, go laola go nna lekgoba la bojalwa, go laola bogale le go thusa batho ba ba tshwakgotsweng ke bojalwa. == Ditiragalo Tsa Hisitori == Go ne ga nna le dikhuduego kwa Maplehurst Correctional Center kwa Milton ka 1979, tse mo go tsone bagolegwa ba le 18 ba neng ba tshaba mo kgolegelong. Go ne ga senngwa didirisiwa tsa boitlosobodutu tse di jang madi a a fetang R70.000. Batho ba le supa ba ba neng ba tshaba ba ne ba tshwarwa gape ka bonako morago ga moo.Ka 2021, Lefapha la Badiri le ne la ntsha ditaelo di le robongwe tsa maemo a a sa babalesegang a go dira morago ga gore go begwe go runya ga COVID-19 kwa setheong seo. <ref>[https://toronto.ctvnews.ca/ministry-of-labour-issues-nine-unsafe-work-orders-to-milton-prison-dealing-with-covid-19-outbreak-1.5297084 "Ministry of Labour issues nine unsafe work orders to Milton prison dealing with COVID-19 outbreak"]. ''Toronto''. 2021-02-05. Retrieved 2023-08-02.</ref> == Magolegwa a a itsegeng == Eric Carty, yo o neng a loga leano la go bolaya Jennifer Pan <ref>Grimaldi, Jeremy. ''A Daughter's Deadly Deception: The Jennifer Pan Story''. Dundurn Books, November 12, 2016. <nowiki>ISBN 1459735269</nowiki>, 9781459735262, PT89. "Two days after speaking with Denise Brown, Detective Courtice gives the order to take David down.[...]The following day, police descend on Maplehurst Correctional[...]where Eric Carty is held, and charge him with the same." PT88 states: "[...]on April 12, when police finally get in touch with Denise Brown,[...]"</ref>Snow o ne a atlholelwa dikgwedi di le robedi mo kgolegelong ya ngwaga ka ntlha ya go tlhasela le go gobatsa mmele kwa Maplehurst kwa tshimologong ya dingwaga tsa bo1990. Lloyd Banks o ne a tshwarwa kwa Maplehurst ka 2010 morago ga go tshwarwa ka kgapeletso ya kgapeletso, tlhaselo e e masisi le bogodu kwa Kitchener, Ontario. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210922020850/https://www.guelphmercury.com/whatson-story/2766152-new-york-rapper-lloyd-banks-remains-in-jail-after-kitchener-arrest/ "New York rapper Lloyd Banks remains in jail after Kitchener arrest"].</ref> == Metswedi == t2iffx1ouetepy8xmgkqzq3yx9yt4dw 0 10250 55376 39039 2026-09-23T08:52:00Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55376 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Langham, London,''' ke hotele ya dinaledi di le tlhano kwa Lontone, kwa Engelane. E kwa kgaolong ya Marylebone kwa Langham Place mme e {{Infobox building|name=The Langham, London<!--official name-->|image=Langham london.jpg|location=1c [[Portland Place]], [[Regent Street]], London, England|coordinates={{coord|51|31|04|N|00|08|37|W|display=inline,title}}|opened_date=10 June 1865|landlord=[[Langham Hospitality Group]]|owner=[[Great Eagle Holdings]]}} leba kwa Portland Place go leba kwa Regent's Park. == Hisitori == The Langham e ne ya dirwa ke John Giles mme ya agiwa ke Lucas Brothers magareng ga 1863 le 1865 ka tlhwatlhwa ya £300,000, e e lekanang le £36,230,425 ka 2023.<ref>[http://archiseek.com/2010/1863-the-langham-hotel-portland-place-london/#.Ux-paJjHh0g "1863 – The Langham Hotel, Portland Place, London".] Archiseek.com. 24 June 2010. Retrieved 13 March 2014.</ref> Ka nako eo e ne e le hotele e kgolo ebile e le ya segompieno mo toropong, e na le dikhabinete tsa metsi di le lekgolo, dikamore tsa boithomelo di le masome a mararo le borataro le dilifiti tsa ntlha tsa metsi kwa Engelane. Moletlo wa go bulwa ka June 10, 1865 o ne wa dirwa ke Kgosana ya Wales. Fa khampani ya ntlha e sena go phutlhama ka nako ya go wa ga ikonomi, batsamaisi ba basha ba ne ba reka hotele eo ka madi a a fetang halofo ya madi a e neng e a dirisitse go e aga, mme go ise go ye kae e ne ya atlega mo go tsa kgwebo. Ka 1867 moofisiri wa maloba wa Union Army wa kwa Amerika, James Sanderson, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna manejara-kakaretso mme hotele e ne ya simolola go nna le bareki ba le bantsi ba Amerika, ba ba akaretsang Mark Twain le motlamedi Hetty Green.<ref>Forney, John Wien (1867). [https://archive.org/stream/lettersfromeurop00forniala#page/78/mode/2up ''Letters from Europe''.] Philadelphia: T. B. Peterson & Bros. p. 79. Retrieved 13 March 2014.</ref> Gape e ne e tlhokometswe ke Napoleon III, Oscar Wilde, Dvorák, Toscanini, le Sibelius. Go ne ga tsenngwa dipone tsa motlakase mo matsenong le mo lebaleng la teng mo masimologong a 1879, mme Arthur Conan Doyle o ne a beile dikgang tsa ga Sherlock Holmes tsa A Scandal in Bohemia le The Sign of Four ka bontlhabongwe kwa Langham. Langham e ne ya tswelela e le lefelo le le rategang mo lekgolong la bo20 la dingwaga la maloko a lelapa la segosi, jaaka Diana, Kgosigadi ya Wales, le boradipolotiki ba ba akaretsang Winston Churchill le Charles de Gaulle. Baeng ba bangwe ba ne ba akaretsa Noël Coward, Wallis Simpson, Don Bradman, Mmusimogolo Haile Selassie wa Ethiopia le Ayumi Hamasaki. [[Setshwantsho:Langham hotel.jpg|thumb|Hotele ya Langham]] Langham e ne ya amiwa thata ke Kwelotlase e Kgolo ya Ikonomi mme beng ba yone ba ne ba leka go e rekisetsa BBC, mme go ne ga agiwa Broadcasting House go kgabaganya Portland Place. Ka nako ya Ntwa ya Lefatshe II, karolo ya hotele eno e ne ya dirisiwa ke masole a Boritane go fitlha e senngwa ke dibomo mme ya patelesega go tswalwa. Morago ga ntwa, e ne ya dirisiwa ke BBC jaaka bonno jo bo thusang jwa Broadcasting House, mme khamphane e ne ya e reka gotlhelele ka 1965. Mongwe wa badiri ba BBC yo o neng a nna kwa Langham e ne e le Guy Burgess, mongwe wa Cambridge Five, e leng setlhopha sa ditlhola se se neng se naya Ba-Soviet diphiri tsa semmuso ka nako ya Ntwa ya Molomo. Lekwalo la ka fa teng la BBC le senola gore fa a ne a sa kgone go tsena mo phaposing ya gagwe kwa hoteleng bosigo bongwe, Burgess o ne a leka go thuba kgoro ka setimamolelo. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120511040111/http://www.bbc.co.uk/archive/burgess/7708.shtml "The Langham incident – A report on a disturbance at the hotel".] BBC Archives. 30 May 1941. Retrieved 13 March 2013.</ref> The Palm Court e ne ya nna laeborari ya tshupetso, mme resetšhurente e ne ya nna bareng ya badiri le phaposi ya go jela.<ref>'Radio: the great years, Derek Parker (David & Charles, 1977) p.83</ref> Ka 1980, BBC e ne ya dira kopo e e neng ya se ka ya atlega ya gore e newe tetla ya go aga go thuba kago eo le go e emisetsa ka dikago tsa diofisi tse di neng di dirilwe ke Norman Foster. Ka 1986 BBC e ne ya rekisetsa Ladbroke Group (e e neng ya reka dihotele tsa Hilton tse e seng tsa US) ka £26 million mme kwa bofelong ya bula gape hotele jaaka Langham Hilton ka 1991 morago ga go baakanya ka £100 million. Langham e ne ya rekisetswa Great Eagle Holdings ya Hong Kong ka 1995. <ref>"Artesian Bar at The Langham Brings in Two Heavyweights to Revive Its Fortunes". ''Eater London''. 9 October 2017.</ref> Mong yo mosha o ne a atolosa hotele mme a baakanya dilo tse dingwe gape fa gare ga 1998 le 2000. Go ne ga dirwa diphetogo tse dingwe gape magareng ga 2004 le 2009, ka ditshenyegelo tse di fopholediwang go nna £80 million, go busetsa hotele mo sebopegong sa yone sa kwa tshimologong. Great Eagle e ne ya fetola dihotele di le mmalwa tsa yone go dirisa leina la "Langham", mme ya dira setlamo se se bidiwang Langham Hotels International. == Hotele gompieno == [[Setshwantsho:The Langham, London hires.jpg|thumb|kwa ntle ga hotele]] "Ka ntlha ya go tlhaolwa ka dinaledi di le tlhano, Langham e e fetotsweng jaanong e na le dikamore di le 380, Palm Court e e tsosolositsweng e e ntseng e na le tee ya thapama fa e sa le ka 1865, lefelo la kgwebo le dikamore di le 15 tsa dipokano go akaretsa le Grand Ballroom. Go tla bulwa ka 2024 ke resetšhurente e ntšhwa ya hotele, Mimosa (e tla emisetsa The Landau), fa e le gore go bapa le hotele ke Wigmore, tavern ya kwa Boritane ya ga Michel Roux Jr. Hotele e na le The Good Front Room, lefelo le le tumileng la go nna lobaka lo loleele la ga Dom Taylor, le le neng la bulwa ka ntlha ya go fenya ga gagwe lenaneo la thelebišene la Five Star Kitchen. Gape go na le Artesian, bareng ya bone ya dinotsididi le kamore ya bojelo ya poraefete. <ref>[https://london.eater.com/2017/10/9/16446942/artesian-bar-langham-hotel-new-team-london-bar-news "Artesian Bar at The Langham Brings in Two Heavyweights to Revive Its Fortunes".] ''Eater London''. 9 October 2017.</ref> Ka 2019 hotele e ne ya bula sekolo sa go apaya, Sauce by The Langham. Ka 19 Mopitlwe 2010 Gyles Brandreth o ne a ribolola letlapa le le tala la City of Westminster go gopola kopano ya Phatwe 1889 kwa Langham magareng ga Oscar Wilde, Arthur Conan Doyle le Joseph Marshall Stoddart. Stoddart o ne a laela banna ba bangwe ba babedi gore ba kwalele makasine wa gagwe wa Lippincott's Monthly Magazine. Arthur Conan Doyle o ne a kwala The Sign of Four e e neng ya gatisiwa mo makasineng ono ka February 1890. Oscar Wilde o ne a kwala The Picture of Dorian Gray e e neng ya phasaladiwa ka July 1890." == Metswedi == k1n74w8qmerazlow7lsv831vabmagl8 0 10352 55350 48170 2026-09-23T05:19:35Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55350 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country | demonym = [[Swazi people|Swazi]]{{efn|In the Swazi language, emaSwati (plural) and liSwati (singular) are used.}} | area_km2 = 17,364 | area_rank = 153rd <!-- Area rank should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]] --> | GDP_PPP = {{increase}} $13.797 billion<ref name="IMFWEO.SZ">{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=734,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2020&ey=2028&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1 |title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (Eswatini) |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |website=IMF.org |date=10 October 2023 |access-date=20 October 2023}}</ref> | GDP_PPP_year = 2023 | HDI = 0.610 <!--number only--> | HDI_year = 2022 <!--Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> | conventional_long_name = Kingdom of Eswatini | common_name = Eswatini | native_name = {{native name|ss|Umbuso weSwatini}} | image_flag = Flag of Eswatini.svg | image_coat = Coat of arms of Eswatini.svg | national_motto = <br />{{native phrase|ss|"Siyinqaba"|italics=on}}<br />"We are a fortress"<br />"We are a mystery"<br />"We hide ourselves away"<br />"We are powerful ones" | national_anthem = <br />"[[Nkulunkulu Mnikati wetibusiso temaSwati]]"<br /> "Oh God, Giver of Blessings to the Swazi"<br />[[File:Nkulunkulu Mnikati wetibusiso temaSwati (instrumental).ogg]] | image_map = {{Switcher|[[File: Eswatini on the globe (special marker) (Madagascar centered).svg|frameless]]|Show globe|[[File:Location Eswatini AU Africa.svg|upright=1.15|frameless]]|Show map of Africa|default=1}} | capital = {{plainlist| * [[Mbabane]] (executive) * [[Lobamba]] (legislative)}} | coordinates = {{Coord|26|30|S|31|30|E|display=inline,title}} | largest_city = [[Mbabane]] | official_languages = {{hlist |[[Swazi language|Swazi]] | [[English language|English]]}} | ethnic_groups = {{unbulleted list | 84% [[Swazi people|Swazi]] | 10% [[Zulu people|Zulu]] | 6% others }} | ethnic_groups_year = 2017 | religion = {{ublist |item_style=white-space; |{{Tree list}} * 89.3% [[Christianity in Eswatini|Christianity]] ** 88.8% [[Protestantism]] ** 0.5% other [[List of Christian denominations|Christian]] {{Tree list/end}} |7.4% [[Irreligion|no religion]] |2.5% [[African traditional religion|traditional faiths]] |0.8% others<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gov.sz/images/FinanceDocuments/Volume-3.pdf|title=The 2017 Population and Housing Census Volume 3|publisher=Central Statistics Office|access-date=15 June 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2022-report-on-international-religious-freedom/eswatini/|title=Eswatini}}</ref> }} | government_type = Unitary [[diarchic]]<ref>{{cite web| date=Aug 1, 2017| title= Diarchies Of The Modern World| url= https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/diarchies-of-the-modern-world-countries-with-two-rulers-or-heads-of-state.html| publisher = WorldAtlas| language= en}}</ref> [[absolute monarchy]] | leader_title1 = [[Ngwenyama|King]] | leader_name1 = [[Mswati III]] | leader_title2 = [[Ndlovukati|Queen Mother]] | leader_name2 = [[Ntfombi of Eswatini|Ntfombi]] | leader_title3 = [[Prime Minister of Eswatini|Prime Minister]] | leader_name3 = [[Russell Dlamini]] | leader_title4 = [[Chief Justice]] | leader_name4 = [[Bheki Maphalala]] | legislature = [[Parliament of Eswatini|Parliament]] | upper_house = [[Senate of Eswatini|Senate]] | lower_house = [[House of Assembly of Eswatini|House of Assembly]] | sovereignty_type = Independence from the [[United Kingdom]] | established_event1 = Independence granted | established_event4 = Renaming | established_date4 = 19 April 2018 | established_date3 = 2005<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wipo.int/edocs/lexdocs/laws/en/sz/sz010en.pdf |title=Laws |publisher=wipo.int |access-date=27 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/docs/ELECTRONIC/71892/111269/F1996008974/SWZ71892.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=29 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929043736/https://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/docs/ELECTRONIC/71892/111269/F1996008974/SWZ71892.pdf |archive-date=29 September 2019 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gov.sz/images/stories/Constitution%20of%20%20SD-2005A001.pdf |title=Constitution |publisher=gov.sz |access-date=27 December 2019}}</ref> | established_event3 = [[Constitution of Swaziland|Current constitution]] | established_date2 = 24 September 1968 | established_event2 = [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 257|United Nations membership]] | established_date1 = 6 September 1968 | area_sq_mi = 6,704 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> | percent_water = 0.9 | population_estimate = 1,236,126<ref>{{cite web|url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?locations=SZ |title=Population, total – Eswatini|publisher=The World Bank Group |access-date=11 July 2021}}</ref> | population_census = 1,093,238<ref>{{cite web|url=https://swaziland.unfpa.org/en/news/swaziland-releases-population-count-2017-census|title=Swaziland Releases Population Count from 2017 Census|publisher=United Nations Population Fund|access-date=7 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180807130048/https://swaziland.unfpa.org/en/news/swaziland-releases-population-count-2017-census|archive-date=7 August 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> | population_estimate_year = 2023 | population_estimate_rank = 155th | population_census_year = 2017 | population_density_km2 = 66.8 | population_density_sq_mi = 173.1 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> | GDP_PPP_rank = 158th | GDP_PPP_per_capita = {{increase}} $11,858<ref name="IMFWEO.SZ" /> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 113th | GDP_nominal = {{decrease}} $4.648 billion<ref name="IMFWEO.SZ" /> | GDP_nominal_year = 2023 | GDP_nominal_rank = 168th | GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{decrease}} $3,995<ref name="IMFWEO.SZ" /> | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 122nd | Gini = 54.6 <!-- number only --> | Gini_year = 2016 | Gini_change = increase <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | Gini_ref = <ref name="wb-gini">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/gini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income/country-comparison |title=Gini Index coefficient |publisher=CIA Factbook |access-date=17 July 2021 |archive-date=30 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630032239/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/gini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income/country-comparison/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> | HDI_change = decrease <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | HDI_ref = <ref>{{cite web | url=https://hdr.undp.org/data-center/specific-country-data#/countries/SWZ | title=Specific country data }}</ref> | HDI_rank = 142nd | currency = {{plainlist| * [[Swazi lilangeni|Lilangeni]] (SZL) * [[South African rand]] (ZAR)}} | time_zone = [[South African Standard Time|SAST]] | utc_offset = +2 | drives_on = left | calling_code = [[+268]] | official_website = {{URL|http://www.gov.sz/}} | cctld = [[.sz]] | coa_size = 90 | religion_year = 2017 | population_density_rank = 135th }} '''Eswatini'''<ref>({{IPAc-en|ˌ|ɛ|s|w|ɑː|ˈ|t|iː|n|i|audio=en-us-Eswatini.oga}} {{respell|ESS|wah|TEE|nee}}; {{langx|ss|eSwatini}} {{IPA|ss|ɛswáˈtʼiːni|}})</ref>, e e neng e itsege ele '''Kingdom of Eswatini,''' ebile e ne e itsege semmuso ka maina a '''Swaziland'''<ref>({{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|w|ɑː|z|i|l|æ|n|d|audio=LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-Swaziland.wav}} {{respell|SWAH|zee|land}})</ref> le '''Kingdom of Swaziland'''<ref>https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-43821512</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20190327101352/http://www.times.co.sz/news/118373-kingdom-of-eswatini-change-now-official.html</ref>, ke [[lefatshe le le dikaganyeditsweng ke a mangwe]] mo [[Kgaolong ya Aforika yo o kwa Borwa]]. Le nale molelwane le [[Mozambique]] kwa bokone botlhaba jwa lone le [[Aforika Borwa]] kwa bokone, bophirima, borwa le borwa botlhaba. Ka dikhilomethara tse di sa feteng makgolo a mabedi (120 mi) gotswa bokone go ya kwa borwa le dikhilomethara tse di lekgolo le masome a mararo (81 mi) go tswa botlhaba go ya kwa bophirima, Eswatini ke lengwe la mafatshe a a mannye go a feta otlhe mo [[Aforika]]; le fa go ntse jalo, seemo sa lone sa loapi le lefatshe la teng di a farologana, go tswa mo nageng e e nang le [[dithaba tse di tsiditshana]] go ya kwa nageng e e [[mogote e e omeletseng.]] Bontsi jwa palo ya batho ke ba letso la [[seSwazi]] ka tlholego. Puo e e buiwang thata ke ya [[Swazi]] (e e leng ''seSwati'' ka tlholego ). BaSwazi ba tlhamile bogosi jwa bone ka ngwagakgolo ya bolesome le boferabobedi ele fa gare ka fa tlase ga puso ya ga [[Ngwane III]]<ref>Bonner, Philip (1982). ''Kings, Commoners and Concessionaries.'' Great Britain: Cambridge University Press. pp. 9-27. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[0521242703]] </ref>. Lefatshe le BaSwazi ba tsere leina la bone mo go [[Mswati II]], yo o neng ele kgosi ka ngwagakgolo wa bo lesome le boferabongwe yo ka fa tlase ga puso ya gagwe lefatshe le neng la atolosiwang la bo la kopanngwa; melelwane ya lone e ne ya dirwa ka 1881 ka nako ya fa go ne gole [[Kgaogano ya Mafatshe a Aforika]]<ref>Kuper, Hilda (1986). ''The Swazi: A South African Kingdom.'' Holt, Rinehart and Winston. pp. 9-10</ref>. Morago ga [[Ntwa ya Bobedi ya Maburu]], bogosi, bo ne bo le ka fa tlase ga mmuso wa lefatshe la Britain go tswa mo ngwageng wa 1903 go fitlhelela le tsaya boipuso ka ngwaga wa 1968<ref>Gillis, Hugh (1999). ''The Kingdom of Swaziland: Studies in Political History.'' Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 0313306702</ref> kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi ale marataro. Ka Moranang wa ngwaga wa 2018, leina la semmuso la Kingdom of Swaziland le ne la fetolelwa kwa go la Kingdom of Eswatini, go tshwana le le le tlwaelesegileng la puo ya Swazi<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190327101352/http://www.times.co.sz/news/118373-kingdom-of-eswatini-change-now-official.html " Kingdom of Swaziland Change Now Official"] ''Times of Swaziland.'' 18 May 2018. Archived from [https://www.times.co.sz/news/118373-kingdom-of-eswatini-change-now-official.html the original] on 27 March 2019. Retrived 25 May 2018. </ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210511235735/https://www.howdareshe.org/swaziland-facts-info-guide-swaziland-renamed-the-kingdom-of-eswatini/ "Swaziland facts and guide as the country renamed the Kingdom of Eswatini".] ''How Dare She.'' 20 April 2018. Archived from [https://www.howdareshe.org/swaziland-facts-info-guide-swaziland-renamed-the-kingdom-of-eswatini/ the original] on 11 May 2021. Retrieved 27 September 2019</ref><ref>[https://www.un.org/en/member-states/index.html#gotoE "UN Member States".] [[:en:United_Nations|United Nations.]] 30 May 2018. Retrieved 30 June 2018. </ref>. Eswatini ke lefatshe le le tlhabologang le go supiwang fa le nale itsholelo e e kwa tlase go ya kwa go e e fa gare. Ka ele lengwe la mafatshe a [[Southern African Customs Union]] le [[Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa]], le dirisana thata mo go tsa bogwebi le Aforika Borwa; go netefatsa go itshetlela ga itsholelo, ledi la Eswatini,la [[lilangeni]], le golagantswe le [[ranta ya Aforika Borwa]]. Eswatini e dirisana thata mogo tsa kgwebo kwa moseja ga mawatle le lefatshe la [[USA|United States]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140720043500/http://www.ustr.gov/countries-regions/africa/southern-africa/swaziland "Swaziland | Office of the United States Trade Representative".] Ustr.gov. Archived from [https://www.ustr.gov/countries-regions/africa/southern-africa/swaziland the original] on 20July 2014. Retrieved 16 August 2014.</ref> le [[European Union]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20141010174918/http://www.comesaria.org/site/en/article.php?chaine=swaziland&id_article=31 "Swaziland".] Comesaria.org. Archived from [https://www.comesaria.org/site/en/article.php?chaine=swaziland&id_article=31 the original] on 10 Octoer 2014. Retrieved 16 August 2014</ref>. Bontsi jwa ditiro mo lefatsheng le bo tlhamiwa ke maphata a temo thuo le madirelo ka go farologana. Eswatini ke lengwe la mekgatlho ya mafatshe ya [[Southern African Development Community]], The [[African Union]], The [[Commonwealth of Nations]] le The [[United Nations]]. Puso ya lone ke ya bogosi ,jo e leng jone jwa bofelo jwa mofuta o mo Aforika,<ref>Staff (29 June 2021). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jun/29/soldiers-deployed-eswatini-crackdown-protests "Armed forces open fire in crackdown on anti-monarchy protests in Eswatini".] ''The Guardian.'' [[ISSN]] [[0261-3077]]. Retrieved 31 August 2023.</ref> bo ntse bo le ka fa tlase ga puso ya ga Kgosi [[Mswati III]] go tsweng ko ngwageng wa 1986<ref>Tofa, Moses (16 May 2013). [https://archive.today/20141019191941/http://www.pambazuka.net/en/category/features/87402/print "Swaziland: Wither absolute monarchism?".] ''Pambazuka News.''No. 630. Archived from [https://www.pambazuka.net/en/category/features/87402/print the original] on 19 October 2014. Retrieved 19 October 2014.</ref><ref>[https://www.dw.de/swaziland-africas-last-absolute-monarchy/a-17784664 "Swaziland: Africa's last absolute monarchy".] ''Deutsche Welle.''14 July 2014. Retrieved 19 October 2014</ref>. Ditlhopho di dirwa morago ga ngwaga tse tlhano go tlhopha palamente le bontsi jwa baemedi ba ga goromente, mme makoko a sepolotiki ga a letlelelwe go tsaya karolo<ref>Eligon, John; Silva, Joao (17 February 2024). [https://www.nytimes.com/2024/02/17/world/africa/king-mswati-eswatini-africa-youth.html "The Father, the Son and the Fight Over Their King".] ''The New York Times.'' [[ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331]</ref>. [[Molaomotheo]] wa lefatshe o simolotse go dirisiwa ka 2005. Moletlo wa mmino wa ''[[Umhlanga]]'' o o tshwarwang ka Phatwe/Lwetse<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090828032318/http://www.sntc.org.sz/cultural/umhlanga.asp "Cultural Resources - Swazi Culture - The Umhlanga or Reed Dance".] Swaziland National Trust Commission. Archived from [http://www.sntc.org.sz/cultural/umhlanga.asp the original] on 28 August 2009. Retrieved 12 November 2013.</ref> le ''[[incwala]]'', ye eleng moletlo wa mmino wa bogosi o o tshwarwang ka Sedimonthole/Hirikgong, ke meletlo e e botlhokwa thata mo sechabeng<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20131030220124/http://www.sntc.org.sz/cultural/incwala.asp "Cultural Resources – Swazi Culture – The Incwala or Kingship Ceremony".] Swaziland National Trust Commission. Archived from [https://www.sntc.org.sz/cultural/incwala.asp the original] on 30 October 2013. Retrieved 12 November 2013.</ref>. BaSwazi ba lebagane le mathata a matona a botsogo: [[HIV/AIDS]] le [[kgotlholo e tona]] di aname<ref>[https://projects.worldbank.org/en/projects-operations/project-detail/P110156 "Projects : Swaziland Health, HIV/AIDS and TB Project".] The World Bank. Retrieved 16 August 2014.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20131112141926/http://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/press/release.cfm?id=4861 Swaziland: Dual HIV and Tuberculosis Epidemic Demands Urgent Action] updated 18 November 2010</ref>. Diperesente tsa batho ba batona di le masome a mabedi le boferabobedi di supa fa ba nale mogare wa HIV. Go ya ka ngwaga wa 2018, Eswatini e nale [[tsholofelo ya botshelo]] ya bolesome le bobedi e e kwa tlase mo lefatsheng ka bophara, ka dingwaga tse di masome a matlhano le boferabobedi<ref>[https://www.economist.com/blogs/economist-explains/2018/05/economist-explains "The Economist explains: Why is Swaziland's king renaming his country?".] [[:en:The_Economist|''The Economist''.]] 30 April 2018. Retrieved 30 April 2018.</ref>. Palo ya batho ba Eswatini ke banana. Go ya ka ngwaga wa 2018, batho ba ba nang le dingwaga tse di lesome le bone go ya kwa tlase ba dira diperesante di le masome a mararo le botlhano tsa palo ya batho botlhe mo lefatsheng le, gape ebile bontsi jwa batho ba nale dingwaga tse di masome a mabedi le bobedi.<ref>[http://www.indexmundi.com/swaziland/demographics_profile.html "Swaziland Demographics Profile 2013".] Indexmundi.com. 21 February 2013. Retrieved 19 August 2021.</ref> {| class="wikitable" |+Swati (Swazi) |'''Motho''' |'''li'''Swati |- |'''Batho''' |'''ema'''Swati |- |'''Puo''' |'''si'''Swati |- |'''Lefatshe''' |'''e'''Swatini |} == Ditso == {{Main|Ditso tsa Eswatini}} Go fitlhetswe didirisiwa tsa bogologolo tse di supang fa go ne go nale batho go tsweng kwa bogologolong jwa [[Motlha wa Letlapa]], dingwaga dile dikete dile makgolo a mabedi. [[Botaki jwa Lentswe]] jwa bogologolo go tswa kwa dingwageng tse di kgakala tsa bogologolo jaaka tsa dikete dile masome a mabedi le bosupa go fitlheng mo go tse di gautshwane jaaka ngwagakgolo wa bolesome le boferabobedi di ka fitlhelwa mo lefatsheng ka bophara.<ref>History Online, South African (2011). [http://www.sahistory.org.za/places/swaziland ''Swaziland''.] South African History Online.</ref> Banni ba ntlha ba ba itsegeng ba kgaolo e, e ne ele [[batsumi ba morafe wa baKhoi]]. E ne yare go fudugeng ga bone ba ne ba tlhatlhamiwa ke ba[[Nguni]] ka nako ya [[go fuduga ga merafe ya baNguni]]. Batho ba ba ne ba tlholega kwa Makadibeng a Magolo a a kwa bogare le botlhaba jwa Aforika. Go nale bosupi jwa temo thuo le tiriso ya tshipi go tswa kwa ngwagengkgolo ya bone. Batho ba ba neng ba bua puo e e leng ya badimo ba morafe wa Ba[[Sotho]] ba gompieno le ba[[Nguni]] ba simolotse go nna mo lefelong le pele ga go goroga ga ngwagakgolo wa bolesome le bongwe.<ref name=":0">Bonner, Philip (1983). [https://www.sahistory.org.za/sites/default/files/file%20uploads%20/philip_bonner_kings_commoners_and_concessionairbook4you.pdf ''Kings, Commoners and Concessionaires: The Evolution and Dissolution of the Nineteenth-Century Swazi State''.] Cambridge: Cambridge U. Press. pp. 60, 85–88. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[9780521523004]]</ref> === '''Baagi ba baSwazi (Ngwagakgolo wa bolesome le boferabobedi le wa bolesome le boferabongwe)''' === [[Setshwantsho:Récipient Swazi.jpg|thumb|Sejana sa logong sa Seswati sa lekgolo la bo19 la dingwaga]] Baagi ba baSwazi, ba ka nako eo ba neng ba itsege ele ''baNgwane (kgotsa bagaNgwane)'' pele ga go goroga mo Eswatini, ba ne ba nna kwa lotshitshing la noka ya [[Pongola]]. Pele ga moo, ba ne ba agile kwa lefelong le le gaufi le noka ya [[Tembe]] le mo bogompienong le bidiwang [[Maputo]], Mozambique. Ntwa e e neng e tsweletse magareng ga bone le ba[[Ndwandwe]] e ne ya dira gore ba fudugele kwa bokone, kwa [[Ngwane III]] a neng a tlhoma motsemogolo wa gagwe kwa [[Shiselweni]] fa tlase ga dithaba tsa Mhloseni.<ref name=":0" /> Ka fa tlase ga puso ya ga [[Sobhudza I]], baNgwane ba ne ba tlhoma motsemogolo wa bone kwa [[Zombodze]] kwa eleng bogare jwa lefatshe la Eswatini mo bogompienong. Ka tsamaiso e, ba ne fenya le go kopanya merafe ya bogologoloya lefatshe le le neng le itsiwe ke baSwazi ka leina la Emakhandzambili ( ba ba fitlhetsweng kwa pele).<ref name=":0" /> Eswatini e tsere leina la yone mo kgosing yo o neng a bidiwa [[Mswati II.]] ''KaNgwane,'' le le neng le bidiwa ka Ngwane III, ke leina le lengwe la Eswatini, yo sefane sa gagwe eleng sa [[ntlo ya bogosi]] sa ''Nkhosi'' ''[[Dlamini]]''. Lefoko ''Nkhosi'' go tewa "kgosi" ka [[Dipuo tsa seEthiopia]]. Mswati II e ne ele mogaka wa ntwa wa dikgosi tsa ntwa tsa Eswatini, o ne a kgona go atolosa kgaolo ya lefatshe go feta fa le leng teng gompieno gabedi. Kwa tshimologong merafe ya ''Emakhandzambili'' e ne ele ka fa tlase ga bogosi e nale ditshwanelo le go itirelela mo go tona, ka go ne gole ga ntsi ba neelwa tetla ya go tsweledisa ngwao le puso ya bone. Le fa go ntse jalo, go ipusa ga bone go ne ga kgaupediwake Mswati, yo o neng a ba tlhsasela ka dingwaga tsabo 1850.<ref name=":0" /> Ka maatla a gagwe, Mswati I o ne a fokotsa tlhotlheletso ya ba ''Emakhandzambili'' le go oketsa batho ba ba leng ka fa tlase ga puso ya gagwe ka tlhabano kgotsa go ba naya boagedi. Moragonyana baagedi ba ba ne ba itsege ka leina la ''Emafikamuva''. [[Setshwantsho:Johnston, W. and A.K. - South African Republic. Orange Free State, Natal, Basuto Land, Etc..jpg|thumb|Swaziland mo Borwa jwa Afrika, Johnston & Johnston, Edinburgh, 1897.]] Go ikemela ka nosi ga tshaba ya baSwazi go ne go tlhotlhelediwa ke puso ya ba British le Dutch ba ba neng ele babusi ba Aforika yo o kwa Borwa ka ngwagakgolo wa bolesome le boferabongwe le tshimologo ya ngwagakgolo wa masome a mabedi. Ka 1881, goromente wa ba British o ne a baya monwana tumalano e e neng e lemoga fa baSwazi ba ikemetse ka nosi, ntswa ka nako eo go ne go nale [[Kgaogano ya Mafatshe a Aforika.]] Boipuso jo bo ne jwa amogelwa gape kwa [[Phuthegong ya London ka 1884.]]<ref>[https://www.un.int/eswatini/swaziland/country-facts "Country Facts | eSwatini".] ''www.un.int''. Retrieved 30 May 2020.</ref> Kgosi [[Mbandzeni]] o ne a dira thulaganyo e e raraaneng ya go nna mong wa lefatshe ka go naya ba Europa ditshiamelo tsa lefatshe di le dintsi. Ka nako eo dingwe tsa dikgosana tsa maemo a a kwa godimo tsa Kgosi jaaka Kgosana Ntengu Mbokane ba ne ba fiwa tetla ya go fudugela kwa dipolaseng go ya kwa kgaolong ya Lubombo, kwa motseng wa segompieno wa Nsoko. Ba bangwe jaaka Mshiza Maseko ba ne ba fudugela kwa dipolaseng tse di lebaganeng le Noka ya Komati kwa lefelong le le bidiwang eLuvalweni. Ditshiamelo tseo di ne di akaretsa go aba le go hira masimo le mafulo. Ka 1890, morago ga loso lwa ga Mbandzeni, Kopano ya Swaziland e ne ya tlhoma Kgotlatshekelo e Kgolo go atlhola dikgotlhang tsa ditshwanelo tsa lefatshe le tsa ditswammung tse go neng go ganetsanwa ka tsone le ditshiamelo tse dingwe.<ref name=":1">Great Britain Colonial Office, ''Swaziland: report for the year'' (London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office, 1962), Chapter VI, [https://books.google.com/books?id=V50KAAAAIAAJ&pg=RA5-PA39 pp. 39, 40]</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Swaziland 1897 - Johnston, W. and A.K. - South African Republic. Orange Free State, Natal, Basuto Land, Etc. (cropped).jpg|thumb|Swaziland, dintlha tse di tswang mo mmepeng wa Johnston & Johnston (Edinburgh, 1897). Dinoka tsa Black le White Umbelosi le metse e e tshwanang le Malinda, Kunudwini le Lotiti di bontshitswe.]] Ka 1890, Swaziland e ne ya fiwa puso ya segosi e e neng e emetse ba British, ba polotiki ya Dutch le batho baSwazi. Ka 1894, kopano nngwe e ne ya dira gore Swaziland e bewe ka fa tlase ga puso ya [[Aforika Borwa|Afrika Borwa]]. Se se ne sa tswelela ka fa tlase ga puso ya ga [[Ngwane V]] go fitlhelela go runya [[Ntwa ya Bobedi ya Maburu]] ka Phalane 1899.<ref>[https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2018/04/20/why-king-mswati-iii-is-changing-swazilands-name_a_23416069/ "Why King Mswati III Is Changing Swaziland's Name".] [[:en:HuffPost|''HuffPost''.]] 20 April 2018. Retrieved 6 December 2023.</ref> Kgosi Ngwane V o tlhokafetse ka Sedimonthole 1899, ka nako ya [[incwala,]] morago ga go runya ga Ntwa ya Bobedi ya Maburu. Motlhatlhami wa gagwe e bong [[Sobhuza II]], o ne a na le dikgwedi di le nnè. Swaziland e ne ya nna le seabe ka tsela e e sa tlhamalalang mo ntweng ka dikgotlhang tse di farologaneng magareng ga ba British le Maburu tse di neng tsa diragala mo lefatsheng go fitlha ka 1902.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20231207180309/http://www.library.uneswa.ac.sz/pastpapers/quest/huma/his/2016/his608%20h626m2016.pdf "University of Swaziland Institute of Post Graduate Studies Department of History"] (PDF). Archived from [http://www.library.uneswa.ac.sz/pastpapers/quest/huma/his/2016/his608%20h626m2016.pdf the original] (PDF) on 7 December 2023. Retrieved 18 January 2024.</ref> === '''Puso e e sa tlhamalalang ya''' '''Britain mo Swaziland (1906 - 1968)''' === Ka 1903, morago ga phenyo ya Britain mo [[Ntweng ya Bobedi ya Maburu,]] Swaziland e ne ya nna nngwe ya [["Dipuso tsa Khomishene e e kwa Godimo"]] tsa Britain, tse dingwe e le [[Basutoland]] (e jaanong e leng [[Lesotho]]) le [[Bechuanaland]] (e jaanong e leng [[Botswana]]), le fa go ne go sa tlhongwa puso ya tshireletso ka gonne go ne go sa dumalanwa ka maemo le Kgosigadi ya Swazi e bong Motshwarelela Bogosi [[Labotsibeni Mdluli.]] Molao wa Tsamaiso ya Swaziland wa 1904 o ne wa tlhoma komiti e e neng e na le tiro ya go tlhatlhoba ditsha tsotlhe le go tlhalosa melelwane ya tsone. Tiro e e ne ya wediwa ka 1907, mme Molao wa Kgaogano ya Dithoto tsa Swaziland o ne wa dira gore go tlhomiwe mokomishinara wa kgaogano ya dithoto gore a beele kwa thoko mafelo a a neng a tla dirisiwa fela ke Ba-Swazi. Mokomisinara o ne a na le maatla a go gapa go fitlha kwa nngwetharong ya konteraka nngwe le nngwe kwa ntle ga tuelo, mme go ne go tla tshwanela gore go duelwe fa go ne go tsewa go feta nngwetharong. Ka 1910, o ne a wetsa tiro ya gagwe mme a beela Ba-Swazi diheketara di le 1,639,687 kwa thoko, e leng diperesente di le masome a mararo le boferabobedi tsa kgaolo ya Swaziland. Morago ga moo, kgosigadi e ne ya kgothatsa BaSwazi gore ba ye go bereka kwa Transvaal gore ba bone madi a go reka lefatshe le lengwe gape mo go ba Europa.<ref name=":1" /> Bontsi jwa tsamaiso ya pele ya kgaolo (sekao, ditirelo tsa poso) e ne e dirwa go tswa mo Aforika Borwa go fitlha ka 1906, fa [[Kolone ya Transvaal]] e ne e fiwa boipuso. [[Mokomišenara yo o kwa godimo|Mokomišenara]] [[Mokomišenara yo o kwa godimo|yo o kwa godimo]] wa kwa Britain o ne a na le ditiro dingwe tsa ga mmusi, mme BaSwazi ba ne ba ipusa mo mafelong a bone, mme kgaolo e ne e sa tsewe e le ya Britain.<ref>Morton, Barry; Ramsay, Jeff (13 June 2018). ''Historical dictionary of Botswana''. Rowman & Littlefield. p.&nbsp;237. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[9781538111338.|<bdi>9781538111338</bdi>.]]</ref> Sobhuza o ne a bewa semmuso mo setilong sa bogosi ka Sedimonthole wa 1921 morago ga puso ya ga Labotsibeni, morago ga moo o ne a etelela pele setlhopha se se neng sa se ka sa atlega go ya kwa Komiting ya Boatlhodi ya Privy Council ya United Kingdom kwa Lontone ka 1922 malebang le kgang ya lefatshe.<ref>Vail, Leroy (1991). [https://books.google.com/books?id=X4VmAWdXPD0C&q=Sobhuza+deputation+london ''The Creation of Tribalism in Southern Africa''.] University of California Press. pp.&nbsp;295–296. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN&nbsp;]][[0520074203|<bdi>0520074203</bdi>.]]</ref> Mo pakeng ya magareng ga 1923 le 1963, Sobhuza II o ne a similodisa Swazi Commercial Amadoda e e neng e tshwanetse go neela dikgwebo tse dinnye diteseletso mo mafelong a Swazi mme gape a tlhoma Sekolo sa Bosetšhaba sa Swazi go lwantshana le taolo ya borongwa mo thutong. Maemo a gagwe a ne a gola fa nako e ntse e tsamaya, mme baeteledipele ba bogosi jwa BaSwazi ba ne ba kgona go emelana le puso ya Britain e e neng e ntse e koafala le gore Swaziland e se ka ya kopanngwa le [[Union of South Africa.]] Molaotheo wa Swaziland e e ikemetseng ka nosi o ne wa tlhomiwa ke Britain ka Ngwanatsele 1963 go ya ka mabaka a a neng a tlhomiwa a Lekgotla la Kgotlapeomolao le Lekgotla la Khuduthamaga. Kgatelopele e e ne ya ganediwa ke Lekgotla la Bosetšhaba la Swazi (''Liqoqo)'' la kgosi. Le fa go ne go na le kganetso e e ntseng jalo, ditlhopho di ne tsa tshwarwa, mme Lekgotla la Kgotlapeomolao la ntlha le ne la tlhomiwa ka Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a robabongwe 1964.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-14095711 "eSwatini profile".] ''BBC News''. 3 September 2018. Retrieved 20 September 2021.</ref> Ka 1964, kgaolo ya lefatshe e e neng e beetswe kwa thoko gore e ka dirisiwa ke BaSwazi e ne e oketsegile go fitlha kwa go 56%.<ref name=":1" /> Diphetogo tsa molaotheo wa ntlhantlha tse di neng di tla ka Lekgotla la Kgotlapeomolao di ne tsa amogelwa ke Britain mme go ne ga kwalwa molaotheo o mosha o o neng o na le Ntlo ya Kokoano le Baemedi ba ga Goromente. Ditlhopho go ya ka molaotheo o di ne tsa tshwarwa ka 1967. Morago ga ditlhopho tsa 1967, Swaziland e ne e le lefatshe le le sireleditsweng go fitlhela boipuso bo bonwa gape ka 1968.<ref>[http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1968/56/enacted?view=plain "Swaziland Independence Act 1968".] ''legislation.gov.uk''. Retrieved 20 April 2018.</ref> === '''Boipuso ( 1968 - gompieno )''' === Morago ga ditlhopho tsa 1972, molaotheo wa Swaziland o ne wa ntshiwa ke Kgosi Sobhuza II yo morago ga moo a neng a busa lefatshe ka molao wa gagwe go fitlhela a tlhokafala ka 1982. Ka nako eo, Sobhuza II e ne e le kgosi ya Swaziland ya dingwaga tse di ka nnang masome a ferabobedi le boraro, mme seo se ne se dira gore e nne ene kgosi e e busitseng lobaka lo loleele go gaisa mo ditsong.<ref name=":2">[https://www.csmonitor.com/1986/0520/oswaz.html "Swazi King ready to rule – after exams".] [[:en:The_Christian_Science_Monitor|''The Christian Science Monitor''.]] 20 May 1986. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0882-7729 0882-7729]. Retrieved 20 April 2018.</ref> Puso ya tshwarelelo e ne ya latela morago ga loso lwa gagwe, ka Kgosigadi Motshwarelela Bogosi Dzeliwe Shongwe jaaka tlhogo ya lefatshe go fitlha ka 1984 fa a ne a ntshiwa ke Liqoqo mme a emisediwa ke Kgosigadi Motsala Kgosi Mma Ntfombi Tfwala.<ref name=":2" /> Mswati III, morwa Ntfombi, o ne a bewa mo setilong sa bogosi ka 1986 ele kgosi le ''ngwenyama'' ya Swaziland.<ref>[https://www.upi.com/Archives/1986/04/26/Mswati-III-the-new-teenage-king-of-Swaziland-vowed/9754514875600/ "Mswati III, the new teenage king of Swaziland, vowed..."] ''UPI''. 26 April 1986.</ref> Maiteko a go fetisetsa dikarolo tsa [[Aforika Borwa]] tse di bapileng le yone, ka tlhomamo dikarolo tsa lefatshe la MaZulu la KwaZulu le dikarolo tsa lefatshe la MaSwazi la KaNgwane, kwa Swaziland ka 1982 ga a ise a fitlhelelwe.<ref>Senftleben, Wolfgang (1984). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/43109383 "Swaziland's Proposed Land Deal with South AfricaThe Case of Ingwavuma and Kangwane".] ''Verfassung und Recht in Übersee / Law and Politics in Africa, Asia and Latin America''. '''17''' (4): 493–501. [[JSTOR|JSTOR&nbsp;]][https://www.jstor.org/stable/43109383 43109383.]</ref><ref>Griffiths, Ieuan Ll; Funnell, D. C. (1991). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/722639 "The Abortive Swazi Land Deal".] ''African Affairs''. '''90''' (358): 51–64. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a098406|10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a098406]]. [[ISSN]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0001-9909 0001-9909.] [[JSTOR|JSTOR&nbsp;]][https://www.jstor.org/stable/722639 722639.]</ref> Se se ka bo se neetse Swaziland e e dikaganyeditsweng ke mafatshe tsela ya go goroga kwa lewatleng. Tumalano e e ne ya buisanelwa ke dipuso tsa Aforika Borwa le Swaziland, fela e ne ya kopana le kganetso ya batho mo lefatsheng le le neng le tshwanetse go fetisiwa.<ref>[https://www2.lib.uct.ac.za/blacksash/pdfs/cnf19830311.026.001.000b.pdf "The Ingwavuma/KaNgwane Land Deal"] (PDF). Retrieved 8 June 2023.</ref> Kgaolo eno e ne e tserwe ke Sobhuza II ele karolo ya bogosi jwa setso jwa dikgosi tsa Swazi, mme puso ya Aforika Borwa e ne e solofetse go dirisa lefelo leno jaaka lefelo la go itshireletsa kgatlhanong le go tsenelela ga dirukhutlhi go tswa kwa Mozambique. (Puso ya Aforika Borwa e ne ya tsibogela go palelwa ga go fetisiwa mo ka go emisa go ipusa ga KaNgwane ka nakwana.)<ref>Austin, Dennis (1985). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=D_0NAAAAQAAJ&dq=KaNgwane+Swaziland+%22Supreme+Court%22&pg=PA54 South Africa, 1984]''. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd. p.&nbsp;54. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]][[:en:Special:BookSources/9780710206206|&nbsp;<bdi>9780710206206</bdi>]].</ref><ref>Macmillan, Hugh (1989). "A Nation Divided? The Swazi in Swaziland and the Transvaal, 1865–1986". In Vail, Leroy (ed.). [http://publishing.cdlib.org/ucpressebooks/view?docId=ft158004rs&chunk.id=d0e8042&toc.id=d0e7328&brand=eschol ''The Creation of Tribalism in Southern Africa''.] Berkeley, California: University of California Press. pp.&nbsp;310–316.</ref> Dingwaga tsa bo1990 di bone go tlhatloga ga baithuti le boipelaetso jwa badiri ba kopa kgosi go tlisa diphetogo.<ref>[https://reliefweb.int/report/swaziland/swaziland-doubt-over-legality-protests-keep-swazis-bay-now "Swaziland: Doubt over the legality of protests keep Swazis at bay, for now".] ''ReliefWeb''. Retrieved 20 April 2018.</ref> Ka jalo, go ne ga simololwa kgatelopele ya diphetogo tsa molaotheo, e e neng ya felela ka go tsenngwa ga molaotheo wa gompieno wa Swazi ka 2005. Seno se ne sa direga le fa badiraditshupetso ba dipolotiki ba ne ba ganetsa. Molaotheo wa gompieno ga o bue ka maemo a makoko a sepolotiki sentle.<ref name=":3">[https://web.archive.org/web/20171107005133/http://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/swaziland/constitution-politics "Swaziland : Constitution and politics".] The Commonwealth. Archived from [http://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/swaziland/constitution-politics the original] on 7 November 2017. Retrieved 20 April 2018.</ref> Ditlhopho tsa ntlha go ya ka molaotheo di diragetse ka 2008. Maloko a Palamente (MPs) a ne a tlhophiwa go tswa mo dikgaolong di le masome a matlhano le botlhano (tse gape di itsegeng ele ''tinkhundla''). Maloko a a Palamente a ne a dira paka ya dingwaga di le tlhano e e neng ya fela ka 2013.<ref name=":3" /> Ka 2011, Swaziland e ne ya nna le mathata a itsholelo a a bakilweng ke go fokotsega ga madi a a amogelwang go tswa kwa [[Southern African Customs Union]] (SACU). Seno se ne sa dira gore puso e kope kadimo ya madi mo moagisanying wa yone ebong A forika Borwa. Le fa go ntse jalo, ba ne ba sa dumalane le maemo a kadimo, a a neng a akaretsa diphetogo tsa sepolotiki.<ref>[https://www.iol.co.za/business-report/economy/timeline-swaziland-economic-crisis-1448880 "Timeline: Swaziland economic crisis".] IOL Business Report. 8 January 2013.</ref> Mo nakong eo, puso ya Swazi e ne ya gatelelwa thata gore e dire diphetogo tse di oketsegileng. Go ne ga simolola go nna le ditshupetso tsa phatlalatsa tse di neng di dirwa ke mekgatlho ya baagi le mekgatlho ya badiri. Go simolola ka 2012, go tokafala ga madi a SACU go ne ga fokotsa kgatelelo ya madi mo pusong ya Swazi. Palamente e ntšha, ya bobedi fa e sale go tlhongwa molaotheo, e ne ya tlhophiwa ka 2013. Morago ga moo kgosi e ne ya tlhoma gape Sibusiso Dlamini go nna tonakgolo lekgetho la boraro.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20131029200528/http://www.gov.sz/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1460%3Aking-re-appoints-dr-bs-dlamini-as-prime-minister&catid=1%3Alatest-news "King re-appoints Dr. B.S. Dlamini as Prime Minister"]. ''Government of the Kingdom of Swaziland''. Archived from [http://www.gov.sz/index.php?option%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D1460%3Aking-re-appoints-dr-bs-dlamini-as-prime-minister%26catid%3D1%3Alatest-news the original] on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 20 April 2018.</ref> Ka Moranang a tlhola lesome le boferabongwe 2018, Mswati III o ne a itsise gore Bogosi jwa Swaziland bo ne bo reeletswe leina la Bogosi jwa Eswatini, go bontsha leina la Swazi la puso ya eSwatini, go tshwaya segopotso sa bo masome a matlhano sa boipuso jwa Swaziland. Leina Eswatini le kaya "lefatshe la Ba-Swazi" ka puo ya Se-Swazi mme le ne le diretswe go thibela gore batho ba se ka ba le tlhakatlhakanya le [[Switzerland]] e e bidiwang ka leina le le tshwanang.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-43821512 "Swaziland king changes the country's name"]. ''BBC News''. 19 April 2018. Retrieved 19 April 2018.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190327101352/http://www.times.co.sz/news/118373-kingdom-of-eswatini-change-now-official.html "Kingdom of Swaziland Change Now Official"]. ''Times Of Swaziland''. 18 May 2018. Archived from [http://www.times.co.sz/news/118373-kingdom-of-eswatini-change-now-official.html the original] on 27 March 2019. Retrieved 25 May 2018.</ref> Badiri ba kwa Eswatini ba simolotse ditshupetso tse di kgatlhanong le puso kgatlhanong le dituelo tse di kwa tlase ka Lwetse 2018. Ba ne ba ya kwa ngalong ditiro ya malatsi a le mararo e e neng e rulagantswe ke Trade Union Congress of Eswatini e e neng ya felela e tsositse kgoreletso e kgolo.<ref>[https://allafrica.com/stories/201809210158.html "Swaziland: Police Turn Swaziland City Into 'Warzone' As National Strike Enters Second Day".] 21 September 2018 &#x2013; via AllAfrica.</ref> Ka Seetebosigo 2021, go ne ga tsoga ditshupetso tsa go lwela puso ya batho ka batho go ralala lefatshe, tse di neng tsa dira gore go nne le dikgoberego, go thukuthiwa le go lwa le mapodisi le masole mo mebileng. Dikgoberego tse tsa selegae di simolotse ka ntlha ya dingwaga tsa kgalefo kgatlhanong le tlhaelo ya diphetogo tse di nang le bokao tse di neng di tla kgarametsa Eswatini go ya kwa ntlheng ya puso ya batho ka batho, mmogo le thibelo e e begilweng ke puso ya go romelwa ga dikopo.<ref name=":4">Lindeque, Mia; Mutele, Gladys (29 June 2021). [https://ewn.co.za/2021/06/29/eswatini-govt-defends-decision-to-ban-delivery-of-petitions-by-protestors "eSwatini govt defends decision to ban delivery of petitions by protestors".] ''Eyewitness News''. Retrieved 2 July 2021.</ref> Dikago di le dintsi tse go tweng di amana le Kgosi Mswati III di ne tsa fisiwa ke batho ba ba neng ba dira ditshupetso, mme mapodisi go begwa fa a ne a tlhasela le go tshwara baganetsi ba sepolotiki. The New York Times e ne ya bitsa dikhuduego tse di neng di le teng mo lefatsheng leo le le dikaganyeditsweng ke a mangwe ya re "ke dikgoberego tse dikgolo thata tsa setšhaba mo dingwageng di le masome a matlhano le boraro tsa boipuso tsa lefatshe leo".<ref>Eligon, John (2 July 2021). [https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20211228/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/07/02/us/africa-monarchy-eswatini-protests-swaziland.html "Africa's Last Absolute Monarchy Convulsed by Mass Protests".] [[:en:The_New_York_Times|''The New York Times''.]] Archived from [https://www.nytimes.com/2021/07/02/us/africa-monarchy-eswatini-protests-swaziland.html the original] on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 3 July 2021{{cbignore}} </ref> Batho ba le masome a mabedi ba ne ba bolawa ke masole a pabalesego a puso mme ba le bantsi ba ne ba gobala le go tshwarwa. Puso e ne ya tswala Internet (ka go dumelana le batlamedi ba mesokelatsebeng ba MTN le Eswatini Mobile) mme seo sa dira gore go nne thata go bona dikgang tse di ikanyegang go tswa mo lefatsheng leo. Kgosi le yone go ne ga twe e tshabile mo lefatsheng, le fa gone badiredi ba puso ba ne ba ganetsa seo, ba bo ba kopa gore go emisiwe ditshupetso.<ref name=":4" /><ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-57652034 "King Maswati not fled Eswatini's violent protests – PM".] ''BBC News''. 30 June 2021. Retrieved 2 July 2021.</ref><ref>Masuku, Lunga (29 June 2021). [https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/anti-monarchy-protests-african-kingdom-eswatini-turn-violent-2021-06-29/ "Anti-monarchy protests in African kingdom eSwatini turn violent"]. ''Reuters''. Retrieved 2 July 2021.</ref><ref>Allison, Simon (1 July 2021). [https://mg.co.za/africa/2021-07-01-qa-whats-driving-the-protests-in-eswatini/ "Q&A: What's driving the protests in Eswatini?".] ''Mail & Guardian''. Retrieved 2 July 2021.</ref> == Dipopego tsa lefatshe == {{Main|Dipopego tsa lefatshe la Eswatini}} [[Setshwantsho:Eswatini Topography.png|thumb|Mmepe o o supang dipopego tsa lefatshe la Eswatini]] Eswatini ke lefatshe le lennye le le se nang lotshitshi la lewatle, le le nang le bogolo jwa 17,364 km2 (6,704 sq mi), mme le fitlhelwa mo e ka nnang 26°30'S, 31°30'E<ref>WorldAtlas.com, Inc. [http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/africa/sz.htm "Map of Swaziland"]. Retrieved 29 December 2009.</ref> mme le dikologilwe kwa bokone, bophirima le borwa ke Aforika Borwa le Mozambique kwa botlhaba. Mo molelwaneng wa botlhaba le Mozambique ke Dithaba tsa Lebombo, e leng mokgokolosa wa dithaba o o bogodimo jwa dimethara di ka nna 600 (2,000 ft). Dithaba tse di kgaogantswe ke mekgatšha ya dinoka tse tharo, e leng Ngwavuma, Usutu e Kgolo le Mbuluzi. Molelwane wa bophirima, o o nang le palogare ya bogodimo jwa dimetara di le 1,200 (3,900 ft), o mo ntlheng ya lekgwamolelo. Eswatini e kgaogantswe ka dikgaolo di le nne. Di tsamaya go tswa kwa bokone go ya kwa borwa mme di laolwa ke bogodimo jwa tsone. [[Mbabane]], toropokgolo, e mo Highveld.<ref>[http://www.swazilandhappenings.co.za/mbabanehomepage.htm "Mbabane history | Mbabane general information"]. ''www.swazilandhappenings.co.za''. Retrieved 22 January 2021.</ref> Middleveld, e e ka nnang 700 metres (2,300 ft) kwa godimo ga lewatle, ke kgaolo e e nang le batho ba le bantsi go gaisa ya Eswatini e e nang le pula e e kwa tlase go na le dithaba. [[Manzini]], toropo e kgolo ya kgwebo le madirelo, e mo Middleveld. Lowveld, e e ka nnang 250 metres (820 ft), e na le batho ba le mmalwa go feta mafelo a mangwe mme e na le naga ya sekgwa sa Aforika ya ditlhare tse di mebitlwa le mafulo. Eswatini e na le ditikologo tse tharo: Maputaland coastal forest mosaic, Zambezian le mophane woodlands, le Drakensberg montane grasslands.<ref>Dinerstein, Eric; Olson, David; Joshi, Anup; et&nbsp;al. (2017). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5451287 "An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm"]. ''BioScience''. '''67''' (6): 534–545. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1093/biosci/bix014|10.1093/biosci/bix014]]. [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0006-3568 ISSN&nbsp;0006-3568.] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5451287 PMC&nbsp;5451287]. [[PMID]][https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28608869 &nbsp;28608869.]</ref> Lefatshe le le e na le tekanyetsokabo ya 2018 Forest Landscape Integrity Index ya 4.21/10, e e beileng mo maemong a bo 142 lefatshe ka bophara mo mafatsheng a le 172.<ref>Grantham, H. S.; Duncan, A.; Evans, T. D.; et&nbsp;al. (2020). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7723057 "Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity – Supplementary Material"]. ''Nature Communications''. '''11''' (1): 5978. [[Bibcode]][https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2020NatCo..11.5978G :2020NatCo..11.5978G]. [[doi]]:[[doi:10.1038/s41467-020-19493-3|10.1038/s41467-020-19493-3]]. [[ISSN]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2041-1723 &nbsp;2041-1723]. [[PMC]][https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7723057 &nbsp;7723057]. [[PMID]][https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33293507 &nbsp;33293507.]</ref> === '''Tlelaemete''' === [[Setshwantsho:Eswatini landscape.jpg|thumb|Naga ya Eswatini]] Eswatini e kgaogantswe ka dikgaolo di le nne tsa tlelaemete: Highveld, Middleveld, Lowveld, le plateau ya Lubombo. Go bua ka kakaretso, pula e na thata mo dikgweding tsa selemo (Sedimonthole go ya go Mopitlo), gantsi e le ka dipula tsa matlakadibe.<ref>[https://www.mountainkingdoms.com/destinations/swaziland/climate#:~:text=Eswatini%20is%20defined%20by%20four,taking%20the%20form%20of%20thunderstorms. "Swaziland Walking Safari, Swaziland Tours | Climate | Mountain Kingdoms".] ''www.mountainkingdoms.com''. Retrieved 17 February 2021.</ref> Mariga ke paka ya komelelo. Pula ya ngwaga le ngwaga e kwa godimo kwa Highveld kwa bophirima, magareng ga 1,000 le 2,000 mm (39.4 le 78.7 in). Go ya kwa botlhaba, pula e e kwa tlase, ka Lowveld e gatisa 500 go ya go 900 mm (19.7 go ya go 35.4 in) ka ngwaga. Diphetogo tsa mogote gape di amana le bogodimo jwa dikgaolo tse di farologaneng. Mogote wa kwa Highveld ke o o tsiditsana mme ga se gantsi ele mogote thata, fa kwa Lowveld e ka gatisa mogote o o ka nnang 40 °C (104 °F) ka selemo.<ref>[https://www.worldtravelguide.net/guides/africa/eswatini/weather-climate-geography/#:~:text=Weather%20and%20climate&text=The%20Lowveld%20has%20a%20warmer,a%20matter%20of%20personal%20preference. "Eswatini (Swaziland) Weather, Climate, and geography".] ''World Travel Guide''.</ref> Palogare ya mogote kwa Mbabane, go ya ka dipaka: {| class="wikitable" |Dikgakologo |Lwetse-Phalane |18 °C (64.4 °F) |- |Selemo |Ngwanaatsele-Mopitlo |20 °C (68 °F) |- |Letlhafula |Moranang-Motsheganong |17 °C (62.6 °F) |- |Mariga |Seetebosigo-Phatwe |13 °C (55.4 °F) |} Puso ya Eswatini e boletse fa e tshwenyegile ka gore phetogo ya tlelaemete e gakatsa dikgwetlho tse di leng teng tsa setshaba jaaka lehuma, go anama ga HIV e e kwa godimo, le go tlhoka tshireletsego ya dijo mme e tla fokotsa thata bokgoni jwa lefatshe go tlhabologa, go ya ka Vision 2022.<ref name=":5">[https://www4.unfccc.int/sites/ndcstaging/PublishedDocuments/Eswatini%20First/Eswatini%27s%20INDC.pdf "Swaziland's INDC"] (PDF). ''www4.unfccc.int''. Retrieved 5 March 2020.</ref> Mo go tsa itsholelo, phetogo ya tlelaemete e setse e amile Eswatini ka tsela e e sa siamang. Ka sekai, komelelo ya 2015 - 16 e ne ya fokotsa tiro le thekiso ya sukiri le dino tse di tswakantsweng le sukiri (thekiso e e kgolo ya itsholelo ya Eswatini). Bontsi jwa dilwana tse di romelwang kwa ntle kwa Eswatini ke tsa temothuo e e sa dirwang mme ka jalo di ka nna mo kotsing ya go fetoga ga tlelaemete.<ref name=":5" /> === '''Mefutafuta ya ditshedi le tshomarelo''' === {{Main|Ditshidi le diphologolo tsa Eswatini}} [[Setshwantsho:גרויה שעירה - Grewia villosa.jpg|thumb|Setlhatshana sa Grewia villosa]] Eswatini e na le mafelo a a farologaneng a a sireleditsweng a a sireletsang mefutafuta ya ditshedi tsa lefatshe leo. Mafelo a a akaretsa mo e ka nnang 5% ya naga ya lefatshe leo. Eswatini e na le mefuta e e fetang 820 ya ditshedi tse di nang le lerapo la mokwatla le mefuta e e fetang 2400 ya dimela, e e nang le mefuta e le mentsi ya ditshedi tse di nnang koo fela. Go farologana mo go kaya gore Eswatini e botlhokwa mo lefatsheng lotlhe mo go bolokeng mefutafuta ya ditshedi.<ref name=":6">[https://www.cbd.int/doc/world/sz/sz-nbsap-01-en.pdf "Swaziland National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (BSAP), Final Draft, April 2001"] (PDF). Swaziland Environment Authority, Ministry of Tourism, Environment, and Communications.</ref> Go senyega ga lefatshe le go fetolwa go nna mafelo a mangwe a go dirisetswang lefatshe mo go one ke matshosetsi a magolo mo go tsa tlholego, go akaretsa temothuo ya dijalo (e e leng ya semolao le e e seng ya semolao), go epololwa ga ditlhare le ditlhatshana, go anama ga dimela tse di sa tlwaelegang le tse di tlhaselang, le go ntshiwa ga metswedi e e seng ya sennelaruri; go kgaoganngwa ga lefatshe go bonala sentle.<ref name=":6" /> Eswatini e beile monwana [[Tumalano ya Mefutafuta ya Ditshedi]], Tumalano ya Kgwebisano ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Mefuta ya Ditshedi tse di mo Kotsing ([[CITES]]), le Tumalano ya Bosetšhaba ya Ditšhaba tse di Kopaneng ya Maemo a Bosa. Go na le maphata a mararo a magolo a puso a a rweleng maikarabelo a tsamaiso ya bosetšhaba ya ditshedi tsa mefutafuta: Eswatini National Trust Commission, [[Eswatini Environment Authority]], le Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives. Mo godimo ga moo, Big Game Parks, e e ikemetseng ka nosi, e na le tiro ya go laola Game Act, e e laolang diphologolo tsa naga le CITES.<ref name=":6" /> Go na le mafelo a a sireleditsweng a le marataro a semmuso le a a fetang lesome a a sa sirelediwang semmuso mo lefatsheng leo. Mafelo a a begilweng semmuso a akaretsa: Malolotja Nature Reserve, Mantenga Nature Reserve, Mlawula Nature Reserve, Mlilwane Wildlife Sanctuary, le Mkhaya Game Reserve, le Hlane Royal National Park. Mo godimo ga tseo, go na le mafelo a le mantsi a a ikemetseng le a setšhaba a tshireletso ya tlholego, mmogo le a mangwe a a nang le ditsamaiso tse di kopaneng tsa puso. Tseo di akaretsa: Dombeya Game Reserve, Mbuluzi Game Reserve, Shewula Nature Reserve, Phophonyane Falls Nature Reserve, Royal Jozini, IYSIS (Inyoni Yami), Ngwempisi Wilderness, Sibebe le tse dingwe. Go na le ditheo tse dingwe tse di dirisang tshomarelo ya bobedi kgotsa ya boraro, mmogo le mafelo a tshomarelo a mabedi: Mhlosinga Conservancy le Lubombo Conservancy. Tse dingwe di akaretsa: Mokgatlho wa Ditso tsa Tlholego wa Eswatini le Mokgatlho wa Badisa ba Diphologolo tsa Lefatshe la Eswatini. Go simolola ka 2014 go fitlha ka 2021, Eswatini e ne ya nna le seabe mo lenaneong la "Go Nonotsha Thulaganyo ya Bosetšhaba ya Mafelo a a Sireleditsweng" (SNPAS). Lenaneo le le ne la leka go nonotsha ditlamorago tsa tshomarelo le letshwao la bosetšhaba la tshomarelo ya ditshedi go ralala lefatshe.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210624052144/https://www.sz.undp.org/content/eswatini/en/home/news-centre/2019/biodiversity-and-ecosystems-conservation-framework-for-eswatini-.html "Biodiversity and Ecosystems Conservation Framework for Eswatini Launched".] UNDP. 10 May 2021. Retrieved 9 December 2021.</ref> Ka maiteko a go atolosa mafelo a a tshwanelang go ka bona tshegetso ya tshomarelo (e e dirisang tsamaiso ya tshomarelo ya nnete), [[United Nations Development Programme]] (UNDP) e tlhomile setlhopha se seša sa mafelo a tshomarelo a a sa tlhomamang, kgotsa a a sa begwang mo lokwalodikgannyeng ka 2018. Gone jaanong tseo di bidiwa OEC kgotsa Effective Conservation Measures. Lenaneo la SNPAS le ne la dirisa maina a OECM mme ya simolola go tlhomamisa mafelo a tshomarelo a a seng ka fa molaong kwa Eswatini ka 2021.<ref>[http://www.undpopenplanet.org/projects/Strengthening_the_National_Protected_Areas_System_of_Swaziland/ "Strengthening the National Protected Areas System of Swaziland".] UNDP. Retrieved 9 December 2021.</ref> Go na le mefuta e le 507 ya dinonyane kwa Eswatini, go akaretsa le mefuta e le 11 e e tshosediwang ke go nyelela lefatshe ka bophara le mefuta e le mene e e tsentsweng, le mefuta e le 107 ya diamusi e e tlholegang kwa Eswatini, go akaretsa le tshukudu e ntsho e e mo kotsing ya go nyelela ya Borwa-legare le mefuta e mengwe e le supa e e tshosediwang ke go nyelela kgotsa e e leng mo kotsing ya go nyelela.<ref>[https://www.iucn.org/news/species/202003/conservation-efforts-bring-cautious-hope-african-rhinos-iucn-red-list "Conservation efforts bring cautious hope for African rhinos - IUCN Red List".] ''IUCN''. 19 March 2020. Retrieved 10 October 2022.</ref> Eswatini e humile ka dinonyane, go akaretsa dinonyane tsa [[manong a mekwatla e e mesweu]], [[tlhogo e tshweu,]] [[lappet-faced]] le [[Cape vultures]], di-raptor tse di jaaka dinonyane tsa [[martial eagles]], [[bateleurs]], le [[long-crested eagles]], le lefelo le le kwa borwa la go dira sentlhaga la [[nonyane ya marabou]]. == Sepolotiki == {{Main|Goromente wa Eswatini|Sepolotiki kwa Eswatini}} === '''Puso ya segosi''' === [[Setshwantsho:Mswati III King of Eswatini.jpg|thumb|Mswati III e ntse e le kgosi ya Eswatini go tloga ka 1986.]] Eswatini ke puso ya segosi e e nang le molaotheo le molao le ngwao ya Seswati. Tlhogo ya lefatshe ke kgosi kgotsa ''[[ngwenyama]]'' (lit. tau), ka se sebaka ke Kgosi Mswati III, yo o tlhatlogetseng mo setilong sa bogosi ka 1986 morago ga loso lwa ga rraagwe Kgosi Sobhuza II ka 1982 le paka ya go tshwarelelwa puso. Go ya ka molaotheo wa lefatshe, [[ngwenyama]] ke letshwao la kutlwano le bosakhutleng jwa tshaba ya Swazi.<ref>[http://www.gov.sz/images/stories/Constitution%20of%20%20SD-2005A001.pdf The Constitution of The Kingdom of Swaziland Act, 2005,] Chapter 1, Section 4(2)</ref> Go ya ka ngwao, kgosi e busa mmogo le mmaagwe (kgotsa mongwe yo o mo emetseng mo ngwaong), e leng ''[[ndlovukati]]'' (tlou ya sesadi). Yo mongwe o ne a tsewa e le tlhogo ya puso mme yo mongwe e le tlhogo ya setšhaba le ya semoya, a na le maatla a a lekanang le a kgosi, mme mo pusong e telele ya ga Sobhuza II, seabe sa ndlovukati se ne sa nna sa boleng le bokao jo bo kwa godimo.<ref>[https://www.gov.sz/index.php/about-us-sp-15933109/who-we-are/chosing-a-king "Choosing a King"]. ''The Government Of the Kingdom Of Eswatini''. 19 March 2022. Retrieved 19 March 2022.</ref> Kgosi e tlhoma tonakgolo go tswa mo lekgotleng la peomolao mme gape e tlhoma bontsi jwa baemedi ba ga goromente le bonnye jwa ba ba dirang molao go tswa mo lekgotleng le le kwa tlase la [[Libandla]] (palamente) ka thuso ya lekgotla la bagakolodi. Molaomotheo o letlelela kgosi go tlhoma maloko mangwe a palamente go emela dikgatlhego tse di kgethegileng. Batho bano ba ba nang le dikgatlhego tse di kgethegileng ke baagi ba ba ka bong ba ile ba nna bo ntlhopheng mme ba sa tlhophiwa, kgotsa ba ka bo ba sa nna bo ntlhopheng. Se se dirwa go lekalekanya matlhakore mo palamenteng. Batho ba ba nang le dikgatlhego tse di kgethegileng e ka nna batho ba bong jo bo rileng kgotsa ba lotso lo lo rileng, batho ba ba nang le bogole, maloko a a botlhokwa a kgwebo, setšhaba sa baagi, barutegi le dikgosana.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20241221022958/https://constitutions.unwomen.org/en/countries/africa/eswatini?provisioncategory=f62f03f36c6d49a49d805689c0f00a82 "Constitution of the Kingdom of Eswatini 2005".] ''constitutions.unwomen.org''. Retrieved 19 April 2022.</ref> === '''Palamente''' === Palamente ya Swazi e na le matlhakore a le mabedi, kgotsa Libandla, e na le [[Senate]] (ditilo di le 30; maloko a le 10 a tlhophiwa ke [[Ntlo ya Kokoano]] le a le 20 a tlhophiwa ke kgosi; go dira paka ya dingwaga di le tlhano) le Ntlo ya Kokoano (ditilo di le 65; maloko a le 10 a tlhophiwa ke kgosi le a le 55 a tlhophiwa ka ditlhopho tsa batho botlhe; go dira paka ya dingwaga di le tlhano). Ditlhopho di tshwarwa dingwaga dingwe le dingwe di le tlhano morago ga gore kgosi e phatlalatse palamente. Ditlhopho tsa bofelo di tshwerwe ka 29 Lwetse 2023.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/eswatini-holds-parliamentary-elections-under-monarchs-control-2023-09-29/ "Eswatini holds parliamentary elections under monarch's control".] ''Reuters''. 29 September 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2023.</ref> Go tlhopha go dirwa ka tsela e e seng ya makoko a sepolotiki. Tsamaiso yotlhe ya ditlhopho e tlhokometswe ke Khomišene ya Ditlhopho le Melelwane.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150416082843/http://eisa.org.za/WEP/swa3.htm "Swaziland: Elections and Boundaries Commission".] EISA. 8 March 2010. Archived from [http://www.eisa.org.za/WEP/swa3.htm the original] on 16 April 2015. Retrieved 16 August 2014.</ref> === Ngwao ya sepolotiki === Fa Swaziland e ne e bona boipuso ka 6 Lwetse 1968, Swaziland e ne ya amogela molaotheo wa Westminster. Ka 12 Moranang 1973, Kgosi Sobhuza II o ne a e phimola ka molao, a tsaya maatla a a kwa godimo mo dikgannyeng tsotlhe tsa khuduthamaga, boatlhodi le molao.<ref name=":7">[https://web.archive.org/web/20141227055747/http://www.content.eisa.org.za/old-page/swaziland-tinkhundla-electoral-system "Swaziland: Tinkhundla electoral system".] Electoral Institute for Sustainable Democracy in Africa. Archived from [http://www.content.eisa.org.za/old-page/swaziland-tinkhundla-electoral-system the original] on 27 December 2014. Retrieved 20 July 2014.</ref> Ditlhopho tsa ntlha tsa kwa ntle ga lekoko la sepolotiki tsa Ntlo ya Kokoano di ne tsa tshwarwa ka 1978, mme di ne tsa tshwarwa ka fa tlase ga [[tinkhundla]] jaaka ditlhopho tsa dikgaolo tsa botlhophi tse di tlhomilweng ke Kgosi, mme go ne ga tlhomiwa Komiti ya Ditlhopho e e tlhophilweng ke Kgosi go okamela ditlhopho.<ref name=":7" /> Go fitlha ka ditlhopho tsa 1993, tlhopho e ne se sephiri, batho ba ba neng ba tlhopha ba ne ba sa kwadisiwe, e bile ba ne ba sa tlhophe baemedi ka tlhamalalo. Go na le moo, batlhophi ba ne ba tlhopha setlhopha sa batlhophi ka go feta ka kgoro e e beetsweng motho yo ba mo tlhophileng fa badiredi ba ba bala.<ref name=":7" /> Moragonyana, khomišene ya tshekatsheko ya molaomotheo e ne ya tlhomiwa ke Kgosi Mswati III ka Phukwi 1996, e e neng e na le dikgosana, balwela-kgololosego ya sepolotiki, le ba mokgatlho wa badiri go sekaseka ditlhagiso tsa setšhaba le go kwala dikakanyetso tsa molaotheo o moša.<ref>''Africa South of the Sahara 2004''. Psychology Press. 2003. pg. 1096; ISBN 9781857431834</ref> Go ne ga ntshiwa dikakanyetso tsa gore go dirwe diphetogo ka May 1999 le ka November 2000. Di ne tsa tshwaiwa diphoso thata ke mekgatlho ya baagi kwa Swaziland le mekgatlho ya ditshwanelo tsa batho kwa mafelong a mangwe. Setlhopha sa maloko a le 15 se ne sa itsisiwe ka Sedimonthole wa 2001 go kwala molaotheo o o mosha; go ne ga begwa gore maloko a le mmalwa a setlhopha se a ne a atamalane le lelapa la bogosi.<ref>''Africa South of the Sahara 2004''. Psychology Press. 2003. pg. 1097; ISBN 9781857431834</ref> === Ditlhopho === Ditlhopho tsa baeemedi di dirwa kwa dikgosing. Ka letsatsi la go tlhophiwa, leina la motho yo o tlhophilweng le tsosiwa ka go tsholetsa letsogo, mme motho yo o tlhophilweng o amogela kgotsa o gana go tlhophiwa. Fa a ka amogelwa, motho yo o tlhophilweng o tshwanetse go engwa nokeng ke maloko a le lesome a morafe oo. Ba ba tlhophilweng ke baemedi ba maemo a go nna leloko la Palamente, Tlhogo ya Setlhopha sa Palamente (''Indvuna''), le Komiti ya Khuduthamaga ya Setlhopha sa Palamente (''Bucopho''). Palo e e kwa tlase ya batho ba ba tlhophilweng ke ba le bane mme palo e e kwa godimo ke ba le lesome.<ref name=":8">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150416062059/http://eisa.org.za/WEP/swatinkundla.htm "Swaziland: Tinkhundla electoral system"]. EISA. Archived from [http://www.eisa.org.za/WEP/swatinkundla.htm the original] on 16 April 2015. Retrieved 16 August 2014.</ref> Ditlhopho tsa pele le tsone di tshwarwa kwa maemong a bokgosana. E dirwa ka [[tlhopho ya sephiri]]. Ka nako ya ditlhopho tsa pele, batlhophi ba fiwa tshono ya go tlhopha leloko la komiti ya khuduthamaga (bucopho) ya lekgotla le le rileng. Maloko a palamente le tlhogo ya kgaolo le bone ba tlhophiwa go tswa mo lekgotleng lengwe le lengwe. Ditlhopho tsa bobedi le tsa bofelo di diragala kwa dikgaolong tse di farologaneng tse di bidiwang [[tinkhundla]].<ref name=":8" /> Baemedi ba ba fenyang ditlhopho tsa ntlha mo makgotleng ba tsewa e le ba ba kgethilweng mo ditlhophong tsa bobedi mo maemong a dikhundla kgotsa dikgaolo tsa botlhophi. Ba ba tlhophilweng ba ba nang le ditlhopho tsa bontsi ba nna bafenyi mme ba nna maloko a palamente kgotsa tlhogo ya kgaolo ya botlhophi.<ref>[http://www.gov.sz/images/stories/justice/CONDUCT%20OF%20ELECTIONS%20IN%20SWAZILAND.pdf "Conduct of elections in Swaziland"] (PDF). Retrieved 16 August 2014.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150416090129/http://eisa.org.za/WEP/swa4.htm "Swaziland: Electoral system".] EISA. Archived from [http://www.eisa.org.za/WEP/swa4.htm the original] on 16 April 2015. Retrieved 16 August 2014.</ref> Go ya ka 2023 [[V-Dem Democracy indices]] Eswatini ke lone la borobabongwe le le kwa tlase lefatshe ka bophara le la bobedi le le kwa tlase mo [[tlhophong ya puso ya batho ka batho mo Aforika.]] === Dikamano le mafatshe a sele === {{Main|Dikamano le mafatshe a sele le Eswatini}} Eswatini ke leloko la [[United Nations]], [[Commonwealth of Nations]], [[African Union]], [[Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa]], le [[Southern African Development Community]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180814103559/http://sz.one.un.org/ "United Nations in Swaziland"]. ''sz.one.un.org''. Archived from [http://sz.one.un.org/ the original] on 14 August 2018. Retrieved 14 August 2018.</ref><ref>[http://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/kingdom-eswatini "Kingdom of eSwatini | The Commonwealth".] ''thecommonwealth.org''. 15 August 2013. Retrieved 14 August 2018.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180814103916/https://au.int/en/countryprofiles/kingdom-swaziland "Kingdom of Swaziland | African Union"]. ''au.int''. Archived from [https://au.int/en/countryprofiles/kingdom-swaziland the original] on 14 August 2018. Retrieved 14 August 2018.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180814165906/http://www.comesa.int/comesa-members-states/ "COMESA Members States – Common Market for Eastern & Southern Africa"]. ''Common Market for Eastern & Southern Africa''. Archived from [http://www.comesa.int/comesa-members-states/ the original] on 14 August 2018. Retrieved 14 August 2018.</ref><ref>[https://www.sadc.int/member-states/swaziland/ "Southern African Development Community :: Eswatini".] ''sadc.int''. Retrieved 14 August 2018.</ref> Go tloga ka 2024, ke lone fela lefatshe mo Aforika le le nang le dikamano le Taiwan mme e seng le People's Republic of [[China]].<ref>Madowo, Larry (14 January 2019). [https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-46831852 "eSwatini – Taiwan's last friend in Africa".] ''[[:en:BBC|BBC]]''. Retrieved 24 May 2021.</ref> === Tsamaiso ya boatlhodi === Tsamaiso ya boatlhodi kwa Eswatini ke tsamaiso e e kopanetsweng. Molaotheo wa 2005 o tlhomile tsamaiso ya dikgotlatshekelo e e theilweng mo mokgweng wa Bophirima e e nang le Dikgotlatshekelo tsa Makaseterata tsa kgaolo di le nne, Kgotlatshekelo e Kgolo, le Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo (Kgotlatshekelo Kgolo), tse di ikemetseng ka nosi mo taolong ya bogosi. Mo godimo ga moo, dikgotlatshekelo tsa setso (Dikgotlatshekelo tsa Swazi kgotsa Dikgotlatshekelo tsa Setso) di dirisana le ditlolomolao tse dinnye le ditlolomolao tsa molao le ngwao ya setso sa Seswati.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160211091709/http://www.gov.sz/index.php/about-us-sp-15933109/governance/judiciary "Judiciary".] ''The Government of the Kingdom of Eswatini''. Archived from [http://www.gov.sz/index.php/about-us-sp-15933109/governance/judiciary the original] on 11 February 2016. Retrieved 26 September 2019.</ref> Baatlhodi ba tlhophiwa ke kgosi mme gantsi ke batswakwa ba ba tswang mo Aforika Borwa.<ref>[http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Africa/Swaziland-JUDICIAL-SYSTEM.html "Swaziland – Judicial system"]. Nations Encyclopaedia. Retrieved 21 February 2016.</ref> Kgotlatshekelo Kgolo, e e neng ya emisetsa Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo ya pele, e na le moatlhodimogolo le baatlhodi ba bangwe ba le bane ba Kgotlatshekelo Kgolo. Kgotlatshekelo e Kgolo e na le moatlhodimogolo le bonnye jwa baatlhodi ba le bane ba Kgotlatshekelo e Kgolo.<ref>[http://www.nyulawglobal.org/globalex/Swaziland.html "The Law and Legal Research in Swaziland".] Hauser Global Law School Program. Retrieved 21 February 2016.</ref> Baatlhodi ba bagolo e ne e le: * 1967-1970: Sir Isadore Victor Elgan * 1970-1972: Sir [[Philip Pike]]<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=GWZmAAAAMAAJ "Who's who of Southern Africa"]. Argus Printing & Publishing Company. 1977.</ref> * 1972-1973-?: Roland Hill * ?-1974-1983-?: Charles Nathan * 1985-1991: Nicholas Robin Hannah<ref>[https://www.namibian.com.na/archive19982004/2005/december/national/05EFE732F7.html "High Court's longest-serving Judge retires from the bench".] ''www.namibian.com.na''.</ref> * 1998-2002: Stanley Sapire * 2002-2007: Jacobus Annandale (acting) * 2007-2010: [[Richard Banda]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110817025935/http://african-parks.org/apffoundation/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=38&Itemid=76 "The African Parks Network: Board"]. Archived from [http://african-parks.org/apffoundation/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=38&Itemid=76 the original] on 17 August 2011. Retrieved 18 January 2019.</ref> * 2010-2015: [[Michael Ramodibedi]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20131215162228/http://thenewage.co.za/54489-1007-53-Swaziland_government_reappoints_controversial_chief_judge "Swaziland government re-appoints controversial chief judge".] ''The New Age Online''. 25 June 2012. Archived from [http://thenewage.co.za/54489-1007-53-Swaziland_government_reappoints_controversial_chief_judge the original] on 15 December 2013. Retrieved 18 January 2019.</ref> * 2015-present: [[Bheki Maphalala]]<ref>Ndzimandze, Mbongiseni (13 November 2015). [https://web.archive.org/web/20190119121201/http://www.times.co.sz/news/105547-justice-maphalala-confirmed-as-cj.html "Justice Maphalala Confirmed as CJ"]. ''Times of Swaziland''. Archived from [http://www.times.co.sz/news/105547-justice-maphalala-confirmed-as-cj.html the original] on 19 January 2019. Retrieved 18 January 2019.</ref> === Tsa sesole === [[Setshwantsho:Rangers in Action 22-African Land Forces Summit-US Army Africa-13 MAY 2010.jpg|thumb|Badiredibagolo ba sesole sa Eswatini]] Sesole sa Eswatini ([[Umbutfo Eswatini Defence Force]]) se dirisiwa thata ka nako ya ditshupetso tsa selegae, ka ditirelo dingwe tsa kwa melelwaneng le makgetho a kwa melelwaneng. Sesole ga se ise se nne le seabe mo kgotlhang ya kwa ntle ga lefatshe.<ref>[http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&click_id=84&art_id=qw1101220382909B224 "Crash diminishes Swaziland's air force".] [[:en:Independent_Online_(South_Africa)|Independent Online (South Africa).]] 23 November 2004. Retrieved 19 October 2009.</ref> Kgosi ke molaodi-mogolo wa sesole sa tshireletso le tona ya Lephata la Tshireletso.<ref>[http://www.africafocus.org/docs11/swaz1104.php "Swaziland: Time for Democracy?"]. Africafocus.org. Retrieved 6 July 2012.</ref> Go na le batho ba ba ka nnang 3,000 mo sesoleng, mme sesole ke sone se se nang le palo e kgolo go gaisa. Go na le sesole se se potlana sa difofane, se se dirisiwang thata go rwala kgosi le dithoto le badiri, go tlhatlhoba lefatshe ka ditiro tsa go batla le go namola, le go dira mo maemong a tshoganyetso a bosetšhaba.<ref>[http://www.janes.com/articles/Janes-Sentinel-Security-Assessment-Southern-Africa/Air-force-Swaziland.html "Air force (Swaziland) – Sentinel Security Assessment – Southern Africa".] Janes.com. 12 April 2011. Retrieved 6 July 2012.</ref> == Dikgaogano tsa tsamaiso == {{Main|Dikgaolo tsa Eswatini}} [[Setshwantsho:Eswatini, administrative divisions - en - colored.png|thumb]] Eswatini e kgaogantswe ka dikgaolo di le nne: [[Hhohho]], [[Lubombo]], [[Manzini]], le [[Shiselweni]]. Mo go nngwe le nngwe ya dikgaolo tse nne, go na le di-''tinkhundla'' di le mmalwa ( fa ele nngwe ''inkhundla''). Dikgaolo di laolwa ke motsamaisi wa kgaolo, yo o thusiwang ke maloko a a tlhophilweng mo inkhundla nngwe le nngwe.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150923204654/http://www.clgf.org.uk/userfiles/1/files/Swaziland%20local%20government%20profile%202011-12.pdf "Country Profile: Swaziland: The local government system in Swaziland"] (PDF). ''Commonwealth Local Government Forum''. 16 May 2013. Archived from [http://www.clgf.org.uk/userfiles/1/files/Swaziland%20local%20government%20profile%202011-12.pdf the original] (PDF) on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 19 October 2014.</ref> Mmuso wa selegae o kgaogantswe ka makgotla a a rulagantsweng ka tsela e e farologaneng a metseselegae le a ditoropo go ikaegilwe ka seemo sa tlhabololo mo lefelong leo. Le fa gone go na le dipopego tse di farologaneng tsa sepolotiki tsa dipuso tsa selegae, tota dikhansele tsa ditoropo ke bommasepala mme dikhansele tsa selegae ke tinkhundla. Go na le dimasepala di le 12 le di-tinkhundla di le 55.<ref>[https://www.gov.sz/index.php/about-us-sp-15933109/governance/political-system "Tinkhundla Political System".] ''The Government of the Kingdom of Eswatini''. 2021. Retrieved 2 March 2023.</ref> Inkhundla nngwe le nngwe e na le komiti ya tlhabololo (''bucopho'') e e tlhophilweng go tswa mo ditlhopheng tse di farologaneng tsa ditlhopho mo kgaolong ya yone ka paka ya dingwaga di le tlhano. Bo-Bucopho ba isa kwa go Inkhundla dikgang tsotlhe tse di kgatlhang le tse di tshwenyang ditlhopha tsa bone tse di farologaneng tsa makgotla, mme ba bo ba busetsa kwa makgotleng ditshwetso tsa Inkhundla. Modulasetilo wa bucopho o tlhophiwa kwa inkhundla mme o bidiwa ''indvuna ye nkhundla''. Go na le ditlhopha di le tharo tsa puso mo mafelong a ditoropo mme tseno ke dikhansele tsa ditoropo, dikhansele tsa metsesetoropo le makgotla a ditoropo. Mofuta ono o akanyetsa bogolo jwa motsesetoropo kgotsa toropo. Ka go tshwana, go na le ditlhopha di le tharo mo dikgaolong tsa magae tse e leng botsamaisi jwa kgaolo mo maemong a kgaolo, tinkhundla le makgotla. Ditshwetso di dirwa ke Khansele e e Feletseng go ikaegilwe ka dikakantsho tse di dirilweng ke dikomiti tse di potlana tse di farologaneng. Mokwadisi wa toropokgolo ke mogakolodi yo mogolo mo khanseleng nngwe le nngwe ya selegae kgotsa mo lekgotleng la toropo. Go na le mafelo a ditoropo a le masome a mabedi a a begilweng, a a akaretsang dikhansele di le pedi tsa toropo, dikhansele di le tharo tsa metsesetoropo le makgotla a le supa a toropo. Metsemegolo le ditoropo tsa Eswatini ke [[Manzini]], [[Mbabane]], [[Nhlangano]] le [[Siteki]] tse gape e leng ditoropo tsa dikgaolo. {| class="wikitable sortable" !Kgaolo # !Kgaolo !Motsemogolo !Botona (km²) !Dipalopalo tsa batho (palo-batho ya 2017) |- |1 |Hhohho |Mbabane |3,625.17 |320,651 |- |2 |Manzini |Manzini |4,093.59 |355,945 |- |3 |Lubombo |Siteki |5,849.11 |R |- |4 |Shiselweni |Nhlangano |3,786.71 |204,111 |} == Itsholelo == [[Itsholelo ya Eswatini]] e kabakanye, ka temothuo, dikgwa le meepo e lebagane le 13% ya GDP, madirelo (diaparo le ditlamelo tse di amanang le sukiri) di emetse 37% ya GDP le ditirelo - ka ditirelo tsa mmuso di eteletse pele - di bopa 50% ya GDP. [[Title Deed]] Lands (TDLs), mo bontsi jwa dijalo tsa boleng jo bo kwa godimo bo jalwang teng (sukiri, dikgwa, le maungo), di tshwaiwa ke dipeeletso tse di kwa godimo le nosetso, le poelo e e kwa godimo. Mo e ka nnang 75% ya baagi e thapilwe mo t[[emothuong ya go itshedisa]] mo [[Swazi Nation Land]] (SNL). Go farologana le dipolase tsa kgwebo, SNL e na le poelo e e kwa tlase le dipeeletso tse di kwa tlase. [[Setshwantsho:Eswatini GDP per capita chart.svg|left|thumb|GDP ka motho le motho, 1970 go ya go 2019]] Temo ya [[ntshe]], e e leng selo se segolo se se romelwang kwa mafatsheng a sele, go dirile gore batho ba le bantsi ba lelekwe kwa metseng ya magae go ya go aga ditshimo, go dirisiwa ga bana go bereka le go bereka diura di le masome a marataro ka beke. [[International Trade Union Confederation]] e bua ka "diemo tse di thata le tse di sa itekanelang tsa tiro, dituelo tse di kwa tlase le go gatelelwa ka dikgoka ga maiteko ape fela a go dira mokgatlho wa badiri".<ref name=":9">[https://mondediplo.com/2018/10/10swaziland "Africa's last absolute monarchy"]. ''Le Monde Diplomatique''. October 2018.</ref> Kgolo ya itsholelo e saletse kwa morago fa e bapisiwa le ya mafatshe a a mabapi. Kgolo ya GDP ya mmatota fa e sale ka 2001 e nnile ka palogare ya 2.8%, e e kwa tlase ka diperesente di le 2 go feta kgolo ya mafatshe a mangwe a maloko a [[Southern African Customs Union]] (SACU). Go bonala fa dilo tse di bakang seno e le selekanyo se se kwa tlase sa dipoelo tsa temothuo mo dinageng tsa SNL, go nna le komelelo gangwe le gape, ditlamorago tse di senyang tsa HIV/AIDS le gore puso e kgolo thata e bile e sa dire sentle. Madi a setšhaba sa Eswatini a ne a ya kwa tlase kwa bokhutlong jwa dingwaga tsa bo1990 morago ga go nna le madi a mantsi a a neng a le kwa godimo ngwaga pele ga foo. Go fokotsega ga lotseno le go oketsega ga ditshenyegelo go ne ga felela ka gore go nne le tlhaelo e kgolo ya madi. [[Setshwantsho:Central Bank of Eswatini.jpg|thumb|Central Bank kwa Mbabane]] Itsholelo ya Eswatini e golagane thata le [[itsholelo ya Aforika Borwa]], e e amogelang go feta 90% ya dithoto tse di rekwang kwa ntle ga lefatshe tsa yone le e e romelang 70% ya dithoto tse di rekisiwang kwa ntle ga lefatshe tsa yone. Ditsala tse dingwe tsa Eswatini tsa kgwebo ke United States (ka fa tlase ga [[African Growth and Opportunity Act]]) le EU, e lefatshe le le amogetseng ditshiamelo tsa kgwebo tsa go romela diaparo kwa US le tsa sukiri kwa EU. Ka ntlha ya ditumalano tseo, go romelwa ga diaparo le sukiri kwa mafatsheng a sele go ne ga gola ka bonako mme ga okediwa thata ke dipeeletso tse di tswang kwa mafatsheng a sele. [[Setshwantsho:Southern African Customs Union.svg|thumb|Eswatini ke karolo ya Southern African Customs Union (botala).]] Go tswelela pele go nna matlhagatlhaga ga lephata la thomelontle ya dithoto go tshosediwa ke go ntshiwa ga ditshiamelo tsa kgwebisano tsa dilwana tsa matsela, go tsenngwa ga ditshiamelo tse di tshwanang tsa mafatshe a Botlhaba jwa Asia, le go fedisiwa ga ditlhwatlhwa tsa tshoganyetso tsa sukiri mo mmarakeng wa EU. Ka jalo, Eswatini e tla tshwanelwa ke go lebana le kgwetlho ya go tswelela e le mo kgaisanong mo tikologong e e fetogang ya lefatshe lotlhe. Tshekatsheko ya Maemo a Dipeeletso e supa diphitlhelelo dingwe tse di siameng, e leng gore dipoelo tsa Eswatini di mo gare ga tse di ntshang maduo a a kwa godimo thata mo Sub-Saharan Africa, le fa di sa ntshe maduo a a kwa tlase go na le dipoelo mo mafatsheng a a nang le leetseno le le fa gare a a ntshang maduo a a kwa godimo thata mo dikgaolong tse dingwe. Di bapisiwa sentle le tsa mafatshe a a nang le letseno le le kwa tlase le le le fa gare mme di kgorelediwa ke dithulaganyo tse di sa lekaneng tsa puso le mafaratlhatlha.<ref name=":10">[https://www.state.gov/reports/2020-investment-climate-statements/eswatini/ "Eswatini".] ''United States Department of State''. Retrieved 20 September 2021.</ref> Madi a Eswatini, [[lilangeni,]] a golagantswe le [[ranta ya Afrika Borwa]], e leng se se dirang gore molao wa madi wa Eswatini o tsamaisane le wa Afrika Borwa. Dithoto tsa kwa Afrika Borwa le madi a a romelwang ke badiri go tswa mo Afrika Borwa di tlaleletsa letseno le le bonwang mo lefatsheng. Eswatini ga e humanege thata gore e ka nna le lenaneo la [[IMF]]; le fa go ntse jalo, lefatshe leno le kgaratlhela go fokotsa bogolo jwa tirelo ya setšhaba le go laola ditshenyegelo tsa dikgwebo tsa setšhaba. Puso e leka go tokafatsa tikologo ya dipeeletso tse di tlhamaletseng tsa mafatshe a sele.<ref name=":10" /> Ditirelo tsa setšhaba di tlhabolotswe ka tsela e e bokoa: lefatshe le le na le dikoloi tsa sepatela tsa setšhaba di le lesome le bobedi fela, dikolo tse di botlana ka kakaretso ga di sa tlhole di tlamela baithuti ka dijo mme le marekisetso a melemo a a nyelela.<ref name=":9" /> Bontsi jwa khumo ya kwa Eswatini bo mo diatleng tsa puso le kgosi, go akaretsa lefatshe le dikompone tse dikgolo jaaka RES (Royal Eswatini Sugar) Corporation e e leng mo diatleng tsa letlole la bogosi la khumo, [[Tibiyo Taka Ngwane]], le 6.5% e nngwe e e leng ya puso ya Eswatini.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230617220926/http://www.times.co.sz/business/133412-res-shareholders-pocket-millions.html "Times Of Swaziland"]. ''www.times.co.sz''. Archived from [http://www.times.co.sz/business/133412-res-shareholders-pocket-millions.html the original] on 17 June 2023. Retrieved 27 June 2023.</ref> Mo bathong ba le bantsi, ditiro tsa itsholelo e e ikemetseng ka nosi di akaretsa temothuo ya go itshedisa. Gape go na le dikgwebo tse di ikemetseng tse di tsamaisiwang ke borakgwebo ba le 15 000 go akaretsa dikokomane tsa bafaladi ba kwa Britain le babeeletsi ba bangwe ba Aforika Borwa ba ba tlileng kwa Eswatini ka gonne ba kgona go hira badiri ka bonyenyane jwa dituelo tse ba neng ba ka di duela kwa Aforika Borwa.<ref name=":9" /> Kgosi Mswati III o amogela 8% ya tekanyetsokabo ya bosetšhaba ya ditshenyegelo tsa semmuso. Mapodise a amogela 5% ya tekanyetsokabo, fela jaaka masole.<ref name=":9" /> == Dipalopalo tsa batho == === Ditoropokgolo === {| class="wikitable" |+Ditoropokgolo kgotsa metsamegolo ya Eswatini !Maemo !Leina !Kgaolo !Palo |- |1 |Manzini |Manzini |110,537 |- |2 |Mbabane |Hhohho |76,218 |- |3 |Big Bend |Lubombo |10,342 |- |4 |Malkerns |Manzini |9,724 |- |5 |Nhlangano |Shiselweni |9,016 |- |6 |Mhlume |Lubombo |8,652 |- |7 |Hluti |Shiselweni |6,763 |- |8 |Siteki |Lubombo |6,152 |- |9 |Piggs Peak |Hhohho |5,750 |- |10 |Lobamba |Hhohho |4,557 |} [[Setshwantsho:Eswatini-demography.svg|thumb|Palo ya batho ba Eswatini ka dikete (1950 - 2021)]] Bontsi jwa baagi ba Eswatini ke ba morafe wa Se[[Swazi]], ba kopane le palo e nnye ya Ma[[Zulu]] le [[MaAforika a Basweu]], ba bontsi jwa bone e leng batho ba ba tlholegang ele ma Britain le [[Afrikaner]]. Ka tlwaelo Baswazi e ne e le balemibarui le badisa ba ba itshedisang, fela bontsi jwa bone jaanong ba tswakanya ditiro tse di ntseng jalo le tiro mo itsholelong e e golang ya ditoropo le mo pusong. Baswazi bangwe ba dira mo meepong kwa Afrika Borwa.<ref>[https://reliefweb.int/report/swaziland/search-swaziland%E2%80%99s-tb-infected-mine-workers "The Search for Swaziland's TB-Infected Mine Workers – Eswatini".] ''ReliefWeb''. Retrieved 13 March 2021.</ref> Eswatini gape e amogetse baagi ba [[MaPotokisi]] le batshabi ba MaAforika go tswa Mozambique. Bokeresete kwa Eswatini ka dinako tse dingwe bo tswakanngwa le ditumelo le ditlwaelo tsa setso. Batho ba le bantsi ba ba ratang ngwao ba dumela gore bontsi jwa Ba-Swazi ba tsaya kgosi e na le seabe se se kgethegileng mo bodumeding.<ref>[https://www.fraserburghherald.co.uk/news/inverallochy-couples-mission-trip-2586765 "Inverallochy couple's Mission trip".] ''www.fraserburghherald.co.uk''. Retrieved 23 March 2021.</ref> === Dipuo === ''[[SiSwati]]''<ref>U.S. Department of State. [https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2841.htm "Background Note:Swaziland"]. Retrieved 29 December 2009.</ref> (e e itsigeng gape ele ''Swati, Swazi'' kgotsa ''Siswati'') ke puo ya Bantu ya setlhopha sa ba [[Nguni]], e e buiwang kwa Eswatini le Afrika Borwa. E buiwa ke batho ba le dimilione di le 2,5 mme e rutwa kwa dikolong. Ke puo ya semmuso ya Eswatini, mmogo le Seesemane,<ref>[http://www.gov.sz/images/stories/Constitution%20of%20%20SD-2005A001.pdf "The Constitution of the Kingdom of Swaziland Act, 2005"] (PDF). p.&nbsp;12. Retrieved 3 June 2018.</ref> le nngwe ya dipuo tsa semmuso tsa Aforika Borwa. Seesemane ke puo e e dirisediwang go buisana mo dikolong, mo kgwebong le mo metsweding ya dikgang.<ref>[https://www.familysearch.org/wiki/en/Kingdom_of_Eswatini_Languages "Kingdom of Eswatini Languages"]. ''FamilySearch Wiki''. 7 September 2021. Retrieved 17 October 2021.</ref> Batho ba ba ka nnang 76,000 mo lefatsheng le ba bua Se[[Zulu]].<ref>Lewis, M. Paul (2009). [http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=SZ "Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Sixteenth edition".] Retrieved 29 December 2009.</ref> Se[[Tsonga]], se se buiwang ke batho ba le bantsi mo kgaolong eno, se buiwa ke batho ba ka nna 19 000 kwa Eswatini. Se-[[Afrikaans]] gape se buiwa ke baagi bangwe ba ba tlholegang ele ba Afrikaner. Sepotokisi se ne sa tsenngwa jaaka puo ya boraro mo dikolong ka ntlha ya morafe o mogolo wa batho ba ba buang Sepotokisi ba ba tswang kwa Mozambique kgotsa kwa Bokone le Bogare jwa Portugal.<ref>[https://iilp.wordpress.com/2018/10/23/africa-do-sul-sera-primeiro-pais-nao-europeu-com-ensino-complementar-de-lingua-portuguesa/ "África do Sul será primeiro país não europeu com ensino complementar de língua portuguesa"]. IILP. 2018. Retrieved 23 October 2018.</ref> === Tumelo === Diperesente di le masome a le borobabobedi le boraro tsa baagi botlhe ba kwa Eswatini ke Bakeresete. Kereke ya [[Anglican]], [[Protestant]] le [[dikereke tsa selegae tsa SeAforika]], go akaretsa le [[African Zionist]] (40%), di bopa bontsi jwa Bakeresete, di latelwa ke Bokatoliki ka 6% ya baagi. Ka 18 Phukwi 2012, [[Ellinah Wamukoya]] o ne a tlhophiwa go nna Mobishopo wa Anglican wa Swaziland, a nna mosadi wa ntlha go nna mobishopo mo Aforika mme a direla mo maemong ao go fitlha a tlhokafala ka 2021.<ref>[["Bishop of Swaziland and global environmental advocate Ellinah Wamukoya dies from COVID-19".]] ''episcopalnewsservice.org''. 19 January 2021. Retrieved 9 December 2021.</ref> Diperesente di le lesome le botlhano tsa baagi ba dumela [[ditumelo tsa setso]]; ditumelo tse dingwe tse e seng tsa Sekeresete tse di dirisiwang mo lefatsheng le di akaretsa Bo[[Islam]] (2%<ref>[https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/religiousfreedom/index.htm#wrapper "Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor International Religious Freedom Report for 2015".] U.S. State Department.</ref>), Tumelo ya [[Bahá'í]] (0.5%), le Bo[[Hindu]] (0.2%).<ref>Religious Intelligence. [https://web.archive.org/web/20080626110027/http://www.religiousintelligence.co.uk/country/?CountryID=161 "Country Profile: Swaziland (Kingdom of Swaziland)"]. Archived from [http://www.religiousintelligence.co.uk/country/?CountryID=161 the original] on 26 June 2008.</ref> Go ne go na le malapa a [[Bajuta]] a le 14 ka 2013.<ref>Maltz, Judy (7 May 2013). [http://www.haaretz.com/news/features/a-black-swazi-jew-defends-his-people-in-hungary.premium-1.519577 "A black Swazi Jew defends his people in Hungary"]. ''Haaretz''.</ref> Bogosi jwa Eswatini ga bo amogele manyalo a e seng a semolao jaaka dikgolagano tsa lenyalo la SeIslam.<ref>Zulu, Phathizwe (26 November 2016). [http://aa.com.tr/en/africa/swaziland-marriage-law-leaves-muslims-in-legal-quagmire/693456 "Swaziland marriage law leaves Muslims in legal quagmire"]. ''Anadolu Agency''. Turkey.</ref> === Botsogo === {{Main|Botsogo kwa Eswatini}}{{See also|Segajaja sa HIV/AIDS kwa Eswatini}} Go simologa ka 2019, Eswatini e na le palo e e kwa godimo ya batho ba ba tshwaeditsweng ke mogare wa HIV mo bathong ba dingwaga di le 15 go ya go 49 mo lefatsheng ka bophara(27.1%).<ref>[http://www.unaids.org/en/regionscountries/countries/swaziland "Swaziland 2016 Country factsheet".] ''[[UNAIDS]]''. Retrieved 14 January 2018.</ref><ref>[http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.DYN.AIDS.ZS/countries/1W?display=default "Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15–49)".] The World Bank. Retrieved 6 May 2014.</ref> Eswatini e na le maduo a 15.7 mo Global Hunger Index 2024, e le mo maemong a bo74.<ref>[https://www.globalhungerindex.org/ranking.html "Global Hunger Index Scores by 2024 GHI Rank"]. ''Global Hunger Index (GHI) - peer-reviewed annual publication designed to comprehensively measure and track hunger at the global, regional, and country levels''. Retrieved 17 December 2024.</ref> === Thuto === [[Setshwantsho:Rural primary school in Eswatini.jpg|thumb|Sekolo se se botlana sa kwa magaeng kwa Eswatini]] [[Thuto kwa Eswatini]] e simolola ka thuto ya pele ga sekolo ya masea, thuto ya sekolo se se botlana, ya dikolo tse dikgolwane, ya thuto le katiso ya kakaretso, le mmadikolo le dikholetšhe kwa maemong a thuto e e kwa godimo. Thuto ya pele ga sekolo gantsi ke ya bana ba dingwaga di le tlhano kgotsa tse di kwa tlase; morago ga moo, moithuti a ka ikwadisa mo sekolong se se botlana gongwe le gongwe mo lefatsheng. Ditheo tsa go tlhokomela bana le go ba ruta di dira jaaka dikolo tsa bana ba ba iseng ba tsene sekolo kgotsa mafelo a go tlhokomela bana a mo tikologong. Mo lefatsheng leo 21.6% ya bana ba dingwaga tsa pele ga sekolo ba kgona go tsena sekolo sa bana ba bannye.<ref>[http://www.gov.sz/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=302&Itemid=415 "Early Childhood & Care Education"]. Gov.sz. 22 September 2010. Retrieved 16 August 2014.</ref> Thuto ya sekolo se se botlana e simolola fa ngwana a le dingwaga di le thataro. Ke thulaganyo ya dingwaga di le supa e e felelang ka tlhatlhobo ya bofelo ya sekolo se se botlana mo lokwalong lwa bosupa e e leng tlhatlhobo ya selegae e e laolwang ke Khansele ya Ditlhatlhobo ka dikolo.<ref>[http://www.gov.sz/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=295&Itemid=408 "Primary Education"]. Gov.sz. Retrieved 16 August 2014.</ref> Tsamaiso ya thuto ya dikolo tse dikgolwane ke thulaganyo ya dingwaga di le tlhano e e kgaogantsweng ka dingwaga di le tharo tsa sekolo se sebotlana sa bogareng le dingwaga di le pedi tsa sekolo se segolwane. Go na le tlhatlhobo ya setšhaba ya kwa ntle (Junior Certificate) kwa bokhutlong jwa junior secondary e baithuti ba tshwanetseng go e falola gore ba kgone go fetela kwa maemong a a kwa godimo a secondary. Lekgotla la Ditlhatlhobo la Swaziland le tsamaisa tlhatlhobo e. Kwa bokhutlong jwa maemo a a kwa godimo a sekolo se segolwane, baithuti ba nna mo tlhatlhobong ya setšhaba, Setlankana sa Kakaretso sa Thuto ya Sekontari sa Swaziland le Setlankana sa Boditšhabatšhaba sa Kakaretso sa Thuto ya Sekontari se se amogetsweng ke Ditlhatlhobo tsa Boditšhabatšhaba tsa Cambridge. Dikolo di le mmalwa di na le thulaganyo ya go ithuta ya Advanced Studies mo dithutong tsa tsone.<ref>[http://www.gov.sz/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=296&Itemid=409 "Secondary Education".] Gov.sz. Retrieved 16 August 2014.</ref> Go na le dikolo tsa setšhaba di le 830 go akaretsa dikolo tse di botlana le tse dikgolwane.<ref name=":11">Ministry of Education. [http://www.gov.sz/images/stories/edupolicies/schools%20lists%20by%20pay%20code%202011.pdf "School Lists"] (PDF). Swaziland Govt. Retrieved 7 February 2014.</ref> Gape go na le dikolo tse di ikemetseng tse 34 tse di amogetsweng le dikolo tse dingwe tse 14 tse di sa amogelweng. Palo e ntsi ya dikolo e mo kgaolong ya Hhohho.<ref name=":11" /> Thuto ke mahala kwa maemong a a botlana, bogolo segolo go tswa kwa mophatong wa ntlha go fitlha kwa mophatong wa bone le gape ke mahala mo baneng ba masiela le ba ba bokoa, fela ga e patelediwe.<ref name=":12">[https://web.archive.org/web/20090515092523/http://www.dol.gov/ilab/media/reports/iclp/tda2001/swaziland.htm "2001 Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor"]. [[Bureau of International Labor Affairs]], [[U.S. Department of Labor]]. 2002. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20090515092523/http://www.dol.gov/ilab/media/reports/iclp/tda2001/swaziland.htm the original] on 15 May 2009. Retrieved 29 December 2009.</ref> Ka 1996, palogotlhe ya baithuti ba ba ikwadisitseng mo sekolong sa se botlana e ne e le 90.8%, ka tekatekano ya bong kwa maemong a botlana.<ref name=":12" /> Ka 1998, 80.5% ya bana ba ne ba fitlha kwa lokwalong la botlhano.<ref name=":12" /> Ka 1963, Sekolo sa Waterford, se moragonyana se neng sa bidiwa [[Waterford Kamhlaba United World College of Southern Africa]], se ne sa tlhomiwa jaaka sekolo sa ntlha sa merafe e mentsi mo borwa jwa Afrika. Ka 1981, Waterford Kamhlaba o ne a ikamanya le [[United World Colleges]] jaaka United World College ya ntlha mo kontinenteng ya Afrika, le UWC e e leng yone fela mo Aforika fela go fitlha ka 2019, fa UWC East Africa kwa Tanzania e ikamanya le motsamao ono.<ref>[https://www.uwc.org/schools/uwc-east-africa "UWC East Africa"]. ''UWC''. Retrieved 20 June 2020.</ref> ==== Dithuto tse di kwa godimo ==== [[Yunibesiti ya Eswatini]], Yunibesiti ya Southern African Nazarene le Yunibesiti ya Eswatini Medical Christian ke dikolo tse di nayang thuto ya yunibesiti mo lefatsheng le. Khampase ya [[Limkokwing University of Creative Technology]] e ka fitlhelwa kwa Sidvwashini (Sidwashini), e leng motse o o gaufi le Mbabane. Ngwane Teacher's College le William Pitcher College ke dikholetšhe tse di rutang borutabana mo lefatsheng leo. Sepatela sa Good Shepherd kwa [[Siteki]] ke legae la College for Nursing Assistants.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160302113946/http://www.cbm.org/programmes/Good-Shepherd-Hospital-300030.php "Programme: Good Shepherd Hospital, Siteki, Swaziland &#x7C; CBM International".] Cbm.org. Archived from [http://www.cbm.org/programmes/Good-Shepherd-Hospital-300030.php the original] on 2 March 2016. Retrieved 16 August 2014.</ref><ref>Hester Klopper (2012). [https://books.google.com/books?id=P3kmklrR9zgC&q=good+shepherd+hospital+swaziland+nursing+school&pg=PT388 ''The State of Nursing and Nursing Education in Africa''.] Sigma Theta Tau. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1935476849|<bdi>978-1935476849</bdi>.]]</ref> Yunibesiti ya Eswatini ke yunibesiti ya bosetšhaba, e e tlhomilweng ka 1982 ka molao wa Palamente, mme e na le ntlokgolo kwa [[Kwaluseni]] le dikhampase tse dingwe kwa Mbabane le [[Luyengo]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20131216111649/http://www.uniswa.sz/uniswainfo/history "History &#x7C; University of Swaziland".] Uniswa.sz. 20 October 1975. Archived from [http://www.uniswa.sz/uniswainfo/history the original] on 16 December 2013. Retrieved 16 August 2014.</ref> Yunibesiti ya Southern African Nazarene kwa Manzini e ne ya tlhomiwa ka 2010 ka go kopanngwa ga Nazarene College of Nursing, College of Theology le Nazarene Teachers College.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20141108164401/http://www.africanazarene.org/africa-south "Church of the Nazarene Africa Region &#x7C; Africa South".] Africanazarene.org. Archived from [http://www.africanazarene.org/africa-south the original] on 8 November 2014. Retrieved 16 August 2014.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150216040208/http://www.ncnnews.com/nphweb/html/ncn/article.jsp?id=10009691 "Southern Africa Nazarene University launched in Swaziland – Nazarene Communications Network".] Ncnnews.com. 28 October 2010. Archived from [http://www.ncnnews.com/nphweb/html/ncn/article.jsp?id=10009691 the original] on 16 February 2015. Retrieved 16 August 2014.</ref> Yunibesiti ya Eswatini ya Bongaka ya Sekeresete,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20241221023007/https://emcu.ac.sz/founder/ "Founder".] ''EMCU''. Retrieved 2 August 2022.</ref> e tsepamisitse mo thutong ya bongaka, e ne ya tlhomiwa ka 2012 mme ke yunibesiti e ntšhwa ya Eswatini.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140707131607/http://www.scusz.ac/about-scu/our-vision-and-mission/ "Swaziland Christian University » Our Vision and Mission".] Scusz.ac. Archived from the original on 7 July 2014. Retrieved 16 August 2014.</ref> E kwa Mbabane.<ref>[["Swaziland Christian University» Contact us".|"Swaziland Christian University » Contact us".]] Scusz.ac. Archived from the original on 7 July 2014. Retrieved 16 August 2014.</ref> Khampase ya Yunibesiti ya Limkokwing e ne ya bulwa kwa Sidvwashini kwa Mbabane ka 2012.<ref>Rooney, Richard (15 November 2012). [http://allafrica.com/stories/201211160696.html "Swaziland: Limkokwing Reduces Minister to Tears (Page 1 of 2)"]. allAfrica.com. Retrieved 16 August 2014.</ref> Sekolo se segolo sa katiso ya setegeniki kwa Eswatini ke [[Eswatini College of Technology.]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230405025950/https://www.ecotsz.co.za/ "Eswatini College Of Technology – Looking To The Fututre".] ''www.ecotsz.co.za''. Archived from [https://www.ecotsz.co.za/ the original] on 5 April 2023. Retrieved 2 August 2022</ref> Dikolo tse dingwe tsa setegeniki le tsa boithuto di akaretsa [[Gwamile Vocational and Commercial Training Institute]] kwa [[Matsapha,]] Manzini Industrial and Training Centre kwa Manzini, Nhlangano Agricultural Skills Training Centre, le Siteki Industrial Training Centre. Mo godimo ga dikolo tse, bogosi bo na le Eswatini Institute of Management and Public Admistration (SIMPA)<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230405025948/https://simpamdi.business.site/ "Eswatini Institute of Management and Public Administration SIMPA".] ''simpamdi.business.site''. Archived from [https://simpamdi.business.site/ the original] on 5 April 2023. Retrieved 2 August 2022.</ref> le Institute of Development Management (IDM). SIMPA ke sekolo sa puso sa tsamaiso le tlhabololo, mme IDM ke mokgatlho wa kgaolo mo Botswana, Lesotho le Eswatini, o o tlamelang ka katiso, kgakololo le patlisiso mo tsamaisong. [[Poole College of Management]] ya North Carolina State University ke sekolo sa kgaitsadi sa SIMPA.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20141109233408/http://idmbls.com/content.php?id=23 "Welcome To IDM".] Idmbls.com. Archived from [http://www.idmbls.com/content.php?id=23 the original] on 9 November 2014. Retrieved 16 August 2014.</ref> Sekolo sa Tsamaiso sa Mananga se tlhomilwe kwa [[Ezulwini]] jaaka Sekolo sa Tsamaiso sa Temothuo sa Mananga ka 1972 jaaka sekolo sa boditšhabatšhaba sa tlhabololo ya botsamaisi se se tlamelang ka katiso ya batsamaisi ba bogareng le ba bagolo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140222060630/http://mananga.sz/company-history/ "Company History &#x7C; Mananga".] Archived from [http://mananga.sz/company-history/ the original] on 22 February 2014.</ref> == Bojanala == {{Main|Bojanala kwa Eswatini}} Bojanala kwa Eswatini bo tlhabolotswe thata ka nako ya [[Tlhaolele mo Aforika Borwa|tlhaolele]], bo ngoka baeti ka mananeo a a farologaneng le a Aforika Borwa.<ref name=":13">Harrison, David (1992). [http://www.cabdirect.org/abstracts/19921896887.html "Tradition, modernity and tourism in Swaziland".] ''Tourism and the Less Developed Countries''. Belhaven Press: 148–162.</ref> Bajanala ba ne ba tla go lebelela mananeo a thelebišene, ditiragalo tsa metshameko, le go betšha mo go neng go seyo kwa Afrika Borwa.<ref name=":13" /><ref>Helmut Wachowiak (2006). [https://books.google.com/books?id=IdLHAt9H8Q4C&pg=PA256 ''Tourism and borders: contemporary issues, policies, and international research''.] Burlington: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p.&nbsp;256. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN&nbsp;]][[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7546-4775-1|<bdi>978-0-7546-4775-1</bdi>.]]</ref> Palo ya bajanala e ne ya tlhatloga go tswa go 89,015 ka 1972 go ya go 257,997 ka 1989. Morago ga tlhaolele, kgolo ya itsholelo e ne ya fokotsega fa mafatshe a boagisani a ne a simolola go kgatlhisa.<ref name=":14">Hall, James (14 April 2004). [["Swazi tourism looks to the future".]] ''Mail & Guardian''. Johannesburg. Retrieved 26 April 2011.</ref> Jaanong, Eswatini e gatelela setso sa yone le maemo a yone jaaka bogosi jwa bofelo jwa Sub-Saharan Afrika go ngoka bajanala.<ref name=":14" /> Lekgotla la Bojanala la Eswatini, le le tlhomilweng ka 2003, le rotloetsa meletlo ya segosi le mabala a itloso bodutu a nang le diphologolo.<ref name=":14" /> Ka 2006, Eswatini e ne ya tsenela tumelano ya Tsela ya Lubombo le Aforika Borwa le Mozambique, e e letlelelang maeto a go kgabaganya molelwane ka pasa e le nngwe.<ref>Meyer, Jani (7 May 2006). [http://www.iol.co.za/news/africa/sa-signs-tourism-pact-with-mozambique-1.276714 "SA signs tourism pact with Mozambique".] ''The Independent Online''. Retrieved 25 April 2011.</ref> == Ngwao == {{Main|Setso sa Eswatini}}{{See also|Mmino le dipina kwa Eswatini}} [[Setshwantsho:King Mswati III, 2006.jpg|thumb|Kgosi Mswati III kwa moletlong wa go bina ka lotlhaka, kwa a tla tlhophang mosadi wa gagwe yo o latelang gone]] Setlhopha se segolo sa Ba-Swazi ke ntlo le jarata, e leng ntlo ya setso e e agilweng ka lotlhaka e e ruletsweng ka bojang jo bo omileng. Mo malapeng a a nang le basadi ba le bantsi, mosadi mongwe le mongwe o na le ntlwana ya gagwe le jarata e e dikologilweng ke legora la lotlhaka. Go na le dikago di le tharo tse di dirisediwang go robala, go apaya le go boloka (go dira bojalwa). Matlo a magolo a a agilweng ka dikgong le one a na le dikago tse di dirisediwang go nna mafelo a bonno a batho ba ba sa nyalang le a baeng. Karolo e e botlhokwa thata ya legae la setso ke lefelo le dikgomo di isiwang kwa go lone, e leng lefelo le le kgolokwe le le dikologilweng ke ditlhatshana tse dikgolo, tse di kgabaganyeditsweng ke dikala. Lefelo le dikgomo di isiwang kwa go lone le na le bokao jwa go dira meletlo le jwa go boloka dikhumo le go supa seriti. E na le dikhuti tse di tswaletsweng tsa dithoro. Go lebagana le lesaka la dikgomo go na le ntlwana e kgolo e e nnang le mmaagwe moeteledipele wa lelapa. Tlhogo ya lelapa ke yone e laolang dilo tsotlhe mo lelapeng, mme gantsi o nyala basadi ba le bantsi. O etelela pele ka go tlhoma sekao le go gakolola basadi ba gagwe mo dikgannyeng tsotlhe tsa lelapa, mmogo le go tlhokomela gore lelapa le tshele sentle. Gape o ipha nako ya go tsalana le basimane ba bannye, ba gantsi e leng bomorwawe kana ba losika lwa gagwe, a ba gakolola ka dilo tse ba tshwanetseng go di lebelela fa ba gola le fa ba nna banna. [[Sangoma]] ke ngaka ya setso e e tlhophilweng ke bagologolwane ba lelapa leo le le rileng. Go katisa sangoma go bidiwa "kwetfwasa". Kwa bokhutlong jwa ikatiso eno, go nna le moletlo wa go aloga o mo go one ba-sangoma botlhe ba lefelo leo ba phuthegang mmogo go tla go ja le go bina. Motho o ya kwa go yo o bonelang pele isago ka mabaka a a farologaneng, a a jaaka go bona gore ke eng se se bakang bolwetse kana loso. Tlhatlhobo ya gagwe e theilwe mo go "kubhula", e leng mokgwa wa go buisana le maatla a a fetang a a tlwaelegileng ka go tsenwa ke mowa. Inyanga (ngaka le moitseanape wa tsa melemo ka tlhaloso ya Bophirima) o na le bokgoni jwa go latlhela lerapo ("kushaya ematsambo") jo bo dirisiwang go bona gore bolwetse bo bakwa ke eng. Tiragalo e e botlhokwa thata ya setso kwa Eswatini ke moletlo wa [[Incwala.]]<ref>[https://www.gov.sz/index.php/component/content/article/127-home-affairs/2369-the-annual-incwala-ceremony-begins?Itemid=799 "Incwala".] ''The Government of the Kingdom of Eswatini''.</ref> E tshwarwa ka letsatsi la bone morago ga ngwedi o o tletseng o o gaufi le letsatsi le le leele, 21 Sedimonthole. Gantsi Incwala e ranolwa ka Seesemane e le "mokete wa maungo a ntlha", mme go latswa ga kgosi thobo e ntšha ke karolo e le nngwe fela ya tse dintsi tse di dirwang mo moketeng ono o moleele. Incwala e ranolwa botoka jaaka "Mokete wa Bogosi": fa go se na kgosi, ga go na incwala. Ke tlolomolao gore motho ope fela a tshware Incwala. Moswazi mongwe le mongwe a ka nna le seabe mo dikarolong tsa setšhaba tsa Incwala. Tiragalo eno e fitlha kwa setlhoeng sa yone ka letsatsi la bonè la Big Incwala. Batho ba ba botlhokwa ke kgosi, kgosigadi mmè, basadi ba bogosi le bana, balaodi ba segosi (bo-[[induna]]), dikgosana, masole le "ba-bemanti" kana "batho ba metsi". Tiragalo e e itsegeng thata ya setso kwa Eswatini ke Mmino wa Ngwaga le Ngwaga wa [[Umhlanga Reed]]. Mo moletlong ono wa malatsi a le borobabobedi, basetsana ba kgaola matlhaka, ba a neela Kgosigadi Mmaetsho mme go tswa foo ba bina ba sa apara sepe mo sehubeng. E dirwa kwa bofelong jwa Phatwe kgotsa kwa tshimologong ya Lwetse. Basetsana ba ba sa nyalwang, ba ba se nang bana ke bone fela ba ba ka tsenang mo go yone. Maitlamo a moletlo ono ke go boloka basetsana ba itshekile, go direla Kgosigadi Mmaetsho le go rotloetsa kutlwano ka go dira mmogo. Lelapa la segosi le tlhopha mosetsana wa maemo a a kwa tlase go nna "induna" (mokapotene) wa basetsana mme o itsise matlha a moletlo wa ngwaga le ngwaga mo seromamoweng. Induna yo o tlhophilweng go lebeletswe gore e nne mmini yo o setswerere le yo o itseng melao ya segosi. Mongwe wa bomorwadie kgosi o mo emelela ka nako ya moletlo. Motantsho wa segompieno wa Reed ga se moetlo wa bogologolo mme ke tsela e tlwaelo ya bogologolo ya "[[umchwasho]]" e neng ya tswelela ka yone. Mo "umchwasho", basetsana botlhe ba babotlana ba ne ba bewa mo mophatong wa basetsana ba dingwaga tse di farologaneng. Fa mosetsana mongwe a ne a ka ima a sa nyalwa, lelapa la gaabo le ne le duela kgomo e le nngwe kwa kgosing ya lefelo leo. Morago ga dingwaga di le mmalwa, fa basetsana ba setse ba godile sentle gore ba ka nyalwa, ba ne ba direla mmè wa kgosigadi tiro ya bonatla, ba bo ba feleletsa ka go bina le go keteka. Lefatshe leno le ne le le kafa tlase ga ngwao ya "umchwasho" go fitlha ka 2005. Eswatini e itsege gape ka go nna teng ga yone thata mo madirelong a tiro ya diatla. Dikgwebo tsa diatla tsa Eswatini di thapa batho ba ba fetang 2500 mme bontsi jwa bone ke basadi.<ref>''TechnoServe Swaziland Handcrafts Impact Study'', February 2011</ref> Didirisiwa tse di supa setso sa Eswatini, go simolola ka didiriswa tsa ntlo, go kgabaganya ka mekgabiso ya botaki, go ya go dijana tsa galase tse di raraaneng, tsa letlapa kgotsa tsa logong. == Metshameko == Eswatini e ntse e romela batshamiki kwa [[Metshamekong ya Diolimpiki ya Selemo]] fa e sa le ka 1972 mme ga e ise e fenye. Lefatshe leno le fentse dietsele mo metshamekong ya bommampodi le lobelo kwa [[Metshamekong ya Commonwealth]]. Metshameko ya ditlhopha e e tumileng kwa Eswatini e akaretsa [[kgwele ya dinao]], [[cricket]] le [[rugby]]. [[Lebala la metshameko la Bosetšhaba la Somhlolo]] ke lefelo le legolo la metshameko. == Bona gape == * [[Outline of Eswatini]] * [[HIV/AIDS in Eswatini]] == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Mafatshe a Aforika]] <references /> 4b4hvtqqrpqaa1xtzzkd778rkn8bmos 0 10364 55320 47305 2026-09-22T23:35:46Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55320 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist|Name=Aar Maanta|image=58634321 aar.jpg|death_place=[[Jijiga]], Ethiopia|Genre=[[Mmino wa kwa Somalia]]|Occupation=Hlist .seopedi .mokwadi wa dipina. modiragatsi.motlhami.moletsa.modiri wa mmino|instruments=Hlist. vocals. deletswa sa mmino.keyboard. oud|Years_active=2004&ndash;le gone jaana|website={{URL|www.aarmaanta.com}}|Label=Maanta Music}} Hassan-Nour Sayid (Sesomali: Xasan-Nur Sayid, yo gape a itsiweng ka leina la gagwe la serala la Aar Maanta[<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150530044510/http://horseedmedia.net/2015/03/02/fanaanka-aar-maanta-oo-kaamara-qarsoon-lagu-helay-pranked/ <nowiki>"Fanaanka Aar Maanta oo kaamara qarsoon lagu helay [Pranked]"</nowiki>]. Horseedmedia.net. Archived from [https://fanaanka-aar-maanta-oo-kaamara-qarsoon-lagu-helay-pranked// the original] on 30 May 2015. Retrieved 2025-03-11</ref>) ke seopedi-mokwadi wa dipina wa Mosomali–Borithane, modiragatsi, motlhami, moletsi wa diletswa le motlhagisi wa mmino. == Botshelo jwa motho == Maanta, o tshotswe kwa Jigjiga, motsemogolo wa Kgaolo ya Somalia kwa Ethiopia<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20250312144527/https://ww25.addisrumble.com/%3Fp%3D3925%26subid1%3D20250312-0511-277f-866f-4dc8187be1d9 "Dhaanto and the Somali Music Revival"]. ''Addis Rumble''. 19 February 2014. Retrieved 2025-03-11</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150402141341/http://www.culturalco-operation.org/artist_network/artist/428/Aar_Maanta "Aar Maanta"]. ''culturalco-operation.org/''. Cultural Co-operation. Archived from [http://www.culturalco-operation.org/artist_network/artist/428/Aar_Maanta the original] on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 2025-03-11</ref>. Maanta moragonyana o ne a fudugela kwa United Kingdom kwa bokhutlong jwa dingwaga tsa bo 1980, pele ga ntwa ya selegae kwa Somalia.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-africa-22427833 "Singing for Somalia from the diaspora"]. BBC. 6 May 2013. Retrieved 2025-03-11</ref> Jaaka ngwana yo o nosi mo lefatsheng le le e ntšha, Maanta o ne a retologela kwa mminong go bona kgomotso, a amogela mefuta e le mentsi e e akaretsang pop, rock, hip hop, R&B le house. O ne a simolola go ithuta mmino kwa sekolong mme moragonyana a ya kwa mmadikolo. Le fa go ntse jalo, ka ntlha ya kgatelelo ya lelapa le go sa amogelwe ka ntlha ya tumelo ya gagwe ya Bomoseleme, Maanta o ne a kgothalediwa go latela tsela e e farologaneng ya tiro. Ka ntlha ya moo o ne a wetsa degree ya gagwe ya maranyane, mme kgabagare a boela kwa go opeleng.<ref name=":1">[http://www.aarmaanta.com/bg_birds/ "Aar Maanta Interview with Afro Pop Worldwide"]. ''Afro Pop''. 1 May 2009. Retrieved 2025-03-11</ref> == Tiro == Maanta o dira motswako wa eclectic wa mefuta e e kopantsweng le [[:en:Music_of_Somalia|mmino wa setso wa Somali]], go akaretsa le [[:en:Oud|setaele]] sa Qaraami ("dipina tsa lorato" ka [[:en:Somali_language|Sesomali]]) sa bogologolo se se ikaegileng ka oud sa dingwaga tsa bo 1940. Go ya ka ene, mmino wa setso wa Somalia o na le dilo tse dintsi tse di tshwanang le tsa Aforika Bokone, mme mefuta ya mmino wa Somalia e tswa mo ditlhotlheletsong tse di farologaneng, tse di jaaka medumo ya Searabia le ya Seindia. Maanta o bolela fa go nna le tebogo e e golang ka dingwaga mo meding ya mmino wa Se-Somalia, mmogo le go nna bonolo go opela dipina tse di theilweng mo mminong wa setso.<ref name=":1" /> Mmino wa gagwe o tlhalositswe jaaka 'afro-hop'.<ref>[https://www.mprnews.org/story/2015/04/10/aar-maanta "Aar Maanta is the voice of a new Somali generation"]. ''MPR News''. Minnesota Public Radio. 10 April 2015. Retrieved 2025-03-11</ref> Ka 2006, Maanta o ne a tshwara tiragatso ya gagwe ya ntlha e e itsegeng kwa [[:en:Rise_Festival|Rise: London United]], e leng moletlo o mogolo wa ditso tse dintsi kwa UK. Fa a le koo, o ne a tshameka mmogo le [[:en:Graham_Coxon|Graham Coxon]], [[:en:Buzzcocks|The Buzzcocks]] le ditlhopha tse dingwe tse di tlhageletseng. Basha le malapa a feta 80 000 ba ne ba nna teng kwa tiragalong eno, ba kopanya baagi ba London go tswa kwa merafeng e e farologaneng.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111031005957/http://www.bbc.co.uk/africabeyond/africaonyourstreet/features/17806.shtml "The African Village at the Rise festival 2006"]. [[:en:BBC|BBC]]. July 2007. Retrieved 22025-03-11</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Aar maanta.jpg|thumb|Aar Maanta a tshameka le setlhopha sa gagwe kwa Pier Scheveningen Strandweg kwa [[:en:The_Hague|the Hague]], Netherlands.]] Maanta o sale a dira le baopedi ba bangwe ba ba farologaneng go akaretsa le seopedi sa [[:en:Raï|Raï]] sa kwa Algeria e bong Abdelkader Saadoun, setlhopha sa mmino wa hip hop sa UK sa [[:en:Choong_Family|Lelapa la Choong]], le diopedi tsa Somalia [[:en:Maryam_Mursal|Maryam Mursal]] le [[:en:Hudeidi|Ahmed 'Hudeydi' Ismail Hussein]]. Ka ntlha ya go swabisiwa ke se a se tsayang e le go tlhoka dipina tse diša tsa Sesomali, Maanta o ne a tlhagisa rekoto ya gagwe ya dipina tsa ntlha mo studio sa gagwe sa kwa gae.<ref name=":1" />Ka 2008, alebamo ya gagwe ya ntlha ya Hiddo & Dhaqan e ne ya ntshiwa , e e neng e na le dipina tse di tshwanang "Asalamu Alaykum", "Saafi" le "Dhadhami"<ref>[https://www.allmusic.com/album/hiddo-dhaqan-mw0001709214 "Overview ''Hiddo & Dhaqan''"]. [[:en:AllMusic|AllMusic]]. Retrieved 2025-03-11</ref> Le fa go ne go na le koketsego e e bonalang ya Basomalia ba ba tswang kwa mafelong a mangwe mo dingwageng tsa bosheng jaana, go ne go sena ditlhopha tsa mmino tse di tshamekang mmino wa Somalia o o tshelang kwa ntle ga Lenaka la Aforika. Ka go lemoga tlhokego eno le tlhokego ya go rotloetsa alebamo ya gagwe, Aar Maanta o ne a tlhoma setlhopha sa mmino wa ditšhabatšhaba se se neng se bontsha go farologana ga ditlhotlheletso tsa gagwe tsa mmino le toropo ya gagwe ya motheo ya London. Aar Maanta jaanong ke ene fela moopedi wa mmino wa Somalia kwa Yuropa yo o atlegang go kopanya mmino wa setso wa Somalia le ditlhotlheletso tse di farologaneng tsa segompieno. Fa ba lemoga phitlhelelo eno ka 2010, seromamowa sa Star Africa ya Paris e ne ya bitsa Aar Maanta "motlhami wa setso sa Somalia kwa Lontone.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150918190031/http://www.thecedar.org/artists/aar-maanta "Aar Maanta"]. ''The Cedar''. Cedar Cultural Center. Archived from [https://www.thecedar.org/artists/aar-maanta/ the original] on 18 September 2015. Retrieved 2025-03-11</ref> Ka Lwetse 2011, Maanta o ne a patelesega go phimola tiragatso ya konsata kwa Cedar Cultural Center kwa [[:en:Minneapolis|Minneapolis]], morago ga gore a bo a setse a amogetse tetla ya go bona visa morago ga thulaganyo e telele ya go tlhatlhoba ke balaodi ba bafaladi ba U.S. Go ya ka barulaganyi ba moletlo, boemedi jwa U.S. kwa Lontone bo ne jwa diega go dira visa ya mopeedi ka ntlha ya gore ke Momoseleme, kwa a tswang teng le leina la gagwe la mmatota, Mohammed.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160609204250/http://freemuse.org/archives/1822 "Visa issues: Two orchestras forced to cancel their concerts"]. [[freemuse.org.]] 19 September 2011. Retrieved 2025-03-11</ref> Maanta le ene o ne a supa ka tsela e e tshwanang mo potsolotsong ya gagwe ya 2013 le [[:en:The_Independent|The Independent]] gore fa a ne a tsamaya kwa mafatsheng a sele, o ne a emisiwa ka tlwaelo le go bodiwa dipotso tse di sa tlwaelegang ke badiredi ba tshireletso ba UK ba ba apereng disutu. Fa a ne a ipelaetsa, o ne a dira tiragatso gape ya dipotsolotso tse di ntseng jalo kwa [[:en:Heathrow_Airport|Heathrow]] mo bidiong ya mmino wa pina ya gagwe e le nngwe ya "Deeqa"<ref>Taylor, Jerome (6 January 2013). [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/we-re-happy-to-help-mi5-but-coercing-us-to-spy-is-unacceptable-british-somalis-say-intelligence-agents-asking-for-too-much-8440270.html "We're happy to help MI5 – but coercing us to spy is unacceptable': British Somalis say intelligence agents asking for too much"]. ''The Independent''. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20130107043326/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/were-happy-to-help-mi5--but-coercing-us-to-spy-is-unacceptable-british-somalis-say-intelligence-agents-asking-for-too-much-8440270.html Archived] from the original on 7 January 2013. Retrieved 2025-03-11</ref> Ka Phalane 2013, Maanta o ne a simolola Leeto la go Fetola Pina, leeto la gagwe la ntlha la konsata kwa UK go tshegetsa alebamo ya gagwe ya Hiddo & Dhaqan.<ref>[https://www.trinitybristol.org.uk/whats-on/trinity-events-archive/2013/aar-maanta-with-full-live-band "Aar Maanta with full live band"]. [[3ca.org.uk.]] 16 October 2013. Retrieved 2025-03-11</ref>Ka nako ya meletlo ya [[:en:Eid_al-Fitr|Eid]] ya ngwaga, le ene o ne a diragatsa lekgetlo la ntlha kwa Jijiga. A opela mmogo le baopedi ba bangwe ba Somalia, Maanta o ne a opela pina ya setso ya [[:en:Dhaanto|Dhaanto]] ya kwa Somalia. <ref name=":0" /> Ka Tlhakole 2014, Maanta o ne a golola rekoto ya gagwe ya bobedi, e leng dipina di le thataro tsa EP Dipina tsa Somali go tswa kwa Diaspora.<ref>[https://music.apple.com/us/album/somali-songs-from-the-diaspora-ep/829598915 "Somali Songs from the Diaspora – EP – Aar Maanta"]. iTunes. 28 February 2014. Retrieved 2025-03-11</ref> Setlhopha sa gagwe sa mmino wa ditšhabatšhaba se ne sa dira tiro ya thulaganyo mo alebamong, mme [[:en:Maciek_Pysz|Maciek Pysz]] a tshameka ka katara mo "Deeqa". Rekoto e ne ya anamisiwa ka letshwao la ga Aar la Maanta Music.<ref>[https://soundcloud.com/aar-maanta/deeqa-acoustic-feat-maciek "Deeqa – Acoustic (feat. Maciek Pysz) by Aar Maanta".] Soundcloud.com. Retrieved 2025-03-11</ref> Ka Moranang 2015, Maanta o ne a diragatsa kwa Setheong sa Setso sa Cedar kwa Minneapolis jaaka karolo ya bonno jwa beke yotlhe jwa ga Midnimo.<ref>[https://www.thecedar.org/midnimo/ "Midnimo"]. ''The Cedar''. Cedar Cultural Center. Retrieved 2025-03-15</ref> Batho ba feta 700 ba ne ba le teng mme ba ne ba akaretsa maloko a morafe wa Somalia, baithuti ba Augsburg College, le barati ba bangwe ba mmino. Chris Riemenschneider wa Star Tribune o tlhalositse konsata ya ga Maanta jaaka "sekai sa buka ya se se dirang gore Cedar Cultural Center e nne e e kgethegileng".<ref>[https://www.startribune.com/item-world-jimmy-kimmel-time-switch-local-woman-wins-face-off-more/300102141 "Item World: Jimmy Kimmel time switch, local woman wins "Face Off," more"]. ''Star Tribune''. 15 April 2015. Retrieved 2025-03-11</ref> Maanta o tlhalosiwa ke baša [[:en:Somalis_in_the_United_Kingdom|ba Somalia kwa UK]] jaaka "lentswe la losika la rona" ka gonne dipina tsa gagwe di buisana ka dikgang tse di farologaneng tse di kgatlhang bafaladi ba Somalia.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090419083247/http://www.journalism.co.uk/66/articles/534074.php "Launch of debut album by rising Somali star"]. [[:en:Journalism.co.uk|Journalism.co.uk.]] 14 April 2009. Archived from [https://www.journalism.co.uk/66/articles/534074.php the original] on 19 April 2009. Retrieved 2025-03-11</ref> Dipina tsa gagwe di ile tsa tlhalosiwa e le "tse di tshwanang le tsa kwa Botlhaba-Gare" ka go opela ka tsela e e farologaneng le go bua ka tsela e e ritibetseng. Ke motshameki wa diletswa tse di farologaneng, o tshameka keyboard le oud, e e leng karolo e e botlhokwa ya mmino wa setso wa Somali, Searabia le Afrika Bokone. <ref name=":1" /> == Dimpho == * 2012 Somali Music Awards  -  Best Music Video, Minneapolis. == Dipina tsa mmino == * Hiddo & Dhaqan (2008, Mmino wa Gompieno) <ref>[https://www.allmusic.com/artist/aar-maanta-mn0001736331 "Discography—Aar Maanta"]. [[:en:AllMusic|AllMusic.]] Retrieved 2025-03-11</ref> * Dipina tsa Basomali go tswa kwa Diaspora (2014, Maanta Music) <ref>[https://music.apple.com/us/album/somali-songs-from-the-diaspora-ep/829598915 "Somali Songs from the Diaspora – EP Aar Maanta"]. iTunes. 28 February 2014. Retrieved 2025-03-11</ref> == Metswedi1. == == Metswedi e mengwe == [[Karolo:Mafatshe a Aforika]] [[Karolo:Batho ba morafe wa Somalia]] [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] [[Karolo:Ba-Somalia ba ba fudugetseng kwa United Kingdom]] [[Karolo:Baopedi ba lekgolo la bomasome a mabedi la dingwaga ba kwa Somalia]] <references /> == metswedi e mengwe == * [http://www.aarmaanta.com/ website ya semmuso] nfl7woalrgva1f88w60ywnhp3pcyjf6 0 10402 55355 42285 2026-09-23T05:49:02Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55355 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country | demonym = {{unbulleted list |Gabonese |Gabonaise}} | area_km2 = 267,668 | area_rank = 76th | GDP_PPP = {{increase}} $59,171 billion<ref name="IMFWEO.GA">{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=646,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2020&ey=2028&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1 |title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (Gabon) |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |website=IMF.org |date=10 October 2023 |access-date=16 October 2023 |archive-date=8 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231108163747/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=646,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2020&ey=2028&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1 |url-status=live }}</ref> | GDP_PPP_year = Ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi,masome a mabedi le botlhano(2025) | HDI = 0.693 <!--number only--> | HDI_year = 2022<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> | conventional_long_name = Gabonese Republic | common_name = Gabon | native_name = {{native name|fr|République gabonaise|fontsize=100%}} | image_flag = Flag of Gabon.svg | image_coat = Coat of arms of Gabon.svg | national_motto = {{native phrase|fr|"Union, Travail, Justice"|italics=off|nolink=on}}<br/>"Union, Work, Justice" | national_anthem = {{native phrase|fr|"[[La Concorde]]"|italics=off|nolink=on}}<br/>"The Concord" {{parabr}}{{center|[[File:La Concorde.ogg]]}} | image_map = {{switcher|[[File:Gabon (orthographic projection).svg|frameless]]|Show globe|[[File:Location Gabon AU Africa.svg|upright=1.15|frameless]]|Show map of Africa|default=1}} | capital = [[Libreville]] | coordinates = {{coord|0|23|N|9|27|E|type:city}} | largest_city = capital | official_languages = [[French language|French]] | languages_type = Regional languages | languages = {{collapsible list |framestyle=border:none; padding:0; |[[English language|English]] |[[Spanish language|Spanish]] |[[French language|French]] |[[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] |[[Fang language|Fang]] |[[Mbete language|Mbete]] |[[Myene language|Myene]] |[[Nzebi language|Nzebi]] |[[Punu language|Punu]] |[[Teke language|Teke]] |[[Vili language|Vili]]}} | ethnic_groups = {{hlist|[[Fang people|Fang]] |[[Punu people|Punu]] |Nzebi |[[Teke people|Teke]] |Myene |[[Kota people (Gabon)|Kota]] |[[Vili people|Vili]] |[[Mbama people|Mbama]] |and 42 others}} | religion = {{ublist |item_style=white-space:nowrap; |80.2% [[Christianity in Gabon|Christianity]] |10.8% [[Islam in Gabon|Islam]] |7.0% [[Irreligion|no religion]] |1.1% [[African Traditional Religion|traditional faiths]] |0.9% others }} | religion_ref = <ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/gabon/summaries | title=Country Summary | access-date=2025-03-03 | archive-date=2024-06-23 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240623185302/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/gabon/summaries/ | url-status=dead }}</ref> | government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[presidential system|presidential]] [[republic]] under a [[military junta]]<ref>{{cite web |last=Obangome |first=Gerauds Wilfried |title=Gabonese military officers announce on television they have seized power |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/gabonese-military-officers-announce-television-they-have-seized-power-2023-08-30/ |publisher=Reuters |date=30 August 2023 |access-date=30 August 2023 |archive-date=30 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230830050410/https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/gabonese-military-officers-announce-television-they-have-seized-power-2023-08-30/ |url-status=live }}</ref> | leader_title1 = [[List of heads of state of Gabon|Transitional President]] and [[Committee for the Transition and Restoration of Institutions|CTRI Chairman]]<ref>{{cite news |title=General Nguema appointed transitional president of Gabon following coup |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/general-nguema-appointed-transitional-president-of-gabon-following-coup/2979600 |access-date=31 August 2023 |work=[[Anadolu Agency]] |date=30 August 2023 |location=[[Kigali, Rwanda]] |archive-date=31 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230831133826/https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/general-nguema-appointed-transitional-president-of-gabon-following-coup/2979600 |url-status=live }}</ref> | leader_name1 = [[Brice Oligui Nguema]] | leader_title2 = [[Mothusa Tautona wa Gabon|Transitional Vice President]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Gabon: Joseph Owondault Berre nommé vice-président de la transition |url=https://acp.cd/international/gabon-joseph-owondault-berre-nomme-vice-president-de-la-transition/ |website=ACP |language=fr-FR |date=12 September 2023}}</ref> | leader_name2 = [[Joseph Owondault Berre]] | leader_title3 = [[Tonakgolo wa Gabon|Interim Prime Minister]]<ref>{{cite news |title=Gabon junta names former PM Raymond Ndong Sima as interim PM - statement |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/gabon-junta-names-former-pm-raymond-ndong-sima-interim-pm-statement-2023-09-07/ |access-date=7 September 2023 |work=[[Reuters]] |date=7 September 2023 |archive-date=7 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230907164025/https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/gabon-junta-names-former-pm-raymond-ndong-sima-interim-pm-statement-2023-09-07/ |url-status=live }}</ref> | leader_name3 = [[Raymond Ndong Sima]] | legislature = [[Palamente ya Gabon]] ''(suspended)'' <!--| upper_house = [[Senate (Gabon)|Senate]] | lower_house = [[National Assembly (Gabon)|National Assembly]]--> | sovereignty_type = Independence from | sovereignty_note = [[France]] | established_event1 = E thlomilwe | established_date1 = Ngwanatseele e le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi,ngwaga wa 1958 | established_event2 = E neetswe | established_date2 = Phatwe e le lesome le bosupaa, Ngwaga wa 1960 | established_event3 = [[1964 Gabonese coup d'état]] | established_date3 = Hirikgong a le lesome le bosupa go fitlha a le lesome leborobabongwe,ngwaga wa 1964 | established_event4 = [[2023 Gabonese coup d'état|2023 coup d'état]] | established_date4 = Phatwe ale masome a mararo,ngwaga wa 2023 | area_sq_mi = 103,347 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> | percent_water = 3.76% | population_estimate = 2,397,368<ref>{{Cite CIA World Factbook|country=Gabon|access-date=22 June 2023|year=2023}}</ref> | population_estimate_year = Ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi,masome a mabedi le boraro | population_estimate_rank = 146th | population_density_rank = 216th | population_density_sq_mi = 20.6 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> | GDP_PPP_rank = 132nd | GDP_PPP_per_capita = {{increase}} $24,682<ref name="IMFWEO.GA" /> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 83rd | GDP_nominal = {{increase}} $19.319 billion<ref name="IMFWEO.GA" /> | GDP_nominal_year = Ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi,masome a mabedi le bone (2024) | GDP_nominal_rank = 117th | GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $9,257<ref name="IMFWEO.GA" /> | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 75th | Gini = 38 <!--number only--> | Gini_year = Ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi,lesome le metso e supa(2017) | Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | Gini_ref = <ref>{{cite web |url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?locations=GA |title=GINI index (World Bank estimate) |publisher=[[World Bank]] |website=data.worldbank.org |access-date=20 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190121010840/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?locations=GA |archive-date=21 January 2019 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all}}</ref> | HDI_change = decrease<!--increase/decrease/steady--> | HDI_ref = web{{!}}url=https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2023-24reporten.pdf&#124;title=Human Development Report 2023/24{{!}}publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]]{{!}}date=13 March 2024{{!}}access-date=13 March 2024{{!}}archive-date=13 March 2024{{!}}archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2024<ref name="UNHDR">{{cite 0313164319/https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2023-24reporten.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> | HDI_rank = 123rd | currency = [[Central African CFA franc]] | currency_code = XAF | time_zone = [[West Africa Time|WAT]] | utc_offset = +1 | date_format = dd/mm/yyyy | drives_on = right | calling_code = [[+241]] | cctld = [[.ga]] | coa_size = 90 | religion_year = Ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi,masome a mabedi le motso (2021) }} Gabon (/ɡəˈbɒn/ gə-BON; French pronunciation: [ɡabɔ̃] i), ka semmuso ke Rephaboliki ya Gabonese (French), ke lefatshe le le mo lotshitshing lwa Atlantic ya Afrika Bogare, kwa ekhweithareng, e kgabagantswe ke [[Equatorial Guinea]] kwa bokone-bophirima, [[Cameroon]] kwa bokone, Rephaboliki ya Congo kwa botlhaba le borwa, le Kgogometso ya Guinea kwa bophirima. E na le bogolo jwa disekwerekilometara di le 270 000 mme e na le baagi ba le dimilione di le 2,3. Go na le dipoa tse di mo lotshitshing, dithaba (Dithaba tsa Cristal le Chaillu Massif mo bogareng), le savanna kwa botlhaba. [[Libreville]] ke motsemogolo wa lefatshe leo le toropo e tona go di feta tsotlhe. Batho ba ntlha go nna kwa Gabon e ne e le ba-pygmy. Go simologa ka lekgolo la bo lesome le bone la dingwaga, batho ba morafe wa Bantu le bone ba ne ba simolola go nna mo lefelong leno. Bogosi jwa Orungu bo ne jwa tlhomiwa ka 1700. Kgaolo eno e ne ya dirwa kolone ke Fora kwa bofelong jwa lekgolo la bo lesome le borobabongwe la dingwaga. Fa e sa le Gabon e bona boipuso jwa yone go tswa mo Fora ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro ( 1960), e ile ya nna le bo Tautona ba le bararo. Mo dingwageng tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe (1990), e ne ya simolola tsamaiso ya makoko a le mantsi le molaotheo wa temokerasi o o neng o ikaeletse go dira gore go nne le tsamaiso ya ditlhopho e e bonalang sentle le go fetola ditheo dingwe tsa puso. Le fa go ntse jalo, Democratic Party ya Gabon (PDG) e ne ya nna ya nna lekoko le le busang go fitlha le tlosiwa mo pusong ka nako ya coup d'état ya Gabon ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi,masome a mabedi le metso e meraro( 2023.) Gabon kelefatshe le le tlhabologang, e le mo boemong jwa bo lekgolo le masome a mabedi le boraro mo Human Development Index. Ke nngwe ya mafatshe a a humileng thata mo Afrika fa go lejwa lotseno lwa motho a le mongwe; lefa go ntse jalo, dikarolo tse dikgolo tsa baagi di humanegile thata. Omar Bongo o ne a simolola go busa ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe,masome a marataro le metso e supa ( 1967) mme a tlhoma bogosi, jo bo neng jwa dira gore maatla a jone a tlhomame ka go dirisa mokgatlho wa bagwebi, [[Françafrique.]]<ref>[https://www.tagesschau.de/ausland/afrika/gabun-niger-putsche-100.html "Gabun und Niger: "Wichtig, die Länder individuell zu betrachten""]. ''tagesschau.de'' (in German). [https://web.archive.org/web/20230831125717/https://www.tagesschau.de/ausland/afrika/gabun-niger-putsche-100.html Archived] from the original on 31 August 2023. Retrieved 31 August 2023.</ref> Puo ya semmuso ya Gabon ke Sefora, mme merafe ya Bantu e dira diperesente di le masome a robabongwe le botlhano sa baagi ba naga eno. Bokeresete ke bodumedi jo bogolo mo lefatshe leno, jo bo dirisiwang ke diperesente di ka nna masome a robabobedi tsa baagi. Ka peteroleamo le dipeeletso tsa poraefete tsa boditšhaba, e na le HDI ya bone e e kwa godimo<ref name=":2">[https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf "Human Development Report 2021/2022"] (PDF). [[:en:United_Nations_Development_Programme|United Nations Development Programme.]] 