Wikipedia tswiki https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tlukankulu MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.21 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 2078 42626 41561 2026-09-25T21:43:18Z Mabundaxiluva 12530 Created by translating the section "Economy" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1375439630|South Africa]]" 42626 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Tiko |name = Riphabliki ya Afrika Dzonga |mujeko = Flag of South Africa.svg |coa = Coat of arms of South Africa (heraldic).svg |image = [[File:LocationSouthAfrica.png|250px]] |Ntsindza = Pretoria |official_languages = [[Xitsonga]] |area = 1 219 912 |population = 54 956 900 |year = 2015 |density = 40,4 }} '''Riphabliki ya Afrika-Dzonga''' (leyi tiviwaka hi mavito-ximfumo man'wana) i tiko leri nge Dzongeni ra tikonkulu [[Afrika]]. Ribuwa ra Afrika-Dzonga ri fikela kwalomu ka 2798 km <ref name="samsa-main">{{cite web|url=https://www.samsa.org.za/|title=South African Maritime Safety Authority|publisher=South African Maritime Safety Authority|accessdate=2008-06-16|archive-date=2008-05-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511165346/http://www.samsa.org.za/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> <ref name="cia-factbook-coastlines">{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2060.html|title=World Factbook - Coastline|publisher=[[CIA]]|accessdate=2008-06-16|archive-date=2017-07-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170716042040/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2060.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref> hi kuleha naswona ri hambanisa malwandle ya Atlantic na Indian Ocean. <ref name=safacts>{{cite web|url = http://www.southafrica.info/about/facts.htm|title = South Africa Fast Facts|publisher = SouthAfrica.info|date = April 2007|accessdate = 2008-06-14|archive-date = 2008-07-19|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080719213531/http://www.southafrica.info/about/facts.htm|dead-url = yes}}</ref> Kuya en'walungu wa Afrika-Dzonga laha ku nga na; [[Namibia]], [[Botswana]], [[Zimbabwe]], [[Mozambique|Mozambhiki]] na [[Swaziland]], kasi [[Lesotho|Mfumo wa Lesotho]] i tiko leri ti yimeleka leri rhendzeriweke hi Afrika-Dzonga. Tiko ra Afrika-Dzonga ri na swifundza swa nkaye kunga: [[Limpopo]]; [[Mpumalanga]]; [[Gauteng]]; [[N'walungu-Vupela dyambu]]; [[Kapa-N'walungu]]; [[Kapa-Vupela dyambu]]; [[Kapa-Vuxa dyambu]]; [[Kwazulu Natala]] na [[Frestata]]. <ref name="britannica-lesotho"> {{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9113829/LESOTHO |title=Encyclopædia Britannica Online |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.}}</ref> Vanhu va ake e Afrika-Dzonga ku ringana kwalomu ka malembe ya dzana ra magidi yamalembe (100,000). <ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.southafrica.info/about/history/history.htm|title = A Short History of South Africa|accessdate = 2008-06-14|publisher = SouthAfrica.info|archive-date = 2008-05-17|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080517150006/http://www.southafrica.info/about/history/history.htm|dead-url = yes}}</ref> Hambiswiritano, ku thumbhiwa ka ntila wa le lwandle lowu hundzaka hi le Kapa, nkomponi ya Madachi na le vuxeni bya [[Indiya]] ma akile xitichi xo wisa endzhawini leyi nga hetelela yi vitiwa Kapa (Cape Town) hi lembe ra 1652. <ref name="wcupa-courses">{{cite web |url=https://courses.wcupa.edu/jones/his311/timeline/t-19saf.htm |title=African History Timeline |publisher=West Chester University of Pennsylvania |access-date=2008-09-01 |archive-date=2009-01-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090107070748/https://courses.wcupa.edu/jones/his311/timeline/t-19saf.htm |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Kapa rivile e hansi ka vukolonyi bya manghezi hi lembe ra 1806. Vu vutla-tiko by matiko ya yuropa byi sungule ku ndlandlamuka kwalomu ka malembe ya 1820 loko Mabunu <ref> '''In English''':The Boers, lava akuri Madachi(Dutch people), Majarimani(German people) na Mafurhwa(French people) </ref> na manghezi Vavutli va 1820 va koxa tiko ra le nwalungu na le vuxa-dyambu by tiko. Mikwetlembetano e xikarhi ka vaakatiko vosungula, maXhosa na maZulu, na va vutla-tiko va yuropa hi loko yi sungula. Hambiswiritano ku thumbhiwa, ka dayimani endzhaku nsuku hiswona leswi sunguleke nyimpi ya mabunu na manghezi laha va lweleke ku lawula mfuwo wa swi celwa swa tiko ra Afrika-Dzonga. Hambileswi mabunu ma hluriweke, Afrika-Dzonga yi kumile vutiyimeri byo ringanisela e hansi ka Britaniya hi lembe ra 1910. Mafambisele ya mfumo lawa ama ala manghezi, ma tiyisise vonele ra ku ti yimela loku heleleke loku fikeleriweke hi lembe ra 1961 loko '''Afrika-Dzonga yi endliwa Rhiphabliki'''. Ntlawa lowu rhangeleke wa National Party wu yimise nawu wo yisa emahlweni ku hlawula hi rixaka lowu sunguriweke hi ma Dachi (lowu tiviweke hi ra ''apartheid''), e henhla ka nkaneto lowu veke kona endzeni na le handle ka tiko. Hilembe ra 1990 phresidenti ya nkarhi wolowo F.W. de Klerk yi sungule ku herisa nawu lowu, naswona hi lembe ra 1994 nhlawulo wo sungula wa xi Demokrasi wu endliwile e Afrika-Dzonga. Nhlawulo wolowo wu nyikile [[Nelson Mandela]] na ntlawa lowu fumaka, wa [[African National Congress]] (ANC) matimba yo fuma. Afrika-Dzonga yi tiveka hi ku hambana-hambana ka tinxaka, tindzimi ta khume-nwe ta ximfumo leti tivekaka na [[nawu nkulu wa tiko]]. <ref name="safacts" /> Xinghezi xi vulavuriwa ngopfu eAfrika-Dzonga eka timhaka ta ximfumo na mabinzu, hambiswiri tano i ririmi ra vunthlanu leri vulavuriwaka e mindyangwini. <ref name="safacts" /> Afrika -Dzonga ri ni ku hambanahambana ka tinxaka, laha ku nga ni miganga yo tala ya vanhu va nhlonge ya [[Vantima va Afrika-Dzonga|ntima]], yo [[Vanhu vo Basa va Afrika-Dzonga|Basa]], [[Makula va Afrika-Dzonga|Makula]], na [[Makhaladi]] eAfrika hinkwayo. Hambi leswi kwalomu ka 79.6 wa tiphesete ta nthsungu xa vanhu eAfrika-Dzonga kunga vanhu va ntima, exikarhi ka lembe ra 2015, nstengo wa xitshungu xa Afrika-Dzonga a wuri kwalomu ka 54.9&nbsp;wa&nbsp;timilliyoni. == Swikombo swa le handle == * [[Portal:Africa|Nyangwa-nkulu wa Afrika]] * [http://www.info.gov.za/aboutgovt/symbols/coa/tsonga.htm Tluka ra Hulumende wa Afrika-Dzonga Hi Xitsonga] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081203120752/http://www.info.gov.za/aboutgovt/symbols/coa/tsonga.htm |date=2008-12-03 }} == Tibuku leti tirhisiweke == {{reflist|2}} {{Commons}} {{Afrika}} [[Category:Afrika-Dzonga]] [[Category:Afrika]] == Econmy == [[File:Johannesburg_Skyline.jpg|thumb| [[Joni]], ntsindza wa ikhonomi wa Afrika Dzonga na ntsindza wa timali wa tikonkulu <ref>{{Cite web|last=Recouso|first=Alex|date=2026-07-07|title=Top 25 Wealthiest Cities in Africa in 2026|url=https://citizenx.com/insights/richest-cities-africa|accessdate=2026-08-13|website=citizenx.com|language=en}}</ref>]] Afrika Dzonga yina ikhonomi yo hlangana leyi tivekaka hi sekithara leyikulu ya vukorhokeri, xisekelo xa tiindasitiri to hambana na switirhisiwa swa ntumbuluko swo tala . I ikhonomi leyikulu swinene eAfrika naswona yi tiviwa ngopfu tani hi tiko ra tikonkulu leringa na ti indasitiri, leri nga emahlweni hi thekinoloji na ku hambana. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-01-26|title=South Africa - Market Overview|url=https://www.trade.gov/knowledge-product/exporting-south-africa-market-overview|accessdate=2025-07-23|website=www.trade.gov|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Economy|url=https://dirco.gov.za/paris/economy/|accessdate=2025-07-23|website=South African Embassy Paris, France|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=9 August 2013|title=African Countries of the Future 2013/14|url=http://www.fdiintelligence.com/Locations/Middle-East-Africa/African-Countries-of-the-Future-2013-14|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131211072835/http://www.fdiintelligence.com/Locations/Middle-East-Africa/African-Countries-of-the-Future-2013-14|archive-date=11 December 2013|accessdate=4 December 2013|publisher=fDiIntelligence.com}}</ref> Ku sukela hi 2026, Afrika Dzonga ri na vuhumelerisi bya le kaya bya xiviri (GDP) lebyi tlulaka US$450 wa tibiliyoni, leswi endlaka leswaku ri va ikhonomi yavu 39 hi vukulu emisaveni hinkwayo na yin’wana ya ti GDP ta le henhla hi munhu eka Afrika yale dzongeni wa Sahara. Rand ya Afrika Dzonga (ZAR) i mali leyi xavisiwaka ngopfu eAfrika, <ref>{{Cite web|last=Agency|first=Content Works|last2=Charlotte|date=2025-02-19|title=Forex Trading in Africa - A 2025 Outlook|url=https://contentworks.agency/forex-trading-in-africa-a-2025-outlook/|accessdate=2025-07-12|website=Contentworks|language=en-US}}</ref> kasi Joni Stock Exchange (JSE) i bindzu lerikulu ra switoko swa tikonkulu naswona ri le xikarhi ka 20 lowukulu emisaveni hinkwayo hiku ya hi makete . <ref name=":12">{{Cite web|title=JSE Trading Hours & Market Holidays [2023]|url=https://www.tradinghours.com/markets/jse|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326195115/https://www.tradinghours.com/markets/jse|archive-date=26 March 2023|accessdate=2023-03-26|website=www.tradinghours.com}}</ref> Afrika Dzonga hi rona ntsena xirho xa Afrika xa G20 naswona i xirho xa BRICS . <ref>{{Cite web|title=South Africa's membership of BRICS has tangible benefits for South Africans|url=https://www.thedtic.gov.za/wp-content/uploads/BRICS-Benefits-to-South-Africa.pdf|website=The Department of Trade Industry and Competition}}</ref> Hi 2023, Afrika Dzonga ri ve eka xiyimo xa vu 106 eka Xikombiso xa Nhluvukiso wa Vanhu (HDI), leswi ri vekaka eka xiyenge xa nhluvukiso wale henhla wa vanhu. <ref name="2022 components3">{{Cite book |date=6 May 2025 |title=Human Development Report 2025 - A matter of choice: People and possibilities in the age of AI |url=https://hdr.undp.org/content/human-development-report-2025 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme |isbn= |publication-date=6 May 2025 |pages= |access-date=6 May 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250506064128/https://hdr.undp.org/content/human-development-report-2025 |archive-date=6 May 2025}}</ref> Vatirhi va yona va ve kwalomu ka 27.8 wa timiliyoni hi 2024, ku nga va 26 hi vukulu emisaveni hinkwayo. <ref>{{Cite web|title=The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/labor-force/country-comparison|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109162525/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/labor-force/country-comparison/|archive-date=January 9, 2021|accessdate=2018-07-15|website=www.cia.gov|language=en}}</ref> Hambi leswi ri nga na nhluvukiso wa ikhonomi, Afrika Dzonga ri ya emahlweni ri langutane na ku pfumaleka ka mintirho lokukulu, vusweti lebyi hangalakeke na ku nga ringani lokukulu ka miholo, <ref>{{Cite web|date=28 September 2009|title=South Africa has highest gap between rich and poor|url=http://www.iol.co.za/business/business-news/south-africa-has-widest-gap-between-rich-and-poor-1.707558|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111023162404/http://www.iol.co.za/business/business-news/south-africa-has-widest-gap-between-rich-and-poor-1.707558|archive-date=23 October 2011|accessdate=7 November 2010|publisher=Business Report}}</ref> <ref name="worldbank-poverty2">{{Cite web|title="World Bank": South Africa|url=https://databankfiles.worldbank.org/public/ddpext_download/poverty/33EF03BB-9722-4AE2-ABC7-AA2972D68AFE/Global_POVEQ_ZAF.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230420193850/https://databankfiles.worldbank.org/public/ddpext_download/poverty/33EF03BB-9722-4AE2-ABC7-AA2972D68AFE/Global_POVEQ_ZAF.pdf|archive-date=20 April 2023|accessdate=7 April 2023}}</ref> hi mpimo waku pfumaleka ka mintirho wa ximfumo wa 33.6% ku sukela eka kotara ya vumbirhi ya 2026. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Quarterly Labour Force Survey (QLFS) – Q2: 2026|url=https://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=19804|accessdate=2026-08-13|website=www.statssa.gov.za}}</ref> Kwalomu ka 23 wa timiliyoni ta vanhu (37.9% wa vaaki) va hanya ehansi ka mpimo wale hansi wa vusweti, <ref>{{Cite web|title=Poverty Trends in South Africa: An examination of absolute poverty between 2006 and 2023|url=https://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=19078|accessdate=2026-08-13|website=www.statssa.gov.za}}</ref> kasi 10.8 wa timiliyoni va hanya ehansi ka mpimo wa vusweti bya swakudya, <ref name=":0" /> naswona tiko ri tshama ri karhi ri rhekhoda yin’wana ya tikhoyifisiyense tale henhla ta Gini emisaveni . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Distribution of family income – Gini index|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2172.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070613005439/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2172.html|archive-date=13 June 2007|accessdate=26 June 2013|publisher=Cia.gov}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=4 November 2010|title=Inequality in income or expenditure / Gini index, Human Development Report 2007/08|url=http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/indicators/161.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116234423/http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/indicators/161.html|archive-date=16 January 2013|accessdate=26 June 2013|publisher=Hdrstats.undp.org}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=INEQUALITY IN SOUTHERN AFRICA: AN ASSESSMENT OF THE SOUTHERN AFRICAN CUSTOMS UNION|url=https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099125003072240961/pdf/P1649270b73f1f0b5093fb0e644d33bc6f1.pdf|website=World Bank Group}}</ref> Afrika Dzonga i tiko lerikulu ra mabindzu, rile xikarhi ka matiko ya 50 lamakulu yaku xavisela matiko mambe naku xavisela matiko mambe emisaveni hinkwayo. Swixavisiwa swa yona leswikulu swikatsa timinerali, tinsimbi ta risima, mimovha, michini, switirhisiwa swa vurimi na nhundzu leyi endliweke. <ref name="factbook2222">{{Cite web|title=South Africa|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/south-africa/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110042951/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/south-africa|archive-date=10 January 2021|accessdate=23 January 2021|website=The World Factbook|publisher=CIA}}</ref> Kusukela hi 2026, timakete ta yona letikulu ta ku xaviseriwa matiko yale handle i [[Chayina|China]] (12.5%), [[Amerikha|United States]] (7.7%), [[Jarimani|Germany]] (7.4%), [[Japani|Japan]] (5.6%) na [[United Kingdom]] (4.0%), kasi swihlovo swa yona leswikulu swo xavisa i China (22.7%), [[Indiya|India]] (12.2%), [[Nayjeriya|Nigeria]] (6.8%), United States (6.3%) na Germany (5.7%). <ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-02-03 |title=Trade Statistics {{!}} South African Revenue Service |url=https://www.sars.gov.za/customs-and-excise/trade-statistics/ |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20260724083041/https://www.sars.gov.za/customs-and-excise/trade-statistics/ |archive-date=2026-07-24 |access-date=2026-08-12 |work=South African Revenue Service |language=en-US}}</ref> Hi 2025, ku xaviseriwa matiko mambe ku endle kwalomu ka 31.4% wa GDP. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) - South Africa|url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.EXP.GNFS.ZS?end=2025&locations=ZA&start=2025|website=World Bank Group}}</ref> Afrika Dzonga i tiko leri nga na tiindasitiri tale henhla leri nga na xiyenge xa tiindasitiri xo hambana swinene xa Afrika. <ref>{{Cite web|last=Research|first=Bonafide|date=2026-05-31|title=South Africa Motion Control Market Overview, 2031|url=https://www.bonafideresearch.com/product/6605687117/south-africa-motion-control-market|accessdate=2026-07-09|website=Bonafide Research|language=en}}</ref> Indasitiri yi endle kwalomu ka 24% wa GDP hi 2024, laha vumaki byi hoxeke xandla kwalomu ka 13% naswona byi le ka xiyimo xavu 40 emisaveni hinkwayo hi vuhumelerisi. <ref name="econ-jobless">{{Cite news |title=South Africa, Jobless growth – The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/special-report/2010/06/05/jobless-growth |work=[[The Economist]]}}</ref> Tiindasitiri letikulu ti katsa ku aka, mimovha, tikhemikhali, nsimbi, michini, swakudya leswi lulamisiweke, swiambalo na switirhisiwa swa masocha. Tiko ri tlhela riva na tiindasitiri to aka swikepe na swa swihahampfhuka, hiku kongomisa swinene eka swikumiwa leswi fambelanaka na vusirheleri. <ref>{{Cite web|last=Bhala|first=Sachin|date=2021-11-08|title=Adcorp - The biggest industrial sectors in South Africa and why employment within these sectors keeps them going|url=https://www.adcorpgroup.com/stories/news/the-biggest-industrial-sectors-in-south-africa-and-why-employment-within-these-sectors-keeps-them-going/|accessdate=2026-07-09|website=Adcorp|language=en-ZA}}</ref> Mabindzu ya mfumo, ku katsa Eskom, Transnet na Denel, na wona ya tlanga xiave eka ikhonomi ya tiindasitiri, ngopfu eka swiyenge swa eneji, vutleketli na vusirheleri. Endzeni ka vumaki, bindzu ra timovha i xiphemu lexikulu. Ford yi pfule ndhawu yo sungula yo hlanganisa swilo etikweni hi 1924, yi landzeriwa hi General Motors hi 1926. <ref>{{Cite web|last=Labuschagne|first=Hanno|title=All the cars made in South Africa|url=https://mybroadband.co.za/news/motoring/494681-all-the-cars-made-in-south-africa.html|accessdate=2026-09-17|language=en-ZA}}</ref> Vaendli van’wana va matiko ya misava endzhaku ka sweswo va simeke matirhelo yo hlanganisa etikweni, ku katsa na [[Toyota]], Volkswagen, BMW, Mercedes Benz na Nissan . Afrika Dzonga i muhumelerisi lonkulu wa timovha eAfrika, ri humesa kwalomu ka 600,000 wa timovha hi lembe, <ref>{{Cite web|title=Automotive - BDO|url=https://www.bdo.co.za/en-za/industries/consumer-markets/automotive|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250718132112/https://www.bdo.co.za/en-za/industries/consumer-markets/automotive|archive-date=2025-07-18|accessdate=2025-11-05|website=www.bdo.co.za|language=en-ZA}}</ref> laha ku xaviseriwa matiko mambe ku endlaka kwalomu ka mbirhi xa nharhu xa vuhumelerisi bya laha kaya. <ref>{{Cite web|title=naamsa {{!}} Automotive exports surge 19% to new highs|url=https://naamsa.net/automotive-exports-surge-19-to-new-highs/|accessdate=2025-07-11|language=en-ZA}}</ref> Vukorhokeri byi endlile 63.1% wa GDP ya eAfrika Dzonga hi 2025 naswona byi katsa indasitiri ya vukorhokeri bya swa timali leyi hluvukisiweke kahle. <ref>{{Cite web|title=World Bank Open Data|url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NV.SRV.TOTL.ZS?locations=ZA|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20251104141608/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NV.SRV.TOTL.ZS?locations=ZA|archive-date=2025-11-04|accessdate=2026-09-16|website=World Bank Open Data}}</ref> Joni i ntsindza wa swa timali lowu rhangelaka eAfrika naswona i kaya ra JSE, <ref>{{Cite web|date=2025-04-15|title=Top 10 Stock Exchange Markets in Africa 2025|url=https://www.africanexponent.com/top-10-stock-exchange-markets-in-africa-2025-2/|accessdate=2025-09-07|website=The African Exponent|language=en}}</ref> kasi mali ya makete wa switoko ya Afrika Dzonga yi fikelele kwalomu ka US$1.53 wa tibiliyoni hi 2026, yiri eka xiyimo xa vu 16 emisaveni hinkwayo. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Market capitalization of listed domestic companies (current US$)|url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/CM.MKT.LCAP.CD|accessdate=2024-06-16|website=World Bank}}</ref> Vuxavisi na byona i bya nkoka, laha tiko leri nga na nhlayo ya vutsevu hi vukulu emisaveni hinkwayo ya tisenthara ta mavhengele . <ref>{{Cite web|last=Africa|first=FASA Franchise Association South|date=2018-10-16|title=Survey shows SA has the sixth most shopping centre space in the world|url=https://www.fasa.co.za/survey-shows-sa-has-the-sixth-most-shopping-centre-space-in-the-world/|accessdate=2025-07-20|website=Franchise Association South Africa|language=en-ZA}}</ref> Vukorhokeri byin’wana lebyikulu byi katsa vuxavisi bya tindlu na misava, vuhlanganisi bya riqingho na vukorhokeri bya mabindzu, laha Cape Town yi tirhaka tanihi ntsindza wa thekinoloji lowu rhangelaka eka tikonkulu ra Afrika. <ref>{{Cite web|last=Ashiru|first=Grace|date=2025-04-27|title=Cape Town: Africa's Tech Hub on the Rise|url=https://www.techinafrica.com/cape-town-africas-tech-hub-on-the-rise/|accessdate=2026-09-17|website=Tech In Africa|language=en-US}}</ref> Tikhamphani ta Afrika Dzonga ti humelela swinene exikarhi ka mabindzu ya nkoka swinene ya Afrika, ku katsa AngloGold Ashanti, Gold Fields, Impala Platinum, Naspers, MTN, Vodacom, Sanlam, Sasol, FirstRand na Standard Bank . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Africa’s Leading Companies by Market Capitalisation (2026)|url=https://hmarkets.com/blog/africa-largest-companies/|accessdate=2026-08-13|website=Hantec Pages|language=en}}</ref> Mintirho ya vona yi katsa migodi, swa ti mali, vuhlanganisi bya riqingho, ndzindzakhombo, tikhemikhali, vuhangalasi bya mahungu na thekinoloji, laha yo tala yi tirhaka eAfrika hinkwaro na le matikweni ya misava. Eka xiyimo xa ''Mabindzu ya Afrika'' xa 2026, tikhamphani hinkwato ta 20 ta Afrika Dzonga leti xaxametiweke a tiri exikarhi ka tikhamphani ta 30 leti rhangelaka ta Afrika hi nxavo wa makete. <ref>{{Cite web|last=Thomas|first=David|date=2026-05-13|title=Top Companies in South Africa 2026: diversity is a strength|url=https://african.business//2026/05/trade-investment/top-companies-in-south-africa-2026-diversity-is-a-strength|accessdate=2026-09-17|website=African Business|language=en}}</ref> Indasitiri ya migodi yi tshama yi ri xiphemu xa nkoka xa ikhonomi ya Afrika Dzonga, yi hoxa xandla kwalomu ka 6.0% ya GDP hi lembe ra 2024, leswi endlaka leswaku Afrika Dzonga ri va ra vuntlhanu hi vukulu bya ikhonomi ya migodi emisaveni hinkwayo hi ku hoxa xandla eka GDP. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web|title=Critical Minerals and Metals Strategy South Africa 2025|url=https://www.gov.za/sites/default/files/gcis_document/202505/critical-minerals-and-metals-strategy-south-africa-2025.pdf|website=www.gov.za}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=South Africa {{!