Wikipedia tswiki https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tlukankulu MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.20 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 2 7609 42284 42268 2026-09-17T09:15:33Z NastyB innit 12496 42284 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vito ra mina i NastyB innit.''' <u>[[User:NastyB innit/Draft 1|Draft 1]]</u> <u>[[User:NastyB innit/Draft 2|Draft 2]]</u> [[NastyB innit/Draft 3|Draft 3]] euyf014xzceasnv4m7oamybqhesndpw 42285 42284 2026-09-17T09:16:21Z NastyB innit 12496 42285 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vito ra mina i NastyB innit.''' <u>[[User:NastyB innit/Draft 1|Draft 1]]</u> <u>[[User:NastyB innit/Draft 2|Draft 2]]</u> 0c2jdcynt48zphxy0lxcq6nil7kc0w1 42286 42285 2026-09-17T09:20:47Z NastyB innit 12496 42286 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vito ra mina i NastyB innit.''' <u>[[User:NastyB innit/Draft 1|Draft 1]]</u> <u>[[User:NastyB innit/Draft 2|Draft 2]]</u> <u>[[User:NastyB innit/Draft 3|Draft 3]]</u> 3tcbuqtgysjgt9oxzia97b2ec3xiy6d 42287 42286 2026-09-17T09:21:28Z NastyB innit 12496 42287 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vito ra mina i NastyB innit.''' <u>[[User:NastyB innit/Draft 1|Draft 1]]</u> <u>[[User:NastyB innit/Draft 2|Draft 2]]</u> <u>[[User:NastyB innit/Draft 3|Draft 3]]</u> 6xhs90eoff6yucisv7m59t83n7ij3tc 2 7614 42279 42254 2026-09-16T16:12:21Z Zeeluna 12489 42279 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Zeeluna [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 1|Draft 1]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 2|Draft 2]] *[[User:Zeeluna/Draft 3|Draft 3]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 4|Draft 4]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 5|Draft 5]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 6|Draft 6]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 7|Draft 7]] *[[Draft 8]]<blockquote><nowiki>*</nowiki>[[Draft 9]] * [[Lebone Seema|Draft 10]] *[[Draft 11/]] </blockquote> gsa9xo2krmfh5vafjc4ef0edqr5133m 42280 42279 2026-09-16T16:13:44Z Zeeluna 12489 42280 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Zeeluna [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 1|Draft 1]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 2|Draft 2]] *[[User:Zeeluna/Draft 3|Draft 3]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 4|Draft 4]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 5|Draft 5]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 6|Draft 6]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 7|Draft 7]] *[[Draft 8]]<blockquote><nowiki>*</nowiki>[[Draft 9]] * [[Lebone Seema|Draft 10]] *[[* Draft 4|Draft 11/Zeeluna]] </blockquote> eoyjw9uwkjdv289xri8h8r3tmx1st9y 42281 42280 2026-09-16T16:14:14Z Zeeluna 12489 42281 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Zeeluna [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 1|Draft 1]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 2|Draft 2]] *[[User:Zeeluna/Draft 3|Draft 3]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 4|Draft 4]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 5|Draft 5]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 6|Draft 6]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 7|Draft 7]] *[[Draft 8]]<blockquote><nowiki>*</nowiki>[[Draft 9]] * [[Lebone Seema|Draft 10]] </blockquote> 27z7tnkzznkospqttgrl0v7pes3xuo9 42292 42281 2026-09-17T11:55:16Z Zeeluna 12489 42292 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Zeeluna [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 1|Draft 1]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 2|Draft 2]] *[[User:Zeeluna/Draft 3|Draft 3]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 4|Draft 4]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 5|Draft 5]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 6|Draft 6]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 7|Draft 7]] *[[Draft 8]]<blockquote><nowiki>*</nowiki>[[Draft 9]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 10|Draft 10]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 11|Draft 11]] </blockquote> p4tu07tb5c4k423jhfgj0g50z1nn729 42293 42292 2026-09-17T11:55:54Z Zeeluna 12489 42293 