8 September 2022. [https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 8 September 2022.</ref> (morago ga M[[auritius, Seychelles]], le Afrika Borwa) le GDP ya botlhano e e kwa godimo go gaisa (PPP) (morago ga [[Seychelles, Mauritius,]] [[Equatorial Guinea]], le [[Botswana]]) ya morafe mongwe le mongwe wa Aforika. Gabon's nominal GDP per capita is $10,149 in 2023 according to OPEC.[ GDP ya Gabon ka motho ke $10,149 ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi,masome a mabedi le boraro( 2023) go ya ka [[OPEC]].<ref>[https://opecfund.org/who-we-are/member-countries/gabon "Gabon - OPEC Fund for International Development".] [https://web.archive.org/web/20240422143809/https://opecfund.org/who-we-are/member-countries/gabon Archived] from the original on 22 April 2024. Retrieved 22 January 2024.</ref> == Ditso == === Pele ga go dirwa Kolone === [[Batho ba Ba-Pygmy]] ba ba neng ba nna mo lefelong leo ba ne ba emisediwa ka bontsi ke merafe ya Banthu fa ba ntse ba fuduga. Ka dingwaga tsele tsabo bo lesome le borobabobedi, bogosi jwa ba ba buang [[Se-Myeni]] jo bo itsegeng jaaka Bogosi jwa Orungu bo ne jwa bopiwa jaaka lefelo la kgwebo le le nang le bokgoni jwa go reka le go rekisa makgoba, mme la wa ka go nyelela ga kgwebo ya makgoba ka dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabobedi le masome a supa (1870).<ref>Gates, Henry Louis & Kwame Anthony Appiah (1999). ''[[iarchive:africanaencyclop00appi/page/2095|Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience]]''. New York City: Basic Civitas Books. pp. [./1468https://archive.org/details/africanaencyclop00appi/page/1468 1468]. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>0[[:en:Special:BookSources/0-465-00071-1|-465-00071-1]]</bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/0-465-00071-1|.]]</ref> === '''Puso ya''' '''Sefora le boipuso''' === Motsamai [[Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza]] o ne a etelela pele thomo ya gagwe ya ntlha go ya kwa Gabon-Congo ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabobedi,masome a supa le metso e metlhano (1875).<ref>[[:en:George_Taubman_Goldie|Goldie, George Dashwood Taubman]] (1911). [[wikisource:1911_Encyclopædia_Britannica/Brazza,_Pierre_Paul_François_Camille_Savorgnan_de|"Brazza, Pierre Paul François Camille Savorgnan de"]] . ''[[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition|Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). pp. 464–465.</ref> O ne a tlhoma toropo ya [[Franceville]] mme moragonyana a nna mmusi wa kolone. Ditlhopha dingwe tsa Ba-Bantu di ne di nna mo lefelong leno fa Fora e ne e le gapa semmuso ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabobedi,masome a robabobedi le metso e metlhano (1885). Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le lesome (1910), Gabon e ne ya nna karolo ya [[French Equatorial Africa,]]<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13376333 "Gabon country profile".] ''BBC News''. 24 September 2018. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180925030921/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13376333 Archived] from the original on 25 September 2018. Retrieved 24 September 2018.</ref> e e neng ya nna teng go fitlha ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe,masome a matlhano le metso e robabobedi ( 1958). Mo Ntweng ya Lefatshe II, Ba-Allies ba ne ba tlhasela Gabon go menola puso ya bokoloniale ya Fora e e neng e ema Vichy nokeng. Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e le masome a mabedi le le borobabobedi ( 1958), Gabon e ne ya nna repaboliki e e ikemetseng ka nosi ka fa gare ga Setšhaba sa Fora, mme ka kgwedi Phatwe ele lesome le bosupa,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro (1960), e ne ya ikemela ka botlalo.<ref>[http://www.archontology.org/nations/gabon/01_polity.php "Gabon"]. Archontology. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210128073532/http://www.archontology.org/nations/gabon/01_polity.php Archived] from the original on 28 January 2021. Retrieved 21 January 2021</ref> ==== Boipuso ==== '''Puso ya ga M'ba''' Tautona wa ntlha wa Gabon, yo o neng a tlhophiwa ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe,masome a marataro le motso ( 1961), e ne e le [[Léon M'ba]], mme [[Omar Bongo]] Ondimba e ne e le motlatsa Tautona wa gagwe. Fa M'ba a sena go busa, metswedi ya dikgang e ne ya thibelwa, ditshupetso tsa sepolotiki di ne tsa thibelwa, kgololesego ya go bua e ne ya kgorelediwa, makoko a mangwe a sepolotiki a ne a kgaphelwa kwa thoko ka iketlo go tswa mo pusong, mme Molaotheo o ne wa fetolwa go ya ka melao ya Sefora gore o neye Tautona maatla, e leng tiro e M'ba a neng a e dira ka boene. Fa M'ba a ne a phimola Kokoano ya Bosetšhaba ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe,masome a marataro le metso e mene (1964) go tlhoma puso ya lekoko le le lengwe, masole a ne a leka go mo leleka mo pusong le go busetsa puso ya batho ka batho. Masole a Fora a a neng a le mo sefofaneng a ne a tla mo diureng di le masome a mabedi lebone go tla go busetsa M'ba mo pusong. Morago ga go lwa ka malatsi a le mantsi, puso e ne ya phutlhama mme baganetsi ba ne ba tsenngwa mo kgolegelong, mme ga latela ditshupetso le dikhuduego. ==== '''Puso ya Bongo le PDG''' ==== Fa M'Ba a ne a tlhokafala ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe,masome a marataro le metso e supa (1967), Bongo o ne a mo emisetsa jaaka Tautona. Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe,masome a marataro le metso e robabobedi (1968), Bongo o ne a bolela fa Gabon e le puso ya lekoko le le lengwe ka go fedisa BDG le go tlhoma lekoko le lesha - Parti Démocratique Gabonais (PDG). O ne a laletsa batho botlhe ba Gabon, go sa kgathalesege gore ba kile ba nna le seabe sefe mo dipolotiking, gore ba nne le seabe. Bongo o ne a batla go bopa mokgatlho o le mongwe wa bosetšhaba go tshegetsa dipholisi tsa tlhabololo tsa puso, a dirisa PDG jaaka sedirisiwa sa go nyeletsa dikgotlhang tsa kgaolo le tsa merafe tse di neng di kgaogantse dipolotiki tsa Gabon mo nakong e e fetileng. Bongo o ne a tlhophiwa go nna Tautona ka kgwedi ya Tlhalole ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe,masome a supa le metso e metlhano( 1975); ka kgwedi ya Moranang, ngwaga wa ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe,masome a supa le metso e metlhano (1975), maemo a motlatsa Tautona a ne a fedisiwa mme a emisediwa ka maemo a tonakgolo, yo o neng a se na tshwanelo ya go tlhatlhama ka boene. Bongo o ne a tlhophiwa gape go nna Tautona ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe,masome a supa le metso e robabongwe ( 1979) le Ngwanatsele ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le metso e merataro (1986) ka paka ya dingwaga di le Supa.<ref name=":0">This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the [[:en:Public_domain|public domain:]] [https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2826.htm Background note: Gabon,] [[:en:U.S._Department_of_State|U.S. Department of State]] (4 August 2010).</ref> Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe (1990), go se kgotsofale ka itsholelo le go batla kgololesego ya sepolotiki go ne ga dira gore baithuti le badiri ba dire ditshupetso le diteraeke. E le go araba dingongorego tsa badiri, Bongo o ne a buisana le bone ka tsela e e farologaneng le ya bone, a dira gore ba duelwe madi a a kwa tlase. O ne a solofetsa go bula PDG le go rulaganya khonferense ya sepolotiki ya bosetšhaba ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe/Motsheganong ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe (1990) go buisana ka tsamaiso ya sepolotiki ya Gabon ya isagwe. PDG le mekgatlho ya sepolotiki e le masome a supa le bone e ne ya nna teng mo khonferenseng eno. Batsayakarolo ba ne ba kgaogane ka ditlhopha tse pedi tse di sa utlwaneng, PDG e e busang le ditsala tsa yone, le United Front of Opposition Associations and Parties, e e bopilweng ke Morena Fundamental le [[Gabonese Progress Party]]. <ref name=":0" /> ==== Mmuso wa Kgabaganyo le RSDG ==== [[Setshwantsho:Gabon campaign '1e Compagnie de Chars de Combat de la France Libre'.jpg|thumb|Ntwa ya Gabon e ne ya felela ka gore Masole a Fora a a Gololesegileng a tseye kolone ya Gabon go tswa mo masoleng a Fora a Vichy, 1940]] Khonferense ya kgwedi ya Moranang,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe (1990) e ne ya amogela diphetogo tsa sepolotiki, go akaretsa go tlhomiwa ga [[Senate]] ya setšhaba, go tlhongwa ga thulaganyo ya tekanyetso, kgololesego ya go kopana le ya bobegadikgang, le go phimolwa ga go tlhoka go nna le visa ya go tswa. Mo maitekong a go kaela phetogo ya tsamaiso ya sepolotiki go ya go demokerasi ya makoko a mantsi, Bongo o ne a tlogela go nna modulasetilo wa PDG mme a tlhoma puso ya phetogo e e eteletsweng pele ke Tonakgolo e ntšhwa, [[Casimir Oye-Mba.]] Mokgatlho wa Gabonese Social Democratic Grouping (RSDG), jaaka puso e e neng ya tlhongwa e ne e bidiwa, e ne e le potlana go feta puso e e fetileng mme e ne e na le baemedi ba makoko mangwe a kganetso mo kabineteng ya yone. RSDG e ne ya kwala molaotheo wa nakwana ka Motsheganong, ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe (1990) o o neng o neela molaotheo wa ditshwanelo le tsamaiso e e ikemetseng ya boatlhodi mme e ne ya boloka maatla a a "nonofileng" a Tautona. Morago ga go sekasekwa gape ke komiti ya molaotheo le Kokoano Bosetšhaba, tokomane eno e ne ya simolola go dira ka Mopitlwe ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le motso (1991). <ref name=":0" /> Kganetso kgatlhanong le PDG e ne ya tswelela morago ga kopano ya kgwedi ya Moranang, ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe(1990), mme ka kgwedi ya Lwetse, ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le motso (1990), maiteko a mabedi a go menola puso a ne a senolwa mme a se ka a atlega. Ka ditshupetso morago ga loso lwa moeteledipele wa kganetso, ditlhopho tsa ntlha tsa makoko a le mantsi tsa Kokoano Bosetšhaba mo dingwageng tse di ka nnang masome a mararo di ne tsa tshwarwa ka Lwetse/Phalane,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le motso ( 1990, mme PDG ya bona bontsi. <ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le motso 1991, Palamente ya Gabon e ne ya amogela molaotheo o mosha mme lefatshe le ne la fetogela mo ditlhophong tsa makoko a mantsi. ==== Go tlhophiwa gape ga ga Bongo le go busa ==== [[Setshwantsho:Omar Bongo with George Bush May 26 2004-01.jpg|thumb|Tautona George W. Bush o amogela Tautina Omar Bongo mo Ofising ya Oval, ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le metso e mene (2004)]] Morago ga go tlhophiwa gape ga Tautona [[Omar Bongo]] ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe,masome a robabongwe le metso e merao (1993) ka dipesente dile masome a matlhano le bongwe (51%) ya diboutu, bontlhopheng ba kganetso ba ne ba gana go tlhomamisa dipholo tsa ditlhopho. Dikhuduego tsa selegae le go gatelelwa ka tsela e e setlhogo go ne ga dira gore puso le ditlhopha tse di ganetsang di dumalane gore go dirwe maiteko a go rarabolola bothata jono ka tsela ya sepolotiki. Dipuisano tseno di ne tsa felela ka Ditumalano tsa Paris ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatseele, ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe,masome a robabongwe le metso e mene (1994), tse mo go tsone batho bangwe ba ba ganetsang puso ba neng ba akarediwa mo pusong ya kutlwano ya setšhaba. Thulaganyo eno e ne ya phutlhama mme ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe,masome a robabongwe le metso e merataro(1996) le ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe,masome a robabongwe le metso(1997) tsa kgotlapeomolao le tsa bommasepala di ne tsa dira gore go nne le dipolotiki tse disha tsa makoko. PDG e ne ya fenya ditlhopho tsa kgotlapeomolao, mme metse mengwe, go akaretsa, e ne ya tlhopha boratoropo ba ba ganetsang ka nako ya ditlhopho tsa selegae tsa ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe,masome a robabongwe le metso e supa (1997).<ref name=":0" /> '''Go iletsa ditlhopho le mathata''' E re ka a ne a lebane le kganetso e e kgaoganeng, Tautona Omar Bongo o ne a leka go tlhophiwa gape ka kgwedi ya Morule ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe,masome a robabongwe le metso e robabobedi (1998). Le fa bangwe ba baganetsi ba ga Bongo ba ne ba gana tshwetso eo ba re e ne e le ya tsietso, babogedi bangwe ba ditšhabatšhaba bone ba ne ba re tshwetso eo e ne e siame "le fa go ne go na le dilo di le dintsi tse go neng go tsewa gore ga di a siama". Ditlhopho tsa molao tse di neng tsa tshwarwa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le motso yo ya go metso e mebedi ( 2001-2002) di ne tsa kganelwa ke makoko a a mmalwa a kganetso mme a ne a tshwaiwa diphoso ka ntlha ya makoa a tsamaiso ya ona, mme a tlhagisa Kokoano Bosetšhaba e e neng e laolwa ke PDG le makoko a a ikemetseng. Ka kgwedi Ngwanatsele ,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le metso e metlhano (2005) Tautona Omar Bongo o ne a tlhophiwa go tsaya maemo a gagwe a borataro. O ne a tlhophiwa gape mme baganetsi ba gagwe ba ne ba re go ne go na le diphoso tse di neng tsa dirwa mo go tseyeng maemo a gagwe. Go ne ga nna le ditiragalo tsa tirisodikgoka morago ga go itsisiwe ka phenyo ya gagwe.<ref name=":0" /> Ditlhopho tsa Kokoano Bosetšhaba di ne tsa tshwarwa ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole, ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le metso e merataro ( 2006). Ditulo tse dingwe tse di neng di ganetsanwa ka ntlha ya go sa tsamaelane ga go bouta di ne tsa phimolwa ke Kgotlatshekelo ya Molaotheo, mme ditlhopho tse di neng tsa latela ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le etso e supa (2007) di ne tsa dira gore Kokoano Bosetšhaba e laolwe ke PDG. <ref name=":0" /> '''Loso lwa ga Bongo le tatelano ya bogosi''' [[Setshwantsho:Independence Celebration in Gabon.JPG|thumb|Ipelelo Boipuso ko Gabon]] Morago ga loso lwa ga Tautona Omar Bongo ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e robabobedi,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le metso e robabongwe (2009) ka ntlha ya go ema pelo kwa bookelong jwa Spain kwa Barcelona, Gabon e ne ya tsena mo pakeng ya phetogo ya sepolotiki. Go ya ka molaotheo o o fetotsweng, [[Rose Francine Rogombé]], Tautona wa Senate, o ne a tsaya tiro ya go nna Tautona wa nakwana ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e le lesome,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le metso e robabongwe (2009). Ditlhopho tsa bo Tautona tse di neng tsa latela, tse di neng tsa tshwarwa ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e le masome a mararo ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le metso e robabongwe(2009), di ne tsa tshwaya tiragalo ya ditso ka gore e ne e le tsa ntlha mo ditsong tsa Gabon go se ka ga nna le Omar Bongo jaaka moemedi. E re ka go ne go na le batho ba le lesome le borobabobedi ba ba neng ba gaisana, go akaretsa le morwa wa ga Omar Bongo le moeteledipele wa lekoko le le busang, [[Ali Bongo]], ditlhopho di ne di lebilwe thata mo lefatsheng le mo mafatsheng otlhe. Morago ga go sekasekwa ke Kgotlatshekelo ya Molaotheo ka dibeke di le tharo, Ali Bongo o ne a begwa semmuso fa e le mofenyi, mme a tlhomiwa ka kgwedi ya Phalane e le lesome le borataro, ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le metso e robabongwe (2009). Le fa go ntse jalo, go itsisiwe ga phenyo ya gagwe go ne ga kgatlhantshiwa ka go belaela ke bontlhopheng ba bangwe ba kganetso, go baka ditshupetso tse di sa kgaotseng go ralala lefatshe. Ga go na gope koo go sa itumeleng gono go neng go bonala thata teng go na le kwa [[Port-Gentil,]] koo ditatofatso tsa gore go ne go dirilwe boferefere jwa ditlhopho di neng tsa felela ka ditshupetso tse di setlhogo. Dikhuduego tseno di ne tsa bolaya batho ba le banè mme tsa baka tshenyo e kgolo ya dithoto, go akaretsa le go tlhaselwa ga Ofisi ya Boemedi ya Fora le kgolegelo ya mo lefelong leo. Morago ga moo, masole a tshireletso a ne a romelwa, mme go ne ga tlhomiwa molao wa go tswa mo gae ka dikgwedi di le tharo.<ref name=":0" /> Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome ( 2010), go ne ga tshwarwa ditlhopho tse di potlana tsa kgotlapeomolao, tse di neng tsa supa go tlhagelela ga lekgotla la Union Nationale (UN), le le neng le na le batho ba ba neng ba tlogetse lekoko le le busang la PDG morago ga loso lwa ga Omar Bongo. Kgaisano ya ditulo di le tlhano tse di leng teng e bone bobedi PDG le UN ba ipolela gore ba fentse, go gatelela dikgotlhang tsa sepolotiki tse di neng tsa tswelela morago ga phetogo ya bo Tautona. <ref name=":0" /> Maemo a sepolotiki a ne a tlhakatlhakana gape ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi,lesome le borobabongwe ( 2019) fa setlhopha sa masole se ne se leka go menola puso kgatlhanong le Tautona Ali Bongo. Le fa go ne go na le tlhakatlhakano kwa tshimologong, go menoga ga puso kwa bofelong go ne ga retelelwa, mme go ne ga gatelela dikgwetlho tse di tsweletseng tse di lebaganeng le tlhomamo ya sepolotiki ya Gabon. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190107084533/https://bnonews.com/index.php/2019/01/military-coup-underway-in-gabon/ "Soldiers in Gabon try to seize power in failed coup attempt".] ''Bnonews.com''. 7 January 2019. Archived from [https://bnonews.com/index.php/2019/01/military-coup-underway-in-gabon/ the original] on 7 January 2019. Retrieved 7 January 2019.</ref> E re ka maemo a dipolotiki a ne a sa tlhomama, Gabon e ne ya fitlhelela dilo tse di botlhokwa mo lefatsheng lotlhe. Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi,masome a mabedi le bongwe ( 2021), e ne ya nna lefatshe la ntlha go amogela dituelo tsa go fokotsa digase tse di bakwang ke go rengwa ga dikgwa le go senyega ga dikgwa. Mo godimo ga moo, ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi,masome a mabedi le bobedi (2022), Gabon, mmogo le [[Togo]], ba ne ba tsenela [[Commonwealth of Nations]], ba supa gore ba ikemiseditse go nna le seabe le tirisanommogo ya matlhakore a le mantsi. <ref>[https://thecommonwealth.org/news/gabon-and-togo-join-commonwealth "Gabon and Togo join the Commonwealth"] (Press release). [[:en:Commonwealth_of_Nations|Commonwealth of Nations]]. 25 June 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220721122228/https://thecommonwealth.org/news/gabon-and-togo-join-commonwealth Archived] from the original on 21 July 2022. Retrieved 24 September 2022.</ref> '''2023 coup d'état''' Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi.masome a mabedi le boraro ( 2023), morago ga kitsiso ya gore Ali Bongo o fentse paka ya boraro mo ditlhophong tsa kakaretso, badiredi ba sesole ba ne ba itsise gore ba tsere puso ka go menola puso mme ba phimola dipholo tsa ditlhopho. Gape ba ne ba fedisa ditheo tsa puso go akaretsa tsa boatlhodi, Palamente le lekgotla la molaotheo. <ref>[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/8/30/gabon-military-officers-claim-power-say-election-lacked-credibility "Gabon military officers claim power, say election lacked credibility".] ''www.aljazeera.com''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230830050716/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/8/30/gabon-military-officers-claim-power-say-election-lacked-credibility Archived] from the original on 30 August 2023. Retrieved 30 August 2023.</ref><ref>[https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/gabonese-military-officers-announce-they-have-seized-power-2023-08-30/ "Gabonese military officers announce they have seized power of oil-rich country".] Reuters. 30 August 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230830051446/https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/gabonese-military-officers-announce-they-have-seized-power-2023-08-30/ Archived] from the original on 30 August 2023. Retrieved 30 August 2023.</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e le masome a mararo le bongwe ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi.masome a mabedi le boraro( 2023), badiredi ba sesole ba ba tsereng maatla, ba khutlisa dingwaga di le masome a matlhano le botlhano tsa go busa ga lelapa la ga Bongo, ba ne ba re [[Gen Brice Oligui Nguema]] ke moeteledipele wa lefatshe wa nakwana. <ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66666585 "Gabon coup leaders name Gen Brice Oligui Nguema as new leader".] ''BBC News''. 31 August 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230831010153/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66666585 Archived] from the original on 31 August 2023. Retrieved 5 September 2023.</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse tlhola gane, ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi.masome a mabedi le boraro( 2023), General Nguema o ne a ikana jaaka Tautona wa nakwana wa Gabon. <ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66705693 "Gabon coup leader Brice Nguema vows free elections - but no date"]. ''BBC News''. 4 September 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230904220628/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66705693 Archived] from the original on 4 September 2023. Retrieved 8 September 2023.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi,masome a mabedi le bone,2024, go ne ga amogelwa [[referandamo ya molaotheo o moša]], go fetola puso ya lefatshe. <ref>[https://www.france24.com/fr/%C3%A9missions/journal-de-l-afrique/20241018-nouvelle-constitution-au-gabon-le-r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rendum-fix%C3%A9-au-16-novembre-prochain "Journal de l'Afrique - Nouvelle constitution au Gabon, le référendum fixé au 16 novembre".] ''France 24'' (in French). 18 October 2024. Retrieved 22 October 2024.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:1670 Ogilby Map of West Africa ( Gold Coast, Slave Coast, Ivory Coast ) - Geographicus - Guinea-ogilby-1670.jpg|thumb|Moalo wa Bophirima jwa Africa ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a marataro,masome a supa le metso e mebedi(1672)]] == Sepolotiki == Mokgwa wa puso ya repaboliki ya Tautona o tlhalosiwa ka fa tlase ga molaotheo wa ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe,masome a marataro le motso ( 1961) (o o neng wa tlhabololwa ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe,masome a supa le metso e metlhano(1975), wa kwalwa gape ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe,masome a robabongwe le motso( 1991), mme wa tlhabololwa gape ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le metso e meraro ( 2003). Tautona o tlhophiwa ka ditlhopho tsa botlhe mo pakeng ya dingwaga di le supa; phetolo ya molaotheo ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le metso e meraro (2003) e tlositse melelwane ya paka ya bo Tautona. Tautona o kgona go tlhoma le go golola tonakgolo, kabinete le baatlhodi ba Kgotlatshekelo ya Makgaolakgang e e ikemetseng. Tautona o na le dithata tse dingwe tse di jaaka taolo ya go tlhatlhamolola Ntlokokoano Bosetšhaba, go goeletsa maemo a tlhaselo, go diegisa peomolao, le go tsamaisa ditlhopho tsa setšhaba. <ref name=":0" />Gabon e na le kgotlapeomolao e e nang le dikamore tse pedi e e nang le Kokoano Bosetšhaba le Senate. Ntlokokoano Bosetšhaba e na le maloko a le lekgolo le masome a mabedi a a tlhophilweng ke batho ka lobaka lwa dingwaga di le tlhano. Senate e na le maloko a le lekgolo le bobedi a a tlhophilweng ke dikhansele tsa bommasepala le dikopano tsa kgaolo mme ba direla dingwaga di le thataro. Senate e ne ya tlhomiwa ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe go fitlha masome a robabongwe le motso( 1990-1991) fa go ne go tlhabololwa molaotheo, mme ga e a ka ya tlhomiwa go fitlha morago ga ditlhopho tsa ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe,masome a robabongwe le metso e supa (1997) tsa selegae. Tautona wa Senate ke ene yo o latelang morago ga Tautona.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe (1990), puso e ne ya fetola tsamaiso ya bopolotiki ya Gabon. Molaotheo wa nakwana o ne wa kwalwa ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe (1990) jaaka tharabololo ya khonferense ya sepolotiki ya bosetšhaba ka Mopitlwe-Motsheganong mme moragonyana wa fetolwa ke komiti ya molaotheo. Gareng ga ditshiamelo tsa yone go ne go na le molaotlhomo wa ditshwanelo wa setaele sa Bophirima, go tlhomiwa ga Lekgotla la Bosetšhaba la puso ya batho ka batho go tlhokomela go tlhomamisiwa ga ditshwanelo tseo, lekgotla la puso le le gakololang mo dikgannyeng tsa itsholelo le tsa loago, le boatlhodi jo bo ikemetseng. Morago ga go amogelwa ke Kokoano Bosetšhaba, Komiti ya Bogare ya PDG, le Tautona, Kokoano e ne ya amogela molaotheo ka bongwefela jwa pelo ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe ,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le motso( 1991). Go ne ga tshwarwa ditlhopho tsa makoko a le mantsi ka 1990-1991 fa makoko a kganetso a ne a ise a tsewe semolao semmuso. Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le motso ( 1991), Kokoano e ne ya fetisa molao o o laolang go letlelelwa semolao ga makoko a kganetso ka go bouta ka bongwefela jwa pelo.<ref name=":0" /> Morago ga fa Tautona [[Omar Bongo]] a ne a tlhophiwa gape ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe,masome a robabongwe le metso e meraro ( 1993), mo ditlhophong tse di neng di na le dikganetsano tse mo go tsone go neng ga nna le 51% fela ya diboutu tse di neng tsa tshololwa, dikhuduego tsa loago le tsa sepolotiki di ne tsa dira gore go nne le Khonferense ya Paris le Ditumalano tsa ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe,masome a robabongwe le metso e mene (1994). Seno se ne sa dira gore go nne le thulaganyo ya ditlhopho tse di latelang. Ditlhopho tsa selegae le tsa kgotlapeomolao di ne tsa diegisiwa go fitlha ka gwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe,masome a robabongwe le metso e merataro kgotsa e supa (1996/1997). Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe,masome a robabongwe le metso e supa (1997), diphetogo tsa molaotheo tse di neng di tlhagisitswe dingwaga pele di ne tsa amogelwa go bopa Senate le maemo a Mothusa-Tautona, le go atolosa paka ya Tautona go dingwaga di le supa.<ref name=":0" /> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le metso e robabongwe ( 2009), Tautona [[Ali Bongo Ondimba]] o ne a simolola maiteko a go tokafatsa puso. Mo maitekong a go fokotsa bonweenwee le go ikgodisa ga puso, o ne a tlosa maemo a le lesome le bosupa a bodihedi, a fedisa Mothusa Tautona le go rulaganya gape dipotfolio tsa maphata mangwe, diofisi le diofisi. Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le metso e robabongwe(2009), Tautona Bongo Ondimba o ne a itsise ka pono e ntšha ya go tlhabolola Gabon, e e bidiwang "Gabon Emergent". Thulaganyo eno e na le dikarolo di le tharo: Green Gabon, Service Gabon le Industrial Gabon. Maitlhomo a Gabon Emergent ke go farologanya itsholelo gore Gabon e se ka ya ikaega thata ka peterolo, go fedisa bonweenwee, le go tlhabolola badiri. Ka fa tlase ga lenaneo le, diromelwantle tsa logong lo lo sa tlhotlhiwang di ile tsa thibelwa, go ne ga tshwarwa palo ya batho go ralala puso, letsatsi la tiro le ne la fetolwa go fedisa nako e telele ya go ikhutsa motshegare, mme go ne ga tlhamiwa komponi ya oli ya bosetšhaba. <ref name=":0" /> Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e le masome a mabedi le botlhano,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi,lesome le motso (2011), moeteledipele wa kganetso [[André Mba Obame]] o ne a ipolela fa e le ene Tautona, a re lefatshe le tshwanetse go tsamaisiwa ke mongwe yo batho ba neng ba mo batla tota. O ne a tlhopha badiredi ba le lesome le borobabongwe ba puso ya gagwe, mme setlhopha sotlhe, mmogo le ba bangwe ba le makgolokgolo, ba ne ba robala kwa ntlokgolong ya lekgotla la Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng. Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e le masome amabedi le borataro, puso e ne ya phimola lekoko la ga Mba Obame. <ref name=":1">Goma, Yves Laurent (26 January 2011). [https://web.archive.org/web/20210416164620/http://hosted.ap.org/dynamic/stories/A/AF_GABON?SITE=NCWIN&SECTION=HOME&TEMPLATE=DEFAULT "Gabon opposition leader declares himself president".] [[:en:Winston-Salem_Journal|''Winston-Salem Journal''.]] [[:en:Associated_Press|Associated Press.]] Archived from [./The_originalhttp://hosted.ap.org/dynamic/stories/A/AF_GABON%3FSITE=NCWIN&SECTION=HOME&TEMPLATE=DEFAULT the original] on 16 April 2021. Retrieved 26 January 2011.</ref>Modulasetilo wa AU Jean Ping o rile kgato ya ga Mba Obame "e senya boikanyego jwa ditheo tsa semolao mme gape e baya kagiso, tshireletsego le tlhomamo ya Gabon mo kotsing". <ref name=":1" />Tona ya Merero ya Selegae Jean-François Ndongou o ne a latofatsa Mba Obame le batshegetsi ba gagwe ka boepapuso. [[Mokwaledi Kakaretso wa UN, Ban Ki-moon]]<ref>^{WWW.IBPUS.COM (13 March 2019). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=hd-rDwAAQBAJ&q=The+UN+Secretary-General%2C+Ban+Ki-moon%2C+said+that+he+recognized+Ondimba+as+the+only+official+Gabonese+president.&pg=PA48 Gabon: Doing Business, Investing in Gabon Guide Volume 1 Strategic, Practical Information, Regulations, Contacts]''. Lulu.com. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781514526613|9781514526613]]</bdi>. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210416160337/https://books.google.com/books?id=hd-rDwAAQBAJ&q=The+UN+Secretary-General%2C+Ban+Ki-moon%2C+said+that+he+recognized+Ondimba+as+the+only+official+Gabonese+president.&pg=PA48 Archived] from the original on 16 April 2021. Retrieved 11 November 2020.}</ref>, o rile o lemoga gore Ondimba ke ene fela Tautona wa semmuso wa Gabon. Ditlhopho tsa Tautona tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi,lesome le borataro ( 2016) di ne di na le kganetsano, ka dipholo tsa semmuso tse di neng di "batlana thata" di begilwe. Go ne ga runya ditshupetso kwa motsemoshate mme di ne tsa gatelelwa mme tsa felela ka go thuntshiwa ga ntlokgolo ya lekoko la kganetso ke batlhokomedi ba Tautona. Baagi ba le masome a matlhano le ba le lekgolo ba ne ba bolawa ke masole a pabalesego mme ba le Sekete ba ne ba tshwarwa.<ref>[http://www.france24.com/en/20160906-deaths-gabon-presidential-election-violence-ping-bongo "'Between 50 and 100 killed' in Gabon election violence, presidential challenger tells FRANCE 24 – France 24". ''France 24''.] 6 September 2016. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180809184234/http://www.france24.com/en/20160906-deaths-gabon-presidential-election-violence-ping-bongo Archived] from the original on 9 August 2018. Retrieved 9 August 2018.</ref> Babogedi ba boditšhabatšhaba ba ne ba tshwaya diphoso tse di neng di dirwa, go akaretsa le go nna teng go go kwa godimo ga batho go go neng ga begwa mo dikgaolong dingwe. Kgotlatshekelo ya Makgaolakgang ya lefatshe leno e ne ya gana go tlhopha mo mafelong mangwe a a belaetsang, mme dipampiri tsa ditlhopho di ne tsa senngwa. Ditlhopho di ne tsa supiwa gore di tshegetsa Ondimba yo o neng a le mo maemong ao. Palamente ya Yuropa e ne ya ntsha ditshitshinyo tse pedi tse di neng di kgala dipholo tse di sa phepafalang tsa ditlhopho le go kopa gore go dirwe dipatlisiso ka ditlolomolao tsa ditshwanelo tsa botho.<ref>[http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?type=MOTION&reference=B8-2017-0526&language=EN "Motion for a resolution on Gabon, repression of the opposition – B8-0526/2017".] ''Europarl.europa.eu''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180809184124/http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?type=MOTION&reference=B8-2017-0526&language=EN Archived] from the original on 9 August 2018. Retrieved 9 August 2018.</ref> Malatsi a le mmalwa morago ga ditlhopho tsa bo Tautona tse di neng di tsosa kganetsano ka kgwedi ya Phatwe,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi,masome a mabedi le boraro ( 2023), setlhopha sa badiredi ba sesole se ne sa itsise gore se dirile coup d'état ya sesole le gore se menotse puso mme sa tlosa Ali Bongo Ondimba mo maemong. Kitsiso e ne ya tla morago ga diura di le mmalwa [[Ali Bongo]] a tlhophilwe semmuso gape ka paka ya boraro. <ref>Walsh, Declan (30 August 2023). [https://www.nytimes.com/2023/08/30/world/africa/gabon-coup-election.html "Gabon Military Officers Say They Are Seizing Power".] ''The New York Times''. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20230903073718/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/08/30/world/africa/gabon-coup-election.html Archived] from the original on 3 September 2023. Retrieved 30 August 2023.</ref>[[General Brice Oligui Nguema]] o ne a tlhophiwa jaaka moeteledipele wa nakwana. Tiragalo eno e ne e tshwaya tiragalo ya borobedi ya go tsenelela ga sesole mo kgaolong eno fa e sale ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi l masome a mabedi ( 2020), go tsosa matshwenyego ka ga tlhomamo ya puso ya batho ka batho. <ref>Wilfried Obangome, Gerauds (30 August 2023). [https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/gabonese-military-officers-announce-they-have-seized-power-2023-08-30/ "Gabon army officers say they have seized power after election in oil-rich country".] ''Reuters''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230830051446/https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/gabonese-military-officers-announce-they-have-seized-power-2023-08-30/ Archived] from the original on 30 August 2023. Retrieved 31 August 2023.</ref> === '''Dikamano tsa kwa ntle''' === [[Setshwantsho:Vladimir Putin with Julien Nkoghe Bekale & his spouse.jpg|thumb|Tonakgolo ya Gabon, Julien Nkoghe Bekale leTautona wa Russia, Vladimir Putin kwa Kopanong ya Russia-Africa kwa Sochi kwa Russia ka kgwedi ya Phalane ,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi,lesome le metso e robabongwe (2019)]] Fa e sa le ka boipuso, Gabon e ne ya latela pholisi ya go se tseye letlhakore, e buelela puisano mo dikgannyeng tsa boditšhabatšhaba le go amogela matlhakore a mabedi a mafatshe a a kgaoganeng. Mo dikgannyeng tsa mo teng ga Aforika, e buelela tlhabololo ka go iphetogela ga dilo go na le diphetogo mme e rata kgwebo ya poraefete e e laolwang jaaka tsamaiso e e ka rotloetsang kgolo ya itsholelo ka bonako. E ne ya nna le seabe mo maitekong a go nna motsereganyi kwa [[Chad, Central African Republic]], [[Angola]], Repaboliki ya Congo, [[Democratic Republic of Congo]] (D.R.C.) le [[Burundi|Burundi.]] Ka kgwedi ya Morule ,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe,masome a robabongwe le metso e robabongwe (1999) ka maiteko a a neng a dirwa ke Tautona Bongo, go ne ga saenwa tumalano ya kagiso kwa Repaboliking ya Congo (Brazzaville) fa gare ga puso le bontsi jwa baeteledipele ba ba neng ba tsuologela puso. Tautona Bongo o ne a nna le seabe mo thulaganyong ya kagiso e e tsweletseng kwa D.R.C., mme a nna le seabe mo go tsereganyeng mo mathateng a kwa [[Ivory Coast]]. [[Setshwantsho:US Navy 080107-N-4044H-049 Capt. John B. Nowell Jr., commodore, Africa Partnership Station (APS) is greeted by Gabonese Army as he arrives at a scheduled meeting with General Ntori Longo, chief of Gabonese Armed Services, about.jpg|thumb|Mokapotene wa Sesole sa Lewatle o dumedisiwa ke masole a Gabon]] Gabon ke leloko la [[United Nations]] (UN) le dingwe tsa ditheo tse di kgethegileng le tse di amanang le yone, le la World Bank; IMF; African Union (AU); Central African Customs Union/Central African Economic and Monetary Community (UDEAC/CEMAC); EU/ACP association under the [[Lomé Convention]]; t[[he Communauté Financière Africaine]] (CFA); the [[Organization of the Islamic Conference]] (OIC); the Non-aligned Movement; le Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS/CEEAC). Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe,masome a robabongwe le metso e metlhano ( 1995), Gabon e ne ya tswa mo Mokgatlhong wa mafatshe a a Rekisang Peteroleamo (OPEC), mme ya boela mo go one ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi,lesome le metso e merataro (2016). Gabon e ne ya tlhophiwa go nna setilo se se sa tlhomamang mo Khanseleng ya Tshireletsego ya Ditšhaba tse di Kopaneng go tloga ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome ( 2010) go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi,lesome le motso ( 2011 )mme e ne ya nna Tautona wa rotating ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe ,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome (2010).<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi,masome a mabedi le bobedi (2022), Gabon e ne ya tsenela Commonwealth of Nations.<ref>[https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20220625-west-african-nations-gabon-and-togo-join-commonwealth "West African nations Gabon and Togo join Commonwealth"]. ''France 24''. 25 June 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230830150837/https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20220625-west-african-nations-gabon-and-togo-join-commonwealth Archived] from the original on 30 August 2023. Retrieved 30 August 2023.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi,masome a mabedi le bone ( 2024), moeteledipele wa junta ya puso [[Brice Oligui Nguema]] o ne a tlhomamisetsa baeteledipele ba Amerika le ba Fora gore Gabon e tla nna mothusi wa Bophirima go ya pele, jaaka karolo ya leano la gagwe le legolo go rarabolola mathata a dikoloto a a tsweletseng. <ref>[https://globalbar.se/2024/06/gabon-will-the-coup-lead-to-democracy/ "Gabon: Will the coup lead to democracy?".] ''Global Bar Magazine'' (in Swedish). 7 June 2024. Retrieved 7 June 2024.</ref> === Tsa Sesole === E na le masole a a nang le bokgoni a a ka nnang Dikete tse tlhano a a kgaogantsweng ka masole a sesole, a sesole sa lewatle, a sesole sa difofane, a sesole sa masole le a sepodise. Modisa wa maloko a le sekete le makgolo a robabobedi o tlamela pabalesego ya Tautona. <ref name=":0" /> === Dikgaogano tsa tsamaiso === E kgaogantswe ka diporofense di robabongwe tse di kgaoganngwang ka dikgaolo di le masome a matlhano. Tautona o tlhopha babusi ba diporofense, baokamedi le baemedi ba diporofense.<ref name=":0" /> [[Setshwantsho:Gabon provinces numbered.png|thumb]] Diporofense ke (ditoropokgolo tsa tsone di kwadilwe ka dikhukhu): # [[:en:Estuaire_Province|Estuaire]] ([[:en:Libreville|Libreville)]] # [[:en:Haut-Ogooué_Province|Haut-Ogooué]] ([[:en:Franceville|Franceville]]) # Moyen-Ogooué (Lambaréné) # Ngounié (Mouila) # Nyanga (Tchibanga) # Ogooué-Ivindo (Makokou) # Ogooué-Lolo (Koulamoutou) # Ogooué-Maritime (Port-Gentil) # Woleu-Ntem (Oyem) == Dipopego tsa Lefatshe == [[Setshwantsho:Gabon sat.png|thumb|Setshwantsho sa sathalaete sa Gabon]] Gabon e mo lotshitshing lwa lewatle la Atlantic la Afrika bogare mo ekhweithareng, fa gare ga latitude 3°N le 4°S, le longitude 8° le 15°E. Gabon e na le tlelaemete ya ekwatere e e nang le dikgwa tsa pula, mme 89.3% ya lefatshe la yone e na le dikgwa.<ref>[http://www.fao.org/3/a-i4808e.pdfFAOSTAT "Global Forest Resources Assessment 2015 website"]. FAO. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181210015903/http://www.fao.org/3/a-i4808e.pdfFAOSTAT Archived] from the original on 10 December 2018. Retrieved 9 December 2018.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Koppen-Geiger Map GAB present.svg|thumb|Moalo wa go farologanya tlelaemete ya Köppen]] Go na le dipoa tse di fa lotshitshing (tse di fa gare ga dikilometara di le masome a mabedi le makgolo a mararo go tswa mo lotshitshing lwa lewatle), dithaba (Dithaba tsa Cristal tse di kwa bokonebotlhaba jwa [[Libreville]], Chaillu Massif e e fa gare), le savanna e e kwa botlhaba. Mabala a a mo lotshitshing a bopa karolo ya Atlantic Equatorial coastal forests ecoregion ya World Wildlife Fund mme a na le mafelo a mangrove a Aforika Bogare go akaretsa le mo nokeng ya Muni mo molelwaneng wa [[Equatorial Guinea]]. <ref>Dinerstein, Eric; Olson, David; Joshi, Anup; Vynne, Carly; Burgess, Neil D.; Wikramanayake, Eric; Hahn, Nathan; Palminteri, Suzanne; Hedao, Prashant; Noss, Reed; Hansen, Matt; Locke, Harvey; Ellis, Erle C; Jones, Benjamin; Barber, Charles Victor; Hayes, Randy; Kormos, Cyril; Martin, Vance; Crist, Eileen; Sechrest, Wes; Price, Lori; Baillie, Jonathan E. M.; Weeden, Don; Suckling, Kierán; Davis, Crystal; Sizer, Nigel; Moore, Rebecca; Thau, David; Birch, Tanya; Potapov, Peter; Turubanova, Svetlana; Tyukavina, Alexandra; de Souza, Nadia; Pintea, Lilian; Brito, José C.; Llewellyn, Othman A.; Miller, Anthony G.; Patzelt, Annette; Ghazanfar, Shahina A.; Timberlake, Jonathan; Klöser, Heinz; Shennan-Farpón, Yara; Kindt, Roeland; Lillesø, Jens-Peter Barnekow; van Breugel, Paulo; Graudal, Lars; Voge, Maianna; Al-Shammari, Khalaf F.; Saleem, Muhammad (2017). "An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm". ''BioScience''. '''67''' (6): 534–545. doi:10.1093/biosci/bix014. ISSN 0006-3568. PMC 5451287. <nowiki>PMID 28608869</nowiki>.</ref> Gabon ke [[Archaean]] le [[Palaeoproterozoic]] igneous le metamorphic basement rock, e e leng ya continental crust ya Congo Craton. Dingwe tsa tsone di na le dingwaga tse di fetang dibilione di le pedi di le teng. Mafikeng a mangwe go na le dikarolwana tsa carbonate ya lewatle, le mafika a a tswang mo letsheng le mo kontinenteng, le mafika a a sa kitlanang le mmu o o neng wa bopega mo dingwageng tse di dimilione di le 2,5 tsa [[Quaternary]]. Go kgaogana ga supercontinent ya Pangaea go ne ga dira gore go nne le dikhuti tse di neng tsa tlala ka sediment mme tsa bopa di-hydrocarbon. <ref>Schluter, Thomas (2006). ''Geological Atlas of Africa''. Springer. pp. 110–112.</ref> Go na le mafelo a a nang le di-reactor tsa Oklo, e leng di-reactor tsa tlholego tsa nuklea mo lefatsheng tse di neng di bereka dingwaga di le dibilione di le pedi tse di fetileng. Lefelo leno le ne la ribololwa ka nako ya fa go ne go epelwa uranium ka bo ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa (1970) go tlamela madirelo a nuklea a kwa Fora. Noka ya yone e kgolo ke [[Ogooué]] e e leng boleele jwa dikilometara di le sekete le makgolo a mabedi . E na le mafelo a le mararo a karst koo go nang le dikhuti di le makgolokgolo tse di leng mo matlapeng a dolomite le a kapoko. Setlhopha sa National Geographic Expedition se ne sa etela dikhuti dingwe ka selemo sa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le metso e robabobedi (2008) go di kwala.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090420132319/http://blogs.nationalgeographic.com/blogs/gabon-caves/ "Expedition website"]. Archived from [http://blogs.nationalgeographic.com/blogs/gabon-caves the original] on 20 April 2009. Retrieved 30 May 2008.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Share Of Forest Area In Total Land Area, Top Countries (2021).svg|thumb|Selekanyo sa sekgwa mo palong ya lefatshe, mafatshe a a kwa godimo (2021). Gabon e na le diperesente tsa bonè tse di kwa godimo thata tsa dikgwa mo lefatsheng.]] Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le metso e mebedi ( 2002)Tautona Omar Bongo Ondimba o ne a tlhopha mo e ka nnang 10% ya naga ya lefatshe go nna karolo ya thulaganyo ya diphaka tsa bosetšhaba (ka diphaka di le lesome le boraro ka kakaretso). [[National Agency for National Parks]] e laola thulaganyo ya diparaka tsa bosetšhaba tsa Gabon. Gabon e ne e na le tekanyetso ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi,lesome le metso e robabobedi (2018) [[Forest Landscape Integrity Index]] ya 9.07/10, e e beileng mo maemong a borobabongwe lefatshe ka bophara mo mafatsheng a le lekgolo le masome a supa le bobedi . <ref>Grantham, H. S.; Duncan, A.; Evans, T. D.; Jones, K. R.; Beyer, H. L.; Schuster, R.; Walston, J.; Ray, J. C.; Robinson, J. G.; Callow, M.; Clements, T.; Costa, H. M.; DeGemmis, A.; Elsen, P. R.; Ervin, J.; Franco, P.; Goldman, E.; Goetz, S.; Hansen, A.; Hofsvang, E.; Jantz, P.; Jupiter, S.; Kang, A.; Langhammer, P.; Laurance, W. F.; Lieberman, S.; Linkie, M.; Malhi, Y.; Maxwell, S.; Mendez, M.; Mittermeier, R.; Murray, N. J.; Possingham, H.; Radachowsky, J.; Saatchi, S.; Samper, C.; Silverman, J.; Shapiro, A.; Strassburg, B.; Stevens, T.; Stokes, E.; Taylor, R.; Tear, T.; Tizard, R.; Venter, O.; Visconti, P.; Wang, S.; Watson, J. E. M. (2020). "Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity – Supplementary Material". ''Nature Communications''. '''11''' (1): 5978. Bibcode:2020NatCo..11.5978G. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-19493-3. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 7723057. <nowiki>PMID 33293507</nowiki>.</ref> === Bojanala === Gabon e na le mefuta e mentsi ya diphologolo le dimela tse di sireleditsweng. Mefutafuta ya ditshedi tsa lefatshe leno ke nngwe ya tse di farologaneng thata mo lefatsheng.<ref>Wilks, Chris (1990). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=OH1-F-ebDioC&pg=PA16 La conservation des ecosystèmes forestiers du Gabon]'' (in French). UICN. p. 16. ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/2-88032-988-4|2-88032-988-4]]</bdi>. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230907003445/https://books.google.com/books?id=OH1-F-ebDioC&pg=PA16 Archived] from the original on 7 September 2023. Retrieved 4 July 2023.</ref> ==== '''Diphologolo tsa Gabon''' ==== Gabon ke legae la mefuta e le makgolo a marataro le bone ya dinonyane, masome a robabongwe le boferabobedi ya di-amphibian, magareng ga masome a robabongwe le botlhano le lekgolo le masome a marataro ya di-gagabi le mefuta e le lekgolo le masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi ya diamusi. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160403154427/http://www.gabon-international.com/decouvrir-le-gabon/connaitre/le-gabon-berceau-de-la-biodiversite "Le Gabon, berceau de la biodiversité"] (in French). Archived from the original on 3 April 2016.</ref> Kwa Gabon go na le mefuta e e sa tlwaelegang, e e jaaka Gabon [[pangolin]] le [[grey-necked rockfowl]], kgotsa di-endemic, jaaka Gabon [[guenon]]. Lefatshe le ke lengwe la mafelo a botlhokwa a diphologolo tse di farologaneng mo Aforika: <ref>Ministère des Eaux et Forêts (May 2011). [https://www.conservation-justice.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Guidejuridique-Gabon-FINAL-1.pdf "Guide juridique pour la protection de la faune sauvage en République du Gabon"] (PDF). [https://web.archive.org/web/20231226180108/https://www.conservation-justice.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Guidejuridique-Gabon-FINAL-1.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 26 December 2023. Retrieved 26 December 2023.</ref>ke botshabelo jo bo botlhokwa jwa di-[[chimpanzee]] (tse palo ya tsone, ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le metso e meraro (2003), e neng e lekanyeditswe go nna magareng ga 27 000 le 64 000) le dikorila (28 000-42 000 e e lekanyeditsweng ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe,masome a robabobedi le metso e meraro( 1983). <ref>Tutin, C. E. G.; Fernandez, M. (1984). [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32160718/ "Nationwide census of gorilla (gorilla g. gorilla) and chimpanzee (Pan t. troglodytes) populations in Gabon".] ''American Journal of Primatology''. '''6''' (4): 313–336. doi:[[doi:10.1002/ajp.1350060403|10.1002/ajp.1350060403]]. PMID [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32160718 32160718.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20240315203204/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32160718/ Archived] from the original on 15 March 2024. Retrieved 15 March 2024.</ref> "[[Gorilla]] and Chimpanzee Study Station" mo teng ga [[Lopé National Park]] ,e neetswe go ithuta ka tsone. Gape ke legae la go feta halofo ya ditlou tsa sekgwa sa Afrika,<ref>Mutsaka, Farai (18 November 2021). [https://apnews.com/article/science-africa-environment-and-nature-forests-environment-2fc74761dac498146018192ecc830516 "Gabon is last bastion of endangered African forest elephants".] ''AP News''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240315203818/https://apnews.com/article/science-africa-environment-and-nature-forests-environment-2fc74761dac498146018192ecc830516 Archived] from the original on 15 March 2024. Retrieved 15 March 2024.</ref> segolo thata kwa [[Minkébé National Park]].Letshwao la bosetšhaba la Gabon ke panther e ntsho.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/35900924 "Gabon reveal 2017 Nations Cup mascot".] ''BBC Sport''. 25 March 2016. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240315204159/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/35900924 Archived] from the original on 15 March 2024. Retrieved 15 March 2024.</ref> ==== Dimela tsa Gabon ==== Mefuta e e fetang dikete tse dole lesome ya dimela le mefuta e le makgolo a mane ya ditlhare e bopa dimela tsa Gabon. Sekgwa sa pula sa Gabon se tsewa e le sone se se kitlaneng thata le se se sa senngwang mo Afrika. Le fa go ntse jalo, go oketsega thata ga palo ya batho mo nageng eno go baka go rengwa ga dikgwa mo go feteletseng mo go tshosetsang tikologo eno e e botlhokwa. Ka tsela e e tshwanang, go tsoma ka tsela e e seng kafa molaong go tsenya diphologolo tsa naga mo kotsing. Sethunya sa bosetšhaba sa Gabon ke [[Delonix Regia.]] == Itsholelo == [[Setshwantsho:Gabon Product Exports (2019).svg|thumb|Tshedimosetso e e lekanang ya Gabon e e rometsweng ka ngwaga wa 2019.]] [[Setshwantsho:GDP per capita development of Gabon.svg|thumb|Phetogo ya GDP ya Gabon ka motho, 1950 - 2018. Dipalo tseno di fetotswe go ya ka ditlhwatlhwa tsa kwa mafatsheng a sele tsa 2011 go ya ka ditlhwatlhwa tsa kwa mafatsheng a sele .]] Lotseno lwa oli lo dira mo e ka nnang 46% ya tekanyetsokabo ya mmuso, 43% ya gross domestic product (GDP), le 81% ya di rekisetswa mafatshe a sele. Tlhagiso ya oli e ne ya fokotsega go tswa kwa setlhoeng sa yone sa dibarele di le 370 000 ka letsatsi ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe,masome a robabongwe le metso e supa ( 1997). Dipatlisiso dingwe di bontsha gore oli ya Gabon e tla bo e fedile ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano. Go rulaganyediwa go simolola ka maemo a morago ga leokwane.<ref name=":0" /> Lefelo le le humileng la oli la Grondin le ne la ribololwa ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe,masome a robabongwe le metso e supa kwa boteng jwa metsi jwa dimetara di le masome a matlhano dikilometara di le masome a mane go tswa kwa lotshitshing mo serung sa letswai se se neng se le mo matlapeng a motlhaba a Batanga a dingwaga tsa Maastrichtian, mme mo e ka nnang 60% ya ditlamelo tsa lone tse di neng di fopholediwa di ne di ntshitswe ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe,masome a robabongwe le metso e robabobedi (1978). <ref>Vidal, J., [https://archive.org/details/giantoilgasfield0000unse/page/577/mode/1up?view=theater "Geology of Grondin Field, 1980"], in ''Giant Oil and Gas Fields of the Decade: 1968–1978'', AAPG Memoir 30, Halbouty, M.T., editor, Tulsa: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/0891813063|0891813063]], pp.577–590.</ref> Go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi,masome a mabedi le boraro ( 2023), Gabon e ne ya ntsha bokana ka dibarele di le dikete dile makgolo a mabedi (200 000) ka letsatsi (bpd) tsa oli e e tala. <ref>Bousso, Ron (30 August 2023). [https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/gabons-assala-energy-says-oil-production-unaffected-by-coup-2023-08-30/ "Gabon's Assala Energy says oil production unaffected by coup".] ''Reuters''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20231204002627/https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/gabons-assala-energy-says-oil-production-unaffected-by-coup-2023-08-30/ Archived] from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 4 December 2023.</ref> Tiriso ya madi a mantsi mo [[Seporo sa Trans-Gabon]], CFA franc devaluation ya 1994, le dipaka tsa ditlhotlhwa tse di kwa tlase tsa oli di bakile mathata a dikoloto. <ref name=":0" /> Ditlhopha tse di latelanang tsa [[International Monetary Fund]] (IMF) di ne tsa tshwaya phoso puso ya Gabon ka go dirisa madi a a fetang a a neng a beetswe kwa thoko (mo dingwageng tse di siameng le tse di bosula), go adima madi a a fetang a a neng a beetswe kwa thoko go tswa kwa bankeng ya bogareng, le go sa tswelele ka thulaganyo ya go dira gore go nne le dikgwebo tse di ikemetseng le go fetola tsamaiso. Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le metso e metlhano (2005) Gabon e ne ya atlega go konela tumalano ya dikgwedi di le lesome le botlhano ya go nna mo maemong a go leta le IMF. Thulaganyo ya go nna mo maemong a go leta ya dingwaga di le tharo le IMF e ne ya amogelwa ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le metso e supa ( 2007). Ka ntlha ya mathata a tsa madi le ditlhabololo tsa loago tse di amanang le loso lwa gaTautona Omar Bongo le ditlhopho, Gabon e ne ya palelwa ke go fitlhelela maikaelelo a yona a itsholelo ka fa tlase ga Thulaganyo ya go Ema ka fa Tlase ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le metso e robabongwe (2009). <ref name=":0" /> Madi a Gabon a a amogelang ka oli a dirile gore GDP ya motho a le mongwe e nne $8,600. "Pharologano ya lotseno e e sokameng" le "ditshupo tse di sa siamang tsa loago" di "bonatshega". <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160315024427/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2116.html#gb "The World Factbook"]. ''Cia.gov''. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20160315024427/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2116.html#gb the original] on 15 March 2016. Retrieved 16 March 2016.</ref>20% ya batho ba ba humileng thata ba amogela go feta 90% ya lotseno fa e le gore nngwetharong ya batho ba Gabon ba tshela mo lehumeng. <ref name=":0" /> Itsholelo ya teng e ikaegile thata ka go ntshiwa ga ditswa Mmung. Pele ga go bonwa oli, go rema ditlhare e ne e le "pilara" ya itsholelo ya Gabon. Morago ga moo, go rema ditlhare le go epa manganese ke tsone "dilo tse di latelang tse di botlhokwa thata" tse di lereng lotseno. Dipatlisiso dingwe di bontsha gore go na le lefelo le legolo go a gaisa otlhe mo lefatsheng le le iseng le dirisiwe. Mo go bangwe ba ba nnang kwa mafelong a magae ba sa kgone go bona ditiro mo madirelong a a ntshang lotseno, go romelwa ga madi go tswa mo malokong a lelapa kwa mafelong a ditoropo kgotsa ditiro tsa go itshedisa go tlamela ka lotseno. <ref name=":0" /> Babogedi ba ba tswang kwamafatsheng a sele le ba mo lefatsheng leno ba ile ba hutsafadiwa ke go bo itsholelo ya Gabon e se na dilo tse dintsi tse di farologaneng. Mabaka a a "kgoreletsang go tlhagoga ga madirelo a masha" a ne a balwa jaana: * mmaraka o "monnye", * mo e ka nnang milione e ikaegile ka dilwana tse di romelwang go tswa kwa Fora * ba sa kgone go dirisa mebaraka ya kgaolo * Ga se ka metlha Ba-Gabon ba nang le moya wa go nna le dikgwebo * "Tsela e e tlwaelegileng" ya go tsamaisa "thuo" ya oli, tota le fa e ntse e fokotsega Go beeletsa mo go oketsegileng mo dikarolong tsa temothuo kana tsa bojanala go "thatafadiwa ke mafaratlhatlha a a bokoa". Dikarolo dingwe tsa ditsamaiso le ditirelo di "laolwa thata ke babeeletsi ba se kae ba ba itsegeng ba selegae".<ref name=":0" /> Ka ntlha ya go gatelela ga Banka ya Lefatshe le IMF, puso e ne ya simolola ka dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwele masome a robabongwe (1990) ka thulaganyo ya go dira gore ddikompone tsa puso e nne tsa poraefete le go dira diphetogo mo tsamaisong, go akaretsa le go fokotsa ditiro tsa mo lephateng la puso le go oketsega ga dituelo. Puso e supile gore e ikemiseditse go dira goreitsholelo ya lefatshe e fetoge.<ref name=":0" /> === Kgotetso === [[:en:Energy_in_Gabon|Energy in Gabon]] == Dipalamo == [[:en:Transport_in_Gabon|Transport in Gabon]] == Dipalopalo tsa batho == E na le batho ba ba ka nnang dimilione di le 2,3.<ref name=":3">[https://population.un.org/wpp/ "World Population Prospects 2022".] [[:en:United_Nations_Department_of_Economic_and_Social_Affairs|United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs,]] Population Division. Retrieved 17 July 2022.</ref><ref name=":4">[https://web.archive.org/web/20230306213755/https://population.un.org/wpp/Download/Files/1_Indicators%20%28Standard%29/EXCEL_FILES/1_General/WPP2022_GEN_F01_DEMOGRAPHIC_INDICATORS_COMPACT_REV1.xlsx "World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100"] (XSLX) ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). [[:en:United_Nations_Department_of_Economic_and_Social_Affairs|United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs,]] Population Division. Retrieved 17 July 2022.</ref> Dintlha tsa ditsole tsa tikologo di ne tsa dira gore palo ya baagi ba yone e fokotsege magareng ga ngwaga wa sekete le makgolo a robabongwe le ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robbaongwe le masome a mane(1900 le 1940).<ref>[https://2009-2017.state.gov/outofdate/bgn/gabon/40492.htm "Gabon"]. ''U.S. Department of State''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210224204514/https://2009-2017.state.gov/outofdate/bgn/gabon/40492.htm Archived] from the original on 24 February 2021. Retrieved 24 May 2019.</ref> E na le palo e e kwa tlase ya baagi go gaisa mafatshe a mangwe mo Afrika,<ref name=":0" /> le [[Human Development Index]] e e kwa godimo go gaisa ya bone mo Sub-Saharan Africa.<ref name=":2" /> {| class="wikitable" |+Batho ba kwa Gabon<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /> !Ngwaga !Dipalo(Milione) ! ! |- |1950 |0.5 | | |- |2000 |1.2 | | |- |2021 |2.3 | | |} === Merafe ya Gabon === Échira, Nzebi-Adouma, Teke-Mbete, Mèmbè, Kota, Akélé. [2] 50] Go na le merafe ya Ba-Pygmy ba ba tlholegileng koo: [[Ba-Bongo,]] le [[Ba-Baka]].<ref name=":0" /> Batho ba ba buang puo e e seng ya Se-Bantu ke bone fela ba ba buang puo e e seng ya Se-Bantu kwa Gabon. Go na le batho ba ba fetang dikete di le lesome ba ba tlholegileng kwa Fora ba ba nnang kwa Gabon, go akaretsa le batho ba ba ka nnang dikete tse pedi ba ba nang le boagi jwa mafatshe a mabedi.<ref name=":0" /> [[Setshwantsho:Crowd on Beach in Gabon.JPG|thumb|Go tlala ga batho mo lewatleng]] Ditso dingwe di aname go ralala Gabon, e leng se se dirang gore go nne le dikamano, go dirisana mmogo ga ditlhopha tseno le go nyalana ga tsone. === '''Mafelo a a nang le batho ba le bantsi''' === {| class="wikitable" |+Ditoropo tsa Gabon ! rowspan="2" |k ! rowspan="2" |Toropo ! colspan="2" |Palo ya Batho ! rowspan="2" |Province |- !2003 census !2013 census |- |1. |Libreville |538,195 |703,940 |Estuaire |- |2. |Port-Gentil |105,712 |136,462 |Ogooué-Maritime |- |3. |Franceville |103,840 |110,568 |Haut-Ogooué |- |4. |Owendo |51,661 |79,300 |Estuaire |- |5. |Oyem |35,241 |60,685 |Woleu-Ntem |- |6. |Moanda |42,703 |59,154 |Haut-Ogooué |- |7. |Ntoum |12,711 |51,954 |Estuaire |- |8. |Lambaréné |24,883 |38,775 |Moyen-Ogooué |- |9. |Mouila |21,074 |36,061 |Ngounié |- |10. |Akanda |– |34,548 |Estuaire |} [[Setshwantsho:Park In Gabon.JPG|thumb|Batho kwa Libreville]] [[Setshwantsho:Front de mer.jpg|thumb|Libreville]] === Diteme === Sefora ke sone fela puo ya semmuso. Go fopholediwa gore 80% ya baagi ba kgona go bua Sefora, le gore 30% ya banni ba Libreville ke batho ba ba buang puo eno jaaka puo ya bone ya kwa gae. Kwa Gabon, bontsi jwa batho ba bua dipuo tsa selegae go ya ka merafe ya bone; palo eno e kwa tlase go na le ya mafatshe a mangwe a Afrika tse di kwa borwa jwa Sahara. Palo ya batho ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi,lesome le metso e meraro( 2013) e fitlhetse gore 63.7% ya batho ba Gabon ba kgona go bua puo ya Gabonese, e e kgaogantsweng ka 86.3% kwa mafelong a magae le 60.5% kwa mafelong a ditoropo ba bua puo e le nngwe ya bosetšhaba.<ref>[http://www.dgstat.ga/images/DSD/RESULTATS-GLOBAUX-RGPL2013-OK_DECEMBRE-2015.pdf "Résultats Globaux du Recensement Général de la Population et des Logements de 2013 du Gabon (RGPL-2013)"] (PDF). Direction Générale des Statistiques du Gabon. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200913223158/http://www.dgstat.ga/images/DSD/RESULTATS-GLOBAUX-RGPL2013-OK_DECEMBRE-2015.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 13 September 2020. Retrieved 7 May 2020.</ref> === Ditumelo === Ditumelo tse di dirisiwang mo Gabon di akaretsa Bokeresete (Bokatoliki jwa Roma le Boporotesetanta), Boiselamo, le ditumelo tsa setso tsa setso. ]<ref name=":5">This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the [[:en:Public_domain|public domain:]] [https://2001-2009.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2007/90098.htm International Religious Freedom Report 2007: Gabon.] [[:en:Bureau_of_Democracy,_Human_Rights_and_Labor|United States Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor]] (September 14, 2007</ref> Batho bangwe ba dirisa dilo tsa Sekeresete le ditumelo tsa setso. <ref name=":5" /> Mo e ka nnang 79% ya baagi (53% ya Bakatoliki) ba dirisa nngwe ya ditumelo tsa Bokeresete; 10% ba dirisa Boiselamo (bontsi jwa bone e le Ba-Sunni); ba ba setseng ba dirisa ditumelo tse dingwe. === Botsogo === Albert Schweitzer o ne a tlhoma kokelo ya poraefete ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe, lesome le metso e meraro( 1913) kwa Lambaréné. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe,masome a robabobedi le metso e metlhano(1985) go ne go na le dikokelo di le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi , ditheo tsa kalafi di le masome a robababobedi le bosupa le mafelo a kalafi a le makgolo a mararo le lesom ele bobedi. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le metso e mene (2004), go ne go fopholediwa gore go na le dingaka di le masome a mabedi le borobabongwe mo bathong bangwe le bangwe ba le dikete dile lekgolo1, mme "mo e ka nnang diperesente di le masome a robabongwe tsa baagi ba ne ba kgona go bona ditirelo tsa kalafi". Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi (2000), 70% ya baagi ba ne ba kgona go bona "metsi a a phepa a go nwa" mme 21% ya bone ba ne ba kgona go bona "tlhapi e e lekaneng ya go tlosa leswe". Thulaganyo ya puso ya boitekanelo e alafa malwetse a a jaaka lepero, bolwetse jwa boroko, malaria, bolwetse jwa go ruruga ga mala, diboko tsa mala lekgotholo e tona . Dipalo tsa go entiwa ga bana ba dingwaga tse di kwa tlase ga bongwe e ne e le 97% ya kgotholo e tona le 65% ya polio. Dipalo tsa batho ba ba neng ba kentiwa kgatlhanong le DPT le mmokwane e ne e le 37% le 56% ka go latelana. Gabon e na le ditlamelo tsa selegae tsa melemo go tswa kwa madirelong a kwa Libreville. Palogotlhe ya palo ya bana ba ba tsholwang e fokotsegile go tloga go 5,8 ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro (1960) go ya go 4,2 bana ka mmè mongwe le mongwe ka dingwaga tsa go tshola bana ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi(2000). Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe,masome a robabongwe le metso e robabobedi (1998), palo ya bommè ba ba neng ba tlhokafala e ne e le makgolo a matlhano le masome a mabedi mo go ba le 100 000 ba ba neng ba tsholwa ba tshela. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le metso e metlhano( 2005), palo ya bana ba ba neng ba tlhokafala e ne e le 55,35 mo go ba le sekete ba ba neng ba tsholwa ba tshela mme palogare ya botshelo e ne e le dingwaga di le 55,02. Go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le metso e mebedi ( 2002), palo ya batho ba ba neng ba swa e ne e fopholediwa go nna 17,6 mo baaging bangwe le bangwe ba le sekete. HIV/AIDS e lekanyetswa go nna 5.2% ya bagolo (ba dingwaga tse 15-49).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120307101419/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2155rank.html?countryName=Lesotho&countryCode=LT&regionCode=af#gb "COUNTRY COMPARISON :: HIV/AIDS – ADULT PREVALENCE RATE".] ''CIA World Factbook''. Archived from [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2155rank.html?countryName=Lesotho&countryCode=LT&regionCode=af#gb the original] on 7 March 2012. Retrieved 2 April 2012.</ref>Go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le metso e robabongwe( 2009), batho ba ba ka nnang 46 000 ba ne ba tshela ka HIV/AIDS. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120521170133/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2156rank.html?countryName=Gabon&countryCode=gb&regionCode=afr&rank=59#gb "COUNTRY COMPARISON :: HIV/AIDS – PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS"]. ''CIA World Factbook''. Archived from [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2156rank.html?countryName=Gabon&countryCode=gb&regionCode=afr&rank=59#gb the original] on 21 May 2012. Retrieved 2 April 2012.</ref> Go ne go na le palo e e fopholediwang ya dintsho tsa AIDS di le 2,400 ka 2009 ⁇ go tswa go dintsho di le Dikete tse tharo ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le metso e meraro ( 2003).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120521170527/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2157rank.html?countryName=Gabon&countryCode=gb&regionCode=afr&rank=52#gb "Country comparison :: HIV/AIDS – deaths".] ''CIA World Factbook''. Archived from [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2157rank.html?countryName=Gabon&countryCode=gb&regionCode=afr&rank=52#gb the original] on 21 May 2012. Retrieved 2 April 2012.</ref> Mo Global Hunger Index (GHI) ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi,masome a mabedi le bone (2024), Gabon e mo maemong a bo masome a supa le boferabobedi mo mafatsheng a le lekgolo le masome a mabedi le bosupa tse di nang le tshedimosetso e e lekaneng. Gabon's GHI score is 17.4, e e supang gore go na le selekanyo se se lekanetseng sa tlala.<ref>[https://www.globalhungerindex.org/ranking.html "Global Hunger Index Scores by 2024 GHI Rank".] ''Global Hunger Index (GHI) - peer-reviewed annual publication designed to comprehensively measure and track hunger at the global, regional, and country levels''. Retrieved 18 December 2024.</ref> === Thuto === Tsamaiso ya yone ya thuto e laolwa ke maphata a le mabedi: Lephata la Thuto, le le ikarabelelang ka dikolo tsa pele ga sekolo sa bana go fitlha ka mophato wa bofelo wa sekolo se segolwane, le Lephata la Thuto e e Kwa Godimo le boranyane jo bo Tlhabolotsweng, le le ikarabelelang ka diyunibesiti, thuto e e kwa godimo le dikolo tsa dikitso. Go ya ka Molao wa Thuto, bana ba dingwaga tse thataro go ya go lesome le borataro ba patelesega go tsena sekolo. Bana bangwe kwa Gabon ba simolola botshelo jwa bone jwa sekolo ka go ya kwa dikerekeng tsa bana ba bannye kgotsa "Crèche", mme morago ga moo ba ya kwa dikerekeng tsa bana ba bannye tse di itsegeng e le "Jardins d'Enfants". Fa ba le dingwaga di le thataro, ba tsena sekolo sa se se botlana, "École Primaire" se se nang le dikereite di le 6. Se se latelang ke "École Secondaire", e e nang le mephato e le supa. Dingwaga tsa go aloga tse di rulagantsweng ke dingwaga di le lesome le borobabongwe. Ba ba alogang ba ka dira kopo ya go amogelwa kwa ditheong tsa thuto e e kwa godimo, go akaretsa le dikolo tsa boitsaanape kgotsa dikolo tsa kgwebo. Go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi,lesome le metso e mebedi ( 2012), palo ya batho ba ba itseng go bala le go kwala ba dingwaga tse lesome le botlhano le go feta e ne e le 82%.<ref>[https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.ADT.LITR.ZS?view=chart "Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above) | Data".] ''data.worldbank.org''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190922184701/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.ADT.LITR.ZS%3Fview%3Dchart Archived] from the original on 22 September 2019. Retrieved 22 September 2019.</ref> Puso e dirisitse madi a e a amogelang ka oli go aga dikolo, go duela barutabana le go rotloetsa thuto, go akaretsa le kwa metseselegaeng. Tlhokomelo ya dikago tsa sekolo le dituelo tsa barutabana di ntse di fokotsega. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le metso e mebedi(2002) palogotlhe ya baithuti ba ba ikwadisitseng mo sekolong sa poraemari e ne e le 132%, mme ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi ( 2000) palogotlhe ya baithuti ba ba ikwadisitseng mo sekolong sa poraemari e ne e le 78%. Palogare ya palogotlhe ya baithuti ba ba ikwadisitseng le ba ba ikwadisitseng e theilwe mo palong ya baithuti ba ba ikwadisitseng semmuso mo sekolong se sebotlana. Go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le motso ( 2001), 69% ya bana ba ba neng ba simolola sekolo se sebotlana ba ne ba na le "tsholofelo" ya go fitlha mo mophatong wa botlhano. Mathata a a leng teng mo tsamaisong ya thuto a akaretsa "tsamaiso e e bokoa le thulaganyo, go tlhoka tlhokomelo, barutabana ba ba sa tshwanelegeng sentle", le "diphaposi tse di tletseng thata". <ref>This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the [[:en:Public_domain|public domain:]] "Gabon". [https://web.archive.org/web/20140109071239/http://www.dol.gov/ilab/media/reports/iclp/tda2005/tda2005.pdf ''2005 Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor'' .] [[:en:Bureau_of_International_Labor_Affairs|Bureau of International Labor Affairs]], [[:en:U.S._Department_of_Labor|U.S. Department of Labor]] (2006).</ref>Go na le diyunibesiti tse di farologaneng kwa Gabon tse di hirilweng, di na le laesense kgotsa di dumetswe ke mokgatlho o o maleba wa thuto e e kwa godimo wa Gabon. <ref>[https://www.unirank.org/ga/ranking/ "Top Universities in Gabon | 2024 University Rankings".] ''uniRank.org''. Retrieved 28 June 2024.</ref> == Ngwao == [[Setshwantsho:TsogoMask.jpg|thumb|Sefatlhego sa Gabon]] Ngwao-boswa ya Gabon, e e neng e theilwe mo dingwaong tse di neng di buiwa ka molomo mo karolong e kgolo ya hisitori ya yone, e ne ya simolola go gola ka ntlha ya go anama ga batho ba ba itseng go bala le go kwala mo lekgolong la bo masome a mabedi le bongwe la dingwaga. lefatshe leno le na le ditlhamane le ditlhamane di le dintsi tsa setso tse di ileng tsa bolokiwa le go fetisediwa go tswa kokomaneng e nngwe go ya go e nngwe. Batho ba ba tlhokometseng dingwao tseno, ba ba bidiwang "raconteurs", ba dira ka natla go tlhomamisa gore di tswelela pele, ba godisa mekgwa e e tshwanang le mvett ya Ba-Fang le Ingwala ya Ba-Nzebi. Selo sa botlhokwa mo setsong sa Gabon ke ditshwantsho tsa sone tsa sefatlhego tse di itsegeng thata, tse nngwe le nngwe ya tsone e nang le bokao le botswerere jo bo sa tshwaneng le bope. Gareng ga tsone go na le di-n'goltang mask tse di itsegeng thata tsa Ba-Fang le ditshwantsho tse di raraaneng tsa masalela a dilo tsa bogologolo tsa [[Ba-Kota.]] Dimaske tseno di na le seabe se se botlhokwa thata mo meletlong e e farologaneng, go akaretsa le e e bontshang ditiragalo tse di botlhokwa tsa botshelo tse di jaaka lenyalo, botsalo le diphitlho. Di dirilwe ke batho ba ba ratang setso ba dirisa dikgong tse di sa bonweng motlhofo tsa mo lefelong leo le dilo tse dingwe tse di tlhwatlhwakgolo, di-mask tseno ke dilo tse di supang botaki le tse di bolokang ngwao-boswa. === Mmino === E na le mefuta e e farologaneng ya mmino wa setso. Mmino wa rock le hip hop o o tswang kwa US le UK o teng kwa Gabon, fela jaaka rumba, makossa le soukous. Didirisiwa dingwe tsa setso di akaretsa obala, ngombi, balafon le meropa.<ref>[https://symbolhunt.com/gabon/national-instrument/ national-instrument"]. ''symbolhunt.com''. 28 December 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220816111422/https://symbolhunt.com/gabon/national-instrument/ Archived] from the original on 16 August 2022. Retrieved 15 August 2022.</ref> === Dijo === Dijo tsa Gabonese di tlhotlhelediwa ke dijo tsa Sefora, mme dijo tsa tlholego di teng.<ref>Foster, Dean (2002). ''[[iarchive:globaletiquetteg00dean/page/177|The Global Etiquette Guide to Africa and the Middle East: Everything You Need to Know for Business and Travel Success]]'' [https://web.archive.org/web/20160611032634/https://books.google.com/books?id=ObyrcJ-Ksv8C&pg=PA177 Archived] 11 June 2016 at the Wayback Machine. John Wiley & Sons. p. 177. ISBN 0471272825</ref> === Metshameko === Setlhopha sa bosetšhaba sa kgwele ya dinao sa Gabon se emetse morafe go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe,masome a marataro lemetso e mebedi(1962).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20171210003222/http://www.fifa.com/associations/association=GAB/about.html "Gabon: Gabon Fédération Gabonaise de Football"]. ''Fifa.com''. FIFA. Archived from [https://www.fifa.com/associations/association=GAB/about.html the original] on 10 December 2017. Retrieved 25 January 2017.</ref> Setlhopha sa kgwele ya dinao sa bana ba dingwaga tse ko tlase ga masome a mabedi le boraro se ne sa fenya CAF U-23 Championship <ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/africa/8488241.stm "Gabon will host the 2012 Africa Cup of Nations final".] ''BBC Sport''. BBC. 29 January 2010. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220214044217/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/africa/8488241.stm Archived] from the original on 14 February 2022. Retrieved 25 January 2017.</ref>ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi,lesome le motso( 2011) mme sa ipaakanyetsa metshameko ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi,lesome bobedi (2012) London Olympics. <ref>[http://www.cafonline.com/en-US/NewsCenter/News/NewsDetails?id=5EBYaO1Q3VpcNMG04lbrDA%3d%3d "Gabon named hosts of AFCON 201"]. ''Cafonline.com''. CAF. 8 April 2015. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170209065745/http://www.cafonline.com/en-US/NewsCenter/News/NewsDetails?id=5EBYaO1Q3VpcNMG04lbrDA%3D%3D Archived] from the original on 9 February 2017. Retrieved 25 January 2017.</ref>Gabon e ne e le baamogedi mmogo le Equatorial Guinea, ba 2012 African Cup of Nations, le baamogedi ba le nosi ba kgaisano ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi,lesome le bosupa (2017) ya kgaisano. Setlhopha sa bosetšhaba sa kgwele ya dinao sa Gabon, se se bitswang Les Panthères,[67]<ref>[http://gabonreview.com/blog/afrobasket-2015-les-pantheres-en-mise-au-vert-en-serbie/ Afrobasket 2015 : Les Panthères en mise au vert en Serbie] [https://web.archive.org/web/20160618125121/http://gabonreview.com/blog/afrobasket-2015-les-pantheres-en-mise-au-vert-en-serbie/ Archived] 18 June 2016 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]], ''GABON Review'', 19 August 2015. Retrieved 12 August 2016. (in French)</ref> se feditse mo maemong a bo borobabobedi kwa [[AfroBasket]] ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015). Gabon e ntse e gaisana mo metshamekong ya Diolimpiki tsa Selemo go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe,masome a supa le metso e mebedi ( 1972). [[Anthony Obame]] o ne a gapa seetsele sa selefera mo taekwondo kwa Diolimpiking tsa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome lebobedi (2012) tse di neng di tshwaretswe kwa Lontone. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120815024157/http://sports.yahoo.com/news/history-making-obame-rues-inexperience-233356551--oly.html "History-making Obame rues inexperience".] Archived from [https://sports.yahoo.com/news/history-making-obame-rues-inexperience-233356551--oly.html the original] on 15 August 2012.</ref> Gabon e na le go thaya ditlhapi go itlosa bodutu mme e tsewa e le "lefelo le le gaisang mo lefatsheng" go tshwara tarpon ya [[Atlantic.]] <ref>Olander, Doug (29 May 2014). "[https://www.sportfishingmag.com/tarpon-fishing-best-locations/ World's Best Tarpon Fishing Spots"]. ''sportfishingmag.com''. Sport Fishing Magazine. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190621011305/https://www.sportfishingmag.com/tarpon-fishing-best-locations/ Archived] from the original on 21 June 2019. Retrieved 21 June 2019.</ref> Fa e sale ka ngwaga wa diketet se pedi le metso e merataro (2006), Gabon e ntse e tshola La Tropicale Amissa Bongo, lobelo lwa dibaesekele lo lo tsayang beke lo lo akaretsang ditlhopha tsa Yuropa le tsa Afrika. <ref>[https://www.procyclingstats.com/race/la-tropicale-amissa-bongo "La Tropicale Amissa Bongo".] ''Pro Cycling Stats''. Retrieved 12 August 2024.</ref> [[Chris Silva]] ke motshameki wa kgwele ya dinao wa kwa Gabon mo kgweleng ya dinao ya kwa Israel. == Ditshupiso == <references /> [[Karolo:Mafatshe a Aforika]] fsmn15h6e64j2k38pv6fc5zhpz4vqfx 0 10404 55361 41933 2026-09-23T06:45:41Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 7 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55361 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hermann Joseph Muller''' (Sedimonthole 21, 1890 – Moranang 5, 1967) e ne e le moitseanape wa dijini wa Moamerika yo o neng a abelwa {{Infobox person|name=Hermann Joseph Muller|image=HJ Muller 1952.jpg|image size=180px|caption=Muller in 1952|birth_date={{birth date|1890|12|21}}|birth_place=New York City, U.S.|death_date={{death date and age|1967|4|5|1890|12|21}}|death_place=[[Indianapolis, Indiana|Indianapolis]], Indiana, U.S.|alma mater=[[Columbia University]]|known for=The genetic effects of [[radiation]]|awards=1927 {{ublist|[[Newcomb Cleveland Prize]]|1946 [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]]|[[Linnean Society of London]]'s [[Darwin–Wallace Medal]] (1958)|[[Foreign Member of the Royal Society]]<ref name="frs">{{Cite journal | last1 = Pontecorvo | first1 = G. | author-link = Guido Pontecorvo| doi = 10.1098/rsbm.1968.0015 | title = Hermann Joseph Muller. 1890-1967 | journal = [[Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society]] | volume = 14 | pages = 348–389| year = 1968 | s2cid = 61317945 }}</ref>|1963 Humanist of the Year ([[American Humanist Association]])}}|spouse(s)={{ublist|Jessie Marie Jacobs (m. 1923)|Dorothea Kantorowicz (m. 1939)}}|children=2, including [[David E. Muller]]|honorific suffix={{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|ForMemRS}}|relatives=[[Mala Htun]] (granddaughter)}} Mokgele wa Nobele wa 1946 wa Fisioloji kgotsa Kalafi, "ka ntlha ya go ribolola gore diphetogo tsa dijini di ka tlhotlhelediwa ke marang a X".<ref>[[:en:Elof_Axel_Carlson|Carlson, Elof Axel]] (1981). ''Genes, radiation, and society: the life and work of H. J. Muller''. Ithaca, N.Y: Cornell University Press. ISBN <bdi>978-0-8014-1304-9</bdi>.</ref>Muller o ne a tlhagisa ka dikotsi tsa nako e telele tsa go wa ga marang a a tswang mo ntweng ya nuklea le go dira diteko tsa nuklea, mme seno se ne sa felela ka gore setšhaba se sekaseke mekgwa eno ka kelotlhoko thata. == Botshelo jwa bogologolo == Muller o tsholetswe kwa New York City, e le morwa wa ga Frances (Lyons) le Hermann Joseph Muller yo Mogolo, yo e neng e le modiri wa diatla yo o neng a bereka ka ditshipi. Muller e ne e le Moamerika wa kokomana ya boraro yo bagologolwane ba ga rraagwe e neng e le Bakatoliki kwa tshimologong mme ba tla kwa United States go tswa kwa Koblenz.<ref>Elof Axel Carlson (2009). [https://web.archive.org/web/20181024163827/http://www.nasonline.org/publications/biographical-memoirs/memoir-pdfs/muller-hermann.pdf "Hermann Joseph Muller 1890–1967"] (PDF). ''National Academy of Sciences''.</ref>Lelapa la ga mmaagwe e ne e le la Bajuta ba ba tlhakaneng (ba tswa mo Bajuteng ba Spain le Mapotokisi) le ba Anglican, mme ba ne ba tswa kwa Boritane.<ref>Elof Axel Carlson (2009). [https://web.archive.org/web/20181024163827/http://www.nasonline.org/publications/biographical-memoirs/memoir-pdfs/muller-hermann.pdf "Hermann Joseph Muller 1890–1967"] (PDF). ''National Academy of Sciences''.</ref><ref>[https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1946/muller-bio.html?print=1 "Hermann J. Muller – Biographical".] ''NobelPrice.org''.</ref>Gareng ga ditsala tsa gagwe tsa ntlha go ne go na le Alfred Kroeber (Kroeber e ne e le rraagwe Ursula Le Guin) mme ditsala tsa gagwe tsa ntlha tse di kileng tsa tlosiwa e ne e le Herbert J. Muller.<ref>Elof Axel Carlson (2009). [https://web.archive.org/web/20181024163827/http://www.nasonline.org/publications/biographical-memoirs/memoir-pdfs/muller-hermann.pdf "Hermann Joseph Muller 1890–1967"] (PDF). ''National Academy of Sciences''.</ref> Fa Muller a ne a le mo dingwageng tsa bolesome, o ne a tsena kereke ya Unitarian mme o ne a itsaya e le modumedi wa bomodimo; kwa sekolong se segolo, o ne a nna molatolamodimo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20181024163827/http://www.nasonline.org/publications/biographical-memoirs/memoir-pdfs/muller-hermann.pdf "A Biographical Memoir"] (PDF). ''nasonline.org''.</ref>O ne a dira sentle thata mo dikolong tsa puso. Fa a le dingwaga di le 16, o ne a tsena kwa Kholetšheng ya Columbia. Go tloga ka semesetara ya gagwe ya ntlha, o ne a kgatlhegela thutatshelo; o ne a nna mosokologi wa ntlha wa kgopolo ya ga Mendelian-chromosome ya gore ditshedi di na le ditshedi tse di farologaneng—le kgopolo ya gore dijini di fetoga le go tlhopha ga ditshedi tsa tlholego ke motheo wa thutotlhagelelo. O ne a tlhoma tlelapo ya thutatshelo mme gape a nna motshegetsi wa eugenics; dikgolagano magareng ga thutatshelo le setšhaba e ne e tla nna selo se a neng a tshwenyegile ka sone ka metlha. Muller o ne a bona dikirii ya Bachelor ya Botsweretshi ka 1910.<ref>Carlson, ''Genes, Radiation, and Society'', pp. 17–37</ref> Muller o ne a sala kwa Columbia (thulaganyo e e neng e itsege thata ya thutophologolo ya Amerika ka nako eo, ka ntlha ya ga E. B. Wilson le baithuti ba gagwe) go ya go aloga. O ne a simolola go kgatlhegela tiro ya dijini tsa Drosophila ya laboratori ya dintsi ya ga Thomas Hunt Morgan morago ga gore batho ba ba tlhatswang mabotlolo ba pele ga kalogo e bong Alfred Sturtevant le Calvin Bridges ba tsene mo tlelapong ya gagwe ya thutatshelo. Ka 1911–1912, o ne a ithuta go fetoga ga dijo kwa Yunibesithing ya Cornell, mme a nna a tshwaragane le Columbia. O ne a latela drosophilists jaaka dimmapa tsa ntlha tsa dijini di tlhagelela go tswa mo ditekong tsa ga Morgan, mme a tsenela setlhopha sa ga Morgan ka 1912 (morago ga dingwaga di le pedi tsa go tsaya karolo go go sa tlhomamang).<ref>Carlson, ''Genes, Radiation, and Society'', pp. 37–69</ref> Mo setlhopheng sa dintsi, dilo tse Muller a neng a di ntsha e ne e le tsa kgopolo fela—ditlhaloso tsa dipholo tsa ditekelelo le dikgopolo le dipolelelopele tsa ditekelelo tse disha. Le fa go ntse jalo, mo setsong se se neng se tlhagelela sa tirisanommogo sa ba-drosophilist, go ne go abelwa sekoloto go ikaegilwe ka dipholo go na le dikgopolo; Muller o ne a ikutlwa a tsieditswe fa a ne a tlogelwa kwa ntle ga dikgatiso tse dikgolo.<ref>[[iarchive:lordsofflydrosop0000kohl|Carlson, ''Genes, Radiation, and Society'', pp. 70–90; for more on the culture and norms of the fly lab, see .]]</ref> == Mokgwa wa go itshetsa le tswelelopele == Ka 1914, Julian Huxley o ne a naya Muller tiro kwa Setheong sa Raese sa William Marsh se se sa tswang go tlhongwa, se jaanong e leng sekolong se se golwane sa Rice; o ne a itlhaganelela go wetsa dikirii ya gagwe ya Ngaka ya filosofi mme a fudugela kwa Houston kwa tshimologong ya ngwaga wa dithuto wa 1915–1916 (dikirii ya gagwe e ne ya ntshiwa ka 1916). Kwa Rice, Muller o ne a ruta thutatshelo mme a tswelela ka tiro ya laboratori ya Drosophila. Ka 1918, o ne a tshitshinya tlhaloso ya diphetogo tse di gakgamatsang tse di sa tsweleleleng mo Oenothera lamarckiana tse e neng e le motheo wa kgopolo ya ga Hugo de Vries ya phetogo ya dijini: "dibolaya tse di lekalekanang" di ne tsa letla go kokoanngwa ga diphetogo tse di sa tlhomamang, mme go kgabaganya ka sewelo mo godimo ga ditiragalo go ne ga felela ka gore ditiragalo tseno di tlhagelele ka tshoganyetso. Ka mafoko a mangwe, diteko tsa ga de Vries di ne di ka tlhalosiwa ka kgopolo ya ga Mendelian ya di- chromosome. Tiro ya ga Muller e ne e ntse e tlhomile mogopolo thata mo selekanyong sa diphetogo tsa dijini le diphetogo tse di bolayang. Ka 1918, Morgan, yo o neng a na le diatla tse dikhutshwane ka gonne bontsi jwa baithuti ba gagwe le bathusi ba gagwe ba ne ba kwadisitswe go tsena mo Ntweng ya Lefatshe I ya U.S., o ne a dira gore Muller a boele kwa Columbia go ya go ruta le go atolosa thulaganyo ya gagwe ya go dira diteko.<ref>Carlson, ''Genes, Radiation, and Society'', pp. 91–108</ref> Kwa Columbia, Muller le modirisanimmogo le ene le tsala ya gagwe ya nako e telele e bong Edgar Altenburg ba ne ba tswelela ka patlisiso ka diphetogo tse di bolayang tsa dijini. Mokgwa o mogolo wa go lemoga diphetogo tse di ntseng jalo tsa dijini e ne e le go lekanya selekanyo sa bong jwa bana ba dintshi tse di namagadi. Ba ne ba bolelela pele gore selekanyo seno se ne se tla farologana go tswa go 1:1 ka ntlha ya diphetogo tse di sa siamang mo chromosomeng ya X, tse di neng di tla bontshiwa fela mo banneng (ba ba neng ba se na allele e e dirang mo chromosomeng ya bobedi ya X). Muller o ne a fitlhela go ikaega thata ka themperetšha mo seelong sa phetogo ya dijini, mme seno sa dira gore a dumele gore phetogo ya dijini e e itiragalelang fela ke yone e e neng e laola (le gore kwa tshimologong a fokotse seabe sa mabaka a kwa ntle a a jaaka marang a ionizing kgotsa dikhemikhale). Ka 1920, Muller le Altenburg ba ne ba kwala mmogo pampiri e e botlhokwa mo Dijining ka ga "dijini tse di fetolang" tse di laolang bogolo jwa diphuka tsa Drosophila tse di fetogileng. Ka 1919, Muller o ne a ribolola sengwe se se botlhokwa se se fetogang (se moragonyana se neng sa fitlhelwa e le go fetoga ga di- chromosome) se se neng se lebega se gatelela go kgabaganya, mme seno se ne sa bula ditsela tse disha mo dithutong tsa selekanyo sa phetogo ya ditshedi. Le fa go ntse jalo, go tlhomiwa ga gagwe kwa Columbia ga go a ka ga tswelela pele; o ne a amogela tiro e e tswang kwa sekolong segolwane ya Texas mme a tswa kwa Columbia morago ga selemo sa 1920.<ref>Carlson, ''Genes, Radiation, and Society'', pp. 109–119</ref> Muller o ne a ruta kwa Yunibesithing ya Texas go tloga ka 1920 go fitlha ka 1932. Ka bonako fela fa a sena go boela kwa Texas, o ne a nyala moporofesara wa dipalo e bong Jessie Marie Jacobs, yo a neng a ratana le ene pelenyana. Mo dingwageng tsa gagwe tsa ntlha kwa Texas, tiro ya ga Muller ya Drosophila e ne e tsamaya ka bonya; tshedimosetso go tswa mo dithutong tsa gagwe tsa selekanyo sa phetogo ya dijini e ne e le thata go e ranola. Ka 1923, o ne a simolola go dirisa radium le marang a X,<ref>Hamilton, Vivien (2016)[https://www.sciencehistory.org/distillations/magazine/the-secrets-of-life . "The Secrets of Life: Historian Luis Campos resurrects radium's role in early genetics research"]. ''Distillations''. '''2''' (2): 44–45. Retrieved March 22, 2018.</ref> mme go ne go le thata go lekanya kamano fa gare ga marang le phetogo ya dijini ka gonne marang a a ntseng jalo le one a ne a bolaya dintshi. Mo pakeng eno, o ne a nna le seabe gape mo go tsa eugenics le tsa dijini tsa batho. O ne a dira patlisiso ka mafatlha a a kgaoganeng fa a tsholwa e e neng e lebega e bontsha gore go na le karolo e e nonofileng ya I.Q. Muller o ne a nyatsa ditaelo tse dišwa tsa mokgatlho wa eugenics (jaaka go nna kgatlhanong le bofaladi), mme o ne a na le tsholofelo ka ga ditsholofelo tsa eugenics e e siameng.<ref>Pontecorvo, G. (December 1968). [https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.ge.02.120168.000245 "Hermann Joseph Muller".] ''Annual Review of Genetics''. '''2''' (1): 1–10. doi:10.1146/annurev.ge.02.120168.000245. ISSN 0066-4197. Retrieved March 9, 2023.</ref><ref>Carlson, ''Genes, Radiation, and Society'', pp. 120–140</ref>Ka 1932, kwa Khonkereseng ya Boraro ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Eugenics, Muller o ne a neela puo mme a bolela gore, "eugenics e ka nna ya itekanela lotso lwa batho, mme fela mo setšhabeng se se rulagantsweng ka kelotlhoko go solegela botlhe molemo".<ref>[https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/films/eugenics-crusade/#part01 "The Eugenics Crusade What's Wrong with Perfect?"]. PBS. October 16, 2018. Retrieved November 4, 2018. <q>There is no scientific basis for the conclusion that the socially lower class have genetically inferior intellectual equipment. Certain slum districts of our cities are factories for criminality among those who happen to be born in them. Under these circumstances, it is society, not the individual, which is the real criminal and which stands to be judged. Eugenics might yet perfect the human race, but only in a society consciously organized for the common good.</q></ref> '''Go ribololwa ga phetogo ya dijini tsa X-ray''' Ka 1926, go ne ga simolola motseletsele wa diphitlhelelo tse dikgolo. Ka Ngwanatsele, Muller o ne a dira diteko tse pedi ka ditekanyetso tse di farologaneng tsa marang a X, ya bobedi ya tsone e ne ya dirisa setoko sa go kgabaganya se se gatelelang ("ClB") se a neng a se bone ka 1919. Kgolagano e e tlhapileng, ya bontsi fa gare ga marang le diphetogo tse di bolayang e ne ya tlhagelela ka bonako. Thibololo ya ga Muller e ne ya dira gore metswedi ya dikgang e tlhotlheletsege morago ga gore a neele pampiri e e bidiwang "Bothata jwa Phetolo ya Dijini" kwa Khonkereseng ya Botlhano ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Dijini kwa Berlin; e ne e tla mo dira mongwe wa batlhalefi ba setšhaba ba ba itsegeng thata mo masimologong a lekgolo la bo20 la dingwaga. Ka 1928, ba bangwe ba ne ba boeletsa dipholo tsa gagwe tse di gakgamatsang, ba di atolosetsa kwa ditsheding tse dingwe tsa sekao, tse di jaaka diboko le mmidi. Mo dingwageng tse di latelang, o ne a simolola go phasalatsa dikotsi tse di ka nnang teng tsa go tsenwa ke marang mo bathong (jaaka dingaka tse di dirisang didirisiwa tsa X-ray kgapetsakgapetsa kgotsa barekisi ba ditlhako ba ba neng ba tsenya marang mo dinaong tsa bareki ba bone).<ref>Carlson, ''Genes, Radiation, and Society'', pp. 141–164</ref> Laboratori ya gagwe e ne ya gola ka bonako, mme e ne ya ngotlega gape morago ga go simolola ga Kwelotlase e Kgolo ya Ikonomi. Segolobogolo morago ga go phutlhama ga mmaraka wa dithoto, Muller o ne a nna a sa solofele sepe ka ditsholofelo tsa bokapitale. Bangwe ba maloko a gagwe a laboratori a a neng a mo etetse ba ne ba tswa kwa USSR, mme o ne a thusa go rulaganya le go anamisa lekwalodikgang la baithuti la molema le le seng kafa molaong, The Spark. E ne e le nako e e thata mo go Muller mo go tsa saense le ka namana; lenyalo la gagwe le ne le phutlhama, mme o ne a ntse a sa kgotsofalele botshelo jwa gagwe kwa Texas. Go sa le jalo, go fokotsega ga mokgatlho wa eugenics, ka tsela e e sotlang e e neng ya potlakisiwa ke tiro ya gagwe e e neng e supa dikgolagano tse di neng di tlhokomologilwe pele fa gare ga tikologo le dijini, go ne go raya gore dikgopolo tsa gagwe ka ga isagwe ya thutotlhagelelo ya batho di ne di fokoditse tshusumetso mo setšhabeng.<ref>Carlson, ''Genes, Radiation, and Society'', pp. 141–164</ref>Puo ya ga Muller pele ga Khonferense ya Boraro ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Eugenics kwa New York e ile ya akgolwa ka go tshwaya bokhutlo jwa Bo-Galton, mme gongwe le eugenics ka boyone, jaaka mokgatlho o o tlwaelegileng mo saenseng. H. Bentley Glass, molebeledi wa motlha wa segompieno le Ph.D. moithuti wa ga Muller, o ne a tla re puo ya ga Muller "e batlile e wetsa tiro ya Mokgatlho wa Eugenics".<ref>Carlson, ''Genes, Radiation, and Society'', pp. 141–164</ref>Muller o ne a bolelela ba ba neng ba kokoane gore dikeletso tsa eugenic ga di kitla di tlhola di fitlhelelwa, ka gonne tsamaiso ya bokapitale e ntsha maitlhomo a a sa siamang a tiro ya motho ka bongwe, mme o ne a nyatsa ditlholego tsa setlhopha se se laolang, le mofuta wa setšhaba se ba neng ba se tlhama.<ref>Hardin, Garrett. [[iarchive:naturemansfate0000garr/|''Nature and Man's Fate'',]] pp.228-229, Rinehart & Company, Inc., New York, Toronto</ref> '''Tiro kwa Yuropa''' [[Setshwantsho:First Street 1001, Muller House, Vinegar Hill HD.jpg|thumb|First Street 1001, Muller House]] Ka Lwetse 1932, Muller o ne a fudugela kwa Berlin go ya go dira le moitseanape wa dijini wa Mo-Russia yo o tswang kwa dinageng tse dingwe e bong Nikolay Timofeeff-Ressovsky; loeto lo lo neng lo ikaeletswe go nna loeto lo lo lekanyeditsweng lwa sabata lo lo neng lwa nna loeto lwa dingwaga di le robedi, lwa dinaga di le tlhano. Kwa Berlin, o ne a kopana le baitseanape ba babedi ba fisikisi ba moragonyana ba neng ba tla nna botlhokwa mo setšhabeng sa thutatshelo: Niels Bohr le Max Delbrück. Mokgatlho wa Bonasi o ne o akofisa go fuduga ka bonako ga ditalente tsa saense go tswa kwa Jeremane, mme Muller o ne a le kgatlhanong thata le dipolotiki tsa Bososialise jwa Bosetšhaba. FBI e ne e batlisisa Muller ka ntlha ya go nna le seabe ga gagwe mo The Spark, ka jalo o ne a tlhopha go na le moo go ya kwa Soviet Union (tikologo e e neng e tshwanela botoka ditumelo tsa gagwe tsa sepolotiki). Ka 1933, Muller le mosadi wa gagwe ba ne ba letlana, mme ene le morwa wa bone e bong David E. Muller ba ne ba fudugela kwa Leningrad le Hermann. Fa a le koo, kwa Setheong sa Dijini, o ne a reka didirisiwa tsa motheo tsa laboratori ya Drosophila—go akaretsa le dintshi—mme a tlhoma lebenkele. Setheo seno se ne sa fudusediwa kwa Moscow ka 1934, mme Muller le mosadi wa gagwe ba ne ba tlhalana ka 1935.<ref>Carlson, ''Genes, Radiation, and Society'', pp. 184–203</ref> Kwa USSR, Muller o ne a okametse laboratori e kgolo e e nang le matswela, mme a rulaganya tiro ya dijini tsa kalafi. Bontsi jwa tiro ya gagwe e ne e akaretsa go batlisisa go ya pele ka dijini le marang. Koo o ne a wetsa buka ya gagwe ya thuto ya go oketsa batho, Out of the Night, e dikgopolo tsa yone tse dikgolo di neng di simolotse ka 1910.<ref>H. J. Muller, ''Out of the Night: A Biologist's View of the Future'' (New York: Vangard, 1935), p. v.</ref>Lefa go ntse jalo, ka 1936, melao ya ga Joseph Stalin e e gatelelang le go tlhagelela ga Bo-Lysenko di ne di dira gore USSR e nne lefelo le le nang le mathata a a oketsegileng la go nna le go bereka. Muller le bontsi jwa setšhaba sa dijini sa kwa Russia ba ne ba dira se ba ka se<ref>H. J. Muller, ''Out of the Night: A Biologist's View of the Future'' (New York: Vangard, 1935), p. v.</ref> kgonang go ganetsa Trofim Lysenko le kgopolo ya gagwe ya thutotlhagelelo ya ga Larmarck, mme Muller o ne a patelesega go tswa mo Soviet Union ka bonako morago ga gore Stalin a bale thanolo ya buka ya gagwe ya dijini mme o ne a "sa itumelele yone, mme...a laela gore go tlhaselwe kgatlhanong le seno." bo sa nneng teng. Dikgang tsa ditsheko tsa ga Lysenko di ne di gorogile kwa United States, mme morwawe David o ne a godisiwa koo, morago ga tlhalo ya gagwe.<ref>H. J. Muller, ''Out of the Night: A Biologist's View of the Future'' (New York: Vangard, 1935), p. v.</ref> Mo kgoeletsong ya semmuso ya Setheo, go tlhomamisa ga ditshedi go ne ga ganwa: "Tlhabololo ya setšhaba ga e laolwe ke melao ya ditshedi mme e laolwa ke melao e e kwa godimo ya loago. Maiteko a go anamisa mo bathong melao ya bogosi jwa diphologolo ke maiteko a go isa motho kwa tlase go ya kwa maemong a dibatana."<ref>Hardin, Garrett. ''[[iarchive:naturemansfate0000garr/|Nature and Man's Fat]]<nowiki/>e'', pp.217, Rinehart & Company, Inc., New York, Toronto</ref> Muller, yo o nang le mefuta e ka nna 250 ya Drosophila, o ne a fudugela kwa Yunibesithing ya Edinburgh ka Lwetse 1937, morago ga go nna ka nakwana kwa Madrid le kwa Paris. Ka 1938, fa ntwa e ne e le gaufi, o ne a simolola go batla tiro ya leruri kwa morago kwa United States. Gape o ne a simolola go ratana le Dorothea "Thea" Kantorowicz, motshabi wa Mojeremane; ba ne ba nyalana ka May 1939. Khonkerese ya Bosupa ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Dijini e ne ya tshwarelwa kwa Edinburgh moragonyana mo ngwageng oo; Muller o kwadile "Geneticists' Manifesto"[24] fa a araba potso e e reng: "Palo ya batho ba lefatshe e ka tokafadiwa jang ka tsela e e nang le matswela thata ka dijini?" O ne gape a tsenelela mo kganetsanong le gadfly e e sa feleng ya dijini Richard Goldschmidt ka ga go nna teng ga jini, e go neng go se na bosupi jo bo tlhamaletseng jwa yone ka nako eo.<ref>Carlson, ''Genes, Radiation, and Society'', pp. 235–273</ref> '''Tiro ya moragonyana''' Ntlo ya ga Muller kwa Bloomington, kwa Indiana Fa Muller a boela kwa United States ka 1940, o ne a tsaya tiro ya patlisiso e e neng e sa duelwe kwa Kholetšheng ya Amherst, mo lephateng la ga Otto C. Glaser. Fa U.S. e sena go tsena mo Ntweng ya Lefatshe II, maemo a gagwe a ne a atolosiwa ka bosakhutleng mme a atolosiwa go akaretsa le go ruta. Tiro ya gagwe ya Drosophila mo pakeng eno e ne e tlhomile mogopolo mo go lekanyeng selekanyo sa diphetogo tse di itiragalelang fela (go farologana le tse di bakiwang ke marang). Seelo sa kgatiso ya ga Muller se ne sa fokotsega thata mo pakeng eno, go tswa mo kopanong ya go tlhoka badiri ba laboratori le diporojeke tse di gwetlhang tsa go dira diteko. Le fa go ntse jalo, gape o ne a dira jaaka mogakolodi mo Porojekeng ya Manhattan (le fa gone a ne a sa itse gore ke sone seo), mmogo le go ithuta ka ditlamorago tsa go fetoga ga dijini tsa radara. Go tlhomiwa ga ga Muller go ne ga khutla morago ga ngwaga wa dithuto wa 1944–1945, mme le fa go ne go na le mathata a a neng a bakilwe ke ditiro tsa gagwe tsa sepolotiki tsa bososialise, o ne a bona maemo a go nna moporofesara wa thutodiphologolo kwa Yunibesithing ya Indiana.<ref>Carlson, ''Genes, Radiation, and Society'', pp. 274–288</ref> Fano, o ne a nna mo ntlong ya Tsosoloso ya Bokoloniale ya Madatšhe mo tikologong ya Vinegar Hill ya Bloomington.<ref>Indiana Historic Sites and Structures Inventory. ''City of Bloomington Interim Report''. Bloomington: City of Bloomington, 2004-04, 90.</ref> Ka 1946, Muller o ne a newa Mokgele wa Nobel wa Fisioloji kgotsa Kalafi, "ka ntlha ya go ribolola gore diphetogo tsa dijini di ka tlhotlhelediwa ke marang a X". Dijini, mme bogolo jang tlholego ya mmele le ya mmele ya jini, e ne e nna kgang e e botlhokwa mo thutatshelong, mme phetogo ya dijini ka X-ray e ne e le selotlolo sa kgatelopele e ntsi ya bosheng, gareng ga tsone tiro ya ga George Beadle le Edward Tatum ka ga Neurospora e e neng ya tlhoma ka 1941 kgopolo ya gore jini e le nngwe ke enzyme e le nngwe28. Mo thutong ya ga Muller ya Mokgele wa Nobel, o ne a bolela gore ga go na selekanyo sepe sa marang se se neng se sa tlhagise diphetogo tsa ditshedi, se se neng sa dira gore go amogelwe mokgwa wa marang o o sa lekanyediwang mo dikotsing tsa kankere.<ref>Calabrese, E. J. (June 30, 2011)[https://web.archive.org/web/20170802001406/http://users.physics.harvard.edu/~wilson/freshman_seminar/Radiation/Calabrese-Muller-1-1.pdf . "Muller's Nobel lecture on dose–response for ionizing radiation:ideology or science?"] (PDF). ''Archives of Toxicology''. '''85''' (4): 1495–1498. Bibcode:2011ArTox..85.1495C. doi:10.1007/s00204-011-0728-8. <nowiki>PMID 21717110</nowiki>. S2CID 4708210. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 2, 2017. Retrieved December 30, 2011.</ref> Mokgele wa Nobel, morago ga go thunya ga dibomo tsa atomo kwa Hiroshima le Nagasaki, o ne wa tsepamisa tlhokomelo ya setšhaba mo kgannyeng e Muller a neng a ntse a e phasalatsa dingwaga di le masome a mabedi - dikotsi tsa marang. Ka 1952, go wa ga nuklea go ne ga nna kgang ya batho botlhe; fa e sa le ka Tiro ya Kgabaganyo ya Ditsela, go ntse go oketsega e bosupi bo ne bo ntse bo dutla ka bolwetse jwa marang le loso lo lo bakiwang ke go dira diteko tsa nuklea. Muller le baitsesaense ba bangwe ba le bantsi ba ne ba dira ditiro tse di farologaneng tsa sepolotiki go fokotsa matshosetsi a ntwa ya nuklea. Ka kganetsano ya go wa ga Castle Bravo ka 1954, kgang eno e ne ya potlakela le go feta. dibetsa.<ref>John Bellamy Foster (2009). ''The Ecological Revolution: Making Peace with the Planet'', Monthly Review Press, New York, pp. 71–72.</ref><ref>Carlson, ''Genes, Radiation, and Society'', pp. 336–379.</ref>E ne e le mosaeni (le borasaense ba bangwe ba le bantsi) wa boikuelo jwa 1958 jo bo yang kwa Ditšhabeng tse di Kopaneng, jo bo neng bo kopa gore go fedisiwe diteko tsa dibetsa tsa nyutlea, tse di neng tsa simololwa ke mokhemisi yo o fentseng Mokgele wa Nobel Linus Pauling.<ref>John Bellamy Foster (2009). ''The Ecological Revolution: Making Peace with the Planet'', Monthly Review Press, New York, pp. 71–72.</ref> Dikakanyo tsa ga Muller ka ga ditlamorago tsa marang mo phetogong ya ditshedi di ne tsa dirisiwa ke Rachel Carson mo bukeng ya gagwe ya Silent Spring,<ref>Carson, Rachel Louise (1962). ''Silent spring''. Penguin Books. pp. 209, 211, 279. [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-14-118494-4|ISBN <bdi>978-0-14-118494-4</bdi>. OCLC 934630161]]</ref>le fa go ntse jalo, dikakanyo tsa gagwe di ile tsa kgalwa ke baitsesaense bangwe; moitseanape wa dijini James F. Crow o ne a bitsa pono ya ga Muller a re ke "e e tshosang" mme a kwala gore e ne ya dira gore batho ba nne le "poifo e e sa utlwaleng ya marang a a kwa tlase fa e bapisiwa le dikotsi tse dingwe".<ref>James F. Crow (1987). "Muller, Dobzhansky, and Overdominance". ''Journal of the History of Biology''. '''20''' (3): 351–380. doi:10.1007/bf00139460. S2CID [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:83821609 83821609.]</ref>Go ile ga ngangisanwa ka gore kgopolo ya ga Muller e ne e sa tshegediwe ke dithutopatlisiso ka ga bafalodi ba dibomo tsa athomo, kgotsa ke dipatlisiso mo dipebeng,<ref>[https://www.afis.org/Les-lecons-inattendues-d-Hiroshima "Les leçons inattendues d'Hiroshima / Afis Science - Association française pour l'information scientifique".] ''Afis Science - Association française pour l’information scientifique''. Retrieved January 15, 2024.</ref> le gore o ne a itlhokomolosa patlisiso e nngwe e e neng e ganetsana le sekao sa linear no-threshold se a neng a se tshegetsa, ka jalo a ama go tlhamiwa ga pholisi e e neng e rata sekao seno.<ref>Calabrese, E. J. (June 30, 2011). [https://web.archive.org/web/20170802001406/http://users.physics.harvard.edu/~wilson/freshman_seminar/Radiation/Calabrese-Muller-1-1.pdf "Muller's Nobel lecture on dose–response for ionizing radiation:ideology or science?" (]PDF). ''Archives of Toxicology''. '''85''' (4): 1495–1498. Bibcode:2011ArTox..85.1495C. doi:10.1007/s00204-011-0728-8. <nowiki>PMID 21717110</nowiki>. S2CID 4708210. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 2, 2017. Retrieved December 30, 2011.</ref>O ne gape a latofadiwa ka go gatelela maikutlo a a ganetsanang, le gore Komiti ya Sekolo sa Bosetšhaba sa Disaense sa Amerika e a neng a le karolo ya yone e ne ya tlhagisa rekoto ya patlisiso ka tsela e e sa siamang go netefatsa gore o tswelela go newa madi le go nonotsha tlhotlheletso ya gagwe mo pholising ya boitekanelo ya Amerika.<ref>Calabrese, Edward J.; Giordano, James; Shamoun, Dima Yazji (January 15, 2025). [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15459624.2025.2449937?src= "Professional improbity: How Hermann J. Muller's ethics affected his science".] ''J Occup Environ Hyg''. '''15''': 1–13. doi:10.1080/15459624.2025.2449937. <nowiki>PMID 39812576</nowiki>.</ref> Muller o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la Sekolo sa Botsweretshi le Disaense sa Amerika ka 1942 le Mokgatlho wa Filosofi wa Amerika ka 1947<ref>[https://www.amacad.org/person/hermann-joseph-muller "Hermann Joseph Muller"]. ''American Academy of Arts & Sciences''. February 9, 2023. Retrieved March 14, 2023.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20241211175932/https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=Hermann%20Joseph%20Muller&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=&year-max=&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced "APS Member History"]. ''search.amphilsoc.org''. Retrieved March 14, 2023.</ref>Muller o ne a newa Metlele ya Darwin-Wallace ya Mokgatlho wa Linnean wa London ka 1958 le Sekgele sa Dijini sa Kimber sa Sekolo sa Bosetšhaba sa Saense sa U.S. 1955. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20181031081957/http://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/deceased-members/20000750.html "Hermann Muller".] ''www.nasonline.org''. Retrieved March 14, 2023.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170831174359/http://www.nasonline.org/programs/awards/kimber-genetics-award.html "Kimber Genetics Award"]. ''National Academy of Sciences''.</ref>O ne a direla jaaka mopresidente wa Mokgatlho wa Botho wa Amerika go tloga ka 1956 go fitlha ka 1958.<ref>"Past AHA Presidents". ''American Humanist Association''. July 16, 2023.</ref> Mokgatlho wa Dipalo wa Amerika o ne wa mo tlhopha go nna Motlhatlheledi wa one wa Gibbs ka 1958.<ref>Muller, H. J. (1958). "Evolution by mutation". ''Bull. Amer. Math. Soc''. '''64''' (4): 137–160. doi:10.1090/s0002-9904-1958-10191-3. MR 0095766.</ref>O ne a rola tiro ka 1964.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150202215305/http://www.osti.gov/accomplishments/muller.html "Hermann Muller and Mutations in Drosophila".] ''U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Scientific and Technical Information''. Archived from the original on February 2, 2015.</ref>Diyuniti tsa motheo tsa boswa tsa Drosophila, matsogo a tsona a dikhoromosome, di bidiwa "dielemente tsa Muller" go tlotla Muller.[44] O tlhokafetse ka 1967. H. J. Muller le mokwadi wa ditlhamane tsa saense Ursula K. Le Guin e ne e le ditsala tsa ntlha fa ba kile ba tlosiwa; rraagwe (Hermann J. Muller Sr.) le mmaagwe rraagwe (Johanna Muller Kroeber) e ne e le bana ba motho, bana ba ga Nicholas Müller, yo o neng a fudugela kwa United States ka 1848, mme ka nako eo a tlosa umlaut mo leineng la gagwe. Motsala yo mongwe e ne e le Herbert J. Muller, yo rraagwemogolo Otto e neng e le morwa yo mongwe wa ga Nicholas le ngwana wa kwa gae Hermann yo Mogolo le Johanna.<ref>Carlson, ''Genes, Radiation, and Society'', pp. 10–11</ref> '''Boswa''' Mo athikeleng ya bosheng ya go leba kwa morago ka ga seabe sa ga Muller, James Haber<ref>Haber, J. E. (2023). "101 years ago: Hermann Muller's remarkable insight". ''Genetics''. '''223''' (4): iyad015. doi:10.1093/genetics/iyad015. PMC 10078901. <nowiki>PMID 36843148</nowiki>.</ref> o kwadile jaana: Moitseanape wa dijini tsa Drosophila, e bong Hermann Muller, o ne a akanya ka melaometheo ya konokono e molekhule o o ntseng jalo o tshwanetseng go nna le yone: go kgona go ikopanya ka boyone le go kgona go fetoga mme morago ga moo o bo o tlhomame gape. O ne a latela tlhatlhobo ya gagwe ya prescient ya dipharologantsho tseno ka ponelopele e e gakgamatsang: go ithuta ka sedirisiwa se se tsewang ka boswa le dipharologantsho tsa sone go ne go ka se tle ka go ithuta Drosophila, mme go ne go tla tla ka go ithuta dibakateria le di-bacteriophage tsa tsone. == Pholisi ya lefatshe lotlhe == E ne e le mongwe wa ba ba saenileng tumalano ya go bitsa kopano ya go kwala molaotheo wa lefatshe.<ref>[https://www.afb.org/HelenKellerArchive?a=d&d=A-HK01-07-B149-F04-022.1.8 "Letters from Thane Read asking Helen Keller to sign the World Constitution for world peace. 1961"]. ''Helen Keller Archive''. American Foundation for the Blind. Retrieved July 1, 2023.</ref> <ref>[https://www.afb.org/HelenKellerArchive?a=d&d=A-HK01-07-B154-F05-028.1.6 "Letter from World Constitution Coordinating Committee to Helen, enclosing current materials"]. ''Helen Keller Archive''. American Foundation for the Blind. Retrieved July 3, 2023.</ref>Ka ntlha ya seo, lekgetlo la ntlha mo hisitoring ya batho, Kokoano ya Lefatshe Lotlhe ya Molaotheo e ne ya kopana go kwala le go amogela Molaotheo wa Kopano ya Lefatshe.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230719215501/http://encyclopedia.uia.org/en/strategy/193465 "Preparing earth constitution | Global Strategies & Solutions | The Encyclopedia of World Problems"]. ''The Encyclopedia of World Problems | Union of International Associations (UIA)''. Retrieved July 15, 2023.</ref> == Botshelo jwa motho ka namana == Muller o ne a na le morwadi, Helen J. Muller, yo jaanong e leng moporofesa yo o tlogetseng tiro kwa sekolong se segolwane ya New Mexico, yo o nang le morwadi, Mala Htun, yo le ene e leng moporofesa kwa sekolong se segolwane ya New Mexico. Morwawe e bong David E. Muller, yo e neng e le moporofesa yo o tlogetseng tiro wa dipalo le saense ya dikhomphiutha kwa Yunibesithing ya Illinois le kwa Yunibesithing ya Naga ya New Mexico, o ne a tlhokafala ka 2008 kwa Las Cruces, kwa New Mexico. Mmaagwe David e ne e le Jessie Jacobs Muller Offermann (1890–1954), mosadi wa ntlha wa ga Hermann. Mmaagwe Helen e ne e le Dorothea Kantorowicz Muller (1909–1986), mosadi wa bobedi wa ga Hermann, yo o neng a tla kwa U.S. ka 1940 e le motshabi wa Mojuta wa Jeremane.<ref>Elof Axel Carlson (2009). [https://web.archive.org/web/20181024163827/http://www.nasonline.org/publications/biographical-memoirs/memoir-pdfs/muller-hermann.pdf "Hermann Joseph Muller 1890–1967"] (PDF). ''National Academy of Sciences''.</ref> O ne a ratana le Milly Bennett ka nakwana.<ref>Kirschenbaum, Lisa A. (2015). [https://books.google.com/books?id=TqYHCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA187 ''International Communism and the Spanish Civil War''.] Cambridge University Press. p. 175. ISBN <bdi>978-1-107-10627-7</bdi>. Retrieved January 16, 2020.</ref> == Metswedi == oc67yoqzx5txz8yi04v6e954gbpvcp3 0 10661 55343 48955 2026-09-23T04:34:26Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55343 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ditso tsa bokgoba''' di paraletse dingwao, mafatshe le ditumelo go tswa goo lowe go tsena gompieno. Ka mo go tshwanang, batswasetlhabelo ba jone ba tswa kwa merafeng le ditumelo tse di farologaneng. Maemo a makgoba a setho, itsholelo le tsa semolao a farologane mo mfaratlhatlheng a a garologaneng a bokgoba, mo dinakong tse di farologaneng le mafelo.<ref>Klein, Herbert S.; III, Ben Vinson (2007). ''African Slavery in Latin America and the Caribbean'' (2nd ed.). New York [etc.]: Oxford University Press. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0195189421|978-0195189421]]</bdi>.</ref> Bokgoba bo fitlhetswe mo merafeng ya batsumi-bakgobokanyi, e le bokgoba jo ba bo jang boswa,<ref>Hunt, Peter (2015). "Slavery". ''The Cambridge World History: Volume 4: A World with States, Empires and Networks 1200 BCE–900 CE''. '''4''': 76–100. [[:en:Digital_object_identifier|doi]]:[https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/cambridge-world-history/slavery/DAC9CCCA6D9A5370C6492C6C4E5EA87D 10.1017/CBO9781139059251.006]. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139059251|9781139059251]]</bdi>. <q>Somewhat more convincing are statistical surveys of large numbers of societies that show that slavery is rare among hunter-gatherers, is sometimes present in incipient agricultural societies, and then becomes common among societies with more advanced agriculture. Up to this point slavery seems to increase with increasing social and economic complexity.</q></ref><ref>Smith, Eric Alden; Hill, Kim; Marlowe, Frank; Nolin, David; Wiessner, Polly; Gurven, Michael; Bowles, Samuel; Mulder, Monique Borgerhoff; Hertz, Tom; Bell, Adrian (February 2010). "[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2999363/ Wealth Transmission and Inequality Among Hunter-Gatherers]". ''Current Anthropology''. '''51''' (1): 19–34. doi:1[https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/648530 0.1086/648530]. [[:en:ISSN|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:0011-3204 0011-3204]. [[:en:PubMed_Central#PMCID|PMC]] [https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2999363/ 2999363]. [[:en:PubMed#PubMed_identifier|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21151711/ 21151711]. <q>Summary characteristics of hunter-gatherer societies in the Standard Cross-Cultural Sample (SCSS). [...] Social stratification [: ...] Hereditary slavery 24% [...].</q></ref> mme seemo sa temothuo se se oketsegang go ya ka setho le itsholelo se oketsa bokgoba jwa dithoto.<ref name=":0">Hunt, Peter (2015). "Slavery". ''The Cambridge World History: Volume 4: A World with States, Empires and Networks 1200 BCE–900 CE''. '''4''': 76–100. [[:en:Digital_object_identifier|doi:]][https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/cambridge-world-history/slavery/DAC9CCCA6D9A5370C6492C6C4E5EA87D 10.1017/CBO9781139059251.006.] [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781139059251|9781139059251]]</bdi>. <q>Slavery was a widespread institution in the ancient world (1200 BCE – 900 CE). Slaves could be found in simpler societies, but more important and better known was the existence of slavery in most advanced states. Indeed, it is hard to find any ancient civilizations in which some slavery did not exist. Slave use was sometimes extensive.</q></ref> Bokgoba bo ne jwa tlhomiwa ka nako e tlhabololo ya ntha e neng e simolola (jaaka Sumer kwa Mesopotamia<ref>Tetlow, Elisabeth Meier (2004). "Sumer". [https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=ONkJ_Rj1SS8C&redir_esc=y ''Women, Crime and Punishment in Ancient Law and Society: Volume 1: The Ancient Near East''.] Women, Crime, and Punishment in Ancient Law and Society. Vol. 1. New York: A&C Black. p. 7. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780826416285|9780826416285]]</bdi>. Retrieved 23 June 2025. <q>In Sumer, as in most ancient societies, the institution of slavery existed as an integral part of the social and economic structure. Sumer was not, however, a slavery based economy.</q></ref>, e e tswang kwa bogologolong jwa ngwaga ya 3500 pele ga ga Keresete.) Bokgoba bo a tlhagelela mo dikwalong tsa molao tsa kwa Babylon (pele ga ngwaga ya 1750), tse di bo supang e le tiragalo e e tlhomamisitsweng.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20110514033802/http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/MESO/CODE.HTM Mesopotamia: The Code of Hammurabi]". Archived from [https://public.wsu.edu/~dee/MESO/CODE.HTM the original] on 14 May 2011. <q>e.g. Prologue, "the shepherd of the oppressed and of the slaves" Code of Laws No. 307, "If any one buy from the son or the slave of another man".</q></ref> Bokgoba bo ne jwa anama mo lefatsheng le legologolo kwa Europe, Asia, botlhaba legare, le [[Aferika|Aforika]],<ref name=":1">Stilwell, Sean (2013), "Slavery in African History", ''Slavery and Slaving in African History'', Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 38, [[:en:Digital_object_identifier|doi:]][https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/slavery-and-slaving-in-african-history/slavery-in-african-history/13784B27AE241E7705D4974746AF4A51 10.1017/cbo9781139034999.003], [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-139-03499-9|978-1-139-03499-9]]</bdi>, <q>For most Africans between 10000 BCE to 500 CE, the use of slaves was not an optimal political or economic strategy. But in some places, Africans came to see the value of slavery. In the large parts of the continent where Africans lived in relatively decentralized and small-scale communities, some big men used slavery to grab power to get around broader governing ideas about reciprocity and kinship, but were still bound by those ideas to some degree. In other parts of the continent early political centralization and commercialization led to expanded use use of slaves as soldiers, officials, and workers.</q></ref><ref name=":2">Perbi, Akosua Adoma (2004). ''A History of Indigenous Slavery in Ghana : from the 15th to the 19th century''. Legon, Accra, Ghana: Sub-Saharan Publishers. p. 15. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9789988550325|9789988550325]]</bdi>. <q>It is to the Neolithic period of Ghana's history that one must look for the earliest evidence of slavery. Technological advancement and dependence on agriculture created a need for labor. The available evidence indicates that around the 1st century AD farming was done by individual households consisting of blood relations, pawns, and slaves. The earliest evidence of slavery is, therefore, likely to be found in the field of agriculture." and "The retention of captives taken in battle was a recognized practice among every people before the beginning of written history. The ancient records of the Assyrians, Egyptians, Phoenicians, Hebrews, Persians, Indians and Chinese are all full of references to slaves and types of labor for which they were usually employed. With the Greeks and the Romans, the institution of slavery reached new heights.</q></ref><ref name=":0" /> le kwa [[USA|America]].<ref>Gallay, Alan (2016). "Indian Slavery". ''The Oxford Handbook of Slavery in the Americas''. Oxford University Press. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780198758815|9780198758815]]</bdi>. <q>Slavery existed among the indigenous peoples of the Americas before the European arrival. Its character varied from place to place. In societies that practiced human sacrifice, slaves were captured from enemies for ritualistic purposes. This occurred, for instance, among the Aztecs in Mexico and the Indians of the Pacific Northwest. More commonly, native peoples captured enemies to procure slave laborers for agricultural production and public works projects, particularly in Central and South America. Captivity, however, was not the only rationale for enslavement.</q></ref> Bokgoba bo ne jwa nna le kwelo tlase kwa Europe ka dingwaga tsa legare mme jwa tswelela bo ntse bo diragadiwa mo mafelong mangwe. Barekeresete le ma Muslim ba ne ba tshwara ba bo ba dia ba bangwe makgoba ka dingwaga tsa dintwa kwa Mediterranean le kwa Europe.<ref>Salzmann, Ariel (2013). "[https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1444/4/3/391 Migrants in Chains: On the Enslavement of Muslims in Renaissance and Enlightenment Europe]". ''Religions''. '''4''' (3): 391–411. [[:en:Digital_object_identifier|doi:]][https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1444/4/3/391 10.3390/rel4030391]. <q>Between the Renaissance and the French Revolution, hundreds of thousands of Muslim men and women from the southern and eastern shores of the Mediterranean were forcibly transported to Western Europe.</q></ref>Bokgoba jwa Islam bo ne bo akaretsa Asia kwa bophirima le legare,bokone le botlhaba jwa Aforika, India le Europe go tswa ka dingwaga tse di makgolo a supa go tsena a le masome mabedi. Molao wa Islam o ne o letlelela bokgoba jwa batho ba eseng ba tumelo ya Muslim, makgoba a ne a rekisiwa go tswa kwa mafelong a eseng a Muslim: go tswa bokone ka kgwebo ya makgoba ya Balkan le ya Crimean; go tswa botlhaba ka kgwebo ya bokgoba ya Bukhara; go tswa bophirima ka kgwebo ya makgoba ya Andalusian; le go tswa borwa ka [[kgwebo ya makgoba ya go kgabaganya Sahara]], [[Kgwebo ya makgoba go kgabaganya lewatle le lehibidu]], le [[kgwebo ya makgoba go kgabaganya lewatle la Indian]]. Ka tshimologo ya dingwaga tse di makgolo a le lesome le borataro, barekisi ba kwa Europe, ba simolola ka ba ba tswang Portugal, ba ne ba simolola [[kgwebo ya makgoba ya Atlantic]]. Bagwebi ba le palo potlana ba ne ba tsenelela kwa teng, ba leka go tila malwetsi a bongola le borukutlhi. Ba ne ba reka ma Aforika ba magolegwa go tswa kwa magosing a bophirima jwa Aforika, ba ba isa kwa dikoloneng tsa Europe ka America. Bagwebi e ne e le metswedi ya dithoto tse di batlegang diakaretsa ditlhobolo, marumo, kopore, madi le matsela, go batla dithoto mo go ne ga baka dintwa le tse dingwe tse di neng di baka go dirwa makgba ga batho ba Aforika ka dipalo tse di kwa godimo.<ref>Thomas, Hugh (2006). ''The slave trade : the history of the Atlantic slave trade, 1440-1870'' (New ed.). London: Phoenix. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0753820568|978-0753820568]]</bdi>.</ref> Kwa India le lefatshe ka bophara, batho ba ne ba patelediwa go nna makgoba go re go nne le babereki. Bokgoba jwa kwa Atlantic bo ne jwa fokodiwa morago ga dipuso tsa Europe le America di fetisa molao o o iletsang go nna le seabe ga mafatshe a bone mo bokgobeng. Maiteko a go netefatsa kiletso ya bokgoba a ne a akaretsa [[Lekalana la sesole la Aforika Bophirima|lekalana la sesole la Aforika bophirima]] le la America la go disa kgwebo ya makgoba ya Aforika, go fedisiwa ga bokgoba kwa America, le go anama ga go laola Aforika ga mafatshe a Europe. Mo dinakong tsa gompieno, thekiso ya batho ke bothata bo bo teng. Bokgoba mo dingwageng tsa gompieno bo a tswelela ebile bo dira dipoelo di ka nna dibilione di le lekgolo le masome a matlhano a di dolara ngwaga le ngwaga.<ref name=":3">Hodal, Kate (31 May 2016). "[https://www.theguardian.com/news/2019/feb/25/modern-slavery-trafficking-persons-one-in-200 One in 200 people is a slave. Why?"]. ''[[:en:The_Guardian|The Guardian]]''.</ref> Batho kwa dikgaolong tsa dintwa tsa sesole ga ba a sireletsega, dikoloi tsa sešha di dira gore thekiso ya batho e nne motlhofo.<ref>"[https://www.walkfree.org/global-slavery-index/findings/global-findings/ 10 countries with the highest prevalence of modern slavery]". ''Global Slavery Index''. Retrieved 23 June 2025.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2019, go ne go na le batho ba ka nna didkadike di le masome a mane mo lefatsheng ka kakaretso ba ba neng ba kopana le bokgoba jwa mohuta mongwe, masome a mane le botlhano mo lekgolong la bone ele bana.<ref name=":3" /> Didikadike di le masome a mabedi le bone ba patelediwa go bereka, gantsi mo mohameng o o ikemetseng; didikadike di le lesome le botlhano ba mo manyalong a a pateleditsweng.<ref name=":3" /> Mefuta ya bokgoba e akaretsa, bokgoba jwa mo lwapeng, bokgoba jo bo patelediwang mo go direng dilo, go tshwara ditlhapi, moepo, kago le bokgoba jwa tlhakanelo dikobo.<ref name=":3" /> == Bokgoba jwa bogologolo le jwa sesha == Bosupi jwa bokgoba bo sale bo nna teng pele ga dipego tse di kwadilweng; tiragalo e e nnile mo dingwaong tse di farologaneng<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20070223090720/https://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24156 Historical survey: Slave-owning societies]". ''Encyclopædia Britannica''. Archived from [https://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24156 the original] on 23 February 2007.</ref><ref name=":2" /> ebile bo kgona go bonwa dingwaga di ka nna dikete tse di lesome le motso tse di fetileng ka ntlha ya diemo tse di dirilweng ke go tokafadiwa ga temothuo ka tlhabololo ya ntlha<ref>"[https://www.britannica.com/topic/slavery-sociology Slavery]". ''Encyclopædia Britannica''. 12 April 2024.</ref><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1" />. Go ya godimo ga itsholelo le go ntsifala ga batho ene e le dingwe diemo tse di neng di dira gore bokgoba jwa batho ba bantsi bo kgonagale.<ref>Compare: Ericson, David F. (2000). "[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=zuzKxZ9xXLoC&redir_esc=y Dew, Fitzhugh, and Proslavery Liberalism]".''The Debate Over Slavery: Antislavery and Proslavery Liberalism in Antebellum America''.New York: New York University Press. p. 109. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780814722121|9780814722121]]</bdi>. Retrieved 23 June 2025.</ref><ref>Compare: : [https://www.britannica.com/topic/slavery-sociology Slavery.]''Encyclopædia Britannica''. 12 April 2024</ref> Bokgoba bo diragetse mo ditlhabololong di akaretsa [[Egypt]] o mosha, [[China]] o mosha, bogosi jwa Akkadian, Assyria, Babylonia, Persia, Israel o mosha,<ref>John Byron, ''Slavery Metaphors in Early Judaism and Pauline Christianity: A Traditio-historical and Exegetical Examination'', Mohr Siebeck, 2003, [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/3161480791|3161480791]], p. 40</ref><ref>Roland De Vaux, John McHugh, ''Ancient Israel: Its Life and Institutions'', Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 1997, [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/080284278X|080284278X]], p. 80</ref><ref>J.M. Roberts, ''The New Penguin History of the World'', pp. 176–77, 223</ref>Greece o mosha, India o mosha, bogosi jwa Roma, magosi a Islam a ma Arabea, Nubia, Aksum, magosi a pele a borwa jwa Aforika, le ditlhabologo tsa Columbia.<ref>"[https://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24156 Historical survey > Slave-owning societies]". ''Encyclopædia Britannica.''</ref> Bokgoba jo bosha bo akaretsa go tlhakana ga bokgoba jwa sekoloto, go otlhaelwa borukutlhi, magolegwa a ntwa, go latlhiwa ga bana, le bana ba ba tsholetsweng mo bokgobeng.<ref>"Demography, Geography and the Sources of Roman Slaves," by W.V. Harris: ''The Journal of Roman Studies'', 1999.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Mummy soles with the images of two foreign captives (332 BCE–395) - Museo Egizio - (cropped).jpg|left|thumb|Mabitla a kwa Egypt a bogologoloa supa magolegwa a batswakwa a le mabedi, wa mo Syria mo molemeng le wa Nubia mo mojeng, gareng ga dingwaga tsa 332 pel ga ga Kereset le 395.]] == Aforika == [[Setshwantsho:African slave trade.png|thumb|Mmepe wa Aforika wa ditsela, mafatshe, le magosi a kgwebo ya makgoba, ka dingwaga tse di makgolo a le lesome le boraro]] Moitseanape wa ditso Fernand Braudel wa kwa France, fa a kwala ka ngwaga wa 1984, o ne a supa gore bokgoba bo sale bo nna teng mo Aforika ebile e le bontlha jwa botshelo jwa malatsi otlhe jwa mo gae mo dingwageng di le makgolo a le lesome le botlhano go tsna di le makgolo a le lesome le boferabobedi. "Bokgoba bo tsile ka ditsela tse di farologaneng mo ditšhabeng tse di farologaneng: go ne go na le makgoba a ntlo ya tshekelo, makgoba a a mo sesoleng, makgoba a mo gae le a mo matlong, makgoba a a berekang kwa masimong, kwa madirelong, jaaka ba ba isang dithoto le ba ba fa gare, le ba e leng bagwebi.<ref>[[:en:Fernand_Braudel|Braudel, Fernand]] (26 September 1984). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=n8yMAAAAIAAJ&redir_esc=y Civilization and Capitalism, 15th-18th Century: The perspective of the world]''. Vol. 3. [[:en:Harper_(publisher)#Harper_and_Row|Harper & Row]]. p. 435. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0060153175|978-0060153175]]</bdi>.</ref> Ka dingwaga di le makgolo a le lesome le borataro, Europe e ne ya simolola go kgapela kwa ntle lefatshe la ma Arabea mo kgwebong, ba rekisetsa makgoba a a tswang kwa Aforika batho ba America.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20100523120301/http://www.nps.gov/ethnography/aah/aaheritage/histContextsD.htm NPS Ethnography: African American Heritage & Ethnography]". ''www.nps.gov''. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20100523120301/http://www.nps.gov/ethnography/aah/aaheritage/histContextsD.htm the original] on 23 May 2010. Retrieved 23 June 2025.</ref> Batho ba lotso lwa Dutch, ba ne ba reka makgoba go tswa kwa Asia go tsena mo koloneng ya bone kwa Kapa ya Good Hope (kwa jaanong e leng Cape Town) ka dingwaga di le makgolo a le lesome le bosupa.<ref>"[https://sahistory.org.za/article/early-cape-slave-trade The Early Cape Slave Trade | South African History Online]". ''www.sahistory.org.za''. Retrieved 23 June 2025.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 1807, lefatshe la Britain (le le neng le setse le na le lotshitshi lo lonnye, lo lo neng lo dirisediwa go fudutshiwa ga makgoba a pele, kwa Freetown, [[Sierra Leone]]) o ne a dira kgwebo ya makgoba mo bogosing jwa gagwe gore bo seka jwa nna ka fa molaong ka molao wa 1807 wa kgwebo ya makgoba, ba bereka go kganela atolosetsa kwa mafelong a mangwe,<ref>Grindal, Peter (2016). ''Opposing the Slavers. The Royal Navy's Campaign against the Atlantic Slave Trade'' (Kindle ed.). London: I.B.Tauris & Co. Ltd. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-85773-938-4|978-0-85773-938-4]]</bdi>.</ref> jaaka kwa [[USA|United States]] ka ngwaga wa 1808.<ref>"[https://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=llsl&fileName=002/llsl002.db&recNum=0463 A Century of Lawmaking for a New Nation: U.S. Congressional Documents and Debates, 1774–1875 Statutes at Large, 9th Congress, 2nd Session]", ''The Library of Congress'', retrieved 23 June 2025.</ref> Kwa Senegambia, ka dingwaga tsa 1300 go tsena ka 1900, bongwe mo borarong jwa morafe bo ne bo dirilwe makgoba. Kwa dikgaolong tsa Islam tsa kwa bophirima jwa Sudan, le kwa Ghana (go tswa ka 750 go tsena ka 1076), Mali (ka 1235 go tsena ka 1645), Segou (go tswa 1712 go tsena ka 1861) le Songhai (go tswa ka 1275 go tsena ka 1591, boraro jwa batho e ne e le makgoba. Bokgoba kwa [[Ethiopia]] bo tsweletse go fitlhelela ka ngwaga wa 1942. Lekgotla le le kgatlhanong le bokgoba le ne la akanyetsa fa makgoba a ne a le didikadike tse pedi ka dingwaga tsa 1930 di simologa, mo bathong ba le didikadike diferabobedi go tsena ka di le lesome le borataro.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20110515192003/http://www.yale.edu/glc/events/cbss/Miers.pdf Twentieth Century Solutions of the Abolition of Slavery]" (PDF). Archived from [https://www.yale.edu/glc/events/cbss/Miers.pdf the original] (PDF) on 15 May 2011. Retrieved 23 June 2025.</ref> Bo ne jwa fedisiwa ka taolo ya ga Haile Selassie ka Phatwe a le masome a mabedi le borataro ka ngwaga wa 1942.<ref>Goitom, Hanibal (14 February 2012). "[https://blogs.loc.gov/law/2012/02/abolition-of-slavery-in-ethiopia/ Abolition of Slavery in Ethiopia]". ''On Custodia Legis: Law Librarians of Congress''. Library of Congress. Retrieved 23 June 2025.</ref> Fa molao wa Britain o simololwa kwa Sokoto Caliphate le mafelo a a mabapi kwa bokone jwa [[Nigeria]] ka dingwaga di le makgolo a masome a mabedi, batho ba le didikadike tse pedi le tse pedi le botlhano ba ne ba dirilwe makgoba.<ref>[https://muse.jhu.edu/login?uri=/journals/journal_of_world_history/v007/7.1blue02.html Slow Death for Slavery: The Course of Abolition in Northern Nigeria, 1897–1936 (review)], Project MUSE – Journal of World History</ref> Bokgoba kwa bokone jwa Nigeria bo ne jwa ntshiwa mo molaong ka ngwaga wa 1936.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/specials/1624_story_of_africa/page56.shtml The end of slavery], BBC World Service | The Story of Africa</ref> Mmega dikgang wa kwa Congo, Elikia M'bokolo fa a kwala ka bogolo jwa bokgoba mo Aforika o ne a kwala are: " Lefatshe la Aforika le ne le tseetswe didirisiwa tsa lone ka ditsela tsotlhe. Mo Sahara, go feta ka lewatle le lehibidu, go tswa kwa matshitshing a Indian le Atlantic. Dingwaga di le makdolo a le masome tsa bokgoba go atswa mafatshe a Muslim. O tswelela are: "didikadike di le nne tsa makgoba ba ne ba isiwa kwa lewatleng le lehibigu, ba bangwe e bone ba le didikadike tse nne ka matshitshi a Swahili kwa nokeng ya Indian, gongwe ba ka nna didikadike di ferabongwe kwa tseleng ya borwa jwa Aforika, ba le didkadike di le lesome le motso go tsena ka masome a mabedi (go tswa mo mokwading) ba kgabaganya lewatle la Atlantic.<ref>"[https://mondediplo.com/1998/04/02africa The impact of the slave trade on Africa]". Mondediplo.com. 22 March 1998. Retrieved 23 June 2025.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Slaves Zadib Yemen 13th century BNF Paris.jpg|left|thumb|Marekisetso a dingwaga di le makgolo a le lesome le boraro kwa Yemen]] === Borwa jwa Aforika === [[Setshwantsho:A long line of men are marching with their hands thrust thro Wellcome V0041263.jpg|thumb|Kolotsana ya kgwebo ya makgoba ya ma Arabea, e isa makgoba a Aforika go kgabaganya sekaka sa Sahara ]] Zanzibar ekile ya bo e le maemelo a dikepe a matona mo thekisong ya makgoba, ka nako ya kgwebo ya makgoba ya lewatle la Indian le ka fa tlase ga puso ya ma Arabea a Omani ka dingwaga di le makgolo a le lesome le boferabongwe, ka makgoba a le dikete di le masome a matlhano a feta ka toropo eo ngwaga le ngwaga.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20071206102932/http://www7.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/data/2001/10/01/html/ft_20011001.6.html Swahili Coast]". .nationalgeographic.com. 17 October 2002. Archived from [http://www7.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/data/2001/10/01/html/ft_20011001.6.html the original] on 6 December 2007. Retrieved 23 June 2025.</ref> Pele ga dingwaga tse di makgolo a le lesome le borataro, bontsi jwa makgoba a a neng a tswa kwa Aforika a ne a tswa kwa botlhaba jwa Aforika go ya Arabian Peninsula. Zanzibar o ne a nna maemelo a dikepe a a eteletseng pele mo kgwebong e.<ref>Vernet, Thomas (2009). ''Slave trade and slavery on the Swahili Coast (1500-1700)''. archieves.ouvertes.fr. pp. 37–76.</ref> Bagwebi ba ma Arabea ba ne ba farologana le ba Europe ka ba ne ba tle ba dire ditlhaselo ka bo bone, nako tse dingwe ba tsenelela kgakala mo Aforika. Ba ne ba farologana gape ka gore marekisets a bone a ne a itlhophela makgoba a basadi go na le a banna.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20210427121842/https://blogs.uw.edu/ses9/hstcmp-358-spring-2015/body-for-trade/traditional-gender-roles-and-slavery/ Traditional Gender Roles and Slavery | Colonialism, Slavery, and Race"]. Archived from [https://blogs.uw.edu/ses9/hstcmp-358-spring-2015/body-for-trade/traditional-gender-roles-and-slavery/ the original] on 27 April 2021. Retrieved 23 June 2025.</ref> Go oketsega ga baba ba kwa Europe mo lotshitshing lo lo kwa botlhaba go ne ga dira gore bagwebi ba ma Arabea ba itebaganye le ditsela tsa di caravan go kgabaganya sekaka sa Sahara le Sahel go ya bokone jwa Aforika. Motlhatlhami wa kwa Germany Gustav Naxchtigal o ne a bega fa a bone dikolotsana tsa di caravan tsa makgoba di tswa kwa Kukawa kwa Bornu di ya kwa Tripoli le Egypt ka ngwaga wa 1870. Kgwebo ya makgoba e ne e emetse motswedi wa thekiso wa kgaolo ya Bornu ka dingwaga tsa 1898. Dikgaolo tse di kwa botlhaba jwa Central African Republic ga di ise ke di tlhole di siamelwa morago ga ditlamorago tsa ditlhaselo tsa dingwaga tsa makgolo a le lesome le boferabongwe go tswa Sudan, mme ebile ba santse ba na le palo e potlana ya batho ya motho a le mongwe mo bophareng jwa khilomithara.<ref>"[https://www.britannica.com/place/Central-African-Republic Central African Republic: Early history]". ''Britannica.com''. Retrieved 23 June 2025.</ref> Ka dingwaga tsa 1870, maiteko a mafatshe a Europe kgatlhanong le kgwebo ya makgoba a ne a baka seemo se se sa iketlang sa itsholelo kwa bokone jwa Sudan, se oketsa koketsego ya masole a ntwa ya Mahdist. Phenyo ya Madhi e ne ya baka lefatshe la Islam, le le neng la simolodisa bokgoba gape.<ref>"[https://www.american.edu/ted/ice/sudan.htm Civil War in the Sudan: Resources or Religion?]". American.edu. Retrieved 23 June 2025</ref><ref>Moore-Harell, Alice (1998). "Slave Trade in the Sudan in the Nineteenth Century and Its Suppression in the Years 1877–80". ''Middle Eastern Studies''. '''34''' (2): 113–28 [[:en:Digital_object_identifier|doi:]][https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00263209808701225 10.1080/00263209808701225]. [[:en:JSTOR#Content|JSTOR]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/4283940 4283940].