Wikipedia tnwiki https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsebe_ya_konokono MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.23 first-letter Pego Faphegileng Puisano Modirisi Puisano ya modirisi Wikipedia Puisano ya Wikipedia Setshwantsho Puisano ya setshwantsho MediaWiki Puisano ya MediaWiki Tempolete Puisano ya tempolete Thuso Puisano ya thuso Karolo Puisano ya karolo TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk Western Sahara 0 10453 56564 39665 2026-10-11T17:31:36Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 56564 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement|name=Western Sahara|native_name=Sáhara Occidental|settlement_type=[[Territorial dispute|Disputed territory]]|image_map=Westernsaharamap.png|map_caption=Map of Western Sahara|coordinates={{Coord|25|N|13|W|type:country}}|subdivision_type=Status|subdivision_name=''See [[political status of Western Sahara]]''|subdivision_type1=[[List of sovereign states|Countries]]|subdivision_name1={{Unbulleted list | {{Flag|Morocco}} (as its "[[Southern Provinces]]") | {{Flag|Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic}} (in the "[[Free Zone (region)|Free Zone]]")}}|seat_type=Largest city|seat=[[Laayoune]]|unit_pref=Metric|area_urban_footnotes=<!--<ref name="auto1"> </ref> -->|area_rural_footnotes=<!--<ref name="auto1" /> -->|area_metro_footnotes=<!--<ref name="auto1" /> -->|area_note=<ref name="Area">[https://www.britannica.com/summary/Western-Sahara Encyclopædia Britannica: Western Sahara summary]</ref>|area_total_km2=272,000|population_total={{UN_Population|Western Sahara}}{{UN_Population|ref}}|population_density_km2=2.03|population_note=({{UN_Population|Year}})|utc_offset=+01:00|iso_code=[[ISO 3166-2:EH|EH]]|website=<!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->}} '''Western Sahara''' ke kgaolo e e lwelwang kwa bokone-bophirima jwa [[Aferika|Aforika]]. E bophara jwa di dikhilomitara di le dikete tse di makgolo mabedi, masome a supa le bobedi.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/summary/Western-Sahara Encyclopædia Britannica: Western Sahara summary]</ref> 30% ya kgaolo e e laolwa ke [[:en:Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic|Sahwari Arab Democratic Republic]] (SADR); 70% e e setseng yone e laolwa<ref>[https://docs.un.org/en/A/RES/35/19 "A/RES/35/19 – E – A/RES/35/19"]. ''Question of Western Sahara''. p. 214. Retrieved 13 March 2025.</ref><ref>Christian Walter; Antje von Ungern-Sternberg; Kavus Abushov (5 June 2014). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=tGQJBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT264&redir_esc=y Self-Determination and Secession in International Law]''. OUP Oxford. p. 264. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-19-100692-0|<bdi>978-0-19-100692-0</bdi>.]]</ref>ke lefatshe le le mabapi la [[Morocco]].<ref name=":0">[https://citypopulation.de/en/westernsahara/ City Population: Western Sahara (disputed territory)]</ref> Ke kgaolo e e phatlaletseng thata go feta tse mafatshe otlhe mo Aforika, mme e le ya bobedi mo lefatsheng ka kakaretso. Palo ya batho ba kgaolo e akanyediwa e ka nna dikete tse thataro, lesome le borobabobedi, le makgolo a marataro. 40% ya banni ba nna mo toropong e e laolwang ke Morocco ya [[Laayoune]], e e leng yone toropo e tona mo Western Sahara.<ref name=":0" /><ref>Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division (2009). [https://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/wpp2008/wpp2008_text_tables.pdf "World Population Prospects, Table A.1"] (PDF). 2008 revision. United Nations. Retrieved 13 March 2025.</ref> Lefatshe la Western Sahara le ne le le mo taolong ya [[Spain]], ka leina la [[:en:Spanish_Sahara|Spanish Sahara]] go fitlhelela ka ngwaga wa 1975, le sale le nna mo [[:en:United_Nations_list_of_non-self-governing_territories|lenaaneng la United Nations]] la dikgaolo tse di sa itaoleng fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 1963.<ref>Mariano Aguirre, ''[http://www.tni.org/archives/act/463 Vers la fin du conflit au Sahara occidental, Espoirs de paix en Afrique du Nord Latine]'' [https://web.archive.org/web/20131113134110/http://www.tni.org/archives/act/463 Archived] 13 November 2013 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] in: ''Le Monde diplomatique, Novembre 1997''</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 1965, [[United Nations General Assembly]] e ne ya tsaya tshwetso ka Western Sahara, e kopa lefatshe la [[Spain]] go emisa go laola kgaolo e.<ref>United Nations General Assembly (16 December 1965). [https://www.un.org/documents/ga/res/20/ares20.htm "Resolutions Adopted by the General Assembly During Its Twentieth Session – Resolution 2072 (XX) – Question of Ifni and Spanish Sahara".]</ref> Morago ga ngwaga go ne ga ntshiwa molao wa resolution 2229 (XXI) ke ba UN General Assembly ba kopa lefatshe la Spain go dira tlhopo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120227033515/http://minurso.unmissions.org/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=JaHM1%2Fa%2FAww%3D&tabid=3959 "Milestones in the Western Sahara conflict"]. Archived from [https://minurso.unmissions.org/ the original] on 13 March 2025.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 1975, lefatshe la Spain le ne la tlogelela dithata tsa go laola kgaolo e ba le nosi, mme ba e kopanela le ba [[Morocco]] le [[Mauritania]]<ref>González Campo, Julio. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304042159/http://www.realinstitutoelcano.org/documentos/98/DT-15-2004-E.pdf "Documento de Trabajo núm. 15 DT-2004. Las pretensiones de Marruecos sobre los territorios españoles en el norte de África (1956–2002)"] (PDF) (in Spanish). [[:en:Elcano_Royal_Institute|Real Instituto Elcano]]. p. 6. Archived from [https://www.realinstitutoelcano.org/documentos/98/DT-15-2004-E.pdf the original] (PDF) on 13 March 2025.</ref>. Go ne ga tsoga ntwa gareng ga mafatshe a le lekgotla la Sahrawi la [[:en:Polisario_Front|Polisario Front]], le le neng le itshupa fa e le lone le le tshwanetseng go etelela pele SADR kwa [[Tindouf]], [[Algeria]]. Lefatshe la Mauritania le ne la ikgogela morago ka ngwaga wa 1979, mme lefatshe la Morocco la tsaya taolo ya kgaolo, le ditoropo tse ditona ga mmogo le ditswammung. Lekgotla la UN, le dumela fa [[:en:Polisario_Front|Polisario Front]] e le yone moemedi o o tshwanetseng wa batho ba [[:en:Sahrawis|Sahrawi,]] ebile ba dumela fa batho ba o e le bone ba tshwanetseng go itseela tshwetso.<ref>Stefan Gänzle; Benjamin Leruth; Jarle Trondal (15 November 2019). [https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=gaS-DwAAQBAJ&pg=PT191&redir_esc=y ''Differentiated Integration and Disintegration in a Post-Brexit Era''.] Taylor & Francis. p. 191. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-429-64884-7|<bdi>978-0-429-64884-7</bdi>.]]</ref><ref>[https://docs.un.org/A/RES/34/37 "United Nations General Assembly Resolution 34/37, The Question of Western Sahara"]. ''undocs.org''. United Nations. 21 November 1979. A/RES/34/37. Retrieved 13 March 2025</ref>Lefatshe la Western Sahara ke lone le le iseng le tseye boipuso mo Aforika.<ref>[https://www.democracynow.org/2020/12/24/western_sahara_a_rare_look_inside "Western Sahara: A Rare Look Inside Africa's Last Colony as U.S. Recognizes Moroccan Occupation]". ''Democracy Now!''. 4 December 2020. Retrieved 13 March 2025.</ref><ref>Connett, David (23 January 2016). [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/western-sahara-africa-s-last-colony-takes-struggle-for-selfdetermination-to-european-courts-a6830216.html "Africa's last colony has taken its struggle for self-determination to European courts"]. ''The Independent''. Retrieved 13 March 2025.</ref> Fa e sale ka tumalano ya UN ya go emisa ntwa ka ngwaga wa 1991, bontsi jwa kgaolo bo ntse bo eteletswe pele ke puso ya Morocco, ba engwe nokeng ke mafatshe a [[France]] le [[USA|United States]]. Kgaolo e e setseng e eteletswe pele ke SADR, ka thotloetso ya lefatshe la [[Algeria]].<ref>Baehr, Peter R. ''The United Nations at the End of the 1990s''. 1999, page 129.</ref> Mafatshe a tshwana le la [[Russia]] ga ba tseye lotlhakore fa go tla mo go dumalaneng gore ke mang oo tshwanetseng go etelela pele lefatshe le. Go tsena ka ngwaga wa 2020 go ne go sena mafatshe ape a a mo United Nations a a neng a lemoga ketelelo pele ya Morocco mo dintlheng dingwe tsa Western Sahara.<ref>[https://www.securitycouncilreport.org/un-documents/document/minurso-s2006249.php "Report of the Secretary-General on the situation concerning Western Sahara (paragraph 37, p. 10)".] 2 March 1993. Retrieved 13 March 2025.</ref><ref>Watch, Western Sahara Resource[https://web.archive.org/web/20161223062620/http://www.wsrw.org/a105x1410 . "Western Sahara not part of EFTA-Morocco free trade agreement – wsrw.org"]. ''www.wsrw.org''. Archived from [https://wsrw.org/en/a105x1410 the original] on 28 December 2016. Retrieved 13 March 2025.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170809213432/http://www.scilj.se/news/international-law-allows-the-recognition-of-western-sahara/ "International law allows the recognition of Western Sahara – Stockholm Center for International Law and Justice"]. 7 November 2015.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa 2020, lefatshe la United States le ne la simolola go lemoga se, ka tumalano ya gore ba nne le botsalano le lefatshe la [[Israel]].<ref>Magid, Jacob (10 December 2020). [https://www.timesofisrael.com/israel-and-morocco-to-establish-full-official-relations-trump-announces/ "'Historic decision': Israel and Morocco agree on full ties 'as soon as possible'".] ''Times of Israel''. Retrieved 10 December 2020.