Wikipedia tumwiki https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jani_likulu MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.5 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 7131 116372 110230 2026-06-07T19:12:51Z Ziv 9463 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:LIE Vaduz COA.svg]] → [[File:LIE Vaduz COA HistLex.svg]] → File replacement: update to new version ([[c:c:GR]]) 116372 wikitext text/x-wiki {{stub}} {{Infobox settlement |official_name = Vaduz |settlement_type = Municipality |image_skyline = {{Photomontage|position=center |photo1a =Vaduz.jpg |photo2a =Liechtenstein asv2022-10 img23 Vaduz Regierungsgebäude.jpg |photo2b =Vaduz-Schloss02.jpg |photo3a =2018-10-05 Liechtenstein, Vaduz, Tre Cavalli (KPFC) 05.jpg |photo3b =2018-10-05 Liechtenstein, Vaduz, Rotes Haus (KPFC) 09.jpg |photo3c =Cathedral of St. Florin - Vaduz.jpg |photo4a =Kunstmuseum Liechtenstein 1.jpg |photo4b =Landtagsgebäude des Fürstentums Liechtenstein.jpg |size = 270 |spacing = 1 |color = #FFFFFF |border = 1 }} |imagesize = |image_caption = Panoramic, Government building, Castle of Vaduz, Tre Cavalli sculpture, Rotes Haus, Cathedral of St. Florin, Liechtenstein Museum of Fine Arts, House of Parliament |image_flag = Flag of Vaduz Liechtenstein-1.svg |flag_size = 30px |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = LIE Vaduz COA HistLex.svg |shield_size = 100px |motto = |image_map = Vaduz in Liechtenstein.svg |mapsize = 150px |map_caption = Vaduz and its exclaves in Liechtenstein |pushpin_map = |pushpin_label_position = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none --> |coordinates = {{coord|47.141|N|9.521|E|region:LI-11|display=inline,title}} |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = [[Liechtenstein]] |subdivision_type1 = [[Electoral district]] |subdivision_type2 = [[:Category:Villages of Liechtenstein|Villages]] |subdivision_type3 = |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name1 = [[Oberland (electoral district)|Oberland]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Ebenholz]], [[Mühleholz]] |subdivision_name3 = |subdivision_name4 = |established_title = <!-- Settled --> |established_date = |established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (town) --> |established_date2 = |established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> |established_date3 = |government_type = |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = Manfred Bischof ([[Progressive Citizens' Party|FBP]]) |leader_title1 = <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager --> |leader_name1 = |unit_pref = <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired--> |area_footnotes = |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = 17.3 |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_km2 = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags--> |elevation_m = 455 |elevation_ft = |population_total = 5,696 |population_as_of = 31-12-2019 |population_footnotes = <ref name="llv.li">{{cite web|url=https://www.llv.li/files/as/bevolkerungsstatistik-vorlaufige-ergebnisse-31-dezember-2019.pdf|title=Bevölkerungsstatistik: Vorläufige Ergebnisse 31. Dezember 2019|website=Llv.li|access-date=13 August 2020}}</ref> |population_density_km2 = 330 |population_density_sq_mi = |population_note = |postal_code_type = Postal code |postal_code = 9490 |area_code = 7001 |iso_code = LI-11 |website = [http://www.vaduz.li/en www.vaduz.li] |footnotes = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |leader_title4 = |leader_name4 = |timezone = CET |utc_offset = +1 |timezone_DST = CEST |utc_offset_DST = +2 }} '''Vaduz''' ni msumba ukulu wa boma mu chalo cha [[Liechtenstein]]. ==Ukaboni== {{Reflist}} {{Liechtenstein-geo-stub}} {{Misumba ya boma ya Ulaya (Europe)}} [[Category:Misumba ya boma ya Ulaya (Europe)]] [[Category:Ulaya(Europe)|Ulaya]] [[Category:Liechtenstein]] kucy3vhe7xpg6edg26stcw9jf8xa2za 0 11266 116374 115167 2026-06-08T10:58:37Z CommonsDelinker 72 Replacing Downtown_Miami_Panorama_from_the_Rusty_Pelican_photo_D_Ramey_Logan.jpg with [[File:Downtown_Miami_Panorama_from_the_Rusty_Pelican_photo_Don_Ramey_Logan.jpg]] (by [[:c:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[ 116374 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|City in Florida, US}} {{about|the city in Florida}} {{Use mdy dates|date=October 2022}} {{Infobox settlement | name = Miami | official_name = | subdivision_type = Country | settlement_type = [[List of municipalities in Florida|City]] | named_for = [[Miami River (Florida)|Miami River]], ultimately derived from [[Mayaimi]] | image_skyline = {{Multiple image | perrow = 1/2/2/2 | total_width = 295 | caption_align = center | image1 = Downtown Miami Panorama from the Rusty Pelican photo Don Ramey Logan.jpg | caption1 = [[Greater Downtown Miami|Downtown Miami]] panorama | image4 = Miami Freedom Tower by Tom Schaefer 3.jpg | caption4 = [[Freedom Tower (Miami)|Freedom Tower]] | image5 = American Airlines Arena, Miami, FL, jjron 29.03.2012.jpg | caption5 = [[Kaseya Center]] | image3 = Villa Vizcaya 20110228.jpg | caption3 = [[Vizcaya Museum and Gardens]] | image6 = Port of Miami 20071208.jpg | caption6 = [[PortMiami]] | border = infobox }} | image_flag = Flag of Miami, Florida.svg | image_seal = Seal of Miami, Florida.svg | image_blank_emblem = Logo of Miami, Florida.svg | blank_emblem_type = Logo | nicknames = ''The [[Area code 305|305]]'', ''Magic City'', ''Gateway to the Americas'', ''Gateway to [[Latin America]]'', ''Capital of Latin America''<ref name="time.com">{{Cite magazine |date=December 2, 1993 |title=Miami: the Capital of Latin America |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,979733,00.html |url-status=dead |magazine=Time |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071224184503/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,979733,00.html |archive-date=December 24, 2007}}</ref> and ''Vice City'' <!-- maps and coordinates -->| image_map = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=y|frame-width=290|frame-height=270|frame-align=center|stroke-width=3|zoom=10|frame-lat=25.7751|frame-long=-80.2167|type=shape-inverse|stroke-color=#808080|id=Q8652|title=Miami}} | subdivision_name = [[United States]] | map_caption = Interactive map outlining Miami | pushpin_map = Florida#USA | pushpin_relief = 1 | pushpin_mapsize = 290px | pushpin_map_caption = Location within the state of Florida##Location within the United States | pushpin_label = Miami | pushpin_label_position = left | coordinates = {{coord|25.775163|N|80.208615|W|region:US-FL|display=inline,title}} | coor_pinpoint = <!-- to specify exact location of coordinates (was coor_type) --> | coordinates_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 25, 2021 |title=US Gazetteer files: 2020 |url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html |access-date=March 25, 2021 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> | area_total_sq_mi = 56.07 | subdivision_type2 = [[U.S. State|State]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Florida]] | subdivision_type3 = [[List of counties in Florida|County]] | subdivision_name3 = [[Miami-Dade County, Florida|Miami-Dade]] | established_title = Settled | established_date = After 1858{{efn|Bahamians were farming along the Miami River before 1830. Richard Fitzpatrick established a plantation there in 1830, but abandoned it when the [[Second Seminole War]] (1835–1843) began. The U.S. Army established [[Fort Dallas]] there in 1836, but left the fort in 1841. William English reopened Fitzpatrick's plantation after the war and sold city lots, but left the area at the end of the 1840s. The Army returned to the fort in 1849–1851, and again for the Third Seminole War (1855–1858).<ref>{{Cite web |last=George |first=Paul S. |date=1996 |title=Miami: Three Hundred Years of History |url=http://www.historymiami.org/fastspot/research-miami/topics/history-of-miami/index.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210728132624/http://www.historymiami.org/fastspot/research-miami/topics/history-of-miami/index.html |archive-date=July 28, 2021 |access-date=May 28, 2021 |website=HistoryMiami}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Shappee |first=Nathan D. |date=1961 |title=Fort Dallas and the Naval Depot on Key Biscayne, 1836–1926 |url=http://digitalcollections.fiu.edu/tequesta/files/1961/61_1_02.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=Tequesta |volume=21 |pages=13–40 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210826152615/http://digitalcollections.fiu.edu/tequesta/files/1961/61_1_02.pdf |archive-date=August 26, 2021 |access-date=May 28, 2021 |via=Florida International University Digital Collections}}</ref>}} | established_title1 = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]] | established_date1 = July 28, 1896 | government_type = [[Mayor–council government|Mayor–Commission]] | governing_body = | founder = [[Julia Tuttle]] | leader_title = [[List of mayors of Miami|Mayor]] | leader_name = [[Francis Suarez]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|R]]) | total_type = Total | unit_pref = Imperial | area_footnotes = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{Cite web |title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files |url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_12.txt |access-date=October 31, 2021 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}}</ref> | area_land_sq_mi = 36.00 | utc_offset1 = – 05:00 | elevation_footnotes = <!--Miami-Dade County metro--> | elevation_m = 1.8 | elevation_ft = 6 | elevation_max_m = 12.8 | elevation_max_ft = 42<!--Miami-Dade County metro--> | population_as_of = [[2020 United States census|2020]] | population_footnotes = <ref name="2020CensusPopulationByRace">{{cite web |title=P2: HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT ... - Census Bureau Table |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=P2&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2 |website=P2 &#124; HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=21 March 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> | population_total = 442241 | pop_est_as_of = 2022 | population_est = 449514 | pop_est_footnotes = <ref name="2022VintagePopulationEstimate">{{cite web |title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places in Florida: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2022 |url=https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/tables/2020-2022/cities/totals/SUB-IP-EST2022-POP-12.xlsx |website=Florida |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=27 May 2023 |date=May 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> | population_rank = [[List of United States cities by population|44th]] in the United States<br>[[List of municipalities in Florida|2nd]] in Florida | population_urban = 6,077,522 (US: [[List of United States urban areas|4th]]) | population_density_urban_km2 = 1,886.0 | population_density_urban_sq_mi = 4,884.8 | population_urban_footnotes = <ref name="urban area">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/geography/guidance/geo-areas/urban-rural.html|title=List of 2020 Census Urban Areas|website=census.gov|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=January 8, 2023}}</ref> | population_metro_footnotes = <ref name="2020Pop">{{Cite web |title=2020 Population and Housing State Data |url=https://www.census.gov/library/visualizations/interactive/2020-population-and-housing-state-data.html |access-date=August 22, 2021 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}}</ref> | population_metro = 6091747 (US: [[List of metropolitan statistical areas|9th]]) | population_density_sq_mi = 12284.47 | population_density_km2 = 4743.55 | population_demonym = Miamian | blank6_name = GDP (City, 2019) | blank6_info = $151&nbsp;billion<ref name="bea.gov">{{Cite web |date=December 9, 2020 |title=Gross Domestic Product by County, 2019 |url=https://www.bea.gov/sites/default/files/2020-12/lagdp1220_2.pdf |website=Bureau of Economic Analysis |access-date=December 9, 2020}}</ref> ([[List of US counties with GDP over 100 billion USD|14th]]) | blank7_name = [[Gross metropolitan product|GMP]] (Metro, 2020) | blank7_info = $377.5&nbsp;billion<ref>{{Cite web |title=GDP and Personal Income |url=https://apps.bea.gov/itable/iTable.cfm?ReqID=70&step=1 |access-date=August 3, 2021 |publisher=U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=U.S. metro areas – ranked by Gross Metropolitan Product (GMP) 2020 |url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/183808/gmp-of-the-20-biggest-metro-areas/ |website=Statista}}</ref> ([[List of U.S. metropolitan areas by GDP|12th]]) | timezone1 = [[Eastern Time Zone|EST]] | area_water_sq_mi = 20.08 | area_metro_sq_mi = 6137 | utc_offset1_DST = – 04:00 | postal_code_type = [[ZIP Code]]s | postal_code = 33101-33102, 33106, 33109, 33111-33112, 33114, 33116, 33119, 33122, 33124-33138, 33140-33147, 33149-33158, 33160-33170, 33172-33199, 33206, 33222, 33231, 33233-33234, 33238-33239, 33242-33243, 33245, 33247, 33255-33257, 33261, 33265-33266, 33269, 33280, 33283, 33296, 33299 | area_code = [[Area codes 305 and 786|305, 786]] | blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standards|FIPS code]] | blank_info = 12-45000 | blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID | blank1_info = {{GNIS 4|277593}}, {{GNIS 4|2411786}} | website = [https://www.miamigov.com/Home miamigov.com] | area_total_km2 = 145.23 | area_land_km2 = 93.23 | area_water_km2 = 52.00 }} '''Miami''' (Mayami) mwalamulo '''City of Miami,''' ni msumba m'mphepete mwa nyanja na malo gha Miami-Dade County ku [[South Florida]], [[United States of America]]. Ŵanthu ŵakukwana 442,241 pa census ya 2020,<ref name="2020CensusPopulationByRace" /> ni msumba waciŵiri uwo uli na ŵanthu ŵanandi comene mu [[Florida]], pamanyuma pa Jacksonville. Ni msumba ukuru comene uwo uli na ŵanthu 6.14 miliyoni, ndipo ni msumba ukuru wacitatu pa misumba yinandi ya ku Southeast kweniso wacinayi pa misumba yinandi mu United States. Msumba uwu uli na nyumba zakudikanya zakujumpha 300, ndipo 58 mwa nyumba izi ni zakudikanya mamita 150.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Skyscraper Center: Buildings in Miami |url=http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/quick-lists#q=&page=1&type=building&status=COM&status=UCT&status=STO&min_year=0&max_year=9999&region=0&country=0&city=1632 |access-date=June 18, 2019 |website=skyscrapercenter.com |publisher=[[Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat|CTBUH]]}}</ref> Miami ni msumba ukuru wa vya ndalama, malonda, mitheto, na malonda gha pa caru cose.<ref name="GAWC">{{Cite web |title=The World According to GaWC 2008 |url=http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2008t.html |access-date=March 3, 2009 |publisher=Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network, [[Loughborough University]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Inventory of World Cities |url=http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/citylist.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014191556/http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/citylist.html |archive-date=October 14, 2013 |access-date=December 1, 2007 |publisher=Globalization and World Cities (GaWC) Study Group and Network}}</ref> Chigaŵa cha Miami ndicho chili na ndalama zinandi chomene mu Florida, ndipo chiŵelengero cha ndalama izo ŵanthu ŵakuguliska mu charu ichi ni madola 344.9 biliyoni mu 2017.<ref name="bea.gov1">{{Cite web |title=Gross Domestic Product by Metropolitan Area, 2017 |url=https://www.bea.gov/system/files/2018-09/gdp_metro0918_0.pdf |access-date=October 23, 2018 |publisher=Bea.gov}}</ref> Kuyana na kafukufuku wa UBS wa 2018 wa misumba 77 ya pa caru cose, Miami ni msumba wacitatu wakuzirwa comene mu U.S. na wacitatu wakuzirwa comene pa caru cose pa nkhani ya nkhongono zakugulira. Miami ni msumba wa ŵanthu ŵachoko waka ndipo ŵanthu ŵa ku Hispanic na Latino ŵalipo 310,472, panji 70.2 peresenti ya ŵanthu wose ŵa mu msumba uwu. Msumba wa Miami uli na mabanki ghanandi comene mu U.S. ndipo muli makampani ghanandi ghakurughakuru.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Beyer |first=Scott |title=Welcome To Brickell, Miami's "Wall Street South" |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/scottbeyer/2015/05/07/welcome-to-brickell-miamis-wall-street-south/ |access-date=June 18, 2019 |website=Forbes}}</ref>Chigaŵa cha Umoyo chili na vipatala vikuruvikuru na maofesi gha vyaumoyo agho ghakukolerana na Yunivesite ya Miami, kusazgapo Jackson Memorial Hospital, chipatala chikuru chomene mu charu ichi. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami's academic medical center and teaching hospital, and others engaged in health-related care and research. Ku PortMiami, uko kuli dowoko la msumba uwu, ndiko ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakwendako pa charu chose. Ku Miami ndiko ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakuluta ku malo agha. Nyengo zinyake msumba wa Miami ukuchemeka "Mulyango wa ku Latin America" cifukwa ca malonda na mitheto iyo yikukolerana na caru ici.<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 2017 |title=Florida: Gateway to Latin America and the Caribbean |url=https://www.enterpriseflorida.com/wp-content/uploads/brief-florida-gateway-latin-america-caribbean.