</ref> Seabe sa Europe mo kgwebong ya makgoba ya kwa botlhaba jwa Aforika se simolotse fa lefatse la Portugal le simolola Estado da India ka dingwaga tsa makgolo a le lesome le borataro di simolola. Go tswa ka nako eo go fitlhelela ka dingwaga tsa 1830, batho ba ka nna makgolo mabedi ba ba neng ba dirilwe makgoba ba ne ba ntshiwa kwa Mozambique wa ma Potokisi ngwaga le ngwaga mme dipalo tse di tshwanang di akanyeditswe tsa batho ba e neng e le makgoba ba tswa kwa Asia go ya Philippines ka kopano ya Iberia.<ref>Allen, R. B. (2017). "[https://www.scielo.br/j/tem/a/yt3jzJWHggDttGr9qkGMJqL/?format=pdf&lang=en Ending the history of silence: reconstructing European slave trading in the Indian Ocean]" (PDF). ''Tempo''. '''23''' (2): 294–313. [[:en:Digital_object_identifier|doi:]][https://www.scielo.br/j/tem/a/yt3jzJWHggDttGr9qkGMJqL/?lang=en 10.1590/tem-1980-542x2017v230206]. Retrieved 23 June 2025.</ref><ref>Copied content from [[:en:Indian_Ocean|Indian Ocean]]; see that page's history for attribution.</ref> Go kgabaganya ga batho ba Atlantic go ya America, mo go neng ga itshokelwa ke makgoba ba beilwe ka ditselana mo mabeelong a dikepe, e ne e le yone ntlha e le nngwe ya kgwebo ya boraro e e itsegeng, e dirwa ke ma Potokisi, ma America, ma Dutch le ba Danish-Nowergian,<ref>"[https://www.norgeshistorie.no/enevelde/1214-nordmennene-har-aldri-vaert-alene-i-verden.html Nordmennene har aldri vært alene i verden (in Norwegian)"]. .norgeshistorie.no (published by the University of Oslo). 17 October 2002. Retrieved 23 June 2025.</ref> ba kwa France, Britain le ba bangwe. Dikepe tse di neng di gorosa makgoba kwa maemelong a Carribean di ne di tsaya sukiri, matsela, kofi di ya kwa Liverpool, Nantes, Lisbon kgotsa Amsterdam. Dikepe tse di neng di tswa kwa maemelong a Europe go ya bophirma jwa Aforika di ne di tsaya matsela, mangwe a tswa India, dintshwana tsa kopore, dijana le dipitsa, tsa tshipi tse di nang le tlhwatlhwa go gaisa gouta, dihutshe, marumo, le ditlhoblo le bojalwa. Diboko tsa bongola di ne di emisitswe kwa metsing a a tsididi a Atlantic, mme gongwe le gongwe kwa go neng go folosiwa, dipoelo di ne di diriwa. Kgwebo ya makgoba ya Atlantic e ne ya ya kwa gdimo ka dingwaga di e makgolo a le lesome le boferabobedi di ya fifing, kwa palo e ntsi ya batho ba neng ba tshwarwa ba dirwa makgoba mo ditirong tsa go tlhasela go tsena ka bophirima jwa Aforika. Ditlhaselo tse di ne di dirwa ke dikgaolo tsa Aforika di tshwana le: Bono, Bogosi jwa Oyo (Yoruba), Bogosi jwa Kong, Bogosi jwa Benin, Imamate of Futa Jallon, Imamate of Futa Toro, Bogosi jwa Koya, bogosi jwa Khasso, Bogosi jwa Kaabu, bokopano jwa Fante, bokopano jwa batho ba Ashanti, bokopano jwa Aro le bogosi jwa Dahomey.<ref>Peterson, Derek R.; Gavua, Kodzo; Rassool, Ciraj (2 March 2015). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=Om12BgAAQBAJ&pg=PA122&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false The Politics of Heritage in Africa]''. Cambridge University Press. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-107-09485-7|978-1-107-09485-7]]</bdi>.</ref><ref>"[https://www.metmuseum.org/essays/the-transatlantic-slave-trade The Transatlantic Slave Trade]". Metmuseum.org. Retrieved 23 June 2025.</ref> Batho ba Europe go ne go sa tlwaelesega gore ba tsene kwa teng ga Aforika, ka ntlha ya go tshaba malwetsi le go nna dingalo ga batho ba Aforika. Makgba a ne a tsisiwa kwa maemelong a dikepe kwa ba neng ba rekiwa ka dithoto. Batho ba ba neng ba tshwarwa ba ne ba isiwa ke bagwebi ba Europe kwa dikoloneng tse disha tsa lefatshe le lesha. Go akanyediwa gore mo dingwageng tse di makgolo, didikadike di le lesome le bobedi go stena ka masome a mabedi a makgoba a ne a tswa kwa Aforika ka bagwebi ba kwa Europe, ba lesome le botlhano mo lekgolong ba bone ba tlhokafetseng mo mosepeleng o o makgwakgwa. Bontsi bo ne bo isiwa kwa America, mme bangwe ba ne ba ya gape kwa Europe le borwa jwa Aforika. [[Setshwantsho:Slaves ruvuma.jpg|thumb|Bagwebi ba makgoba ba ma Arabea le makgoba a bone mo nokeng ya Ruvuma (kwa e leng Tanzania le Mozambique gompieno) setshwantsho ka David Livingstone]] Fa a bua ka kgwebo ya makgoba kwa botlhaba jwa Aforika mo dikwalong tsa gagwe, David Livingstone o ne are: Go tlhofofatsa bosula jwa bone, ga go kgonagale.<ref>''[[iarchive:lastjournalsdav03livigoog|The Last Journals of David Livingstone in Central Africa, from 1865 to His Death: Continued by a Narrative of His Last Moments and Sufferings, Obtained from His Faithful Servants, Chuma and Susi]]''. Cambridge University Press. 1875. p. [[iarchive:lastjournalsdav03livigoog/page/352/mode/1up|352]]. Retrieved 23 jUNE 2025. <q>To overdraw its evils is a simple impossibility.</q></ref> Fa a tsamaya mo mawatleng a magolo a Aforika ka ngwaga wa 1866, David Livingstone o ne a tlhalosa tsela ya makgoba jaana: Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e le lesome le boferabongwe ngwaga wa 1866 - re ne ra feta mosadi a bofeletswe ka molala mo setlhareng ebile a tlhokafetse, batho ba lefatshe leo ba ne ba tlhalosa gore o ne a retelelwa ke go tsamaya le makgoba a mangwe, mme mong wa gagwe o ne a tsaya thwetso ya gore ga a tshwanela go nna thoto ya ga ope fa a fola. Ka Seetebosigo a le masome a mabedi le borataro - re fitile mosadi wa lekgoba a thuntshitswe kgotsa a tlhabiwe a le fafatshe mo tseleng: setlhopha sa banna se ne se eme dikgato di ka nna lekgolo mo tseleng e nngwe, se sengwe mo go e nngwe, ba lebeletse; ba ne ba re mo Arabea o o fetileng mo mosong o dirie jalo ka tenego, ka latlhegelwa ke tlhwatlhwa e a neng a mo e ntsheditse, ka o ne a sa tlhole a kgona go tsamaya. Ka Seetebosigo a le masome a mabedi le bosupa - gompieno, re kopane le monna a tlhokafetse ka ntlha ya tlala, ka o ne a le mosesane thata. Mongwe wa banna ba rona o ne a tsamaya mme a bona makgoba a le mantsi ba tshotse dithupa, ba latlhilwe ke beng ba bone ka ba ne ba batla dijo; ba ne ba le bokoa thata go ka bua kgotsa go bolela gore ba tswa kae; bangwe ba ne ba le ba botlana thata.<ref>''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=boicxwpPeAkC&q=We+passed+a+slave+woman+shot+or+stabbed+through+the+body+and+lying+on+the+path&pg=PA62&redir_esc=y#v=snippet&q=We%20passed%20a%20slave%20woman%20shot%20or%20stabbed%20through%20the%20body%20and%20lying%20on%20the%20path&f=false The Last Journals of David Livingstone in Central Africa, from 1865 to His Death: Continued by a Narrative of His Last Moments and Sufferings, Obtained From His Faithful Servants, Chuma and Susi]''. Cambridge University Press. 15 September 2011. pp. 56, 62. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781108032612|9781108032612]]</bdi>. Retrieved 23 June 2025.</ref> Bolwetsi bo bo makatsang thata bo ke boneng mo lefatsheng le go lebega e le go phatloga pelo, bo tlhasela banna ba ba gololesegileng ba ba tshwerweng ba dirwa makgoba...ba le masome a mabedi le bongwe ba ne ba sa golegiwa. Le fa go ntse jalo botlhe ba ne ba taboga ka nako e le nngwe; ba le borobabobedi ba sa ntse ba golegilwe ka dikeetane, ba ne ba tlhokafaa mo malatsing a le mararo morago ga go kgabaganya. Ba ne ba tlhalosa botlhoko jwa bone bo le mo pelong, ba baya seatla mo lefelong leo, le ntswa bontsi bo akanya gore pelo e kwa godimo ga lerapo la lebele.<ref>''[[iarchive:lastjournalsdav03livigoog|The Last Journals of David Livingstone in Central Africa, from 1865 to His Death: Continued by a Narrative of His Last Moments and Sufferings, Obtained From His Faithful Servants, Chuma and Susi]]''. Cambridge University Press. 1875. p. [[iarchive:lastjournalsdav03livigoog/page/352/mode/1up|352]]. Retrieved 23 June 2025. <q>the strangest disease i have sen in this country is brokenheartedness.</q></ref> ==== Seabe sa Aforika mo kgwebong ya makgoba ==== [[Setshwantsho:Gezo King of Dahomey.jpg|thumb|Gezo, kgosi wa Dahomey]] Mafatshe a Aforika a ne a na le seabe se segolo mo kgwebong ya makgoba, ebile bokgoba bo ne bo tlwaelesegile mo mafatsheng a go kgabaganya Aforika, le pele ga ma Arabea, Berber le ma Europe ba tsaya karolo. Go ne go na le mefuta e le meraro: ba ba neng ba dirilwe makgoba ka go gapiwa, mo boemong jwa dikoloto tse di sa duelwang, kgotsa ba batsadi ba bone ba neng ba ba neetse dikgosi tsa motse. Magosi a ne a neela batho ba Arab, Berber le Ottoman kgotsa Europe makgoba gore ba ba neele bojalwa, dinatetsha dijo, matsela kgotsa dithoto tse dingwe.<ref>Tunde Obadina. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20120502172215/http://www.afbis.com/analysis/slave.htm Slave trade: a root of contemporary African Crisis]". Africa Business Information Services. Archived from [http://www.afbis.com/ the original] on 2 May 2012. Retrieved 23 June 2025.</ref> Go rekisa makgoba kgotsa magolegwa go ne go tlwaelesegile mo ma Aforikeng, Turk, Berber le ma Arabea a nako eo. Le fa go ntse jalo, fa kgwebo ya bokgoba ya kwa Atlantic e oketsega, mafaratlhatlha a mo gae a a neng a dira botlhanka le one a ne a oketsega. Kgwebo ya makgoba ya Europe, e ne e le yone phetogo e e botlhokwa mo sethong, itsholello, ngwao, tumelo le polotiki ya go gweba ka makgoba. Go ne ga nyenyafatsa itsholelo le go itshetlela ga sepolotiki ka baebereki ba tlhwatlhwa ba mo metseng ba ne ba isiwa go tlola mawatle fa ditlhaselo le dintwa tsa mogae di ne di tlwaelesega. Melato e pele e neng e otlhaiwa ka ditsela tse dingwe, e ne jaanong e otlhaiwa ka bokgoba.<ref>Graeber, David. 2012. Debt: The First 5,000 Years. Brooklyn, NY: Melville House.</ref> Bokgoba bo ne bo ntse bo le teng kwa bogosing jwa Kongo pele ga go goroga ga ma Potokisi. Ka bo ne bo tlwaelesegile mo bogosing jwa gagwe, Afonso wa ntlha wa Kongo o ne a dumela go kgwebo ya makgoba e tshwanetse go tsamaisiwa ka molao wa Kongso. Fa a ne a belaela ma Potokisi a amagela makgoba go se ka fa molaong go ba rekisia, o ne a kwalela kgosi wa Portugal Kgosi Joao wa boraro ka ngwaga wa 1526 lokwalo lo lo neng lo mo gwetlha go emisa seo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160117073626/http://run.edu.ng/media/11850929233241.pdf "African Political Ethics and the Slave Trade"] (PDF). Archived from [http://run.edu.ng/media/11850929233241.pdf the original] (PDF) on 17 January 2016. Retrieved 23 June 2025.</ref> Dikgosi tsa kwa Dahomey di ne di rekisa magolegwa a bone a ntwa mo bokgobeng jwa kwa Atlantic, ba ba ka bong ba ne ba bolawa mo moketeng o o neng o bidiwa Annual Customs. === Ma Aforika mo dikepeng === Go falola loeto, e ne e le yone kgwetlho e tona. Go nna gaufi thata go ne go raya gore mongwe le mongwe o ne a tsenwa ke bolwetsi bo bo neng bo anama, go akaretsa ba ba berekang mo sekepeng. Loso lo ne lo tlwaelesegile mo dikepe di neng di bidiwa mabitla a a kokobetseng.<ref name=":4">Smallwood, Stephanie E. ''Saltwater Slavery: A Middle Passage from Africa to American Diaspora''. 1st Harvard University Press pbk. ed. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2008.</ref> Se se neng se gakgamatsa ma Aforika thata ke ka fa loso lo neng lo tshwarwa ka teng mo dikepeng. Smallwood o supa gore ngwao ya loso ya Aforika e masisi ebile ke tiro ya morafe. Mo dikepeng, mebele e ne e latlhelwa mo lewatleng. Ka lewatle le ne le emeset mewa e e maswe, mebele e e mo lewatleng e ne e emela sebodu, sekepe se emela mofuta wa dihele. Ma Aforika a a neng a falola mosepele a ne tla bo a falotse malwetsi a a tseneletseng le tlala, ga mmogo le go tshwenyega thata mo maikutlong ka go nna mo lewatleng le bulegile le loso lwa ditsala tsa bone.<ref name=":4" /> === Bokone jwa Aforika === [[Setshwantsho:Barconegrero.jpg|thumb|Sesupo sa sekepe sa makgoba se se neng se dirisiwa go isa makgoba kwa Europe le America]] Kwa Algiers ka nako ya bogosi jwa Regency of Algiers kwa bokone jwa Aforika ka dingwaga di lemakgolo a le lesome le boferabongwe, bakeresete le batho ba Europe ba le sedikadike le botlhano ba ne ba tshwarwa ba ba ba patelediwa go nna makgoba.<ref>Milton, Giles (8 June 2005). ''[[iarchive:whitegoldextraor00milt|White Gold: The Extraordinary Story of Thomas Pellow and Islam's One Million White Slaves]]'' (1st American ed.). Farrar, Straus and Giroux. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0374289355|978-0374289355]]</bdi>.</ref> Se se ne sa dira gore go thuntshiwe Algiers ka dibomo ka ngwaga wa 1816 ke ba Britain le ma Dutch,ba pateletsa batho ba Algiers go golola makgoba.<ref>Baepler, B. "White Slaves, African Masters 1st Edition." White Slaves, African Masters 1st Edition by Baepler. University of Chicago Press, n.d. Web. 7 January 2013. p. 5</ref> === Mo dinakong tsa sešha === [[Setshwantsho:Debarquement et maltraitement de prisonniers a alger.JPG|thumb|Makgoba a BaKeresete kwa Algiers, 1706]] Go rekisiwa ga bana go begilwe gantsi mo Nigeria o mošha le Benin. Mo dikgaolong tsa Ghana, lolwapa lo ne lo ka otlhaelwa olato ka go neela ngwana wa mosetsana o a ising a tlhakanele dikobo go nna lekgoba la tlhakanelo dikobo mo lolwapeng lo ba le tloletseng molato. Fa go ntse jaana, mosadi o ga a neelwe maemo a go nna mosadi. Mo dikgaolong tsa Ghana, [[Togo]] le [[Benin]], bokgoba jwa ntlo ya kobamelo bo tsweletse, le ntswa bo se ka fa molaong kwa Ghana fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 1998. Mo mokgweng o wa botlhanka, o o bidiwang trokosi kwa Ghana kgotsa voodoosi kwa Togo le Benin, makgarejwana a neelwa badimo ba ngwao go nna makgoba, ba dirisiwe mo tlhakanelong dikobo ke baruti ga mmogo le go ba berekela. Tsebe mo pampiring ya dikgang ya Middle East Quarterly ya ngwaga wa 1999 e ne ya bega gore bokgoba bo fitlhelwa thata kwa [[Sudan]].<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20080705155607/http://www.meforum.org/article/449 My Career Redeeming Slaves]". MEQ. December 1999. Retrieved 23 June 2025.</ref> Dipalo kakanyetso tsa batho ba ba tshwerweng ka ntwa ya bobedi ya kwa Sudan di tswa kwa dikete di le lesome le bone go tsena ka dikete di le makgolo a mabedi.<ref>"[https://2001-2009.state.gov/p/af/rls/rpt/2002/10445.htm Slavery, Abduction and Forced Servitude in Sudan]". U.S. Department of State. 22 May 2002. Retrieved 23 June 2025</ref> Ka nako ya ntwa ya kwa Sudan ya bobedi, batho ba ne ba tsenngwa mo bokgobeng go tswa ka dikete di le lesome le bone go tsena ka dikete di le makgolo a mabedi.<ref>"[https://2001-2009.state.gov/p/af/rls/rpt/2002/10445.htm Slavery, Abduction and Forced Servitude in Sudan]". US Department of State. 22 May 2002. Retrieved 23 June 2025.</ref> Go tshwarwa ga basadi le bana ba morafe wa Dinka go ne go tlwaelesegile. Kwa [[Mauritania]] go belaelwa banna, basadi le bana ba ka nna dikete tse di makgolo marataro, kgotsa masome a mabedi bo lekgolong ele makgoba gompieno, bontsi jwa bone ba dirisiwa ditiro tse di bokete.<ref>"[https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/specials/1458_abolition/page4.shtml The Abolition season on BBC World Service]". BBC. Retrieved 23 June 2025.</ref> Bokgoba kwa Mauritania bo ne jwa dirwa molato ka Phatwe ngwaga wa 2007.<ref>"[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/6938032.stm Mauritanian MPs pass slavery law]". ''BBC News''. 9 August 2007. Retrieved 23 June 2025.</ref> Kwa ntwa ya Darfur e e simologileng ka ngwaga wa 2003, batho ba le bantsi ba ne ba tsewa ka dikgoka ke Janjaweed ba bo ba rekisiwa mo bokgobeng go dira ditiro tsa temothuo, batlhanka ba mo lwapeng le makgoba a tlhakanelo dikobo.<ref>Pflanz, Mike (16 December 2008). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/sudan/3795607/Darfur-civilians-seized-as-slaves-by-Sudan-military.html "Darfur civilians 'seized as slaves by Sudan military']". [https://ghostarchive.org/archive/DG73E Archived] from the original on 11 January 2022 – via www.telegraph.co.uk.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20190115024705/http://slaverytoday.org/darfur-abductions-sexual-slavery-forced-labour/ Darfur Abductions: Sexual Slavery and Forced Labour]". Archived from [https://slaverytoday.org/darfur-abductions-sexual-slavery-forced-labour/ the original] on 15 January 2019. Retrieved 23 June 2025.</ref><ref>"'[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7786612.stm Thousands made slaves' in Darfur]". 17 December 2008 – via news.bbc.co.uk.</ref> Kwa Niger, bokgoba bo teng. Patlisiso ya kwa Nigeria e upulotse gore batho ba ka nna dikete tse di makgolo a ferabobedi ke makgoba, boferabobedi mo lekgolong la palo ya batho ba koo.<ref>"[https://abcnews.go.com/International/Story?id=813618&page=1 The Shackles of Slavery in Niger]". ABC News. 3 June 2005. Retrieved 23 June 2025</ref><ref>Andersson, Hilary (11 February 2005). "[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/from_our_own_correspondent/4250709.stm Born to be a slave in Niger]". ''BBC News''. Retrieved 23 June 2025.</ref><ref>"[https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/specials/1357_slavery_today/page3.shtml Slavery Today]". ''BBC News''. Retrieved 23 June 2025.</ref> Niger e ne ya diragatsa molao o o kgatlhanong le bokgoba ka ngwaga wa 2003. <ref>"[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13943662 Niger Profile]". ''BBC News''. 2012. Retrieved 23 June 2025</ref><ref>"[https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/feature Niger: Slavery – an unbroken chain]," ''IRIN'', March 2005 (accessed 23 June 2025)</ref> Bokgoba jwa tlhakanelo dikobo le go patelediwa go bereka go tlwaelesegile kwa Democratic Republic of Congo.<ref>Kelly, Annie (19 January 2016). "[https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2016/jan/19/children-as-young-as-seven-mining-cobalt-for-use-in-smartphones-says-amnesty Children as young as seven mining cobalt used in smartphones, says Amnesty"]. ''The Guardian'' – via www.theguardian.com.</ref><ref>Kelly, Annie (23 July 2014). "[https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2014/jul/23/sexual-slavery-democratic-republic-congo-msf Sexual slavery rife in Democratic Republic of the Congo, says MSF"]. ''The Guardian'' – via www.theguardian.com.</ref><ref>[https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/countries/2015/243418.htm "Congo, Democratic Republic of the]". ''U.S. Department of State''.</ref> Batho ba merafe ya batho ba ba khutshwane kwa Republic of Congo le [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] ba nna makgoba a Bantu go tswa fela ba belegwa.<ref>Thomas, Katie (12 March 2007). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20090228160138/http://newsobserver.com/110/story/552528.html Congo's Pygmies live as slaves]". ''The News & Observer''. Archived from [https://www.newsobserver.com/110/story/552528.html the original] on 28 February 2009.</ref><ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/1997/06/16/world/as-the-world-intrudes-pygmies-feel-endangered.html As the World Intrudes, Pygmies Feel Endangered], New York Times</ref> Bosupi jwa gore bokgoba kwa dipolasing tsa cacao kwa bophirima jwa Aforika bo ne bo le teng, bo upolotswe kwa ngwaga wa 1990.<ref>5 Minutes 10 Minutes. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20070613155944/http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,20867,20855855-28737,00.html West is master of slave trade guil]t". The Australian. Archived from [http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,20867,20855855-28737,00.html the original] on 13 June 2007. Retrieved 23 June 2025.</ref> Go ya ka lephata la tsa mafatshe a sele la puso ya United States, bana ba feta dikete di le lekgolo le boferabongwe ba ne ba bereka ele makgoba kwa dipolasing tsa cacao kwa [[Ivory Coast]], e le pereko ya bana e e matlhotlhapelo ka ngwaga wa 2002.<ref>[https://2001-2009.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2005/61565.htm U.S. Department of State Country Reports on Human Rights Practices], 2005 [[:en:Human_rights|Human Rights]] Report on Côte d'Ivoire</ref> Ka bosigo jwa Moranang a le lesome le bone go tsena lesome le botlhano, setlhopha sa ditsuulodi se ne sa tlhasela sekolo sa puso sa basetsana kwa Chibok, Nigeria. Ba ne ba tsenelela mo sekolong, ba itshupa fa ele badisa,<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/apr/19/88-nigerian-schoolgirls-abducted-by-islamic-extremists-still-missing "88 Nigerian schoolgirls abducted by Islamic extremists still missing]". [[:en:The_Guardian|''The Guardian''.]] Associated Press. 19 April 2014. Retrieved 23 June 2025.</ref> ba bolelela basetsana go tsamaya le bone.<ref>Maclean, Ruth (17 April 2014) [https://www.thetimes.com/uk/defence/article/nigerian-schoolgirls-still-missing-after-military-fabricated-rescue-pmbl90ls2hj Nigerian schoolgirls still missing after military 'fabricated' rescue] The Times, (may need a subscription to view online), Retrieved 23 June 2025</ref> Palo e ntsi ya baithuti e ne ya tsewa ka diteraka, go ya kwa dikgweng tsa Konduga le Sambisa kwa Boko Haram e neng e itsewe e na le dikampa teng.<ref>Maclean, Ruth (17 April 2014) [https://www.thetimes.com/uk/defence/article/nigerian-schoolgirls-still-missing-after-military-fabricated-rescue-pmbl90ls2hj Nigerian schoolgirls still missing after military 'fabricated' rescue] The Times, (may need a subscription to view online), Retrieved 23 June 2025</ref> Matlo kwa Chibok a ne a fisiwa ka nako ya tiragalo e. Go ya ka mapodisi, bana ba ka nna makgolo a mabedi, masome a supa le borataro ba ne ba tsewa ka tlhaselo e, ba le masome a matlhano le boraro ba iphalotsa ka Motsheganong a le malatsi a mabedi. Dipego tse dingwe si supa fa basetsana ba le makgolo a mararo, masome a mabedi le boferabongwe ba ne ba tsewa ka dikgoka, ba le masome a matlhano le boraro ba iphaloditse fa ba le makgolo a mabedi masome a supa le borataro ba santse ba sa bonwe. Baithuti ba ne ba patelediwa go fetogela kwa tumelong ya Islam le go nyala maloko a Boko haram, ka tlhwatlhwa ya dikete tse pedi tsa madi a Nigeria kgotsa lesome le bobedi, le botlhano jwa di dolara tsa America. Botsi jwa baithuti ba ne ba isiwa kwa maftsheng a a mabapi a Chad le Cameroon, go supiwa fa ba bonwe ba kgabaganya molelwane, le kwa sekgweng sa Sambisa kwa e leng botshabelo jwa Boko Haram.<ref>Heaton, Laura (30 April 2014). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/nigeria/10797454/Nigeria-kidnapped-schoolgirls-sold-as-wives-to-Islamist-fighters.html "Nigeria: kidnapped schoolgirls 'sold as wives to Islamist fighters']". ''The Daily Telegraph''. [https://ghostarchive.org/archive/wOs0b Archived] from the original on 11 January 2022. Retrieved 23 June 2025.</ref> === Kgwebo ya makgoba kwa Lybia === Ka nako ya ntwa ya bobedi kwa Lybia, batho ba koo ba ne ba simolola go tshwara<ref>"[https://shoebat.com/2017/04/12/muslims-are-taking-countless-africans-as-slaves-starving-them-to-death-selling-them-and-taking-the-women-to-rape-them/ Muslims Are Taking Countless Africans As Slaves, Starving Them To Death, Selling Them And Taking The Women To Rape Them]". 13 April 2017.</ref> ma Aforika a a neng a kgabaganya a leka go ya kwa Europe ba ba rekisa mo kgwebong ya makgoba. Makgoba gantsi ba malwapa ba bolelelwa go ba golola ka tlhwatlhwa, fa go santse go emetswe tuelo ba a sotliwa, ba patelediwe go bereka, nako tse dingwe ba berekisiwa go fitlhelela ba tlhokafala, gongwe ba felele ba bolawa kgotsa ba tlogelwa ba bolawa ke tlala fa tuelo e sa dirwa morago ga nako e e beilweng. Basadi ba tseelwa dikobo ka dikgoka ba dirisiwe e le makgoba a tlhakanelo dikobo ba bo ba rekisediwe mafelo a diaka.<ref>"[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-39567632 African migrants 'sold in slave markets]'". ''BBC News''. 11 April 2017.</ref><ref>Graham-Harrison, Emma (10 April 2017). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/apr/10/libya-public-slave-auctions-un-migration "Migrants from west Africa being 'sold in Libyan slave markets'"]. ''The Guardian'' – via www.theguardian.com.</ref><ref>"[https://nation.africa/kenya/news/africa/African-migrants-sold-as-slaves-in-Libya-/1066-3886812-5hy4xoz/index.html African migrants sold as 'slaves' in Libya]". 3 July 2020.</ref> Bontsi jwa bana ba batswakwa le bone ba a sotliwa ba bo ba dirisiwe dikgoka mo tlhakanelong dikobo kwa Lybia.<ref>Adams, Paul (28 February 2017). [https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-39109585 "Libya exposed as child migrant abuse hub"]. ''BBC News''.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20170910085159/http://alwaght.com/en/News/89562/Immigrant-Women,-Children-Raped,-Starved-in-Libya%E2%80%99s-Hellholes-Unicef Immigrant Women, Children Raped, Starved in Libya's Hellholes: Unicef"]. 28 February 2017. Archived from [http://alwaght.com/en/News/89562/Immigrant-Women,-Children-Raped,-Starved-in-Libya%E2%80%99s-Hellholes-Unicef the original] on 10 September 2017. Retrieved 23 June 2025.</ref> == Metswedi == d2ynbqabbjg38nhk43se1lw27u63is6 0 10761 55400 41461 2026-09-23T11:21:35Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55400 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Margaret Jean Redcliffe-Maud, Baroness Redcliffe-Maud''' ([[:en:Birth_name#Maiden_and_married_names|née]] '''Hamilton'''; o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa 1904 – o tlhokafetse ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e tlhola malatsi ale marataro ka ngwaga wa 1993), ene ele motshameki wa piano wa Borithane.<ref>[[:en:Robin_Darwall-Smith|Darwall-Smith, Robin]], A History of University College. [[:en:Oxford_University_Press|Oxford University Press]], 2008, pages 460, 473, 486, 501. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-19-928429-0|978-0-19-928429-0.]]</ref> == Tsa Botshelo == Jean Hamilton o ne a tsene sekolo se segololwane sa [[:en:Somerville_College,_Oxford|Somerville College, Oxford]].O ne a nyetswe ke [[:en:John_Maud|John Maud,]] yo ne a tla nna Morena Redcliffe-Maud, ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi ale masome a mabedi ka ngwaga wa 1932 mo [[:en:Oxford|Oxford]].<ref>Redcliffe-Maud, John, Experiences of an Optimist: The Memoirs of John Redcliffe-Maud. London: [[:en:Hamish_Hamilton|Hamish Hamilton]], 1981. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-241-10569-2|0-241-10569-2]]. (Dedicated to Jean Redcliffe-Maud.)</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ngwana one oo,ba ne ba tsaya loeto ka sekepe go ya [[:en:South_Africa|Afrika Borwa]] ebile one a boloka bukana ya gagwe ya Sephiri e a neng a kwala ka loeto lwa gagwe mo [[:en:Africa|Aforika]] e e rileng kwa morago ya gatisiwa jaaka buka ya phatlalala le sechaba. Hamilton ene ele motshameki wa [[:en:Pianist|piano]] wa tlhwatlhwa. Mo bogompienong go na le seetsele sa "John le Jean Redcliffe Maud prize" mo dikgaisanong tsa diletso tsa piano kwa sekolong sa [[:en:Royal_College_of_Music|Diletso tsa mmino wa Segosi]] kwa [[:en:London|Lontone]].<ref>http://www.guildmusic.com/artists/pdkeicrl<nowiki/>.htm</ref> Hamilton o ne a tlhoma Mokgatlho wa Mmino wa Kholetšhe ya Yunibesithi mmogo le molekane wa gagwe wa nako eo, John Maud.<ref>Darwall-Smith, Robin, A History of University College. Oxford University Press, 2008, page 460</ref>Konsata ya ntlha e e neng e rulagantswe ke mokgatlho ono e ne ya tshwarelwa mo ntlwaneng ya borutelo kwa [[:en:High_Street,_Oxford|90 High Street]], nngwe ya matlo a kholetšhe, ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e simolola ka ngwaga wa 1930. Hamilton o ne a tsamaya le seopedi sa tenor ebong [[:en:Steuart_Wilson|Steuart Wilson]]. [[:en:The_Young_Person's_Guide_to_the_Orchestra|Kaelo ya monana mo ga tsa mmino]], opus 34, ke kgoboko ya mmino ya ngwaga wa 1946 e e kwadilweng ke [[:en:Benjamin_Britten|Benjamin Britten]] e ka mafoko a motlhami "e kwadilweng ka lorato e kwalelwa bana ba ga John le Jean Maud: [[:en:Humphrey_Maud|Humphrey]], Pamela, Caroline le Virginia, go ba aga le go ba ntsha bodutu".<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190807190119/https://www.bbc.co.uk/music/works/ace72a0f-a21f-4ebd-a994-3957aaf14d9f "The Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra]". [[:en:BBC|BBC]]. 7 August 2019.</ref> E ne e le mosadi wa mong kwa [[:en:University_College,_Oxford|Kholetšheng ya Yunibesithi]], [[:en:University_College,_Oxford|kwa Oxford]], go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1963 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1976.<ref>Darwall-Smith, Robin, A History of University College. [[:en:Oxford_University_Press|Oxford University Press]], 2008, pages 460, 473, 486, 501. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-19-928429-0|978-0-19-928429-0.]]</ref>O ne a [[:en:Concert#Recital|diragatsa dipina]] tsa piano mme a tlhagelela mo [[:en:Univ_Revue|Univ Revue]] gone koo. O ne a tlogela tiro go ya go nna mo [[:en:Woodstock_Road_(Oxford)|Woodstock Road]] kwa [[:en:North_Oxford|North Oxford]] le monna wa gagwe mme a tlhokafala ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e tlhola malatsi ale marataro ka ngwaga wa 1993.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20041227053656/http://www.ox.ac.uk/gazette/backissues/9394/170394/colleges.txt Colleges, Halls, and Societies] Archived 2004-12-27 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]], [[:en:Oxford_University_Gazette|Oxford University Gazette]], Vol. 124, No. 4321, 17 March 1994.</ref> Jean Redcliffe-Maud o boloketswe kwa [[:en:Holywell_Cemetery|mabitleng a Holywell]], kwa [[:en:Oxford|Oxford]], le monna wa gagwe.<ref>[https://wikipalapp.com/?did=03329716_s_Holywell-Cemetery "Holywell Cemetery".] WikiPalApp.com. Retrieved 7 August 2019.</ref> == Dibuka == * Redcliffe-Maud, Jean (1989). From the Cape to Cairo 1932. == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Batshameki ba Piano]] [[Karolo:Ba ba tshotsweng ka 1904]] [[Karolo:Ba ba tlhokafetseng ka 1993]] <references /> [[Karolo:Ba ba tseneng kwa Somerville Oxford]] [[Karolo:Ba ba boloketsweng kwa Hollywell cemetery]] [[Karolo:Batlhami ba mokgatlho wa diletso tsa piano]] [[Karolo:Banni ba Borithane]] [[Karolo:Mohumagadi wa ga Rre John Maud]] suuwtb2fw78a7uzbciexkp5frvyasot 0 10807 55371 42176 2026-09-23T07:44:11Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55371 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Julius Nyerere|office=President of Tanzania|order=1st|image=President Nyerere van Tanzania, koppen, Bestanddeelnr (3x4 cropped).jpg|caption=Nyerere in 1975|predecessor={{ubli|''Himself'' as [[President of the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar]]}}|primeminister={{ubl|[[Rashidi Kawawa]]|[[Edward Sokoine]]|[[Cleopa Msuya]]|Edward Sokoine|[[Salim Ahmed Salim]]}}|successor=[[Ali Hassan Mwinyi]]|term_start=29 October 1964|term_end=5 November 1985|vicepresident='''First Vice President'''<BR>[[Abeid Amani Karume]]<BR>[[Aboud Jumbe]]<bR>[[Ali Hassan Mwinyi]]<BR>'''Second Vice President'''<BR>[[Rashidi Kawawa]]|office2=[[President of the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar]]|predecessor2={{ubli|''Himself'' as [[President of Tanganyika]]|[[Abeid Karume]] as [[President of Zanzibar|President of the People's Republic of Zanzibar and Pemba]]}}|party={{ubl|[[Chama Cha Mapinduzi|CCM]] (1977–1999)|[[Tanganyika African National Union|TANU]] (1954–1977)}}|vicepresident2={{ubl|[[Chama Cha Mapinduzi|CCM]] (1977–1999)|[[Tanganyika African National Union|TANU]] (1954–1977)}}|birth_name=Kambarage Nyerere|birth_date={{Birth date|df=yes|1922|4|13}}|birth_place=[[Butiama]], [[Mara Region]], [[Tanganyika Territory]]|death_date={{death date and age|df=yes|1999|10|14|1922|4|13}}|death_place=[[London]], England|nationality=Tanzanian|spouse={{marriage|[[Maria Nyerere]]|1953}}<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/8041150/Julius-Nyerere.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101014083944/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/8041150/Julius-Nyerere.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=14 October 2010|title=Obituary: Julius Nyerere|date=15 October 1999|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|location=London|access-date=15 October 2013|archivedate=30 March 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190330181750/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/8041150/Julius-Nyerere.html}}</ref>|children={{Collapsible list|titlestyle=font-weight:normal; background:transparent; text-align:left;|title= 8||Andrew Burito|Anna Watiku| Anselm Magige|John Guido (1957–2015)|[[Makongoro Nyerere|Charles Makongoro]] (b. 1959)|Godfrey Madaraka|[[Rosemary Nyerere]] (1961–2021)|Pauleta Nyabanane}}|residence=<!-- [[Butiama]], [[Mara Region]] -->|alma_mater={{ubl|[[University of Fort Hare]]| [[Makerere University]] ([[Diploma of Education|DipEd]])|[[University of Edinburgh]] ([[Master of Arts (Scotland)|MA]])}}|profession=Teacher|honorific-prefix=Servant of God|awards={{ubl|[[Lenin Peace Prize]]|[[Gandhi Peace Prize]]|[[World Peace Council prizes|Joliot-Curie Medal]]}}|governor-general4=[[Richard Turnbull (colonial administrator)|Sir Richard Trumbull]]|governor-general5=[[Sir Richard Turnbull]]|monarch4=Elizabeth II|monarch5=Elizabeth II|office3=[[President of Tanganyika]]|office4=[[Prime Minister of Tanganyika]]|office5=[[Chief Minister of Tanganyika]]|predecessor3={{ubli|[[Elizabeth II]] as [[Queen of Tanganyika]]}}|predecessor4=''Himself'' (as Chief Minister)|predecessor5=''Position established''|primeminister3=[[Rashidi Kawawa]]|resting_place=Butiama, Mara Region, Tanzania|successor3={{ubli|''Himself'' as [[President of the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar]]}}|successor4=[[Rashidi Kawawa]]|successor5=''Himself'' (as Prime Minister)|term_end2=29 October 1964|term_end3=26 April 1964|term_end4=22 January 1962|term_end5=1 May 1961|term_start2=26 April 1964|term_start3=9 December 1962|term_start4=1 May 1961|term_start5=2 September 1960}} '''Julius Kambarage Nyerere''' (ka Seswahili ke: [[:en:Help:IPA/Swahili|[ˈdʒulius kɑᵐbɑˈɾɑɠɛ ɲɛˈɾɛɾɛ]]] Moranang a le lesome le boraro 1922 – Phalane a le lesome le bone 1999) e ne e le lepolotiki la Tanzania, molweladipolotiki yo o kgatlhanong le bokolone. O ne a busa Tanganyika jaaka tonakgolo go tloga ka 1961 go fitlha ka 1962 mme morago a nna tautona go tloga ka 1962 go fitlha ka 1964, morago ga moo a etelela pele lefatshe le le neng la e tlhatlhama, e leng Tanzania, jaaka tautona go tloga ka 1964 go fitlha ka 1985. E ne e le leloko le le simolotseng le modulasetulo wa lekoko la Tanganyika African African Union (TANU) le lekoko la motlhatlhami wa yone, Chama Cha Mapinduzi, go tswa ka 1954 go fitlha ka 1990. Ka kgopolo e ne e le mosetshaba wa Aforika le mojammogo wa Aforika, o ne a rotloetsa dikakanyo tsa sepolotiki tse di neng di itsege jaaka Ujamaa. Nyerere o tsholetswe kwa Butiama, kwa Mara, e ka nako eo e neng e le kwa koloning ya Borithane ya Tanganyika, mme e ne e le morwa wa kgosana ya Zanaki. Fa a sena go wetsa dithuto tsa gagwe tsa sekolo, o ne a ithuta kwa Kholetsheng ya Makerere kwa Uganda mme morago ga moo a ithuta kwa Yunibesithing ya Edinburgh kwa Scotland. Ka 1952 o ne a boela kwa Tanganyika, a nyala mme a bereka e le morutabana wa sekolo. Ka 1954, o ne a thusa go tlhama TANU, e ka yone a neng a dira letsholo la gore Tanganyika e ipuse mo Pusong ya Borithane. A tlhotlhelediwa ke moeteledipele wa boipuso jwa India Mahatma Gandhi, Nyerere o ne a rera boipelaetso jo bo senang thubakanyo go fitlhelela boikaelelo joo. A tlhophilwe mo Lekgotleng la Peomolao mo ditlhophong tsa 1958–1959, Nyerere o ne a etelela TANU pele go fenya mo ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa 1960, a nna tona-kgolo. Dipuisano le balaodi ba Borithane di ne tsa felela ka gore Tanganyika e bone boipuso ka 1961. Ka 1962, Tanganyika e ne ya nna rephaboliki, mme Nyerere o ne a tlhophiwa go nna tautona wa yone wa ntlha. Tsamaiso ya gagwe e ne ya latelela go tlosa bokolone le "Aforika" ya tirelosetshaba fa e ntse e rotloetsa kutlwano magareng ga maAforika a tlholego le batho ba bannye ba mafatshe a Asia le Yuropa. O ne a rotloetsa go tlhamiwa ga puso ya lekoko le le lengwe mme a latela go tlhamiwa ga [[Bo-Aforika-Jotlhe]] ga Mokgatlho wa Aforika Botlhaba le Uganda le Kenya mme a se ka a atlega. Botsuolodi jwa 1963 mo teng ga sesole bo ne jwa gatelelwa ka thuso ya Borithane. Morago ga [[Phetogo ya Zanzibar]] ya 1964, setlhaketlhake sa Zanzibar se ne sa kopanngwa le Tanganyika go bopa Tanzania. Morago ga se, Nyerere o ne a gatelela thata go itshepa ga bosetshaba le bojammogo. Le fa bojammogo jwa gagwe bo ne bo farologana le jo bo neng bo rotloediwa ke Marx le Lenin, Tanzania e ne ya nna le kamano e e gaufi le China ya ga Mao Zedong. Ka 1967, Nyerere o ne a ntsha Kitsiso ya Arusha e e neng e tlhalosa pono ya gagwe ya ujamaa. Dibanka le madirelo a mangwe a magolo le dikompone di ne tsa tsenngwa mo pusong; thuto le tlhokomelo ya boitekanelo di ne tsa atolosiwa thata. Go ne ga gatelelwa gape tlhabololo ya temothuo ka go tlhama dipolase tsa morafe, le fa diphetogo tseo di ne tsa kgoreletsa tlhagiso ya dijo mme tsa tlogela mafelo a ikaegile ka thuso ya dijo. Puso ya gagwe e ne ya tlamela ka katiso le thuso go ditlhopha tse di kgatlhanong le bokolone tse di neng di lwantsha puso ya batho ba basweu go ralala borwa jwa Aforika mme ya okamela ntwa ya Tanzania ya 1978–1979 le Uganda e e neng ya felela ka go menolwa ga Tautona wa Uganda [[Idi Amin]]. Ka 1985, Nyerere o ne a tlogela tiro mme a tlhatlhangwa ke [[Ali Hassan Mwinyi]], yo o neng a busetsa morago bontsi jwa melao ya ga Nyerere. O ne a nna modulasetilo wa Chama Cha Mapinduzi go fitlha ka 1990, a tshegetsa phetogo ya tsamaiso ya makoko a mantsi, mme moragonyana a dira jaaka motshereganyi mo maitekong a go fedisa [[Ntwa ya Selegae ya Burundi]]. Nyerere e ne e le motho yo o neng a baka dikganetsano. Go ralala Aforika o ne a bona tlotlo e e anameng jaaka moganetsi wa bokolone mme mo pusong o ne a amogela pako ka go netefatsa gore, go farologana le bontsi jwa baagisani ba yone, Tanzania e ne ya nna e tlhomame le go nna seoposengwe mo dingwageng di le lesome tse di latelang boipuso. Go aga ga gagwe puso ya lekoko le le lengwe le go dirisa go tshwarwa kwa ntle ga tsheko go dirile gore a latofadiwe ka puso ya bobusaesi, fa gape a ntse a bonwa molato wa go sa laole itsholelo sentle. O tlotliwa thata mo Tanzania, kwa gantsi a bidiwang ''Mwalimu'' ("morutabana") yo o tlotlegang wa Seswahili mme a tlhalosiwa jaaka "RaSetshaba". == Botshelo jwa pele == === Bongwana: 1922-1934 === Julius Kambarage Nyerere o tshotswe ka Moranang a le lesome le boraro 1922 kwa Mwitongo, e leng kgaolo ya motse wa Butiama kwa Kgaolong ya Mara kwa Tanganyika.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], pp. 11, 37–38; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFBjerk2015|Bjerk 2015]], p. 24; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFBjerk2017|Bjerk 2017]], p. 27.</ref><ref>Nyerere was not aware of his date of birth for much of his life; he claimed that he was born in February 1921 for at least his first twenty-five years. He discovered his actual date of birth in the late 1960s, when it was revealed that a local elder, Mtokambali Bukiri, had made a note of it in his medical records for the community.[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolony201437%E2%80%9338-3|^[3]]]</ref> E ne e le mongwe wa bana ba le masome mabedi le botlhano ba ba neng ba tshela ba ga Nyerere Burito, kgosi ya batho ba Zanaki.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFSmith1973|Smith 1973]], p. 40; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 12.</ref> Burito o ne a tshotswe ka 1860 mme a newa leina la "Nyerere" ("seboko" ka Zanaki) morago ga gore sebetso sa diboko se tlhasele lefelo la selegae ka nako ya fa a tsholwa.<ref name=":0">[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 32.</ref> Burito o ne a tlhomilwe go nna kgosi ka 1915, a tlhomiwa mo maemong ao ke batsamaisi ba mmusimogolo wa Jeremane ba se ka nako eo e neng e le Aforika Botlhaba jwa Jeremane;<ref name=":0" /> maemo a gagwe gape a ne a tshegediwa ke puso ya mmusimogolo wa Borithane e e neng e tla.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 33.</ref> Burito o ne a na le basadi ba le masome mabedi le bobedi, ba mmaagwe Julius, Mugaya Nyang'ombe, e neng e le wa botlhano mo go bone.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], pp. 13, 34.</ref> O ne a tshotswe ka 1892 mme a nyetse kgosi eo ka 1907, fa a le dingwaga di le lesome le botlhano.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 34; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFBjerk2017|Bjerk 2017]], p. 27.</ref> Mugaya o ne a tsholela Burito barwa ba le bane le barwadi ba le bane, ba Nyerere e neng e le ngwana wa bobedi mo go bone; ba babedi ba bana ba gagwe ba ne ba tlhokafala ba sa ntse ba le masea.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFSmith1973|Smith 1973]], p. 40.</ref> Basadi bao ba ne ba nna mo matlong a a farologaneng go dikologa lesaka la dikgomo la ga Burito, le mo gare ga lone go neng go na le ntlo ya gagwe e e sediko.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 13.</ref> Zanaki e ne e le nngwe ya merafe e mennye go gaisa mo merafeng e le lekgolo le masome mabedi mo koloning ya Borithane mme morago ga moo ba ne ba kgaoganngwa ka dikgosi di robabobedi; ba ne ba tla kopanngwa fela ka fa tlase ga bogosi jwa ga Kgosi Wanzagi Nyerere, morwarraagwe Burito ka fa go mmaagwe, ka dingwaga tsa bo 1960.<ref name=":2">[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFAssensoh1998|Assensoh 1998]], p. 125.</ref> Morafe wa ga Nyerere e ne e le Abhakibhweege.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 12.</ref> Fa a tsholwa, Nyerere o ne a newa leina la setho la "Mugendi" ("Motsamai" ka Se-Zanaki) mme seo se ne sa fetolwa ka bonako go nna "Kambarage", leina la moya wa pula wa mosadi, ka kgakololo ya ngaka ya ''omugabhu''.<ref name=":1">[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 38.</ref> Nyerere o godiseditswe mo thulaganyong ya tumelo ya medimo e mentsi ya Zanaki,<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], pp. 16–17.</ref> mme o ne a nna kwa ntlong ya ga mmaagwe, a thusa mo temong ya lebelebe;e, mmidi le medi ya cassava.<ref name=":1" /> Le basimane ba bangwe ba selegae, o ne a tsaya karolo mo go diseng dipodi le dikgomo.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFAssensoh1998|Assensoh 1998]], p. 125; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 39; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFBjerk2017|Bjerk 2017]], p. 28.</ref> Ka nako nngwe o ne a dira ngwao ya go rupa ya setso ya Zanaki kwa Gabizuryo.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 38; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFBjerk2017|Bjerk 2017]], p. 28.</ref> Jaaka morwa wa kgosi o ne a bona maatla le taolo e e neng e laolwa ke seAforika,<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 41.</ref> mme go nna mo lefelong leo go ne ga mo fa kananelo ya go tshela mmogo mo go neng go tla tlhotlheletsa dikakanyo tsa gagwe tsa sepolotiki tsa moragonyana.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 39.</ref> === Go tsena sekolo: 1934–1942 === Tsamaiso ya bokolone ya Borithane e ne ya rotloetsa thuto ya barwa ba dikgosi, ka go dumela gore seo se tla thusa go tsweledisa tsamaiso ya dikgosi le go thibela tlhabololo ya batho ba maemo ba ba rutegileng ba tlholego ba ba ka gwetlhang puso ya bokolone.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 35.</ref> Ka tlhotlheletso ya ga rraagwe, Nyerere o ne a simolola thuto ya gagwe kwa Sekolong sa Tsamaiso ya Batlhago kwa Mwisenge, [[Musoma]] ka Tlhakole 1934, mo e ka nnang dikilometara di le masome mararo le botlhano go tswa kwa legaeng la gagwe.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFSmith1973|Smith 1973]], p. 43; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFAssensoh1998|Assensoh 1998]], p. 125; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], pp. 43, 46; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFBjerk2017|Bjerk 2017]], p. 29.</ref> Seo se ne sa dira gore a nne mo maemong a a kwa godimo; bontsi jwa batho ba motlha wa gagwe kwa Butiama ba ne ba sa kgone go duelela thuto ya motheo.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 45.</ref> Thuto ya gagwe e ne e le ka Seswahili, puo e a neng a tshwanelwa ke go e ithuta fa a le koo.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFSmith1973|Smith 1973]], p. 45; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFBjerk2017|Bjerk 2017]], p. 30.</ref> Nyerere o ne a dira sentle thata mo sekolong seo, mme morago ga dikgwedi di le thataro maduo a gagwe a ditlhatlhobo di ne di le mo go reng o ne a letlwa go tlola mophato.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 46.</ref> O ne a tila ditiro tsa metshameko mme a rata go bala mo ntlong ya gagwe ya borobalo ka nako ya boikhutso.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 47.</ref> Fa a le kwa sekolong o ne a dira gape le ngwao ya go thiba meno a Zanaki go lootsa meno a gagwe a a kwa godimo a a kwa pele go nna dintlha tsa khutlo tse tharo.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFSmith1973|Smith 1973]], p. 42; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 52; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFBjerk2017|Bjerk 2017]], p. 28.</ref> E ka tswa e le ka nako eo fa a ne a simolola go goga motsoko, e leng mokgwa o a neng a o boloka ka masomesome a dingwaga.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 52.</ref> Gape o ne a simolola go kgatlhegela Bokatoliki jwa Roma, le fa kwa tshimologong a ne a tshwenyegile ka go tlogela go obamela medimo ya setso ya batho ba gagwe.<ref name=":2" /> Le tsala ya gagwe ya sekolo Mang’ombe Marwa, Nyerere o ne a tsamaya dimaele di le lesome le bone go ya kwa Setheong sa Borongwa sa Nyegina, se se neng se tsamaisiwa ke Borre ba Basweu, go ithuta go le gontsi ka bodumedi jwa Bokeresete; le fa Marwa a ne a feleletsa a eme, Nyerere o ne a tswelela.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], pp. 48, 50; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFBjerk2017|Bjerk 2017]], p. 30.</ref> Sekolo sa gagwe se se botlana se ne sa fela ka 1936; maduo a gagwe a bofelo a tlhatlhobo di ne di le kwa godimo go gaisa moithuti ope fela mo kgaolong ya kgaolo ya Letsha le ya kgaolo ya Bophirima.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 53.</ref> Botswerere jwa gagwe jwa thuto bo ne jwa mo letla go bona thuso ya madi a puso ya go tsena Sekolo sa Puso sa maemo a a kwa godimo sa Tabora, e leng sekolo se segolwane kwa Tabora.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFSmith1973|Smith 1973]], p. 45; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFAssensoh1998|Assensoh 1998]], p. 125; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 53; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFBjerk2017|Bjerk 2017]], p. 31.</ref> Koo, o ne a tila gape ditiro tsa metshameko mme a thusa go tlhoma setlhopha sa Boy Scout morago ga go bala ''Scouting for Boys''.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], pp. 54–56.</ref> Barutwana ka ene moragonyana ba ne ba mo gakologelwa e le motho yo o nang le keletso ya maemo le yo o gaisanang, yo o neng a tlhwaafaletse go nna kwa godimo ga setlhopha mo ditlhatlhobong.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFSmith1973|Smith 1973]], pp. 45–46; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFAssensoh1998|Assensoh 1998]], pp. 125–126.</ref> O ne a dirisa dibuka mo motlobong wa dibuka wa sekolo go tsweledisa kitso ya gagwe ya puo ya Seesemane go ya kwa maemong a a kwa godimo.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 57.</ref> O ne a amega thata mo mokgatlhong wa dingangisano wa sekolo,<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFSmith1973|Smith 1973]], p. 46; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 59; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFBjerk2017|Bjerk 2017]], p. 31.</ref> mme barutabana ba ne ba mo kgothaletsa go nna moeteledipele wa sekolo, mme seo se ne sa thibelwa ke mogokgo, yo o neng a tlhalosa Nyerere jaaka yo o "pelonomi thata" mo maemong ao.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFSmith1973|Smith 1973]], p. 46; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 57.</ref> Go dumalana le ngwao ya Zanaki, Nyerere o ne a tsena mo lenyalong le le rulagantsweng le mosetsana yo o bidiwang Magori Watiha, yo ka nako eo a neng a le dingwaga di le tharo kgotsa di le nne fela mme a mo tlhophetswe ke rraagwe. Ka nako eo ba ne ba tswelela go nna ba kgaogane.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], pp. 82–83; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFBjerk2017|Bjerk 2017]], p. 31.</ref> Ka Mopitlo 1942, ka ngwaga wa bofelo wa ga Nyerere kwa Tabora, rraagwe o ne a tlhokafala; sekolo se ne sa gana kopo ya gagwe ya go boela gae go ya phitlhong.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFAssensoh1998|Assensoh 1998]], p. 125; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], pp. 13, 59; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFBjerk2017|Bjerk 2017]], p. 32.</ref> Morwarraagwe Nyerere, Edward Wanzagi Nyerere, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna motlhatlhami wa ga rraabone.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 36.</ref> Nyerere o ne a swetsa go kolobediwa jaaka Mokatoliki wa Roma;<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFAssensoh1998|Assensoh 1998]], p. 125; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], pp. 62–63; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFBjerk2015|Bjerk 2015]], p. 25; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFBjerk2017|Bjerk 2017]], p. 32.</ref> fa a kolobediwa, o ne a tsaya leina la "Julius",<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFSmith1973|Smith 1973]], p. 40; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 63; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFBjerk2015|Bjerk 2015]], p. 25; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFBjerk2017|Bjerk 2017]], p. 32.</ref> le fa moragonyana a ne a bolela gore go ne go le "boeleele" gore Bakatoliki ba tshwanetse go "tsaya leina le lengwe kwa ntle ga leina la morafe" fa ba kolobediwa.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFSmith1973|Smith 1973]], p. 45.</ref> === Kholetshe ya Makerere, kwa Uganda: 1943–1947 === [[Setshwantsho:Ssetendekero Makerere.jpg|thumb|Kago e kgolo kwa Yunibesithing ya Makerere kwa Uganda, kwa Nyerere a neng a ithutela thuto ya borutabana gone]] Ka Phalane 1941, Nyerere o ne a wetsa dithuto tsa gagwe tsa sekontari mme a swetsa go ithuta kwa Kholetsheng ya Makerere kwa toropong ya Kampala kwa Uganda.<ref>Smith 1973, p. 461; Assensoh 1998, p. 126; Molony 2014, p. 61; Bjerk 2017, p. 32.</ref> O ne a bona bursary go duelela dithuto tsa borutabana koo,<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 63.</ref> a goroga kwa Uganda ka Firikgong 1943.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 64.</ref> Kwa Makerere, o ne a ithuta mmogo le baithuti ba le bantsi ba ba nang le bokgoni thata ba Aforika Botlhaba,<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], pp. 65–66.</ref> le fa a ne a sa dirise nako e ntsi a itsalanya le ba bangwe, go na le moo o ne a tlhoma mogopolo mo go baleng ga gagwe.<ref name=":3">[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 66.</ref> O ne a dira dithuto tsa chemistry, biology, SeLatin le Segerika.<ref name=":4">[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 75.</ref> Fa a tsenelela mo Bokatoliking jwa gagwe, o ne a ithuta Di-Encyclical tsa Bopapa mme a bala tiro ya batlhalefi ba Katoliki jaaka Jacques Maritain;<ref name=":4" /> le fa go ntse jalo e e neng ya tlhotlheletsa thata e ne e le dikwalwa tsa motlhaledi wa Borithane yo o gololesegileng John Stuart Mill.<ref>Smith 1973, p. 46; Assensoh 1998, p. 126; Molony 2014, p. 73; Bjerk 2017, pp. 32–33.</ref> O ne a fenya kgaisano ya dikwalo ka tlhamo e e neng e bua ka go fenngwa ga basadi, e a neng a dirisitse dikgopolo tsa ga Mill mo setshabeng sa Zanaki.<ref>Molony 2014, p. 73; Bjerk 2017, p. 33.</ref> Nyerere gape e ne e le leloko le le tlhagafetseng la Mokgatlho wa Dingangisano wa Makere,<ref name=":3" /> mme a tlhoma lekala la Tiro ya Katoliki kwa yunibesithing.<ref name=":4" /> Ka Phukwi 1943, o ne a kwala lekwalo go ''Tanganyika Standard'' e mo go yone a neng a bua ka Ntwa ya Lefatshe ya Bobedi e e neng e tsweletse mme a nganga gore bokapitale bo ne bo sa tlwaelesega mo Aforika le gore kontinente e tshwanetse go retologela kwa "bojammogong jwa Aforika".<ref>Molony 2014, pp. 68–69; Bjerk 2017, p. 33.</ref> Lekwalo la gagwe le ne la tswelela ka go bolela gore "Moaforika yo o rutegileng o tshwanetse go etelela pele" mo go sutisetseng baagi kwa sekaong se se tlhamaletseng sa bojammogo.<ref name=":5">[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 72.</ref> Molony o ne a akanya gore lekwalo leo "le tshwaya tshimologo ya go butswa ga ga Nyerere mo dipolotiking, bogolo jang mo go anyweng le go tlhabololeng dikakanyo tsa batlhalefi ba bantsho ba ba eteletseng pele ba nako eo."<ref name=":5" /> Ka 1943, Nyerere, Andrew Tibandebage le Hamza Kibwana Bakari Mwapachu ba ne ba tlhama Mokgatlho wa Boitekanelo jwa Aforika wa Tanganyika (TAWA) go thusa palo e nnye ya baithuti ba Tanganyika kwa Makerere.<ref>Molony 2014, p. 76; Bjerk 2017, p. 32.</ref> TAWA e ne ya letlelewa go swa, mme mo boemong jwa yone Nyerere o ne a tsosolosa kgaolo ya Makerere e e neng e sule thata ya Mokgatlho wa Aforika wa Tanganyika (TAA), le fa le yone e ne e sa tlhole e dira ka 1947.<ref>Smith 1973, p. 46; Molony 2014, pp. 76–77; Bjerk 2017, p. 32.</ref> Le fa a ne a itse ka ga go tlhaola batho ka letso go tswa mo setlhopheng se sennye sa bokolone sa basweu, o ne a gatelela go tshwara batho jaaka batho ka bongwe, a lemoga gore batho ba le bantsi ba basweu ba ne ba sa tlhotlheletse Maaforika a tlholego.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], pp. 66–67.</ref> Morago ga dingwaga di le tharo, Nyerere o ne a aloga kwa Makerere ka dipoloma ya thuto.<ref>Smith 1973, p. 47; Molony 2014, pp. 78–79.</ref> === Go ruta ga pele: 1947–1949 === Fa a tswa kwa Makerere, Nyerere o ne a boela gae kwa kgaolong ya Zanaki go ya go agela mmaagwe yo o neng e le motlholagadi ntlo, pele ga a dirisa nako ya gagwe go bala le go lema kwa Butiama.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFSmith1973|Smith 1973]], p. 47; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 79.</ref> O ne a fiwa maemo a go ruta kwa Sekolong sa Basimane sa Tabora se se tsamaisiwang ke puso le kwa St Mary's se se tsamaisiwang ke borongwa, mme a tlhopha sa bofelo le fa se ne se mo neela tuelo e e kwa tlase.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFSmith1973|Smith 1973]], p. 47; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], pp. 79–80; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFBjerk2017|Bjerk 2017]], p. 33.</ref> O ne a tsaya karolo mo kganetsanong ya phatlalatsa le barutabana ba babedi go tswa kwa Sekolong sa Basimane sa Tabora, e mo go yone a neng a nganga kgatlhanong le polelo ya gore "Moaforika o solegetswe molemo go feta Moyuropa fa e sa le Aforika e kgaoganngwa"; morago ga go fenya kganetsano, morago ga moo o ne a thibelwa go boela kwa sekolong.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 86.</ref> Kwa ntle ga dioura tsa sekolo, o ne a naya dithuto tsa mahala tsa Seesemane go batho ba ba godileng ba lefelo leo,<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFSmith1973|Smith 1973]], p. 47; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 81.</ref> mme gape a neela dipuo ka dikgang tsa sepolotiki.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], pp. 86–87.</ref> O ne gape a dira ka nakwana jaaka motlhatlhobi wa ditlhwatlhwa tsa puso, a tsena mo mabenkeleng go tlhola gore ba duedisa bokae, le fa a ne a tlogela tiro morago ga gore balaodi ba itlhokomolose dipego tsa gagwe ka ga ditlhwatlhwa tse e seng tsa nnete.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFSmith1973|Smith 1973]], pp. 47–48; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFBjerk2017|Bjerk 2017]], p. 34.</ref> Fa a le kwa Tabora, mosadi yo Nyerere a neng a rulaganyeditswe go mo nyala, Magori Watiha, o ne a romelwa go ya go nna le ene go ya go tswelela ka thuto ya gagwe ya motheo koo, le fa a ne a mo fetisetsa go ya go nna le mmaagwe.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], pp. 83–84.</ref> Go na le moo, o ne a simolola go ratana le [[Maria Gabriel]], morutabana kwa Sekolong se sebotlana sa Nyegina kwa Musoma; le fa a ne a tswa mo morafeng wa Simbiti, o ne a abelana le Nyerere Boroma jo bo ineetseng.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFSmith1973|Smith 1973]], p. 48; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], pp. 89–91; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFBjerk2017|Bjerk 2017]], pp. 35–36.</ref> O ne a mo kopa lenyalo mme ba beeletsana ka tsela e e sa rulaganngwang ka Keresemose ya 1948.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFSmith1973|Smith 1973]], p. 48; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 97.</ref> Kwa Tabora, o ne a gagamatsa ditiro tsa gagwe tsa sepolotiki, a tsenela lekala la selegae la TAA mme a nna ramatlotlo wa lone.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 81.</ref> Lekala le ne la bula lebenkele la tirisanommogo le le rekisang dithoto tsa motheo jaaka sukiri, bupi le molora.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFSmith1973|Smith 1973]], p. 47; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 81; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFBjerk2017|Bjerk 2017]], p. 34.</ref> Ka Moranang 1946 o ne a tsenela khuduthamaga ya mokgatlho kwa Dar es Salaam, kwa TAA e neng ya ipolela semmuso gore e ikemiseditse go tshegetsa boipuso jwa Tanganyika.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFSmith1973|Smith 1973]], p. 48; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 81; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFBjerk2017|Bjerk 2017]], p. 34.</ref> Le Tibandebage o ne a dira mo go kwaleng gape molaomotheo wa TAA mme a dirisa setlhopha go kokoanya kganetso ya Colonial Paper 210 mo kgaolong, a dumela gore phetogo ya ditlhopho e ne e diretswe go tswelela go naya batho ba basweu ba ba kwa tlase tshiamelo.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 87.</ref> Kwa St Mary’s, Rre Richard Walsh—moruti wa Mo-Ireland yo e neng e le mokaedi wa sekolo seo—o ne a kgothaletsa Nyerere gore a akanyetse go tsena thuto e e oketsegileng kwa United Kingdom. Walsh o ne a dira gore Nyerere a kwale tlhatlhobo ya materiki ya Yunibesithi ya London, e a neng a e pasa ka karolo ya bobedi ka Ferikgong 1948.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 93.</ref> O ne a dira kopo ya matlole go tswa go Colonial Development and Welfare Scheme mme kwa tshimologong o ne a se ka a atlega, le fa a ne a atlega mo maitekong a gagwe a bobedi, ka 1949.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 94; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFBjerk2017|Bjerk 2017]], p. 35.</ref> O ne a dumela go ithuta kwa moseja, le fa a ne a supa go oshaosha go sekae ka gonne go ne go raya gore ga a kitla a tlhola a kgona go tlamela mmaagwe le barwarraagwe.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFSmith1973|Smith 1973]], p. 48.</ref> === Yunibesithi ya Edinburgh: 1949–1952 === Ka Moranang 1949, Nyerere o ne a tsamaya ka sefofane go tswa kwa Dar es Salaam go ya kwa [[Southampton]], kwa Enyelane.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 101; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFBjerk2017|Bjerk 2017]], p. 36.</ref> O ne a tsamaya, ka terena, go tswa kwa Lontone go ya kwa Edinburgh.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 102.</ref> Mo toropong e, Nyerere o ne a tsaya borobalo mo kagong ya "batho ba bokolone" kwa torotswaneng ya The Grange.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 104.</ref> Fa a simolola dithuto tsa gagwe kwa Yunibesithing ya Edinburgh, o ne a simolola ka thuto e khutshwane ya Chemistry le Physics mme gape a pasa Seesemane se se Kwa Godimo mo Tlhatlhobong ya ntlha ya Diyunibesithi tsa Scotland.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 107.</ref> Ka Phalane 1949 o ne a amogelwa go tsenela go ithutela digerata ya Masters ya Arts kwa Faculty of Arts ya Yunibesithi ya Edinburgh; ya gagwe e ne e le Digerata e e tlwaelesegileng ya Master of Arts, e e neng e tsewa e le digerata ya pele ga kalogo, e e lekanang le Bachelor of Arts mo diyunibesithing di le dintsi tsa Seesemane.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 108.</ref> Ka 1949, Nyerere e ne e le mongwe wa baithuti ba le babedi fela ba bantsho go tswa kwa dikgaolong tsa Borithane tsa Aforika Botlhaba ba ba neng ba ithuta kwa Scotland.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 110.</ref> Mo ngwageng wa ntlha wa dithuto tsa gagwe tsa MA, o ne a dira dithuto tsa dikwalo tsa Seesemane, itsholelo ya sepolotiki le thuto-loago ya loago; mo go ya bofelo, o ne a rutwa ke Ralph Piddington.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 111.</ref> Mo go ya bobedi, o ne a tlhopha dithuto mo ditsong tsa itsholelo le ditso tsa Borithane, ya bofelo e ne ya rutwa ke [[Richard Pares]], yo moragonyana Nyerere a neng a mo tlhalosa jaaka "monna yo o botlhale yo o neng a nthuta thata ka se se dirang gore Borithane e tsapoge".<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 112.</ref> Mo ngwageng wa boraro, o ne a tsaya thuto ya molao wa molaomotheo e e neng e tsamaisiwa ke Lawrence Saunders le botlhale jwa maitsholo.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], pp. 112–113.</ref> Le fa maduo a gagwe a ne a sa tlhomologe, a ne a mo kgontsha go pasa dithuto tsotlhe tsa gagwe.<ref name=":6">[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 113.</ref> Morutuntshi wa gagwe wa botlhale jwa maitsholo o ne a mo tlhalosa jaaka "tokololo e e botlhale le e e matlhagatlhaga ya setlhopha le ya makoko".<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 114.</ref> Nyerere o ne a bona ditsala tse dintsi kwa Edinburgh,<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 122.</ref> mme a tsalana le batho ba Nigeria le Maindia a Bophirima a a nnang mo toropong.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 142.</ref> Ga go na dipego tsa gore Nyerere o ne a tlhaolwa ka lotso fa a ne a le kwa Scotland; le fa go ka kgonega gore a kopane le yone, baithuti ba le bantsi ba bantsho kwa Borithane ka nako eo ba ne ba bega gore baithuti ba basweu ba Borithane ka kakaretso ba ne ba se na tlhaolele e ntsi go feta makala a mangwe a baagi.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 121.</ref> Mo dithutong, ka kakaretso o ne a tshwarwa jaaka yo o lekanang le balekane ba gagwe ba basweu, se se neng sa mo fa go itshepha mo go oketsegileng,<ref name=":6" /> mme se ka tswa se thusitse go bopa tumelo ya gagwe mo merafeng e mentsi.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 175.</ref> Ka nako ya fa a ne a le kwa Edinburgh, a ka tswa a ne a dira tiro ya nakwana go itshedisa le go tlamela lelapa la gagwe kwa Tanganyika; ene le baithuti ba bangwe ba ne ba ya kwa polaseng ya kwa Wales ka malatsi a boikhutso kwa ba neng ba roba ditapole gone.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], pp. 115–116.</ref> Ka 1951, o ne a etela kwa Lontone go ya go kopana le baithuti ba bangwe ba Tanganyika le go tsenelela Moletlo wa Borithane.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 135.</ref> Ka one ngwaga oo, o ne a kwala mmogo mokwalo mo lokwalodikgang la ''[[The Student]]'' e mo go yone a neng a nyatsa maano a go tsenya Tanganyika mo Mokgatlhong wa Rhodesia le Nyasaland, e ene le mokwadi-mmogo John Keto ba neng ba lemoga gore e ne e diretswe go tsweletsa taolo ya batho ba basweu ba bannye mo kgaolong eo.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 138.</ref> Ka Tlhakole 1952, o ne a ya kwa kopanong e e neng e bua ka kgang ya Federation e e neng e rulagantswe ke Setlhopha sa Dikereke tsa Lefatshe Lotlhe; gareng ga ba ba neng ba bua kwa kopanong eo e ne e le moithuti wa bongaka—le moeteledipele wa nako e e tlang wa Malawi—[[Hastings Banda]].<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 141.</ref> Ka Phukwi 1952, Nyerere o ne a aloga kwa yunibesithing ka Digerata e e Tlwaelesegileng ya Master of Arts.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], p. 180; [[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFBjerk2017|Bjerk 2017]], p. 38.</ref> Fa a tswa kwa Edinburgh beke eo, o ne a newa nako e khutshwane ya go etela Lekgotla la Borithane go ya go ithuta motheo wa thuto kwa Enyelane, mme a nna kwa Lontone.<ref>[[:en:Julius_Nyerere#CITEREFMolony2014|Molony 2014]], pp. 180–181.</ref> == Metswedi == npeupny25xpfwagmr1dl4bwhia84yq0 0 11026 55402 53861 2026-09-23T11:53:11Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55402 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mavis Nduchwa''', yo gape a itsegeng ka leina la '''Rewana Nduchwa''' (28 Phatwe 1982 – 13 Phatwe 2021), e ne e le motlhami le moeteledipele wa [[kgwebo ya temothuo]] ya Chabana Farms, e gape e rekisang jaaka Kalahari Honey.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250913045738/https://www.howwemadeitinafrica.com/the-journey-so-far-mavis-nduchwa-ceo-chabana-farms/63974/ "The journey so far: Mavis Nduchwa, CEO, Chabana Farms"]. ''How We Made It In Africa''. 2019-12-09. Retrieved 2025-09-24.</ref> E ne le mogwebi wa [[Botswana|Motswana]], mongwe wa bafenyi ba ba kwa godimo ba le masome matlhano ba Bagaka ba Kgwebo ba Aforika ba 2020 ba [[Jack Ma Foundation|Jack Ma]] [[Jack Ma Foundation|Foundation]].<ref>Ngwako, Taboka (July 28, 2020). [https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/57438 "Nduchwa among Top 50 finalists"]. ''Botswana Daily News''. [http://www.dailynews.gov.bw/news Archived] from the original on July 28, 2020. Retrieved 24 Lwetse 2025.</ref><ref>Rw, Taarifa; a. [https://furtherafrica.com/2020/07/28/jack-ma-foundations-top-50-finalists-of-2020-africas-business-heroes-competition/ "Jack Ma Foundation's Top 50 finalists of 2020 "Africa's Business Heroes" Competition"]. ''FurtherAfrica''. Retrieved 24 Lwetse 2025.</ref> == Tshimologo le thuto == Mavis Nduchwa o tshotswe ka 1982, kwa [[Francistown]], [[Botswana]], mme o ne a na le digerata ya ntlha ya botsamaisi jwa ditsha le kamogelo ya baeng.<ref>[https://www.un.org/africarenewal/magazine/special-edition-youth-2017/new-face-farming-youth-making-agribusiness-%E2%80%98cool%E2%80%99 "The new face of farming: youth making agribusiness 'cool'!"]. ''Africa Renewal''. 2017-02-23. Retrieved 24 Lwetse 2025.</ref> == Tiro == Nduchwa e ne e le motlhami le moeteledipele wa dipolase tsa Chabana, tse di gwebang jaaka Kalahari Honey. Mokgwa wa kgwebo ya Kalahari Honey o dikologa go rarabolola kgotlhang ya motho le tlou mo Botswana. Komponi ya gagwe e tlhopha balemibarui go tlhoma metshitshi ya dinotshe jaaka tsela ya go fokotsa tshenyo ya dijalo. Ka mokgwa wa gagwe wa kgwebo o ne a batla go ithuta ditsela tsa go oketsa palo ya dinotshe.<ref>[https://www.forbes.com/sites/andrewwight/2020/11/08/when-life-gives-you-elephants-make-honey-and-money/ "When Life Gives You Elephants, Make Honey (And Money!)"]. ''Forbes''. Retrieved 24 Lwetse 2025.</ref> Kgwebo ya gagwe ya loago ya Kalahari Honey e tlamela basadi ba kwa metseselegaeng ka metshitshi ya dinotshe jaaka tsela ya go sireletsa masimo a bone mo ditloung.<ref>[https://www.vitalvoices.org/people/mavis-nduchwa/ "Mavis Nduchwa"]. ''Vital Voices''. Retrieved 24 Lwetse 2025.</ref> Nduchwa e ne e le mofenyi wa kgwetlho ya 2020 ya [[Women Empower]] UN [[SDG]] ya [[Aforika e e kwa Borwa jwa Sahara]], e leng seetsele sa lefatshe lotlhe sa basadi ba ba mo dikgwebong<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200811111235/https://sustainability.asu.edu/we-empower/awardees-finalists/ "2020 Awardees"]. ''WE Empower UN SDG Challenge''. Retrieved 24 Lwetse 2025.</ref> le fellow ya 2019 ya [[AFRINIC]] (African Network Information Center).<ref>COMMS, AFRINIC. [https://web.archive.org/web/20191215071749/https://www.afrinic.net/blog/485-afrinic-31-fellowship-winners-announced "AFRINIC-31 Fellowship Winners Announced"]. ''www.afrinic.net''. Retrieved 24 Lwetse 2025.</ref> Ka 2017 o ne a le gareng ga bafenyi ba Mokgatlho wa [[Tony Elumelu]],<ref>Agunbiade, Tolu (2015-06-16). [https://web.archive.org/web/20250910101023/https://innov8tiv.com/cofoundher-interviews-mavis-nduchwa-of-chabana-farms/ "cofoundHER Interviews: Mavis Nduchwa of Chabana Farms"]. ''Innov8tiv''. Retrieved 24 Lwetse 2025.</ref> kwa a neng a tlhophelwa letsholo la Mandela Washington Fellow, letsholo la [[Young African Leaders Initiative]] (YALI). Nduchwa o amogetse Kgwebo e e Beilweng ke Basadi ya Ngwaga ya Botswana ya 2019 ([[Grant Thornton]]), Kabo ya Mogwebi yo o Tlhomologileng go gaisa botlhe wa Aforika ya 2018 (Mokgatlho wa [[Tony Elumelu]]) le Botswana Innovation Award 2019.<ref>[https://meaningful.business/team/mavis-nduchwa/ "Mavis Nduchwa"]. ''Meaningful Business Community''. Retrieved 24 Lwetse 2025.</ref> Ka 2017 o ne a tlhophelwa Lenaneo la Kgwebo la [[Tony Elumelu]]<ref>Agunbiade, Tolu (2015-06-16). [https://web.archive.org/web/20250910101023/https://innov8tiv.com/cofoundher-interviews-mavis-nduchwa-of-chabana-farms/ "cofoundHER Interviews: Mavis Nduchwa of Chabana Farms"]. ''Innov8tiv''. Retrieved 24 Lwetse 2025.</ref> le mo go lone dikgwebo tsa Aforika di tlhophiwang go ikaegilwe ka bokgoni mme di amogela katiso ya kgwebo le kabelo ya $5000. Ka 2019, Nduchwa o ne a tlhagisiwa mo Food Chain Global Champion jaaka moatlhodi wa moeng le [[Samin Nosrat]], [[Gaggan Anand]], [[Marion Nestle]] le Arnold Kreilhuber.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/4svxDH03tg5yHsR7f91gsj3/the-food-chain-global-champion-award-2019-winner-akshaya-patra "The Food Chain Global Champion Award 2019 winner: Akshaya Patra"]. ''www.bbc.co.uk''. Retrieved 24 Lwetse 2025.</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Nduchwa o ne a nyetswe mme a na le barwa ba babedi.<ref>[https://www.vitalvoices.org/news-articles/news/in-memoriam-mavis-nduchwa/ "In Memoriam: Mavis Nduchwa"]. ''Vital Voices''. 2 September 2021. Retrieved 24 Lwetse 2025.</ref> O tlhokafetse ka ntata ya ke mathata a a bakilweng ke COVID-19 ka 2021.<ref>[https://naturenews.africa/kalahari-honey-model-for-conservation-and-community-development/ "Kalahari Honey: Model for Conservation and Community Development"]. ''NatureNews''. 2024-12-19. Retrieved 24 Lwetse 2025.</ref> == Metswedi == k9g83zh41u291xjmx083mtyqffqhml4 0 11102 55323 42623 2026-09-23T00:04:06Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55323 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Alice Krige|image=2008 10 10 Alice Krige 01.jpg|image caption=Krige in 2008|birth_name=Alice Maud Krige|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1954|06|28|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Upington]], [[Northern Cape]], South Africa|education={{ubl|[[Rhodes University]]|[[Royal Central School of Speech and Drama]]}}|occupation=Actress|years active=1976–present|spouse(s)={{marriage|Paul Schoolman|1988}}}} '''Alice Maud Krige''' ( <small>Se</small><small>buru</small>: [[:en:Help:IPA/Afrikaans|[ˈkriχə]]] ; o tshotswe ka Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le boferabobedi 1954 ) ke modiragatsi wa Aforika Borwa. Phitlhelelo ya gagwe e kgolo e ne ya tla ka 1981, fa a ne a tshameka jaaka seopedi sa ga [[Gilbert and Sullivan|Gilbert]] [[Gilbert and Sullivan|and Sullivan]] [[Sybil Gordon]] mo filiming ya ditso ya Borithane ya ''[[Chariots of Fire]]'', le jaaka Eva Galli / Alma Mobley mo filiming ya Amerika e e tshosang ya masaitsiweng a tlholego ya ''[[Ghost Story]]''. O ne a amogela [[Sekgele sa Laurence Olivier]] ka ntlha ya tiragatso ya gagwe mo tlhagisong ya West End theatre ya ''[[Arms and the Man]]'' (1981) mme moragonyana a nna leloko la [[Royal Shakespeare Company]]. == Botshelo jwa pele le thuto == Krige o tshotswe kwa [[Upington]], [[Kgaolo ya Kapa]] (e jaanong e leng [[Kapa Bokone]]), Aforika Borwa ka Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le boferabobedi 1954, morwadia Patricia, moporofesara wa [[thuto ya tlhaloganyo]], le Louis Krige, ngaka. Ke wa letso lwa [[Afrikaaner]] le lwa [[Jeremane]]. Moragonyana ba lelwapa la ga Kriges ba ne ba fudugela kwa [[Port Elizabeth]], kwa Alice a goletseng teng mo go se a se tlhalositseng e le "lelwapa le le tetseng boitumelo thata", le bomorwarraagwe ba babedi, yo mongwe wa bone a neng a nna ngaka mme yo mongwe a nna Moporofesara wa Karo.<ref>[https://movies.yahoo.com/movie/contributor/1800032063/bio Alice Krige biodata], Yahoo! Movies; accessed 29 September 2014.</ref><ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20110713170814/http://www.krige-page.com/biography.html "The Alice Krige Home Page biography"]. Archived from the original on 13 July 2011.</ref> Krige o tsene [[Yunibesithi ya Rhodes]] kwa [[Grahamstown|Grahamstown, Aforika Borwa]] a na le dithulaganyo tsa go nna [[moithuta-tlhaloganyo wa kalafi]]. O ne a simolola go diragatsa morago ga go tsena thuto ya go diragatsa kwa Rhodes, morago ga moo a wetsa digerata ya Bachelor of Arts le digerata ya BA Hons mo drama, ka go pasa thata. O ne a tswelela kwa Lontone go tsena, le go aloga kwa, Central School of Speech and Drama.<ref name=":1">[http://www.tribute.ca/people/alice-krige/5647 "Alice Krige biography and filmography"]. Tribute.ca. Retrieved 29 Lwetse 2025.</ref> == Tiro == Krige o dirile lekgetlho la gagwe la ntlha la seporofeshenale a tshameka karolo ya moeteledipele wa mosadi mo filiming ya drama ya lorato ya Aforikaborwa ya 1976 ya ''Vergeet My Nie'' e e neng e kaelwa ke [[Elmo De Witt]].<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z8wklNjesDg "Vergeet my nie (1975) (HD 1080p)"]. 30 June 2023 – via www.youtube.com.</ref> O ne a fudugela kwa Enyelane ka 1979, fa a ne a tlhagelela lekgetlho la ntlha mo thelebišeneng ya Borithane a tlhagelela mo kgaolong ya ''[[BBC2 Playhouse]]''. Ngwaga o o latelang, Krige o ne a tshameka karolo ya ga [[Lucie Manette]] mo filiming ya thelebišene ya ditso tsa Amerika ya ''A Tale of Two Cities'' a patagane le [[Chris Sarandon]].<ref>[https://www.allmovie.com/movie/a-tale-of-two-cities-vm1079131 "A Tale of Two Cities (1980)"] – via www.allmovie.com.</ref> O ne a tswelela go tshameka karolo ya ga [[Sybil Gordon]] mo filiming ya ditso ya Borithane ya ''[[Chariots of Fire]]'' le Eva Galli/Alma Mobley mo ''[[Ghost Story]]'', tse ka bobedi di neng tsa gololwa ka 1981.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Morago ga moo o ne a tsenela [[Royal Shakespeare Company]], a tshameka karolo ya ga Cordelia mo go ''[[King Lear]]'' le mo go ''[[Lear]]'' ya ga [[Edward Bond]], Miranda mo go ''[[The Tempest]]'', Bianca mo go ''[[The Taming of Shrew]]'', le Roxanne mo go ''[[Cyrano de Bergerac]]''. O ne a tlhagelela gape mo metshamekong jaaka ''[[Venice Preserv'd]]'' ya ga [[Thomas Otway]] kwa [[Almeida Theatre]] kwa Lontone, le ''Toyer'' kwa [[Arts Theatre]] kwa [[West End]].^{[<nowiki/>[[go tlhokega nopolo]]]} Morago ga go tlhagelela ga gagwe mo screen se segolo, Krige o ne a tswelela go tshameka mo dibaesekopong di le mmalwa tse di diretsweng thelebishene le mo difiliming tse dinnye. O ne a tshameka mo motseletseleng o monnye wa CBS wa dikarolo tse tharo wa ''[[Ellis Island]]'' ka 1984 o o neng o theilwe mo [[pading ya 1983 ya setlhogo se se tshwanang]]. O ne a tshameka mmogo le [[Richard Chamberlain]] mo filiming ya thelebišene ya ''[[Wallenberg: A Hero's Story]]'' (1985) le mo motseletseleng o monnye wa ''[[Dream West]]'' (1986). Difilimi tse dingwe tsa gagwe tsa thelebišene di akaretsa ''[[Second Serve]]'' (1986), ''[[Baja Oklahoma]]'' (1988) a tshameka seopedi sa country e bong [[Patsy Cline]], le ''[[Max and Helen]]'' (1990). Krige o ne a tshameka karolo ya ga [[Bathsheba]] mo filiming ya 1985 ya ''[[King David]]'' a patagane le [[Richard Gere]].<ref>Canby, Vincent (29 March 1985). [https://www.nytimes.com/1985/03/29/movies/screen-king-david-a-biblical-epic.html "SCREEN: 'KING DAVID,' A BIBLICAL EPIC"]. ''The New York Times'' – via NYTimes.com.</ref> Filimi e ne e sa amogelwe sentle ke batshwayadiphoso mme gape e ne ya palelwa ke go bona madi a mantsi, ya bona madi a a kana ka didikadike di le $5.9 lefatshe ka bophara fa e bapisiwa le kaboyamadi ya yone ya go tlhagisa ya didikadike di le $21.<ref>[https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/king_david "King David - Rotten Tomatoes"]. Rotten Tomatoes. 15 June 2011.</ref> Ka 1987, o ne a tshameka mmogo le [[Mickey Rourke]] le [[Faye Dunaway]] mo filiming ya metlae ya batho bantsho ya ''[[Barfly]]'', e e neng ya amogela ditshwaelo tse di siameng go tswa mo batshwayadiphosong.<ref>[https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/barfly "Barfly - Rotten Tomatoes"]. ''Rotten Tomatoes''. 10 August 2016.</ref> Ngwaga o o latelang o ne a tshameka karolo ya ga [[Mary Shelley]] mo filiming ya drama ya nako eo ya ''Haunted Summer''.<ref>[https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/haunted_summer "Haunted Summer - Rotten Tomatoes"]. ''Rotten Tomatoes''. 6 June 2011.</ref> Ka 1989, Krige o ne a tshameka karolo ya mosadi yo o eteletseng pele le [[Jeff Bridges]] mo filiming ya metlae ya lorato, ''[[See You in the Morning]]''.<ref>[https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/see_you_in_the_morning "See You in the Morning - Rotten Tomatoes"]. ''Rotten Tomatoes''. 21 April 1989.</ref> Ka 1992, Krige o ne a tshameka mo filiming e e tshosang ya ''[[Sleepwalkers]]'' e e kwadilweng ke [[Stephen King]] mme e kaelwa ke [[Mick Garris]]. Moragonyana mo ngwageng oo o ne a nna moeng mo tiragalong ya motseletsele wa drama e e tlwaelesegileng ya basha, ''[[Beverly Hills, 90210]]'' a tshameka karolo ya mong wa polasi yo montle yo o bidiwang Anne yo o neng a ratana le moanelwa wa ga [[Luke Perry]]. O ne a tlhagelela mo dibaesekopong tse di diretsweng thelebišene tsa Letsatsi la Katlholo: ''[[Judgment Day: The John List Story]]'' (1993), ''[[Jack Reed: Badge of Honor]]'' (1993), ''[[Sharpe's Honour]]'' (1994), ''Donor Unknown'' (1995), ''Devil's Advocate'' (1995), ''[[Hidden in America]]'' (1996), ''[[Indefensible: The Truth About Edward Brannigan]]'' (1997), le ''[[Deep in My Heart]]'' (1999). O ne a tshameka mo motseletseleng o monnye wa 1991 wa ''Strauss Dynasty'' o o neng o bua ka [[lelwapa la ga Strauss la Vienna]], mmogo le ''[[Scarlet and Black]]'' (1993) le ''[[Joseph]]'' (1995). O ne a tlhophiwa go bona [[Seetsele sa CableACE]] ka ntlha ya go tshameka mo motseletseleng wa dibuka tsa ''[[The Hidden Room]]'' ka 1992.<ref>[https://m.imdb.com/event/ev0000140/1992/1/ "CableACE Awards"]. ''imdb.com''. imdb. Retrieved 29 Lwetse 2025.</ref> Ka 1995, o ne a tshameka mo filiming ya drama e e neng ya akgolwa thata ya ''[[Institute Benjamenta]]'' e e neng e kaelwa ke [[Brothers Quay]].<ref>[https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/the_institute_benjamenta "Institute Benjamenta - Rotten Tomatoes"]. Rotten Tomatoes. 13 March 1995.</ref> Moragonyana o ne a tlhagelela mo go ''[[Habitat]]'' (1997), ''[[Twilight of the Ice Nymphs]]'' (1998), ''[[The Commissioner]]'' (1998) le ''[[Molokai: The Story of Father Damien]]'' (1999).^{[<nowiki/>[[go tlhokega nopolo]]]} [[Setshwantsho:Alice Krige 2006.jpg|thumb|243x243px|Krige ka 2006]] Ka 1996, Krige o ne a tshameka mo filiming ya maranyane ya tlhamane ''[[Star Trek: First Contact]]'', a tshameka karolo ya [[Kgosigadi ya Borg]],<ref>[http://www.startrek.com/article/first-contacts-borg-queen-alice-krige "First Contact's Borg Queen - Alice Krige"]. ''StarTrek.com''. Retrieved 29 Lwetse 2025.</ref> e e lekang go tsenya Lefatshe mo setlhopheng sa Borg. Ka ntlha ya tiragatso eo, o ne a gapa [[Sekgele sa Saturn sa 1996 sa Modiragatsi yo o Gaisang wa Motshegetsi]] se se neng se neelwa kwa [[Kabodietseleng ya Saturn]] tsa 1997.<ref name=":0" /> O ne a boela kwa moaneding yoo mo motshamekong wa Star Trek wa ''[[Star Trek: Armada II]]'' le mo motseletseleng wa bofelo wa [[Star Trek: Voyager|''Star Trek: Voyager'']] wa "[[Endgame]]" ka 2001. Ka 2021, o ne a boeletsa seabe sa gagwe sa go nna Kgosigadi ya Borg ka lentswe fela mo motseletseleng wa dipopae wa bofelo wa ''[[Star Trek: Lower Decks]]'', o o neng o tla latelwa gape ka 2023 ka lentswe la ''[[Star Trek: Picard]]''.<ref>[https://decider.com/2021/09/30/star-trek-lower-decks-alice-krige-borg-queen/ "'Star Trek: Lower Decks' Brought Back Alice Krige, the OG Borg Queen"]. 30 September 2021.</ref> Moanelwa yoo o ne a bidiwa motho yo o boikepo go gaisa botlhe mo ditsong tsa ''Star Trek.''<ref>Orquiola, John (30 September 2021). [https://screenrant.com/star-trek-borg-queen-original-return-alice-krige/ "Star Trek's Original Borg Queen Returns (& Why There's A New One)"]. ''ScreenRant''.</ref> Ka 2000, Krige o ne a tlhagelela mo difiliming tse pedi tsa mofuta: metlae e e tshosang ya ''[[The Little Vampire]]'' le e e tshosang ya masaitsiweng a tlholego ya ''[[The Calling]]''. O tlhageletse mo ''[[Reign of Fire]]'' (2002), ''[[Stay Alive]]'', ''[[Lonely Hearts]]'' le ''[[The Contract]]'' (tsotlhe di ntshitswe ka 2006). Gape ka 2006, Krige o ne a tshameka karolo ya ga Christabella, moganetsi yo mogolo wa filimi e e tshosang ya masaitsiweng a tlholego ya ''[[Silent Hill]]''.<ref>McAndrews, Mary Beth (18 July 2022). [https://www.dreadcentral.com/news/433587/alice-krige-explains-why-she-struggled-with-silent-hill/ "Alice Krige Explains Why She Struggled With 'Silent Hill'"]. ''Dread Central''.</ref> Ka 2008, o ne a tshameka mo filiming ya drama ya botshelo jwa motho ya ''[[Skin]]'' mmogo le [[Sophie Okonedo]] le [[Sam Neill]] mme ba amogela ditshwaelo tse di siameng.<ref>[https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/10011284-skin "Skin - Rotten Tomatoes"]. ''Rotten Tomatoes''. 22 March 2016.</ref><ref>Bradshaw, Peter (23 July 2009). [https://www.theguardian.com/film/2009/jul/24/film-review-skin "Skin"]. ''The Guardian''.</ref> Filimi e sekaseka dikgang tsa mosetsana yo o neng a bewa mo setlhopheng sa "[[Bammala]]" ke balaodi ba Aforika Borwa ka nako ya [[Tlhaolele mo Aforika Borwa|Tlhaolele]], le fa batsadi ba gagwe e ne e le basweu. Ka 2012, Krige o ne a tlhagisa filimi e e neng ya gapa seetsele ya ''[[Jail Caesar]]'', e leng patlisiso ya bosha jo bo sa itsiweng thata jwa ga [[Julius Caesar]], e e neng ya filimiwa mo dikgolegelong tse tharo tse di dirang le magolegwa a le makgolo a le mmalwa a a direlang le setlhopha sa badiragatsi ba ba akaretsang [[Derek Jacobi]] le [[John Kani]]. ''Jail Caesar'' e kwadilwe le go kaelwa ke Paul Schoolman. Ditiro tsa gagwe tsa moragonyana di akaretsa ''[[Solomon Kane]]'' (2009), ''[[The Sorcerer's Apprentice]]'' (2010), ''[[Will]]'' (2011), le ''[[Thor: The Dark World]]'' (2013).<ref>[http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/movies/news/a399100/thor-the-dark-world-casts-alice-krige.html "'Thor: The Dark World' casts Alice Krige"]. Digital Spy. 13 August 2012. Retrieved 29 Lwetse 2025.</ref> Tiro ya ga Krige ya ditlhamane tsa maranyane e atologetse kwa thelebišeneng, ka dikarolo tse di tlhageletseng mo difiliming tse dinnye tse di fetotsweng tsa ''[[Dinotopia]]'' (2002) le ''[[Frank Herbert's Children of Dune]]'' (2003).<ref name=":0" /> O ne a tshameka karolo ya ga mmaagwe [[Natalie Wood]] mo filiming ya 2004 e e neng e diretswe thelebišene ya ''[[The Mystery of Natalie Wood]]'', mme a tshameka karolo ya ga [[Joan Collins]] mo filiming ya ''[[Dynasty: The Making of a Guilty Pleasure]]'' (2005).<ref>Heffernan, Virginia (1 January 2005). [https://tv.nytimes.com/2005/01/01/arts/television/01heff.html "''Dynasty: The Making of a Guilty Pleasure'': If You've Got It, Flaunt It: ABC Trumpets an 80's Hit"]. ''The New York Times''. Retrieved 28 Lwetse 2025.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120119014716/http://www.der-denver-clan.de/de/dynasty_behind.207.html "''Dynasty: The Making of a Guilty Pleasure'': Credits"]. Der-denver-clan.de. Archived from [http://www.der-denver-clan.de/de/dynasty_behind.207.html the original] on 19 January 2012. Retrieved 29 Lwetse 2025.</ref> O ne a tshameka mo drameng ya BBC Two ya ''[[The Line of Beauty]]'' ka 2006. O ne a na le dikarolo tse di ipoeletsang mo ''[[Deadwood]]'', mme o ne a tshameka jaaka moeng mo ''[[Six Feet Under]]'', ''[[Law & Order: Criminal Intent]]'', ''[[The 4400]]'', ''[[Dirty Sexy Money]]'' le ''[[NCIS]]''. Ka 2011, Krige o ne a tlhagelela mo pakeng ya bofelo ya BBC ya ''[[Spooks]]'', a tshameka karolo ya [[motsayaditlholwa wa leferefere]] wa Russia e bong Elena Gavrik.<ref>[http://www.cultbox.co.uk/news/headlines/1794-star-trek-star-alice-krige-is-amazing-in-spooks-say-writers "'Star Trek' star Alice Krige is 'amazing' in 'Spooks', say writers"]. Cultbox.co.uk. 8 September 2011. Retrieved 29 Lwetse 2025.</ref> Krige o ne a tlhagelela gape mo pakeng ya bofelo ya drama ya BBC ya ''[[Walking the Dead]]'', ka 2011.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200916141037/https://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/alice-krige/credits/139049/ "Alice Krige Credits"]. TV Guide. 28 November 2012. Retrieved 29 Lwetse 2025.</ref> O ne a tshameka karolo ya ga Amira mo motseletseleng wa ntlha le wa bobedi wa ''[[Tyrant]]'' wa F/X, mme a direla BBC mo motseletseleng wa ''[[The Syndicate]]'' le ''[[Partners in Crime]]''. Ka 2016, o ne a tshameka mo motseletseleng wa masaitsiweng wa [[Netflix]], ''[[The OA]]''.<ref>Ge, Linda (12 December 2016). [https://www.thewrap.com/brit-marling-netflix-the-oa-mystery-trailer-video/ "Brit Marling's Netflix Series 'The OA' Promises Mystery in First Trailer (Video)"]. The Wrap. Retrieved 29 Lwetse 2025.</ref> Ka 2017, Krige o ne a tshameka jaaka Kgosigadi Helena Charlton mo filiming ya metlae ya lorato ya Keresemose, ''[[A Christmas Prince]]'' ya Netflix. O ne a boeletsa seabe sa gagwe mo difiliming tse pedi tse di latelang: ''[[A Christmas Prince: The Royal Wedding]]'' (2018) and ''[[A Christmas Prince: The Royal Baby]]'' (2019). Ka 2020 o ne a tshameka mo filiming e e tshosang ya ditoro tse di lefifi, ''[[Gretel & Hansel]]'' a tshameka karolo ya Moloi.<ref>[https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/gretel_and_hansel "Gretel & Hansel - Rotten Tomatoes"]. ''Rotten Tomatoes''. 31 January 2020.</ref> Ka 2021, o ne a tshameka karolo e e kwa pele mo filiming ya drama e e tshosang ya tlhaloganyo ya ''[[She Will]]'' a tshameka karolo ya naledi ya difilimi e e tsofetseng. Krige o ne a amogela ditshwaelo tse di siameng ka ntlha ya tiragatso ya gagwe.<ref>Felperin, Leslie (19 July 2022). [https://www.theguardian.com/film/2022/jul/19/she-will-review-thriller-horror-charlotte-colbert-alice-krige "She Will review – atmospheric tale of post-menopausal revenge fantasies"]. ''The Guardian''</ref><ref>[https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/she_will "She Will - Rotten Tomatoes"]. ''Rotten Tomatoes''. 15 July 2022.</ref> Gape mo ngwageng oo o ne a tlhagelela le [[Max von Sydow]] mo filiming ya drama ya ''[[Echoes of the Past]]''. Ka 2022, Krige o ne a tlhagelela mo filiming ya kgagolako ya ''[[Texas Chainsaw Massacre]]'' ya Netflix.<ref>[https://ew.com/movies/alice-krige-interview-she-will-sleepwalkers-texas-chainsaw-massacre/ "Alice Krige's life in horror, from 'Ghost Story' and 'Sleepwalkers' to 'She Will'"]. ''EW.com''.</ref> == Temogo == O ne a bona Sekgele sa Metshameko le Batshameki, mmogo le [[Sekgele sa Laurence Olivier]] sa Motshamiki yo o Solofetsang go gaisa botlhe, morago ga go tlhagelela mo tlhagisong ya West End theatre ya 1981 ya ''[[Arms and the Man]]'' ya ga [[George Bernard Shaw]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Ka ntlha ya go tshameka ga gagwe jaaka [[Kgosigadi ya Borg]] mo [[Star Trek: Kgolagano ya Ntlha|Star Trek: First Contact]], o ne a amogela [[Sekgele sa Saturn]] ya 1996 ya Modiragatsi yo o Gaisang wa Motshegetsi.<ref>[https://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/alice-krige/bio/3030000894/ "Alice Krige Biography"]. ''tvguide.com''. [[:en:TV_Guide|TV Guide]]. Retrieved 29 Lwetse 2025.</ref><ref name=":0" /> Ka Moranang 2004, Krige o ne a newa [[Litt.D.]] digerata ya tlotlo go tswa kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Rhodes]].<ref name=":0" /> Ka 2015, Krige o amogetse Sekgele se se Kgethegileng sa Baatlhodi kwa Moletlong wa Boditšhabatšhaba wa Difilimi wa Kagiso, Tlhotlheletso le Tekatekano kwa Jakarta, mmogo le [[Andy Garcia]] le [[Jimmy Carter]] ka ntlha ya tiragatso ya gagwe mo filiming ya ''Shingetsu'', e mo go yone a neng a tshameka karolo ya ngaka ya [[Doctors Without Borders]] e e arang e e utlwisitsweng botlhoko ke ntwa, mmogo le Gunter Singer.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20181010184129/http://internationalfilmfestivals.org/IFFPIE/winners.htm "Winners - International Film Festivals for Peace, Inspiration, and Equality"]. ''internationalfilmfestivals.org''. Archived from [http://internationalfilmfestivals.org/IFFPIE/winners.htm the original] on 10 October 2018. Retrieved 29 Lwetse 2025.</ref><ref>[http://hastingsonlinetimes.co.uk/arts-culture/shingetsu-director-paul-schoolman-and-actor-alice-krige-interview "Shingetsu director Paul Schoolman and actor Alice Krige interview"]. ''hastingsonlinetimes.co.uk''.</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Krige o ne a nyalana le mokwadi le mokaedi Paul Schoolman ka 1988.<ref name=":0" /> == Bodiragatsi == == Metswedi == <references /> [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] lvfj6rgkqtppxlzj73bjjo6qwe2ivsw 0 11177 55372 42860 2026-09-23T08:08:47Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55372 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Keteng Baloseng''' (yo o tshotsweng a le 26 Tlhakole 1967) ke [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprint_(running) motabogi] wa Botswana. O ne a gaisana mo [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1996_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_4_%C3%97_400_metres_relay di-relay tsa banna tsa dimitara di le 4 × 400] kwa [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/1996_Summer_Olympics Diolimpiking tsa Selemo tsa 1996].<ref>Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Mallon Mallon, Bill;] et al[https://web.archive.org/web/20200418074728/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ba/keteng-baloseng-1.html . "Keteng Baloseng Olympic Results".] ''Olympics at Sports-Reference.com''. [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_Reference Sports Reference] LLC. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20200418074728/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ba/keteng-baloseng-1.html the original] on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 7 September 2017.</ref><ref>[https://www.olympic.org/keteng-baloseng "Keteng BALOSENG - Olympic Athletics | Botswana".] ''International Olympic Committee''. 18 June 2016. Retrieved 8 September 2017.</ref> {{Infobox sportsperson|name=Keteng Baloseng|birth_date={{birth date and age|1967|2|26|df=yes}}|event=4 × 400 metres relay|nationality=Motswana|sport=Sprinting}} == Tse di kwa ntle == * [https://worldathletics.org/athletes/-/14359833 Keteng Baloseng] kwa [https://worldathletics.org/athletes/-/14359833 World Athletics] * [https://www.olympics.com/en/athletes/keteng-baloseng Keteng Baloseng] kwa [https://www.olympics.com/en/athletes/keteng-baloseng Olympics.com] * [https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/65462 Keteng Baloseng] kwa [https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/65462 Olympedia] == Metswedi == 1q82yhtt2wa3hy43gsd4gmwd16vvkyy 0 11179 55332 42864 2026-09-23T02:36:31Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55332 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Camera Ntereke''' (yo o tshotsweng ka la bo 5 Motsheganong 1964) ke [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprint_(running) motabogi] wa Botswana. O ne a gaisana mo mabelong a [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1992_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_400_metres dimetara di le 400 tsa banna] kwa [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/1992_Summer_Olympics Diolimpiking tsa Selemo tsa 1992].<ref>Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Mallon Mallon, Bill;] et al. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200418074323/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/nt/camera-ntereke-1.html "Camera Ntereke Olympic Results".] ''Olympics at Sports-Reference.com''. [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_Reference Sports Reference LLC]. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20200418074323/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/nt/camera-ntereke-1.html the original] on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 6 August 2017.</ref> {{Infobox sportsperson|birth_date={{birth date and age|1964|5|5|df=yes}}|nationality=Motswana|sport=Sprinting|event=400 metres|name=Camera Ntereke}} == Tse di kwa ntle == * [https://worldathletics.org/athletes/-/14555231 Camera Ntereke] kwa [https://worldathletics.org/athletes/-/14555231 World Athletics] * [https://www.olympics.com/en/athletes/camera-ntereke Camera Ntereke] kwa [https://www.olympics.com/en/athletes/camera-ntereke Olympics.com] * [https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/65482 Camera Ntereke] kwa [https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/65482 Olympedia] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20220101/https://thecgf.com/results/athletes/36819 Camera Ntereke] kwa [https://web.archive.org/web/20220101/https://thecgf.com/results/athletes/36819 the Commonwealth Games Federation] (archived) == Metswedi == 034ubfha7xxhnmb5ptnz2jpa8o4n7pl 0 11180 55369 42866 2026-09-23T07:40:01Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55369 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joseph Ramotshabi''' (yo o tshotsweng ka di 1 Seetebosigo 1962) ke [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprint_(running) motabogi] wa Botswana. O ne a gaisana mo mabelong a [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/400_metres dimetara di le 400] kwa [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/1980_Summer_Olympics Diolimpiking tsa Selemo tsa 1980] le [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/1984_Summer_Olympics Diolimpiki tsa Selemo tsa 1984].<ref>Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Mallon Mallon, Bill;] et al. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200418091126/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ra/joe-ramotshabi-1.html "Joseph Ramotshabi Olympic Results".] ''Olympics at Sports-Reference.com''. [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_Reference Sports Reference LLC]. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20200418091126/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ra/joe-ramotshabi-1.html the original] on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 3 August 2017</ref> {{Infobox sportsperson|name=Joseph Ramotshabi|birth_date={{birth date and age|1962|6|1|df=yes}}|nationality=Motswana|event=400 metres|sport=[[Track and field]]}} == Tse di kwa ntle == * [https://worldathletics.org/athletes/-/14549823 Joseph Ramotshabi] kwa [https://worldathletics.org/athletes/-/14549823 World Athletics] * [https://www.olympics.com/en/athletes/joseph-ramotshabi Joseph Ramotshabi] kwa [https://www.olympics.com/en/athletes/joseph-ramotshabi Olympics.com] * [https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/65483 Joseph Ramotshabi] kwa [https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/65483 Olympedia] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20220101/https://thecgf.com/results/athletes/37341 Joseph Ramotshabi] kwa the [https://web.archive.org/web/20220101/https://thecgf.com/results/athletes/37341 Commonwealth Games Federation] (archived) == Metswedi == ih6fidog7c3r41cnvqk32sm73lckm9w 0 11183 55336 42874 2026-09-23T03:34:42Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55336 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Clarke Scholtz''' (o tshotswe ka di 12 Tlhakole 1912 – abo a tlhokafala ka di 20 Tlhakole 1989) e ne e le motabogi wa Aforika Borwa wa [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle-distance_running sekgala se se fa gare]. O ne a gaisana mo mabelong a [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1936_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_800_metres dimetara di le 800] tsa banna le mabelo a [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1936_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_1500_metres dimetara di le 1500] kwa [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/1936_Summer_Olympics Diolimpiking tsa Selemo tsa 1936] kwa gape e neng e le ene [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_flag_bearers_for_South_Africa_at_the_Olympics motshwari wa folaga ya Aforika Borwa] mo moletlong wa go bula.<ref>Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Mallon Mallon, Bill;] et al. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200418002903/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/sc/clarke-scholtz-1.html "Clarke Scholtz Olympic Results"]. ''Olympics at Sports-Reference.com''. [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_Reference Sports Reference LLC.] Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20200418002903/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/sc/clarke-scholtz-1.html the original] on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 12 October 2017.</ref><ref>[https://www.olympedia.org/flagbearers?country_id=RSA Flagbearers for South Africa"]. Olympedia. Retrieved 7 January 2024</ref> {{Infobox sportsperson|birth_date={{birth date|1912|2|12|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Lobatse]], [[Bechuanaland Protectorate]]|death_date={{death date and age|1989|2|20|1912|2|12|df=yes}}|death_place=Pretoria, South Africa|nationality=South-African|sport=Middle-distance running|event=800 metres|name=Clarke Scholtz}} == Tse di kwa ntle == * [https://worldathletics.org/athletes/-/14557728 Clarke Scholtz] kwa [https://worldathletics.org/athletes/-/14557728 World Athletics] * [https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/75320 Clarke Scholtz] kwa [https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/75320 Olympedia] == Metswedi == r9pla5h2lfe7g6z1mrczgmhm1n4yjja 0 11775 55370 44562 2026-09-23T07:41:40Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55370 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joshua Owusu''' (o tshotswe ka di tsa Diphalane ngwaga wa 1948) ke moatlelete wa [[Diolimpiki]] yo o rotseng tiro wa go taboga le go taboga go tswa kwa [[Ghana]]. O ne a itsege thata mo ditiragalong tsa go [[tlola gararo]] le tsa [[go tlola ka boleele]] ka nako ya tiro ya gagwe. Owusu o ne a emela Ghana kwa [[Metshamekong ya Diolimpiki ya 1972]] kwa a neng a fetsa mo maemong a bone, 2 cm go tswa mo mmentleng. O ne a gapa mmentlele wa gauta mo kgaisanong ya banna ya go tlola gararo kwa [[Metshamekong ya Kgweranoditšhaba ya Borithane ya 1974]] mo nageng ya gaabo ya [[Aforika Bophirima]].<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wnJf48QBebk Video] on [[:en:YouTube_video_(identifier)|YouTube]]</ref> Owusu o ne a thapiwa kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Botlhaba jwa New Mexico]], kwa a neng a tabogela [[setlhopha sa dipitse tsa Greyhounds sa Botlhaba jwa New Mexico]] mmogo le [[Mike Murei]].<ref>[https://www.newspapers.com/article/wisconsin-state-journal-kenyan-connectio/179411011/ "Kenyan connection runs in Badger family"]. [[:en:Wisconsin_State_Journal_(Madison,_Wisconsin)|Wisconsin State Journal (Madison, Wisconsin)]]. 15 Nov 1975. p. 10. Retrieved 21 August 2025.</ref> == Metswedi == * Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; [https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ow/joshua-owusu-1.html Mallon, Bill;] et al. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200418122603/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ow/joshua-owusu-1.html "Joshua Owusu"]. Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. [[:en:Sports_Reference|Sports Reference LLC]]. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20200418122603/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ow/joshua-owusu-1.html the original] on 2020-04-18. de22cbruxlmu21uxoyb5wzgv5r5pxp7 0 11806 55366 46822 2026-09-23T07:25:32Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55366 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jean Kalala N'Tumba''' (yo a bonweng ka Ferikgong a tlhola malatsi a supa ka ngwaga wa 1949, a tlhokafala ka Ferikgong a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa 2021)<ref>[https://www.rsssf.org/miscellaneous/kongk-recintlp.html Appearances for Congo-Kinshasa National Team]</ref> e ne e le motshameki wa kgwele ya dinao wa kwa Congo o a neng a tshamekela Zaire mo sejaneng sa mafatshe sa 1974 sa FIFA.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110923012028/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/edition%3D39/teams/team%3D43890.html 1974 FIFA World Cup Germany] Archived September 23, 2011, at the Wayback Machine</ref> O ne a tshamekela AS Vita Club gape. == Metswedi == rpsdiwvxkl2v5kh9jcd8jbazpdd4hqg 0 12009 55321 46222 2026-09-22T23:47:51Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55321 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Adena T. Friedman''' (yo o tshotsweng le Adena Robinson Testa ka ngwaga wa 1969) ke mosadi wa kgwebo wa Moamerika. Ga jaanong jaana o direla jaaka Tautona le Mokhuduthamaga wa [[Nasdaq]], [[Inc]].<ref>"Adena Friedman"[https://www.nasdaq.com/]</ref> Pele e ne e le mokaedi yo o okametseng le CFO wa The Carlyle Group. Kwa tshimologong o ne a nna leloko la Nasdaq ka ngwaga wa 1993, mme o ne a boela kwa Nasdaq go tswa kwa Carlyle ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 2014 e le Moporesidente wa Dikhamphani tsa Lefatshe Lotlhe le ditharabololo tsa thekenoloji ya tshedimosetso.<ref name=":0">de la Merced, Michael J. (2016-11-14). "Nasdaq Names a New Chief Executive: Adena Friedman". ''The New York Times''. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-03-11.[https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/15/business/dealbook/nasdaq-names-a-new-chief-executive-adena-f.html]</ref><ref>"Adena Friedman returns to Nasdaq". ''Reuters''. May 12, [https://www.reuters.com/article/nasdaq-managementchanges-idUSL3N0NY1EU20140512/ 2014]</ref>O ne a bidiwa CEO wa Nasdaq ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2017, mosadi wa ntlha go etelela pele kananyo ya lefatshe lotlhe.<ref name=":1">"Adena Friedman". ''Forbes''. Retrieved 2020-03-[https://www.forbes.com/profile/adena-friedman/ 11]</ref> Forbes e ntse e kwala Friedman gangwe le gape jaaka mongwe wa basadi ba ba maatla go gaisa mo lefatsheng mo lenaaneng la bone la ngwaga le ngwaga la Power Women.<ref name=":1" /> O ne a le mo maemong a bo 43 mo lenaaneng la Forbes la "Basadi ba le 100 ba ba maatla go gaisa mo lefatsheng" ka ngwaga wa 2023.<ref>"The World's Most Powerful Women 2023". ''Forbes''.[https://web.archive.org/web/20260118132340/https://www.forbes.com/lists/power-women/]</ref> O ne a le mo maemong a bo 55 mo lenaaneng la Fortune la Basadi ba ba Maatla go gaisa ka ngwaga wa 2023.<ref>"Most Powerful Women". ''[https://fortune.com/ranking/most-powerful-women/ Fortune]''</ref> == Botshelo jwa ntlha le thuto == O tshotswe e le Adena Robinson Testa mme a godisediwa kwa toropongkgolo ya Baltimore, ke morwadia Michael D. Testa, mokaedi yo o okametseng kwa T. Rowe Price, le Adena W. Testa, mmueledi kwa femeng ya molao ya Baltimore ya Stewart, Plant & Blumenthal.<ref name=":2">New York Times: "Weddings; Adena R. Testa, Michael Friedman" August 22, [https://www.nytimes.com/1993/08/22/style/weddings-adena-r-testa-michael-friedman.html 1993]</ref><ref name=":3">Johnson, Kieron (2019-05-13). "The taekwondo black belt who runs the Nasdaq". ''BBC News''. Retrieved 2020-03-11.[https://www.bbc.com/news/business-48205206]</ref> O ne a tsena Sekolo sa Naga sa Roland Park. O amogetse BA mo saenseng ya dipolotiki kwa Kholetšheng ya Williams le MBA kwa Sekolong sa Dialogane sa Botsamaisi sa Owen sa Yunibesithi ya Vanderbilt.<ref name=":2" /> == Mokgwa wa go itshetsa le tswelelopele == Fa a sena go aloga kwa Yunibesithing ya Vanderbilt, Friedman o ne a tsenela Nasdaq ka ngwaga wa 1993 e le moithuti yo o sa duelweng.<ref name=":3" /> Kwa Nasdaq, o ne a dira jaaka tlhogo ya dikumo tsa tshedimosetso le jaaka Motlhankedi yo Mogolo wa Ditšhelete, gareng ga tse dingwe,<ref name=":0" /> mme a okametse go rekwa ga INET, OMX, Phapantsho ya Dithoto ya Philadelphia le Phapantsho ya Dithoto ya Boston.<ref>"Adena T. Friedman".[https://www.nasdaq.com/about/our-people/adena-t-friedman]</ref> O ne a tlogela Nasdaq ka ngwaga wa 2011 go ya go tsenela feme ya poraefete ya dipeeletso ya Carlyle Group jaaka Motlhankedi yo Mogolo wa Ditšhelete le Mokaedi Motsamaisi, e leng maemo a a neng a nna mo go one go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2014.<ref name=":3" /> Friedman o ne a boela kwa Nasdaq e le mopresidente le Motlhankedi yo Mogolo wa Tsamaiso. O ne a nna Mokhuduthamaga ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2017, a tsaya sebaka sa ga Robert Greifeld.<ref name=":0" /> Go ya ka lenaane la Forbes Power Women, Friedman o bona Nasdaq e le "enjene ya bokapitale," mme o bueletse “go busetsa dikhamphani mo mmarakeng wa setšhaba le go dira gore go beeletsa go fitlhelege.” Jaaka CEO, o “tsepamisitse mogopolo mo go farologanyeng Nasdaq go nna khamphani ya thekenoloji e e tlhomang mogopolo mo ditshonong tsa kgolo, tse di jaaka ditirelo tsa patlisiso ya tshedimosetso.”<ref name=":1" /> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2019, Friedman o ne a neela puo ya TED e e bidiwang “Isagwe ya bokapitale ke eng?.”<ref>Friedman, Adena (11 October 2019), ''What's the future of capitalism?'', retrieved 2020-03-[https://www.ted.com/talks/adena_friedman_what_s_the_future_of_capitalism 11]</ref>Gape o ne a tsaya karolo mo makasineng wa The Economist wa The World ka kgatiso ya ngwaga wa 2020 ka kholomo e e bidiwang "Dikakanyo tsa go dira bokapitale jwa segompieno," a bolelela pele gore “ntwa ya go lwela moya wa ikonomi ya lefatshe lotlhe e tla] tlhatlosa.”<ref>"Ideas for modernising capitalism". ''worldin.economist.com''. 21 November 2019. Retrieved 2020-03-[https://www.economist.com/topics/the-world-ahead-2026 11]</ref> Ka nako ya mathata a COVID-19 a ngwaga wa 2020, Friedman o ne a tlhagisiwa mo athikeleng ya Ofisi ya Sekhutlo ya The New York Times ya "O Tsene mo Phaposing ya Botlhatswetso: Kafa Ba-CEO ba Google, Pfizer le Slack ba Berekang ka Gone ba le kwa Gae," a abelana dipono tsa di-CEO tsa dikhamphani tse di berekang kwa gae ka ntlha ya leroborobo leno. O ne a abelana tshwetso ya gagwe ya go kgaoganya badiri ba botlhokwa kwa kananyong go nna ditlhopha tse pedi go netefatsa gore tiro e a tswelela mme a tlhalosa thulaganyo ya gagwe ya go dira kwa gae ka nako ya mathata. Kgang e ne e akaretsa Mokhuduthamaga wa Alfabet Sundar Pichai le Mokhuduthamaga wa Salesforce Marc Benioff, gareng ga ba bangwe.<ref>Gelles, David (2020-03-23). "Logged On From the Laundry Room: How the C.E.O.s of Google, Pfizer and Slack Work From Home". ''The New York Times''. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-04-01.[https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/23/business/corner-office-coronavirus.html]</ref> Go simolola ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2020, Friedman o eteletse pele Nasdaq go tsenya tirisong ditlhokego tsa gore dikhamphani tsotlhe tse di kwadilweng mo tshupaneng di senole dipalopalo tse di tlhomameng tsa pharologano ka ga diboto tsa tsone tsa dikhamphani.<ref>"The Most Powerful Women in Finance: No. 5, Adena Friedman, Nasdaq". ''American Banker''. 2024-09-24. Retrieved 2025-06-[https://www.americanbanker.com/news/the-most-powerful-women-in-finance-2024-adena-friedman-nasdaq 05]</ref><ref>"Nasdaq to Advance Diversity through New Proposed Listing Requirements". ''www.nasdaq.com''. Archived from the original on 2025-05-30. Retrieved 2025-06-05.[https://www.nasdaq.com/press-release/nasdaq-to-advance-diversity-through-new-proposed-listing-requirements-2020-12-01]</ref> Maiteko ano a ne a kgaolwa ke Kgotlatshekelo ya Boikuelo ya Amerika ya Potologo ya Botlhano dingwaga di le nne moragonyana, e e neng ya atlhola gore Khomišene ya Dipabalesego le Phapantsho ya Amerika e ne e fetile taolo ya yone ya semolao mo go amogeleng ditlhokego tseno, mme seno sa dira gore Nasdaq e gogele molao ono morago.<ref>Osipovich, Alexander. "Appeals Court Strikes Down Nasdaq's Board-Diversity Rules". ''The Wall Street Journal''. Archived from the original on 2024-12-12. Retrieved 2025-06-06.[https://www.wsj.com/finance/stocks/appeals-court-strikes-down-nasdaqs-board-diversity-rules-0a2eb7ee]</ref><ref>Ramonas, Andrew (2025-01-17). "Nasdaq Moves to Erase Board Diversity Rules After Court Loss". ''Bloomberg Law''. Archived from the original on 2025-01-27. Retrieved 2025-06-06.[https://news.bloomberglaw.com/esg/nasdaq-moves-to-erase-board-diversity-rules-after-court-loss]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2023, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna modulasetulo wa boto ya bakaedi ba Nasdaq. <ref>"Adena Friedman | 2024 Most Powerful Women". ''Fortune''. Retrieved 2025-07-[https://fortune.com/ranking/most-powerful-women/2024/adena-friedman/ 09]</ref>Mo ngwageng oo, pusetso yotlhe ya ga Friedman go tswa kwa [[Nasdaq, Inc.]] e ne e le $18.5 milione, e e emelang tekanyetso ya tuelo ya CEO-go-modiri ya bogareng ya 157-go-1.<ref>Anderson, Mae; Harloff, Paul; Ortutay, Barbara (2024-06-03). "CEOs made nearly 200 times what their workers got paid last year". ''AP News''. Archived from the original on 2024-09-03. Retrieved 2024-09-[https://apnews.com/article/ceo-pay-compensation-ratio-workers-fa25db3338b68ad9eb395dfd46190383 04]</ref>Friedman o ne a tlotliwa ke Mobanka wa Amerika jaaka mongwe wa Basadi ba ba Maatla go gaisa mo go tsa Banka ka ngwaga wa 2024.<ref>"The CEOs at the head of the class of The Most Powerful Women in Banking honorees". ''American Banker''. 2024-10-22. Retrieved 2024-10-23.[https://www.americanbanker.com/list/ceos-leading-the-pack-of-the-most-powerful-women-in-banking-honorees]</ref> == Diboto == Friedman o dirile jaaka mokaedi wa Setlhopha sa B kwa Bankeng ya Resefe ya Bosetšhaba ya New York fa e sale ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2018, e le ene fela Mokhuduthamaga wa Phapanyetsano yo o kileng a dira seno.<ref>"Adena Friedman Elected as a Class B Director to New York Fed Board of Directors - FEDERAL RESERVE BANK of NEW YORK". ''www.newyorkfed.org''. Retrieved 2020-03-[https://www.newyorkfed.org/newsevents/news/aboutthefed/2018/oa181127b 11]</ref><ref name=":1" />Gape o direla mo botong ya [[FCLTGlobal]], mokgatlho o o sa direng dipoelo o o batlisisang ka didirisiwa tse di rotloetsang go beeletsa ka nako e telele.<ref>"FCLTGlobal Appoints New Board Directors and Strategic Advisors". ''www.fcltglobal.org''. Archived from the original on 2020-03-21. Retrieved 2020-03-11.[https://web.archive.org/web/20200321225855/https://www.fcltglobal.org/news/blog/article/2020/01/02/fcltglobal-appoints-new-board-directors-and-strategic-advisors]</ref> == Botshelo jwa Gagwe == Ka ngwaga wa 1993, o ne a nyala [[Michael Cameron Friedman]] mo moletlong wa Bokeresete kwa Baltimore, kwa Maryland. Monna wa gagwe ke mmueledi yo o rotseng tiro.<ref name=":4">Osipovich, Alexander (June 15, 2023). "Nasdaq CEO Adena Friedman Pursues a Black Belt in Dealmaking". ''The Wall Street [https://www.wsj.com/articles/nasdaq-ceo-adena-friedman-pursues-a-black-belt-in-dealmaking-ddf6df69 Journal]''</ref> Ba na le barwa ba babedi.<ref>Alford Lake Camp: "Adena Testa Friedman" Archived 2016-11-15 at the Wayback Machine retrieved November 14, [https://web.archive.org/web/20170529020600/http://www.alfordlakecamp.com/friedman 2016]</ref> Ba nna kwa Maryland.<ref name=":4" /> O na le lebanta le lentsho mo taekwondo, le a simolotseng go le ithuta morago ga go isa barwa ba gagwe kwa ditlelaseng, mme a re le mo thusitse go nna yo o sa boifeng mo kgwebong.<ref>Osipovich, Alexander (February 3, 2017), "Nasdaq's New CEO Adena Friedman Has a Big Job: Reimagining the Stock Exchange", ''The Wall Street Journal'', New York City, retrieved January 4, [https://www.wsj.com/articles/nasdaqs-new-ceo-adena-friedman-has-a-big-job-reimagining-the-stock-exchange-1486117802 2017]</ref><ref>"The taekwondo black belt who runs the Nasdaq". ''BBC News''. 2019-05-12. Retrieved 2021-04-[https://www.bbc.com/news/business-48205206 09]</ref> == Metswedi == 3qfzo8i95jr7mcifjwoy7j06sis3adi 0 12021 55337 45101 2026-09-23T03:41:22Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55337 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Colette Kress''' (o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa 1967 kgotsa ka ngwaga wa 1968) <ref>"NVIDIA Appoints Colette Kress as Chief Financial Officer". ''nvidia.com''. 16 September 2013. Retrieved 11 November 2025.[https://nvidianews.nvidia.com/news/nvidia-appoints-colette-kress-as-chief-financial-officer]</ref> ke motsamaisi wa kgwebo wa kwa Amerika. Ga jaana ke motlhankedi mogolo wa matlotlo (CFO) wa Nvidia. <ref>John, Steven (12 April 2025). "Who is Colette Kress? Meet the Nvidia CFO who has overseen the chipmaker's meteoric rise". ''businessinsider.com''. Retrieved 16 November [https://www.businessinsider.com/colette-kress 2025]</ref> Badiri ba gagwe ba ba fetileng ba akaretsa Microsoft, Cisco, le Texas Instruments.<ref name=":0">"Colette Kress". ''nvidia.com''. Retrieved 11 November [https://nvidianews.nvidia.com/bios/colette-kress 20]</ref> Go tloga ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa 2025, Forbes e fopholetsa gore madi a gagwe a ka nna $1 billion. == Botshelo le thuto == Kress o na le dikerii ya bachelor go tswa kwa Yunibesithing ya Arizona le Master of Business Administration (MBA) degree go tswa kwa Southern Methodist University Cox School of Business.<ref name=":0" /> == Tiro == Kress o ne a dira ditiro tse di farologaneng kwa Texas Instruments kwa tshimologong ya tiro ya gagwe. O ne a bereka dingwaga di feta lesome kwa Microsoft. O ne a le CFO wa Server le Tools Division kwa Microsoft ka dingwaga di le nne.<ref>Lilly, Paul (17 September 2013). "NVIDIA Appoints Former Cisco and Microsoft Exec as New CFO". ''hothardware.com''. Retrieved 12 November 2025.[https://hothardware.com/news/nvidia-appoints-former-cisco-and-microsoft-exec-as-new-cfo]</ref>Morago ga Microsoft, o ne a dira kwa Cisco jaaka CFO wa Business Technology le Operations Finance.<ref name=":1">McEntegart, Jane (18 September 2013). "Nvidia Appoints New CFO After Two-year Search". ''tomshardware''. Retrieved 12 November [https://www.tomshardware.com/news/nvidia-cfo-colette-kress,24278.html 2025]</ref><ref>Estrada, Sheryl (19 June 2024). "Nvidia's CFO has been 'instrumental' in success and 'key to Jensen's vision,' top analyst says". ''fortune.com''. Retrieved 16 November 2025.[https://fortune.com/2024/06/19/nvidia-cfo-instrumental-success-key-jensen-vision/]</ref> Kress o ne a tsenela Nvidia jaaka CFO ya yone ka ngwaga wa 2013.<ref name=":1" /> O ne a tlhophiwa jaaka CFO wa Ngwaga wa 2016 ke Silicon Valley Business Journal, kgatiso ya American City Business Journals. <ref>Stangel, Luke (2 December 2016). "CFO of the Year 2016: Colette Kress of Nvidia". ''bizjournals.com''. Retrieved 16 November 2025.[https://www.bizjournals.com/sanjose/news/2016/12/02/cfo-of-the-year-2016-colette-kress-of-nvidia.html]</ref> Kress mmogo le mookamedi wa thekiso ya Nvidia Jay Puri jaanong ke dibilioneire.<ref>Carson, Biz (30 July 2025). "Nvidia's Billionaire Ranks Expand to Include CFO, Sales Chief". ''bloomberg.com''. Retrieved 14 November 2025.[https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2025-07-29/nvidia-s-billionaire-ranks-expand-to-include-cfo-sales-chief]</ref>Nvidia e ne e na le babeeletsi le batsamaisi ba dibilione ba le supa ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2025 fa tlhotlhwa ya Nvidia e ne e tlhatlogela kwa godimo ga $200, go ya ka Forbes. <ref>Garcia, Emily (11 November 2025). "Nvidia Loses 2 Billionaires Amid Softbank-Led Selloff". ''forbes.com''. Retrieved 15 November [https://www.forbes.com/sites/emilygarcia/2025/11/11/nvidia-loses-2-billionaires-amid-softbank-led-selloff/ 2025]</ref> Kress ke mongwe wa dibilioneire tsa CFOs/ba-CFO ba maloba ba ba akaretsang Safra Catz wa Oracle le John Reece wa Ineos.<ref>Zaki, Adam (30 July 2025). "Nvidia's CFO crosses billion-dollar net worth mark". ''cfo.com''. Retrieved 16 November [https://www.cfo.com/news/nvidia-cfo-colette-kress-crosses-billion-dollar-net-worth-mark/756284/ 2025]</ref> O ne a le mo maemong a bo 44 mo lenaaneng la Fortune la Basadi ba ba Maatla go Gaisa ka ngwaga wa 2025.<ref>"Most Powerful Women". ''fortune.com''. Retrieved 16 November [https://fortune.com/ranking/most-powerful-women/ 2025]</ref> Kress o ne a le mo maemong a bo 55 mo Forbes World's Most Powerful Women 2024 List.<ref>Forbes, Moira; McGrath, Maggie; Sairam, Erin Spencer; Burho, Erika (11 December 2024). "The World's Most Powerful Women". ''forbes.com''. Retrieved 16 November [https://web.archive.org/web/20260118132340/https://www.forbes.com/lists/power-women/ 2025]</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Kress o nyetswe ke David Kress mme o na le barwa ba le babedi. O nna kwa Saratoga, California.<ref name=":0" /> == Metswedi == newjmz1k81rzmwuvjwegkw917i4p3xk 0 12022 55344 48605 2026-09-23T04:38:13Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55344 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dame Donna Langley-Shamshiri DBE''' (o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa 1968) <ref>''Donna Langley''. In: bfi.org.uk, Access date October 10, 2020.[https://web.archive.org/web/20200507142249/https://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2bbdb7d4bb]</ref><ref name=":0">"BBC Radio 4 - Desert Island Discs, Dame Donna Langley, film studio executive". ''BBC''. 15 October 2023. Retrieved 15 October [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/m001rgvc 2023]</ref> ke motsamaisi wa baesekopo wa kwa Boritane yo e leng modulasetilo wa Universal Pictures le Universal Filmed Entertainment Group le Chief Content Officer.<ref>"Donna Langley". ''[https://www.forbes.com/profile/donna-langley/ Forbes]''</ref><ref>"Universal's Donna Langley Unveils Executive Team". ''The Hollywood Reporter''. 31 January 2019. Retrieved 22 November 2019.[https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/universal-s-donna-langley-unveils-new-executive-team-1181694/]</ref> == Tiro == Fa a sena go fudugela kwa Los Angeles mme a dira jaaka molebedi wa dijo, Langley o ne a nna mothusi wa motsamaisi wa batho ba ba nang le bokgoni. Moragonyana fela ga foo, Langley o ne a kopana le Michael De Luca yo o neng a mo naya tiro ya go nna motsamaisi wa go gatisa kwa New Line Cinema. Ka ngwaga wa 2001, o ne a nna motlatsa-Tautona yo mogolo wa tsa tlhagiso kwa Universal Pictures. Morago o ne a tlhatlosediwa go nna Modulasetilo wa Universal Pictures ka ngwaga wa 2013, Modulasetulo wa Universal Filmed Entertainment Group ka ngwaga wa 2019, le Modulasetulo wa NBCUniversal Studio Group le Chief Content Officer ka ngwaga wa 2023. Langley ke mongwe wa baokamedi ba ba nang le lobaka lo loleele ba studio mo hisitoring ya Hollywood.<ref>Alexandra Cheney (26 January 2014). "Donna Langley's Star Rises With Enlarged Role at Universal Pictures". ''Variety''. Retrieved 15 August [https://variety.com/2014/film/news/donna-langleys-star-rises-with-enlarged-role-at-universal-pictures-1201069580/ 2015]</ref> Ka nako ya gagwe kwa Universal, Langley o ne a okamela Fast & Furious, Despicable Me, le Bourne. O itsege ka go nna le dikamano tse di tiileng le batlhami ba difilimi le bakwadi.<ref name=":1">Ramsay, Derek (7 October 2017). "Donna Langley". ''Variety''. Retrieved 22 November 2019.[https://variety.com/exec/donna-langley/]</ref> Langley o ne a tshegetsa tiro ya ga Jordan Peele ya go nna motsamaisi wa ntlha, Get Out, le go latela ga gagwe, Us and Nope.<ref name=":2">Donnelly, Matt; Brent Lang (6 July 2023). "What Donna Langley's Promotion Means for the Future of NBCUniversal". ''Variety''. Retrieved 15 October 2023.[https://variety.com/2023/film/news/donna-langley-promotion-future-of-nbcuniversal-1235663383/]</ref>Langley gape o ne a akgelwa ka go thapa motsamaisi Christopher Nolan go ya Universal go tswa Warner Bros. Filimi ya gagwe ya Oppenheimer e ne ya tsenngwa mo lenaaneng la dikatlego tsa Langley ka ngwaga wa 2023, morago ga M3GAN, Cocaine Bear, le The Super Mario Bros. Baesekopo.<ref>Lee, Chris (24 July 2023). "I am Become ''Barbenheimer'', Destroyer of Box Office Records". ''Vulture''. Retrieved 15 October [https://www.vulture.com/2023/07/barbie-vs-oppenheimer-box-office-explained.html 2023]</ref> Tiro ya gagwe e akaretsa go okamela karolo ya lefatshe ka bophara, Focus Features, mmogo le di studio tsa ditshwantshiso tsa Illumination le DreamWorks Animation, ya bofelo e rekilwe ke Universal ka ngwaga wa 2016.<ref name=":1" /><ref>"Donna Langley". ''NBCUniversal''. Retrieved 14 June 2025.[https://www.nbcuniversal.com/leadership/donna-langley]</ref>Karolo ya ga Langley e ne ya atolosiwa ka 2023; jaaka Mookamedi wa Diteng, ga a ikarabele fela ka go okamela filimi ya Universal, mme gape le ka thelebišene ya khampani le leano la kgaso.<ref name=":2" /> Mo tirong ya gagwe yotlhe, o tshegeditse ditshono tsa go ruta basadi. <ref name=":3">Forbes, Moira (20 December 2018). "Movie Mogul Donna Langley On Breaking Barriers And Box Office Records". ''Forbes''. Retrieved 22 November 2019.[https://www.forbes.com/sites/moiraforbes/2018/12/20/movie-mogul-donna-langley-on-breaking-barriers-and-box-office-records/]</ref>Langley o thusitse go simolola The Hollywood Reporter's Women in Film Mentorship program.<ref name=":4">"Donna Langley". ''Global Ambassadors''. Retrieved 22 November [https://web.archive.org/web/20240421162654/https://www.global-ambassadors.org/people/donna-langley/ 2019]</ref>O direla gape jaaka moemedi le leloko la boto ya Vital Voices e e sa direng poelo.<ref>"Donna Langley". ''Vital Voices''. Retrieved 22 November 2019.[https://www.vitalvoices.org/programs/fellows/]</ref> Langley o ne a tlhophiwa go nna Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) ka ngwaga o mosha wa 2020 ka ntlha ya ditirelo tsa gagwe mo difiliming le boitlosobodutu. <ref>"No. 62866". ''The London Gazette'' (Supplement). 28 December 2019. p. N23.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_London_Gazette]</ref><ref>Ritman, Alex (13 July 2022). "Universal Boss Donna Langley Made a Dame by Prince Charles". ''The Hollywood Reporter''. Retrieved 23 June 2023.[https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/donna-langley-dame-prince-charles-1235179626/]</ref> == Go amogelwa == Forbes o ne a mo baya mo maemong a bo 57 a basadi ba ba maatla go gaisa mo lefatsheng ka ngwaga wa 2023. <ref>"The World's Most Powerful Women 2023". ''Forbes''.[https://web.archive.org/web/20260118132340/https://www.forbes.com/lists/power-women/]</ref>The Hollywood Reporter ka metlha e baya Donna mo gare ga basadi ba ba maatla le batsamaisi kwa Hollywood, go akaretsa go mo kwala jaaka "mosadi yo o kwa godimo wa motsamaisi wa baesekopo" ka ngwaga wa 2024. Gape o ne a balwa mo lenaaneng la batho ba ba nang le maatla go gaisa mo lefatsheng ke makasine wa Time.<ref>O'Connell, Mikey (4 December 2024). "The Hollywood Reporter's 2024 Women in Entertainment Power 100". ''Hollywood Reporter''. Retrieved 16 April 2025.[https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lists/most-powerful-women-hollywood-2024/pamela-abdy-3/]</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Langley o ne a thusiwa, mme a golela kwa Isle of Wight.<ref name=":0" /> O ne a tsena kwa Carisbrooke College, mme a nna moithuti kwa Kent College kwa Canterbury.<ref>"Variety500". ''Variety''. Penske Media Corporation. 2022. Retrieved 20 October [https://variety.com/exec/donna-langley/ 202]</ref> O nyetse mme o na le bana ba le babedi, mme o nna kwa Los Angeles le ba lelapa la gagwe.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /> == Metswedi == olb09xzme95jmbrqxpb70el0g2vmavn 0 12036 55339 45145 2026-09-23T03:49:23Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55339 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Debra Ann Crew''' (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole a le masome a mabedi (20) ka ngwaga wa 1970) <ref>"Stanley Black & Decker Reports Acquisition by Director Crew (Connecticut". US Fed News Service. 24 September 2015. Archived from the original on 19 April 2016. Retrieved 15 October [https://web.archive.org/web/20160419003610/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-3815978541.html 2015]</ref><ref name=":0">"Debra Crew". ''CNBC''. 2015. Retrieved 15 October [https://www.cnbc.com/2014/10/06/debra-crew.html 2015]</ref> ke motsamaisi wa kgwebo wa kwa Amerika, yo e neng e le motsamaisi-mogolo wa Diageo go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2023 go ya go ngwaga wa 2025.<ref name=":1">"Diageo names Debra Crew as North American president". ''Food Dive''. Retrieved 2021-03-[https://www.fooddive.com/news/diageo-names-debra-crew-as-north-american-president/575074/ 23]</ref>Ke leloko le e seng la khuduthamaga la Mondelez International, le motsamaisimogolo wa pele wa R. J. Khampani ya Motsoko ya Reynolds. <ref>"Reynolds American". ''Fortune''. Archived from the original on 2017-07-09. Retrieved 2017-06-18.[https://web.archive.org/web/20170709175929/http://fortune.com/fortune500/reynolds-american/]</ref>O ne a kile a nna mo maemong a a kwa godimo a botsamaisi kwa PepsiCo, Mars, Incorporated le Dreyer's. <ref name=":2">"Debra A. Crew, Independent Director". ''Morningstar, Inc.'' 2015. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 15 October [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304102222/http://insiders.morningstar.com/trading/executive-profile.action?PersonId=PS00008Z3G&flag=Director&insider=Debra_Crew&t=XNYS:SWK&region=usa&culture=en-US&cur 2015]</ref><ref name=":3">Sutter, Mark (19 September 2014). "R.J. Reynolds Tobacco names Debra A. Crew as its president". ''Triad Business Journal''. Retrieved 15 October 2015.[https://www.bizjournals.com/triad/blog/morning-edition/2014/09/r-j-reynolds-tobacco-names-debra-a-crew-as-its.html]</ref> == Thuto == Crew o amogetse dikerii ya gagwe ya bachelor kwa Yunibesithing ya Denver, le MBA ya gagwe kwa Yunibesithing ya Chicago Booth School of Business. <ref name=":0" /> == Tiro == O ne a direla United States Army go tloga ka ngwaga wa1993 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa1997 mo lephateng la ditirelo tsa matlhale a sesole, a fitlhelela maemo a go nna mokapotene. <ref name=":2" /> Crew o simolotse tiro ya gagwe ya kgwebo kwa Kraft Foods ka ngwaga wa 1997, kwa a neng a dira ditiro di le mmalwa tsa botsamaisi. Morago ga dingwaga di le supa kwa Kraft, o ne a ya kwa Dreyer's, e leng setlamo se se kafa tlase ga Nestlé, koo a neng a bereka teng go tloga ka 2004 go ya ko ngwaga wa 2008, a tlhatlogela kwa maemong a motlatsa moporesidente wa thekiso, dijo tse di tsididi tse di tsididi. Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2008 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2010 e ne e le manejara-kakaretso le motlhankedi-mogolo wa papatso wa Petcare US, kwa Mars, Incorporated.<ref name=":2" /> Crew o ne a tsenela PepsiCo ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2010 jaaka moporesidente wa kgaolo ya Yuropa Bophirima, <ref name=":2" />e e nang le ntlokgolo kwa Geneva.<ref name=":4">Zmuda, Natalie (16 August 2012). "PepsiCo Taps Debra Crew for New President-Americas Beverages Role". ''Advertising Age''. Retrieved 15 October 2015.[https://adage.com/article/news/pepsico-creates-president-role-americas-beverages/236712/]</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ka ngwaga wa 2012 o ne a rewa leina la maemo a a neng a sa tswa go tlhomiwa a moporesidente wa Pepsico Americas Beverages, a a neng a akaretsa maikarabelo a ditiro tsa Amerika Bokone tsa Gatorade le Tropicana brands, tiro ya Latin America Beverages, tiro ya thekiso ya polokelo ya Amerika Bokone, le setlhopha sa kgwebisano sa kgolo ya dino. <ref name=":4" /> Ka ngwaga wa 2013, Crew o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mo lekgotleng la batsamaisi ba Stanley Black & Decker.<ref>Migoya, David (12 June 2013). "DU alum Debra Crew named to Black & Decker board". ''The Denver Post''. Retrieved 15 October 2015.[https://www.denverpost.com/2013/12/06/du-alum-debra-crew-named-to-black-decker-board/]</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ngwaga wa 2014 o ne a bidiwa moporesidente le motsamaisimogolo wa PepsiCo North America Nutrition.<ref name=":2" /> Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2014 Crew o ne a tlogela PepsiCo go nna moporesidente le motsamaisi wa kgwebo ya R.J. Khampani ya Motsoko ya Reynolds. <ref name=":3" />O ntse a le motsamaisi wa khamphani go tloga ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ngwaga wa 2013.<ref name=":2" /> Phetogo go tswa mo indasetering ya dijo go ya kwa indasetering ya disekerete e ne ya gakgamatsa babogedi, mmogo le nako, ka gonne o ne a eteletse pele PepsiCo's North America Nutrition ka dikgwedi di le pedi fela. <ref name=":0" />Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ngwaga wa 2015 sereto sa gagwe se ne sa fetolwa go nna moporesidente le motlhankedi yo mogolo wa tiragatso, koo a neng a okamela $8.6 billion ya khamphane e e lekanyeditsweng go $10.7 billion mo thekisong ya morago ga tshwaragano.<ref name=":5">"Debra Crew, 45". ''Fortune''. 2016. Archived from the original on 4 June 2017. Retrieved 18 June [https://web.archive.org/web/20170604231428/http://fortune.com/most-powerful-women/debra-crew-47/ 2017]</ref><ref>Covington, Owen (14 September 2015). "R.J. Reynolds Tobacco's Debra Crew adding COO to title". ''Triad Business Journal''. Retrieved 15 October 2015.[https://www.bizjournals.com/austin/bizwomen/news/latest-news/2015/09/r-j-reynolds-tobaccos-debra-crew-adding-coo-to.html]</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e thola bongwe (1) ngwaga wa 2017 Crew o ne a nna motsamaisi-mogolo wa Reynolds American, a tsaya maemo a ga Susan Cameron.<ref>Arcieri, Katie (20 October 2016). "Meet Debra Crew, soon to be Reynolds American's CEO". ''www.bizjournals.com''. Retrieved 2017-06-18.[https://www.bizjournals.com/triad/news/2016/10/20/meet-debra-crew-soon-to-be-reynolds-americans-ceo.html]</ref>E ne e le mongwe wa basadi ba le mmalwa ba e neng e le batsamaisi ba bagolo ba khampani e kgolo ya motsoko ya Amerika. <ref>Yuk, Pan Kwan (19 October 2016). "Reynolds American names Debra Crew as new CEO". ''Financial Times''. Retrieved 2017-06-18.[https://www.ft.com/content/d3e00f16-ae48-338a-a59f-8e13ba7461bc?mhq5j=e1]</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2019, Crew o ne a tlhophiwa go nna motsamaisi yo e seng motsamaisi mo lekgotleng la Diageo. Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2020, o ne a tsaya maemo a ga Deirdre Mahlan jaaka moporesidente wa Diageo North America.<ref name=":1" /> Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e thola bongwe (1) ka ngwaga wa 2023, Crew o ne a tlhophiwa go nna motsamaisimogolo wa Diageo, a nna mosadi wa ntlha go tsaya maemo ao. <ref>Vardon, Elena; Susin, Michael (2023-03-28). "Guinness Maker Diageo Appoints Its First Female CEO". ''Wall Street Journal''. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 2023-09-[https://www.wsj.com/articles/guinness-maker-diageo-appoints-its-first-female-ceo-a20b2860 20]</ref><ref>"Sir Ivan Menezes to retire from Diageo; Debra Crew to be appointed Chief Executive Officer". ''www.diageo.com''. Retrieved 2023-09-[https://www.diageo.com/en/news-and-media/press-releases/2023/sir-ivan-menezes-to-retire-from-diageo-debra-crew-to-be-appointed-chief-executive-officer 20]</ref><ref>Shah, Oliver (2024-06-16). "I worked in military intelligence — now I'm determined to fix Diageo's problems". ''The Times''. Retrieved 2024-06-[https://www.thetimes.com/uk/article/debra-crew-was-a-military-agent-now-shes-fixing-diageos-problems-k76rwz8dq 16]</ref> O ne a rola tiro "ka tumalano" ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2025.<ref>"Diageo announces CEO departure and succession plan". ''www.diageo.com''. Retrieved 2025-11-[https://www.diageo.com/en/news-and-media/press-releases/2025/diageo-announces-ceo-departure-and-succession-plan 10]</ref> == Ditlotlo le go tlotlomadiwa == O ne a bidiwa mo lenaaneng la Fortune la Basadi ba le 50 ba ba Maatla mo Kgwebong ka ngwaga wa 2014 le ka ngwaga wa 2015. Crew o ne a bidiwa ka makgetlo a le mane mo lenaaneng la makasine wa Fortune la 50 Most Powerful Women in Business, a le mo maemong a bo masome a mane le bonne (44 )ka 2014, masome a mane le borataro <ref>Fairchild, Caroline; Kowitt, Beth; Leahey, Colleen; VanderMey, Anne (2014). "The Most Powerful Women in Business". ''Fortune''. Retrieved 15 October [https://fortune.com/ranking/most-powerful-women/2014/debra-crew-44/ 2015]</ref>( 46) ka ngwaga wa 2015, bo masome a mane le bosupa( 47) ka ngwaga wa 2016 le bo masome a mararo le bonne (34 ka) ngwaga wa 2017.<ref name=":5" /> Ka ngwaga wa 2023, o ne a le mo maemong a bo 79 mo lenaaneng la Forbes la "Basadi ba le 100 ba ba maatla go gaisa mo Lefatsheng" le la bo 65 mo lenaaneng la Fortune la Basadi ba ba Maatla go Gaisa.<ref>"Most Powerful Women". ''[https://fortune.com/ranking/most-powerful-women/ Fortune]''</ref><ref>"The World's Most Powerful Women 2023". ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20260118132340/https://www.forbes.com/lists/power-women/ Forbes]''</ref> == Metswedi == bsbeyow88buqwsi9ouz753e6z0igd05 0 12037 55358 50011 2026-09-23T06:32:00Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55358 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Güler Sabancı''' (o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa 1955) ke mosadi wa kgwebo wa kwa Turkey, leloko la boraro la lelapa la Sabancı, le modulasetulo wa pele wa lelapa le le laolang Sabancı Holding,<ref name=":0">"10 Global leaders - 7. Guler Sabanci (7) - FORTUNE". ''CNN''. 29 September 2010. Retrieved 12 November [https://web.archive.org/web/20210506205710/https://money.cnn.com/galleries/2010/fortune/1009/gallery.most_powerful_women_global.fortune/7.html 2012]</ref> e leng khamphane ya bobedi e kgolo ya madirelo le ya madi kwa Turkey.