</ref><ref>[https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Joint-Declaration-US-Morrocco-Israel.pdf "Joint Declaration of the Kingdom of Morocco, The United States of America and the State of Israel" (PDF).]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2023, lefatshe la Israel le ne la amogela ketelelopele ya Morocco mo Western Sahara. == Tlholego == Lefatshe la Western Sahara le kwa bokone-bophirima jwa lotshitshi lwa bophirima jwa Aforika gaufi le bokone jwa Aforika, le mo molelwaneng wa lewatle la Atlantic kwa bokonebophirima, lefatshe la Morocco kwa bokone le bokone-botlhaba, Algeria kwa botlha le bokone-botlhaba le Mauritania kwa botlhaba le borwa. <ref>[https://www.britannica.com/place/Western-Sahara "Western Sahara | Facts, History, & Map"]. ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 13 March 2025.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Western Sahara (orthographic projection).svg|left|thumb|Western Sahara mo Aforika]] [[Setshwantsho:Western Sahara Topography.png|center|thumb|Moalo wa Western Sahara]] == Metswedi == kgt5xdgipkbrpvl0q10r9nzfoqvkzn5 Ngwaga wa 2022 mo Botswana 0 14783 56559 54451 2026-10-11T12:37:34Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 56559 wikitext text/x-wiki Lefatshe la [[Botswana]] le ne ka tswelela ka go lwantsha [[Segajaja sa Covid-19 mo Botswana|segajaja sa COVID-19]] ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bobedi, go akaretsa go bonwa ga mofuta wa COVID-19 wa Omicron BA.4 le BA.5, ka dikiletso tsa COVID-19 di repisiwa ka Phalane. Dikgotlhang di ne tsa tswelela ka go nna teng mabapi le [[molelwane wa Botswana le Namibia]], le ntswa go ne ga diriwa lenaneo la molelwane o o butsweng ka Lwetse. Kgotlhang gareng ga ga tautona [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]] le o a neng a mo tlhatlhama [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] e ne ya ya magoletsa ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bobedi, e gakadiwa ke katlholo ya ditlhobolo kgatlhanong le Khama le mokwalo wa go mo tshwara. Puso gape e ne ya itemogela dikganetsano ka go ema nokeng ga ditshutiso tse di tlaa e neelang maatla a mangwe a go nna le baela dilotlhoko ba sephiri le go laola babegadikgang. == Babusi ba nako eo == Tautona:[[Mokgweetsi Masisi]] Mothusa tautona: [[Slumber Tsogwane]] [[Motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente ya Botswana|Motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente:]] [[Phandu Skelemani]] Moatlhodimogolo: [[Terence Rannowane]] == Tse di tsweletseng == * Ngwaga wa dikete pedi le masome a mabedi go tsena dikete di le pedi masome a mabedi le bobedi Ditlou tsa Botswana di a tlhokafala * [[Segajaja sa Covid-19 mo Botswana|Segajaja sa COVID-19 mo Botswana]] * [[Go kentela segajaja sa COVID-19 mo Botswana]] == Ditiragalo == === Firikgong === * Firikgong a le malatsi a mararo go tsena a le lesome le bobedi - tautona Masisi o tsena mo serubing morago ga go fitlhelwa a na le mogare wa COVID-19 mme a sa supe dikai dipe.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/botswanas-president-isolation-after-testing-positive-covid-19-2022-01-03/ "Botswana's president ends isolation after asymptomatic COVID-19".] ''Reuters''. 2022-01-12. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Firikgong a le lesome le motso - seopedi sa [[Aforika Borwa]] [[Makhadzi]] o itsise fa a tlaa dira moletlo wa mosadi a le mongwe mo Botswana, dipoelo tsa one di tsewa ke lefatshe , mo go neng ga baka ngangisano kwa ga gabo kwa [[Limpopo]].<ref>Gaanakgomo, Constance (2022-01-12). [https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2022-01-12-makhadzi-responds-to-criticism-over-botswana-show-instead-of-having-one-back-home/ "Makhadzi responds to criticism over Botswana show instead of having one back home".] ''TimesLIVE''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Firikgong a le lesome le bobedi - kompone ya Botswana Diamonds e bega fa kimberlite e e fitlhelwang mo porojekeng ya yone ya noka ya Aforika Borwa e e mitlwa e feta e e neng e solofetswe, e baka gore e ya kwa godimo ka 19%.<ref>[https://www.mining.com/botswana-diamonds-shares-shoot-up-on-thorny-river-potential/ "Botswana Diamonds shares shoot up on Thorny River potential".] ''Mining.com''. 2022-01-12. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Firikgong a le lesome le borobabobedi -  [[puso ya Botswana]] e simolola go phatlhalatsa mekento ya tlaleletso ya COVID-19.<ref>Ndebele, Lenin (2022-01-26). [https://www.news24.com/africa/news/botswana-has-stockpile-of-3-million-covid-19-vaccines-starts-offering-booster-jabs-20220126 "Botswana has stockpile of 3 million Covid-19 vaccines, starts offering booster jabs".] ''News24''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Firikgong a le masome mabedi - masole a Botswana a rolwa molato wa dipolao tsa batho ba [[Namibia]] mo [[Molelwane wa Botswana le Namibia|molelwaneng wa Botswana-Namibia]], go thatafatsa botsalano jwa mafatshe o o mabedi.<ref>Lute, Aubrey (2022-01-31). [https://web.archive.org/web/20231209064834/https://www.weekendpost.co.bw/33387/news/namibia-mulling-action-against-botswana-over-bdf-inquest-ruling/ "Namibia mulling action against Botswana over BDF inquest ruling".] ''Weekend Post''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Firikgong a le masome mabedi le bone ** Tautona Masisi o kopana le baemedi ba lekgotla la batho ba ba ratanang ka bong bo le bongwe go bua ka maikaelelo a gagwe a go boela morago go dira go ratana ka bong bo bo tshwanang molato.<ref>Riley, John (2022-01-25). [https://www.metroweekly.com/2022/01/botswanas-president-promises-to-implement-court-ruling-decriminalizing-homosexuality/ "Botswana's president promises to implement court ruling decriminalizing homosexuality".] ''Metro Weekly''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> ** Kgotlatshekelo kgolo ya Botswana e tshegetsa teseletso ya go lema motekwane, e re ga e a tsewa sentle.<ref>Ndebele, Lenin (2022-01-24). [https://www.news24.com/africa/news/botswana-high-court-upholds-marijuana-licence-for-single-firm-to-produce-cannabis-for-goods-20220124 "Botswana High Court upholds marijuana licence for single firm to produce cannabis for goods".] ''News24''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> === Tlhakole === * Tlhakole a rogwa ** [[Palamente ya Botswana]] e dumalana le molao wa dithoto tse di mo maranyaneng go laola cryptocurrency <ref>Mguni, Mbongeni (2022-02-02). [https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-02-02/botswana-to-regulate-crypto-that-was-feared-becoming-wild-west "Botswana to Regulate Crypto That Was Feared Becoming 'Wild West'"]. ''Bloomberg.com''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> ** Vast Resources e ikgogela kwa morago mo tumalanong ya go reka moepo wa diteemane wa Ghaghoo mo Gem Diamonds .<ref>[https://www.mining.com/web/vast-resources-pulls-out-of-deal-to-buy-botswanas-ghaghoo-diamond-mine/ "Vast Resources pulls out of deal to buy Botswana's Ghaghoo diamond mine".] ''Mining.com''. 2022-02-01. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Tlhakole a le malatsi a mane - puso e fetola molao wa go nna le baeladilotlhoko ba sephiri go iletsa go reediwa ga dipuisano tsa sephiri.<ref>Dube, Mqondisi (2022-02-04). [https://www.voanews.com/a/6426756.html "Botswana Government Waters Down Phone Tapping Bill After Public Outcry".] ''VOA''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Tlhakole a le lesome le bone - lefatshe la Botswana le simolola molao wa gore mongwe le mongwe o o tsayang loeto go ya Botswana a kentiwe. Molao o ne wa emisiwa kgwedi e e latelang.<ref>Dube, Mqondisi (2022-03-20). [https://www.voanews.com/a/botswana-drops-vaccine-mandate-for-travelers/6493042.html "Botswana Drops Vaccine Mandate for Travelers".] ''VOA''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le boraro - go nna le go hulana ka ditlhobolo mo Gaborone fa [[Sepodise sa Botswana|sepodisi sa Botswana]] se lwantsha setlhopha sa dithukuthi tse di neng di tshotse ditlhobolo le koloi, ba bolaya ba robabongwe mo go ba le lesome le motso.<ref>Ndebele, Lenin. [https://www.news24.com/africa/news/sa-man-among-9-killed-in-shootout-with-botswana-police-following-cash-in-transit-robbery-20220224 "SA man among 9 killed in shootout with Botswana police, following cash-in-transit robbery".] ''News24''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> === Mopitlo === * Mopitlo a le masome a mabedi le motso - [[Tshekedi Khama II]] le [[Anthony Khama]], bomotsalwa le Ian Khama, ba tshwarwa ke lekgotla la  DISS, ba atolosa kgotlhang gareng ga tautona wa pele Khama le wa nako eo Masisi.<ref>Koboyatau, Tumelo (2022-03-22). [https://weekendpost.co.bw/33888/news/khama-brothers-arrested/ "Khama brothers arrested".] ''Weekend Post''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Keabetswe Makgophe, mookamedi wa sepodisi sa Botswana le ene o a tshwarwa.<ref>[https://www.mmegi.bw/editorial/makgophes-arrest-an-embarrassment/news "Makgophe's arrest an embarrassment".] ''Mmegi Online''. 2022-03-28. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> === Moranang === * Motsomi o bolaya nngwe ya ditlou tse ditona tsa Botswana.<ref>[https://www.sapeople.com/eish-south-african-stuff/iconic-big-tusker-elephant-killed-by-trophy-hunter-in-botswana/ "Iconic Big Tusker Elephant Killed by Trophy Hunter in Botswana".] ''SAPeople''. 2022-04-22. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Kgotlatshekelo e gana kopo ya go letlelela monna o o tlhokafetseng go bolokelwa kwa [[Central Kalahari Game Reserve]].