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Zeeluna [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 1|Draft 1]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 2|Draft 2]] *[[User:Zeeluna/Draft 3|Draft 3]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 4|Draft 4]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 5|Draft 5]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 6|Draft 6]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 7|Draft 7]] *[[Draft 8]]<blockquote><nowiki>*</nowiki>[[Draft 9]] * [[Draft 10]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 11|Draft 11]] </blockquote> p3rmqtdlbg8cyb3hqqclk2kr37tsp9m 42294 42293 2026-09-17T11:58:33Z Zeeluna 12489 42294 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Zeeluna [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 1|Draft 1]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 2|Draft 2]] *[[User:Zeeluna/Draft 3|Draft 3]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 4|Draft 4]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 5|Draft 5]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 6|Draft 6]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 7|Draft 7]] *[[Draft 8]]<blockquote><nowiki>*</nowiki>[[Draft 9]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 10|Draft 10]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 11|Draft 11]] </blockquote> p4tu07tb5c4k423jhfgj0g50z1nn729 0 8081 42282 42271 2026-09-17T00:03:39Z InternetArchiveBot 7881 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 42282 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:View to Piran from St. George's Parish Church, Piran, Slovenia 11.jpg|thumb|282x282px|xifaniso xa lwangu]] '''Lwangu''' i xin’wana xa swiphemu swa nkoka swinene swa muako. Ri vumba xifunengeto xa le henhla xo sirhelela xo xivumbeko naswona ri sirhelela lava tshamaka eka rona ni swilo leswi fanaka na moya, ku vonakala ka dyambu, ku cinca ka mahiselo ni swiyimo swin’wana swa mbango.Lwangu leri endliweke kahle ri tlhela ri hoxa xandla eka ku tiya, ku tshamiseka, ku tirhisa matimba hi ndlela leyinene ni ku languteka ka muako.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Client Challenge|url=https://www.scribd.com/presentation/473035082/roof|website=www.scribd.com|access-date=2026-09-15}}</ref> Ntirho lowukulu wa lwangu i ku sirhelela muako eka swiyimo swa mbango. Ri sivela mati ya mpfula na ndzhongho ku nghena eka muako kasi ritlhela rinyika nsirhelelo eka moya, miseve ya dyambu na ku cinca cinca ka mahiselo. Vulawuri bya kahle bya mati i bya nkoka swinene hikuva ku kongomisa mati ya mpfula ekule na muako swi pfuneta ku sivela ku onhaka ka ndzhongho na ku onhaka ka switirhisiwa swo aka<ref>{{Cite web|title=Roofs {{!}} Better Buildings & Better Plants Initiative|url=https://betterbuildingssolutioncenter.energy.gov/roofs|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260613021258/https://betterbuildingssolutioncenter.energy.gov/roofs|archive-date=2026-06-13|website=betterbuildingssolutioncenter.energy.gov|language=en|access-date=2026-09-15|dead-url=no}}</ref>. Lwangu ri fanele ri tlhela ri kota ku seketela ntiko wa rona ni mindzhwalo yin’wana leyi ri vekiweke eka rona. Leswi swi nga ha katsa moya, gamboko laha swi faneleke, mintirho yo lunghisa ni switirhisiwa swa le henhla ka lwangu. Hikokwalaho dizayini yifanele ku tekela enhlokweni maxelo ya ndzhawu, swilaveko swa xivumbeko, switirhisiwa, na sisiteme ya drainage<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cool roofs save energy and water|url=https://doi.org/10.1036/1097-8542.br1025171|website=AccessScience|access-date=2026-09-15}}</ref>. Hi ku gimeta, lwangu i xiphemu xa nkoka swinene xa muako. Yi nyika nsirhelelo na<ref>{{Cite web|title=Encyclopaedia Britannica|url=https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004337862__com_050367|accessdate=2026-09-15|website=Lexikon des gesamten Buchwesens Online}}</ref> nchavelelo . Loko a ku nga ri na lwangu leri tiyeke ni leri hlayisiweke kahle, yindlu a yi nga ta va ndhawu leyi hlayisekeke ni leyinene yo tshama eka yona. == SWIHLOVO == <references /> [[Category:MIAKO]] 6pl6zkfjm2zdcuouuc0icrussmwbpzh 0 8083 42283 42277 2026-09-17T00:11:51Z InternetArchiveBot 7881 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 42283 wikitext text/x-wiki Hi Nyenyenyani 2018, Kgatlana u rhurhele eUnited States ku ya joyina Houston Dash eka National Women's Soccer League. U tisiwe hi khale ka muleteri wa xipano xa rixaka Vera Pauw. Kgatlana u joyine vatlangi-kulobye va Afrika-Dzonga Janine van Wyk na Linda Motlhalo eHouston.