Wikipedia tswiki https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tlukankulu MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.21 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 4689 42770 36807 2026-09-29T16:38:58Z Nadia Jay 12491 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345137221|Diospyros mespiliformis]]" 42770 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Speciesbox|name=Jackalberry|image=Chobe N.P. 01.jpg|image_caption=Mature specimens on the shore of the [[Cuando River]], [[Chobe National Park|Chobe N.P.]], Botswana|status=LC|status_system=IUCN3.1|status_ref=<ref name=IUCN>{{cite iucn |author=Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI) |author2=IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group |year=2021 |title=''Diospyros mespiliformis'' |article-number=e.T173967A1406816 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-2.RLTS.T173967A1406816.en}}</ref>|genus=Diospyros|species=mespiliformis|authority=Hochst. ex A. DC.|synonyms=''Diospyros sabiensis'' <small>Hiern</small><br /> ''Diospyros senegalensis'' <small>Perr. ex A. DC.</small>}} '''''Diospyros mespiliformis''''', '''jackalberry''' (leyi tivekaka tani hi '''African ebony''' naswona hi vito ra yona [[Xibhunu|ra xi Afrikaans]] '''jakkalsbessie''' ), i nsinya lowukulu wa dioecious lowu tshamaka wuri wa rihlaza lowu kumekaka ngopfu eka ti savannas ta [[Afrika]]. Ti jackals titsakela mihandzu leyi, hikokwalaho ka mavito lawa ya tolovelekeke. I xirho xa ndyangu wa Ebenaceae, naswona yi fambelana na ebony ya ntiyiso (D. ''ebenum)'' na persimmon leyi dyiwaka ( ''D. kaki)''. == Nhlamuselo == Misinya leyi vupfeke yina makwandzasi ya grey ya ntima lawa yanga na swiphemuphemu. Murhi lowunkulu wufika eka xiringaniso xa mune to ntsevu wa timitara (khume nharhu ku ya eka makume mbirhi ft) hi ku leha, hambi leswi minkarhi yin’wana mirhi yi fikaka eka makume mbirhi ntlhanu wa timitara (82.) ft). Matluka ya kona ya tsindziyerile naswona ya rihlaza ra ntima na matluka ya elliptical, lawa ya talaka ku dyiwa hi swiharhi leswi risaka swofana na tindlopfu na tinyarhi ta Afrika. Murhi lowu wu hluka hi nguva ya timpfula; swiluva a swi hetisekanga, swi ni rimbewu emirhini leyi hambaneke, naswona swi ni muvala wa khirimi. Nsinya wa xisati wu tswala mihandzu hi nguva yo oma naswona leswi swi dyiwa hi swiharhi swotala swa nhova; tina xivumbeko xa oval, yatshuka kumbe ya xivunguvungu loko ti vupfile <ref name="florz" /> naswona ti kwalomu ka mbirhi ku fika ka nharhu wa ticetimita (0,8–1,2) hi ku hatlisa in) hi vukulu. Mihandzu yitshama yirikarhi yi nghenisiwa eka ti calyx lobes leti phikelelaka. <ref name="florz">{{Cite web|last=Hyde|first=M.A.|display-authors=etal|title=Diospyros mespiliformis Hochst. ex A. DC.|url=https://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=144030|accessdate=20 November 2018|website=Flora of Zimbabwe}}</ref> Kufana na [[Nkanyi|marula]], nsinya lowu wutsakeriwa hi vanhu va Bantu, lava vatava siya vakula eka misava ya vona leyi rimiweke leswaku vata tshovela mihandzu. == Ndhawu na ndhawu yo tshama eka yona == ''Diospyros mespiliformis'' yi hangalaka ngopfu hi Afrika yale Subsaharan xikan’we na Yemen. Misinya ya Jackalberry yitala ku mila emakhwatini yale ribuweni nale ka ti termite mounds, yitsakela misava leyi dzikeke ya alluvial, kambe ayi tolovelekanga eka misava ya sandi e savanna. Yi mila hi mutualism na ti termites, leti humesaka moya eka misava leyi rhendzeleke timintsu ta yona kambe tinga dyi tihunyi leti hanyaka; hi hala tlhelo, murhi lowu wu nyika nsirhelelo eka ti termites. Jackalberry i xirho lexikulu xa muxaka wa yona e dzongeni wa subtropics, naswona yikona en’walungwini kuya e Sahara. Yihumelela eka tindzhawu tale henhla kusuka eka tindzhawu ta subtropical kuya eka tropical. == Matirhiselo == === Mihandzu === [[File:Diospyros_mespiliformis_MS_2107.JPG|right|thumb|210x210px| Rhavi leri vekaka mihandzu ra nsinya wa xisati.]] Ximilani xa swakudya swa ndhavuko e Afrika, muhandzu lowu wuna vuswikoti byo antswisa swakudya, ku tlakusa nsirhelelo wa swakudya, ku kurisa nhluvukiso wa le makaya naku seketela nhlayiso wa misava lowu nga heriki.<ref>{{Cite book |last=National Research Council |date=2008-01-25 |title=Lost Crops of Africa: Volume III: Fruits |url=http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=11879 |publisher=National Academies Press |isbn=978-0-309-10596-5 |volume=3 |chapter=Ebony |access-date=2008-07-25 |chapter-url=http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=11879&page=253}}</ref> [[File:Dried_Jackalberry_fruits_of_Africa_(eenyandi).jpg|alt=Eenyandi|thumb| Mihandzu leyi omisiweke ya nsinya wa jackalberry, leyi lulameleke ku hlayisiwa.]] Mihandzu ya kona ya dyiwa hi vanhu; nantswo wa yona wu hlamuseriwile tani hi [[Lamula|xikwavava]] -like, na kufana ka chalky loko yinga vupfangiki, na nyama yo tsokombela loko yi vupfile. Hi xiringaniso mihandzu leyi yina mbirhi ku fika eka ntlhanu wa mbewu ya buraweni. Vanhu votala vatsakela ku ti tshika ti oma loko vanga se dya, naswona letinga oma ti hlayisiwa naku dyiwa tani hi swakudya swo olova loko mihandzu yotsakama yihuma nguva. Minkarhi yin'wana ti hlayisiwa, ti nga omisiwa ti gayeriwa ku va vuswa naswona ti tala ku tirhisiwa ku sweka [[Byala|biya]] na brandy. Vanhu vale ka Ovambo va vitana mihandzu ya jackalberry ''eenyandi'' naswona vayi tirhisa ku distill ''ombike'', byala bya vona bya xintu. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Shaanika |first=Helvy |date=26 October 2012 |title=Ombike – a potent traditional brew |url=http://www.newera.com.na/articles/48705/Ombike---a-potent-traditional-brew |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121028101820/http://www.newera.com.na/articles/48705/Ombike---a-potent-traditional-brew |archive-date=28 October 2012 |work=[[New Era (Namibia)|New Era]]}}</ref> === Vutshunguri === Matluka, madzovo na timintsu ta sinya lowu tina tannin, leyinga tirhisiwaka tani hi styptic ku tiyisisa ku huma ngati. Timintsu ta kona ti dyiwa ku basisa switsotswana naswona ku ehleketiwa leswaku i murhi [[Nhlokonho|wa nhlokono]]. === Rihunyi === Tihunyi ta jackalberry ti lava kuva tinga ngheniwi hi termite. Tihunyi ta mbilu tina mavele ya kahle naswona ti tiya, naswona titala kutirhisiwa ku endla fuloro ya mapulanga na fanichara. Swirhabyani swa murhi lowu swi tirhisiwa ku endla swikepe.Tihunyi ta kona tina mihlovo kusuka eka muhlovo wotshuka wo dzwihala kuya eka buraweni wo dwihala swinene. == swifaniso == <gallery mode="packed" heights="140" style="font-size:100%; line-height:130%"> File:Diospyros_mespiliformis,_gebreekte_vrug,_b,_Jan_Celliers_Park.jpg|{{Center|broken green fruit}} File:Diospyros_mespiliformis.jpg|{{Center|ripe fruit, disected}} File:Diospyros_mespiliformis,_vars_loof,_c,_Jan_Celliers_Park.jpg|{{Center|new foliage}} File:Diospyros_mespiliformis,_blare,_Jan_Celliers_Park.jpg|{{Center|mature foliage}} </gallery> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == ftql1zixec2o2hz3x5cb0g7ohjgf423 0 4696 42766 41966 2026-09-29T16:22:11Z Nadia Jay 12491 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1361371342|Euclea crispa]]" 42766 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Euclea crispa''''', lexi hi ntolovelo xi tiviwaka tani hi '''blue guarri''', i muxaka wa swimilani swa Afrotropical swa ndyangu wa Ebenaceae. Swimilani leswi tiyeke na leswi tshamaka swiri rihlaza swinga endla ximilani xo enta xa swihlahla, <ref name="kcp">{{Cite book |last=Palgrave |first=Keith Coates |year=1984 |title=Trees of Southern Africa |publisher=Struik |isbn=0-86977-081-0 |location=Cape Town |pages=736–737}}</ref> kutani swikula kuya eka vukulu bya misinya.Yi hangalakile naswona yi tolovelekile eka tindhawu ta le ndzeni ka Dzongeni wa Afrika, <ref name="palmer">{{Cite book |last=Palmer |first=Eve |author-link=Eve Palmer |year=1977 |title=A Field Guide to the Trees of Southern Africa |publisher=Collins |isbn=0-620-05468-9 |location=London, Johannesburg |pages=282–284}}</ref> naswona yi humelela en’walungwini kuya eka tindhawu leti hisaka. Hambi leswi tin’wana ti nga kona ekusuhi na ribuwa ra dzonga na le vuxeni bya Afrika Dzonga, <ref name="elsa">{{Cite book |last=Pooley |first=Elsa |year=1997 |title=Trees of Natal, Zululand and Transkei |publisher=Natal Flora Publications Trust |isbn=0-620-17697-0 |location=Durban |pages=398}}</ref> hi ntolovelo ti humelela eka vukulu bya le xikarhi ku ya eka bya le henhla. <ref name="fzim">{{Cite web|last=Hyde|first=Mark|display-authors=etal|title=Euclea crispa (Thunb.) Sond. ex Gürke subsp. crispa|url=http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=143850|accessdate=18 November 2013|website=Flora of Zimbabwe}}</ref> Yitiveka hiku olova kusuka eka xivumbeko xa yona lexingana marhavi yotala xikan’we na muhlovo wa matluka ya bluish wo dzwihala. Lava va tswalaka matluka ya lanceolate hambiswiritano va nga ha fana na Wild olive, <ref name="palmer" /> muxaka wun’wana lowu tolovelekeke wa ti plateaus ta le ndzeni. == Ndzhawu na ndzhawu yo tshama eka yona == Yitumbuluka exikarhi ka [[Afrika-Dzonga|Afrika Dzonga]] (laha yin’wana ya tinxaka ta 35 ta ti ebony ta ndzhavuko), <ref name="plantz">{{Cite web|last=Stoll|first=Nicolette|date=Aug 2010|title=Euclea crispa (Thunb.) Gürke subsp. crispa|url=http://www.plantzafrica.com/plantefg/eucleacrispacrispa.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160802041931/http://www.plantzafrica.com/plantefg/eucleacrispacrispa.htm|archive-date=2 August 2016|accessdate=15 November 2013|website=PlantZAfrica.com|publisher=SANBI}}</ref> [[Lesotho]], [[ESwatini|Eswatini]], ndhawu yale henhla ya Zimbabwe na Eastern Highlands, <ref name="palmer" /> [[Angola]], [[Zambiya|Zambia]], [[Malawi]] <ref name="kcp" /> na tindhawu tale henhla ta Afrika yo hisa. <ref name="elsa" /> Yi kumeka eka swihlahla leswi pfulekeke kumbe swo tiya etlhelo ka milambu, <ref name="wits">{{Cite book |last=Tree Society of Southern Africa |year=1974 |title=Trees and Shrubs of the Witwatersrand |publisher=Witwatersrand University Press |isbn=0-85494-236-X |location=Johannesburg |pages=134–135}}</ref> ndhawu ya makhwati, kloofs, swintshabyana, khwati leri pfulekeke, etlhelo ka makhwati ya makhwati naswona nkarhi na nkarhi eka tindhawu leti sirhelelekeke ta maribye.<ref name="palmer" /> <ref name="fzim" /> Yitala kuva kona eka lowveld laha yinga ringanela eka tindzhawu letingana maribye, kumbe tindzhawu letinga na mpfula yotala. <ref name="piet">{{Cite book |last=Van Wyk |first=Piet |year=1984 |title=Field Guide to the Trees of the Kruger National Park |publisher=C. Struik |isbn=0-86977-221-X |location=Cape Town |page=224}}</ref> == Ntolovelo == I xihlahla kumbe nsinya wa xirhendzevutani, wo tsindziyela na ku va na swihlahla,<ref name="wits" /> lowu fikaka eka ku leha ka mbirhi ku ya eka tsevu wa timitara <ref name="wits" /> (a swi tali ku va nhungu ku ya eka 20 wa timitara), <ref name="kcp" /> <ref name="palmer" /> <ref name="elsa" /> na harhi leyi hangalakeke, leyi talaka ku va leyi ringanaka. Yikula hiku nonoka kufana na ti congeners ta yona, naswona yiva na xirhami na dyandza loko yikula. <ref name="plantz" /> Le Zimbabwe i xihlahla lexi leheke kanwe kuya eka mbirhi wa timitara, <ref name="kcp" /> xi endla tikoloni letintsongo, to tsindziyela, kumbe nsinya lowuntsongo. <ref name="fzim" /> == Nhlamuselo == === Bole na madzovo === Bole yiva na nsinya wun’we kumbe yina swirhabyani swotala naswona yifika eka khume nharhu wa ticetimita hi vukulu. <ref name="palmer" /> Tihunyi ta kona tina buraweni wo dzwihala, ti tiya naswona tina mavele yale kusuhi. <ref name="elsa" /> Makwandzasi ya kona ya hambana kusuka eka grey <ref name="wits" /> kuya eka buraweni kumbe ya ntima, <ref name="palmer" /> naswona ya rhetela eka misinya leyintsongo, kambe ya khwaxa eka misinya ya khale.<ref name="kcp" /> === Matluka ya kona === Swimilani leswi swi rhwale xifunengeto xo enta xa matluka yo olova ya muvala wo dzwihala wa rihlaza ra grey na lineament yo tiya, ya dzovo.<ref name="palmer" /> Ku hambana hi tlhelo ra muhlovo, xivumbeko, xivumbeko na maendlelo hambiswiritano swikulu swinene. <ref name="palmer" /> Muhlovo wa matluka wuhambana kusuka eka rihlaza ra greyish kuya eka ra wasi wo hlawuleka, naswona xivumbeko xa matluka ya hambana kusuka eka lanceolate kuya eka obovate. <ref name="palmer" /> Marhavi lamantshwa na matluka swifunengetiwe hi swikalo swa rust-brown (gland granules), <ref name="kcp" /> <ref name="braam">{{Cite book |last=Van Wyk |first=Braam |year=1997 |title=Field Guide to Trees of Southern Africa |publisher=Struik |isbn=1-86825-922-6 |location=Cape Town |pages=340 |display-authors=etal}}</ref> kasi matluka lawa ya vupfeke yangava na voya kumbe yanga ri na voya. <ref name="piet" /> Matluka yangava ya langutane, sub-opposite kumbe yanga tali ku cincana. <ref name="kcp" /> Petiole yo olova yina nwe na hafu kuya eka mbirhi wa timitara tirha hiku leha, <ref name="kcp" /> naswona matluka ya kona ya lehe kufika eka 5 x 1.5&nbsp;cm. <ref name="piet" /> Ti veins ta matluka ti basile naswona ti vonaka kahle eka ku vonakala, ku hambana na opaque venation ya misinya ya Wild olive.<ref name="palmer" /> <ref name="wits" /> Matluka ma nga ha fana ni ya [[Nhlangulane|Natal guarri]], ku nga muxaka lowu hi ntolovelo wu nga ehansi, kambe matluka ya lawa yo hetelela ma ni xirhabyani lexi nga ni voya lebyintsongo. <ref name="elsa" /> === Swiluva === Swiluva leswi nun’hwelaka swihumelerisiwa hi ximumu, kusukela hi Hlangula kuya eka Nyanyankulu. <ref name="fzim" /> Tiva tintsongo, ta waxy, ti penduous, ta muhlovo wotshuka <ref name="piet" /> kuya eka rihlaza ro basa naswona ti rhwariwe eka ti axillary pseudo-racemes, <ref name="palmer" /> <ref name="piet" /> ti khoma swiluva swi nharhu kuya eka khume xin’wana na xin’wana. <ref name="kcp" /> Ti corollas ta tona letingana xivumbeko xa bele tina ti lobed leti dzikeke, <ref name="kcp" /> <ref name="braam" /> naswona ti ovaries ti funengetiwile swinene hi bristles. <ref name="kcp" /> === Mihandzu === Ti berries ta xirhendzevutani, ta vukulu bya pea (mune kuya eka ntlhanu wa timitara hi vukulu) <ref name="piet" /> ti tekiwa ti ri leti nandzihaka loko ti vupfile. <ref name="wits" /> Yiva na mbewu yin’we naswona yi rhwariwe eka misinya ya xisati ntsena.a<ref name="braam" /> Loko ya vupfa, ya hundzuka ya rihlaza kuya eka buraweni wotshuka, naswona ekuheteleleni yava ya ntima. <ref name="kcp" /> <ref name="fzim" /> <ref name="wits" /> Ti na voya nyana kumbe swinene loko tiri rihlaza, <ref name="kcp" /> kambe ti na voya byotala kumbe kutlula loko ti vupfile. <ref name="piet" /> Swimilani swinga byariwa hiku olova swinene kusuka eka mbewu yotsakama, yo nona, leyi byariwaka endzhakunyana ka ntshovelo.<ref name="plantz" /> == Tinxaka letitsongo == * Ndzhawu: Yihangalakile swinene e Dzongeni wa Afrika * Nhlamuselo: Matluka ya cinca cinca kambe ya nga ri na magandlati, ya rhetela hi ku anama na nhlohlorhi ya xirhendzevutani, kumbe nhlohlorhi ya acute na nhloko ya xirhendzevutani, <ref name="palmer" /> matlhelo ya kona hinkwawo, naswona hi xitalo yatsongo naswona ya rhetela <ref name="kcp" /> ku tlula lawa ya landzelaka. '''var.''' '''''ovata''''' * Ndzhawu: tindzhawu ta le vuxeni bya karroid (kukatsa na Cradock na Middelburg ) kuya e Northern Cape (kukatsa na Kimberley na Kuruman ) nale Dzongeni wa Free State * Nhlamuselo: Matluka ya na magandlati, ya ovate swinene naswona ya rhetela swinene, ya ni voya byo enta loko ya ha ri yatsongo, <ref name="kcp" /> minkarhi yin’wana ya na swirhendzevutani swa timinete, <ref name="palmer" /> naswona a ya hambanisiwi ngopfu na [[Euclea coriacea|Mountain guarri]] laha yi hlanganisaka kona <ref name="kcp" /> == Ku tirhisana ka tinxaka na matirhiselo == Ti lichens titala ku mila eka madzovo ya khale. <ref name="plantz" /> Tinyoxi ti kokiwa hi nuhwelo wo nandziha wa swiluva swa ximumu, naswona switsotswana swa switsotswana swa ''Ectoedemia crispae'' na ''Graphiocephala barbitias'' swidya matluka. Mihandzu ya kona yi dyiwa hi swinyenyana na swihadyani leswi mamisaka, ku katsa na ti antelope, ti vervet monkeys, <ref name="plantz" /> ti mongooses na ti rats,<ref name="elsa" /> kasi madzovo na matluka ya kona swi dyiwa hi Black rhino.<ref name="braam" /> Dayi leyi humesiwaka eka timintsu yitirhisiwa eka mabasikiti, mats na voya. <ref name="braam" /> Ku cheriwa ka rimitsu hi murhi ku tlhela ku tirhisiwa eka mavabyi yo hambana-hambana, <ref name="plantz" /> naswona mihandzu kumbe madzovo ya kona ya tirhisiwa tanihi xibasisi.<ref name="palmer" /><templatestyles src="Module:Gallery/styles.css"></templatestyles>  <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} fezcv8gbqm461pbjazkezvfima4tc5r 0 4712 42774 38169 2026-09-29T16:50:21Z Nadia Jay 12491 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1371814087|Senegalia nigrescens]]" 42774 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Speciesbox|image=Acacia nigrescens, habitus, Steenbokpan, a.jpg|image_caption=In [[Limpopo]], South Africa|genus=Senegalia|species=nigrescens|authority=([[Daniel Oliver (botanist)|Oliv.]]) P.J.H.Hurter|synonyms=*''Acacia nigrescens'' <small>Oliv.</small>|status=LC|status_system=IUCN3.1|status_ref=<ref name="iucn status 28 August 2026">{{cite iucn |author=IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group | author2=Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI) |date=2026|title=''Senegalia nigrescens'' |volume=2026|article-number=e.T191199757A208353943 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2026-1.RLTS.T191199757A208353943.en |access-date=28 August 2026}}</ref>}} '''''Senegalia nigrescens''''', '''knobthorn''', i nsinya wa Afrika lowu tshovelaka matluka, wukula kufika eka khume nhungu wa timitara ku leha, <ref name="plantz">{{Cite web|last=Masupa|first=Thabo|title=''Senegalia nigrescens'' (as ''Acacia nigrescens'')|url=http://www.plantzafrica.com/plantab/acacianigrescens.htm|accessdate=7 October 2012|website=PlantZAfrica.com|publisher=National Herbarium, Pretoria}}</ref> leyi kumekaka eka swifundzha swa savanna ku suka eAfrika Vupeladyambu ku ya fika eAfrika-Dzonga. Nsinya lowu wukota ku kondzelela dyandza, awu tiyiseli eka xirhami naswona tihunyi ta wona to tiya ti kondzelela ti termites.<ref name="plantz" /> == ikholoji == Ti nhutlwa titala ku pfula eka swiluva na matluka ya nsinya lowu, kasi ti mbewu pods na matluka ya pfula hi swihadyani swohambana hambana leswi mamisaka, kukatsa na tindlopfu.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Van Wyk |first=Piet |date=2008 |title=Field guide to the TREES of the Kruger National Park |publisher=Struik |isbn=978-1-77007-759-1 |location=Cape Town |page=69}}</ref> Ku ehleketiwile leswaku tinjiya na tona ti tirha tani hi swilo leswi endlaka leswi endlaka leswaku ku va ni vulombe. Swiluva swa yona swa spicate swi lehe ngopfu leswaku swinga sirheleriwa hi mitwa naswona aswi na swisirhelelo swa ti khemikhali, swiluva swa yona swina muhlovo wotshuka kutlula kuva na muhlovo wo vangama tani hileswi switolovelekeke eka tinxaka letinga na switsotswana leswinga pollinated, naswona yi hluka eku heleni ka nguva yo oma hi Ndhzati loko swakudya swin’wana swinga kumeki ngopfu. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=du Toit |first=J. T. |date=1992 |title=Winning by a neck. |url=https://www.naturalhistorymag.com/picks-from-the-past/12487/winning-by-a-neck |journal=Natural History |volume=8 |pages=29-32}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Dutoit |first=J.t. |date=1990 |title=Giraffe feeding on Acacia flowers: predation or pollination? |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-2028.1990.tb01137.x |journal=African Journal of Ecology |language=en |volume=28 |issue=1 |pages=63–68 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2028.1990.tb01137.x |issn=1365-2028 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Hambiswiritano, kuhunguteka loku voniweke eka mihandzu leyi vekiweke eka ndzhawu leyi giraffe yidyaka eka yona swiringanyeta ku dyiwa ka swiharhi kutlula pollination, laha pollination leyi tirhaka yitala ku endliwa hi switsotswana kumbe swinyenyani.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Fleming |first=Patricia A. |last2=Hofmeyr |first2=Sally D. |last3=Nicolson |first3=Sue W. |last4=du Toit |first4=Johan T. |date=2006 |title=Are Giraffes Pollinators or Flower Predators of Acacia nigrescens in Kruger National Park, South Africa? |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4092044 |journal=Journal of Tropical Ecology |volume=22 |issue=3 |pages=247–253 |issn=0266-4674}}</ref> == Matirhiselo == Mafurha lawa ya endliwaka ku suka eka timintsu hi tolovelo ya tirhisiwa ku tshungula ku pfimba. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Cumes |first=David |date=2009 |title=Healing trees & plants of the Lowveld |publisher=Struik Nature |others=Rael Loon, Dries Bester |isbn=978-1-77007-833-8 |location=Cape Town, South Africa |oclc=506229195}}</ref> == Swifaniso == {{Center|compound leaves}}<gallery> File:Acacia_nigrescens,_saamgestelde_blare,_Steenbokpan.jpg|alt=compound leaves File:Acacia_nigrescens,_bloeiwyse,_Pretoria_NBT.jpg|{{Center|flower spike}} File:Acacia_nigrescens,_peule,_Steenbokpan.jpg|{{Center|rufous seed pods}} File:Acacia_nigrescens,_knoppiesbas,_Steenbokpan,_a.jpg|{{Center|knobbly bark}} </gallery> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == {{Reflist}} jc5mekjvxrsvnil7x1f7yruo0u3xhzd 0 4717 42795 36936 2026-09-29T18:02:02Z Nadia Jay 12491 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1373770720|Ficus thonningii]]" 42795 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Speciesbox|image=Mulemba.jpg|status=LC|status_system=IUCN3.1|status_ref=<ref name = iucn>{{cite iucn |author=Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI). |author2=IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group. |year=2019 |title=''Ficus thonningii'' |volume=2019 |article-number=e.T146188444A146218892 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T146188444A146218892.en |language=en |access-date=7 September 2026}}</ref>|genus=Ficus|species=thonningii|authority=[[Carl Ludwig Blume|Blume]]|synonyms={{collapsible list|bullets=true |title=Synonymy |''Ficus acrocarpa'' {{small|(Miq.) Steud. ex Miq.}} |''Ficus acrocarpa var. ellipticifolia'' {{small|Miq.}} |''Ficus acrocarpa var. saligna'' {{small|(Hochst.) Miq.}} |''Ficus annobonensis'' {{small|Mildbr. & Hutch.}} |''Ficus basarensis'' {{small|Warb. ex Mildbr. & Burret}} |''Ficus bequaertii'' {{small|De Wild.}} |''Ficus bongoensis'' {{small|Warb.}} |''Ficus burkei'' {{small|(Miq.) Miq.}} |''Ficus butaguensis'' {{small|De Wild.}} |''Ficus chlamydodora'' {{small|Warb. ex Engl.}} |''Ficus cognata'' {{small|N.E.Br.}} |''Ficus crassipedicellata'' {{small|De Wild.}} |''Ficus crassipedicellata'' f. ''angustifolia'' {{small|De Wild.}} |''Ficus crassipedicellata'' f. ''boonei'' {{small|De Wild.}} |''Ficus crassipedicellata'' var. ''cuneata'' {{small|De Wild.}} |''Ficus cyphocarpa'' {{small|Mildbr.}} |''Ficus dekdekena'' {{small|(Miq.) A.Rich.}} |''Ficus dekdekena'' var. ''angustifolia'' {{small|Peter}} |''Ficus dinteri'' {{small|Warb.}} |''Ficus dissocarpa'' {{small|Hochst. ex A.Rich.}} |''Ficus dusenii'' {{small|Warb.}} |''Ficus erici-rosenii'' {{small|R.E.Fr.}} |''Ficus eriocarpa'' {{small|Warb.}} |''Ficus galpinii'' {{small|Warb.}} |''Ficus goetzei'' {{small|Warb.}} |''Ficus hochstetteri'' {{small|(Miq.) A.Rich.}} |''Ficus hochstetteri'' var. ''glabior'' {{small|Miq.}} |''Ficus iteophylla'' {{small|Miq.}} |''Ficus kagerensis'' {{small|Lebrun & L.Touss.}} |''Ficus mabifolia'' {{small|Warb.}} |''Ficus mabifolia'' {{small|Warb.}} |''Ficus mammigera'' {{small|R.E.Fr.}} |''Ficus medullaris'' {{small|Warb.}} |''Ficus microcarpa'' {{small|Vahl, nom. illeg. homonym. post.}} |''Ficus neurocarpa'' {{small|Lebrun & L.Touss. (1948), non Hollick (1903), fossil name.}} |''Ficus persicifolia'' {{small|Welw. ex Warb.}} |''Ficus persicifolia'' var. ''angustifolia'' {{small|Warb.}} |''Ficus persicifolia'' var. ''glabripes'' {{small|Warb.}} |''Ficus petersii'' {{small|Warb.}} |''Ficus phillipsii'' {{small|Burtt Davy & Hutch.}} |''Ficus psilopoga'' {{small|Welw. ex Ficalho}} |''Ficus pubicosta'' {{small|Warb. ex De Wild. & T.Durand}} |''Ficus rhodesiaca'' {{small|Warb. ex Mildbr. & Burret}} |''Ficus rokko'' {{small|Warb. & Schweinf}} |''Ficus ruficeps'' {{small|Warb.}} |''Ficus rupicola'' {{small|Lebrun & L.Touss.}} |''Ficus saligna'' {{small|Hochst.}} |''Ficus schimperi'' {{small|(Miq.) A.Rich.}} |''Ficus schimperi'' var. ''hochstetteri'' {{small|(Miq.) Mildbr. & Burret}} |''Ficus schinziana'' {{small|Warb.}} |''Ficus spragueana'' {{small|Mildbr. & Burret}} |''Ficus thonningii'' var. ''heterophylla'' {{small|Peter}} |''Ficus tropophyton'' {{small|Lebrun & L.Touss.}} |''Urostigma acrocarpum'' {{small|Miq.}} |''Urostigma burkei'' {{small|Miq.}} |''Urostigma dekdekena'' {{small|Miq.}} |''Urostigma hochstetteri'' {{small|Miq.}} |''Urostigma schimperi'' {{small|Miq.}} |''Urostigma thonningii'' {{small|(Blume) Miq.}} }}|synonyms_ref=<ref name = powo>{{cite POWO |id= 853830-1 |title= ''Ficus thonningii'' Blume|access-date= 7 September 2026}}</ref>}} '''''Ficus thonningii''''' i muxaka wa ''Ficus ..''I nsinya lowu tumbulukaka etindhawini to hisa ni le dzongeni wa Afrika ni le [[Cape Verde|Swihlaleni swa Cape Verde]] ..Hi ntolovelo yitiveka tani hi '''Mũgumo''' eka Agikuyu kumbe Strangler Fig hi Xinghezi lexi tolovelekeke. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Ficus thonningii (F. dekdekana)|url=http://apps.worldagroforestry.org/usefultrees/pdflib/Ficus_thonningii_KEN.pdf|accessdate=2022-08-10|website=Apps.worldagroforestry.org|format=PDF}}</ref> Nxopaxopo wa sweswinyana wa phylogenetic wu ringanyeta leswaku swi nga ha endleka ku ri muxaka lowu rharhanganeke. Muxaka lowu wu na matirhiselo yohambana hambana ya ikhonomi na mbango eka miganga yotala ya vurimi na vufuwi e Afrika.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Balehegn |first=Mulubrhan |last2=Eik |first2=Lars O. |last3=Tesfay |first3=Yayneshet |date=2015-07-03 |title=Silvopastoral system based on Ficus thonningii: an adaptation to climate change in northern Ethiopia |journal=African Journal of Range & Forage Science |volume=32 |issue=3 |pages=183–191 |doi=10.2989/10220119.2014.942368 |issn=1022-0119 |s2cid=85290828}}</ref> Eka tindzhawu tin’wana taku oma e Afrika xikombiso, i xihlovo xa kahle swinene xa madyelo ya swifuwo ya nguva yo oma, hikuva yi humesa matluka lawa yanga na swakudya swotala <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Balehegn |first=Mulubrhan |last2=Eik |first2=Lars Olav |last3=Tesfay |first3=Yayneshet |date=2014-04-09 |title=Replacing commercial concentrate by Ficus thonningii improved productivity of goats in Ethiopia |journal=Tropical Animal Health and Production |language=en |volume=46 |issue=5 |pages=889–894 |doi=10.1007/s11250-014-0582-9 |issn=0049-4747 |pmid=24715205 |s2cid=14401979}}</ref> hi xitalo <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Balehegn |first=Mulubrhan |last2=Eniang |first2=E. A. |last3=Hassen |first3=Abubeker |date=2012-04-01 |title=Estimation of browse biomass of Ficus thonningii, an indigenous multipurpose fodder tree in northern Ethiopia |journal=African Journal of Range & Forage Science |volume=29 |issue=1 |pages=25–30 |doi=10.2989/10220119.2012.687071 |issn=1022-0119 |s2cid=84686088}}</ref> lembe hinkwaro. Swiphemu swa ximilani lexi dyiwaka eka swifuwo swikatsa, matluka, swirhabyani na madzovo, naswona swakudya swa swona swa hambana kuya hi nguva.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Effect of maturity on chemical composition of edible parts of Ficus thonningii Blume (Moraceae): an indigenous multipurpose fodder tree in Ethiopia|url=http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd27/12/bale27233.htm|accessdate=2016-06-04|website=Lrrd.org}}</ref> == Nkoka wa vukhongeri == ''Ficus thonningii'' yi tekiwa ngopfu tani hi nsinya wo kwetsima exikarhi ka tinxaka ta Agikuyu na Mount Kenya. Loko a khongelela mpfula, nkulu u endla gandzelo eka Ngai ( Xikwembu ) hi ku pfurhetela musi wa xinyimpfana lexi oxiweke, lexi nonisiweke ehenhla ka murhi, a rhamba Ngai ( Xikwembu ) leswaku a xika ehenhla ka mapapa leswaku a ta nkhuvo.<ref name="nyt1">{{Cite news |last=Dahir |first=Abdi Latif |date=11 November 2020 |title=In Kenya, a Cherished Fig Tree Gets a Reprieve |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/11/world/africa/kenya-fig-tree-nairobi-expressway.html |access-date=30 December 2020 |work=The New York Times}}</ref> ''Ficus thonningii'' yi tala ku pfilunganyeka na muzala wa yona ''Ficus natalensis'', leyi talaka kuva na matluka lawa ya anameke ehenhla ka le xikarhi lawa ya rhetaka ku ya ehansi. ''Ficus natalensis'' yi kumeka ngopfu e Western Kenya nale ribuweni ra lwandle ku hambana na ''Ficus thonningii'', leyi tolovelekeke eka ndzhawu ya Mount Kenya. Murhi wa Mũgumo lowu nga exifundzheni xa Ntshava ya Kenya wu xiximiwa swinene lerova, hi 2020, Presidente wa Kenya u humese xileriso lexi sirhelelaka ''Ficus thonningii'' leswaku yi nga tsundzukiwi hi nkarhi wa ku akiwa ka gondzo ra Nairobi Expressway. <ref>{{Cite web|title=The Rise of Mugumo Tree: Kenya's Giant Fig Tree Get's New Lease of Life|url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/thenairobian/features/2001413984/the-rise-of-mugumo-tree-kenyas-giant-fig-tree-gets-new-lease-of-life/|website=The Standard}}</ref> Murhi lowu wo karhi wu thyiwile vito ra xirhangiso wa murhi wa nkuwa wa Waiyaki Way. == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == 0xr5kbqcjbi1b637woqmulr6verat1q 2 5258 42756 36783 2026-09-29T14:35:26Z CommonsDelinker 60 Removing [[:c:File:Hamid-chabat-maire-de-fes.jpg|Hamid-chabat-maire-de-fes.jpg]], it has been deleted from Commons by [[:c:User:Yann|Yann]] because: [[:c:COM:L|Copyright violation]]: https://www.maroc-hebdo.com/article/chabat-justifie-ses-declarations-a-p 42756 wikitext text/x-wiki This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Member of the House of Representatives of Morocco who was a twice does not show twice. {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q21328583 } |section= |sort=P39/Q21328583/P580 |sort_order=desc |columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q21328583/P580:Start date,P39/Q21328583/P582:End date,P18:Image |thumb=128 |min_section=2 }} {| class='wikitable sortable' style='width:100%' !Article !description !Country !Start date !End date !Image |- | ''[[:d:Q41671395|Khalid El Boukarai]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q29270268|Rkia Derham]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q29225162|Nezha El Ouafi]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q22930822|Mohamed Moubdi]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | | | [[File:Mohamed Moubdi (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q20970905|Abdelaziz El Omari]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q20666274|Abdelhak Amghar]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q12183734|Abouzaid El Mokrie El Idrissi]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7675927|Taieb Ghafes]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4664901|Abderrafi Jouahri]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4664718|Abdel-Bari Zamzami]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3318522|Mohammed al-Habib al-Fourkani]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3318374|Mohamed Aujjar]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | | | [[File:Mohamed Aujar (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3195996|Khalid Alioua]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3067186|Fathallah Oualalou]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | | | [[File:Fathallah Oualaalou en un acto organizado por FAMSI en Córdoba.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3039498|Driss Lachgar]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | | | [[File:Driss-lachguar.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2837662|Allal al-Fassi]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | | | [[File:Allal El Fassi 1949.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2821238|Abderrahim Qanir]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q239993|Nawal El Moutawakel]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | | | [[File:Nawal El Moutawakel (cropped).JPG|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q206209|Salaheddine Mezouar]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | | | [[File:Mezouar c.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q92557502|Mostafa Chanaoui]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2016-10-14 | | [[File:مصطفى شناوي.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q64515069|Amina Faouzi Zizi]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2016-10-14 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q56304297|Nazha El Yazidi]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2016-10-14 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q56304161|Ibtissam Merras]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2016-10-14 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q56304115|Souad Boulaich El Hajraoui]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2016-10-14<br/>2011 | 2016 | |- | ''[[:d:Q50990149|Loubna Tahiri]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2016-10-14 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q50887084|Ghizlane Marzouki]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2016-10-14 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q50887070|Hakima Bel-Kassaoui]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2016-10-14 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q50887052|Mimouna Aftati]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2016-10-14 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q50825313|Aicha Lablak]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2016-10-14 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q50825311|Fatima-Ezzahra Nazih]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2016-10-14 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q50810077|Aicha Farih]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2016-10-14 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q50406908|Majda Benarbia]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2016-10-14 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q50378193|Hayat Bouffarrachen]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2016-10-14 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q50375237|Wiam Lamharchi]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2016-10-14 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q50366932|Touria Skalli]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2016-10-14 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q50365154|Zohour El Wahabi]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2016-10-14 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q50364860|Souad Zaidi]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2016-10-14 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q28716035|Mohamed Chrourou]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2016-10-14<br/>2007<br/>2011 | 2011<br/>2016-04-26 | [[File:محمد اشرورو.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q20961736|Omar Balafrej]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2016-10-14 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3328975|Mustapha Mansouri]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2016-10-14 | 2018-04-25 | |- | ''[[:d:Q2866705|Asma Chaabi]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2016-10-14 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q555376|Mohamed Ouzzine]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2016-10-14 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q65499406|Mohammed Mehdi Bensaid]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2011 | 2016 | |- | ''[[:d:Q60647937|Anas Doukkali]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2011 | 2014 | |- | ''[[:d:Q50364865|Khadija Rouissi]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2011 | 2016-10-07 | |- | ''[[:d:Q20851300|Fouad El Omari]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2011<br/>2016 | 2016 | |- | ''[[:d:Q12251549|Yassine Ahajjam]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2011 | 2016 | [[File:Yassine Ahajjam, rôle principal de Mia Derial, film de Fouad Souiba.JPG|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3571915|Yasmina Baddou]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2011 | 2016 | [[File:Yasmina Baddou.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3319000|Mohammed Ameur]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2011 | 2016 | |- | ''[[:d:Q2827656|Ahmed Chami]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2011 | 2016 | [[File:Ahmed Reda Chami - World Economic Forum on the Middle East 2010.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q939444|Fatima Tabaamrant]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2011 | 2016 | |- | ''[[:d:Q85202287|Ahmed Zaidi]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2007<br/>2011 | 2011<br/>2014 | |- | ''[[:d:Q52827075|Mohamed Laaraj]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2007<br/>2011 | 2011<br/>2016 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29268861|Fatna Lkhiyel]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2007<br/>2011 | 2011<br/>2016 | |- | ''[[:d:Q27962429|Faouzi Chaâbi]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2007 | 2011 | |- | ''[[:d:Q16537281|Chafik Rachadi]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2007<br/>2011 | 2011<br/>2016 | [[File:CHAMBRE DES REPRESENTANTS.JPG|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3344896|Noureddine Lazrek]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2007<br/>2011<br/>2016-10-14 | 2011<br/>2016 | |- | ''[[:d:Q3314458|Miloud Chaabi]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2007<br/>2011 | 2011<br/>2014-12 | [[File:Miloud Chaabi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3125332|Habib El Malki]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2007<br/>2011 | 2011<br/>2016 | [[File:OSCE PA President Christine Muttonen with President of the House of Representatives Lahbib El Malki, Rabat, 21 September 2017 (37320153026) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3079785|Fouad Ali El Himma]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2007 | 2011 | |- | ''[[:d:Q2821052|Hamid Chabat]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2007<br/>2011 | 2011<br/>2016 | |- | ''[[:d:Q1806963|Latifa Jbabdi]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2007 | 2011 | |- | ''[[:d:Q531452|Abdellah Baha]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 2007 | 2011 | [[File:Abde lah baha.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2033385|Saad-Eddine El Othmani]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 1997-11-14<br/>2007-09-07 | 2007-09-07 | [[File:Saadeddine Othmani no Brasil.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3318288|Mohamed Abbou]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 1997 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q2821014|Abdelfattah Sebbata]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 1997 | 2003 | [[File:ABDELFATAH SEBBATA.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q537610|Mohand Laenser]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 1993 | 2012 | [[File:L3ansar cr.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3318298|Mohamed Abied]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 1977 | | [[File:The 8 coalition (cropped 2).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2821217|Abdelwahed Radi]]'' | | [[Morokho|Morocco]] | 1963<br/>2007<br/>2011 | 2011<br/>2016 | [[File:Abdelwahed Radi - 2012 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |} {{Wikidata list end}} phh24je1qt55epce580ouylwwayqtie 0 5609 42942 39222 2026-09-30T10:28:24Z ~2026-51701-51 13009 /* */ 42942 wikitext text/x-wiki {{bold|Bangladesh}} i tiko ra [[Axiya]]. {{coord|23.8|90.3|display=title}} {{Infobox tiko | conventional_long_name = People's Republic of Bangladesh | common_name = Bangladesh | native_name = {{unbulleted list |{{nobold|{{native name|bn|গণপ্রজাতন্ত্রী বাংলাদেশ|italics=off}}}} |{{small|''Gônoprojatontri Bangladesh''}}}} | image_flag = Flag of Bangladesh.svg | image_coat = National emblem of Bangladesh.svg | symbol_type = Emblem | other_symbol = {{unbulleted list |[[File:Government Seal of Bangladesh.svg|90x90px|Seal of the Government of Bangladesh]]}} | other_symbol_type = {{vunblist |[[Government Seal of Bangladesh]]}} | national_anthem = {{native phrase|bn|"[[Amar Sonar Bangla]]"|italics=off}}<br />{{small|"My Golden Bengal"}}<br /> <br /><center>[[File:Amar Sonar Bangla - official vocal music of the National anthem of Bangladesh.ogg]]</center> ---- {{center|'''March:''' "[[Notuner Gaan]]"<br />{{small|"The Song of Youth"}}<ref name="national march">{{cite web|title=NATIONAL SYMBOLS→National march|work=Bangladesh Tourism Board|location=Bangladesh|publisher=Ministry of Civil Aviation & Tourism|url=http://visitbangladesh.gov.bd/about-bangladesh/national-symbol/|quote=In 13 January 1972, the ministry of Bangladesh has adopted this song as a national marching song on its first meeting after the country's independence.|access-date=8 August 2018|archive-date=28 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161228040953/http://visitbangladesh.gov.bd/about-bangladesh/national-symbol/|dead-url=yes}}</ref>}} | image_map = Bangladesh (orthographic projection).svg | image_map2 = Bangladesh - Location Map (2013) - BGD - UNOCHA.svg | map_width = 220px | capital = [[Dhaka]] | coordinates = {{Coord|23|42|N|90|21|E|type:city}} | largest_city = Dhaka | official_languages = [[Bengali language|Bengali]]<ref name="bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd">{{cite book|title=The Constitution of the People's Republic of Bangladesh|chapter=Article 3. The state language|url=http://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/sections_detail.php?id=367&sections_id=24550|website=bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd|publisher=Ministry of Law, The People's Republic of Bangladesh|accessdate=1 February 2017}}</ref> | religion = {{ublist |item_style=white-space:nowrap; |90.4% [[Islam]] {{small|(Official)}} 9.3[[Christianity]]% 0.6% [[Hindu]] |0.4% [[Buddhist]]}} | religion_year = 2011<ref name="বাংলাদেশ"/> | ethnic_groups = {{vunblist | 98% [[Bengalis]] | {{collapsible list |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;font-size:100%; |title= 2% minorities | [[Chakma people|Chakmas]] | [[Biharis in Bangladesh|Biharis]] | [[Marma people|Marmas]] | [[Santhal people|Santhals]] | [[Mro people|Mros]] | [[Tanchangya people|Tanchangyas]] | [[Bawm people|Bawms]] | [[Tripuri people|Tripuris]] | [[Khumi people|Khumis]] | [[Kuki people|Kukis]] | [[Garo people|Garos]] | [[Bisnupriya Manipuri people|Bisnupriya Manipuris]] | [[Indians in Bangladesh|Indians]] | [[Chinese people in Bangladesh|Chinese]] }} }} | ethnic_groups_year = 2011<ref name="বাংলাদেশকে জানুন">{{cite web |url=http://www.bangladesh.gov.bd/site/page/812d94a8-0376-4579-a8f1-a1f66fa5df5d/বাংলাদেশকে-জানুন |script-title=জানুন |language=bn |trans-title=Discover Bangladesh |publisher=National Web Portal of Bangladesh |accessdate=13 February 2015}}</ref> | demonym = [[Bangladeshi]] | government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Parliamentary system|parliamentary]] [[republic]] | leader_title1 = [[President of Bangladesh|President]] | leader_name1 = [[Abdul Hamid (politician)|Abdul Hamid]] | leader_title2 = [[Prime Minister of Bangladesh|Prime Minister]] | leader_name2 = [[Sheikh Hasina]] | leader_title3 = [[Speaker of the Jatiya Sangsad|House Speaker]] | leader_name3 = [[Shirin Sharmin Chaudhury|Shirin Chaudhury]] | leader_title4 = [[Chief Justice of Bangladesh|Chief Justice]] | leader_name4 = [[Syed Mahmud Hossain]] | legislature = [[Jatiya Sangsad]] | sovereignty_type = <div style="text-align: left;">[[History of Bangladesh|Formation]] and [[Bangladesh Liberation War|independence]]</div> | established_event1 = [[East Bengal]] | established_date1 = 14 August 1947 | established_event2 = [[East Pakistan]] | established_date2 = 14 October 1955 | established_event3 = [[Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence|Independence]] | established_date3 = 26 March 1971 | established_event4 = [[Victory day of Bangladesh|Recognized]] | established_date4 = 16 December 1971 | established_event5 = [[Constitution of Bangladesh|Constitution]] | established_date5 = 4 November 1972 | area_km2 = 147,570<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dghs.gov.bd/images/docs/Publicaations/HB%202016%20_2nd_edition_13_01_17.pdf |title=Health Bulletin 2016 |website=Directorate General of Health Services (DGHS) |page=13 |access-date=11 September 2017 |archive-date=13 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170613050056/http://dghs.gov.bd/images/docs/Publicaations/HB%202016%20_2nd_edition_13_01_17.pdf |dead-url=yes }}</ref> | area_rank = 92nd | area_sq_mi = 56,992.54 | percent_water = 6.4 | population_estimate = {{UN_Population|Bangladesh}}{{UN_Population|ref}} | population_census = 149,772,364<ref>[http://www.bbs.gov.bd/Home.aspx Data] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110904045106/http://www.bbs.gov.bd/Home.aspx |date=4 September 2011 }}. Census – Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.</ref> | population_estimate_year = {{UN_Population|Year}} | population_estimate_rank = 8th | population_census_year = 2011 | population_census_rank = 8th | population_density_km2 = 1,106 | population_density_sq_mi = 2,864.5 | population_density_rank = 10th | GDP_PPP = $751.949 billion<ref name="imf">{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=21&pr.y=6&sy=2016&ey=2023&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=513&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a= |title=Bangladesh|work=World Economic Outlook Database|publisher=[[IMF]] }}</ref> | GDP_PPP_year = 2018 | GDP_PPP_rank = 31st | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $4,561<ref name="imf"/> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 139th | GDP_nominal = $285.817 billion<ref name="imf"/> | GDP_nominal_year = 2018 | GDP_nominal_rank = 43rd | GDP_nominal_per_capita = $1,754<ref name="imf"/> | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 148th | Gini = 32.1 | Gini_year = 2010 | Gini_change = | Gini_ref = <ref name="wb-gini">{{cite web |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/ |title=Gini Index |publisher=[[World Bank]] |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150209003326/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI |archivedate=9 February 2015 |accessdate=2 March 2011 }}</ref> | Gini_rank = | HDI = 0.579 | HDI_year = 2015 | HDI_change = increase | HDI_ref = <ref name="HDI">{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2016_human_development_report.pdf |title=Human Development Report 2016 |date=2016 |accessdate=6 April 2017 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme }}</ref> | HDI_rank = {{ordinal|139}} | currency = [[Bangladeshi taka|Taka]] ({{lang|bn|৳}}) | currency_code = BDT | time_zone = [[Bangladesh Standard Time|BST]] | utc_offset = +6 | date_format = {{unbulleted list |dd-mm-yyyy |[[Bengali Era|BS]]&nbsp;{{lang|bn|দদ-মম-বববব}} {{small|([[Common Era|CE]]−594)}}}} | drives_on = [[Right- and left-hand traffic#Bangladesh|left]] | calling_code = [[Telephone numbers in Bangladesh|+880]] | cctld = [[.bd]]<br />{{lang|bn|[[.bangla|.বাংলা]]}} | official_website = {{URL|bangladesh.gov.bd}} | area_magnitude = | footnote = }} {{Axiya}} ==Mintsaho== {{reflist}} [[Category:Asia]] 09gohja1tins9bgtt14xeji7wt5p20l 0 6700 42929 37098 2026-09-30T10:11:08Z PookieM 12510 Created by translating the section "Description" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1369999270|Lemon]]" 42929 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Lamula.jpg|thumb|Lamula]] '''Lamula''' i muhandzu wa tinxaka tohambana hambana ta citrus. Muhandzu lowu wuna nantswo wo nandziha loko wuvupfile, kambe loko wunga si wupfa wa bava. Muxaka wun’wana na wun’wana wa lamula wuna kutlula 100% wa nhlayo ya wena leyi ringanyetiweke ya siku na siku ya vitamin C. Sweswo swi tlula mihandzu yin’wana na yin’wana ya citrus. Vitamin C leyi nga eka Lamula yi pfuna miri wa wena hi tindlela to tala Yi sirhelela tisele ta wena leswaku ti nga onhaki Swi pfuna miri wa wena ku endla collagen, ku nga protein leyi horisaka swilondza naswona yi ku nyika nhlonge yo olova. Swi endla leswaku swi olova ku tswonga iron ku lwisana na ku kayivela ka ngati Swi tlakusa masocha ya wena ya miri, ku tisirhelela ka miri wa wena eka switsongwatsongwana Swi pfuneta ku lwisana na Mavabyi lawa manga endlaka leswaku u khomiwa khensa. == Nhlamuselo == Murhi wa lamula wu humesa mihandzu yo tshwuka ya xirhendzevitana leyi nga ni tinhla . Hi tlhelo ra swimilana leyi i hesperidium, berry leyi cinciweke leyingana rind yo tiya, ya dzovo. xirhendzevutana lexi xi avanyisiwile hi leyara ya mavala ma le hansi, leyi nun’hwelaka hi mafurha ya nkoka, na leyara ya le ndzeni yo basa ya xiponci. Endzeni ka yona kuna ti carpels to tala leti hlengeletiweke tani hi swiphemu swa radial. Mbewu yikula endzeni ka ti khuwana. Ndhawu leyi nga endzeni ka xiphemu xin'wana ni xin'wana i ndhawu leyi talaka hi swirhumbana swa rimitsu . <ref name="Ortiz 2002">{{Cite book |last=Ortiz |first=Jesus M. |date=2002 |title=Citrus: The Genus ''Citrus'' |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OLaykfpqSaYC&dq=Citrus+genus&pg=PP1 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=978-0-2032-1661-3 |editor-last=Di Giacomo |editor-first=Angelo |pages=25–26, 29–30 |chapter=Botany: taxonomy, morphology and physiology of fruits, leaves and flowers <!--pp. 16–35 --> |editor-last2=Dugo |editor-first2=Giovanni}}</ref> Ma lamula ma na ti mihandzu yo tala, kukatsa na ti mitsu, terpenes na ti tannins . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rauf |first=Abdur |last2=Uddin |first2=Ghias |last3=Ali |first3=Jawad |year=2014 |title=Phytochemical analysis and radical scavenging profile of juices of ''Citrus sinensis'', ''Citrus aurantifolia'', and ''Citrus limonum'' |journal=Org Med Chem Lett |volume=4 |page=5 |doi=10.1186/2191-2858-4-5 |pmc=4091952 |pmid=25024932 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Juzi ya tona yina esidi yotala nyana kutlula juzi ya lime (kwalomu ka 47&nbsp;g/L), kwalomu ka kambirhi ku tlula juzi ya ma grepisi, naswona kwalomu ka ntlhanu wa tiphesente ku tlula juzi ya orenji . <ref name="Penniston">{{Cite journal |last=Penniston |first=Kristina L. |last2=Nakada |first2=Stephen Y. |last3=Holmes |first3=Ross P. |last4=Assimos |first4=Dean G. |year=2008 |title=Quantitative Assessment of Citric Acid in Lemon Juice, Lime Juice, and Commercially-Available Fruit Juice Products |journal=Journal of Endourology |publisher=[[Mary Ann Liebert]] |volume=22 |issue=3 |pages=567–570 |doi=10.1089/end.2007.0304 |pmc=2637791 |pmid=18290732 |doi-access=free}}</ref>   ifisprpufmrupygjc5ily5tgo1y4z3c 2 7525 42776 39909 2026-09-29T16:58:46Z Ndzhaka23 12466 ni endle ti dirafiti to suka ka 4 ku fika ka 7 42776 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra Minah i Ndzhaka23 [[User:Ndzhaka23/Draft1|Dirafit1]] *[[User:Ndzhaka23/Draft2|Dirafit2]] *[[User:Ndzhaka23/Draft3|dirafit3]] *Dirafiti 4 *Dirafiti 5 *Dirafiti 6 *Dirafiti 7 59m3lk4hixez6p3t4fb52sq5alzjotq 42777 42776 2026-09-29T17:00:57Z Ndzhaka23 12466 ni hoxe linki ka tidirafiti 42777 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra Minah i Ndzhaka23 [[User:Ndzhaka23/Draft1|Dirafit1]] *[[User:Ndzhaka23/Draft2|Dirafit2]] *[[User:Ndzhaka23/Draft3|dirafit3]] [[*Dirafiti 4]] [[*Dirafiti 5]] [[*Dirafiti 6]] [[*Dirafiti 7]] bbtj3jcamcsixt09q79r0zibcp0qq66 2 7531 42732 42691 2026-09-29T12:15:42Z Kataliya23 12473 ku tsala dirafiti 42732 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Kataliya [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 1|Dirafiti 1]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 2|Dirafiti 2]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 3|Dirafiti 3]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 4|Dirafiti 4]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 5|Dirafiti 5]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 6|Dirafiti 6]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 7|Dirafiti 7]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 8|Dirafiti 8]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 9|Dirafiti 9]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 10|Dirafiti 10]] .[[User:Kataliya23/|Dirafiti 11]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 12|Dirafiti 12]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 13|Dirafiti 13]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 14|Dirafiti 14]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 15|Dirafiti 15]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 16|Dirafiti 16]] .Dirafiti 17 9j33yy8cfofkhbtmfaxkipimogmply1 42733 42732 2026-09-29T12:16:14Z Kataliya23 12473 Ku chela liki. 42733 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Kataliya [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 1|Dirafiti 1]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 2|Dirafiti 2]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 3|Dirafiti 3]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 4|Dirafiti 4]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 5|Dirafiti 5]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 6|Dirafiti 6]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 7|Dirafiti 7]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 8|Dirafiti 8]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 9|Dirafiti 9]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 10|Dirafiti 10]] .[[User:Kataliya23/|Dirafiti 11]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 12|Dirafiti 12]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 13|Dirafiti 13]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 14|Dirafiti 14]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 15|Dirafiti 15]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 16|Dirafiti 16]] .[[User:Kataliya23/|Dirafiti 17]] pusrf9ktr8zu420kbn3glwnybz8id1o 42734 42733 2026-09-29T12:17:51Z Kataliya23 12473 42734 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Kataliya [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 1|Dirafiti 1]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 2|Dirafiti 2]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 3|Dirafiti 3]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 4|Dirafiti 4]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 5|Dirafiti 5]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 6|Dirafiti 6]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 7|Dirafiti 7]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 8|Dirafiti 8]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 9|Dirafiti 9]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 10|Dirafiti 10]] .[[User:Kataliya23/|Dirafiti 11]] . [[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 12|Dirafiti 12]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 13|Dirafiti 13]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 14|Dirafiti 14]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 15|Dirafiti 15]] .[[User:Kataliya23/Dirafiti 16|Dirafiti 16]] 106a8gcts2qwvd2hmb9td3190xfg6jd 0 7563 42748 40991 2026-09-29T13:52:28Z ZandileSihle 12472 Leyi i dirafiti ya mina 42748 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Legs-and-heels.jpg|thumb|Xifaniso xa Milenge]] Leyi i dirafiti ya mina ya vumbirhi No.2. MILENGE Milenge i xirho xa nkoka swinene emirini wa munhu hikuva yi pfuna ku seketela miri hinkwawo ni ku endla leswaku munhu a kota ku famba, ku yima ni ku tirha mitirho ya siku na siku. Milenge yi sungula eswikun’wini ku ya fika emakondzweni, naswona yi vumbiwa hi marhambu, misiha, maligamente, mitendoni ni mitsinga ya ngati leswi tirhisanaka ku endla ntirho wun’we. Marhambu ya kona ma tiya swinene leswaku ma kota ku rhwala ntiko wa miri hinkwawo, kasi misiha yona yi pfuna ku endla ku famba-famba hi ku konyela ni ku olovisa marhambu.leswi hlanganisaka marhambu, swo tanihi matsolo ni swikunwana swa minkondzo, swi endla leswaku munhu a kota ku goba, ku tshamisela ni ku cinca ndlela loko a famba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Leg Muscles: Anatomy and Function |url=https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/22220-leg-muscles |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260118145412/https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/22220-leg-muscles |archive-date=2026-01-18 |access-date=2026-02-25 |website=Cleveland Clinic |language=en |dead-url=no }}</ref> Handle ka ku seketela ni ku pfuna eka ku famba, milenge yi tlhela yi endla mintirho yin’wana ya nkoka swinene emirini. Loko munhu a tsutsuma kumbe a tlula, milenge yi amukela ku tika loku taka hi ku ba ehansi, kutani yi pfuna ku sirhelela nkolo ni swirho swa le ndzeni leswaku swi nga vaviseki. Misiha ya milenge yi tlhela yi pfuna ku fambisa ngati leswaku yi tlhelela e mbilwini, hikuva loko yi konyela yi tshikelela mitsinga ya ngati kutani yi pfuna ku khandziyisa ngati ku lwa ni matimba ya ntumbuluko. Leswi swi pfuna ku sivela ku ruruha ka milenge ni ku antswisa rihanyo ra miri hinkwawo. Hikwalaho, ku hlayisa milenge swi na nkoka swinene, naswona munhu u fanele ku endla vutiolori, ku dya swakudya leswi hanyeke kahle ni ku papalata ku tshama nkarhi wo leha a nga fambafambi. Milenge leyi hanyeke kahle yi endla leswaku munhu a kota ku hanya vutomi lebyi tirhaka, lebyi tiyeke ni lebyi tsakisaka. https://teachmeanatomy.info/lower-limb/ == TIBUKU LETI TIRHISIWEKE == <references /> <references /> d633d10hzg3oshn41lyhp58cfzpg6mz 2 7612 42762 42716 2026-09-29T15:40:38Z NwaMasingita 12492 i added a draft 42762 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i NwaMasingita [[User:NwaMasingita/Draft 1|Draft 1]] [[User:NwaMasingita/Draft 2|Draft 2]] [[Draft3]] spfptdavwip3sjd6pgyx9q5jyo80ocn 42773 42762 2026-09-29T16:49:02Z NwaMasingita 12492 i added a link 42773 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i NwaMasingita [[User:NwaMasingita/Draft 1|Draft 1]] [[User:NwaMasingita/Draft 2|Draft 2]] [[Draft3]] [[Ribye|Draft 4]] sdredv7dyjlervl7ec7q70ahcjrz8pi 42778 42773 2026-09-29T17:06:53Z NwaMasingita 12492 i added a topic 42778 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i NwaMasingita [[User:NwaMasingita/Draft 1|Draft 1]] [[User:NwaMasingita/Draft 2|Draft 2]] [[Draft3]] [[Ribye|Draft 4]] [[Xibedlele xa Elim|Draft 5]] 3ky6vodl5b964l8qh547dbv3mwlv0a8 42815 42778 2026-09-29T18:54:30Z NwaMasingita 12492 i added a topic 42815 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i NwaMasingita [[User:NwaMasingita/Draft 1|Draft 1]] [[User:NwaMasingita/Draft 2|Draft 2]] [[Draft3]] [[Ribye|Draft 4]] [[Xibedlele xa Elim|Draft 5]] [[Xikolo xa Zava High School|Draft 6]] myt1n60t04us3hoo1x0glrrezux9r0l 42860 42815 2026-09-30T07:24:55Z NwaMasingita 12492 ni add draft 42860 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i NwaMasingita [[User:NwaMasingita/Draft 1|Draft 1]] [[User:NwaMasingita/Draft 2|Draft 2]] [[Draft3]] [[Ribye|Draft 4]] [[Xibedlele xa Elim|Draft 5]] [[Xikolo xa Zava High School|Draft 6]] [[Draft 7]] sg2du2omzsddacd1lhhrx1k98rucfnd 42863 42860 2026-09-30T07:34:41Z NwaMasingita 12492 ni lunghise draft 42863 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i NwaMasingita [[User:NwaMasingita/Draft 1|Draft 1]] [[User:NwaMasingita/Draft 2|Draft 2]] [[Draft3]] [[Ribye|Draft 4]] [[Xibedlele xa Elim|Draft 5]] [[Xikolo xa Zava High School|Draft 6]] [[Draft 120]] svkm90ejdun18awx9ril7f0dhqvkohk 42868 42863 2026-09-30T07:54:42Z NwaMasingita 12492 ndzi endlile draft 42868 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i NwaMasingita [[User:NwaMasingita/Draft 1|Draft 1]] [[User:NwaMasingita/Draft 2|Draft 2]] [[Draft3]] [[Ribye|Draft 4]] [[Xibedlele xa Elim|Draft 5]] [[Xikolo xa Zava High School|Draft 6]] [[Draft 120]] [[Draft 115]] 3ab9x4dw7lletmjsow6rs5quhi2lx00 2 7614 42822 42312 2026-09-29T19:28:00Z Zeeluna 12489 42822 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Zeeluna [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 1|Draft 1]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 2|Draft 2]] *[[User:Zeeluna/Draft 3|Draft 3]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 4|Draft 4]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 5|Draft 5]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 6|Draft 6]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 7|Draft 7]] *[[User:Zeeluna/Draft 8|Draft 8]]<blockquote><nowiki>*</nowiki>[[User:Zeeluna/Draft 9|Draft 9]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 10|Draft 10]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 11|Draft 11]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 12|Draft 12]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 13|Draft 13]] </blockquote> drlh3jrj6wnxsuco6m6ah1aucyul1s3 42836 42822 2026-09-29T21:48:18Z Zeeluna 12489 42836 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Zeeluna [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 1|Draft 1]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 2|Draft 2]] *[[User:Zeeluna/Draft 3|Draft 3]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 4|Draft 4]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 5|Draft 5]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 6|Draft 6]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 7|Draft 7]] *[[User:Zeeluna/Draft 8|Draft 8]]<blockquote><nowiki>*</nowiki>[[User:Zeeluna/Draft 9|Draft 9]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 10|Draft 10]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 11|Draft 11]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 12|Draft 12]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 13|Draft 13]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 14|Draft 14]] </blockquote> iwl79k6mnsvx504trdcxn2bij0ynles 42838 42836 2026-09-29T22:03:51Z Zeeluna 12489 42838 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Zeeluna [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 1|Draft 1]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 2|Draft 2]] *[[User:Zeeluna/Draft 3|Draft 3]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 4|Draft 4]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 5|Draft 5]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 6|Draft 6]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 7|Draft 7]] *[[User:Zeeluna/Draft 8|Draft 8]]<blockquote><nowiki>*</nowiki>[[User:Zeeluna/Draft 9|Draft 9]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 10|Draft 10]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 11|Draft 11]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 12|Draft 12]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 13|Draft 13]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 14|Draft 14]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 15|Draft 15]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 16|Draft 16]] * [[User:Zeeluna/Draft 17|Draft 17]] </blockquote> ssjerfnz0vx8zrjxc0tl79ij78jjw2v 2 7617 42871 40241 2026-09-30T08:00:21Z BennyPres 12499 42871 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i BennyPres [[User:BennyPres/Draft 1|Draft 1]] [[User:BennyPres/Draft 2|Draft 2]] [[User:BennyPres/draft 3|Draft 3]] [[User:BennyPres/draft 4|Draft 4]] [[User:BennyPres/Draft 5|Draft 5]] [[User:BennyPres/Draft 6|Draft 6]] [[User:BennyPres/ Draft7|Draft 7]] dijycsrwtb2j18lcoptu7powmy2sd7n 2 7700 42755 40934 2026-09-29T14:34:10Z VanBestern 12517 42755 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i VanBestern [[User:VanBestern/Daft 1|Draft 1]] - [[User:VanBestern/Draft 2|Draft 2]] [[Bikirhi|Daft 3]] jhzanx8z0jvofwfn3mro38lzygvepvm 42769 42755 2026-09-29T16:29:59Z VanBestern 12517 Ndzi humelerise atikili ya Petirolo 42769 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i VanBestern [[User:VanBestern/Daft 1|Draft 1]] - [[User:VanBestern/Draft 2|Draft 2]] [[Bikirhi|Daft 3]] - [[Petirolo|Draft 4]] rfk1adpvtxgiymerbcwyhy47vrfcdy6 42772 42769 2026-09-29T16:48:49Z VanBestern 12517 42772 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i VanBestern [[User:VanBestern/Daft 1|Draft 1]] - [[User:VanBestern/Draft 2|Draft 2]] [[Bikirhi|Daft 3]] - [[Petirolo|Draft 4]] [[Xikamu|Draft 5]] tlmxn6bpv0jfxt91vjaou88uccs0qkl 2 7704 42861 40643 2026-09-30T07:29:05Z Scotch Neverdie 12518 Ndzi tumbuluxe papila ra draft 3 42861 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Scotch Neverdie [[User:Scotch Neverdie/Draft 1|draft 1]] - [[User:Scotch Neverdie/Draft 2|draft 2]] draft 3 79n55dqzfaise171s212au8kxo09oc1 42862 42861 2026-09-30T07:31:02Z Scotch Neverdie 12518 42862 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Scotch Neverdie [[User:Scotch Neverdie/Draft 1|draft 1]] - [[User:Scotch Neverdie/Draft 2|draft 2]] [[Draft 3 xikaka|draft 3]] cs9wg0x9tt54qq9q0cb2j6g3y2qwfwt 42870 42862 2026-09-30T07:57:27Z Scotch Neverdie 12518 42870 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Scotch Neverdie [[User:Scotch Neverdie/Draft 1|draft 1]] - [[User:Scotch Neverdie/Draft 2|draft 2]] [[Draft 3 xikaka|draft 3]] [[Draft 4v|draft 4]] nwjyjxmxjtondq3xuxrhuxi12xag0si 42881 42870 2026-09-30T08:25:11Z Scotch Neverdie 12518 42881 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Scotch Neverdie [[User:Scotch Neverdie/Draft 1|draft 1]] - [[User:Scotch Neverdie/Draft 2|draft 2]] [[Draft 3 xikaka|draft 3]] [[Draft 4v|draft 4]] [[Draft 5 yingwe|draft 5]] 1c3vblalutl87vsnhbd5gye4pc9izsx 42894 42881 2026-09-30T08:50:27Z Scotch Neverdie 12518 42894 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Scotch Neverdie [[User:Scotch Neverdie/Draft 1|draft 1]] - [[User:Scotch Neverdie/Draft 2|draft 2]] [[Draft 3 xikaka|draft 3]] [[Draft 4v|draft 4]] [[Draft 5 yingwe|draft 5]] [[Draft 6 xibodze|draft 6]] q4uoldmj3k3j70pgdy5nnuzyamejgdl 42898 42894 2026-09-30T09:06:14Z Scotch Neverdie 12518 42898 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Scotch Neverdie [[User:Scotch Neverdie/Draft 1|draft 1]] - [[User:Scotch Neverdie/Draft 2|draft 2]] [[Draft 3 xikaka|draft 3]] - [[Draft 4v|draft 4]] [[Draft 5 yingwe|draft 5]] - [[Draft 6 xibodze|draft 6]] [[Draft 7 ndlopfu|draft 7]] 6rhu3d9l7az7jwdyypusppibkzjh179 42905 42898 2026-09-30T09:16:46Z Scotch Neverdie 12518 42905 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Scotch Neverdie [[User:Scotch Neverdie/Draft 1|draft 1]] - [[User:Scotch Neverdie/Draft 2|draft 2]] [[Draft 3 xikaka|draft 3]] - [[Draft 4v|draft 4]] [[Draft 5 yingwe|draft 5]] - [[Draft 6 xibodze|draft 6]] [[Draft 7 ndlopfu|draft 7]] - [[Draft 8 tuva|draft 8]] c9nby6liialic4s9cksazq98fznz5z3 42910 42905 2026-09-30T09:32:03Z Scotch Neverdie 12518 42910 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Scotch Neverdie [[User:Scotch Neverdie/Draft 1|draft 1]] - [[User:Scotch Neverdie/Draft 2|draft 2]] [[Draft 3 xikaka|draft 3]] - [[Draft 4v|draft 4]] [[Draft 5 yingwe|draft 5]] - [[Draft 6 xibodze|draft 6]] [[Draft 7 ndlopfu|draft 7]] - [[Draft 8 tuva|draft 8]] [[Draft 9 ndhambi|draft 9]] 98836xb9x4jqu8l77uyloa782fllfsy 42916 42910 2026-09-30T09:45:42Z Scotch Neverdie 12518 42916 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Scotch Neverdie [[User:Scotch Neverdie/Draft 1|draft 1]] - [[User:Scotch Neverdie/Draft 2|draft 2]] [[Draft 3 xikaka|draft 3]] - [[Draft 4v|draft 4]] [[Draft 5 yingwe|draft 5]] - [[Draft 6 xibodze|draft 6]] [[Draft 7 ndlopfu|draft 7]] - [[Draft 8 tuva|draft 8]] [[Draft 9 ndhambi|draft 9]] - [[Draft 10 xibejwana|draft 10]] 2aa66waasrkjkgiomb6h72tuy6cl3cs 42922 42916 2026-09-30T09:58:53Z Scotch Neverdie 12518 42922 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Scotch Neverdie [[User:Scotch Neverdie/Draft 1|draft 1]] - [[User:Scotch Neverdie/Draft 2|draft 2]] [[Draft 3 xikaka|draft 3]] - [[Draft 4v|draft 4]] [[Draft 5 yingwe|draft 5]] - [[Draft 6 xibodze|draft 6]] [[Draft 7 ndlopfu|draft 7]] - [[Draft 8 tuva|draft 8]] [[Draft 9 ndhambi|draft 9]] - [[Draft 10 xibejwana|draft 10]] [[Draft 11 xivatlakombe|draft 11]] eboft7g2rwotklbg438h1mwx0ot1icv 42927 42922 2026-09-30T10:10:15Z Scotch Neverdie 12518 42927 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Scotch Neverdie [[User:Scotch Neverdie/Draft 1|draft 1]] - [[User:Scotch Neverdie/Draft 2|draft 2]] [[Draft 3 xikaka|draft 3]] - [[Draft 4v|draft 4]] [[Draft 5 yingwe|draft 5]] - [[Draft 6 xibodze|draft 6]] [[Draft 7 ndlopfu|draft 7]] - [[Draft 8 tuva|draft 8]] [[Draft 9 ndhambi|draft 9]] - [[Draft 10 xibejwana|draft 10]] [[Draft 11 xivatlakombe|draft 11]] - [[Draft 12 mpfundla|draft 12]] ac3jbx70iiyo51zmz3c2xf8w4e8sg7y 42941 42927 2026-09-30T10:26:54Z Scotch Neverdie 12518 42941 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Scotch Neverdie [[User:Scotch Neverdie/Draft 1|draft 1]] - [[User:Scotch Neverdie/Draft 2|draft 2]] [[Draft 3 xikaka|draft 3]] - [[Draft 4v|draft 4]] [[Draft 5 yingwe|draft 5]] - [[Draft 6 xibodze|draft 6]] [[Draft 7 ndlopfu|draft 7]] - [[Draft 8 tuva|draft 8]] [[Draft 9 ndhambi|draft 9]] - [[Draft 10 xibejwana|draft 10]] [[Draft 11 xivatlakombe|draft 11]] - [[Draft 12 mpfundla|draft 12]] [[Draft 13 nkuzi|draft 13]] 1nnidiw1pcmxr4ca1g2htag9mh8s4wq 42948 42941 2026-09-30T10:49:32Z Scotch Neverdie 12518 42948 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i Scotch Neverdie [[User:Scotch Neverdie/Draft 1|draft 1]] - [[User:Scotch Neverdie/Draft 2|draft 2]] [[Draft 3 xikaka|draft 3]] - [[Draft 4v|draft 4]] [[Draft 5 yingwe|draft 5]] - [[Draft 6 xibodze|draft 6]] [[Draft 7 ndlopfu|draft 7]] - [[Draft 8 tuva|draft 8]] [[Draft 9 ndhambi|draft 9]] - [[Draft 10 xibejwana|draft 10]] [[Draft 11 xivatlakombe|draft 11]] - [[Draft 12 mpfundla|draft 12]] [[Draft 13 nkuzi|draft 13]] - [[Draft 14 makumbankule|draft 14]] q2hwuxo0yq4q6j0n7dxmrtb0osf1i2w 2 7713 42825 42702 2026-09-29T19:54:39Z SHAMAIN22 12526 Ndzi paluxepapila ra mina 42825 wikitext text/x-wiki VITO RA MINA I SHAMAIN [[User:SHAMAIN22/Draft 1|Draft 1]] [[User:SHAMAIN22/Draft 2|Draft 2]] [[User:SHAMAIN22/Draft 3|Draft 3]] [[User:SHAMAIN22/Draft 4|Draft 4]] [[User:SHAMAIN22/Draft 5|Draft 5]] [[User:SHAMAIN22/Draft 6|Draft 6]] [[User:SHAMAIN22/Draft 7|Draft 7]] 0i4j494od23u6l23dyg1zvgo77w8rop 2 7718 42787 40657 2026-09-29T17:32:17Z PhumlaniMabasa 12525 Ndzi tumbuluxe nhlokomhaka 42787 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i PhumlaniMabasa [[User:PhumlaniMabasa/Draft 1|Draft 1]] - [[User:PhumlaniMabasa/Draft 2|Draft 2]] - [[Vulombe|Draft 3]] pwb0zo2uufn16a2igdbm8fyqux9yw6d 42887 42787 2026-09-30T08:35:10Z PhumlaniMabasa 12525 Added draft 4 42887 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i PhumlaniMabasa [[User:PhumlaniMabasa/Draft 1|Draft 1]] - [[User:PhumlaniMabasa/Draft 2|Draft 2]] - [[Vulombe|Draft 3]] - [[Draft 4]] gg0ddmwzazqi8orvro7bfl6apfa86w3 42889 42887 2026-09-30T08:38:07Z PhumlaniMabasa 12525 42889 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i PhumlaniMabasa [[User:PhumlaniMabasa/Draft 1|Draft 1]] - [[User:PhumlaniMabasa/Draft 2|Draft 2]] - [[Vulombe|Draft 3]] pwb0zo2uufn16a2igdbm8fyqux9yw6d 42890 42889 2026-09-30T08:42:01Z PhumlaniMabasa 12525 Ndzi tumbuluxe nhlokomhaka 42890 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i PhumlaniMabasa [[User:PhumlaniMabasa/Draft 1|Draft 1]] - [[User:PhumlaniMabasa/Draft 2|Draft 2]] - [[Vulombe|Draft 3]] - [[Xidzidziharhi-Nhovolo|Draft 4]] nfpgjnh2r9emq1k81w09svjpprr82og 42937 42890 2026-09-30T10:18:46Z PhumlaniMabasa 12525 Ndzi tumbuluxe nhlokomhaka 42937 wikitext text/x-wiki Vito ra mina i PhumlaniMabasa [[User:PhumlaniMabasa/Draft 1|Draft 1]] - [[User:PhumlaniMabasa/Draft 2|Draft 2]] - [[Vulombe|Draft 3]] - [[Xidzidziharhi-Nhovolo|Draft 4]] - [[N'wachu-Hanci|Draft 5]] ml1aozw9ts0xmab1t2d5blgomcxuicu 0 7819 42730 41189 2026-09-29T12:05:23Z Kataliya23 12473 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355628335|Mountain]]" 42730 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ntshava''' i xiphemu lexi tlakukeke xa vuandlalo bya pulanete, hi ntolovelo xina matlhelo lama nga ni swiganga lama kombisaka ribye lerikulu leri nga erivaleni . Hambileswi ku nga riki na tinhlamuselo leti amukeriwaka hinkwako-nkwako, hi ntolovelo ntshava yi tekiwa yi ri leyi tlakukeke ku tlula xitsunga. Hi nhlamuselo, tintshava titala ku ehleketiwa tani hi xivumbeko xa misava lexi tlakukeke kutlula {{Convert|2000|ft|m|0}} . Yi nga va na ndlhawu leyi pimiweke leyi nga nyawuriku ya nhlohlorhi kumbe ku va yiri plateau leyintsongo leyingana vukulu byale henhla na matlhelo lawa yanga na swiganga. Tintshava ti nga ri tingani i tinhlohlorhi leti nga toxe, kambe to tala ti kumeka eka tintshava. <ref name="agi-1997">{{Cite book |year=1997 |title=Glossary of Geology |publisher=[[American Geological Institute]] |isbn=0922152349 |editor-last=Jackson |editor-first=Julia A. |edition=4th |location=Alexandria, VA |chapter=Mountain}}</ref>  9qmug12ewiwhq9omx2w2tq3xvhsin2b 0 8009 42833 42041 2026-09-29T21:14:19Z Zeeluna 12489 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1376183820|Lebone Seema]]" 42833 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lebone Seema''' (loyi a velekiweke hi siku ra vutlhanu hi n'hweti ya Dzivamisoko hi lembe ra 2003) i mutlangi wa bolo ya milenge wa xiphurofexinali wa Afrika Dzonga loyi a tlangaka tanihi mudzaberi wa le xikarhi eka xipano xa Premiership xa Afrika Dzonga xa [[Orlando Pirates FC|Orlando Pirates]]. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Lebone Seema|url=https://www.orlandopiratesfc.com/team/lebone-seema/|accessdate=6 September 2026|website=Orlando Pirates FC}}</ref> Seema u velekiwile hi siku ra vutlhanu ra n'hweti ya Dzivamisoko hi lembe ra 2003. <ref name="auto">{{Cite web|title=Lebone Seema|url=https://www.orlandopiratesfc.com/team/lebone-seema/|accessdate=6 September 2026|website=Orlando Pirates FC}}</ref> U velekiwile endyangwini wa bolo ya milenge eRheinland Village, leyi tlhelaka yi tiviwa tani hi Shakoleng, kwalomu ka 75 wa tikhilomitara en'walungu vupela dyambu bya Polokwane eLimpopo. Tata wa yena Matome ‘Sisco’ Seema u tlangile tanihi mutlangi wa le xikarhi eka xipano xa laha kaya xa Hungry Tigers FC. <ref>{{Cite news |date=9 February 2025 |title=How Pirates' emerging star Lebone Seema has football running through his veins |url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/sunday-times-daily/sport/2025-02-09-how-pirates-emerging-star-lebone-seema-has-football-running-through-his-veins/ |access-date=6 September 2026 |work=Sunday Times}}</ref> Seema u yimele TS Galaxy eka DStv Diski Challenge emahlweni ka ku tlakusiwa ka yena eka xipano xo sungula eka nguva ya 2022/23. U tlangile ku tlula makumbembirhi wa mitlangu ku ya ehenhla loko a nga se hambana na xipano xa le Mpumalanga. <ref name="auto" /> Mudzaberi wa le xikarhi loyi a nga na vuswikoti u joyinile Pirates eka ku rhangela nguva ya 2025/26. <ref name="auto" /> Eka Buccaneers, Seema u endlile nhlohlotelo wa xihatla tanihi leswi a hatlisaka a lerisa ndzhawu yo sungula, a chipa hi magoza ya nkoka lawa ya tikombiseke ya ri ya nkoka eka ku hlongorisa swidlodlo swa xipano. <ref name="auto" /> U kumile sagwati ra xidlodlo xa Betway Premiership’s Defender of the Season, a hlanganisa pfhumba ro hlamarisa ro pfuleka. <ref name="auto" /> Seema a ri xiphemu xo sirhelela lexi hlayiseke ticlean sheets eka mahelo ya khapu ya laha kaya eka nguva ya 2025/26. <ref name="auto" /> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == * {{Cite web|title=Lebone Seema|url=https://www.orlandopiratesfc.com/team/lebone-seema/|accessdate=6 September 2026|website=Orlando Pirates FC}} * {{Cite news |date=9 February 2025 |title=How Pirates' emerging star Lebone Seema has football running through his veins |url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/sunday-times-daily/sport/2025-02-09-how-pirates-emerging-star-lebone-seema-has-football-running-through-his-veins/ |access-date=6 September 2026 |work=Sunday Times}} * {{Cite web|title=Lebone Seema - stats, career and market value|url=https://www.fotmob.com/players/1k4f3j/lebone-seema|accessdate=6 September 2026|website=FotMob}} [[Category:Living people]] kkz4zfyhpjhx6yep9daa2mki3om3tgc 0 8053 42761 42219 2026-09-29T15:37:51Z NwaMasingita 12492 42761 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ribye''' i swilo leswi tiyeke swa ntumbuluko leswi vumbiwaka hi minerali yin'we kumbe ku hundza. Ma vumbiwa hi maendlelo ya ntumbuluko ya swa misava eka nkarhi wo leha swinene. Ribye i xinw'ana xa swilo swa khale swinene leswi vanhu va swi tirhiseke ku aka , ku endla switirhisiwa, swifaniso na switsundzuxo.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Winkler |first=E.M |year=1997 |title=Stonr in Architecture:Properties, Durability |edition=3rd}}</ref> '''Ribye ri vumbisiwa ku yini?''' Maribye yo tala ya ntumbuluko ya ya avanyisiwa hi swiyenge swinharhu leswikulu: * Maribye ya [[Igneous]]- ma vumbiwa loko magma kumbe lava leyi hisaka yi hola yi tlhela yi tiya. Xikombiso i [[granite na basalt]] * Maribye ya [[Sedimentary]]- ma vumbiwa hi swilo leswi hlengeletanaka swo fana na misava, sava kumbe swiphemu swa maribye leswi tshamaka swi hlanganile naswona swi tiya hi ku famba ka nkarhi. Swikombiso i [[sandstone]] na [[limestone]]. * Maribye ya Metamorphic- ma vumbiwa loko ribye leri a ri ri kona ri cinca xivumbeko hi mhaka yaku hisa swinene, ntshikelelo kumbe ku cinca ka swilo swa tikhemikhali. Swikombiso i [[marble]] na [[slate]]. Maendlelo lawa ma hlanganile eka leswi vitaniwaka rock cycle laha maribye ma nga cincaka ku suka eka muxaka wun'we ku ya eka wun'wana hi ku famba ka nkarhi.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Siegesmud S & Snethlage R |year=2014 |title=Stone in Architecture:Properties, Durability |edition=5th}}</ref> [[File:Hampi, India, Rocky landscape of Hampi, Granite rocks of Matanga Hill.jpg|thumb|Maribye ya granite]] '''Muxaka wa maribye ya ntumbuluko.''' {| class="wikitable" |+ !Ribye !Muxaka !Matirhiselo ya rona |- |Granite |Igneous |Swirhapa, miako na switsundzuxo |- |Marble |Metamorphic |Swirhapa, swifaniso, miako ni switsundzuxo |- |Limestone |Sedimentary |Ku endla cement, miako ni ndlela |} Nkoka wa ribye Ribye i ra nkoka hikuva hi ntolovelo ri tiyile, ri hlawulekile naswona ri kumeka hi ntumbuluko. Maribye man'wana ma nga kota ku hanya madzana kumbe magidi ya malembe loko mahlawuriwile kahle naswona ma hlayisiwa. Hambiswiritano ku cela ribye emigodini ku ri fambisa ni ku ri lulamisa swi nga va ni mbuyelo eka mbango. Hikokwalaho i swa nkoka ku tekela enhlokweni laha ribye ri humaka kona ni ndlela leyi ri humesiwaka ni ku tirhisiwa ha yona.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Langer |first=W.H. |year=2001 |title=Dimension Stone}}</ref> [[File:Giant Marbles in Joshua Tree National Park.jpg|thumb|I xifanisa le xi kombisaka maribye ya [[marble]]]]'''Swikombo''' <references />{{DEFAULTSORT:Ribye}} [[Category:Ribye]] [[Category:Ntumbuluko]] 2lm7m8s3uv5ptlfdcca6079yvicyq7s 42763 42761 2026-09-29T15:44:07Z NwaMasingita 12492 i added a category 42763 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ribye''' i swilo leswi tiyeke swa ntumbuluko leswi vumbiwaka hi minerali yin'we kumbe ku hundza. Ma vumbiwa hi maendlelo ya ntumbuluko ya swa misava eka nkarhi wo leha swinene. Ribye i xinw'ana xa swilo swa khale swinene leswi vanhu va swi tirhiseke ku aka , ku endla switirhisiwa, swifaniso na switsundzuxo.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Winkler |first=E.M |year=1997 |title=Stonr in Architecture:Properties, Durability |edition=3rd}}</ref> '''Ribye ri vumbisiwa ku yini?''' Maribye yo tala ya ntumbuluko ya ya avanyisiwa hi swiyenge swinharhu leswikulu: * Maribye ya [[Igneous]]- ma vumbiwa loko magma kumbe lava leyi hisaka yi hola yi tlhela yi tiya. Xikombiso i [[granite na basalt]] * Maribye ya [[Sedimentary]]- ma vumbiwa hi swilo leswi hlengeletanaka swo fana na misava, sava kumbe swiphemu swa maribye leswi tshamaka swi hlanganile naswona swi tiya hi ku famba ka nkarhi. Swikombiso i [[sandstone]] na [[limestone]]. * Maribye ya Metamorphic- ma vumbiwa loko ribye leri a ri ri kona ri cinca xivumbeko hi mhaka yaku hisa swinene, ntshikelelo kumbe ku cinca ka swilo swa tikhemikhali. Swikombiso i [[marble]] na [[slate]]. Maendlelo lawa ma hlanganile eka leswi vitaniwaka rock cycle laha maribye ma nga cincaka ku suka eka muxaka wun'we ku ya eka wun'wana hi ku famba ka nkarhi.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Siegesmud S & Snethlage R |year=2014 |title=Stone in Architecture:Properties, Durability |edition=5th}}</ref> [[File:Hampi, India, Rocky landscape of Hampi, Granite rocks of Matanga Hill.jpg|thumb|Maribye ya granite]] '''Muxaka wa maribye ya ntumbuluko.''' {| class="wikitable" |+ !Ribye !Muxaka !Matirhiselo ya rona |- |Granite |Igneous |Swirhapa, miako na switsundzuxo |- |Marble |Metamorphic |Swirhapa, swifaniso, miako ni switsundzuxo |- |Limestone |Sedimentary |Ku endla cement, miako ni ndlela |} Nkoka wa ribye Ribye i ra nkoka hikuva hi ntolovelo ri tiyile, ri hlawulekile naswona ri kumeka hi ntumbuluko. Maribye man'wana ma nga kota ku hanya madzana kumbe magidi ya malembe loko mahlawuriwile kahle naswona ma hlayisiwa. Hambiswiritano ku cela ribye emigodini ku ri fambisa ni ku ri lulamisa swi nga va ni mbuyelo eka mbango. Hikokwalaho i swa nkoka ku tekela enhlokweni laha ribye ri humaka kona ni ndlela leyi ri humesiwaka ni ku tirhisiwa ha yona.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Langer |first=W.H. |year=2001 |title=Dimension Stone}}</ref> [[File:Giant Marbles in Joshua Tree National Park.jpg|thumb|I xifanisa le xi kombisaka maribye ya [[marble]]]]'''Swikombo''' <references />{{DEFAULTSORT:Ribye}} [[Category:Ribye]] [[Category:Ntumbuluko]] bn0jcq2wofmibbbqvosjf2i9ouhnx9g 0 8055 42788 42198 2026-09-29T17:32:47Z Nadia Jay 12491 42788 wikitext text/x-wiki '''XIRHAMI''' [[File:Вниз по Черемошу.jpg|thumb|'''Xirhami''']] '''Xirhami''' i yin'wana ya tinguva ta mune ta lembe leti kumekaka eAfrika-Dzonga<ref>{{Cite news |last=LUSAKA |first=HG |date=1999 |title=Ta maxelo}}</ref>. Nkarhi lowu wu sungula hi n'hweti ya Nhlangula ku fikela Mawuwani. Hi nkarhi lowu wa lembe maxelo ya titimela swinene ku tlula tinguva tin'wana hinkwato. Mixo ya va yo titimela naswona dyambu a ri vonaki ngopfu ematilweni. Mapapa yo tshwuka ya tala etilweni kutani mpfula leyi naka ya titimela. Moya lowu hungaka hi xirhami wa chavisa hikuva wu chavisa miri wa munhu. Vanhu vo tala a va tsakeli ku huma endlwini hikuva ka titimela. Tinguva leyi yi tisa ku tika eka vutomi bya vanhu ni swiharhi. Xirhami xi endla leswaku vutomi byi famba hi ku nonoka. Eka nkarhi wa xirhami vanhu va fanele ku ambala swiambalo swo kufumela leswaku miri ya vona wu tshama wu hisile. Vanhu va ambala tijesi<ref>{{Cite news |last=Nathi |first=SP |date=1996 |title=Swiambalo leswi mbariwaka loko kuri na xirhami}}</ref> leto tiya leti endliweke hi voya, va ambala majekete yo leha yo sirhelela miri hinkwawo. Etilokweni va ambala swigwaxa swo kufumela ni swikipa swa mavoko leswaku mavoko ya nga titimeli. Endlwini ndyangu wu hlengeletana ekusuhi ni ndzilo wa tihunyi leswaku va kuma kuhisa. Ndzilo lowu wu endla yindlu yi va yo kufumala ni yo tsakisa. Vanhu va rhandza ku nwa swin'weso swo hisa ku fana na tiya, kofi ni sopo yo hisa. Vana lavatsongo a va pfumeleriwi ku tlanga handle hikuva va nga khomi hi mafuwa. Swikolo swin'wana swa pfalela loko xirhami xi tlula mpimo. Leswi hinkwaswo swi endliwa ku hlayisa rihanyu ra vanhu. Xirhami xi na nkucetelo lowukulu eka ntumbuluko ni eka swiharhi hinkwaswo. Swimila swo tala swa fa hikuva byanyi bya oma, matluka ya mirhi ya wa ya file ehansi. Masimu ya varimi ya va ma file handle ka nchumu, a ku na leswi byariwaka hi nkarhi lowu. Swiharhi swa le nhoveni swi lava tindhawu to kufumela leswaku swi tisirhelela eka xirhami. Tihomu ni timbuti ti tshama ekusuhi ni tindlu ta vanhu ti lava kuhisa. Tinxaka tin'wana ta swinyenyana<ref>swinyenyani la swirhurhelaku kona loko kuri na xirhami</ref> ti rhurhela ematikweni yo hisa ti baleka xirhami. Madamu ni milambu ya hunguteka hikuva mpfula a yi na ngopfu hi xirhami. Loko xirhami xi tika swinene xi tisa ndlala ni ku pfumaleka ka mati yo basa. Hikwalaho xirhami xi nga va nkarhi wa khombo eka rixaka. Hambileswi xirhami xi tikaka, xi tlhela xi hela kutani ku ta nkarhi wa ximumu. Malembe ya famba hi ku rhendzeleka, ku na tinguva ta mune ku nga ximumu, xirimo, xirhami ni xixika. Endzhaku ka xirhami ku vuya ku rula lokukulu ka ximumu lexi tisa ku tsaka eka vanhu. Leswi swi hi dyondzisa leswaku evuton'wini ku hava xilo lexi tshamaka hilaha ku heriki, swilo hinkwaswo swa hundza. Hi fanele ku tiyisela ni ku hlayisana hi nkarhi wa xirhami leswaku hi nga vabyi. Munhu u fanele ku ambala kahle, ku dya swakudya leswi hanyisaka miri ni ku nwa mati yo tala. Ku hlayisa rihanyu hi nkarhi wa xirhami i swa nkoka swinene eka munhu un'wana na un'wana. Xirhami hikwalaho xi hi dyondzisa vutihlamuleri, ku tiyisela ni ku tshemba leswaku vumundzuku<ref>{{Cite news |last=Baloyi |first=V |date=2000 |title=Xirhami xa vuyerisa}}</ref> byo saseka byi ta vuya. == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == <references /> [[xiyenge:Maxelo]] 781q4v8i0da1m1z1efqrz9h5lgelma3 2 8088 42819 42306 2026-09-29T19:16:34Z Zeeluna 12489 42819 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Lebone Seema.jpg|thumb|365x365px|Xifaniso xa Lebone Seema "The Great Wall".]] Lebone Seema '''Lebone Seema''' loyi a tivekaka tanihi "The Great Wall" i mutlangi wa bolo ya milenge wa xiphurofexinali wa [[Afrika-Dzonga]] loyi a tlangaka tanihi muyimeri wa le xikarhi (musilerheri wa le xikarhi/ central defender) eka xipano xa Orlando Pirates eka [[premiership]] ya Afrika-Dzonga. Seema u ambala nomboro ya 6 eka xipano xa [[Orlando Pirates]]. U tekiwa tanihi un'wana wa vatlangi lava ntsongo lava tshembisaka laha tikweni ra Afrika-Dzonga. Seema u velekewile hi lembe ra 2003 hi n'hweti ya Dzivamisoko hi siku ra vuntlhanu eAlexandra eJohannesburg.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2025-12-28|title=Orlando Pirates new signings mid-term report: 1 of 12|url=https://www.soccerbullet.co.za/orlando-pirates-new-signings-mid-term-report-1-of-12/|website=Soccer Bullet|language=en|access-date=2026-08-19}}</ref> Seema i khale ka mutlangi wa [[Ts Galaxy]] laha a nga hundziseriwa eka xipano xa Orlando Pirates hi lembe ra 2025.<ref name=":0" /> Seema u kumile nyingiso endhzaku ko nghena eka xipano xo sungula xa TS Galaxy hi matirhelo yo difenda lamanene. Endzhaku ka ku rhurhela eka Orlando Pirates, u tiyisisile tanihi musunguri wa nkarhi na nkarhi, a hlamarisa hi ''tackling and positioning'' swa matimba, ku rhula loko a ri karhi a tlanga, na vuswikoti lebyinene. Matlangelo ya yena ya endle leswaku vahlaleri vo tala va bolo ya milenge va Afrika-Dzonga va n'wi languta tanihi un'wana wa titalenta ta ''difensive'' leti tlakukeke ta tiko, na vuswikoti byo humelela swinene eka swiyimo swa le henhla swa ntlangu wa laha kaya. U tlangile [[mintlangu|mintlango]] ya makumenharhu kaye (39) laha anga howisa tigoli tinharhu no tlhela a pfuneta ku howisa kan'we (1). Eka nguva leyi nga hundza u kume sagwati ra defendara ya [[nguva]] (defender of the season) eka Premiership endzhaku ka pfhumba ra yena ro pfuleka na xipano xa Pirates. U vile na xiave lexikulu eka ku humelela ka xipano, a hoxa xandla eka ku hlula eka MTN8, Carling Knockout Cup, Black Label Cup, na 2025/26 Premier Soccer League. U vile museketeri wa xipano xa Pirates ku sukela evuhlangini, hikwalaho ku joyina xipano lexi swi tikomba onge i norho lowu hetisekeke.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2025-08-04|title=Lebone Seema {{!}} Orlando Pirates FC|url=https://www.orlandopiratesfc.com/team/defenders/lebone-seema/|website=www.orlandopiratesfc.com|language=en-ZA|access-date=2026-08-19}}</ref> Hi ku gimeta, Lebone Seema i mutlangi wa bolo ya milenge wa Afrika-Dzonga loyi a tshembhisaka loyi ntirho wa yena wa [[matimba]] na ku tinyiketela ks yens swi n'wi pfuneke ku tlakuka hi swiyimo swa bolo ya milenge ya xuphurofexinali. Kusuka eka ku hluvukisa eka TS Galaxy ku ya eka ku va mudifendara wa nkoka eka xipano xa Orlando Pirates, u tiyisisile tanihi um'wana wa titalenta ta ''defensive'' leti tsakisaka eka bolo ya milenge ya Afrika Dzonga. Matirhelo ya yena ya matimba, ku tinyiketela ka yena swi ringanyeta leswaku u na vumundzuku byo [[vangama]]. == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == <references /> [[Category:Rivala ra mintlango]] [[Category:Bolo]] pgw2prfuaqao8hhs2nqmx5o5php4aig 2 8139 42918 42423 2026-09-30T09:51:04Z NastyB innit 12496 42918 wikitext text/x-wiki Xidzhidzhi Honey badger (Mellivora capensis), leyi tlhelaka yi tiviwa tani hi ratel (/ˈrɑːtəl/ kumbe /ˈreɪtəl/), i xihadyani lexi mamisaka lexi hangalakeke ngopfu e Afrika, Dzonga-vupela dyambu bya Asia, na tikonkulu ra India. Hi yona ntsena muyimeri loyi a hanyaka wa ndyangu lowuntsongo wa Mellivorinae wa Mustelidae. Yina miri wo leha swinene, na nkolo lowu vonakaka wo tiya naswona wu anama, naswona nhlonge leyi ntshunxekeke hindlela yo hlamarisa, leswi pfumelelaka badger ku jika naku soholota hiku ntshunxeka endzeni ka yona. Mustelid leyikulu swinene ya misava e Afrika, honey badger yi lehe 55 kuya eka 77 cm (22 kuya eka 30 in) naswona yi tika kuya fika eka 16 kg (35 lb). Sexual dimorphism yi tsariwile eka muxaka lowu, laha ta xinuna tinga tikulu naswona ti tika kutlula ta xisati. Yina ti pair timbirhi ta mammae, na eversible anal pouch. Honey badger i xiharhi lexi nga xoxe lexi nga tirhaka nkarhi wun’wana na wun’wana wa siku, kuya hi ndzhawu ya xona. Ngopfu ngopfu i muxaka lowu dyaka nyama naswona wuna swihadyani swintsongo swa ntumbuluko hikokwalaho ka nhlonge ya wona yo tiya, matimba xikan’we na vuswikoti byo sirhelela bya tihanyi. Lavakulu va hlayisa ti home ranges letikulu, naswona leti nyikaka nchavelelo wo tshama. Ti hamadryas baboons ta xinuna tina ti manes letikulu to basa. Ti baboons ti kombisa sexual dimorphism eka vukulu, muhlovo, na kukula ka meno ya canine. Ti baboons ti hanya siku na siku na misava, kambe ti etlela emirhini, kumbe eka maboboma lawa ya tlakukeke kumbe emaribyeni navusiku, ekule na swiharhi leswi dyaka swin’wana. Tikumeka eka ti savannas leti pfulekeke nale ka makhwati e Afrika hinkwaro. Tidya hinkwaswo naswona swakudya swa tona swivumbiwa hi swimilani swohambana hambana na swiharhi. Swiharhi leswikulu leswi ti dyaka i tingwenya ta Nile, tinghala, tinghala na timhena. Ti baboon totala titshama eka masocha ya xiyimo xale henhla lawa yanga na ti harems. Ti baboons tinga kumisisa kusuka eka ku cincana ka rito leswaku vuxaka bya vulawuri exikarhi ka vanhu i yini. Hiku angarhela, ya xinuna yin’wana na yin’wana yinga hlangana na ya xisati yin’wana na yin’wana; ku landzelelana ka ku hlangana exikarhi ka ta xinuna swiya hi xiphemu xa xiyimo xa tona xa ntshamisano. Hi ntolovelo ta xisati ti veleka endzhaku ka tin’hweti ta tsevu ta ku tika, hi ntolovelo ti veleka ricece rin’we. Ta xisati titala kuva muhlayisi lonkulu wa vana, hambi leswi ta xisati to hlaya tinga avelana mintirho eka vana va tona hinkwavo. == Tibuku leti tsariweke == https://www.britannica.com/animal/baboon 2miiug4dh2t3twoamyrseaz0v6npsx6 2 8178 42848 42569 2026-09-29T23:41:21Z MissJesus 12475 42848 wikitext text/x-wiki This is my draft space 3 Ndzhavuko wa Matsonga [[NDHAVUKO WA MATSONGA|Ndzhavuko]] wa hina Matsonga ha tinyungubyisa hiwona.Vatsonga i un’wana wa mintlawa ya vanhu va Bantu lava kumekaka ngopfu e[[Afrika-Dzonga]] na le Mozambique, naswona ku tlhela ku va na Vatsonga ematikweni man’wana ya le handle ka [[Afrika-Dzonga]]. Ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga wu akiwile hi ririmi, mikhuva, mindhavuko, vuyimbeleri, ku cina, vukhongeri, swakudya, vuxaka bya mindyangu ni ndlela leyi vanhu va hanyisanaka ha yona. Xitsonga a hi ririmi ntsena, kambe i xiphemu xa nkoka xa vumunhu ni vumunhu bya Vatsonga hikuva ri pfuna ku hundzisela matimu, vutivi, mikhuva ni nkoka wa ndzhavuko ku suka eka rixaka rin’wana ku ya eka rin’wana.[https://sahistory.org.za/ref/A-0062417] Ku ambala ka ndzhavuko i ndlela yin’wana leyi Vatsonga va kombisaka ha yona vutivi bya vona. Vavasati va Vatsonga va tiviwa hi ku ambala swiambalo swa ndhavuko leswi nga ni mivala ni swifaniso swo hambana. [[Xibelani]] na swona i xiphemu lexi tivekaka xa ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga, ngopfu-ngopfu loko ku ciniwa. Ku ambala swiambalo swa ndzhavuko swi nga vonaka eka minkhuvo yo fana na vukati, minkhuvo ya ndzhavuko, minkhuvo ya mindyangu ni minkhuvo ya vaaki.https://krepublishers.com/02-Journals/T-Anth/Anth-33-0-000-18-Web/Anth-33-1-3-000-18-Abst-PDF/T-ANTH-33-1-3-000-18-Abst-PDF/T-ANTH-33-1-3-059-18-2006-Mukwevho-M-H-Tx%5B7%5D.pmd.pdf Namuntlha, swiambalo swa ndzhavuko swi tlhela swi hlanganisiwa ni fexeni ya manguva lawa, leswi kombisaka leswaku ndzhavuko wu nga hlayisiwa wu ri karhi wu cinca na nkarhi. Vuyimbeleri ni ku cina i swiphemu swa nkoka swinene swa ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga. Ku cina ku nga tirhisiwa eka minkhuvo, vukati, minkhuvo ya ndzhavuko ni swiendlakalo swin’wana swa vaaki. Makhwaya, Xighubu, Mchongolo na Xibelani i swin’wana swa swiyila swa ku cina leswi hlanganisiwaka ni ndhavuko wa Vatsonga. Xibelani ngopfu-ngopfu xi tiveka hi ku cina loku fambisanaka ni swiambalo swa ndzhavuko. Vuyimbeleri bya Xitsonga na byona byi hundzuke hi ku famba ka nkarhi, kambe byi ya mahlweni byi ri ndlela yo komba ririmi, matimu, ntsako ni vutivi bya Vatsonga.https://repository.nwu.ac.za/server/api/core/bitstreams/09be7d20-7e14-4665-93b8-ed276e99e6ee/content?utm_source=chatgpt.com Hi ku gimeta, ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga i ndzhavuko lowu fuweke hi ririmi, matimu, mindyangu, vukhongeri, vuyimbeleri, ku cina, swiambalo, swakudya ni mikhuva yo hambana. Xitsonga i xiphemu xa nkoka swinene xa ndzhavuko lowu hikuva xi hundzisa vutivi ni nkoka ku suka eka rixaka rin’wana ku ya eka rin'wana. Hambiswiritano, ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga a wu fani eka vanhu hinkwav̈o; ku ni ku hambana ka mikhuva hi ndhawu, ndyangu ni ntlawa. Hikuva ndzhavuko wu cinca hi ku famba ka nkarhi, i swa nkoka leswaku rixaka ra sweswi ri hlayisa ririmi, matimu ni mikhuva leyi akaka vumunhu bya Vatsonga. acqwr4j85t2en24vwa6wm26ryq2s2dh 42849 42848 2026-09-29T23:43:01Z MissJesus 12475 42849 wikitext text/x-wiki This is my draft space 3 Ndzhavuko wa Matsonga [[NDHAVUKO WA MATSONGA|Ndzhavuko]] wa hina Matsonga ha tinyungubyisa hiwona.Vatsonga i un’wana wa mintlawa ya vanhu va Bantu lava kumekaka ngopfu e[[Afrika-Dzonga]] na le Mozambique, naswona ku tlhela ku va na Vatsonga ematikweni man’wana ya le handle ka [[Afrika-Dzonga]]. Ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga wu akiwile hi ririmi, mikhuva, mindhavuko, vuyimbeleri, ku cina, vukhongeri, swakudya, vuxaka bya mindyangu ni ndlela leyi vanhu va hanyisanaka ha yona. Xitsonga a hi ririmi ntsena, kambe i xiphemu xa nkoka xa vumunhu ni vumunhu bya Vatsonga hikuva ri pfuna ku hundzisela matimu, vutivi, mikhuva ni nkoka wa ndzhavuko ku suka eka rixaka rin’wana ku ya eka rin’wana.[https://sahistory.org.za/ref/A-0062417] Ku ambala ka ndzhavuko i ndlela yin’wana leyi Vatsonga va kombisaka ha yona vutivi bya vona. Vavasati va Vatsonga va tiviwa hi ku ambala swiambalo swa ndhavuko leswi nga ni mivala ni swifaniso swo hambana. [[Xibelani]] na swona i xiphemu lexi tivekaka xa ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga, ngopfu-ngopfu loko ku ciniwa. Ku ambala swiambalo swa ndzhavuko swi nga vonaka eka minkhuvo yo fana na vukati, minkhuvo ya ndzhavuko, minkhuvo ya mindyangu ni minkhuvo ya vaaki.pdf Namuntlha, swiambalo swa ndzhavuko swi tlhela swi hlanganisiwa ni fexeni ya manguva lawa, leswi kombisaka leswaku ndzhavuko wu nga hlayisiwa wu ri karhi wu cinca na nkarhi. Vuyimbeleri ni ku cina i swiphemu swa nkoka swinene swa ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga. Ku cina ku nga tirhisiwa eka minkhuvo, vukati, minkhuvo ya ndzhavuko ni swiendlakalo swin’wana swa vaaki. Makhwaya, Xighubu, Mchongolo na Xibelani i swin’wana swa swiyila swa ku cina leswi hlanganisiwaka ni ndhavuko wa Vatsonga. Xibelani ngopfu-ngopfu xi tiveka hi ku cina loku fambisanaka ni swiambalo swa ndzhavuko. Vuyimbeleri bya Xitsonga na byona byi hundzuke hi ku famba ka nkarhi, kambe byi ya mahlweni byi ri ndlela yo komba ririmi, matimu, ntsako ni vutivi bya Vatsonga. Hi ku gimeta, ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga i ndzhavuko lowu fuweke hi ririmi, matimu, mindyangu, vukhongeri, vuyimbeleri, ku cina, swiambalo, swakudya ni mikhuva yo hambana. Xitsonga i xiphemu xa nkoka swinene xa ndzhavuko lowu hikuva xi hundzisa vutivi ni nkoka ku suka eka rixaka rin’wana ku ya eka rin'wana. Hambiswiritano, ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga a wu fani eka vanhu hinkwav̈o; ku ni ku hambana ka mikhuva hi ndhawu, ndyangu ni ntlawa. Hikuva ndzhavuko wu cinca hi ku famba ka nkarhi, i swa nkoka leswaku rixaka ra sweswi ri hlayisa ririmi, matimu ni mikhuva leyi akaka vumunhu bya Vatsonga. ibmiik2izint4ukxpvv43aq10jjrnpv 42853 42849 2026-09-30T00:28:17Z MissJesus 12475 ADDED REFERENCES 42853 wikitext text/x-wiki This is my draft space 3 Ndzhavuko wa Matsonga <ref>[[NDHAVUKO WA MATSONGA|Ndzhavuko]]</ref> wa hina Matsonga ha tinyungubyisa hiwona.Vatsonga i un’wana wa mintlawa ya vanhu va Bantu lava kumekaka ngopfu e[[Afrika-Dzonga]] na le Mozambique, naswona ku tlhela ku va na Vatsonga ematikweni man’wana ya le handle ka <ref>[[Afrika-Dzonga]].</ref> Ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga wu akiwile hi ririmi, mikhuva, mindhavuko, vuyimbeleri, ku cina, vukhongeri, swakudya, vuxaka bya mindyangu ni ndlela leyi vanhu va hanyisanaka ha yona. Xitsonga a hi ririmi ntsena, kambe i xiphemu xa nkoka xa vumunhu ni vumunhu bya Vatsonga hikuva ri pfuna ku hundzisela matimu, vutivi, mikhuva ni nkoka wa ndzhavuko ku suka eka rixaka rin’wana ku ya eka rin’wana.<ref>[https://sahistory.org.za/ref/A-0062417]</ref> Ku ambala ka ndzhavuko i ndlela yin’wana leyi Vatsonga va kombisaka ha yona vutivi bya vona. Vavasati va Vatsonga va tiviwa hi ku ambala swiambalo swa ndhavuko leswi nga ni mivala ni swifaniso swo hambana. <ref>[[Xibelani]]</ref> na swona i xiphemu lexi tivekaka xa ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga, ngopfu-ngopfu loko ku ciniwa. Ku ambala swiambalo swa ndzhavuko swi nga vonaka eka minkhuvo yo fana na vukati, minkhuvo ya ndzhavuko, minkhuvo ya mindyangu ni minkhuvo ya vaaki.pdf Namuntlha, swiambalo swa ndzhavuko swi tlhela swi hlanganisiwa ni fexeni ya manguva lawa, leswi kombisaka leswaku ndzhavuko wu nga hlayisiwa wu ri karhi wu cinca na nkarhi. Vuyimbeleri ni ku cina i swiphemu swa nkoka swinene swa ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga. Ku cina ku nga tirhisiwa eka minkhuvo, vukati, minkhuvo ya ndzhavuko ni swiendlakalo swin’wana swa vaaki. Makhwaya, Xighubu, Mchongolo na Xibelani i swin’wana swa swiyila swa ku cina leswi hlanganisiwaka ni ndhavuko wa Vatsonga. Xibelani ngopfu-ngopfu xi tiveka hi ku cina loku fambisanaka ni swiambalo swa ndzhavuko. Vuyimbeleri bya Xitsonga na byona byi hundzuke hi ku famba ka nkarhi, kambe byi ya mahlweni byi ri ndlela yo komba ririmi, matimu, ntsako ni vutivi bya Vatsonga. Hi ku gimeta, ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga i ndzhavuko lowu fuweke hi ririmi, matimu, mindyangu, vukhongeri, vuyimbeleri, ku cina, swiambalo, swakudya ni mikhuva yo hambana. Xitsonga i xiphemu xa nkoka swinene xa ndzhavuko lowu hikuva xi hundzisa vutivi ni nkoka ku suka eka rixaka rin’wana ku ya eka rin'wana. Hambiswiritano, ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga a wu fani eka vanhu hinkwav̈o; ku ni ku hambana ka mikhuva hi ndhawu, ndyangu ni ntlawa. Hikuva ndzhavuko wu cinca hi ku famba ka nkarhi, i swa nkoka leswaku rixaka ra sweswi ri hlayisa ririmi, matimu ni mikhuva leyi akaka vumunhu bya Vatsonga. '''SWIKOMBISO:''' jdey284c7e2ipd6st2lhb34go95p9s7 42854 42853 2026-09-30T00:29:14Z MissJesus 12475 Added topic 42854 wikitext text/x-wiki This is my draft space 3 === '''Ndzhavuko wa Matsonga''' === <ref>[[NDHAVUKO WA MATSONGA|Ndzhavuko]]</ref> wa hina Matsonga ha tinyungubyisa hiwona.Vatsonga i un’wana wa mintlawa ya vanhu va Bantu lava kumekaka ngopfu e[[Afrika-Dzonga]] na le Mozambique, naswona ku tlhela ku va na Vatsonga ematikweni man’wana ya le handle ka <ref>[[Afrika-Dzonga]].</ref> Ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga wu akiwile hi ririmi, mikhuva, mindhavuko, vuyimbeleri, ku cina, vukhongeri, swakudya, vuxaka bya mindyangu ni ndlela leyi vanhu va hanyisanaka ha yona. Xitsonga a hi ririmi ntsena, kambe i xiphemu xa nkoka xa vumunhu ni vumunhu bya Vatsonga hikuva ri pfuna ku hundzisela matimu, vutivi, mikhuva ni nkoka wa ndzhavuko ku suka eka rixaka rin’wana ku ya eka rin’wana.<ref>[https://sahistory.org.za/ref/A-0062417]</ref> Ku ambala ka ndzhavuko i ndlela yin’wana leyi Vatsonga va kombisaka ha yona vutivi bya vona. Vavasati va Vatsonga va tiviwa hi ku ambala swiambalo swa ndhavuko leswi nga ni mivala ni swifaniso swo hambana. <ref>[[Xibelani]]</ref> na swona i xiphemu lexi tivekaka xa ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga, ngopfu-ngopfu loko ku ciniwa. Ku ambala swiambalo swa ndzhavuko swi nga vonaka eka minkhuvo yo fana na vukati, minkhuvo ya ndzhavuko, minkhuvo ya mindyangu ni minkhuvo ya vaaki.pdf Namuntlha, swiambalo swa ndzhavuko swi tlhela swi hlanganisiwa ni fexeni ya manguva lawa, leswi kombisaka leswaku ndzhavuko wu nga hlayisiwa wu ri karhi wu cinca na nkarhi. Vuyimbeleri ni ku cina i swiphemu swa nkoka swinene swa ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga. Ku cina ku nga tirhisiwa eka minkhuvo, vukati, minkhuvo ya ndzhavuko ni swiendlakalo swin’wana swa vaaki. Makhwaya, Xighubu, Mchongolo na Xibelani i swin’wana swa swiyila swa ku cina leswi hlanganisiwaka ni ndhavuko wa Vatsonga. Xibelani ngopfu-ngopfu xi tiveka hi ku cina loku fambisanaka ni swiambalo swa ndzhavuko. Vuyimbeleri bya Xitsonga na byona byi hundzuke hi ku famba ka nkarhi, kambe byi ya mahlweni byi ri ndlela yo komba ririmi, matimu, ntsako ni vutivi bya Vatsonga. Hi ku gimeta, ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga i ndzhavuko lowu fuweke hi ririmi, matimu, mindyangu, vukhongeri, vuyimbeleri, ku cina, swiambalo, swakudya ni mikhuva yo hambana. Xitsonga i xiphemu xa nkoka swinene xa ndzhavuko lowu hikuva xi hundzisa vutivi ni nkoka ku suka eka rixaka rin’wana ku ya eka rin'wana. Hambiswiritano, ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga a wu fani eka vanhu hinkwav̈o; ku ni ku hambana ka mikhuva hi ndhawu, ndyangu ni ntlawa. Hikuva ndzhavuko wu cinca hi ku famba ka nkarhi, i swa nkoka leswaku rixaka ra sweswi ri hlayisa ririmi, matimu ni mikhuva leyi akaka vumunhu bya Vatsonga. '''SWIKOMBISO:''' pqji4wfbukxk5mc7ripi97t2z9cqxqo 42856 42854 2026-09-30T00:48:50Z MissJesus 12475 42856 wikitext text/x-wiki This is my draft space 3 === '''Ndzhavuko wa Matsonga''' === <ref>[[NDHAVUKO WA MATSONGA|Ndzhavuko]]</ref> wa hina Matsonga ha tinyungubyisa hiwona.Vatsonga i un’wana wa mintlawa ya vanhu va Bantu lava kumekaka ngopfu e[[Afrika-Dzonga]] na le Mozambique, naswona ku tlhela ku va na Vatsonga ematikweni man’wana ya le handle ka <ref>[[Afrika-Dzonga]].</ref> Ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga wu akiwile hi ririmi, mikhuva, mindhavuko, vuyimbeleri, ku cina, vukhongeri, swakudya, vuxaka bya mindyangu ni ndlela leyi vanhu va hanyisanaka ha yona. Xitsonga a hi ririmi ntsena, kambe i xiphemu xa nkoka xa vumunhu ni vumunhu bya Vatsonga hikuva ri pfuna ku hundzisela matimu, vutivi, mikhuva ni nkoka wa ndzhavuko ku suka eka rixaka rin’wana ku ya eka rin’wana.<ref>[https://sahistory.org.za/ref/A-0062417]</ref> Ku ambala ka ndzhavuko i ndlela yin’wana leyi Vatsonga va kombisaka ha yona vutivi bya vona. Vavasati va Vatsonga va tiviwa hi ku ambala swiambalo swa ndhavuko leswi nga ni mivala ni swifaniso swo hambana. <ref>[[Xibelani]]</ref> na swona i xiphemu lexi tivekaka xa ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga, ngopfu-ngopfu loko ku ciniwa. Ku ambala swiambalo swa ndzhavuko swi nga vonaka eka minkhuvo yo fana na vukati, minkhuvo ya ndzhavuko, minkhuvo ya mindyangu ni minkhuvo ya vaaki.pdf Namuntlha, swiambalo swa ndzhavuko swi tlhela swi hlanganisiwa ni fexeni ya manguva lawa, leswi kombisaka leswaku ndzhavuko wu nga hlayisiwa wu ri karhi wu cinca na nkarhi. Vuyimbeleri ni ku cina i swiphemu swa nkoka swinene swa ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga. Ku cina ku nga tirhisiwa eka minkhuvo, vukati, minkhuvo ya ndzhavuko ni swiendlakalo swin’wana swa vaaki. Makhwaya, Xighubu, Mchongolo na Xibelani i swin’wana swa swiyila swa ku cina leswi hlanganisiwaka ni ndhavuko wa Vatsonga. Xibelani ngopfu-ngopfu xi tiveka hi ku cina loku fambisanaka ni swiambalo swa ndzhavuko. Vuyimbeleri bya Xitsonga na byona byi hundzuke hi ku famba ka nkarhi, kambe byi ya mahlweni byi ri ndlela yo komba ririmi, matimu, ntsako ni vutivi bya Vatsonga. Hi ku gimeta, ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga i ndzhavuko lowu fuweke hi ririmi, matimu, mindyangu, vukhongeri, vuyimbeleri, ku cina, swiambalo, swakudya ni mikhuva yo hambana. Xitsonga i xiphemu xa nkoka swinene xa ndzhavuko lowu hikuva xi hundzisa vutivi ni nkoka ku suka eka rixaka rin’wana ku ya eka rin'wana. Hambiswiritano, ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga a wu fani eka vanhu hinkwav̈o; ku ni ku hambana ka mikhuva hi ndhawu, ndyangu ni ntlawa. Hikuva ndzhavuko wu cinca hi ku famba ka nkarhi, i swa nkoka leswaku rixaka ra sweswi ri hlayisa ririmi, matimu ni mikhuva leyi akaka vumunhu bya Vatsonga. '''SWIKOMBISO:''' ojxoprsq5vpwbx0kw5wdnm85h4sb94o 42857 42856 2026-09-30T00:52:53Z MissJesus 12475 CHANGED TOPIC 42857 wikitext text/x-wiki This is my draft space 3 === '''Ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga''' === <ref>[[NDHAVUKO WA MATSONGA|Ndzhavuko]]</ref> wa hina Matsonga ha tinyungubyisa hiwona.Vatsonga i un’wana wa mintlawa ya vanhu va Bantu lava kumekaka ngopfu e[[Afrika-Dzonga]] na le Mozambique, naswona ku tlhela ku va na Vatsonga ematikweni man’wana ya le handle ka <ref>[[Afrika-Dzonga]].</ref> Ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga wu akiwile hi ririmi, mikhuva, mindhavuko, vuyimbeleri, ku cina, vukhongeri, swakudya, vuxaka bya mindyangu ni ndlela leyi vanhu va hanyisanaka ha yona. Xitsonga a hi ririmi ntsena, kambe i xiphemu xa nkoka xa vumunhu ni vumunhu bya Vatsonga hikuva ri pfuna ku hundzisela matimu, vutivi, mikhuva ni nkoka wa ndzhavuko ku suka eka rixaka rin’wana ku ya eka rin’wana.<ref>[https://sahistory.org.za/ref/A-0062417]</ref> Ku ambala ka ndzhavuko i ndlela yin’wana leyi Vatsonga va kombisaka ha yona vutivi bya vona. Vavasati va Vatsonga va tiviwa hi ku ambala swiambalo swa ndhavuko leswi nga ni mivala ni swifaniso swo hambana. <ref>[[Xibelani]]</ref> na swona i xiphemu lexi tivekaka xa ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga, ngopfu-ngopfu loko ku ciniwa. Ku ambala swiambalo swa ndzhavuko swi nga vonaka eka minkhuvo yo fana na vukati, minkhuvo ya ndzhavuko, minkhuvo ya mindyangu ni minkhuvo ya vaaki.pdf Namuntlha, swiambalo swa ndzhavuko swi tlhela swi hlanganisiwa ni fexeni ya manguva lawa, leswi kombisaka leswaku ndzhavuko wu nga hlayisiwa wu ri karhi wu cinca na nkarhi. Vuyimbeleri ni ku cina i swiphemu swa nkoka swinene swa ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga. Ku cina ku nga tirhisiwa eka minkhuvo, vukati, minkhuvo ya ndzhavuko ni swiendlakalo swin’wana swa vaaki. Makhwaya, Xighubu, Mchongolo na Xibelani i swin’wana swa swiyila swa ku cina leswi hlanganisiwaka ni ndhavuko wa Vatsonga. Xibelani ngopfu-ngopfu xi tiveka hi ku cina loku fambisanaka ni swiambalo swa ndzhavuko. Vuyimbeleri bya Xitsonga na byona byi hundzuke hi ku famba ka nkarhi, kambe byi ya mahlweni byi ri ndlela yo komba ririmi, matimu, ntsako ni vutivi bya Vatsonga. Hi ku gimeta, ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga i ndzhavuko lowu fuweke hi ririmi, matimu, mindyangu, vukhongeri, vuyimbeleri, ku cina, swiambalo, swakudya ni mikhuva yo hambana. Xitsonga i xiphemu xa nkoka swinene xa ndzhavuko lowu hikuva xi hundzisa vutivi ni nkoka ku suka eka rixaka rin’wana ku ya eka rin'wana. Hambiswiritano, ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga a wu fani eka vanhu hinkwav̈o; ku ni ku hambana ka mikhuva hi ndhawu, ndyangu ni ntlawa. Hikuva ndzhavuko wu cinca hi ku famba ka nkarhi, i swa nkoka leswaku rixaka ra sweswi ri hlayisa ririmi, matimu ni mikhuva leyi akaka vumunhu bya Vatsonga. '''SWIKOMBISO:''' tusvecblt50ixxhz0ego81r1e2xjh6e 0 8211 42731 2026-09-29T12:14:00Z Kataliya23 12473 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1374619449|Kangaroo]]" 42731 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ti kangaroos''' i ti marsupials ku suka eka ndyangu lowuntsongo wa Macropodinae (macropods, leswivulaka "nenge lowukulu"). Hi ku tirhisiwa loku tolovelekeke, rito leri ri tirhisiwa ku hlamusela muxaka lowukulu swinene ku suka eka endyangu lowu, ku nga kangaroo yo tshwuka, swin’we ni antilopine kangaroo, eastern grey kangaroo, na western grey kangaroo. Ti- kangaroo i ta ndzhavuko wa le Australia ni le New Guinea. Mfumo wa Australia wu ringanyeta leswaku 42.8&nbsp; wa timiliyoni ya ti- kangaroo a ti tshama endzeni ka tindhawu leti xavisiwaka ta ntshovelo wa mabindzu eAustralia hi 2019, ku suka eka 53,2&nbsp;wa mimiliyoni hi 2013. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Kangaroo population estimates|url=https://www.environment.gov.au/system/files/pages/ee20f301-6c6c-44e4-aa24-62a32d412de5/files/kangaroo-statistics-states-2020.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210725172442/https://www.environment.gov.au/system/files/pages/ee20f301-6c6c-44e4-aa24-62a32d412de5/files/kangaroo-statistics-states-2020.pdf|archive-date=25 July 2021|accessdate=30 July 2021|website=Wildlife Trade|publisher=Government of Australia: Department Agriculture, Water and the Environment}}</ref> 42fkxq9dd18zv62a60jrfs3gw4q7vpd 0 8212 42735 2026-09-29T12:27:53Z VanBestern 12517 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1375420338|Radio]]" 42735 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Radio_towers_on_Sandia_Peak_-_closeup.jpg|thumb| Purasi ra tieriyani leri nga ni ti- eriyani to hambana-hambana ta xiya-ni-moya eNhlohlorhini ya Sandia ekusuhi ni le Albuquerque, le New Mexico, eUnited States]] '''Xiyanimoya''' i thekinoloji yo burisana hi ku tirhisa magandlati ya xiyanimoya . <ref name="OED">{{Cite web|date=2019|title=Radio|url=https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/radio|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190324025858/https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/radio|archive-date=24 March 2019|accessdate=26 February 2019|website=Oxford Living Dictionaries|publisher=Oxford University Press}}</ref> <ref name="Ellingson-2016">{{Cite book |last=Ellingson |first=Steven W. |date=2016 |title=Radio Systems Engineering |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QMKSDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA1 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1316785164 |pages=1–4}}</ref> Magandlati ya xiyamoya i magandlati ya gezi ya yale xikarhi ka 3hertz (Hz) na 300gigahertz (GHz) ya xirhendzevutani. Ti endliwa hi xitirhisiwa xa gezi lexi vuriwaka thiransimita lexi hlanganisiweke na eriyani leyi humesaka magandlati. Ti nga amukeriwa hi tieriyani tin'wana leti hlanganisiweke na xiamukeri xa xiyanimoya ; lowu i nsinya wa nawu wa xisekelo wa vuhlanganisi bya xiyanimoya. Ku engetela eka ku vulavurisana, xiyanimoya xi tirhisiwa eka rhada, ku kongomisa hi xiyanimoya, ku lawula ekule, ku vona ekule, ni swin’wana. Eka mburisano '''wa xiyanimoya''', lebyi tirhisiwaka eka vuhaxi bya xiyanimoya na mavonakule, tinqingho tale nyongeni, swiyanimoya swa tindlela timbirhi, vuhlanganisi bya ntambhu, na vuhlanganisi bya sathelayiti, exikarhi ka matirhiselo man’wana yo tala, magandlati ya xiyanimoya ma tirhisiwa ku rhwala rungula exibakabakeni ku suka eka xihundzisi ku ya eka xiamukeri, hi ku cinca cinca xigingi xa xiyanimoya (ku hlamarisa xikombiso xa rungula eka magandlati ya xiyanimoya hi ku cinca cinca xiphemu xo karhi xa magandlati) eka xihundzisi. Eka rhada, leyi tirhisiwaka ku kuma na ku landzelela swilo swofana na swihahampfhuka, swikepe, swihahampfhuka swale xibakabakeni na swibuluki, rivoni ra magandlati ya radio lawa ya humesiwaka hi xihundzisi xa rhada ya vonakala kusuka eka nchumu lowu kongomisiweke, naswona magandlati lawa ya vonakaka ya paluxa ndzhawu ya nchumu lowu eka xiamukeri leyi hi ntolovelo yi nga thiransimita. Eka tisisitemi ta vufambisi bya xiyanimoya to fana na GPS na VOR, xitirhisiwa xo fambisa movha xi amukela swikombiso swa radio kusuka eka vufambisi bya xiyanimoya byo tala leti ndzhawu ya tona yi tiviwaka, naswona hiku pima kahle nkarhi wo fika wa magandlati ya radio muamukeri anga hlayela ndzhawu ya yena eMisaveni. Eka switirhisiwa swo lawula ekule swa xiya- ni-moya leswi nga riki na tintambhu swo tanihi ti- drone, swivuri swa tinyangwa ta garaji, ni tisisiteme to nghena leti nga riki na swilotlelo, swikombiso swa xiyanimoya leswi hundziseriwaka ku suka eka xitirhisiwa xo lawula swi lawula swiendlo swa xitirhisiwa xa le kule. s8pi3s4xuklqx666yrumg3x48p53tmv 0 8213 42736 2026-09-29T12:29:25Z Kataliya23 12473 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1375789284|Mosquito]]" 42736 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Switsotswana''', '''Culicidae''', i ndyangu wa swinyenyana leswintsongo leswi vumbiwaka hi tinxaka ta 3,600. Rito ''mosquito'' (leri vumbiwaka hi ''mosca'' na diminutive ''-ito'' ) <ref>{{Cite web|title=mosquito|url=http://dle.rae.es/?id=PuiMZGa|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160724225319/http://dle.rae.es/?id=PuiMZGa|archive-date=24 July 2016|accessdate=24 July 2016|publisher=[[Real Academia Española]]}}</ref> i Xipaniya na Xiputukezi lexi vulaka ''little fly.'' <ref name="isbn0-19-861271-0">{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=Lesley |year=1993 |title=The New Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles |url=https://archive.org/details/newshorteroxford00lesl |publisher=[[Clarendon Press]] |isbn=978-0-19-861271-1 |location=Oxford, England}}</ref> Switsotswana swina miri wo olova, lowu avaneke, mpatswa unwe, mimpatswa yinharhu ya milenge yo leha leyi fanaka ni misisi, na sete yo hlawuleka, leyi leheke swinene ya swiphemu swa nomu leswi vumbaka proboscis, leyi lulameleke ku tlhava ni ku mama. Switsotswana hinkwaswo swi nwa vulombe bya swiluva; ta xinsati ta tinxaka to tala ti toloverile ku tlhela ti nwa ngati. Ntlawa lowu wu hambanile hi nkarhi wa Cretaceous. Vativi va ntivo-vutomi va hundzuluko va teka switsotswana tanihi swihadyana leswtsongo, ku nga swiharhi leswitsongo leswi dyaka switsotswana leswikulu hi ku nwa ngati ya swona handle ko swi dlaya hi ku hatlisa. Vativi va switsotswana va swa vutshunguri va languta switsotswana tanihi switsotswana leswi rhwalelaka mavabyi, leswi rhwalaka switsotswana swa protozoan kumbe switsongwatsongwana swa tibakteriya kumbe switsongwatsongwana ku suka eka muhaxi un’wana ku ya eka un’wana. 5op6anys0o9oncnyvepef5krxt7yhiu 0 8214 42737 2026-09-29T12:33:43Z Blaq centia 12476 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1373522849|Patrick Maswanganyi]]" 42737 wikitext text/x-wiki === Orlando Pirates === Hi lembe ra 2023, u joyinile xipano xale Soweto [[Orlando Pirates FC|xa Orlando Pirates]] kutani a ya emahlweni a va xiphemu xa nkoka eka xipano lexi a wina swidlodlo swo hlaya. <ref>{{Cite web|date=18 July 2023|title=New Pirates Signing: How I Nearly Quit|url=https://www.snl24.com/soccerladuma/local/premiership/orlando-pirates/orlando-pirates-signing-patrick-maswanganyi-speaks-about-transfer-20230718|website=Soccer Laduma}}</ref> Maswanganyi u tlangile mitlangu yo ringana 119 a tlhela a kora tigoli to ringana 28 na kupfuneta ka 21 eka mimphikizano hinkwayo. U vhotiwile tani hi mutlangi wa vatlangi va Phirimiyara wa Afirika-Dzonga wa nguva, mutlangi wa le xikarhi wa nguva na mutlangi wa mphikizano wa Khapu ya Nedbank hi 2024. Eka nguva leyi landzelaka ya 2024-25, hambileswi a langutiwa swinene hi swipano swo hlaya, Maswanganyi u sale a ri e Soweto. Leswi valala va yena sweswi va toloveleke xitayili xa yena xo tlanga, swi tikombise swi tika swinene eka yena ku lawula ku tlula eka nguva leyi hundzeke. <ref>{{Cite web|last=Msomi|first=Smiso|date=2009-04-17|title=Pirates’ Maswanganyi looks to reignite form with International Duty|url=https://sundaytribune.co.za/sport/2024-11-10-pirates-maswanganyi-looks-to-reignite-form-with-international-duty/|accessdate=2026-09-06|website=Sunday Tribune|language=en}}</ref> [[Category:Living people]] evbveyowrq9tu01dmrxpzzv7faxu09n 0 8215 42738 2026-09-29T12:51:17Z Blaq centia 12476 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1376328166|Kharishma]]" 42738 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Melita Mogale''' (loyi a velekiweke hi ti 27 Sunguti hi lembe ra 2004) loyi a tivekaka hi vito ra '''Kharishma''', I xiyimbeleri na mutsari wa tisimu wa Afirika-Dzonga. <ref>{{Cite web|last=Kings|date=2024-07-04|title=Everything You Need To Know About Vocalist Kharishma|url=https://kingminds.net/everything-you-need-to-know-about-vocalist-kharishma/|accessdate=2025-05-31|website=KingMinds|language=en-US}}</ref> U tiveka ngopfu hi ku hoxa xandla eka vuyimbeleri bya [[Limpopo]] lebyi tivekaka tani hi "Lekompo". <ref>{{Cite web|date=2023-08-30|title=Kharishma's pregnancy rumour leaves fans shook – Tzaneen Voice|url=https://tzaneenvoice.co.za/kharishmas-pregnancy-rumour-leaves-fans-shook/|accessdate=2025-05-31|language=en-US}}</ref> U kumile ndhuma hi risimu ra yena leri nga duma ra "Matome" hi 2023 naswona kusukela kwalano u humesile tisimu to hlaya leti humeleleke na alibamu yosungula. <ref>{{Cite web|last=Mazibuko|first=Thobile|title=How Kharishma's hit 'Chokeslam' is transforming Limpopo's music scene|url=https://iol.co.za/entertainment/music/local/2025-01-06-how-kharishmas-hit-chokeslam-is-transforming-limpopos-music-scene/|website=IOL}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|last=Press|first=Mega|date=2023-07-21|title=Kharishma Refuses OpenMic Deal, Matome Music Video Release in Limbo – Mega Press|url=https://www.megaartists.co.za/kharishma-refuses-openmic-deal-matome-music-video-release-in-limbo/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=kharishma-refuses-openmic-deal-matome-music-video-release-in-limbo|accessdate=2025-05-31|language=en-US}}</ref> Vaseketeri va n'wi vitana "Queen of Lekompo" na Shandesh na Janesh. <ref>{{Cite web|last=Malatji|first=Ngwako|date=2025-05-25|title=Kharishma again a no-show at a music festival, leaving fans disappointed|url=https://sundayworld.co.za/news/kharishma-again-a-no-show-at-a-music-festival-leaving-fans-disappointed/|accessdate=2025-06-14|website=Sunday World|language=en-ZA}}</ref> [[Category:Living people]] n7u5yg4xxd5zd20df41qxddnl5cmzni 2 8216 42739 2026-09-29T13:04:32Z Hlaisani 12522 NDZI NGETERILE XA XIFANISO 42739 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:V0Y3403.jpg|thumb|XIFANISO XA MISIHA]] '''MISIHA''' Misiha i xiphemu xa nkoka xa fambiselo ra misiha ya mbilu. I misiha ya ngati leyi tlheriselaka ngati leyi humaka eka tinyama ta miri ku ya embilwini. Hambileswi misiha ni misiha swi tirhaka swin’we tanihi xiphemu xa fambiselo rin’we ra ku famba-famba ka ngati, swi ni ku hambana ka nkoka ka xivumbeko ni matirhelo. Misiha i ya nkoka swinene hikuva yi nga hlayisa ngati yo tala naswona yi pfuneta ku hlayisa ku khuluka loku ringaneke ka ngati ku tlhelela embilwini.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Saeed|first=Salman|date=2023-07-06|title=Introduction to NCBI|url=https://doi.org/10.7490/f1000research.1119526.1|accessdate=2026-09-29|website=doi.org}}</ref> Ntirho lowukulu wa misiha i ku tlherisela ngati embilwini. Eka ku famba-famba ka fambiselo, misiha yo tala yi rhwala ngati leyi nga riki na okisijini. Ngati leyi yi yise okisijini ni swakudya eka tinyama naswona yi hlengelete khaboni-dayokisayidi ni thyaka ra metabolic. Kutani yi famba hi misiha leyikulu hakatsongo-tsongo yi nga si fika embilwini. Xihlawulekisi xa nkoka i misiha ya mahahu. Misiha leyi yi rhwala ngati leyi fuweke hi okisijini ku suka emahahwini ku ya etlhelweni ra ximatsi ra mbilu. Hikwalaho, misiha a yi fanelanga yi hlamuseriwa ntsena tanihi misiha leyi rhwalaka ngati leyi nga riki na okisijini; ematshan’wini ya sweswo, misiha yi hlamuseriwa hi tlhelo leri yi rhwalaka ngati ha yona—yi kongoma embilwini. Misiha yi tlhela yi tirha tanihi xihlovo lexikulu xa ngati. Hikwalaho ka leswi ti pfumelelanaka swinene, ti nga amukela ku cinca lokukulu ka mpimo wa ngati handle ko engeteleka lokukulu ka ntshikelelo. Kwalomu ka 70% wa volumin ya ngati leyi rhendzelekaka yi nga ha va yi ri endzeni ka sisiteme ya misiha hi nkarhi lowu vekiweke<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ratcliffe |first=N. A. |date=1982 |title=Blood and Vascular System |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-86060-9_7 |publisher=Macmillan Education UK |isbn=978-0-333-25635-0 |location=London |pages=68–74}}</ref> Misiha i swiphemu swa nkoka swa fambiselo ra ku famba-famba ka ngati. Makhumbi ya tona yo olova, yo olova na vuswikoti lebyikulu swi ti pfumelela ku tirha tani hi vuhlayiselo bya nkoka bya ngati, kasi ti valve na ntirho wa misiha ya marhambu swi pfuneta ku tlherisela ngati embilwini. Endlelo ra misiha ri tirha nkarhi hinkwawo ni mbilu, misiha ni ti-[ capillary] leswaku ri hlayisa ku famba-famba ka ngati emirini hinkwawo. Ku twisisa xivumbeko na ntirho wa misiha hikwalaho i swa nkoka eka anatomi, physiologi, na ku kambela na ku lawula mavabyi ya misiha.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Safdar |first=Ghazanfar Ali |last2=Ur Rehman |first2=Masood |last3=Chaudhry |first3=Mohammad Asad Rehman |date=2022-03-18 |title=Introduction to D2D Communications |url=https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119788829.ch1 |journal=Interference Mitigation in Device‐to‐Device Communications |pages=1–12 |doi=10.1002/9781119788829.ch1}}</ref> == '''SWIHLOVO LESWI TIRHISIWEK''' == <references /> <references /> l53j4b1i0np32a1eiuwrjqlchkey23s 0 8217 42740 2026-09-29T13:07:36Z Hlaisani 12522 NDZI NGETERILE XA XIFANISO 42740 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:V0Y3403.jpg|thumb|XIFANISO XA MISIHA]] '''MISIHA''' Misiha i xiphemu xa nkoka xa fambiselo ra misiha ya mbilu. I misiha ya ngati leyi tlheriselaka ngati leyi humaka eka tinyama ta miri ku ya embilwini. Hambileswi misiha ni misiha swi tirhaka swin’we tanihi xiphemu xa fambiselo rin’we ra ku famba-famba ka ngati, swi ni ku hambana ka nkoka ka xivumbeko ni matirhelo. Misiha i ya nkoka swinene hikuva yi nga hlayisa ngati yo tala naswona yi pfuneta ku hlayisa ku khuluka loku ringaneke ka ngati ku tlhelela embilwini.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Saeed|first=Salman|date=2023-07-06|title=Introduction to NCBI|url=https://doi.org/10.7490/f1000research.1119526.1|accessdate=2026-09-29|website=doi.org}}</ref> Ntirho lowukulu wa misiha i ku tlherisela ngati embilwini. Eka ku famba-famba ka fambiselo, misiha yo tala yi rhwala ngati leyi nga riki na okisijini. Ngati leyi yi yise okisijini ni swakudya eka tinyama naswona yi hlengelete khaboni-dayokisayidi ni thyaka ra metabolic. Kutani yi famba hi misiha leyikulu hakatsongo-tsongo yi nga si fika embilwini. Xihlawulekisi xa nkoka i misiha ya mahahu. Misiha leyi yi rhwala ngati leyi fuweke hi okisijini ku suka emahahwini ku ya etlhelweni ra ximatsi ra mbilu. Hikwalaho, misiha a yi fanelanga yi hlamuseriwa ntsena tanihi misiha leyi rhwalaka ngati leyi nga riki na okisijini; ematshan’wini ya sweswo, misiha yi hlamuseriwa hi tlhelo leri yi rhwalaka ngati ha yona—yi kongoma embilwini. Misiha yi tlhela yi tirha tanihi xihlovo lexikulu xa ngati. Hikwalaho ka leswi ti pfumelelanaka swinene, ti nga amukela ku cinca lokukulu ka mpimo wa ngati handle ko engeteleka lokukulu ka ntshikelelo. Kwalomu ka 70% wa volumin ya ngati leyi rhendzelekaka yi nga ha va yi ri endzeni ka sisiteme ya misiha hi nkarhi lowu vekiweke<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ratcliffe |first=N. A. |date=1982 |title=Blood and Vascular System |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-86060-9_7 |publisher=Macmillan Education UK |isbn=978-0-333-25635-0 |location=London |pages=68–74}}</ref> Misiha i swiphemu swa nkoka swa fambiselo ra ku famba-famba ka ngati. Makhumbi ya tona yo olova, yo olova na vuswikoti lebyikulu swi ti pfumelela ku tirha tani hi vuhlayiselo bya nkoka bya ngati, kasi ti valve na ntirho wa misiha ya marhambu swi pfuneta ku tlherisela ngati embilwini. Endlelo ra misiha ri tirha nkarhi hinkwawo ni mbilu, misiha ni ti-[ capillary] leswaku ri hlayisa ku famba-famba ka ngati emirini hinkwawo. Ku twisisa xivumbeko na ntirho wa misiha hikwalaho i swa nkoka eka anatomi, physiologi, na ku kambela na ku lawula mavabyi ya misiha.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Safdar |first=Ghazanfar Ali |last2=Ur Rehman |first2=Masood |last3=Chaudhry |first3=Mohammad Asad Rehman |date=2022-03-18 |title=Introduction to D2D Communications |url=https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119788829.ch1 |journal=Interference Mitigation in Device‐to‐Device Communications |pages=1–12 |doi=10.1002/9781119788829.ch1}}</ref> == SWIHLOVO LESWI TIRHISIWEK == <references /> r3pj5qqn9n0dzpbusjop68z5lge1d6r 0 8218 42741 2026-09-29T13:09:50Z Mgingiriko 12521 Created page with "Timongo i xiphemu xa mbewu xa le ndzeni ka mbewu ya mihandzu ya kanyi. Hi xitsonga , hi nga ku "timbewu ta le ndzeni ta marula" kumbe "swiphemu swa le ndzeni swa mbewu ya marula"sw. Mihandzu ya marula yi va ni ribye kumbe mbewu yo tika endzeni. Loko mbewu leyi yi pfuriwa , ku kumeka swiphemu leswitsongo swa le ndzeni . Swiphemu leswi hiswona leswi vuriwaka kernels.Timongo ti nga dyiwa naswona ti ni mafurha , protein na swakudya swin'wana. Mafurha lama humaka eka kernels..." 42741 wikitext text/x-wiki Timongo i xiphemu xa mbewu xa le ndzeni ka mbewu ya mihandzu ya kanyi. Hi xitsonga , hi nga ku "timbewu ta le ndzeni ta marula" kumbe "swiphemu swa le ndzeni swa mbewu ya marula"sw. Mihandzu ya marula yi va ni ribye kumbe mbewu yo tika endzeni. Loko mbewu leyi yi pfuriwa , ku kumeka swiphemu leswitsongo swa le ndzeni . Swiphemu leswi hiswona leswi vuriwaka kernels.Timongo ti nga dyiwa naswona ti ni mafurha , protein na swakudya swin'wana. Mafurha lama humaka eka kernels ta marula ma tlhela ma tirhisiwa eka swakudya , cosmetic na skincare products.Timbewu ta le ndzeni ta marula ti fuwe hi swakudya swa nkoka.Timongo i swakudya nkoka leswi nga hlanganyisiwaka na swakudya swin'wana kumbe ti dyiwa ti ri toxe. [[File:Sun drying Marula nuts in Ohangwena constituency.jpg|thumb|Timongo]] Timongo ti tlhela ti va na nkoka eka mindhavuko yin'wana hikuva ti nga tirhisiwa hi vanhu eka swakudya swa ndhavuko. Timongo ta marula , hi ku kongoma , ti kumeka eka tindhawu leti marula yi milaka eka tona naswona vanhu va nga ti hlengeleta loko mihandzu yi vupfile. Endzhaku ka ku susa mbewu eka mihandzu , mbewu yi nga pfuriwa leswaku ku humesiwa kernel.Hi ndlela leyi , timongo ta marula ti nga va xihlovo xa swakudya naswona ti nga tirhisiwa eka swilo swo hambana-hambana. '''Swihlovo''' https://savethesand.com/marula-magic http://www.marula.org.za/abnut.htm [[Category:Swakudya swa ndzhavuko]] rl4ymx51015pwa6eiikvumxup8u9hwz 42743 42741 2026-09-29T13:16:23Z Mgingiriko 12521 I Created sources 42743 wikitext text/x-wiki Timongo i xiphemu xa mbewu xa le ndzeni ka mbewu ya mihandzu ya kanyi. Hi xitsonga , hi nga ku "timbewu ta le ndzeni ta marula" kumbe "swiphemu swa le ndzeni swa mbewu ya marula"sw. Mihandzu ya marula yi va ni ribye kumbe mbewu yo tika endzeni. Loko mbewu leyi yi pfuriwa , ku kumeka swiphemu leswitsongo swa le ndzeni . Swiphemu leswi hiswona leswi vuriwaka kernels.Timongo ti nga dyiwa naswona ti ni mafurha , protein na swakudya swin'wana. Mafurha lama humaka eka kernels ta marula ma tlhela ma tirhisiwa eka swakudya , cosmetic na skincare products.Timbewu ta le ndzeni ta marula ti fuwe hi swakudya swa nkoka.Timongo i swakudya nkoka leswi nga hlanganyisiwaka na swakudya swin'wana kumbe ti dyiwa ti ri toxe. [[File:Sun drying Marula nuts in Ohangwena constituency.jpg|thumb|Timongo]] Timongo ti tlhela ti va na nkoka eka mindhavuko yin'wana hikuva ti nga tirhisiwa hi vanhu eka swakudya swa ndhavuko. Timongo ta marula , hi ku kongoma , ti kumeka eka tindhawu leti marula yi milaka eka tona naswona vanhu va nga ti hlengeleta loko mihandzu yi vupfile. Endzhaku ka ku susa mbewu eka mihandzu , mbewu yi nga pfuriwa leswaku ku humesiwa kernel.Hi ndlela leyi , timongo ta marula ti nga va xihlovo xa swakudya naswona ti nga tirhisiwa eka swilo swo hambana-hambana. '''Swihlovo''' https://savethesand.com/marula-magic http://www.marula.org.za/abnut.htm [[Category:Swakudya swa ndzhavuko]] [[Category:Swakudya swa Vatsonga]] mf3ypbhz0axpysqy4ea8g0r53xoo5ai 0 8219 42742 2026-09-29T13:11:19Z Blaq centia 12476 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1350139213|Union Buildings]]" 42742 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Miako ya Nhlangano''' ( Afrikaans )xitulu xa ximfumo xa Mfumo wa Afirika-Dzonga na ku tlhela ku va na tihofisi ta Phuresidente wa Afirika -Dzonga . Miako leyi leyinkulu yi kumeka [[Pitori|ePitori]], Ehenhla ka Meintjeskop emakumu ya le n'walungwini wa Arcadia, Ekusuhi ni "Church Square" ya matimu. Tijarateni letikulu ta Miako ti kumeka exikarhi ka mfumo wa "Avenue, Vermeulen Street East, Church Street, the R104 na Blackwood Street". "Fairview Avenue" i patu leri pfalekeke leri hi rona vatirhela-mfumo ntsena va nga nghenaka eka Miako ya Union. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Union Buildings|url=https://www.google.com/maps?client=safari&rls=en&q=union+buildings&oe=UTF-8&um=1&hl=en&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&tab=il&tbo=0|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220209182046/https://www.google.com/maps?client=safari&rls=en&q=union+buildings&oe=UTF-8&um=1&hl=en&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&tab=il&tbo=0|archive-date=9 February 2022|accessdate=9 February 2022|website=Google Maps}}</ref> Hambi leswi kungari exikarhi ka Pretoria, Union Buildings yitshama eka ndzhawu yale henhla swinene ya Pretoria, naswona yi endla ndzhawu ya ndzhaka ya rixaka ra Afrika Dzonga . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Union Buildings Meintjieskop Pretoria|url=http://196.35.231.29/sahra/HeritageSitesDetail.aspx?id=29886|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110529151317/http://196.35.231.29/sahra/HeritageSitesDetail.aspx?id=29886|archive-date=29 May 2011|accessdate=27 February 2009|website=South African Heritage Resources Agency}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news |date=16 December 2013 |title=Union Buildings Declared a National Heritage Site |url=http://ewn.co.za/2013/12/15/nion-Buildings-declared-a-national-heritage-site |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711195413/http://ewn.co.za/2013/12/15/nion-Buildings-declared-a-national-heritage-site |archive-date=11 July 2018 |access-date=16 December 2013 |work=Eyewitness News}}</ref> 3gbmfow42thyhrzlyfz7sa2y2uqr1ug 2 8220 42744 2026-09-29T13:37:08Z Hlaisani 12522 NDZI NGETERILE XA XIFANISO 42744 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Solanales - Solanum tuberosum - 3.jpg|thumb|XIFANISO XA MAZAMBHALA]] '''MAZAMBHALA''' Mazambhala i yin’wana ya swibyariwa swa swakudya leswi byariwaka ngopfu na ku dyiwa ngopfu emisaveni. Ti wela eka ndyangu wa nightshade, Solanaceae, naswona hi sayense titiveka tani hi Solanum tuberosum. Hambileswi timbatata hi ntolovelo ti hlamuseriwaka tanihi matsavu, xiphemu lexi vanhu va xi dyaka kahle-kahle i nsinya lowu cinciweke ehansi ka misava lowu vuriwaka tuber. Timbatata ti tekeriwa enhlokweni hikuva a ti durhi ngopfu, ti tirha hi tindlela to hambana, ta olova ku ti lulamisa, naswona ti nyika swakudya swa nkoka.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gaiani |first=Silvia |date=2020-03-24 |title=Food security and food waste: key issues |url=https://doi.org/10.19103/as.2019.0053.01 |last2=Fonseca |first2=Jorge |publisher=Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing |isbn=978-1-78676-300-6 |pages=1–36}}</ref> Timbatata tinga endla xiphemu xa swakudya leswi ringaniseriweke loko ti lulamisiwile hindlela leyi faneleke. Nhlayo ya tona ya ti carbohydrate yi endla leswaku tiva xihlovo lexi pfunaka xa matimba, kasi nhlayo ya tona ya potassium yi hoxa xandla eka ntirho wa ntolovelo wa misiha na misiha. Matamatisi yatlhela yava na vitamin C, leyinga ya nkoka eka ntirho wa masocha ya miri, ku endliwa ka collagen, na ku amukeriwa ka iron kusuka eka swakudya swa swimilani. Fibre ya tona ya swakudya, ngopfu ngopfu loko nhlonge yi hlayisiwile, yinga hoxa xandla eka ku gayiwa ka swakudya hi ndlela leyinene.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Park |first=Sunchung |last2=Shi |first2=Ainong |last3=Mou |first3=Beiquan |date=2020-03-31 |title=Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the CBF/DREB1 gene family in lettuce |url=https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-62458-1 |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=10 |issue=1 |doi=10.1038/s41598-020-62458-1 |issn=2045-2322}}</ref> I swa nkoka ku hambanyisa matamatisi hi yoxe kusuka eka switirhisiwa swa matamatisi leswi lulamisiweke swinene. Swakudya swofana na ti deep-fried chips kumbe ti crisps swinga va na mafurha yotala swinene na sodium kutlula ti plain virisiwa kumbe ti baked potatoes. Hikokwalaho, swihlawulekisi swa rihanyo swa swakudya leswi endliweke hi matamatisi aswi titsheganga hi matamatisi ntsena kambe na hi ndlela leyi swi lulamisiwaka ha yona na leswaku hi swihi swin’wana leswi cheriweke<ref>{{Cite book |date=2019-07-26 |title=Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium |url=https://doi.org/10.17226/25353 |publisher=National Academies Press |isbn=978-0-309-48834-1 |location=Washington, D.C.}}</ref> mazambhala i xibyariwa xa nkoka xa swakudya lexinga na matimu yale kule xikan’we na xiave lexikulu eka vurimi na swakudya swa vanhu. Ti nyika tikhabohaydreti, potassium, vhithamini C, vhithamini B6 ni swakudya swin’wana. Ku cinca cinca ka tona swipfumelela ku nghenisiwa eka swakudya swohambana hambana.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sawyer |first=R. L. |date=1973-05 |title=Taxonomy workshop at the International Potato Center (CIP) |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02853209 |journal=American Potato Journal |volume=50 |issue=5 |pages=180–180 |doi=10.1007/bf02853209 |issn=0003-0589}}</ref> Hambi leswi matamatisi yanga va xiphemu xa swakudya leswi ringaniseriweke, ndlela yo lulamisa i ya nkoka. mazambhala leti virisiweke, leti bakiweke kumbe letinga lulamisiwangiki ngopfu hindlela yin’wana tihambana hi swakudya na switirhisiwa swa matamatisi leswinga cheriwa munyu swinene kumbe leswi oxiweke swinene. Hiku angarhela, matamatisi yatshama yiri xibyariwa xa nkoka hikokwalaho ka ku hoxa xandla ka tona eka swakudya, ku cinca cinca, nkoka wa vurimi, xikan’we na xiave eka nsirhelelo wa misava<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Zaheer |first=Khalid |last2=Akhtar |first2=M. Humayoun |date=2014-06-12 |title=Potato Production, Usage, and Nutrition—A Review |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2012.724479 |journal=Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition |volume=56 |issue=5 |pages=711–721 |doi=10.1080/10408398.2012.724479 |issn=1040-8398}}</ref> == '''SWIKOMBISI LESWI TIRHISEWEKE''' == <references /> cdeoextyrqfd97yvcuqxxmkmjrg5kof 0 8221 42745 2026-09-29T13:41:23Z Hlaisani 12522 NDZI NGETERILE XI XIFANISO 42745 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Solanales - Solanum tuberosum - 3.jpg|thumb|XIFANISO XA MAZAMBHALA]] '''MAZAMBHALA''' Mazambhala i yin’wana ya swibyariwa swa swakudya leswi byariwaka ngopfu na ku dyiwa ngopfu emisaveni. Ti wela eka ndyangu wa nightshade, Solanaceae, naswona hi sayense titiveka tani hi Solanum tuberosum. Hambileswi timbatata hi ntolovelo ti hlamuseriwaka tanihi matsavu, xiphemu lexi vanhu va xi dyaka kahle-kahle i nsinya lowu cinciweke ehansi ka misava lowu vuriwaka tuber. Timbatata ti tekeriwa enhlokweni hikuva a ti durhi ngopfu, ti tirha hi tindlela to hambana, ta olova ku ti lulamisa, naswona ti nyika swakudya swa nkoka.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gaiani |first=Silvia |date=2020-03-24 |title=Food security and food waste: key issues |url=https://doi.org/10.19103/as.2019.0053.01 |last2=Fonseca |first2=Jorge |publisher=Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing |isbn=978-1-78676-300-6 |pages=1–36}}</ref> Timbatata tinga endla xiphemu xa swakudya leswi ringaniseriweke loko ti lulamisiwile hindlela leyi faneleke. Nhlayo ya tona ya ti carbohydrate yi endla leswaku tiva xihlovo lexi pfunaka xa matimba, kasi nhlayo ya tona ya potassium yi hoxa xandla eka ntirho wa ntolovelo wa misiha na misiha. Matamatisi yatlhela yava na vitamin C, leyinga ya nkoka eka ntirho wa masocha ya miri, ku endliwa ka collagen, na ku amukeriwa ka iron kusuka eka swakudya swa swimilani. Fibre ya tona ya swakudya, ngopfu ngopfu loko nhlonge yi hlayisiwile, yinga hoxa xandla eka ku gayiwa ka swakudya hi ndlela leyinene.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Park |first=Sunchung |last2=Shi |first2=Ainong |last3=Mou |first3=Beiquan |date=2020-03-31 |title=Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the CBF/DREB1 gene family in lettuce |url=https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-62458-1 |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=10 |issue=1 |doi=10.1038/s41598-020-62458-1 |issn=2045-2322}}</ref> I swa nkoka ku hambanyisa matamatisi hi yoxe kusuka eka switirhisiwa swa matamatisi leswi lulamisiweke swinene. Swakudya swofana na ti deep-fried chips kumbe ti crisps swinga va na mafurha yotala swinene na sodium kutlula ti plain virisiwa kumbe ti baked potatoes. Hikokwalaho, swihlawulekisi swa rihanyo swa swakudya leswi endliweke hi matamatisi aswi titsheganga hi matamatisi ntsena kambe na hi ndlela leyi swi lulamisiwaka ha yona na leswaku hi swihi swin’wana leswi cheriweke<ref>{{Cite book |date=2019-07-26 |title=Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium |url=https://doi.org/10.17226/25353 |publisher=National Academies Press |isbn=978-0-309-48834-1 |location=Washington, D.C.}}</ref> mazambhala i xibyariwa xa nkoka xa swakudya lexinga na matimu yale kule xikan’we na xiave lexikulu eka vurimi na swakudya swa vanhu. Ti nyika tikhabohaydreti, potassium, vhithamini C, vhithamini B6 ni swakudya swin’wana. Ku cinca cinca ka tona swipfumelela ku nghenisiwa eka swakudya swohambana hambana.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sawyer |first=R. L. |date=1973-05 |title=Taxonomy workshop at the International Potato Center (CIP) |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02853209 |journal=American Potato Journal |volume=50 |issue=5 |pages=180–180 |doi=10.1007/bf02853209 |issn=0003-0589}}</ref> Hambi leswi matamatisi yanga va xiphemu xa swakudya leswi ringaniseriweke, ndlela yo lulamisa i ya nkoka. mazambhala leti virisiweke, leti bakiweke kumbe letinga lulamisiwangiki ngopfu hindlela yin’wana tihambana hi swakudya na switirhisiwa swa matamatisi leswinga cheriwa munyu swinene kumbe leswi oxiweke swinene. Hiku angarhela, matamatisi yatshama yiri xibyariwa xa nkoka hikokwalaho ka ku hoxa xandla ka tona eka swakudya, ku cinca cinca, nkoka wa vurimi, xikan’we na xiave eka nsirhelelo wa misava<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Zaheer |first=Khalid |last2=Akhtar |first2=M. Humayoun |date=2014-06-12 |title=Potato Production, Usage, and Nutrition—A Review |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2012.724479 |journal=Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition |volume=56 |issue=5 |pages=711–721 |doi=10.1080/10408398.2012.724479 |issn=1040-8398}}</ref> == SWIKOMBISI LESWI TIRHISEWEKE == <references /> p4n6y2mh8qqhe0ngolactsapul5v86t 0 8222 42746 2026-09-29T13:45:27Z Blaq centia 12476 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359879934|Tshwane University of Technology]]" 42746 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yunivhesiti ya Thekinoloji ya Tshwane''' ('''TUT''' ; Afrikaans) I xivandla xa dyondzo ya le henhla [[Afrika-Dzonga|e Afirika-Dzonga]] lexi nga va kona hi ku hlanganisiwa ka tithekiniki tinharhu "Technikon Northern Gauteng, Technikon North-West na Technikon Pretoria". Loko nhlayo ya swichudeni leswi tsarisaka lembe na lembe yi kula hi xihatla, tirhikhodo ti kombisa leswaku Yunivhesiti ya Thekinoloji ya Tshwane yi fika kwalomu ka ku tlula 60,000 wa swichudeni naswona yi hundzuke xivandla lexikulu xa dyondzo ya le henhla ya vutshamo [[Afrika-Dzonga|e Afirika-Dzonga]] . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Tshwane University of Technology - NOMINATIONS/APPLICATIONS|url=https://tut.ac.za/nominations-applications#:~:text=The%20Tshwane%20University%20of%20Technology%20is%20the%20largest%20contact%20University,campuses%20and%20two%20service%20points.|accessdate=2024-05-02|website=tut.ac.za}}</ref> [[File:SWIP_WORKSHOP.jpg|thumb| Nhlengeletano Ya Ntirho Eka Tswane University Of Technology South Campus]] luuveu1nfbugxbyohkmrtpx3lvb1tvf 0 8223 42747 2026-09-29T13:49:45Z ZandileSihle 12472 LEYI I ATIKILI YA MINA YA VUNHARHU 42747 wikitext text/x-wiki '''XIRHENDZE''' Xirhendze i xiphemu xa nkondzo lexi kumekaka emakumu xa nenge,hi xitalo xirhendze xi tala ku huma magwaru hi xitsonga xale giyani kambe xi xitsonga xa hala Tzaneen na N'wamitwa swi vuriwa mbhazhukwani lexi talaka ku hima loko munhu a famba hi wona anga mbalangi swale milengeni leswi vuriwaka tintanghu, kambe hikuva vamnhu va hambana va n'wani va famba hi milenge vari hava swo mbala kambe vanga humi magwaru kumbe ti mbhazhukwana, wena unga ni swona swo mbala kumbe tintanghu loko i kandziya hansi kumbe ku kandziya mati loko ku na mpfula ehandle tita ku huma.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kim |first=Dae Joong |date=2010 |title=Comparison on the Embryological Terms between the Korean Veterinary Anatomical Terminology (2008) and the Korean Anatomical Terminology (1996)/the Korean Medical Association: Medical Terminology (2009) |url=https://doi.org/10.5625/lar.2010.26.4.439 |journal=Laboratory Animal Research |volume=26 |issue=4 |pages=439 |doi=10.5625/lar.2010.26.4.439 |issn=1738-6055}}</ref> Xirhendze xa milenge ya hina hi ntumbuluko xi omile, ku hambana ni nhlonge ya miri hinkwawo. Xirhendze xa milenge ya hina a xi na tindhawu ta mafurha, hikwalaho wu titshege hi madzana ya magidi ya tindhawu to nyuhela leswaku milenge ya hina yi tshama yi ri karhi yi tsakama.Leswi swi nga va xiphiqo eka vanhu lava nga titimeliki kahle milenge ya vona nkarhi na nkarhi, kumbe lava nga ni xiyimo xa vutshunguri—xo tanihi vuvabyi bya chukele kumbe nenge wa mutlangi—lowu vangaka ku oma milenge. Un’wana ni un’wana a nga va ni milenge leyi omeke, kambe xiyimo lexi xi tolovelekile eka vanhu lava dyuhaleke ni lava nga ni vuvabyi bya chukele.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Difference: Plantar Fasciitis vs Heel Spurs - Sydney Heel Pain|url=https://sydneyheelpain.com.au/difference-plantar-fasciitis-vs-heel-spurs/|accessdate=2026-09-29|website=https://sydneyheelpain.com.au/|language=en-AU}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Difference: Plantar Fasciitis vs Heel Spurs - Sydney Heel Pain|url=https://sydneyheelpain.com.au/difference-plantar-fasciitis-vs-heel-spurs/|accessdate=2026-09-29|website=https://sydneyheelpain.com.au/|language=en-AU}}</ref> [[File:Cracked-heels 1554x874a.jpg|466x466px]] <references /> kk4dz3d23ecaiswfg1jgk9r9lxxuqus 2 8224 42749 2026-09-29T13:53:58Z Hlaisani 12522 NDZI NGETERILE XI XIFANISO 42749 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Purple plastic bucket.jpg|thumb|XIFSNISO XA BAKITI]] '''BAKETE''' Bakiti i xibya xo olova lexi hi ntolovelo xi tirhisiwaka ku rhwala, ku hlayisa, ku hlanganisa na ku fambisa mati na swin’wana. Mabakiti yotala yana xivumbeko xale henhla lexi pfulekeke xikan’we na xikhomela lexi pfumelelaka ku tlakusiwa naku rhwala hiku olova. Hambileswi mabakiti ku nga swilo swo olova, ma pfuna emakaya, eka vurimi, eka ku aka, eka tiindasitiri ni le ka tindhawu tin’wana to tala ta vutomi bya siku na siku<ref>{{Cite book |title=Plastics. Recycled Plastics. Characterization of plastics waste |url=https://doi.org/10.3403/30097560u |publisher=BSI British Standards}}</ref> Hi ntolovelo mabakiti ya olova ku ma tirhisa, kambe switsundzuxo swo karhi i swa nkoka. Bakiti a ri fanelanga ri tatiwa ku tlula mpimo lowu nga rhwariwaka hi ndlela leyi hlayisekeke. Mabakiti yo tika ya nga vanga ku tsana ka misiha kumbe ku vaviseka loko ya tlakusiwa hi ndlela leyi hoxeke. Mabakiti lama nga na tikhemikhali ya fanele ku tiviwa kahle no tirhisiwa ntsena eka xikongomelo xa wona lexi kunguhatiweke. Swibye swa tikhemikhali a swi fanelanga ku tirhisiwa nakambe eka swakudya kumbe mati yo nwa handle ka loko xigwitsirisi xi endleriwe hi ku kongoma no pfumeleriwa hi xikongomelo xexo. Mabakiti na wona ya fanele ku hlayisiwa ya ri eka xiyimo lexinene. Swikhomo leswi pandzekeke, swirhendzevutana leswi onhakeke, kumbe mimiri leyi tshovekeke swi nga vanga ku chuluriwa kumbe ku vaviseka.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gerald G |first=Sander |date=2016-04 |title=International Organization for Standardization (ISO) |url=https://doi.org/10.1093/law:epil/9780199231690/e1887 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-923169-0}}</ref> == '''SWIHLOVO LESWI TIRHISIWEKE''' == <references /> s4nivnqbuw5a6if9cwd25eskz2p3avb 0 8225 42750 2026-09-29T13:57:38Z Hlaisani 12522 NDZI NGETERILE XI XIFANISO 42750 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Purple plastic bucket.jpg|thumb|XIFANISO XA BAKETE]] '''BAKETE''' Bakiti i xibya xo olova lexi hi ntolovelo xi tirhisiwaka ku rhwala, ku hlayisa, ku hlanganisa na ku fambisa mati na swin’wana. Mabakiti yotala yana xivumbeko xale henhla lexi pfulekeke xikan’we na xikhomela lexi pfumelelaka ku tlakusiwa naku rhwala hiku olova. Hambileswi mabakiti ku nga swilo swo olova, ma pfuna emakaya, eka vurimi, eka ku aka, eka tiindasitiri ni le ka tindhawu tin’wana to tala ta vutomi bya siku na siku<ref>{{Cite book |title=Plastics. Recycled Plastics. Characterization of plastics waste |url=https://doi.org/10.3403/30097560u |publisher=BSI British Standards}}</ref> Hi ntolovelo mabakiti ya olova ku ma tirhisa, kambe switsundzuxo swo karhi i swa nkoka. Bakiti a ri fanelanga ri tatiwa ku tlula mpimo lowu nga rhwariwaka hi ndlela leyi hlayisekeke. Mabakiti yo tika ya nga vanga ku tsana ka misiha kumbe ku vaviseka loko ya tlakusiwa hi ndlela leyi hoxeke. Mabakiti lama nga na tikhemikhali ya fanele ku tiviwa kahle no tirhisiwa ntsena eka xikongomelo xa wona lexi kunguhatiweke. Swibye swa tikhemikhali a swi fanelanga ku tirhisiwa nakambe eka swakudya kumbe mati yo nwa handle ka loko xigwitsirisi xi endleriwe hi ku kongoma no pfumeleriwa hi xikongomelo xexo. Mabakiti na wona ya fanele ku hlayisiwa ya ri eka xiyimo lexinene. Swikhomo leswi pandzekeke, swirhendzevutana leswi onhakeke, kumbe mimiri leyi tshovekeke swi nga vanga ku chuluriwa kumbe ku vaviseka.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gerald G |first=Sander |date=2016-04 |title=International Organization for Standardization (ISO) |url=https://doi.org/10.1093/law:epil/9780199231690/e1887 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-923169-0}}</ref> == SWIHLOVO LESWI TIRHISIWEKE == <references /> 3v5skq5ukuz7o44bipagz4naft6pi0v 0 8226 42751 2026-09-29T14:00:33Z Mgingiriko 12521 i added citation 42751 wikitext text/x-wiki Xingwavila i xilo lexitsongo lexi nga ni xivumbeko xa xirhendzevutani lexi hi ntolovelo xi ambariwaka eka rintiho. Xingwavila xi nga endliwa hi swilo swo hambana , swo fana ni nsuku , silivhere , platinum kumbe tinsimbi tin'wana. Xingwavila xin'wana xi va ni maribye yo saseka kumbe swifaniso swo khavisa , kasi yin'wana yi va na xivumbeko xo olova. Vanhu va ambala xingwavila ku sasekisa , ku landzela fexeni kumbe ku yimela swiendlakalo swo hlawuleka.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Gold Jewellery - Rings, Bracelets & More {{!}} DW|url=https://za.danielwellington.com/collections/gold-jewellery|accessdate=2026-09-29|website=Daniel Wellington|language=en}}</ref> [[File:Tsar Emerald Ring 4010504007716 кольцо.png|thumb|xifaniso xa xingwavila]] Xingwavila xi nga tlhela xi va ni nkoka wa ndhavuko ni wa munhu. Hi swikombiso , rhingi ya vukati yi tala ku nyikiwa hi vatekani ku komba rirhandzo , ku tinyiketela ni vukati. Rhingi yi nga tlhela yi nyikiwa munhu tani hi nyiko loko a tlangela siku ra ku velekiwa,ku vukati , ku heta tidyondzo kumbe ku fikelela swilo swa nkoka. Hikokwalaho , rhingi yi nga yimela rirhandzo , vunghana , ku tinyiketela kumbe xitsundzuxo xa nkarhi wo hlawuleka. Swihlovo https://za.danielwellington.com/collections/gold-jewellery [[Category:Fexeni]] tksvshh6o9wzn28hs7ve6imu1pbssrm 42752 42751 2026-09-29T14:01:37Z Mgingiriko 12521 i created sources 42752 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Xingwavila''' i xilo lexitsongo lexi nga ni xivumbeko xa xirhendzevutani lexi hi ntolovelo xi ambariwaka eka rintiho. Xingwavila xi nga endliwa hi swilo swo hambana , swo fana ni nsuku , silivhere , platinum kumbe tinsimbi tin'wana. Xingwavila xin'wana xi va ni maribye yo saseka kumbe swifaniso swo khavisa , kasi yin'wana yi va na xivumbeko xo olova. Vanhu va ambala xingwavila ku sasekisa , ku landzela fexeni kumbe ku yimela swiendlakalo swo hlawuleka.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Gold Jewellery - Rings, Bracelets & More {{!}} DW|url=https://za.danielwellington.com/collections/gold-jewellery|accessdate=2026-09-29|website=Daniel Wellington|language=en}}</ref> [[File:Tsar Emerald Ring 4010504007716 кольцо.png|thumb|xifaniso xa xingwavila]] Xingwavila xi nga tlhela xi va ni nkoka wa ndhavuko ni wa munhu. Hi swikombiso , rhingi ya vukati yi tala ku nyikiwa hi vatekani ku komba rirhandzo , ku tinyiketela ni vukati. Rhingi yi nga tlhela yi nyikiwa munhu tani hi nyiko loko a tlangela siku ra ku velekiwa,ku vukati , ku heta tidyondzo kumbe ku fikelela swilo swa nkoka. Hikokwalaho , rhingi yi nga yimela rirhandzo , vunghana , ku tinyiketela kumbe xitsundzuxo xa nkarhi wo hlawuleka. Swihlovo https://za.danielwellington.com/collections/gold-jewellery [[Category:Fexeni]] 1ueajwu0q4dukdye3t33unpnzwx7sir 0 8227 42753 2026-09-29T14:25:57Z Teddy577 12465 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1370263937|Menan Buttes]]" 42753 wikitext text/x-wiki North na South '''Menan Buttes''' edzonga-vuxa bya Idaho i ti cones timbirhi letoleha ta tuff cones ta vholikheno emisaveni. Tikhoni letimbirhi, leti nga ni tikhoni ta mune letitsongo leti fambisanaka, ti fambisana hi layini ya le n’walungwini-n’walungu-vupela-dyambu naswona ti vumba '''Menan Complex''' . Ti buttes ti tlakuka ka 800 feet (250 m) e henhla ka rivala leri rhendzeleke Snake River naswona ti hundza Pleistocene hi malembe, kuya kwalomu ka 10,000 YBP (Years wa malembe wungaseva kona ). South Menan Butte sweswi yi le mavokweni ya vanhu, hambiswiritano North Menan Butte i ya mani na mani naswona yi hlawuriwile tani hi ndhawu ya ntumbuluko leyi mfumghiweke na Research Natural Area hi United States Congress . Ndzawulo ya Vulawuri bya Misava ya le United States yi hlawule North Butte tanihi Ndhawu leyi Karhataka swinene hi Ntivo-mbango (ACEC). Ti volcano leti vumbaka ti Menan Buttes timbirhi vumbiweke loko basaltic magma yi hlangana na aquifer leyinga minta kumbe na precursor ya Snake River ya manguva lawa. Swiphemuphemu swa nghilazi ya vholkheno leswi vuriwaka tachylite swi endliwe loko mati ma hundzuka musi naswona ma hambanisa magma yo hisa hi ndlela leyi pfurhaka. Ti deposits ta xivumbeko xa khoni tifana swinene naswona tivumbiwa ngopfu hi tuff eka ti lapilli -size particles. Ti leyara tin’wana ta nhlengeleto ti hlayisa ti indentations, leti hlawuriweke tani hi "bomb sags", taku ndliwa tani hi ti pyroclastic particles letikulu leti fikaka eka ti leyara to olova ta tuff. 6hlnfkprtyer2fxjv536gx8u7fwayz3 0 8228 42754 2026-09-29T14:32:55Z VanBestern 12517 ndzi tsale citation 42754 wikitext text/x-wiki Bikirhi i xibye lexi tirhisiwaka ku nwa mati. Mati i ya nkoka swinene eka hina vanhu hikuva miri wa hina wulava mati leswaku wu kota kutirha kahle. Loko hinwa mati, hi titwa hiri na ntamu naswona hi kota ku endla mintirho ya hi hina ya siku na siku. Bikirhi yi pfuna munhu ku nwa mati hi ndlela yo olova. Hinga tirhisa bikirhi ekaya, exikolweni, entirhweni kumbe loko hi karhi hifamba. I swinene kuva munhu ava na bikirhi rayena leswaku a kota kunwa mati mkarhi wunwana ni wunwana. Hi fanele ku tlhela hi hlayisa bikirhi ra hina hi ri hlantswa nkarhi na nkarhi leswaku ritshama ri basile.<ref>{{Cite book |date=2026-09-17 |title=Cup |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cup&oldid=1375374064 |language=en}}</ref> Mati mapfuna miri eka swilo swo tala, ku fana ni ku pfuna miri ku hlayisa mahiselo ya wona, ku olovisa ku gayiwa ka swakudya ni ku endla leswaku hi nga heli mati. Hikokwalaho ahi dzuniseni nkoka wa mati naswona ahi tinyiketeleni ku nwa mati yo ringanela siku na siku. Bikirhi i xibye xo olova, kambe i xa nkoka swinene eka ku hlayisa miri wa hina leswaku wutshama wuri na mati. Bikirhi rina muhlovo yo hambana hambana laha hi xitalo kunga muhlovo wa wasi kumbe xitshopani. Bikirhi rina xivumbeko xo olova xi tlhela xi saseka naswona ri lehe kantsongo leswaku swi olova kuri khoma hi voko.<ref>{{Cite book |date=2026-06-19 |title=Cup (unit) |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cup_(unit)&oldid=1360154842 |language=en}}</ref> [[File:Mug MET 15422.jpg|thumb|lexi i xifaniso xa xivumbeko xa bikirhi]] Bikirhi ri tlhela riva na xikhomo lexi pfunaka kuri khoma kahle loko hi nwa mati. E handle ka bikirhi kuna swifaniso swa mabilomo yo saseka leswi ri nyikaka xivumbeko xo tsakisa. Ehenhla ka rona rina akuna nchumu lexi tirhisiwaka ku pfala leswaku mati ya nga halaki naswona kunga ngheni tyhaka. Hikokwalaho ka sweswo loko munhu a khoma bikirhi i fanele ku khoma hi vukheta leswaku mati yanga halaki naswona kunga ngheni tyhaka.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2025-04-11|title=Paper Cup Design Templates - Customisable & Ready to Use|url=https://cupprint.com/design-templates/|accessdate=2026-09-29|website=cupprint.com}}</ref> mlhtx1zjc7gwxnp0nhsyyekqnua7xwk 2 8229 42757 2026-09-29T14:35:47Z Hlaisani 12522 NDZI NGETERILE XI XIFANISO 42757 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Mopane Worm (Gonimbrasia belina) (53002541333).jpg|thumb|XIFANISO XA TOMANE KUSUKA KA MEDIA WIKIPEDIA]] '''MATOMANE''' Switsotswana swa Mopane i swakudya swa nkoka swa ndzhavuko exifundzheni xa Limpopo, e Afrika Dzonga, laha swi dyiwaka hi miganga yotala naswona switlhela swixavisiwa tani hi xihlovo xa mali. Ku nga khathariseki vito ra tona, switsotswana swa mopane a hi switsotswana hi ndlela ya sayense. I xiteji xa caterpillar lexi dyiwaka xa emperor moth, Gonimbrasia belina. Ti fambelanisiwa swinene na misinya ya mopane, leyi matluka ya yona ya nyikaka xihlovo xa nkoka xa swakudya eka switsotswana. Switsotswana swa mopane switiveka hi mavito yohambana hambana ya ndzhawu liya, kukatsa na masonja, mashonzha, amasonja, phane, na mavito yan’wana kuya hi ririmi na vaaki. A ti tekiwi tanihi swakudya ntsena kambe ni hikwalaho ka nkoka wa tona wa ndhavuko ni wa ikhonomo<ref>{{Cite web|last=Baloyi|first=Brenda|last2=Mushaphi|first2=Lindelani Fumudzani|last3=Mabapa|first3=Ngoako Solomon|date=2023-05-16|title=Determinants of obesity among rural adolescents in Vhembe district, Limpopo Province, South Africa|url=https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.05.12.23289912|accessdate=2026-09-29|website=doi.org}}</ref> Ti mopane worms ti tekiwa tani hi xihlovo xa swakudya, ngopfu ngopfu ti protein na ti minerali. Mindzavisiso ya sayense yi lavisisile xivumbeko xa swakudya swa tona naswona yi kumile leswaku switsotswana swa mopane swinga hoxa xandla swinene eka ku dyiwa ka ti protein eka swakudya. Nkoka wa tona wa swakudya wunga hambana kuya hi swilo swofana na laha tinga hlengeletiwa kona xikan’we na ndlela leyi tinga lulamisiwa naku swekiwa ha yona. Leswi swiendla leswaku switsotswana swa mopane swiva na nkoka swinene eka miganga laha swakudya swa nhova swi hoxaka xandla eka swakudya swale kaya. Hambiswiritano, ti fanele ti tekiwa tanihi xiphemu xin’we xa swakudya swo hambana-hambana ni leswi ringaniseriweke ematshan’weni yo tekiwa tanihi leswi sivaka hi ku helela swihlovo swin’wana swa swakudya <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hlongwane |first=Z.T. |last2=Siwela |first2=M. |last3=Slotow |first3=R. |last4=Munyai |first4=T.C. |date=2022-05-24 |title=Effect of geographical location, insect type and cooking method on the nutritional composition of insects consumed in South Africa |url=https://doi.org/10.3920/jiff2021.0067 |journal=Journal of Insects as Food and Feed |volume=8 |issue=5 |pages=537–556 |doi=10.3920/jiff2021.0067 |issn=2352-4588}}</ref> Switsotswana swa Mopane i swakudya swa nkoka swa xintu eXifundzheninkulu xa Limpopo. Tinyika ti protein na swakudya swin’wana, ti hoxa xandla eka mphakelo wa swakudya swale kaya, naswona ti humesa mali hiku tshovela naku xaviselana. Titlhela tiyimela xiphemu xa nkoka xa vutivi bya ndzhavuko na ndzhaka ya ndzhavuko. Hambiswiritano, vumundzuku bya ntshovelo wa mopane-worm byi titshege hi vulawuri bya vutihlamuleri. Ku lulamisiwa kahle ka swakudya na vuhlayiseki swa laveka eka vuhlayiseki, kasi ntshovelo lowu nga heriki na nhlayiso wa makhwati ya mopane swina nkoka eka ku tiyisisa leswaku tinxaka <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Potgieter |first=Martin J. |last2=Ramalivhana |first2=Naledzani |date=2020-08 |title=Data on mopane worm (Imbrasia belina) microorganisms from Limpopo Province, South Africa |url=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2020.105695 |journal=Data in Brief |volume=31 |pages=105695 |doi=10.1016/j.dib.2020.105695 |issn=2352-3409}}</ref> == '''SWIHLOVO LESWI TIRHISIWEKE''' == <references /> <references /> atks7kcw2nfnp1c2ixk20fjtoodtbin 0 8230 42758 2026-09-29T14:39:18Z Hlaisani 12522 NDZI NGETERILE XI XIFANISO 42758 wikitext text/x-wiki '''MATOMANE''' Switsotswana swa Mopane i swakudya swa nkoka swa ndzhavuko exifundzheni xa Limpopo, e Afrika Dzonga, laha swi dyiwaka hi miganga yotala naswona switlhela swixavisiwa tani hi xihlovo xa mali. Ku nga khathariseki vito ra tona, switsotswana swa mopane a hi switsotswana hi ndlela ya sayense. I xiteji xa caterpillar lexi dyiwaka xa emperor moth, Gonimbrasia belina. Ti fambelanisiwa swinene na misinya ya mopane, leyi matluka ya yona ya nyikaka xihlovo xa nkoka xa swakudya eka switsotswana. Switsotswana swa mopane switiveka hi mavito yohambana hambana ya ndzhawu liya, kukatsa na masonja, mashonzha, amasonja, phane, na mavito yan’wana kuya hi ririmi na vaaki. A ti tekiwi tanihi swakudya ntsena kambe ni hikwalaho ka nkoka wa tona wa ndhavuko ni wa ikhonomo<ref>{{Cite web|last=Baloyi|first=Brenda|last2=Mushaphi|first2=Lindelani Fumudzani|last3=Mabapa|first3=Ngoako Solomon|date=2023-05-16|title=Determinants of obesity among rural adolescents in Vhembe district, Limpopo Province, South Africa|url=https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.05.12.23289912|accessdate=2026-09-29|website=doi.org}}</ref> Ti mopane worms ti tekiwa tani hi xihlovo xa swakudya, ngopfu ngopfu ti protein na ti minerali. Mindzavisiso ya sayense yi lavisisile xivumbeko xa swakudya swa tona naswona yi kumile leswaku switsotswana swa mopane swinga hoxa xandla swinene eka ku dyiwa ka ti protein eka swakudya. Nkoka wa tona wa swakudya wunga hambana kuya hi swilo swofana na laha tinga hlengeletiwa kona xikan’we na ndlela leyi tinga lulamisiwa naku swekiwa ha yona. Leswi swiendla leswaku switsotswana swa mopane swiva na nkoka swinene eka miganga laha swakudya swa nhova swi hoxaka xandla eka swakudya swale kaya. Hambiswiritano, ti fanele ti tekiwa tanihi xiphemu xin’we xa swakudya swo hambana-hambana ni leswi ringaniseriweke ematshan’weni yo tekiwa tanihi leswi sivaka hi ku helela swihlovo swin’wana swa swakudya <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hlongwane |first=Z.T. |last2=Siwela |first2=M. |last3=Slotow |first3=R. |last4=Munyai |first4=T.C. |date=2022-05-24 |title=Effect of geographical location, insect type and cooking method on the nutritional composition of insects consumed in South Africa |url=https://doi.org/10.3920/jiff2021.0067 |journal=Journal of Insects as Food and Feed |volume=8 |issue=5 |pages=537–556 |doi=10.3920/jiff2021.0067 |issn=2352-4588}}</ref> Switsotswana swa Mopane i swakudya swa nkoka swa xintu eXifundzheninkulu xa Limpopo. Tinyika ti protein na swakudya swin’wana, ti hoxa xandla eka mphakelo wa swakudya swale kaya, naswona ti humesa mali hiku tshovela naku xaviselana. Titlhela tiyimela xiphemu xa nkoka xa vutivi bya ndzhavuko na ndzhaka ya ndzhavuko. Hambiswiritano, vumundzuku bya ntshovelo wa mopane-worm byi titshege hi vulawuri bya vutihlamuleri. Ku lulamisiwa kahle ka swakudya na vuhlayiseki swa laveka eka vuhlayiseki, kasi ntshovelo lowu nga heriki na nhlayiso wa makhwati ya mopane swina nkoka eka ku tiyisisa leswaku tinxaka <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Potgieter |first=Martin J. |last2=Ramalivhana |first2=Naledzani |date=2020-08 |title=Data on mopane worm (Imbrasia belina) microorganisms from Limpopo Province, South Africa |url=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2020.105695 |journal=Data in Brief |volume=31 |pages=105695 |doi=10.1016/j.dib.2020.105695 |issn=2352-3409}}</ref> == SWIHLOVO LESWI TIRHISIWEKE == <references /> 0vg4duz6lhs0iz9jdh4ry094flavtpx 0 8231 42759 2026-09-29T14:40:54Z Onyinye Bila 12498 I just created a topic. 42759 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Saint Appearance Rock, Fiolent, Christianity in Crimea.jpg|thumb|XIKERESTE]] Xikireste Xikireste i vukhongeri bya vanhu lava tshembhaka eka Xikwembu(Yehovha)laha byi kombisiwaka hi xihambano, vanhu va xikereste va hlangana hi siku ra masungulu ya vhiki ku nga nsoto endhawini leyi nga akiwa ku fana na yindlu laha va yi vitanaka kereke<ref>{{Cite book |last=xikereste |date=12 khotavuxika |year=1990 |title=xikireste}}</ref>, Va ambala swiambalo leswi kereke ya vona yi nga swihlawula leswaku va swiambala van'wana tikereke ta vona ati hlawulanga chumu laha vaambalaka swoiambalo swa vona kambe kuri leswo leha swi siva matsolo na ku siva xifuva eka n'wansati kambe eka va xinuna va ambala swiambalo swo siva matsolo. Vukhongheri lebyi byi sunguli e Africa Dzonga hi 1488 na Barlothemeu Dais<ref>{{Cite book |last=christinaity 1488 |first=dais |date=20 june |year=2012 |title=Christianity}}</ref> laha anga fika na valandzeri va yena a kombisa leswaku vukireste i yini na swona swiendliwa xinjhani.Loko vakierste va hlangana va hlayelana bibile, vakhongela, va nyika vumbhoni vatlhela va dzunisa xikwembu hiti ndlela to hambana. Etikerekeni ta vakireste va hlangana va fika va yimbelela tisimu , va cina , va khongela vatlhela va hlayelana bibile vatlhela vanyikela mali. Vakireste va tlhela va dyondzisana ritu ra xikwembu, vadyondzisana ku hanya kahle na vanhu , ku va na titswalu , ku kombisa rirhandzu eka vanhu kulorhi, na ku dyondzisana milawu ya khume ya la vuton'wini. Xikireste axi swi lava leswaku u dzaha kumbe u n'wa byala, loko uri mukireste u fanele u landzelela milawu yo yoleyo.Ku na tinxaka timbi ta tikereke ta xikiserte laha ku nga na ZCC,Apostle,EPCC,EPSC,FULL GOSPEL na tin'wana na tin'wana kambe hikwato ti wela eka xikereste. <references />Makhombo 9z787u9z2z4lozdz1c31mkvkfhqrz98 0 8232 42760 2026-09-29T15:13:37Z Teddy577 12465 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1357141092|Imithandazo]]" 42760 wikitext text/x-wiki " '''Imithandazo''' " i risimu ra mapiyano ra Kabza de Small na Mthunzi ku suka eka alibamu ya vona ya ntirhisano ya xitudiyo ''Isimo'' (2023). Yi humesiwe hi ti 27 Khotavuxika 2023 hi Piano Hub ehansi ka layisense yo hlawuleka ku suka eka Sony Music Entertainment Africa, yi na ku humelela ka vaendzi ku suka eka DJ Maphorisa, Sizwe Alakine, Young Stunna, na Umthakathi Kush na vuhumelerisi lebyi khomiweke hi Kabza de Small na DJ Maphorisa, <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Darangwa|first=Shangai|date=2023-11-23|title=Kabza De Small and Mthunzi's 'Imithandazo' closing in on 'iPlan' on charts as December fever grips Mzansi|url=https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/music/local/kabza-de-small-and-mthunzis-imithandazo-closing-in-on-iplan-on-charts-as-december-fever-grips-mzansi-5e394800-b6ec-418a-b22f-24b83134698b|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114211240/https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/music/local/kabza-de-small-and-mthunzis-imithandazo-closing-in-on-iplan-on-charts-as-december-fever-grips-mzansi-5e394800-b6ec-418a-b22f-24b83134698b|archive-date=2024-01-14|accessdate=2024-01-14|website=[[Independent Online]]}}</ref>nhlengeletano lowu wutiveka tani hi Scorpion Kings. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Scorpion Kings: "Amapiano hasn't even reached its full potential"|url=https://mixmag.net/feature/scorpion-kings-interview-sonar-festival-amapiano-dj-maphorisa-kabza-de-small-barcelona|accessdate=2024-01-14|website=Mixmag}}</ref> Hambi leswi risimu ringa humesiwani riri roxe, hi Nyenyankulu 2023 risimu leri a ri landza risimu ra vumbirhi ra nomboro yo leha nomboro yin'we eka 2023 " iPlan " eka The Official South African Charts . <ref name=":0" /> Risimu leri ri hete ri tlula "iPlan" kutani ri va rosungula eka ti Official South African Charts, <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Local & International Streaming Chart Top 10 Week 1-2024|url=https://theofficialsacharts.co.za/charts/local-international-streaming-chart-top-10-week-1-2024/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114184910/https://theofficialsacharts.co.za/charts/local-international-streaming-chart-top-10-week-1-2024/|archive-date=2024-01-14|accessdate=2024-01-14|website=TOSAC|language=en-GB}}</ref> na <nowiki><i id="mwJg">Billboard</i></nowiki> South Africa Songs chart hi sunguti 2024, naswona ri vekiwile eka nomboro yin'we ya risimu leri nga trending eAfrika-Dzonga hi ''The South African'' . <ref>{{Cite web|last=Charles|first=Arnold|date=2024-01-08|title=YouTube Music: Top 18 Trending Songs in South Africa (Video)|url=http://www.thesouthafrican.com/culture/entertainment/youtube-music-top-18-trending-songs-in-south-africa-video-breaking-8-january-2024/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114213108/https://www.thesouthafrican.com/culture/entertainment/youtube-music-top-18-trending-songs-in-south-africa-video-breaking-8-january-2024/|archive-date=2024-01-14|accessdate=2024-01-14|website=The South African|language=en-ZA}}</ref> "Imithandazo" won 3 awards for Song of the Year, Best Collaboration, Best Amapiano at [[18th Metro FM Music Awards]]. In addition the song received nomination for Motsepe Foundation Record of the Year at 30th ceremony of South African Music Awards. In 2025, the song received two nominations for Best Producer, and Best DJ at Trace Awards. {{awards table}} !{{abbr|Ref.|References}} |- |rowspan=4|2024 |rowspan=6 div style="text-align: center";>| "Imithandazo" | Song of the Year |{{won}} |rowspan=3|<ref>{{cite web|title=Tyla leads Metro FM Awards nominations followed by Kabza De Small and Tyler ICU |work=Independent Online |access-date=2024-03-28|url=https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/music/local/tyla-leads-metro-fm-awards-nominations-followed-by-kabza-de-small-and-tyler-icu-70a62ce5-fd27-435a-b960-5b3ad62e7851}}</ref> |- | Best Collaboration |{{won}} |- |Best Amapiano |{{won}} |- |Motsepe Foundation Record of the Year |{{nom}} |<ref>{{cite web|title=Countdown to 30th SAMA Awards is underway|work=Bona Magazine|url=https://www.bona.co.za/entertainment/countdown-to-30th-sama-awards-is-underway/|access-date=2024-08-14|first=Nomonde|last= Simelane}}</ref> |- |rowspan=2|2025 |Best DJ |{{pending}} |rowspan=2|<ref>{{cite web|first=Ano|last=Shumba|access-date=2025-01-06|work=Music in Africa|date=2025-01-01|url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/trace-awards-2025-all-nominees|title=Trace Awards 2025: All the nominees}}</ref> |- |Best Producer |{{pending}} {{end}}{{Reflist}} 122fntzsdj4bm645rtj3m0w512mnxqa 0 8233 42764 2026-09-29T15:45:35Z Nadia Jay 12491 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1336493033|Vangueria infausta]]" 42764 wikitext text/x-wiki {{speciesbox|name=African medlar|image=Vangueria infausta, habitus, Ncagaberg, a.jpg|image_caption=|taxon=Vangueria infausta|authority=[[William John Burchell|Burch.]]}} '''''Vangueria infausta''''', '''medlar''' kumbe '''African medlar''', i muxaka wa ximilani xa ndyangu wa Rubiaceae, lexi tumbulukaka e Dzongeni na le vuxeni bya Afrotropics. Mavito man'wana ya ''V. infausta'' eka tindzimi ta le Dzongeni wa Afrika ya katsa '''Mpfilwa''' hi [[Xitsonga]], '''ngayi''' hi xi Tonga, '''mmilo''' hi xi Sotho xa le N'walungwini, '''muzwilu''' hi xi Venḓa, '''umviyo''' hi xi Ndebele xa le Dzongeni, '''mothwani''' hi Xitswana na '''umtulwa''' hi xi Zulu. <ref name="mmilotours.com">{{Cite web|title=About Mmilo Tours in South Africa: SA National Park Tours|url=https://www.mmilotours.com/about_us.html}}</ref> <ref name="southafrica.co.za">{{Cite web|title=Wild Medlar - South African Indigenous Fruit|url=https://southafrica.co.za/wild-medlar-fruit.html}}</ref> <ref name="pza.sanbi.org">{{Cite web|title=Vangueria infausta &#124; PlantZAfrica|url=http://pza.sanbi.org/vangueria-infausta}}</ref> <ref name="randomharvest.co.za">{{Cite web|title=Vangueria infausta wild medlar wilde mispel mpfilwa mmilo muzwilu, mavelo umviyo, umtulwa umvilo umbizo, umviyo mmilo, mothwany umvile, amantulwane|url=https://www.randomharvest.co.za/South-African-Indigenous-Plants/Show-Plant/PlantId/202/Plant/Vangueria-infausta?Filter=All}}</ref> Mihandzu ya kona yi dyiwa hi vanhu naswona yina nantswo wotsakisa wofana na apula. Vito ro karhi ''ra infausta'' ri kombetela eka vukholwa-hava bya leswaku moya wo biha wu hanya endzeni ka nsinya na khombo kusuka eka ku tirhisiwa ka wona tani hi tihunyi leswi ku vuriwaka leswaku swi ‘pfula’ moya wo biha kusuka eka tihunyi. <ref name="sappi">{{Cite book |last=Thomas |first=Val |year=2001 |title=Sappi tree spotting: Highlands: Highveld, Drakensberg, Eastern Cape mountains |last2=Rina Grant |publisher=Jacana |isbn=978-1-77009-561-8 |edition=3rd |location=Johannesburg |page=264}}</ref> Mavito yotala ya ndzhavuko ya xi Afrika ya ''V. infausta'' ya huma eka Prot-Bantu [[wiktionary:Reconstruction:Proto-Bantu/mɪ̀dɪ̀dò|mìdìdò]] (vunyingi bya "ndzilo"). <ref name="mmilotours.com" /> <ref name="southafrica.co.za" /> <ref name="pza.sanbi.org" /> <ref name="randomharvest.co.za" /> == Nhlamuselo == Misinya leyi yina marhavi yale hansi <ref name="sappi" /> naswona yitala kuva yitsongo kambe yinga fika eka 8 wati mitara hiku leha..Tina marhavi lawa ya rhetaka naswona yana makwandzasi ya buraweni wotshuka, ya xirhendzevutani. <ref name="agro">{{Cite web|date=2009|title=''Vangueria infausta'', Rubiaceae|url=http://www.worldagroforestry.org/af/treedb/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171023084159/http://www.worldagroforestry.org/af/treedb/|archive-date=23 October 2017|accessdate=30 October 2012|website=Agroforestree Database:a tree reference and selection guide version 4.0|publisher=worldagroforestry.org}}</ref> Matluka lawa yakulu swinene, lawa yanga tsindziyela yana matlhelo hinkwawo naswona ya cinca cinca nyana hi xivumbeko. Tina lunghiselelo leri hambaneke na net-veining leyi vonakaka ehansi. <ref name="agro" /> Matluka lawa yantsongo yana xivumbeko xa xikepe naswona ya tlhelela endzhaku kuya hi misiha yale xikarhi. <ref name="sappi" /> Swirhabyani swo tsindiyela swa swiluva swa rihlaza leswi tiyeke swikula kusuka eka swirhabyani leswinga na tinhla hi ximun’wana. Xiluva xin’wana na xin’wana xa velvety xi kwalomu ka 4&nbsp;wa timitara hiku leha na 6&nbsp;wa timitara hiku anama, naswona ti rhwariwe eka ti cymes leti hambaneke na ta axillary . <ref name="agro" /> Corolla yi hoxiwa ka ha ri na nkarhi. Mihandzu leyi ekusunguleni ya rihlaza na ku hatima yivonaka hi ximumu, naswona yi tswala masalela ya calyx ku rhendzela makumu ya yona. <ref name="sappi" /> Tikula ti va ti plums letinga na xivumbeko lexinga ringaniki, leti hatimaka, ta muhlovo wo tani, letingana ti fleshy pulp to olova xikan’we na mbewu leyikulu swinene. <ref name="agro" /> == Mpimo == Xihlahla lexi kumbe murhi lowutsongo wu kumeka hi xitalo etindhawini ta makhwati, eka swihlahla, eminkoveni, ti- kopjes leti nga na maribye, kumbe etindhawini leti nga ni misava eka xiphemu lexikulu xa Afrika Dzonga na le Vuxeni, ku katsa na Madagascar. E Afrika ritumbuluka e [[Uganda]], [[Khenya|Kenya]], [[Tanzania]], [[Malawi]], [[Muzambhiki|Mozambique]], [[Zambiya|Zambia]], [[Zimbabwe]], [[Namibia]], [[Botswana]] na [[Afrika-Dzonga|Afrika Dzonga]] . <ref name="agro" /> Yi nga ha kumeka ku sukela eka 350 <ref name="agro" /> ku ya eka 1,330 m ehenhla ka vuandlalo bya lwandle. <ref name="sappi" /> == Matirhiselo == African medlar i ximilani xa swakudya swa ndhavuko [[Afrika|eAfrika]]. Muhandzu lowu wunga tivekiki ngopfu wuna vuswikoti byo antswisa swakudya, ku tlakusa nsirhelelo wa swakudya, ku kurisa nhluvukiso wa le makaya naku seketela nhlayiso wa misava lowu nga heriki. <ref>{{Cite book |last=National Research Council |date=2008-01-25 |title=Lost Crops of Africa: Volume III: Fruits |url=http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=11879 |publisher=National Academies Press |isbn=978-0-309-10596-5 |volume=3 |chapter=Medlars |access-date=2008-08-01 |chapter-url=http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=11879&page=301}}</ref> Mihandzu yi dyiwa yinga swekiwanga kutani pulp yinga omisiwa kutani yi hlayisiwa leswaku yita tirhisiwa endzhaku, kasi mbewu yinga oxiwa. <ref name="agro" /> Timbuti na swiharhi swi pfula matluka, kasi swiharhi swin’wana swinga dya mihandzu eka nsinya, kumbe endzhaku kaloko swi halatiwe ehansi. <ref name="sappi" /> <ref name="agro" /> Timintsu na matluka ya tirhisiwa hi vatshunguri va xintu. <ref name="sappi" /> <ref name="agro" /> Swirhabyani swo olova swi tala ku tala hi switsotswana leswi tshukatshukaka.<gallery> File:Vangueria_infausta,_loof,_Walter_Sisulu_NBT.jpg|alt=The boat-shaped leaves| Matluka ya xivumbeko xa xikepe. File:Acalitus_mallyi-mytgalle_op_Vangueria_infausta,_Pretoria.jpg|alt=Acalitus mite galls on leaves| ''Acalitus'' mite galls eka matluka. File:Vangueria_infausta,_blomme,_Schanskop,_b.jpg|alt=Flowers| Swiluva. File:Vangueria_infausta,_vrug,_Schanskop.jpg|alt=Fruit| Mihandzu. </gallery> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Taxonbar|from=Q7914865}} 22m6x91umbm5c1attuw9s858dyob0ls 0 8234 42765 2026-09-29T16:00:29Z Salivary 12474 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1376489378|Library]]" 42765 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Layiburari''' i nhlengeleto wa tibuku, swin'we ni swilo swin'wana ni switirhisiwa swa mahungu, leswi kumekaka leswaku swi tirhisiwa hi swirho swa yona na swirho swa swivandla leswi fambisanaka na yona. Tilayiburari ti nyika swilo swa xiviri (tikopi to nonon'hwa) kumbe swa xidijitali (tikopi ro olova), naswona yi nga va ndhawu ya xiviri, ndhawu ya xivhichuwali kumbe haswimbirhi. Nhlengeleto wa layiburari hi ntolovelo wu katsa swilo leyi kandziyisiweke leswi nga lombiwaka, naswona hi ntolovelo wu tlhela wu katsa xiyenge xa tinhlamuselo ta minkandziyiso leyi nga tirhisiwaka ntsena endzeni ka muako. Switirhisiwa swo fana na tifilimi ta mabindzu, Minongonoko ya thelevhixini, tivhidiyo tin'wana leti rhekhodiweke, xiya-ni-moya, vuyimbeleri na tirhekhodo ta mpfumawulo swi nga kumeka hi tindlela to tala. Leswi swi katsa Ti-DVD, Ti-Blu-ray, Ti-CD, Tikhasete, kumbe ti-format tin'wana to fana na microform. Ti nga ha tlhela ti nyika ku fikelela mahungu, vuyimbeleri kumbe rungula rin'wana leri hlayisiweke eka Ti-database ta tibuku. Ku engetela kwalaho, tilayiburari tin'wana ti nyika [[wiktionary:maker|vaendli]] va tilayiburi tindhawu to gandlisa leti nyikaka ku nghena eka xitichi xo gandlisa xa 3D lexi nga ni muchini wo kambela wa 3D.<ref> {{Cite web|title=Creation Station|url=https://www.natronacountylibrary.org/creation-station/|accessdate=2025-05-23|website=Natrona County Library|language=en-US}}</ref> pupk8ckvayce7ba47f17f6qz4gbfdzw 0 8235 42767 2026-09-29T16:27:05Z Salivary 12474 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1377096127|Wedding]]" 42767 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Vukati|Mucato]] i nkhuvo lowu eka wona vanhu vambirhi va hlanganisiwaka hi vukati. [[Ndzhavuko|Micato ya ndhavuko]] na mindhavuko swa hambana swinene hi ku ya hi mindhavuko, tinxaka, [[Vukhongeri]], mintlawa, Matiko, Swiyenge swa ntshamisano na rimbewu. Minkhuvo yo tala ya mucato yi katsa ku cincana ka swihlambanyo swa vukati hi mpatswa; ku nyikeriwa ka nyiko (xik. gandzelo, swingwavila, nchumu wo fanekisela, swiluva, mali, kumbe nguvu); na xitiviso xa vukati hi munhu wa matimba kumbe muendli wa nkhuvo. Swiambalo swo hlawuleka swa mucato swi tala ku ambariwa, naswona nkhuvo minkarhi yin'wana wu landzeriwa hi nkhuvo wa mucato. Vuyimbeleri, vutlhokovetseri, swikhongelo, kumbe ku hlayiwa ka matsalwa ya vukhongeri kumbe tibuku na swona swi tala ku katsiwa eka nkhuvo, xikan'we ni mikhuva ya vukholwa-hava. rw4mdh9g04u8a1fy1w8hshgdb9emzi7 0 8236 42768 2026-09-29T16:29:21Z VanBestern 12517 Ndzi humelerise atikili ya Petirolo 42768 wikitext text/x-wiki Petirolo i muxaka wa mafurha lowu tirhisiwaka ngopfu eka swofamba swotani hi mimovha. Yi endliwa hi ku lulamisa mafurha lama humaka ehamsi ka misava lawa ya vitaniwaka crude oil. Petirolo i ya nkoka swinene eka kufambisa vanhu ni swilo ku suka endhawini yinwana kuya ek ya a yinwana.Mimovha yotala kukatsa na mimovha ya vanhu, thekisi na mimovha yinwana yi tirhisa petirolo leswaku njhini yi kota ku tirha. Loko movha wu ri hava petirolo awu nge swikoti kufamba. Hikokwalaho ka sweswo vanhu vaya eswiticini swo chela mafurha kuya chela petirolo eka timovha tavona leswaku tita kota kufamba.<ref>{{Cite book |date=2026-09-24 |title=Petroleum |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Petroleum&oldid=1376407010 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |date=2026-09-24 |title=Petroleum |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Petroleum&oldid=1376407010 |language=en}}</ref> Loko munhu aya eswiticini swochela petirolo u fanele kuva na vukheta swinene hikuva petirolo yi tala kupfurha hi kuolova. A swi fanelanga ku tshiveriwa ndzilo kumbe kudzaha fole ekusuhi na petirolo. Vatirhi va le garajini va pfuna vafambisi ku tata mathangi ya mimovha hi petirolo. Petirolo yi pfuna swinene eka vumaki bya masiku lawa kambe yitlhela yiva na nghozi swinene eka mbango. Loko mimovha yi hisa petirolo yi humesa moya lowu nga tyhakisaka moya lowu hiwu hefemulaka. Hikokwalaho iswa nkoka ku tirhisa petirolo hi ndlela leyi faneleke niku hlayisa mbango.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Cagle|first=Alison|date=2023-03-16|title=There's a Biodiversity Crisis, and Oil and Gas Are Making It Worse|url=https://earthjustice.org/article/biodiversity-crisis-fossil-fuels|accessdate=2026-09-29|website=Earthjustice|language=en-US}}</ref> [[File:London Borough of Hillingdon, Shell Petrol Station - geograph.org.uk - 5726521.jpg|thumb|Lexi i xifaniso xa le xitchini xa mafurha laha ku cheliwaku petirolo]] Hiku gimeta petirolo i xiphemu xa nkoka eka ku fambisa migingiriko ya masiku hinkwawo. Yi endla leswaku mimovha yikota kufamba ni ku pfuna vanhu kuya etindhawini to hambana hambana. Hambi swiritano hifanele ku yi tirhisa hi vukheta naswona hi fanele kutlhela hi anakanya hi tindlela hinkwato leti nga hungutaka ku tyhakisiwa ka mbango.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Petroleum|url=https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/petroleum|accessdate=2026-09-29|website=education.nationalgeographic.org|language=en}}</ref> btf1jjsrgckixleon9xvcm83ygzc33f 0 8237 42771 2026-09-29T16:42:21Z VanBestern 12517 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1375079901|Pen]]" 42771 wikitext text/x-wiki   [[File:Carandache_Ecridor.jpg|thumb|200x200px| Peni ya xiyimo xa le henhla]] '''Pene''' ( /p ɛ n / . N ) i xitirhi lexi tolovelekeke xo tsala lexi chelaka inki eka nchumu wo karhi, hi ntolovelo ephepheni, leswaku xi tsala kumbe ku dirowa . Tipeni to sungula tofana na ti pene to tshwuka, ti pene ta khwili, ti pene ta dipi na tipene to rhula ati khoma nhlayo yintsongo ya inki eka thumbhu kumbe eka xivandla lexi ntsongo kumbe mbovo leyi ayi fanele ku tlhela yi chajiwa nkarhi na nkarhi hiku nghenisa nhloko ya pene eka thunbhu . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Johannessen |first=Christian Mosbæk |date=2017-09-18 |title=The Materiality of Writing: A Trace Making Perspective |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L8orDwAAQBAJ&dq=Early+pens+such+as+reed+pens,+quill+pens,+dip+pens+and+ruling+pens+held+a+small+amount+of+ink&pg=PT145 |last2=Leeuwen |first2=Theo van |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-134-98646-0 |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book |last=Greetham |first=David C. |date=2015-10-28 |title=Textual Scholarship: An Introduction |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RDJ4nTA_3Z8C&dq=Early+pens+such+as+reed+pens,+quill+pens,+dip+pens+and+ruling+pens+held+a+small+amount+of+ink&pg=PA65 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-75579-8 |language=en}}</ref> Namuntlha, tipene to tani ti kuma ntsena nhlayo yintsongo ya matirhiselo yo hlawuleka, yo tanihi eka swifaniso ni ku tsala hi ku tsala . Tipene ta nhlanga, tipene ta khwili na tipene to dipa, leti a ti tirhisiwa ku tsala, ti siviwe hi tipene ta balipene, tipene ta rhola, tipene ta fawunteni na tipene ta seramiki . Tipene leti fumaka leti a ti tirhisiwa ku dirowa hi vutshila ni ku endla mimepe. Ti siviwe hi tipene ta vutshila to tanihi Rapidograph . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Emmons |first=Paul |date=2019-04-01 |title=Drawing Imagining Building: Embodiment in Architectural Design Practices |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DwaQDwAAQBAJ&dq=ruling+pens+replaced+by+technical+pen&pg=PT148 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-317-17952-8 |language=en}}</ref> Tipene leti hinkwato ta manguva lawa ti ni swihlayiselo swa inki swa le ndzeni, lero a swi lavi ku nghenisiwa eka inki loko u ri karhi u tsala. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Silva |first=Patricia |date=2009 |title=Modern Times |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mqWnV8jI2vEC&dq=modern+pens+contain+internal+ink+reservoirs,&pg=PA11 |last2=Pauli |first2=Erika |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |isbn=978-0-7614-4322-3 |language=en}}</ref>   Vagipta va khale a va sungula ku tsala eka tibuku nsongwa ta papirasi loko vatsari va tirhisa TIburashi To olova ya tinhlanga kumbe tipene ta tinhlanga leti humaka e ''Juncus maritimus'' kumbe e sea rush. Eka buku ya yena matimu ya matsalwa , Steven Roger Fischer u ringanyeta, kuya hi leswi kumiweke e Saqqara, leswaku pene ya nhlanga yingava kahle yi tirhisiwile eka ku tsala eka parchment khale swinene tani hi dayinasty yo sungula, kumbe kwalomu ka 3000 BC. Tipene ta nhlanga ti ye emahlweni ti tirhisiwa ku fikela hi Malembe ya le xikarhi, kambe hakantsongo-ntsongo ti siviwe hi ti- quill ta kwalomu ka lembe-xidzana ra vu-7. Peni ya nhlanga, leyi endliweke hi nhlanga kumbe bamboo, ya ha tirhisiwa etindhawini tin’wana ta le Pakistan hi swichudeni leswitsongo, naswona yi tirhisiwa ku tsala eka tibodo leti ntsongo ta mapulanga. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Farah |first=Iffat |date=1991-10-01 |title=School ka sabaq: Literacy in a girls' primary school in rural Pakistan |url=https://repository.upenn.edu/wpel/vol7/iss2/3 |url-status=live |journal=Working Papers in Educational Linguistics |volume=7 |issue=2 |issn=1548-3134 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211104183931/https://repository.upenn.edu/wpel/vol7/iss2/3/ |archive-date=2021-11-04 |access-date=2021-08-01}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=April 2013|title=Evolution of pen - From Reed Pen to 3Doodler - Spinfold|url=http://www.spinfold.com/evolution-of-pen/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501031206/https://www.spinfold.com/evolution-of-pen/|archive-date=2021-05-01|accessdate=2017-11-30|website=www.spinfold.com|language=en-US}}</ref> qarhqoltstout0pyjlq5wv2n70lr26v 0 8238 42775 2026-09-29T16:51:33Z NwaMasingita 12492 i added a category 42775 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ribye''' i swilo leswi tiyeke swa ntumbuluko leswi vumbiwaka hi minerali yin'we kumbe ku hundza. Ma vumbiwa hi maendlelo ya ntumbuluko ya swa misava eka nkarhi wo leha swinene. Ribye i xinw'ana xa swilo swa khale swinene leswi vanhu va swi tirhiseke ku aka , ku endla switirhisiwa, swifaniso na switsundzuxo.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Winkler |first=E.M |year=1997 |title=Stonr in Architecture:Properties, Durability |edition=3rd}}</ref> '''Ribye ri vumbisiwa ku yini?''' Maribye yo tala ya ntumbuluko ya ya avanyisiwa hi swiyenge swinharhu leswikulu: * Maribye ya [[Igneous]]- ma vumbiwa loko magma kumbe lava leyi hisaka yi hola yi tlhela yi tiya. Xikombiso i [[granite na basalt]] * Maribye ya [[Sedimentary]]- ma vumbiwa hi swilo leswi hlengeletanaka swo fana na misava, sava kumbe swiphemu swa maribye leswi tshamaka swi hlanganile naswona swi tiya hi ku famba ka nkarhi. Swikombiso i [[sandstone]] na [[limestone]]. * Maribye ya Metamorphic- ma vumbiwa loko ribye leri a ri ri kona ri cinca xivumbeko hi mhaka yaku hisa swinene, ntshikelelo kumbe ku cinca ka swilo swa tikhemikhali. Swikombiso i [[marble]] na [[slate]]. Maendlelo lawa ma hlanganile eka leswi vitaniwaka rock cycle laha maribye ma nga cincaka ku suka eka muxaka wun'we ku ya eka wun'wana hi ku famba ka nkarhi.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Siegesmud S & Snethlage R |year=2014 |title=Stone in Architecture:Properties, Durability |edition=5th}}</ref> [[File:Hampi, India, Rocky landscape of Hampi, Granite rocks of Matanga Hill.jpg|thumb|Maribye ya granite]] '''Muxaka wa maribye ya ntumbuluko.''' {| class="wikitable" |+ !Ribye !Muxaka !Matirhiselo ya rona |- |Granite |Igneous |Swirhapa, miako na switsundzuxo |- |Marble |Metamorphic |Swirhapa, swifaniso, miako ni switsundzuxo |- |Limestone |Sedimentary |Ku endla cement, miako ni ndlela |} Nkoka wa ribye Ribye i ra nkoka hikuva hi ntolovelo ri tiyile, ri hlawulekile naswona ri kumeka hi ntumbuluko. Maribye man'wana ma nga kota ku hanya madzana kumbe magidi ya malembe loko mahlawuriwile kahle naswona ma hlayisiwa. Hambiswiritano ku cela ribye emigodini ku ri fambisa ni ku ri lulamisa swi nga va ni mbuyelo eka mbango. Hikokwalaho i swa nkoka ku tekela enhlokweni laha ribye ri humaka kona ni ndlela leyi ri humesiwaka ni ku tirhisiwa ha yona.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Langer |first=W.H. |year=2001 |title=Dimension Stone}}</ref> [[File:Giant Marbles in Joshua Tree National Park.jpg|thumb|I xifanisa le xi kombisaka maribye ya [[marble]]]]'''Swikombo''' <references />{{DEFAULTSORT:Ribye}} [[Category:Ribye]] [[Category:Ntumbuluko]] bn0jcq2wofmibbbqvosjf2i9ouhnx9g 0 8239 42779 2026-09-29T17:11:08Z Ndzhaka23 12466 created a topic 42779 wikitext text/x-wiki NYANDZA YA TIHUNYI '''Nyandza ya tihunyi''' p7o11hefewc59fz7x1yc34j61v2rtha 42781 42779 2026-09-29T17:26:37Z Ndzhaka23 12466 ni tatise swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke 42781 wikitext text/x-wiki NYANDZA YA TIHUNYI [[File:Firewood supply in Zell 02.jpg|thumb|xifaniso xa nyandza ya tihunyi]] '''Nyandza ya tihunyi''' eka miganga yo tala ya le makaya, nyandza ya tihunyi i xihlovo xa nkoka lexi tirhisiwaka ku sweka swakudya ni ku kufumeta mindyangu. Vanhu, ngopfungopfu vatswari na vana, va talaka ku ya nhoveni ku hlengeleta tihunyi leswaku ku tshama ku ri na leti ringaneke ekaya. Loko ku ri nkarhi wo sweka, tihunyi teto ti vaseriwa ndzilo leswaku ku lunghekisiwa swakudya swa ndyangu. Hikwalaho, nyandza ya tihunyi yi tlanga xiave xa nkoka eka vutomi bya siku na siku. Yi tlhela yi pfuna mindyangu leyi nga riki na gezi kumbe gasi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mampane |first=Ruth M. |last2=Omidire |first2=Margaret F. |last3=Aluko |first3=Folake Ruth |date=2018-11-30 |title=Decolonising higher education in Africa: Arriving at a glocal solution |url=https://doi.org/10.15700/saje.v38n4a1636 |journal=South African Journal of Education |volume=38 |issue=4 |pages=1–9 |doi=10.15700/saje.v38n4a1636 |issn=0256-0100}}</ref> Ku hlengeleta tihunyi a hi ntirho wo olova hikuva wu lava nkarhi ni matimba. Vanhu van'wana va boheka ku famba mpfhuka wo leha va lava tihunyi leti omeke naswona leti faneleke ku tirhisiwa. Leswi swi dyondzisa vanhu nkoka wa ku tirha hi matimba ni ku tlhela va va ni vutihlamuleri eka mindyangu ya vona. Hi ku tirhisa tihunyi hi ndlela leyinene, mindyangu yi kota ku lulamisa swakudya swa yona hi masiku hinkwawo. Leswaku vutomi byi ya emahlweni kahle, vanhu va fanele ku hlayisa switirhisiwa leswi va swi kumaka eka ntumbuluko.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=1962-01 |title=Section Headings and Reference System |url=https://doi.org/10.1177/000608446201300105 |journal=The Bible Translator |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=24–24 |doi=10.1177/000608446201300105 |issn=2051-6770}}</ref> Hambiswiritano, ku tsema mirhi ku tlula mpimo swi nga vanga ku herisiwa ka swihlahla ni ku onhaka ka mbango. Loko ku nga ri na mirhi yo ringana, swi va swa tika ku kuma tihunyi eka nkarhi lowu taka. Hikokwalaho, vanhu va khutaziwa ku byala mirhi leyintshwa loko va tseme yin'wana. Ku hlayisa mbango swi pfuna leswaku switukulwana leswi taka na swona swi vuyeriwa eka switirhisiwa swa ntumbuluko. Kutani nyandza ya tihunyi a yi fanelanga ku langutiwa ntsena tanihi xihlovo xa ndzilo, kambe tanihi xuma lexi faneleke ku hlayisiwi.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mathonsi|first=Mthabisi Vitalis|date=2025-12-19|title=A Sustainable Urban Infrastructure Planning Framework: Lessons from Sanitation Infrastructure Collapse in Cosmo City, Johannesburg|url=https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8109161/v1|accessdate=2026-09-29|website=doi.org}}</ref> Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke nu4ekjwoz8u989wu2c3gukr247ujlue 42782 42781 2026-09-29T17:28:19Z Ndzhaka23 12466 ni lungise swihlovo 42782 wikitext text/x-wiki NYANDZA YA TIHUNYI [[File:Firewood supply in Zell 02.jpg|thumb|xifaniso xa nyandza ya tihunyi]] '''Nyandza ya tihunyi''' eka miganga yo tala ya le makaya, nyandza ya tihunyi i xihlovo xa nkoka lexi tirhisiwaka ku sweka swakudya ni ku kufumeta mindyangu. Vanhu, ngopfungopfu vatswari na vana, va talaka ku ya nhoveni ku hlengeleta tihunyi leswaku ku tshama ku ri na leti ringaneke ekaya. Loko ku ri nkarhi wo sweka, tihunyi teto ti vaseriwa ndzilo leswaku ku lunghekisiwa swakudya swa ndyangu. Hikwalaho, nyandza ya tihunyi yi tlanga xiave xa nkoka eka vutomi bya siku na siku. Yi tlhela yi pfuna mindyangu leyi nga riki na gezi kumbe gasi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mampane |first=Ruth M. |last2=Omidire |first2=Margaret F. |last3=Aluko |first3=Folake Ruth |date=2018-11-30 |title=Decolonising higher education in Africa: Arriving at a glocal solution |url=https://doi.org/10.15700/saje.v38n4a1636 |journal=South African Journal of Education |volume=38 |issue=4 |pages=1–9 |doi=10.15700/saje.v38n4a1636 |issn=0256-0100}}</ref> Ku hlengeleta tihunyi a hi ntirho wo olova hikuva wu lava nkarhi ni matimba. Vanhu van'wana va boheka ku famba mpfhuka wo leha va lava tihunyi leti omeke naswona leti faneleke ku tirhisiwa. Leswi swi dyondzisa vanhu nkoka wa ku tirha hi matimba ni ku tlhela va va ni vutihlamuleri eka mindyangu ya vona. Hi ku tirhisa tihunyi hi ndlela leyinene, mindyangu yi kota ku lulamisa swakudya swa yona hi masiku hinkwawo. Leswaku vutomi byi ya emahlweni kahle, vanhu va fanele ku hlayisa switirhisiwa leswi va swi kumaka eka ntumbuluko.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=1962-01 |title=Section Headings and Reference System |url=https://doi.org/10.1177/000608446201300105 |journal=The Bible Translator |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=24–24 |doi=10.1177/000608446201300105 |issn=2051-6770}}</ref> Hambiswiritano, ku tsema mirhi ku tlula mpimo swi nga vanga ku herisiwa ka swihlahla ni ku onhaka ka mbango. Loko ku nga ri na mirhi yo ringana, swi va swa tika ku kuma tihunyi eka nkarhi lowu taka. Hikokwalaho, vanhu va khutaziwa ku byala mirhi leyintshwa loko va tseme yin'wana. Ku hlayisa mbango swi pfuna leswaku switukulwana leswi taka na swona swi vuyeriwa eka switirhisiwa swa ntumbuluko. Kutani nyandza ya tihunyi a yi fanelanga ku langutiwa ntsena tanihi xihlovo xa ndzilo, kambe tanihi xuma lexi faneleke ku hlayisiwi.