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210707195916/https://www.enterpriseflorida.com/wp-content/uploads/brief-florida-gateway-latin-america-caribbean.pdf |archive-date=July 7, 2021 |access-date=November 29, 2021}}</ref> Mu 2022, msumba wa Miami ukaŵa wa nambara 7 mu United States pa nkhani ya bizinesi, ndalama za ŵanthu, kusinthana na ŵanthu, kusangwa na vinthu vyakuthupi, na ndyali. Ni msumba waciŵiri uwo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakuwungana mu U.S. pamanyuma pa New York City na ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 5 miliyoni.<ref>[https://www.worldatlas.com/cities/america-s-10-most-visited-cities.html "America's 10 most visited cities"], World Atlas, September 23, 2021</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=2019 Global Cities Report |url=https://www.atkearney.com/documents/20152/2794549/A+Question+of+Talent%E2%80%942019+Global+Cities+Report.pdf/106f30b1-83db-25b3-2802-fa04343a36e4?t=1559144999157 |website=ATKearney}}</ref> == Mazina gha malo == Zina la msumba uwu lili kufuma ku lizgu lakuti Mayaimi, ilo likung'anamura Nyanja ya Okeechobee, na zina la ŵanthu ŵa ku America awo ŵakakhalanga kufupi na Nyanja iyi. Nyengo zinyake ŵanthu ŵakuchema Miami kuti The 305, Magic City, Gateway to Americas, Gateway to Latin America, Capital of Latin America na Vice City.<ref name="time.com">{{Cite magazine |date=December 2, 1993 |title=Miami: the Capital of Latin America |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,979733,00.html |url-status=dead |magazine=Time |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071224184503/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,979733,00.html |archive-date=December 24, 2007}}</ref> ==Mbili== {{Main|History of Miami}} {{For timeline|Timeline of Miami}} {{See also|National Register of Historic Places listings in Miami}} [[File:MiamiAvenue1896.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|In 1896, approximately 400 men gathered in the building pictured to the left and voted to incorporate Miami.]] [[File:Mouth of Miami River 20100211.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|The mouth of [[Miami River (Florida)|Miami River]] at [[Brickell Key]], February 2010]] Ŵanthu ŵa fuko la Tequesta ŵakakhalanga mu chigaŵa cha Miami kwa vyaka pafupifupi 2,000 pambere ŵandafike ku Europe. Mu muzi uwu mukaŵa ŵanthu ŵanandi chomene, ndipo ukaŵa wa m'ma 500-600 B.C.E. Ukaŵa pa mlomo wa mlonga wa Miami. Ŵanthu ŵakugomezga kuti fuko lose ili likaluta ku Cuba m'ma 1700.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Smith |first=Matt |date=February 4, 2014 |title=Questions of preservation after ancient village found in downtown Miami |work=CNN |url=http://www.cnn.com/2014/02/04/us/florida-indian-village/index.html?hpt=hp_c3 |access-date=February 4, 2014}}</ref> ===Settlement=== Mu 1566, mulongozgi wa ŵasilikari ŵa ku Florida, Pedro Menéndez de Avilés, wakati malo agha nga Spain. Pakati pajumpha chaka chimoza, ŵakazenga ofesi yinyake ya ku Spain. Spain na Britain ŵakalutilira kulamulira Florida m'paka mu 1821, apo Spain yikapeleka charu ichi ku United States. Mu 1836, boma la United States likazenga Fort Dallas mumphepete mwa Mlonga wa Miami, kuti likhazikiske chigaŵa cha Florida, kweniso kuti likanizge na kufumiska ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Seminole. Ici cikapangiska kuti ku Miami kuŵe nkhondo yaciŵiri ya Seminole. ===Founding=== Mu msumba wa Miami ndimo muli waka msumba ukuru wa ku United States uwo uli kuzengeka na mwanakazi. Julia Tuttle, uyo wakaŵa mulimi wa vipasi ndipo wakaŵa musambazi wa ku Cleveland, ndiyo wakaŵa mweneko wa malo agha. Kuumaliro wa vyaka vya m'ma 1800, malo agha ghakachemekanga kuti "Biscayne Bay Country". Mu nyengo ya kuzizima kukuru kwa mu 1894 na 1895, vinthu vikamba kwenda makora chomene mu msumba wa Miami. Pamanyuma, Julia Tuttle wakakhorweska Henry Flagler kuti wakhozge Florida East Coast Railway. Miami yikalembeka kuŵa msumba pa Julayi 28, 1896, ndipo ŵanthu ŵakukwana 300.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Williams |first1=Linda K. |last2=George, Paul S. |name-list-style=amp |title=South Florida: A Brief History |url=http://www.hmsf.org/history/south-florida-brief-history.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100429002717/http://www.hmsf.org/history/south-florida-brief-history.htm |archive-date=April 29, 2010 |access-date=August 24, 2009 |publisher=Historical Museum of South Florida}}</ref> ===20th century=== {{See also|Cuban migration to Miami}} Kukwambilira kwa vilimika vya m'ma 1900, ŵanthu ŵa ku Bahamas na ŵa ku Africa awo ŵakafuma ku America ndiwo ŵakaŵa 40 peresenti ya ŵanthu ŵa mu msumba uwu.:25 Apo ŵeneco ŵa nyumba ŵakamba kulekera nyumba ŵanthu ŵa ku Africa awo ŵakakhalanga mu vigaŵa vyakuzingilizga Avenue J (iyo pamasinda yikazgoka NW Fifth Avenue), gulu la ŵanalume ŵazungu awo ŵakaŵa na miliko ŵakenda mu cigaŵa ici na kucenjezga ŵanthu kuti ŵafumemo mu nyumba zawo panji ŵabombe.:33 Mu ma 1920, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakakhalanga ku Miami, ndipo vinthu vikenda makora chifukwa ŵanthu ŵa kumpoto ŵakasamira mu msumba uwu. Vinthu ivi vikapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵaleke kugomezga fundo za Jim Crow. Mulara wa ŵapolisi wa ku Miami, H. Leslie Quigg, wakabisanga yayi kuti iyo, nga ni ŵapolisi ŵanyake ŵazungu ŵa ku Miami, wakaŵa mu gulu la Ku Klux Klan. Nchakukondweska kuti ŵasilikari aŵa ŵakalondezganga fundo za mu Baibolo. Mwaciyelezgero, Quigg "wakathyapura mwanalume munyake wa mtundu unyake pa wumba cifukwa ca kuyowoya na mwanakazi muzungu".<ref name="Concrete">{{Cite book |last=Connolly |first=Nathan |title=A World More Concrete: Real Estate and the Remaking of Jim Crow South Florida |publisher=University of Chicago Press |year=2014}}</ref>{{rp|53}}<ref>{{Cite news |title=Miami Police chief is jailed for murder joins 5 other officers |work=The New York Times |date=March 24, 1928 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1928/03/24/archives/miami-police-chief-is-jailed-for-murder-joins-5-other-officers.html}}</ref> Nkhondo ya ku Florida iyo yikachitika mu 1920, chimphepo cha Miami icho chikachitika mu 1926, na suzgo likuru la vyachuma ilo likachitika mu 1930, vikapangiska kuti vinthu vileke kwenda makora. Nkhondo Yachiŵiri ya pa Charu Chose yikati yamba, msumba wa Miami ukazgoka msasa wa ŵasilikari ŵa boma la United States kuti ŵavikilire msumba uwu ku sitima za pasi pa nyanja za Germany. Ici cikapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵa mu msumba wa Miami ŵasazgikire; mu 1940, mu msumba uwu mukaŵa ŵanthu 172,172. Ŵanthu awo ŵakizanga mu tawuni iyi mu nyengo ya chiwuvi ŵakayowoya kuti tawuni iyi yikakura chomene chaka na chaka mwakuti yikaŵa nga ni maji.<ref name="MDInfocenter">{{cite web |title=Miami-Dade County&nbsp;– Information Center |url=http://www.miamidade.gov/infocenter/about_miami-dade_history.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080225012927/http://www.miamidade.gov/infocenter/about_miami-dade_history.asp |archive-date=February 25, 2008 |access-date=April 18, 2008 |publisher=[[Miami-Dade County, Florida|Miami-Dade County]]}}</ref> Fidel Castro wakati wafika pa mazaza mu Cuba mu 1959, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵasambazi ŵa ku Cuba ŵakachimbilira ku Miami. Msumba uwu ukaŵa wakuzirwa comene mu ma 1970, comenecomene mu 1972. Mu chigaŵa ichi mukaŵa maungano gha Democratic na Republican National Convention mu 1972 Presidential election. Ŵa Miami Dolphins nawo ŵakalemba mbiri na nyengo yawo yambura kuthereskeka. Mu nyengo iyi, masukulu gha ku malo agha ghakasintha chomene ndipo msumba uwu ukaŵa na ŵanthu ŵanandi. Miami nayo wakapangaso mabizinesi ghaphya na vinthu vinyake vyakukhozga umoyo wa ŵanthu mu New South mu ma 1980 na 1990. Pa nyengo yeneyiyo pera, kumwera kwa Florida kukaŵa masuzgo ghanyake agho ghakamba chifukwa cha nkhondo ya kunjizga minkhwala yakuzweteska wongo. Nyengo zinyake pakaŵanga mphindano pakati pa ŵanthu ŵa mitundu yakupambanapambana, kweni mu hafu yaumaliro ya m'ma 1900, msumba uwu ukazgoka msumba ukuru wa vyachuma, na wa mitheto. Ni msumba ukuru comene waciŵiri mu U.S. uwo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakutemwa kuyowoya Cisipanishi (panji kuti ndiwo ukujumpha El Paso, Texas), ndipo ndiwo msumba ukuru comene uwo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakutemwa kuyowoya Cuban-American.<ref>{{cite news |last=Reed |first=Roy |date=March 3, 1976 |title=Wallace Pressing the Abortion Issue |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1976/03/03/archives/wallace-pressing-the-abortion-issue.html}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated1">U.S. Census, 2010 (Ethnicity) and Census American Community Survey 2008 (language).</ref> ==Makhalilo== Mzinda wa Miami uli pakati pa mapiri gha Everglades kumanjiliro gha dazi na Biscayne Bay kumafumiro gha dazi. Malo agha ghali pachanya pa nyanja mamita 1.8 mu vigaŵa vinandi, chomenechomene mumphepete mwa nyanja. Malo ghapacanya comene ghakusangika mumphepete mwa Miami Rock Ridge, iyo yili kusi kwa chigaŵa chikuru ca kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Miami. Chigaŵa chikuru cha msumba uwu chili mumphepete mwa nyanja ya Biscayne Bay, iyo yili na virwa vinandi vyachilengiwa na vyakupangika. Mphepo ya Gulf Stream, iyo ni nyanja yakuzizima, yikwenda mtunda wa makilomita 24 kufuma ku mtunda wa ku mpoto, ndipo nyengo ya mu msumba uwu njakuzizima chaka chose.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Miami, Florida metropolitan area as seen from STS-62 |url=http://images.jsc.nasa.gov/luceneweb/caption_direct.jsp?photoId=STS062-85-026 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071201191110/http://images.jsc.nasa.gov/luceneweb/caption_direct.jsp?photoId=STS062-85-026 |archive-date=December 1, 2007 |access-date=August 19, 2007 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]]}}</ref> ===Geology=== Malibwe agho ghali pasi pa malo agha ghakuchemeka Miami oolite panji miyala ya malibwe ya ku Miami. Malibwe agha ghali na dongo litali chomene ndipo ghakukwana mamita 15. Malibwe gha ku Miami ghakaŵako cifukwa ca kusintha kukuru kwa nyanja uko kukacitika mu nyengo ya ciwuvi. Vyaka 130,000 ivyo vyajumpha, maji gha mu nyanja ghakakwera mamita 8 kuluska umo ghaliri sono. Kumwera kose kwa Florida kukaŵa maji ghanandi yayi. Ku Florida kukaŵa malibwe ghanandi agho ghakaŵa pafupi na malo agho sono ni Miami na Dry Tortugas. Malo agho ghakaŵa kuseri kwa malibwe agha, ghakaŵa nyanja yikuru, ndipo malibwe gha miyala yakuchemeka Miami ghakafuma mu malo agha. Kwamba vyaka 100,000 ivyo vyajumpha, nyengo ya chiwuvi ya Wisconsin yikamba kuchepeska nyanja, ndipo pasi pa nyanja pakavumbukwa. Vyaka 15,000 ivyo vyajumpha, maji gha mu nyanja ghakaŵa kuti ghajumpha pa mamita 90 m'paka 110. Kufuma apo, nyanja yikakwera mwaluŵiro chomene, ndipo vyaka 4,000 ivyo vyajumpha, yikaŵa nga umo yiliri sono.<ref name="geology">{{Cite web |title=Miami Geology |url=http://www.miami-americabeach.com/about_us/Miami_Geology.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314102309/http://www.miami-americabeach.com/about_us/Miami_Geology.html |archive-date=March 14, 2017 |access-date=April 3, 2019 |website=miami-americabeach.com}}</ref> Pasi pa dambo ili pali maji gha Biscayne Aquifer, agho ghakwenda kufuma kumwera kwa chigaŵa cha Palm Beach m'paka ku Florida Bay. Likwiza kufupi comene na msumba wa Miami Springs na Hialeah. Chigaŵa chikuru cha Miami chikupokera maji kufuma ku Biscayne Aquifer. Chifukwa cha maji agha, ntchakusuzga kukumba pasi pa msumba uwu kwambura kukumana na maji. Pa cifukwa ici, misewu ya mu msumba wa Miami na yapafupi nayo njakukwezgeka. Chigaŵa chikuru cha kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa msumba uwu chili mumphepete mwa chigaŵa cha Everglades. Viyuni ivi vikunjira mu mizi ya ku Miami na mu misewu yikuruyikuru.<ref name="geology" /> ===Cityscape=== {{See also|List of tallest buildings in Miami|Miami Modern architecture}} {{Wide image|Downtown Miami Panorama from the Rusty Pelican photo Don Ramey Logan.jpg|800px|[[Greater Downtown Miami|Downtown Miami]] seen from [[Virginia Key]], 2014}} {{Wide image|Downtown Miami, Miami, FL, USA - panoramio (15).jpg|800px|Northern [[Greater Downtown Miami|Downtown Miami]] overlooking [[Interstate 95]], 2014}} {{Wide image|DowntownMiamiPanorama.jpg|800px|[[Greater Downtown Miami|Downtown]] as seen from [[PortMiami]], 2009}} ====Neighborhoods==== {{Main|Neighborhoods in Miami}}{{stack|float=right| [[File:Miamihighpoint.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|View from one of the higher points in Miami, west of [[Greater Downtown Miami|Downtown Miami]]. The highest natural point in the city of Miami is in [[Coconut Grove]], near [[Biscayne Bay]] along the [[Miami Rock Ridge]] at {{convert|24|ft|m}} [[Metres above sea level|above sea level]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Whitman |first=Dean |date=September 1997 |title=Notes on the geology and Water Resources of South Florida |url=http://www2.fiu.edu/~whitmand/Courses/Fl_geo_notes.html |access-date=January 11, 2011 |website=Notes on Florida Geology |publisher=[[Florida International University]]}}</ref>]] [[File:Old U.S. Post Office and Courthouse (Miami, Florida).jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|The historic district of [[Greater Downtown Miami|Downtown Miami]] is one of the city's oldest with buildings constructed as far back as 1896.]] [[File:Miami neighborhoodsmap.png|thumb|upright=1.2|Map of Miami neighborhoods]] }} Miami yili kugaŵika mu vigaŵa vya kumpoto, kumwera, kumanjiliro gha dazi, na Downtown. Msumba uwu uli na chigaŵa chakuchemeka Downtown Miami, icho chili kumafumiro gha dazi kwa msumba uwu. Msumba wa Miami ndiwo ni msumba ukuru comene wa boma la Florida, ndipo uli na mabanki ghanandi, makhoti, malo ghakusungirako vinthu vya ndalama, malo ghakusangulukira, masukulu, mapaki, na ŵanthu ŵanandi. Mu Brickell Avenue ndimo muli mabanki ghanandi gha vyaru vyakupambanapambana mu United States. Kumpoto cha kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Downtown kuli chigaŵa cha Health District, icho chili pakati pa chipatala cha Miami, maofesi gha kafukufuku na biotechnology, pamoza na vipatala nga ni Jackson Memorial Hospital, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, na University of Miami's Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine.<ref name="neighborhoods">{{Cite web |title=Neighborhoods in Miami |url=http://www.miami-americabeach.com/about_us/Neighborhoods_in_Miami.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314095512/http://www.miami-americabeach.com/about_us/Neighborhoods_in_Miami.html |archive-date=March 14, 2017 |access-date=April 1, 2019 |website=miami-americabeach.com}}</ref> Ku chigaŵa cha kumwera kwa Miami kuli mizi ya Coral Way, The Roads, na Coconut Grove. Ku Coral Way kuli malo ghakukhalako agho ghakazengeka mu 1922 pakati pa Downtown na Coral Gables. Coconut Grove, yikazengeka mu 1825, ndipo yikaŵa malo ghakusangwa na mizi. Mu msumba uwu ndimo muli Nyumba ya Ufumu ya Miami pa Dinner Key, Coconut Grove Playhouse, CocoWalk, na Coconut Grove Convention Center. Mu tawuni iyi muli malo ghanandi ghakusungirako vyakusanguluska, malo ghakurya, na mashopu. Coconut Grove yikumanyikwa na mapaki na minda yinandi, nga ni Vizcaya Museum, The Kampong, The Barnacle Historic State Park, na nyumba zinyake zinandi. Ku chigaŵa cha kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Miami kuli vigaŵa vya Little Havana, West Flagler, na Flagami. Nangauli nyengo yinyake chigaŵa ichi chikaŵa cha Ŵayuda, kweni mazuŵa ghano ŵanthu ŵakufuma ku Central America na Cuba ndiwo ŵakukhala ku chigaŵa cha Miami. Ku chigaŵa cha kumpoto kwa Miami kuli Midtown, chigaŵa icho chili na ŵanthu ŵakupambanapambana. Chigaŵa cha Edgewater mu Midtown chili na nyumba zikuruzikuru ndipo kuli Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts. Wynwood ni cigaŵa ca luso ico cili na magalasi 10 mu malo ghakusungiramo vinthu ghakale, kweniso vili na vithuzithuzi vikuru vyakutowa. Ŵanthu ŵasambazi ŵa ku Miami ŵakukhala mu chigaŵa cha Design District na Upper Eastside, uko kuli nyumba zinandi za m'ma 1920 kweniso viyelezgero vya nyumba za miziyamu za ku Miami mu chigaŵa cha MiMo Historic District. Ku chigaŵa cha kumpoto kwa Miami kuli ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵali kufuma ku vyaru vya Africa na Caribbean, kusazgapo Little Haiti, Overtown (uko kuli Lyric Theater), na Liberty City.<ref name="neighborhoods" /> ===Nyengo=== {{Main|Climate of Miami}} [[File:Miamisummershower.png|thumb|upright=1.2|Summer afternoon thunderstorm rolling into Miami from the [[Everglades]], July 2006]] Miami wali na mphepo ya mphepo ya tropical monsoon (Köppen climate classification Am) na chihanya chamoto na chakumera na nyengo yakuzizima.