<ref>{{Cite news |date=21 February 2018 |title=Banyana star Thembi Kgatlana signs for Houston Dash |url=https://www.iol.co.za/sport/soccer/bafana/banyana-star-thembi-kgatlana-signs-for-houston-dash-13400939 |access-date=9 January 2019 |publisher=[[Independent Online (South Africa)]]}}</ref> Kgatlana u humelele minkarhi ya 16 eka Houston naswona u korile tigoli timbirhi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=T.KGATLANA|url=https://us.soccerway.com/players/thembi-kgatlana/452396/|accessdate=19 March 2019}}</ref> Hi ti 22 ta Nyenyankulu 2019, Kgatlana u tivisiwile leswaku u sayine na Beijing BG Phoenix F.C. eka Chinese Women's Super League eka ntwanano wa lembe rin'we. U joyiniwe hi un'wana wa vatlangi wa xipano xa Afrika-Dzonga loyi kunga Linda Motlhalo loyi na yena a sukeke eHouston a ya eChina.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dylan |date=23 February 2019 |title=Kgatlana signs for Chinese club |url=https://www.fourfourtwo.co.za/banyana-banyana/kgatlana-signs-for-chinese-club/ |access-date=5 May 2019 |publisher=FourFourTwo |archive-date=8 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608163818/https://www.fourfourtwo.co.za/banyana-banyana/kgatlana-signs-for-chinese-club/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Hi 27 Sunguti 2020 u sayinile na SL Benfica.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Chrestinah Thembi Kgatlana contratada|url=https://www.slbenfica.pt/pt-pt/agora/noticias/2020/01/27/futebol-feminino-benfica-thembi-kgatlana-contratada|accessdate=2020-02-02|website=www.slbenfica.pt|language=pt}}</ref> Hi siku ra 1 Nyenyankulu 2020 u sungurile eka ntlangu wa 3-1 eka Braga eka Taça da Liga Feminina.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Deram a volta com muita pinta|url=https://www.slbenfica.pt/pt-pt/agora/noticias/2020/02/01/futebol-feminino-direto-jogo-braga-benfica-2-jornada-taca-da-liga-feminina|accessdate=2020-02-02|website=www.slbenfica.pt|language=pt}}</ref> Loko swi nga se khanseriwa hikwalaho ka [[Ntungu wa Khorona ya 2019|Ntungu wa COVID-19]], Kgatlana u pfune Benfica leswaku a fika eka mphikizano wo hetelela wa Portuguese Cup na Taca da Liga Femenina xikan'we na ku va ehenhla ka khapu ya league. Vuyelo bya kona a byi ringene ku endla leswaku ntlawa lowu wu fanele UEFA Women's Champions League ro sungula ematin'wini ya wona. Ku tirha ka Kgatlana eBenfica ku fike emakumu ka ha ri na nkarhi hikwalaho ka swiphiqo leswi vangiweke hi mpfilumpfilu wa COVID-19, laha ku nghenisiweke muholo eka bolo ya milenge ya vavasati va le Portugal. Hi ti 21 ta Khotavuxika 2020, ku tivisiwile leswaku u joyine ntlawa lowuntshwa wa Spanish Primera División SD Eibar hi ntwanano wa lembe rin'we.<ref>{{Cite web|date=21 July 2020|title=Thembi moves to Spain|url=https://www.safa.net/2020/07/21/thembi-moves-to-spain/|accessdate=17 May 2023|publisher=[[South African Football Association|SAFA]]|language=en-US}}</ref> Kgatlana u humelele ro sungula hi ti 4 ta Nhlangula 2020 eka ku hlula ka 1-0 ehenhla ka Real Betis, a nga si pfula rhekhodo ya yena ya ku hoxa tibolo vhiki leri landzelaka eka ntlangu wa 2-2 ehenhla ka Levante.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kgatlana rescues Eibar with maiden Spanish Iberdrola goal against Levante|url=https://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/kgatlana-rescues-eibar-with-maiden-spanish-iberdrola-goal/h2do1tvbg1cu1olc16l3z7431|accessdate=2020-11-21|website=[[Goal (website)|Goal]]}}</ref> Hi ti 31 ta Nhlangula 2020, Kgatlana u korile bolo ya yena ya vumbirhi eka ntlangu wa yena wo sungula eka ku hlula ka 1-0 ehenhla ka Espanyol, hambi swi ri tano u boheke ku huma eka ntlangu lowu a ha ri eka xiyenge xo sungula hikwalaho ka ku vaviseka katsongo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kgatlana the herione on full debut as Eibar stun