Armenia

Wikipedia tswiki https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tlukankulu MediaWiki 1.39.0-wmf.22 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Gadget Gadget talk Gadget definition Gadget definition talk Armenia 0 3854 36661 36255 2022-07-30T11:13:38Z InternetArchiveBot 7881 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Coord|40|N|45|E|display=title}} {{bold|Armenia}} i tiko ra [[Axiya]]. {{Infobox tiko | conventional_long_name = Republic of Armenia | common_name = Armenia | native_name = {{small|Հայաստանի Հանրապետություն {{native name|hy|Hayastani Hanrapetut’yun}}}} | image_flag = Flag of Armenia.svg | image_coat = Coat of arms of Armenia.svg | national_motto = | national_anthem = [[Mer Hayrenik|Մեր Հայրենիք]] ''Mer Hayrenik'' {{smaller|"Our Fatherland"}} [[File:Mer Hayrenik instrumental.ogg|center]] | image_map = Armenia (orthographic projection).svg | image_map2 = Armenia - Location Map (2013) - ARM - UNOCHA.svg | capital = [[Yerevan]] | coordinates = {{Coord|40|11|N|44|31|E|type:city}} | largest_city = capital | official_languages = [[Armenian language|Armenian]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Constitution of Armenia, Article 20|url=http://www.president.am/en/constitution-2015/ |publisher=president.am}}</ref> | national_languages = | languages_type = | languages_sub = | languages = | languages2_type = | languages2_sub = | languages2 = | ethnic_groups = {{Unbulleted list |98.1% [[Armenians]] |  1.2% [[Yazidis in Armenia|Yazidis]] |  0.4% [[Russians in Armenia|Russians]] |  0.3% other<ref>Asatryan, Garnik; Arakelova, Victoria (Yerevan 2002). [https://web.archive.org/web/20110511044234/http://www.hra.am/file/minorities_en.pdf The Ethnic Minorities in Armenia]. Part of the [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe|OSCE]]. at [[WebCite]] (16 April 2010).</ref><ref>Ministry of Culture of Armenia [http://mincult.am/datas/media/azg.poqr.%20ev%20xorhurd%20mshak.nax.%20(1).doc "The ethnic minorities in Armenia. Brief information"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010143439/http://mincult.am/datas/media/azg.poqr.%20ev%20xorhurd%20mshak.nax.%20(1).doc |date=2017-10-10 }}. As per the most recent census in 2011. [http://mincult.am/national_minority.html "National minority"].</ref>}} | ethnic_groups_year = 2011 | religion = [[Armenian Apostolic Church]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.parliament.am/parliament.php?id=constitution&lang=eng|title=National Assembly of the Republic of Armenia - Official Web Site - parliament.am|website=www.parliament.am}}</ref> | religion_year = | demonym = [[Armenians|Armenian]] | government_type = {{nowrap|[[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Parliamentary system|parliamentary]]}} [[republic]] | leader_title1 = [[President of Armenia|President]] | leader_name1 = [[Armen Sarkissian]] | leader_title2 = [[Prime Minister of Armenia|Prime Minister]] | leader_name2 = [[Nikol Pashinyan]] | leader_title3 = [[President of the National Assembly of Armenia|President of the National Assembly]] | leader_name3 = [[Ara Babloyan]] | legislature = [[National Assembly (Armenia)|National Assembly]] | sovereignty_type = Formation and independence | established_event1 = Traditional date | established_date1 = 2492 BC | established_event2 = [[Hayasa-Azzi]] | established_date2 = 1500–1290 BC | established_event3 = [[Shupria|Arme-Shupria]]<ref>[[David Marshall Lang|Lang, David Marshall]]. ''Armenia: Cradle of Civilization''. London: Allen and Unwin, 1970, p. 114. {{ISBN|0-04-956007-7}}.