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mathonsi|first=Mthabisi Vitalis|date=2025-12-19|title=A Sustainable Urban Infrastructure Planning Framework: Lessons from Sanitation Infrastructure Collapse in Cosmo City, Johannesburg|url=https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8109161/v1|accessdate=2026-09-29|website=doi.org}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == qboo43szpfg03zs4rpzdj1ynqlckwwv 42784 42782 2026-09-29T17:30:57Z Ndzhaka23 12466 42784 wikitext text/x-wiki NYANDZA YA TIHUNYI [[File:Firewood supply in Zell 02.jpg|thumb|xifaniso xa nyandza ya tihunyi]] '''Nyandza ya tihunyi''' eka miganga yo tala ya le makaya, nyandza ya tihunyi i xihlovo xa nkoka lexi tirhisiwaka ku sweka swakudya ni ku kufumeta mindyangu. Vanhu, ngopfungopfu vatswari na vana, va talaka ku ya nhoveni ku hlengeleta tihunyi leswaku ku tshama ku ri na leti ringaneke ekaya. Loko ku ri nkarhi wo sweka, tihunyi teto ti vaseriwa ndzilo leswaku ku lunghekisiwa swakudya swa ndyangu. Hikwalaho, nyandza ya tihunyi yi tlanga xiave xa nkoka eka vutomi bya siku na siku. Yi tlhela yi pfuna mindyangu leyi nga riki na gezi kumbe gasi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mampane |first=Ruth M. |last2=Omidire |first2=Margaret F. |last3=Aluko |first3=Folake Ruth |date=2018-11-30 |title=Decolonising higher education in Africa: Arriving at a glocal solution |url=https://doi.org/10.15700/saje.v38n4a1636 |journal=South African Journal of Education |volume=38 |issue=4 |pages=1–9 |doi=10.15700/saje.v38n4a1636 |issn=0256-0100}}</ref> Ku hlengeleta tihunyi a hi ntirho wo olova hikuva wu lava nkarhi ni matimba. Vanhu van'wana va boheka ku famba mpfhuka wo leha va lava tihunyi leti omeke naswona leti faneleke ku tirhisiwa. Leswi swi dyondzisa vanhu nkoka wa ku tirha hi matimba ni ku tlhela va va ni vutihlamuleri eka mindyangu ya vona. Hi ku tirhisa tihunyi hi ndlela leyinene, mindyangu yi kota ku lulamisa swakudya swa yona hi masiku hinkwawo. Leswaku vutomi byi ya emahlweni kahle, vanhu va fanele ku hlayisa switirhisiwa leswi va swi kumaka eka ntumbuluko.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=1962-01 |title=Section Headings and Reference System |url=https://doi.org/10.1177/000608446201300105 |journal=The Bible Translator |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=24–24 |doi=10.1177/000608446201300105 |issn=2051-6770}}</ref> Hambiswiritano, ku tsema mirhi ku tlula mpimo swi nga vanga ku herisiwa ka swihlahla ni ku onhaka ka mbango. Loko ku nga ri na mirhi yo ringana, swi va swa tika ku kuma tihunyi eka nkarhi lowu taka. Hikokwalaho, vanhu va khutaziwa ku byala mirhi leyintshwa loko va tseme yin'wana. Ku hlayisa mbango swi pfuna leswaku switukulwana leswi taka na swona swi vuyeriwa eka switirhisiwa swa ntumbuluko. Kutani nyandza ya tihunyi a yi fanelanga ku langutiwa ntsena tanihi xihlovo xa ndzilo, kambe tanihi xuma lexi faneleke ku hlayisiwi.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mathonsi|first=Mthabisi Vitalis|date=2025-12-19|title=A Sustainable Urban Infrastructure Planning Framework: Lessons from Sanitation Infrastructure Collapse in Cosmo City, Johannesburg|url=https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8109161/v1|accessdate=2026-09-29|website=doi.org}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == [[Xiyenge:Ndzilo]] j7vhzei9w764ufly4vbzpkgi6v4694w 42785 42784 2026-09-29T17:31:26Z Ndzhaka23 12466 42785 wikitext text/x-wiki NYANDZA YA TIHUNYI [[File:Firewood supply in Zell 02.jpg|thumb|xifaniso xa nyandza ya tihunyi]] '''Nyandza ya tihunyi''' eka miganga yo tala ya le makaya, nyandza ya tihunyi i xihlovo xa nkoka lexi tirhisiwaka ku sweka swakudya ni ku kufumeta mindyangu. Vanhu, ngopfungopfu vatswari na vana, va talaka ku ya nhoveni ku hlengeleta tihunyi leswaku ku tshama ku ri na leti ringaneke ekaya. Loko ku ri nkarhi wo sweka, tihunyi teto ti vaseriwa ndzilo leswaku ku lunghekisiwa swakudya swa ndyangu. Hikwalaho, nyandza ya tihunyi yi tlanga xiave xa nkoka eka vutomi bya siku na siku. Yi tlhela yi pfuna mindyangu leyi nga riki na gezi kumbe gasi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mampane |first=Ruth M. |last2=Omidire |first2=Margaret F. |last3=Aluko |first3=Folake Ruth |date=2018-11-30 |title=Decolonising higher education in Africa: Arriving at a glocal solution |url=https://doi.org/10.15700/saje.v38n4a1636 |journal=South African Journal of Education |volume=38 |issue=4 |pages=1–9 |doi=10.15700/saje.v38n4a1636 |issn=0256-0100}}</ref> Ku hlengeleta tihunyi a hi ntirho wo olova hikuva wu lava nkarhi ni matimba. Vanhu van'wana va boheka ku famba mpfhuka wo leha va lava tihunyi leti omeke naswona leti faneleke ku tirhisiwa. Leswi swi dyondzisa vanhu nkoka wa ku tirha hi matimba ni ku tlhela va va ni vutihlamuleri eka mindyangu ya vona. Hi ku tirhisa tihunyi hi ndlela leyinene, mindyangu yi kota ku lulamisa swakudya swa yona hi masiku hinkwawo. Leswaku vutomi byi ya emahlweni kahle, vanhu va fanele ku hlayisa switirhisiwa leswi va swi kumaka eka ntumbuluko.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=1962-01 |title=Section Headings and Reference System |url=https://doi.org/10.1177/000608446201300105 |journal=The Bible Translator |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=24–24 |doi=10.1177/000608446201300105 |issn=2051-6770}}</ref> Hambiswiritano, ku tsema mirhi ku tlula mpimo swi nga vanga ku herisiwa ka swihlahla ni ku onhaka ka mbango. Loko ku nga ri na mirhi yo ringana, swi va swa tika ku kuma tihunyi eka nkarhi lowu taka. Hikokwalaho, vanhu va khutaziwa ku byala mirhi leyintshwa loko va tseme yin'wana. Ku hlayisa mbango swi pfuna leswaku switukulwana leswi taka na swona swi vuyeriwa eka switirhisiwa swa ntumbuluko. Kutani nyandza ya tihunyi a yi fanelanga ku langutiwa ntsena tanihi xihlovo xa ndzilo, kambe tanihi xuma lexi faneleke ku hlayisiwi.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mathonsi|first=Mthabisi Vitalis|date=2025-12-19|title=A Sustainable Urban Infrastructure Planning Framework: Lessons from Sanitation Infrastructure Collapse in Cosmo City, Johannesburg|url=https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8109161/v1|accessdate=2026-09-29|website=doi.org}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == [[Xiyenge:Ndzilo]] d7zpoboty60fgiuzfhdtkkbb51yqchn 42786 42785 2026-09-29T17:31:49Z Ndzhaka23 12466 42786 wikitext text/x-wiki NYANDZA YA TIHUNYI [[File:Firewood supply in Zell 02.jpg|thumb|xifaniso xa nyandza ya tihunyi]] '''Nyandza ya tihunyi''' eka miganga yo tala ya le makaya, nyandza ya tihunyi i xihlovo xa nkoka lexi tirhisiwaka ku sweka swakudya ni ku kufumeta mindyangu. Vanhu, ngopfungopfu vatswari na vana, va talaka ku ya nhoveni ku hlengeleta tihunyi leswaku ku tshama ku ri na leti ringaneke ekaya. Loko ku ri nkarhi wo sweka, tihunyi teto ti vaseriwa ndzilo leswaku ku lunghekisiwa swakudya swa ndyangu. Hikwalaho, nyandza ya tihunyi yi tlanga xiave xa nkoka eka vutomi bya siku na siku. Yi tlhela yi pfuna mindyangu leyi nga riki na gezi kumbe gasi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mampane |first=Ruth M. |last2=Omidire |first2=Margaret F. |last3=Aluko |first3=Folake Ruth |date=2018-11-30 |title=Decolonising higher education in Africa: Arriving at a glocal solution |url=https://doi.org/10.15700/saje.v38n4a1636 |journal=South African Journal of Education |volume=38 |issue=4 |pages=1–9 |doi=10.15700/saje.v38n4a1636 |issn=0256-0100}}</ref> Ku hlengeleta tihunyi a hi ntirho wo olova hikuva wu lava nkarhi ni matimba. Vanhu van'wana va boheka ku famba mpfhuka wo leha va lava tihunyi leti omeke naswona leti faneleke ku tirhisiwa. Leswi swi dyondzisa vanhu nkoka wa ku tirha hi matimba ni ku tlhela va va ni vutihlamuleri eka mindyangu ya vona. Hi ku tirhisa tihunyi hi ndlela leyinene, mindyangu yi kota ku lulamisa swakudya swa yona hi masiku hinkwawo. Leswaku vutomi byi ya emahlweni kahle, vanhu va fanele ku hlayisa switirhisiwa leswi va swi kumaka eka ntumbuluko.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=1962-01 |title=Section Headings and Reference System |url=https://doi.org/10.1177/000608446201300105 |journal=The Bible Translator |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=24–24 |doi=10.1177/000608446201300105 |issn=2051-6770}}</ref> Hambiswiritano, ku tsema mirhi ku tlula mpimo swi nga vanga ku herisiwa ka swihlahla ni ku onhaka ka mbango. Loko ku nga ri na mirhi yo ringana, swi va swa tika ku kuma tihunyi eka nkarhi lowu taka. Hikokwalaho, vanhu va khutaziwa ku byala mirhi leyintshwa loko va tseme yin'wana. Ku hlayisa mbango swi pfuna leswaku switukulwana leswi taka na swona swi vuyeriwa eka switirhisiwa swa ntumbuluko. Kutani nyandza ya tihunyi a yi fanelanga ku langutiwa ntsena tanihi xihlovo xa ndzilo, kambe tanihi xuma lexi faneleke ku hlayisiwi.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mathonsi|first=Mthabisi Vitalis|date=2025-12-19|title=A Sustainable Urban Infrastructure Planning Framework: Lessons from Sanitation Infrastructure Collapse in Cosmo City, Johannesburg|url=https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8109161/v1|accessdate=2026-09-29|website=doi.org}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == qboo43szpfg03zs4rpzdj1ynqlckwwv 42789 42786 2026-09-29T17:33:15Z Ndzhaka23 12466 ni hetini 42789 wikitext text/x-wiki NYANDZA YA TIHUNYI [[File:Firewood supply in Zell 02.jpg|thumb|xifaniso xa nyandza ya tihunyi]] '''Nyandza ya tihunyi''' eka miganga yo tala ya le makaya, nyandza ya tihunyi i xihlovo xa nkoka lexi tirhisiwaka ku sweka swakudya ni ku kufumeta mindyangu. Vanhu, ngopfungopfu vatswari na vana, va talaka ku ya nhoveni ku hlengeleta tihunyi leswaku ku tshama ku ri na leti ringaneke ekaya. Loko ku ri nkarhi wo sweka, tihunyi teto ti vaseriwa ndzilo leswaku ku lunghekisiwa swakudya swa ndyangu. Hikwalaho, nyandza ya tihunyi yi tlanga xiave xa nkoka eka vutomi bya siku na siku. Yi tlhela yi pfuna mindyangu leyi nga riki na gezi kumbe gasi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mampane |first=Ruth M. |last2=Omidire |first2=Margaret F. |last3=Aluko |first3=Folake Ruth |date=2018-11-30 |title=Decolonising higher education in Africa: Arriving at a glocal solution |url=https://doi.org/10.15700/saje.v38n4a1636 |journal=South African Journal of Education |volume=38 |issue=4 |pages=1–9 |doi=10.15700/saje.v38n4a1636 |issn=0256-0100}}</ref> Ku hlengeleta tihunyi a hi ntirho wo olova hikuva wu lava nkarhi ni matimba. Vanhu van'wana va boheka ku famba mpfhuka wo leha va lava tihunyi leti omeke naswona leti faneleke ku tirhisiwa. Leswi swi dyondzisa vanhu nkoka wa ku tirha hi matimba ni ku tlhela va va ni vutihlamuleri eka mindyangu ya vona. Hi ku tirhisa tihunyi hi ndlela leyinene, mindyangu yi kota ku lulamisa swakudya swa yona hi masiku hinkwawo. Leswaku vutomi byi ya emahlweni kahle, vanhu va fanele ku hlayisa switirhisiwa leswi va swi kumaka eka ntumbuluko.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=1962-01 |title=Section Headings and Reference System |url=https://doi.org/10.1177/000608446201300105 |journal=The Bible Translator |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=24–24 |doi=10.1177/000608446201300105 |issn=2051-6770}}</ref> Hambiswiritano, ku tsema mirhi ku tlula mpimo swi nga vanga ku herisiwa ka swihlahla ni ku onhaka ka mbango. Loko ku nga ri na mirhi yo ringana, swi va swa tika ku kuma tihunyi eka nkarhi lowu taka. Hikokwalaho, vanhu va khutaziwa ku byala mirhi leyintshwa loko va tseme yin'wana. Ku hlayisa mbango swi pfuna leswaku switukulwana leswi taka na swona swi vuyeriwa eka switirhisiwa swa ntumbuluko. Kutani nyandza ya tihunyi a yi fanelanga ku langutiwa ntsena tanihi xihlovo xa ndzilo, kambe tanihi xuma lexi faneleke ku hlayisiwi.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mathonsi|first=Mthabisi Vitalis|date=2025-12-19|title=A Sustainable Urban Infrastructure Planning Framework: Lessons from Sanitation Infrastructure Collapse in Cosmo City, Johannesburg|url=https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8109161/v1|accessdate=2026-09-29|website=doi.org}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == <references /> [[Category:Ndzilo]] 7u8bqa84y3aregnwvi5nrdytpxjk0u6 0 8240 42780 2026-09-29T17:25:31Z VanBestern 12517 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1377013902|Cap]]" 42780 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>  Kepisi i xifunengeto xa nhloko lexi nga na xiphepherhele . Va endle ku humelela ka vona ko sungula ku sukela hi 3200&nbsp;BC. <ref>{{Cite web|date=28 March 2017|title=Who Invented The Hat? - Amazing Hat History|url=https://fashionablehats.com/blogs/hat-articles/invented-hat|accessdate=2020-11-17|website=Fashionable Hats|language=en}}</ref> Masungulo ya rito "kepisi" ya huma eka rito ra Xifurwa ra khale "chapewu" leri hlamuselaka"ku funengeta nhloko". Hi ku famba ka nkarhi, rito leri ri hundzukile na swona ri cincile nhlamuselo ya rona, kambe ra ha hlayisa ku yelana ka rona ni swiambalo swa nhloko. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2019-07-26|title=Cap vs. Hat: Differentiating the Meaning of Different Headgear|url=https://www.typingadventure.com/cap-vs-hat/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124195940/https://www.typingadventure.com/cap-vs-hat/|archive-date=2020-11-24|accessdate=2020-11-17|website=Typing Adventure|language=en-US}}</ref> Ti tsakeriwa ngopfu eka swiyimo swo olova na leswi nga riki swa xivumbeko, naswona ti voniwa eka mintlangu na fexeni. <ref name=":0" /> Hi ntolovelo ti endleriwe kuva ti kufumela, naswona titala ku katsa vhayisa ku sivela ku vonakala ka dyambu kusuka ematihlweni. Tiva na swivumbeko swo tala na vukulu naswona i ta mavito yohambana hambana. Kepisi ta beyisibolo i yin’wana ya tinxaka leti tolovelekeke ta tikepisi. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Baseball Hat & Cap History|url=https://baseball.epicsports.com/baseball-hats.html#:~:text=They%20were%20first%20worn%20by,that%20time%20and%20still%20today.|accessdate=2020-11-17|website=baseball.epicsports.com}}</ref> [[File:Meyrick_Helmet_feb_2011.JPG|thumb| Xihuku xa Meyiriki i Celtic: Xihuku xa Brythonic lexi swinga endleka leswaku xisungule kusuka e Northern England eka lembe xidzana rosungula AD. Flat plane leyi hangalakaka kusuka eka rim yi endleriwe ku sirhelela endzhaku ka nhamu, hambiswiritano van’wana va theorise  swi nga ha endleka leswaku yi hundzuriwile yi tlhelela endzhaku leswaku yi sirhelela mahlo eka ku vonakala ka dyambu loko yi ri enyimpini]] [[File:Deutsche_Feldmütze,_Sumpftarn,_Bundesgrenzschutz_(BGS).jpg|thumb| Xikephani xa nsimu xa xitayili xa M43 xa le Jarimani xa "Bundesgrenzschutz" (BGS) (sweswi yi vuriwaka Bundespolizei), Maphorisa ya Federal ya le Jarimani]] Tani hilaha swinga boxiwa hakona eku sunguleni, tikepisi hi ntoloveto ti endliwe na vhayisa, leswi swi endla leswaku swiva kahle eka ku hlayisa munhu a kufumela eka ku hisa xikan’we naku sirhelela mahlo ya munhu eka dyambu, hikokwalaho akuri mhaka ya nkarhi loko vanga se fika eka bindzu ra mintlangu. Ntlangu wosungula lowu awu amukela ku ambala swihuku akuri baeyisibolo, swihuku leswi aswi endliwe hi byanyi naswona swi ambariwile hi April 24, 1849, hi New York Knickerbockers. Hambi swiritano, ku nga si hela malembe ma nga ri mangani ntlawa lowu wu sungule ku ambala xihuku lexi endliweke hi voya lebyinene bya merino, lexi a xi ri ni harhi ni xisirhelelo lexi khomanisiweke. Dizayini leyi yi hundzuke xikombiso xa tikepisi ta nkarhi wolowo naswona ya ha ri leyi dumeke swinene esikwini ra namuntlha. Nakambe ahi yona ntsena dizayini ya swihuku swa beyisibolo kambe na mintlangu yin’wana, yo fana na khirikhete, golufu na thenisi. Swiambalo swa mintlangu swi kume ndlela ya swona eka fexeni eka lembe xidzana ravu khume nhungu na swona ku hambana na leswi vo tala va tshembaka leswaku swi sungule ku fikelela swilaveko na swilaveko swa vavasati hakunene.Kepisi ya ntlangu hambi swiritano yi endle nhlohlotelo eka indasitiri ya fexeni kwalomu ka malembe yava 1980 loko khamphani ya New Era, leyi ayi ri karhi yi dizayina swihuku eka swipano swa mintlangu, yisungule ku dizayina naku xavisa swihuku eka vaaki hinkwavo. Tikepisi ta beyisibolo, tikepisi leti vekiweke , tikepisi ta sinepebeke na swihuku swa vachayeiva tilori aswita voniwa eka ti vhidio ta tinsimu, ti filimu,rhaniweyisi hambi kuri enhlokweni ya Princess Diana, leswinga pfuneta ku kurisa xivumbeko xa yena tani hi "nganakati ya vanhu ." Ku katsa na swihuku, tijezi ta mintlangu na tona tisungule ku kumeka hiva 1980s na tona, naswona sweswi swiambalo leswingana layisense i bindzu leri durhaka tibiliyoni ta tidolara. rulj0dd06nweevth44w3cu10r1xlnv2 0 8241 42783 2026-09-29T17:28:32Z Teddy577 12465 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1377374350|Justin Bieber]]" 42783 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Justin Drew Bieber''' ( /ˈ b iː b ər / BEE -bər ; u beburiwe hi ti 1 Nyenyankulu 1994) i xiyimbeleri xa le Canada. i tlambi leyi tsakeriwa swinene aka popular music, u tiveka hi ku tumbuluxa hi vuntshwa swifaniso na vuyimbeleri bya tinxaka to hambana.ina nhlayo ya 150 wa timiliyoni tati rekhodo, i un’wana wa vayimbeleri va vuyimbeleri lava xavisiwaka ngopfu eka nkarhi hinkwawo . Bieber u tlakukile ativeka hi magidimbirhi, endzaka kuhlangana na Raymond Braun Media Group (RBMG). Endzhaku ka sweswo Bieber u humesile ntlangu wa yena wo sungula lowu andlariweke (EP), ''My World'' (2009), a kuma ku xiximiwa ka matiko ya misava na ku ti simeka tani hi xifaniso xa vantshwa . Alibamu ya yena yo sungula ya studio, ''My World 2.0'' (2010), yi ve ehenhla ka US <nowiki><i id="mwIw">Billboard</i></nowiki> 200, leswi endleke leswaku a va wanuna lontsongo ku tlula hinkwavo ku endla tano eka malembe ya 47. Single ya yona yo rhangela, " Baby ", yi hundzuke yin'wana ya ti single leti xavisiwaka ngopfu eUnited States. Alibamu ya yena ya vumbirhi, ''Under the Mistletoe'' (2011), yi vile alibamu yo sungula ya khisimusi hi muyimbeleri wa xinuna ku sungula ku va ehenhla ka chati. Hi alibamu ya yena ya vunharhu ya xitudiyo, ''Believe'' (2012), na ku humesiwa nakambe ka yona hi acoustic (2013), Bieber u vile muyimbeleri wo sungula eka matimu ya tichati <nowiki><i id="mwLQ">ta Billboard</i></nowiki> ku va na ntlhanu wa tialibamu ta nomboro yin’we ya le Amerika loko eka malembe ya 18. [[Category:Living people]] kpl4swunyskxkw0kmbhj5fvvakic2c5 2 8242 42790 2026-09-29T17:41:12Z Ndzhaka23 12466 Created page with "NYANDZA YA TIHUNYI [[File:Firewood supply in Zell 02.jpg|thumb|xifaniso xa nyandza ya tihunyi]] '''Nyandza ya tihunyi''' eka miganga yo tala ya le makaya, nyandza ya tihunyi i xihlovo xa nkoka lexi tirhisiwaka ku sweka swakudya ni ku kufumeta mindyangu. Vanhu, ngopfungopfu vatswari na vana, va talaka ku ya nhoveni ku hlengeleta tihunyi leswaku ku tshama ku ri na leti ringaneke ekaya. Loko ku ri nkarhi wo sweka, tihunyi teto ti vaseriwa ndzilo leswaku ku lunghekisiwa swak..." 42790 wikitext text/x-wiki NYANDZA YA TIHUNYI [[File:Firewood supply in Zell 02.jpg|thumb|xifaniso xa nyandza ya tihunyi]] '''Nyandza ya tihunyi''' eka miganga yo tala ya le makaya, nyandza ya tihunyi i xihlovo xa nkoka lexi tirhisiwaka ku sweka swakudya ni ku kufumeta mindyangu. Vanhu, ngopfungopfu vatswari na vana, va talaka ku ya nhoveni ku hlengeleta tihunyi leswaku ku tshama ku ri na leti ringaneke ekaya. Loko ku ri nkarhi wo sweka, tihunyi teto ti vaseriwa ndzilo leswaku ku lunghekisiwa swakudya swa ndyangu. Hikwalaho, nyandza ya tihunyi yi tlanga xiave xa nkoka eka vutomi bya siku na siku. Yi tlhela yi pfuna mindyangu leyi nga riki na gezi kumbe gasi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mampane |first=Ruth M. |last2=Omidire |first2=Margaret F. |last3=Aluko |first3=Folake Ruth |date=2018-11-30 |title=Decolonising higher education in Africa: Arriving at a glocal solution |url=https://doi.org/10.15700/saje.v38n4a1636 |journal=South African Journal of Education |volume=38 |issue=4 |pages=1–9 |doi=10.15700/saje.v38n4a1636 |issn=0256-0100}}</ref> Ku hlengeleta tihunyi a hi ntirho wo olova hikuva wu lava nkarhi ni matimba. Vanhu van'wana va boheka ku famba mpfhuka wo leha va lava tihunyi leti omeke naswona leti faneleke ku tirhisiwa. Leswi swi dyondzisa vanhu nkoka wa ku tirha hi matimba ni ku tlhela va va ni vutihlamuleri eka mindyangu ya vona. Hi ku tirhisa tihunyi hi ndlela leyinene, mindyangu yi kota ku lulamisa swakudya swa yona hi masiku hinkwawo. Leswaku vutomi byi ya emahlweni kahle, vanhu va fanele ku hlayisa switirhisiwa leswi va swi kumaka eka ntumbuluko.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=1962-01 |title=Section Headings and Reference System |url=https://doi.org/10.1177/000608446201300105 |journal=The Bible Translator |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=24–24 |doi=10.1177/000608446201300105 |issn=2051-6770}}</ref> Hambiswiritano, ku tsema mirhi ku tlula mpimo swi nga vanga ku herisiwa ka swihlahla ni ku onhaka ka mbango. Loko ku nga ri na mirhi yo ringana, swi va swa tika ku kuma tihunyi eka nkarhi lowu taka. Hikokwalaho, vanhu va khutaziwa ku byala mirhi leyintshwa loko va tseme yin'wana. Ku hlayisa mbango swi pfuna leswaku switukulwana leswi taka na swona swi vuyeriwa eka switirhisiwa swa ntumbuluko. Kutani nyandza ya tihunyi a yi fanelanga ku langutiwa ntsena tanihi xihlovo xa ndzilo, kambe tanihi xuma lexi faneleke ku hlayisiwi.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mathonsi|first=Mthabisi Vitalis|date=2025-12-19|title=A Sustainable Urban Infrastructure Planning Framework: Lessons from Sanitation Infrastructure Collapse in Cosmo City, Johannesburg|url=https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8109161/v1|accessdate=2026-09-29|website=doi.org}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == <references /> [[Category:Ndzilo]] 7u8bqa84y3aregnwvi5nrdytpxjk0u6 0 8243 42791 2026-09-29T17:53:41Z Mgingiriko 12521 i added citations 42791 wikitext text/x-wiki Mutoloki i munhu loyi a hundzuluxaka leswi vuriwaka hi munhu ku suka eka ririmi rin'we ku ya eka ririmi rin'wana. Ntirho wa yena i ku endla leswaku vanhu lava va nga vulavuliki ririmi rin'we va kota ku twanana no twisisa leswi vuriwaka. Mutoloki wa ririmi a nga tirha etindhawini to hambana , ku fana ni le khoto , eswibendlhele , etihofisini , eswikolweni ni le ka minhlangano.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Language Interpretation Services Johannesburg, South Africa|url=https://simplytranslate.co.za/interpretation-services-johannesburg-south-africa|accessdate=2026-09-29|website=Simply Translate - Document Translation|language=en-US}}</ref> [[File:Sign language interpreter with Wiki4Inclusion facilitator.jpg|thumb|xifaniso xa mutoloki]] Le khoto mutoloki wa ririmi u na xiave xa nkoka swinene hikuva u pfuna ku tiyisisa leswaku munhu un'wana ni un'wana u twisisa leswi vulaka hi magistrate , muchuchisi , muvulavuri kumbe munhu loyi a hehliwaka. U fanele a hundzuluxa marito hi ndlela leyi kongomeke naswona a nga cinci nhlamuselo ya leswi vuriweke. Utlhela a fanele a va ni vukheta , xihundla ni ku tirha hi ndlela ya xiphurofexinali leswaku vululami byi ta kota ku endliwa kahle.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Language Interpretation Services Johannesburg, South Africa|url=https://simplytranslate.co.za/interpretation-services-johannesburg-south-africa|accessdate=2026-09-29|website=Simply Translate - Document Translation|language=en-US}}</ref> swihlovo https://translators.org.za/ https://www.atanet.org/client-assistance/translator-vs-interpreter/ https://simplytranslate.co.za/interpretation-services-johannesburg-south-africa [[Category:Vutivi bya ririmi]] oaz31pr8ut5kgbtt0dws32k663klhag 42793 42791 2026-09-29T17:55:31Z Mgingiriko 12521 i created sources 42793 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mutoloki''' i munhu loyi a hundzuluxaka leswi vuriwaka hi munhu ku suka eka ririmi rin'we ku ya eka ririmi rin'wana. Ntirho wa yena i ku endla leswaku vanhu lava va nga vulavuliki ririmi rin'we va kota ku twanana no twisisa leswi vuriwaka. Mutoloki wa ririmi a nga tirha etindhawini to hambana , ku fana ni le khoto , eswibendlhele , etihofisini , eswikolweni ni le ka minhlangano.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Language Interpretation Services Johannesburg, South Africa|url=https://simplytranslate.co.za/interpretation-services-johannesburg-south-africa|accessdate=2026-09-29|website=Simply Translate - Document Translation|language=en-US}}</ref> [[File:Sign language interpreter with Wiki4Inclusion facilitator.jpg|thumb|xifaniso xa mutoloki]] Le khoto mutoloki wa ririmi u na xiave xa nkoka swinene hikuva u pfuna ku tiyisisa leswaku munhu un'wana ni un'wana u twisisa leswi vulaka hi magistrate , muchuchisi , muvulavuri kumbe munhu loyi a hehliwaka. U fanele a hundzuluxa marito hi ndlela leyi kongomeke naswona a nga cinci nhlamuselo ya leswi vuriweke. Utlhela a fanele a va ni vukheta , xihundla ni ku tirha hi ndlela ya xiphurofexinali leswaku vululami byi ta kota ku endliwa kahle.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Language Interpretation Services Johannesburg, South Africa|url=https://simplytranslate.co.za/interpretation-services-johannesburg-south-africa|accessdate=2026-09-29|website=Simply Translate - Document Translation|language=en-US}}</ref> swihlovo https://translators.org.za/ https://www.atanet.org/client-assistance/translator-vs-interpreter/ https://simplytranslate.co.za/interpretation-services-johannesburg-south-africa [[Category:Vutivi bya ririmi]] 41710f03clu0l5we9jzzdhtfqbyceyf 0 8244 42792 2026-09-29T17:55:31Z Teddy577 12465 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1367910224|Salt River (Wyoming)]]" 42792 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nambu wa munyu''' wu lehe {{Convert|84|mi|km|-long}} nambu lowu wu kaka mati enkoveni eXifundzheni xa Lincoln evupela-dyambu bya Wyoming . wu nyikiwe vito ra tlhelo yo hlaya leyi nga erivaleni ya munyu na swihlovo swa munyu swa briny swa up 60% pure salt e Idaho leyi khulukaka kuya e Salt River hiku tirhisa Stump Creek. Nkova wa Nambu wa Munyu a wu ri ndhawu leyi rhandziwaku eka Maindiya ni maphayona lava endzhaku lavalava munyu ni mintlangu. Tinhloko ta nambu lowu ti le hansi ka {{Convert|10472|ft}} Ntshava ya Wagner eka Ntshava ya Nambu wa Munyu . Nambu lowu wu khulukela evupela-dyambu wu huma etintshaveni ivi Wyoming na Idaho . Yi hundza hi {{Convert|6600|ft}} Smoot, Wyoming ivi yi hinda hi Star Valley leyi nga ni vurimi ngopfu, yi hlanganisiwa hi swinambyana swo tala endleleni, yihlanganisiwa hi Nambu wa Snake ekusuhi ni doroba ra Alpine (ku tlakuka ka {{Convert|5600|ft|m}} ). nambu wa munyu lowu twsongaka{{Convert|890|mi2|km2}} ya xiphemu xa le vupela-dyambu bya nambu wa munyu Range eWyoming ni le vuxeni bya Caribou Range ya le Idaho. Nambu wa Gireyi, lowu khulukaka mati eka xiphemu xa tlhelo ra le vuxeni bya Salt River Range, wuhlanganisa milomol ya nambu wa munyu Kwala ka hafu ya ndlela ya yona, nambu wa munyu wu hundza eka ndhawu leyi tivekaka tani hi "yolala", laha wu helelaka kona exikarhi ka swirhendzevutani swimbirhi leswi hambanisaka nkova wa Star kuva nkova wale henhla nale hansi. Nomo wa nambu lowu sweswi wu khukhuriwa hi xihlovo xa Damu ra Palisades eIdaho hi nkarhi wa mati yo tala. Ku fambisana na Nambu wa Salt ku na Gondzo lerikulu ra Wyoming 89 leri yaka en'walungwini ku ya eTeton na Yellowstone National Park . 3i8spwhvtvxxs42wjcd49qixckwptyo 2 8245 42794 2026-09-29T17:59:25Z Ndzhaka23 12466 ni tatise swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke 42794 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Balaclava 3 hole black.jpg|thumb|Khamba riti pfale xikandza]] '''Khamba''' i munhu loyi a tekaka swilo swa van'wana handle ka mpfumelelo. Muyivi a nga yiva mali, swiambalo, swakudya kumbe nhundzu yin'wana leyi nga riki ya yena. Vuyivi i mahanyelo yo biha hikuva byi vanga ku lahlekeriwa hi nhundzu ni ku vaviseka eka vanhu van'wana. Emigangeni yo tala, vuyivi byi tekiwa tanihi nandzu lowu fanelaka ku xupuriwa. Hikokwalaho, vanhu va khutaziwa ku tshembeka ni ku xixima nhundzu ya van'wana.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Molapo |first=Moyahabo Rodgers |last2=Pillay |first2=Venitha |date=2018-02-28 |title=Politicising curriculum implementation: The case of primary schools |url=https://doi.org/10.15700/saje.v38n1a1428 |journal=South African Journal of Education |volume=38 |issue=1 |pages=1–9 |doi=10.15700/saje.v38n1a1428 |issn=0256-0100}}</ref> Vanhu van'wana va hetelela va nghena eka vuyivi hikwalaho ka vusweti, nkaneto wa vanghana kumbe ku pfumaleka ka tidyondzo ta mahanyelo lamanene. Hambiswiritano, swivangelo leswi a swi endli leswaku vuyivi byi amukeleka. Muyivi a nga lahlekeriwa hi xichavo xa yena exikarhi ka vanhu naswona a nga tlhela a khomiwa hi nawu. Leswi swi nga onha vumundzuku bya yena ni vuxaka bya yena na vaaki van'wana. Hikwalaho, i swa nkoka leswaku vanhu va hlawula tindlela letinene to tihanyisa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Frontpage {{!}} South African Government|url=https://www.gov.za/|accessdate=2026-09-29|website=www.gov.za}}</ref> Leswaku ku hungutisiwa vuyivi, mindyangu ni swikolo swi fanele ku dyondzisa vana nkoka wa ku tshembeka ni ku tirha hi matimba. Vanhu va fanele ku tirhela leswi va swi lavaka ematshan'weni yo teka swa van'wana. Loko munhu a tirha hi matimba, u kuma leswi a swi lavaka hi ndlela leyi amukelekaka. Leswi swi pfuna ku aka miganga leyi hlayisekeke ni leyi rhuleke. Hikokwalaho, khamba a hi xikombiso lexinene eka vaaki naswona vanhu va fanele ku papalata vuyivi.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mathonsi|first=Mthabisi Vitalis|date=2025-12-19|title=A Sustainable Urban Infrastructure Planning Framework: Lessons from Sanitation Infrastructure Collapse in Cosmo City, Johannesburg|url=https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8109161/v1|accessdate=2026-09-29|website=doi.org}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == pntm737l2ic6zyd1ya6pym7wt0xmdpc 42796 42794 2026-09-29T18:02:23Z Ndzhaka23 12466 Ndzhaka23 moved page [[Khamba]] to [[User:Khamba]] 42794 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Balaclava 3 hole black.jpg|thumb|Khamba riti pfale xikandza]] '''Khamba''' i munhu loyi a tekaka swilo swa van'wana handle ka mpfumelelo. Muyivi a nga yiva mali, swiambalo, swakudya kumbe nhundzu yin'wana leyi nga riki ya yena. Vuyivi i mahanyelo yo biha hikuva byi vanga ku lahlekeriwa hi nhundzu ni ku vaviseka eka vanhu van'wana. Emigangeni yo tala, vuyivi byi tekiwa tanihi nandzu lowu fanelaka ku xupuriwa. Hikokwalaho, vanhu va khutaziwa ku tshembeka ni ku xixima nhundzu ya van'wana.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Molapo |first=Moyahabo Rodgers |last2=Pillay |first2=Venitha |date=2018-02-28 |title=Politicising curriculum implementation: The case of primary schools |url=https://doi.org/10.15700/saje.v38n1a1428 |journal=South African Journal of Education |volume=38 |issue=1 |pages=1–9 |doi=10.15700/saje.v38n1a1428 |issn=0256-0100}}</ref> Vanhu van'wana va hetelela va nghena eka vuyivi hikwalaho ka vusweti, nkaneto wa vanghana kumbe ku pfumaleka ka tidyondzo ta mahanyelo lamanene. Hambiswiritano, swivangelo leswi a swi endli leswaku vuyivi byi amukeleka. Muyivi a nga lahlekeriwa hi xichavo xa yena exikarhi ka vanhu naswona a nga tlhela a khomiwa hi nawu. Leswi swi nga onha vumundzuku bya yena ni vuxaka bya yena na vaaki van'wana. Hikwalaho, i swa nkoka leswaku vanhu va hlawula tindlela letinene to tihanyisa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Frontpage {{!}} South African Government|url=https://www.gov.za/|accessdate=2026-09-29|website=www.gov.za}}</ref> Leswaku ku hungutisiwa vuyivi, mindyangu ni swikolo swi fanele ku dyondzisa vana nkoka wa ku tshembeka ni ku tirha hi matimba. Vanhu va fanele ku tirhela leswi va swi lavaka ematshan'weni yo teka swa van'wana. Loko munhu a tirha hi matimba, u kuma leswi a swi lavaka hi ndlela leyi amukelekaka. Leswi swi pfuna ku aka miganga leyi hlayisekeke ni leyi rhuleke. Hikokwalaho, khamba a hi xikombiso lexinene eka vaaki naswona vanhu va fanele ku papalata vuyivi.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mathonsi|first=Mthabisi Vitalis|date=2025-12-19|title=A Sustainable Urban Infrastructure Planning Framework: Lessons from Sanitation Infrastructure Collapse in Cosmo City, Johannesburg|url=https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8109161/v1|accessdate=2026-09-29|website=doi.org}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == pntm737l2ic6zyd1ya6pym7wt0xmdpc 0 8246 42797 2026-09-29T18:02:23Z Ndzhaka23 12466 Ndzhaka23 moved page [[Khamba]] to [[User:Khamba]] 42797 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[User:Khamba]] 9k8orepuk4f8ci39uxybkbg9bbnc74i 4 8247 42798 2026-09-29T18:04:34Z Ndzhaka23 12466 Created page with "Khamba i munhu loyi a tekaka swilo swa van'wana handle ka mpfumelelo. Muyivi a nga yiva mali, swiambalo, swakudya kumbe nhundzu yin'wana leyi nga riki ya yena. Vuyivi i mahanyelo yo biha hikuva byi vanga ku lahlekeriwa hi nhundzu ni ku vaviseka eka vanhu van'wana. Emigangeni yo tala, vuyivi byi tekiwa tanihi nandzu lowu fanelaka ku xupuriwa. Hikokwalaho, vanhu va khutaziwa ku tshembeka ni ku xixima nhundzu ya van'wana.[1] Vanhu van'wana va hetelela va nghena eka vuyivi..." 42798 wikitext text/x-wiki Khamba i munhu loyi a tekaka swilo swa van'wana handle ka mpfumelelo. Muyivi a nga yiva mali, swiambalo, swakudya kumbe nhundzu yin'wana leyi nga riki ya yena. Vuyivi i mahanyelo yo biha hikuva byi vanga ku lahlekeriwa hi nhundzu ni ku vaviseka eka vanhu van'wana. Emigangeni yo tala, vuyivi byi tekiwa tanihi nandzu lowu fanelaka ku xupuriwa. Hikokwalaho, vanhu va khutaziwa ku tshembeka ni ku xixima nhundzu ya van'wana.[1] Vanhu van'wana va hetelela va nghena eka vuyivi hikwalaho ka vusweti, nkaneto wa vanghana kumbe ku pfumaleka ka tidyondzo ta mahanyelo lamanene. Hambiswiritano, swivangelo leswi a swi endli leswaku vuyivi byi amukeleka. Muyivi a nga lahlekeriwa hi xichavo xa yena exikarhi ka vanhu naswona a nga tlhela a khomiwa hi nawu. Leswi swi nga onha vumundzuku bya yena ni vuxaka bya yena na vaaki van'wana. Hikwalaho, i swa nkoka leswaku vanhu va hlawula tindlela letinene to tihanyisa.[2] Leswaku ku hungutisiwa vuyivi, mindyangu ni swikolo swi fanele ku dyondzisa vana nkoka wa ku tshembeka ni ku tirha hi matimba. Vanhu va fanele ku tirhela leswi va swi lavaka ematshan'weni yo teka swa van'wana. Loko munhu a tirha hi matimba, u kuma leswi a swi lavaka hi ndlela leyi amukelekaka. Leswi swi pfuna ku aka miganga leyi hlayisekeke ni leyi rhuleke. Hikokwalaho, khamba a hi xikombiso lexinene eka vaaki naswona vanhu va fanele ku papalata vuyivi.[3] Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke Molapo, Moyahabo Rodgers; Pillay, Venitha (2018-02-28). "Politicising curriculum implementation: The case of primary schools". South African Journal of Education 38 (1): 1–9. ISSN 0256-0100. doi:10.15700/saje.v38n1a1428. "Frontpage | South African Government". www.gov.za. Retrieved 2026-09-29. Mathonsi, Mthabisi Vitalis (2025-12-19). "A Sustainable Urban Infrastructure Planning Framework: Lessons from Sanitation Infrastructure Collapse in Cosmo City, Johannesburg". doi.org. Retrieved 2026-09-29. srwxk5rg41wu6jxva17vytqpzf1rvxo 42799 42798 2026-09-29T18:05:58Z Ndzhaka23 12466 ni tatise nhlokomhaka 42799 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Khamba''' i munhu loyi a tekaka swilo swa van'wana handle ka mpfumelelo. Muyivi a nga yiva mali, swiambalo, swakudya kumbe nhundzu yin'wana leyi nga riki ya yena. Vuyivi i mahanyelo yo biha hikuva byi vanga ku lahlekeriwa hi nhundzu ni ku vaviseka eka vanhu van'wana. Emigangeni yo tala, vuyivi byi tekiwa tanihi nandzu lowu fanelaka ku xupuriwa. Hikokwalaho, vanhu va khutaziwa ku tshembeka ni ku xixima nhundzu ya van'wana.[1] Vanhu van'wana va hetelela va nghena eka vuyivi hikwalaho ka vusweti, nkaneto wa vanghana kumbe ku pfumaleka ka tidyondzo ta mahanyelo lamanene. Hambiswiritano, swivangelo leswi a swi endli leswaku vuyivi byi amukeleka. Muyivi a nga lahlekeriwa hi xichavo xa yena exikarhi ka vanhu naswona a nga tlhela a khomiwa hi nawu. Leswi swi nga onha vumundzuku bya yena ni vuxaka bya yena na vaaki van'wana. Hikwalaho, i swa nkoka leswaku vanhu va hlawula tindlela letinene to tihanyisa.[2] Leswaku ku hungutisiwa vuyivi, mindyangu ni swikolo swi fanele ku dyondzisa vana nkoka wa ku tshembeka ni ku tirha hi matimba. Vanhu va fanele ku tirhela leswi va swi lavaka ematshan'weni yo teka swa van'wana. Loko munhu a tirha hi matimba, u kuma leswi a swi lavaka hi ndlela leyi amukelekaka. Leswi swi pfuna ku aka miganga leyi hlayisekeke ni leyi rhuleke. Hikokwalaho, khamba a hi xikombiso lexinene eka vaaki naswona vanhu va fanele ku papalata vuyivi.[3] Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke Molapo, Moyahabo Rodgers; Pillay, Venitha (2018-02-28). "Politicising curriculum implementation: The case of primary schools". South African Journal of Education 38 (1): 1–9. ISSN 0256-0100. doi:10.15700/saje.v38n1a1428. "Frontpage | South African Government". www.gov.za. Retrieved 2026-09-29. Mathonsi, Mthabisi Vitalis (2025-12-19). "A Sustainable Urban Infrastructure Planning Framework: Lessons from Sanitation Infrastructure Collapse in Cosmo City, Johannesburg". doi.org. Retrieved 2026-09-29. cj9wgtvdpc9u3fyfz68bc30rn2gffkx 42800 42799 2026-09-29T18:08:36Z Ndzhaka23 12466 Ndzhaka23 moved page [[*Dirafiti 4]] to [[Wikipedia:*Dirafiti 4]] 42799 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Khamba''' i munhu loyi a tekaka swilo swa van'wana handle ka mpfumelelo. Muyivi a nga yiva mali, swiambalo, swakudya kumbe nhundzu yin'wana leyi nga riki ya yena. Vuyivi i mahanyelo yo biha hikuva byi vanga ku lahlekeriwa hi nhundzu ni ku vaviseka eka vanhu van'wana. Emigangeni yo tala, vuyivi byi tekiwa tanihi nandzu lowu fanelaka ku xupuriwa. Hikokwalaho, vanhu va khutaziwa ku tshembeka ni ku xixima nhundzu ya van'wana.[1] Vanhu van'wana va hetelela va nghena eka vuyivi hikwalaho ka vusweti, nkaneto wa vanghana kumbe ku pfumaleka ka tidyondzo ta mahanyelo lamanene. Hambiswiritano, swivangelo leswi a swi endli leswaku vuyivi byi amukeleka. Muyivi a nga lahlekeriwa hi xichavo xa yena exikarhi ka vanhu naswona a nga tlhela a khomiwa hi nawu. Leswi swi nga onha vumundzuku bya yena ni vuxaka bya yena na vaaki van'wana. Hikwalaho, i swa nkoka leswaku vanhu va hlawula tindlela letinene to tihanyisa.[2] Leswaku ku hungutisiwa vuyivi, mindyangu ni swikolo swi fanele ku dyondzisa vana nkoka wa ku tshembeka ni ku tirha hi matimba. Vanhu va fanele ku tirhela leswi va swi lavaka ematshan'weni yo teka swa van'wana. Loko munhu a tirha hi matimba, u kuma leswi a swi lavaka hi ndlela leyi amukelekaka. Leswi swi pfuna ku aka miganga leyi hlayisekeke ni leyi rhuleke. Hikokwalaho, khamba a hi xikombiso lexinene eka vaaki naswona vanhu va fanele ku papalata vuyivi.[3] Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke Molapo, Moyahabo Rodgers; Pillay, Venitha (2018-02-28). "Politicising curriculum implementation: The case of primary schools". South African Journal of Education 38 (1): 1–9. ISSN 0256-0100. doi:10.15700/saje.v38n1a1428. "Frontpage | South African Government". www.gov.za. Retrieved 2026-09-29. Mathonsi, Mthabisi Vitalis (2025-12-19). "A Sustainable Urban Infrastructure Planning Framework: Lessons from Sanitation Infrastructure Collapse in Cosmo City, Johannesburg". doi.org. Retrieved 2026-09-29. cj9wgtvdpc9u3fyfz68bc30rn2gffkx 0 8248 42801 2026-09-29T18:08:36Z Ndzhaka23 12466 Ndzhaka23 moved page [[*Dirafiti 4]] to [[Wikipedia:*Dirafiti 4]] 42801 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Wikipedia:*Dirafiti 4]] cxy0b2fqi4shan4cytc84n14umbmm49 0 8249 42802 2026-09-29T18:11:37Z Ndzhaka23 12466 ndzi tsarile nhlokomhaka 42802 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ribuwa ra nambu''' sa1h1348jedjw2ikycsj0ribojsdplm 42807 42802 2026-09-29T18:21:30Z Ndzhaka23 12466 ni hoxe swihlovo 42807 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Seabank Villa across Kilfinichen Bay - geograph.org.uk - 2068875.jpg|thumb|ribuwa ra nambu]] '''Ribuwa ra nambu''' i ndhawu leyi kumekaka etlhelo ka nambu. Ndhawu leyi yi va na misava leyi nonneke hikwalaho ka mati lama humaka enambyeni. Vanhu vo tala va tirhisa ribuwa ra nambu eka vurimi hikuva swimilana swi kula kahle eka yona. Nakambe, ribuwa ri pfuna ku nyika mati eka swiharhi ni vanhu. Hikwalaho, i xiphemu xa nkoka swinene eka vutomi bya siku na siku.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Govender |first=Radhamoney |last2=Hugo |first2=Anna |date=2018-08 |title=Educators' perceptions of the Foundation Phase English Home Language Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement |url=https://doi.org/10.5785/34-1-767 |journal=Per Linguam |doi=10.5785/34-1-767 |issn=2224-0012}}</ref> Ribuwa ra nambu ri tlhela ri va kaya ra swiharhi ni swimilana swo hambanahambana. Mirhi, byanyi ni swin'wana swa kula eka ndhawu leyi hikwalaho ka ku kumeka ka mati yo tala. Tinyenyana, tinhlampfi ni swiharhi swin'wana swi tshama eka kumbe kusuhi na ribuwa ra nambu. Leswi swi endla leswaku ku va na ku hambana ka tindlela ta vutomi eka mbango. Ribuwa ri pfuna ku hlayisa ku ringanisela ka ntumbuluko.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Grundling |first=Piet-Louis |last2=Grundling |first2=Althea T. |last3=Van Deventer |first3=Heidi |last4=Le Roux |first4=Jason P. |date=2021 |title=Current state, pressures and protection of South African peatlands |url=https://doi.org/10.19189/map.2020.omb.sta.2125 |journal=Mires and Peat |volume=27 |pages=26 |doi=10.19189/map.2020.omb.sta.2125 |issn=1819-754X}}</ref> Hambiswiritano, ribuwa ra nambu ri nga onhiwa hi vanhu loko va lahlela thyaka kumbe va tsema mirhi yo tala. Ku onhaka ka ribuwa swi nga endla leswaku misava yi kukuriwa hi mati naswona swimilana swi lova. Hikokwalaho, vanhu va fanele ku hlayisa ribuwa ra nambu hi ku sivela thyaka ni ku byala mirhi. Loko ri hlayisiwa kahle, ri ta ya emahlweni ri pfuna vanhu ni swiharhi. Kutani ribuwa ra nambu i xuma xa ntumbuluko lexi faneleke ku sirheleriwa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kajee |first=Mohammed |last2=Dallas |first2=Helen F. |last3=Griffiths |first3=Charles L. |last4=Kleynhans |first4=Cornelius J. |last5=Shelton |first5=Jeremy M. |date=2023-11-22 |title=The Status of South Africa’s Freshwater Fish Fauna: A Spatial Analysis of Diversity, Threat, Invasion, and Protection |url=https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8120571 |journal=Fishes |volume=8 |issue=12 |pages=571 |doi=10.3390/fishes8120571 |issn=2410-3888}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == 1t9c5mh5cb1eyn9k0k8h311znf60nl2 0 8250 42803 2026-09-29T18:13:18Z NwaMasingita 12492 i added pictures 42803 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Xibedlele xa Elim''' i xibedlele xa mfumo lexi kumekaka e Elim eka xifundzha ntsongo xa Vhembe eLimpopo a Afrika Dzonga. Xi lawuriwa hi [[Limpopo Department of Health]] naswona i xinwana xa swibedlele leswi nyikaka vukorhokeri bya rihanyo eka vaaki va le tindhawini ta le makaya ta Vhembe.<ref>{{Cite web|title=|url=Limpopo Department of Health.idoh.gov.za|url-status=live}}</ref> '''Matimu ya Xibedlele xa Elim''' Xibedlele xa Elim xi simekiwile hi lembe ra 1899 hi varhumiwa va le Switzerland naswona eku sunguleni a xi nyika vukorhokeri bya rihanyo eka vaaki va ndhawu ngopfungopfu eka vuvabyi bya mahlo. Hi lembe ra 1949 xibedlele lexi xi hundzuke xibedlele xa mfumo naswona xi ye mahlweni xi nyika vukorhekeri bya nkoka eka vaaki lava tshamaka eka tindhawu leti nga ekusuhi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=GroundUp|url=groundup.org.za|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Hospital room ubt.jpeg|thumb|Kamara ya le xibedlele ya vavabyi]] '''Vukorhokeri bya Xibedlele''' [[Limpopo Department of Health]] yi katsa Xibedlele xa Elim eka swibedlele swa xifundzha ntsongo xa Vhembe. Xibedlele lexi xi tirhela vavaki va le ndhawini ya Elim na tindhawu leti nga ekusuhi . Xibedlele lexi xi tlhela xi va na vukorhokeri bya mahlo bya nkoka swinene. Ndzavisiso lowu endliweke eXibedlele xa Elim wu hla,usela xibedlele tani hi ndhawu ya nkoka ya vukorhokeri bya [[ophthalmology]] eka Vhenbe ku katsa ku landzelerisa vavabyi va [[glaucoma]], vukorhokeri bya vavabyi lava taka va tlhela va muka hi siku rero ni vukorhokeri bya vavabyi lava etlelaka exibedlele.<ref>{{Cite journal |title=African Vision and Eye Health |journal=avehjournal.org}}</ref> '''Ririmi ni ku hambana ka mindhavuko''' Xibedlele xa Elim xi tirha eka ndhawu leyi nga na ku hambana ka tindzimi. Ndzavisiso wu vula leswaku Vhembe i ndhawu leyi ngale makaya naswona Xitsonga i rin'wana ra tindzimi ta nkoka leti tirhisiwaka tani hi ririmi ro sungula eka ndhawu leyi. Ndzavisiso lowu wu tlhele wu tirhisa tinxaka ta tindzimi to fana na Tshivenda, Xitsonga na Xinghezi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mathiba |last2=Landela |last3=Metsing |title=Glaucoma knowledge and attitudes among diagnosed participants at a Vhembe clinic, South Africa |journal=avehjournal.org}}</ref> '''Swikombo''' <references /> bqbnmknpowvsdb06n3dn1wqrs93u5jp 42804 42803 2026-09-29T18:14:06Z NwaMasingita 12492 i added a category 42804 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Xibedlele xa Elim''' i xibedlele xa mfumo lexi kumekaka e Elim eka xifundzha ntsongo xa Vhembe eLimpopo a Afrika Dzonga. Xi lawuriwa hi [[Limpopo Department of Health]] naswona i xinwana xa swibedlele leswi nyikaka vukorhokeri bya rihanyo eka vaaki va le tindhawini ta le makaya ta Vhembe.<ref>{{Cite web|title=|url=Limpopo Department of Health.idoh.gov.za|url-status=live}}</ref> '''Matimu ya Xibedlele xa Elim''' Xibedlele xa Elim xi simekiwile hi lembe ra 1899 hi varhumiwa va le Switzerland naswona eku sunguleni a xi nyika vukorhokeri bya rihanyo eka vaaki va ndhawu ngopfungopfu eka vuvabyi bya mahlo. Hi lembe ra 1949 xibedlele lexi xi hundzuke xibedlele xa mfumo naswona xi ye mahlweni xi nyika vukorhekeri bya nkoka eka vaaki lava tshamaka eka tindhawu leti nga ekusuhi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=GroundUp|url=groundup.org.za|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Hospital room ubt.jpeg|thumb|Kamara ya le xibedlele ya vavabyi]] '''Vukorhokeri bya Xibedlele''' [[Limpopo Department of Health]] yi katsa Xibedlele xa Elim eka swibedlele swa xifundzha ntsongo xa Vhembe. Xibedlele lexi xi tirhela vavaki va le ndhawini ya Elim na tindhawu leti nga ekusuhi . Xibedlele lexi xi tlhela xi va na vukorhokeri bya mahlo bya nkoka swinene. Ndzavisiso lowu endliweke eXibedlele xa Elim wu hla,usela xibedlele tani hi ndhawu ya nkoka ya vukorhokeri bya [[ophthalmology]] eka Vhenbe ku katsa ku landzelerisa vavabyi va [[glaucoma]], vukorhokeri bya vavabyi lava taka va tlhela va muka hi siku rero ni vukorhokeri bya vavabyi lava etlelaka exibedlele.<ref>{{Cite journal |title=African Vision and Eye Health |journal=avehjournal.org}}</ref> '''Ririmi ni ku hambana ka mindhavuko''' Xibedlele xa Elim xi tirha eka ndhawu leyi nga na ku hambana ka tindzimi. Ndzavisiso wu vula leswaku Vhembe i ndhawu leyi ngale makaya naswona Xitsonga i rin'wana ra tindzimi ta nkoka leti tirhisiwaka tani hi ririmi ro sungula eka ndhawu leyi. Ndzavisiso lowu wu tlhele wu tirhisa tinxaka ta tindzimi to fana na Tshivenda, Xitsonga na Xinghezi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mathiba |last2=Landela |last3=Metsing |title=Glaucoma knowledge and attitudes among diagnosed participants at a Vhembe clinic, South Africa |journal=avehjournal.org}}</ref> '''Swikombo''' <references /> [[Category:Rihanyo]] [[Category:Xibedlele]] cmqy98anompi2307i5u6oo8vdepusvk 0 8251 42805 2026-09-29T18:16:05Z Mgingiriko 12521 i added citation 42805 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Prison Bars Jail Cell.jpg|thumb|xifaniso xa xitokisi]] Xitokisi i ndhawu leyi vanhu va hlayisiwaka eka yona loko va khomiwile kumbe va gweviwile hi ku endla vugevenga. Munhu loyi a khomiweke a nga hlayisiwa eka khotso ra maphorisa loko a ha rindzele ku humelela ekhoto.Ntirho lowukulu wa xitokisi i ku hlayisa vanhu endhawini leyi sirhelelekeke loko timhaka ta vona ta ha ri nkarhi ti lulamisiwa.Vabohiwa va fanele va kuma swilaveko swa xisekelo swo fana ni swakudya , mati yo basa , ku basisa , vutshunguri ni ndhawu yo etlela.E-Afrika-Dzonga , vanhu lava nga exitokisini va ni timfanelo , hambi loko va hehliwa kumbe va gweviwa hi vugevenga.Ntirho wa ku pfalela munhu i ku tiyisisa nsirhelelo , ku landzelela nawu , ni ku pfuna vabohiwa ku cinca mahanyelo ya vona leswaku va ta kota ku tlhelela va hanya eka vaaki.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-05-26|title=FAQ: What is the Difference Between Jail and Prison? - Prison Fellowship|url=https://www.prisonfellowship.org/resources/training-resources/in-prison/faq-jail-prison/|accessdate=2026-09-29|language=en-US}}</ref> swihlovo https://www.dcs.gov.za/ https://www.prisonfellowship.org/resources/training-resources/in-prison/faq-jail-prison/ [[Category:Swa nawu]] 6ce1ez4ornyyqntprp9dt7d30sznaou 42806 42805 2026-09-29T18:17:29Z Mgingiriko 12521 i created new article 42806 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Prison Bars Jail Cell.jpg|thumb|xifaniso xa xitokisi]] '''Xitokisi''' i ndhawu leyi vanhu va hlayisiwaka eka yona loko va khomiwile kumbe va gweviwile hi ku endla vugevenga. Munhu loyi a khomiweke a nga hlayisiwa eka khotso ra maphorisa loko a ha rindzele ku humelela ekhoto.Ntirho lowukulu wa xitokisi i ku hlayisa vanhu endhawini leyi sirhelelekeke loko timhaka ta vona ta ha ri nkarhi ti lulamisiwa.Vabohiwa va fanele va kuma swilaveko swa xisekelo swo fana ni swakudya , mati yo basa , ku basisa , vutshunguri ni ndhawu yo etlela.E-Afrika-Dzonga , vanhu lava nga exitokisini va ni timfanelo , hambi loko va hehliwa kumbe va gweviwa hi vugevenga.Ntirho wa ku pfalela munhu i ku tiyisisa nsirhelelo , ku landzelela nawu , ni ku pfuna vabohiwa ku cinca mahanyelo ya vona leswaku va ta kota ku tlhelela va hanya eka vaaki.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-05-26|title=FAQ: What is the Difference Between Jail and Prison? - Prison Fellowship|url=https://www.prisonfellowship.org/resources/training-resources/in-prison/faq-jail-prison/|accessdate=2026-09-29|language=en-US}}</ref> swihlovo https://www.dcs.gov.za/ https://www.prisonfellowship.org/resources/training-resources/in-prison/faq-jail-prison/ [[Category:Swa nawu]] 10g20kfmb8afd4dlupxiky4et5zcunk 0 8252 42808 2026-09-29T18:23:41Z Ndzhaka23 12466 Created page with "[[File:Seabank Villa across Kilfinichen Bay - geograph.org.uk - 2068875.jpg|thumb|ribuwa ra nambu]] '''Ribuwa ra nambu''' i ndhawu leyi kumekaka etlhelo ka nambu. Ndhawu leyi yi va na misava leyi nonneke hikwalaho ka mati lama humaka enambyeni. Vanhu vo tala va tirhisa ribuwa ra nambu eka vurimi hikuva swimilana swi kula kahle eka yona. Nakambe, ribuwa ri pfuna ku nyika mati eka swiharhi ni vanhu. Hikwalaho, i xiphemu xa nkoka swinene eka vutomi bya siku na siku.<ref>{{C..." 42808 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Seabank Villa across Kilfinichen Bay - geograph.org.uk - 2068875.jpg|thumb|ribuwa ra nambu]] '''Ribuwa ra nambu''' i ndhawu leyi kumekaka etlhelo ka nambu. Ndhawu leyi yi va na misava leyi nonneke hikwalaho ka mati lama humaka enambyeni. Vanhu vo tala va tirhisa ribuwa ra nambu eka vurimi hikuva swimilana swi kula kahle eka yona. Nakambe, ribuwa ri pfuna ku nyika mati eka swiharhi ni vanhu. Hikwalaho, i xiphemu xa nkoka swinene eka vutomi bya siku na siku.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Govender |first=Radhamoney |last2=Hugo |first2=Anna |date=2018-08 |title=Educators' perceptions of the Foundation Phase English Home Language Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement |url=https://doi.org/10.5785/34-1-767 |journal=Per Linguam |doi=10.5785/34-1-767 |issn=2224-0012}}</ref> Ribuwa ra nambu ri tlhela ri va kaya ra swiharhi ni swimilana swo hambanahambana. Mirhi, byanyi ni swin'wana swa kula eka ndhawu leyi hikwalaho ka ku kumeka ka mati yo tala. Tinyenyana, tinhlampfi ni swiharhi swin'wana swi tshama eka kumbe kusuhi na ribuwa ra nambu. Leswi swi endla leswaku ku va na ku hambana ka tindlela ta vutomi eka mbango. Ribuwa ri pfuna ku hlayisa ku ringanisela ka ntumbuluko.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Grundling |first=Piet-Louis |last2=Grundling |first2=Althea T. |last3=Van Deventer |first3=Heidi |last4=Le Roux |first4=Jason P. |date=2021 |title=Current state, pressures and protection of South African peatlands |url=https://doi.org/10.19189/map.2020.omb.sta.2125 |journal=Mires and Peat |volume=27 |pages=26 |doi=10.19189/map.2020.omb.sta.2125 |issn=1819-754X}}</ref> Hambiswiritano, ribuwa ra nambu ri nga onhiwa hi vanhu loko va lahlela thyaka kumbe va tsema mirhi yo tala. Ku onhaka ka ribuwa swi nga endla leswaku misava yi kukuriwa hi mati naswona swimilana swi lova. Hikokwalaho, vanhu va fanele ku hlayisa ribuwa ra nambu hi ku sivela thyaka ni ku byala mirhi. Loko ri hlayisiwa kahle, ri ta ya emahlweni ri pfuna vanhu ni swiharhi. Kutani ribuwa ra nambu i xuma xa ntumbuluko lexi faneleke ku sirheleriwa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kajee |first=Mohammed |last2=Dallas |first2=Helen F. |last3=Griffiths |first3=Charles L. |last4=Kleynhans |first4=Cornelius J. |last5=Shelton |first5=Jeremy M. |date=2023-11-22 |title=The Status of South Africa’s Freshwater Fish Fauna: A Spatial Analysis of Diversity, Threat, Invasion, and Protection |url=https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8120571 |journal=Fishes |volume=8 |issue=12 |pages=571 |doi=10.3390/fishes8120571 |issn=2410-3888}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == 1t9c5mh5cb1eyn9k0k8h311znf60nl2 0 8253 42809 2026-09-29T18:25:09Z Teddy577 12465 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1372513817|MisRed]]" 42809 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Samantha Mary Musa''' (loyi a velekiweke hi ti 8 Mudyaxihi1989), loyi a tivekaka ngopfu tani hi '''MisRed''', i munhu wa xiyanimoya wa le Zimbabwe, mukuceteri wa swa ntshamiseko, mupfuni wa vanhu, muyimeri wa brand, events MC & host xikan’we na muhaxi wa TV naswona sweswi i Mutsari. <ref>{{Cite news |title=MisRed shows off her baby bump |url=https://www.thestandard.co.zw/2017/04/09/misred-shows-off-baby-bump/ |access-date=2019-03-20 |work=The Standard Zimbabwe |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name="zimmetro">{{Cite web|date=6 July 2018|title=IN PICTURES: ZIFM, ZBC MC, MISRED IS HELL ATTRACTIVE|url=https://www.zimetro.co.zw/in-pictures-zifm/|publisher=Zimetro}}</ref> U tiveka ngopfu hi ku anchora ZiFM Stereo ku chayela hi nkarhi wa mavona kule, kuchayela swa xihatla. <ref name="profile">{{Cite web|date=2 February 2021|title=Misred|url=http://zifmstereo.co.zw/personality/misred|publisher=ZiFM Stereo}}</ref> == Vutomi byale masunguleni == Musa u velekiwile eHarare, [[Zimbabwe|eZimbabwe]] . U endlile dyondzo ya yena eXikolweni xa le Hansi xa Hallingbury, Xikolo xa le Hansi xa Bindura na Xikolo xa le Hansi xa Lewisam. U dyondze eXikolweni xale henhla xa ndhavuko na le Kholeji ya Sipesisi. <ref name="joburgtimes">{{Cite web|title=Pictures of Samantha Musa aka Misred that you will love|url=https://joburgtimes.co.za/samantha-musa-aka-misred/|publisher=Joburg Times}}</ref> == mintirho == Hi 2012, Musa u sungurile rendzo ra yena rakuva muhaxi wa xiyanimoya. U sungurile ku tirha eka ZiFM Stereo, xin'wana xa switichi swa xiya-ni-moya swa FM leswi rhangelaka [[Zimbabwe|eZimbabwe]], tanihi mufambisi-kulobye wa "The Ignition" endzhaku ka ku famba ka munhu wa le henhla, Tinopona Katsande hi nhlangula 2013. <ref>{{Cite news |date=2014-10-08 |title=MisRed: The beauty that replaced Tin Tin |url=https://www.newsday.co.zw/2014/10/misred-beauty-replaced-tin-tin/ |access-date=2019-02-23 |work=NewsDay |language=en-US}}</ref> [[Category:Living people]] gxwekbz44bjxhjt379r7uvykjbux0my 0 8254 42810 2026-09-29T18:30:19Z Ndzhaka23 12466 ni endle nhloko mhaka 42810 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ndzhuti''' ooedns7yacrmdjj7l7zyy8t6jhef03a 42813 42810 2026-09-29T18:43:24Z Ndzhaka23 12466 Ni tsale tinhlokomhaka 42813 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Shadow Person.jpg|thumb|169x169px|Xifaniso xa ndzhuti wa munhu]] '''Ndzhuti''' i xivumbeko xa munyama lexi humelelaka loko nchumu kumbe munhu a sivela ku vonakala ka dyambu kumbe ka rivoni. Loko munhu a yima ehansi ka ku vonakala, ndzhuti ya yena yi ta humelela emisaveni kumbe eka rirhangu. Ndzhuti yi landzela nchumu kumbe munhu loyi yi tumbulukeke eka yena. Leswi swi endla leswaku yi va xiphemu xa ntumbuluko lexi hi xi vonaka siku na siku. Vanhu vo tala va tirhisa ndzhuti ku kuma ndhawu ya ku titimela eka dyambu.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Govender |first=Radhamoney |last2=Hugo |first2=Anna |date=2018-08 |title=Educators' perceptions of the Foundation Phase English Home Language Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement |url=https://doi.org/10.5785/34-1-767 |journal=Per Linguam |doi=10.5785/34-1-767 |issn=2224-0012}}</ref> Ndzhuti yi na nkoka eka vutomi bya vanhu ni bya swiharhi. Hi nkarhi wa mumu lowu hisaka, vanhu va tshama ehansi ka ndzhuti wa mirhi leswaku va hunguta ku hisiwa hi dyambu. Swiharhi na swona swi lava tindhawu leti nga na ndzhuti leswaku swi wisa miri wa swona. Mirhi leyi nyikaka ndzhuti yi pfuna ku endla mbango wu va wo kufumela naswona wu tsakisa. Hikwalaho, ndzhuti yi pfuna eka rihanyo ni vuhlayiseki bya swilo leswi hanyaka.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Cheek |first=Michael D. |last2=Procheş |first2=Şerban |date=2022-07-28 |title=The value of arboreta in South Africa |url=https://doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2022/12730 |journal=South African Journal of Science |volume=118 |issue=7/8 |doi=10.17159/sajs.2022/12730 |issn=1996-7489}}</ref> Hambiswiritano, ku tsemiwa ka mirhi yo tala swi hunguta ndzhuti eka miganga ni le swikolweni. Loko ku nga ri na mirhi yo ringana, vanhu va lahlekeriwa hi tindhawu leti va titimelaka eka tona. Hikokwalaho, vanhu va fanele ku byala ni ku hlayisa mirhi leswaku ku va na ndzhuti lowu ringaneke. Leswi swi tlhela swi pfuna ku sirhelela mbango ni ku antswisa vutomi bya vaaki. Kutani ndzhuti i xiphemu xa nkoka lexi faneleke ku hlayisiwa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sebola |first=Ramagwai Joseph |last2=Willis |first2=Christopher K. |date=2025-09 |title=The South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI) and its national botanical gardens: a historical review |url=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2025.06.046 |journal=South African Journal of Botany |volume=184 |pages=1292–1312 |doi=10.1016/j.sajb.2025.06.046 |issn=0254-6299}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == 4iqelx1blqnqd5x8qxzk54fyy8uxcyq 0 8255 42811 2026-09-29T18:39:02Z Mgingiriko 12521 i added citation 42811 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Benylin Mucus Cough Max liquid medicine bottles displayed on a pharmacy shelf at Osbon Pharmacy, 1a Railway Street, Gillingham, Kent, England, on 16 October 2025.jpg|thumb|xifaniso xa murhi]] Murhi i swilo leswi tirhisiwaka ku sivela , ku tshungula kumbe ku lawula mavabyi ni swiyimo swo hammbana swa rihanyo. Mirhi yi nga pfuna ku hunguta swikombiso swo fana ni ku vava , ku hisa miri , ku khohlola kumbe mavabyi ya vuvabyi , ku ya hi muxaka wa murhi. Mirhi yin'wana yi kumeka handle ka papila ra dokodela kumbe mutirhi wa swa rihanyo. I swa nkoka ku tirhisa mirhi hi ndlela leyi faneleke naswona u landzelela swiletelo leswi nyikiweke hi dokodela , muongori , mufambisi wa mirhi kumbe leswi tsariweke eka bokisi ra murhi.Mirhi yo hambana yi tirha hi tindlela to hambana emirini.Yin'wana yi tshungula xivangelo xa vuvabyi kasi yin'wana yi pfuna ku lawula kumbe ku hunguta swikombiso swa vuvabyi. Ku tirhisa mirhi hi ndlela leyinene swi nga pfuna ku antswisa rihanyo ni ku hola hi ku hatlisa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Telfast|url=https://www.telfast.co.za/products.html|accessdate=2026-09-29|website=www.telfast.co.za}}</ref> swihlovo https://www.telfast.co.za/products.html [[Category:Rihanyo]] l3pf3f7uw1f0f9bho29gwzyj0xeg60f 42812 42811 2026-09-29T18:40:21Z Mgingiriko 12521 i published new article 42812 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Benylin Mucus Cough Max liquid medicine bottles displayed on a pharmacy shelf at Osbon Pharmacy, 1a Railway Street, Gillingham, Kent, England, on 16 October 2025.jpg|thumb|xifaniso xa murhi]] '''Murhi''' i swilo leswi tirhisiwaka ku sivela , ku tshungula kumbe ku lawula mavabyi ni swiyimo swo hammbana swa rihanyo. Mirhi yi nga pfuna ku hunguta swikombiso swo fana ni ku vava , ku hisa miri , ku khohlola kumbe mavabyi ya vuvabyi , ku ya hi muxaka wa murhi. Mirhi yin'wana yi kumeka handle ka papila ra dokodela kumbe mutirhi wa swa rihanyo. I swa nkoka ku tirhisa mirhi hi ndlela leyi faneleke naswona u landzelela swiletelo leswi nyikiweke hi dokodela , muongori , mufambisi wa mirhi kumbe leswi tsariweke eka bokisi ra murhi.Mirhi yo hambana yi tirha hi tindlela to hambana emirini.Yin'wana yi tshungula xivangelo xa vuvabyi kasi yin'wana yi pfuna ku lawula kumbe ku hunguta swikombiso swa vuvabyi. Ku tirhisa mirhi hi ndlela leyinene swi nga pfuna ku antswisa rihanyo ni ku hola hi ku hatlisa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Telfast|url=https://www.telfast.co.za/products.html|accessdate=2026-09-29|website=www.telfast.co.za}}</ref> swihlovo https://www.telfast.co.za/products.html [[Category:Rihanyo]] iy9uovok4bur519utzkoee6xew4i541 0 8256 42814 2026-09-29T18:44:44Z Ndzhaka23 12466 Created page with "[[File:Shadow Person.jpg|thumb|169x169px|Xifaniso xa ndzhuti wa munhu]] '''Ndzhuti''' i xivumbeko xa munyama lexi humelelaka loko nchumu kumbe munhu a sivela ku vonakala ka dyambu kumbe ka rivoni. Loko munhu a yima ehansi ka ku vonakala, ndzhuti ya yena yi ta humelela emisaveni kumbe eka rirhangu. Ndzhuti yi landzela nchumu kumbe munhu loyi yi tumbulukeke eka yena. Leswi swi endla leswaku yi va xiphemu xa ntumbuluko lexi hi xi vonaka siku na siku. Vanhu vo tala va tirhis..." 42814 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Shadow Person.jpg|thumb|169x169px|Xifaniso xa ndzhuti wa munhu]] '''Ndzhuti''' i xivumbeko xa munyama lexi humelelaka loko nchumu kumbe munhu a sivela ku vonakala ka dyambu kumbe ka rivoni. Loko munhu a yima ehansi ka ku vonakala, ndzhuti ya yena yi ta humelela emisaveni kumbe eka rirhangu. Ndzhuti yi landzela nchumu kumbe munhu loyi yi tumbulukeke eka yena. Leswi swi endla leswaku yi va xiphemu xa ntumbuluko lexi hi xi vonaka siku na siku. Vanhu vo tala va tirhisa ndzhuti ku kuma ndhawu ya ku titimela eka dyambu.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Govender |first=Radhamoney |last2=Hugo |first2=Anna |date=2018-08 |title=Educators' perceptions of the Foundation Phase English Home Language Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement |url=https://doi.org/10.5785/34-1-767 |journal=Per Linguam |doi=10.5785/34-1-767 |issn=2224-0012}}</ref> Ndzhuti yi na nkoka eka vutomi bya vanhu ni bya swiharhi. Hi nkarhi wa mumu lowu hisaka, vanhu va tshama ehansi ka ndzhuti wa mirhi leswaku va hunguta ku hisiwa hi dyambu. Swiharhi na swona swi lava tindhawu leti nga na ndzhuti leswaku swi wisa miri wa swona. Mirhi leyi nyikaka ndzhuti yi pfuna ku endla mbango wu va wo kufumela naswona wu tsakisa. Hikwalaho, ndzhuti yi pfuna eka rihanyo ni vuhlayiseki bya swilo leswi hanyaka.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Cheek |first=Michael D. |last2=Procheş |first2=Şerban |date=2022-07-28 |title=The value of arboreta in South Africa |url=https://doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2022/12730 |journal=South African Journal of Science |volume=118 |issue=7/8 |doi=10.17159/sajs.2022/12730 |issn=1996-7489}}</ref> Hambiswiritano, ku tsemiwa ka mirhi yo tala swi hunguta ndzhuti eka miganga ni le swikolweni. Loko ku nga ri na mirhi yo ringana, vanhu va lahlekeriwa hi tindhawu leti va titimelaka eka tona. Hikokwalaho, vanhu va fanele ku byala ni ku hlayisa mirhi leswaku ku va na ndzhuti lowu ringaneke. Leswi swi tlhela swi pfuna ku sirhelela mbango ni ku antswisa vutomi bya vaaki. Kutani ndzhuti i xiphemu xa nkoka lexi faneleke ku hlayisiwa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sebola |first=Ramagwai Joseph |last2=Willis |first2=Christopher K. |date=2025-09 |title=The South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI) and its national botanical gardens: a historical review |url=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2025.06.046 |journal=South African Journal of Botany |volume=184 |pages=1292–1312 |doi=10.1016/j.sajb.2025.06.046 |issn=0254-6299}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == 4iqelx1blqnqd5x8qxzk54fyy8uxcyq 2 8257 42816 2026-09-29T18:58:18Z SHAMAIN22 12526 Ndzi paluxepapila ra mina 42816 wikitext text/x-wiki == VUYIMBELERI BYA XITSONGA == [[File:Shangaan.jpg|thumb|VUYIMBELERI BYA XITSONGA]] VUYIMBELERI BYA XITSONGAVuyimbeleri bya Xitsonga i xiphemu xa nkoka xa ndhavuko wa Vatsonga, naswona byi katsa tinsimu, ku cina, swichayachayana ni tindlela to hambana ta ku yimbelela leti tirhisiwaka eka minkhuvo, mikhosi, mintirho ya ndhavuko ni swin’wana swa le vutshilweni bya siku na siku, laha vuyimbeleri bya ndhavuko byi katsaka swichayachayana swo fana na xitende, xizambi, xipendana, mirumba ni swichayachayana swin’wana, naswona tinsimu ni ku cina swi nga ni vuxaka swinene na matimu, ndhavuko ni mahanyelo ya Vatsonga.