}} U.S. Geological Survey|url=https://www.usgs.gov/centers/national-minerals-information-center/south-africa|accessdate=2026-09-16|website=www.usgs.gov|language=en}}</ref> Switirhisiwa swa timinerali swi endle kwalomu ka 52% wa nkoka wa ntsengo hikokwalaho ka swixavisiwa swa tiko hi 2025. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Facts and Figures 2025 launch media statement|url=https://www.mineralscouncil.org.za/component/jdownloads/send/146-2026/2617-media-statement-facts-and-figures-2025-launch?Itemid=935|website=Minerals Council SA}}</ref> Hi matimu bindzu leri ri hoxe xandla swinene eka nhluvukiso wa ti indasitiri ta tiko, endzhaku ka ku tshuburiwa ka tidayimani ekusuhi na nambu wa Orange hi 1867 na nsuku eWitwatersrand hi lembe ra 1886. Sekithara leyi ayi lawuriwa hi Ndzawulo ya Minerali na Switirhisiwa swa Petroliyamu, leyi nga na vutihlamuleri eka bindzu ra migodi, ku tirhisiwa ka switirhisiwa swa timinerali na indasitiri ya petroliyamu. <ref name=":6" /> <ref name=":1" /> Afrika Dzonga i rin’wana ra matiko lama rhangelaka eka vahumelerisi va switirhisiwa swa timinerali emisaveni hinkwayo. Hi lembe ra 2024, Afrika Dzonga yi vile na swiphemu leswikulu swa vuhumelerisi bya misava hinkwayo bya timinerali leti ceriweke, ku katsa na platinum (70%), chromium (46%), manganese (40%), palladium (38%), vermiculite (35%), rutile na zircon (22% yin’wana na yin’wana), ilmenite (14%), dayimani ya tiindasitiri (8%), vanadium (7%), industrial garnet na talc (kwalomu ka 5% yin’wana na yin’wana), . fluorspar (4%), na dayimani ya ribye ra risima, nsuku na nsimbi ya(3% yin’wana na yin’wana). <ref name=":6" /> <ref name=":1" /> Afrika Dzonga ri tlhela ri va na vuhlayiselo bya timinerali lebyi nga na nkoka wo tlula US$2.5 trillion, <ref name=":6" /> ku katsa na swiphemu leswikulu swa vuhlayiselo bya misava hinkwayo bya tinsimbi ta ntlawa wa platinum (88%), manganese (80%), chromite (72%), vanadium (32%), zirconium (25%), fluorspar (17%), nsuku (13%), timinerali ta titanium (10%), uranium (5%), na antimoni (2%). <ref name=":6" /> <ref name=":1" /> 8i09fuu545jc6l4kp8h8gdqwnhrponm 42642 42626 2026-09-26T00:01:50Z InternetArchiveBot 7881 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 42642 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Tiko |name = Riphabliki ya Afrika Dzonga |mujeko = Flag of South Africa.svg |coa = Coat of arms of South Africa (heraldic).svg |image = [[File:LocationSouthAfrica.png|250px]] |Ntsindza = Pretoria |official_languages = [[Xitsonga]] |area = 1 219 912 |population = 54 956 900 |year = 2015 |density = 40,4 }} '''Riphabliki ya Afrika-Dzonga''' (leyi tiviwaka hi mavito-ximfumo man'wana) i tiko leri nge Dzongeni ra tikonkulu [[Afrika]]. Ribuwa ra Afrika-Dzonga ri fikela kwalomu ka 2798 km <ref name="samsa-main">{{cite web|url=https://www.samsa.org.za/|title=South African Maritime Safety Authority|publisher=South African Maritime Safety Authority|accessdate=2008-06-16|archive-date=2008-05-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511165346/http://www.samsa.org.za/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> <ref name="cia-factbook-coastlines">{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2060.html|title=World Factbook - Coastline|publisher=[[CIA]]|accessdate=2008-06-16|archive-date=2017-07-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170716042040/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2060.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref> hi kuleha naswona ri hambanisa malwandle ya Atlantic na Indian Ocean. <ref name=safacts>{{cite web|url = http://www.southafrica.info/about/facts.htm|title = South Africa Fast Facts|publisher = SouthAfrica.info|date = April 2007|accessdate = 2008-06-14|archive-date = 2008-07-19|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080719213531/http://www.southafrica.info/about/facts.htm|dead-url = yes}}</ref> Kuya en'walungu wa Afrika-Dzonga laha ku nga na; [[Namibia]], [[Botswana]], [[Zimbabwe]], [[Mozambique|Mozambhiki]] na [[Swaziland]], kasi [[Lesotho|Mfumo wa Lesotho]] i tiko leri ti yimeleka leri rhendzeriweke hi Afrika-Dzonga. Tiko ra Afrika-Dzonga ri na swifundza swa nkaye kunga: [[Limpopo]]; [[Mpumalanga]]; [[Gauteng]]; [[N'walungu-Vupela dyambu]]; [[Kapa-N'walungu]]; [[Kapa-Vupela dyambu]]; [[Kapa-Vuxa dyambu]]; [[Kwazulu Natala]] na [[Frestata]]. <ref name="britannica-lesotho"> {{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9113829/LESOTHO |title=Encyclopædia Britannica Online |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.}}</ref> Vanhu va ake e Afrika-Dzonga ku ringana kwalomu ka malembe ya dzana ra magidi yamalembe (100,000). <ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.southafrica.info/about/history/history.htm|title = A Short History of South Africa|accessdate = 2008-06-14|publisher = SouthAfrica.info|archive-date = 2008-05-17|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080517150006/http://www.southafrica.info/about/history/history.htm|dead-url = yes}}</ref> Hambiswiritano, ku thumbhiwa ka ntila wa le lwandle lowu hundzaka hi le Kapa, nkomponi ya Madachi na le vuxeni bya [[Indiya]] ma akile xitichi xo wisa endzhawini leyi nga hetelela yi vitiwa Kapa (Cape Town) hi lembe ra 1652. <ref name="wcupa-courses">{{cite web |url=https://courses.wcupa.edu/jones/his311/timeline/t-19saf.htm |title=African History Timeline |publisher=West Chester University of Pennsylvania |access-date=2008-09-01 |archive-date=2009-01-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090107070748/https://courses.wcupa.edu/jones/his311/timeline/t-19saf.htm |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Kapa rivile e hansi ka vukolonyi bya manghezi hi lembe ra 1806. Vu vutla-tiko by matiko ya yuropa byi sungule ku ndlandlamuka kwalomu ka malembe ya 1820 loko Mabunu <ref> '''In English''':The Boers, lava akuri Madachi(Dutch people), Majarimani(German people) na Mafurhwa(French people) </ref> na manghezi Vavutli va 1820 va koxa tiko ra le nwalungu na le vuxa-dyambu by tiko. Mikwetlembetano e xikarhi ka vaakatiko vosungula, maXhosa na maZulu, na va vutla-tiko va yuropa hi loko yi sungula. Hambiswiritano ku thumbhiwa, ka dayimani endzhaku nsuku hiswona leswi sunguleke nyimpi ya mabunu na manghezi laha va lweleke ku lawula mfuwo wa swi celwa swa tiko ra Afrika-Dzonga. Hambileswi mabunu ma hluriweke, Afrika-Dzonga yi kumile vutiyimeri byo ringanisela e hansi ka Britaniya hi lembe ra 1910. Mafambisele ya mfumo lawa ama ala manghezi, ma tiyisise vonele ra ku ti yimela loku heleleke loku fikeleriweke hi lembe ra 1961 loko '''Afrika-Dzonga yi endliwa Rhiphabliki'''. Ntlawa lowu rhangeleke wa National Party wu yimise nawu wo yisa emahlweni ku hlawula hi rixaka lowu sunguriweke hi ma Dachi (lowu tiviweke hi ra ''apartheid''), e henhla ka nkaneto lowu veke kona endzeni na le handle ka tiko. Hilembe ra 1990 phresidenti ya nkarhi wolowo F.W. de Klerk yi sungule ku herisa nawu lowu, naswona hi lembe ra 1994 nhlawulo wo sungula wa xi Demokrasi wu endliwile e Afrika-Dzonga. Nhlawulo wolowo wu nyikile [[Nelson Mandela]] na ntlawa lowu fumaka, wa [[African National Congress]] (ANC) matimba yo fuma. Afrika-Dzonga yi tiveka hi ku hambana-hambana ka tinxaka, tindzimi ta khume-nwe ta ximfumo leti tivekaka na [[nawu nkulu wa tiko]]. <ref name="safacts" /> Xinghezi xi vulavuriwa ngopfu eAfrika-Dzonga eka timhaka ta ximfumo na mabinzu, hambiswiri tano i ririmi ra vunthlanu leri vulavuriwaka e mindyangwini. <ref name="safacts" /> Afrika -Dzonga ri ni ku hambanahambana ka tinxaka, laha ku nga ni miganga yo tala ya vanhu va nhlonge ya [[Vantima va Afrika-Dzonga|ntima]], yo [[Vanhu vo Basa va Afrika-Dzonga|Basa]], [[Makula va Afrika-Dzonga|Makula]], na [[Makhaladi]] eAfrika hinkwayo. Hambi leswi kwalomu ka 79.6 wa tiphesete ta nthsungu xa vanhu eAfrika-Dzonga kunga vanhu va ntima, exikarhi ka lembe ra 2015, nstengo wa xitshungu xa Afrika-Dzonga a wuri kwalomu ka 54.9&nbsp;wa&nbsp;timilliyoni. == Swikombo swa le handle == * [[Portal:Africa|Nyangwa-nkulu wa Afrika]] * [http://www.info.gov.za/aboutgovt/symbols/coa/tsonga.htm Tluka ra Hulumende wa Afrika-Dzonga Hi Xitsonga] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081203120752/http://www.info.gov.za/aboutgovt/symbols/coa/tsonga.htm |date=2008-12-03 }} == Tibuku leti tirhisiweke == {{reflist|2}} {{Commons}} {{Afrika}} [[Category:Afrika-Dzonga]] [[Category:Afrika]] == Econmy == [[File:Johannesburg_Skyline.jpg|thumb| [[Joni]], ntsindza wa ikhonomi wa Afrika Dzonga na ntsindza wa timali wa tikonkulu <ref>{{Cite web|last=Recouso|first=Alex|date=2026-07-07|title=Top 25 Wealthiest Cities in Africa in 2026|url=https://citizenx.com/insights/richest-cities-africa|accessdate=2026-08-13|website=citizenx.com|language=en}}</ref>]] Afrika Dzonga yina ikhonomi yo hlangana leyi tivekaka hi sekithara leyikulu ya vukorhokeri, xisekelo xa tiindasitiri to hambana na switirhisiwa swa ntumbuluko swo tala . I ikhonomi leyikulu swinene eAfrika naswona yi tiviwa ngopfu tani hi tiko ra tikonkulu leringa na ti indasitiri, leri nga emahlweni hi thekinoloji na ku hambana. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-01-26|title=South Africa - Market Overview|url=https://www.trade.gov/knowledge-product/exporting-south-africa-market-overview|accessdate=2025-07-23|website=www.trade.gov|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Economy|url=https://dirco.gov.za/paris/economy/|accessdate=2025-07-23|website=South African Embassy Paris, France|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=9 August 2013|title=African Countries of the Future 2013/14|url=http://www.fdiintelligence.com/Locations/Middle-East-Africa/African-Countries-of-the-Future-2013-14|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131211072835/http://www.fdiintelligence.com/Locations/Middle-East-Africa/African-Countries-of-the-Future-2013-14|archive-date=11 December 2013|accessdate=4 December 2013|publisher=fDiIntelligence.com}}</ref> Ku sukela hi 2026, Afrika Dzonga ri na vuhumelerisi bya le kaya bya xiviri (GDP) lebyi tlulaka US$450 wa tibiliyoni, leswi endlaka leswaku ri va ikhonomi yavu 39 hi vukulu emisaveni hinkwayo na yin’wana ya ti GDP ta le henhla hi munhu eka Afrika yale dzongeni wa Sahara. Rand ya Afrika Dzonga (ZAR) i mali leyi xavisiwaka ngopfu eAfrika, <ref>{{Cite web|last=Agency|first=Content Works|last2=Charlotte|date=2025-02-19|title=Forex Trading in Africa - A 2025 Outlook|url=https://contentworks.agency/forex-trading-in-africa-a-2025-outlook/|accessdate=2025-07-12|website=Contentworks|language=en-US}}</ref> kasi Joni Stock Exchange (JSE) i bindzu lerikulu ra switoko swa tikonkulu naswona ri le xikarhi ka 20 lowukulu emisaveni hinkwayo hiku ya hi makete . <ref name=":12">{{Cite web|title=JSE Trading Hours & Market Holidays [2023]|url=https://www.tradinghours.com/markets/jse|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326195115/https://www.tradinghours.com/markets/jse|archive-date=26 March 2023|accessdate=2023-03-26|website=www.tradinghours.com}}</ref> Afrika Dzonga hi rona ntsena xirho xa Afrika xa G20 naswona i xirho xa BRICS . <ref>{{Cite web|title=South Africa's membership of BRICS has tangible benefits for South Africans|url=https://www.thedtic.gov.za/wp-content/uploads/BRICS-Benefits-to-South-Africa.pdf|website=The Department of Trade Industry and Competition}}</ref> Hi 2023, Afrika Dzonga ri ve eka xiyimo xa vu 106 eka Xikombiso xa Nhluvukiso wa Vanhu (HDI), leswi ri vekaka eka xiyenge xa nhluvukiso wale henhla wa vanhu. <ref name="2022 components3">{{Cite book |date=6 May 2025 |title=Human Development Report 2025 - A matter of choice: People and possibilities in the age of AI |url=https://hdr.undp.org/content/human-development-report-2025 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme |isbn= |publication-date=6 May 2025 |pages= |access-date=6 May 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250506064128/https://hdr.undp.org/content/human-development-report-2025 |archive-date=6 May 2025}}</ref> Vatirhi va yona va ve kwalomu ka 27.8 wa timiliyoni hi 2024, ku nga va 26 hi vukulu emisaveni hinkwayo. <ref>{{Cite web|title=The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/labor-force/country-comparison|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109162525/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/labor-force/country-comparison/|archive-date=January 9, 2021|accessdate=2018-07-15|website=www.cia.gov|language=en}}</ref> Hambi leswi ri nga na nhluvukiso wa ikhonomi, Afrika Dzonga ri ya emahlweni ri langutane na ku pfumaleka ka mintirho lokukulu, vusweti lebyi hangalakeke na ku nga ringani lokukulu ka miholo, <ref>{{Cite web|date=28 September 2009|title=South Africa has highest gap between rich and poor|url=http://www.iol.co.za/business/business-news/south-africa-has-widest-gap-between-rich-and-poor-1.707558|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111023162404/http://www.iol.co.za/business/business-news/south-africa-has-widest-gap-between-rich-and-poor-1.707558|archive-date=23 October 2011|accessdate=7 November 2010|publisher=Business Report}}</ref> <ref name="worldbank-poverty2">{{Cite web|title="World Bank": South Africa|url=https://databankfiles.worldbank.org/public/ddpext_download/poverty/33EF03BB-9722-4AE2-ABC7-AA2972D68AFE/Global_POVEQ_ZAF.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230420193850/https://databankfiles.worldbank.org/public/ddpext_download/poverty/33EF03BB-9722-4AE2-ABC7-AA2972D68AFE/Global_POVEQ_ZAF.pdf|archive-date=20 April 2023|accessdate=7 April 2023}}</ref> hi mpimo waku pfumaleka ka mintirho wa ximfumo wa 33.6% ku sukela eka kotara ya vumbirhi ya 2026. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Quarterly Labour Force Survey (QLFS) – Q2: 2026|url=https://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=19804|accessdate=2026-08-13|website=www.statssa.gov.za}}</ref> Kwalomu ka 23 wa timiliyoni ta vanhu (37.9% wa vaaki) va hanya ehansi ka mpimo wale hansi wa vusweti, <ref>{{Cite web|title=Poverty Trends in South Africa: An examination of absolute poverty between 2006 and 2023|url=https://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=19078|accessdate=2026-08-13|website=www.statssa.gov.za}}</ref> kasi 10.8 wa timiliyoni va hanya ehansi ka mpimo wa vusweti bya swakudya, <ref name=":0" /> naswona tiko ri tshama ri karhi ri rhekhoda yin’wana ya tikhoyifisiyense tale henhla ta Gini emisaveni . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Distribution of family income – Gini index|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2172.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070613005439/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2172.html|archive-date=13 June 2007|accessdate=26 June 2013|publisher=Cia.gov}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=4 November 2010|title=Inequality in income or expenditure / Gini index, Human Development Report 2007/08|url=http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/indicators/161.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116234423/http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/indicators/161.html|archive-date=16 January 2013|accessdate=26 June 2013|publisher=Hdrstats.undp.org}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=INEQUALITY IN SOUTHERN AFRICA: AN ASSESSMENT OF THE SOUTHERN AFRICAN CUSTOMS UNION|url=https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099125003072240961/pdf/P1649270b73f1f0b5093fb0e644d33bc6f1.pdf|website=World Bank Group}}</ref> Afrika Dzonga i tiko lerikulu ra mabindzu, rile xikarhi ka matiko ya 50 lamakulu yaku xavisela matiko mambe naku xavisela matiko mambe emisaveni hinkwayo. Swixavisiwa swa yona leswikulu swikatsa timinerali, tinsimbi ta risima, mimovha, michini, switirhisiwa swa vurimi na nhundzu leyi endliweke. <ref name="factbook2222">{{Cite web|title=South Africa|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/south-africa/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110042951/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/south-africa|archive-date=10 January 2021|accessdate=23 January 2021|website=The World Factbook|publisher=CIA}}</ref> Kusukela hi 2026, timakete ta yona letikulu ta ku xaviseriwa matiko yale handle i [[Chayina|China]] (12.5%), [[Amerikha|United States]] (7.7%), [[Jarimani|Germany]] (7.4%), [[Japani|Japan]] (5.6%) na [[United Kingdom]] (4.0%), kasi swihlovo swa yona leswikulu swo xavisa i China (22.7%), [[Indiya|India]] (12.2%), [[Nayjeriya|Nigeria]] (6.8%), United States (6.3%) na Germany (5.7%). <ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-02-03 |title=Trade Statistics {{!}} South African Revenue Service |url=https://www.sars.gov.za/customs-and-excise/trade-statistics/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260724083041/https://www.sars.gov.za/customs-and-excise/trade-statistics/ |archive-date=2026-07-24 |access-date=2026-08-12 |work=South African Revenue Service |language=en-US |dead-url=no}}</ref> Hi 2025, ku xaviseriwa matiko mambe ku endle kwalomu ka 31.4% wa GDP. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) - South Africa|url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.EXP.GNFS.ZS?end=2025&locations=ZA&start=2025|website=World Bank Group}}</ref> Afrika Dzonga i tiko leri nga na tiindasitiri tale henhla leri nga na xiyenge xa tiindasitiri xo hambana swinene xa Afrika. <ref>{{Cite web|last=Research|first=Bonafide|date=2026-05-31|title=South Africa Motion Control Market Overview, 2031|url=https://www.bonafideresearch.com/product/6605687117/south-africa-motion-control-market|accessdate=2026-07-09|website=Bonafide Research|language=en}}</ref> Indasitiri yi endle kwalomu ka 24% wa GDP hi 2024, laha vumaki byi hoxeke xandla kwalomu ka 13% naswona byi le ka xiyimo xavu 40 emisaveni hinkwayo hi vuhumelerisi. <ref name="econ-jobless">{{Cite news |title=South Africa, Jobless growth – The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/special-report/2010/06/05/jobless-growth |work=[[The Economist]]}}</ref> Tiindasitiri letikulu ti katsa ku aka, mimovha, tikhemikhali, nsimbi, michini, swakudya leswi lulamisiweke, swiambalo na switirhisiwa swa masocha. Tiko ri tlhela riva na tiindasitiri to aka swikepe na swa swihahampfhuka, hiku kongomisa swinene eka swikumiwa leswi fambelanaka na vusirheleri. <ref>{{Cite web|last=Bhala|first=Sachin|date=2021-11-08|title=Adcorp - The biggest industrial sectors in South Africa and why employment within these sectors keeps them going|url=https://www.adcorpgroup.com/stories/news/the-biggest-industrial-sectors-in-south-africa-and-why-employment-within-these-sectors-keeps-them-going/|accessdate=2026-07-09|website=Adcorp|language=en-ZA}}</ref> Mabindzu ya mfumo, ku katsa Eskom, Transnet na Denel, na wona ya tlanga xiave eka ikhonomi ya tiindasitiri, ngopfu eka swiyenge swa eneji, vutleketli na vusirheleri. Endzeni ka vumaki, bindzu ra timovha i xiphemu lexikulu. Ford yi pfule ndhawu yo sungula yo hlanganisa swilo etikweni hi 1924, yi landzeriwa hi General Motors hi 1926. <ref>{{Cite web|last=Labuschagne|first=Hanno|title=All the cars made in South Africa|url=https://mybroadband.co.za/news/motoring/494681-all-the-cars-made-in-south-africa.html|accessdate=2026-09-17|language=en-ZA}}</ref> Vaendli van’wana va matiko ya misava endzhaku ka sweswo va simeke matirhelo yo hlanganisa etikweni, ku katsa na [[Toyota]], Volkswagen, BMW, Mercedes Benz na Nissan . Afrika Dzonga i muhumelerisi lonkulu wa timovha eAfrika, ri humesa kwalomu ka 600,000 wa timovha hi lembe, <ref>{{Cite web|title=Automotive - BDO|url=https://www.bdo.co.za/en-za/industries/consumer-markets/automotive|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250718132112/https://www.bdo.co.za/en-za/industries/consumer-markets/automotive|archive-date=2025-07-18|accessdate=2025-11-05|website=www.bdo.co.za|language=en-ZA}}</ref> laha ku xaviseriwa matiko mambe ku endlaka kwalomu ka mbirhi xa nharhu xa vuhumelerisi bya laha kaya. <ref>{{Cite web|title=naamsa {{!}} Automotive exports surge 19% to new highs|url=https://naamsa.net/automotive-exports-surge-19-to-new-highs/|accessdate=2025-07-11|language=en-ZA|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250714033407/https://naamsa.net/automotive-exports-surge-19-to-new-highs/|archive-date=2025-07-14|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Vukorhokeri byi endlile 63.1% wa GDP ya eAfrika Dzonga hi 2025 naswona byi katsa indasitiri ya vukorhokeri bya swa timali leyi hluvukisiweke kahle. <ref>{{Cite web|title=World Bank Open Data|url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NV.SRV.TOTL.ZS?locations=ZA|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251104141608/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NV.SRV.TOTL.ZS?locations=ZA|archive-date=2025-11-04|accessdate=2026-09-16|website=World Bank Open Data|dead-url=no}}</ref> Joni i ntsindza wa swa timali lowu rhangelaka eAfrika naswona i kaya ra JSE, <ref>{{Cite web|date=2025-04-15|title=Top 10 Stock Exchange Markets in Africa 2025|url=https://www.africanexponent.com/top-10-stock-exchange-markets-in-africa-2025-2/|accessdate=2025-09-07|website=The African Exponent|language=en}}</ref> kasi mali ya makete wa switoko ya Afrika Dzonga yi fikelele kwalomu ka US$1.53 wa tibiliyoni hi 2026, yiri eka xiyimo xa vu 16 emisaveni hinkwayo. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Market capitalization of listed domestic companies (current US$)|url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/CM.MKT.LCAP.CD|accessdate=2024-06-16|website=World Bank}}</ref> Vuxavisi na byona i bya nkoka, laha tiko leri nga na nhlayo ya vutsevu hi vukulu emisaveni hinkwayo ya tisenthara ta mavhengele . <ref>{{Cite web|last=Africa|first=FASA Franchise Association South|date=2018-10-16|title=Survey shows SA has the sixth most shopping centre space in the world|url=https://www.fasa.co.za/survey-shows-sa-has-the-sixth-most-shopping-centre-space-in-the-world/|accessdate=2025-07-20|website=Franchise Association South Africa|language=en-ZA}}</ref> Vukorhokeri byin’wana lebyikulu byi katsa vuxavisi bya tindlu na misava, vuhlanganisi bya riqingho na vukorhokeri bya mabindzu, laha Cape Town yi tirhaka tanihi ntsindza wa thekinoloji lowu rhangelaka eka tikonkulu ra Afrika. <ref>{{Cite web|last=Ashiru|first=Grace|date=2025-04-27|title=Cape Town: Africa's Tech Hub on the Rise|url=https://www.techinafrica.com/cape-town-africas-tech-hub-on-the-rise/|accessdate=2026-09-17|website=Tech In Africa|language=en-US}}</ref> Tikhamphani ta Afrika Dzonga ti humelela swinene exikarhi ka mabindzu ya nkoka swinene ya Afrika, ku katsa AngloGold Ashanti, Gold Fields, Impala Platinum, Naspers, MTN, Vodacom, Sanlam, Sasol, FirstRand na Standard Bank . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Africa’s Leading Companies by Market Capitalisation (2026)|url=https://hmarkets.com/blog/africa-largest-companies/|accessdate=2026-08-13|website=Hantec Pages|language=en}}</ref> Mintirho ya vona yi katsa migodi, swa ti mali, vuhlanganisi bya riqingho, ndzindzakhombo, tikhemikhali, vuhangalasi bya mahungu na thekinoloji, laha yo tala yi tirhaka eAfrika hinkwaro na le matikweni ya misava. Eka xiyimo xa ''Mabindzu ya Afrika'' xa 2026, tikhamphani hinkwato ta 20 ta Afrika Dzonga leti xaxametiweke a tiri exikarhi ka tikhamphani ta 30 leti rhangelaka ta Afrika hi nxavo wa makete. <ref>{{Cite web|last=Thomas|first=David|date=2026-05-13|title=Top Companies in South Africa 2026: diversity is a strength|url=https://african.business//2026/05/trade-investment/top-companies-in-south-africa-2026-diversity-is-a-strength|accessdate=2026-09-17|website=African Business|language=en}}</ref> Indasitiri ya migodi yi tshama yi ri xiphemu xa nkoka xa ikhonomi ya Afrika Dzonga, yi hoxa xandla kwalomu ka 6.0% ya GDP hi lembe ra 2024, leswi endlaka leswaku Afrika Dzonga ri va ra vuntlhanu hi vukulu bya ikhonomi ya migodi emisaveni hinkwayo hi ku hoxa xandla eka GDP. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web|title=Critical Minerals and Metals Strategy South Africa 2025|url=https://www.gov.za/sites/default/files/gcis_document/202505/critical-minerals-and-metals-strategy-south-africa-2025.pdf|website=www.gov.za}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=South Africa {{!}} U.S. Geological Survey|url=https://www.usgs.gov/centers/national-minerals-information-center/south-africa|accessdate=2026-09-16|website=www.usgs.gov|language=en}}</ref> Switirhisiwa swa timinerali swi endle kwalomu ka 52% wa nkoka wa ntsengo hikokwalaho ka swixavisiwa swa tiko hi 2025. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Facts and Figures 2025 launch media statement|url=https://www.mineralscouncil.org.za/component/jdownloads/send/146-2026/2617-media-statement-facts-and-figures-2025-launch?Itemid=935|website=Minerals Council SA}}</ref> Hi matimu bindzu leri ri hoxe xandla swinene eka nhluvukiso wa ti indasitiri ta tiko, endzhaku ka ku tshuburiwa ka tidayimani ekusuhi na nambu wa Orange hi 1867 na nsuku eWitwatersrand hi lembe ra 1886. Sekithara leyi ayi lawuriwa hi Ndzawulo ya Minerali na Switirhisiwa swa Petroliyamu, leyi nga na vutihlamuleri eka bindzu ra migodi, ku tirhisiwa ka switirhisiwa swa timinerali na indasitiri ya petroliyamu. <ref name=":6" /> <ref name=":1" /> Afrika Dzonga i rin’wana ra matiko lama rhangelaka eka vahumelerisi va switirhisiwa swa timinerali emisaveni hinkwayo. Hi lembe ra 2024, Afrika Dzonga yi vile na swiphemu leswikulu swa vuhumelerisi bya misava hinkwayo bya timinerali leti ceriweke, ku katsa na platinum (70%), chromium (46%), manganese (40%), palladium (38%), vermiculite (35%), rutile na zircon (22% yin’wana na yin’wana), ilmenite (14%), dayimani ya tiindasitiri (8%), vanadium (7%), industrial garnet na talc (kwalomu ka 5% yin’wana na yin’wana), . fluorspar (4%), na dayimani ya ribye ra risima, nsuku na nsimbi ya(3% yin’wana na yin’wana). <ref name=":6" /> <ref name=":1" /> Afrika Dzonga ri tlhela ri va na vuhlayiselo bya timinerali lebyi nga na nkoka wo tlula US$2.5 trillion, <ref name=":6" /> ku katsa na swiphemu leswikulu swa vuhlayiselo bya misava hinkwayo bya tinsimbi ta ntlawa wa platinum (88%), manganese (80%), chromite (72%), vanadium (32%), zirconium (25%), fluorspar (17%), nsuku (13%), timinerali ta titanium (10%), uranium (5%), na antimoni (2%). <ref name=":6" /> <ref name=":1" /> 8vsrotbmrnm1tdxu5zqdoydegm37z2q 0 2859 42641 38177 2026-09-25T23:59:38Z InternetArchiveBot 7881 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 42641 wikitext text/x-wiki Lembe ra '''1934''' ( ''Magidi-nwe, madzana-nkaye makume-nharhu na mune'') i lembe leri tolovekeke leri sunguleke hi Musombhunuko. == Leswi endlekeke hi 1934 == === Sunguti === * ... === Nyenyenyani === * ... === Nyenyankulu === * ... === Dzivamusoko === * ... === Mudyaxihi === * ... === Khotavuxika === * ... === Mawuwani === * ... === Mhawuri === * ... === Ndzhati === * ... === Nhlangula === * ... === Hukuri === * ... === N'wendzamhala === * ... == Lava tswariweke hi 1934 == === Sunguti - Nyenyenyani === * ... === Nyenyankulu - Dzivamusoko === * ... === Mudyaxihi - Khotavuxika === * ... === Mawuwani - Mhawuri === * ... === Ndzhati - Nhlangula === * ... === Hukuri - N'wendzamhala === * ... == Lava loveke hi 1934 == === Sunguti - Nyenyenyani === * ... === Nyenyankulu - Dzivamusoko === * ... === Mudyaxihi - Khotavuxika === * '''[[Mudyaxihi 22]]''' - [[Henri-Alexandre Junod]] murhumiwa wa le swisi * ... === Mawuwani - Mhawuri === * ... === Ndzhati - Nhlangula === * ... === Hukuri - N'wendzamhala === * ... == Swikombo == == Swikombo swa le handle == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090124002344/http://xroads.virginia.edu/~1930s2/time/1934/1934fr.html The 1930s Timeline: 1934] <!--years 19xx are blank-category--> [[Category:1934| ]] 9q3iepbz0h5g7lr3lentfr3e4uw8o13 0 4783 42636 42100 2026-09-25T22:40:40Z Salivary 12474 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1369796958|Money]]" 42636 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mali''' i nchumu wun'wana na wun'wana kumbe rhekhodo leyi nga tiyisisiwaka leyi hi ntolovelo yi amukeriwaka tani hi yo hakelo swilo na vukorhokeri na ku hakela swikweleti, swo fana na swibalo, etikweni ro karhi kumbe xiyimo xo xa swa ikhonomi ni vaaki. Mintirho leyikulu leyi hambanisaka mali hi leyi: ku cincana-cinca, ku cinca-cinci, ku cinca ka nkoka naswona minkarhi yin'wana, ku cinca mali. cqkmkrc2rez5syp38zbruzr9j3xliki 0 5962 42643 41622 2026-09-26T00:53:46Z InternetArchiveBot 7881 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 42643 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Bio|caption=Madjozi hi lembe ra 2019}} '''Maya Christinah Xichavo Wegerif''' (Uvelekiwe 9 Mudyaxihi 1992), loyi a tivekaka hi ra '''Sho Madjozi''', i nqambhi, mutsari, mutsari wa vunanga na muthlokovetseri wa le tikweni ra Afrika Dzonga.<ref name=maya>{{cite web|url=https://amdb.co/music/artist/sho-madjozi/|title=Sho Madjozi Biography|website=amdb.co|accessdate=5 May 2018|archive-date=27 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627230815/https://amdb.co/music/artist/sho-madjozi/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Madjozi urhangisa ndhzavuko wa Xitsonga eka vunanga na ndhuma yakwe. Madjozi ukumile ndhuma endzhaku ka loko a humelerise alibhamu yakwe ya madyondza leyi thyiweke ''Limpopo Champions League'', leyi pfanganiseke mixaka yo hambana ya vunanga ku hlanganisa hip hop na vunanga bya Xitsonga. == Ta vutomi na Migingiriko yakwe == === 1992–2016: Masungulo === Maya Christinah Xichavo Wegerif u velekiwe hi ti 9 ta Mudyaxihi 1992, emugangeni wa Shelly, [[Limpopo]], Polokwane, naswona i n'wana wa Rosemary Phaweni na Marc Wegerif loyi a a ri mukongomisi wa nhlangano wo ti yimela lowu a wu pfuna ku koxa miganga ya vona eka mfumo. I wa ndhzavuko lowu pfanganeke tani hileswi mhani wakwe anga mutsonga kasi tata wakwe a ri karhi apfa e tikweni ra Swidini.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.peoplemagazine.co.za/celebrity-news/5-interesting-facts-about-sho-madjozi/|title=5 Interesting Facts About Sho Madjozi!|website=Peoples Magazine|access-date=2019-06-26|archive-date=2019-06-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190602202916/https://www.peoplemagazine.co.za/celebrity-news/5-interesting-facts-about-sho-madjozi/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Madjozi u kurisiwe hi mana wakwe, endzhaku ka ku hambana ka vatswari vakwe. Madjozi una ndzisana eka mana wakwe. Tata wakwe uve na maendzo yo hlaya etikweni nkulu ra Afrika, naswona thlele a tirha e tikweni ra Tanzania laha a tirheke eka nhlangano ya Oxfarm, kunga laha Madjozi a yeke aya tshama kona loko ahari eka malembe ya kondlo andzidyi.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2018-11-16-00-sho-madjozis-musical-lineage-is-larger-than-large|title=Sho Madjozi’s musical lineage is larger than large|website=Mail & Guardian}}</ref> Uthlele a tshama xinkadyana e tikweni ra She also spent some time in [[Senegal]]. Endzaku ko heta tidyondzo takwe ta xikolo e tikweni ra Tanzania, Madjozi u nyikiwe sagwati ra tidyondzo kuya leteriwa e Mount Holyoke College e South Hadley, Massachusetts, e tikweni ra Amerika laha aa dyondzeke ti dyondzo ta vutsari na ta tiko-nkulu ra Afrika. Hi wona nkarhi lowu a sunguleke ku tsala vuthlokovetseri ari karhi a tirhisa vito ra vutsari ra MayaThePoet.<ref name="bgc">{{cite web|last1=Dee|first1=Christa|title=Maya the Poet becomes Sho Madjozi: Tsonga rap and the preservation of home|url=http://www.bubblegumclub.co.za/maya-the-poet-becomes-sho-madjozi-tsonga-rap-and-the-preservation-of-home/|website=Bubble Gum Club|access-date=2019-06-26|archive-date=2017-09-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170901175342/http://www.bubblegumclub.co.za/maya-the-poet-becomes-sho-madjozi-tsonga-rap-and-the-preservation-of-home/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Swithlokovetselo na vutsari byakwe a swi voyamela eka swa tipolotiki, vumunhu na rixaka. Madjozi uthlelele e tikweni ra Afrika Dzonga lahal ayiseke e mahlweni na Yunivhesithi ya Afrika Dzonga (UNISA), laha a thleleke a tsalela tinqhambi talaha tikweni vunanga.<ref>{{cite web |author1=Tseliso Monaheng |title=Sho Madjozi is manifesting her pan-African dreams |url=https://www.thefader.com/2018/06/01/sho-madjozi-dumi-hi-phone-south-africa-interview |publisher=The Fader |accessdate=12 March 2019}}</ref> Endzhaku ko thlelela e Afrika Dzonga, u sungule ku yimbelela no qambha vunanga a ri karhi a tirhisa vito ra vuqambhi ra "Sho Madjozi". Madjozi usungule ku tiveka loko atava a tirhisana na nqambhi leyi tivekaka ya rap kunga Okmalumkoolkat eka risimu leri nge "Ngiyashisa Bhe" na leri thlomiweke risiva leri nge, "Gqi".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://amdb.co/lyrics/okmalumkoolkat/ngiyashisa-bhe|title=Okmalumkoolkat - Ngiyashisa Bhe! Ft. Sho Madjozi Lyrics & Video|website=AMDb|access-date=2019-06-26|archive-date=2019-06-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190602202918/https://amdb.co/lyrics/okmalumkoolkat/ngiyashisa-bhe|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://sahiphopmag.co.za/2016/12/new-release-okmalumkoolkat-gqi/okmaluu/|title=New Release: Okmalumkoolkat - Gqi|website=SA Hip Hop Mag|accessdate=2019-06-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190602202918/https://sahiphopmag.co.za/2016/12/new-release-okmalumkoolkat-gqi/okmaluu/|archive-date=2019-06-02|dead-url=yes}}</ref> === 2017–ku fikela sweswi: ''Limpopo Champions League'' === Hi Dzivamusoko wa 2017, Madjozi u sungule kutlanga eka ntlango wa Thelevhixini wa Mzansi Magic eka drama ya Isithembiso. U tlangile ari Tsakane Mboweni – ximunuhatwa lexi a xihisekela tipolitiki ta machudeni.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dailysun.co.za/Sunday-Sun/sho-madjozi-gets-tv-role-20170709|title=SHO MADJOZI GETS TV ROLE!|website=Daily Sun|access-date=2019-06-26|archive-date=2019-06-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190605220345/https://www.dailysun.co.za/Sunday-Sun/sho-madjozi-gets-tv-role-20170709|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Madjozi u humelerise Albhamu ya madyondza, "Dumi HiPhone" leyi a yi ayi endlenke na PS DJz, hi Dzivamisoko 28, 2017 naswona yi ve yi tsakeriwa swinene hi xitshungu.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/za/album/dumi-hiphone|title=Dumi HiPhone by Sho Madjozi|website=Apple Music}}</ref> Hambi swiritano risimu leri ari hoxiwanga eka alibhamu yo hetelela leyi humesiweke. Uthlele avonaka eka nxaxamelo wa vunanga wa DJ Maphorisa eka ''BlaqBoy Music Presents Gqom Wave'' (2017) laha ahlanganyeleke ku humelerisa risimu leringe "Probleme".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/music/tracks/n5x9hz|title=Probleme (feat. Sho Madjozi & DJ Hu Nose) - DJ Maphorisa Song|website=BBC}}</ref> Hi ti 9 ta Nyenyankulu, 2018, u humese risimu ro rhangela leringe "Huku" eka alibhamu yakwe yo sungula ya ''Limpopo Champions League''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.zkhiphani.co.za/sho-madjozi-finally-drops-new-single-huku/|title=Sho Madjozi FINALLY Drops New Single, Huku|website=Zkhiphani.com}}</ref> Hi 27 ta Khotavuxika, 2018, Trace Urban ''South Africa'' yi tivise vuxaka na Madjozi, naswona yi thlela yi n'win endla murhumiwa wa TRACE Mobile leyi yi nga khampani ya tinqingo.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.zkhiphani.co.za/sho-madjozi-trace-mobile/|title=WATCH THE FULL TRACE Mobile & Sho Madjozi partnership launch|website=Zkhipani}}</ref> Hi Mhawuri, Madjozi xikan'we na muyimbeleri-kuloni Chris Martin vativise nothlela va hlamusela tindlela to nghenela Global Citizen Festival: Mandela 100, hi ku tirhisa YouTube vidiyo leyi yi hoxiweke eka inthaneti hi vaka Global Citizen. Endzhaku ka swona hi ti 2 ta N'wendzamhala, 2018, Sho Madjozi u humelele a thlela ya ya cina eka Global Citizen Festival: Mandela 100 leyi a yi rhangeriwe hi Beyonce and Jay-Z.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hlalethwa |first1=Zaza |title=Global Citizen: Preaching the good news according to Madiba |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2018-12-04-global-citizen-preaching-the-good-news-according-to-madiba |accessdate=5 December 2018 |publisher=Mail & Guardian |date=4 December 2018}}</ref> ''Limpopo Champions League'', kunga albhamu ya Madjozi' ya madyondza yi humelerisiwe hi ti 14 N'wendzamhala, 2018.<ref>{{cite web |author1=Sabelo Mkabela |title=Listen to Sho Madjozi’s Debut Album ‘Limpopo Champions League’ Featuring Kwesta, pH, Makwa, Ycee and More |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/sho-madjozi-debut-album-listen/ |publisher=Okay Africa |accessdate=5 February 2019 |date=14 December 2018}}</ref> Alibhamu leyi yi thlele yi sekeriwa hi vhidiyo yo koma ya risimu leri nge "Trickshot".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bona.co.za/sho-madjozi-releases-trickshot-film-for-valentines-day/|title=Sho Madjozi releases Trickshot film for Valentine's Day|website=Bona Magazine|access-date=2019-06-26|archive-date=2019-06-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190602202927/https://www.bona.co.za/sho-madjozi-releases-trickshot-film-for-valentines-day/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Hi ti 1 ta Khotavuxika, 2019, Madjozi uhumelele eka swiyenge swimbirhi swa [[Nqhambi yintswa ya lembe]] na [[Alibhamu ya lembe hi nqambhi ya xisati]] eka masagwati ya South African Music Awards. Uthlele alanghiwa eka swiyenge swa: Vhidiyo hlawulekeke eka risimu ra "Huku" na Vunanga lebyi hlawulekeke bya Kwaito, Gqom & AmaPiano hi alibhamu ya ''Limpopo Champions League''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2019-06-01-sho-madjozi-makes-her-mark-at-sama25/|title=Sho Madjozi makes her mark at #SAMA25|website=TimesLIVE}}</ref> Kasi hi ti 23 Khotavuxika, 2019, Madjozi uthlomiwe risiva eka ntsombano wa BET Awards 2019 aka xiyenge xa Best New International Act.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thesouthafrican.com/lifestyle/bet-awards-2019-sho-madjozi-complete-winners-list/|title=BET Awards 2019: Sho Madjozi wins big, complete winners list|website=The South African}}</ref> == Xiyimo xakwe exikarhi ka vanhu == Madjozi utirhisa vutsonga byakwe eka vunanga na mambalele ya kwe. U ti nyungubyisa a nga ti pfinyingi hi ndzhavuko wakwe naswona u thlanga no cina a mbale sw'ambalo swa xitsonga. Madjozi u cina xibhelani arikarhi a mbale tinguvu erheveni, ivi a cinisa tsheve hindlela leyi tsakisaka vahlaleri.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.w24.co.za/Style/Fashion/Style/sho-madjozi-and-her-unique-style-sum-up-everything-thats-right-about-sa-right-now-20181206|title=Sho Madjozi and her unique style sum up everything that's right about SA right now|website=W24}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thefader.com/2018/09/28/sho-madjozi-first-times-video|title=Sho Madjozi on Pitch Black Afro, bringing the Xibelani to the club, and more in First Times video|website=The FADER}}</ref> Mutsari wa ndhuma Kenny Morifi-Winslow u vule leswi landzelaka loko ari karhi a bhumabhumela Madjozi, "Ndzi ehleketa leswaku kuna kuhlohlotelana kokarhi loko, swiyenge leswi hi switsakelaka ngopfu hi tinqambhi ta hina kuri wsilo leswi hi ti tumbeteleke swona kumbe leswi hi ringeteke ku swi cinca eka hina vinyi".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thethirdcitizen.com/home/14/9/2017-2|title=Sho Madjozi: Heritage In The Here & Now|website=IIIRD CITIZEN}}</ref> === Ku horha misisi === {{Quote box|width=30em|align=right|quote="Misisi ya mina leyi horhiweke yi yimele Afrika wa mundzuku. Xivutiso heleswaku: Xana n'wana wa mu Afrika loyi a hanyaka eka misava leyi rharhangeneke, a a tava njhani loko ngi anga kavanyetiwanga hi mbitsi wa vukolonyi na Xihlawuhlawu? Misisi ya mina inhlamulo."|source=—Madjozi eka ta misisi yakwe<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Browning-de Villiers|first=Sarah|title=#HERitage: Sho Madjozi on Braids|url=https://www.cosmopolitan.co.za/politics/heritage-sho-madjozi-on-braids/|magazine=[[Cosmopolitan (magazine)|Cosmopolitan]]|date=March 20, 2019|accessdate=July 5, 2013|archive-date=June 5, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190605173621/https://www.cosmopolitan.co.za/politics/heritage-sho-madjozi-on-braids/|dead-url=yes}}</ref>}}Madjozi u tiveka ngopfu hi mahorhele yakwe ya misisi lama hlohloteriweke hi vasati va va Fulani na va Tuareg.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vogue.com/vogueworld/article/sho-madjozi-rapper-global-100-style-profile-tsonga-south-africa-gqom|title=Tsonga Rapper Sho Madjozi Is the Radical New Poster Child for Pan-African Pride|website=Vogue}}</ref> Ma horhele lama ma hlohlotele vanwhana na vavasati e Afrika Dzonga na swiyenge swin'wana swa misava hi lembe ra 2016 loko ata sungula ku tiveka. Uthlele a hlohloteriwa hi tinqambhi ta xisati ta ntlawa wa vunanga wa Boom Shaka, Thembi Seete na mufi Lebo Mathosa, ku hlanganisa na Thandiswa Mazwai.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.w24.co.za/Style/Beauty/Hairstyles/sho-madjozi-on-all-things-hair-and-braids-20190320|title=Sho Madjozi on all things hair and braids|website=W24|access-date=2019-06-26|archive-date=2019-03-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190325111308/https://www.w24.co.za/Style/Beauty/Hairstyles/sho-madjozi-on-all-things-hair-and-braids-20190320|dead-url=yes}}</ref> == Vutomi bya kwe == Wegerif u tshama e Joni.<ref name="W24">{{cite web|title=Meet local fashion and rap sensation Sho Madjozi|url=http://www.w24.co.za/Fashion/Style/meet-local-fashion-and-rap-sensation-sho-madjozi-20170416|date=16 April 2017|website=W24}}</ref> == Vunanga == ; Ti Alibhamu * ''Limpopo Champions League'' (2018) ; Tinsimu leti hlawuriweke * "Huku" (2018) * "DumiHi Phone" (2017) * "Wakanda Forever" <small>(featuring Ycee)</small> (2018) * "Don't Tell Me What To Do" (2018) * "Kona" (2018) * "Ng'yashisa Bhe!" (with Okmalumkoolkat) (2017) * "Ay Baby" (with Ms Cosmo featuring Rouge (Rapper) & Moozlie (2018) == Masagwati na ku hlawuriwa == {| class="wikitable" |- !Lembe !Nkhuvo wo thloma risiva!Prize !Sagwati !Ntirho/Muhluri !Mbuyelo |-Won | rowspan="5" | 2019 | rowspan="4" | [[South African Music Awards]] | Best Female Album<ref>{{cite web|title=Sho Madjozi makes her mark at #SAMA25| url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2019-06-01-sho-madjozi-makes-her-mark-at-sama25/|website=TimesLIVE|accessdate=26 June 2019}}</ref> | ''Limpopo Champions League'' | {{won}} |- | Best Newcomer | Yena n'wini | {{won}} |- | Best Music Video | "Huku" | {{nom}} |- | Best Kwaito, Gqom or Amapiano Album | ''Limpopo Champions League'' | {{nom}} |- | [[BET Awards 2019]] | Best New International Act<ref>{{cite web|title=FROM THE VILLAGE TO A SUPERSTAR: SHO MADJOZI WINS BET AWARD| url=https://ewn.co.za/2019/06/24/from-the-village-to-a-superstar-sho-madjozi-wins-bet-award|website=ewn.co.za|accessdate=24 June 2019}}</ref> | Yena n'wini | {{won}} |- |} == Mintshaho == {{Reflist|2}} [[Category:Vanhu]] {{Lifetime|1992| |Maya Christinah Xichavo Wegerif}} [[Category:Vatsonga]] [[Category:Tinqambhi ta Xitsonga]] fq3btbcjkoqi4qxy5fct904tpiict93 0 7221 42617 42377 2026-09-25T17:08:24Z Bayedeee 12513 Created by translating the section "Behaviour and ecology" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1375105737|Zebra]]" 42617 wikitext text/x-wiki Timangwa ngopfu-ngopfu i swifuwo naswona ti nga hanya hi swimilana swa xiyimo xa le hansi . Ti dlayiwa ngopfu hi [[Nghala|tinghala]], naswona hi ntolovelo ti baleka loko ti xungetiwa kambe ti tlhela ti luma ni ku raha. Tinxaka ta timangwa ti hambana hi mahanyelo ya ntshamisano, laha timangwa ta le mativa na ta le tintshaveni ti tshamaka eka tiharems leti tiyeke leti vumbiwaka hi ya xinuna leyikulu kumbe stallion, ta xisati to hlayanyana letikulu kumbe timares, na vana va tona kumbe swimbutana swa tona ; kasi timangwa ta Grévy ti tshama ti ri toxe kumbe eka mintlhambi leyi nga tolovelekangiki. Eka tinxaka leti khomaka tiharem, ta xisati letikulu ti hlangana ntsena na tiharem stallion ta tona, kasi timangwa ta xinuna ta Grévy ti simeka tindzhawu leti kokaka ta xisati naswona muxaka lowu wuva na vudlakuta . Timangwa ti vulavurisana hi marito yohambana hambana, ku yima ka miri na swivumbeko swa xikandza. Ku lunghisa ka ntshamisano ku tiyisa vuxaka bya ntshamisano eka mativa na timangwa ta le tintshaveni. == Mahanyelo na ikholoji kumbe ndhawu laha xihadyani lexi xi tshameke kona == [[File:Dust_bathing_mountain_zebra,_Namibia.jpg|alt=Mountain zebra dust bathing|right|thumb|Ku hlamba hi ntshuri wa ti- zebra ta le tintshaveni [[Namibia|eNamibia]]]] Ti mange’s tinga famba kumbe ku rhurhela eka tindzhawu leti tsakamaka hi nguva yo oma. <ref name="Grub 1981">{{Cite journal |last=Grubb |first=P. |year=1981 |title=Equus burchellii |journal=Mammalian Species |issue=157 |pages=1–9 |bibcode=1981MamSp.157....1G |doi=10.2307/3503962 |jstor=3503962 |doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref name="Estes 1991">{{Cite book |last=Estes |first=R. |year=1991 |title=The Behavior Guide to African Mammals |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g977LsZHpcsC |publisher=[[University of California Press]] |isbn=978-0-520-08085-0 |pages=235–248}}</ref> Ti- zebra ta le mativa ti rhekhodiwile ti famba {{cvt|500|km|mi}} exikarhi ka Namibia na Botswana, ku rhurha ka misava ko leha swinene ka swihadyani leswi mamisaka eAfrika. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Naidoo |first=R. |last2=Chase |first2=M. J. |last3=Beytall |first3=P. |last4=Du Preez |first4=P. |year=2016 |title=A newly discovered wildlife migration in Namibia and Botswana is the longest in Africa |journal=Oryx |volume=50 |issue=1 |pages=138–146 |bibcode=2016Oryx...50..138N |doi=10.1017/S0030605314000222 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Loko ti ri karhi ti rhurha, ti vonaka ti titshege hi ku tsundzuka ko karhi ka tindhawu leti swiyimo swo lava swakudya a swi ri swinene eka tona naswona ti nga ha vhumbha swiyimo endzhaku ka tin’hweti ti fikile. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bracis |first=C. |last2=Mueller |first2=T. |year=2017 |title=Memory, not just perception, plays an important role in terrestrial mammalian migration |journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |volume=284 |issue=1855 |article-number=20170449 |doi=10.1098/rspb.2017.0449 |pmc=5454266 |pmid=28539516}}</ref> Ti- mangwa ti titshege ngopfu hi mati naswona ti tshama etindhawini leti tsakamaka ku tlula tinxaka tin’wana ta swiharhi. o8cwi3ubh99ghytpoe3vx23l3n4m419 2 7531 42581 42536 2026-09-25T12:41:59Z Kataliya23 12473 ku tsala dirafiti 42581 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Kataliya [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 1|Dirafiti 1]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 2|Dirafiti 2]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 3|Dirafiti 3]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 4|Dirafiti 4]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 5|Dirafiti 5]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 6|Dirafiti 6]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 7|Dirafiti 7]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 8|Dirafiti 8]] .Dirafiti 9 3qplq87r7k1cm9ef413i6s6vdip3chh 42582 42581 2026-09-25T12:43:31Z Kataliya23 12473 Ku chela liki. 42582 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Kataliya [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 1|Dirafiti 1]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 2|Dirafiti 2]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 3|Dirafiti 3]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 4|Dirafiti 4]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 5|Dirafiti 5]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 6|Dirafiti 6]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 7|Dirafiti 7]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 8|Dirafiti 8]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 9|Dirafiti 9]] 1x3hriyplul9nz5yr94y6pnrwurb9an 42591 42582 2026-09-25T13:18:04Z Kataliya23 12473 ku tsala dirafiti 42591 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Kataliya [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 1|Dirafiti 1]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 2|Dirafiti 2]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 3|Dirafiti 3]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 4|Dirafiti 4]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 5|Dirafiti 5]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 6|Dirafiti 6]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 7|Dirafiti 7]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 8|Dirafiti 8]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 9|Dirafiti 9]] .Dirafiti 10 ji4bs67yqbk7q04kui11n62pj15r8n9 42592 42591 2026-09-25T13:18:59Z Kataliya23 12473 Ku chela liki. 42592 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Kataliya [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 1|Dirafiti 1]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 2|Dirafiti 2]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 3|Dirafiti 3]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 4|Dirafiti 4]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 5|Dirafiti 5]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 6|Dirafiti 6]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 7|Dirafiti 7]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 8|Dirafiti 8]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 9|Dirafiti 9]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 10|Dirafiti 10]] h2kcuo5z1shf836me3z3vsieh7urudx 42601 42592 2026-09-25T13:59:07Z Kataliya23 12473 ku tsala dirafiti 42601 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Kataliya [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 1|Dirafiti 1]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 2|Dirafiti 2]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 3|Dirafiti 3]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 4|Dirafiti 4]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 5|Dirafiti 5]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 6|Dirafiti 6]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 7|Dirafiti 7]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 8|Dirafiti 8]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 9|Dirafiti 9]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 10|Dirafiti 10]] .Dirafiti 11 208eg2jcnzyqe3uhtz2viiwlddbeueq 42602 42601 2026-09-25T14:00:19Z Kataliya23 12473 ku tsala dirafiti 42602 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Kataliya [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 1|Dirafiti 1]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 2|Dirafiti 2]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 3|Dirafiti 3]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 4|Dirafiti 4]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 5|Dirafiti 5]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 6|Dirafiti 6]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 7|Dirafiti 7]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 8|Dirafiti 8]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 9|Dirafiti 9]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 10|Dirafiti 10]] .[[User:Kataliya23/|Dirafiti 11]] l3saa80gehl68zdu2mawcxx9ss75b1h 42613 42602 2026-09-25T14:40:10Z Kataliya23 12473 42613 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Kataliya [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 1|Dirafiti 1]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 2|Dirafiti 2]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 3|Dirafiti 3]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 4|Dirafiti 4]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 5|Dirafiti 5]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 6|Dirafiti 6]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 7|Dirafiti 7]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 8|Dirafiti 8]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 9|Dirafiti 9]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 10|Dirafiti 10]] .[[User:Kataliya23/|Dirafiti 11]] . Dirafiti ya 12 pju4se9o6zy1yoc1na7p2fz5vgr8hxy 42614 42613 2026-09-25T14:40:34Z Kataliya23 12473 42614 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Kataliya [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 1|Dirafiti 1]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 2|Dirafiti 2]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 3|Dirafiti 3]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 4|Dirafiti 4]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 5|Dirafiti 5]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 6|Dirafiti 6]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 7|Dirafiti 7]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 8|Dirafiti 8]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 9|Dirafiti 9]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 10|Dirafiti 10]] .[[User:Kataliya23/|Dirafiti 11]] . Dirafiti 12 3qcga29p0q56rsrcxoqlpe5uw0wi36d 42615 42614 2026-09-25T14:41:39Z Kataliya23 12473 42615 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Kataliya [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 1|Dirafiti 1]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 2|Dirafiti 2]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 3|Dirafiti 3]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 4|Dirafiti 4]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 5|Dirafiti 5]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 6|Dirafiti 6]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 7|Dirafiti 7]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 8|Dirafiti 8]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 9|Dirafiti 9]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 10|Dirafiti 10]] .[[User:Kataliya23/|Dirafiti 11]] . [[User:Kataliya23/|Dirafiti 12]] lnre9xn9sm1se9aw0j54kqw34uas6ag 42616 42615 2026-09-25T14:48:44Z Kataliya23 12473 Ku chela liki. 42616 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Kataliya [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 1|Dirafiti 1]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 2|Dirafiti 2]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 3|Dirafiti 3]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 4|Dirafiti 4]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 5|Dirafiti 5]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 6|Dirafiti 6]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 7|Dirafiti 7]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 8|Dirafiti 8]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 9|Dirafiti 9]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 10|Dirafiti 10]] .[[User:Kataliya23/|Dirafiti 11]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 12|Dirafiti 12]] myuyc5ymvspaml7ij6srn11gtxgvtsc 0 7551 42619 41900 2026-09-25T17:22:01Z Bayedeee 12513 Created by translating the section "Description" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1375734897|Lion]]" 42619 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Cladogram|{{clade |label1=''[[Panthera]]'' |1={{clade |1={{clade |1=[[Snow leopard]] [[File:Schneeleoparden (Panthera uncia) Zoo Salzburg 2014 f white background.jpg|70px]] |2=[[Tiger]] [[File:Tigress in Bandhavgarh NP white background.jpg|70px]] }} |2={{clade sequential |1=[[Jaguar]] [[File:Jaguar (Panthera onca palustris) male Three Brothers River white background.JPG|70px]] |2=[[Leopard]] [[File:Flickr - Rainbirder - Sassy Lassy white background.jpg|70px]] |3='''Lion''' [[File:Panthera leo -Ngorongoro, Tanzania-8b white background.jpg|70px]] }} }} }}|align=right|caption=Phylogeny of the genus ''Panthera'' based on a 2016 [[nuclear DNA]] study<ref name=Li_al2016/>}}  Nghala (Panthera leo) i xiharhi lexikulu xa muxaka wa timbyana ta le ndlwini ya Panthera. Namuntlha yi kumeka ntsena eAfrika-Dzonga ka Sahara na le India. Yi na miri wa matimba, xifuva lexi anameke, nhloko yo koma leyi rhendzelekeke, tindleve to rhendzeleka ni nhlana lowu nga na nsinya wa mihlanguti leyi ntima emakumu ka wona. Nghala yi tshama ngopfu etindhawini ta byanyi, savanna ni swihlahla. I xiharhi lexi nga predator ya le henhla (apex predator) naswona xi dya ngopfu swiharhi leswi nga ni tinyonga swo fana na timhunti, timhondzo ni tihomu ta nhova. Hi ntolovelo yi tirha swinene emini ku tlula tin’wana timbyana ta nhova, kambe loko yi hluphekisiwa yi nga tlhela yi tirha vusiku.Nghala i xiharhi xa ku hanya hi ntlawa, leswi vuriwaka pride. Pride yi katsa vavasati lava nga ni vuxaka ni vana va vona, swin’we ni wanuna un’we kumbe va nga ri vangani lava nga riki ni vuxaka na vona. Vavasati hi vona va talaka ku hlongola swin’we leswaku va kuma swakudya, kasi vavanuna va lwa leswaku va tshama kumbe ku nghena eka pride. Hi nkarhi wa Neolithic, nghala leyi ayi hangalakile e Afrika hinkwayo nale Eurasia, kusuka e Dzonga-vuxa bya Europe kuya e India. Hambibu bya Indiya. Yi xaxametiwile tani hi Vulnerable eka IUCN Red List kusukela hi 1996 hikuva nhlayo ya vaaki ematikweni ya Afrika yi hungutekile hi kwalomu ka 43% kusukela e kusunguleni ka malembe yava 1990s. Nhlayo ya tinghala a yi tiyiseli ehandle ka tindhawu leti vekiweke leti sirhelelekeke. Hambileswi xivangelo xa ku hunguteka loku xi nga twisisiwiki hi ku helela, ku lahlekeriwa hi ndhawu yo tshama eka yona ni ku lwisana ni vanhu hi swona swi vangaka ku vilela lokukulu. Nghala yi hlanganisiwa ngopfu ni matimba ni vuhosi. Yi kombisiwa swinene eka swifaniso, swifaniso swa mabye, tifulegi ta matiko, tibuku ni tifilimini.I xin’wana xa swiharhi leswi tivekaka ngopfu eka mfuwo wa vanhu emisaveni hinkwayo. Ku sukela nkarhi wa Mfumo wa Roma, ndlopfu a yi hlayisiwa eka tindhawu ta ku kombisa swiharhi, naswona yi ya emahlweni yi va xiharhi xa nkoka eka ti-zoo emisaveni hinkwayo. {{Cladogram|{{clade |label1=''[[Panthera]]'' |1={{clade |1={{clade |1=[[Snow leopard]] [[File:Schneeleoparden (Panthera uncia) Zoo Salzburg 2014 f white background.jpg|70px]] |2=[[Tiger]] [[File:Tigress in Bandhavgarh NP white background.jpg|70px]] }} |2={{clade sequential |1=[[Jaguar]] [[File:Jaguar (Panthera onca palustris) male Three Brothers River white background.JPG|70px]] |2=[[Leopard]] [[File:Flickr - Rainbirder - Sassy Lassy white background.jpg|70px]] |3='''Lion''' [[File:Panthera leo -Ngorongoro, Tanzania-8b white background.jpg|70px]] }} }} }}|align=right|caption=Phylogeny of the genus ''Panthera'' based on a 2016 [[nuclear DNA]] study<ref name=Li_al2016/>}} == Nhlamuselo == Nghala i muhlovo wa ximanga xa Musina, ya xifuva xo anama, nhloko yo koma, ya xirhendzevutani, nhamu leyi hungutiweke na tindleve ta xirhendzevutani; ta xinuna tina tinhloko to anama. Voya bya kona byi hambana hi muhlovo kusuka eka muhlovo wo pavuluka yo dzwihala kuya eka grey ya silvery, yotshuka yotshuka na buraweni wo dzwihala. oy83fzq6swztvu1ozr7xqla10uxbjzm 0 7691 42635 40603 2026-09-25T22:29:22Z Salivary 12474 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1375698687|Bank]]" 42635 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bangi''' i nhlangano wa swa timali lowu amukelaka mali leyi humaka eka vanhu naswona wu endla tidipoziti leti nga komberiwaka loko u ri karhi wu lombisa vanhu mali.<ref>Compare: {{Cite web|date=January 1, 2014|title=Bank of England|url=http://www.prarulebook.co.uk/rulebook/Glossary/Rulebook/0/B|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180713043152/http://www.prarulebook.co.uk/rulebook/Glossary/Rulebook/0/B|archive-date=July 13, 2018|accessdate=July 20, 2020|website=Rulebook Glossary|quote='''bank''' means: <br /> (1) a firm with a Part 4A Permission to carry on the regulated activity of accepting deposits and is a credit institution, but is not a credit union, friendly society or a building society; or <br /> (2) an EEA bank.}}</ref> Mintirho yo lomba yi nga endliwa hi ku kongoma hi bangi kumbe hi ndlela leyi nga kongomangiki hi timakete ta timali.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Choudhry |first=Moorad |year=2012 |title=[[The Principles of Banking]] |publisher=[[Wiley (publisher)|Wiley]] |isbn=978-1-119-75564-7 |page=3 |language=en}}</ref> 4l1vyfbycs7cwmywzl2ilfudpf8ngkc 0 7780 42620 41983 2026-09-25T17:25:10Z Bayedeee 12513 Created by translating the section "Anatomy" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1372727700|Giraffe]]" 42620 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Giraffe_2019-07-28.jpg|thumb|Xifaniso xa Nhutlwa]] '''Nhutlwa''' i [[xiharhi]] xa nhova lexi mamisaka xo leha kutlula swiharhi swinwana,<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Giraffe Facts {{!}} Mammals {{!}} BBC Earth|url=https://www.bbcearth.com/factfiles/animals/mammals/giraffe|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260210002229/https://www.bbcearth.com/factfiles/animals/mammals/giraffe|archive-date=2026-02-10|access-date=2026-02-27|website=www.bbcearth.com|language=en|dead-url=no}}</ref> naswona xikumeka e tikweni-nkulu ra Africa.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Nowak|first=Ronald M.|title=Walker's mammals of the world|url=https://archive.org/details/walkersmammalsof0002nowa_d2q4|date=1999|publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press|isbn=978-0-8018-5789-8|edition=6th ed|location=Baltimore|pages=[https://archive.org/details/walkersmammalsof0002nowa_d2q4/page/1086 1086]–1089|language=EN}}</ref> Hi ntolovelo, tinhutlwa a ti tekiwa ti ri muxaka wun'we, Kamba vulavisisi bya manguva lawa byi komba leswaku kuna tinxaka ta mune ta tinhutlwa leti ta ha hanyaka, nakambe kuna tsevu ya tinxaka ta tinhutlwa leti nga ha riki kona, let tsumburiweke hi ku ya hi rhekhodo ya masalela ya marhambu ya swilo leswi feke.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Are there different types of giraffe? - Giraffe Conservation Foundation|url=https://giraffeconservation.org/facts-about-giraffe/are-there-different-types-of-giraffe/|date=2024-11-08|access-date=2026-02-27|language=en-US}}</ref> Swihlawulekisi swa tinhutlwa i minkolo ya tona yo leha swinene na milenge, tindleve to fana na timhondzo, na mavalavala ya nhlonge yo hlawuleka naswona yo hambana kuya hi nhutlwa yin’wana na yin’wana.<ref name=":0" /> Tinhutlwa kumeka ku suka e[[Chad]] en'walungwini ku ya eAfrika Dzonga edzongeni na ku suka eNiger evupeladyambu ku ya e[[Somalia]] evuxeni.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Not all giraffe are the same - Giraffe Conservation Foundation|url=https://giraffeconservation.org/giraffe-species/|date=2024-11-08|access-date=2026-02-27|language=en-US}}</ref> Swakudya swa tona i matluka, mihandzu na swiluva swa swimilana swa timhandzi, ngopfu-ngopfu nsinya wa nsasane, lowu ti wu dyaka eka tindhawu leti tlakukeke leti swiharhi swin'wana leswi dyaka swimilana swi nga swi kotiki ku ti fikelela.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Resources and Habitat Requirements for Giraffes’ (Giraffa camelopardalis) Diet Selection in the Northwestern Kalahari, South Africa|url=https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/13/2188|journal=Animals|date=2023-07-03|issn=2076-2615|pmc=10339880|pmid=37443986|pages=2188|volume=13|issue=13|doi=10.3390/ani13132188|language=en|first=Francois|last=Deacon|first2=Gert Nicolaas|last2=Smit|first3=Andri|last3=Grobbelaar}}</ref> Tinhutlwa ti dyiwa hi swiharhi swofana na tinghala, tiyingwe, timfenhe na timbyana ta nhova ta le Afrika.<ref name=":0" /> Tinhutlwa ti tshama eka mintlhambi ya ta xisati leti yelanaka, leyi nga riki na ta xinuna leti kuleke. Tinhutlwa ta xinuna ti simeka xiyimo xa vunhenha hi ku tlula-tlula, ti thlela ti tirhisa tinhamu tanihi tlhari ro lwa hi rona.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Giraffes Prefer a Fair Fight|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/17/science/giraffes-fighting.html|work=The New York Times|date=2021-09-17|access-date=2026-02-27|issn=0362-4331|language=en-US|first=Joshua Rapp|last=Learn}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == <references /> == Anatomy == Ti nhuntwla leti kuleke hiku hetiseka ti yima {{cvt|4.3|–|5.7|m}} yo leha, laha ya xinuna yi leheke kutlula ya xisati. <ref name="Nowak1999">{{Cite book |last=Nowak, R.M. |date=1999 |title=Walker's Mammals of the World |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7W-DGRILSBoC&pg=PA1086 |publisher=The [[Johns Hopkins University Press]] |isbn=978-0-8018-5789-8 |volume=1 |pages=1086–1089 |access-date=30 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230922073614/https://books.google.com/books?id=7W-DGRILSBoC&pg=PA1086 |archive-date=22 September 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Hambileswi nhamu na milenge ya yona yiri leyo Lena, miri wa yona wu komile swinene. <ref name="anatomy">{{Cite book |last=Swaby, S. |year=2010 |title=Mammal Anatomy: An Illustrated Guide |publisher=[[Marshall Cavendish]] |isbn=978-0-7614-7882-9 |editor-last=Harris, T. |pages=64–84 |chapter=Giraffe}}</ref> 2wlz361q7t00u3w5qsqme9lz86yepbi 0 7841 42618 41231 2026-09-25T17:18:11Z Bayedeee 12513 Created by translating the section "Characteristics" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1376557608|Cheetah]]" 42618 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Xikakaka''' ( '''''Acinonyx jubatus''''' ) i muxaka wa xiharhi lexi xi tsutsumaka swinene, lexi kotaka ku tsutsuma hi 93 to 104 km/h (58 ku ya eka 65 mph) ; yi hundzukile hi rivilo, yina misiha ya matimba ya swirho swale ndzhaku, swirho swo leha na nkolo lowu olovaka. xikakaka xina voya byo basa bya tawny kuya eka creamy kumbe pale buff lebyi tivekaka hi swivati swa ntima leswi ringanaka, leswi tiyeke. Nhloko ya yona i yitsongo naswona i xirhendzevutani, yina nomu wo koma na swirhendzevutani swa ntima leswi fanaka na mihloti emahlweni. Yi fika eka 67–94 cm (2,20–3,08) hi xitalo ft) ekatleni, naswona ku leha ka nhloko na miri swile xikarhi ka 1.1 and 1.5 m (3.) 