</ref><ref>Redgate, Anna Elizabeth. ''The Armenians''. Cornwall: Blackwell, 1998, pp. 16–19, 23, 25, 26 (map), 30–32, 38, 43 {{ISBN|0-631-22037-2}}.</ref> | established_date3 = 14th century–1190 BC | established_event4 = [[Urartu]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Redgate |first=A. E. |title=The Armenians |year=2000 |publisher=Blackwell |location=Oxford |isbn=0-631-22037-2 |page=5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e3nef10a3UcC&dq |edition=Reprint |quote=However, the most easily identifiable ancestors of the later Armenian nation are the Urartians.}}</ref> | established_date4 = 860–590 BC | established_event5 = [[Orontid dynasty]] | established_date5 = 6th century BC | established_event6 = {{nowrap|[[Kingdom of Armenia (antiquity)|Kingdom of Greater Armenia]] united under the [[Artaxiad Dynasty]]<ref>{{cite book |editor1-last=de Laet |editor1-first=Sigfried J. |editor2-last=Herrmann |editor2-first=Joachim |title=History of Humanity: From the seventh century B.C. to the seventh century A.D. |date=1996 |publisher=Routledge |location=London |isbn=978-92-3-102812-0 |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=WGUz01yBumEC&pg=PA128 128] |edition=1st |quote=The ruler of the part known as Greater Armenia, Artaxias (Artashes), the founder of a new dynasty, managed to unite the country...}}</ref>}} | established_date6 = 190 BC<ref>{{cite book |title=Encyclopedia Americana: Ankara to Azusa |date=2005 |publisher=[[Scholastic Library Publishing]] |page=393 |quote=It was named for Artaxias, a general of Antiochus the Great, who founded the kingdom of Armenia about 190 B.C.}}</ref> | established_event7 = [[Arsacid dynasty of Armenia|Arsacid dynasty]] | established_date7 = 52–428 | established_event8 = [[Bagratid Armenia]] | established_date8 = 885–1045 | established_event9 = [[Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia|Kingdom of Cilicia]] | established_date9 = 1198–1375 | established_event10 = [[First Republic of Armenia]] [[Declaration of Independence of Armenia (1918)|declared]] | established_date10 = 28 May 1918 | established_event11 = [[Independence Day (Armenia)|Independence]] from the [[Soviet Union]] | established_date11 = 21 September 1991 | area_km2 = 29,743 | area_rank = 138th | area_sq_mi = 11,484 | percent_water = 4.71<ref name="cia-fact">{{cite web|title=The World Fact Book – Armenia |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/am.html |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |accessdate=17 July 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100719074837/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/am.html |archivedate=19 July 2010 |deadurl=no |df=dmy}}</ref> | population_estimate = {{UN_Population|Armenia}}{{UN_Population|ref}} | population_census = {{nowrap|{{decrease}} 3,018,854<ref name="Armenia information">{{cite web |url=http://www.armstat.am/file/doc/99475033.pdf |title=Statistical Service of Armenia|publisher=Armstat |accessdate=20 February 2014}}</ref><ref name="News.am">{{cite news |title=Armenia Population |url=http://countrymeters.info/en/Armenia |agency=countrymeters.info}}</ref>}} | population_estimate_year = {{UN_Population|Year}} | population_census_year = 2011 | population_census_rank = 134th | population_density_km2 = 101.5 | population_density_sq_mi = 262.9 | population_density_rank = 99th | GDP_PPP = {{nowrap|$28,282 billion<ref name="IMF GDP">{{cite web|title=Report for Selected Countries and Subjects|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2017&ey=2017&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=43&pr1.y=12&c=911&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=|work=[[World Economic Outlook]] Database, April 2018|publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]]|accessdate=17 January 2018|location=Washington, D.C.