<ref name="Miami, Florida">{{Cite web |title=Weather: Miami, Florida |url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=20227&cityname=Miami%2C+Florida%2C+United+States+of+America&units= |access-date=March 30, 2015 |website=Weatherbase}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=World Map of Köppen−Geiger Climate Classification |url=http://koeppen-geiger.vu-wien.ac.at/pdf/kottek_et_al_2006_A4.pdf}}</ref> Msumba uwu uli pa mtunda wa nyanja, uli mumphepete mwa nyanja, uli pachanya pa Tropic of Cancer, ndipo uli pafupi na Gulf Stream. Nyengo yakuzizima, kufuma mu Disembala m'paka mu Malichi, kukuzizima chomene. Mwezi wa Janyuwale ndiwo ngwakuzizima chomene, ndipo zuŵa lililose ŵakuzizima chomene. Kuzizima kwa nyengo ya chiwuvi kukuchepera 10 °C kwa maora ghatatu panji ghanayi. Ku Miami kuli nyengo ziŵiri, nyengo yakuzizima na yakuzizima kufuma mu Meyi m'paka Okutobala, kweniso nyengo yakuzizima na yakuzizima kufuma mu Novembala m'paka Epulero. Mu nyengo yakuzizima na ya chivula, zuŵa lililose kukuwa ŵaleza. Nyengo ya vula ku Miami yikulongosoreka kuti ni nyengo iyo chiwuvi chikuŵa pachanya pa 21 °C. Nyengo ya vula yikwamba pa zuŵa lakwamba, panji para pajumpha mazuŵa ghachoko waka. Mwakuyana waka, vula yikuchepa chomene ku Miami para vula ya muhanya yose yafika pa 21°C panji kusi. Kufuma mu 1956 m'paka mu 1997, nyengo ya chihanya yikambanga pa Epulero 16 m'paka Juni 3. Mu vyaka ivi, nyengo ya chihanya yikamaranga pa Seputembala 24 m'paka Novembala 1. Mu nyengo ya chihanya, matenthedwe ghakukhala pakati pa 80s mpaka 90s ° F (29-35 ° C) ndipo ghakukolerana na chithukivu chikuru, nangauli nyengo zinandi muhanya, chithukivu chikuchepeskeka na ŵaleza panji mphepo ya mu nyanja iyo yikufuma ku Atlantic Ocean. Mu nyengo iyi, mu charu ichi mukulokwa maji ghanandi. Mu myezi yakuzizima, jumi likwenda kufuma pa 22°C mu Juni kufika pa 23°C mu Ogasiti. Pa Febuluwale 3, 1917, kukafika pa 27 ° F (−2.8 ° C) m'paka pa 38 ° C pa Julayi 21, 1942. Nangauli ku Miami kulije malo agho kulipo chiwuvi kufuma apo ŵakalembako, kweni mu malo ghanyake mu msumba uwu mukawa chiwuvi pa Janyuwale 19, 1977. Nyengo yakuzizima iyo yikaŵako mu United States mu Disembala 1989 yikaŵa ya 45 °F (7 °C). Nyengo zinyake, mu usiku umoza, maji ghakututuka chomene ghakaŵanga madigiri 29. Kuŵapo kwa nyengo ya chihanya yikulongora kuti nyengo ya chihanya yikwenda makora. Nyengo ya chimphepo yikwamba pa Juni 1 m'paka pa Novembala 30, nangauli nyengo iyi yingajumpha. Nyengo yiwemi comene yakuti cimphepo ici cikhwaske msumba wa Miami ni apo nyengo ya ku Cape Verde yili paheni comene, pakati pa Ogasiti na kuumaliro wa Seputembala. Nangauli mu chigaŵa ichi vikusuzga chomene kuwona chimphepo chikuru, kweni chimoza chikachitika mu 1925 ndipo chinyake mu 1997. Pafupifupi 40% ya nyumba za ku Miami zili kuzengeka pa malo agho kuli maji ghanandi ndipo ni malo agho ghangabwangasuka. Miami wali pasi pa chigaŵa cha 10b/11a cha dipatimenti ya vyakurya. Miami njimoza mwa misumba yikuru ya mumphepete mwa nyanja ndiposo misumba yikuru-yikuru mu United States iyo yizamukhuŵara comene na kusintha kwa nyengo. Kuyana na lipoti la 2020 la bungwe la Resources for the Future, tawuni iyi njimoza mwa misumba iyo yili pangozi chomene. Mu 2070 maji gha mu nyanja ghazamukwera kufika pa masentimita 53 m'paka 100 mu Miami, ndipo ivi vizamupangiska kuti kuŵe chimphepo chikuru, kututuka kwa maji, kweniso kuti maji gha mu tawuni ghaleke kwenda makora.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Unified Sea Level Rise Projection Southeast Florida |url=https://southeastfloridaclimatecompact.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Sea-Level-Rise-Projection-Guidance-Report_FINAL_02212020.pdf |access-date=February 11, 2022 |website=www.southeastfloridaclimatecompact.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Miami-Dade County – Environment – Impact on South Florida |url=http://www.miamidade.gov/environment/climate-change-impact.asp |access-date=November 14, 2020 |website=www.miamidade.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Luscombe |first=Richard |date=April 21, 2020 |title=Will Florida be lost forever to the climate crisis? |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/apr/21/florida-climate-crisis-sea-level-habitat-loss |access-date=November 14, 2020 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Vinthu vinyake ivyo vingachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa nyengo ni mphepo zinonono chomene na ŵaleza ŵakofya, ivyo vingapangiska chivula cha malibwe panji chimphepo chikuru. Ŵakuchitapo kanthu kuti ŵavikilire malo agha, kusazgapo kunozga malo ghakuzingilizga nyanja na kuŵikapo vigongwe, kuzengaso nyumba na misewu iyo njakukhora, na kunozga malo ghakukhalako nga ni malo ghakututuka. Mzinda wa Miami Beach waŵika ndalama zakukwana madola 500 miliyoni kuti uvikilire misewu, nyumba, na maji. Mtengo wa katundu mu msumba wa Miami ukuyana waka na mtengo wa katundu uyo wakusangika pa malo ghapacanya mu msumba uwu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Olick |first=Diana |date=August 29, 2018 |title=Rising Risks: 'Climate gentrification' is changing Miami real estate values – for better and worse |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2018/08/29/climate-gentrification-is-changing-miami-real-estate-values.html |access-date=November 14, 2020 |publisher=CNBC}}</ref> {{Miami weatherbox}} == Ŵanthu == {{Main|Demographics of Miami}} {{Further|Cuban migration to Miami}} {{US Census population |1900=1681 |1910=5471 |1920=29571 |1930=110637 |1940=172172 |1950=249276 |1960=291688 |1970=334859 |1980=346865 |1990=358648 |2000=362470 |2010=399457 |2020=442241 |estimate=449514 |estyear=2022 |align-fn=center |footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="Census">{{cite web |title=U.S. Census Bureau |url=https://www.census.gov/ |website=U.S. Census Bureau |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau}}</ref><br> 1900–1970<ref name="HistoricalCensus1890to1970">{{cite web |title=Census Counts: 1890-2020 |url=http://edr.state.fl.us/Content/local-government/data/data-a-to-z/FLmunicipalcensus.xls |website=Florida Municipal Population Census Counts: 1890 to 2020 |publisher=Office of Economic and Demographic Research, The Florida Legislature |access-date=12 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220404171529/http://edr.state.fl.us/Content/local-government/data/data-a-to-z/FLmunicipalcensus.xls |archive-date=4 April 2022 |date=2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> 1980<ref name="1980Census1">{{cite web |title=General Population Characteristics FLORIDA 1980 Census of Population |url=https://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1980a_flABCs1-02.pdf |website=07553445v1chA-Cpt11sec1ch002.pdf |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=21 March 2023}}</ref> 1990<ref name="1990Census1">{{cite web |title=1990 Census of Population General Population Characteristics Florida Section 1 of 2 |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1990/cp-1/cp-1-11-1.pdf |website=Florida: 1990, Part 1 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=21 March 2023}}</ref><br>2000<ref name="2000CensusPopulationByRace">{{cite web |title=PL002: HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT ... - Census Bureau Table |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=PL002&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALPL2000.PL002 |website=PL002 &#124; HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE [73] |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=21 March 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> 2010<ref name="2010CensusPopulationByRace">{{cite web |title=P2: HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT ... - Census Bureau Table |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=P2&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.P2 |website=P2 &#124; HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=21 March 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> 2020<ref name="2020CensusPopulationByRace" /> 2022<ref name="2022VintagePopulationEstimate" /> }} Miami ni msumba ukuru comene mu South Florida, msumba waciŵiri ukuru comene mu Florida, ndipo ni msumba ukuru comene uwo uli na ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 6 miliyoni. Nangauli mu tawuni iyi muli ŵanthu ŵambura kukwana 14 pa ŵanthu wose awo ŵakukhala mu tawuni iyi, kweni ni tawuni yichoko chomene pakuyaniska na misumba yinyake iyo yili pafupi na tawuni iyi. Mu tawuni iyi muli ŵanthu ŵanandi chomene kuluska mu chigaŵa cha Miami-Dade, icho ntchikuru chomene mu chigaŵa ichi. Msumba uwu ukakura mwaluŵiro mu hafu yakwamba ya vyaka vya m'ma 1900, ndipo unandi wa ŵanthu ukakura kufuma pa 1,681 pa nyengo ya kalembera wa mu 1900 kufika pa 249,276 pa nyengo ya kalembera wa mu 1950. Ichi chikapangiska kuti msumba uwu uŵe ukuru chomene mu Florida, ndipo ukalutilira kuŵa msumba ukuru m'paka apo msumba wa Jacksonville ukazomerezgekera kuti uŵe msumba umoza. Kufuma nyengo yira, msumba wa Miami ndiwo ni msumba ukuru comene waciŵiri mu Florida. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1900, msumba uwu ukaŵa na ŵanthu ŵachoko waka, ndipo mu ma 1950 na 1960, ukakura mwaluŵiro chomene. Msumba uwu ukakura na 34.3% mu vyaka vya m'ma 1950 na 1960, apo ŵanthu ŵakakwana 334,859 pa kalembera wa mu 1970. Ndipouli, mu vyaka 30 vyakulondezgapo, msumba uwu ukakura waka na 8.2%, ndipo pa nyengo ya kalembera wa mu 2000, ŵanthu ŵakukwana 362,470. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 2000 na 2010, ŵanthu ŵa ku Miami ŵakamba kukura chomene chifukwa cha kuzenga nyumba zakudikanya mu Downtown Miami, Edgewater, na Brickell. Kafukufuku wakulongora kuti ŵanthu awo ŵakakhalanga mu tawuni (kufuma ku Brickell kumpoto m'paka ku Midtown Miami) ŵakakura pafupifupi 40% pakati pa 2010 na 2018. Kufuma mu 2000 kufika mu 2010, ŵanthu ŵa mu msumba uwu ŵakakura na 10.2% ndipo ŵakafika 399,457 mu 2010. Mu ma 2010, chiŵelengero cha ŵanthu mu tawuni iyi chikakwana 400,000, ndipo pa nyengo ya kalembera wa mu 2020, chikakura na 10.7%, kufika pa ŵanthu 442,241.<ref name="DowntownGrowth1">{{cite web |last1=Rodriguez |first1=Rene |title=More people than ever live in downtown Miami &#124; AP News |url=https://apnews.com/article/6d7c12fb3ff54bbd898baf096bf92819 |website=More people than ever live in downtown Miami |publisher=AP News |access-date=22 March 2023 |date=2 June 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="DowntownGrowth2">{{cite web |title=Miami FL growth creates social & economic inequality &#124; Miami Herald |url=https://www.miamiherald.com/news/business/real-estate-news/article229029784.html |website=Priced out of paradise: Why locals can no longer afford to live in Miami|publisher=Miami Herald |access-date=22 March 2023}}</ref> {|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%; text-align: right;" !Historical racial composition !style="width: 5em;"|2020<ref name="2020CensusPopulationByRace" /> !style="width: 5em;"|2010<ref name="2010CensusPopulationByRace" /> !style="width: 5em;"|2000<ref name="2000CensusPopulationByRace" /> !style="width: 5em;"|1990<ref name="1990Census1" /> !style="width: 5em;"|1980<ref name="1980Census1" /> |- |style="text-align:left"|[[Non-Hispanic whites|White]] (non-Hispanic) |14.0% |11.9% |11.8% |12.2% |19.4% |- |style="text-align:left"|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] |70.2% |70.0% |65.8% |62.5% |55.9% |- |style="text-align:left"|[[African American|Black or African American]] (non-Hispanic) |11.9% |16.3% |19.9% |24.6% |23.7% |- |style="text-align:left"|[[Asian American|Asian]] and [[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] (non-Hispanic) |1.3% |0.9% |0.6% |0.5% |rowspan="3"|1.0% |- |style="text-align:left"|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] (non-Hispanic) |0.1% |0.1% |0.1% |0.1% |- |style="text-align:left"|Other Race (non-Hispanic) |0.6% |0.2% |0.1% |0.1% |- |style="text-align:left"|[[Multiracial Americans|Two or more races]] (non-Hispanic) |2.0% |0.7% |1.7% |N/A |N/A |- !style="text-align:left"|Population !style="text-align:right"|442,241 !style="text-align:right"|399,457 !style="text-align:right"|362,470 !style="text-align:right"|358,548 !style="text-align:right"|346,865 |} {|class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" style="font-size: 90%; text-align: right;" !Racial composition<br>before 1980 <ref>{{cite web |title=Table 10. Florida - Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Large Cities and Other Places; Earliest Census to 1990 |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/FLtab.pdf |website=Table 10. Florida - Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Large Cities and Other Places; Earliest Census to 1990 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=22 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180828170235/https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/FLtab.pdf |archive-date=28 August 2018 |date=13 July 2005 |url-status=dead}}</ref> !style="width: 4em;"|1970 !style="width: 4em;"|1960 !style="width: 4em;"|1950 !style="width: 4em;"|1940 !style="width: 4em;"|1930 !style="width: 4em;"|1920 !style="width: 4em;"|1910 |- |align="left" |[[White Americans|White]] (including [[White Hispanic|Hispanic]]) |76.6% ||77.4% ||83.7% ||78.5% ||77.3% ||68.5%||58.7% |- |align="left" |[[African Americans|Black or African American]] (including [[Black Hispanic|Hispanic]]) |22.7% ||22.4% ||16.2% ||21.4% ||22.7% ||31.3%||41.3% |- | align="left" |[[Asian Americans|Asian]] (including [[Asian Hispanic|Hispanic]]) |0.3%||0.1% ||0.1% ||0.1% ||< 0.1% ||0.1% ||0.1% |- |align="left" |Other (including [[Hispanic or Latino Americans|Hispanic]]) |0.4%||0.1% ||0.1% ||< 0.1% ||N/A ||N/A ||N/A |- |align="left" |[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] |45.3% ||N/A ||N/A ||N/A ||N/A ||N/A ||N/A |- |align="left" |[[Non-Hispanic whites|Non-Hispanic White]] |32.9%||N/A ||N/A ||N/A ||N/A ||N/A ||N/A |- !align="left" |Population !334,859 !!291,688 !!249,276 !!172,172 !!110,637 !!29,571 !!5,471 |} Mu 1970, wupu wa Census Bureau ukati ŵanthu ŵa ku Miami ŵakaŵa 45.3% ŵa mtundu wa Hispanic, 32.9% ŵa mtundu unyake, ndipo 22.7% ŵakaŵa ŵa mtundu wakuda. Kukura kwa ŵanthu mu Miami kukapangika cifukwa ca ŵanthu awo ŵakasamukira mu msumba uwu kufuma ku vigaŵa vinyake vya caru, m'paka mu ma 1960. Kwambira mu 1970 m'paka mu 2000, chiŵelengero cha ŵanthu mu msumba uwu chikakhalilira waka, chifukwa ŵanthu ŵambura kufuma ku Spain awo ŵakakhalanga ku Miami ŵakafumako ndipo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakwiza kufuma ku Latin America, chomenechomene ku Cuba. Mu nyengo iyi, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa ku Spain ŵakakhazikika mu msumba uwu, ndipo mu 1985, msumba uwu ukasora meya wakwamba wa ku Cuba, Xavier Suarez. Mu 1990, ŵanthu ŵa mitundu yinyake awo ŵakakhalanga mu msumba wa Miami ŵakaŵa 90,000. Kweni kufuma nyengo yira, ŵanthu ŵa mitundu yinyake awo ŵakukhala mu tawuni iyi ŵakwamba kuchepa. Pa nyengo ya kalembera uyo wakachitika mu 2020, ŵanthu ŵakukwana 52,447, ndipo ŵalipo 11.7% pera. Vinyake ivyo vikupangiska ni ndalama zinandi izo ŵanthu ŵakuguliska mu malo nga ni Liberty City na Little Haiti.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Dieujuste |first1=Kevin |title=Little Haiti and Liberty City residents raise concerns about gentrification |url=https://sfmn.fiu.edu/little-haiti-and-liberty-city-residents-raise-concerns-about-gentrification/ |website=Little Haiti and Liberty City residents raise concerns about gentrification |publisher=FIU |access-date=22 March 2023 |date=June 30, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=What’s really driving ‘climate gentrification’ in Miami? It isn’t fear of sea-level rise |url=https://theconversation.com/whats-really-driving-climate-gentrification-in-miami-it-isnt-fear-of-sea-level-rise-191737 |website=What’s really driving ‘climate gentrification’ in Miami? It isn’t fear of sea-level rise |publisher=The Conversation |access-date=22 March 2023 |date=6 December 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> Ŵanthu awo ŵakaŵa Ŵachizungu yayi ŵakamba kuchepa mu vyaka vya m'ma 1900, apo ŵanthu ŵa mu vigaŵa vya kumanjiliro gha dazi na pakati pa Miami awo ŵakaŵa Ŵachizungu ŵakamba kuchepa. Ivi vikapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵambe kusamira ku chigaŵa cha Downtown (kufuma ku Latin America pera yayi, kweniso ku United States). Ivi vikapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵambura kuzunura chiyowoyero cha Spain ŵakwere kufuma pa 11.8% pa nyengo ya kalembera wa mu 2000 kufika pa 11.9% pa nyengo ya kalembera wa mu 2010. Pamanyuma pa ivi, ŵanthu awo ŵakaŵa Ŵachizungu yayi ŵakakura mwaluŵiro chomene kuluska msumba wose mu ma 2010, ndipo pa nyengo ya kalembera wa mu 2020, ŵanthu Ŵachizungu awo ŵakaŵa Ŵachizungu yayi ŵakaŵa 14.0% ya ŵanthu ŵa mu msumba uwu ndipo ŵakaŵapo 61,829, nambara iyo yikaŵa yikuru chomene kwambira mu ma 1980. Ŵazungu ŵa ku Miami awo mba Hispanic yayi ŵakaluska ŵa ku America awo mba Black. {|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%; text-align: right;" !style="width: 20em;"|Demographic characteristics !style="width: 7em;"|2020<ref name="2020CensusHouseholds">{{cite web |title=H1 &#124; OCCUPANCY STATUS |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=H1&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.H1 |website=H1: OCCUPANCY STATUS - Census Bureau Table |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=20 March 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="2020CensusSexByAge">{{cite web |title=P12 &#124; SEX BY AGE FOR SELECTED AGE CATEGORIES |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=P12&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALDHC2020.P12 |website=P12: SEX BY AGE FOR SELECTED ... - Census Bureau Table |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=27 May 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="2020CensusMedianAge">{{cite web |title=P13 &#124; MEDIAN AGE BY SEX |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=P13&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALDHC2020.P13 |website=P13: MEDIAN AGE BY SEX - Census Bureau Table |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=27 May 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> !style="width: 7em;"|2010<ref name="2010CensusHouseholds">{{cite web |title=H1 &#124; OCCUPANCY STATUS |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=H1&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.H1 |website=H1: OCCUPANCY STATUS - Census Bureau Table |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=20 March 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="2010CensusSexByAge">{{cite web |title=P12 &#124; SEX BY AGE |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=P12&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALSF12010.P12 |website=P12: SEX BY AGE - Census Bureau Table |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=20 March 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="2010CensusMedianAge">{{cite web |title=P13 &#124; MEDIAN AGE BY SEX |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=P13&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALSF12010.P13 |website=P13: MEDIAN AGE BY SEX - Census Bureau Table |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=20 March 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> !style="width: 7em;"|2000<ref name="2000CensusHouseholds">{{cite web |title=H003 &#124; OCCUPANCY STATUS [3] |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=H003&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALSF12000.H003 |website=H003: OCCUPANCY STATUS [3] - Census Bureau Table |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=20 March 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="2000CensusSexByAge">{{cite web |title=P012 &#124; SEX BY AGE [49] |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=P012&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALSF12000.P012 |website=P012: SEX BY AGE [49] - Census Bureau Table |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=20 March 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="2000CensusMedianAge">{{cite web |title=P013 &#124; MEDIAN AGE BY SEX [3] |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=P013&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALSF12000.P013 |website=P13: MEDIAN AGE BY SEX [3] - Census Bureau Table |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=20 March 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> !style="width: 7em;"|1990<ref name="1990Census1" /> !style="width: 7em;"|1980<ref name="1980Census1" /> |- |style="text-align:left"|Households |212,146 |183,994 |148,388 |130,252 |134,046 |- |style="text-align:left"|Persons per household |2.08 |2.17 |2.44 |2.69 |2.59 |- |style="text-align:left"|{{abbr|Sex Ratio|Sex ratio measured in number of males per 100 females}} |97.8 |99.2 |98.9 |93.5 |88.0 |- |style="text-align:left"|Ages 0–17 |16.5% |18.4% |21.7% |23.0% |21.4% |- |style="text-align:left"|Ages 18–64 |69.0% |65.6% |61.3% |60.4% |61.6% |- |style="text-align:left"|Ages 65 + |14.5% |16.0% |17.0% |16.6% |17.0% |- |style="text-align:left"|Median age |39.7 |38.8 |37.7 |35.9 |38.2 |- !style="text-align:left"|Population !style="text-align:right"|442,241 !style="text-align:right"|399,457 !style="text-align:right"|362,470 !style="text-align:right"|358,548 !style="text-align:right"|346,865 |} {|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%; text-align: right" !colspan="4"|Economic indicators |- !style="width: 14em;"|2017–21 [[American Community Survey]] !style="width: 7em;"|Miami !style="width: 7em;"|Miami-Dade County !style="width: 7em;"|Florida |- |style="text-align:left"|{{abbr|Median income|Median income in 2021 inflation-adjusted dollars}}<ref name="ACSPersonalIncome">{{cite web |title=S2001: EARNINGS IN THE PAST 12 ... - Census Bureau Table |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=S2001&g=040XX00US12_050XX00US12086_160XX00US1245000&tid=ACSST5Y2021.S2001 |website=S2001 &#124; EARNINGS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2021 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS) |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=21 March 2023}}</ref> |$31,472 |$32,513 |$34,367 |- |style="text-align:left"|{{abbr|Median household income|Median household income in 2021 inflation-adjusted dollars}}<ref name="ACSHouseholdIncome">{{cite web |title=S1901: INCOME IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS ... - Census Bureau Table |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=S1901&g=040XX00US12_050XX00US12086_160XX00US1245000&tid=ACSST5Y2021.S1901 |website=S1901 &#124; INCOME IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2021 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS) |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=21 March 2023}}</ref> |$47,860 |$57,815 |$61,777 |- |style="text-align:left"|Poverty Rate<ref name="ACSPoverty">{{cite web |title=S1701: POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST ... - Census Bureau Table |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=S1701&g=040XX00US12_050XX00US12086_160XX00US1245000&tid=ACSST5Y2021.S1701 |website=S1701 &#124; POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=21 March 2023}}</ref> |20.9% |15.7% |13.1% |- |style="text-align:left"|{{abbr|High school diploma|Percentage of the population aged 25+ with a high school diploma or higher}}<ref name="ACSEducationalAttainment">{{cite web |title=S1501: EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT - Census Bureau Table |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=S1501&g=040XX00US12_050XX00US12086_160XX00US1245000&tid=ACSST5Y2021.S1501 |website=S1501 &#124; EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=21 March 2023}}</ref> |79.2% |82.5% |89.0% |- |style="text-align:left"|{{abbr|Bachelor's degree|Percentage of the population aged 25+ with a bachelor's degree or higher}}<ref name="ACSEducationalAttainment" /> |33.1% |31.7% |31.5% |- |style="text-align:left"|{{abbr|Advanced degree|Percentage of the population aged 25+ with an advanced degree}}<ref name="ACSEducationalAttainment" /> |13.2% |11.9% |11.7% |} {|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%; text-align: right;" !style="width: 20em;"|Language spoken at home{{efn|name=languages|Language spoken at home among residents at least five years old; only languages (or language groups) which at least 2% of residents have spoken at any time since 1980 are mentioned}} !style="width: 5em;"|2015{{efn|name=ACS2015Language|Refers to 2013–2017 [[American Community Survey]] data;<ref name="ACS2015Language">{{cite web |title=C16001: LANGUAGE SPOKEN AT HOME FOR ... - Census Bureau Table |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=C16001&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=ACSDT5Y2017.C16001&moe=true |website=C16001 &#124; LANGUAGE SPOKEN AT HOME FOR THE POPULATION 5 YEARS AND OVER |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=21 March 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> the last Decennial Census where language data was collected was in the [[2000 United States Census|2000 census]]}} !style="width: 5em;"|2010{{efn|name=ACS2010Language|Refers to 2008–2012 [[American Community Survey]] data;<ref name="ACS2010Language">{{cite web |title=B16001: LANGUAGE SPOKEN AT HOME BY - Census Bureau Table |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=B16001&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=ACSDT5Y2012.B16001&moe=true |website=B16001 &#124; LANGUAGE SPOKEN AT HOME BY ABILITY TO SPEAK ENGLISH FOR THE POPULATION 5 YEARS AND OVER |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=21 March 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> the last Decennial Census where language data was collected was in the [[2000 United States Census|2000 census]]}} !style="width: 5em;"|2000<ref name="2000CensusLanguage">{{cite web |title=PCT010: AGE BY LANGUAGE SPOKEN AT ... - Census Bureau Table |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=PCT010&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALSF32000.PCT010 |website=PCT010 &#124; AGE BY LANGUAGE SPOKEN AT HOME FOR THE POPULATION 5 YEARS AND OVER [83] |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=21 March 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> !style="width: 5em;"|1990<ref name="1990Census2">{{cite web |title=1990 Census of Population General Social and Economic Characteristics Florida Section 1 of 3 |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1990/cp-2/cp-2-11-1.pdf |website=Florida: 1990, Part 1 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=21 March 2023}}</ref> !style="width: 5em;"|1980<ref name="1980Census2">{{cite web |title=General Social and Economic Characteristics FLORIDA 1980 Census of Population |url=https://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1980a_flABCs1-09.pdf |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=21 March 2023}}</ref> |- |style="text-align:left"|[[English language|English]] |23.0% |22.6% |24.7% |26.7% |36.0% |- |style="text-align:left"|[[Spanish language|Spanish]] or [[Spanish Creole]] |70.0% |69.9% |66.6% |64.0% |57.5% |- |style="text-align:left"|[[French language|French]] or [[Haitian Creole]] |4.5% |4.9% |6.0% |7.7% |2.6% |- |style="text-align:left"|Other Languages |2.5% |2.6% |2.7% |1.6% |3.9% |} {|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%; text-align: right;" !style="width: 20em;"|Nativity !style="width: 5em;"|2015{{efn|name=ACS2015Nativity|Refers to 2013–2017 [[American Community Survey]] data;<ref name="ACS2015ForeignBorn1">{{cite web |title=B05001: NATIVITY AND CITIZENSHIP ... - Census Bureau Table |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=B05001&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=ACSDT5Y2017.B05001&moe=true |website=B05001 &#124; NATIVITY AND CITIZENSHIP STATUS IN THE UNITED STATES |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=21 March 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="ACS2015ForeignBorn">{{cite web |title=B05006: PLACE OF BIRTH FOR THE ... - Census Bureau Table |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=B05006&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=ACSDT5Y2017.B05006&moe=true |website=B05006 &#124; PLACE OF BIRTH FOR THE FOREIGN-BORN POPULATION IN THE UNITED STATES |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=21 March 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> the last Decennial Census where foreign-born population data was collected was in the [[2000 United States Census|2000 census]]}} !style="width: 5em;"|2010{{efn|name=ACS2010Nativity|Refers to 2008–2012 [[American Community Survey]] data;<ref name="ACS2010Nativity">{{cite web |title=B05001: NATIVITY AND CITIZENSHIP ... - Census Bureau Table |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=B05001&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=ACSDT5Y2012.B05001&moe=true |website=B05001 &#124; NATIVITY AND CITIZENSHIP STATUS IN THE UNITED STATES |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=21 March 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="ACS2010ForeignBorn">{{cite web |title=B05006: PLACE OF BIRTH FOR THE ... - Census Bureau Table |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=B05006&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=ACSDT5Y2012.B05006&moe=true |website=B05006 &#124; PLACE OF BIRTH FOR THE FOREIGN-BORN POPULATION IN THE UNITED STATES |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=21 March 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> the last Decennial Census where foreign-born population data was collected was in the [[2000 United States Census|2000 census]]}} !style="width: 5em;"|2000<ref name="2000CensusNativity">{{cite web |title=P021: PLACE OF BIRTH BY CITIZENSHIP ... - Census Bureau Table |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=P021&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALSF32000.P021 |website=P021 &#124; PLACE OF BIRTH BY CITIZENSHIP STATUS [15] |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=21 March 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="2000CensusForeignBorn">{{cite web |title=PCT019: PLACE OF BIRTH FOR THE ... - Census Bureau Table |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=PCT019&g=160XX00US1245000&tid=DECENNIALSF32000.PCT019 |website=PCT019 &#124; PLACE OF BIRTH FOR THE FOREIGN-BORN POPULATION [126] |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=21 March 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> !style="width: 5em;"|1990<ref name="1990Census3">{{cite web |title=1990 Census of Population General Social and Economic Characteristics Florida Section 2 of 3 |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1990/cp-2/cp-2-11-2.pdf |website=Florida: 1990, Part 2 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=21 March 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="1990Census2" /> !style="width: 5em;"|1980<ref name="1980Census2" /> |- |style="text-align:left"|'''% population [[Natural-born-citizen clause (United States)|native-born]]''' |'''42.0%''' |'''41.9%''' |'''40.5%''' |'''40.3%''' |'''46.3%''' |- |style="text-align:left"|... born in the [[United States]] |39.3% |39.3% |37.9% |37.3% |43.4% |- |style="text-align:left"|... born in [[Puerto Rico]] or [[Territories of the United States|Island Areas]] |1.8% |1.7% |1.9% |2.2% |rowspan="2"|2.9% |- |style="text-align:left"|... born to [[Jus sanguinis|American parents abroad]] |0.9% |0.9% |0.6% |0.7% |- |style="text-align:left"|'''% population [[Immigration to the United States|foreign-born]]{{efn|name=foreignborn|Only countries of birth which at least 1% of residents were born in at any time since 1980 were born in are mentioned}}''' |'''58.0%''' |'''58.1%''' |'''59.5%''' |'''59.7%''' |'''53.7%''' |- |style="text-align:left"|... born in [[Cuba]] |27.6% |27.5% |30.3% |32.1% |35.9% |- |style="text-align:left"|... born in [[Nicaragua]] |5.4% |5.7% |7.2% |7.3% |N/A{{efn|name=NotCountedSeparately|Not counted separately; aggregated into "Other" category}} |- |style="text-align:left"|... born in [[Honduras]] |5.0% |5.4% |4.5% |1.9% |N/A{{efn|name=NotCountedSeparately}} |- |style="text-align:left"|... born in [[Haiti]] |2.8% |3.2% |3.9% |5.0% |N/A{{efn|name=NotCountedSeparately}} |- |style="text-align:left"|... born in [[Colombia]] |2.8% |2.4% |1.9% |1.2% |N/A{{efn|name=NotCountedSeparately}} |- |style="text-align:left"|... born in [[Venezuela]] |1.8% |1.4% |0.6% |0.4% |N/A{{efn|name=NotCountedSeparately}} |- |style="text-align:left"|... born in the [[Dominican Republic]] |1.7% |1.9% |2.0% |1.2% |0.6% |- |style="text-align:left"|... born in [[Peru]] |1.1% |1.0% |0.9% |0.6% |N/A{{efn|name=NotCountedSeparately}} |- |style="text-align:left"|... born in [[Argentina]] |1.0% |1.1% |0.6% |0.2% |N/A{{efn|name=NotCountedSeparately}} |- |style="text-align:left"|... born in [[Mexico]] |0.9% |1.1% |0.6% |0.4% |0.1% |- |style="text-align:left"|... born in other countries |7.9% |7.4% |7.0% |9.4% |17.1% |} Mu 2010, ŵanthu 34.4% ŵa mu msumba uwu ŵakaŵa ŵa ku Cuba, 15.8% ŵakaŵa ŵa ku Central America (7.2% ŵa ku Nicaragua, 5.8% ŵa ku Honduras, 1.2% ŵa ku El Salvador, na 1.0% ŵa ku Guatemala), 8.7% ŵakaŵa ŵa ku South America (3.2% ŵa ku Colombia, 1.4% ŵa ku Venezuela, 1.2% ŵa ku Peru, 1.2% ŵa ku Argentina, 1.0% ŵa ku Chile na 0.7% ŵa ku Ecuador), 4.0% ŵakaŵa ŵa ku Spain panji ŵa ku Latin America (0.5% ŵa ku Spain), 3.2% ŵakaŵa ŵa ku Puerto Rico, 2.4% ŵakaŵa ŵa ku Dominican, ndipo 1.5% ŵakaŵa ŵa ku Mexico. Mu 2010, ŵanthu 5.6% ŵa mu tawuni iyi ŵakaŵa ŵa ku West Indian panji Afro-Caribbean American (4.4% ŵa ku Haiti, 0.4% ŵa ku Jamaica, 0.4% ŵa ku Bahamas, 0.1% ŵa ku British West Indian, na 0.1% ŵa ku Trinidad na Tobago, 0.1% ŵa ku West Indian), 3.0% ŵakaŵa ŵa ku Black Hispanics, ndipo 0.4% ŵakaŵa ŵa ku Sub-Saharan Africa. Mu 2010, ŵanthu ŵa ku Europe (ŵambura kufuma ku Spain) ŵakaŵa 11.9% ya ŵanthu ŵa ku Miami. Pa ŵanthu wose awo ŵakakhalanga mu msumba uwu, 1.7% ŵakaŵa ŵa ku Germany, 1.6% ŵa ku Italy, 1.4% ŵa ku Ireland, 1.0% ŵa ku England, 0.8% ŵa ku France, 0.6% ŵa ku Russia, na 0.5% ŵa ku Poland. Mu 2010, ŵanthu ŵa ku Asia ndiwo ŵakaŵa 1.0% ya ŵanthu ŵa ku Miami. Pa ŵanthu wose awo ŵakakhalanga mu msumba uwu, 0.3% ŵakaŵa ŵa ku India/Indo-Caribbean (1,206), 0.3% ŵakaŵa ŵa ku China/Chinese Caribbean (1,804), 0.2% ŵakaŵa ŵa ku Philippines (647), 0.1% ŵakaŵa ŵa ku Asia (433), 0.1% ŵakaŵa ŵa ku Japan (245), 0.1% ŵakaŵa ŵa ku Korea (213), ndipo 0.0% ŵakaŵa ŵa ku Vietnam (125). Mu 2010, ŵanthu 1.9% ŵakajiwonanga kuti mbakufuma ku America pera (kwali mba fuko wuli), apo 0.5% ŵakaŵa ŵa ku Arabia.<ref name="MIAMIdemo">{{Cite web |title=Miami, Florida Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 – 2010 Demographic Profile Data |url=https://www.census.gov |access-date=October 25, 2015 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>{{Pie chart | thumb = right | caption = Religion in the Miami Metro Area (2014)<ref name="Religion">{{Cite web |title=Adults in the Miami metro area |url=https://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/metro-area/miami-metro-area/ |publisher=[[Pew Research Center]]}}</ref> | label1 = [[Protestantism]] | value1 = 39 | color1 = DodgerBlue | label2 = [[Catholicism]] | value2 = 27 | color2 = #d4213d | label3 = [[Mormonism]] | value3 = 0.5 | color3 = DarkTurquoise | label4 = [[Eastern Orthodoxy]] | value4 = 0.5 | color4 = Purple | label5 = [[Jehovah's Witnesses]] | value5 = 1 | color5 = Aquamarine | label6 = Other Christian | value6 = 1 | color6 = Pink | label7 = [[Irreligious|No religion]] | value7 = 21 | color7 = Honeydew | label8 = Judaism | value8 = 9 | color8 = Blue | label9 = Other religion | value9 = 1 | color9 = Chartreuse }} Kuyana na kafukufuku uyo wakachitika mu 2014 na Pew Research Center, Chikhristu ndicho ntchisopa icho ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakulondezga mu Miami (68%), ndipo 39% ŵakuyowoya kuti ŵakusopa mu matchalitchi ghakupambanapambana agho ghangaŵa gha Chiprotesitanti, ndipo 27% ŵakuti Mbakatolika.