<ref name=":1">"Guler Sabanci - Forbes". ''forbes.com''. Retrieved 12 November [https://www.forbes.com/profile/guler-sabanci/ 2012]</ref> Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2023, o ne a le mo lenaaneng la bo77 la basadi ba ba maatla go gaisa mo lefatsheng ka Forbes, e e neng ya mmona la ntlha ka ngwaga wa 1999.<ref name=":2">"The World's 100 Most Powerful Women". ''Forbes''. Retrieved 26 June [https://web.archive.org/web/20260118132340/https://www.forbes.com/lists/power-women/#tab:overall 2014]</ref><ref>Rossant, Juliette (5 July 1999). "Turkey's Tire Queen". ''Forbes''. Retrieved 7 December [https://www.forbes.com/forbes/1999/0705/6401190a.html#45f6b4167c90 2019]</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe jwa pele == Güler o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa 1955 kwa Adana, Turkey,<ref>"Güler Sabanci - Munzinger Biographie". ''www.munzinger.de''. Retrieved 2025-08-20.[https://www.munzinger.de/register/portrait/biographien/_/00/000025229]</ref> e le morwadia İhsan Sabancı le mosadi wa gagwe Yüksel. Morago ga go fetsa sekolo se segolwane kwa TED Ankara College kwa Ankara, o ne a rutwa tsamaiso ya kgwebo kwa Boğaziçi University kwa Istanbul.<ref>"Sabancı Holding Yönetim Kurulu Başkanı Güler Sabancı kimdir? Güler Sabancı'nın kariyeri? Güler Sabancı kaç yaşında?". ''www.konhaber.com'' (in Turkish). Retrieved 2025-08-[https://www.konhaber.com/guncel/sabanci_holding_yonetim_kurulu_baskani_guler_sabanci_kimdir_guler_sabanci_nin_kariyeri_guler_sabanci_kac_yasinda-1963653h 20]</ref> == Tiro == Ka ngwaga wa 1978, o ne a simolola tiro ya gagwe ya seporofešenale kwa LasSA, e leng khampani e e dirang dithaere e e leng ya lelapa kwa Kocaeli Province. O ne a tlhophiwa go nna manejara wa kakaretso wa KordSA, maemo a a neng a a tshwere dingwaga di le 14.<ref name=":0" /> Moragonyana, o ne a nna leloko la boto ya batsamaisi kwa Sabancı Holding, a eteletse pele setlhopha sa dithaere le didiriswa tsa go thatafatsa, mmogo le go nna le maikarabelo a badiri. <ref name=":1" /> Güler Sabancı e ne e le modulasetilo le motsamaisi wa Sabancı Holding.<ref>"Güler Sabanci". ''forbes.com''. Retrieved 16 August 2018.[https://www.forbes.com/profile/guler-sabanci/]</ref>Ke moporesidente wa motheo wa Yunibesiti ya Sabancı mme gape o dira jaaka modulasetulo wa Musiamo wa Sakip Sabancı <ref>Sakıp Sabancı Museum Archived 2014-01-06 at the Wayback [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Machine]]</ref> le modulasetulo wa boto ya batlhokomedi ba Sabancı Foundation, motheo o o eteletseng pele wa poraefete kwa Turkey. Ke ene leloko la ntlha le le nosi la mosadi la European Round Table of Industrialists (ERT). <ref>"Members - European Round Table of Industrialists". ''www.ert.eu''. Retrieved 16 August 2018.[https://ert.eu/members/]</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2013, o ne a bidiwa wa bobedi mo go Fortune's 50 Most Powerful Women in Business (kwa ntle ga USA).<ref name=":3">"Fortune's 50 Most Powerful Women in Business (outside USA)". ''cnn.com''. Retrieved 16 August 2018.[https://web.archive.org/web/20131224005432/http://money.cnn.com/gallery/leadership/2013/10/10/international-50-most-powerful-women.fortune/2.html]</ref>O amogetse dikgele di le mmalwa ka ntlha ya go direla ba bangwe molemo le go nna moeteledipele go akaretsa le David Rockefeller Bridging Leadership Award,Clinton Global Citizen Award,<ref name=":4">"Hürriyet Daily News". ''Hürriyet Daily News''. Retrieved 16 August [https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/ 2018]</ref>Raymond Georis Innovative Philanthropist Award <ref name=":5">"Daily Sabah - Latest & Breaking News from Turkey - Istanbul". ''english.sabah.com.tr''. Retrieved 16 August [https://www.dailysabah.com/ 2018]</ref> le European School of Management Responsible Leadership Award.<ref name=":6">European School of Management Responsible Leadership [https://web.archive.org/web/20120509205023/http://mitsloan.mit.edu/corporate/pdf/gulersabanc%C4%B1.pdf Award]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2012, Sabancı o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la lekgotla la United Nations Global Compact, lekgotla le le kwa godimo la dikgakololo la UN le le akaretsang kgwebo, setšhaba sa baagi, mekgatlho ya badiri le ya bathapi.<ref name=":7">"Secretary-General Appoints New Global Compact Board Members, Strengthens Focus on Business Engagement". United Nations Global Compact. April 19, 2012. Retrieved April 20, [https://unglobalcompact.org/news/210-04-19-2012 2012]</ref> O kwadisitswe jaaka mosadi wa bo 76 wa maatla go gaisa mo lefatsheng ke Forbes ka ngwaga wa 2022 le wa bo 77 ka ngwaga wa 2023.<ref name=":2" /><ref>"The World's Most Powerful Women 2023". ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20260118132340/https://www.forbes.com/lists/power-women/ Forbes]''</ref> Ke leloko la Trilateral Commission.<ref>"Global Members". ''The Trilateral Commission''. Retrieved 2025-09-19.[https://www.trilateral.org/north-american-region/]</ref> == Dikgele, le di-dithutego tsa tlotlo == * 2023 European Sustainability Award – Prix Film4Climate<ref>"Güler Sabancı to receive the European Sustainability Award – Prix Film4Climate". Cineuropa. 2023-11-28. Retrieved 2023-11-[https://cineuropa.org/it/newsdetail/453203 30]</ref> * ''Fortune''<nowiki/>'s 50 Most Powerful Women in Business (outside USA) <ref name=":3" /> * David Rockefeller Bridging Leadership Award<ref name=":4" /> * Clinton Global Citizen Award<ref name=":5" /> * Raymond Georis Innovative Philanthropist Award <ref name=":6" /> * European School of Management Responsible Leadership Award<ref name=":7" /> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Sabancı ga a bue thata ka botshelo jwa gagwe, ka maikaelelo o ne a didimala ka dikamano tsa gagwe. <ref>Anderson, Becky. "How Turkey's business superwoman steers empire in man's world". ''cnn.com''. Retrieved 16 August 2018.[https://edition.cnn.com/2013/01/25/business/guler-sabanci-turkey-business/index.html]</ref> Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2021, o ne a ratana le Eda Taşpınar.<ref>GazeteMAG (2021-02-08). "ŞOK! Güler Sabancı ile Eda Taşpınar aşk yaşıyor –". ''GazeteMAG'' (in Turkish). Retrieved 2022-07-16.[https://www.gazetemag.com/sok-guler-sabanci-ile-eda-taspinar-ask-yasiyor/]</ref><ref>"Güler Sabancı ile aşk yaşayan Eda Taşpınar'dan sahilde yürek hoplatan poz!". ''Habererk, Güncel Son Dakika Haberleri'' (in Turkish). Retrieved 2022-07-[[:en:Güler_Sabancı#cite_note-Forbes14-3|16]]</ref> k2jdwyy0g6vnu05ii80jwc3lmsiqg0t 0 12069 55338 46780 2026-09-23T03:46:06Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55338 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Daniela Sofia Korn Ruah Olsen''' (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e thola bobedi (2) ka ngwaga wa 1983) <ref>"Daniela Ruah profile". TVGuide.com. Archived from the original on April 3, 2016. Retrieved July 29, 2016.[https://web.archive.org/web/20200923115536/https://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/daniela-ruah/297628/]</ref>ke motshameki wa difilimi wa Moamerika-wa-Portugal le motsamaisi wa difilimi yo o itsegeng thata ka go tshameka karolo ya NCIS Special Agent Kensi Blye mo motseletseleng wa sepodisi wa CBS wa NCIS: Los Angeles. == Botshelo jwa gagwe jwa pele == Ruah o tsholetswe kwa Boston, U.S., ke batsadi ba Bajuta ba ba tswang kwa Portugal,<ref name=":0">Henerson, Evan (November 8, 2012). "Film Fest celebrates Sephardim". ''Jewish Journal''. Archived from the original on August 29, 2016. Retrieved March 1, [https://web.archive.org/web/20171001165718/http://jewishjournal.com/arts/article/film_fest_celebrates_sephardim 2015]</ref> koo mmaagwe e leng ngaka ya ditsebe le rraagwe e leng ngaka ya ENT.<ref name=":0" /> Fa Ruah a ne a le dingwaga di le tlhano, lelapa la gaabo le ne la boela kwa Portugal, kwa a neng a tsena sekolo sa St Julian's School, mme fa a le dingwaga di le lesome le borataro (16) o ne a simolola go tshameka mo thelebisheneng.<ref name=":1">Sancton, Julian (August 8, 2011). "Daniela Ruah Officially Checks In". ''Esquire''. Archived from the original on June 17, 2016. Retrieved April 11, [https://www.esquire.com/entertainment/interviews/a10683/daniela-ruah-pictures-0911/ 2012]</ref> O ne a fenya kgaisano ya go bina ya thelebišene ya kwa [[Portugal]].<ref name=":0" /> Ruah o ne a fudugela kwa UK a le dingwaga di le lesome le boferabobedi (18) mme a bona dikerii ya Bachelor of Arts mo go tsa go tshameka kwa London Metropolitan University. <ref name=":2">"Hollywood movie and major LA pilot for London Met graduate". London Metropolitan University. October 19, 2009. Archived from the original on October 24, 2009. Retrieved February 28, [https://web.archive.org/web/20091024213228/http://www.londonmet.ac.uk/news/latest-news/october-2009/hollywood-movie-and-major-la-pilot-for-london-met-graduate.cfm 2015]</ref>O ne a boela kwa Portugal koo a neng a tswelela go tshameka, mme ka 2007 o ne a fudugela kwa New York City go ya go ithuta kwa Lee Strasberg Theatre and Film Institute.<ref name=":2" /> Ruah o ne a bolela fa a goletse mo tikologong e e neng e le ya Sephardic le Ashkenazi;<ref name=":0" /> rraagwe ke wa setlogolo sa Sepotokisi-Sejuta, mme mmaagwe ke wa Bajuta ba ba tswang kwa Russia, Ukraine le Portugal.<ref name=":0" />O na le boagi jwa Portugal le jwa Amerika.<ref name=":3">Miller, Gerri (August 28, 2014). "NCIS: Los Angeles' Daniela Ruah on Interfaith Marriage and Motherhood". ''InterfaithFamily.com''. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved March 3, 2015.[https://18doors.org/ncis_daniela_ruah_interfaith_marriage_motherhood/]</ref> == Tiro == Ruah o simolotse go tshameka mo diterameng tsa Sepotokisi fa a ne a le mo dingwageng tsa bolesome. O ne a simolola go tshameka a le dingwaga di le lesome le borataro (16), fa a ne a tshameka karolo ya ga Sara mo seraleng sa Jardins Proibidos ("Tshaba e e Thibetsweng").<ref>"IMDB Daniela Ruah". ''IMDb''. Retrieved April 22, 2016.[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2079733/]</ref> Fa Ruah a na le dingwaga di le lesome le boferabobedi (18), o ne a fudugela kwa Lontone go ya go ithuta kwa kholetšheng. Fa a sena go aloga, o ne a boela kwa Portugal go ya go dira tiro ya gagwe ya go nna motshameki wa diterama. O ne a fenya kgaisano ya go bina ya batho ba ba tumileng ya Dança Comigo (phetolelo ya Sepotokisi ya Dancing with the Stars) <ref name=":0" /><ref>Gostin, Nicki (February 29, 2012). "Meet the 'NCIS:LA' star who won 'Dancing' in another country". ''CNN''. Retrieved March 9, [https://edition.cnn.com/2012/02/29/showbiz/tv/daniela-ruah-ncis-gostin 2015]</ref> mme a nna le seabe se segolo mo thelebišeneng, mo difiliming tse dikhutshwane le mo thelebišeneng. <ref name=":4">Ventura, Maria Ana (November 1, 2011). "Daniela Ruah – Shoot for the stars". ''UP Magazine''. Archived from the original on February 11, 2017. Retrieved September 17, 2013.[https://web.archive.org/web/20170211145559/http://upmagazine-tap.com/en/pt_artigos/daniela-ruah-shoot-for-the-stars/]</ref>Ka ngwaga wa 2007, o ne a fudugela kwa New York go ya go ithuta kwa Lee Strasberg Theatre and Film Institute.<ref name=":4" /> Ruah o ne a tshameka karolo ya Special Agent Kensi Blye mo NCIS: Los Angeles, e e neng ya gasiwa la ntlha ka kgwedi ya Lwetse a le masome a mabedi le bobedi (22), ka ngwaga wa 2009. Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tshameka moanelwa yo o neng a tlhagelela mo thelebišeneng ya Hawaii Five-0.<ref>Gonzalez, Sandra (September 7, 2011). "'NCIS: LA' exec producer spills on Kensi's trip to 'Hawaii Five-0', possibility of another crossover". ''Entertainment Weekly''. Retrieved September 17, 2013.[https://web.archive.org/web/20231006082547/https://ew.com/hawaii-five-0/]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2013, Ruah o ne a tlhagelela mo terameng ya ga David Auburn ya Proof kwa Los Angeles' Hayworth Theatre.<ref>King, Susan (May 7, 2013). "The Whitmore family will never grow out of this stage". ''Los Angeles Times''. Archived from the original on December 7, 2015. Retrieved July 29, [https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/arts/culture/la-et-cm-whitmore-family-proof20130508-story.html 2016]</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ferekgong a le boferabobedi (8) ka ngwaga wa 2018, go ne ga tlhomamisiwa gore Ruah o tla nna motshwaramogolo wa Eurovision Song Contest 2018 kwa Lisbon, Portugal mmogo le Catarina Furtado, Sílvia Alberto le Filomena Cautela.<ref>"Quatro mulheres apresentam Festival Eurovisão da Canção em Lisboa". ''RTP Notícias'' (in Portuguese). Rádio e Televisão de Portugal. January 8, 2018. Retrieved January 8, 2018.[https://www.rtp.pt/noticias/cultura/quatro-mulheres-apresentam-festival-eurovisao-da-cancao-em-lisboa_n1050725]</ref><ref>"Here come the girls! Presenters of Eurovision 2018 revealed!". ''eurovision.tv''. European Broadcasting Union. Retrieved January 8, 2018.[https://eurovision.tv/story/hosts-for-eurovision-2018-revealed]</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Ruah o na le letshwao le le bonalang mo leitlhong la gagwe la moja, le le bidiwang nevus ya Ota. <ref name=":1" /> Ruah o ne a nyala David Olsen, mogolowe le mogaka wa ga Ruah wa NCIS: Los Angeles, Eric Christian Olsen, mo moletlong wa ditumelo tse di farologaneng ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a le lesome le boferabongwe (19), ka ngwaga wa 2014. Olsen ke Molutere.<ref name=":3" /><ref>Frith, Vanessa (June 19, 2014). "'NCIS: LA' Daniela Ruah & David Olsen Marry". Enstarz.com. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved March 3, [https://www.enstarz.com/articles/39893/20140619/ncis-la-daniela-ruah-david-olsen-marry-new-photo-from-portugal-wedding-video.htm 2015]</ref><ref>Ruah, Daniela [@DanielaRuah] (June 21, 2014). "Just lived the best week of my life; I married my best friend. [...]" (Tweet). Archived from the original on August 10, 2015. Retrieved July 29, 2016 – via Twitter.[https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/instagram/danielaruah/1334334401391479635]</ref>Ba na le ngwana wa mosimane, River Isaac Ruah Olsen (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ale masome a mararo (30),ka ngwaga wa 2013),<ref>Rizzo, Monica (September 16, 2013). "Baby Boy on the Way for Daniela Ruah". ''People''. New York City: Meredith Corporation. Retrieved February 23, [https://people.com/parents/ncis-los-angeles-daniela-ruah-pregnant-expecting-first-child/ 2020]</ref> <ref>Michaud, Sarah; Gomez, Patrick (January 5, 2014). "Daniela Ruah Welcomes Son River Isaac". ''People''. New York City: Meredith Corporation. Retrieved July 29, 2016.[https://people.com/celebrity-parenting/]</ref>le ngwana wa mosetsana, Sierra Esther Ruah Olsen (o tshotswe kakgwedi ya Lwetse e thola bonne (4),ngwaga wa 2016). <ref>Kimble, Lindsay; Michaud, Sarah (September 7, 2016). "Daniela Ruah Welcomes Daughter Sierra Esther". ''People''. New York City: Meredith Corporation. Retrieved February 23, [https://people.com/parents/daniela-ruah-welcomes-daughter-sierra-esther/ 2020]</ref> == Metswedi == 9aks4l8zr5xn6d6gbf1thubp7h4x0xi 0 12497 55290 46389 2026-09-22T19:36:22Z VNGao 10152 55290 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Willa Kenoyer''' ( o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e le lesome le boraro (13) ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe masome a mararo le boraro (1933)a bo a tlhokafala ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e le masome a mabedi le boferabobedi (28) ka ngwaga wa ketepedi le masome a mabedi,2020) e ne e le radipolotiki wa Moamerika wa Lekoko la Bososialise la USA (SPUSA) yo o neng a le ntlhopheng wa go nna Moporesidente wa United States mo ditlhophong tsa boporesidente tsa U.S. tsa ngwaga wa 1988. == Bontlhopheng == SPUSA e ne e se mo pampiring ya ditlhopho ka ngwaga wa 1984 (ditlhopho tse di fetileng) ka ntlha ya go tlhoka kgatlhego mo malokong a yona,<ref>^{[''dead link''][https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=frMOAAAAIBAJ&pg=5833,5062095]}</ref>mme e ne e solofetse fela palogotlhe ya ditlhopho tsa dinomoro di le tlhano, e solofetse go dira botoka mo ngwagakgolong o o latelang, go ya ka modulasetulo Anne Rosenhaft.<ref>"Tired of Bush, Dukakis? 314 others in running". ''The Hour [New London, CT]''. August 29, 1988. p. 2. Retrieved January 17, [https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=7yIiAAAAIBAJ&pg=1315,4707107 2010]</ref> Molekane wa ga Kenoyer wa go taboga e ne e le Ron Ehrenreich; gape ba ne ba taboga mo moleng wa Liberty Union Party (LUP) kwa Vermont, ba fenya Herbert G. Lewin wa Mokgatlho wa Badiri ba Boditšhabatšhaba ka pharologano ya diboutu ya 199–66 mo ditlhophong tsa ntlha tsa LUP, tse masosialise a di dirisang go lekanya maatla a a amanang le matsholo a bone.<ref>"No Vermont Presidential Primary" (PDF). ''Ballot Access News''. '''7''' (4). June 24, 1991.[["No Vermont Presidential Primary" (PDF). Ballot Access News. 7 (4). June 24, 1991.]]</ref>Ba ne ba solofetse go anamisa dikakanyo tsa bona, ba fitlhela ditshwano dingwe le maikaelelo a letsholo la ga Jesse Jackson, ka dipharologano tse di bonalang mabapi le ditheo tsa sesole le tsa botlhodi, mme ba mo pega molato wa gore, go ya ka kakanyo ya bona, o ne a gogela batho ba le bantsi kwa Democratic Party.<ref>"Willa Kenoyer assesses Jackson's candidacy". ''Ludington Daily News''. April 28, 1988. p. 2. Retrieved January 17, 2010.[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qZELAAAAIBAJ&pg=6720,9301380]</ref> Motlhophiwa wa bofelo wa lekoko la Democratic Michael Dukakis le polatefomo ba ne ba kgalwa ke letsholo.<ref>"Socialists strive to get candidates on state ballots". ''The Spokesman-Review''. July 25, 1988. Retrieved January 17, [https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=xx0SAAAAIBAJ&pg=5760,5965922 2010]</ref> Kenoyer le Ehrenreich ba amogetse diboutu di le 3 882 mo ditlhophong.<ref>Freeman, Jo (2008). ''We Will Be Heard: Women's Struggles for Political Power in the United States''. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield. p. 96. ISBN 978-0-7425-5607-2[https://archive.org/details/wewillbeheardwom0000free/page/96/mode/2up]</ref>Ka nako eo o ne a dira jaaka mmegadikgang yo o ikemetseng ka nosi kwa Shelby, Michigan,<ref>"Socialists nominate 2 for '88". ''The Day [New London, CT]''. June 9, 1987. p. A2. Retrieved January 17, 2010.[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Ne0gAAAAIBAJ&pg=3760,1942612]</ref><ref>e.g. "Shelby Complex is Still Vacant" ''Muskegon Chronicle'' August 2, 1981</ref> mme e ne e le modulasetulo-mmogo wa Mokgatlho wa Baagi.<ref>"Writer and Teacher to Head Socialist's Ticket for 1988" New York Times June 9, 1987.[https://www.nytimes.com/1987/06/09/us/writer-and-teacher-to-head-socialist-s-ticket-for-1988.html?pagewanted=1]</ref>E ne e le mme yo o tlhadilweng yo o nang le bana ba le bane yo o neng a ithuta ka bososialise mo go rraagwe, yo e neng e le leloko la Sawmill Workers. Mmaagwe e ne e le leloko la Mokgatlho wa Dikuranta.<ref>"Socialists strive to get candidates on state ballots". ''The Spokesman-Review''. July 25, 1988. Retrieved January 17, 2010.[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=xx0SAAAAIBAJ&pg=5760,5965922]</ref>Pele ga a tsenela ditlhopho tsa go nna Moporesidente, o ne a dira dingwaga di le thataro mo Khomišeneng ya Tlhabololo ya Ikonomi ya Oceana County, Michigan, e a neng a tlhomiwa gape mo go yone ka ngwaga wa 1987.<ref>Brown, Janet (January 9, 1987). "In Oceana County: Commissioners reorganize". ''Lundington Daily News''. p. 3. Retrieved January 17, 2010.[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mLcLAAAAIBAJ&pg=6792,460584]</ref> == Tiro ya moragonyana == Ka ngwaga wa 2004, o ne a tlhomiwa go nna leloko la Boto ya Setheo sa Boipuso jwa Lelapa sa Kgaolo ya Van Buren, kwa Michigan. O ne a tlhomiwa gape ka paka e e neng e tla fela ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2009.<ref>"Udow Announces Local DHS Board Appointments Michigan Department of Human Services. March 30, 2007.[https://www.michigan.gov/som/404]</ref>Kenoyer o tlhokafetse ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e le masome a mabedi le boferabobedi (28) ka ngwaga wa 2020, a le dingwaga di le masome a boferabobedi le botlhano (86).<ref>"Willa Kenoyer Obituary (2020) - Corvallis, OR - Corvallis Gazette-Times". ''Legacy.com''. Retrieved 2024-11-[https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/gazettetimes/name/willa-kenoyer-obituary?id=13504447 26]</ref> == Metswedi == 1oy8k33nihqsg3xj3znd9h1rkxrmjhv 0 12509 55360 51486 2026-09-23T06:38:15Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55360 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Helen Zille|image=Helen Zille in Mpumalanga (cropped).jpg|caption=Zille a etetse [[Mpumalanga]] ka Firikgong 2011|honorific-prefix=Motlotlegi|office=Modulasetilo wa khansele ya [[Democratic Alliance]]|term_start=Phalane a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa 2019|deputy=[[Annelie Lotriet]] [[Thomas Walters]] [[James Masango]] [[Ashor Sarupen]]|leader=[[John Steenhuisen]]|predecessor=[[James Selfe]]|office1=Moeteledipele wa [[Democratic Alliance]]|term_start1=Motsheganong a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa 2007|term_end1=Motsheganong a le malatsi a le lesome ngwaga wa 2019|predecessor1=[[Lynne Brown]]|successor1=[[Alan Winde]]|office2=Mmatoropo wa [[Cape Town]]|term_start2=Mopitlo a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa 2006|term_end2=Moranang a le masome mararo ngwaga wa 2009|deputy2=[[Grant Haskin]]|predecessor2=[[Nomaindiya Mfeketo]]|successor2=[[Grant Haskin]] (a tshwareletse) [[Dan Plato]]|office3=Mopalamente wa [[Aforika Borwa]]|term_start3=Moranang a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa 2004|term_end3=Motsheganong a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa 2006|constituency3=[[Kapa Bophirima]]|office4=Mopalamente wa kgaolo ya [[Kapa Bophirima]]|term_start4=Motsheganong a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa 1999|term_end4=Moranang a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa 2004|office5=Mookamedi wa ditlhaeletsanyo le botsalano le setshaba kwa [[University of Cape Town]]|term_start5=Seetebosigo a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa 1999|term_end5=Moranang a le lesome leboraro ngwaga wa 2004|birth_name=Otta Helene Zille|birth_date=Mopitlo a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa 1951|birth_place=[[Hillbrow]] [[Johannesburg]] [[Transvaal]] [[Aforika Borwa]]|party=[[Democratic Alliance]] (2000 go tsena gompieno)|otherparty=[[Democratic Party]] (pele ga 2000)|spouse=Johann Maree|children=Ba le babedi|residence=[[Cape Town]] [[Kapa Bophirima]] [[ Aforika Borwa]]|alma_mater=[[St Mary's School]] [[Waverley]] [[University of the Witwatersrand]]|occupation=Mopolotiki Molweladitshwanelo|profession=Mmegadikgang|office6=Moeteledipele wa bosupa wa [[Kapa Bophirima]]|term_start7=Motsheganong a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa 2009|term_end7=Motsheganonga le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa 2019|predecessor7=[[Lynne Brown]]|successor7=[[Alan Winde]]}} '''Otta Helene Maree''' (o a neng a fana ka '''Zille''' pele<ref>[https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/zille "Zille".] ''Collins English Dictionary''. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref>, a tshotswe ka Mopitlo a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa 1951), o o itsegeng ka leina la '''Helen Zille''', ke mopolotiki wa kwa [[Aforika Borwa|Aforika Borwa.]] O berekile e le modulasetilo wa khansele ya [[Democratic Alliance]] fa e sale ka Phalane a le masome mabedi ngwaga wa 2019. Go tswa ka 2009 go tsena 2019, e ne e le moeteledipele wa kgaolo ya [[Kapa Bophirima]] mo ditlheng tse pedi tsa dingwaga tse tlhano setlha sengwe le sengwe,<ref>[https://iol.co.za/index.php?art_id=nw20090506124045976C370668 "Applause as Zille secures premiership".] ''IOL''. 6 May 2009. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> gape e le leloko la palamente ya kgaolo ya Kapa Bophirima.<ref>[https://thepost.co.za/?fSectionId=&fArticleId=vn20090430054123852C824587 Zille leaves mayor's post] Archived 30 May 2020 at the Wayback Machine Post. 30 April 2009</ref> O berekile e le moeteledipele wa Democratic Alliance go tswa ka 2007 go tsena 2015 le ele mmatoropo wa toropo ya Kapa go tswa ka 2006 go tsena 2009. Zille o kile a bo e le mmega dikgang le molwela ditshwanelo o o kgatlhanong le puso ya tlhaolele,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210123044835/http://www.earthtimes.org/articles/show/236972,worlds-best-mayor-helen-zille-says-award-a-boon-for-democracy.html "Earth Times: show/236972,worlds-best-mayor-helen-zille-says-award-a-boon-for-democracy.html"]. ''www.earthtimes.org''. Archived from the original on 23 January 2021. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120614053923/http://www.sahistory.org.za/people/helen-zille "Helen Zille"]. Archived from the original on 14 June 2012. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref><ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7998328.stm "Profile: Helen Zille".] ''BBC News''. 15 April 2009. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> e ne e le mongwe wa babegadikgang ba ba neng ba upulola go fitlhiwa ga loso lwa moeteledipele wa lekgotla la [[Black Consciousness]] [[Steve Biko]] fa a berekela ''Rand Daily Mail'' ka dingwaga tsa 1970.<ref name=":0">[https://iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&click_id=6&art_id=vn20070909111739807C780534 "Steve Biko's legacy lives on – Zille".]</ref> O berekile gape le Black Sash le ditlhopha tse dingwe tse di neng di lwela puso ya batho la batho ka dingwaga tsa 1980. Zille o bua diteme tsa English, [[Seburu|Afrikaans]],[[Xhosa]] le [[German]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090802172056/http://www.whoswhosa.co.za/Pages/profilefull.aspx?IndID=3528 "Helen Zille Biography".] Archived from the original on 2 August 2009.</ref> Morago ga go tswa ga gagwe mo boeteledingpele ka Motsheganong 2019, o ne a tsena mo South African Institute of Race Relations e le moithutuntshi wa molao ka Phukwi 2019 le ntswa a ne a emisa go ithuta ka nakwana ka Phalane 2019.<ref>[https://www.sowetan.co.za/news/south-africa/2019-07-28-helen-zille-joins-the-institute-of-race-relations-as-senior-policy-fellow/ "Helen Zille joins the Institute of Race Relations as senior policy fellow".] ''SowetanLIVE & Sunday World''. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> O simolotse lenaneo la podcast la gagwe la ''Tea with Helen'', ka Phatwe 2019.<ref>Boonzaaier, Dawie (18 August 2019). [https://www.netwerk24.com/Nuus/Politiek/zille-wil-max-takel-en-almal-kan-luister-20190817 "Zille wil Max takel – en almal kan luister".] ''Netwerk24'' (in Afrikaans). Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> Zille o itsisitse setshaba ka maikaelelo a gagwe a go emela ditlhopho tsa mmatoropo wa Johannesburg.<ref>[https://www.economist.com/middle-east-and-africa/2025/07/31/helen-zille-wants-to-save-south-africa-starting-in-johannesburg "Helen Zille wants to save South Africa, starting in Johannesburg".] ''The Economist''. [[:en:ISSN|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:0013-0613 0013-0613]. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref><ref>[https://www.enca.com/dancorder/will-helen-zille-win-joburg-mayor-race "Will Helen Zille Win Joburg Mayor Race? - eNCA".] ''www.enca.com''. 4 September 2025. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> == Botshelo jwa a le mmotlana le tiro == === Botshelo kwa gagwe jwa pele, thuto le lolwapa === Hellen Zille o tsholetswe kwa [[Hillbrow]], Johannesburg, e le ngwana o motona wa batsadi ba ba neng ba tswa kwa [[Germany]] ba se mmogo ka dingwaga tsa 1930, go leka go tila dipolao tsa Nazi ka rraagwemogolo mo lotlhakoreng lwa ga mmaagwe, mmagwemogolo mo lotlhakoreng lwa ga rragwe e ne e le BaJuta.<ref>Schneider, Moira. [https://www.sajr.co.za/news-and-articles/2016/11/23/zille-s-jewish-roots-strike-a-poignant-note-at-book-launch Zille’s Jewish roots strike a poignant note at book launch] [https://web.archive.org/web/20191029150239/https://www.sajr.co.za/news-and-articles/2016/11/23/zille-s-jewish-roots-strike-a-poignant-note-at-book-launch Archived] 29 October 2019 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]], ''South African Jewish Report'', 23 November 2016. Retrieved on 09 December 2025</ref> Go ne go dumelwa fa Zille e le setlogolwana sa motaki wa kwa Berlin [[Heinrich Zille]]. O file dikai tse di tsamaelanang le se ka ga ene mo ditsong mme a di boela morago mo bukeng ya botshelo jwa gagwe e a e gatisitseng ka 2016<ref>Helen Zille: Not Without a Fight, Cape Town 2016, S. 19–20 (<nowiki>ISBN 978-1-77609-042-6</nowiki>).</ref>. Moitseanape wa losika wa kwa Berlin Martina Rhode o ne a kwadile pele gore go na le tlhakatlhakano mo makwalong a ga malomaagwe Heinrich gareng ga batho ba leina le le tshwanang mme ba tsholetswe kwa mafelong a a farologaneng le malatsi a bone a botsalo a farologana.<ref>[https://db-brandenburg.de/?page_id=1668 "Der Berliner Pinselheinrich (Heinrich Zille) – Brandenburg – Datenbank".] ''db-brandenburg.de''.</ref> Mmaagwe e ne e le moithaopi mo ofising ya Black Sash.<ref>[http://www.worldmayor.com/contest_2008/world-mayor-2008-zille.html "Cape Town Mayor Helen Zille questioned by an international audience".] worldmayor.com. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> Fa lolwapa lwa gagwe lo nna kwa [[Rivonia]], o ne a ithuta kwa [[Johannesburg]] kwa sekolong sa St. Mary's, [[Waverley]], sengwe sa dikolo tse di ikemetseng tsa toropo eo.<ref>Bronkhorst, Quinton. [https://businesstech.co.za/news/trending/70063/most-expensive-schools-in-south-africa/ "Most expensive schools in South Africa".] ''businesstech.co.za''. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> O tsene sekolo kwa [[University of the Witwatersrand]], kwa a neng a aloga ka Bachelor of Arts Degree. Ka ngwaga wa 1969, o ne a nna leloko la Young Progressives, lekgotla  la banana la phathi e e gololesegileng ebile e le kgatlhanong le puso ya tlhaolele ya [[Progressive Party]].<ref>[https://www.politicsweb.co.za/politics/helen-zille-on-the-liberal-tradition "Helen Zille on the liberal tradition".] 13 November 2009. <q>It is daunting to be speaking to the people who have mentored me politically since the day I joined the Young Progressives forty years ago</q></ref> === Bobegadikgang jwa sepolotiki === Zille o simolotse tiro ya gagwe e le mmega dikgang wa pampiri ya dikgang ya ''Rand Daily Mail'' ka 1974.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090802172056/http://www.whoswhosa.co.za/Pages/profilefull.aspx?IndID=3528 "Who's Who: Mrs Helen Zille".] Archived from the original on 2 August 2009.</ref> Ka Lwetse 1977, tona wa Aforika Borwa wa tshiamo le sepodise [[J.T Kruger]] o ne a itsise fa molwela ditshwanelo kgatlhanong le puso ya tlhaolele [[Steve Biko]] a tlhokafetse kwa kgolegelong e le ka ntlha ya go nna sebaka se seleele a gana go ja. Zille le morulaganyi [[Allister Sparks]] ba ne ba dumela gore polelo ya ga Kruger ke go leka go fitlha sengwe, Zille o ne a kgobokanya bosupi jo bo lekaneng jwa se morago ga go batla le go buisana le dingaka tse di amegang mo tshekong eo.<ref name=":0" /> Morago ga kgatiso ya polelo e e neng e filwe setlhogo sa "ga go na sesupo sa go gana go ja - dingaka tsa ga Biko", tona Kruger o ne a tshosetsa go fedisa pampiri eo, Zille a tshosediwa botshelo.<ref name=":0" /> Zille le Sparks ba ne ba emelwa kwa khanseleng ya bobegadikgang ya semolao ke mmueledi [[Sydney Kentridge]]. Bobedi boo ba ne ba bonwa molato wa go bega ba gobelela, pampiri eo e ne ya patelediwa go dira paakanyo. Kentridge morago o ne a thusa go rurifatsa bonnete jwa mafoko a ga Zille fa a emetse lolwapa loora Biko fa ba batlisisa ka loso lwa gagwe. Patlisiso e e ne ya upolola gore loso lwa ga Biko e ne e le ka ntlha ya go utlwa botlhoko mo tlhogong, mme ba ne ba retelelwa ke go itse gore ke mang o o bakileng seo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080523183609/http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/library-resources/online%20books/biko-no46/xi-verdict.htm "Steve Biko: XI – The Verdict"]. Archived from the original on 23 May 2008.</ref> Zille le Allister Sparks ba ne ba ithola marapo kwa ''Rand Daily Mail'', morago ga gore mong wa pampiri, Anglo American ba gwetlhe gore Sparks a emise go bua ka ditshwanelo tsa tekatekano tsa pampiri eo.<ref>Bridgland, Fred (18 April 2009). [https://web.archive.org/web/20090422133346/http://news.scotsman.com/world/The-Zille-to-weaken-.5182707.jp "The Zille to weaken Zuma's grip".] ''The Scotsman''. Edinburgh. Archived from the original on 22 April 2009.</ref> === Letsholo kgatlhanong le puso ya tlhaolele === Zille o ne a amega mo letsholong la Black Sasg ka dingwaga tsa 1980. O berekile mo makgotleng a kgaolo le a lefatshe, e ne e le mothusa modulasetilo wa letsholo la End Conscription kwa Kapa Bophirima. Ka nako eo, o ne a tshwarelwa go nna mo lefelong la ditlhopha a sa tshola teseletsk, a amogela nako ya go ya kgolelegelong e e neng e seegetswe kwa thoko. Zille le monna wa gagwe morago ba ne ba ntsha lolwapa lwa bone go nna botshabelo kwa balwela ditshwanelo ka nako ya seemo sa tshoganyetso ka 1986, o ne a patelediwa ka nakwana go iphitlha le ngwaba wa bone wa mosimane o a neng a le dingwaga di le pedi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100914051738/http://www.stmarysschool.co.za/alumni/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=86&Itemid=36 "Helen Zille (St Mary's School 1962 to 1968)".] Archived from the original on 14 September 2010.</ref> Zille o ne tsaya karolo mo porojekeng ya Aforika Borwa  morago ga puso ya tlhaolele le komiti ya Kapa ya kagiso. Morago o ne a kgobolanya bosupi jwa komiti ya [[Goldstone]] e e neng e tlhotlhomisa maiteko a go tlhakatlhakanya Kapa Bophirima pele ga ditlhopho tsa 1994.<ref>Ekerold, Chrissie (9 May 2011). [["Zille has strugglehttps://www.timeslive.co.za/ideas/2011-05-09-zille-has-struggle-credentials-ilive/ credentials: iLIVE".|"Zille has struggle credentials: iLIVE".]] ''TimesLIVE''. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref><ref>[https://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/Politics/Not-only-ANC-fought-apartheid-Zille-20130421 "Not only ANC fought apartheid Zille".] ''News24''. 21 April 2013. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Helen Zille - two.jpg|thumb|Helen Zille]] == Tiro ya melao ya tiro == Zille o tlhamile lekgotla le le fa bogakolodi ka molao wa setshaba ka 1989, ka 1993 o ne a neelwa maemo a mookamedi wa ditlhabolo le tsa setshaba kwa [[University of Cape Town]]. Ka nako eo Zille e ne e le modulasetilo wa lekgotla le le okametseng [[Grove Primary School]], ka 1996 o ne a etelela pele kwetlho kgatlhanong le molao wa puso o o iletsang makgotla a bookamedi dithata tsa go thapa babereki.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090111181718/http://www.dispatch.co.za/1997/10/16/page%2019n.htm "Redeploying teachers set for revival".] Dispatch. 16 October 1997. Archived from the original on 11 January 2009.</ref> Zille o ne a lalediwa ke [[Democratic Party]] (e e leng Democratic Alliance gompieno) go kwala molao wa thuto kwa Kapa Bophirima. Ka ngwaga wa 1999, o ne a nna leloko la palamente ya kgaolo ya Kapa Bophirima, e le mokhanselara wa thuto.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100914051738/http://www.stmarysschool.co.za/alumni/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=86&Itemid=36 "Helen Zille (St Mary's School 1962 to 1968)".] Archived from the original on 14 September 2010.</ref> Ka 2004, Zille o ne a nna leloko la palamente ka phathi ya DA. Mo DA o ne a tlhatloga maemo go nna mothusa modulasetilo le mmueledi wa phathi le wa thuto<ref>Campbell-Gillies, Victoria, Lindeque, Mia. [https://web.archive.org/web/20231112162846/https://ewn.co.za/2015/04/12/Major-milestones-in-Helen-Zilles-career Major milestones in Helen Zille's career], Johannesburg, ''EWN'', 12 April 2015. Retrieved on 09 December 2025</ref> == Mmatoropo == === Ditlhopho tsa 2006 tsa mmasepala le ts di diragetseng morago === [[Setshwantsho:Helen Zille.jpg|thumb|Mogwanto wa letsatsi la kgololesego ka 2011 kwa Solomon Mahlangu Freedom Square kwa [[Mamelodi]]]] Mo ditlhophong tsa mmasepala tsa 2006, DA e ne ya nna yone phathi e nngwefela e tona kwa Kapa ka tlhopho ya 42.0%, e le kwa pele ga [[African National Congress|African National Congres]]<nowiki/>s (ANC). Zille o ne a tlhophiwa mmatoropo ka ditlhopho di le lekgolo le borataro go di le lekgolo le boraro ka Mopitlo a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa 2006, morago ga DA e sena go amogela kemo nokeng ya diphathi tse dingwe tse dipotlana. Puso ya ga Zille ya diphathi tse dintsi e ne ya tsaya tshwetso ya go busetsa kwa morago go thapiwa ga ga [[Wallace Mgoqi]] o e neng e le mookamedi wa toropo ya Kapa, o setlha sa gagwe sa go thapiwa se neng se atolositswe ke mmatoropo o o tswang wa ANC, [[Nomaindiya Mfeketo]]. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070926223425/http://www.capeinfo.com/Surveys/Interviews/Helen_Zille.asp "...the best Cape Town mayor in decades... ?".] CapeInfo. April 2006. Archived from the original on 26 September 2007.</ref>Tshwetso ya ga Zille e ne ya dumalanwa ke kgotlatshekelo, e e neng ya atlhola gore go okediwa ga setlha sa ga Mgoqi ke mmatoropo wa pele go ne go se ka fa molaong. Zille o ganeditswe a bo a gwetlhiwa ke ANC, Ka Lwetse 2006, mokhanselara wa kgaolo wa ANC [[Richard Dyantyi]] o ne a itsise fa a loga maano a go dirisa komiti go na le go dirisa tsamaiso ya mmatoropo/rratoropo. Go dira jaana go ne go tlaa fokotsa dithata tsa mmatoropo kgotsa rratoropo, phathi e e busang e ka se kgone go aba manno a a lesome mo komiting, ka jalo e ne e tlaa akaretsa tekatekano ya baemedi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20061026085835/http://www.sabcnews.com/politics/the_parties/0,2172,135339,00.html "Leon says Mbeki behind plan to oust Zille".] SABC News. 22 September 2006. Archived from the original on 26 October 2006. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> Dyanti le Zille ba ne ba dumalana go dirisa tsamaiso e e teng ya mmatoropo kgotsa rratoropo fa ANC e ka neelwa dikomit potlana tse pedi mo dikgaolong tse di laolwang ke ANC. Ka jalo kgang e ne ya rarabololwa jalo.<ref>Maclennan, Ben (1 November 2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20060615021453/http://www.int.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1 "Zille keeps the reins in Cape Town".] IOL. Archived from the original on 15 June 2006.</ref> === Dikgwetlho === Maikaelelo a ga Zille fa e le mmatoropo a ne a akaretsa seabe sa [[Cape Town]] mo go tshwareng metshameko ya sejana sa lefatshe sa [[FIFA]] ka 2010, ga mmogo le go agiwa ga lobala lwa metshameko lwa Kapa, lo go neng go tshwarelwa metshameko ya kgwele ya dinao e robabobedi ka 2010.<ref>[https://www.capetownmagazine.com/news/helen-zille-speaks-at-the-cape-town-world-cup-2010-logo-launch/10_22_2587 "Helen Zille Speaks at the Cape Town World Cup 2010 Logo Launch in Cape Town".] ''capetownmagazine.com''. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> Matshwenyego magolo a ga Zille e ne e le tiriso botlhaswa ditagi kwa Kapa, bogolo jang crystal methamphetamine (tik). O ne a re go rotloediwe mafelo a go thusa go emisa ditagie madi a a tswang mo pusong go lwantsha tiriso ya ditagi, o ne a kopana le makgotla go bua ka kgang e.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20060615021453/http://www.int.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1 "Zille to meet with Lentegeur community"]. IOL. 22 June 2007. Archived from the original on 15 June 2006.</ref> Zille o ne a gana mananeo a go akaretsa mapodisi a metro mo ditirelong tsa sepodisi ka kakaretso, are go dira jalo go tlaa fokotsa dithata tsa puso ya magae mme e tlogelele ramapodisi wa nako eo [[Jackie Selebi]]<ref>Ensor, Linda (28 July 2007). [https://web.archive.org/web/20090111182217/http://www.businessday.co.za/Articles/TarkArticle.aspx?ID=2910746 "The battle for Metro cops". Business Day. Archived from the original on 11 January 2009. Retrieved 22 February 2008. <q>According to her (Zille), Selebi was presiding over a police force that was steadily losing its ability to deliver on its mandate, and his control should not be extended.</q>]</ref> taolo, o morago a neng a lebisiwa molato wa tshenyetso setshaba.<ref>Adriaan, Basson (3 August 2010). [https://mg.co.za/article/2010-08-03-selebi-sentenced-to-15-years/ "Selebi sentenced to 15 years".] ''Mail & Guardian''. Retrieved 09 December 2025. <q>Former police chief Jackie Selebi was sentenced to 15 years' imprisonment by Judge Meyer Joffe in the South Gauteng High Court on Tuesday, who called him an "embarrassment to South Africa and the police"</q></ref> === Dikatlego === ==== Bonno le go isa ditirelo kwa bathong ==== Le ntswa puso ya kgaolo e seng ya mo gae e neetswe maikarabelo a go fa batho matlo,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190728221553/http://www.knysna.gov.za/weeklynews/the-role-of-municipalities-in-the-delivery-of-housing/ The role of Municipalities in the delivery of housing]. Archived 28 July 2019 at the Wayback Machine, ''Knysna''. Retrieved on 09 December 2025</ref> Zille o ne a re maiteko  a gagwe a mmasepala a go fetola manaane a bonno le go tokafatsa ditsamaiso tsa go rurifatsa, a letla le go fa batho matlo gore go oketsege go tswa kwa diketeng tse tharo ka ngwaga go tsena di le dikete di supa ka ngwaga ka 2006 go tsena 2008 mo pusong ya gagwe e le mmatoropo.<ref>Zille, Helen (11 January 2009). [https://www.polity.org.za/article/da-zille-extract-from-a-speech-by-the-leader-of-the-democratic-alliance-at-bela-bela-in-limpopo-11092009-2009-01-11 "DA: Zille: Extract from a speech by the leader of the Democratic Alliance at Bela Bela in Limpopo (11/09/2009)".] Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> Mo tsebeng ya setlhogo sa "ANC e rata lehuma eseng bahumanegi", e e gatisitsweng pele ga ditlhopho tsa 2009, Zille o ne supa fa go sena madi a a seegetsweng kwa thoko go tlhabolola mekhukhu mo tsamaisong ya ANC, fa ka 2007 puso ya gagwe e ne e beile madi a metsi, motlakase le kgopo leswe.<ref>Zille, Helen. [https://www.politicsweb.co.za/news-and-analysis/the-anc-is-propoverty-not-propoor--helen-zille "ANC is pro-poverty not pro-poor".]</ref> == Moeteledipele wa DA == [[Setshwantsho:Helen Zille and Gauteng DA leader Janet Semple.jpg|thumb|Zille le moeteledipele wa DA wa [[Gauteng]] Janet Semple]] ==== Ditlhopho ==== Ka Mopitlo a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa 2007, Zille o ne ipaya ntlhopheng o o yang go tlhatlhama moeteledipele o o tswang wa DA,[[Tony Leon]]. E ne e le mmamoratwa go tswa kwa tshimologong, a na le kemo nokeng ya [[Kapa Bophirima]], [[Gauteng|Gauteng,]] [[KwaZulu-Natal]],[[Mpumalanga]], [[Kapa Bokone]], [[Free State]] le [[Kapa Botlhaba]].<ref>Majova 2007.</ref> O ne a tlhophiwa e le moeteledipele o mosha ke bontsi ka Motsheganong a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa 2007. O ne a supa fa a tlaa etelela pele phathi kwa ntle ga palamente, fa a tswelela ka maemo a gagwe a mmatoropo wa Kapa. ==== Mathata ==== [[Setshwantsho:De Lille Zille.jpg|thumb|Helen Zille le Patricia de Lille kwa bokopanong jwa DA ka 2010]] Fa a nna moeteledipele wa DA, Zille o ne a gwetlha puso e e busang ka dikgang di le dintsi.<ref>[https://mg.co.za/article/2007-08-28-mbeki-and-zille-meet-on-range-of-issues/ Mbeki and Zille meet on range of issues], ''Mail & Guardian'', 28 August 2007. Retrieved on 09 December 2025</ref> ==== Borukutlhi ==== Sengwe se se neng se tshwentse Zille e ne e le go tsibogela dipalo tsa borukutlhi jwa puso tse di neng di ntshitswe ka Phukwi 2007.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20060615021453/http://www.int.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1 "'Bland' government ducking the facts — Zille"]. IOL. 7 July 2007. Archived from the original on 15 June 2006.</ref> O ne a supa puso ka monwana are e atswa dirukutlhi ka go baya ba ba lebisitsweng melato kwa godimo mo lenaaneng la bone la bopalamente.<ref>[https://mg.co.za/article/2009-01-23-zille-anc-rewards-crime/ "Zille: ANC rewards crime"]. 23 January 2009</ref> Zille o ne a re DA e tlaa busetsa makgotlana a tshireletso ya bana a South African Narcotics Bureau le Scorpions Unit, a otlhe a phatlhaladitsweng.<ref>[https://mg.co.za/article/2008-03-08-zille-heroin-easier-to-buy-than-hamburgers/ "Zille: Heroin easier to buy than hamburgers"]. 8 March 2008.</ref> Ka Phatwe 2008, Zille o ne a itsise dikakanyo tsa go oketsa palo ya mapodisi go nna dikete di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a matlhano, go thapa basekaseki ba sepodisi ba bangwe ba le dikete di le masome a mararo, go tlhabolola mananeo le tiriso ya botegeniki, le go fetola tsamaiso ya tshiamo. O ne a re lenaneo le lesha la phathi kgatlhanong le borukutlhi le tlaa akaretsa go nna teng ga letlole la batswasetlhabelo ba borukutlhi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110613142446/http://www.da.org.za/?p=28 "Conquering fear, commanding hope: the DA's criminal justice plan".] Archived from the original on 13 June 2011.</ref> ==== Botsogo ==== [[Setshwantsho:Helen Zille in Mpumalanga 2011.jpg|thumb|Zille a gwanta kwa [[Mpumalanga]] pele ga ditlhopho tsa 2011 tsa mmasepala]] Zille o ne a le kgatlhanong le  molao wa go fetola seemo sa botsogo, o o neng o letla go tsaya karolo ga puso mo maphateng a botsogo a a ikemetseng. O ne a re puso e tlaa senya tsamaiso. O ne a re go na le kgonagalo ya gore puso e ka kganela dikete tsa baitseanape ba botsogo.<ref>[https://allafrica.com/stories/200806100145.html "South Africa: Zille Says Health Bill Will Drive Skills Away".] allAfrica. 10 June 2008.</ref> Ene le phathi ya gagwe ya sepolotiki ba ne ba tla ka mogopolo o sele wa lenaneo la botsogo la go dira maphata a botsogo a puso gore a nne a a ikemetseng.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20060615021453/http://www.int.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1 "Let private sector run state hospitals — DA"]. IOL Online. 9 June 2008. Archived from the original on 15 June 2006.</ref> Molawana wa botsogo o ne wa nna molao ka 2013, o letla go tlhamiwa ga ofisi e ntsha ya go obamela dieelo tsa botsogo.<ref>[https://www.polity.org.za/article/national-health-amendment-act-act-no-12-of-2013-2013-07-24 "National Health Amendment Act 12 of 2013".] Archived from the original on 22 September 2015. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> ==== Go ikemela ga molao ==== Fa a le moeteledipele wa DA, Zille o ne a botsa thata ka go ikemela ga molao mo Aforika Borwa, se se gwetlhiwa ke maitshwaro a tautona wa moatlhodi [[John Hlophe]] mo go lekeng go rotloetsa baatlhodi ba kgotlatshekelo ya molao motheo go sekamela mo lotlhakoreng lwa ga tautona Jacob Zuma. O ne a re go na le tlhaolele ya lotso le mmala mo go ba ba mo molaong, ebile a kgala seo ka mafoko.<ref>Zille, Helen (13 June 2008). [https://www.moneyweb.co.za/moneyweb-radio/en-aftree-beleggings-hou-baie-belastingvoordele-in/?oid=210912&sn=Detail "ANC cultivating a 'compliant judiciary'".] Moneyweb.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090111190838/http://www.thetimes.co.za/News/Article.aspx?id=784709 "Hlophe rocks Zille's faith in judges".] ''Sunday Times''. 13 June 2008. Archived from the original on 11 January 2009.</ref> ==== Ngangisano ya sepolotiki ==== Ka Seetebosigo 2008, o ne a gwetlha tautona wa ANC le ntlhopheng wa 2009 wa botautona, [[Jacob Zuma]] go ngangisana phatlhalatsa ka dikgang tsa boremelelo di le lesome di tshwana le tumalano ya dibetsa, go phatlaladiwa ga lekgotla la Scorpions, seemo sa kwa [[Zimbabwe]], HIV/AIDS le molao wa pereko.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20060615021453/http://www.int.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1 "Will Zuma debate against Zille?".] IOL. 20 June 2008. Archived from the original on 15 June 2006.</ref> <ref>[["Zille challenges Zuma to public debate".]] SABC. 20 June 2008.[''permanent dead link'']</ref>Zuma o ne a gana go tsenelela.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080628205206/http://www.sabcnews.com/politics/the_parties/0,2172,172097,00.html "Zuma refuses to meet with Zille".] SABC. 25 June 2008. Archived from the original on 28 June 2008. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20060615021453/http://www.int.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1 "Zille reminds Zuma of statement"]. IOL. 25 June 2008. Archived from the original on 15 June 2006.</ref> ==== Letsholo kgatlhanong le tiriso botlhaswa ya ditagi le nnotagi ==== Maloko a robabobedi a setlhopha se se neng se bidiwa People's Anti Drug and Liquor Action Committee (PADLAC) se ne sa tshwarwa ka Lwetse 2007 kwa ntle ga ofisi ya mapodisi ya Mitchell's plain. Zille o ne a tshwarwa fa a etetse ofisi eo go tlhotlhomisa. Setlhopha seo se ne se anamisa dipampitshana mo letsholong kgatlhanong le tiriso botlhaswa ya nnotagi le ditagi kwa Kapa. Mapodisi a ne a re o eme nokeng ditlhopha tsa ditlhola tse di kgatlhanong le tiriso ditagi. O ne a iponagatsa fa pele ga ga mmakasetarata beke eo go bo a fapaane le molao wa go kgobokana. Zille o ne a solofetswe go sekisa tona wa sepodisi go mo tshwara e se ka fa tsamaisong.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090111175741/http://www.dispatch.co.za/2007/09/10/SouthAfrica/adrug.html "Another apartheid era arrest for Zille".] Daily Dispatch. Archived from the original on 11 January 2009. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> Zille o ne a ya kgotlatshekelong ya mmakaseteraka le batho ba bangwe ba le lesome ba ba neng ba tshwerwe le ene.<ref>[https://iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&click_id=6&art_id=nw20070911095031215C574934 "Zille in court".] IOL. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> Ka Lwetse a le malatsi a le masome mararo ngwaga wa 2007, go ne ga begiwa fa metswedi ya botlhale, ba ba neng ba sa itumelela leano la ANC la go phutlhamisa makgotla a puso go direla ANC, ba ne ba neetse Zille mafoko a gore makgotla a a nang le dibetsa a tlhasetse PADLAC ka maikaelelo a go bolaya moeteledipele wa kganetso.<ref>^{[https://www.sundaytimes.timeslive.co.za/News/Article.aspx?id=574153 "Intelligence sources unhappy with ANC plans". ''S'']''unday Times''. Retrieved 30 September 2007.[''dead link'']}</ref> Ka Phalane 2007, Zille o ne a seka a bonwa molato melatong yotlhe e e neng e tsisitswe fa pele ga ga mmakaseterata ka go ne gotwe tsheko kgatlhanong le ene le basekisiwa ba bangwe ba robabongwe, ga e ka ke ya atlega. Zille o ne a boelela maikaelelo a gagwe a go sekisa sepodisi sa Kapa Bophirima go mo tshwara e se ka fa tsamaisong.<ref>^{[https://www.reuters.com/?edition-redirect=af "SAfrica drops charges against opposition head Zille"]. Reuters. Retrieved 09 December 2025.[''permanent dead link'']}</ref> Ka Mopitlo 2008, Helen Zille o ne a isa letsholo la gagwe la go nna kgatlhanong le ditagi kwa Johannesburg, a eteletse pele mogwanto. Ba ba neng ba gwanta ba ne ba apere dikipa tsa DA, tse di kwadilweng molaetsa wa ganang ditagi lo boloke matshelo a bana ba rona.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160303220858/http://mg.co.za/articlepage.aspx?area=/breaking_news/breaking_news__national/&articleid=326267 "Zille leads Jo'burg anti-drugs march".] Mail&Guardian. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> Ga go a tlhatswega gore a ditiro tsa ga Zille di nnile le seabe sepe mo mathateng a borukutlhi le tiriso botlhaswa ya ditagi kwa Kapa Bophirima.<ref>[https://www.news24.com/MyNews24/Zilles-2015-SOPA-thin-on-ways-to-tackle-alcohol-abuse-20150930 "Zille's 2015 SOPA thin on ways to tackle alcohol abuse".] News24. 30 September 2015. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref><ref>Carmel Loggenberg (28 September 2015). [https://web.archive.org/web/20160115041438/http://www.sabc.co.za/news/a/55af3d004a0441ccab33eba53d9712f0/W-Cape-authorities-concerned-about-spike-in-crime-rate-20152809 "SABC News – W Cape authorities concerned about spike in crime rate:Monday 28 September 2015".] Sabc.co.za. Archived from the original on 15 January 2016. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> Dipalo tse disha tsa borukutlhi di ne di supa fa Kapa Bophirima e itemogetse 34% ya borukutlhi jo bo amanang le ditagi kwa Aforika Borwa.<ref>Philani Nombembe. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160115041438/http://www.timeslive.co.za/sundaytimes/stnews/2015/10/04/Western-Cape-awash-with-cheap-tik-creating-addicts-who-drive-up-crime "SUNDAY TIMES – Western Cape awash with cheap tik, creating addicts who drive up crime".] Timeslive.co.za. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> === United Nations === Ka Moranang 2008, Zille o ne a kopiwa go buisa lekgotla la [[United Nations General Assembly|United Nations]] kwa toropokgolo [[New York]] ka palobatho le tlhabololo, a dirisa kitso ya gagwe le tse a di ithutileng fa a le mmatoropo wa Kapa.<ref>[https://archive.ph/20120710144418/http://iafrica.com/news/sa/642715.htm "Helen Zille to address the UN".] iafrica. Archived from the original on 10 July 2012. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> Zille ke moema nokeng wa letsholo la go tlhamiwa ga United Nations Parliamentary Assembly, lekgotla le le lwelang go tlhabololwa ga puso ya batho ka batho ga United Nations; o dumela gore go botlhokwa ka go tlaa netefatsa gore banni ba mo gae ba mafatshe otlhe ba ikutlwa ba amana le UN le mananeo a yone.<ref>[http://en.unpacampaign.org/statements/page/3/ "Statements".] ''Campaign for a UN Parliamentary Assembly''. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> === Seetsele ya mmatoropo sa mafatshefatshe === Zille e ne e le mofenyi wa seetsele sa 2008 sa mafatshefatshe sa mmatoropo ka Phalane 2008, go tswa mo go bo mmatoropo le boratoropo ba le makgolo a ferabobedi le masome a mabedi a bommatoropo ba ba neng ba tlhophilwe.<ref>[http://www.worldmayor.com/contest_2008/world-mayor-vote.html "World Mayor 2008 The final shortlist".] World Mayor. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref><ref>[http://www.worldmayor.com/contest_2008/world-mayor-2008-results.html "Helen Zille, Mayor of Cape Town, wins the 2008 World Mayor Prize".] World Mayor. 14 October 2008. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref>  ANC e ne ya dirisa bontsi jwa yone mo palamenteng go kganela tshutiso ya go lemoga katlego ya ga Zille ga DA, mo go fenyeng seetsele seo.<ref>[https://www.politicsweb.co.za/politics/anc-blocks-motion-praising-zilles-world-mayor-awar "ANC blocks motion praising Zille's world mayor award".] Politicsweb. 23 October 2008.</ref> === Go ithola marapo e le moeteledipele wa phathi === Ka Moranang 2015, Zille o ne a itsise fa a tlaa seke a emele ditlhopho gape e le moeteledipele wa phathi.<ref>Helen Zille bows out as DA leader | eNCA</ref> == Moeteledipele wa Kapa Bophirima == === Ditlhopho tsa 2009 === [[Setshwantsho:Helen Zille in 2010 2 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Zille a bua ka 2010]] Ditlhopho tsa lefatshe tsa 2009 di ne tsa fa Zille sebaka sa gagwe sa ntlha sa go phadisana e le moeteledipele wa DA. O ne a tlhophilwe e le ntlhopheng wa moeteledipele wa Kapa Bophirima, phathi ya gagwe ya atlega ka go fenya 51.46% ya tlhopho ya kgaolo eo. Zille o ne a tlhomamisiwa e le moeteledipele, a tlhatlhamiwa ke [[Dan Plato]] mo maemong a mmatoropo. DA e ne ya itshwarelela mo go nneng phathi ya kganetso ya semmuso, e fenya 16.66% ya tlhopho, e oketsa manno a yone mo palamenteng go nna masome a robabobedi.<ref>[https://mg.co.za/article/2009-04-23-the-da-says-western-cape-is-theirs/ DA says Western Cape is theirs], ''Mail & Guardian'', 23 April 2009. Retrieved on 09 December 2025</ref><ref>[https://mg.co.za/article/2009-04-27-zille-set-to-become-western-cape-premier/ Zille set to become Western Cape premier], ''Mail & Guardian'', 27 April 2009. Retrieved on 09 December 2025</ref> === Kgotlhang le Jacob Zuma === [[Setshwantsho:Helen Zille SONA 2011.jpg|thumb|Zille kwa pegong ya seemo sa lefatshe ka 2011]] Ka Motsheganong 2009, morago ga go tlhophiwa e le moeteledipele, Zille o ne a kwalela pampiri ya dikgang ya ''Argus'' lokwalo lo lo neng lwa kopiwa ka phoso ke mmueledi wa gagwe go lo romela kwa pampiring ya ''Sowetan''.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090518072719/http://www.saelections.co.za/articles/4594/zille-shifts-the-blame-premier-says-aide-was-not-meant-to-send-letter "Zille shifts blame: Premier says aide was not meant to send letter".] Archived from the original on 18 May 2009.</ref> Fa a tsibogela go kgalwa ke ditlhopha tse di lwelang bong le ANC ka matona a gagwe a e leng borre fela,Zille o ne a kwala mo lokwalong loo gore ANC ga ise ke e etelelwe pele ke mosadi, le gore baeteledipele ba yone ba dira dikai tse di sa nnang sentle mo dikganngnyeng tsa bong. O ne a inola mafoko a ga tautona [[Jacob Zuma]] a a gobelelang bong, a mo supa ka monwana a re ga a rate basadi ebile a mo kgalela go baya basadi ba gagwe mo kotsing ya go tsenwa ke mogare wa HIV ka go tlhakanela dikobo le mme o o nang le mogare oo. Zuma, o o nyetseng lefufa, o ne a dumalane mo tshekong ya gagwe ya tiriso dikgoka mo tlhakanelong dikobo gore o ne a itse gore mosadi o a neng a tlhakakanetse dikobo le ene o na le mogare wa HIV.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8045981.stm "Zille in 'racist' Zuma HIV attack".] ''BBC News''. 12 May 2009. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Khayelitsha Commission Handover.JPG|thumb|Neelano semmuso ya maduo a patlisiso ya komiti ya [[Khayelitsha]], a neelwa moeteledipele wa [[Kapa Bophirima]] Hellen Zille]] Go kgala ditiro tsa ga Zuma ga ga Zille go ne ga dirisiwa ke pampiri ya ''Sowetan'' e le polelo e e kwa pele ga pampiri ka setlhogo sa "Zuma, kotsi ya AIDS". Pampiri e, e ne ya supa fa Zille a ne a dira tlhaselo e e gakgamatsang mo go Zuma.<ref>Anna Majavu. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090515101030/http://www.sowetan.co.za/News/Article.aspx?id=997557 "Zuma an AIDS risk"]. Archived from the original on 15 May 2009.</ref> Se se ne sa dira gore Zille a tlhaselwe ke ANC le bapati ba yone. Lekgotla la banana la ANC le ne la re Zille o na le tlhaolele ya lotso le mmala, le gore matona a gagwe a borre fela ke baratani ba gagwe. Se ka se ne se sena bosupi, se ne sa šhakgatsa DA, e e neng ya buisana le babueledi ba molao go kwadisa tsheko.<ref>^{[https://www.sowetan.co.za/News/Article.aspx?id=999104 "MK veterans threaten Zille"][''permanent dead link'']}</ref> Lekgotla la [[Umkhonto we Sizwe]] la sesole le ne la gatelela se se builweng ke lekgotla la banana, la bo la tsibosa gore le tlaa simolodisa lenaneo la sepolotiki le le supang ka Kapa Bophirima a sa laolesege.<ref>[https://iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&click_id=13&art_id=nw20090513131259625C990157 "MK veterans threaten Zille".]</ref> ANC le yone e ne ya kgala Zille, mme ya ikgogela morago mo ditshwaelong tsa lekgotla la yone la banana, e supa fa seo e le matlhabisa ditlhong.<ref>[https://www.politicsweb.co.za/politics/anc-distances-itself-from-ancyl-comments--mantashe "ANC distances itself from ANCYL comments – Mantashe"]. ''www.politicsweb.co.za''.</ref> Fa a tsiboga, Zille o ne a re kgotlhang eo e supa maemo a Aforika Borwa mo dikganngyeng tsa bong.<ref>[https://www.politicsweb.co.za/news-and-analysis/helen-zille-answers-her-critics "Helen Zille answers her critics – News & Analysis".] ''www.politicsweb.co.za''.</ref> === Go lwela lefatshe === Ka Motsheganong 2009, Zille o ne a supa ANC ka monwana a re e utswa dilwana tsa lefatshe. O ne a bua ka go isa lefatshe la di heketara di le sekete tsa lefatshe la kgaolo kwa Kapa Bophirima go nna la lekgotla la puso. Phetolo e e ne ya bewa monwana ke moeteledipele wa pele [[Lynne Brown]] ka Moranang a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa 2009, letsatsi pele ga ditlhopho tsa lefatshe. Zille o ne a re tumalano e, e dirilwe mo sephiring, go na le mabaka a a sa itsagaleng. ANC e ne ya fetola ka gore tumalano eo e ne e beilwe fa pele ga palamente makgetho a le mantsi mo dingwageng ebile ga go na sepe se se belaetsang ka yone.<ref>[https://vocfm.co.za/public/articles.php?Articleid=46484 Fingers pointed in Cape land row]^{[''permanent dead link'']} ''Voice of the Cape'' ^{[''dead link'']}</ref> Morago Zille o ne a re o tlaa gwetlha go sekasekiwa gape ga tumalano eo, le go e phatlalatsa, mme a bitse bokopano jwa puso,<ref>[http://www.int.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&click_id=6&art_id=vn20090523064254326C744138 'Secret' ANC land deal illegal – Zille] ^{[''dead link'']} Cape Argus. 23 May 2009 Archived copy at WebCite (1 February 2010).</ref> mme kgang e e ne ya rarabololwa ka Firikgong 2010, fa tona wa ANC wa bonno, [[Tokyo Sexwale]], a dumalana go busetsa lefatshe leo kwa kgaolong pele ga kgang e isiwa kgotlatshekelong.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100813161843/http://www.eyewitnessnews.co.za/articleprog.aspx?id=31404 Cape land transfer dispute resolved] ''Eyewitness News'' Archived 13 August 2010 at the Wayback Machine</ref> === Ditlhopho tsa 2014 le go tlhophiwa gape. === [[Setshwantsho:DA 2011 Election Poster.jpg|thumb|Setshwantsho sa Democratic Alliance sa ga [[Patricia de Lille]], Helen Zille le [[Lindiwe Mazibuko]] ka 2011]] Pele ga ditlhopho tsa 2014, ka 2013, Thembu [[King Dalindyebo]] o ne a nna leloko la DA fa a sekela melato e mentsi, selo se se neng se bonwa ke bangwe e le tseka ya go utswa batlhophi ga DA.<ref>Evans, Sarah. [https://mg.co.za/article/2013-07-19-00-no-ideology-test-for-da-king/ "Dalindyebo: No ideology test for DA king".] ''The M&G Online''. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref><ref>Naude, Jason (23 July 2013). [https://www.dailydispatch.co.za/news/2013/07/23/zille-defends-decision-to-embrace-abathembu-king/ "Zille defends decision to embrace abathembu king"]. ''DispatchLIVE''. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> Fa a botsisiwa ka boloko,Zille o ne a re ga go na maloko a mangwe a a tshwanetseng go sekisiwa, le gore molaomotheo wa DA o tlhoka gore boloko jwa ga Dalindyebo bo emisiwe fa ikuelo ya gagwe e ka retela.<ref>Dodds, Craig (23 July 2013). [https://iol.co.za/news/politics/2013-07-23-zille-defends-kings-da-membership/ "Zille defends king's DA membership".] ''Independent Online''. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> Ka Phalane 2015, boloko jwa ga Dalindyebo bo ne jwa emisiwa.<ref>Hartleb, Thomas (1 October 2015). [https://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/DA-cancels-King-Dalindyebos-membership-20151001 "DA cancels King Dalindyebo's membership"]. ''News24''. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> Morago ga ditlhopho tsa 2014, DA e ne ya fenya 59.38%ya tlhopho le manno a le masome mabedi le borataro kwa Kapa Bophirima, koketsego ya 3.25%. Ka fa tlase ga boeteledipele jwa gagwe, phathi e ne ya fenya manno a le masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe kwa palamenteng le 22.23% ya tlhopho ya lefatshe lotlhe. Zille o ne a tlhomamisiwa mo setlheng sa bobedi ka Motsheganong a le masome mabedi le borataro ka ditalama di le masome mabedi le borataro go tswa mo go di le masome a mane le bobedi, o a neng a eme kgatlhanong le ene e le [[Marius Fransman]] wa ANC.<ref>Buick, Kirstin. [https://www.news24.com/You/Archive/helen-zille-re-elected-western-cape-premier-20170728 Helen Zille re-elected Western Cape premier], ''News24'', 21 May 2014. Retrieved on 09 December 2025</ref> === Motlhatlhami wa gagwe e le moeteledipele === Ka Lwetse 2018,Democratic Alliance e ne ya itsise fa e tlhophile [[Alan Winde]] go nna ntlhopheng wa moeteledipele wa Kapa Bophirima wa phathi eo mo ditlhophong tsa lefatshe tsa 2019. Bo ntlhopheng ba bangwe ba ba neng ba emetse maemo ao e ne e le [[Fazloodien Abrahams]], [[Bonginkosi Madikizela]], [[David Maynier]], [[Kelly Baloyi]], [[Jacobus MacFarlane]] le [[Michael Mack]].<ref>[https://www.da.org.za/2018/07/da-announces-premier-candidates-ahead-of-the-2019-election-campaign "Premier candidates announced".] Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> Zille o ne a kganetswe go phadisanela setlha sa boraro sa boeteledipele ka molaomotheo wa Aforika Borwa ga o letle gore moeteledipele o ka bereka ditlha di feta bobedi di tlhomagane.<ref>Head, [https://web.archive.org/web/20250220051402/https://www.thesouthafrican.com/news/who-is-alan-winde-western-cape-premier/ Tom.Breaking: Alan Winde revealed as the DA’s choice for Western Cape premier,] ''The South African'', 19 September 2018. Retrieved on 09 December 2025</ref><ref>[https://mg.co.za/article/2018-09-19-the-winds-of-change-mec-alan-winde-is-da-w-cape-premier-candidateThe winds of change: MEC Alan Winde is DA W Cape premier candidate]^{[''permanent dead link'']}. Retrieved on 09 December 2025</ref> Morago ga ditlhopho tsa Motsheganong 2019, Democratic Alliance e ne ya tswelela e ntse e na le palo e ntsi kwa palamenteng ya kgaolo ya Kapa Bophirima. Zille o dule mo maemong ao ka Motsheganong a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa 2019.<ref>[[DA holds on to W Cape despite challenges]]^{[''permanent dead link'']}. Retrieved on 09 December 2025</ref><ref>[https://www.sowetan.co.za/news/south-africa/2019-05-10-its-official-da-has-comfortably-won-the-western-cape/ DA wins Western Cape, though with reduced majority]. Retrieved on 09 December 2025</ref> == Tiro ya gagwe morago == === Go nna leloko la IRR === [[Setshwantsho:Helen Zille and DA leaders at press conference (October 2019).png|thumb|Bokopano jwa bobega dikgang go itsisiwe Hellen Zille e le modulasetilo o mosha wa khansele ]] Morago ga go tlogela tiro ya boeteledipele ka Motsheganong 2019, go ne ga bolelwa ka Phukwi 2019, gore o berekela South African Institute of Race Relations (SAIRR) e le mosekaseki wa melao. SAIRR e ne ya bua jaana ka nako ya kitsiso eo: go bereka mmogo ga ga Ms Zille le IRR go tsisa mantswe a mabedi a a kwa godimo a ba ba batlang phetogo mo Aforika Borwa.<ref>Mabuza, Ernest (28 July 2019). [https://www.businessday.co.za/bd/national/2019-07-28-helen-zille-joins-the-institute-of-race-relations/ "Helen Zille joins the Institute of Race Relations".] ''BusinessLIVE''. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref><ref>Mabuza, Ernest (28 July 2019). [https://www.timeslive.co.za/news/south-africa/2019-07-28-helen-zille-joins-the-institute-of-race-relations-as-senior-policy-fellow/ "Helen Zille joins the Institute of Race Relations as senior policy fellow".] ''TimesLIVE''. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> Lekgotla leo le be la gatisa kgaolo e e manganga ma Lwetse 2019,e re Maimane a kobiwe jaaka moeteledipele wa DA, a tlhatlhamiwe ke [[Alan Winde]]. Matona a DA a ne a emela kgakala le mafoko a, le ntse Zille ene a ne a dumalana le one.<ref>Makinana, Andisiwe (2 October 2019). [https://www.timeslive.co.za/politics/2019-10-02-da-cannot-be-a-race-driven-party-says-zille-as-she-defends-irr-column-calling-for-winde-to-replace-maimane/ "Helen Zille defends IRR column calling for Alan Winde to replace Mmusi Maimane".] ''TimesLIVE''. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> O ne a seegela kwa thoko tiro ya gagwe kwa IRR ka Phalane 2019.<ref>[https://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/p1-helen-zille-says-she-wants-to-be-next-da-federal-council-chairperson-20191004 "Update – Helen Zille suspends IRR fellowship following decision to contest for DA Federal Council chairperson position".] ''News24''. 4 October 2019. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref><ref>[https://iol.co.za/news/2019-10-04-helen-zille-to-contest-for-top-job-at-da-suspends-position-at-irr/ "Helen Zille to contest for top job at DA, suspends position at IRR".] ''IOL''. 4 October 2019. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> === '''''Tee le Helen''''' === Zille o ne a tlhama sekhutlwana sa gagwe sa dipuisano se se bidiwang tee le Helen, ka Phatwe 2019 ka maikaelelo a go buisana le batho ba ba sa dumalaneng le maikutlo a gagwe ka tsa sepolotiki. Sekhutlwana se se gasiwa mo [[Youtube]], [[iTunes]] le [[Spotify]]. Moeng wa ntlha mo sekhutlwaneng seo e ne e le mokwaledi wa pele wa Business Day [[Peter Bruce]]. Ba bangwe ba ba kileng ba nna baeng mo sekhutlwaneng seo ba akaretsa [[Ferial Haffajee]], [[Max du Preez]] le [[Adam Habib]]. Zille o ne a leka go batla moeteledipele wa EFF [[Julius Malema]], mme o ne a gana taletso.<ref>Nkanjeni, Unathi (27 August 2019). [https://www.timeslive.co.za/politics/2019-08-27-helen-zille-is-having-tea-and-yall-are-invited-what-you-need-to-know-about-her-podcast/ "Helen Zille is having tea and y'all are invited: What you need to know about her podcast".] ''TimesLIVE''. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref><ref>Mlambo, Sihle (1 October 2019). [https://iol.co.za/news/politics/2019-10-01-helen-zille-invites-julius-malema-for-tea-juju-are-you-coming/ "Helen Zille invites Julius Malema for 'tea', Juju are you coming?"]. ''IOL''. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref><ref>Ngcobo, Khanyisile (2 October 2019). [https://iol.co.za/news/politics/2019-10-02-i-think-you-are-lost-malema-responds-to-helen-zilles-tea-invite/ "'I think you are lost': Malema responds to Helen Zille's 'tea' invite"]. ''IOL''. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> === Modulasetilo wa khansele === Zille o ne a tlhophilwe go nna modukasetilo wa khansele wa DA ka Phalane 2019 morago ga go ithola marapo ga ga [[James Selfe]]. Maemo ao a tshwana le a mokwaledi-mogolo mo moalong wa phathi. Zille o ne a itsise ka go ema ga gagwe morago ga go tlhalosa phathi are e mo dipharagobeng ebile e mo bothateng jwa sepolotiki morago ga kwelo tlase ya ntlha ya ditlhopho mo ditsong tsa phathi.<ref>Mailovich, Claudi (4 October 2019). [https://www.businessday.co.za/bd/national/2019-10-04-helen-zille-applies-for-top-da-job/ "BREAKING NEWS: Helen Zille applies for top DA job".] ''BusinessLIVE''. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20191005134636/https://www.enca.com/news/zille-available-chair-das-federal-council "Zille 'available' to chair DA's Federal Council"]. ''eNCA''. 4 October 2019. Archived from the original on 5 October 2019. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref><ref>Mokone, Thabo (4 October 2019). [https://www.timeslive.co.za/politics/2019-10-04-breaking-helen-zille-to-stand-for-top-da-job/ "Helen Zille to stand for top DA job"]. ''TimesLIVE''. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20191020103750/https://www.enca.com/news/helen-zille-elected-da-federal-chairperson "Helen Zille elected DA Federal chairperson".] ''eNCA''. 20 October 2019. Archived from the original on 20 October 2019. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> O ne a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong ao ka Moranang 2023.<ref>[https://www.da.org.za/2023/04/da-leadership-election-results-2 "DA Leadership Election Results".] Democratic Alliance. 3 April 2023.</ref> === Letsholo la go emela maemo a mmatoropo wa Johannesburg ka 2025 === Ka Seetebosigo 2025, Zille o ne a itsise fa a akanya go emela maemo a mmatoropo wa [[Johannesburg]]. O ne a re o tlaa tsaya tshwetso pele ga Seetebosigo a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa 2025, letsatsi le e neng e le lone le le beilweng gore bontlhopheng ba bo ba setse ba ikwadisitse.<ref name=":1">Ferial Haffajee (9 June 2025). [https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2025-06-09-helen-zille-eyes-joburg-mayorship-after-das-top-picks-decline-post/ "Helen Zille eyes Joburg mayorship after DA's top picks decline post".] Daily Maverick. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> Democratic Alliance, e Zille e leng modulasetilo wa khansele ka yone, e tshegeditse maemo a mmatoropo wa Joburg gabedi; ka Firikgong 2023, morago ga [[Mpho Phalatse]] sena go nna mo maemong ao ngwaga o le mongwe. Makhanselara a DA a loga maano a go lwela maemo ao. Zille o supile go tlhoka go itumelela ka fa toropokgolo [[Johannesburg]] e ntseng e tsamaisiwa ka teng mo dingwageng tse di sa tswang go feta, are go tlaa tsaya dingwaga di feta botlhano go fetola toropo. O ne a re Johannesburg e ko morago ka dikago tsa dibilione di le makgolo a mabedi, le madi a dibilione di le masome a robabobedi le borataro. O ne a re babereki ba toropokgolo eo ba oketsegile ka 86% fa e sale ka 2010. O ne a re o ka kgona tiro eo, ebile o ka nna mmatoropo wa tlhwatlhwa wa Johannesburg ka a na le maitemogelo a nako ya fa a le mmatoropo wa Kapa, a fetola toropo eo ka nako ya fa go phutlhama ga toropo go ne go ngosela ka 2006, ga mmogo le maitemogelo a gagwe fa e le moeteledipele wa kgaolo ya Kapa Bophirima.<ref name=":1" /> Toropo ya Kapa e amogetse dikakgolo tse dintsi go bo e na le tsamaiso e e itshetletseng, mme puso ya yone e itemogetse go supiwa ka monwana gote e busiwa ke batho basweu fela. Mosekaseki mogolo wa Aforika Borwa o rile ke yone e e gaisang mo go tsamaisiweng sentle mo lefatsheng leo dingwaga di le tharo di tlhomagana, ka 2025.<ref>Malcolm Libera (29 May 2025). [https://businesstech.co.za/news/government/826047/the-best-run-city-in-south-africa-for-three-years-in-a-row/ "The best-run city in South Africa for three years in a row"]. BusinessTech. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> Palo e ntsi ya go ngongorega ka tlhaolele ya lotso le mmala mo dikgaolo tsotlhe kwa Aforika Borwa, e tswa kwa Kapa Bophirima. Ba ba kgatlhanong ba re tsamaiso ya Kapa e itebagantse thata le batho basweu, mme e itlhokomolositse batho bantsho.<ref>[https://www.politicsweb.co.za/politics/cape-town-the-lives-lost-to-da-neglect--good "Cape Town: The lives lost to DA neglect – GOOD - POLITICS | Politicsweb".] ''www.politicsweb.co.za''. Retrieved 09 December 2015</ref><ref>[https://www.sahrc.org.za/index.php/sahrc-media/news?start=180 "News".] ''www.sahrc.org.za''. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref><ref>Online, Central News (22 September 2025). [https://centralnews.co.za/mantashe-da-governs-suburbs-neglects-townships/ "Mantashe: DA Governs Suburbs, Neglects Townships | Central News South Africa".] Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> Zille o ne a re fa a le mmatoropo o tlaa itebaganya le netefatsa go itshetlela ga itsholelo le madi a Joburg, le go busetsa ditirelo tsa setshaba mo maemong a a siameng, le dikitso tsa khansele ya Johannesburg, le go thapa batho mo maemong a tlhwatlhwa, ke tsone boremelelo jwa go tlhabolola Joburg.<ref name=":2">[https://businesstech.co.za/news/government/827531/helen-zille-reveals-her-plan-to-stop-johannesburgs-collapse/ "Helen Zille reveals her plan to stop Johannesburg's collapse".] BusinessTech. 10 June 2025. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> O ne a tswelela ka gore go baakanya Johannesburg go tlaa tlhoka gore setshaba sotlhe se tseye karolo, le gore batho ke bapati ba botlhokwa mo tsamaisong eo. Tsholofelo ya gagwe ke gore banni ba toropo ba tlaa tswelela ba nna mo go yone go thusa go e baakanya, le gore ba ba fudugetseng kwa moseja le bone ba tlaa boela gae go dira jalo.<ref name=":2" /> == Manganga == === Dipelaelo tsa tlhaolele ya lotso le mmala === Ka Motsheganong 2019, Zille o ne a kopiwa go ikopa maitshwarelo ka tshwaelo e mo go yone a neng a re go nna mo tshiamelong ga batho bantsho go tewa go utswa le go tlhophiwa gape. Zille o ne a kwala jaana mo maranyaneng a twitter: "Go a makatsa. Batho ba ka taboga letsatsi lotlhe ba akaretsa ka lotso la palo potlana fela mo lefatsheng ka go seegela kwa thoko batho basweu, mme fa o ba utlwisa se ba se dirileng, loapi lo a wa. Ga ke tle go nna maphata mabedi". Zille o ne a tswelela ka gore o tlhabisiwa ditlhong ke go akaretsa gaa Aforika Borwa fa ba bua la batho basweu. O ne a re bosweu ke lefoko la morogano le le dirisiwang go kgapela kwa thoko.<ref>Nkanjeni, Unathi (27 December 2019). [https://www.sowetan.co.za/news/south-africa/2019-12-27-7-times-helen-zille-tweeted-herself-into-hot-water/ "7 times Helen Zille tweeted herself into hot water".] ''SowetanLive''. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> Zille o ne a kgaletswe go bitsa seopedi [[Simphiwe Dana]] motho montsho o o atlegileng.<ref>Smith, David (29 December 2011). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/dec/29/south-africa-racism-row-twitter "South Africa racism row breaks out on Twitter".] ''The Guardian''. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> === Ditshwaelo tsa 2008 tsa kilo ya batswakwa. === Phathi ya DA le mmatoropo wa yone wa nako eo Helen Zille ba ne ba amogela kgalo ka tsibogo ya bone ya ditlhaselo tsa batswakwa ka 2008 kwa Kapa.<ref>Kaplan, Kenneth (15 June 2008). [https://web.archive.org/web/20121022004416/http://www.boston.com/news/world/blog/2008/07/post_4.html "In Cape Town, hopes dim as progress lags".] ''The Boston Globe''. Archived from the original on 12 January 2012.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081201220518/http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/49179/print "Shattered Myths: The xenophobic violence in South Africa".] Pambazuka News. 3 July 2008. Archived from the original on 1 December 2008.</ref> Tona wa madi, [[Trevor Manuel]] o ne a supa Zille ka monwana go bo a butswela molelo ka go bua kgatlhanong le tiriso ditagi ya batswakwa fa a etetse kwa [[Mitchell's Plain]]. Zille o ne a fetola ka gore ga a inolwa sentle, a gwetlha Manuel go bala mafoko a gagwe mo dipampiring tsa dikgang.<ref>[https://www.politicsweb.co.za/politics/a-revolution-of-rising-expectations "A revolution of rising expectations"]. Archived from the original on 22 July 2011.</ref> Zille gape o supile ANC ka monwana a re e dirile ngwao ya go ikaega ka puso, e e tlhaelang go tlhabologa ga itsholelo mo go bakang letlhoo la batswakwa.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080530112154/http://www.sowetan.co.za/News/Article.aspx?id=772086 "Proactive Steps Needed to Quell Xenophobia: Zille".] The Sowetan. 23 May 2008. Archived from the original on 30 May 2008.</ref> === Go diriwa molato ga go anamisa mogare wa HIV ka bomo mo bapating ba le bantsi === Fa a buisa bokopano jwa botsogo jo bo neng bo tshwerwe ke lephata la botsogo kwa Kapa Bophirima,Zille o ne a re banna ba ba itseng gore ba na le mogare wa HIV, mme ba gana go dirisa sekausu gape ba na le bapati ba bantsi, ba tshwanetse go atlholelwa go leka go bolaya motho, le go fetola go itebaganya le kalafi ya malwetsi a a kgonang go thibelwa go itebaganngwe le a a sa kgoneng go thibelwa. Balweladitshwanelo bangwe ba AIDS ba ne ba tsibosa ka tshwaelo eo ba re e botlhaswa ebile e latlha batho.<ref name=":3">[https://iol.co.za/capeargus/zille-targets-men-who-don-t-use-condoms-1.1174642 "Zille targets men who don't use condoms – Cape Argus".] IOL.co.za. 9 November 2011. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> Gareng ga ba ba neng ba kgala maemo a ga Zille e ne e le moithuti wa molaomotheo [[Pierre de Vos]]<ref>Vos, Pierre De (10 November 2011). [https://constitutionallyspeaking.co.za/helen-zille-the-hiv-populist/ "Helen Zille, the HIV populist – Constitutionally Speaking".] Constitutionallyspeaking.co.za. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> le molweladitshwanelo wa AIDS le mookamedi wa Section 27,Mark Heywood.<ref name=":3" /><ref>[http://section27.org.za/tag/mark-heywood/ "Mark Heywood".] Section 27. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> === Batshabi go tswa kwa Kapa Botlhaba === Ka 2012, Zille o ne a nna mo mangangeng morago ga gore a kwale mo maranyaneng a tweeter are: "Fa thuto ya Kapa Botlhaba e phutlhame, Kapa Bophirima o agile dikolo di le masome a mararo - tse di masome mabedi le bobedi di le disha, di robabobedi di beeletsa tse nne tsa batshabi ba Kapa Botlhaba. Dikolo di le masome mabedi le borataro di santse di tla."<ref>[https://www.theedgesearch.com/2017/06/top-3-helen-zille-controversies-proven.html Top 3 Helen #Zille Controversies proven as Racist] ( 1. HIV, Refugees and Colonialism ), ''The Edge Search''. Retrieved on 09 December 2025</ref> Mafoko a gagwe a ne sala morago mogwanto kwa [[Grabouw]] ka go tlala ga sekolo sengwe mo gae. ANC e ne ya re go bitsa baithuti ba Kapa Botlhaba ba ba tletseng kwa dikolong tsa [[Kapa Bophirima]] batshabi, ga se setho.<ref>[https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2012-04-04-tough-lessons-for-zille-from-refugee-tweet-debacle/#.WQM1WIVKxFU "Tough lessons for Zille from refugee tweet debacle – Daily Maverick".] ''dailymaverick.co.za''. 4 April 2012.</ref> Zille morago o ne a ikopa maitshwarelo a re o ikotlhaela mafoko ao. A ikotlhaya ka mafoko a gagwe a me a sa ree jalo. O ne a re se a neng a leka go se supa ke se tona wa thuto go tswa kwa moding [[Angie motshega|Angie Motshekga]] a se bitsang polelo e e tshosang mo thutong kwa [[Kapa Botlhaba]].<ref>[https://iol.co.za/news/politics/2012-04-24-zille-says-sorry-for-refugee-tweet/ "Zille says sorry for 'refugee' tweet".] ''www.iol.co.za''.</ref> === Kopano e e retetseng le Agang === Jaaka moeteledipele wa DA,Zille o ne a okametse maiteko a a retetseng a go kopana le phathi ya kganetso ya [[Agang]],<ref>[https://mg.co.za/article/2014-02-02-ramphele-and-zilles-da-marriage-over/ "Ramphele and Zille's brief DA marriage over | News | National | M&G"]. Mg.co.za. 2 February 2014. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> e ka nako eo e neng e eteletswe pele ke [[Mamphela Ramphele]]. Morago ga go itsise ka kopano eo, le Zille a sena go atla Ramphele mo go tumileng kwa bokopanong jwa metswedi ya dikgang, bokopabong bo ne jwa phutlhama morago ga malatsi a matlhano fa DA e ne e sa kgone go dumalana la go ya pele le Agang: o ne a batla go tswelela e le moeteledipele wa Agang fa a ntse a emetse botautona jwa DA, mme Zille o ne a mmolelela gore seo ga se ka fa molaong.<ref>Setumo Stone; Khulekani Magubane (3 February 2014). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130620232733/http://www.bdlive.co.za/ "Zille, Ramphele provide their reasons for break-up".] BDlive. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref><ref>South African Press Association (5 February 2014). [https://allafrica.com/stories/201402051165.html "South Africa: Confusion Over DA-Agang Political Donor".] allAfrica.com. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> ANC e ne ya re diphathi tse di tswang kwa ntle di ntshetsa kopano eo madi.<ref>eNCA. [https://web.archive.org/web/20151003093106/https://www.enca.com/south-africa/foreign-influence-daagang-merger-worries-anc "Foreign influence in DA-Agang merger worries ANC".] eNCA. Archived from the original on 3 October 2015. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> === Manganga a bokolone go tswa mo loetong lwa Singapore le Japan === Ka Mopitlo 2017, morago ga loeto lwa [[Singapore]] le Japan lo lo lopileng dikete di le makgolo a marataro batho ba le batlhano,Zille o ne a tshwaela mo maranyaneng a twitter are "ba ba reng boswa jwa bokolone ke jo bo sa siamang fela, akanyang ka molao wa rona o o ikemetseng, ditsela, metsi jalo jalo".<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20241211081913/https://twitter.com/x/migrate?tok=7b2265223a222f68656c656e7a696c6c652f7374617475732f383432323630353339363434343937393231222c2274223a313733333930353135337d760180b56ffbe28239ae4444c75fbf35 "x.com".] ''X (formerly Twitter)''. Archived from the original on 11 December 2024. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref><ref name=":4">Deklerk, Aphiwe (16 March 2017). [https://www.theherald.co.za/news/2017/03/16/colonialism-wasnt-bad-says-helen-zille/ "Colonialism wasn't all bad' says Helen Zille".] ''The Herald Live''. Retrieved 09 December 2025.</ref> Tshakgalo e e neng ya dala morago e ne ya baka dikgalemo mo phathing. Zille o ne a sekasekelwa ditshwaelo tsa gagwe ka boswa jwa bokolone ke komiti ya ditshwanelo tsa setho go bo go na le kgonagalo ya gore o  tlodile tlotla ya setho.<ref name=":5">Sesant, Siyabonga (12 May 2017). [https://iol.co.za/news/politics/2017-05-12-zille-gets-served-for-colonialism-tweets/ "Zille gets served for 'colonialism' tweets".] ''Independent Online''. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> ==== Go kgalwa le kgalemo ==== Morago ga gore go te o sireletsa bokolone, Zille o ne a re mafoko a gagwe ga a tlhaloganngwa<ref name=":5" />, mme gape a ikopa maitshwarelo ka mafoko a a neng a a kwadile mo twitter a a ka tswang a utlwetse ekete a mo lotlhakoreng lwa bokolone. A ne a sa nna jalo.<ref name=":4" /> Mo go ba baneng ba sa dumalane le ene ke maloko a mangwe a DA, a tshwana le [[Mbali Ntuli]], o a neng a re bokolone ga bo a siama fela botlhe,<ref name=":4" /> o le ene a kileng a kgalemelelwa ka 2017, go rata tshwaelo mo Facebook ka Morule 2016 e e neng e re Zille o tlhaola batho ka lotso le mmala;<ref>Cele, S’Thembile (21 May 2017). [https://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/ntuli-charge-could-put-maimane-against-selfe-20170520 "Ntuli charge could put Maimane against Selfe"]. ''News24''. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> [[Phumzile van Damme]], o a neng a re ga go na sepe ka bokolone se go ka tweng se siame kgotsa se siametse ma Aforika; le moeteledipele wa phathi [[Mmusi Maimane]], o a neng a re bokolone, jaaka puso ya tlhaolele, e ne e le tsamaiso ya kgatelelo. Ga e ka ke jwa nna le mabaka,<ref name=":6">Deklerk, Aphiwe (16 March 2017). [https://web.archive.org/web/20170316122648/http://www.timeslive.co.za/politics/2017/03/16/BREAKING-Zille-faces-disciplinary-action-from-DA-after-controversial-tweets1 "Breaking: Zille faces disciplinary action from DA after controversial tweets".] ''Times LIVE''. Archived from the original on 16 March 2017. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> mme gape morago are Zille ga a na tlhaolele<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-39472631 "Colonialism tweets lead to disciplinary".] ''BBC News''. 2 April 2017.</ref> le gore o lole kgatlhanong le kgatelelo. <ref name=":7">[https://www.citizen.co.za/news/south-africa/helen-zille-received-her-disciplinary-charges/ "Helen Zille receives her disciplinary charges".] ''The Citizen''. 12 April 2017. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref>Mopalamente wa DA [[Ghaleb Cachalia]] o ne a le mo lotlhakoreng lwa ga Zille are o ne a na le dikakanyo tse di siameng. O ne a dumalana le ene gore bokolone ga se gore ga bo a siama botlhe, are bontsi jwa bo ramatlhale ba akaretsa [[Chinua Achebe]], [[Ali Mazrui]], [[Godfrey Mwakikagile]] le [[Manmohan Singh]], ba buile mafoko a a tshwanang.<ref>Cachalia, Ghaleb (30 March 2017). [https://web.archive.org/web/20170912192230/https://www.businesslive.co.za/fm/opinion/on-my-mind/2017-03-30-ghaleb-cachalia-let-all-views-be-heard/ "Ghaleb Cachalia: Let all views be heard"]. ''Financial Mail''. Archived from the original on 12 September 2017. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref><ref>Cachalia, Ghaleb (28 March 2017). [https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/opinionista/2017-03-28-lets-give-helen-zille-the-benefit-of-the-doubt/ "Let's give Helen Zille the benefit of the doubt".] ''The Daily Maverick''. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> Diphathi tsa ANC le [[Economic Freedom Fighters]] tsotlhe di ne tsa re Zille a ntshiwe mo maemong a gagwe jaaka moeteledipele wa Kapa Bophirima.<ref>[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/3/16/outrage-over-helen-zilles-colonialism-tweets "Outrage over Helen Zille's colonialism tweets".] ''aljazeera.com''. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> Ka ntlha ya ditshwaelo tsa gagwe mo maranyaneng, Zille o ne a isiwa komiting ya DA ya molao, go kgalemelelwa<ref name=":6" /> go diga serodumo sa phathi le go e senya leina.<ref name=":7" /><ref name=":8">Tandwa, Lizeka (17 May 2017). [https://mg.co.za/article/2017-05-17-battle-lines-drawn-between-maimane-and-zille/ "Battle lines drawn between Maimane and Zille".] ''The M&G Online''. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> Morago ga dikgang tseo,Zille o ne a tswelela ka gore le [[Nelson Mandela]] o ne a dumela se se tshwanang le sa gagwe ka bokolone.<ref>Zille, Helen (20 March 2017). [https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/opinionista/2017-03-20-from-the-inside-lessons-from-singapore/ "From the Inside: Lessons from Singapore"]. ''The Daily Maverick''. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref><ref>Zille, Helen (28 March 2017). [https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/opinionista/2017-03-28-from-the-inside-a-debate-of-urgent-national-importance/ "From the Inside: A debate of urgent national importance".] ''dailymaverick.co.za''. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> Go tswelela a itshwarelela ka ditshwaelo tsa gagwe go ne ga baka kgotlhang mo teng ga makgotla a [[Democratic Alliance]], ebile go bonwa e le go nyatsa moeteledipele Maimane.<ref>Madia, Tshidi; Gallens, Mahlatse (23 March 2017). [https://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/zilles-dumb-tweets-biggest-headache-for-maimane-20170323 "Zille's 'dumb tweets' biggest headache for Maimane".] ''News24''. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> Maimane o ne a re melato ya ga Zille ga se ya twitter fela, e akaretsa metseletsele ya ditshwaelo tse di rurifaditseng le go oketsa se tshwaelo ya ntlha e neng e se bua. Mekwalo ya gagwe e e tsileng morago, e mo go yone a neng a itsetsepela ka mafoko a gagwe<ref name=":9">Villette, Francesca (3 April 2017). [https://iol.co.za/capetimes/news/2017-04-03-suspend-zille-over-racism-charges/ "Suspend Zille over racism charges".] ''Independent Online''. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref>, e ne ya senya botsalano le Maimane le go gaisa.<ref name=":8" /><ref>Collins, Farren (8 May 2017). [https://web.archive.org/web/20171025125906/https://www.businesslive.co.za/rdm/politics/2017-05-08-now-maimane-lays-into-zille-over-sunday-times-article/ "Now Maimane lays into Zille over Sunday Times article"]. ''Business Live''. Archived from the original on 25 October 2017. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref><ref>Pather, Ra'eesa (8 May 2017). [https://mg.co.za/article/2017-05-08-the-zille-column-maimane-didnt-approve-and-a-deteriorating-relationship/ "The Zille column Maimane didn't approve, and their deteriorating relationship".] ''The M&G Online''. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> === Ditlhwatlhwa === Ka Moranang 2017, Zille o ne a kgalelwa loeto lwa gagwe lwa [[Singapore]], lo lo neng lo bonwa lo turile ka tlhwatlhwa ya sedikadike sa diranta. Go ya ka mmueledi wa ga Zille, dikete di le makgolo a marataro, masome a mararo le borataro e ne e le ditlhwatlhwa tsa mosepele, dikete di le makgolo a matlhano e ne e le tsa dikgwebo. Go ya ka mmueledi, loeto loo, lo lo neng lo akaretsa loeto go ya [[Japan]], lo ne lo ikaeletswe go nonotsha dipeeletso tsa [[Asia Pacific Vision|Asia]] mo dijong tsa halaal, le go rotloetsa bojanala jwa [[Kapa Bophirima]] kwa kgaolong eo.<ref name=":9" /> Zille o ne a re o ne a ile a sena mothusi go leka go fokotsa madi a loeto.<ref>[https://iol.co.za/news/politics/2017-05-08-answers-wanted-from-zille-over-r1m-trip-to-asia/ "Answers wanted from Zille over R1m trip to Asia"]. ''www.iol.co.za''.</ref> === Ditshwaelo tsa twitter tsa puso ya tlhaolele === Ka Seetebosigo a ya fifing ngwaga wa 2020, Zille o ne a tshwaela mo twitter are "go na le melao e mentsi ya tlhaolele ya lotso le mmala gompieno go gaisa ka nako ya puso ya tlhaolele". O ne a kwala gape are fa e ne e se ka tautona wa pele [[F.W de Klerk]] go tsaya tshwetso ya go phatlalatsa puso ya tlhaolele, ANC e ka bo e ntse e le mo dipharagobeng tsa dikampa tsa yone tsa kgololesego le go lwantshana ka ANC e ne e sena kgotlhang epe ya dibetsa e e ka buang ka yone.<ref>[https://www.citizen.co.za/news/opinion/maybe-zille-was-right-on-more-racist-laws-today-than-during-apartheid/ "Maybe Zille was right on more racist laws today than during apartheid".] ''The Citizen''. 2 July 2020. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> John Steenhuisen, moeteledipele wa nakwana wa DA ka nako eo, o ne a intsha mo ditshwaelong tsa ga Zille,<ref>Madisa, Kgothatso (24 June 2020). [https://www.sowetan.co.za/news/south-africa/2020-06-24-da-leaders-distance-themselves-from-zilles-tweet-on-racist-laws/ "DA leaders distance themselves from Zille's tweet on racist laws".] ''SowetanLIVE''. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> komiti ya DA ya molao e ne ya simolola tlhotlhomiso ya ditshwaelo tsa gagwe.<ref>[https://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/zilles-apartheid-tweets-horn-to-lead-investigation-but-no-time-frame-given-yet-20200629 "Zille's apartheid tweets: Horn to lead investigation, but no time frame given yet".] Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> Dr Duncan Du Bois, moitseanape wa ditso le mosekaseki wa sepolotiki, o ne a ema nokeng mafoko a ga Zille. O ne a re, go ya ka tshekatsheko ya ga James Myburgh,<ref name=":10">[https://www.biznews.com/thought-leaders/2020/07/15/race-laws "James Myburgh: ANC race laws revolution. MUST READ!".] ''BizNews.com''. 15 July 2020. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> puso ya tlhaolele e fetisitse melao e le masome matlhano le borobabongwe ya lotso le mmala mo dingwageng di le masome a supa, fa puso ya morago ga tlhaolele e fetisitse melao e le masome a robabongwe mo dingwageng di le masome a mabedi le botlhano.<ref>[https://iol.co.za/the-star/opinion/2020-08-06-letter-there-are-more-race-based-laws-now-than-under-apartheid/ "Letter: There are more race based laws now than under apartheid".] ''www.iol.co.za''. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> Mosekaseki wa sepolotiki James Myburgh o ne a re ditshwaelo tsa ga Hellen Zille di ka tswa di oketsa mme ga di phoso. Tshekatsheko ya ga Myburgh le fa go ntse jalo e ne e akaretsa melao ya morago ga puso ya tlhaolele e e neng e pateletsa go nna le kemedi ya ditso le mebala yotlhe mo makgotleng, mme e sa akaretsa melao ya nako ya puso ya tlhaolele e e neng e itebagantse le Bantustans.<ref name=":10" /><ref>[https://omalley.nelsonmandela.org/index.php/site/q/03lv02167/04lv02264/05lv02335/06lv02357/07lv02359/08lv02371.htm "Chapter 13: Chronology of Apartheid Legislation1 - The O'Malley Archives".] ''omalley.nelsonmandela.org''. Truth and Reconciliation Commission. Retrieved 09 December 2025</ref> === Magatwe a go thapa ka losika === Fa Zille e le moeteledipele, mopalamente Cameron Dugmore o ne a mo supa ka monwana are o thapa babereki ka losika, a re o dirisitse dithata tsa gagwe jaaka moeteledipele go lwela gore lephata la thuto le fe ngwana wa gagwe wa mosimane Paul Maree didirisiwa tse di rekilweng ka madi a lefatshe go lekeletsa maranyane a gagwe. Dugmore o ne a re morwae o ne a neetswe ditablets, a le mo letsholong la go tlhama kgwebo ya gagwe e e ikemetseng, le gore dikgwebo tse dingwe di ne di seegetswe kwa thoko mo tsamaisong eo. Dugmore o ne a isa kgang e kwa ofising ya mosireletsi go sekasekiwa a kopa ofisi ya peo molao ya Kapa Bophirima go sekaseka moetelepele go bo a tlodile melao.<ref>[https://iol.co.za/news/politics/2017-06-20-breach-of-ethics-claim-against-zille/ "'Breach of ethics' claim against Zille".]</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Zille o ne a nyetswe ke Professor Johann Maree ka 1982, ba na le bana ba basimane ba le babedi. Ke leloko la kereke ya Rondebosch United kwa [[Cape Town]].<ref>[https://www.ekklesia.co.uk/ "Tutu commends Christian communicators in justice struggle".] ''Ekklesia''. 15 December 2015.</ref> == Dikgatiso == * Zille, Helen (Phalane 2016). ''Not Without a Fight.'' Penguin Books. ISBN 9781776090426 * Zille, Helen (Moranang 2021). ''#StayWoke: Go Broke:Why South Africa won't survive America's culture wars (and what you can do about it)''. E gatisitswe ka bo esi. ISBN 9798727953457 == Metswedi == 2vg0043525bitgmz8xi4ll7zw0qne4t 2 12756 55385 54959 2026-09-23T10:15:34Z Tayo ricci 12499 www 55385 wikitext text/x-wiki Leina la me ke Tayo Ricci. [[Modirisi:Tayo ricci/Draft 1|Draft 1]] [[Modirisi:Tayo ricci/Draft 2|Draft 2]] [[Draft 1]] [[Draft 2]] [[Draft 1]] tg6ry3tcxykwl5f2x5xr4lsrzs5q9gi 55386 55385 2026-09-23T10:17:41Z Tayo ricci 12499 mkm 55386 wikitext text/x-wiki Leina la me ke Tayo Ricci. [[Modirisi:Tayo ricci/Draft 1|Draft 1]] [[Modirisi:Tayo ricci/Draft 2|Draft 2]] [[Draft 1]] [[Draft 2]] Draft 1 i4neiqfkx42z0o34dfc7vqpsbw5wil8 55387 55386 2026-09-23T10:18:12Z Tayo ricci 12499 hjiuh 55387 wikitext text/x-wiki Leina la me ke Tayo Ricci. [[Modirisi:Tayo ricci/Draft 1|Draft 1]] [[Modirisi:Tayo ricci/Draft 2|Draft 2]] [[Draft 1]] [[Draft 2]] [[Draft 1]] rzzca6ucfqca1jzys4occginudsp4f8 55389 55387 2026-09-23T10:20:06Z Tayo ricci 12499 ihii 55389 wikitext text/x-wiki Leina la me ke Tayo Ricci. [[Modirisi:Tayo ricci/Draft 1|Draft 1]] [[Modirisi:Tayo ricci/Draft 2|Draft 2]] [[Draft 1]] [[Draft 2]] [[Draft 1]] tg6ry3tcxykwl5f2x5xr4lsrzs5q9gi 2 12772 55383 54339 2026-09-23T10:09:48Z Tayo ricci 12499 uui 55383 wikitext text/x-wiki Moriri wa mosadi '''Moriri''' wa mosadi mongwe le mongwe o bua dilo tse dintsi. Moriri wa mosadi le bokgosi ba gage,ga o supe bontle fela. Ga gona sengwe gape se se buang dikgang tse dintsi ka mosadi jaaka moriri wa gage.Ke mo bontle ba bona bo leng teng.Lefoko le le dirisiwa go tlhalosa bontle, tlhokomelo, kgotsa mokgwa o moriri o baakantsweng ka ona.[1] Go le gantsi fa o ka lebelela basadi ba le bantsi ba dira meriri ya bona pele ba tlhopa diaparo tse ba ileng go di apara.Moriri o ba thusa go tlhopa diaparo le ka mokgwa yo ba tlileng go ikhutlwa ka teng. Meriri e e nale mathata a a ma golo thata mme a dipuo dile dintsi.Ga e bue ba tshobotsi ya motho fela mme e bua le ka maitsholo le mekgwa ya motho,ke ka mo basadi ba e tlhokomelang thata ka gona.Gantsi go bolelwa fa moriri wa mosadi e le bontle jwa gagwe ("khiba ya tlhogo" kgotsa "khiba ya sefatlhego" ka tsela ya setshwantsho).Gantsi go bolelwa fa moriri wa mosadi e le bontle jwa gagwe ("khiba ya tlhogo" kgotsa "khiba ya sefatlhego" ka tsela ya setshwantsho).[2] Basadi ba tsela meriri ya bona matsapa go feta dilo tse tsotlhe.Mosadi fa a dirille moriri o ngwana fa a neilwe senotsididi.Mosadi fa a dirile moriri o nna le lethabo le le utlwalang tota.Ga go ope yo o ka mo digang moya.Bontle ba mosadi bo mo moriring.[3] [https://www.biblesa.co.za/bible/TSW70/SNG.5 https://www.biblesa.co.za] [https://www.cambridge.org/za/files/7315/8918/6341/Study__Master_Gr12_Setswana_Karolo_4.pdf https://www.cambridge.org][https://www.biblesa.co.za/bible/TSW70/SNG.5 .] [[Mosadi|https://tn.wikipedia.org]] == reference == <references />[https://www.biblesa.co.za/bible/TSW70/SNG.5 https://www.biblesa.co.za] [https://www.cambridge.org/za/files/7315/8918/6341/Study__Master_Gr12_Setswana_Karolo_4.pdf https://www.cambridge.org][https://www.biblesa.co.za/bible/TSW70/SNG.5 .] [[Mosadi|https://tn.wikipedia.org]] ec2crkgng0imruk41490f3vp3xd8cdb 0 13460 55378 54327 2026-09-23T10:00:30Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55378 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Letamo la Theewaterskloof''' ke letamo le le ikagetsweng le le kwa nokeng ya Sonderend gaufi le Villierdorp, kwa [[Kapa Bophirima]], kwa [[Aforika Borwa]]. Ka tsamaiso le kwa mmasepaleng wa Theewaterskloof. Le tlhamilwe ka 1978 ebile ke letamo le letona mo marafatlhatlheng a metsi a Kapa Bophirima ka selekanyo sa di mithara di le makgolo a mane, le masome a robabobedi, 41% wa metsi a a beilweng a a teng kwa Kapa, kwa go nang le palo ya batho ba feta didikadike tse nne.<ref>[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/gis_apps/dam/dams/index.htm List of South African Dams] from the [[Lephata la metsi le Kgopo leswe|Department of Water Affairs]]</ref> Letamo le le dirisediwa thata madirelo le mmasepala le go nosetsa. Borai jwa lone bo kwa godimo.<ref name=":0">[["List of Registered Dams"]]. Dam Safety Office, Department of Water and Sanitation. November 2019. Retrieved 09 June 2026</ref> == Popego ya letamo == Lebotana la letamo la Theewaterskloof le di mithara di le makgolo a marataro, masome a mane le borataro ka boleele le di mithara di le masome a mararo le botlhano go ya kwa godimo.<ref name=":0" /> Mosele o o phunyeletsang lebota o letla gore metsi a kgone go ntshediwa kwa nokeng ya Sonderend. Mosele o o ka kgona morwalela wa di mithara di le makgolo a mararo, masome a robabongwe le bone ka sephatlo sa motsotso.<ref name=":1">van Vuuren, Lani (May 2011). [https://web.archive.org/web/20240613165736/https://www.wrc.org.za/wp-content/uploads/mdocs/10%20W%20history%20p%2022-25.pdf "Blood, sweat and tears at Riviersonderend"] (PDF). ''The Water Wheel''. '''10''' (3). Water Research Commission: 22–25. Retrieved 09 June 2026</ref> Mosele wa Charmaine o tsaya metsi kwa molatswaneng go ya kwa moseleng wa Franschhoek, go ya [[Noka ya Berg|nokeng ya Berg]] le go ya mo mafaratlhatlheng a [[Cape Town]] a metsi. Ka Mariga mosele o o ka bereka ka go boela kwa morago, o busetsa metsi a mantso go tswa kwa nokeng ya Berg go ya Theewaterskloof.<ref name=":1" /> Mosele o mongwe o isa metsi kwa Vyeboom go nosetsa maffelo a a mo tikologong ya letamo. == Dithibelo tsa metsi == [[Setshwantsho:Theewaterskloof Dam water extraction point.jpg|thumb]] Pula e e kwa tlase fa e sale ka 2015 e dirile gore seelo sa Theewaterskloof se ye kwa tlase thata. Melawana ya metsi e ne ya bewa ke toropokgolo ya Cape Town ka 2016 go fitlhelela seelo sa di lithara di le makgolo a marataro a metsi ka letsatsi,<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20170607095645/http://www.capetown.gov.za/Family%20and%20home/residential-utility-services/residential-water-and-sanitation-services/2016-residential-water-restrictions-explained Residential water restrictions explained]". ''www.capetown.gov.za''. Retrieved 2026-06-09</ref> baagi ba beetswe seelo sa dilithara di le lekgolo ka letsatsi, ba kganelwa go tlhatswa dikoloi, go nosetsa ditshimo le go tlatsa metsi a a thumang ka metsi a mmasepala. [[Setshwantsho:Theewaterskloof Dam 2018 02 10 (28425520089).jpg|thumb|Theewaterskloof e le mo go 12% ka Tlhakole a le lesome ngwaga wa 2018]] Fa paka ya 2017 ya komelelo e fela, Theewaterskloof e ne e wetse kwa seelong sa 12.9%, 10% wa boffelo a sa kgone go fitlhelelwa. Matsubutsubu a Seetebosigo 2017 a ne a tsisa pula e ntsi, ya oketsa seelo go nna 15%,mme pula ka 2017 e ne e le kwa tlase. Setshwantsho sa go ya tlase ga seelo sa letamo se ne sa supa botlhokwa jwa go somarela metsi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170612184718/http://www.enca.com/south-africa/western-cape-dam-levels-up-only-15-percent-after-storms "Western Cape dam levels up only 1.5% after storms".] ''www.enca.com''. Retrieved 2026-06-09</ref> Dikiletso tsa metsi kwa Cape Town di ne tsa okediwa go tswa mo legatong la bone go ya kwa go la 4b ka Phukwi a rogwa ngwaga wa 2017, go fokodiwa metsi a a dirisiwang go ya kwa dilithareng di le masome a robabobedi le bosupa motho a le mongwe ka letsatsi. Pula ka 2017 e ne ya tswelela e le kwa tlase thata, ka 2018 letamo le ne le le kwa tlase mo go sa siamang, se se baka gore dilithara tsa metsi di fokolediwe kwa go tse di masome matlhano motho a le mongwe ka letsatsi, le maano a go kgadisa metsi ga mmasepala wa Cape Town ka Moranang 2018.<ref>Watts, Jonathan (2018-02-03). [https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2018/feb/03/day-zero-cape-town-turns-off-taps "Cape Town faces Day Zero: what happens when the city turns off the taps?".] ''The Guardian''. Retrieved 2026-06-09</ref> Dipula tse di namagadi tsa mariga a 2019 le 2020,di ne tsa baka gore Theewaterskloof e bone seelo sa 100% ka Phalane 2020.<ref>Bhengu, Lwandile (4 October 2020). [https://www.sowetan.co.za/news/south-africa/2020-10-04-watch-western-capes-largest-dam-overflows-for-the-first-time-in-six-years/ "Western Cape's largest dam overflows for the first time in six years".] ''Sowetan''. Retrieved 09 June 2026</ref> == Pula le selekanyo == Letamo la Theewaterskloof le na le selekanyo sa di mega lithara di le dikete di le makgolo a mane, masome a robabobedi, makgolo a mane leborataro sa metsi, fa molatswana o o tletse, o apesa bophara jwa di heketara di le dikete tlhano, masome a matlhano le borobabongwe.<ref name=":0" /> Kgaolo e e nosiwang ke letamo le e bophara jwa dikhilomithara di le makgolo a matlhano, le nosiwa ke metswedi e e mo kgaolong ya dithaba tsa Hottentots Holland. Lefelo le le itemogela dipula tsa malatsi a le masome a marataro le borobabongwe ka ngwaga.<ref>institutt, NRK og Meteorologisk. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170731043904/https://www.yr.no/place/South_Africa/Western_Cape/Theewaterskloofdam/statistics.html "Weather statistics for Theewaterskloofdam".] ''yr.no''. Archived from [https://www.yr.no/place/South_Africa/Western_Cape/Theewaterskloofdam/statistics.html the original] on 2017-07-31. Retrieved 2026-06-09</ref> Mo ditsong<ref>^{[https://www.dwaf.gov.za/Hydrology/Verified/HyData.aspx?Station=H6E00110.00&DataType=Monthly&StartDT=1974-11-30&EndDT=2017-02-01&SiteType=MET&Format=Old "Rainfall History".]}</ref> dipego di supa fa re le mo nakong ya komelelo<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180115014055/http://www.dwaf.gov.za/Hydrology/Provincial%20Rain/Default.aspx "Western Cape rainfall".] Archived from [https://www.dwaf.gov.za/Hydrology/Provincial%20Rain/Default.aspx the original] on 2018-01-15. Retrieved 2026-06-09</ref> 1mm wa pula o lekana le dilithara di le didikadike di le makgolo a matlhano mo lefelong leo. Ka jalo go tlhokafala methara wa pula go tlatsa letamo le le senang sepe gotlhelele, selo se go seng motlhofo gore se ka direga ka ngwaga o le mongwe. Go tsaya malatsi a le mmalwa fela gore metsi otlhe a a mo lefatsheng a goroge kwa letamong. Go tsewa ke letsatsi ga metsi le ka fa lefatshe le le bongola ka teng go ama selekanyo sa metsi a a gorogang kwa letamong. Seelo sa 9% go tsena ka 15% se dirisiwa go lekanyetsa metsi kgatlhanong le go tsewa ke phefo le letsatsi le go nowa ke mmu. Letamo le leboteng thata metsi a lone ga a tsewe ke phefo le letsatsi thata ka gore ga a phatlhalala. [[Setshwantsho:Theewaterskloof dam.png|left|thumb|312x312px|Kwa letamo le leng teng]] [[Setshwantsho:Theewaterskloof Dam catchment map.svg|center|thumb|Lefelo le le nosiwang ke letamo le]] == Ditiragalo tsa itloso bodutu == Letamo la Theewaterskloof ke lone le go tshwarelwang moletlo wa ngwaga le ngwaga wa mmino wa Synergy Live music Festival, e le mengwe ya meletlo e metona thata ya kwa ntle kwa Aforika Borwa, o gantsi o diragalang ka mafelo a beke a bofelo a kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele kgotsa mafelo a beke a ntlha a kgwedi ya Morule.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170515194213/http://synergylive.co.za/ "Synergy".] Synergy. 2015. Archived from [http://synergylive.co.za/ the original] on 15 May 2017. Retrieved 09 June 2026</ref> == Metswedi == a272w5rzqgrjdc8orgukzxv6tblsbow 0 13807 55388 51198 2026-09-23T10:19:03Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55388 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:ISS006-E-24705 - View of Rwanda (cropped Lake Sake).jpg|thumb|Setshwantsho sa letsha la Sake se se tserweng ka sathalaete]] '''Letsha la Sake''' ke letsha la kwa [[Rwanda]], le le kwa borwa jwa motsana wa Botlhaba. E reeletswe ka toropo ya [[Sake]]. Letsha leno le kwa [[Kgaolong ya Ngoma]] kwa bogodimong jwa dimetara di le sekete,makgolo a mararo le masome a mabedi le borataro (4,350 ft) kwa godimo ga lewatle.<ref>[https://www.mindat.org/feature-201431.html "Lake Sake, Rwanda".] ''Mindat.org''. Retrieved 6 April 2026.</ref> Letsha la Sake ke karolo ya letsha le le golo la Eastern Province ya Rwanda, le le akaretsang matsha a a gaufi jaaka [[Letsha la Mugesera]] le [[Letsha la Rweru]]. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20260414204517/https://www.arcosnetwork.org/uploads/2018/03/Rweru-Mugesera_assessment_Report.pdf "Rweru-Mugesera Assessment Report"] (PDF). ''ARCOS Network''. 2018. Retrieved 6 April 2026.</ref> Letsha leno le gaufi le toropo ya Sake, e e nang le baagi ba le 28 822 go ya ka palo ya batho ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi .<ref>[https://citypopulation.de/en/rwanda/sector/admin/ngoma/5611__rukumberi/ "Rukumberi (Sector, Rwanda)".] ''City Population''. Retrieved 6 April 2026.</ref> == Metswedi == 6dmfpprbtdi7addxyhlpxxpnme77elq 0 13937 55381 51363 2026-09-23T10:07:31Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55381 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Ruwenzori Lake Bujuku 2.jpg|thumb|Letsha la Bujuku]] '''Letsha la Bujuku''' ke letsha le le mo dithabeng tsa Rwenzori, kwa kgaolong ya Kasese, kwa bophirima jwa [[Uganda]].<ref>[https://www.rwenzoriexpeditions.com/things-to-do/lake-bujuku/ "Lake Bujuku | Rwenzori Expeditions".] 2023-02-22. Retrieved 2024-06-03.</ref>Ke lefelo la bojanala.<ref>Tours, Bujuku Eco. [https://bujukuecotours.com/destination/lake-bujuku/ "Lake Bujuku | Gorilla trekking, Wildlife safaris, Rwenzori mountains climbing, Chimpanzee tracking, Uganda safaris Bujuku Eco Tours".] Retrieved 2024-06-03.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20260528125630/https://www.rwenzorinationalpark.com/places/lake-bujuku/ "Lake Bujuku - Places to Visit - Rwenzori National Park".] 2021-12-21. Retrieved 2024-06-03.</ref><ref>[https://www.insiderwenzorimountainsnationalpark.com/lake-bujuku.html "Lake Bujuku, Bujuku Lake on Mountain Rwenzori National Park"]. ''Inside Rwenzori Mountains National Park''. Retrieved 2024-06-03.</ref>Tsela ya go tsamaya ka dinao go ya kwa Letsheng la Bujuku e tsaya bobotlana malatsi a le tharo .[3] Letsha leno le boleele jwa dikilometara di le 1.37 mme le mo dimitara di le dikete tse tharo ,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le boraro kwa godimo ga bogodimo jwa lewatle, kwa tlhogong ya mokgatšha wa Bujuku.<ref>Makanga, Samuel (2023-08-03). [https://www.mountainrwenzorinationalparkuganda.com/attractions/lakes/ "The Lakes of Mount Rwenzori National Park".] ''Rwenzori Mountains National Park''. Retrieved 2024-06-03.</ref> == Metswedi == oe57zy3325xq5kk48mqxfpzasvamxrs 0 14292 55345 52031 2026-09-23T04:39:35Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55345 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Doo Aphane''' ke mmueledi wa moSwati le molwela ditshwanelo tsa bomme. O berekile le makgotla a mantsi a ditshwanelo tsa setho le tsa basadi. Ka ngwaga wa sekete, lesome le bobedi o ne a atlega mo go fetoleng molao wa Swaziland go letlelela bomme ba ba nyetsweng go nna le ditsha mo maineng a bone. == Tiro == Doo Aphane o na le thuto ya molao, ebile o bereka e le mmueledi, a itsebagantse thata le molao wa bong. O tlhamile lekgotla la bomme ba ba tlhabololang bomme, ke ene mookamedi wa lekgotla leo, gape o tlhamile kokelo ya molao ya khansele ya dikereke tsa Swaziland. Aphane o dira dipatlisiso tsa molao, gape ke mokwadi wa dipampiri tsa thuto di le mmalwa. E ne e le morulaganyi wa ntlha wa bomme le molao kwa Swaziland wa ditshwanelo tsa setho kwa borwa jwa Aforika, gape e le morulaganyi wa kgaolo wa mafatshe a borwa jwa Afroika a le marataro a ditshwanelo tsa semolao tsa bomme. Aphane e ne e le mothusa modulasetilo wa lekgotla la mafatshefatshe la letlole la bomme gape e le leloko la komiti ya bogakolodi jwa setegeniki mo bolwetseng jwa HIV/AIDS ya lekgotla la SADC go tswa ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa go tsena wa dikete pedi, lesome le bobedi. E ne e le leloko la lekgotla la mafaratlhatlha a makgarejwana a Swaziland, lekgotla la tshedimosetso le kemo nokeng mo go tsa AIDS gompieno ke ntse ke leloko la lekgotla la African Feminist Forum.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20191027064711/http://www.the-isla.org/doo-aphane/ "Doo Aphane]". Initiative for Strategic Legislation in Africa. Retrieved 06 July 2026</ref> Aphane o ne a tsibosa puso ya Swailand gore mogwanto o o sterengs ebaka wa barutabana wa ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bobedi o ama thuto ya bana le gore go tlhoka go ya sekolong ga bone go ba baya mo diphatseng tsa go thubediwa le go dirisa dinotagi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120803022043/http://www.newstimeafrica.com/archives/27426 "Strike by Teachers does not necessarily mean political liberation for Swaziland – There is need for a regime change agenda"]. ''Newstime Africa''. 1 August 2012. Archived from the original on August 3, 2012. Retrieved 06 July 2026</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi, lesome le bobedi gape o ne a fenya tsheko kwa kgotlatshekelong e tona ya Swaziland a lwela gore bomme ba ba nyetsweng ba tshwanetse go nna le dithoto tsa bone di le mo maineng a bone kgtsa ba di tlhakanetse le banna ba bone; molao o o ne wa fetolwa morago ga tsheko e.<ref>[https://www.escr-net.org/caselaw/2017/attorney-general-v-mary-joyce-doo-aphane-2010-szsc-32/ "Swaziland Supreme Court advances women's property rights".] ESCR-Net. Retrieved 06 July 2026</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20231024015714/https://www.ipsnews.net/2010/03/rights-swaziland-property-rights-at-last-for-women/ RIGHTS-SWAZILAND: Property Rights At Last for Women | Inter Press Service".] ''IPS News''. Retrieved 06 July 2026</ref> == Metswedi == 9pr53e2dtd38ygadopsjvb6mg74ggv5 0 14554 55392 52924 2026-09-23T10:43:39Z Otlotleng03 12986 55392 wikitext text/x-wiki '''TUELO GABONEWE''' Tuelo Gabonewe o belegetswe ka motseng wa Sekhing kwa toropong ya Taung kwa porofenseng ya Bokone Bophirima, ka ngwaga wa 1985. E ne e le moithuti wa Unibesithi ya Bokoni Bophirima go simologa ka 2002 go fitlha 2005, a tsweletsa dithuto tsa gagwe kwa Unibesithing ya Witwatersrand kwa a dirileng Masetase wa gagwe teng (Master of Atrs in Creative Writing) ka 2016<ref>https://xarrabooks.com/team/tuelo-gabonewe/</ref>. Ke mokwadi wa dipadi, dibuka tsa bana, difilimi le motlhagisi wa thelebišene / kutlopono<ref>https://news.nwu.ac.za/language-directorate-hosts-launch-tuelo-gabonewes-dirurubele</ref>. O simolotse go kwala dibuka tsa gagwe ka Seesemane mme morago o bona go le botoka go kwala ka teme ya gaabo ya Setswana. Tuelo o kwadile dibuka di le thataro ka palo, a tsaya karolo / go kwala difilimi di le tlhano di akaretsa, Khanyi (2022) le Bana ba ga Nkoko (2024). Dibuka tsa gagwe tse di itsegeng thata ke Dinotshi (2020) e tswelela pele mo go e e bidiwang Dirurubele (2024). '''METSWEDI''' 8w5zbsz4p41wc1gealr4yore214v7o0 0 14780 55357 53705 2026-09-23T06:18:25Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55357 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox event|name=Go kentela segajaja sa COVID-19 mo Botswana|date=Mopitlo a le malatsi a robabobedi ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso go tsena gompieno|time=(GMT +2)|Location=[[Botswana]]|cause=[[Segajaja sa COVID-19 mo Botswana]]|target=Segajaja sa COVID-19|budget=didikadike tsa madi a di dolara tsa America di le lesome|organisers=Lephata la botso le boitekanelo|participants=mekento e le dikete di le 150,019 (e dirisitswe ka Seetebosigo a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa 2021) batho ba le 150,019 ba kentilwe gangwe fela batho ba le ;efela ba kentilwe mo go tletseng|website=https://dhis2sms.gov.bw/vaccine/}} '''Go kentela segajaja sa COVID-19 mo Botswana''' ke letsholo le le tsweletseng la go femela batho kgatlhanong le mogare wa corona (SARS-Cov-2), mogare o o bakang bolwetse jwa Coronavirus jwa ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabongwe (COVID-19), go tsibogela segajaja se se tsweletseng mo lefatsheng le. Go kenta batho ba le bantsi go simolotse ka Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso, go dirisiwa mokento wa AstraZeneca Covishield pele.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210301171735/https://news.trust.org/item/20210215154035-3mjwo/ "Botswana to use AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine, minister says".] ''news.trust.org''. Archived from [https://news.trust.org/item/20210215154035-3mjwo/ the original] on 1 March 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Go tswa ka Seetebosigo a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso, lefatshe la [[Botswana]] le kentile batho ka mekento e le dikete di le lekgolo masome a matlhano lesome le borobabongwe.<ref>[https://www.statista.com/statistics/1231389/daily-number-of-covid-19-vaccination-doses-in-botswana/ "Botswana: COVID-19 daily vaccine doses 2021".] ''Statista''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210620150523/https://www.statista.com/statistics/1231389/daily-number-of-covid-19-vaccination-doses-in-botswana/ Archived] from the original on 20 June 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref><ref>[https://www.gavi.org/covax-vaccine-roll-out/botswana "COVAX roll-out - Botswana".] ''www.gavi.org''. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20210624195714/https://www.gavi.org/covax-vaccine-roll-out/botswana the original] on 24 June 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> == Tse di diragetseng pele == === Mekento e e rekilweng === {| class="wikitable" |+ !Leina la mokento !Palo ya mekento !e e gorogileng !E e tlhomamisitsweng |- |Pfizer BioNTech |dikete di le lekgol le motso, makgolo a supa le masome a robabongwe |dikete di le lekgol le motso, makgolo a supa le masome a robabongwe |E tlhomamisitswe |- |CoronaVac |Go tlaa itsisiwe |dikete di le makgolo a mabedi |E tlhomamisitswe |- |Covaxin |dikete di le lekgolo, masome a marataro le borataro, makgolo a marataro |dikete di le masome a marataro le borataro, makgolo a marataro |E tlhomamisitswe |- |Janssen |sedikadike, dikete di le makgolo a mabedi |0 |E tlhomamisitswe |- |Moderna |dikete di le makgolo a matlhano |0 |E tlhomamisitswe |- |Oxford-AstraZeneca<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-health-coronavirus-botswana-idUSKBN2AF1JG "Botswana to use AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine, health minister says".] ''Reuters''. 15 February 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> |dikete di le masome a mararo le borobabobedi, makgolo a mane |dikete di le masome a mararo le borobabobedi, makgolo a mane |E tlhomamisitswe |} == Ditso == === Tatelano ya ditiragalo === '''Tlhakole ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso''' Ka Tlhakole, lefatshe la [[Botswana]] le ne la dirisa madi a di dolara di nna didikadike di le lesome go reka mekento.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210306124125/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/africa/2021-02/18/c_139749569.htm "Botswana to start COVID-19 vaccination in March - Xinhua | English.news.cn".] ''www.xinhuanet.com''. Archived from the original on 6 March 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> '''Mopitlo ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso''' Tshimologo ya mekento ya ba ba dingwaga di masome a matlhano le botlhano le go feta (legato lantlha) ka Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le borataro, pele ka mekento ya Covishield e le dikete di le masome a mararo e e abetsweng lefatshe ke lefatshe la [[India]] le e le dikete di le masome a mararo le boraro le makgolo a marataro e e rekilweng ka COVAX.<ref>Mguni, Mbongeni; Basimanebotlhe, Tsaone (26 March 2021). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/vaccination-starts-today-health-ps/news-112557 "Vaccination starts today – Health PS"]. ''Mmegi''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref><ref>MGUNI, MBONGENI (21 May 2021). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/botswana-dodges-bullet-as-india-suspends-vaccine-exports/news "Mmegi Online :: Botswana dodges bullet as India suspends vaccine exports".] ''Mmegi Online''. Archived from the original on 14 June 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref><ref>[https://finance.yahoo.com/news/1-botswana-astrazeneca-covid-19-164147501.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnLw&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAII1hifKbgblx9fk8JmfGy1Vsda8MwB9BP7pxLFtTMEFvTjZ71LhR4wraPZ141UsJStZ3d-J714oy9h8UOeFcP6dhaUr26oIf9uVMsoilR0ojnC065cnwneU1lJd32DHaxgZ1wcvYDNHkUydB9wVXzAAu4F_sMf8pJAwYfWxqALb "UPDATE 1-Botswana to use AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine, minister says".] ''[[:en:Yahoo_Finance|Yahoo! Finance]]''. Reuters. Archived from the original on 24 June 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> '''Moranang ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso''' Mo dibekeng tse nne tsa ntlha batho ba le dikete di le masome a mane le bosupa, lekgolo le masome a marataro ba ne ba amogela mokento wa ntlha.<ref>[https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/61976 "Over 47 000 vaccinated".] ''Daily News''. 26 April 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210426223042/http://www.dailynews.gov.bw/news-details.php?nid=61976 Archived] from the original on 26 April 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Morago ga beke, ka Moranang a le masome a mararo, palo ya ba ba kentilweng e ne e oketsegile go nna dikete di le masome a mane le borobabongwe, makgolo a robabobedi masome a robabobedi le bobedi.<ref>MGUNI, MBONGENI (11 June 2021). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/govt-taps-private-sector-for-p590m-vaccine-shortfall/news "Mmegi Online :: Govt taps private sector for P590m vaccine shortfall".] ''Mmegi Online''. Archived from the original on 14 June 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref><ref>[https://reliefweb.int/report/democratic-republic-congo/unhcr-covid-19-response-southern-africa-1-30-april-2021 "UNHCR COVID-19 Response: Southern Africa, 1 - 30 April 2021 - Democratic Republic of the Congo".] ''ReliefWeb''. 24 May 2021. Archived from the original on 12 June 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> '''Motsheganong ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso''' Batho ba le dikete di le masome a mane le borobabongwe makgolo a robabongwe masome a matlhano le borobabongwe ba ne ba amogela mokento wa ntlha ka Motsheganong a le malatsi a mararo; ba le dikete di le masome a matlhano le boraro, makgolo a mararo masome a supa le botlhano ka Motsheganong a le malatsi a supa; le dikete di le lekgolo masome a mane le bobedi, makgolo a robabobedi masome a. marataro le borobabongwe ka Motsheganong a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi.<ref name=":0">Mguni, Mbongeni (3 June 2021). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/moderna-confirms-supply-deal-with-botswana/news "Moderna confirms supply deal with Botswana".] ''Mmegi''. Archived from the original on 3 June 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Ka Motsheganong a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe, lefatshe la Botswana le ne la amogela mekento e le dikete di le masome a mararo le borobabobedi, le makgolo a mane ya Oxford-AstraZeneca ka lenaneo la COVAX, e rulagantswe ke lekgotla la [[UNICEF Botswana]].<ref>Nimi Princewill (19 May 2021). [https://edition.cnn.com/2021/05/19/africa/covid-19-vaccine-wastage-africa-intl-cmd/index.html "African countries have struggled to secure enough Covid-19 vaccines. So why are thousands of doses going to waste?".] ''CNN''. Archived from the original on 16 June 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref><ref>[https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20210614005371/en/Moderna-Submits-Authorization-Application-for-its-COVID-19-Vaccine-in-Adolescents-in-Switzerland Moderna Submits Authorization Application for its COVID-19 Vaccine in Adolescents in Switzerland"]. ''www.businesswire.com''. 14 June 2021. Archived from the original on 14 June 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> '''Seetebosigo ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso''' Ka Seetebosigo a le malatsi a mararo lefatshe la Botswana le ne la amogela mekento ya Pfizer-BioNTech ka lenaneo la COVAX e le dikete di le lesome le borobabongwe makgolo a robabobedi le masome a robabongwe. Tumalano ya go tsisa mekento e e dirilweng le Moderna e ne ya itsisewe.<ref name=":0" /><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210924185618/https://in.search.yahoo.com/?fr2=inr "Botswana President receives first injection of Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine".] ''in.news.yahoo.com''. Archived from the original on 13 June 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026.</ref><ref>[https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/moderna-enters-supply-deal-with-botswana-covid-19-vaccine-2021-06-03/ "Moderna enters supply deal with Botswana for COVID-19 vaccine".] Reuters. 3 June 2021. Archived from the original on 15 March 2023. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Ka Seetebosigo ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bone lefatshe la Botswana le ne la amogela mekento ya CoronaVac e le dikete di le makgolo a mabedi.<ref name=":1">Kgamanyane, Nnasaretha (2 July 2021). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/phase-two-covid-19-vaccine-to-commence/news "Phase Two COVID-19 vaccine to commence".] ''Mmegi''. Archived from the original on 9 July 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Ka mafelo a kgwedi batho ba le dikete di le masome a robabongwe le motso, makgolo a mane masome a robabobedi le bobedi ba ne ba kentilwe mo go tletseng. '''Phukwi ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso''' Go kentiwa ga batho ba ba dingwaga di le masome a matlhano le botlhano le go feta go ne ga tswelela ka Phukwi a le malatsi a matlhano. Matona a lephata la botsogo ba ne ba itsise maikaelelo a bone a go atolosa mokento kwa go ba ba dingwaga di le masome a mararo go tsena masome a matlhano le bone ka mafelo a Phukwi.<ref name=":1" /> Ka Phukwi a le lesome le borataro, lephata ka botsogo le boitekanelo le ne la bega fa go na le tlhaelo ya mekento ya Oxford-AstraZeneca e le dikete di le lesome le botlhano, e e neng e solofetswe go ka bo e gorogile ka Seetebosigo a simologa. Go baakanya seemo sa tlhaelo le go netefatsa gore ba ba setseng ba tsere mokento wa ntlha wa Oxford-AstraZeneca ba amogela mokento wa bone wa bobedi mo dibekeng di le lesome le bobedi tsa wa ntlha, lephata le ne la gakolola gore ba tseye mokento wa Moderna kgotsa Pfizer-BioNTech mo legatong la bobedi gore fa go ka direga gore Oxford-AstraZeneca e bo e seo.<ref>Phakedi, Tebogo (17 July 2021). [https://www.sabcnews.com/sabcnews/botswana-to-use-other-vaccines-for-second-shots-due-to-delay-in-delivery-of-astrazeneca/ "Botswana to use other vaccines for second shots due to delay in delivery of AstraZeneca"]. SABC. Archived from the original on 17 July 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Ka Phukwi  a le masome mararo, tona wa botsogo le boitekanelo o ne a itsise setshaba gore mo mekentong e le didikadike di le pedi e e rekilweng, go gorogile e le dikete di le makgolo mabedi masome a robabobedi le bobedi makgolo a robabobedi masome a robabongwe.<ref>Mguni, Mbongeni; Basimanebotlhe, Tsaone (3 August 2021). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/frustrations-grow-as-only-14-purchased-vaccines-arrive/news "Frustrations grow as only 14% purchased vaccines arrive".] Mmegi. Archived from the original on 8 August 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Ka mafelo a kgwedi batho ba le dikete di le lekgolo masome a mabedi le bosupa makgolo a mararo masome a marataro le bobedi ba ne ba feditse mekento ya bone yotlhe. '''Phatwe ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso''' [[Setshwantsho:The United States Delivers COVID-19 Vaccine Doses to Botswana (51391201321).jpg|thumb|Lefatshe la US le romela mekento ya Pfizer-BioNTech ya COVID-19 kwa [[Botswana]] e le bontlha jwa lenaneo la COVAX ka ngwaga wa 2021]] Lefatshe la US le tsisa mekento ya Pfizer-BioNTech ya COVID-19 kwa Botswana e le bontlha jwa lenaneo la COVAX ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso ka Phatwe, mookamedi wa lekgotla la bopelotlhomogi le ga tautona wa pele [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] la Khama Foundation le ne la ntsha mokwalo o o reng lekgotla le amogetse mekento e le didikadike di le pedi ya Oxford-AstraZeneca le e le didikadike di le pedi ya Pfizer-BioNTech, e e tswang kwa femeng ya U.S ya KKM Global Group. Lekgotla le ne la re puso e reke mekento e e didikadike di le nne eo, mme le tlhoka tshwetso mo malatsing a le matlhano a pereko. Dikompone tsa Pfizer le AstraZeneca di ne tsa ganetsa gore di isitse mekento epe kwa KKM Global Group.<ref>Chakamba, Rumbi (12 August 2021). [https://www.devex.com/news/is-botswana-s-private-covid-19-vaccine-offer-too-good-to-be-true-100580 "Is Botswana's private COVID-19 vaccine offer too good to be true?".] Devex. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref><ref>Pheage, Tefo (11 August 2021). [https://www.thegazette.news/news/pfizer-denies-vaccine-middlemen/ "Pfizer denies vaccine middlemen".] The Botswana Gazette. Archived from the original on 22 August 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Ka Phatwe a le malatsi a robabobedi, lefatshe la Botswana le ne la amogela mekento ya Oxford AstraZeneca e ke dikete di le masome a mararo le borobabobedi, makgolo a mane, ya salwa morago ke e le dikete di le lekgolo le borobabobedi ya Janssen.<ref>[https://bw.usembassy.gov/the-united-states-donates-81900-doses-of-pfizer-vaccine-to-botswana/ "The United States donates 81,900 doses of Pfizer vaccine to Botswana".] U.S. Embassy in Botswana. 20 August 2021. Archived from the original on 21 August 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Ka Phatwe a le lesome le borobabongwe, le ne la amogela mekento ya Pfizer-BioNTech e le dikete di robabobedi le motso makgolo a robabongwe e e le abetsweng ke lefatshe la [[USA|United States]].<ref>Dube, Mqondisi (14 August 2021). [https://www.voanews.com/a/covid-19-pandemic_botswana-tightens-covid-19-restrictions-amid-rising-death-toll/6209581.html "Botswana tightens COVID-19 restrictions amid rising death toll".] VOA. Archived from the original on 22 August 2021. Retrieved 30 JULY 2026</ref> Ka Phatwe a le masome a mabedi le boraro, kgaolo ya Gaborone le metse e e mabapi e ne e feletswe ke mokento wa Oxford-AstraZeneca, Janssen le CoronaVac, ya tshwanelwa ke go emisa mekento ya ntlha go fitlhelela setshaba se itsisiwe gape, fa mekento e mengwe e sena go goroga. Mekento e ne ya tswelela morago ga kgwedi. Fa kgwedi e fela, batho ba le dikete di le makgolo a mararo masome a mararo le bosupa, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe ba ne ba amogetse mekento ya ntlha fa ba le dikete di le makgolo a mabedi lesome le botlhano, makgolo a matlhano le bobedi ba ne ba amogetse mekento yotlhe ka bobedi. '''Lwetse ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso''' Ka Lwetse a le malatsi a matlhano, lefatshe la Botswana le ne la amogela mekento ya CoronaVac e le dikete di le makgolo a mane le bone, makgolo a mane masome a robabongwe le bone.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210906101511/https://news.fr-24.com/nouvelles/176831.html "Le Botswana reçoit plus de 404 000 vaccins Sinovac COVID-19".] ''News FR-24'' (in French). 5 September 2021. Archived from the original on 6 September 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Ka Lwetse a le lesome le borobabobedi, lefatshe la Botswana le ne la amogela mekento e le lekgolo le motso makgolo a supa le masome a marataro a mekento ya Oxford-AstraZeneca e le dikete di le makgolo a mane le motso, makgolo a mabedi le masome a robabobedi e e abetsweng lefatshe ke lefatshe la Germany.