7 eka na 4  11 endzeni) . Vanhu lavakulu va tika exikarhi ka 21 kuya eka 65 kg (46 na 143 lb) . xikakaka xi hlamuseriwa ro sungula eku heleni ka lembe-xidzana ra vu khume nhungu. Tinxaka letitsongo ta mune ta tiviwa namuntlha leti tumbulukaka [[Afrika|eAfrika]] ni le xikarhi ka [[Iran]] . Muxaka lowuntsongo wa Afrika nghenisiwile hi 2022. Sweswi wu hangalakile ngopfu eka vaaki lavantsongo, lava hambanisiweke e n’walungu vupela dyambu, vuxa na dzonga wa Afrika nale xikarhi ka Iran. Yi tshama etindhawini to hambana-hambana to tanihi ti- savannah eSerengeti, tintshava leti omeke eSahara, ni tindhawu ta mananga leti nga ni switsunga. xikakaka xi hanya eka mitlawa yi nharhu leyinkulu ya ntshamisano , xikaka xa xisati na swinyenyani swa xona, xa xinuna, na xa xinuna lexi nga yoxe. Loko ta xisati ti hanya vutomi byo rhurha ti lava swiharhi leswi dyaka eka tindhawu letikulu ta le makaya, ta xinuna ti tshama ngopfu naswona ematshan’weni ya sweswo ti simeka tindhawu letitsongo swinene etindhawini leti nga ni swiharhi swo tala ni ku fikelela ta xisati. xikakaka xi tirha hi nkarhi wa nhlikanhi, xiva na tinhlohlorhi hi nkarhi wa dyambu na dyambu. xidya swiharhi leswintsongo kuya eka swale xikarhi, ngopfu ngopfu switika ehansi ka 40 kg (88.) kg lb), naswona xitsakela swihadyani swa mavoko swa vukulu byale xikarhi swofana na mhala 'springbok" na Thomson’s gazelles . xikakaka hi ntolovelo yi hlongorisa naswona yi tshinelela xiharhi lexi yi xi dyaka eka 30–200 m (98-656.) Xitatimende xa Xitsonga ft) yi nga si hlasela hi rivilo lerikulu, yi ba xiharhi lexi xi xi dlayeke hi dewclaw ya yona yi ri karhi yi yi hlongorisa hi ku helela ivi yi xi dlaya hi ku luma nhamu . Yi tswala lembe hinkwaro. Endzhaku ka ku tika kwalomu ka tinhweti tinharhu, xa xisati ti tswala xihlangi xa swinyenyani swinharhu kumbe mune, leswi lumuriwaka kwalomu ka mune wa tinhweti naswona swi tiyimela hi swoxe loko swiri na kwalomu ka 20 wa tinhweti hi vukhale. Swinyenyana swa ti- cheetah swi hlaseriwa swinene hi swiharhi swin’wana leswikulu leswi dyaka nyama swo tanihi tinghala ni [[Mhisi|tingwenya]], leti na tona hi ntolovelo ti yivaka swidlaya-swilo eka swikakaka leswikulu. [[File:Felisjubatus.jpg|alt=Illustration of the woolly cheetah (Felis lanea) published in the Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London in 1877|thumb|Xifaniso xa "woolly cheetah" (leyi hlamuseriwaka tani hi ''Felis lanea'' ) kusuka eka ''Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London'') .]]   == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Swiharhi]] [[Category:Swiharhi swa le kaya]] == Swihlawulekisi == [[File:Cheetah_portrait_Whipsnade_Zoo.jpg|alt=Close-up of the face of a cheetah showing black tear marks running from the corners of the eyes down the side of the nose|thumb|Xifaniso xa cheetah lexi kombisaka "mihloti" ya ntima leyi tsutsumaka kusuka emakhoneni ya mahlo kuya ehansi etlhelo ka nhlonge]] Xinkakaka i ximanga xa miri wo olova, xa swivati lexi xi tivekaka hi nhloko leyintsongo, leyi rhetaka, nomu wo koma, swirhendzevutani swa ntima leswi fanaka na mihloti emahlweni, xifuva xo enta, swirho swo leha na ncila wo leha. Ntikelo wa mirhi wunga hambana kuya hi malembe, rihanyo, ndzhawu, rimbewu na tinxaka letintsongo; hi ntolovelo vanhu lavakulu va le xikarhi ka {{cvt|21|and|65|kg}} . <ref name="marker2003">{{Cite journal |last=Marker |first=L. L. |last2=Dickman |first2=A. J. |name-list-style=amp |date=2003 |title=Morphology, physical condition, and growth of the cheetah (''Acinonyx jubatus jubatus'') |url=https://cheetah.org/resource-library/morphology-physical-condition-and-growth-of-the-cheetah/ |journal=[[Journal of Mammalogy]] |volume=84 |issue=3 |pages=840–850 |bibcode=2003JMamm..84..840M |doi=10.1644/BRB-036 |jstor=1383847 |doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref name="Schaller-1972">{{Cite book |last=Schaller |first=G. B. |date=1972 |title=The Serengeti lion: A study of predator-prey relations |url=http://archive.org/details/serengetilion00geor |publisher=University of Chicago Press |isbn=978-0-226-73640-2 |pages=298, 317, 385, 386, 458}}</ref> tpjah5ubk6f10mndhy0vyb7g4j5hffz 0 8169 42640 42516 2026-09-25T22:58:05Z Mabundaxiluva 12530 Ndzi tumbuluxe papila ra vatswari 42640 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Parents and their baby.jpg|thumb|Xifaniso xa vatswari]] '''Vatswari''' va endla xin’wana xa swiphemu swa nkoka swinene evuton’wini bya n’wana. Va nyika rirhandzu, nsirhelelo, nkongomiso na nseketelo kusukela evuhlangini kuya fika eka vukulu. Vutswari a hi ku nyika swakudya, swiambalo na dyondzo ntsena; swi tlhela swi katsa ku pfuna vana ku kula hi tlhelo ra mintlhaveko, eka ntshamisano, emirini na le ka miehleketo. Kuya hi UNICEF, vatswari na vahlayisi va na nkucetelo lowukulu eka ku kula ka vana ka ha ri emahlweni naswona va pfuneta ku tumbuluxa masungulo ya vuxaka lebyi hanyeke kahle, ku dyondza na vuhlayiseki.Hakanyingi vatswari i vadyondzisi vo sungula va n’wana.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Child development {{!}} UNICEF Parenting|url=https://www.unicef.org/parenting/child-development|accessdate=2026-09-23|website=www.unicef.org|language=en}}</ref> Vana va nga si nghena xikolo, va dyondza vuhlanganisi bya masungulo, mahanyelo, mimpimanyeto na vuswikoti bya ntshamisano eka mindyangu ya vona. Mintirho yo olova yo fana na ku vulavula, ku hlaya, ku tlanga na ku heta nkarhi swin’we swi nga hoxa xandla eka ku kula ka n’wana. UNICEF yi hlamusela leswaku tindhawu ni mintokoto ya vana swi kucetela ndlela leyi va hluvukaka ni ku dyondza ha yona.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Child development {{!}} UNICEF Parenting|url=https://www.unicef.org/parenting/child-development|accessdate=2026-09-23|website=www.unicef.org|language=en}}</ref> Vatswari va tlhela va dyondzisa vana mimpimanyeto ya nkoka yo fana na ku tshembeka, musa, xichavo, vutihlamuleri na ntwela-vusiwana. Tidyondzo leti ti nga kucetela ndlela leyi vana va tirhisanaka ha yona ni vanhu van’wana ni ndlela leyi va angulaka ha yona eka mintlhontlho evuton’wini bya vona hinkwabyo.Rirhandzu ni nseketelo wa mintlhaveko i swiphemu swa nkoka swa vutswari. Vana va fanele ku titwa va hlayisekile, va amukeriwa na ku va va ri va nkoka hi vatswari va vona. Vuxaka lebyi khathalelaka byi nga pfuna vana leswaku va titshemba ni ku sirheleleka emintlhavekweni.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The power of parenting {{!}} UNICEF|url=https://www.unicef.org/stories/power-parenting|accessdate=2026-09-23|website=www.unicef.org|language=en}}</ref> UNICEF yi kandziyisa leswaku ku kula u titwa u rhandziwa ni ku kuma nkhathalelo lowu kurisaka swi nga endla ku hambana ka nkoka eku kuleni ka n’wana. Vuxaka byo seketela na vahlayisi na byona i bya nkoka eka vuhlayiseki na nhluvukiso wa vana.Vatswari va ni xiphemu xa nkoka eku dyondziseni ka vana va vona. Va nga khutaza vana ku ya exikolweni nkarhi na nkarhi, va hetisa ntirho wa vona wa xikolo, va va ni mikhuva leyinene yo dyondza ni ku tsakela ku dyondza. A swi bohi leswaku vatswari va tiva dyondzo yin’wana ni yin’wana ya xikolo leswaku va kota ku seketela vana va vona. Ku khutaza, ku vulavurisana na vadyondzisi na ku tumbuluxa ndhawu leyi faneleke yo dyondza swi nga endla ku hambana loku nga na nhlamuselo.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-02-28|title=Parenting of Adolescents {{!}} UNICEF|url=https://www.unicef.org/reports/parenting-adolescents|accessdate=2026-09-23|website=www.unicef.org|language=en}}</ref> UNICEF yi xiya leswaku vatswari va teka swiboho na ku nyika nseketelo lowu fambelanaka na dyondzo ya vana, rihanyo, swakudya na vuhlayiseki, hinkwaswo leswi swi nga kucetela nhluvukiso.Vana va lava nkongomiso loko va ri karhi va kula. Vatswari va pfuna vana ku twisisa ku hambana exikarhi ka mahanyelo lama faneleke na lama nga fanelangiki. Vutswari lebyi humelelaka byi katsa ku veka mindzilakano leyi twalaka loko u ri karhi u yingisela ni mintlhaveko ni swilaveko swa vana.<ref>{{Cite web|title=UNICEF parenting {{!}} UNICEF South Africa|url=https://www.unicef.org/southafrica/unicef-parenting|accessdate=2026-09-23|website=www.unicef.org|language=en}}</ref> Loko vana va ri emalembeni ya kondlo-a-ndzi-dyi, ntirho wa vatswari wa cinca. Vantshwa va tiyimela hi voxe naswona va sungula ku tiendlela swiboho swo tala. UNICEF yi xiya leswaku vutswari hi nkarhi wa vuntshwa swi lava vutshila na tindlela leti faneleke eka nhluvukiso loko swilaveko swa vana swi cinca.Ku va mutswari namuntlha swi nga va ntlhontlho. Vatswari va nga ha boheka ku ringanisela ntirho, vutihlamuleri bya le kaya, dyondzo ni ku hlayisa vana. Thekinoloji yi tlhele yi nghenisa mintlhontlho leyintshwa, ku katsa na ku lawula matirhiselo ya vana ya ti-smartphone, swihangalasamahungu swa le ka social media na inthanete.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2026-08-24|title=Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University|url=https://developingchild.harvard.edu/homepage/|accessdate=2026-09-23|website=Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University|language=en-US}}</ref> == SWIHLOVO == <references /> * h4y4ygx3q48jaaya7yvkepfr74b1oug 2 8180 42583 2026-09-25T12:45:05Z Kataliya23 12473 ku tsala dirafiti 42583 wikitext text/x-wiki Leyi i Dirafiti ya mina ya 9 lwef5tf0nm7720x8hn1ysjtxx029lnq 42584 42583 2026-09-25T13:03:53Z Kataliya23 12473 ku atikili 42584 wikitext text/x-wiki Leyi i Dirafiti ya mina ya 9 KEREKE Kereke i ndhawu yo kwetsima laha Vakreste va hlengeletanaka kona ku gandzela Xikwembu. Eka kereke, vanhu va khongela, va yimbelela tinsimu ta vukhongeri, va hlaya Bibele naswona va yingisela rito ra Xikwembu. Kereke yi pfuna vanhu ku dyondza swinene hi Xikwembu, rirhandzu ra xona ni ndlela leyi va faneleke ku hanya ha yona evuton'wini bya siku na siku. Kereke a hi ntsena muako kambe i ntlawa wa vapfumeri lava hlanganisiwaku hi ripfumelo ra vona eka Xikwembu. Vanhu lava va seketelana, va khutazana naswona va pfuna lava nga eka swiyimo swo tika. Hiku tirhisa kereke, vanhu va kota ku aka vuxaka lebyi tiyeke na Xikwembu ni ku kurisa ripfumelo ra vona. Eka kereke ku tlhela ku va na mintirho yo hambanahambana yo fana na nkhuvo, minyalo, minhlangano ya vukhongeri ni ku khongelela vavabyi. Vafundhisi ni varhangeri va kereke va dyondzisa vanhu milawu ni tidyondzo ta Bibele leswaku va kota ku hanya vutomi lebyi nga na mahanyelo lamanene. Nakambe kereke yi na xiave xa nkoka eka vaaki hikuva yi khutaza rirhandzu, ku rhula, ku rivalelana ni vun'we exikarhi ka vanhu. yi tlhela yi pfuna lava pfumalaka swakudya, swiambalo kumbe nseketelo wa moya. Hi ndlela leyi kereke yi va ndhawu leyi vanhu va kumaka ntshembo, nchavelelo ni nkongomiso eka vutomi bya vona. Hikwalaho kereke i ndhawu ya nkoka swinene eka vutomi bya Vakreste hikuva yi pfuna ku tshinela eka Xikwembu, Ku dyondza rito ra xona ni ku hanya vutomi lebyi nga na ku tshembeka, rirhandzu ni ku tirhela van'wana h95q3vef200fqb1h2gjti8m94x38kjc 42585 42584 2026-09-25T13:04:32Z Kataliya23 12473 ku chela bold 42585 wikitext text/x-wiki Leyi i Dirafiti ya mina ya 9 KEREKE '''Kereke''' i ndhawu yo kwetsima laha Vakreste va hlengeletanaka kona ku gandzela Xikwembu. Eka kereke, vanhu va khongela, va yimbelela tinsimu ta vukhongeri, va hlaya Bibele naswona va yingisela rito ra Xikwembu. Kereke yi pfuna vanhu ku dyondza swinene hi Xikwembu, rirhandzu ra xona ni ndlela leyi va faneleke ku hanya ha yona evuton'wini bya siku na siku. Kereke a hi ntsena muako kambe i ntlawa wa vapfumeri lava hlanganisiwaku hi ripfumelo ra vona eka Xikwembu. Vanhu lava va seketelana, va khutazana naswona va pfuna lava nga eka swiyimo swo tika. Hiku tirhisa kereke, vanhu va kota ku aka vuxaka lebyi tiyeke na Xikwembu ni ku kurisa ripfumelo ra vona. Eka kereke ku tlhela ku va na mintirho yo hambanahambana yo fana na nkhuvo, minyalo, minhlangano ya vukhongeri ni ku khongelela vavabyi. Vafundhisi ni varhangeri va kereke va dyondzisa vanhu milawu ni tidyondzo ta Bibele leswaku va kota ku hanya vutomi lebyi nga na mahanyelo lamanene. Nakambe kereke yi na xiave xa nkoka eka vaaki hikuva yi khutaza rirhandzu, ku rhula, ku rivalelana ni vun'we exikarhi ka vanhu. yi tlhela yi pfuna lava pfumalaka swakudya, swiambalo kumbe nseketelo wa moya. Hi ndlela leyi kereke yi va ndhawu leyi vanhu va kumaka ntshembo, nchavelelo ni nkongomiso eka vutomi bya vona. Hikwalaho kereke i ndhawu ya nkoka swinene eka vutomi bya Vakreste hikuva yi pfuna ku tshinela eka Xikwembu, Ku dyondza rito ra xona ni ku hanya vutomi lebyi nga na ku tshembeka, rirhandzu ni ku tirhela van'wana 57wnxgcyc0w00gaff82gef12wfyg6sg 42586 42585 2026-09-25T13:05:18Z Kataliya23 12473 Ku tsala heading 42586 wikitext text/x-wiki Leyi i Dirafiti ya mina ya 9 KEREKE '''Kereke''' i ndhawu yo kwetsima laha Vakreste va hlengeletanaka kona ku gandzela Xikwembu. Eka kereke, vanhu va khongela, va yimbelela tinsimu ta vukhongeri, va hlaya Bibele naswona va yingisela rito ra Xikwembu. Kereke yi pfuna vanhu ku dyondza swinene hi Xikwembu, rirhandzu ra xona ni ndlela leyi va faneleke ku hanya ha yona evuton'wini bya siku na siku. Kereke a hi ntsena muako kambe i ntlawa wa vapfumeri lava hlanganisiwaku hi ripfumelo ra vona eka Xikwembu. Vanhu lava va seketelana, va khutazana naswona va pfuna lava nga eka swiyimo swo tika. Hiku tirhisa kereke, vanhu va kota ku aka vuxaka lebyi tiyeke na Xikwembu ni ku kurisa ripfumelo ra vona. Eka kereke ku tlhela ku va na mintirho yo hambanahambana yo fana na nkhuvo, minyalo, minhlangano ya vukhongeri ni ku khongelela vavabyi. Vafundhisi ni varhangeri va kereke va dyondzisa vanhu milawu ni tidyondzo ta Bibele leswaku va kota ku hanya vutomi lebyi nga na mahanyelo lamanene. Nakambe kereke yi na xiave xa nkoka eka vaaki hikuva yi khutaza rirhandzu, ku rhula, ku rivalelana ni vun'we exikarhi ka vanhu. yi tlhela yi pfuna lava pfumalaka swakudya, swiambalo kumbe nseketelo wa moya. Hi ndlela leyi kereke yi va ndhawu leyi vanhu va kumaka ntshembo, nchavelelo ni nkongomiso eka vutomi bya vona. Hikwalaho kereke i ndhawu ya nkoka swinene eka vutomi bya Vakreste hikuva yi pfuna ku tshinela eka Xikwembu, Ku dyondza rito ra xona ni ku hanya vutomi lebyi nga na ku tshembeka, rirhandzu ni ku tirhela van'wana == Swikombo == jpc264at85ggwxuunujiwo208yj4igv 42587 42586 2026-09-25T13:07:10Z Kataliya23 12473 Ku chela liki. 42587 wikitext text/x-wiki Leyi i Dirafiti ya mina ya 9 KEREKE '''Kereke''' i ndhawu yo kwetsima laha Vakreste va hlengeletanaka kona ku gandzela [[Xikwembu]]. Eka kereke, vanhu va khongela, va yimbelela tinsimu ta vukhongeri, va hlaya [[Bibele]] naswona va yingisela rito ra Xikwembu. Kereke yi pfuna vanhu ku dyondza swinene hi Xikwembu, rirhandzu ra xona ni ndlela leyi va faneleke ku hanya ha yona evuton'wini bya siku na siku. Kereke a hi ntsena muako kambe i ntlawa wa vapfumeri lava hlanganisiwaku hi ripfumelo ra vona eka Xikwembu. Vanhu lava va seketelana, va khutazana naswona va pfuna lava nga eka swiyimo swo tika. Hiku tirhisa kereke, vanhu va kota ku aka vuxaka lebyi tiyeke na Xikwembu ni ku kurisa ripfumelo ra vona. Eka kereke ku tlhela ku va na mintirho yo hambanahambana yo fana na nkhuvo, minyalo, minhlangano ya vukhongeri ni ku khongelela vavabyi. Vafundhisi ni varhangeri va kereke va dyondzisa vanhu milawu ni tidyondzo ta Bibele leswaku va kota ku hanya vutomi lebyi nga na mahanyelo lamanene. Nakambe kereke yi na xiave xa nkoka eka vaaki hikuva yi khutaza rirhandzu, ku rhula, ku rivalelana ni vun'we exikarhi ka vanhu. yi tlhela yi pfuna lava pfumalaka swakudya, swiambalo kumbe nseketelo wa moya. Hi ndlela leyi kereke yi va ndhawu leyi vanhu va kumaka ntshembo, nchavelelo ni nkongomiso eka vutomi bya vona. Hikwalaho kereke i ndhawu ya nkoka swinene eka vutomi bya Vakreste hikuva yi pfuna ku tshinela eka Xikwembu, Ku dyondza rito ra xona ni ku hanya vutomi lebyi nga na ku tshembeka, rirhandzu ni ku tirhela van'wana == Swikombo == 1tnwieu3pochebwl8r10hq1go7l4ya8 42588 42587 2026-09-25T13:11:29Z Kataliya23 12473 ku chela cite 42588 wikitext text/x-wiki Leyi i Dirafiti ya mina ya 9 KEREKE '''Kereke''' i ndhawu yo kwetsima laha Vakreste va hlengeletanaka kona ku gandzela [[Xikwembu]]. Eka kereke, vanhu va khongela, va yimbelela tinsimu ta vukhongeri, va hlaya [[Bibele]] naswona va yingisela rito ra Xikwembu. Kereke yi pfuna vanhu ku dyondza swinene hi Xikwembu, rirhandzu ra xona ni ndlela leyi va faneleke ku hanya ha yona evuton'wini bya siku na siku<ref name=":1">EgRlZGdlKgYIABBFGDkyBggAEEUYOTIGCAEQLhhAMgYIAhAAGEAyBggDEAAYQDIGCAQQLhhAMgYIBRAAGEAyBggGEAAYQDIGCAcQLhhAMgYICBAAGEDSAQg2NTI2ajBqMagCALACAA</ref>. Kereke a hi ntsena muako kambe i ntlawa wa vapfumeri lava hlanganisiwaku hi ripfumelo ra vona eka Xikwembu. Vanhu lava va seketelana, va khutazana naswona va pfuna lava nga eka swiyimo swo tika. Hiku tirhisa kereke, vanhu va kota ku aka vuxaka lebyi tiyeke na Xikwembu ni ku kurisa ripfumelo ra vona. Eka kereke ku tlhela ku va na mintirho yo hambanahambana yo fana na nkhuvo, minyalo, minhlangano ya vukhongeri ni ku khongelela vavabyi. Vafundhisi ni varhangeri va kereke va dyondzisa vanhu milawu ni tidyondzo ta Bibele leswaku va kota ku hanya vutomi lebyi nga na mahanyelo lamanene. Nakambe kereke yi na xiave xa nkoka eka vaaki hikuva yi khutaza rirhandzu, ku rhula, ku rivalelana ni vun'we exikarhi ka vanhu. yi tlhela yi pfuna lava pfumalaka swakudya, swiambalo kumbe nseketelo wa moya<ref name=":1" />. Hi ndlela leyi kereke yi va ndhawu leyi vanhu va kumaka ntshembo, nchavelelo ni nkongomiso eka vutomi bya vona. Hikwalaho kereke i ndhawu ya nkoka swinene eka vutomi bya Vakreste hikuva yi pfuna ku tshinela eka Xikwembu, Ku dyondza rito ra xona ni ku hanya vutomi lebyi nga na ku tshembeka, rirhandzu ni ku tirhela van'wana == Swikombo == fxaj8m5lkisbztjahrxw680crf9dw5x 42589 42588 2026-09-25T13:13:14Z Kataliya23 12473 ku chela khathegorisi 42589 wikitext text/x-wiki Leyi i Dirafiti ya mina ya 9 KEREKE '''Kereke''' i ndhawu yo kwetsima laha Vakreste va hlengeletanaka kona ku gandzela [[Xikwembu]]. Eka kereke, vanhu va khongela, va yimbelela tinsimu ta vukhongeri, va hlaya [[Bibele]] naswona va yingisela rito ra Xikwembu. Kereke yi pfuna vanhu ku dyondza swinene hi Xikwembu, rirhandzu ra xona ni ndlela leyi va faneleke ku hanya ha yona evuton'wini bya siku na siku<ref name=":1">EgRlZGdlKgYIABBFGDkyBggAEEUYOTIGCAEQLhhAMgYIAhAAGEAyBggDEAAYQDIGCAQQLhhAMgYIBRAAGEAyBggGEAAYQDIGCAcQLhhAMgYICBAAGEDSAQg2NTI2ajBqMagCALACAA</ref>. Kereke a hi ntsena muako kambe i ntlawa wa vapfumeri lava hlanganisiwaku hi ripfumelo ra vona eka Xikwembu. Vanhu lava va seketelana, va khutazana naswona va pfuna lava nga eka swiyimo swo tika. Hiku tirhisa kereke, vanhu va kota ku aka vuxaka lebyi tiyeke na Xikwembu ni ku kurisa ripfumelo ra vona. Eka kereke ku tlhela ku va na mintirho yo hambanahambana yo fana na nkhuvo, minyalo, minhlangano ya vukhongeri ni ku khongelela vavabyi. Vafundhisi ni varhangeri va kereke va dyondzisa vanhu milawu ni tidyondzo ta Bibele leswaku va kota ku hanya vutomi lebyi nga na mahanyelo lamanene. Nakambe kereke yi na xiave xa nkoka eka vaaki hikuva yi khutaza rirhandzu, ku rhula, ku rivalelana ni vun'we exikarhi ka vanhu. yi tlhela yi pfuna lava pfumalaka swakudya, swiambalo kumbe nseketelo wa moya<ref name=":1" />. Hi ndlela leyi kereke yi va ndhawu leyi vanhu va kumaka ntshembo, nchavelelo ni nkongomiso eka vutomi bya vona. Hikwalaho kereke i ndhawu ya nkoka swinene eka vutomi bya Vakreste hikuva yi pfuna ku tshinela eka Xikwembu, Ku dyondza rito ra xona ni ku hanya vutomi lebyi nga na ku tshembeka, rirhandzu ni ku tirhela van'wana == Swikombo == <references /> [[Category:Vukhongeri]] d8eix6m4gtatlp3rp2cttj94vjm5ixg 42590 42589 2026-09-25T13:16:18Z Kataliya23 12473 ku chela xifaniso 42590 wikitext text/x-wiki Leyi i Dirafiti ya mina ya 9 KEREKE [[File:Bell tower of Church of Beheading of John the Baptist in Moscow.jpg|thumb|Kereke]] '''Kereke''' i ndhawu yo kwetsima laha Vakreste va hlengeletanaka kona ku gandzela [[Xikwembu]]. Eka kereke, vanhu va khongela, va yimbelela tinsimu ta vukhongeri, va hlaya [[Bibele]] naswona va yingisela rito ra Xikwembu. Kereke yi pfuna vanhu ku dyondza swinene hi Xikwembu, rirhandzu ra xona ni ndlela leyi va faneleke ku hanya ha yona evuton'wini bya siku na siku<ref name=":1">EgRlZGdlKgYIABBFGDkyBggAEEUYOTIGCAEQLhhAMgYIAhAAGEAyBggDEAAYQDIGCAQQLhhAMgYIBRAAGEAyBggGEAAYQDIGCAcQLhhAMgYICBAAGEDSAQg2NTI2ajBqMagCALACAA</ref>. Kereke a hi ntsena muako kambe i ntlawa wa vapfumeri lava hlanganisiwaku hi ripfumelo ra vona eka Xikwembu. Vanhu lava va seketelana, va khutazana naswona va pfuna lava nga eka swiyimo swo tika. Hiku tirhisa kereke, vanhu va kota ku aka vuxaka lebyi tiyeke na Xikwembu ni ku kurisa ripfumelo ra vona. Eka kereke ku tlhela ku va na mintirho yo hambanahambana yo fana na nkhuvo, minyalo, minhlangano ya vukhongeri ni ku khongelela vavabyi. Vafundhisi ni varhangeri va kereke va dyondzisa vanhu milawu ni tidyondzo ta Bibele leswaku va kota ku hanya vutomi lebyi nga na mahanyelo lamanene. Nakambe kereke yi na xiave xa nkoka eka vaaki hikuva yi khutaza rirhandzu, ku rhula, ku rivalelana ni vun'we exikarhi ka vanhu. yi tlhela yi pfuna lava pfumalaka swakudya, swiambalo kumbe nseketelo wa moya<ref name=":1" />. Hi ndlela leyi kereke yi va ndhawu leyi vanhu va kumaka ntshembo, nchavelelo ni nkongomiso eka vutomi bya vona. Hikwalaho kereke i ndhawu ya nkoka swinene eka vutomi bya Vakreste hikuva yi pfuna ku tshinela eka Xikwembu, Ku dyondza rito ra xona ni ku hanya vutomi lebyi nga na ku tshembeka, rirhandzu ni ku tirhela van'wana == Swikombo == <references /> [[Category:Vukhongeri]] bixdca952if13mn9je9ocegizkygukt 42611 42590 2026-09-25T14:35:06Z Kataliya23 12473 42611 wikitext text/x-wiki <ref>[https://www.bing.com/search?pglt=297&q=church&cvid=b5e221e7acb7431bb5644a3f4d28afe7&gs_lcrp=EgRlZGdlKgYIABBFGDkyBggAEEUYOTIGCAEQLhhAMgYIAhAAGEAyBggDEAAYQDIGCAQQLhhAMgYIBRAAGEAyBggGEAAYQDIGCAcQLhhAMgYICBAAGEDSAQg3OTI2ajBqMagCALACAA&FORM=ANNTA1&PC=HCTS church - Search]</ref>Leyi i Dirafiti ya mina ya 9 KEREKE [[File:Bell tower of Church of Beheading of John the Baptist in Moscow.jpg|thumb|Kereke]] '''Kereke''' i ndhawu yo kwetsima laha Vakreste va hlengeletanaka kona ku gandzela [[Xikwembu]]. Eka kereke, vanhu va khongela, va yimbelela tinsimu ta vukhongeri, va hlaya [[Bibele]] naswona va yingisela rito ra Xikwembu. Kereke yi pfuna vanhu ku dyondza swinene hi Xikwembu, rirhandzu ra xona ni ndlela leyi va faneleke ku hanya ha yona evuton'wini bya siku na siku<ref name=":1">[https://www.bing.com/search?pglt=297&q=church&cvid=b5e221e7acb7431bb5644a3f4d28afe7&gs_lcrp=EgRlZGdlKgYIABBFGDkyBggAEEUYOTIGCAEQLhhAMgYIAhAAGEAyBggDEAAYQDIGCAQQLhhAMgYIBRAAGEAyBggGEAAYQDIGCAcQLhhAMgYICBAAGEDSAQg3OTI2ajBqMagCALACAA&FORM=ANNTA1&PC=HCTS church - Search]</ref>. Kereke a hi ntsena muako kambe i ntlawa wa vapfumeri lava hlanganisiwaku hi ripfumelo ra vona eka Xikwembu. Vanhu lava va seketelana, va khutazana naswona va pfuna lava nga eka swiyimo swo tika. Hiku tirhisa kereke, vanhu va kota ku aka vuxaka lebyi tiyeke na Xikwembu ni ku kurisa ripfumelo ra vona. Eka kereke ku tlhela ku va na mintirho yo hambanahambana yo fana na nkhuvo, minyalo, minhlangano ya vukhongeri ni ku khongelela vavabyi. Vafundhisi ni varhangeri va kereke va dyondzisa vanhu milawu ni tidyondzo ta Bibele leswaku va kota ku hanya vutomi lebyi nga na mahanyelo lamanene. Nakambe kereke yi na xiave xa nkoka eka vaaki hikuva yi khutaza rirhandzu, ku rhula, ku rivalelana ni vun'we exikarhi ka vanhu. yi tlhela