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Major U.S. metropolitan areas differ in their religious profiles |url=http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/07/29/major-u-s-metropolitan-areas-differ-in-their-religious-profiles/ |website=Pew Research Center}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=May 12, 2015 |title=America's Changing Religious Landscape |url=http://www.pewforum.org/2015/05/12/americas-changing-religious-landscape/ |publisher=[[Pew Research Center]]: Religion & Public Life}}</ref>Kufuma apo pali Chiyuda (9%); Chislamu, Chibuda, Chihindu, na visopa vinyake vinandi vili na ŵanthu ŵachoko; ŵanthu 21% ŵakugomezga yayi kuti kuli Chiuta panji ŵali mu chisopa chilichose. Mu Miami mukaŵa tchalitchi la ŵasilikari ŵa ku Norway kwamba mu ma 1980. Mu Novembala 2011, Mfumukazi Mette-Marit ya ku Norway yikajulira tchalitchi ili. Tchalitchi ili likazengeka kuti ŵanthu 10,000 ŵa ku Scandinavia awo ŵakukhala mu Florida ŵakhalengemo. Pa ŵanthu aŵa, ŵanthu 4,000 mba ku Norway. Kweniso tchalitchi ili ndakuzirwa comene ku ŵanthu 150 ŵa ku Norway awo ŵakugwira nchito ku Walt Disney World ku Central Florida.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Crown Princess Opens Seamen's Church in Miami |url=http://www.norwaypost.no/index.php/news/latest-news/26012-crown-princess-opens-seamens-church-in-miami-26012 |access-date=August 3, 2013 |website=Norwaypost.nodate=November 21, 2011}}</ref> Kuyana na ndondomeko ya ŵanthu awo ŵalije pakukhala mu 2022, mu chigaŵa cha Miami-Dade mukaŵa ŵanthu 3,440 ŵambura pakukhala, ndipo 970 ŵakaŵa mu misewu. Mu msumba wa Miami, mukaŵa ŵanthu 591 ŵambura pakukhala mu misewu, kufuma pa 555 mu 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Miami Rescue Mission: Many Families A Paycheck Away From Being Homeless |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/miami/news/homelessness-miami-rescue-mission/ |access-date=2023-03-11 |website=www.cbsnews.com |language=en-US}}</ref> ==Chuma== [[File:Brickell1.JPG|thumb|upright=1.2|[[Greater Downtown Miami|Downtown Miami]] is a national hub for finance, commerce, and [[international business]]. [[Brickell Avenue]] in Downtown Miami has the largest concentration of international banks in the nation.]] [[File:Miamimanhattanizationdowntown.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|As seen in 2006, the [[List of tallest buildings in Miami|high-rise construction]] in Miami has inspired popular opinion of "[[manhattanization|Miami's Manhattanization]]".]] [[File:Brickell Avenue 20100203.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|[[Brickell Avenue]] in Downtown Miami's [[Brickell|Brickell Financial District]], February 2010]] Miami ni msumba ukuru wa vyamalonda na vya ndalama ndipo uli na ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakuchita malonda. Kuyana na 2020 ranking of world cities undertaken by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network (GaWC) based on the level of presence of global corporate service organizations, Miami yikuwoneka kuti ni Beta + level world city, pamoza na Atlanta, Dallas, na Houston, kweni kuyana na census ya US pakati pa 2015 ∼ 2019, Miami yikusoŵa mu nkhani ya nyumba zakukhalamo, kompyuta na intaneti, masambiro ghakukhwaskana na digiri ya bachelor panji kujumpha, median household income, per capita income, uku yikufikapo pa chiŵelengero chikuru cha ŵanthu mu ukavu. Miami wali na Gross Metropolitan Product (GMP) ya $257 billion, ndipo wali pa malo 11 mu United States na 20 pa caru cose.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Which are the largest city economies in the world and how might this change by 2025? |url=https://www.ukmediacentre.pwc.com/imagelibrary/downloadMedia.ashx?MediaDetailsID%3D1562 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130531000745/http://www.ukmediacentre.pwc.com/imagelibrary/downloadMedia.ashx?MediaDetailsID=1562 |archive-date=May 31, 2013 |access-date=November 20, 2009 |website=PricewaterhouseCoopers UK}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Gross Metropolitan Product |url=http://greyhill.com/gross-metropolitan-product |access-date=September 29, 2011 |publisher=Greyhill Advisors}}</ref> Makampani ghanandi ghakuru ghali na ofesi yawo mu Miami, kusazgapo Akerman LLP, Alienware, Arquitectonica, Brightstar Corporation, Celebrity Cruises, Carnival Corporation, Duany Plater-Zyberk, Greenberg Traurig, Inktel Direct, Lennar Corporation, Norwegian Cruise Line, Oceania Cruises, OPKO Health, Parkjockey, RCTV International, Royal Caribbean International, Sitel, Southern Wine & Spirits, Telemundo, Vector Group, Watsco na World Fuel Services. Makampani ghakujumpha 1,400 gha vyaru vyakupambanapambana ghali mu Miami, ndipo mabungwe ghanandi ghakuru gha pa caru cose ghali na ofesi yawo yikuru ku Latin America (panji maofesi gha mu vigaŵa) mu msumba uwu kusazgapo Walmart. Kweniso, makampani agho ghali mu misumba yapafupi panji mu vigaŵa vyambura kukolerana na boma vya Miami-Dade County ni Benihana, Burger King, Carnival Cruise Line, Navarro Discount Pharmacies, Perry Ellis International, Ryder, Sedano's, UniMás, na U.S. Banki ya Century. Mzinda wa Miami ndiwo ukwendeskeka chomene pa nkhani za TV, ndipo ndiwo msumba wakuzirwa chomene ku United States. Telemundo na UniMás ŵali na ofesi yawo yikuru ku Miami. Ma studio gha Univisión na Telemundo ghakupanga mapulogiramu ghanandi gha pa TV, nga ni telenovelas, nkhani, maseŵero, na ma talk show. Mu 2011, 85% ya mapulogiramu gha Telemundo ghakaŵa gha ku Miami. Miami nayo ni msumba wakuzirwa comene pa nkhani ya kwimba sumu. Msumba uwu ukuŵaso na ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakujambura mavidiyo gha sumu na mafilimu. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 2000, msumba uwu ukaŵa na katundu munandi chomene kufuma apo charu cha Florida chikambira mu 1920, ndipo msumba uwu ukaŵa na nyumba zakukwana 100. Kweni ŵakazenga 50 pera. Kuzenga nyumba zinandi mwaluŵiro kukapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakhalenge mu mizi ya Miami, ndipo Downtown, Brickell, na Edgewater, ndiwo ghakaŵa malo agho ghakakura luŵiro chomene mu msumba uwu. Msumba uwu uli na nyumba zakudikanya zakukwana 7 zakudikanya chomene mu Florida. Mu 2007, ku malo agha kukaŵa suzgo likuru chifukwa cha kunangika kwa nyumba. Nga ni vigaŵa vinyake vya ku United States, vigeŵenga vikusangika mu vigaŵa vyakupambanapambana. Mu 2016, webusayiti ya 24/7 Wall Street yikalemba kuti msumba wa Miami ndiwo nguheni chomene ku United States, chifukwa ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakukhala mu misumba iyi.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kaufmanmkaufman |first=Michelle |date=June 28, 2016 |title=Miami was rated Worst American City to Live In by website 24/7 Wall St. |work=Miami Herald |url=http://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/community/miami-dade/article86476492.html |access-date=September 23, 2017}}</ref> Malo gha ndege gha Miami International Airport (MIA) na PortMiami ghali na ŵanthu ŵanandi chomene mu charu ichi, chomenechomene awo ŵakunjira mu vyaru vya South America na Caribbean. PortMiami ni dowoko la vyakurya vinandi comene pa caru, ndipo MIA ni dowoko la vyakurya vinandi comene ku Florida ndiposo ni cipata cikuru comene pakati pa United States na Latin America. Chifukwa cha nkhongono zake mu bizinesi ya vyaru vyakupambanapambana, ndalama na malonda, msumba uwu uli na mabanki ghanandi chomene gha vyaru vyakupambanapambana mu charu ichi, chomenechomene mu Brickell Avenue mu chigaŵa cha ndalama cha Brickell, Miami. Mu 2003, msumba wa Miami ndiwo ukachitiska ungano wa vyaru vya ku America. Ku Miami ndiko kuli National Hurricane Center na likuru la United States Southern Command. Kweniso msumba wa Miami ni msumba wa mafakitale, comenecomene wa malibwe na malo ghakusungiramo vinthu. Makampani agha ghakaŵa ku chigaŵa cha kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa msumba uwu kufupi na Doral na Hialeah. Kuyana na U.S. Mu 2012, msumba wa Miami ndiwo ukaŵa na ndalama zinandi chomene pa misumba yikuruyikuru ya ku United States. Kweniso msumba wa Miami ngumoza mwa misumba yichoko chomene mu U.S. umo boma la mu msumba uwu likaleka kugwira ntchito mu 2001. Mu chigaŵa ichi muli nyerere zina lake Wasmannia auropunctata.<ref name="LFA">{{Cite journal |last1=Wetterer |first1=James |last2=Porter |first2=Sanford |date=2003 |title=The Little Fire Ant ''Wasmannia auropunctata'': Distribution, Impact and Control |journal=[[Sociobiology (journal)|Sociobiology]] |volume=41 |issue=3 |issn=0361-6525 |id=[[CABI ISC]] # [https://www.cabi.org/ISC/abstract/20043012612 20043012612]. [[AGRIS]] ID [https://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=US201300806939 US201300806939] |s2cid=53132506}}</ref> ===PortMiami=== {{Main|PortMiami}} [[File:Port of Miami 20071208.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|[[PortMiami]] is the world's largest cruise ship port, and is the headquarters of many of the world's largest cruise companies.]] [[File: PortMiami from Carnival Conquest (27 December 2022).jpg|thumb|179x179px|Photo of [[PortMiami]] from a boat's view.]] Ku Miami kuli dowoko likuru comene la ku United States. Ni dowoko likuru comene pa caru, ndipo kanandi likucemeka "Cruise Capital of the World" na "Cargo Gateway of the Americas". Kwa vyaka vyakujumpha 10, msumba uwu ukuŵa na ngalaŵa zikuruzikuru na maboti ghakurughakuru. Mu 2017, dowoko ili likawovwira ŵanthu 5,340,559. Kweniso, dowoko ili ni limoza mwa dowoko la vinthu ivyo vikwenda chomene mu charu ichi, ndipo mu 2017 likapeleka matani 9,162,340. Pa vyaru vya ku North America, ni malo ghaciŵiri kufuma ku New Orleans' Port of South Louisiana pa nkhani ya katundu uyo wakunjira mu vyaru vya Latin America. Mlonga uwu uli na malo ghakukwana maekala 2 ndipo uli na malo ghakukwelerako ŵanthu 7. Charu cha China ndicho chikuguliska katundu munandi chomene mu dowoko ili. Mu Miami muli malo ghakurughakuru chomene pa charu chose agho muli maofesi gha Carnival Cruise Line, Celebrity Cruises, Norwegian Cruise Line, Oceania Cruises, na Royal Caribbean International. Mu 2014, Port of Miami Tunnel yikajulika, ndipo yikayaniska MacArthur Causeway na PortMiami.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Cordle |first=Ina Paiva |date=May 28, 2014 |title=The new PortMiami tunnel's opening is delayed until mid-June |work=The Miami Herald |url=http://www.miamiherald.com/2014/05/28/4143644/the-new-portmiami-tunnels-opening.html |access-date=June 6, 2014}}</ref> ===Tourism and conventions=== [[File:Miami-florida-royal-caribbean-building.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|The [[Royal Caribbean International]] headquarters at [[PortMiami]]]] Kukopa ŵalendo ni mwa makampani ghakuru comene gha Miami, ndipo uli na nchito zakujumpha 144,800 mu Miami-Dade County.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jordan |first=John |date=May 2, 2018 |title=Greater Miami Tourism Industry Setting Records |url=https://www.globest.com/2018/05/02/greater-miami-tourism-industry-setting-records/?slreturn=20180904191824 |access-date=April 1, 2019 |website=globest.com |publisher=GlobeSt}}</ref> Chifukwa chakuti tawuni iyi yikuzunulika kanandi waka mu sumu, mafilimu, na vinyake, yikumanyikwa pa charu chose. Mu 2016, msumba uwu ndiwo ukaŵa na ŵalendo ŵanandi chomene kuluska msumba unyake uliwose wa ku United States, pamanyuma pa New York City. Mu 2017, ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 15.9 miliyoni ŵakiza ku Miami, ndipo ndalama izo ŵakasanga zikaŵa madola mabiliyoni 26.1.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Herrera |first=Chabeli |date=May 1, 2018 |title=Despite Irma, Miami tourism grew in 2017. Will Asia flights make 2018 even better? |work=miamiherald.com |publisher=Miami Herald |url=https://www.miamiherald.com/latest-news/article210209129.html |access-date=April 1, 2019}}</ref> Chifukwa cha mahotelo ghanandi na malo ghakusoperapo gha ku Miami Beach Convention Center, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakutemwa kuluta ku maungano gha chigaŵa. Malo ghanyake agho ŵanthu ŵakutemwa kuluta ku Miami ni South Beach, Lincoln Road, Bayside Marketplace, Downtown Miami, na Brickell City Centre. Chigaŵa cha Art Deco ku Miami Beach chikucemeka kuti ni cimoza mwa vigaŵa vyakutowa comene pa caru cose cifukwa ca malo gha maseŵero ghausiku, milyango ya nyanja, nyumba zakale, na mashopu. Vinthu ivyo vikuchitika chaka na chaka nga ni Miami Open, Art Basel, Winter Music Conference, South Beach Wine and Food Festival, na Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week Miami vikukopa ŵanthu ŵanandi ku msumba uwu. ==Mwambo== {{See also|LGBT culture in Miami|List of films and television shows set in Miami|Music of Miami}} Mu msumba wa Miami muli ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakukhala mu vyaru vyakupambanapambana. Miami wakumanyikwa na zina lakuti "Magic City" cifukwa ca kuŵa na ŵanthu ŵanandi cifukwa ca ucoko wake ndiposo kukura kwake. Msumba uwu ngwakucemeka comene cifukwa ca nkhondo ya vyandyali iyo yikacitika mu ma 1980 ndiposo cifukwa ca kawonekero kake. Likumanyikwaso na zina lakuti "Mzinda wa ku Latin America" cifukwa ca ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakuyowoya Cisipanishi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fajardo |first=Luis |date=May 16, 2016 |title=How Miami became the capital of affluent Latin America |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-36281648 |access-date=May 16, 2016 |website=[[BBC News]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Alvarez |first=Lizette |date=July 19, 2014 |title=Influx of South Americans Drives Miami's Reinvention |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/20/us/20miami.html |access-date=July 19, 2014 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Miami yikaŵa malo gha mafilimu ghanandi na ma TV, kusazgapo Miami Vice, Cocaine Cowboys, Burn Notice, Jane the Virgin, Scarface, The Birdcage, Ace Ventura: Pet Detective, The Golden Girls, 2 Fast 2 Furious, na Dexter. Maseŵera gha pa vidiyo ghanandi, kusazgapo Hotline Miami, maseŵero gha pa galimoto gha Gameloft gha Asphalt Overdrive, Scarface: The World Is Yours, na Vice City mu maseŵero ghanandi gha pa vidiyo gha Grand Theft Auto, chomenechomene Grand Theft Auto: Vice City, ghakujintha pa Miami.<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 27, 2002 |title=Grand Theft Auto: Vice City Graphics Q&A |url=https://www.gamespot.com/articles/grand-theft-auto-vice-city-graphics-qanda/1100-2881042/ |access-date=May 29, 2018 |website=GameSpot |language=en-US}}</ref> ===Entertainment and performing arts=== {{main|Music of Miami}} [[File:Knightconcerthall.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts, malo ghaciŵiri ghakurughakuru mu United States]] Padera pa viphikiro ivyo vikuchitika chaka chilichose nga ni Calle Ocho Festival, ku Miami kuli malo ghanandi gha vyakusanguluska, malo ghakusungirako vinthu vyakale, malo ghakusungirako vinthu vyakale, na malo ghanyake ghakuchitirako vyakusanguluska. Malo ghaphya agho ŵanthu ŵakutemwa ku Miami ni Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts, uko kuli Florida Grand Opera, ndipo ni malo ghaciŵiri ghakuru comene ku United States pamanyuma pa Lincoln Center mu msumba wa New York. Ku malo agha, ŵanthu ŵakuchitako maseŵero ghanandi gha opera, ballet, makonsati, na maseŵero ghanyake ghakufuma mu vyaru vinandi. Malo ghanyake ghakusanguluskira mu Miami ni Olympia Theater, Wertheim Performing Arts Center, Fair Expo Center, Tower Theater, na Bayfront Park Amphitheater. Chiphikiro chinyake chakuzirwa ni Chiphikiro cha Mafilimu ku Miami, icho chikuchitika chaka chilichose kwa mazuŵa 10 mu sabata yakwamba ya Malichi. Mu Miami muli mafilimu ghakujumpha 6.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Miami International Film Festival |url=https://miamifilmfestival.com/ |access-date=June 20, 2019 |website=Miami Film Festival |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Tommasini |first=Anthony |date=February 4, 2007 |title=Carnival Center for the Performing Arts – Miami – Music |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/04/arts/music/04tomm.html |access-date=May 29, 2018 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Mu msumba wa Miami muli ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakwimba, ŵakwimba, ŵakwimba, na ŵakwimba. Mu tawuni iyi muli mawupu ghanandi gha vyakwimba, ma symphony, na ma conservatory. Pa malo agha pali Florida Grand Opera, FIU School of Music, Frost School of Music, na New World School of the Arts. Miami ni msumba ukuru wa mafashoni, uko kuli ŵanthu ŵakutemwa kujitozga na mawupu ghanyake ghakutozga. Mu msumba uwu mukuchitika viphikiro vinandi vya mafashoni, kusazgapo chiphikiro cha Miami Fashion Week na Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week Miami. Miami yizamuŵa na sinema yakwamba pa Sabata, Julayi 25, 2020.