<ref>Letswela, Kagiso (2022-02-28). [https://weekendpost.co.bw/33685/news/govt-fears-backlash-from-ckgr-burial-saga/ "Gov't fears backlash from CKGR burial saga".] ''Weekend Post''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Mmele wa gagwe o tlaa bewa kwa setsidifatsing ka lobaka lo lo sa itsiweng fa go santse go goga goganwa.<ref>Basimanebotlhe, Tsaone (2023-01-24). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/gaoberekwes-body-still-in-morgue/news "Gaoberekwe's body still in morgue".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Moranang a le malatsi a mane - Botho Bayendi o thapiwa go nna mookamedi wa [[Komiti ya lefatshe la Botswana ya metshameko ya di Olympic|komiti ya]] [[Komiti ya lefatshe la Botswana ya metshameko ya di Olympic|lefatshe la Botswana ya metshameko ya di Olympic]].<ref>Bila, Leticia (2022-04-06). [https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1121521/bnoc-appoints-new-chief-executive "Botswana National Olympic Committee appoints new chief executive"]. ''www.insidethegames.biz''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Moranang a le lesome - Ntlhopheng wa [[Umbrella for Democratic Change]] Mankie Sekete o fenya ditlhopho tsa poeletso tsa kgotla ya Bophirima.<ref>Mosinyi, Thato (2022-04-10). [https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/66577 "UDC wins Bophirima ward".] ''Daily News Botswana''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Moranang a le lesome le motso - go lemogiwa mofuta wa COVID-19 wa Omicron BA.4 le BA.5 mo Botswana.<ref>[https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1121521/bnoc-appoints-new-chief-executive "New COVID-19 variant detected in Botswana, Namibia busy doing genomic surveillance".] ''Namibia Economist''. 2022-04-14. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Moranang a le lesome le borataro - motlae wa maranyane o dira gore go nne le tumelo e e seng boammaruri ya gore lefatshe la Botswana le wetswe ke kapoko e le lantlha<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20260730175555/https://economist.com.na/69693/health/new-covid-19-variant-detected-in-botswana-namibia-busy-doing-genomic-surveillance/ "New COVID-19 variant detected in Botswana, Namibia busy doing genomic surveillance".] ''Namibia Economist''. 2022-04-14. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Moranang a le masome mabedi - komiti ya kgololesego ya babegadikgang ba Botswana e a tlhamiwa<ref>Mlilo, Portia (2022-04-21). [https://thevoicebw.com/botswana-media-freedom-committee-launched-2/ "Botswana Media Freedom Committee launched".] ''TheVoiceBW''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Moranang a le masome mabedi le motso - tautona wa pele Khama o bilediwa fa pele ga kgotlatshekelo go bo a tshotse ditlhobolo tse di seng ka fa molaong.<ref>[https://www.africanews.com/2022/04/21/former-botswana-president-faces-criminal-charges/ "Former Botswana president faces criminal charges".] ''Africanews''. 2022-04-21. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> === Motsheganong === Motsheganong a le lesome le borataro - kompone ya lookwane lwa lefatshe la Botswana e supa kgatlhego ya yone ya go aga sefetlha motlakase wa magala wa dibilone di le pedi le botlhano.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/botswana-plans-25-bln-coal-to-liquids-plant-cut-fuel-imports-2022-05-16/ "Botswana plans $2.5 bln coal-to-liquids plant to cut fuel imports".] ''Reuters''. 2022-05-16. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Motsheganong a le masome a mabedi le motso - batho ba le babedi  ba bolawa mo kotsing kwa moepong wa selefera le kopore.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/work-suspended-botswanas-khoemacau-copper-mine-after-accident-kills-two-2022-05-21/ "Work suspended at Botswana's Khoemacau copper mine after accident kills two".] ''Reuters''. 2022-05-21. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Seetebosigo a rogwa - [[Andrew Motsomi]] o thapiwa e le mookamedi wa Debswana.<ref>[https://www.africaintelligence.com/southern-africa-and-islands/2022/06/08/debswana-hopes-new-outsider-md-will-bring-the-shine-back-to-its-diamond-business,109790440-art "Debswana hopes new, outsider MD will bring the shine back to its diamond business".] ''Africa Intelligence''. 2022-06-08. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> Seetebosigo a le masome a mabedi le bone - komiti ya diolimpiki ya Botswana e simolola lenaneo la metshameko ya botshelo la banana.<ref>Iveson, Ali (2022-06-24). [https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1124858/botswana-national-olympic-committee "Botswana NOC starts Sport for Life project with administrators' training course".] ''www.insidethegames.biz''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> === Phukwi === * Phukwi ** Moitseanape wa megare Madisa Mine o itsise fa lefatshe la Botswana le fitlheletse dikgele tse lenaneo le le kopanetsweng la [[United Nations General Assembly|United Nations]] la HIV/AIDS 95-95-95 kwa bokopanong jwa masome a mabedi le bone jwa mafatshefatshe jwa HIV/AIDS.<ref>Haseltine, William A. "[https://www.forbes.com/sites/williamhaseltine/2022/08/17/an-end-to-hiv-in-botswana-why-cant-we-accomplish-the-same-in-the-us/ An End To HIV In Botswana, Why Can't We Accomplish The Same In The US?"]. ''Forbes''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> ** Kompone ya Botswana Diamonds e simolola go epa kwa porojekeng ya noka ya Thorny.<ref>[https://www.mining.com/subscribe-login/?id=1095542 "Botswana Diamonds kicks off drilling at Thorny River's high-grade area".] ''Mining.com''. 2022-07-18. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Phukwi a le lesome le bobedi - motabogi [[Nijel Amos|Nigel Amos]] o seegelwa kwa thoko mo mabelong a mafatshefatshe morago ga gore maduo a tlhatlhobo ya gagwe ya ditagi a boe a supa fa a na le ditagi.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/botswanas-amos-suspended-doping-ahead-world-championships-2022-07-13/ "Botswana's Amos suspended for doping ahead of World Championships".] ''Reuters''. 2022-07-13. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> === Phatwe === * Phatwe ** Setlhopha sa Caprivi se se tshwenyegileng se tsisa tautona Masisi le moeteledipele wa sesole [[Placid Segokgo]] kwa kgotlatshekelong ya mafatshefatshe mabapi le dipolao tsa banna ba kwa Namibia ba le bane kwa molelwaneng wa Botswana le Namibia.<ref>Tjitemisa, Kuzeeko (2022-08-18). [https://neweralive.na/masisi-reported-to-icc-over-nchindo-killings-4/ "Masisi reported to ICC over Nchindo killings".] ''New Era Live''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> ** Lefatshe la Botswana le emisa thekiso ya nama ka ntlha ya go tlhagoga ga bolwetse jwa tlhako le molomo.<ref>Mguni, Mbongeni (2022-10-17). [https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-10-17/botswana-resumes-beef-exports-to-eu-after-foot-and-mouth-ban "Botswana Resumes Beef Exports to EU After Foot-and-Mouth Ban".] ''Bloomberg''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Phatwe a le malatsi a mararo - lekgetho la Botswana la dithoto le fokodiwa go tswa kwa go 14% go ya kwa go 12% ka nakwana.<ref>[https://businessweekly.co.bw/columns/tax-your-pockets/of-14-12-0-vat-post-03-08-22 "Of 14%, 12% & 0% VAT post 03.08.22".] ''The Business Weekly & Review''. 2022-08-09. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> === Lwetse === * Lwetse - palamente e tlhomamisa go tlhamiwa ga lekgotla la bobegadikgang go laola bobegadikgang.<ref>Harber, Anton (2022-09-28). [https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2022-09-28-botswana-media-practitioner-act-is-a-threat-to-freedom-of-the-media/ "Botswana Media Practitioner Act is a threat to freedom of the media".] ''Daily Maverick''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Lwetse a robabongwe - molelwane wa Botswana le Namibia e nna molelwane o o butsweng.<ref>Williams, Chad. [https://iol.co.za/news/africa/2022-09-09-namibia-and-botswana-to-abolish-the-use-of-passports-between-the-two-countries/ "Namibia and Botswana to abolish the use of passports between the two countries".] ''www.iol.co.za''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> === Phalane === * Phalane - mafatshe a Botswana le Namibia a nna le tumalano ya go busiwa ga magolegwa<ref>[https://www.namibian.com.na/?page=archive-read&id=6225209 "Namibia and Botswana agree to exchange prisoners".] ''The Namibian''. 2022-10-28. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Phalane a le lesome le borobabobedi - lefatshe la Botswana le tlosa dikiletso tsa mesepele tsa batho ba ba tsayang maeto go ya mafatsheng a sele<ref>[https://www.crisis24.com/risk-alerts "Botswana: Authorities remove COVID-19 entry restrictions as of Oct. 18".] ''Crisis24''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Phalane a le masome mabedi le bone go tsena a le masome mabedi le borataro - bokopano jwa ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le bobedi jwa boeteledipele jwa bojanala mo Aforika bo tshwarelwa mo Gaborone.<ref>Obinna, Emelike (2022-11-06). [https://businessday.ng/art-and-travel/article/african-tourism-on-spotlight-at-atlf-2022/ "African tourism on spotlight at ATLF 2022".] ''BusinessDay''. Lagos, Nigeria. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Phalane a le masome mararo le motso- Kompone ya Tsodilo Resources e sekisa lephata la ditswammung, phefo e e babalesegileng le tshireletso ya kgothetso mabapi le go ntshafadiwa ga diteseletso<ref>Bulbulia, Tasneem (2022-11-07). [https://www.miningweekly.com/article/tsodilo-initiates-legal-action-against-botswana-ministry-2022-11-07 "Tsodilo initiates legal action against Botswana Ministry".] ''Mining Weekly''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> === Ngwanatsele === * Ngwanatsele a le malatsi a mararo - sefetlha motlakase sa boremelelo sa koporase ya motlakase se senyegile, mo go bakang dikgago tsa motlakase mo lefatsheng ka bophara.<ref>Mguni, Mbongeni (2022-11-04). [https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-11-04/power-cuts-hit-botswana-after-main-generation-plant-fails "Power Cuts Hit Botswana After Main Generation Plant Fails".] ''Bloomberg.com''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Ngwanatsele a le malatsi. a mane - tautona Masisi o amogela mogakolodi wa kwa [[Saudi Arabia]] Ahmed bin Abdulaziz Qattan mo Gaborone<ref>[https://www.arabnews.com/node/2193861/saudi-arabia "Saudi minister meets with President of Botswana in Gaborone".] ''Arab News''. 2022-11-04. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Ngwanatsele a le lesome le motso - kompone ya Orange S.A e simolola mafaratlhatlha a 5G mo Botswana, e le a ntlha mo Aforika.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/business/media-telecom/orange-launches-first-african-5g-network-botswana-2022-11-11/ "Orange launches first African 5G network in Botswana".] ''Reuters''. 2022-11-11. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe -  loso lwa ntlha lwa lesole la Botswana kwa Cabo Delgado.<ref>Bothoko, Pini (2022-12-02). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/botswana-records-first-combat-death/news "Botswana records first combat death".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> === Morule === * Morule - lokwalo lwa go tshwara Ian Khama le matona a mangwe a puso go bo a fitlhetswe ka ditlhobolo e se ka fa molaong lo a ntshiwa<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-64124882 "Ian Khama: Botswana issues arrest warrant for former president".] ''BBC News''. 2022-12-30. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> == Dintsho == * Firikgong a le lesome le borataro - Kathleen Nono Kgafela, a le dingwaga di le masome a supa le borobabongwe, mohumagadi wa Bakgatla<ref>Selatlhwa, Innocent (2022-01-18). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/bakgatla-queen-mother-passes-on-at-79/news "Bakgatla queen mother passes on At 79".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Firikgong a le lesome le borobabongwe - Polino Baleja, motshameki wa meropa, go ema ga pelo<ref>Kaelo, Goitsemodimo (2022-01-23). [https://www.mmegi.bw/lifestyle/showbiz-industry-pays-tribute-to-late-polino/news "Showbiz industry pays tribute to late Polino".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Tlhakole - Kgosi Maburu, a le dingwaga di le masome a mararo le boraro, seopedi; go tlhokago tsamaya sentle ga loaro lwa boboko.<ref>Kaelo, Goitsemodimo (2022-03-06). [https://www.mmegi.bw/lifestyle/remembering-the-iconic-late-mafoko/news "Remembering the iconic late Mafoko".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Mopitlo a le malatsi a mane - Tumelo Mafoko, a le dingwaga di le masome a mane le bone, seopedi * Motsheganong - Jaqualine Tebogo Khama, a le dingwaga di le masome a supa le bobedi, morwadia tautona Seretse Khama gape e le kgaitsadie tautona Ian Khama<ref>Tlhankane, Mompati (2022-05-24). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/khama-family-mourns-eldest-kin/news "Khama family mourns eldest kin". ''M'']''megi Online''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> * Motsheganong a le malatsi a mabedi - Reuben Ketlhoilwe, a le dingwaga di le masome a marataro, mokhanselara wa kgaolo ya botlhophi ya Moselewapula, bolwetse<ref>Mkhutshwa, Lesedi (2022-05-09). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/tributes-pour-in-for-ketlhoilwe/news "Tributes pour in for Ketlhoilwe".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 30 July 2026</ref> == Metswedi == pbde0bpi2k1xnl20q4g8buy2inzypaf SeShweshwe 0 14994 56562 55310 2026-10-11T15:04:11Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 56562 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Makoti Fashion materials.jpg|thumb|Matsela a sehweshwe]] === '''seShweshwe''' === ==== Tshimologo le hisetori ==== Tshimologo le hisetori ya letsela le le itsegeng thata la shweshwe. Shweshwe ke letsela la khothone le le mebalabala le le gatisitsweng le le amanang thata le feshene le setso sa [[Aforika Borwa]]. E itsege ka dipopego tsa yone tse di tlhomologileng, tsela e e dirilweng ka yone le mebala ya yone e e farologaneng. Gantsi letsela leno le dirisediwa go dira diaparo tsa setso le tsa segompieno.<ref>https://www.news24.com/life/thee-african-designers-using-shweshwe-20180218</ref> Le fa hisetori ya matsela a a gatisitsweng a indigo mo Borwa jwa Aforika e golagane le kgwebo ya boditšhabatšhaba ya matsela, shweshwe e ne ya nna le boitshupo jo bo nonofileng mo [[Aforika Borwa]]. Fa nako e ntse e tsamaya, ditšhaba tse di farologaneng di ne tsa amogela le go tsenya letsela leno mo dingwaong tsa bone tsa go apara.<ref>https://www.diocesisdesalamanca.com/?g=29408362001530</ref> ==== Kafa dipopego le mebala ya Shweshwe e ileng ya nna karolo ya feshene ya Seaforika ka teng ==== Sengwe sa dilo tse di tlhomologileng ka shweshwe ke tsela e e dirilweng ka yone. Mekgwa e e tlwaelegileng ya go taka gantsi e na le dipopego tse dinnye tse di boaboeletswang, dithunya, dipopego tsa geometry le dipopego tse dingwe tsa go kgabisa.<ref>https://nylikessk.click/product_tag/5624638_.html</ref> Matsela ano a ka bonwa ka mebala e mentsi, e e akaretsang mmala o o pududu, o o borokwa, o mohibidu, o o botala le o o serolwana. Mekgwa eno e dira gore diaparo tsa shweshwe di lebege di le dintle e bile di tlhomologile. Gape batlhami ba bone ditsela tsa go kopanya mekgabiso ya bogologolo le ya segompieno, ba dira gore letsela leno le aparwe ke batho ba dingwaga tse di farologaneng le ka dinako tse di farologaneng. Diaparo tsa setso tse di dirilweng ka letsela la shweshwe tse di dirisediwang ditiragalo tse di farologaneng Shweshwe e ka dirisiwa go dira mefuta e le mentsi ya diaparo.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://nylikessk.click/product_tag/29401252_.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2026-09-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260910204720/https://nylikessk.click/product_tag/29401252_.html |archive-date=2026-09-10 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Diaparo tsa setso le marokgwe a a dirilweng ka letsela leno gantsi di aparwa ka nako ya meletlo, manyalo, ditiragalo tsa setso le dikokoano tse dingwe tse di botlhokwa. Banna le bone ba ka apara diaparo tse di dirilweng ka shweshwe. Mokgwa wa go apara o ka nna wa farologana go ikaegile ka setšhaba, tiragalo le se motho a se ratang. Batlhami ba segompieno ba atolositse tiriso ya shweshwe ka go dira dibaki, disutu, dilwana tsa go ikgabisa le diaparo tsa segompieno.<ref>https://www.diocesisdesalamanca.com/?g=29408782081530</ref> ==== Botlhokwa jwa shweshwe mo meletlong ==== Mo go supeng gore ke mang le mo go bontsheng setso sa bone, Diaparo di ka bontsha gore motho ke wa setso sefe, mme shweshwe e setse e le karolo ya botlhokwa ya tsela eno ya go bua. Go apara diaparo tsa setso kgotsa tse di tlhotlheleditsweng ke setso go ka dira gore motho a ikutlwe a le motlotlo e bile a amana le boswa jwa gagwe. Shweshwe gape e ratiwa thata mo meletlong e e kgethegileng ka gonne mebala ya yone e e phatsimang le dipopego tsa yone di dira gore go nne le ditshwantsho tse di kgatlhang tsa moletlo. Malapa a ka tlhopha diaparo tse di tshwanang kgotsa tse di tsamaisanang fa go na le manyalo, dikokoano tsa setso le ditiragalo tse dingwe.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://nylikessk.click/product_tag/29413252_.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2026-09-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260910153912/https://nylikessk.click/product_tag/29413252_.html |archive-date=2026-09-10 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ==== Kafa batlhami ba segompieno ba tswelelang go naya Shweshwe bokao ==== Gompieno, shweshwe e sa ntse e dirisiwa ka tsela ya bogologolo le ya segompieno. Batlhami ba dirisa letsela leno ka tsela e e tlhamang mme ba sa le tlogele le na le dipopego tse di sa tshwaneng le tsa setso. Seno se letla shweshwe go nna e ntse e le botlhokwa fa e ntse e golaganya feshene ya segompieno le ngwao-boswa ya Seaforika. Shweshwe ga se fela letsela le le mebalabala.<ref>https://www.businessday.co.za/bd/life/arts-and-entertainment/2018-09-05-fabric-still-weaves-tales-of-sas-turbulent-history/</ref> E setse e le karolo e e botlhokwa ya feshene ya [[Aforika Borwa]] le go tlhalosa setso. Mekgwa ya yone, mebala ya yone le ditlwaelo tsa yone tsa go e dirisa di bontsha gore batho ba Aforika ba na le bokgoni jwa go tlhama dilo, mme tsela e e tumileng ka yone e bontsha kafa dingwao tsa setso di ka fetogang ka teng gore di tsamaisane le botshelo jwa segompieno.