|date=4 October 2017}}</ref>}} | GDP_PPP_year = 2017 | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $9,456<ref name="IMF GDP"/> | GDP_nominal = {{nowrap|$11,548 billion<ref name="IMF GDP"/>}} | GDP_nominal_year = 2017 | GDP_nominal_per_capita = $3,861<ref name="IMF GDP"/> | Gini = 31.5 | Gini_year = 2013 | Gini_change = | Gini_ref = <ref name=WB1>{{cite web |url= http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI |title= Gini index |publisher=[[World Bank]] |accessdate= 12 May 2016}}</ref> | Gini_rank = | HDI = 0.743 | HDI_year = 2015 | HDI_change = increase | HDI_ref = <ref name="HDI">{{cite web |title=Human Development Report 2016 |year=2016 |publisher=United Nations |accessdate=28 September 2017 |url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2016_human_development_report.pdf}}</ref> | HDI_rank = 84th | currency = [[Armenian dram|Dram]] ([[Armenian dram sign|֏]]) | currency_code = AMD | time_zone = [[Armenia Time|AMT]] | utc_offset = +4 | drives_on = right | calling_code = [[Telephone numbers in Armenia|+374]] | patron_saint = [[Gregory the Illuminator|St. Gregory]] | cctld = {{unbulleted list |[[.am]] |[[.հայ]]}} }} <gallery caption="Armenia"> Yerevan-Republic Square-46-Transport-2019-gje.jpg|Yerevan Garni-24-Tempel-von Suedwesten-2019-gje.jpg|Garni Vagharshapat-St Hripsime-02-Mauern-2019-gje.jpg|Vagharshapat Khor Virap-Muttergotteskirche-04-2019-gje.jpg|Khor Virap Sevanavank-Apostelkirche-02-Muttergotteskirche-2019-gje.jpg|Sevanavank Yerevan-20-Kreuzstein von St Johannes in Chahuk-2019-gje.jpg|Khatchkar </gallery> {{Axiya}} ==Mintsaho== {{reflist}} [[Category:Asia]] t0bicgnivmlm6zxx8gobwyumg80ztbf Tito Mboweni 0 5947 36660 36240 2022-07-30T11:10:55Z InternetArchiveBot 7881 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Bio}} '''Tito Titus Mboweni''' (u velekiwe hi ti 16 Nyenyankulu 1959) eka nkarhi wa sweswi, i Holobye wa swa Timali eAfrika Dzonga ku nga [[Afrika-Dzonga|South Africa]]. Mboweni u ve Mugavhenara wa vunhungu wa South African Reserve Bank na Muntima wa sungula ku va eka xiyimo lexi eAfrika Dzonga. U funghisiwe ku va Holobye wa ta Timali ku sukela hi ti 9 Oktoboro 2018, ku landza endzhaku ka loko Nhlanhla Nene a surile ku va eka xiyimo lexi.<ref name="BLive20181009">{{cite web | url=https://www.businesslive.co.za/bd/national/2018-10-09-business-lauds-tito-mboweni-as-a-credible-finance-minister/ | title=Business lauds Tito Mboweni as a ‘credible’ finance minister | publisher=Business Day | date=October 9, 2018 | accessdate=October 10, 2018 | author=Menon, Sunita}}</ref><ref name="IOL17412803"/> Mboweni hi wun'wana wa vasunguri va vuvekisi bya timali bya vabuti va ka Mboweni leyi ku nga Mboweni Brothers Investment Holdings na mutsundzuxi wa international advisor of Goldman Sachs International.