<ref name="miamiherald.com">{{Cite web |title=There's a new drive in movie theater on Biscayne Bay: Be sure to bring your boat |url=https://www.miamiherald.com/miami-com/things-to-do/article244378772.html |access-date=February 26, 2021 |website=[[Miami Herald]]}}</ref> ===Museums and visual arts=== [[File:Lowe.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|Lowe Art Museum pa sukulu ya University of Miami]] Muziyamu yinyake ya ku Miami muli Frost Art Museum, Frost Museum of Science, HistoryMiami, Institute of Contemporary Art, Miami Children's Museum, Pérez Art Museum, Lowe Art Museum, na Vizcaya Museum and Gardens, National Historic Landmark iyo yili pa malo ghakujumpha 28 acre ku Coconut Grove. ===Cuisine=== Vyakurya vya ku Miami vikulongora umo ŵanthu ŵakukhala, ndipo vyakurya vya ku Caribbean na Latin America vikukhwaska chomene. Pakusazga vyakurya viŵiri ivi na vyakurya vya ku America, ŵanthu ŵa ku South Florida ŵakamba kuphika vyakurya vyakupambanapambana. Chiŵiya ichi chili palipose mu Miami na South Florida ndipo mungachisanga mu malo ghakurya nga ni Pollo Tropical. Ŵalendo ŵa ku Cuba awo ŵakaluta ku Miami mu ma 1960, ndiwo ŵakambiska cakurya ici. Ŵakiza na cakurya ca usiku, ca Cuban espresso, ca Bistec de palomilla, na ca croquetas. Mazuŵa ghano, ŵanthu ŵakutemwa kugwiliskira ntchito makuni agha ndipo ŵakughawona mu mawindo gha mashopu gha mu tawuni, chomenechomene kuwaro kwa mashopu na malo ghakurya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cuban Sandwich, History of Cuban Sandwich, History of Cubano Sandwich |url=http://whatscookingamerica.net/History/Sandwiches/CubanSandwich.htm |website=Whatscookingamerica.net |date=May 21, 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Local Cuisine in Miami at Frommer's |url=http://www.frommers.com/destinations/miami/0017024034.html |access-date=October 8, 2012 |website=Frommers.com}}</ref> Vinyake mwa malo agha, nga ni malo ghakurya gha Versailles mu Little Havana, ni malo ghakurya gha ku Miami. Mzinda wa Miami uli pa Nyanja ya Atlantic, ndipo uli na mbiri yakale ya kuzenga nyanja. Kweniso mu msumba uwu ndimo muli malo ghakurughakuru gha vyakurya nga ni Burger King na Benihana. === Chiyowoyero === {{Main|Miami accent}} Mu chigaŵa cha Miami muli chiyowoyero chinyake chapadera icho ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakuyowoya. Chiyowoyero ichi chikamba kumanyikwa pakati pa ŵanthu ŵakufuma ku Spain awo ŵali kubabika mu vyaka vya m'ma 2000 na 2000, kusazgapo ŵanthu ŵakufuma ku Cuba awo ŵakayowoyanga Chingelezi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 27, 2013 |title=Miami Accents: Why Locals Embrace That Heavy "L" Or Not |url=http://wlrn.org/post/miami-accents-why-locals-embrace-heavy-l-or-not?nopop=1 |access-date=September 1, 2013 |publisher=WLRN ([[WLRN-TV]] and [[WLRN-FM]])}}</ref> Chiyowoyero ichi chikukolerana na chiyowoyero cha ku America, kweni chili na vinyake ivyo vikusintha. Mwakupambana na viyowoyero vya ku Virginia Piedmont, Coastal Southern American, Northeast American, na Florida Cracker, "Miami accent" ni rhotic; kweniso yili na sumu na umo yikuyowoyekera. Ichi ni chiyowoyelo cha Chingelezi, ndipo ni chiyowoyelo cha ŵanthu awo ŵakusambira Chingelezi yayi; ntchakukwaniska kupambaniska chiyowoyelo ichi na chiyowoyelo cha ŵanthu awo ŵakuyowoya chiyowoyero chachiŵiri chifukwa chakuti "Miami accent" yikuŵa na vigaŵa vyakupambanapambana: palije chiyowoyelo cha /ɛ/ panthazi pa chiyowoyelo cha /s/, ŵanthu ŵakuteta yayi /dʒ/ na /j/, (nga ni Yale na jail), ndipo /r/ na /rr/ vikuyowoyeka nga ni alveolar approximant [ɹ] m'malo mwa alveolar tap [ɾ] panji alveolar trill [r] mu Cisipanishi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 26, 2013 |title=Miami Accents: How 'Miamah' Turned Into A Different Sort Of Twang |url=http://wlrn.org/post/miami-accents-how-miamah-turned-different-sort-twang |access-date=September 1, 2013 |publisher=WLRN ([[WLRN-TV]] & [[WLRN-FM]])}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Haggin |first=Patience |date=August 27, 2013 |title=Miami Accents: Why Locals Embrace That Heavy "L" Or Not |url=https://y-dc.info/2020/09/17/miami-accents-why-locals-embrace-heavy-l-or-not/ |access-date=August 10, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Watts |first=Gabriella |date=August 26, 2013 |title=Miami Accents: How 'Miamah' Turned Into A Different Sort Of Twang |url=http://wlrn.org/post/miami-accents-how-miamah-turned-different-sort-twang |access-date=August 10, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Haggin |first=Patience |date=September 16, 2013 |title=English in the 305 has its own distinct Miami sound |work=[[Miami Herald]] |url=http://www.miamiherald.com/2013/09/07/3609984/english-in-the-305-has-its-own.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203181803/http://www.miamiherald.com/2013/09/07/3609984/english-in-the-305-has-its-own.html |archive-date=December 3, 2013}}</ref> == Maseŵera == {{Main|Sports in Miami}} {{See also|Florida Panthers|Inter Miami CF|Miami Dolphins|Miami Heat|Miami Hurricanes|Miami Marlins}} [[File:200127-H-PX819-0092.jpg|right|thumb|upright=1.2|[[Hard Rock Stadium]] is the home field for the [[Miami Dolphins]] of the [[National Football League]], the [[Miami Hurricanes football|Miami Hurricanes football team]] of the [[University of Miami]], and [[College Football Playoff]]'s [[Orange Bowl]] game held annually each January.]] [[File:Marlins First Pitch at Marlins Park, April 4, 2012 (cropped).jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|[[LoanDepot Park]], home of the [[Miami Marlins]] of [[Major League Baseball]]]] Magulu gha maseŵero ghanayi gha Miami ni Inter Miami CF ya Major League Soccer (MLS), Miami Dolphins ya National Football League (NFL), Miami Heat ya National Basketball Association (NBA), Miami Marlins ya Major League Baseball (MLB), na Florida Panthers ya National Hockey League (NHL). Miami Open, chiphalizgano cha tenesi chaka chilichose, chikachitikanga ku Key Biscayne pambere chindasamukire ku Hard Rock Stadium pamanyuma pakuti chiphalizgano ichi chikagulika na mwenecho wa Miami Dolphins Stephen Ross mu 2019. Mu tawuni iyi muli malo ghanandi ghakusungirako ŵanthu, malo ghakusoperapo, na malo ghakusoperapo gofu. Kale mu misewu ya msumba uwu mukaŵanga masitima gha magalimoto, chomenechomene Grand Prix of Miami, Grand Prix of Miami, na Grand Prix of Formula One.<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 18, 2021 |title=Miami Grand Prix to join F1 calendar in 2022, with exciting new circuit planned |url=https://www.formula1.com/en/latest/article.miami-grand-prix-to-join-f1-calendar-in-2022.44Dqc0CfhQzb7bb7MIjkqX.html |access-date=March 9, 2022 |website=Formula1.com}}</ref> Ku Homestead-Miami Speedway Oval ndiko kukuchitikira maseŵero gha NASCAR. The Heat na Marlins ŵakuseŵera mu msumba wa Miami, ku Miami-Dade Arena mu Downtown na LoanDepot Park mu Little Havana, mwakulondezgana. Marlins Park yikazengeka pa malo agho pakaŵa sitediyamu yakale ya Miami Orange Bowl. Miami Dolphins yikuseŵera pa Hard Rock Stadium mu chigaŵa cha Miami Gardens, apo Florida Panthers yikuseŵera kufupi na Sunrise pa FLA Live Arena. Inter Miami CF yikuseŵera pa DRV PNK Stadium ku Fort Lauderdale, kwa nyengo yitali mpaka apo chiŵanja cha maseŵero chikapangikenge ku Miami. Miami FC ndi timu ina ya mpira yomwe imasewera mu USL Championship yachiwiri ya mpira wa US Professional. Mpingo uwu ukuchitiska maseŵero gha kwawo pa Riccardo Silva Stadium pa campus ya Florida International University (FIU) ku Miami. Orange Bowl, yimoza mwa maseŵero ghakuru gha mu NCAA College Football Playoff, yikuseŵereka pa Hard Rock Stadium nyengo yiliyose ya cihanya. Sitediyamu iyi yikachitiskaso maseŵero gha Super Bowl. Mu chigaŵa cha Miami, maseŵero agha ghakachitikapo maulendo 10. Ku Miami nako kuli magulu ghanandi gha maseŵero gha ku koleji. Vinyake mwa vyaru ivi ni vya University of Miami Hurricanes, ivyo vili pa Hard Rock Stadium, na Florida International University Panthers, ivyo vili pa Ricardo Silva Stadium. Gulu la Hurricanes likuchita mpikisano mu Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC), apo gulu la Panthers likuchita mpikisano mu Conference USA ya National Collegiate Athletic Association.<ref>{{Cite web |title=University of Miami Athletics – Official Athletics Website |url=https://miamihurricanes.com/ |access-date=October 23, 2022 |website=[[Miami Hurricanes]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=FIU Athletics |url=https://fiusports.com/ |access-date=October 23, 2022 |website=FIUsports.com}}</ref> Ku Miami nako kuli mahachi gha Paso Fino, ndipo pa malo agha pakachitikanga viphalizgano vya mahachi. Miami ndi umoza mwa misumba 11 ya ku US iyo yizamuchitiska FIFA World Cup ya 2026. Ivi ni vyalo vikuruvikuru vya maseŵero mu chigaŵa cha Miami: {|class="wikitable" style="margin:0 auto; width:100%;" |+ Miami major league professional sports teams |- !Club !Sport !Miami Area since !League !Venue !League Championships |- |[[Miami Dolphins]] |[[American football]] |1965 |[[National Football League]] |[[Hard Rock Stadium]] |1972 ([[Super Bowl VII|VII]]), 1973 ([[Super Bowl VIII|VIII]]) |- |[[Florida Panthers]] |[[Ice hockey]] |1993 |[[National Hockey League]] |[[FLA Live Arena]] |- |[[Miami Heat]] |Basketball |1988 |[[National Basketball Association]] |[[Miami-Dade Arena]] |2006,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Robbins |first=Liz |date=June 21, 2006 |title=Heat Claims Its First Championship |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/06/21/sports/basketball/21nba.html |access-date=October 23, 2022 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> 2012,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Lee |first=Michael |date=June 22, 2012 |title=NBA Finals 2012: LeBron James, Miami Heat rout Oklahoma City Thunder to win championship |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/wizards/nba-finals-2012-lebron-james-miami-heat-rout-oklahoma-city-thunder-to-win-championship/2012/06/22/gJQAPLA7tV_story.html |access-date=October 23, 2022}}</ref> 2013<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kay |first=Alex |date=June 20, 2013 |title=Miami Heat Defeat San Antonio Spurs 95-88 to Win 2013 NBA Championship |url=https://bleacherreport.com/articles/1679507-miami-heat-defeat-san-antonio-spurs-95-88-to-win-2013-nba-championship |access-date=October 23, 2022 |website=[[Bleacher Report]]}}</ref> |- |[[Miami Marlins]] |Baseball |1993 |[[Major League Baseball]] |[[LoanDepot Park]] |1997, 2003 |- |[[Inter Miami CF]] |Soccer |2018 |[[Major League Soccer]] |[[DRV PNK Stadium]] |} ==Malo ghachisangalalo na mu mphepete mwa nyanja== [[File:Bayfront Park - panoramio (5).jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|[[Bayfront Park]] on [[Biscayne Bay]], February 2017]] Msumba wa Miami uli na malo ghakupambanapambana agho ghakwendeskeka na National Park Service, Florida Division of Recreation and Parks, na City of Miami Department of Parks and Recreation. Nyengo ya ku Miami njakuthukira comene, ndipo yikovwira kuti munthu wacitenge vyakusanguluska vya kuwaro cilimika cose. Mu tawuni iyi muli malo ghanandi ghakuyezgera boti, milonga, mabayi, na nyanja ya Atlantic. Mu Biscayne Bay muli malibwe ghanandi agho ghakovwira kuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakondwenge na kusambira. Mu tawuni iyi muli malo ghakujumpha 80 ghakusungirako vyakurya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Miami parks |url=http://www.miamigov.com/cms/parks/15_16.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080820083309/http://www.miamigov.com/cms/parks/15_16.asp |archive-date=August 20, 2008 |access-date=June 27, 2009 |publisher=Miamigov.com}}</ref> Malo ghakurughakuru na ghakumanyikwa chomene nga ni Bayfront Park na Museum Park (ghakuŵa mu msumba wa Downtown, uko kuli Miami-Dade Arena na Bayside Marketplace), Tropical Park, Peacock Park, Virginia Key, na Watson Island. Malo ghanyake agho ŵanthu ŵakutemwa kuluta ku malo ghakusangwa na vyakurya ghakaŵa Zoo Miami, Jungle Island, Miami Seaquarium, Monkey Jungle, Coral Castle, Charles Deering Estate, Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, na Key Biscayne. Mu 2020 ParkScore ranking yake, The Trust for Public Land yikati malo gha paki mu msumba wa Miami ghakaŵa malo gha 64 pa malo gha mapaki ghawemi chomene mu misumba 100 ya ku US, kufuma pa malo gha 48 mu 2017. Msumba wa Miami ukawonekanga kuti uli na malo ghakukwana 2.6 acres, malo ghakukwana 6.5%, 87% ya ŵanthu awo ŵakukhala mu msumba uwu ŵakwenda maminiti 10 kufuma ku malo agha, ndipo munthu waliyose wakugwiliskira ntchito ndalama zakukwana $48.39 pa malo agha.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2021 Parkscore index: Access |url=https://parkserve.tpl.org/mapping/pdfs/Miami,%20FL.pdf |access-date=August 3, 2021 |publisher=The Trust for Public Land}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=ParkScore 2018: Ranking Analysis |url=https://parkscore.tpl.org/rankings_advanced.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181110112624/http://parkscore.tpl.org/rankings_advanced.php |archive-date=November 10, 2018 |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=The Trust for Public Land}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=ParkScore Rankings 2017 |url=https://parkscore.tpl.org/historic/2017_ParkScoreRank.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181108065401/https://parkscore.tpl.org/historic/2017_ParkScoreRank.pdf |archive-date=November 8, 2018 |access-date=November 8, 2018 |website=The Trust for Public Land}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Monkey Jungle homepage |url=https://www.monkeyjungle.com/ |access-date=February 27, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Coral Castle Museum Info |url=https://coralcastle.com/museum-info/ |access-date=February 27, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=About Miami Seaquarium |url=https://www.miamiseaquarium.com/plan-a-visit/about-miami-seaquarium |access-date=February 27, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Deering Estate history |url=https://deeringestate.org/history/ |access-date=February 27, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=About Zoo Miami |url=https://www.zoomiami.org/about-the-zoo |access-date=February 27, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Jungle Island Homepage |url=https://www.jungleisland.com/ |access-date=February 27, 2022}}</ref> == Dango na boma == [[File:Miami FL Pan Am Bldg city hall02.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|[[Miami City Hall]], located at [[Dinner Key]] in [[Coconut Grove]], is home to Miami's primary administrative offices.]] {{Main|Government of the City of Miami}} {{See also|List of mayors of Miami}} {{Further|Youth Crime Watch of America}} Boma la msumba wa Miami likugwiliskira nchito ndondomeko ya meya na mwimiliri. Komiti ya tawuni iyi yili na ŵanthu ŵankhondi awo ŵakusankhika kufuma mu vigaŵa ivyo vili na munthu yumoza. Komiti ya msumba ni wupu wakulongozga uwo uli na mazaza ghakufumiska malango, na kuchita milimo yose iyo yili kulembekera msumba. Mulara wa msumba wakusankhika na ŵanthu wose ndipo wakusora mulongozgi wa msumba. Msumba wa Miami ukwendeskeka na meya Francis Suarez na makomiti 5 agho ghakulaŵilira vigaŵa vinkhondi vya msumba uwu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mayor Francis Suarez – City of Miami |url=https://www.miamigov.com/My-Government/City-Officials/Mayor-Francis-Suarez |access-date=July 31, 2022 |website=miamigov.com}}</ref> Maungano gha komiti iyi ghakuchitikira ku Miami City Hall, ku 3500 Pan American Drive pa Dinner Key mu chigaŵa cha Coconut Grove. Mu Nyumba ya Wupu Wakulongozga ya United States, boma la Miami likwimira ŵa Republican Maria Elvira Salazar na Mario Diaz-Balart, pamoza na Democrat Frederica Wilson. ===City Commission=== {{See also|List of mayors of Miami}} # '''[[Francis Suarez]] – Mayor of the City of Miami''' * '''[[Alex Diaz de la Portilla]] – Miami Commissioner, District 1''' ::[[Allapattah]] and [[Grapeland Heights]] * '''Sabina Covo – Miami Commissioner, District 2''' ::[[Arts & Entertainment District]], [[Brickell]], [[Coconut Grove]], [[Coral Way]], [[Greater Downtown Miami|Downtown Miami]], [[Edgewater (Miami)|Edgewater]], [[Midtown Miami]], [[Park West (Miami)|Park West]] and the South part [[Upper Eastside]] * '''[[Joe Carollo]] – Miami Commissioner, District 3''' ::[[Coral Way]], [[Little Havana]] and [[The Roads]] * '''Manolo Reyes – Miami Commissioner, District 4''' ::[[Coral Way]], [[Flagami]] and [[West Flagler]] * '''Christine King – Miami Commissioner, District 5''' ::[[Buena Vista (Miami)|Buena Vista]], [[Miami Design District|Design District]], [[Liberty City (Miami)|Liberty City]], [[Little Haiti]], [[Little River (Miami)|Little River]], [[Lummus Park Historic District|Lummus Park]], [[Overtown (Miami)|Overtown]], [[Spring Garden (Miami)|Spring Garden]] and [[Wynwood]] and northern part of the [[Upper Eastside]] * '''Arthur Noriega – City Manager''' * '''Victoria Méndez – City Attorney''' * '''Todd B. Hannon – City Clerk''' ==Masambilo== {{See also|Miami-Dade Public Library System}} ===Colleges and universities=== [[File:Florida International University Parkview Housing.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|[[Florida International University]], with its main campus in nearby [[University Park, Florida|University Park]], is the largest university in [[South Florida]] and the fourth largest university by enrollment in the U.S. It is also one of Florida's primary research universities.]] [[File:University of Miami Otto G. Richter Library.