yi pfuna lava pfumalaka swakudya, swiambalo kumbe nseketelo wa moya<ref name=":1" />. Hi ndlela leyi kereke yi va ndhawu leyi vanhu va kumaka ntshembo, nchavelelo ni nkongomiso eka vutomi bya vona. Hikwalaho kereke i ndhawu ya nkoka swinene eka vutomi bya Vakreste hikuva yi pfuna ku tshinela eka Xikwembu, Ku dyondza rito ra xona ni ku hanya vutomi lebyi nga na ku tshembeka, rirhandzu ni ku tirhela van'wana == Swikombo == <references /> [[Category:Vukhongeri]] hb0se3j1j4tsrcbkoay7isdy1r9pzgf 42612 42611 2026-09-25T14:35:37Z Kataliya23 12473 42612 wikitext text/x-wiki Leyi i Dirafiti ya mina ya 9 KEREKE [[File:Bell tower of Church of Beheading of John the Baptist in Moscow.jpg|thumb|Kereke]] '''Kereke''' i ndhawu yo kwetsima laha Vakreste va hlengeletanaka kona ku gandzela [[Xikwembu]]. Eka kereke, vanhu va khongela, va yimbelela tinsimu ta vukhongeri, va hlaya [[Bibele]] naswona va yingisela rito ra Xikwembu. Kereke yi pfuna vanhu ku dyondza swinene hi Xikwembu, rirhandzu ra xona ni ndlela leyi va faneleke ku hanya ha yona evuton'wini bya siku na siku<ref name=":1">[https://www.bing.com/search?pglt=297&q=church&cvid=b5e221e7acb7431bb5644a3f4d28afe7&gs_lcrp=EgRlZGdlKgYIABBFGDkyBggAEEUYOTIGCAEQLhhAMgYIAhAAGEAyBggDEAAYQDIGCAQQLhhAMgYIBRAAGEAyBggGEAAYQDIGCAcQLhhAMgYICBAAGEDSAQg3OTI2ajBqMagCALACAA&FORM=ANNTA1&PC=HCTS church - Search]</ref>. Kereke a hi ntsena muako kambe i ntlawa wa vapfumeri lava hlanganisiwaku hi ripfumelo ra vona eka Xikwembu. Vanhu lava va seketelana, va khutazana naswona va pfuna lava nga eka swiyimo swo tika. Hiku tirhisa kereke, vanhu va kota ku aka vuxaka lebyi tiyeke na Xikwembu ni ku kurisa ripfumelo ra vona. Eka kereke ku tlhela ku va na mintirho yo hambanahambana yo fana na nkhuvo, minyalo, minhlangano ya vukhongeri ni ku khongelela vavabyi. Vafundhisi ni varhangeri va kereke va dyondzisa vanhu milawu ni tidyondzo ta Bibele leswaku va kota ku hanya vutomi lebyi nga na mahanyelo lamanene. Nakambe kereke yi na xiave xa nkoka eka vaaki hikuva yi khutaza rirhandzu, ku rhula, ku rivalelana ni vun'we exikarhi ka vanhu. yi tlhela yi pfuna lava pfumalaka swakudya, swiambalo kumbe nseketelo wa moya<ref name=":1" />. Hi ndlela leyi kereke yi va ndhawu leyi vanhu va kumaka ntshembo, nchavelelo ni nkongomiso eka vutomi bya vona. Hikwalaho kereke i ndhawu ya nkoka swinene eka vutomi bya Vakreste hikuva yi pfuna ku tshinela eka Xikwembu, Ku dyondza rito ra xona ni ku hanya vutomi lebyi nga na ku tshembeka, rirhandzu ni ku tirhela van'wana == Swikombo == <references /> [[Category:Vukhongeri]] k7yz84ub3mx614fia27dkmz9dyudqq2 2 8181 42593 2026-09-25T13:19:51Z Kataliya23 12473 ku tsala dirafiti 42593 wikitext text/x-wiki Leyi i Dirafiti ya mina ya 10 h0s52euc4hhaidjsuku6z5bkh1ota65 42594 42593 2026-09-25T13:43:37Z Kataliya23 12473 ku tsala atikili 42594 wikitext text/x-wiki Leyi i Dirafiti ya mina ya 10 MANANA Manana i mutswari wa xinsati loyi a nga na rirhandzu eka munhu u nwana na u nwana na swona rirhandzu ra yena ri hlawulekile swinene emisaveni. Manana u sungula ku rhandza n'wana wakwe ku sukela loko a ha ri embelekweni naswona rirhandzu rero ri ya emahlweni vutomi hinkwabyo. U tinyeketela ku hlayisa , ku dyondzisa ni ku sirhelela vana vakwe leswaku va kula kahle.Manana u tirha hi matimba siku rin'wana ni rin'wana leswaku vana vakwe va kuma leswi va swi lavaka. Loko va vabya, u tshama na vona a va hlayisa. Loko va ri na swiphiqo, u nyika switsundzuxo ni nchavelelo. Minkarhi hinkwayo u navela ku vona vana vakwe va tsakile naswona va humelela evuton'wini. Hambileswi minkarhi yin'wana vana va endlaku swihoxo manana wa swikota ku va rivalela a tlhela a va tsundzuxa hi ngozo ra vutomi. Manana u dyondzisa vana va yena ku xixima ni ku tirha hi matimba ni ku hanya vutomi lebyinene . Rirhandzu ra manana ari heli naswona a ri cici hiku famba karhi. Hikwalaho rirhandzu ra manana i nyiko leyikulu swinene ri kombisa musa, ku lehisa mbilu, ku ti nyiketela ni ku khathalela. a kuna munhu loyi a nga fanisaka rirhandzu ra manana hikuva ri huma embilwini naswona ri tshama hilaha ku nga heriki. 5tqfghvc4vjuou487uwobcsekbybums 42595 42594 2026-09-25T13:44:04Z Kataliya23 12473 ku chela bold 42595 wikitext text/x-wiki Leyi i Dirafiti ya mina ya 10 MANANA '''Manana''' i mutswari wa xinsati loyi a nga na rirhandzu eka munhu u nwana na u nwana na swona rirhandzu ra yena ri hlawulekile swinene emisaveni. Manana u sungula ku rhandza n'wana wakwe ku sukela loko a ha ri embelekweni naswona rirhandzu rero ri ya emahlweni vutomi hinkwabyo. U tinyeketela ku hlayisa , ku dyondzisa ni ku sirhelela vana vakwe leswaku va kula kahle.Manana u tirha hi matimba siku rin'wana ni rin'wana leswaku vana vakwe va kuma leswi va swi lavaka. Loko va vabya, u tshama na vona a va hlayisa. Loko va ri na swiphiqo, u nyika switsundzuxo ni nchavelelo. Minkarhi hinkwayo u navela ku vona vana vakwe va tsakile naswona va humelela evuton'wini. Hambileswi minkarhi yin'wana vana va endlaku swihoxo manana wa swikota ku va rivalela a tlhela a va tsundzuxa hi ngozo ra vutomi. Manana u dyondzisa vana va yena ku xixima ni ku tirha hi matimba ni ku hanya vutomi lebyinene . Rirhandzu ra manana ari heli naswona a ri cici hiku famba karhi. Hikwalaho rirhandzu ra manana i nyiko leyikulu swinene ri kombisa musa, ku lehisa mbilu, ku ti nyiketela ni ku khathalela. a kuna munhu loyi a nga fanisaka rirhandzu ra manana hikuva ri huma embilwini naswona ri tshama hilaha ku nga heriki. 1oyqjot7okhzznxhciveripsqqrt2am 42596 42595 2026-09-25T13:44:35Z Kataliya23 12473 Ku tsala heading 42596 wikitext text/x-wiki Leyi i Dirafiti ya mina ya 10 MANANA '''Manana''' i mutswari wa xinsati loyi a nga na rirhandzu eka munhu u nwana na u nwana na swona rirhandzu ra yena ri hlawulekile swinene emisaveni. Manana u sungula ku rhandza n'wana wakwe ku sukela loko a ha ri embelekweni naswona rirhandzu rero ri ya emahlweni vutomi hinkwabyo. U tinyeketela ku hlayisa , ku dyondzisa ni ku sirhelela vana vakwe leswaku va kula kahle.Manana u tirha hi matimba siku rin'wana ni rin'wana leswaku vana vakwe va kuma leswi va swi lavaka. Loko va vabya, u tshama na vona a va hlayisa. Loko va ri na swiphiqo, u nyika switsundzuxo ni nchavelelo. Minkarhi hinkwayo u navela ku vona vana vakwe va tsakile naswona va humelela evuton'wini. Hambileswi minkarhi yin'wana vana va endlaku swihoxo manana wa swikota ku va rivalela a tlhela a va tsundzuxa hi ngozo ra vutomi. Manana u dyondzisa vana va yena ku xixima ni ku tirha hi matimba ni ku hanya vutomi lebyinene . Rirhandzu ra manana ari heli naswona a ri cici hiku famba karhi. Hikwalaho rirhandzu ra manana i nyiko leyikulu swinene ri kombisa musa, ku lehisa mbilu, ku ti nyiketela ni ku khathalela. a kuna munhu loyi a nga fanisaka rirhandzu ra manana hikuva ri huma embilwini naswona ri tshama hilaha ku nga heriki. == Swikombo == 2lh4f92a6piiajr3gsqw8qtmeyj29l9 42597 42596 2026-09-25T13:47:09Z Kataliya23 12473 Ku chela liki. 42597 wikitext text/x-wiki Leyi i Dirafiti ya mina ya 10 MANANA '''Manana''' i mutswari wa xinsati loyi a nga na rirhandzu eka munhu u nwana na u nwana na swona rirhandzu ra yena ri hlawulekile swinene emisaveni. Manana u sungula ku rhandza [[n'wana]] wakwe ku sukela loko a ha ri embelekweni naswona rirhandzu rero ri ya emahlweni vutomi hinkwabyo. U tinyeketela ku hlayisa , ku dyondzisa ni ku sirhelela vana vakwe leswaku va kula kahle.Manana u tirha hi matimba siku rin'wana ni rin'wana leswaku vana vakwe va kuma leswi va swi lavaka. Loko va vabya, u tshama na vona a va hlayisa. Loko va ri na swiphiqo, u nyika switsundzuxo ni nchavelelo. Minkarhi hinkwayo u navela ku vona vana vakwe va tsakile naswona va humelela evuton'wini. Hambileswi minkarhi yin'wana vana va endlaku swihoxo manana wa swikota ku va rivalela a tlhela a va tsundzuxa hi ngozo ra vutomi. Manana u dyondzisa vana va yena ku xixima ni ku tirha hi matimba ni ku hanya vutomi lebyinene . Rirhandzu ra manana ari heli naswona a ri cici hiku famba karhi. Hikwalaho rirhandzu ra manana i nyiko leyikulu swinene ri kombisa musa, ku lehisa mbilu, ku ti nyiketela ni ku khathalela. a kuna [[munhu]] loyi a nga fanisaka rirhandzu ra manana hikuva ri huma embilwini naswona ri tshama hilaha ku nga heriki. == Swikombo == 572cc07gqwhn8yreha92cee7z6ngfjv 42598 42597 2026-09-25T13:48:43Z Kataliya23 12473 ku chela khathegorisi 42598 wikitext text/x-wiki Leyi i Dirafiti ya mina ya 10 MANANA '''Manana''' i mutswari wa xinsati loyi a nga na rirhandzu eka munhu u nwana na u nwana na swona rirhandzu ra yena ri hlawulekile swinene emisaveni. Manana u sungula ku rhandza [[n'wana]] wakwe ku sukela loko a ha ri embelekweni naswona rirhandzu rero ri ya emahlweni vutomi hinkwabyo. U tinyeketela ku hlayisa , ku dyondzisa ni ku sirhelela vana vakwe leswaku va kula kahle.Manana u tirha hi matimba siku rin'wana ni rin'wana leswaku vana vakwe va kuma leswi va swi lavaka. Loko va vabya, u tshama na vona a va hlayisa. Loko va ri na swiphiqo, u nyika switsundzuxo ni nchavelelo. Minkarhi hinkwayo u navela ku vona vana vakwe va tsakile naswona va humelela evuton'wini. Hambileswi minkarhi yin'wana vana va endlaku swihoxo manana wa swikota ku va rivalela a tlhela a va tsundzuxa hi ngozo ra vutomi. Manana u dyondzisa vana va yena ku xixima ni ku tirha hi matimba ni ku hanya vutomi lebyinene . Rirhandzu ra manana ari heli naswona a ri cici hiku famba karhi. Hikwalaho rirhandzu ra manana i nyiko leyikulu swinene ri kombisa musa, ku lehisa mbilu, ku ti nyiketela ni ku khathalela. a kuna [[munhu]] loyi a nga fanisaka rirhandzu ra manana hikuva ri huma embilwini naswona ri tshama hilaha ku nga heriki. == Swikombo == [[Category:Mutswari]] i1s8ddulij5xiztexnm1cs6vgds1m1c 42599 42598 2026-09-25T13:53:31Z Kataliya23 12473 ku chela xifaniso 42599 wikitext text/x-wiki Leyi i Dirafiti ya mina ya 10 [[File:Mother and son.png|thumb|283x283px|xifaniso xa ku komba rirhandzu ra mutswari]] MANANA '''Manana''' i mutswari wa xinsati loyi a nga na rirhandzu eka munhu u nwana na u nwana na swona rirhandzu ra yena ri hlawulekile swinene emisaveni. Manana u sungula ku rhandza [[n'wana]] wakwe ku sukela loko a ha ri embelekweni naswona rirhandzu rero ri ya emahlweni vutomi hinkwabyo. U tinyeketela ku hlayisa , ku dyondzisa ni ku sirhelela vana vakwe leswaku va kula kahle.Manana u tirha hi matimba siku rin'wana ni rin'wana leswaku vana vakwe va kuma leswi va swi lavaka. Loko va vabya, u tshama na vona a va hlayisa. Loko va ri na swiphiqo, u nyika switsundzuxo ni nchavelelo. Minkarhi hinkwayo u navela ku vona vana vakwe va tsakile naswona va humelela evuton'wini. Hambileswi minkarhi yin'wana vana va endlaku swihoxo manana wa swikota ku va rivalela a tlhela a va tsundzuxa hi ngozo ra vutomi. Manana u dyondzisa vana va yena ku xixima ni ku tirha hi matimba ni ku hanya vutomi lebyinene . Rirhandzu ra manana ari heli naswona a ri cici hiku famba karhi. Hikwalaho rirhandzu ra manana i nyiko leyikulu swinene ri kombisa musa, ku lehisa mbilu, ku ti nyiketela ni ku khathalela. a kuna [[munhu]] loyi a nga fanisaka rirhandzu ra manana hikuva ri huma embilwini naswona ri tshama hilaha ku nga heriki. == Swikombo == [[Category:Mutswari]] bpmjfr02pm929glyu5msbwlmxe6x0wb 42600 42599 2026-09-25T13:56:18Z Kataliya23 12473 Ku chela liki. 42600 wikitext text/x-wiki Leyi i Dirafiti ya mina ya 10 [[File:Mother and son.png|thumb|283x283px|xifaniso xa ku komba rirhandzu ra mutswari]] MANANA '''Manana''' i mutswari wa xinsati loyi a nga na rirhandzu eka munhu u nwana na u nwana na swona rirhandzu ra yena ri hlawulekile swinene emisaveni<ref>EgRlZGdlKgYIABBFGDkyBggAEEUYOTIGCAEQABhAMgYIAhAAGEAyBggDEAAYQDIGCAQQABhAMgYIBRAAGEAyBggGEAAYQDIGCAcQABhA0gEIODM2NmowajGoAgiwAgE</ref>. Manana u sungula ku rhandza [[n'wana]] wakwe ku sukela loko a ha ri embelekweni naswona rirhandzu rero ri ya emahlweni vutomi hinkwabyo. U tinyeketela ku hlayisa , ku dyondzisa ni ku sirhelela vana vakwe leswaku va kula kahle.Manana u tirha hi matimba siku rin'wana ni rin'wana leswaku vana vakwe va kuma leswi va swi lavaka. Loko va vabya, u tshama na vona a va hlayisa. Loko va ri na swiphiqo, u nyika switsundzuxo ni nchavelelo. Minkarhi hinkwayo u navela ku vona vana vakwe va tsakile naswona va humelela evuton'wini. Hambileswi minkarhi yin'wana vana va endlaku swihoxo manana wa swikota ku va rivalela a tlhela a va tsundzuxa hi ngozo ra vutomi. Manana u dyondzisa vana va yena ku xixima ni ku tirha hi matimba ni ku hanya vutomi lebyinene . Rirhandzu ra manana ari heli naswona a ri cici hiku famba karhi. Hikwalaho rirhandzu ra manana i nyiko leyikulu swinene ri kombisa musa, ku lehisa mbilu, ku ti nyiketela ni ku khathalela. a kuna [[munhu]] loyi a nga fanisaka rirhandzu ra manana hikuva ri huma embilwini naswona ri tshama hilaha ku nga heriki. == Swikombo == [[Category:Mutswari]] 1p0dhrtgqebu63vkpen78oms1vfjb0f 2 8182 42603 2026-09-25T14:01:43Z Kataliya23 12473 ku tsala dirafiti 42603 wikitext text/x-wiki Leyi i Dirafiti ya mina 11 6bgf4zx5inh3j6z0rk6q0nlkjrksnvk 42604 42603 2026-09-25T14:18:17Z Kataliya23 12473 ku tsala atikili 42604 wikitext text/x-wiki Leyi i Dirafiti ya mina 11 MBYANA Mbyana i xiharhi lexi fuweke hi vanhu vo tala emakaya. Yi tiveka hi ku tshembheka ka yona eka n'wini wa yona naswona yi pfuna ku rindza muti. Mbyana yi ni ku twa kahle ni ku nuhwa kahle, leswi endlaku leswaku yi kota ku lemuka vanhu kumbe swilo leswi nga tolovelekangiki ekusuhi na muti. Mbyana yi tlhela yi va munghana lonene wa vanhu. Yi rhandza ku tlanga ni vana naswona yi kombisa rirhandzu eka vanhu lava hlayisaka. Ku va na mbyana swi lava leswaku munhu a yi nyika swakudya leswi ringaneke, mati yo tenga ni ndhawu leyinene yo tshama eka yona.Nakambe mbyana yi pfuna eka mintirho yo hambanahambana yo fana na ku rindza swifuwo, ku pfuna maphorisa ku lava swigevenga kumbe swilo leswi lahlekeke, ni ku pfuna vanhu van'wana lava nga na vutsoniwa. Hinkwalaho ,mbyana i xiharhi xa nkoka swinene hikuva xi pfuna vanhu naswona xi va munghana wo tshembeka. ciwzt1far2tbmaqjhpulq29y19mu7t7 42605 42604 2026-09-25T14:18:47Z Kataliya23 12473 ku chela bold 42605 wikitext text/x-wiki Leyi i Dirafiti ya mina 11 MBYANA '''Mbyana''' i xiharhi lexi fuweke hi vanhu vo tala emakaya. Yi tiveka hi ku tshembheka ka yona eka n'wini wa yona naswona yi pfuna ku rindza muti. Mbyana yi ni ku twa kahle ni ku nuhwa kahle, leswi endlaku leswaku yi kota ku lemuka vanhu kumbe swilo leswi nga tolovelekangiki ekusuhi na muti. Mbyana yi tlhela yi va munghana lonene wa vanhu. Yi rhandza ku tlanga ni vana naswona yi kombisa rirhandzu eka vanhu lava hlayisaka. Ku va na mbyana swi lava leswaku munhu a yi nyika swakudya leswi ringaneke, mati yo tenga ni ndhawu leyinene yo tshama eka yona.Nakambe mbyana yi pfuna eka mintirho yo hambanahambana yo fana na ku rindza swifuwo, ku pfuna maphorisa ku lava swigevenga kumbe swilo leswi lahlekeke, ni ku pfuna vanhu van'wana lava nga na vutsoniwa. Hinkwalaho ,mbyana i xiharhi xa nkoka swinene hikuva xi pfuna vanhu naswona xi va munghana wo tshembeka. dayrtd9gaweygh70a9ig3dsih5r9ytm 42606 42605 2026-09-25T14:19:12Z Kataliya23 12473 42606 wikitext text/x-wiki Leyi i Dirafiti ya mina 11 MBYANA '''Mbyana''' i xiharhi lexi fuweke hi vanhu vo tala emakaya. Yi tiveka hi ku tshembheka ka yona eka n'wini wa yona naswona yi pfuna ku rindza muti. Mbyana yi ni ku twa kahle ni ku nuhwa kahle, leswi endlaku leswaku yi kota ku lemuka vanhu kumbe swilo leswi nga tolovelekangiki ekusuhi na muti. Mbyana yi tlhela yi va munghana lonene wa vanhu. Yi rhandza ku tlanga ni vana naswona yi kombisa rirhandzu eka vanhu lava hlayisaka. Ku va na mbyana swi lava leswaku munhu a yi nyika swakudya leswi ringaneke, mati yo tenga ni ndhawu leyinene yo tshama eka yona.Nakambe mbyana yi pfuna eka mintirho yo hambanahambana yo fana na ku rindza swifuwo, ku pfuna maphorisa ku lava swigevenga kumbe swilo leswi lahlekeke, ni ku pfuna vanhu van'wana lava nga na vutsoniwa. Hinkwalaho ,mbyana i xiharhi xa nkoka swinene hikuva xi pfuna vanhu naswona xi va munghana wo tshembeka. == Swikombo == 1ry6bylgzc7aw1ewspzec9bidxzvjfg 42607 42606 2026-09-25T14:21:00Z Kataliya23 12473 Ku chela liki. 42607 wikitext text/x-wiki Leyi i Dirafiti ya mina 11 MBYANA '''Mbyana''' i xiharhi lexi fuweke hi vanhu vo tala emakaya. Yi tiveka hi ku tshembheka ka yona eka n'wini wa yona naswona yi pfuna ku rindza muti. [[Mbyana]] yi ni ku twa kahle ni ku nuhwa kahle, leswi endlaku leswaku yi kota ku lemuka vanhu kumbe swilo leswi nga tolovelekangiki ekusuhi na muti. Mbyana yi tlhela yi va munghana lonene wa vanhu. Yi rhandza ku tlanga ni vana naswona yi kombisa rirhandzu eka vanhu lava hlayisaka. Ku va na mbyana swi lava leswaku munhu a yi nyika swakudya leswi ringaneke, mati yo tenga ni ndhawu leyinene yo tshama eka yona.Nakambe mbyana yi pfuna eka mintirho yo hambanahambana yo fana na ku rindza swifuwo, ku pfuna maphorisa ku lava swigevenga kumbe swilo leswi lahlekeke, ni ku pfuna vanhu van'wana lava nga na vutsoniwa. Hinkwalaho ,mbyana i xiharhi xa nkoka swinene hikuva xi pfuna [[vanhu]] naswona xi va munghana wo tshembeka. == Swikombo == jog9zt7lc02l1he2aj8ro57kcrh1luz 42608 42607 2026-09-25T14:21:53Z Kataliya23 12473 ku chela khathegorisi 42608 wikitext text/x-wiki Leyi i Dirafiti ya mina 11 MBYANA '''Mbyana''' i xiharhi lexi fuweke hi vanhu vo tala emakaya. Yi tiveka hi ku tshembheka ka yona eka n'wini wa yona naswona yi pfuna ku rindza muti. [[Mbyana]] yi ni ku twa kahle ni ku nuhwa kahle, leswi endlaku leswaku yi kota ku lemuka vanhu kumbe swilo leswi nga tolovelekangiki ekusuhi na muti. Mbyana yi tlhela yi va munghana lonene wa vanhu. Yi rhandza ku tlanga ni vana naswona yi kombisa rirhandzu eka vanhu lava hlayisaka. Ku va na mbyana swi lava leswaku munhu a yi nyika swakudya leswi ringaneke, mati yo tenga ni ndhawu leyinene yo tshama eka yona.Nakambe mbyana yi pfuna eka mintirho yo hambanahambana yo fana na ku rindza swifuwo, ku pfuna maphorisa ku lava swigevenga kumbe swilo leswi lahlekeke, ni ku pfuna vanhu van'wana lava nga na vutsoniwa. Hinkwalaho ,mbyana i xiharhi xa nkoka swinene hikuva xi pfuna [[vanhu]] naswona xi va munghana wo tshembeka. == Swikombo == [[Category:Vanhu]] otntkly7psbvtje0acfiu7qy4pd8key 42609 42608 2026-09-25T14:28:11Z Kataliya23 12473 42609 wikitext text/x-wiki Leyi i Dirafiti ya mina 11 MBYANA '''Mbyana''' i xiharhi lexi fuweke hi vanhu vo tala emakaya<ref name=":1">[https://www.bing.com/search?pglt=297&q=dog&cvid=5694325dd5ff45e5abe5649b31941f60&gs_lcrp=EgRlZGdlKgYIABBFGDsyBggAEEUYOzIGCAEQABhAMgYIAhAAGEAyBggDEAAYQDIGCAQQABhAMgYIBRAAGEAyBggGEC4YQDIGCAcQABhAMgYICBAuGEDSAQg3MjQwajBqMagCCLACAQ&FORM=ANNTA1&PC=HCTS dog - Search]</ref>. Yi tiveka hi ku tshembheka ka yona eka n'wini wa yona naswona yi pfuna ku rindza muti. [[Mbyana]] yi ni ku twa kahle ni ku nuhwa kahle, leswi endlaku leswaku yi kota ku lemuka vanhu kumbe swilo leswi nga tolovelekangiki ekusuhi na muti. Mbyana yi tlhela yi va munghana lonene wa vanhu. Yi rhandza ku tlanga ni vana naswona yi kombisa rirhandzu eka vanhu lava hlayisaka<ref name=":1" />. Ku va na mbyana swi lava leswaku munhu a yi nyika swakudya leswi ringaneke, mati yo tenga ni ndhawu leyinene yo tshama eka yona.Nakambe mbyana yi pfuna eka mintirho yo hambanahambana yo fana na ku rindza swifuwo, ku pfuna maphorisa ku lava swigevenga kumbe swilo leswi lahlekeke, ni ku pfuna vanhu van'wana lava nga na vutsoniwa. Hinkwalaho ,mbyana i xiharhi xa nkoka swinene hikuva xi pfuna [[vanhu]] naswona xi va munghana wo tshembeka. == Swikombo == [[Category:Vanhu]] 42k8n8kzp62gdcqljey01or6ma9sjsp 42610 42609 2026-09-25T14:29:54Z Kataliya23 12473 42610 wikitext text/x-wiki Leyi i Dirafiti ya mina 11 MBYANA [[File:Samoyed dog two year old female dllu.jpg|thumb|350x350px|xifaniso xa mbyana]] '''Mbyana''' i xiharhi lexi fuweke hi vanhu vo tala emakaya<ref name=":1">[https://www.bing.com/search?pglt=297&q=dog&cvid=5694325dd5ff45e5abe5649b31941f60&gs_lcrp=EgRlZGdlKgYIABBFGDsyBggAEEUYOzIGCAEQABhAMgYIAhAAGEAyBggDEAAYQDIGCAQQABhAMgYIBRAAGEAyBggGEC4YQDIGCAcQABhAMgYICBAuGEDSAQg3MjQwajBqMagCCLACAQ&FORM=ANNTA1&PC=HCTS dog - Search]</ref>. Yi tiveka hi ku tshembheka ka yona eka n'wini wa yona naswona yi pfuna ku rindza muti. [[Mbyana]] yi ni ku twa kahle ni ku nuhwa kahle, leswi endlaku leswaku yi kota ku lemuka vanhu kumbe swilo leswi nga tolovelekangiki ekusuhi na muti. Mbyana yi tlhela yi va munghana lonene wa vanhu. Yi rhandza ku tlanga ni vana naswona yi kombisa rirhandzu eka vanhu lava hlayisaka<ref name=":1" />. Ku va na mbyana swi lava leswaku munhu a yi nyika swakudya leswi ringaneke, mati yo tenga ni ndhawu leyinene yo tshama eka yona.Nakambe mbyana yi pfuna eka mintirho yo hambanahambana yo fana na ku rindza swifuwo, ku pfuna maphorisa ku lava swigevenga kumbe swilo leswi lahlekeke, ni ku pfuna vanhu van'wana lava nga na vutsoniwa. Hinkwalaho ,mbyana i xiharhi xa nkoka swinene hikuva xi pfuna [[vanhu]] naswona xi va munghana wo tshembeka. == Swikombo == [[Category:Vanhu]] e9iccmr99mv061z4ej8v4v7q6p9hiwu 0 8183 42621 2026-09-25T17:29:42Z Bayedeee 12513 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1368489236|Indian peafowl]]" 42621 wikitext text/x-wiki Ti phigogo ta xinuna tivuriwa ti '''''peacocks''''', naswona ti peafowl ta xisati tivuriwa '''''ti peahens''''', hambi leswi rimbewu hinkwaro ritala kuvuriwa hi ririmi ra ririmi tani hi "peacock". jmgo2grqb96igm6xcmdeomcp1ul8955 0 8184 42622 2026-09-25T20:31:46Z Mabundaxiluva 12530 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1365152037|Celebrity]]" 42622 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ku duma''' i xiyimo xa ndhuma lexi xiximiwa hi vanhu kumbe ntlawa hi ku anama hikwalaho ka nyingiso lowu va nyikiwaka wona hi [[Ta mahungu|swihangalasamahungu swa vanhu vo tala]] . Rito leri ri tlhela ri tirhisiwa ku kombetela eka vanhu lava dumeke. Munhu a nga ha kuma xiyimo xa ndhuma hi ku va ni rifuwo lerikulu, ku hlanganyela eka [[Tamintlangu|mintlango]] kumbe bindzu ra vuhungasi, xiyimo xa yena tanihi munhu wa tipolitiki kumbe hambi ku ri ku hlangana ka yena ni munhu un’wana loyi a dumeke. ‘Celebrity’ hi ntolovelo yina xifaniso lexinene xa munhu unwana na unwnwana , ku hambana na lava nga riki na vukalatlhelo ‘lava dumeke’ kumbe ‘la tivekaka’, kumbe swilo swo biha ‘lava nga na ndhuma yo biha’ na ‘lava nga na ndhuma yo biha’. <ref name="I want to be famous">{{Cite news |last=Brockes |first=Emma |date=April 17, 2010 |title=I want to be famous |url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/apr/17/i-want-to-be-famous |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230520180800/https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/apr/17/i-want-to-be-famous |archive-date=May 20, 2023 |access-date=November 17, 2011 |publisher=Celebbuzz |location=London}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news |date=November 28, 2011 |title=Western world kids want to grow up to be famous |url=http://www.news1130.com/news/local/article/304123--western-world-kids-want-to-grow-up-to-be-famous |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120101230510/http://www.news1130.com/news/local/article/304123--western-world-kids-want-to-grow-up-to-be-famous |archive-date=January 1, 2012 |access-date=December 25, 2011 |publisher=[[News1130]] |location=Vancouver |df=mdy}}</ref>   Hambi swiri tano buku ya yena yinga na nhlokomhaka yale hansi ya "kusuka eka Bronze Age kuya eka Silver Screen", naswona hambi leswi "kufikela swilo leswinene swinene, vativi va ntshamisano ava vula leswaku ''ndhuma'' yisunguriwile kutlula nyana 100 wa malembe lawa yanga hundza, eka ku vonakala loku flickering ka Hollywood yosungula" na xiringanyeto xa leswaku vakwetsimi van’wana va malembe yale xikarhi vanga faneleka, Jenner u tiyisisa leswaku vanhu vo sungula lava dumeke ava hanyile ekusunguleni ka malembe yava 1700s, yosungula ya yena xikombiso ku ri Henry Sacheverell . <ref name="dabhoiwala">{{Cite news |last=Dabhoiwala |first=Fara |date=18 March 2020 |title=Dead Famous by Greg Jenner review – a joyous history of celebrity |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2020/mar/18/dead-famous-by-greg-jenner-review |access-date=24 May 2020 |work=The Guardian}}</ref> Hi ku famba ka nkarhi, ku tumbuluxiwa ka mixaka yo tala ya [[Ta mahungu|swihaxa-mahungu swa vanhu]] vo tala ku ndlandlamuxa tindlela leti vanhu va dumeke hi tona. [[File:Choregos_actors_MAN_Napoli_Inv9986.jpg|thumb| Choregos na vatlangi va mintlangu ya mintlangu, ku suka eka Yindlu ya Mutlhokovetseri wa Khombo, Pompeii, Italy. Muziyamu ya Rixaka ya Vuyimburi ya le Naples .]] Vatlangi va le Greece wa Khale a va amukeriwa ekaya tanihi tinhenha, va tsariwe tinsimu ni switlhokovetselo leswaku va xixima naswona a va kuma swakudya ni tinyiko ta mahala eka lava a va lava ku seketeriwa hi vanhu lava dumeka . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Miller |first=Stephen |year=2004 |title=Ancient Greek Athletics |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=0-300-11529-6}}</ref> Rhoma wa khale a fana na a ri bumabumela vatlangi ni vahlaseri lava dumeke, naswona Julius Caesar u humelele eka mali ya nsimbi evuton’wini bya yena n’wini (ku hambana ni xifaniso lexi tolovelekeke xa tinyimpi ni rixaka ra Xikwembu). <ref name="BBC">{{Cite web|date=April 4, 2003|title=A brief history of celebrity|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1777554.stm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140715102610/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1777554.stm|archive-date=July 15, 2014|accessdate=June 8, 2014|website=BBC News|publisher=BBC}}</ref> Vugandzeri bya vumunhu (ngopfu evupela-dyambu) byi nga landzelerisiwa ku ya fika eka Varhoma eka lembe ra xidzana ra vu-18, <ref>{{Cite book |last=Inglis |first=Fred |date=2010 |title=A Short History of Celebrity |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=9780691135625}}</ref> lava vutomi bya vona tanihi vatshila na vatlhokovetseri a byi titshege hi mali ya ndhuma ya vona. Lord Byron uri munhu loyi a dumeke hi 1812 endzhaku ka loko ku kandziyisiwe ti canto timbirhi to sungula ta ''Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage'' . <ref>{{Cite news |last=Bostridge |first=Mark |date=3 November 2002 |title=On the trail of the real Lord Byron |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/features/on-the-trail-of-the-real-lord-byron-126324.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200724091658/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/features/on-the-trail-of-the-real-lord-byron-126324.html |archive-date=July 24, 2020 |access-date=30 January 2025 |work=The Independent on Sunday}}</ref> "Ndzi pfukile mixo wun'wana kutani ndzi tikuma ndzi ri munhu loyi a dumeke ," ku vula yena. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Moore |first=Thomas |date=2006 |title=The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Quotations |url=http://www.oxfordreference.com/views/ENTRY.html?subview=Main&entry=t91.e416 |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |editor-last=Ratcliffe |editor-first=Susan |location=Oxford, England |chapter=Letters and Journals of Lord Byron, 1830, volume 1}}</ref> Hikuya hi McGann: "Hiku hatlisa u hundzuke nyeleti yo tlhariha swinene emisaveni leyi hlamarisaka ya Regency London." <ref>{{Cite web|last=McGann|first=Jerome|date=23 September 2004|title=Byron, George Gordon Noel, sixth Baron Byron|url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/display/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-4279|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231004172753/https://www.oxforddnb.com/display/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-4279|archive-date=Oct 4, 2023|accessdate=30 January 2025|website=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography}}</ref> Ku simeka tindhawu to hisa ta ndhavuko swi ve swa nkoka eku endleni ka ndhuma, ku fana nale London nale Paris hi lembe xidzana ra vu 18 ni ra vu 19. Maphephahungu ya sungule ku katsa tikholomu ta mahungu"gossip", <ref>{{Cite web|title=Concise History of the British Newspaper in the Nineteenth Century|url=http://www.bl.uk/reshelp/findhelprestype/news/concisehistbritnews/britnews19th/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203234400/http://www.bl.uk/reshelp/findhelprestype/news/concisehistbritnews/britnews19th/|archive-date=December 3, 2017|accessdate=June 21, 2014|publisher=British Library}}</ref> naswona ti tlilaba to karhi na swiendlo leswi hundzuke tindhawu to voniwa ku kuma ku hangalasiwa. Madame Tussauds, museum leyi kombisaka ti waxworks ta vanhu lava dumeke, yisungule ku simekiwa e Baker Street, London hi 1835, laha ''Punch'' hi 1849 anga vula leswaku: "Emasikwini lawa, akuna munhu loyi anga tekiwa tanihi loyi a tsakeriwaka hindlela ya kahle, handle ka loko a amukeriwa eka khamphani ya vanhu lava dumeke va Madame Tussaud e Baker Street". <ref>{{Cite book |last=Berridge |first=Kate |year=2006 |title=Madame Tussaud: A life in wax |url=https://archive.org/details/madametussaud00kate |publisher=HarperCollins |isbn=978-0-06-052847-8 |location=New York |page=4}}</ref> David Lodge u vitanile Charles Dickens "mutsari wosungula ku twa ntshikelelo lowukulu wakuva hi nkarhi wun'we ari mutshila xikan'we na nchumu wa kutsakela ka vaaki lokunga heriki na ku dzunisiwa", naswona Juliet John u seketerile xikombelo xa leswaku Dickens "a vitaniwa nyeleti yosungula ya vuhangalasi bya mahungu ya misava hinkwayo leyi tiendleke ya nguva ya ndhavuko wa vanhu votala." <ref>{{Cite news |title=Charles Dickens and Fame vs. Celebrity |url=https://daily.jstor.org/charles-dickens-and-fame-vs-celebrity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220629140200/https://daily.jstor.org/charles-dickens-and-fame-vs-celebrity/ |archive-date=June 29, 2022 |access-date=11 May 2022 |agency=JSTOR Daily}}</ref> Hakanyingi vatlangi va mintlango a va tekiwa tanihi vanhu lava dumeke swinene. Ti ndhawu to dyela leti nga ekusuhi ni tindhawu to tlangela eka tona, laha vatlangi a va ta hlengeletana kona, ti sungule ku veka swifaniso leswi nga ni swifaniso swo saseka kumbe swifaniso swa vatlangi emakhumbini ya vanhu lava dumeke eku heleni ka lembe xidzana ra vu 19. Mhaka leyi ayi tsakeriwa ngopfu hi vaaki na swihangalasamahungu, Lillie Langtry, u endle masungulo ya yena ya West End theatre hi 1881 leswinga endla leswaku kuva na ku rhurhumela eLondon hikuva munhu wo sungula wa socialite ku humelela exitejini. <ref>{{Cite news |title=Lillie Langtry British actress |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Lillie-Langtry |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220712212548/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Lillie-Langtry |archive-date=July 12, 2022 |access-date=3 March 2022 |work=Encyclopedia Britannica}}</ref> Lembe leri landzeleke u ve poster girl ya Pears Soap, a va munhu wo sungula wa ndhuma ku seketela xitirhisiwa xa mabindzu. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Morin |first=Richard |date=February 3, 2002 |title=When Celebrity Endorsers Go Bad |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/opinions/2002/02/03/when-celebrity-endorsers-go-bad/260776e6-d38c-4319-b683-eb466c499dce/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221116081428/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/opinions/2002/02/03/when-celebrity-endorsers-go-bad/260776e6-d38c-4319-b683-eb466c499dce/ |archive-date=November 16, 2022 |access-date=2 March 2022 |work=The Washington Post |quote=British actress Lillie Langtry became the world's first celebrity endorser in 1893 when her likeness appeared on packages of Pears Soap.}}</ref> Hi 1895, mutlhokovetseri na mutsari wa mintlangu Oscar Wilde u hundzuke nhlokomhaka ya "un'wana wa miringo yo sungula ya ndhuma". <ref>{{Cite news |last=Field |first=Marcus |date=4 October 2014 |title=Is Oscar Wilde's reputation due for another reassessment? |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/theatre-dance/features/oscar-wilde-facing-retrial-9773718.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302134040/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/theatre-dance/features/oscar-wilde-facing-retrial-9773718.html |archive-date=2 March 2021 |access-date=16 March 2021 |work=The Independent}}</ref> Xikombiso xin’wana xa vanhu lava dumeke eka bindzu ra vuhungasi a kuri eka vuyimbeleri, ku sukela exikarhi ka lembe xidzana ra vu 19. Vanhu vo tala lava nga si tshamaka va voniwa eka vuyimbeleri, va nghenelerile eka ku rhurhumela lokukulu ka vaseketeri loku vuriwaka Lisztomania loku sunguleke hi 1841. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Walker |first=Alan |date=1987 |title=Franz Liszt: The virtuoso years, 1811-1847 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lCw4cxHmpgYC&pg=PA371 |publisher=Cornell University Press |isbn=978-0-8014-9421-5 |language=en}}</ref> Leswi swi tumbuluxe xisekelo xa mahanyelo lawa vaseketeri va nga na wona ku rhendzela vayimbeleri lava va va tsakelaka eka vaaki va manguva lawa. Indasitiri ya ti filimi yi hangalakile emisaveni hinkwayo ,eka hafu yo sungula ya lembe xidzana ravu 20, yi tumbuluxe vanhu vo sungula lava dumeke va tifilimi. Rito leri nge celebrity ari boheleriwile eka vatlangi eka ti filimi hambiswiritano, loko cinema yisungula tani hi xitirhisiwa. Hilaha Paul McDonald a vulaka hakona eka ''The Star System: Hollywood's Production of Popular Identities'', "Eka khume wa malembe yo sungula ya lembe xidzana ra vu makume mbirhi, ti khamphani ta vuhumelerisi bya ti filimi ta le Amerika ti pfale mavito ya vaendli va tifilimi, ku nga khathariseki swikombelo leswi humaka eka vahlaleri, hi ku chava leswaku ku xiximiwa hi vanhu swi ta susumetela vaendli va tifilimi ku lava miholo ya le henhla." <ref>{{Cite book |last=McDonald |first=Paul |year=2000 |title=The Star System: Hollywood's Production of Popular Identities |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cZjHTABEWTYC&pg=PA15 |publisher=Wallflower |isbn=978-1-903364-02-4 |location=Great Britain |pages=15 |access-date=January 23, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250713121600/https://books.google.com/books?id=cZjHTABEWTYC&pg=PA15 |archive-date=July 13, 2025 |url-status=live}}</ref> Ku tsakisiwa ka vanhu ku hundze swinene eka ku tirhisiwa ka tifilimi eka xikirini, naswona vutomi bya vona byale xihundleni byi hundzuke mahungu ya nhlokomhaka: xikombiso, eHollywood vukati bya Elizabeth Taylor na le Bollywood timhaka ta Raj Kapoor hi va 1950s. Kufana na vatlangi va mintlangu ya mintlangu yale mahlweni ka vona, vatlangi va ti filimi avari vanhu va marhangu ya ndhuma eka tirhesiturente leti ava tala ku ya eka tona, ekusuhi na ti studio ta tifilimi, ngopfu eka Sardi’s e Hollywood. Hafu yavu mbirhi ya lembe xidzana leri yi vone mavona kule ni vuyimbeleri lebyi dumeke swi tisa swivumbeko leswintshwa swa ndhuma, swo tanihi nhenha ya rock ni ntlawa wa pop, lowu kombisiweke hi Elvis Presley na Beatles, hi ku landzelelana. Xitlhokovetselo xa John Lennon lexi nga na njhekanjhekisano swinene xa 1966: "We're more popular than Jesus now", <ref>{{Cite news |last=Cleave, Maureen |date=1966 |title=How does a Beatle live |url=http://www.beatlesbible.com/1966/03/04/how-does-a-beatle-live-by-maureen-cleave/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330104259/https://www.beatlesbible.com/1966/03/04/how-does-a-beatle-live-by-maureen-cleave/ |archive-date=Mar 30, 2023 |work=London Evening Standard |via=The Beatles Bible}}</ref> lexi endzhaku a nga sindzisiwa leswaku a ku nga ri ku tinyungubyisa, na leswaku hi ndlela yo karhi a nga tiringanisi na Kriste, [ 22 ] xi nyika vutivi eka ku dzunisiwa na ku duma ka ndhuma ku nga ku tisaka. Ku hambana ni tifilimi, thelevhixini yi tumbuluxe vanhu lava dumeke lava ngopfu-ngopfu a va nga ri vatlangi; hi xikombiso, vafambisi va nongonoko, vafambisi va minongonoko ya mbulavurisano ni vahlayi va mahungu. Hambiswiritano, vunyingi bya leswi swi dume ntsena endzeni ka swifundzha leswi fikeleriweke hi muhaxi wa swona wo karhi, naswona i swi nga ri swingani ntsena swo tanihi Oprah Winfrey, Jerry Springer, kumbe David Frost leswi nga vuriwa leswaku swi tshovekile swi va tinyeleti leti anameke swinene . Mavona kule ya tlhele ya nyika ku paluxiwa eka vatlangi va mintlangu, ngopfu Pelé endzhaku ka ku humelela ka yena eka Khapu ya Misava ya FIFA ya 1958, laha Barney Ronay eka ''The Guardian'' anga vula leswaku, "Leswi tiyisisiweke hileswaku Pelé u tumbuluxe ntlangu lowu, miehleketo ya munhu un'we wa mintlangu ya misava hinkwayo, naswona hi ndlela leyi nga phindhiwiki sweswi." <ref>{{Cite news |last=Ronay |first=Barney |date=1 January 2021 |title=Pelé's revolutionary status must survive numbers game against Lionel Messi |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2021/jan/01/pele-revolutionary-status-must-survive-numbers-game-against-lionel-messi-santos |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210203005832/https://www.theguardian.com/football/2021/jan/01/pele-revolutionary-status-must-survive-numbers-game-against-lionel-messi-santos |archive-date=February 3, 2021 |access-date=8 September 2023 |work=The Guardian}}</ref> Hi malembe yava 60s nale ku sunguleni ka malembe yava 70s, bindzu ro kandziyisa tibuku ri sungule ku hlohlotela vanhu lavakulu lava dumeke ku veka mavito ya vona eka ti autobiographies na swihloko swin’wana eka genre leyi vuriwaka celebrity publishing. Hakanyingi, buku leyi a yi tsariwangi hi munhu loyi a dumeke kambe hi mutsari wa swipoko, kambe munhu loyi a dumeke a ta kumeka endzhaku ka sweswo leswaku a ya eka riendzo ra tibuku ni ku humelela eka minongonoko ya mbulavurisano. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Korda |first=Michael |year=1999 |title=Another Life: A Memoir of Other People |url=https://archive.org/details/anotherlifememoi00kord |publisher=Simon & Schuster |isbn=9780679456599 |url-access=registration}}</ref> [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] rky6ygqnv0697vbhhldx9rff9icyhde 2 8185 42623 2026-09-25T21:05:27Z Kataliya23 12473 Ku tsala heading 42623 wikitext text/x-wiki Leyi i dirafiti ya mina no. 12 d3n5ho2e95x40c42ni7qi5r3alqepw0 2 8186 42624 2026-09-25T21:08:15Z Salivary 12474 Ku tsala nomboro ya dirafiti 42624 wikitext text/x-wiki Leyi i dirafiti ya mina no.16 7cmua3mb5tgiy20cghyx8emw6swizw7 42627 42624 2026-09-25T22:11:10Z Salivary 12474 Ku tsala hungu 42627 wikitext text/x-wiki Leyi i dirafiti ya mina no.16 MPFUVU Mpfuvu i xiharhi lexikulu lexi hanyaka ngopfu ematini. Yi kumeka emilambyeni, emadan'wini ni le tindhawini leti nga ni mati yo tala. Mpfuvu yi ni miri lowukulu, milenge yo koma ni nhlonge yo tiya swinene. Hambileswi yi tshamaka ngopfu ematini, yi tlhela yi famba emisaveni. Yi dya byanyi naswona yi huma ngopfu nivusiku ku ya lava swakudya. Ni nhlekani yi tshama ematini leswaku yi ti titimeta eka dyambu. Yi rhandza ku tshama hi mintlawa naswona yi kota ku hlayisa vana va yona kahle swinene. Hambileswi mpfuvu yi langutekaka yi rhulile, yi nga va ni khombo loko yi hlindzukile. Yi tirhisa meno ya yona lamakulu ku tisirhelela. Vanhu va fanele ku yi xixima naswona va nga tshuki va yi tshinelela ngopfu, ngopfu-ngopfu loko yi ri ematini. n0rqvzyqd7mr68vp8ygaukb7d4qp5fk 42628 42627 2026-09-25T22:11:50Z Salivary 12474 ku kurisa xirhangi 42628 wikitext text/x-wiki Leyi i dirafiti ya mina no.16 MPFUVU '''Mpfuvu''' i xiharhi lexikulu lexi hanyaka ngopfu ematini. Yi kumeka emilambyeni, emadan'wini ni le tindhawini leti nga ni mati yo tala. Mpfuvu yi ni miri lowukulu, milenge yo koma ni nhlonge yo tiya swinene. Hambileswi yi tshamaka ngopfu ematini, yi tlhela yi famba emisaveni. Yi dya byanyi naswona yi huma ngopfu nivusiku ku ya lava swakudya. Ni nhlekani yi tshama ematini leswaku yi ti titimeta eka dyambu. Yi rhandza ku tshama hi mintlawa naswona yi kota ku hlayisa vana va yona kahle swinene. Hambileswi mpfuvu yi langutekaka yi rhulile, yi nga va ni khombo loko yi hlindzukile. Yi tirhisa meno ya yona lamakulu ku tisirhelela. Vanhu va fanele ku yi xixima naswona va nga tshuki va yi tshinelela ngopfu, ngopfu-ngopfu loko yi ri ematini. 428qwdvcv826eu9xnsgtkx3zxjbg42l 42630 42628 2026-09-25T22:13:03Z Salivary 12474 Ku chela liki. 42630 wikitext text/x-wiki Leyi i dirafiti ya mina no.16 MPFUVU '''Mpfuvu''' i xiharhi lexikulu lexi hanyaka ngopfu ematini. Yi kumeka emilambyeni, emadan'wini ni le tindhawini leti nga ni [[mati]] yo tala. Mpfuvu yi ni miri lowukulu, milenge yo koma ni nhlonge yo tiya swinene. Hambileswi yi tshamaka ngopfu ematini, yi tlhela yi famba emisaveni. Yi dya byanyi naswona yi huma ngopfu nivusiku ku ya lava [[swakudya]]. Ni nhlekani yi tshama ematini leswaku yi ti titimeta eka dyambu. Yi rhandza ku tshama hi mintlawa naswona yi kota ku hlayisa vana va yona kahle swinene. Hambileswi mpfuvu yi langutekaka yi rhulile, yi nga va ni khombo loko yi hlindzukile. Yi tirhisa meno ya yona lamakulu ku tisirhelela. Vanhu va fanele ku yi xixima naswona va nga tshuki va yi tshinelela ngopfu, ngopfu-ngopfu loko yi ri ematini. l2zzq8yq74j1tzcsyoxvaxcc23cxyp4 42631 42630 2026-09-25T22:13:31Z Salivary 12474 Ku chela ntlawa. 42631 wikitext text/x-wiki Leyi i dirafiti ya mina no.16 MPFUVU '''Mpfuvu''' i xiharhi lexikulu lexi hanyaka ngopfu ematini. Yi kumeka emilambyeni, emadan'wini ni le tindhawini leti nga ni [[mati]] yo tala. Mpfuvu yi ni miri lowukulu, milenge yo koma ni nhlonge yo tiya swinene. Hambileswi yi tshamaka ngopfu ematini, yi tlhela yi famba emisaveni. Yi dya byanyi naswona yi huma ngopfu nivusiku ku ya lava [[swakudya]]. Ni nhlekani yi tshama ematini leswaku yi ti titimeta eka dyambu. Yi rhandza ku tshama hi mintlawa naswona yi kota ku hlayisa vana va yona kahle swinene. Hambileswi mpfuvu yi langutekaka yi rhulile, yi nga va ni khombo loko yi hlindzukile. Yi tirhisa meno ya yona lamakulu ku tisirhelela. Vanhu va fanele ku yi xixima naswona va nga tshuki va yi tshinelela ngopfu, ngopfu-ngopfu loko yi ri ematini. [[Category:Swiharhi]] j6nkhgwrflyvrly4d6cp2x7cbe6felo 42632 42631 2026-09-25T22:14:25Z Salivary 12474 Ku chela tibuku leti tirhisiweke. 42632 wikitext text/x-wiki Leyi i dirafiti ya mina no.16 MPFUVU '''Mpfuvu''' i xiharhi lexikulu lexi hanyaka ngopfu ematini. Yi kumeka emilambyeni, emadan'wini ni le tindhawini leti nga ni [[mati]] yo tala. Mpfuvu yi ni miri lowukulu, milenge yo koma ni nhlonge yo tiya swinene. Hambileswi yi tshamaka ngopfu ematini, yi tlhela yi famba emisaveni. Yi dya byanyi naswona yi huma ngopfu nivusiku ku ya lava [[swakudya]]. Ni nhlekani yi tshama ematini leswaku yi ti titimeta eka dyambu. Yi rhandza ku tshama hi mintlawa naswona yi kota ku hlayisa vana va yona kahle swinene. Hambileswi mpfuvu yi langutekaka yi rhulile, yi nga va ni khombo loko yi hlindzukile. Yi tirhisa meno ya yona lamakulu ku tisirhelela. Vanhu va fanele ku yi xixima naswona va nga tshuki va yi tshinelela ngopfu, ngopfu-ngopfu loko yi ri ematini. == Swikombo == [[Category:Swiharhi]] 00qfctrdjyihk75s13hnj11unxymi8v 42633 42632 2026-09-25T22:16:44Z Salivary 12474 Ku chela liki. 42633 wikitext text/x-wiki Leyi i dirafiti ya mina no.16 MPFUVU '''Mpfuvu''' i xiharhi lexikulu lexi hanyaka ngopfu ematini. Yi kumeka emilambyeni, emadan'wini ni le tindhawini leti nga ni [[mati]] yo tala. Mpfuvu yi ni miri lowukulu, milenge yo koma ni nhlonge yo tiya swinene. Hambileswi yi tshamaka ngopfu ematini, yi tlhela yi famba emisaveni. Yi dya byanyi naswona yi huma ngopfu nivusiku ku ya lava [[swakudya]]. Ni nhlekani yi tshama ematini leswaku yi ti titimeta eka dyambu.<ref name=":1">https://media.istockphoto.com/id/620952396/photo/hippopotamus-in-water.jpg?s=170667a&w=0&k=20&c=kvdHc3lvZjmLwe_0SBFUUk5_3XwPUk4xGtLvW-vij8g=</ref> Yi rhandza ku tshama hi mintlawa naswona yi kota ku hlayisa vana va yona kahle swinene. Hambileswi mpfuvu yi langutekaka yi rhulile, yi nga va ni khombo loko yi hlindzukile. Yi tirhisa meno ya yona lamakulu ku tisirhelela. Vanhu va fanele ku yi xixima naswona va nga tshuki va yi tshinelela ngopfu, ngopfu-ngopfu loko yi ri ematini.<ref name=":1" /> == Swikombo == [[Category:Swiharhi]] hxacwyh3ju8ewqzrig9iwf6r0qm6x1l 42634 42633 2026-09-25T22:20:05Z Salivary 12474 Ku chela swifaniso. 42634 wikitext text/x-wiki Leyi i dirafiti ya mina no.16 MPFUVU [[File:Hippo (Hippopotamus amphibius) (16485955207).jpg|thumb|350x350px|Mpfuvu ku suhi na mati]] '''Mpfuvu''' i xiharhi lexikulu lexi hanyaka ngopfu ematini. Yi kumeka emilambyeni, emadan'wini ni le tindhawini leti nga ni [[mati]] yo tala. Mpfuvu yi ni miri lowukulu, milenge yo koma ni nhlonge yo tiya swinene. Hambileswi yi tshamaka ngopfu ematini, yi tlhela yi famba emisaveni. Yi dya byanyi naswona yi huma ngopfu nivusiku ku ya lava [[swakudya]]. Ni nhlekani yi tshama ematini leswaku yi ti titimeta eka dyambu.