<ref name="Businessweek">{{cite web |url=http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=25853585&privcapId=874531 |title=Tito Mboweni |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |website= |publisher=[[Businessweek]] |accessdate=October 4, 2013}}</ref> U langiwe ku va non executive Director wa Afrika Dzonga eka New Development Bank (BRICS Development Bank). == Tavutomi byakwe == === Malembe yosungula na tidyondzo: 1959 - 1980 === I n'wana lontsongo eka vana vanharhu, Tito Mboweni u velekiwe hi ti 16 ta Machi (Nyenyankulu) 1959.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.whoswho.co.za/tito-mboweni-925 |title=Tito Mboweni | Who's Who SA |publisher=Whoswho.co.za |date= |accessdate=2012-10-15 |archive-date=2018-03-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330220042/http://www.whoswho.co.za/tito-mboweni-925 |dead-url= }}</ref> U kulele eTzaneen eka ndhawu leyi khale a yi vitaniwa Xifundzhankulu (Provhinsi) ya Transvaal. U dyondze eYunivhesiti ya N'walungu (University of the North) exikarhi ka malembe ya 1979 na 1980, laha a rhejistarele tidyondzo ta where Bachelor of Commerce degree. A nga hetangi tidyondzo leti kona, kutani a suka Afrika Dzonga a ya eka exile hi lembe ra 1980. === Ta Politiki na vuholobye === Loko a ri eLesotho, u ve a joyina nhlanano wa African National Congress (ANC), leyi sweswi ku nga nhlangano lowu fumak eAfrika Dzonga, na swona a va na mafulufulu swinene eka nhlangano ehansi ka swiyimo swo hlayanyana. U ve a humelela tidyondzo ta Bachelor of Arts (Hons) eka economics na political science kumbe sayense ya swa tipolitiki eNational University of Lesotho hi 1985. Hi 1988 u humelele tidyondzo ta Master of Arts in Development Economics eUniversity of East Anglia eNghilandi.. Tito Mboweni u ve Holobye wa ta Mintirho ku sukela hi Meyi (Dzivamisoko) 1994 ku fikela hi Julayi 1998 eka khabinete ya Mupresidente wa South African ku nga tatana [[Nelson Mandela]]. Loko a nga si vekiwa tani hi Holobye wa ta Mintirho, a a ri, Xandla xa Nhloko ya Department of Economic Policy ku nga ndzawulo ya pholisi ya ikhonomi eka nhlangano wa ANC. U ve a tlhela a yimela ANC eka swiyenge swo hambana hambana endzeni ka tiko na le ka matiko ya misava He also represented the ANC. Tito Mboweni a a ri xirho xa Huvonkulu ya tiko ku nga ANC's National Executive and National Working Committees na swona a a ri mutshami-xitulu wa National Executive Committee's Economic Transformation Committee, leyi a yi kunguhata ku endliwa no hluvukisiwa ka tipholisi ta ikhonomi ta ANC. Loko a ha ri Holobye wa ta Mintirho, u ve a rhangela ntirho wa ku endliwa na nawu lowuntshwa wa ta mintirho endzhaku ka mfumo wa Xihlawuhlawu.<ref name="Businessweek"/> U ve wun'wana wa varhangeri matiko ya misava eka World Economic Forums va mikarhi ya mundzuku hi 1995. Hi 1997 Tito Mboweni u ve a langiwa ku va nhloko ya Ndzawulo ya ta Pholisi ya ANC lowu a wu langutana no fambisa no longoloxa kahle tiprosese na mafambiseloya swa pholisi swa ANC. Endzhaku ka ku joyina South African Reserve Bank, u ve a rhizayina eka swiyimo swa yena leswi a langiwe ku va eka swona eka ANC. U joyine banginkulu ya South African Reserve Bank hi Julayi 1998 tani hi Mutsundzuxi wa mugavhenara ku nga Governor. Hi tai 8 ta Agasti 1999 u ve a teka xiyimo xa ku va mugavhenara endzhaku ka Dr. Chris Stals tani hi Mugavhenara lontshwa wa banginkulu ku nga Governor wa Reserve Bank. Hi nkarhi wa ku va mugavhenara, u ve a xiximiwa hi xiyimo xa ku va Profesa wa Economics eyunivhesiti ya Afrika Dzonga ku nga University of South Africa eka malembe ya 2000 ku fikela 2003. University of Natal yi n'wi