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|Founded in 1925, the [[University of Miami]] in nearby [[Coral Gables, Florida|Coral Gables]] is Florida's top ranked private institution of higher education.]] Chigaŵa cha Miami-Dade chili na ŵana ŵa sukulu ŵakujumpha 200,000 awo ŵali kulembeska ku makoleji na maunivesite gha mu chigaŵa ichi. Mu 2010, makoleji na maunivesite ghanayi ghakurughakuru mu msumba uwu, Miami Dade College, Florida International University, University of Miami, na Barry University, ghakafumiska ŵana ŵa sukulu 28,000. Mu msumba wa Miami muli mawupu ghanandi agho ghakusambizga ŵanthu ntchito za mawoko kweniso ghanyake ghakovwira ŵanthu. Mwaciyelezgero, Per Scholas ni wupu uwo ukupeleka masambiro ghaulere ghakovwira kuti munthu waŵe na mwaŵi wa kufiska viyezgelero vya CompTIA A+ na Network+ kuti wasange nchito na kuzenga nchito.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Olson |first=Elizabeth |date=November 10, 2010 |title=Helping Veterans Find Civilian Jobs |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/11/giving/11VETS.html}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Training Workers for Good Jobs |url=http://www.perscholas.org/articles/News%20NYT.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080820024613/http://perscholas.org/articles/News%20NYT.pdf |archive-date=August 20, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Building a Career Path Where There Was Just a Dead End |url=http://www.perscholas.org/articles/Building-a-Career-Path.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080720181355/http://www.perscholas.org/articles/Building-a-Career-Path.pdf |archive-date=July 20, 2008}}</ref> Masukulu gha ku koleji na mayunivesite mu Miami na vigaŵa vyapafupi: * [[Barry University]], [[Miami Shores, Florida|Miami Shores]] * [[Broward College]], [[Fort Lauderdale, Florida|Fort Lauderdale]] * [[Florida Atlantic University]], [[Boca Raton, Florida|Boca Raton]] * [[Florida International University]], [[University Park, Florida|University Park]] * [[Florida Memorial University]], [[Miami Gardens, Florida|Miami Gardens]] * [[Keiser University]], [[Fort Lauderdale, Florida|Fort Lauderdale]] * [[Miami Dade College]], Miami * [[Miami International University of Art & Design]] * [[Nova Southeastern University]], [[Davie, Florida|Davie]] * Palm Beach Atlantic University, [[West Palm Beach, Florida|West Palm Beach]] * [[Palm Beach State College]], [[Lake Worth Beach, Florida|Lake Worth Beach]] * [[St. Thomas University (Florida)|St. Thomas University]], [[Miami Gardens, Florida|Miami Gardens]] * [[Southeastern College]], [[West Palm Beach, Florida|West Palm Beach]] * [[Talmudic University|Talmudic University of Florida]], [[Miami Beach, Florida|Miami Beach]] * [[University of Fort Lauderdale]], [[Lauderhill, Florida|Lauderhill]] * [[University of Miami]], [[Coral Gables, Florida|Coral Gables]] ===Primary and secondary schools=== {{Main|Miami-Dade County Public Schools}} [[File:Miami Senior High School July 2013.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|[[Miami Senior High School]], founded in 1903, is Miami's first high school.]] Sukulu za boma ku Miami zikulongozgeka na Miami-Dade County Public Schools, iyo ni sukulu yikuru comene mu Florida ndiposo yacinayi mu United States. Mu Seputembala 2008, sukulu iyi yikaŵa na ŵana ŵa sukulu 385,655 kweniso masukulu na malo ghakujumpha 392. Chigaŵa ichi ndicho chili na masukulu ghakurughakuru chomene gha ŵanthu ŵachoko waka mu charu ichi, ndipo ŵana ŵa sukulu 60 pa 100 ŵalipo ŵa mtundu wa Hispanic, 28 pa 100 ŵalipo ŵa mtundu wa Black panji West Indian, 10 pa 100 ŵalipo ŵa mtundu wa White (ŵambura kufuma ku Spain) ndipo 2 pa 100 ŵalipo ŵa mitundu yinyake. Ku Miami kuli masukulu ghapachanya ghapachanya gha mu charu ichi, nga ni Design and Architecture High School, masukulu ghapachanya chomene mu charu ichi, MAST Academy, Coral Reef High School, masukulu ghapachanya ghapachanya ghapachanya ghapachanya gha 20 mu U.S., Miami Palmetto High School, na New World School of the Arts.<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=November 12, 2007 |title=Gold Medal Schools |url=https://www.usnews.com/articles/education/high-schools/2007/11/29/gold-medal-schools.html |magazine=[[U.S. News & World Report]] |access-date=April 18, 2008}}</ref> M-DCPS nayo njimoza mwa masukulu gha boma ghachoko waka mu United States agho ghakusambizga mu viyowoyero viŵiri. Mu msumba wa Miami muli masukulu ghanandi gha Katolika, Chiyuda, na ghanyake. Mu tawuni iyi muli masukulu gha Katolika. Hugh Catholic School, St. Sukulu ya Agatha Catholic, St. Sukulu ya Theresa, Immaculata-Lasalle High School, Monsignor Edward Pace High School, Archbishop Curley-Notre Dame High School, St. Sukulu ya Brendan High, pamoza na masukulu ghanyake ghanandi gha Katolika. Masukulu ghakusambizgira gha Katolika agho ghakulongozgeka na ŵaliska ŵa visopa ni Belen Jesuit Preparatory School na Christopher Columbus High School gha ŵanyamata na Carrollton School of the Sacred Heart na Our Lady of Lourdes Academy ya ŵasungwana. Masukulu ghapadera gha ku Miami agho ghakusopa yayi ni Ransom Everglades, Gulliver Preparatory School, na Miami Country Day School. Masukulu ghanyake mu cigaŵa ici ni Samuel Scheck Hillel Community Day School, Dade Christian School, Palmer Trinity School, Westminster Christian School, na Riviera Schools. ===Supplementary education=== Hoshuko wa ku Miami, ni sukulu ya ku Japan ya nyengo yichoko waka ya ŵanthu ŵa ku Japan na ŵanthu ŵa ku Japan. Pakwamba, malo agha ghakaŵa ku Virginia Key, ku Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science. Pasono sukulu iyi yikucita masambiro mu Westchester ndipo yili na maofesi mu Doral.<ref name="Miamihoshu">"{{Cite web |title=ホーム |url=http://www.miamihoshuko.org/ |access-date=April 30, 2014 |website=Miami Hoshuko}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Ortega|first=Cristina M.|date=February 16, 1997|title=Lessons to bridge cultural differences|pages=1, 18–19|work=[[Miami Herald]]|location=Miami, Florida}} – [https://www.newspapers.com/clip/94336390/ Clipping of first] and [https://www.newspapers.com/clip/94336404/ of second and third pages] from [[Newspapers.com]].</ref> ==Wayilesi== {{main|Media in Miami}} {{see also|Film in Miami|List of newspapers in Florida|List of radio stations in Florida|List of television stations in Florida}} [[File:Miami Herald building.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|The former headquarters of ''[[Miami Herald|The Miami Herald]]'' on [[Biscayne Bay]]]] Mu msumba wa Miami ndimo muli misika yikuru ya TV mu charu ichi, ndipo ndiyo yikuru chomene mu Florida. Mu msumba wa Miami muli manyuzipepara ghanandi ghakuru. El Nuevo Herald ni nyuzipepara yikuru comene ya Cisipanishi. Nyuzipepara ya Miami Herald na El Nuevo Herald ni nyuzipepara zikuru comene za ku Miami na South Florida. Manyuzipepara agha ghakafumako ku nyumba yawo ya ku Downtown Miami mu 2013. Maofesi gha nyuzipepara agha sono ghali mu nyumba iyo kale yikaŵa ya U.S. Ŵalongozgi ŵa ku Southern Command ŵali mu Doral.<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 16, 2013 |title=It's Moving Day for Miami Herald Staff, Reporters |url=http://miami.cbslocal.com/2013/05/16/its-moving-day-for-miami-herald-staff-reporters/ |access-date=July 28, 2013 |publisher=CBSMiami}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Local Television Market Universe Estimates |url=http://blog.nielsen.com/nielsenwire/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/2009-2010-dma-ranks.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110317170600/http://blog.nielsen.com/nielsenwire/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/2009-2010-dma-ranks.pdf |archive-date=March 17, 2011 |access-date=January 6, 2011 |publisher=nielsen}}</ref> Manyuzipepara ghanyake ghakuru ni Miami Today, ku Brickell, Miami New Times, ku Midtown, Miami SunPost, South Florida Business Journal, na The Miami Times. Kweniso nyuzipepara yinyake ya Cisipanishi yakucemeka Diario Las Americas yikupharazga mu msumba wa Miami. Manyuzipepara gha ŵana ŵa sukulu gha ku maunivesite gha ku malo agha ghakaŵa The Miami Hurricane, Florida International University's The Beacon, Miami-Dade College's The Metropolis, na Barry University's The Buccaneer. Magazini ghanandi ghakusindikizgika mu chigaŵa chose cha Miami, kusazgapo Miami Monthly, tawuni yimoza pera ya kumwera kwa Florida, na Ocean Drive. Miami ni malo ghakusungirako ma TV ghakurughakuru gha pa caru cose, makampani ghakusungirako ma CD, makampani ghakupharazga, na maofesi gha kupanga, nga ni Telemundo, Univision, Univision Communications, Mega TV, Universal Music Latin Entertainment, RCTV International na Sunbeam Television. Mu 2009, Univision yikapharazga kuti yikukhumba kuzenga studio yiphya ku Miami, yakucemeka Univision Studios. Pa nyengo yasono, ofesi yikuru ya Univision Studios yili ku Miami, ndipo yikupanga mapulogiramu ghose gha pa wayilesi ya Univision Communications. Miami ni msika ukuru comene wa mawayilesi wa nambara 12 na wa TV wa nambara 17 mu United States. Malo gha TV agho ghakupharazga mu chigaŵa cha Miami ni WAMI (UniMás O&O), WBFS (Independent), WSFL (The CW), WFOR (CBS O&O), WHFT (TBN), WLTV (Univision O&O), WPLG (ABC), WPXM (Ion), WSCV (Telemundo), WSVN (Fox), WTVJ (NBC O&O), WPBT (PBS), na WLRN (PBS).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Top 50 Radio Markets Ranked By Metro 12+ Population, Spring 2005 |url=http://www.mediainfocenter.org/compare/top50/#radio |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080419055254/http://www.mediainfocenter.org/compare/top50/ |archive-date=April 19, 2008 |access-date=April 20, 2008 |publisher=Northwestern University Media Management Center}}</ref><ref>{{Cite press release |title=Univision Announces Launch of Univision Studios |date=December 7, 2009 |publisher=Business Wire |url=http://www.businesswire.com/portal/site/home/permalink/?ndmViewId=news_view&newsId=20091207005550&newsLang=en |access-date=October 30, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Top 50 TV markets ranked by households |url=http://www.mediainfocenter.org/compare/top50/#tv |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080419055254/http://www.mediainfocenter.org/compare/top50/ |archive-date=April 19, 2008 |access-date=April 20, 2008 |publisher=Northwestern University Media Management Center}}</ref> ==Transportation== {{Main|Transportation in South Florida}} {{See also|Brightline|Tri-Rail}} Kuyana na kafukufuku uyo wakacitika ku America mu 2016, ŵanthu 72.3% awo ŵakakhalanga mu msumba wa Miami ŵakendanga paŵekha, 8.7% ŵakendanga paŵekha, 9% ŵakendanga pa galimoto, ndipo 3.7% ŵakendanga pasi. Pafupifupi ŵanthu 1.8% ndiwo ŵakendanga pa galimoto, njinga yamoto, na njinga. Pa ŵanthu awo ŵakakhalanga mu msumba wa Miami, 4.5% ŵakagwiranga nchito ku nyumba. Mu 2015, ŵanthu 19.9% mu msumba wa Miami ŵakaŵavya galimoto, ndipo mu 2016 ŵakakhalapo 18.6%. Pa caru cose, ciŵelengero ici cikaŵa 8.7 peresenti mu 2016. Ku Miami, mu 2016, nyumba yiliyose yikaŵa na magalimoto pafupifupi 1.24 pakuyaniska na nyumba yiliyose ya 1.8 pa charu chose.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=December 9, 2014 |title=Car Ownership in U.S. Cities Data and Map |url=http://www.governing.com/gov-data/car-ownership-numbers-of-vehicles-by-city-map.html |journal=Governing |access-date=May 18, 2018}}</ref> ===Expressways and roads=== [[File:Venetian Causeway South Beach.jpg|upright=1.2|thumb|[[Venetian Causeway]] (left) and [[MacArthur Causeway]] (right) connect [[Greater Downtown Miami|Downtown]] and [[South Beach]].]] [[File:A306, Skyline at twilight, Miami, Florida, USA, 2010.JPG|thumb|upright=1.2|[[Florida State Road 886|State Road 886]], also known as Port Boulevard, connects [[Greater Downtown Miami|Downtown Miami]] and [[PortMiami]] over [[Biscayne Bay]].]] Misewu ya Miami yikwenda mu mizere ya mizere ya Miami uko Flagler Street ndiyo yili kumafumiro gha dazi na kumanjiliro gha dazi ndipo Miami Avenue ndiyo yili kumpoto na kumwera. Khonde la Flagler Street na Miami Avenue lili pakatikati pa Downtown panthazi pa Downtown Macy's (kale likuru la Burdine). Chigaŵa cha Miami chili na manambara mwakuti maadiresi ghose gha misewu kumpoto kwa Flagler Street na kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Miami Avenue ghali na "NW". Pakuti malo ghake ghali ku Downtown, kufupi na mumphepete mwa nyanja, vigaŵa vya "NW" na "SW" ni vikuru comene kuluska vya "SE" na "NE". Misewu yinandi, comenecomene misewu yikuru, nayo yikucemeka mazina (nga ni Tamiami Trail/SW 8th St), nangauli mwapadera, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakugwiliskira nchito mazina agha. Mu chigaŵa ichi, misewu ya kumpoto na kumwera yikuchemeka makhoti misewu yikuru yikwenda mtunda wa kilomita yimoza. Mu misewu ya kumpoto na kumwera muli mabwalo 16, ndipo misewu ya kumafumiro gha dazi na kumanjiliro gha dazi yili na mabwalo 10. Misewu yikuru ya kumpoto na kumwera yikumalira pa "7" nga ni 17th, 27th, 37th/Douglas Aves., 57th/Red Rd., 67th/Ludlam, 87th/Galloway, na vinyake. (Chinthu chinyake chakuzirwa chomene ni 42nd Avenue, LeJeune Road, iyo yili pa malo gha hafu ya mtunda.) Misewu yikuru ya kumafumiro gha dazi na kumanjiliro gha dazi kumwera kwa Downtown njakupambanapambana na 16, nangauli malo ghakwamba gha ndondomeko iyi ni SW 8th St, hafu ya mtunda kumwera kwa Flagler ("zeroth") Street. Ntheura misewu yikuru yili pa 8th St., 24th St. / Coral Way, 40th St. /Bird, 56th/Miller, 72nd/ Sunset, 88th/N. Kendall, 104th (pakwamba S. Kendall), 120th/Montgomery, 136th/Howard, 152nd/Coral Reef, 168th/Richmond, 184th/Eureka, 200th/Quail Roost, 216th/Hainlin Mill, 232nd/Silver Palm, 248th/Coconut Palm, etc., mu vyaka vya m'ma 300. Mu gridi iyi, maadiresi gha viŵelengero vyambura kwenelera ghali kumpoto panji kumafumiro gha dazi, ndipo gha viŵelengero vyambura kwenelera ghali kumwera panji kumanjiliro gha dazi. Misewu na misewu yose mu chigaŵa cha Miami-Dade yikulondezga mizere ya Miami, kupaturako vichoko waka, chomenechomene mu Coral Gables, Hialeah, Coconut Grove na Miami Beach. Malo ghanyake ghakuchemeka The Roads, cifukwa misewu yake yikufumako ku mizere ya ku Miami, ndipo yili na makona 45. Chigaŵa cha Miami-Dade chili na misewu yinayi ya Interstate Highways (I-75, I-95, I-195, I-395) na misewu yinandi ya U.S. Misewu yikuruyikuru, kusazgapo misewu ya ku United States Msewu wa 1, U.S. Msewu wa 27, U.S. Msewu wa 41, na U.S. Msewu wa 441.<div style="float:right;" class="right"> {|class="wikitable" |- !colspan=3|Miami Causeways |- ! Name ! Termini ! Year built |- |[[Rickenbacker Causeway]] |[[Brickell]] and [[Key Biscayne, Florida|Key Biscayne]] |1947 |- |[[Venetian Causeway]] |[[Greater Downtown Miami|Downtown]] and [[South Beach]] |1912–1925 |- |[[MacArthur Causeway]] |[[Greater Downtown Miami|Downtown]] and [[South Beach]] |1920 |- |[[Julia Tuttle Causeway]] |[[Wynwood, Miami, Florida|Wynwood]]/[[Edgewater, Miami, Florida|Edgewater]] and [[Miami Beach]] |1959 |- |[[Florida State Road 934|79th Street Causeway]] |[[Upper Eastside, Miami, Florida|Upper East Side]] and [[North Beach (Miami Beach)|North Beach]] |1929 |- |[[Broad Causeway]] |[[North Miami, Florida|North Miami]] and [[Bal Harbour, Florida|Bal Harbour]] |1951 |} </div> Some of the major [[Florida State Roads]] (and their common names) serving Miami are:<!--these don't all serve Miami!--> * [[State Road 112 (Florida)|SR 112]] (Airport Expressway): [[Interstate 95 in Florida|Interstate 95]] to [[Miami International Airport|MIA]] * [[Homestead Extension of Florida's Turnpike]] (SR 821): [[Florida's Turnpike]] mainline (SR 91)/[[Miami Gardens, Florida|Miami Gardens]] to [[U.S. Route 1 (Florida)|U.S. Route 1]]/[[Florida City, Florida|Florida City]] * [[State Road 826 (Florida)|SR 826]] (Palmetto Expressway): [[Golden Glades Interchange]] to U.S. Route 1/[[Pinecrest, Florida|Pinecrest]] * [[State Road 836 (Florida)|SR 836]] (Dolphin Expressway): Downtown to SW 137th Ave via [[Miami International Airport|MIA]] * [[State Road 874 (Florida)|SR 874]] (Don Shula Expressway): 826/Bird Road to Homestead Extension of Florida's Turnpike/[[Kendall, Florida|Kendall]] * [[State Road 878 (Florida)|SR 878]] (Snapper Creek Expressway): SR 874/[[Kendall, Florida|Kendall]] to U.S. Route 1/Pinecrest & [[South Miami, Florida|South Miami]] * [[State Road 924 (Florida)|SR 924]] (Gratigny Parkway) [[Miami Lakes, Florida|Miami Lakes]] to [[Opa-locka, Florida|Opa-locka]] Miami yili na misewu yikuru yinkhondi na umoza iyo yikwenda pa Biscayne Bay, ndipo yikukolerana na chigaŵa cha kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa charu, na virwa vya kumafumiro gha dazi kwa nyanja ya Atlantic. Msewu wa Rickenbacker Causeway ndiwo uli kumwera chomene ndipo ukukumana na Brickell na Virginia Key na Key Biscayne. Msewu wa Venetian Causeway na MacArthur Causeway ukukumana na msumba wa Downtown na South Beach. Msewu wakuchemeka Julia Tuttle Causeway, uwo ukukolerana na Midtown na Miami Beach. Msewu wa 79th Street Causeway ukuyaniska Upper East Side na North Beach. Msewu wa Broad Causeway, ndiwo ni ucoko comene pa misewu yinkhondi na yimoza ya ku Miami ndipo ukukumana na North Miami na Bay Harbor Islands na Bal Harbour. Mu 2007, boma la Miami ndilo likaŵa na ŵadokotala ŵankhaza comene mu United States. Kweniso msumba wa Miami ukucemeka kuti ni msumba wakofya comene ku ŵanthu awo ŵakwenda pasi mu United States.