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Madalane |first=Ignatia Cynthia |date=2012-12-20 |title=The interplay of ethnic and other identities in Tsonga popular music |url=https://doi.org/10.5429/2225-0301.2011.23 |journal=IASPM Proceedings |publisher=International Association for the Study of Popular Music |volume=2011 |pages=171–176 |doi=10.5429/2225-0301.2011.23}}</ref> Eka matimu ya vuyimbeleri bya Xitsonga, ku ni tindlela ta khale ta vuyimbeleri leti a ti hundziseriwa hi nomo ku suka eka xitukulwana xin’wana ku ya eka xin’wana, naswona ndzavisiso wa vuyimbeleri bya Vatsonga wu komba leswaku ku yimbelela ni ku cina a ku ri xiphemu xa nkoka eka swiendlo swo hambana swa vaaki,<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Madalane |first=Ignatia |date=2015 |title=From Paul to Penny: the emergence and development of Tsonga disco 1985-1990s |url=https://doi.org/10.21504/amj.v10i1.1230 |journal=African Music: Journal of the International Library of African Music |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=150–179 |doi=10.21504/amj.v10i1.1230 |issn=0065-4019}}</ref> ku katsa minkhuvo, minkhuvo ya ndhavuko, mintirho ni swiendlakalo swin’wana swa vaaki, kasi swichayachayana swa ndhavuko swo fana na xizambi, xitende na xipendana swi komba vutshila<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bila |first=Vonani F. |date=2021-11-03 |title=Ku Hluvukile eka ‘Zete’: Recovering history and heritage through the influence of Xitsonga disco muso, Obed Ngobeni |url=https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v77i2.6806 |journal=HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies |volume=77 |issue=2 |doi=10.4102/hts.v77i2.6806 |issn=2072-8050}}</ref> byo hambana bya Vatsonga eka ku endla ni ku tirhisa swichayachayana.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bila |first=Vonani F. |date=2021-11-03 |title=Ku Hluvukile eka ‘Zete’: Recovering history and heritage through the influence of Xitsonga disco muso, Obed Ngobeni |url=https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v77i2.6806 |journal=HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies |volume=77 |issue=2 |doi=10.4102/hts.v77i2.6806 |issn=2072-8050}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == <references /> 7xrfz55dmetkxxmci0gf6i4eeedp79s 42826 42816 2026-09-29T20:01:31Z SHAMAIN22 12526 ndzi paluxe papila ra mina 42826 wikitext text/x-wiki == vuyimbeleri bya xitsonga == Vuyimbeleri bya Xitsonga i xiphemu xa nkoka xa ndhavuko wa Vatsonga, naswona byi katsa tinsimu, ku cina, swichayachayana ni tindlela to hambana ta ku yimbelela leti tirhisiwaka eka minkhuvo, mikhosi, mintirho ya ndhavuko ni swin’wana swa le vutshilweni bya siku na siku, laha vuyimbeleri bya ndhavuko byi katsaka swichayachayana swo fana na xitende, xizambi, xipendana, mirumba ni swichayachayana swin’wana, naswona tinsimu ni ku cina swi nga ni vuxaka swinene na matimu, ndhavuko ni mahanyelo ya Vatsonga.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Madalane |first=Ignatia Cynthia |date=2012-12-20 |title=The interplay of ethnic and other identities in Tsonga popular music |url=https://doi.org/10.5429/2225-0301.2011.23 |journal=IASPM Proceedings |publisher=International Association for the Study of Popular Music |volume=2011 |pages=171–176 |doi=10.5429/2225-0301.2011.23}}</ref> Eka matimu ya vuyimbeleri bya Xitsonga, ku ni tindlela ta khale ta vuyimbeleri leti a ti hundziseriwa hi nomo ku suka eka xitukulwana xin’wana ku ya eka xin’wana, naswona ndzavisiso wa vuyimbeleri bya Vatsonga wu komba leswaku ku yimbelela ni ku cina a ku ri xiphemu xa nkoka eka swiendlo swo hambana swa vaaki,<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Madalane |first=Ignatia |date=2015 |title=From Paul to Penny: the emergence and development of Tsonga disco 1985-1990s |url=https://doi.org/10.21504/amj.v10i1.1230 |journal=African Music: Journal of the International Library of African Music |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=150–179 |doi=10.21504/amj.v10i1.1230 |issn=0065-4019}}</ref> ku katsa minkhuvo, minkhuvo ya ndhavuko, mintirho ni swiendlakalo swin’wana swa vaaki, kasi swichayachayana swa ndhavuko swo fana na xizambi, xitende na xipendana swi komba vutshila<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bila |first=Vonani F. |date=2021-11-03 |title=Ku Hluvukile eka ‘Zete’: Recovering history and heritage through the influence of Xitsonga disco muso, Obed Ngobeni |url=https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v77i2.6806 |journal=HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies |volume=77 |issue=2 |doi=10.4102/hts.v77i2.6806 |issn=2072-8050}}</ref> byo hambana bya Vatsonga eka ku endla ni ku tirhisa swichayachayana.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bila |first=Vonani F. |date=2021-11-03 |title=Ku Hluvukile eka ‘Zete’: Recovering history and heritage through the influence of Xitsonga disco muso, Obed Ngobeni |url=https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v77i2.6806 |journal=HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies |volume=77 |issue=2 |doi=10.4102/hts.v77i2.6806 |issn=2072-8050}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == <references /> 3vt7kc2sax5efhni94hlxwxpz1xuntq 42859 42826 2026-09-30T06:56:11Z SHAMAIN22 12526 Ndzi paluxepapila ra mina 42859 wikitext text/x-wiki == Vuyimbeleri bya xitsonga == [[File:Shangaan.jpg|thumb|Vuyimbeleri bya xitsonga]] Vuyimbeleri bya Xitsonga i xiphemu xa nkoka xa ndhavuko wa Vatsonga, naswona byi katsa tinsimu, ku cina, swichayachayana ni tindlela to hambana ta ku yimbelela leti tirhisiwaka eka minkhuvo, mikhosi, mintirho ya ndhavuko ni swin’wana swa le vutshilweni bya siku na siku, laha vuyimbeleri bya ndhavuko byi katsaka swichayachayana swo fana na xitende, xizambi, xipendana, mirumba ni swichayachayana swin’wana, naswona tinsimu ni ku cina swi nga ni vuxaka swinene na matimu, ndhavuko ni mahanyelo ya Vatsonga.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Madalane |first=Ignatia Cynthia |date=2012-12-20 |title=The interplay of ethnic and other identities in Tsonga popular music |url=https://doi.org/10.5429/2225-0301.2011.23 |journal=IASPM Proceedings |publisher=International Association for the Study of Popular Music |volume=2011 |pages=171–176 |doi=10.5429/2225-0301.2011.23}}</ref> Eka matimu ya vuyimbeleri bya Xitsonga, ku ni tindlela ta khale ta vuyimbeleri leti a ti hundziseriwa hi nomo ku suka eka xitukulwana xin’wana ku ya eka xin’wana, naswona ndzavisiso wa vuyimbeleri bya Vatsonga wu komba leswaku ku yimbelela ni ku cina a ku ri xiphemu xa nkoka eka swiendlo swo hambana swa vaaki,<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Madalane |first=Ignatia |date=2015 |title=From Paul to Penny: the emergence and development of Tsonga disco 1985-1990s |url=https://doi.org/10.21504/amj.v10i1.1230 |journal=African Music: Journal of the International Library of African Music |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=150–179 |doi=10.21504/amj.v10i1.1230 |issn=0065-4019}}</ref> ku katsa minkhuvo, minkhuvo ya ndhavuko, mintirho ni swiendlakalo swin’wana swa vaaki, kasi swichayachayana swa ndhavuko swo fana na xizambi, xitende na xipendana swi komba vutshila<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bila |first=Vonani F. |date=2021-11-03 |title=Ku Hluvukile eka ‘Zete’: Recovering history and heritage through the influence of Xitsonga disco muso, Obed Ngobeni |url=https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v77i2.6806 |journal=HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies |volume=77 |issue=2 |doi=10.4102/hts.v77i2.6806 |issn=2072-8050}}</ref> byo hambana bya Vatsonga eka ku endla ni ku tirhisa swichayachayana.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bila |first=Vonani F. |date=2021-11-03 |title=Ku Hluvukile eka ‘Zete’: Recovering history and heritage through the influence of Xitsonga disco muso, Obed Ngobeni |url=https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v77i2.6806 |journal=HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies |volume=77 |issue=2 |doi=10.4102/hts.v77i2.6806 |issn=2072-8050}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == <references /> 2m5m0lq10mdu2cmqvqp9gw9jx0f9a6z 0 8258 42817 2026-09-29T19:04:40Z Ndzhaka23 12466 ni endle swihlovo 42817 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Jori Drum being Played.png|thumb|diromu ro chaya]] '''Diromu i''' xitirhisiwa xa vuyimbeleri lexi humesaka mpfumawulo loko xi biwa hi mavoko kumbe hi tinhonga to biha. Xi tirhisiwa ngopfu eka minyanya, mimpfuno ya ndhavuko ni minkhuvo yo hambanahambana. Mpfumawulo wa diromu wu pfuna ku nyika vuyimbeleri rivilo ni ku tsakisa vanhu lava yingiselaka. Eka miganga yo tala, diromu i xiphemu xa nkoka xa ndhavuko. Leswi swi endla leswaku ri va xitirhisiwa lexi xiximiwaka swinene.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Govender |first=Radhamoney |last2=Hugo |first2=Anna |date=2018-08 |title=Educators' perceptions of the Foundation Phase English Home Language Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement |url=https://doi.org/10.5785/34-1-767 |journal=Per Linguam |doi=10.5785/34-1-767 |issn=2224-0012}}</ref> Diromu ri tlhela ri pfuna vanhu ku kombisa mintlhaveko ya vona hi ku tirhisa vuyimbeleri ni ncino. Loko ku ri na minkhuvo, vanhu va hlengeletana leswaku va yimbelela ni ku cina hi ku landza rivilo ra diromu. Leswi swi tiyisa vun'we ni vuxaka exikarhi ka swirho swa vaaki. Vana na vona va dyondza hi ndhavuko wa vona hi ku tirhisa swichayachayana leswi katsaka diromu. Hikwalaho, diromu ri pfuna ku hlayisa ndhavuko leswaku wu nga lahleki.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sandroni |first=Carlos |date=2023-11-17 |title=Popular Music and Heritage Embarrassment in Brazil1 |url=https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003244158-16 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-003-24415-8 |location=London |pages=191–205}}</ref> Hambiswiritano, switirhisiwa swa manguva lawa swi endle leswaku vanhu van'wana va nga ha tirhisi diromu ngopfu ku fana ni khale. Kambe diromu ra ha ri na nkoka eka ku hlayisa ndhavuko ni histori ya vaaki. Swi fanele ku dyondzisiwa vantshwa ndlela yo tirhisa ni ku hlayisa xitirhisiwa lexi. Loko swi endliwa, ndhavuko wu ta tshama wu ri kona eka switukulwana leswi taka. Kutani diromu i xuma xa ndhavuko lexi faneleke ku xiximiwa ni ku hlayisiwa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Statement by Mr. Saho, Executive Director for South Africa, July 31, 2013|url=https://doi.org/10.5089/9781616355241.002.a005|accessdate=2026-09-29|website=doi.org}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == ntoibk7jg63uhumgiaz5mimnabqda1o 0 8259 42818 2026-09-29T19:05:27Z Ndzhaka23 12466 Created page with "[[File:Jori Drum being Played.png|thumb|diromu ro chaya]] '''Diromu i''' xitirhisiwa xa vuyimbeleri lexi humesaka mpfumawulo loko xi biwa hi mavoko kumbe hi tinhonga to biha. Xi tirhisiwa ngopfu eka minyanya, mimpfuno ya ndhavuko ni minkhuvo yo hambanahambana. Mpfumawulo wa diromu wu pfuna ku nyika vuyimbeleri rivilo ni ku tsakisa vanhu lava yingiselaka. Eka miganga yo tala, diromu i xiphemu xa nkoka xa ndhavuko. Leswi swi endla leswaku ri va xitirhisiwa lexi xiximiwaka..." 42818 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Jori Drum being Played.png|thumb|diromu ro chaya]] '''Diromu i''' xitirhisiwa xa vuyimbeleri lexi humesaka mpfumawulo loko xi biwa hi mavoko kumbe hi tinhonga to biha. Xi tirhisiwa ngopfu eka minyanya, mimpfuno ya ndhavuko ni minkhuvo yo hambanahambana. Mpfumawulo wa diromu wu pfuna ku nyika vuyimbeleri rivilo ni ku tsakisa vanhu lava yingiselaka. Eka miganga yo tala, diromu i xiphemu xa nkoka xa ndhavuko. Leswi swi endla leswaku ri va xitirhisiwa lexi xiximiwaka swinene.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Govender |first=Radhamoney |last2=Hugo |first2=Anna |date=2018-08 |title=Educators' perceptions of the Foundation Phase English Home Language Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement |url=https://doi.org/10.5785/34-1-767 |journal=Per Linguam |doi=10.5785/34-1-767 |issn=2224-0012}}</ref> Diromu ri tlhela ri pfuna vanhu ku kombisa mintlhaveko ya vona hi ku tirhisa vuyimbeleri ni ncino. Loko ku ri na minkhuvo, vanhu va hlengeletana leswaku va yimbelela ni ku cina hi ku landza rivilo ra diromu. Leswi swi tiyisa vun'we ni vuxaka exikarhi ka swirho swa vaaki. Vana na vona va dyondza hi ndhavuko wa vona hi ku tirhisa swichayachayana leswi katsaka diromu. Hikwalaho, diromu ri pfuna ku hlayisa ndhavuko leswaku wu nga lahleki.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sandroni |first=Carlos |date=2023-11-17 |title=Popular Music and Heritage Embarrassment in Brazil1 |url=https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003244158-16 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-003-24415-8 |location=London |pages=191–205}}</ref> Hambiswiritano, switirhisiwa swa manguva lawa swi endle leswaku vanhu van'wana va nga ha tirhisi diromu ngopfu ku fana ni khale. Kambe diromu ra ha ri na nkoka eka ku hlayisa ndhavuko ni histori ya vaaki. Swi fanele ku dyondzisiwa vantshwa ndlela yo tirhisa ni ku hlayisa xitirhisiwa lexi. Loko swi endliwa, ndhavuko wu ta tshama wu ri kona eka switukulwana leswi taka. Kutani diromu i xuma xa ndhavuko lexi faneleke ku xiximiwa ni ku hlayisiwa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Statement by Mr. Saho, Executive Director for South Africa, July 31, 2013|url=https://doi.org/10.5089/9781616355241.002.a005|accessdate=2026-09-29|website=doi.org}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == ntoibk7jg63uhumgiaz5mimnabqda1o 2 8260 42820 2026-09-29T19:26:20Z Scotch Neverdie 12518 Ndzi tumbuluxe papila ra draft 3 42820 wikitext text/x-wiki Nyarhi Xana nyarhi i yini? Kuna muxaka wun’we ntsena wa tinyarhi e Afrika kambe tinxaka letintsongo ta mune leti hambaneke ti kona: forest buffalo, West African savanna buffalo, Central African buffalo, na southern savanna buffalo (leyi tivekaka tani hi Cape buffalo). Tinyarhi ta savanna i swiharhi leswikulu, swo tika leswi fanaka na tihomu. A ti hambananga ngopfu hi vukulu ntsena kambe hi swivumbeko swa timhondzo ta tona ni mihlovo ya tona. Hi ntolovelo letikulu tina muhlovo wa wasi wo dzwihala kumbe wa ntima (kumbe hambi kuri ku languteka titshuka kumbe to basa loko ti tshame ti rhendzeleka eka ndzhope wa muvala wolowo) naswona vana vatala kuva na muhlovo wotshuka-buraweni. Tinyarhi letitsongo ta le khwatini ti hlayisa muhlovo wo tshwuka hambiloko se ti kurile, hambileswi evupela-dyambu bya Uganda, tinyarhi to tala ta le savana na tona ti nga to tshwuka kumbe ta orenji wo dzwihala ematshan’weni ya ntima. Vanhu lavakulu va lahlekeriwa hi misisi loko va ri karhi va dyuhala. Ta xinuna na ta xisati tina timhondzo to tika, letingana swirhendzevutani leti milaka hiku kongoma kusuka enhlokweni kutani ti goveka kuya ehansi kutani ti ya ehenhla. Timhondzo i matlhari yo chavisa yo lwisana na swiharhi leswi dyaka swiharhi naswona ya tirhisiwa loko ku tsutsumela ndhawu endzeni ka ntlhambi; ta xinuna ti tirhisa timhondzo loko ti lwela ku fuma.<ref name=":1">https://www.awf.org/wildlife-conservation/african-buffalo</ref> == swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke<ref name=":1" /> == <references /> [[Category:Guwela]] eei17hqhc1ia8amz6jqtboh6vzrdern 0 8261 42821 2026-09-29T19:27:10Z PhumlaniMabasa 12525 Added reference 42821 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bienenwabe mit Eiern und Brut 5.jpg|thumb|Xifaniso xa vulombe]] Vulombe i swakudya swa ntumbuluko leswi nandzihaka, swinamarhelaka, naswona swi endliwaka hi tinyoxi. Tinyoxi ti teka mati ya swiluva kutani ti ma hundzula, ti tlhela ti byi hlayisa eka tindlu ta tona ta vulombe. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Briggs |first=Margaret |date=2014 |title=Honey and Bees |publisher=Lorenz Books |isbn=9781861472151}}</ref> Vulombe byi pfuna swinene eka rihanyo ra vanhu naswona byi pfuna hi tindlela to hambana. Vulombe i swakudya swa ntumbuluko naswona byi nyika munhu matimba loko a byi dya hikuva byina chukele ra ntumbuluko, byi hunguta ku khohlola niku vava ka nanhamu ngopfu ngopfu eka vanhu lavankulu ni vana lava vanga ehenhla ka lembe rinwe, byi nga lwa ni switsongwatsongwana, naswona vulombe byina vutshunguri byi nga tirhisiwa ku khathalela timbanga loko munhu a vavisekile, byi nga tlhela byi va ndlela yinwana yo sweka swakudya ematshane'weni yo tirhisa chukele ku nga tirhisiwa vulombe, kambe byi fanele ku tirhisiwa hi mpimo lowu faneleke hikuva byi na chukele ro tala. Naswona vulombe byi nga ha tlhela byi tirhisiwa ku chela etiyeni no baka.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Briggs |first=Margaret |date=2014 |title=Honey and Bees |publisher=Lorenz Books |isbn=9781861472151}}</ref> Vulombe a byi talanga leswaku byi vanga mavabyi hi byoxe kambe ku dya vulombe byo tala swi vangela munhu swiphiqo swa rihanyo swo tanihi ku bola ka meno hikuva vulombe byi na chukele ro tala, ku engeteleka ka miri loko byi dyiwa hi xitalo, chukele ra ngati ri va ehenhla ngopfu ngopfu eka vanhu lava nga na vuvabyi bya chukele, eka vana ri vangela vuvabyi bya "Botulism" ngopfu ngopfu eka vana lava nga ehansi ka lembe rin'we loko va dya vulombe. Ku dya vulombe byo tala swi endla ku ka unga tshamiseki ekhwirhini eka vanhu vanwana. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Briggs |first=Margaret |date=2014 |title=Honey and Bees |publisher=Lorenz Books |isbn=9781861472151}}</ref> <references /> 7mq8774lhz43a65yqx2xrgloyx484mx 2 8262 42823 2026-09-29T19:35:06Z SHAMAIN22 12526 Ndzi paluxepapila ra mina 42823 wikitext text/x-wiki == RIRHANDZU == [[File:Emoji u1f495.svg|thumb|RIRHANDZU]] Rirhandz u i rito ra Xitsonga leri vulaka rirhandzo kumbe ku rhandzana, naswona ri yimela ndlela leyi vanhu va kombisanaka ha yona ntwelavusiwana, xichavo, vunghana ni ku khathalelana eka vuxaka bya vona.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Nxumalo |first=Ntiyiso Elijah |date=2025-05-15 |title=The Morpho-Semantic Analysis of Some Dog Names Among the VaTsonga |url=https://doi.org/10.2307/jj.29048696.22 |last2=Baloyi |first2=Mafemani Joseph |publisher=Langaa RPCIG |isbn=978-9956-0-0373-0 |pages=371–396}}</ref> Rirhandz u i mhaka ya nkoka eka ndyangu ni le ka vaaki hikuva ri nga pfuna ku aka vuxaka byo tiya, ku kondletela ku twanana, ku hlayisa vunghana ni ku endla leswaku vanhu va khathala hi vuhlayiseki bya van’wana. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mlambo |first=Respect |last2=Muzi |date=2026-02-06 |title=A sociolinguistic analysis of terms of address in Xitsonga literary texts |url=https://doi.org/10.4102/lit.v47i1.2233 |journal=Literator |volume=47 |issue=1 |doi=10.4102/lit.v47i1.2233 |issn=0258-2279}}</ref> Eka matsalwa ya Xitsonga,<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mlambo |first=Respect |last2=Muzi |date=2026-02-06 |title=A sociolinguistic analysis of terms of address in Xitsonga literary texts |url=https://doi.org/10.4102/lit.v47i1.2233 |journal=Literator |volume=47 |issue=1 |doi=10.4102/lit.v47i1.2233 |issn=0258-2279}}</ref> rirhandz u ri nga tirhisiwa ku hlamusela matitwelo ya vanhu, vuxaka bya vatekani kumbe vunghana, naswona ri tlhela ri humelela eka vutshila ni tibuku ta Xitsonga leswaku ri hlamusela ndlela leyi rirhandzo ri nga vaka ha yona xiphemu xa nkoka xa mahanyelo ni ndhavuko wa vanhu. Rirhandzu a wu ri voni ho vona hi swiendlo loko munhu a endle xo karhi xo komba rirhandzu <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Shirindzi |first=Lebogang Steven |last2=Maluleke |first2=Ndzalama |date=2025-07-03 |title=The Prevalence of Corruption in Society as Depicted in Selected Xitsonga Poems |url=https://doi.org/10.25159/1753-5387/18952 |journal=Journal of Literary Studies |volume=41 |doi=10.25159/1753-5387/18952 |issn=1753-5387}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == <references /> 3alb7dz3ia5gd8tw4di3yuh6808wxyq 2 8263 42824 2026-09-29T19:50:09Z SHAMAIN22 12526 Ndzi paluxepapila ra mina 42824 wikitext text/x-wiki == VUKUNGUMBYANA == [[File:10 - hands shaking with euro bank notes inside handshake - royalty free, without copyright, public domain photo image 01 (cropped).JPG|thumb|VUKUNGUBYANA]] Vukungubyana i mhaka leyi khumbaka ndlela leyi vanhu va hanyisanaka ha yona, laha ku nga vaka ni ku tshemba, ku pfunana, ku twanana ni ku hlayisana leswaku vuxaka bya vanhu byi va na xisekelo lexi tiyeke. Eka ndhavuko wa Vatsonga, vukungubyana byi nga vonaka eka ndlela leyi mindyangu, maxaka ni vaakelani va tirhisanaka ha yona, ngopfu-ngopfu loko ku ri na minkhuvo, timhangu, mintirho ya ndhavuko kumbe swiyimo leswi lavaka leswaku vanhu va hlangana va pfunana. Vukungubyana byi tlhela byi va nkoka eka ku aka vaaki lava nga ni vun’we, hikuva loko vanhu va kota ku yingiselana, ku xiximana ni ku pfuna van’wana, swi nga tiyisa vuxaka bya vaaki naswona swi nga pfuna ku hlayisa mikhuva, ririmi ni ndhavuko wa xitiko xa Vatsonga. 7ixpx040vr728wdfi69he0xzlefxyul 42874 42824 2026-09-30T08:06:06Z SHAMAIN22 12526 Ndzi paluxepapila ra mina 42874 wikitext text/x-wiki == VUKUNGUMBYANA == [[File:Hand stop corruption icon 226069.png|thumb|VUKUNGUBYANA]] Vukungubyana i mhaka leyi khumbaka ndlela leyi vanhu va hanyisanaka ha yona, laha ku nga vaka ni ku tshemba, ku pfunana, ku twanana ni ku hlayisana leswaku vuxaka bya vanhu byi va na xisekelo lexi tiyeke.<ref>{{Cite book |date=2005-04-07 |title=Tsonga |url=https://doi.org/10.1093/acref/9780195301731.013.43684 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-530173-1}}</ref> Eka ndhavuko wa Vatsonga, vukungubyana byi nga vonaka eka ndlela leyi mindyangu,<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Madhavan |first=Sangeetha |last2=Gross |first2=Mark |date=2013-03-01 |title=Kin in Daily Routines: Time Use and Childrearing in Rural South Africa |url=https://doi.org/10.3138/jcfs.44.2.175 |journal=Journal of Comparative Family Studies |volume=44 |issue=2 |pages=175–191 |doi=10.3138/jcfs.44.2.175 |issn=0047-2328}}</ref> maxaka ni vaakelani va tirhisanaka ha yona, ngopfu-ngopfu loko ku ri na minkhuvo, timhangu, mintirho ya ndhavuko kumbe swiyimo leswi lavaka leswaku vanhu va hlangana va pfunana. Vukungubyana byi tlhela byi va nkoka eka ku aka vaaki lava nga ni vun’we, hikuva loko vanhu va kota ku yingiselana, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Chekero |first=Tamuka |last2=Morreira |first2=Shannon |date=2020-04 |title=Mutualism Despite Ostensible Difference: HuShamwari, Kuhanyisana, and Conviviality Between Shona Zimbabweans and Tsonga South Africans in Giyani, South Africa |url=https://doi.org/10.1177/0002039720914311 |journal=Africa Spectrum |volume=55 |issue=1 |pages=33–49 |doi=10.1177/0002039720914311 |issn=0002-0397}}</ref>ku xiximana ni ku pfuna van’wana, swi nga tiyisa vuxaka bya vaaki naswona swi nga pfuna ku hlayisa mikhuva, ririmi ni ndhavuko wa xitiko xa Vatsonga.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Khosa-Nkatini |first=Hundzukani P. |date=2023-05-31 |title=Ubuntu and mourning practices in the Tsonga culture: Rite of passage |url=https://doi.org/10.4102/ve.v44i1.2682 |journal=Verbum et Ecclesia |volume=44 |issue=1 |doi=10.4102/ve.v44i1.2682 |issn=2074-7705}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == <references /> 5eg8mcc7lk79g6yh1vdqu9gvi0d4n3q 0 8264 42827 2026-09-29T20:14:44Z Teddy577 12465 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1333822932|Izenzo (song)]]" 42827 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Izenzo''' <ref>{{Cite news |last=Silangwe |first=Lulo |title=Bassie & Aymos song Izenzo reached double Platinum |url=https://www.briefly.com/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200616071809/https://www.briefly.com/ |archive-date=2020-06-16 |access-date=2024-01-09 |work=Briefly}}</ref> i risimu rinwe ra vayimbeleri va Afrika Dzonga Bassie na Aymos hiku tirhisana na T-Man SA, yihumesiwe hi ti 22 mhawuri 2023 hi ntirisano na Sony. Yi tsariwile hi Babili Aymos & Basetsana Bassie. == Matirhelo ya ximali == Risimu leri ri tsarisiwile hi 3× Pilatinamu eAfrika-Dzonga. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2023-01-19|title='Izenzo' Reaches Multi-Platinum Status {{!}} Slikouronlife|url=https://slikouronlife.co.za/blog/26124/izenzo-reaches-multi-platinum-status|accessdate=2024-07-03|website=Slikouronlife}}</ref> === ndzhuniso === "Izenzo" received nominations for Song of the Year and won Best Music Video at the 18th ceremony of Metro FM Music Awards.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/metro-fm-music-awards-2024-all-nominees|work=Music in Africa|title=Metro FM Music Awards 2024: All the nominees|first=Ano |last=Shumba|date=2024-04-03|access-date=2024-07-03}}</ref> In addition, the song received nomination for Amapiano Artist of the Year at the 2024 Basadi in Music Awards. At the 30th ceremony of South African Music Awards Izenzo earned nomination for Motsepe Foundation Record of the Year. {{Awards table}} !{{abbr|Ref.|References}} |- |rowspan=4|2024 |rowspan=4|"Izenzo" |Song of the Year |{{nom}} |rowspan=2|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.metrofm.co.za/metrofm/metro-fm-music-awards-2024-winners-announced/|title=METRO FM MUSIC AWARDS 2024 WINNERS ANNOUNCED|work=Metro FM|access-date=2024-07-03}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|work=Tshisa LIVE|access-date=2024-06-10|date=2024-07-03|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2024-04-29-full-list--kabza-de-small-mthunzi-win-big-at-metro-fm-music-awards/|title=FULL LIST {{!}} Kabza De Small, Mthunzi win big at Metro FM Music Awards|url-access=subscription}}</ref> |- |Best Music Video |{{won}} |- |Amapiano Artist of the Year |{{nom}} | |- |Motsepe Foundation Record of the Year |{{nom}} |<ref>{{cite web|title=#SAMA30 unveils nominees for the Motsepe Foundation Record of the Year and RiSA Audio Visual (RAV) Music Video of the Year Awards|access-date=2024-08-26|date=2024-08-14|work=South African Music Awards|url=https://samusicawards.co.za/sama30-unveils-nominees-for-the-motsepe-foundation-record-of-the-year-and-risa-audio-visual-rav-music-video-of-the-year-awards/}}</ref> |} acxlzluaazq5lh5ex269hdiox166f93 42828 42827 2026-09-29T20:15:04Z Quinlan83 8214 Fix 42828 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Izenzo''' <ref>{{Cite news |last=Silangwe |first=Lulo |title=Bassie & Aymos song Izenzo reached double Platinum |url=https://www.briefly.com/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200616071809/https://www.briefly.com/ |archive-date=2020-06-16 |access-date=2024-01-09 |work=Briefly}}</ref> i risimu rinwe ra vayimbeleri va Afrika Dzonga Bassie na Aymos hiku tirhisana na T-Man SA, yihumesiwe hi ti 22 mhawuri 2023 hi ntirisano na Sony. Yi tsariwile hi Babili Aymos & Basetsana Bassie. == Matirhelo ya ximali == Risimu leri ri tsarisiwile hi 3× Pilatinamu eAfrika-Dzonga. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2023-01-19|title='Izenzo' Reaches Multi-Platinum Status {{!}} Slikouronlife|url=https://slikouronlife.co.za/blog/26124/izenzo-reaches-multi-platinum-status|accessdate=2024-07-03|website=Slikouronlife}}</ref> === ndzhuniso === "Izenzo" received nominations for Song of the Year and won Best Music Video at the 18th ceremony of Metro FM Music Awards.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/metro-fm-music-awards-2024-all-nominees|work=Music in Africa|title=Metro FM Music Awards 2024: All the nominees|first=Ano |last=Shumba|date=2024-04-03|access-date=2024-07-03}}</ref> In addition, the song received nomination for Amapiano Artist of the Year at the 2024 Basadi in Music Awards. At the 30th ceremony of South African Music Awards Izenzo earned nomination for Motsepe Foundation Record of the Year. {{Awards table}} !{{abbr|Ref.|References}} |- |rowspan=4|2024 |rowspan=4|"Izenzo" |Song of the Year |{{nom}} |rowspan=2|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.metrofm.co.za/metrofm/metro-fm-music-awards-2024-winners-announced/|title=METRO FM MUSIC AWARDS 2024 WINNERS ANNOUNCED|work=Metro FM|access-date=2024-07-03}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|work=Tshisa LIVE|access-date=2024-06-10|date=2024-07-03|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2024-04-29-full-list--kabza-de-small-mthunzi-win-big-at-metro-fm-music-awards/|title=FULL LIST {{!}} Kabza De Small, Mthunzi win big at Metro FM Music Awards|url-access=subscription}}</ref> |- |Best Music Video |{{won}} |- |Amapiano Artist of the Year |{{nom}} | |- |Motsepe Foundation Record of the Year |{{nom}} |<ref>{{cite web|title=#SAMA30 unveils nominees for the Motsepe Foundation Record of the Year and RiSA Audio Visual (RAV) Music Video of the Year Awards|access-date=2024-08-26|date=2024-08-14|work=South African Music Awards|url=https://samusicawards.co.za/sama30-unveils-nominees-for-the-motsepe-foundation-record-of-the-year-and-risa-audio-visual-rav-music-video-of-the-year-awards/}}</ref> |} g8ddjxq22w7taxh9y54gada39nek1rq 2 8265 42829 2026-09-29T20:51:00Z Zeeluna 12489 wrote an article 42829 wikitext text/x-wiki J John the Big Baby J John the Big Baby loyi vito ra yena ra ntiyiso ku nga Mahlori Baloyi u velekiwile emugangeni wa ka Dzingidzingi ehansi ka doroba ra Giyani, eXifundzhenikulu xa Limpopo, Afrika-Dzonga, laha a kuleleke a nghene hi nhloko eka ndhavuko lowu hanyaka wa muganga wa ka vona. Ku sukela loko a ha ri ntsongo, John a a tsakisiwa hi vuyimbeleri, ngopfu-ngopfu swichayachayana swa kwalaho ni mimpfumawulo ya le madorobeni, leswi n’wi hlohloteleke ku ringeta ku tsala tinsimu ni ku tlanga. Ku kurisiwa ka yena eka ndzhawu yo vulavula Xitsonga swi vumbe rito ra yena, swi n’wi nyika vuxaka byo enta na timitsu ta ndhavuko wa yena loko a ri karhi a kurisa ku navela ka hip-hop ya manguva lawa na vuyimbeleri bya le madorobeni.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Josplay |title=J John The Big Baby |url=https://music.josplay.com/artist/J%20John%20The%20Big%20Baby |access-date=2026-09-29 |website=Josplay |language=en}}</ref> U sungurile [[ntirho]] wa yena wa vuyimbeleri bya xiphurofexinali eku sunguleni ka malembe ya va 2020, a humesa [[tinsimu]] to sungula leti a ti kombisa ku tinyiketela ka yena hi [[matimba]] na ku vulavula hi switori swa ntiyiso. Ti''single'' to sungula to fana na Giyani na Waswitiva ti n’wi pfunile ku simeka vukona eka ti streaming platforms na ku aka valandzeri vo tshembeka exikarhi ka vayingiseri va Afrika-Dzonga.<ref name=":1" /> Hi lembe ra 2023, J John the Big Baby u humesile alibamu ya yena yo sungula ya vulehi hinkwabyo, Mafela Ndleleni, leyi kombiseke vuswikoti bya yena byo hlanganisa tinsimu ta ndhavuko ta Xitsonga na vuhumelerisi bya hip-hop bya manguva lawa. Lembe leri landzelaka, u landzerile hi "XITHLAVI (2024)," laha a nga na tinsimu to fana na Dzunga Nenge, leswi yaka emahlweni swi tiyisisa ndhuma ya yena leyi a yi kula eka vuyimbeleri bya xifundzha. Ntirhisano wa J John wu vile na xiphemu xa nkoka eka riendzo ra yena ra vutshila. U tirhile na VEEKAT AKUOLOVI, Magoda, na Salani The Producer, a humelela eka tinsimu to fana na "MAGODA (2024)," "Gimora (2025)," na "Ku Tshungula (2025)." Tiphurojeke leti ti kombisa ku cinca-cinca ka yena na vuswikoti byo tirha ku tsemakanya switayele loko a ri karhi a hlayisa [[mpfumawulo]] wa yena wa xisayini. Tinsimu ta sweswinyana to fana na "Sunroof (2025)" na "Shine Shine" (2025) ti ndlandlamuxe ku fikelela ka yena ku tlula vayingiseri va miganga, leswi n'wi vekaka tanihi munhu loyi a tlakukeke eka vuyimbeleri bya le madorobeni bya Afrika-Dzonga. Loko a ha ri eku sunguleni ka ntirho wa yena, J John The Big Baby u kumile ku xiximiwa hi ndlela ya yena yo hlawuleka eka ku vulavula hi switori, ntiyiso wa ndhavuko, na vuyimbeleri lebyi cinca-cincaka.<ref name=":1" /> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == <references /> [[Category:Vunanga]] [[Category:Vutshila]] [[Category:Ndhavuko]] tknc50wmfnjgjug859z4j2bgp2zbj9v 42830 42829 2026-09-29T20:51:49Z Zeeluna 12489 42830 wikitext text/x-wiki J John the Big Baby '''J John the Big Baby''' loyi vito ra yena ra ntiyiso ku nga Mahlori Baloyi u velekiwile emugangeni wa ka Dzingidzingi ehansi ka doroba ra Giyani, eXifundzhenikulu xa Limpopo, Afrika-Dzonga, laha a kuleleke a nghene hi nhloko eka ndhavuko lowu hanyaka wa muganga wa ka vona. Ku sukela loko a ha ri ntsongo, John a a tsakisiwa hi vuyimbeleri, ngopfu-ngopfu swichayachayana swa kwalaho ni mimpfumawulo ya le madorobeni, leswi n’wi hlohloteleke ku ringeta ku tsala tinsimu ni ku tlanga. Ku kurisiwa ka yena eka ndzhawu yo vulavula Xitsonga swi vumbe rito ra yena, swi n’wi nyika vuxaka byo enta na timitsu ta ndhavuko wa yena loko a ri karhi a kurisa ku navela ka hip-hop ya manguva lawa na vuyimbeleri bya le madorobeni.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Josplay |title=J John The Big Baby |url=https://music.josplay.com/artist/J%20John%20The%20Big%20Baby |access-date=2026-09-29 |website=Josplay |language=en}}</ref> U sungurile [[ntirho]] wa yena wa vuyimbeleri bya xiphurofexinali eku sunguleni ka malembe ya va 2020, a humesa [[tinsimu]] to sungula leti a ti kombisa ku tinyiketela ka yena hi [[matimba]] na ku vulavula hi switori swa ntiyiso. Ti''single'' to sungula to fana na Giyani na Waswitiva ti n’wi pfunile ku simeka vukona eka ti streaming platforms na ku aka valandzeri vo tshembeka exikarhi ka vayingiseri va Afrika-Dzonga.<ref name=":1" /> Hi lembe ra 2023, J John the Big Baby u humesile alibamu ya yena yo sungula ya vulehi hinkwabyo, Mafela Ndleleni, leyi kombiseke vuswikoti bya yena byo hlanganisa tinsimu ta ndhavuko ta Xitsonga na vuhumelerisi bya hip-hop bya manguva lawa. Lembe leri landzelaka, u landzerile hi "XITHLAVI (2024)," laha a nga na tinsimu to fana na Dzunga Nenge, leswi yaka emahlweni swi tiyisisa ndhuma ya yena leyi a yi kula eka vuyimbeleri bya xifundzha. Ntirhisano wa J John wu vile na xiphemu xa nkoka eka riendzo ra yena ra vutshila. U tirhile na VEEKAT AKUOLOVI, Magoda, na Salani The Producer, a humelela eka tinsimu to fana na "MAGODA (2024)," "Gimora (2025)," na "Ku Tshungula (2025)." Tiphurojeke leti ti kombisa ku cinca-cinca ka yena na vuswikoti byo tirha ku tsemakanya switayele loko a ri karhi a hlayisa [[mpfumawulo]] wa yena wa xisayini. Tinsimu ta sweswinyana to fana na "Sunroof (2025)" na "Shine Shine" (2025) ti ndlandlamuxe ku fikelela ka yena ku tlula vayingiseri va miganga, leswi n'wi vekaka tanihi munhu loyi a tlakukeke eka vuyimbeleri bya le madorobeni bya Afrika-Dzonga. Loko a ha ri eku sunguleni ka ntirho wa yena, J John The Big Baby u kumile ku xiximiwa hi ndlela ya yena yo hlawuleka eka ku vulavula hi switori, ntiyiso wa ndhavuko, na vuyimbeleri lebyi cinca-cincaka.<ref name=":1" /> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == <references /> [[Category:Vunanga]] [[Category:Vutshila]] [[Category:Ndhavuko]] e0w0v9ilj78dau94ekwp5jq20em5czj 0 8266 42831 2026-09-29T20:56:14Z Teddy577 12465 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1374680868|Zanda Zakuza]]" 42831 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zanda Zakuza''', utlhela ativeka tani hi '''Zanda "Dragon" Zakuza''' i muyimbeleri na mutsari wa tinsimu wa le kaya na kwaito wa Afrika Dzonga. U velekiwe no kulela eUmlazi, u fikelerile ndhuma leyikulu endzhaku ko kutrhisana navanwani eka nghoma ta yinwe yinwe ta "Skeleton Move" hi Master KG na "Club Controller" (2019) hi Prince Kaybee. <ref>{{Citation |last=FM |first=METRO |title=ZANDA ZAKUZA |url=https://iono.fm/e/560800 |access-date=2020-07-14 |language=en}}</ref> == Vutomi na ntirho == Zakuza u beburiwe no kurisiwa eDurban, KwaZulu-Natal kambe ndyangu wa yena wu huma eBizana e Eastern Cape . U dyondze xikolo xa le henhla xa nti ntombhi xa Pinetown ndhaka sweswo u tsarisile eYunivhesiti ya KwaZulu-Natal, laha a dyondzeleke vuyimbeleri,laha atiyimesele hi jazz. Zanda u tshikile hi lembe ra vumbirhi ku ya yisa swa vuyimbeleri; yena, hambiswiritano, endzhaku u tlhelele ekholichi ku ya dyondzela vufambisi bya mabindzu na switirhisiwa swa vanhu. <ref>{{Cite web|last=Karen|first=Carol|date=2019-04-26|title=Top Zanda Zakuza facts: Age, Songs, Albums, Parents and Videos|url=https://briefly.co.za/28694-zanda-zakuza-biography-age-songs-albums-parents-videos.html|accessdate=2020-07-14|website=Briefly|language=en}}</ref> Loko a ha ri ntsongo a a tsakela ku cina na mintlangu, naswona u nghenelerile eka vuyimbeleri loko a ha ri exikolweni xa le henhla. <ref>{{Cite web|last=Matjebele|first=Palesa|title=Zanda's rise and fall to stardom|url=https://www.news24.com/move/celebs/zandas-rise-and-fall-to-stardom-20180928|accessdate=2020-07-14|website=Move|language=en}}</ref> [[Category:Living people]] i4trtw4elanimvljjoz9exclo6u26cn 0 8267 42832 2026-09-29T20:57:30Z Scotch Neverdie 12518 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1377213171|Cheetah]]" 42832 wikitext text/x-wiki Xikakaka i muxaka wa swimanga leyikulu naswona hi yona ntsena xirho lexi hanyaka xa muxaka wa ''swimanga leswikulu''. xikakaka i xiharhi lexi hlongorisaka naswona i xiharhi xa misava lexi hatlisaka swinene, lexi kotaka ku tsutsuma eka 93–104 km/h (58–65) hi awara mph) , yi hundzukile hi rivilo, yi ri ni misiha ya matimba ya le ndzhaku ni nkolo wo leha wa le ndzhaku. xikakaka yina voya byo basa bya thawuni kuya eka khirimi lebyi tivekaka hi swivati swa ntima leswi ringanaka, leswi tiyeke. Nhloko ya yona i yitsongo naswona i xirhendzevutani, yina nomu wo koma na swirhendzevutani swa ntima leswi fanaka na mihloti emahlweni. Yi na ku leha ka 67–94 cm (2,20–3,08) hi xitalo ) ekatleni, naswona ku leha ka nhloko na miri swile xikarhi ka 1.1 and 1.5 m (3.) ft 7 eka na 4 ft 11 endzeni). Vanhu lavakulu va tika exikarhi ka 21 and 65 kg (46 na 143 lb). xikakaka yi hlamuseriwe ro sungula hi sayese eku heleni ka lembe xidzana ra vu 18. Tinxaka letitsongo ta mune ta tiviwa namuntlha leti tumbulukaka [[Afrika]] ni le xikarhi ka [[Iran]] . Muxaka lowuntsongo wa Afrika wu nghenisiwile e India hi 2022, sweswi yi hangalasiwa ngopfu eka tinxaka letintsongo, leti hambanisiweke e n’walungu vupela dyambu, vuxa na dzonga wa Afrika nale xikarhi ka Iran. Yi tshama etindhawini to hambana-hambana to tanihi ti savhana eSerengeti, tintshava leti omeke Sahara, ni tindhawu ta mananga leti nga ni switshuka. xikakaka xi hanya eka mintlawa yinharhu leyikulu ya ntshamisano : ya xisati na swinyenyani swa yona, ya xinuna, na ya xinuna leyi nga yoxe. Loko ta xisati ti hanya vutomi byo rhurha ti lava swiharhi leswi dyaka eka tindhawu letikulu ta le makaya, ta xinuna ti tshama ngopfu naswona ematshan’weni ya sweswo ti lava eka tindhawu letitsongo swinene etindhawini leti nga ni swiharhi swo tala ni ku fikelela ta xisati. xikakaka xi tirha hi nkarhi wa nhlikani, yiva na tihlohlori hi nkarhi wa xidyambu. xidya swiharhi leswintsongo kuya eka swale xikarhi, ngopfu ngopfu switika ehansi ka 40 kg (88.) kg lb), naswona yitsakela swihadyani swa mavoko swa vukulu byale xikarhi swofana na mhala, mhuti . xikakaka hi ntolovelo xi hlongorisa naswona xi tshinelela xiharhi lexi yi xi dyaka eka 30–200 m (98-656.) Xitatimende xa Xitsonga ft) yi nga si hlasela hi rivilo lerikulu, yi ba xiharhi lexi xi xi dlayeke hi dewclaw ya yona yi ri karhi yi yi hlongorisa hi ku helela ivi yi xi dlaya hi ku luma nhamu.Yi tswala lembe hinkwaro.Endzhaku ka ku tika ka kwalomu ka tinhweti tinharhu, ta xisati ti tswala xihlangi xa swinyenyani swinharhu kumbe mune, leswi lumuriwaka loko swiri na kwalomu ka mune wa tinhweti naswona switiyimela hi swoxe loko swiri na kwalomu ka 20 wa tinhweti hi vukhale. Swinyenyana swa swikakaka swi hlaseriwa swinene hi swiharhi swin’wana leswikulu leswi dyaka nyama , leti na tona hi ntolovelo ti yivaka ku dlaya eka ti xikakaka letikulu. jp0kejm1eemmovnyo9spockvyzjy5b6 0 8268 42834 2026-09-29T21:18:49Z Zeeluna 12489 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1337754168|Deon Hotto]]" 42834 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Deon Hotto Kavendji''' (loyi a velekiweke hi ti 29 Khotavuxika 1990) i mutlangi wa bolo ya milenge wa xiphurofexinali wa le Namibia loyi a tlangaka tanihi mutlangi wa le xikarhi eka xipano xa Premier Division xa Afrika Dzonga xa [[Orlando Pirates FC|Orlando Pirates]] na xipano xa rixaka xa Namibia. Hi n'hweti ya Mudyaxihi hi lembe ra 2015, u nghenise magoza mambirhi eka mahelo ya Khapu ya COSAFA ya 2015 ku pfuna Namibia ku hlula xidlodlo xa yona xo sungula xa matiko ya misava. Hotto u tekiwa tanihi un’wana wa mutlangi lonene wa Orlando Pirates eka nguva ya manguva lawa u hlule kombo (7) wa swidlodlo na xipano xa X4 MTN 8 wa swidlodlo 2 wa tikhapu ta Nedbank 1 Khapu ya Carling 2024 Nedbank cup runners up 2021 CAF Confederatios cup runnersup <ref>{{Cite web|date=30 May 2015|title=Namibia 2 Mozambique 0 – As it happened|url=http://www.cosafa.com/live-namibia-vs-mozambique-17h30-local-15h30-gmt/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150531010352/http://www.cosafa.com/live-namibia-vs-mozambique-17h30-local-15h30-gmt/|archive-date=31 May 2015|publisher=[[COSAFA]]}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Living people]] hmdadjjhbs66vwhii92ib439v8swe8t 0 8269 42835 2026-09-29T21:46:10Z Zeeluna 12489 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1376185782|Sipho Chaine]]" 42835 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sipho Justin Chaine''' (loyi a velekiweke hi siku ra ti 14 hi n'hweti ya N'wendzamhala hi lembe ra 1996) i mutlangi wa bolo ya milenge wa Afrika Dzonga loyi a tlangaka tanihi n'wa tipala wa xipano xa [[Orlando Pirates FC|Orlando Pirates]] eka Premiership ya Afrika Dzonga na xipano xa rixaka xa Afrika Dzonga. U hlawuriwile ku va n'wa tipala wa nguva ya Premiership ya Afrika Dzonga wa nguva ya 2025 na 2026. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Kappel|first=David|date=2025-07-29|title=All 24/25 PSL Awards Winners Revealed|url=https://www.idiskitimes.co.za/local/all-24-25-psl-awards-winners-revealed/|accessdate=2025-07-30|website=iDiski Times|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Modiba|first=Katlego|date=2026-07-27|title=Mofokeng sweeps top honours as Pirates dominate PSL Awards|url=https://www.citizen.co.za/sport/soccer/local-soccer/mofokeng-sweeps-top-honours-as-pirates-dominate-psl-awards/|accessdate=2026-07-28|website=The Citizen|language=en}}</ref> Chaine u tlangile eka Bloemfontein Celtic, exikarhi ka van’wana eka Diski Challenge Shield, naswona u tsarisiwile eka xipano xa le henhla. <ref name="celtic">{{Cite news |last=Baleka, Mihlali |date=15 March 2023 |title=Sipho Chaine credits support and mentality for settling in quickly at Orlando Pirates |url=https://www.iol.co.za/sport/soccer/psl/sipho-chaine-credits-support-and-mentality-for-settling-in-quickly-at-orlando-pirates-a4cc78d8-5056-4d7c-81d6-a376fe44464c |access-date=26 July 2024 |publisher=IOL}}</ref> U endlile ntlango wa yena wo sungula eka xiyimo xo sungula hi n'hweti ya Mudyaxihi hi lembe ra 2019 eka ku hlula ka 3-1 eka AmaZulu FC, eka leswi a swi ta va ku humelela ka yena ntsena eka nguva leyi. A ta kuma timinete to tala eka nguva ya 2020/2021, laha a nga tlanga nhlayo ya 15 wa mitlango eka mphikizano hinkwawo eka Bloemfontein Celtic. Loko Royal AM yi xava xiyimo xa Bloemfontein Celtic, Chaine uyile emahlweni eka xipano xexo, kambe anga vona karhi wo tlanga. <ref name="celtic" /> Hi ximumu xa 2022, Chaine u sayiniwile eka Chippa United . Endzhaku ka ku tlanga kambirhi ntsena eka Chippa United, Chaine u sayiniwile hi n'hweti ya Ndzhati hi lembe ra 2022, hi siku ro hetelela ra fasitere ro cinca, hi xipano lexikulu xa [[Orlando Pirates FC|Orlando Pirates]]. <ref>{{Cite news |last= |date=22 September 2022 |title=Confirmed: Pirates Complete 2nd Deadline Day Signing |url=https://www.idiskitimes.co.za/featured/confirmed-pirates-complete-2nd-deadline-day-signing/ |access-date=26 July 2024 |publisher=iDiski Times}}</ref> U sungurile tanihi nhlawulo wa vunharhu endzhaku ka Richard Ofori na Siyabonga Mpontshane, kambe endzhaku ka ku wisa ka Khapu ya Misava ya 2022, Chaine u hetelele a swi kotile ku sungula ntlangu wa yena wo sungula eka Orlando Pirates. U tshamile ari nhlawulo wosungula eka nguva hinkwayo, ku katsa na ku hlula ka Pirates eka 2022–23 Nedbank Cup. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Madlala, Robin-Duke |date=4 June 2023 |title=Chaine Pinching Himself At Pirates' Trophy Success |url=https://www.idiskitimes.co.za/nedbank-cup/chaine-pinching-himself-at-pirates-trophy-success/ |access-date=26 July 2024 |publisher=iDiski Times}}</ref> Hi karhi lowu fanaka, van’wana va vule leswaku Chaine u hlayisa ticlean sheet ti nga ri tingani. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Ditlhobolo, Austin |date=4 May 2023 |title=Orlando Pirates goalkeeping issue: Should Ofori start ahead of Chaine in Soweto Derby with only five clean sheets in 17 matches? |url=https://www.goal.com/en-za/news/orlando-pirates-goalkeeping-ofori-start-chaine-in-soweto-derby-five-clean-sheets-in-17-matches/blt589c43a192d45e0d |access-date=26 July 2024 |publisher=Goal}}</ref> Eka nguva ya 2023–24, Chaine u humelerile tani hi n'wa tipala wo sungula, a tlila Richard Ofori eka maendlelo lawa. Vunhenha bya yena eka ku duvula ka penalty loko va hlangana na Mamelodi Sundowns byi pfunile xipano ku hlula eka MTN 8 ya 2023 hi n'hweti ya Hlangula hi lembe ra 2023. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Ngidi, Njabulo |date=7 October 2023 |title=Orlando Pirates retain MTN8 crown through Sipho Chaine's gifted hands |url=https://www.news24.com/sport/soccer/psl/orlando-pirates-retain-mtn8-crown-through-sipho-chaines-gifted-hands-20231007 |access-date=26 July 2024 |publisher=News 24}}</ref> Hi nkarhi lowu fanaka, u vavisekile eka mphikizano wa makumu wa MTN 8, naswona u hlayisiwile a nga tlangi ku fikela hi February 2024. <ref>{{Cite news |last= |date=29 December 2023 |title=Chaine back from injury for Buccaneers |url=https://supersport.com/football/dstv-premiership/news/83796732-01b4-4ebe-bf55-d43e4c029961/chaine-back-from-injury-for-buccaneers |access-date=26 July 2024 |publisher=Super Sport}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news |last=Madyira, Michael |date=16 February 2024 |title=Sipho Chaine: Orlando Pirates provide latest injury update on goalkeeper ahead of crunch Mamelodi Sundowns tie |url=https://www.goal.com/en/lists/sipho-chaine-orlando-pirates-provide-latest-injury-update-on-goalkeeper-ahead-of-crunch-mamelodi-sundowns-tie/blta515eabaddb6f603#cse996d1ce54e34ce8 |access-date=26 July 2024 |publisher=16 February 2024}}</ref> Loko a vuya kusuka eka ku vaviseka, Chaine u pfunetile ku hlula eka 2023–24 Nedbank Cup. Hi nkarhi wa nkoka eka mahelo ya khapu, Chaine u ponise penalty eka Lucas Ribeiro Costa eka timinete to sungula ta ntlango. <ref>{{Cite news |last= |date=1 June 2024 |title=Pirates Complete Cup Double Win Over Sundowns With Nedbank Cup Title |url=https://www.idiskitimes.co.za/nedbank-cup/pirates-complete-cup-double-win-over-sundowns-with-nedbank-cup-title/ |access-date=26 July 2024 |publisher=iDiski Times}}</ref> Chaine ari n'wa tipala wa nguva ya Premiership ya Afrika Dzonga hi 2024–25 na 2025–26 wa Premiership ya Afrika Dzonga. <ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":1" /> Ku tlanga ka Chaine ka tinyeleti eka Orlando Pirates swi n’wi endle leswaku a vitaniwa eka xipano xa rixaka xa Afrika-Dzonga. U tlangile ro sungula hi siku ra vukume (10) hi n'hweti ya Ndzhati hi lembe ra 2024 eka ntlango wo ringanela Khapu ya Matiko ya Afrika loko va hlangana na Sudan Dzonga eXitediyamu xa Juba. <ref>{{Cite web|date=10 September 2024|title=South Sudan v South Africa game report|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2024/09/10/africa/africa-cup-of-nations-qualification/south-sudan/south-africa/4406443/|publisher=Soccerway}}</ref> Hi siku ro sungula (1) ra n'hweti ya N'wendzamhala hi lembe ra 2025, Chaine u vitaniwile eka xipano xa Afrika Dzonga eka Khapu ya Matiko ya Afrika ya 2025. <ref>{{Cite web|date=1 December 2025|title=TotalEnergies AFCON Morocco 2025 fever rises as Broos become first coach to unveil final squad|url=https://www.cafonline.com/afcon2025/news/totalenergies-afcon-morocco-2025-fever-rises-as-broos-become-first-coach-to-unveil-final-squad/|accessdate=12 December 2025|publisher=[[Confederation of African Football]]}}</ref> Hi ti 28 ta Mawuwani 2026, u hlawuriwile hi mufambisi Hugo Broos ku yimela tiko ra yena eka Khapu ya Misava ya FIFA ya 2026. <ref>{{Cite web|date=28 May 2026|title=La liste de l'Afrique du Sud pour le Mondial, adversaire du Mexique dans le match d'ouverture de la Coupe du monde|url=https://www.lequipe.fr/Football/Actualites/La-liste-de-l-afrique-du-sud-pour-le-mondial-adversaire-du-mexique-dans-le-match-d-ouverture-de-la-coupe-du-monde/1679499|accessdate=9 June 2026|website=L'Équipe|language=fr}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2026-06-03|title=Chaine gets special seat at World Cup|url=https://www.kickoff.com/world-news/fifa-world-cup-2026-1/sipho-chaine-standing-at-2026-fifa-world-cup|accessdate=2026-08-01|website=Kick Off|language=en}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Living people]] 2jvuxfpsx78juqe1mrm1vyuh0324dcl 2 8270 42837 2026-09-29T22:00:02Z Zeeluna 12489 Created page with "[[File:Basella alba leaves 27052014.jpg|center|thumb|505x505px|xifaniso xa matluka]] Matluka '''Rito''' leri nge matluka rivula xirho lexi endlaka xiphemu lexikulu xa lateral appendage eka [[nsinya]] wa swimilani. Hi xitalo, matluka i swirho swo olova, swa xiphepherhele leswi nga na vutihlamuleri eka photosynthesis ya ximilani. Hambi leswi photosynthesis hi ntolovelo yi humelelaka ntsena eka xiphemu xale henhla xa tluka, yinga humelela eka matlhelo hamambirhi eka tinxa..." 42837 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Basella alba leaves 27052014.jpg|center|thumb|505x505px|xifaniso xa matluka]] Matluka '''Rito''' leri nge matluka rivula xirho lexi endlaka xiphemu lexikulu xa lateral appendage eka [[nsinya]] wa swimilani. Hi xitalo, matluka i swirho swo olova, swa xiphepherhele leswi nga na vutihlamuleri eka photosynthesis ya ximilani. Hambi leswi photosynthesis hi ntolovelo yi humelelaka ntsena eka xiphemu xale henhla xa tluka, yinga humelela eka matlhelo hamambirhi eka tinxaka tin’wana ta swimilani. Matluka hi ntolovelo ya vumbiwa hi [[xivumbeko]] xale henhla nale hansi lexi hambaneke, stomata yo cincana hi gasi, waxy coating, voya na venation. Xiphemu xin’wana na xin’wana xa tluka ra hambana mayelana na mpimo lowu swivumbeko leswi swi kombisiwaka ha wona. Hambi leswi matluka ya talaka ku kumeka ehenhla ka misava, tinxaka tin’wana tina matluka lawa ya tshamaka ehansi ka misava (e.g., bulb scales) kumbe ehansi ka mati (e.g., tinxaka ta swimilani swale matini). Ku tlula kwalaho, matluka ya swimilani swin’wana yanga fambelanisiwa na photosynthesis (e.g., cataphylls). Hi ntolovelo matluka ya kongomisiwe eka [[ximilani]] ku papalata ku sivela ku vonakala ka dyambu ka matluka lawa ya kumekaka ehansi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Editors |first=B. D. |date=2017-08-20 |title=Leaf - Definition, Function and Types {{!}} Biology Dictionary |url=https://biologydictionary.net/leaf/ |access-date=2026-09-29 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == <references /> [[Category:Ximilana]] [[Category:Rhavi]] 8e6wsm0vc06vd13xh9j2rr2l3uoveao 0 8271 42839 2026-09-29T22:08:37Z MissJesus 12475 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1331926742|Confidence]]" 42839 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Sidebar/styles.css"></templatestyles><nowiki><b>ku tshembiwa</b></nowiki> i ku titwa u ri ni ripfumelo kumbe ku tshemba leswaku munhu kumbe nchumu wa tshembeka. '''Ku titshemba''' i Ku titshemba. Ku titshemba swi katsa ku pfumela leswinene leswaku munhu a nga fikelela leswi a swi lavaka ku swi endla enkarhini lowu taka.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |first=87–93}}</ref> Ku titshemba a swi fani na ku tshemba munhu. Ku titshemba swi fambelana na ku tiyimelela - ku pfumela eka vuswikoti bya munhu byo fikelela ntirho wo karhi .<ref>{{Cite journal |first=218–230}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |first=693–710}}</ref> Ku tshemba ku nga va vuprofeta lebyi ti hetisisaka, tanihi leswi lava nga riki na byona va nga tsandzekaka hikuva va pfumala byona, naswona lava nga na byona va nga va humelela hikuva va na byona ematshan'weni ya vuswikoti kumbe vutshila bya ntumbuluko. Ku titshemba swi fambelana no tirhandza. == Matimu == Mianakanyo mayelana ni swivangelo na mimbuyelo ya ku titshemba yi humelerile eka minkandziyiso ya ririmi ra Xinghezi leyi hlamuselaka swihlawulekisi swa langutelo ro sandza Xikwembu, xivumbeko xa mfumo wa Britain, na ndhavuko wa vanhu va le Amerika va nkarhi wa vukoloni. === Swivangelo leswi fambisanaka ni ku titshemba === Munhu a nga va ni ku titshemba eka vuswikoti bya yena byo hetisa ntirho wo karhi (ku tiyimela) - xikombiso, ku sweka swakudya leswinene kumbe ku tsala xibukwana lexinene - hambi leswi a nga ha vaka a nga titshembi hi ku angarhela, kumbe a nga titetekele hambi leswi a a nga ri na vuswikoti byo fikelela ntirho wo karhi. Tinxaka leti timbirhi ta ku titshemba, hambi swi ri tano, ti fambelana, naswona hikwalaho ka xivangelo lexi, ti nga hlanganisiwa hi ku olova.<ref>{{Cite journal |first=319–328}}</ref> Vativi va miehleketo va kume leswaku ku titshemba ku fambisana ni ku cinca-cinca ka miehleketo ku katsa ku hlayisa mali,<ref>{{Cite journal |first=212–218}}</ref> ku kucetela van'wana,<ref name="Mowday 709–725">{{Cite journal |first=709–725}}</ref> na ku va xichudeni lexi nga ni vutihlamuleri.<ref>{{Cite journal |first=73–80}}</ref> Ku titshemba swi khumba ku tsakela, ku hisekela ni ku tilawula.<ref name="Foundations">{{Cite journal |first=169–171}}</ref> Ku titshemba i swa nkoka eku fikeleleni ka swikongomelo na ku antswisa matirhelo. Valavisisi va swa mabindzu va kume leswaku ku titshemba ka munhu hi ku angarhela ku fambelana ni mpimo wa ku vilela ka yena.<ref>{{Cite journal |first=268–274}}</ref> Ku titshemba swi engetela vuhlayiseki bya munhu hi ku angarhela na nsusumeto wa munhu<ref>{{Cite journal |first=19–57}}</ref> leswi hakanyingi swi engetelaka matirhelo.<ref>{{Cite journal |first=1536–1557}}</ref> Swi tlhela swi engetela vuswikoti bya munhu byo langutana ni ntshikilelo ni rihanyo ra miehleketo. Loko munhu a titshemba swinene, a nga tali ku fambisana ni swiboho swa van'wana.<ref>{{Cite journal |first=629–636}}</ref> Ku titshemba loku tlakukeke ku fambelana na vanhu lava vekaka swikongomelo swa le henhla. Loko vanhu va langutana ni ku biwa va nga eneriseki hikuva a va swi koti ku fikelela pakani yo karhi, vanhu lava nga ni ku titshemba ka le henhla va nga ha phikelela swinene eku fikeleleni ka swikongomelo swa vona, kasi lava nga riki na ku titshembela ka le hansi va tala ku tshika hi ku hatlisa.<ref>{{Cite journal |first=1017–1028}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |first=1017–1028}}</ref> Albert Bandura u vule leswaku ku titshemba ka munhu ku kombisa vuswikoti. Loko vanhu va nga tshembi leswaku va kota ku tiyiselela, va tokota ku kavanyeteka loku hungutaka ku titshemba ka vona hi matirhelo ya vona.<ref>{{Cite journal |first=33–40}}</ref> Vaxavisi lava titshembaka ngopfu va tala ku ti vekela tipakani ta le henhla, leswi swi va endlaka va tshama va thoriwile,<ref>{{Cite journal |first=88–98}}</ref> va kuma mali ya le henhla, naswona va endla leswaku vaxavi va eneriseka. Eka swiyenge swin'wana swa vutshunguri, vavabyi a va titshembi hi nkarhi wa ku hlakarhela. Leswi swi tala ku vuriwa DSF kumbe {{Lang|la|defectum sui fiducia}} ku suka eka Xilatini hikwalaho ka ku pfumaleka ka ku titshemba. Leswi swi nga va tano endzhaku ka ku oma swirho, loko muvabyi a papalata ku tirhisa xirho xa le hansi lexi tsaneke hikwalaho ko chava leswaku a xi tiyanga hi ndlela leyi ringaneke.<ref>{{Cite journal |first=38–44}}</ref> Eka ku titshemba ku tlula mpimo, Martin Hilbert u vula leswaku ku titshembisa ku nga hlamuseriwa hi ku cinca ka pongo ka vumbhoni lebyi nga riki bya xiviri byi va ku pimanyeta ka munhu hi yexe, laha pongo ri hlamuseriwaka tanihi ku hlanganisiwa ka mianakanyo hi nkarhi wa ku xiyisisa ni ku tsundzuka.<ref name="HilbertPsychBull">{{Cite journal |first=211–237}}</ref> Dominic D. P. Johnson na James H. Fowler va tsala leswaku "ku titshemba ku tlula mpimo swi endla leswaku munhu a va ni rihanyo lerinene naswona vanhu va tala ku titshemba ngopfu, ntsendze loko mimpfuno ya switirhisiwa leswi phikizaniwaka yi ri yikulu swinene loko yi pimanisiwa ni nxavo wa mphikizano".<ref>{{Cite journal |first=317–320}}</ref> Eka minkambisiso ya ku tixixima, valavisisi va kume leswaku vanhu va nga ha vika hi ndlela leyi hundzeletiweke hi ku tixiva.<ref>{{Cite journal |first=679}}</ref> Ku tikambisisa loku nga pakanisiki ku tala ku voniwa eka vanhu lava hanyeke kahle. Hi ndlela leyi hundzeletiweke, ku hambana lokukulu exikarhi ka ku tivonela ka munhu ni mahanyelo ya yena ya xiviri i mfungho wa mavabyi yo hlayanyana lama nga ni tinhlamuselo ta nkoka eku twisiseni ku lava vutshunguri ni ku landzelela.<ref>{{Cite journal |first=2108–2119}}</ref> Ku titshemba ku tlula mpimo swi seketela mianakanyo ku kanganyisa, yo tanihi leswi swi talaka ku humelela eka vanhu lava nga ni Vuvabyi bya ku pfilunganyeka ka mianakanyo.<ref>{{Cite journal |first=268}}</ref> Loko munhu, loko a endla xiboho, a lava swihlovo swin'wana swa mahungu swi titshege hi mpimo wa ku titshemba ka yena eka ndhawu yoleyo. Loko ku rharhangana ka xiboho ku ya ku kula, munhu u tala ku kuceteriwa hi munhu un'wana kutani a lava mahungu lama engetelekeke.<ref name=":2" /> Vativi vo tala va miehleketo va ringanyeta leswaku vanhu lava titshembaka va tiyimiserile ku kambisisa vumbhoni lebyi seketelaka ni ku kanetana ni malangutelo ya vona. Hi nkarhi wolowo, vanhu lava nga titshembiki ngopfu naswona va tiyimelelaka ngopfu va nga ha tsakela mahungu ya langutelo ku tlula mahungu lama tlhontlhaka mavonelo ya vona. Loko vanhu lava nga titshembi ngopfu va kuma tinhlamulo leti humaka eka van'wana, a va swi lavi ku kuma mahungu mayelana ni vuswikoti bya vona byo karhi ni tinhlamuselo leti nga riki tinene, naswona a va swi rhandzi ku kuma tinhlamuselo letinene. Loko mahungu lamantshwa mayelana ni matirhelo ya munhu ma ri yo biha, leswi swi nga ha tirhisana ni xiyimo xo biha xa mintlhaveko (ku titshemba ka le hansi) leswi endlaka leswaku munhu a hela matimba, leswi na swona swi vangaka langutelo ro tixanisa leri engetelaka ku tsandzeka enkarhini lowu taka ku tlula loko va nga pfumali ku titshemba. Vanhu va nga ha titshemba swinene hi leswi va swi pfumelaka loko va languta swihlovo swa mahungu leswi pfumelelanaka ni mavonelo ya vona ya misava.<ref>{{Cite book |first1=41–80}}</ref> Vanhu va nga ha tixisa hi timfanelo ta vona letinene ni timfanelo ta van'wana leswaku va ta kombisa ku titshemba lokukulu ku tlula leswi va nga swi twaka, xisweswo va kota ku hluvuka hi tlhelo ra ntshamisano na hi tlhelo ra timali.<ref>{{Cite journal |first=1–16}}</ref> === Ku titshemba eka van'wana === Vanhu lava titshembaka ngopfu va tala ku tsakisa van'wana, tanihi leswi van'wana va va tekaka va ri ni vutivi naswona va nga ha endlaka swiboho leswi faneleke.<ref>{{Cite journal |first=39–57}}</ref> Ku nga khathariseki leswi, ku hlangana ko biha minkarhi yin'wana ku kumeka exikarhi ka xiyimo xa ku titshemba ka vona na ku pakanisa ka leswi va swi vulaka.<ref>{{Cite journal |first=127–131}}</ref> Loko vanhu va nga tiyiseki naswona va nga tivi nchumu hi mhaka yo karhi, va tala ku pfumela vumbhoni,<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal |first=817–845}}</ref> kutani va landzela switsundzuxo swa lava va tikombaka va titshemba.<ref>{{Cite journal |first=345–366}}</ref> Hambi swi ri tano, vumbhoni bya vativi va miehleketo eka swilo leswi khumbaka mianakanyo ya timbhoni leti ti swi voneke hi mahlo byi vonaka byi hunguta ku titshega ka muavanyisi eka ku titshemba.<ref name=":5" /> Vanhu va rhandza varhangeri lava titshembaka ngopfu ku tlula lava va nga titshembiki ngopfu. Varhangeri lava titshembaka va tala ku kucetela van'wana hi ku n'wi khorwisa ematshan'weni yo tirhisa tindlela to sindzisa. Va tala ku tlhantlha swiphiqo hi ku swi rhumela eka munhu un'wana la nga ni vutshila kumbe ku endla leswaku ku va ni maendlelo ya mfumo, lama papalataka ku katseka ka munhu hi yexe. Van'wana va ringanyeta leswaku ku titshemba a ku khumbi ndlela leyi a nga na yona vurhangeri kambe ku fambisana ntsena ni malembe ya ntokoto wa vulanguteri ni ku tivonela hi matimba.<ref name="Mowday 709–725" /> === Vana ni swichudeni === Eka vana, ku titshemba ku humelela hi ndlela yo hambana ku tlula eka vanhu lavakulu. Hi xikombiso, i vana ntsena tanihi ntlawa lava nga titshembaka ku tlula vana van'wana.<ref name="Fenton 546–556">{{Cite journal |first=546–556}}</ref> Loko vana va titshemba, va nga ha nyikela hi nkarhi wa vuhungasi wa xihatla leswaku va kuma hakelo enkarhini lowu taka, ku antswisa vuswikoti bya vona byo tilawula.<ref>{{Cite journal |first=3–17}}</ref> Ku humelela ka vana eka vuyimbeleri swi engetela ku titshemba, ku engetela nsusumeto wa dyondzo. Loko va ha ri emalembeni ya kondlo-a-ndzi-dyi, vantshwa lava nga vulavuriki ngopfu ni vanghana va tala ku titshemba.<ref>{{Cite journal |first=50–55}}</ref> Eka vana va kondlo-a-ndzi-dyi, ku titshemba ka le hansi ku nga ha va xikombiso xa xivundza.<ref>{{Cite journal |first=327–339}}</ref> === Vavanuna ni vavasati === Vavasati lava va titshembaka ngopfu kumbe lava nga riki na matimba va tala ku kuceteriwa ku cinca mavonelo ya vona ku tlula vavasati lava titshembisaka ngopfu. Hambi swi ri tano, loko ku titshemba ka le henhla (ku tirha kahle) ku ri ehenhla, ku titshembela loku tolovelekeke a ku tirhi xiphemu lexikulu.<ref>{{Cite journal |first=453–466}}</ref> Vavanuna lava nga ni ku titshemba ka le hansi va khorwiseka hi ku olova ku tlula vavanuna lava nga ni ntshembo wa le henhla. Vavasati va tala ku angula katsongo eka tinhlamuselo to biha naswona a va lavi ku angula hi ndlela yo biha ku tlula vavanuna. Eka minkambisiso leyi endliweke hi vativi va ikhonomi Muriel Niederle na Lise Vesterlund, valavisisi va kume leswaku ku titshemba ngopfu ka vavanuna ni ku rhandza ka vavanuna mphikizano swi hoxe xandla eka ku nghenelela ka vavanuna eka mphikizano wa mphikizano, kasi ku ala nghozi ni ku kaneta ku endle ntirho lowu nga nyawuriki.<ref>{{Cite journal |first=1067–1101}}</ref> Swidyondzi swin'wana swi vula leswaku vavasati a va tali ku phikelela ekholichi ya vunjhiniyara ku tlula vavanuna hikwalaho ka ku tsana ka ku titshemba ka vavasati. Nkambisiso wun'wana wu kume leswaku vavasati lava a va hlalela swinavetiso leswi nga ni vavasati eka swiyenge swa rimbewu swa ndhavuko a va vonaka va nga titshembi ngopfu eku nyikeni ka nkulumo ku tlula lava a va languta swinavetisi leswi nga ni basadi lava a va endla swiyenge swo tala swa vavanuna.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |first=203–210}}</ref> Ku titshemba ko tano ku nga ha tlhela ku fambisana ni xivumbeko xa miri, tanihi leswi nkambisiso wun'wana wu kumeke leswaku vanhu lava nyuheleke ngopfu eAustralia ni le US a va titshembi ngopfu hi ndlela leyi miri wa vona wu tirhaka ha yona ku tlula vanhu lava nga ni ntiko lowu tolovelekeke, naswona ku hambana ku le henhla eka vavasati ku tlula eka vavanuna.<ref>{{Cite journal |first=75–86}}</ref> Van'wana va kume leswaku loko n'wana loyi a ha ku velekiwaka a hambanisiwa na mana wa yena loko a veleka, manana a nga titshembi ngopfu eka vuswikoti bya yena byo kurisa n'wana yoloye ku tlula loyi a nga hambanisiwangiki na n'wana wa yena. Ku tlula kwalaho, vavasati lava eku sunguleni a va nga titshembi ngopfu va nga ha va ni ku hunguteka lokukulu ka ku titshemba endzhaku ka ku hambana ni vana va vona ku tlula vavasati lava a va titshemba ngopfu.