<ref>[https://www.gavi.org/news/media-room/first-delivery-german-donated-covid-vaccines-covax-land-mauritania-other-deliveries "First delivery of German-donated COVID vaccines to COVAX land in Mauritania, with other deliveries to follow".] Gavi. 8 September 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Ka Lwetse a le masome mabedi le boraro, lefatshe la Botswana le ne la amogela mekento ya Janssen e le dikete di le masome a matlhano le makgolo a mane e e neng e abilwe ke lefatshe la [[Aforika Borwa]]. '''Phalane ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso''' Ka Phalane a le lesome le bone, lefatshe la Botswana le ne la amogela mekento ya ntlha e le dikete di le masome a mane le borobabongwe le makgolo a mabedi ka tumalano le Moderna e e dirilweng ka Seetebosigo ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso. Morago ga beke, le ne la amogela mekento e le masome a supa le bobedi ya Janssen e rekilweng ka letlole la African Vaccine Acquisition, ya salwa morafo ke e mengwe ya one mofuta o o e le dikete di le masome a supa le bobedi ka Phalane a le masome mabedi le botlhano le ele dikete di le masome a matlhano le bosupa le makgolo a marataro ka Phalane a le masome mararo. Ka mafelo a kgwedi batho ba le dikete di le makgolo a mararo masome a robabobedi le boraro, makgolo a mararo le masome a mabedi ba ne ba feditse mokento, e le masome a mane mo lekgolong la palo ya batho e e neng e tshwanetse go kentiwa. '''Ngwanatsele ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso''' Ka Ngwanatsele a le lesome le borobabobedi, lefatshe la Botswana le ne la amogela mekento ya Pfizer-BioNTech e le dikete di le lekgolo makgolo a mabedi le masome a marataro ka lenaneo la COVAX. Ka mafelo a kgwedi batho ba le dikete di le makgolo a matlhano lesome le borobabongwe, makgolo a matlhano masome a mane le bone ba ne ba tsere mekento yotlhe, e le masome a robabongwe le boraro mo lekgolong la palo yotlhe ya batho ba ba neng ba tshwanetse go tsaya mokento. '''Morule ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso''' Lefatshe la Botswana le amogetse mekento ya Pfizer-BioNTech e le dikete di le makgolo a matlhano masome a mabedi le botlhano, makgolo a mabedi le masome a mararo ka Morule a le malatsi a mabedi; dikete di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a supa a mokento o o tshwanang ka Morule a le malatsi a marataro; sekete se le lekgolo masome a matlhano le motso, makgolo a mabedi le dikete di le masome a supa le borobabongwe makgolo a mabedi a mokento wa Janssen ka Morule a le malatsi a marataro le a robabobedi ka tatelano. Ka Morule a le lesome le bobedi le ne la amogela mekento ya Janssen e le dikete di le masome a supa le bobedi le ya Oxford-AstraZeneca e le dikete di le masome a supa le bobedi e setswe morago ke e le dikete di le makgolo a supa masome a mararo le bosupa le lekgolo la ya Pfizer-BioNTech ka Morule a le lesome le borataro. Ka mafelo a kgwedi batho ba le sedikadike le boraro ba ne ba amogetse mekento yotlhe, e le palo e e fetang e e neng e akanyeditswe. '''Firikgong ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bobedi''' Ka mafelo a kgwedi batho ba feta sedikadike le motso ba ne ba amogetse mekento yotlhe, ba fitile palo kakanyetso. '''Tlhakole ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bobedi''' Ka mafelo a kgwedi batho ba feta sedikadike le bone ba ne ba amogetse mekengo yotlhe, ba feta palo e e neng e rulaganyeditswe. '''Moranang ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bobedi''' Ka mafelo a kgwedi batho ba feta sedikadike le borobabongwe ba ne ba amogetse mekento yotlhe, ba fetile palo ya batho ba ba neng ba rulaganyeditswe. == Metswedi == hs79hjndvxpugsaiurzr3nbfd8ppmxt 0 14922 55379 54310 2026-09-23T10:05:15Z Tayo ricci 12499 www 55379 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bogagaru''' '''Bogagaru''' ke maikutlo a go ithatela dilo dintle o le mongwe. Fa mongwe a nale bogagaru go le gontsi ga go fele monete. Batho ba ba megagaru ba feletsa ba sa batlwe ke ope mo matshelong a bona. Ga go ope yo a ka itumelelang motho yo o jalo. Ga go ope yo a ka phedisanang le motho go o ntse jalo.motho yo o megagaru o tshana le motho yo o pelo e maswe. Mongwe yo o megagaru o lwela go nna le dilo tse bangwe ba naleng tsone, ga a kgotsofalela sa gagwe. Sekai: fa tsala yame e nale mogala wa letheka yo o tlhwatlhwa e be le nna ke rela batsadi ba me ba nthekele o ne gore tsala ya me e seka ya mphala. Se ke tshupo ya gore nna ke nale pelo e megagaru . Fa o le motho o tshwanetse ke go itshireletsa gore o seka wa feleletsa o ipona o nale pelo e jalo. Pelo e megagaru e go sireletsa gore o palelwe ke go itumelela le bangwe ba bangwe fa dilo tse dintle di ba diragalela. Di go bontsha dilo tse sele le tsele e e seng lokelang lefatshe kgotsa botshelo ba mongwe. Fa o le motho o ka se kgone go tshela setle le batho ba bangwe fa o sena pelo e e phuthulugileng kgotsa e pelonolo. Mo botshelong jo re bo tshelang gompieno jaaka o tshwanetse go kgona go tshela le batho sentse ka pelo e bonolo. == reference == k8cseiurlss56al9s3unl0fjabu5dy1 55380 55379 2026-09-23T10:06:47Z Tayo ricci 12499 igu 55380 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bogagaru''' '''Bogagaru''' ke maikutlo a go ithatela dilo dintle o le mongwe. Fa mongwe a nale bogagaru go le gontsi ga go fele monete. Batho ba ba megagaru ba feletsa ba sa batlwe ke ope mo matshelong a bona. Ga go ope yo a ka itumelelang motho yo o jalo. Ga go ope yo a ka phedisanang le motho go o ntse jalo.motho yo o megagaru o tshana le motho yo o pelo e maswe. Mongwe yo o megagaru o lwela go nna le dilo tse bangwe ba naleng tsone, ga a kgotsofalela sa gagwe. Sekai: fa tsala yame e nale mogala wa letheka yo o tlhwatlhwa e be le nna ke rela batsadi ba me ba nthekele o ne gore tsala ya me e seka ya mphala. Se ke tshupo ya gore nna ke nale pelo e megagaru . Fa o le motho o tshwanetse ke go itshireletsa gore o seka wa feleletsa o ipona o nale pelo e jalo. Pelo e megagaru e go sireletsa gore o palelwe ke go itumelela le bangwe ba bangwe fa dilo tse dintle di ba diragalela. Di go bontsha dilo tse sele le tsele e e seng lokelang lefatshe kgotsa botshelo ba mongwe. Fa o le motho o ka se kgone go tshela setle le batho ba bangwe fa o sena pelo e e phuthulugileng kgotsa e pelonolo. Mo botshelong jo re bo tshelang gompieno jaaka o tshwanetse go kgona go tshela le batho sentse ka pelo e bonolo. Setswana se re motho ga itsewe e se naga == reference == fx9laetzfe55rbm721hbat6kytc03vu 0 14934 55294 54369 2026-09-22T20:01:14Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 55294 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tumi Makgabo''' (o tshotswe 1974/75) ke moanedi wa thelebišene wa Aforika Borwa. Go tloga ka 2000 go fitlha ka 2005 e ne e le moanedi wa dikgang tsa ga jaana kwa Cable News Network (CNN). Boditshaba le moanedi wa lenaneo la Inside Africa a botsolotsa magareng ga ba bangwe [[Thabo Mbeki|Thabo Mbeki,]] George W. Bush, Shimon Peres le Oprah Winfrey. O ne a direla kwa ntlokgolo ya rona kwa [[Atlantis, The Palm|Atlanta]]. Pele ga moo, o ne a berekela [[SABC]]. Morago ga CNN o ne a boela kwa nageng ya gaabo go ya go thusa go ipaakanyetsa soccer world cup. Go tloga ka 2006 go ya go 2008, o ne a le tlhogo ya ditlhaeletsano le dikamano tsa boditšhabatšhaba kwa 2010 LOC (Local Organising Committee) mme a tlogela ka tshoganetso ka 8 Tlhakole kwa ntle ga go ntsha mabaka. == Tiro == Tumi Makgabo e ntse e le moanedi wa thelebišene go feta dingwaga di le lesome, ka bobedi mo Aforika Borwa le jaaka mogasi le motlhami-mmogo wa 'Inside Africa' kwa ntlokgolong ya CNN International kwa Atlanta, US. Ka 2006, o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya gagwe ya go dira, 'Tumi & Co.', e e dirileng 'Talk with Tumi Makgabo' ya M-Net mme e tsweletse go dira diteng tse ditelele le tsa ditokomane tsa kgaso le tiriso ya ka fa teng. Khampani ya gagwe gape e tsamaisa mananeo a go tlhabolola bokgoni jwa go dirisa metswedi ya tshedimosetso mo dikgwebong mmogo le mo bathong ka bongwe. Go fitlha kwa tshimologong ya 2008, Makgabo e ne e le motsamaisi wa Merero ya Boditšhabatšhaba le Ditlhaeletsano le mmueledi wa Komiti e e rulaganyang Sejana sa Lefatshe sa 2010 sa FIFA mo Aforika Borwa mme mo ngwageng oo o ne a tlhophiwa go tsenela Foramo ya Baeteledipele ba Baswa ba Lefatshe ya Foramo ya Young Global Leaders. Makgabo o ne gape a dira jaaka sebui le motlhalosi mo kgasong le metswedi ya dikgang mo Aforika mo mekgatlhong ya boditšhabatšhaba go akaretsa United Nations Development Fund, European Commission, The World Economic Forum, Kofi Annan's Association for a Green Revolution in Africa le IUCN. Makgabo o na le maemo a le mmalwa a botsamaisi go akaretsa bojanala jwa Aforika Borwa, Sun International mme ke leloko le le sa tswang go tlhomiwa la Global Agenda Council on the Gender Gap. Ka go lemoga tiro ya gagwe mo kgaso, Makgabo ke moamogedi wa Eagle Award, Rapport City Press Prestige Award, DuPont Award mmogo le African People's Intercontinental Broadcaster of the Year Award gareng ga tse dingwe. Makgabo ke mongwe wa bakaedi kwa Foschini Group (TFG) == Metswedi == == Digoke tsa kwa ntle == [[Karolo:Tumi Makgabo]] [[Karolo:South African women in media]] [[Karolo:South African Women Presenters]] <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}}Tumi Makgabo (o tshotswe 1974/75) ke moanedi wa thelebišene wa Aforika Borwa. Go tloga ka 2000 go fitlha ka 2005 e ne e le moanedi wa dikgang tsa ga jaana kwa Cable News Network (CNN). Boditshaba le moanedi wa lenaneo la Inside Africa a botsolotsa magareng ga ba bangwe Thabo Mbeki, George W. Bush, Shimon Peres le Oprah Winfrey. O ne a direla kwa ntlokgolo ya rona kwa Atlanta. Pele ga moo, o ne a berekela SABC. Morago ga CNN o ne a boela kwa nageng ya gaabo go ya go thusa go ipaakanyetsa soccer world cup. Go tloga ka 2006 go ya go 2008, o ne a le tlhogo ya ditlhaeletsano le dikamano tsa boditšhabatšhaba kwa 2010 LOC (Local Organising Committee) mme a tlogela ka tshoganetso ka 8 Tlhakole kwa ntle ga go ntsha mabaka. == Tiro == Tumi Makgabo e ntse e le moanedi wa thelebišene go feta dingwaga di le lesome, ka bobedi mo Aforika Borwa le jaaka mogasi le motlhami-mmogo wa 'Inside Africa' kwa ntlokgolong ya CNN International kwa Atlanta, US. Ka 2006, o ne a tlhoma kgwebo ya gagwe ya go dira, 'Tumi & Co.', e e dirileng 'Talk with Tumi Makgabo' ya M-Net mme e tsweletse go dira diteng tse ditelele le tsa ditokomane tsa kgaso le tiriso ya ka fa teng. Khampani ya gagwe gape e tsamaisa mananeo a go tlhabolola bokgoni jwa go dirisa metswedi ya tshedimosetso mo dikgwebong mmogo le mo bathong ka bongwe. Go fitlha kwa tshimologong ya 2008, Makgabo e ne e le motsamaisi wa Merero ya Boditšhabatšhaba le Ditlhaeletsano le mmueledi wa Komiti e e rulaganyang Sejana sa Lefatshe sa 2010 sa FIFA mo Aforika Borwa mme mo ngwageng oo o ne a tlhophiwa go tsenela Foramo ya Baeteledipele ba Baswa ba Lefatshe ya Foramo ya Young Global Leaders. Makgabo o ne gape a dira jaaka sebui le motlhalosi mo kgasong le metswedi ya dikgang mo Aforika mo mekgatlhong ya boditšhabatšhaba go akaretsa United Nations Development Fund, European Commission, The World Economic Forum, Kofi Annan's Association for a Green Revolution in Africa le IUCN. Makgabo o na le maemo a le mmalwa a botsamaisi go akaretsa bojanala jwa Aforika Borwa, Sun International mme ke leloko le le sa tswang go tlhomiwa la Global Agenda Council on the Gender Gap. Ka go lemoga tiro ya gagwe mo kgaso, Makgabo ke moamogedi wa Eagle Award, Rapport City Press Prestige Award, DuPont Award mmogo le African People's Intercontinental Broadcaster of the Year Award gareng ga tse dingwe. Makgabo ke mongwe wa bakaedi kwa Foschini Group (TFG) == Metswedi == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Digoke tsa kwa ntle == gkjbc69dsdi0aorfkf1cnumysysmbxq 0 14938 55335 55092 2026-09-23T03:06:07Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55335 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Castle of Good Hope''' (SeDutch: ''Kasteel de Goede Hoop''; [[Seburu]]: ''Kasteel die Goeie Hoop'')<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180528051834/https://www.iol.co.za/castle-of-good-hope-350/castle350-capes-bastion-of-history-2086709 "Archived copy"]. Archived from [https://www.iol.co.za/castle-of-good-hope-350/castle350-capes-bastion-of-history-2086709 the original] on 28 May 2018. Retrieved Lwetse a tlhola gararo, 2026.</ref> ke kago ya phemelo ya dikhutlo di le tlhano ya lekgolo la bolesome le bosupa la dingwaga kwa [[Cape Town|Motsekapa]], Aforika Borwa. E ne e le kwa tshimologong mo letshitshing la [[Table Bay]], morago ga [[go tsosolosiwa ga lefatshe]] mo kgaolong ya [[Foreshore]], jaanong kago ya phemelo e mo lefatsheng.<ref>[http://www.rendez-vous-batavia.nl/photogallery/south-africa/castle-of-good-hope.pdf Dirk Teeuwen (2007) ''Kasteel De Goede Hoop, Castle of Good Hope''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724163936/http://www.rendez-vous-batavia.nl/photogallery/south-africa/castle-of-good-hope.pdf|date=24 July 2011}}</ref>[^{[[Motswedi o o ikgatisitseng?|motswedi o o ikgatis]]}^{[[Motswedi o o ikgatisitseng?|editsweng?]]}]<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20010417233020/http://www.castleofgoodhope.co.za/ "Home"]. ''castleofgoodhope.co.za''.</ref> Kago e e dikologilwe ke mosele. Ka 1936, Kagoe ne ya itsisiwe e le sefikantswe sa ditso. Jaanong ke lefelo la boswa jwa kgaolo mme, morago ga go tsosolosiwa ka bo1980, le tsewa e le sekai se se bolokilweng sentle sa kago ya phemelo ya [[Dutch East India Company]].<ref name=":3">[https://web.archive.org/web/20190413070754/https://www.places.co.za/html/ct_castle.html "Castle of Good Hope"]. ''places.co.za''. Archived from [http://www.places.co.za/html/ct_castle.html the original] on 13 April 2019. Retrieved Lwetse a tlhola gararo, 2026.</ref> == Ditso == E agilwe ke Kompone ya Dutch East India magareng ga 1666 le 1679, Kago ya Segosi ke kago ya bogologolo go gaisa tsotlhe tse di leng teng mo Aforika Borwa.<ref name=":0" /> E tsere sebaka sa kago ya phemelo ya bogologolo e e bidiwang [[Fort Goede Hoop|Fort de Goede Hoop]] e e neng e agilwe ka letsopa le dikota mme ya agiwa ke [[Jan van Riebeeck]] fa a goroga kwa [[Cape of Good Hope]] ka 1652.<ref name=":1">Peter Schirmer (1983) ''Cape Town, The Fairest Cape'', C.Struik (Pty) Ltd., Cape Town [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/0-86977-186-8|0-86977-186-8]].</bdi></ref> Dikago tse pedi tsa tshireletso, e leng Redoubt Kyckuit (Lookout) le [[Redoubt Duijnhoop]] (Duneheap) di ne tsa agiwa kwa molomong wa [[Salt River]] ka 1654. Boikaelelo jwa bonno jwa MaDutch kwa Kapa e ne e le go dira jaaka seteišene sa go tlaleletsa dikepe tse di fetang mo lebopong le le boferefere go dikologa Kapa mo maetong a maleele magareng ga Netherlands le [[Dutch East Indies]] (e jaanong e leng Indonesia). Ka 1664, go ne ga tsoga dikgotlhang fa gare ga [[Great Britain]] le Netherlands fa go ne go na le magatwe a ntwa. Ka one ngwaga oo, Molaodi [[Zacharias Wagenaer]], motlhatlhami wa ga Jan van Riebeeck, o ne a laelwa ke Mokhomišenara [[Isbrand Goske]] go aga kago ya phemelo e e nang le dikhutlo di le tlhano ka maje. Letlapa la ntlha le ne la bewa Firikgong a tlhola malatsi a le mabedi ka 1666. Kago ya phemelo e ne e agilwe ka bontlhabongwe ke tiro ya makgoba. VOC e ne e sa tlhomamise bogolo jwa ditlhopha tsa baagi ba selegae mme ka jalo e ne e tshaba botsuolodi fa ba ka ba dira makgoba; go na le moo ba ne ba tlisa batho ba ba ka nnang dikete tse masome a marataro ba ba neng ba le makgoba go tswa kwa Madagascar, Mozambique, kwa Dutch-Indies le kwa India.<ref>van Gelder, Elles (28 June 2023). [https://nos.nl/collectie/13940/artikel/2480642-nazaten-slaafgemaakten-in-zuid-afrika-willen-ook-nederlandse-erkenning "Nazaten slaafgemaakten in Zuid-Afrika willen ook Nederlandse erkenning"] (ka SeDutch). [[:en:Nederlandse_Omroep_Stichting|Nederlandse Omroep Stichting]]. Retrieved Lwetse a le gararo, 2026.</ref> Tiro e ne e kgaosediwa gangwe le gape ka gonne Kompone ya Dutch East India e ne e oshaosha go dirisa madi mo porojekeng eo. Ka Moranang a le masome a mabedi le borataro ka 1679, dikago tse tlhano tsa phemelo di ne tsa tewa ka direto tse dikgolo tsa ga [[William III wa Orange-Nassau]]: [[Leerdam]] kwa bophirima, le [[Buuren]], [[Katzenellenbogen]], [[Nassau]], le [[Oranje]] ka fa letlhakoreng la tshupanako go tswa mo go yone.<ref name=":1" /> Maina a dikago tseno tsa phemelo a ntse a dirisiwa jaaka maina a mebila mo metsesetoropong mo dikgaolong tse di farologaneng, mme segolobogolo a Cape Town, jaaka [[Stelenberg, Bellville|Stelenberg,]] [[Stelenberg, Bellville|Bellville]]. [[Setshwantsho:Kasteel de Goede Hoop circa 1680.jpg|thumb|Setshwantsho sa Kago ya Castle of Good Hope ka 1680]] Ka 1682 kgoro e e neng e na le heke e ne ya tsaya maemo a kgoro e kgologolo, e e neng e lebile kwa lewatleng. Tora ya tshipi, e e neng e le kwa godimo ga kgoro e kgolo, e ne ya agiwa ka 1684—tshipi ya ntlhantlha, e e neng e le ya bogologolo go gaisa tsotlhe mo Aforika Borwa, e ne ya latlhelwa kwa [[Amsterdam]] ka 1697 ke modiri wa tshipi wa kwa [[East-Frisia]] e bong [[Claude Fremy]], mme e bokete jwa dikilogram di feta makgolo a mararoa. E ne e dirisiwa go itsise nako, mmogo le go tlhagisa baagi fa go ka nna le kotsi, ka e ne e utlwiwa dikilometara di le lesome go tswa foo. Gape e ne e lediwa go bitsa baagi le masole fa go tlhokega gore go dirwe dikitsiso tsa botlhokwa.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110911180927/http://www.cape-town.org/ShowSite.asp?SecId=1&MemId=142 "Welcome to the Castle of Good Hope"]. Archived from [http://www.cape-town.org/ShowSite.asp?SecId=1&MemId=142 the original] on 11 September 2011. Retrieved Lwetse a tlhola gararo ka 2026.</ref> Mokwadi wa Mofora [[François-Timoléon de Choisy]] e ne e le karolo ya lekoko le le neng la tlamela gape kwa kagong ya phemelo ka Seetebosigo 1685 fa ba le mo tseleng ya go ya kwa [[Siam]], mme a tlhalosa kago eno jaana:<blockquote>"Kago ya phemelo e kgatlha thata. Matlo a bonno a na le matlo a bontsi jwa one a khurumeditsweng ka bojang, mme a le phepa thata e bile a le masweu thata mo o itseng gore ke a Dutch. Go na le tshingwana e [[Kompone]] e e rulagantseng; nka rata gore e nne mo sekhutlong kwa [[Versailles]]. Go ya bokgakaleng jo leitlho le ka bo bonang go na le ditsela tsa ditlhare tsa dinamune le tsa disurunamune, ditshingwana tsa merogo, ditlhare tse di kgabisitsweng, le ditlhare tse dikhutshwe, tsotlhe di tlhakane le metswedi ya metsi a a phepa...".<ref>[[:en:Castle_of_Good_Hope#CITEREFde_Choisy1993|de Choisy 1993]], p.&#x20;80.</ref></blockquote>Ka nako ya fa a ne a le teng, de Choisy o ne a kopana le Mokhomišenara-Kakaretso wa Dutch le mopalami wa Mofora yo o bidiwang [[de Saint-Martin]], fa maloko a mangwe a lekoko a ne a tsoma "di-partridge, dikgama tsa tshephe le maphoi a dikhudu". Mokhomišenara-Kakaretso o ne a oketsa ka dikolobe tse dinnye tse di anywang le mofine go tswa kwa [[Ditlhaketlhakeng tsa Canary]] mo dijong tsa bone, e leng se se supang diruiwa tse ba neng ba na le tsone.<ref name=":2">[[:en:Castle_of_Good_Hope#CITEREFde_Choisy1993|de Choisy 1993]], p.&#x20;82.</ref> de Choisy o lemogile gore ka nako eo, dikepe tse di fetang masome a mabedi le botlhano tsa Dutch East India Company di ne di ema ngwaga le ngwaga kwa Kapa go tsaya dijo tsa dinku, mofine, maungo le merogo.<ref name=":2" /> Kago ya phemelo e ne e na le kereke, lebentlele la borotho, mafelo a a farologaneng a go bereka, mafelo a bonno, mabentlele le disele, gareng ga dikago tse dingwe. Pente e e serolwana e e neng e le mo maboteng e ne ya tlhophiwa kwa tshimologong ka gonne e ne e fokotsa ditlamorago tsa mogote le letsatsi. Lebota, le le agilweng go sireletsa baagi fa go ka tlhaselwa, le kgaoganya lolwapa lo lo ka fa gare, lo gape lo nang le Mathule a De Kat, a a neng a tlhamilwe ke [[Louis Michel Thibault]] ka ditshwantsho tse di takilweng le dibopiwa ke [[Anton Anreith]]. Ya ntlha e ne ya agiwa ka 1695, mme ya agiwa sesha ka sebopego sa yone sa ga jaana magareng ga 1786 le 1790. Go tswa mo mathuding, dikitsiso di ne tsa dirwa go masole, makgoba le ''burghers'' ba Kapa. Mathudi a isa kwa [[Polokelong ya William Fehr]] ya ditshwantsho tse di takilweng le fanitšhara ya bogologolo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100725115547/http://www.colonialvoyage.com/africa/eng/southafrica/capetown/castleofgoodhope.html "Colonial Voyage"]. Archived from [http://www.colonialvoyage.com/africa/eng/southafrica/capetown/castleofgoodhope.html the original] on 25 July 2010.</ref>^{[<nowiki/>[[Motswedi o o ikgatisitseng?|motswedi o o ikgatis]]}^{[[Motswedi o o ikgatisitseng?|editsweng?]]]} Polokelo e tsamaisiwa ke [[Metlobo ya ditso ya Iziko ya Aforika Borwa]].<ref>[https://www.iziko.org.za/governance/ "Governance"]. ''Iziko Museums''. 2 August 2024. Retrieved Lwetse a tlhola gararo, 2026.</ref> E ne e le legae la ga [[Lady Anne Barnard]] ka nakwana, yo nngwe ya diphaposi tsa ditiro tsa kago ya phemelo e bidiwang ka ene. Ka nako ya [[Ntwa ya Bobedi ya Maburu]] (1899–1902), karolo ya kago ya phemelo e ne e dirisiwa jaaka kgolegelo, mme disele tsa pele di sa ntse di le teng go fitlha gompieno. [[Fritz Joubert Duquesne]], yo moragonyana a neng a itsege e le monna yo o bolaileng ''[[Kitchener]]'' le moeteledipele wa [[Lekgotla la Ditlhodi la Duquesne|Lekgotla la]] [[Lekgotla la Ditlhodi la Duquesne|Batsayaditlholwa la Duquesne]], e ne e le mongwe wa baagi ba yone ba ba neng ba itsege thata. Mabota a ntlo ya phemelo a ne a le makima thata, mme bosigo le bosigo, Duquesne o ne a epa samente se se neng se dikologile maje ka kgaba ya tshipi. O ne a batla a falola bosigo bongwe, mme leje le legolo le ne la relela mme la mo tshwara mo mokoting wa gagwe. Mo mosong o o latelang, molebedi mongwe o ne a mo fitlhela a idibetse mme a tshela.<ref>[[:en:Frederick_Russell_Burnham|Burnham, Frederick Russell]] (1944). ''Taking Chances''. Los Angeles, California: Haynes Corp. p.&#x20;293. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/1-879356-32-5|1-879356-32-5]]</bdi>.</ref> Ka 1936, Kago ya Segosi e ne ya itsisiwe jaaka sefikantswe sa ditso (go tloga ka 1969 se itsege jaaka [[sefikantswe sa bosetšhaba]] mme go tloga ka Moranang a rogwa ka 2000 e le [[Lefelo la boswa jwa kgaolo|lefelo la boswa jwa]] [[Lefelo la boswa jwa kgaolo|kgaolo]]), lefelo la ntlha mo Aforika Borwa go sirelediwa jalo.<ref>Oberholster JJ, The Historical Monuments of South Africa, Cape Town: The Rembrandt van Rijn Foundation, 1972, page 2</ref> Ditsosoloso tse di tseneletseng di ne tsa wediwa ka dingwaga tsa bo 1980, mme tsa dira gore Kago ya Phemelo e nne sekai se se bolokilweng sentle sa kago ya phemelo ya Dutch East India Company.<ref name=":3" /> [[Setshwantsho:Castle of Good Hope key ceremony.jpg|thumb|Moletlo wa konokono wa Kago ya Castle of Good Hope]] Kago e e ne e dira jaaka ntlokgolo ya selegae ya [[Sesole sa Aforika Borwa]] kwa [[Kapa Bophirima]], mme gompieno e na le Motlobo wa ditso wa Sesole wa Castle le dikago tsa meletlo tsa [[Mephato ya setso ya Kapa]]. Kago ya Phemelo gape ke legae la [[Mophato wa Batlhabani ba Motsekapa]], e leng setlhopha sa masole a a tsamayang ka dinao a a dirisang metšhini. Castle Guard e ne ya tlhamiwa ka 1986. Kwa tshimologong e ne e le setlhopha sa banna ba le masome a mane le boferabobedi, mme bogolo jwa yone bo ne jwa farologana mo dingwageng tse di latelang. == Tiriso ya ga jaana == Jaanong kago ya phemelo e buletswe baeng.<ref>Castle of Good Hope, [https://web.archive.org/web/20260808163545/https://castleofgoodhope.co.za/index.php/visitors-info/visitors-info-3 Visitos Info], accessed on 8 August 2026</ref> Ka nako ya lesome mo mosong mongwe le mongwe wa beke Balebedi ba Kago ya Phemelo ba bulela baeng kago ya phemelo semmuso ka go dira "Moletlo wa Botlhokwa", e leng ngwao e e ikaegileng thata ka dithuto tsa mo mosong tsa dingwaga di ka nna makgolo a le mararo tse di fetileng.<ref>[https://tattoomemories.wordpress.com/roll-call-castle-ceremonial-guard/ Memories of the Cape Town Military Tattoo]</ref> Ka dingwaga tsa bo 2000, [[Castle Control Board]] e ne ya dirisa malapa a kago ya phemelo, mabala, le mafelo a ditiro jaaka mafelo a ditiro tse di ikemetseng, ditiragalo tsa setso, le meletlo ya mmino, go dira lotseno lo lo oketsegileng lwa go tlhokomela le go somarela lefelo le la ditso.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20260907102250/http://www.capetowncastle.co.za/venues/index.html "Venues"]. ''Castle of Good Hope''. Retrieved Lwetse a tlhola gararo ka 2026.</ref><ref>[https://novanews.co.za/peoplespost/cape-town-saw-an-influx-in-visitors-over-the-holiday-season-20240123/ "Cape Town saw an influx in visitors over the holiday season"]. ''People's Post''. Retrieved Lwetse a tlhola gararo ka 2026.</ref> Ka dingwaga tsa bo 2020, kago ya phemelo e ne ya tshegetsa ditiragalo di le mmalwa tsa mmino wa segompieno, segolobogolo mo teng ga mmino wa go bina wa eleketeroniki le ditshwantsho tsa mmino wa Aforika. Tseno di ne di akaretsa [[AfrofestSA]] (2023), moletlo o o neng o keteka mmino le setso sa Aforika;<ref>[https://www.quicket.co.za/events/216326-afrofestsa-music-lifestyle-festival/ "AfrofestSA Music & Lifestyle Festival"]. ''Quicket''. Retrieved Lwetse a tlhola gararo ka 2026.</ref> Moletlo wa Bodiragatsi wa Motsekapa (2023), o o neng o na le DJ wa Aforika Borwa Ready D mo gare ga badiragatsi ba one;<ref>[https://www.sahrc.org.za/index.php/sahrc-media/news/item/3833-festival-a-free-hive-of-creativity "Festival: A Free Hive of Creativity"]. ''South African Human Rights Commission''. Retrieved Lwetse a tlhola gararo ka 2026.</ref> le ''Yalla Valhalla'' (2024), moletlo wa mmino wa eleketeroniki o o neng o rulagantswe ke Israel DJ le motlhagisi wa mmino Dino Ben Tovim , e e neng e akaretsa DJ Dirty Doering wa kwa Jeremane e le modiragatsi yo o eteletseng pele.<ref>[https://festival101.co.za/dirty-doering-headlines-yalla-valhalla-2024-at-the-iconic-castle-of-good-hope/ "Dirty Doering Headlines Yalla Valhalla 2024 at the Iconic Castle of Good Hope"]. ''Festival101''. Retrieved Lwetse a tlhola gararo ka 2026.</ref><ref>[https://sifted.eu/articles/berlin-tech-scene-cape-town "Berlin's Tech Scene Finds a Home in Cape Town"]. ''Sifted''. Retrieved Lwetse a tlhola gararo ka 2026.</ref> == Motlobo wa ditso wa Boswa jwa Kapa == Motlobo wa ditso wa Boswa jwa Kapa, ​​o o mo teng ga Kago ya Castle of Good Hope ya ditso kwa Aforika Borwa, o tlhokometswe ke Rre Igshaan Higgins. Motlobo ono o neelana ka kanelo e e akaretsang ya ditso tsa Aforika Borwa, e e tlhagisang tirisano magareng ga merafe e e farologaneng jaaka Khoi, San, le Dutch, ka dinako tse di farologaneng go akaretsa bokolone le tlhaolele. E ikaelela go neelana ka kakanyo e e lekalekanang ka ga boswa jo bo farologaneng jwa setšhaba le nako e e fetileng e e raraaneng.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250228043921/https://slaveheritagemuseum.org/ "Slave Heritage Museum | An unedited history of South Africa"]. Retrieved Lwetse a tlhola gararo ka 2026.</ref><ref>Explorer, Museum (20 February 2023). [https://museumexplorer.co.za/cape-heritage-museum/ "Cape Heritage Museum"]. ''Museum Explorer SA''. Retrieved Lwetse a tlhola gararo ka 2026.</ref> == Botshwantshetso == Pele ga go emisediwa ka 2003, popego e e tlhaolang ya ntlo ya phemelo ya dikhutlo di le tlhano e ne e dirisiwa mo difolageng tsa [[Sesole sa Aforika Borwa]], e ne ya bopa motheo wa matshwao mangwe a maemo a major le kwa godimo, mme e ne e dirisiwa mo difofaneng tsa [[Sesole sa Phefo sa Aforika Borwa|Sesole sa]] [[Sesole sa Phefo sa Aforika Borwa|Phefo sa Aforika Borwa]]. == Metswedi == <references /> [[Karolo:Mafelo a ditso a Aferika Borwa]] [[Karolo:Mafelo a boswa a Aforika Borwa]] [[Karolo:Mafelo a bojanala a Aforika Borwa]] gabji4vljfuvtvzm9zrq8p5qykljw2a 0 14949 55295 54488 2026-09-22T20:03:06Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 55295 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Mopane worm (Madora).jpg|thumb|Mopane worms]] === Diboko Tsa Mopane (Mopane Worms) === Dijo Tsa Tlwaelo le Motswedi wa go Itshedisa mo Borwa Jwa Aforika. Seboko sa mopane ke nngwe ya ditshenekegi tse di jewang tse di itsegeng thata mo Aforika Borwa.<ref>https://www.su.ac.za/en/news/new-research-highlights-conservation-needs-mopane-worms</ref> Go sa kgathalesege leina la yone, tota ga se seboko mme ke monang wa moth wa mmusimogolo. E anngwa thata le ditlhare tsa mopane (Colophospermum mopane), tse matlhare a tsone e leng dijo tse di botlhokwa tsa diboko. Diboko tsa Mopane di kotulwa thata e bile di jewa kwa dinageng tse di akaretsang [[Aforika Borwa]], [[Botswana]], [[Zimbabwe]], [[Namibia]], [[Zambia]], [[Mozambique]] le [[Angola]]. Mo merafeng e e farologaneng di na le maina a a farologaneng, go akaretsa phane, madora, amancimbi, masonja le mashonzha.<ref name=":0">https://dailyinvestor.com/retail/151923/the-man-who-makes-r45000-per-month-selling-mopane-worms-white-ants-and-firewood/</ref> ==== Boleng jwa dikotla ==== Diboko tsa mopane di tsewa di le botlhokwa ka gonne di na le dikotla tse dintsi, segolobogolo diporoteine, mafura le diminerale. Dipatlisiso tse di dirilweng ka dimopane caterpillar tse di dirilweng di bontshitse gore di na le diporoteine tse dintsi tse di sa tlhotlhiwang, le fa gone boleng jwa tsone jwa dikotla bo farologana go ya ka mekgwa e di dirwang ka yone le e di lekanyediwang ka yone. Gape di na le diminerale tse di jaaka aene, calcium le phosphorus. Ka tlwaelo, bommatlhapi bano ba tsewa mo ditlhareng, ba bo ba ntshiwa se se mo maleng a bone, ba bo ba bedisiwa kgotsa ba beswa pele ba omisiwa. Go di omisa go dira gore di kgone go bolokiwa ka lobaka lo loleele e bile go di dira gore e nne dijo tse di botlhokwa thata ka nako e e seng ya thobo.<ref>https://theconversation.com/mopane-worm-and-termite-sales-relieve-poverty-in-rural-south-africa-studies-explore-the-impact-280926</ref> ==== Botlhokwa jwa setso ==== Ka dikokomana di le dintsi, diboko tsa mopane ga di a ka tsa nna dijo fela. Ke karolo ya ditsamaiso tsa dijo tsa setso le ditlwaelo tsa setso mo merafeng e mentsi ya Borwa jwa [[Aforika]]. Go di tsoma gape go ka dira gore malapa le batho ba nne seoposengwe, fa kitso ya gore o ka bona diboko leng le gone kae gantsi e fetisediwa go tswa kokomaneng e nngwe go ya go e nngwe.<ref>https://www.africanfarming.com/2025/12/06/mopane-worms-face-uncertain-future-new-study-warns/</ref> Mo mafelong a mo go one metswedi e mengwe ya diporoteine tsa diphologolo e ka nnang tlhwatlhwa e e kwa godimo kgotsa e tlhaela, diboko tsa mopane di ka nna tsa thusa thata. Dipatlisiso di ile tsa tlhalosa gore di thusa gore go nne le dijo tse di lekaneng le gore malapa a bone a nne le dikotla.<ref name=":0" /> ==== Botlhokwa jwa ikonomi ==== Diboko tsa mopane le tsone di fetogile selo se se botlhokwa se se rekisiwang. Batho ba di tsaya mo nageng ba bo ba di rekisa di le foreshe kgotsa di omisitswe, mme seno se dira gore malapa a kwa magaeng a nne le lotseno.<ref>https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/fsn3.72225</ref> Go oketsega ga mebaraka ya mo ditoropong go dirile gore batho ba le bantsi ba e batle mme seno se ile sa dira gore go rekisiwe diboko tsa mopane. Ka jalo, batho ba le bantsi ba ba dirang tiro ya go roba ba tsaya diboko tsa mopane di le botlhokwa ka tsela e e menaganeng gabedi: di kgona go fepa lelapa le go dira madi. Seno se dira gore e nne sengwe sa dilo tse di botlhokwa tse di tswang mo dikgweng tse e seng tsa logong mo dikarolong dingwe tsa Aforika Borwa.<ref>https://theconversation.com/mopane-worm-and-termite-sales-relieve-poverty-in-rural-south-africa-studies-explore-the-impact-280926</ref> ==== Dikgwetlho tsa tikologo ==== Le fa diboko tsa mopane di le botlhokwa, di na le mathata a le mmalwa. Go oketsega ga go thunya, go nyelela ga mafelo a bonno le go fetoga ga tikologo go dirile gore batho ba tshwenyege ka gore a diphologolo tsa naga di tla kgona go tshela lobaka lo loleele. Dipatlisiso tsa bosheng jaana tsa dijini di ile tsa dira gore batho ba tlhobaele thata ka go ntshiwa ga dimela ka bontsi, go senngwa ga tikologo le go fetoga ga tlelaemete.<ref>https://dailyinvestor.com/retail/151923/the-man-who-makes-r45000-per-month-selling-mopane-worms-white-ants-and-firewood/</ref> Springer Nature Go fetoga ga tlelaemete go ka nna botlhokwa thata ka gonne diboko tsa mopane di ikaegile thata ka ditlhare tsa tsone le maemo a a siameng a tikologo. Patlisiso nngwe ya go dira dimotlelara e ne ya fopholetsa gore go tla nna le phokotsego e kgolo ya lefelo le le siametseng seboko sa mopane mo maemong a isagwe a tlelaemete, le fa gone diphopholetso tse di ntseng jalo di sa tlhomama. <ref>https://news.uj.ac.za/news/the-limpopo-villagers-keeping-their-mopane-and-marula-trees-standing/</ref> Diboko tsa mopane ke karolo e e botlhokwa ya dijo tsa kwa [[Aforika Borwa]]. Di tlamela ka dijo, lotseno le boleng jwa setso, segolobogolo mo bathong ba ba nnang kwa magaeng. Ka nako e e tshwanang, go oketsega ga ditlhokego le go gatelelwa ga tikologo go dira gore go ntshiwa le go somarelwa ga dijalo go nne botlhokwa thata.<ref>https://www.univen.ac.za/news/insights-from-prof-alan-gardiner-giving-public-lecture-on-mopane-worm-use-across-south-central-africa/</ref> Go sireletsa dikgwa tsa mopane le go ema nokeng batho ba ba ikaegileng ka dikungo tsa tsone go tla thusa thata go tlhomamisa gore diboko tsa mopane di tswelela e le dijo tsa botlhokwa e bile e le motswedi wa go itshedisa wa dikokomana tse di tlang.<ref>https://iol.co.za/capeargus/news/2025-12-02-new-study-reveals-genetic-vulnerabilities-in-mopane-worms-across-southern-africa/</ref> [[Category: Mopane worms]] [[Category: Diboko tsa Mopane]] mvd7s9l89uhjb6pca7u8t8tnjei53ci 55340 55295 2026-09-23T04:00:29Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55340 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Mopane worm (Madora).jpg|thumb|Mopane worms]] === Diboko Tsa Mopane (Mopane Worms) === Dijo Tsa Tlwaelo le Motswedi wa go Itshedisa mo Borwa Jwa Aforika. Seboko sa mopane ke nngwe ya ditshenekegi tse di jewang tse di itsegeng thata mo Aforika Borwa.<ref>https://www.su.ac.za/en/news/new-research-highlights-conservation-needs-mopane-worms</ref> Go sa kgathalesege leina la yone, tota ga se seboko mme ke monang wa moth wa mmusimogolo. E anngwa thata le ditlhare tsa mopane (Colophospermum mopane), tse matlhare a tsone e leng dijo tse di botlhokwa tsa diboko. Diboko tsa Mopane di kotulwa thata e bile di jewa kwa dinageng tse di akaretsang [[Aforika Borwa]], [[Botswana]], [[Zimbabwe]], [[Namibia]], [[Zambia]], [[Mozambique]] le [[Angola]]. Mo merafeng e e farologaneng di na le maina a a farologaneng, go akaretsa phane, madora, amancimbi, masonja le mashonzha.<ref name=":0">https://dailyinvestor.com/retail/151923/the-man-who-makes-r45000-per-month-selling-mopane-worms-white-ants-and-firewood/</ref> ==== Boleng jwa dikotla ==== Diboko tsa mopane di tsewa di le botlhokwa ka gonne di na le dikotla tse dintsi, segolobogolo diporoteine, mafura le diminerale. Dipatlisiso tse di dirilweng ka dimopane caterpillar tse di dirilweng di bontshitse gore di na le diporoteine tse dintsi tse di sa tlhotlhiwang, le fa gone boleng jwa tsone jwa dikotla bo farologana go ya ka mekgwa e di dirwang ka yone le e di lekanyediwang ka yone. Gape di na le diminerale tse di jaaka aene, calcium le phosphorus. Ka tlwaelo, bommatlhapi bano ba tsewa mo ditlhareng, ba bo ba ntshiwa se se mo maleng a bone, ba bo ba bedisiwa kgotsa ba beswa pele ba omisiwa. Go di omisa go dira gore di kgone go bolokiwa ka lobaka lo loleele e bile go di dira gore e nne dijo tse di botlhokwa thata ka nako e e seng ya thobo.<ref>https://theconversation.com/mopane-worm-and-termite-sales-relieve-poverty-in-rural-south-africa-studies-explore-the-impact-280926</ref> ==== Botlhokwa jwa setso ==== Ka dikokomana di le dintsi, diboko tsa mopane ga di a ka tsa nna dijo fela. Ke karolo ya ditsamaiso tsa dijo tsa setso le ditlwaelo tsa setso mo merafeng e mentsi ya Borwa jwa [[Aforika]]. Go di tsoma gape go ka dira gore malapa le batho ba nne seoposengwe, fa kitso ya gore o ka bona diboko leng le gone kae gantsi e fetisediwa go tswa kokomaneng e nngwe go ya go e nngwe.<ref>https://www.africanfarming.com/2025/12/06/mopane-worms-face-uncertain-future-new-study-warns/</ref> Mo mafelong a mo go one metswedi e mengwe ya diporoteine tsa diphologolo e ka nnang tlhwatlhwa e e kwa godimo kgotsa e tlhaela, diboko tsa mopane di ka nna tsa thusa thata. Dipatlisiso di ile tsa tlhalosa gore di thusa gore go nne le dijo tse di lekaneng le gore malapa a bone a nne le dikotla.<ref name=":0" /> ==== Botlhokwa jwa ikonomi ==== Diboko tsa mopane le tsone di fetogile selo se se botlhokwa se se rekisiwang. Batho ba di tsaya mo nageng ba bo ba di rekisa di le foreshe kgotsa di omisitswe, mme seno se dira gore malapa a kwa magaeng a nne le lotseno.<ref>https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/fsn3.72225</ref> Go oketsega ga mebaraka ya mo ditoropong go dirile gore batho ba le bantsi ba e batle mme seno se ile sa dira gore go rekisiwe diboko tsa mopane. Ka jalo, batho ba le bantsi ba ba dirang tiro ya go roba ba tsaya diboko tsa mopane di le botlhokwa ka tsela e e menaganeng gabedi: di kgona go fepa lelapa le go dira madi. Seno se dira gore e nne sengwe sa dilo tse di botlhokwa tse di tswang mo dikgweng tse e seng tsa logong mo dikarolong dingwe tsa Aforika Borwa.<ref>https://theconversation.com/mopane-worm-and-termite-sales-relieve-poverty-in-rural-south-africa-studies-explore-the-impact-280926</ref> ==== Dikgwetlho tsa tikologo ==== Le fa diboko tsa mopane di le botlhokwa, di na le mathata a le mmalwa. Go oketsega ga go thunya, go nyelela ga mafelo a bonno le go fetoga ga tikologo go dirile gore batho ba tshwenyege ka gore a diphologolo tsa naga di tla kgona go tshela lobaka lo loleele. Dipatlisiso tsa bosheng jaana tsa dijini di ile tsa dira gore batho ba tlhobaele thata ka go ntshiwa ga dimela ka bontsi, go senngwa ga tikologo le go fetoga ga tlelaemete.<ref>https://dailyinvestor.com/retail/151923/the-man-who-makes-r45000-per-month-selling-mopane-worms-white-ants-and-firewood/</ref> Springer Nature Go fetoga ga tlelaemete go ka nna botlhokwa thata ka gonne diboko tsa mopane di ikaegile thata ka ditlhare tsa tsone le maemo a a siameng a tikologo. Patlisiso nngwe ya go dira dimotlelara e ne ya fopholetsa gore go tla nna le phokotsego e kgolo ya lefelo le le siametseng seboko sa mopane mo maemong a isagwe a tlelaemete, le fa gone diphopholetso tse di ntseng jalo di sa tlhomama. <ref>https://news.uj.ac.za/news/the-limpopo-villagers-keeping-their-mopane-and-marula-trees-standing/</ref> Diboko tsa mopane ke karolo e e botlhokwa ya dijo tsa kwa [[Aforika Borwa]]. Di tlamela ka dijo, lotseno le boleng jwa setso, segolobogolo mo bathong ba ba nnang kwa magaeng. Ka nako e e tshwanang, go oketsega ga ditlhokego le go gatelelwa ga tikologo go dira gore go ntshiwa le go somarelwa ga dijalo go nne botlhokwa thata.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.univen.ac.za/news/insights-from-prof-alan-gardiner-giving-public-lecture-on-mopane-worm-use-across-south-central-africa/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2026-09-05 |archive-date=2026-09-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260906072518/https://www.univen.ac.za/news/insights-from-prof-alan-gardiner-giving-public-lecture-on-mopane-worm-use-across-south-central-africa/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> Go sireletsa dikgwa tsa mopane le go ema nokeng batho ba ba ikaegileng ka dikungo tsa tsone go tla thusa thata go tlhomamisa gore diboko tsa mopane di tswelela e le dijo tsa botlhokwa e bile e le motswedi wa go itshedisa wa dikokomana tse di tlang.<ref>https://iol.co.za/capeargus/news/2025-12-02-new-study-reveals-genetic-vulnerabilities-in-mopane-worms-across-southern-africa/</ref> [[Category: Mopane worms]] [[Category: Diboko tsa Mopane]] osg8g568j34scvflfcp9y3lb9slw7nu 0 14950 55296 54489 2026-09-22T20:04:27Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 55296 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:The Potjie is ready.JPG|thumb|Potjiekos]] === '''Potjieskos''' === Potjieskos mo [[Aforika Borwa]], e e ranolwang ka tlhamalalo e le "dijo tsa dipitsa tse dinnye", ke sejo se se apewang kwa ntle. Ka tlwaelo di apewa mo pitseng e e kgolo, ya tshipi, ya maoto a mararo, e e bidiwang potjie.[ Pitsa e gotediwa ka go dirisa dikgong tse dinnye kgotsa magala kgotsa, fa go na le tlhaelo ya lookwane, bojang jo bo sokameng kgotsa le e leng boloko jwa diphologolo jo bo omisitsweng.<ref>https://www.citizen.co.za/rosebank-killarney-gazette/image-gallery/community/2026/07/07/parkview-potjiekos-competition-returns-to-george-hay-park/</ref> == Hisetori == Ka setso, sejo seno se akaretsa nama, merogo e e tshwanang le dikherotse, khabetšhe, cauliflower, kgotsa lephutsi, tse di tshwanang le raese kgotsa ditapole, tsotlhe di apewa ka iketlo ka ditswaiso tsa SeDutch le SeMalay, e leng ditswaiso tse di neng di tlwaelegile mo go se se neng se dirisiwa go apaya mo [[Aforika Borwa]]. Dilo tse dingwe tse di dirisiwang thata ke maungo le dijo tse di dirilweng ka folouru tse di jaaka pasta.<ref>https://www.timeout.com/johannesburg/news/nicarelas-annual-potjiekos-fundraiser-fires-up-parkview-this-july-070425</ref> Potjiekos e simolotse e le Voortrekkers, e fetoga go nna sejo se se dirwang ka nama ya phokoje le merogo (fa e le teng), e apeilwe mo potjie. Fa batho ba ba neng ba tsamaya ka dinao ba ntse ba thunya diphologolo tsa naga, di ne di tsenngwa mo pitseng. Marapo a magolo a ne a tsenngwa gore sejana se nne thata. Letsatsi lengwe le lengwe fa dikolotsana di ema, pitsa e ne e bewa mo molelong gore e bela. Marapo a masha a ne a emisetsa a bogologolo mme nama e ntšha e emisetsa e e jetsweng. Diphologolo tse di neng di tsoma di ne di akaretsa diphologolo tsa naga, dinonyane tse di jaaka dikgogo tsa Guinea, dikolobe tsa naga, dikolobe tsa naga, mmutla le mmutla. == Didirisiwa le thulaganyo ya kakaretso == Go tsenngwa oli ya go apaya mo potjie, mme e bo e bewa mo molelong go fitlha e fisa. Go tsenngwa nama, gantsi e le ya nku kgotsa ya kolobe. Nama e na le ditswaiso mme gantsi go tsenngwa mofuta mongwe wa bojalwa go dira tatso - gantsi biri, Old Brown Sherry kgotsa beine e e monate jaaka Humbro.<ref>https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2022-05-06-skaapstertjies-potjiekos-snapshots-of-a-true-karoo-food-festival/</ref> == Dikotsi tsa boitekanelo == Ka 1998, go ne ga begwa gore dipitsa tsa aluminiamo tse di rometsweng ntle ka molao tse di nang le selekanyo se segolo sa lloto di ne di rekisiwa, di baya badirisi mo kotsing ya botlhole jwa lloto == Bona gape == * Braai * Skottle * Hot pot * List of African dishes * List of stews * Perpetual stew * Potbrood * Sač == Metswedi == == Metswedi ya kwa ntle == [[Karolo:Potjiekos]] eokhdtc0pbiyl5h6hwu7vpzf5dpmjmt 0 14951 55297 54490 2026-09-22T20:05:54Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 55297 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:A_fat_cook_(Vetkoek).jpeg|thumb| Vetkoek e e tlhomilweng ka karolo ya polony]] === '''Vetkoek''' === Vetkoek ke borotho jwa setso jwa [[Aforika Borwa]] jo bo gadikilweng. E tshwana le kuku ya Johnny ya kwa [[Caribbean]], oliebol ya kwa Netherlands le sopaipillas ya kwa Mexico. E itsege gape ka leina la SeXhosa, SeZulu, le [[Setswana]] legwinya (bontsi amagwinya) le legwinya (bontsi magwinya) ka go latelana.<ref>https://www.timeout.com/johannesburg/news/bringing-the-heat-local-woman-warms-the-hearts-of-locals-with-vetkoeks-070225</ref> Lefoko vetkoek ka Seaforikanse le kaya "khekhe e e mafura" mme le simologile mo hisetoring ya [[Aforika Borwa]]. Go akanngwa gore sejo seno se simolotswe ke Voortrekkers, e leng batho ba Ba-Dutch ba ba neng ba fudugela mo teng ga Aforika Borwa ka bo1830. E re ka ba ne ba batla dijo tse ba ka kgonang go di rwala le tse ba ka kgonang go di boloka mo maetong a bone a maleele, ba ne ba tlhama vetkoek e le tharabololo e e molemo. Tshimologo eno e e sa reng sepe e dirile gore vetkoek e nne sejo se se rategang thata mo bathong ba le bantsi ba Afrika Borwa, se se jewang mo magaeng e bile se rekisiwa ke barekisi ba mo mebileng go ralala naga.<ref>https://witness.co.za/news/2024/08/09/feeding-hearts-one-vetkoek-and-fish-at-a-time/</ref> E bopegile jaaka donut e e se nang phatlha, mme e dirilwe ka bupi jo bo bedisitsweng. Gantsi di-vetkoek di dirwa mmogo le nama e e gadikilweng ya kheri, e e tsentsweng mo teng. Vetkoek gantsi e rekisiwa kwa diresetšhurenteng tse di nang le malapa le kwa meletlong ya Seaforika le kwa ditiragalong tsa setso. Vetkoek(lengwinya) ke sejo se se rategang thata mo bathong ba le bantsi ba ba nnang mo [[Aforika Borwa]] koo e jewang e le nosi kgotsa e na le dijo tse di tletseng e bile e le mogote e bile e rekisiwa ke dikgwebo tse dinnye tse di farologaneng, barekisi ba ditekisi, barekisi ba mo mebileng, le mabenkele a dijo tse di bonako a a fitlhelwang mo Aforia Borwa, Namibia le Botswana.<ref>https://www.jacarandafm.com/lifestyle/food/gauteng-votes-its-favourite-vetkoek-pairing/</ref> == Bona gape == * [[:en:List_of_African_dishes|List of African dishes]] * [[:en:South_African_cuisine|South African cuisine]] == Metswedi == == Metswedi e e kwa ntle == [[Karolo:Vetkoek]] [[Karolo:Magwinya]] pvu8xkrsae1hqzdl4byqk4oy46frtc0 0 14953 55298 54763 2026-09-22T20:06:54Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 55298 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Beef Biltong (Segwapa sa kgomo).jpg|thumb|Mogwapa[Biltong]]] [[Setshwantsho:Biltong Beef sticks.JPG|thumb|Setshwantsho sa Mogwapa]] === '''Mogwapa''' === Mogwapa, o itsiwe jaaka biltong ka Seesimane, ke sengwe sa dijo tsa setso se se itsegeng thata kwa [[Aforika Borwa]]. E dirwa ka go omisa nama, gantsi e le ya kgomo, ka letswai, asene le ditswaiso. Nama eno e segwa ka dikarolwana mme e tlogelwe gore e ome go fitlha e nna thata e bo e nna le tatso. Mogwapa o ratiwa ke batho ba dingwaga tse di farologaneng e bile gantsi e jewa e le dijo tse di motlhofo.<ref>https://www.sajr.co.za/why-is-kosher-biltong-so-expensive/</ref> ==== Dijo Tse di Nang le Hisetori ==== Mogwapa o na le hisetori e telele mo [[Aforika Borwa]] mme e ne ya simololwa go dirisiwa jaaka tsela ya go boloka nama pele ga go nna le difiriji tsa segompieno. Go omisa le go omisa nama eno go ne go dira gore malapa le batsamai ba kgone go e boloka nako e telele e sa senyege. Fa nako e ntse e tsamaya, mogwapa o ne ya se ka ya nna fela mokgwa wa go boloka dijo mme e ne ya nna karolo e e botlhokwa ya setso sa dijo sa Aforika Borwa.<ref>https://www.jacarandafm.com/shows/breakfast/human-biltong-kiosk-has-sa-residents-shock/</ref> ==== Tsela e e Baakanyediwang ka Yone ==== Gore go dirwe mogwapa pele nama e segwa ka dikarolwana tse dinnye mme e bo e tsenngwa ditswaiso tse di jaaka letswai, asene, coriander le ditswaiso tse dingwe. Go tswa foo se bewa mo lefelong le le omileng le le nang le moya o o lekaneng gore se se ka sa nna bongola. Go ikaegile ka gore batho ba rata biltong ya bone e le boleta e bile e le bongola kgotsa e le thata e bile e omile gore e nne nako e kana kang.<ref>https://www.goodthingsguy.com/joe-fleming-discovers-deep-fried-biltong/</ref> ==== Biltong mo Botshelong Jwa mo Aforka Borwa ==== Mogwapa gantsi o jewa kwa gae, fa motho a le mo loetong, kwa metshamekong le kwa dikokoanong. E ratiwa thata jaaka sejo se se motlhofo go jewa ka gonne go motlhofo go se tshola e bile ga go tlhokege gore se apewe pele se jewa. Gape Maaforika Borwa a le mantsi a na le ditsela tsa one tsa go e apaya le tsa go e apaya tse ba di ratang. Botlhokwa Jwa Setso. Ga se dijo fela, biltong e emela dingwao le hisetori ya [[Aforika Borwa]]. Gape e ratiwa ke baeti ba ba batlang go ja dijo tse di monate tse di kgethegileng tsa Aforika Borwa. Gompieno, biltong e fitlhelwa mo mabenkeleng a go bolaelwang nama mo go one, mo marekisetsong a magolo, mo marekisetsong le mo mabenkeleng a a rekisang dijo tse di kgethegileng go ralala naga. Biltong e sa ntse e le karolo e e botlhokwa ya setso sa dijo sa Aforika Borwa ka ntlha ya tatso ya yone e e sa tshwaneng le epe, hisitori ya yone e telele, le tsela e e amanang ka yone le mekgwa ya setso ya go boloka nama. E santse e tswelela pele e itumelelwa mo [[Aforika Borwa]] ya segompieno fa e ntse e boloka dingwao tse di dirileng gore e tume kwa tshimologong.<ref>https://www.ecr.co.za/shows/carolofori/kzn-nutritionist-explains-why-biltong-not-healthy/</ref> [[Category: Mogwapa]] [[Category: Biltong]] p9yckm9xe6eeq149gqoxouvf4gnysxa 55299 55298 2026-09-22T20:07:14Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 55299 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Beef Biltong (Segwapa sa kgomo).jpg|thumb|Mogwapa[Biltong]]] [[Setshwantsho:Biltong Beef sticks.JPG|thumb|Setshwantsho sa Mogwapa]] === '''Mogwapa''' === Mogwapa, o itsiwe jaaka biltong ka Seesimane, ke sengwe sa dijo tsa setso se se itsegeng thata kwa [[Aforika Borwa]]. E dirwa ka go omisa nama, gantsi e le ya kgomo, ka letswai, asene le ditswaiso. Nama eno e segwa ka dikarolwana mme e tlogelwe gore e ome go fitlha e nna thata e bo e nna le tatso. Mogwapa o ratiwa ke batho ba dingwaga tse di farologaneng e bile gantsi e jewa e le dijo tse di motlhofo.<ref>https://www.sajr.co.za/why-is-kosher-biltong-so-expensive/</ref> ==== Dijo Tse di Nang le Hisetori ==== Mogwapa o na le hisetori e telele mo [[Aforika Borwa]] mme e ne ya simololwa go dirisiwa jaaka tsela ya go boloka nama pele ga go nna le difiriji tsa segompieno. Go omisa le go omisa nama eno go ne go dira gore malapa le batsamai ba kgone go e boloka nako e telele e sa senyege. Fa nako e ntse e tsamaya, mogwapa o ne ya se ka ya nna fela mokgwa wa go boloka dijo mme e ne ya nna karolo e e botlhokwa ya setso sa dijo sa Aforika Borwa.<ref>https://www.jacarandafm.com/shows/breakfast/human-biltong-kiosk-has-sa-residents-shock/</ref> ==== Tsela e e Baakanyediwang ka Yone ==== Gore go dirwe mogwapa pele nama e segwa ka dikarolwana tse dinnye mme e bo e tsenngwa ditswaiso tse di jaaka letswai, asene, coriander le ditswaiso tse dingwe. Go tswa foo se bewa mo lefelong le le omileng le le nang le moya o o lekaneng gore se se ka sa nna bongola. Go ikaegile ka gore batho ba rata biltong ya bone e le boleta e bile e le bongola kgotsa e le thata e bile e omile gore e nne nako e kana kang.<ref>https://www.goodthingsguy.com/joe-fleming-discovers-deep-fried-biltong/</ref> ==== Biltong mo Botshelong Jwa mo Aforka Borwa ==== Mogwapa gantsi o jewa kwa gae, fa motho a le mo loetong, kwa metshamekong le kwa dikokoanong. E ratiwa thata jaaka sejo se se motlhofo go jewa ka gonne go motlhofo go se tshola e bile ga go tlhokege gore se apewe pele se jewa. Gape Maaforika Borwa a le mantsi a na le ditsela tsa one tsa go e apaya le tsa go e apaya tse ba di ratang. Botlhokwa Jwa Setso. Ga se dijo fela, biltong e emela dingwao le hisetori ya [[Aforika Borwa]]. Gape e ratiwa ke baeti ba ba batlang go ja dijo tse di monate tse di kgethegileng tsa Aforika Borwa. Gompieno, biltong e fitlhelwa mo mabenkeleng a go bolaelwang nama mo go one, mo marekisetsong a magolo, mo marekisetsong le mo mabenkeleng a a rekisang dijo tse di kgethegileng go ralala naga. Biltong e sa ntse e le karolo e e botlhokwa ya setso sa dijo sa Aforika Borwa ka ntlha ya tatso ya yone e e sa tshwaneng le epe, hisetori ya yone e telele, le tsela e e amanang ka yone le mekgwa ya setso ya go boloka nama. E santse e tswelela pele e itumelelwa mo [[Aforika Borwa]] ya segompieno fa e ntse e boloka dingwao tse di dirileng gore e tume kwa tshimologong.<ref>https://www.ecr.co.za/shows/carolofori/kzn-nutritionist-explains-why-biltong-not-healthy/</ref> [[Category: Mogwapa]] [[Category: Biltong]] o1qk8nnsq03mwnzb2hy700upihwwt06 0 14954 55300 54499 2026-09-22T20:08:28Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 55300 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Xitsonga-Xibelani-Dancers.jpg|thumb|Basadi ba Matsonga ba dira mmino wa xibelani ]] Mmino wa xibelani (Shibelani, Shibelana, Shibelane) ke mmino wa selegae wa basadi ba Batsonga go tswa kwa [[Mpumalanga]] le [[Limpopo]] e e leng mo [[Aforika Borwa]]. Leina la mmino le tswa mo puong ya Se-Xitsonga mme le ka ranolelwa go "go itaya ka morethetho", sekai, kgopolo ya "xi Bela ni vunanga". Leina "xibelani" gantsi le kaya mokgwa wa go bina fa mosese ka boone o bidiwa "tinguvu", le fa go ntse jalo, lefoko "xibelani" ka dinako tse dingwe le dirisiwa go kaya motantsho le mosese. == Hisetori == Hisetori ya go bina xibelani e simolotse bogologolo kwa dinakong tsa kwa lotshitshing lwa borwa jwa [[Mozambique]] go tloga ka dingwaga tsa bo1400 kgotsa pele ga moo fa merafe ya [[Mozambique]] e ne e lekeletsa ka diletswa tsa mmino mme segolobogolo ka diletswa tsa logong le medumo ya go letsa ya meropa ya setso, di-xylophone le di-marimbas. Batho ba morafe wa Chopi ba ne ba nna matlhagatlhaga thata mo botaking jono mme ke motswedi o o kwadilweng ka ga metlha ya pele ya mofuta ono wa mmino le go bina, e leng timbila e e kwadisitsweng mo mabolokelong a UNESCO a boswa e le Setshwantsho se se Tlhomologileng sa Ngwao-Boswa jo bo sa Tshwaneng le Botho. Mokgwa ono wa go bina, totatota o tlhoka gore motantshi a tshikinye letheka go tsamaisana le morethetho mme mmele otlhe o tshwanetse go dirisiwa go kaela metsamao. Gantsi batho ba ba neng ba bina ba-Xibelani ba ne ba tshameka mmino wa diletswa tsa mmino mmogo le go opa diatla le go letsa molodi. Fa batshameki ba mbila le swigubu ba ne ba tshameka mo setlhopheng sa okhestra, basadi ba Batsonga ba ne ba tla latela ka go opela, e e neng e le mokgwa wa go bitsa le go araba, mme ka dinako tse dingwe basadi ba ne ba tla refosana go bina fa pele ga setlhopha sa okhestra. Dikobo tsa bogologolo tsa xibelani di ne di dirwa ka ditlhale tse di farologaneng, wulu, ditlhale le bojang. Di-xibelani tsa segompieno gantsi ke diaparo tse ditelele tse di dirilweng ka letsela le le nonofileng le le dirang gore di bidiwe tinguvu. == Mokgwa == Mo motantsheng wa xibelani, basadi ba Batsonga ba bofa mofuta wa sekgatshi sa Seaforika - xibelani se se itsegeng jaaka "tinguvu" - go dikologa letheka la bona mme morago ba bo ba tshikinyega go tswa mo lethekeng. Seaparo sa xibelani se diretswe go dira gore motho yo o se apereng a lebege a na le letheka le legolo, mme ka go dira jalo a gatelela go roroma. Sekepe ka bosone se dirwa ka letsela kgotsa ka boboa mme se dirwa ka mebala e e farologaneng e bile se dirilwe ka tsela e e farologaneng. Letsela leno kgotsa boboa jono bo logwa ka seatla kgotsa ka motšhine mme bo dirilwe ka tsela e e tshwanang le mofuta mongwe wa mosese wa kwa Caribbean. Mekgabiso ya gompieno ya xibelani gantsi e diretswe go bina mme ka jalo e na le modumo fa letheka le tshikinngwa. Mokgwa wa go bina wa yone ke wa go roroma ga Caribbean, le fa gone e na le morethetho o o bofefo le thulaganyo e e raraaneng ya go bina e e tlwaelegileng mo bathong ba Batsonga. Basetsana ba Batsonga ba tlwaetse go ithuta go bina mmino wa Xibelani, mme ke tsela e ba bontshang ka yone gore ba motlotlo ka setso sa bone. Se-Xibelan Tlhakwana, e gape e bidiwang serethe sa kgomo, ke dijo tsa setso tse di ratwang ke batho ba le bantsi ba [[Aforika Borwa]]. E dirwa ka karolo e e kwa tlase ya leoto la kgomo mme e tseelwa kwa godimo ka ntlha ya tatso ya yone e e monate le tsela e e borethe le e e bonolo e e dirilweng ka yone fa e apeilwe sentle. Gantsi se apewa e le dijo tse di monate tse di ka jewang ke lelapa lotlhe. Batsonga ba bina moopelo wa xibelani go ya ka mmino wa bone o o farologaneng, gantsi e le wa Tsonga disco kgotsa Tsonga ndzhumbha (mmino wa setso wa Xitsonga) mme go setse go tlwaelegile gore ditlhopha tsotlhe tsa Batsonga di nne le baopedi ba basadi ba xibelani. Metantsho ya xibelani le tshetsha e ile ya tuma gape mo Giyani wa segompieno ka gonne batho ba ile ba amogela mekgwa ya bone ya setso. Le fa gone mmino wa xibelani e le wa basadi, banna bangwe le bone ba a o bina, segolobogolo fa go na le xiseveseve (mofuta mongwe wa moletlo). Mo setšhabeng sa segompieno, go binwa ga xibelani go tsewa e le motantsho o o bulegileng o mongwe le mongwe a ka nnang le seabe mo go one, mme gape o dirisiwa mo kerekeng le mo ditirelong. == Bona gape == * Music of Mozambique * Origin * Oringe == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Xibelani]] mgmhlsgqqn4m7qapr4f0nqtoawdapg3 0 14955 55301 54764 2026-09-22T20:09:49Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 55301 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Cow heels.jpg|thumb|Tlhakwana]] === Tlhakwana === Tlhakwana ke sejo sa setso se se di dirilweng ka karolo e e kwa tlase ya leoto la kgomo, go akaretsa letlalo, dithishu tse di golaganyang le lerapo. Gantsi e apewa ka iketlo mo seboaneng kgotsa mo sopong go fitlha e nna boleta, e leng se se dirang gore sejo seno se nne le tatso e e monate e bile se le thata.<ref>https://festival.si.edu/blog/how-to-cure-a-hangover-in-armenia-cow-foot-soup-khash</ref> ==== Tsela e e Tlwaelegileng ya go e Baakanya ==== Ka tlwaelo go tsaya nako e telele go apaya serethe sa kgomo ka gonne nama le dithishu tse di e tshwaraganyang di thata ka tlholego. Gantsi e a phepafadiwa e bo e bedisiwa kgotsa e bedisiwa mo boapeelong diura di le mmalwa go fitlha e nna boleta. Go ka tsenngwa merogo, dieie, ditamati, ditswaiso le dilo tse dingwe go dira dijo tse di monate. ==== Dijo Tse di Kgotsofatsang ==== Tlhakwana gantsi e jewa le dijo tse di tlwaelegileng tse di jaaka bogobe, ledombolo, setampa, kgotsa merogo. Sose kgotsa moro o o nang le tatso o o dirwang fa go apewa o dira gore dijo di nne monate thata fa go jewa mmogo lo le lelapa. E re ka e le monate e bile e kgotsofatsa, e ka nna sejo se se botlhokwa fa batho ba batla dijo tse di monate tsa setso. Lelapa le Setšhaba Dijo tsa setso tse di jaaka tlhakwana gantsi di amanngwa le botshelo jwa lelapa le jwa setšhaba. Go apaya dijo tse di ntseng jalo go ka dira gore maloko a lelapa a atamalane, segolobogolo fa mekgwa ya go apaya ya setso e fetisediwa go tswa mo kokomaneng e kgolo go ya go e potlana. Malapa a a farologaneng a ka apaya serethe sa kgomo ka ditsela tse di sa tshwaneng go ikaegile ka dingwao tsa bone le dilo tse ba di ratang.<ref>https://wired868.com/2025/05/18/vaneisa-the-loss-of-cow-heel-is-our-cultural-heritage-becoming-unaffordable/</ref> ==== Botlhokwa Jwa Setso ==== Tlhakwana o bontsha kafa batho ba Aforika Borwa ba tlwaetseng go dirisa dikarolo tse di farologaneng tsa diphologolo go na le go senya dijo. Ke sekai sa kafa go apaya ka tsela ya setso go ka fetolang dilo tse di motlhofo go dirwa dijo tse di nang le dikotla le tse di monate ka teng. Mo bathong ba le bantsi, go ja tlhakwana gape go ka dira gore ba gopole legae la bone, lelapa le dikokoano tsa setso. Tlhakwana ga se fela serethe sa kgomo; ke karolo ya dijo tse dintsi tse di tswang mo [[Aforika Borwa]]. Go dirwa ga yone ka bonya, tatso ya yone e e monate le go amana ga yone le dingwao tsa lelapa go dirile gore e nne e ntse e ratiwa. E tswelela go bontsha botlhokwa jwa dijo tsa setso mo setsong sa Aforika Borwa. [[Category: Tlhakwana]] bx3exj5zgiuyo8swi9mje9utb9yydwx 55302 55301 2026-09-22T20:10:17Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 55302 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Cow heels.jpg|thumb|Tlhakwana]] === Tlhakwana === Tlhakwana ke sejo sa setso se se di dirilweng ka karolo e e kwa tlase ya leoto la kgomo, go akaretsa letlalo, dithishu tse di golaganyang le lerapo. Gantsi e apewa ka iketlo mo seboaneng kgotsa mo sopong go fitlha e nna boleta, e leng se se dirang gore sejo seno se nne le tatso e e monate e bile se le thata.<ref>https://festival.si.edu/blog/how-to-cure-a-hangover-in-armenia-cow-foot-soup-khash</ref> ==== Tsela e e Tlwaelegileng ya go e Baakanya ==== Ka tlwaelo go tsaya nako e telele go apaya serethe sa kgomo ka gonne nama le dithishu tse di e tshwaraganyang di thata ka tlholego. Gantsi e a phepafadiwa e bo e bedisiwa kgotsa e bedisiwa mo boapeelong diura di le mmalwa go fitlha e nna boleta. Go ka tsenngwa merogo, dieie, ditamati, ditswaiso le dilo tse dingwe go dira dijo tse di monate. ==== Dijo Tse di Kgotsofatsang ==== Tlhakwana gantsi e jewa le dijo tse di tlwaelegileng tse di jaaka bogobe, ledombolo, setampa, kgotsa merogo. Sose kgotsa moro o o nang le tatso o o dirwang fa go apewa o dira gore dijo di nne monate thata fa go jewa mmogo lo le lelapa. E re ka e le monate e bile e kgotsofatsa, e ka nna sejo se se botlhokwa fa batho ba batla dijo tse di monate tsa setso. Lelapa le Setšhaba Dijo tsa setso tse di jaaka tlhakwana gantsi di amanngwa le botshelo jwa lelapa le jwa setšhaba. Go apaya dijo tse di ntseng jalo go ka dira gore maloko a lelapa a atamalane, segolobogolo fa mekgwa ya go apaya ya setso e fetisediwa go tswa mo kokomaneng e kgolo go ya go e potlana. Malapa a a farologaneng a ka apaya serethe sa kgomo ka ditsela tse di sa tshwaneng go ikaegile ka dingwao tsa bone le dilo tse ba di ratang.<ref>https://wired868.com/2025/05/18/vaneisa-the-loss-of-cow-heel-is-our-cultural-heritage-becoming-unaffordable/</ref> ==== Botlhokwa Jwa Setso ==== Tlhakwana o bontsha kafa batho ba [[Aforika Borwa]] ba tlwaetseng go dirisa dikarolo tse di farologaneng tsa diphologolo go na le go senya dijo. Ke sekai sa kafa go apaya ka tsela ya setso go ka fetolang dilo tse di motlhofo go dirwa dijo tse di nang le dikotla le tse di monate ka teng. Mo bathong ba le bantsi, go ja tlhakwana gape go ka dira gore ba gopole legae la bone, lelapa le dikokoano tsa setso. Tlhakwana ga se fela serethe sa kgomo; ke karolo ya dijo tse dintsi tse di tswang mo [[Aforika Borwa]]. Go dirwa ga yone ka bonya, tatso ya yone e e monate le go amana ga yone le dingwao tsa lelapa go dirile gore e nne e ntse e ratiwa. E tswelela go bontsha botlhokwa jwa dijo tsa setso mo setsong sa Aforika Borwa. [[Category: Tlhakwana]] ivn29t2efjlo8inip3hbiuukigqsxtu 0 14957 55303 54508 2026-09-22T20:11:22Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 55303 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Parade_of_Basotho_women.jpg|thumb|Basotho women wearing blankets]] [[Setshwantsho:Retsilisitsoe_Nthunya.jpg|thumb|Ngwana o apare kobo ya Basotho]] Dikobo tsa Basotho ke mofuta wa diaparo tse di aparwang ke batho ba Basotho kwa [[Lesotho]] le Aforika Borwa. E ne e le ya wulu e e itshekileng, mme e fetogile ka ntlha ya maemo a ikonomi a a fetogang le kgatelopele ya thekenoloji mo masomeng a dingwaga a a fetileng, e leng se se dirileng gore go fetolwe go nna motswako wa letsela o o nang le 50% ya wulu ya merino le 50% ya dralon, motswako wa wulu le katune, kgotsa faeba ya acrylic fela. == Hisetori == E ne e le mpho ya mmusi wa nako eo Kgosi Moshoeshoe I, ke monna wa kwa Borithane yo o neng a itsiwe fela jaaka "Rre Howell" kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwagakgolo wa bo 19. Dikobo tseno di ne tsa tuma ka bonako mo kgaolong ya [[Lesotho]]. Tsela eo banna ba Basotho ba aparang dikobo tse tsa setso ka yona e ikaegile ka Kaross ya setso, kobo ya letlalo la phologolo le fa phetogo ya bona go nna "tsela e e logilweng ka feketiri" e amanngwa le Kgosi Moshoeshoe I. Ka 1860 go ne go le thata go bona matlalo a a lekaneng a Karosses mme ka 1872 bontsi jwa matlalo a dinku a ne a emisitswe ka dikobo tsa boleng jo bo kwa tlase tsa katune kgotsa boboa. Kgosi o ne a tlhomamisa go dirwa ga "dikobo tse di kgethegileng" ka 1876 morago ga go kopana le motlhami wa diaparo wa Moesemane le mogwebi Donald Fraser. Dikobo tse disha tse di ne di sa nonofa fela mme gape di ne di ka dirwa ka tsela e e tshwanang le ya Kaross mme ka jalo di ne tsa emisetsa ka bonako letsela la boleng jo bo kwa tlase le le neng le romelwa kwa ntle le le neng le aparwa ke batho ba Lesotho pele. == Tiriso ya Meletlo == Go kgabaganya Bogosi, mefuta e e farologaneng ya dikobo tse e aparwa ke batho ba Lesotho go emela meetlo e e farologaneng ya go fetisa mo setšhabeng. Moholobela ke kobo ya tsalo e e aparwang ke basimane ba Basotho go baakanyetsa phetogo ya bone go nna banna. Morago ga moletlo wa go simolola, makawana a kwa Lesotho a tla apara kobo e e farologaneng e e bidiwang Lekhokolo, e e tlhomamisang gore ba setse ba godile. E ne e le tlwaelo gore monyadiwa wa Mosotho a apare kobo ya Motlotlehi ka letsatsi la lenyalo la bona, fela kobo ya Lingoetsi e emisitse e e neng e sa tlhole e dirisiwa. Ka fa letlhakoreng le lengwe, banna ka tlwaelo ba naya basadi ba bone dikobo tsa Serope fa ngwana wa bone wa ntlha a tsholwa. Seana Marena: Se se raya gore kobo ya kgosi kgotsa go ikana ka kgosi. Kobo e e kgethegileng e aparwa fela ke kgosi le dikgosana tsa gagwe, e na le maemo a a kwa godimo go feta dikobo tsotlhe tsa Basotho. Lehlosi: Ke kobo e e dirilweng ka letlalo la katse ya naga kgotsa nkwe. Gone jaanong, gantsi o tla bona dikgosana di apere dikobo tse di dirilweng ka tsela ya kgwebo tse di nang le letshwao la nkwe, go na le matlalo a mmatota a nkwe. Victorian/ Malakabane: Go ya ka ditlhamane tsa selegae, ka 1897 Kgosigadi Victoria o ne a etela Lesotho (se ga se a diragala, mme ngwaga oo o ne wa tshwaya Jubilee ya Taemane ya Kgosigadi Victoria). Go ya ka ditlhamane, o ne a naya Kgosi Lerotholi Letsie mpho, e e neng e le kobo. O ne a rwala kobo eo ka tsela e e nang le seriti, ka tsela e e neng e tshwantshetsa Poncho, mo magetleng a gagwe mme ke gone koo ngwao ya go rwala kobo e simologileng teng. Tota e bile, ka 1897 Donald Fraser o ne a tlhama kobo e e neng e ka emisetsa matlalo a nkwe, a a neng a setse a sa tlwaelega, mme a e bitsa Victoria England go gopola Jubilee ya Taemane ya ga Kgosigadi Victoria. 5] Batho ba Basotho ba ne ba na le lorato le tlotlo e kgolo go Kgosigadi Victoria mme kobo ya Victoria England e fetogile letshwao la maemo le le batliwang thata. Motlatsi: e diretswe go tlotla botsalo jwa Kgosana Lerotholi. Motlatsi o raya "motlhatlhami". [[Setshwantsho:Dikobo_tsa_Basotho.jpg|thumb|Mefuta e e farologaneng ya dikobo kwa Oliewenhuis Art Museum, Bloemfontein, South Africa.]] Letlama: e aparwa ke banna le basadi ba ba simolotseng ka ngwao " tlama" ke go bofa "ke e tlametse mathata aseng basali ba batho" ("Ke e bofile (kobe) ka ntlha ya mathata a me e seng ka ntlha ya basadi ba banna ba bangwe') ke se motho yo o rweleng kobo eno a ka se buang. Batho Ba Roma: ba gopola ketelo ya Mopapa John Paul go ya kwa Lesotho ka 1988. Kharetsa: e reeletswe ka aloe e e tlholegang kwa dithabeng tsa Maloti kwa Lesotho. Sefate le Morena: di dirisiwa ke batho ba Basotho jaaka kobo ya letsatsi le letsatsi. Ketelo ea Morena Papa e e kayang ketelo ya Mopapa: Mopapa John Paul II o kile a etela kwa Lesotho ka 1988, mpho ya kobo e ne ya fiwa ene e e beilweng kwa Vatican kwa Roma. Ditlhamo tsa Louis Vuitton tsa kgobokanyo ya diaparo tsa banna tsa 2017 di ne di na le ditlhamane tsa Basotho Blankets tse di bakileng kgotlhang mo Afrika Borwa ka ditatofatso tsa go dirisa ngwao ya setso. [ Moqapi wa feshene Thabo Makhetha-Kwinana o itsege ka meralo ya dikobo tsa Basotho. Mo difiliming tsa 2018 tsa Black Panther le mo go Avengers: Infinity War, W'Kabi le banna ba morafe wa gagwe ba tlhagelela mo mafelong a mantsi ba apere se se lebegang e le kobo ya Basotho. E re ka batshameki ba ba mo filiming ba ne ba sa tswe mo kontinenteng ya Afrika, ditlhopha di le mmalwa tsa kontinente ya Afrika di ne tsa leba go dirisiwa ga matshwao a setso a a jaaka a a sa tshwanelang go dirisiwa ke Baafrika ba ba nnang kwa dinageng di sele. [ Le fa go ntse jalo, baesekopo e ne ya dira gore dikobo tseno di itsege mo lefatsheng lotlhe mme ya dira gore di rekisiwe thata.] == Bona gape == * Specific visual symbols related to the coming of age ceremony [[:en:Lebollo_la_basadi|lebollo la basadi]] * [[:en:Lebollo_la_banna|Lebollo la banna]] == Metswedi == == Metswedi e e kwa ntle == [[Karolo:Seanamarena]] 1cx96g5q9ck0yts9vulyssw6i1l1qx0 0 14974 55306 54578 2026-09-22T20:16:05Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 55306 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Marula_Oil.jpg|thumb|200x200px|Thekiso ya Marula Oil kwa Ongwediva Trade Fair 2016]] Oli ya Marula e ntshiwa mo dithunyeng (dinotshe) tsa maungo a setlhare sa Marula (Sclerocarya birrea), se se tswang mo lelapeng la Anacardiaceae. Go na le mefuta e mebedi ya oli ya marula, e leng e e ntshiwang mo dipeong tsa yone le e e ntshiwang mo lekapeng la yone le le thata. Oli ya Marula e dirisiwa thata mo dilong tsa go intlafatsa, mo dijong e le oli ya go apaya le go boloka nama le go alafa letlalo. Oli ya Marula gape e ka dirisiwa jaaka setlolo sa mmele. Kwa Namibia gantsi leungo la Marula le dirisiwa go dira dilo tse di jaaka matute le jeme.Sebopego sa dikhemikale Oli ya Marula e na le selekanyo se segolo sa mafura a a sa kgoreletswang a monounsaturated a a dirang gore oli eno e nne e e tlhomameng. Dikhemikale tsa mafura a a tswang mo lookwaneng lwa marula di akaretsa: Monounsaturated fatty acids: * Oleic acid (70–78%) Polyunsaturated fatty acids: * Linoleic acid (4.0–7.0%) * Alpha-linolenic acid (0.1–0.7%) * Arachidonic acid (0.3–0.7%) Saturated fatty acids: * Palmitic acid (9–12%) * Stearic acid (5.0–8.0%) Tocopherols, sterols, flavonoids, procyanidin, gallotannin and catechins are also found in marula oil.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mariod |last2=Matthaus |first2=Bertrand |last3=Eichner |first3=K. |display-authors=etal |year=2004 |title=Fatty acid, tocopherol and sterol composition as well as oxidative stability of three unusual Sudanese oils |journal=Journal of Food Lipids |volume=11 |issue=3 |pages=179–189 |doi=10.1111/j.1745-4522.2004.01131.x}}</ref> == Dikarolo tsa mmele == Oli ya Marula e na le selekanyo se segolo sa mafura a a sa kgoreletswang a monounsaturated a a dirang gore oli eno e nne e e tlhomameng. Dikhemikale tsa mafura a a tswang mo lookwaneng lwa marula di akaretsa: == Tiriso ya setso == Batho ba Setsonga ba [[Aforika Borwa]] le ba [[Mozambique]] ba ile ba dirisa oli eno jaaka setlolo se se nonotshang mmele sa basadi le jaaka oli ya go sidila masea. Mo nakong e e fetileng, basadi ba kwa [[Namibia]] ba ne ba dirisa leokwane la marula go na le metsi go intlafatsa. Oli ya Marula e dirisiwa mo dijong, segolo thata mo bathong ba porofenseng ya Inhambane kwa Mozambique, Owamboland kwa bokone jwa bogare jwa Namibia, KwaZulu-Natal Bokone mo Aforika Borwa le kgaolo ya Zvishavane kwa Zimbabwe. Mo godimo ga moo, marula e na le seabe se se botlhokwa mo dijong tsa batho ba kwa Bushmen le Bantus. 1][2] BaVenda ba dirisa oli go tswa mo dithorong go boloka nama, e e dirang gore e nne sebaka sa ngwaga. Batho ba lefelo leno ba tsaya leokwane la Marula e le sejo se se monate, mme le tsenngwa mo diresetšhurenteng di le dintsi tsa setso le tsa segompieno. == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Oli ya Marula]] [[Karolo:Marula oil]] ii8dm5ds3ahsxrqfke7qsxuctnq4nnv 55307 55306 2026-09-22T20:16:50Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 55307 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Marula_Oil.jpg|thumb|200x200px|Thekiso ya Marula Oil kwa Ongwediva Trade Fair 2016]] Oli ya Marula e ntshiwa mo dithunyeng (dinotshe) tsa maungo a setlhare sa Marula (Sclerocarya birrea), se se tswang mo lelapeng la Anacardiaceae. Go na le mefuta e mebedi ya oli ya marula, e leng e e ntshiwang mo dipeong tsa yone le e e ntshiwang mo lekapeng la yone le le thata. Oli ya Marula e dirisiwa thata mo dilong tsa go intlafatsa, mo dijong e le oli ya go apaya le go boloka nama le go alafa letlalo. Oli ya Marula gape e ka dirisiwa jaaka setlolo sa mmele. Kwa Namibia gantsi leungo la Marula le dirisiwa go dira dilo tse di jaaka matute le jeme.Sebopego sa dikhemikale Oli ya Marula e na le selekanyo se segolo sa mafura a a sa kgoreletswang a monounsaturated a a dirang gore oli eno e nne e e tlhomameng. Dikhemikale tsa mafura a a tswang mo lookwaneng lwa marula di akaretsa: Monounsaturated fatty acids: * Oleic acid (70–78%) Polyunsaturated fatty acids: * Linoleic acid (4.0–7.0%) * Alpha-linolenic acid (0.1–0.7%) * Arachidonic acid (0.3–0.7%) Saturated fatty acids: * Palmitic acid (9–12%) * Stearic acid (5.0–8.0%) Tocopherols, sterols, flavonoids, procyanidin, gallotannin and catechins are also found in marula oil.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mariod |last2=Matthaus |first2=Bertrand |last3=Eichner |first3=K. |display-authors=etal |year=2004 |title=Fatty acid, tocopherol and sterol composition as well as oxidative stability of three unusual Sudanese oils |journal=Journal of Food Lipids |volume=11 |issue=3 |pages=179–189 |doi=10.1111/j.1745-4522.2004.01131.x}}</ref> == Dikarolo tsa mmele == Oli ya Marula e na le selekanyo se segolo sa mafura a a sa kgoreletswang a monounsaturated a a dirang gore oli eno e nne e e tlhomameng. Dikhemikale tsa mafura a a tswang mo lookwaneng lwa marula di akaretsa: == Tiriso ya setso == Batho ba Setsonga ba [[Aforika Borwa]] le ba [[Mozambique]] ba ile ba dirisa oli eno jaaka setlolo se se nonotshang mmele sa basadi le jaaka oli ya go sidila masea. Mo nakong e e fetileng, basadi ba kwa [[Namibia]] ba ne ba dirisa leokwane la marula go na le metsi go intlafatsa. Oli ya Marula e dirisiwa mo dijong, segolo thata mo bathong ba porofenseng ya Inhambane kwa Mozambique, Owamboland kwa bokone jwa bogare jwa [[Namibia's Rainbow Project|Namibia]], [[KwaZulu-Natal]] Bokone mo Aforika Borwa le kgaolo ya Zvishavane kwa Zimbabwe. Mo godimo ga moo, marula e na le seabe se se botlhokwa mo dijong tsa batho ba kwa Bushmen le Bantus. 1][2] BaVenda ba dirisa oli go tswa mo dithorong go boloka nama, e e dirang gore e nne sebaka sa ngwaga. Batho ba lefelo leno ba tsaya leokwane la Marula e le sejo se se monate, mme le tsenngwa mo diresetšhurenteng di le dintsi tsa setso le tsa segompieno. == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Oli ya Marula]] [[Karolo:Marula oil]] geqdp7f9s0mjkalgk4c4u1avsgz0lc3 0 14985 55308 54651 2026-09-22T20:17:50Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 55308 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Bogobe jwa mabele le phane.jpg|thumb|Bogobe jwa mabele]] === '''Ting''' === Ting, e itsiwe jaaka bogobe jwa mabele, ke sejo sa setso se se bedisitsweng se se amanang le ngwao ya dijo tsa [[Aforika Borwa]]. Gantsi e apewa ka sorghum kgotsa mmidi o o bedisitsweng, le fa gone mekgwa ya go e apaya e ka farologana go ya ka ditšhaba. Ting e amanngwa thata le dijo tsa setso mo dikarolong tsa [[Aforika Borwa]] le dinaga tsa boagisani. Thulaganyo ya go bedisa ke nngwe ya dilo tse di botlhokwa thata ka ting.<ref>https://theconversation.com/amazing-ting-south-africa-must-reinvigorate-sorghum-as-a-key-food-before-its-lost-185552</ref> Go bedisa go fetola tatso le popego ya boupe mme go dira gore bo nne le tatso e e bogale. Go bedisa dijo ka tsela e e tlwaelegileng le gone e ne e le mokgwa wa bogologolo wa go fetola le go boloka dijo pele ga di tsidifadiwa ka tsela ya segompieno le go dirwa ga dijo ka tsela ya madirelo. Go baakanyetsa ting, dithoro tse di jaaka sorghum kgotsa mmidi di a silwa di bo di dirwa boupe.<ref>https://health.clevelandclinic.org/sorghum-benefits</ref> ==== E Diriwa Jang ==== Dijo tseno di tswakanngwa le metsi di bo di tlogelwa gore di bedise ka lobaka lo lo rileng. Fa e sena go bedisiwa, e apewa ka metsi a mangwe go fitlha e nna jaaka boupe. Nako e e tserweng go bedisa e ka ama tatso ya bofelo. Ting e ka jewa ka ditsela tse di farologaneng. Batho ba bangwe ba e ja ka nako ya dijo tsa mo mosong, fa ba bangwe bone ba e ja fa ba ja dijo tse dikgolo. E ka jewa ka mashi, sukiri kgotsa ka dilo tse dingwe, go ikaegile ka dingwao tsa lefelo leo le se motho a se ratang. Gape e ka jewa le dijo tse di monate. Dingwaga di le dintsi tse di fetileng, ting e ne e le motswedi o o botlhokwa wa maatla ka gonne e ne e dirwa ka dithoro tse di neng di ka jalwa le go bolokiwa ke malapa a balemirui.<ref name=":0">https://www.news24.com/life/food/cooking/sorghum-an-unsung-hero-of-south-african-cuisine-20241018</ref> [[Sorghum]] e ntse e le botlhokwa thata mo temothuong ya [[Aforika Borwa]] ka gonne e kgona go gola mo maemong a a omeletseng. Go dirwa ga ting le gone go bontsha kafa kitso ya setso e leng botlhokwa ka teng. Batho ba ne ba tlhoka go tlhaloganya gore ba ka baakanya jang dijo tsa dithoro, ba laola tsela e di bedisiwang ka yone le go apaya dijo tse di setseng. Gantsi kitso e e ntseng jalo e ne e rutwa mo malapeng le mo setšhabeng.<ref name=":0" /> ==== Bokhutlo ==== Ting e na le botlhokwa jwa setso ka gonne e golaganya batho ba segompieno ba [[Aforika Borwa]] le dingwao tsa bogologolo tsa dijo. Le fa gone batho ba le bantsi gompieno ba ja dijo tsa sefitlholo tse di rekisiwang le dijo tse dingwe tsa segompieno, go sa ntse go dirwa le go ratiwa dijo tsa setso tse di dirilweng ka go bedisa. Sejo seno gape se bontsha kafa go bedisa go neng go le botlhokwa ka teng mo hisetoring ya dijo. Go bedisa ga se fela tsela ya go fetola tatso; ke mokgwa wa bogologolo o o ileng wa dira gore batho mo lefatsheng lotlhe ba dire dijo tse di nang le mekgwa e e farologaneng. Ka jalo, Ting e sa ntse e le sekai se se botlhokwa sa ngwao-boswa ya go apaya ya borwa jwa Aforika. E emela temothuo ya setso, go baakanya dijo, go bedisa le go fetisa kitso go tswa kokomaneng e nngwe go ya go e nngwe.<ref>https://www.glamour.co.za/lifestyle/food-drink/healthy-south-african-dishes-to-indulge-in-this-heritage-month-17323601</ref> [[Category: Ting]] [[Category: Bogobe jwa mabele]] [[Category: Mabele]] hd0jk65az6er2te5i4dltdm1hxma0og 0 14986 55309 54659 2026-09-22T20:19:00Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 55309 wikitext text/x-wiki   [[File:South_Africa_Ndebele_speakers_proportion_map.svg|thumb|Geographical distribution of Southern Ndebele in South Africa: proportion of the population that speaks Southern Ndebele at home. <templatestyles src="Image key/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{legend-col|{{legend|#EDF8E9|0–20%}}|{{legend|#BAE4B3|20–40%}}|{{legend|#74C476|40–60%}}|{{legend|#31A354|60–80%}}|{{legend|#006D2C|80–100%}}}}]] [[File:South_Africa_Ndebele_speakers_density_map.svg|thumb|Geographical distribution of Southern Ndebele in South Africa: density of Southern Ndebele home-language speakers. <templatestyles src="Image key/styles.css" /><templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{legend-col|{{legend|#ffffcc|&lt;1 /km²}}|{{legend|#ffeda0|1–3 /km²}}|{{legend|#fed976|3–10 /km²}}|{{legend|#feb24c|10–30 /km²}}|{{legend|#fd8d3c|30–100 /km²}}|{{legend|#fc4e2a|100–300 /km²}}|{{legend|#e31a1c|300–1000 /km²}}|{{legend|#bc0026|1000–3000 /km²}}|{{legend|#800026|&gt;3000 /km²}}}}]] [[File:Pretoriase_kunsmuseum_1.jpg|thumb|Letshwao le le kwadilweng ka dipuo tse pedi e leng Seaforikanse le SeNdebele sa Borwa kwa Pretoria Art Museum]] Se-Ndebele sa Borwa, gape se itsiwe ka leina la sone la tlholego isiNdebele, ke puo ya Aforika e e leng ya setlhopha sa Nguni sa dipuo tsa Bantu, e e buiwang ke batho ba SeNdebele ba Aforika Borwa. Ga e a tshwanela go tlhakatlhakanngwa le Northern Ndebele (e e bidiwang Zimbabwean Ndebele kgotsa isiNdebele) kgotsa le Northern Transval Ndebele (e e bidiwang Sumayela Ndebele kgotsa Sindebele) e e buiwang kwa Limpopo kwa mafelong a a jaaka Polokwane (Bhulungwane), Ga-Rathoka (KaSondonga), Ga-Mashashane, Ga Maraba / Kalkspruit, Mokopane (Mghumbane), Zebediela (Sebetiela), e e gaufi thata le Southern Ndebele. == Tshobokanyo == Hisetori ya batho ba MaNdebele (ba Borwa le ba Bokone) e sale e simololwa go tswa kwa go Kgosi Ndebele, Kgosi Ndebele o tsetse Kgosi Mkhalangana, Kgosi Mkhalangana o tsetse Kgosi Mntungwa (e se ka ya tlhakatlhakanngwa le Khumalo Mntungwa, ka gonne o tsetswe ke Mbulazi), Kgosi Mntungwa o tsetse Kgosi Jonono, Kgosi Jonono o tsetse Kgosi Nanasi, Kgosi Nanasi o tsetse Kgosi Mafana, kgosi Mafana o tsetse Kgosi Mhlanga le Tlhogo Libhoko, Kgosi Mhlanga o tsetse Kgosi Musi le Tlhogo Skhube. Se-Ndebele Bangwe ba bomorwawe ba ne ba sala le morafe wa Ba-Hlubi Mkhalangana Bangwe ba bomorwawe ba ne ba ya kwa bokone mme ba bopa morafe wa Kalanga Mntungwa Mosimolodi wa morafe wa amaNtungwa Njonono O tlhokafetse kwa Jononoskop gaufi le Ladysmith Leina la lelapa Jonono ke la morafe wa Hlubi Nanasi O tlhokafetse kwa Jononoskop gaufi le Ladysmith Sefane Nanasi ke wa morafe wa Hlubi Mafana O tlhokafaletse kwa Randfontein (Emhlangeni) Mhlanga O tlhokafetse kwa Randfontein (Emhlangeni) Musi O tlhokafetse kwa kwaMnyamana (Pretoria) Kraal ya Kgosi Musi e ne e le kwa eMhlangeni lefelo le le neng le reeletswe ka rraagwe Mhlanga, leina la lefelo le le itsege jaaka Randfontein (Mohlakeng) mme moragonyana le ne la fudusetswa kwa KwaMnyamana e jaanong e bidiwang Emarula kgotsa Bon Accord kwa [[Pretoria]]. Kgosi Musi o ne a nyetse basadi ba bantsi mme a nna le barwa ba ba latelang, Skhosana (Masombuka), Manala (Mbuduma), Ndzundza (Hlungwana), Thombeni (Kekana or Gegana), Sibasa, Mhwaduba (Lekhuleni) le Mphafuli le ba bangwe. Se-Ndebele sa Borwa ke nngwe ya dipuo di le lesome le bobedi tsa semmuso mo Rephaboliking ya Aforika Borwa. Puo e ke ya Nguni kgotsa Zunda classification (UN) e e buiwang bogolo kwa Mpumalanga Province, Gauteng, Limpopo le Bokone Bophirima. Mafoko a a reng isikhethu a ka ranolwa ka tsela e e motlhofo fela go kaya 'tsela ya go dira kana go bua ya Ba-Ndebele ba Borwa.' Isikhethu e raya Southern Ndebele ka tsela e e tshwanang le e sikitsi e tla kayang Swazi le se harona e tla kayang Sesotho. Mo dingwageng tse di fetileng, puo eno e ile ya kgethololwa thata. Go ne go sa kgothalediwe gore batho ba bue puo eno phatlalatsa go fitlha go tlhongwa puso ya tlhaolele ya Southern Ndebele (KwaNdebele). Bontsi jwa batho ba ba buang Se-Ndebele sa Borwa ba ne ba rata Sezulu segolobogolo ka gonne se ne se ithutiwa kwa sekolong. Gompieno batho ba ba buang Se-Ndebele sa Borwa, bontsi jwa bone ba ba rutegileng ba sa ntse ba rata go dirisa Se-Ndebele sa Borwa jaaka puo ya gae ya bana ba bone mme ba tla dirisa Se-Ndebele sa Borwa jaaka puo ya go buisana le batho ba bangwe ba ba buang Se-Ndebele sa Borwa. == Thutamedumo == === Ditumanosi === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Southern Ndebele vowels ! !Front !Back |- style="text-align:center;" !Close |i [i] |u [u] |- style="text-align:center;" !Mid |e [e~ɛ] |o [o~ɔ] |- style="text-align:center;" !Open | colspan="2" |a [a] |} === Ditumammogo === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |+Southern Ndebele consonants ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | ! rowspan="2" |Labial ! colspan="2" |Alveolar ! rowspan="2" |Post-alv./<br /><br />Palatal ! rowspan="2" |Velar ! rowspan="2" |Glottal |- !central !lateral |- ! rowspan="6" |Plosive !ejective |p [pʼ] |t [tʼ] | | |k [kʼ] | |- !aspirated |ph [pʰ] |th [tʰ] | | |kh [kʰ] | |- !devoiced |bh [b̥] |d [d̥] | | |ɡ [ɡ̊] | |- !prenasal |mp [ᵐp] |nt [ⁿt] | | |nk [ᵑk] | |- !prenasal (vd.) |mb [ᵐb] |nd [ⁿd] | | |ng [ᵑɡ] | |- !implosive |b [ɓ] | | | | | |- ! rowspan="5" |Affricate !ejective | |ts [tsʼ] |tl [tɬʼ] |tj [tʃʼ] |kg [kxʼ] | |- !aspirated | |tsh [tsʰ] |tlh [tɬʰ] |tjh [tʃʰ] |kgh [kxʰ] | |- !plain | |dz [dz] | | | | |- !devoiced | | | |j [d̥ʒ] | | |- !prenasal | | | |nj [ᶮdʒ] | | |- ! rowspan="5" |Fricative !plain |f [f] |s [s] |hl [ɬ] | |rh [x] | |- !voiced |v [v] |z [z] |dl [ɮ] | | |h [ɦ] |- !prenasal |mf [ᶬf] | | | | | |- !prenasal (vd.) |mv [ᶬv] | | | | | |- !aspirated | | |dlh [ɮʰ] | | | |- ! colspan="2" |Nasal |m [m] |n [n] | |ny [ɲ] |ngh [ŋ] | |- ! colspan="2" |Liquid | |r [r] |l [l] | | | |- ! colspan="2" |Semivowel |w [w] | | |y [j] | | |} Ditumammogo tsa nt, nd, k, mf, le mv gantsi di felela ka di-allophone tsa [d ⁇ r dr k ⁇  ɱp̪fʼ ɱb̪v]. === Tobetsa ditumammogo === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Southern Ndebele clicks ! colspan="2" | !Dental !Post-<nowiki><br id="mwAZA"></nowiki><nowiki><br></nowiki> alveolar !Lateral |- ! rowspan="2" |<small>voiceless</small> !<small>plain</small> |c [ᵏǀ] |q [ᵏ!] |x [ᵏǁ] |- !<small>aspirated</small> |ch [ᵏǀʰ] |qh [ᵏ!ʰ] | |- ! rowspan="2" |<small>voiced</small> !<small>plain</small> |gc [ᶢǀ] |gq [ᶢ!] | |- !<small>nasalized</small> |nc [ᵑǀ] |nq [ᵑ!] |nx [ᵑǁ] |} == Thutapuo == === Maina === Leina la Se-Ndebele sa Borwa le na le dikarolo tse pedi tsa botlhokwa, e leng seele sa ntlha le karolo ya ntlha. Ka go dirisa maemedi, maina a ka aroganngwa ka ditlhopha tsa maina, tse di balwang ka tatelano, go dira gore go nne motlhofo go a bapisa le dipuo tse dingwe tsa Bantu. Tafole e e latelang e naya kakaretso ya ditlhopha tsa maina a SeNdebele sa Borwa, di rulagantswe go ya ka dipara tsa bong-bontsi. {| class="wikitable" !Class !Singular !Plural |- |1/2 |um(u)-¹ |aba-, abe- |- |1a/2a |u- |abo- |- |3/4 |um(u)-¹ |imi- |- |5/6 |i-, ili-, ilu- |ama- |- |7/8 |is(i)- |iz(i)-, iiN- |- |9/10 |iN- |iiN- |- |14 |ubu-, ub-, utj- | |- |15 |uku- | |- |17 |uku- | |} 1 umu- e emisetsa um- pele ga mafoko a a nang le monosyllabic, jaaka umuntu (motho). Maemedi a dirisa di-affix tse di latelang go tlhalosa motho le selo: {| class="wikitable" !Person/<br /><br />Class !Prefix !Infix |- |1st sing. |ngi- | -ngi- |- |2nd sing. |u- | -wu- |- |1st plur. |si- | -si- |- |2nd plur. |ni- | -ni- |- |1 |u- | -m(u)- |- |2 |ba- | -ba- |- |3 |u- | -m(u)- |- |4 |i- | -yi- |- |5 |li- | -li- |- |6 |a- | -wa- |- |7 |si- | -si- |- |8 |zi- | -zi- |- |9 |i- | -yi- |- |10 |zi- | -zi- |- |14 |bu- | -bu- |- |15 |ku- | -ku- |- |17 |ku- | -ku- |- |reflexive | | -zi- |} == Dikao == Dikgwedi ka isiNdembele {| class="wikitable" !English !Northern Ndebele (Zimbabwe) !Southern Ndebele (South Africa) !Zulu (South Africa) |- |January |uZibandlela |uTjhirhweni |uMasingane |- |February |uNhlolanja |uMhlolanja |uNhlolanja |- |March |uMbimbitho |uNtaka |uNdasa |- |April |uMabasa |uSihlabantangana |UMbasa |- |May |uNkwekwezi |uMrhayili |UNhlaba |- |June |uNhlangula |uMgwengweni |UNhlangulana |- |July |uNtulikazi |uVelabahlinze |uNtulikazi |- |August |uNcwabakazi |uRhoboyi |UNcwaba |- |September |uMpandula |uKhukhulamungu |uMandulo |- |October |uMfumfu |uSewula |uMfumfu |- |November |uLwezi |uSinyikhaba |uLwezi |- |December |uMpalakazi |uNobayeni |uZibandlela |} == MaNdebele kwa Zimbabwe == Se-Ndebele sa Zimbabwe ke karolo ya setlhopha sa dipuo tsa Nguni mme ka jalo se tshwana thata le dipuo tse dingwe tsa Nguni (jaaka Sezulu, Sexhosa le Seswati) tse di nang le maemo a a kwa godimo a go utlwana. Se-Ndebele sa Borwa, ha se ntse se boloka metso ya sona ya Nguni, se ile sa susumetswa ke dipuo tsa Sesotho. == Metswedi == == Metswedi e e kwa ntle == [[Karolo:Puo ya seNdebele ya Borwa]] e71r1xbxoxo8nd5hg00tpe75raf97x6 0 14994 55310 54768 2026-09-22T20:20:21Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 55310 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Makoti Fashion materials.jpg|thumb|Matsela a sehweshwe]] === '''seShweshwe''' === ==== Tshimologo le hisetori ==== Tshimologo le hisetori ya letsela le le itsegeng thata la shweshwe. Shweshwe ke letsela la khothone le le mebalabala le le gatisitsweng le le amanang thata le feshene le setso sa [[Aforika Borwa]]. E itsege ka dipopego tsa yone tse di tlhomologileng, tsela e e dirilweng ka yone le mebala ya yone e e farologaneng. Gantsi letsela leno le dirisediwa go dira diaparo tsa setso le tsa segompieno.<ref>https://www.news24.com/life/thee-african-designers-using-shweshwe-20180218</ref> Le fa hisetori ya matsela a a gatisitsweng a indigo mo Borwa jwa Aforika e golagane le kgwebo ya boditšhabatšhaba ya matsela, shweshwe e ne ya nna le boitshupo jo bo nonofileng mo [[Aforika Borwa]]. Fa nako e ntse e tsamaya, ditšhaba tse di farologaneng di ne tsa amogela le go tsenya letsela leno mo dingwaong tsa bone tsa go apara.<ref>https://www.diocesisdesalamanca.com/?g=29408362001530</ref> ==== Kafa dipopego le mebala ya Shweshwe e ileng ya nna karolo ya feshene ya Seaforika ka teng ==== Sengwe sa dilo tse di tlhomologileng ka shweshwe ke tsela e e dirilweng ka yone. Mekgwa e e tlwaelegileng ya go taka gantsi e na le dipopego tse dinnye tse di boaboeletswang, dithunya, dipopego tsa geometry le dipopego tse dingwe tsa go kgabisa.<ref>https://nylikessk.click/product_tag/5624638_.html</ref> Matsela ano a ka bonwa ka mebala e mentsi, e e akaretsang mmala o o pududu, o o borokwa, o mohibidu, o o botala le o o serolwana. Mekgwa eno e dira gore diaparo tsa shweshwe di lebege di le dintle e bile di tlhomologile. Gape batlhami ba bone ditsela tsa go kopanya mekgabiso ya bogologolo le ya segompieno, ba dira gore letsela leno le aparwe ke batho ba dingwaga tse di farologaneng le ka dinako tse di farologaneng. Diaparo tsa setso tse di dirilweng ka letsela la shweshwe tse di dirisediwang ditiragalo tse di farologaneng Shweshwe e ka dirisiwa go dira mefuta e le mentsi ya diaparo.<ref>https://nylikessk.click/product_tag/29401252_.html</ref> Diaparo tsa setso le marokgwe a a dirilweng ka letsela leno gantsi di aparwa ka nako ya meletlo, manyalo, ditiragalo tsa setso le dikokoano tse dingwe tse di botlhokwa. Banna le bone ba ka apara diaparo tse di dirilweng ka shweshwe. Mokgwa wa go apara o ka nna wa farologana go ikaegile ka setšhaba, tiragalo le se motho a se ratang. Batlhami ba segompieno ba atolositse tiriso ya shweshwe ka go dira dibaki, disutu, dilwana tsa go ikgabisa le diaparo tsa segompieno.<ref>https://www.diocesisdesalamanca.com/?g=29408782081530</ref> ==== Botlhokwa jwa shweshwe mo meletlong ==== Mo go supeng gore ke mang le mo go bontsheng setso sa bone, Diaparo di ka bontsha gore motho ke wa setso sefe, mme shweshwe e setse e le karolo ya botlhokwa ya tsela eno ya go bua. Go apara diaparo tsa setso kgotsa tse di tlhotlheleditsweng ke setso go ka dira gore motho a ikutlwe a le motlotlo e bile a amana le boswa jwa gagwe. Shweshwe gape e ratiwa thata mo meletlong e e kgethegileng ka gonne mebala ya yone e e phatsimang le dipopego tsa yone di dira gore go nne le ditshwantsho tse di kgatlhang tsa moletlo. Malapa a ka tlhopha diaparo tse di tshwanang kgotsa tse di tsamaisanang fa go na le manyalo, dikokoano tsa setso le ditiragalo tse dingwe.<ref>https://nylikessk.click/product_tag/29413252_.html</ref> ==== Kafa batlhami ba segompieno ba tswelelang go naya Shweshwe bokao ==== Gompieno, shweshwe e sa ntse e dirisiwa ka tsela ya bogologolo le ya segompieno. Batlhami ba dirisa letsela leno ka tsela e e tlhamang mme ba sa le tlogele le na le dipopego tse di sa tshwaneng le tsa setso. Seno se letla shweshwe go nna e ntse e le botlhokwa fa e ntse e golaganya feshene ya segompieno le ngwao-boswa ya Seaforika. Shweshwe ga se fela letsela le le mebalabala.<ref>https://www.businessday.co.za/bd/life/arts-and-entertainment/2018-09-05-fabric-still-weaves-tales-of-sas-turbulent-history/</ref> E setse e le karolo e e botlhokwa ya feshene ya [[Aforika Borwa]] le go tlhalosa setso. Mekgwa ya yone, mebala ya yone le ditlwaelo tsa yone tsa go e dirisa di bontsha gore batho ba Aforika ba na le bokgoni jwa go tlhama dilo, mme tsela e e tumileng ka yone e bontsha kafa dingwao tsa setso di ka fetogang ka teng gore di tsamaisane le botshelo jwa segompieno.<ref>https://www.businessday.co.za/bd/life/2025-06-04-bombay-masala-shweshwe-and-art-deco-on-the-grey-street-casbah/</ref> [[Category: Shweshwe]] [[Category: Moaparo wa seShweshwe]] 8ej1odklbgghyedexgfhhmi3djsjkpy 0 15002 55311 54769 2026-09-22T20:21:12Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 55311 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Moropa 2026.jpg|thumb|Moropa]] [[Setshwantsho:A base drum(just a drum) called Moropa in setswana.jpg|thumb|Moropa]] === Moropa === Moropa wa Setso o o Kopanyang Ditšhaba, Hisetori le botlhokwa jwa setso sa moropa mo ditšhabeng tsa [[Aforika]]. Moropa ke moropa wa setso o o amanang le mmino le ditlwaelo tsa setso mo Borwa jwa [[Aforika]].<ref>https://www.koin.com/news/portland/portland-taiko-brings-out-the-big-drums-for-annual-fall-concert/</ref> Meropa e nnile le seabe se se botlhokwa mo merafeng ya Seaforika mo dikokomaneng tse di fetileng, segolobogolo mo mminong, mo go bineng, mo meletlong le mo puisanong. Modumo wa moropa o ka kopanya batho. Fa go na le dikokoano tsa setso, go ka nna ga opelwa le go binwa go ntse go lediwa meropa, mme seno se dira gore batho ba ikutlwe ba le mmogo e bile ba itumetse.<ref>https://www.capetownmagazine.com/drumstruck</ref> ==== Tsela e moropa o dirwang ka yone le kafa o dirisiwang ka teng mo dingwaong tsa setso ==== Gantsi meropa ya setso e dirwa ka dilo tsa tlholego, e na le mmele wa logong o o sephaphathi le letlalo la phologolo kgotsa sengwe se se siametseng go tshameka mo go sone.<ref>https://www.capetownetc.com/things-to-do-cape-town/restaurants/drumstruck-at-silvermist-the-ultimate-interactive-south-african-music-dining-experience/</ref> Go dira moropa go tlhoka kitso le botswerere. Moropa o ka tshamekiwa ka diatla kana ka mekgwa e mengwe ya setso. Dipina tse di farologaneng di ka dira gore motho a ikutlwe ka tsela e e farologaneng e bile di ka tsamaisana le dipina dingwe kgotsa ditantshe dingwe. Seabe sa moropa mo go bineng, mo go opeleng, mo meletlong le mo meletlong.<ref>https://iol.co.za/saturday-star/news/2025-12-08-top-cultural-experience-in-cape-town-why-drumstruck-at-silvermist-is-a-must-do/</ref> ==== Mmino ke karolo e e botlhokwa ya meletlo e mentsi ya setso sa Seaforika. ==== Moropa o ka dira gore go nne le moribo o o tsamaisanang le go bina le go opela, o thusa batshameki go tsamaya mmogo. Ka nako ya meletlo, go letsa moropa go ka dira gore go nne le moya wa boitumelo le kutlwano. Gape e ka dirisiwa ka nako ya meletlo e mo go yone mmino o nang le seabe mo go bontsheng ditumelo tsa setso le go supa gore setšhaba ke sefe. Kafa meropa ya setso e thusang ka teng go boloka hisetori ya Aforika, dipolelo tsa yone le tsela e e itsegeng ka yone Mmino o kgona go fetisetsa kitso go tswa kokomaneng e nngwe go ya go e nngwe. Dipina tsa setso le morethetho di ka bua ka dikgang tse di ka ga ditšhaba, ditiragalo tsa hisetori, batho ba ba botlhokwa le mekgwa ya setso. [[Category: Moropa]] [[Category: Sedirisiwa sa mmino]] Fa basha ba ithuta go letsa moropa wa setso, ga ba ithute fela go letsa seletswa sa mmino. Gape ba ithuta ka setso le dingwao tse di amanang le mmino. Lebaka la go bo moropa e sa ntse e le letshwao le le botlhokwa la ngwao-boswa ya Seaforika gompieno Moropa o sa ntse o le botlhokwa ka gonne mmino wa setso o sa ntse o le karolo e e botlhokwa ya meletlo ya setso. Gape e ka tsenngwa mo dipontshong tsa segompieno mme e ntse e na le botho jwa yone jwa setso.<ref>https://leftlion.co.uk/features/2026/03/an-interview-with-andre-harris-memory-making-fundraiser-and-the-power-of-the-drums-charity-cancer-treatment-community/</ref> Didirisiwa tsa setso tse di jaaka moropa di gakolola batho ka botlhokwa jwa mmino mo ditšhabeng tsa [[Aforika]]. Di bontsha kafa moribo, go bina le go anela di ka kopanyang batho ka teng. Moropa ga se seletswa fela sa mmino. E emela setšhaba, moletlo, hisetori le setso. Ka tsela e moropa o tshamekang ka yone le tsela e o amanang ka yone le meletlo ya setso, o thusa go boloka kitso ya setso e bile o dira gore dikokomana tse di fetileng le tsa gone jaanong di nne seoposengwe.<ref>https://lookoutnewspaper.com/indigenous-drum-making-workshop-unites-cfb-esquimalt-community/</ref> 160wn78ggtggwlrrvc0hq3ysl3qu4lf 0 15005 55312 54770 2026-09-22T20:24:30Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 55312 wikitext text/x-wiki   [[Maskandi]] (also Maskanda) ke mofuta wa mmino wa setso wa MaZulu, o simolotse o amana le badiri ba bafaladi, o o ntseng o fetoga le setšhaba sa [[Aforika Borwa]]. Go akanngwa gore e simolotswe ke Phuzushukela (John Bhengu). E gantsi e tshwaetswa ke mokgwa wa go tlhopha katara e e ikaegileng ka dilo tse di farologaneng tsa hisetori gape e na le tiro e e botlhokwa ya loago ka batshameki ba ba newang tetla ya go tshwaya batho ba ba maatla diphoso phatlalatsa.<ref>https://musicinafrica.net/magazine/sa-digital-maskandi-compilation-brings-established-and-emerging-artists-together/</ref> == Ditso == Mmino ono o simologile mo "dipina tsa basadi tse di neng di na le modumo wa go nna le modumo wa go nna le modumo wa go nna le modumo wa go nna le modumo wa go nna le modumo wa go nna le modumo wa go nna le modumo wa go nna le modumo wa go nna le modumo wa go nna le modumo wa go nna le modumo wa go opela". Metso ya se gompieno se bidiwang maskandi e sale e simololwa go tswa mo mefuteng ya mmino e e seng ya katara ka dingwaga tsa bo1920, mme go fetogela kwa katareng go simolotse kwa [[Rhodesia]] ka dingwaga tsa bo1930 ka setlhopha sa baopedi ba ba neng ba tlhotlhelediwa ke mmino mo difiliming tsa Bophirima.[ Go tswa foo e ne ya tlhamiwa ke badiri ba bafaladi mo [[Aforika Borwa]].]<ref name=":1">https://www.soccerladuma.co.za/psl/fan-park/puso-dithejane-declares-love-for-maskandi-says-the-genre-belongs-to-all</ref> E ile ya tlhalosiwa e le "Mmino o o tshamekiwang ke motho yo o tsamayang, modumo wa segompieno, wa segompieno. Ke mmino wa monna yo o tsamayang dikilometara di le dintsi go ya go kgatlhantsha monyadiwa, kana go ya go kopana le Molaodi wa gagwe; tsela ya go tsamaya. Ke mmino wa monna yo o opelang ka dilo tse di mo diragaletseng mo botshelong jwa gagwe jwa mmatota, ka boitumelo le kutlobotlhoko tsa gagwe tsa letsatsi le letsatsi, ka tsela e a lebang lefatshe ka yone. Ke mmino wa monna yo o nang le blues ya Sezulu". Ga jaana ga e sa tlhole e le kgang ya banna fela mme basadi, segolo thata moswi Busi Mhlongo, ba fetogile batho ba ba itsegeng mo mofuteng ono. == Didirisiwa le dingwao == [[Maskandi]] gantsi e tshamekiwa ka diletswa tse di sa tureng, tse di kgonang go tsewa ka seatla, kana diletswa tsa segompieno tse di rulagantsweng kgotsa tse di dirilweng go etsa medumo ya diletswa tsa bogologolo. Ka tlwaelo, moopedi wa Maskandi o ne a na le pina e le nngwe, pina e telele e e neng e fetoga fa kgang ya botshelo jwa moopedi e ntse e gola. Mo malatsing ano dialebamo di ka nna tsa nna le dipina tse di tlwaelegileng di le 10 go ya go 14, tse dingwe tsa tsone le fa go ntse jalo di ka nna tsa bo di feta metsotso e le meraro. Le fa go na le mefuta e e farologaneng ya Maskandi, setlhopha sa diletswa gantsi se nna se tshwana mo mefuteng yotlhe ya yone. Seno se dirwa ka boomo go boloka modumo o o sa tshwaneng le ope. <ref name=":2">https://sundayworld.co.za/celebrity-news/khuzani-honoured-with-cultural-icon-in-maskandi-award-in-oxford/</ref>Fa o reeditse Maskandi, tseno ke diletswa tse di tlwaelegileng tse o ka di utlwang: Concertina, "Inkostin'" kgotsa "Inkostina" (Gantsi ke konokono e le 20 ya Anglo concertina, e e neng e le mo G/C e bile e tshamekiwa ka mokgwa wa Maskandi). Kgopolo e e phoso e batho ba le bantsi ba nang le yone ke ya go tsaya gore concertina ke accordion. Mo mminong wa Sesotho, di-accordion di fitlhelwa thata, mme di bogolo jo bo fetang jwa di-concertina. Modumo o o tlhagisiwang ke Concertina le one o phatsima thata e bile o kwa godimo. Gitara ya Acoustic, "Isginci". Mo setlhopheng "sengwe le sengwe" sa Maskandi go na le katara ya acoustic e e tshamekiwang ka tsela e e sa tshwaneng le epe. Katara gape ke sediriswa se se etelelang pele setlhopha sotlhe, mme dilo tsotlhe di tlhoka go kopana le thulaganyo ya katara, seno se ka akaretsa go fetola go letsa, konokono le dikarolo tse dingwe tsa didirisiwa tse di tsamaisanang le yone. Ka tlwaelo monwana wa kgonowe le monwana wa ntlha di a dirisiwa fa go tshamekiwa mokgwa wa Maskandi, mme go itsege thata gore katara ya Maskandi ke nngwe ya mekgwa e e thata go e ithuta le go e itse jaaka motshameki wa katara.<ref name=":3">https://slikouronlife.co.za/khuzani-honoured-as-a-cultural-icon-in-maskandi-music-at-nelson-mandela-leadership-awards-in-oxford/</ref> Mo mabakeng a le mantsi, motshameki wa katara wa Maskandi gape ke moopedi yo mogolo kgotsa monna yo o eteletseng pele setlhopha. Pharologano e e bonalang thata le mokgwa wa go letsa katara ya Maskandi, ke tsela e katara e letlwang ka yone. Modiragatsi wa katara wa nnete wa Maskandi gantsi o sireletsa thata tsela e a tshamekang ka yone, ka gonne seno se bopa karolo e e botlhokwa ya go tlhaola setlhopha/motshameki wa katara. Gore o kgone go tshameka katara ya Maskandi kgotsa pina ya mongwe yo o tshamekang katara ya Maskandi, sa ntlha o tshwanetse go itse gore katara eo e tshamekiwa jang mme go tswa foo o bo o itse gore go tshamekiwa jang le gore go tshamekiwa jang ka tsela efe e e dirang gore go nne le molodi kgotsa morethetho wa mmino. Ka ntlha ya seno, bagadikgitara ba kwa Maskandi gantsi ba na le bokgoni jo bo kwa godimo mo go tsa boranyane le go nna le kgaisano e e tseneletseng, le fa gone e le ka sewelo fela ba ba katisitsweng semmuso mo mminong le mo katareng. Fa go ntse go raraana ga go letsa le go letsa go ntse go oketsega, go ntse jalo le ka leina le tlotlo ya motshameki wa katara.<ref name=":1" /> Bass Guitar, "uBhesi" kgotsa "amaBhesi" kgotsa "emaBhesini". Gape, go itaya ga pelo ya pina ya Maskandi, modumo o o sa tshwaneng le ope wa Maskandi le one o ikaegile thata ka go nna boammaaruri le go dirisiwa ga thekenoloji ya dipina tsa bass. Bass ya Maskandi ke yone e e dirang gore pina eno e nne monate. Gantsi e tshamekiwa ka tsela e e bogale thata mme e utlwala sentle fa e tshamekiwa ka maikutlo le ka pelo yotlhe.<ref name=":4">https://www.snl24.com/celebs/maskandi-star-in-hot-water-over-king-misuzulu-song-20260728/</ref> Meropa, Baopedi ba ba opelang kwa morago, "Abavumayo". Baopedi ba ba opelang kwa morago ke karolo e e botlhokwa thata mo mminong wa Maskandi, totatota ga go na pina ya Maskandi e e feletseng ntle le gore go nne le baopedi ba ba opelang kwa morago. E re ka Maskandi e le mofuta wa mmino o o nang le maikutlo a a boteng le o o amang motho ka tsela e e tseneletseng, boikarabelo jwa baopedi ba ba opelang kwa morago ke go tlhama le go tlhoma molodi le maikutlo a pina ya Maskandi. "Ukuvuma ingoma", totatota e raya go opela go dumalana le se se opelwang ke moopedi yo o opelang kwa godimo. Baopedi ba ba opelang kwa morago le bone ba na le diphiri tse di boteng malebana le kafa pina ya Maskandi e rulagantsweng le go latelana ka teng mme ka jalo ba botlhokwa fela jaaka dikarolo tse dingwe tse di tsamaisanang le yone. Di-riff tsa mantswe gantsi di raraane ka boomo e bile di na le mafoko a mantsi a a sa tlwaelegang. Go dirisiwa thata ga legato.<ref name=":4" /> == Mefuta ya mmino == Pina ya setso ya [[Maskandi]] e farologanngwa ka go nna le modumo wa seletso ("izihlabo"), gantsi e tshamekiwa ka katara ya acoustic kgotsa concertina, e e beang modumo kwa tshimologong ya pina nngwe le nngwe. Izihlabo gape ke mofuta wa tshupetso, mme e na le maikaelelo a go letla moletsi wa katara go supa/bontsha bokgoni jwa gagwe ka go ngoka kgatlhego ya bareetsi.<ref>https://musicinafrica.net/magazine/sa-mphathiwohlelo-mc-shares-new-maskandi-album/</ref> E re ka bagadikgitara ba setso ba kwa Maskandi ba letsa dikitara tsa bone ka tsela e e farologaneng, go reetsa izihlabo gape go naya motho yo o reeditseng tsela ya go itse ka tlhomamo gore ke mang yo o tshamekang dikitara tseo. Izihlabo gantsi ke dinoto tse di tshamekiwang ka bonako, tse di sa tlhokeng go bopa molodi kana morethetho o o rileng. Go tshameka izihlabo gape go ka tshwantshanngwa le motshameki yo o tsenang mo motshamekong. <ref>https://musicinafrica.net/magazine/top-maskandi-songs-2026/</ref> Mo pineng ya Se-Maskandi, gantsi go tla bo go buiwa ka bonako dikarolo tsa poko ya Sezulu, e e bidiwang "izibongo". Le fa go ntse jalo, ga se gore ka metlha diteng tsa yone di a galaletsa, mme ka ntlha ya dipina tsa pop, tsa ntlo le tse dingwe tse di tlhotlheletsang mmino wa Maskandi, e bua thata ka mekgwa ya go bua le setso sa segompieno sa bafaladi, go na le go bua fela ka mokgwa wa mmino.<ref>https://www.sabcnews.com/sabcnews/maskandi-community-to-gather-in-remembrance-of-scebi-dlamini/</ref> Selo se sengwe se se botlhokwa mo mminong wa Maskandi ke botho jwa moopedi yo o eteletseng pele. Mo mminong wa Maskandi, ga se selo se se sa tlwaelegang gore dipina di "utlwele di tshwana", le fa go ntse jalo, go opela ga go fokotsege. Totatota Maskandi e bua ka go anela dipolelo le go naya motho lesedi ka moya wa moopedi yo o eteletseng pele. <ref name=":2" />Go bua thata ka molaetsa o o tlhagisitsweng mo dipineng le mo mminong, mme ke ka lebaka le go tsewang go tshwana le go reetsa mmino wa soul kgotsa wa blues. [citation needed] Mo masimologong a dingwaga tsa bo 2000 go ne ga tlhagisiwa moopedi yo moša yo o bidiwang Mtshengiseni Gcwensa (morago) yo o simolotseng mmino le tsala ya gagwe Mgqumeni Khumalo (morago). Bobedi jwa bone ba ne ba simolola mekgwa e mentsi mo madirelong ano e e neng ya dira gore bataki ba ba neng ba sa tswa go tla ba ba lebe ka tsela e e tshwanang.<ref>https://thebulrushes.com/2026/09/09/digital-maskandi-compilation-launches-with-mzukulu-and-blxckies-too-much/</ref> Mmoki Darius Brubeck o ne a tlhalosa maskandi e le "seopedi se se tshamekang mmino wa sedirisiwa sa Sezulu wa setso. Lefoko leno le tswa mo lefokong la Afrikaans e leng musikante (baopedi). KwaZulu Natal, porofense ya Aforika Borwa kwa ke ntseng ke nna le go dira teng mo dingwageng tse di lesome tse di fetileng, ke legae la diketekete tsa 'Maskandis', ba ba tlhamileng mmino o o humileng ba dirisa mokgwa o o kgethegileng wa go tshameka katara".<ref name=":3" /> == Diopedi tse di itsegeng tsa Maskandi == * Imithente * Izingane ZoMa * Busi Mhlongo * Shiyani Ngcobo * Sipho Mchunu * Johnny Clegg * Phuzushukela * Shwi no Mtekhala * Mfaz'omnyama * Bhekumuzi Luthuli * Shiyani Ngcobo * Khuzani * uGatsheni * Mthandeni SK * Thokozani Langa * 14 Shabalala == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Maskandi]] p9xjazebsv7mvi6x2fxg4foc5hrrjv1 0 15018 55313 54772 2026-09-22T20:25:25Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 55313 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Leteisi ,tjale le tukwi.jpg|thumb|Mosadi o apare leteisi]] [[Setshwantsho:Leteisi.jpg|thumb|Leteisi]] === Leteisi === Leteisi le le itsegeng gape mo mabakeng mangwe jaaka letsela la setso le le gatisitsweng le le amanang le Basotho le merafe e mengwe ya Borwa jwa Aforika, e tseelwa kwa godimo ka ntlha ya dipopego tsa yone tse di mebalabala le botlhokwa jwa setso.<ref>https://www.diocesisdesalamanca.com/?g=29407672011530</ref> Diaparo tse di dirilweng ka leteisi di ka aparwa ka dinako tsa botlhokwa le ka nako ya meletlo. Diaparo tsa setso di na le seabe se segolo mo go bontsheng batho gore ke bomang. Ka mebala, dipopego le mekgwa e batho ba e aparang, baagi ba ka tlhalosa boswa jwa bone le go amana ga bone le bagologolwane ba bone le dingwao tsa bone.<ref>https://www.pressreader.com/botswana/mmegi/20231020/281943137556268</ref> ==== Tsela e leteisi e aparwang ka yone ka dinako tsa botlhokwa tsa setso le tsa lelapa ==== Diaparo tsa Leteisi di ka aparwa ka nako ya meletlo, manyalo, meletlo le dikokoano tse dingwe. Batho ba ka nna ba tlhopha dipopego le mekgwa e e rileng go ikaegile ka tiragalo eo.<ref>https://www.mmegi.bw/lifestyle/leteisi-on-fleek-goes-to-bojanala-waterfront/news</ref> Diaparo tseno di ka nna tsa dirwa diaparo tse di jaaka marokgwe, marokgwe, dihempe, dibaki le tse dingwe. Go apara diaparo tsa setso ka dinako tsa botlhokwa go ka thusa go dira gore go nne le kutlwano mo lelapeng le mo setšhabeng. Gape e ka dira gore meletlo ya setso e nne le bokao le go bonala sentle.<ref>https://www.mmegi.bw/lifestyle/fashion-galore-at-leteisi-on-fleek/news</ref> ==== Mebala, dipaterone le dipopego tse di dirang gore diaparo tsa Ba-Leteisi e nne tse di kgethegileng ==== Sengwe sa dilo tse di kgatlhang thata ka leteisi ke go dirisa mebala e e bonalang sentle le mekgabisa e e kgabisang.<ref>https://thevoicebw.com/leteisi-on-fleek-pulls-up-numbers/</ref> Ditshwantsho tseno di ka dira gore seaparo sengwe le sengwe se lebege se sa tshwane le tse dingwe e bile di ka dira gore batho ba kgone go bontsha tsela e ba lebegang ka yone fa ba ntse ba apere sengwe se se amanang le setso sa bone.<ref>https://www.mmegi.bw/lifestyle/fashion-galore-at-leteisi-on-fleek/news-75892</ref> Matsela a setso le one a ka nna le bokao ka tsela e a dirisiwang ka yone. Moaparo o o tlhophilweng o ka nna wa bontsha mofuta wa moletlo, dingwaga tsa motho yo o o apereng kgotsa dingwao tsa setšhaba se se rileng.<ref>https://www.pressreader.com/botswana/the-monitor-4753/20211115/281779927373667</ref> Seabe sa leteisi mo go bolokeng dingwao tsa Seaforika ka diaparo Moaparo wa setso ke tsela nngwe e kitso ya setso e ka fetisiwang ka yone go tswa kokomaneng e nngwe go ya go e nngwe.<ref>https://www.pressreader.com/botswana/the-voice-botswana/20220923/282020446160615</ref> Batsadi le borremogolo le bommèmogolo ba ka ruta bana ba babotlana gore ba apare jang, gore ba apare leng le gore ke ka ntlha yang fa go le botlhokwa. Ka jalo, Leteisi o thusa go boloka setso. Tota le fa diaparo tsa segompieno di setse di ratiwa thata, matsela a setso a sa ntse a ka golaganya dilo tsa nako e e fetileng le tsa gone jaanong.<ref>https://www.pressreader.com/botswana/mmegi/20201211/281930250565002</ref> ==== Kafa dikokomana tse disha di tsenyang leteisi mo fesheneng ya segompieno ka teng ==== Batlhami ba basha le batho ba ba ratang feshene ba bone ditsela tse disha tsa go dirisa matsela a bogologolo.<ref>https://www.mmegi.bw/lifestyle/heavyweights-for-leteisi-on-fleek/news</ref> Go na le gore ba dirise fela mekgwa ya bogologolo ya go roka, ba kgona go kopanya mekgwa ya bogologolo le ya segompieno. Seno se thusa go dira gore diaparo tsa setso di nne di ntse di le botlhokwa. E bontsha gore go tlotla ngwao ga go reye gore motho o gana dikgopolo tsa segompieno. Setso se ka tswelela se gola fa se ntse se gakologelwa kwa se tswang teng.<ref>https://www.mmegi.bw/lifestyle/leteisi-on-heels-fuses-traditional-leteisi-with-modern-glamour/news</ref> Leteisi e emela bontle le botlhokwa jwa diaparo tsa setso tsa [[Aforika Borwa]].<ref>https://www.pressreader.com/botswana/the-voice-botswana/20211001/282102049831858</ref> Mebala ya yone, dipopego tsa yone le go amana ga yone le meletlo go dira gore e nne karolo e e botlhokwa ya go tlhalosa setso. Fa batho ba tswelela ba apara le go anaanela matsela a setso, ba ka kgona go boloka boswa jwa bone bo tshela gore bo tle bo dirisiwe ke dikokomana tse di tlang.<ref>https://www.pressreader.com/botswana/the-voice-botswana/20211119/281835761955493</ref> [[Category: Leteisi]] [[Category: Diaparo tsa Batswana]] i6v2suiymjocsp1k34mdcpaecehet2i 0 15019 55314 54781 2026-09-22T20:26:33Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 55314 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:White Rhino in Ziwa Reserve.jpg|thumb|Tshukudu e tshweu kwa Ziwa Reserve]] === Tshukudu e Tshweu === Go Nyelela ga Tshukdu e tshweu, tshukudu e tshweu ke nngwe ya diphologolo tse di itsegeng thata le tse di botlhokwa thata tsa naga ya [[Aforika Borwa Rainbow Nation|Aforika]]. <ref>https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2026-09-10-scientists-race-to-save-the-white-rhino</ref>Le fa gone gone jaanong ditshukudu tse ditshweu di ise di nyelele, di lebane le matshosetsi a magolo a a ka amang isagwe ya tsone, go setse fela tse pedi tsa basadi morago ga foo di tla be di fedile lefatshe lotlhe ka bophara. Di fitlhelwa thata kwa borwa le kwa botlhaba jwa [[Aforika]], kwa di nnang gone mo dipoeng le mo disavannah. Go sireletsa diphologolo tseno go botlhokwa ka gonne ke karolo ya boswa jwa tlholego jwa [[Aforika]] e bile di na le seabe se se botlhokwa mo tikologong ya teng.<ref>https://spacedaily.com/s-only-two-northern-white-rhinos-are-left-a-mother-and-daughter-who-cannot-carry-a-calf-and-after-39-laboratory-embryos-and-six-transfers-into-surrogate-mothers-not-one-of-the-attempts-has-held/</ref> ==== Go utswa ka dikgoka ==== Nngwe ya dilo tse di tshosetsang ditshukudu tse ditshweu thata ke go di tsoma. Dinare di tshwarwa ka tsela e e seng kafa molaong ka gonne dinaka tsa tsone di rekisiwa ka bokete mo marekisetsong a a seng kafa molaong.<ref>https://www.oneearth.org/species-of-the-week-southern-white-rhinoceros/</ref> Le fa melao ya boditšhabatšhaba e sireletsa ditshukudu, go tsoma go go seng kafa molaong go dirile gore palo ya tsone e fokotsege thata mo mafelong mangwe. Gape go tsoma go ka ama malapa otlhe le ditlhopha tse di tsadisang, e leng se se dirang gore go nne thata gore ditshukudu di boe di oketsege gape.<ref>https://www.weforum.org/videos/2-000-white-rhinos-are-being-released-in-the-wild/</ref> [[Setshwantsho:White rhinoceros or square-lipped rhinoceros, Ceratotherium simum. (17349074222).jpg|thumb|Tshukudu]] ==== Go Latlhegelwa ke Lefelo la Ditshukudu la Bonno ==== Go nyelela ga lefelo le ditshukudu tse ditshweu di nnang mo go lone ke selo se sengwe se se di tsenyang mo kotsing. Fa palo ya batho e ntse e oketsega, go dirisiwa lefatshe le le oketsegileng go dira temothuo, ditsela, ditoropo le dilo tse dingwe.<ref>https://www.cleveland.com/travel/2026/09/where-rhinos-roam-discovering-the-wilds-of-southeast-ohio.html</ref> Seno se dira gore go se ka ga nna le lefelo le le sireletsegileng le dinare le diphologolo tse dingwe tsa naga di ka nnang mo go lone. Fa mafelo a diphologolo di nnang mo go one a fokotsega kgotsa a katologana, di ka nna tsa se ka tsa kgona go bona dijo tse di lekaneng, metsi le mafelo a a siametseng gore di ka tsala mo go one.<ref>https://news.mongabay.com/short-article/2026/06/mozambique-completes-first-white-rhino-breeding-population-in-decades/</ref> ==== Maiteko a go Di Boloka ==== Mekgatlho e le mentsi, dipuso, batlhokomedi ba diphologolo le batho ba mo lefelong leo ba dira ka natla go sireletsa ditshukudu tse ditshweu.<ref>https://www.sanews.gov.za/south-africa/government-publishes-revised-plan-rhino-conservation</ref> Ditlhopha tse di lwantshang go tsoma ka dikgoka, mafelo a diphologolo tsa naga di sireleditsweng mo go one, dithulaganyo tsa go lekola le dithulaganyo tsa go godisa diphologolo tsa naga ke dilo tsa botlhokwa tse di dirwang go sireletsa diphologolo. Gape ditshukudu dingwe di fudusediwa kwa mafelong a a babalesegileng go di thusa go sireletsa palo ya tsone le go oketsa palo ya tsone. Maiteko ano a thusitse ditshukudu tse ditshweu go falola le fa di lebane le matshosetsi.<ref>https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/saving-the-last-white-rhinos.html</ref> [[Category: Tshukudu e tshweu]] [[Category: Tshukudu]] rykxlrd8s0durzewbucojzwk0zae3kc 0 15020 55315 54783 2026-09-22T20:28:33Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 55315 wikitext text/x-wiki Aforika Borwa e na le mephato e le mmalwa ya setso. Bontsi jwa tsona ke masole a South African Army Reserve Force (a pele e neng e le Citizen Force) a a neng a tlhomiwa ka fa tlase ga dipuso tse di fetileng tse di neng tsa tswelela go nna teng ka go amogela taolo ya puso ya ga jaana.<ref>https://defenceweb.co.za/military-history/new-exhibit-at-military-history-museum/</ref> Ka kakaretso, makgotla a setso ke a a neng a tlhamiwa pele ga go tlhamiwa ga [[Aforika Borwa]] jaaka naga e e kopaneng, le fa go na le a le mmalwa a a leng a bosheng thata. Mekgatlho ya setso e na le dilo di le mmalwa tse di farologanang go tswa mo dikarolong tse dingwe, jaaka mekgwa e e rileng ya go apara. Sengwe se se lemotshegang thata ke go rwala lebanta la Sam Browne le tšhaka ke batlhankedi.<ref>https://hot1027.co.za/news/why-a-springbok-was-buried-with-full-military-honours/</ref> == Kapa Bophirima == The Traditional Cape Regiments ke makalana a le matlhano a setso a South African Army Reserve Force (e e kileng ya bo e le Citizen Force) a Cape Town, Aforika Borwa a a leng, ka tatelano ya maemo: * [[:en:Cape_Field_Artillery|Cape Field Artillery]] (1857- ) * [[:en:Cape_Garrison_Artillery|Cape Garrison Artillery]] (1942- ) * [[:en:Cape_Town_Rifles|Cape Town Rifles]] (Dukes) (1855- ) * [[:en:Cape_Town_Highlanders_Regiment|Cape Town Highlanders]] (1885- ) * [[:en:Regiment_Westelike_Provinsie|Regiment Westelike Provinsie]] (1934- ) Ditlhaloso tse dikhutshwane, ka tatelano ya ditiragalo, bona gape le ditlhogo tse di rileng ka diregemente. === Cape Town Rifles (Dukes) === E ne ya tlhomiwa jaaka setlhopha sa baithaopi ka 1855. O ne a direla mo Ntweng ya 9 ya Malelwane (1877-78), Transkei (1879), le Basutoland Gun War (1880-81). O ne a direla mo Letsholong la kwa Bechuanaland (1897). O ne a direla mo Ntweng ya Maburu le Maesimane (1899-1902).<ref>https://www.mikebolhuis.co.za/post/project-restore-the-glory-parabat-history-exhibition-stand-unveiling</ref> O ne a abelwa Sefoka sa Kgosi ka 1904. O ne a tsenngwa mo mophatong wa baagi wa Union Defence Forces ka 1913. Mo Ntweng ya Lefatshe I, o ne a direla mo Letsholong la Aforika Borwa Bophirima la Jeremane (1915). Earl wa Athlone e ne e le mokolonele-mogolo 1930-57. Mo Ntweng ya Lefatshe II, o ne a direla mo Letsholong la Aforika Botlhaba (1940-41), Letsholo la Aforika Bokone (1941-42), le Letsholo la Italy (1945). O ne a fiwa Kgololosego ya Toropokgolo ya Cape Town ka 1967. O ne a direla mo Ntweng ya Molelwane (1977-89), le Puso e e Kgethegileng (1985-90).<ref>https://iol.co.za/sunday-tribune/news/2025-02-20-a-tank-regiment-rolls-out-its-history/</ref> === Cape Field Artillery === E ne ya tlhomiwa jaaka setlhopha sa baithaopi ka 1857. O ne a direla mo Ntweng ya 9 ya Mafelo (1877-78), Letsholo la Mafelo a Bokone (1878-79), le Letsholo la Transkei (1880-81). O ne a direla mo Letsholong la kwa Bechuanaland (1897). O ne a direla mo Ntweng ya Maburu le Maesimane (1899-1902). O ne a abelwa King's Colour (tlotlo e e sa tlwaelegang ya go gapa dibetsa) ka 1905.<ref>https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/juneteenth-black-soldiers</ref> O ne a tsenngwa mo mophatong wa baagi wa Union Defence Forces ka 1913. Mo Ntweng ya Lefatshe I, o ne a direla mo Botsuoling jwa 1914 le mo Letsholong la Jeremane la Aforika Borwa Bophirima (1915). Mo Ntweng ya Lefatshe II, o ne a direla mo Letsholong la Aforika Botlhaba (1940 - 41), Letsholo la Afrika Bokone (1941-42), le Letsholo la Italy (1944-45). O ne a fiwa Kgololosego ya Toropokgolo ya Cape Town ka 1967. O ne a direla mo Letsholong la Angola (1976), Ntwa ya molelwane (1977-89), le Maemo a tshoganyetso (1985 - 90).<ref>https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2019-11-21-asset-forfeiture-unit-deals-devastating-blow-to-regiments-capital-trio/</ref> === Cape Town Highlanders === E ne ya tlhomiwa jaaka setlhopha sa baithaopi ka 1885. O ne a direla mo Letsholong la kwa Bechuanaland (1897). O ne a direla mo Ntweng ya Maburu le Maesimane (1899-1902). O ne a abelwa Sefoka sa Kgosi ka 1904. Kgosana ya Connaught e ne e le mokolonele-mogolo ka 1908-42. <ref>https://www.mikebolhuis.co.za/post/success-project-the-restoration-of-the-aapkas-44-parachute-regiment</ref>O ne a tsenngwa mo mophatong wa baagi wa Union Defence Forces ka 1913. Mo Ntweng ya Lefatshe I, o ne a direla mo Letsholong la [[Aforika Borwa]] Bophirima la Jeremane (1915). Mo Ntweng ya Lefatshe II, o ne a direla kwa North Africa Campaign (1941-43) le kwa Italy Campaign (1944-45). Kgosigadi Elizabeth e ne e le mokolonele-mogolo go tloga ka 1948 go fitlha ka 1961. O ne a fiwa Kgololosego ya Toropokgolo ya Cape Town ka 1967. O ne a direla mo Letsholong la Angola (1976), Ntwa ya molelwane (1977-89), le Maemo a tshoganyetso (1985-90).<ref>https://sahistory.org.za/dated-event/william-brown-becomes-first-south-african-officer-killed-during-world-war-i</ref> === Regiment Westelike Provinsie === E ne ya tlhamiwa jaaka yuniti ya Citizen Force kwa Stellenbosch ka 1934, mme e ipona e le motlhatlhami wa diyuniti tse di farologaneng tsa baithaopi tse di neng di le teng mo kgaolong eo ka ngwagakgolo wa bo19. Mo Ntweng ya Bobedi ya Lefatshe, baithaopi go tswa mo RWP ba ne ba direla le South African Tank Corps mo Letsholong la Bokone jwa Afrika (1941-42). E ne ya fudusediwa kwa Paarl ka 1948, mme ya fetolwa go nna dibetsa ka 1949. O ne a boela gape mo sesoleng sa masole ka 1960. E ne ya kgaoganngwa ka batalione tse pedi ka 1970, batalione ya 1 e ne ya fudusediwa kwa [[Cape Town]] ka 1974. O ne a direla mo Letsholong la [[Angelique Rockas|Angola]] (1976), Ntwa ya molelwane (1977-89), le Maemo a tshoganyetso (1985-90). O abetswe Tokologo ya Toropokgolo ya [[Cape Town]].<ref>https://www.theideasletter.org/essay/post-post-apartheid/</ref> === Cape Garrison Artillery === Kwa tshimologong e ne e le dibeteri tse tharo tsa diCitizen Force tsa di-anti-aircraft, tse di bopilweng mo Lebothong la Difofane la Aforika Borwa fa tshireletso ya legae e ne e rulaganngwa gape ka 1942. O ne a fetisetswa go South African Artillery ka 1949, le go South African Corps of Marines ka 1951.<ref>https://monthlyreview.org/articles/the-military-defeat-of-the-south-africans-in-angola/</ref> E ne ya busetswa go SA Artillery ka 1955 mme ya kopanngwa go nna yuniti e le nngwe, 4 Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment. E ne ya kopanngwa le Yunibesiti ya Cape Town ka 1960, mme ya rewa leina go nna 'UCT Regiment'. E amogetse leina (mme, go bonala, boswa) jwa mophato wa sesole sa lewatle wa pele, Cape Garrison Artillery, ka 1974. O ne a direla mo Letsholong la Angola (1976), Ntwa ya molelwane (1977-89), le Maemo a tshoganyetso (1985-90). O ne a fiwa Kgololosego ya Toropokgolo ya Cape Town.<ref>https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/sports/amp/barrack-muluka/2001552608/has-south-africa-become-what-millions-of-africans-fought-for</ref> == Kwa-Zulu Natal == Go na le diyuniti di le mmalwa tsa setso kwa Kwa-Zulu Natal. Tseno di akaretsa: * The Natal Carbineers * Durban Light Infantry * Natal Mounted Rifles * Umvoti Mounted Rifles * Durban Regiment * Natal Field Artillery * Traditional structure == Gauteng == * [[:en:Witwatersrand_Rifles|Witwatersrand Rifles]] * [[:en:Transvaal_Scottish_Regiment|Transvaal Scottish Regiment]] * [[:en:South_African_Irish_Regiment|South African Irish Regiment]] * [[:en:Light_Horse_Regiment|Light Horse Regiment]] == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Regiments of South Africa]] [[Karolo:Mephato ya Setso ya Aforika Borwa]] ra920yy0jo8cgv3zj627pk5yu2wi1g6 0 15029 55351 54859 2026-09-23T05:24:27Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55351 wikitext text/x-wiki  '''Evette Dionne''' ke mokwadi wa ditso tsa ko Amerika. Buka ya gagwe e ae kwadileng a sale monana ''ya Lifting As We Climb'' ( Viking ) e ne ya tsenngwa mo lenaneong la National Book Award la 2020 la dikgatiso tsa dibuka tsa basha. Dionne e ne e le morulaganyi-mogolo wa Bitch go simolola ka ngwaga wa 2018 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2021. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Lee |first=Dr Danielle N. |date=2016-07-22 |title=Will Black People Ever Trust Clinical Trials? |url=https://www.ebony.com/health/will-black-people-ever-trust-clinical-trials-043/ |access-date=2020-01-29 |website=EBONY |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Lifting as We Climb by Evette Dionne |url=https://www.penguinrandomhouse.ca/books/598796/lifting-as-we-climb-by-evette-dionne/9780451481542 |access-date=2020-01-29 |website=Penguin Random House Canada |language=English}}</ref> Dionne o godiseditswe kwa New York. <ref name="truthout">{{Cite web |last=Mathewson |first=Eryn |date=28 September 2018 |title=How Students at Black Colleges Are Addressing Sexual Assault on Campus |url=https://truthout.org/audio/how-students-at-black-colleges-are-addressing-sexual-assault-on-campus/ |access-date=2020-09-04 |website=Truthout |language=en-US}}</ref> Kwa tshimologong o ne a tsena sekolo ko University of Maryland Eastern Shore mme morago a fudusediwa kwa HBCU Bennett College, kwa a neng a amogela dithuto tsa bachelor's degree ka ngwaga wa 2012 . <ref name="truthout" /> Morago o ne a amogela dithuto tsa master's degree mo botsamaisi jwa bobegakgang le dithuto tsa bomme, bong le thobalano kwa Southern Illinois University Carbondale . <ref name="yonah2017">{{Cite web |last=Barsukova |first=Ira |date=2017-06-24 |title=Why Does Feminism Need 'Bitches' Like Evette Dionne |url=http://yonah.org/channel/feminism-bitches-evette-dionne |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2020-09-04 |website=Yonah Channel |language=en-US}}</ref> Dionne ke mokwadi wa ditso yo tiro ya gagwe e itebantseng le motlhale wa bomme ba bantsho le ditiragalo tsa ga jaana. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Ryan |first=Ella Cerón, Lisa |date=2018-12-19 |title=7 Women on What A League of Their Own Meant to Them |url=https://www.thecut.com/2018/12/penny-marshall-a-league-of-their-own-impact.html |access-date=2020-01-29 |website=The Cut |language=en-us}}</ref> <ref name="prevention2018">{{Cite web |last=Groth |first=Leah |date=2018-11-14 |title=This Viral Twitter Rant Reveals Why Women Shouldn't Blindly Trust Their Doctors |url=https://www.prevention.com/health/health-conditions/a25087797/evette-dionne-uterine-fibroids/ |access-date=2020-01-29 |website=Prevention |language=en-US}}</ref> O gatisitse mokwalo wa gagwe mo ''Teen Vogue'', ''New York Times'', le ''Harper's Bazaar'' gareng ga tse dingwe. <ref name="yonah2017" /> Dionne o kile ya bo ele morulaganyi yo mogolo wa dikgang kwa The Revelist <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 July 2016 |title=Reporters on race |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/pictures/reporters-on-race/ |access-date=2020-09-04 |website=www.cbsnews.com |language=en}}</ref> le Clutch . O ne a tlhomiwa go nna morulaganyi-mogolo wa ''Bitch'' ka ngwaga wa 2018 mme a nna mo maemong ao go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ngwaga wa 2021. <ref name=":2" /> Kgatiso ya bomasome aa ferabongwe le bobedi e ne e le kgatiso ya bofelo ya ''Bitch'' e a neng a e ntsha ka nako ya fa a ne a le mo tirong. Tlhaloso ya gagwe e umakilwe mo mekwalong ele mmalwa ka dikgang jaaka Toni Morrison, <ref name="marieclaire2019">{{Cite web |last=Drell |first=Cady |date=2019-08-06 |title=The Literary Community Reacts to Toni Morrison's Death |url=https://www.marieclaire.com/culture/a28622194/toni-morrison-death-writers-reactions/ |access-date=2020-01-29 |website=Marie Claire |language=en-US}}</ref> boswa jwa ga Kobe Bryant, <ref name="thehill2020">{{Cite web |last=Wise |first=Justin |date=2020-02-08 |title=Kobe Bryant's complicated legacy sparks tough conversations |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/media/481615-kobe-bryants-complicated-legacy-sparks-tough-conversations |access-date=2020-09-04 |website=TheHill |language=en}}</ref> le botsogo jwa bomme . <ref name=":0" /> <ref name="nowthis2016">{{Cite web |title=The Complicated Part of Kobe Bryant's History |url=https://nowthisnews.com/news/the-complicated-part-of-kobe-bryants-history |access-date=2020-01-29 |website=NowThis News |archive-date=2020-01-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200129005158/https://nowthisnews.com/news/the-complicated-part-of-kobe-bryants-history |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ke mokwadi yo o nang le seabe mo dibukeng tsa ''Burn It Down'' (2019) le Can we all be feminists''?'' '': New Writing From Brit Bennett, Nicole Dennis-Benn, 15 Others On Intersectionality, Identity, le ya Way Forward for Feminism (2018).'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Dancyger |first=Lilly |date=8 October 2019 |title=Burn It Down |url=https://www.npr.org/books/titles/773709596/burn-it-down-women-writing-about-anger |publisher=Basic Books |isbn=978-1-58005-893-3 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book |last=Eric-Udorie |first=June |date=2018-09-25 |title=Can We All Be Feminists?: New Writing from Brit Bennett, Nicole Dennis-Benn, and 15 Others on Intersectionality, Identity, and the Way Forward for Feminism |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Fl9KDwAAQBAJ&q=evette+dionne&pg=PT84 |publisher=Penguin |isbn=978-0-525-50435-1 |language=en}}</ref> Di-tweets tsa ga Dionne di nopotswe ke NBCNews.com . <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 August 2019 |title=A professor labeled Bret Stephens a 'bedbug.' Here's what the NYT columnist did next. |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/politics-news/professor-labeled-bret-stephens-bedbug-here-s-what-nyt-columnist-n1046736 |access-date=2020-09-04 |website=NBC News |language=en}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2021, Dionne o ne a thapiwa kwa Netflix go dira leananeo la go baakanya mekwalo le go laola setlhopha sa badiri sa letsholo le lešwa, Tudum. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Lee |first=Wendy |date=2022-05-24 |title=After layoffs at Netflix, questions mount over diversity efforts |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/business/story/2022-05-24/lat-et-ct-netflix-lay-offs-poc-diversity |access-date=2022-07-28 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref> Morago ga dikgwedi tse supa, ene le setlhopha sa gagwe ne ele bangwe ba batho ba le lekgolo le masome matlhano ba ba neng ba ntshiwa mo tirong. <ref name=":3" /> Dionne o gatisitse buka ya gagwe ya ntlha, ''Fat Girls Deserve Fairy Tales Too: Living Hopefully On the Other Side of Skinny'', in 2019 ko tlase ga Seal Press. Buka ya gagwe ya ntlha ya bogare, ''Lifting As We Climb: Black Women’s Battle for the Ballot Box'', e gatisitswe ke Viking Books mme ya gololwa ka kgwedi ya Moranang a tlola malatsi ale masome mabedi le bongwe, ka ngwaga wa 2020.<ref name=":1" /> Dionne o ne a tlhotlhelediwa go kwala buka ka ngwaga wa 2016 fa a lemoga fa bomme baba etelang mabitla a bomme ba batho basweu baba farologanyeng baba tlhophilweng jaaka Elizabeth Cady Stanton fa go ela ditlhopho tsa botautona.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Terrell |first=Kellee |date=2020-04-21 |title=Evette Dionne's New Book Explores the Little Known History of Black Suffragettes |url=https://www.shondaland.com/inspire/books/a32215394/evette-dionne-lifting-as-we-climb/ |access-date=2020-09-04 |website=Shondaland |language=en-US |archive-date=2020-09-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200917052925/https://www.shondaland.com/inspire/books/a32215394/evette-dionne-lifting-as-we-climb/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> O ne a batla go gatelela seabe sa bomme ba batho bantsho mo tshwanelong ya bone ya go tlhopha. Ene e kwaletswe batho ba mophato oo fa gare.. Buka e ne ya amogelesega sentle . Mo tshekatshekong ya lokwalo la ''School Library Journal'', Susan Catlett o ne ago bitsa "o tshwanetse go reka."<ref name="slj2020">{{Cite web |last=Evette |first=Dionne |title=Lifting as We Climb: Black Women's Battle for the Ballot Box |url=https://www.schoollibraryjournal.com/?reviewDetail=lifting-as-we-climb-black-womens-battle-for-the-ballot-box |access-date=2020-04-22 |website=School Library Journal}}</ref> ''Kirkus Reviews'' o ne a bitsa buka e "tsela ee tshelang ebile ele masisi jaaka lefatshe la United States le ipelela dikngwaga dile lekgolo bomme ba nale tshwanelo yago tlhopha."<ref>{{Cite book |title=LIFTING AS WE CLIMB {{!}} Kirkus Reviews |url=https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/evette-dionne/lifting-as-we-climb/ |language=en}}</ref> Buka yaga Dionne ya dikgakololo, ''Weightless: Making Space for My Resilient Body and Soul'' e golotswe ke Ecco Press ka kgwedi ya Sedimontlhole, ka ngwaga wa 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hartman |first=Elizabeth |title=U.S. Book Show 2022: PW Editors' Picks Panels |url=https://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/industry-news/bea/article/89323-u-s-book-show-2022-pw-editors-picks-panels.html |access-date=2022-07-28 |website=PublishersWeekly.com |language=en}}</ref> * ''Fat Girls Deserve Fairy Tales Too'' (2019, Seal Press;  ) * ''Lifting As We Climb'' (2020, Viking;  ) * 2020 – National Book Award for Young People's Literature, Longlist * 2021 – Orbis Pictus Award, Honor<ref>{{Cite web |title=Orbis Pictus Award (Nonfiction for Children) |url=https://ncte.org/awards/orbis-pictus-award-nonfiction-for-children/ |access-date=2021-01-25 |website=NCTE |language=en-US}}</ref> * 2021 – ALA, Coretta Scott King Book Award, Honor<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2021-01-25 |title=ALA announces 2021 Youth Media Awards |url=http://www.ala.org/news/press-releases/2021/01/ala-announces-2021-youth-media-awards |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2021-01-25 |website=ALA |language=en}}</ref> * 2021 – National Council for the Social Studies, Carter G. Woodson Book Award, Winner (Secondary Level)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Carter G. Woodson Award Winners 1974 to Present |url=https://aalbc.com/books/cgw-award-winning-books.php?year=2021 |access-date=2024-10-28 |website=AALBC.com, the African American Literature Book Club |language=en}}</ref> {{Reflist}} * [http://evettedionne.com/ Official website] e bolokilwe kgwedi ya ntlha e tlhola malatsi ale masome mabedi le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa kwa Wayback Machine [[Karolo:Articles with hCards]] brd3s9mezqbwi25nrxxz2t0uazfo0mb 0 15057 55331 55208 2026-09-23T02:31:39Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55331 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Byllye Yvonne Avery''' (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Phalane e le masome a mabedi, ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le {{Infobox scientist|name=Byllye Avery|image_size=150px|birth_date={{birth date and age|1937|10|20}}|birth_place=[[Waynesville, Georgia]], U.S.|education=[[University of Florida]]<br />[[Talladega College]]|known_for=National Black Women's Health Project}} masome a mararo le bosupa ) ke molweladitshwanelo wa tlhokomelo ya botsogo wa Amerika. Motshegetsi wa tshiamiso ya tsalo, Avery o dirile go tlhama ditirelo tsa tlhokomelo ya botsogo le thuto e e amang boitekanelo jwa tlhaloganyo le jwa mmele jwa basadi ba bantsho . <ref name="Oxford">{{Cite web |last=Price |first=Kimala |title=Avery, Byllye |url=http://www.oxfordaasc.com/article/opr/t0001/e1263 |access-date=February 18, 2017 |website=Oxford African American Studies Center |publisher=Oxford}}</ref> O itsege thata jaaka mothei wa [[:en:National_Black_Women's_Health_Project|National Black Women's Health Project]] e e leng mokgatlho wa ntlha wa bosechaba go dira tiro e e kgethegileng mo mererong ya boitekanelo jwa tsalo ya basadi ba Bantsho. Ka ntlha ya tiro ya gagwe le NBWHP, o amogetse tshono ya thuto ya [[:en:MacArthur_Foundation|MacArthur Foundation]] ya go Tsenya Seabe mo Loagong le Tlotla ya Gustav O. Lienhard ya go Tsweletsa Pele Tlhokomelo ya botsogo go tswa kwa sekolong sa [[:en:Institute_of_Medicine|Institute of Medicine]] sa [[:en:National_Academy_of_Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]] gareng ga ditlotla tse dingwe . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Byllye Y. Avery |url=http://www.blackwomenshealth.org/staff-and-board-members/board-member/byllye-nbsp-y.-nbsp-avery-nbsp/_back_Staff.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220626180907/https://blackwomenshealth.org/staff-and-board-members/board-member/byllye-nbsp-y.-nbsp-avery-nbsp/_back_Staff.html |archive-date=June 26, 2022 |access-date=May 7, 2020 |website=Black Women's Health Imperative |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Lelapa le thuto == Avery o tsholetswe kwa [[Waynesville]] kwa [[Georgia]] mme a golela mo polaseng kwa [[DeLand]] kwa [[Florida]] . Ke morwadia L. Alyce M. Ingram, yo e leng morutabana. <ref name="Oxford" /> Mmaagwe o alogile kwa sekolong sa [[:en:Bethune–Cookman_University|Bethune-Cookman College]]. Rraagwe, e bong Quitman Reddick, o ne a na le lebenkele lo lefelong leo. O ne a bolawa fa Avery a le dingwaga di le lesome le bone. Avery e ne e le ene yo motona mo baneng ba le bararo, mme o ne a rwala maikarabelo a mantsi go tloga fela fa a sa ntse a le monnye. Avery o tsene kwa sekolong sa Talladega College mme a bona dithuto tsa gagwe ya BA mo [[thutong ya tlhaloganyo]] ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le borobabongwe. <ref name="Oxford" /> O kopane le monna wa gagwe, Wesley Avery, fa a ne a le kwa sekolong sa [[:en:Talladega_College|Talladega College]] mme ba tsena mo nyalong ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro. <ref name="Oxford" /> Byllye le Wesley Avery ba ne ba na le bana ba babedi Wesley le Sonia ba tshotswe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bongwe (1961)le ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le borataro ( 1966), ba farologane ka dingwaga di le tlhano. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Byllye Avery |url=https://wams.nyhistory.org/life-story/byllye-avery/ |access-date=2026-05-29 |website=Women & the American Story |language=en}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bosupa (1967), Avery o ne a amogela thuso ya go dira dithutego tsa Masters mo thutong e e kgethegileng kwa [[Sekolong se setona sa Florida]], kwa [[Gainesville]] . Fa a sena go bona dithuto tsa M.Ed. ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le borobabongwe (1969) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Byllye Avery - MacArthur Foundation |url=https://www.macfound.org/fellows/357/ |access-date=February 16, 2019 |website=www.macfound.org}}</ref> o ne a nna morutabana wa thuto e e kgethegileng. Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa (1970)dikgwedi di le mmalwa fela morago ga go simolola tiro ya gagwe e ntšha, monna wa gagwe o ne a tlhaselwa ke bolwetse jwa pelo jo bo neng bo bolaya. O ne a na le dingwaga di le masome a mararo le boraro fela mme go ne ga lemogiwa morago ga loso lwa gagwe gore o ne a na le kgatelelo e e kwa godimo thata ya madi. Ka nako eo le ene o ne a itsholofetse ngwana wa bone wa boraro. Loso lwa monna wa gagwe le thusitse go tlhotlheletsa maitlamo a ga Avery a go tokafatsa tlhokomelo ya botsogo le thuto ya boitekanelo mo sechabeng sa batho Bantsho. <ref name="Nebbe">{{Cite web |last=Nebbe |first=Charity |title=Byllye Avery: Advocate for African-American Women's Health |url=https://www.iowapublicradio.org/post/byllye-avery-advocate-african-american-womens-health |access-date=February 16, 2019 |website=www.iowapublicradio.org |language=en |archive-date=February 17, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190217030322/https://www.iowapublicradio.org/post/byllye-avery-advocate-african-american-womens-health |url-status=dead }}</ref> Avery o ne a kopana le mosadi wa gagwe e bong Ngina Lythcott ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe (1989), mme bobedi jwa bone ba ne ba nyalana ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano (2005). Lythcott ke ngaka ya boitekanelo jwa sechaba ebile ke molweladitshwanelo. == Bolweladitshwanelo == Mo tshimologong ya ngwaga dingwaga tsa bo sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa (1970) Avery o ne a simolola go tsaya karolo mo ditlhopheng tse di neng di rotloetsa batho gore ba nne le kitso le mo ditirelong tsa go romela batho go senya mpa ka fa molaong. Go tsibogela go tlhoka phitlhelelo ya go senya mpa le matlhoki a mangwe a botsogo jwa bomme mo basadi ba Bantsho ba ba amogelang lotseno lo lo kwa tlase ba neng ba lebane le tsone mo tikologong ya gaabo, Avery le badirekaene e bong Joan Edelson, Judy Levy, le Margaret Parrish ba ne ba bula mokgatho kana lekalana la Boitekanelo jwa Basadi o bidiwang Women's Health Centre Gainesville (GWHC) ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bone (1974). <ref name="Nebbe" /> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Price |first=Kimala |title=Byllye Avery |url=http://www.oxfordaasc.com/article/opr/t0001/e1263 |access-date=March 8, 2018 |website=Oxford African American Studies Center |publisher=Oxford}}</ref> E ne e le kokelwana ya ntlha ya go senya mpa le go tlhokomela basadi mo toropong. <ref name="Oxford" /> Ba ne ba bula dikago tseno morago ga gore boikuelo jwa go bula kokelwana ya Botsadi jo bo Rulagantsweng kwa Gainesville bo ganwe. <ref name="Oxford" /> Polelo ya thomo ya GWHC e ne e le go "thusa basadi go rarabolola seemo se se tlhagisang mathata sa boimana jo bo sa rulaganngwang, jo bo sa batlegeng", ka ditshenyegelo tse di kwa tlase. Kokelwana e ne e tlamela ka ditirelo tsa go senya mpa le tsa thibelopelegi, e tlhofofatsa dithuto tsa thobalano, le go tlamela ka katiso e nngwe ya basadi e e amanang le boitekanelo le ditirelo tse di diretsweng basadi ba batho Bantsho, jaaka go dira ditlhatlhobo tsa sickle cell anemia. Go thusa go ruta basadi ka ditirelo tse di gaisang tsa botsogo, badiri ba ne ba tlhama bukana ya kgwedi le kgwedi e e bidiwang ''Sage-Femme'' . Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le borobabobedi (1978), Avery o ne a thusa go tlhoma lefelo la pelegi le e neng e le lefelo le lengwe la go belegela bana kwa Gainesville. Baoki-ba ba belegisang kgotsa babelegisi ba ba nang le setlankana ba ne ba thusa basadi ka pelegi mme Avery ka sebele o ne a thusa ka pelegi ya balwetse ba le lekgolo pele a tsamaya. 1] Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bongwe (1981), fa a ne a direla mo lekgotleng la botsamaise la [[:en:National_Women's_Health_Network|National Women's Health Network,]] Avery o ne a simolola tiro e e neng ya tsaya dingwaga di le pedi e e bidiwang Tiro ya Botsogo jwa Basadi ba batho Bantsho. Jaaka karolo ya tiro eno, Avery o ne a rulaganya bokopano jwa Dikgang tsa botsogo jwa Basadi ba batho Bantsho jo bo neng bo tshwarelwa kwa sekolong sa [[:en:Spelman_College|Spelman College]] ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo, ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le boraro (1983). <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Our Story |url=http://www.blackwomenshealth.org/about-us/our-story.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170326135958/http://www.blackwomenshealth.org/about-us/our-story.html |archive-date=March 26, 2017 |access-date=May 7, 2020 |website=}}</ref> Basadi ba le dikete di le pedi ba ne ba nna teng kwa tiragalong eno ya malatsi a le mararo. Ditlhogo di ne di akaretsa kgokgontsho ya mo lwapeng, bolwetse jwa sukiri, tirisobotlhaswa ya thobalano, mmele o motona , thobalano, pelegi, botsogo jwa tlhaloganyo mmogo le botsogo jo bo faphegileng. Bokopano jo bo ne bo rotloetsa ba ba neng ba le teng go tlhokomela botsogo jwa bone ka go tsibosa batho, go rulaganya sechaba ka ga mathata a botsogo le go itlhatlhoba. <ref name="Oxford" /> Morago ga bokopano jo, Avery o ne a tlhoma kgotsa a simolodisa tiro ya Bosechaba ya Boitekanelo jwa Basadi ba batho Bantsho, e jaanong e bidiwang [[:en:Black_Women's_Health_Imperative|Black Women's Health Imperative,]] semmuso ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bone ( 1984) kwa Atlanta, Georgia. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Sillman |first=Jael |date=2004 |title=Undivided Rights: Women of Color Organize for Reproductive Justice |url=https://archive.org/details/undividedrightsw00jael |last2=Fried |first2=Marlene, Gerber |last3=Ross |first3=Loretta |last4=Gutierrez |first4=Elena R. |publisher=South End Press |isbn=978-0-89608-729-3 |url-access=registration}}</ref> Ke one fela mokgatlho wa bosechaba o o ineetseng fela go tokafatsa botsogo le magareng ga basading ba batho Bantsho. NBWHP e ne ya bula ofisi ya bobueledi le ya melawana kwa Washington, DC, ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bongwe (1991). Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bongwe (1991), NBWHP e ne e na le dikgaolo mo mafatsheng a le masome a mabedi le botlhano mme e ne e atolotse phitlhelelo ya yone go dira le basadi kwa Belize, Jamaica, Aforika Borwa, Nigeria, le Brazil. <ref name="Oxford" /> Fa Avery a gakologelwa maikutlo a a sa siamang a a neng a a rutiwa ka tlhakanelodikobo fa a sa ntse a le ngwana, o ne a ruta bomorwadie go keteka mebele ya bone le go bona setswalo. Fa morwadie wa ntlha a nna le dingwaga di le lesome le bongwe, Avery o ne a mo naya kuku e e neng e balega jaana "Letsatsi le le itumedisang la matsalo le setswalo!" <ref>{{Cite book |last=Love |first=Barbara J. |date=September 22, 2006 |title=Feminists Who Changed America, 1963-1975 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HRouCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA23 |publisher=University of Illinois Press |isbn=978-0-252-09747-8 |language=en}}</ref> Ka bonako morago ga moo, o ne a ruta ka go bona setswalo le go tshola bana kwa sekolong se sebotlana se morwadie a neng a se tlhabolola go nna motshameko o o bidiwang ''go nna Mosadi: Dipusano tsa Bomme le Basetsana'' Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bosupa(1987), motshameko wa nltha o o gatisitsweng o o neng o dirilweng ke basadi ba Maaforika kwa Amerika ba ba abelana dipono tsa bone ka ga go [[Setswalo|bona Setswalo,]] tlhakanelodikobo le lorato <ref>{{Cite book |title=On becoming a woman: mothers & daughters talking together |oclc=30694664}}</ref> <ref name="Oxford" /> Mmogo le baeteledipele ba ba tlhageletseng ba Maaforika kwa Amerika jaaka [[Shirley Chisholm]], [[Maxine Waters]], [[Dorothy Height]], le [[Faye Wattleton]], ba ne ba ntsha le go baa monwana polelo ya phatlalatsa, " Re Gakologelwa: Basadi ba Maaforika kwa Amerika ba Kgololesego ya Tsalo ", ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe <ref>{{Cite web |title=We Remember: African American Women for Reproductive Freedom |url=https://100years.plannedparenthood.org/content/images/era-4/WeRememberBrocure.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190326053938/https://100years.plannedparenthood.org/content/images/era-4/WeRememberBrocure.pdf |archive-date=March 26, 2019}}</ref> Polelo eno e tshegetsa kgololesego ya go tshola bana (go akaretsa le tshwanelo ya go nna le bana, tshwanelo ya go bona ditirelo tsa thibelo- pelegi le tshedimosetso ya botsogo jwa tsalo, le tshwanelo ya tlhokomelo ya botsogo mmogo le go senya mpa ka tsela e e babalesegileng le e e kafa molaong). Polelo eno e ne ya amanya tlhaolele, lehuma le dikubetsano le mathata a botsogo jwa tsalo mo basading ba Baafrika ba kwa Amerika. Polelo eno e ne ya gatisiwa gape gangwe le gape mme kgabagare ya anamisiwa mo meriting ya dipampiri e le 250 000. Polelo e santse e ka fitlhelwa mo dibukeng tse dintsi tse di buang ka ditshwanelo tsa basadi le go nna balweladitshwanelo. <ref name="Oxford" /> Avery o ne a newa thuso ya Fellowship ya MacArthur mo go one ngwaga ono mo lephateng la melawana ya botsogo. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe (1990) Avery, mmogo le basadi le banna ba bangwe ba le lesome le botlhano ba Maaforika kwa Amerika, ba ne ba tlhama mokgatlho o bidiwang [[:en:African-American_Women_for_Reproductive_Freedom|African-American Women for Reproductive Freedom]] . Mokgatlho o tlhamilwe go fedisa kgobo kgatlhanong le go senya mpa mo setšhabeng sa batho Bantsho le go dira gore go senya mpa go fitlhelesege thata mo basading ba batho Bantsho. <ref name="Cullen-DuPont2000">{{Cite book |last=Kathryn Cullen-DuPont |date=March 2018 |title=Encyclopedia of women's history in America |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oIro7MtiFuYC |publisher=Infobase Publishing |isbn=978-0-8160-4100-8 |page=6 |access-date=March 2, 2018}}</ref> Avery o kwadile le go ruta thata ka tsela e lotso, maemo le bong di amang tlhokomelo ya botsogo jwa basadi ka teng. O ne a bitsa dipharologano tsa boitekanelo magareng ga basadi ba Afrika kwa Amerika le basweu a re ke "phitlhelelo ya tidimalo". <ref>{{Cite book |last=While |first=Evelyn C. |year=1994 |title=The Black women's health book: speaking for ourselves |url=https://archive.org/details/blackwomenshealt0000unse_s7o0 |publisher=Seal |isbn=1878067400 |location=Seattle, WA |pages=[https://archive.org/details/blackwomenshealt0000unse_s7o0/page/6 6]}}</ref> O ntse a le moithuti yo o etelang kwa Harvard University School of Public Health; o ne a direla mo Charter Advisory Committee for the Office of Research on Women's Health of the [[:en:National_Institutes_of_Health|National Institutes of Health;]] o ntse a le mogakolodi wa dikgang tsa botsogo wa Kellogg Foundation's International Leadership Program; mme o ne a direla jaaka mogakolodi wa tlhokomelo ya botsogo jwa basadi kwa Latin America, Caribbean le Afrika. 1]. == Dietsele le Dikakgolo == * 1989: [[:en:MacArthur_Foundation|MacArthur Foundation's]] Fellowship for Social Contribution * 1989: Essence Award for Community Service <ref name=":1" /> * 1994: Academy of Science Institute of Medicine's Gustav O. Lienhard Award for the Advancement of Health Care <ref>{{Cite web |title=Collection: Byllye Avery papers {{!}} Smith College Finding Aids |url=https://findingaids.smith.edu/repositories/2/resources/984 |access-date=May 7, 2020 |website=findingaids.smith.edu}}</ref> * 1994: Grassroots Realist Award by the Georgia Legislative Black Caucus<ref name=":1" /> * 1995: Dorothy I. Height Lifetime Achievement Award <ref>{{Cite web |title=Billye Avery, the first person, after Dr. Height, to receive the Dorothy I. Height Lifetime Achievement Award featured on PBS Special |url=http://stylemagazine.com/news/2013/feb/21/billye-avery-first-person-after-dr-height-receive-/ |access-date=May 7, 2020 |website=stylemagazine.com |archive-date=July 3, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703090802/http://stylemagazine.com/news/2013/feb/21/billye-avery-first-person-after-dr-height-receive-/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> * 1995: President's Citation of the [[:en:American_Public_Health_Association|American Public Health Association]] <ref>{{Cite web |title=APHA Presidential Citation |url=https://www.apha.org/about-apha/apha-awards/presidential-citation/apha-presidential-citation |access-date=May 7, 2020 |website=www.apha.org |archive-date=October 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030041705/https://www.apha.org/about-apha/apha-awards/presidential-citation/apha-presidential-citation |url-status=dead}}</ref> * 1998: : Business and Professional Women's New Horizons Award <ref name=":1" /> * 2008: Ruth Bader Ginsburg Impact Award from the Chicago Foundation for Women <ref name=":1" /> * 2010: [[:en:Audre_Lorde|Audre Lorde]] Spirit of Fire Award from the Fenway Health Center <ref name=":1" /> == Dibuka tse di tlhophilweng == * * Avery, Byllye Y. "Breathing life into ourselves." ''Feminism and Community'' (1995): 147. * Avery, B. (1999). ''[[iarchive:altarofwordswisd00aver|An Altar of Words: Wisdom, Comfort and Inspiration]]''. New York: Broadway. ISBN * Avery, Byllye. "Who does the work of public health?." ''American journal of public health'' 92.4 (2002): 570–575. * "Byllye Avery." ''The New York Historical'', 2026. == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Articles with hCards]] r2upxal38o7yok1tnplgeblot9kfn8y 0 15072 55367 54936 2026-09-23T07:37:30Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55367 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Johanna Makgalemele'''<ref>Makgalemele, Johanna (July 30, 2021). "[https://www.lionessesofafrica.com/blog/2021/7/30/johanna-makgalemele-a-powerhouse-leader-in-global-executive-travel Johanna Makgalemele: A Powerhouse Leader in Global Executive Travel"]. Lionesses of Africa.</ref> (yo pele a neng a itsiwe jaaka '''Johanna Mukoki''') ke rakgwebo wa mo [[Afrika Borwa]], sebui sa thotloetso, le motlhotlhomisi. Ke mothei-mmogo wa Travel with Flair,<ref>[https://travelwithflair.co.za/about-us "About Us"]. Travel with Flair. Retrieved October 30, 2023.</ref>e leng khamphane ya Aforika Borwa ya tsamaiso ya maeto. == Botshelo le thuto == Johanna Makgalemele o tsholetswe kwa [[Soweto]], mo [[Afrika Borwa]], ka nako ya tlhaolele. Ke kgaitsadie [[Basetsana Kumalo]], yo o itsegeng thata mo metsweding ya dikgang ya Aforika Borwa e bile e ne e le Mmabontle wa Aforika Borwa.<ref>[https://briefly.co.za/ "Johanna Mukoki's biography: All we know about Basetsana Kumalo's older sister"]. Briefly.co.za. 15 January 2025. Retrieved 24 April 2025</ref> Makgalemele o tsene mo [[University of Rhodes|Yunibesithing ya Rhodes]]<ref>[["Rhodes University Academic Calendar 2025"]] (PDF). Rhodes University. Retrieved October 30, 2023</ref>, koo a boneng dikirii ya [[BCOM]], a ithutetse Accounting le Economics. == Dietsele== Ka ngwaga wa 2008, Makgalemele o ne a bidiwa Mosadi yo o nang le Tlhotlheletso e Kgolo mo Aforika Borwa mo Kgwebong le Puso mo Lefapheng la Bojanala ke CEO Magazine.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20251222230814/https://brandsouthafrica.com/34223/people/johanna-mukoki-i-am-an-entrepreneur-2/ "Johanna Mukoki: 'I am an entrepreneur' - Brand South Africa"]. 2014-08-27. Retrieved 2025-11-26</ref> Ka 2012, o ne a bidiwa Emerging South African Entrepreneur of the Year kwa Ernst & Young World Entrepreneur Awards.<ref>[https://www.ey.com/en_za/world-entrepreneur-award--southern-africa "EY_Africa"]. www.ey.com. Retrieved 2025-11-26.</ref> Ka 2017, o ne a amogela sekgele sa Exceptional Commitment Award go tswa go ASATA Diners Club Awards. <ref>[https://www.travelnews.co.za/article/the-best-of-the-best-0 "The best of the best | Travelnews"]. www.travelnews.co.za. 2017-11-29. Retrieved 2025-11-26.</ref> Makgalemele gape e ne e le mofenyi wa 2017 BWASA Businesswoman of the Year ka fa tlase ga setlhopha sa bagwebi.<ref>Publicnow (2017-09-11). [https://www.marketscreener.com/quote/stock/SASOL-LIMITED-1413409/news/Sasol-WINNERS-OF-2017-BWASA-BUSINESSWOMAN-OF-THE-YEAR-AWARDS-ANNOUNCED-25096158/ "Sasol : WINNERS OF 2017 BWASA BUSINESSWOMAN OF THE YEAR AWARDS ANNOUNCED | MarketScreener"]. www.marketscreener.com. Retrieved 2025-11-26</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Makgalemele o nyetse rakgwebo wa Afrika Borwa Alan Mukoki ka 2011.<ref>[https://www.news24.com/citypress/news/sabc-board-rocked-by-resignation-20171116 "SABC board rocked by resignation"]. News24. November 16, 2017. Retrieved October 30, 2023</ref> Ba ne ba tlhalana ka 2020. [[Category:Batho ba ba tshelang]] == Metswedi == niaz20wu01j3fg15rfm15666n6r8nmb 0 15080 55275 55177 2026-09-22T14:30:59Z JudithShe 9421 Ke okeditse thanolo ya tsebe ya ga Kwame Nkrumah #BLT2026 55275 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kwame Nkrumah''' (o o tshotsweng ka leina la '''Francis Nwia Kofi Ngonloma'''; ka Lwetse a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le borobabongwe a tlhokafala ka Moranang a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le bobedi) e ne e le mopolotiki wa kwa [[Ghana]]. O berekile e le tonakgolo wa [[Gold Coast]] go tswa ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a matlhano le bobedi go tsena ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a matlhano le bosupa, fa lefatshe leo le tsaya boipuso go tswa mo go la [[United Kingdom]].<ref>o'Hara, Glen (11 April 2012), "President Kennedy, Prime Minister Macmillan and the Gold Market, 1960–63", ''Governing Post-War Britain'', Palgrave Macmillan, pp.&nbsp;53–72, [[:en:Digital_object_identifier|doi:]][https://idp.springer.com/authorize?response_type=cookie&client_id=springerlink&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2Fchapter%2F10.1057%2F9780230361270_4 10.1057/9780230361270_4], [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]][[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-230-36127-0|&nbsp;<bdi>978-0-230-36127-0</bdi>]]</ref> E ne e le tonakgolo wa ntlha wa nako eo, le tautona wa lefatshe la Ghana go tswa ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a matlhano le bosupa go tsena ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le borataro. E ne e le mmueledi wa [[Aferika|Aforika]] o o kopaneng, Nkrumah e ne e le leloko le le tlhamileng lekgotla la Organisation of African Unity (OAU) le mofenyi wa seetsele sa Lenin Peace go tswa kwa [[Soviet Union]] ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabaongwe masome a marataro le bobedi.<ref>Rathbone, Richard (23 September 2004). "Nkrumah, Kwame (1909?–1972), president of Ghana". ''[[:en:Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography|Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]]''. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online&nbsp;ed.). Oxford University Press [[:en:Digital_object_identifier|doi]]:[https://www.oxforddnb.com/display/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-31504 10.1093/ref:odnb/31504.]</ref> Morago ga dingwaga di le lesome le bobedi a le kwa mafatsheng a sele a dira dithuto tse dikgolwane, a tlhabolola kitso ya gagwe ya sepolotiki, gape a rulaganya le ba bangwe ba ba eletsang Aforika o o kopaneng, Nkrumah o ne a boela kwa Gold Coast go simolola tiro ya gagwe ya sepolotiki e le mmueledi wa boipuso jwa lefatshe leo.<ref>Hsü, Leonard Shihlien (5 November 2013), "[https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/mono/10.4324/9781315018775-12/political-progress-leonard-shihlien-hs%C3%BC Political Progress]", ''The Political Philosophy of Confucianism'', Routledge, pp.&nbsp;258–273, [[:en:Digital_object_identifier|doi:]][https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.4324/9781315018775/political-philosophy-confucianism-leonard-shihlien-hs%C3%BC 10.4324/9781315018775], [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]][[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-315-01877-5|&nbsp;<bdi>978-1-315-01877-5</bdi>]]</ref> O ne a tlhama phathi ya Convention People's Party, e e neng ya atlega ka lobelo lo lo kwa godimo ka e ne e kgatlhisa leitlho la motlhophi.<ref>''Proceedings of the convention at which the American federation of arts was formed''. B. S. Adams. 1909. [[:en:Digital_object_identifier|doi]]:[https://library.si.edu/digital-library/book/proceedingso00amer 10.5479/sil.380651.39088006011662.]</ref> O ne a nna tonakgolo ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a matlhano le bobedi, a tswelela ka go nna mo maemong ao fa a etelela Ghana pele go bona boipuso go tswa mo United Kingdom ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a matlhano le bosupa, e le lone lantlha mo Aforika o o mo borwa jwa sekaka sa Sahara ka nako eo. Ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro, batho ba Ghana ba ne ba amogela ba bo ba tlhomamisa molaomotheo o moha ba tlhopha Nkruma e le tautona wa bone.<ref>"Prime Minister 1957–60", ''Kwame Nkrumah. Vision and Tragedy'', Sub-Saharan Publishers, 15 November 2007, pp.&nbsp;192–214, [[:en:Digital_object_identifier|doi:]][https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/j.ctvk3gm60.17 10.2307/j.ctvk3gm60.17], [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]]&nbsp;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-9988-647-81-0|978-9988-647-81-0]]</bdi></ref> Puso ya gagwe e ne e le ya ngwao mme gape e le ya go baya Aforika kwa pele. E ne ya ntshetsa diporojeke tsa lefatshe tsa madirelo le kgothetso madi, ya tlhabolola tsamaiso e e itshetletseng ya thuto le go rotloetsa gwao ya Aforika o mongwe fela.<ref>Stanek, Łukasz (2020). ''Architecture in global socialism: Eastern Europe, West Africa, and the Middle East in the Cold War''. Princeton: Princeton University Press. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]]&nbsp;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-691-19455-4|978-0-691-19455-4]]</bdi>. [[:en:OCLC#Identifiers_and_linked_data|OCLC]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/title/1134854794 1134854794.]</ref> Nkrumah o ne a na le ponelopele ya go kopanya mafatshe a Aforika go etelelwa pele ke moeteledipele a le mongwe, e le ene tautona wa bokopano jo.<ref>Serra, Gerardo; Gerits, Frank (November 2019). [https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-african-history/article/politics-of-socialist-education-in-ghana-the-kwame-nkrumah-ideological-institute-19616/230E45D1AD95696ABB0094FEDA158730 "THE POLITICS OF SOCIALIST EDUCATION IN GHANA: THE KWAME NKRUMAH IDEOLOGICAL INSTITUTE, 1961–6"]. ''The Journal of African History''. '''60''' (3): 407–428. doi:[https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-african-history/article/politics-of-socialist-education-in-ghana-the-kwame-nkrumah-ideological-institute-19616/230E45D1AD95696ABB0094FEDA158730 10.1017/S002185371900032X]. ISSN[https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:0021-8537 &nbsp;0021-8537.]</ref> Ka fa tlase ga ga Nkrumah, lefatshe la Ghana le ne la etelela pele botsalano jwa mafatshe a Aforika le maaftshe ka bophara le letsholo la Aforika a le mongwe ka nako ya go tswa mo bokoloeng ga Aforika, a eme nokeng kgololesego ya mafatshe ka bontsi.<ref>Nkrumah, Kwame (1953). ''[https://collections.library.yale.edu/ &#x5B;Letter: Kwamé Nkrumah to Richard Wrig]ht&#x5D;''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200803062728/https://brbl-dl.library.yale.edu/vufind/Author?author=Nkrumah,+Kwame,+1909-1972 Archived] from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 21 September 2026</ref> Mafatshe a a neng a le kgatlhanong le bokopano jo a kwa bophirima a ne a bona Nkrumah Ideological Institute (KNII) e le lefelo la boutlwelobotlhoko la kemo nokeng ya sesole mo mafatsheng a Aforika ka jalo a bona e le matshosetsi mo go bone.<ref>Serra, Gerardo; Gerits, Frank (November 2019). "[https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-african-history/article/politics-of-socialist-education-in-ghana-the-kwame-nkrumah-ideological-institute-19616/230E45D1AD95696ABB0094FEDA158730 THE POLITICS OF SOCIALIST EDUCATION IN GHANA: THE KWAME NKRUMAH IDEOLOGICAL INSTITUTE, 1961–6]". ''The Journal of African History''. '''60''' (3): 407–428. doi:[https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-african-history/article/politics-of-socialist-education-in-ghana-the-kwame-nkrumah-ideological-institute-19616/230E45D1AD95696ABB0094FEDA158730 10.1017/S002185371900032X]. ISSN&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:0021-8537 0021-8537.]</ref> Morago ga dikgang tsa go loga maano a go mmolaya,<ref>Ninsin, Kwame A. (4 February 2016), "The Nkrumah Government and Its Opposition", ''The Ghana Reader'', Duke University Press, pp.&nbsp;303–306, doi:[https://chooser.crossref.org/?doi=10.1215%2F9780822374961-062 10.2307/j.ctv125jqp2.66], [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]]&nbsp;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-8223-7496-1|978-0-8223-7496-1]]</bdi></ref> go kopana le go thatafalela pele ga maemo a itsholelo, puso ya ga Nkrumah e ne ya simolola go gatelela ka dingwaga tsa sekete makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro, ka a ne a le kgatlhanong le diphathi tsa kganetso a tshwara ditlhopho tse di sa gololesegang ebile di gatelela.<ref>Mazrui, Ali (1966). "Nkrumah: The Leninist Czar". ''Transition'' (26): 9–17. [[:en:Digital_object_identifier|doi]]:[https://www.jstor.org/stable/2934320?origin=crossref 10.2307/2934320.] ISSN&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:0041-1191 0041-1191]. [[:en:JSTOR#Content|JSTOR]]&nbsp;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/2934320 2934320]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le bone, phetolo ya molaomotheo e ne ya dira gore lefatshe la Ghana e nne lefatshe la phathi e le nngwefela, Nkrumah e le tautona wa botshelo jotlhe wa lefatshe leo le phathi e e busang.<ref>Zolberg, Aristide R. (31 December 1964). "VII. The Reluctant Nation". ''One-Party Government in the Ivory Coast''. Princeton: [[:en:Princeton_University_Press|Princeton University Press]]. pp.&nbsp;219–249. doi:[https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/9781400876563-012/html 10.1515/9781400876563-012.] ISBN[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4008-7656-3|&nbsp;<bdi>978-1-4008-7656-3</bdi>.]]</ref> O ne a dira gore batho ba mo obamele, a dirametheo ya dikgopolo, a bo a dirisa maemo a "Osagyefo."<ref>Yergin, Daniel; Stanislaw, Joseph (15 June 2002). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=uNYzPUhXhJYC&redir_esc=y The Commanding Heights: The Battle for the World Economy]''. Simon and Schuster. ISBN&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7432-2963-0|<bdi>978-0-7432-2963-0</bdi>.]]</ref> KNII e ne e phatlhalatsa dikgang tse senang boammaruri le puso ya ga Nkrumah e e neng e bidiwa Nkrumaism.<ref>Serra, Gerardo; Gerits, Frank (November 2019). [https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-african-history/article/politics-of-socialist-education-in-ghana-the-kwame-nkrumah-ideological-institute-19616/230E45D1AD95696ABB0094FEDA158730 "THE POLITICS OF SOCIALIST EDUCATION IN GHANA: THE KWAME NKRUMAH IDEOLOGICAL INSTITUTE, 1961–6".] ''The Journal of African History''. '''60''' (3): 407–428. doi:[https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-african-history/article/politics-of-socialist-education-in-ghana-the-kwame-nkrumah-ideological-institute-19616/230E45D1AD95696ABB0094FEDA158730 10.1017/S002185371900032X]. ISSN[https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:0021-8537 &nbsp;0021-8537.]</ref> Nkrumah o ne a thankgolwa ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le borataro mo thankgolong puso ke khansele ya kgololesego. Lekgotla la Central Intelligence Agency la United States go bolelwa le ne la raraanya kgang e, le ntswa se se sa tlhomamisiwa.<ref>Dutfield, Graham (27 November 2017), "If we have never been modern, they have never been traditional", ''Routledge Handbook of Biodiversity and the Law'', Routledge, pp.&nbsp;276–290, doi:[https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781315530840/chapters/10.4324/9781315530857-18 10.4324/9781315530857-18], [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]]&nbsp;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-315-53085-7|978-1-315-53085-7]]</bdi></ref><ref>John Prados, ''Safe For Democracy: The Secret Wars of the CIA'' (Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 2006), p. 329.</ref> Nkrumah o ne a ya go tshelela botshelo jwa gagwe botlhe kwa [[Guinea]], kwa a neng a fiwa tlotla ya tautona o mongwe. Ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabonwge masome a robabongwe le borobabonwge, o ne a tlhophiwa mo Aforika wa sekete sa dingwaga ke BBC.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/people/highlights/000914_nkrumah.shtml "Kwame Nkrumah's Vision of Africa"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130725113031/http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/people/highlights/000914_nkrumah.shtml|date=25 July 2013}}, [[:en:BBC_World_Service|BBC World Service]], 14 September 2000.</ref> == Botshelo jwa a le mmotlana le thuto == === Gold Coast === Kwame Nkrumah o tshotswe ka Lwetse a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le borobabongwe go le Labobedi<ref>[https://www.mkgandhi.org/articles/nonviolence-of-Mahatma-Gandhi-in-Ghana.html "Kwame Nkrumah: Non-Violence of Mahatma Gandhi in Ghana".] ''www.mkgandhi.org''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200803020635/https://www.mkgandhi.org/articles/nonviolence-of-Mahatma-Gandhi-in-Ghana.html Archived] from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 22 September 2026</ref><ref>[https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/lsehistory/2018/10/10/kwame-nkrumah-lse/ "Dr Kwame Nkrumah's History & LSE Application Form"]. [[:en:London_School_of_Economics|London School of Economics]]. 10 October 2018. [https://web.archive.org/web/20191122230822/https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/lsehistory/2018/10/10/kwame-nkrumah-lse/ Archived] from the original on 22 November 2019. Retrieved 22 September 2026</ref> kwa Nkroful, botlhaba jwa Nzema (kwa e leng Ellembele gompieno), kwa Gold Coast (Ghana wa gompieno). Nkroful e ne e le motsana o mmotlana kwa kgaolong ya Nzema, kwa borwa-bophirima jwa Gold Coast, gaufi le molelwane le kolone ya France ya Ivory Coast. Kwame o ne a tshotswe a le esi. Rraagwe o ne a sa nne le lolwapa loo, mme o ne a berekela kwa Half Assini kwa a neng a dira kgwebo ya gagwe ya go thula gouta go fitlhelela a tlhokafala. Fa le dingwaga di le tharo, Nkrumah le mmaagwe ba ne ba fudugela kwa Half Assini kwa go rraagwe. Ba ne ba mo tsenya sekolo se sepotlana sa borongwa jwa kereke ya katoliki kwa Half Assini, kwa a neng a itshupa e le moithuti wa tlhwatlhwa. Mo dingwageng tsa fa a le moithuti kwa United States, o ne a itsege ka leina la Francis Nwia Kofi Nkrumah, Kofi e le leina la puo ya Akan le le neng le neelwa bana ba basimane ba ba tshotsweng go le Labotlhano. Morago o ne a fetola leina la gagwe go nna Kwame Nkrumah ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a mane le botlhano kwa UK, a supa fa a rata leina la Kwame. Go ya ka Ebenezer Obiri Addo fa a ithuta ka tautona wa mo isagong, leina "Nkrumah", e le leina le le fiwang ngwana wa borobabongwe, le supa gore Kwame o ka tswa a ne a le mo maemong ao kwa ntlong ya ga rraagwe, o a neng a na le basadi ba le bantsi. Rraagwe, ebong Opanyin Kofi Nwiana Ngolomah, o ne a tswa kwa Nkroful e le wa morafe wa Asona wa batho ba Akan. Metswedi e supa fa Ngoloman a nnile kwa Tarkwa-Nsuaem a le mo kgwebong ya go thula gouta. Ngoloman o ne a tlotlelwa go nna botlhale mo go gakololeng ke ba ba neng ba kopa dikgakololo tsa gagwe ka dikgang tsa ngwao le selegae. O tlhokafetse ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a mabedi le bosupa. Le ntswa maagwe, o leina la gagwe e neng e le Elizabeth Nyanibah (o o tshotsweng ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabobedi masome a supa le bosupa a tlhokafala ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le borobabongwe), morago a neng a supa fa matsalo a gagwe e le ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe lesome le bobedi, Nkrumah o kwadile gore o tshotswe ka Lwetse a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe le borobabbonwge. Mmaagwe o ne a tlholega kwa Nsuaem e le wa lolwapa lwa Agona. Ene e le morekisi wa ditlhaphi le mogwebi fa a nyala raagwe. Malatsi a robabobedi morago ga a sena go tsholwa, rraagwe o ne a mo fa leina la Francis Nwia-Kofi a reeletswe ka mongwe wa losika, me morago ba lolwapa ba ne ba mo fa leina la Francis Kwame Ngolomah. O ne a tswelela mo thutong ya dingwaga di le lesome dingwag di robabobedi fela. Ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a mabedi le botlhano, e ne e le morutabana wa moithuti kwa sekolong seo a kolobediwa mo tumelong ya katoliki. O gakologelwa ka lorato fa a ne a tshwanelwa ke go ema mo godimo ga lebokoso go ruta balekane ba gagwe. Fa a le kwa sekolong, o ne a lemogiwa ke morutuii Alec Garden Fraser, mogokgo wa Government Training College (e e neng ya fetoga go nna Achimota School) kwa toropokgolo ya Gold Coast ebong Accra. Fraser o ne a rulaganyetsa gore Nkrumah a ithute go nna morutabama kwa sekolong sa gagwe. Koo, mothusa mogokgo o a neng a ithutile kwa Columbia University Kwegyir Aggrey o ne a mmontsha dikakanyo tsa ga Marcus Garvey le W.E.B Du Bois. Aggrey, Fraser le ba bangwe kwa Achimota ba en ba akanya gore go tshwanetse go nna le tirisanommogo gareng ga ditso tse di farologaneng mo go buseng Gold Coast, mme Nkrumah, a bua mafoko a ga Garvey, o ne a dumela gore fa batho bantsho ba ipusa ke gone go ka nnang le kagiso gareng ga ditso. Morago ga go aloga ka setlankana sa borutabana go tswa kwa Prince of Wales' College kwa Achimota ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mararo, Nkrumah o ne a neelwa tiro ya go ruta kwa sekolong se sebotlana sa katoliki kwa Elmina ka ngwaga wa sekete amkgolo a robabaongwe masome a mararo le motso. Ka dinwgaga tsa a le kwa Achimota, Nkrumah o ne a akgolelwa kitso ya gagwe ya go ngangisana le go etelela pele, e le mekgwa e morago e neng ya bop seabe sa gagwe e le moeteledipele wa lefatshe. Morago ga ngwaga a le koo, o ne a tlhomiwa mogokgo wa sekolo sa Axim. Kwa Axim, o ne a simolola go tsenelela sepolotiki a tlhama lekgotla la Nzema Literary Society. Ka ngwaga wa sekete amkgolo a robabongwe masome a mararo le boraro, o ne a thapiwa go na morutabana kwa sekolong sa Amisanno sa katoliki. Le ntswa koo bosthelo bo ne bo gaagmetse, o ne a go rata, ebile a akanya ka go nna moruti. == Metswedi == bfm9hyt0doskk8bpqjl27lupanboe76 0 15105 55362 55019 2026-09-23T06:51:42Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55362 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ajaysiya Byers''' (o tshotswe ka di 26 Diphalane 1999), o itsege jaaka '''Honey Bxby''', ke rapper le moopedi wa kwa Amerika. O itsege thata ka dipina tsa gagwe tse di tumileng<ref> Kori Nicole Barnes (3 December 2025). "[https://girlsunited.essence.com/entertainment/gu-jams-honey-bxby/ GU Jams: Sweet And Sting The Relentless Ascent Of R&B Disruptor Honey Bxby]". Girls United Essence. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> <ref> [https://www.rivalmagazinela.com/rival-online/a-taste-of-raw-honey-honey-bxbys-compelling-3am-ft-toosi "A Taste of Raw Honey: Honey Bxby's Compelling "3AM" ft. Toosi"]. Rival Magazine LA. 11 May 2025. Retrieved 16 January 2026.</ref>tse a di rekileng mo go Atlantic le Rebirth Entertainment / Art@War / Warner Records. == Botshelo le tiro == Honey Bxby, yo o belegweng Ajaysiya Byers, o goletse kwa [[Asbury Park]], [[New Jersey]].<ref>Chris Jordan (18 December 2025). [https://www.rivalmagazinela.com/rival-online/a-taste-of-raw-honey-honey-bxbys-compelling-3am-ft-toosi "Music star Honey Bxby holding holiday toy drive in Asbury Park"]. Asbury Park Press. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> O na le ngwao-boswa ya Se-Hispanic le Se-Aforika-Amerika.<ref>Tai Marie (13 October 2025). [https://www.hot97.com/news/honey-bxby-talks-music-identity-and-what-hispanic-heritage-month-means-to-her/ "Honey Bxby Talks Music, Identity, and What Hispanic Heritage Month Means to Her"]. hot97.com. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref>Rraagwe e ne e le motlhami wa mmino,<ref>Leslie Jensen (6 June 2025). [https://www.flaunt.com/post/honey-bxby-debut-album-raw-honey "Honey Bxby Real and Unfiltered in Debut Album "Raw Honey"]". Flaunt Magazine. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref>mme a simolola go kwala mmino, go o rekota le go opela mo studio le ene a sa le monnye thata.<ref>Sharmaine Johnson (17 April 2025). [https://www.rap-up.com/article/cool-facts-about-rising-star-honey-bxby "Cool Facts About Honey Bxby We Bet You Didn't Know"]. rap-up.com. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> O ne a tsena sekolo sa cosmetology pele a simolola tiro ya gagwe ya mmino ka 2019.<ref>[https://www.ladygunn.com/music/honey-bxby-is-all-grit-and-grace-in-this-raw-and-real-interview/ Honey Bxby Is All Grit and Grace in This Raw and Real Interview"]. Ladygunn. 30 May 2025. Retrieved 6 January 2026</ref> == Kaniso ya bodiragatsi == Ka 2022 Bxby o ne a saena tumalano le [[Atlantic Records]] ya ART@WAR, eo setlhopha sa A&R se neng se lemogile go tuma ga mmino wa gagwe mo [[Instagram]].<ref>Chris Jordan (29 November 2023). [https://www.app.com/story/entertainment/music/2023/11/29/honey-bxby-touchin-soul-train-awards-asbury-park-atlantic-records-rebirth-art-war/71718129007/ "Asbury Park native Honey Bxby brings R&B grooves and mythic hooks to her music"]. Asbury Park Press. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> O ne a golola EP ya gagwe ya ntlha kwa Atlantic, 3 Words, 8 Letters, ka 2023, go akaretsa le single ya gagwe ya "Touchin'".<ref>Jordan Edwards (31 July 2023). [https://www.popdust.com/honey-bxby-2662581902 "Get to Know Honey Bxby"]. Popdust. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref>Go ne ga nna le phitlhelelo e e gakgamatsang kwa Soul Train Awards ya 2023. Ka letlhabula o ne a tsamaya le [[Sexyy Red]].<ref>[https://thisisrnb.com/2024/03/rising-rb-star-honey-bxby-chats-it-up-with-thisisrnb/ Rising R&B Star Honey Bxby Chats It Up with ThisIsRnB"]. ThisIsRnB. 9 March 2024. Retrieved 7 January 2026.</ref> Ka 2024 label e ne ya golola single ya gagwe "Left Eye", e leng tlotlo go [[Lisa "Left Eye" Lopes]]. E ne ya latelwa ka June 2025 ke remix ya pina e e nang le [[Lil' Kim]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20260918135629/https://www.bet.com/bet-awards/articles/qa46yy/honey-bxby-lil-kim-turn-up-the-heat-with-left-eye "Honey Bxby & Lil' Kim Turn up the Heat with 'Left Eye'"]. BET. 7 June 2025. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Bxby e ne e le "Freshest Find" ya Billboard ka Tlhakole 2024.<ref>Kyle Denis (12 February 2024). [https://www.billboard.com/music/rb-hip-hop/best-newrb-hip-hop-songs-usher-honey-bxby-nardo-wick-sexyy-red-glorilla-latto-1235605785/ "R&B Hip-hop Fresh Picks of the Week: Usher, Honey Bxby, Nardo Wick & Sexyy Red, Glorilla & More"]. Billboard. Retrieved 6 January 2026.</ref> Ka Moranang 2024 Atlantic e ne ya golola remix ya "Touchin'" e e neng e na le [[Busta Rhymes]].<ref>Tony M. Centeno (1 May 2024). [https://963kissfm.iheart.com/content/2024-05-01-on-the-verge-honey-bxby-taps-busta-rhymes-kaliii-for-touchin-remixes/ "On The Verge: Honey Bxby Taps Busta Rhymes & Kaliii For 'Touchin'" Remixes"]. 963kissfm.iheart.com. Retrieved 23 January 2026.</ref> == Metswedi == g0xvwy7jd18kz12tkhq1gq7sica4ey9 0 15118 55324 55041 2026-09-23T00:06:48Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55324 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alvin J. Boutte Sr.''' (O tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Phalane e le lesome ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mabedi le borobabongwe (1929) a bo a tlhokafala ka kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola gangwe ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bobedi (2012) e ne e le radibanka wa Amerika ebile e le rakgwebo. E ne e le motlhami-mmogo, Mokhuduthamaga, le modulasetilo wa {{Infobox person|name=Alvin J. Boutte|birth_date={{birth date|1929|10|10}}|birth_place=[[Lake Charles, Louisiana]], U.S.|death_date={{death date and age|2012|4|1|1929|10|10}}|death_place=[[Hazel Crest, Illinois]], U.S.|occupation=Banker, Mogwebi}} Independence Bank — banka e tona go gaisa tsotlhe e e neng e le ya batho Bantsho kwa United States ka dingwaga tsa bo sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa (1970) — le kompone ye e ka fa tlase ga yone ya Indecorp, Inc., e e neng ya boelwa ke sereto seo ka dingwaga tsa bo sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe (1990) ka madi a a fetang R1 000 .&nbsp;milione wa dithoto. <ref name="politico">{{Cite news|last1=Bey|first1=Lee|title=The Demise of America's Onetime Capital of Black Wealth|url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2021/12/07/chicago-black-owned-businesses-history-523622|access-date=January 9, 2022|work=Politico Magazine|date=December 7, 2021|language=en}}</ref> <ref name="blackpast">{{Cite web |last=Watson |first=Elwood |date=October 29, 2013 |title=Alvin J. Boutte Sr. (1929–2012) |url=https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/boutte-alvin-j-sr-1929-2012/ |access-date=January 9, 2022 |website=BlackPast}}</ref> O ne a amana le baeteledipele ba le bantsi ba ditshwanelo tsa baagi ba lka dingwaga tsa bo masome a mabedi, go akaretsa le [[Martin Luther King]] yo mmotlana, [[Jesse Jackson]], le [[Harold Washington]] . <ref name="politico" /> ''[[:en:Chicago_Tribune|Chicago Tribune]]'' e kile ya mo tlhalosa e le "motlhabani yo o itekanetseng." <ref name="chitrib">{{Cite news|last1=Negronida|first1=Peter|title=Daley's Selections Jeopardize His Influence Over School Board|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/92197158/alvin-boutte-moderate-militant/|access-date=January 9, 2022|work=Chicago Tribune|date=July 20, 1969|pages=20}}</ref> == Botshelo jwa bogologolo == Boutte o tsholetswe le go godisediwa kwa [[Letsheng la Charles]], kwa [[Louisiana]], e le ene yo monnye mo baneng ba le lesome mo lelwapeng la Louisiana Creole . Batsadi ba gagwe e ne e le Arthur Hyacinthe Boutte, yo Motolo, le Adorea Darensbourg wa pele. Arthur Boutte o ne a kwadilwe jaaka "modiri wa tiro e e sa tlwaelegang" mo palong ya batho ya ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mararo ( 1930) le motlhokomedi wa ofisi mo palong ya batho ya ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mane ( 1940). <ref>{{Cite web |title=1930 United States Federal Census |url=https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/6224/images/4584872_00712?pId=34509334 |access-date=January 9, 2022 |website=Ancestry.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=1940 United States Federal Census |url=https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/2442/images/M-T0627-01390-00185?pId=122355187 |access-date=January 9, 2022 |website=Ancestry.com}}</ref> Fa ba lelwapa la ga Boutte ba ne ba gola kwa Jim Crow Louisiana, ba ne ba lebana kgetlhololo ya lotso le tlhaolele. Fa a bua ka rraagwe, Boutte o ne a bolelela mokwadi wa dikgang tsa botshelo jaana: "Ke gakologelwa kafa a neng a nkapesa ka gone mme re ne re tsamaya re ya kwa matlhophelong mme ba ne ba mmolelela gore, 'O a itse gore ga o ka ke wa tlhopha.' O ne a boela morago a bo a leka gape mo nakong e e tlang .Mme o ne a re " Ke akanya gore ke tshwanetse ka bo ke utlwile botlhoko, mme ga go a nna jalo." <ref name="FeldmanInghamFeldman1994">{{Cite book |last=Lynne B. Feldman |date=1994 |title=African-American Business Leaders: A Biographical Dictionary |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TTha3NavN-sC&pg=PA91 |last2=John N. Ingham |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |isbn=978-0-313-27253-0 |pages=91– |oclc=1063846117}}</ref> Boutte o ne a tsena Sekolo se Setona sa Katoliki sa Sacred Heart kwa Lake Charles mme morago ga moo a tsena kwa [[:en:Xavier_University_of_Louisiana|Xavier University of Louisiana]] ka thuso ya madi a go ithuta bolotlola, mme a bona dithuto tsa dikirii ya gagwe ya ntlha mo thutong ya melemo ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le bongwe (1951). <ref name="ilga">{{Cite web |title=Full Text of SR0703 |url=https://www.ilga.gov/legislation/fulltext.asp?DocName=&SessionId=84&GA=97&DocTypeId=SR&DocNum=703&GAID=11&LegID=67106&SpecSess=&Session= |access-date=January 9, 2022 |website=97th Illinois General Assembly}}</ref> Mongwe wa baithutikaene koo e ne e le Ernest " Dutch " Morial, yo moragonyana a neng a nna ratoropo wa ntlha wa motho Montsho wa [[New Orleans]] . Fa a sena go aloga, Boutte o ne a nna leloko la Sesole sa United States, a tsena Sekolo sa Baithuti ba Badiredi, koo a neng a nna wa bobedi mo setlhopheng sa batho ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mabedi. O ne a gololwa mo go faphegileng ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le bone ( 1954) ka maemo a go nna mokapotene, morago ga gore a romelwe kwa Jeremane. <ref name="FeldmanInghamFeldman1994" /> <ref name="ilga" /> O ne a nna mo tikologong ya batho ba Bantsho ba maemo a a fa gare ya [[Chatham-Avalon]] kwa Letlhakoreng le le kwa Borwa la Chicago mme a simolola go bereka kwa lebenkeleng la diritibatsi la lefelo leo le le bidiwang Lakeside Pharmacy. Ngwaga morago ga foo, ka kadimo ya madi a ka tshwarang $28,000, o ne a reka lebenkele leo. Mo dingwageng di le mmalwa fela, o ne a butse mafelo a masha a le mararo ka leina la Mabenkele a a Ikemetseng a Diritibatsi. O ne a nna moeteledipele ka bonako mo setlhopheng se se neng se gola sa bagwebi ba batho Bantsho kwa Chicago. <ref name="FeldmanInghamFeldman1994" /> == Banka ya Independence == Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bone (1964) , le borakgwebo ba bangwe ba le mmalwa ba batho Bantsho ba Chicago, o ne a tlhoma Banka ya Independence. Molekane wa gagwe yo motona e ne e le [[George E. Johnson]] yo Mogolo, motlhami wa kompone ya ditlolo le tsa tlhokomelo ya moriri e bidiwang [[:en:Johnson_Products_Company|Johnson Products]] ; bobedi joo ene le Boutte ba ne ba kgobegilwe marapo ke mathata a borakgwebo ba batho Bantsho ba neng ba lebane le one a go bona madi kwa dibankeng tse e neng e le tsa batho basweu. Kwa tshimologong, Johnson e ne e le modulasetulo wa banka mme Boutte e le mothusa-modulasetilo wa yone. Mme banka e ne ya simolola e raletse dikgwetlho, ka jalo ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le borobabongwe( 1969) Boutte o ne a rekisa lebenkele la gagwe la diritibatsi mme a tswa mo go nneng mmeletsi wa banka go nna Tautona . Mo dingwageng di le tharo fela, dithoto tsa ga Independence di ne tsa gola go tswa mo go di Dolareng tsa America di le dimilone tse lesome le borataro( $16 million) go ya go tse masome a matlhano le botlhano ($55 million). Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le boraro (1973), e ne e le banka e tona go di feta tsotlhe e e neng e le ya bathobantsho kwa United States, mme ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bosupa (1977), e ne ya bula ntlokgolo e ntšha ya di dolora di le dimilione di tse nne kwa borwa jwa Chicago. <ref name="FeldmanInghamFeldman1994" /> Independence e ne ya nna motlamedi wa dibanka tse dingwe tse di neng di laolwa ke batho Bantsho tse di nang le maemo a a kwa tlase a tsa madi. Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le borobabongwe( 1979), balaodi ba puso le puso ba ne ba e kopa gore e tseye dibanka tse pedi tse di sa diring sentle e leng Gateway National le Banka ya Guaranty le Trust. <ref>{{Cite news|author1=Robbins|title=Takeovers Lift Standing Of Largest Black Bank|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1979/07/24/archives/takeovers-lift-standing-of-largest-black-bank-black-bank-gains-with.html|date=July 24, 1979}}</ref> Boutte o ne a rulaganya se ka nako eo e neng e le kadimo e tona go gaisa tsotlhe e e kileng ya dirwa ke makalana a le mmalwa a batho ba Amerika—$12 .&nbsp;milione go ya kwa motlhaming wa dikarolo tsa dikoloi [[Borg-Warner]] —ka go kopanya setlhopha sa dibanka di le masome a robabobedi tse di neng di laolwa ke batho Bantsho le basadi. <ref>{{Cite news|author1=Howell|title=Who are the Blacks at the Top of the Money Industry?|date=November 1979|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=28sDAAAAMBAJ&dq=%22boutte%22&pg=PA158|publisher=Johnson Publishing Company}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bongwe (1981), Boutte o ne a tsaya bodulasetulo jwa banka mo go Johnson. <ref>{{Cite news|author1=Sloane|title=BUSINESS PEOPLE; President Named At Chicago Bank|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1981/02/09/business/business-people-president-named-at-chicago-bank.html|date=February 9, 1981}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi (1988), Banka ya Independence – e jaanong e leng karolo ya kompone e e simolotseng e e tlhamilweng ke Boutte ya Indecorp – e ne ya itsise gore e reka Banka ya se chaba ya Chivago's Drexel , e le lekgetlo la ntlha banka e e neng e le ya batho-Bantsho e kile ya reka banka e e nang le batho ba basweu e e itshethetseng mo go tsa madi. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Indecorp Inc. announced an agreement Monday to acquire Drexel National Bank|url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1988/07/18/Indecorp-Inc-announced-an-agreement-Monday-to-acquire-Drexel/5742585201600/|access-date=January 9, 2022|work=UPI|date=July 18, 1988|language=en}}</ref> Mmogo, Independence le Drexel di ne di na le dithoto tsa madi a kana tshwarang $227 .&nbsp;milione, mme seno se dira gore Indecorp e nne gape kompone e tona ya banka e e nang le batho Bantsho. <ref name="blackenterprise">{{Cite news|title=45 Great Moments in Black Business – No. 38: Indecorp Buys a $100 Million White-Owned Bank|url=https://www.blackenterprise.com/great-moments-in-black-history-no-38-indecorps-big-deal-buying-a-100-million-white-bank/|access-date=January 9, 2022|work=Black Enterprise|date=July 21, 2017}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=COMPANY NEWS; Indecorp Acquires Drexel Holding|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/02/10/business/company-news-indecorp-acquires-drexel-holding.html|access-date=January 9, 2022|work=The New York Times|date=February 10, 1989}}</ref> O ne a atolosa tiro ya dibanka ka ditsela tse disha, go akaretsa le go tsamaisa kananyo ya madi a mafatshe a sele kwa [[Maemelong a difofane a sechaba a O'Hare .]] <ref name="chidefender">{{Cite news|title=Boutte to be eulogized|url=https://chicagodefender.com/boutte-to-be-eulogized-2130/|access-date=January 9, 2022|work=Chicago Defender|date=April 10, 2012}}</ref> Mme mo tikologong e e sa tswang go tlosiwa melao ya dibanka, Indecorp e ne e na le bothata jwa go gaisana le dibanka tse ditona tsa batho basweu tse di ntseng di oketsega. Maiteko a go kopanya thekiso le Omnibanc Corp. ya Detroit e e neng e le ya batho Bantsho a ne a atlega ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bone(1994). <ref name="blackenterprise" /> Ngwaga o o latelang, Indecorp e ne ya rekwa ke kompone ya ShoreBank mme dingwaga tsa yone di le masome a mararo le bongwe jaaka banka e e neng e le ya batho-Bantsho di ne tsa fela. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Shorebank in Deal to Buy Indecorp, the Nation's Top Black-Owned Bank|url=https://www.americanbanker.com/news/shorebank-in-deal-to-buy-indecorp-the-nations-top-black-owned-bank|access-date=January 9, 2022|work=American Banker|date=June 21, 1995}}</ref> Ka nako ya fa e ne e rekisiwa, Indecorp e ne e na le dithoto tse di akanyediwa go tshwara madi a ka na kang $279 milione. <ref>{{Cite news|last1=McGann|first1=Debbie Ann|title=The second bid gets the bank: what does Indecorp's proposed sale to Shorebank mean for African Americans? – Free Online Library|url=https://www.thefreelibrary.com/The+second+bid+gets+the+bank%3A+what+does+Indecorp's+proposed+sale+to...-a017788874|access-date=January 9, 2022|work=Black Enterprise|date=December 1, 1995}}</ref> [[:en:ShoreBank|ShoreBank]] e phutlhame ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome ( 2010 )ka ntlha ya ditatlhegelo ka nako ya Kwelotlase e tona ya Itsholelo. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Business/wireStory?id=11449393|title=Regulators Close Chicago's ShoreBank|date=August 20, 2010|access-date=2010-08-20|last1=Selyukh|first1=Alina|work=ABC News}}</ref> == Bolweladitshwanelo le dipolotiki == Boutte e ne e le morotloetsi yo tlhaga wa mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa baagi le dikgatlhego tsa Maaforika a kwa Amerika. Ka dingwaga tsa bo sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro (1960), o ne a etelela pele setlhopha sa borakgwebo ba Chicago ba ba neng ba kokoanya madi a ka tshwarang $55,000 go tshegetsa Bokopano jwa Boeteledipele jwa Bokeresete jwa kgaolo ya Borwa le tiro ya ga [[Martin Luther King Jr]]. <ref name="blackpast" /> Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bobedi ( 1972), e ne e le morulaganyi le ramatlotlo wa Kopano ya Bosetšhaba ya Sepolotiki ya batho Bantsho, e e neng ya tlisa batho ba le dikete dirobabobedi kwa [[Gary]], [[Indiana]] ka se se bidiwang, "ka ditsela tse dintsi,e ne e le setlhoa sa motlha wa Black Power" <ref>{{Cite news|title=What Time Is It?: Black Lives Matter, the Gary Convention and Electoral Politics|url=https://truthout.org/articles/what-time-is-it-black-lives-matter-the-gary-convention-and-electoral-politics/|access-date=January 9, 2022}}</ref> Kopano e ne ya ntsha Gary Declaration , e e neng a ko pa Bantsho ba Amerika "go kopanya le go rulaganya seabe sa rona sa Bantsho jaaka baeteledipele mo kgaratlhong ya sechaba se sešha. Go amogela kgwetlho ke go ya kwa dipolotiking tse di ikemetseng tsa batho Bantsho...Ditso di re tlogele re sena boikgethelo. Dipolotiki tsa batho basweu ga di a tlisa e bile ga di ka ke tsa tlisa diphetogo tse re di tlhokang." <ref>{{Cite news|title=Unity Without Conformity: National Black Political Convention blazes new trails for 1972 and beyond|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N9oDAAAAMBAJ&dq=%22alvin+boutte%22&pg=PA48|access-date=January 9, 2022}}</ref> E ne e le molekane wa nako e telele wa ga Moruti [[Jesse Jackson]], a direla mo khuduthamageng ya ntlha ya [[:en:Rainbow/PUSH|Operation PUSH]] mme moragonyana a nna modulasetilo wa yone. Gape e ne e le mothusa Tautona wa Liki ya Ditoropo tsa Chicago, e bile e le mokgobokanyi wa madi wa mokgatho wa Chicago [[:en:NAACP|NAACP]] . <ref name="FeldmanInghamFeldman1994" /> <ref name="naacp" /> Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bosupa (1977), Boutte e ne e le mongwe wa barulaganyi ba Komiti ya Ratoropo wa batho Montsho, e e neng ya leka go tlhama thulaganyo e e sa tlhomamang go bona gore ke mang yo o tla nnang ntlhopheng yo o nonofileng go gaisa. E tlhamilwe mo dibekeng tse di latelang morago sa loso lwa ga ratoropo wa nako e telele Richard J. Daley . Go tlhotlheletsa ga sepolotiki go ne ga thibela Wilson Frost, Tautona wa nakwana wa Lekgotla la Toropo ya Chicago, maemo a go nna ratoropo wa nama o sa tshwere, e leng selo se batho Bantsho ba le bantsi ba neng ba se tsaya e le tiro ya semorafe . Boutte e ne e le modulasetilommogo wa komiti ya go tlhopha le moeteledipele wa badiri le Mopalamente wa kamoso [[Charles Hayes]] . Kwa tshimologong Boutte o ne a tsewa e le motho yo o ka tlhophiwang go nna ratoropo, mme o ne a gogela leina la gagwe morago gore le se ka la akanyediwa. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Travis |first=Dempsey J. |date=1989 |title=Harold, the People's Mayor: An Authorized Biography of Mayor Harold Washington |url=https://archive.org/details/haroldpeoplesmay0000trav/page/102/mode/2up?q=boutte&view=theater |publisher=Urban Research Press |isbn=978-0-941484-08-4 |location=Chicago |page=102 |access-date=January 9, 2022}}</ref> Komiti e ne ya tlhopha [[Harold Washington]], mme kwa bofelong o ne a gana go tsenelela ditlhopho . Washington o ne a tsenelela ditlhopho tsa Khonkerese, a fenya ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi (1980) le ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bobedi (1982). Fela morago ga ditlhopho tsa boeletso tsa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bobedi (1982 ), Boutte e ne e le motho wa ntlha yo o neng a atamelwa go thusa ka madi a go tsamaisa thulaganyo ya go tlhophiwa ga ratoropo wa Washington. O ne a itlama go kgobokanya $50,000; Washington o ne a itsise gore o batla go nna ntlhopheng malatsi a le mmalwa moragonyana. <ref>[[:en:Alvin_J._Boutte#CITEREFTravis1989|Travis 1989,]] p.&#x20;153.</ref>Boutte o ne a tsewa e le motho wa botlhokwa mo letsholo la gagwe, le le neng la felela ka go tlhophiwa ga gagwe jaaka ratoropo wa ntlha wa motho Montsho. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Marable |first=Manning |date=September 1985 |title=Black Power in Chicago: An Historical Overview of Class Stratification and Electoral Politics in a Black Urban Community |url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/048661348501700309 |journal=Review of Radical Political Economics |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=157–182 |doi=10.1177/048661348501700309 |issn=0486-6134 |s2cid=154850027 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le boraro (1993), Boutte e ne e le karolo ya setlhopha sa borakgwebo ba ba neng ba tlisa [[Nelson Mandela]] yo o a neng a satswa go gololwa kwa Chicago go kgobokanya madi a Bokopano jwa Bosetšhaba jwa Aforika . <ref name="ilga" /> Boutte e ne e le leloko la khuduthamaga ya Thuto ya Chicago go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le borobabongwe( 1969 ) go ya go ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bone (1974). ''Kuranta ya Chicago Tribune'' e ne ya mo tlhalosa fa a tlhomiwa jaaka "'motlhabani yo o itekanetseng' yo o nang le tumelo e e nonofileng ka ga go tokafatsa thuto ya bana ba batho bantsho kwa Chicago." <ref name="chitrib" /> Moragonyana mo pakeng ya gagwe, o ne a leka go tlogela tiro ya gagwe, a umaka maikarabelo a gagwe a kgwebo, mme Ratoropo Richard J. Daley o ne a gana go amogela go ithola tiro ga gagwe. E ne e le karolo ya setlhopha sa kgololesego mo khuduthamageng, mme a supa go kgobega marapo ka dikgaratlho tsa maatla mo teng ga khuduthamaga.<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Herman|first1=Edith|title=Daley refuses school board resignation|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/92188445/chicago-tribune/|access-date=January 9, 2022|work=Chicago Tribune|date=April 24, 1973|pages=29}}</ref> == Dikgatlhego tsa baagi le tsa kgwebo == Boutte o ne a le matlhagatlhaga mo mekgatlhong e le mentsi ya baagi ba Chicago, a nna mo dikhuduthamageng tsa [[:en:Chicago_Symphony_Orchestra|Chicago Symphony Orchesta]] le YMCA ya Metropolitan Chicago, mmogo le go nna mothusa modulasetilo wa lekalana la [[:en:Better_Business_Bureau|Better Business Bureau]] . Mo kgwebong, e ne e le leloko la khuduthamaga ya Kompone ya [[:en:Johnson_Products_Company|Johnson Products]] le ya [[Chicago Metropolitan Mutual Assurance|Chicago]] Metropolitan Mutual Assurance dikgwebo tseno ka bobedi e le tsa batho Bantsho kwa Chicago, mmogo le Difofane tsa Midway le [[:en:Blue_Cross_Blue_Shield_Association|Blue Cross Blue Shield Illinois]] . <ref name="naacp" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alvin J. Boutte, Sr. |url=https://www.thehistorymakers.org/biography/alvin-j-boutte-sr |access-date=January 9, 2022 |website=The HistoryMakers |language=en}}</ref> <ref name="chidefender" /> Boutte e ne e le karolo ya setlhopha sa borakgwebo ba batho Bantsho ba Chicago go beeletsa mo Stellar Continental Cable, e leng thulaganyo ya setshwantsho sa motshikinyego ya pele. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Business|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=giy81axAIT8C&dq=%22alvin+j.+boutte%22&pg=PA180|journal=Ebony|date=August 1983}}</ref> == Botshelo jwa gawe == Boutte o ne a nyala Barbara Gonzaque, yo a neng a kopana le ene kwa Xavier. Ba ne ba nna le bana ba le bane, basetsana e bong Janice le Jeanette le basimane e bong Gregory le Alvin, Jr. <ref name="ilga" /> Lelwapa leno ke la tumelo ya Katoliki . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alvin J. Boutte, Sr.'s Biography |url=https://www.thehistorymakers.org/biography/alvin-j-boutte-sr |access-date=2026-06-25 |website=The HistoryMakers |language=en}}</ref> Alvin Boutte o tlhokafetse ka kgwedi ya Moranang e rongwa, ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bobedi ( 2012) kwa legaeng la gagwe kwa [[Hazel Crest]], kwa [[Illinois]], a le dingwaga di le masome a robabobedi le bobedi <ref>{{Cite news|last1=Wright|first1=Danielle|title=Business Leader Alvin Boutte Sr. Has Died|url=https://www.bet.com/article/jzmfca/business-leader-alvin-boutte-sr-has-died|access-date=January 9, 2022|date=April 3, 2012|archivedate=June 9, 2025|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250609051437/https://www.bet.com/article/jzmfca/business-leader-alvin-boutte-sr-has-died}}</ref> Motlholagadi wa gagwe e bong Barbara o ne a tlhokafala ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bosupa (2017). <ref>{{Cite news|last1=Megan|first1=Graydon|title=Barbara Boutte, Chicago teacher active in civic affairs and business, dies at 86|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/obituaries/ct-barbara-boutte-obituary-met-20170726-story.html|date=July 26, 2017}}</ref> == Ditshupiso == [[Karolo:Articles with hCards]] [[Karolo:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 5kr2z9638zhh0fxl8wtso1ivrl5tteo 0 15138 55276 55151 2026-09-22T14:33:26Z KatieKea 10150 /* Popego */ Ke okeditse tlhanolo le go tsenya setshwantsho 55276 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Vredefort Crater, South Africa, OLI satellite image, 27 June 2018 cropped.png|thumb|Vredefort Dome (bogare), ka [[noka ya Vaal]] e e kgabaganyang; e bonwa go tswa kwa lefaufaung ka [[Operational Land Imager]] mo [[Landsat 8]], Seetebosigo a le malastsi a masome mabedi le bosupa ka 2018]] '''Vredefort impact structure''' ke nngwe ya [[dibopego tse dikgolo tsa thulano]] mo Lefatsheng. Mogobe, o o saleng o onala, o fopholeditswe go nna dikilometara di le lekgolo le masome a supa–makgolo a mararo (110–190 mi) go kgabaganya fa o ne o bopiwa,<ref name=":3">Huber, M. S.; Kovaleva, E.; Rae, A. S. P.; Tisato, N.; Gulick, S. P. S. (August 2023). [[doi:10.1029/2022JE007721|"Can Archean Impact Structures Be Discovered? A Case Study From Earth's Largest, Most Deeply Eroded Impact Structure"]]. ''Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets''. '''128''' (8) e2022JE007721. Bibcode:2023JGRE..12807721H. doi:10.1029/2022JE007721. hdl:20.500.11820/eefdc78e-ee46-446d-886f-2ab811603020. ISSN&#x20;2169-9097.</ref><ref name=":1">Allen, Natalie H.; Nakajima, Miki; Wünnemann, Kai; Helhoski, Søren; Trail, Dustin (2022). [[doi:10.1029/2022JE007186|"A Revision of the Formation Conditions of the Vredefort Crater"]]. ''Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets''. '''127''' (8) e2022JE007186. Bibcode:2022JGRE..12707186A. doi:10.1029/2022JE007186. S2CID&#x20;251449730</ref> phopholetso ya bofelo e akantsha gore mogobe wa ntlha o ne o le mogolo go feta [[mogobe wa Chicxulub]], mogobe o mogolo go gaisa o o sa senyegang thata mo Lefatsheng.<ref name=":1" /> Sebopego se se setseng, se se akaretsang lefika la motheo le le sa siamang, se mo kgaolong ya gompieno ya [[Foreistata|Foreisetata]] ya [[Aforika Borwa]]. E reeletswe ka toropo ya [[Vredefort]], gaufi le bogare jwa yone. Tlhatlogo ya bogareng ya sebopego e itsege jaaka Vredefort Dome, e e ka nnang dikilometara di le lekgolo–lekgolo le masome a mabedi (62–75 mi) ka bophara.<ref>Bisschoff, A.A., 1988. [https://journals.co.za/doi/pdf/10.10520/AJA00382353_5881 The history and origin of the Vredefort Dome]. South African Journal of Science 84, 413–417.</ref> Sebopego sa thulano se ne sa bopiwa ka nako ya [[Motlha wa Paleoproterozoic]], dingwaga di le dibilione di le 2.023 (± dimilione di le 4) tse di fetileng. E gareng ga dibopego tsa bogologolo tse di itsegeng tsa thulano mo Lefatsheng, morago ga [[Yarrabubba]] (dingwaga di le dibilione di le 2.23)<ref>Erickson, Timmons M.; Kirkland, Christopher L.; Timms, Nicholas E.; Cavosie, Aaron J.; Davison, Thomas M. (21 January 2020). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6974607 "Precise radiometric age establishes Yarrabubba, Western Australia, as Earth's oldest recognised meteorite impact structure"]. ''[[:en:Nature_Communications|Nature Communications]]''. '''11''' (1): 300. Bibcode:2020NatCo..11..300E. doi:10.1038/s41467-019-13985-7. ISSN&#x20;2041-1723. PMC&#x20;6974607. PMID&#x20;31964860.</ref> mme gongwe le [[Miralga]].<ref>Kirkland, Christopher L.; Johnson, Tim E.; Kaempf, Jonas; Ribeiro, Bruno V.; Zametzer, Andreas; Smithies, R. Hugh; McDonald, Brad (6 March 2025). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11885519 "A Paleoarchaean impact crater in the Pilbara Craton, Western Australia"]. ''Nature Communications''. '''16''' (1) 2224. Bibcode:2025NatCo..16.2224K. doi:10.1038/s41467-025-57558-3. ISSN&#x20;2041-1723. PMC&#x20;11885519. PMID&#x20;40050265.</ref> Tshimologo ya sebopego seno kwa ntle ga lefatshe e ne ya tlhongwa ka 1961 morago ga go bonwa ga [[dipale tse di thubegileng]] ke baithuta-lefatshe ba Amerika [[Robert S. Dietz]] le [[Robert B. Hargraves]], le fa go ne ga akanngwa gore se tla ama go tloga ka 1937 ke [[Claude C. Albritton]] le John D. Boon.<ref name=":2">Hargraves, R. B. (1961). [https://journals.co.za/doi/abs/10.10520/aja10120750_1496 "Shatter cones in the rocks of the Vredefort ring"]. ''South African Journal of Geology''. '''64''' (1): 147–161. [[:en:Hdl_(identifier)|hdl]]:[[hdl:10520/AJA10120750_1496|10520/AJA10120750_1496]].</ref> Ka 2005, Vredefort Dome e ne ya tsenngwa mo lenaaneng la [[Mafelo a Boswa jwa Lefatshe]] a [[UNESCO]] ka ntlha ya kgatlhego ya yone ya thutafatshe. == Popego == [[Setshwantsho:Map of Vredefort dome.jpg|thumb|Mmepe wa Aforika Borwa o o bontshang lefelo la Vredefort Dome, masalela a sebopego sa thulano sa dingwaga di le dibilione di le 2.023. Sediko sa mola o o thaladitsweng, se se bophara jwa dikilometara di le makgolo a mararo (190 mi), se tshwaya bogolo jwa mogogoro wa ntlhantlha.]] [[Setshwantsho:Aasvoelkop.jpg|thumb|Pono go tswa kwa godimo ga Aasvoëlkop mo bogareng jwa popego ya thulano ya Vredefort ka [[Noka ya Vaal]] le [[Venterskroon]] ka fa mojeng wa yone kwa morago]] Tshimologo ya thulano ya sebopego e ne ya tlhongwa ka 1961 ke lefelo la [[dipale tse di thubegileng]] ke baithuta-lefatshe ba Amerika [[Robert S. Dietz]] le [[Robert B. Hargraves]], morago ga go akanngwa ka 1937 ke [[Claude C. Albritton]] le John D. Boon.<ref name=":2" /> [[Asteroid]] e e neng ya itaya Vredefort e fopholediwa go nna nngwe ya tse dikgolo go gaisa tsotlhe tse di kileng tsa itaya Lefatshe fa e sa le ka [[Hadean]] Eon dingwaga di ka nna dibilione di le nne tse di fetileng, kwa tshimologong go ne go akanngwa gore e ne e le bophara jwa dikilometara di ka nna lesome–lesome le botlhano (6.2–9.3 mi) ka maatla a go tsamaya a 4.32×10²³ [[joules]].<ref name=":4">McCarthy, Terence (2005). ''The Story of Earth & Life''. Struik Publishers. pp.&#x20;89–90, 102–107, 134–136. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-77007-148-3|978-1-77007-148-3]]</bdi>. [[:en:OCLC_(identifier)|OCLC]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/883592852 883592852]</ref><ref>Ivanov, Boris (2005). [https://www.academia.edu/48655102 "Numerical Modeling of the Largest Terrestrial Meteorite Craters"]. ''Solar System Research''. '''39''' (5): 381–409. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005SoSyR..39..381I 2005SoSyR..39..381I]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/S11208-005-0051-0|10.1007/S11208-005-0051-0]].</ref> Go tloga ka 2022, asteroid e ne e fopholediwa go nna magareng ga dikilometara di le 20 le 25 (12 le 16 mi) ka bophara, mme go fopholediwa gore e ne ya thulana ka lebelo le le tsepameng la dikilometara di le lesome le botlhano–masome a mabedi le botlhano ka motsotswana (34,000–56,000 mph) le mofuta wa maatla a ~2 J04-4. (~7.3×1023-1.60×1024 J mabapi le phopholetso e e fetileng ka ntlha ya 1.7-3.7), tshedimosetso e lebega e tsamaisana thata le bosupi jwa thutafatshe jo bo jaaka dipale tsa go thubega le diponagalo tsa go fetoga ga sebopego sa sebopego.<ref name=":1" /><ref>Marchi, S.; Alexander, A.; Trowbridge, A.; Koeberl, C. (2024). [[doi:10.1029/2023EA003065|"Impact-Generated Permeability and Hydrothermal Circulation at the Vredefort Impact Structure, South Africa"]]. ''Earth and Space Science''. '''11''' (1) e2023EA003065. Bibcode:2024E&#x26;SS...1103065M. doi:10.1029/2023EA003065. ISSN&#x20;2333-5084</ref> Sebopego sa ntlha sa thulano se fopholediwa go nna le molagare wa bonnye jwa 170 km (110 mi), ka thulano e e amang popego ya letlapa la moamogedi le le di dikologileng mo kgaolong e e sediko e e ka nnang 300 km (190 mi) ka molagare.<ref name=":3" /> Diphopholetso tse dingwe, go ya ka sekai sa dipale tsa go thubega kgotsa diponagalo tsa go fetoga ga sebopego, di beile molagare wa mogogoro wa ntlha gaufi le 300 km (190 mi).<ref name=":1" /> Naga e gogolegile go ya kwa boteng jo bo ka nnang 7–11 km (4.3–6.8 mi) fa e sale e bopiwa, go phimola mogogoro wa ntlha. Sebopego se se setseng, "Vredefort Dome", se na le mogala o o sa felelang wa dithota tse di bophara jwa 70 km (43 mi) ka bophara, mme ke masalela a tlhatlogo e e fa gare e e tlhodilweng ke go boela morago ga letlapa ka fa tlase ga lefelo la thulano morago ga thulano.<ref name=":3" /> Diphopholetso di beile dingwaga tsa sebopego go nna dingwaga di le dibilione di le 2.023 (± dingwaga di le didikadike di le nne)<ref>Kamo, S.L.; Reimold, W.U.; Krogh, T.E.; Colliston, W.P. (November 1996). [https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0012821X9600180X "A 2.023 Ga age for the Vredefort impact event and a first report of shock metamorphosed zircons in pseudotachylitic breccias and Granophyre"]. ''Earth and Planetary Science Letters''. '''144''' (3–4): 369–387. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1996E&PSL.144..369K 1996E&#x26;PSL.144..369K]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(96)00180-X|10.1016/S0012-821X(96)00180-X]].</ref> kgotsa dingwaga di le dibilione di le 2.019/2.020 (± dingwaga di le didikadike di le pedi go ya go tse tharo),<ref>Moser, D. E. (1997). [https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/geology/article/25/1/7-10/190190 "Dating the shock wave and thermal imprint of the giant Vredefort impact, South Africa"]. ''Geology''. '''25''' (1): 7. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1997Geo....25....7M 1997Geo....25....7M]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[https://doi.org/10.1130%2F0091-7613%281997%29025%3C0007%3ADTSWAT%3E2.3.CO%3B2 10.1130/0091-7613(1997)025&#x3C;0007:DTSWAT&#x3E;2.3.CO&#x3B;2]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0091-7613 0091-7613].</ref> se se e bayang mo Pakeng ya [[Orosirian]] ya Motlha wa Paleoproterozoic. E gareng ga dibopego tsa bogologolo tse di amogelwang lefatshe ka bophara tsa thulano mo Lefatsheng. Fa go bapisiwa, e ka nna 10% ya bogologolo go feta [[thulano ya Sudbury Basin]] (ka dingwaga di le dibilione di le 1.849) mme [[popego ya thulano ya Yarrabubba]] e bogologolo go feta popego ya thulano ya Vredefort ka bokana ka 10%.<ref name=":5">Erickson, T.M., Kirkland, C.L., Timms, N.E., Cavosie, A.J. and Davison, T.M., 2020. ''Precise radiometric age establishes Yarrabubba, Western Australia, as Earth's oldest recognised meteorite impact structure.'' ''Nature communications'', 11(1), pp.1-8. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1038/s41467-019-13985-7|10.1038/s41467-019-13985-7]]</ref> Dibopego tse dingwe tse gotweng ke tsa kgale tsa thulano di na le dingwaga tse sa bonwang sentle ([[sebopego sa thulano sa Dhala]], India)<ref>Pati, J.K., Qu, W.J., Koeberl, C., Reimold, W.U., Chakarvorty, M. and Schmitt, R.T., 2017. ''Geochemical evidence of an extraterrestrial component in impact melt breccia from the Paleoproterozoic Dhala impact structure, India.'' ''Meteoritics & Planetary Science'', 52(4), pp.722-736. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1111/maps.12826|10.1111/maps.12826]]</ref> kapa bopaki jwa thulano jo bo ngangisanwang thata jaaka mo kgannyeng ya [[sebopego sa Maniitsoq]], West Greenland sa dingwaga tse ka nnang dibilione tse 3.023,<ref>Garde, A.A., McDonald, I., Dyck, B. and Keulen, N., 2012. ''Searching for giant, ancient impact structures on Earth: the Mesoarchaean Maniitsoq structure, West Greenland.'' ''Earth and Planetary Science Letters'', 337, pp.197-210. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2012.04.026|10.1016/j.epsl.2012.04.026]]</ref> le [[sebopego sa Suavjärvi]], Russia sa dingwaga tse di ka nnang dibilione tse 2.4,<ref>Mashchak, M.S. and Naumov, M.V., 2012. ''The Suavjärvi impact structure, NW Russia.'' ''Meteoritics & Planetary Science'', 47(10), pp.1644-1658. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1111/j.1945-5100.2012.01428.x|10.1111/j.1945-5100.2012.01428.x]]</ref> Go aroganngwa ga tsone jaaka dibopego tsa thulano go sa ntse go tsosa kganetsano e bile go sa rarabololwa.<ref name=":5" /><ref>Reimold, W.U.; [[:en:Ludovic_Ferrière|Ferrière, L]].; Deutsch, A.; [[:en:Christian_Koeberl|Koeberl, C]]. (2014). [[doi:10.1111/maps.12284|"Impact controversies: impact recognition criteria and related issues"]]. ''Meteoritics & Planetary Science''. '''49''' (5): 723–731. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014M&PS...49..723R 2014M&#x26;PS...49..723R]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1111/maps.12284|10.1111/maps.12284]].</ref> Dome e e mo gare ga popego ya thulano e ne e akanngwa kwa tshimologong gore e ne ya bopiwa ke go thunya ga thaba, mme mo bogareng jwa dingwaga tsa bo 1990, bosupi bo ne jwa senola gore e ne e le lefelo la thulano e kgolo ya asteroid, masalela a go tlhatloga ga bogareng kgotsa go boela morago go go tlwaelesegileng mo dithulanong tse dikgolo, jaaka pale tsa shatter tse di neng tsa bonwa mo bankeng ya [[Noka ya Vaal]] e e gautshwane. Dipale tsa go thubega di fitlhelwa go fitlha go ~90 km le diponagalo tsa go fetoga ga Planar mo quartz go fitlha go ~45 km, fa breccia e fitlha go ~150 km. Dikgala tse di botlhokwa thata go fopholetsa bogolo jwa mogogoro magareng ga 250-300 km ka selekanyo se se rileng sa go ikanyega.<ref name=":1" /> Sebopego seno sa thulano ke sengwe sa dibopego di le mmalwa tsa thulano tse di nang le dipalamonwana tse dintsi mo Lefatsheng, le fa di tlwaelesegile thata gongwe le gongwe mo Thulaganyong ya Letsatsi. Gongwe sekai se se itsegeng thata ke sa [[mogogoro wa Valhalla]] o o mo ngweding wa J[[upiter]] o o bidiwang [[Callisto]]. [[Ngwedi]] wa Lefatshe o na le tse dingwe gape. Dithulaganyo tsa thutafatshe, tse di jaaka kgogolego le [[dipolata tsa tectonics]], di sentse bontsi jwa dibopego tsa thulano ya diring tse dintsi mo Lefatsheng. Thulano e ne ya sokamisa [[Witwatersrand Basin]] e e neng ya bewa mo pakeng ya dingwaga di le didikadike di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a matlhano magareng ga dingwaga di le didikadike di le makgolo a ferabongwe le masome a matlhano le makgolo a supa pele ga thulano ya Vredefort. Di-lava tsa Ventersdorp tse di neng di le kwa godimo le [[Transvaal Supergroup]] tse di neng tsa bewa fa fatshe magareng ga dingwaga di le didikadike di le makgolo a supa le masome a ferabobedi pele ga go thulana ga meteorite, di ne tsa sokamisiwa ka tsela e e tshwanang ke go bopega ga popego ya thulano ya bophara jwa dikilometara di le makgolo a mararo (190 mi).<ref name=":4" /><ref>Norman, Nick; Whitfield, Gavin (2006). ''Geological Journeys''. Struik Publishers. pp.&#x20;38–49, 60–61. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-77007-062-2|978-1-77007-062-2]]</bdi>. [[:en:OCLC_(identifier)|OCLC]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/974035410 974035410].</ref> Matlapa a bopa direng tse di tseneletseng tse di sa felelang go dikologa bogare jwa popego ya thulano gompieno, ka tsa bogologolo, matlapa a [[Witwatersrand]], a bopa semicircle 25 km (16 mi) go tswa mo bogareng. Ka gore matlapa a Witwatersrand a na le dikarolo di le mmalwa tsa matlakala a a thata thata, a a kgonang go emelana le kgogolego (sekao, di-quarzite le matlapa a tshipi a a nang le dithapo),<ref name=":4" /><ref>Truswell, J. F (1977). ''The Geological Evolution of South Africa''. Purnell. pp.&#x20;23–38. [[:en:OCLC_(identifier)|OCLC]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/488347575 488347575].</ref> a bopa arc e e bonalang ya dithota e e ka bonwang kwa bokonebophirima jwa bogare jwa popego ya thulano mo setshwantshong sa sathalaete se se fa godimo. Matlapa a Witwatersrand a latelwa, ka tatelano, ke di-lava tsa Ventersdorp sekgala se se ka nnang 35 km (22 mi) go tswa kwa bogareng, le Setlhopha se segolo sa Transvaal, se se nang le lebanta le le sesane la matlapa a Ghaap [[Dolomite]] le Setlhophapotlana sa matlapa sa Pretoria, tse mmogo di bopang lebanta la 25-30 kilometer {{convert|25|to|30|km|mi|-wide||adj=mid}} go feta foo.<ref name=":6">Geological map of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland (1970). Council for Geoscience, Geological Survey of South Africa.</ref> Go tloga mo e ka nnang mo bogareng jwa Setlhotshwana sa Pretoria sa matlapa go dikologa bogare jwa popego ya thulano, tatelano ya matlapa e a busediwa morago. Fa go tsamaela kwa ntle go ya kwa molelwane wa mogogoro o neng o le teng, setlhopha sa Ghaap Dolomite se tlhagelela gape ka 60 km (37 mi) go tswa kwa bogareng, se latelwa ke areke ya di-lava tsa Ventersdorp, go feta fao, fa gare ga 80 le 120 km (50 le 75 mi) e bopileng matlapa a a kopaneng go tswa kwa bogareng, matlapa a Witwatersrand a tlhagelelo gompieno. Setlhopha sa Johannesburg ke sone se se tumileng thata ka gonne ke fa go bonweng gauta ka 1886.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":6" /> Ka jalo go a kgonega gore fa e ne e se ka thulano ya Vredefort gauta e e ka bo e sa ribololwa.<ref name=":4" /> Bogare jwa bophara jwa dikilometara di le masome mane (25 mi) jwa popego ya thulano ya Vredefort bo na le dome ya granite (mo e sa khurumediwang ke matlapa a mannye thata a a leng a [[Karoo Supergroup]]) e e leng karolo e e tlhagelelang ya [[craton ya Kaapvaal]], nngwe ya dikontinente tse dinnye tsa bogologolo tse di bopilweng mo Lefatsheng dingwaga di le dibilione di le 3.9 tse di fetileng.<ref name=":4" /> Go tlhatloga mono ga tlhora e e fa gare, kgotsa dome, go tlwaelesegile mo sebopegong se se raraaneng sa thulano, koo matlapa a a fetogileng metsi a neng a gasega kwa godimo morago ga meteor fa e ntse e tsenelela mo godimo ga lefatshe. [[Setshwantsho:Earth's geolological timeline.gif|center|thumb|300x300px|Mola wa nako wa ditso tsa Lefatshe o o supang gore sebopego sa thulano ya Vredefort se bopilwe leng mabapi le dingwe tsa ditiragalo tse dingwe tse di botlhokwa tsa thutafatshe tsa [[Aforika Borwa]]. '''W''' e supa gore [[Setlhopha se segolo sa Witwatersrand]] se ne sa bewa leng, '''C''' ke [[Setlhopha se segolo sa Kapa]], ​​mme '''K''' ke [[Setlhopha se segolo sa Karoo]]. Setshwantsho se bontsha gape paka e ka yone go neng ga bopega [[dipopego tsa matlapa a tshipi a a nang le dithapo]] mo lefatsheng, se se supang [[lefaufau le le senang phefo e e hemiwang]]. Legogo la Lefatshe le ne le nyerologile gotlhelele kgotsa ka bontlhabongwe ka nako ya Hadean Eon. Nngwe ya dikontinente tse dinnye tsa ntlha go bopega e ne e le [[craton ya Kaapvaal]], e e senotsweng mo bogareng jwa Vredefort Dome, le gape kwa bokone jwa Johannesburg.]] == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Mafelo a boswa a lefatshe mo Aforika Borwa]] [[Karolo:Mafelo a Free State (Kgaolo)]] srk1cymrxsiwxqr2xna4d2pa86ndmsh 55277 55276 2026-09-22T14:42:09Z KatieKea 10150 /* Popego */ ke ranotse tsebe e le go tsenya motswedi 55277 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Vredefort Crater, South Africa, OLI satellite image, 27 June 2018 cropped.png|thumb|Vredefort Dome (bogare), ka [[noka ya Vaal]] e e kgabaganyang; e bonwa go tswa kwa lefaufaung ka [[Operational Land Imager]] mo [[Landsat 8]], Seetebosigo a le malastsi a masome mabedi le bosupa ka 2018]] '''Vredefort impact structure''' ke nngwe ya [[dibopego tse dikgolo tsa thulano]] mo Lefatsheng. Mogobe, o o saleng o onala, o fopholeditswe go nna dikilometara di le lekgolo le masome a supa–makgolo a mararo (110–190 mi) go kgabaganya fa o ne o bopiwa,<ref name=":3">Huber, M. S.; Kovaleva, E.; Rae, A. S. P.; Tisato, N.; Gulick, S. P. S. (August 2023). [[doi:10.1029/2022JE007721|"Can Archean Impact Structures Be Discovered? A Case Study From Earth's Largest, Most Deeply Eroded Impact Structure"]]. ''Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets''. '''128''' (8) e2022JE007721. Bibcode:2023JGRE..12807721H. doi:10.1029/2022JE007721. hdl:20.500.11820/eefdc78e-ee46-446d-886f-2ab811603020. ISSN&#x20;2169-9097.</ref><ref name=":1">Allen, Natalie H.; Nakajima, Miki; Wünnemann, Kai; Helhoski, Søren; Trail, Dustin (2022). [[doi:10.1029/2022JE007186|"A Revision of the Formation Conditions of the Vredefort Crater"]]. ''Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets''. '''127''' (8) e2022JE007186. Bibcode:2022JGRE..12707186A. doi:10.1029/2022JE007186. S2CID&#x20;251449730</ref> phopholetso ya bofelo e akantsha gore mogobe wa ntlha o ne o le mogolo go feta [[mogobe wa Chicxulub]], mogobe o mogolo go gaisa o o sa senyegang thata mo Lefatsheng.<ref name=":1" /> Sebopego se se setseng, se se akaretsang lefika la motheo le le sa siamang, se mo kgaolong ya gompieno ya [[Foreistata|Foreisetata]] ya [[Aforika Borwa]]. E reeletswe ka toropo ya [[Vredefort]], gaufi le bogare jwa yone. Tlhatlogo ya bogareng ya sebopego e itsege jaaka Vredefort Dome, e e ka nnang dikilometara di le lekgolo–lekgolo le masome a mabedi (62–75 mi) ka bophara.<ref>Bisschoff, A.A., 1988. [https://journals.co.za/doi/pdf/10.10520/AJA00382353_5881 The history and origin of the Vredefort Dome]. South African Journal of Science 84, 413–417.</ref> Sebopego sa thulano se ne sa bopiwa ka nako ya [[Motlha wa Paleoproterozoic]], dingwaga di le dibilione di le 2.023 (± dimilione di le 4) tse di fetileng. E gareng ga dibopego tsa bogologolo tse di itsegeng tsa thulano mo Lefatsheng, morago ga [[Yarrabubba]] (dingwaga di le dibilione di le 2.23)<ref>Erickson, Timmons M.; Kirkland, Christopher L.; Timms, Nicholas E.; Cavosie, Aaron J.; Davison, Thomas M. (21 January 2020). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6974607 "Precise radiometric age establishes Yarrabubba, Western Australia, as Earth's oldest recognised meteorite impact structure"]. ''[[:en:Nature_Communications|Nature Communications]]''. '''11''' (1): 300. Bibcode:2020NatCo..11..300E. doi:10.1038/s41467-019-13985-7. ISSN&#x20;2041-1723. PMC&#x20;6974607. PMID&#x20;31964860.</ref> mme gongwe le [[Miralga]].<ref>Kirkland, Christopher L.; Johnson, Tim E.; Kaempf, Jonas; Ribeiro, Bruno V.; Zametzer, Andreas; Smithies, R. Hugh; McDonald, Brad (6 March 2025). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11885519 "A Paleoarchaean impact crater in the Pilbara Craton, Western Australia"]. ''Nature Communications''. '''16''' (1) 2224. Bibcode:2025NatCo..16.2224K. doi:10.1038/s41467-025-57558-3. ISSN&#x20;2041-1723. PMC&#x20;11885519. PMID&#x20;40050265.</ref> Tshimologo ya sebopego seno kwa ntle ga lefatshe e ne ya tlhongwa ka 1961 morago ga go bonwa ga [[dipale tse di thubegileng]] ke baithuta-lefatshe ba Amerika [[Robert S. Dietz]] le [[Robert B. Hargraves]], le fa go ne ga akanngwa gore se tla ama go tloga ka 1937 ke [[Claude C. Albritton]] le John D. Boon.<ref name=":2">Hargraves, R. B. (1961). [https://journals.co.za/doi/abs/10.10520/aja10120750_1496 "Shatter cones in the rocks of the Vredefort ring"]. ''South African Journal of Geology''. '''64''' (1): 147–161. [[:en:Hdl_(identifier)|hdl]]:[[hdl:10520/AJA10120750_1496|10520/AJA10120750_1496]].</ref> Ka 2005, Vredefort Dome e ne ya tsenngwa mo lenaaneng la [[Mafelo a Boswa jwa Lefatshe]] a [[UNESCO]] ka ntlha ya kgatlhego ya yone ya thutafatshe. == Popego == [[Setshwantsho:Map of Vredefort dome.jpg|thumb|Mmepe wa Aforika Borwa o o bontshang lefelo la Vredefort Dome, masalela a sebopego sa thulano sa dingwaga di le dibilione di le 2.023. Sediko sa mola o o thaladitsweng, se se bophara jwa dikilometara di le makgolo a mararo (190 mi), se tshwaya bogolo jwa mogogoro wa ntlhantlha.]] [[Setshwantsho:Aasvoelkop.jpg|thumb|Pono go tswa kwa godimo ga Aasvoëlkop mo bogareng jwa popego ya thulano ya Vredefort ka [[Noka ya Vaal]] le [[Venterskroon]] ka fa mojeng wa yone kwa morago]] Tshimologo ya thulano ya sebopego e ne ya tlhongwa ka 1961 ke lefelo la [[dipale tse di thubegileng]] ke baithuta-lefatshe ba Amerika [[Robert S. Dietz]] le [[Robert B. Hargraves]], morago ga go akanngwa ka 1937 ke [[Claude C. Albritton]] le John D. Boon.<ref name=":2" /> [[Asteroid]] e e neng ya itaya Vredefort e fopholediwa go nna nngwe ya tse dikgolo go gaisa tsotlhe tse di kileng tsa itaya Lefatshe fa e sa le ka [[Hadean]] Eon dingwaga di ka nna dibilione di le nne tse di fetileng, kwa tshimologong go ne go akanngwa gore e ne e le bophara jwa dikilometara di ka nna lesome–lesome le botlhano (6.2–9.3 mi) ka maatla a go tsamaya a 4.32×10²³ [[joules]].<ref name=":4">McCarthy, Terence (2005). ''The Story of Earth & Life''. Struik Publishers. pp.&#x20;89–90, 102–107, 134–136. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-77007-148-3|978-1-77007-148-3]]</bdi>. [[:en:OCLC_(identifier)|OCLC]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/883592852 883592852]</ref><ref>Ivanov, Boris (2005). [https://www.academia.edu/48655102 "Numerical Modeling of the Largest Terrestrial Meteorite Craters"]. ''Solar System Research''. '''39''' (5): 381–409. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005SoSyR..39..381I 2005SoSyR..39..381I]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/S11208-005-0051-0|10.1007/S11208-005-0051-0]].</ref> Go tloga ka 2022, asteroid e ne e fopholediwa go nna magareng ga dikilometara di le 20 le 25 (12 le 16 mi) ka bophara, mme go fopholediwa gore e ne ya thulana ka lebelo le le tsepameng la dikilometara di le lesome le botlhano–masome a mabedi le botlhano ka motsotswana (34,000–56,000 mph) le mofuta wa maatla a ~2 J04-4. (~7.3×1023-1.60×1024 J mabapi le phopholetso e e fetileng ka ntlha ya 1.7-3.7), tshedimosetso e lebega e tsamaisana thata le bosupi jwa thutafatshe jo bo jaaka dipale tsa go thubega le diponagalo tsa go fetoga ga sebopego sa sebopego.<ref name=":1" /><ref>Marchi, S.; Alexander, A.; Trowbridge, A.; Koeberl, C. (2024). [[doi:10.1029/2023EA003065|"Impact-Generated Permeability and Hydrothermal Circulation at the Vredefort Impact Structure, South Africa"]]. ''Earth and Space Science''. '''11''' (1) e2023EA003065. Bibcode:2024E&#x26;SS...1103065M. doi:10.1029/2023EA003065. ISSN&#x20;2333-5084</ref> Sebopego sa ntlha sa thulano se fopholediwa go nna le molagare wa bonnye jwa 170 km (110 mi), ka thulano e e amang popego ya letlapa la moamogedi le le di dikologileng mo kgaolong e e sediko e e ka nnang 300 km (190 mi) ka molagare.<ref name=":3" /> Diphopholetso tse dingwe, go ya ka sekai sa dipale tsa go thubega kgotsa diponagalo tsa go fetoga ga sebopego, di beile molagare wa mogogoro wa ntlha gaufi le 300 km (190 mi).<ref name=":1" /> Naga e gogolegile go ya kwa boteng jo bo ka nnang 7–11 km (4.3–6.8 mi) fa e sale e bopiwa, go phimola mogogoro wa ntlha. Sebopego se se setseng, "Vredefort Dome", se na le mogala o o sa felelang wa dithota tse di bophara jwa 70 km (43 mi) ka bophara, mme ke masalela a tlhatlogo e e fa gare e e tlhodilweng ke go boela morago ga letlapa ka fa tlase ga lefelo la thulano morago ga thulano.<ref name=":3" /> Diphopholetso di beile dingwaga tsa sebopego go nna dingwaga di le dibilione di le 2.023 (± dingwaga di le didikadike di le nne)<ref>Kamo, S.L.; Reimold, W.U.; Krogh, T.E.; Colliston, W.P. (November 1996). [https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0012821X9600180X "A 2.023 Ga age for the Vredefort impact event and a first report of shock metamorphosed zircons in pseudotachylitic breccias and Granophyre"]. ''Earth and Planetary Science Letters''. '''144''' (3–4): 369–387. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1996E&PSL.144..369K 1996E&#x26;PSL.144..369K]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(96)00180-X|10.1016/S0012-821X(96)00180-X]].</ref> kgotsa dingwaga di le dibilione di le 2.019/2.020 (± dingwaga di le didikadike di le pedi go ya go tse tharo),<ref>Moser, D. E. (1997). [https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/geology/article/25/1/7-10/190190 "Dating the shock wave and thermal imprint of the giant Vredefort impact, South Africa"]. ''Geology''. '''25''' (1): 7. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1997Geo....25....7M 1997Geo....25....7M]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[https://doi.org/10.1130%2F0091-7613%281997%29025%3C0007%3ADTSWAT%3E2.3.CO%3B2 10.1130/0091-7613(1997)025&#x3C;0007:DTSWAT&#x3E;2.3.CO&#x3B;2]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0091-7613 0091-7613].</ref> se se e bayang mo Pakeng ya [[Orosirian]] ya Motlha wa Paleoproterozoic. E gareng ga dibopego tsa bogologolo tse di amogelwang lefatshe ka bophara tsa thulano mo Lefatsheng. Fa go bapisiwa, e ka nna 10% ya bogologolo go feta [[thulano ya Sudbury Basin]] (ka dingwaga di le dibilione di le 1.849) mme [[popego ya thulano ya Yarrabubba]] e bogologolo go feta popego ya thulano ya Vredefort ka bokana ka 10%.<ref name=":5">Erickson, T.M., Kirkland, C.L., Timms, N.E., Cavosie, A.J. and Davison, T.M., 2020. ''Precise radiometric age establishes Yarrabubba, Western Australia, as Earth's oldest recognised meteorite impact structure.'' ''Nature communications'', 11(1), pp.1-8. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1038/s41467-019-13985-7|10.1038/s41467-019-13985-7]]</ref> Dibopego tse dingwe tse gotweng ke tsa kgale tsa thulano di na le dingwaga tse sa bonwang sentle ([[sebopego sa thulano sa Dhala]], India)<ref>Pati, J.K., Qu, W.J., Koeberl, C., Reimold, W.U., Chakarvorty, M. and Schmitt, R.T., 2017. ''Geochemical evidence of an extraterrestrial component in impact melt breccia from the Paleoproterozoic Dhala impact structure, India.'' ''Meteoritics & Planetary Science'', 52(4), pp.722-736. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1111/maps.12826|10.1111/maps.12826]]</ref> kapa bopaki jwa thulano jo bo ngangisanwang thata jaaka mo kgannyeng ya [[sebopego sa Maniitsoq]], West Greenland sa dingwaga tse ka nnang dibilione tse 3.023,<ref>Garde, A.A., McDonald, I., Dyck, B. and Keulen, N., 2012. ''Searching for giant, ancient impact structures on Earth: the Mesoarchaean Maniitsoq structure, West Greenland.'' ''Earth and Planetary Science Letters'', 337, pp.197-210. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2012.04.026|10.1016/j.epsl.2012.04.026]]</ref> le [[sebopego sa Suavjärvi]], Russia sa dingwaga tse di ka nnang dibilione tse 2.4,<ref>Mashchak, M.S. and Naumov, M.V., 2012. ''The Suavjärvi impact structure, NW Russia.'' ''Meteoritics & Planetary Science'', 47(10), pp.1644-1658. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1111/j.1945-5100.2012.01428.x|10.1111/j.1945-5100.2012.01428.x]]</ref> Go aroganngwa ga tsone jaaka dibopego tsa thulano go sa ntse go tsosa kganetsano e bile go sa rarabololwa.<ref name=":5" /><ref>Reimold, W.U.; [[:en:Ludovic_Ferrière|Ferrière, L]].; Deutsch, A.; [[:en:Christian_Koeberl|Koeberl, C]]. (2014). [[doi:10.1111/maps.12284|"Impact controversies: impact recognition criteria and related issues"]]. ''Meteoritics & Planetary Science''. '''49''' (5): 723–731. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014M&PS...49..723R 2014M&#x26;PS...49..723R]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1111/maps.12284|10.1111/maps.12284]].</ref> Dome e e mo gare ga popego ya thulano e ne e akanngwa kwa tshimologong gore e ne ya bopiwa ke go thunya ga thaba, mme mo bogareng jwa dingwaga tsa bo 1990, bosupi bo ne jwa senola gore e ne e le lefelo la thulano e kgolo ya asteroid, masalela a go tlhatloga ga bogareng kgotsa go boela morago go go tlwaelesegileng mo dithulanong tse dikgolo, jaaka pale tsa shatter tse di neng tsa bonwa mo bankeng ya [[Noka ya Vaal]] e e gautshwane. Dipale tsa go thubega di fitlhelwa go fitlha go ~90 km le diponagalo tsa go fetoga ga Planar mo quartz go fitlha go ~45 km, fa breccia e fitlha go ~150 km. Dikgala tse di botlhokwa thata go fopholetsa bogolo jwa mogogoro magareng ga 250-300 km ka selekanyo se se rileng sa go ikanyega.<ref name=":1" /> Sebopego seno sa thulano ke sengwe sa dibopego di le mmalwa tsa thulano tse di nang le dipalamonwana tse dintsi mo Lefatsheng, le fa di tlwaelesegile thata gongwe le gongwe mo Thulaganyong ya Letsatsi. Gongwe sekai se se itsegeng thata ke sa [[mogogoro wa Valhalla]] o o mo ngweding wa J[[upiter]] o o bidiwang [[Callisto]]. [[Ngwedi]] wa Lefatshe o na le tse dingwe gape. Dithulaganyo tsa thutafatshe, tse di jaaka kgogolego le [[dipolata tsa tectonics]], di sentse bontsi jwa dibopego tsa thulano ya diring tse dintsi mo Lefatsheng. Thulano e ne ya sokamisa [[Witwatersrand Basin]] e e neng ya bewa mo pakeng ya dingwaga di le didikadike di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a matlhano magareng ga dingwaga di le didikadike di le makgolo a ferabongwe le masome a matlhano le makgolo a supa pele ga thulano ya Vredefort. Di-lava tsa Ventersdorp tse di neng di le kwa godimo le [[Transvaal Supergroup]] tse di neng tsa bewa fa fatshe magareng ga dingwaga di le didikadike di le makgolo a supa le masome a ferabobedi pele ga go thulana ga meteorite, di ne tsa sokamisiwa ka tsela e e tshwanang ke go bopega ga popego ya thulano ya bophara jwa dikilometara di le makgolo a mararo (190 mi).<ref name=":4" /><ref>Norman, Nick; Whitfield, Gavin (2006). ''Geological Journeys''. Struik Publishers. pp.&#x20;38–49, 60–61. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-77007-062-2|978-1-77007-062-2]]</bdi>. [[:en:OCLC_(identifier)|OCLC]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/974035410 974035410].</ref> Matlapa a bopa direng tse di tseneletseng tse di sa felelang go dikologa bogare jwa popego ya thulano gompieno, ka tsa bogologolo, matlapa a [[Witwatersrand]], a bopa semicircle 25 km (16 mi) go tswa mo bogareng. Ka gore matlapa a Witwatersrand a na le dikarolo di le mmalwa tsa matlakala a a thata thata, a a kgonang go emelana le kgogolego (sekao, di-quarzite le matlapa a tshipi a a nang le dithapo),<ref name=":4" /><ref>Truswell, J. F (1977). ''The Geological Evolution of South Africa''. Purnell. pp.&#x20;23–38. [[:en:OCLC_(identifier)|OCLC]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/488347575 488347575].</ref> a bopa arc e e bonalang ya dithota e e ka bonwang kwa bokonebophirima jwa bogare jwa popego ya thulano mo setshwantshong sa sathalaete se se fa godimo. Matlapa a Witwatersrand a latelwa, ka tatelano, ke di-lava tsa Ventersdorp sekgala se se ka nnang 35 km (22 mi) go tswa kwa bogareng, le Setlhopha se segolo sa Transvaal, se se nang le lebanta le le sesane la matlapa a Ghaap [[Dolomite]] le Setlhophapotlana sa matlapa sa Pretoria, tse mmogo di bopang lebanta la 25-30 kilometer {{convert|25|to|30|km|mi|-wide||adj=mid}} go feta foo.<ref name=":6">Geological map of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland (1970). Council for Geoscience, Geological Survey of South Africa.</ref> Go tloga mo e ka nnang mo bogareng jwa Setlhotshwana sa Pretoria sa matlapa go dikologa bogare jwa popego ya thulano, tatelano ya matlapa e a busediwa morago. Fa go tsamaela kwa ntle go ya kwa molelwane wa mogogoro o neng o le teng, setlhopha sa Ghaap Dolomite se tlhagelela gape ka 60 km (37 mi) go tswa kwa bogareng, se latelwa ke areke ya di-lava tsa Ventersdorp, go feta fao, fa gare ga 80 le 120 km (50 le 75 mi) e bopileng matlapa a a kopaneng go tswa kwa bogareng, matlapa a Witwatersrand a tlhagelelo gompieno. Setlhopha sa Johannesburg ke sone se se tumileng thata ka gonne ke fa go bonweng gauta ka 1886.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":6" /> Ka jalo go a kgonega gore fa e ne e se ka thulano ya Vredefort gauta e e ka bo e sa ribololwa.<ref name=":4" /> Bogare jwa bophara jwa dikilometara di le masome mane (25 mi) jwa popego ya thulano ya Vredefort bo na le dome ya granite (mo e sa khurumediwang ke matlapa a mannye thata a a leng a [[Karoo Supergroup]]) e e leng karolo e e tlhagelelang ya [[craton ya Kaapvaal]], nngwe ya dikontinente tse dinnye tsa bogologolo tse di bopilweng mo Lefatsheng dingwaga di le dibilione di le 3.9 tse di fetileng.<ref name=":4" /> Go tlhatloga mono ga tlhora e e fa gare, kgotsa dome, go tlwaelesegile mo sebopegong se se raraaneng sa thulano, koo matlapa a a fetogileng metsi a neng a gasega kwa godimo morago ga meteor fa e ntse e tsenelela mo godimo ga lefatshe. [[Setshwantsho:Earth's geolological timeline.gif|center|thumb|300x300px|Mola wa nako wa ditso tsa Lefatshe o o supang gore sebopego sa thulano ya Vredefort se bopilwe leng mabapi le dingwe tsa ditiragalo tse dingwe tse di botlhokwa tsa thutafatshe tsa [[Aforika Borwa]]. '''W''' e supa gore [[Setlhopha se segolo sa Witwatersrand]] se ne sa bewa leng, '''C''' ke [[Setlhopha se segolo sa Kapa]], ​​mme '''K''' ke [[Setlhopha se segolo sa Karoo]]. Setshwantsho se bontsha gape paka e ka yone go neng ga bopega [[dipopego tsa matlapa a tshipi a a nang le dithapo]] mo lefatsheng, se se supang [[lefaufau le le senang phefo e e hemiwang]]. Legogo la Lefatshe le ne le nyerologile gotlhelele kgotsa ka bontlhabongwe ka nako ya Hadean Eon. Nngwe ya dikontinente tse dinnye tsa ntlha go bopega e ne e le [[craton ya Kaapvaal]], e e senotsweng mo bogareng jwa Vredefort Dome, le gape kwa bokone jwa Johannesburg.]] [[Setshwantsho:Vredefort crater cross section 2.png|center|thumb|300x300px|Setshwantsho sa schema sa karolo ya kgabaganyo ya NE (ka fa molemeng) go ya go SW (ka fa mojeng) go ralala popego ya thulano ya Vredefort ya dingwaga di le dibilione di le 2.020 le ka fao e sokamisitseng dibopego tsa thutafatshe tsa segompieno ka teng. Selekanyo sa ga jaana sa kgogolego se a bontshiwa. Johannesburg ke fao Witwatersrand Basin (mola o o serolwana) e tlhagelelang mo moleng wa "boalogodimo jwa ga jaana", fela mo teng ga rim ya popego ya thulano, ka fa molemeng. E seng go sekale.]] == Tshomarelo == Lefelo la Boswa jwa Lefatshe la Vredefort Dome ga jaana le mo tlhabololong ya dithoto, mme beng ba selegae ba tlhagisitse matshwenyego mabapi le go latlhelwa ga leswe mo Nokeng ya Vaal le popego ya thulano.<ref>Momberg, Eleanor (23 August 2009). [http://www.iol.co.za/news/south-africa/river-heading-for-the-rocks-1.456012 "River heading for the rocks"]. Retrieved Lwetse a le masome a mabedi le bobedi, 2026.</ref> Go neelwa ga ditshwanelo tsa go batlisisa go dikologa dintlha tsa popego ya thulano go dirile gore dikgatlhego tsa tikologo di tlhagise poifo ya meepo e e senyang. == Baagi == Dome ya Vredefort e e mo bogareng jwa sebopego sa thulano ke legae la ditoropo di le nne: [[Parys]], Vredefort, [[Koppies]] le [[Venterskroon]]. Parys ke yone e kgolo go gaisa e bile ke lefelo la bojanala; bobedi jwa Vredefort le Koppies di ikaegile thata ka itsholelo ya temothuo. Ka Sedimonthole a le lesome le boferabongwe ka 2011, seteišene sa seromamowa sa baagi se ne sa newa laesense ya kgaso ke [[ICASA]] go gasetsa maloko a a buang Seburu le Seesemane a baagi ba ba mo sebopegong sa thulano. Leina la Seburu ''Koepel Stereo'' (Seromamowa sa Dome) le kaya dome mme le itsise kgaso ya yone jaaka KSFM. Seteišene seno se gasa ka 94.9 MHz FM. == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Mafelo a boswa a lefatshe mo Aforika Borwa]] [[Karolo:Mafelo a Free State (Kgaolo)]] h0h0hs0236nlgt7ifqke86n82qv5acx 0 15145 55359 55124 2026-09-23T06:33:05Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55359 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hamisa Hassan Mobetto''' (o tshotswe ka Sedimonthole 10, 1994) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hamisa Mobetto exposed for lying about her real Age |url=https://www.pulselive.co.ke/entertainment/she-is-28-years-old-and-not-23-hamisa-mobetto-exposed-for-lying-about-her-real-age/7qm0k4w.amp |access-date=6 December 2021 |website=pulselive.co.ke}}</ref> ke seopedi sa Tanzania, modiragatsi, mogwebi le motho yo o tumileng mo setšhabeng. == Botshelo jwa pele le dithutego == O tsholetswe kwa [[Mwanza]], [[Tanzania]] ka 10 Sedimonthole 1994 mo lelapeng la Bamoseleme mme o ne a rata go nna mmotlelara fa e sa le ngwana. O ne a tswelela ka tiro ya gagwe ya go nna mmotlelara morago ga go fetsa sekolo se segolwane <ref>{{Cite web |title=Who is Hamisa Mobetto? All about Rick Ross' rumored girlfriend as couple's Dubai pictures grab headlines |url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/pop-culture/who-hamisa-mobetto-all-rick-ross-rumored-girlfriend-couple-s-dubai-pictures-grab-headlines |access-date=6 December 2021 |website=sportskeeda.com}}</ref> == Tiro ya gagwe == === Mmabontle === Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a tsenela kgaisano ya bontle ya Miss Indian Ocean 2011, mme o ne a tswa mo maemong a bobedi. Mo go one ngwaga oo, o ne a tswa mo maemong a bobedi a a neng a mo dira gore a tsenele kgaisano ya Miss Tanzania 2011. Ka 2012, o ne a tsenela kgaisano ya [[Miss University Africa]] mme a atlega go tsena mo go ba ba lesome ba ba kwa godimo.. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Hamisa Mobetto to host Miss Tanzania beauty pageant |url=https://barakafm.org/2018/09/08/hamisa-mobetto-to-host-miss-tanzania-beauty-peagant/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220528105448/https://barakafm.org/2018/09/08/hamisa-mobetto-to-host-miss-tanzania-beauty-peagant/ |archive-date=May 28, 2022 |access-date=6 December 2021 |website=barakafm.org}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2017, o ne a tlhophiwa mo People's Choice Award le Super Mum kwa Starqt International Awards.. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Hamisa Mobetto nominated in Starqt Awards 2017 |url=https://www.pulselive.co.ke/entertainment/starqt-awards-hamisa-mobetto-nominated-in-starqt-awards-2017/4vevst6 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211206151158/https://www.pulselive.co.ke/entertainment/starqt-awards-hamisa-mobetto-nominated-in-starqt-awards-2017/4vevst6 |archive-date=December 6, 2021 |access-date=6 December 2021 |website=pulselive.co.ke}}</ref> Ka 2018, o ne a fenya Female stylish Of The Year kwa Swahili Fashion Week Awards. Mo go one ngwaga oo, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna moamogedi wa kgaisano ya Bontle ya Miss Tanzania . <ref name=":1" /> Mo go one ngwaga oo, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna Rrakgwebo wa Mosadi wa Aforika Botlhaba yo o gaisang kwa BEFFTA Awards.. <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=BEFFTA Awards: Zari, Hamisa, Vera and Sarah Hassan to battle out in International Awards |url=https://m.scoopernews.com/2018/09/07/beffta-awards-zari-hamisa-vera-and-sarah-hassan-to-battle-out-in-international-awards/1362448 |access-date=6 December 2021 |website=scoopernews.com |archive-date=6 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211206170049/https://m.scoopernews.com/2018/09/07/beffta-awards-zari-hamisa-vera-and-sarah-hassan-to-battle-out-in-international-awards/1362448 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole 2020, o ne a fenya sekgele sa Best Female Digital Model of the Year kwa Tanzania Digital Awards. <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=Diamond, Hamisa, Nandy & Idris Sultan win big at Tanzania Digital Awards (Full List) |url=https://www.pulselive.co.ke/entertainment/celebrities/diamond-platnumz-hamisa-mobetto-nandy-and-idris-sultan-win-big-at-tanzania-digital/wh3zs9q.amp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211206152708/https://www.pulselive.co.ke/entertainment/celebrities/diamond-platnumz-hamisa-mobetto-nandy-and-idris-sultan-win-big-at-tanzania-digital/wh3zs9q.amp |archive-date=December 6, 2021 |access-date=6 December 2021 |website=thecitizen.co.tz}}</ref> === Kopelo === Ka 2017, Hamisa o ne a tlhagelela mo bidiong le [[Diamond Platnumz]] mo pineng e e tumileng ya Salome. <ref>{{Cite web |title=AliKiba new video with Hamisa Mobetto excites fans |url=https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/news/entertainment/-alikiba-new-video-with-hamisa-mobetto-excites-fans-2707286?view=htmlamp |access-date=6 December 2021 |website=thecitizen.co.tz}}</ref> Ka 2018, o ne a golola pina ya gagwe ya ntlha ya "Madam Hero". <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hamisa Mobetto drops the visuals for her debut single 'Madam Hero' |url=https://biggestkaka.co.ke/hamisa-mobetto-drops-the-visuals-for-her-debut-single-madam-hero/ |access-date=6 December 2021 |website=biggestkaka.co.ke}}</ref> Single e ne ya mo itsise mo intasetering ya Bongo Flava jaaka seopedi mme fa e sa le ka nako eo e setse e bone dipono di feta dimilione di le pedi mo YouTube. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Hamisa Mobetto to launch record label |url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/sasa/word-is/2021-07-09-hamisa-mobetto-to-launch-record-label/ |access-date=6 December 2021 |website=the-star.co.ke}}</ref> Ka one ngwaga oo o ne a golola pina e le nngwe ya "Tunaendana". <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hamisa Mobetto's new song Tunaendana |url=https://www.tuko.co.ke/292158-hamisa-mobettos-song-tunaendana.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211206151156/https://www.tuko.co.ke/292158-hamisa-mobettos-song-tunaendana.html |archive-date=December 6, 2021 |access-date=6 December 2021 |website=tuko.co.ke}}</ref> Ka 202, o ne a tlhama Record label ya gagwe ya Mobetto Music. <ref name=":2" /> Mobetto o kile a ratana le Francis Abi mme ba nna le ngwana wa mosetsana, Fantasy Majizzo. Morago a ratana le seopedi Diamond Platnumz mme ba ne ba amogela morwawe, e bong Deedalayan Abdul Naseeb, ka 2017. Moragonyana ba ne ba kgaogana ka mabaka a a sa itsiweng. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Diamond's message after meeting Hamisa Mobetto's first Baby Daddy Majizzo (Photos) |url=https://www.pulselive.co.ke/entertainment/celebrities/hamisa-mobettos-baby-daddies-diamond-and-majizzo-excites-fans-after-being-spotted/pkpmxn2 |access-date=6 December 2021 |website=pulselive.co.ke}}</ref> Ka Lwetse 2021, go ne go na le magatwe a a reng o ne a ratana le moopedi wa Moamerika e bong [[Rick Ross]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hamisa Mobetto, Rick Ross clip stirs social media |url=https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/news/entertainment/hamisa-mobetto-rick-ross-clip-stirs-social-media-3631920?view=htmlamp |access-date=6 December 2021 |website=thecitizen.co.tz}}</ref> O nyetswe ke motshameki wa Yanga,Stephane Aziz Ki . <ref>{{Cite web |last=GROUP |first=NTV KENYA-NATION MEDIA |title=NTV Kenya: Socialite Hamisa Mobetto and Yanga footballer Aziz Ki tie the knot |url=https://ntvkenya.co.ke/news/socialite-hamisa-mobetto-and-yanga-footballer-aziz-ki-tie-the-knot/ |access-date=2026-06-16 |website=NTV Kenya |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] msd2uhqug258o8szpe5nzu6glfdgbzj 0 15148 55325 55152 2026-09-23T00:36:06Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55325 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Brandon Scott Sessoms''', yo o itsegeng thata ka leina la '''B. Scott''' (yo o tshotsweng ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo a tlhola malatsi a le masome a manedi le bongwe, ka ngwaga wa 1981), ke motho yo o tumileng mo setshwantsong sa motshikinyego wa Amerika, motshwari wa dipontsho tsa radio le [[:en:Internet_celebrity|motho yo o tumileng mo maranyaneng]] yo o itsegeng ka ditshwantso tse di tshikinyegang tsa bone tsa [[:en:YouTube|YouTube]] le lefelo la maranyane la bone, LoveBScott.com.<ref>Woods, Meghan E. (March 5, 2007) [http://www.dailytarheel.com/2.1525/1.164622 Daily Tar Heel ''UNC alum becomes Internet celebrity'']</ref> Gape ke morulaganyi yo o nang le seabe mo The Glam Network, le mokwadi wa dikgakololo tsa ''Buka ya dikgang ya Ebony'' .<ref name=":1">[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/07/01/bscott-bet-awards_n_3528431.html B. Scott, Host Of BET Awards Pre-Show, Allegedly Told To Remove Makeup, Heels By Network (UPDATE)]</ref> Scott, yo e leng [[:en:Transgender|motho yo o fetotseng bong]] jwa gagwe mme e bile [[:en:Non-binary|e se monna kgotsa mosadi]] fela,<ref name=":5">Holmes, Juwan J. (March 13, 2021). [https://www.lgbtqnation.com/2021/03/b-scott-becoming-first-trans-non-binary-person-host-produce-show-bet/ "B. Scott is becoming the first trans non-binary person to host & produce a show on BET".] ''[[:en:LGBTQ_Nation|LGBTQ Nation]]''. Retrieved March 14, 2021.</ref> o tumile thata mo maranyaneng ka ntlha ya [[:en:Video_blog|ditshwantso tse di tshikinyegang tse a di dirang]] le lefelo la gagwe la maranyane.<ref>Broadway, Donna (August 10, 2009) The Baltimore Times ''The Man Behind the Media Empire {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090912060713/http://baltimoretimes-online.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=668&Itemid=61|date=2009-09-12}}''</ref> Scott o kile a botsolotsa batho ba ba tumileng jaaka [[:en:Mariah_Carey|Mariah Carey]], [[:en:Ne-Yo|Ne Yo]], [[:en:Chaka_Khan|Chaka Khan]], [[:en:Aubrey_O'Day|Aubrey O’Day]] le [[:en:Ashanti_(entertainer)|Ashanti]]. Gape o kile a tlhagelela mo metsweding e megolo ya dikgang le boitlosobodutu, a tlhagelela mo lenaneong la [[:en:The_Tyra_Banks_Show|The Tyra Banks Show]] <ref name=":6">[http://www.queerty.com/wherein-b-scott-goes-on-tyra-to-tell-new-yorkers-they-dress-like-crap-20100222/ "Queerty: Wherein B. Scott Goes On Tyra To Tell New Yorkers They Dress Like Crap"]</ref>le mo mananeong a a bontshiwang ke [[:en:Oxygen_(TV_channel)|Oxygen]] le [[:en:BET|BET]].<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":7">"B. Scott Joins Hair Battle Spectacular as a Guest Judge"</ref> == Botshelo jwa pele == Scott o ne a tsholelwa kwa [[:en:Franklin,_Virginia|Franklin, Virginia]], mme a godisediwa kwa [[:en:Hertford_County,_North_Carolina|Hertford County, North Carolina]], ke batsadi ba ba neng ba na le lotso lwa [[:en:African-American|Maaforika a Amerika]], [[:en:Irish_people|Ba-Ireland]], [[:en:Jew|Bajuta]] le batho ba [[:en:Meherrin|Meherrin]].<ref name=":2">Chen, Sophia (7 April 2008). [https://yaledailynews.com/blog/2008/04/07/b-scott-ostracized-pressured-inspired/ "B. Scott: Ostracized, pressured, inspired".] ''[[:en:Yale_Daily_News|Yale Daily News]]''. Retrieved 26 August 2019.</ref> Fa Scott a ne a le mo dingwageng tsa bolesome, o ne a tlhophiwa go tsena [[:en:North_Carolina_School_of_Science_and_Mathematics|North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics]], e leng sekolo sa puso sa bonno sa dingwaga di le pedi sa bana ba ba nang le bokgoni jo bogolo le kgatlhego mo dipalong le mo saenseng, se se kwa [[:en:Durham,_North_Carolina|Durham, North Carolina.]]<ref name=":2" /> Morago ga go aloga kwa sekolong seo ka ngwaga wa 1999, Scott o ne a tsena kwa [[:en:University_of_North_Carolina_at_Chapel_Hill|University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill]] mme mo ngwageng wa bobedi wa dithuto tsa bone [[:en:Came_out|ba ne ba itsise]] batho gore ke [[:en:Gay|motho yo o ratang batho ba bong jo bo tshwanang le jwa gagwe]].<ref name=":3">[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pyaqyl4Mh6k#at=142 My Coming Out Story] by B. Scott</ref> Ba ne ba tlhalosa mo setshwantsong se se tshikinyegang sa bone sa marayane gore pele ga moo ba ne ba na le maikutlo a a rileng ka bong jwa bone mme ba sa ntse ba [[:en:Questioning_(sexuality_and_gender)|ipotsa]] gore ba kgatlhegela bomang. Le fa go ntse jalo, fa ba ne ba le mo ngwageng wa bobedi ba ithutela dithuto tse di [[:en:Pre-med|baakanyetsang go nna ngaka]], monna o ne a ba suna lekgetlo la ntlha ka lorato, mme seo sa dira gore ba lemoge gore ba kgatlhegela banna le gore Ba ne ba dirisa dithuto tse di boima tsa go baakanyetsa go nna ngaka go itaya mogopolo mo kgannyeng ya bong jwa bone.<ref name=":3" /> Ba ne ba emisa maiteko a go nna ngaka go tswa mo go lemogeng gore e ne e le selo se ba neng ba se itaya tsebe.<ref name=":3" />Scott o ne a aloga ka 2002 ka setlankana se segolwane sa B.A. mo [[:en:Psychology|Thutong ya Tlhaloganyo.]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081207192146/http://regweb.unc.edu/stats/deans/deanlistweb009.html "UNC Dean's List Fall 2000"]. Archived from [http://regweb.unc.edu/stats/deans/deanlistweb009.html the original] on 2008-12-07. Retrieved 2008-12-17.</ref> Scott o ne a fudugela kwa [[:en:Washington,_D.C.|Washington, D.C]]., kwa ba neng ba bereka ka nakwana e le [[:en:Realtor|morekisi wa matlo]] yo o nang le tetla ya semmuso, mo lefelong la [[:en:Capitol_Hill|Capitol Hill]]. Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo, ka ngwaga wa 2005, Scott o ne a fudugela kwa [[:en:Los_Angeles,_California|Los Angeles,]] [[:en:Los_Angeles,_California|kwa California]], kwa ba neng ba tswelela ka tiro ya [[:en:Real_estate|thekiso ya matlo]] le go [[:en:Interior_designer|rulaganya kafa teng ga matlo le dikago]]. E ne e le ka nako eno fa ba neng ba simolola go kgatlhegela dikgwebo tsa boitlosobodutu, mme ba ne ba bereka ka nakwana mo [[:en:Print_ad|dipapatsong tse di gatisiwang]], e le motshwantshi wa diaparo. == Ditshwantso tse di tshikinyegang tsa maranyane le LoveBScott.com == Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e tlhola letsatsi, ka ngwaga wa 2007, Scott o ne a simolola LoveBScott.com, e e neng e itebagantse thata mo dikarolong di le tlhano tsa [[:en:Pop_culture|ngwao e e ratwang ke batho ba le bantsi]]: dikgang tsa [[:en:Celebrity|batho ba ba tumileng]], [[:en:Fashion|meaparo]], moopelo, botshelo jwa bosigo le boitlosobodutu jo bongwe jo bo farologaneng. Maikaelelo e ne e le go bua ka boitlosobodutu le dikgang tsa batho ba ba tumileng ka tsela e e bontshang dilo ka matlhakore a a siameng. Leina la lovebscott.com le ne la tlhophiwa ka maikaelelo a go fa lefelo leo la maranyane botho jo bo bonalang sentle, le go bontsha pono e e siameng ka botshelo.<ref name=":4">Ochalla, Bryan (October 20, 2009) The Advocate ''[http://www.advocate.com/Arts_and_Entertainment/Media/Don__39;t_Call_Him_The_Next_RuPaul/ Don't Call Him The Next RuPaul]''</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong, ka ngwaga wa 2007, B. Scott o ne a simolola go tsenya ditshwantso tse di tshikinyegang tsa [[:en:YouTube|YouTube]] mo lefelong la bone la maranyane gore ba kgone go golagana ka namana le babadi ba bone. Ditshwantso tse di tshikinyegang tseo di ne di akaretsa megopolo ya bone, dikgang tsa batho ba ba tumileng, ditshwantsho tsa ditiragalo tsa kopelo, dikakgelo ka dipolotiki, dipotso le dikarabo le batho ba ba tumileng, le melaetsa ya go kgothatsa babogedi. Ditshwantso tse di tshikinyegang tseo di ne di dirwa kwa ntlong ya bone kwa Los Angeles. Lefelo la bone la YouTube le na le balatedi ba ba fetang dikete di le masome a robongwe, mme se fentse dikgele di le mmalwa ka ntlha ya palo ya batho ba ba se bogelang le ba ba se latelang.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081225141504/http://jamaicaobserver.com/magazines/TeenAge/html/20080107T210000-0500_131142_OBS_IN_CASE_U_MISSED_IT_.asp "A New Internet Celebrity has Risen".] Archived from [http://jamaicaobserver.com/magazines/TeenAge/html/20080107T210000-0500_131142_OBS_IN_CASE_U_MISSED_IT_.asp the original] on 2008-12-25. Retrieved 2008-12-17.</ref> Scott o ne a fenya sekgele sa Blog ya Setshwatso se se tshikinyegang e e Gaisang kwa Black Weblog Awards <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090106143227/http://www.blackweblogawards.com/blog/2008/09/04/and-the-award-goes-to-2/ ""Best Video Blog"]". Archived from [http://www.blackweblogawards.com/blog/2008/09/04/and-the-award-goes-to-2/ the original] on 2009-01-06. Retrieved 2009-03-17.</ref>ka ngwaga wa 2007 le ka ngwaga wa 2008. Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong, ka ngwaga wa 2008, Scott o ne a nna mongwe wa badirammogo le YouTube. Ka ngwaga wa 2009, ba ne ba simolla ''The B. Scott Show'', e leng lenaneo la maranyane la dipuisano le boitlosobodutu jo bo farologaneng, le le neng le tsamaya ka nako e le nngwe le ditshwantso tse di tshikinyegang tsa bone tsa pele tsa maranyane. Batho ba ba neng ba botsolodiwa mo lenaneong leo ba ne ba akaretsa batho ba ba tumileng le batho ba ba botlhokwa mo setšhabeng sa [[:en:LGBT|LGBT]]. Dipotso le dikarabo di ne di tshwarelwa kwa gae ga Scott mme di bo di phasaladiwa mo seteisheneng sa bone sa YouTube le mo lefelong la bone la maranyane.<ref name=":4" /> Batho ba ba tumileng ba Scott a ileng a ba botsolotsa ba akaretsa [[:en:Ne-Yo|Ne Yo]], [[:en:Ashanti_(entertainer)|Ashanti]], [[:en:Eva_Marcille|Eva Marcille]], [[:en:LeToya_Luckett|LeToya Luckett]] wa [[:en:Destiny's_Child|Destiny's Child]], [[:en:Mariah_Carey|Mariah Carey]], [[:en:Jordin_Sparks|Jordin Sparks]] le [[:en:Rozonda_Thomas|Chilli]] wa [[:en:TLC_(band)|TLC]]. Seteishene sa Scott sa YouTube se ne sa dira gore batho ba le bantsi ba ba tumileng ba lemoge tiro ya bone. Ka ngwaga wa 2007, mongwadi wa ditshwantso tse di tshikinyegang tse di tumileng mo maranyaneng, [[:en:Perez_Hilton|Perez Hilton]], o ne a bitsa Scott “Motho yo mosha yo ke mo ratang thata mo YouTube.”<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081225132054/http://www.lovebscott.com/2007/11/05/in-case-you-guys-thought-i-was-crazy/ "Perez Hilton's Favorite New YouTuber"]. Archived from [http://www.lovebscott.com/2007/11/05/in-case-you-guys-thought-i-was-crazy the original] on 2008-12-25. Retrieved 2008-12-17.</ref> Mo godimo ga moo, ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borobongwe, ka ngwaga wa 2009, [[:en:Jamie_Foxx|Jamie Foxx]], yo o kileng a fenya sekgele sa [[:en:Academy_Award|Academy Award]], o ne a bua mo seteisheneng sa gagwe sa [[:en:Sirius_Satellite_Radio|Sirius Satellite Radio]] se se bidiwang [[:en:The_Foxxhole|The Foxxhole]] a re o rata B. Scott, gore Scott o kgatlha thata, le gore tebego ya bone e tshwana le motswako wa Prince, Rosario Dawson le Lenny Kravitz. Pako eno e Scott a neng a sa e kopa e ne ya thusa gore tiro ya bone e itsewe ke batho ba bantsi le go feta.<ref>Arceneaux, Michael (August 27, 2009) The Root ''[http://www.theroot.com/views/love-b-scott Loving Gender Bending Internet Personality B. Scott]''</ref> == Radio == Ka kgwedi ya Moranang, ka ngwaga wa 2010, ba ne ba simolola go tshwara ''The B. Scott Show'' mo lefelong la go phatlalatsa la ga [[:en:Jamie_Foxx|Jamie Foxx]] se se bidiwang [[:en:The_Foxxhole|The Foxxhole]], mo [[:en:Sirius_XM_Satellite_Radio|seromamoweng sa Sirius XM Satellite]]. Moeng wa ntlha mo lenaneong leo e ne e le [[:en:Michelle_Williams_(singer)|Michelle Williams]], yo pele e neng e le leloko la setlhopha sa [[:en:Destiny's_Child|Destiny's Child]].<ref>All Radio News''[http://allradionews.com/2010/04/20/cross-dressing-celeb-blogger-b-scott-premieres-radio-show-on-jamie-foxxs-foxxhole-radio/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100425055155/http://allradionews.com/2010/04/20/cross-dressing-celeb-blogger-b-scott-premieres-radio-show-on-jamie-foxxs-foxxhole-radio/|date=2010-04-25}}''</ref> Lenaneo le le ne le phatlaladiwa ka Mosupologo bosigo ka nako ya borobongwe, go ya ka nako ya kwa botlhaba jwa United States, mo Sirius 106 le XM 149.<ref>http://lovebscott.com/radio/<nowiki/>B. Scott</ref> Go ne ga itsisiwe ka lefelo la maranyane la [[:en:Twitter|Twitter]] gore Scott o tla emisa lenaneo la radio ka ntlha ya mabaka a botho. == Setshwantso sa motshikinyego == Ka ngwaga wa 2010, Scott o ne a tlhagelela mo [[:en:The_Tyra_Banks_Show|The Tyra Banks Show]] <ref name=":6" />mo karolong e e bidiwang “Ambush Stranger Makeovers”, mme gape a tlhagelela mo [[:en:Hair_Battle_Spectacular|Ntwa ya Moriri e e Kgatlhang]] ya [[:en:Oxygen_(TV_channel)|Oxygen]] <ref name=":7" /> e le moatlhodi wa moeng. Pele ga ditlhagelelo tse, Scott e ne e le mongwe wa batho ba ba neng ba nna le seabe se se kgethegileng mo Extra. Scott gape o ne a tlhagelela mo karolong e e bidiwang “Too Hot to Handle”, e leng karolo ya bobedi ya setlha sa bobedi sa Chef Roblé & Co. sa ngwaga wa 2013, se se neng se bontshiwa mo Bravo. === Dikganetsano tsa BET Awards tsa ngwaga wa 2013: 106 & Kganetsano ya Pele ga Pontsho ya lefelo la itlosobodutu === Ka ngwaga wa 2013, Scott o ne a bereka e le mmegi wa mo [[:en:Red_carpet|khapeteng e khibidu]] mmokgwa wa go apara kwa dikgeleng tsa [[:en:BET_Awards_2013|2013 BET]] : 106 & Park Pre Show.<ref name=":8">[http://www.lovebscott.com/news/b-scott-files-multi-million-dollar-gender-identity-discrimination-lawsuit-against-bet-and-viacom-court-documents-personal-statement B. Scott Files Multi-Million Dollar Gender Identity Discrimination Lawsuit against BET and Viacom (Court Documents + Personal Statement)]</ref> Ditiragalo tseno di ne tsa gasiwa ka nako e di neng di diragala ka yone kwa [[:en:Nokia_Theatre_L.A._Live|Nokia Theatre]] kwa Los Angeles ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo.<ref name=":1" /> Pele ga mokete wa dikgele, ba [[:en:Black_Entertainment_Television|setshwantso sa motshikinyego sa Black Entertainment]] , e e bidiwang BET, e ne ya phatlalatsa lenaneo la pele ga mokete le Scott e le ene fela mmegi wa tsa mokgwa wa kapari.<ref name=":1" /><ref>[http://www.advocate.com/politics/transgender/2014/01/09/leaked-emails-support-b-scotts-claims-bet-discrimination Leaked Emails Support B. Scott's Claims of BET Discrimination]</ref> Scott o ne a rulaganyeditswe go dira dipotso tsa motho ka motho di ka nna lesome le bobedi kgotsa go feta, mme o ne a kgona go fetsa potsolotso ya ntlha fela pele a tlosiwa mo seraleng fa go simologa ya bobedi.<ref>[http://www.advocate.com/politics/transgender/2013/09/19/breaking-binaries-b-scott Breaking Binaries With B. Scott: The TV, radio, and Web personality opens up about the BET Awards they were pulled from for dressing too femme, and explains how they came to terms with his recently claimed transgender identity.]</ref> Scott, yo o itsegeng ka go abelana maitemogelo a gagwe phatlalatsa, o ne a bolela gore morago ga karolo ya ntlha, ba ne ba tseelwa kwa morago ga serala mme ba patelediwa go busetsa moriri kwa morago, ba kopiwa go ntsha ditlolo tsa sefatlhego tsa go dira motho montle, ba fetola diaparo mme a thibelwa go rwala ditlhako tse di nang le serethe.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":9">[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/08/07/b-scott-sues-bet_n_3721093.html B. Scott, Gender-Nonconforming Host, Sues BET After Being 'Forced' To Wear Men's Clothes]</ref> Diaparo tse di ne di setse di amogetswe pele, mme ba ne ba bolelelwa gore ga di a siama. Scott o ne a dumela go apara diaparo tsa banna, mme ga ba a ka ba busediwa gape mo setshwantshong sa motshikinyego mme mo boemong jwa gagwe , moopedi Adrienne Bailon o ne a tsaya sebaka sa gagwe.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":9" /> BET e ne ya ntsha polelo e e reng kgang e ne e bakilwe ke go sa tlhaloganyane sentle, mme ya bontsha maswabi ka kgopiso epe e e ka bong e bakilwe.<ref>[http://newsone.com/2624114/b-scott-bet-awards-2013/ BET ‘Regrets’ B. Scott ‘Miscommunication’: ‘We Embrace All Gender Expressions’]</ref><ref>[http://www.glaad.org/blog/glaad-speaks-b-scott-and-bet-regarding-bet-awards-incident-network-issues-statement GLAAD speaks with B. Scott and BET regarding BET Awards incident, network issues statement]</ref> Scott o ne a gana polelo ya BET, a re [[:en:Non-apology|e ne e se kopo ya boitshwarelo ya mmantota.]]<ref name=":9" /><ref>[https://twitter.com/lovebscott/statuses/352152195703128064 "BET's non-apology statement has added more insult to injury. It was not a 'miscommunication' and what they did to me was intentional."]</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe, ka ngwaga wa 2013, Scott o ne a tlhagisa tsheko kgatlhanong le BET le kompone e kgolo ya yone, [[:en:Viacom_(2005–present)|Viacom]], a bolela gore o ne a tlhaolwa ka ntlha ya [[:en:Gender_identity|boitshupo jwa bong]], tsela e a [[:en:Gender_expression|bontshang bong jwa gagwe]] ka yone le [[:en:Sexual_orientation|tsela e a kgatlegelang batho ka yone]].<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":9" /> Ba ne ba batla tuelo ya ditshenyegelo e e kana ka didolara di le didikadike di le pedi le sephatlo.<ref name=":9" /> Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong, ka ngwaga wa 2014, [[:en:TMZ|TMZ]] e ne ya bona le go phatlalatsa melaetsa ya maranyane ya email ya mo teng ga kompone e e neng e bontsha gore batsamaisi ba BET ba ne ba buile ka keletso ya bone ya go thibela Scott gore a se ka a bonala a le mosadi thata fa a le mo setshwantshong sa motshikinyego.<ref name=":10">[http://www.tmz.com/2014/01/09/bet-b-scott-transgender-awards-preshow-lawsuit-emails-texts-gay/ BET: We Don't Want Male Host B. Scott Looking Like a Girl] 1/9/2014</ref><ref name=":11">[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/01/09/bet-emails-b-scott_n_4569432.html BET Emails About Host B. Scott Suggest Network Didn't Want Him 'Looking Like A Woman']</ref> Mothusa Tautona wa lefelo la phatlalatso, Rhonda Cowen, o ne a akantsha gore Scott a nne “mosadi gole gonnye.”<ref name=":10" /><ref name=":11" /> Motsamaisi yo mongwe wa BET, Monica Ware, o ne a gakolola gore go tilelwe go senola phatlalatsa mabaka a go fetolwa ga melao ya diaparo.<ref name=":10" /><ref name=":11" /> Huffington Post le yone e ne ya netefatsa pego ya TMZ ka melaetsa ya imeile ya mo teng ga kompone. Ka kgwedi ya Moranang, ka ngwaga wa 2014, BET e ne ya fenya kgetsi ya molao fa Moatlhodi wa Kgotlatshekelo e Kgolo ya Los Angeles, Yvette Palazuelos, a atlhola gore tshwanelo ya BET ya go laola tsela e e itlhamelang ka yone, go akaretsa le go laola diaparo tsa batho ba ba tlhagelelang mo setshwantshong sa motshikinyego, e sireleditswe ke Molaotheo wa ntlha wa United States. Katlholo e ne ya dira gore ditatofatso tsa Scott tsa tlhaolelo di se ka tsa amogelwa.<ref>[http://www.advocate.com/transgender/2014/04/18/b-scott-appeal-ruling-finding-bet-didnt-discriminate "B. Scott to Appeal Ruling Finding BET Didn't Discriminate".] 2014-04-18.</ref> Scott o ne a ikuela kgatlhanong le katlholo mme ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole, ka ngwaga wa 2015, ba ne ba fitlhelela tumalano le BET ya go fedisa kgetsi, mme madi a tumalano ga a ka a phatlaladiwa.<ref>[http://www.advocate.com/politics/2015/02/20/b-scott-settles-discrimination-lawsuit-bet-viacom "B. Scott Settles Discrimination Lawsuit with BET, Viacom".] 2015-02-21.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwo, ka ngwaga wa 2021, BET e ne ya itsise gore Scott o tla tlhagisa le go tshwara lenaneo le lesha mo lefelo la bone la phatlalatso, le le bidiwang Twenties: The After Show. Scott o ne a bontsha boitumelo ka go nna motho wa ntlha yo o fetotseng bong mme e se monna kgotsa mosadi fela go tshwara le go nna motlhagisi yo mogolo wa lenaneo kwa BET. Ba ne ba re, “Ke mo seemong sa go itshwarela, mme ke tlotlegile go thusa go fetola tse di fetileng le go nna karolo ya kgatelopele ya lefelo la phatlalatso go ya kwa isagweng e e amogelang batho botlhe ka tekatekano.”<ref name=":5" /><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220528143337/https://www.bet.com/article/e1x2oh/b-scott-to-host-new-after-show-for-hit-series-twenties "BET Announces B. Scott Will Host And Executive Produce New After Show For Groundbreaking Hit Series 'Twenties'"]. ''[[:en:BET|BET]]''. March 11, 2021. Archived from [https://www.bet.com/article/e1x2oh/b-scott-to-host-new-after-show-for-hit-series-twenties the original] on May 28, 2022. Retrieved March 14, 2021.</ref> == Lenaneo la puisano == Ka ngwaga wa 2015, Scott o ne a simolola podcast ya The B. Scott Show, e e neng e tsweletsa morago ga lenaneo la bone la YouTube le le neng le bidiwa ka leina le le tshwanang. Go ya ka [https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-b-scott-show/id1195238167 tlhaloso] ya lenaneo, “B. Scott, yo o bidiwang ‘Kgosigadi ya Dikgang tse di Monate,’ o neela babogedi dikgang tse di kgatlhang thata tsa ngwao ya batho ba ba tumileng, a dira mmogo le mokwadi wa lovebscott.com, Denver Sean, mme a tshwara dipotso tsa motho ka motho le go neela kgakololo mo karolong e e bidiwang ‘Ask B. Scott’.” == Diponagalo tse dingwe == Fa e sale ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe ka ngwaga wa 2007, Scott o ntse a thapilwe jaaka bokgoni ya batho ba ba tumileng; go ntsha seabe mo dikgatisong di le mmalwa<ref>Honey ''Ask B. Scott {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090817065115/http://www.honeymag.com/group/blogs/view.castle?g=918335|date=2009-08-17}}''</ref> le go tshwara ditiragalo. Ka letsatsi la bosupa la kgwedi ya Seetebosigo mo ngwageng wa 2007, Scott o ne a tshwara mokete wa “White Party” kwa [[:en:Hollywood_Black_Film_Festival|Moketeng wa ditshwantso tse di tshikinyegang tsa Batho ba Bantsho kwa Hollywood]],<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081225160200/http://hbff.org/parties.htm "The Hollywood Black Film Festival - White Party"]. Archived from [http://hbff.org/parties.htm the original] on 2008-12-25. Retrieved 2008-12-17.</ref> kwa Los Angeles. Gape o ne a tshwara tiragalo eno mo setlheng sa selemo sa ngwaga wa 2008. Ka letsatsi la bonè la kgwedi ya Moranang mo ngwageng wa 2008, Scott o ne a simolola kgwedi ya boikgantsho ya batho ba ba ratanang ka bong bole bongwe kwa [[:en:Yale_University|Madikolong]] [[:en:Yale_University|wa Yale]].<ref>Chen, Sophia (April 7, 2008) [[:en:Yale_Daily_News|Yale Daily News]] ''B. [http://www.yaledailynews.com/articles/view/24273 Scott: Ostracized, Pressured, Inspired] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081222073011/http://www.yaledailynews.com/articles/view/24273|date=2008-12-22}}''</ref> Mo meketeng eo, o ne a nna kwa pele mo ditiragalong di le tharo. Scott o ne a tshwara kopano ya “Master’s Tea” kwa Silliman College mo Madikolong a Yale, “Pride Meet and Greet” kwa Bespoke Restaurant, le mokete wa morago ga tiragalo kwa Center Street Lounge kwa New Haven, Connecticut. Ka letsatsi la lesome le borobongwe la kgwedi ya Phalane mo ngwageng wa 2008, Scott o ne a etelela pele setlhopha mo moletlong wa [[:en:AIDS_Walk|Motsamao wa AIDS]] [[:en:Los_Angeles|Los Angeles]] mme a tshwara mokete wa semmuso wa morago<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081225133839/http://wireimage.com/SearchResults.aspx?navtyp=SRH&sfld=C&logsrch=1&s=b.%20scott ""Wireimage Coverage at the 24th Annual AIDS Walk Los Angeles After Party hosted by B. Scott"]". Archived from [http://wireimage.com/SearchResults.aspx?navtyp=SRH&sfld=C&logsrch=1&s=b.%20scott the original] on 2008-12-25. Retrieved 2008-12-17.</ref> ga tiragalo kwa lebentleleg le lefeloo la maitiso a bosigo la Eleven kwa West Hollywood, California. Ka letsatsi la masome a mabedi le borobedi la kgwedi ya Tlhakole mo ngwageng wa 2009, Scott o ne a nna teng kwa Bokopanong jwa bo lesome le bonè jwa Ngwaga le Ngwaga jwa Kutlwano ya Batho ba Bantsho kwa Madikolong a Yale, kwa a neng a le mongwe wa baemedi ba ba kgethegileng mo puisanong ya setlhopha sa babui e e neng e bidiwa “Disrobed: An Exposé of Black Sexuality”.<ref>Domingue, Michelle T. (March 13, 2009) Dartmouth Free Press ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20090329050534/http://www.dartmouth.edu/~thepress/read.php?id=1758 Black Sexuality: Overcoming Homophobia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090329050534/http://www.dartmouth.edu/~thepress/read.php?id=1758|date=2009-03-29}}''</ref> Kwa tshimologong ya ngwaga wa 2010, morago ga puisano ya gagwe le Mariah Carey, Scott o ne a bonala mo setshwantshong se se tshikinyegang sa pina ya “Up Out My Face”, e e neng e na le [[:en:Nicki_Minaj|Nicki Minaj]].<ref>Carey, Mariah-Up Out My Face ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20110716084959/http://www.downelink.com/downetv/video.aspx?url=74933-Mariah-Carey--Up-Out-My-Face-feat-Nicki-Minaj] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716084959/http://www.downelink.com/downetv/video.aspx?url=74933-Mariah-Carey--Up-Out-My-Face-feat-Nicki-Minaj|date=2011-07-16}}''</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo mo ngwageng wa 2010, Scott e ne e le mongwe wa baemedi ba ba kgethegileng mo puisanong ya ntlha ya setlhopha sa babui e e neng e bidiwa “Out in the Spotlight” kwa [[:en:Morehouse_College|Morehouse College.]] Tiragalo eno e ne e rulagantswe ke mokgatlho wa Morehouse o o neng o thusa batho ba [[:en:LGBT|LGBT]] go ikutlwa ba amogelesegile. E ne e le kgato ya ntlha ya sekolo se mo go ageng kgolagano fa gare ga sekolo le setšhaba sa LGBTQ.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20100330090855/http://www.hbcudigest.com/2010/03/morehouse-to-host-first-gay-pride-week/<nowiki/>HBCUdigest.com </ref><ref>Bossip.com http://bossip.com/230416/morehouse-college-hoste-its-1st-gay-pride-week-but-still-bans-cross-dressing/</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo mo ngwageng wa 2021, Scott o ne a tlhalosa gore ke motho yo bong jwa gagwe bo farologanang le jwa fa a tsholwa yo o sa iponeng a le mo bongweng jo bongwe fela, mme o dirisa maemedi a “[[:en:They/them|bone]]”. O ne a tlhalosa gore boitshupo jwa gagwe jwa bong, e leng tsela e a iponang ka yone mo teng, ga bo tsamaelane le mafoko a a tlwaelesegileng a a reng “monna” kgotsa “mosadi”.<ref name=":5" /><ref>Scott, B (March 9, 2021). [https://www.glaad.org/blog/guest-post-b-scott-not-coming-out-letter "Guest Post from B. Scott: "This is not a coming out letter.""]. ''[[:en:GLAAD|GLAAD]]''. Retrieved March 14, 2021.</ref> == Dietsele == Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Scott o ne a akarediwa mo lenaneong la ngwaga le ngwaga la Advocate le le neng le bidiwa “40 under 40”.<ref>[http://www.advocate.com/40-under-40-emerging-voices/2014/08/21/40-under-40-b-scott-cares-about-making-best-version-yourself "40 Under 40: B. Scott Cares About Making the Best Version of Yourself"]. 2014-08-21.