<ref>https://www.businessday.co.za/bd/life/2025-06-04-bombay-masala-shweshwe-and-art-deco-on-the-grey-street-casbah/</ref> [[Category: Shweshwe]] [[Category: Moaparo wa seShweshwe]] ni8ty1gnkhxu11nupi4o0q7ffw4x2hb Springboks 0 15313 56563 55752 2026-10-11T16:00:25Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 56563 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Tournoi de rugby à 7 - 20141012 - Genève - 23.jpg|thumb|Setshwantsho sa batho ba tshameka rakabi]] '''Ditshepe''' kgotsa di''Springbok'' ke setlhopha sa rakabi sa Aforikaborwa se se simolotseng ka 1891<ref name=":1">https://sahistory.org.za/article/early-history-rugby-south-africa</ref>. E ne ya fenya mo motshamekong kgatlhanong le setlhopha sa Borithane ka ona ngwaga ya 1891. Melao ya ntlha e kwadilwe ka 1845. <ref name=":1" />Boeteledipele bo dirile Kopano ya Kgwele ya Dinao ya Rakabi ka 1871. Motshameko o o atolositswe ke Mmusomogolo wa Borithane go fitlha e fitlha mo mafelong a a jaaka Aforikaborwa, Australia le New Zealand. Motshameko wa ntlha o tshamekile ke sesole sa kwa Borithane ka di 13 Phatwe 1862 kwa Kapa kwa Green Point. <ref>https://sahistory.org.za/article/early-history-rugby-south-africa</ref> Motshameko wa ntlha wa Springboks o nnile ka 1891 kgatlhanong le setlhopha sa Borithane<ref>https://sahistory.org.za/dated-event/first-rugby-match-played-sa</ref>. Ka 1906 go fitlha 1907 setlhopha se se tsamaile Borithane mme e ne ya fenya sekgele sa Grand Slam ka 1912 go fitlha 1913 kwa Yuropa. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://sarugbystats.co.za/grand-slam-tours/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2026-09-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260928125558/https://sarugbystats.co.za/grand-slam-tours/ |archive-date=2026-09-28 |url-status=dead}}</ref>Ka nako ya tlhaolele go ne go na le kgethololo, ke ka ntlha ya se setlhopha se ne sa thibelwa go tshameka mo Sekgeleng sa Lefatshe sa Rakabi ka 1987 le 1991.<ref>https://sahistory.org.za/article/international-rugby-world-cup-timeline-1983-2011</ref> Morago ga kgololosego, se ne sa tshameka sa ntlha ka 1995<ref>https://www.history.com/articles/nelson-mandela-1995-rugby-world-cup-south-african-unity</ref> mme ya fenya ka 2007, 2019 le 2023.<ref>https://www.facebook.com/hakanjuholt/posts/south-africa-world-champions-in-rugbyhistory-in-the-making-the-springboks-is-the/880372270119032/ </ref> DITSHUPETSO <references responsive /> [[Karolo:METSHAMEKO]] dkunbzr1584xpkr08xezes9s1l987sh Puo ya SeVenda 0 15349 56561 55985 2026-10-11T14:26:47Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 56561 wikitext text/x-wiki ==  '''Puo ya SeVenda''' == Venḓa kgotsa Tshivenḓa ke puo ya Bantu e bile ke puo ya semmuso ya [[Aforika Borwa]] le [[Zimbabwe]]. E buiwa thata ke batho ba Venda (kgotsa Vhavenḓa) kwa karolong e e kwa bokone ya porofense ya Limpopo ya Aforika Borwa, mmogo le ke batho bangwe ba Lemba mo [[Aforika Borwa]]. Puo ya Tshivenda e amana le Shona (Karanga le Kalanga) e e buiwang mo Borwa jwa Aforika. Ka nako ya puso ya tlhaolele ya Aforika Borwa, Bantustan ya Venda e ne ya tlhongwa go akaretsa batho ba ba buang SeVenda ba Aforika Borwa.<ref>https://www.heraldonline.co.zw/public-service-commission-psc-equips-civil-servants-with-venda-language-skills/</ref> Go ya ka palo ya batho ya ngwaga wa 2011, batho ba ba buang SeVenda ba fitlhelwa mo mafelong a a latelang: Makhado Local Municipality, e na le batho ba le 350 000; Thulamela Local Municipality, e na le batho ba le 370 000; Musina Local Municipality, e na le batho ba le 35 000; le Mutale Local Municipality, e na le batho ba le 89 000. Palogotlhe ya batho ba ba buang puo eno mo kgaolong ya Vhembe gone jaanong ke ba le 844 000. Kwa porofenseng ya Gauteng, go na le batho ba le 275 000 ba ba buang SeVenda. Palo e e kwa tlase ga 10 000 e aname go ralala naga yotlhe - mo palong ya batho ba ba buang SeVenda mo Aforika Borwa ba le dimilione di le 1,2 kgotsa 2,2% fela ya baagi ba [[Aforika Borwa]], e leng se se dirang gore SeVenda e nne puo ya bobedi e nnye go di feta tsotlhe mo [[Aforika Borwa]], morago ga puo ya SeNdebele, e e nang le batho ba le dimilione di le 1,1. Dipalopalo tsa baagi ba Ba-Venda ba kwa Zimbabwe ga di a tlhomama mme gone jaanong di ka tswa di le milione. Batho ba teng ba kwa borwa jwa naga eno mme gape ba aname le kwa ditoropong tse dingwe. Gape go na le palo e e botlhokwa ya bone mo Aforika Borwa e e bapileng le yone koo e leng badiri ba bafaladi.<ref>https://www.univen.ac.za/bridging-cultures-and-advancing-sustainability-as-univen-gtci-celebrates-chinese-language-graduates/</ref> == Mokgwa wa go kwala == Puo ya Se-Venda e dirisa mokwalo wa Selatine o o nang le ditlhaka tse dingwe tse tlhano tse di gatelelwang. Go na le ditumammogo di le nne tsa meno tse di nang le segalo sa circumflex ka fa tlase ga tlhaka (ḓ, ḽ, ṋ, ṱ) le mokgokgontsho wa velar ṅ. Go dirisiwa ditumanosi di le tlhano go kwala ditumanosi di le supa. Ditlhaka C, J le Q di dirisiwa fela fa go buiwa ka mafoko le maina a a tswang kwa dinageng di sele.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.univen.ac.za/news/univen-awarded-the-plaque-to-establish-the-university-of-venda-green-technology-confucius-institute-by-the-chinese-international-education-foundation/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2026-09-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260512033932/https://www.univen.ac.za/news/univen-awarded-the-plaque-to-establish-the-university-of-venda-green-technology-confucius-institute-by-the-chinese-international-education-foundation/ |archive-date=2026-05-12 |url-status=dead}}</ref> {| cellpadding="4" style="font-size:larger; text-align:center;" summary="Thirty-one letters of the Venda alphabet, capital and small" |+ style="font-size:smaller;" |The Venda alphabet |A a |B b |(C c) |D d |Ḓ ḓ |E e |F f |G g | |- |H h |I i |(J j) |K k |L l |Ḽ ḽ |M m |N n | |- |Ṋ ṋ |Ṅ ṅ |O o |P p |(Q q) |R r |S s |T t | |- |Ṱ ṱ |U u |V v |W w |X x |Y y |Z z | |} {| class="wikitable" !letter(s) !value(s) in IPA !notes |- |'''a''' |[a], [ɔ] | |- |'''b''' |[b] | |- |bv |[b̪v] | |- |bw |[bɣʷ] or [bj] |Varies by dialect |- |'''d''' |[d] | |- |dz |[d͡z] | |- |dzh |[d͡ʒ] |Similar to English "j" |- |dzw |[d͡zʷ] | |- |'''ḓ''' |[d̪] | |- |'''e''' |[ɛ], [e] | |- |'''f''' |[f] | |- |fh |[ɸ] | |- |'''g''' |[ɡ] | |- |'''h''' |[ɦ], [h] |Pronounced [h] before ''e''. |- |hw |[ɣʷ], [hʷ] | |- |'''i''' |[i] | |- |'''j''' |[j] |In the word '''Jerusalema''' |- |'''k''' |[kʼ] | |- |kh |[kʰ] | |- |khw |[kʷʰ] | |- |'''l''' |[ɺ] ~ [l] |Heard as [l] in free variation. |- |'''ḽ''' |[l̪] | |- |'''m''' |[m], [m̩] |''M'' is syllabic [m̩], when the following syllable begins with ''m''. |- |'''n''' |[n], [n̩] |''N'' is syllabic when the following syllable begins with ''n''. |- |ng |[ŋɡ] | |- |ny |[ɲ] | |- |nz |[nd͡z] | |- |'''ṋ''' |[n̪] | |- |'''ṅ''' |[ŋ] | |- |ṅw |[ŋʷ] | |- |'''o''' |[ɔ], [o] | |- |'''p''' |[pʼ] | |- |ph |[pʰ] | |- |pf |[p̪f] | |- |pfh |[p̪fʰ] | |- |'''r''' |[ɾ] | |- |'''s''' |[s] | |- |sh |[ʃ] | |- |sw |[ʂ] | |- |'''t''' |[tʼ] | |- |th |[tʰ] | |- |ths |[t͡sʰ] | |- |thsh |[t͡ʃʰ] | |- |ts |[t͡sʼ] | |- |tsh |[t͡ʃʼ] | |- |tsw |[t͡sʷ] | |- |ty |[c] | |- |'''ṱ''' |[t̪ʼ] | |- |ṱh |[t̪ʰ] | |- |'''u''' |[u] | |- |'''v''' |[v] | |- |vh |[β] | |- |'''w''' |[w] | |- |'''x''' |[x] |Similar to the ''ch'' in Scottish ''loch''. |- |xw |[xʷ] | |- |'''y''' |[j] | |- |'''z''' |[z] | |- |zh |[ʒ] | |- |zw |[ʐ] | |} === Unicode === Ditlhaka tse di oketsegileng di na le maina a a latelang a Unicode: * Ḓ U+1E12 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D WITH CIRCUMFLEX BELOW * ḓ U+1E13 LATIN SMALL LETTER D WITH CIRCUMFLEX BELOW * Ḽ U+1E3C LATIN CAPITAL LETTER L WITH CIRCUMFLEX BELOW * ḽ U+1E3D LATIN SMALL LETTER L WITH CIRCUMFLEX BELOW * Ṅ U+1E44 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N WITH DOT ABOVE * ṅ U+1E45 LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH DOT ABOVE * Ṋ U+1E4A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N WITH CIRCUMFLEX BELOW * ṋ U+1E4B LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH CIRCUMFLEX BELOW * Ṱ U+1E70 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER T WITH CIRCUMFLEX BELOW * ṱ U+1E71 LATIN SMALL LETTER T WITH CIRCUMFLEX BELOW === Luṱhofunḓeraru lwa Mibvumo === Mokgwa wa go kwala wa Sintu wa Isibheqe Sohlamvu/Ditema tsa Dinoko, o o itsegeng jaaka Luṱhofunḓeraru lwa Mibvumo, le one o dirisiwa mo puong ya SeVenda. {| class="wikitable" !''ṱala'' "break up" | [[Setshwantsho:Ṱala.jpg|none|thumb|[t̪ʼaːɽa]]] !''tala'' "draw" | [[Setshwantsho:Tala2.jpg|none|thumb|[tʼaːɽa]]] |- |} == Diteng tsa mantswe == SeVenda se farologanya ṱ, ṱh, ḓ, ṋ, ḽ ya leino le t, th, d, n, l ya alveolar mmogo le (jaaka mo puong ya Se-Ewe) labiodental f, v go tswa go bilabial fh, vh (tse pedi tsa bofelo di kgolokwe go le gonnye). Ga go na modumo ope. Jaaka mo dipuong tse dingwe tsa Aforika Borwa jaaka Sezulu, ph, ṱh, th, kh di a tlhokwa mme "plain" e ema p, ṱ, t, le k di a ntshiwa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.univen.ac.za/news/mannya-says-indigenous-languages-african-heritage/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2026-09-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260616031845/https://www.univen.ac.za/news/mannya-says-indigenous-languages-african-heritage/ |archive-date=2026-06-16 |url-status=dead}}</ref> === Ditumammogo === Go na le medumo e le metlhano ya ditumanosi mo Tshivenḓa.<ref>https://www.zoutnet.co.za/articles/news/9171/2011-06-03/venda-text-books-for-beit-bridgeas-schools</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! !Front !Back |- !Close |i |u |- !Mid |ɛ |ɔ |- !Open | colspan="2" |a |} === Ditumammogo === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | ! colspan="3" |Bilabial ! rowspan="2" |Labio-<nowiki><br id="mwAnA"></nowiki><nowiki><br></nowiki> dental ! rowspan="2" |Dental ! colspan="4" |Alveolar ! rowspan="2" |Palatal<br /><br />{{Nowrap|(-[[Postalveolar consonant|alveolar]])}} ! colspan="2" |Velar ! rowspan="2" |Glottal |- !<small>plain</small> !<small>lab.</small> !<small>pal.</small> !<small>plain</small> !<small>sib.</small> !<small>lab.