<ref>{{Cite journal |first=369–378}}</ref> Vavanuna lava nga ni rimbewu leri hambaneke lava tikombisaka va titshemba swinene loko va pimanisiwa ni vavanuna van'wana va koka vavasati lava titshameleke voxe hi ku olova. == Tinhlamuselo == rrwhfdf5zg7dgs4jlsddi3vxcwm9i18 0 8272 42840 2026-09-29T22:12:13Z NwaMasingita 12492 Ni tsale swihlovo 42840 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:School Environment.jpg|thumb|Xifaniso xa xikolo ]] '''Xikolo xa Zava High School''' i xikolo xa le henhla xa mfumo lexi kumekaka e Zava/N’wa-Marhanga, eka ndhawu ya Greater Giyani, eLimpopo, Afrika Dzonga. Vuxokoxoko bya Ndzawulo ya Dyondzo ya Limpopo byi komba leswaku xikolo lexi xi wela ehansi ka Groot Letaba Circuit, naswona adirese ya xona ya xiviri yi nyikiwa yi ri Zava Village. Ririmi ra dyondzo ni ku dyondzisa exikolweni i Xinghezi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Woudstra |first=Marit Helen |last2=Janse van Rensburg |first2=Estie |last3=Visser |first3=Maretha |last4=Jordaan |first4=Joyce |date=2018-02-28 |title=Learner-to-teacher bullying as a potential factor influencing teachers’ mental health |url=https://doi.org/10.15700/saje.v38n1a1358 |journal=South African Journal of Education |volume=38 |issue=1 |pages=1–10 |doi=10.15700/saje.v38n1a1358 |issn=0256-0100}}</ref> === Matimu ni masungulo ya vito === Ndzavisiso wa University of Limpopo mayelana ni ndlela leyi swikolo swi thyiwaka mavito ha yona wu vula leswaku Zava High School xi akiwile hi 1997.Xikolo lexi xi thyiwe hi vito ra Zava, loyi a a ri xirho xa ndyangu wa vuhosi naswona a ri hosi ya ndhawu (headman). Hi ku ya hi ndzavisiso lowu, Zava a a ri n’wana wa Hosi Dzumeri. U tirhe tani hi hosi ya ndhawu ku nga si va na ku rhurhela ka vaaki ku suka eXivhalweni ku ya eZava. U ye mahlweni ni ku tirha eka xiavelo lexi ku fikela loko a lova hi 1975.Xikolo xi thyiwe hi vito ra yena ku n’wi xixima hi mhaka ya vukorhokeri bya yena ni ku tirha hi ku tinyiketela eka vaaki.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Croft |first=Cedric |date=1976-08-01 |title=Hou are our Skools Teaching Speling? |url=https://doi.org/10.18296/set.1452 |journal=Set: Research Information for Teachers |issue=2 |doi=10.18296/set.1452 |issn=0110-6376}}</ref> === Matirhelo ya dyondzo === Ku na vumbhoni bya sweswinyana mayelana ni matirhelo ya xikolo eka dyondzo.Hi Nyenyankulu 2026, ''Letaba Herald'' yi vike leswaku Zava High School yi fikelele 100% wa mpfumelelo eka Grade 12, laha 61.9% va kumeke mpfumelelo wa Bachelor naswona 38% va kumeke mpfumelelo wa Diploma.Mufambisi wa Groot Letaba Circuit u vikiwe a ri karhi a hlamusela Zava High School tani hi xikolo lexi endleke kahle swinene eka swikolo swa swirhendzevutana swimbirhi leswi a swi kambisisiwa eka xiviko xexo.Leswi swi fanele ku langutiwa swin’we ni xiviko xa 2025 xa Huvo ya Milawu ya Limpopo, lexi a xi hlamusele Zava, swin’we na Giva-Mahlathi na Hlomela High Schools, tani hi swikolo leswi a swi langutane ni swiphiqo eka matirhelo ya Grade 12. Xiviko lexi xi boxe timhaka to fana ni vadyondzi lava nga kule ngopfu hi vukhale ni ku tirhisiwa ka swidzidziharisi.Hikokwalaho, vuxokoxoko bya matsalwa lama kumekaka byi komba leswaku xiyimo ni matirhelo ya xikolo swi cincile hi ku famba ka nkarhi, naswona a swi fanelanga ku tekiwa leswaku xiyimo xa khale hi xona xi hlamuselaka xikolo namuntlha.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mcdougall |first=William P. |date=1962-04 |title=Computing Class Rank in High School |url=https://doi.org/10.1177/019263656204627306 |journal=The bulletin of the National Association of Secondary School Principals |volume=46 |issue=273 |pages=25–28 |doi=10.1177/019263656204627306 |issn=2471-3317}}</ref> === Vufambisi bya xikolo ni timhaka ta vaaki === Zava High School xi tshame xi langutana ni timholovo leti khumbaka vutirhisi, vuhlanganisi bya xikolo ni vufambisi bya xikolo.Hi Sunguti 2022, ''Letaba Herald'' yi vike leswaku vaaki va N’wa-Marhanga va sivele xikolo ku pfula eku sunguleni ka lembe ra xikolo, hikokwalaho ka ku nga eneriseki hi ku thoriwa ka vatirhi.Mufambisi wa xirhendzevutana wa Ndzawulo ya Dyondzo u tlhele a khoma minhlangano na vaaki, laha maphorisa a ma ri kona.Xiviko xa Huvo ya Milawu ya Limpopo xa 2025 na xona xi tsarile hi timholovo letikulu swinene leti a ti ri kona eka vuxaka bya vaaki ni xikolo. Xi katsa mhaka leyi eka yona ku vikiweke leswaku yindlu ya mudyondzisi ni mimovha ya yena swi tshiveriwe ndzilo.I swa nkoka ku boxa leswaku timhaka leti i timhaka leti vikiweke eka minkarhi yo karhi, naswona a swi vuli leswaku xiyimo xexo xa ha ri kona exikolweni namuntlha.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Zava |first=Theodore T |last2=Zava |first2=David T |date=2020-12-15 |title=Validation of Dried Blood Spot Sample Modifications to Two Commercially Available Covid-19 Igg Antibody Immunoassays |url=https://doi.org/10.4155/bio-2020-0289 |journal=Bioanalysis |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=13–28 |doi=10.4155/bio-2020-0289 |issn=1757-6180}}</ref> === Ndhawu ni vufambisi === Vuxokoxoko bya ndhawu byi komba leswaku xikolo xi kumeka eka R529, N’wa-Marhanga, 0826, Limpopo.Matsalwa ya sweswinyana ya Ndzawulo ya Dyondzo ya Limpopo ya vukorhokeri bya vatirhi ma komba leswaku Zava High School xi wela eka Groot Letaba Circuit. == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == 62tn2n4el3ck2c6t7j933ucomgisey9 42841 42840 2026-09-29T22:13:19Z NwaMasingita 12492 added a category 42841 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:School Environment.jpg|thumb|Xifaniso xa xikolo ]] '''Xikolo xa Zava High School''' i xikolo xa le henhla xa mfumo lexi kumekaka e Zava/N’wa-Marhanga, eka ndhawu ya Greater Giyani, eLimpopo, Afrika Dzonga. Vuxokoxoko bya Ndzawulo ya Dyondzo ya Limpopo byi komba leswaku xikolo lexi xi wela ehansi ka Groot Letaba Circuit, naswona adirese ya xona ya xiviri yi nyikiwa yi ri Zava Village. Ririmi ra dyondzo ni ku dyondzisa exikolweni i Xinghezi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Woudstra |first=Marit Helen |last2=Janse van Rensburg |first2=Estie |last3=Visser |first3=Maretha |last4=Jordaan |first4=Joyce |date=2018-02-28 |title=Learner-to-teacher bullying as a potential factor influencing teachers’ mental health |url=https://doi.org/10.15700/saje.v38n1a1358 |journal=South African Journal of Education |volume=38 |issue=1 |pages=1–10 |doi=10.15700/saje.v38n1a1358 |issn=0256-0100}}</ref> === Matimu ni masungulo ya vito === Ndzavisiso wa University of Limpopo mayelana ni ndlela leyi swikolo swi thyiwaka mavito ha yona wu vula leswaku Zava High School xi akiwile hi 1997.Xikolo lexi xi thyiwe hi vito ra Zava, loyi a a ri xirho xa ndyangu wa vuhosi naswona a ri hosi ya ndhawu (headman). Hi ku ya hi ndzavisiso lowu, Zava a a ri n’wana wa Hosi Dzumeri. U tirhe tani hi hosi ya ndhawu ku nga si va na ku rhurhela ka vaaki ku suka eXivhalweni ku ya eZava. U ye mahlweni ni ku tirha eka xiavelo lexi ku fikela loko a lova hi 1975.Xikolo xi thyiwe hi vito ra yena ku n’wi xixima hi mhaka ya vukorhokeri bya yena ni ku tirha hi ku tinyiketela eka vaaki.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Croft |first=Cedric |date=1976-08-01 |title=Hou are our Skools Teaching Speling? |url=https://doi.org/10.18296/set.1452 |journal=Set: Research Information for Teachers |issue=2 |doi=10.18296/set.1452 |issn=0110-6376}}</ref> === Matirhelo ya dyondzo === Ku na vumbhoni bya sweswinyana mayelana ni matirhelo ya xikolo eka dyondzo.Hi Nyenyankulu 2026, ''Letaba Herald'' yi vike leswaku Zava High School yi fikelele 100% wa mpfumelelo eka Grade 12, laha 61.9% va kumeke mpfumelelo wa Bachelor naswona 38% va kumeke mpfumelelo wa Diploma.Mufambisi wa Groot Letaba Circuit u vikiwe a ri karhi a hlamusela Zava High School tani hi xikolo lexi endleke kahle swinene eka swikolo swa swirhendzevutana swimbirhi leswi a swi kambisisiwa eka xiviko xexo.Leswi swi fanele ku langutiwa swin’we ni xiviko xa 2025 xa Huvo ya Milawu ya Limpopo, lexi a xi hlamusele Zava, swin’we na Giva-Mahlathi na Hlomela High Schools, tani hi swikolo leswi a swi langutane ni swiphiqo eka matirhelo ya Grade 12. Xiviko lexi xi boxe timhaka to fana ni vadyondzi lava nga kule ngopfu hi vukhale ni ku tirhisiwa ka swidzidziharisi.Hikokwalaho, vuxokoxoko bya matsalwa lama kumekaka byi komba leswaku xiyimo ni matirhelo ya xikolo swi cincile hi ku famba ka nkarhi, naswona a swi fanelanga ku tekiwa leswaku xiyimo xa khale hi xona xi hlamuselaka xikolo namuntlha.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mcdougall |first=William P. |date=1962-04 |title=Computing Class Rank in High School |url=https://doi.org/10.1177/019263656204627306 |journal=The bulletin of the National Association of Secondary School Principals |volume=46 |issue=273 |pages=25–28 |doi=10.1177/019263656204627306 |issn=2471-3317}}</ref> === Vufambisi bya xikolo ni timhaka ta vaaki === Zava High School xi tshame xi langutana ni timholovo leti khumbaka vutirhisi, vuhlanganisi bya xikolo ni vufambisi bya xikolo.Hi Sunguti 2022, ''Letaba Herald'' yi vike leswaku vaaki va N’wa-Marhanga va sivele xikolo ku pfula eku sunguleni ka lembe ra xikolo, hikokwalaho ka ku nga eneriseki hi ku thoriwa ka vatirhi.Mufambisi wa xirhendzevutana wa Ndzawulo ya Dyondzo u tlhele a khoma minhlangano na vaaki, laha maphorisa a ma ri kona.Xiviko xa Huvo ya Milawu ya Limpopo xa 2025 na xona xi tsarile hi timholovo letikulu swinene leti a ti ri kona eka vuxaka bya vaaki ni xikolo. Xi katsa mhaka leyi eka yona ku vikiweke leswaku yindlu ya mudyondzisi ni mimovha ya yena swi tshiveriwe ndzilo.I swa nkoka ku boxa leswaku timhaka leti i timhaka leti vikiweke eka minkarhi yo karhi, naswona a swi vuli leswaku xiyimo xexo xa ha ri kona exikolweni namuntlha.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Zava |first=Theodore T |last2=Zava |first2=David T |date=2020-12-15 |title=Validation of Dried Blood Spot Sample Modifications to Two Commercially Available Covid-19 Igg Antibody Immunoassays |url=https://doi.org/10.4155/bio-2020-0289 |journal=Bioanalysis |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=13–28 |doi=10.4155/bio-2020-0289 |issn=1757-6180}}</ref> === Ndhawu ni vufambisi === Vuxokoxoko bya ndhawu byi komba leswaku xikolo xi kumeka eka R529, N’wa-Marhanga, 0826, Limpopo.Matsalwa ya sweswinyana ya Ndzawulo ya Dyondzo ya Limpopo ya vukorhokeri bya vatirhi ma komba leswaku Zava High School xi wela eka Groot Letaba Circuit. == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == <references /> [[Category:Dyondzo]] 40grrp4epuxukdy5yhv0l0y3f8mp2gt 2 8273 42842 2026-09-29T22:19:54Z Zeeluna 12489 Published page 42842 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Lewis Wickes Hine, The charter member of the Red Cross Boy Scout Troop Paris, September 1918 - Library of Congress.jpg|center|thumb|403x403px|Xifaniso xa mufana]] Mufana Eka [[vutomi]] bya siku na siku, rito "mufana" ri tala ku tirhisiwa ku hlamusela n'wana wa xinuna lotsongo. Hambiswiritano, nkoka wa yona wu tlula ku hlawuriwa ka malembe ntsena, wu katsa swiyenge swa ndhavuko, ntshamisano na nhluvukiso. Ku twisisa leswi mufana a nga swona hakunene swi katsa ku kambisisa swilo swa ntivo-vutomi, ku langutela ka [[vaaki]], na muxaka lowu cincaka wa vuhlangi eka mindhavuko yo hambana na minkarhi yo hambana.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2026-04-05 |title=What is a Boy? |url=https://inspirepearls.com/blogs/words/what-is-a-boy |access-date=2026-09-29 |website=Inspire Pearls |language=en}}</ref> Langutelo Ra Ntivo-vutomi Ra Mufana Hi ku ya hi ntivo-vutomi, hi ntolovelo mufana u hlamuseriwa tanihi n’wana wa xinuna ku sukela loko a velekiwa ku fikela loko a fika emalembeni ya kondlo-a-ndzi-dyi. Ku hlawuriwa loku ku sekeriwe eka swihlawulekisi swa xitekela na miri, ku fana na vukona bya ti chromosomes ta XY na swirho swa [[xinuna]] swa le xihundleni. Loko va ha ri vatsongo, vafana va hundza eka switeji swo hambana-hambana swa ku kula, ku katsa ni ku kula ka miri, ku kula ka mianakanyo ni ku kula ka mintlhaveko.<ref name=":1" /> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == <references /> [[Category:Wanuna]] [[Category:Rimbewu]] kxsddfnffu87m5t04yux51du24z7t3i 2 8274 42843 2026-09-29T22:36:34Z Zeeluna 12489 Published page 42843 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Smiling girl holding a lotus flower.jpg|center|thumb|414x414px|Xifaniso xa nhwenyana]] Nhwenyana '''Nhwanyana''' (riviti) — munhu lontsongo wa xisati, hi ntolovelo i n’wana kumbe muntshwa, hambi leswi eka mavulavulelo yo olova, yi talaka ku tirhisiwa eka [[vavasati]] exikarhi ka vanghana. Swi nga rhwala tithoni ta rirhandzu, matimba, vumakwerhu bya xisati. <ref>{{Cite web |title=What is a Girl? Meaning, Usage, and Examples in English |url=https://learn.kotoenglish.com/vocabulary/a1/people/girl/ |access-date=2026-09-29 |website=Learn English Online {{!}} KotoEnglish |language=en-GB}}</ref> Rito "nhwanyana" ngopfungopfu ri vula munhu wa xisati loyi a nga si vaka munhu lonkulu. Loko ku hambana ka malembe ku nga hambana, "nhwanyana" u tala ku tirhisiwa eka vaxisati lava nga ehansi ka [[malembe]] ya khumenhungu 1(8). Eka swiyimo leswi nga riki swa xivumbeko, "nhwanyana" swi nga ha tlhela swi kombetela eka wansati, leswi kombisaka vuxaka byo olova kumbe bya rirhandzu. Laha hansi ku na swiyimo swin'wana leswi tolovelekeke leswi ku tirhisiwaka "nhwanyana" eka swona:<ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff |first=Dictionary |date=2023-09-30 |title=Girl: Definition, Meaning, and Examples |url=https://usdictionary.com/definitions/girl/ |access-date=2026-09-29 |website=US Dictionary |language=en-US}}</ref> Munhu wa xisati lotsongo: I munhu wa xisati loyi a nga n’wana kumbe [[muntshwa]]. Wansati lonkulu: Eka swiyimo leswi nga riki swa xivumbeko, "nhwanyana" a nga kombetela eka [[wansati]] lonkulu. N’wana wa nhwanyana: Rito ra rirhandzu eka n’wana wa munhu wa xisati, ku nga khathariseki malembe ya yena. Munghana wa Xisati: Rito leri tolovelekeke kumbe ra mbulavulo ro kombetela eka munghana wa xisati. == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == <references /> [[Category:Rimbewu]] [[Category:Wansati]] 6j9cu02qsxaaiufdlgtodys0uovhqhr 0 8275 42844 2026-09-29T22:37:11Z NastyB innit 12496 Created page with "[[File:160962-138-30468C84.webp|alt=Ingwe ehenhla ka nsinya|thumb]] Ingwe i tikati letikulu leti nga ni matimba leti yelanaka swinene ni Ingwe, Ingwe ni ti- jaguar. Ti tshama eAfrika ya le dzongeni wa Sahara, en’walungu-vuxa bya Afrika, Asia Xikarhi, Indiya ni le Chayina. Hambiswiritano, vaaki vo tala va tona va le khombyeni, ngopfu-ngopfu ehandle ka Afrika. U nga vona Ingwe to tala hi muvala wa tona wo vonikela ni swivati ​​swa tona leswi hambaneke swa ntima. Swi..." 42844 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:160962-138-30468C84.webp|alt=Ingwe ehenhla ka nsinya|thumb]] Ingwe i tikati letikulu leti nga ni matimba leti yelanaka swinene ni Ingwe, Ingwe ni ti- jaguar. Ti tshama eAfrika ya le dzongeni wa Sahara, en’walungu-vuxa bya Afrika, Asia Xikarhi, Indiya ni le Chayina. Hambiswiritano, vaaki vo tala va tona va le khombyeni, ngopfu-ngopfu ehandle ka Afrika. U nga vona Ingwe to tala hi muvala wa tona wo vonikela ni swivati ​​swa tona leswi hambaneke swa ntima. Swivati ​​sweswo swi vuriwa ti- rosette, hikuva swi fana ni xivumbeko xa rose. Swivumbeko leswi swi fihla mimiri ya tona loko ti ri karhi ti famba exikarhi ka byanyi ni le mirhini. Ingwe ta ntima, leti vonakaka ti lava ku tiya hi muhlovo hikuva swivati ​​swa tona swa tika ku swi hambanisa, hi ntolovelo ti vuriwa ti- black panther. [[File:Leopardo (Panthera pardus) devorando un antílope, parque nacional Kruger, Sudáfrica, 2018-07-26, DD 07.jpg|thumb]] Ku hambana ni Ingwe, Ingwe i swivumbiwa leswi nga swoxe. Ta xinuna ti lava kuva tiri toxe naswona ta xisati ti tshoveka ntsena loko tiri karhi ti kurisa swinyenyani. Kambe, ku fana ni Ingwe, Ingwe ta rhurhumela. Ingwe ta xinuna ti sirhelela ndhawu ya tona hi ku rhurhumela ni ku fungha nun’hwelo, kasi ta xisati ti tirhisa ku rhurhumela ka tona leswaku ti koka vanghana va tona ni ku vitana swinyenyana swa tona. Ku rhurhumela ka yingwe i rasp yo khwaxa, ku fana ni handsaw leyi tsema tihunyi. Leopard cubs are born with barely visible spots. The mother hides her cubs and moves them from one safe location to the next until they are old enough to begin playing and learning to hunt. When the cubs are about two years old, they live on their own. But the maternal bonds are strong, and offspring sometimes have reunions with their mothers. Swihlovo <ref></ref> [https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/facts/leopard rg9yf29g8o2m5gdgyc6wfqgwo7ll90i 42845 42844 2026-09-29T22:38:32Z NastyB innit 12496 42845 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:160962-138-30468C84.webp|alt=Ingwe ehenhla ka nsinya|thumb]] Ingwe i tikati letikulu leti nga ni matimba leti yelanaka swinene ni Ingwe, Ingwe ni ti- jaguar. Ti tshama eAfrika ya le dzongeni wa Sahara, en’walungu-vuxa bya Afrika, Asia Xikarhi, Indiya ni le Chayina. Hambiswiritano, vaaki vo tala va tona va le khombyeni, ngopfu-ngopfu ehandle ka Afrika. U nga vona Ingwe to tala hi muvala wa tona wo vonikela ni swivati ​​swa tona leswi hambaneke swa ntima. Swivati ​​sweswo swi vuriwa ti- rosette, hikuva swi fana ni xivumbeko xa rose. Swivumbeko leswi swi fihla mimiri ya tona loko ti ri karhi ti famba exikarhi ka byanyi ni le mirhini. Ingwe ta ntima, leti vonakaka ti lava ku tiya hi muhlovo hikuva swivati ​​swa tona swa tika ku swi hambanisa, hi ntolovelo ti vuriwa ti- black panther. [[File:Leopardo (Panthera pardus) devorando un antílope, parque nacional Kruger, Sudáfrica, 2018-07-26, DD 07.jpg|thumb]] Ku hambana ni Ingwe, Ingwe i swivumbiwa leswi nga swoxe. Ta xinuna ti lava kuva tiri toxe naswona ta xisati ti tshoveka ntsena loko tiri karhi ti kurisa swinyenyani. Kambe, ku fana ni Ingwe, Ingwe ta rhurhumela. Ingwe ta xinuna ti sirhelela ndhawu ya tona hi ku rhurhumela ni ku fungha nun’hwelo, kasi ta xisati ti tirhisa ku rhurhumela ka tona leswaku ti koka vanghana va tona ni ku vitana swinyenyana swa tona. Ku rhurhumela ka yingwe i rasp yo khwaxa, ku fana ni handsaw leyi tsema tihunyi. Leopard cubs are born with barely visible spots. The mother hides her cubs and moves them from one safe location to the next until they are old enough to begin playing and learning to hunt. When the cubs are about two years old, they live on their own. But the maternal bonds are strong, and offspring sometimes have reunions with their mothers. qlxhgdxridbh8x47hmr9at3g19b7cov 0 8276 42846 2026-09-29T22:46:15Z Zeeluna 12489 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1367186949|Kamogelo Sebelebele]]" 42846 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mike Kamogelo Sebelebele''' (loyi a velekiweke hi siku ra ti 21 hi n,hweti ya Mhawuri hi lembe ra 2002) i mutlangi wa bolo ya milenge wa Afrika Dzonga loyi a tlangaka tani hi winger eka xipano xa Premiership xa Afrika Dzonga xa [[Orlando Pirates FC|Orlando Pirates]] na xipano xa rixaka xa Afrika Dzonga. === TS Galaxy === Sebelebele u tlangile eka TS Galaxy Academy kutani a tlakusiwa ku ya eka xipano xa senior hi n'hweti ya Nyenyakulu hi lembe ra 2022. <ref>{{Cite web|last=Raophala|first=Mauwane|date=2025-06-30|title=TS Galaxy secures Kamogelo Sebelebele's future with lengthy new deal|url=https://farpost.co.za/2025/06/30/ts-galaxy-secures-kamogelo-sebelebeles-future-with-new-deal/|accessdate=2025-12-18|website=Farpost|language=en-US}}</ref> karhi wa yena wo breakout wu fike eka nguva ya 2024/25 laha anga tlanga 29 wa mitlango naswona a nghenisa tlhanu wa tigoli na ku pfuneta ka mbirhi. === Orlando Pirates === U joyinile xipano xa [[Orlando Pirates FC|Orlando Pirates]] loko nguva ya 2025/26 yi nga si sungula. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2025-07-22|title=Orlando Pirates new signing Kamogelo Sebelebele tipped to succeed - 'He is an amazing human being' {{!}} Goal.com South Africa|url=https://www.goal.com/en-za/lists/orlando-pirates-new-signing-kamogelo-sebelebele-tipped-to-succeed-he-is-an-amazing-human-being/bltdc357c1c04b68a18|accessdate=2025-12-09|website=www.goal.com|language=en-ZA}}</ref> U howisile tigoli timbirhi eka MTN 8 loko va tlanga na Sundowns ku sindzisa ntlango ku nghena eka ti penalty laha Pirates yi heteleleke yi hlula. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2025-08-16|title=MTN8: Kamogelo Sebelebele strike rescues Orlando Pirates against Mamelodi Sundowns {{!}} soccer|url=https://www.sabcsport.com/soccer/news/kamogelo-sebelebele-strike-rescues-orlando-pirates-against-mamelodi-sundowns-in-mtn8-thriller|accessdate=2025-12-18|website=SABC|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2025-08-25|title=Orlando Pirates sensation Kamogelo Sebelebele makes a huge promise after stunning Mamelodi Sundowns - 'We know where the MTN8 trophy is going' {{!}} Goal.com South Africa|url=https://www.goal.com/en-za/lists/orlando-pirates-sensation-kamogelo-sebelebele-makes-a-huge-promise-after-stunning-mamelodi-sundowns-we-know-where-the-mtn8-trophy-is-going/blt190e1f550b75a215|accessdate=2025-12-18|website=www.goal.com|language=en-ZA}}</ref> U nghenise goli ya yena yosungula ya ligi eka Buccaneers loko a howisa goli yo hlula eka ku hlula ka 1–0 eka Stellenbosch laha endzhaku anga kuma sagwadi ra August goal of the month eka xitereka lexi. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2025-08-20|title=Finally off the mark! Kamogelo Sebelebele delivers as Orlando Pirates bag first Premier Soccer League points with win over Stellenbosch FC {{!}} Goal.com South Africa|url=https://www.goal.com/en-za/lists/finally-off-the-mark-kamogelo-sebelebele-delivers-as-orlando-pirates-bag-first-premier-soccer-league-points-with-win-over-stellenbosch-fc/blt690b6d7688cf63c6|accessdate=2025-12-09|website=www.goal.com|language=en-ZA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|last=Rabothe|first=Tshepo|date=2025-09-04|title=Tinkler, Sebelebele & Dithejane bag monthly awards for August|url=https://farpost.co.za/2025/09/04/tinkler-sebelebele-dithejane-bag-monthly-awards-for-august/|accessdate=2025-12-09|website=Farpost|language=en-US}}</ref> U phikizanile eka xipano xa Afrika-Dzonga A eka Khapu ya COSAFA ya 2025. <ref>{{Cite web|last=Hendricks|first=Joshua|date=2025-07-14|title=Orlando Pirates snatch COSAFA star in stunning transfer coup|url=https://www.thesouthafrican.com/sport/soccer/psl-south-africa/orlando-pirates-snatch-cosafa-star-in-stunning-transfer-coup/|accessdate=2025-12-09|website=The South African|language=en-ZA}}</ref> U kumile xirhambo xa yena xa senior eka mintlango yo ringanela Khapu ya Misava loko va ta hlangana na Lesotho na Nigeria hi n'hweti ya Ndzhati hi lembe ra 2025. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2025-09-02|title=Sebelebele & Shabalala's First Words In Bafana Camp|url=https://www.soccerladuma.co.za/psl/bafana/kamogelo-sebelebele-mduduzi-shabalala-open-up-on-being-bafana-bafana-squad|accessdate=2025-12-09|website=Soccer Laduma|language=en}}</ref> Hi siku ra ti 28 ta n'hweti ya Mudyaxihi 2026, u hlawuriwile hi mufambisi Hugo Broos ku yimela tiko ra yena eka Khapu ya Misava ya FIFA ya 2026. <ref>{{Cite web|date=28 May 2026|title=La liste de l'Afrique du Sud pour le Mondial, adversaire du Mexique dans le match d'ouverture de la Coupe du monde|url=https://www.lequipe.fr/Football/Actualites/La-liste-de-l-afrique-du-sud-pour-le-mondial-adversaire-du-mexique-dans-le-match-d-ouverture-de-la-coupe-du-monde/1679499|accessdate=9 June 2026|website=L'Équipe|language=fr}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Broos finalizes South Africa squad|url=https://www.fifa.com/en/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/articles/south-africa-hugo-broos-squad-announced}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Living people]] 4so5tdohhmsz3kcf1q7ic0gzysyz4ty 0 8277 42847 2026-09-29T23:26:32Z NastyB innit 12496 Created page with "Xikankaka [[File:Masai Mara National Reserve 07 - cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus).jpg|thumb]] [[File:Cheetah Brothers AdF.jpg|thumb]] Swikankanka ti dume hi majazi ya tona ya tawny lawa ya funengetiweke hi swivati ​​swa ntima, yin’wana na yin’wana yi hlengeletiwile hi xivumbeko xo hlawuleka ku pfuna swiharhi ku tivana.[1] Milayeni ya ntima yo tiya yi rhendzeleka kufana na mihloti kusuka eka matlhelo yale ndzeni ya mahlo ya tona kuya ehansi eka matlhelo hamambirhi ya n..." 42847 wikitext text/x-wiki Xikankaka [[File:Masai Mara National Reserve 07 - cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus).jpg|thumb]] [[File:Cheetah Brothers AdF.jpg|thumb]] Swikankanka ti dume hi majazi ya tona ya tawny lawa ya funengetiweke hi swivati ​​swa ntima, yin’wana na yin’wana yi hlengeletiwile hi xivumbeko xo hlawuleka ku pfuna swiharhi ku tivana.[1] Milayeni ya ntima yo tiya yi rhendzeleka kufana na mihloti kusuka eka matlhelo yale ndzeni ya mahlo ya tona kuya ehansi eka matlhelo hamambirhi ya nomu wa tona, naswona makumu ya misisi ya tona ya swihlahla yana swirhendzevutani swa ntima. Ku vona kahle ka matihlo ya cheetah ya yi pfuna ku kuma xiharhi lexi dyaka hi nkarhi wa nhlikanhi.[2] Cheetah ya tika ku yi vona hikuva jazi ra yona leri nga ni swivati ​​ri hlangana ni byanyi byo leha lebyi omeke bya le mativa. Swikankanka ti dya swiharhi leswitsongo ku ya eka swa le xikarhi, swo tanihi hare, impalas, marhole ya wildebeest ni gazelles. Hikwalaho ka vukulu bya tona, matimba ni vuswikoti bya tona byo dlaya, vativi van’wana va sayense va teka Swikankanka tanihi yin’wana ya “tikati letikulu.” Tinghala, tinghala, tinghala ni ti- jaguar na tona i xiphemu xa ntlawa lowu. Kuhambana na ntlawa hinkwawo, Swikankankas ati swikoti ku rhurhumela, hambi leswi tinga swikotaka ti purr. Hambileswi hi ntolovelo ti tsakelaka tindhawu leti pfulekeke ta byanyi, Swikankanka ti tshama eka tindhawu to hambana-hambana evuxeni ni le dzongeni wa Afrika. Swihlovo leswi lavekaka <ref></ref> [https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/facts/leopard Leopard - Animal Profile | National Geographic Kids] Ntlawa: Swiharhi swa nhova <references /> 2e0k6gmjhsv9wbfm8fcrdwie0flfa6t 0 8278 42850 2026-09-30T00:16:16Z NastyB innit 12496 Created page with "'''Gushe ra madhandha''' [[File:Hong Kong Okra Aug 25 2012.JPG|thumb]] Guxe yi fuwile hi ti vitamins C na K1, magnesium, folate, fibre, na ti antioxidants tofana na ti polyphenols. Yitlhela yiva na ti calories tale hansi naswona yina ti protein totala kutlula mihandzu yin’wana yotala na matsavu. Guxe yinga pfuneta ku hunguta khombo ra mavabyi ya mbilu hiku boha eka cholesterol hinkarhi wa ku gayiwa naswona yinga seketela ti levele ta chukele engatini leti hanyeke kahle..." 42850 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gushe ra madhandha''' [[File:Hong Kong Okra Aug 25 2012.JPG|thumb]] Guxe yi fuwile hi ti vitamins C na K1, magnesium, folate, fibre, na ti antioxidants tofana na ti polyphenols. Yitlhela yiva na ti calories tale hansi naswona yina ti protein totala kutlula mihandzu yin’wana yotala na matsavu. Guxe yinga pfuneta ku hunguta khombo ra mavabyi ya mbilu hiku boha eka cholesterol hinkarhi wa ku gayiwa naswona yinga seketela ti levele ta chukele engatini leti hanyeke kahle eka vanhu lavangana prediabetes na type 2 diabetes. Folate eka Guxe yi seketela ku tika loku hanyeke kahle hiku pfuneta ku hunguta khombo ra swiyimo swa byongo na nkolo eka xihlangi lexi kulaka. Khapu yin’we yinyika 15% wa ntsengo wa siku na siku (DV) wa folate. Guxe i ximilani xa swiluva lexi tivekaka hi ti pods ta mbewu leti dyiwaka. Yi byariwa eka maxelo yo kufumela na yo hisa, kufana na Afrika nale Dzongeni wa Asia. Minkarhi yin’wana yi vuriwa “lady’s finger,” Guxe yi ta hi mihlovo yimbirhi—yo tshwuka ni ya rihlaza. Tinxaka leti hatimbirhi ta nandziha ku fana, naswona yo tshwuka yi hundzuka ya rihlaza loko yi swekiwa. Hi biologically yi hlayiwa tani hi muhandzu, Guxe hi xitalo yitirhisiwa tani hi muroho eka ku sweka. Yitala kutirhisiwa eka swakudya swale Dzongeni wa Amerika naswona i ku engeteriwa loku dumeke eka gumbo. Kambe yi nga va ni xivumbeko xa slimy, lexi vanhu van’wana va xi kumaka xi nga tsakisi. '''Swihlovo leswi lavekaka''' <ref></ref> https://www.healthline.com/reviewers/kim-rose-rdn-cdces-cnsc-ld '''Ntlawa:''' Matsavu m3fe92hydq3d9tr2eovshfwwzoiz2kb 42851 42850 2026-09-30T00:19:34Z NastyB innit 12496 42851 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gushe ra madhandha''' [[File:Hong Kong Okra Aug 25 2012.JPG|thumb]] Guxe yi fuwile hi ti vitamins C na K1, magnesium, folate, fibre, na ti antioxidants tofana na ti polyphenols. Yitlhela yiva na ti calories tale hansi naswona yina ti protein totala kutlula mihandzu yin’wana yotala na matsavu. Guxe yinga pfuneta ku hunguta khombo ra mavabyi ya mbilu hiku boha eka cholesterol hinkarhi wa ku gayiwa naswona yinga seketela ti levele ta chukele engatini leti hanyeke kahle eka vanhu lavangana prediabetes na type 2 diabetes. Folate eka Guxe yi seketela ku tika loku hanyeke kahle hiku pfuneta ku hunguta khombo ra swiyimo swa byongo na nkolo eka xihlangi lexi kulaka. Khapu yin’we yinyika 15% wa ntsengo wa siku na siku (DV) wa folate. Guxe i ximilani xa swiluva lexi tivekaka hi ti pods ta mbewu leti dyiwaka. Yi byariwa eka maxelo yo kufumela na yo hisa, kufana na Afrika nale Dzongeni wa Asia. Minkarhi yin’wana yi vuriwa “lady’s finger,” Guxe yi ta hi mihlovo yimbirhi—yo tshwuka ni ya rihlaza. Tinxaka leti hatimbirhi ta nandziha ku fana, naswona yo tshwuka yi hundzuka ya rihlaza loko yi swekiwa. Hi biologically yi hlayiwa tani hi muhandzu, Guxe hi xitalo yitirhisiwa tani hi muroho eka ku sweka. Yitala kutirhisiwa eka swakudya swale Dzongeni wa Amerika naswona i ku engeteriwa loku dumeke eka gumbo. Kambe yi nga va ni xivumbeko xa slimy, lexi vanhu van’wana va xi kumaka xi nga tsakisi. <ref></ref> <references />[1] https://www.healthline.com/reviewers/kim-rose-rdn-cdces-cnsc-ld [[Category:Matsavu]] cz7axxhuwff341mll24l6uruhgmr7xz 42852 42851 2026-09-30T00:20:30Z NastyB innit 12496 42852 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gushe ra madhandha''' [[File:Hong Kong Okra Aug 25 2012.JPG|thumb]] Guxe yi fuwile hi ti vitamins C na K1, magnesium, folate, fibre, na ti antioxidants tofana na ti polyphenols. Yitlhela yiva na ti calories tale hansi naswona yina ti protein totala kutlula mihandzu yin’wana yotala na matsavu. Guxe yinga pfuneta ku hunguta khombo ra mavabyi ya mbilu hiku boha eka cholesterol hinkarhi wa ku gayiwa naswona yinga seketela ti levele ta chukele engatini leti hanyeke kahle eka vanhu lavangana prediabetes na type 2 diabetes. Folate eka Guxe yi seketela ku tika loku hanyeke kahle hiku pfuneta ku hunguta khombo ra swiyimo swa byongo na nkolo eka xihlangi lexi kulaka. Khapu yin’we yinyika 15% wa ntsengo wa siku na siku (DV) wa folate. Guxe i ximilani xa swiluva lexi tivekaka hi ti pods ta mbewu leti dyiwaka. Yi byariwa eka maxelo yo kufumela na yo hisa, kufana na Afrika nale Dzongeni wa Asia. Minkarhi yin’wana yi vuriwa “lady’s finger,” Guxe yi ta hi mihlovo yimbirhi—yo tshwuka ni ya rihlaza. Tinxaka leti hatimbirhi ta nandziha ku fana, naswona yo tshwuka yi hundzuka ya rihlaza loko yi swekiwa. Hi biologically yi hlayiwa tani hi muhandzu, Guxe hi xitalo yitirhisiwa tani hi muroho eka ku sweka. Yitala kutirhisiwa eka swakudya swale Dzongeni wa Amerika naswona i ku engeteriwa loku dumeke eka gumbo. Kambe yi nga va ni xivumbeko xa slimy, lexi vanhu van’wana va xi kumaka xi nga tsakisi. <ref></ref> <references />[1] https://www.healthline.com/reviewers/kim-rose-rdn-cdces-cnsc-ld [[Category:Miroho]] emz7l8i797myfj90300z87hp3ra1xj4 0 8279 42855 2026-09-30T00:34:19Z NastyB innit 12496 Created page with "Vuloyi Vuloyi i ku tirhisa masalamusi hi munhu loyi a vuriwaka muloyi. Hi ndhavuko, "vuloyi" swi vula ku tirhisiwa ka masalamusi ku vavisa van'wana kumbe khombo leri tlulaka ra ntumbuluko, naswona leswi swi tshama swi ri nhlamuselo leyi tolovelekeke no hangalakile. Hambileswi mianakanyo ya vuloyi ngopfu-ngopfu yi nga ya mianakanyo, hambi swi ri tano yi tirhile eka mindhavuko yo tala tanihi ndlela yo hlamusela vukona bya vubihi. Ripfumelo ra valoyi ri kumiwile ematin’w..." 42855 wikitext text/x-wiki Vuloyi Vuloyi i ku tirhisa masalamusi hi munhu loyi a vuriwaka muloyi. Hi ndhavuko, "vuloyi" swi vula ku tirhisiwa ka masalamusi ku vavisa van'wana kumbe khombo leri tlulaka ra ntumbuluko, naswona leswi swi tshama swi ri nhlamuselo leyi tolovelekeke no hangalakile. Hambileswi mianakanyo ya vuloyi ngopfu-ngopfu yi nga ya mianakanyo, hambi swi ri tano yi tirhile eka mindhavuko yo tala tanihi ndlela yo hlamusela vukona bya vubihi. Ripfumelo ra valoyi ri kumiwile ematin’wini hinkwawo eka nhlayo leyikulu ya miganga emisaveni hinkwayo. Vunyingi bya mavandla lawa ya tirhise masalamusi yo sirhelela kumbe masalamusi yo lwisana na vuloyi, naswona ya papalate, ya hlongola, ku pfalela ekhotsweni, ku xupula emirini kumbe ku dlaya lava ku hehliwaka leswaku i valoyi. Vativi va ndhavuko va tirhisa rito leri nge "vuloyi" eka ripfumelo leri fanaka mayelana na maendlelo ya vungoma lama nga ni khombo eka mindhavuko yo hambana, naswona miganga leyi yi tala ku tirhisa rito leri loko yi vulavula hi Xinghezi. Swihlovo <ref></ref> Ntlawa 7dlwd1hy59cxvsg6vnzvyltj4849m7n 0 8280 42858 2026-09-30T00:58:44Z MissJesus 12475 Created page with "=== '''Ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga''' === [[File:NDZHAVUKO.jpg|thumb]] <ref>[[NDHAVUKO WA MATSONGA|Ndzhavuko]]</ref> wa hina Matsonga ha tinyungubyisa hiwona.Vatsonga i un’wana wa mintlawa ya vanhu va Bantu lava kumekaka ngopfu e[[Afrika-Dzonga]] na le Mozambique, naswona ku tlhela ku va na Vatsonga ematikweni man’wana ya le handle ka <ref>[[Afrika-Dzonga]].</ref> Ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga wu akiwile hi ririmi, mikhuva, mindhavuko, vuyimbeleri, ku cina, vukhongeri, swakudya,..." 42858 wikitext text/x-wiki === '''Ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga''' === [[File:NDZHAVUKO.jpg|thumb]] <ref>[[NDHAVUKO WA MATSONGA|Ndzhavuko]]</ref> wa hina Matsonga ha tinyungubyisa hiwona.Vatsonga i un’wana wa mintlawa ya vanhu va Bantu lava kumekaka ngopfu e[[Afrika-Dzonga]] na le Mozambique, naswona ku tlhela ku va na Vatsonga ematikweni man’wana ya le handle ka <ref>[[Afrika-Dzonga]].</ref> Ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga wu akiwile hi ririmi, mikhuva, mindhavuko, vuyimbeleri, ku cina, vukhongeri, swakudya, vuxaka bya mindyangu ni ndlela leyi vanhu va hanyisanaka ha yona. Xitsonga a hi ririmi ntsena, kambe i xiphemu xa nkoka xa vumunhu ni vumunhu bya Vatsonga hikuva ri pfuna ku hundzisela matimu, vutivi, mikhuva ni nkoka wa ndzhavuko ku suka eka rixaka rin’wana ku ya eka rin’wana.<ref>[https://sahistory.org.za/ref/A-0062417]</ref> Ku ambala ka ndzhavuko i ndlela yin’wana leyi Vatsonga va kombisaka ha yona vutivi bya vona. Vavasati va Vatsonga va tiviwa hi ku ambala swiambalo swa ndhavuko leswi nga ni mivala ni swifaniso swo hambana. <ref>[[Xibelani]]</ref> na swona i xiphemu lexi tivekaka xa ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga, ngopfu-ngopfu loko ku ciniwa. Ku ambala swiambalo swa ndzhavuko swi nga vonaka eka minkhuvo yo fana na vukati, minkhuvo ya ndzhavuko, minkhuvo ya mindyangu ni minkhuvo ya vaaki.pdf Namuntlha, swiambalo swa ndzhavuko swi tlhela swi hlanganisiwa ni fexeni ya manguva lawa, leswi kombisaka leswaku ndzhavuko wu nga hlayisiwa wu ri karhi wu cinca na nkarhi. Vuyimbeleri ni ku cina i swiphemu swa nkoka swinene swa ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga. Ku cina ku nga tirhisiwa eka minkhuvo, vukati, minkhuvo ya ndzhavuko ni swiendlakalo swin’wana swa vaaki. Makhwaya, Xighubu, Mchongolo na Xibelani i swin’wana swa swiyila swa ku cina leswi hlanganisiwaka ni ndhavuko wa Vatsonga. Xibelani ngopfu-ngopfu xi tiveka hi ku cina loku fambisanaka ni swiambalo swa ndzhavuko. Vuyimbeleri bya Xitsonga na byona byi hundzuke hi ku famba ka nkarhi, kambe byi ya mahlweni byi ri ndlela yo komba ririmi, matimu, ntsako ni vutivi bya Vatsonga. Hi ku gimeta, ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga i ndzhavuko lowu fuweke hi ririmi, matimu, mindyangu, vukhongeri, vuyimbeleri, ku cina, swiambalo, swakudya ni mikhuva yo hambana. Xitsonga i xiphemu xa nkoka swinene xa ndzhavuko lowu hikuva xi hundzisa vutivi ni nkoka ku suka eka rixaka rin’wana ku ya eka rin'wana. Hambiswiritano, ndzhavuko wa Vatsonga a wu fani eka vanhu hinkwav̈o; ku ni ku hambana ka mikhuva hi ndhawu, ndyangu ni ntlawa. Hikuva ndzhavuko wu cinca hi ku famba ka nkarhi, i swa nkoka leswaku rixaka ra sweswi ri hlayisa ririmi, matimu ni mikhuva leyi akaka vumunhu bya Vatsonga. '''SWIKOMBISO:''' dfajv8upd2i06scgsfv579ockg6bvel 0 8281 42864 2026-09-30T07:47:39Z NwaMasingita 12492 ndzi tatisile swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke 42864 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Elderly man in Rhodes, Greece (black and white).jpg|thumb|Wanuna u vonaka a mbale hembe]] '''Hembe''' rito leri ra hembe ri huma eka rito ra Afrikaans ''hemp''. Rito leri ri tirhisiwa siku ni siku ku hlamusela swiambalo, kambe ri tlhela ri va ni nkoka eka ndzhaka. Hi nkarhi wa mintlango ya ndzhaka, ''hembe'' yi ambariwa hi vavasati swin’we na ''xibelani'' (xikete xa ndzhaka) naswona hi vavanuna yi ambariwa swin’we na ''xirhendzevo'' (buruku ra ndzhaka) eka mikhuvo yo tanihi vukati, nkhuvo wa vafi na ku nghenisiwa ka vana.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Arias Arias |first=Iván |last2=Bertomeu Pi |first2=Pau |date=2023-12-14 |title=Integración del Wiktionary en el plan estudios de Lingüística de la Licenciatura en Filología Alemana |url=https://doi.org/10.7203/qf.0.26614 |journal=Quaderns de Filologia - Estudis Lingüístics |volume=28 |pages=111–124 |doi=10.7203/qf.0.26614 |issn=2444-1449}}</ref> Xifunengeto xa ''hembe'' xi nga kombisa xiyimo xa munhu eka vaaki, malembe kumbe ku nghenisiwa eka mikhuvo ya ndzhaka. Rito leri ri tlhela ri kumeka eka swivuriso swo tanihi ''ku pfuka u nga ri na hembe'' leswi vulaka ku va muhlupheki, na ''ku hlamba hembe'' leswi vulaka ku basisa vito ra munhu.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rycroft |first=David |date=1959-04 |title=English–Zulu Dictionary. Compiled by C. M. Doke, D. McK. Malcolm, and J. M. A. Sikakana. Johannesburg: Witwatersrand University Press, 1958. Pp. 572. |url=https://doi.org/10.2307/1157532 |journal=Africa |volume=29 |issue=2 |pages=209–210 |doi=10.2307/1157532 |issn=0001-9720}}</ref> Ku tlhela ku kombisa leswaku ''hembe'' i rito ra Bantu leri kumekaka eka tindzimi tin’wana ta le Afrika Dzonga, tanihi Shona eZimbabwe na Zulu (''ihembe''), leswi kombaka ku hlanganisiwa ka ndzhaka ya tindzimi ta le xifundzheni. Eka tindhawu ta le mapurasini eLimpopo na Mpumalanga, ''hembe'' yi hlanganisiwa ngopfu ni swiambalo swa xikolo na swa kereke, leswi kombaka ku xixima na ku tshembeka. Eka tindhawu ta le dorobeni, ''hembe'' yi tlhela yi tirhisa eka swiambalo swa manguva lawa na swa fashoni, leswi kombaka ku hundzuka ka ikhonomi na vutomi bya vanhu.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Smith |first=E. W. |date=1928-07 |title=The Life of a South African Tribe. By Henri A. Junod, D.Litt. Second edition. London: Macmillan &amp; Co.1927. 2 vols 559 + 660 pp. Illustrated. Price £2. 10<i>s</i>. |url=https://doi.org/10.2307/1155641 |journal=Africa |volume=1 |issue=3 |pages=391–392 |doi=10.2307/1155641 |issn=0001-9720}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == th5451g0q0h61og4mv30tonouzhygz1 42865 42864 2026-09-30T07:48:56Z NwaMasingita 12492 ndzi tsarile ntlawa 42865 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Elderly man in Rhodes, Greece (black and white).jpg|thumb|Wanuna u vonaka a mbale hembe]] '''Hembe''' rito leri ra hembe ri huma eka rito ra Afrikaans ''hemp''. Rito leri ri tirhisiwa siku ni siku ku hlamusela swiambalo, kambe ri tlhela ri va ni nkoka eka ndzhaka. Hi nkarhi wa mintlango ya ndzhaka, ''hembe'' yi ambariwa hi vavasati swin’we na ''xibelani'' (xikete xa ndzhaka) naswona hi vavanuna yi ambariwa swin’we na ''xirhendzevo'' (buruku ra ndzhaka) eka mikhuvo yo tanihi vukati, nkhuvo wa vafi na ku nghenisiwa ka vana.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Arias Arias |first=Iván |last2=Bertomeu Pi |first2=Pau |date=2023-12-14 |title=Integración del Wiktionary en el plan estudios de Lingüística de la Licenciatura en Filología Alemana |url=https://doi.org/10.7203/qf.0.26614 |journal=Quaderns de Filologia - Estudis Lingüístics |volume=28 |pages=111–124 |doi=10.7203/qf.0.26614 |issn=2444-1449}}</ref> Xifunengeto xa ''hembe'' xi nga kombisa xiyimo xa munhu eka vaaki, malembe kumbe ku nghenisiwa eka mikhuvo ya ndzhaka. Rito leri ri tlhela ri kumeka eka swivuriso swo tanihi ''ku pfuka u nga ri na hembe'' leswi vulaka ku va muhlupheki, na ''ku hlamba hembe'' leswi vulaka ku basisa vito ra munhu.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rycroft |first=David |date=1959-04 |title=English–Zulu Dictionary. Compiled by C. M. Doke, D. McK. Malcolm, and J. M. A. Sikakana. Johannesburg: Witwatersrand University Press, 1958. Pp. 572. |url=https://doi.org/10.2307/1157532 |journal=Africa |volume=29 |issue=2 |pages=209–210 |doi=10.2307/1157532 |issn=0001-9720}}</ref> Ku tlhela ku kombisa leswaku ''hembe'' i rito ra Bantu leri kumekaka eka tindzimi tin’wana ta le Afrika Dzonga, tanihi Shona eZimbabwe na Zulu (''ihembe''), leswi kombaka ku hlanganisiwa ka ndzhaka ya tindzimi ta le xifundzheni. Eka tindhawu ta le mapurasini eLimpopo na Mpumalanga, ''hembe'' yi hlanganisiwa ngopfu ni swiambalo swa xikolo na swa kereke, leswi kombaka ku xixima na ku tshembeka. Eka tindhawu ta le dorobeni, ''hembe'' yi tlhela yi tirhisa eka swiambalo swa manguva lawa na swa fashoni, leswi kombaka ku hundzuka ka ikhonomi na vutomi bya vanhu.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Smith |first=E. W. |date=1928-07 |title=The Life of a South African Tribe. By Henri A. Junod, D.Litt. Second edition. London: Macmillan &amp; Co.1927. 2 vols 559 + 660 pp. Illustrated. Price £2. 10<i>s</i>. |url=https://doi.org/10.2307/1155641 |journal=Africa |volume=1 |issue=3 |pages=391–392 |doi=10.2307/1155641 |issn=0001-9720}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == <references /> [[Category:Swiambalo]] 4fast0z3dj7d8v5d1ilwijzbmeftauo 0 8282 42866 2026-09-30T07:52:15Z NwaMasingita 12492 Created page with "[[File:Elderly man in Rhodes, Greece (black and white).jpg|thumb|Wanuna u vonaka a mbale hembe]] '''Hembe''' rito leri ra hembe ri huma eka rito ra Afrikaans ''hemp''. Rito leri ri tirhisiwa siku ni siku ku hlamusela swiambalo, kambe ri tlhela ri va ni nkoka eka ndzhaka. Hi nkarhi wa mintlango ya ndzhaka, ''hembe'' yi ambariwa hi vavasati swin’we na ''xibelani'' (xikete xa ndzhaka) naswona hi vavanuna yi ambariwa swin’we na ''xirhendzevo'' (buruku ra ndzhaka) eka mi..." 42866 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Elderly man in Rhodes, Greece (black and white).jpg|thumb|Wanuna u vonaka a mbale hembe]] '''Hembe''' rito leri ra hembe ri huma eka rito ra Afrikaans ''hemp''. Rito leri ri tirhisiwa siku ni siku ku hlamusela swiambalo, kambe ri tlhela ri va ni nkoka eka ndzhaka. Hi nkarhi wa mintlango ya ndzhaka, ''hembe'' yi ambariwa hi vavasati swin’we na ''xibelani'' (xikete xa ndzhaka) naswona hi vavanuna yi ambariwa swin’we na ''xirhendzevo'' (buruku ra ndzhaka) eka mikhuvo yo tanihi vukati, nkhuvo wa vafi na ku nghenisiwa ka vana.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Arias Arias |first=Iván |last2=Bertomeu Pi |first2=Pau |date=2023-12-14 |title=Integración del Wiktionary en el plan estudios de Lingüística de la Licenciatura en Filología Alemana |url=https://doi.org/10.7203/qf.0.26614 |journal=Quaderns de Filologia - Estudis Lingüístics |volume=28 |pages=111–124 |doi=10.7203/qf.0.26614 |issn=2444-1449}}</ref> Xifunengeto xa ''hembe'' xi nga kombisa xiyimo xa munhu eka vaaki, malembe kumbe ku nghenisiwa eka mikhuvo ya ndzhaka. Rito leri ri tlhela ri kumeka eka swivuriso swo tanihi ''ku pfuka u nga ri na hembe'' leswi vulaka ku va muhlupheki, na ''ku hlamba hembe'' leswi vulaka ku basisa vito ra munhu.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rycroft |first=David |date=1959-04 |title=English–Zulu Dictionary. Compiled by C. M. Doke, D. McK. Malcolm, and J. M. A. Sikakana. Johannesburg: Witwatersrand University Press, 1958. Pp. 572. |url=https://doi.org/10.2307/1157532 |journal=Africa |volume=29 |issue=2 |pages=209–210 |doi=10.2307/1157532 |issn=0001-9720}}</ref> Ku tlhela ku kombisa leswaku ''hembe'' i rito ra Bantu leri kumekaka eka tindzimi tin’wana ta le Afrika Dzonga, tanihi Shona eZimbabwe na Zulu (''ihembe''), leswi kombaka ku hlanganisiwa ka ndzhaka ya tindzimi ta le xifundzheni. Eka tindhawu ta le mapurasini eLimpopo na Mpumalanga, ''hembe'' yi hlanganisiwa ngopfu ni swiambalo swa xikolo na swa kereke, leswi kombaka ku xixima na ku tshembeka. Eka tindhawu ta le dorobeni, ''hembe'' yi tlhela yi tirhisa eka swiambalo swa manguva lawa na swa fashoni, leswi kombaka ku hundzuka ka ikhonomi na vutomi bya vanhu.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Smith |first=E. W. |date=1928-07 |title=The Life of a South African Tribe. By Henri A. Junod, D.Litt. Second edition. London: Macmillan &amp; Co.1927. 2 vols 559 + 660 pp. Illustrated. Price £2. 10<i>s</i>. |url=https://doi.org/10.2307/1155641 |journal=Africa |volume=1 |issue=3 |pages=391–392 |doi=10.2307/1155641 |issn=0001-9720}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == <references /> [[Category:Swiambalo]] 4fast0z3dj7d8v5d1ilwijzbmeftauo 0 8283 42867 2026-09-30T07:53:24Z Scotch Neverdie 12518 ndzi tumbuluxe atikili yo helela 42867 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:GUWELA.jpg|right]] NYARHI Xana nyarhi i yini? Kuna muxaka wun’we ntsena wa tinyarhi e Afrika kambe tinxaka letintsongo ta mune leti hambaneke ti kona: forest buffalo, West African savanna buffalo, Central African buffalo, na southern savanna buffalo (leyi tivekaka tani hi Cape buffalo). Tinyarhi ta savanna i swiharhi leswikulu, swo tika leswi fanaka na tihomu. A ti hambananga ngopfu hi vukulu ntsena kambe hi swivumbeko swa timhondzo ta tona ni mihlovo ya tona. Hi ntolovelo letikulu tina muhlovo wa wasi wo dzwihala kumbe wa ntima (kumbe hambi kuri ku languteka titshuka kumbe to basa loko ti tshame ti rhendzeleka eka ndzhope wa muvala wolowo) naswona vana vatala kuva na muhlovo wotshuka-buraweni. Tinyarhi letitsongo ta le khwatini ti hlayisa muhlovo wo tshwuka hambiloko se ti kurile, hambileswi evupela-dyambu bya Uganda, tinyarhi to tala ta le savana na tona ti nga to tshwuka kumbe ta orenji wo dzwihala ematshan’weni ya ntima. Vanhu lavakulu va lahlekeriwa hi misisi loko va ri karhi va dyuhala. Ta xinuna na ta xisati tina timhondzo to tika, letingana swirhendzevutani leti milaka hiku kongoma kusuka enhlokweni kutani ti goveka kuya ehansi kutani ti ya ehenhla. Timhondzo i matlhari yo chavisa yo lwisana na swiharhi leswi dyaka swiharhi naswona ya tirhisiwa loko ku tsutsumela ndhawu endzeni ka ntlhambi; ta xinuna ti tirhisa timhondzo loko ti lwela ku fuma.<ref>{{Cite web|title=African Buffalo {{!}} African Wildlife Foundation|url=https://www.awf.org/wildlife-conservation/african-buffalo|accessdate=2026-09-30|website=www.awf.org|language=en}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == 1.https://www.awf.org/wildlife-conservation/african-buffalo<ref>{{Cite web|title=African Buffalo {{!}} African Wildlife Foundation|url=https://www.awf.org/wildlife-conservation/african-buffalo|accessdate=2026-09-30|website=www.awf.org|language=en}}</ref> {{DEFAULTSORT:Draft 3 }} ta3shpkdgjjd1qh0sbmpckfknb8am5m 2 8284 42869 2026-09-30T07:55:51Z SHAMAIN22 12526 ndzi paluxe papila 42869 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Lion (Panthera leo) male 6y.jpg|thumb|Nghala]] Nghala i xiharhi xa nhova lexi tivekaka hi vito ra Panthera leo, naswona i xiharhi lexikulu lexi hanyaka ngopfu emigangeni ya Afrika, laha xi dyaka swiharhi swin’wana swo fana na timhunti, timangwa ni swiharhi swin’wana swa nhova.<ref>{{Cite book |date=2023-10-24 |title=CHECHE ZA AFRIKA |url=https://doi.org/10.2307/jj.15976575.17 |publisher=Modjaji Books |isbn=978-1-991240-34-7 |pages=41–43}}</ref> Tinghala ti hanya hi mintlawa leyi vitaniwaka ntlhambha, naswona mintlawa leyi yi nga katsa tinghala ta xisati, vana va tona ni tinghala ta xinuna, kasi tinghala ta xisati ti tala ku hoxa xandla eku hloteni ka swakudya swa ntlawa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sarang |first=Nabeelah |last2=Bracken |first2=Matthew L. |last3=Nowakowska |first3=Monika |last4=Mathura |first4=Sadhna |date=2024-11 |title=Synthesis and characterisation of dipyrromethene Cu(II) complexes: A preliminary DNA intercalation study |url=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poly.2024.117161 |journal=Polyhedron |volume=262 |pages=117161 |doi=10.1016/j.poly.2024.117161 |issn=0277-5387}}</ref> Eka matsheketo ni matsalwa ya Xitsonga, nghala yi tala ku tirhisiwa tani hi ximunhuhatwa lexi yimelaka vunhenha, vukulu ni nhlomulo<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Canonici |first=N. N. |date=1986-01 |title=Sequential depth in Zulu folk-tales |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02572117.1986.10586652 |journal=South African Journal of African Languages |volume=6 |issue=2 |pages=62–66 |doi=10.1080/02572117.1986.10586652 |issn=0257-2117}}</ref>, naswona eka matsheketo man’wana yi kombisiwa yi ri na ntamu kambe yi nga va yi titshemba ngopfu kumbe yi endla swihoxo leswi tirhisiwaka ku dyondzisa vahlayi.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Leyo |first=Desmond Vidor |title=Le mimétisme juridique dans le droit de l'OHADA |url=https://doi.org/10.70675/ce581383za31cz4039z8a73z64657424ff93}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == <references /> kmvy0lm12s1mey0apcsba3tb1usn3q7 0 8285 42872 2026-09-30T08:03:56Z NwaMasingita 12492 ndzi tatisile swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke 42872 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Darata''' a hi ntsena ku vula “data” kumbe “switiviwa” leswi hlengeletiweke hi nomboro kumbe tsalwa. Eka ririmi ra vanhu, ''darata'' yi tlhela yi tirhisa ku vula “fence” kumbe “xirhangu” lexi akiweke ku rhendzela yindlu, xibokisana kumbe ndhawu. Leswi swi kombisa leswaku rito leri ri ni swivumbeko swimbirhi hi ku ya hi leswi vulavuriwaka hi swona.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Smith |first=E. W. |date=1928-07 |title=The Life of a South African Tribe. By Henri A. Junod, D.Litt. Second edition. London: Macmillan &amp; Co.1927. 2 vols 559 + 660 pp. Illustrated. Price £2. 10<i>s</i>. |url=https://doi.org/10.2307/1155641 |journal=Africa |volume=1 |issue=3 |pages=391–392 |doi=10.2307/1155641 |issn=0001-9720}}</ref> Loko ku vulavuriwa hi ''darata'' tanihi “fence,” vanhu va Xitsonga va tirhisa marito yo tanihi: * ''darata ya yindlu'' — xirhangu lexi rhendzelaka yindlu. * ''darata ya bindzu'' — xirhangu lexi sirhelela bindzu. * ''darata ya pulasitiki'' kumbe ''ya nsimbi'' — ku kombisa leswi akiweke hi swilo swo hambana.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rycroft |first=David |date=1963-10 |title=A Grammar of Northern Transvaal Ndebele. By D. Ziervogel. Pretoria: J. L. van Schaik Ltd., 1959. Pp. x+227. £2. 12<i>s</i>. |url=https://doi.org/10.2307/1158090 |journal=Africa |volume=33 |issue=4 |pages=376–377 |doi=10.2307/1158090 |issn=0001-9720}}</ref> Hi ndzhaka, ''darata'' yi kombisa ku sirhelela ndyangu, ku hlayisa swifuwo, ku sivela ku nghena ka vanhu hi ndlela yo ka yi nga ri ya nkoka. Eka tindhawu ta le mapurasini, ''darata'' yi tlhela yi va xifaniso xa vutshila bya vanhu hi ku tirhisa nsimbi, mapulanga kumbe switirhisiwa swo olova.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tasie |first=G. O. M. |date=1974-06 |title=African Religions and Philosophy by John S. Mbiti London, Heinemann, 1969. Pp. xiv+290. £1.05 paperback. - Concepts of God in Africa by John S. Mbiti London, S.P.C.K., 1970. Pp. xv+348. £3.00. |url=https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x00009290 |journal=The Journal of Modern African Studies |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=326–329 |doi=10.1017/s0022278x00009290 |issn=0022-278X}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == gbgp3xgckiouu1va07m1mmnmtjgkusc 42873 42872 2026-09-30T08:04:37Z NwaMasingita 12492 42873 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Darata''' a hi ntsena ku vula “data” kumbe “switiviwa” leswi hlengeletiweke hi nomboro kumbe tsalwa. Eka ririmi ra vanhu, ''darata'' yi tlhela yi tirhisa ku vula “fence” kumbe “xirhangu” lexi akiweke ku rhendzela yindlu, xibokisana kumbe ndhawu. Leswi swi kombisa leswaku rito leri ri ni swivumbeko swimbirhi hi ku ya hi leswi vulavuriwaka hi swona.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Smith |first=E. W. |date=1928-07 |title=The Life of a South African Tribe. By Henri A. Junod, D.Litt. Second edition. London: Macmillan &amp; Co.1927. 2 vols 559 + 660 pp. Illustrated. Price £2. 10<i>s</i>. |url=https://doi.org/10.2307/1155641 |journal=Africa |volume=1 |issue=3 |pages=391–392 |doi=10.2307/1155641 |issn=0001-9720}}</ref> Loko ku vulavuriwa hi ''darata'' tanihi “fence,” vanhu va Xitsonga va tirhisa marito yo tanihi: * ''darata ya yindlu'' — xirhangu lexi rhendzelaka yindlu. * ''darata ya bindzu'' — xirhangu lexi sirhelela bindzu. * ''darata ya pulasitiki'' kumbe ''ya nsimbi'' — ku kombisa leswi akiweke hi swilo swo hambana.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rycroft |first=David |date=1963-10 |title=A Grammar of Northern Transvaal Ndebele. By D. Ziervogel. Pretoria: J. L. van Schaik Ltd., 1959. Pp. x+227. £2. 12<i>s</i>. |url=https://doi.org/10.2307/1158090 |journal=Africa |volume=33 |issue=4 |pages=376–377 |doi=10.2307/1158090 |issn=0001-9720}}</ref> Hi ndzhaka, ''darata'' yi kombisa ku sirhelela ndyangu, ku hlayisa swifuwo, ku sivela ku nghena ka vanhu hi ndlela yo ka yi nga ri ya nkoka. Eka tindhawu ta le mapurasini, ''darata'' yi tlhela yi va xifaniso xa vutshila bya vanhu hi ku tirhisa nsimbi, mapulanga kumbe switirhisiwa swo olova.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tasie |first=G. O. M. |date=1974-06 |title=African Religions and Philosophy by John S. Mbiti London, Heinemann, 1969. Pp. xiv+290. £1.05 paperback. - Concepts of God in Africa by John S. Mbiti London, S.P.C.K., 1970. Pp. xv+348. £3.00. |url=https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x00009290 |journal=The Journal of Modern African Studies |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=326–329 |doi=10.1017/s0022278x00009290 |issn=0022-278X}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == <references /> [[Category:Ndyangu]] hyj0ckkodbn9q26mgso1utv52nvyrw0 42875 42873 2026-09-30T08:06:46Z NwaMasingita 12492 ndzi tatisile xifaniso 42875 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Dülmen, Kirchspiel, Wiese in der Bauerschaft Börnste -- 2016 -- 1523-9.jpg|thumb|xifaniso xa darata]] '''Darata''' a hi ntsena ku vula “data” kumbe “switiviwa” leswi hlengeletiweke hi nomboro kumbe tsalwa. Eka ririmi ra vanhu, ''darata'' yi tlhela yi tirhisa ku vula “fence” kumbe “xirhangu” lexi akiweke ku rhendzela yindlu, xibokisana kumbe ndhawu. Leswi swi kombisa leswaku rito leri ri ni swivumbeko swimbirhi hi ku ya hi leswi vulavuriwaka hi swona.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Smith |first=E. W. |date=1928-07 |title=The Life of a South African Tribe. By Henri A. Junod, D.Litt. Second edition. London: Macmillan &amp; Co.1927. 2 vols 559 + 660 pp. Illustrated. Price £2. 10<i>s</i>. |url=https://doi.org/10.2307/1155641 |journal=Africa |volume=1 |issue=3 |pages=391–392 |doi=10.2307/1155641 |issn=0001-9720}}</ref> Loko ku vulavuriwa hi ''darata'' tanihi “fence,” vanhu va Xitsonga va tirhisa marito yo tanihi: * ''darata ya yindlu'' — xirhangu lexi rhendzelaka yindlu. * ''darata ya bindzu'' — xirhangu lexi sirhelela bindzu. * ''darata ya pulasitiki'' kumbe ''ya nsimbi'' — ku kombisa leswi akiweke hi swilo swo hambana.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rycroft |first=David |date=1963-10 |title=A Grammar of Northern Transvaal Ndebele. By D. Ziervogel. Pretoria: J. L. van Schaik Ltd., 1959. Pp. x+227. £2. 12<i>s</i>. |url=https://doi.org/10.2307/1158090 |journal=Africa |volume=33 |issue=4 |pages=376–377 |doi=10.2307/1158090 |issn=0001-9720}}</ref> Hi ndzhaka, ''darata'' yi kombisa ku sirhelela ndyangu, ku hlayisa swifuwo, ku sivela ku nghena ka vanhu hi ndlela yo ka yi nga ri ya nkoka. Eka tindhawu ta le mapurasini, ''darata'' yi tlhela yi va xifaniso xa vutshila bya vanhu hi ku tirhisa nsimbi, mapulanga kumbe switirhisiwa swo olova.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tasie |first=G. O. M. |date=1974-06 |title=African Religions and Philosophy by John S. Mbiti London, Heinemann, 1969. Pp. xiv+290. £1.05 paperback. - Concepts of God in Africa by John S. Mbiti London, S.P.C.K., 1970. Pp. xv+348. £3.00. |url=https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x00009290 |journal=The Journal of Modern African Studies |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=326–329 |doi=10.1017/s0022278x00009290 |issn=0022-278X}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == <references /> [[Category:Ndyangu]] 30b0gu478n3oh96m1pptg3yeo1u60qd 0 8286 42876 2026-09-30T08:07:49Z NwaMasingita 12492 Created page with "[[File:Dülmen, Kirchspiel, Wiese in der Bauerschaft Börnste -- 2016 -- 1523-9.jpg|thumb|xifaniso xa darata]] '''Darata''' a hi ntsena ku vula “data” kumbe “switiviwa” leswi hlengeletiweke hi nomboro kumbe tsalwa. Eka ririmi ra vanhu, ''darata'' yi tlhela yi tirhisa ku vula “fence” kumbe “xirhangu” lexi akiweke ku rhendzela yindlu, xibokisana kumbe ndhawu. Leswi swi kombisa leswaku rito leri ri ni swivumbeko swimbirhi hi ku ya hi leswi vulavuriwaka hi sw..." 42876 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Dülmen, Kirchspiel, Wiese in der Bauerschaft Börnste -- 2016 -- 1523-9.jpg|thumb|xifaniso xa darata]] '''Darata''' a hi ntsena ku vula “data” kumbe “switiviwa” leswi hlengeletiweke hi nomboro kumbe tsalwa. Eka ririmi ra vanhu, ''darata'' yi tlhela yi tirhisa ku vula “fence” kumbe “xirhangu” lexi akiweke ku rhendzela yindlu, xibokisana kumbe ndhawu. Leswi swi kombisa leswaku rito leri ri ni swivumbeko swimbirhi hi ku ya hi leswi vulavuriwaka hi swona.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Smith |first=E. W. |date=1928-07 |title=The Life of a South African Tribe. By Henri A. Junod, D.Litt. Second edition. London: Macmillan &amp; Co.1927. 2 vols 559 + 660 pp. Illustrated. Price £2. 10<i>s</i>. |url=https://doi.org/10.2307/1155641 |journal=Africa |volume=1 |issue=3 |pages=391–392 |doi=10.2307/1155641 |issn=0001-9720}}</ref> Loko ku vulavuriwa hi ''darata'' tanihi “fence,” vanhu va Xitsonga va tirhisa marito yo tanihi: * ''darata ya yindlu'' — xirhangu lexi rhendzelaka yindlu. * ''darata ya bindzu'' — xirhangu lexi sirhelela bindzu. * ''darata ya pulasitiki'' kumbe ''ya nsimbi'' — ku kombisa leswi akiweke hi swilo swo hambana.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rycroft |first=David |date=1963-10 |title=A Grammar of Northern Transvaal Ndebele. By D. Ziervogel. Pretoria: J. L. van Schaik Ltd., 1959. Pp. x+227. £2. 12<i>s</i>. |url=https://doi.org/10.2307/1158090 |journal=Africa |volume=33 |issue=4 |pages=376–377 |doi=10.2307/1158090 |issn=0001-9720}}</ref> Hi ndzhaka, ''darata'' yi kombisa ku sirhelela ndyangu, ku hlayisa swifuwo, ku sivela ku nghena ka vanhu hi ndlela yo ka yi nga ri ya nkoka. Eka tindhawu ta le mapurasini, ''darata'' yi tlhela yi va xifaniso xa vutshila bya vanhu hi ku tirhisa nsimbi, mapulanga kumbe switirhisiwa swo olova.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tasie |first=G. O. M. |date=1974-06 |title=African Religions and Philosophy by John S. Mbiti London, Heinemann, 1969. Pp. xiv+290. £1.05 paperback. - Concepts of God in Africa by John S. Mbiti London, S.P.C.K., 1970. Pp. xv+348. £3.00. |url=https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x00009290 |journal=The Journal of Modern African Studies |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=326–329 |doi=10.1017/s0022278x00009290 |issn=0022-278X}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == <references /> [[Category:Ndyangu]] 30b0gu478n3oh96m1pptg3yeo1u60qd 2 8287 42877 2026-09-30T08:17:49Z BennyPres 12499 Created page with "Vuhlayiseki bya Ririmi ra Xitsonga eka Internet Internet i ndhawu leyi vanhu va yi tirhisaka ku kuma ni ku avelana mahungu. Ririmi ra Xitsonga ri nga tiyisiwa swinene loko ri tirhisiwa eka tindhawu ta dijithali. Ku va ni tinhlamuselo, swihloko, tidyondzo ni mahungu hi Xitsonga eka Internet swi pfuna vanhu ku kota ku kuma vutivi hi ririmi leri va ri twisisaka. Vantshwa va nga va na xiave lexikulu eka ku hlayisa Xitsonga eka Internet. Va nga tsala swihloko, ku endla tivh..." 42877 wikitext text/x-wiki Vuhlayiseki bya Ririmi ra Xitsonga eka Internet Internet i ndhawu leyi vanhu va yi tirhisaka ku kuma ni ku avelana mahungu. Ririmi ra Xitsonga ri nga tiyisiwa swinene loko ri tirhisiwa eka tindhawu ta dijithali. Ku va ni tinhlamuselo, swihloko, tidyondzo ni mahungu hi Xitsonga eka Internet swi pfuna vanhu ku kota ku kuma vutivi hi ririmi leri va ri twisisaka. Vantshwa va nga va na xiave lexikulu eka ku hlayisa Xitsonga eka Internet. Va nga tsala swihloko, ku endla tivhidiyo, ku hundzuluxa mahungu ni ku avelana vutivi hi Xitsonga eka tindhawu to fana na Wikipedia na swiyenge swin’wana swa le ka Internet. Swilo leswi swi nga pfuna leswaku ririmi ri ya ri tirhisiwa eka thekinoloji. Ku hlayisa Xitsonga eka Internet i ndlela yin’wana yo hlayisa ndhavuko ni vutivi bya Vatsonga. Loko ririmi ri tirhisiwa eka thekinoloji, ri nga fika eka vanhu vo tala naswona ri nga dyondziwa hi switukulwana leswi taka. Hinkwavo hi nga va na xiave eku ndlandlamuxeni ka Xitsonga eka Internet. Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke Statistics South Africa. Consumer Price Index (CPI), August 2026. Statistics South Africa Statistics South Africa. What is the Consumer Price Index? Statistics South Africa 9sf8zwex50ffy0rg645a2aboqyssk7i 42879 42877 2026-09-30T08:18:53Z BennyPres 12499 42879 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vuhlayiseki bya Ririmi ra Xitsonga eka Internet''' '''Internet''' i ndhawu leyi vanhu va yi tirhisaka ku kuma ni ku avelana mahungu. Ririmi ra Xitsonga ri nga tiyisiwa swinene loko ri tirhisiwa eka tindhawu ta dijithali. Ku va ni tinhlamuselo, swihloko, tidyondzo ni mahungu hi Xitsonga eka Internet swi pfuna vanhu ku kota ku kuma vutivi hi ririmi leri va ri twisisaka. Vantshwa va nga va na xiave lexikulu eka ku hlayisa Xitsonga eka Internet. Va nga tsala swihloko, ku endla tivhidiyo, ku hundzuluxa mahungu ni ku avelana vutivi hi Xitsonga eka tindhawu to fana na Wikipedia na swiyenge swin’wana swa le ka Internet. Swilo leswi swi nga pfuna leswaku ririmi ri ya ri tirhisiwa eka thekinoloji. Ku hlayisa Xitsonga eka Internet i ndlela yin’wana yo hlayisa ndhavuko ni vutivi bya Vatsonga. Loko ririmi ri tirhisiwa eka thekinoloji, ri nga fika eka vanhu vo tala naswona ri nga dyondziwa hi switukulwana leswi taka. Hinkwavo hi nga va na xiave eku ndlandlamuxeni ka Xitsonga eka Internet. == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == Statistics South Africa. Consumer Price Index (CPI), August 2026. Statistics South Africa Statistics South Africa. What is the Consumer Price Index? Statistics South Africa r0v1z4ngi8uxmx3fmfx93fwpdxelf3f 42882 42879 2026-09-30T08:25:41Z BennyPres 12499 42882 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vuhlayiseki bya Ririmi ra Xitsonga eka Internet''' '''Internet''' i ndhawu leyi vanhu va yi tirhisaka ku kuma ni ku avelana mahungu. Ririmi ra Xitsonga ri nga tiyisiwa swinene loko ri tirhisiwa eka tindhawu ta dijithali. Ku va ni tinhlamuselo, swihloko, tidyondzo ni mahungu hi Xitsonga eka Internet swi pfuna vanhu ku kota ku kuma vutivi hi ririmi leri va ri twisisaka. Vantshwa va nga va na xiave lexikulu eka ku hlayisa Xitsonga eka Internet. Va nga tsala swihloko, ku endla tivhidiyo, ku hundzuluxa mahungu ni ku avelana vutivi hi Xitsonga eka tindhawu to fana na Wikipedia na swiyenge swin’wana swa le ka Internet. Swilo leswi swi nga pfuna leswaku ririmi ri ya ri tirhisiwa eka thekinoloji. Ku hlayisa Xitsonga eka Internet i ndlela yin’wana yo hlayisa ndhavuko ni vutivi bya Vatsonga. Loko ririmi ri tirhisiwa eka thekinoloji, ri nga fika eka vanhu vo tala naswona ri nga dyondziwa hi switukulwana leswi taka. Hinkwavo hi nga va na xiave eku ndlandlamuxeni ka Xitsonga eka Internet. == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == https://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=19933 https://www.statssa.gov.za/publications/P0141/P0141July2026.pdf [[Category:Thekinoloji]] gc87v1upkm8wpmcml8788lq9cbiqz0q 42883 42882 2026-09-30T08:28:01Z BennyPres 12499 42883 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vuhlayiseki bya Ririmi ra Xitsonga eka Internet''' '''Internet''' i ndhawu leyi vanhu va yi tirhisaka ku kuma ni ku avelana mahungu. [[Ririmi ra Xitsonga na vutitivisi bya ndhavuko.