xixime hi digri ya vudokodela ku nga Doctor of Economics, honoris causa. Digri leyi, u nyikiwe yona hi lembe ra 2001. Mugavhenara u hlawuriwe ku va Muchanselara wa University of the North-West kutani a vekiwa eka xiyimo lexi xa Vuchanselara ximfumo hi ti 23 Februwari 2002. Kasi University of Stellenbosch yi lange Mugavhenara tani hi Professor Extraordinary eka Economics nkarhi wa ku sukela hi ti 1 Apreli 2002 ku fikela 31 Machi 2005. Asia School of Business yi lange Mboweni eka Bodo ya Vagavhenara ku nga Board of Governors hi 2015. U landzeriwe eka xiyimo lexi xa vugavhenara hi manana Gill Marcus loyi a nga va Mugavhenara hi ta 9 ta Novhemba 2009. Hi Juni (Khotavuxika) 2010, Mboweni u langiwe ku va mutsundzuxi eka xiyenge xa matiko ya misava ku nga Adviser eka Goldman Sachs International, laha a nyiketa switsundzuxo eka swa tiophochuniti ta nhluvukiso wa mabindzu, kasi a langutana ngopfu na ndhawu ya Afrika Dzonga ku nga [[Afrika-Dzonga|South Africa]] na Sub-Saharan Africa.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2010-04-26-tito-mboweni-joins-goldman-sachs |title=Tito Mboweni joins Goldman Sachs |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=April 26, 2010 |website= |publisher=[[Mail & Guardian]] |accessdate=October 4, 2013}}</ref> Hi 2015, Mboweni‚ u vekiwe ku va muprofesara hi xiyimo xa vuxiximiwa ku nga honorary professor eka School of Economic and Business Sciences e- University of the Witwatersrand.<ref>{{ cite news|url=https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/news/2015-07-30-mboweni-to-join-wits-university/|title= Tito Mboweni to join Wits University|accessdate=23 December 2017 |work=sowetanlive}}</ref> Hi ti 9 ta Okthoba 2018, Mboweni u languwe hi Mupresidente Cyril Ramaphosa tani hi Holobye lontshwa wa ta timali wa Riphabliki ya Afrika Dzonga, ku sukela hi wona nkarhi wolowo hi xihatla<ref name="IOL17412803">{{cite news|url=https://www.iol.co.za/business-report/economy/meet-tito-mboweni-the-new-finance-minister-of-sa-17412803|title=Meet Tito Mboweni, the new Finance Minister of SA|date=October 9, 2018|publisher=IOL|accessdate=October 9, 2018}}</ref> ku landza ku tshika entirhweni ka holobye Nhlanhla Nene.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.iol.co.za/news/politics/news-just-in-nhanhla-nene-resigns-from-his-post-as-finance-minister-17412640|title=NEWS JUST IN: Nhanhla Nene resigns from his post as Finance Minister|date=October 9, 2018|publisher=IOL|accessdate=October 9, 2018}}</ref> Nge-5 ka-Agasti ka-2021, uMboweni warhoxa njengoMphathiswa wezeziMali. == Mintshaho == {{Reflist|2}} == Minkhwekelo ya le handle ka Wikipediya == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070814004030/http://www.anc.org.za/people/mboweni.html Tito Mboweni biography], at African National Congress site, retrieved 2008-08-20 {| class="wikitable succession-box" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:95%;clear:both;" ! colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;" |Ofisi ya politiki |- style="text-align:center;" | rowspan="1" style="width:30%;" |Urhangeriwe hi by [[Nhlanhla Nene]] | rowspan="1" style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" |''' [[Holobye wa swa timali (Afrika Dzonga)|Holobye wa swa timali]]''' 2018–2021 | rowspan="1" style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" |'''Ka hari yena holobye''' |} [[Category:Vanhu]] {{Lifetime|1959| |Tito Mboweni}} j7byzj7hmgukbamor3qbg0s3j5oy8ie