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2016, Scott o ne a akarediwa mo lenaaneng la OUT Magazine le le bidiwang “OUT 100”. Kgatiso e ne ya tlhalosa Scott e le motho yo o nang le bokgoni jo bontsi mo mefuteng e e farologaneng ya metswedi ya dikgang, mme wa re o ne a setse a itsege thata mo ngwageng oo. Kwa Dikabong tsa BET tsa ngwaga wa 2013, o ne a laelwa gore a apare ka mokgwa o o neng o tsewa o tshwanela bong jwa gagwe, mme morago a tlosiwa mo tirong ya go akaretsa tiragalo ya khapete e khibidu. Ka nako eo, Scott o ne a apere seaparo se se tshwanang le tuniki, ditlhako tse di nang le serethe se se telele le setlolo sa go itira montle se se ntsi. Mme ka ngwaga wa 2015, Scott o ne a tswa mo tshekong e e neng e amana le kgethololo eo, mme a tswelela ka tiro ya gagwe a na le webosaete ya gagwe e e atlegileng ya dikgang tsa batho ba ba tumileng le boitlosobodutu, ditshono tsa go dira ditshwatso tse di tshikinyegang le madi a a neng a dumalanwe ka one mme a sa senolwa. Scott o ne a re, “Ke a fenya.” == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Articles with hCards]] <references /> == Dikgokagano tsa kwa ntle == * [https://www.lovebscott.com/ Official website] * [https://www.youtube.com/user/LoveBScott B. Scott's channel] mo [[:en:YouTube_user_(identifier)|YouTube]] * [[imdbname:3580230|B. Scott]] kwa [[:en:IMDb_(identifier)|IMDb]] cajtfdhnabd9b1m1uzvy0aar29opamf 0 15149 55377 55150 2026-09-23T09:14:19Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55377 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Lefelo la Boswa jwa Lefatshe]] la '''ǀXam'''<ref>ǀXam rather than ǃXam is the correct spelling - see Barnard, A. 1992. ''Hunters and herders of Southern Africa: a comparative ethnography of the Khoisan peoples''. Cambridge University Press.</ref> le '''ǂKhomani''' '''heartland''' le na le dikgaolo tse di kwa Borwa le kwa Bokone jwa [[Upington]], ka go latelana, kwa [[Kapa Bokone|Kgaolong ya Kapa Bokone]] ya [[Aforika Borwa]]. Batho ba ǀXam le ǂKhomani (ka nepo [[Nǁnǂe]]) e ne e le ditlhopha tse di amanang ka puo tsa batho ba [[Basarwa]], dipuo tsa bone ka go fapaana ([[ǀXam]] le [[Nǁng]]) e le karolo ya [[setlhopha sa puo ya ǃKwi]]. Ditlogolwana tsa bobedi jwa ǀXam le Nǁnǂe di akaretsa batho ba ba buang Seburu ba ba ‘[[Mmala]]’ mo dipolaseng kgotsa mo ditoropong tsa kgaolo ba mo gare ga bone dipuo tsa pele ga bokolone di nyeletseng gotlhelele (mo ntlheng ya ǀXam) kgotsa di ka buiwa ke batho ba le mmalwa fela (mo ntlheng ya Nǁnǂe). == Tlhaloso ya lefelo == Dikgaolo tse pedi di na le dikarolo tse di omileng go ya go tse di omileng tsa Upper [[Karoo]] (kwa borwa) le [[Sekaka sa Kalahari|Kalahari]] e e kwa Borwa (kwa bokone). Mafelo ka bobedi a humile ka metlhala ya boepi jwa bogologolo gareng ga tse dingwe tsa [[Motlha wa Letlapa wa Moragonyana]], fa dithota tse di nang le matlapa le ditlhogo tse di tlhomologileng mo kgaolong e e kwa borwa (e e ntseng e bidiwa ǀXam-ka ǃxau, e e kayang legae la ǀXam) di na le khumo ya mafelo a [[botaki jwa matlapa]], bontsi jwa one a le mo [[Sebopegong sa go gabiwa ga majwe|sebopegong sa]] [[Sebopegong sa go gabiwa ga majwe|go gabiwa ga majwe]].<ref>Deacon, J. & Foster, C. 2005. ''My heart stands in the hill''. Cape Town: Struik Publishers.</ref><ref>Parkington, J. Morris, D. & Rusch, N. 2008. ''Karoo rock engravings''. Clanwilliam: Krakadouw Trust</ref> Mo kgaolong ya ǂKhomani kwa bokone (kwa popego ya lefatshe ya sekaka ya motlhaba e tlang pele ga botaki jwa matlapa) porojeke ya go dira [[mmepe wa setso]] e na le seabe mo go tsosoloseng kgatlhego mo dingwaong tsa setso mo kokomaneng e ntšha.<ref name=":1">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1545 ǂKhomani Cultural Landscape - UNESCO World Heritage Centre]</ref> == Dits0 == Ka phatlalatso ya semmuso ya [[Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park|Kalahari Gemsbok National Park]] ka 1931, bontsi jwa BaKhomani, mmogo le batho ba Mier ba ba neng ba nna mo kgaolong eo, ba ne ba patelesega go fudugela kwa mafelong a mangwe. == Boemo jwa Boswa jwa Lefatshe == Lefelo la pelo la ǀXam le ǂKhomani le ne la tsenngwa mo Lenaaneng la Teko la [[Boswa jwa Lefatshe]] la [[UNESCO]] ka Motsheganong a lemalatsi a le lesome le botlhano, 2004 mo setlhopheng sa Setso.<ref name=":1" /> Karolo e e kwa bokone, e leng Sebopego sa Setso sa ǂKhomani, e ne ya kwalwa mo lenaaneng la Boswa jwa Lefatshe ka Phukwi a le malatsi a ferabobedi ka 2017, ka nako ya kopano ya bo masome a mane le motso ya Komiti ya Boswa jwa Lefatshe ya Lekgotla la Ditshaba wa Thuto, Maranyane le Setso (UNESCO).<ref>ǂKhomani Cultural Landscape inscribed as World Heritage https://web.archive.org/web/20210418214327/https://www.environment.gov.za/mediastatement/khomaniculturallandscape_aworldheritagesite</ref> == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Mafelo a boswa a lefatshe mo Aforika Borwa]] [[Karolo:Karoo]] [[Karolo:Basarwa]] [[Karolo:Batho ba mmala]] [[Karolo:Batho ba tlhago ba Borwa jwa Aforika]] shentwux5lxqa5ub1zpympxti5bvz6d 0 15154 55365 55166 2026-09-23T07:15:57Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55365 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Jamila Bey''' (yoo tshotsweng ka ngwaga wa 1976) ke mmegadikgang wa lefatshe la Amerika gape ele sebui sa phatlalatsa. O ne a tshwara lenaneo la beke le beke la thulaganyo ya seromamowa ''la Thobalano, Dipolotiki le Bodumedi jwa oura: SPAR With Jamila'' mo Voice of Russia, <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 October 2013 |title=Reminder: Black Atheists Actually do Exist |url=https://www.ebony.com/reminder-black-atheists-actually-do-exist-981/}}</ref> mme o ne a kwalela kgaso ya ' ''The Washington Post'', ''She the People'' . <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/she-the-people/blog-contributors/|title=She the People - Blog contributors|newspaper=[[Washington Post]]}}</ref> <ref name="ssa">{{Cite web |title=Jamila Bey {{!}} Secular Student Alliance |url=https://www.secularstudents.org/speakers/JamilaBey |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130830123053/https://www.secularstudents.org/speakers/JamilaBey |archive-date=2013-08-30 |access-date=6 October 2013 |publisher=[[Secular Student Alliance]]}}</ref> Pele ga a bereka mo Washington Post le The Voice of Russia, Bey o ne a nna selekanyo sa ngwaga tse di lesome a bereka ele montshi i le mmaakanyi wa National Public Radio, go akaretsa le ya ''Morning Edition'' . <ref name="ssa" /> Ke MoAfrika-wa moAmerika. Bey gape ke moiaola Modimo yo o buang phatlalatsa, <ref name="mf">{{Cite news|title=Jamila Bey|url=http://www.memphisflyer.com/memphis/jamila-bey/Event?oid=3036705|accessdate=6 October 2013}}</ref> yo o boileng phatlalatsa gore o dumela gore tumelo e kotsi ka matlhagatlhaga mo MaAfrika-ako Amerika, a latlhela gore tumelo e nale seabe mo go direng MaAfrika-bako Amerika makgoba a mmele, mme ebile e tswelela ka go nna le seabe mo go ba direng makgoba a tlhaloganyo. <ref name="tr">{{Cite news|title=On Black Atheism: Jamila Bey|url=http://www.theroot.com/views/black-atheism-jamila-bey|accessdate=6 October 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023171205/http://www.theroot.com/views/black-atheism-jamila-bey|archivedate=23 October 2013}}</ref> O ganetsa go tlhalosiwa mo go tlwaelegileng ga mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa baagi gore kewa bodumedi, a bolela gore le fa dikereke di ne di na le seabe se segolo mo mokgatlhong ono, "batho ba dirile tiro yotlhe." <ref name="nyt">{{Cite news|title=The Unbelievers|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/27/fashion/african-american-atheists.html?pagewanted=2|accessdate=6 October 2013}}</ref> Letsholo la ngwaga wa 2012 la MaAfrika ako Amerika la Botho le ne la baya diboroto tsa ipapatso tse di neng di supa fa Bey le balwela ditshwanelo le barulaganyi ba bangwe ba bosheng ga mmogo le balwela-botho ba ba tlhageletseng thata ba MaAfrika ba Amerika e bong Zora Neale Hurston, Langston Hughes, le [[Frederick Douglass]] . <ref name="AAHumanism_WeAreAAH">{{Cite web |title=Announcing the We Are AAH Campaign |url=http://www.aahumanism.net/announcements/view/announcing_the_we_are_aah_campaign |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180203181541/http://www.aahumanism.net/announcements/view/announcing_the_we_are_aah_campaign |archive-date=3 February 2018 |access-date=3 February 2018 |website=aahumanism.net}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2015 Bey o ne a nna molwela ditshwanelo wa ntlha wa baba itatolang Modimo go buisa batho ko bokopanong jwa ngwaga le ngwaga jwa Conservation Political Action Conference . <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/religion/in-a-first-atheist-activist-addresses-conservative-conference/2015/02/26/8c5447e0-bdfd-11e4-9dfb-03366e719af8_story.html|title=In a first, atheist activist addresses conservative conference|date=2015-02-26}}</ref>{{Reflist}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20240314102709/http://sparwithjamila.com/ Spar With Jamila] Archived [[Karolo:Articles with hCards]] kugcu2qvl3ou7gufzn9431j8wwquiaa 0 15158 55278 55185 2026-09-22T14:56:22Z Atsile Edith 11759 55278 wikitext text/x-wiki '''August Wilson''' (ka '''Frederick August Kittel Jr.''' ; kgwedi ya Moranang e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bosupa, ka ngwaga wa 1945 – kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi a le mabedi , ka ngwaga wa 2005) e ne e le mokwadi wa motshameko wa tiragatso ya ditiragalo wa Moamerika. O bidiwa "mmoki wa bobogelo wa Amerika e Ntsho". <ref name=":1">{{Cite news|last=Isherwood|first=Charles|date=October 3, 2005|title=August Wilson, Theater's Poet of Black America, Is Dead at 60 (Published 2005)|language=en-US|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/10/03/theater/newsandfeatures/august-wilson-theaters-poet-of-black-america-is-dead-at-60.html|access-date=October 12, 2020|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> O itsege thata ka motseletsele wa motshameko wa tiragatso ya ditiragalo di le lesome , tse di bidiwang mmogo [[:en:August_Wilson#The_Pittsburgh_Cycle|The Pittsburgh Cycle]] (kgotsa ''The Century Cycle'' ) '','' tse di kwalang ka maitemogelo le boswa jwa setšhaba sa Maaforika-Amerika mo lekgolong la masome a mabedi la dingwaga. Metshameko wa tiragatso ya ditiragalo mo motseletseleng o di akaretsa ''[[:en:Fences_(play)|Fences (Diterata)]]'' (ka ngwaga wa1987) le ''[[:en:The_Piano_Lesson|Thuto ya Piano]]'' (ka ngwaga wa 1990), tse nngwe le nngwe ya tsone e neng ya gapa Wilson [[:en:Pulitzer_Prize_for_Drama|Mokgele wa Pulitzer wa Terama]], mmogo le ''[[:en:Ma_Rainey's_Black_Bottom|Black Bottom ya ga Ma Rainey]]'' ( ka ngwaga wa1984) le ''[[:en:Joe_Turner's_Come_and_Gone|ya ga Joe Turner ya Tla le go Tsamaya]]'' (1988). Ka ngwaga wa 2006, Wilson o ne a tsenngwa mo lefelong la Botumo jwa Bobogelo jwa Amerika . Ditlhogo tse dingwe di simolola ka tirisobotlhaswa ya thulaganyo le ya ditso ya Maaforika a Amerika, [[:en:Race_relations|dikamano tsa merafe]], boitshupo, go fuduga, le go tlhaolwa ka lotso. [[:en:Viola_Davis|Viola Davis]] o rile mokwalo wa ga Wilson "o tshwara metlae ya rona, makoa a rona, masetlapelo a rona, kgobalo ya rona. Mme o re dira batho. Mme o re letla go bua." <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 11, 2020 |title=Denzel Washington on bringing August Wilson's "Ma Rainey's Black Bottom" to the screen |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/denzel-washington-on-bringing-august-wilsons-ma-raineys-black-bottom-to-the-screen/ |access-date=December 24, 2020 |website=CBS News}}</ref> Fa e sa le Wilson a tlhokafala, metshameko ya go diragatsa ditiragalo ya gagwe e le tharo e ile ya fetolwa kgotsa a fetolwa gape go nna ditshwantso tse di tshikinyegang: ''[[:en:Fences_(film)|Diterata]]'' (ka ngwaga wa 2016), ''[[:en:Ma_Rainey's_Black_Bottom_(film)|Bontsho jo bo kotlase jwa ga Ma Rainey]]'' (ka ngwaga wa 2020) le ''[[:en:The_Piano_Lesson_(2024_film)|Thuto ya Piano]]'' (ka ngwaga wa 2024). [[:en:Denzel_Washington|Denzel Washington]] o disitse ditshwantso tse di tshikinyegang mme o ikanne go tsweletsa boswa jwa ga Wilson ka go fetola metshameko e e supang ditiragalo tse dingwe tsotlhe tsa gagwe go nna ditshwantso tse di tshikinyegang tsa bareetsi ba bantsi. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Gratzinger|first=Ollie|date=August 14, 2022|title=Denzel Washington Honors August Wilson's Legacy at House Opening|language=en-US|newspaper=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/14/theater/august-wilson-house-denzel-washington.html|access-date=August 15, 2022|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Washington o rile, "karolo e kgolo ya se se setseng sa tiro ya me ke go netefatsa gore Phatwe o a tlhokomelwa". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sullivan |first=Lindsey |date=October 2, 2020 |title=Denzel Washington Wants Samuel L. Jackson to Star in Film of August Wilson's The Piano Lesson |url=https://www.broadway.com/buzz/199971/denzel-washington-wants-samuel-l-jackson-to-star-in-film-of-august-wilsons-the-piano-lesson/ |access-date=December 24, 2020 |website=Playbill}}</ref> == Botshelo jwa kwa tshimologong == Wilson o ne a tsholwa a bidiwa Frederick August Kittel Jr. kwa [[:en:Hill_District|Hill District]] kwa [[:en:Pittsburgh|Pittsburgh]], Pennsylvania. E ne e le ngwana wa bone mo baneng ba le barataro. Rraagwe, Frederick August Kittel Sr., e ne e le mojaki wa kwa [[:en:Sudeten_Germans|Sudeten Germany]] yo o neng a dira tiro ya go apaya borotho le dikuku. Mmaagwe, Daisy Wilson, e ne e le mosadi wa Moamerika le Moafrika yo o neng a tswa kwa North Carolina mme a dira tiro ya go phepafatsa matlo gore a bone madi a go itshedisa.<ref name=":2">Isherwood, Charles (October 3, 2005). [https://www.nytimes.com/2005/10/03/theater/newsandfeatures/august-wilson-theaters-poet-of-black-america-is-dead-at-60.html "August Wilson, Theater's Poet of Black America, Is Dead at 60".] ''The New York Times''. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331]. Retrieved April 21, 2026.</ref> Go ya ka ditiragalo tse di neng di anelwa mo lelapeng, nkokoagwe Wilson ka fa mmaagweng o ne a tsamaya ka dinao go tswa kwa North Carolina go ya kwa Pennsylvania a batla botshelo jo bo botoka. Mmaagwe Wilson o ne a godisa bana a le nosi go fitlha Wilson a nna le dingwaga di le tlhano mo ntlung ya matlhatlhagane e e nang le dikamore di le pedi kwa morago ga lebentlele la dijo kwa tseleng ya 1727 Bedford . Rraagwe o ne a sa bonale thata mo botshelong jwa gagwe jwa bongwana. Moragonyana, Wilson o ne a simolola go dirisa sefane sa ga mmaagwe mo dikwalong tsa gagwe. Baagisanyi ba ba neng e humanegile mo itsholelong kwa a neng a godisetswa teng e ne e na le batswakwa ba batho ba bantsho ba Amerika ba le bantsi, ba Bajuta le Ba-Italiana. Botshelo bo ne bo le bokete mo baneng ba ga Kittel ka gonne ba ne ba na le batsadi ba ditso tse di farologaneng. August o ne a thatafalelwa ke go itse gore o amana le setso sefe, mme ka lobaka lo loleele o ne a sa ikutlwe a amogelesegile ka botlalo mo setsong sa batho ba bantsho ba Amerika kgotsa mo setsong sa batho ba basweu go fitlhela nako ntse e tsamaa. Mmaagwe Wilson o ne a tlhalana le rraagwe mme a nyalwa ke David Bedford mo dingwageng tsa bo1950. Lelapa le ne la fuduga go tswa kwa Hill District go ya kwa [[:en:Hazelwood_(Pittsburgh)|Hazelwood]], e ka nako eo e neng e tletse batho ba basweu ba badiri. Kwa legaeng la bone le lesha, ba ne ba kopana le kgethololo ya semorafe. Batho ba ne ba latlhela maje a ditena mo fensetereng ya ntlo ya bone. Moragonyana ba ne ba patelediwa go tswa mo ntlong eo mme ba fudugela kwa legaeng le lengwe.<ref name=":3">Little, Johnathan (2000). [[iarchive:twentiethcentury228whea_0|''Twentieth-Century American Dramatists: Second Series''.]] [[:en:Detroit|Detroit, Michigan]]: Gale. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7876-3137-6|978-0-7876-3137-6]]</bdi>.</ref> Hill District moragonyana e ne ya nna lefelo le ditiragalo tsa bontsi jwa metshameko ya ''Pittsburgh Cycle'' di neng tsa diragalela kwa go lone. Maitemogelo a Wilson a go gola koo, mmogo le seabe se segolo sa mmaagwe mo lelapeng, di ne tsa ama tsela e a neng a kwala metshameko ya gagwe ka yone.<ref>Shannon, Sandra G. (1991). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/44485235 "The Fences They Build: August Wilson's Depiction of African-American Women".] ''Obsidian II''. '''6''' (2): 1–17. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0888-4412 0888-4412]. [[:en:JSTOR_(identifier)|JSTOR]]&#x20;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/44485235 44485235].</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh - IMG 0789.jpg|thumb|letshwao la ditshwantso tsa motshikinyego la [https://web.archive.org/web/20150221232338/http://video.pbs.org/video/2365429059/ Beng ba Amerika, August Wilson: Lefatshe le ke emeng mo go lone, PBS], 1:24:39 <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150221232338/http://video.pbs.org/video/2365429059/ "American Masters, August Wilson: The Ground on Which I Stand"]. [[:en:PBS|PBS]]. February 20, 2012. Archived from [http://video.pbs.org/video/2365429059/ the original] on February 21, 2015. Retrieved May 29, 2015.</ref>]] A godiseditswe mo tumelong ya Kereke ya Katoliki, ka ngwaga wa 1959, Wilson e ne e le mongwe wa baithuti ba le lesome le bonè ba Maaforika a Amerika kwa [[:en:Central_Catholic_High_School_(Pittsburgh,_Pennsylvania)|sekolong se segolwane sa Central Catholic]] ,mme o ne a tlogela sekolo morago ga ngwaga o le mongwe.<ref name=":2" /><ref>Hartigan, Patti (August 3, 2023). [https://www.nytimes.com/2023/08/03/theater/august-wilson-biography-patti-hartigan.html "The Playwright Who Changed the Face of American Theater"]. ''The New York Times''. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331]. Retrieved April 21, 2026.</ref> Morago ga moo, o ne a tsena kwa sekolong se segolwane sa Connelley Vocational , mme a fitlhela gore dithuto tsa teng di ne di se boima mo go ene. Ka ngwaga wa 1960, fa a ne a le mo mophatong wa bolesome, o ne a tlogela sekolo se segolwane sa Gladstone morago ga gore morutabana wa gagwe a mo latofatse ka gore o ne a [[:en:Plagiarism|dirisitse tiro ya motho yo mongwe jaaka ya gagwe]] e e neng e le pampiri ya ditsebe di le masome a mabedi e a neng a e kwadile ka [[:en:Napoleon_I_of_France|Napoleon wa Ntlha wa France]]. Wilson o ne a fitlha tshwetso ya gagwe mo go mmaagwe ka gonne o ne a sa batle go mo swabisa. Fa a ne a le dingwaga di le lesome le borataro, o ne a simolola go dira ditiro tse di sa tlhokeng bokgoni jo bo kgethegileng kwa a ne a kopana le batho ba le bantsi ba ba farologaneng, mme bangwe ba bone ba ne ba nna sekao sa baanelwa bangwe ba a neng a ba tlhama moragonyana, jaaka Sam mo go ''The Janitor'' ka ngwaga wa 1985.<ref name=":3" /> Wilson o ne a dirisa [[:en:Carnegie_Library_of_Pittsburgh|lefelo la dibuka le go bala la Carnegie la Pittsburgh]] thata, mme moragonyana lefelo leo a dibuka ya mo fa setlankana sa tlotlo sa go aloga kwa sekolong se segolwane. Wilson, yo o neng a re o ithutile go bala fa a ne a le dingwaga di le nne, o ne a simolola go bala dibuka tsa bakwadi ba Maaforika a Amerika kwa lefelong la dibuka fa a ne a le dingwaga di le lesome le bobedi a bo a fetsa dingwaga tsotlhe tse di neng tsa latela tsa bolesome a itshedisa ka kitso ka go bala dibuka tsa bakwadi ba ba jaaka [[:en:Ralph_Ellison|Ralph Ellison]], [[:en:Richard_Wright_(author)|Richard Wright]], [[:en:Langston_Hughes|Langston Hughes]], [[:en:Arna_Bontemps|Arna Bontemps]] le ba bangwe.<ref name=":3" /> == Tiro == === Dingwaga tsa bo1960 === Wilson o ne a itse gore o batla go nna mokwadi, mme se se ne sa baka go sa utlwane magareng ga gagwe le mmaagwe, yo o neng a batla gore e nne mmueledi. Mmaagwe o ne a mo pateletsa go tswa mo ntlong ya lelapa, mme ka ngwaga wa 1962 o ne a tsenela Sesole sa United States dingwaga di le tharo mme o ne a ntshiwa mo sesoleng morago ga ngwaga o le mongwe,<ref>[https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/literature-and-arts/american-literature-biographies/august-wilson "August Wilson | Encyclopedia.com".] ''www.encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved January 9, 2024.</ref> mme a boela go dira ditiro tse di farologaneng tse di sa tlhokeng bokgoni jo bo kgethegileng, jaaka go rwala merwalo, go apaya dijo tse di apewang ka bonako, go dira mo tshingwaneng le go tlhatswa dijana. Frederick August Kittel Jr. o ne a fetola leina la gagwe a nna August Wilson go tlotla mmaagwe morago ga loso lwa ga rraagwe ka ngwaga wa 1965. Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a lemoga pina a blues e e neng e opelwa ke [[:en:Bessie_Smith|Bessie Smith]], mme a reka motšhene wa go kwala ditlhaka o o utswilweng ka didolara di le lesome o gantsi a ne a o isa kwa bathong ba ba adimang madi ka dilo tse di tlhwatlhwa fa a tlhoka madi.<ref name=":4">Lyons, Bonnie; George Plimpton (Winter 1999). [http://www.theparisreview.org/interviews/839/the-art-of-theater-no-14-august-wilson "August Wilson, The Art of Theater No. 14".] ''The Paris Review''. Winter 1999 (153).</ref> Fa a ne a le dingwaga di le masome a mabedi, o ne a tsaya tshwetso ya gore o batla go nna mmoki mme a romela mekwalo ya gagwe kwa dimakasineng tse di jaaka ''[[:en:Harper's_Magazine|Harper's]].'' O ne a simolola go kwala mo mabakeng, kwa lebentleleng la disikara la mo lefelong la gae le kwa mafelong a go nwang kofi. O ne a kwala ka seatla mo disalafaneng tsa mo tafoleng le mo dibukeng tse dinnye tsa pampiri e serolwana, a reetsa ka kelotlhoko tsela e batho ba ba mo dikologileng ba neng ba bua ka yone le go ithuta ka baanelwa ba bone. O ne a rata go kwala mo disalafaneng tsa mafelo a go nwang kofi ka gonne, jaaka a ne a tlhalosa, go ne go mo golola mme go mo thusa gore a se ka a ikgathatsa thata ka gore o kwala jang. Morago ga moo, o ne a phutha dintlha tse a neng a di kwadile mme a di kwala kwa gae.<ref name=":2" /> Wilson o ne a na le bokgoni jo bogolo jwa go lemoga le go tshwara dipuo tse di farologaneng le mekgwa e batho ba buang ka yone. O ne a na le kgopolo e e gakgamatsang, mme a e dirisa thata mo tirong ya gagwe. Fa nako e ntse e tsamaya, o ne a ithuta go se tlhakanye puo e a neng a e utlwa ka go e fetola kgotsa go e phimola fa a e tsenya mo mekwalong ya gagwe.<ref name=":4" /> [[Setshwantsho:PittsburghPaAWH2.jpg|thumb|[[:en:August_Wilson_House|Legae la ga Wilson la bongwana]] kwa Mmileng wa Bedford kwa Pittsburgh]] Lentswe la ga [[:en:Malcolm_X|Malcolm X]] le ne la nna le seabe se segolo mo botshelong le mo tirong ya Wilson, jaaka mo go The ''Ground on Which I Stand'' ya ngwaga wa 1996. [[:en:Nation_of_Islam|Setshaba sa Islam]], e khutshwafaditswe go nna NOI, le mokgatlho wa [[:en:Black_Power|Black Power]], tsotlhe di ne di bua le ene ka dilo tse di neng di le botlhokwa, jaaka go kgona go itshetsa, go itshireletsa le go [[:en:Self-determination|ikemisetsa]]. Gape o ne a rata dipolelo tsa kwa tshimologong ya batho le ditso tse [[:en:Elijah_Muhammad|Elijah Muhammad]] a neng a di ema nokeng. Ka ngwaga wa 1969, Wilson o ne a nyala Brenda Burton, yo e neng e le motho wa tumelo ya bo Muslim, mme a simolola go itsalanya le Setshaba sa Islam, le fa go begwa gore ga a ka a fetogela mo tumelong ya yone.<ref>[https://nycreligion.info/allah-broadway-august-wilsons-roots-nation-islam/ "From Allah to Broadway. August Wilson's roots in the Nation of Islam".] ''A Journey through NYC religions''. December 30, 2020. Retrieved October 3, 2022.</ref> Ene Wilson le Brenda ba ne ba nna le morwadi a le mongwe, Sakina Ansari Wilson. Ba ne ba tlhalana ka ngwaga wa 1972.<ref name=":3" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1968, Wilson o ne a tlhoma [[:en:Black_Horizon_Theater|Bobogelo jwa Black Horizon]] mmogo le tsala ya gagwe [[:en:Rob_Penny|Rob Penny]], kwa [[:en:Hill_District_(Pittsburgh)|Kgaolo ya Dithaba ya Pittsburgh]].<ref name=":2" /> Tshameko ya ntlha ya Wilson, ''Recycling'' ''(Tiriso gape)'', e ne ya tshamekiwa fa pele ga batho kwa mafelong a mannye a ditshameko, dikolong le kwa mafelong a baagi ba nnang mo matlong a puso, mme motho o ne a duela disente di le masome a matlhano go tsena. Nngwe ya ditiro tsa gagwe tsa ntlha e ne e bidiwa [[:en:Jitney_(play)|''Jitney'']], e a neng a e baakanya gape morago ga dingwaga di feta masome a mabedi, e le karolo ya tatelano ya ditshameko e le lesome e e buang ka Pittsburgh mo lekgolong la bo20 la dingwaga.<ref name=":3" /> O ne a se na maitemogelo a go tsamaisa tshameko.<ref name=":2" /> O ne a gakologelwa a re: “Mongwe o ne a leba kwa le kwa mme a botsa a re, ‘Ke mang yo o tla tsamaisang tshameko?’ Ka fa are, ‘Ke tla o tsamaisa.’ Ke ne ka rialo ka gonne ke ne ke itse go dirisa lefelo la dibuka. Ka jalo, ke ne ka ya go batla buka e e buang ka tsela ya go tsamaisa tshameko. Ke ne ka bona nngwe e e neng e bidiwa ''The Fundamentals of Play Directing'' ''(Dilo tsa Motheo tsa go Kaela Motshameko)''<ref>Dean, Alexander; Carra, Lawrence (2009). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=4X4UAAAAQBAJ Fundamentals of Play Directing]'' (5th&#x20;ed.). Long Grove, IL: Waveland Press. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-57766-648-6|<bdi>978-1-57766-648-6</bdi>.]]</ref> mme ka e adima.”<ref name=":4" /> === Dingwaga tsa bo1970 === Ka ngwaga wa 1976, Vernell Lillie, yo o neng a tlhomile [[:en:Kuntu_Repertory_Theatre|Bobogelo jwa Kuntu]] kwa [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Mmadikolo wa Pittsburgh]] dingwaga di le pedi pele ga moo, o ne a tsamaisa tshameko ya Wilson e e bidiwang ''The Homecoming'' ''(Go Boela Gae)''. Mo ngwageng oo gape, Wilson o ne a bona tshameko ya [[:en:Athol_Fugard|Athol Fugard]] e e bidiwang [[:en:Sizwe_Banzi_is_Dead|Sizwe Banzi is Dead]], e e neng e tshamekiwa kwa [[:en:Pittsburgh_Public_Theater|Bobogelo jwa Setšhaba jwa Pittsburgh]]. E ne e le lekgetlo la ntlha Wilson a tsena mo tshamekong e e neng e dirilwe ke batshameki ba ba tlhalihileng. Morago ga moo, Wilson, Penny le mmoki Maisha Baton ba ne ba tlhoma Kokoano ya go tlhabana botlhale ya Bakwadi ba Se-Kuntu, e e neng e kopanya bakwadi ba Maaforika a Amerika le go ba thusa gore mekwalo ya bone e gatisiwe le gore ditiro tsa bone di tlhagisiwe. Mekgatlho ka bobedi e sa ntse e dira le gompieno. [[Karolo:Articles with hCards]] s3f866rwrzftvvczbw0do9yzne4oxsg 0 15169 55268 55245 2026-09-22T13:36:09Z VNGao 10152 55268 wikitext text/x-wiki '''[[:en:Michelle_Cliff|Michelle Carla Cliff]]''' (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e tlhola gabed,(ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a mane le borataro mme a tlhokofala ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo ele lesome le bobedi ngwaga wa ketepedi lesome le borataro) ene ele mme wa mokwadi wa letso la [[:en:Jamaican_Americans|Jamaica -Amerika]] yoo tiro ya gagwe e akaretsang [[:en:Abeng_(novel)|''Abeng'']] (sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le botlhano,(1985), [[:en:No_Telephone_to_Heaven|''No Telephone to Heaven'']] (sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le bosupa,(1987), le Free Enterprise (sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le boraro,(1993). Mo godimo ga go kwala dibuka ,Cliff gape one a kwala di [[:en:Short_story|temana khutshwe]], [[:en:Prose_poetry|maboko aa kwadilweng jaaka polelo]], le go [[:en:Literary_criticism|kgala kana go rotloetsa mo go kwaleng le mo go baleng]]. Tiro ya gagwe ene e ganeletse mo go ribololeng mathata kana matshwenyego aa tsamaisanang le [[:en:Identity_(social_science)|goikitse]] ga batho moo go [[:en:Postcolonialism|bakilweng ke nako ya mmuso wa pele wa tlhaolele]], [[:en:Race_(human_categorization)|letso]] le kopakopano ya [[:en:Gender|bong]]. Cliff o tlhalosiwa jaaka [[:en:Bisexuality|motho yoo ratanang le bo mme le borre]], mme ebile [[:en:Multiracial_people|batsadi ba gagwe ba tswa ko mafatsheng a mabedi]] koo anang le boagedi teng ebong [[:en:Jamaican_nationality_law|Jamaica]] le [[:en:Citizenship_of_the_United_States|Amerika]] .Mekwalo ya gagwe e ganeletse mo goiketseng ga [[:en:Caribbean|Caribbean]]. == Botshelo le Dithutego == == Tiro == == Metswedi == pcb44ggmczwgpj9wjdcoefs4nuqbrkp 55269 55268 2026-09-22T13:40:57Z VNGao 10152 55269 wikitext text/x-wiki '''[[:en:Michelle_Cliff|Michelle Carla Cliff]]''' (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e tlhola gabed,(ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a mane le borataro mme a tlhokofala ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo ele lesome le bobedi ngwaga wa ketepedi lesome le borataro) ene ele mme wa mokwadi wa letso la [[:en:Jamaican_Americans|Jamaica -Amerika]] yoo tiro ya gagwe e akaretsang [[:en:Abeng_(novel)|''Abeng'']] (sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le botlhano,(1985), [[:en:No_Telephone_to_Heaven|''No Telephone to Heaven'']] (sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le bosupa,(1987), le Free Enterprise (sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le boraro,(1993). Mo godimo ga go kwala dibuka ,Cliff gape one a kwala di [[:en:Short_story|temana khutshwe]], [[:en:Prose_poetry|maboko aa kwadilweng jaaka polelo]], le go [[:en:Literary_criticism|kgala kana go rotloetsa mo go kwaleng le mo go baleng]]. Tiro ya gagwe ene e ganeletse mo go ribololeng mathata kana matshwenyego aa tsamaisanang le [[:en:Identity_(social_science)|goikitse]] ga batho moo go [[:en:Postcolonialism|bakilweng ke nako ya mmuso wa pele wa tlhaolele]], [[:en:Race_(human_categorization)|letso]] le kopakopano ya [[:en:Gender|bong]]. Cliff o tlhalosiwa jaaka [[:en:Bisexuality|motho yoo ratanang le bo mme le borre]], mme ebile [[:en:Multiracial_people|batsadi ba gagwe ba tswa ko mafatsheng a mabedi]] koo anang le boagedi teng ebong [[:en:Jamaican_nationality_law|Jamaica]] le [[:en:Citizenship_of_the_United_States|Amerika]] .Mekwalo ya gagwe e ganeletse mo goiketseng ga [[:en:Caribbean|Caribbean]].<ref>Knight, Franklin W.; Gates, Henry Louis Jr., eds. (2016). Dictionary of Caribbean and Afro-Latin American Biography. New York. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-19-993579-6|978-0-19-993579-6.]] [[:en:OCLC_(identifier)|OCLC]] [https://search.worldcat.org/title/927363773 927363773]</ref> == Botshelo le Dithutego == == Tiro == == Metswedi == lsi6zxmsrp4li40pivmw456060sgrm8 0 15176 55257 55253 2026-09-22T12:25:57Z KatieKea 10150 /* Mafelo a Mokgatšha wa Makapansgat */ Ke okeditse tlhanolo le metswedi. 55257 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Potgietersrus, South Africa - panoramio (3).jpg|thumb|Potgietersrus, Aforika Borwa]] '''Makapansgat''' ([[/mʌkʌˈpʌnsxʌt/]]) (kgotsa '''Lefelo la Boswa jwa Lefatshe''' la '''Mokgatšha wa Makapan''') ke lefelo la [[boepi jwa bogologolo]] mo gare ga Mekgatšha ya Makapansgat le Zwartkrans, kwa bokonebotlhaba jwa [[Mokopane]] kwa kgaolong ya [[Kgaolo ya Limpopo|Limpopo]], Aforika Borwa. Ke lefelo le le botlhokwa la dilo tsa bogologolo,<ref>C. Michael Hogan, Mark L. Cooke and Helen Murray, ''[http://www.luminatechnologies.org/lumaw.html The Waterberg Biosphere] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070324191043/http://www.luminatechnologies.org/lumaw.html|date=24 March 2007}}'', Lumina Technologies, 22 May 2006.</ref> ka [[ditiro tsa kalaka]] tsa selegae tse di nang le dipeeletso tse di nang le ''[[Australopithecus]]'' tse di simololang dingwaga di le didikadike di le tharo le 2.6 [[BP]]. Mokgatšha otlhe wa Makapan o itsisitswe jaaka [[Lefelo la Boswa jwa Aforika Borwa]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20131112161254/http://www.sahra.org.za/node/19235 "9/2/257/0003 – Makapans Valley and Limeworks at Makapansgat, Potgietersrus District"]. [[:en:South_African_Heritage_Resources_Agency|South African Heritage Resources Agency]]. Archived from [http://www.sahra.org.za/node/19235 the original] on 12 November 2013. Retrieved Lwetse a le masome mabedi le bobedi, 2026.</ref> Makapansgat ke leloko la [[Mogope wa tlholego ya motho (Cradle of Humankind)|Mogope wa tlholego ya motho]]. == Mafelo a Mokgatšha wa Makapansgat == === Ditiro tsa kalaka tsa Makapansgat === [[Setshwantsho:Potgietersrus, South Africa - panoramio (15).jpg|left|thumb|Potgietersrus, South Africa]] Se ke sa bogologolo go gaisa mo mafelong a logaga mo mokgatšheng wa Makapansgat, se se nang le dingwaga tse di fetang dingwaga di le didikadike di le nne go fitlha gongwe dingwaga di le dikadike di le 1.6 tse di fetileng. Lefelo le le ntshitse diketekete tse dintsi tsa marapo a masalela, gareng ga ona go fitlhetswe masalela a setshedi se se tlhomologileng sa ''[[Australopithecus africanus]]''. Masalela a ''A. africanus'' di akanyetswa go nna tsa dingwaga tse di fa gare ga didikadike di le 2.85 le 2.58 tse di fetileng go ikaegilwe ka thuto ya [[makenete ya bogologolo]] ka Andy Herries ([[Yunibesithi ya La Trobe]], Australia).<ref>Herries, Andy I.R.; Hopley, Philip J.; Adams, Justin W.; Curnoe, Darren; Maslin, Mark A. (2010). "Letter to the editor: Geochronology and palaeoenvironments of Southern African hominin-bearing localities-A reply to Wrangham et al., 2009. "Shallow-water habitats as sources of fallback foods for hominins"". ''[[:en:American_Journal_of_Physical_Anthropology|American Journal of Physical Anthropology]]''. '''143''' (4): 640–646. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/ajpa.21389|10.1002/ajpa.21389]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0002-9483 0002-9483]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20872806 20872806].</ref> Lefelo leno le sa tswa go epiwa ke porojeke e e kopanetsweng magareng ga [[Yunibesithi ya Witwatersrand]] mo Aforika Borwa le [[Yunibesithi ya Arizona State]] ya kwa US. === Logaga lwa Dibeso le Logaga lwa Mandible lwa Hyaena === Logaga lwa Hearths lo gaufi le moago wa Logaga lwa Ditso mme lo boloka rekoto e e feletseng e e gakgamatsang ya tiro ya batho go tloga ka dinako tsa "Acheulian" tsa [[Motlha wa Matlapa wa Pele]] mo di-sediments tsa bogologolo go feta go fitlha ka [[Motlha wa Matlapa wa Bogare]], [[Motlha wa Matlapa wa Moragonyana]] le go fitlha kwa [[Motlha wa Tshipi|Motlheng wa Tshipi]].<ref>Latham, A.G.; Herries, A.I.R. (2004). "The formation and sedimentary infilling of the Cave of Hearths and Historic Cave complex, Makapansgat, South Africa". ''Geoarchaeology''. '''19''' (4): 323–342. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004Gearc..19..323L 2004Gearc..19..323L]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/gea.10122|10.1002/gea.10122]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0883-6353 0883-6353].</ref> Dilo tsa Yuropa tsa lekgolo la bolesome le boferabongwe la dingwaga, tse jaaka dijana tsa kopore le [[dibolo tsa musket]] di ne tsa fitlhelwa kwa godimo fa go ne go simololwa go epiwa. Lefelo leno le ne la epiwa gape le go sekasekwa gape jaaka karolo ya 'Porojeke ya Patlisiso ya Makapan Middle Pleistocene' e e neng e tsamaisiwa ke [[Yunibesithi ya Liverpool]] (UK) fa gare ga 1996 le 2001.<ref>Sinclair, Anthony; McNabb, John, eds. (2009). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JQYNAQAAMAAJ The Cave of Hearths: Makapan Middle Pleistocene Research Project: Field Research by Anthony Sinclair and Patrick Quinney], 1996-2001''. Oxford: [[:en:Archaeopress|Archaeopress.]] [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4073-0420-5|978-1-4073-0420-5]]</bdi>.</ref> Tiro e e bontshitse gore lefaufau la sediment tse di mebalabala mo maemong a Motlha wa Letlapa wa Pele ga di tswe mo tirisong ya molelo. Motlhagare wa ''Homo'' le one o o bonweng mo dikarolong tse o ka nna mongwe wa baemedi ba ntlha ba ''[[Homo sapiens]]''.<ref>Curnoe, D. (2009). "The mandible from Bed 3, Cave of Hearths". In Sinclair, Anthony; McNabb, John (eds.). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JQYNAQAAMAAJ The Cave of Hearths: Makapan Middle Pleistocene Research Project: Field Research by Anthony Sinclair and Patrick Quinney], 1996-2001''. Oxford: [[:en:Archaeopress|Archaeopress]]. pp.&#x20;138–149. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4073-0420-5|978-1-4073-0420-5]]</bdi>.</ref> === Logaga lwa Nare === == Metswedi == fgbu63w2ruhx9py2xmranh3cskeg2qw 55262 55257 2026-09-22T12:51:38Z KatieKea 10150 /* Mafelo a Mokgatšha wa Makapansgat */ Ke okeditse tlhanolo le metswedi. 55262 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Potgietersrus, South Africa - panoramio (3).jpg|thumb|Potgietersrus, Aforika Borwa]] '''Makapansgat''' ([[/mʌkʌˈpʌnsxʌt/]]) (kgotsa '''Lefelo la Boswa jwa Lefatshe''' la '''Mokgatšha wa Makapan''') ke lefelo la [[boepi jwa bogologolo]] mo gare ga Mekgatšha ya Makapansgat le Zwartkrans, kwa bokonebotlhaba jwa [[Mokopane]] kwa kgaolong ya [[Kgaolo ya Limpopo|Limpopo]], Aforika Borwa. Ke lefelo le le botlhokwa la dilo tsa bogologolo,<ref>C. Michael Hogan, Mark L. Cooke and Helen Murray, ''[http://www.luminatechnologies.org/lumaw.html The Waterberg Biosphere] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070324191043/http://www.luminatechnologies.org/lumaw.html|date=24 March 2007}}'', Lumina Technologies, 22 May 2006.</ref> ka [[ditiro tsa kalaka]] tsa selegae tse di nang le dipeeletso tse di nang le ''[[Australopithecus]]'' tse di simololang dingwaga di le didikadike di le tharo le 2.6 [[BP]]. Mokgatšha otlhe wa Makapan o itsisitswe jaaka [[Lefelo la Boswa jwa Aforika Borwa]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20131112161254/http://www.sahra.org.za/node/19235 "9/2/257/0003 – Makapans Valley and Limeworks at Makapansgat, Potgietersrus District"]. [[:en:South_African_Heritage_Resources_Agency|South African Heritage Resources Agency]]. Archived from [http://www.sahra.org.za/node/19235 the original] on 12 November 2013. Retrieved Lwetse a le masome mabedi le bobedi, 2026.</ref> Makapansgat ke leloko la [[Mogope wa tlholego ya motho (Cradle of Humankind)|Mogope wa tlholego ya motho]]. == Mafelo a Mokgatšha wa Makapansgat == === Ditiro tsa kalaka tsa Makapansgat === [[Setshwantsho:Potgietersrus, South Africa - panoramio (15).jpg|left|thumb|Potgietersrus, South Africa]] Se ke sa bogologolo go gaisa mo mafelong a logaga mo mokgatšheng wa Makapansgat, se se nang le dingwaga tse di fetang dingwaga di le didikadike di le nne go fitlha gongwe dingwaga di le dikadike di le 1.6 tse di fetileng. Lefelo le le ntshitse diketekete tse dintsi tsa marapo a masalela, gareng ga ona go fitlhetswe masalela a setshedi se se tlhomologileng sa ''[[Australopithecus africanus]]''. Masalela a ''A. africanus'' di akanyetswa go nna tsa dingwaga tse di fa gare ga didikadike di le 2.85 le 2.58 tse di fetileng go ikaegilwe ka thuto ya [[makenete ya bogologolo]] ka Andy Herries ([[Yunibesithi ya La Trobe]], Australia).<ref>Herries, Andy I.R.; Hopley, Philip J.; Adams, Justin W.; Curnoe, Darren; Maslin, Mark A. (2010). "Letter to the editor: Geochronology and palaeoenvironments of Southern African hominin-bearing localities-A reply to Wrangham et al., 2009. "Shallow-water habitats as sources of fallback foods for hominins"". ''[[:en:American_Journal_of_Physical_Anthropology|American Journal of Physical Anthropology]]''. '''143''' (4): 640–646. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/ajpa.21389|10.1002/ajpa.21389]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0002-9483 0002-9483]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20872806 20872806].</ref> Lefelo leno le sa tswa go epiwa ke porojeke e e kopanetsweng magareng ga [[Yunibesithi ya Witwatersrand]] mo Aforika Borwa le [[Yunibesithi ya Arizona State]] ya kwa US. === Logaga lwa Dibeso le Logaga lwa Motlhagare wa Hyaena === [[Setshwantsho:Potgietersrus, South Africa - panoramio (7).jpg|left|thumb|Potgietersrus, South Africa]] Logaga lwa Hearths lo gaufi le moago wa Logaga lwa Ditso mme lo boloka rekoto e e feletseng e e gakgamatsang ya tiro ya batho go tloga ka dinako tsa "Acheulian" tsa [[Motlha wa Matlapa wa Pele]] mo di-sediments tsa bogologolo go feta go fitlha ka [[Motlha wa Matlapa wa Bogare]], [[Motlha wa Matlapa wa Moragonyana]] le go fitlha kwa [[Motlha wa Tshipi|Motlheng wa Tshipi]].<ref>Latham, A.G.; Herries, A.I.R. (2004). "The formation and sedimentary infilling of the Cave of Hearths and Historic Cave complex, Makapansgat, South Africa". ''Geoarchaeology''. '''19''' (4): 323–342. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004Gearc..19..323L 2004Gearc..19..323L]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/gea.10122|10.1002/gea.10122]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0883-6353 0883-6353].</ref> Dilo tsa Yuropa tsa lekgolo la bolesome le boferabongwe la dingwaga, tse jaaka dijana tsa kopore le [[dibolo tsa musket]] di ne tsa fitlhelwa kwa godimo fa go ne go simololwa go epiwa. Lefelo leno le ne la epiwa gape le go sekasekwa gape jaaka karolo ya 'Porojeke ya Patlisiso ya Makapan Middle Pleistocene' e e neng e tsamaisiwa ke [[Yunibesithi ya Liverpool]] (UK) fa gare ga 1996 le 2001.<ref>Sinclair, Anthony; McNabb, John, eds. (2009). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JQYNAQAAMAAJ The Cave of Hearths: Makapan Middle Pleistocene Research Project: Field Research by Anthony Sinclair and Patrick Quinney], 1996-2001''. Oxford: [[:en:Archaeopress|Archaeopress.]] [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4073-0420-5|978-1-4073-0420-5]]</bdi>.</ref> Tiro e e bontshitse gore lefaufau la sediment tse di mebalabala mo maemong a Motlha wa Letlapa wa Pele ga di tswe mo tirisong ya molelo. Motlhagare wa ''Homo'' le one o o bonweng mo dikarolong tse o ka nna mongwe wa baemedi ba ntlha ba ''[[Homo sapiens]]''.<ref>Curnoe, D. (2009). "The mandible from Bed 3, Cave of Hearths". In Sinclair, Anthony; McNabb, John (eds.). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JQYNAQAAMAAJ The Cave of Hearths: Makapan Middle Pleistocene Research Project: Field Research by Anthony Sinclair and Patrick Quinney], 1996-2001''. Oxford: [[:en:Archaeopress|Archaeopress]]. pp.&#x20;138–149. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4073-0420-5|978-1-4073-0420-5]]</bdi>.</ref> === Logaga lwa Nare === Palo e nnye ya masalela a ne a akanngwa gore e ne ya kokoanngwa ke Ngaka Robert Broom go tswa mo lefelong leno ka 1937, go akaretsa masalela a ‘nare ya lemponyemponye’ e e nyeletseng, ''[[Bos makapania]]'', e logaga lo bidiwang ka yone.<ref name=":1">Herries, A.I.R.; et&#x20;al. (2006). [http://www.archaeomagnetism.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/Herries-Andy-I.R.-et-al-2006-b.pdf "Speleology and magnetobiostratigraphic chronology of the Buffalo Cave fossil site, Makapansgat, South Africa"] (PDF). ''Quaternary Research''. '''66''' (2): 233–245. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006QuRes..66..233H 2006QuRes..66..233H]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.yqres.2006.03.006|10.1016/j.yqres.2006.03.006]].</ref> Dipatlisiso tsa sešhweng di senotse diphologolo tse di tseneletseng tsa ‘[[Cornelian]] Land Mammal Age’ tse di akaretsang ditshephe, dipitse, dikolobe, ditshwene le diphologolo tse di jang nama. Diphologolo, mmogo le diphopholetso tsa dingwaga tsa bogologolo tse di dirilweng ke Andy Herries (Yunibesithi ya La Trobe, Australia) di akantsha dingwaga tse di fa gare ga dingwaga di le dikete tse makgolo a ferabongwe le masome a ferabongwe le dikete tse makgolo a supa le masome a ferabobedi tsa dikarolo tse dikgolo tse di nang le masalela a dilo tse di epolotsweng.<ref name=":1" /> Dipeeletso tsa basal [[flowstone]] di fopholediwa go boela morago kwa dingwageng di ka nna didikadike tse pedi mme di bontsha bosupi jwa tshimologo ya '[[go dikologa ga Walker]]' dingwaga di ka nna didikadike di le 1.7 tse di fetileng.<ref>Hopley, Philip J.; Weedon, Graham P.; Marshall, Jim D.; Herries, Andy I.R.; Latham, Alf G.; Kuykendall, Kevin L. (2007). "High- and low-latitude orbital forcing of early hominin habitats in South Africa". ''[[:en:Earth_and_Planetary_Science_Letters|Earth and Planetary Science Letters]]''. '''256''' (3–4): 419–432. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007E&PSL.256..419H 2007E&#x26;PSL.256..419H]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2007.01.031|10.1016/j.epsl.2007.01.031]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0012-821X 0012-821X].</ref> === Logaga lwa Ficus le Lefelo la Motlha wa Tshipi === Logaga lo tsere leina la lone go tswa mo meding ya setlhare sa feie sa ''[[Ficus ingens]]'' e e thibelang kgoro ya lone. Logaga lono lo na le masalela a Iron Age le a lekgolo la bolesome le boferabongwe la dingwaga, koloni e kgolo ya bommamathwane le letsha le le ka fa tlase ga lefatshe. Lefelo la Motlha wa Tshipi le le gaufi le ntsha matlakala a bonno go tswa mo e ka nnang Motlha wa Tshipi wa Pele (550 AD), 870 AD le Motlha wa Tshipi wa Morago (1560 AD). Dithaba tse di bapileng le logaga di na le dithaba tsa maitirelo mme diphitlhelelo tsa baepi ba bogologolo go tswa mo go tseno di akaretsa dikarolwana tsa dipitsa, matlapa a go sila, matlapa a hamole le masalela a ditiro tsa go nyerolosa tshipi, go akaretsa tshipi, slag le dikarolwana tsa [[tuyeres]]. === Logaga lwa Pepere === Logaga lono lo na le masalela a Iron Age le a bogologolo le letsha le le ka fa tlase ga lefatshe. Gape ke legae la setlhopha se segolo sa bommamathwane ba ba fudugang ba ba nang le menwana e meleele, e leng ''[[Miniopterus schreibersii]]''. === Logaga lwa Motshewabadimo === Logaga lono lo ka fa tlase fela ga Logaga lwa Ditso mme lo na le mo go akanyetswang fa e le masalela a leiso , se se akantshang gore batho ba ne ba nna mo go lone le tiriso e e laolwang ya molelo. Dikgogodi tse di senotsweng di ntshitse dilo tsa botaki tsa Motlha wa Letlapa la Bogare tsa Setso sa Pietersburg sa dingwaga tse di fa gare ga dikete tse lekgolo le dikete tse makgolo a matlhano tse di fetileng. Dithutopatlisiso tsa sesheng di bontshitse gore dipono tse di mmala tse ga se maiso mme go ka direga thata gore e nne dipeeletso tsa letangwana la bogologolo.<ref>Herries, A.I.R.; Latham, A.G. (2009). "Chapter 5: Archaeomagnetic studies at the Cave of Hearths". In Sinclair, Anthony; McNabb, John (eds.). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JQYNAQAAMAAJ The Cave of Hearths: Makapan middle pleistocene research project : field research by Anthony Sinclair and Patrick Quinney, 1996-2001]''. Oxford: [[:en:Archaeopress|Archaeopress]]. pp.&#x20;59–64. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4073-0420-5|978-1-4073-0420-5]]</bdi>.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Potgietersrus, South Africa - panoramio (2).jpg|thumb|Mokgatsha wa Makapan]] === Logaga lwa Ditso kgotsa Makapansgat === == Metswedi == qs1vgj94e8rnwn8x3x525vi2wx2legw 55264 55262 2026-09-22T13:20:25Z KatieKea 10150 Ke okeditse tlhanolo le metswedi. 55264 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Potgietersrus, South Africa - panoramio (3).jpg|thumb|Potgietersrus, Aforika Borwa]] '''Makapansgat''' ([[/mʌkʌˈpʌnsxʌt/]]) (kgotsa '''Lefelo la Boswa jwa Lefatshe''' la '''Mokgatšha wa Makapan''') ke lefelo la [[boepi jwa bogologolo]] mo gare ga Mekgatšha ya Makapansgat le Zwartkrans, kwa bokonebotlhaba jwa [[Mokopane]] kwa kgaolong ya [[Kgaolo ya Limpopo|Limpopo]], Aforika Borwa. Ke lefelo le le botlhokwa la dilo tsa bogologolo,<ref>C. Michael Hogan, Mark L. Cooke and Helen Murray, ''[http://www.luminatechnologies.org/lumaw.html The Waterberg Biosphere] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070324191043/http://www.luminatechnologies.org/lumaw.html|date=24 March 2007}}'', Lumina Technologies, 22 May 2006.</ref> ka [[ditiro tsa kalaka]] tsa selegae tse di nang le dipeeletso tse di nang le ''[[Australopithecus]]'' tse di simololang dingwaga di le didikadike di le tharo le 2.6 [[BP]]. Mokgatšha otlhe wa Makapan o itsisitswe jaaka [[Lefelo la Boswa jwa Aforika Borwa]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20131112161254/http://www.sahra.org.za/node/19235 "9/2/257/0003 – Makapans Valley and Limeworks at Makapansgat, Potgietersrus District"]. [[:en:South_African_Heritage_Resources_Agency|South African Heritage Resources Agency]]. Archived from [http://www.sahra.org.za/node/19235 the original] on 12 November 2013. Retrieved Lwetse a le masome mabedi le bobedi, 2026.</ref> Makapansgat ke leloko la [[Mogope wa tlholego ya motho (Cradle of Humankind)|Mogope wa tlholego ya motho]]. == Mafelo a Mokgatšha wa Makapansgat == === Ditiro tsa kalaka tsa Makapansgat === [[Setshwantsho:Potgietersrus, South Africa - panoramio (15).jpg|left|thumb|Potgietersrus, South Africa]] Se ke sa bogologolo go gaisa mo mafelong a logaga mo mokgatšheng wa Makapansgat, se se nang le dingwaga tse di fetang dingwaga di le didikadike di le nne go fitlha gongwe dingwaga di le dikadike di le 1.6 tse di fetileng. Lefelo le le ntshitse diketekete tse dintsi tsa marapo a masalela, gareng ga ona go fitlhetswe masalela a setshedi se se tlhomologileng sa ''[[Australopithecus africanus]]''. Masalela a ''A. africanus'' di akanyetswa go nna tsa dingwaga tse di fa gare ga didikadike di le 2.85 le 2.58 tse di fetileng go ikaegilwe ka thuto ya [[makenete ya bogologolo]] ka Andy Herries ([[Yunibesithi ya La Trobe]], Australia).<ref>Herries, Andy I.R.; Hopley, Philip J.; Adams, Justin W.; Curnoe, Darren; Maslin, Mark A. (2010). "Letter to the editor: Geochronology and palaeoenvironments of Southern African hominin-bearing localities-A reply to Wrangham et al., 2009. "Shallow-water habitats as sources of fallback foods for hominins"". ''[[:en:American_Journal_of_Physical_Anthropology|American Journal of Physical Anthropology]]''. '''143''' (4): 640–646. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/ajpa.21389|10.1002/ajpa.21389]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0002-9483 0002-9483]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20872806 20872806].</ref> Lefelo leno le sa tswa go epiwa ke porojeke e e kopanetsweng magareng ga [[Yunibesithi ya Witwatersrand]] mo Aforika Borwa le [[Yunibesithi ya Arizona State]] ya kwa US. === Logaga lwa Dibeso le Logaga lwa Motlhagare wa Hyaena === [[Setshwantsho:Potgietersrus, South Africa - panoramio (7).jpg|left|thumb|Potgietersrus, South Africa]] Logaga lwa Hearths lo gaufi le moago wa Logaga lwa Ditso mme lo boloka rekoto e e feletseng e e gakgamatsang ya tiro ya batho go tloga ka dinako tsa "Acheulian" tsa [[Motlha wa Matlapa wa Pele]] mo di-sediments tsa bogologolo go feta go fitlha ka [[Motlha wa Matlapa wa Bogare]], [[Motlha wa Matlapa wa Moragonyana]] le go fitlha kwa [[Motlha wa Tshipi|Motlheng wa Tshipi]].<ref>Latham, A.G.; Herries, A.I.R. (2004). "The formation and sedimentary infilling of the Cave of Hearths and Historic Cave complex, Makapansgat, South Africa". ''Geoarchaeology''. '''19''' (4): 323–342. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004Gearc..19..323L 2004Gearc..19..323L]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/gea.10122|10.1002/gea.10122]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0883-6353 0883-6353].</ref> Dilo tsa Yuropa tsa lekgolo la bolesome le boferabongwe la dingwaga, tse jaaka dijana tsa kopore le [[dibolo tsa musket]] di ne tsa fitlhelwa kwa godimo fa go ne go simololwa go epiwa. Lefelo leno le ne la epiwa gape le go sekasekwa gape jaaka karolo ya 'Porojeke ya Patlisiso ya Makapan Middle Pleistocene' e e neng e tsamaisiwa ke [[Yunibesithi ya Liverpool]] (UK) fa gare ga 1996 le 2001.<ref>Sinclair, Anthony; McNabb, John, eds. (2009). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JQYNAQAAMAAJ The Cave of Hearths: Makapan Middle Pleistocene Research Project: Field Research by Anthony Sinclair and Patrick Quinney], 1996-2001''. Oxford: [[:en:Archaeopress|Archaeopress.]] [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4073-0420-5|978-1-4073-0420-5]]</bdi>.</ref> Tiro e e bontshitse gore lefaufau la sediment tse di mebalabala mo maemong a Motlha wa Letlapa wa Pele ga di tswe mo tirisong ya molelo. Motlhagare wa ''Homo'' le one o o bonweng mo dikarolong tse o ka nna mongwe wa baemedi ba ntlha ba ''[[Homo sapiens]]''.<ref>Curnoe, D. (2009). "The mandible from Bed 3, Cave of Hearths". In Sinclair, Anthony; McNabb, John (eds.). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JQYNAQAAMAAJ The Cave of Hearths: Makapan Middle Pleistocene Research Project: Field Research by Anthony Sinclair and Patrick Quinney], 1996-2001''. Oxford: [[:en:Archaeopress|Archaeopress]]. pp.&#x20;138–149. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4073-0420-5|978-1-4073-0420-5]]</bdi>.</ref> === Logaga lwa Nare === Palo e nnye ya masalela a ne a akanngwa gore e ne ya kokoanngwa ke Ngaka Robert Broom go tswa mo lefelong leno ka 1937, go akaretsa masalela a ‘nare ya lemponyemponye’ e e nyeletseng, ''[[Bos makapania]]'', e logaga lo bidiwang ka yone.<ref name=":1">Herries, A.I.R.; et&#x20;al. (2006). [http://www.archaeomagnetism.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/Herries-Andy-I.R.-et-al-2006-b.pdf "Speleology and magnetobiostratigraphic chronology of the Buffalo Cave fossil site, Makapansgat, South Africa"] (PDF). ''Quaternary Research''. '''66''' (2): 233–245. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006QuRes..66..233H 2006QuRes..66..233H]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.yqres.2006.03.006|10.1016/j.yqres.2006.03.006]].</ref> Dipatlisiso tsa sešhweng di senotse diphologolo tse di tseneletseng tsa ‘[[Cornelian]] Land Mammal Age’ tse di akaretsang ditshephe, dipitse, dikolobe, ditshwene le diphologolo tse di jang nama. Diphologolo, mmogo le diphopholetso tsa dingwaga tsa bogologolo tse di dirilweng ke Andy Herries (Yunibesithi ya La Trobe, Australia) di akantsha dingwaga tse di fa gare ga dingwaga di le dikete tse makgolo a ferabongwe le masome a ferabongwe le dikete tse makgolo a supa le masome a ferabobedi tsa dikarolo tse dikgolo tse di nang le masalela a dilo tse di epolotsweng.<ref name=":1" /> Dipeeletso tsa basal [[flowstone]] di fopholediwa go boela morago kwa dingwageng di ka nna didikadike tse pedi mme di bontsha bosupi jwa tshimologo ya '[[go dikologa ga Walker]]' dingwaga di ka nna didikadike di le 1.7 tse di fetileng.<ref>Hopley, Philip J.; Weedon, Graham P.; Marshall, Jim D.; Herries, Andy I.R.; Latham, Alf G.; Kuykendall, Kevin L. (2007). "High- and low-latitude orbital forcing of early hominin habitats in South Africa". ''[[:en:Earth_and_Planetary_Science_Letters|Earth and Planetary Science Letters]]''. '''256''' (3–4): 419–432. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007E&PSL.256..419H 2007E&#x26;PSL.256..419H]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2007.01.031|10.1016/j.epsl.2007.01.031]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0012-821X 0012-821X].</ref> === Logaga lwa Ficus le Lefelo la Motlha wa Tshipi === Logaga lo tsere leina la lone go tswa mo meding ya setlhare sa feie sa ''[[Ficus ingens]]'' e e thibelang kgoro ya lone. Logaga lono lo na le masalela a Iron Age le a lekgolo la bolesome le boferabongwe la dingwaga, koloni e kgolo ya bommamathwane le letsha le le ka fa tlase ga lefatshe. Lefelo la Motlha wa Tshipi le le gaufi le ntsha matlakala a bonno go tswa mo e ka nnang Motlha wa Tshipi wa Pele (550 AD), 870 AD le Motlha wa Tshipi wa Morago (1560 AD). Dithaba tse di bapileng le logaga di na le dithaba tsa maitirelo mme diphitlhelelo tsa baepi ba bogologolo go tswa mo go tseno di akaretsa dikarolwana tsa dipitsa, matlapa a go sila, matlapa a hamole le masalela a ditiro tsa go nyerolosa tshipi, go akaretsa tshipi, slag le dikarolwana tsa [[tuyeres]]. === Logaga lwa Pepere === Logaga lono lo na le masalela a Iron Age le a bogologolo le letsha le le ka fa tlase ga lefatshe. Gape ke legae la setlhopha se segolo sa bommamathwane ba ba fudugang ba ba nang le menwana e meleele, e leng ''[[Miniopterus schreibersii]]''. === Logaga lwa Motshewabadimo === Logaga lono lo ka fa tlase fela ga Logaga lwa Ditso mme lo na le mo go akanyetswang fa e le masalela a leiso , se se akantshang gore batho ba ne ba nna mo go lone le tiriso e e laolwang ya molelo. Dikgogodi tse di senotsweng di ntshitse dilo tsa botaki tsa Motlha wa Letlapa la Bogare tsa Setso sa Pietersburg sa dingwaga tse di fa gare ga dikete tse lekgolo le dikete tse makgolo a matlhano tse di fetileng. Dithutopatlisiso tsa sesheng di bontshitse gore dipono tse di mmala tse ga se maiso mme go ka direga thata gore e nne dipeeletso tsa letangwana la bogologolo.<ref>Herries, A.I.R.; Latham, A.G. (2009). "Chapter 5: Archaeomagnetic studies at the Cave of Hearths". In Sinclair, Anthony; McNabb, John (eds.). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JQYNAQAAMAAJ The Cave of Hearths: Makapan middle pleistocene research project : field research by Anthony Sinclair and Patrick Quinney, 1996-2001]''. Oxford: [[:en:Archaeopress|Archaeopress]]. pp.&#x20;59–64. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4073-0420-5|978-1-4073-0420-5]]</bdi>.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Potgietersrus, South Africa - panoramio (2).jpg|thumb|Mokgatsha wa Makapan]] === Logaga lwa Ditso kgotsa Makapansgat === Lefelo le le bapile fela le Logaga lwa Leiso, mme le boloka masalela a Iron Age le a [[Mfecane]]. E tumile thata jaaka thulano magareng ga [[Commando ya Maburu|Sesole sa Maburu]] le batho ba selegae ba Langa le Kekana morago ga dipolao tsa [[Voortrekkers]] kwa Moorddrift, Mapela le Pruizen. [[Kgosi Makapan]] (Mokopane), mmogo le palo e kgolo ya batho ba morafe wa gagwe le dikgomo tsa bone ba ne ba dikaganyediwa mo logageng mo e ka nnang kgwedi fa gare ga Phalane a le malatsi a masome a mabedi le botlhano le Ngwanatsele a le malatsi a masome a mabedi le motso ka 1854, ka nako eo makgolokgolo a le mantsi a ne a bolawa ke tlala le lenyora.<ref>Le Roux, Andreas; Cain, Chester; Badenhorst, Shaw; Esterhuysen, Amanda (2013). "Faunal Remains from the 1854 Siege of Mugombane, Makapans Valley, South Africa". ''[[:en:Journal_of_African_Archaeology|Journal of African Archaeology]]''. '''11''' (1): 97–110. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.3213/2191-5784-10229|10.3213/2191-5784-10229]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1612-1651 1612-1651].</ref> [[Piet Potgieter]] o ne a thuntshiwa ka nako ya go dikaganyediwa mme leina la toropo e e gaufi le ne la fetolwa go tswa go [[Vredenburg]] go nna ‘Pieter Potgietersrust’, le moragonyana le neng la fetoga go nna ‘Potgietersrus’. Go tloga ka tshimologo ya ngwagakgolo wa bo masome mabedi le motso (c. tshimologo ya dingwaga tsa bo 2000), morago ga phetogo go tswa mo pusong ya [[Tlhaolele]] go ya kwa pusong ya bontsi, go nnile le tlwaelo ya go fetola ditheo di le mmalwa tsa puso ya bosetšhaba le ya dikgaolo (go akaretsa ditheo tsa thuto), ditsela, mafaratlhatlha a setšhaba, ditoropo, ditoropokgolo, jalojalo. Ka jalo, toropo e ne ya fetolelwa gape kwa go [[Mokopane]], go tlotlomatsa Kgosi Mokopane. Logaga lono lo ne lwa itsisiwe jaaka Sefikantswe sa Bosetšhaba ka 1936. === Logaga lwa Mowa o o Tsididi === Ditshekatsheko tsa isotope tse di tlhomameng tsa stalagmite e e nang le letlha la motseletsele wa uranium go tswa kwa Cold Air Cave di ne tsa tlamela ka rekoto ya diphetogo tsa seemo sa loapi tsa dipaka tsa dingwaga di le dikete tse nne le makgolo a mane go ya go dikete tse nne le dingwaga di ka nna makgolo a ferabobedi tse di fetileng go fitlha gompieno. === Logaga lwa Gutentight === Logaga lono lo ne lwa bonwa le go tlhotlhomisiwa ka ngwaga wa 2000 ke A. Herries, A. Latham le W. Murzel. Fa logaga lo sena go thuba dipitlagano di le mmalwa tse di gagametseng, logaga lo ne lwa bulega lwa nna phaposi e kgolo. Bodilo jwa kamore bo ne bo tletse ka dibeso. Mokwalo o o mo leboteng la logaga o ne o le wa lekgolo la bolesome le boferabongwe la dingwaga mme o ne o supa gore kgoro ya pele ya logaga e ne e phutlhame mme ya tswala leroba morago ga letlha leno. === Logaga lwa Murzel === Logaga lono lo ne lwa bonwa le go sekasekwa ka 1998 ke A. Herries le A. Latham. Go epa go tswa mo kgorong go ne ga dira gore go tlhatloge le go kgabaganya go ya kwa tlase go tsena mo motseletseleng wa diphaposi tse di kgabisitsweng tse di kwa tlase.<ref>Herries, A.I.R., Latham, A.G., 1999. New caves in the Makapansgat area of the Northern Province of South Africa. Caves and Caving. 85, 18–19.</ref> === Logaga lwa ga Katzenjammer kgotsa Khuti ya ga Herries === Logaga lwa Katzenjammer lo bapile le Logaga lwa Peppercorn. Phatlha ya kgoro e isa kwa tlase kwa tlhatlogong e tshesane le kgoro ya mafaratlhatlha a ditsela tse di mo maemong a a tshwanang le mafelo a a kgakala a Logaga lwa Peppercorn. Phatlha ya kgoro e bopilwe ke go phutlhama ga dipeeletso tse di nang le masalela a dilo tse di epolotsweng (go akaretsa Giant Dasie) go tsena mo thulaganyong e e kwa tlase ya logaga lwa segompieno, Logaga lwa Katzenjammer. Lefelo la Phatlha ya kgoro le dipeeletso tsa masalela a dilo tse di epolotsweng di ne tsa bidiwa mmogo Herries’ Hole ke Porojeke ya Patlisiso ya Pleistocene ya Bogare ya Makapan. == Ditso tsa diphitlhelelo kwa Mokgatšheng wa Makapansgat == [[Setshwantsho:Makapansgat pebble.webp|thumb|''[[Makapansgat Pebble]]'', ‘sefatlhego’ se se bopilweng ka tlhago se se tsenngwang mo logageng magareng ga dingwaga di le didikadike di le 4.1 le 2.1 tse di fetileng.]] == Metswedi == jlozeypml75uvrx1n90bxxeg9n96dlj 55271 55264 2026-09-22T13:57:06Z KatieKea 10150 /* Ditso tsa diphitlhelelo kwa Mokgatšheng wa Makapansgat */ Ke okeditse tlhanolo le go tsenya dikarolo le metswedi. 55271 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Potgietersrus, South Africa - panoramio (3).jpg|thumb|Potgietersrus, Aforika Borwa]] '''Makapansgat''' ([[/mʌkʌˈpʌnsxʌt/]]) (kgotsa '''Lefelo la Boswa jwa Lefatshe''' la '''Mokgatšha wa Makapan''') ke lefelo la [[boepi jwa bogologolo]] mo gare ga Mekgatšha ya Makapansgat le Zwartkrans, kwa bokonebotlhaba jwa [[Mokopane]] kwa kgaolong ya [[Kgaolo ya Limpopo|Limpopo]], Aforika Borwa. Ke lefelo le le botlhokwa la dilo tsa bogologolo,<ref>C. Michael Hogan, Mark L. Cooke and Helen Murray, ''[http://www.luminatechnologies.org/lumaw.html The Waterberg Biosphere] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070324191043/http://www.luminatechnologies.org/lumaw.html|date=24 March 2007}}'', Lumina Technologies, 22 May 2006.</ref> ka [[ditiro tsa kalaka]] tsa selegae tse di nang le dipeeletso tse di nang le ''[[Australopithecus]]'' tse di simololang dingwaga di le didikadike di le tharo le 2.6 [[BP]]. Mokgatšha otlhe wa Makapan o itsisitswe jaaka [[Lefelo la Boswa jwa Aforika Borwa]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20131112161254/http://www.sahra.org.za/node/19235 "9/2/257/0003 – Makapans Valley and Limeworks at Makapansgat, Potgietersrus District"]. [[:en:South_African_Heritage_Resources_Agency|South African Heritage Resources Agency]]. Archived from [http://www.sahra.org.za/node/19235 the original] on 12 November 2013. Retrieved Lwetse a le masome mabedi le bobedi, 2026.</ref> Makapansgat ke leloko la [[Mogope wa tlholego ya motho (Cradle of Humankind)|Mogope wa tlholego ya motho]]. == Mafelo a Mokgatšha wa Makapansgat == === Ditiro tsa kalaka tsa Makapansgat === [[Setshwantsho:Potgietersrus, South Africa - panoramio (15).jpg|left|thumb|Potgietersrus, South Africa]] Se ke sa bogologolo go gaisa mo mafelong a logaga mo mokgatšheng wa Makapansgat, se se nang le dingwaga tse di fetang dingwaga di le didikadike di le nne go fitlha gongwe dingwaga di le dikadike di le 1.6 tse di fetileng. Lefelo le le ntshitse diketekete tse dintsi tsa marapo a masalela, gareng ga ona go fitlhetswe masalela a setshedi se se tlhomologileng sa ''[[Australopithecus africanus]]''. Masalela a ''A. africanus'' di akanyetswa go nna tsa dingwaga tse di fa gare ga didikadike di le 2.85 le 2.58 tse di fetileng go ikaegilwe ka thuto ya [[makenete ya bogologolo]] ka Andy Herries ([[Yunibesithi ya La Trobe]], Australia).<ref>Herries, Andy I.R.; Hopley, Philip J.; Adams, Justin W.; Curnoe, Darren; Maslin, Mark A. (2010). "Letter to the editor: Geochronology and palaeoenvironments of Southern African hominin-bearing localities-A reply to Wrangham et al., 2009. "Shallow-water habitats as sources of fallback foods for hominins"". ''[[:en:American_Journal_of_Physical_Anthropology|American Journal of Physical Anthropology]]''. '''143''' (4): 640–646. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/ajpa.21389|10.1002/ajpa.21389]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0002-9483 0002-9483]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]]&#x20;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20872806 20872806].</ref> Lefelo leno le sa tswa go epiwa ke porojeke e e kopanetsweng magareng ga [[Yunibesithi ya Witwatersrand]] mo Aforika Borwa le [[Yunibesithi ya Arizona State]] ya kwa US. === Logaga lwa Dibeso le Logaga lwa Motlhagare wa Hyaena === [[Setshwantsho:Potgietersrus, South Africa - panoramio (7).jpg|left|thumb|Potgietersrus, South Africa]] Logaga lwa Hearths lo gaufi le moago wa Logaga lwa Ditso mme lo boloka rekoto e e feletseng e e gakgamatsang ya tiro ya batho go tloga ka dinako tsa "Acheulian" tsa [[Motlha wa Matlapa wa Pele]] mo di-sediments tsa bogologolo go feta go fitlha ka [[Motlha wa Matlapa wa Bogare]], [[Motlha wa Matlapa wa Moragonyana]] le go fitlha kwa [[Motlha wa Tshipi|Motlheng wa Tshipi]].<ref>Latham, A.G.; Herries, A.I.R. (2004). "The formation and sedimentary infilling of the Cave of Hearths and Historic Cave complex, Makapansgat, South Africa". ''Geoarchaeology''. '''19''' (4): 323–342. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004Gearc..19..323L 2004Gearc..19..323L]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/gea.10122|10.1002/gea.10122]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0883-6353 0883-6353].</ref> Dilo tsa Yuropa tsa lekgolo la bolesome le boferabongwe la dingwaga, tse jaaka dijana tsa kopore le [[dibolo tsa musket]] di ne tsa fitlhelwa kwa godimo fa go ne go simololwa go epiwa. Lefelo leno le ne la epiwa gape le go sekasekwa gape jaaka karolo ya 'Porojeke ya Patlisiso ya Makapan Middle Pleistocene' e e neng e tsamaisiwa ke [[Yunibesithi ya Liverpool]] (UK) fa gare ga 1996 le 2001.<ref>Sinclair, Anthony; McNabb, John, eds. (2009). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JQYNAQAAMAAJ The Cave of Hearths: Makapan Middle Pleistocene Research Project: Field Research by Anthony Sinclair and Patrick Quinney], 1996-2001''. Oxford: [[:en:Archaeopress|Archaeopress.]] [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4073-0420-5|978-1-4073-0420-5]]</bdi>.</ref> Tiro e e bontshitse gore lefaufau la sediment tse di mebalabala mo maemong a Motlha wa Letlapa wa Pele ga di tswe mo tirisong ya molelo. Motlhagare wa ''Homo'' le one o o bonweng mo dikarolong tse o ka nna mongwe wa baemedi ba ntlha ba ''[[Homo sapiens]]''.<ref>Curnoe, D. (2009). "The mandible from Bed 3, Cave of Hearths". In Sinclair, Anthony; McNabb, John (eds.). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JQYNAQAAMAAJ The Cave of Hearths: Makapan Middle Pleistocene Research Project: Field Research by Anthony Sinclair and Patrick Quinney], 1996-2001''. Oxford: [[:en:Archaeopress|Archaeopress]]. pp.&#x20;138–149. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4073-0420-5|978-1-4073-0420-5]]</bdi>.</ref> === Logaga lwa Nare === Palo e nnye ya masalela a ne a akanngwa gore e ne ya kokoanngwa ke Ngaka Robert Broom go tswa mo lefelong leno ka 1937, go akaretsa masalela a ‘nare ya lemponyemponye’ e e nyeletseng, ''[[Bos makapania]]'', e logaga lo bidiwang ka yone.<ref name=":1">Herries, A.I.R.; et&#x20;al. (2006). [http://www.archaeomagnetism.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/Herries-Andy-I.R.-et-al-2006-b.pdf "Speleology and magnetobiostratigraphic chronology of the Buffalo Cave fossil site, Makapansgat, South Africa"] (PDF). ''Quaternary Research''. '''66''' (2): 233–245. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006QuRes..66..233H 2006QuRes..66..233H]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.yqres.2006.03.006|10.1016/j.yqres.2006.03.006]].</ref> Dipatlisiso tsa sešhweng di senotse diphologolo tse di tseneletseng tsa ‘[[Cornelian]] Land Mammal Age’ tse di akaretsang ditshephe, dipitse, dikolobe, ditshwene le diphologolo tse di jang nama. Diphologolo, mmogo le diphopholetso tsa dingwaga tsa bogologolo tse di dirilweng ke Andy Herries (Yunibesithi ya La Trobe, Australia) di akantsha dingwaga tse di fa gare ga dingwaga di le dikete tse makgolo a ferabongwe le masome a ferabongwe le dikete tse makgolo a supa le masome a ferabobedi tsa dikarolo tse dikgolo tse di nang le masalela a dilo tse di epolotsweng.<ref name=":1" /> Dipeeletso tsa basal [[flowstone]] di fopholediwa go boela morago kwa dingwageng di ka nna didikadike tse pedi mme di bontsha bosupi jwa tshimologo ya '[[go dikologa ga Walker]]' dingwaga di ka nna didikadike di le 1.7 tse di fetileng.<ref>Hopley, Philip J.; Weedon, Graham P.; Marshall, Jim D.; Herries, Andy I.R.; Latham, Alf G.; Kuykendall, Kevin L. (2007). "High- and low-latitude orbital forcing of early hominin habitats in South Africa". ''[[:en:Earth_and_Planetary_Science_Letters|Earth and Planetary Science Letters]]''. '''256''' (3–4): 419–432. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007E&PSL.256..419H 2007E&#x26;PSL.256..419H]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2007.01.031|10.1016/j.epsl.2007.01.031]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0012-821X 0012-821X].</ref> === Logaga lwa Ficus le Lefelo la Motlha wa Tshipi === Logaga lo tsere leina la lone go tswa mo meding ya setlhare sa feie sa ''[[Ficus ingens]]'' e e thibelang kgoro ya lone. Logaga lono lo na le masalela a Iron Age le a lekgolo la bolesome le boferabongwe la dingwaga, koloni e kgolo ya bommamathwane le letsha le le ka fa tlase ga lefatshe. Lefelo la Motlha wa Tshipi le le gaufi le ntsha matlakala a bonno go tswa mo e ka nnang Motlha wa Tshipi wa Pele (550 AD), 870 AD le Motlha wa Tshipi wa Morago (1560 AD). Dithaba tse di bapileng le logaga di na le dithaba tsa maitirelo mme diphitlhelelo tsa baepi ba bogologolo go tswa mo go tseno di akaretsa dikarolwana tsa dipitsa, matlapa a go sila, matlapa a hamole le masalela a ditiro tsa go nyerolosa tshipi, go akaretsa tshipi, slag le dikarolwana tsa [[tuyeres]]. === Logaga lwa Pepere === Logaga lono lo na le masalela a Iron Age le a bogologolo le letsha le le ka fa tlase ga lefatshe. Gape ke legae la setlhopha se segolo sa bommamathwane ba ba fudugang ba ba nang le menwana e meleele, e leng ''[[Miniopterus schreibersii]]''. === Logaga lwa Motshewabadimo === Logaga lono lo ka fa tlase fela ga Logaga lwa Ditso mme lo na le mo go akanyetswang fa e le masalela a leiso , se se akantshang gore batho ba ne ba nna mo go lone le tiriso e e laolwang ya molelo. Dikgogodi tse di senotsweng di ntshitse dilo tsa botaki tsa Motlha wa Letlapa la Bogare tsa Setso sa Pietersburg sa dingwaga tse di fa gare ga dikete tse lekgolo le dikete tse makgolo a matlhano tse di fetileng. Dithutopatlisiso tsa sesheng di bontshitse gore dipono tse di mmala tse ga se maiso mme go ka direga thata gore e nne dipeeletso tsa letangwana la bogologolo.<ref>Herries, A.I.R.; Latham, A.G. (2009). "Chapter 5: Archaeomagnetic studies at the Cave of Hearths". In Sinclair, Anthony; McNabb, John (eds.). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=JQYNAQAAMAAJ The Cave of Hearths: Makapan middle pleistocene research project : field research by Anthony Sinclair and Patrick Quinney, 1996-2001]''. Oxford: [[:en:Archaeopress|Archaeopress]]. pp.&#x20;59–64. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4073-0420-5|978-1-4073-0420-5]]</bdi>.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Potgietersrus, South Africa - panoramio (2).jpg|thumb|Mokgatsha wa Makapan]] === Logaga lwa Ditso kgotsa Makapansgat === Lefelo le le bapile fela le Logaga lwa Leiso, mme le boloka masalela a Iron Age le a [[Mfecane]]. E tumile thata jaaka thulano magareng ga [[Commando ya Maburu|Sesole sa Maburu]] le batho ba selegae ba Langa le Kekana morago ga dipolao tsa [[Voortrekkers]] kwa Moorddrift, Mapela le Pruizen. [[Kgosi Makapan]] (Mokopane), mmogo le palo e kgolo ya batho ba morafe wa gagwe le dikgomo tsa bone ba ne ba dikaganyediwa mo logageng mo e ka nnang kgwedi fa gare ga Phalane a le malatsi a masome a mabedi le botlhano le Ngwanatsele a le malatsi a masome a mabedi le motso ka 1854, ka nako eo makgolokgolo a le mantsi a ne a bolawa ke tlala le lenyora.<ref>Le Roux, Andreas; Cain, Chester; Badenhorst, Shaw; Esterhuysen, Amanda (2013). "Faunal Remains from the 1854 Siege of Mugombane, Makapans Valley, South Africa". ''[[:en:Journal_of_African_Archaeology|Journal of African Archaeology]]''. '''11''' (1): 97–110. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.3213/2191-5784-10229|10.3213/2191-5784-10229]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1612-1651 1612-1651].</ref> [[Piet Potgieter]] o ne a thuntshiwa ka nako ya go dikaganyediwa mme leina la toropo e e gaufi le ne la fetolwa go tswa go [[Vredenburg]] go nna ‘Pieter Potgietersrust’, le moragonyana le neng la fetoga go nna ‘Potgietersrus’. Go tloga ka tshimologo ya ngwagakgolo wa bo masome mabedi le motso (c. tshimologo ya dingwaga tsa bo 2000), morago ga phetogo go tswa mo pusong ya [[Tlhaolele]] go ya kwa pusong ya bontsi, go nnile le tlwaelo ya go fetola ditheo di le mmalwa tsa puso ya bosetšhaba le ya dikgaolo (go akaretsa ditheo tsa thuto), ditsela, mafaratlhatlha a setšhaba, ditoropo, ditoropokgolo, jalojalo. Ka jalo, toropo e ne ya fetolelwa gape kwa go [[Mokopane]], go tlotlomatsa Kgosi Mokopane. Logaga lono lo ne lwa itsisiwe jaaka Sefikantswe sa Bosetšhaba ka 1936. === Logaga lwa Mowa o o Tsididi === Ditshekatsheko tsa isotope tse di tlhomameng tsa stalagmite e e nang le letlha la motseletsele wa uranium go tswa kwa Cold Air Cave di ne tsa tlamela ka rekoto ya diphetogo tsa seemo sa loapi tsa dipaka tsa dingwaga di le dikete tse nne le makgolo a mane go ya go dikete tse nne le dingwaga di ka nna makgolo a ferabobedi tse di fetileng go fitlha gompieno. === Logaga lwa Gutentight === Logaga lono lo ne lwa bonwa le go tlhotlhomisiwa ka ngwaga wa 2000 ke A. Herries, A. Latham le W. Murzel. Fa logaga lo sena go thuba dipitlagano di le mmalwa tse di gagametseng, logaga lo ne lwa bulega lwa nna phaposi e kgolo. Bodilo jwa kamore bo ne bo tletse ka dibeso. Mokwalo o o mo leboteng la logaga o ne o le wa lekgolo la bolesome le boferabongwe la dingwaga mme o ne o supa gore kgoro ya pele ya logaga e ne e phutlhame mme ya tswala leroba morago ga letlha leno. === Logaga lwa Murzel === Logaga lono lo ne lwa bonwa le go sekasekwa ka 1998 ke A. Herries le A. Latham. Go epa go tswa mo kgorong go ne ga dira gore go tlhatloge le go kgabaganya go ya kwa tlase go tsena mo motseletseleng wa diphaposi tse di kgabisitsweng tse di kwa tlase.<ref>Herries, A.I.R., Latham, A.G., 1999. New caves in the Makapansgat area of the Northern Province of South Africa. Caves and Caving. 85, 18–19.</ref> === Logaga lwa ga Katzenjammer kgotsa Khuti ya ga Herries === Logaga lwa Katzenjammer lo bapile le Logaga lwa Peppercorn. Phatlha ya kgoro e isa kwa tlase kwa tlhatlogong e tshesane le kgoro ya mafaratlhatlha a ditsela tse di mo maemong a a tshwanang le mafelo a a kgakala a Logaga lwa Peppercorn. Phatlha ya kgoro e bopilwe ke go phutlhama ga dipeeletso tse di nang le masalela a dilo tse di epolotsweng (go akaretsa Giant Dasie) go tsena mo thulaganyong e e kwa tlase ya logaga lwa segompieno, Logaga lwa Katzenjammer. Lefelo la Phatlha ya kgoro le dipeeletso tsa masalela a dilo tse di epolotsweng di ne tsa bidiwa mmogo Herries’ Hole ke Porojeke ya Patlisiso ya Pleistocene ya Bogare ya Makapan. == Ditso tsa diphitlhelelo kwa Mokgatšheng wa Makapansgat == [[Setshwantsho:Makapansgat pebble.webp|thumb|''[[Makapansgat Pebble]]'', ‘sefatlhego’ se se bopilweng ka tlhago se se tsenngwang mo logageng magareng ga dingwaga di le didikadike di le 4.1 le 2.1 tse di fetileng.]]Mokgatšha wa Makapansgat o tlhalositswe jaaka o o nang le nngwe ya direkoto tse dikgolo tsa thuto ya dilo tsa bogologolo tsa thutotlhagelelo ya batho mo lefatsheng.<ref name=":2">Rayner, Richard J.; Moon, Bernard P.; Masters, Judith C. (March 1993), "The Makapansgat australopithecine environment", ''[[:en:Journal_of_Human_Evolution|Journal of Human Evolution]]'', '''24''' (3): 219–231, [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1993JHumE..24..219R 1993JHumE..24..219R], [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1006/jhev.1993.1016|10.1006/jhev.1993.1016]].</ref> Go phutha mo lefelong leno go ne ga simolola ka 1925, fa morutabana wa sekolo sa lefelo leo, e bong Wilfred Eitzman, a ne a kgatlhiwa ke ditiro tsa batho ba ba dirang kalaka. Dilo dingwe tsa masalela a dilo tse di epolotsweng di ne tsa romelwa kwa go [[Raymond Dart]], yo o neng a simolola patlisiso e e rulagantsweng ka 1947.<ref name=":2" /><ref>[[:en:Ian_Tattersall|Tattersall, Ian]] (1996), ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=_NHUYzuvmXIC The Fossil Trail: How we know what we think we know about human evolution]'', Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press, p. 77, [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-19-506101-2|0-19-506101-2]] Paperback ISBN 0-19-510981-3</ref> Eitzman o ne gape a ribolola se se bidiwang "[[letlapana la Makapansgat]]" le le amanang le marapo. Dingwaga di ka nna didikadike di le tharo tse di fetileng, letlapana le bopilwe ka tlhago go tshwana le sefatlhego sa motho, go akanngwa gore le bonwe ke Australopithecus mme la rwalwa go tswa kwa motsweding wa lone go tsena mo logageng lwa Makapansgat. Go akanyeditswe gore letlapana leno le emela sekai sa ntlha se se itsiweng sa kakanyo ya tshwantshetso ya di-hominid tsa ntlha.<ref>Bednarik, Robert G. [https://web.archive.org/web/20030330065452/http://sunspot.sli.unimelb.edu.au/aura/MAKAPANSGAT.htm "Makapansgat cobble analysed"]. [[:en:University_of_Melbourne|University of Melbourne]]. Archived from [http://sunspot.sli.unimelb.edu.au/aura/MAKAPANSGAT.htm the original] on 30 March 2003. Retrieved Lwetse a le masome a mabedi le bobedi, 2026.</ref><ref>Kleiner, Fred S. (2011). ''[[:en:Gardner's_Art_Through_the_Ages|Gardner's Art Through the Ages: A Global History]]'' (Enhanced Thirteenth&#x20;ed.). Boston: Wadsworth. pp.&#x20;15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-495-79986-3|978-0-495-79986-3]]</bdi>.</ref> Mafika a Moporofesara Dart a neng a a amogela go tswa go Rre Eitzman a ne a fitlhelwa a na le, gareng ga a mangwe, marapo a masalela a a ntshofetseng a a neng a dira gore a dumele gore a ne a fisiwa. Le fa go ne go sa fitlhelwe masalela a hominid kgotsa didiriswa tsa matlapa kwa tshimologong, o ne a swetsa ka gore tseno ke masalela a marapo a a fisitsweng mo mafelong a molelo mme ka jalo Makapansgat e ne e le lefelo la go nna ga di-hominid tsa ntlha. Dart o ne a bitsa di-hominid tsa ntlha tse di neng tsa bonwa kwa lefelong leno ''Australopithecus prometheus'' ka leina la mogaka wa dikinane wa Mogerika yo o neng a utswa molelo mo Badimong. Morago ga moo matshwao a mantsho a ne a itshupa e le mabala a manganese mme ''Australopithecus prometheus'' e ne ya lemogwa jaaka dikao tsa ''[[Australopithecus africanus]]''. Morago ga go sekaseka marapo a masalela a le dikete di supa, lekgolo le masome a matlhano le boferabongwe, Dart o ne a swetsa ka gore ditshedi tseno, mo motlheng wa pele ga didirisiwa tsa matlapa di ribololwa, di ne di dirisa didirisiwa tse di dirilweng ka lerapo, meno le lenaka, a e bitsa Setso sa [[Osteodontokeratic]]. Ka 1936, [[Khomišene ya Difikantswe tsa Ditso|Khomišene ya Difikantswe tsa]] [[Khomišene ya Difikantswe tsa Ditso|Ditso]] e ne ya kopiwa go itsise Logaga lwa Makapan jaaka Sefikantswe sa Bosetšhaba mme Moporofesara [[Clarence van Riet Lowe]], Mokwaledi wa khomišene le Mokaedi wa [[Patlisiso ya Boepi jwa Bogologolo jwa Kopano ya Aforika Borwa]], o ne a etela lefelo leno ka 1937.O ne a sekaseka Logaga la Ditso mme a senola, gaufinyana, seherwana sa badiri ba kalaka se se neng se kgabaganya logaga lo lo nang le calcium. Mo go tladiweng mono o ne a bona marapo a masalela a dilo tse di epolotsweng, didirisiwa tsa maje le se a neng a se tsaya e le mafelo a molora a a emelang dibeso tsa bogologolo. Kwa tshimologong o ne a e bitsa karolo ya Logaga lwa ga Makapan, mme moragonyana a e bitsa "Logaga lwa Dibeso". Dipatlisiso tse dingwe ka Seetebosigo le Phalane 1937 di ne tsa senola Logaga lwa Motshewabadimo. Lefelo leno le ne la etelwa ke [[Clarence Van Riet Lowe]], [[Raymond Dart]] le [[Robert Broom]]. [[H. B. S. Cooke]] wa Lephata la Thutafatshe la [[Yunibesithi ya Witwatersrand]] o ne a dira patlisiso ya thutafatshe ya kgaolo (1941) mme ya latelwa ke L. C. King ka 1951. Ka Phukwi 1945, [[Philip Tobias]] o ne a etelela pele setlhopha sa baithuti go ya kwa mokgatšheng, kwa ba neng ba ribolola "Logaga lwa Hyaena" go bapa le lefelo la ga Van Riet Lowe. Go ya kwa tlase ga mokgatšha, go tswa mo logageng lo lo bapileng le ditiro tsa kalaka, ba ne ba kokoanya motlhagare o o kwa tlase wa pitse e kgolo ya masalela, e e neng ya naya leina la "Logaga lwa Motlhagare wa Pitse". Morago ga diphitlhelelo tseno, Ngaka [[Bernard Price]] o ne a dira gore go nne le thebolelo ya patlisiso ya go epa ka thulaganyo, e e neng ya simolola kwa Logageng lwa Dibeso ka 1947, ka tiro ya tshimo e e neng e dirwa ke Guy Gardiner, [[James Kitching,]] le bomorwarraagwe Ben le Scheepers. Nngwe ya diphitlhelelo tse di botlhokwa thata e ne e le motlhagare o o kwa tlase wa ''Homo'' go tswa mo Bed 3, ka Ben. Ka 1953, Ngaka [[R. J. Mason]] o ne a bewa gore a okamele go epa. Tatelano ya dikarolo e ne ya tlhomamisiwa ka 1953–1954. Fa bakaulengwe ba ga Kitching ba sena go bona boboko jwa motho wa tshwene mo gare ga dithotobolo tsa kalaka ka 1947, Dart o ne a rulaganya gore dithotobolo tsa moepi wa kalaka di tlhophiwe ka diatla go bona dilo tse dintsi tse di nang le masalela a dilo tse di epolotsweng. Morago ga dingwaga di le masome mane le botlhano tsa patlisiso, diketekete tse dintsi tsa masalela a dilo tse di tswang mo lefelong leno di ile tsa lemogiwa le go kwalwa mo lenaaneng. Brian Maguire o ne a ithuta matlapa a a neng a tlisiwa mo magageng ka dinako tsa pele ga ditso (1965, 1968, 1980). O ne a ranola seno go emela ditiro tsa go dira didiriswa tsa matlapa tsa motheo tse di kwadilweng ka dingwaga di ka nna didikadike di le 2.3 – 1.6 tse di fetileng, le fa go ntse jalo, tshekatsheko ya sešheng e bontshitse gore tshedimosetso e ga e a nepagala. Tiro ya sešheng kwa mafelong kwa bofelong jwa dingwaga tsa bo 1990 le tshimologo ya dingwaga tsa bo 2000 e ne e dirwa ke ditlhopha tse: * Makapansgat Fieldschool, se se tsamaisiwang mmogo ke [[Kaye Reed]] wa Setheo sa Tshimologo ya Batho kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Arizona State|Yunibesithing]] [[Yunibesithing ya Arizona State|ya Arizona State]] (US) le Kevin Kuykendall wa [[Yunibesithi ya Witwatersrand]] (SA) mme moragonyana [[Yunibesithi ya Sheffield]] (UK); * porojeke ya Patlisiso ya Makapan ya Bogare jwa Pleistocene, e e neng e tsamaisiwa ke Anthony Sinclair, Patrick Quinney wa [[Yunibesithi ya Liverpool]] (UK) mme moragonyana John McNabb wa [[Yunibesithi ya Southampton]] (UK.). * Alf Latham, Ginette Warr (Yunibesithi ya Liverpool) le Andy Herries ([[Yunibesithi ya La Trobe]], Australia) ba ne ba dira tiro ya go sekaseka ditiragalo tsa lefatshe le ya go sekaseka dikarolo tsa lefatshe mo diporojekeng tseno ka bobedi. == Mafelo == * Research house <small>{{coord|24|08|22.1|S|29|11|59.5|E|region:ZA_type:landmark|display=inline|name=Makapansgat research house}}</small> * Makapansgat limeworks <small>{{coord|24|08|22|S|29|11|25.6|E|region:ZA_type:landmark|display=inline|name=Makapansgat limeworks}}</small> * Cave of hearths <small>{{coord|24|08|25.8|S|29|11|58.6|E|region:ZA_type:landmark|display=inline|name=Cave of hearths}}</small> * Historic cave <small>{{coord|24|08|28.7|S|29|11|58.9|E|region:ZA_type:landmark|display=inline|name=Historic cave}}</small> * Rainbow cave <small>{{coord|24|08|29.4|S|29|12|01.9|E|region:ZA_type:landmark|display=inline|name=Rainbow cave}}</small> * Zwartkrans <small>{{coord|24|07|54|S|29|11|18|E|region:ZA_type:landmark|display=inline|name=Zwartkrans}}</small> * Buffalo cave <small>{{coord|24|08|34.8|S|29|10|37|E|region:ZA_type:landmark|display=inline|name=Buffalo cave}}</small> * Cold air cave <small>{{coord|24|08|45.7|S|29|10|10.7|E|region:ZA_type:landmark|display=inline|name=Cold air cave}}</small> == Metswedi == <references /> [[Karolo:Dikgaga mo Aforika Borwa]] [[Karolo:Dikgaga tsa kalaka]] [[Karolo:Mafelo a ngwao a Aforika Borwa]] [[Karolo:Mafelo a ngwao a lefatshe mo Aforika Borwa]] [[Karolo:Botaki jwa pele ga ditso]] [[Karolo:Mogope wa tlholego ya motho]] je2q01io2x3ta209f243uxmv8hf3g84 0 15179 55258 2026-09-22T12:30:10Z MmaBaggio 11091 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1301064125|A. Peter Bailey]]" 55258 wikitext text/x-wiki '''A. Peter Bailey''' (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e le masome a mabedi le bone, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mararo le borobabobedi (1938) ke mmegadikgang wa Moamerika, mokwadi le motlhatlheledi. E ne e le molekane wa ga Malcolm X e bile e le leloko la Mokgatlho wa Organization of Afro-American Unity . == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Alfonzo Peter Bailey <ref name="BlackStarNews">{{Cite web |last=Delices |first=Patrick |date=August 1, 2013 |title=In New Book, A. Peter Bailey, Recalls His Friendship And Work With Malcolm&nbsp;X |url=http://www.blackstarnews.com/education/education/in-new-book-a-peter-bailey-recalls-his-friendship-and-work-with-malcolm-x.html |access-date=September 19, 2014 |website=Black Star News}}</ref> o tsholetswe kwa Columbus, kwa Georgia, ka ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e le masome a mabedi le bone, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mararo le borobabobedi (1938), mme a golela kwa Tuskegee, Alabama . <ref name="HistoryMakers">{{Cite web |date=2014 |title=A. Peter Bailey |url=http://www.thehistorymakers.com/biography/peter-bailey |access-date=September 19, 2014 |publisher=[[The HistoryMakers]]}}</ref> O ne a le mo Sesoleng sa Amerika go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le borataro (1956) go ya ko ngwageng wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le borobabongwe ( 1959), mme a tsena Sekolo se setona sa Howard go fitlha ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bongwe (1961). <ref name="HistoryMakers" /> Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bobedi (1962), Bailey o ne a fudugela kwa Harlem. Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo, o ne a utlwa Malcolm X a bua gaufi le Mosque No. 7.[ Fa Malcolm X a ne a tlogela Nation of Islam ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bone (1964), Bailey o ne a nna leloko la mothei wa Organization of Afro-American Unity. Bailey o ne a dira jaaka morulaganyi wa koranta ya Blacklash.[ E ne e le motshwara kesi kwa phitlhong ya ga Malcolm X ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le botlhano ( 1965). 3] Bailey o ne a bereka e le mokwadi kwa ''Ebony'' go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le borobabobedu (1968 )go ya go fitlha ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le botlhano (1975). <ref name="HistoryMakers" /> E ne e le mokaedi-mogolo wa Black Theatre Alliance ( BTA ) go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le botlhano (1975( go ya go tsena ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bongwe (1981), mme o ne a baakanya korantsa ya ''BTA'' . <ref name="HistoryMakers" /> Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi (1998), o ne a kwala buka e e bidiwang ''Seventh Child: A Family Memoir of Malcolm&#x20;X .&nbsp;''le Malcolm&nbsp;Setlogolo sa ga X, Rodnell Collins. O ne a kwala buka ya ''Revelations: The Autobiography of Alvin Ailey'' ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le botlhano (1995) a remeletse mo dipotsolotsong tse a neng a di dira le motlhami wa dikhwaere mo dingwageng tsa pele ga loso lwa gagwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe ( 1989). Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le boraro (2013), o ne a kwala buka ya kgakololo ya setlhogo se se reng ''Witnessing Brother Malcolm&#x20;X: The Master Teacher''. <ref name="BlackStarNews" /> <ref name="DailyNews">{{Cite web |last=McCallister |first=Jared |date=October 20, 2013 |title=Up-close-and-personal, new books offer invaluable insight into Malcolm&nbsp;X |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/malcolm-x-in-depth-article-1.1490816 |access-date=September 19, 2014 |website=[[Daily News (New York)|New York Daily News]]}}</ref> Bailey o kwadile ditlhogo mo koranteng ya ''The Black Collegian, [[:en:Black_Enterprise|Black Enterprise]], [[:en:Black_World_(magazine)|Black World]], [[:en:Essence_(magazine)|Essence]], [[:en:Jet_(magazine)|Jet]], [[:en:The_Negro_Digest|The Negro Digest]], the [[:en:Daily_News_(New_York)|New York Daily News]], le ya [[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times]].''. <ref name="HistoryMakers" /> O kwala tsebe ya kgwedi le kgwedi ya Trice-Edney Wire Service.[ 1] <ref name="HistoryMakers" /> == Dibuka tsa gagwe == ** ''Harlem: Precious Memories, Great Expectations''. {{ISBN|978-0-9726958-0-0}}. ** ''Revelations: The Autobiography of Alvin Ailey'' with Alvin Ailey. {{ISBN|978-1-55972-255-1}}. ** ''Seventh Child: A Family Memoir of Malcolm&#x20;X'' with Rodnell P. Collins. {{ISBN|978-1-55972-491-3}}. ** ''Witnessing Brother Malcolm&#x20;X: The Master Teacher''. {{ISBN|978-1-62550-039-7}}. == Ditshupiso == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist|30em}} 5xzdl20uajn8ncfttz0gn9c1y1czoho 55259 55258 2026-09-22T12:34:38Z MmaBaggio 11091 55259 wikitext text/x-wiki '''A. Peter Bailey''' (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e le masome a mabedi le bone, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mararo le borobabobedi (1938) ke mmegadikgang wa Moamerika, mokwadi le motlhatlheledi. E ne e le molekane wa ga [[:en:Malcolm_X|Malcolm X]] e bile e le leloko la Mokgatlho wa [[:en:Organization_of_Afro-American_Unity|Organization of Afro-American Unity .]] == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Alfonzo Peter Bailey <ref name="BlackStarNews">{{Cite web |last=Delices |first=Patrick |date=August 1, 2013 |title=In New Book, A. Peter Bailey, Recalls His Friendship And Work With Malcolm&nbsp;X |url=http://www.blackstarnews.com/education/education/in-new-book-a-peter-bailey-recalls-his-friendship-and-work-with-malcolm-x.html |access-date=September 19, 2014 |website=Black Star News}}</ref> o tsholetswe kwa [[Columbus]], kwa Georgia, ka ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e le masome a mabedi le bone, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mararo le borobabobedi (1938), mme a golela kwa [[Tuskegee, Alabama]] . <ref name="HistoryMakers">{{Cite web |date=2014 |title=A. Peter Bailey |url=http://www.thehistorymakers.com/biography/peter-bailey |access-date=September 19, 2014 |publisher=[[The HistoryMakers]]}}</ref> O ne a le mo Sesoleng sa Amerika go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le borataro (1956) go ya ko ngwageng wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le borobabongwe ( 1959), mme a tsena Sekolo se setona sa Howard go fitlha ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bongwe (1961). <ref name="HistoryMakers" /> Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bobedi (1962), Bailey o ne a fudugela kwa Harlem. Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo, o ne a utlwa Malcolm X a bua gaufi le [[:en:Mosque_No._7|Mosque No. 7.]][ Fa Malcolm X a ne a tlogela [[:en:Nation_of_Islam|Nation of Islam]] ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bone (1964), Bailey o ne a nna leloko la mothei wa Organization of Afro-American Unity. Bailey o ne a dira jaaka morulaganyi wa koranta ya Blacklash.[ E ne e le motshwara kesi kwa phitlhong ya ga Malcolm X ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le botlhano ( 1965). 3] Bailey o ne a bereka e le mokwadi kwa ''[[:en:Ebony_(magazine)|Ebony]]'' go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le borobabobedu (1968 )go ya go fitlha ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le botlhano (1975). <ref name="HistoryMakers" /> E ne e le mokaedi-mogolo wa [[:en:Black_Theatre_Alliance|Black Theatre Alliance]] ( BTA ) go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le botlhano (1975( go ya go tsena ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bongwe (1981), mme o ne a baakanya korantsa ya ''BTA'' . <ref name="HistoryMakers" /> Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi (1998), o ne a kwala buka e e bidiwang ''Seventh Child: A Family Memoir of Malcolm&#x20;X .&nbsp;''le Malcolm&nbsp;Setlogolo sa ga X, Rodnell Collins. O ne a kwala buka ya ''Revelations: The Autobiography of Alvin Ailey'' ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le botlhano (1995) a remeletse mo dipotsolotsong tse a neng a di dira le motlhami wa dikhwaere mo dingwageng tsa pele ga loso lwa gagwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe ( 1989). Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le boraro (2013), o ne a kwala buka ya kgakololo ya setlhogo se se reng ''Witnessing Brother Malcolm&#x20;X: The Master Teacher''. <ref name="BlackStarNews" /> <ref name="DailyNews">{{Cite web |last=McCallister |first=Jared |date=October 20, 2013 |title=Up-close-and-personal, new books offer invaluable insight into Malcolm&nbsp;X |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/malcolm-x-in-depth-article-1.1490816 |access-date=September 19, 2014 |website=[[Daily News (New York)|New York Daily News]]}}</ref> Bailey o kwadile ditlhogo mo koranteng ya ''The Black Collegian, [[:en:Black_Enterprise|Black Enterprise]], [[:en:Black_World_(magazine)|Black World]], [[:en:Essence_(magazine)|Essence]], [[:en:Jet_(magazine)|Jet]], [[:en:The_Negro_Digest|The Negro Digest]], the [[:en:Daily_News_(New_York)|New York Daily News]], le ya [[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times]].''. <ref name="HistoryMakers" /> O kwala tsebe ya kgwedi le kgwedi ya Trice-Edney Wire Service.[ 1] <ref name="HistoryMakers" /> == Dibuka tsa gagwe == ** ''Harlem: Precious Memories, Great Expectations''. {{ISBN|978-0-9726958-0-0}}. ** ''Revelations: The Autobiography of Alvin Ailey'' with Alvin Ailey. {{ISBN|978-1-55972-255-1}}. ** ''Seventh Child: A Family Memoir of Malcolm&#x20;X'' with Rodnell P. Collins. {{ISBN|978-1-55972-491-3}}. ** ''Witnessing Brother Malcolm&#x20;X: The Master Teacher''. {{ISBN|978-1-62550-039-7}}. == Ditshupiso == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist|30em}} o0ktvhepointtzpc488esdkucb4jcy8 0 15180 55260 2026-09-22T12:36:39Z P'kaytee 12489 I'm done with my article 55260 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Social media icons (rubin-Social-media-icons-2x).tiff|thumb|Kafa Thekenoloji e fetsotseng tsela e re buisang ka yone]] Matseno Thekenoloji e fetotse tsela e batho ba buisanang ka yone ka ditsela di le dintsi. Mo nakong e e fetileng, batho ba ne ba buisana thata ka go kopana ba lebane ka matlho, go kwala makwalo le go dirisa megala. Gompieno, batho ba ka buisana ba dirisa megala ya selula, social media, di-email, di-video call le melaetsa ya bonako. Dithekenoloji tseno di dirile gore puisano e nne bonako le bonolo, mme gape di tlisitse dikgwetlho dingwe.<ref name=":1">https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/statssa-releases-general-household-survey-2024-27-may-2025</ref> Mafaratlhatlha Social media le yone e fetotse tsela e batho ba buisanang ka yone. Batho ba ka dirisa social media go romela melaetsa, ditshwantsho, dibidio le tshedimosetso kwa ditsaleng, malapeng le kwa bathong ba bangwe mo lefatsheng lotlhe. E thusa batho go nna ba buisana le fa ba nna kgakala. Le fa go ntse jalo, social media e ka dira gore tshedimosetso e e seng boammaaruri e aname ka bonako. UNESCO e gatelela gore go botlhokwa gore batho ba tlhatlhobe tshedimosetso pele ba e romela kwa go ba bangwe.thekenoloji e fetotse puisano ka go dira gore e nne bonako, bonolo le gore e fitlhelelege motlhofo. Batho ba ka buisana le ba bangwe ba ba kgakala ba dirisa megala ya selula, social media, di-email le di-video call. Thekenoloji e fetotse gape puisano mo thutong le kwa tirong. Le fa go ntse jalo, batho ba tshwanetse go dirisa thekenoloji ka boikarabelo ka gonne e ka baka mathata a a jaaka tshedimosetso e e seng boammaaruri, go sa tlhaloganyane le go fokotsega ga puisano ya go kopana ka namana. (UNESCO)<ref name=":2">https://www.gov.za/about-sa/communication</ref> Puisano mo Thutong Thekenoloji e fetotse puisano magareng ga baithuti le barutabana. Baithuti ba ka buisana le barutabana ka di-email, dithulaganyo tsa go ithuta mo inthaneteng le didiriswa tsa melaetsa. Baithuti gape ba ka tsena mo dithutong tsa inthanete le go bona didirisiwa tsa thuto ka inthanete. Seno se dira gore baithuti le barutabana ba kgone go buisana le go abelana tshedimosetso le fa ba se mo lefelong le le lengwe.<ref name=":3">https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/media-and-information-literate-citizens</ref> Puisano kwa Tirong Thekenoloji e fetotse gape tsela e batho ba buisanang ka yone kwa tirong. Badiri ba ka dirisa di-email, dikopano tsa video le didiriswa tsa melaetsa go buisana le badirimmogo le bareki. Batho ba ka nna le dikopano le go dira mmogo le fa ba le kwa mafelong a a farologaneng. Seno se dirile gore puisano kwa tirong e nne bonolo le gore batho ba kgone go dirisana le ba bangwe ba le kgakala.<ref name=":3" /> Ditlamorago tsa Thekenoloji Le fa thekenoloji e na le melemo e le mentsi, gape e na le ditlamorago dingwe. Batho ba ka fetsa nako e ntsi ba dirisa megala ya bone le social media, mme seno se ka fokotsa puisano ya go kopana le batho ka namana. Melaetsa e e kwadilweng gape e ka baka go sa tlhaloganyane ka gonne ga se ka metlha e bontshang segalo sa lentswe kgotsa maikutlo a motho. Bothata jo bongwe ke go anama ga tshedimosetso e e seng boammaaruri mo inthaneteng. UNESCO e gatelela botlhokwa jwa gore batho ba nne le bokgoni jwa go sekaseka le go tlhatlhoba tshedimosetso ya dijithale ka kelotlhoko. (UNESCO)<ref name=":4">https://www.unesco.org/mil4teachers/en/module</ref> References 1. Statistics South Africa. General Household Survey 2024. https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/statssa-releases-general-household-survey-2024-27-may-2025<ref name=":1" /> 2. South African Government. Communications and Digital Technologies. [https://www.gov.za/about-sa/communications https://www.gov.za/about-sa/communication]<ref name=":2" /> 3. UNESCO. Media and Information Literate Citizens. https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/media-and-information-literate-citizens<ref name=":3" /> 4. UNESCO. Internet Opportunities and Challenges. https://www.unesco.org/mil4teachers/en/module<ref name=":4" /> obrf48toi572cpwk662x4dbyw6aw9p2 55261 55260 2026-09-22T12:37:09Z P'kaytee 12489 I'm done writing my article 55261 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Social media icons (rubin-Social-media-icons-2x).tiff|thumb|Kafa Thekenoloji e fetsotseng tsela e re buisang ka yone]] Matseno Thekenoloji e fetotse tsela e batho ba buisanang ka yone ka ditsela di le dintsi. Mo nakong e e fetileng, batho ba ne ba buisana thata ka go kopana ba lebane ka matlho, go kwala makwalo le go dirisa megala. Gompieno, batho ba ka buisana ba dirisa megala ya selula, social media, di-email, di-video call le melaetsa ya bonako. Dithekenoloji tseno di dirile gore puisano e nne bonako le bonolo, mme gape di tlisitse dikgwetlho dingwe.<ref name=":1">https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/statssa-releases-general-household-survey-2024-27-may-2025</ref> Mafaratlhatlha Social media le yone e fetotse tsela e batho ba buisanang ka yone. Batho ba ka dirisa social media go romela melaetsa, ditshwantsho, dibidio le tshedimosetso kwa ditsaleng, malapeng le kwa bathong ba bangwe mo lefatsheng lotlhe. E thusa batho go nna ba buisana le fa ba nna kgakala. Le fa go ntse jalo, social media e ka dira gore tshedimosetso e e seng boammaaruri e aname ka bonako. UNESCO e gatelela gore go botlhokwa gore batho ba tlhatlhobe tshedimosetso pele ba e romela kwa go ba bangwe.thekenoloji e fetotse puisano ka go dira gore e nne bonako, bonolo le gore e fitlhelelege motlhofo. Batho ba ka buisana le ba bangwe ba ba kgakala ba dirisa megala ya selula, social media, di-email le di-video call. Thekenoloji e fetotse gape puisano mo thutong le kwa tirong. Le fa go ntse jalo, batho ba tshwanetse go dirisa thekenoloji ka boikarabelo ka gonne e ka baka mathata a a jaaka tshedimosetso e e seng boammaaruri, go sa tlhaloganyane le go fokotsega ga puisano ya go kopana ka namana. (UNESCO)<ref name=":2">https://www.gov.za/about-sa/communication</ref> Puisano mo Thutong Thekenoloji e fetotse puisano magareng ga baithuti le barutabana. Baithuti ba ka buisana le barutabana ka di-email, dithulaganyo tsa go ithuta mo inthaneteng le didiriswa tsa melaetsa. Baithuti gape ba ka tsena mo dithutong tsa inthanete le go bona didirisiwa tsa thuto ka inthanete. Seno se dira gore baithuti le barutabana ba kgone go buisana le go abelana tshedimosetso le fa ba se mo lefelong le le lengwe.<ref name=":3">https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/media-and-information-literate-citizens</ref> Puisano kwa Tirong Thekenoloji e fetotse gape tsela e batho ba buisanang ka yone kwa tirong. Badiri ba ka dirisa di-email, dikopano tsa video le didiriswa tsa melaetsa go buisana le badirimmogo le bareki. Batho ba ka nna le dikopano le go dira mmogo le fa ba le kwa mafelong a a farologaneng. Seno se dirile gore puisano kwa tirong e nne bonolo le gore batho ba kgone go dirisana le ba bangwe ba le kgakala.<ref name=":3" /> Ditlamorago tsa Thekenoloji Le fa thekenoloji e na le melemo e le mentsi, gape e na le ditlamorago dingwe. Batho ba ka fetsa nako e ntsi ba dirisa megala ya bone le social media, mme seno se ka fokotsa puisano ya go kopana le batho ka namana. Melaetsa e e kwadilweng gape e ka baka go sa tlhaloganyane ka gonne ga se ka metlha e bontshang segalo sa lentswe kgotsa maikutlo a motho. Bothata jo bongwe ke go anama ga tshedimosetso e e seng boammaaruri mo inthaneteng. UNESCO e gatelela botlhokwa jwa gore batho ba nne le bokgoni jwa go sekaseka le go tlhatlhoba tshedimosetso ya dijithale ka kelotlhoko. (UNESCO)<ref name=":4">https://www.unesco.org/mil4teachers/en/module</ref> References 1. Statistics South Africa. General Household Survey 2024. https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/statssa-releases-general-household-survey-2024-27-may-2025<ref name=":1" /> 2. South African Government. Communications and Digital Technologies. [https://www.gov.za/about-sa/communications https://www.gov.za/about-sa/communication]<ref name=":2" /> 3. UNESCO. Media and Information Literate Citizens. https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/media-and-information-literate-citizens<ref name=":3" /> 4. UNESCO. Internet Opportunities and Challenges. https://www.unesco.org/mil4teachers/en/module<ref name=":4" /> 6n7gqxrhagsqdcq6ysokz1d5uolsml3 0 15181 55263 2026-09-22T13:07:39Z Tulips.01 12481 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359999044|The World Crisis]]" 55263 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''The World Crisis''''' ke pego ya ga Winston Churchill ya [https://www.britannica.com/event/World-War-I Ntwa ya Lefatshe ya Ntlha], e e gatisitsweng ka dibolumu di le thataro (ka fa molaong di le tlhanok, ka gonne Bolumo III e ne ya gatisiwa ka dikarolo di le pedi). E gatisitswe fa gare ga 1923 le 1931: Ka ditsela di le dintsi e tshwantshetsa buka ya gagwe e e itsegeng thata ya dibolumo di le dintsi ''[https://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii ya The Second World War]''..Buka ya The World Crisis e na le dintlha tse di sekasekang dilo, mme mme, mo dikarolong tse dingwe, ke tsela e Churchill a neng a buelela seabe sa gagwe mo ntweng ka yone. Churchill o ne a ganetsa gore ke "hisitori," a tlhalosa tiro e e mo go Bolumong 2 e le "tsela ya go tsenya letsogo mo historing e e tshwanetseng go tsewa tsia mmogo le dipegelo tse dingwe". Mokwadi wa hisitori ya botshelo jwa gagwe wa Moamerika e [https://www.bookreporter.com/authors/william-manchester bong William Manchester] o ne a kwala jaana: "Tiro ya gagwe e kgolo ke ''World Crisis'', e e gatisitsweng mo lobakeng lwa dingwaga di le mmalwa, go tloga ka 1923 go ya go 1931, e e nang le ditsebe di le 3,261 e e tlhalosang ka N twa e Kgolo , e e simolotseng ka 1911 mme ya felela ka ditlamorago tsa yone ka bo 1920. E kwadile ka tsela e e gakgamatsang, mme e tokafadiwa ke go nna teng ga mokwadi kwa dikgotlhatsekelo tse di kwa godimo tsa ntwa le mo megobeng jaaka molaodi wa batione". [ 2 ] Mokwalahisitori wa Borithane e bong Robert Rhodes James o kwala jaana: "Ka ntlha ya dirai tsotlhe tsa yona jaaka hisetori, Mathata a Lefatshe ruri a tshwanetse go ema jaaka tiro ya botswerere ya ga Churchill. Morago ga yona, sengwe le sengwe se tshwanetse go tlhagelela jaaka setlhoa". Rhodes James o tswelela ka go tshwaela jaana, "Tiro ya ga Churchill ya dikwalo e bontshitse kwelotlase e e rileng ka dingwaga tsa bo 1930 " le gore ''Marlborough'' ya gagwe le ''Hisitori ya Batho ba ba Buang Seesemane'' di na le dintlha tse dintsi tsa puo go feta ''Mathata a Lefatshe''. [ 3 ] e4yknhuai5pz5ovbea7eof6exvgjre2 0 15182 55265 2026-09-22T13:21:22Z MmaBaggio 11091 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1372704899|Dorothy F. Bailey]]" 55265 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dorothy F. Bailey''' ke moeteledipele wa banni wa Moamerika go tswa kwa Kgaolong ya Prince George, kwa Maryland . O ne a berekela mo lekgotleng la kgaolo dingwaga di robabobedi, a bereka dipaka tse pedi e le modulasetilo. O kile a nna mo dikhuduthamageng tsa mekgatlho e le mentsi ya bosechaba le ya selegae, go akaretsa le Lekgotla la Bosechaba la Basadi ba batho Bantsho le Mokgatlho wa Thuto ya Botshelo le Ditso tsa Maamerika ba ba Aforika . O ne a tlhoma Moletlo wa Tsosoloso wa Harlem wa kgaolo eo, o o ntseng o tshwarwa ngwaga le ngwaga fa e sale ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe (1999), mme a tlhoma mekgatlho e le mmalwa ya banni. O ne a tsenngwa mo Marylanf Women's Hall of Fame ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014). == Botshelo jwa gagwe == O tsholetswe kwa Dunn, kwa Bonoke jwa Carolina . O ne a nna le seabe la ntlha mo tirong ya go buelela ditshwanelo tsa banni fa a ne a ithuta thutaloago kwa Sekolong se setona sa North Carolina Central, se a neng a bona dithuto tsa gagwe BA kwa go sone ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bobedi (1962 ). O ne a dira dithuto tsa morago ga kalogo tsa thuto le thuto ya bagodi kwa <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pennsylvania_State_University" rel="mw:ExtLink" title="Pennsylvania State University" class="cx-link" data-linkid="55">Pennsylvania State University</a>e kwa <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Maryland" rel="mw:ExtLink" title="University of Maryland" class="mw-redirect cx-link" data-linkid="56">University of Maryland</a>. Kwa tshimologong ya tiro ya gagwe o ne a ruta kwa dikolong tsa puso mme a bereka mo thulaganyong ya <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Maryland" rel="mw:ExtLink" title="University of Maryland" class="mw-redirect cx-link" data-linkid="56">University of Maryland</a> ya Upward Bound . <ref name="mdhall">{{Cite web |title=Maryland Women's Hall of Fame: Dorothy F. Bailey |url=http://msa.maryland.gov/msa/educ/exhibits/womenshall/html/bailey.html |website=[[State of Maryland]]}}</ref> Go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borato (1983 ) go ya kwa ngwageng wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bone ( 1994), o ne a nna mo maemong a a kwa godimo kwa mo makalaneng a le mmalwa a puso ya Prince George’s County, go akaretsa le mokaedi-khuduthamaga wa Khomišene ya Tshireletso ya Babereki , le mokaedi wa tirisanommogo ya banni kwa Lephateng la Ditirelo tsa Malapa. <ref name="pgplanning">{{Cite web |title=Meet the Commissioners |url=http://www.pgplanning.org/Planning_Board/About_The_Planning_Board/Meet_the_Commissioners.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160703143901/http://www.pgplanning.org/Planning_Board/About_The_Planning_Board/Meet_the_Commissioners.htm |archive-date=2016-07-03 |access-date=2016-07-09 |website=Prince George's County Planning Board}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bone (1994) o ne a tlhophiwa go nna lekgotla la kgaolo ya Prince George, kwa a neng a berekela teng dingwaga di robabobedi. O ne a le modulasetilo wa khansele dipaka tse pedi e le mothusa modulasetilo dipaka tse tharo. <ref name="mdhall" /> Fa a sena go tswa mo lekgotleng, Bailey o ne a bereka ele mogakolodi wa batsadi wa Dikolo tsa Sechaba/Puso tsa Prince George’s County. <ref name="pgplanning" /> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe ( 2001), Bailey o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mo lekgotleng la bosetšhaba la khuduthamaga la Mokgatlho wa Thuto ya Botshelo le Ditso tsa Maaforika a Amerika([[:en:Association_for_the_Study_of_African_American_Life_and_History|Association for the Study of African American Life and History]]) (ASALH); gape e le Tautona wa kgaolo ya Prince George. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bobedi (2002 ) o ne a tlhoma Mokgatlho wa Segopotso wa Harlem wa Kgaolo ya Prince George, a nna modulasetilo wa khuduthamaga ya one go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le boraro (2003) go ya go dikete tse pedi le lesome le bongwe ( 2011). Lekalana le tshwara moletlo wa ngwaga le ngwaga wa Harlem Renaissance, kakanyo e Bailey a e tlhamileng jaaka tsela ya go tlhagisa seabe sa botaki le setso sa Maaforika-Amerika ka nako ya Harlem Renaissance, le go bontsha tiro ya banni ba kgaolo ba ba tsweledisang boswa joo. <ref name="hrf">{{Cite web |title=The Honorable Dorothy F. Bailey |url=http://pghrf.org/dorothy-bailey/ |website=Harlem Remembrance Foundation of Prince George's County}}</ref> Moletlo ono o ngoka baeng ba le diketekete ngwaga le ngwaga mme o na le dipuiso tsa maboko, bodiragatsi, botaki le mmino wa jazz . <ref name="wp1">{{Cite news|title=Harlem Serenade: Prince George's Festival Aims to Inspire, Educate|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1999/04/28/harlem-serenade/bb0fa0b0-7b82-450b-b049-410e78a05362/}}</ref> Badiragatsi ba ba tumileng ba akaretsa modiragatsi Clifton Powell, yo o neng a bala maboko a ga Langston Hughes, le seopedi sa mmino wa jese e bong Jean Carne . <ref name="wp2">{{Cite news|title=Return of Harlem Renaissance|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/2000/05/04/return-of-harlem-renaissance/efd008c7-c2b3-49de-9c97-3c3b34692b65/}}</ref> Bailey o nnile le seabe se setona mo go tlhomeng mekgatlho e mengwe e le mmalwa e e sa direng dipoelo, go akaretsa le Mokgatlho wa LEARN (Mokgatlho o o sa Direng Poelo wa Boitlosobodutu jwa Mabelo tsa Thuto tsa Landover), Mokgatlho wa go Matlafatsa Banana wa Kiamsha, le Komiti ya Botsalano ya Toropo wa [[Setšhaba sa Segosi sa Bafokeng|Royal Bafokeng]] Sisters. Gape o kile a nna leloko la dikhuduthamaga tsa Lefatshe le tsa selegae tsa Lekgotla la Lefatshe la Basadi ba batho Bantsho . <ref name="mdhall" /> <ref name="wp3">{{Cite news|title=Pr. George's Leader Describes Shift on Forced Busing; Growing Power of Blacks Played Pivotal Role, Bailey Testifies in Bid to End Federal Lawsuit|url=https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-748721.html}}</ref> <ref name="wp4">{{Cite news|title=Bailey Returns To Power; Council Leader Previews Agenda|url=https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-619443.html}}</ref> == Ditlotla le Dietsele == ** Induction into the [[:en:Maryland_Women's_Hall_of_Fame|Maryland Women's Hall of Fame]], 2014<ref name="mdhall2">{{cite web |title=Maryland Women's Hall of Fame: Dorothy F. Bailey |url=http://msa.maryland.gov/msa/educ/exhibits/womenshall/html/bailey.html |website=[[State of Maryland]]}}</ref> ** [[:en:Gladys_Noon_Spellman|Gladys Noon Spellman]] Award for Public Service<ref name="mdhall2" /> ** [[:en:NAACP_Image_Award|NAACP Image Award]] for Political Activism, 1999<ref name="mdhall2" /><ref>{{cite news|newspaper=The Washington Post|title=A Big Message from a Small Messenger|first=Lisa|last=Frazier|date=November 24, 1999|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1999/11/24/a-big-message-from-a-small-messenger/b01904d1-2eae-48c0-b442-1997be939b1f/}}</ref> ** [[:en:The_National_Council_of_Negro_Women|The National Council of Negro Women]]'s [[:en:Mary_McLeod_Bethune|Bethune]] Recognition Award<ref name="mdhall2" /> ** [[:en:North_Carolina_Central_University|North Carolina Central University]]'s 2013 Alumnus of the Year<ref name="mdhall2" /> ** Induction into the Prince George's County Women's Hall of Fame, 1996<ref name="mdhall2" /><ref>{{cite news|newspaper=The Washington Post|title=Democrats See Challenge in Only Two Districts|first=Desson|last=Howe|date=October 31, 1998|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1998/10/31/democrats-see-challenges-in-only-two-districts/b0e3c100-7a3c-4c7a-8b63-752b058bb84c/}}</ref> ** Honorary Doctorate of Divinity from Riverside Baptist College and Seminary, 1991<ref name="mdhall2" /> * == Dikgatiso == * {{Cite book |last=Bailey |first=Dorothy F. |date=2011 |title=In a Different Light: Reflections and Beauty of Wise Women of Color |publisher=coProductions LLC |isbn=9780615455341}} == Ditshupiso == [[Karolo:Articles with hCards]] 7j5dfadivejfo5ggje0n8m30neamf5g 55266 55265 2026-09-22T13:30:42Z MmaBaggio 11091 55266 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dorothy F. Bailey''' ke moeteledipele wa banni wa Moamerika go tswa kwa Kgaolong ya Prince George, kwa [[Maryland]] . O ne a berekela mo lekgotleng la kgaolo dingwaga di robabobedi, a bereka dipaka tse pedi e le modulasetilo. O kile a nna mo dikhuduthamageng tsa mekgatlho e le mentsi ya bosechaba le ya selegae, go akaretsa le Lekgotla la Bosechaba la Basadi ba batho Bantsho le Mokgatlho wa Thuto ya Botshelo le Ditso tsa Maamerika ba ba Aforika . O ne a tlhoma Moletlo wa Tsosoloso wa Harlem wa kgaolo eo, o o ntseng o tshwarwa ngwaga le ngwaga fa e sale ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe (1999), mme a tlhoma mekgatlho e le mmalwa ya banni. O ne a tsenngwa mo [[:en:Maryland_Women's_Hall_of_Fame|Marylanf Women's Hall of Fame]] ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014). {{Infobox person|name=Dorothy F. Bailey|birth_place=[[Dunn, North Carolina]], U.S.|education=[[North Carolina Central University]]|known for={{hlist|[[Activist]]|[[Politician]]}}}} == Botshelo jwa gagwe == O tsholetswe kwa Dunn, kwa Bonoke jwa Carolina . O ne a nna le seabe la ntlha mo tirong ya go buelela ditshwanelo tsa banni fa a ne a ithuta thutaloago kwa Sekolong se setona sa North Carolina Central, se a neng a bona dithuto tsa gagwe BA kwa go sone ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bobedi (1962 ). O ne a dira dithuto tsa morago ga kalogo tsa thuto le thuto ya bagodi kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|Pennsylvania State University]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Maryland|University of Maryland]]. Kwa tshimologong ya tiro ya gagwe o ne a ruta kwa dikolong tsa puso mme a dira mo sekolong se setona sa Maryland, Upward Bound. <ref name="mdhall">{{Cite web |title=Maryland Women's Hall of Fame: Dorothy F. Bailey |url=http://msa.maryland.gov/msa/educ/exhibits/womenshall/html/bailey.html |website=[[State of Maryland]]}}</ref> Go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borato (1983 ) go ya kwa ngwageng wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bone ( 1994), o ne a nna mo maemong a a kwa godimo kwa mo makalaneng a le mmalwa a puso ya Prince George’s County, go akaretsa le mokaedi-khuduthamaga wa Khomišene ya Tshireletso ya Babereki , le mokaedi wa tirisanommogo ya banni kwa Lephateng la Ditirelo tsa Malapa. <ref name="pgplanning">{{Cite web |title=Meet the Commissioners |url=http://www.pgplanning.org/Planning_Board/About_The_Planning_Board/Meet_the_Commissioners.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160703143901/http://www.pgplanning.org/Planning_Board/About_The_Planning_Board/Meet_the_Commissioners.htm |archive-date=2016-07-03 |access-date=2016-07-09 |website=Prince George's County Planning Board}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bone (1994) o ne a tlhophiwa go nna lekgotla la kgaolo ya Prince George, kwa a neng a berekela teng dingwaga di robabobedi. O ne a le modulasetilo wa khansele dipaka tse pedi e le mothusa modulasetilo dipaka tse tharo. <ref name="mdhall" /> Fa a sena go tswa mo lekgotleng, Bailey o ne a bereka ele mogakolodi wa batsadi wa Dikolo tsa Sechaba/Puso tsa Prince George’s County. <ref name="pgplanning" /> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe ( 2001), Bailey o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mo lekgotleng la bosetšhaba la khuduthamaga la Mokgatlho wa Thuto ya Botshelo le Ditso tsa Maaforika a Amerika([[:en:Association_for_the_Study_of_African_American_Life_and_History|Association for the Study of African American Life and History]]) (ASALH); gape e le Tautona wa kgaolo ya Prince George. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bobedi (2002 ) o ne a tlhoma Mokgatlho wa Segopotso wa Harlem wa Kgaolo ya Prince George, a nna modulasetilo wa khuduthamaga ya one go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le boraro (2003) go ya go dikete tse pedi le lesome le bongwe ( 2011). Lekalana le tshwara moletlo wa ngwaga le ngwaga wa Harlem Renaissance, kakanyo e Bailey a e tlhamileng jaaka tsela ya go tlhagisa seabe sa botaki le setso sa Maaforika-Amerika ka nako ya Harlem Renaissance, le go bontsha tiro ya banni ba kgaolo ba ba tsweledisang boswa joo. <ref name="hrf">{{Cite web |title=The Honorable Dorothy F. Bailey |url=http://pghrf.org/dorothy-bailey/ |website=Harlem Remembrance Foundation of Prince George's County}}</ref> Moletlo ono o ngoka baeng ba le diketekete ngwaga le ngwaga mme o na le dipuiso tsa maboko, bodiragatsi, botaki le mmino wa jazz . <ref name="wp1">{{Cite news|title=Harlem Serenade: Prince George's Festival Aims to Inspire, Educate|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1999/04/28/harlem-serenade/bb0fa0b0-7b82-450b-b049-410e78a05362/}}</ref> Badiragatsi ba ba tumileng ba akaretsa modiragatsi [[Clifton Powell]], yo o neng a bala maboko a ga [[Langston Hughes]], le seopedi sa mmino wa jese e bong [[Jean Carey Bond|Jean Carne]] . <ref name="wp2">{{Cite news|title=Return of Harlem Renaissance|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/2000/05/04/return-of-harlem-renaissance/efd008c7-c2b3-49de-9c97-3c3b34692b65/}}</ref> Bailey o nnile le seabe se setona mo go tlhomeng mekgatlho e mengwe e le mmalwa e e sa direng dipoelo, go akaretsa le Mokgatlho wa LEARN (Mokgatlho o o sa Direng Poelo wa Boitlosobodutu jwa Mabelo tsa Thuto tsa Landover), Mokgatlho wa go Matlafatsa Banana wa Kiamsha, le Komiti ya Botsalano ya Toropo wa [[Setšhaba sa Segosi sa Bafokeng|Royal Bafokeng]] Sisters. Gape o kile a nna leloko la dikhuduthamaga tsa Lefatshe le tsa selegae tsa Lekgotla la Lefatshe la Basadi ba batho Bantsho . <ref name="mdhall" /> <ref name="wp3">{{Cite news|title=Pr. George's Leader Describes Shift on Forced Busing; Growing Power of Blacks Played Pivotal Role, Bailey Testifies in Bid to End Federal Lawsuit|url=https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-748721.html}}</ref> <ref name="wp4">{{Cite news|title=Bailey Returns To Power; Council Leader Previews Agenda|url=https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-619443.html}}</ref> == Ditlotla le Dietsele == ** Induction into the [[:en:Maryland_Women's_Hall_of_Fame|Maryland Women's Hall of Fame]], 2014<ref name="mdhall2">{{cite web |title=Maryland Women's Hall of Fame: Dorothy F. Bailey |url=http://msa.maryland.gov/msa/educ/exhibits/womenshall/html/bailey.html |website=[[State of Maryland]]}}</ref> ** [[:en:Gladys_Noon_Spellman|Gladys Noon Spellman]] Award for Public Service<ref name="mdhall2" /> ** [[:en:NAACP_Image_Award|NAACP Image Award]] for Political Activism, 1999<ref name="mdhall2" /><ref>{{cite news|newspaper=The Washington Post|title=A Big Message from a Small Messenger|first=Lisa|last=Frazier|date=November 24, 1999|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1999/11/24/a-big-message-from-a-small-messenger/b01904d1-2eae-48c0-b442-1997be939b1f/}}</ref> ** [[:en:The_National_Council_of_Negro_Women|The National Council of Negro Women]]'s [[:en:Mary_McLeod_Bethune|Bethune]] Recognition Award<ref name="mdhall2" /> ** [[:en:North_Carolina_Central_University|North Carolina Central University]]'s 2013 Alumnus of the Year<ref name="mdhall2" /> ** Induction into the Prince George's County Women's Hall of Fame, 1996<ref name="mdhall2" /><ref>{{cite news|newspaper=The Washington Post|title=Democrats See Challenge in Only Two Districts|first=Desson|last=Howe|date=October 31, 1998|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1998/10/31/democrats-see-challenges-in-only-two-districts/b0e3c100-7a3c-4c7a-8b63-752b058bb84c/}}</ref> ** Honorary Doctorate of Divinity from Riverside Baptist College and Seminary, 1991<ref name="mdhall2" /> * == Dikgatiso == * {{Cite book |last=Bailey |first=Dorothy F. |date=2011 |title=In a Different Light: Reflections and Beauty of Wise Women of Color |publisher=coProductions LLC |isbn=9780615455341}} == Ditshupiso == [[Karolo:Articles with hCards]] dryvjnlc94ur6y1wwf3v7sjvp78j32g 55346 55266 2026-09-23T04:44:39Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 55346 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dorothy F. Bailey''' ke moeteledipele wa banni wa Moamerika go tswa kwa Kgaolong ya Prince George, kwa [[Maryland]] . O ne a berekela mo lekgotleng la kgaolo dingwaga di robabobedi, a bereka dipaka tse pedi e le modulasetilo. O kile a nna mo dikhuduthamageng tsa mekgatlho e le mentsi ya bosechaba le ya selegae, go akaretsa le Lekgotla la Bosechaba la Basadi ba batho Bantsho le Mokgatlho wa Thuto ya Botshelo le Ditso tsa Maamerika ba ba Aforika . O ne a tlhoma Moletlo wa Tsosoloso wa Harlem wa kgaolo eo, o o ntseng o tshwarwa ngwaga le ngwaga fa e sale ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe (1999), mme a tlhoma mekgatlho e le mmalwa ya banni. O ne a tsenngwa mo [[:en:Maryland_Women's_Hall_of_Fame|Marylanf Women's Hall of Fame]] ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014). {{Infobox person|name=Dorothy F. Bailey|birth_place=[[Dunn, North Carolina]], U.S.|education=[[North Carolina Central University]]|known for={{hlist|[[Activist]]|[[Politician]]}}}} == Botshelo jwa gagwe == O tsholetswe kwa Dunn, kwa Bonoke jwa Carolina . O ne a nna le seabe la ntlha mo tirong ya go buelela ditshwanelo tsa banni fa a ne a ithuta thutaloago kwa Sekolong se setona sa North Carolina Central, se a neng a bona dithuto tsa gagwe BA kwa go sone ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bobedi (1962 ). O ne a dira dithuto tsa morago ga kalogo tsa thuto le thuto ya bagodi kwa [[:en:Pennsylvania_State_University|Pennsylvania State University]] le kwa [[:en:University_of_Maryland|University of Maryland]]. Kwa tshimologong ya tiro ya gagwe o ne a ruta kwa dikolong tsa puso mme a dira mo sekolong se setona sa Maryland, Upward Bound. <ref name="mdhall">{{Cite web |title=Maryland Women's Hall of Fame: Dorothy F. Bailey |url=http://msa.maryland.gov/msa/educ/exhibits/womenshall/html/bailey.html |website=[[State of Maryland]]}}</ref> Go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borato (1983 ) go ya kwa ngwageng wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bone ( 1994), o ne a nna mo maemong a a kwa godimo kwa mo makalaneng a le mmalwa a puso ya Prince George’s County, go akaretsa le mokaedi-khuduthamaga wa Khomišene ya Tshireletso ya Babereki , le mokaedi wa tirisanommogo ya banni kwa Lephateng la Ditirelo tsa Malapa. <ref name="pgplanning">{{Cite web |title=Meet the Commissioners |url=http://www.pgplanning.org/Planning_Board/About_The_Planning_Board/Meet_the_Commissioners.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160703143901/http://www.pgplanning.org/Planning_Board/About_The_Planning_Board/Meet_the_Commissioners.htm |archive-date=2016-07-03 |access-date=2016-07-09 |website=Prince George's County Planning Board}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bone (1994) o ne a tlhophiwa go nna lekgotla la kgaolo ya Prince George, kwa a neng a berekela teng dingwaga di robabobedi. O ne a le modulasetilo wa khansele dipaka tse pedi e le mothusa modulasetilo dipaka tse tharo. <ref name="mdhall" /> Fa a sena go tswa mo lekgotleng, Bailey o ne a bereka ele mogakolodi wa batsadi wa Dikolo tsa Sechaba/Puso tsa Prince George’s County. <ref name="pgplanning" /> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe ( 2001), Bailey o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mo lekgotleng la bosetšhaba la khuduthamaga la Mokgatlho wa Thuto ya Botshelo le Ditso tsa Maaforika a Amerika([[:en:Association_for_the_Study_of_African_American_Life_and_History|Association for the Study of African American Life and History]]) (ASALH); gape e le Tautona wa kgaolo ya Prince George. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bobedi (2002 ) o ne a tlhoma Mokgatlho wa Segopotso wa Harlem wa Kgaolo ya Prince George, a nna modulasetilo wa khuduthamaga ya one go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le boraro (2003) go ya go dikete tse pedi le lesome le bongwe ( 2011). Lekalana le tshwara moletlo wa ngwaga le ngwaga wa Harlem Renaissance, kakanyo e Bailey a e tlhamileng jaaka tsela ya go tlhagisa seabe sa botaki le setso sa Maaforika-Amerika ka nako ya Harlem Renaissance, le go bontsha tiro ya banni ba kgaolo ba ba tsweledisang boswa joo. <ref name="hrf">{{Cite web |title=The Honorable Dorothy F. Bailey |url=http://pghrf.org/dorothy-bailey/ |website=Harlem Remembrance Foundation of Prince George's County |access-date=2026-09-22 |archive-date=2017-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170125032407/http://pghrf.org/dorothy-bailey/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> Moletlo ono o ngoka baeng ba le diketekete ngwaga le ngwaga mme o na le dipuiso tsa maboko, bodiragatsi, botaki le mmino wa jazz . <ref name="wp1">{{Cite news|title=Harlem Serenade: Prince George's Festival Aims to Inspire, Educate|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1999/04/28/harlem-serenade/bb0fa0b0-7b82-450b-b049-410e78a05362/}}</ref> Badiragatsi ba ba tumileng ba akaretsa modiragatsi [[Clifton Powell]], yo o neng a bala maboko a ga [[Langston Hughes]], le seopedi sa mmino wa jese e bong [[Jean Carey Bond|Jean Carne]] . <ref name="wp2">{{Cite news|title=Return of Harlem Renaissance|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/2000/05/04/return-of-harlem-renaissance/efd008c7-c2b3-49de-9c97-3c3b34692b65/}}</ref> Bailey o nnile le seabe se setona mo go tlhomeng mekgatlho e mengwe e le mmalwa e e sa direng dipoelo, go akaretsa le Mokgatlho wa LEARN (Mokgatlho o o sa Direng Poelo wa Boitlosobodutu jwa Mabelo tsa Thuto tsa Landover), Mokgatlho wa go Matlafatsa Banana wa Kiamsha, le Komiti ya Botsalano ya Toropo wa [[Setšhaba sa Segosi sa Bafokeng|Royal Bafokeng]] Sisters. Gape o kile a nna leloko la dikhuduthamaga tsa Lefatshe le tsa selegae tsa Lekgotla la Lefatshe la Basadi ba batho Bantsho . <ref name="mdhall" /> <ref name="wp3">{{Cite news|title=Pr. George's Leader Describes Shift on Forced Busing; Growing Power of Blacks Played Pivotal Role, Bailey Testifies in Bid to End Federal Lawsuit|url=https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-748721.html|access-date=2026-09-22|archivedate=2016-09-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160911170800/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-748721.html}}</ref> <ref name="wp4">{{Cite news|title=Bailey Returns To Power; Council Leader Previews Agenda|url=https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-619443.html|access-date=2026-09-22|archivedate=2016-09-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160911164810/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-619443.html}}</ref> == Ditlotla le Dietsele == ** Induction into the [[:en:Maryland_Women's_Hall_of_Fame|Maryland Women's Hall of Fame]], 2014<ref name="mdhall2">{{cite web |title=Maryland Women's Hall of Fame: Dorothy F. Bailey |url=http://msa.maryland.gov/msa/educ/exhibits/womenshall/html/bailey.html |website=[[State of Maryland]]}}</ref> ** [[:en:Gladys_Noon_Spellman|Gladys Noon Spellman]] Award for Public Service<ref name="mdhall2" /> ** [[:en:NAACP_Image_Award|NAACP Image Award]] for Political Activism, 1999<ref name="mdhall2" /><ref>{{cite news|newspaper=The Washington Post|title=A Big Message from a Small Messenger|first=Lisa|last=Frazier|date=November 24, 1999|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1999/11/24/a-big-message-from-a-small-messenger/b01904d1-2eae-48c0-b442-1997be939b1f/}}</ref> ** [[:en:The_National_Council_of_Negro_Women|The National Council of Negro Women]]'s [[:en:Mary_McLeod_Bethune|Bethune]] Recognition Award<ref name="mdhall2" /> ** [[:en:North_Carolina_Central_University|North Carolina Central University]]'s 2013 Alumnus of the Year<ref name="mdhall2" /> ** Induction into the Prince George's County Women's Hall of Fame, 1996<ref name="mdhall2" /><ref>{{cite news|newspaper=The Washington Post|title=Democrats See Challenge in Only Two Districts|first=Desson|last=Howe|date=October 31, 1998|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1998/10/31/democrats-see-challenges-in-only-two-districts/b0e3c100-7a3c-4c7a-8b63-752b058bb84c/}}</ref> ** Honorary Doctorate of Divinity from Riverside Baptist College and Seminary, 1991<ref name="mdhall2" /> * == Dikgatiso == * {{Cite book |last=Bailey |first=Dorothy F. |date=2011 |title=In a Different Light: Reflections and Beauty of Wise Women of Color |publisher=coProductions LLC |isbn=9780615455341}} == Ditshupiso == [[Karolo:Articles with hCards]] lujns9y9a7z2qocxeldgs8knuzcd33q 0 15183 55270 2026-09-22T13:51:37Z JudithShe 9421 Ke simolotse thanolo ya tsebe ya ga Esther Mahlangu #BLT2026 55270 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Esther Nikwambi Mahlangu''' (o o tshotsweng ka Ngwanatsele a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a mararo le botlhano) ke motaki wa kwa [[Aforika Borwa]] o o itsegeng ka botaki jo bo senogileng jo bo rotloeditsweng ke lotso lwa gagwe lwa Ndebele. A godiseditswe kwa masimong kwa kgaolong ya [[Mpumalanga]], o simolotse go penta fa a santse a le ngwana mme o ne a seka a amogela temogo epe go fitlhelela ka dingwaga tsa sekete makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi. Ke mongwe wa batho ba ba tumileng ka go penta matlo ka mokgwa wa Ndebele ebile o bakile gore batho ba mafatshefatshe ba tlhome mofuta o leitlho ka go o dirisa mo didirisiweng tse dingwe jaaka tshipi le diaparo. Tiro ya gagwe e supilwe mo lefatsheng ka bophara ebile e tlhageletse a e dira le dikompone tse ditona di sthwana le BMW le Rolls-Royce. Fa godimo ga tiro ya gagwe ya botaki, Mahlangu o tsere karolo mo go ruteng le go somarela ngwao, a bula sekolo sa botaki kwa legaeng la gagwe go fetisa kitso ya go penta ga se Ndebele a e fetisetsa kwa dikokomaneng ba ba santseng ba leba botlana. Ke mongwe wa bataki ba ba istegeng thata ba Aforika Borwa.<ref name=":1">Mun-Delsalle, Y.-Jean (7 June 2019). [https://web.archive.org/web/20260211191735/https://www.forbes.com/sites/yjeanmundelsalle/2019/06/07/esther-mahlangu-one-of-south-africas-most-famous-artists-perpetuates-traditional-ndebele-painting/ "Esther Mahlangu, One Of South Africa's Most Famous Artists, Perpetuates Traditional Ndebele Painting".] ''Forbes''. Archived from the original on 11 February 2026. Retrieved 22 September 2026</ref> == Botshelo jwa a sa le mmotlana == Mahlangu o tshotswe ka Ngwanatsele a le lesome le motso ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a mararo le botlhano kwa masimong kwa ntle ga Middelburg, Mpumalanga, Aforika Borwa. Ke ngwana wa ntlha mo go ba robabongwe, a na le bo kgaitsadie ba le barataro le batsalwa le ene ba basadi ba le babedi, ke leloko la ba Ndebele ba kwa borwa.<ref>Magnin, André; Jacques Soulillou (1996)[[iarchive:contemporaryarto00magn/page/46|. "Esther Mahlangu".]] ''Contemporary Art of Africa''. [[:en:Abrams_Books|H. N. Abrams]]. pp.&nbsp;46 ''ff.'' ISBN&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-8109-4032-1|<bdi>978-0-8109-4032-1</bdi>.]]</ref> O simolotse go penta a le dingwaga di le lesome, a rutilwe ke mmaagwe le nkukuagwe go ya ka ngwao ya se Ndebele, e mo go yone basetsana ba ithutang go penta go baakanyetsa go kgabisa malwapa a bone kwa ntle morago ga lonyalo.<ref name=":2">McGlone, Peggy (3 October 2014). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/museums/ndebele-artist-mahlangu-uses-bold-colors-striking-graphics-to-honor-african-heritage/2014/10/03/6df5b87c-45af-11e4-b47c-f5889e061e5f_story.html "Ndebele artist Mahlangu uses bold colors, striking graphics to honor African heritage".] ''T[[:en:The_Washington_Post|he Washington Post]]''. Retrieved 22 September 2026</ref><ref>Luckett, Helen (2019). ''Great Women Artists''. London: Phaidon Press. p.&nbsp;254. I[[:en:ISBN|SBN]]&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7148-7877-5|<bdi>978-0-7148-7877-5</bdi>.]]</ref> == Tsa pereko == Go tswa ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi go tsena ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe le motso, Mahlangu e ne e le monni wa motse wa mo ditsong wa Botshabelo, e le mabolokelo a ditsoa a neng a seegetswe kwa thoko go ruta baeng ka ngwao ya Matebele.<ref>[https://themelrosegallery.com/artists/44-esther-mahlangu/ "Esther Mahlangu CV"] (PDF). ''Esther Mahlangu''. Retrieved 22 September 2026</ref><ref>[https://www.sothebys.com/en/articles/reinventing-tradition-esther-mahlangu "Reinventing Tradition: Esther Mahlangu"]. ''Southeby's''. 17 February 2017. Retrieved 22 September 2026</ref> O ne a amogela temogo e le lantlha ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabobedi le borobabongwe kwa ditshupong tsa Magiciens de la terre, tse di neng di tshwaretswe kwa Centre Pompidou le Grand halle de la Villete kwa Paris.