|Ririmi]] ra Xitsonga ri nga tiyisiwa swinene loko ri tirhisiwa eka tindhawu ta dijithali. Ku va ni tinhlamuselo, swihloko, [[Tidyondzo ta ikhonomi|tidyondzo]] ni mahungu hi Xitsonga eka Internet swi pfuna vanhu ku kota ku kuma vutivi hi ririmi leri va ri twisisaka. Vantshwa va nga va na xiave lexikulu eka ku hlayisa Xitsonga eka Internet. Va nga tsala swihloko, ku endla tivhidiyo, ku hundzuluxa mahungu ni ku avelana vutivi hi Xitsonga eka tindhawu to fana na Wikipedia na swiyenge swin’wana swa le ka Internet. Swilo leswi swi nga pfuna leswaku ririmi ri ya ri tirhisiwa eka [[thekinoloji]]. Ku hlayisa Xitsonga eka Internet i ndlela yin’wana yo hlayisa ndhavuko ni vutivi bya Vatsonga. Loko ririmi ri tirhisiwa eka thekinoloji, ri nga fika eka vanhu vo tala naswona ri nga dyondziwa hi switukulwana leswi taka. Hinkwavo hi nga va na xiave eku ndlandlamuxeni ka Xitsonga eka Internet. == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == https://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=19933 https://www.statssa.gov.za/publications/P0141/P0141July2026.pdf [[Category:Thekinoloji]] qo3ee0rpkfudx2szomqv9f2flcmpubj 42884 42883 2026-09-30T08:31:30Z BennyPres 12499 42884 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vuhlayiseki bya Ririmi ra Xitsonga eka Internet''' '''Internet''' i ndhawu leyi vanhu va yi tirhisaka ku kuma ni ku avelana mahungu. [[Ririmi ra Xitsonga na vutitivisi bya ndhavuko.|Ririmi]] ra Xitsonga ri nga tiyisiwa swinene loko ri tirhisiwa eka tindhawu ta dijithali. Ku va ni tinhlamuselo, swihloko, [[Tidyondzo ta ikhonomi|tidyondzo]] ni mahungu hi Xitsonga eka Internet swi pfuna vanhu ku kota ku kuma vutivi hi ririmi leri va ri twisisaka.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=19933|accessdate=2026-09-30|website=www.statssa.gov.za}}</ref> Vantshwa va nga va na xiave lexikulu eka ku hlayisa Xitsonga eka Internet. Va nga tsala swihloko, ku endla tivhidiyo, ku hundzuluxa mahungu ni ku avelana vutivi hi Xitsonga eka tindhawu to fana na Wikipedia na swiyenge swin’wana swa le ka Internet. Swilo leswi swi nga pfuna leswaku ririmi ri ya ri tirhisiwa eka [[thekinoloji]]. Ku hlayisa Xitsonga eka Internet i ndlela yin’wana yo hlayisa ndhavuko ni vutivi bya Vatsonga. Loko ririmi ri tirhisiwa eka thekinoloji, ri nga fika eka vanhu vo tala naswona ri nga dyondziwa hi switukulwana leswi taka. Hinkwavo hi nga va na xiave eku ndlandlamuxeni ka Xitsonga eka Internet.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=19933|accessdate=2026-09-30|website=www.statssa.gov.za}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == https://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=19933 https://www.statssa.gov.za/publications/P0141/P0141July2026.pdf [[Category:Thekinoloji]] alna4vm30o93t0ybeyjp9kkuap7vf69 42885 42884 2026-09-30T08:32:31Z BennyPres 12499 42885 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vuhlayiseki bya Ririmi ra Xitsonga eka Internet''' '''Internet''' i ndhawu leyi vanhu va yi tirhisaka ku kuma ni ku avelana mahungu. [[Ririmi ra Xitsonga na vutitivisi bya ndhavuko.|Ririmi]] ra Xitsonga ri nga tiyisiwa swinene loko ri tirhisiwa eka tindhawu ta dijithali. Ku va ni tinhlamuselo, swihloko, [[Tidyondzo ta ikhonomi|tidyondzo]] ni mahungu hi Xitsonga eka Internet swi pfuna vanhu ku kota ku kuma vutivi hi ririmi leri va ri twisisaka.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=19933|accessdate=2026-09-30|website=www.statssa.gov.za}}</ref> Vantshwa va nga va na xiave lexikulu eka ku hlayisa Xitsonga eka Internet. Va nga tsala swihloko, ku endla tivhidiyo, ku hundzuluxa mahungu ni ku avelana vutivi hi Xitsonga eka tindhawu to fana na Wikipedia na swiyenge swin’wana swa le ka Internet. Swilo leswi swi nga pfuna leswaku ririmi ri ya ri tirhisiwa eka [[thekinoloji]]. Ku hlayisa Xitsonga eka Internet i ndlela yin’wana yo hlayisa ndhavuko ni vutivi bya Vatsonga. Loko ririmi ri tirhisiwa eka thekinoloji, ri nga fika eka vanhu vo tala naswona ri nga dyondziwa hi switukulwana leswi taka. Hinkwavo hi nga va na xiave eku ndlandlamuxeni ka Xitsonga eka Internet.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=19933|accessdate=2026-09-30|website=www.statssa.gov.za}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == . [[Category:Thekinoloji]] bxk66918end3i4d2jxcmxt8f9bjel8p 42886 42885 2026-09-30T08:34:37Z BennyPres 12499 42886 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Derek Moore - A paucity of free and open knowledge.pdf|thumb|xitsonga articles]] '''Vuhlayiseki bya Ririmi ra Xitsonga eka Internet''' '''Internet''' i ndhawu leyi vanhu va yi tirhisaka ku kuma ni ku avelana mahungu. [[Ririmi ra Xitsonga na vutitivisi bya ndhavuko.|Ririmi]] ra Xitsonga ri nga tiyisiwa swinene loko ri tirhisiwa eka tindhawu ta dijithali. Ku va ni tinhlamuselo, swihloko, [[Tidyondzo ta ikhonomi|tidyondzo]] ni mahungu hi Xitsonga eka Internet swi pfuna vanhu ku kota ku kuma vutivi hi ririmi leri va ri twisisaka.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=19933|accessdate=2026-09-30|website=www.statssa.gov.za}}</ref> Vantshwa va nga va na xiave lexikulu eka ku hlayisa Xitsonga eka Internet. Va nga tsala swihloko, ku endla tivhidiyo, ku hundzuluxa mahungu ni ku avelana vutivi hi Xitsonga eka tindhawu to fana na Wikipedia na swiyenge swin’wana swa le ka Internet. Swilo leswi swi nga pfuna leswaku ririmi ri ya ri tirhisiwa eka [[thekinoloji]]. Ku hlayisa Xitsonga eka Internet i ndlela yin’wana yo hlayisa ndhavuko ni vutivi bya Vatsonga. Loko ririmi ri tirhisiwa eka thekinoloji, ri nga fika eka vanhu vo tala naswona ri nga dyondziwa hi switukulwana leswi taka. Hinkwavo hi nga va na xiave eku ndlandlamuxeni ka Xitsonga eka Internet.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=19933|accessdate=2026-09-30|website=www.statssa.gov.za}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == . [[Category:Thekinoloji]] n99d13duy65ay05okvx9f6s248e0zv3 42888 42886 2026-09-30T08:35:24Z BennyPres 12499 42888 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Derek Moore - A paucity of free and open knowledge.pdf|thumb|xitsonga articles]] '''Vuhlayiseki bya Ririmi ra Xitsonga eka Internet''' '''Internet''' i ndhawu leyi vanhu va yi tirhisaka ku kuma ni ku avelana mahungu. [[Ririmi ra Xitsonga na vutitivisi bya ndhavuko.|Ririmi]] ra Xitsonga ri nga tiyisiwa swinene loko ri tirhisiwa eka tindhawu ta dijithali. Ku va ni tinhlamuselo, swihloko, [[Tidyondzo ta ikhonomi|tidyondzo]] ni mahungu hi Xitsonga eka Internet swi pfuna vanhu ku kota ku kuma vutivi hi ririmi leri va ri twisisaka.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=19933|accessdate=2026-09-30|website=www.statssa.gov.za}}</ref> Vantshwa va nga va na xiave lexikulu eka ku hlayisa Xitsonga eka Internet. Va nga tsala swihloko, ku endla tivhidiyo, ku hundzuluxa mahungu ni ku avelana vutivi hi Xitsonga eka tindhawu to fana na Wikipedia na swiyenge swin’wana swa le ka Internet. Swilo leswi swi nga pfuna leswaku ririmi ri ya ri tirhisiwa eka [[thekinoloji]]. Ku hlayisa Xitsonga eka Internet i ndlela yin’wana yo hlayisa ndhavuko ni vutivi bya Vatsonga. Loko ririmi ri tirhisiwa eka thekinoloji, ri nga fika eka vanhu vo tala naswona ri nga dyondziwa hi switukulwana leswi taka. Hinkwavo hi nga va na xiave eku ndlandlamuxeni ka Xitsonga eka Internet.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=19933|accessdate=2026-09-30|website=www.statssa.gov.za}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke . == [[Category:Thekinoloji]] 1rhdkqbl4rqbbb9gkfaqtndp0w3feph 2 8288 42878 2026-09-30T08:18:37Z SHAMAIN22 12526 ndzi paluxe papila ra mina 42878 wikitext text/x-wiki == MPFULA == [[File:Heavy rain icon iOS.png|thumb|Mpfula]] Mpfula i mati lama welaka ehansi ku suka emapapeni naswona i xiphemu xa nkoka swinene eka ntumbuluko, hikuva yi pfuna ku nyika swimilana mati, ku tisa mati emilambyeni ni le swidziveni, naswona yi endla leswaku misava yi kota ku seketela ku byala ni ku kula ka swakudya.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Babane |first=M.T. |last2=Chauke |first2=M.T. |date=2015-12 |title=The Preservation of Xitsonga Culture through Rainmaking Ritual: An Interpretative Approach |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/0972639x.2015.11886717 |journal=Studies of Tribes and Tribals |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=108–114 |doi=10.1080/0972639x.2015.11886717 |issn=0972-639X}}</ref> Eka ndhavuko wa Vatsonga, mpfula yi na nkoka lowukulu hikuva yi fambelana ni vurimi,<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Andrason |first=Alexander |last2=Visser |first2=Marianna |date=2018-02 |title=Cognate objects of weather verbs in African languages of South Africa – from synchronic variation to a grammaticalization path |url=https://doi.org/10.5774/48-0-287 |journal=Stellenbosch Papers in Linguistics |volume=48 |issue=0 |doi=10.5774/48-0-287 |issn=2223-9936}}</ref> mahanyelo ya vanhu ni mikhuva ya ndhavuko, naswona ku na mintolovelo ya khale leyi fambelanaka ni ku kombela mpfula, leyi kombisaka nkoka wa mati ni mpfula eka vaaki va Xitsonga. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Azimjanovna |first=Nazarova Sayyora |date=2025-06-01 |title=Analysis of The Concepts of Term, Terminology, And Nomenclature in The Field of Irrigation |url=https://doi.org/10.37547/ajps/volume05issue06-17 |journal=American Journal of Philological Sciences |volume=5 |issue=6 |pages=58–60 |doi=10.37547/ajps/volume05issue06-17 |issn=2771-2273}}</ref> Eka ririmi ra Xitsonga, rito mpfula ri tirhisiwa ku vula “rain”, naswona ri tlhela ri humelela eka swivulwa swo hambana leswi hlamuselaka maxelo, ku fana na “mpfula yi na ndhambi”, leswi vulaka leswaku mpfula yi na swinene kumbe yi na hi ntamu.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Johnston |first=Thomas F. |date=1979-01 |title=Tsonga Rain Songs |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/0015587x.1979.9716145 |journal=Folklore |volume=90 |issue=2 |pages=234–240 |doi=10.1080/0015587x.1979.9716145 |issn=0015-587X}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == <references /> hegoasrdq48gb93bsv2x6fsmqsqwduk 0 8289 42880 2026-09-30T08:22:37Z Scotch Neverdie 12518 Created page with " XIKAKAKA Xikakaka xina mirhi wo olova, ya milenge yo leha leyingana minwala yo khevheka yo leha leyinga tsindziyela, leyinga tlheriseriwa endzhaku.Nhloko ya xona i yitsongo na mahlo yale henhla. Xikombiso xa mihloti xa ntima xi suka ekhonweni ya le ndzeni ya tihlo rin’wana ni rin’wana ku ya ehansi enon’wini. Meno ya xikaka i matsongo loko ya pimanisiwa na tikati tin’wana letikulu, leswi amukelaka tindlela ta tona letikulu ta nomu leti endlaka leswaku ku ngh..." 42880 wikitext text/x-wiki XIKAKAKA Xikakaka xina mirhi wo olova, ya milenge yo leha leyingana minwala yo khevheka yo leha leyinga tsindziyela, leyinga tlheriseriwa endzhaku.Nhloko ya xona i yitsongo na mahlo yale henhla. Xikombiso xa mihloti xa ntima xi suka ekhonweni ya le ndzeni ya tihlo rin’wana ni rin’wana ku ya ehansi enon’wini. Meno ya xikaka i matsongo loko ya pimanisiwa na tikati tin’wana letikulu, leswi amukelaka tindlela ta tona letikulu ta nomu leti endlaka leswaku ku nghena moya hiku hatlisa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cheetah|url=https://nationalzoo.si.edu/animals/cheetah|accessdate=2026-09-30|website=Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute|language=en}}</ref> Lavakulu va na voya byo tshwuka kumbe bya tan byo koma, byo khwaxa lebyi nga na swivati ​​swa ntima leswi tiyeke swa xirhendzevutani kumbe swa oval leswi leheke 0.75 kuya eka 1.5 wa ti inches (1.9 kuya eka 3.8 centimeters) hiku anama. Swivati ​​leswi swi funengeta kwalomu ka miri hinkwawo; ntsena nkolo wo basa na khwiri leswi nga funghiwa. Ncila wu hela hi mune kuya eka tsevu wa swirhendzevutani swa ntima na ndhawu yo basa kumbe ya ntima ya tlhuma [[File:Xikakaka.jpg|right]] .Swivati ​​swa swikakaka swinga tirha tani hi xiketse xo kota kuti tumbeta hi nhova eka ku hlota naku tumbela. Swivati ​​swa tona swi nga ha tlherisela endzhaku ndzhuti eka byanyi bya muhlovo wa wasi lowu ti talaka ku tshama eka wona, leswi endlaka leswaku ti hlangana ni ndhawu leyi ti nga eka yona. ku tumbela iswa nkoka kungari ntsena eka ku hlongorisa swiharhi, kambe naku sirhelela swinyenyani swa cheetah eka swiharhi leswi dyaka. Mantle ya grey ya musi ya xinyenyana xa cheetah yinga tirha tani hi camouflage leyi engetelekeke exikarhi ka byanyi lebyi feke. Ku fana swinene ni xikombiso xa tintiho ta munhu, swivati ​​swa xikakaka ni xivumbeko xa rhingi ya ncila wa yona swi hlawulekile, leswi endlaka leswaku valavisisi va le nsin’wini leyi va kota ku vona vanhu ha un’we-un’we.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cheetah|url=https://nationalzoo.si.edu/animals/cheetah|accessdate=2026-09-30|website=Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute|language=en}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == <ref>{{Cite web|title=Cheetah|url=https://nationalzoo.si.edu/animals/cheetah|accessdate=2026-09-30|website=Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute|language=en}}</ref>https://nationalzoo.si.edu/animals/cheetah [[Category:Xikakaka]] 9mvc3qlzdek9ryt236vugz9755oxz98 0 8290 42891 2026-09-30T08:45:21Z BennyPres 12499 ni publish article 42891 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Derek Moore - A paucity of free and open knowledge.pdf|thumb|xitsonga articles]] '''Vuhlayiseki bya Ririmi ra Xitsonga eka Internet''' '''Internet''' i ndhawu leyi vanhu va yi tirhisaka ku kuma ni ku avelana mahungu. [[Ririmi ra Xitsonga na vutitivisi bya ndhavuko.|Ririmi]] ra Xitsonga ri nga tiyisiwa swinene loko ri tirhisiwa eka tindhawu ta dijithali. Ku va ni tinhlamuselo, swihloko, [[Tidyondzo ta ikhonomi|tidyondzo]] ni mahungu hi Xitsonga eka Internet swi pfuna vanhu ku kota ku kuma vutivi hi ririmi leri va ri twisisaka.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=19933|accessdate=2026-09-30|website=www.statssa.gov.za}}</ref> Vantshwa va nga va na xiave lexikulu eka ku hlayisa Xitsonga eka Internet. Va nga tsala swihloko, ku endla tivhidiyo, ku hundzuluxa mahungu ni ku avelana vutivi hi Xitsonga eka tindhawu to fana na Wikipedia na swiyenge swin’wana swa le ka Internet. Swilo leswi swi nga pfuna leswaku ririmi ri ya ri tirhisiwa eka [[thekinoloji]]. Ku hlayisa Xitsonga eka Internet i ndlela yin’wana yo hlayisa ndhavuko ni vutivi bya Vatsonga. Loko ririmi ri tirhisiwa eka thekinoloji, ri nga fika eka vanhu vo tala naswona ri nga dyondziwa hi switukulwana leswi taka. Hinkwavo hi nga va na xiave eku ndlandlamuxeni ka Xitsonga eka Internet.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=19933|accessdate=2026-09-30|website=www.statssa.gov.za}}</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke . == [[Category:Thekinoloji]] 1rhdkqbl4rqbbb9gkfaqtndp0w3feph 0 8291 42892 2026-09-30T08:47:32Z Scotch Neverdie 12518 Created page with "Yingwe i leyintsongo swinene eka tikati letikulu, leyi tivekaka hi xiharhi xa matimba, xo tika, xiharhi xo koma, na ncila wo leha lowu pfunetaka ku ringanisela. Voya bya tona byo olova byi hambana hi mihlovo kusuka eka biraweni wo vonakela kule. Jazi leri ri khavisiwile hi swivati ​​swa ntima leswi endlaka mintlawa yo hlawuleka endzhaku na le matlhelo, kasi swivati ​​leswi tiyeke swi funengeta nhloko, nkolo, na swirho.<ref>https://bigcatrescue.org/conservation-ne..." 42892 wikitext text/x-wiki Yingwe i leyintsongo swinene eka tikati letikulu, leyi tivekaka hi xiharhi xa matimba, xo tika, xiharhi xo koma, na ncila wo leha lowu pfunetaka ku ringanisela. Voya bya tona byo olova byi hambana hi mihlovo kusuka eka biraweni wo vonakela kule. Jazi leri ri khavisiwile hi swivati ​​swa ntima leswi endlaka mintlawa yo hlawuleka endzhaku na le matlhelo, kasi swivati ​​leswi tiyeke swi funengeta nhloko, nkolo, na swirho.<ref>https://bigcatrescue.org/conservation-news/leopard-facts</ref> Ti [melanistic leopards], leti talaka ku tina muhlovo wa ntima lowu fihlaka swivati ​​swa tona, hambi leswi ti [rosettes] ti talaka ku vonaka eka ku voninga ko karhi. Tikati leti ti akeriwe ku hatlisa; tinga tlula 20 wa timitara hiku olova na 10 wa timitara hiku yima, naswona tikota ku fikelela rivilo ra kwalomu ka 40 wa tikhilomitara hi awara. Hi ntolovelo ta xinuna letikulu ti tika exikarhi ka 80 na 150 wa ti phawundi, kasi ta xisati i titsongo, kusuka eka 60 kuya eka 100 wa ti phawundi Tiyingwe i vahloti lava nga voxe, lava lavaka nkarhi lava nga ni swakudya leswi cinca-cincaka hi ndlela leyi hlamarisaka. Ti dya tiphrotheyini hi kwalomu ka xivumbeko xin’wana ni xin’wana, ku sukela eka switsotswana leswitsongo ku ya eka ti- antelope letikulu leti phindhiweke kambirhi hi vukulu bya tona. Hambileswi muxaka lowu wu nga generalist, vanhu hakanyingi va hundzuka vativi, va dzikisa mianakanyo ya vona eka swiharhi swo karhi leswi dyaka leswi kumekaka ensin’wini ya vona.<ref>https://bigcatrescue.org/conservation-news/leopard-facts</ref> [[File:Yingwe.jpg|right]] == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == 1<ref>https://bigcatrescue.org/conservation-news/leopard-facts</ref>https://bigcatrescue.org/conservation-news/leopard-facts [[Category:Yingwe]] 6u8qi45ovm3v3pozn7s1m4bx8gb3dtq 0 8292 42893 2026-09-30T08:47:34Z NastyB innit 12496 Created page with "Chepisi [[File:Bubblegum alley pn4.JPG|thumb|''Chepisi letinga dyiwa'']] Eka chewing gum ya manguva lawa, loko ku tirhisiwa rhaba ya ntumbuluko yofana na chicle, yifanele ku hundza swikambelo swotala swa ku basa na ku basa. Hambiswiritano, tinxaka to tala ta manguva lawa ta chewing gum ti tirhisa switirhisiwa swo endliwa leswi endliweke hi gum na tikhemikhali to fana na chukele na tikhemikhali to endla nantswo. Switirhisiwa leswi swipfumelela nantswo lowu tshamaka nkarh..." 42893 wikitext text/x-wiki Chepisi [[File:Bubblegum alley pn4.JPG|thumb|''Chepisi letinga dyiwa'']] Eka chewing gum ya manguva lawa, loko ku tirhisiwa rhaba ya ntumbuluko yofana na chicle, yifanele ku hundza swikambelo swotala swa ku basa na ku basa. Hambiswiritano, tinxaka to tala ta manguva lawa ta chewing gum ti tirhisa switirhisiwa swo endliwa leswi endliweke hi gum na tikhemikhali to fana na chukele na tikhemikhali to endla nantswo. Switirhisiwa leswi swipfumelela nantswo lowu tshamaka nkarhi woleha, xivumbeko xo olova, xikan’we nakuhunguteka ka tackiness. Polyol na Xylitol i chukele ra ti carbohydrate timbirhi leti tirhisiwaka eka vuhumelerisi bya bubble gum na chewing gum. Tirhaba i xin’wana xa swiengeteri leswinga eka bubble gum na chewing gum; hambiswiritano, swiphemu swa rhaba eka bubble gum swikulu hi vukulu ku tlula eka chewing gum. Tanihi muxaka wa chewing gum leyi vumbiwaka hi ti polysaccharides ta long-chain, bubblegum hi ntolovelo yinga kombisa mahanyelo ya linear na nonlinear viscoelastic Hikokwalaho, ku onhaka loku hambaneke ehansi ka ku hlafuna ku nga khumbeka hi shear rate, shear strain, na shear stress leyi tirhisiwaka hi meno. Hi ku ya hi leswi, swa pfuna ku hlamusela swivumbeko swa rheological swa le ndzeni swa ti-chewing gums eka ku antswisiwa ka nkarhi lowu taka na ku antswisa xivumbeko xa switirhisiwa swa mabindzu na ku hlafuna. Nhundzu ya linear viscoelastic (LVE) yinga kamberiwa eka ti gum cuds leti vumbiweke khale hiku tirhisa isothermal strain deformation leyintsongo (i.e., ehansi ka yield strain) ehansi ka amplitude oscillatory shear leyintsongo (SAOS). [[File:Mat Hoffman's Self Portrait, Bubblegum Alley.jpg|thumb|''Chepisi'']] Laha muxaka wa mbuyelo wa nkoka wu hlamuseriwa tani hi modulus leyi hambukaka kwalomu ka 10% kusuka eka nkoka wa yona wosungula. Ehansi ka yona, ti gum cuds ti kombisa elastic deformation leyi landzelaka mahanyelo ya power-law tani hi gel ya nkoka eka linear regime na plasticity. Leyo sungula yi kombisa leswaku ku vuyelela ka xiphemu, loku hlamuseriwaka tani hi mpimo exikarhi ka ku cinca loku pimiweke endzhaku ka ku onhaka na ku cinca loku vuyeleriweke handle ko engetela ntshikelelo wa shear, eka ti chewing gums ehansi ka ntshikelelo wa shear wo ringanela (~ 1000 Pa) swi le xikarhi ka 25% na 40%. Ku vuyelela loku ka xiphemu xa le henhla swinene (vuswikoti byo vuyisa xivumbeko xa kona xa khale) swi fambisana na ku nyika ku titwa loku enerisaka ka switwi. Kuhambana na sweswo, ti bubble gums ti kombisa ku vuyelela ka xiphemu xale hansi ka 15%. Hikwalaho, ti- bubble gums ti nga tiyisela ntshikilelo lowukulu ti nga si tshoveka ku tlula ti- chewing gums leti tolovelekeke. Ku hambana loku ku vangiwa ngopfu hi dizayini ya yona ya xikongomelo, leswi pfumelelaka ku vumba na ku hlayisa swiphemuphemu leswikulu, leswi tiyeke loko swi pfurha hi ku tirhisa ntshikelelo lowukulu wa ku tsemeta eka ririmi. Mimpimo yohambana hambana ya ti Hencky strain rates yinga endla leswaku kuva na extensional viscosity plateaus loko kungase sagging (macroscopic failure) kumbe necking (strain hardening) endzhaku ka strain rate yale hansi/yale henhla. Hi ntolovelo, ku olova ka strain eka strain rate yale hansi swikombisa ku hahluka ka ti brittle networks endzeni ka ti gums. Kuhambana na sweswo, ku onhaka lokunga ringaniki ka ti polymers xikan’we na crystallization leyi hlohleteriwaka hi strain swihlamusela mahanyelo ya strain hardening eka strain rate yale henhla. Bubble gum yi kombisa swivumbeko swa viscoelastic leswi tivekaka eka ti polymeric elastomers, leswi pfumelelaka ku hundza eka ku cinca lokukulu loku nga hundzukiki ehansi ka ntshikelelo. Tidyondzo ta rheological tikomba leswaku bubble gum yitikhoma tani hi "critical gel" na nonlinear strain hardening hinkarhi wa extensional flow, leswivulaka leswaku ku tiya ka yona ku tlakuka loko yi olovisiwa. Loko ku pimanyisiwa na chewing gum ya ntolovelo, bubble gum yikombisa ku tiya lokukulu eka tensile deformation xikan’we na ntshikelelo wale henhla loko yi tshoveka, leswi endlaka leswaku kuva na ku endliwa ka ti bubbles ta moya leti tiyeke loko tingase pandzeka. Swihlawulekisi leswi swi huma eka xivumbeko xa yona xa long-chain polymer network, lexi nyikaka havumbirhi bya ku olova na ku lwisana na ku khuluka ehansi ka ntshikelelo wa michini. Swihlovo leswi lavekaka [https://thelivinglook.com/kitchen-hacks/what-bubble-gum-is-made-of What Bubble Gum Is Made Of — Ingredients, Additives & Health Considerations - TheLivingLook]<ref>[https://thelivinglook.com/kitchen-hacks/what-bubble-gum-is-made-of What Bubble Gum Is Made Of — Ingredients, Additives & Health Considerations - TheLivingLook]</ref> [https://ohmyfacts.com/food-beverage/20-chewy-facts-about-bubble-gum/ 20 Chewy Facts About Bubble Gum - OhMyFacts] Ntlawa: Swakudya mflzla9qa4jq4eteol796g8o1nbxpna 2 8293 42895 2026-09-30T08:55:45Z BennyPres 12499 Created page with "Vuhlayiseki bya Vutivi bya Vatsonga hi Tithekinoloji Thekinoloji yi nyika vanhu tindlela tintshwa to hlayisa ni ku avelana vutivi. Vutivi bya Vatsonga byi katsa mintsheketo, tinsimu, swiphato, matimu, ndhavuko ni mikhuva. Vutivi byebyo byi nga hlayisiwa hi ku tirhisa tifayela ta dijithali, tivhidiyo, swifaniso ni swiphemu swa marito. Ku hlayisa vutivi hi thekinoloji swi nga pfuna leswaku byi nga lahleki loko switukulwana swi cinca. Vantshwa va nga rhekhoda vakulukumba..." 42895 wikitext text/x-wiki Vuhlayiseki bya Vutivi bya Vatsonga hi Tithekinoloji Thekinoloji yi nyika vanhu tindlela tintshwa to hlayisa ni ku avelana vutivi. Vutivi bya Vatsonga byi katsa mintsheketo, tinsimu, swiphato, matimu, ndhavuko ni mikhuva. Vutivi byebyo byi nga hlayisiwa hi ku tirhisa tifayela ta dijithali, tivhidiyo, swifaniso ni swiphemu swa marito. Ku hlayisa vutivi hi thekinoloji swi nga pfuna leswaku byi nga lahleki loko switukulwana swi cinca. Vantshwa va nga rhekhoda vakulukumba loko va hlamusela matimu, mintsheketo ni mikhuva ya Vatsonga. Vutivi byebyo byi nga tlhela byi tirhisiwa eswikolweni ni le ka tindhawu ta ndzavisiso. I swa nkoka ku tirhisa thekinoloji hi ndlela leyi sirhelelaka ndhavuko ni vuxokoxoko bya vanhu. Loko vutivi bya Vatsonga byi hlayisiwa kahle, switukulwana leswi taka swi ta kota ku byi kuma ni ku dyondza eka byona. Thekinoloji yi nga va xitirhisiwa xa nkoka eku hlayiseni ka ndzhaka ya Vatsonga. == Swihlovo leswi trhisiweke == South African Government. Arts and Culture elevates indigenous languages through National Lexicography Units sm6dmdvbd76y4s5ildruhrjj0suj5ka 42896 42895 2026-09-30T09:02:13Z BennyPres 12499 42896 wikitext text/x-wiki Vuhlayiseki bya Vutivi bya Vatsonga hi Tithekinoloji Thekinoloji yi nyika vanhu tindlela tintshwa to hlayisa ni ku avelana vutivi. Vutivi bya Vatsonga byi katsa mintsheketo, tinsimu, swiphato, matimu, ndhavuko ni mikhuva. Vutivi byebyo byi nga hlayisiwa hi ku tirhisa tifayela ta dijithali, tivhidiyo, swifaniso ni swiphemu swa marito. Ku hlayisa vutivi hi thekinoloji swi nga pfuna leswaku byi nga lahleki loko switukulwana swi cinca. Vantshwa va nga rhekhoda vakulukumba loko va hlamusela matimu, mintsheketo ni mikhuva ya Vatsonga. Vutivi byebyo byi nga tlhela byi tirhisiwa eswikolweni ni le ka tindhawu ta ndzavisiso. I swa nkoka ku tirhisa thekinoloji hi ndlela leyi sirhelelaka ndhavuko ni vuxokoxoko bya vanhu. Loko vutivi bya Vatsonga byi hlayisiwa kahle, switukulwana leswi taka swi ta kota ku byi kuma ni ku dyondza eka byona. Thekinoloji yi nga va xitirhisiwa xa nkoka eku hlayiseni ka ndzhaka ya Vatsonga. == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/arts-and-culture-elevates-indigenous-languages-through-national-lexicography dzusicnd7mss2qwbqgciyjdc5umb7gx 42900 42896 2026-09-30T09:11:09Z BennyPres 12499 42900 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vuhlayiseki bya Vutivi bya Vatsonga hi Tithekinoloji''' '''Thekinoloji''' yi nyika vanhu tindlela tintshwa to hlayisa ni ku avelana vutivi. Vutivi bya Vatsonga byi katsa mintsheketo, tinsimu, swiphato, matimu, ndhavuko ni mikhuva. Vutivi byebyo byi nga hlayisiwa hi ku tirhisa tifayela ta dijithali, tivhidiyo, swifaniso ni swiphemu swa marito. Ku hlayisa vutivi hi thekinoloji swi nga pfuna leswaku byi nga lahleki loko switukulwana swi cinca. Vantshwa va nga rhekhoda vakulukumba loko va hlamusela matimu, mintsheketo ni mikhuva ya Vatsonga. Vutivi byebyo byi nga tlhela byi tirhisiwa eswikolweni ni le ka tindhawu ta ndzavisiso. I swa nkoka ku tirhisa thekinoloji hi ndlela leyi sirhelelaka ndhavuko ni vuxokoxoko bya vanhu. Loko vutivi bya Vatsonga byi hlayisiwa kahle, switukulwana leswi taka swi ta kota ku byi kuma ni ku dyondza eka byona. Thekinoloji yi nga va xitirhisiwa xa nkoka eku hlayiseni ka ndzhaka ya Vatsonga. == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/arts-and-culture-elevates-indigenous-languages-through-national-lexicography fm7nkpm8m5fasg0hhe6rb1hym42tjhl 42903 42900 2026-09-30T09:15:06Z BennyPres 12499 42903 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vuhlayiseki bya Vutivi bya Vatsonga hi Tithekinoloji''' '''Thekinoloji''' yi nyika vanhu tindlela tintshwa to hlayisa ni ku avelana vutivi. Vutivi bya Vatsonga byi katsa mintsheketo, tinsimu, swiphato, [[Matimu ya misava|matimu,]] ndhavuko ni mikhuva. Vutivi byebyo byi nga hlayisiwa hi ku tirhisa tifayela ta dijithali, tivhidiyo, swifaniso ni swiphemu swa marito. Ku hlayisa vutivi hi [[thekinoloji]] swi nga pfuna leswaku byi nga lahleki loko switukulwana swi cinca[[Vatswari|. Vantshwa]] va nga rhekhoda vakulukumba loko va hlamusela matimu, mintsheketo ni mikhuva ya Vatsonga. Vutivi byebyo byi nga tlhela byi tirhisiwa eswikolweni ni le ka tindhawu ta ndzavisiso. I swa nkoka ku tirhisa thekinoloji hi ndlela leyi sirhelelaka ndhavuko ni vuxokoxoko bya vanhu. Loko vutivi bya Vatsonga byi hlayisiwa kahle, switukulwana leswi taka swi ta kota ku byi kuma ni ku dyondza eka byona. Thekinoloji yi nga va xitirhisiwa xa nkoka eku hlayiseni ka ndzhaka ya Vatsonga. == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/arts-and-culture-elevates-indigenous-languages-through-national-lexicography [[Category:Matimu ya Afrika]] 18hlbrlylhe3w3vb9c62i1ftlsxxinh 42904 42903 2026-09-30T09:16:24Z BennyPres 12499 42904 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vuhlayiseki bya Vutivi bya Vatsonga hi Tithekinoloji''' '''Thekinoloji''' yi nyika vanhu tindlela tintshwa to hlayisa ni ku avelana vutivi. Vutivi bya Vatsonga byi katsa mintsheketo, tinsimu, swiphato, [[Matimu ya misava|matimu,]] ndhavuko ni mikhuva. Vutivi byebyo byi nga hlayisiwa hi ku tirhisa tifayela ta dijithali, tivhidiyo, swifaniso ni swiphemu swa marito.<ref>https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/arts-and-culture-elevates-indigenous-languages-through-national-lexicography</ref> Ku hlayisa vutivi hi [[thekinoloji]] swi nga pfuna leswaku byi nga lahleki loko switukulwana swi cinca[[Vatswari|. Vantshwa]] va nga rhekhoda vakulukumba loko va hlamusela matimu, mintsheketo ni mikhuva ya Vatsonga. Vutivi byebyo byi nga tlhela byi tirhisiwa eswikolweni ni le ka tindhawu ta ndzavisiso. I swa nkoka ku tirhisa thekinoloji hi ndlela leyi sirhelelaka ndhavuko ni vuxokoxoko bya vanhu. Loko vutivi bya Vatsonga byi hlayisiwa kahle, switukulwana leswi taka swi ta kota ku byi kuma ni ku dyondza eka byona. Thekinoloji yi nga va xitirhisiwa xa nkoka eku hlayiseni ka ndzhaka ya Vatsonga. == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/arts-and-culture-elevates-indigenous-languages-through-national-lexicography [[Category:Matimu ya Afrika]] jnwz8mzub1jezemaym0r36idrvuusjb 42906 42904 2026-09-30T09:21:00Z BennyPres 12499 42906 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vuhlayiseki bya Vutivi bya Vatsonga hi Tithekinoloji''' '''Thekinoloji''' yi nyika vanhu tindlela tintshwa to hlayisa ni ku avelana vutivi. Vutivi bya Vatsonga byi katsa mintsheketo, tinsimu, swiphato, [[Matimu ya misava|matimu,]] ndhavuko ni mikhuva. Vutivi byebyo byi nga hlayisiwa hi ku tirhisa tifayela ta dijithali, tivhidiyo, swifaniso ni swiphemu swa marito.<ref>https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/arts-and-culture-elevates-indigenous-languages-through-national-lexicography</ref> Ku hlayisa vutivi hi [[thekinoloji]] swi nga pfuna leswaku byi nga lahleki loko switukulwana swi cinca[[Vatswari|. Vantshwa]] va nga rhekhoda vakulukumba loko va hlamusela matimu, mintsheketo ni mikhuva ya Vatsonga. Vutivi byebyo byi nga tlhela byi tirhisiwa eswikolweni ni le ka tindhawu ta ndzavisiso. I swa nkoka ku tirhisa thekinoloji hi ndlela leyi sirhelelaka ndhavuko ni vuxokoxoko bya vanhu. Loko vutivi bya Vatsonga byi hlayisiwa kahle, switukulwana leswi taka swi ta kota ku byi kuma ni ku dyondza eka byona. Thekinoloji yi nga va xitirhisiwa xa nkoka eku hlayiseni ka ndzhaka ya Vatsonga. == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == [[Category:Matimu ya Afrika]] 60xk5jah9xzxusf1hjaahjd9x0pta78 42907 42906 2026-09-30T09:22:53Z BennyPres 12499 42907 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:SOUTH AFRICAN XITSONGA FEMALE ATTIRE, XIBELANI.jpg|thumb|xitsonga in media]] '''Vuhlayiseki bya Vutivi bya Vatsonga hi Tithekinoloji''' '''Thekinoloji''' yi nyika vanhu tindlela tintshwa to hlayisa ni ku avelana vutivi. Vutivi bya Vatsonga byi katsa mintsheketo, tinsimu, swiphato, [[Matimu ya misava|matimu,]] ndhavuko ni mikhuva. Vutivi byebyo byi nga hlayisiwa hi ku tirhisa tifayela ta dijithali, tivhidiyo, swifaniso ni swiphemu swa marito.<ref>https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/arts-and-culture-elevates-indigenous-languages-through-national-lexicography</ref> Ku hlayisa vutivi hi [[thekinoloji]] swi nga pfuna leswaku byi nga lahleki loko switukulwana swi cinca[[Vatswari|. Vantshwa]] va nga rhekhoda vakulukumba loko va hlamusela matimu, mintsheketo ni mikhuva ya Vatsonga. Vutivi byebyo byi nga tlhela byi tirhisiwa eswikolweni ni le ka tindhawu ta ndzavisiso. I swa nkoka ku tirhisa thekinoloji hi ndlela leyi sirhelelaka ndhavuko ni vuxokoxoko bya vanhu. Loko vutivi bya Vatsonga byi hlayisiwa kahle, switukulwana leswi taka swi ta kota ku byi kuma ni ku dyondza eka byona. Thekinoloji yi nga va xitirhisiwa xa nkoka eku hlayiseni ka ndzhaka ya Vatsonga. == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == [[Category:Matimu ya Afrika]] otiycrlomzi3dn33sht4u082iik0276 0 8294 42897 2026-09-30T09:02:42Z Scotch Neverdie 12518 Created page with "Xibodze Swibodze i swivumbiwa swa khale leswinga kona kutlula 230 wa mamiliyoni ya malembe. Leswi swivula leswaku swiharhi leswi swotsakisa kusuka eka ndyangu wa Testudinidae aswi hanya swin’we na ti dayinasoso naswona swile xikarhi ka mintlawa ya khale swinene ya swiharhi leswi hanyaka eMisaveni. Ku hanya ka tona ko leha loku nga tshembisiki na vuswikoti byo hanya eka minkarhi yo hambana ya (geologic) swi endla leswaku tinjiya ti va xiphemu xa nkoka naswona lexi tal..." 42897 wikitext text/x-wiki Xibodze Swibodze i swivumbiwa swa khale leswinga kona kutlula 230 wa mamiliyoni ya malembe. Leswi swivula leswaku swiharhi leswi swotsakisa kusuka eka ndyangu wa Testudinidae aswi hanya swin’we na ti dayinasoso naswona swile xikarhi ka mintlawa ya khale swinene ya swiharhi leswi hanyaka eMisaveni. Ku hanya ka tona ko leha loku nga tshembisiki na vuswikoti byo hanya eka minkarhi yo hambana ya (geologic) swi endla leswaku tinjiya ti va xiphemu xa nkoka naswona lexi talaka ku honisiwa xa matimu ya hundzuluko.<ref>https://www.ifaw.org/animals/tortoises</ref> Loko tinjiya hinkwato ti ri tinjiya, a hi tinjiya hinkwato leti hlayiwaka tanihi tinjiya. Ku hambana loku ku kokiwa hi ku ya hi swihlawulekisi swo hlayanyana swo hlawuleka swa miri leswi va hambanisaka na swirho swin’wana swa ndyangu wa swibodze. Leswi swi nga ha endleka swi kombetela eka milenge ya tona leyi govekeke, ku nga xin’wana xa swihlawulekisi swo hlawuleka leswi ti hambanisaka ni tinxaka tin’wana ta swibodze. Swirho swa tona leswi tiyeke swi endleriwe vutomi bya misava ku tlula ku hlambela, leswi vulaka leswaku tinjiya ti heta vutomi bya tona hinkwabyo ti ri ehansi, ku hambana na tinjiya<ref>https://www.ifaw.org/animals/tortoises</ref> Handle ka milenge ya tona, tinjiya ti tlhela ti va ni swihlawulekisi swin’wana swo hlayanyana leswi endleriweke vutomi bya le misaveni. swibodze swina swirhendzevutani swa xivumbeko xa rhendzevula , leswi hambaneke swinene na ti swikhambha leswinga layiniwa leti talaka ku voniwa eka swibodze leswi tshamaka elwandle kumbe leswi hanyaka hi xiphemu xa mati. Xirhendzevutani xa xibodze xitirha tani hi ndlela yo sirhelela xikan’we na ndlela yo pfuneta eka ku lawula mahiselo ya miri xikan’we naku nyika mati. [[File:Xibodze.jpg]] == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == 1<ref>https://www.ifaw.org/animals/tortoises</ref>https://www.ifaw.org/animals/tortoises 2dfvjgsjj8uixbw5f3qjxv0jt392h3i 0 8295 42899 2026-09-30T09:10:44Z NastyB innit 12496 Created page with "Chepisi Hi 1961, mulavisisi wa P&G Victor Mills a nga swi tsakeli ku cinca tidayipu ta malapi ta ntukulu wakwe loyi a ha ku velekiwaka. U avele valavisisi-kulobye eka P&G’s Exploratory Division eMiami Valley, Ohio ku languta ku endla diaper yo antswa leyi lahliwaka. Ti tumbuluxiwile hi valavisisi va P&G ku katsa na Vic Mills na Norma Lueders Baker. Vito ra "Pampers" ri tumbuluxiwile hi Alfred Goldman, Mulawuri wa Vutshila eka Benton & Bowles. Hi 1971 Pampers yi ngheni..." 42899 wikitext text/x-wiki Chepisi Hi 1961, mulavisisi wa P&G Victor Mills a nga swi tsakeli ku cinca tidayipu ta malapi ta ntukulu wakwe loyi a ha ku velekiwaka. U avele valavisisi-kulobye eka P&G’s Exploratory Division eMiami Valley, Ohio ku languta ku endla diaper yo antswa leyi lahliwaka. Ti tumbuluxiwile hi valavisisi va P&G ku katsa na Vic Mills na Norma Lueders Baker. Vito ra "Pampers" ri tumbuluxiwile hi Alfred Goldman, Mulawuri wa Vutshila eka Benton & Bowles. Hi 1971 Pampers yi nghenise xikombelo xa patent ya tithebhu leti namarhelaka na ku humesa swirhendzevutani eka tidayiper leti lahliwaka. Hi 1982, P&G yi endle ti elasticized single na double gussets ku rhendzela tindzhawu ta milenge na khwiri ku pfuneta eka ku ringanela xikan’we naku khoma urine kumbe manyoro lawa yanga se tswongiwa. Entiyisweni, patent yo sungula yo tirhisa ti double gussets eka diaper yi ve hi 1973 hi P&G. Hi 1982, Pampers yisungule elasticized wingfold diaper leyingana ti elastic leg gathers xikan’we na ti refastenable tapes leswi aswiri xihambano exikarhi ka dizayini yale kusunguleni ka malembe yava 1960s na xivumbeko xa hourglass ya manguva lawa, xivumbeko lexinga sungula kusunguriwa eka Luvs hi 1976 naswona xihundzuke xiyimo xa indasitiri hi 1985. Hi 1986, ku humesiwe ti- diaper to olova leti endliweke hi swilo leswi monyaka leswi endlaka gelling. Leswi swi endle leswaku ntiko wa xikarhi wa diaper leyi tolovelekeke ya sayizi ya le xikarhi wu hunguteka hi 50%. Hi 1987, Pampers na Huggies havambirhi vasungule ti frontal tape systems leti pfumelelaka ku vekiwa nakambe ka lateral tape handle ko handzula diaper. Hiva 1990s Pampers yisungule diaper yo olova leyi tivekaka tani hi Ultra Dry Thins. Ekusunguleni ka malembe yava 1990s yitlhele yivona kusunguriwa ka ti diaper leti kongomisiweke eka rimbewu eka brand ya Pampers; xiendliwa lexi xi tlhelele eka ti diapers ta unisex eku heleni ka khume ra malembe. Hi 1993, Pampers yisungule swiambalo swale ndzeni swa ndzetelo, kambe Pampers Trainers ayi hanya nkarhi woleha. Pampers a nga ha tlhelanga a xavisa swiambalo swa le ndzeni swa ndzetelo ku fikela loko ku sunguriwa Easy Ups. Hi 1996, P&G yi kumile ti wipes ta Baby Fresh kusuka eka Kimberly-Clark; Kimberly-Clark a ha ku xava n’wini wa Baby Fresh Scott Paper Company naswona u lerisiwe ku xavisa bindzu ra swisibi. Hi 1998, Procter & Gamble yi humese diaper ya yona leyikulu swinene hi nkarhi wolowo, Pampers Baby-Dry Size 6. Yi tlakusiwile eka pfhumba ra swinavetiso leri a ri ri na dokodela wa vana na mutivi wa nhluvukiso wa vana Dokodela T. Berry Brazelton, loyi a vuleke leswaku ku tshika n’wana a endla xiboho xa leswaku nkarhi wu faneleka rini wo titoloveta ku pota. Ti diapers ta sayizi ya 6 a ti hakeriwa eka vana lavatsongo lava kulaka. Huggies u tlhele a nghenisa diaper ya sayizi ya 6 hi nkarhi lowu. Hi lembe ra 2013, Pampers yi sungule ku tirhisa xikombiso xa ku tsakama lexi cincaka mihlovo eka ti diaper ta vona. Hi 2018 khamphani yisungule layini ya yona leyintshwa ya ti diaper leyi vitaniwaka Pampers Pure leyi ayi endliwile handle ka chlorine bleaching, nun’hwelo, lotion, parabens, natural rubber latex na 26 wa ti allergens leti tivekaka hi European Union. Swihlovo leswi lavekaka q0ina3rd6zy8sm4quxpztp14mf2mkvs 42901 42899 2026-09-30T09:13:59Z NastyB innit 12496 42901 wikitext text/x-wiki Phamphasi [[File:Phamphasi on the shelves.jpg|thumb|''Tiphamphasi'']] Hi 1961, mulavisisi wa P&G Victor Mills a nga swi tsakeli ku cinca tidayipu ta malapi ta ntukulu wakwe loyi a ha ku velekiwaka. U avele valavisisi-kulobye eka P&G’s Exploratory Division eMiami Valley, Ohio ku languta ku endla diaper yo antswa leyi lahliwaka. Ti tumbuluxiwile hi valavisisi va P&G ku katsa na Vic Mills na Norma Lueders Baker. Vito ra "Phamphasi" ri tumbuluxiwile hi Alfred Goldman, Mulawuri wa Vutshila eka Benton & Bowles. Hi 1971 Phamphasi yi nghenise xikombelo xa patent ya tithebhu leti namarhelaka na ku humesa swirhendzevutani eka tidayiper leti lahliwaka. Hi 1982, P&G yi endle ti elasticized single na double gussets ku rhendzela tindzhawu ta milenge na khwiri ku pfuneta eka ku ringanela xikan’we naku khoma urine kumbe manyoro lawa yanga se tswongiwa. Entiyisweni, patent yo sungula yo tirhisa ti double gussets eka diaper yi ve hi 1973 hi P&G. Hi 1982, Phamphasi yisungule elasticized wingfold diaper leyingana ti elastic leg gathers xikan’we na ti refastenable tapes leswi aswiri xihambano exikarhi ka dizayini yale kusunguleni ka malembe yava 1960s na xivumbeko xa hourglass ya manguva lawa, xivumbeko lexinga sungula kusunguriwa eka Luvs hi 1976 naswona xihundzuke xiyimo xa indasitiri hi 1985. Hi 1986, ku humesiwe ti- diaper to olova leti endliweke hi swilo leswi monyaka leswi endlaka gelling. Leswi swi endle leswaku ntiko wa xikarhi wa diaper leyi tolovelekeke ya sayizi ya le xikarhi wu hunguteka hi 50%. Hi 1987, Phamphasi na Huggies havambirhi vasungule ti frontal tape systems leti pfumelelaka ku vekiwa nakambe ka lateral tape handle ko handzula diaper. Hiva 1990s Phamphasi yisungule diaper yo olova leyi tivekaka tani hi Ultra Dry Thins. Ekusunguleni ka malembe yava 1990s yitlhele yivona kusunguriwa ka ti diaper leti kongomisiweke eka rimbewu eka brand ya Phamphasi; xiendliwa lexi xi tlhelele eka ti diapers ta unisex eku heleni ka khume ra malembe. Hi 1993, Phamphasi yisungule swiambalo swale ndzeni swa ndzetelo, kambe Phamphasi Trainers ayi hanya nkarhi woleha. Phamphasi a nga ha tlhelanga a xavisa swiambalo swa le ndzeni swa ndzetelo ku fikela loko ku sunguriwa Easy Ups. Hi 1996, P&G yi kumile ti wipes ta Baby Fresh kusuka eka Kimberly-Clark; Kimberly-Clark a ha ku xava n’wini wa Baby Fresh Scott Paper Company naswona u lerisiwe ku xavisa bindzu ra swisibi. Hi 1998, Procter & Gamble yi humese diaper ya yona leyikulu swinene hi nkarhi wolowo, Phamphasi Baby-Dry Size 6. Yi tlakusiwile eka pfhumba ra swinavetiso leri a ri ri na dokodela wa vana na mutivi wa nhluvukiso wa vana Dokodela T. Berry Brazelton, loyi a vuleke leswaku ku tshika n’wana a endla xiboho xa leswaku nkarhi wu faneleka rini wo titoloveta ku pota. Ti diapers ta sayizi ya 6 a ti hakeriwa eka vana lavatsongo lava kulaka. Huggies u tlhele a nghenisa diaper ya sayizi ya 6 hi nkarhi lowu. Hi lembe ra 2013, Phamphasi yi sungule ku tirhisa xikombiso xa ku tsakama lexi cincaka mihlovo eka ti diaper ta vona. Hi 2018 khamphani yisungule layini ya yona leyintshwa ya ti diaper leyi vitaniwaka Phamphasi Pure leyi ayi endliwile handle ka chlorine bleaching, nun’hwelo, lotion, parabens, natural rubber latex na 26 wa ti allergens leti tivekaka hi European Union. Swihlovo leswi lavekaka 6hr4glgv3dqw3n7nr6zpak978em7gt3 0 8296 42902 2026-09-30T09:15:04Z Scotch Neverdie 12518 Created page with "Ndlopfu Tindlopfu i swihadyana leswikulu leswi mamisaka swa le misaveni emisaveni naswona ti ni mimiri leyikulu hi ndlela leyi vonakaka, tindleve letikulu ni misisi yo leha. Ti tirhisa swirhabyani swa tona ku teka swilo, ku tsundzuxa timhalamhala, ku xeweta tindlopfu tin’wana, kumbe ku mama mati yo nwa kumbe ku hlamba, exikarhi ka matirhiselo man’wana. Tindlopfu ta xinuna na ta xisati ta Afrika ti mila tinsiva naswona munhu un’wana na un’wana angava na tinsiva t..." 42902 wikitext text/x-wiki Ndlopfu Tindlopfu i swihadyana leswikulu leswi mamisaka swa le misaveni emisaveni naswona ti ni mimiri leyikulu hi ndlela leyi vonakaka, tindleve letikulu ni misisi yo leha. Ti tirhisa swirhabyani swa tona ku teka swilo, ku tsundzuxa timhalamhala, ku xeweta tindlopfu tin’wana, kumbe ku mama mati yo nwa kumbe ku hlamba, exikarhi ka matirhiselo man’wana. Tindlopfu ta xinuna na ta xisati ta Afrika ti mila tinsiva naswona munhu un’wana na un’wana angava na tinsiva ta ximatsi kumbe ta xinene, naswona leyi tiyi tirhisaka ngopfu hi ntolovelo yitsongo hikokwalaho ka ku onhaka. Tinsiva ta tindlopfu ti tirhela swikongomelo swo tala. Meno lawa ya andlariweke yanga tirhisiwa ku sirhelela nsinya wa ndlopfu, ku tlakusa naku fambisa swilo, ku hlengeleta swakudya na ku hluvula madzovo eka mirhi. Ti nga ha tlhela ti tirhisiwa ku tisirhelela. Hi nkarhi wa dyandza, tindlopfu ti tirhisa hambi ku ri tinsiva ta tona ku cela mimbhovo leswaku ti kuma mati ehansi ka misava.<ref>https://www.worldwildlife.org/species/elephant/</ref> [[File:Medium WW1334729.bbb04fc8.fill-1440x560.format-webp.webp|center]] Tinxaka timbirhi leti hambaneke hi ti gene ta Afrika ti kona: ndlopfu ya savhana na ndlopfu ya le khwatini, na swihlawulekisi swo hlaya leswi ti hambanisaka havumbirhi bya tona. Ndlopfu ya savanna ya Afrika i muxaka lowukulu wa ndlopfu, kasi ndlopfu ya le makhwatini ya le Asia na ndlopfu ya le makhwatini ya Afrika i ya vukulu lebyi ringanisiwaka, lebyintsongo.<ref>https://www.worldwildlife.org/species/elephant/</ref> Tindlopfu ta le Asia ti hambana hi tindlela to hlaya na maxaka ya tona ya le Afrika, laha ku nga na ku hambana ka miri wo tlula khume loku hambaneke exikarhi ka tona. Hi xikombiso, tindleve ta tindlopfu ta le Asia i titsongo loko ti pimanisiwa ni tindleve letikulu leti nga ni xivumbeko xa fan ta muxaka wa tindlopfu ta le Afrika. I tindlopfu tin’wana ta xinuna ntsena ta le Asia leti nga ni tinsiva, kasi tindlopfu ta xinuna ni ta xisati ta le Afrika ti mila timhondzo. == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == <ref>https://www.worldwildlife.org/species/elephant/</ref>https://www.worldwildlife.org/species/elephant/ [[Category:Ndlopfu]] 3g0colc8ean0x9d3z00urrhckikgcbr 0 8297 42908 2026-09-30T09:30:49Z Scotch Neverdie 12518 Created page with "Tuva Tuva ro saseka, ra ncila wo olova, wa nhloko leyintsongo leri tolovelekeke eka tikonkulu hinkwaro. Matuva yo Rila ya tshama eka tintambhu ta riqingho naswona ya lava swakudya swa mbewu ehansi; ku haha ​​ka vona ku hatlisa naswona ku kongomile hi xibamu. Swirilo swa vona swo olova, leswi kokaka ri twala ku fana ni swirilo. Loko ti hluvula, timpapa ta tona ti endla mpfumawulo lowu tlhavaka kumbe ku rhurhumela. (Mourning Doves) i muxaka lowu talaka ku hlotiwa eAm..." 42908 wikitext text/x-wiki Tuva Tuva ro saseka, ra ncila wo olova, wa nhloko leyintsongo leri tolovelekeke eka tikonkulu hinkwaro. Matuva yo Rila ya tshama eka tintambhu ta riqingho naswona ya lava swakudya swa mbewu ehansi; ku haha ​​ka vona ku hatlisa naswona ku kongomile hi xibamu. Swirilo swa vona swo olova, leswi kokaka ri twala ku fana ni swirilo. Loko ti hluvula, timpapa ta tona ti endla mpfumawulo lowu tlhavaka kumbe ku rhurhumela. (Mourning Doves) i muxaka lowu talaka ku hlotiwa eAmerika N’walungu.<ref>https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Mourning_Dove/overview</ref> Hi nguva ya ku tswala, u nga ha vona Matuva manharhu yo Rila ma haha ​​hi xivumbeko xo tiya, hi ku landzelelana. Lexi i xivumbeko xa nkombiso wa ntshamisano. Hi ntolovelo xinyenyana lexi nga eka lead i xa xinuna xa mpatswa lowu hlanganisiweke. Xinyenyana xa vumbirhi i xa xinuna lexi nga hlanganisiwangiki lexi hlongorisaka muphikizani wa xona endhawini leyi xi tshembaka ku endla xisaka eka xona. Ya vunharhu i ya xisati ya mpatswa lowu hlanganisiweke, leyi vonakaka yi famba na yona eka ku khandziya.<ref>https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Mourning_Dove/overview</ref> Matuva(Mourning Doves) yatala ku dya hiku khomeka ehansi, ya mita mbewu naku yi hlayisa eka ku kurisiwa ka khwirhi leyi vitaniwaka xibyariwa. Loko se ti tatile (rhekhodo i 17,200 wa mbewu ya bluegrass eka xibyariwa xin’we!), tinga haha ​​kuya eka perch leyi hlayisekeke kuya gayela swakudya<ref>https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Mourning_Dove/overview</ref> [[File:60386921-1280px.jpg|center|446x446px]] == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == <ref>https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Mourning_Dove/overview</ref>https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Mourning_Dove/overview https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Mourning_Dove/overview https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Mourning_Dove/overview<ref>https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Mourning_Dove/overview</ref> [[Category:Tuva]] crebynhjmsmg0xu7s62ebxr5tqra94l 0 8298 42909 2026-09-30T09:31:06Z BennyPres 12499 Created page with "[[File:SOUTH AFRICAN XITSONGA FEMALE ATTIRE, XIBELANI.jpg|thumb|xitsonga in media]] '''Vuhlayiseki bya Vutivi bya Vatsonga hi Tithekinoloji''' '''Thekinoloji''' yi nyika vanhu tindlela tintshwa to hlayisa ni ku avelana vutivi. Vutivi bya Vatsonga byi katsa mintsheketo, tinsimu, swiphato, [[Matimu ya misava|matimu,]] ndhavuko ni mikhuva. Vutivi byebyo byi nga hlayisiwa hi ku tirhisa tifayela ta dijithali, tivhidiyo, swifaniso ni swiphemu swa marito.<ref>https://www.gov.z..." 42909 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:SOUTH AFRICAN XITSONGA FEMALE ATTIRE, XIBELANI.jpg|thumb|xitsonga in media]] '''Vuhlayiseki bya Vutivi bya Vatsonga hi Tithekinoloji''' '''Thekinoloji''' yi nyika vanhu tindlela tintshwa to hlayisa ni ku avelana vutivi. Vutivi bya Vatsonga byi katsa mintsheketo, tinsimu, swiphato, [[Matimu ya misava|matimu,]] ndhavuko ni mikhuva. Vutivi byebyo byi nga hlayisiwa hi ku tirhisa tifayela ta dijithali, tivhidiyo, swifaniso ni swiphemu swa marito.<ref>https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/arts-and-culture-elevates-indigenous-languages-through-national-lexicography</ref> Ku hlayisa vutivi hi [[thekinoloji]] swi nga pfuna leswaku byi nga lahleki loko switukulwana swi cinca[[Vatswari|. Vantshwa]] va nga rhekhoda vakulukumba loko va hlamusela matimu, mintsheketo ni mikhuva ya Vatsonga. Vutivi byebyo byi nga tlhela byi tirhisiwa eswikolweni ni le ka tindhawu ta ndzavisiso. I swa nkoka ku tirhisa thekinoloji hi ndlela leyi sirhelelaka ndhavuko ni vuxokoxoko bya vanhu. Loko vutivi bya Vatsonga byi hlayisiwa kahle, switukulwana leswi taka swi ta kota ku byi kuma ni ku dyondza eka byona. Thekinoloji yi nga va xitirhisiwa xa nkoka eku hlayiseni ka ndzhaka ya Vatsonga. == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == [[Category:Matimu ya Afrika]] otiycrlomzi3dn33sht4u082iik0276 2 8299 42911 2026-09-30T09:36:57Z BennyPres 12499 Created page with "'''Ku Tirhisiwa ka AI eka Ririmi ra Xitsonga''' '''AI,''' kumbe vutlhari bya muchini, i thekinoloji leyi tirhisiwaka eka swilo swo hambana swo fana na ku hlamula swivutiso, ku lulamisa matsalwa ni ku hundzuluxa tindzimi. Eka Xitsonga, AI yi nga pfuna vanhu ku kuma vutivi, ku dyondza ririmi ni ku antswisa matsalwa. Yi nga tlhela yi pfuna vadyondzi ni vatirhi va ririmi eka mintirho ya vona. Ku tirhisa AI eka Xitsonga swi lava leswaku ku va ni rungula ro tala ra Xitsonga..." 42911 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ku Tirhisiwa ka AI eka Ririmi ra Xitsonga''' '''AI,''' kumbe vutlhari bya muchini, i thekinoloji leyi tirhisiwaka eka swilo swo hambana swo fana na ku hlamula swivutiso, ku lulamisa matsalwa ni ku hundzuluxa tindzimi. Eka Xitsonga, AI yi nga pfuna vanhu ku kuma vutivi, ku dyondza ririmi ni ku antswisa matsalwa. Yi nga tlhela yi pfuna vadyondzi ni vatirhi va ririmi eka mintirho ya vona. Ku tirhisa AI eka Xitsonga swi lava leswaku ku va ni rungula ro tala ra Xitsonga leri tirhisiwaka eka thekinoloji. Matsalwa, tibuku, tidikixinari, switwari swa marito ni swin’wana swi nga pfuna ku ndlandlamuxa ririmi eka tindlela ta dijithali. Vatsari, vadyondzisi, vahundzuluxeri ni valavisisi va nga hoxa xandla eku tumbuluxeni ka swilo leswi. AI yi nga va xitirhisiwa xa nkoka eka ku hluvukisa Xitsonga, kambe vanhu va fanele ku kambisisa vuxokoxoko bya yona. Minkarhi yin’wana thekinoloji yi nga endla swihoxo eka marito, tinhlamuselo kumbe mivulavulo. Havanhu lava tivaka Xitsonga va fanele ku hoxa xandla eku lulamiseni ni ku antswiseni ka AI leswaku yi kota ku tirha kahle hi ririmi ra Xitsonga. == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == South African Government. Arts and Culture elevates indigenous languages through National Lexicography Units. This source documents Human Language Technology tools intended to support translation and indigenous-language development. Wikipedia. Tsonga language. The article provides background on Xitsonga and identifies existing language-technology/localisation resources. 89zeudw5spa7qi56sh7mwyslscsky0w 42912 42911 2026-09-30T09:38:33Z BennyPres 12499 42912 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ku Tirhisiwa ka AI eka Ririmi ra Xitsonga''' '''AI,''' kumbe vutlhari bya muchini, i thekinoloji leyi tirhisiwaka eka swilo swo hambana swo fana na ku hlamula swivutiso, ku lulamisa matsalwa ni ku hundzuluxa tindzimi. Eka Xitsonga, AI yi nga pfuna vanhu ku kuma vutivi, ku dyondza ririmi ni ku antswisa [[Matsalwa|matsalwa.]] Yi nga tlhela yi pfuna vadyondzi ni vatirhi va ririmi eka mintirho ya vona. Ku tirhisa AI eka Xitsonga swi lava leswaku ku va ni rungula ro tala ra Xitsonga leri tirhisiwaka eka thekinoloji. Matsalwa, tibuku, tidikixinari, switwari swa marito ni swin’wana swi nga pfuna ku ndlandlamuxa ririmi eka tindlela ta dijithali. Vatsari, vadyondzisi, [[Vuhundzuluxeri|vahundzuluxeri]] ni valavisisi va nga hoxa xandla eku tumbuluxeni ka swilo leswi. AI yi nga va xitirhisiwa xa nkoka eka ku hluvukisa Xitsonga, kambe vanhu va fanele ku kambisisa vuxokoxoko bya yona. Minkarhi yin’wana thekinoloji yi nga endla swihoxo eka marito, tinhlamuselo kumbe mivulavulo. Havanhu lava tivaka [[Xitsonga Machangana|Xitsonga]] va fanele ku hoxa xandla eku lulamiseni ni ku antswiseni ka AI leswaku yi kota ku tirha kahle hi ririmi ra Xitsonga. == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == South African Government. Arts and Culture elevates indigenous languages through National Lexicography Units. This source documents Human Language Technology tools intended to support translation and indigenous-language development. Wikipedia. Tsonga language. The article provides background on Xitsonga and identifies existing language-technology/localisation resources. fkpk5w799wdotg7u4lw8mxbsaefrsgm 42914 42912 2026-09-30T09:44:26Z BennyPres 12499 42914 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ku Tirhisiwa ka AI eka Ririmi ra Xitsonga''' '''AI,''' kumbe vutlhari bya muchini, i thekinoloji leyi tirhisiwaka eka swilo swo hambana swo fana na ku hlamula swivutiso, ku lulamisa matsalwa ni ku hundzuluxa tindzimi. Eka Xitsonga, AI yi nga pfuna vanhu ku kuma vutivi, ku dyondza ririmi ni ku antswisa [[Matsalwa|matsalwa.]] Yi nga tlhela yi pfuna vadyondzi ni vatirhi va ririmi eka mintirho ya vona. Ku tirhisa AI eka Xitsonga swi lava leswaku ku va ni rungula ro tala ra Xitsonga leri tirhisiwaka eka thekinoloji. Matsalwa, tibuku, tidikixinari, switwari swa marito ni swin’wana swi nga pfuna ku ndlandlamuxa ririmi eka tindlela ta dijithali. Vatsari, vadyondzisi, [[Vuhundzuluxeri|vahundzuluxeri]] ni valavisisi va nga hoxa xandla eku tumbuluxeni ka swilo leswi. AI yi nga va xitirhisiwa xa nkoka eka ku hluvukisa Xitsonga, kambe vanhu va fanele ku kambisisa vuxokoxoko bya yona. Minkarhi yin’wana thekinoloji yi nga endla swihoxo eka marito, tinhlamuselo kumbe mivulavulo. Havanhu lava tivaka [[Xitsonga Machangana|Xitsonga]] va fanele ku hoxa xandla eku lulamiseni ni ku antswiseni ka AI leswaku yi kota ku tirha kahle hi ririmi ra Xitsonga. == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/arts-and-culture-elevates-indigenous-languages-through-national-lexicography https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/arts-and-culture-elevates-indigenous-languages-through-national-lexicography South African Government. Arts and Culture elevates indigenous languages through National Lexicography Units. This source documents Human Language Technology tools intended to support translation and indigenous-language development. Wikipedia. Tsonga language. The article provides background on Xitsonga and identifies existing language-technology/localisation resources. [[Category:Matsalwa yankoka]] tq6jdadyye72dvmhtqeg8zaub3k2aty 42915 42914 2026-09-30T09:45:16Z BennyPres 12499 42915 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ku Tirhisiwa ka AI eka Ririmi ra Xitsonga''' '''AI,''' kumbe vutlhari bya muchini, i thekinoloji leyi tirhisiwaka eka swilo swo hambana swo fana na ku hlamula swivutiso, ku lulamisa matsalwa ni ku hundzuluxa tindzimi. Eka Xitsonga, AI yi nga pfuna vanhu ku kuma vutivi, ku dyondza ririmi ni ku antswisa [[Matsalwa|matsalwa.]] Yi nga tlhela yi pfuna vadyondzi ni vatirhi va ririmi eka mintirho ya vona. Ku tirhisa AI eka Xitsonga swi lava leswaku ku va ni rungula ro tala ra Xitsonga leri tirhisiwaka eka thekinoloji. Matsalwa, tibuku, tidikixinari, switwari swa marito ni swin’wana swi nga pfuna ku ndlandlamuxa ririmi eka tindlela ta dijithali. Vatsari, vadyondzisi, [[Vuhundzuluxeri|vahundzuluxeri]] ni valavisisi va nga hoxa xandla eku tumbuluxeni ka swilo leswi. AI yi nga va xitirhisiwa xa nkoka eka ku hluvukisa Xitsonga, kambe vanhu va fanele ku kambisisa vuxokoxoko bya yona. Minkarhi yin’wana thekinoloji yi nga endla swihoxo eka marito, tinhlamuselo kumbe mivulavulo. Havanhu lava tivaka [[Xitsonga Machangana|Xitsonga]] va fanele ku hoxa xandla eku lulamiseni ni ku antswiseni ka AI leswaku yi kota ku tirha kahle hi ririmi ra Xitsonga. == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/arts-and-culture-elevates-indigenous-languages-through-national-lexicography https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/arts-and-culture-elevates-indigenous-languages-through-national-lexicography [[Category:Matsalwa yankoka]] hbcei3spo37slrqhpc598l7jkrg6x77 42917 42915 2026-09-30T09:47:04Z BennyPres 12499 42917 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:OJ L 117 of 2015 - RO Romanian.pdf|thumb|AI in Xitsonga]] '''Ku Tirhisiwa ka AI eka Ririmi ra Xitsonga''' '''AI,''' kumbe vutlhari bya muchini, i thekinoloji leyi tirhisiwaka eka swilo swo hambana swo fana na ku hlamula swivutiso, ku lulamisa matsalwa ni ku hundzuluxa tindzimi. Eka Xitsonga, AI yi nga pfuna vanhu ku kuma vutivi, ku dyondza ririmi ni ku antswisa [[Matsalwa|matsalwa.]] Yi nga tlhela yi pfuna vadyondzi ni vatirhi va ririmi eka mintirho ya vona. Ku tirhisa AI eka Xitsonga swi lava leswaku ku va ni rungula ro tala ra Xitsonga leri tirhisiwaka eka thekinoloji. Matsalwa, tibuku, tidikixinari, switwari swa marito ni swin’wana swi nga pfuna ku ndlandlamuxa ririmi eka tindlela ta dijithali. Vatsari, vadyondzisi, [[Vuhundzuluxeri|vahundzuluxeri]] ni valavisisi va nga hoxa xandla eku tumbuluxeni ka swilo leswi. AI yi nga va xitirhisiwa xa nkoka eka ku hluvukisa Xitsonga, kambe vanhu va fanele ku kambisisa vuxokoxoko bya yona. Minkarhi yin’wana thekinoloji yi nga endla swihoxo eka marito, tinhlamuselo kumbe mivulavulo. Havanhu lava tivaka [[Xitsonga Machangana|Xitsonga]] va fanele ku hoxa xandla eku lulamiseni ni ku antswiseni ka AI leswaku yi kota ku tirha kahle hi ririmi ra Xitsonga. == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/arts-and-culture-elevates-indigenous-languages-through-national-lexicography https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/arts-and-culture-elevates-indigenous-languages-through-national-lexicography [[Category:Matsalwa yankoka]] bpqq70manb4utqu3fxaoasn8xxjtudm 0 8300 42913 2026-09-30T09:42:21Z Scotch Neverdie 12518 Created page with "Ndhambi Ndhambi yi humelela loko mati ma khuluka kumbe ma tsakamisa misava leyi hi ntolovelo yi omeke. Kuna tindzhawu titsongo emisaveni laha vanhu vanga laviki ku vilela hi ndhambi. Hi ntolovelo, ndhambi yi teka tiawara kumbe hambi ku ri masiku leswaku yi va kona, leswi nyikaka vaaki nkarhi wo lunghiselela kumbe ku rhurha. Minkarhi yin'wana, ndhambi yi humelela hi ku hatlisa naswona yi nga ri na xilemukiso lexitsongo.<ref>https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resour..." 42913 wikitext text/x-wiki Ndhambi Ndhambi yi humelela loko mati ma khuluka kumbe ma tsakamisa misava leyi hi ntolovelo yi omeke. Kuna tindzhawu titsongo emisaveni laha vanhu vanga laviki ku vilela hi ndhambi. Hi ntolovelo, ndhambi yi teka tiawara kumbe hambi ku ri masiku leswaku yi va kona, leswi nyikaka vaaki nkarhi wo lunghiselela kumbe ku rhurha. Minkarhi yin'wana, ndhambi yi humelela hi ku hatlisa naswona yi nga ri na xilemukiso lexitsongo.<ref>https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/flood/</ref> Ndhambi yi nga humelela hi tindlela to tala. Lexi tolovelekeke ngopfu i loko milambu kumbe swinambyana swi khuluka ematlhelo ka swona. Tindhambhi leti ti vuriwa tindhambhi ta le milambu. Mpfula ya matimba, damu kumbe levee leyi tshovekeke, ayisi leyi n’okaka hi xihatla etintshaveni, kumbe hambi ku ri damu ra beaver endhawini leyi nga sirhelelekangiki swi nga hlula nambu ivi wu wu rhumela wu hangalaka emisaveni ya le kusuhi. Tiko leri rhendzeleke nambu ri vuriwa ndhawu leyi nga ni ndhambi.Ndhambi ya le ribuweni, leyi nakambe yi vuriwaka ndhambi ya estuarine, yi humelela loko xidzedze lexikulu kumbe tsunami swi endla leswaku lwandle ri tsutsumela endzeni ka tiko.<ref>https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/flood/</ref> Ndhambi i khombo ra ntumbuluko ra vumbirhi leri hangalakeke swinene eMisaveni, endzhaku ka ndzilo wa nhova. Swifundzha hinkwaswo swa 50 swa United States swi le khombyeni ra ndhambi.Loko mati ya ndhambi ma hunguteka, tindhawu leti khumbekaka ti tala ku funengetiwa hi ndzhope na ndzhope. Sediment leyi yinga tala hi swakudya, leswi vuyerisaka van’wamapurasi na mabindzu ya swavurimi eka ndzhawu liya. Tindhawu leti dumeke leti noneke leti nga ni ndhambi to tanihi nkova wa Nambu wa Mississippi eAmerika Midwest, nkova wa Nambu wa Nile eEgipta ni Fertile Crescent eMiddle East ti seketele vurimi ku ringana magidi ya malembe. Ndhambi ya lembe na lembe yi siye timiliyoni ta tithani ta misava leyi fuweke hi swakudya.<ref>https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/flood/</ref> [[File:Flooding-in-bangladesh.jpg]] == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == <ref>https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/flood/</ref>https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/flood/ [[Category:Ndhambhi]] f2zbjiegn4fhv2lk00y5rytxols9ie5 0 8301 42919 2026-09-30T09:54:17Z BennyPres 12499 AI eka xitsonga 42919 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:OJ_L_117_of_2015_-_RO_Romanian.pdf|thumb|AI in Xitsonga]] '''Ku Tirhisiwa ka AI eka Ririmi ra Xitsonga''' '''AI,''' kumbe vutlhari bya muchini, i thekinoloji leyi tirhisiwaka eka swilo swo hambana swo fana na ku hlamula swivutiso, ku lulamisa matsalwa ni ku hundzuluxa tindzimi. Eka Xitsonga, AI yi nga pfuna vanhu ku kuma vutivi, ku dyondza ririmi ni ku antswisa [[Matsalwa|matsalwa.]] Yi nga tlhela yi pfuna vadyondzi ni vatirhi va ririmi eka mintirho ya vona. Ku tirhisa AI eka Xitsonga swi lava leswaku ku va ni rungula ro tala ra Xitsonga leri tirhisiwaka eka thekinoloji. Matsalwa, tibuku, tidikixinari, switwari swa marito ni swin’wana swi nga pfuna ku ndlandlamuxa ririmi eka tindlela ta dijithali. Vatsari, vadyondzisi, [[Vuhundzuluxeri|vahundzuluxeri]] ni valavisisi va nga hoxa xandla eku tumbuluxeni ka swilo leswi. AI yi nga va xitirhisiwa xa nkoka eka ku hluvukisa Xitsonga, kambe vanhu va fanele ku kambisisa vuxokoxoko bya yona. Minkarhi yin’wana thekinoloji yi nga endla swihoxo eka marito, tinhlamuselo kumbe mivulavulo. Havanhu lava tivaka [[Xitsonga Machangana|Xitsonga]] va fanele ku hoxa xandla eku lulamiseni ni ku antswiseni ka AI leswaku yi kota ku tirha kahle hi ririmi ra Xitsonga. == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/arts-and-culture-elevates-indigenous-languages-through-national-lexicography https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/arts-and-culture-elevates-indigenous-languages-through-national-lexicography 9u3w1soyl1mw8ar8z6icjtvqrksqwsx 42920 42919 2026-09-30T09:57:37Z BennyPres 12499 AI VUTLHARI 42920 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:OJ_L_117_of_2015_-_RO_Romanian.pdf|thumb|AI in Xitsonga]] '''Ku Tirhisiwa ka AI eka Ririmi ra Xitsonga''' '''AI,''' kumbe vutlhari bya muchini, i thekinoloji leyi tirhisiwaka eka swilo swo hambana swo fana na ku hlamula swivutiso, ku lulamisa matsalwa ni ku hundzuluxa tindzimi. Eka Xitsonga, AI yi nga pfuna vanhu ku kuma vutivi, ku dyondza ririmi ni ku antswisa [[Matsalwa|matsalwa.]] Yi nga tlhela yi pfuna vadyondzi ni vatirhi va ririmi eka mintirho ya vona. Ku tirhisa AI eka Xitsonga swi lava leswaku ku va ni rungula ro tala ra Xitsonga leri tirhisiwaka eka thekinoloji. Matsalwa, tibuku, tidikixinari, switwari swa marito ni swin’wana swi nga pfuna ku ndlandlamuxa ririmi eka tindlela ta dijithali. Vatsari, vadyondzisi, [[Vuhundzuluxeri|vahundzuluxeri]] ni valavisisi va nga hoxa xandla eku tumbuluxeni ka swilo leswi. AI yi nga va xitirhisiwa xa nkoka eka ku hluvukisa Xitsonga, kambe vanhu va fanele ku kambisisa vuxokoxoko bya yona. Minkarhi yin’wana thekinoloji yi nga endla swihoxo eka marito, tinhlamuselo kumbe mivulavulo. Havanhu lava tivaka [[Xitsonga Machangana|Xitsonga]] va fanele ku hoxa xandla eku lulamiseni ni ku antswiseni ka AI leswaku yi kota ku tirha kahle hi ririmi ra Xitsonga. == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/arts-and-culture-elevates-indigenous-languages-through-national-lexicography https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/arts-and-culture-elevates-indigenous-languages-through-national-lexicography [[Category:Ntivo-misava]] kiap473yzqb2rbfbt2vrqg9hd48f2nm 0 8302 42921 2026-09-30T09:57:58Z Scotch Neverdie 12518 Created page with "Xibejwana Hi miri wo tika, milenge yo tiya kufana na swirhabyani swa mirhi, na nhloko leyikulu leyi rhetaka kuya eka khuna leri ba ra rimhondzo, swibejwana swikombisa matimba ya tihanyi. Hambi swi ri tano nkarhi wo tala, ti pfula hi ku rhula eka swimilana.<ref>https://animals.sandiegozoo.org/animals/rhinoceros</ref> Ndyangu wa swibejwana i wa khale—vakokwa wa yona va fambe eMisaveni eka malembe ya 55 wa timiliyoni lama hundzeke. Un’wana wa vakokwa lava, ku nga (par..." 42921 wikitext text/x-wiki Xibejwana Hi miri wo tika, milenge yo tiya kufana na swirhabyani swa mirhi, na nhloko leyikulu leyi rhetaka kuya eka khuna leri ba ra rimhondzo, swibejwana swikombisa matimba ya tihanyi. Hambi swi ri tano nkarhi wo tala, ti pfula hi ku rhula eka swimilana.