Espanyol|url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/kgatlana-the-herione-on-full-debut-as-eibar-stun-espanyol/12exqf8l08hor1ayd808k381y1|accessdate=2020-11-21|website=[[Goal (website)|Goal]]}}</ref> Loko a vuya endzhaku ka ku vaviseka, u tlhelele eka xiyimo xa ku hoxa bolo hi ndlela yo hlamarisa eka ku hluriwa ka 3-1 eka Real Madrid endzhaku ko tlhela a nghena a ri exitulwini. [[Category:Living people]] 6ljgnde1yju0vyj6zgggpc506n6hni8 0 8084 42278 2026-09-16T14:25:56Z NwaMasingita 12492 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1373860714|Fish]]" 42278 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}}<gallery mode="packed" heights="175"> File:Rhincodon_typus_fgbnms_(cropped).jpg|alt=Largest: whale shark| Lexikulu ngopfu: whale shark File:Paedocypris_progenetica_001.jpg|alt=Smallest: e.g. Paedocypris progenetica| Lexintsongo: xikombiso ''Paedocypris progenetica'' </gallery>'''Nhlampfi''' i [[Swiharhi|xiharhi]] xa le matini xa 'anamniotic' lexi nga na ti 'gill -bearing' 'vertebrate' lexi nga na 'cranium' yo tika ku sirhelela byongo kambe xi pfumala swirho leswi nga na ti 'digits' .Tinhlampfi tinga hlengeletiwa eka tihlampfi letinga 'basal' 'jawless' swinene na tihlampfi leti tolovelekeke swinene ta 'jawed' leti to hetelela ti katsa tihlampfi hinkwato leti hanyaka ta 'cartilaginous' na 'bony' xikan'we na ti 'placoderms' letinga nyamalala na ti 'acanthodians'. Hi ku wisa eka ndhavuko wo leha wa ku hlengeleta tihlampfi hinkwato eka ntlawa wun’we ('<nowiki/>'''Pisces'<nowiki/>''') 'phylogenetics' ya manguva lawa yi languta tihlampfi tanihi ntlawa wa 'paraphyletic' lowu katsaka swiharhi hinkwaswo swa marhambu ya nhloko handle ka ti 'tetrapods'. Hi Xinghezi vunyingi bya "nhlampfi" i ''nhlampfi'' loko ku kongomisiwa eka vanhu na ''tinhlampfi'' loko ku kongomisiwa eka tinxaka. Tinhlampfi totala tina ngati yo titimela mahiselo ya miri wa tona ya hambana kuya hi mati lawa ya rhendzeleke, hambi leswi swihlambelo swin’wana leswikulu, leswi gingiritekaka swofana na 'white shark' na 'tuna' swinga hlayisaka mahiselo yale henhla ya 'core'. Tinhlampfi to tala ti nga vulavurisana hi mpfumawulo ku fana ni hi nkarhi wa minkombiso ya ku gangisana . Dyondzo ya tinhlampfi yi tiviwa tanihi 'ichthyology'. Kuna tinxaka to tlula 33,000 ta tihlampfi letinga kona hiku olova ka ntlawa lowukulu wa swihadyani swa marhambu ya nhloko naswona kutlula tinxaka hinkwato ta mintlawa yin’wana ya ndhavuko kunga swiharhi leswi hanyaka ematini na le misaveni, swihadyani leswi hahaka, swinyenyani na swihadyani leswi mamisaka loko swi hlanganisiwa.Tinhlampfi totala ti wela eka ntlawa wa 'Actinopterygii' tihlampfi letingana 'ray-finned' leti endlaka kwalomu ka hafu ya swiharhi hinkwaswo leswi hanyaka swa 'vertebrate'. == Ntivo-vutomi bya rito == Rito ''nhlampfi'' ri huma eka 'Proto-Germanic' naswona ri fambelana na 'German {{Lang|de|Fisch}}' ku nga xihlamusela-marito xa Xilatini '{{Lang|la|piscis}}' na Xi-Irish xa Khale {{Lang|sga|íasc}} hambileswi rimitsu leri kongomeke ri nga tiviwiki valawuri van’wana va pfuxeta rimitsu ra 'Proto-Indo-European' {{Lang|ine-x-proto|*peysk-}} leyi tiyisisiweke ntsena hi Xitalic, Celtic na Xijarimani . <ref>{{Cite web|title=DWDS – Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache|url=https://www.dwds.de/wb/Fisch|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200731172104/https://www.dwds.de/wb/Fisch|archive-date=31 July 2020|accessdate=2023-01-21|website=DWDS|language=de}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book |last=Lehmann |first=Winfred Philipp |year=1986 |title=A Gothic etymological dictionary |url=https://archive.org/details/lehmann-gothic-etymological-dictionary-1986/page/n1/mode/2up |last2=Hewitt |first2=Helen-Jo J. |last3=Feist |first3=Sigmund |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-08176-5 |page=118}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=fish, n.1|url=https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/70646|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230317010607/https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/70646|archive-date=17 March 2023|accessdate=2023-01-21|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book |last=Buck |first=Carl Darling |author-link=Carl Darling Buck |year=1949 |title=A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages |publisher=University of Chicago Press |page=184 |chapter=section 3.65}}</ref> == Ndzundzuluko == === Matimu ya masalela ya swilo leswi feke === [[File:Dunkleosteus_profile.jpg|thumb| ''Dunkleosteus'' a ku ri xiharhi lexikulu xa Devonian lexi hlomeke xa placoderm, c. 400 mya .]] Kwalomu ka malembe ya 530 wa timiliyoni lama hundzeke hi nkarhi wa ku buluka ka 'Cambrian', swiharhi leswi fanaka ni tinhlampfi leswi nga ni 'notochord' ni mahlo emahlweni ka miri swo tanihi ''<nowiki/>'Haikouichthys''', swi humelela eka rhekhodo ya masalela ya swilo leswi feke . <ref name="Shu 2003">{{Cite journal |last=Shu |first=D. G. |last2=Conway Morris |first2=S. |last3=Han |first3=J. |last4=Zhang |first4=Z. F. |last5=Yasui |first5=K. |last6=Janvier |first6=P. |last7=Chen |first7=L. |last8=Zhang |first8=X. L. |last9=Liu |first9=J. N. |last10=Li |first10=Y. |last11=Liu |first11=H.-Q. |display-authors=6 |date=2003 |title=Head and backbone of the Early Cambrian vertebrate ''Haikouichthys'' |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/10926399 |journal=Nature |volume=421 |issue=6922 |pages=526–529 |bibcode=2003Natur.421..526S |doi=10.1038/nature01264 |pmid=12556891 |s2cid=4401274}}</ref> Hi nkarhi wa khale ka 'Cambrian' swivumbeko swin’wana leswinga riki na tinhlaya swofana na 'conodonts' swa humelela. <ref name="Donoghue Purnell 2009">{{Cite journal |last=Donoghue |first=Philip C. J. |last2=Purnell |first2=Mark A. |date=2009 |title=The Evolutionary Emergence of Vertebrates From Among Their Spineless Relatives |journal=Evolution: Education and Outreach |volume=2 |issue=2 |pages=204–212 |doi=10.1007/s12052-009-0134-3 |doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref name="Miller Clark 1984">{{Cite journal |last=Miller |first=James F. |last2=Clark |first2=D. L. |year=1984 |title=Cambrian and earliest Ordovician conodont evolution, biofacies, and provincialism |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bGGi7wlAuw4C&pg=PA43 |journal=Geological Society of America Special Paper |series=Geological Society of America Special Papers |volume=196 |issue=196 |pages=43–68 |doi=10.1130/SPE196-p43 |isbn=978-0-8137-2196-5 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Matirhelo yo hlambela ya hambana kusuka eka tihlampfi tofana na 'tuna', 'salmon' na ti 'jacks' letinga funengeta 10–20 'body-lengths' hi xinkarhana kuya eka tinxaka tofana na ti 'eels' na 'rays' leti hlambelaka kungari kutlula 0.5 'body-lengths' hi xinkarhan. == Swikombo == === Tinhlamuselo ta le hansi === === Swihlovo leswi tshahiweke ===   == Ku hlaya loku yaka emahlweni == <templatestyles src="Refbegin/styles.css" /> h642xyf9ma5q4h96tzqebkxhtv7x9jm 2 8085 42288 2026-09-17T10:29:38Z Hlaisani 12522 ndzi tsarile hlamuselo yintshwa nikombisa na swihlovo leswi ndzi tirhiseke 42288 wikitext text/x-wiki '''XILEMA''' Vulema i mhaka ya nkoka ya ntshamiseko, rihanyo, na timfanelo ta ximunhu leyi khumbaka vanhu etikweni rin’wana na rin’wana na muganga. Vanhu lava nga na vulema i vanhu lava nga ha vaka na ku tsandzeka ka miri, ku twa, ka miehleketo, kumbe ka ntivo-miehleketo loku, kun’we na swihinga eka ndhawu ya vona, swi nga khumbaka ku nghenelela ka vona hi ku hetiseka eka vaaki. Ntwanano wa Nhlangano wa Matiko wa Timfanelo ta Vanhu lava nga na Vulema wu kandziyisa leswaku vulema byi fanele ku twisisiwa hi ku ya hi ku ringana, xindzhuti, ku nghenelela, na timfanelo ta ximunhu.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Krahn |first=Gloria L. |date=2011-07 |title=WHO World Report on Disability: A review |url=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dhjo.2011.05.001 |journal=Disability and Health Journal |volume=4 |issue=3 |pages=141–142 |doi=10.1016/j.dhjo.2011.05.001 |issn=1936-6574}}</ref> Vulema byi nga teka swivumbeko swo tala. Swi nga katsa vulema bya miri, ku tsandzeka ku vona kumbe ku twa, vulema bya miehleketo Vanhu va nga velekiwa va ri na vulema kumbe va byi kuma endzhaku ka vutomi hikwalaho ka mavabyi, ku vaviseka, ku dyuhala, kumbe swiyimo swin'wana. Xa nkoka, vulema a byi bohiwi ntsena hi xiyimo xa rihanyo ra munhu. Ntivo-mbango na wona wu hoxa xandla swinene. Hi xikombiso, munhu loyi a tirhisaka xitulu xa lava lamaleke a nga ha swi kota ku hlanganyela hi xitalo eka dyondzo kumbe