</small> !<small>pal.</small> !<small>plain</small> !<small>lab.</small> |- ! colspan="2" |Nasal |m | |mʲ |(ɱ) |n̪ |n | | | |ɲ |ŋ |ŋʷ | |- ! rowspan="3" |Plosive/<br /><br />Affricate !<small>ejective</small> |pʼ |pʷʼ |pʲʼ |p̪fʼ |t̪ʼ |tʼ |tsʼ |tsʷʼ |tʲʼ |tʃʼ |kʼ | | |- !<small>aspirated</small> |pʰ |pʷʰ |pʲʰ |p̪fʰ |t̪ʰ |tʰ |tsʰ |tsʷʰ | |tʃʰ |kʰ | | |- !<small>voiced</small> |b |bʷ |bʲ |b̪v |d̪ |d |dz |dzʷ |dʲ |dʒ |ɡ | | |- ! rowspan="2" |Fricative !<small>voiceless</small> |ɸ | | |f | | |s |sʷ | |ʃ |x | |h |- !<small>voiced</small> |β | | |v | | |z |zʷ | |ʒ | | | |- ! colspan="2" |Approximant | | | | |l̪ |(l) | | | |j | |w | |- ! rowspan="2" |Rhotic !<small>trill</small> | | | | | |r | | | | | | | |- !<small>flap</small> | | | | | |ɺ | | | | | | | |} Modumo wa labiodental nasal /ɱ/ o tlhagelela mo medumong ya ditumammogo tse di fetogileng. gantsi e utlwala jaaka allophone ya / ka go farologana ga mahala le mo mafokong a a adimilweng. Mantswe a labiovelar a tlhagelela jaaka a mangwe a mantswe a labiopalatal mme gape a ka nna a bidiwa /pkh pkʼ bɡ mŋ/.Fortification ya / β s ʃ x h l̪ r w/ e diragala morago ga di-prefix tsa nko, go ka direga gore [ph? b tsh tsh tsh? ph d̪ d d b].<ref>https://iol.co.za/lifestyle/style-beauty/fashion/2024-09-27-exploring-the-ceremonies-cuisine-at-the-heart-of-venda-culture-heritage-month/</ref> === Modumo === SeVenda se na le modumo o o rileng, o o kwa godimo, mme ditumammogo tse di sa tshwaiwang di na le modumo o o kwa tlase. <ref>https://www.parliament.gov.za/news/venda-poet-praise-president-ramaphosa-when-he-addresses-parliament</ref>Modumo o o kwa tlase wa medumo ya mantswe o tlhagelela fela fa go na le ditumanosi tse di fetang e le nngwe kgotsa fa mokwalo wa konokono o le moleele. Mekgwa ya medumo e teng kwantle ga medumo le ditumanosi tsa lefoko mme ka jalo ke medumo ya mafoko.<ref>https://unu.edu/news/path-venda-interview-unu-rector-tshilidzi-marwala</ref> Modumo wa Se-Venda le one o latela molao wa ga Meeussen: fa lefoko le le simololang ka modumo o o kwa godimo le na le modumo o o kwa godimo pele ga lone, modumo o o kwa godimo wa kwa tshimologong o a nyelela. (Ke gore, ga go kake ga nna le ditone tse pedi tse di kwa godimo tse di bapileng mo lefokong, mme ditone tse di kwa godimo di anamisiwa ka tsela ya di-allophonic go ya go modumo o o kwa tlase o o latelang.)<ref>https://www.heraldonline.co.zw/psc-rolls-out-venda-language-orientation-in-matabeleland-south/</ref> Go na le dipopego di le mmalwa tsa medumo mo mafokong a Se-Venda (ga go na medumo, modumo o le mongwe o o kwa godimo mo ditumong dingwe, medumo e mebedi e e kwa godimo e e sa bapeng), e e itshwarang jaana: {| class="wikitable" !Word !Pattern !After L !After H !Notes |- !thamana |–.–.– |thàmà:nà |thámâ:nà |Unmarked (low) tone is raised after a high tone. That is, the preceding tone spreads. |- !dukana |–.–.H |dùkà:ná |dúkâ:ná |A preceding high tone spreads but drops before the final high tone. |- !danana |–.H.– |dàná:nà |dánâ:nà | rowspan="2" |The pitch peaks on the tonic syllable, and a preceding non-adjacent high tone merges into it. |- !phaphama |–.H.– |phàphá:ná |pháphâ:nà |- !madzhie |H.– |má:dzhíè |mâ:dzhìè | rowspan="3" |Initial high tone spreads. With an immediately preceding high tone, that initial tone is lost.<br /><br />(The preceding tone also spreads but not as far.) |- !dakalo |H.–.– |dáká:lò |dákà:lò |- !khokhola |H.–.H |khókhô:lá |khókhò:lá |} == Metswedi == <references /> == Metswedi == * {{Cite book |last=Poulos |first=George |date=1990 |title=A Linguistic Analysis of Venda |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=en0OAAAAYAAJ |publisher=Via Afrika}} == Metswedi ya kwa ntle == [[Karolo:Puo ya SeVenda]] h32jnj83z1yykrj9ihsh1160rhlprm9 Mouna Traoré 0 15505 56558 56293 2026-10-11T12:08:19Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 56558 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Mouna Traoré | image = Mouna Traoré.jpg | caption = Traore ka 2016 | birth_date = Motsheganong 4, 1995 | birth_place = [[Toronto]],[[Ontario]],Canada | nationality = | occupation = Motshameki wa difilimi, Motlhami wa difilimi | known_for = | years_active = 2009-le jaana }} '''Mouna Traoré''' (o tshotswe ka Motsheganong 4, 1995) ke motshameki wa difilimi le motlhami wa difilimi wa kwa Canada. O itsege ka go tshameka mo mananeong a thelebišene a a farologaneng, jaaka [[Rookie Blue]] ya [[Global TV]] (2012), [[Murdoch Mysteries]] ya CBC (2015-2018), le [[The Umbrella Academy|The Umbrella Academy ]] ya Netflix (2020). Tiro ya gagwe ya difilimi e akaretsa difilimi tsa 2017 tsa The Drop In, tse di neng di bontshiwa kwa [[Toronto International Film Festival]], le [[Brown Girl Begins]], e e neng e tsamaisiwa ke Sharon Lewis. == Botshelo jwa gagwe jwa pele == Traore o tsholetswe le go golela kwa [[Toronto]], Canada. Mmaagwe o tswa kwa Haiti mme rraagwe o tswa kwa Mali.<ref>Smith, Gabrielle (May 15, 2018). [http://atthemoviesonline.com/index.php/spotlight/2018/05/15/canadian-actress-mouna-traore-co-stars-on-new-american-series/ "CANADIAN ACTRESS MOUNA TRAORÉ CO-STARS ON NEW AMERICAN SERIES"]. Retrieved January 20, 2021.</ref> == Tiro == Traoré o simolotse go tshameka a sa le monnye. O ne a tsenela dithuto kwa [[Young people's Theatre]]. Moragonyana o ne a aloga kwa [[Etobicoke School of the Arts]]<ref>[http://www.theupperech.com/2016/04/26/feature-mouna-traore-success-thoughts-brown-girl-movement/ "FEATURE: Mouna Traore On Success & Her Thoughts On The Brown Girl Movement"]. TheUpperEch. April 26, 2016. Retrieved September 30, 2016</ref>, mme a fetsa setankana se segolwane sa bodiragatsi le maranyane kwa [[University of Toronto]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180218150611/http://www.wearemovingstories.com/we-are-moving-stories-videos/2016/5/22/cannes-short-film-corner-adorn "CANNES SHORT FILM CORNER - Adorn"]. wearemovingstories.com. Retrieved September 30, 2016</ref> Ka 2017, Traoré o ne a tshameka mo filiming e khutshwane e e bidiwang [[The Drop In]], e e neng ya bontshiwa la ntlha kwa [[Toronto International Film Festival]].<ref>"[https://www.tiff.net/tiff/the-drop-in/ The Drop In"]. www.tiff.net. Retrieved February 15, 2018.</ref> <ref>Wilson Morales, "[https://www.blackfilm.com/read/2017/08/tiff-2017-preview-naledi-jacksons-short-film-the-drop-in/ TIFF 2017 Preview: Naledi Jackson’s Short Film ‘The Drop In’"]. Blackfilm, August 31, 2017.</ref>O eteletse pele filimi jaaka Joelle, moroki wa moriri kwa [[Black Canadian]] hair salon yo o lebagane le kgwetlho e e sa solofelwang fa Grace ([[Oluniké Adeliyi]]), mosadi yo a mo itseng mo botshelong jwa gagwe jwa pele, a wela ka fa ntle ka ntlha ya go beola moriri, mme tota ka mabaka a a bofitlha a a amanang le maemo a boagi jwa ga Joelle. Filimi e ne ya tlhophiwa mo dikgaisanong tsa TIFF's tsa ngwaga o hela tsa difilimi tse di khutshwane tse di gaisitseng tsa ka Sedimonthole wa 2017.<ref>Regan Reid, [https://playbackonline.ca/2017/12/06/what-made-tiffs-top-10-canadian-movies-of-2017/ "What made TIFF’s top-10 Canadian movies of 2017?"]. Playback, December 6, 2017.</ref> Gape ka ngwaga oo, o ne a tshameka mo filiming ya Afro-futurist e e bidiwang [[Brown Girl Begins]],<ref>[https://ago.ca/events/brown-girl-begins "Brown Girl Begins | Art Gallery of Ontario"]. Art Gallery of Ontario. Retrieved February 15, 2018</ref>a bapile le [[Emmanuel Kabongo]].<ref>[http://www.cbc.ca/news/entertainment/black-panther-sci-fi-diversity-1.4528305 "'We are ready. We've been ready:' Black Panther ushers in a new wave of black sci-fi"]. CBC News. Retrieved February 15, 2018.</ref>Filimi e ne ya gololwa kwa mafelong a bobogelo ka 2018 mme ya bontshiwa kwa meletlong e le mmalwa ya difilimi.<ref>[http://montrealblackfilm.com/en/movie/brown-girls-begin-2/ "BROWN GIRLS BEGIN | Festival International du Film black de Montréal"]. montrealblackfilm.com. Retrieved February 15, 2018.</ref><ref>[http://www.cbc.ca/arts/exhibitionists/in-dystopian-science-fiction-one-thing-is-clear-it-doesn-t-end-well-for-women-or-people-of-colour-1.4521032 "In dystopian science fiction, one thing is clear: it doesn't end well for women or people of colour | CBC Arts"]. CBC. Retrieved February 15, 2018.</ref> Traoré o tlhageletse mo mananeong a thelebišene a feta lesome le bobedi, a simolola ka go boeletsa karolo ya gagwe mo mananeong a thelebišene a bana a [[Teletoon]], [[Majority Rules]]!. Dikarolo tsa gagwe tsa thelebišene tse di itsegeng di akaretsa Crystal Markes mo Rookie Blue ya Global TV ya 2012<ref>[http://www.celebdirtylaundry.com/2012/rookie-blue-recap-season-3-episode-3-a-good-shoot-6712/ "Rookie Blue Recap: Season 3 Episode 3 'A Good Shoot' 6/7/12 | Celeb Dirty Laundry"]. www.celebdirtylaundry.com. June 7, 2012. Retrieved September 30, 2016</ref>, le Rebecca James mo CBC's long-running detective series [[Murdoch Mysteries]] (2015 2018).<ref>[http://www.cbc.ca/murdochmysteries/m_cast/mouna-traore "Mouna Traoré - Cast - Murdoch Mysteries"]. cbc.ca. Retrieved September 30, 2016.</ref>O ne a dira diteko makgetlo a le mmalwa go tsaya karolo mo Murdoch Mysteries, pele ga a bona karolo e e boaboelelang mo motseletseleng ono.<ref>[http://www.tv-eh.com/2015/11/15/murdoch-mysteries-new-kid-on-the-block-mouna-traore/ "Murdoch Mysteries' new kid on the block: Mouna Traoré"]. tv-eh.com. November 15, 2015. Retrieved September 30, 2016</ref> Ka 2020, o ne a tshameka mo motseletseleng wa Netflix wa Self Made jaaka Esther,<ref>[https://www.radiotimes.com/news/on-demand/2020-03-13/netflix-drama-self-made-cast/ Meet the cast of Netflix drama 'Self Made: Inspired by the Life of Madam CJ Walker'"]. Radio Times. Retrieved December 15, 2020</ref> le The Umbrella Academy jaaka Jill.