<ref>{{Cite news |date=December 2, 2004 |title=Dangerous Pedestrian Cities |work=CBS News |agency=Associated Press |url=http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2004/12/02/national/main658846.shtml |access-date=September 2, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Reaney |first=Patricia |date=May 15, 2007 |title=Miami drivers named the rudest |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/lifestyleMolt/idUSL1413867020070515 |access-date=September 2, 2007}}</ref> ===Public transportation=== {{See also|Metrobus (Miami-Dade County)|Metromover|Miami-Dade Transit}} [[File:Miami Metrorail Hitachi train 20190117.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|Miami's [[Metrorail (Miami-Dade County)|Metrorail]] is the city's [[rapid transit]] system and connects Miami with its outlying suburbs.]] [[File:Tri Rail 616 Opa-locka Station (8439701464).jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|Tri-Rail ni njanji ya ku Miami iyo yikwenda kumpoto na kumwera kufuma ku West Palm Beach mpaka ku Miami International Airport.]] Mtengatenga wa ŵanthu mu Miami ukwendeskeka na Miami-Dade Transit na SFRTA, ndipo yikusazgapo njanji za ŵanthu ŵakufuma ku malo ghanyake (Tri-Rail), njanji zinonono zakwendeskeka mwaluŵiro (Metrorail), njinga ya ŵanthu (Metromover), na mabasi (Metrobus). Mu msumba wa Miami muli ŵanthu ŵanandi chomene awo ŵakwenda pa galimoto chifukwa ŵanthu pafupifupi 17% ŵakwenda pa galimoto zuŵa lililose. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakwenda maminiti 90 pa sabata, ndipo 39% ŵa awo ŵakwenda pa galimoto ŵakwenda maora ghakujumpha ghaŵiri pa zuŵa. Pafupifupi munthu waliyose wakulindilira maminiti 18 pa malo ghakugwilira ntchito ya mendero. Mtunda wa ulendo umoza na magalimoto ghakurughakuru ni makilomita 12.46, ndipo ŵanthu 38% ŵakwenda mtunda wa makilomita 13.8.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Facts and usage statistics about public transit in Miami, US |url=https://moovitapp.com/insights/en/Moovit_Insights_Public_Transit_Index_USA_Miami_FL-742 |access-date=June 19, 2017 |publisher=Global Public Transit Index by Moovit}} [[File:CC BY icon.svg|50x50px]] Material was copied from this source, which is available under a [[creativecommons:by/4.0/|Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License]].</ref> Msewu wa Metro wa ku Miami uli na mizere yiŵiri na masiteshoni 23. Metrorail yikukolerana na vigaŵa vya kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa tawuni ya Hialeah, Medley, na mukati mwa tawuni ya Miami na vigaŵa vya The Roads, Coconut Grove, Coral Gables, South Miami, na Kendall mu tawuni kwizira mu vigaŵa vya bizinesi vya Miami International Airport, Health District, na Downtown. Metromover, yeneiyo yikwenda pa malo ghapachanya, yikugwira nchito na masiteshoni 21 pa mizere yitatu yakupambanapambana mu msumba wa Downtown Miami, ndipo pali masiteshoni ghaŵiri pa nyumba yiliyose pakati pa Downtown na Brickell. Ntchito zakupharazga zinandi zikovwirika na msonkho wa msonkho uwo ukupelekeka mu chigaŵa chose cha Miami-Dade. Tri-Rail, njanji iyo yikwendeskeka na South Florida Regional Transportation Authority (SFRTA), yikwenda kufuma ku Miami International Airport kumpoto kuya ku West Palm Beach, ndipo yikumalira pa malo 18. Miami Intermodal Center ni malo ghakurughakuru ghakusungirako ŵanthu, ndipo ghakusungirako magalimoto gha Metrorail, Amtrak, Tri-Rail, Metrobus, Greyhound Lines, ma taxi, magalimoto ghakuchita renti, MIA Mover, magalimoto ghaŵene, njinga na ŵanthu ŵakwenda pasi. Chipatala cha Miami Intermodal Center chikamara kuzengeka mu 2010, ndipo chikovwira ŵanthu pafupifupi 150,000 awo ŵakwenda mu chigaŵa cha Miami. Chigawo choyamba cha MiamiCentral Station chinamalizidwa mu 2012, ndipo gawo la Tri-Rail la Phase II linamalizidwa mu 2015, koma kumanga gawo la Amtrak kukuchedwabe. Ŵapharazgi ŵaŵiri ŵaphya, Baylink na Miami Streetcar, ŵali kunozgekera. BayLink ndiyo yikeneranga kukolerana na South Beach, ndipo Miami Streetcar yikeneranga kukolerana na Midtown. Miami ni malo gha kumwera uko Amtrak wakumalira maulendo ghake gha ku Atlantic Coast, ndipo pali mizere yiŵiri, Silver Meteor na Silver Star. Siteshoni ya Amtrak ya Miami yili mu chigaŵa cha Hialeah kufupi na Siteshoni ya Tri-Rail/Metrorail pa NW 79 St na NW 38 Ave. Ntchito yakunozga siteshoni ya Miami Central Station yizamwendeska maofesi ghose gha Amtrak kufuma ku malo agho ghalipo sono kuya ku malo ghakukhala ŵanthu ŵanandi. Malo agha ghakeneranga kuzengeka mu 2012, kweni ghakachedweskeka nyengo yitali.<ref name="MICjanuary">{{Cite web |last=Turnbell |first=Michael |date=October 15, 2014 |title=Tri-Rail station at Miami airport delayed until January |url=http://www.sun-sentinel.com/local/broward/fl-tri-rail-miami-airport-20141015-story.html |access-date=October 30, 2014 |website=Sun Sentinel}}</ref> ===Airports=== {{See also|Miami International Airport|Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport|Palm Beach International Airport}} [[File:Miami International Airport (KMIA-MIA) (8204606870).jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|Miami International Airport is the nation's 10th largest airport.]] Malo gha ndege gha ku Miami International Airport ndigho ni malo gha ndege gha ku Greater Miami Area. Chifukwa cha malo ghake ghakutowa, ndege iyi njimoza mwa ma eyapoti ghakurughakuru pa charu chose ndipo yikwenda na ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 45 miliyoni pa chaka. Malo agha ndigho ni malo ghakurughakuru gha ndege za American Airlines. Miami International ni ciŵanja caŵiri cakudura comene ca ŵanthu awo ŵakwenda pa ndege mu Florida, ndipo ni ciŵanja cacitatu cikuru comene ca ŵanthu awo ŵakwenda pa ndege mu United States. Malo gha ndege gha Kennedy na Los Angeles. Malo ghakwendera ndege agha ghali na maulendo ghambura kuleka kuluta ku misumba yakujumpha 70 ku North na South America, Europe, Africa, Asia, na Middle East. Kweniso, ku Fort Lauderdale na ku Hollywood International Airport na ku Palm Beach International Airport nako kuli magalimoto ghanandi agho ghakwenda mu chigaŵa cha Miami. Miami-Opa Locka Executive Airport mu Opa-locka na Miami Executive Airport mu chigaŵa icho chili kumwera kwa Miami, ndipo yikwendeska ndege mu chigaŵa cha Miami.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Southwest Airlines Cities |url=http://www.southwest.com/travel_center/routemap.html |access-date=October 30, 2008 |website=Southwest Airlines}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The official website of the Miami International Airport |url=https://www.miami-airport.com/ |access-date=October 23, 2022 |website=[[Miami International Airport]]}}</ref> ===Cycling and walking=== Boma la tawuni iyi, ilo mukaŵa meya wakale Manny Diaz, likakolerana na fundo yakuti ŵanthu ŵakwendeska njinga mu Miami. Mu 2010, magazini ya Bicycling Magazine yikalemba kuti msumba wa Miami ndiwo uli pa nambara 44 pa misumba yose ya ku United States iyo yikutemwa kwenda pa njinga. Kafukufuku uyo wakachitika mu 2011, wakavumbura kuti msumba wa Miami ndiwo uli pa nambara 8 pa misumba yikuruyikuru 50 ya ku United States.<ref>{{Cite web |year=2011 |title=2011 City and Neighborhood Rankings |url=http://www.walkscore.com/rankings/cities/ |access-date=August 28, 2011 |publisher=Walk Score}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=April 6, 2010 |title=Miami becoming more bike friendly {{pipe}} South Florida Business Journal |publisher=Southflorida.bizjournals.com |url=http://southflorida.bizjournals.com/southflorida/stories/2010/04/05/daily16.html |access-date=October 30, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Cycling and walking |url=http://www.miamiherald.com/1460/story/1263994.html |access-date=October 7, 2009 |website=miamiherald.com |publisher=Miami Herald}}</ref> ===Public safety=== {{Main|Miami Fire-Rescue Department|Miami Police Department}} ==Ubale na vyaru vinyake== {{See also|List of sister cities in Florida}} ===Sister cities=== {{div col|colwidth=30em}} *{{flagicon|MAR}} [[Agadir]], Morocco (since 1995) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Agadir Maroc, Présentation de la ville d'agadir: Histoire, économie, géographie et cultures &#124; Agadirnet |url=http://www.agadirnet.com/agadir-maroc/presentation/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141229174012/http://www.agadirnet.com/agadir-maroc/presentation/ |archive-date=December 29, 2014}}</ref> *{{flagicon|MAR}} [[El Jadida]], Morocco (since 1995) *{{flagicon|COL}} [[Barranquilla]], Colombia (since 2015)<ref name="sister2">{{Cite web |title=Mayor Noguera signs a sisterhood agreement with Miami (Spanish) |url=https://www.elheraldo.co/barranquilla/alcaldesa-noguera-firma-convenio-de-hermandad-con-miami-197628 |access-date=May 24, 2020 |publisher=El Heraldo}}</ref> *{{flagicon|COL}} [[Bogotá]], Colombia (since 1971)<ref name=sister>{{Cite web |title=Mayor's International Council Sister Cities Program |url=http://www.ci.miami.fl.us/MIC/pages/SisterCities/default.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070526222509/http://www.ci.miami.fl.us/MIC/pages/SisterCities/default.asp <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date=May 26, 2007 |access-date=July 13, 2007 |publisher=City of Miami}}</ref> *{{flagicon|ARG}} [[Buenos Aires]], Argentina (since 1979)<ref name=sister/> *{{flagicon|JPN}} [[Kagoshima]], Japan (since 1990)<ref name=sister/><ref name="Kagoshima twinnings">{{Cite web |script-title=ja:姉妹・友好・兄弟都市 |trans-title=Sister cities |url=http://www.city.kagoshima.lg.jp/_1010/shimin/7siseijouhou/7-8kouryu/7-8-1simaitosi.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130602195754/http://www.city.kagoshima.lg.jp/_1010/shimin/7siseijouhou/7-8kouryu/7-8-1simaitosi.html |archive-date=June 2, 2013 |access-date=August 8, 2013 |publisher=Kagoshima International Affairs Division |language=ja}}</ref> *{{flagicon|ROC}} [[Kaohsiung]], Taiwan (since 1987) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Taiwan Headlines |url=http://www.taiwanheadlines.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=79204&CtNode=47 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928061428/http://www.taiwanheadlines.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=79204&CtNode=47 |archive-date=September 28, 2007}}</ref> *{{flagicon|PER}} [[Lima]], Peru (since 1977)<ref name=sister/> *{{flagicon|ESP}} [[Madrid]], Spain (since 2014)<ref name=sister/><ref>{{Cite news |date=June 23, 2014 |title=Madrid and Miami sign up as twin towns |publisher=latino foxnews |url=http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/politics/2014/06/23/madrid-and-miami-sign-up-as-twin-towns/ |url-status=dead |access-date=July 13, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714213930/http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/politics/2014/06/23/madrid-and-miami-sign-up-as-twin-towns/ |archive-date=July 14, 2014}}</ref> *{{flagicon|ESP}} [[Murcia]], Spain (since 1993) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Murcia, Spain, Wants to Boost Ties with Sister City Miami.(Originated from the Miami Herald) &#124; Knight Ridder/Tribune Business News |url=http://www.accessmylibrary.com/premium/0286/0286-5545315.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930181025/http://www.accessmylibrary.com/premium/0286/0286-5545315.html |archive-date=September 30, 2007}}</ref> *{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Nice]], France (since 1986) <ref>{{Cite news |date=April 7, 1986 |title=Clipped from the Miami Herald |page=63 |work=The Miami Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84994351/the-miami-herald/}}</ref> *{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Palermo]], Italy (since 1997)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sister Cities:Miami Florida, Palermo Italy |url=http://sister-cities.org/sites/default/files/Miami,%20FL-Palermo,%20Italy.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402143701/http://sister-cities.org/sites/default/files/Miami%2C%20FL-Palermo%2C%20Italy.pdf |archive-date=April 2, 2015 |access-date=February 28, 2015}}</ref> *{{flagicon|CHN}} [[Qingdao]], China (since 2005)<ref name=sister/> *{{flagicon|BRA}} [[Salvador, Bahia|Salvador da Bahia]], Brazil (since 2006)<ref name=sister/> *{{flagicon|SLV}} [[San Salvador]], El Salvador (since 1991)<ref name=sister/> *{{flagicon|CHL}} [[Santiago, Chile|Santiago]], Chile (since 1986)<ref name=sister/> *{{flagicon|DOM}} [[Santo Domingo]], Dominican Republic (since 1987)<ref name=sister/> *{{flagicon|BRI}} [[Southampton]], United Kingdom (since 2019)<ref>{{Cite news |title=Southampton and Miami, Florida become sister cities at ceremonial signing event |publisher=Southampton City Council |url=https://www.southampton.gov.uk/news/article.aspx?id=tcm:63-412460 |access-date=June 14, 2019}}</ref> {{div col end}} ===Cooperation agreements=== *{{flagicon|POR}} [[Lisbon]], [[Portugal]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lisboa – Geminações de Cidades e Vilas |trans-title=Lisbon – Twinning of Cities and Towns |url=http://www.anmp.pt/anmp/pro/mun1/gem101l0.php?cod_ent=M1100 |access-date=August 23, 2013 |publisher=Associação Nacional de Municípios Portugueses [National Association of Portuguese Municipalities] |language=pt}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Acordos de Geminação, de Cooperação e/ou Amizade da Cidade de Lisboa |trans-title=Lisbon – Twinning Agreements, Cooperation and Friendship |url=http://www.cm-lisboa.pt/municipio/relacoes-internacionais |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131031202617/http://www.cm-lisboa.pt/municipio/relacoes-internacionais |archive-date=October 31, 2013 |access-date=August 23, 2013 |publisher=Camara Municipal de Lisboa |language=pt}}</ref> *{{flagicon|ISR}} [[Yeruham]], Israel<ref>{{Cite news |title=Miami-Yerucham Partnership |publisher=Greater Miami Jewish Federation |url=http://jewishmiami.org/about/departments/israel_overseas/miami-yerucham_partnership/?mobile=1 |access-date=January 7, 2018}}</ref> ==Notable people== {{main|List of people from Miami}} ==Vyakulemba== {{notelist}} {{reflist|group=note}} ==Ukaboni== {{Reflist}} ==Vinandi== * Elizabeth M. Aranda, Sallie Hughes, and Elena Sabogal, ''Making a Life in Multiethnic Miami: Immigration and the Rise of a Global City.'' Boulder, Colorado: Renner, 2014. == Vigaŵa vya kuwalo == {{Sister project links|Miami|voy=Miami}} * [http://www.miamigov.com/ City of Miami&nbsp;– official site] * [http://www.gmcvb.com Greater Miami Convention and Visitors Bureau] {{Navboxes | title = Articles relating to Miami and [[Miami-Dade County]] | list = {{Miami}} {{Miami Neighborhoods}} {{Miami-Dade County, Florida}} {{Miami metropolitan area}} {{Greater Miami}} {{Florida}} {{USLargestMetros}} {{Florida cities and mayors of 100,000 population}} }} {{USPopulousCities}} {{Florida county seats}} {{Authority control}} {{Portal bar|Florida|Geography|United States|North America|Cities}} [[Category:Miami| ]] [[Category:1825 establishments in Florida Territory]] [[Category:Cities in Florida]] [[Category:Cities in Miami-Dade County, Florida]] [[Category:Cities in Miami metropolitan area]] [[Category:County seats in Florida]] [[Category:Populated coastal places in Florida on the Atlantic Ocean]] [[Category:Populated places established in 1825]] [[Category:Port cities and towns of the Florida Atlantic coast]] [[Category:Seaside resorts in Florida]] db61iry86hu070sww7jauh11wgvd1qs 10 18613 116373 112835 2026-06-08T10:20:42Z CommonsDelinker 72 Replacing Flag_of_Peru_(war).svg with [[File:State_flag_of_Peru.svg]] (by [[:c:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[:c:COM:FR#FR3|Criterion 3]] (obvious error) · This is not the war flag, this is the State flag [ht 116373 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{1<noinclude>|country showdata</noinclude>}}} | alias = Peru | flag alias = Flag of Peru.svg | flag alias-spain = Flag of Cross of Burgundy.svg | flag alias-1820 = Flag of Tacna Regiment (1820 proposal).svg | flag alias-1821 = Flag of Peru (1821-1822).svg | flag alias-1822 = Flag of Peru (1822).svg | flag alias-1822a = Flag of Peru (1822–1825).svg | flag alias-1825 = Flag of Peru (1825–1884).svg | flag alias-confederation = Flag of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation.svg | flag alias-north = Flag of Peru (1825–1884).svg | link alias-north = North Peru | flag alias-south = Flag of South Peru.svg | link alias-south = South Peru | flag alias-1884 = Flag of Peru (1884–1950).svg | flag alias-state = Flag of Peru (state).svg | flag alias-football = Flag of Peru (state).svg | flag alias-army = Flag of the Peruvian Army.svg | link alias-army = Peruvian Army | flag alias-naval= Flag of the Peruvian Navy.svg | link alias-naval = Peruvian Navy | flag alias-air force= Flag of the Peruvian Air Force.svg | link alias-air force = Peruvian Air Force | flag alias-military=State flag of Peru.svg | link alias-military=Peruvian Armed Forces | flag alias-marines = Flag of the Peruvian Navy.svg | link alias-marines = Peruvian Naval Infantry | flag alias-navy = Flag of Peru (state).svg | link alias-navy = Peruvian Navy | size = {{{size|}}} | name = {{{name|}}} | altvar = {{{altvar|}}} | altlink = {{{altlink|}}} | variant = {{{variant|}}} <noinclude> | var1 = spain | var2 = 1820 | var3 = 1821 | var4 = 1822 | var5 = 1822a | var6 = 1825 | var7 = confederation | var8 = north | var9 = south | var10 = 1884 | var11 = state | var12 = football | redir1 = PER </noinclude> }} a35o0rk8b87n38mt5exzjouw8keyfcd