entirhweni loko miako yi ri ni swirhendzevutana ni miako leyi fikelelaka. Handle ka switirhisiwa leswi, ndhawu leyi vonakaka yi nga hundzuka xihinga eka ku hlanganyela. Hikwalaho ndzawulo ya rihanyo yi hlamusela vulema tanihi lebyi humaka eka ku tirhisana exikarhi ka swiyimo swa rihanyo na swilo swa mbango na swa munhu hi xiyexe. Vulema i xiphemu xa ntumbuluko xa ku hambana ka vanhu naswona byi khumba xiphemu lexikulu xa vaaki va misava. Mhaka leyikulu a hi ku tsandzeka ka munhu ntsena kambe i swihinga leswi vaaki va swi tumbuluxaka kumbe ku tsandzeka ku swi susa. Tindhawu leti fikelelaka, dyondzo leyi katsaka hinkwavo, swivandlanene swo ringana swa mintirho, nhlayiso wa rihanyo lowu faneleke, na ku xixima timfanelo ta ximunhu swi nga endla leswaku vanhu lava nga na vulema va nghenelela hi ku hetiseka eka vaaki. Vanhu leri katsaka hinkwavo hi ntiyiso i leri eka rona vanhu lava nga na vulema va khomiwaka hi xindzhuti na ku ringana na ku va na minkarhi leyi nga na nhlamuselo yo tiendlela swihlawulekisi swa vona, ku hoxa xandla eka miganga ya vona, na ku tiphina hi timfanelo ta vona. Hilaha Nhlangano wa Matiko na ndzawulo ya rihanyo va kandziyisaka hakona, ku katsa vanhu lava lamaleke i swa nkoka ku fikelela ku ringana, ku ringana ka rihanyo, na nhluvukiso lowu nga heriki.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Implementing the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD)|url=https://doi.org/10.1163/2210-7975_hrd-9992-2015011|accessdate=2026-09-17|website=Human Rights Documents Online}}</ref> '''SWIHLOVO LESWITIRHISIWEKE''' <references /> fy5jtqbz1pxmz0kzag07eesnan0xrp2 42289 42288 2026-09-17T10:36:11Z Hlaisani 12522 ndzi ngeterile xifanisa 42289 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:A Demonstration of Disabled People June2018 4.jpg|thumb|munhu wo tsandzeka ku famba]] '''XILEMA''' Vulema i mhaka ya nkoka ya ntshamiseko, rihanyo, na timfanelo ta ximunhu leyi khumbaka vanhu etikweni rin’wana na rin’wana na muganga. Vanhu lava nga na vulema i vanhu lava nga ha vaka na ku tsandzeka ka miri, ku twa, ka miehleketo, kumbe ka ntivo-miehleketo loku, kun’we na swihinga eka ndhawu ya vona, swi nga khumbaka ku nghenelela ka vona hi ku hetiseka eka vaaki. Ntwanano wa Nhlangano wa Matiko wa Timfanelo ta Vanhu lava nga na Vulema wu kandziyisa leswaku vulema byi fanele ku twisisiwa hi ku ya hi ku ringana, xindzhuti, ku nghenelela, na timfanelo ta ximunhu.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Krahn |first=Gloria L. |date=2011-07 |title=WHO World Report on Disability: A review |url=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dhjo.2011.05.001 |journal=Disability and Health Journal |volume=4 |issue=3 |pages=141–142 |doi=10.1016/j.dhjo.2011.05.001 |issn=1936-6574}}</ref> Vulema byi nga teka swivumbeko swo tala. Swi nga katsa vulema bya miri, ku tsandzeka ku vona kumbe ku twa, vulema bya miehleketo Vanhu va nga velekiwa va ri na vulema kumbe va byi kuma endzhaku ka vutomi hikwalaho ka mavabyi, ku vaviseka, ku dyuhala, kumbe swiyimo swin'wana. Xa nkoka, vulema a byi bohiwi ntsena hi xiyimo xa rihanyo ra munhu. Ntivo-mbango na wona wu hoxa xandla swinene. Hi xikombiso, munhu loyi a tirhisaka xitulu xa lava lamaleke a nga ha swi kota ku hlanganyela hi xitalo eka dyondzo kumbe entirhweni loko miako yi ri ni swirhendzevutana ni miako leyi fikelelaka. Handle ka switirhisiwa leswi, ndhawu leyi vonakaka yi nga hundzuka xihinga eka ku hlanganyela. Hikwalaho ndzawulo ya rihanyo yi hlamusela vulema tanihi lebyi humaka eka ku tirhisana exikarhi ka swiyimo swa rihanyo na swilo swa mbango na swa munhu hi xiyexe. Vulema i xiphemu xa ntumbuluko xa ku hambana ka vanhu naswona byi khumba xiphemu lexikulu xa vaaki va misava. Mhaka leyikulu a hi ku tsandzeka ka munhu ntsena kambe i swihinga leswi vaaki va swi tumbuluxaka kumbe ku tsandzeka ku swi susa. Tindhawu leti fikelelaka, dyondzo leyi katsaka hinkwavo, swivandlanene swo ringana swa mintirho, nhlayiso wa rihanyo lowu faneleke, na ku xixima timfanelo ta ximunhu swi nga endla leswaku vanhu lava nga na vulema va nghenelela hi ku hetiseka eka vaaki. Vanhu leri katsaka hinkwavo hi ntiyiso i leri eka rona vanhu lava nga na vulema va khomiwaka hi xindzhuti na ku ringana na ku va na minkarhi leyi nga na nhlamuselo yo tiendlela swihlawulekisi swa vona, ku hoxa xandla eka miganga ya vona, na ku tiphina hi timfanelo ta vona. Hilaha Nhlangano wa Matiko na ndzawulo ya rihanyo va kandziyisaka hakona, ku katsa vanhu lava lamaleke i swa nkoka ku fikelela ku ringana, ku ringana ka rihanyo, na nhluvukiso lowu nga heriki.