<ref>Jones, Zoe Christen. [https://www.forbes.com/sites/zoechristenjones/2020/08/31/umbrella-academys-mouna-traor-is-ready-for-the-next-big-thing/ "Umbrella Academy's Mouna Traoré Is Ready for the Next Big Thing"]. Forbes. Retrieved December 15, 2020.</ref> ===== Tiro e nngwe ===== Traoré ke mothei-mmogo wa khamphani ya go dira difilimi, The Mini Films, e a e dirisitseng go kwala le go dira difilimi tse pedi tse dikhutshwane. Filimi ya gagwe e khutshwane ya 2015, Adorn, e fentse sekgele sa Best Narrative Short kwa [[Montreal International Black Film Festival]]. <ref>[https://www.neverapart.com/events/revisiting-cc-x-ciinema/ "Revisiting CC x CIINEMA"]. Never Apart. Retrieved December 15, 2020</ref> == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] b4tkvcv3hpij6fdulr0zz3rqpugk1rc Nii Amaa Ollennu 0 15581 56560 56500 2026-10-11T12:39:31Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 56560 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Nii Amaa Ollennu|image=RNAOllennu.png|caption=Olennu ka dingwaga tsa 1940 go tsena 1950|office=Tautona wa lefatshe la Ghana|office1=Motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente ya Ghana|office2=Molaodi wa kgotlatshekelo kgolo ya Ghana|term_start=Phatwe a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa 1970|term_end=Phatwe a le masome mararo le motso ngwaga wa 1970|term_start1=Phalane a rogwa ngwaga wa 1969|term_end1=Firikgong a le lesome le bobedi ngwaga wa 1972|term_start2=Lwetse a rogwa ngwaga wa 1962|term_end2=Ngwaga wa 1966|primeminister=Dr. K.A Busia|predecessor=A.A Afrifa|predecessor1=[[Kofi Asante Ofori-Atta]]|successor=[[Edward Akufo-Addo]]|successor1=Jacob Hackenburg Griffiths-Randolph|appointer2=[[kwame Nkrumah]]|president2=[[Kwame Nkrumah]]|birth_date=Motsheganong a le masome mabei le motso ngwaga wa 1906|birth_place=Accra, Gold Coast|death_date=Morule a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa 1986|party=ntlhopheng o o ikemetseng|spouse=Emily Jiagge Charlotte Amy Sawyer Nana Afua Frema|children=[[Amerley Ollennu]]|education=Accra High School Presbyterian Training College Middle Temple|profession=Mmueledi, molaodi}} '''Raphael Nii Amaa Ollennu''' JSC FGA ( o o tshotsweng ka Motsheganong a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe le borataro a tlhokafala ka Morule a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabobedi le borataro)<ref>[http://rulers.org/rulg1.html#ghana "Rulers - Ghana".] ''List of heads of state and heads of Government''. Rulers.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070403074857/http://www.rulers.org/rulg1.html Archived] from the original on 3 April 2007. Retrieved 8 October 2026</ref> e ne e le moatlhodi wa kwa Ghana o o berekileng e le molaodi wa kgotlatshekelo kgolo ya Ghana go tswa ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le bobedi go tsena ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le borataro. O berekile ka nakwana e le tautona o o tshwareletseng wa lefatshe la Ghana ka nako ya republic ya bobedi ya Ghana ka Phatwe ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le e le motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente ya Ghana go tswa ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le borobabongwe go tsena ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le bobedi. == Botshelo jwa a le mmotlana le thuto == Olennu o tsholetswe kwa Labadi,Accra, Gold Coast ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe le borataro e le wa morafe wa Ga.<ref name=":1">Lentz, Harris M. (4 February 2014). [https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=D6HKAgAAQBAJ&q=Edward+Akufo-Addo+born&pg=PA317&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Edward%20Akufo-Addo%20born&f=false ''Heads of States and Governments Since 1945''.] Routledge. p.&nbsp;317. ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-134-26490-2|978-1-134-26490-2]]</bdi>. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170914134351/https://books.google.com/books?id=D6HKAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA317&dq=Edward+Akufo-Addo+born&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y Archived] from the original on 14 September 2017.</ref> Batsadi ba gagwe e ne e le Wilfred Kuma Ollennu le Salomey Anerkai Mandin Abbey.<ref>[https://www.myheritage.com/names/nii_ollennu "Nii Ollennu - Historical records and family trees - MyHeritage".] ''MyHeritage''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180205001046/https://www.myheritage.com/names/nii_ollennu Archived] from the original on 5 February 2018. Retrieved 8 October 2026</ref> Ollennu o tsene sekolo sa legare se go robalwang kwa go sone sa Salem School kwa Osu.<ref name=":2">[https://web.archive.org/web/20170329141604/http://osusalem.org/pages/aboutus.php?parentpage=aboutus&page=history "Osu Salem"]. ''osusalem''. Archived from [http://osusalem.org/pages/aboutus.php?parentpage=aboutus&page=history the original] on 29 March 2017. Retrieved 8 October 2026</ref> O tsene sekoloa se segolwane kwa Accra High School.<ref>[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=_xJ4R0t9G3oC&q=Ollenu+Nii+Amaa+wilfred&redir_esc=y ''The International Who's Who 1983-84''.] Europa publications. 1983. p.&nbsp;1026. ISBN&nbsp;[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780905118864|<bdi>9780905118864</bdi>.]]</ref> Bontlha jwa thuto ya gagwe ya pele ke kwa Presbyterian Training College kwa Akropong kwa botlhaba jwa Ghana, kwa a neng a ithutela boruti le mekgwa ya go ruta.<ref name=":3">Dr. Kwame Okoampa-Ahoofe, Jr (31 August 2006). [https://www.modernghana.com/ghanahome/news/news_details.asp?id=VFZSQmVVNVVTWGs9&menu_id=4&sub_menu_id=386&menu_id2=0&gender=Feature_Article "When Dancers play Historians and Thinkers - Part 10".] ''Feature Article''. Modern Ghana Homepage. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927190846/http://www.warc.ch/where/ugc/02.html Archived] from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 8 October 2026</ref> O ne a ya England fo ithuta molao kwa Middle Temple, London, o ne a aloga ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a mane morago ga go tsaya dikgwedi di le lesome le borobabobedi go fetsa thuto ya dingwaga tse thara a pasa ka maduo a mantle thata mme a lemogiwa ke khansele ya ga mmamosadinyana.<ref name=":4">[https://www.uidaho.edu/law/news-events "Destined to be a Lawyer – College of Law – University of Idaho".] ''uidaho education''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170629073009/http://www.uidaho.edu/law/news/features/2015/nii-amaa-ollennu Archived] from the original on 29 June 2017. Retrieved 8 October 2026</ref> == Tiro ya molao == Motho wa ntlha mo lolwapeng lwa gagwe go nna mmueledi, o ne a kwadisitswe ka leina la Raphael Nii Amaa Ollennu kwa Gold Coast (kwa e leng Ghana gompieno) ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a mane.<ref name=":4" /><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20050414064831/http://www.judicial.gov.gh/history/list_lawyers/home.htm "Lawyers Enrolled in the Roll Books (1876 – 1997)".] Judicial Service of Ghana. Archived from [https://www.judicial.gov.gh/history/list_lawyers/home.htm the original] on 14 April 2005. Retrieved 8 October 2026</ref>Morago o ne a moatlhodi ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a matlhano le botlhano, a tlhatloga le maemo a metheo ya melao ya kwa Ghana go nna moatlhodi wa kgotlatshekelo kgolo, ka Lwetse a rogwa ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le bobedi, a tlhatloga go molaodi wa kgotlatshekelo e tona thata kwa Ghana.<ref name=":4" /><ref>Archives, The National. "[https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C10136878 The Discovery Service"]. ''Discovery Nationalarchives United Kingdom''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180909175622/http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C10136878 Archived] from the original on 9 September 2018. Retrieved 8 October 2026</ref> O gatisitse dibuka tsa dintlha tse dintsi tsa molao gape e ne e le tona mo tsamaisong ya kabo ditsha ga tlwaelesego. E ne e le moporofesa wa tlotla wa molao kwa University of Ghana.<ref>Turpin, C. C. (November 1963). [https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/cambridge-law-journal/article/abs/principles-of-customary-land-law-in-ghana-by-the-hon-mr-justice-n-a-ollennu-judge-of-the-high-court-of-ghana-honorary-professor-of-law-in-the-university-of-ghana-number-2-in-the-law-in-africa-series-london-sweet-maxwell-ltd1962-xxvi-164-and-appendix-and-index-108-pp-10s-net/68564EC52CECE665CFDE21E98E964774 "Principles of Customary Land Law in Ghana. By the Hon. Mr. Justice N. A. Ollennu, Judge of the High Court of Ghana, Honorary Professor of Law in the University of Ghana. Number 2 in the Law in Africa Series. &#x5B;London: Sweet & Maxwell, Ltd.1962. xxvi, 164 and (appendix and index) 108 pp. £ 10s. net.&#x5D;".] ''The Cambridge Law Journal''. '''21''' (2): 321–323. doi:[https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/cambridge-law-journal/article/abs/principles-of-customary-land-law-in-ghana-by-the-hon-mr-justice-n-a-ollennu-judge-of-the-high-court-of-ghana-honorary-professor-of-law-in-the-university-of-ghana-number-2-in-the-law-in-africa-series-london-sweet-maxwell-ltd1962-xxvi-164-and-appendix-and-index-108-pp-10s-net/68564EC52CECE665CFDE21E98E964774 10.1017/S0008197300087493]. ISSN&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:1469-2139 1469-2139.]