<ref>https://animals.sandiegozoo.org/animals/rhinoceros</ref> Ndyangu wa swibejwana i wa khale—vakokwa wa yona va fambe eMisaveni eka malembe ya 55 wa timiliyoni lama hundzeke. Un’wana wa vakokwa lava, ku nga (paraceratherium), a yi lehe timitara ta 7,6 naswona a yi lehe timitara ta 5,5 emakatleni, ku nga xiharhi lexikulu lexi mamisaka xa le misaveni lexi tshameke xi tiviwa. Eka malembe hinkwawo, kwalomu ka 100 wa tinxaka ta swibejwana leswi tivekaka ti ve kona. Namuntlha, i tinxaka ta ntlhanu ntsena leti yaka emahlweni ni layini leyi: timbirhi ti huma eAfrika kasi tinharhu ti huma eAsia.Leswi tingwenya hinkwato ti fanaka ha swona i rimhondzo rin’we kumbe mambirhi, xifuva xo anama, nhlonge yo tiya, mahlo lama nga voniki kahle, a ma twi kahle ni mukhuva wo rhendzeleka endzhopeni. Nhlonge ya tona yo tiya yitirha kufana na (protective plating) kambe yiva na vuxiyaxiya, tani hileswi misiha ya ngati yinga ekusuhi na vuandlalo bya nhlonge, naswona yingava na swivati ​​hiku olova. Ti rhino ti tipeta eka ndzhope kutani ti rhendzeleka hi ntshuri tani hi nsirhelelo eka ku hisiwa hi dyambu na ku lumiwa hi switsotswana. <ref>https://animals.sandiegozoo.org/animals/rhinoceros</ref> Hikuva swibejwana swi vona ekusuhi swinene, ti tala ku chaja loko ti hlamarile. Endlelo leri ro tisirhelela ri va nyike ndhuma leyi nga fanelangiki ya ku va ni vukarhi byo biha. Tindleve ta tona ti nga famba-famba ti nga tiyimeleli, naswona yin’wana yi nga ha kokiwa emahlweni kasi leyin’wana yi kongomisiwe endzhaku, kutani havumbirhi bya tona ti nga ha pfurha hi ku kongoma loko ku voniwa mpfumawulo lowu tsakisaka lowu lavaka ku dzikisa mianakanyo hinkwayo.<ref>https://animals.sandiegozoo.org/animals/rhinoceros</ref> [[File:Animals hero black rhino 0.jpg|center]] == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == <ref>https://animals.sandiegozoo.org/animals/rhinoceros</ref>https://animals.sandiegozoo.org/animals/rhinoceros [[Category:Xibejwana]] 84zrmv0utrclwe4z6aq1hvoimssx3i2 2 8303 42923 2026-09-30T10:02:31Z BennyPres 12499 Created page with "'''Vuhundzuluxeri bya Tithekinoloji eka Xitsonga''' '''Vuhundzuluxeri''' bya thekinoloji byi pfuna vanhu ku tirhisa switirhisiwa swa dijithali hi ririmi leri va ri twisisaka. Tifoni, tikhompyuta, tiwebusayiti na switirhisiwa swin’wana swi tala ku tirhisa tindzimi leti tirhisiwaka ngopfu. Ku hundzuluxela switirhisiwa leswi eka Xitsonga swi nga endla leswaku vanhu lava tsakelaka Xitsonga va kota ku swi tirhisa hi ku olova. Vahundzuluxeri va na xiave xa nkoka eka ku hun..." 42923 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vuhundzuluxeri bya Tithekinoloji eka Xitsonga''' '''Vuhundzuluxeri''' bya thekinoloji byi pfuna vanhu ku tirhisa switirhisiwa swa dijithali hi ririmi leri va ri twisisaka. Tifoni, tikhompyuta, tiwebusayiti na switirhisiwa swin’wana swi tala ku tirhisa tindzimi leti tirhisiwaka ngopfu. Ku hundzuluxela switirhisiwa leswi eka Xitsonga swi nga endla leswaku vanhu lava tsakelaka Xitsonga va kota ku swi tirhisa hi ku olova. Vahundzuluxeri va na xiave xa nkoka eka ku hundzuluxa marito ya [[Thekinoloji|thekinoloji.]] Va fanele ku twisisa ririmi ra Xitsonga swin’we ni marito ya thekinoloji leswaku va kota ku tirhisa marito lama faneleke. [[Ntirho]] lowu wu lava ndzavisiso, ku lulamisa matsalwa ni ku kambela leswaku nhlamuselo ya rito a yi cinci. Ku ndlandlamuxa vuhundzuluxeri bya thekinoloji eka Xitsonga swi nga pfuna ku tlakusa ririmi eka misava ya dijithali. Swi nga tlhela swi pfuna vadyondzi, vatirhi ni vaaki ku kuma mahungu hi ririmi leri va ri twisisaka. Ku tirhisana ka vahundzuluxeri, valavisisi, vadyondzisi ni vatumbuluxi va thekinoloji swi nga pfuna ku hluvukisa switirhisiwa swa Xitsonga. South African Government. Arts and Culture elevates indigenous languages through National Lexicography Units. The source specifically discusses Human Language Technology tools that support and improve translation. Government of South Africa Wikipedia. Tsonga language. The article includes information on Xitsonga language technology and localisation. Wikipedia 6odlfm9sld2z5fwlnzp4eq21fivd3pw 42924 42923 2026-09-30T10:04:58Z BennyPres 12499 42924 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vuhundzuluxeri bya Tithekinoloji eka Xitsonga''' '''Vuhundzuluxeri''' bya thekinoloji byi pfuna vanhu ku tirhisa switirhisiwa swa dijithali hi ririmi leri va ri twisisaka. Tifoni, tikhompyuta, tiwebusayiti na switirhisiwa swin’wana swi tala ku tirhisa tindzimi leti tirhisiwaka ngopfu. Ku hundzuluxela switirhisiwa leswi eka Xitsonga swi nga endla leswaku vanhu lava tsakelaka Xitsonga va kota ku swi tirhisa hi ku olova. Vahundzuluxeri va na xiave xa nkoka eka ku hundzuluxa marito ya [[Thekinoloji|thekinoloji.]] Va fanele ku twisisa ririmi ra Xitsonga swin’we ni marito ya thekinoloji leswaku va kota ku tirhisa marito lama faneleke. [[Ntirho]] lowu wu lava ndzavisiso, ku lulamisa matsalwa ni ku kambela leswaku nhlamuselo ya rito a yi cinci. Ku ndlandlamuxa vuhundzuluxeri bya thekinoloji eka Xitsonga swi nga pfuna ku tlakusa ririmi eka misava ya dijithali. Swi nga tlhela swi pfuna vadyondzi, vatirhi ni vaaki ku kuma mahungu hi ririmi leri va ri twisisaka. Ku tirhisana ka vahundzuluxeri, valavisisi, vadyondzisi ni vatumbuluxi va thekinoloji swi nga pfuna ku hluvukisa switirhisiwa swa Xitsonga. == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiwaka == South African Government. Arts and Culture elevates indigenous languages through National Lexicography Units. The source specifically discusses Human Language Technology tools that support and improve translation. Government of South Africa Wikipedia. Tsonga language. The article includes information on Xitsonga language technology and localisation. Wikipedia [[Category:Vuhundzuluxeri]] 8frvni5lec790ecp026mesiw5in5h5b 42925 42924 2026-09-30T10:08:52Z BennyPres 12499 42925 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vuhundzuluxeri bya Tithekinoloji eka Xitsonga''' '''Vuhundzuluxeri''' bya thekinoloji byi pfuna vanhu ku tirhisa switirhisiwa swa dijithali hi ririmi leri va ri twisisaka. Tifoni, tikhompyuta, tiwebusayiti na switirhisiwa swin’wana swi tala ku tirhisa tindzimi leti tirhisiwaka ngopfu. Ku hundzuluxela switirhisiwa leswi eka Xitsonga swi nga endla leswaku vanhu lava tsakelaka Xitsonga va kota ku swi tirhisa hi ku olova. Vahundzuluxeri va na xiave xa nkoka eka ku hundzuluxa marito ya [[Thekinoloji|thekinoloji.]] Va fanele ku twisisa ririmi ra Xitsonga swin’we ni marito ya thekinoloji leswaku va kota ku tirhisa marito lama faneleke. [[Ntirho]] lowu wu lava ndzavisiso, ku lulamisa matsalwa ni ku kambela leswaku nhlamuselo ya rito a yi cinci. Ku ndlandlamuxa vuhundzuluxeri bya thekinoloji eka Xitsonga swi nga pfuna ku tlakusa ririmi eka misava ya dijithali. Swi nga tlhela swi pfuna vadyondzi, vatirhi ni vaaki ku kuma mahungu hi ririmi leri va ri twisisaka. Ku tirhisana ka vahundzuluxeri, valavisisi, vadyondzisi ni vatumbuluxi va thekinoloji swi nga pfuna ku hluvukisa switirhisiwa swa Xitsonga. == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiwaka == https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsonga_language https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/arts-and-culture-elevates-indigenous-languages-through-national-lexicography [[Category:Vuhundzuluxeri]] 9bt8lagzi2rki04j3u9jeba4h1mxs6w 42931 42925 2026-09-30T10:11:12Z BennyPres 12499 42931 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vuhundzuluxeri bya Tithekinoloji eka Xitsonga''' '''Vuhundzuluxeri''' bya thekinoloji byi pfuna vanhu ku tirhisa switirhisiwa swa dijithali hi ririmi leri va ri twisisaka. Tifoni, tikhompyuta, tiwebusayiti na switirhisiwa swin’wana swi tala ku tirhisa tindzimi leti tirhisiwaka ngopfu. Ku hundzuluxela switirhisiwa leswi eka Xitsonga swi nga endla leswaku vanhu lava tsakelaka Xitsonga va kota ku swi tirhisa hi ku olova. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsonga_language</ref> Vahundzuluxeri va na xiave xa nkoka eka ku hundzuluxa marito ya [[Thekinoloji|thekinoloji.]] Va fanele ku twisisa ririmi ra Xitsonga swin’we ni marito ya thekinoloji leswaku va kota ku tirhisa marito lama faneleke. [[Ntirho]] lowu wu lava ndzavisiso, ku lulamisa matsalwa ni ku kambela leswaku nhlamuselo ya rito a yi cinci. Ku ndlandlamuxa vuhundzuluxeri bya thekinoloji eka Xitsonga swi nga pfuna ku tlakusa ririmi eka misava ya dijithali. Swi nga tlhela swi pfuna vadyondzi, vatirhi ni vaaki ku kuma mahungu hi ririmi leri va ri twisisaka. Ku tirhisana ka vahundzuluxeri, valavisisi, vadyondzisi ni vatumbuluxi va thekinoloji swi nga pfuna ku hluvukisa switirhisiwa swa Xitsonga.<ref>https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/arts-and-culture-elevates-indigenous-languages-through-national-lexicography</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiwaka == https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsonga_language https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/arts-and-culture-elevates-indigenous-languages-through-national-lexicography [[Category:Vuhundzuluxeri]] pky54je2nxkskxr1abv44uzu11j9a7r 42934 42931 2026-09-30T10:14:03Z BennyPres 12499 42934 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Behar Herald 28-02-2017.pdf|thumb|poems]] '''Vuhundzuluxeri bya Tithekinoloji eka Xitsonga''' '''Vuhundzuluxeri''' bya thekinoloji byi pfuna vanhu ku tirhisa switirhisiwa swa dijithali hi ririmi leri va ri twisisaka. Tifoni, tikhompyuta, tiwebusayiti na switirhisiwa swin’wana swi tala ku tirhisa tindzimi leti tirhisiwaka ngopfu. Ku hundzuluxela switirhisiwa leswi eka Xitsonga swi nga endla leswaku vanhu lava tsakelaka Xitsonga va kota ku swi tirhisa hi ku olova. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsonga_language</ref> Vahundzuluxeri va na xiave xa nkoka eka ku hundzuluxa marito ya [[Thekinoloji|thekinoloji.]] Va fanele ku twisisa ririmi ra Xitsonga swin’we ni marito ya thekinoloji leswaku va kota ku tirhisa marito lama faneleke. [[Ntirho]] lowu wu lava ndzavisiso, ku lulamisa matsalwa ni ku kambela leswaku nhlamuselo ya rito a yi cinci. Ku ndlandlamuxa vuhundzuluxeri bya thekinoloji eka Xitsonga swi nga pfuna ku tlakusa ririmi eka misava ya dijithali. Swi nga tlhela swi pfuna vadyondzi, vatirhi ni vaaki ku kuma mahungu hi ririmi leri va ri twisisaka. Ku tirhisana ka vahundzuluxeri, valavisisi, vadyondzisi ni vatumbuluxi va thekinoloji swi nga pfuna ku hluvukisa switirhisiwa swa Xitsonga.<ref>https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/arts-and-culture-elevates-indigenous-languages-through-national-lexicography</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiwaka == https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsonga_language https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/arts-and-culture-elevates-indigenous-languages-through-national-lexicography [[Category:Vuhundzuluxeri]] rprezo8pjgdaham54i20vwbiyip6937 42935 42934 2026-09-30T10:14:56Z BennyPres 12499 42935 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Behar Herald 28-02-2017.pdf|thumb|poems]] '''Vuhundzuluxeri bya Tithekinoloji eka Xitsonga''' '''Vuhundzuluxeri''' bya thekinoloji byi pfuna vanhu ku tirhisa switirhisiwa swa dijithali hi ririmi leri va ri twisisaka. Tifoni, tikhompyuta, tiwebusayiti na switirhisiwa swin’wana swi tala ku tirhisa tindzimi leti tirhisiwaka ngopfu. Ku hundzuluxela switirhisiwa leswi eka Xitsonga swi nga endla leswaku vanhu lava tsakelaka Xitsonga va kota ku swi tirhisa hi ku olova. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsonga_language</ref> Vahundzuluxeri va na xiave xa nkoka eka ku hundzuluxa marito ya [[Thekinoloji|thekinoloji.]] Va fanele ku twisisa ririmi ra Xitsonga swin’we ni marito ya thekinoloji leswaku va kota ku tirhisa marito lama faneleke. [[Ntirho]] lowu wu lava ndzavisiso, ku lulamisa matsalwa ni ku kambela leswaku nhlamuselo ya rito a yi cinci. Ku ndlandlamuxa vuhundzuluxeri bya thekinoloji eka Xitsonga swi nga pfuna ku tlakusa ririmi eka misava ya dijithali. Swi nga tlhela swi pfuna vadyondzi, vatirhi ni vaaki ku kuma mahungu hi ririmi leri va ri twisisaka. Ku tirhisana ka vahundzuluxeri, valavisisi, vadyondzisi ni vatumbuluxi va thekinoloji swi nga pfuna ku hluvukisa switirhisiwa swa Xitsonga.<ref>https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/arts-and-culture-elevates-indigenous-languages-through-national-lexicography</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiwaka == [[Category:Vuhundzuluxeri]] ojwgsz0p3wm70t44u911u77a91g1b10 0 8304 42926 2026-09-30T10:09:05Z Scotch Neverdie 12518 Created page with "Xivatlakombe swivatlakombe i tinyoka leti nga ni chefu leti yelanaka ni ti- taipan, tinyoka ta tikorala ni ti- mamba, hinkwato i swirho swa ndyangu wa ka (Elapidae). Tinyoka ta ndyangu lowu a ti swi koti ku peta tintiho ta tona ehansi, tani hi leswi tinyoka ti nga endlaka swona, hikwalaho tinsiva hi ntolovelo ti komile. Ti dlaya xiharhi xa tona hi ku chela chefu hi tintiho ta tona. Chefu leyi i chefu ya misiha leyi yimisaka ku hefemula ka muhlaseriwa ni ku ba ka mbilu...." 42926 wikitext text/x-wiki Xivatlakombe swivatlakombe i tinyoka leti nga ni chefu leti yelanaka ni ti- taipan, tinyoka ta tikorala ni ti- mamba, hinkwato i swirho swa ndyangu wa ka (Elapidae). Tinyoka ta ndyangu lowu a ti swi koti ku peta tintiho ta tona ehansi, tani hi leswi tinyoka ti nga endlaka swona, hikwalaho tinsiva hi ntolovelo ti komile. Ti dlaya xiharhi xa tona hi ku chela chefu hi tintiho ta tona. Chefu leyi i chefu ya misiha leyi yimisaka ku hefemula ka muhlaseriwa ni ku ba ka mbilu. Cobra yi hlasela munhu ntsena loko yi titwa yi xungetiwa. Kufana na nyoka yinwana na yinwana leyingana chefu, ku luma kusuka eka cobra swinga dlaya loko swinga tshunguriwi kahle.<ref>https://animals.sandiegozoo.org/animals/cobra</ref> Vutomi eka hood. swivatlakombe swina mihlovo yohambana hambana kusuka eka ya ntima kumbe ya buraweni wo dzwihala kuya eka yo basa yotshuka. Ti ni misiha yo hlawuleka ni timbanga enhan’wini leti nga pfurhaka loko xivatlakombe xi titwa xi ri ekhombyeni. swivatlakombe swi kota ku tlakusa miri wa tona ehenhla, ti hangalasa xihuku naswona ti hisa hi rito lerikulu leswaku ti chavisa minxungeto yo tala.swivatlakombe swo tsetela swivula yin’wana na yin’wana ya tinxaka to hlaya ta swivatlakombe letingana vuswikoti byo tshwutela kumbe ku fafazela chefu kusuka eka ti fangs ta tona kuva ti sirhelela. Swin’wana swi katsa ximanga xo tshwuka lexi tshwutaka, ximanga lexi tshwutaka xa le Mozambhiki ni ximanga lexi tshwutaka xa nhamu ya ntima. Chefu leyi, hambi leswi hi ntolovelo yinga dlayiwiki loko yi khumbana, yinga vanga vubofu bya nkarhi hinkwawo loko yi nghena etihlweni na/kumbe enhlongeni, yiva na swivati ​​loko yinga tshunguriwi.<ref>https://animals.sandiegozoo.org/animals/cobra</ref> [[File:Animals hero cobra.jpg|center]] == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == <ref>https://animals.sandiegozoo.org/animals/cobra</ref>https://animals.sandiegozoo.org/animals/cobra [[Category:Xivatlakombe]] lj287q6gocipwtmg2dwk7ixzhg1u0j3 0 8305 42928 2026-09-30T10:10:24Z PhumlaniMabasa 12525 Added a picture, a link and category 42928 wikitext text/x-wiki Xidzidziharhi-Nhovolo Xidzidziharhi i ntshava kumbe mbhovo lowu nga pfurhaka wu humesa maribye mo hisa lama n'okeke na tigasi leti humaka ehansi ka misava.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Lopes |first=Rosaly M.C |date=2010 |title=Volcanoes: A Beginner's Guide |publisher=Oneworld Publications |isbn=9781851687251}}</ref> [[File:Tavurvur volcano edit.jpg|thumb|Xifaniso xa Xidzidziharhi-Nhovolo]] Swivangelo leswikulu swa ku kuva na swidzidziharhi, ku famba ka tipuleti ta misava loko tipuleti ti hambana kumbe ti tlumbana, magma( maribye lama ya n'okeke) yi nga tlakuka yi hundza hi le xikarhi ka mikhwari ya misava. Maribye lawa ya n'okeke na tigasi swi hlengeleta ntshikelelo ehansi ka misava. Lokoko ntshikelelo wu kula ngopfu maribye lawa ya n'okekeya nga tlakukela ehenhla ka misava. Mikhwarhi swi na na tibomo leti nga ehansi ka misava swi pfumelela maribye lama ya n'okeke leswaku ya huma. Swidzidziharhi swin'wana swi vumbeka loko swilo swo hisa ngopfu swi tlakuka swi huma swinene endzeni ka misava kutani swi n'okisa maribye ieswi pfumelelaka magma ku fika ehenhla ka misava.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Francies |first=Peter |date=1976 |title=Valcano |publisher=Penguin Books |isbn=9780140218978 |location=Harmondsworth, England}}</ref> Swiphiqo swa swidzidzihari hi leswaku vanhu va lahlekeriwa hi vutomi, ku pfurha ka swidzidziharhi swi nga dlaya vanhu na swiharhi, nkuma na maribye swi nga onha tiyindlu, tindlela na miako. Nkuma na tigasi leti humaka eka swidzidziharhi swi nga endala leswaku moya wuva ni khombo ku wu hefemula naswona nkuma wu nga ha tlhela wu onha masimu na swibyariwa. Vanhu va nga boheka ku rhurhisiwa emakya ya vona leswaku va baleka ku pfurha ka xidzidziharhi. Nkuma wa swidzidziharhi wu nga kavanyeta tindlela na ku famba hi swihahampfhuka. Ku pfurha ka swidzidziharhi ku nga vanga mihlambi ya ndzhope leyi nga ni khombona ku rheta.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Waters |first=Fiona |date=2005 |title=Volcanoes |publisher=Hodder Wayland |isbn=0750247304 |location=London, England}}</ref> Mimpfuno ya swidzidziharhi eka vaakatiko hi leya ku nkuma wa swidzidziharhi wu nga endla leswaku misava yi va ni swakudya swo tala swo tala leswi pfunaka swi byariwa ku kula. Ku hisa loku humaka endzeni ka misava ku nga tirhisiwa ku endla gezi na ku hisa miako. Kupfurha ka swidzidziharhi ku nga endla swihlala leswintshwa na misava leyintshwa, tindhawu leti nga na swidzidziharhi ti nga ni timinerali ta na maribye ya nkoka. Swidzidziharhi swi nga koka vaendzi naswona swi nga endla leswaku ku va ni mintirho eka vaaki va le ndhawini. Swidzidziharhi swi pfuna vativi va seyense ku twisisa swinene misava na leswi nga endzeni ka yona.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Turnbull |first=Stephanie |date=2007 |title=Volcano |publisher=Usborne |isbn=9780746074824 |location=London, England}}</ref> <references /> 9gj8c41lppgxx730b0gpfabycsohdpv 0 8306 42930 2026-09-30T10:11:09Z NastyB innit 12496 Created page with "Vuputsu i byala bya ndhavuko wa vatsonga machangani [[File:Basotho traditional beer 02.jpg|thumb|Vuputsu]] "Traditional brews" e Afrika Dzonga swivula ndyangu wa swakunwa swa mavele leswi virisiweke leswinga emahlweni ka kufika ka biya leyi endliweke hi barley. Leyi tivekaka ngopfu i umqomboti — biya leyi sekeriweke eka sorghum leyi nga exikarhi ka vutomi bya ndzhavuko wa Xhosa na Zulu — kambe ndhavuko wu anama kuya eka bojalwa jwa Setswana (biya ya Tswana), Vuputs..." 42930 wikitext text/x-wiki Vuputsu i byala bya ndhavuko wa vatsonga machangani [[File:Basotho traditional beer 02.jpg|thumb|Vuputsu]] "Traditional brews" e Afrika Dzonga swivula ndyangu wa swakunwa swa mavele leswi virisiweke leswinga emahlweni ka kufika ka biya leyi endliweke hi barley. Leyi tivekaka ngopfu i umqomboti — biya leyi sekeriweke eka sorghum leyi nga exikarhi ka vutomi bya ndzhavuko wa Xhosa na Zulu — kambe ndhavuko wu anama kuya eka bojalwa jwa Setswana (biya ya Tswana), Vuputsu wamaTsonga, na makume ya tinxaka ta miganga e dzongeni hinkwawo wa Afrika. Leswi a hi swilo leswi tsakisaka swa matimu. Biya ya ndzhavuko ya ha endliwa emakaya, yi phameriwa eka minkhuvo, yi xavisiwa eka ti taverns letinga riki ta xivumbeko, naswona yitala ku kombeteriwa hi ti craft breweries leti tumbuluxaka ti sorghum-barley hybrids. Ti version ta mabindzu tofana na Chibuku na Ijuba ta kumeka eka switolo swa mabodlhela etikweni hinkwaro. Hi funengeta mindhavuko leyi hi ku xixima mindhavuko leyi yi humaka eka yona. Vutivi eka xiyenge lexi byi tirhisa ndhavuko wa nomu, ndzavisiso wa ethnographic lowu kandziyisiweke, na BiBi hi yexe ya malembe ya 35 ya ku langutisisa hi ku kongoma endzeni ka indasitiri ya biya ya SA. == Tibook leti tirhisiweke == https://beer-in-south-africa.com/blog k68tifx6whnm4aiumpy0q2mrf6jxtpp 42932 42930 2026-09-30T10:12:45Z NastyB innit 12496 /* Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke */ 42932 wikitext text/x-wiki Vuputsu i byala bya ndhavuko wa vatsonga machangani [[File:Basotho traditional beer 02.jpg|thumb|Vuputsu]] "Traditional brews" e Afrika Dzonga swivula ndyangu wa swakunwa swa mavele leswi virisiweke leswinga emahlweni ka kufika ka biya leyi endliweke hi barley. Leyi tivekaka ngopfu i umqomboti — biya leyi sekeriweke eka sorghum leyi nga exikarhi ka vutomi bya ndzhavuko wa Xhosa na Zulu — kambe ndhavuko wu anama kuya eka bojalwa jwa Setswana (biya ya Tswana), Vuputsu wamaTsonga, na makume ya tinxaka ta miganga e dzongeni hinkwawo wa Afrika. Leswi a hi swilo leswi tsakisaka swa matimu. Biya ya ndzhavuko ya ha endliwa emakaya, yi phameriwa eka minkhuvo, yi xavisiwa eka ti taverns letinga riki ta xivumbeko, naswona yitala ku kombeteriwa hi ti craft breweries leti tumbuluxaka ti sorghum-barley hybrids. Ti version ta mabindzu tofana na Chibuku na Ijuba ta kumeka eka switolo swa mabodlhela etikweni hinkwaro. Hi funengeta mindhavuko leyi hi ku xixima mindhavuko leyi yi humaka eka yona. Vutivi eka xiyenge lexi byi tirhisa ndhavuko wa nomu, ndzavisiso wa ethnographic lowu kandziyisiweke, na BiBi hi yexe ya malembe ya 35 ya ku langutisisa hi ku kongoma endzeni ka indasitiri ya biya ya SA. == Tibuku leti tirhisiweke == https://beer-in-south-africa.com/blog hnsdsrponh3e9975d1f3kuzql1jt706 42933 42932 2026-09-30T10:13:31Z NastyB innit 12496 /* Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke */ 42933 wikitext text/x-wiki Vuputsu i byala bya ndhavuko wa vatsonga machangani [[File:Basotho traditional beer 02.jpg|thumb|Vuputsu]] "Traditional brews" e Afrika Dzonga swivula ndyangu wa swakunwa swa mavele leswi virisiweke leswinga emahlweni ka kufika ka biya leyi endliweke hi barley. Leyi tivekaka ngopfu i umqomboti — biya leyi sekeriweke eka sorghum leyi nga exikarhi ka vutomi bya ndzhavuko wa Xhosa na Zulu — kambe ndhavuko wu anama kuya eka bojalwa jwa Setswana (biya ya Tswana), Vuputsu wamaTsonga, na makume ya tinxaka ta miganga e dzongeni hinkwawo wa Afrika. Leswi a hi swilo leswi tsakisaka swa matimu. Biya ya ndzhavuko ya ha endliwa emakaya, yi phameriwa eka minkhuvo, yi xavisiwa eka ti taverns letinga riki ta xivumbeko, naswona yitala ku kombeteriwa hi ti craft breweries leti tumbuluxaka ti sorghum-barley hybrids. Ti version ta mabindzu tofana na Chibuku na Ijuba ta kumeka eka switolo swa mabodlhela etikweni hinkwaro. Hi funengeta mindhavuko leyi hi ku xixima mindhavuko leyi yi humaka eka yona. Vutivi eka xiyenge lexi byi tirhisa ndhavuko wa nomu, ndzavisiso wa ethnographic lowu kandziyisiweke, na BiBi hi yexe ya malembe ya 35 ya ku langutisisa hi ku kongoma endzeni ka indasitiri ya biya ya SA. == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == https://beer-in-south-africa.com/blog a1x89s8sow9eabwqvp0lk3tppqwrah2 0 8307 42936 2026-09-30T10:17:25Z BennyPres 12499 Created page with "[[File:Behar_Herald_28-02-2017.pdf|thumb|poems]] '''Vuhundzuluxeri bya Tithekinoloji eka Xitsonga''' '''Vuhundzuluxeri''' bya thekinoloji byi pfuna vanhu ku tirhisa switirhisiwa swa dijithali hi ririmi leri va ri twisisaka. Tifoni, tikhompyuta, tiwebusayiti na switirhisiwa swin’wana swi tala ku tirhisa tindzimi leti tirhisiwaka ngopfu. Ku hundzuluxela switirhisiwa leswi eka Xitsonga swi nga endla leswaku vanhu lava tsakelaka Xitsonga va kota ku swi tirhisa hi ku olova..." 42936 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Behar_Herald_28-02-2017.pdf|thumb|poems]] '''Vuhundzuluxeri bya Tithekinoloji eka Xitsonga''' '''Vuhundzuluxeri''' bya thekinoloji byi pfuna vanhu ku tirhisa switirhisiwa swa dijithali hi ririmi leri va ri twisisaka. Tifoni, tikhompyuta, tiwebusayiti na switirhisiwa swin’wana swi tala ku tirhisa tindzimi leti tirhisiwaka ngopfu. Ku hundzuluxela switirhisiwa leswi eka Xitsonga swi nga endla leswaku vanhu lava tsakelaka Xitsonga va kota ku swi tirhisa hi ku olova. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsonga_language</ref> Vahundzuluxeri va na xiave xa nkoka eka ku hundzuluxa marito ya [[Thekinoloji|thekinoloji.]] Va fanele ku twisisa ririmi ra Xitsonga swin’we ni marito ya thekinoloji leswaku va kota ku tirhisa marito lama faneleke. [[Ntirho]] lowu wu lava ndzavisiso, ku lulamisa matsalwa ni ku kambela leswaku nhlamuselo ya rito a yi cinci. Ku ndlandlamuxa vuhundzuluxeri bya thekinoloji eka Xitsonga swi nga pfuna ku tlakusa ririmi eka misava ya dijithali. Swi nga tlhela swi pfuna vadyondzi, vatirhi ni vaaki ku kuma mahungu hi ririmi leri va ri twisisaka. Ku tirhisana ka vahundzuluxeri, valavisisi, vadyondzisi ni vatumbuluxi va thekinoloji swi nga pfuna ku hluvukisa switirhisiwa swa Xitsonga.<ref>https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/arts-and-culture-elevates-indigenous-languages-through-national-lexicography</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiwaka == cfe16clmpybg7d9o38839f5g3lviitm 2 8308 42938 2026-09-30T10:22:44Z BennyPres 12499 Created page with "Ndzati wa Mitsengo Ndzati wa mitsengo i mhaka leyi khumbaka vanhu vo tala eka masiku lawa. Mitsengo ya swakudya, swo ambala, vutleketli na swilo swin’wana swa nkoka yi ya yi tlakuka. Ku tlakuka ka mitsengo swi endla leswaku vanhu va tirhisa mali yo tala ku xava swilo leswi va swi lavaka siku ni siku. Mindyangu leyi nga na mali yitsongo yi tala ku khumbeka ngopfu hi ndzati wa mitsengo. Van’wana va boheka ku hunguta swilo leswi va swi xavaka kumbe va lava tindlela to..." 42938 wikitext text/x-wiki Ndzati wa Mitsengo Ndzati wa mitsengo i mhaka leyi khumbaka vanhu vo tala eka masiku lawa. Mitsengo ya swakudya, swo ambala, vutleketli na swilo swin’wana swa nkoka yi ya yi tlakuka. Ku tlakuka ka mitsengo swi endla leswaku vanhu va tirhisa mali yo tala ku xava swilo leswi va swi lavaka siku ni siku. Mindyangu leyi nga na mali yitsongo yi tala ku khumbeka ngopfu hi ndzati wa mitsengo. Van’wana va boheka ku hunguta swilo leswi va swi xavaka kumbe va lava tindlela to hlayisa mali. Ku tlakuka ka mitsengo ya swakudya swi nga tlhela swi endla leswaku mindyangu yi cinca ndlela leyi yi xava ni ku lunghisa swakudya ha yona. I swa nkoka leswaku vanhu va dyondza ku tirhisa mali hi vutlhari. Ku endla mpimanyeto wa mali, ku ringanisa mitsengo emavhengeleni yo hambana ni ku xava swilo swa nkoka swi nga pfuna mindyangu ku langutana na xiyimo lexi. Ku tirhisana ka vaaki, mabindzu na mfumo na kona i swa nkoka eka ku lavisisa tindlela to olovisa ku hanya ka vanhu. == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == Statistics South Africa. Consumer Price Index (CPI), August 2026. � Statistics South Africa Statistics South Africa. What is the Consumer Price Index? � Statistics South Africa 22h6hyx0qkdbzpeqmq707duexf4mr1y 42939 42938 2026-09-30T10:23:38Z BennyPres 12499 42939 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ndzati wa Mitsengo''' '''Ndzati''' wa mitsengo i mhaka leyi khumbaka vanhu vo tala eka masiku lawa. Mitsengo ya swakudya, swo ambala, vutleketli na swilo swin’wana swa nkoka yi ya yi tlakuka. Ku tlakuka ka mitsengo swi endla leswaku vanhu va tirhisa mali yo tala ku xava swilo leswi va swi lavaka siku ni siku. Mindyangu leyi nga na mali yitsongo yi tala ku khumbeka ngopfu hi ndzati wa mitsengo. Van’wana va boheka ku hunguta swilo leswi va swi xavaka kumbe va lava tindlela to hlayisa mali. Ku tlakuka ka mitsengo ya swakudya swi nga tlhela swi endla leswaku mindyangu yi cinca ndlela leyi yi xava ni ku lunghisa swakudya ha yona. I swa nkoka leswaku vanhu va dyondza ku tirhisa mali hi vutlhari. Ku endla mpimanyeto wa mali, ku ringanisa mitsengo emavhengeleni yo hambana ni ku xava swilo swa nkoka swi nga pfuna mindyangu ku langutana na xiyimo lexi. Ku tirhisana ka vaaki, mabindzu na mfumo na kona i swa nkoka eka ku lavisisa tindlela to olovisa ku hanya ka vanhu. == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == Statistics South Africa. Consumer Price Index (CPI), August 2026. � Statistics South Africa Statistics South Africa. What is the Consumer Price Index? � Statistics South Africa cqm0945c043hik9feikq8yz2ohsl9lv 42943 42939 2026-09-30T10:28:49Z BennyPres 12499 42943 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ndzati wa Mitsengo''' '''Ndzati''' wa mitsengo i mhaka leyi khumbaka vanhu vo tala eka masiku lawa. Mitsengo ya [[swakudya]], swo ambala, vutleketli na swilo swin’wana swa nkoka yi ya yi tlakuka. Ku tlakuka ka mitsengo swi endla leswaku vanhu va tirhisa mali yo tala ku xava swilo leswi va swi lavaka siku ni siku. Mindyangu leyi nga na mali yitsongo yi tala ku khumbeka ngopfu hi ndzati wa mitsengo. Van’wana va boheka ku hunguta swilo leswi va swi xavaka kumbe va lava tindlela to hlayisa mali. Ku tlakuka ka mitsengo ya swakudya swi nga tlhela swi endla leswaku mindyangu yi cinca ndlela leyi yi xava ni ku lunghisa swakudya ha yona. I swa nkoka leswaku vanhu va dyondza ku tirhisa mali hi vutlhari. Ku endla mpimanyeto wa [[mali]] ku ringanisa mitsengo emavhengeleni yo hambana ni ku xava swilo swa nkoka swi nga pfuna mindyangu ku langutana na xiyimo lexi. Ku tirhisana ka vaaki, mabindzu na mfumo na kona i swa nkoka eka ku lavisisa tindlela to olovisa ku hanya ka vanhu. == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == Statistics South Africa. Consumer Price Index (CPI), August 2026. Statistics South Africa Statistics South Africa. What is the Consumer Price Index? � Statistics South Africa qqdzuuu1bngjveniw287khhyhm9kun7 42952 42943 2026-09-30T11:19:51Z BennyPres 12499 42952 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ndzati wa Mitsengo''' '''Ndzati''' wa mitsengo i mhaka leyi khumbaka vanhu vo tala eka masiku lawa. Mitsengo ya [[swakudya]], swo ambala, vutleketli na swilo swin’wana swa nkoka yi ya yi tlakuka. Ku tlakuka ka mitsengo swi endla leswaku vanhu va tirhisa mali yo tala ku xava swilo leswi va swi lavaka siku ni siku. Mindyangu leyi nga na mali yitsongo yi tala ku khumbeka ngopfu hi ndzati wa mitsengo. Van’wana va boheka ku hunguta swilo leswi va swi xavaka kumbe va lava tindlela to hlayisa mali. Ku tlakuka ka mitsengo ya swakudya swi nga tlhela swi endla leswaku mindyangu yi cinca ndlela leyi yi xava ni ku lunghisa swakudya ha yona. I swa nkoka leswaku vanhu va dyondza ku tirhisa mali hi vutlhari. Ku endla mpimanyeto wa [[mali]] ku ringanisa mitsengo emavhengeleni yo hambana ni ku xava swilo swa nkoka swi nga pfuna mindyangu ku langutana na xiyimo lexi. Ku tirhisana ka vaaki, mabindzu na mfumo na kona i swa nkoka eka ku lavisisa tindlela to olovisa ku hanya ka vanhu. == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == https://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=19933 [[Category:Sayensi ya mahanyele]] 6jt6th1iy7izvqx6fp5gz2g2gpijkyt 42953 42952 2026-09-30T11:21:09Z BennyPres 12499 42953 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ndzati wa Mitsengo''' '''Ndzati''' wa mitsengo i mhaka leyi khumbaka vanhu vo tala eka masiku lawa. Mitsengo ya [[swakudya]], swo ambala, vutleketli na swilo swin’wana swa nkoka yi ya yi tlakuka. Ku tlakuka ka mitsengo swi endla leswaku vanhu va tirhisa mali yo tala ku xava swilo leswi va swi lavaka siku ni siku. Mindyangu leyi nga na mali yitsongo yi tala ku khumbeka ngopfu hi ndzati wa mitsengo. Van’wana va boheka ku hunguta swilo leswi va swi xavaka kumbe va lava tindlela to hlayisa mali. Ku tlakuka ka mitsengo ya swakudya swi nga tlhela swi endla leswaku mindyangu yi cinca ndlela leyi yi xava ni ku lunghisa swakudya ha yona.<ref>https://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=19933</ref> I swa nkoka leswaku vanhu va dyondza ku tirhisa mali hi vutlhari. Ku endla mpimanyeto wa [[mali]] ku ringanisa mitsengo emavhengeleni yo hambana ni ku xava swilo swa nkoka swi nga pfuna mindyangu ku langutana na xiyimo lexi. Ku tirhisana ka vaaki, mabindzu na mfumo na kona i swa nkoka eka ku lavisisa tindlela to olovisa ku hanya ka vanhu.<ref>https://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=19933</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == https://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=19933 [[Category:Sayensi ya mahanyele]] 8s7q6tm2981dogvet4dd3nr4o07kwz5 0 8309 42940 2026-09-30T10:24:44Z Scotch Neverdie 12518 Created page with "Mpfundla Mimpfundla yina tindleve to leha, leti swinga endlekaka kuva ti tolovela ku vona swiharhi leswi dyaka swiharhi. Titlhela tiva na milenge yo leha, ya matimba yale ndzhaku xikan’we na ncila wo koma. Mimpfundla yitele miri naswona yina xivumbeko xa tandza, mimpfundla ya nhova yifana swinene hi mpimo wa miri na xiyimo. Ncila wa tona hi ntolovelo i xiphemu lexintsongo xa voya, hi xitalo wuva na buraweni kambe wo basa ehenhla eka ti cottontails (genus Sylvilagus) t..." 42940 wikitext text/x-wiki Mpfundla Mimpfundla yina tindleve to leha, leti swinga endlekaka kuva ti tolovela ku vona swiharhi leswi dyaka swiharhi. Titlhela tiva na milenge yo leha, ya matimba yale ndzhaku xikan’we na ncila wo koma. Mimpfundla yitele miri naswona yina xivumbeko xa tandza, mimpfundla ya nhova yifana swinene hi mpimo wa miri na xiyimo. Ncila wa tona hi ntolovelo i xiphemu lexintsongo xa voya, hi xitalo wuva na buraweni kambe wo basa ehenhla eka ti cottontails (genus Sylvilagus) ta North na South America.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wnet/nature/blog/rabbit-fact-sheet/</ref> [[File:2-rabbits-eating-grass-at-daytime-33152-1536x1018.jpg|center]] Vusiku bya mpfundla hi ntolovelo byi lehe naswona byi olovile, naswona muhlovo wa wona wuhambana kuya eka tinxaka ta burawen . Hambiswiritano, leswi swa hambana kuya hi muxaka na muxaka wa kona. Leswi nga riki kona swi katsa mpfundla ya ntima ya Amami (Pentalagus furnessi) ya le Japani ni tinxaka timbirhi leti nga ni mitila ya ntima leti humaka eDzonga-vuxa bya Asia.Mimpfundla yihambana swinene hi vukulu. (Darius the rabbit )yi khome xidlodlo xa Guinness World Record xa mpfundla yo leha swinene emisaveni hinkwayo eka 4 feet 4 inches naswona yi tika kwalomu ka 50 pounds. Hi nkarhi wolowo, leyintsongo swinene i mbyana ya pygmy (Brachylagus idahoensis), leyi leheke 7,9 wa tisentimitara ntsena naswona yi tika 0,9 wa tiphawundi.Mimpfundla ngopfu ngopfu yidya switirhisiwa swa swimilani hi xitalo kutiyisisa leswaku swifaneleka. Swakudya swa tona swivumbiwa ngopfu hi byanyi.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/wnet/nature/blog/rabbit-fact-sheet/</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == <ref>https://www.pbs.org/wnet/nature/blog/rabbit-fact-sheet/</ref>https://www.pbs.org/wnet/nature/blog/rabbit-fact-sheet/ [[Category:Nwa mpfundla]] m2pgh54ymcf6xu989ijzhnr0cnmpq7i 0 8310 42944 2026-09-30T10:30:44Z NastyB innit 12496 Created page with "Nenge Eka matirhiselo lawa ya tolovelekeke swinene, nenge i xirho lexi tirhisiwaka ku seketela miri na ku famba famba, kufana na ku famba kumbe ku tsutsuma. Kambe hambi ku ri endzeni ka ntivo-vutomi, rito leri ri na tinhlamuselo to karhi ku ya hi mongo. [[File:Human leg bones labeled.svg|thumb|''Nenge wa munhu'']] Nenge wa Munhu Eka vanhu, ku tirhisiwa loku dumeke ku kombetela eka xirho hinkwaxo xa le hansi ku sukela exifuveni ku ya fika emilengeni. Kambe, hi tlhelo..." 42944 wikitext text/x-wiki Nenge Eka matirhiselo lawa ya tolovelekeke swinene, nenge i xirho lexi tirhisiwaka ku seketela miri na ku famba famba, kufana na ku famba kumbe ku tsutsuma. Kambe hambi ku ri endzeni ka ntivo-vutomi, rito leri ri na tinhlamuselo to karhi ku ya hi mongo. [[File:Human leg bones labeled.svg|thumb|''Nenge wa munhu'']] Nenge wa Munhu Eka vanhu, ku tirhisiwa loku dumeke ku kombetela eka xirho hinkwaxo xa le hansi ku sukela exifuveni ku ya fika emilengeni. Kambe, hi tlhelo ra vutshunguri na anatomic, "nenge" hi ku kongoma i xiphemu xa makumu ya le hansi exikarhi ka matsolo na xirhendze. Xiphemu lexi sukaka exifuveni ku ya fika ematsolweni xi vuriwa "thigh," kasi xiphemu lexi nga exikarhi ka matsolo na xirhendze xi tlhela xi vuriwa "shank". Milenge ya Swiharhi Eka swiharhi, nenge i xirho lexi fanaka xa ku famba-famba ni ku seketeriwa, hambileswi xivumbeko xa wona xi hambanaka swinene exikarhi ka tinxaka. Hi xikombiso, tihanci leti fambaka hi milenge ya mune to fana ni tihanci ti rhwala ntiko eka swirho swa mune, kasi ti- arthropod ti ni swiengetelo leswi avaneke leswaku ti gayela. Ku hambana ka nkoka ka anatomical ku kona exikarhi ka swiharhi swa bipedal na quadrupedal, leswi khumbhaka ku tsindziyela na ku tiya ka marhambu ya milenge ya swona. Nhlamuselo ya Michini na Xithekiniki Ku tlula biology, rito "leg" ri tirhisiwa ku hlamusela nseketelo wa xivumbeko kumbe xiteji xa endlelo lerikulu. Leswi swi tolovelekile eka tiindasitiri to hlayanyana. Fanichara na Vumaki Eka dizayini ya fanichara, milenge i swiseketelo leswi tshamaka ehansi naswona swi khoma miri lowukulu wa xiphemu, kufana na tafula kumbe xitulu. Leswi swi nga ha sukela eka milenge yo saseka leyi rhetaka ku ya eka milenge leyi tiyeke ya xitayili xa tiindasitiri. Hilaha ku fanaka, eka ku aka, "nenge" wu nga va xiphemu xa xivumbeko lexi yimisiweke, lexi talaka ku endliwa hi mapulanga, nsimbi, kumbe khonkhriti, lexi seketelaka xirhendzevutana kumbe xirho lexi nga etlhelo. Eka ndzindzakhombo wo aka, swibumabumelo swa London Engineering Group (LEG) swi hlamusela vutihlamuleri bya swihoxo swa ku aka. Maendzo na Mintlangu Eka maendzo, ngopfu ngopfu eka swihahampfhuka, "nenge" wuvula riendzo rin'we, ra ndlela yin'we kumbe xiphemu xa riendzo exikarhi ka tinhla timbirhi. Leswi swi nga tirha eka swihaha-mpfhuka, maendzo ya le magondzweni kumbe maendzo ya le lwandle. Eka mintlangu, "nenge" wutala kuvula wun'wana wa nxaxamelo wa mintlangu kumbe mphikizano lowu tlangiwaka ku kumisisa muhluri hiku angarhela, ngopfu ngopfu eka tithonamente tofana na ku hlangana ka bolo ya milenge ya milenge yimbirhi kumbe nxaxamelo wa mimphikizano. Swi nga ha tlhela swi kombetela eka xiteji xa mphikizano wa relay. == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == https://wellrz.com/what-is-the-definition-of-a-leg ka9qv7iss86t11kd6tvdyxoep1vj5sb 0 8311 42945 2026-09-30T10:42:58Z PookieM 12510 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1330975231|Laptop cooler]]" 42945 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Multiple issues/styles.css"></templatestyles>  [[File:Laptop_cooler.JPG|right|thumb| Xigwitsirisi xa laptop lexi nga ta tirhisiwa]] Swigwiritsi xitirhisiwa xa tikhompyuta ta laptop leti kunguhatiweke ku hunguta mahiselo ya tona loko laptop yi nga swi koti ku tiphorisa hi laha ku ringaneke. Tikhompyuta ti endleriwe ku sirhelela xigwitsirisi eka ku hisa ngopfu na mutirhisi eka ku xaniseka hi ku nga tsaki loku fambelanaka na ku hisa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=Laptop Users Warned of Burn Risk {{!}} EmaxHealth |url=http://www.emaxhealth.com/1506/laptop-users-warned-burn-risk |access-date=2018-08-01 |language=en}}</ref> i fene yo kufumeta yi nga ha va na tindlela to kufumeta leti tirhaka kumbe leti nga tirhiki naswona yi tshama ehansi ka laptop. Ti cooler leti tirhaka ti fambisa moya kumbe mati kuya kongomisa kuhisa kusuka eka khompyuta hiku hatlisa, kasi maendlelo ya ku hatlisa yanga titshega hi switirhisiwa leswi fambisaka kuhisa kumbe ku engetela ku khuluka ka moya lowu nga tirhiki. <ref>{{Cite web|last=Oliva|first=Bemfica de|date=2024-01-04|title=Active vs. Passive Cooling: What's the Difference, and Which Is Better?|url=https://www.howtogeek.com/active-vs-passive-cooling-difference-which-is-better/|accessdate=2026-01-03|website=How-To Geek|language=en}}</ref> == Swigwitsirisi leswi tirhaka == Xigwitsiriri xa khompyuta lexi tirhaka ti tirhisa ti fans letintsongo ku antswisa ku khuluka ka moya ku rhendzela chassis ya laptop, leswi pfunetaka eka convection ya kuhisa ekule na xitirhisiwa. Ti coolers leti hi ntolovelo ti katsa exikarhi ka fan yin’we na tsevu, leswi pfunetaka ku lawula mahiselo. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Laptop Cooler / Laptop Cooling Pad - HAVIT Online|url=https://www.prohavit.com/product-category/pc-classic/laptop-cooler-laptop-cooling-pad/|accessdate=2016-05-07|website=HAVIT Online|language=en-US}}</ref> Hi ntolovelo ti-coolers ti tirha hi matimba lama kokiwaka hi yin’wana ya ti-USB port ta laptop, laha timodeli tin’wana ti nga na ti-USB hub leti hlanganisiweke leswaku ti nga dyi yin’wana ya ti-USB port ta laptop leti talaka ku pima. Swigwitsiriri swin’wana leti tirhaka ti koka ku hisa ku suka ehansi ka khompyuta; van’wana va tirha hi ndlela leyi hambanaka hi ku pfurheta moya wo kufumela wu kongoma eka muchini. Rivilo ra fani ri lulamisiwa hi voko kumbe hi ku tisungulela eka matithiselo ya to karhi naswona eka tin’wana ri tshama eka rivilo leri nga cinciki. swigwiritsi letinga endliwanga kahle tinga tirhisa ti fans leti kokaka current yotala kutlula leswi pfumeleriwaka hi USB leyi nga eka ndlela ya kahle. Handle ka nsirhelelo lowunene, switirhisiwa swo tano swi nga onha mphakelo wa gezi ra USB. Endzeni ka khompyuta, xitirhisiwa xa gezi xa USB xi fanele ku humesa nhlayo leyi engetelekeke eka fani leyi tirhisaka , xisweswo xi humesa ku hisa kutsongo loku engetelekeke. Ku tumbuluxiwa loku ka ku hisa loku engetelekeke hi ntolovelo a ku na nkoka loko ku pimanisiwa ni mpimo wa ku hisa loku fan yi sukaka eka laptop. Swigwitsiriri swin’wana ta xiyimo xale henhla leti tirhaka tina ti blowers ematshan’wini ya ti fans, letingana ti filters to yimisa ntshuri kuva wu nghena eka laptop, naswona tina ti seals exikarhi ka cooler na laptop surfaces ku sivela recirculation ya moya wo hisa kuva yinga ngheni eka lkhompyuta. Hi ntolovelo, conductive cooling pad yi pfumelela ku kufumeta ka laptop handle ko tirhisa matimba wahi na wahi. "Ti pads" leti hi ntolovelo ti tatiwa hi organic salt compound leyi ti pfumelelaka ku tswonga kuhisa kusuka eka laptop. <ref name="USpatent 7327340">{{Cite web|date=|title=United States Patent 7,324,340|url=http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2&Sect2=HITOFF&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-adv.htm&r=9&p=1&f=G&l=50&d=PTXT&S1=7324340&OS=7324340&RS=7324340|accessdate=2011-12-06|publisher=Patft.uspto.gov}}</ref> Tikahle eka nkarhi lowu pimiweke kusukela kwalomu ka 6–8 wa tiawara ta ku kufumela. va endli tin’wana i pad ntsena leyi tlakusaka laptop leswaku ti fans eka laptop ti pfumeleriwa ku khuluka ka moya lowukulu. Swigwitsirir swinwana swi ti hlohleteriwi eka tikhompyuta letingana ti fani vents leti akiweke ehansi; cooling pad yi pfalela ti vents, leswi endlaka leswaku ku hisa ngopfu kumbe ku tsandzeka ka sisiteme ka ha ri na nkarhi. Ndlela leyinene yo kumisisa loko cooling pad yi ta fanela laptop yo karhi ku nga va ku lava swipfalo swa moya kumbe swipfalo swa fan eka laptop. Loko tiri etlhelo kungari ehansi, hi ntolovelo swihlayisekile ku tirhisa cooler pad; handle ka sweswo, swi nga ha va swi nga hlayisekanga ku tirhisa phedi yo kufumeta leyi fambisaka. == Xigwitsirisi xa swiphemu swo tala == <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles>Multi-surface fani i muxaka lowuntsongo wa passive cooler. Yi pfumelela ku khuluka ka moya exikarhi ka laptop base na cooler, na le xikarhi ka base ya cooler na lap ya mutirhisi. Ti laptop coolers leti ti lulamerile eka ti laptop letingana ti vents ehansi. Dizayini ya multi-surface cooling hi ntolovelo yi tirha eka ndzhawu yin’wana na yin’wana handle ko pfalela ti vents tihi na tihi. Leswi swiendla leswaku ti lulamela kutirhisiwa eka desika, lap, eka tindzhawu letinga ringaniki/to olova (sofa, mubedo/duvet, khapete) nale handle. swigwitsiriri swa tifene tin’wana ti tlhela ti va ni mavoni lama tirhaka swin’we ni ku tirha ka ti- cooling fan. Tivhidiyo ta manguva lawa ti nga ha katsa ku voninga ka RGB loku nga cinciwaka, ku nyikela xiyimiso lexi tsakisaka hi ku vona lexi nga fambisanaka ni switirhisiwa swin’wana. Tidizayini ta ergonomic leti antswisiweke leti nga na ti angle leti lulamisiwaka ta kumeka, ku pfuna vatirhisi ku antswisa ku yima na ku hunguta ku nonoka hi nkarhi wa ku tirhisiwa ka laptop nkarhi wo leha. == Swigwitsirisi swa swikongomelo swo tala == Nhluvuko wa sweswinyana wu endle leswaku ku va ni swigwitsirisi leswi nga ni swikongomelo swo tala naswona swi tirhaka tanihi tindhawu to tirhela eka tona leti rhwalekaka. Swihlawulekisi swi nga katsa swihlaya swa makhadi swa swivumbeko swo hambana swa swihangani selamahungu swo fana na ti-key drive, makhadi ya memori, na 2.5" khompyuta swi na matirhisela ya kona . Ti nga ta na tisisiteme to voninga, milenge leyi tshovekaka, tindhawu to tsalela eka tona, swivandla swo nghenisa tibuku kumbe tithebulete, na swiyenge swin’wana leswi engetelekeke leswaku swi tirha tanihi desika leri nga eka xin’we, leri rhwalekaka. Hambiswiritano, tipulani leti leti andlariweke ti nga endla leswaku switshamo swo kufumeta swi tika swinene leswaku swi nga rhwariwi hi ndlela leyi olovaka kumbe nkarhi wo leha. xigwiriri xo ti yimela i xitirhisiwa lexi tlakusaka khompyuta ku ya eka ku leha lokunkulu ko languta, ku tlakusa ku yima ko antswa na ma yimelo. Hi hala tlhelo, xigwitsirisi xa khompyuta xi endleriwe ku herisa ku hisa ni ku sivela ku hisa ngopfu hi ku nyika moya lowu engetelekeke eka fambiselo ro kufumeta ra laptop. == leswi tirhisiweke == <templatestyles src="Module:Side box/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Commonscat|Laptop coolers|laptop coolers}} [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] qlnyentrmjtr60iu1sorxhh55j78iod 0 8312 42946 2026-09-30T10:43:40Z NastyB innit 12496 Created page with "[[File:Polydactyly 01 Lhand AP.jpg|thumb|''X-ray ya Voko ra munhu'']] Voko Voko ra munhu, xiphemu xa le kule swinene xa xirho xa le henhla, i ntirho lowu hlamarisaka wa vunjhiniyara ni ku hundzuka. Yi tiya swinene kuva yi pfumelela vakhandziyi kuva va langutana na ntshava yin’wana na yin’wana, kambe yitlhela yi kongoma swinene eka ku tirhisiwa ka swin’wana swa swilo leswintsongo swa misava xikan’we naku endla swiendlo leswi rharhanganeke. Voko hi roxe ri na mar..." 42946 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Polydactyly 01 Lhand AP.jpg|thumb|''X-ray ya Voko ra munhu'']] Voko Voko ra munhu, xiphemu xa le kule swinene xa xirho xa le henhla, i ntirho lowu hlamarisaka wa vunjhiniyara ni ku hundzuka. Yi tiya swinene kuva yi pfumelela vakhandziyi kuva va langutana na ntshava yin’wana na yin’wana, kambe yitlhela yi kongoma swinene eka ku tirhisiwa ka swin’wana swa swilo leswintsongo swa misava xikan’we naku endla swiendlo leswi rharhanganeke. Voko hi roxe ri na marhambu yo karhi lawa misiha yo hambana hambana yi khomanisiweke eka wona, na nhlengeleto wa swivumbeko swa misiha ya misiha leswi nga na vutihlamuleri byo humesa mati na ku nghenisa misiha. Hambiswiritano, misiha ya le ndzeni ya voko yi ni vutihlamuleri byo karhi ntsena eka ku famba-famba ka rona hinkwako. Swilo swin’wana leswikulu leswi hoxaka xandla entiyisweni i misiha ya voko ra le mahlweni, leyi humesaka misiha yi kongoma evokweni hi ku tirhisa xivumbeko xa anatomical lexi rharhanganeke ni lexi cinca-cincaka hi ku ringana, lexi vuriwaka wrist. Ku twisisa loku tiyeke ka voko swilava ku khoma kahle (pun intended) ka anatomy ya rona hinkwayo. == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/hand-anatomy https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/the-phalanges tsal49vd0h4f3pi0tl3qgyfseiq6dcd 0 8313 42947 2026-09-30T10:44:13Z Scotch Neverdie 12518 Created page with "Nkuzi Tinkunzi i tihomu ta xinuna letikulu, leti tiyeke I xiphemu xa muxaka lowu tivekaka tani hi (Bos taurus), leyi talaka ku fuyiwa hikwalaho ka matimba ya yona, vuhumelerisi bya masi, na nyama. Tinkunzi tinga kumeka emisaveni hinkwayo, ngopfu ngopfu emapurasini yale matikweni yofana na United States, India na Brazil. Xana a wu swi tiva? Tinkunzi ti ni vumunhu byo hlawuleka! Hambileswi ti nga olovaka, kambe ti tlhela ti sirhelela. Ku leha ka tona kungava kwalomu ka 5..." 42947 wikitext text/x-wiki Nkuzi Tinkunzi i tihomu ta xinuna letikulu, leti tiyeke I xiphemu xa muxaka lowu tivekaka tani hi (Bos taurus), leyi talaka ku fuyiwa hikwalaho ka matimba ya yona, vuhumelerisi bya masi, na nyama. Tinkunzi tinga kumeka emisaveni hinkwayo, ngopfu ngopfu emapurasini yale matikweni yofana na United States, India na Brazil. Xana a wu swi tiva? Tinkunzi ti ni vumunhu byo hlawuleka! Hambileswi ti nga olovaka, kambe ti tlhela ti sirhelela. Ku leha ka tona kungava kwalomu ka 5 kuya eka 6 wa timitara hiku leha naswona tinga tika exikarhi ka 1,000 kuya eka 2,000 wa ti pounds, Ku ni mixaka yo hambana-hambana ya tinkunzi, yin’wana ni yin’wana yi ni timfanelo to hlawuleka Tinxaka tin'wana leti dumeke ti katsa Hereford, leyi tivekaka hi xikandza xo basa, na Angus, leyi dumeke hi nyama ya yona yo nandziha ya homu. Muxaka wa Holstein, lowu dumeke hi swivati ​​swa wona swa ntima na swo basa, i muxaka wa masi lowu humesaka masi yotala. Tinkunzi ta biramani, letingana ti (humps) ta tona letikulu, titiveka hiku tiyisela maxelo yo hisa. Tinxaka tin'wana to fana na( Charolais na Limousin )titsakeriwa ngopfu e Europe hi vukulu bya tona na khwalithi ya kahle ya nyama. Muxaka wun’wana na wun’wana wuna matimba na swihlawulekisi swa wona.<ref>https://www.diy.org/article/bull</ref> Tinkunzi ti tlanga xiave xa nkoka emapurasini ,Ehandle ka ku tirhisiwa eka ku humelerisa nyama ya homu, na swona swina nkoka eka ku fuwa. Van’wamapurasi vatala ku hlawula tinkunzi ta matimba kuva ti hlangana na tihomu kuva va tumbuluxa marhole lawa ya hanyeke kahle. Tinkunzi tin’wana ti leteriwile ku pfuneta eka ntirho wo tika, ku fana na ku koka swikomu. I swa nkoka kuva na tinkunzi ta khwalithi kuva ti antswisa swifuwo swa swifuwo! Van’wamapurasi vatlhela va lawula tinkunzi hi vukheta, va ti hlayisa ti hlayisekile naswona tiri na rihanyo kutiyisisa leswaku tinga hanya vutomi byo gingiriteka, lebyi humelerisaka emapurasini. Mapurasi emisaveni hinkwayo ya titshege hi tinkunzi eka ntirho wa tona wo tika na ku hoxa xandla eka vurimi<ref>https://www.diy.org/article/bull</ref> [[File:Nkuzi.jpg]] == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == https://www.diy.org/article/bull [[Category:Nkuzi]] e0z0rll2mfseo5i81rvwrumttz1vvst 0 8314 42949 2026-09-30T11:03:02Z Blaq centia 12476 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1343676735|Nkosazana Daughter]]" 42949 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nkosazana Nolwazi Kimberly Nzama''' loyi a velekiweke hiti 6 hlangula hi lembe ra 2000, hi xiphurofexinali loyi a tivekaka tani hi '''Nkosazana daughter.''' I xiyimbeleri na mutsari wa tinsimu [[Afrika-Dzonga|wa Afirika-Dzonga]] . Nzama u kumile ku xiximiwa ka ntiko hinkwaro endzhaku ka loko a humesile alibamu ya yena yo sungula ya 14 wa tisimu leyi a yiri na va yimbeleri lava tivekaka vo fana na DJ Maphorisa, [[Makhadzi(xiyimbeleri)|Makhadzi]], Master KG, Kabza de Small, Tyler ICU, Major League DJz, Young Jonn, na Chronical Deep, na van’wana. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web|last=Magazine|first=Blazon|date=29 May 2023|title=Mr Eazi Drops Album With Ami Faku, Anatii, Nkosazana Daughter, Focalistic & More|url=https://www.blazonmagazine.co.za/mr-eazi-drops-album-with-ami-faku-anatii-nkosazana-daughter-focalistic-more/|accessdate=5 November 2023|website=Blazon Magazine|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=4 October 2022|title=DJ Zinhle and hubby Murdah Bongz tease new single featuring Nkosazana Daughter|url=https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/music/local/dj-zinhle-and-hubby-murdah-bongz-tease-new-single-featuring-nkosazana-daughter-bb01916c-e979-40ca-9fb4-cbd855e4cceb|website=iol}}</ref> U tirhisanile na Master KG na Lowsheen eka "Sofa Silahlane", leyi humesiweke hi ti 12 Mudyaxihi hi lembe ra 2022. Risimu leri ri fikelele nomboro ya 1 eka ti "Local iTunes Charts ta Apple". <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=|title=LISTEN : 'Amapiano helped me find my voice' — Nkosazana Daughter reflects on her career|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2023-08-28-listen--amapiano-helped-me-find-my-voice--nkosazana-daughter-reflects-on-her-career/|accessdate=5 November 2023|website=TimesLIVE|language=en-ZA}}</ref> <ref name=":4">{{Cite web|last=Import|first=Pongrass|date=9 September 2023|title='Amapiano helped me' – Nkosazana Daughter|url=https://www.citizen.co.za/middelburg-observer/lifestyle/2023/09/09/amapiano-helped-me-nkosazana-daughter-reveals/|accessdate=5 November 2023|website=Middelburg Observer|language=en-US}}</ref> Hi Dzivamusoko lembe ra 2022, vhidiyo ya risimu ra 'Dali Nguwe' leyi nga na Master KG yi fikelele 3 wati miliyoni wa va voni eka mavhiki manharhu. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Master KG 's 'Dali Nguwe' video reaches 3m views in just three weeks|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2022-04-17-master-kg-s-dali-nguwe-video-reaches-3m-views-in-just-three-weeks/|accessdate=5 November 2023|website=TimesLIVE|language=en-ZA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title='Do you expect KFC to taste like Nando's?' Master KG on claims his beats sound the same|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2022-08-22-do-you-expect-kfc-to-taste-like-nandos-master-kg-on-claims-his-beats-sound-the-same/|accessdate=5 November 2023|website=TimesLIVE|language=en-ZA}}</ref> Hi Khotavuxika 2023, alibamu ya yena yo sungula ya situdiyo yi humesiwile, <ref>{{Cite web|last=Ngenyane|first=Andiswa|title=Nkosazana Daughter is UNSTOPPABLE!|url=https://www.snl24.com/dailysun/celebs/amapiano-artist-nkosazana-daughter-has-a-new-album-uthingo-lwe-nkosazana-20230711|accessdate=5 November 2023|website=Daily Sun|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|last=Ndlovu|first=Nelly|date=24 June 2023|title=Nkosazana Daughter Emotional After Her Debut Album Hit Top 3|url=https://news365.co.za/nkosazana-daughter-emotional/|accessdate=5 November 2023|website=News365.co.za|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":5">{{Cite web|date=14 July 2023|title=Watch South Africa's Nkosazana Daughter, Master KG, and Lowsheen's video 'Ring Ring Ring' – GRUNGECAKE™|url=https://grungecake.com/nkosazana-daughter-master-kg-lowsheen-ring-ring-ring/articles/101366|accessdate=5 November 2023|website=grungecake.com|language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref name=":8">{{Cite web|date=30 June 2023|title=Apple Music's latest Africa Rising recipient is Amapiano singer-songwriter, Nkosazana Daughter|url=https://texxandthecity.com/2023/06/apple-musics-latest-africa-rising-recipient-is-amapiano-singer-songwriter-nkosazana-daughter/|accessdate=5 November 2023|website=Texx and the City|language=en-US}}</ref> naswona yi nghenile eka nomboro ya 34 eka tialibamu ta "Spotify Top", <ref>{{Cite web|date=2 July 2022|title=Spotify headlines artists dominating charts|url=https://www.iol.co.za/the-star/news/spotify-headlines-artists-dominating-charts-11169edd-0e85-4a97-a081-3e85aaa4d720|website=iol.co.za}}</ref> naswona yi sungule eka nomboro ya 3 e Afrika-Dzonga.{{Kulaveka vumbhoni|date=November 2023}} U tlangile [[Malawi|e Malawi]], <ref name=":6">{{Cite web|last=Kalumbi|first=Mike|date=3 December 2022|title=Nkosazana Daughter arrives in Malawi Malawi 24 {{!}} Latest News from Malawi|url=https://malawi24.com/2022/12/03/nkosazana-daughter-arrives-in-malawi/|accessdate=5 November 2023|website=Malawi 24|language=en-US}}</ref> [[Zimbabwe]], <ref name=":7">{{Cite web|date=8 July 2023|title=Nkosazana Daughter jets in for Gwanda Sow|url=https://www.chronicle.co.zw/nkosazana-daughter-jets-in-for-gwanda-show/|website=chronicle.co.zw}}</ref> [[Muzambhiki|Mozambique]], United States na matiko man’wana yo hlayanyana. [[Category:Living people]] 7e8eso0mdqwanv5k2w8r35ax883xq9v 0 8315 42950 2026-09-30T11:04:03Z NastyB innit 12496 Created page with "Ngati [[File:Human blood film with acanthocytes 01.jpg|thumb|''Ngati ya munhu'']] Ngati yi endla kwalomu ka 8% wa ntiko wa miri wa munhu. Yina ti erythrocytes, ti leucocytes, ti thrombocytes (platelets) na plasma. Tiphesente ta volume ya ti cells hinkwato ta ngati eka ngati hinkwayo ti kwalomu ka 45% wa vanhu lavakulu (hematocrit). Leswi seleke swi vumbiwa hi plasma ya mati (e.g. mati, ti protein ta plasma, ti electrolytes na swin’wana). Ngati yi vumbiwa hi: Tisele. S..." 42950 wikitext text/x-wiki Ngati [[File:Human blood film with acanthocytes 01.jpg|thumb|''Ngati ya munhu'']] Ngati yi endla kwalomu ka 8% wa ntiko wa miri wa munhu. Yina ti erythrocytes, ti leucocytes, ti thrombocytes (platelets) na plasma. Tiphesente ta volume ya ti cells hinkwato ta ngati eka ngati hinkwayo ti kwalomu ka 45% wa vanhu lavakulu (hematocrit). Leswi seleke swi vumbiwa hi plasma ya mati (e.g. mati, ti protein ta plasma, ti electrolytes na swin’wana). Ngati yi vumbiwa hi: Tisele. Swiphemu swa tisele. Nkatsakanyo wa mati (plasma).Ntirho Ku susiwa ka murhumiwa na thyaka Ngati i xitirhisiwa xa nkoka swinene xo fambisa emirini wa munhu. Yi fambisa tigasi (oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen etc.) xikan’we na swakudya (metabolism) na switirhisiwa swohetelela swa metabolism ya ti cell. Hikwalaho ngati yi ni ntirho wo tiyisekisa ku cincana ka swilo. Yinyika ti tissues ti gasi ta ngati na swakudya naswona hiku cincana yi fambisa switirhisiwa swohetelela (e.g. carbon dioxide, urea, uric acid, creatinine etc.) kuya eka swirho leswi herisaka (lung, liver, kidney). Ku tlula kwalaho, yi rhwala varhumiwa va tikhemikhali (tihomoni) eka swirho leswi va swi kongomisaka. Ku ringanisela ka Acid-Base Homeostasis ya acid-base yi lawuriwa engatini hiku hangalaka ka tigasi exikarhi ka ti alveoli na ngati eka mahahu (alveolar diffusion) oxygen yi hangalaka kusuka eka ti alveoli kuya engatini hikokwalaho ka concentration gradient. Yi tekiwa hi protein leyi rhwalelaka hemoglobin (hem = leyingana iron, globin = protein). Kuhambana na sweswo carbon dioxide yi hangalaka kusuka engatini kuya eka ti alveoli hikokwalaho ka nhlayo yale henhla ya ngati laha yi hefemuriwaka kona. Mphakelo wa okisijini na ku susiwa ka khaboni-dayokisayidi Ngati yi fambisa okisijini leyi humaka eka ti- alveoli yi ya eka tisele ta le kule swinene ta miri. Hikwalaho ka ntshikelelo wa le henhla wa gasi eka plasma (loko yi pimanisiwa ni tisele), yi hangalaka yi ya eka tinyama. Carbon dioxide yi hangalaka kusuka eka ti cells kuya engatini hikokwalaho ka ntshikelelo wale henhla wa gasi eka tissue. Laha yi hundza eka ku cinca ka tikhemikhali naswona yi endla carbonic acid (CO2 + H2O → H2CO3) leyi hambanisaka kuva hydrogen ion (H+) na bicarbonate (HCO3-). Xisweswo xiendliwa xo hetelela xa metabolism carbon dioxide yi fambisiwa hi xivumbeko xa carbonic acid (kumbe ku vula hydrogen ion na bicarbonate). Eka mahahu, ku cinca ka tikhemikhali loku boxiweke laha henhla ku tlhelela endzhaku kutani ku humesiwa khaboni-dayokisayidi. Ku katsakanya ngati yi lawula acid-base homeostasis hi ku cincana ka gasi. Ngati yitlhela yiva na vutihlamuleri eka homeostasis, e.g. ku ringanisela mati exikarhi ka ti- capillary ta ngati hi tlhelo rin’we ni ndhawu ya le ndzeni ka sele ni ya le handle ka sele hi tlhelo rin’wana. Nakambe yi hlayisa mahiselo ya miri lama nga cinciki. == Swihlovo leswi tirisiweke == https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/the-blood<ref>{{Cite web|title=Blood|url=https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/the-blood|accessdate=2026-09-30|website=Kenhub|language=en}}</ref> 6vn736apgtfvmbmffgt0nae6khte24q 0 8316 42951 2026-09-30T11:11:37Z Scotch Neverdie 12518 Created page with "Makombankule Hakunene makombankule (thelevhixini) i yin’wana ya matimba lama nga ni nkucetelo swinene enkarhini wa hina. Hi ku tirhisa xitirhisiwa lexi vuriwaka thelevhixini kumbe TV, u kota ku kuma mahungu, mintlangu, vuhungasi, rungula ni swinavetiso. Muamerika wa xiyimo xa le henhla u heta tiawara timbirhi na ntlhanu hi siku a namarhetiwe eka &amp;quot;the tube&amp;quot;!<ref name=":1">https://electronics.howstuffworks.com/tv.htm</ref> Xana u tshame u tivutisa hi..." 42951 wikitext text/x-wiki Makombankule Hakunene makombankule (thelevhixini) i yin’wana ya matimba lama nga ni nkucetelo swinene enkarhini wa hina. Hi ku tirhisa xitirhisiwa lexi vuriwaka thelevhixini kumbe TV, u kota ku kuma mahungu, mintlangu, vuhungasi, rungula ni swinavetiso. Muamerika wa xiyimo xa le henhla u heta tiawara timbirhi na ntlhanu hi siku a namarhetiwe eka &amp;quot;the tube&amp;quot;!<ref name=":1">https://electronics.howstuffworks.com/tv.htm</ref> Xana u tshame u tivutisa hi thekinoloji leyi endlaka leswaku makombandlela(thelevhixini) yi koteka? Swi tise ku yini leswaku tichannel to tala kumbe madzana ya vhidiyo leyi famba-fambaka hi ku helela ti fika endlwini ya wena, eka swiyimo swo tala mahala? Xana thelevhixini ya wena yi swi decode njhani swikombiso leswaku yi humesa xifaniso? Xana swikombiso leswintshwa swa thelevhixini ya xidijitali swi ta swi cinca njhani swilo?<ref>https://electronics.howstuffworks.com/tv.htm</ref> Loko u tshame u tivutisa hi thelevhixini ya wena (kumbe, hi mhaka yoleyo, hi monitara wa khompyuta ya wena), kutani hlaya emahlweni! Eka xihloko lexi, hi ta hlamula swivutiso leswi hinkwaswo ni swin’wana. Vona tluka leri landzelaka leswaku u sungula.<ref>https://electronics.howstuffworks.com/tv.htm</ref> yi hipfuna kuva hi tshama hi lemukisiwini ni vuhungasi <ref name=":1" /> [[File:Makombankule.webp]] == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == <ref>https://electronics.howstuffworks.com/tv.htm</ref>https://electronics.howstuffworks.com/tv.htm [[Category:Makombankule]] 00td1fceoucnizj6gm6m4kwgz6scglv 0 8317 42954 2026-09-30T11:22:39Z Blaq centia 12476 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1344834844|Mall of Africa]]" 42954 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Doroba ra Africa''' i ndzhawu ya mavhengele leyi kumekaka eka dorobakulu ra Waterfall e Midrand [[Gauteng|"Gauteng]]" . I ndzhawu ya vunharhu hi vukulu bya mavhengele ya xiyenge xin’we leyi akiweke e Afrika. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-08-13|title=Atterbury develops SA's biggest single-phase shopping mall|url=http://www.moneyweb.co.za/archive/atterbury-develops-sas-biggest-singlephase-shoppin/|accessdate=2016-04-28|website=Moneyweb|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Mall of Africa gets massive Wi Fi network|url=http://www.fin24.com/Tech/News/mall-of-africa-gets-massive-wi-fi-network-20160428|accessdate=2016-04-28|website=Fin24}}</ref> Doroba leri rina 130,000 wa swikwere mitara swa ndzhawu hinkwayo ya vuxavisi. Doroba ra Africa rina swiyimo swimbirhi leswikulu swa vuxavisi, xikan’we na ndzhawu yo dyela kona yale handle leyi hlanganisaka hiku kongoma na phaka ya dorobakulu ra Waterfall. rkczdehsldsage3ro97ccdw2tmf0v4h 0 8318 42955 2026-09-30T11:25:18Z BennyPres 12499 Created page with "'''Ndzati wa Mitsengo''' '''Ndzati''' wa mitsengo i mhaka leyi khumbaka vanhu vo tala eka masiku lawa. Mitsengo ya [[swakudya]], swo ambala, vutleketli na swilo swin’wana swa nkoka yi ya yi tlakuka. Ku tlakuka ka mitsengo swi endla leswaku vanhu va tirhisa mali yo tala ku xava swilo leswi va swi lavaka siku ni siku. Mindyangu leyi nga na mali yitsongo yi tala ku khumbeka ngopfu hi ndzati wa mitsengo. Van’wana va boheka ku hunguta swilo leswi va swi xavaka kumbe va..." 42955 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ndzati wa Mitsengo''' '''Ndzati''' wa mitsengo i mhaka leyi khumbaka vanhu vo tala eka masiku lawa. Mitsengo ya [[swakudya]], swo ambala, vutleketli na swilo swin’wana swa nkoka yi ya yi tlakuka. Ku tlakuka ka mitsengo swi endla leswaku vanhu va tirhisa mali yo tala ku xava swilo leswi va swi lavaka siku ni siku. Mindyangu leyi nga na mali yitsongo yi tala ku khumbeka ngopfu hi ndzati wa mitsengo. Van’wana va boheka ku hunguta swilo leswi va swi xavaka kumbe va lava tindlela to hlayisa mali. Ku tlakuka ka mitsengo ya swakudya swi nga tlhela swi endla leswaku mindyangu yi cinca ndlela leyi yi xava ni ku lunghisa swakudya ha yona.<ref>https://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=19933</ref> I swa nkoka leswaku vanhu va dyondza ku tirhisa mali hi vutlhari. Ku endla mpimanyeto wa [[mali]] ku ringanisa mitsengo emavhengeleni yo hambana ni ku xava swilo swa nkoka swi nga pfuna mindyangu ku langutana na xiyimo lexi. Ku tirhisana ka vaaki, mabindzu na mfumo na kona i swa nkoka eka ku lavisisa tindlela to olovisa ku hanya ka vanhu.<ref>https://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=19933</ref> == Swihlovo leswi tirhisiweke == https://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=19933 c1wkqnxnqipzy8z2q2ectomv0fza9t3 0 8319 42956 2026-09-30T11:35:58Z Blaq centia 12476 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1372296030|What Happened to Monday]]" 42956 wikitext text/x-wiki Endzhaku ka rifu ra n’wana wa yena wa nhwanyana hi nkarhi wa ku veleka, Terrence Settman u kurisile vatukulu va yena va vanhwanyana va kombo lava fanaka exihundleni. Ku fihla vukona bya vona, u thyile n'wana un'wana na un'wana vito ra siku ra vhiki naswona u va letela ku hanya vutomi byo avelana ehansi ka vutivi byin'we, "Karen Settman". Makwerhu un’wana ni un’wana wa xisati u pfumeleriwa ku huma ehandle ntsena hi siku leri fambisanaka ni vito ra yena ku tiyiseka leswaku xihundla xa vona xi nga humeli ehandle. 50xrtx7gjhiowdk121kjohr5v5frgzi