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Implementing the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD)|url=https://doi.org/10.1163/2210-7975_hrd-9992-2015011|accessdate=2026-09-17|website=Human Rights Documents Online}}</ref> '''SWIHLOVO LESWITIRHISIWEKE''' <references /> 9zvqckd5u2neohltxb6fhj7b43p3zx0 0 8086 42290 2026-09-17T11:42:34Z Hlaisani 12522 Ndzi tumbuluxe swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke 42290 wikitext text/x-wiki '''MHALAMHALA''' Mhalamhala i xin’wana xa swichayachayana swa vuyimbeleri swa khale swinene ni leswi tivekaka swinene emisaveni. Yi wela eka ndyangu wa swichayachayana swa koporo naswona yi tiveka hi mpfumawulo wa yona wo vangama, wa matimba ni lowu kombisaka. Timhalamhala ti tirhisiwa eka switayele swo tala swo hambana-hambana swa vuyimbeleri, ku katsa ni vuyimbeleri bya xikhale, jaze ti- machinngi bande, vuyimbeleri bya masocha, vuyimbeleri lebyi dumeke ni vuyimbeleri bya ndhavuko. Ematin’wini hinkwawo, mhalamhala yi hluvukile ku suka eka xichayachayana xo olova xo nyika swikombiso yi va xichayachayana xa vuyimbeleri lexi rharhanganeke lexi kotaka ku humesa tinotsi to hambana-hambana ni swikombiso swa vuyimbeleri.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=1952-12 |title=Encyclopaedia Britannica Art Films |url=https://doi.org/10.2307/3184179 |journal=Art Education |volume=5 |issue=6 |pages=18 |doi=10.2307/3184179 |issn=0004-3125}}</ref> Mhalamhala i ya nkoka ku nga ri ntsena hikwalaho ka matimu ya yona yo leha kambe ni hikwalaho ka ku cinca-cinca ka yona. Yi nga tlanga swichayachayana swa matimba, tinsimu to olova, tindzimana ta ncincancincano wa tindzimi ni ti solo leti endliweke hi ku tisungulela. Mpfumawulo wa yona wo hlawuleka wu pfumelela ku humelela eka mintlawa leyikulu na mintlawa leyitsongo.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Turquette |first=Atwell R. |date=1958-03 |title=Max Black. Abstract and abstraction. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc., Chicago-London-Toronto1956, Vol. 1, pp. 67–68; also Max Black. <i>Abstract and abstraction. <b>Encyclopaedia Britannica</b></i>, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc., Chicago-London-Toronto 1957, Vol. 1, pp. 67–68. |url=https://doi.org/10.2307/2964454 |journal=Journal of Symbolic Logic |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=22–29 |doi=10.2307/2964454 |issn=0022-4812}}</ref> Xichayachayana lexi xi tlhele xi tlanga xiave xa nkoka eku hluvukiseni ka mindhavuko yo hambana ya vuyimbeleri. Kusuka eka minkhuvo ya khale kuya eka jazz ya manguva lawa, vuyimbeleri bya okhestra, vuyimbeleri lebyi dumeke, na ti marching bands, mhalamhala yi toloverile ku cinca ka mindhavuko ya vuyimbeleri loko yi ri karhi yi hlayisa vumunhu bya yona byo hlawuleka.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Search The Collection - The Metropolitan Museum of Art|url=https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search?|url-status=live|accessdate=2026-09-17|website=The Metropolitan Museum of Art|language=en}}</ref> Mhalamhala yi ni matimu yo leha ni lama tsakisaka lama sukelaka eka swichayachayana swa khale swa swikombiso ku ya eka xichayachayana xa manguva lawa lexi rharhanganeke lexi tirhisiwaka namuntlha. Ku tumbuluxiwa ka tivalvu ku ndlandlamuxe swinene ku koteka ka yona ka vuyimbeleri, ku pfumelela vatlangi ku tlanga tinsimu hi swilotlelo swo hambana hambana. Namuntlha, mhalamhala yi tshama yi ri xichayachayana xa nkoka eka vuyimbeleri bya xikhale,jeze, ti machingis bende, minkhuvo ya masocha, vuyimbeleri lebyi dumeke, na dyondzo. Mpfumawulo wa yona wa matimba, ku cinca-cinca ka yona ka vutshila ni ku kota ku kombisa swilo swi endle leswaku yi va xin’wana xa swichayachayana swa koporo leswi xiyekaka swinene ematin’wini ya vuyimbeleri.