<ref name=":1">https://media.istockphoto.com/id/620952396/photo/hippopotamus-in-water.jpg?s=170667a&w=0&k=20&c=kvdHc3lvZjmLwe_0SBFUUk5_3XwPUk4xGtLvW-vij8g=</ref> Yi rhandza ku tshama hi mintlawa naswona yi kota ku hlayisa vana va yona kahle swinene. Hambileswi mpfuvu yi langutekaka yi rhulile, yi nga va ni khombo loko yi hlindzukile. Yi tirhisa meno ya yona lamakulu ku tisirhelela. Vanhu va fanele ku yi xixima naswona va nga tshuki va yi tshinelela ngopfu, ngopfu-ngopfu loko yi ri ematini.<ref name=":1" /> == Swikombo == [[Category:Swiharhi]] k2nxw64r23pw1w5rw8wykxrvxci0r1r 0 8187 42625 2026-09-25T21:09:57Z Mabundaxiluva 12530 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1374653050|Musical theatre]]" 42625 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Crookfinale.jpg|thumb| ''The Black Crook'' a ku ri ntlangu wa vuyimbeleri lowu nga tshama wu ri kona nkarhi wo leha eBroadway hi 1866. ]] '''Musical theatre''' i xivumbeko xa vuyimbeleri bya theatre lebyi hlanganisaka tinsimu, mbulavurisano lowu ku vulavuriwaka, vuyimbeleri na ku cina. Mhaka na nhundzu ya mintlhaveko ya vuyimbeleri ku hlekisa, rirhandzu, ku hlundzuka&nbsp; niku ti hlanganisiwa hi marito, vuyimbeleri, ku fambafamba na swiyenge swa xithekiniki swa vuhungasi tanihi nchumu lowu hlanganisiweke. Hambi leswi vuyimbeleri bya theatre byi hlanganisaka na swivumbeko swin’wana swa mintlangu yo fana na opera na ncino, byi nga ha hambanisiwa hi nkoka wo ringana lowu nyikiwaka vuyimbeleri loko byi pimanisiwa na mbulavurisano, ku famba famba na swin’wana. Ku sukela eku sunguleni ka lembe xidzana ra vu 20, mintirho ya le xitejini ya mintlango ya vuyimbeleri hi ntolovelo yi vitaniwa, hi ku olova, '''vuyimbeleri''' . Hambi leswi vuyimbeleri byi nga xiphemu xa minkombiso ya dirama ku sukela khale, mintlangu ya vuyimbeleri ya manguva lawa ya le Vupeladyambu yi humelerile hi lembe xidzana ra vu 19, laha ku nga na swiphemu swo tala swa xivumbeko leswi simekiweke hi mintirho ya opera yo vevuka ya Jacques Offenbach eFurwa, Gilbert na Sullivan eBritain na mintirho ya Harrigan na Hart eAmerika. Leswi swi landzeriwe hi ti comedy ta vuyimbeleri ta le Edwardian, leti humeleleke eBritain, ni mintirho ya vuyimbeleri ya mintlango ya vatumbuluxi va le Amerika vo tanihi George M. Cohan eku sunguleni ka lembe xidzana ra vu 20. Ti musicals ta Princess Theatre 1915 ku fika1918 akuri magoza ya vutshila kuya emahlweni kutlula ti revues na vuhungasi byin’wana bya frothy ekusunguleni ka lembe xidzana ravu 20 naswona byi yise eka mintirho yo pfula ndlela yofana na ''Show Boat'' (1927), ''Of Thee I Sing'' (1931) na ''Oklahoma'' (1943). Tin’wana ta ti musical leti tivekaka swinene eka makume ya malembe lawa ya landzeleke ti katsa ''My Fair Lady'' (1956), ''The Fantasticks'' (1960), ''Hair'' (1967), ''A Chorus Line'' (1975), ''Les Misérables'' (1985), ''The Phantom of the Opera'' (1986), ''Rent'' (1996), ''Wicked'' (2003) na ''Hamilton'' (2015). Mintlangu ya vuyimbeleri yi tlangiwa misava hinkwayo. Swi nga nyikeriwa etindhawini letikulu, tanihi hile vuhumelerisi bya Broadway kumbe West End lebyi nga ni mali yo tala eDorobeni ra New York kumbe eLondon. Handle ka sweswo, mintlangu ya vuyimbeleri yi nga ha tlangiwa etindhawini letitsongo, to tanihi leti nga ehandle ka Broadway, ehandle ka West End, mintlangu ya xifundzha, mintlango ya le tlhelo kumbe vuhumelerisi bya mintlango ya vaaki, kumbe eka riendzo . Mintlangu ya vuyimbeleri yi tala ku nyikeriwa hi mintlawa ya va amateur na ya swikolo etikerekeni, eswikolweni na tindhawu tin’wana to tlangela eka tona. Ku engetela eka United States na Britain, ku ni swifaniso leswi hanyaka swa mintlango ya vuyimbeleri etikweni nkulu ra Yuropa, Scandinavia, Asia, Australasia, Canada nile Latin Amerika. 9kyjy17jsjeibhecbn94r99gy53bv1r 0 8188 42629 2026-09-25T22:12:04Z Mabundaxiluva 12530 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1376380393|Parent]]" 42629 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Parents_and_their_baby.jpg|thumb| Vatswari na n’wana wa vona]] '''Mutswari''' i kokwa wa n’wana, kumbe eka [[vanhu]], swi nga ha kombetela eka muhlayisi kumbe muhlayisi wa le nawini, loyi hi ntolovelo a vuriwaka '''mutswari la wundlaka''' kumbe '''mutswari wa vumbirhi''' . Vatswari i maxaka ya xiyimo xosungula naswona va avelana 50% wati genes ta vona. Ya xisati yinga tlhela yiva mutswari hiku tirhisa n'wana wa xisati hi ku siva . Vatswari van’wana va nga ha va vatswari lava amukelaka n’wana, lava kurisaka ni ku kurisa n’wana, kambe va nga ri na vuxaka ni n’wana. Vana lava nga riki na vatswari lava nga riki na vatswari lava amukelaka vana vanga kurisiwa hi vakokwa wa vona kumbe [[Ndyangu|swirho swin'wana swa ndyangu]] . Mutswari a ngaha tlhela a andlariwa tanihi kokwa wa xinuna loyi a susiweke xitukulwana xin'we . Hi nhluvuko wa sweswinyana eka swa vutshunguri, swa koteka ku vani vatswari vo tlula vambirhi va xiviri. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Gallagher |first=James |date=2013-06-28 |title=UK government backs three-person IVF |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-23079276 |access-date=30 June 2013 |work=BBC News}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book |last=[[Nadine Taub]] |title=The Law of Sex Discrimination |last2=Beth Anne Wolfson |last3=Carla M. Palumbo |page=374}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book |last=Browne C. Lewis |date=2012 |title=Papa's Baby: Paternity and Artificial Insemination |page=136}}</ref> Swikombiso swa vatswari va vunharhu va xiviri swi katsa swiendlakalo leswi katsaka ku veleka kumbe munhu wa vunharhu loyi a nyikeke swikombiso swa DNA hi nkarhi wa endlelo ro pfuneta ku veleka leri cinceke swilo swa xitekela swa va amukeri. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Louise I. Gerdes |date=2009 |title=Reproductive Technologies |page=25}}</ref> Tinxaka leti tolovelekeke ta vatswari i vamanana, vatatana, vatswari va vumbirhi ni vakokwa wa xinuna . Manana i "wansati kuyelana na n'wana kumbe vana lava va veleka." <ref>{{Cite web|title=mother definition|url=http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/mother?rskey=YplwRN&result=1|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121010013824/http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/mother?rskey=YplwRN&result=1|archive-date=October 10, 2012|website=www.oxforddictionaries.com|publisher=Oxford Dictionaries}}</ref> Mpimo lowu swi amukelekaka eka vaaki leswaku mutswari a katseka evuton’wini bya vana va vona vo hambana hiku yahi mindhavuko, hambiswiritano leyi kombisaka ku nghenelela kutsongo swinene minkarhi yin’wana ku vuriwa leswaku yi kombisa ku honisiwa ka vana, <ref>{{Cite book |last=Marian S Harris |date=2014 |title=Racial Disproportionality in Child Welfare |page=2}}</ref> kasi leyi katsekaka ngopfu minkarhi yin’wana ku vuriwa leswaku yi sirhelela ngopfu, yi cosseting, [[wiktionary:nosy|yiva nosy]], kumbe yiva nghenelela . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Bernard Roberts |date=2005 |title=Evidence in the Psychological Therapies: A Critical Guidance for Practitioners |page=149}}</ref> Vatswari va munhu hi xiviri i vanhu lava munhu yaloye a kumaka ndzhaka ya tijini ta yena eka vona . Hi ntolovelo rito leri ri tirhisiwa ntsena loko swi laveka ku hambanisa vatswari lava hlayisaka munhu hi xiyexe ni vatswari va vona va xiviri. Hi xikombiso, munhu loyi tata wakwe a tlheleke a teka a nga ha vula nsati lontshwa wa tatana tanihi mana wakwe wa vumbirhi ivi a hambeta a vitana manana wakwe tanihi manana wakwe. Hambiswiritano, munhu loyi anga tshamaka a hlangana ngopfu ni mana wa yena wa xiviri a nga ha vitana mutswari wa yena wa muwundli tanihi mana wa yena, naswona mana wa yena wa xiviri tanihi yena, kumbexana hi vito ra yena ro sungula.{{Kulaveka vumbhoni|date=December 2019}} Manana i munhu wa xisati loyi a ngana vuxaka bya manana na munhu un’wana, hambi kuri ku huma eka ku tika, ku veleka munhu yoloye, kumbe ku kurisa munhu hi xiphemu xa mutswari. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2007-09-14|title=Definition from|url=http://www.allwords.com/word-mother.html|accessdate=2011-11-04|publisher=Allwords.com}}</ref> Ku tlula yin’we ya xisati yi ngahava ni vuxaka byo tano ni munhu un’we. Hikwalaho ka ku rharhangana ni ku hambana ka tinhlamuselo ni mintirho ya manana ya ntshamisano, ndhavuko ni ya vukhongeri, swa tika ku hlamusela manana hi ndlela leyi fambisanaka ni nhlamuselo leyi amukeriwaka hinkwako-nkwako. Ku tirhisiwa ka manana wo siva swi nga endla leswaku ku va na explication ya ku va na vamanana vambirhi va biological. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Bromham |first=David |date=1990 |title=Philosophical Ethics in Reproductive Medicine |page=57}}</ref> Tatana i mutswari wa xinuna wa n’wana wihi kumbe wihi. <ref>{{Cite web|title=TheFreeDictionary|url=http://www.thefreedictionary.com/father|accessdate=2014-10-07}}</ref> Ku nga ha va munhu loyi a hlanganyelaku eku kuriseni ka n’wana kumbe loyi a nyikeleke swilo leswi hanyaka, ku nga mbewu ya vununa, leswi endlaka leswaku n’wana a velekiwa. Vakokwani i vatswari va mutswari wa nwana, hambi i tatana kumbe manana. Xivumbiwa xin’wana na xin’wana lexi xi tswalaka hi rimbewu lexi nga riki [[Genetic chimaera|chimaera ya xitekela]] xi na nhlayo yale henhla ya vakokwa wa mune va xitekela, vakokwa wa vakokwa wa tsevu va xitekela, khume-nhungu wa vakokwa wa vakokwa wa xitekela na swin’wana. Ahi kanyingi, ku fana nile mhakeni ya vuxaka bya rimbewu bya le kusuhi ni vamakwavo kumbe vamakwavo hi hafu, tinhlayo leti tiva ehansi . Xikambelo xo tiva vatswari xi endliwa ku kombisa vatswari, hi leswaku, loko wanuna ari tatana wa xiviri wa munhu un’wana. Leswi swi nga ha va swa nkoka hi ku languta timfanelo ni mintirho ya tatana. Hilaha ku fanaka, ku nga endliwa xikambelo xaku tika. Leswi a swi tolovelekanga ngopfu hikuva, hakatsongo tsongo hi nkarhi wa ku veleka niku tika, handle ka timhaka ta ku hundziseriwa ka embryo kumbe ku nyikela tandza, swi le rivaleni leswaku manana i mani. Hambiswiritano, yi tirhisiwa eka swiendlakalo swo hlaya swo fana na tinyimpi ta nawu laha ku veleka ka munhu ku tlhontlhiwaka, laha manana a nga tiyisekiki hikuva a nga vonanga n’wana wa yena nkarhi wo leha, kumbe laha vanhu lava feke va lavaka ku tiviwa. Hambileswi swinga vumbeki vumbhoni lebyi tshembekaka hiku helela, swihlawulekisi swo hlayanyana leswi velekiweke swo tanihi swiphemu swa tindleve leswi khomaneke, nhlohlorhi ya noni, kumbe xikandza lexi pandzekeke, swi nga ha tirha tanihi swikombiso swa nkarhinyana swa vutswari (leswi nga riki) tanihi leswi swi vonakaka hi ku olova naswona swi kumiwaka tanihi ndzhaka hiku tirhisa tijini leti lawulaka hi autosomal . Ndlela leyi tshembekaka swinene yo tiyisekisa vutswari iku kambisisa DNA (leyi tlhelaka yi tiviwa tanihi ku kandziyisa tintiho ta xitekela ). Hambiswiritano, tindlela ta khale ti katsa ku thayipa ntlawa wa ngati wa ABO, ku kambisisa tiphrotheyini tin’wana to hambanahambana ni ti enzyme, kumbe ku tirhisa ti antigen ta leukocyte ta vanhu . Tithekiniki ta sweswi to kambela vatatana ti tirhisa polymerase chain reaction na restriction fragment length polymorphism . Hambiswiritano, hi xiphemu lexikulu, ku kandziyisa tintiho ta xitekela ngopfu ku sivela swivumbeko swin’wana swo kambela. [[Category:Ndyangu]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] ohoek28ko2i83x6tae19k8q9mutqxn4 2 8189 42637 2026-09-25T22:45:58Z Mabundaxiluva 12530 Ndzi tumbuluxe draft 7 42637 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Man arms.jpg|thumb|Xifaniso xa munhu wa xinuna ]] '''Vanhu va xinuna''' va tlanga xiphemu xa nkoka emindyangwini, emigangeni, etindhawini ta ntirho ni le migangeni. Ntokoto wa ku va wanuna wu kuceteriwa hi swilo swa ntumbuluko swin’we ni ndhavuko, ndyangu, dyondzo, swiyimo swa ikhonomi ni ku langutela ka ntshamisano.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Gender and health|url=https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/gender-and-health|accessdate=2026-09-25|website=www.who.int|language=en}}</ref> Vavanuna a hi ntlawa wun’we, lowu fanaka; mintokoto ya vona yi nga hambana swinene hi ku ya hi malembe, ndhavuko, xiyimo xa ikhonomi ya vaaki, vulema, ku navela ka rimbewu ni swiyimo swin’wana.Hikwalaho ku twisisa vutomi bya vavanuna a swi lavi nyingiso ntsena eka vutihlamuleri bya vona ni ku hoxa xandla ka vona kambe ni le ka mintlhontlho leyi nga khumbaka rihanyo ra vona, vuxaka ni vuhlayiseki bya vona.Vavanuna va hoxa xandla eka vaaki hi tindlela to tala to hambana-hambana. Va nga ha va vatatana, vana va majaha, vamakwavo, vatirhisani, vadyondzisi, vatirhi, varhangeri va vaaki, vahlayisi kumbe vatirhi va ku tirhandzela. Vavanuna vo tala va tlhela va hoxa xandla hi ntirho wa le kaya lowu nga hakeriwiki ni ku khathalela vana ni maxaka.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Reaching men with person-centred health services through evidence-based approaches and interventions|url=https://www.who.int/news/item/29-11-2023-reaching-men-with-person-centred-health-services-through-evidence-based-approaches-and-interventions|accessdate=2026-09-25|website=www.who.int|language=en}}</ref> Miehleketo ya ndhavuko mayelana na vununa hakanyingi yi kandziyise swihlawulekisi swo fana na matimba, ku tiyimela, ku lawula mintlhaveko na vutihlamuleri bya timali. Hambileswi timfanelo to tanihi vutihlamuleri ni ku tiyisela ti nga vaka letinene, ku langutela loku nonon’hwaka ku nga vanga swiphiqo loko vavanuna va vona onge va fanele va tumbeta mintlhaveko, va papalata ku kombela mpfuno kumbe va langutana ni swiphiqo va ri voxe.Nhlangano wa Rihanyo wa Misava Hinkwayo (WHO) wu xiya leswaku mimpimanyeto ya rimbewu yi nga kucetela mahanyelo ya rihanyo ya vanhu ni ku fikelela vukorhokeri bya rihanyo. Ngopfu-ngopfu, mianakanyo yin’wana yo nonon’hwa malunghana ni vununa yi nga ha khutaza ku tipeta ekhombyeni, ku tirhisa swidzidzirisi hi ndlela yo biha kumbe ku kanakana ku lava mpfuno wa vutshunguri. Nhlangano wa Rihanyo wa Misava Hinkwayo<ref>{{Cite web|title=Challenging harmful masculinities and engaging men and boys in sexual and reproductive health|url=https://www.who.int/news/item/12-04-2024-challenging-harmful-masculinities-and-engaging-men-and-boys-in-sexual-and-reproductive-health|accessdate=2026-09-25|website=www.who.int|language=en}}</ref> Rihanyo ra vavanuna i xiphemu xa nkoka xa rihanyo ra vaaki. Rihanyo ra miri ri katsa ku sivela ni ku tshungula swiyimo swo tanihi vuvabyi bya mbilu ni misiha, khensa, mavabyi lama tlulelaka ni mavabyi man’wana. Ku kamberiwa ka vutshunguri nkarhi na nkarhi, ku endla vutiolori, ku dya swakudya leswi ringaniseriweke, vurhongo lebyi ringaneke ni ku papalata ku tirhisa swidzidzirisi leswi nga ni khombo swi nga hoxa xandla eka rihanyo lerinene.Ku fikelela nhlayiso wa rihanyo na swona i swa nkoka. WHO yi kombisile xilaveko xa vukorhokeri bya rihanyo lebyi fikelelaka no amukeleka eka vavanuna na lebyi hlamulaka eka swilaveko swa vona swo karhi swa rihanyo. Rimba ra yona ra misava hinkwayo eka vukorhokeri lebyi kongomisiweke eka munhu ri kandziyisa ku antswisa ku nghenelela ka vavanuna eka nhlayiso wa rihanyo.Rihanyo ra rimbewu ni ra ku veleka i ndhawu yin’wana ya nkoka. Vavanuna ni vafana va lava rungula leri kongomeke ni nhlayiso wa rihanyo lowu faneleke malunghana ni mavabyi lama tluletiwaka hi rimbewu, ku sivela mbeleko, ku veleka, rihanyo ra rimbewu ni vuxaka. WHO yi kombele nyingiso lowukulu eka swilaveko swo hambana swa rihanyo ra rimbewu na ku veleka swa vavanuna na vafana.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Engaging Men and Boys in Gender Equality and Health {{!}} United Nations Population Fund|url=https://www.unfpa.org/publications/engaging-men-and-boys-gender-equality-and-health|accessdate=2026-09-25|website=www.unfpa.org|language=en}}</ref> Ku hanya kahle ka mintlhaveko i xiphemu xa nkoka xa rihanyo hinkwaro ra vavanuna. Minkarhi yin’wana ku langutela ka ntshamisano ku khutaza vafana na vavanuna ku vonaka va tiyile naswona va papalata ku kombisa ku va ekhombyeni. Loko ku langutela loku ku sungula ku nonoka, ku nga endla leswaku swi tika swinene eka vavanuna van’wana ku bula hi swiphiqo swa mintlhaveko kumbe ku lava nseketelo wa xiphurofexinali.<ref>{{Cite web|title=United Nations: Gender equality|url=https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/gender-equality/|accessdate=2026-09-25|website=United Nations Sustainable Development|language=en-US}}</ref> == SWIHLOVO == <references /> s30ijljho34tli6s96bi2lbd2v4cbyv 0 8190 42638 2026-09-25T22:48:58Z Salivary 12474 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1369475192|Cafeteria]]" 42638 wikitext text/x-wiki Khafitheriya, leyi minkarhi yin'wana yi vitaniwaka kanitheni ehandle ka [[Amerikha ya le N'walungu|Amerika N'walungu]], i ndlhawu ya muxaka wa vukorhokeri bya swakudya laha ku nga riki na vatirhi lava tisaka swakudya etafuleni.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lunchroom|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/lunchroom|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190719083909/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/lunchroom|archive-date=2019-07-19|accessdate=2019-09-12|publisher=Merriam Webster}}</ref> Tikhafetheriya ti hambanile na ti coffeehouses, hambi leswi rito ra Xinghezi ri humaka eka rito ra [[Xipaniya]] cafetería, leri nga ni hlamuselo leyi fanaka. 4oabixp63ioyhl8y8qv69g52asaxpcx 0 8191 42639 2026-09-25T22:52:21Z Mabundaxiluva 12530 Ndzi tumbuluxe papila ra vanhu va xinuna 42639 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Man arms.jpg|thumb|Xifaniso xa munhu wa xinuna]] '''Vanhu va xinuna''' va tlanga xiphemu xa nkoka emindyangwini, emigangeni, etindhawini ta ntirho ni le migangeni. Ntokoto wa ku va wanuna wu kuceteriwa hi swilo swa ntumbuluko swin’we ni ndhavuko, ndyangu, dyondzo, swiyimo swa ikhonomi ni ku langutela ka ntshamisano.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Gender and health|url=https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/gender-and-health|accessdate=2026-09-25|website=www.who.int|language=en}}</ref> Vavanuna a hi ntlawa wun’we, lowu fanaka; mintokoto ya vona yi nga hambana swinene hi ku ya hi malembe, ndhavuko, xiyimo xa ikhonomi ya vaaki, vulema, ku navela ka rimbewu ni swiyimo swin’wana.Hikwalaho ku twisisa vutomi bya vavanuna a swi lavi nyingiso ntsena eka vutihlamuleri bya vona ni ku hoxa xandla ka vona kambe ni le ka mintlhontlho leyi nga khumbaka rihanyo ra vona, vuxaka ni vuhlayiseki bya vona.Vavanuna va hoxa xandla eka vaaki hi tindlela to tala to hambana-hambana. Va nga ha va vatatana, vana va majaha, vamakwavo, vatirhisani, vadyondzisi, vatirhi, varhangeri va vaaki, vahlayisi kumbe vatirhi va ku tirhandzela. Vavanuna vo tala va tlhela va hoxa xandla hi ntirho wa le kaya lowu nga hakeriwiki ni ku khathalela vana ni maxaka.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Reaching men with person-centred health services through evidence-based approaches and interventions|url=https://www.who.int/news/item/29-11-2023-reaching-men-with-person-centred-health-services-through-evidence-based-approaches-and-interventions|accessdate=2026-09-25|website=www.who.int|language=en}}</ref> Miehleketo ya ndhavuko mayelana na vununa hakanyingi yi kandziyise swihlawulekisi swo fana na matimba, ku tiyimela, ku lawula mintlhaveko na vutihlamuleri bya timali. Hambileswi timfanelo to tanihi vutihlamuleri ni ku tiyisela ti nga vaka letinene, ku langutela loku nonon’hwaka ku nga vanga swiphiqo loko vavanuna va vona onge va fanele va tumbeta mintlhaveko, va papalata ku kombela mpfuno kumbe va langutana ni swiphiqo va ri voxe.Nhlangano wa Rihanyo wa Misava Hinkwayo (WHO) wu xiya leswaku mimpimanyeto ya rimbewu yi nga kucetela mahanyelo ya rihanyo ya vanhu ni ku fikelela vukorhokeri bya rihanyo. Ngopfu-ngopfu, mianakanyo yin’wana yo nonon’hwa malunghana ni vununa yi nga ha khutaza ku tipeta ekhombyeni, ku tirhisa swidzidzirisi hi ndlela yo biha kumbe ku kanakana ku lava mpfuno wa vutshunguri. Nhlangano wa Rihanyo wa Misava Hinkwayo<ref>{{Cite web|title=Challenging harmful masculinities and engaging men and boys in sexual and reproductive health|url=https://www.who.int/news/item/12-04-2024-challenging-harmful-masculinities-and-engaging-men-and-boys-in-sexual-and-reproductive-health|accessdate=2026-09-25|website=www.who.int|language=en}}</ref> Rihanyo ra vavanuna i xiphemu xa nkoka xa rihanyo ra vaaki. Rihanyo ra miri ri katsa ku sivela ni ku tshungula swiyimo swo tanihi vuvabyi bya mbilu ni misiha, khensa, mavabyi lama tlulelaka ni mavabyi man’wana. Ku kamberiwa ka vutshunguri nkarhi na nkarhi, ku endla vutiolori, ku dya swakudya leswi ringaniseriweke, vurhongo lebyi ringaneke ni ku papalata ku tirhisa swidzidzirisi leswi nga ni khombo swi nga hoxa xandla eka rihanyo lerinene.Ku fikelela nhlayiso wa rihanyo na swona i swa nkoka. WHO yi kombisile xilaveko xa vukorhokeri bya rihanyo lebyi fikelelaka no amukeleka eka vavanuna na lebyi hlamulaka eka swilaveko swa vona swo karhi swa rihanyo. Rimba ra yona ra misava hinkwayo eka vukorhokeri lebyi kongomisiweke eka munhu ri kandziyisa ku antswisa ku nghenelela ka vavanuna eka nhlayiso wa rihanyo.Rihanyo ra rimbewu ni ra ku veleka i ndhawu yin’wana ya nkoka. Vavanuna ni vafana va lava rungula leri kongomeke ni nhlayiso wa rihanyo lowu faneleke malunghana ni mavabyi lama tluletiwaka hi rimbewu, ku sivela mbeleko, ku veleka, rihanyo ra rimbewu ni vuxaka. WHO yi kombele nyingiso lowukulu eka swilaveko swo hambana swa rihanyo ra rimbewu na ku veleka swa vavanuna na vafana.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Engaging Men and Boys in Gender Equality and Health {{!}} United Nations Population Fund|url=https://www.unfpa.org/publications/engaging-men-and-boys-gender-equality-and-health|accessdate=2026-09-25|website=www.unfpa.org|language=en}}</ref> Ku hanya kahle ka mintlhaveko i xiphemu xa nkoka xa rihanyo hinkwaro ra vavanuna. Minkarhi yin’wana ku langutela ka ntshamisano ku khutaza vafana na vavanuna ku vonaka va tiyile naswona va papalata ku kombisa ku va ekhombyeni. Loko ku langutela loku ku sungula ku nonoka, ku nga endla leswaku swi tika swinene eka vavanuna van’wana ku bula hi swiphiqo swa mintlhaveko kumbe ku lava nseketelo wa xiphurofexinali.<ref>{{Cite web|title=United Nations: Gender equality|url=https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/gender-equality/|accessdate=2026-09-25|website=United Nations Sustainable Development|language=en-US}}</ref> == SWIHLOVO == <references /> 2v704cupyqqh84qjv9h9uq8qevreoii