</ref> O ne a na le seabe gape le General Council of the World Alliance of Reformed Churches.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070927190846/http://www.warc.ch/where/ugc/02.html "Proceedings".] ''The official record of the 20th general council of the World Alliance of Reformed Churches and the 11th assembly of the International Congregational Council held in Nairobi, Kenya, during the period 20–30 August 1970''. The World Alliance of Reformed Churches. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 8 October 2026. <q>Dr Pradervand announced that greetings had been received, through the high commissioner of Ghana, from the Hon Justice Nii Amaa Ollennu, who was unable to attend the council because of his responsibilities in the Ghanaian government.</q></ref> O berekile e le tautona wa Ghana Academy of Arts and Sciences go tswa ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le borobabongwe go tsena ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le bobedi.<ref>[https://gaas-gh.org/fellowship/past-presidents/ "Past Presidents".] [https://web.archive.org/web/20180903150744/http://gaas-gh.org/fellowship/past-presidents/ Archived] from the original on 3 September 2018. Retrieved 8 October 2026</ref> == Polotiki == Nii Amaa Ollennu e ne e le mongwe wa baemedi ba Accra kwa khuduthamageng ya molao ka dingwaga tsa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a matlhano.<ref name=":3" /> Ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a matlhano, o ne a tlhama National Democratic Party, a nna moeteledipele wa yone. Kwa ditlhophong tsa molao kwa Gold Coast ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a matlhano le motso, phathi e ne ya retelelwa ke go fenya ditilo dipe, ngwaga o o latelang o ne a etelela pele go kopana le Ghana Congress Party.<ref>"Elections in the Gold Coast". ''Manchester Guardian''. 30 January 1951.</ref><ref>"The Gold Coast on trial: parties and personalities of the new order". ''The Times''. 4 June 1951</ref><ref>"Policy of new Gold Coast party". ''The Times''. 6 May 1952.</ref> Olennu ka jalo o ne a le mo kganetsong a na le Busia le Danquah ba le kgatlhanong le phathi ya ga Nkruma ya Convention People's Party. === Tautona wa nakwana wa Ghana === Ka republic ya bobedi, Ollennu e ne e le motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente ya Ghana go tswa kwa Phalane ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a marataro le borobabongwe go tsena Firikgong ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le bobedi. O ne a nna tautona wa nakwana wa lefatshe la Ghana ka Firikgong a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa. E ne e le modulasetilo wa komiti ya ga tautona. O ne a tlhatlhama moeteledipele Lt. General Afrifa mme a neela Edward Akufo-Addo ka Phatwe a le masome mararo le motso ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa, o a neng a tlhophilwe ka Phatwe a le masome mararo le motso ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230510193223/https://www.ghanaweb.com/education/frencheducationgh/Meet-The-Only-Ghanaian-President-Who-Was-in-Power-for-24-Days-3335 "Meet The Only Ghanaian President Who Was in Power for 24 Days".] ''GhanaWeb''. 1 January 1970. Archived from [https://www.ghanaweb.com/education/frencheducationgh/Meet-The-Only-Ghanaian-President-Who-Was-in-Power-for-24-Days-3335 the original] on 10 May 2023. Retrieved 8 October 2026</ref> O ne a fenya ka ditalama di le lekgolo le masome a mabedi le boraro fa di tshwantshanngwa le tsa ga Edward Asafu Adjaye tse di masome a mararo le botlhano. Se e ne e le maemo a botautona jwa leina fela ka maatla otlhe a puso a ne a tshwerwe ke tonakgolo , [[Kofi Abrefa Busia]]. Ka Republic ya bobedi ya Ghana, Ollennu o ne a bereka e le motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente ya Ghana. == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Nii Amaa Ollennu o nyetse gane.<ref>[https://www.ghanaweb.com/person/Nii-Amaa-Ollennu-4201 "Nii Amaa Ollennu, Biography".] ''GhanaWeb''. Retrieved 8 October 2026</ref> Mosadi wa gagwe wa ntlha e ne e le Emily Jiagge wa kwa keta kwa kgaolong ya Volta o rraagwemogolo e neng e le Togbui Tamakloe, kgosi wa morafe wa Uti. O ne a nna le bana ba le babedi le ene: Amerley Ollennu le Boni-Ashitey Ollennu, mmueledi kwa London. O ne a nyala Charlote Amy Sawyer (o a neng a fana ka Mettle pele ga lonyalo), morwadie moruti John Josiah mettle le Mrs Marian Anohuma Mettle (o a neng a dirisa sefane sa Harvey pele ga lonyalo). Ba ne ba nna le bana ba le babedi mmogo: Noni-Ashitey (Fio) le Ashitei. Mettle o ne a na le bana ba le batlhano ba bangwe go tswa mo lonyalong lo longwe. O ne a tlhokafala ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borataro, a le dingwaga di le lekgolo le boraro. Mongwe wa basadi ba ga Ollennu e ne e le Nana Afua Frema Busia, mohumagadi wa kwa Wenchi gape e le kgaitsadia Dr. Kofi Abrefa Busia, tonakgolo wa Ghana. Morwadie moatlhodi Nii Amaa Ollennu le Nana Afua Frema Busia, Amerley Ollennu Awua-Asamoa, o ne a bereka e le moemedi wa lefatshe la Ghana kwa Denmark go tswa ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bosupa go tsena ngwaga wa dikete pedi masome a mabedi le motso.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070502190250/http://www.hawafoundation.org/personality%20talk.htm "Personality Talk".] ''Official Website''. The Hawa Foundation and Organization. Archived from [https://www.hawafoundation.org/personality%20talk.htm the original] on 2 May 2007. Retrieved 25 March 2007. <q>Mrs. Amerley Awua Asamoa"...."My father was the late Justice Nii Amaa Ollennu (a renowned Jurist and Speaker of Parliament, 2nd Republic of Ghana). My mother is Nana Afua Frema, former Queen-mother of Wenchi and direct sister of the late Dr. Kofi Abrefa Busia (Prime Minister of the 2nd Republic).</q></ref> Ollennu e ne e le leloko la District Grand Lodge of Ghana gape e le motlhami wa Legon Lodge.<ref>[https://www.myjoyonline.com/legon-lodge-marks-50th-anniversary-with-walk-health-screening/ "Legon Lodge marks 50th anniversary with walk & health screening - MyJoyOnline.com"]. ''Myjoyonline''. 18 September 2019. Retrieved 8 October 2026.</ref> === Lolwapa === Nii Amaa Ollennu e ne e le ntsalaa bana boora Quao, ba akaretsa Nathan Quao (o o tshostweng ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe lesome le botlhano a tlhokafala ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le botlhano), moemedi wa kwa mafatsheng a sele, morutintshi le mmereki wa puso o a neng a nna mogakolodi wa botautona ba le bantsi ba lefatshe la Ghana. Ditlogolwana tsoora Quao di ne di akaretsa [[Amon Nikoi]] (o o tshotsweng ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a mararo a tlhokafala ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi le boraro), e le moitseanape wa itsholelo gape e le moemedi wa lefatshe kwa mafatsheng a sele, mookamedi wa banka ya Ghana go tswa ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le boraro go tsena ngwga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le bosupa le tona wa madi go tswa ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa le borobabongwe go tsena ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabobedi le motso le batsalwa le ene Nicholas T. Clerk (o o tshotsweng ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a mararo a tlhokafala ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le bobedi), moruti wa pele wa GIMPA le George C. Clerk (o o tshotsweng ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a mararo le motso a tlhokafala ka ngwaga wa dikete pedi lesome le borobabongwe) moitseanape wa ditlhare.<ref name=":2" /><ref>[https://www.myheritage.com/names/carl_clerk "Carl Clerk - Historical records and family trees - MyHeritage".] ''MyHeritage''. Archived from the original on 6 April 2017. Retrieved 8 October 2026</ref><ref>[https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Former-Bank-of-Ghana-Governor-buried-at-La-28089 "Former Bank of Ghana Governor buried at La".] ''GhanaWeb''. 30 November 2001. Archived from the original on 21 April 2017. Retrieved 8 October 2026</ref><ref>[https://www.ghanaweb.com/person/Dr-Amon-Nikoi-171 "Dr Amon Nikoi, Former Governor of the Bank of Ghana".] ''GhanaWeb''. Archived from the original on 27 October 2016. Retrieved 8 October 2026</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170329232450/http://www.ug.edu.gh/botany/visitors/contact_us "Contact Us | Department of Botany"]. ''ug.edu.gh''. Archived from the original on 29 March 2017. Retrieved 8 October 2026</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170329143021/http://gaas-gh.org/fellowship/membership/ "Membership".] ''gaas-gh''. Archived from the original on 29 March 2017. Retrieved 8 October 2026</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170330011437/http://gaas-gh.org/fellowship/ "Fellowship".] ''gaas-gh''. Archived from the original on 30 March 2017. Retrieved 8 October 2026</ref><ref>''Obituary: The Rev. Dr. Nicholas Timothy Clerk''. Accra: Christian Messenger - Presbyterian Church of Ghana, Funeral Bulletin. 27 October 2012.</ref>Ashitey Trebi-Ollennu, moenjeneere wa NASA, ke setlogolo sa ga Ollennu.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/av/technology-40306617 "Five robots that are changing everything - BBC News".] ''BBC News''. 8 August 2018. Archived from the original on 8 August 2018. Retrieved 8 October 2026</ref> == Loso == Nii Amaa Ollennu o tlhokafetse ka morule ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe masome a robabobedi le borataro.<ref name=":1" /> == Metswedi == nzd7yhijir73msr9saou0jpux9z8giq