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Brady |first=Sophie A. |date=2019 |title=Review: International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP) |url=https://doi.org/10.1525/jams.2019.72.3.920 |journal=Journal of the American Musicological Society |volume=72 |issue=3 |pages=920–935 |doi=10.1525/jams.2019.72.3.920 |issn=0003-0139}}</ref> '''SWIHLOVO LESWI TIRHISIWEKE''' <references responsive /> of3q8asgzh5o9ackc8sdlaej6lfbgzq 42291 42290 2026-09-17T11:51:44Z Hlaisani 12522 ndzi ngeterile xifaniso 42291 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Trompette - corps.JPG|thumb|mhalamhala ya maguva lawa]] '''MHALAMHALA''' Mhalamhala i xin’wana xa swichayachayana swa vuyimbeleri swa khale swinene ni leswi tivekaka swinene emisaveni. Yi wela eka ndyangu wa swichayachayana swa koporo naswona yi tiveka hi mpfumawulo wa yona wo vangama, wa matimba ni lowu kombisaka. Timhalamhala ti tirhisiwa eka switayele swo tala swo hambana-hambana swa vuyimbeleri, ku katsa ni vuyimbeleri bya xikhale, jaze ti- machinngi bande, vuyimbeleri bya masocha, vuyimbeleri lebyi dumeke ni vuyimbeleri bya ndhavuko. Ematin’wini hinkwawo, mhalamhala yi hluvukile ku suka eka xichayachayana xo olova xo nyika swikombiso yi va xichayachayana xa vuyimbeleri lexi rharhanganeke lexi kotaka ku humesa tinotsi to hambana-hambana ni swikombiso swa vuyimbeleri.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=1952-12 |title=Encyclopaedia Britannica Art Films |url=https://doi.org/10.2307/3184179 |journal=Art Education |volume=5 |issue=6 |pages=18 |doi=10.2307/3184179 |issn=0004-3125}}</ref> Mhalamhala i ya nkoka ku nga ri ntsena hikwalaho ka matimu ya yona yo leha kambe ni hikwalaho ka ku cinca-cinca ka yona. Yi nga tlanga swichayachayana swa matimba, tinsimu to olova, tindzimana ta ncincancincano wa tindzimi ni ti solo leti endliweke hi ku tisungulela. Mpfumawulo wa yona wo hlawuleka wu pfumelela ku humelela eka mintlawa leyikulu na mintlawa leyitsongo.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Turquette |first=Atwell R. |date=1958-03 |title=Max Black. Abstract and abstraction. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc., Chicago-London-Toronto1956, Vol. 1, pp. 67–68; also Max Black. <i>Abstract and abstraction. <b>Encyclopaedia Britannica</b></i>, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc., Chicago-London-Toronto 1957, Vol. 1, pp. 67–68. |url=https://doi.org/10.2307/2964454 |journal=Journal of Symbolic Logic |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=22–29 |doi=10.2307/2964454 |issn=0022-4812}}</ref> Xichayachayana lexi xi tlhele xi tlanga xiave xa nkoka eku hluvukiseni ka mindhavuko yo hambana ya vuyimbeleri. Kusuka eka minkhuvo ya khale kuya eka jazz ya manguva lawa, vuyimbeleri bya okhestra, vuyimbeleri lebyi dumeke, na ti marching bands, mhalamhala yi toloverile ku cinca ka mindhavuko ya vuyimbeleri loko yi ri karhi yi hlayisa vumunhu bya yona byo hlawuleka.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Search The Collection - The Metropolitan Museum of Art|url=https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search?|url-status=live|accessdate=2026-09-17|website=The Metropolitan Museum of Art|language=en}}</ref> Mhalamhala yi ni matimu yo leha ni lama tsakisaka lama sukelaka eka swichayachayana swa khale swa swikombiso ku ya eka xichayachayana xa manguva lawa lexi rharhanganeke lexi tirhisiwaka namuntlha. Ku tumbuluxiwa ka tivalvu ku ndlandlamuxe swinene ku koteka ka yona ka vuyimbeleri, ku pfumelela vatlangi ku tlanga tinsimu hi swilotlelo swo hambana hambana. Namuntlha, mhalamhala yi tshama yi ri xichayachayana xa nkoka eka vuyimbeleri bya xikhale,jeze, ti machingis bende, minkhuvo ya masocha, vuyimbeleri lebyi dumeke, na dyondzo. Mpfumawulo wa yona wa matimba, ku cinca-cinca ka yona ka vutshila ni ku kota ku kombisa swilo swi endle leswaku yi va xin’wana xa swichayachayana swa koporo leswi xiyekaka swinene ematin’wini ya vuyimbeleri.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Brady |first=Sophie A. |date=2019 |title=Review: International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP) |url=https://doi.org/10.1525/jams.2019.72.3.920 |journal=Journal of the American Musicological Society |volume=72 |issue=3 |pages=920–935 |doi=10.1525/jams.2019.72.3.920 |issn=0003-0139}}</ref> '''SWIHLOVO LESWI TIRHISIWEKE''' <references responsive /> 5witg9io862mmk6czcvmtjhh6g3ii0v