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /><ref>Cushing, Nathan (17 September 2014). [https://rvanews.com/entertainment/south-african-artist-painting-commissioned-murals-at-vmfa/116911 "South African artist painting commissioned murals at VMFA"]. ''RVA News''. Retrieved 22 September 2026</ref><ref>Mabandu, Percy (6 March 2020). [https://artafricamagazine.org/dr-esther-mahlangu-in-concealed-colour/ "Dr Esther Mahlangu in concealed colour"]. ''Art Africa Magazine''. Retrieved 22 September 2026</ref> O ne a laleditswe morago ga gore basekaseki go tswa kwa ofising ya boemedi ya France, ba akaretsa morulaganyi Andre Magnin,<ref name=":1" /> ba etele Aforika Borwa ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabobedi le borataro mme ba bona mekgabisa kwa lolwapeng lwa gagwe.<ref name=":3">Protzman, Ferdinand (28 September 1996). [["Patterns of South African Life".]] ''The Washington Post''. Retrieved 22 September 2026</ref> Fa a goroga kwa Paris, o ne a fitlhela barulaganyi ba ditshupo ba agile setshwano sa ntlo ya gagwe, e a neng a e pentile a lebeletswe ke batho ba le dikete.<ref name=":4">[https://sahistory.org.za/people/esther-mahlangu "Esther Mahlangu".] ''South African History Online''. Retrieved 22 September 2026</ref> Ditshupo tse maikaelelo a tsone e ne e le go supa botaki jwa mafatshe a e seng a bophirima,<ref name=":1" /> katlego ya tsone e ne ya tsisa tiro ya ga Mahlangu fa pele ga batho ba mafatshefatshe.<ref name=":3" /><ref>Merelli, Annalisa (31 July 2019). [https://qz.com/1675881/how-les-magiciens-de-la-terre-at-centre-pompidou-changed-art-in-1989 "The Paris exhibition that changed global contemporary art".] ''Quartz''. Retrieved 22 September 2026</ref> Mo dikgweding tse pedi tse a neng a di ntse kwa France, o ne a feleletsa go penta mo teng ga mabolokelo a botaki a Angouleme.<ref name=":4" /> Ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabongwe, o ne a amogetse ditaletso go penta kwa mafatsheng le go supa tiro ya gagwe mo mafatsheng a feta lesome le bobedi.<ref name=":1" /> == Metswedi == 3sx9f2h49ylyq7k76u8thkfwmgr1dwz 0 15184 55272 2026-09-22T13:59:13Z VNGao 10152 Created page with "[[Setshwantsho:Renee Cox by David Shankbone.jpg|thumb|Renee Cox]] '''[[:en:Renee_Cox|Renee Cox]]''' ( yo o tshotsweng ka kgwedi ya Diphalane ele lesome le borataro, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro) ke mme wa letso la Jamaika - Amerika yo eleng motaki, mokapa ditshwantsho,morutuntshi , mma dipolotiki le moetelela setlamo sa ditshupegetso. Tiro ya gagwe e tsewa jaaka metako kana botaki jo bo supang go lwela botaki jwa bo mme mo Amerika. Tse din..." 55272 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Renee Cox by David Shankbone.jpg|thumb|Renee Cox]] '''[[:en:Renee_Cox|Renee Cox]]''' ( yo o tshotsweng ka kgwedi ya Diphalane ele lesome le borataro, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro) ke mme wa letso la Jamaika - Amerika yo eleng motaki, mokapa ditshwantsho,morutuntshi , mma dipolotiki le moetelela setlamo sa ditshupegetso. Tiro ya gagwe e tsewa jaaka metako kana botaki jo bo supang go lwela botaki jwa bo mme mo Amerika. Tse dingwe tsa tiro ya gagwe ee itsagaleng ka go kgatlhisa leitlho ke Queen Nanny of the Maroons, Raje le [[:en:Yo_Mama's_Last_Supper|''Yo Mama's Last Supper'']], tseo eleng sekao kana disupa jalo tiro ya gagwe jaaka [[:en:Black_Feminist|mme wa motho montsho]] mo go tsa polotiki. Mo godimo ga se , tiro ya gagwe e NE ya tsosa dipuo kana dikgang go remeletswe mo go tsa ngwao,go lwanela bantsho, bong le dikgang tsa selegae tsa Aforika. g175k1og90xghinobsdadpqz6u4t0m9 55281 55272 2026-09-22T16:30:36Z VNGao 10152 55281 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Renee Cox by David Shankbone.jpg|thumb|Renee Cox]] '''[[:en:Renee_Cox|Renee Cox]]''' ( yo o tshotsweng ka kgwedi ya Diphalane ele lesome le borataro, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro) ke mme wa letso la Jamaika - Amerika yo eleng motaki, mokapa ditshwantsho,morutuntshi , mma dipolotiki le moetelela setlamo sa ditshupegetso. Tiro ya gagwe e tsewa jaaka metako kana botaki jo bo supang go lwela botaki jwa bo mme mo Amerika. Tse dingwe tsa tiro ya gagwe ee itsagaleng ka go kgatlhisa leitlho ke Queen Nanny of the Maroons, Raje le [[:en:Yo_Mama's_Last_Supper|''Yo Mama's Last Supper'']], tseo eleng sekao kana disupa jalo tiro ya gagwe jaaka [[:en:Black_Feminist|mme wa motho montsho]] mo go tsa polotiki. Mo godimo ga se , tiro ya gagwe e NE ya tsosa dipuo kana dikgang go remeletswe mo go tsa ngwao,go lwanela bantsho, bong le dikgang tsa selegae tsa Aforika. Jaaka mokgethegi mo gotsa dibaesekopo le dinepe tse di dirilweng ka setegeniki , Cox o dirisa lesedi , maranyane a komputara le motswako kana sephiri sa gagwe se se mo farologanyang le ba bangwe go tsaa bontle le boleng jwa gagwe, motho kana selo. 873sfbwg0c8tcpk30b1abqfbdyodegu 55284 55281 2026-09-22T16:56:44Z VNGao 10152 55284 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Renee Cox by David Shankbone.jpg|thumb|Renee Cox]] '''[[:en:Renee_Cox|Renee Cox]]''' ( yo o tshotsweng ka kgwedi ya Diphalane ele lesome le borataro, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro)<ref>[https://www.reneecox.org/about Renee Cox Biography]". Renee Cox. Retrieved 22 September 2026</ref> ke mme wa letso la Jamaika - Amerika yo eleng motaki, mokapa ditshwantsho,morutuntshi , mma dipolotiki le [[:en:Curator|moetelela setlamo sa ditshupegetso]]. Tiro ya gagwe e tsewa jaaka metako kana [[:en:Feminist_art_movement_in_the_United_States|botaki jo bo supang go lwela botaki jwa bo mme mo Amerika]]. Tse dingwe tsa tiro ya gagwe ee itsagaleng ka go kgatlhisa leitlho ke Queen Nanny of the Maroons, Raje le [[:en:Yo_Mama's_Last_Supper|''Yo Mama's Last Supper'']], tseo eleng sekao kana disupa jalo tiro ya gagwe jaaka [[:en:Black_Feminist|mme wa motho montsho]] mo go tsa polotiki.<ref>Liss, Andrea (2009). Feminist art and the maternal. Minneapolis, Minnesota: University of Minnesota Press. pp. 96–107. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-8166-4622-7|978-0-8166-4622-7.]]</ref> Mo godimo ga se , tiro ya gagwe e NE ya tsosa dipuo kana dikgang go remeletswe mo go tsa ngwao,go lwanela bantsho, bong le dikgang tsa selegae tsa Aforika<ref>Nanda, Shaweta (2019-12-10). [https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0787/8/4/161 "Re-Framing Hottentot: Liberating Black Female Sexuality from the Mammy/Hottentot Bind".] ''Humanities''. '''8''' (4): 161. [[:en:Digital_object_identifier|doi]]:[https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0787/8/4/161 10.3390/h8040161]. [[:en:ISSN|ISSN]]&#x20;[https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:2076-0787 2076-0787].</ref>. Jaaka mokgethegi mo gotsa dibaesekopo le dinepe tse di dirilweng ka setegeniki , Cox o dirisa lesedi , maranyane a komputara le motswako kana sephiri sa gagwe se se mo farologanyang le ba bangwe go tsaa bontle le boleng jwa gagwe, motho kana selo. == Botshelo Pele == == Tiro == == Metswedi == 83xxnpv4x3kcw3crh6to701htyfhs19 0 15185 55274 2026-09-22T14:14:51Z JudithShe 9421 Ke simolotse thanolo ya tsebe ya ga Mary Sibande #BLT2026 55274 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Mary Sibande|birth_date=1982|education=Diploma ya Fine Arts kwa Technikon Witwatersrand, University ya Johannesburg|known for=Go betla Go kapa dinepe botaki|awards=Motaki wa moletlo wa botaki wa masome a matlhano le bone kwa Venice}} '''Mary Sibande''' (o o tshotsweng ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabobedi le bobedi)<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240523122132/https://www.marysibande.com/biography-cv/ "Biography & CV - Mary Sibande".] ''Mary Sibande''. Archived from [https://marysibande.com/ the original] on 23 May 2024. Retrieved 22 September 2026</ref> ke motaki wa kwa [[Aforika Borwa]] o o remeletseng kwa [[Johannesburg]]. Botaki jwa gagwe bo akaretsa go betla, go penta, go kapa dinepe, le go tlhama. Sibande o dirisa didirisiwa tse le methale go thusa go popego ya setho le go sekaseka kago ya sekao mo Aforika Borw morago ga puso ya tlhaolele. Fa godimo ga moo, Sibande o itebagantse le go dirisa tiro ya gagwe go supa maitemogelo a gagwe ka nako ya puso ya tlhaolele.<ref>Bidouzo-Coudray, Joyce (7 January 2014). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jan/07/mary-sibande-south-africa-art "Mary Sibande – poking at power relations in post-apartheid South Africa"]. ''The Guardian''. Retrieved 22 September 2026</ref> Botaki jwa gagwe bo leka go kgala tshupo e e tlwaleelsegileng ya basadi bogolo jang ba mmala o montsho.<ref name=":1">Nolundi (5 August 2016). [https://sahistory.org.za/people/mary-sibande "Mary Sibande".] ''South African History Online''. Retrieved 22 September 2026</ref> == Botshelo jwa a le mmotlana == Sibande o tsholetswe kwa Barberton ka nako ya go le tlhaolele kwa Aforika Borwa, o godisitswe ke nkukuagwe<ref name=":2">Fisher, Shireen (1 April 2018). [https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/fairlady/20180401/282806421956976 "We sit down with internationally acclaimed artist Mary Sibande"]. ''Fairlady''.</ref>. Mmaagwe e ne e le mmereki wa mo lwapeng, rraagwe a le mo sesoleng sa Aforika Borwa. O ne a sa iste rraagwe fa a santse a le monnye mme a simolola go mo itse fa a ntse a gola.<ref name=":2" /> Gantsi o fa babereki ba mo malwapeng tlotla mo botaking jwa gagwe ebile o leka go ba fa lentswe, se se tlhotlheleditswe ke maitemogelo a ga mmaagwe fa a bereka mo malwapeng.<ref>[https://news.columbia.edu/news/south-african-artist-mary-sibande-has-solo-exhibit-leroy-neiman-gallery "South African Artist Mary Sibande Has Solo Exhibit at Leroy Neiman Gallery | Columbia News".] ''news.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 22 September 2026</ref> Sibande o tlhalositse bongwana jwa gagwe bo ne bo siame thata, o bua gore "ke ne ke na le sengwe le sengwe se ke se tlhokang, ke tsene sekolo se se siameng se e neng e le sa batho ba ditso tse di tlhakaneng. Malwapa ka bontsi a ne a sa kgone go tsenya bana ba bone kwa dikolong tseo mme ke ne ke le lesego gore mme a bo a ne a kgona go dira jalo. Ke dumela gore seo gape se nkgarameditse ka tsela nngwe."<ref name=":2" /> == Thuto == Sibande o alogile ka diploma ya Fine Arts go tswa kwa Technikon Witwatersrand ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bone. O ne a aloga ka degree ya B-Tech go tswa kwa sekolong se segolwane sa ithutelo ditiro sa University of Johannesburg ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le bosupa.<ref name=":1" /><ref>Alexandra Dodd, [https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA246715031&v=2.1&u=lom_umichanna&it=r&p=AONE&sw=w&asid=00a85e6bce36face90b5748155a80b40 "Dressed to thrill: the Victorian postmodern and counter-archival imaginings in the work of Mary Sibande"], ''Critical Arts'', 24.3 (November 2010): p. 467.</ref><ref name=":2" /> Pele, Sibande o ne a batlile go nna moruki wa diaparo, botaki bo tsile kwa morago. Go batla go na moruki ke selo se a santseng a se batla ebile se itshupa mo tirong ya gagwe yotlhe. Thotloetso ya kapari e tlhagelela thata mo lokwalong lwa gagwe lwa botaki. Ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le motso, Sibande o ne a fudugela kwa go mmaagwe kwa Johannesburg kwa a neng a tsena sekolo kwa Witwatersrand Technikon.<ref name=":2" /> == Pereko le tiro == Sibande o dirisitse tiro ya gagwe go senola dilo tse dintsi tse di farologaneng, go simolola ka Aforika Borwa morago ga bokolone go tsena ka fa go akangwang ka basadi ka teng; o senola gape dikgang di tshwana le ka fa batho ba akanyang ka basadi ba bantsho ka teng mo Aforika Borwa.<ref>Brown, Carol (2011). "Recent Acquisitions at Two South African Collections: UNISA and Durban Art Gallery". ''African Arts''. '''44''' (3): 76–83. doi:[https://direct.mit.edu/afar/article/44/3/76-83/54692 10.1162/afar.2011.44.3.76]. ISSN&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:0001-9933 0001-9933.]</ref> Tiro ya gagwe e akaretsa methale e e farologaneng jaaka petlo, go kapa dinepe, go tlhama le go kopanya dilo tse di farologaneng ga mmogo le go diragatsa. == Metswedi == 75440a7gudmt8hm010vzkgfw05fq05e 0 15186 55279 2026-09-22T16:01:56Z MmaBaggio 11091 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1373414619|Bryonn Bain]]" 55279 wikitext text/x-wiki   Bryonn Bain ke mmoki wa kwa Amerika, motshameki, mogaka wa kgolegelo, mokwadi, moopedi wa hip-hop le maitsaanape wa dithuto tsa African American Studies le World Arts & Cultures kwa Sekolong sa Botaki le Sekolo sa Molao sa [[:en:University_of_California,_Los_Angeles|University of California at Los Angeles]](UCLA''').''' <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 August 2017 |title=Bryonn Bain |url=https://afam.ucla.edu/bryonn-bain/ |access-date=2021-07-21 |website=Department of African American Studies |language=en-US}}</ref> Thulaganyo ya gagwe ya go tshameka a le esi, ya <nowiki><i id="mwEQ">Lyrics From Lockdown,</i></nowiki> e ne ya gapa seetse sa "Best Solo Performance" go tswa go <nowiki><i id="mwEQ">LA Weekly</i></nowiki> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Wild |first=Stephi |date=August 21, 2018 |title=Stage Raw Announces Its 2017-2018 Theater Award Recipients |url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/los-angeles/article/Stage-Raw-Announces-Its-2017-2018-Theater-Award-Recipients-20180821 |access-date=2021-09-08 |website=BroadwayWorld.com |language=en}}</ref> le NAACP . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Clement |first=Olivia |date=June 13, 2019 |title=Lillias White, Viola Davis, Condola Rashad, and More Among NAACP Theatre Award Recipients |url=http://www.playbill.com/article/lillias-white-viola-davis-condola-rashad-and-more-among-naacp-theatre-award-recipients |access-date=2021-09-13 |website=Playbill |language=en}}</ref> E tlhamilwe ke Harry Belafonte, <ref>{{Cite news|last=Gates|first=Anita|date=2013-02-14|title=Correctional Association, Now a Producer of a Lament Against the Police|language=en-US|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/15/theater/reviews/lyrics-from-lockdown-at-national-black-theater.html|access-date=2021-09-14}}</ref>, moragonyana ya gatiswa Ka Ron Simons, Rob Reiner, le Gina Belafonte, gareng ga ba bangwe, thulaganyo eno e bua ka dikgang tsa go tsenngwa mo kgolegelong ka tsela e e seng kafa molaong - go akaretsa ya ga Bain le tsala ya gagwe e tona e bong Nanon Williams - ka maboko a a buiwang, moopelo wa hip-hop, calypso, metlae le mmino wa tlelasiki. Kgatiso ya yone ya bofelo e ne ya tshamekiwa kwa Academy Museum ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano ( 2025). Bain o ne a tlhoma lenaneo la thuto ya dikgolegelo (Prison Education Program) kwa UCLA ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015). Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019), lenaneo le ditshupo tsa gagwe kwa Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts di ne tsa tlhagisiwa mo kgaolong ya ntlha ya mainane kgotsa dipolelo tsa LA, e e neng ya gapa Seetsele sa Emmy. . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Bain is Helping Incarcerated People Find Redemption Through Creativity |url=https://spectrumnews1.com/ca/la-east/news/2019/01/07/ucla-professor-bryonn-bain-on-arts-activism-and-justice-reform |access-date=2021-09-08 |website=Spectrum News |language=en}}</ref> Bain o ne a tshegetsa dipuisano tsa ''My Two Cents'', e leng lenaneo la dipuisano la dikgang tsa segompieno mo BET, ka dipaka di le tlhano ka go latelana, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Columbia College Today |url=https://www.college.columbia.edu/cct_archive/nov_dec07/updates4.html |website=Columbia.edu}}</ref> mme a tshameka mo motshamekong wa ''Pig Hunt'', o e leng motshameko wa bofelo o o neng o tsamaisiwa ke mofenyi wa Seetse sa Academy e bong James Isaac. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Harvey |first=Dennis |date=2009-04-03 |title=Pig Hunt |url=https://variety.com/2009/film/box-office/pig-hunt-1200507336/ |access-date=2021-09-09 |website=Variety |language=en-US}}</ref> Modiri wa tsa ditlhaeletsano yo o tlhophilweng wa Tony, Bain e ne e le motlhagisi wa tsosoloso ya Broadway ya motshameko wa bogologolo wa ga Ntozake Shange ''o bidiwang <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/For_Colored_Girls_Who_Have_Considered_Suicide_/_When_the_Rainbow_is_Enuf" rel="mw:ExtLink" title="For Colored Girls Who Have Considered Suicide / When the Rainbow is Enuf" class="mw-redirect cx-link" data-linkid="52">For Colored Girls Who Have Considered Suicide / When the Rainbow is Enuf</a>''. <ref>{{Cite news|last=Sherman|first=Rachel|date=2022-05-09|title=Full List of the 2022 Tony Award Nominees|language=en-US|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/09/theater/tony-awards-nominees.html|access-date=2022-07-30}}</ref> == Lelwapa le thuto == Bain o tsholetswe kwa New York City ke batsadi ba ba neng ba fudugela kwa Brooklyn ba tswa kwa Trinidad, mme ke ene yo motona mo baneng ba le batlhano. Rraagwe wa Mo-India Bophirima e ne e le seopedi sa mmino wa calypso mme morago ga moo a nna lesole, mme mmaagwe yo o tswang kwa Asia Borwa, o ne a bereka e le mooki yo o kwadisitsweng wa ICU dingwaga di feta masome a mane. Bain o ne a tsena Sekolo se setona sa Columbia a le dingwaga di le lesome le borataro mme a ithuta maranyanea sepolotiki ka tlhoafalo mo Dithutong tsa batho Bantsho. O ne a tswelela pele go bona dikirii ya masetase ya Dipolotiki tsa Ditoropo, Dithuto tsa Ngwao le bodiragatsi kwa Sekolong se setona sa New York . Gape o ne a tsaya dithuto tse di kwa godimo (Juris Doctor) tsa Molao kwa Sekolong sa Molao sa Harvard . == Tiro == === Poko === Bain e ne e le Mmampodi wa Grand Slam wa Boston ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe ( 1999) mme ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi ( 2000), e ne ya nna Mmampodi wa Poko wa Grand Slam wa Nuyorica [[:en:National_Poetry_Slam|(Nuyorican Grand Slam Poetry Champion]]) . Bain o ne a le mo maemong a ntlha mo Lefatsheng mme a nna mo maemong a bobedi mo Mafatsheng ka nako Poko ya Slam ya Bodichabachaba ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi( 2000). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-01-19 |title=Bryonn Bain |url=https://lannan.georgetown.edu/past-guests/bryonn-bain/ |website=Lannan Center for Poetics and Social Practice |language=en-US}}</ref> === Go rulaganya === Bain o ne a simolodisa setlhopha sa Ba-Blackout Arts Collective ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bosupa (1997). O ne a rulaganya bataki, balwela ditshwanelo le barutuntshi ba mmala go dira lefelo la go rulaganya matsholo a mokgatlho wa tshiamiso, go dira botaki jo bo nang le seabe mo matshelong , le go dira gore go nne motlhofo go rulaganya dithuto tsa thuto ya sepolotiki mo dikolong tsa botlhe le mo dikgolegelong go ralala lefatshe. Ka nako ya fa BAC e ne e atlega thata, e ne e na le makalana mo ditoropong di le lesome go ralala lefatshe. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Guide to the Blackout Arts Collective Archive 1999-2011 (Bulk 2001-2007) MSS.379 |url=http://dlib.nyu.edu/findingaids/html/fales/blackout/bioghist.html |access-date=2021-07-21 |website=Nyu.edu}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 May 2013 |title=Fighting for social justice through spoken word |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna51781067 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220321132931/https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna51781067 |archive-date=March 21, 2022 |website=NBC News |language=en}}</ref> === Kgolego === Bain o dirile le go ruta dithuto tse di golaganyang dikgolegelo le Sekolo se setona sa Columbia , sa New York , sa The New School, Long Island , California kwa Los Angeles le boditšhabatšhaba kwa Oxford le Cambridge, kwa UK le sa Muteesa I Royal kwa Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gathesha |first=Kambi |date=April 19, 2021 |title=From Wrongful Arrest to Anti-Prison Activist: Bryonn Bain's Road to 'Lyrics From Lockdown' |url=https://www.columbiaspectator.com/the-eye/2021/04/18/from-wrongful-arrest-to-anti-prison-activist-bryonn-bains-road-to-lyrics-from-lockdown/ |website=Columbia Daily Spectator}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=February 28, 2022 |title=UCLA professor Bryonn Bain on race and justice in America |url=https://arts.ucla.edu/single/ucla-professor-bryonn-bain-on-race-and-justice-in-america/ |website=UCLA Arts: School of the Arts and Architecture |language=en}}</ref> Tiro ya gagwe e fitlheletse dikgolegelo mo dikgaolong di le masome a mabedi le botlhano kwa United States go akaretsa le Setlhaketlhake sa Rikers, Kgolegelo ya Sing Sing, Wallkill, DC, Lefelo la Kgolegelo la Toropokgolo, Lefelo la Kgolegelo tsa Basimane, Lekalana la Basadi la California, <ref name="UCLA">{{Cite web |last=Wolf |first=Jessica |date=May 16, 2018 |title=UCLA students and faculty learn while teaching classes behind bars |url=https://newsroom.ucla.edu/stories/ucla-prison-education-program |website=UCLA |language=en-US}}</ref> Lenaneo la Tlhokomelo ya Phetogo ya go Tsena Gape mo Setšhabeng, Ntlo lehalaha ya Bana ya Barry J Nidorf <ref name="UCLA" /> . Bain o ne a tlhoma Thulaganyo ya Thuto ya Kgolegelo kwa UCLA ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Wolf |first=Jessica |date=February 29, 2016 |title=From wrongfully jailed to artist, activist and UCLA professor |url=https://newsroom.ucla.edu/stories/from-wrongfully-jailed-to-artist-activist-and-ucla-professor |website=UCLA}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019), thulaganyo eno le bodiragatsi jwa gagwe kwa Kennedy Center di ne tsa bontshiwa mo kgaolong ya ntlha ya ''LA Stories'', e e neng ya gapa Seetsele sa Emmy . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Bain is Helping Incarcerated People Find Redemption Through Creativity |url=https://spectrumnews1.com/ca/la-east/news/2019/01/07/ucla-professor-bryonn-bain-on-arts-activism-and-justice-reform |website=Spectrum News |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 August 2019 |title="LA Stories" produced by Giselle Fernandez wins an Emmy Award |url=https://afam.ucla.edu/2019/08/06/la-stories-produced-by-giselle-fernandez-wins-an-emmy-award |website=Department of African American Studies}}</ref> === Bodiragatsi === Tiro ya ga Bain e ile ya supiwa kwa Bobogelong jwa Apollo (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo_Theater" rel="mw:ExtLink" title="Apollo Theater" class="cx-link" data-linkid="93">Apollo Theater</a>), kwa Ntlo lehalahal ya Carnegie, kwa lefelong la Lincoln, kwa Bobogelong jwa Sechaba(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Public_Theater" rel="mw:ExtLink" title="The Public Theater" class="cx-link" data-linkid="96">The Public Theater</a>, kwa Bobogelong jwa Bosetšhaba jwa batho Bantsho([[:en:National_Black_Theatre|The National Black Theatre]]), kwa Setlhaketlhakeng sa Rikers ( New York ), kwa lefelong la Bodiragatsi la botaki la New Jersey ([[:en:New_Jersey_Performing_Arts_Center|New Jersey Performing Arts Cente]]) ( Newark ), kwa Bobogelong jwa Digongwana tsa Badiragatsi([[:en:The_Actors'_Gang|The Actor’s Gang]]) ( Culver City ), kwa Bobogelong jwa Los Angeles ([[:en:Los_Angeles_Theatre_Center|Los Angeles Theater Center]])( Los Angeles ), kwa Moletlong ( Singapore ), Sekolo se seton sa Amerika ( Mexico ) le sekolo se setona a Muteesa Royal ( Uganda ), Kgolegelo ya Marion ( Ohio ), TEDX kwa Kgolegelong ya Puso ya Ironwood le Kgolegelo ya Sing Sing . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gates |first=Anita |date=14 February 2013 |title=Correctional Association, Now a Producer of a Lament Against the Police |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/15/theater/reviews/lyrics-from-lockdown-at-national-black-theater.html |website=The New York Times}}</ref> == Dipina == === Dialebamo === ** 2005: ''Problem Child: The Philosophy and Opinions of Bryonn Bain'' ** 2008: ''Don't Be Scared'' ** 2015: ''Life After Lockdown'' == Metshameko == ** 2002: ''Hunting in America'' ** 2003: ''Urban Scribe'' ** 2005: ''Filmic Achievement'' ** 2007: ''Lyrical Minded 415'' ** 2008: ''Pig Hunt'' ** 2014: ''The Darkest Hour: The Impact of Isolation and Death Row'' ** 2015: ''BaaaddD Sonia'' ** 2016: ''Chapter and Verse'' ** 2017: ''Why Prosecutors Matter'' ** 2018: ''On My Way'' [[File:Bryonn_Bain_at_National_Academy_of_Television_Arts_and_Sciences.jpg|thumb| Bain kwa Sekolong sa Bosetšhaba sa Botsweretshi jwa Thelebišene le Disaense]] ** 2019: ''Windows on the World''<ref>{{cite web |date=5 April 2019 |title="Windows on the World" film has just won best director and two other awards at the Method Film Festival in LA |url=https://afam.ucla.edu/2019/04/05/windows-on-the-world-film-has-just-won-best-director-and-two-other-awards-at-the-method-film-festival-in-la/ |website=Department of African American Studies}}</ref> ** 2024: ''[[imdbtitle:32460476|Ol' Dirty Bastard: A Tale of Two Dirtys]].'' Available on Hulu and Showtime. ''[https://grammymuseum.org/event/film-screening-in-the-hour-of-chaos-hip-hop-art-activism-with-chuck-d-5/ In the Hour of Chaos: Hip Hop Art & Activism with Public Enemy’s Chuck D]'' film screening at the [[:en:Grammy_Museum|Grammy Museum]]. Also available as a [https://www.amazon.com/Hour-Chaos-Activism-California-Studies/dp/0520427386 book]. ** 2025: ''[https://www.docnyc.net/film/beyond/ BEYOND], The Beyond the Block at Sing Sing Documentary'' (NYC DOCS Official Selection). ''[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt35543783/awards/?ref_=tt_awd 1906 Atlanta Race Massacre]'' (Official Selection at [[:en:South_by_Southwest|SXSW Film Festival]]). == Dibuka tse di gatisitsweng == ** ''The Prophet Returns: the hip hop generation remix of a classic. New York. 2011. <nowiki>ISBN 978-0-615-46982-9</nowiki>. OCLC 812712654.'' ** ''The Ugly Side of Beautiful: Rethinking Race and Prison in America. Mumia Abu-Jamal, Lani Guinier (1 ed.). Chicago. 2012. <nowiki>ISBN 978-0-88378-344-3</nowiki>. OCLC 825113457.'' ** ''Fish & Bread/Pescado y Pan, Brown Girls Books, 2015'' ** ''Rebel Speak: A Justice Movement Mixtape. UC Press. 2022. <nowiki>ISBN 9780520388437</nowiki>.'' ** ''Temple Worship, 2025'' == Ditshupiso == [[Karolo:Articles with hCards]] 2dyg2la1f9ocs8jnu1uh2vjnggosc72 55280 55279 2026-09-22T16:12:19Z MmaBaggio 11091 55280 wikitext text/x-wiki   Bryonn Bain ke mmoki wa kwa Amerika, motshameki, mogaka wa kgolegelo, mokwadi, moopedi wa hip-hop le maitsaanape wa dithuto tsa African American Studies le World Arts & Cultures kwa Sekolong sa Botaki le Sekolo sa Molao sa [[:en:University_of_California,_Los_Angeles|University of California at Los Angeles]](UCLA''').''' <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 August 2017 |title=Bryonn Bain |url=https://afam.ucla.edu/bryonn-bain/ |access-date=2021-07-21 |website=Department of African American Studies |language=en-US}}</ref> {{Infobox person|image=Bryonn Bain TEDxSingSing 2014.jpg|caption=Bain kwa Kgolegoleng ya TED Sing Sing|birth_place=[[New York City]], U.S.|occupation=Mokwadi, Moopedi, le Molweladitshwanelo}} Thulaganyo ya gagwe ya go tshameka a le esi, ya ''[https://lyricsfromlockdown.com/ Lyrics From Lockdown,]'' e ne ya gapa seetse sa "Best Solo Performance" go tswa go [[:en:LA_Weekly|LA Weekly]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Wild |first=Stephi |date=August 21, 2018 |title=Stage Raw Announces Its 2017-2018 Theater Award Recipients |url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/los-angeles/article/Stage-Raw-Announces-Its-2017-2018-Theater-Award-Recipients-20180821 |access-date=2021-09-08 |website=BroadwayWorld.com |language=en}}</ref> le [[:en:NAACP|NAACP]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Clement |first=Olivia |date=June 13, 2019 |title=Lillias White, Viola Davis, Condola Rashad, and More Among NAACP Theatre Award Recipients |url=http://www.playbill.com/article/lillias-white-viola-davis-condola-rashad-and-more-among-naacp-theatre-award-recipients |access-date=2021-09-13 |website=Playbill |language=en}}</ref> E tlhamilwe ke Harry Belafonte, <ref>{{Cite news|last=Gates|first=Anita|date=2013-02-14|title=Correctional Association, Now a Producer of a Lament Against the Police|language=en-US|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/15/theater/reviews/lyrics-from-lockdown-at-national-black-theater.html|access-date=2021-09-14}}</ref>, moragonyana ya gatiswa Ka [[Ron Simons]], Rob Reiner, le [[Gina Belafonte]], gareng ga ba bangwe, thulaganyo eno e bua ka dikgang tsa go tsenngwa mo kgolegelong ka tsela e e seng kafa molaong - go akaretsa ya ga Bain le tsala ya gagwe e tona e bong [[Nanon Williams]] - ka maboko a a buiwang, moopelo wa hip-hop, calypso, metlae le mmino wa tlelasiki. Kgatiso ya yone ya bofelo e ne ya tshamekiwa kwa Academy Museum ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano ( 2025). Bain o ne a tlhoma lenaneo la thuto ya dikgolegelo (Prison Education Program) kwa UCLA ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015). Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019), lenaneo le ditshupo tsa gagwe kwa Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts di ne tsa tlhagisiwa mo kgaolong ya ntlha ya mainane kgotsa dipolelo tsa LA, e e neng ya gapa Seetsele sa Emmy. . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Bain is Helping Incarcerated People Find Redemption Through Creativity |url=https://spectrumnews1.com/ca/la-east/news/2019/01/07/ucla-professor-bryonn-bain-on-arts-activism-and-justice-reform |access-date=2021-09-08 |website=Spectrum News |language=en}}</ref> Bain o ne a tshegetsa dipuisano tsa ''My Two Cents'', e leng lenaneo la dipuisano la dikgang tsa segompieno mo [[:en:BET|BET]], ka dipaka di le tlhano ka go latelana, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Columbia College Today |url=https://www.college.columbia.edu/cct_archive/nov_dec07/updates4.html |website=Columbia.edu}}</ref> mme a tshameka mo motshamekong wa ''[[:en:Pig_Hunt|Pig Hunt]]'', o e leng motshameko wa bofelo o o neng o tsamaisiwa ke mofenyi wa Seetse sa Academy e bong James Isaac. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Harvey |first=Dennis |date=2009-04-03 |title=Pig Hunt |url=https://variety.com/2009/film/box-office/pig-hunt-1200507336/ |access-date=2021-09-09 |website=Variety |language=en-US}}</ref> Modiri wa tsa ditlhaeletsano yo o tlhophilweng wa Tony, Bain e ne e le motlhagisi wa tsosoloso ya Broadway ya motshameko wa bogologolo wa ga Ntozake Shange ''o bidiwang [[:en:For_Colored_Girls_Who_Have_Considered_Suicide_/_When_the_Rainbow_is_Enuf|For_Colored_Girls_Who_Have_Considered_Suicide_/_When_the_Rainbow_is_Enuf]]'' <ref>{{Cite news|last=Sherman|first=Rachel|date=2022-05-09|title=Full List of the 2022 Tony Award Nominees|language=en-US|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/09/theater/tony-awards-nominees.html|access-date=2022-07-30}}</ref> == Lelwapa le thuto == Bain o tsholetswe kwa [[New York City]] ke batsadi ba ba neng ba fudugela kwa [[Brooklyn]] ba tswa kwa Trinidad, mme ke ene yo motona mo baneng ba le batlhano. Rraagwe wa Mo-India Bophirima e ne e le seopedi sa mmino wa calypso mme morago ga moo a nna lesole, mme mmaagwe yo o tswang kwa Asia Borwa, o ne a bereka e le mooki yo o kwadisitsweng wa ICU dingwaga di feta masome a mane. Bain o ne a tsena Sekolo se setona sa Columbia a le dingwaga di le lesome le borataro mme a ithuta maranyanea sepolotiki ka tlhoafalo mo Dithutong tsa batho Bantsho. O ne a tswelela pele go bona dikirii ya masetase ya Dipolotiki tsa Ditoropo, Dithuto tsa Ngwao le bodiragatsi kwa Sekolong se setona sa New York . Gape o ne a tsaya dithuto tse di kwa godimo ([[:en:Juris_Doctor|Juris Doctor]]) tsa Molao kwa Sekolong sa Molao sa Harvard . == Tiro == === Poko === Bain e ne e le Mmampodi wa Grand Slam wa Boston ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe ( 1999) mme ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi ( 2000), e ne ya nna Mmampodi wa Poko wa Grand Slam wa Nuyorica [[:en:National_Poetry_Slam|(Nuyorican Grand Slam Poetry Champion]]) . Bain o ne a le mo maemong a ntlha mo Lefatsheng mme a nna mo maemong a bobedi mo Mafatsheng ka nako Poko ya Slam ya Bodichabachaba ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi( 2000). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-01-19 |title=Bryonn Bain |url=https://lannan.georgetown.edu/past-guests/bryonn-bain/ |website=Lannan Center for Poetics and Social Practice |language=en-US}}</ref> === Go rulaganya === Bain o ne a simolodisa setlhopha sa Ba-Blackout Arts Collective ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bosupa (1997). O ne a rulaganya bataki, balwela ditshwanelo le barutuntshi ba mmala go dira lefelo la go rulaganya matsholo a mokgatlho wa tshiamiso, go dira botaki jo bo nang le seabe mo matshelong , le go dira gore go nne motlhofo go rulaganya dithuto tsa thuto ya sepolotiki mo dikolong tsa botlhe le mo dikgolegelong go ralala lefatshe. Ka nako ya fa BAC e ne e atlega thata, e ne e na le makalana mo ditoropong di le lesome go ralala lefatshe. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Guide to the Blackout Arts Collective Archive 1999-2011 (Bulk 2001-2007) MSS.379 |url=http://dlib.nyu.edu/findingaids/html/fales/blackout/bioghist.html |access-date=2021-07-21 |website=Nyu.edu}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 May 2013 |title=Fighting for social justice through spoken word |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna51781067 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220321132931/https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna51781067 |archive-date=March 21, 2022 |website=NBC News |language=en}}</ref> === Kgolego === Bain o dirile le go ruta dithuto tse di golaganyang dikgolegelo le Sekolo se setona sa Columbia , sa New York , sa The New School, Long Island , California kwa Los Angeles le boditšhabatšhaba kwa Oxford le Cambridge, kwa UK le sa Muteesa I Royal kwa Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gathesha |first=Kambi |date=April 19, 2021 |title=From Wrongful Arrest to Anti-Prison Activist: Bryonn Bain's Road to 'Lyrics From Lockdown' |url=https://www.columbiaspectator.com/the-eye/2021/04/18/from-wrongful-arrest-to-anti-prison-activist-bryonn-bains-road-to-lyrics-from-lockdown/ |website=Columbia Daily Spectator}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=February 28, 2022 |title=UCLA professor Bryonn Bain on race and justice in America |url=https://arts.ucla.edu/single/ucla-professor-bryonn-bain-on-race-and-justice-in-america/ |website=UCLA Arts: School of the Arts and Architecture |language=en}}</ref> Tiro ya gagwe e fitlheletse dikgolegelo mo dikgaolong di le masome a mabedi le botlhano kwa United States go akaretsa le Setlhaketlhake sa Rikers, Kgolegelo ya Sing Sing, Wallkill, DC, Lefelo la Kgolegelo la Toropokgolo, Lefelo la Kgolegelo tsa Basimane, Lekalana la Basadi la California, <ref name="UCLA">{{Cite web |last=Wolf |first=Jessica |date=May 16, 2018 |title=UCLA students and faculty learn while teaching classes behind bars |url=https://newsroom.ucla.edu/stories/ucla-prison-education-program |website=UCLA |language=en-US}}</ref> Lenaneo la Tlhokomelo ya Phetogo ya go Tsena Gape mo Setšhabeng, Ntlo lehalaha ya Bana ya Barry J Nidorf <ref name="UCLA" /> . Bain o ne a tlhoma Thulaganyo ya Thuto ya Kgolegelo kwa UCLA ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Wolf |first=Jessica |date=February 29, 2016 |title=From wrongfully jailed to artist, activist and UCLA professor |url=https://newsroom.ucla.edu/stories/from-wrongfully-jailed-to-artist-activist-and-ucla-professor |website=UCLA}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe (2019), thulaganyo eno le bodiragatsi jwa gagwe kwa Kennedy Center di ne tsa bontshiwa mo kgaolong ya ntlha ya ''LA Stories'', e e neng ya gapa Seetsele sa Emmy . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Bain is Helping Incarcerated People Find Redemption Through Creativity |url=https://spectrumnews1.com/ca/la-east/news/2019/01/07/ucla-professor-bryonn-bain-on-arts-activism-and-justice-reform |website=Spectrum News |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 August 2019 |title="LA Stories" produced by Giselle Fernandez wins an Emmy Award |url=https://afam.ucla.edu/2019/08/06/la-stories-produced-by-giselle-fernandez-wins-an-emmy-award |website=Department of African American Studies}}</ref> === Bodiragatsi === Tiro ya ga Bain e ile ya supiwa kwa Bobogelong jwa Apollo (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo_Theater" rel="mw:ExtLink" title="Apollo Theater" class="cx-link" data-linkid="93">Apollo Theater</a>), kwa Ntlo lehalahal ya Carnegie, kwa lefelong la Lincoln, kwa Bobogelong jwa Sechaba(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Public_Theater" rel="mw:ExtLink" title="The Public Theater" class="cx-link" data-linkid="96">The Public Theater</a>, kwa Bobogelong jwa Bosetšhaba jwa batho Bantsho([[:en:National_Black_Theatre|The National Black Theatre]]), kwa Setlhaketlhakeng sa Rikers ( New York ), kwa lefelong la Bodiragatsi la botaki la New Jersey ([[:en:New_Jersey_Performing_Arts_Center|New Jersey Performing Arts Cente]]) ( Newark ), kwa Bobogelong jwa Digongwana tsa Badiragatsi([[:en:The_Actors'_Gang|The Actor’s Gang]]) ( Culver City ), kwa Bobogelong jwa Los Angeles ([[:en:Los_Angeles_Theatre_Center|Los Angeles Theater Center]])( Los Angeles ), kwa Moletlong ( Singapore ), Sekolo se seton sa Amerika ( Mexico ) le sekolo se setona a Muteesa Royal ( Uganda ), Kgolegelo ya Marion ( Ohio ), TEDX kwa Kgolegelong ya Puso ya Ironwood le Kgolegelo ya Sing Sing . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gates |first=Anita |date=14 February 2013 |title=Correctional Association, Now a Producer of a Lament Against the Police |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/15/theater/reviews/lyrics-from-lockdown-at-national-black-theater.html |website=The New York Times}}</ref> == Dipina == === Dialebamo === ** 2005: ''Problem Child: The Philosophy and Opinions of Bryonn Bain'' ** 2008: ''Don't Be Scared'' ** 2015: ''Life After Lockdown'' == Metshameko == ** 2002: ''Hunting in America'' ** 2003: ''Urban Scribe'' ** 2005: ''Filmic Achievement'' ** 2007: ''Lyrical Minded 415'' ** 2008: ''Pig Hunt'' ** 2014: ''The Darkest Hour: The Impact of Isolation and Death Row'' ** 2015: ''BaaaddD Sonia'' ** 2016: ''Chapter and Verse'' ** 2017: ''Why Prosecutors Matter'' ** 2018: ''On My Way'' [[File:Bryonn_Bain_at_National_Academy_of_Television_Arts_and_Sciences.jpg|thumb| Bain kwa Sekolong sa Bosetšhaba sa Botsweretshi jwa Thelebišene le Disaense]] ** 2019: ''Windows on the World''<ref>{{cite web |date=5 April 2019 |title="Windows on the World" film has just won best director and two other awards at the Method Film Festival in LA |url=https://afam.ucla.edu/2019/04/05/windows-on-the-world-film-has-just-won-best-director-and-two-other-awards-at-the-method-film-festival-in-la/ |website=Department of African American Studies}}</ref> ** 2024: ''[[imdbtitle:32460476|Ol' Dirty Bastard: A Tale of Two Dirtys]].'' Available on Hulu and Showtime. ''[https://grammymuseum.org/event/film-screening-in-the-hour-of-chaos-hip-hop-art-activism-with-chuck-d-5/ In the Hour of Chaos: Hip Hop Art & Activism with Public Enemy’s Chuck D]'' film screening at the [[:en:Grammy_Museum|Grammy Museum]]. Also available as a [https://www.amazon.com/Hour-Chaos-Activism-California-Studies/dp/0520427386 book]. ** 2025: ''[https://www.docnyc.net/film/beyond/ BEYOND], The Beyond the Block at Sing Sing Documentary'' (NYC DOCS Official Selection). ''[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt35543783/awards/?ref_=tt_awd 1906 Atlanta Race Massacre]'' (Official Selection at [[:en:South_by_Southwest|SXSW Film Festival]]). == Dibuka tse di gatisitsweng == ** ''The Prophet Returns: the hip hop generation remix of a classic. New York. 2011. <nowiki>ISBN 978-0-615-46982-9</nowiki>. OCLC 812712654.'' ** ''The Ugly Side of Beautiful: Rethinking Race and Prison in America. Mumia Abu-Jamal, Lani Guinier (1 ed.). Chicago. 2012. <nowiki>ISBN 978-0-88378-344-3</nowiki>. OCLC 825113457.'' ** ''Fish & Bread/Pescado y Pan, Brown Girls Books, 2015'' ** ''Rebel Speak: A Justice Movement Mixtape. UC Press. 2022. <nowiki>ISBN 9780520388437</nowiki>.'' ** ''Temple Worship, 2025'' == Ditshupiso == [[Karolo:Articles with hCards]] ozzvu3mogrxmc4n08y0rlhw28m3z2rt 0 15187 55282 2026-09-22T16:40:00Z MmaBaggio 11091 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355667247|Turner W. Bell]]" 55282 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Turner W. Bell''' e ne e le mmueledi wa Moaforika a kwa Amerika yo o neng a bereka mo dikgetseng di le diketekete tsa semolao kwa Leavenworth le kwa Kansas City, kwa Missouri . == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Bell o tshotswe gaufi le <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corinth,_Mississippi" rel="mw:ExtLink" title="Corinth, Mississippi" class="cx-link" data-linkid="37">Corinth, Mississippi</a> ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi le masome a matlhano le borobabongwe ( 1859); <ref name="atty">{{Cite news|date=January 6, 1911|title=Att'y. Turner W. Bell|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-bystander-atty-turner-w-bell/198087562/|access-date=2026-05-23|work=The Bystander|pages=1}}</ref> rraagwe, e bong Peter Bell, e ne e le motlhanka wa mogolwane Sherman yo o fetileng. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabobedi le masome a marataro lw bone (1864) lelwapa le ne la fudugela kwa polaseng kwa <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas_County,_Iowa" rel="mw:ExtLink" title="Dallas County, Iowa" class="cx-link" data-linkid="39">Dallas County, Iowa</a> . <ref name="obit">{{Cite news|date=August 27, 1948|title=Turner W. Bell [obituary]|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-dispatch-turner-w-bell-obituary/198087044/|access-date=2026-05-23|work=The Dispatch|pages=13}}</ref> O ne a tsena dikolo tse di tlwaelegileng ka nako ya bonana jwa gagwe. O ne a aloga kwa Sekolong se setona sa Molao sa Drake mme a amogelwa ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola borataro, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi le masome a robabobedi le borataro (1886). <ref name="atty" /> O ne a fudugela kwa Kansas City, kwa Missouri, go ya go simolola tiro . Fa a goroga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabobedi le masome a robabobedi le bosupa (1887), o ne a bolelelwa ke mmueledi wa motho mosweu gore a tswe mo toropong ka a ne a tla bolawa ke tlala a leka go batla tiro kwa toropong. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabobedi le masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi (1888) ene le John Lewis Waller ba ne ba simologa go dirisana . [ 5 ] O ne a tuma ka bonako ka go dira gore batho ba gololwe ka pela kwa Kgolegelong ya United States kwa Leavenworth . Mo pakeng e e fa gare ga ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le botlhano ( 1915) le ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le borobabobedi (1918) fela o ne a seka dikgetsi di ka nna sekete le makgolo a mane. <ref name="Smith p. 498" /> Dingwe tsa dikgetse tsa gagwe tse di tumileng thata di akaretsa masole a batho bantsho a a neng a bonwe molato morago ga Dikhuduego tsa Houston tsa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le bosupa (1917) le go sireletsa banna ba bararo ba batho basweu ba ba neng ba bonwa molato wa go loga leano mo kgetsing ya Iron workers dynamite. Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mararo le botlhano (1935) o ne a tlotliwa ke Mmusisi Alf Landon (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alf_Landon" rel="mw:ExtLink" title="Alf Landon" class="cx-link" data-linkid="53">Governor Alf Landon</a>) ka ntlha ya tiro ya gagwe mo lephateng la semolao. <ref name="Smith p. 498" /> O ne a tlhokafala ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e le masome a mabedi le borataro, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mane le borobabobedi (1948) kwa Leavenworth. <ref name="obit" /> == Ditshupiso == == Ditiro tse di nopotsweng == * {{Cite book |last=Smith |first=J. Clay Jr. |year=1999 |title=Emancipation: The Making of the Black Lawyer, 1844-1944 |publisher=[[University of Pennsylvania Press]] |isbn=9780812216851 |edition=1999}} [[Karolo:Articles with hCards]] rsehoxsh8h87f1ai1wjtsasbfay6dd1 55283 55282 2026-09-22T16:55:39Z MmaBaggio 11091 55283 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Turner W. Bell''' e ne e le mmueledi wa Moaforika a kwa Amerika yo o neng a bereka mo dikgetseng di le diketekete tsa semolao kwa Leavenworth le kwa Kansas City, kwa Missouri . {{Infobox person|image=Turner W Bell kansas lawyer.png|caption=circa 1914|birth_date=1859|death_date={{death date and age|1948|08|26|1859}}|occupation=[[Lawyer]]}} == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Bell o tshotswe gaufi le [[Corinth, Mississippi]] ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi le masome a matlhano le borobabongwe ( 1859); <ref name="atty">{{Cite news|date=January 6, 1911|title=Att'y. Turner W. Bell|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-bystander-atty-turner-w-bell/198087562/|access-date=2026-05-23|work=The Bystander|pages=1}}</ref> rraagwe, e bong Peter Bell, e ne e le motlhanka wa mogolwane Sherman yo o fetileng. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabobedi le masome a marataro lw bone (1864) lelwapa le ne la fudugela kwa polaseng kwa [[:en:Dallas_County,_Iowa|Dallas County,Iowa]]. <ref name="obit">{{Cite news|date=August 27, 1948|title=Turner W. Bell [obituary]|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-dispatch-turner-w-bell-obituary/198087044/|access-date=2026-05-23|work=The Dispatch|pages=13}}</ref> O ne a tsena dikolo tse di tlwaelegileng ka nako ya bonana jwa gagwe. O ne a aloga kwa Sekolong se setona sa Molao sa Drake mme a amogelwa ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola borataro, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi le masome a robabobedi le borataro (1886). <ref name="atty" /> O ne a fudugela kwa Kansas City, kwa Missouri, go ya go simolola tiro . Fa a goroga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabobedi le masome a robabobedi le bosupa (1887), o ne a bolelelwa ke mmueledi wa motho mosweu gore a tswe mo toropong ka a ne a tla bolawa ke tlala a leka go batla tiro kwa toropong. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabobedi le masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi (1888) ene le John Lewis Waller ba ne ba simologa go dirisana.<ref>[[:en:Turner_W._Bell#CITEREFSmith1999|Smith 1999,]] p.&#x20;495.</ref> O ne a tuma ka bonako ka go dira gore batho ba gololwe ka pela kwa Kgolegelong ya United States kwa Leavenworth . Mo pakeng e e fa gare ga ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le botlhano ( 1915) le ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le borobabobedi (1918) fela o ne a seka dikgetsi di ka nna sekete le makgolo a mane. <ref name="Smith p. 498" /> Dingwe tsa dikgetse tsa gagwe tse di tumileng thata di akaretsa masole a batho bantsho a a neng a bonwe molato morago ga Dikhuduego tsa Houston tsa ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le bosupa (1917) le go sireletsa banna ba bararo ba batho basweu ba ba neng ba bonwa molato wa go loga leano mo kgetsing ya Iron workers dynamite. Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mararo le botlhano (1935) o ne a tlotliwa ke Mmusisi Alf Landon ([[:en:Alf_Landon|Governor Alf Landon]]) ka ntlha ya tiro ya gagwe mo lephateng la semolao. O ne a tlhokafala ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e le masome a mabedi le borataro, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mane le borobabobedi (1948) kwa Leavenworth. <ref name="obit" /> == Ditshupiso == [[Karolo:Articles with hCards]] <references /> == Ditiro tse di nopotsweng == * {{Cite book |last=Smith |first=J. Clay Jr. |year=1999 |title=Emancipation: The Making of the Black Lawyer, 1844-1944 |publisher=[[University of Pennsylvania Press]] |isbn=9780812216851 |edition=1999}} iy49t6q47ksxzfqc12hh6bx0canavsp 0 15188 55285 2026-09-22T17:02:50Z Ngwanana 12523 Created page with "TSELA YA GO BAKA DIMAFENE [[Setshwantsho:Cupcakes from Get Caked.png|thumb|491x491px|Dimafene]] '''Dimafene''' ke dikuku tse di bakiwang,mme di na le dittso tse farologaneng,jaaka vanila,tshokolete jalo le jalo. METSWAKO YA GO DIRA DIMAFENE 2 dikopi tsa bupi jo bo dirisiwang mo dilong tsotlhe 3 maswana a baking powder 3/4 kopi ya sukiri e tshweu 1 lee le legolo 1 kopi ya mashi 1/4 kopi ya oli ya merogo 1/2 leswana la letswai DITAELO TSA GO TLHAKANYA METSWAKO G..." 55285 wikitext text/x-wiki TSELA YA GO BAKA DIMAFENE [[Setshwantsho:Cupcakes from Get Caked.png|thumb|491x491px|Dimafene]] '''Dimafene''' ke dikuku tse di bakiwang,mme di na le dittso tse farologaneng,jaaka vanila,tshokolete jalo le jalo. METSWAKO YA GO DIRA DIMAFENE 2 dikopi tsa bupi jo bo dirisiwang mo dilong tsotlhe 3 maswana a baking powder 3/4 kopi ya sukiri e tshweu 1 lee le legolo 1 kopi ya mashi 1/4 kopi ya oli ya merogo 1/2 leswana la letswai DITAELO TSA GO TLHAKANYA METSWAKO GO DIRA DI MAFENE Gotetsa pele le go baakanyetsa: Gotetsa onto ya gago go fitlha go 200°C (400°F). Tshasa thini ya di-muffin ya dikopi di le 12 ka mafura kgotsa o e tsenye ka di-liners tsa pampiri. Tlhakanya Metswako e e Omileng: Fuduga bupi, baking powder, letswai le sukiri mmogo mo mogopong o mogolo. Dira phatla e nnye (sediba) mo gare. Tlhakanya Metswako e e Metsi: Betha lee mo mogopong o monnye, morago ga moo tlhakanya mashi le oli ya merogo. Kopanya: Tshela motswako o o metsi mo motswakong o o omileng. Fuduga ka bonako le ka botlhofo ka foroko go fitlha e koloba fela. O se ka wa tlhakanya go feta selekanyo; bata e tshwanetse go nna e le makukunya go se kae go boloka dimafene di le bonolo. Tlatsa Tin: Lepola bata ka go lekana mo dikopong tsa dimafene, o tlatse nngwe le nngwe e e ka nnang dikotara di le tharo e e tletseng. Baka: Baka mo ontong e e goteditsweng pele metsotso e le 20 go ya go e le 25, kgotsa go fitlha ditlhogo di boela morago fa di tobediwa go se kae. Sediriswa sa go tlhotlhora meno se se tsenngwang mo gare se tshwanetse go tswa se le phepa. == DITSHUPISO == 1.https://www.tamingtwins.com/vanilla-cupcakes/?gad_source=1&gad_campaignid=23374585844&gbraid=0AAAAA_Wg1tborM5lp59VzBRxuTx5RWDA_&gclid=Cj0KCQjwzsjVBhC3ARIsALnMv4ntfcqOj2Wq6-reDCF_Iib8lTv9b9EaWo7OaXACzJi6IKM4qS3Ir0IaApXNEALw_wcB<nowiki/>By Sarah Rossi on Apr 23, 2026 [[Karolo:Sweet]] [[Karolo:Desert]] 19w1twn6z6a4jli63fadnrsuu8lpmbk 0 15189 55286 2026-09-22T17:26:44Z VNGao 10152 Created page with "[[:en:Michelle_Holmes|'''Michelle Holmes''']] ( a tshotsweng ele '''Corinne Michelle Cunliffe'''; ka kgwedi ya Firikgong e rogwa , ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa) ke modiragatsi wa letso la Borithane yo o tlhageletseng mo thelebishining kana setshwantshong segolo bogolo mo [[:en:Coronation_Street|''Coronation Street'']] ( sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe go tsena ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabon..." 55286 wikitext text/x-wiki [[:en:Michelle_Holmes|'''Michelle Holmes''']] ( a tshotsweng ele '''Corinne Michelle Cunliffe'''; ka kgwedi ya Firikgong e rogwa , ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa) ke modiragatsi wa letso la Borithane yo o tlhageletseng mo thelebishining kana setshwantshong segolo bogolo mo [[:en:Coronation_Street|''Coronation Street'']] ( sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe go tsena ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, le masome a borobabongwe,1989–1990), [[:en:Goodnight_Sweetheart_(TV_series)|Goodnight Sweetheart]] (sekete,makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le boraro go tsena sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le borataro,1993–1996), [[:en:Above_Suspicion_(TV_series)|Above Suspicion]] ( ketepedi le borobongwe go tsena ketepedi le lesome le bobedi 2009–2012) [[:en:Hollyoaks|le Hollyoaks]] ( ketepedi le lesome le bosupa go tsena ketepedi lesome le borobabedi, 2017–2018). == Botshelo Pele == s4mets6hdq1t9kblclpwhymgky01ntn 55287 55286 2026-09-22T17:49:34Z VNGao 10152 /* Botshelo Pele */ 55287 wikitext text/x-wiki [[:en:Michelle_Holmes|'''Michelle Holmes''']] ( a tshotsweng ele '''Corinne Michelle Cunliffe'''; ka kgwedi ya Firikgong e rogwa , ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa) ke modiragatsi wa letso la Borithane yo o tlhageletseng mo thelebishining kana setshwantshong segolo bogolo mo [[:en:Coronation_Street|''Coronation Street'']] ( sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe go tsena ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, le masome a borobabongwe,1989–1990), [[:en:Goodnight_Sweetheart_(TV_series)|Goodnight Sweetheart]] (sekete,makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le boraro go tsena sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le borataro,1993–1996), [[:en:Above_Suspicion_(TV_series)|Above Suspicion]] ( ketepedi le borobongwe go tsena ketepedi le lesome le bobedi 2009–2012) [[:en:Hollyoaks|le Hollyoaks]] ( ketepedi le lesome le bosupa go tsena ketepedi lesome le borobabedi, 2017–2018). == Botshelo Pele == Holmes o tsholetswe kwa Rochdale mo Lancashire. One a fetola leina la gagwe la matsalo gore a kgone gonna mongwe wa maloko a badirigatsi la [[:en:Equity_(British_trade_union)|Equity]]. Holmes one a diragatsa kwa setlhopheng sa mmino wa pop sa Dunky Dobbers. dvfpp6g7xrjjycyvjh78y9ayw485jf6 55288 55287 2026-09-22T18:37:08Z VNGao 10152 /* Botshelo Pele */ 55288 wikitext text/x-wiki [[:en:Michelle_Holmes|'''Michelle Holmes''']] ( a tshotsweng ele '''Corinne Michelle Cunliffe'''; ka kgwedi ya Firikgong e rogwa , ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa) ke modiragatsi wa letso la Borithane yo o tlhageletseng mo thelebishining kana setshwantshong segolo bogolo mo [[:en:Coronation_Street|''Coronation Street'']] ( sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe go tsena ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, le masome a borobabongwe,1989–1990), [[:en:Goodnight_Sweetheart_(TV_series)|Goodnight Sweetheart]] (sekete,makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le boraro go tsena sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le borataro,1993–1996), [[:en:Above_Suspicion_(TV_series)|Above Suspicion]] ( ketepedi le borobongwe go tsena ketepedi le lesome le bobedi 2009–2012) [[:en:Hollyoaks|le Hollyoaks]] ( ketepedi le lesome le bosupa go tsena ketepedi lesome le borobabedi, 2017–2018). == Botshelo Pele == Holmes o tsholetswe kwa Rochdale mo Lancashire. One a fetola leina la gagwe la matsalo gore a kgone gonna mongwe wa maloko a badirigatsi la [[:en:Equity_(British_trade_union)|Equity]]. Holmes one a diragatsa kwa setlhopheng sa mmino wa pop sa Dunky Dobbers. == Tiro == Tiro ya ntlha ya bodiragatsi ya ga Holmes ene ele mo motshamekong wa [[:en:ITV_Granada|ITV]] wa ''[[:en:The_Practice_(1985_TV_series)|The Practice]]'' jaaka Susan Turner, eleng ene yo o amogelang batho mo eetlamong. Pele one a neetswe karoo ya nakwana, mme ene yare morago ga go sala moapei wa motshameko kwa [[:en:ITV_Granada|Granada]] ka go letsa asa ipone tsapa, one a neelwa monyetla wa go gaisalanela karolo ya ga Susan, mme a atlega. Holmes o itsagale fa ane a tshameka karolo ya Sue, yo mongwe wa motlhokomedi wa bana mo Rita,Sue and Bob Too bao ba neng ba rokotswa ke rre yo motona. Morago fela ga ngwaga one a tlhagelela mo jaaka Goth Jenny mo ''Damon and Debbie'', le jaaka Tina Fowler imo ''Coronation Street''.Holmes played Yvonne Sparrow in the first three series of ''Goodnight Sweetheart'', and Maggie Coles in ''Firm Friends''. O tlhageletse jaaka Marie motshameko motseletsele jwa ''Common'' ''jaaka Muck''. Holmes o tlhageletse mo ''Emmerdale'' gabedi; ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe,masome a robabongwe le bobedi jaaka Lindsay Carmichael, le ka ngwagawa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masomearobabongwele botlhano jaaka Britt Woods . hpddrb961ka3qpwmatjhvberex16k5i 55289 55288 2026-09-22T18:43:57Z VNGao 10152 /* Tiro */ 55289 wikitext text/x-wiki [[:en:Michelle_Holmes|'''Michelle Holmes''']] ( a tshotsweng ele '''Corinne Michelle Cunliffe'''; ka kgwedi ya Firikgong e rogwa , ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a marataro le bosupa) ke modiragatsi wa letso la Borithane yo o tlhageletseng mo thelebishining kana setshwantshong segolo bogolo mo [[:en:Coronation_Street|''Coronation Street'']] ( sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabobedi le borobabongwe go tsena ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, le masome a borobabongwe,1989–1990), [[:en:Goodnight_Sweetheart_(TV_series)|Goodnight Sweetheart]] (sekete,makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le boraro go tsena sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masome a robabongwe le borataro,1993–1996), [[:en:Above_Suspicion_(TV_series)|Above Suspicion]] ( ketepedi le borobongwe go tsena ketepedi le lesome le bobedi 2009–2012) [[:en:Hollyoaks|le Hollyoaks]] ( ketepedi le lesome le bosupa go tsena ketepedi lesome le borobabedi, 2017–2018). == Botshelo Pele == Holmes o tsholetswe kwa Rochdale mo Lancashire. One a fetola leina la gagwe la matsalo gore a kgone gonna mongwe wa maloko a badirigatsi la [[:en:Equity_(British_trade_union)|Equity]]. Holmes one a diragatsa kwa setlhopheng sa mmino wa pop sa Dunky Dobbers. == Tiro == Tiro ya ntlha ya bodiragatsi ya ga Holmes ene ele mo motshamekong wa [[:en:ITV_Granada|ITV]] wa ''[[:en:The_Practice_(1985_TV_series)|The Practice]]'' jaaka Susan Turner, eleng ene yo o amogelang batho mo eetlamong. Pele one a neetswe karoo ya nakwana, mme ene yare morago ga go sala moapei wa motshameko kwa [[:en:ITV_Granada|Granada]] ka go letsa asa ipone tsapa, one a neelwa monyetla wa go gaisalanela karolo ya ga Susan, mme a atlega. Holmes o itsagale fa ane a tshameka karolo ya Sue, yo mongwe wa motlhokomedi wa bana mo [[:en:Rita,_Sue_and_Bob_Too|Rita,Sue and Bob Too]] bao ba neng ba rokotswa ke rre yo motona. Morago fela ga ngwaga one a tlhagelela mo jaaka Goth Jenny mo ''[[:en:Damon_and_Debbie|Damon and Debbie]]'', le jaaka [[:en:List_of_Coronation_Street_characters_introduced_in_1989|Tina Fowler]] imo ''Coronation Street''.Holmes played Yvonne Sparrow in the first three series of ''Goodnight Sweetheart'', and Maggie Coles in ''Firm Friends''. O tlhageletse jaaka Marie motshameko motseletsele jwa [[:en:Common_As_Muck|''Common'' ''jaaka Muck'']]. Holmes o tlhageletse mo ''[[:en:Emmerdale|Emmerdale]]'' gabedi; ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe,masome a robabongwe le bobedi jaaka Lindsay Carmichael, le ka ngwagawa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe, masomearobabongwele botlhano jaaka Britt Woods . pq9czfzjskqv61j3433esrqbu3nie0k 0 15190 55291 2026-09-22T19:55:20Z Reagoleboga 10854 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1322339902|Droëwors]]" 55291 wikitext text/x-wiki   Dikgapetla ka Seaforikanse ke Droëwors " go tswa go SeDutch "droge worst") ke dijo tse di jewang kwa borwa jwa Aforika, tse di theilweng mo setlhareng sa setso sa boerewors sa peo ya coriander. Ka tlwaelo e dirwa jaaka dunwors go na le dikwors, ka gore sausage e tshesane e omelela ka bonako mme ka jalo ga go na kgonagalo ya gore e senyege pele e ka bolokwa. Fa e le gore dikwors di tshwanetse go dirisiwa, gantsi di a thubaganngwa gore go nne le lefelo le legolo le di ka omisiwang mo go lone. Kakaretso e e dirisiwang go dira disoseje tse di omisitsweng e tshwana le ya boerewors, le fa nama ya kolobe le ya namane gantsi di emisediwa ka nama ya kgomo, jaaka ya pele e ka nna botshe fa e omisitswe, mme mafura a nku a emisetsa mafura a kolobe a a dirisiwang mo boerewors. Go omisa go dira gore soseje e siamele go bolokiwa e sa tsidifadiwa. Droëwors ga e a tlwaelega gareng ga nama e e omisitsweng ka go omisiwa ka bonako mo maemong a a bothitho, a a omileng, go sa tshwane le droge worst ya setso le salumi e e omisitsweng ya Italy, e e omisiwang ka bonya mo maemong a a tsididi le a a bongola. Mo godimo ga moo, droëwors ga e na seedi se se dirang gore e nne thata jaaka e fitlhelwa mo borosong jo bo omisitsweng. Ka jalo, didroëwors tse di bolokilweng mo maemong a a bongola di ka nna le mouta, go farologana le disoseje tse di omisitsweng. Setlhagiswa seno se amana ka leina le ka tlholego ya sone le setlhare sa Dutch sa droge worst, se gape se itsegeng e le metworst. == Bona gape ==   == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Dikgapetla]] 3hqk5hk8c3rnr1m5pnd8blveidr7rqj 55292 55291 2026-09-22T19:58:37Z Reagoleboga 10854 added information 55292 wikitext text/x-wiki   === '''Dikgapetla''' === Dikgapetla ka Seaforikanse ke Droëwors " go tswa go SeDutch "droge worst") ke dijo tse di jewang kwa borwa jwa Aforika, tse di theilweng mo setlhareng sa setso sa boerewors sa peo ya coriander. Ka tlwaelo e dirwa jaaka dunwors go na le dikwors, ka gore sausage e tshesane e omelela ka bonako mme ka jalo ga go na kgonagalo ya gore e senyege pele e ka bolokwa. Fa e le gore dikwors di tshwanetse go dirisiwa, gantsi di a thubaganngwa gore go nne le lefelo le legolo le di ka omisiwang mo go lone.<ref>https://www.sapeople.com/news/south-african-foods-expats-struggle-to-find/</ref> Kakaretso e e dirisiwang go dira disoseje tse di omisitsweng e tshwana le ya boerewors, le fa nama ya kolobe le ya namane gantsi di emisediwa ka nama ya kgomo, jaaka ya pele e ka nna botshe fa e omisitswe, mme mafura a nku a emisetsa mafura a kolobe a a dirisiwang mo boerewors. Go omisa go dira gore soseje e siamele go bolokiwa e sa tsidifadiwa.<ref>https://www.foodformzansi.co.za/biltong-a-taste-of-tradition-with-a-slice-of-caution/</ref> Droëwors ga e a tlwaelega gareng ga nama e e omisitsweng ka go omisiwa ka bonako mo maemong a a bothitho, a a omileng, go sa tshwane le droge worst ya setso le salumi e e omisitsweng ya Italy, e e omisiwang ka bonya mo maemong a a tsididi le a a bongola. Mo godimo ga moo, droëwors ga e na seedi se se dirang gore e nne thata jaaka e fitlhelwa mo borosong jo bo omisitsweng. Ka jalo, didroëwors tse di bolokilweng mo maemong a a bongola di ka nna le mouta, go farologana le disoseje tse di omisitsweng.<ref>https://www.sundaytimes.timeslive.co.za/sunday-times/lifestyle/food/2017-11-11-which-supermarket-makes-the-best-biltong-amp-drowors/</ref> Setlhagiswa seno se amana ka leina le ka tlholego ya sone le setlhare sa Dutch sa droge worst, se gape se itsegeng e le metworst.<ref>https://www.womanandhomemagazine.co.za/life/netflorist-brings-heat-braai-season/</ref> == Bona gape ==   == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Dikgapetla]] sjqk0muez96tc6xz4dkp701sxb1losi 0 15191 55293 2026-09-22T19:59:12Z Ngwanana 12523 tshimo 55293 wikitext text/x-wiki GO SIMOLOLA TSHIMO [[Setshwantsho:Flower garden on Tet 2021.jpg|thumb|475x475px|tshimo]] Fa o batla go simolola '''tshimo''' ya gago,o tshwanetse go itse gore ke eng se o batlang go se ja. E katswa e le maungo,merogo kgotsa malomo.O tshwanetse go nna le didiriswa tsa go simolola tshimo. Dingwe tsa didiriswa tseo e ka nna foroko ya tshimo,peo ya se o batlang go se jala,kgamelo ya metsi le tse dingwe.O tshwanetse go tlhopha lefelo le le nang le le letsatsi,gore dijalo ts gago di kgone go bona letsatsi le le lekaneng gore dijalo di kgone go gola.Go le gantsi batho ba jala mo mmung wa seloko.Fa o simolola ka tshimo,o tshwanetse go netefatsa gore o phepafatsa lefelo leo o le tlhophileng go simolola mo go lona.Morago o pete tshimo eo go e lokisetsa dijalo/peo.Fa o batla gore dijalo tsa gago di gole sentle ,o se ke wa di kgobokanya,o di jale o sia phatlha magareng ga tsona.Seno se dira gore dijalo tseo di nne le lefelo le le lekaneng gore digole sentle,di sa kgoreletsana. Sengwe gape se se botlhokwa ke gore o tlhokomele gore o nosetse dijalo sa gagofela o se di nosetse go feta tekano gonne di ka swa kgotsa di ka tsaaya nako gore di gole kgotsa di ka se gole sentle.Sengwe gape se se botlhokwa ke go netefatsa gore mmu o o jalang mo go ona o siame,o loketse dijalo. == DITSHUPISO == # https://www.pathculture.com/lifestyle/gardening-tips-for-beginners/?sem_campaign=PMAXPCTOTALSITE_SouthAfrica&gad_source=1&gad_campaignid=23317006745&gbraid=0AAAABB5xIw1ht2omgmJsPrSRHf_GK_G9c&gclid=Cj0KCQjwzsjVBhC3ARIsALnMv4nJfZelcr9vQqQYmH4NaZbrbKMd1pIFZJVvuqHyqdJN4hzWCgd1ltAaAp4pEALw_wcB 2.https://homesteadandchill.com/how-to-start-a-garden-101/?srsltid=AU7gw4UgjwOLWaW2dBWHGP45MTa8yTSBl-xznT0Bb9rrRBQQfv_-7nTa<nowiki/>By Deanna Talerico Apr. 2nd, 2026 [[Karolo:Small garden]] [[Karolo:Flowers]] nv36w2q8w74pkeqa6pq0a43t89qq0su 0 15192 55318 2026-09-22T22:37:35Z Tulips.01 12481 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1310406447|Dumisa Ntsebeza]]" 55318 wikitext text/x-wiki Ntsebeza o belegwe kwa Cala, kwa Kapa Botlhaba kwa Transkei ya maloba . <ref>{{Cite web |date=1997-11-07 |title=Who is... Dumisa Ntsebeza? |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1997-11-07-who-is-dumisa-ntsebeza/ |access-date=2024-07-12 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Ke modulasetulo wa [[Desmond Tutu|Desmond Tutu Peace Trust]] le motlhokomedi wa Mokgatlho wa Nelson Mandela Foundation. O ne a na le seabe mo kgaratlhong ya sepolotiki kgatlhanong [[Tlhaolele|le tlhaolele]] mo bogareng jwa dingwaga tsa bo 1970, fa a ne a direla nako kwa kgolegelong e mo go yona a neng a fetsa dikirii ya gagwe ya molao. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Bell |first=Terry |year=2003 |title=Unfinished Business: South Africa, Apartheid, and Truth |url=https://archive.org/details/unfinishedbusine00bell/page/152 |last2=Ntsebeza |first2=Dumisa Buhle |publisher=[[Verso Books|Verso]] |isbn=9781859845455 |page=[https://archive.org/details/unfinishedbusine00bell/page/152 152] |url-access=registration}}</ref> Ntsebeza o ne a tlhopiwa go nna mokanseleri wa Yunivesithi ya Fort Hare ka Firikgong 2017. [[Karolo:Articles with hCards]] 95ud35wk6cujvlgz9hsch2xlsy5duhg 0 15193 55319 2026-09-22T23:05:21Z Chotlho 12488 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1368001693|Birthday (Katy Perry song)]]" 55319 wikitext text/x-wiki " '''Letsatsi la matsalo''' " ke pina ya moopedi wa Kwa Amerika e bong Katy Perry go tloga mo alebamong ya gagwe ya bone ya setudio, ''Prism'' (2013). O ne a kwala pina eno mmogo le Bonnie McKee le badiri ba yone Dr. Luke, Max Martin, le Cirkut . Pina eno e ne ya gatisiwa kwa Di-studio go ralala California, mmogo le Di-studio tsa MXM, tse di kwa Stockholm, kwa Sweden . Ba tlhotlheleditswe ke alebamo ya ntlha ya ga Mariah Carey, batshwayadiphoso ba ba ba bapisiwa" Letsatsi la Matsalo " le Mo tirong ya baopedi tse dingwe tse di jaaka Prince le Daft Punk . Ka go feta gabedi mo mafokong a "Letsatsi la Matsalo", Perry o Bua ka tlhakanelodikobo fa a ntse a keteka letsatsi la matsalo la molekane. Capitol Records e ne ya romela pina eno kwa radiong e e tlwaelegileng le e e nang le morethetho ka Moranang 21, 2014 e le pina ya bone ya alebamo eno. rqfcnogoowvea5nxostaz0mv6z3utdx 0 15194 55341 2026-09-23T04:21:09Z MmaBaggio 11091 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1336340391|Arekia Bennett]]" 55341 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Arekia Bennett''' ke molweladitshwanelo tsa Moamerika le mokaedi- wa khuduthamaga wa ya ditlhopho Mississippi V, e e leng mokgatlho o o sa direng dipoelo o o itebagantseng le go rotloetsa ikwadisetso ditlhopho. Bennett o etelela pele maiteko a go fitlhelela batlhophi ba ba botlana le ba ba sa emelwang sentle kwa Mississippi ka ditlhotlheletso tsa batlhophi, thuto ya banni, le ditshupetso tsa banni. == Botshelo jwa pele le thuto == Bennett ke moagi wa kwa [[:en:Jackson,_Mississippi|Jackson, kwa Mississippi]] . <ref name="Ganucheau2020">{{Cite news|title=Inside the 'people's caucus' that inspired the Jackson mayor's Bernie Sanders endorsement|url=https://mississippitoday.org/2020/03/04/inside-the-peoples-caucus-that-inspired-the-jackson-mayors-bernie-sanders-endorsement/|last=Ganucheau|first=Adam|date=March 4, 2020|access-date=August 17, 2024|language=en}}</ref> O ne a aloga kwa Sekolong se setona sa Jackson State ka dithutego tsa gagwe tsa [[:en:Bachelor_of_Science|Bachelor of Science]] le [[:en:Physics|physics]]. <ref name="Tisdale2020">{{Cite news|title=MS Votes: The next generation of freedom fighters are here|url=https://jacksonadvocateonline.com/ms-votes-the-next-generation-of-freedom-fighters-are-here/|last=Tisdale|first=DeAnna|date=October 1, 2020|access-date=August 17, 2024|language=en}}</ref> Bennett kwa tshimologong ne a batla go nna morutabana wa physic pele ga a kgatlhegela go nna le seabe mo ditirong tsa sechaba <ref name="Burch2018">{{Cite news|title=A New Class of Voting Rights Activists Picks Up the Mantle in Mississippi|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/09/25/us/freedom-summer-mississippi-votes.html|last=Burch|first=Audra D.S.|date=September 25, 2018|access-date=August 17, 2024|language=en}}</ref> morago ga go lemoga gore dikgang tsotlhe tse a neng a kgathala ka tsone di ne di na le badiredipuso ba ba tlhophilweng ba ba neng ba leka go di laola. <ref name="Schrader2020">{{Cite web |last=Schrader |first=Esther |date=November 2, 2020 |title=Vote Your Voice: In Mississippi, grantee organizations are challenging systemic voter suppression |url=https://www.splcenter.org/news/2020/11/02/vote-your-voice-mississippi-grantee-organizations-are-challenging-systemic-voter |access-date=August 17, 2024 |website=[[Southern Poverty Law Center]] |language=en}}</ref> Fa a le kwa Jackson State, Bennett o ne a simolola mokgatlho wa go Kgobokanya dikitso tse di amanang le bomme) GIRL (Gathering Information Related to Ladies), mokgatlho o o neng o lebile thata go buelela, go lwantsha "molao wa sekolo o o nang le mathata", le go thusa go ruta ka ditso tsa basadi ba Maaforika kwa Amerika.   == Tiro == Bennett ke moeteledipele wa khuduthamaga ya ditlhopho ya Mississippi , <ref name="NewsOne2022">{{Cite web |date=February 26, 2022 |title=Making Black History: 5 Modern-Day Voting Rights Icons Everyone Should Know |url=https://newsone.com/3901494/modern-voting-rights-heroes/ |access-date=August 19, 2024 |website=[[Urban One|NewsOne]] |language=en}}</ref> mokgatlho o o sa direng dipoelo o o itebagantseng le go rotloetsa ikwaisetso ditlhopho le go rulaganya matsholo a go ikwadisetsa ditlhopho . Bennett o boletse ha Freedom Summer, e le maiteko a matona a go fitlhelela batlhophi a a neng a diragala kwa Mississippi ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bone (1964), jaaka morotloetsi yo eteletseng pele maiteko a go kwadisa batlhophi ka bontsi ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bosupa( 2017) Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi ( 2020,) Bennett le khuduthamaga ya Ditlhopho tsa Mississippi ba thusitse go rulaganya nngwe ya dipopelelo tse ditona go gaisa mo ditsong tsa Mississippi, tse di neng di tlhotlhelediwa ke polao ya ga George Floyd le go dirwa sesha ga folaga ya lefatshe la Mississippi . <ref name="Tisdale2020" /> Bennett o supile fa go nna le seabe mo go kwa tlase ga batlhophi ba banana e le selo se se tlhotlheletsang maiteko a khuduthamaga ya ditlhopho tsa Mississippi Mo tirong ya gagwe ya go nna motsamaisi wa khuduthamaga, Bennett o atolositse tiro ya Mississippi Votes go akaretsa batlhophi ba ba kwa tlase ga dingwaga di le masome a mararo le botlhano, banana ba basodoma, le bana kgotsa bagolo ba ba kileng ba ya kwa tsamaisong ya bosiamisi jwa bana . <ref name="Nave2019">{{Cite news|title=The story behind the technology that Mississippi Votes uses to help more young voters|url=https://www.djournal.com/mississippi-today/the-story-behind-the-technology-that-mississippi-votes-uses-to/article_8fe12716-715e-56e3-9a32-fc3a38f033e8.html|last=Nave|first=R.L.|newspaper=[[Northeast Mississippi Daily Journal]]|date=March 12, 2019|access-date=August 18, 2024|language=en}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe , Bennett o ne a rulaganya letsholo la go dirisa geofencing go itebaganya le dikolo tse di berekang mo Mississippi go phatlalatsa dipapatso tsa 'go ntsha ditlalama' pele ga ditlhopho tsa Ngwanatsele. Mississippi Votes e ne ya akanyetsa gore letsholo la go phatlalatsa le ne la dira gore batho ba le dikete tse tharo ba ba neng ba sa tswa go tlhopha ba ikwadise<ref name="Nave2019" /> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro, Bennett o ne a rulaganya maiteko a go busetsa morago molaotlhomo o o ntshitshintsweng wa Mississippi wa HB 1020, a tlhalosa molao ono jaaka maiteko a go fetisetsa maatla kwa badireding ba puso ba Rephaboliki go tswa kwa toropong ya Jackson. Bennett o rile molao o e ne e le "monyetla wa gore batho ba basweu ba laole metswedi le gore dipolotiki tsa masimo di nne le seabe ka boamaruri". <ref name="Wright2023">{{Cite web |last=Wright |first=Aallyah |last2=Tensley |first2=Brandon |date=March 3, 2023 |title=The History of White Lawmakers Trying to Take Over Mississippi's Predominately Black Capital |url=https://capitalbnews.org/jackson-mississippi-takeover-2/ |access-date=August 18, 2024 |website=CapitalBNews.org |language=en}}</ref> Bennett ke moithuti wa tiro ya Botsamaisi jwa Ditlhopho le [[Mokgatlho wa Matshelo a Bantsho|Mokgatlho wa Matshelo a batho Bantsho]] ([[:en:Movement_For_Black_Lives|Movement For Black Lives]]) . == Dietsele le ditlotla == * Seetsele sa [[:en:Medgar_Evers|Medgar Evers]] ka NAACP <ref name="Emerson2024">{{Cite web |date=2024 |title=Arekia Bennett: Envisioning a democracy in Mississippi that works for everyone |url=https://www.emersoncollective.com/persons/arekia-bennett |access-date=August 17, 2024 |website=[[Emerson Collective]] |language=en}}</ref> * Seetsele sa [[:en:Fannie_Lou_Hamer|Fannie Lou Hamer]] ka Sekolo sa Barulaganyi ba Ditshwanelo tsa Batho ya kwa Borwa <ref name="Emerson2024" /> == Ditshupiso == [[Karolo:Articles with hCards]] 3900i8ckp7ve27c5cb8j0jxdwnfvx11 55342 55341 2026-09-23T04:25:41Z MmaBaggio 11091 55342 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Arekia Bennett''' ke molweladitshwanelo tsa Moamerika le mokaedi- wa khuduthamaga wa ya ditlhopho Mississippi Votes, e e leng mokgatlho o o sa direng dipoelo o o itebagantseng le go rotloetsa ikwadisetso ditlhopho. Bennett o etelela pele maiteko a go fitlhelela batlhophi ba ba botlana le ba ba sa emelwang sentle kwa Mississippi ka ditlhotlheletso tsa batlhophi, thuto ya banni, le ditshupetso tsa banni. {{Infobox person|name=Arekia Bennett|birth_place=[[Jackson, Mississippi]], US|death_date=<!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (death date then birth date) -->|known for=Motsamaisi wa ditlhopho tsa Mississippi}} == Botshelo jwa pele le thuto == Bennett ke moagi wa kwa [[:en:Jackson,_Mississippi|Jackson, kwa Mississippi]] . <ref name="Ganucheau2020">{{Cite news|title=Inside the 'people's caucus' that inspired the Jackson mayor's Bernie Sanders endorsement|url=https://mississippitoday.org/2020/03/04/inside-the-peoples-caucus-that-inspired-the-jackson-mayors-bernie-sanders-endorsement/|last=Ganucheau|first=Adam|date=March 4, 2020|access-date=August 17, 2024|language=en}}</ref> O ne a aloga kwa Sekolong se setona sa Jackson State ka dithutego tsa gagwe tsa [[:en:Bachelor_of_Science|Bachelor of Science]] le [[:en:Physics|physics]]. <ref name="Tisdale2020">{{Cite news|title=MS Votes: The next generation of freedom fighters are here|url=https://jacksonadvocateonline.com/ms-votes-the-next-generation-of-freedom-fighters-are-here/|last=Tisdale|first=DeAnna|date=October 1, 2020|access-date=August 17, 2024|language=en}}</ref> Bennett kwa tshimologong ne a batla go nna morutabana wa physic pele ga a kgatlhegela go nna le seabe mo ditirong tsa sechaba <ref name="Burch2018">{{Cite news|title=A New Class of Voting Rights Activists Picks Up the Mantle in Mississippi|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/09/25/us/freedom-summer-mississippi-votes.html|last=Burch|first=Audra D.S.|date=September 25, 2018|access-date=August 17, 2024|language=en}}</ref> morago ga go lemoga gore dikgang tsotlhe tse a neng a kgathala ka tsone di ne di na le badiredipuso ba ba tlhophilweng ba ba neng ba leka go di laola. <ref name="Schrader2020">{{Cite web |last=Schrader |first=Esther |date=November 2, 2020 |title=Vote Your Voice: In Mississippi, grantee organizations are challenging systemic voter suppression |url=https://www.splcenter.org/news/2020/11/02/vote-your-voice-mississippi-grantee-organizations-are-challenging-systemic-voter |access-date=August 17, 2024 |website=[[Southern Poverty Law Center]] |language=en}}</ref> Fa a le kwa Jackson State, Bennett o ne a simolola mokgatlho wa go Kgobokanya dikitso tse di amanang le bomme) GIRL (Gathering Information Related to Ladies), mokgatlho o o neng o lebile thata go buelela, go lwantsha "molao wa sekolo o o nang le mathata", le go thusa go ruta ka ditso tsa basadi ba Maaforika kwa Amerika.   == Tiro == Bennett ke moeteledipele wa khuduthamaga ya ditlhopho ya Mississippi , <ref name="NewsOne2022">{{Cite web |date=February 26, 2022 |title=Making Black History: 5 Modern-Day Voting Rights Icons Everyone Should Know |url=https://newsone.com/3901494/modern-voting-rights-heroes/ |access-date=August 19, 2024 |website=[[Urban One|NewsOne]] |language=en}}</ref> mokgatlho o o sa direng dipoelo o o itebagantseng le go rotloetsa ikwaisetso ditlhopho le go rulaganya matsholo a go ikwadisetsa ditlhopho . Bennett o boletse ha Freedom Summer, e le maiteko a matona a go fitlhelela batlhophi a a neng a diragala kwa Mississippi ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bone (1964), jaaka morotloetsi yo eteletseng pele maiteko a go kwadisa batlhophi ka bontsi ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bosupa( 2017) Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi ( 2020,) Bennett le khuduthamaga ya Ditlhopho tsa Mississippi ba thusitse go rulaganya nngwe ya dipopelelo tse ditona go gaisa mo ditsong tsa Mississippi, tse di neng di tlhotlhelediwa ke polao ya ga George Floyd le go dirwa sesha ga folaga ya lefatshe la Mississippi . <ref name="Tisdale2020" /> Bennett o supile fa go nna le seabe mo go kwa tlase ga batlhophi ba banana e le selo se se tlhotlheletsang maiteko a khuduthamaga ya ditlhopho tsa Mississippi Mo tirong ya gagwe ya go nna motsamaisi wa khuduthamaga, Bennett o atolositse tiro ya Mississippi Votes go akaretsa batlhophi ba ba kwa tlase ga dingwaga di le masome a mararo le botlhano, banana ba basodoma, le bana kgotsa bagolo ba ba kileng ba ya kwa tsamaisong ya bosiamisi jwa bana . <ref name="Nave2019">{{Cite news|title=The story behind the technology that Mississippi Votes uses to help more young voters|url=https://www.djournal.com/mississippi-today/the-story-behind-the-technology-that-mississippi-votes-uses-to/article_8fe12716-715e-56e3-9a32-fc3a38f033e8.html|last=Nave|first=R.L.|newspaper=[[Northeast Mississippi Daily Journal]]|date=March 12, 2019|access-date=August 18, 2024|language=en}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabongwe , Bennett o ne a rulaganya letsholo la go dirisa geofencing go itebaganya le dikolo tse di berekang mo Mississippi go phatlalatsa dipapatso tsa 'go ntsha ditlalama' pele ga ditlhopho tsa Ngwanatsele. Mississippi Votes e ne ya akanyetsa gore letsholo la go phatlalatsa le ne la dira gore batho ba le dikete tse tharo ba ba neng ba sa tswa go tlhopha ba ikwadise<ref name="Nave2019" /> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le boraro, Bennett o ne a rulaganya maiteko a go busetsa morago molaotlhomo o o ntshitshintsweng wa Mississippi wa HB 1020, a tlhalosa molao ono jaaka maiteko a go fetisetsa maatla kwa badireding ba puso ba Rephaboliki go tswa kwa toropong ya Jackson. Bennett o rile molao o e ne e le "monyetla wa gore batho ba basweu ba laole metswedi le gore dipolotiki tsa masimo di nne le seabe ka boamaruri". <ref name="Wright2023">{{Cite web |last=Wright |first=Aallyah |last2=Tensley |first2=Brandon |date=March 3, 2023 |title=The History of White Lawmakers Trying to Take Over Mississippi's Predominately Black Capital |url=https://capitalbnews.org/jackson-mississippi-takeover-2/ |access-date=August 18, 2024 |website=CapitalBNews.org |language=en}}</ref> Bennett ke moithuti wa tiro ya Botsamaisi jwa Ditlhopho le [[Mokgatlho wa Matshelo a Bantsho|Mokgatlho wa Matshelo a batho Bantsho]] ([[:en:Movement_For_Black_Lives|Movement For Black Lives]]) . == Dietsele le ditlotla == * Seetsele sa [[:en:Medgar_Evers|Medgar Evers]] ka NAACP <ref name="Emerson2024">{{Cite web |date=2024 |title=Arekia Bennett: Envisioning a democracy in Mississippi that works for everyone |url=https://www.emersoncollective.com/persons/arekia-bennett |access-date=August 17, 2024 |website=[[Emerson Collective]] |language=en}}</ref> * Seetsele sa [[:en:Fannie_Lou_Hamer|Fannie Lou Hamer]] ka Sekolo sa Barulaganyi ba Ditshwanelo tsa Batho ya kwa Borwa <ref name="Emerson2024" /> == Ditshupiso == [[Karolo:Articles with hCards]] 6pf7ci5qjkcii6gdxc6gfwrr5ofuww8 0 15195 55348 2026-09-23T05:00:10Z MmaBaggio 11091 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1372214703|Louis Berry]]" 55348 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Louis Berry''' ( O tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Phalane e robabongwe,ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le bone (1914) &#x2013; Go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola ga raro ,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi (1998 ) e ne e le Moamerika wa ntlha wa Moaforika yo o neng a letlelelwa go dira tiro ya molao kwa toropong ya gaabo ya Alexandria e e neng e kgaogantswe pele kwa [[:en:Rapides_Parish,_Louisiana|Rapides Parish]] kwa [[Central Louisiana|Bogare jwa Louisiana]] . == Tse di diragetseng == Louis Berry e ne e le morwa wa ga Frank Berry yo motona yo e neng e le moroki le morekisi wa dijo kwa Alexandria, mme o ne a aloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mane le bongwe ( [[Dikolo le dikolo tse di golwane tsa batho bantsho mo hisitoring|1941]] )kwa Sekolong se setona sa Molao sa Howard kwa [[Washington, D.C.|Washington, DC]] <ref name="book">{{Cite book |date=21 September 2011 |title=Leona W. Smith, St. Landry-Up From Slavery Then Came the Fire!!, p. 33 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LwFcpzSmH8kC&q=Is+attorney+Louis+Berry+of+Louisiana+still+living&pg=PA33 |publisher=[[Bloomington, Indiana]]: Author House, 2011 |isbn=978-1-4567-6032-8 |access-date=July 13, 2013}}</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola gangwe, ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mane le botlhano (1945), Berry o ne a nna Moaforika wa kwa Amerika wa ntlha go amogelwa go dira tiro ya molao kwa Louisiana fa e sa le A. P. Tureud ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mabedi le bosupa ( 1927). Berry o ne a solofetse go tsena tiro ya molao ya ga Tureud, kwa New Orleans, mme Tureud o ne a sa kgone go tsaya /tlhapa mmueledi yo mongwe ka madi ka nako eo. Berry o ne a ikatisa le John Perkins, yo o neng a na le teseletso kwa Mississippi, e seng kwa Louisiana. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mane le bosupa (1947), fa go ne go bulwa [[:en:Southern_University_Law_Center|Sekolo sa molao sa Southern University Law Center]] kwa Baton Rouge, go ne ga thapiwa babueledi ba le mmalwa ba batho bantsho gore ba nne maloko a lephata . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rachel L. Emanuel, "History: Black Lawyersin Louisiana Prior to 1950," August/September 2005, p. 108 |url=http://www.lsba.org/documentindex/publications/Journal-Feature2-August2005.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120912172927/http://www.lsba.org/documentindex/publications/Journal-Feature2-August2005.pdf |archive-date=September 12, 2012 |access-date=July 13, 2013 |publisher=lsba.org}}</ref> Berry o ne a bereka e le mogolwane/ mookamela lephata wa lefelo la Molao la Borwa go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bobedi(1972) go ya go tsena ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bone (1974). <ref name="book" /> == Tiro ya semolao == Berry o ne a boela kwa Alexandria kwa a tsholetsweng teng nako ngwe pele ga ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano (1950). Go ya ka molao wa nako eo, go ne go tshwanetse ga itsisiwe mmueledi yo mosha mo mokgatlhong wa babueledi ba lefelo leo. Fa babueledi ba bangwe ba batho basweu ba ne ba gana Berry mme ba mo sotla mo sephiring, [[Camille Gravel]], mmueledi yo o nang le maatla a a kwa godimo wa go sireletsa batho ba ba neng ba dira bokebekwa yo o nang le dikgolagano tsa sepolotiki kwa Baton Rouge le kwa Washington, o ne a leletsa Berry mogala mme a ithaopela go mo itsise badirikaene ba semolao. Tiro e e ne e tsewa e le bopelokgale jwa sepolotiki mo tsamaisong e e kgaogantsweng ya Borwa ja Amerika . Berry o ne a dira tiro ya go nna mmueledi a le mongwe fela wa motho montsho kwa Alexandria fela jaaka Jesse N. Stone, yo moragonyana a neng a nna Tautona wa Tsamaiso ya Sekolo se setona sa Borwa kwa Baton Rouge, a ne a dira kwa Shreveport . Berry o berekile le baruti ba batho bantsho kwa Rapides Parish go kwadisa banni ba Maaforika kwa Amerika ka fa tlase ga [[Molao wa Ditshwanelo tsa go Tlhopha wa 1965]] . Go fetisiwa ga molao ono, o o neng wa bewa monwana ke Tautona wa United States e bong Lyndon B. Johnson, go ne ga dira gore go nne le koketsego e tona ya go nna le seabe ga batlhophi ba batho bantsho kwa Alexandria. Teko ya pele ya civics e e neng e akaretsa dintlhakgolo tsa Molaotheo wa United States e ne ya ntshiwa mo ditsetlaneng tsa go ikwadisa. <ref name="book" /> ''Alexandria Daily Town Talk'' e ne ya amanya bontsi jwa go tokafala ga maemo a botshelo mo sechabeng sa batho bantsho ka ntlha ya go nna molweladitshwanelo ga ga Berry. Pampiri ya dikgang e ne la nopola Berry a re: "Banana ba tla gakgamadiwa ke go itse maemo a batho bantsho ba neng ba tshwanetse go nna mo go one ka nako e, ka gonne tota ba ne ba sena ditshwanelo tse mongwe le mongwe a neng a tshwanetse go di tlotla." Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borataro ( 1996), dingwaga di ka nna pedi pele ga loso lwa gagwe kwa Lafayette, Louisiana, Berry o ne a tsenngwa mo lefelong la ditshupiso tsa Sepolotiki sa Louisiana le ntlo lehalahala ya Fame ([[:en:Louisiana_Political_Museum_and_Hall_of_Fame|Louisiana Political Museum and Hall of Fame]]) kwa Winnfield . Camille Gravel o ne a rutuntshitswe ngwaga pele ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le botlhano ( 1995) . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hall of Fame Inductees |url=http://www.cityofwinnfield.com/visitor-info/Old-LA-Depot-LA-Political-Museum |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131207052441/http://www.cityofwinnfield.com/visitor-info/Old-LA-Depot-LA-Political-Museum |archive-date=December 7, 2013 |access-date=July 13, 2013 |publisher=cityofwinnfield.com}}</ref> == Ditshupiso == [[Karolo:Articles with hCards]] sa4ognkjk3xl88yjm9mqrd1zd12x730 55349 55348 2026-09-23T05:08:27Z MmaBaggio 11091 55349 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Louis Berry''' ( O tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Phalane e robabongwe,ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le bone (1914) &#x2013; Go fitlha ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola ga raro ,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi (1998 ) e ne e le Moamerika wa ntlha wa Moaforika yo o neng a letlelelwa go dira tiro ya molao kwa toropong ya gaabo ya Alexandria e e neng e kgaogantswe pele kwa [[:en:Rapides_Parish,_Louisiana|Rapides Parish]] kwa [[Central Louisiana|Bogare jwa Louisiana]] . {{Infobox person|name=Louis Berry|birth_date={{Birth date|1914|10|8}}|birth_place=[[Alexandria, Louisiana|Alexandria]], [[Rapides Parish, Louisiana|Rapides Parish]]<br />[[Louisiana]], USA|death_date={{Death date and age|1998|5|3|1914|10|8}}|death_place=[[Lafayette, Louisiana|Lafayette]], Louisiana|education=[[Howard University School of Law]]|occupation=[[Civil rights]] [[Lawyer|attorney]]<br /> Dean, [[Southern University Law Center]] (1972-1974)|party=[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrat]]}} == Tse di diragetseng == Louis Berry e ne e le morwa wa ga Frank Berry yo motona yo e neng e le moroki le morekisi wa dijo kwa Alexandria, mme o ne a aloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mane le bongwe ( [[Dikolo le dikolo tse di golwane tsa batho bantsho mo hisitoring|1941]] )kwa Sekolong se setona sa Molao sa Howard kwa [[Washington, D.C.|Washington, DC]] <ref name="book">{{Cite book |date=21 September 2011 |title=Leona W. Smith, St. Landry-Up From Slavery Then Came the Fire!!, p. 33 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LwFcpzSmH8kC&q=Is+attorney+Louis+Berry+of+Louisiana+still+living&pg=PA33 |publisher=[[Bloomington, Indiana]]: Author House, 2011 |isbn=978-1-4567-6032-8 |access-date=July 13, 2013}}</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e tlhola gangwe, ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mane le botlhano (1945), Berry o ne a nna Moaforika wa kwa Amerika wa ntlha go amogelwa go dira tiro ya molao kwa Louisiana fa e sa le A. P. Tureud ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mabedi le bosupa ( 1927). Berry o ne a solofetse go tsena tiro ya molao ya ga Tureud, kwa New Orleans, mme Tureud o ne a sa kgone go tsaya /tlhapa mmueledi yo mongwe ka madi ka nako eo. Berry o ne a ikatisa le John Perkins, yo o neng a na le teseletso kwa Mississippi, e seng kwa Louisiana. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mane le bosupa (1947), fa go ne go bulwa [[:en:Southern_University_Law_Center|Sekolo sa molao sa Southern University Law Center]] kwa Baton Rouge, go ne ga thapiwa babueledi ba le mmalwa ba batho bantsho gore ba nne maloko a lephata . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rachel L. Emanuel, "History: Black Lawyersin Louisiana Prior to 1950," August/September 2005, p. 108 |url=http://www.lsba.org/documentindex/publications/Journal-Feature2-August2005.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120912172927/http://www.lsba.org/documentindex/publications/Journal-Feature2-August2005.pdf |archive-date=September 12, 2012 |access-date=July 13, 2013 |publisher=lsba.org}}</ref> Berry o ne a bereka e le mogolwane/ mookamela lephata wa lefelo la Molao la Borwa go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bobedi(1972) go ya go tsena ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bone (1974). <ref name="book" /> == Tiro ya semolao == Berry o ne a boela kwa Alexandria kwa a tsholetsweng teng nako ngwe pele ga ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano (1950). Go ya ka molao wa nako eo, go ne go tshwanetse ga itsisiwe mmueledi yo mosha mo mokgatlhong wa babueledi ba lefelo leo. Fa babueledi ba bangwe ba batho basweu ba ne ba gana Berry mme ba mo sotla mo sephiring, [[Camille Gravel]], mmueledi yo o nang le maatla a a kwa godimo wa go sireletsa batho ba ba neng ba dira bokebekwa yo o nang le dikgolagano tsa sepolotiki kwa Baton Rouge le kwa Washington, o ne a leletsa Berry mogala mme a ithaopela go mo itsise badirikaene ba semolao. Tiro e e ne e tsewa e le bopelokgale jwa sepolotiki mo tsamaisong e e kgaogantsweng ya Borwa jwa Amerika . <ref>[http://www.nofba.org/files/advocate-fall-2009.pdf "Stevan C. Dittman, "Camille Gravel""] (PDF). The Advocate legal newsletter, Vo1. 19 No. 1 (Fall 2009). Retrieved July 13, 2013.</ref>Berry o ne a dira tiro ya go nna mmueledi a le mongwe fela wa motho montsho kwa Alexandria fela jaaka Jesse N. Stone, yo moragonyana a neng a nna Tautona wa Tsamaiso ya Sekolo se setona sa Borwa kwa Baton Rouge, a ne a dira kwa Shreveport .<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=5sMDAAAAMBAJ "Jesse N. Stone, Noted Louisiana Lawyer And Educator, Dies At 76".] ''Jet''. Vol.&#x20;99, no.&#x20;25. Johnson Publishing Company. 2001-06-05. p.&#x20;53. Retrieved 2020-06-20.</ref> Berry o berekile le baruti ba batho bantsho kwa Rapides Parish go kwadisa banni ba Maaforika kwa Amerika ka fa tlase ga [[Molao wa Ditshwanelo tsa go Tlhopha wa 1965]] . Go fetisiwa ga molao ono, o o neng wa bewa monwana ke Tautona wa United States e bong Lyndon B. Johnson, go ne ga dira gore go nne le koketsego e tona ya go nna le seabe ga batlhophi ba batho bantsho kwa Alexandria. Teko ya pele ya civics e e neng e akaretsa dintlhakgolo tsa Molaotheo wa United States e ne ya ntshiwa mo ditsetlaneng tsa go ikwadisa. <ref name="book" /> ''Alexandria Daily Town Talk'' e ne ya amanya bontsi jwa go tokafala ga maemo a botshelo mo sechabeng sa batho bantsho ka ntlha ya go nna molweladitshwanelo ga ga Berry. Pampiri ya dikgang e ne la nopola Berry a re: "Banana ba tla gakgamadiwa ke go itse maemo a batho bantsho ba neng ba tshwanetse go nna mo go one ka nako e, ka gonne tota ba ne ba sena ditshwanelo tse mongwe le mongwe a neng a tshwanetse go di tlotla."<ref>''Alexandria Daily Town Talk'', April 29, 2007</ref> Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borataro ( 1996), dingwaga di ka nna pedi pele ga loso lwa gagwe kwa Lafayette, Louisiana, Berry o ne a tsenngwa mo lefelong la ditshupiso tsa Sepolotiki sa Louisiana le ntlo lehalahala ya Fame ([[:en:Louisiana_Political_Museum_and_Hall_of_Fame|Louisiana Political Museum and Hall of Fame]]) kwa Winnfield . Camille Gravel o ne a rutuntshitswe ngwaga pele ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le botlhano ( 1995) . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hall of Fame Inductees |url=http://www.cityofwinnfield.com/visitor-info/Old-LA-Depot-LA-Political-Museum |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131207052441/http://www.cityofwinnfield.com/visitor-info/Old-LA-Depot-LA-Political-Museum |archive-date=December 7, 2013 |access-date=July 13, 2013 |publisher=cityofwinnfield.com}}</ref> == Ditshupiso == [[Karolo:Articles with hCards]] 7g63t39qn758q9by2yh6qw7o8z5npd9 0 15196 55374 2026-09-23T08:39:51Z MmaBaggio 11091 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1367148684|Earl Best]]" 55374 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Earl Best''' (O tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e le masome a mabedi le borataro, ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mane le bosupa ( 1947) – Go filtha a tlhokafala ka kgwedu ya Sedimonthole e le masome a mabedi le bosupa, ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bongwe (2021), morulaganyi wa banni yo o itsegeng botoka jaaka "Ngaka ya mo Mebileng", e ne e le serukutlhi sa di banka se se bonweng molato se se neng sa fetsa dingwaga di le lesome se tswaletswe se le nosi mme se bereka le batho ba ba kobo dikhutshwane mo mebileng ya Newark, New Jersey . <ref name="shambhala" /> O simolotse mokgatlho wa Batlhabani ba mo Mebileng ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le boraro ( 2003). Go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bongwe ( 2011) go fitlha ka loso lwa gagwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bongwe ( 2021), Best o ne a rera ka tlhoka tirisodikgoka le go aba dikobo, dijo le dilwana kwa bathong ba ba kobodikhutshwane ba Newark a dirisa koloi ya gagwe le dinao. <ref name="shambhala">{{Cite journal |last=Boyce |first=Barry |year=2011 |title=Making Peace in America's Cities |url=http://shambhalasun.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=3691&Itemid=0 |url-status=dead |journal=[[Shambhala Sun]] |location=Boulder, CO |publisher=Shambhala Sun Foundation |issue=May |page=40 (online p. 3) |issn= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724031118/http://shambhalasun.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=3691&Itemid=0 |archive-date=July 24, 2011 |access-date=July 25, 2011}}</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Best o goletse kwa [[:en:List_of_neighborhoods_in_Newark,_New_Jersey#South_Ward|South Ward]] . <ref name="about">{{Cite web |title=Biography from Earl Best’s Street Doctor website |url=http://thestreetdoctor.com/about.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110921062929/http://www.thestreetdoctor.com/about.html |archive-date=September 21, 2011 |access-date=July 23, 2011}}</ref> O ne a tshwarelwa go thuba banka ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e le lesome le boraro, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le boraro (1983), mme morago ga moo a bonwa molato,ka ntlha ya bosupi jwa kgatiso ya menwana . <ref name="westward" /> O ne a fetsa dingwaga di le lesome a tswaletswe a le esi kwa kgolegelong dingwaga di le lesome le bosupa ka ntlha ya go thuba. Ka nako ya fa a ne a le mo kgolegelong a le nosi, o ne a ithuta mekwalo ya semoya, thuto ya tlhaloganyo le molao, mme o ne a rapela gore a kgone go thusa ba bangwe fa a ka gololwa. Mo potsolotsong ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bongwe (2011), o ne a re: "Ke ne ke batla go dira pharologanyo mo matshelong a bana ka gonne ga go ope yo o dirileng pharologanyo mo go nna." <ref name="shambhala" /> Best o ne a gololwa mo kgolegelong ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi ( 2000). Mo dingwageng di le tharo fela, o ne a tlhoma mokgatlho o o bidiwang Street Warriors mmogo le batho ba bangwe ba le mmalwa ba ba neng e le badira melato. <ref name="shambhala" /> <ref name="helpinghands" /> Mananeo a a mokgatlho a ne a akaretsa thulaganyo ya banana ya selemo, go gakolola banana ba ba nnang mo matlong a sechaba, mananeo a go lemosa bagolo le banana ka digongwana le go tshereganya, le ditiro tsa metshameko tse di akaretsang mabole le setlhopha sa bolotlola . Mo dingwageng di le mmalwa, mokgatlho oo o ne o tlhokomela lefelo lengwe, mme lefelo leo le ne la tswalwa ka ntlha ya go tlhoka madi. Best o ne a tsamaisa ditiro tsa gagwe tsa bopelotlhomoge ka koloi e e neng a e abetswe. <ref name="shambhala" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 23, 2010 |title=CEC Turkey Donations Brighten Spirits for Newark's Homeless and Seniors |url=http://www.cecintl.com/news_2010_032.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111009133834/http://www.cecintl.com/news_2010_032.html |archive-date=October 9, 2011 |access-date=August 23, 2011 |publisher=Community Education Centers, Breaking the Cycle of Recidivism |df=mdy-all}}</ref> == Mokgatlho wa Street == Best o ne a rwala dilwana tse di tshwana dikobo le dijo mo terakeng ya gagwe, gore di ye go abiwe kwa mafelong a batho ba ba se nang magae kgotsa batho ba ba kopang dilo ba phuthegelang kwa go one. O bolela gore batho ba a ikhutsa fa ba sena go ja, mme ene o nna a "tsamaya" le batho fa a sena go ba neela meneelo ya gagwe. "Kagiso e amana le go ritibala, mme a o a itse, dijo di ritibatsa batho. Ga o ke o bona batho ba senya difatlhego fa ba ja. Dijo ke kagiso". Mafelo a Best e rekisang dijo mo go one a akaretsa dikago tse di tlogetsweng, mafelo a go rekisetswang dilo mo go one, dikgolegelo, mafelo a go tlhokomelwa bana le dikolo. O bolela gore karolo nngwe ya babereki ba gagwe ba mmila ke go neela batho "dijo tsa mogopolo le tsa pelo ... Fa e le gore ba bua ka kgokgontsho, ke ba bontsha kafa ke neng ka dirisa maatla a me mo kgonkgontshong ka teng mme ka a dirisa mo kagisong". Best a re o neela bana dinomoro tsa gagwe tsa mogala wa Letheka a bo a ba rotloetsa gore ba mo leletse pele fa ba ka dira sengwe se se bosula." <ref name="shambhala" /> Ditiro tse dingwe tsa gagwe tsa go thusa banana di akaretsa go rulaganyetsa banana ba le masome a marato loeto lwa go ya kwa lotshitshing lwa lewatle go keteka Letsatsi la ga Rre ([[:en:Father's_Day|Father's day]]). <ref>{{Cite news|last=Rainey|first=Matt|title=Newark Teens Spend Father's Day at Seaside Heights|work=Newark Star-Ledger|date=June 20, 2010|url=http://photos.nj.com/star-ledger/2010/06/ga0621waterpark_rainey_4.html|access-date=July 24, 2011}}</ref> == Dietsele le Ditlotla == Earl Best o amogetse dietsele tse di farologaneng, mme o umakilwe mo dikgannyeng tse di buang ka botlhoka kutlo kwa Newark. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Mayor Booker Addresses Safety Concerns|location=Newark, NJ|date=August 19, 2009|url=http://www.ci.newark.nj.us/press/press_releases/2009_08_19_01.php|access-date=July 24, 2011}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi ( 2008), Best o ne a tlotliwa ka tsela e e sa solofelwang ke [[GQ Magazine|Koranta ya GQ]] kwa Moletlong wa yone wa Banna kwa New York City, mme o ne a amogela seetsele go tswa go modiragatsi e bong [[Forest Whitaker]] . <ref>{{Cite news|title="Street Doctor" visits Asbury, urges cooperation in battle against guns, street violence|date=July 27, 2011|url=http://www.nj.com/newark/index.ssf/2008/10/newarks_street_doctor_gets_sta.html|access-date=August 23, 2011}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Newark questions curfew enforcement for juveniles|date=September 2, 2009|url=http://www.essexcountypolitics.com/news/general/2009/09/02/newark-questions-curfew-enforcement-juveniles|access-date=August 23, 2011}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe ( 2009), Best o ne a akgola molweladitshwanelo ka ene, Yusuf Shabazz, yo o neng a bolawa ka go thuntshiwa a le dingwaga di le masome a mabedi le bobedi . Shabazz o ne a tshwerwe ka ntlha ya go rekisa diritibatsi a le dingwaga di le lesome le borataro , mme o ne a kgonne go fetola botshelo jwa gagwe. O ne a neelwa dithuto tsa go rulaganya metshameko go tswa mo setlhopheng sa banana se se sa direng dipoelo sa [[:en:ASPIRA_Association|Aspira]], mme a simolola go dira metshameko e e buang ka go fedisa tirisodikgoka ya digongwana . <ref>{{Cite news|title=Newark Anti-violence Activist Killed in Shooting Crossfire|date=November 4, 2009|url=http://www.nj.com/news/index.ssf/2009/11/newark_anti-violence_activist.html}}</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong, ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bongwe ( 2011 )Best e ne e le sebui se se tlhageletseng kwa Bokopanong jwa dithuto tsa go tisa Kagiso jwa ngwaga wa 2021 kwa Newark , e leng Bokopano jwa boditšhabatšhaba jo bo neng bo bua ka go tlhoka tirisodikgoka e gape e neng e na le [[:en:14th_Dalai_Lama|Dalai Lama]] . <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://blog.nj.com/njv_joan_whitlow/2011/02/in_newark_a_time_to_give_peace.html|title=In Newark, a time to give peace a chance|date=February 4, 2011}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Newark Leaders Look for Lessons at Peace Summit|date=May 8, 2011|url=https://newyork.cbslocal.com/2011/05/08/newark-leaders-look-for-lessons-from-peace-summit/|access-date=July 24, 2011}}</ref> == Leso == Best o tlhokafetse ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e le masome a mabedi le bosupa, ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bongwe, kwa lefelong la tlhokomelo e e tseneletseng a le dingwaga di le masome a supa le bone morago ga ntwa telele le bolwetse jwa kankere. Moragonyana go ne ga itsisiwe gore o tlhokafetse letsatsi le le latelang. O ne a tlogela morwawe, bokgaitsadie, le ditlogolo tsa gagwe. Ratoropo wa Newark Ras Baraka o boletse mo segopotson se se neng ya tsenngwa mo tsebeng ya maranyane ya Instagram gore "Batho ba le bantsi ba ne ba solegelwa molemo ke tsela ya gagwe ya go tokafatsa le tsela ya gagwe ya go iphitlhelela." <ref>{{Cite news|last=Cowen|first=Richard|title=Newark mourns the passing of longtime activist, 'The Street Doctor'|url=https://www.nj.com/essex/2021/12/newark-mourns-the-passing-of-longtime-activist-the-street-doctor.html|work=NJ.com|publisher=Advance Media|date=December 28, 2021|access-date=January 14, 2022}}</ref> Tirelo ya segopotso e ne ya tshwarwa ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e le lesome le bone, ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi (2022) koo moragonyana a neng a fitlhwa teng kwa Mabitleng a Fairmount kwa Newark diura di le mmalwa moragonyana. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Newark 'Street Doctor,' prisoner-turned-activist, laid to rest in NJ|url=https://abc7ny.com/earl-best-street-doctor-funeral-newark/11468137/|work=[[WABC-TV]]|date=January 14, 2021|access-date=January 14, 2021}}</ref> == Nopolo ==   == Ditshupiso == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> 9swnde14q7ii77v7vrp0lcqorjww2bg 55375 55374 2026-09-23T08:44:46Z MmaBaggio 11091 55375 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Earl Best''' (O tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e le masome a mabedi le borataro, ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mane le bosupa ( 1947) – Go filtha a tlhokafala ka kgwedu ya Sedimonthole e le masome a mabedi le bosupa, ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bongwe (2021), morulaganyi wa banni yo o itsegeng botoka jaaka "Ngaka ya mo Mebileng", e ne e le serukutlhi sa di banka se se bonweng molato se se neng sa fetsa dingwaga di le lesome se tswaletswe se le nosi mme se bereka le batho ba ba kobo dikhutshwane mo mebileng ya Newark, New Jersey . <ref name="shambhala" /> O simolotse mokgatlho wa Batlhabani ba mo Mebileng ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le boraro ( 2003). Go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bongwe ( 2011) go fitlha ka loso lwa gagwe ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bongwe ( 2021), Best o ne a rera ka tlhoka tirisodikgoka le go aba dikobo, dijo le dilwana kwa bathong ba ba kobodikhutshwane ba Newark a dirisa koloi ya gagwe le dinao. <ref name="shambhala">{{Cite journal |last=Boyce |first=Barry |year=2011 |title=Making Peace in America's Cities |url=http://shambhalasun.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=3691&Itemid=0 |url-status=dead |journal=[[Shambhala Sun]] |location=Boulder, CO |publisher=Shambhala Sun Foundation |issue=May |page=40 (online p. 3) |issn= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724031118/http://shambhalasun.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=3691&Itemid=0 |archive-date=July 24, 2011 |access-date=July 25, 2011}}</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Best o goletse kwa [[:en:List_of_neighborhoods_in_Newark,_New_Jersey#South_Ward|South Ward]] . <ref name="about">{{Cite web |title=Biography from Earl Best’s Street Doctor website |url=http://thestreetdoctor.com/about.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110921062929/http://www.thestreetdoctor.com/about.html |archive-date=September 21, 2011 |access-date=July 23, 2011}}</ref> O ne a tshwarelwa go thuba banka ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e le lesome le boraro, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le boraro (1983), mme morago ga moo a bonwa molato,ka ntlha ya bosupi jwa kgatiso ya menwana . <ref name="westward" /> O ne a fetsa dingwaga di le lesome a tswaletswe a le esi kwa kgolegelong dingwaga di le lesome le bosupa ka ntlha ya go thuba. Ka nako ya fa a ne a le mo kgolegelong a le nosi, o ne a ithuta mekwalo ya semoya, thuto ya tlhaloganyo le molao, mme o ne a rapela gore a kgone go thusa ba bangwe fa a ka gololwa. Mo potsolotsong ya ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bongwe (2011), o ne a re: "Ke ne ke batla go dira pharologanyo mo matshelong a bana ka gonne ga go ope yo o dirileng pharologanyo mo go nna." <ref name="shambhala" /> Best o ne a gololwa mo kgolegelong ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi ( 2000). Mo dingwageng di le tharo fela, o ne a tlhoma mokgatlho o o bidiwang Street Warriors mmogo le batho ba bangwe ba le mmalwa ba ba neng e le badira melato. <ref name="shambhala" /> <ref name="helpinghands" /> Mananeo a a mokgatlho a ne a akaretsa thulaganyo ya banana ya selemo, go gakolola banana ba ba nnang mo matlong a sechaba, mananeo a go lemosa bagolo le banana ka digongwana le go tshereganya, le ditiro tsa metshameko tse di akaretsang mabole le setlhopha sa bolotlola . Mo dingwageng di le mmalwa, mokgatlho oo o ne o tlhokomela lefelo lengwe, mme lefelo leo le ne la tswalwa ka ntlha ya go tlhoka madi. Best o ne a tsamaisa ditiro tsa gagwe tsa bopelotlhomoge ka koloi e e neng a e abetswe. <ref name="shambhala" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 23, 2010 |title=CEC Turkey Donations Brighten Spirits for Newark's Homeless and Seniors |url=http://www.cecintl.com/news_2010_032.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111009133834/http://www.cecintl.com/news_2010_032.html |archive-date=October 9, 2011 |access-date=August 23, 2011 |publisher=Community Education Centers, Breaking the Cycle of Recidivism |df=mdy-all}}</ref> == Mokgatlho wa Street == Best o ne a rwala dilwana tse di tshwana dikobo le dijo mo terakeng ya gagwe, gore di ye go abiwe kwa mafelong a batho ba ba se nang magae kgotsa batho ba ba kopang dilo ba phuthegelang kwa go one. O bolela gore batho ba a ikhutsa fa ba sena go ja, mme ene o nna a "tsamaya" le batho fa a sena go ba neela meneelo ya gagwe. "Kagiso e amana le go ritibala, mme a o a itse, dijo di ritibatsa batho. Ga o ke o bona batho ba senya difatlhego fa ba ja. Dijo ke kagiso". Mafelo a Best e rekisang dijo mo go one a akaretsa dikago tse di tlogetsweng, mafelo a go rekisetswang dilo mo go one, dikgolegelo, mafelo a go tlhokomelwa bana le dikolo. O bolela gore karolo nngwe ya babereki ba gagwe ba mmila ke go neela batho "dijo tsa mogopolo le tsa pelo ... Fa e le gore ba bua ka kgokgontsho, ke ba bontsha kafa ke neng ka dirisa maatla a me mo kgonkgontshong ka teng mme ka a dirisa mo kagisong". Best a re o neela bana dinomoro tsa gagwe tsa mogala wa Letheka a bo a ba rotloetsa gore ba mo leletse pele fa ba ka dira sengwe se se bosula." <ref name="shambhala" /> Ditiro tse dingwe tsa gagwe tsa go thusa banana di akaretsa go rulaganyetsa banana ba le masome a marato loeto lwa go ya kwa lotshitshing lwa lewatle go keteka Letsatsi la ga Rre ([[:en:Father's_Day|Father's day]]). <ref>{{Cite news|last=Rainey|first=Matt|title=Newark Teens Spend Father's Day at Seaside Heights|work=Newark Star-Ledger|date=June 20, 2010|url=http://photos.nj.com/star-ledger/2010/06/ga0621waterpark_rainey_4.html|access-date=July 24, 2011}}</ref> == Dietsele le Ditlotla == Earl Best o amogetse dietsele tse di farologaneng, mme o umakilwe mo dikgannyeng tse di buang ka botlhoka kutlo kwa Newark. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Mayor Booker Addresses Safety Concerns|location=Newark, NJ|date=August 19, 2009|url=http://www.ci.newark.nj.us/press/press_releases/2009_08_19_01.php|access-date=July 24, 2011}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi ( 2008), Best o ne a tlotliwa ka tsela e e sa solofelwang ke [[GQ Magazine|Koranta ya GQ]] kwa Moletlong wa yone wa Banna kwa New York City, mme o ne a amogela seetsele go tswa go modiragatsi e bong [[Forest Whitaker]] . <ref>{{Cite news|title="Street Doctor" visits Asbury, urges cooperation in battle against guns, street violence|date=July 27, 2011|url=http://www.nj.com/newark/index.ssf/2008/10/newarks_street_doctor_gets_sta.html|access-date=August 23, 2011}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Newark questions curfew enforcement for juveniles|date=September 2, 2009|url=http://www.essexcountypolitics.com/news/general/2009/09/02/newark-questions-curfew-enforcement-juveniles|access-date=August 23, 2011}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe ( 2009), Best o ne a akgola molweladitshwanelo ka ene, Yusuf Shabazz, yo o neng a bolawa ka go thuntshiwa a le dingwaga di le masome a mabedi le bobedi . Shabazz o ne a tshwerwe ka ntlha ya go rekisa diritibatsi a le dingwaga di le lesome le borataro , mme o ne a kgonne go fetola botshelo jwa gagwe. O ne a neelwa dithuto tsa go rulaganya metshameko go tswa mo setlhopheng sa banana se se sa direng dipoelo sa [[:en:ASPIRA_Association|Aspira]], mme a simolola go dira metshameko e e buang ka go fedisa tirisodikgoka ya digongwana . <ref>{{Cite news|title=Newark Anti-violence Activist Killed in Shooting Crossfire|date=November 4, 2009|url=http://www.nj.com/news/index.ssf/2009/11/newark_anti-violence_activist.html}}</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong, ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bongwe ( 2011 )Best e ne e le sebui se se tlhageletseng kwa Bokopanong jwa dithuto tsa go tisa Kagiso jwa ngwaga wa 2021 kwa Newark , e leng Bokopano jwa boditšhabatšhaba jo bo neng bo bua ka go tlhoka tirisodikgoka e gape e neng e na le [[:en:14th_Dalai_Lama|Dalai Lama]] . <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://blog.nj.com/njv_joan_whitlow/2011/02/in_newark_a_time_to_give_peace.html|title=In Newark, a time to give peace a chance|date=February 4, 2011}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Newark Leaders Look for Lessons at Peace Summit|date=May 8, 2011|url=https://newyork.cbslocal.com/2011/05/08/newark-leaders-look-for-lessons-from-peace-summit/|access-date=July 24, 2011}}</ref> == Leso == Best o tlhokafetse ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e le masome a mabedi le bosupa, ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bongwe, kwa lefelong la tlhokomelo e e tseneletseng a le dingwaga di le masome a supa le bone morago ga ntwa telele le bolwetse jwa kankere. Moragonyana go ne ga itsisiwe gore o tlhokafetse letsatsi le le latelang. O ne a tlogela morwawe, bokgaitsadie, le ditlogolo tsa gagwe. Ratoropo wa Newark Ras Baraka o boletse mo segopotson se se neng ya tsenngwa mo tsebeng ya maranyane ya Instagram gore "Batho ba le bantsi ba ne ba solegelwa molemo ke tsela ya gagwe ya go tokafatsa le tsela ya gagwe ya go iphitlhelela." <ref>{{Cite news|last=Cowen|first=Richard|title=Newark mourns the passing of longtime activist, 'The Street Doctor'|url=https://www.nj.com/essex/2021/12/newark-mourns-the-passing-of-longtime-activist-the-street-doctor.html|work=NJ.com|publisher=Advance Media|date=December 28, 2021|access-date=January 14, 2022}}</ref> <ref>@rasjbaraka&#x3B; (December 28, 2021). [https://www.instagram.com/rasjbaraka/p/CYCbydzlIvp/ "Earl The Street Doctor Best. Rest in Power and Paradise. The city will not be the same without you. Godspeed my brother. As he would say spider webs can tie up a lion Yibambe!!!!".] Retrieved January 14, 2022 &#x2013; via [[Instagram.]]</ref> Tirelo ya segopotso e ne ya tshwarwa ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e le lesome le bone, ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi le bobedi (2022) koo moragonyana a neng a fitlhwa teng kwa Mabitleng a Fairmount kwa Newark diura di le mmalwa moragonyana. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Newark 'Street Doctor,' prisoner-turned-activist, laid to rest in NJ|url=https://abc7ny.com/earl-best-street-doctor-funeral-newark/11468137/|work=[[WABC-TV]]|date=January 14, 2021|access-date=January 14, 2021}}</ref> == Nopolo ==  Ke ile ka kopana le batho ba ba tswang mo lefatsheng lotlhe ba ba ileng ba nkgatlha, mme ba mpotsa ba re, 'Ngaka ya mo Seterateng, kagiso e kaya eng mo go wena?' Mme seno ke se se kayang mo go nna: Thuto e e tshwanetseng. Ka gale baakanya diphoso.<ref>Best, Earl (May 17, 2011). "[http://thestreetdoctor.com/home.html Street Doctor Featuring His Holiness The Dalai Lama".] YouTube. Retrieved July 24, 2011.</ref> - Earl Best, kwa Newark Peace Education Summit ya 2011 == Ditshupiso == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> shfezet9vfkzv8d1na18lzrhi8z9ked 0 15197 55382 2026-09-23T10:07:40Z MmaBaggio 11091 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1292737056|Mary Garnet Barboza]]" 55382 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mary Garnet Barboza''' ( O tshotswe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi le masome a mane le botlhano a bo a tlhokafala ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabobedi le masome a robabongwe (1845 – 1890 ) e ne e le mothei wa sekolo sa Maaforika kwa Amerika le molwela-diphetogo tsa thuto ya basadi kwa [[Liberia]] . O tshotswe e le Mary Garnet ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e le lesome le bongwe, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi le lesome le bongwe (1845), kwa Troy, New York, e le ngwana a le mongwe fela yo o neng a tshela wa moganetsi wa puso Henry Highland Garnet le mosadi wa gagwe, moganetsi wa puso Julia Williams . <ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Scruggs |first=L. |date=1893 |title=Women of Distinction |url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.aa0014724744&view=1up&seq=107&q1=barboza |pages=63}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi le masome a marataro le borataro (1866 )o ne a nyala Antero Barboza, molwela ditshwanelo tsa banni wa motho montsho wa kwa Brazil. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Belton |first=L |date=2021 |title=A deep interest in your cause: the inter-American sphere of black abolitionism and civil rights. |url=https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/169123/5/Author%20accepted%20manuscript%20-%20Lloyd%20Belton.pdf |journal=Slavery and Abolition |volume=42 |issue=3 |pages=589–609 |doi=10.1080/0144039X.2020.1860651}}</ref> Ba ne ba na le bana ba le bane. <ref name=":0" /> Go tloga ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi le masome a robabobedi (1880), ene le lelapa la gagwe ba ne ba fudugela kwa Brewerville, kwa Liberia. Rraagwe o ne a nna le bone ngwaga o o latelang mme a tlhokafalela koo ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi le masome a robabobedi le bobedi (1882). O ne a tlhoma Sekolo sa Segopotso sa Garnet go mo gopola ka tshegetso ya mekgatlho ya Amerika le ya Boritane e e neng e le kgatlhanong le bokgoba le kereke ya Presbyterian. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cornell University Library Digital Collections Bookreader |url=https://reader.library.cornell.edu/docviewer/digital?id=liber024#page/13/mode/1up |access-date=2024-02-07 |website=reader.library.cornell.edu}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Seraile |first=William |date=1985 |title=The Brief Diplomatic Career of Henry Highland Garnet |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/274947 |journal=Phylon |volume=46 |issue=1 |pages=71–81 |doi=10.2307/274947 |issn=0031-8906 |jstor=274947 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Sekolo seo se ne sa neela basetsana ba le lekgolo le masome a mabedi le botlhano ithutuntsho ya madirelo. <ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi le masome a robabobedi le botlhano (1885), e re ka ba ne ba latlhegetswe ke dithuso tsa madi a a tswang kwa Mokgatlhong wa Bokoloniale wa lefatshe la New York, ba lelapa la ga Barboza ba ne ba ya kwa Amerika go ya go bona kemonokeng ya bathong ba ba thusang batho ka bongwe. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabobedi le masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi (1888) Mary o ne a le kwa Engelane a bua kwa Manchester le Birmingham go kgobokanya madi a sekolo sa gagwe, mme seo se ne sa kgatlha babegadikgang ba Boritane. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Watts |first=James |date=2023 |title="Carrying with her a most influential and intelligent audience." Women Lecturers, the British Empire, and the Manchester Geographical Society, 1884-1920 |url=https://www.mangeogsoc.org.uk/pdfs/watts_23_1.pdf |journal=North West Geography |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=6}}</ref> == Ditshupiso == [[Karolo:Articles with hCards]] iu5n3ktelj7ieg9fx4urm9rmne0g6bp 55384 55382 2026-09-23T10:15:30Z MmaBaggio 11091 55384 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mary Garnet Barboza''' ( O tshotswe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi le masome a mane le botlhano a bo a tlhokafala ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabobedi le masome a robabongwe (1845 – 1890 ) e ne e le mothei wa sekolo sa Maaforika kwa Amerika le molwela-diphetogo tsa thuto ya basadi kwa [[Liberia]] . {{Infobox person|birth_name=Mary Garnet|birth_date=Tlhakole 11, 1845|birth_place=[[Troy, New York]]|death_date={{|1890|1845}}|occupation=Morutuntshi|known for=Go tlhama Sekolo sa Basetsana kwa Liberia|mother=[[Julia Williams (abolitionist)|Julia Williams]]|father=[[Henry Highland Garnet]]}} O tshotswe e le Mary Garnet ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e le lesome le bongwe, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi le lesome le bongwe (1845), kwa [[Troy, New York]], e le ngwana a le mongwe fela yo o neng a tshela wa moganetsi wa puso Henry Highland Garnet le mosadi wa gagwe, moganetsi wa puso [[Julia Williams]] . <ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Scruggs |first=L. |date=1893 |title=Women of Distinction |url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.aa0014724744&view=1up&seq=107&q1=barboza |pages=63}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi le masome a marataro le borataro (1866 )o ne a nyala Antero Barboza, molwela ditshwanelo tsa banni wa motho montsho wa kwa Brazil. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Belton |first=L |date=2021 |title=A deep interest in your cause: the inter-American sphere of black abolitionism and civil rights. |url=https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/169123/5/Author%20accepted%20manuscript%20-%20Lloyd%20Belton.pdf |journal=Slavery and Abolition |volume=42 |issue=3 |pages=589–609 |doi=10.1080/0144039X.2020.1860651}}</ref> Ba ne ba na le bana ba le bane. <ref name=":0" /> Go tloga ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi le masome a robabobedi (1880), ene le lelapa la gagwe ba ne ba fudugela kwa Brewerville, kwa Liberia. Rraagwe o ne a nna le bone ngwaga o o latelang mme a tlhokafalela koo ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi le masome a robabobedi le bobedi (1882). O ne a tlhoma Sekolo sa Segopotso sa Garnet go mo gopola ka tshegetso ya mekgatlho ya Amerika le ya Boritane e e neng e le kgatlhanong le bokgoba le kereke ya Presbyterian. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cornell University Library Digital Collections Bookreader |url=https://reader.library.cornell.edu/docviewer/digital?id=liber024#page/13/mode/1up |access-date=2024-02-07 |website=reader.library.cornell.edu}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Seraile |first=William |date=1985 |title=The Brief Diplomatic Career of Henry Highland Garnet |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/274947 |journal=Phylon |volume=46 |issue=1 |pages=71–81 |doi=10.2307/274947 |issn=0031-8906 |jstor=274947 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Sekolo seo se ne sa neela basetsana ba le lekgolo le masome a mabedi le botlhano ithutuntsho ya madirelo. <ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi le masome a robabobedi le botlhano (1885), e re ka ba ne ba latlhegetswe ke dithuso tsa madi a a tswang kwa Mokgatlhong wa Bokoloniale wa lefatshe la New York, ba lelapa la ga Barboza ba ne ba ya kwa Amerika go ya go bona kemonokeng ya bathong ba ba thusang batho ka bongwe. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabobedi le masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi (1888) Mary o ne a le kwa Engelane a bua kwa Manchester le Birmingham go kgobokanya madi a sekolo sa gagwe, mme seo se ne sa kgatlha babegadikgang ba Boritane. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Watts |first=James |date=2023 |title="Carrying with her a most influential and intelligent audience." Women Lecturers, the British Empire, and the Manchester Geographical Society, 1884-1920 |url=https://www.mangeogsoc.org.uk/pdfs/watts_23_1.pdf |journal=North West Geography |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=6}}</ref> == Ditshupiso == [[Karolo:Articles with hCards]] 7jumnjqd6yh2dy0glbfywj9xcqchujz 0 15198 55393 2026-09-23T10:43:50Z MmaBaggio 11091 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1357704211|Mathilda Beasley]]" 55393 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mathilda Taylor Beasley''', [[:en:Franciscans|OSF]] ( O tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e le lesome le bone, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi le masome a mararo le bobedi (1832) – O tlhokafetse ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e le masome a mabedi , ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le boraro (1903 ) e ne e le morutabana wa Mokatoliki wa motho Montsho le moeteledipele wa bodumedi yo e neng e le moitlami wa ntlha wa Moaforika kwa Amerika go berekela kwa lefatsheng ya [[Georgia (U.S. State)|Georgia]] . O ne a tlhoma setlhopha sa baitlami ba Maaforika a ma Amerika le nngwe ya matlo a ntlha a masiela a kwa United States a basetsana ba Maaforika-Amerika. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone (2004) morago ga loso lwa gagwe o ne a bidiwa Mosadi wa Phitlhelelo wa Georgia . == Botshelo jwa gagwe == O tsholetswe kwa New Orleans, kwa Louisiana ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e le lesome le bone, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi le masome a mararo le bobedi <ref name="GWoA">{{Cite web |title=Honorees: Mathilda Taylor Beasley |url=http://www.georgiawomen.org/_honorees/beasleym/index.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090504011512/https://www.georgiawomen.org/_honorees/beasleym/index.html |archive-date=May 4, 2009 |access-date=7 February 2015 |publisher=Georgia Women of Achievement}}</ref> O ne a kolobediwa e le Mokatoliki ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabobedi le masome a marataro le borobabongwe( 1869) e le go ipaakanyetsa lenyalo la gagwe le Abraham Beasley, mong wa lefelo la dijo la mahala la batho bantsho yo o humileng kwa Savannah, yo o neng a tlhokafala ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi le masome a supa le bosupa (1877). A na le [[Catherine]] le [[Jane Deveaux]], Beasley o ne a ruta makgoba kwa legaeng la gagwe kwa Savannah, Georgia pele ga Ntwa ya Selegae le fa seo se ne se sa letlelelwa ka nako eo <ref>{{Cite web |last=Wells-Bacon, Mary |date=May 26, 1987 |title=The Life of Mathilda Beasley |url=http://library.armstrong.edu/Beasley_Mathilda.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150919025551/http://library.armstrong.edu/Beasley_Mathilda.pdf |archive-date=September 19, 2015}}</ref> Moragonyana mo botshelong, fa a sena go nna moitlami wa Mo-Franciscan kwa Engelane, Beasley o ne a boela kwa United States mme a tlhoma setlhopha sa borweetsana ba Maaforika-Amerika kwa Georgia, se se bidiwang [[Sisters of the Third Order of St. Francis (Georgia)|Sisters of the Third Order of St.Francis]] . <ref name="berend">{{Cite news|title=Teacher, nun, hero - Savannah's Mother Mathilda will be honored as one of Georgia's 'Women of Achievement.'|date=February 21, 2004}}</ref> Beasley o ne a leka go kopanya setlhopha sa gagwe le Mokgatlho wa Franciscan mme ga seka ga atlege. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1994 |title=Black Women in America: An Historical Encyclopedia |publisher=First Indiana University Press Edition |isbn=0-253-32774-1 |pages=99–100}}</ref> Gape o ne a simolola lengwe la mafelo a ntlha a masiela kwa United States a basetsana ba Maaforika-Amerika, Legae la St. Francis la Dikhutsana tsa batho ba Mmala. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-08-13 |title=Marker Monday: Mother Mathilda Beasley, O.S.F.: Georgia's First Black Nun |url=https://georgiahistory.com/marker-monday-mother-mathilda-beasley-o-s-f-georgias-first-black-nun/ |access-date=2020-05-21 |website=Georgia Historical Society |language=en-US}}</ref> O tlhokafetse ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e le masome a mabedi, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le boraro ( 1903). <ref name="GWoA" /> == Boswa == Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bobedi ( 1982) Mother Mathilda Beasley Park e ne ya kgakolwa kwa Savannah mo lefelong le le kafa botlhaba jwa East Broad Street. Letshwao la ditso tsa Georgia le le supang botshelo jwa gagwe le ne la tlhongwa ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi ( 1988) kwa legaeng la gagwe kwa Savannah<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mother Mathilda Beasley, O.S.F. Historical Marker |url=https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=6009 |access-date=2020-05-21 |website=www.hmdb.org |language=en-US}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone ( 2014) ntlwana ya gagwe, e pele e neng e le kwa Mmileng wa Price wa 1511, e ne ya fudusediwa kwa Phakeng ya ga Mme Mathilda Beasley jaaka lefelo la ditlhanolo. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone (2004), Beasley o ne a tsenngwa mo ntlolehalahala e e tumilenng ya Basadi ba diphitlhelelo ya Georgia([[:en:Georgia_Women_of_Achievement|Georgia Women of Achievement]]) . <ref name="GWoA" /> == Ditshupiso == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> == Puiso e nngwe == * {{Cite web |title=Mathilda Beasley and the Catholic Church |url=http://georgiahistory.com/education-outreach/online-exhibits/featured-historical-figures/mother-mathilda-beasley/mathilda-beasley-and-the-catholic-church/ |access-date=November 27, 2018 |website=[[Georgia Historical Society]]}} == Dikgokagano tsa kwa ntle == * Mathilda Beasley at Find a Grave {{Georgia Women of Achievement}} 3wp8b4sfbrfdax78dr5erhvidlprhah 55395 55393 2026-09-23T10:48:42Z MmaBaggio 11091 55395 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mathilda Taylor Beasley''', [[:en:Franciscans|OSF]] ( O tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e le lesome le bone, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi le masome a mararo le bobedi (1832) – O tlhokafetse ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e le masome a mabedi , ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le boraro (1903 ) e ne e le morutabana wa Mokatoliki wa motho Montsho le moeteledipele wa bodumedi yo e neng e le moitlami wa ntlha wa Moaforika kwa Amerika go berekela kwa lefatsheng ya [[Georgia (U.S. State)|Georgia]] . O ne a tlhoma setlhopha sa baitlami ba Maaforika a ma Amerika le nngwe ya matlo a ntlha a masiela a kwa United States a basetsana ba Maaforika-Amerika. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone (2004) morago ga loso lwa gagwe o ne a bidiwa Mosadi wa Phitlhelelo wa Georgia . == Botshelo jwa gagwe == O tsholetswe kwa New Orleans, kwa Louisiana ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e le lesome le bone, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi le masome a mararo le bobedi <ref name="GWoA">{{Cite web |title=Honorees: Mathilda Taylor Beasley |url=http://www.georgiawomen.org/_honorees/beasleym/index.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090504011512/https://www.georgiawomen.org/_honorees/beasleym/index.html |archive-date=May 4, 2009 |access-date=7 February 2015 |publisher=Georgia Women of Achievement}}</ref> O ne a kolobediwa e le Mokatoliki ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabobedi le masome a marataro le borobabongwe( 1869) e le go ipaakanyetsa lenyalo la gagwe le Abraham Beasley, mong wa lefelo la dijo la mahala la batho bantsho yo o humileng kwa Savannah, yo o neng a tlhokafala ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabobedi le masome a supa le bosupa (1877). A na le [[Catherine]] le [[Jane Deveaux]], Beasley o ne a ruta makgoba kwa legaeng la gagwe kwa Savannah, Georgia pele ga Ntwa ya Selegae le fa seo se ne se sa letlelelwa ka nako eo <ref>{{Cite web |last=Wells-Bacon, Mary |date=May 26, 1987 |title=The Life of Mathilda Beasley |url=http://library.armstrong.edu/Beasley_Mathilda.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150919025551/http://library.armstrong.edu/Beasley_Mathilda.pdf |archive-date=September 19, 2015}}</ref> Moragonyana mo botshelong, fa a sena go nna moitlami wa Mo-Franciscan kwa Engelane, Beasley o ne a boela kwa United States mme a tlhoma setlhopha sa borweetsana ba Maaforika-Amerika kwa Georgia, se se bidiwang [[Sisters of the Third Order of St. Francis (Georgia)|Sisters of the Third Order of St.Francis]] . <ref name="berend">{{Cite news|title=Teacher, nun, hero - Savannah's Mother Mathilda will be honored as one of Georgia's 'Women of Achievement.'|date=February 21, 2004}}</ref> Beasley o ne a leka go kopanya setlhopha sa gagwe le Mokgatlho wa Franciscan mme ga seka ga atlege. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1994 |title=Black Women in America: An Historical Encyclopedia |publisher=First Indiana University Press Edition |isbn=0-253-32774-1 |pages=99–100}}</ref> Gape o ne a simolola lengwe la mafelo a ntlha a masiela kwa United States a basetsana ba Maaforika-Amerika, Legae la St. Francis la Dikhutsana tsa batho ba Mmala. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-08-13 |title=Marker Monday: Mother Mathilda Beasley, O.S.F.: Georgia's First Black Nun |url=https://georgiahistory.com/marker-monday-mother-mathilda-beasley-o-s-f-georgias-first-black-nun/ |access-date=2020-05-21 |website=Georgia Historical Society |language=en-US}}</ref> O tlhokafetse ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e le masome a mabedi, ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le boraro ( 1903). <ref name="GWoA" /> == Boswa == Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bobedi ( 1982) Mother Mathilda Beasley Park e ne ya kgakolwa kwa Savannah mo lefelong le le kafa botlhaba jwa East Broad Street. Letshwao la ditso tsa Georgia le le supang botshelo jwa gagwe le ne la tlhongwa ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi ( 1988) kwa legaeng la gagwe kwa Savannah<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mother Mathilda Beasley, O.S.F. Historical Marker |url=https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=6009 |access-date=2020-05-21 |website=www.hmdb.org |language=en-US}}</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone ( 2014) ntlwana ya gagwe, e pele e neng e le kwa Mmileng wa Price wa 1511, e ne ya fudusediwa kwa Phakeng ya ga Mme Mathilda Beasley jaaka lefelo la ditlhanolo. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bone (2004), Beasley o ne a tsenngwa mo ntlolehalahala e e tumilenng ya Basadi ba diphitlhelelo ya Georgia([[:en:Georgia_Women_of_Achievement|Georgia Women of Achievement]]) . <ref name="GWoA" /> [[Setshwantsho:Beasley Cottage and plaque.jpg|thumb|190x190px]] == Ditshupiso == <references /> == Puiso e nngwe == * {{Cite web |title=Mathilda Beasley and the Catholic Church |url=http://georgiahistory.com/education-outreach/online-exhibits/featured-historical-figures/mother-mathilda-beasley/mathilda-beasley-and-the-catholic-church/ |access-date=November 27, 2018 |website=[[Georgia Historical Society]]}} * == Dikgokagano tsa kwa ntle == * Mathilda Beasley at Find a Grave 9xqqw1nby2cbf3jn60hun4oq2insrz0